During the last few decades the massive movement toward the "rich" area of
Casamance by people coming from the poorer North--the Sereres tribe at first,
animists or Christianized; then and particularly so the Muslim Toucouleur

and Ouolof tribes, whose members are therefore more difficult to assimilate--
little by little gave to these problems a potentially explosive character.
Burning the forest systematically in order to plant peanuts, a crop which

brings in a good return to the individual but which wears out the soil, to

the detriment of growing rice, which ensures the survival of everyone; bringing
with them an inevitably competitive religion, Islam, monopolizing the small
businesses with their "bana-bana" stores; relying, at least de facto, on the
Dakar government, which is itself kept in place in the last analysis by the
benevolent neutrality of the Muslim brotherhoods of the peanut-growing basin

of Central Senegal: They finally left the people native to the Casamance

area with the feeling that they were being "colonized." Hence, it was inevitable
that a few intellectuals, taking into account the multiple frustrations resulting
from such a turn of events, would take a path of claiming independence, even

if, objectively speaking, such a course had no serious chance of succeeding.

Neither is it particularly astonishing that a few Catholic priests of the
Casamance area should be involved in such an ambiguous undertaking especially
since the Dakar leaders, with their own internal problems, have practically
never found any other support here than that offered by colorless or question-
able personalities, who come from Toucouleur, Ouolof, or Lebou families, whose
generation immediately preceding immigrated into the Casamance area and there-
fore were not really natives of the region.

Did incendiary figures from abroad set fire to this dry straw, as Mbaye Jacques
Diop suggests? This is not clear. However, the idea of a "Greater Guinea"
made up of Gambia, Sierra Leone, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, and Casamance, which
was originally a favorite dream of the British Colonial Office, was not simply
a passing fancy. Still, over the past few months the establishment of Sene-
bambia, which will become an irreversible act; the discreet and friendly resolu-
tion of the bloody tribal conflicts of this past summer between the Diolas

of Senegal and the Balantes of Guinea-Bissau over. the theft of cattle; the
recent official visit of President Vieyra of Guinea-Bissau to Gambia, where

he is still accused of having facilitated the escape of Kukoi Samba Saniang,

a leader of the rebels of the summer of 1981; and finally the "quieting down"
of President Sekou Toure at Banjul--everything shows that this largely mythical
project is not a real question at the moment. Therefore, one is forced to
agree that the Senegalese leaders are from now on faced with a situation like
that in Corsica which only they can resolve.

5170
CsO: 3419/410

51



PRIME MINISTER PREDICTS ‘ROUGH, ROCKY' 1983

Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English 3 Jan 83 pp 1, 16

(Text]

SWAZILAND's “economic
position is going to be rough
and ‘rocky in the next few

years.
At the beginning o of the

“However, the best. we.
could achieve was a growth*
rate of only five per cent.
When this compared wits

growth rate
wee percent per annum,
the semen margin
becomes narrow -
jroced,” the Prine Minister
said.

He asked: “The question
now is what can we do to
avert the threat of an

‘Swaziland, he said, has to
work out an answer to this

question under pressure of a :

‘rapidly growing population
‘and hostile world economic
conditions.

“We haven't got time; we
have got to “act and act
quickly,” warned the Prime

: "The Kingdohn's structure
‘of the economy, Prince,
Mabandla said, dictated that ;

cso: 3400/577 .

agriculture’. “and “ agro‘based ‘

industries must play @
Jeading role in job creation.

“We must grow at least
enbugh food’ to — feed
ourselves. Without jobs and.
without income with: whith:
to pay for food imports’
many of our people will ‘SOOnTM
be in real danger of
starvation,” said the Prime
Minister.

‘The Prime Minister made
it clear that government was

pointed: out however, that
government was making
every possible effort to
onaure ‘@ better harvest in

te stated that he saw no
way of i.
dilemma unless. the. rural
Swazi economy is drastically
transformed.

He expressed’
disappointment that
although Swazi nation land
‘constitutes over 60 percent
of the Kingdom's total land

115

area, its contribution to the
national economy and to job
creation has remained

“In the interest ‘of
Swaziland “and the Swazi
people, let us all realise that
we have a serious economic
problem in our hands and let.
us all put our heads together
in the New Year and h
seriously for a solutio he
said.

Government, hhe said was
compelled to freeze its
recurrent expenditure at its
present lever in order to
avoid the danger of a serious
financial crisis.

“Let us all tighten our:

many formidable economic
challenges for this nation.
The serious problem of

during the coming year.

SWAZILAND



ETHIOPIA

NEED FOR EXPLOITING WATER RESOURCES FOR DEVELOPMENT DISCUSSED
Addis Ababa ADDIS ZEMEN in Amharic 16 Oct 82 p 2
[Editorial: "Our Water Resources for Development"]

[Text] Although the country has an enormous amount of natural resources,
very little has been developed. Our great rivers and streams are undevel-
oped and unused to their maximum capacity. They remain uncontrolled,
carrying away vast amounts of fertile soil to foreign lands. This situa-
tion does not benefit the country as it should, and has, in fact, been
harmful. In order to speed up the country's development, it is eritical
to control this situation.

Although many years have passed since efforts to develop water resources
were initiated, much more needs to be done. Our water resources could be
used, for example, to irrigate 2 million hectares of land, yet only about
100 hectares have actually been irrigated. Annually, these resources could
be generating 56 billion kilowatts of electricity; yet only 2 percent has
been realized. Although the country has ample fresh drinking water, only
a small percentage of the population, including city dwellers, have access
to fresh drinking water; and each year the Nile River alone carries away
millions of cubic meters of fertile soil to a foreign land. Research
studies indicate that much could and can be done in this critical area of
economic development.

As has been stated, there is no doubt that in order to build a strong and
free economy, the masses must continue their efforts to develop our water
resources so that all national requirements are satisfied, including in-
creased use of water for irrigation, electric power generation, and control
of soil erosion; greater use of the Wabi-Shebelie and Tekezie rivers, con-
struction of hydroelectric power stations at Malka-Wako and other streams,
and irrigation to provide water for the Shenka Farm and the Muger Cement
Factory.

Because only a small percentage of Ethiopia's population has access to
fresh drinking water, the Revolutionary Government has made it a prime ob-
jective to increase the supply. Many wells have been dug and rivers used
to increase the supply to city dwellers and those living in the countryside.
It is planned that in the next 10 years, 35 percent of the population,

17



NORAD AGREES TO FINANCE SOIL SURVEY UNIT

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 31 Dec 82 p 1

[Text]

cso:

“production would

ZAMBIA and the Norwe-
gan Agency for Interna-
Development
(NORAD) yesterday signed
a K2 million agreement to
finance the soil survey
unit in the country.

NORAD will also allocate
about KS00,000 per year
under the same agreement
for scholarship to train soil
surveyors, NORAD resi-
dent representative to Za-
mbia, Mr Kristian Peter-
sen said after the signing
-yesterday.

He said Zambia had
great potential in agricu-
Iture and that food produc-
tion must be given high
priority because an incre-
ase in population if not bar
-tched with increased food
about chaos.

The main objective of the
soil survey unit is to
prepare a soil map which
is a necessity for a systema-
tic appreach to expand ope-
rations in the field.

Mr Petersen pledged
further assistance in the
field of construction of
houses for soil surveyors
in the provinces so that in
future they could be
deployed there.

“The strengthening of
the counterpart . system

3400/573

146

together with increased
activity in education and
training will possibly speed
up the Zambianisation
‘programme in the unit.

It is therefore likely that
the entering of Phase II of
the project means entering
the last phase of the pro-
ject mainly manned and
financed by expatriates.”

In reply, Director Gene-
ral of the National Commi-
ssion for Development
Planning, Dr Leonard Chi-
vuno, noted that the survi-
val of Zambia strictly lay in
its abundant natural reso-

urces.

“We have a lot of land
but it is not enough to
have land if it is not sur-
veyed technically. This
grant will enable us to
carry out soil surveys which
we fave not done in the
past due to lack of funds.”

He said the Party and its
Government were eager
to utilise grants and
loans. as quickly as possi-
ble.

Dr Chivuno said by assi-
sting Zambia to train her
own soil surveyors,
NORAD was giving the
country a permanent
solution to the problem of
manpower. —

ZAMBIA



ZAMBIA

MILINGO CONFIRMS KIDNAP ATTEMPT, HOLDS MASS WITH POPE

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 4 Jan 83 pl

lie agg? aij Hl ED
i ds a

arlene
Baassge G44 GaAs pees
Ti a
(paella
HLH TEST Fee

[Text]

3400/573

cso:

141



NOTE

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sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



could include deportation. By hardening its attitude toward South African
exiles, Lesotho is following the examples of Swaziland, which refuses to

be a haven for South African political fugitives. [Text] [MB240937 Johannes-
burg International Service in English 0630 GMT 24 Jan 83]

COLLIERY SETS RECORD--A SECUNDA colliery has set a world record for coal pro-
duction only 18 months after coming on stream. Middelbult Colliery--the lat-
est of Sasol Limited's four mines in Secunda--beat the previous world record
of 566 829 tons a month st at Brandspruit by 10 percent. It is the first time
a single underground colliery has surpassed the 600 000-ton coal production
mark for a single month. Total production at Middelbult last month was 624-
490 tons. This amount of coal would cover a rugby field up to the height of
the Carlton Hotel. Additional records set up during the last week of December
were 159 700 tons extracted during a single week and 33 710 tons in a day.

The achievement also represents an unequalled composite production growth of
24 percent a month in the 18 months since production started. Middelbult's
last production unit will be commissioned next month. [Text] [Johannesburg
THE CITIZEN in English 5 Jan 83 p 10]

CHURCH TURNS BLACK AWAY--MANY people in Zeerust have been shocked by an in-
cident at the Gereformeerde Kerk last Wednesday when a Black mission worker
of the Gereformeerde Kerk was not allowed to join in a prayer service for
rain. His request, put to the church council by the churchwarden and trea-
surer, Mrs Gertjie Buys, was refused after a snap meeting of the council. The
service was conducted by a visiting minister as the regular minister, the Rev
J Linde, is away on leave. Mrs Buys told The Citizen yesterday she felt un-
happy about the incident. She had been approached by the man and had put his
request to the church council. Mrs Buys would not say anything further, say-
ing the incident was a highly contentious one in Zeerust "and would be best
left for the people of Zeerust to deal with". The Rev W Rawlings, of the Ned
Gereformeede Kerk, said yesterday he did not want to criticise something which
had taken place in another church. "I can only say that if it had been the
Ned Geref Kerk we would possibly have taken a different stand on the presence
of a Black man at a church meeting. We must remember the Almighty does not
heed the prayers of Whites only, particularly when we areall affected, as in
the present drought." It is understood the incident will be brought before
the next meeting of the Gereformeerde Kerk's council, which will be held when
Mr Linde returns from leave. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English

10 Jan 83 p 3]

DEVELOPMENT BOOST FOR SOWETO--IN A MOVE that will have major repercussions for

the development of soweto, national retail chain Checkers, in partnership with
the Black-based Soweto Development Company, is to develop a R30-million shops

111



If there was a deadlock be-
tween the two white and two
“non-white” representatives
who would choose these
office bearers, the president
— and speaker respectively

— would have an additional .

casting vote.
“This violates the whole
spirit of a system in‘which
re is a separation of
powers between the legisla-
ture and the executive. _

“Tt will undermine and se- *

riously limit the power of
parliament to control execu-
tive power,” Professor

‘The criteria for judging the
degree of separation between
the legislature and the execu-
tive were the extent of the
freedom of the legislature to
choose its own procedures
and leadership structure.

With the president able to
determine the dates of ses-
sions of parliament and hav-
ing a casting vote in the elec-
tion of key office-bearers,
-both these freedoms were se-
Tiously violated, he said.

Professor Barry Dean,
professor of constitutional
Jaw at the University of Cape
Town, said that scrutiny of
the existing constitution “in.
search of powers vested in
the current executive could
not come anywhere near pro-
viding the answer.

‘The powers of the execu-
tive today relied heavily on,
legislation which had

over decades. ‘

‘The executive had gone to
Parliament asking for exten-
sions of its power through

_new legislation or amended

legislation each time it had
found this necessary.

“But these powers are very
specifically defined and con-
trolled. In essence the execu-
tive in South Africa today has
very broad powers, but
powers nevertheless clearly
defined in statutory origin,”
Professor Dean said.

Mr Nic Olivier, director of
the Progressive Federal Par-
ty’s research division and a
former professor of black
administration and law,
pointed out in a study of the
president’s powers that the
present State President had
no real independent capacity
or powers, but was bound to
act “on the advice of the
Executive Council: (the
Cabinet)”. .

In terms of the Govern-

ment’s constitutional guide-_

CsO: 3400/575

ines, the offices of the pre-
sent Prime Minister and
State President will be rolled
into. one powerful executive
president who will pull near-
y all the strings — directly
or indirectly — in the new
constitutional set-up.

A highly controversial
clause further defining his
sweeping powers has been
recommended in the second
report of the President's
Council released last month
and on which the Govern-
ment has, as yet, not adopted
a formal position.

‘The contentious PC clause
would enable the president,
after consultation with the
Jeaders of the three cham-
bers, to “take such steps as he
may deem necessary for the
security of the state when-
ever the independence of the
state is threatened or when-
ever the functioning of public
institutions of government is
interrupted”:

‘This clause has become the
main focus of attack in the
stormy debate on the presi-
dent’s sweeping powers, but

experts are divided on its

implications.
Professor Schrire pointed
out that it was similar to a

clause iri the French constitu- -

tion and he did not regard it
as particularly sinister.

“The question is whether

the president will act in the

spirit of the proposals or

whether he will misuse
” he said.

However, Professor Dean
said that the provision could
bring about a “constitutiona-
lised dictatorship” and hurl
South Africa back to the kind
of situation that existed dur-
ing the turbulent years of
pre-17th century England, by

iving the president virtually

unlimited reserve power to
act without recourse to
parliament.

“J seriously doubt whether
the courts could overrule any
step taken by the president in
terms of his power to do
whatever he feels necessary

*to preserve the security of
the state,” he said.

“It will move our constitu-

jtion back to 15th century
England.

“Under this kind of power,
true enough, you will still
have to go back to an author-
ising provision in the consti-
tution, but the scope of this
particular power is so broad

60

that it is almost without limi-
tation,” Professor Dean said.

Comparing the powers
contained in the clause with
the powers currently vested
in the French president, Pro-
fessor Dean cautioned that
circumstances in France and
South Africa could not bear
comparison.

“In a country which has
had a long history of demo-
cratic government you could
possibly tolerate this.

“But in a country where
the overwhelming majority
of the population has been
denied the franchise and
which does not have a very
good record as far as democ-
Tacy goes, can you really tol-
erate grants of power of this
kind?

“T have doubts about it,” he

said.

“Unless there are limita-
tions much more clearly:
spelt out, the executive presi-
dent will have what virtually
amounts to a blank cheque,”
Professor Dean said. .

Mr Olivier said he found
the clause “disturbing” and
he specifically excluded it f
the purposes of his finding
that the proposed president
would not be a dictator in the
conventional sense.

“The full implications of
this provision are unclear.

“But the power given to the
president, in terms of the
Proposal. are so wide that he

id virtually do anything -
under the sun under the con-
ditions stated — particularly
when one bears in mind the
wide interpretation given by
the NP Government to the
concept of the security of the
state,” he said.

“But the question, to my
mind, is not whether the
president can become a dic-
tator under the new
constitution.

“The question is simply:
does the constitution clothe
the president with such im-
munity that, during his term .
of office, neither the courts
nor parliament, nor the cabi-
net, would be able to prevent
him using the wide powers
granted to him under the con-

‘stitution in a way that runs

counter to fundamental
democratic rights and free-
doms, or would be able to call
him to account when he does
abuse the powers conferred
on him,” Mr Olivier said.



DAIRY OFFICIAL ANNOUNCES WHOLESALE, RETAIL MILK PRICE RISES

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 1 Jan 83 p 1

[Excerpt]

cso:

3400/573

THE WHOLESALE and retail prices of milk
have gone up by as much as 2n, with immedi-

ate effect. .

Dairy Produce Board ge-
neral manager Mr Boniface
Sandala also announced that
the producer. price’ of ‘milk
throughout Zambia will be 47n
per litre as of today,

In .a_ statement. released
yesterday Mr Sandala arinou-
need that half a litre of f fresh

milk which was costing.32n
retail and. 3in at wholesale.

will now cost 34n and.32n res-"

pectively.

A quarter litre’ of fresh
milk has gone.op by in at
both retail ard. wholesale, fo
18a . and.17n respectively.
‘Fresh ‘milk by scoops’ will
cost 50n per litre at retail price
(from: 47n) and. 48n. at whole-
sale (from’43n)..

Foctified recombined milk
will cost 32n for half a litre

which previously cost 28n at
retail markets and. 30n from
27n for the wholesale.

A quarter litre of the same
type of milk will cost 16n at
retail and.25n .at wholesale,
from15nand.t4n respectively.

Lacto will cost 22n a rise of
one. ngwee from’ the _old
price af retail level and 2in
for. the wholesale market.
The previous price at retail
level was 10n.

Dairy chocolate will ‘now re-
tail at zt 160 (from’15n) and. 15n
at wholesale level (from: 14n)
for a quarter litre.

Mr Sandala said the increa-
ses are a normal review of
producer, whol¢sale and retail
prices and ‘‘has nothing to do
with the control of prices as
recently announced.”

ZAMBIA



cso:

3400/575

experiment in racial and cultural inter-
action, philanthropy — it ought to be
hinted — cannot be considered to have
fully benefited an underprivileged peo.
ple until it actively promotes the birth
of creative and enterprising black lead-
ership in the target area of sponsorship.
The only hope there is for white uni-
versities tobe truly liberalised is for®
them to adfhit many more black stu-
dents and staff as conscious policy, as.
an ethical ‘imperative.
As a complementary measure, the
universities must increase their exten-'
rogrammes in town and country.
For is, an: nis“an inter-university committee’
must be established, outside of the Com-
mittee of Principles ... which, by defi-
nition, is.quite at ease with the status

quo. ~.

Even as I congratulate you all here
on the attainment of diglomas and cer-
tificates, I cannot help but ask you to
ponder the quality and depth of your
awareness, your growth, in relation to_
these irksome issues. ny

L offer no brilliant answers. I merely
want to share my musings with you. *:

‘You are products of an education sys~:
ne mail, We all are in this country in

gement of which a political

r auton bel helk bent on monitoring all.
Sour intellectual and moral growth, on!
bottling and canning human minds
a “desperate, ‘quasi-scient:
Pie hardly i .
We hardly know the joys of the hi

ses. a) may the adventure you have“
embarked upon yield the best you could:
wish for yourselt and your immediat
humanity.

71



CHAD

BRIEFS

SETBACKS FOR HABRE FORCES--The forces of the transitional national government
in Chad continue to inflict further heavy losses on the ranks of the forces of
Hissein Habre, which began to retreat to a more restricted area within the Chad
capital of Ndjamena. Within the scope of the battles which took place between
the national government forces and Habre's forces on 7 January, the transition-
al national government forces inflicted heavy losses on Habre's forces in Lala
region close to the capital, Ndjamena. Another battle took place in the (Jama)
region between the forces of the national government and Habre's forces during
which the latter suffered large losses. Six large vehicles carrying wounded
were seen. Habre prevented the citizens from visiting the injured so that they
might learn of the size of the losses which his forces are suffering at the
hands of the transitional national government forces. Press despatches from
Chad indicate that a powerful explosion took place in Habre's house on 12
January. The casualties have not yet been announced. Chari region witnessed
battles between Habre's forces and the forces of the south resulting in 80
persons being killed from Habre's forces. In addition a powerful explosion
rocked (Atwal) cinema in the capital Ndjamena, resulting in 14 dead and 7
injured. [Text] [LD241602 Tripoli Domestic Service in Arabic 1330 GMT 24 Jan
83]

NEW OFFICIALS APPOINTED--Ndjamena, 15 Jan (AFP)——-Many high officials have
been appointed to the Chadian presidency, it was learned in Ndjamena.
Kerim Togoi, former adviser to President Hissein Habre, has been appointed
secretary general to the presidency. Advisory posts have been replaced
with directorates which are mostly staffed by former advisers or former
commissioners (ministers). Also two or three special advisers to the
president will be appointed. Already Ali Salim, former commissioner for
economy and trade, has been appointed special adviser to the president of
the republic. Ahmed Moussami remains the principal private secretary of
Mr Habre. The situation is calm in Ndjamena where the people lead normal
lives, contrary to news published abroad recently that fighting had resumed
in the Chadian capital. [Text] [AB160834 Paris AFP in French 1533 GMT

15 Jan 83]



The nightmare that troubles the Zanzibar Revolutionary Government day and
night is the matter of ensuring that those small revenues due that can be
collected, are collected; that expenditure that is increasing day by day is
controlled; that an adequate financial reserve has to be kept instead of it
being used to reduce existing essential requirements; the impossible con-
frontation with shortages; and, in general, being compelled to grapple with
economic problems. These are the major problems making things difficult
for the Tanzanian islands.

The true, realistic answer, one that comes within our ability, is first to
increase production, and then to use what we get for this production to
further increase our production capacity, while at the same time further
reducing external dependence. In other words, Zanzibar's tiny economy must
be raised to the point where it can surmount the threshold of the peculiar
nature of Zanzibar so that it can bear the daily increasing burden of both
the constantly increasing needs of our countrymen and of development.

For years, new clove production has been fluctuated greatly, from 24,165
tons to 769 tons. Those changes have taken place against the background of
the price of this crop increasing only slightly more than the general
increase in the prices of goods needed from abroad. The loss resulting
from the reduction in the value of trade has continued to contribute toward
increasing the shortage of goods that are increasingly required.

The result of this is that for every increase of 1 percent in the country's
revenue, the quantity of goods that have been imported has increased at the
rate of between 1.2 and 1.3 percent. Another fact is that the fluctuation
in the sale of the clove crop from year to year calls for, as I have
already said, a large sum of foreign currency to be held in reserve for an
emergency. Hence it is clear that this is an urgent need to prepare a plan
to examine every aspect of the question of modifying the economic system
with the aim of increasing and improving the suitable types of crop which
can be grown on the Tanzanian islands. At the same time the environment
and performance of these crops should continue to be carefully examined in
a long-term plan. This question must now be fully followed up and plans
and implementation techniques prepared once it is determined that the steps
being taken will enable the economy of Tanzania's islands to bear and to
settle the problems of [words indistinct] and thus eliminate the need for a
large reserve.

During the past 2 years, Zanzibar's exact revenue [words indistinct]
increased by slightly more than 2 percent. This small increase was caused
by two factors and various factors. [as heard] First, the scarcity of
foreign exchange as a result of the increase in the importation of goods,
together with hard commercial demands which become daily more complex and
intractable. Second, the lack of skill in the management of the economy,
particularly in production. And third, the difficulty of [word indistinct]
the allocation of foreign exchange or the balancing of this allocation and
the availability of expertise and skill needed in a planned production
activity or project. The result is low production, which increases capital
requirements for every batch of goods produced. Thus the capital that is

120



ZAMBIA

ADF GRANTS TWO LOANS TO FINANCE AGRICULTURAL, EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS
Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 1 Jan 83 p 1

[Text] THE AFRICAN Development Fund (ADF) has granted Zambia two loans total-
ling K7.5 million for financing agricultural and educational projects.

Finance Minister Kebby Musokotwane who is currently in Abidjan, Ivory Coast,
signed the two loans on behalf of Zambia while African Development Bank (ADB)
vice-president Mr D. Bihute signed on behalf of the Fund.

A loan of about K470,000 will go into the financing of the foreign exchange
cost of the feasibility studies for the development of farming estates in
Luapula Province.

It is repayable in seven years with a three-year period of grace.

The other loan of about K7 million is for financing the junior secondary edu-
cation project and is repayable over 50 years including a 10-year period of
grace.

Speaking during the ceremony, Mr Musokotwane stresed the priority that Zambia
places on education and agriculture.

He said there is no resource more important than manpower and this is why
Zambia was grateful to the ADF--which is a soft loan affiliate of the ADB--for
the loans.

The minister said with Zambia's emphasis on agriculture, the loan of K7 mil-
lion will go a long way towards helping promote this sector.

Zambia, he added, has realised that its economic salvation no longer rests on
copper.

He said Zambia was now making efforts to ensure that peasants, co-operatives,
as well as commercial farmers are encouraged to participate in the development
of agriculture.

On Thursday Mr Musokotwane who is chairman of the ADB board of directors

presided at a ceremony where the capital of the Bank was officially opened to
non-African countries.

126



KROONSTAD SCHOOL OF ENGINEERS DESCRIBED

Johannesburg ARMED FORCES in English Dec 82 pp 17-18

[Text]

The School of Engineers consists of a number of depart-
ments which together supply the advanced training and ex-
pertise for the South African Corps of Engineers.

Based at Kroonstad the School has four district elements.
The Schoo! itself which in addition to being the ad-
ministrative centre holds over 50 courses a year and also
houses the Permanent Force Squadron that presents all the
Corps courses for all Permanent Force Sappers, both prac-
tical and promotional qualification courses. Then there are
the courses held by the All Arms Squadron and attended by
Citizen Force Sappers for promotion and specialized
knowledge, which are also attended by other CF unit
members to meet the requirements of their particular forma-
tions. The courses include Minewarfare, Explosives,
Counter-surveillance and Assault Pioneer Training.**

The Young Officers Squadron is located in a magnificent
old building that was built as a convent school that was
taken over by the Sappers when the school closed. It is here
that the selected National Servicemen (NSMs) are posted
for 12 months officers training. The Squadron has two in-
takes per year of NSMs, January being the biggest with a
smaller follow-on in July, over 80% of these two intakes are
university or technikon graduates. It is this Squadron that
supplies officers to the training Squadrons at Bethlehem,
the other Squadrons in the Operational area and all the
“other formations and units in the Army that have a need for
Sapper officers. Vegkop, as the old Convent has been nam-
ed, is near the schoo! and has its own classrooms but train-
ing is also undertaken in a number of other localities and
the Candidate Officers have their share of field training. For
many of them it is often the first time that they have prac-
tical training that involves ‘hard labour’ with military
engineering subjects like bridging, mining and earthwork
providing the opportunity for labour. Provision of water sup-
plies and the purification of water is another major task
undertaken by the Sappers. This Squadron runs on the prin-
cipal that the best way to know how the job is done, is to do
it!, and the COs have to tackle all the tasks themselves. Dur-
ing training they are the work force, and like many of the
yearly sapper intakes it is a question of starting training
right on ground level, many of them are city boys who do not
know how to use a shovel or axe so the basic training for the
graduates often starts with very basic equipment.

66

SOUTH AFRICA



He noted that Mauritius is almost completely dependent on South Africa for its
food supplies. He stressed that his party, the Mauritian Militant Movement,
has pledged to cut the commercial ties between Mauritius and South Africa.
"However," continued the Mauritian prime minister, "it would be totally unreal-
istic to think that we could cut these ties overnight." Mauritius is seeking
an alternative to South Africa and India is one, he stated.

9693
CSO: 3419/376

24



The Unlisted Giants

Scores of Companies are 'Top 100' Material, but They Prefer to Steer Clear

of the JSE

IT is
“top”
stock exchange.

‘The reason is that these are the only groups obliged to, diselose the financial

unfortunate fact that the'Top' 100.— ‘like most similar lists of
firms in SA and abroad — consists only of companies quoted on the

information needed to compile a ranking of companies by assets, revenues,

earnings per share, or whatever.

But listed companies
comprise only a tin
portion of the fotal business
community. In South
Africa, 493 companies
quoted on the Johann
burg Stock Exchange,
which is only about 0,3% of
the 165000 firms on the

clude the very largest con-
glomerates — Anglo
American, Gencor, Rem-
brandt, Barlow’ Rand and
30 on. : .
-These local giants have
roe oe wane exchange
ca main-
tin their Rock market ist
ing, partly because most
are likely to turn to outside

ly, but not always) bring
‘Nonetheless, vo ot

SA’s biggest and fastest- *

ISE, di ery
barest (if any) details of
their financial perform-
ance and, in many cases,
keeping a very low profile.

Robin McGregor, author
of ‘Who Owns Whom in Sa,

Categories

Who are the unlisted gi-
ants of South African
commerce and industry?
‘The bulk of them appear
to fall in six categories:

@ STATE CORPORA-:
TIONS. No sarvey of SA
business is complete with-
‘out a mention of the public
corporations, which last

year accounted for over
one-fifth of fixed
investment.

‘The largést include Es~
com, Iscor/Armscor and —
if Government rises”
are included — SA Trans-

Ser Posts &

‘elecommunitahons. =.

Escom employs over
50 000 le, sone 1800
more jerican
Industrial Corp, more,
than twice as yas Bar-.
clays National Bank. —

low Rand and SA
Breweries are the only quo-
ted industrial groups whose
assets are larger than
Armscor’s R1,4-billion.

Armscor’s assets have
expanded tenfold in little
more than a Oecd Es-
com's revenues jumped by
21% last year (to Ra-bit
lion) and its capital outlays

illion.

early 1970s.
‘@ FINANCIAL :INSTI-
TUTIONS. SA’s two largest

insurance companies are
not listed on the JSE.

Old Mutual’s assets stood
at R5,4-billion in mid-1982,
while Sanlam’s total
around Ré-billion. Both

mium income

rom its investments
bounded up by 34% to RS41-
‘million in the year to June

1982.

@ FOREIGN SUBSID-
ARIES. Only a handful of
‘the roughly 2000 foreign.
companies with invest-"
ments in SA are quoted on
the JSE. o

They i include Dunlop, As-
sociat gineering, Met-
al Box, Coates, UTC, Afrox
{all controlled from Brit-
ain) and Masonite (US-
owned). ,

95

Of the 10 car manufac-
turers with plants in SA,
only Toyota (which is 4 lo-
cally-owned company) is
quoted.

The foreign-owned
groups have sizeable in-
vestments here. For exam-
ple, Ford’s assets in SA are
guesstimated at around

million and General
Motors’ at more than R200-
million. ti!

Other large investors in
the motor and related in-
dustries include Goodyear

and Rubber, John
Deere and «International
Harvester.

‘The biggest foreign in-
vestors of all are probably
the oil majors. BP, Shell,
Mobil, Caltex (jointly
‘owned by Texaco and Stan-
dard-Oil of California) and
Total all have stakes in ex-

‘Measured in ‘terms of
growth, there is little doubt
that foreign suppliers: of
idata processing equipment,
such as IBM, I

roughs, Control Data and
‘Nixdorf, have been hard to
beat in recent years.

‘The most that IBM has,
disclosed about the size of
its South Aftican operation
is that it contributes less
than 1% of worldwide rev-
eaues,, which’ would have

‘Siemens is one of the few
multinationals which does
lift the veil slightly on its
operations in South Africa.

Turnover rose by 36% to
R363-million jf the year to
September 30, 1981, while
taxed profit jumped by 30%-
to R10,3-million. Siemens’
sales in SA put it on roughly
the same level as Highveld
Steels, Sappi and Romatex.



NIGER

BRIEFS

FRENCH FINANCING AGREEMENTS SIGNED--The minister of foreign affairs and co-
operation, Daouda Diallo, and Maurice Courage, French ambassador in Niger,

on Monday [27 December] signed two financial agreements for a total value

of Fr 13,258,000 or 662,900,000 CFA Francs. The first agreement, valued

at 650,000,000 CFA Francs, is to finance village irrigation construction

North of Niamey. The project covers the sub-districts of Quallam and Filingue
where it is intended to drill 120 wells equipped with suction pumps in the
immediate vicinity of the villages. The second agreement, valued at 12,900,000
CFA Francs, provides financial assistance to the National Association for

the Training of the Blind. It will make it possible to open a shop for weaving
sackcloth and a shop for tanning leather, dyeing cloth, and making chairs.
[Text] [Niamey LE SAHEL in French 29 Dec 82 p 3] 5170

csO: 3419/411

31



ZANU (PF) OFFICIAL FORECASTS MORE WHITE MEMBERSHIP

Harare THE HERALD in English 27 Dec 82 p 5

[Article by Davison Maruziva]

[Text]

ZIMBABWE

ZANU (PF) believes that the majority of white Zimbabweans will join
it next year, its national organising secretary, Cde Maurice Nyagumbo,

has said.

“We believe that ZANU
(PF) will continue to have
followers from minority
parties and also from the
white sections of our
country. We had quite a
number of whites joining
us in 1982 and we believe

jo! yagum|
Oia the Herald in an inter-
view on Christmas Eve,

Next year, Cde_ Nya-
gumbo said, he would want
to see more party politic
seminars. :

“Our whole population
should be thoroughly edu-
cated on the party policies
and thelr significance. The
importance of our party
policies is that no single
individual should consider
himself more important
than other people.”

“he need for political
seminars among
members was great and,
“we should continue to
educate our people along
socialist lines because
some people believe that
socialism means not hav-
ing to work any more and
some believe that it means
nationalisation of every-
thing”.

HARD WORK

“But the correct version
of our socialism is that it
means hard work and
equal rights for everyone,
It is, in fact, social jus-

tice that we need and that
all goods and _ services
should be equally distri-
buted. But these goods
have to be worked for
because We do act get
them from heaven, like
manna, and so emphasis
now should be production
and in thig semi-
mars are very important
in that they will help the
realisation of socialism.”
Party political seminars
were essential - because
they helped outline the
specific duties of party
members at the various
Jevels and how (mem-
bers) should organise
themselves at village, dise
trict and provincial levels.
He also wanted village
committees, cells, branch-
es, districts and provinces’
to begin preparing for the
party's congress, which it
e party's restructuring
exercise throughout the
country was completed
soon, would be held next

year.
Cde Nyagumbo said that
ZANU_ (PF) attached

greater significance to the
village committees and the
party’s urban cells, “We
believe that this 1s where
the party actually is and
that the people in these
areas should know what
the party leadership or
Goverament intends to do.”

It was the avowed inten-
tion of the party that

156

whatever laws the Govern-
ment implemented, they
should have the backing of
the people, The party also
wanted to hear of the
people’s needs and griev-
ances, .
The formation of the
partys women’s and
youth wings had already
been accomplished in the
Masvingo, Midlands and
Mashonaland Central
reas, Cde Nyagumbo
said. 7
After the organisation
of the youth wing of the
party, he said, Zimba-
bwe’s young: people should
then proceed to have their
own projects, which “must
be productive as well as
useful to the country’s

economy”. -

On the joining fees for
the new members,
Cde Nyagumbo said the
amount required of a new
member was 50c and that
someone renewing or
being reissued with 3
new card in place of an
‘old one needed to pay 20c. _
Any member getting a
card should {mmediately
insist on being given an
official receipt which
should reflect the amount
paid. :
‘He was also investigat-
ing reports.of a party
branch in Harare that
was allegedly charging
$10 a card for new mem-
bers and in Manicaland



WHILE the participation or otherwise of
the Labour Party in the new constitu-
tional set-up is of considerable impor-
tance to the Government — insofar as it
will give its plans some credibility and
increase its chances of workability in
the short-term — it is of little conse-
quence in determining the broader re-
sponse of the coloured community and

e future prospects of the plans.

The Labour Party appears to have only
minimal support in the urban coloured com-
munity, although it still has some sort of
political power-base in the more conserva-
tive rural areas through its participation on
the Government-sanctioned management
committee system.

But in the densely-populated Cape Flats —
where the Government's plan will stand or
fall — political mobilisation has moved to the

ts level where an increasingly
powerful coalition of democratically-struc-
tured community organisations, civic bodies
and trade unions are winning respect in their
fight for a better deal on bread-and-butter
issues. -

‘The Cape Areas Housing Co-ordinating
Committee (Cahac) is a long name for the
body that co-ordinates the activities of 24
civic bodies active in the coloured townships.

In a rents action earlier this year Cahac
collected 41 000 signatures from angered resi-
dents giving some indication of its support in

the community when a campaign is

underway. -

At a recent meeting with the chairman,
national secretary two members of the
steering committee, I sought the organisa-
tion's attitudes to the Government's constitu-
tional proposals and what role they were
likely to play in attempts to implement the

proposals. ora

‘The four people I met with asked that their
names should not be published and that the
views expressed should be regarded as repre-
sentative of the organisation. So I will refer to
them as the committee. 7

‘The committee was highly sceptical of the
findings of Prof Lawrence Schlemmer of the
University of Natal in a survey in September
that 70% of the coloured community were in
favour of political parties or groupings co-
operating with the plans to secure a better
deal, while 39% were prepared to go into the
system to improve it.

“If one looks at the propaganda that was
being projected around the proposals at the
time of the survey the findings are perhaps
understandable,” the committee saic

“We don't have a television network and we
don’t control the media so what we can do is
very limited by comparison. Pitching ques-
tions at people does not always secure an
accurate reflection of what people are think-
ing. We don’t think one needs to attach much
weight to:a survey like that:”

They said, however, that there were not
that many people in the community who had
a total understanding of the Government's
plans and Cahac faced an educational chal-
Jenge to expose the proposals for what they

were.

“At this point people in the community do
not perceive the threat of the PC (President's
Council) proposals in the same way the lead-
ership does.

56

“The activity so far has-been fairly low-"
key. But it will pick up in time. A lot will
depend on the credibility of the community
organisations and the conditions in the com-
munity at the time.

“There have been suggestions of setting-up
anti-PC committees and conducting work-
shops on the proposals as part of an educa-
tional campaign,” the committee said.

‘The committee said that the PC proposals
had been rejected by Cahac following a com-
munity workshop in June.
mat proposals were rejected on the grounds

at:

@ The Government was seeking to co-opt
coloureds and Indians to assist in the border

war.

@ They would not pevent increased unem-
ployment and guarantee work in a recession.
@ They would not assist in allowing workers
to join the trade unions of their choice.

@ They would not restore residential areas
that had been taken away from the people nor
enable them to live where they chose nor
make better accommodation available at

ices the people could afford.

@ They would not guarantee better educa-
tional facilities nor redress the
had precipitated the 1980 uprisings in the _

schools. :

“In short it was agreed that the proposals
‘were not intended to change the conditions
that govern our lives,” the committee said.

“On the contrary it was decided that the
proposals were designed to separate the elite

the broader mass of the people and to
break the growing unity among all sections of
the oppressed. 4 .

“The proposals are little more than an
attempt by the ruling elite to buy time,” the
committee said. -

‘The committee said that the democratic
trade unions had not come out very strongly
‘on the PC proposals, because by the nature of
their membership they were involved in
more immediate issues and had responded
strongly to the Orderly Movement and Settle-
ment of Black Persons Bill which was part of
the same deal.

Cahac said, however, that when it came to
mobilising the community there would be
liaison with not only trade unions, but all the
major churches — which had rejected the

posals — as well as other community

organisations.

“Cahac will seek alliances with all those
who stand in opposition to the Government's
constitutional proposals,” the committee

said.

‘The Cahac committee stressed, however,
that resistance would have to be preceded by
a thorough educational programme and it
would have to be broad-based.

‘Another community worker not connected
with Cahac said that the holding of elections
on the Cape Flats would give the community
a badly-needed issue to unite on.

“1981 has been a quiet year in the commun-
ity and people are looking for an issue to take

up.

“] think the constitutional proposals could
become a major issue if the Government tries
to implement them next year.

“But we will need to build up a sound basis
for our rejection — possibly by insisting on a



GOVERNMENT REVIEWING SMALL SCALE GEM MINERS' LICENCES

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 6 Jan 83 p 1

(Text]

cso:

THE GOVERNMENT ts
reviewing mining licences ~
of some small scale miners
tie are cheating the com-
try out of foreign exchange
by undervaluing — their
exports. of semi-precious .
stones. -

Minister of Mines, Mr
Basil Kabwe said in Kalu-
lushi yesterday that semi-
Precious stones which

ling at a high price in New
York while in transit to

gems were valueless.

The minister who is on
a tour of mines, was addre-
ssing mine employees at
the Kalulushi recreation

There was great scope
for Zambians to go into
small scale mining which
could generate income for
them and earn the country
foreign exchange.

Bat as things stood now,
be sald, this was clearly
not the intention of some
miners who were exploiting
semi-precious stones such
as emeralds,. tourmaline
and malachite.

“4 am studying the lice-
nees of some small-scale

3400/573

140

miners. A lot of them are
cheating the country.”

The minister supported

a suggestion by a miner
that there was need to
examine existing mining
facilities and equipment to
see if these could not be
used to develop small scale

operations.

Mr Kabwe also told the
miners that the government
introduced cost-saving
measures for the civil ser-
vice as far back as 1975
and that petrol allocations

question from Mr Webby
Kaoma, who asked why the
government had not insti-
tuted cost-cutting measures
like the mines had done.

Mr Kabwe explained that
upset allowances for civil
servants on transfer, had
been stopped to save

ZAMBIA



MAURITIUS

NEW QUALITY LOGO CREATED
Port Louis L'EXPRESS in French 20 Dec 82 p 1

[Text] The MSB [Mauritius Standards Bureau] logo, the "Mauricert Mark," will
probably be issued to the first product next February. In fact, at its last
meeting, the MSB board of directors gave its support to the admission of a
manufacturer to the pre-licensing stage.

Nine other manufacturers have also formulated requests to use the MSB logo
and their admission to the pre-licensing stage will be decided upon at the
next meetings of the MSB board of directors.

In order for a manufacturer to be able to use the "Mauricert Mark," Mauritian
standards for the product in question must already be established. The MSB
has established standards for about 15 products and is currently working to
finalize standards for about 15 others.

There are several stages to pass between the request to use the MSB logo and
admission to the pre-licensing stage. Several tests are performed on the pro-
duct to see whether it complies with the standards set. These tests are per-
formed on samples at the MSB or at the mill for specific tests, or even abroad
if the necessary equipment is not available in Mauritius. After the tests,
the MSB officials examine the quality control system of the company involved.

If the tests show that the product does not meet MSB standards and if the of fi-
cials feel that the quality control system is inadequate, the MSB advises the
manufacturer and points out measures to take to rectify the shortcomings. On
the other hand, if the tests are favorable and the quality control system is
judged to be adequate, the plant is admitted to the pre-licensing stage.

This stage lasts for 2 months during which the MSB takes random samples to
perform more tests. And, only if the product responds favorable to the tests
will the logo be issued.

An enterprise which receives the logo must keep registers and perform tests on
each lot of its products. It must have the necessary equipment and a staff
that can benefit from MSB training.

9693
CsO: 3419/376 27



EXECUTIVE PRESIDENT'S POWERS EXAMINED

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 22 Dec 82 p 9

[Article by John Battersby]

[Text]

The powers at the disposal of the executive presi-
dent under the Government’s proposed constitu-
tional dispensation have become the focus of
‘major controversy and intense debate. Political
Correspondent JOHN BATTERSBY spoke to
several experts to determine whether the new
.strongman could become a dictator.

IN COUNTERING claims’
that the proposed’ execu-
tive president will have.
dictatorial powers, the
Government — and the
President’s Council —
have argued.that he will:
have no more power than
the present Prime*
Minister. : iq
This stock Government
dismissal of criticism that its“
could set the scene

a dictatorship is an effec-
tive conversation stopper in-
sofar as it requires a consid-
ered response to shoot it

But it is a superficial claim
which conceals a number of:
fallacies.

Professor Robert Schrire
of the University of Cape
Town's Political science de-
partment ent
was technically correct correct if
Parliament had a_ unified
wer if the three chambers

“But the executive presi-
dent will'be a dictator in re-
lation to inter-chamber con-
flict. Here he will have the
final say through the Presi-
dent’s Council, which will be
effectively controlled by him.

“Therefore the president's
power will be a derivative of
the lack of consensus in

parliament” --~

“Given the reality that
there is no consensus be-
tween coloured, white and
Asians on the most funda-
mental questions of the

“sociéty, those powers become

consiferable,” Professor

He caid'ia one dense the ”

latest report of the Presi-
dent’s Council spoke correct-
ly about the “myths of parlia-
mentary government” as it
operated in South Africa.

“Tt is trué that elements of
the parliamentary system
have become myths because
that is the way it works in
this country. But it need not.

“The powers the present
Prime Minister has are not
constitutionalised, but are a
result of the way the system
has evolved.

“But if you consitutionalise
those powers they become
far ‘more significant,” he

= rotessor Schrire said the
president would also have
dictatorial powers in relation
to the choosing of the speaker
of the tricameral parliament,
who would play a critical
role in the new set-up and
who would himself be dele-
gated dictatorial powers for
the choosing of the chairmen
of the various joint commit-
tees, which would form the
basis of the new system.

SOUTH AFRICA



Foreign

Other foreign subsidiar-
jes which rank among the
biggest businesses in SA in-
clude Unilever (food and
toiletries), Hoechst (chemi-
cals and pharmaceuticals),
Bayer (chemicals, pharma-
ceuticals and mining), Pilk-
ington (glass), Ciba-Geigy

aceutic

(pharm icals), General
ic (domestic appli-

ances and electrical mach-

use they are not
xed in the same way as
companies and do not pub-
lish profit figures, itis ditt
cult to compare their per-
formance with that of
commerce and industry.
But in size, the’ biggest
co-ops match SA’s leading
companies.
Sentraal-Wes, the
Klerksdorp-based giant,
with extensive manufactur-
ing and commercial inter-
ests throughout SA and
Namibia, boasted a turn-
over of R1002-million in
the, year to February 28,

* Its assets stood at R831-
million and it employs
some 6 500 people.

Premier Group, in con-
trast, had assets of R634-
million at the end of March
1982, but revenues of
Ri 5041

30000 employees on its
payroll.

Sentraal-Wes is SA’s big-
gest co-op. It is followed by
OTK, the; Bethal-based
group, most of whose inter-
ests are in the Eastern
‘Transvaal the wool far-

giant;
and Noord-Wes Co-op,
The Magnificent Seven

SEVEN years of the Top
100 — that’s 700 com-
panies in all — have
yielded a mere seven
companies that have
featured in the Top 100
in each of the past seven
years.

The elite seven are W &

whose head office is in
Lichtenburg.

‘The KWV, with an annual
turnover of around R60-
million, is smaller than the
Big Five, but matches the
political influence (within
its sphere of interest) of any
listed or unlisted company

or co-op in SA.
*_@TRADING HOUSES.
, Commodity traders cannot
{match industrial or mining
\ companies. in the assets
they own, but their rev-
‘enues and earnings are of-
ten hij than the biggest

pans
Phibro, the US trading
house in which Anglo
American has an indirect
interest, was identified by
Fortune magazine earlier
this year as the largest non-
industrial unlisted. com-
measured by sales.
a ibro’s anual revenues
were estimated at over $25-
billion last year, three
times higher than the
second company on the list.
Phibro’s joot in SA is
Derby & Co, which handles
the sale of large quantities

mineral

im chemicals and

other industrial raw

mat

pay: a safe bet inet
’s turnover is’ hi

than many ‘of the Top 100

companies.

‘The largest South Afri-
can-owned commodit:
trader is Leo Raphaely
Sons, though it was truncat-
ed earlier this year by the
sale of its steel trading divi-
sion to Macsteel.

‘Another locally-owned
trading house which rates a
mention is F R Waring,
whose turnover has

over R200-million
a year. Finansbank is a si-
zeable shareholder in F R

Waring.

@ LOCALLY-OWNED
MANUFACTURERS AND
MERCHANTS. Most of the

large SA-controlled ps
are listed on the ISH, but

A, Pick ’n Pay, TC Lands,
Grand Bazaars, World
Furnishers, Barlows and
Industrial Selections.

On grounds of consis-
tency alone, these seven
are deserving of the high-
“ime

seven years of
the Top 100 means that
700 companies have fea-

96

there are some exceptions.

They include Anglo
American and Barlow
Rand subsidiaries, such as
Mondi Paper, Scaw Metals
and Boart International
(mining equipment) in the
Anglo stable and Barlow's
Robor (steel merchants),
Middelburg Steel and Al-
Joys and the group’s domes-
tie appliance division Bar-
lows Manufacturing.

Both Middelburg’s and
Mondi’s assets are worth
well over R300-million, put-
ting them in the same size
teague.as Nampak and PP
Cement. Mondi is the
largest paper producer in
Africa. .

Coalequip, the mining
equipment ‘supplier con-
ed by Amic and Gen-
cor, has made a habit of
itions in recent years
is now one of the
largest companies in its
field.
‘The only other unlisted
Gencor affiliate in the top
ranks of SA industry ap-

small, revenues from
freight forwarding, travel
agencies and trade finance

bly match those of

tured in the role of honour
since 1976, there are, of
course, many duplica-
vos because many com-

ies have appeared in
the list for more than one

year.
Moreover, many com-
anies have vanished
‘om contention as a re-



cso:

3400/574

trust of business by Government is dispelled, but there are signs
that its knee-jerk reaction to private enterprise is weakening.

In the difficult year ahead there can be little room for errors, or
for failures to make the most of Zimbabwe's resources and oppor-
tunities, Free and frank consultation between Government and
business, with respect for each other's different points of view,
should be a New Year resolution to be adopted by those who have
the ultimate responsibility for the country’s welfare.

159



TANZANIA

TANZANIAN PARTY EXECUTIVE ISSUES STATEMENT ON CONSTITUTION

EFA232014 Dar Es Salaam in English to East Central and Southern Africa 1600 GMT
23 Jan 83

[Excerpt] Dar es Salaam: The party National Executive Committee [NEC], has
approved the final set of proposals for the amendment of the constitution of
the United Republic of Tanzania and Zanzibar Revolutionary Government. The
proposal will be formally announced next Thursday.

A statement issued at the end of the 3-day meeting of NEC today says the com-
mittee also endorsed the procedure under which members of the public will sub-
mit their opinions on the proposals. Under the procedure individuals or group
members of the public will submit their recommendations to the nearest office of
the CCM [Tanzanian Revolutionary Party] branches, district [word indistinct]
party secretaries, party secretary general in Dodoma and Dar es Salaam, CCM
head office in Zanzibar, the five mass organizations of the party and the mass
media. Tanzanians who live abroad may send their opinions to the nearest
diplomatic mission.

The statement emphasized that only Tanzanian citizens were welcome to comment
on the NEC proposals, and that the exercise will be conducted between 1 February
and 30 September. Comments submitted after 1800 on 30 September will not be
considered.

The statement also said the secretariat of the NEC would recommend a program of
enlightenment to the masses on the proposals. During its 3-day meeting the

NEC also received a progress report on the construction of the party headquarters
and offices of the National Assembly in Dodoma and decided that voluntary con-
tributions should resume to speed up'the project. The statement said contri-
bution arrangements would be announced later.

The NEC also called on the nation to give priority to food and cash crop pro-
duction. The statement noted because the weather was good throughout the country
leaders as well as the masses should involve themselves seriously in food and
cash crop production. It was stressed that the efforts of each one of us in

all the national institutions must be geared toward making this target a success.
Other decisions (?voted) by the NEC meeting are that celebrations marking the
20th anniversary of the Zanzibar revolution be held at the national level (?in
Tanga) in 1985 to give time for the government to make preparations.

cso: 3400/641
118



KATSINA STEEL MILL PRODUCTION REPORTED

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 14 Dec 82 p 24

(Article by Olu Adebayo]

[Text]

cso:

3400/581

THE Katsina Steel Rolling

Mill sold one million Naira
worth of iron rods in the
first two months of its
operation.

The sales were’made mostly
to local nail manufacturers
who hitherto depended on im-
ported iron rods. ~

Minister for Steel Develop-

ment, Malam Mamman_ Ali
Makele who: disclosed this to the
New Nige: in Lagos during the
weekend said that the record
sales showed that the profitabili-
ty of the nation’s steel industry
might come earlier than envisag-

‘The Katsina Rolling Mill which
is one of the three established in
the country, started production
last September and was com-

missioned by President Shehu.

37

Shagari on December 6.
According to Malam Makele,
the mill has produced 50,000 ton-
nes of iron rods, ribbed-bars and
wire rods since its inception,
from billets produced at the Alad--
ja Steel Complex in Bendel State.
He said that the other two mills
at Osogbo and Jos had been com-
pleted and were scheduled to be
commissioned early next year.
The Katsina mill was/designed

-to roll 210,000 tonnes of- steel

every year in its first phase and
«would increase to 720,000 tonnes
‘at the completion of the third
phase.

The minister disclosed that the
problem of transporting billets

m the Aladja complex site to
the mills would soon be over.
They are at present being
transported by heavy trucks.

NIGERIA



A cloak-and-dagger football tour by an overseas side, arranged with the full
knowledge of the SA National Football Association president Mr George Thabe,
was stillborn when leading black sides refused to play the visitors who were
branded "rebels" and "mercenaries."

Earlier Mr Thabe had denied knowledge of the tour.

The first batch of political prisoners to be granted remission of sentence
were released in the middle of the year. Most had only a few weeks left be-
fore finishing their sentences.

At the beginning of December troops of the SA Defence Force attacked houses
used by the ANC in Maseru.

For several hours the raiders attacked the group of ANC men. Civilians were
caught in the crossfire and, when it was over, more than 40 people had lost
their lives and several houses had been destroyed.

The funeral of the victims of the strike attracted thousands of people, in-
cluding the man perhaps most wanted by the South African authorities, Mr
Oliver Tambo, president of the ANC.

For several families, the year ended on a more cheerful note with the re-
lease from Robben Island of six former officials of the South African Stu-

dents Organisation. They were each serving six-year sentences and were re-
leased in time for Christmas.

CSO: 3400/575

79



Three Cooperation Agreements With Ethiopia Signed

(THE HERALD, 23 Dec 82).......- Ane eee nee een tense eeneee 151
Riddell Disputes Article on Devaluation

(BUSINESS-HERALD, 23 Dec 82)....eeeceecessecencnccceee eevee 152
Libya's Gift Helps Party Press

(THE HERALD, 22 Dec 82)...... see cece eee een rece eee eeeeeeee 154
ZANU (PF) Official Forecasts More White Membership

(Davison Maruziva; THE HERALD, 27 Dec 82)......ceeeeeeeee «. 156
End of Post-Independence 'Honeymoon' Reported

(Editorial; THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 24 Dec 82)...... eee eens 158
French Aid Offer Deal--Reported

(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 24 Dec 82)..... eae e ewan ene een sees 160
Success of Direct Sales of Maize Reported

(THE HERALD, 29 Dec 82)...scceeeecececceeenvees see e eee ene 161
Briefs

Zimbabwe-Algeria Commission Meeting 162

Fuel Supply to Algeria 162

Fuel Supplies Increase 162

Tobacco Sales to Ethiopia 163



JPRS 82792

2 February 1983

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2757

CoNTENTS

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

Foreign Minister Says SDAR To Attend OAU Meetings

(AFP, 21 Jan 83).. seer eee esence sec eeennes 1
Briefs
Decision To Expel Appealed 2
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Briefs
Chad-CAR Commission May Meet 3
Equatorial Guinea Minister Received 3
Opposition Movement Threats 3
CHAD
Famine Said To Exist in Several Provinces
(Isabelle Vichniac; LE MONDE, 25 Dec 82).......... weeeeee 4
Minister Mahamat Tours Information Infrastructure
(INFO TCHAD, 17 Dec 82)...cceseeeececoeeee eee eee eee sees 6
Briefs
Setbacks for Habre Forces 7
New Officials Appointed 7
Chad Ratifies PANA Convention 8
CONGO
Romanian Financed Textile Factory Opened
(ETUMBA, 31 Dec 82)....... see e eee eeeee sean eeeees nee eee 9
ETHIOPIA
National Wealth Management Key to Economic Development
(Editorial; ADDIS ZEMEN, 24 Oct 82).... »~ i

-a- [III - NE & A - 120]



SOME FIRMS MIGHT HAVE HAD TO CLOSE WITHOUT PRICE INCREASES

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 5 Jan 83 p 1

[Excerpt] SOME PRIVATE compa-
nies and parastatal orga-
nisations would have been
forced to close down had
the government not reva-
mped the price control
mechanism and. allowed
them to charge economic
prices, Minister of Mines,
Mr Basil Kabwe said in
Chililabombwe.

Addressing ZCCM Kon-
kola division management,
members of the "Party
committees at places of
work, Mineworkers Union
of Zambia, (MUZ), branch
officials, at Croaking Frog
mess on Monday, Mr
Kabwe said most of the
companies and parastatal
organisations were _ not
operating full capacity

due to lack of materials
caused by the lack of fo-
reign exchange.

Mr Kabwe who is on a
familiarisation ‘tour of
mines on the Copperbelt

cso: 3400/573

142

said, if the government
had not taken its decision
to control the pricing me-
chanism, several compa-
nies would have been clo-
sed and workers laid off.

The government had ta-
ken such a decision in
order to allow some co-
mpanies to continue ope-
rating and maintain their
labour forces,

By revoking the price
controls the Party and its
government were not su-
;rétidering ther to the co-
mpanies because meastires
have already been taken to
ensure that such companies
do not increase their prices
at random.

The newly established
prices and incomes commi-
ssion and the consultative
council on prices and inco-
mes would ensure that
people were not exploited
by these firms.

ZAMBIA



NPP RESOLUTIONS INCLUDE CHANGE OF NAME
Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 21 Dec 82 p 40

[Article by Tari Febabor, P.H]

[Text]

cso:

E Nigerian Peo-.

ple’s Party (NPP),
has resolved «to
change its name to
the Progressive Peo-
ple’s Party (PPP).

The change shall be-
come effectivé as soon
as FEDECO gives its
consent to the new
name.

This was one of the
resolutions contained
in the communique at:
the end of the party’s
two-day fourth na-
tional . convention:
which ended in Port
Harcourt, Rivers
State on Sunday.

. The communique was
read by the party's
national publicity secre-
tary, Chief Edward
Kobani.

Other resolutions pas-
sed were as follows:

°To amend article 43
cf the party's constitu-
tion by changing the
symbol of the party.

°The new party sym-
bol shall now be “the
people under the shelter.
of umbrella". ~

Also to be changed is
the party's flag colours,
now to be of three verti-
cal colours of leaf green
on the left, white in the
middle and red on the

3400/582

34

right.

On the white back-.
ground. shall be a yellow
umbrella __‘‘protecting
the people”.

°To endorse and wel-
come, the decisions of
the PRP led by. Dr.
Michael Imoudu and the
declaration by the
various GNPP gover-
nors to contest on the
platform of the NPP and.

“mandate the NEC to

work out the details.

eThat the convention
passed a vote of implicit
confidence in the natio-
nal chairman and re-
elect him to serve ano-
ther term in-office.

*That elections to all
national offices be put
off till a future date and
all national officers to re
main in office till such a
date. 7

¢The convention fin-
ally resolved to place on
record the tremendous
contributions of Chief
Melford Okilo and in-
deed the people and go-
vernment of Rivers
State to the success of
the convention.

Chief Kobani did not.

forget to thank news-
men whose contribu-
tions he said led to the
success of the conven-
tion.

NIGERIA


cso:

sector. ‘

In all likelihood the
direct. results would be to
create shortages, even of
essential items, to lead to
a drop in employment and
quicken overall domestic
deflation which Govern-
ment is trying so hard to
avoid. Evidence from
other countries also in-
Gicates that it would be
precisely the smal} in-
digenous firms that are
first affected if the logic
of the marketplace is al-
Jowed full play in an
economy like Zimbabwe s0
jong protected by an
array of protective
policies.

There can thus be no
argument about the need
for restructuring, the is-
sue is what form this re-
structuring should take.
Even in capitalist coun-
tries it is now widely

ed the planning
should form a consistent
part of industrial re-
structuring.

As a recent article in
the Financial Times ob-
served: “In Japan the
strategy of the major in-
dustrial groups is ham-
mered out in the context
of a genuine planning pro-
cess in-which both govern-
ment and industry are
willing partners”, (De-
cember 13, 1982).

How much more im-
portant is planning in
Zimbabwe where the in-
dustrial base is far more

3400/574

153

fragile than Japan and
wrong choices could, at
worst, destroy that base
and return Zimbabwe to
simply a processor of
agriculture and mineral
products and a dependent
‘Third World economy buf-
feted even more by world
economic forces,

It is for these reasons
that CZI has not only wel-
comed the Transitional
National Development
Plan but has also pledged
its co-operation in’ work-
ing out, a new industrial
strategy for the country
that will entail restructur-
ing the manufacturing
sector to ensure its long-
term viability, its greater
potential for meeting the
demands of the domestic
market, its expanded role
as an earner of foreign
exchange and its ability to
expand ‘backward and for-
ward linkages in the
economy thereby reducing
its dependence on foreign
imports.

‘This is surely not a lazy
approach to economic
Management, it is .a dy-
namic one. And the fact
that Government has al-
ready announced that
there will be a 20 percent
increase in allocations in
the first quarter of +1983
to counter the adverse
short-term effects of de-
valuation indicates a fair
amount of common
ground.



cso:

3400/575

SADF should also openly and unashamedly lobby them on
behalf of the SADF.

In most democracries the Defence structures have power-
ful lobbies in their various legislative assemblies that assist
them in creating the right atmosphere.

One of the most successful forms of psychological warfare
is that of Black Propaganda, the practice of letting the big lie
ride on the back of the small truth. The technique was
developed by the British and the BBC and was adopted by the
Portuguese using their Nampula radio tansmitters during
their African war. These were deliberate attempts to Sow anx-
iety in people’s minds. But a recent appeal by a well
respected Service organisation has unintentionally produced
the same results.

This well meaning gesture, stressing an appeal, over-
emphasized a need that could create an opinion in the mind
of the generally ill-informed public that men are suffering
because of the lack of specialised equipment. In future care
should be taken that the unwary are made aware that
specialised knowledge is needed to avoid the pitfalls that ex-
ist in any situation that is open to psychological warfare.

65



The stoppage was seen as significant in that in involved workers from across
the trade union spectrum and had the silent support in some cases from
employers.

Leading employer bodies voiced protest at Dr Aggett's death. International
protest was raised.

His death in detention led to the mammoth 42-day inquest at the Johannesburg
Magistrate's Court with the ruling announced this week.

Joe Mavi

The independent trade union movement lost another leader when the president of
the Black Municipality Workers' Union, Mr Joe Mavi, died in a car accident in
the Free State in early June.

His successor, Mr Gatsby Mazwi, renamed the BMWU the Municipal and General
Workers' Union.

Mr Mavi shot to prominence during the Johannesburg general strike by municipal
workers in 1980.

South Africa's mining industry was in the limelight during 1982 over a wide
range of issues.

--A deadlock in wage negotiations between the Chamber of Mines and the Council
of Mining Unions resulted in a threat of a strike ballot by unionists. The
ballot was narrowly averted with a 12 percent wage settlement.

--Black mineworker unions were active in the industry, with three [word il-
legible] granted access to Chamber mines to recruit members. Cusa's National
Union of Mineworkers was established at the end of July and has made in-roads
into the mining industry.

--The eight-member Council of Mining Unions dissolved and the new Confedera-

tion of Associations and Mining Unions was born encompassing official associa~
tions. The confederation had an ominous start when it rejected membership of
the largely coloured Federated Mining, Explosives and Chemical Workers' Union.

--The Mine Surface Officials’ Association tackled the Chamber of Mines with
two disputes, largely dealing with wages, another is still the likelihood of
future troubles over the issue of allocation of occupations.

@ The wage issue were arrested and some
also sparked wide- died during the unrest.
spread unrest at gold Ineffective worker rep-
mines in the Gold resentation was seen as
Fields and Gencor mi- a factor in the unrest.
ning houses in early In June the Intimida-
July with black mine- tion Act came into
workers protesting and ‘being and was viewed
in some cases rioting. by trade unions as a
More than 1000 were weapon to _ interfere
dismissed, hundreds with union activities.

74



076193

JPRS 82792

2 February 1983

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2757

FBIS

{Reprowuceo BY

NATIONAL TECHNICAL J...
INFORMATION SERVICE

US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE :
SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 sets



Life Assurance:

seksneaeesorsags

tC ERE?
crc

~ gaan Bags 2 SO

25.3%

253%

251%

2 6 BOR
ash

Use

: 27%
ve 22%
wee 2%
“ 20%

Bes

WIS
240% -
23%

é 25% °
AML: SA Breweries Dees Baier

92/06/30"
32/06/30:
82/06/30
82/02/28:
82/03/31
31/12/31
81/12/31
92/03/31:
82/06/30
31/12/31
82/06/30
31/12/31
32/06/30
82/06/38.
32/06/30:
92/06/30
“82/02/31 ,

Pumping Lifeblood Into Business

‘YHE achievements of the life insurance industry in South Africa are
frequently and understandably projected into the media in marketing
terms. .

For instance, in the highly ‘competitive field in which the industry operates in
this country, publicity is largely extended by individual life offices to the
impressive growth of premium and-investment income and of benefits

distributed. :
Less frequently is the
collective role Ahe indus-
lays in the econonty

soe abole underlined. ¥
This applies particular-
ly to its achievements in
marshalling much
sought-after capital re-
sources for the corporate
and public sector growth,
anon-inflation-

ary way.
wing aside the pri-

mary function of the in-
dustry — the securit

which . the poticyholaee :

and his dependants enjoy
in the Provision of income
against future happenings
such as death, dability
and retirement — the in-

“dustry is playing an is-

creasingly important role -
in making substantial re-
sources available for ur-:
gently needed develop-
ment in South Africa.

The most recent statis-
ties issued by the Life Of-
fices Association (LOA),
central body for the in-
dustry, show~that in the
past six months ended 30
June, 1982, total capital
for investment was being
generated by member
companies af the rate of
almost R12-million per
working day.

Total assets, reflecting
security against future

“¢laims’ to be met by theTM

industry and Toa al
investments held in |
sectors of the economy, ‘
stood at RIS 700-million:
een that date.

‘Spread over the entire!
“pation this represents,

600 for every man,

=woman and child in the’
Republic. -

Contribution :

-The year-end: figures
for 1981 for the industry
show that, against total
Gross Domestic Product
‘of R65 500-million, life in-
surance contributed
R2 580-million. (Com-
parative figures for Aus-
tralia for 1979 were
:A$89 600-million: and
A$1l 200-million.
respectively.)

1981 figures (shown
in ate accompanying
table) illustrate the enor-..
mous contribution: of the
life industry to South Afri-
ca’s savings and invest-
ment needs:

Compared with the
R2 340-million-odd con-
tribution made by person-
al savings in 1981, more
than. - R2.500-million
(109% of the net total)
was provided by life
assurance.

100

;,. This indicates ‘that; on®
balance, South Africans
reduced their non-life as-
Surance savings substan-

tially int 1981.
The industry’s total in-
vestments of 14 500-mil-

lion at the end of 1981 re-
presented .a claim of
almost one rand in every
12 against South Africa’s
entire capital stock.

-- Support
--The industry, through :

_its prescribed invest-

ments, lends great sup-
port to the public sector
where securities in-
creased by R1 530-million-
at the of 1981 to reach
a total of R6 349-million
or 43,7% of all assets held.

‘The latest available fig-
ures show that public sec-
tor securities held by the
industry in this country
have climbed to R7 005-
million or 45% of all as-
sets held.

In addition, discretion-

ary investments rose to
Ba 170-million (20%) and -
Property investments to .
R2 650-million (16,8%).

So, in addition to its di-
réct investment in gov-
ernment, municipal and
corporation stocks, which
helps to provide South


UGANDA

BRLEFS

MUWANGA ACCUSES MP‘S--Kampala, 21 Jan (AFP)--Uganda‘'s Vice President Paulo
Muwanga has publicly accused two opposition members of parliament and a Roman
Catholic priest of supporting anti-government guerrillas. Mr Muwanga was
speaking at a rally at Kibibi Trading Center 64 km (40 miles) outside Kampala,
where 18 people were murdered early this week. Among the dead was the local
branch chairman of President Milton Obote‘s ruling party, the Uganda People's
Congress [UPC], his entire family and three policemen. Mr Muwanga identified
the democratic party members of parliament supporting the rebels as Professor
Yoweri Kyesimira and Evaristo Nyanzi. He said he too had been named in a
written statement by Sajjed Haider Soori, a Pakistani national who was ar-
rested last month and charged with waging war in Uganda. He said both Prof
Kyesimira, the shadow minister for higher education, and Mr Nyanzi, who is
shadow finance minister, were reported to have made at least 15 visits to
rebel camps, according to Mr Soori's statement. The statement had also im-
plicated a Roman Catholic parish priest in Katende Village, southwest of
Kampala, Mr Muwanga said, but he did not name the priest. He said Uganda's
Roman Catholic Cardinal Emmanuel Nsubuga had been informed about the activ—
ities of the priest, who was alleged to help recruit rebels and supply them
with food. Mr Muwanga, who is also defense minister, went to address the rally
at Kibibi yesterday with the army commander, Major General Tito Okello, fol-
lowing the massacre by unknown gunmen. The districts near Kampala are strong~
holds of the opposition party and have been scenes of regular anti-Ubote
guerrilla activities since the opposition parties accused the UPC of rigging
the results of the December 1980 general elections. [Text] |AB211017 Paris
AFP in English 0952 GMT 21 Jan 83]

GUERRILLA INCIDENTS--Kampala, 24 Jan (AFP)--hirty people are reported to
have been killed and several wounded on Friday when gunmen believed to be
anti-goverment guerrillas opened fire on a bus 26 miles (23 km) north of
Kampala. According to a Kampala vernacular daily THE UGANDA POST, the bus
was ambushed on the Kampala-Gulu Road as it stopped to drop a passenger at
Kalule Village. In another incident the same day, President Milton Obote's
escort driver was killed by unidentified gunmen along the Kampala-Entebbe
Road, 10 miles (16 km) outside the capital. Sergeant Solomon Ogola, a Kenyan
employed in the president's security unit, was driving his personal car at the
time. ‘The previous weekend, 1% people were massacred at Kibibi Village, 40
miles (64 kms) west of Kampala, when unidentified gunmen raided the area.
[Text} |AB240935 Paris AFP in English 0926 GMT 24 Jan 83]

cso: 3400/620
123



THREE COOPERATION AGREEMENTS WITH ETHIOPIA SIGNED

Harare THE HERALD in English 23 Dec 82 pl

(Text ]

csO: 3400/574

RELATIONS between
Zimbabwe and Ethiopia
entered & mew phase
yesterday as the two
countries signed three co-
operative agreements in
Harare.

Winding up a five-day
official visit to Zimbabwe,
the Ethiopian leader,
Colonel Mengistu Haile
Mariam, told a news con-
ference before flying out
that the agreements
would help to intensify
the growth of relations
between the two countries.

‘The agreements, signed
by Zimbabwean Cabinet
ministers and their Ethio-
pian counterparts, covered
trade, transport and com-
munications, and foreign
affairs.

“We must continue to
exchange delegations to
enable them to share ideas
on the new struggle for
social and economic in-
dependence. This will be-

said Cde Mengistu. ,

Zimbabwe had been &
source of hope for all
African countries because
of the . ‘‘great
achievements made in so
short 3 time under the
leadership of Cde
Mugabe”.

“This country has been
a source of pleasure for
Atrica as a whole because
of the sense of stability
and tranquillity achieved
within short time. Zim-
babwe must be praised be-
cause of the efforts being
put into national de-
velopment,” he said.

Cde Mengistu sald
Africa had overcome
many difficulties, during
the last 30 yetrs and

would continue to change
provided unity was main-
tained. ‘Most of the dif-
ficulties which were sol-
ved during this period had
faced the continent for
centuries,

“The source of all the
problems Africa is facing
now is the situation in
Southern Africa. And once
the people there get their

freedom, very little pres-

sure will be exerted on us
trom outside.”

Zimbabwe was an ex-
ample of a country in
Africa where racism and
colonialism had been
deeply © entrenched. It
underwent rapid
revolutionary change be-
cause the people, the
Government and the
leadership were com-
mitted to development.

‘The Prime Minister, Cde
Mugabe, said Zimbabwe
would ‘honour the
agreements as @ young
socialist country willing to
learn from Ethiopia's ex:
periences. a

“The agreements are a
further step in the growth
‘of relations between the
‘two countries.” :

Cde Mugabe appealed te
African countries to unite
and help liberate South
Africa and Namibia. “We
still hav a long journey
in Africa, and the
stination is yet to bp
reached. We must unite to
overthrow the apartheid
regime south of the Link
popo.” :

Cde Mengistu’s visit hail
enabled Zimbabweans to
learn more about Ethiopia
and the assistance it gave
“to us during the lib-
eration struggle”.

ZIMBABWE



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Africa with its essential
economic infrastruture
such as hospitals, roads,
power ete, the industry's
further investments in
company shares are mak-
ing capital available for
the production of goods ,
and services, bringing,
with it the generation of |
employment. t
In property, accommo-*
dation for commerce and
it as well as for the:
public is being |
provided. . Substantial’
transactions by *
the industry, forther, have
-made it possible for many
uadertakioys to release t
cari previously tied up i
in bricks.and mortar, to be *
‘turned to productive effort::

miumTM income

from R1 100-million in
1977. to nearly 2% times:
that amount.in 1981. -~_

= Over the same’ period,

Share Gains Have Taken a Dive

Article by John Spira

SAVINGS

INVESTMENT

Fixed Investment
Inventory ...

‘Fnvestment Income —
also inereasing the indus-”
try’s potential for further:
investment — rose by’
slightly greater propor-‘
tions, from R567-million
to Ri 369-million. .

for economic growth,
: there is a choice of slower
growth or forced savings.
“To achieve the latter,
higher taxes for an expan-
sion of the money supply:
become necessary, but by
the encouragement. of
1 saving on a regu-
lay and. vohmatry basis:
‘the life insurance indus-?
“try has made a‘notable~
contribution thus far in
helping to avoid as far as.
possible these less effec-.
tive methods in marshal-,
ling ‘the country’s capital:
needs. .. 4. gare

se

A YEAR ago, when Business
Times studied the share price
movements of the Top 100, gains
of the order of 100% to 200%
were not uncommon.

‘This year things look rather different.

Of the shares of all the Top 100 com-
pahies, only 21 have appreciated by more

10%, only nine by more than 20%

d a mere three by more than 50%.

‘The respective figures last year were
‘91, 90 and 68.

‘Quite ‘some transformation, occa-
sioned, of course, by the fact that in 1981
the Johannesburg Stock Exchange was
‘unusually buoyant, while in 1982 it’s been
static.

‘The. accompanying table shows that
only 37 of this year’s Top 100 gained
ground on Diagonal Street. And of the top
five, the share price of only one (Toyota)
moved in a positive direction.

Suncrush (27th slot in the Top 100) reg-
istered the largest share price gain, fol-
lowed by SA Bias (26th), Aberdare (48th),
New Wits (56th) and Delswa (7th). .

At the other end of the scale, the BTR
share price shed a sickening 43% in spite
of its fairly lofty 33rd ranking in the Top

100.
Is there a lesson to be learned from this

101

apparént contradiction? :

‘That share prices do tend
to follow earnings is not
open to doubt. Which is not

ising, since the shares
of a company. that does
better than most will at-
tract above-average de-
mand from the investing
public.

But this maxim general-
ly applies only over a fairly

period of time.

Thus, the shares of
Toyota, numero uno of the

__Top 100 this year and last,

has gained in price by a
staggering 260% since the
beginning of 1980.

- Similarly, Mathieson &
Ashley (9th this year and
ith last year) bas appreci-
ated by 370% over the past
three years.

GIC (2nd this year and
fourth last year) is another,
with a 78% share price im-
provement since 1980 — de-
Spite its precipitate 36,8%

re price fall in 1982.

Looking at the list as it

stands, it isn’t difficult to



GUINEA

BRIEFS

OIL REFINERY TO BE BUILT--Dakar, 21 Jan (AFP)--The government of Guinea and the
Islamic Financial Institution (Dar al Maal al Islami) have signed an agreement
for the construction in Conakry of an oil refinery with an annual capacity of
1 million tons, according to radio Conakry monitored in Dakar today. Work on
the refinery will begin during the second quarter of this year. According to
the radio, it will produce liqueied natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, diesel
fuel and heating oil. The total amount of investments necessary for the pro-
ject was not specified by the Guinean radio. The agreement was signed in
Conakry by Guinean Energy Minister N'famata Keita and Ibrahim Kamel, executive
vice president of the (Dar al Maal al Islami). [Text] [AB211137 Paris AFP in
French 1050 GMT 21 Jan 83]

CSO: 3419/436

22



And though in the findings, therefore, no allowance is made for the contention
that Neil Aggett was a broken man, physically and menatlly, the night he com-
mitted suicide ("as none of the Security Police had noticed any change in
him") yet it censures at great length Mr Auret van Heerden for not having
raised the alarm that Neil Aggett appeared suicidal...to the extent that the
possibility was weighed of arraigning Auret on a charge of not performing his
social duty to prevent a death.

This, really, "takes the cake." Because, in dealing with all the testimonies
by the detainees, the findings completely ignore the fact that these emanate
from individuals who, for months, had been in solitary confinement, completely
at the mercy of the Security Police, and who took great risks in smuggling out
notes, or making statements and volunteering to give evidence in court.

For instance, the fact that the findings linger on discrepancies between the
wording of the surreptitious note smuggled out of John Voster Square by Mr
Morris Smithers, and the sworn statement he subsequently made after his re-
lease, casts doubt on the impartial interpretation of the facts.

This finding, in an inquest which has stirred international interest and was
followed by journalists from many countries, will--regrettably--not go down
as one of the highlights of judicial history in South Africa.

Our deepest sympathy goes out to Neil Aggett's parents, who spent a small for-
tune in pursuing this inquest to its sorry conclusion, as well as to Neil's
friend, Dr Liz Floyd. Let us all continue to revere Neil's memory for the
great ideals of brotherhood, relief and truth he tried to express in his too
short life.

cso: 3400/575

81



cso:

MINIMUM

Eventually a_ closed-
door meeting between
Naawu and the Eastern
Province Automobile
Manufacturers’ Associa-
tion resulted in a set-
tlement with a mini-
mum hourly 2,20
wage and agreements
to further wage nego
tiations.

The auto industry
unrest saw the Minister
of Manpower, Mr Fanie
Botha, announce a R2
million scheme to assist
workers in the industry
who did ‘not want to
participate in strikes. .

The Minister saiq the
funds would come from
the Unemployment In-
surance Fund and
would be used solely
for the Eastern Cape -
motor industry.

The scheme was
shelved with the resok. :
ution of the dispute.

1982 saw another
long-running dispute
between the . South
African Transport Ser-
vices and the unregis-
tered General Workers’
Union. _

SATS refused to hold
talks with the union. _

More than 400 dock
workers were dismissed
during the dispute, and
international transport
unions and federations
as well as Port
Elizabeth-area em-
ployers criticised SATS.
and called for negotia-
tions.

Most of the those
dismissed are hoping
for reinstatement,
though SATS has taken
a closed-door attitude
despite all the criti-
cisms.

While 1981 was a
year of labour legisla-
tion with the new

3400/575

76

Labour Relations Act
and Wiehahn recom:
mendations, 1982 saw
few new enactments.

Some amendments to
the Act which affected
unregistered unions
were proposed. The
amendments proposed
aim to, permit these -
unions ‘access to dis-
pute resolution ma-
chinery.

CRITICISM.

The “Draft. Labour
Relations Amendment
Bill 1983” is expected
to be promulgated next
year, but in what form
no one is certain at
this stage as many
long-established regis
tered trade unions
raised criticisms and
asked why they should
be registered if the un-
registered unions were
being granted benefits
without the red tape of
registration.

September saw a re-
port on farm labour”
abuses being handed
over to the National
Manpower Commission

- investigating farm and

domestic labour.

The report said there
were widespread abuses
due to the lack of
protective legislation.

Next year promises
to be another~ active
year in labour rela:
tions. - 7

The overriding issue
for ‘many. months is
likely to be. retrench-
ments as there is now
no end in sight to the
recessionary “problems
facing South Africa’

‘Wage issues are like-
ly to come up again
soon as public servants
have been promised
negligible increases by
Government officials
for 1983.



CHAD

FAMINE SAID TO EXIST IN SEVERAL PROVINCES

Paris LE MONDE in French 25 Dec 82 p 22

Article by Isabelle Vichniac: "Famine is Rife in Several Provinces"

/Text/ The international conference on aid to Chad which took place in
Geneva in November, has not yet succeeded in bearing fruit. This is due
above all to the administrative void in this country which lacks the
infrastructure indispensable for the implementation of any assistance program.
In addition, international organizations like the FAO (United Nations
Organization for Food and Agriculture) or PAM (World Food Program) are slow
in going into action. Sometimes nearly 4 months elapse between the decision
to supply aid and its distribution.

In order to survive in the province of Guera, now undergoing a drought, the
population stave off their hunger with the leaves of the "famine tree," the
soapberry. Grain was nevertheless sown in the hope, which proved vain, that
the rain would eventually fall; the ants stole the seeds which the starving
tried to retrieve in the anthills. Since the beginning of December, they have
been eating caterpillars. They have to wait for the next harvest, which will
not take place for another year. Such is some of the latest news brought back
by a Red Cross doctor.

After the fears of a Sahelian type famine in June and July, during which
period the UN was unable to intervene in view of the state of war throughout
the country, Red Cross International made initial estimates and specialized
units of the UN, like UNICEF, the FAO, and the PNUD (United Nations Development
Program) intervened and UNDRO (United Nations Disaster Relief Organization)
coordinated the delivery of supplies. Similarly, private organizations,

such as Doctors of the World and Doctors for Regions Beyond notably, applied
themselves on the spot as best they could.

When the rainy season arrived in the province of Ndjamena, the aerial route
became the only one operational, and an air link functioned from 1 September
to 5 October. In the province of Guera, the capital, Mongo, is 300 kms east
of Ndjamena and was not considered a "safe" zone so it was one of the worse
areas supplied.



in Aba, Imo State, while addressing a rally. He said that for the council
to have any credibility, it should be under the legislative arm of the
government. Chief Ojukwu pointed out that the present economic recession
in the country calls for sacrifice from all Nigerians irrespective of their
political leanings. [Text] [AB160720 Lagos Domestic Service in English
0600 GMT 16 Jan 83]

SHAGARI ON MILITARY LOYALTY--Lagos, Jan. 16 (NAN)—-The commander-—in-chief
of the armed forces, President Shehu Shagari, yesterday in Lagos said that
he had no doubt about the loyalty and support of the armed forces for the
constitutional government in the country. In an address, marking the end
of the one-week remembrance day celebrations, the president called on mem-
bers of the armed forces to rededicate themselves to the pursuit of the
goals for which their heroes and fallen colleagues laid down their lives.
The president said that 1982 witnessed the delivery of new, highly sophis—
ticated equipment to the arsenal of the armed forces. Such weapons, he
said, included main battle tanks, a general purpose frigate, missile-
carrying fast crafts, stretched version of the C-130 Hercules and the Alpha
jet aircraft. He stated that the performance of the armed forces in their
international assignments were high and expressed the nation's gratitude to
them. President Shagari said further that it was a matter of pride for the
nation that its military institution continued to offer training to sister
African nations. He stressed that his administration would hold firmly to
the policy of building a contented military force through improved infra-
structure and welfare of the members of the armed forces. [Text] [AB161317
Lagos NAN in English 1200 GMT 16 Jan 83]

EKWUEME RECEIVES HUNGARY'S HOLLAI--The Nigerian vice president, Dr Alex
Ekwueme, has expressed the hope of continuing understanding among members of
the United Nations as a means of solving standing issues. Dr Ekwueme was
speaking in Lagos yesterday when he received in audience the current presi-
dent of the general assembly, Imre Hollai. Mr Hollai, who is also deputy
foreign minister of Hungary, is in the Nigerian capital for the conference
of the Independent Commission on Disarmament and Security Issues. The
Nigerian vice president commended the United Nations president for his task
and hard work. Mr Hollai had earlier expressed appreciation for Nigeria's
cordial relations with his country, adding that both countries had common
goals on most issues at the United Nations. He said these were sufficient
grounds to further strengthen mutual relations between the two countries.
[Text] [4B220936 Lagos International Service in English 0830 GMT 22 Jan 83]

IMMIGRANTS' SAFE CONDUCT REQUESTED--The National Council of Women's Societies
of Nigeria has appealed to the federal government to ensure a safe conduct
of the illegal immigrants out of the country. In a release in Lagos today,
the society said that much as it support the government's quit order on the
aliens, it felt it was morally wrong to molest them. It appeals to the Red
Cross Society to give all possible assistance to the immigrants stranded at
our borders. [Text] [AB241524 Lagos Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT
24 Jan 83]

46



TOBACCO SALES TO ETHIOPIA--ETHIOPIA is willing to increase its imports of Zim-
pabwean tobacco, but is facing foreign-currency shortages, says the president
of the Zimbabwe Tobacco Association, Mr Richard "Tuppy" Wrench. Interviewed
by the Gazette after returning from Ethiopia, where he received the Gold Mer-
cury International Award for the association's drive in exporting tobacco, Mr
Wrench said there was no possibility of substantial increases in imports in
the short-term. "But I think in the medium to long-term, as the situation im-
proves, they might be able to increase their imports of our tobacco. I under-
stand our tobacco forms an essential blend in their cigarettes, and is more
competitive in price and quality than tobacco from other countries," he said.
Ethiopia imported 650 000 tonnes of tobacco from Zimbabwe between January and
October this year, a slight increase on their purchases during the previous
year. The president said the Ethiopians were very anxious to increase their
own tobacco production, currently standing at 1,2m kilogrammes of flue-cured
tobacco and half a million kilogrammes of oriental tobacco, and he had dis-
cussed possible co-operation between the tobacco association here and the
Ethiopian Tobacco corporation. "They do not have the sophisticated research
centres and extension work we have, and they were anxious to pick my brains
and see how I could help them. I offered them the opportunity of visiting our
research facilities", Mr Wrench said. [Text] [Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in
English 24 Dec 82 p 3]

cso: 3400/574 END

163



BLACK SASH FOUNDER ON MOVEMENT'S ROLE

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 31 Dec 82 p 7

{Article by Charles Bloomberg:

[Text]

Lone survivor of the protest organisations of
the 1950s is the Black Sash. CHARLES
BLOOMBERG invited the founder, Jean Sin-
clair, to look back to the movements stirrin;

past, and to assess the present time in whicl

apartheid has become less rigid and verligtes
now openly repudiate the Nationalist leader-

ship of the 1950s...

°WE ACHIEVED nothing.
The Government hasn’t
changed one bit.”

So says Jean Sinclair, mov-.
ing force in the Black Sash
from 1955 to 1975. -

{ She does not agree that her
protests have softened Gov-
ernment policies or South Af-
irica’s structural injustices.
‘Look at the Government,’
she says, “today they are
even stronger. They are en-
trenching apartheid.”

Tough realism or pessi-
mism born of too many false
dawns of change? The
National Party, who still rep-
resent only a fraction of
‘South Africa, are now in their
‘3th year of exclusive power.

So perhaps she is right —
and those who see white su-
premacy in retreat are
‘wrong. Time alone will tell.

But if this is a time of trai
sition — when the Nation:
ists are relaxing the tradi-
tionally rigid colour bar in
selected respects — it is also
a time of intense re-examina-
tion of the 1950s, the decade
when the Nationalists sys-
tematically tightened the
lines of race and went to ex-
traordinary lengths to en-
trench pyramidica! while su-

88

premacy, with Afrikaners at
the apex.

It was also a make-or-
break decade when a variety
of fast-growing protest
movements felt they might
dislodge the Nationalist Gov-
ernment. There was on-going
struggle as the “Non-Europe-
ans” launched civil disobedi--
ence, boycott, and passive re-
sistance campaigns.

But many of the protest
bodies of the 1950s have bit-
ten the dust: such as the
Torch Commando, the
Liberal Party, the Union of
English-Speaking South Afri-
cans (Unessa). The Sash is
one of its resilient, enduring
phenomena.

Largely responsible’ for
this is Jean Sinclair, Grand
Old Lady of the Sash. For her,
“the struggle continues”.

When I ‘suggested to her
that Nationalism’s power is
declining, she replied:
“Where is the evidence? The
Government still . strangles
newspapers, moves hundreds
of thousands of people into
resettlements, breaks up
families, bans critics and de-
tains people without charge
or trial.”

Thirty-four years of oppo-

SOUTH AFRICA

"Black Sash--A Lone Survivor of an Era"]



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

ZIMBABWE-ALGERIA COMMISSION MEETING--In an interview with the Zimbabwe Broad-
casting Corporation, the minister of trade and commerce, Comrade Hove, has
announced that a joint commission of Zimbabwe and Algeria will meet in Harare
next month to explore the areas of cooperation between the two countries.

He said there has been a marked increase in the volume of Zimbabwe exports to
Algeria. Comrade Hove said as a result of a sugar agreement signed between
the two countries, Algeria has been able to import 34,000 tons of sugar from
Zimbabwe. He said under the agreement, Algeria will purchase 300,000 tons
in the next 3 years. The minister said discussions are continuing for
Algeria to assist in afforestation. [Text] [MB210826 Harare Domestic Ser-
vice in English 0600 GMT 21 Jan 83]

FUEL SUPPLY TO ALGERIA--The prime minister, Comrade Mugabe, continues his 4-
day visit to Algeria today, holding further discussions with government of-
ficials. At today's talks, Algeria agreed to send fuel to Zimbabwe as soon as
possible, while payment arrangements are being laid out. During the discus-
sions, the Algerian president, Comrade Benjedid pointed out that his country
should not penalize Zimbabwe because a repayment system has not been finalized.
According to the minister of trade and commerce, Comrade Hove, who is a mem-
ber of Comrade Mugabe's delegation, Zimbabwe and Algeria are likely to sign

a trade agreement in Harare next month. At present, the two countries base
their trade cooperation on bilateral agreements and mutual understandings.
[passage omitted] [Excerpt] [MB211854 Harare Domestic Service in English
1115 GMT 21 Jan 83]

FUEL SUPPLIES INCREASE--Fuel supplies to all sectors of the economy have been
increased. A statement issued last night by the Ministry of Industry and
Energy Development said the increases had been made possible because of improv-
ing reserves and should go a long way in easing problems which have been ex-
perienced in the last 2 months. Petrol has been restored to 75 percent of
basic consumption, which is an increase of 15 percent. Diesel supplies will
be 100 percent of basic consumptions for the railways and fuel [words indis-
tinct] and 80 percent of basic consumption for all other sectors. The public
has been asked to cooperate to ensure orderly distribution of the fuel. Retail
outlets have also been asked to serve all motorists. [Text] [MB220732 Harare
Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 22 Jan 83]

162



1.

cso:

P-

18

3400/575

A few kilometers to the east of Kroonstad is Bossiespruit,
it is here that the Young Instructors are trained at 4F
Squadron SAEC, also at Bossiespruit is the Troop Support
Training Squadron that trains operators for Bulldozers,
Graders and other heavy ‘C’ vehicles. Bossiespruit was built
by members of the School as a typical SAEC installation
and over the years a great deal of practical knowledge has
been gained in field construction at the Squadron.

At the Young Instructors Squadron the majority of the
Non-Commissioned Officer Sappers of the Corps are train-
ed before being posted to other training formations, working
units and the operational areas. here they undergo the Basic
Field Engineer training which is coupled in with Basic and
Leadership training. An important aspect of their trainin:
the use and maintenance of Hand Tools, Power Tools —
pneumatic — power driver — electric, the use of cables and
ropes and their lashing, arichoring and knotting. The
building of field machinery arid aerial Ropeways, Derricks,
Shears and Gyns is undertaken by the trainees. Bridging in-
cludes the construction of infantry Foot Bridges, Main
Girder Bridges (assault) and the Bailey (or follow-up) type of
bridges; coupled to these bridging exercises are the con-
struction of Assault Rafts and floats that can take weights
of over 60 tons across water. Wire and earth obstacle,
weapon pits — created by manual labour, — mechanical
means and explosives find their place on the programme.
The COs from the Young Officer Squadron also complete a
condensed version of this training schedule during their 12
month training period.

Another facet of the School of Engineers is the training
given to Citizen Force Squadrons, they have their own area
with both permanent and semi-permanent installations and
the training that they undertake here is governed by the re-
quirements of their formations.

**Editor: To many the term Assault Pioneer will be con-
fusing; in modern terminology it means an Infantryman,
usually a member of a special platoon falling under the Bat-
talion HQ Company who has been specially trained in
disposing of obstacles that the infantry may encounter. It is
not a sub-standard digger of ditches.

PHOTO CAPTIONS

These trainee Sappers have just assembled an Assault Float
and now the job is to take it apart. The Assault Float is able to
carry a fully equipped Main Battle Tank and is generally used
to cross wide stretches of water but can also be used as a
bridge. With a well trained crew the float can be assembled
and operating within 40 minutes.

67



. MAURITIUS

BRIEFS

AEROFLOT LANDINGS ON MAURITIUS--Questioned about his visit to Moscow and the
possibility of Aeroflot planes landing on Mauritius, Mr Jugnauth clearly ex-
plained that Mauritius intends to pursue a "balanced foreign policy" and to
remain independent of the two blocs. The government's objective is to main-
tain proper relations with all the powers, but without allowing them to inter-
fere in the country's affairs. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in
French 22 Dec 82 p 4] 9693

HYDROELECTRIC PLANT TO OPEN--The Riviere Champagne hydroelectric plant will
go into operation in March 1984. The civil engineering work, which has so
far been 50 percent completed, is progressing satisfactorily and it is felt
that the project will be completed in January 1984. According to the minis-
ter of energy and communications, Dr Swaley Kasenally, the project will in
fact cost 514.8 million rupees, or 125.6 million more than originally estima-
ted. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 17 Dec 82 p 1] 9693

SUGAR PRODUCTION FIGURES--According to the most recent estimates, 1982 sugar
production is said to amount to 687,000 metric tons. The final figures will
not be known until next Wednesday, since the harvest in Medine only ends to-
day. Remember that at the very beginning of the harvest, the sugar industry
had thought that the harvest would amount to 700,000 tons, but this estimate
had to be modified due to poor weather conditions. [Excerpt] [Port Louis
LE MAURICIEN in French 18 Dec 82 p 4] 9693

SOVIET-MAURITIAN FILM PROJECT--The possibility of a Soviet-Mauritian film
project was brought up yesterday morning with the Minister of Arts, Culture
and Leisure, Mr R. Poonoosamy, by the delegation of Soviet filmmakers cur-
rently visiting here as part of a USSR film festival. It was producer—direc-
tor Gleb Panphilov who made this suggestion to the minister during a courtesy
visit. The Soviets propose to make the teams, as well as their technical
knowledge, available to the Mauritians to film the work of a German author,
using the Mauritian countryside as the background and Mauritian citizens as
actors or extras. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 21 Dec 82
pl) 9693

MAURITIAN EMPLOYMENT IN ZIMBABWE--There are numerous employment possibilities

for Mauritians in Zimbabwe, especially in the fields of telecommunications,
teaching and health. A delegation from Zimbabwe, including three high level

28



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT GIVES OUT FISHING EQUIPMENT

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Dec 82 p 9

[Article by Kola King]

[Text]

cso:

CHAIRMAN of the Gongola’
State. Green Revolution Co-
ordinating Committee, Alhaji
Ibrahim Sangari Usman, said
,that the Federal Government
‘was seriously committed to the
production of more food to feed
the teeming population of this
country. ~

Alhaji Ibrahim said this while
handing over fishing inputs under
the National Acceleration Fish
Production Proiect (NAFPP) to
Fishermen Co-operative
Societies at Lau.

The equipment worth 18,759.60
Naira but provided at 50 per cent.
subsidy by the federal govern-
ment.

The chairman said “a lot has
been achieved by the federal
government to ensure that fish is
available to all and sundry as the

cheapest source of animal pro-~

tein.”

He said that the provision of
canoes, outboard engines,
assorted kinds of fishing net
would not only increase fish pro-
duction but would boost the
fishermen’s income to meet his.
other social needs.

He further said that more thar
39,000-Naira had been spent in the

3400/581

construction of fishing infrastruc-
tures at the Lau as well as other
fishing centres in the state.

On the storage of fish, he said a
404 pick-up refrigerated vehicle.
had been handed over to
fishermen cp-operative societies
for the conveyance of fish from
the mverme ‘areas to the big
towns in the state.

At the Jimeta Riverside in
Yola, a combination of fish pro-
cessing plant made up of a 10 ton
ice producing machine and a 10

’ ton fish storage cold room is

nearing completion, he said.

The federal government, he
said, would provide assistance fo
fish farmers and those interested
in agriculture, adding that
fishermen were encouraged to
form co-operative societies.

Alhaji Ibrahim pointed out that
35 fishermen co-operative
societies had benefitted fram the
distribution of fishing equipment
worth 109,468.20 Naira under the
NAFPP.

He enjoined fishermen to take
advantage of the federal govern-
ment subsidy under the Green

Revolution: programme so that

more fish would be produced and”

exported to serve as foreign ex-

40

NIGERIA

change earner.

Speaking on behalf of the
fishermen, the Village Head,
Alhaji Sani Ibrahim, thanked the
federal government for its kind
gesture.

‘Alhaji Sani implored all those
who had benefitted from the
federal government subsidy to
make the best use of the fishing
equipment and increase produc-
tion of fish in the area.

The Chairman of the Lau Fish
Co-operative Limited, Alhaji Sani
Kabawa, called on fish farmers
to join hands in improving their
society. ~

The soeieties which benefitted
from the subsidy are — Lau
Fishermen Co-operative Society.
Lau Fishing Society, and Ibi
Fishermen Co-operative Credit.
and Marketing Society Limited.

A breakdown of the equipment
include four Yahama outboard
engines, 7 canoes, 428 assorted
mending twines, 137 bundles of
fishing nets.

Others are 7,475 plastic floats, 8
packets of fishing hooks and 17
float corks.

The rest are 190 boxes of
Polyform indicators, 6 flat head
sheeds and two lead rolls



He was not referring directly to last year's proposed move to cede Kangwane
to Swaziland, but to the fate of a proposed national development plan which
had been sent to the Department of Co-operation and Development for approval
and completion.

He alleged that the urban representative of another territory had been given
a “posh residence," whereas none of Kangwane's representatives had been given
“even a hovel in which to live and carry out their duties."

Since the shelving of plans to cede Kangwane to Swaziland, 10 members of

the legislative assembly were reported to have resigned in protest and to
have accused Mr Mabuza of rejecting the Swazi language and culture.

On this issue, too, Mr Mabuza adopted a conciliatory tone, emphasising that
eight and not 10 members had resigned.

CSO; 3400/635

109



creation of new states. The demonstrators came from Idah in the proposed
Abiri state as well as Aba, Aniama and Bendel states. The Idah people were
protesting their inclusion in (Eboyi) state. According to the spokesman,
Emia Youje, majority of Idah people had opted for Abia states because they
had common cultural and linguistic affinity with the people of Abia.
Representatives of Abia-Aniama state, however, called on the National
Assembly to reject the demand for Onitsha people to be included in the
state. They contended that the River Niger should continue a natural
boundary between Onitsha and Aniama. Placard-carrying demonstrators from
Aba also appealed to the National Assembly to approve the request for the
creation of Aba state. According to them, the request was one of the first
to be submitted to the National Assembly. Also today, representatives of
Bomadi and Burutu local governments of Bendel state opted to join the River
state. They claimed that during the tour by the House Committee on State
Creation for the purpose of verifying signatures, their people expressed the
wish to join the Rivers state since they had a common heritage. [Text]
[AB101612 Lagos Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 10 Jan 83]

POLICY ON SOUTH AFRICA--The federal government will continue to maintain
its policy of not having postal and other links with South Africa until the
racist enclave reviews its apartheid policy. This was stated by the
Nigerian ambassador to Switzerland, Alhaji Yahaya Kwande, at a meeting in
Geneva with the director general of the Universal Postal Union, (Mohammed
Spoku). The ambassador remarked that the Pretoria regime's apartheid
policy was in defiance of the UN Charter. [Text] [AB131340 Lagos Domestic
Service in English 1200 GMI 13 Jan 83]

ECOWAS BLAMED FOR ALIENS--Kano, Jan 14 (NAN)—-The minister of internal
affairs, Alhaji Ali Baba, said in Kano yesterday that the influx of aliens
into Nigeria had been aggravated in the past few years by the ECOWAS treaty
of which the country is a signatory. In an address read on his behalf by
the director of immigration, Alhaji Lawal Sambo, at the graduation ceremony
of assistant superintendents of immigration, the minister said that man-
power development and the provision of facilities had been given priority
by the federal government to check illegal immigration. He said that a
border patrol unit had been set up to check the number of foreigners enter-
ing the country and called on the graduating officers to be honest, hard—
working, fair and firm in the discharge of their duties. [Excerpt]
[AB141230 Lagos NAN in English 1210 GMT 14 Jan 83]

OJUKWU TO SUPPORT NPN—The ikemba of Nnewi, Chief Emeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, has
finally declared for the National Party of Nigeria. He told a rally in Aba,
Imo State, yesterday that his action was motivated by the need to ensure the
full integration of the Ibo people into the Nigerian main stream. It is
also intended to promote peace and stability in the country. The rally was
attended by prominent Ibo leaders from various walks of life. [Text]
[AB150930 Lagos International Service in English 0830 GMT 15 Jan 83]

OJUKWU REQUESTS ECONOMY COUNCIL--The ikemba of Nnewi, Chief Emeka Ojukwu,

has recommended the establishment of a council of economic experts to
reassess the economic problems in the country. Chief Ojukwu made the call

45



BUSINESSMEN HAIL DECISION GRANTING REPRESENTATION ON PRICES BODY

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 6 Jan 83 p 2

[Text]

cso:

3400/580

ZAMBIAN businessmen have hailed ‘a Government
decision allowing them to be represented on the newly
established Prices and Incomes Commission. :

~"" AniorigTM the “ten “members:
appointed on the commission
is executive secretary of the
Zambia Industrial and Com-
mercial Association (Zincom)
Mr Humphrey Samuchapi.

‘Commenting on his appoint: ©
ment Mr Samuchapi said his
organisation welcomed the
Government’s move ‘‘whole.
heartedly” as it was for the
benefit of the association and.
its members. 4

‘Asked how his members
would benefit from the re-
presentation on the commis-
sion headed by Mr Sketchely
Sacika as its chairman, Mr
Samuchapi said they would
achieve much through the pro-;
visions of the Act. 2020.74

130

The appointments were con-*
tained in the Government
Gazette published. last week
which indicated that Mr Saci-
ka’s deputy was still to be
appointed.

The labour movement,
mines, Small. Development
Industries Organisation’
(SIDO) and Zambia Federa-
tion of Employers (ZFE) are
represented on the commis-
sion.

The Gazette announced that
President Kaunda appointed
19 members of the consulta-
tive council on prices and in-
come and named Dr Henry.
Meebelo, Minister of National
Commission for Development‘
Planning as its chairman.

ZAMBIA



INTRODUCTION OF SALES TAX URGED

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Dec 82 p 23

[Text]

cso:

THE Minister of National Plan-
ning, Mrs. Ebun Oyagbola, last
week in Ibadan, called for the in-,
troduction of a general sales tax.
as a source of alternative
revenue to state governments.

In an address to a five-day Na-
tional Conference on “‘Alter-
native sources of government
revenue” held at the universi-
ty of Ibadan, Mrs. Oyagbola
noted that general sales tax had
been introduced in some states on
a limited scale.

She said that although sales tax
was a potential source of govern-
ment revenue, its administration
would pose problems, and urged
the conference to examine the.
issue.

Mrs. Oyagbola said that the
federal government planned to
re-classify its companies and cor-
porations so that the commercial-
oriented ones could yield

3400/581

41

dividends to government, in addi-
tion to servicing the loans
granted to them. ~

The special adviser to the
president on budget, Chief
Theophilus Akinyele, blamed the
country’s financial problems on
the over-reliance of oil revenue,!
and suggested that ways of ad-
ministering the existing tax
measures should be explored.

The director of the National In-
stitute of Social and Economic
Research, (NISER) Prof.
Vremudia Diejemaoh, urged the
federal and state governments.
not to depend on internal and ex-
ternal loans to offset the declin-
ing oil revenue. _ . .
\ The conference, which ended
last Friday was- attended by.
delegates from the universities
and research institutes in the

country.

NIGERIA



son” ‘Trial ” (1985-61), “by Sharpeville -

(1960), by the banning of the political

movement. And then the tortuous road «
to exile. June 1976 merely confirmed

the cruelty of. the tims

rudely jolted again when I read an arti-
ele by Edward Norman in The Times.
Teee edule “is Democracy realy
z entitl mocracy ly

> Mr Norman restates the traditional
s teaching of ‘the churches concerning
* demiocracy.

¥ _ Such teaching associates it with “in-

” The memory of these incidents was
af

dividual judgment of each citizen” .:. -

“even while democracy operates --

through concensus.

Mr Norman sees democracy as mere-
ly a device whereby a governing elite
and its op] its bring to the masses
ideas they have formulated in order for
constituencies to endorse their claims

to 3
je sees. the contending parties all

‘ ing within a teceived constitution-
*al framework, so that what is actually
vat issue is each party’s programme.
© A democracy cot ily operate
«. within the framework of a wrong-head-
:,ed ideology and promote it The concen

‘sus could also be wrong headed: the
» majority is not always right.
> -. Eastern socialisms are also entitled
to call themselves democracies, ac-
cording to their own understanding of
the ethical nature of collectivism jn the
relationship. between state the

masses. 5 :
‘Mr Norman ultimately concedes that -
democracy is a plausible “filter of com-

peting human’ enthusiasms,” without
a peo claims. Christianity makes

~ Our ‘own idealism of the Fifties, on ~

: the other hand, was rooted in the re-
ceived moralistic assumptions attach-
. ing to democracy. Compassion being at
the very centre of African humanism,

you'can imagine our traumatic bewil- «:
derment in response to the ferocity of »
the State machine once it got into mo-

tion against the forces of opposition.
Another harsh lesson, closely related
to this mistaken notion of democracy,
was our observation of how easy it is for
the Western world to draw a neat and
clear line between, on the one hand,
church morality that passes for Chris-

‘tian conscience and moral action and, *

on the other, political practice.
Each of these, we noticed, has its own
ethic, whatever campaigning rhetoric.
} may tell us about South Africa being a
Christian

country.

In the midst of these experiences —
reinforced by more arrests, detentions,
Baars eae
y, speak apologet about non-
racialism. 4

‘The African National Congress in ex-
ile still talks non-racialism, but in a
way that one chews bubblegum that has
lost its taste.

70

consciousness groups” aud “non-racial-
ism groups” is too facile and falsifies
our political reality, the hint must be
taken that black leadership is not in the
near future going to be the one to set up
bridges as an exercise in inter-racial ‘
coexistence. 3

The question again: What should edu- _.
cation’s role be in fragmented society
denied the cohesion required for it to -
realise itself?

-We have got to believe that while ~
education sets up discontents, divine or
otherwise, it also reconciles, it

But it is not enough to believe this. It
is, after all, but an axiom.
‘Women and men of education should
be planning and executing structures ;
“Wwhiose declaréd objective will be to pro-
vide a base for this axiom to be realised:
Pm not. at all persuaded, in spite of
declarations of intent and belief from
liberal institutions of higher learning,
that they have reached the limit of their
capacity in admitting blacks or creat-
extension services for them.
luc’ more.remains to be done that.
the present token gestures to deal with
the problems of the student's impover-
ished background once he or she has
admitted.

Black faculty should be recruited. It
js a disgrace that, in spite of overtures
to the principals of the liberal universi-
ties, virtually nothing has been done for
the 1500 students Fort Hare refused to;
readmit last October. ‘

’ Why has academic life become so
emasculated in this country? I keep
asking myself. “oa

But then the failure. on the part of:
liberal universities to act more reso-:
lutely-on the whole crisis of tertiary
education for blacks is ical of the
general petrified mood of white liberals

They have become immobilised by
the sheer ferocity and might of the poli- ;
tical authority. 3

‘And so they turn around in circles and
make pleasant noises about black rule;
education for an African future; black- ,
white ratio of 50/50 in the white univer-
sities, bridging courses and academic

standards, an¢ 50 on, while ferry
promise for the “deserving” few
‘out of the out there in the rain..

South Africa is a country choking on.
church and social morality that largely
suppresses the humanistic conscience.

‘And yet a small band of black church
leaders have been influencing synod de-
cisions, and to a considerable extent,
liberalising the open white church es-
tablishment. There has been no corre.

nding process in liberal universities.
mt could be argued that universities,
being heavily State-funded, function
within prescribed limits. ‘

And there exists today at least a
fund ilanthropic goodwill among
industrialists quite unprecedented in
our history, and universities could tap
this for bigger extension programmes
in black areas.

As one of those, by-products. of the:



SOUTH AFRICA

AGGETT VERDICT STRENGTHENS SECURITY POLICE
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 Dec 82 p 8—
[Article by The Detainees’ Parents Support Committee]

[Text] The verdict in the Neil Aggett inquest augurs badly for all future
detainees as, by his finding, the Magistrate, Mr P A J Kotze, has entrenched
the whole detention system as a closed circuit from which there seems no es-
cape nor recourse whatever.

Indeed, one can now well inscribe over the portals of John Vorster Square:
"abandon all hope, all ye who enter here."

The verdict--which could have been written by the Security Police themselves
so much does it strengthen their hand--rejects the testimonies submitted by
detainees or ex-detainees, while it accepts the solid front of testimonies by
members of the Security Police.

It does not even allow for the least iota of doubt that Neil Aggett might have
been subjected to any malpractices.

It surmises that Neil Aggett committed suicide because he had betrayed his
friends and submitted a list of names, but this alleged document with list of
names has not been produced in court, having been ruled privileged information
not to be disclosed.

Thus the finds are partly based on alleged facts which, however, have not been
substantiated and that seem to emanate from the Security Police as some "Deus
ex Machina" to exculpate them from any responsibility in the death of their
victim.

Because victim he obviously has been. He would not have died by suicide if he
had not been detained.

And, though detained, no proof of any guilt has been produced. Not in the
case of Neil Aggett, nor in the case of the other dozen or so trade union ex-
ecutives arrested at the time, all of whom were finally released but for one
who, accused in court, was acquitted.

80



IBADAN BISHOP DESCRIBES COUNTRY AS CORRUPT

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 14 Dec 82 p 9

[Text]

cso:

3400/581

LOVE for money has corrupt
the country, the Divisional
Bishop of African Church,
Ibadan, Rt. Rev. Jacob I. Ateji
said in Kaduna, last Saturday.

“Nigeria is very sick and we
should pray to God to cure her of
her ailments”, he told a large
congregation at the African
Church Bethel at Kabala/Costain
Quarters, Kaduna.

The bishop was preaching at a
special service to mark the con-
ferment of church chieftaincy
titles on three eminent members
of the church.

The members are Chief Festus
O. Peters who received the title of
Otun Baba Ijo (first vice-
president of the church); Chief
Gabriel O.'Shoyombo, Osi Baba:
Wo (second vice-president). and
Chief (Mrs) Grace A. Shayomba,

Otun Iya Ijo (first vice-lady pre-.

sident). .
“Money is, now being worship-
ped by many people and it is

35

therefore dominating their
lives”, the bishop observed.

He said those who were serving
the country were even beihg ask-
ed by the people whom they were
‘serving to bring Toney before
they could vote for them...

He enjoined the new chiefs to
realise that they were servants of
their people and not masters.

He reminded the chiefs that
they were being honoured
because of their outstanding
qualities in the service of the
church. a

He therefore advised them to
live up to their responsibilities
and be prepared to answer the
call of their people ‘“‘at any time”
in order to serve them.

Bishop Ateji told the congrega-
tion not to introduce politics into
the church adding that politics
should be left to those who prac-
fice it.

He was assisted by Archdeacon

M.A. Jawolusi.

NIGERIA



invested in a project, in a factory for instance, becomes too great when
compared with the goods produced by the factory, because of the misuse or
abuse of the capacity of the factory. These are some of the problems facing
Tanzania's islands.

After taking into account the circumstances and nature of specific problems
which add to the obstacles to the economy of Tanzania's islands, it is seen
that there is great need for devising and preparing firm, long-term strate-
gies whose aim should first be to reduce, under all circumstances, this
excessive reliance of the Zanzibar economy on a.single crop--cloves. This
matter has been raised often, but not often enough in relation to its
significance to the economy of Tanzania's islands.

It is also necessary, as soon as possible and through every possible effort,
to increase production on all the islands and to increase exports of goods
[words indistinct] outside Zanzibar. To this effect, it is necessary that
the increase of such crops and promotion of services be sustained with the
aim of their being exported. This is the greatest and most important part
of any long-term or even short-term strategy for solving the problems of
the economy of Zanzibar, because the internal market in the islands alone
is very small. It is insufficient. In other words, a plan for adjusting
the system of the economy, production and services that can be rendered
must not only aim at meeting Zanzibar's internal needs--whose market as we
said is small--but must also be aimed at exports.

The Zanzibar Revolutionary Government, which has been following this ques-
tion closely, is beginning to take emergency steps as initial adjustments
considered necessary to change the economic system in Tanzania's islands.

Brothers, countrymen. I have explained to you our problems and their back—
ground and also the plans we devised together with (?strategies) we will
use beginning this year. We are sure that if every one of us fulfills his
duty and makes his contribution as has been targeted, next year when we
meet, instead of agreeing to be swayed by the forecasts of those predicting
the death of socialism and the death of Tanzania, we will be on the way
out of the calamity that is facing us. It is possible for us to do so if
everyone fulfills his duty.

Brothers, countrymen. Remember, there is no cow that cannot bear the weight
of its own horns. I wish you success and prosperity in the new year.
Thank you.

cso: 3449/16

121



SOUTH AFRICA

INDIAN OPPOSITION GROUP PLANS CAMPAIGN
MB240740 Umtata Capital Radio in English 0600 GMT 24 Jan 83

[Text] National resistance to South African Government's new political
framework is to be mobilized. The decision has been taken at the Trans—
vaal anti-South African Indian Council [anti-SAIC] Congress in Johannesburg
at the weekend.

A steering committee has been formed, and anti-SAIC leader Dr (Essop Jassat)
has said it will launch a united democratic front to oppose the new three-
chamber parliament. It will mobilize resistance on a nationwide scale.
(Jassat) has also said a plan of action is to be formulated to stop the
government's plan from being implemented.

In other anti-SAIC developments, the old Transvaal Indian Congress [TIC]
is to be revived. The TIC was a member of the congress alliance of the
African National Congress in the fifties but faded after some members of
the alliance were outlawed.

Anti-SAIC has also called for a boycott of the West Indian cricket tour,
saying the players showed selfish disregard for the concerns of blacks.

It criticized the handing over of Indian education to the South African
Indian Council, describing the move as an attempt to entrench the position
of a fraudulent body in the Indian community.

cso: 3400/635

105



its oil additives. Of the warranty business, South Africa contributes 60% and
Australia the balance. In the oil-additive field (where the company's world-
wide brand name is Forte), sales in South African are R5-million, Spain R3-
million, Australia R3-million, Canada R2,5-million, the UK R750 000 and Israel
R750 000. The group is expanding rapidly overseas, with particular attention
being paid to aggressive marketing efforts in Spain and certain South American
countries. Joint managing director Pierre de Jager predicts that six months
from now the company's sales force in Spain will exceed its South Africa com-
plement. He says that, to exploit fully the potential of the company's inter-
national expansion, Metropolitan Oils is seeking local or overseas partners of
substance. Most blending of the company's oil additives--a process developed
in this country--is carried ou in South Africa and then sent to the group's
various subsidiaries abroad. [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English

19 Dec 82 p 12]

BLACKS 'UNDER-UTILISED'--SERIOUS problems over assimilation of blacks into
skilled jobs are occurring in spite of a dramatic growth in the number of
blacks who have moved into management positions at all levels. Whereas as-
similation and acceptance of blacks have been readily achieved in some
areas--notably industrial relations, marketing and personnel management--in
others almost insurmountable difficulties have occurred. Blacks are virtual-
ly unrepresented in engineering, technical, finance and general management.
These are some of the findings of the PE Consulting Group publication, People
Journal, which conducted a spot survey among leading cmopanies in the country
to identify problems encountered over the creation of equal job opportunities
for all races. "Only companies whcih have understood the disadvantages with
which the black graduate enters a company and have persisted with formal and
informal programmes of induction and assimilation have achieved noteworthy
results," the journal says. "More often than not companies which set out to
create equal opportunities--particularly medium and small companies--have
failed in their effort to utilise black graduates in production-oriented or
general management positions." Most personnel managers attributed the as-
similation problems ot inferior basic education, lack of technical training
facilities at post-school level, cultural differences and racial discrimina-
tion. [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 19 Dec 82 p 5]

CSO: 3400/576

114



TANZANIA

JUMBE ON ZANZIBAR'S ECONOMIC ILLS
EA141012 Zanzibar Domestic Service in Swahili 1447 GMT 12 Jan 83

[Excerpts] Freedom and its fruits and even the very unity that brought us
independence are being hampered by a difficult international economic sit-
uation which has currently become a major topic at national and inter-
national meetings throughout the world.

Our chairman's clear exposition of the difficult world economic situation
and Tanzania's poor economic position reinforce my explanation of the
complicated economic situation in Tanzania's islands, which depend on only
one cash crop which in turn is dependent on weather conditions and its
usefulness and is susceptible to old age and clove disease, together with
all the other problems that face all cash crops. Nevertheless, during the
19 years since the revolution, Zanzibar has succeeded in laying down the
foundations for progress for peasants and workers by self-reliance. In
general, encouraging progress has been achieved, taking into account the
real obstacles facing Tanzania's islands.

All the problems explained by the chairman show the real predicament of
Zanzibar, which is part of Tanzania. But this predicament is made (?worse)
first by the smallness of the area of Zanzibar, the density of its popula-
tion, and its reliance on only one major cash crop, namely cloves. Second,
the (?worsening) situation is aggravated by the daily increase in the
essential needs of our countrymen, which must be obtained from outside;

and third, the constant rise in the prices of these goods, prices which
bear no comparison with the slight increase in prices of our exports.

These are three new ingredients which have produced this cauldron of all
our problems.

A major problem in this cauldron is our being forced to keep a large
reserve of foreign exchange as insurance against the hardships which may
occur by depending on one cash crop, which has several drawbacks. Keeping
a large reserve of money means withholding it and preventing it being used
to help solve problems. Hence, this means a further restriction of even the
small ability that we have to confront our problems. For this reason,
problems and needs continue to increase, thus increasing the scarcity of
the raw materials, equipment, spare parts, expertise, skills and so on
which would have alleviated these problems.

119



ZAMBIA

ZCCM DETERMINED TO ZAMBIANIZE EXPATRIATES' POSITIONS
Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 6 Jan 83 p 5

[Text] THE Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines (ZCCM) is determined to Zambian-
ise positions currently held by expatriates in line with teh Party and its
Government's policy, a top mine official pledged in Chingola on Tuesday.

Director of Industrial Relations and Community Affairs, Mr Joseph Chileshe
made this assurance when he answered questions raised by miners in the Nchanga
Recreation Club on the slow pace of Zambianisation.

"The people running ZCCM are followers of the Party and are duty-bound to im-
plement Party policies," he said.

Mr Chileshe said Zambianisation is one of the ZCCM's top priorities and he
emphasised that it is being effected on merit.

The ZCCM director, who was in the company of Minister of Mines, Mr Basil Kabwe
and other high ranking officials in the ministry also said if Party leaders
were being victimised in the industry by virtue of being UNIP leaders informa-
tion should be passed to his office for the misdeeds to be corrected.

Commenting on the need by ZCCM workers to form Zambianisation committees, Mr
Chileshe said this could not be done for fear of creating pressure groups
which could be tribally aligned and thus practice nepotism.

However, suggestions from the Mineworkers Union of Zambia for the establish-
ment of divisional Zambianisation committees are being considered, he said.

"No Zambian capable of performing a job being done by an expatriate will be
held back," Mr Chileshe said.

Speaking on the same subject, Minister of State for Mines, Mr Mathew Makayi
said before the Zambianisation Committee was formed, there were 7,000 expat-
riates in industries as against 2,000 at present.

Mr Makayi said Zambianisation was being effected without any damage to the
performance of the industries.

“While Zambianising, we have used the same opportunity to train our own peo-
ple to fill in the vacancies left by expatriates."

csO: 3400/573 143



ZAMBIA

CHILILABOMBWE, COPPERBELT TAKE CHOLERA PREVENTION MEASURES
Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 1 Jan 83 p 5

[Text] CHILILABOMBWE district council has drawn out measures aimed at pre-
venting an outbreak of cholera.

The new measures are contained in the latest council minutes released
yesterday.

The measures include the banning of the selling of foodstuffs in streets and
corridors, the intensification of refuse collection, and constant checks of
water supplies to residents, the minutes reported.

The minutes added that all trucks bringing fish from Luapula and Northern
Provinces would now be required to report to health authorities so that their
fish could be examined.

Market masters have also been instructed to demand for letters of clarifica-
tion from health authorities before fishmongers are allowed to sell their
commodities at markets.

The finance and general purposes committee has also been asked to make funds
available for the purchase of chlorine to ensure that adequate and properly
treated water was available to residents.

Samples of water from Chinfunshi, Milyashi, Kasumbalesa and Tshinsenda
peri-urban areas be sent for laboratory tests.

Meanwhile, preventive measures have been taken to contain any cholera out-
break on the Copperbelt, provincial medical officer for the province, Dr
Vinayak Ganu has said.

He explained that cases admitted to hospitals recently were all imported from
Luapula and Northern Provinces.

CsO: 3400/573

147



JPRS 82792

2 February 1983

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2757

DIG QUALITY INSPECTED 8

FBIS] FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE



MEALIE MEAL SHORTAGE IN LUSAKA BECOMING CRITICAL

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 4 Jan 83 p 5

[Excerpt]

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 6 Jan 83 p 5

[Excerpt]

Most Shops Reportedly Empty

A SHORTAGE of mealie
meal has hit Lusaka and
the situation is ‘reaching a
critical stage in most parts.
of the city.

An_ Indeco . spokesman
said he was not aware
of the shortage but he
promised to investigate.

The spokesman wonde-
red, however, why the
mealie meal —_shortage
should arise when the
capital is supplied by both.
National. Milling Company
and Choma : Milling ‘Co-
mpany.

A ZANA survey showed”
that most shops selling

mealie meal in townships

were dry.

The shortage which was
noticed early last week is
forcing many housewives
to travel long distances
in search of mealie meal.

One housewife who

found State shops in the
city centre without mealie
meal wondered what was
likely to happen if the
crisis continued.

A National Milling Co-
mpeny official admitted
there was a shortage of
mealie meal but declined
to shed mote light on the
matter.

Shortage Attributed to Panic Buying

commodity later this month.

ZAMBIA

THE shortage of mealie meal in Lusaka has been attributed to panic
buying engineered by some businessmen who anticipated a price rise in the

An Indeco spokesman explained yesterday that there had been no change in the
production levels of mealie meal at all National Milling Company branches in

Lusaka.

“The branches in Lusaka have been producing mealie meal at normal capacities.

The Malambo Road branch of National Milling has been producing above usual

levels," he said.

137


Give Us Land, Lots of Land

RAND Mines Pro

first . .appei

‘Business es Top otha

inland tty “
RMP was formed in 1968

every gear sine ten with

since

such tions reflect-

ing a long-term rising -

trend.

Over the Tetained

R25-million at current
values. .

@A major share of the
‘R60-million investment in

the Crown Mines sand |

the com
aut gardens ae lancscap,
ing of the extensive Crown.

Return on Shareholders' Funds--The JSE's Best 100

by John Spira

Mines area and of Ormonde
Business Park, the thou-
sands of Cecile Brunner
rose planted each year and
the quality’ of the
Crown Mines golf course.

@ Assistance in the pro-
vision of public facilities,
the features here being the
10 hectare land donation to
enable the Gold Mine
Museum to be established
and the construction of
roads to improve traffic

@ Involvement in the
preservation es,
with examples including
the total renovation of the

offices,

tablishment of the national

See cenere,o7 Crown

Township develop-
ment, in which sphere phere RMP
thoroughly researches
available information and
undertakes extensive
checks before any aplica-

tions are submitted.

@A marketing approach
w that land

~ based on the vie"

uses must be compatible;
that each new development
must # improve the value of

ual area; and that
customers likely to create

* attractive developments

wall be given be given preference

‘THE accompanying table — which lists.
‘the JSE’s top 100 companies according
to return on shareholders’ funds — is a
new feature in the Business Times Top
100 survey.

It has been introduced to illustrate that

growth in earnings per share (the criterion ©

upon which the Top 100 is based) is not
necessarily the only measure of

formance.
In fact, any number of criteria (or a
combination thereof) could“be applied in
rformance measurement, although
Business Times continues to cling to the
belief that growth in earnings per share is
the name of the game and that ultimately
this is the yardstick which has the greatest
meanin ig fer shareholders.
ividend income is, of course, a prime
gonsideration for many South ‘Alrican

But since the flow of dividends hinges
almost entirely on the course of earnings,
the crux of the issue as to which com-
panies are “top”, reverts again to earnings

Earnings growth per se is not, however,
an adequate yardstick because earnings
can be bought via the issue of shares in
exchange for new acquisitions.

98

old saa taker is heav-
0 preserve ay! involved in sand treat-
ale Loiee The previo: Bene ane Rae milion
residence of the Crown t
manager of Crown Mines) preaching an scale
and numerous donations of
and artefacts to Ws algo engaged in de
the Gold Mine Museum. peloping Ormon de Business
e ition with the — an area six kilo-
authorities in the establish- Fares from the city,
ment of essential facilities where to -
‘such as the route design for ve of F60-million have al-
the N1 western by-pass mo- ready been either commit-
torway in the Crown Mines ted, are under construction
area and the proposed es- or are planned.
Therefore, earnings per-
share (EPS) is the only gen-

erally-accepted yardstick
by which true growth can
be measured.

Pe iPguiens caii"be (and”
have. been) advanced to
advan

sheet ratios (either on their
own or in tandem with EPS
growth) when ascertaining

which companies should
top their respective growth

vefaragement Today, for

example, runs what it calls
the “British Business-Pro-
fitability League”, which
ranks companies in terms
of net profit as a percent-
age of invested capital.

This criterion is listed
alongside others, which in-
clude pretax profit as a
percentage of invested cap-
ital, gross cash flow as a
percentage of invested cap-
ital and gross cash flow as. a
percentage of gross capital.

But the use of balance
sheet ratios has several
disadvantages:

@ If more than one_ratio-



cso:

participate in the new dis-
pensation with a view to im-
proving them.

Only 2% said they would
advise parties to support the
proposals unconditionally
and 8% said that they did not
know. .

Asked how they would
vote, however, if the propos-
als were put to them in a
referendum, 57% said they
would vote against them,
25% would vote in favour and
19% did not know which way
they would vote.

Prof Schlemmer said he
regarded the sample as
scientifically representative
of urban coloureds in the
Cape Peninsula.

He said that while 57% of
respondents would reject the
proposals at a referendum it
was fair to assume that most
‘of the 39% who would advise
parties to participate in the
new dispensation with a view —
to improving it would par-
ticipate if elections were held
for a coloured chamber of
Parliament.

While. Prof Schlemmer’s

survey is the only scientific

_ Study undertaken so far of

the coloured community’s re-
to the Government’s -

* highly optimistic by many

leading figures and commun-
ity organisers in the Capes

areas. 2
Prof Richard yan der Ross,

“rector of the University of

the Western Cape who is rel-
atively sympathetic towards -
the propesals, said he would
régard a 25% poll as optimis-
tie based on the plan in its
present form.

He said he did not think a
large stay-away would be/
caused so much by boycott
action as by a general scepti-
cism, lack of understanding

- He conceded, however,

3400/575

that the community and civic
organisations would play a
part in any stay-away.

“Time will tell whether the
political parties will be able
to crack that,” Prof Van der
Ross said.

He said he could see the
plan getting off the ground
albeit to a very shaky start.

“ will depend on.
confidence built up by the
working of the committee
system, the fruits of legisla-
tion, and the resolution of
deadlocks,” he said.

“However, I would condi-
tionally support the Govern-
ment proposals because they

. do offer some opportunity for

pecele other than whites to
ve some input into the law-
making system,” he said.

“I do not believe that the
NP Government could have
gone much further at this
stage,” he said.

Prof Van der Ross said
that while he did not think it
was realistic to set the inclu-
sion of blacks as a precondi-
tion for accepting the propos-
als, a step to include blacks
would dramatically improve
the acceptability of the pro-
posals among coloureds.

However, Dr Alan Boesak,

“president of the World Alli-

ance of Reformed:Churches,
said the Government’s pro-
posals were totally unaccept-
able because they not only
entrenched apartheid at
every level but also repre-
Sented a sharp departure
from the democratic founda-
tions of the constitutional
framework which South
Africa had had up to now.

“They are the product of
an undemocratic and racial
institution (the President’s
Council) and cannot begirr to
provide the basis for negotia-
tion,” he said.

“The Government must
prepare itself for a massive
Tejection from the vast. ma-

jority of people.

58

“I predict that not a single
leader of any repute will al-
low himself or herself to be
drawn into this system. The
Government will have to
scrape the bottom of the bar-
rel and will have to ram their

jlans down our throats,”. Dr
Boesak said. ‘ei

“The politics ‘of réfusal at
this point in history is the
oni dignified way of dealing
wit! is Government,” he
said.

Dr Boesak also predicted,
however, that the new sys-
tem would get off the ground
because the Government
would “use all the power at
its disposal to make it work”,

Prof Jakes Gerwel, head of
the department of Afrikaans-
Nederlands at the University
of the WeStern Cape, said he
could not see. the Govern-
‘ment proposals as a starting,
point on the road to a more
democratic society.

“They remain an attempt
by the ruling elite to broaden
the base of minority rule
which will entrench the soci-
etal. conflict between black’
and non-black,” he said.

Prof Gerwel said if it came
to elections he would expect
a repeat of the Coloured Rep-
resentative Council elections
which produced about a 15%

poll.

He said while the propos-
als were not a significant
talking point in the commun-
ity at present they could be-
come a big issue if elections
were held.

“The holding of elections is
not so easy to ignore and the
campaign by those working
against participation in an
election could become acri-
monious,” he said.

Prof Gerwel said he be
lieved the Labour Party
would participate in the new
dispensation and that it
would be forced through
without majority support as
the CRC had been.


NIGERIA

BRIEFS -

FOREIGN RESERVES, ECONOMIC MEASURES--Lagos, Jan 7 (NAN)—-Nigeria's foreign
reserves fell from 2.576 billion naira at end of 1981 to 1.10 billion naira
at the end of 1982, the finance minister, Mr Victor Masi, announced in Lagos
today at a news briefing on the 1983 fiscal and economic measures. Explain-
ing why it was necessary to restrain the growth of the nation's external
commitments Mr Masi noted that the consequences of reduced government
revenue on the nation's gross domestic product and the level of economic
activities, that prevailed in 1982 called for urgent economic restrictions.
Mr Masi said the placement of additional 152 items under import licensing
restriction was to reduce the level of imports, conserve foreign exchange
and protect local industries. On technical service and management fees,

Mr Masi announced that existing rates would apply in 1983. He stated that
the existing 20 percent limit on consultancy fees payable in foreign
exchange would continue while consultancy fees in respect of pre-
feasibility and feasibility studies would no longer be allowed since these
could be done locally. Other measures not affected by any change are those
relating to royalties/licence fees, repatriation of dividends, sales of
shares and income. [Excerpts] [AB071932 Lagos NAN in English 1420 GMT

7 Jan 83]

DOCTORS' STRIKE ORDERED FINISHED--Striking doctors of the Jos University
Hospital have been asked to report for duty not later than today or face
disciplinary action. A communique at the end of an emergency meeting of
the hospital management board in the Plateau state capital also said the
striking resident doctors of the hospital are to forfeit their salaries
for the duration of the industrial action. The communique adds that house
officers have been requested to serve an extra period, equal to the dura-
tion of their strike or, in the alternative, forfeit their annual leave in
order to offset the period before they could qualify for full registration
with the Nigerian Medical Council. On the issue of the removal of the chief
medical doctor in the hospital as demanded by the resident doctors, the
board noted that the chief medical doctor had continued to discharge his
duties satisfactorily and therefore had no cause to entertain ‘the call for
his removal. [Text] [AB100633 Lagos Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT
10 Jan 83]

DEMONSTRATORS BESIEGE ASSEMBLY OPENING—-As members of the National Assembly

returned to work today, placard-carrying demonstrators besieged the assembly
in protest against the report of the House of Representative Committee on the

44



7 BT Rex Trueforini Cloth Company Ltd * 36,8  Cloth., Foot, Text

8 58 Gold Fields of SA Ltd . . . 36,6 Mining Houses
- 90 59.._ SA Breweries Ltd . 36,5 Bev & Hotels
48 60 Everite Ltd 36,3 Building & Cons
9 61 Middle Wits (Western Areas) Ltd 35,8 Mining Holding
65 - .62 President Catering Suplies Ltd 35,7 Furn & Household
42 63 Searles Holdings Ltd . 35,3  Cloth., Foot, Text
-76 63 - National Selections Ltd - 35,3° Investment Trusts
54 65 Chemical Holdings Ltd 35,2 Chemicals & Oils
63 66 Vereeniging Refractories Ltd - 35,1 Stee! & Allied
93 67 The Huletts Corporation Ltd 35,0 Sugar
-78. 68 Industrial Selections Ltd * 34,8 Investment Trusts
_- 69-~ The Unisec Group Ltd ~ 34,7 Industrial Holding
~ 66 69° . Metal Box SA-Ltd - 34,7 Paner & Pack
66 71 Grinaker Holdings Ltd te 34,5 viding & Cons
49 72 Pick ‘n Pay Stores. Ltd 33,9 Stores
_ 73 Ellerine Holdings Ltd . 33,8 Furs » Household
74 World Furnishers Group Ltd 33,5 Fu.” + Household
75 —. Argus Printing & Publ Co Ltd 33,0 Printing & Publish
7§.-__ Metal Closures Group SA Ltd 32,8 Paper & Pack
“76... The Tongaat Group Ltd 32,8 Sugar
78 . Carlton Paper Corporation Ltd - 32,6 Paper & Pack
79 Grand Bazaars Ltd. . 32,3 Stores
- 80 Murray & Roberts Holdings Ltd 31,6 Industrial Holding -
101 80 First Union General Invest Trust Ltd 31,6 Investment Trusts
54 82 DiRoyal Investments Ltd - 31,4 Industrial Holding ~
60 82 ~~ Natal Chemical Syndicate Ltd . 31,4 Chemicals &. Oils
75 82 Berkshire International SA Ltd : 31,4 Cloth., Foot, Text
st 85 Williams, Hunt SA Ltd 31,2 Motor.
85. The Lion Match Company Ltd a 31,2 Tobacco & Match _
- 87 — Eastern Province Newspapers Ltd 31,1 Printing & Publish
— "88 -. Plascon-Evans Paints Ltd + 30,8 Chemicals & Oils
_- *\. 89° - Chubb Holdings Ltd 7 : 30,7 Engineering
— °.. ~90.. . The Sterns Diamond Organis Ltd 30,6 Stores.
41 $0 © © Currie Finance Corporation Ltd 30,6 Industrial Holding
400 92 AECI Ltd - . “ 30,5 Chemicals & Oils
— 93 Pretoria Portland Cement Company Ltd 30,4 Building & Cons
92 93 ~ Barlow Rand Ltd ._.- . - 30,4 Industrial Holding
°— +. 95. . Darling & Hodgson. Ltd © att : 29,8 Industrial Holding
“57°... ..96 _": Vogelstruisbult Metal Holdings Ltd ~ 29,5° Mining Holding
—. 97 Central African Cables Ltd - 28,7 _Elect, Elec & Bat
87 98. Garlick Ltd £ 28,3 Stores
50 -99 ° Transvaal Consot Land & Explor Co Ltd 27,9 Mining Houses
58 . 100. Protea Holdings Lid = 2 a 27,8. Industrial Holding

Toast the Blue Bloods!

LAST year’s Top 100 _ Among this year’s
survey made a great Royals, Toyota takes top;
fact that the spot — the first time that
Royal com- the Top 100 supremo has

Again among the Blue
ith no fewer Bloods is Pick ‘n Pay,
i, Which has appeared in
fying for Royal status by ery Royals list since
notching up growth in
earnings

In 1980, only five com- part of the Royals list for
panies boasted blue blood the past three years run-
— the same number asin ting, implying an annual
1979, 20%-plus growth in earn-



including cities with populations numbering less than 10,000, rural popu-
lations and farmer-producer cooperative associations will receive fresh
drinking water.

In this struggle to develop our water resources skilled manpower is a crit-
ical element. Although some are trained at home and abroad, much more
skilled manpower is still required; therefore, the Revolutionary Government
is in the process of reorganizing the existing training institute and es-
tablishing new ones. The Technical Institute at Arba Minch is a good exam-
ple of one of the newly established institutes. These institutes will help
in developing Ethiopia's water resources for the benefit of the nation and
are highly valued by the Ethiopian people.

9948
cso: 3403/13

18



great faith that this experience will help in promoting the progress of
Ethiopia's development. This useful exchange of experience is promoted
through visits by leaders, discussions and agreement among leaders. In the
past, there was a friendship and cooperation agreement between Ethiopia and
the USSR, signed by the Communist Party of the USSR and COPWE of Ethiopia.

The basis of the later agreement is an identity of common objectives between
the two countries, believing that their relationship will become stronger.
This idea has been reflected in a joint communique.

Keeping in mind the interest of the people of the two countries, revolu-
tionary Ethiopia and the USSR will formulate a policy regarding their rela-
tionship and cooperation. In addition to the promotion of a good relation-
ship, the two countries will take strong positions on major international
issues, such as promoting world peace, the release of international tension
and the reduction of arms. The timing of the release of the joint communi-
que is significant. It is issued at a time when international imperialists
and reactionaries, led by America, have increased their activities and in-
terventions in the affairs of other states with the object of achieving
military superiority in the world. With the objective of consolidating its
military position, American activities in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Persian
Gulf and other parts of the world, including conspiracy with reactionaries
and racist governments of the region, have threatened world peace.

These dangerous antipeople steps must be countered. Against this background,
revolutionary Ethiopia and the USSR confirmed, in their joint communique,
their countering of this dangerous situation. In addition to their assur-
ance of increased anti-imperialist and antireactionary struggle, they ap-
pealed to all peace-loving people of the world to take similar actions. The
USSR and Ethiopian position confirms their commitment to international peace.

As has been stated before, Ethiopia, in building a new society, will bene-
fit by learning gained from the experience of other revolutions and the
pbuilding of socialism in other countries. Therefore, it is appropriate for
Ethiopia to increase and expand its relations with cooperation in different
fields with the USSR and other socialist countries. During the recent visit
to the USSR by the Ethiopian revolutionary leader, this issue was discussed
and confirmed in the joint communique. The growing good relationship be-
tween the two countries and their cooperation is not only useful to the two
socialist countries, but will also contribute a great deal to worldwide
cooperation and maintenance of world peace.

9948
cso: 3403/13

14



‘THE ELITE SEVEN
Rankir
Ranking over past seven years hemi

1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982-

Waa 4M 12 1 MOT OT 134
Pick ‘n Pay B 0 4 7 1 183
TC bat 3 12~«6 li 49 98. 226
Grand Baz 7H 2B 1B 6 Mw 8 7
World 0 fe 12 52 83 74 4ST
- Bartows tye or) rr) or sr) Or)
ind Select 82 86 87 92:57 7
Ranking over past seven years

~ 1976 1977 1878 1979 1980 1981 1982

Meteash 16105
ENlerine 5319 43.
Feschini % 38 28
Teaguat - un
Grimaker “u-— %
‘Sa Tannery 59 72 8%

163 5 —
os — 73
3% oT 96,
390k STO
78 65 7
3% 3 @

sult of mergers, acquisi-
tions and the like. et
That only seven have
made it every year is
nevertheless a note-
worthy achievement —

one which suggests that
the elite few have
achieved a high degree of

regularity in terms of
substantial per share
earnings increases,

tong five-fold...

The accompanying
table lists the Top 100
rankings which the seven
have attained during the
past seven years, with the
right-hand column show-
ing the aggregate of these
rankings.

Accordingly, the com-

with the lowest ,
Panking total —W & A—

fills first place among the
elite seven, followed by
Pick ’n Pay and TC Lands.
Significantly, the track
record of these com-
panies is reflected in their
respective share price
movements over the sev-
en in question.
hus, during this
period, W & A’s share
price. has multiplied
eight-fold, that of Pick ’n
Pay seven-fold, of TCL
six-fold, of Grand Bazaars
nine-fold, of World four-
fold, of Barlows four-fold
and of Industrial Selec-

Spare a thought, too, for
the near misses.

Metcash in particular
is deserving of compas-
sion, since even 71st posi-
tion in this year’s Top 100
would have secured a
Place for it among the
elite seven.

In addition, its ex-
tremely high ranking
over the years would have
shot it into No 1 slot ahead.
of W& A.

But that’s the way it

goes. Consistency is the
name of the game. And
next year, when a similar
elitist list is compiled, it
is probable that one or
two more companies will
fall by the wayside.
5 ae Lands and Barlows
look especially suspect,
with their Top 100 tank
ings of 99 and 94 respec-
tively suggesting that
they will be hard pushed
to make the 1983 cut.

The Bigger You Are...the Harder the Top 100 Going

“tela companies (total as-
sets in. parentheses):

@Barlows (R3 688,6- .
million).

~~ @ SA
(R1 507,6-million).

@ Sasol  (R1 232,5- -

million).
@ Remgro (Ri 221,9-
million). >. -
@Amic (Ri 168,2-

million).

@ AECI. (Ri 103,6-
million).

@CG Smith (R948,1-
million).
@ Federale Volks

(R812,3-million). ;
@Sentrachem (R745,5-
million).

@ Anglo-Transvaal In-
dustries (R666,5-million).

Way down

Predictably, only four
of these 10 — Barlows, SA

97

Breweries

Breweries, AECI and Fe-
derale Volks — feature in
the Business Times Top
100... and then only way
down the list, with their
respective ratings of 9,
59, 92 and 41.

At the seme - & is
apparent that size does
not necessarily preclude
growth of well above
average proportions.

Top 50

For, of the top 50
among the Business
Times rankings, seven
(Plate Glass, Tedelex,
Sappi, Anglo Alpha, Fe-
derale Volks, Blue Circle
and Romatex) feature
among the top 50 of the
FM lists.

In addition, Toyota —
which heads the Business
Times Top 100 — was
ranked a high 52nd in
terms of assets by the
FM.



ZIMBABWE

LIBYA'S GIFT HELPS PARTY PRESS
Harare THE HERALD in English 22 Dec 82 p 7

[Text] JONGWE Press, the ZANU (PF) publishing house, is getting on its feet
despite "brutal competition" in the printing world. Yesterday Libya gave it
$24 102.

It was the third gift from the Libyan socialist Jamahiriya for expansion at
Jongwe.

The party's secretary for publicity and information and the Minister of Legal
and Parliamentary Affairs, Dr Eddison Zvobgo, said the Libyan contribution was
"trenmendous".

He said this year the party had concentrated on strengthening the Press.

Several books had been printed by the publishing house, started in the Mozam-
bican bush during the war.

In the new year the workers at Jongwe expect to be able to handle more sophis—
ticated publications.

Cde Zvobgo said: "We are confident that in 1983, with the new equipment
agreed to by the Prime Minister, we should have an enhanced capacity to pro-
duce lots of publications, including the long-awaited Zimbabwe News."

Cde Zvobgo said the firm had realised that competition in the printing world
was brutal and that it took a while before a newcomer like Jongwe could get on
its feet.

The secretary of the Libyan People's Bureau, Cde Omar Dallal, said his govern-
ment gave support to the ZANU (PF) Press because it respected Zimbabwe's rul-
ing party.

Cde Zvobgo said the gift would buy sufficient paper for the coming year. This
week the company had to buy about $18 000 worth of paper.

In the beginning Jongwe experienced many flow problems, and had to ensure that
current loans were repaid.

154



CSO:

3400/574

he was probing a claim
that people there were
being charged _ between
$7 and $9 for party mem-
bership cards,

“{ want people to know
and understand that the
public should be safe-
guarded and that they
should not pay more than
50¢ for joining and 20c for
replacing old cards.”

NO THREAT

‘Asked whether there
was no threat to the party
from minority party mem-
bers seeking to join ZANU
(PF) as a means of hijack
ing the party, Cde Nya-
gumbo said there was no
serious threat, but added,
“it is equally proper fo"
any member of the parts
to be vigilant especially t
those joining us for the
first time and are coming
from minority parties”.

Last month, the Deputy
Minister of Youth, Sport
and Recreation,  Cde
George Rutanhire, is
also a ZANU (PF) MP
for Mashonaland Central
as well as the party's
political director, warned
of a “master plan” by
mere uate

iy tra!
their members under the
guise that they were de-
fecting from their parties
to join ZANU ( .

‘de Nyagumbo said that
the party had made a
regulation which stated
that any member of a for-
mer political party joining
ZANU (PF) had to re-
main a member of ZANU
(PF) for two years before
he could be allowed to hold
an executive post or be-
come a member of the
party’s village, district or
provincial conimittee.

“He should remain an
ordinary member of ZANU
(PF) for two years and
prove that he is loyal to it
and show that he follows
party discipline and pol!-
cies before he can hold any
party post at any level.”

157



SUCCESS OF DIRECT SALES OF MAIZE REPORTED

Harare THE HERALD in English 29 Dec 82 p1

[Text]

cso:

3400/574

BULAWAYO.

AN experiment to: make
maize available to Mata-
beleland’s _drought-hit
rural people ‘directly from
the Grain Marketing
Board has proved a suc-
cess,

The scheme was launch-
ed by the Government last
month in an effort to
blunt the effects of the
drought and the critical
shortage of mealie-meal.

Kezi and Binga were
chosen for the trial and
yesterday the District
Administrator for Matobo
(Rezi), _Cde —_Nephat
‘Ndlovu, said his office had
received a trial consign-
ment of five tonnes.

This had been sold- out
and he now awaited be-
tween 10 and 15 tonnes
more grain.

It was being sold at
$13 per 90kg bag, the
same price charged by the
GMB.

‘The maize was sent to
distribution points through-
out the district on a pre-
arranged day and. local
people gathered there to
ay their requirements,

It was not possible to
find out how the exercise
had been carried out in
Binga.

Meanwhile, a check
showed that some traders
were not observing the
maximum mealie-meal re-
tail prices announced by
the Government recently,

On December 16 the
Government announced
new national mealie-meal

161

prices, fixing the price of
a. 50kg pack of roller
meal — the most popular
staple — at $6,99.

‘This was made possible
by reducing the transport
costs from around $13 to
$6 per tonne.

But retailers in Kezi,
Mberengwa, Plumtree and
Lupane’ were "yesterday
selling 50 kg packs at be-
tween $9 and $10.

-In Bulawayo some
traders were charging up

to $8.

Country traders said
they were marking up on
the fixed price to recover
the cost of transport. A
Lupane businessman said
he still paid $27 a torine to
get stocks to his store,

“If the Government
stopped us charging for
transport, there would be
no point in stocking
mealie-meal at all. and the
public would suffer,” he
said.

There was a lot of
handling of mealie- meal
before it reached the con-

sumer and this cost the

trader a lot of

A. storekeeper
phisa near Kezi, said she
charged $9,50 for 50kg
of roller meal to recover
transport costs. Another
trader “ in Mberengwa
charged $10.

Only one trader, from
Plumtree, said mealie-
meal was being sold at
the fixed price.

“We read the new prices
im the newspaper and we
cut it out so that we don't
forget it,” said the store-
keeper,

ZIMBABWE



ee

It is surprising that the Indian Ocean Commission does not mention cooperation
in defense matters, especially at a time when South Africa is introducing it-
self as a destablizing element in this area of the world and within the con-
text of the attempts at destabilization of the national sovereignty of one of
the founding nations of the commission, in this case the Seychelles.

"We took care to state at the opening ceremony of this conference that the
Indian Ocean Commission will basically concern itself with commercial and in-
dustrial cooperation and will not be a political organization. However, the
commission's founding nations are concerned about the situation that you have
just described."

"By strengthening the links that will be forged, we will be anxious to imple-
ment means likely to assure our security by protecting the sovereignty of each
nation."

What is planned specifically on the cultural level?
"We have already prepared a list of projects. At the beginning of next year,
experts from each country will meet in the Seychelles to examine this list of

projects and refer it to the liaison committees."

Has a date been set for the next summit meeting of the heads of state of the
three countries involved?

"The conference did not feel it necessary to impose a date on the heads of

state due to their commitments, but the commission is of the opinion that the
heads of state may meet as soon as possible next year."

9693
cso: 3419/376

26



The South African proposals were made as it becomes clear that the social
and economic costs of sustaining the war in Angola are increasingly unac-
ceptable to President Jose Eduardo Dos Santos' government.

Within hours of the Angolan delegation's return to Luanda from the Cape Verde
meeting, the ruling MPLA party had conceded special emergency powers to
President Dos Santos to deal with the worsening security situation.

Western observers said this had given the president a green light to find a
solution to the war with South Africa and stop the draining guerrilla con-
flict with the UNITA movement.

At the end of the five hours of talks at Sal Airport in Cape Verde, both sides
reportedly agreed to meet again.

This second encounter is believed to be imminent after reports from Angola
that Cape Verde's foreign minister, Mr Silvino De Lux, is now in Luanda on an
unscheduled visit.

The Cape Verdians were responsible for bringing South Africa and Angola to-

gether for the December meeting, the first ever at ministerial level between
the two neighbours.

cso: 3400/635

107



GOVERNMENT TO INTRODUCE STRINGENT CONTROL OVER IMPORTED GOODS

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 3 Jan 83 p 5

(Text

CSO:

THE Government is’

to introduce string-
ent control over im-.
ported goods to seal
loopholes which
have led to their
over-pricing by un-
scrupulous business-

men, Minister. of
State for Commerce
and Industry Mr

Leonard. Subulwa
said in Lusaka yes-
terday.

His ministry had
established that some
traders had been over-
charging on imported +
goods through over-'
invoicing and other
under-hand methods.

The new Prices and In-
comes Commission, the’
Ministry of Commerce and.
Industry and the controller
of prices would work hand
in hand to ensure this.

scourge was eliminated.

It had become more urg-
ent to introduce such con-
trols now because of the’
Government’s decision to-

3400/580

de-control the pricing

mechanism.

The Government had for:

some time been worried

over why imported goods’
cost more in Zambia than:

they did in neighbouring
countries. ‘

Inquiries established that,

some traders over-invoiced
the goods they brought into.
the country to inflate their
Prices. :

Trade commissioners at
Zambian missions abroad
would now be more closely
involved in the buying and
movement of goods bought
by Zambian traders. :

“‘What we want to ensure
is that goods coming from
India are not invoiced in
London as has been hap-
pening in some cases.”

The Government would
want to ensure that goods
coming into Zambia are
bought at the right factory
prices so that their prices

in the
country.

The Party and its Gov-
ernment would fight tooth
and nail to run exploitative
traders down.

The last UNIP National
Council meeting recognised

128

that some businessmen were
charging exorbitant prices
for imported goods and
passed a resolution to that
effect.

The new measure to en-
able traders to fix their own
prices for commodities
would cut down on red
tape. .

Instead of waiting for
Cabinet to pass new prices,
the minister of Commerce
and Industry would now be
the final authority for this.

The minister would close-
ly study applications and,
using his own discretion,:
set what he considered an
appropriate price.

The Prices and Incomes
Commission can however,
come back to thé minister
later if it thought the price
set was exorbitant and call
for an adjustment.

The price controller’s of-
fice would continue its role
of monitoring prices on
goods and would have to
work closely with the minis-
ter.

The price controller's
office and the commi
would both be pre-occupied
with determining the real
value of raw materials to
arrive at appropriate prices.

ZAMBIA


In the national daily newspaper LE SOLEIL, of 3 December Mbaye Jacques Diop,

one of the leaders of the younger generation in the government party expressed
the following: "The Senegal of today and yesterday, one and indivisible,

which has known howto transcend ethnic identities and religious differences,

the Senegal of the mixture of different cultures, of legendary tolerance and
hospitality." He added that Senegal, "now finds itself suddenly confronted
with one of the evils which have characterized Africa in such a negative way:
The temptation to separatism on the basis of tribal differences." For him

as for the majority of Senegalese for whom he speaks, beyond the wildness

of a handful of irresponsible people, such events could only have been formented
by foreign enemies of Senegalese democracy, and they must therefore be repressed
without any sign of weakness.

In the columns of the same issue of LE SOLEIL one of the oldest leaders of

the Senegalese Socialist Party, Deputy Boubacar Obeye Diop, nevertheless expresses
a much more carefully balanced opinion, although expressed in prudent terms.

"We should not try to hide," he writes in particular, "the reality of the
Casamance issue, which is a continuing fact of our political history. We

should be very attentive to psychological disturbances which could be the

vehicle for feelings of frustration, fear, or doubt, which could be exploited

for unhealthy purposes, in our beautiful and promising southern province."

Located between Portuguese-speaking Guinea-Bissau and English-speaking Gambia,

the Casamance area--it would be more appropriate to speak of Lower Casamance

area (the region including the towns of Diouloulou, Bignona, Ziguinchor, and
Oussouye) because Middle and Upper Casamance (Kolda and Velingara) are geo-
graphically and ethnically much closer to the rest of Senegal--has had a different
history. After 2 1/2 centuries of Portuguese influence, which is still strongly
manifested, it was only attached to the rest of Senegal by an agreement signed

on 12 May 1866, by which France ceded to Portugal in return fishing rights

in the Grand Banks of Newfoundland.

Inhabited by people of a rather different culture from this in the rest of
Senegal (Diola, Bainouk, Mandingue, Balante, Mandjack, and Mancagne) who remained
animists in their religion for a long time, even when they had been formally
Christianized, the Casamance area, a region of forests and rivers, is climatically
close to the Guinea region of Africa.

Another World

For all these reasons the Senegalese government, both in the colonial as well
as in the contemporary period, has met with some difficulty from time to time
in exercising authority in Casamance. From this point of view one can find
many precedents for the events of 26 December. For example, Ansitoe, a well-
known manipulator of fetishes and queen of Kabrousse, during World War II
opposed the requisition of property. Her deportation to Saint-Louis led to

a rebellion in the region, which inspired the Senegalese film-maker, Ousmane
Sembene, a sone of Casamance by adoption, to make his film, "Emitai," A Sene-
galese masonic lodge currently uses this name. Didn't the organizers of the
Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance undertake to revive a body whose
founders at the beginning of the 1950's, Emile Badiane and Ibou Diallo, fought
to have their "lesser fatherland" taken into consideration more seriously?

50



cso:

earnings from another
listed company (exam-
ples include Anchusa, Fe-
derale Mynbou, Placor
and Sakers Finance), are
not considered because
the holding and operating
companies are essentially
the same animal.

A feature of the ac-
counts of several JSE-
listed companies in
recent years has been the

: switch from Lifo to Fifo

3400/579

for purposes of stock
valuation. -
It is.a switch which has

EXCLUSIONS ©

104

tended to understate the
relevant companies’
earnings performances
because it entails a book-
adjusted reduction in
earnings in the year in
which the change tool
place. .

It has not, however,
been possible for the
judges to make a retroac-
tive adjustment, because.

“Lifo figures for past years

are invariably unavail-
able. .

eoccccecese



LOWER INTEREST RATES SPUR MORE BORROWING

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 19 Dec 82 p 12

[Article by Elizabeth Rouse]

[Text]

cso:

3400/575

A RECORD of around
R23 000-million will be:
raised by ‘the public
sector on the capital
market in 1983 — al-
most Ri 000-million
more than in 1982.

The main reason for the!
‘spate of public-sector bor-
rowing is expectations of
lower interest rates.

Some municipalities with-
drew their issues in 1982 be-
cause of high interest rates.

They can no longer delay
issues, and opinion is that
coupon rates will now be fa-
vourable for them.

Another reason for the in-
crease in loan issues is that
SATS and the National Hous-
ing Commission, previously
funded directly from the Gov-
fade for copltal expenditure

for ca| iiture
from the capital market.

SATS kicks off with a loan.
ive of R100,1-million in ear-

january an for an-
luer Rudb-million in early

July.

he National Housing
Commission, which brought
the 1982 public-sector loan

programme to a close with a-
‘successful

ul R50-million issue,
comes to the capital market

for a R75-million loan in the ~

second half of April and an-
other R75-million in the
second half of November.
‘Among the big borrowers is
Post and Telécommunica-
tions, which comes to the cap-

68

ital market ‘for R100-million

in the first half of May and -

another Ri00-million in the
first half of October.

Escom will raise R100-mil-
lion in the second half of May
and another Ri00-million in
the second half Shee eo

ie Atomic Cor-
ration launches a R73-mil-
ion issue in the second half of
February, and another R73-
million issue is on the cards

for the second half of

September.

Armscor has two loan is-
sues of R50-million each, one
in the first half of June and

Iscor wants to raise R100-

ion — R50-milllion in the

t half of February and.

R50-million in the second half
of August.

: The Government is rolling
over loans of R408,3-million
in the first half of April, R300-
million in the first half of
August and R229,4-million in
the second half of November.

The Land Bank will roll
over two loans of R150-mil-
lion each, in the first half of
May and in the second half of
September.

Homeland governments
are seeking to raise R120-mil-
lion. BophuthaTswana will
borrow R5€-million.

The SWA Administration is
coming to the market for
‘R40-million in the first half of*
August.

SOUTH AFRICA



Regarding France-Gabon cooperation, Mr Bongo said that he intends asking
France to construct a nuclear station in Gabon so that uranium production
could be used in the country. The reserves at the Oklo mines, located in

the southeastern part of the country, are estimated at 5 million tons of
minerals whose uranium content is one of the richest in the world.

"For this project," the Gabonese head of state stressed, "we want to
invite France and no other country." The Gabonese leader said he will
discuss this issue with Francois Mitterrand, who is expected in Libreville
on Monday.

Mr Bongo added that issues of bilateral cooperation will occupy the main
place in his coming talks with his French counterpart. Libreville wishes
to associate with France "as much as possible" in preparing for its
"postoil" phase, he said, and wants to maintain "privileged" economic

relations with Paris.

In this connection, the Gabonese president expressed much satisfaction with
the French financial contribution (CFA 27 billion or Fr 540 million) to the
construction of the second phase of the trans-Gabonese railroad, one of the
most ambitious railroad projects in Africa.

Bongo on Death Penalty
AB161051 Paris AFP in French 1236 GMT 15 Jan 83
[Text] Libreville, 15 Jan (AFP)--Gabonese Head of State Omar Bongo, in an
interview with AFP in Libreville on Saturday, said he plans to hold a debate
within the organs of the Gabonese Democratic Party [PDG], the only party,
on the death penalty in Gabon.
Mr Bongo stated that he "rather favored" the abolition of the death penalty
in his country, but that this issue should be "widely" discussed by the
PDG militants.
President Bongo gave assurances that the public executions of three common—
law criminals in Libreville on 1 December took place on the advice of the
Ministry of Justice and "without" his approval.

"Next time," Mr Bongo said, "capital executions will take place only in
the presence of families of the condemned persons."

CSO: 3419/414

20



cso:

3400/575

country.

Under these circumstances,
the SADF finds it necessary to
‘win the hearts and minds’ of
the oppressed through its Civic
Action Progaramme.

The oppressed need to
guard against the onslaught on
the minds of their children, and
under no circumstances can
the oppressed collaborate In
any programme organised by
the SADF. Those entrusted
with the welfare of our children
— teachers and school
principals — are especially
reminded that to co-operate
with the Civic Action
Programme would be to allow
oppressed children to be used
as cannon fodder for the
apartheid military machine.

We dare not forget 1976 and
1980!

86



INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

FOREIGN MINISTER SAYS SDAR TO ATTEND OAU MEETINGS
AB21120 Paris AFP in English 1141 GMT 21 Jan 83

[Text] Harare, 21 Jan (AFP)--The foreign minister of the Saharan Democratic
Arab Republic (SDAR), which claims sovereignty over the Western Sahara, re-
peated a pledge here that the state would be represented at all future meet-
ings of the Organization of African Unity as that body's 51st member.

A row over the legality of the SDAR's membership in the OAU caused the col-
lapse of the first attempt to hold the Pan-African body's 19th Summit Con-
ference in Tripoli last August.

The foreign minister, Ibrahim Hakim, made his statement at a press conference
at Harare Airport before leaving for Tanzania today. A similar declaration
a month ago in Addis Ababa, where the OAU has its headquarters, was criti-
cized as "ill-advised and unwise" by some African diplomats.

Mr Hakim arrived in Harare yesterday from Maseru, Lesotho, where he gave his
government's condolences for the victims of the South African raid on Maseru
last December which claimed the lives of more than 40 people.

In Zimbabwe Mr Hakim held talks with government leaders and left a letter for
Prime Minister Robert Mugabe. In Tanzania he will also confer with government
leaders and deliver a message to President Julius Nyerer from his president.

The SDAR's armed wing, the Polisario Front, has been fighting a protracted
guerrilla war with neighboring Morocco to resist the annexation of Western
Sahara by King Hassan's government.

The SDAR was admitted as the 51st member of the OAU in February 1981 at a
ministerial ordinary meeting of the OAU in Addis Ababa after 26 OAU member
states gave it diplomatic recognition.

Mr Hakim recalled that the SDAR had decided to "voluntarily" absent itself
from the reconvened 19th OAU Summit in Tripoli last November, for the sake

of African unity. That summit was also abortive because of disagreement among
member states over representation of Chad.

Asked whether the SDAR would absent itself again from a third reconvened
summit, Mr Hakim said, "We do not know when and where this summit is go-
ing to be. But we will attend all future meetings of the OAU. Our pledge
not to attend was only for the second Tripoli summit and limited to that
time."

CSO: 3400/637 1



SOUTH AFRICA

CRITICISM OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM VOICED
Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 23 Dec 82 p 8

[Edited version of speech by Professor Es'kie Mphahlele, of the Department of
African Studies, University of the Witwatersrand at the University of Cape
Town, date not specified]

[Text]

* white children become aware that they,
xin a school that excludes blacks, inas-~:

“LET us for a moment think of edu-~

cation, as process rather than 3s |

‘Subjects, disci a
‘grammes ne neat wpacuaae | ito
orricula and syllabuses, all given .
endorsement and authority through
gxams,, certificates, diplomas and _
’50 on."
"Y Education as a process of growth, @ /

into being, into awareness of :
self and environment, a cultural

Prv‘wonder at what stage’ for instance,”

muchas they see blacks for the first /
time as domestic. workers, farm-la- *
bourers, delivery men and $0 on.
mixing in a few private
schinl a and in so-called open uni- ~
versities like UCT is still too tentative, “
self-conscious, too loaded against the _
pathetically small number of blacks, to :
serve as a clear index to the quality of .
interaction that {fakes place.

Let us consider the deeper levels of
awareness, where we begin to contem-
plate the brutal consequences of our
‘segregated lives, where we should begin
to explore ways of dealing with both the

the roots of our _

For beneath the glitter and the neon
Ughts and the oft-celebrated splendour ,

‘this country’s industrial and econom=. 4
ic prosperity for those whose colour is |
“right,” it is a sick society: one racial ;
segment sicker than the er, one ideo-
EE ee ic

fore it y-pl

people than I have an Caen laced :
warnings about the disastrous uried
tions for our future inherent in institu-
tionalised racism and violence, in the
conceit of power.

I need not replay those warnings;

tion that keeps knocking at ~

the wintow of my consciousness is whe-
ther education as cultural process will
ultimately undermine or reinforce the

barriers that have been fixed and are .

still being forged between, whole
communities.

I passionately shared the idealism of
the Fifties when the African-Indian-

:eoloured Congress movement and the

waite nie Congress ‘of Democrats tried to
jion from
ie pl plattorm, of non-racial

lost of the black leadership had
studied at Fort Hare and a smaller

number at the English-language —

‘universities.

‘They had, like so many other African

England and the notion of the para-
mountcy of Reason... John Stuart Mill,
Jeremy Bentham, William Cobbett, and

80 on. a

As idealists, we had no doubt but that
the white people of this country shared
the libertarian traditions of Europe, as
they themselves never ceased’ to re-
mind us that they were custodians of a
civilisation 2 000 old.

So much of British literature, so
much of what we were taught in mis-
sion institutions, so much of what we
read in the Press, drummed it into our
heads that democracy was a Christian

vir EEG because whites proclaimed their
Christian faith so loudly and told us
that, to be Christian was to be civilised,
and vice versa, it just didn’t make any
sense when, instead of reason and com-
passion, hell was let loose when we
“Freedom in our time!”
That idealism was violently shaken
by the Bantu Education Act (1953), the
attended

wii have been mounting in ore removal of Sophiatown
in apocalyptic stridency since the convoys.
eat deca of the 1960s. But i was blown to bits by the Trea-

69

“nationalists north of the Zambesi who



The Act appears to
date to have been
largely used against un-
ionists, but court cases
wusually have resulted
‘in charges being with-
drawn.

Fosatu’s Metal aad

‘Allied Workers’ Union,
whose members have
‘borne the brunt of In-
timidation Act charges
this year, has called for
the repeal of the Act.
! Many. of ‘the trade
unionists who were de-
tained in widesoczad
Security Police swoops
late. last. year were
released.

Three senior officials.
of the South ‘African
Allied -Workers’ Union
— its president, Mr.
Thozamile Gaweta,
vice-president, Mr Sisa
Njikelana, and’ general
secretary, Mr. Sam Ki-
kine — were released
this. year without
charges after being
held in. detention for
Jeng periods...

BANNINGS

The- leadership of the.
Fort Elizabeth-based
Mctor Assemblers and
Components Workers’
Union (Macwusa) was

stifled effectively by de-
tentions last year.
After five officials
were-released in March
this. year,--four ..were
served two-year ban
ning orders, including
Macwusa’s chairman,
‘Mr Dumile Makanda.

The issue of deten-
tions of ‘rade unionists
caused’ ‘a row at the
Trade Gnion Council of

th a's annual
in Cape
Town in September.

Some affiliates, called
for “Tucsa’s condemna-
tion of unionist deten
tions and support ‘for
those asiected by such
police action.

The conference adop-
ted the national execu-
tive | cvuncil’s recom-
mendations for a code
of conduct for de.
tainées ‘and the Secu-
rity .clice in those
eases.

Severtl labour issues
were. heard in the
courts during the year.

@ Sume’ jail terms
and fines were imposed
om~unionists after the
marathon four-month
trial of 53 post office.
workexs n. Port Eliza-
beth if April.

@ Abou 180 mi-
grant workers lost a
case against their sugar
industry employers in
Natal who, they
claimed, forcibly had
evicted them from
their “hostels after a
strikes:

@ Journalists took
their employers to the
Industrial Court in De-
cembet alleging unfair
Jabour:. practices. The
South,’ African Society
of. Journalists claimed
employers had endan-
gered:‘industrial peace
by withdrawing from a
conciliation board with
along history of peace-
ful negotiations. The
SASJ claimed — em:
ployers were not inter-
bona fide nego-
with journal-

ists.

Commercial, Catering
and Allied Workers’
Union members were
involved in disputes in
the Johannesburg area
with. the OK Bazaars,
the Central News Agen-
ey and Woolworths.

The wage grievance
was central to those
disputes and showed
the growing militancy
of commercial workers

These disnutes laree-
ly successfully were. re-
solved after negotia-
tions.

RESPONSIBILITY

Fosatu raised the
issue of corporate re-
sponsibility for indus-
try giants as the result
of two strikes this year.

Barlow Rand was
taken to task over a
dispute at Veldspun in
Uitenhage. Although
the textile firm is
owned by Durban-based
Romatex, Romatex is
owned by Barlows.

Senior Barlow offi-
cials .weré involved in

75

negotiation: with Fo-
satu’s National Union

of Textile Workers to
resolve the dispute.

The Metal and Allied
Workers’ Union was
eritica)] of Anglo
American as a result of
the strike at Consoli-
dated Wire Industries
in Germiston.

Fosatu_ states that
while the corporate
giants claim to have
only financial and no
manageria: control over
some subsidiaries, the
“giants” should try to
uphold sound industrial
relations policies which
their executives public.
ly proclaim.

Fosatu’s Chemical
Workers’ Industrial
Union threatened a
boycott of Henkel
group products after a
dispute at a Prospecton
plant in Durban in
March. A settlement
was reache | before. the
planned boycott was
launched.

There was widespread
motor industry un-
rest for several months
during 1982 over annu-
al wage negotiations.

Fosatu’s National
Association of Auto
mobile and Allied Wor-
kers’ Unions withdrew
from the Eastern. Cape’s
motor industrial council
after a number of suc-
cessive deadlocks over
a minimum hourly
wage.

Naawu stated it was
seeking.a “living wage”
for its members. while
auto industry em-
ployers described the
R2.50 hourly minimum
demand as inflationary
and spoke of their fall-
ing share of the car
market.

The dispute was
heightened by ret-
renchments, and at
several stages in the
dispute more than
10000 workers at
Volkswagen, Ford and
General Motors were
on strike, resulting in
temporary closures of
the affected plants.



HSRC Investigation Into Causes of Reiger Park Riots Reported
(Sheryl Raine; THE STAR, 23 Dec 82).......cesesceeeeceeee «= 82

SADF Civilian Works Role Criticized
(Editorial; MUSLIM NEWS, 3 Dec 82).........-.eeeeee seeeeee 85

Economists Predict Bleak Year Ahead
(Joshua Raboroko; SOWETAN, 5 Jan 83)...... seen eee eee eens 87

Black Sash Founder on Movement's Role
(Charles Bloomberg; RAND DAILY MAIL, 31 Dec 82)........... 88

Nation's Top Hundred Companies Highlighted

(SUNDAY TIMES, 12 Dec 82)... ... cece cee eeee seer eee ce ane oe 90
Indian Opposition Group Plans Campaign

(Umtata Capital Radio, 24 Jan 83).....cecece cece cece eens 105
S. Africa, Angola Reportedly Discuss Buffer Zones

(SUNDAY TIMES, 23 Jan 83).. . 106
Kangwane Legislative Assembly Formally Reopens

(Patrick Laurence; RAND DAILY MAIL, 22 Jan 83).......... 108
Briefs

Oil-From-Coal Plant Proposed 110

Zimbabwean Trade, Economic Links 110

Lesotho Action on Refugees 110

Colliery Sets Record 111

Church Turns Black Away 111

Development Boost for Soweto lil

Cope Rejects Plan 112

Poor Maize Crop 112

SATS Orders Locomotives 113

Oil Rig 113

Metropolitan Oils Group 113

Blacks 'Under-Utilised' 114

SWAZILAND

Prime Minister Predicts 'Rough, Rocky’ 1983

(THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND, 3 Jan 83)... 115
Police Swoop on ANC Members Discussed

(Editorial; THE SWAZI OBSERVER, 24 Dec 82).. 116
Briefs

Maize Crop Damaged 117



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|
|

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|
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|

aps
1

1982 Share = Rank Top 108

Performance ( % ) Ranking
+63,3 1 a
+615" 2 26
+503 3 48
+489 4 56
+429 5 T
+83 6 49
+259 1 2
+204 8 B
+217 9 ST
+ +188 10 32
+182 Mt 13
+17,1 2 at
+133 B .
+132 u 16
+129 5 25
+129 15 63
+127 17 10
+122 18 59
+121 1s 6
+107 20 $2
+103 a 3
+98 22 ry
+88 23 10
E407 ry &2
3 477 ry 12
+10 6 31
| 467 a 8
, Ho 3 B
5 +56 2 1
+45 3 2
+44 31 15
+38 32 58
5 +38 32 a
y £33 ci) a1
ey ey 6
D4+Ls 36 6
3 41,2 cf 93
- 3B 15
22 39 a
-28 40 uM
-32 a 14
-33 42 6
“4 B 86
3,8 “4 W
-43 5 16
~43 5 a7
AT M7 1
+ 48 8 51
52 mo. 61

Why Some Have Been Excluded

NOT every listed
company is consid-
ered for inclusion in
the Top 100.

Apart from cactnaing
those wi repor ted
exclusions extend to com-
panies which have under-
gone a major change in
capital, those which have
changed their basis of ac-
“counting in such a way as

103

And...
Math & Ash
BES Steel

to render their results in-
comparable with pre-
vious figures and taose
companies which derive a
major portion of their
earnings from another

company.
These exclusions are
listed in the accompany-

ing table, ;
‘amid Companies, or
those which receive a

major proportion of their



SOUTH AFRICA

INCREASING LABOR UNREST REPORTED
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 22 Dec 82 pp 16-17

[Article by Tony Davis: "Axe Fell on 10,000 This Year--More Labour Unrest on
Cards for 1983"]

[Text] If 1981 was a year of pension unrest in the labour arena, 1982 was the
year of the retrenchments.

More than 10 000 workers were laid off during the past 12 months and, as firms
shut down for the holiday season, there are fears that the axe will fall on
many more.

Few industries were immune to the effects of the countrywide depression, but
hardest hit were the engineering, clothing and motor industries. Even State-
controlled giants such as Iscor and the South African Transport Services re-
trenched many workers.

Other firms looked to counter-measures as alternatives to layoffs. Shorter
work-weeks, no overtime or weekend duty, and low pay increases were adopted to
cope with the recession.

Trade unions looked to retrenchment agreements to protect their members. The
Federation of South African Trade Unions (Fosatu) issued its own retrenchment
guidelines including the important principal of "first in, last out."

Dr Aggett

This year in the labour relations field was prominent in another negative as—
pect--the death in detention of trade unionist Dr Neil Aggett.

Dr Aggett, the Transvaal secretary of the African Food and Canning Workers'
Union, died in his cell in John Vorster Square in Johannesburg and his body
was discovered by police in the early hours of February 5.

Police said Dr Aggett, who was detained under security legislation late last
year, had died from hanging.

His death sparked widespread worker protest and on February 11 more than
75 000 workers countrywide observed a half-hour work stoppage or other forms
of silence in a tribute to him.

73



-t

BRR Sewseneene

Se

i“

TTT Tee CLT

if

:
i
;

is used to evaluate per-
formance on a comparable
basis, different weights
must be “applied to thé
various ratios, since not all

id the eit
importance. And the weight
finally decided upon may
not Tight for every
company.

@ Ratics such as return

il
i

if
f
f

EEETEDS
w

ajay:
i
af

manner that a comparison
between a company with
large borrowings and a
company with low.gearing
becomes virtually
meaningless.

@ Although implicit in
favourable balance sheet
ratios is the inherent
strength needed to secure
long-term growth in earn-
ings, undue focus on a large
number of complex ratios
will cloud the essential is-
sues for all but the exper-
ienced analyst.

Perusal of the accompa-
nying table highlights these
ratio analysis drawbacks.
_ Thus, for example, Otis,
which tops the list with a
staggering 169,7%, has an

rin t’ history,
uninspiring profit 5

with return on

=

81/12/31
82/06/38
81/12/31
32/06/30
$2/06/30
"92/06/30
82/02/28
82/02/28
32/02/28
82/06/38
82/03/31
82/02/28

«
>

BORSUINseNANAAsRAsaeRAREKEseruseeceaaacas
=
=

99

q

sectey

[
|

pty

He

nT

ie

i

g

[ -

Development :

HE

the level it has done as a
result not of growth in
earnings but of progrees-
sive reductions in share-
holders’ fund occasioned by
the payment of dividends in
excess of earnings.

Of the 100 shares ranked
by return on shareholders’
funds, 52 appear in the
Business Times Top 100,
with 15 of the Top 100’s first
20 featuring in the accom-
panying table.

‘The significance of com-
paring the two sets of rank-
ings is that the status of a
company is deserving of en-
hancement if it appears
near the top of both tables
— with the caveat that the

quality and composition of
return on shareholders’
be = carefully.

$2/06/38-
82/02/28
81/12/31.
32/06/30
~ $2/03/31
81/12/31
£2/06/38.
32/06/36"
81/12/31

31/12/31
+ sat
82/03/31
$2/03/31
92/03/31
92/02/28
81/12/30
31/12/38
42/01/02
32/01/31.
81/12/31
31/12/31
82/06/30
82/06/30
82/03/34
92/03/31
31/12/31
32/08/31
32/03/31
31/12/31
92/06/38



The Department of Community Development had apparently asked the trader, Mr
Abie Gungadin, to expand the premises at his own cost to accommodate two
coloured businessmen.

The police dispersed the peaceful demonstration.

In the aftermath, a coloured child was knocked down by an Indian motorist.
Surrounded by bystanders, the motorist pointed a firearm at the crowd before
driving away.

On Thursday, May 7, coloured schoolchildren produced pamphlets calling for
boycotts and expressing protest over a certain Indian trader.

The next day sporadic incidents occurred in which Indian homes and taxis were
damaged. At a party that night, residents decided that the Indian inhabitants
of Reiger Park had to leave and a boycott of Indian taxis began.

At 2 pm on Saturday, May 9, there was a clash at the East Rand Station between
coloured residents and a taxi driver over the boycott of Indian-owned taxis.
An Indian taxi driver shot and wounded a coloured resident and the riot began.

Angry residents, old
‘and young, went on
the warpath, ~ burning.
one . Indian ‘home, ‘a
garage, several cars
and three shops. A
fourth shop was plun-
dered. ~

At the end of the
three days, two. teen-
agers—Anthony Phillips
(14) and Thomas Dam-
ons (19) — and an
unknown eight-year-old
were dead.

Twenty-one people
received gunshot
wounds) and several

3400/575

others were wounded:
Two people were hit by
teargas canisters and
three others were
known to have suffered
injury at the hands of
the police.

Two’ youths ‘claimed
they. were shot by In-
dian residents. Un-
known numbers of
others suffered in-
juries. .

‘Damage to’ property
was estimated at hun-
dreds of thousands of
rands,



SENEGAL

SENEGAMBIA COUNCIL OF MINISTERS HOLDS FIRST SESSION
AB131020 Dakar Domestic Service in French 2200 GMT 12 Jan 83

[Text] The Council of Ministers of the Senegambia Confederation met this
afternoon under the chairmanship of His Excellency Abdou Diouf, president
of the confederation.

Opening the deliberations, the president of the confederation expressed the
hope that this first session of the Council of Ministers of the Senegambia
Confederation will mark the beginning of a new era for the Senegambian
people, who desire unity, peace, and progress. President Abdou Diouf then
paid homage to President Dawda Jawara, vice president of the Senegambia
Confederation, whose faith and commitment enabled him to take a decisive
part in the process which led to the successive establishment of the
confederal institutions. President Abdou Diouf also stressed the need for
the members of the confederal cabinet to show a spirit of organization,
rigor and efficiency to enable them to accomplish the tasks entrusted to
them.

Concerning the modalities of organizing the government work, the council
decided to hold bimonthly meetings and asked the ministers to imitate the
president and the vice president of the confederation by holding regular
consultations on the implementation of the confederation's program. On

the same topic, the council charged the secretary general of the con+
federation's presidency with preparing draft instructions relating to the
method of presentation of issues on the agenda at the ministerial council
meetings. These instructions will be prepared on the basis of the practices
in force in Gambia and in Senegal.

Examining the methods of action of the confederal government, the Council
of Ministers charged the confederal finance ministers with drawing up draft
instructions related to the preparation of the confederal budget. These
instructions will be submitted to the Council of Ministers. Pending the
adoption of a confederal budget for 1983-84, the Council of Ministers
decided on the creation of a special fund to finance the activities of the
confederation's institutions. In this regard, it gave precise directives
to the confederal ministers of finance.

52



The ambassador said that the best student in Fine Arts at the institution
would be offered a scholarship tenable in Bulgaria. Receiving the mace, the
rector of the college, Mr. G. M. Okufi, said that the institution would soon
acquire a second Campus and hoped that the college would soon be uplifted to a
university of technology. The Yaba College of Technology was established in
1934 as the then Yaba Higher College. [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English
20 Dec 82 p 33]

DAM PLANNED IN PLATEAU--A MODERN dam estimated to cost about 425 million is
soon to be constructed in the Doma Local Government area of Plateau State by
the Federal Government. Disclosing this in his office, the area manager of
the Lower Benue River Basin Development Authority, Mr. Mohammed Arikiya, told
the visiting United States, Ambassador to Nigeria Mr. Thomas Pickering, that
when completed, the dam would be extended to other parts of Benue and Plateau
States for fishing and agricultural development. [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES
in English 24 Dec 82 p 22]

cso: 3400/583

48



We should note that a long term credit (10 years) for the supply of equipment
valued at 497,080,337 CFA francs and another, short term credit for 85,676,492
million CFA francs were initially signed by the two countries. It should be
emphasized that the short term credit has been completely repaid, thanks to
the efforts of the party and of the Congolese Government.

Therefore, the annual production of the factory could be 2,884,000 running
meters of cloth, assuming three shifts of 8 hours per day and 300 working days
per year. In 1982 the total number of employees was 210; it will rise to 256
in 1983 and to 312 in 1984.

Welcoming the Establishment of the UTS

The second speaker, the minister of industry and fishing, comrade Jean Itadi,
emphasized that "46 months after the national salvation movement was founded
on 5 February 1979 and 12 months after the adoption of the 1982-86 5-Year
Plan we have the pleasure and the great honor of celebrating the opening of
the UTS."

He stated that only yesterday IMPRECO [expansion unknown] (built by an inter-
national consortium and the People's Republic of the Congo) was inaugurated,

that only the other day SOTEXCO [Congo Textile Company] (built in cooperation
with China) was opened, and today the UTS (built in cooperation with Romania)
is the object of our traditional ceremony to mark its completion.

These projects, which are the result of international cooperation, have brought
on each occasion their mixture of joy and sorrow. Sorrow, because of the total
overturn of the international trading structure of the textile industry, the
conflicts between the developed and developing countries. These sorrows, he
added, reflect the high cost of recovery of these companies which are now part
of our country.

Furthermore, recalling the conference of state enterprises, the minister de-
clared that the conference had revealed, in addition to worldwide and general-
ized causes, the local and specific causes which were responsible for the dif-
ficulties of the state textile industry and that we would have to overcome
them.

These in general were the main themes of the meeting held in Kinsoundi. So
let us place our confidence in the UTS which, in the words of the posters on
the factory, has made a wager with the people in the following words: "The
Objective for the UTS in 1983: 1.2 Million Running Yards of Textiles. We
Will Judge by the Results."

5170
cso: 3419/409

10



BACKGROUND OF BORNO RELIGIOUS UPRISINGS GIVEN

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 14 Dec 82 pp 1, 21

(Article by Abdullahi Idris]

[Text]

cso:

THE Borno State Police Com-'
mand has revealed that confron-
tation between the police and
religious fanatics in the state |
dated back to 1977. ;

The state police commissioner,
Alhaji Tahiru_ Jidda, said in
Maiduguri on Friday that on May
27, 1977, after Friday prayers, a
group of fanatics began to.abuse
peoplé who did not belong to their
sect and in the ensuing clash. five
policemen drafted to the scene to

restore peace were seriously |

wounded. - .
On March 9, 1979, the commis-
sioner said, a group of fanatics.
preaching against modernisation
at Lamisula Ward in Maiduguri
suddenly turned riotous during
which a police inspector, Ahme¢
Michika, was killed on the spot
and many policemen seriously in-

jured. .
~" He said 14 of the 100 fanatics ar-
rested as a result of the riot were
charged in court and convicted.
Alhaii Tahiru said since that in-
cident, the police command, had
been vigilant on the whereabouts
and the activities of the fanatics
in the state. He said on several:
occasions, the police raided their
enclaves in various parts of the
state and prosecuted them.

Between January 17, 1980 and
January 13, this year, the com-
missioner said 299 religious
fanatics were arrested mostly for
illegal preaching out of which 199
were sentenced to prison terms
ranging from three months .to
five years. :

He said most of the arrésts
were made in Maiduguri,
Potiskum and Damboa adding
saat 265 out of the 299 arrests

3400/581

39

made were from Maiduguri town
alone.

Alhaji Tahiru then announced;
that 16 policemen and 116
fanatics were killed during the
Bulumkuttu uprising while 27
policemen including an assistant
police commissioner incharge of
operations, Mr. Z. Malhelbe and
cnine fanatics sustained injuries.
- He also announced that 466
fanatics were arrested out of
which 344 were charged in court
for idleness and rioting. He said
103 of those arrested were from.
Chad, Niger, Cameroun, Mali,>
Upper Volta, Sudan and Morocco.

4ne police commissioner said
the Bulumkuttu disturbance
beganon October 26 when a team
of detectives went to execute a
search warrant at a compound
occupied by the fanatics follow-
ing reports that they had amass-
ed dangerous weapons with in-
‘ent to eliminate some per-
sonalities in Maiduguri.

He also said investigation had
shown that the fanatics were a
group of religious extremists who
believed that they were fighting a
religous war and that death while
fighting was an automatic
passport to heaven.

Alhaji Tahiru complained
about exaggerated news report of
the disturbance adding that such
reports were not in interest of the
country.

The police commissioner then
urged the newly-established
Islamic religious preaching ad-
visory committee in the various
local governments of the state to
give adequate publicity to their
¢tablishment and various fac-
10ns.

NIGERIA



STEEL PRODUCTION, MINERAL RESOURCES DETAILED

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 25 Dec 82 p21

43

NIGERIA

[Text ] TEEL develop~ tions on’ where to
ment in. the site five new steel
country. has taken mills had not been
¥1,860,000,000. completed. ~
Steel Minister, The steel minister
Malam Ali Makele, said apart from
disclosed to some quantities of
reporters in’ Lagos iron* ore - imported
on. Thursday - from Brazil and
wine break d ond Liberia, all the Sther’
alli i raw materials
1 billion has been din th T
spent on the Aladja needed in the ‘steel
Steel Plant, ¥500 indystries abound in
million on- the the, bounty. fe hav
Ajaokuta plant and ood sae Jit of
8120 million each on g it posits
the rolling mills at auxite, managa-
Oshogbo, Katsina nese, limestone, and
and See , tlay in the country.
Malam_ Makele Reacting to
said the _ steel criticisms that the
industry _ has. a steel plants and
labour force of more mills were wasteful
than 14,000 saying ventures Malam Ma-
that -90 per cent kele told reporters
of the labour force at that those fostering
the Oshogbo, Aladja the griticisms did not,
and Jos P ts were. know - what they
He said investiga- were saying. .
cso: 3400/582



'END IN SIGHT' TO COLOURED HOUSING CRISIS

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 30 Dec 82 p 3

[Text] THE chronic housing problem in Johan-
nesburg’s coloured areas will be solved ©
within three years if an ambitious plan
mooted by the city council’s housing and
utilities committee is carried out.”

‘This prediction was made yesterday by
Johannesburg's housing director, Mr Thys -
“Wilsnach, who said the current housing short
age for white old age pensioners would also
be solved within a year in terms of the plan. _

He confirmed that the city council had
asked the Government for R45-million to
boost its housing development fund which
now stands at just under R11-million.

Mr Wilsnach said his department had sent
letters to about 2 000 coloured tenants invit- ©
ing them to purchase their houses. Money
received from the sale of these houses would
further boost the: fund. ee te ho

‘The official“ housing “shortage in. the .”
coloured areas is more than 4200, although ~
community leaders say the actual shortage is -
twice that number. The housing shortage for
white pensioners is about 420.

*_ Mr Wilsnach said in view of the statement
by the Minister of Community Development,
Pen Kotze, that money would be made
available to house people in the sub-economic
group, “I am extremely optimistic that our
application will be successful”.

‘According to Mr Wilsnach, the council re-
quires R37-million for the coloured housing
schemes and R8-million for the housing of
white pensioners.

The council planned to build more than
2.000 housing units in the existing coloured
areas of Eldorado Park, Klipspruit, and New-
clare, and his department had identified more
land as potential coloured areas.

The council also plans to build 667 units for
white pensioners in Elandspark, Crown Gar-
dens, Moffat View, Dewetshof, Vrededorp,
Claremont and South Hills. .

cso: 3400/575

72

“Mr Wilsnach said he could not disclose

which new areas were being identified for
coloured occupation until the Johannesburg
Management Committee considered the
housing committee's proposals next month.

Community leaders have warned that the
coloured housing shortage remains a poten-
tially explosive issue, and their views were
reinforced by a Human Sciences Research
Council finding that the housing shortage was
the cause of last year’s riots in Reiger Park.

In August there were widespread protests
against a decision to raise rents in coloured
areas. Increases were postponed to January 1
and the city council undertook to make all
houses in coloured areas available for sale to
coloured tenants by tomorrow.

Mr Wilsnach said sale offers had been sent
to nearly all tenants in houses, except for
those in Eldorado Park Extension 9 whose
prices were still being calculated. The prices
averaged between R18 000 and: R23 000.

However, tenants in coloured areas will not
be able to council-owned flats.

Mr Wilsnach said certain tenants would be
offered new houses in Eldorado Park Ext 9 at
a payment of R350 a month.

Wilsnach’s optimism over eliminating
the housing backlog was not shared by the
Coloured Management Committee. A CMC
member, Mr Mohamed Dangor, said: “I don’t
think we will ever catch up with the backlog.
Ttall sounds very good in theory, but we must
have more land.

“In any case, the real problem is the Group
Areas Act, which must be scrap} The Gov-
ernment has made it clear it build homes
only for those earning less than R150 a month.
Those earning over R1 000 must provide for
themselves.

“But the vast majority of the people fall
between those categories, and they haven’t a
hope of getting houses because building soci-
eties won't give them bonds,” Mr Dangor said.



cso:

3400/580

more than ever before, is
industrial peace. This is a
pre-condition to quick re-
covery.

“As people, and a nation,
there must be harmony
between the Party and the
labour movement to achieve
our economic goals for the
good of all concerned. All of
us are at war against poverty,
disease, ignorance and ex-
ploitation of man by man;
therefore ‘we must . work
together.”

He warned the workshop
that employees on their own
could not find sblutions to
their problems at places of
work without Party and
Government backing no
matter how effective the
Jabour movement was.

“It is for this reason that
there is need :for a joint
effort. This is my tnder-
standing of effective partici-
pation by the labour move-
ment in social and economic
development.’’

‘He assured the trade unions
that free collective bargaining
as a form of workers parti-
cipation would continue to
receive the Party and its
Government ‘support with’
thinimum intervention.

“The labour movement is at
liberty to bargain for better
conditions of employment for
their members through the
process of collective bargain-
ing.”

It was in that light that
recently, the Employment
(Amendment) Act number 18
of 1982 was amended on
maternity provisions _ for
female workers.

134



In his speech, Mr Musokotwane said African members of the ADB had taken suf-
ficient measures to ensure that the African character of the Bank does not get
compromised.

Among the major highlights were that the president of the institution will al-
ways come from Africa, the project financing of the Bank will always come from
Africa and that no decision can be made without Africans having a majority.

The Bank has also agreed that shareholdings by the Africans will not fall
below two thirds.

Addressing the same ceremony, Bank president Mr Willa Mung'omba said the event
marked the end of a long and difficult task which goes back to 1965.

Mr Mung'omba pledged that he would do everything in his power to ensure that
the confidence placed in him and in the institution will be safeguarded.

He said with the anticipated increased resources resulting from the opening of
the capital to ADB and its affiliates the institutions were now better placed
to contribute significantly towards solutions to Africa's economic problems.

cso: 3400/573

127



In October however, thanks to these flights, each inhabitant received half a
sack of millet, i.e., 20 kilos. The roads became usable again, but the
transport of supplies is achieved at the cost of enormous difficulties due
chiefly to the lack of trucks and short supplies of gasoline. For its part,
Red Cross International, which has three trucks in the country, is continuing
to deliver emergency aid to 24,000 of the most impoverished of the 300,000
inhabitants of the province of Guera. To this end, it set up two centers,
one in Mongo and the other in Baro.

The mission head of the League of Red Cross Societies, Dr. Bruce Chauvin,
who has just spent 4% months in Chad, does not hesitate to speak of the
"state of famine" of the population and estimates that 63 percent of the
children registered by the Mongo distribution center are “in a serious state
of malnutrition." In and around the village of Baro, this figure is even
higher, and the situation continues to deteriorate with respect to sanitation
as well as nutrition.

The Chadian authorities, informed of the matter, reply that there are also
serious food shortages in the north of the country, particularly in the
province of Kanem and in Tibesti.

9824
CSO: 34-9/373



ZAMBIA

EPISCOPAL CONFERENCE SAYS CONFIDENTIAL REPORT ON MILINGO 'FALSE'
Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 5 Jan 83 p 5

[Text] THE confidential report purportedly written about Archbishop Emmanuel
Milingo by two senior Catholic officials is fake, according to the Zambia
Episcopal Conference.

Acting conference secretary general Father Richard Cremins says investigations
conducted into the issue had revealed that the alleged report was a malicious
forgery composed to support the view of a small but vocal group.

He said the investigators had spoken by telephone to Father Francis Taylor in
Northern Ireland and Father Andrew Edele in West Germany and both had denied
writing the report either jointly or separately. "They will send sworn
affidavits to confirm this".

He said the Pope's representatives in Zambia Archbishop George Zur had also
declared that he never received such a report, much less, discusss it with
Father Taylor or advise him to leave the country because of it.

The only conclusion to be drawn was that some quarters wanted to mislead
people that Archbishop Milingo's call to Rome was because of a conspiracy
against him by white missionaries.

"The quotations from this alleged report were seriously damaging to the repu-
tation of Archbishop Milingo, to Father Edele and Taylor who were depicted as
conspiring against him and to the Catholic Church in Lusaka, where expatriate
clergy were reflected as racialists in their relationships with their Zambian
brothers in priesthood".

"We call on the Press to heed the call in the bishops' letter for restraint
and charity in commenting on the case of Archbishop Milingo. Even more we
call for an end to the campaign of allegations and falsehoods which only in-
jured the very person whose cause they are supposed to support," the Episcopal
Conference said.

CSO: 3400/580

129



KADUNA AIRPORT TO MOVE--THE Kaduna Airport is to move to its new sites soon
with the Hajj processing centre serving as an Interim Terminal building.

The conversion will cost the Nigerian Airports Authority the sum of 300,000
Naira excluding the cost of power generating plant. This made known by the
Nigerian Airports Authority in a statement releasedin Lagos recently. In it,
the statement added that following the deteriorating state of runway, taxiway,
apron and other physical structures of the old airport hence the move. The
major works required to make the new interim measure airport operational in-
clude the modification of office blocks, external civil works at the Hajj
processing centre and of the fire rescue building. Others are the provision
of generators for electricity supply, water supply, intercom and transport
facilities. [Victor Attai] [Excerpt] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Dec
82 p 17]

DELTA STEEL PRODUCTION--THE Delta Steel Company in Aladja, Bendel State pro-
duced about 15,000 tonnes of iron rods and 100,000 tonnes of liquid steel
since its inception a year ago. This was made known by the Minister of Steel,
Malam Mamman Ali Makele during a meeting of the Board of Directors of the
company in Abuja. The minister observed with satisfaction the progress made
by the company in one year. He said the company now produced enough billets
to meet the demand of other steel companies in the country. He said the
billets produced at the company were further refined into high quality steel
at the Katsina, Jos and Oshogbo steel rolling mills. Malam Mamman said that
he was aware of some of the problems facing the company such as inadequate
power supply and said that a power plant would soon be installed at the com-
pany. He urged the directors to continue to work dedicatedly in order to en-
sure steady development of the steel sector of our economy. [Mike Reis]
[Text] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Dec 82 p 15]

PREPARATION FOR CENSUS--A NEW approach is being made to prepare for the next
population census in the country. In an interview with the New Nigerian in
Kano, the Commissioner incharge of the National Population Commission in Kano
State, Alhaji Shehu Ringim, said the new approach was aimed at eliminating
loopholes which could cause controversy. He said the commission was now
carrying out an up-dating exercise of various demographic data such as local-
ity lists and demarcation of enumeration areas. Alhaji Shehu pointed out that
this was necessary because previous data used must have become obsolete due to
the period that has elapsed. "We want to produce results which we can defend

with facts," he stressed. The commissioner said the National Population Com-
mission was working according to.a programme drawn out for smooth preparations
for a census but added that it was not possible to give specific time when
such preparation would be completed. Meanwhile, it was understood that the
commissioners are yet to be appointed to some state offices of the National
Population Commission. [Abdulhamid Babatunde] [Text] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in
English 20 Dec 82 p 19]

BULGARIAN GIFT TO COLLEGE~-BULGARIA has presented a cast mace to the Yaba
College of Technology, in Lagos. In his speech at the ceremony, the Bulgarian
Ambassador, to Nigeria, Mr. Alexander K.Atanassor, pledged the commitment of
the government and people of his country to the improvement of qualitative ed-
ucation in the country. He commended the governing council of the college for
the increase in the number of buildings, and students in the institutions, and
expressed his satisfaction at the facilities been provided at the college.

47



Growing Friendship Between Ethiopia, USSR Discussed
| (Editorial; ADDIS ZEMEN, 19 Oct 82)..

U.S. Aids Somali Threat to Peace
(Editorial; ADDIS ZEMEN, 12 Oct 82)..... seen eee errr rr

Need for Exploiting Water Resources for Development Discussed
(Editorial; ADDIS ZEMEN, 16 Oct 82).......ccceeeeeeneceeee

GABON

"AFP' Interview With Bongo Reported
(AFP, 15 Jan 83) .ccc cece cece cnc cc nce n eee e esse enn eeneeeees .

Questions French Attitude to Opposition
Bongo on Death Penalty

GAMBIA
Briefs
Jawara Leaves Dakar
Minister on Independent Policies

GUINEA

Briefs
Oil Refinery To Be Built

MAURITIUS

Jugnauth on Chagos Archipelago
(LE MAURICIEN, 21 Dec 82) .cceececescceceececcecceceeeueees

Indian Ocean Commission Created
(LE MAURICIEN, 22 Dec 82).....cececeeeeececeeeee sceeeeeeee

New Quality Logo Created
(L'EXPRESS, 20 Dec 82).......

Briefs
Aeroflot Landings on Mauritius
Hydroelectric Plant To Open
Sugar Production Figures
Soviet-Mauritian Film Project
Mauritian Employment in Zimbabwe
Sugar Mill Nationalizations Rejected
Land Bank Approved

NIGER

IDA Offers Credit for Water Supply Projects
(LE SAHEL, 22 Dec 82).....cceeeeeeecceeceeee Sey

19

21

22

23

30



Property

However, the company has bought property in the industrial sites for $137 000
and hopes to acquire another property across the road.

Jongwe's workshop manager, Cde Vito Ferrari, said he went to Dar es Salaam in
1977 and returned to Mozambique after a year's training. Then followed anoth-
er year's training by a West German communist movement, the KBW.

The German group gave machines in 1979 which were used in the Mozambique bush
and brought to Zimbabwe after independence in November 1980.

Now there are 51 employees at Jongwe, many of them ex-combatants. Others were
being trained.

The party press workers have developed a unique form of production management
of planning to increase strict time control and monitor job progress.

Every worker fills in a time sheet so that the progress of each job can be
checked at every stage. A big chart in the planning section monitors overall
progress.

For the past three weeks Jongwe has been running double shifts to ensure that
delivery deadlines are met.

“But the comrades are highly motivated because this is a party Press and we
need a party Press," said Cde Ferrari.

CsO: 3400/574

155



RESCINDING OF NAVAL ORDER COMMENDED
Johannesburg ARMED FORCES in English Dec 82 p 1

[Editorial]

[Text] The prompt action by the Minister of Defence in ordering
the withdrawal of an order issued by the Navy which pro-
hibited members of the South African Navy discussing mat-
ters with Members of Parliament is to be commended. But
the original action of issuing the order in the first place
underlines an existing trend of thinking concerning the func-
tions and responsibilities of Parliament.

Let no one be under any misapprehension; it is Parliament,
via a Parliamentary majority that governs the country.
Recently there has been constant reference in some defence
circles to the Treasury: The Treasury will not supply funds:
The Treasury has cut funds: The Treasury has instructed
The Treasury is not omnipotent, a resolution of Parliament is.
While the functions of the Treasury is the administration of
the funds of the various Departments as approved by Parlia-
ment and to ensure that they are correctly allocated and
spent. To do otherwise is an offence!

In all probability the offending order was something that
had been lying around for years and was circulated by some
one who does not understand just how a Parliamentary
democracy is supposed to work.

The Minister's instruction to withdraw the order does not
mean that members of the South African Defence Force who
have real or imagined grievances must ‘hot foot’ it off to
Members of Parliament. There are correct channels for them
to follow, and institutions such as the Inspector General of
the SADF have a great deal of wallop that can be used to set
matters right.

The Minister's action clearly substantiates the rights of the
members of Parliament and is in accord with the progress
that the SADF has made in recent years in keeping opinion
makers and members of the legislatures informed about the
SADF and the current military situation. No doubt there is
still room for improvement and there is even more goodwill
that can be mustered for the SADF and perhaps MPs can ex-
ert themselves even more to assist the SADF. Their consti-
tuents constantly lobby their members on behalf of their sons
and themselves in connection with military service and the

64

SOUTH AFRICA



GABON

"AFP'. INTERVIEW WITH BONGO REPORTED
Questions French Attitude to Opposition
AB161035 Paris AFP in French 1339 GMT 15 Jan 83

[Text] Libreville, 15 Jan (AFP)—Gabonese Head of State Omar Bongo, on
the eve of the official visit of Francois Mitterrand to Gabon, questions
"France's attitude" toward opposition to his regime.

During an interview with AFP in Libreville on Saturday, Mr Bongo said that
Gabon intends that its relations with France will always be "privileged."

The Gabonese president stated that New Year's greeting cards were sent
from Paris by members of the National Recovery Movement [MORENA], a
clandestine opposition group, to Gabonese civil servants in Libreville.
These cards, with MORENA letterheads, were signed by one Paul Mba-Adessole,
a Catholic priest who presents himself as the chairman of the movement's
steering committee, and who may reside in the French capital. The follow-
ing words were printed on the cards: "May the year 1983 be a year of
victory for all the Gabonese people. We will win without arms and without
hatred."

Mr Bongo also stated that Father Mba-Abessole in November 1982 initiated
at the Paris Central Police Station a process to register an association
"Gabonese Solidarity," which according to the Gabonese head of state might
be MORENA's new name.

It is recalled that this movement is mainly fighting for the installation
of a multiparty system in Gabon.

Mr Bongo then asked how Gabonese nationals could continue to act "with
impunity" against his regime from France and if they effectively benefited
from the "protection" of some of the socialist authorities.

Last November about 30 opposition members from the MORENA were given by
the State Security Court in Libreville heavy sentences (up to 20 years of
hard labor). Mr Bongo did not, however, exclude a possible "clemency
measure" depending on "the behavior of the prisoners." "I respect human
rights," he said, "and the time will come when these men will be freed."

19



SOUTH AFRICA

MINES SET FOR A NEW LABOUR POLICY
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 21 Dec 82 p 27
[Article by Tony Davis]

[Text] Mining industry employers hope to negotiate in future with union mem-
bers of all races in a centralised negotiating structure.

A commitment to centralised bargaining is made in the year-end annual reports
of the chairmen of Anglo American's Free State gold mines, Mr Dennis Etheredge
and Mr Gerald Langton.

They note the emergence of trade unionism among black mineworkers in 1982 and
the granting of access to three black unions to recruit members on mines in
the Chamber of Mines group.

After a period of recruiting, relationships will be developed between manage-
ments and these unions, the reports say.

"In the mining industry we are committed to the principle of centralised bar-
gaining on all matters that concern the industry as a whole, although the form
it takes will have to be negotiated between all interested parties."

The chairmen say a primary objective on the mines remains the abolition of
racial discrimination in employment practices.

A major problem in this regard is to allay the fears of white workers about
their job security.

"Progress to date in such sensitive areas has been slow, mainly because of
difficulty in changing established attitudes and customs of the trade unions,"
the reports say.

The Chamber of Mines is also expected to negotiate jointly with the new Con-
federation of Associations and Mining Unions which combined unions and offi-
cials' associations.

Industrial relations audits on the mines are still being conducted annually in

an attempt to improve employment practices, industrial relations and living
conditions.

62



The spokesman also attributed the low stocks of the commodity in shops to the
Christmas and New Year holidays during which National Milling did not produce.

The company had also closed down on December 30 and 31 for annual stock-
taking.

December was traditionally the period for sales of mealie meal and the demand
was usually felt by every miller in the country, the spokesman said.

He also announced that Choma Milling Company had reduced its mealie meal sup-
plies to Lusaka in order to concentrate on the Southern Province market in
view of the growing demand from the local populace.

The effects of last year's drought were partly responsible as the majority of
both commercial and subsistence farmers who could not have an adequate harvest
had turned to industrial mealie meal.

Farmers in Southern Province were buying directly from Choma Milling Company
to feed their workers and both Choma Milling and National Milling Companies
have recently had low supplies of maize.

"In order to improve the stocks in the retail sector, the companies would need
a higher maize supply," the spokesman said.

Livingstone Mealie Meal Shortage
Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 1 Jan 83 p 1

[Text] Meanwhile, hundreds of Livingstone residents spent yesterday rushing
from one shop to another in search of mealie meal which has been out of stock
for the past two weeks.

Housewives jostled with men to get the few bags which had been off-loaded at
NIEC and Rama's Green Grocers in the town centre,

Several shoppers sweated in the scorching sun for the commodity brought in by
the Choma Milling Company which has reported booming business as most families
were now surviving on bread

Commented one weary mother: "This is terrible. We can accept any other
shortages, but when it comes to mealie meal, it becomes a matter of life and
death."

According to a spokesman for the National Milling Company, the shortage has
been caused by shortage of packing materials from Kabwe Industrial Fabrics
which also coincided with the monthend stock-taking.

The tourist capital has also been hit by a shortage of cooking oil, rice,
flour and other essential commodities in recent weeks.

138



that have addressed themselves to the

fe See
reject e jor th ical
les — the Conservative P: bs
Berstigte Nasiowshe P; =m siting
saoabenegig ( ed
Wecrian cae ‘and, Aksie Red

ate iocal Government have been
rejected by the conservative aal Muni-.

Association. i
‘On the other side the proposals have met
“with the e support of the National Party con-*
gresses — gh not before precipitating a
major tale apt in the party — and have received
support from organised co-nerceTM
Sain industry, the ‘New Republic Party, the
NGK mother church, the Administrator
conference representing provincial stinori
tes at and other smaller organisations.
The one body which has not taken up a
definite stand on the proposals is the coloured
Labour Party whose support is considered

vital in Government circles to give the new |,
tee SA Ledian even a veneer of credibility. ;
SA Indian Council, a Government-

created instrument, would have no option to

go along with whatever the Government .

Serves up as‘it has no independent existence *
structure.)

outside the Government ) H
Like all- opposition parties working within

the system, the Labour Party faces a dilem- ©

‘ma in relation to the Government plans.

Unlike the PFP, which still has the white -
Parliament as a platform from which to op-
erate, the Labour Party was instrumental in
the destruction of the Coloured Representa-
tive Council (CRC) which served as its plat-
form and as ares is facing all the problems ns
of a political party operating in the political _
wildegness.

Total rejection of the new deal would
therefore. mean ‘the further emasculation of
the Labour Party’s dwindling power-base,
while a decision to participate: would elimi-
nate any residual credibility
may have in the coloured comm

‘The party leader, the reverend al alsa Hen-
drickse, readily concedes that his party is
totally divided on the t issue of participation

it up to the party congress. — on
January 3 in Eshowe, ‘Natal — to decide
where the party is going.

In the meantime, Mr Hendrickse has been
involved in a séries of discussions with the
Minister of Constitutional Development and
Planning, Mr Chris Heunis, and clearly fa-

.Vours a course of dialogue and consultation
rather than political posturing.

[31 Dec 82 p 7]

[Text]

As long as the Government can keep Mr
Hendrickse and the leader of the Opposition,
Dr Frederik van Zy! Slabbert, on the negotiat-
ing bandwagon it is buying time for its new
plans, while the constitutional lawyers burn
the midnight oil to get the draft legislation
ready for the 1983 parliamentary session.

If the Government can keep the PFP and
the Labour party hanging on throughout the
process of bargaining on the basis of the draft

legislation, it will be well-placed to convince
them ental pro in Mhatever set-up
emerges from that process, even if significant
sections of parties bail out. emit

While there an are Frociferous and substantial
‘elements in the Labour Party that would
prefer to have nothing to do with the Govern-
‘ment plans in their present form, it is thought
unlikely that the annual congress in January
would go beyond a rejection of the proposals
in principle with a commitment to keep nego-
tiating to improve them.

The option the party chose in the case of the
CRC — to participate with a view to destroy
the institution which they regarded as inad-
equate — has been cleverly sealed off by a
Government having learnt through hard

rience.
'o guard against this the President’s Coun-
cil recommends in its second report nominal *
that veeslat ion ie passed! with o
lation can je appro:
val of only two chambers to ensure that alk.
hog and stay-aways will not be able to hijack’

: ‘The Minister of Constitutional Develop-
ment, Mr Chris Heunis, is on record as ap-
prowing in principle, the need for such

‘And while there are elements in the PFP
that would prefer to see the party withdraw
from Parliament than go into a system where.
the role of opposition was totally emasculat-
ed — by excluding opposition parties from
the standing committees for instance — it is;
unlikely that this lobby would muster a ma-
jority when the crunch came.

‘However, neither party is going to go alon,
with the new set-up without some promise
being able to improve it once they are in.

At it those prospects are limited, but
Mr Heunis has left himself some room to
manoeuvre within a considerable area of de-
tail that still has to be filled in.

It is within this area of detail that the.
Government will have to seek the co-opera-
tion of parties such as the PFP and the La-

bour Party.

Without their participation it is unlikely
that the new deal will ever move beyond the
drawing board. 4

“A coalition of civic bodies, community organisations
and trade unions has emerged as a powerful politi
cal force in the coloured community. In his third and

final report on the contitutional
Correspondent JOHN BATTERSB

Brgposals, Political

sY met with the

steering committee of a group which co- -ordinates the
activities of 24 civic bodies on the Cape Flats.



out their responsibilities effectively now and in the future. When the need
arises, the Control Committee may be expanded and increased.

The members of the Control Committee have been instructed in the history and
basic ideas of control, the role of participation of the working class, the
relationship between the Control Committee and different organizations, and
internal rules and procedures. Although there is no doubt that the partici-
pants of the seminar have grasped the theoretical aspects of the training,
each member must endeavor to apply the theory to practical situations.

The mission of the working class Control Committee is to lay the foundation
for a system of protection of national wealth and government property. Its
responsibilities are great. In order to meet these responsibilities, its
main qualification must be honesty and loyalty. Therefore, in serving the
public cause, each member has the main duty of being honest and, in carrying
out such duty, set a good example. As long as each member carries out his
responsibility with honesty, there is no reason why the national wealth can-
not be used for economic development of the country.

The controlling system is based on the public interest and existing economic
reality. The purpose of such control is to satisfy the needs of the people,
remove any obstacles to economic development, and train the people in the
spirit of socialist systems. These goals will, in turn, be highly appre-
ciated by the masses. The object of building a nation for common welfare
could not be achieved without the participation of the working class through
the Control Committee. All the members of the Control Committee should know
the importance of their mission and responsibilities and endeavor to serve
the public interest with honesty so that the objective of the Control Com-
mittee will be achieved.

9948
cso: 3403/13

12



officials, Mr Chinyoka, from the Ministry of Manpower Planning; Mr Manyonda,
personnel director of the Post & Telegraph Corporation [PTC] and Mr Brown,
PTC project director, made a visit to Mauritius last week to recruit about
50 technicians to work in the telecommunications field. [Excerpt] [Port
Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 20 Dec 82 p 5] 9693

SUGAR MILL NATIONALIZATIONS REJECIED--The nationalization of two sugar mills
and 20,000 acres belonging to sugar plants, the effects of the export duty on
industry finances, the "windfall gains" due to the 1979 and 1981 devaluations,
cash flow problems, SILU [Sugar Industry Laborers Union] and UASI [Union of
Artisans of the Sugar Industry] criticism of the industry, and the National
Trade Union Front's comments on leasing land to management were the subjects
dealt with the MSPA [Mauritius Sugar Producers' Association] during a press
conference yesterday. On the burning issue of nationalization, the president
of the MSPA, Mr Herve Koenig, stated in plain language: "We are against
nationalization. The land is cultivated efficiently by its current owners."
[Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 16 Dec 82 p 1] 9693

LAND BANK APPROVED--The Cabinet of Ministers yesterday approved the establish-
ment of a Land Bank as part of its effort aimed at better use of the Crown

Lands. This Land Bank project is included in the new government's inaugural
speech. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 17 Dec 82 p 6] 9693

cso: 3419/376

29



ZIMBABWE

CONSTRUCTION OF CONFERENCE CENTER STARTED
Harare BUSINESS-HERALD in English 23 Dec 82 p 1

[Text] WORK has started on the $65 million hotel and conference centre sched-
uled for completion in two years' time.

The Yugoslav contractors, Energoprojekt, are confident that they will meet
their deadline and say they have undertaken several similar projects elsewhere
in Africa and the Middle East under sometimes difficult conditions.

Mr Branisalz Kraguljac, managing director of the Zimbabwe branch of Energo-
projekt, said this week that although several days would be lost because of
rain and Christmas holidays, there would be an all-out drive in the new year
to make up for lost time.

Excavation started on the site near the Rowan Martin Building early this month
and the local sub-contractor, Hooper and Stopforth, is expected to finish work
this week.

The site has already been fenced and on-site offices and stores should be com-
pleted by mid-February.

Soil has been sent for laboratory testing to determine whether the foundations
should be piled. Some of the foundation work will be sub-contracted but most
will be done by Energoprojekt, which has already brought machinery into the
country from its Zambian depot and will bring more later from Yugoslavia.

Praise

Mr Kraguljac explained that although his company wanted to use as many local
sub-contractors as possible, it was cheaper for the company to bring in its
own machinery than hire local machinery, which in any case was difficult be-
cause big local contractors did not hire out their equipment.

He was full of praise for local sub-contractors and said they were better than
he had expected.

Energoprojekt has ordered 300 000 tonnes of steel from Zisco for the complex
and has negotiated with SPC Ltd to supply the cement.

149



SENEGAL

DESIRE OF CASAMANCE AREA FOR INDEPENDENCE REPORTEDLY CONTINUING PROBLEM
Paris LE MONDE in French 4 Jan 83 p 3

[Article by Pierre Biarnes: "Senegal: Dakar Remains Confronted with Casamance
Desire for Independence"]

[Text] Dakar--One week after the autonomist meeting of 26 December in Ziguinchor,
in the course of which militant members of the Movement of Democratic Forces

of Casamance tried to take down the Senegalese flag and raise their own flag,

the Government has the situation in hand in the southern province of the country.
Everyone has peacefully returned to his normal occupations, and the tourist
season is in full swing. Only a stronger than usual but discreet deployment

of military and police personnel reminds one that public order was disturbed

for a short time.

The Government, which was informed of what was being planned, reacted with
speed and efficiency. Troubles were almost immediately ended by the preventive
arrest of three of the movement's leaders. Among the leaders was the priest
of the small village of Kafountine, Rev Augustin Diamankoun Senghor (no relation
to the former president). There was a sequence of arrests and transfer to
Dakar of about 50 other persons who had been watched for several months and
who will be brought before the State Security Court, charged with an attack
against the territorial integrity of the state. On 29 December the government—
sponsored socialist party organized a large demonstration by the people, in
Ziguinchor itself, in support of national unity, at which several opposition
groups, including the Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS) of Dr Abdoulaye Wade,
were represented. In his New Year's Day speech President Diouf reaffirmed

his firm determination to defend the unity and integrity of Senegal, as well

as its democratic institutions, whatever the circumstances.

After having dealth with the most urgent matters, the government nonetheless
began to be faced with questions in Dakar on the importance and the consequences
of these developments, as well as with regard to their basic causes.

For the majority of Senegalese, the idea that some of their compatriots might
consider seceding for regionalist and ethnic reasons and begin to take action
in this direction is something incomprehensible, fundamentally contrary to
the basic realities ina country which, since its accession to independence,
has prided itself on having been a nation before it became a state.

49



ETHIOPIA

U.S. AIDS SOMALI THREAT TO PEACE
Addis Ababa ADDIS ZEMEN in Amharic 12 Oct 82 p 2
[Editorial: "False Accusation Does Not Cover the Truth")

[Text] It is a well known fact to all peace-loving communities of the
world that the basis of Revolutionary Ethiopia's foreign policy is the pro-
motion of peace, good neighborliness and common welfare. However, imperi-
alists that try to acquire military superiority worldwide and oppressor and
reactionary states of the region that have submitted to imperialist pres-
sures are attempting to undermine and disrupt Ethiopia's peace-oriented for-
eign policy.

Revolutionary Ethiopia is struggling against antipeace propaganda and mili-
tary pressure from imperialist and reactionary forces and attempting to
expose their illegal activities, while continuing to promote peace, good
neighborliness and common welfare. The Ethiopian Government has made this
position clear at the 37th UN General Assembly.

Although the objective of Ethiopia's policy of assuring world peace, releas-
ing tensions worldwide, promoting social welfare and, in general, guarantee-
ing happiness to mankind is recognized by all peace-loving nations, there
are those who fail to address themselves to these basic objectives and con-
tinue their attempts to disrupt Ethiopian efforts, depicting Ethiopia as

the aggressor. The motive of this false accusation is not only to cover up
the armed struggle of the Somali people with the Siad Barre regime, which
has reached high levels, but also to increase imperialist influence in the
region. As Ethiopia asserted at the 37th UN General Assembly, these accusa-—
tions are baseless, and solely aimed at arming and encouraging Somalia to
persue its expansionist policy and to increase military installations in
the territory.

As stated before, the masses of Ethiopia are concerned with utilizing avail-
able manpower and natural resources to lay a strong material, technical and
cultural foundation upon which the new society will be built. Consequently,
Ethiopia does not want nor has a desire to invade Somalia. It is Somalia
that follows a policy of expansion and invasion, creating a threat to world
peace and imposing a major obstacle to development and cooperation in the
region, continuing its accusations that Ethiopia is the aggressor.

15



The Arab League is owed K12.7 million for unspecified projects. Canada is
owed K120.6 million mainly for the development of Zambia railways, Bank of
Zambia and Maize storage.

Meanwhile, the party has been resisting demands from minority shareholders in
Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines (ZCCM) to close down unprofitable mines such

as Luanshya division.

But President Kaunda said yesterday that such demands had been thrown out and
the government had refused.

President Kaunda said for sometime now SCCM minority shareholders had been
agitating for closure of some mines including Luanshya and Bwana Mkubwa.

cso: 3400/641

136



SOUTH AFRICA

HSRC INVESTIGATION INTO CAUSES OF REIGER PARK RIOTS REPORTED
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 Dec 82 p 17
[Article by Sheryl Raine]

[Text] Grievances which led to unrest in Reiger Park last year went back to
at least 1961, according to a report by the HSRC which presents a clear time-
table for a riot.

The problems in the area began when Zindabad, an Indian area outside Boksburg,
was converted into a coloured group area on October 27, 1961. Zindabad was
later renamed Reiger Park.

Residents interviewed by HSRC researchers remembered, and resented, their has-
ty removal to Reiger Park on orders from the Department of Community Develop-
ment in its enforcement of the Group Areas Act.

Further resentment brewed among coloured businessmen who were ordered out of
Benoni to Reiger Park where there were no compensatory business premises
available for them.

These feelings of injustice were aggravated when 14 Indian families were al-
lowed to stay in Reiger Park.

From Press reports, it appears that population growth, insufficent land for
expansion, and the unwillingness and inability of the white town of Boksburg
to foot the bill for developing its unwelcome coloured stepchild, led to a
housing shortage, a lack of business premises and a growing slum.

The HSRC found that coloured residents began to blame their plight on the few
Indian traders and residents living in the area.

The Indian residents--whose houses and business premises could never have al-
leviated the chronic housing shortage at Reiger Park even if these premises
were given to the coloured community—-came to be seen as the obstacles stand-
ing in the way of relief from overcrowding.

According to The Star's records, it appears that no action was taken on ap-
peals from the Reiger Park Management Committee, whose job it was to advise
the Boksburg Town Council of the coloured people's needs.

82



MORE REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL, COOPERATIVE BANKS URGED

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 14 Dec 82 p 9

[Text]

CSO:

MANAGING Director of United
Bank for Africa Limited, Alhaji
Umaru Mutallab, last Wednes-
day at a symposium organised
by the Ministry of Water Resour-
ces, in Lagos suggested the
establishment of 11 new regional
agricultural and co-operative:
banks in the catchment areas of
the River Basin Development
authorities in the country to en-
sure the success of the Green
Revolution programme. .

He said tat commercial
should be invited to participate in
the management of such banks.

Alhaji Umaru said that states
without Agricultural Credit

ratives and Loans boar
ld establish them and adopt
a multi-tier banking system to in-
crease the availability of banking
facilities to all’ Nigerians in-
‘dluding farmers. TEP Reems me

Alhaji Umaru said that
agricultural credit should also be
combined with a massive drive ta.
‘organise small farmers into co-

tives to enable them reap

e full: benefits of ban
assistance and. tritegrateif rural.
development.

He stressed the need
to implement a reha-
bilitation programme

3400/581

36

for cocoa, palm kernel,
groundnut, cotton and
rubber to save some in-
dustries the rigours of
importing basic raw ma-
terials.

Earlier, the Minister
of Water Resources, Dr.

Dr. Emmanuel Atanu
‘stated that the Federal Gover
ment had provided a 55 million
Naira loan to the eleven River
‘Basin Development authorities
for disbursement to farmers.

Dr. Atanu explained that the
fund was provided to reduce the’
constraints of obtaining loans by
the rural farmers. adding that “it
has become mperative that w
must ‘xeturn to the land
replenish the treasury since 0
our dominant source of foreign
exchange has shown signs of its
inability tosustain our foreign ex-
change demands”.

He :appealed to state Severn:
ments, farmers Co-operatives:
and the Nigerian Labour Con-.
‘gress to help in mobilising and
educating the rural farmers to
co-operate with the: basin

-authorities in order to improve
their status.

NIGERIA



SOUTH AFRICA

1982: ONE OF BLEAKEST YEARS FOR BLACK COMMUNITY
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 Dec 82 p 9
[Article by Jon Sqelane]

[Text] The year got off to a discouraging start with matric results proving
to be the worst for many years.

The examination was plagued by leaks and the failure rate at some Soweto
schools was reported to be as high as 90 percent. More than 8 000 candidates
had to resit examinations.

The beginning of the year also saw the commemmoration of the 70th anniversary
of the African National Congress, the movement that would dominate headlines
for most of the year.

The long-awaited reports of the Rabie and Steyn commissions were tabled in
Parliament.

The Rabie Commission found, among other points, that the Azanian Peoples Or-
ganisation was "apparently prepared to use all possible means to put pressure
on the authorities, even if it meant that the country was weakened by this and
placed in jeopardy."

Many saw this as a possible first step towards total action against the
movement.

The Steyn Commission, which investigated the media, noted that the all-black
Media Workers Association of SA was a front for other elements and this also
stirred black newsmen to think their positions might be threatened.

For the average Soweto householder, life was not all that easy, either.
A new craze among township gangsters was to break into homes, tie the resi-
dents with wire coat hangers, eat all the available food, sexually molest the

women, beat up the men, and make off with money and goods. The era of the
feared "Wire Gang" had dawned.

77



SOUTH AFRICA

CORRESPONDENT EXAMINES GOVERNMENT'S REFORM PLANS

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 29, 30, 31 Dec 82

{Articles by John Battersby, 3-part series]

[29 Dec 82 p 9]

[Text]

The Government’s plans to bring coloureds and Indi-

ans into a junior political partnership with whites
have met with strong opposition from a wide spec-
trum of organisations. In a three-part series, starting
today, Political Correspondent JOHN BATTERSBY
examines the broader response of the coloured com-

munity to the Government

chances of success...

THE Government's constitutional pro-

posals have so far managed to unite thi
extreme ri and et of Sout Arica

definition the proposals are re}
the ar of Soult Atticans
exclude blacks — more

P
Han 7 ie ponuiatin— om a 7
cent lon-1
‘Mr Jaap Marais’ Herstigte Nasionale Par-
and Oliver Tambo’s exiled African

proposals.
Within the confines of white politics the
proposals haye served as the basis for a new
alignment between left and right in Afri-
kanerdom and has caused confusion in tradi-
‘tional ition politics.
AS there has been bo ota ae ota
jlic’s response proposals by way of a
Peferendum or election and it seems as
thbugh the Government prepared
take the risk involved in having a referendum
— once an option favoured by Nationalists —
even among whites, coloureds and Indians.
It is true that two general elections have
been won by the National Party since the
original proposals

were adopted by the NP in
‘However, the adapted 1982 version of the
Government's constitutional has so
far only the gauntlet of Nationalist

and federal congresses.
From the left it has been rejected by the
Black Alliance, headed by the KwaZulu

plans and examines their

léader, Chief Gatsha Buthelezi, and embrac-
img the coloured Labour Party, the Indian
Reform Party and the majority party in

It also received a qualified rejection
from the Progressive Federal Party and the

(Assomac).
Both the PFP and Assomac have indicated,
however at wale they reject {the Proposals
iple, are prepared to nego
bargain with the Government with a view
pro’

‘The South African Indian Council has point-
ed to the negative aspects of the pian and has
called on the Government to hold a referen-
test the reaction of the Indian com-

lan.
proy on local government have
the Cape Town City Council -

— has rejectedTM
plans and aligned itself fully .
with the Black Alliance. ’
“The proposals have also drawn strong re-

the
can Students (Nusas), black isations
such as Azapo, Thsaso and Cosas. as well as
trade unions and community organisations



Round-the-clock. detectives netted many suspects and a lengthy case is before
the Soweto Regional Court at Portea where 14 alleged Wire Gan members are fac~
ing charges.

In February former Soweto student leader Khotso Seatlholo, who left the coun-
try and formed the SA Youth Revolutionary Council while in exile, was tried,
together with his girlfriend, Masabata Loate, for charges related to terror-
ism. Seatlholo was arrested in Soweto after secretly re-entering the country.
He was sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment. Loate received a five-year
sentence.

On April Fools' Day everyone was hit with rising costs on many commodities.

Petrol, bricks and telephone calls all went up on that day while rail fares,
fees for out-patients at Transvaal Provincial Administration hospitals and
bond rates for home owners were also increased.

Discrimination based on colour showed forcefully when Springbok trampolinist
Archie Siwisa was not allowed to practise at the Oribi Recreation Centre in
Johannesburg at certain times. He was practising to represent South Africa at
the world championships which were held in America.

An incident that united the divided black community was the announcement by
the Government that it would hand the Ingewavuma and kaNgwane land blocks to
Swaziland--and Swaziland's acceptance of the offer.

So incensed were blacks--and whites--that, for the time being, traditional
ideological differences were set aside.

A series of court actions followed the announcement and the Government replied
with proclamations annulling the court decisions.

The kaNgwane Government was. also dissolved and control of the homeland's af-
fairs placed under the Department of Co-operation and Development.

Further court action by the Government of kwaZulu was successful and the two
blocks of land were restored to South Africa. The kaNgwane Government was
re-instated.

Three condemned members of the ANC, found guilty of treason and terrorism, had
their death sentences commuted to life imprisonment. They were Petrus Tsepo
Mashego, Naphthali Manana and Ncimbithi Johnson Lubisi.

The crackdown by Security Police on trade unionists continued and promises by
the Minister of Law and Order that a mammoth trial would be heard were not
fulfilled. He had insisted that the arrests had nothing to do with the work
of the detainees as unionists.

Leading trade unionist Mr Joe Mavi died when his car was involved in a crash
on a journey from Port Elizabeth.

78



SATS ORDERS LOCOMOTIVES--South African Transport Services has ordered 50 new
electric locomotives at a cost of R47,5 million. Electrical components for
the locomotives are to be made in Japan, while the mechanical parts are to be
supplied in South Africa by the Union Carriage & Wagon Company of Nigel, a
SATS spokesman said in Johannesburg today. Union Carriage is also to assem-
ble the locomotives, which will have a 48 percent local content. The spokes-
man said the locomotives, which will be the most powerful in service in South
Africa, will be used to haul coal wagons between Witbank and Ermelo. The
first 10E locomotive is due to be delivered in December 1984, with the last
scheduled for delivery in April 1986. Each locomotive costs about R950 000.
In service on the coal fields, four of the new locomotives will be used to tow
100 coal-laden trucks, with a total mass of 10 400 tons. Railway lines be-
tween Witbank and Ermelo are to be reinforced to take the weight. [Text]
{Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Dec 82 p ]1

OIL RIG--DURBAN-~A full staff complement has been hired and logistical plan-
ning completed for the commencement of extensive oil-drilling operations about
20 km north-east of durban, Soekor's general manager Dr Piet van Zyl announced
yesterday. He was optimistic that operations would result in a find, but said
this was self-evident for such massive investment would not otherwise be war—
ranted. Indications of sea bed deposits off the city's coastline had been
known about for some time but were not hitherto fully investigated because a
rig had not been available. It would have cost at least R3-million to move
Soekor's other rig from its present Mossel Bay location. Final costs of the
Durban undertaking, including the full contract price of the rig Actinia,
could amount to R100-million. Dr Van Zyl said work would commence within days
of the Actinia's expected arrival from Japan in February. Two holes would be
sunk a few kilometres apart. More than 80 men of various professional capa-
bilities would make the rig their home for the minimal three-month period re-
quired to undertake intitial operations--and they would “obviously be there
quite a lot longer" if true deposits were found. The availability of good
source rock around the country's coast and improved drilling techniques, as
well as Soekor's recent successes, had created a favourable climate for oil
discoveries. However, wells would need to yield at least 20 000 barrels of
oil a day with reserves to last at least 15 years to be considered economical-
ly viable. Durban, close to the Richards Bay-Reef pipeline, was the ideal
place for an oil discovery--"in fact from our point of view there could not be
a better site," Dr Van Zyl said. Arrangements had already been made for regu-
lar air and sea shuttles between the city and the rig. A helicopter and the
recently-launched Voortrekker would be on hand to transport crew and supplies
of food and equipment. Dr Van Zyl said the land search for oil abandoned by
soekor four years ago would not be resumed. He said it was unlikely even a
significant oil find would result in a drop in fuel prices because of the
high costs involved in extraction and refining. [Text] [Johannesburg RAND
DAILY MAIL in English 30 Dec 82 p 3]

METROPOLITAN OILS GROUP--IT could be the largest company of its kind in the
world. It is based in Johannesburg, operates in several countries abroad and
is relatively unknown in South Africa. The Metropolitan Oils group has
chalked up worldwide sales of R23-million this year, with around R8-million
emanating from its warranty activities and the balance generated from sales of

113



POLICE SWOOP ON ANC MEMBERS DISCUSSED

Mbabane THE SWAZI OBSERVER in English 24 Dec 82 p 4

(Editorial:
[Text]
cso: 3400/577

"Swoop Raises Queries"]

THE recent swoop on African National Congress
members by the Royal Swaziland Police has no
doubt raised a lot of questions both from within
and outside these borders. The move has raised an
outcry from. ANC sympathisers while there is a
sigh of relief from people who happen to live next
to the ANC who have sometimes been living in
fear of bomb attacks as was demonstrated at
Zakhele in 1980 and more recently this year when
a car belonging to an ANC man was sabotaged at
Matsapha.

This country is committed to the looking after
of refugees as mentioned in international
agreements which Swaziland has signed.
However, the country has sometimes found itself
in a cul de sac when deciding just who is a refugee
and who is using his refugeee status to spring at-
tacks on South Africa.

Swaziland has made her stand clear that she will
not be used as a springboard for attacks against
South Africa. The attack on ANC bases in
Maseru could have forced the Royal Swaziland
Police to' round up the ANC and keep them in a
place of safety, thus ensuring not only their. won
safety but also that of their Swazi friends.

Although it hasn’t been said officially that this
was so, one can only draw this inference from the
action.

The attack on Maseru showed that there’s little
that can be done by our own security forces or
police to stop South Africa once it decides to take.
action against what it considered a threat to its
own security.

Naturally, Swaziland should worry about the
safety of its own people and those of refugees en-
suring things did not get out of hand. Whether the
move was right or wrong only time will tell...

116

SWAZILAND



MAURITIUS

JUGNAUTH ON CHAGOS ARCHIPELAGO
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 21 Dec 82 p 4

[Text] In a press conference that he gave yesterday in New Delhi, India,
Prime Minister Aneerood Jugnauth took a firm stand against the "illegal occu-
pation" of the Mauritian archipelago of the Chagos by Great Britain. The
island of Mauritius, he said, will not cease to demand the Chagos Islands
from Great Britain, which include the atoll of Diego Garcia which has been
converted into a super military base: Mr-Jugnauth also stated that his gov-
ernment finds the argument of the United States according to which Diego
Garcia is used as a base to maintain peace unacceptable.

Mr Jugnauth told the journalists that he and his government will continue to
raise the issue in all international forums until the Chagos Islands are re-
stored to Mauritius.

He stated that his government is conducting the struggle for retrocession of
the Chagos on two fronts: "First of all, we are saying that there is illegal
occupation of our national territory. And, we are also saying that the is-
lands must be restored to us in order for peace to be maintained in the Indian
Ocean."

In speaking of the compensation agreed to by Great Britain for the Tlois peo-
ple who were forced to leave the Chagos, Mr Jugnauth stressed that in accept-
ing this money, they were not in any way prejudicing the Mauritian claim to
the archipelago.

The British press agency REUTERS, which reports Mr Jugnauth's remarks, notes
that the issue of the Chagos is to be raised in March at the summit meeting of
non-aligned countries in New Delhi at which the Mauritian prime minister will
be present. Furthermore, India is currently trying to convene a conference of
the Indian Ocean nations, probably in 1984, to promote the establishment of a
peace zone in the region, especially by excluding superpower rivalry.

South Africa: "Mauritius Will Reduce Its Commercial Dependence"
Speaking of trade relations between Mauritius and South Africa, Mr Aneerood
Jugnauth told the journalists in New Delhi that Mauritius will turn toward

countries like India in order to gradually reduce its commercial dependence
on Pretoria.

23



ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

DEATH FOR TREASON FOR SEVEN--All the eight men called upon to defend their in-
volvement in the coup attempt in 1980 have been convicted, seven sentenced to
death and one to 10 years imprisonment with hard labor. All access roads to

and strategic points around the Lusaka High Court were effectively under guard

by paramilitary police. A lengthy judgement by Mr Justice Dennis Chirwa ended

in finding the seven men guilty of treason and an eighth man guilty of mis-—
prison of treason. The seven men guilty of treason are former prominent lawyer
Edward Shamwana, former governor of the Bank of Zambia Valentine Musakanya,
former general manager of the National Building Society Goodwin Yorum Mumba,

and four others: Zairean politician Deogratias Symba, Albert Chilambe Chimbalile,
Thomas Mulewa Mupunga and Roger Kanyembu Kabwita, the one found guilty of mis-
prision of treason is former Zambia Air Force Major Anderson Mporokoso. The
trial started in February last year on the main charge (?of attempting to)
overthrow the Zambian Government in October 1980. [Text] [MB211349 Lusaka
Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 20 Jan 83]

NUJOMA THANKS ZIMBABWEANS--The leader of SWAPO, Comrade Nujoma, is grateful
to the people of Zimbabwe for financial assistance given to his organization
in 1981 when the year of solidarity with the Namibian people was celebrated.
He told the Zimbabwean Broadcasting Corporation that SWAPO liberation forces
are now in control of large areas of Namibia, and the enemy forces of the
Pretoria regime can only penetrate with the backing of the airforce. Com-
rade Nujoma said the enemy has a total of 100,000 troops in Namibia in an
effort to suppress the liberation struggle led by his forces. [Text]
[MB161217 Harare Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT 16 Jan 83]

cso: 3400/595

148



Workshop Held on Participation of Trade Unions in Development
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 3, 1 Jan 83)....... weer ce cence tne eeenes

Chiluba's Speech, Vetting Resolution
Zimba's Briefing on Resolutions
Minister's Closing Speech

Kaunda Press Conference on Loan Reschedul ing
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 14 Jan 83)......eeeeeeeeee ea eeceeccees

Mealie Meal Shortage in Lusaka Becoming Criticial
(DAILY MAIL, various dates)........ bee eee cece e ence eee

Most Shops Reportedly Empty
Shortage Attributed to Panic Buying
Livingstone Mealie Meal Shortage
Chipata Mealie Meal Shortage

Government Reviewing Small Scale Gem Miners' Licences

(DAILY MAIL, 6 Jan 83) .....ccc cece eee c ee ceecenees bee ee eee
Milingo Confirms Kidnap Attempt, Holds Mass With Pope

(DAILY MAIL, 4 Jan 83) ..... cece secs cee ceeenc eens seca noes
Some Firms Might Have Had To Close Without Price Increases

(DAILY MAIL, 5 Jan 83).......06- Ae eae eee eee een e en neee oe
ZCCM Determined to Zambianize Expatriates' Positions

(DAILY MAIL, 6 Jan 83)... seeeeeesressccceeee erry
Dairy Official Announces Wholesale, Retail Milk Price

Rises
(DAILY MAIL, 1 Jan 83).......... babar eter cccscvscnecccees

Prolonged Drought in Major Maize Growing Areas To Affect
Harvest
(DAILY MAIL, 3 Jan 83)..

NORAD Agrees To Finance Soil Survey Unit
(DAILY MAIL, 31 Dec 82)..

Chililabombwe, Copperbelt Take Cholera Prevention Measures
(DAILY MAIL, 1 Jan 83)..... . bee eee

Briefs
Death for Treason for Seven
Nujoma Thanks Zimbabweans

ZIMBABWE

Construction of Conference Center Started
(BUSINESS-HERALD, 23 Dec 82)....... bee eee e eee e eee eeee oe

132

135

137

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

148

149



ZAMBIA

MILINGO NOTES REPORTED FORMATION OF MILINGO CHURCH

+

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 31 Dec 82 p 1

[Text] THERE are reports at the Vatican in Rome that a "Milingo Church" has
been formed in Zambia.

_ The reported "formation" of the "Milingo Church" has been revealed by Arch~
bishop Emmanuel Milingo himself in a letter to the Editor-in-Chief of this

paper, Naphy Nyalugwe.

The hand-written letter by the archbishop, believed to be his first correspon-
dence to the Zambian Press since his "banishment" to Rome early this year, was
written on November 30.

In the letter he signed as Archbishop of Lusaka, he said that he had been of-
ficially asked to plead with the people to keep calm.

The letter says: "A word is going round that there is now in Zambia a Milingo
church. However, up till today I have not yet been enrolled in it as a
member.

"What I want to say is that I have not yet received an invitation to join it.
I am wondering how this church can dare use my name."

Archbishop Milingo said the reports on the "formation" of the church were be-
ing spread in order to discredit the church in Zambia.

He stresses that it has never occurred to him to launch his own church, ad-
ding: "I belong to the church founded by Jesus Christ. I continue his work
and I shall do so as long as I live. There is only one Catholic church in
Zambia."

He ends the letter: "You would die alive if only you-knew what category of
people are fabricating these lies. They lie without hesitation."

About a fortnight ago, this paper published a confidential report written by
two senior officials of the Catholic Church to the Pope's local representa-
tive which led to the "recall" of the Zambian prelate to Rome.

The report by former vicar general Father Francis Taylor and former pastoral
coordinator Father Andrew Edele, portrayed Archbishop Milingo as "a witch with
an Africanist stance",

cso: 3400/580 13t



Chipata Mealie Meal Shortage
Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 6 Jan 83 p 5

{Text] Meanwhile, ZANA reports that the shortage of mealie meal that has hit
Chipata and other towns in the province since Christmas is due to a cut-down
on manpower at the milling plant.

Reacting to reports that his union was hoarding mealie meal in anticipation of
new prices this year, Eastern Province Co-operative Union general manager, Mr.
John Sankhulani said there had been a sporadic shortage of the commodity since
Christmas because the mill was operating on a one-shift basis as most workers
had gone on their annual christmas and New Year holidays.

He said the situation would come back to normal and consumers would have their
regular supplies as usual.

cso: 3400/573

139



ZAMBIA

PROLONGED DROUGHT IN MAJOR MAIZE GROWING AREAS TO AFFECT HARVEST
Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 3 Jan 83 p 1

[Excerpt] THE PROLONGED drought in major maize growing areas of Eastern and
Southern provinces will have "serious adverse effects" on this year's crop
harvest.

Minister of Agriculture and Water Development, Mr Unia Mwila said in Lusaka
yesterday that unless the rainfall pattern changed in the next few days, the
maize crop would be adversely affected.

He was commenting on the current dry spell which has given rise to fears and
anxiety among farmers some of whom are already predicing very poor yields.

Mr Mwila said the Party and its government were very concerned about the pre-
vailing situation because the worst hit provinces form the maize belt.

Although Northern, Luapula and North-Western provinces had not been seriously
affected by the drought, they do not produce enough maize and concentrate on
cassava which is the staple food.

The ministry is monitoring the rainfall pattern to see whether there will be
an improvement soon,

The Meteorological Department has predicted an indefinite dry spell as long
as the high pressure system in Botswana continues to blow dry air into Zambia.

Mr Mwila, however, said most farmers had done extremely well in their prepara-
tions for the current season. Some had extended their farms and had bought a
lot of seed.

It was unfortunate that the preparations were wasted efforts because the an-
ticipated improvement in yields would not be attained.

The minister reiterated that in view of the fluctuating rainfall pattern,
Zambia should develop a reliable irrigation system if she was to boost agri-
cultural production.

cso: 3400/573
145



[Text]

cso:

{Article by Sulaiman Gambari]

MEASURES AGREED UPON TO PREVENT RELIGIOUS UPRISINGS

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Dec 82 p 28

NIGERIA

THE Kaduna State Commissioner of Police, Alhaji Hamza Katsina, has advised all muslim
leaders in the state to keep the peace in their own interest and that of the nation.

Addressing leaders of Izala and Darika religious sects in his office last Friday, Alhaji Hamza
noted that following religious disturbances in Kaduna, certain religions had been calling members
of a religious sect names to cause trouble.

This development, he said, was
disheartening, pointing out that it
-was time to apply the break in the.
_interest of peace.

He*said it was not the duty of
“the police to intervene or prevent:
people from worshipping buf.
maintained that if religious
preachings developed into what
“could lead to the breach of peace
and loss of lives, the police had tq
“come in.

Alhaji Hamza gave some in-
stances where some people
numbering about 500‘had planned
to attack those preaching with
recorded cassettes calling some.
péople “kafir’. meaning infidels
and warned that the police would
not fold its arms. .,.

“We .do not prevent -people
from religious propagation, what
we do not like is an attempt by
any religious organisation to in-
voive itself in activities capable

3400/581

of leading to a breach of peace,
law and order’, he declared

The: commissioner reminded
them that the purpose of convey-
ing the meeting was to ensure

“that peace and tranquillity reign-

ed supreme in the state, pointing
out that this could only be achiev-
ed if ‘there is tolerance’.

The highlight of the various
suggestions made and endorsed
by the leaders of the two sects to
ensure peace in the state were
then listed.

It was agreed that any Koranic
preacher should obtain permis-
sion from the District Police Of-
ficer'(DPO) in his area! The DPO
would’ in turn detail police and
some preachers from the two
sects to attend,

It was also agreed that all
cassettes meant for preaching
should be banned and that
posters depicting any sect in bad
light be prohibited.

38

They” resolved that
loudspeakers could only bé used
for calling the prayers or be used
for preaching during the day. It
must not be used after’magarib

prayers, that is, after 6.30 p.m.

It was agreed that periodic
meetings sith inuslim leaders
should be convened by the Com:
missioner of Police and that
anyone coming to> preach in
Kaduna must obtain approval
from his sect which would then
contact the police for necessary
arrangements.

Those who attended the
meeting were Alhaji Ali Muham-
madu Dan Zaria. Alhaji Zubairu
Sirajo. Alhaji Sharif Mustafa
Idris, Alhaji Muhammadu Aminu
and Alhaji A.1. Umaru Sanda

Others were Alhaji Ahmadu
Gellesu. Alhaji Rabiu  Daura.
Alhaji Umaru Hassan, Alhaji Sidi
Ali Sokoto and Alhaji Tukyr Isa.



TANZANIA

UGANDA

ZAIRE

ZAMBIA

Tanzanian Party Executive Issues Statement on Constitution
(Dar Es Salaam, 23 Jan 83) ...cccccsecvcccsncceeevers a eeee

Jumbe on Zanzibar's Economic Ills
(Zanzibar Domestic Service, 12 Jan 82)....csseeeeeeceece .

Briefs
"Inciting Unrest' Attempted
Several Arrested on Sedition Charges
U.S. Congressmen Visit

Briefs
Muwanga Accuses MP's
Guerrilla Incidents

Briefs
Relations With Lebanon

Minister Hails Saudi Involvement in Nation's Economic
Development
(DAILY MAIL, 1 Jan 83).....-seeee0e oe

ADF Grants Two Loans To Finance Agricultural, Educational
Projects
(DAILY MAIL, 1 Jan 83)......-eeeeeee dee e were ee eene wees

Government To Introduce Stringent Control Over Imported
Goods
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 3 Jan 83)......

Episcopal Conference Says Confidential Report on Milingo ‘False’

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 5 Jan 83).....eeeeeeeeeeee bene eee en eee
Businessmen Hail Decision Granting Representation on Prices
Body
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 6 Jan 83)......eeeeeeee seen cece eeeee eee

Milingo Notes Reported Formation of Milingo Church
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 31 Dec 82)..

118

119

122
122
122

123
123

124

125

126

128

129

130



COST OF PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM DETAILED

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 16 Dec 82 p 7

{Article by Joseph Ogbu]

[Text]

RECENTLY, one. of
our law makers obser-
ved that the presiden-
tial system was too
costly for Nigeria. He
therefore, suggested
cutting down the size
of the various political”
appointees. .

He also felt that the
number of senators
from each state.
should be ‘3’ instead
of ‘5’ and a good num-
ber of advisers at the
Federal and state levels
dropped. —

Before then, Or. Nnamdi
Azikiwe had suggested our
returning to. our old
parliamentary system.
He must have observed that
we are not ripe for the
Presidential system, while
the honourable law maker
made his observations
because of the high cost of
running new system.

Perhaps there are many

je in this country who ac-
tually don’t know that the na-
tion’s economy is being over-
stretched by our Presidential
system of’ government.

Those who criticised the ar-
my for ‘squandering’ the na-
tion’s wealth may now have a
different view. .

32

Did the Army actually

squander our money? I would

categorically say ‘NO’ vis-a-
vis the new system.

There were only 19 military
governors who continued to be
on the pay roll of the army.
Even if there were no military

“administration, they would
have continued on the sam
salary.- .

The Head of State was also.
on the Army pay roll. The dif-
ference now is that the nation

has to cater for the under-
mentioned political
appointees: -

Can anybody imagine how
much it is costing the nation to
select candidates for the 1983
elections? One can then ap-
preciate what the real cost
will be for the main election.

Some of the figures quoted
above may not be very ac-
curate because I have tried to
use average figures in terms
of salaries.

For instance, the Senators,
and members of House of

Representatives and state
legislatures have been lumped
together even-though there
are salary differentials bet-
ween the Senate President, his
deputy and other Senators.
ie same applies to the
Speakers, their deputies and
their other fellow members.
I also used an arbitrary
’ figure of 30 per state in arriv-
ing at the total number of local
ovts in the country. We all
fnow that some states have 50

NIGERIA



and hotel complex in the township's proposed central business district in
Jabulani. The investment will be made in accordance with government's White:
Black 49:51 ratio for such undertakings. This is revealed by the Financial
Mail this week. Checkers is the first corporate White investor to be granted
30-year leashold rights in a Black area. Other groups are likely to follow
suit in developments that could see Soweto's massive spending power relocated
into the Black areas itself. The FM says that the Holiday Inn chain is an-
other big name waiting in the wings. A hotel project was approved late last
year by the Soweto Community council, but was only made public on confirma-
tion of the leasthold right granted by Government in terms of recent legisla-
tion on White business rights in Black group areas. [Text] [Johannesburg THE
CITIZEN in English 7 Jan 83 p 18]

COPE REJECTS PLAN--CAPE TOWN--The Congress of the People believed its stand in
relation to the constitutional proposals should be clearly restated to afford
all thinking South Africans an opportunity to realistically assess the situ-
ation, Mr Peter Marais, national leader of Cope, said in a statement in Cape
Town yesterday. Our rejection of certain elements of these proposals is based
on the fact that no provision is made for even the most gradual phasing out of
apartheid. On the contrary, the proposals seek to hallow this separatist
ethic by embodying it in the constitution," Mr Marais said. "The very concept
of a racially separated tri-cameral Parliament is the greatest height to which
ethnicity could be elevated. As things stand now, the Coloured and Indian
chambers will become the administrators of apartheid with absolutely no chance
of bringing about any change," he said. "Cope admits freely that changes have
taken place in South Africa," he said, "But these changes are availble only to
those who can afford to buy their way past apartheid and send their children
to private mixed schools. Cope saw a commitment to phase out apartheid as the
only precursor to the process of constitutional reform, if such reform was
aimed at bringing about lasting peace and stability in South Africa. [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 7 Jan 83 p 2]

POOR MAIZE CROP--THE drought now gripping South Africa is so widespread there
are fears the country's maize crop may be even less than last years’. A
spokesman for the National Maize Producers' Organisation, Mr L Bosman, said:
"Last year the national maize crop was 8,3-million tons, which was far short
of our record crop of 14,6-million tons in 1981. If we do not get a decent
rainfall in the next week or two there is a great danger this year's crop will
fail to match last year's mediocre crop. Mr Bosman said 20 percent of the na-
tional crop had been planted early and the lack of rain had ruined it. The
rest of the crop had been planted later in the year and with substantial rain
there was potential for a crop to equal last year's. "The drought started
early in the year," said Mr Bosman. "It caught the maize when it was young
and vulnerable and has done a lot of harm. If the rains do come, the crop
might just struggle through. But I don't hold much hope." The size of the
maize crop over the past few years in South Africa has fluctuated consider-
ably. In 1980, 10,6-million tons of maize was harvested and in 1981 a bumper
crop of 14,6-million tons was harvested. Although there is no danger of a
national maize shortage at present, if this year's crop fails to match last
years, maize may be in short supply for a while. [Text] [Johannesburg THE
CITIZEN in English 6 Jan 83 p 3]

112



ETHIOPIA

NATIONAL WEALTH MANAGEMENT KEY TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Addis Ababa ADDIS ZEMEN in Amharic 24 Oct 82 p 2
[Editorial: "The Source of Economic Development")

[Text] There is no question that the key to economic development of a coun-
try is careful management and appropriate use of the national wealth and
government property. However, the issue here is how and who should manage
the national wealth and government property.

After the Ethiopian revolution, the question was answered by issuing a
proclamation that established the Control Committee of the Working Class
and Special Court. However, establishment of the Control Committee and
Special Court alone was apparently not enough for the management and appro—
priate use of national wealth and government property.

To have a watch dog of the national wealth and to control it, two more ele-
ments were required, namely an organization and authority to interpret the
proclamation and operate the organization. Inhibiting the creation of such
an organization is the problem of skilled manpower shortages. However,
this problem is not unique to revolutionary Ethiopia, it is a problem for
all developing countries and is an obstacle to the development of these
nations.

Despite the problem of skilled manpower shortages, a good job could still
be done by dedicated and patriotic individuals. Therefore, the work and
the responsibility of the working class Control Committee is important to
building the national economy and welfare of the masses.

Unlike the past order, the government property is not owned by a few rich
persons; public property is not private property. Each honest citizen must
pay attention to the protection of the national wealth and government prop—
erty. The Control Committee of the working class must especially endeavor
to carry out its responsibility.

To interpret this public objective into practice, the Control Committee of
the working class is being organized on a national and regional level, and
within major production and distribution facilities. The members of the

Control Committee are participating in seminars to assist them in carrying

11



CHAD

MINISTER MAHAMAT TOURS INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE
Ndjamena INFO TCHAD in French 17 Dec 82 pp 5, 6
fArticle: "Comrade Soumaila Mahamat in Sarh and Moundou"/

/Text/ The minister delegated to the presidency and responsible for
information, Soumaila Mahamat, left Ndjamena yesterday morning for a business
trip to Sarh and Moundou. Comrade Soumaila was accompanied on the trip by
his departmental head, the program executive for the Chadian National
Broadcasting Service, and several information officers, one of which was from
the Chadian Press Agency.

The minister delegated to the presidency and responsible for information will
visit the informational infrastructure in the places mentioned. Comrade
Soumaila will familiarize himself with the working conditions of the informa-
tion officers at Radio Moundou and Radio Sarh. During the working sessions
that he will have with the personnel of his department in the southern section
of the country, Comrade Soumaila will draw attention to the primary role
information plays in the present phase of the development of our country.

He will give the necessary instructions to permit these two provincial
stations to play the same formative and sensitizing role as the National
Broadcasting Service. For the minister of information it will be a matter of
studying practical means for strengthening the significant relations existing
among the national media.

The intended objectives, which consists in promoting the development of the
human mentality, to make man an agent for unity and peace, will be emphasized
once again.

Established as a result of the circumstances, the different branches of the
media which are operating in the provinces now make it possible to have greater
impact on the people. The provincial radio stations compensate in some
measure for the weakness of the national station in Ndjamena. Because of
their direct links with their listeners, they undeniably have a major role to
play in the emancipation of the Chadian people.

9824
CSO: 3419/373



Briefs
French Financing Agreements Signed

NIGERIA

Cost of Presidential System Detailed
(Joseph Ogbu; NEW NIGERIAN, 16 Dec 82)...

NPP Resolutions Include Change of Name
(Tari Febabor; DAILY TIMES, 21 Dec 82)..

Ibadan Bishop Describes Country as Corrupt
(NEW NIGERIAN, 14 Dec 82)..

More Regional Agricultural, Cooperative Banks Urged
(NEW NIGERIAN, 14 Dec 82)..

Katsina Steel Mill Production Reported
(Olu Adebayo; NEW NIGERIAN, 14 Dec 82)....

Measures Agreed Upon To Prevent Religious Uprisings
(Sulaiman Gambari; NEW NIGERIAN, 15 Dec 82)......+.+00- we

Background of Borno Religious Uprisings Given
(Abdullahi Idris; NEW NIGERIAN, 14 Dec 82).......-..------

Federal Government Gives Out Fishing Equipment
(Kola King; NEW NIGERIAN, 15 Dec 82).......-.+00- ee ee ewes .

Introduction of Sales Tax Urged
(NEW NIGERIAN, 15 Dec 82)....+seeeeeeee Ae eee eee e erence oe

Passengers, Customs Personnel Dismayed by Police
(Chris Obinagwam; DAILY TIMES, 24 Dec 82).......... se eeeee

Steel Production, Mineral Resources Detailed
(DAILY TIMES, 25 Dec 82)....... see e ee neeee be eee ane eeene .

Briefs
Foreign Reserves, Economic Measures
Doctors' Strike Ordered Finished
Demonstrators Besiege Assembly Opening
Policy on South Africa
Ecowas Blamed for Aliens
Ojukwu To Support NPN
Ojukwu Requests Economy Council
Shagari on Military Loyalty
Ekwueme Receives Hungary's Hollai
Immigrants' Safe Conduct Requested
Kaduna Airport To Move

31

32

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42



ZAIRE

BRIEFS

RELATIONS WITH LEBANON--Lubumbashi, 20 Jan (AZAP)--"Zaire-Lebanon relations
are at their peak and we wish to further consolidate and strengthen them,"
Lebanese Ambassador to Zaire Elie Ghosn stated on Thursday in Lubumbashi
where he has been on a visit since Monday. The Lebanese diplomat, whose
visit to the copper region's capital is aimed at getting in touch with the
Lebanese community in Shaba, also appreciated the contribution of his fellow
Lebanese nationals to the efforts being made by the Zairian people toward
the development of their country. The Lebanese ambassador, who was accom—
panied by Zoueni Rajet, the chairman of the Lebanese Association in Shaba,
further explained that his country's decision to establish an embassy in
Kinshasa with jurisdiction covering all neighboring countries was made in
spite of the world crisis affecting his own country. This clearly shows the
good relations existing between Zaire and Lebanon on the one hand, and
between Zaire and other African countries on the other hand. In this con-
nection, Mr Ghosn paid tribute to Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko, whom he commended
for his courage and wisdom and for his mediation role on the African and
international front. [passage omitted] Mr Ghosn, who is leading an im-
portant delegation from the Lebanese Embassy, held talks on Thursday with
members of the Lebanese community in Lubumbashi. This is his first visit

to Shaba since he was appointed as ambassador to Zaire about 4 months ago.
[Text] [AB211539 Kinshasa AZAP in French 1305 GMT 21 Jan 83]

cso: 3419/428

124



“97th.

find companies which slot ~
into much the same rank-.
ings in the share perform-

ance tabulation as in the

Top 100.
Hence, Delswa is 5th and
7th respectively, GF Props
7th and 12th, CNA 12th and
18th, UCT 15th and 25th, FS
Devels 22nd and 28th, Anglo:
Alpha 26th and 3ist, Gyp- “
‘sum 30th and 22nd, Scottish :
Cables 36th.and 36th, Gen- “
cor 39th and 44th, SAAN
42nd and 48th, Cadschwep ©
45th and 47th, Micor 48th °
and 5ist, Nationa} Selec- °
tions 55th and 74th, Trade &
Industry -56th and S3rd,
Grimaker 68th and ist, .
Everite 69th and 60th, Ton-
gaat 70th and 76th, M&R |
72nd” and 80th, Chemical”
Holdings 73rd' and 65th, +
Carlcor 76th and 76th,

95th, EP Newspapers 89th
and ‘87th, Diroyal e0th and ”
82nd and Cafca 96th and.

These are companies:
which conform to the gen-
eral Tule that share prices <

low earnings. * oat

all, 26 companies of |
the Top '100 are separated ;

.. by 10 places or less when ©

the two sets of rankings are
compared. .

The valuation of- such
companies on the JSE is
such as to suggest that the

“behaviour of their: respec=

tive share prices over the

- past 12 months accurately .
“reflects past earnings

formance. £
Further, since. shareTM
prices tend to anticipate
the future, their historical
share price behaviour may
be construed as indicative
that the earnings of the
companies in question are
ted to reflect much

the same trend (relative to
the averages) in the years

ahead as.in the past five -

And why are as many as
26 of the Top 100 separated
by a difference of 40 or
more places in the tabula-
tion of rankings contained
in the accompanying table?

Before attempting to
answer these questions, it is
enlightening to underline
the extent of these discre-
pancies by pointing out that

a share such as Ellerine,
which is ranked only 73rd in
t 100, achieves a

the Top
lofty 11th place for its share:

price gain of 182% since
the beginning of 1982.

Similarly, Metal Clo-

sures is ranked 14th in

terms of price performance

and only 76th in terms of
‘ings performance.

earnings
~~ Other striking examples

of share. prices having

eries (18th and 59th), Natal
+ Chemicals (2ist and 83rd),
« Pick ’n Pay (24th and 72nd),

Industrial Selections (27th

and 68th), Plevans (32nd
and 88th), Fugit (34th and
81st), PP Cement (37th and
93rd) and Lion Match (43rd
and 86th)

In such cases (and in rel-

ative terms), share price in-
creases over the past year
have outstripped earnings
improvements over the
past five years.

In a slightly fewer num- *

ber of cases, earnings im-
rovements over the past
ive years were ahead of

the relevant companies’

relative share price per-
formances over the past

> Companies falling into
this cate; are icon
(60th on share ice and 8th
on earnings), | (7sth
5th), Plate Glass four and

3rd), Fed Volks (86th and
42nd), McCarthy (9ist and

102

23rd), Seardel "(93rd and
2st), GIC (94th and 2nd),
Blajohn (98th and 55th) and
BTR (99th and 33rd).

‘Significantly, of these 11,
as many as three are motor
shares.

‘The share market, being
one of the freest markets
created by man (and, there-
fore, one in which know-
ledge is, theoretically, in-
stantaneously
disseminated), has, one can
confidently assume, digest-
ed already-published ,
results.

In the digestion process,
the market has accorded
the shares listed on the JSE
a whole spectrum of rat-
ings — ratings which, in es-
sence, are based on past re-
‘sults on the one hand and a
distillation of investors’ ex-
pectations of future results
‘on the other.

Since the former con-
tains no element of mys-
tique, it is the latter which
explains why a particular
company’s earnings history
might not (apparently) be
‘appreciated by the market.

versely, it explains
why a company’s positive
share price behaviour
might appear to belie its
earnings record.

Thus, for example, BTR,
Blajohn, GIC, Seardel, Mc-
Carthy, Fed’ Volks, Plate
gies, i Durowia and Union

ve shown up poorly

on the stock exchange in
relation to their profit per-
formance because (one
must assume) the market
expects disappointing fig-
ures from these companies
in the year ahead.

e other hand, com-
mies like Aberdare, New
‘its, Altech, Rex True-

form, Ellerine, Metal Clo-
sures, Searles, Metal Box,
SA Breweries, Natal
Chemical, Pick ’n Pay and
Industrial Selections
should, if the share per-
formance statistics are
anything to go on, record
salutory earnings figures
during the course of 1983.



AZAPO REJECTS DET PROBE

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 5 Jan 83 p 2

[Article by Nkopane Makobane]

[Text]

cso:

ents have now -realised-
what is happening and:
have taken upon them-
selves to shout about the
_matter. Previously when
some of us talked, we
were regarded as radi-
cals,” he said. :
On the department's
statement ‘that the dra~
matic drop in passes was
largely due to underqua-
lified teachers and’ the
situation was not likely
to improve in the near =
future. Mr Kambule
Said the attribution was :
notfair. + oa
“The departmen
should ‘take the blame
and not the teachers be-
cause they are’ only the
nuts in the whole big
machinery of DET. It is
a pity that when some-
thing goes. wrong in the
-machinery, they should
be made scapegoats.
Granted there may be
some underqualified
teachers, but many have :

A LEADING black edu-
cationist and the. Aza- .
nian Peoples Organisa-
tion -{Azapo) yesterday
expressed reservation
about the Department of
‘Education and Training
(DET) announcement
that it is to conduct a
thorough probe into last
year’s matric results.

Mr T W Kambule, a°
lecturer at the Univer-
sity of the Witwaters-
rand, and Mr Ishamael *
Mkhabela, Azapo’s
publicity secretary, both
told The SOWETAN
that they had misgivings
about the announce-
ment. a

They said such
statements have been
made year in and year
out and nothing con-
crete has come out of
them. +

Mr Kambule said his
doubts were based’ onTM
the fact that the investi- ©
gations were left in the ¢

DET’s hands entirely been in the field for long
and often came with and are hard workers,”
answers that exonerate “he said. - 4

Mr Kambule’ further
said there was definitely
something wrong with
our kind of education
which, blacks have been’
complaining about for
the last 25 years. He said
to be honest, there has
been no improvement in
black education since
1976 — in fact, things

61

the department.

“Any investigation
conducted should in-
clude blacks who are not
within the present sys-
tem of education. We
are tired of the unsatis-
factory explanations by
DET which always
brings us to square one.

“I am happy that par-

3400/575

«the authorit!

SOUTH AFRICA

havgbecome worsé~
“The results should be
viewed very, seriously
because they are harm-
ing us a great deal. At a.
glance, they may givé an
impression that our
children are foolish

- when they are not. In

my experience I have
found there is no differ-
ence between black and
white students,” he said. .
- Mr Mkhabela said he ©
was not excited about:
the investigation in thi
S :
“notorious” to give:

“empty promises and ig-;

nore the demands of the:
people.” ”

“We consider the pre-
sent talks about the
probe as yet another
move to raise false hope
among blacks well
knowing that nothing
will come out of it.

“The call by the black
community has been
persistently to the abo-
lishment of the racial
system of education. In
our opinion, the investi-
gation is another form of
wasting money.

“We warn the depart-
ment that it is indulging
in an irrelevant and fu-
tile exercise and we do
not need another So-
weto uprising to stress
the urgency of the whole
matter,” he said.



Somalia's expansionist policy has not only created problems for the coun-
tries concerned but also for the people of Somalia. Immediately after the
Ethiopian revolution, the Somali Government waged war against Ethiopia
(1977), believing that it would realize its expansionist policy. The war
caused irreparable damage to the political, economic and social life of

the Somali. This raised opposition to the government by the people, in-
cluding government officials. Various freedom movements were established
and began the struggle with the fascist regime of Siad Barre. The people's
movement threatened the existence of Barre's regime and the American mili-
tary installations currently under development in the region. The American
presence provided an unlimited supply of arms and military instructors. In
this fashion, America is violating international law by interfering in the
internal affairs of another state. The two Somali freedom movements, the
Somali Salvation Democratic Front and the Somali National Movement, have
signed an agreement to create a common front, accusing America and her
allies of attempting to commit a crime that is destined to fail as in Viet-
nam and Iran. This action attests to the readiness of the Somali to oppose
Siad Barre's fascist regime and imperialist intrigue. The liberation move-
ments are struggling to speed the overthrow of the regime and liberate the
people from their current miseries. They have asserted that they have
passed the stage of guerrilla warfare and have begun regular warfare, sup-
ported by all the Somali. This situation clearly points out the falseness
of Washington and Mogadisho's accusations that Ethiopia is the aggressor,
and places the responsibility on the two governments for the dangerous
situation that has been created, threatening world peace.

The control of this dangerous policy of expansion and world military superi-
ority of the American Government and Siad Barre's regime should not be left
to countries like Ethiopia, against which this pressure is directed, but

to all peace-loving people of the world and those interested in promoting
human welfare.

9948
csO: 3403/13

16



ZAMBIA

KAUNDA PRESS CONFERENCE ON LOAN RESCHEDULING
MB211223 Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 14 Jan 83 p 1

[Text] Zambia has started negotiations for rescheduling its debts including
those owed to China for the Zambia Tanzania Railway (Tazara), President Kaunda
disclosed yesterday.

He said that Bank of Zambia Governor Mr Bitwell Kuwani was currently in London
for talks with financiers and had been to Paris where he met the chairman of
the rescheduling club.

Dr Kaunda said Mr Kuwani had met representatives of the International Monetary
Fund (IMF) over rescheduling loan repayments.

The president was answering questions from the press whether after the devalua—
tion of the Kwacha and the gloomy economic outlook which he forecasts for the
nation, Zambia would be able to meet its debts including that of Tazara.

President Kaunda said the devaluation of the Kwacha had opened a "pandoras
box" and would affect a number of events.

On whether Zambia would be able to service its external debt, Dr Kaunda said
"the Kuwani team" had been well received both in Paris and London.

Mr Kuwani had spoken to him yesterday in the morning and hoped to be informed
of the results.

The rescheduling of loan repayments is one of the conditions demanded by the
IMF. Zambia has been asked to negotiate for a grace period before it can begin
servicing its debts.

The money owed to China is K594 million for loans over Tazara, the Lusaka-Kaoma
Road, the Serenje-Mansa Road and a diplomatic radio station.

According to the 1981 financial report, the government owes the African Develop-
ment Bank (ADB) K61.2 million for which seven percent interest has to be paid.

The money was for projects including telecommunications, Zambia Railways, Maamba
collieries and water supply in a number of district councils.

135



INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

BRIEFS

DECISION TO EXPEL APPEALED--There has been renewed appeals to Nigeria to
reconsider its decision to expel about 2 million Ghanaians said to be living
in the country illegally. The heads of state of Sierra Leone, Liberia and
Guinea have sent a message to President Shehu Shagari in which they argued
that the move violates the principle of free movement and protection of
people. They called for an amergency meeting of ECONWAS to discuss the
Nigerian decision. Reports from Accra say that Ghana has appealed to
Nigeria to give it more time to ensure an organized repatriation. Ghanaian
ships are already being sent to Lagos to start taking the Ghanaians home.
Diplomats say it seems that the Nigerian Government will also create jobs
for Nigerians at a time of sharp recession. [Text] [AB231236 Monrovia Radio
ELWA in English 1200 GMT 23 Jan 83]

CSO: 3400/637



Briefing riewsmen on the
resolutions passed after the
four-day workshop on the
effective participation of trade
unions in the social and
economic development of
Zambia . for chairmen ‘and:
general secretaries; “Mr Zimba.
said: ~~ ~

We are going to press for
these wage increases because
the cost of living for these
two. classes has become
unbearable.””

One of the resolutions ex-
pressed disappointment that
the economy of the country
was completely being con-°
trolled by foreigners, ‘‘parti-
cularly of Asian origin who had
to a large extent done a lot
of damage to the economy”’.

“In view of this observation,
the workshop calls on the
Party and its Government
to review economic reforms
with a view to_ eradicating
such malpractices and afford
indigenous Zambians an
opportunity to take control of
sheir own economy,’’ says the

resolution:
. Expanding on that one, Mr
Zimba_ said the situation
regarding the Asian business
community had gone back to
the days. before the economic
reforms of 1968.

“These traders still go to
their countries and come back
because they have given their
business to their children who
are believed to be citizens of
Zambia. Why is the term

Zambians of Asian origin in
use? We have not heard of
Zambians of Malawian or
Zairean origin.”

One of. the resolutions has
strongly attacked the editorials
of both the Times of Zambia
and Zambia Daily Mail of
December 29.

“Both editorials . were
biased, misleading and calcu-
lated at intimidating trade

inion leaders into abrogating

their noble and heavy res-
ponsibilities,’’ it says.

“The workshop calls on the
workers to dismiss them with
the contempt they deserve and
warns the two newspapers of
the serious repercussions
resulting from their hostile
comments in future.

The editorials criticised the
reaction of the ZCTU to the
Government’s decision to
allow companies to charge eco-
nomic
1 Qn polit cs, a resolution has
‘called 0 on President Kaunda to

strongly defend the tenets of
democracy and that the labour
movement would play its part
by strengthening the demo-
cracy of institutions instead
of individuals.

The workshop resolved that
the Party and its Government’
and some companies should
reduce heavy . expenses on
cosmetic projects and instead
direct funds to productive
sectors of the economy

Minister's Closing Speech

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 1 Jan 83 p 1

[Text]

INDUSTRIAL peace is the only
answer to Zambia's ' quick
economic recovery, Labour
and Social Services Minister,
Mr Frederick Hapunda said
yesterday.
He said economic’ recession
facing the country now might
unger than expected if
there was no industrial peace.
There was need for coopera-
tion between the Government
and the labour movement to
retain the loyalty of the
workers and create conditions
* for their happiness.
Mr Hapunda said this when

133

he officially closed a four-day
Zambia Congress of Trade
Unions (ZCTU) workshop. on
the effective participation of
trade unions in the social
and economic development of
Zambia for chairmen and
general secretaries of the
labour movement.

He hoped that with the
recently introduced economic
measures which left prices to
be freely determined by the
tules of supply and demand,
the first remedial step had
been taken.

“What we need now even



GAMBIA

BRIEFS

JAWARA LEAVES DAKAR—Dakar, 14 Jan (AFP)—-Gambian President Sir Dawda
Jawara left Dakar Thursday after participating in the first Council of
Ministers meeting of the Senegambia Confederation which was presided over
by Senegalese Head of State Abdou Diouf. The Confederal Assembly, which
also met for the first time, on its part elected its president, Sir Alieu S.
Jack of Gambia; three vice presidents, Amadou Cisse Dia, Mrs Louise Njie of
Gambia and Mrs Marianne Sohay of Senegal; as well as secretaries and
(?£inancial aides). The assembly also appointed the members of its nine
committees. [Excerpts] [AB1L41201 Paris AFP in French 0851 GMT 14 Jan 83]

MINISTER ON INDEPENDENT POLICIES--Abidjan, Jan. 13 (NAN)—-The creation of
the Senegambia Federation does not impair Gambia's capacity to enter into
and implement agreements with the African Development Bank (ADB), Gambia's
Attorney General and Minister of Justice Alhaji Muhamadu Saho has said.
Sources at the bank's headquarters in Abidjan said that Alhaji Muhamadu's
clarification was necessitated by enquiries from the bank's management as
to the legal position of Gambia with regard to loan agreements signed
before the Senegambia Federation was formed last year. In a letter to the

ADB, Alhaji Muhamadu said among other things that the confederal agreement
provides for common policies in the fields of external affairs, communica—
tions, and the integration of security services and the development of an
economic and monetary union. According to Alhaji Muhamadu, Gambia and
Senegal would continue to be independent and sovereign and therefore in
possession of all the attributes of statehood. [By Samuel Ajibola] [Text]
[4B131358 Lagos NAN in English 1340 GMT 13 Jan 83]

CsO: 3419/414

21



END OF POST-INDEPENDENCE 'HONEYMOON' REPORTED
Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 24 Dec 82 p 4
[Editorial]

[Text] IF there is one conclusion that can be drawn at the end of 1983, it
is that Zimbabwe's post-independence honeymoon is over.

The heady days of the political and social revolution, with its

plans to transform the nation into a socialist paradise, are slowly,

but inexorably, giving way to an awareness that Zimbabwe is a

third-world, developing country, and that the world is in the grips

of the worst recession since the 1930s.
Earlier this year it could be said that the private sector was feel

ing the pinch, with rising costs, declining markets, and shrinking
foreign-exchange allocations. The serious situation into which the
mining industry has been forced by
demand for its products was also evident some time ago, and a
complete collapse has been averted only by the recent devalua-
tion.

Now the economic facts of life have also been brought home to
the people at large, with an almost $0% increase in their basic

foodstuff — an obvious consequence of the distortions in price _

mechanisms caused by unrealistic subsi

‘Thus, all Zimbabweans have been faced with the truth that aspi-
rations for a speedy improvement in their personal situation may
not be met.

For the people, the rate at which the provision of schools, hospi-
tals, and an infrastructure in the rural areas to spur development
are provided, will be slower, and self-help will be called for.

For industrialists and manufacturers, the hopes for expanded
activity and a freer flow of foreign exchange are unlikely to be met
in the short term. The inhibitions that this situation will cause will
increase the frustrations and low morale which are evident at pre-
sent,

Frustration at its inability to meet its promise to the electorate
will also be felt by Government, which, with only two years in
office has not yet had time to gather the experience that leads to a
realisation that p: is the art of the possible.

Allin all, at the end of 1982 there seems to be little to celebrate,
and 1983 promises to be an even more difficult year. Yet there
have been gains, which have been obscured by the more dramatic
news of the country’s difficulties.

One area in which we find some comfort is the growing appre-
ciation by Government of the importance of the private sector,
and a readiness, however limited, to listen to what industry's lead-
ers have to say. We have a long way to go before the evident dis-

158

sing overheads and falling ”

ZIMBABWE



SOUTH AFRICA

NATION'S TOP HUNDRED COMPANIES HIGHLIGHTED

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 12 Dec 82 pp 2, 4, 12, 14, 18, 19, 21, 32,

39, 41

{Text ]

Here They Are...

HARDLY a year passes without a puzzled company chairman
querying his company’s ranking in the Business Times Top 100,
or complaining that the company should have been near the
top but was not included at all. .
The bewilderment among those not involved in drawing up the list is:

understandable. - ~

‘The Top 100 is not a mere repetition of bottom-line figures in corporate financial i
statements. 7) "2 :

Doug Gair, manager of the JSE listings

it, who oversees the compila-

tion of the Top 100, notes that “it’s not just

a question of taking out balance sheets and
putting them throngh a computer.

“Decisions and adjustments have to be
made.” The final decisions rest with the
Business Times editor. 27
- Inevitably, there are grey areas. Last
year’s list consisted in the end of 101 com-
panies, simply because of the difficulty of
deciding whether one well-known group
fell within the criteria for inclusion.

“It’s done as fairly as possible,” says one
of Mr Gair’s team, noting that “we haven't
got an axe to grind”. .

There are some firm ground rules and
goiding principles. Since Protea’s Fred

began drawing up the Top 100 list,
the basic yardstick used to measure all
companies has been earnings per share,
(EPS) rather than sales (used by Fortune
magazine for its Top 500), assets (the crite-
rion preferred by the Financial Mail for
its Top Companies) or return on capital
(used by Management Today and others).

One reason for Plumping for earnings
per share is that the Business Times list
aims to measure performance rather than

EPS gives a good idea of a company’s

record, and a small company thus

as much chance of heading the list as a
giant conglomerate. .

90

Performance

Barlow Rand and SA Breweries, SA’s
two largest industrial groups, are well
down in the rankings.

To eliminate brief flashes of good or bad
luck (and management) in a company’s
performance, the growth in EPS is mea-
sured over a period of five years.

Before the JSE took over the Top 100 in
1976, earnings in the most recent year
were simply compared with those five
years previously.

Now annual growth is com} led de-

rived from a mathematical formula de-
vised by the JSE based on the concept of
regression analysis.
+ Several sectors are automatically ex-
cluded from the list. The performance of
mining companies is difficult to compare
with that of industrial groups because of
the special amortisation methods used by
the mines.

‘They normally charge the replacement
cost of mining assets to revenues only
when new equipment is purchased.

Banks and insurance companies are left

> out. Their published results, distorted by

transfers to and from hidden reserves,
frequently do not give a true picture of
trading performance. Only Barclays and
Stanbic have so far disclosed the extent of



WORKSHOP HELD ON PARTICIPATION OF TRADE UNIONS IN DEVELOPMENT

Chiluba's Speech, Vetting Resolution

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 3 Jan 83 p 1

[Text]

THE “Zambia'* Congress of
Trade Unions (ZCTU) has a
duty to safeguard Zambia’s in-’
terests and not to bring chaos,
chairman Mr. Frederick’
Chiluba has said.

The ZCTU would continue
to -operate ‘under the law
‘because it had the responsibili-
ty to ensure that. Zambia did
not collapse.. .

Mr Chiluba was speaking in’
Livingstone on Friday at a
reception to mark the end of a
four-day workshop for
chairmen and_ general
secretaries on the effective par-
ticipation -of trade unions in
the social ,and economic
development of Zambia. -

He said. often the labour
movement had been misunder-
stood by the Government, but
that it would continue to
operate within the law.

“We all belong to UNIP and
workers in the country are not
an alternative to the Party or
Government, but the Govern-
ment must give what the people
want.

“Let us therefore collective-
ly- fight the social and
economic injustices, We are

not against the Party.”

On the economy, Mr
Chilubs said -Zambia_ had
entered a difficult phase in her
development because of the
present economic problems she
was facing. 7

The ZCTU has meanwhile

called on the Party to seriously _

sconsider dropping Vetting of

parliamentary election can-

didates.

This is one of the resolutions
passed at ‘the end of the
-workshop in Livingstone.

“We thank the Party for
having removed primary. elec-
tions but further hope that it
will soon seriously consider
removing vetting parliamen-
tary election candidates,” the
resolution says.

The workshop also resolved

‘that the Party and its Govern-

ment should introduce more
control and accountability on
public spending.

“In order to conserve and
build up foreign reserves, there
should be Zambidnisation of
manpower, particularly those
of Asian origin, should not be
accorded expatriate status.””

Zimba's Briefing on Resolutions

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 1 Jan 83 pl

(Text]

THE Zambia Congress of Trade Unions is to press for
general wage increases for the lower and middle class
eamers-as soon as the new price structure of various

commodities is: known,

ZCTU general secretary Mr

Newstead Zimba said in Livingstone yesterday.

132

ZAMBIA


]

; REIGER PARK EXT 4
Shops burned . ;

en

ite followed rloters in the Reiger Park unrest which was sparked
wee revolver ped on May 9 last year and tasted more than three days,

At the time of the unrest in Reiger Park, Boksburg was asking the Government
to take over responsibility for the coloured area because of Reiger Park's
enormous development needs, and its drain on local resources supplied by
white ratepayers reluctant to foot the bill for coloured development.

It was under these circumstances that the HSRC found that events ran away
with reason.

On Saturday, May 2 1981, a thousand Reiger Park residents took to the streets
with placards protesting against the expansion of an Indian trader's shop.

83



CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

BRIEFS

CHAD-CAR COMMISSION MAY MEET--Bangui, 16 Jan (AFP)—-Joseph Yodeyman,
Chadian minister for planning and reconstruction, has announced that the
CAR-Chadian joint commission may meet during the last 2 weeks of February
in Bangui. The Chadian emissary, who was received for about 30 minutes
at the "Renaissance" Palace on Saturday, delivered a message from Hissene
Habre to CAR President Gen Andre Kolingba. The contents of the message
were not disclosed. It is, however, believed that it might be connected
with "reviving" the CAR-Chadian joint commission, which was set up by
protocol agreement in 1967. "Chad and the CAR, which share common geo-
graphical and historic ties, must live hand in hand," Mr Yodeyman pointed
out to AFP in Bangui. [Text] [AB161156 Paris AFP in French 1005 GMT

16 Jan 83]

EQUATORIAL GUINEA MINISTER RECEIVED-——Bangui, 16 Jan (AFP)-—-Equatorial
Guinea Minister for Planning Ela Nguema delivered a message from President
Obiang Nguema Mbasogo to Gen Andre Kolingba on Saturday in Bangui. During
the audience granted him by the CAR head of state, Mr Nguema Mbasogo's
emissary and his host examined the proposal for setting up a CAR-Equatorial
Guinea joint commission. Mr Nguema told AFP that his country is determined
to "concretize cooperation between Bangui and Malabo by giving it appro-
priate legal framework." [Text] [AB161204 Paris AFP in French 1009 GMT

16 Jan 83]

OPPOSITION MOVEMENT THREATS--Paris, Jan 14 (AFP)--The opposition Central
African Liberation Movement (MCLN), which claimed responsibility for a

July 1981 cinema bombing in the Central African capital of Bangui, said
today it was ready to restart "military action" against the regime of
General Andre Kolingba if there were no "immediate beginning to the process
of a return to normal constitutional life." Founded in December 1980, the
MCLN is led from exile by Iddi Lala. Two days after the cinema bombing,
which killed three people and injured 32, it was officially banned by then
President David Dacko. The MCLN's bureau here said in a statement that the
Kolingba government, which took over from President Dacko in August 1981,
"is trying to make its stay in power permanent, disdaining the powerful
democratic current of the Central African people." The MCLN can "no longer
prolong its suspension of military action which its fighters have observed
up till now on the instructions of the National Executive Bureau," the
statement said. [Text] [AB141226 Paris AFP in English 1214 GMT 14 Jan 83]

CsO: 3419/414



cso:

sition to Nationalist injustice
has not dimmed her anger.

Jean Sinclair’s moral anten- *

nae remain finely tuned.

Jean Sinclair was born in
Germiston, the daughter of a
Scottish doctor. Educated in
Johannesburg, she married
an accountant and in the ear-
ly 1940s joined the United
Party. 2

Government Press car-
-toonists always depicted the
Sash-as a bunch of ugly spin-
sters, frustrated women with
scraggly hair. Others carica-
tured them as female Don
Quixotes, tilting hopelessly
at windmills of tyranny.“
But the Sash showed per-
sonal courage and endurance
in criticising injustices at a
time when doing so was not
fashionable, certainly not for
genteel white ladies.
Widowed six years ago,
Mrs Sinclair lives in’ Park-
town North. At 74, she is still
a shy, self-effacing woman,
with an intuitive feel for ordi-
nary decency. She still has
the humour and iron will that
helped keep the Sash afloat in
difficult times. She knew the
wild euphoria of the mid-
1950s — when many imag-~
ined that the Government
might fall. But far from col-
lapsing “because their policy
was evil” the Government’s
strength grew electorally.
“We actually thought we
would put them out of office,”
she says with irony and’a hint
self-mockery in her voice.
The Sash began as the
Womens’ Defence of the Con-
stitution League in 1955, a
Spontaneous eruption of op-
position to Dr Malan’s strata-
gems to remove the Cape
coloured voters from the
common roll by a simple par-
liamentary majority, rather
‘than the two-thirds vote re-
quired by law. a+ »
This was the latest in seven
years of aj id laws en-
forcing political, residential
and economic segregation to
ensure white supremacy. -

The atmosphere was not
‘conducive to protest. The Na-
tionalists used police on a
large scale to enforce com-
pliance. They crushed the
1952 Defiance Campaign
against racist laws by flog-
ging and anti-incitement

3400/575

measures, They whi upa
“Red scare”. Pped up

Police raided thousands of
homes. A marathon Treason
Trial started in 1956 — al-
though the accused were all
found not guilty.

"White women had a role —
to bake cakes and cater at
United Party fetes. The UP
leadership counselled cau-
tion and moderation. But

Jean Sinclair had other

things on her mind.

‘A church-going Presbyte-
rian, she found the National-
ists “outrageous”.

She and five friends decid-
ed one Sunday to do some-
thing. They organised a wom-
en's march te a protest
meeting on the Johannesburg
City Hall steps. To their as-
tonishment 3000 marchers
turned — people were
looking for leadership and

‘A’ 100 000-signature peti-
tion was collected and a si-
Tent column of grim-faced
‘women marched to the Union
Buildings to present. it. And
convoys of Sash cars from all
over South Africa converged
on Cape Town to protest out-
side Parliament at the en-

larged Senate created by the.

Nationalists to get rid of
coloured voters.

“We stopped at every town
or village on the way and
stood in silence for 10 min-
utes. We even marched
through Bloemfontein at 8 in
‘the evening.” —

“We thought we were irre-
sistible — we were convinced
the Government's days were
numbered.” They -underesti-
mated the ruling party’s
Tuthlessness, contempt for
critics, its inventiveness and
suppleness.

So, despite opposition, the
Cape coloureds were event-
ually disenfranchised, losing
a vote they. had enjoyed. for
106 years.

The Sash now had to dis-
band or re-define its role. A
special meeting at Hillbrow’s
Skyline Hote! widened its ba-
sis — to oppose all injustices,
irrespective of the victim's
race. But this was too radical
for some and membership

shrank from 10 000 to 2000.

“Women resigned in

89

droves. For the next five
years, the Press boycotted us.
‘One prominent liberal editor
advised us to remain in the
United Party. Another told us
that we were ‘not news’.

“But the real reason was
that we were ahead of our
time. Whites didn’t really
care about violations of black
rights.”

Consigned to limbo, the
Black Sash ‘ied _on de-

“monstrating It lived — as
did other small pioneer anti-
racist groups of the 1950s —
off its moral energies alone.
“We carried on because we
had to,” Jean Sinclair says
tergely. “There was no ques-
tion whatever of giving up.”

In 1962, in the wake of the
post-Sharpeville bannings
and arrests, came Mr Vor-
ster’s draconian Sabotage *
Act, providing for “no trial”
90-day solitary detention.

‘The Sash lit a flame of
freedom — to dramatise
what the Government was
trying to extinguish. They
stood for five nights and sev-
en days outside the Johannes- *
burg City Hall.

Government supporters
repeatedly attacked them.
Jean Sinclair’s nose was
broken.

“Our protests against the
Sabotage Act put us back on
the map. And the violent at-
tacks on-our women made
the Press notice us again.”

Meanwhile, the Sash decid-
‘ed to open its ranks to all
races and provide legal ad-
vice for black women. “I am
ashamed we took so long
abot it,” says Jean Sinclair,
“put the question caused dis-
sension and it took several
years to obtain the necessary
two-thirds majority.”

In 1975, she stepped down
as national president and was
succeeded by Sheena Dun-
can, her daughter. The Uni-
versity of the Witwatersrand-
awarded her an honorary
doctorate.

“I'm retired now. It’s timé
for me to take a back seat.”

But Jean Sinclair remains.
a respected elder stateswo-
man in South Africa’s white,
civil rights movement, a-
monument to enduring white
opposition to apartheid. © -



110 -*

ings per share for each
five-year period ending in
1980, 1981 and 1982.

An accolade, too, for
Prescat and Trade & In-
dustry — both companies
out of the same stable and
both companies which
have earned the Royal
crown for two years
ranning.

The companies com-
prising this year’s Royals
are a truly mixed bag, al-
though it is noteworthy
that the clothing, foot-
wear and textile sector is
well represented, with

iswa, Mooi River, SA
Bias, Romatex, Rex True-
form and Searles com-
prising a relatively large
percentage of the JSE’s
listings in this category.

Three motor sector
fompanies Toyota, Sa-
ficon and Dunlop — are
also strong sectoral fea-
tures. In view of the cur-
rent sharp dip in motor
sales, it will be a major
achievement for any of
these companies to main-

tain their place in the
Royals next year.
Investment trusts are
also well represented by
Union & London, Industri-
al Selections and Fugit.
What about those com-
ies which made the
vals in 1981 bat didn’t
make the grade this year?
The disappointing gold
performance ensured
that New Wits, GFSA and
Mid Wits fell by the way-
side, along with Press
Supplies, Berzack, Cal-
linan, Kanhym, Claude
‘Neon, Edgars and Protea
Holdings.
Clearly, the pace is a
hot one and Peet heehite
joing to be tougher st
Bs Companies which did
qualify for this year’s
Royals, as well as last
year’s, are Pick ’n. Pay,
Saficon, Altech, Irvin &
Johnson, CNA, Anglo Al-
pha, Suncrush, Consol,
Union & London, Dunlop,
Searles, Grand Bazaars,
Micor, Prescat and Trade
& Industry.

- eons OTE TE NER ORs > -
. ‘Company Name Growth : Market Sector

f+ Toyota (SA) Lid 129,9
Deiswa Ltd

Motor
78,2 Clothing, Footwear, Textiles

Saficon Investments Ltd 75,9 Motor
Mathieson and Ashley Ltd 75.3
Mooi River Texties Ltd

BaNSSSSIGE2SSESES

45,

4a,
42,
40,
40,
40,
40,
39,

3B,
36.
36:
35,
35
34,
33;

W&<A Investment Corporation Lid
Union & London Investment Trust Ltd
~ Congo! Lid
Aberdare Cables Africa Lid

Dunlop South Africa Ltd
“eq Ttade and Industry Acceptance Corp Ltd
Tr

5
8
3
7
4
1
4
7
8
8
5
7
3
8
3

Pick ‘n Pay
Grand Bazaars Ltd

First Union General Investment Trust Ltd
Irvin & Johnson

wae
Bo8
fab

94

industrial Holding

Industrial Holding

Investment Trust

Paper & Packaging.

Electronics, Electrical & Battery
Electronics, Electrical & Battery
Clotting, Footwear & Tetias
Indesit Hlcings

Banks & Financial services
Clothing, Footwear & Textiles

Clothing, Footwear & Textiles
Investment Trust

Stores.

Stores

lavestment Trusts

Food



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

OIL-FROM-COAL PLANT PROPOSED--The government is considering proposals for the
construction of a fourth fuel-from-coal plant, similar to the SASOL [South
African Coal, Oil and Gas Corporation] plant, by the private sector. An an-
nouncement concerning the matter is expected in the foreseeable future. The
minister of mineral and energy affairs, Mr Piet Du Plesis, told an energy
conference in Pretoria that proposals in this connection had already been
considered by the Energy Policy Committee and that the matter would now be
referred to the cabinet. Referring to the energy requirements of neighbour-
ing countries, Mr Du Plessis said that South Africa was prepared to cooper-
ate with them in the interests of the stability of the whole of southern
Africa. In principle South Africa was prepared to help its neighbors, includ-
ing Zimbabwe, and, where necessary, to export energy to them. He said that
although there were certain forces opposed to cooperation in the energy field,
he believed that economic reality would eventually triumph. He said that
trade in energy in southern Africa could play an important role in promoting
the economy of the subcontinent. [Text] [MB241152 Johannesburg Domestic
Service in English 1115 GMT 24 Jan 83]

ZIMBABWEAN TRADE, ECONOMIC LINKS--A trade delegation that has just returned
from Harare says Zimbabwe is eager to maintain trade and economic links with
South Africa. The director general of the South African Department of Indus—
tries, Commerce and Tourism, Mr (Chardt Du Plessis), said in Cape Town that
Zimbabwean officials that members of the delegation had spoken to had been
very keen to continue trading with South Africa. Mr (Du Plessis) said that
while South Africa was anxious for the removal of controls on certain of its
exports, it realized Zimbabwe had to maintain some of them because of its
severe economic problems. No firm agreements were reached during the visit
but a further meeting would be held later in the year. [Text] [MB220544
Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 22 Jan 83]

LESOTHO ACTION ON REFUGEES--Reports reaching Johannesburg from the Lesotho
capital of Maseru indicate that Lesotho is taking action against refugees who
are not respecting the conditions for staying in the country. The Lesotho
minister of the interior, Mr Sekhonyana Maseribane, says four members of the
Pan Africanist Congress [PAC] have been arrested after causing disturbances.
The PAC is a prohibited organization in South Africa. The four were arrested
after a fight among rival factions in the PAC in which six people were wounded.
Mr Maseribane says harsh measures will be taken against PAC members, and this

110



[30 Dec 82 p 7]

[Text]

referendum before proceeding with further.
action.

“If the request for a referendum is rejected
— as it is sure to be — we would have a more
solid base for a boycott campaign,” he said.

“The potential in the community is very
strong and I could forsee an even more suc-
cessful result than the anti-SAIC campaign
which produced about an 8% poll,” he said.

‘The overwhelming conclusion that can be
drawn from the range of people that I spoke
to is that as long as racial identity, and apart-
heid in the form of the Group Areas Act, the
Separate Amenities Act and the Mixed Mar-
Tiages Act, form the basis of a new consti-
tuional dispensation, it will be rejected with
contempt by the vast majority of the coloured

community.

TO implement its constitutional praposals:

the Government will have to hold-elections in

the coloured and Indian communities. This

could create difficulties, Political Correspon-
dent JOHN BATTERSBY suggests in this
second report in his three-part series.

ALTHOUGH Government
optimists have set Janu-
ary 1984 as the target date
for implementation of the
constitutional proposals
and the installation of
South Africa’s first execu-
tive President, there are
already doubts in Govern-
ment circles whether this
is either possible or
desirable. 7

wom Nationalist potiti-

ins are alreat in

private Houbis: whether the
new deal will get off the
ground at all, conceding that
it would be counter-produc-
tive to ram the plan through
against the will of most

awareness in senior Govern-
ment circles that to hold
elections for coloureds at a
time of economic recession
could be disastréus.

And, as the election of the
coloured and Indian cham-
bers is a prerequisite for
electing the President it
therefore seems unlikely that
elections will be held next

year.

‘The Government still has
to convince the Labour Party
to participate in the new
dispensation.

‘ithout it elections would
be universally regarded as a
total farce and the disas-
trously low poll in last year’s
elections for the South Afri-

57

can Indian Council is still
fresh in the Government's
memory.

But even the Labour Party
jhas minimal support among
“urban coloureds and ever
with their participation the
percentage poll could be piti-

ly low — some observers
believe as little as 10% of
registered voters.
the populated areas of
the Cape Peninsula political
consciousness manifests it-
self at a grassroots level
where a plethora of civic as-
sociations, trade unions, and
community organisations are
building up a formidable po-
tentia for political
mobilisation.

Th a recent survey — con-
ducted in September — Pro-
fessor Lawrence Schlemmer
found that 70% of urban
coloureds were in favour of
advising coloured . political
groupings to co-operate with
the Government's constitu-
tional proposals with a view
to improving them.

Prof Schlemmer, who is at-
tached to the University of
Natal’s Research Institute
for Applied Social Sciences,
found that 20% of the 250 re-
Spondents approached would
advise ies to have noth-
ing to ‘with the proposals.

found that 31% would
advise that parties should try
to improve the proposals be-
fore they participate, while
39% we advise them to


The reports also refer to wage increases and improved hostel conditions for
miners in 1982.

Anglo American has also run courses in industrial relations, primarily for
white mine-workers although senior black miners have recently been introduced
to the programme.

But the programme for white miners has been discontinued because of the high

turnover of personnel, although Ango hopes to continue the courses in a re-
modelled form, the reports say.

cso: 3400/575

63



CHAD RATIFIES PANA CONVENTION--Ndjamena, 21 Jan (AFP)--The Chadian Government
has decided to ratify the convention establishing the Pan-African News Agency
[PANA]. For the Chadian authorities, this decision made at a cabinet meeting
on Thrusday, is aimed at enabling Chad to benefit from PANA's information
structures. One of the objectives of the organization is to provide national
press agencies with transmitters and a radio-teletype printers. By joining
PANA, Chad intends to join the other African countries in order to "counter the
imperialism of international press agencies," Chadian Information Minister
Mahamat Soumaila told AFP. PANA was created in 1979 in Addis Ababa by a re-
solution of the heads of state of the OAU. Its headquarters is in Dakar, with
regional offices in Lagos for West Africa, Kinshasa for Central Africa, Lusaka
for Southern Africa, Khartoum for East Africa and Tripoli for North Africa.
[Text] [AB211340 Paris AFP in French 1217 GMT 21 Jan 83]

cso: 3419/436



RIDDELL DISPUTES ARTICLE ON DEVALUATION

Harare BUSINESS-HERALD in English 23 Dec 82 p 3

[Text]

IT is unfortunate that Arthur Siwel’s thought-
provoking article on the effects of devaluation,
published in last week’s Business Herald should
have, mistakenly, misrepresented the Confedera-
tion of Zimbabwe Industries’ views on both
devaluation and Zimbabwe's future industrial
strategy because the thrust of his article is both

constructive and in
aceordance with CZI's
current thinking.

His main proposals
that, given the present
severe shortages of
foreign exchange, an or-
dered allocation system
based, as at present, on
the production of essential
goods and strict criteria
of economic’ priorities
should continue and that
the management of prices
should allow for normal
profits are both sound
principles and currently
advocated by CZI. While
he is correct to argue that
CzI’s request for in-
creased foreign exchange
allocations following the
devaluation implies a
short-run inflexibility in
Zimbabwe's industrial
structure, his view that
the proposal would per-
petuate the current pro-
duction structure and en-
courage higher prices—“a
very lazy approach to
economic management” —
are so wide of the mark to
deserve comment.

Whether Mr Siwel likes
it or not, our Government
is committed to socialism
and one of the main tenets
of economics under social-
ism 1s economic planning:
It is for this reason that
Government is embarking

152

ob the construction of an
industrial strategy for the
new Zimbabwe. This ‘s
clearly necessary for past
policicies . of import-
Substitution may well
have led to the production
of high-cost products and
the use of inappropriate
technology and certainly
have created a high im-
port-dependenge of the
sector, production de-
stined predominantly for
the local market, and the
underdevelopment of large
parts of the capital goo
industries,

The results of the De-
cember University of Zim-
babwe Department of
Business Studies
“Business Opinion Sur-
vey” show that 71 percent
of businesses are record-
ing downturns in pro-
duction as a direct con-
sequence of cuts in import
allocations. This link be-
tween production and im-
port allocations is beyond
doubt a fundamental
weakness of the present
industrial structure but
the weakness won't be
addressed by letting firms
“go under” haphazardly
and the result won't
necessarily be the sort of
restructuring necessary
for the long run com-
parative advantage of the

ZIMBABWE



these transfers) ~~ °"<?

~ Even among the 390-odd industrial com-

panies currently listed on the JSE, several
do not qualify for inclusion.

False impressions

‘-Any group which has posted a loss in one
Sr more of the past five years will not find
itself in ‘Complicate ws

A loss icates the computation m of

Se ne tins nl cons crow

ance over a five-year period, any group
listed on the JSE after 1978 has not been

considered for this year’s Top 100 honours. :
Similarly, companies which have been’

delisted in the past five years are ignored.
Some companies have been excluded

performance. .
‘The rules lay down that the base year on

which a group's compound growth is cal-:

culated must be “normal”.
‘The definition of “normal” is obviously

One example is Bertrains, the wine and’

spirit producer, which — had it been in-.

doubled again te 5,3 cents in 1979.

Mergers and takeovers create a major:
headache for the adjudicators. In terms of '

the rules, a change in the basic structure
of a company or the nature of its business’
disqualifies it from the Top 100. «~ Dd

Accash shell which is transformed into a‘

‘large manufacturing or retailing group is

normally excluded.

Allied Technologies was not in the ran

ning for several years after its reverse
takeover of STC in 1977.- ©

The reorganisation of Barlow Rand’s:
sugar interests earlier this year in the
wake of the Tiger Oats takeover make it
unlikely that C G Smith will be considered
for the next five years. (It was included

this year because the last set of accounts_

available to the adjudicators was for the*
year to September 1981).

Pyramid companies, in other words
those which derive the bulk of their earn--
ings from another quoted company, are’
out of the runniing for the Top 100.

One example is Jaff-Delswa, the invest- :
ment holding company whose main source
of income is dividends from Delswa Ltd.

If annual comparisons are invalidated
by a far-reaching change in accounting’
policies, the company in question will not:
be included. :

Stock valuation

But a switch from the Fifo to Lifo meth-
od of stock valuation, which has become
increasingly popular in the past year or
two, is not Sufficient grounds for
disqualification.

Results for accounting periods longer or!
shorter than the usual 12 months have
been adjusted to reflect annualised

figures.

The general aim of the Top 100 is to
track results’ related to trading activities.
which are repeatable.

As a result, extraordinary items stem-'
ming from, say a property sale, are likely.
to be excluded — provided they are listed.
in the accounts as extraordinary or abnor-.
mal profits or losses.

If they are not specifically mentioned,
the adjudicators have little way of know-!
ing about them.

One of the com jlers of the list reckons

~ that the items eliminated from a com-

pany’s accounts are those which are: “quite”
rtuitous and non-recurring and invali-°

date a reasonable com}

The wsval cut-off date for incosion tn,

June 30, with the that
statements must be received by Septem-
30.
The few companies with a°July or
August year-end are also considered if
their results are published by the Septem

_ber 30 deadline.

“Royal” companies. qualify, com-
ponies mast we notched “up 2 growth
rate of at least 10% in the first year and”
20% a year for the remaining part of the

7 Sve year period.

The “Royal” list also excludes com-
panies, such as Bertrams, which have been
an abaorinal base tear’? 1 because of
an abnormal base year.



ETHIOPIA

GROWING FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN ETHIOPIA, USSR DISCUSSED
Addis Ababa ADDIS ZEMEN in Amharic 19 Oct 82 p 2
[Editorial: "Common Stand"]

[Text] After a recent visit to the USSR by Comrade Chairman Mengistu Haile
Mariam, it was stated in a joint communique that the peoples and governments
of the two countries will endeavor to increase continual cooperation in the
political, economic and social fields. Furthermore, the two countries will
cooperate without any reservations in the maintenance of world peace. This
communique is not only given high value by the people and governments of the
two countries, but also highly valued by all people of the world who are
struggling for international cooperation and world peace.

Since the Ethiopian revolution in 1974, the USSR and revolutionary Ethiopia
have a common objective of representing peace, equality, freedom and social-
ism. Therefore, it is appropriate for them to cooperate with each other
and promote international peace. In this respect, what the two nations have
already accomplished is of great value.

Although in the past there was a good relationship between the peoples of
the two countries, their friendship has become more real and their coopera-
tion increased in the past 8 years, the period of revolutionary struggle and
victory in Ethiopia. Since the object of the Ethiopian revolution was de-
mocracy, peace, equality and common welfare, all those people and nations
with the same objective have supported Ethiopia from the very beginning of
its revolution.

When Ethiopia was struggling with foreign invaders and internal counter-
revolutionaries during its economic struggle, the USSR was one of Ethiopia's
sincere friends, giving support and help. It is obvious that USSR support
and help during that critical period contributed to the progress of the
revolution and gave assurance of its development.

For the Ethiopian revolution to be successful, there is no doubt that
Ethiopians could learn a great deal from the USSR and other socialist coun-
tries with long-term experience in building socialism. During his recent
visit, the Ethiopian revolutionary leader stated that he and other Ethiopi-
ans are lucky for having had the opportunity to learn about previous revo-
lutions, especially the Great October Revolution; he stated that he has

13



PASSENGERS, CUSTOMS PERSONNEL DISMAYED BY POLICE

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 24 Dec 82 p 1

{Article by Chris Obinagwam}

[Text]

cso:

y ASSENGERS panicked yes
pani 3

verday.-

val hall

Muhammed _ fnternational. Air.

anti-riot
on the ‘arri-
of -the Murtala

a8.

port, Ikeja, Lagos.

It.was 12 noon and the arrival .
hall was_burstlin;

ig. with acti

ties due to the Christmas rush. «

Suddenly,

the anti-riot policemen

took: positions at-strategic points at
the_ sirpoet and_ vigorous!

ly super

vised the searching of passengers’
baggage by customsmen.

-. As one plane after another taxied,’

ers in a-happy mood trooy

ed to the arrival
comed by

hall to be wel
grimaced policemen.

Their - delightful mood faded

3400/582

almost immediately.
Nearly all lu;
which passed eh
customs counter
were opened and search-
ed by customsmen in
the presence of the
policemen.
the

policemen asked ques-,

tions when they dis-
covered strange items in

any luggage.
The exercise caused a
lot of delay and relations
friends who had
come to welcome their
dear ones waited anxi-
ously outside. _

It was the first time
such an operation took
place at the airport.

42

NIGERIA

However, “following
incessant complaints of
smuggling ma le against,
pilgrims undertaking

the hajj two months
ago, plain-clothed secu-
ritymen rere seen nat f the
airport ping officials
of the Nigerian Airport
Authorities (NAA) to

lgrims before
they h pilerims their
planes. © ~

But. this lasted for a
couple of days.

Some _ customs-mén-
expressed displeasure at
the presence of the anti-
riot policemen, descri-
bing it as a usurpation
oftheir duty: ~



ECONOMISTS PREDICT BLEAK YEAR AHEAD

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 5 Jan 83 p 3

[Article by Joshua Raboroko]

[Text]

cso:

3400/575

THOUSANDS of
blacks leaving school
to seek employment
are in for a “very.
critical time” in get-
ting jobs in the coun-
try this year, accord-
ing to leading econo-
mists and trade union- -
ists. -
A snap survey by The -
SOWETAN - yesterday
revealed that most black °
matrics who received _
their results last week
fared “very badly” and
will be forced to seek
employment because of"
ithe 21 years age restric-
tion. 7 +
The situation might
be worse when JC re-
sults are announced this
week. :

Johannesburg
Chamber of Commerce
president,: Mr Douglas
Steward, said that the
country’s economic po-
sition was “critical at the
moment” and that
“more jobs will have to
be created”.

His association was
concerned by the situa-
tion, especially because:
it involved the majority
of the country’s popula-

tion. What made the sit
uation worse was: that
the country was in a re-
- cessionary period and so
“to find more job oppor-
tunities will also be diffi-
cult”, he said.
The association is to
pressurise the Govern-

‘ment and private séctor °

to invest in creating
jobs.

Fosatu’s president,
Mr Chris Dlamini said
the country’s economic
downtum would affect
more blacks, especially
school leavers.

He conceded that’
more job opportunities”

would have to be cre-
ated, but said that the
Government was to
-blame in one way or
another. Most workers
have. been retrenched
and “the situation might
turn out to be bad if
nothing was done”.
ie “urged blacks to
in unions that would
advise them if they were
retrenched. ~

The general secretary «

of the Trade Union
Council of SA (Tucsa),
Mr Arthur Grobelaar,
said that most school
leavers’ chances of get-
ting jobs were remote, if

87

SOUTH AFRICA

“we look at the number”
of workers retrenched in
the past six months”.

He predicted that-
most“ employers would
engage workers who
have “the-job-know-
how” rather than those
fresh from school.

However, he said, he
could see things shaping
up again towards. the
end of 1983 or early
1984 and more jobs
could -be created. For
the moment “we are all
facing a bleak future”,
he said. .

National Industrial
Council secretary, Mr
de Jager, said most re-
trenchments took” place
last year and it ‘was
likely that suitably quali-
fied people would be
employed in jobs.

- Sources say vacancies
in Government depart-
ments have dropped
“considerably” between
1981 and 1982 — which
is an indication of job
depression.

Trade. unionists and
economists have also
predicted that 1983 is
threatened with the
most serious unemploy-
ment problem since the
end of the World War 2.


MAURITIUS

INDIAN OCEAN COMMISSION CREATED
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 22 Dec 82 p 4

[Text] An historic act took place in the southwest region of the Indian Ocean
yesterday when the ministers of foreign affairs of Madagascar, the Seychelles
and Mauritius formally established the "Indian Ocean Commission" within the
context of a general agreement. This framework agreement will be ratified by
the governments involved as soon as possible.

The presidency of this commission which provides for the material and institu-
tional organization of the cooperation among the three countries has been en-
trusted to Mauritius at Madagascar's suggestion.

After having reviewed the status of relations among the three nations involved,
the delegations present at this constituent meeting of the Indian Ocean Com-
mission examined a list of specific projects which will be given priority.
These projects, which involve trade and industrial cooperation, affect the
fishing, air and sea transportation, telecommunications, petroleum research
and polymetallic deposit sectors, and the research and scientific training
sector.

In order to provide "follow-up" and implementation of the Indian Ocean Commis—
sion's decisions, permanent liaison networks which will include the ministers
involved will coordinate commission-related activities.

The general agreement of cooperation, said Mr Jean Claude de 1'Estrac, is "an

asset to our region," and will assure the harmonious development of the coun-
tries involved.

As for Mr Christian Remi Richard and Dr Maxime Ferrari, they expressed their
complete satisfaction with the agreement of cooperation.

"History Will Mention This Again and Again"
As for the possibility of the Comoros Islands and Reunion Island joining the
Indian Ocean Commission, the founding members, in other words Madagascar, the

Seychelles and Mauritius, will rule on any membership request. The Indian
Ocean Commission hopes the cooperation will be as wideranging as possible.

25



FRENCH AID OFFER DEAL--REPORTED

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 24 Dec 82 p 1

[Text]

cso:

THE Zimbabwe and French gov-
ernments are to negotiate a pro-
tocol agreement during the first
quarter of next year for over $40
in French aid to Zimb:

eu i
sellor at the French Embassy, Mr
Daniel Gagneuy, said yesterday.

Interviewed by The Gazette, Mr
Gagneux said the aid would be
used for public-sector projects and
commodity aid programmes for
the private sector.

He also said the French were
trying to negotiate a commodity
exchange programme under which
extra purchase of commodities
from cach country would be finan-
ced by exchanging another com-
modity

“The Renault company is pre
pared to buy about 6 000 tonnes of
ferrochrome every year, starting in
and the exira purchases can
need by, possibly, agricul
tural equipment to Zimbabwe,”
Mr Gagneus said.

There was potential for more
trade between Zimbabwe and
France, and) French companies
were willing to increase co-opera-
tion with their Zimbabwean coun-
terparts, especially the transfer of

3400/574

technology

The French Minister __ of
Economic Planning is to visit Zim-
babwe in February or March next
year, and co-operation between
the private sectors in Zimbabwe
and France would be one of his
subjects for discussion, Mr
Gagneux said,

France exported about $37m
worth of goods to Zimbabwe last
year and these consisted mainly of
equipment for the Hwange power
station. The exports also included
chemicals, cars, plastics and tex-
tiles. Zimbabwe's exports to
France, mainly minerals, totalled
about $16m,

During the Zimcord conference
the French Government pledged
about $31m_in soft loans to Zim-
babwe and the bulk of this money
wits used for Government projects,

The money was used to supply
equipment to the meteorological
department and the equipment is
arriving next year. It was also used
to supply electric railway locomo-
tives and the rehabilitation of
other locomotives,

“We also supplied equipment to
the Agricultural and Rural Deve-
lopment Authority (ARDA),

160

ZIMBABWE

nly combine harvestors, and
vehicles to the CMED,”’ he said.

The counsellor said the soft
loan was used for the re-cquip-
ment of ZTV and the supply of
fire-fighting vehicles to the depart-
ment of Civil Aviation. It was also
used for water-project studies.

Mr Gagneux said a $9m con-
tract was recently signed to supply
medical equipment for the Govern-

“ment’s health programmes.

‘A second financial protocol
agreement for $40m was signed re-
cently for the building of a mech-
anical training centre for the Min-
istry of Manpower Planning and
Development in Bulawayo. Discus-
sions had also been held for the
supply of equipment to re-cquip
the civil aviation.

The French Government
also. studying the possibility of
establishing a utility centre to train
staff of the Central African Power
Corporation and electricity depart-
ments of municipalities. The centre
would be situated at Hwang.

“Under the commodity aid pro-
gramme we supplied textile mach-
inery, refractories for Zimbabwe
ass in Gweru, tractors and mac-
hine tools,"? Mr Gagneux said.

was



MINISTER HAILS SAUDI INVOLVEMENT IN NATION'S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 1 Jan 83 p 1

[Text]

cso:

3400/573

THE GROWING involve-
ment of Saudi Arabia in.the
economic development: of
Zambia is most ‘welcome
because it is greatly contri-
buting to the consolidation’
and strengthening of the’
efforts to improve the
welfare and quality of life:

luncheon held in honour of:
the out-going Saudi Ara-
bian ambassador ‘to 'Za-:
mbia, Sheikh Fouad -Hu~
sseini, at the Inter-Conti-
nental Hotel in Lusaka

staying in Zambia for four
years. He was the first
Saudi Arabian ambassador
to Zambia.

Prof Goma hoped that
Zambia and Sandi Arabia

facing mankind today.
“We need a'better world
than the present. We need

125

a world where international
peace. and security w
not be so naangered ts
they are ngw.””

Prof Goma said the world
at present needed a situa-
tion where just and equi-
table international econo-
mic order would prevail
and where justice and hu-

man dignity could univer-,

sally be assured to those
who were oppressed.
“Zambia and Saudi Ast.
bia belong to regions of the.
world one here haman
dignity, oppression, « inju-
stice and illegal’ ‘occupation
of other peopie’s lands
are sustained by the self-
ish interests of some of the

rongrnd be wagering

bia and the

people, respectively,
cannot the
‘status quo.””

ZAMBIA



CONGO

ROMANIAN FINANCED TEXTILE FACTORY OPENED
Brazzaville ETUMBA in French No 677, 31 Dec 82 pp 3,4

[Article: "Chief of State Inaugurates Synthetic Textile Factory: Fruit of
Romanian-Congolese Cooperation"]

[Text] The president of the Central Committee of the Congolese Labor Party,
comrade Denis Sassou-Nguesso, formally opened the Synthetic Textile Factory
(UTS) on Wednesday, 29 December 1982, in Kinsoundi (a suburb of Brassaville),
in the presence of members of the Political Bureau of the party, members of
the Central Committee and ministers of the Government, and members of the
Diplomatic Corps assigned to Brazzaville.

On this occasion the director general of the UTS and the minister of industry
and fishing made speeches.

The director general, comrade Binouani, discussed the scope of his company,
indicating that its principal activity will henceforth be the production and
sale of synthetic textiles. The factory has four buildings: a building con-
taining storage space, a chemical laboratory, shops for making clothing, etc;
an administrative building; a building for housing Romanian technical assis~
tance staff; and a headquarters building.

The idea for building the factory goes back to 1969. A study of the require—
ments led to contacting the Socialist Republic of Romania, a friendly country.
This contact led to the signature of an agreement on 6 November 1971 in
Brazzaville. Thereafter work on the factory began in December, 1972. It was
expected that it would take 18 months to complete. However, it was not com-
pleted on time due to the financial crisis which shook the world. That is why
this inauguration, as comrade Binouani said, is a reward for the efforts of
the two governments. The UTS will attain its full level of output in 1983,
when it will employ 312 people, the director general said.

Technical Details

The UTS, a state-owned, financially independent company, has for its principal
activity, as we said previously, the production and sale of synthetic textiles
manufactured from its yarns made of mixed fibers; polyester and cotton, poly-
ester and wool, and polyester and rayon.



The Council of Ministers also decided that henceforth 1 February will be
celebrated every year in Gambia and Senegal as Senegambia Confederation
Day. As such, this day will be declared this year as a public holiday in
each of the two countries. By making this decision, the Council of Minis-
ters wanted to make the Senegambian people politically aware of the birth
of the confederation.

Finally, the Council of Ministers reviewed the negotiation and ratification
of the protocol of application of the confederal pact. In this regard, the
president of the confederation, who expressed satisfaction with the work
already done, stressed the need to do everything to negotiate and sign the
remaining protocols in order to initiate the process of ratification in
conformity with the constitutional provisions in force in Gambia and
Senegal. He, therefore, gave precise instructions to the confederal
ministers in this regard.

CsO: 3419/414

53



TANZANTA

BRIEFS

‘INCITING UNREST’ ATTEMPTED--Dar es Salaam, 21 Jan (AFP)--Several people have
been arrested in Tanzania in connection with an attempt to "incite unrest" in
the east African state, the country's police chief said today. Police Inspec-
tor-General Soloman Liani said legal measures were being taken against the cul-
prits who, he said, included civilians and members of the country's armed
forces. In a brief statement, the police chief said the attempt was uncovered
by members of the armed forces, but emphasized that the army was in no way
connected with the attempt. The Inspector-General did not disclose the number
of the people arrested for their identity. He said that the plan to "incite
unrest" was to have been put into action early this month. For more than a
week, rumours have been circulating in Tanzania and neighbouring countries of
a failed attempt to overthrow the government of President Julius Nyerere. [Text]
[AB211611 Paris AFP in English 1558 GMT 21 Jan 83]

SEVERAL ARRESTED ON SEDITION CHARGES--Tanzania has in recent months been ex-
periencing increasingly acute economic difficulties. Last February, a group
of five young Tanzanians hijacked a Boeing 737 of the National Airline at gun-
point. One of their demands was the resignation of Mr Nyerere. The hijacked
plane eventually landed in England and the five were sentenced to prison terms
of 3 to 8. years after being convicted in London last September for the hijacking.
The hijackers' leader, Moussa Membar, founder of a group called Tanzanian Youth
Democracy, told the court the group had planned a "democratic uprising" but
that this had failed. He said the group had 3,000 members plus highly-placed
sympathizers in the police, army and government. [Text] [PA211719 Paris AFP
in English 1620 GMT 21 Jan 83]

U.S. CONGRESSMEN VISIT--wo leading members of a U.S. Congress subcommittee
working on African issues have said that they will put pressure on President
Reagan's administration to improve its relations with African countries and
to speed up the attainment of Namibia's unconditional independence. The
U.S. congressmen were addressing newsmen prior to their departure from the
country. They were leading a five-man delegation of the U.S. Congress
committee. The two congressmen, Mr (?Howard Wolpe) and Mr William Gray,
strongly opposed linkage of Namibian independence to the issue of with-
drawing Cuban troops from Angola. The congressmen are on their way home
after attending a 5-day meeting on Afro-American cooperation held in
Harare, Zimbabwe. They said that they will also put pressure on America
to put an end to military and economic cooperation with the Boers of South
Africa. They added: Such cooperation spoils U.S.-African relations, as
the South African Boer administration uses U.S. assistance to intensify its
attacks on the frontline states in the liberation struggle of Southern
Africa. [Excerpt] [EA172130 Dar es Salaam Domestic Service in Swahili
1700 GMT 17 Jan 83]

122

cso: 3449/16



SOUTH AFRICA

S. AFRICA, ANGOLA REPORTEDLY DISCUSS BUFFER ZONES
MB230821 Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 23 Jan 83 p 2

{Text ] London--South Africa has proposed to Angola the establishment of a
buffer zone along the Namibian border and the withdrawal of all forces from
the area as a way of getting the stalled talks on Namibian independence
restarted.

The proposals, details of which have remained secret until now, were made at
the ministerial-level meeting on 8 December in the Cape Verde Islands between
South Africa and Angola, the SUNDAY TIMES learnt this week.

The foreign minister, Mr Pik Both, reportedly offered the deal to the Angolans,
who apparently listened attentively but had little to say.

Angolan sources gave the following account of the talks, billed at the time
as a “historic breakthrough" in ending hostilities between Pretoria and its
Marxist-ruled neighbour:

--South Africa and Angola would agree to a ceasefire by 1 February, which
would leave Angolan, Cuban and South African forces in control of the areas
they presently occupy.

--Stage 2 would prepare a mutual withdrawal of all forces--the South Africans
back across the Namibian border and the Angolans and Cubans to positions behind
the 14th Parallel.

--Stage 3 would involve verification procedures to ensure that the buffer
zone was free of all troops.

~-Stage 4 would give the Angolans a reasonable time to prepare for the re-
patriation of all Cuban forces, with South Africa offering in exchange a con-
siderable troop reduction in Namibia.

If the plan were agreed to it would open the door to renewed talks over inde-
pendence for the territory.

Mr Botha apparently prefaced his proposals to the Angolans by claiming that UN

Resolution 435 on bringing Namibia to independence was a dead duck as far as
South Africa was concerned unless his proposals were first agreed to.

106



SOUTH AFRICA

KANGWANE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY FUKMALLY REOPENS
MB220840 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 22 Jan 83 p 2
[By Patrick Laurence, political editor]

[TextJ The Kangwane Legislative Assembly was formally reopened by the min-
ister of internal affairs, Mr F. W. De Klerk, yesterday.

The assembly was dissolved by decree last June by the minister of co-operation
and development, Dr Piet Koornhof.

Mr De Klerk referred to the period of direct rule of Kangwane by Pretoria
from 8 June to 8 December last year as an "exceptionally difficult time."

Dissolution of the legislative assembly and direct rule by a specially ap-
pointed commissioner for Swazi affairs was meant to serve as a prelude to the
cession of Kangwane to Swaziland.

Both moves were bitterly disputed by the legislative assembly.

The controversy was defused on 25 November when Dr Koornhof agreed to withdraw
the decree.

Both parties further agreed to refer Swaziland's claims to Kangwane to the
RUMPFF commission

Ironically Mr De Klerk yesterday had to request the Kangwane Legislative As-
sembly to retrospectively legalise the period of direct rule.

He asked the assembly to adopt the appropriation bill and the Kangwane vali-
dation and special withdrawal bills "to validate for the period 18 June 1982
to & December 1982" the exercise by Pretoria's officials of rights and powers
in Kangwane and the withdrawal of money from the Kangwane revenue fund.

The chief executive councillor of Kangwane, Mr Enos Mabuza, was generally
conciliatory in his reply.

But, he added, it would be a “serious omission" if he did not ask Mr De Klerk

to convey to his colleagues in the cabinet the feeling of the people of Kangwane
that they were regarded by Pretoria as an “unwanted step-child."

108



Delta Steel Production
Preparation for Census
Bulgarian Gift to College
Dam Planned in Plateau

SENEGAL

Desire of Casamance Area for Independence Reportedly
Continuing Problem
(Pierre Biarnes; LE MONDE, 4 Jan 83).......eeeeeceeeeeeee

Senegambia Council of Ministers Holds First Session
(Dakar Domestic Service, 12 Jan 83) .....cecececcncnccnvee

SOUTH AFRICA

Correspondent Examines Government's Reform Plans
(John Battersby; RAND DAILY MAIL, various dates).........

Executive President's Powers Examined
(John Battersby; RAND DAILY MAIL, 22 Dec 82)..........045

Azapo Rejects DET Probe
(Nkopane Makobane; SOWETAN, 5 Jan 83)..

Mines Set for a New Labour Policy
(Tony Davis; THE STAR, 21 Dec 82)...... see e cence eee eeene

Rescinding of Naval Order Commended
(Editorial; ARMED FORCES, Dec 82)......... bese e ee eeeaee

Kroonstad School of Engineers Described
(ARMED FORCES, Dec 82)......eeeeeee Bence were cee cens

Lower Interest Rates Spur More Borrowing
(Elizabeth Rouse; SUNDAY TIMES, 19 Dec 82)........eesee0e

Criticism of Educational System Voiced
(Es'kie Mphahlele; RAND DAILY MAIL, 23 Dec 82).........45

‘End in Sight' to Coloured Housing Crisis
(RAND DAILY, MAIL, 30 Dec 82)......ceeeeeeeeeee see eeeecees

Increasing Labor Unrest Reported
(Tony Davis; THE STAR, 22 Dec 82)......

1982: One of Bleakest Years for Black Community
(Jon Sqelane; THE STAR, 27 Dec 82)........-- bec e eee eeeee

Aggett Verdict Strengthens Security Police
(THE STAR, 27 Dec 82) ....seeeeeeeeecceceeeeeenees et ee eens

-d-

47
47
Al
48

49

52

59

61

62

64

66

68

69

72

73

77

80



SADF CIVILIAN WORKS ROLE CRITICIZED

SOUTH AFRICA

Cape Town MUSLIM NEWS in English 3 Dec 82 p 16

[Editorial]

[Text]

The South African Govern-
ment is still pursuing its policy
of Total National Strategy, and
In this respect the role of the
South African Defence force in
oppressed communities is
ominous.

The plan to recruit the
oppressed into the army Is not
as successful as they wish it to
be, and the SADF, with the help
ot the media, is conducting a
massive publicity campaign on
the utilisaton of the oppressed
in the oppressor’s army.

This campaign is directed at
the community as a whole, but
the main thrust of the
propaganda Is aim at the
schools in the oppressed
communities.

A few years ago we saw the
appointment of members of
the SADF as teachers in
Soweto and ‘Kimberley.
Although there were wide-
spread protests at that time,
the State did not recall these
teachers. :

Now the SADF has intro-
duced another scheme where
groups of students from higher
primary schools in Langa,
Nyanga, Guguletu and
Mbekweni are being taken in
army trucks to ‘youth camps’
near Hermanus as part of a
programme run by the Westem

85

Cape Administration Board,
Community Councils and the
Civic Action Department of the:
SADF.

At these camps, army
instructors set Up mock
‘terrorist’ attacks and there is a
form of talent scouting to
Identify leadership elements.

When protests were voiced
against these camps the SADF
claimed that ‘the army is
neutral and we only want to win
the hearts of the people’.

But the SADF can never be

“neutral; It Is defending the

Interests of, and attempting to
entrench in power, a white
minority ruling group. This
minority has achieved political
and economic power through a
historyj of exploitation. And, as
its complete contro! has been
increasingly challenged, it has
built up a powerful military
force to keep it in power.

A wealth of propoganda has
been employed in an attempt
to disguise the reality of the
situation in South Africa — that
the SADF is fighting a civil war
against fellow South Africans
who can no longer passively
accept their oppression; while
in Namibia the “SADF is
involved as a foreign aggressor
in order to ensure continued
colonial exploitation of the



NIGER

IDA OFFERS CREDIT FOR WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS
Niamey LE SAHEL in French 22 Dec 82 p 2

{Article: "Improvement of Nigerien Water Supply: $6.5 Million Granted by
the World Bank to Our Country")

[Text] The International Development Association (IDA) announced on 16 December
1982 that a credit of 6.1 million DTS [units of account] ($6.5 million) would
be granted to our country to help in improving its water supply service.

This credit is the first to be granted by the IDA to finance the improvement

in the Nigerien water supply.

The bulk of the IDA credit--the institution is affiliated to the World Bank

and grants credits under liberal conditions--will provide for the financing

of technical assistance to the institutions concerned with water in the country:
The Ministry of Hydrology and the Environment, the Niger Electric Power Company
(NIGELEC), and the Office of Subsoil Water (OFEDES).

The project, which will cost a total of $8.2 million, will also make it possible
to finance feasibility studies concerning the reorganization of the various
institutions in the area and to provide advice on the definition of manpower
needs, the development and application of general and analytical accounting
systems for OFEDES, training, and a modest program of public works and procure-
ment of urgently-needed equipment.

The project was developed with funds coming from the World Bank for financing
the preparation of projects. For this purpose the bank provides special
credits, principally to the least developed countries. The United Nations
Development Program will make a gift of $1.05 million for the project.

The IDA credit is repayable over 50 years, including a period of 10 years
free of repayment. It is not subject to the payment of interest, but it
includes a moderate annual charge (0.5 percent) on the unexpended portion
of the credit and 0.75 percent on the portion already spent.

5170
CSO: 3419/411

30



The local content will be about 40 percent and Yugoslavia and France will fi-
nance one-third each of the total cost, with the rest coming from local
sources.

Mr Kraguljac said Yugoslavia would supply services, transport, equipment and
materials for the complex. Sources indicate that French companies are ten-
dering for electrical and mechanical equipment such as air conditioning, tele-
Phones and stage equipment for the conference centre, as well as aluminium and
glass.

The conference centre will seat 4 500 delegates and the multi-purpose hall
could be used for all kinds of entertainment, lectures and exhibitions. There
will be full Press facilities including simultaneous translation equipment for
320 reporters.

The hotel will have 18 floors, 700 beds, banquet facilities, restaurants and a
night club.

CSO: 3400/574

150



SWAZILAND

BRIEFS

MAIZE CROP DAMAGED--A DEVASTATING hail storm left a trail of damage to crops
in the Motshane and Forbes Reef areas over the weekend. One commercial farm-
er estimates his losses to be about 30 percent. Mr Jan Borrel of Timbuti Farm
between Motshane and Forbes Reef told The Times yesterday that his vegetable
crop was completely wiped out. Mr Borrel said his potatoes were due for har-
vest in three to four weeks time. He said the potatoes would now have to be
resprayed and kept under close observationuntil they pick up again. Potatoes,
he said, were a very expensive crop to cultivate as they need a lot of care--
spraying, all the time to keep away potato blight and insects. As far as the
maize is concerned, Mr Borrel said there was still a chance that it will
survive if only good rains could fall. The maize is badly shredded, but Mr
Borrel said because the main shoots were not destroyed, there is chance to re-
covery. Some farmers in the Nkaba area were also affected by the storm al-
though no serious damage was reported as the maize is still too young. Sub-
sistence farmers in the Motshane area who were also affected by the storm said
they were hopeful that their harvest would not be badly reduced by the storm
as their maize was still young due to the late start in ploughing this year.
{Text] [Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English 28 Dec 82 pp 1, 16]

cso: 3400/577

117



The Top 100 Companies

Position Rank

1981

1
4

31
abi
43
61
5
11
16
89
14
24
, 35
1.
47°
25
2
22

15

23
3

20-

. 13
: 53
18
29
10
73
. 84.
94
38
28
“26
33
76
69
33
36
27
7
82
55
» 40
69
63

18.

37.

OWHAKHAWN

Company

Toyota (South Africa) Ltd
Goldfields Industrial Corporation Ltd

Plate Glass and Shatterprufe Industries Ltd

The Union Steel Corporation of SA Ltd
Duro Industries Ltd

B & S Steel Furniture Company Ltd
Delswa Ltd ~ »

Saficon Investments Ltd

Mathieson and Ashley Ltd

Mooi River Textiles Ltd

Associated Furniture Companies Ltd
Gold Fields Property Co Ltd

+ Anglo American Gold Investment Co Ltd

Boumat Ltd
Trencor Ltd

*.: Television & Electrical 1 Holdings Ltd

Premier Paper Ltd

T.N.A. Investments Ltd

Press Supplies Holdings Ltd
Amalgamated Retail Ltd

Seardel Investment Corporation .Ltd
Gypsum Industries Ltd

McCarthy Rodway Group Ltd
Rand Mines Properties Ltd

U.C. Investments Ltd

S.A. Bias Binding Manufacturers Ltd

Suncrush Ltd
Free State Dev & Invest Corp Ltd
‘SAPPI Ltd

» Eriksen Consolidated Holdings Ltd
Anglo-Alpha Ltd ‘ mL

Berzack Brothers (Holdings) Ltd

B T R South Africa Ltd

Burlington Industries Ltd

Rennies Consolidated Holdings Ltd
Scottish Cables Ltd

W. & A Investment Corporation Ltd
Sentrust Bpk ~

*: Bradiows Stores Ltd
- Union & London Inv Trust Ltd

Federale Volks Bpk ~ | .
Malbak Ltd = -
Blue Circle Ltd ~

General Mining Union Corp Ltd

South African Assoc Newspapers Utd
Consol Ltd -

Cadbury Schweppes (SA) Ltd
Aberdare Cables Africa Ltd

Allied Technologies Ltd

Romatex Ltd

Micor Holdings Ltd -

Dunlop SA Ltd

Trade and Industry Accept Corp Ltd
Evetyn Haddon & Co Ltd
Blaikie-Johnstone, Ltd

New Wits Ltd

92

Market

Growth Sector

129,9
87,8
87,1
86,8
85,1
78,2
78,2

75,9
75,3
74,9
72,1
66,6
66,3
614
60,3
60,0
58,0
57,1
56,9
56,4

BSSSSEESE
WoO BOWS NOVOO

BSSSREPGRSSS
ooo

858528
PPNOW

OW WWW
“i 9 9 0 <o
www

Motor
Engineering
Industrial Holding
Steel & Allied
Engineering

Furn & Household
Cloth., Foot, Text
Motor

Printing & Publish
Cloth., Foot, Text
Furn & Household
Property

Mining Holding
Building & Cons
Transportation
Furn & Household

_ Paper & Pack

Stores

Paper & Pack
Furn & Household
Cloth, Foot, Text
Building & Cons
Motor

Property

Mining Holding
Cloth., Foot, Text
Bev & Hotels
Mining Holding
Paper & Pack
Motor .
Building & Cons
Engineering
Industrial Holding
Cioth., Foot, Text
Industrial Holding
Elect, Elec & Bat
Industrial Holding
Mining Holding
Furn & Household
Investment Trusts
Industrial Holding
Industrial Holding
Industrial Holding
Mining Houses
Printing & Publish
Paper & Pack
Food

Electr, Elec & Bat
Electr, Elec & Bat
Cloth., Foot, Text
Industrial Holding
Motor

Banks & Fin
Paper & Pack
Building & Cons
Mining Holding



cso:

3400/581

S/No. OFFICE

1 - President 1
2. Vice President 1
3 Governor .
4 Deputy Governor 19
- § State House of Assembly 1332
6 House of Representatives 445
7 Senate ~ 95
8 Ministers Al
9 State Commissioners 250

10 Federal/State Advisers 100

11 PLO 19

12 Local govt chairmen 600

13 Local govt secretaries 600

14 Constituency allowance
(Senate/House of
Representative)

15 Domestic servants (2 each
above members)

16 Incidentals/other _

Mem. SALARY P.A.

3
>
ce

EACH
30,000.00 _¥30.000.00
25,000.00 25,000.00
20,000:00 380,000.00
18,000.00 _ 342,000.00
12,000.00 15,984,000.00
13,000.00 5,785,000.00
14,000.00 1,330,000.00
15,000.00 615,000.00
14,000.00. 3,500,000.00
13,000.00 1,300,000.00
15,000.00 285,000.00
10,000.00 - 6,000,000.00
8,000.00 4,800,000.00

25,000.00 — 13,500,000.00
3,000.00 8,766,000.00

allowances - — — 30,000,000.00
TOTAL : 91,842,000.000
or more. ” et -missioners and the very many

‘One may even think that it:
doesn’t sound wise sellecting
candidates for an election that

comes up in year’s time. 3

How do we imagine that:
defeated candidates who are
governors or members of the
various legislatures will put in
their best between now and
October 1983?

Is it not possible that these
defeated persons may try to
grab everything they can

. Since they know it is their last:

chance? I stand to be cor-
rected. ~~ -

If we are thinking of real
austerity measures, then we .
should talk of having only 10
ministers at the centre and 5°
commissioners at the state
level.

There should be no advisers
to the President and gover-
nors since this is mainly the
work of the Thinisters, com:

33

experience permanent

‘secretaries. . -
America, with all its wealth”

and population, has only 3
Senators from each state.

Since we are following their
system, we should be able to
have only 2 Senators from
each state. 38 Senators will
defintely prove more effective
than the present market, we

ive.

The number of members of
the House of Representatives
and state legislatures should
be cut to a manageable size.

If we implement these, we
would be in a better position to
pay our teachers regularly
and give employment to our
young school leavers.

Otherwise our austerity
measures. are merely
cosmetic.