At the end of the day a committee was formed to work in the Ministry of
Interior in parallel to the the discussions continuing today at the Chamber of
Commerce. The committee was charged with preparing a draft resolution.

The afternoon was devoted to the reports of the ministers of public works and
justice. Replying to prefects' questions, Minister of Public Works Hassan
Djamous pointed out that his ministry lacks the means to handle all the
problems it faces. He said that the establishment of the National Highway
Office (OFNAR) will make it possible to solve a number of these problems, such
as road maintenance, bridge construction, and even repair of landing strips.

Allocation of housing areas was the subject of a number of lively speeches.
Some believe that there is some injustice in distribution of lots. In the
opinion of the officials of the Ministry of Public Works, Mines and Petroleum,
the Cadastral Service is facing crucial problems. The service must be given
the time to organize itself before undertaking distribution of land.

Moreover, at the moment there is no divided and available land. Land division
projects must be prepared to serve those who need land.

As Minister of Justice Oudalbaye observed, the Ministry of Justice was one
department that prompted few comments from prefects. However, he explained to
the participants the role of justice in a country emerging from a long war.
Mr Oudalbaye said that the prefects, as the direct representatives of the
president of the republic, holder of the highest office, must assure, along
with their assistants, that order prevails. The head of the Ministry of
Justice was concerned by one problem, that of guarding the prisoners of war,
political detainees, and common prisoners, all currently mixed together in the
prison. He expressed hope that an interministerial meeting can be held to
study the problem. (ATP)

9920
CSO: 3419/616

14



CONGO

ATC REPORTS RISE IN DECEMBER RIVER TRAFFIC
Brazzaville MWETI in French 24 Apr 84 p 3

[Text] December 1983 brought a rise of 34,126 tons in river
transport, translating into a growth rate of 182 percent by com-
parison with the December 1982 rate.

According to the statistical report from the Trans-Congo Commu-
nications Agency (ATC), river shipping as shown in the data was
160 percent above the estimates for the year.

The statistics show that some shippers are increasing their use
of river transport, while others are apparently just marking time.
The government report cites among its grounds for satisfaction for
this month timber shipping, which. with its 41,600 tons reflected
major gains and reached the top of the list for all products car-
ried, with close to 79 percent of the traffic for the month of
December 1983.

Traffic along the Pool, consisting mainly of cement from Zaire,
ranked second with a total of 7,350 tons, a gain of about 14 per-
cent.

Bulk shipments of cotton and fuel, which totaled 595 tons, also
reported gains over the December 1982 level.

Other traffic, including flour and salt, did not amount to the
forecast levels in some cases, and in others was non-existent.

Miscellaneous traffic, totaling 2,921 tons, lagged behind both
the 1982 level and the 1983 forecasts.

Passenger traffic is broken down into two parts. The first co-
vers the major arteries along the Congo-Ubangui-Sangha route.
This service is provided by steam tugs, which are in such short
supply that much of the traffic is handled by mixed convoys of
cargo and passengers, owing to the heavy demand.

For the month of December 1983, these carriers transported 3,091
passengers as against 3,715 last year, a 17-percent decline.

35



CONGO

BRIDGE OVER KOUILO RIVER TO BE FINISHED MAY 1985
Brazzaville MWETI in French 13 Apr 84 p 3
[Article by Auguste Batantou]

[Text] Construction work on the bridge over the Kouilou is pro-
gressing on schedule. The bridge may be open to traffic in May
of next year. Paving of the Bas-Kouilou-Nkola road, which is
part of the package deal signed on 8 March 1983 between Congo's
government and SBIB, a subsidiary of the Spie Batignolles cor-
poration, will begin in May of this year and will be completed
sometime in June 1986. These make two more major projects added
to the earlier and already completed works benefiting the citi-
zens of Madingo-Kayes and its surroundings. The breakdown of

the Bas-Kouilo ferry -- the sole connection between the two banks
-- over a month ago is further evidence of the isolation of these
people, which cries:out for remedy. ~

Now that they have water, electricity, television, and regular
fuel supplies, the Madingo-Kayes people will be getting two fa-
bulous gifts in a little less than 2 years: the Kouilo bridge

(4 billion francs) and the Bas-Kouilo-Nkola road (9° billion
francs). Completion of these two projects will go far toward
ending the district's isolation, and mark the dawn of a new era
for the 16,000 souls who live in Madingo-Kayes. No longer will
they be cut off from the rest of the country, and that means that
life will be better because there will be more frequent and quicker
contact with Pointe Noire. The nation's economic capital will be
only a 20-minute drive away, rather than the 2 hours or so it
takes now. What could be finer for them!

Steel Collar Curbs a Wild River

It was on 10 August 1983 that the chairman of the central commit-
tee of the Congolese Workers' Party, Comrade Denis Sassou-Nguesso,
laid the first stone for this ambitious work, and while he was

at it, drove the first pick where the Bas-Kouilo-Nkola road will
start its first stretch. Public Works and Construction Minister
Benoit Moundele-Ngolo dwelt at length.on the long list of woes
this bridge and this road will cure. The regional political com-
missar for Kouilou, Comrade Ngouonimba-Nezary, speaking of the

31



ZAMBIA

REVIEW OF COLLEGE TRAINING PROGRAMS EXPECTED
Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 27 Apr 84 p 1

[Text] The Party and its Government will soon review the training programmes
in colleges and other institutions to bring them in line with the nation's job
market, Minister of Higher Education Mr Rajah Kunda announced in Lusaka yester-

day.

Authorities were concerned at the large number of jobless people roaming the
streets after the nation had spent much money on their education and training.

"Now then, what is the point in spending a lot of money and energy on train-
ing someone who will only end up as a loafer?" he asked.

He was speaking at the end of a conducted tour of the Evelyn Hone College.
He was accompanied by director of Technical Education and Vocational Training
Mr Richard Lubasi.

He told members of staff that the nation could not continue to train people
who would end up as loafers.

We must sit together and find a solution to this problem. I am, therefore,
directing the director (Mr Lubasi) to begin evaluating our training programmes
with a careful analysis of the issue so that we can come up with what will be
within the nation's job market.

More emphasis should be put on the training of people in fields where they
would easily be self-employed.

Failing

To do this the Party and its Government would look to staff at the training
institutions and industries for advice and suggestions.

Mr Kunda's announcmenet comes in the wake of reports last June that between
70 and 80 University of Zambia sociology, psychology, social psychology and
African development studies graduates were failing to find jobs.

Some of the graduates who completed their studies the previous year had urged
the Government to appoint a commission of inquiry into the operations of the

86


SAPEM CORN HARVEST--A corn-picking field day to help out the Ma+
dingou Farm and Herd Company (SAPEM) was held on Saturday in
Madingou. This Harvesting effort, the first of its kind ever
held in the district to benefit the company, drew volunteers from
the company's own workers to school kids, members of Madingou's
mass organizations, and independent farmers. SAPEM, formerly
known as the SOCOTON Cotton Company. was founded in 1975 under

an agreement between Romania and the Congolese government. It

is an agribusiness which grows corn and rice, all of it sold
directly to the Food Crop Office (OCV). SAPEM is expanding its
activities to include livestock, raising beef cattle, hogs,

and poultry. Currently employed by the company are 63 Congolese
workers, seven Romanian nationals, and one Cuban. In 1980,

SAPEM produced 2 million tons of corn. As for the livestock ven-
ture, it reported 1,780 head of cattle, 1,714 hogs, 3,000 pul-
lets, 3,000 layers, and 4,000 fat hens. Over the past few months,
these numbers have declined drastically. Reasons cited for the
problem are obsolete or broken-down machinery and the severe finan-
cial straits the company is experiencing. [Text] [Brazzaville
MWETI in French 24 Apr 84 p 3] 6182

PDRK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION-- Arriving in the capital last Wed-
nesday, the Korean parliamentary delegation headed by Comrade
Yang Hyong Sop, chairman of the permanent committee of the So-
vereign People's Assembly of the People's Democratic Republic of
Korea, is still in our country. The Korean delegation, accompanied
by Comrade Jean Ganga-Zandzou, went to Pointe-Noire this morning
to look at some new enterprises in the Kouilou region. It is
expected back in the capital this evening at 1700 hours to con-
tinue its stay. Before returning home, the Korean parliamentary
delegation will tour the Sangha and Pool districts on 7 and 8
April, respectively. [Excerpt] Brazzaville MWETI in French 6

Apr 84 p 3 6182

EQUATORIAL GUINEA DELEGATION-- The Minister for Foreign Affairs
and Cooperation of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Marcelino
Onguene Nguema, returned home last Friday after a 4-day official
visit to the People's Republic of Congo. Shortly before his de-
parture, he was received by the head of State, Col Denis Sassou-
Nguesso, to whom he delivered a message of friendship and support
from his brother and friend, President Obiang Nguema Mbazogo,
President of the Republic and Head of State. During his stay here
Marcelino Onguene Nguema visited Quesso, where he toured some re-
cent construction. The delegation's stay allowed time for many
talks aimed at building cooperation between the two countries.
Congo and Equatorial Guinea are firmly convinced of the need

to strengthen and remotivate this cooperation, because only co-
operation among African countries can overcome ‘the great problems
besetting the continent. With this in mind, the talks went off
in an atmosphere of cordiality and of complete understanding.
[Excerpt] [Brazzaville MWETI in French 3 Apr 84 p 3] 6182

40
CSO: 3419/636


PREFECTS CONFERENCE DISCUSSES IMPROVED DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION
Interior Minister Interview
N'Djamena INFO TCHAD in French 14 Apr 84 pp 1-6

{Exclusive interview of Minister of Interior and Security Taher Guinassou by
Agence Tchadienne de Presse (ATP); date and place not specified]

[Excerpts] From Monday to Thursday, 16-20 April, it will be territorial
administration time in N'Djamena. The conference of Chad prefects, under the
high patronage of President of the Republic Hissein Habre, will open on
Monday. It will be the task of the officials of Interior and Security, as
well as the various ministerial departments, to review a year of management of
the Chadian districts and prepare the future guidelines for effective
activity. The prefect, who seeks to serve as the intermediary between the
people and the government, remains through his daily contact with our

people the special instrument for dialogue and incentive in the framework of
the government policy of national reconciliation.

On the eve of this meeting, we met with Minister of Interior and Security
Taher Guinassou, who reviewed the administrative situation in the country and
explained the various actions undertaken to enable the administration to
operate.

ATP: Mr Minister, a meeting of Chad prefects will be held during the next few
days in N'Djamena. On the eve of this meeting, would you review for us the
administrative situation in the country?

Taher Guinassou: Yes, the meeting of Chad prefects will begin Monday 16 April
under the high patronage of Comrade Hissein Habre, president of the republic
and head of state. The participation of the highest state officials in this
meeting clearly demonstrates the special interest of the government of the
Third Republic in strengthening the administration of our districts. There
were some features of the administrative situation existing prior to the
Third Republic that I would like to point out to you: the appointment of
agents selected by the people, those administered; the existence of
mini-states independent of the central authority; corruption in the state
government, etc. In short, there prevailed a situation of outright anarchy,
which constantly subjected the people to injustice, terror and arbitrary
action.

However, since the historic date of 7 June 1982, the government has undertaken
to introduce a uniform system of management of our administrative districts,



the union's dynamism. Also adopted was a resolution calling for a proper un-
derstanding of the role and nature of the union. Lastly, a motion on training
and information calls on all the member unions to meet together for broad demo-
cratic debates.

Convinced that the struggle being waged by the CNR is also the CSV's struggle,
the CSV congress has just pointed out the way to all its members and all those
in other union confederations that are prepared to commit themselves solely to
the just causes which are in harmony with the current political context.

11798
CSO: 3419/581

68



SENEGAL

SPLIT IN TEACHERS' UNION REPORTED
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 30 Apr 84 p 10
[rticle by Abdallah Faye and Aliou Barry/

Fiext/ Is this the final breakup of the Sole Democratic
Trade Union of Senegalese Teachers (SUDES)? There is
every reason to think so after the extraordinary congress
held last Friday, which dismissed certain members of the
National Executive Bureau (BEN) from their offices and
issued warnings to others.

The very next day, that faction was to convene its congress and elect its
national executive bureau headed by Mamadou Ndoye, former SUDES secretary
general.

It had, moreover, occupied the headquarters at Bopp before being driven out
by the legalists, who were there early yesterday evening when we met with
M Madior Diouf, present head of the union, who took office following the

1981 congress.

Very relaxed and at ease, he considered that with the departure of those al-
ready called "dissidents" SUDES will definitely emerge from deadlock and
that its spirits will be better, "I will even say excellent."

That optimism and serenity is explained by the fact that it was the rank-
and-file militants themselves who presided over the adoption of those mea-

sures.
How did things come to this point of no return?

An Abortive Congress

Following the abortive congress of 27 December, the secretary_general of
SUDES had sent a letter to teachers inviting /words illegible/ calling of

regular meetings, mainly the Administrative Commission in office since 1981,
which is now the sole body capable of directing the union.

50



GUINEA-BISSAU

FISHING SECRETARIAT ANNOUNCES NEW FISH PRICES
Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 14 Apr 84 p 6

[Text] In accordance with decisions reached by the Council of Ministers last
22 February, the Secretariat of Fishing has just introduced new fish prices to
be effective henceforth.

According to a note sent to this newspaper, the prices will be as follows:
first-quality fish (barracuda, grouper, sole, surmullet, tuna fillets, pandora,
and barbel): 90 pesos per kilogram; second quality (sinapa and croaker 2): 70
pesos; third quality (needlefish, cachorete, headed tuna, sareia, horse mack-
erel, bentana, and red tail): 50 pesos per kilogram; fourth quality (barbinho,
croaker 1, catfish, machado, rebenta conta, shark, moray eel, and mullet): 36
pesos per kilogram; and fifth quality (croaker 0, white machado, frostfish,
and djafal): 30 pesos per kilogram.

The new price list also establishes the following prices for crustaceans:

C-1: 850 pesos; C-2: 700 pesos; C-3: 600 pesos; C-4: 500 pesos; C-5: 350 pesos;
C-6: 250 pesos; C-7: 200 pesos; C-8: 150 pesos; crab claws and body: 80 pesos;
and mollusks (cuttlefish, squid, and octopus): 100 pesos per kilogram.

Meanwhile, to protect the consumer price, the producing enterprises are grant-
ing the middlemen ("bideiros") a flat marketing margin of 4 pesos per kilogram.

Also in the case of fish sold in the interior of the country, according to our
source, the region in question will authorize a flat margin in the same amount
to be granted by the enterprise.

On the other hand, fish from the projects (Bubaque and Cacheu) will be marketed
as follows: first quality: producer price: 45 pesos, consumer price: 55 pesos;
second quality: producer: 37 pesos, consumer 47.50 pesos; third quality: pro-
ducer: 22.50 pesos, consumer: 32.50 pesos; fourth quality: producer: 19.50
pesos, consumer: 29.50 pesos; and fifth quality: producer: 15 pesos, consumer:
25 pesos.

11798
CSO: 3442/353

48



The Administrative Commission therefore met, said M Ndoye, and elected its
new executive board. "Our congress is legal and legitimate," he considers.

The congress took the additional decision to suspend certain members of the
former naticnal executive board, including M Madior Diouf, and it ordered

an investigation of their management. 'We are not responsible for the split,
and our congress is perfectly in order."

M Ndoye is convinced the majority supports the elected board, and that ina
few months the situation will clear up.

The essential point, he emphasized, is that "SUDES was able to save itself."
Speaking to militants Saturday afternoon, he enjoined them to show initia-

tive and firmness before the authorities: "Do not hesitate to approach the
authorities, but remain firm," he urged them.

6145
CSO: 3419/639

54



"The participating Colored and Indian Parties will be entering into a new
dispensation, whereas a conservative monetary policy will chiefly affect the
poor. The negative growth-rate is the reason why thousands of students are
hanging around now without jobs. The people will hold the officials of the
new government responsible for this state of affairs."

Nonpartisan

Mr Arthur Booysen, leader of the Freedom Party, has labeled the budget as
"rather neutral."

He did indicate, however, that it is "chiefly a white budget." Mr Booysen
expressed his confidence that the coloreds will have a greater say in the
nation's budget when the new dispensation is in place.

"We shall then be directly involved and make a contribution that is related
to our own peoples’ needs." he stated. "The budget can then chiefly be used
to eliminate the problem of poverty in our society."

Mr Charles Julies, the leader of the Reformed Freedom Party, was of the opinion
that cigarettes, beer and luxury items could be taxed more heavily, but that
sales taxes on food staples should be abolished.

Pensions

He said that with the raising of pensions the goal ought to have been the
wholesale elimination of disparity. "In these times, when we are striving
for peace, freedom and equality, discrimination in pension allotments must
be eliminated," said Mr Julies.

United Democratic Front

The United Democratic Front (UDF) criticized the Government because it "has
once again chosen to give increased funding to defense, at the expense of
the nation's colored and black pension-holders, as well as to black and
colored education."

Mr George du Plessis, chairman of the UDF Board of Directors, said: "It is
often claimed that the financial gap between white, colored and black education,
as well as between the incomes of pension-holders, will be wiped out or at
least narrowed, but this year's budget reflects just the opposite."

Education

Professor Richard Van der Ross, rector of the University of West Cape
Province, said that he is glad to see that more money is being spent on
education. "I hope that there will now be a real effort to carry out the
recommendations of the Lange Commission.

"I should have liked to see that some of the money allotted be spent on non-
formal education (for adults)--and the training of young people to enable them
to quality for trade specialization-~and on pre-school education," said
Professor Van der Ross.

8117
cso: 3401/70 58



GUINEA-BISSAU

OVERVIEW OF NATIONAL ECONOMY, POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 24 Apr 84 p 8

[Text] Bissau--The economy of Guinea-Bissau, a country which will be the sub-
ject of a roundtable to be held in Lisbon in May, is bipolarized, one pole
being urban and the other traditional.

One of the basic problems mentioned by the Guinea-Bissau administration is that
of organizing and unifying those two economies.

Marketed domestic production has been declining sharply, while at the same
time, a growing share of agricultural production is being diverted across the
frontier to other economies, says a study prepared by the Secretariat of State
for Planning.

The private middleman prefers direct barter or payment in CFA francs, the rea—
son being that Guinea-Bissau's monetarized economy has not been able to meet
the peasants halfway with products and goods essential to the rural sector.

Experts at the Secretariat of State for Planning feel that the value of produc-
tion leaving the country illegally equals that of the country's official ex-
ports (which average $14 million).

The government nevertheless feels that Guinea-Bissau's economy has good devel-
opment potential. Agricultural production could be increased considerably
simply by expanding the cultivated area, which currently totals 300,000 hectares
but has a potential for 990,000 hectares.

In view of the current low yields, self-sufficiency in food is regarded as a
realistic objective.

As far as animal husbandry is concerned, there are 258,000 head of cattle,
300,000 goats, 122,000 pigs, and 600,000 poultry.

The area covered by forests totals 2.6 million hectares. The potential for

wood with a diameter of over 40 centimeters is estimated at 41 million cubic
meters, the chief species being bissilon, African mahogany, and bloodwood.

46



system includes three electric lines, covering the following areas: from the hy-
droelectric station to Bouansa, 43 kilometers long; from Bouansa to Nkayi (56 ki-
lometers); and from Nkayi to Loudima (25 kilometers). The 35 kv line serves
three subsidiary lines: from Bouansa to Loutete (15 kilometers), Bouansa to Ma-
dingou (25 kilometers), and Loudima to Loubomo (49 kilometers). The 10 kv cur-
rent is carried on six lines: Bouansa Post Office to the Bouansa Railroad Sta-
tion, Moukoukoulou to Mouyondzi, Nkayi to Suco, the Loubomo Post Office to the
Loubomo electricity distribution center, the Loudima Post Office to Malela to
the Loudima Railroad Station, and the Loudima Post Office to the Loudima Dis-
trict Office. Finally, the 225 kv high tension current is carried over a single
line from the Loudima Post Office to Pointe-Noire, a distance of 170 kilometers,
for the electric supply of Pointe-Noire from the Mongo~Kamba Post Office, where
the necessary work has been done by the French company, SPIE-Batignoles.

It should also be noted that the Moukoukoulou electricity distribution network
will be extended with the completion in the near future of the Mossendjo and Si-
biti lines. The high tension line from Loudima to Pointe-Noire presents the most
problems involving breakdowns in the line. Most often, these are due to atmo-
spheric conditions in the Mayombe area. Despite these difficulties, the inter-
ruptions in the current have never lasted for more than 1 hour, except when work
has been in progress on the line. In Pointe-Noire the interruptions in the ser-
vice are not the result of a breakdown in the line but are rather due to the age
of the cables in the city, which can no longer bear the pressure of the electri-
city, while the consumption of electricity increases each year.

5170
CSO: 3419/637

18



The second portion, covering traffic to the inland ports in the
Cuvette and along the Likouala, with Dongou and Mossaka as its
base, is handled by light. convoys of shallow-draft water coaches
well suited to the changing water levels and to the individual
quirks of the rivers around these ports.

Looking at the total passenger traffic, one sees a decline of
16 percent from 1982 and a 7=percent ‘shortfall from the 1983
forecasts.

The annual head-count of passenger traffic shows that 49,798
people traveled by river transport, as opposed to 57,666 in 1982.
Part of this decline can be explained by reductions in convoy
size, which brought them down from 5 units in 1982 to only four:
the packet City of Betou was converted to a line tug in June of
1982), by the retirement of the packet City of Ngabe, and by
heightened competition from private carriers using the same river
routes.

Total cargo traffic as of the end of December 1983 indicates
that, with the exception of cotton and the miscellaneous ship-
ments which remained low by comparison with 1982, cargo traffic
recorded some major advances.

The total cargo tonnage carried came to 294,358 tons , while the
budget forecast called for only 256,200 tons, which means a rise
of 11 percent.

Traffic between the CAR and Congo declined from 23.33 percent in
December 1982 to 13.17 percent in December 1983. The total ton-

nage carried was 166,469 tons, 21,922 tons of which handled by
the ATC River Transport and’ 144,547 tons for Socatraf.

6182
cso: 3419/635

36



the workers may have been made by the CNR without its being able to discuss
them with the unions, the only reason was their urgent nature, said the minis-—
ter of labor, social security, and civil service.

The tone grew a little sharp only on the subject of what were regarded as cer-
tain antiunion statements by a few members of the CNR and certain aspects of
the revolutionary people's courts that were regarded as defective. Concerning
those courts, the CSV deplores the fact that they concentrate excessively on
economic crimes and not enough on the political schemes and responsibilities
of delinquents.

Close Relations

Essentially, the CSV says it is ready to work hand in hand with the CDR's in a
climate of mutual respect for the very future of the revolution. In an
attention-getting speech at the conclusion of the congress, the national secre-
tary general of CDR's also tried to remove all doubt about the attempt to cause
opposition between the unions and the CDR's performing their duties. In his
opinion, there should be close relations between revolutionary unions and CDR's
performing their duties: "two kinds of organization that must cooperate in de-
stroying the neocolonial state apparatus and building the new society." In
fact, it is for the purpose of laying firmer foundations for that cooperation
that the National General Secretariat of CDR's intends to appoint one of its
members to ensure permanent liaison with the leadership bodies of revolution-
ary unions "so as to resolve in a revolutionary manner the conflicts that may
arise here and there."

Outstretched Hand

In choosing the policy of extending its hand to all anti-imperialist unions,
the CNR is determined to work for consolidation of the democratic people's
revolution with the people as a whole and their conforming mass organizations.
Redefining the role and tasks of the union movement in the current revolution-
ary context, the CSV decided at the conclusion of its congress to revise its
platform of demands. It feels that since the change on 4 August, the content
of the demands must now favor demands of a political nature over those of a
social nature, contrary to the situation that existed under the neocolonial
regimes.

Before turning the meeting over to the new secretary general of the CSV for
his final remarks, and before the reading of the motions and recommendations,
the chairman of the executive board of the congress, Hyacinthe Ouedraogo,
pointed out that despite the length of the debates, the work had proceeded in
a spirit of comradeship. The new board, consisting of 21 members, includes
Soumane Toure, who was reelected secretary general. He expressed the hope that
over the next 2 years, the CSV will grow and truly become an organization aware
of its responsibilities in the new Upper Voltan context.

The crisis within the CSV that resulted from the policy of repression pursued

by the CMRPN [Military Committee of Recovery for National Progress} and the
departure of some of its member unions led’ the congress to recommend restoring

67



Food Security Office Prepares for 1984-1985 Crop Season
(NO PINICHA, 7 Apr 84)..........

Overview of National Economy, Potential for Development
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 24 Apr 84).

Fishing Secretariat Announces New Fish Prices
(NO PINICHA, 14 Apr 84)...

Briefs
Cooperation With Mali
Study of Cacheu River

SENEGAL

Split in Teachers’ Union Reported
(Abdallah Faye, Aliou Barry; LE SOLEIL, 30 Apr 84)..

SOUTH AFRICA

Press Comment on Foreign Policy Topics
(Various sources, various dateS)....sesessececccececceecees

Americans' Bomb Death, Editorial

Zimbabwe Situation on Anniversary, Editorial
Botha Visit to FRG, Editorial

Colored Leaders Comment on Budget

UPPER VOLTA

SNEAHV Agitation Against CNR Reviewed
(Luc-Adolphe Tiao; CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, No 822, 16 Mar 84)..

Relations With Algeria, SDAR, Mauritania Discussed
(Clement Tapsoba; CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, No 824, 30 Mar 84)...

Second CSV Special Congress Proceedings Reviewed
(Jean-Paul Konseibo; CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, No 825, 6 Apr 84).

Publication To Mobilize Country's Students in Dakar
(CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, No 826, 13 Apr 84).........

ZAIRE

Bavarian Party Reportedly Conducts Own 'Foreign Policy’
(DER SPIEGEL, No 16, 16 Apr 84)........c cece eeereceeeeeceee

45

46

48

49

49

50

55

59

63

66

69


level of each member because, the committee of delegates emphasizes, "we must
recognize that the theoretical level is still low." In view of that, the RVD
is hoping for revolutionary and constructive criticism from the members and
all its readers whenever theoretical shortcomings slip into the various issues
of the publication.

The following pages of the RVD are devoted basically to the report of the gen-
eral constituent meeting of the CDR of Upper Voltan students in Dakar, which
was held last 5 December. That report draws attention to a certain number of
elements that are necessary for the smooth operation of the CDR, examples being
democratic centralism, the principles of criticism and self-criticism, and,
lastly, the basic tasks of the CDR of students in Dakar. On this last-named
point, and in view of the objective situation in which this CDR operates, three
basic goals are assigned to the CDR: political training, the solving of the
students' material and moral problems and the organization of sociocultural
activities (for which the CDR plans to appoint a delegate in charge of social
affairs from among the five delegates), and, as the third goal assigned to the
CDR, the regular organization of general meetings at which all students without
exception will be entitled to speak, regardless of their union membership.

We can only wish the RVD and the CDR success in their tasks. Since Dakar Uni-
versity has always been in the vanguard of university struggles in our subregion
and, indeed, of the African student movement, there is no doubt that the level
of the debates will enable the CDR and the RVD to play to the full their role
of mobilization and consciousness-raising among Upper Voltan students in par-
ticular and all students in general, without sectarianism, on behalf of the
democratic people's revolution.

11798
Cs0: 3419/581

70



UPPER VOLTA

PUBLICATION TO MOBILIZE COUNTRY'S STUDENTS IN DAKAR
Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French No 826, 13 Apr 84 p 19

[Text] Upper Voltan students in Dakar have their own publication for propa-
ganda, agitation, and struggle by the Committee for the Defense of the Revolu-
tion [CDR]. That is the self-description provided by the newspaper titled

LE REVOLUTIONNAIRE VOLTAIQUE A DAKAR (RVD). Its issue No 0 [as published],
with about 10 pages, appeared on the university campus a few weeks ago. Why
a newspaper? The members of the Committee of CDR Delegates say that "the es-
tablishment of a publication for struggle is a matter of principle for any
revolutionary organization." They emphasize that "one of the conditions con-
tributing to the favorable outcome and success of a revolution is information:
the explanation of that revolution's underlying objectives so as to create the
conditions for mobilizing the broad exploited masses."

The RVD intends to satisfy two principal aims, which are:
1. Propaganda and revolutionary agitation.

2. Organizational and ideological unity. On the first point, the RVD, which
recalls that propaganda and agitation are essential tasks assigned to the CDR's
in the political policy statement by the CNR [National Council of the Revolu-
tion], feels that "to dissociate itself from middle-class revolutionism (that
is, those who are revolutionaries in words only), the CDR for the students in
Dakar must truly echo the RDP [Democratic People's Revolution] in student
circles in general and among students in Dakar in particular." This, the

RVD emphasizes, "is all the more necessary in that international imperialism
and the Upper Voltan bourgeoisie, with its political rabble in student circles,
are seeking to achieve their vile counterrevolutionary ends by spreading
slanderous rumors about the events taking place in Upper Volta." The RVD says
it is ready to help the CNR thwart all plots by providing public opinion with
sound and objective information. Even better, the RVD is assigning itself

the role of a recruiter.

The RVD's second objective will be the vertical mobilization of students in
Dakar on behalf of the CDR. For example, the RVD will summarize all of the
CDR's activities, especially its political debates, and encourage members to
progress constantly on the path leading to fulfillment of all the revolutionary
tasks incumbent on the CDR. In addition, the publication intends to systema~
tize the various political debates as a way of helping raise the political

69



fhe impressively pointless and luxurious jangle project could neither run,
nor would it serve any purpose without the several dozen whites who keep
it going. Nonetheless, 18 nations have contributed to the project, includ-
ing Israel, France, Belgium and Italy. The 19th nation represented in Gba~
dolite is the Free State of Bavaria which enjoys a particular close rele~
tionship to those who hold power in Zaire.

Ever since the Hanns Seidel Foundation, which has close ties to the CSU, moved
4into a former colonial villa in the center of Kinshasa (now state-owned) and
had it refurbished with FRG government assistance as a kind of Bavarian
embassy--the Free State's oval emblem modestly on display inside the building--
the Bavarians have been viewed by the Zairian upper classes as the cream of

the German nation. By comparison, the official representatives of the Bonn
government have their unpretentious office on the top floor of a nondescript
commercial building beside the Zaire River. Construction was recently started
on a new chancellery and residence but it will be difficult for Bonn's diplo-
mats to catch up with the Strauss team any time soon.

Tis is a fact not only because of the stately building the Bavarians
occupy. The CSU and the Seidel Foundation—whose ties to the political
party are not only of an ideological nature—decided in the mid-seventies
%o focus their work abroad on Zaire. The Munich group did not think mech
of the work being done by the Bonn diplomats. Instead, they came right
out with a large sum of money to create the proper atmosphere. And ever
since they proposed a project for the construction of a clinic in Gbado-
lite they have had the president's ear.

When the then SPD-run ministry for economic cooperation (NZ) in Bonn—
which pays for most of the projects undertaken by the political founda—
tions in foreign countries—turned the project down, arguing that it

was only designed to "enhance the president's prestige," the Bavarians
quickly came up with a different name for the project. It was now no
longer called "Gbadolite Clinic" but "medical program for the rural popu-
lation of the equatorial region." That had a better ring to it and also
served to open up the coffers.

The Gredit Institute for Reconstruction made DM 3 million available for
the renovation of existing buildingsin the Mobutu village. The Seidel
Foundation provided the medical personnel, including doctors and support
staff from Munich's Right Bank [of the Isar] Hospital. The ongoing costs
of about DM 1 million per year are taken care of by the Foundation, pri-
marily drawing on BMZ funds.

The Bavarian personnel was completely overtaxed, however. None of

the doctors knew a word of French; only a few knew anything at all about
tropical medicine, It was an unhappy Dr. Witetruk who reported back to
headquarters that highly sophisticated equipment had been sent to the
‘bush “which even German specialists do not know how to operate."

72



CONGO

BOUENZA PUSHING FAMILY-=SCALE FISH-FARMING
Brazzaville MWETI in French 6 Apr 84 p 3

{Article by J.D. Missama (with the collaboration of Clement
Achille Mouanda of the Bouenza Press ]

In view of the population explosion and the decline of wild game
and fishery products in our country, it has become necessary to
encourage all forms of fish-farming. During the 5-year plan, the
leadership has laid particular stress on the development and ex-
pansion of fish-farming, which has been on the back burner for
some years, in order to meet the needs of family-scale fish-farm-
ing in rural areas so as to help solve the problem of self-suf-
ficiency in food for our people.

In th’ Bouenza region, where, experts point out, fish-farming has
strong tradition behind it, the regional Rivers and Forests
agency is engaged in an all-out effort to teach its techniques
and to provide guidance for the farmers who might engage in it.
As a part of that effort, the agency is encouraging farmers to
form cooperatives in order to achieve higher returns on their
investment. By way of incentive, the Agency is operating two
model fish farms, one at the pilot farm at Madingou, located 7
kilometers from the station on the Bokosongo route, and a demon-
stration farm. ‘ :

The Madingou pilot station covers 2,5536 hectares. With 26
ponds, 8 of them already in operation, it is viewed as the
mother-house where the stress is laid primarily on reviving a
lost tradition. _

The Mfouati demonstration farm covers 31 ares and operates
three ponds. It plays a double role: first, to check on the
growth of the tilapia, and thereafter to make sure the rural
growers get adequate supplies of fingerlings.

Both operations are thriving and serve as a home base for main-
taining production levels while making sure they get deliveries
in marketable quantity. The species currently farmed are tilapia
and catfish, both chosen on the basis of their rating as rich
sources of protein and of their ready adaptability.

29



CONGO

IMPACT OF MOUKOUKOULOU HYDROELECTRIC COMPLEX ON NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Functions Only Partially

Brazzaville MWETI in French 30 Mar 84 p 3

[Article by Nestor Okomi]

[Text] On 27 March 1984 the first group of turbo-generators at the Moukoukoulou
hydroelectric complex was placed in service. Since then the generators have func-
tioned continuously, apart from occasional interruptions to clean the machinery.
The installed capacity of the generators is 74 MW [megawatts], and the electricity
so generated supplies the Bouenza and Niari regions. However, demand has hardly
exceeded the level of 5 MW. The existence of a high tension line (110 kilovolts)
between Moukoukoulou and Loudima (124 kilometers) led to the construction of a
Very High Tension (THT), 225 kilovolt line from Loudima to Pointe-Noire, a dis-
tance of 170 kilometers.

At present the Moukoukoulou dam provides a large amount of electricity which re-
portedly could supply Brazzaville and communities along National Route No 2.

Installed on the Bouenza River, whose flow at its highest level amounts to 421
cubic meters per second and 53.9 cubic meters per second at its lowest point, the
spillway at the dam drops the water 72 meters. With an installed capacity of 74
MW (five times as large as that of the Djoue hydroelectric station), the Moukou-
koulou hydroelectric complex has an annual productive capacity of 497 million kwh
[kilowatt hours]. In any case, this is substantially more than the present dis-
tribution zone requires.

This hydroelectric center will have four groups of 18,500 kwh generators, equipped
with a turbine which can pump 32 cubic meters of water per second. There is also
a water elevator which has two transformers with a 45,000 kv [kilovolt-ampere] ca-
pacity.

Because of Small Demand Moukoukoulou Functions Only Partially
It is true that when you look at the electric power production curve of the Mou-
koukoulou Dam since its first year of operation in 1979, it can be seen that with

the beginning of distribution of electricity to Pointe-Noire in particular, the
demand for electric current in the South has been growing.

15



CONGO

CFT PERFECTS PROPAGATION TECHNIQUE FOR LIMBA TREE
Brazzaville MWETI in French 6 Mar 84 p 3
[Article by Auguste Batantou]

[Text] Already flushed with its successful world first in per-
fecting the technique for bud propagation of eucalyptus trees,
the Pointe-Noire Tropical Forestry Technical Center (CTFT) is
about to announce a second achievement: development and large-
scale application of bud propagation techniques to the limba
tree.

All this has taken a number of years of research, beginning in
1972 and going through several phases. One of the first phases
was the selection of prime specimen trees growing at Mossendjo,
Kibangou, Makabana, and in the Mayombe. In 1976 the first pro-
pagation nurseries were established at Loudima and Mboukou-Nsitou.
CTFT research people then launched on their first cloning tests
in 1978. That test consisted of comparing clones from selected
trees growing in the same preserve.

The overall findings of all this research led the CIFT in 1980 to
open its pilot limba afforestation center at Ngoua in the Niari
district. The center was officially opened on 14 February, and
it will allow the experts to perfect new techniques for bud graft-
ing the limba and to train the skilled work force indispensable
for establishing large plantations.

The CIFT's goal, and that. of the Ministry of Culture, Arts, and
Scientific Research, is to turn "Program Limba" into a revenue-
generating project like the one it ran on the eucalyptus.

Thanks to the CIFT, Congo has become the first country to master
the techniques for bud propagation of eucalyptus. This success
led our country in 1978 to set’ up the Congo Industrial Afforesta-
tion Unit (UAIC). As of today, the unit has planted 14,000
hectares to eucalyptus. Expected yield is 35,000 hectares, which
will supply the pulp mill planned for the near future.

21



Breakdowns Due to Obsolescence of the Urban Electricity Network

A team of Chinese technicians charged with the protection of the electricity lines
periodically checks their condition and operating capacity. They watch over the
lines tirelessly. However, it sometimes happens that Mouyondzi (27 kilometers
from the dam) is plunged into complete darkness, That has nothing to do with the
hydroelectric station, of course. This is due to severe atmospheric conditions
(tornadoes and lightning) which at times break the line coming from the station.

However, in the major urban centers, such as Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire, the
problem of electricity supply involves the obsolescence of the cables and the
growth in the number of consumers.

The present cables have been in place around 33 years, since the former colonial
electricity company was in operation. There are short circuits in these cables
where they are connected to other cables. The immediate result is complete dark—
ness, with all that involves in terms of shutting down the electrical system.

Energy Distribution
Brazzaville MWETI in French 20 Apr 84 p 3
{Article by J. D.Missama]

{Excerpts] For the last 6 years a hydroelectric station has
been functioning in the northern part of the Mouyondzi region,
an example of Sino-Congolese cooperation. The station was
built on the Bouenza River at Moukoukoulou Falls, 27 kilo-
meters from the capital of Mouyondzi District. The station
is intended essentially for the production of electricity.
It already supplies Mouyondzi, Bouansa, Loutete, Madingou,
Nkayi, and Loudima. It was recently connected to Pointe-
Noire. The Moukoukoulou hydroelectric station is there-
fore advantageous for our country's economic development.
The transmission of electricity from the generating sta-
tion to Pointe-Noire is accomplished over a complicated
network, J D Missama, a permanent member of our staff,

has interviewed Ngoumbi Honis, the director of the Lou-
dima electricity station, who described the network for

the transmission of the electricity produced at Moukou-
koulou, providing many of the technical details.

In effect, the plan presented by the Congolese Government for the development of
the southern part of the country envisaged the construction of several economic
production units, including a wood pulp factory at Loudima (according to the pre-
vious draft), the expansion of the fruit plantation at Loudima and the construc-
tion of a factory for processing preserved fruit and fruit juice, a chemical fac-
tory, a foundry, and the redevelopment of existing companies, such as Cidolou,
Huilka, and Suco. In the framework of this program the main effort has been con-
centrated in the vicinity of Bouansa, Nkayi, and Loudima. Three 110 kv distri-
bution panels were installed, and electricity is being transmitted over several
different electric lines, with four different kinds of voltage. The 110 kv

17



Fish-farming has met with widespread acceptance in Mfouati dis--
trict because of the presence of streams suited to it. There
are more than 52 fish-farmers in the area, with operations
covering 247 ponds and an area of 447 ares. . In Madingou and
Nkayi districts, existing cooperatives have expanded to include
both their original farming activities and fish-farming, and
there are also a number of individual fish-farmers working con-
siderable acreage. The pre-cooperative group in Kingoye~Moudoko
is already operating three ponds; the coop in Nkayi is making
good progress in working its 11.80 acres with eight ponds. In
Mouyondzi, the fingerling hatchery and restocking station is
idle for lack of extension workers and trained manpower. The
regional Waters and Forests Agency is planning to assign a teach-
ing team to that area to counter that shortcoming. It should
nevertheless be pointed out that this particular activity is beset
by a number of problems in Bouenza, mainly connected with getting
help to construct the ponds. Then there is a shortage of food,
which means that the fish do not thrive as they should, the lack
of fingerlings to start the ponds, and fish-farming technical
assistance is not all it should be. For serving an entire dis-
trict the size of Bouenza, two extension agents are clearly not
enough, That means that the extension-level backup must be in-
creased if the performance anticipated in the’ 5-year plan is to
be met. :

6182
CSO: 3419/635



involve establishing institutions that will enable the people to participate
in public affairs. He believes that we must multiply the administrative
bodies that seek to restore the administrative districts to the dimension of
the man who administers them, and to base them on human, geographic. and
political criteria.

Mr Yorongar's document explains the prefect's administrative and political
responsibilities. As the representative of the government and agent of the
powérs of the republic, the prefect administers his district and assumes
direction of all the public services. In order to best perform this role, Mr
Yorongar believes the prefect must establish permanent and direct relationship
with the local authorities and those administered; the prefect keeps the
government informed of all details of the life in his district, and he must be
able to present a specific proposal and reasoned opinion on each issue of
interest to his department.

After these presentations, several prefects read reports that in part

were prompted by the difficulties that the local authorities encounter daily.
The prefect of Mayo-Kebbi, Mr Pofinet, explained that his district, in
addition to the shortages and the decline in the economic structures, faces a
number of administrative problems. He criticized the bad performance of the
COPOFAN [expansion unknown] members in the area and the contentious relations
with the traditional chiefs, who seem to ignore the prefectural hierarchy.

Also, the Moyen-Chari prefect called on the central government to give
prefects the right to take initiatives so as to be able to plan a development
program. Mr Ngaradoum said he particularly hoped for a decentralization to
give decisionmaking power to the prefectural government, with the purpose of
improving the slow pace that seems to be established in the administration.
The prefect of Ouaddai, on the other hand, called for reopening of the Abeche
refinery to give that district the means to resolve its economic problems.

Final Day's Session
N'Djamena INFO TCHAD in French 19 Apr 84 pp 2-4

[Text] The annual conference of prefects continued its work at the Chamber of
Commerce, Industry and Agriculture in N'Djamena. Yesterday morning was mainly
taken up with discussion of the addresses the previous evening by the minister
of defense, veterans and war victims, Routouang Yoma, and the minister of
economy and commerce, Ali Djalbord Diar.

It is recalled that the defense minister's address dealt in particular with
the conflict of responsibility between civilian and military. Mr Routouang
said that we are witnessing again in the provinces a continuation of the
behavior that developed during the crisis period, in this case the military
getting involved in matters that are the responsibility of the administration.
As an example, he pointed out that in the justice area judgments are being
issued by local military instead of the judicial authorities, and fines and
seizures are decided on unilaterally by the military. The defense minister
explained that on the financial level military individuals assuming functions
of customs and treasury agents but not authorized by the Ministry of Finance

12



ZAMBIA

DELIVER GOODS TO THE PEOPLE, CHILUBA URGES
Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 3 May 84 p 1

[Text] Zambia Congress of Trade Unions chairman Mr Frederick Chiluba has
called on the Party and its Government to provide essential goods to the

people.

Addressing a May Day rally on the same platform with President Kaunda which
also coincided with the tenth anniversary of the President's Citizenship Col-
lege at the Rock of Authority near Kabwe on Tuesday, Mr Chiluba said the
Party and its Government as a parent of Zambians should live up to its
expectations.

In the same way children expected sustenance from their fathers and mothers,
the Party and its Government had similar responsibilities no matter what
problems it faced including droughts.

The labour movement demanded nothing but the truth and urged the Party to
drop what he called its utopian life and become more practical,

"We must be understood for what we are as workers. Quite often the work of
the labour movement--our work--has only been tolerated and this has created
feelings of suspicion contrary to the aims and spirit of our founding fathers
of this nation."

The ZCTU chief dismissed notions from some political circles that without
UNIP, the labour movement could not exist and recounted the role trade unions
played during the struggle for independence and before.

The role the ZCTU was playing in the country's political and economic develop-
ment was often defended by President Kaunda "silently but sometimes loudly."

The ACTU would continue giving credit where it was due and condemnation
where this was called for as its stand was founded on political ideals just
like any government set up.

He praised Party objectives enunciated by its founding fathers who included
President Kaunda, which he said, should forever be the guiding light of the
nation.

84



BAVARIAN PARTY REPORTEDLY CONDUCTS OWN ‘FOREIGN POLICY* 7
Hamburg DER SPINGEL in German No 16,16 Apr 84 pp 105, 107, 110, 112, 124
[Unattributed articles "Do You Need Any Money, Sigi 2")

[Text] All roads lead to Gbadolite, a village hidden in the jungles of in-
accessible northeastern Zaire, on the border to the Central African Repub-
lic. Zaire's capital of Kinshasa is 1,600 kilometers away. Foreigners want-
ing to do business in Zaire as well as diplomats and official visitors
wishing to be in the president's good graces will accept the onerous trip
into the bush as a kind of duty to be fulfilled,

Gbadolite is synonymous with Mobutu and Mobutu, in turn, is synonymous with
Zaire,

The president's family comes from this region. In the early seventies,
Mobutu Sese Seko gave orders to develop the humble village of his fore-
fathers into a kind of monument.

Guests are housed at the Nzekele Motel, Like almost everything here, the
fancy motel, too, belongs to the head of state. Sitting in the red plush
bar of the motel sipping the low-alcohol, mellow Katanga beer, one of
the official visitors was reminded of a statement by Franz Josef Strauss
which has since been passed on to European visitors as a kind of watchword.
There ought to be "one hundred Gbadolites" all over Africa, Strauss said.

That was back in 1977. At the time, Mobutu was on his way to a meeting with
his general staff because still another uprising was place in the
copper province of Shaba. Mobutu was greatly pleased with Strauss'] state-
ment. He is virtually infatuated with Gbadolite.

Even by European standards, the 750-acre Nganza farm is a model operation.
Only the animals are not happy in spite of their air-conditioned stables.
The stud bull, named Victor, had to be hosed down every noon before going
into action but became weak and listless shortly thereafter, Since then,
the farm has turned to artificial insemination. The Swiss Simmental cows,
which are fed precious maize and blended grass, are none too happy, either,
Back home in Switzerland, they provide 25 liters of milk every day; but
here they produce just about 8 liters.

71



Zimbabwe Situation on Anniversary
Capetown DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 16 Apr 84 p 8
[Editorial: "Zimbabwe Four Years Later"]

[Text] This week will mark the fourth anniversary of the independence of
Zimbabwe under Robert Mugabe's administration. They have been 4 years in
which the flame of hope for a stable nation at first burned high, but in
which that hope later was increasingly smothered.

It cannot be denied that Zimbabew has had to cope with enormous problems. The
drought, which has been responsible for so much misery in Southern Africa,

has also spread its desolation there, and the ever continuing emigration of
whites has deprived the country of a valuable potential for development.

The foreign debt has doubled to 2.61 billion rands since 1980.

Still, the most depressing feature remains the alleged massacre of Matebeles--
a tribal group which indicated in the 1980 election that it did not particu-
larly care for Mr Mugabe. The Premier will visit Matabeleland for the first
time this week in order to apprise himself of the facts; a visit that should
rightfully have been made long ago.

As great as our concern may be about what is happening in a neighboring country,
it is still necessary to maintain perspective.

The fact is that Mr Mugabe has been under enormous pressure by his own people
to bring about heaven on earth. However, they have yet to see the slightest
trace of this. In that regard the Premier of Zimbabwe has shown himself to be
a remarkably pragmatic statesman. Except for a few well-known episodes, whites
are not being subjected to measures of revenge and Mr Mugabe's attitude toward
South Africa also shows evidence of realism: he has, for example, never
allowed the ANC to use Zimbabwean territory against South Africa.

A simplistic view of the past 4 years is therefore inappropriate. Zimbabwe

is not a "model of reconciliation" as is sometimes claimed, but even less is
it an utter failure. And if the relations between South Africa and its
northern neighbor can be further improved in the light of the new dispensation
for the sub-continent, South Africa influence can still perhaps help resolve
Zimbabwe's problems also.

Botha Visit to FRG
Bloemfontein DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 12 Apr 84 p 12
{Editorial: "A Fine Testimonial"]

[Text] All the forces at work over the years, that have scored reasonable
successes in developing a girdle of isolation around South Africa, are redoubl-
ing and intensifying their efforts to keep this girdle from breaking. This is
particularly evident in the mixed successes scored now and then in the sports
domain.

56


ANGOLA

FORESTRY COOPERATION WITH CUBA
Lumber Exports
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 25 Apr 84 p 2

[Text] Some 11,656,875 cubic meters of wood logs, valued at $247,684 (about
7.5 million kwanzas), were sold to Cuba by the "Emadeira 17 Septembro" Forestry
Exploitation Company between October 1983 and February 1984, the Angolan news
agency ANGOP learned from a official source.

According to the source, the exports were 10,000 cubic meters over the quota
initially establshed. In addition, the company, which has been working since
September 1983 in Buco Zau Municipio [Cabinda Province], supplied about
2,000,361 cubic meters to various production units in the province.

The source noted that the lumber was sold in the form of logs because the company's
saw mills are completely out of operation for want of spare parts.

Second Shipment
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 26 Apr 84 p 3

[Text] Havana--A second shipment of lumber from Angola recently arrived at the
port of Nuevitas, Camaguey Province, in Cuba.

The shipment is the result of a joint effort carried out on Angolan territory
by a group of Cuban forest workers, and it increased the amount of lumber imported
by Cuba from Angola by 7.278 cubic meters. Another shipment was also received

at the port of Santiago de Cuba, close to Banem, in the western zone.

Jaime Gonzalez, technical advisor from the Cuban Ministry of Agriculture, explained
that the program is part of a Cuban-Angolan cooperation project. He added that
the forestry operations are being conducted in Angola because Cuba has a shortage
of lumber and Angola has virgin forests.

6362
CSO: 3442/360



done by the Dragages-Congo Company, who had 24 months to build
both bridges, or 14 months for the N'Keni bridge.

National 2, which runs for 800 km; must traverse - eight major
waterways , which required planning and building bridges over all
of them so as to achieve a smooth and expeditious flow of traffic,
with no sidetracks and no detours -- and no more flooding and no
more washouts. For the record, the bridges are the Lefini bridge
at Bouambe, the N'Keni bridge at Gamboma, the Como at Tsokia, the
Alima at OYO, the Kouyou at Owando, the Likouala at Makoua, the
Mambili at Yengo, and the Lengoue at Liouesso.

Motorists driving on RN2, noted Comrade Moundele-Ngollo, have
always been open to an awful letdown when, after a long and bumpy
ride, they wind up looking out over a flood that prevents their
going anywhere but back. That disappointment can be even keener
when the cable-ferry is on the far side of the water or when se-
veral cars are ahead of them in line, not to mention the chance
that a drunken or just plain ornery cableman decides to let you
spend the night on the other side of the river at the mercy of

the mosquitos! This bridge over the N'keni, though, is important .
to more people than our own, the speaker continued. As part of
the Decade of Transport proclaimed by the economic commission of
the United Nations, a number of African countries, including Congo,
have joined together in an institution known as the Transafrican
Highway Authority (ARTA). One of its goals is to build a highway
from Lagos in Nigeria to Mombasa in Kenya, crossing Cameroon,

the CAR, Zaire, and Uganda. The countries associated with this
project,though + not directly traversed by the highway, such as
Congo, are pledged to provide access routes as recommended by
ARTA, and to keep a close eye on the construction work. Our
country is to tie in to the Lagos-Mombasa route via RN 2 (Brazza-
ville-Ouesso-Bomassa-Nola) along which stands the N'keni bridge

at Gambomo. We should also bear in mind that at the last ARTA
meeting, held on 9 to 13 January 1984 at Addis Ababa in Ethio-
pia, this organization, after sending several inspection missions
into the member and associate countries, reported that Congo had
already performed 60 percent of the work it is pledged to do under
its commitment, and extended its congratulations to our country.

Cost and Design of the N'keni Bridge

So, under contract 004, Congo and the French-owned Dragages En-
gineering company sat down together to spell out all the modes

of utilization involved in building a bridge over the Alima at

Oyo and another over the N'keni at Gamboma, with a joint financ-—
ing package of 2,550,206,130 CFA francs to begin with. That sum
was split three ways: 1,303,469,285 francs for the Alima bridge,
1,137,136,845 for the one over the N'keni, and a contingency fund
of 109.600 million francs to cover unexpected circumstances and miscel-
laneous services. When the work was completed, the total cost of
construction for these two bridges came to 3,771 billion francs.

27



UPPER VOLTA

RELATIONS WITH ALGERIA, SDAR, MAURITANIA DISCUSSED
Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French No 824, 30 Mar 84 pp 9, 12
[Article by Clement Tapsoba]

[Text] The recent trip by our comrade president to Algeria, the SDAR (Saharan
Democratic Arab Republic), and Mauritania was guided by three basic aims which
the National Council of the Revolution [CNR] has pursued consistently since it
came to power on 4 August: to reactivate South-South cooperation, to harmonize
our viewpoints with those of friendly countries, and progressive countries in
particular, as regards certain African and international problems (notably in
connection with the SDAR), and, lastly, to restore dynamism to Upper Voltan
diplomacy by giving concrete expression to our revolutionary thinking.

In the case of Chadli Bendjedid's Algeria, in which Upper Volta has found an
ally since the August revolution, it was logical that the chairman of the CNR
should make an official visit to that country to express his gratitude and the
respect of the Upper Voltan people to the Algerian people. It is well to re-
call the privileged relations our country enjoys with Algeria. The many Al-
gerian missions to Upper Volta and the appointment as ambassador to our country
of Nourredine Harbi, member of the FLN Central Committee, are sufficiently
eloquent in that respect. The results of the work by the Algerian-Upper Voltan
Joint Commission on Cooperation, which met in our country from 27 to 29 March,
and the conclusions reached by the two parties at the end of comrade Sankara's
visit to Algeria further testify to those privileged ties. In the field of
health, for example, Upper Volta has received from Algeria 10 tons of medicines
produced by Algerian units.

The possibilities for cooperation in the exchange of experiences in the medical
and paramedical fields will be exploited. Until recently, Upper Volta was
spending about 800 million [CFA francs] annually to send people abroad--to
France in particular-~for medical treatment. So it is now a question of di-
versifying.

In the field of transportation, the two countries should put.the finishing

touches on exchanges between Air Volta and Air Algeria by next month. There
are also plans for trade in products of possible interest to each of the two
countries through use of the Point Air Boeing 707 operated by the Hirondelle
Company. In addition, Algeria is going to enable our country to acquire six

63



that the Moroccan press as a whole should be agitated by the announcement of
the comrade chairman's visit to the SDAR and that it should try to create a
diversion, Claiming, for instance--as the Moroccan press did--that Captain
Sankara met with mercenaries in Tindouf (in Algeria) or that he was taken to

a desert region in Algeria or Mauritania confirms the blindness of the Moroccan
regime with respect to the struggle by the Saharan people. That diversion can-
not deceive peoples attached to peace or, even less, the Upper Voltans. In any
case, the Upper Voltan delegation's visit to the SDAR undoubtedly made it pos-
sible to grasp the true extent of the Saharan people's determination to liberate
all their territory and thwart the Moroccan Army, which is supported by imperi-
alism. The 40 or so Moroccan prisoners and the display of weapons captured
from enemy troops that were exhibited to the Upper Voltan delegation bear wit-
ness, if any is needed, to the victories won with difficulty by the militant
people of the SDAR.

The visit by the comrade chairman of the CNR to Mauritania was special in nature.
While it, too, was intended to strengthen our relations with a friendly country
which, moreover, upholds the same viewpoints as ours concerning the conflict
in the Western Sahara (the Islamic Republic of Mauritania recognized the SDAR
last 27 February), the visit also made possible a discussion of certain prob-
lems common to both Mauritania and Upper Volta. Our two countries are expe-
riencing the scourge of drought together and belong to such subregional organi-
zations as the CEAO and ECOWAS, in both of which a concerted development policy
is desired. And it was within that framework that at the conclusion of our
comrade chairman's visit, Upper Volta and Mauritania agreed to combine their
efforts to combat the scourge of drought. Concerning the subregional organiza-
tions in particular, however, it is imperative to strengthen their democratic
operation so that they will play their role suitably and with strict respect
for their members. That idea was brought out in the final communique. The
scandal in Niamey during the last CEAO summit meeting testifies most eloquently
to the attempts to enfeoff those organizations.

Following the overtures to Mali, Togo, Niger, Benin, and Ghana~-immediate
neighbors with whom our country has strengthened its relations and proven to
the world since 4 August that "the Upper Voltan revolution is not directed
against any state or against any people," comrade Sankara's trip to Algeria,
the SDAR, and Mauritania constitutes one more overture to be credited to the
CNR: an overture to the Greater North Sahara. Even more, and indisputably,
the trip in question is a diplomatic success for Upper Volta and one whose most
salient feature remains the chief of state's stop in the SDAR, thanks to which
one can now speak of an axis between Ouagadougou, Nouakchott, and Algiers.

In any case, there is every reason to predict that the next OAU summit meeting
will be jeopardized as long as the SDAR does not have a seat as a member recog-
nized by most of the states.

Lastly, this trip should be a lesson to those who have still not understood
anything about the irreversible course of history.

11798
cso: 3419/581 65



UPPER VOLTA

SECOND CSV SPECIAL CONGRESS PROCEEDINGS REVIEWED
Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French No 825, 6 Apr 84 p 15
{Article by Jean-Paul Konseibo]

[Text] After the meeting last 18 December, at which the doubts concerning a
degree of opposition between the CSV [Upper Voltan Trade Union Confederation]
and the CDR's [Committees for the Defense of the Revolution] performing their
duties were removed, the CSV's second special congress, held from 28 March to
1 April in Ouagadougou, has confirmed that there is indeed a honeymoon between
that union and the revolution of 4 August.

The National Council of the Revolution [CNR] and its government were amply rep-
resented at both the opening and the closing of the congress. The speech de-
livered at the opening of the congress by the minister of labor, social secu-
rity, and civil service and that delivered by the national secretary general of
CDR's at its closing clearly revealed the policy of the outstretched hand that
the revolutionary government intends to pursue with the democratic and anti-
imperialist organizations that conforming labor unions are.

It was within that context--one particularly favorable to the revolutionary
union movement--that the CSV's members were invited to reflect on the follow-
ing topics: a summing up of the organization's situation since the fourth spe-
cial congress of 1980; an analysis of political developments in our country as
affected in particular by the coming of the revolution; a definition, within
that new political context, of the CSV's position, role, and tasks; and, lastly,
a recovery of dynamism within the union confederation so as to make it equal to
its historic responsibilities.

In analyzing the current political context, Soumane Toure, secretary general
of the CSV, said that the revolution must reserve an important place for anti-
imperialist union organizations such as the CSV. That desire, incidentally,
reflected the message on one of the many streamers waving inside the workers'
education center, where the conference was being held: "A revolution without a
conforming union movement is doomed to failure." The CSV's members, convinced
that their union has contributed greatly to the maturing of the revolutionary
situation, are demanding their place in the revolutionary process and in the
pbuilding of the new society. It is a legitimate demand and one that the CNR
is not trying to evade. On the contrary. While certain decisions affecting

66



Our cities still suffer from the uncontrolled cutting of fruit trees and ornament-
al plants several decades ago. These trees and plants "were destroyed out of ig-
norance by those who cut them down, without realizing the usefulness of these liv~
ing organisms." The minister emphasized: "We have a population of 1.5 million
people. If everyone could plant a tree, we would have 1.5 million new trees per
year. This is not much, considering the extent of our national territory. There
is no reason to fear that the Congo will become entirely green tomorrow," quite

to the contrary.

Commenting then on the draft laws approved by the cabinet concerning waters and
forests, the minister explained that these draft laws are intended: "To provide
more effective control of the patrimony of our forests," through new legislation
codifying the regulations for the exploitation of our forestry resources. He
criticized the attitude of those who, in the search for valuable essences much in
demand on the world market, also cut down trees for which there is little or no
demand, a situation which leads to the destruction of our environment. He de-
clared: "We have therefore taken into account the overall situation in our coun-
try in approving all of these draft laws, so that everyone will join as one per-
son in the protection of nature, the forests, and the trees."

Wood Pulp: Pillar of the Economy After Petroleum

Explaining the need for a wood pulp factory, the minister of water and forests
first of all emphasized that this project constitutes "the best use of recent
techniques developed for the growth of large-scale eucalyptus plantations." This
is because these plantations will create a larger number of jobs and will be a
sure source of profits. These plantations will constitute one of the great pil-
lars of the economy, after petroleum.

Then, with figures at hand, the minister set out the advantages of this project.
When it is fully operating, this factory will have an annual business turnover of
from 75 to 80 billion CFA francs, which will bring in a considerable amount of
foreign exchange, improve our balance of payments, and help our international
trade balance. Furthermore, these plantations will employ 2,500 workers and will
support 2,500 families directly concerned with the project. According to present
estimates, this means (on the basis of six persons to a family) that the factory
will help to support 10,000 people at Pointe-Noire.

The eucalyptus tree plantations are also factories in the sense that they will
lead to the establishment of a certain number of other, related factories (chemi-
cal factory), while allowing our country to obtain new technology in the heavy
industry field (like the National Petroleum Refinery). In this way this project
will make it possible for our country to diversify its receipts from the exploita-
tion of its natural resources, which up to now have been provided principally by
petroleum, which is not a renewable resource.

This leads to its high cost, mentioned by Comrade Denis Sassou-Nguesso, the presi-
dent of the Central Committee of the party, who said that it would come to 250
billion CFA francs. However, we should not become concerned about these figures,
the minister said. This is because, "For a project of this kind, with the econo-
my playing its role, the cost of the investment in terms of the money brought in
by the product, as well as the cost price, would be much less for a large factory

24



All the foundation could say was that close to the mission is one of the
biggest ivory and malachite markets in all of Black Africa. Someone who
accompanied him there recalls that Lengl spent "thousands of zaires" at
the market.

Tengl, who helped Mandungu bring in used buses from the FRG for the Mu-
hammed Ali-George Forman fight in 1974, finds nothing wrong with traveling
through the bush at Zairian expense—preferably on the president's river
yacht. It is perfect for fishing and Mobutu's Chinese cook has a special
recipe for preparing a tasty dish of captain fish.

His close ties to the Zairian power elite hare prompted Lengl to engage in
daring escapades on occasion. In the early eighties, shortly after Man-
dungu was transferred to Shaba province, Lengl came flying down from
Munich for the express purpose of trying to convince Mobutu in a private
conversation to keep Mandungu in Kinshasa. "We have to make it clear to
Mobutu that the man should stay in the capital," Leng] said.

It took a lot of doing to keep Lengl from broaching the subject with Mobutu.
African statesmen, Lengl was told by insiders, are extremely sensitive’ to
interference in their internal affairs by whites. Under the circumstances,
engl limited himself to a moncommittal conversation with the president
and his trip, like many a previous one, turned out to have been of no

use whatsoever.

On another occasion, Lengl drew attention to himself at a gathering of
VIP's, including the then FRG ambassador Werner Schattmann, by proclaiming
that Mandungu was a likely successor to Mobutu. The embarassed Bonn diplo-
mats kept silentr-in full awareness of the fact that anyone whose name is
as much as idly mentioned—-as Mandungu's was in this case-—-as a possible
successor to Mobutu lives dangerously. Former Foreign Minister Nguza Karl
i Bond, for example, whose name had also been mentioned was barely able

to escape Mobutu's wrath by fleeing the country in 1981.

The Seidel Foundation group makes up for its lack of sensitivity by a showy
life style. Gerhart Leicht, a senior civil servant in the Bavarian govern-
ment and at present the foundation representative in Kinshasa, has him-
self driven through the capital in a golden brown BMW flown in from South
Africa, The foundation motor pool also includes an air-conditioned Merce-
des land rover. : :

There are even some Seidel Foundation officials who feel that the mission
which relies on government funds almost exclusively is spending too mech
money. The 1980 annual report listed the complaint of one employee about
the wage scales of the organization. Local employees, the report said,

are paid only about one-tenth of what the German staff gets, The founda~
tion representative in Kinshasa is paid almost as much as the ambassador.
In 1982, the planning ministry budget called for IM 174,461.36 to be paid
to the Bavarian adviser alone—tax free and not including moving and vaca~
tion expenses.

76



ANGOLA

CUBAN UNIVERSITIES ADMIT ISLE OF YOUTH GRADUATES
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 19 Apr 84 p 3

[Text] Lisbon--Over 30 Angolan students in Cuba will enter the University of
Cuba this year after completing intermediate courses on the Isle of Youth, the
Angolan news agency ANGOP learned today in Lisbon from Joao Felipe Martins,
vice minister of education for higher learning.

(Martins], dean of the University of Angola, made an official visit to Cuba

from 6 to 14 April. He explained that some of these young people, who are from the
first group of Angolan pioneers to go to the Isle of Youth, will study to be
teachers.

Part of the next group of 100 students, who will enter the university in 1985,
will also specialize in education so that, as the vice minister explained, in
the near future Angola will be able to get along without teaching cooperants.

"We are giving priority to the agricultural sciences, the basis for the develop-
ment" of Angola, he added. He explained, however,that there are other options
for the students, with whom he had an opportunity to meet during his visit.

At the end of his working visit to Cuba, an agreement was signed between the
two countries providing for exchange between university professors, the accep-
tance of Angolan graduates for advanced courses in Cuba and Cuban grants for
Angolan post-graduate students,

According to Joao Felipe Martins, the visit to Cuba “was a success." The minister
led a delegation which included Eng Homero Leitao, Eng Fernando Girao and

Dr Eduardo Santos, directors, respectively, of the faculties of Engineering,
Agricultural Sciences and Medicine.

Jose Felipe Martins said that Cuba, with which Angola has extensive cooperation
in the education field, has achieved various successes in this area and that
the Cuban authorities would like all Cuban citizens to have access to higher
education.

To illustrate the progress in Cuba's higher eduction, the Angolan vice minister
of education notef that in 1978 there were 15,000 students at this level and
there are 220,000 in 1984,

The dean, who will arrive in Luanda on Thursday after his stop in Lisbon,
noted that the institutions which he visited were in the fields of technology,
medicine and the agricultural sciences.

6362 1
CSO: 3442/360



ZAMBIA

Briefs

ZIMBABWE

Briefs

President's Attack on Inefficiency Backed
(Editorial; TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 3 May 84).......4.

Drop in Employment Reported
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 27 Apr 84)......ccccececececes

Lessons To Be Derived From Elections Discussed
(Editorial; TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 30 Apr 84)......seee0-

Deliver Goods to the People, Chiluba Urges
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 3 May 84)....cccececcecceccececcecceceecs

Review of College Training Programs Expected
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 27 Apr 84).......ceeee

State Farms’ Output

Palm Oil Plant
Rival Unions Merge

79

81

82

84

86

89

90



and Supplies have been creating and multiplying revenue stations in an
anarchic way, resulting in arbitrary taxation and evasion. In addition to the
extortions from the people, this harmful behavior by the soldiers has
contributed to cutting the soldiers off from the masses. Mr Routouang
recognized that the extortions are real, but are committed by elements that do
not seem to desire success for the Chad Northern Armed Forces (FANT). The
defense minister did not stop at that. He noted that certain administrative
authorities bear a considerable share of responsibility in this situation. Mr
Routouang stated that the majority of the administrative authorities have been
accomplices, directly, indirectly or tacitly, in the harmful practices that
they themselves continue to condemn. He explained that some administrators,
on the pretext of possible threat to their security from the fighters, keep
quiet about all the harmful actions committed in their districts and, what is
more, even deliberately cover them up.

During the debate, prefects raised a number of problems that they considered
important. It was their view that the soldiers should pay more serious
attention to protection of residences in the prefecture. Some said they had
been harassed by soldiers coming to demand food and PGA's [expansion unknown].
Even if some prefects are making such payments to the soldiers for
humanitarian reasons, the administrators believe that the Ministry of Defense
should take up the problem. Thus, they called on the military leaders to
establish an administrative structure sufficient to free the prefects from
problems relating solely to military supply, even if the demands of the time
do not yet permit leaving management of the army entirely to the army. .

After this discussion, the Chad prefects turned to the economy. In this
connection, the administrators particularly drew the attention of the ministry
concerned to the almost endemic shortage of national products in the
provinces. The prefects failed to understand why there are problems in supply
of sugar, CotonTchad oil, and locally produced soap. Thus, they called on the
economy ministry and the companies concerned to open branches in a number of
towns in the north and east. The prefects were annoyed that locally companies
evade the prefectural authority and even that of the concerned ministry.

Some, such as CotonTchad, are wrongly or rightly treated as a state within a
state. This the assistant secretary general of the government opposes. Thee
problem of CotonTchad is only one of control, he said. Officials of the
companies also spoke to explain to the prefects that SONASUT and CotonTchad
are both production enterprises. The fact that today they feel the need to
get into distribution is because the marketing companies such as the French
Company of West Africa (CFAO) and the National Construction Company (SONACOT)
are not operating. Hence, they should be judged very liberally. However, the
prefects did not look at it that way. The companies in the area should make
what they produce available to our towns, because, the prefects said, it is
inconceivable for us to be protecting them while they refuse to help us. Ali
Djalbor, defending his companies, explained that if the national products do
not fully meet the needs of our towns it is because the local companies have
not yet reached full production rate. To this must be added the rather
irresponsible attitude of high-ranking political individuals who intervene
with the companies to get priority service.

13



ANGOLA

ODP DEFENSE RESERVE BRIGADE TAKES OATH

Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 25 Apr 84 p 2

[Excerpt] Kundi Payama, chairman of the regional military council of the Seventh
Region and alternate member of the Political Bureau of the MPLA~Labor Party

Central Committee, presided over the oath of allegiance by the First Reserve
Battalion of the ODP [People's Defense Organization], formed by workers at

Africa Textil, FTRACI and the Ministry of Agriculture, in a ceremony on the
afternoon of Saturday, 15 [portion of text missing]...in defense of the revolution,
particularly of our late beloved president and Immortal Guide, Dr Antonio
Agostinho Neto, followed by an address by Hamilton Adalberto Lopes, the director
of the course, who spoke briefly,

Addressing the closing session, Kundy Payama began by praising the selfless
spirit and sacrifice that characterized the instructors, who conducted the course
despite countless difficulties, and he also praised the good will and the active
participation of the students; he described this course as one of the best con-
ducted to date in the province.

At another point, he stressed that among the measu res to be taken immediately

by the Regional Military Council, the ODP Provincial Command will be dissolved
and the organization will be directly subordinated to the Subcommand of the Seventh
Region. The reason for the decision was that little or no action was being

taken by that command.

Noting that "we absolutely cannot permit the installation and concentration
of UNITA bases here in our province," he said it was pertinent that, because
of the confidence placed in it, the newly formed battalion would work closely
with the Regional Military Council to eliminate the UNITA puppet bands.

In conclusion, Payama urged the members of the Party Provincial Committee, the
military and the people in general to take military training, whatever their
age, because, with proper military training, an older person can turn into a
vigorous young person, capable of defending the people, his children, and our
threatened country.

6362
CSO: 3442/360



Deplored

Mr Chiluba deplored what he termed as too much political melodrama in the sys~
tem and added that the ZCTU's respect and love for workers was deep rooted.

"We quickly request the Government to remove inflation from our society which
has forced those who used to have breakfast to do without and cut three full
meals from some families," Mr Chiluba said.

Prices should be sliced to enable workers to afford "at least one full meal
before they retire."

He defended what in some circles was considered as heavy drinking and said
this was caused by strains and stresses of the country's economic life on
workers "which compels them to retire to the bottle."

He extolled the President's Citizenship College for the knowledge it imparted
to workers who went through its doors and added that because of that knowledge,
the workers were no longer ready to accept "half measures."

Chairman of the Fredrich Ebert Foundation which runs the institution in
partnership with the Party, Mr Heinz Kuehn announced that the foundation had
offered new and modern equipment to the college as a gift for its "birthday."

Mr Kuehn did not say what type of equipment it was but assured college authori-
ties and Dr Kaunda that the goods should arrive soon.

He hailed President Kaunda for his good leadership and described him as
leader of the "new African." He hoped the college's work would be more

fruitful and peaceful in the next decade "so that Zambia's philosophy of
Humanism can flourish for the benefit of mankind."

CSO: 3400/963

85



Blending the most diverse interests is a specialty of the foundation and
its officials. The Seidel Foundation therefore views it as one of its
missions to provide a strong boost to the Bavarian economy. But in Zaire
they still have a long way to go.

Though he has made all sorts of promises and established contacts, Lengl
has not succeeded in luring the Rosenheim meat producer Josef Maerz, who
has set up a sausage factory in Togo, to Zaire. Maerz feels the economic
situation in Zaire is too uncertain, Nor has the German Airbus Co, on
whose board Franz Josef Strauss has a seat, succeeded in selling any of
its aircraft to "Air Zaire."

But the change of government in Bonn has increased the opportunities for
new projects. Funds are flowing more freely to Zaire once again now that
the BMZ under Juergen Warnke has passed into the CSU's hands. Thus far,
the FRG has male DIM 700 million available to ailing Zaire. These funds were
used to build roads and bridges, to modernize railroad lines and river
shipping and to support Kinshasa's public transportation system.

Warnke's state secretary Lengl, of course, is more inclined to sing the
praises (along the lines of Bavaria ueber alles) of the development pro-
jects operated by the Hanns Seidel Foundation. When a Zairian TV team
interviewed Lengl last December regarding FRG development aid, he proudly
listed all the achievements of his erstwhile employer [the foundation].
but could think of no examples of the much more far-reaching government~
sponsored assistance programs. Gernot Kattinger, the foundation represen-
tative in faraway Togo, had been flown to Bonn to act as the undersecre-
tary's "official interpreter."

But despite his great love for his Bavarian homeland Lengl was as yet un-

willing to discuss the newest project which Mobutu has urged on the Bavar=
ians: a brewery to be set up in Ghadolite,.

9478
CSO: 3420/25

78


ZAMBIA

DROP IN EMPLOYMENT REPORTED
Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 27 Apr 84 p 4

[Text] Some 363,800 Zambians and non-Zambians excluding domestic servants
were in employment in June 1983, representing a drop of nearly 4,000 com-
pared to the previous year.

The information in the monthly digest of statistics released by the Central
Statistical Office shows that jobs for Zambians shrank from 358,050 to
348,270 during the year.

While the expatriate labour force diminished from.17,460 to 15,530. The report
shows that the community, social and personal services sector employed the
largest number of workers at 105,930 followed by mining and quarrying at
58,000.

Another high employing sector was manufacturing at 48,000 followed by agri-
culture, forestry and fisheries at 35,200.

Figures for domestic servants compiled by the Zambia National Provident Fund
stood at 45,760 while distribution, restaurants and hotels had about 30,000
workers and finance, insurance, real estate and business services at just
over 22,000.

Since 1981 when the total number of employees stood at 373,720 the report
shows about 10,000 job opportunities were lost.

According to the Southern Africa Team for Employment-Promotion (SATEP)
Zambia's unemployment figures are rated highest in the region.

In a report made after studying the unemployment situation in Zambia, Zimbabwe,
Botswana, Swaziland and Lesotho, SATEP observed: "The situation is particular-
ly bad in Zambia where it is estimated that the number of unemployed and under-
employed exceeded one million in 1981."

The organisation forecast that unemployment and underemployment in Zambia would
rise to 1.3 million in 1985 and shoot to 2.6 million by the year 2000.

"Their number is to grow much larger in future years since the annual net addi-
tions to the labour force are much larger than the additional employment
generated annually."

cso: 3400/963 81



CONGO

BELGIAN ECONOMIC MISSION VISITS BRAZZAVILLE
Brazzaville MWETI in French 3 Apr 84 p 3
[Article by Felix Ipossi]

[Text] The Belgian economic mission which arrived in the capi-
tal last Saturday is slated to wind up its stay here today.
Private conversations, meetings to establish contacts, and cour~
tesy calls on cabinet ministers were all part of these four days
in Brazzaville for the Belgian delegation headed by M. Andre
Damzeaux, minister for the Walloon Region in charge of foreign
relations.

This visit, the latest of a string of Belgian.delegations to stop
here in two years is, as Plans Minister Comrade Pierre Moussa
noted in the course of the plenary meeting yesterday (Monday) in
the tower conference room at the Plans Ministry, "is evidence

of the increasing closeness of relations between the People's
Republic of Congo and the Kingdom of Belgium." The plenary and
economic meeting was the springboard for the Walloon visit to
Congo. It provided time for an exchange of information and for
better understanding of the PRC's needs and of the capacity of
Walloon Belgian enterprise to lend a helping hand. The Plans
Minister's summary of the major options embodied in the 5-Year
Plan was cogent and laden with information. Ministry by minis—
try, sector by sector, Mr Moussa ran down the list of all pro-
jects included in the 1982-1986 Plan, providing an apercu of

the PRC's investment code which, said the minister, guarantees
protection for the interests of foreign investors here. In
short, thanks to this visit Congolese and Belgians got down to
business.

Every project in the 5-Year Plan can find a partner in the Bel-
gian delegation. "It is entirely up to us, Congolese and Bel-
gians, to grasp the historic necessity for expanding the pro-
cess already begun in strengthening relations between Congo and
Belgium," Comrade Moussa concluded. And M. Damseaux replied:
"The door is wide open now for expanding relations between Congo
and Belgium, in the light of earlier missions and of our current
talks."

19



201151
JPRS-SSA-84-063

4 June 1984

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

“hae ed ter public Teleasay |

mien United
ec Unimired

DEC QUALITY INSPEOTED

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

REPRODUCED BY
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE |

US. DEPARIMENT OF COMMERCE
SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161

46
AGT



ZAMBIA

LESSONS TO BE DERIVED FROM ELECTIONS DISCUSSED
Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 30 Apr 84 p 1

[Editorial]

[Text] There are, no doubt, several lessons to be taken from the grassroots
elections of the Party which have just ended-~and these lessons should spur
the nation to consolidate its one-party participatory democracy.

In the first place the elections have proved that there is more democracy in
a one-party system than in an election where people are elected because they
belong to this tribe, that religion or family.

From the section, branch and to the ward elections not a single Zambian has
died for his political beliefs; yet the campaigning for posts at every stage
was heavy.

Every campaigner whether a candidate or agent did his work in a peaceful
atmosphere knowing that his rival was also a Zambian with equal rights to
vote and take part in the affairs of the nation.

We agree with acting Elections and Publicity chief Fines Bulawayo that the
Party elections are a sign that UNIP has reached the stage of a real mass
organisation.

This was first shown in last October's presidential and parliamentary elec-
tions when there was so much enthusiasm among Zambians to become legislators.
In many constituencies more than fifteen candidates stood.

In the just-held voting the number of Zambians vying for councillorship por-
trayed that the one-party system is not only looking up but that it is the
sure system to sustain the country as one Zambia one nation.

A quick look at the names of people who won is enough to show that the ques-
tion of regionalism or tribalism is losing its meaning for Zambian voters are
mature to know who is. a better servant of the people not from his name but
his contribution.

However, there is a justified worry over the question of adoption (or vetting?)
of candidates. Of course council officers should not be allowed to be ward

82



Concerning conditions for students in the USSR, the cultural attache says they
are excellent. During vacations, for example, students can choose between
spending their vacations in other countries and arranging for a job. By orga-
nizing themselves by nationality, the students also have the opportunity to
participate in the meetings and cultural activities of their respective coun-

tries.

As part of the cooperation program, the USSR will continue to send teachers to
the School of Law and the Kwame N'Krumah National Lycee and to provide manuals,
teachers' literature, and teaching materials. An exchange of delegations in
the field of education between the two countries is also planned.

In another development, our students in the Soviet Union met in the city of
Kiev from 2 to 4 February of this year in the presence of our ambassador to
that country, comrade Augusto Pereira da Graca.

The delegates to that meeting, which was the third to be held by the Assembly
of the Organization of Guinea-Bissau Students (OEGB) in the USSR, discussed
the report by the outgoing committee.

At the conclusion of their work, the delegates approved two motions, one ex-

pressing confidence in the party and its secretary general and the other ex-
pressing congratulations to the JAAC [Amilcar Cabral African Youth].

11798
CSO: 3442/353

42



ENAMA PRODUCTION UNDERFULFILLMENT--The National Agricultural Mechanization
Company (ENAMA) proved incapable of completing the programs assigned to it in
Malanje Province during 1983. Carlos Jaime, a middle-level technician at
ENAMA who provided that information to ANGOP, said that "constant equipment
breakdowns, the lack of spare parts, irregular fuel supplies, torrential rains,
and the late arrival of some tractors" were the main reasons for failure to
fulfill the production plans. ENAMA had been entrusted last year with the
preparation of 2,995 hectares of sotl for the cultivation of manioc, tobacco,
and sweet potatoes in the municipalities of Cacuso and Kalandula. It completed
only 1,831 hectares. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 21 Apr 84

p 9] 11798

FISHING UNIT 1983 FIGURES--As one result of production efforts last year by the
Cuba-Angola Fishing Unit, located in the municipality of Baia Farta, a catch of
234,797 cases of miscellaneous fish--the equivalent of 6,277,535 kilograms--
was distributed to several of the country's provinces. Adding in the 129,367
kilograms of fresh fish and 85,933 kilograms of shellfish unloaded at that unit
gives us the total result of the work done by 86 workers supervised by a direc-
torate, union committee, and youth nucleus. It should be pointed out that only
17 of the workers are illiterate. Literacy work is underway at the school at
that location. To solve the problems of supply, the 420 workers at the three
units--FROPESCA, ERMANAL, and Cuba-Angola--have formed a cooperative to ensure
that they are supplied with essential items despite the inadequate supplies pro-
vided by the Ministry of Home Trade. Problems of a social nature are tremendous
and require immediate study.so that an acceptable solution will be found. [By
Corres Victor] [Excerpt] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANCOLA in Portuguese 21 Apr 84 p 9]
11798

MALANJE LUMBER MARKETING FIGURES--During the first quarter of this year, the
11 November Malange Provincial Lumber Enterprise sold 831,417 cubic meters of
lumber, consisting of 601,000 in logs and the rest in sawnwood, for total earn-
ings of 7,971,111 kwanzas. This information was supplied to ANCOP by the man-
ager of the enterprise, Sacramento Coneco. According to Sacramento Coneco, the
lack of replacement parts for the machinery as well as of technicians to oper=
ate the charcoal ovens is one of the most serious difficulties with which the
lumber enterprise is having to cope. The official said he was quite satisfied
with the activities of the two production units in the municipalities of
Massango and Cumbuti-Catembo despite the lack of machinery, which is partly
responsible for the serious bottleneck in fulfilling the plan. Concerning fu-
ture work, Sacramento Coneco said that the plans call for starting operations
in the near future at a wood processing unit in the commune of Caxito in the
municipality of Kalandula and for establishing an agroindustrial complex where
the facilities for the enterprise, a workshop, and a sawmill will be located.
[Excerpt] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 21 Apr 84 p 9] 11798

BANDITS TRIED IN KUANDO~KUBANGO--Yesterday morning, in the Court of the Sixth
Region, trial began for seven people charged with crimes against the security

of the state. The sessions are public, with 2d Lt Amilcar Sebastiao, chief
judge of the Sixth Region, presiding. The accused, Albino Chimbaia, Felisberto
Mateus Chitumba, Aspirante Nicolau Mucuca, Jose Manuel Pala, Jose Calei, Afonso
Tchamba and Bartolomeu Dala, began to be heard yesterday. Representing the
state is the acting attorney general of the republic; the accused are represented
by their attorneys. The presiding judge is assisted by two judge~advocates,

Maj Jose Joao Manuel and Antonio Vicente. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in
Portuguese 1 May 84 p 3] 6362



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

ANIMAL PRODUCTS DISTRIBUTION PROBLEMS--The animal products distribution sector
for Kwanza-Norte Province did not fulfill its annual distribution plan last
year. The plan called for the distribution of 437,760 kilograms of animal
products, but only 132,190 kilograms were distributed. Cristino Makolo, who
heads the provincial sector, told ANGOP [ANGOLAN PRESS AGENCY] that the quan-
tity of animal products distributed last year earned 13,181,365 kwanzas and that
at the end of 1983, customers owed over 1 million kwanzas to his organization,
which is attached to the Provincial Office of the Ministry of Agriculture. The
official disclosed that underfulfillment of the distribution plan was due chiefly
to the shortage of transportation for ensuring regular deliveries of the products
to the province from Luanda. He added that the same problem has also been af-
fecting fulfillment of the monthly distribution plan, which is set at 36,480
kilograms of meat. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 12 Apr 84 p 3]
11798

MILITARY DRIVING COURSE ENDED--"Soldiers who destroy army vehicles and command-
ers who do not demand accountability must be punished," said Alexandrino Silva,
deputy provincial commissioner for Benguela Province, as he closed the 10th
course for drivers of wheeled vehicles last weekend. Alexandrino Silva stressed
the importance of road transportation in the Armed Forces and asked the new
graduates to show discipline and responsibility in the performance of their
duties. The deputy commissioner condemned the irresponsibility of the many
military drivers who destroy army vehicles. He cailed such conduct an "act of
sabotage that must be combated." The school's director, 2d Lt Leandro Cardoso,
said that the basic knowledge acquired by the new graduates was not sufficient *
because, he said, they lacked the practice that would be acquired in the mili-
tary centers to which they would be assigned. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA
in Portuguese 12 Apr 84 p 3] 11798

SEAFOOD FIGURES FOR BIE--Over 350 tons of frozen fish and 743 tons of dried
fish were supplied to Bie Province during 1983 by EDIPESCA of Benguela, accord-
ing to information supplied to ANGOP by a source in the fish distribution sec-
tor. According to the same source, 11,000 tons of shellfish, 50 of sanitized
salt, and 300 kilograms of fishmeal were also supplied. The source said that
transportation difficulties had resulted in a 50-percent decrease in compari-
son with 1982, [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 21 Apr 84 p 9]
11798



SOUTH AFRICA

PRESS COMMENT ON FOREIGN POLICY TOPICS

Americans' Bomb Death
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 17 Apr 84 p 10
(Editorial: "Nowhere's Safe'']

[Text] Another bomb has exploded, and yet more civilians have died. This
refrain is so regularly heard that it ought to be clear by now that terrorists
(such as those from SWAPO and the ANC) are indiscriminately slaughtering
women, children and chance passers-by. Everyone must pay the price for an
ideology of hatred.

There is now a new dimension: diplomats, and therefore (best to preserve
source's terminology) foreigners, are dying in this struggle in South Africa
and Southwest Africa. This means that no country can nonchalantly declare:
“What terrorists do in other countries makes no difference to us, provided
they live within the law in our country." Tomorrow or the day after, citizens
of that country may themselves fall victim to terrorists, like the two Ameri-
cans who perished in Southwest Africa.

Nowhere is a person safe from this unacceptable form of warfare, and for this
reason we must make no common cause with these people, howsoever blameless it
may be and from whatsoever idealistic philosophy it arises. That this painful
truth is beginning to dawn on the Reagan Administration is clear from the
strong measures it is now formulating against terrorism.

The Oshakati incident contains a potentially extremely aggravating factor
for SWAPO: that the Americans were killed on purpose. It will have to be
interpreted as a deliberate move to hinder the peace initiatives in Southern
Africa. In fact, SWAPO would simply be living up to the image that most
people have of it--an agressor desirous of power at any cost. Will the West
now suddenly awaken?

55



Detailed reports filed by pilots with the departments concerned
(ANAC and Lina-Congo) at last precipitated action to ameliorate
the situation. The project, which called for reinforcing the
airstrip with a layer of crushed laterite an even 15 centimeters
thick meant first scraping off the old, badly deteriorated sur-
face, said chief engineer Jonas Kiaouari : this. was done by first
soaking down the surface, then spreading the new laterite, and
finally smoothing it by tamping. Then the whole strip was evened
out by a grader, and then compacted, first with a pneumatic roller
and then with a metal cylinder. All this was performed at a very
brisk pace, thanks to the non-stop schedule laid down by the ANAC
and COLAS engineers. That meant a happy ending to the job on 18
March, despite the numerous difficulties encountered (heavy rains
hampered operations, as did the distance from the home-base of
heavy equipment).

Even so, said the chief engineer emphatically, despite completion
of the initial job, it should be noted that systematic maintenance
(drains, blow-off valves, and vents) must absolutely be performed
from now on. The shortage of funds for airport (and even road)
repairs has meant that any expenditure which could be postponed
was frequently counted as saving, and provision ‘of follow-up
funds for maintenance or repairs was -- purposely or not -- ne-
glected. This is why, said the chief engineer, on jobs like this
technical solutions should always be compared, and consideration
be given to the financial consequences of more or less speedy
deterioration of the surface quality. This is particularly true
of Luobomo, he said, wherewe had a chance to see how much repair
work had been done before they called us in.

6182
CSO: 3419/636



ZAMBIA

PRESIDENT'S ATTACK ON INEFFICIENCY BACKED
Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 3 May 84 p 1
[Editorial]

[Text] "Killing the job" is the phrase that the President used on Tuesday to
describe a phenomenon which the public is quite familiar with and even used
to--inefficiency, Our fear is that this killing of jobs may very soon kill
the nation itself.

The malaise is, as pointed out in our main story, widespread and not confined
to the United Bus Company (UBZ). Virtually every parastatal is afflicted.
Zambia Airways for instance is a good example of a company that is doing
badly and probably tarnishing the image of the country.

Flights, including international ones, are habitually delayed. People miss
connections or have to wait for one for hours on end. More often than not
the airline ends up buying meals for passengers because of the delay. This
is bad business. How can.you make profits when whatever little you make is
swallowed up in unbudgeted for expenditure?

What is worse is that non-Zambians on such delayed flights do not spare the
country. No. They must make snide remarks about Zambia itself. Asked
whether he was on a delayed Nairobi-Lusaka Zambia Airways flight one man
replied: "Fortunately no, there is nothing like time in Zambia, is there?"

Such comments may seem small and could be brushed aside. But always? They
do tarnish the image of this country severely and the sooner a real and effec-
tive shake up is effected the better.

But the way we understand it, it is not just these companies to blame. Most
of them are owned by the Government and there is no way the owners can escape
criticism for this apparent lassitude.

Take Zambia Breweries for instance. Right now they too are killing the job.
Beer on which the Government depends so much for revenue is soon becoming a
commodity for the black marketeer, In fact it already is. In Lusaka only
unlicensed retailers have it in abundance. The reason for the shortages is
replacement and repair of plants, fair enough.

79



N'KENI RIVER BRIDGE OPENS TO TRAFFIC
Brazzaville MWETI in French 3 Apr 84 pp 1, 3
[Article by Christian-Sahir Tsoumou]

[Text] Col Louis Sylvain-Goma, member of the Political Bureau,
Prime Minister and Head of Government, on Saturday 31 March for-
mally opened the bridge over the N'Keni River at Gamboma. Pre-
sent for the ceremony were Comrades Benoit Moundele-Ngollo, mem-
ber of the CC of the PCT and Minister for Public Works, Construc-
tion, and Housing; Alphonse Mouissou Poaty, member of the CC of
the PCT and political commissar for the Plateaux Region; Daniel
Douniama, member of the PCT, chairman of the Party committee for
Gamboma District and District Chief, and other dignitaries.

The people who live in and around Gamboma, who came in large num-
bers to attend this ceremony, listened with close attention to the
various speeches delivered for the occasion. First to take the
floor were Comrades Daniel Douniama and Mouissou Poaty, who ex-
pressed very sincere thanks to the government officials for their
unflagging efforts to improve the living conditions of the masses
and, in so doing, to hasten the process of our economic develop-
ment. The bridge over the N'Keni, which was still a dream for
the people of Gamboma, has come true. The creaking old ferry is
only a fading memory to them now. By giving the people this
bridge, our government has once again proved by its deeds its
firm determination to pry the interior out of its isolation.
After these two speakers, Comrade Benoit Moundele-Ngollo took

the podium to give his hearers a better idea of the importance of
this undertaking.

Historical Background

The bridge over the N'Keni was begun on 19 December 1982, when
Prime Minister Louis Sylvain Goma laid the first stone. It is
part of the overall plan that includes the plan for asphalting
National Highway 2 between Brazzaville and Ouesso. The project
was approved for the 1982-1986 Plan as the main avenue of penetra-
ting and opening up most of the northern zone of our country, and
blacktopping it was assigned immediate priority. Contract 004,
covering construction of bridges on on Route 2, Alima to Oyo and
N'Keni to Gamboma, was approved on 7 January 1982. The work was

26



GUINEA-BISSAU

EMPLOYMENT, TRAINING COOPERATION WITH PORTUGAL DISCUSSED
Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 11 Apr 84 pp 4-5

[Text] Guinea-Bissau and Portugal are committed to cooperation in the fields
of employment and vocational training. As part of that cooperation, our coun-
try was visited recently by Rui Amaral, Portugal's minister of labor.

During his stay with us, the Portuguese minister held working meetings with a
delegation from our Secretariat of State for Internal Administration, Civil
Service and Labor. Our delegation was headed by comrade Joao Cruz Pinto.

The Guinea-Bissau side presented local realities and needs in the field of vo-
cational training, and the Portuguese side reported on the medium-term prospects
in that area.

It should be emphasized that Guinea-Bissau is particularly interested in the
development of human resources as part of the national development plan, spe-
cifically as regards the training of manpower at basic and intermediate levels
in the priority sectors of the national economy, the training of middle-level
cadres and supervisors, the training of managers for small and medium-sized
enterprises and cooperatives, the training of instructors, and the training of
officials and technicians in public administration.

Other topics discussed were the definition of a planning strategy in connection
with vocational training and the upgrading of human resources involved in an
information and forecasting system, a concerted plan of action in various fields
of activity, and a specific and realistic plan for intervention.

Another subject with which comrade Cruz Pinto had the opportunity to acquaint
the Portuguese minister was the current and potential importance of handicrafts
in the country's economic development. That activity is characterized basically
by its relatively low proportion of capital input--a factor of the greatest im-
portance in a policy for creating jobs--its intensive use of manpower with the
skills available in this country, its use of simple production methods ‘and high
utilization of local raw materials, and, lastly, its contribution to a strength-
ening of the cultural identity of the people of Guinea-Bissau through production
and training activities directed at Guinea-Bissau's young people.

43



than for a medium-sized or small factory, with a higher cost price and a higher
ratio between the cost of investment and the money brought in by the product.
Such a medium-sized or small factory would be less competitive than a large fac-
tory." The contribution of our country to this project would be one-third of its
_total cost, with the balance coming from the international finance market. Now,
the level of profitability of the project, which is an important indicator for
attracting the attention of foreign investors, will be an encouraging factor.

Another factor is that wood pulp based on eucalyptus wood has become a raw mater-
ial of high quality, much in demand on the world market. The minister said: "When
all of these elements are brought together, they result in the fact that we have
at Pointe-Noire an extremely interesting project. We might add to that the fact
that the raw material is produced at extremely low cost. We are the leading
country in the world in producing forestry products at the lowest cost." This is
a considerable advantage, added to the particular situation of Pointe-Noire: the
location of the plantations close to the projected wood pulp factory; the mastery
of the techniques of growing eucalyptus by the organization charged with the re-
forestation project; and the very high productivity of the tree varieties selec-
ted. This is a world "first" which our country has achieved in this area.

5170
CSO: 3419/637

25



revolutionary members have a duty to carry out scientific work at the source
to isolate opportunists and eject them from the leadership.

Perhaps the difficulties are due to the fact that in the absence of democratic
debates within the SNEAHV, it is quite difficult at the moment to demolish the
reactionary and counterrevolutionary stands being taken by the current leader-
ship.

But it is clear that every time the revolution obtains palpable proof that the
SNEAHV leadership is involved in political agitation, it will inform the peo-
ple and not hesitate to strike hard. The other activists on the board may con-
tinue the campaign of agitation following the arrest of two of their colleagues.

11798
CSO: 3419/581

62



ANGOLA

ITALIAN FIRM HELPS SONANGOL BUILD FUEL STORAGE TANKS
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 25 Apr 84 p 2
[Article by GIS]

[Text] SONANGOL [National Angolan Fuel Company] signed a contract on 19 April
for the construction of a group of 11 storage tanks for fuels and petroleum
products, to be installed in the city of Lobito.

The work will be performed by the Italian firm CTIP (Companhia Tecnica Inter-
nazionale Progetti SPA), a company with great experience in designing and building
refineries and industrial plants, which operates in several countries. The project
also includes construction of administrative and service buildings on a 100,500-
square meter area near the Lobito Cement Factory. The civil construction is

the responsibility of Astaldi,an Italian firm which has performed other construc-
tion work for SONANGOL.

The project to build these storage tanks arose of the need to offset the damage
and losses resulting from the act of sabotage committed in Lobito in August
1980, when the storage capacity of the Lobito-1 (formerly FINA) Terminal was
destroyed, thus overtaxing the few undamaged storage facilities and hampering
the distribution of these products to the interior of Benguela Province and,

in general, to the entire region served by the Benguela Railroad, which, as

is known, connects with Zaire in its mining province of Shaba.

Hence the project will not only solve the problem of the fuel distribution in

the interior of the country, with obvious benefits for agriculture, which is

one of the great riches to be developed in the Central Plain, but also the problem
of supplying commercial freighters and, more important, the fishing fleet, making
it possible to fish in Angola's southern waters, which has not been possible

up to now because of refueling problems.

The project is entirely financed by the Italian Government, through the Italian-
Angolan Joint Commission. Italy's policy of providing financial aid to develop-
ing countries is directed primarily at projects of a social nature and various
infrastructures. The work will begin as soon as the financing is worked out.

The Angolan Government and particularly SONANGOL are following the development
of this project with great interest, because it will undoubtedly stimulate the
socioeconomic development of the central easten region by providing a regular
supply of fuel and petroleum products to the area.

6362
CSO: 3342/360 2



Moreover, the limited demand for electricity from 1979 to 1982 (although it has
substantially increased) may be explained by the presence of a thermal electricity
generator in Pointe-Noire.

The capacity of this diesel-powered generator has turned out to be insufficient
for the needs of Pointe-Noire for two reasons: the extravagant cost of the fuel
necessary for the operation of this thermal generator, leaving aside the cost of
operations and maintenance, became too heavy to bear. Furthermore, it was neces-
sary, periodically and on a scheduled basis, to shut off a substantial number of
consumers of electricity, In such cases priority was generally given to providing
electricity to hospitals, factories, and certain strategic points in the city.

Evidently, and despite the distribution of electricity from the Moukoukoulou Dam

‘ to the Bouenza, Niari, and Pointe-Noire areas, and including serving the 225 kv
very high tension line from Mongo-Camba to Ngoyo-Nteno, the Moukoukoulou Dam is
not using even half of its annual productive capacity (497 million kwh).

During its first year in operation the Moukoukoulou Dam produced 17,364,000 kwh.

In 1982 the production rose to 88,672,000 kwh. With the inauguration of electric
service to Pointe-Noire in 1983, the hydroelectric station is producing at an an-
nual rate of around 148 million kwh.

Moukoukoulou Could Supply the Southern Congo Without Any Difficulty

In reality, the Moukoukoulou hydroelectric station is only partly in operation.
This is because the Chinese specialists at the dam have preferred to operate only
two of the four turbines installed there. The two other turbines are in reserve,
not only for purely technical reasons, but also because there is no strong demand
for electricity.

Roger Gando, the engineer-electrician and chief of the hydroelectric station, told
us that the Moukoukoulou Dam has enough capacity to meet the present demand and
even more. We know that the average annual productive capacity of the Moukoukou-
lou Dam is 497 million kwh. The 148 million kwh now being used amounts to about
half of the annual demand for electricity. The potential of this hydroelectric
generator is therefore very substantial, in view of its real productive capacity.
This will be even more the case when a connecting line with the Lefini: Dam is com-
pleted.

However, many areas are already being served by the Moukoukoulou Dam. A 110 kv
line is supplying electricity to Loutete, Madingou, and Bouansa. The next to be
served will be Mfouari. Moukoukoulou is providing electricity to Nkayi in pro-
duction units Suco 1, Suco 2, Mab, and Huilka. At Loudima two transformers send
the electricity on to Loubomo.

It should be noted that at Loudima the electricity is stepped up to cross the
Mayombe forest barrier, increasing from 110 to 225 kv. Of course, this is a very
high tension line.

16



But when did the need for this arise? It was years back. One former general
manager said clearly that the Government was grabbing too much money from the
company, so much that it couldn't afford spares and replacement of the aged
plant. Nobody paid heed--at least not practically.

We agree entirely that the job is being killed in many instances. But then
this is not entirely the fault of managements. The decisionmaking process,
and in many cases the Government is the decisionmaker, is far too slow for

business purposes. Decisions should be taken more promptly than is the case

at present.

Unless the parastatals can start delivering the goods, the casualties will be
politicians.

csO: 3400/963

80



He recognizes they are insufficient to rehabilitate the teaching function,
"but union victories are partial and temporary. We are not so childish,
however, as to apply to teachers the policy of all or nothing. That is nei-
ther their will nor in their interest. In their interest, we can have no
problems with any minister whomsoever." ‘

Mamadou Ndoye:

Within SUDES the split is consummated. In the course of the weekend two
different "congresses" were held, and two boards elected. The first, held
Friday at the university, continued Madior Diouf in office as secretary
general. The second, held Saturday at the Madina 4 school, elected Mamadou
Ndoye head of its board. This latter faction had occupied SUDES headquar-
ters in Bopp during the day. On Sunday Madior Diouf's faction reoccupied
the headquarters.

How was that point reached? Mamadou Ndoye, head of the second faction, who
was SUDES secretary general from 1976 to 1981, considers the split is the
result of "the determination of the 'former' secretary general (Madior Diouf)
to confiscate the union for his benefit."

In December, he said, a new Administrative Commission’was elected. Under
union by-laws, that commission is charged with setting up the National Exec-
utive Board on the eve of a congress. The results of those elections, says
M Ndoye, revealed "the minority position of the former secretary general."

That is why M Diouf considered there had been irregularities during those
elections. The control commission "elected by the third congress" verified
the votes.

A Categorical Refusal

After visiting the sections, he said, that commission declined to reopen the
case, considering everything had been normal. According to the commission's
report the union deadlock "results from the categorical refusal by certain
comrades to abide by decisions made within responsible bodies."

According to M Ndoye the extraordinary "congress" of the Diouf "faction" is
illegal--"more than that, it is a coup d'etat," considering that the Nation-
al Trade Unions Council (CSN), which has been established as a congress, is
not in session. "The former secretary general and his partisans were con-
tent to trump up and distribute an ostensible resolution of the CSN sitting
as a congress, though they convened no regular body--neither national exec-
utive board, nor administrative commission, nor national trade unions coun-
ceil."

If M-Ndoye is to be believed, the CSN delegates did not have access to the
hall assigned for the deliberations. Confronted by the "manifest determi-

nation of the former secretary general to block the situation, some dele-
gates duly authorized by sections decided to hold in the regular manner the

4th ordinary SEDES congress in conformity with the regulations governing us
and the massively expressed will.of the rank-and-file."

53



Not every one of the well-paid Seidel crew spoile his day by working. Some—
times even the Kinshasa government which always seems willing to look the
other way where Strauss’ people are concerned feels that they are getting
out of line. In a memorandum dated 14 December 1982, Mobutu's chan-
cellery lodged a complaint against a foundation official responsible for

@ project in the planning ministry. He did not show up at his office for
weeks at a time, the official note said. He played tennis during working
jours and was-in-over his head in any event, -since he did not speak a word
of French. It took a year for Munich headquarters to remove the man in
question. :

The Seidel crew has also been known to adopt a cavalier attitude toward
figures and billing procedures at times. In February 1980, the Kinshasa
representative was asked by Munich headquarters to enter the shipment of
151,500 folders with plastic covers, 2,000 ‘Bavarian Free State' pam-
phlets and 320 ‘Hams Seidel Foundation No 2' brochures" into the books
as “expenses for information material." The man was amazed because the
printed materials were not worth the alleged cost and what was more,
they were utterly useless. Which Zairian, efter all, would want to read
about local conditions in Bavaria—in German 7

hus, item after item shows up on the books and the accountants at home
rarely have a chance to control what the foundation funds in foreign
countries are really used for—even though these funds are provided. by the
German taxpayer exclusively.

For all that, no one disputes the fact that the Hanns Seidel Foundation
also operates some very meaningful projects such as a settlement program
for unemployed young people or training courses for administrators—-even
if the education programs are presented in ways reminiscent of the "Lions *"
calendar of events (e.g. "colloquium for highest-ranking socio-political
leadership groups").

fhe inclination to engage in rather magnificent ego trips corresponds to
Franz Josef Strauss' political goals in Africa. The "Fondation Hanns Seidel
Zaire" serves his party as a tool toward this end, Via the Kinshasa advance
post, it maintains contact to the right-wing organizations in Angola and
elsewhere.

For months, an ominous Mr Adams, an emissary of the white minority govern-
ment of Rhodesia, acting under cover of the Hanns Seidel Foundation, was
allowed to "pursue his strange political activities which probably in-
cluded the purchase of arms," as a former Seidel employee now recalls,
With the knowledge of the foundation's headquarters, the Rhodesian used

a W Bully bearing the foundation inscription as well as a telex machine
at the foundation's office. When white rule in Zimbabwe collapsed, Mr
Adams secretly left Zaire.

77



chairmen while retaining their jobs; but why is it that some people appear
to be victims of circumstances?

When they want to stand for Parliament they are not adopted; they want to
stand as branch officials they are turned down; and they want to be ward chair-
men they are vetted. Is that fair?

Surely if they are "inimical" Zambians why doesn't someone in authority call
them and tell them to their face about their "misbehavior?" Keeping such
people in the dark breeds hostility.

That aside the new councillors should take Mr Bulawayo's caution that they are
Party organisers; the people who elected them want a strong and well drilled
Party machinery.

Ward offices must not be turned into interrogation cells where township

residents are molested by self-designated Party militants. They should be
offices to organise and look after UNIP and the people's interests.

cso: 3400/963

83



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

PALM OIL PLANT--About 60 000 Zimbabweans are to benefit from a joint venture
between a British group, Aberfoyle Holdings, and a local firm, Masimba
Export and Import Company, aiming at establishing a 12 000 ha palm oil
plantation at Rutenga. According to a company statement issued in Harare
yesterday, the project, which is expected to cost at least US$50 million,
should create employment for about 10 000 people, including 4 000 small-
holders. Of the plantation, 8 000 ha will constitute a commercial estate
run by the group and the other 4 000 ha will be taken up by smallholders.
The statement says a mill will be built on site to express the oil. "At
full production it will produce US$36 million worth of oil of which it

is estimated that US$30 million will be for export. 'There can be no doubt
that this will be a tremendous boon to Rutenga and surrounding districts,"
the statement said.--Ziana [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 5 May 84
pl

RIVAL UNIONS MERGE--Two national unions representing agricultural and planta-
tion workers yesterday merged following a Government directive. The Zimbabwe
Agricultural and Plantation Workers’ Union and the General Agricultural and
Plantation Workers' Union of Zimbabwe merged after extensive meetings this
week in Harare. The new union will have an interim committee of eight until
a congress is held later this year to elect new office bearers. Members of
the interim committee include co-general secretaries Cde Dixon Ndawana and
Cde Michael Mawere and co-presidents Cde Mokiad Mudiwa and Cde Barnabas
Marufu. Other members are: Cde Edwin Chipote, Cde Anthony Chinde, Cde
Kudakwashe Sigauke and Cde Elias Moyo. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English
5 May 84 p 1)

CSO: 3400/980 - END -

90



At the conclusion of a plenary meeting on 24 and 25 September 1983, the SNEAHV
National Board opened fire on the CNR and the revolutionary government. There
was a jumble of confused ideas relative to the nature of the revolution, rela-
tions between the CNR and leftwing forces--notably LIPAD [Patriotic League for
Development] and the PAI [African Independence Party]--and so on. Behind that
agitation, the SNEAHV's opportunistic board had only one objective in view: to
sow confusion in the workers’ ranks and induce them to support the reformist
and middle-class ideology of the MLN-FPV.

The reaction by the CDR's was not long in coming. The meeting on 3 October
gave the CDR's the opportunity to put the SNEARV's activists in their place.
But the SNEAHV was not going to give up because of that. In the face of the
positive steps taken by the CDR, the SNEAHV board maintained complete silence.

Blinded by its visceral hatred of the government, the reformist board entered
another phase in its struggle. In collusion with the reactionary bourgeoisie
and imperialist circles in the capital, it threw tracts in the street denigrat-
ing the regime in power by insinuating that union freedoms were being flouted.

Why, however, did the SNEAHV board content itself with a few timid remarks in
opposition to the defunct CMRPN [Military Committee of Recovery for National
Progress] when the latter adopted the most antisocial repressive measures ever
known in Upper Volta (suppression of the right to strike, dissolution of the
Csv [Upper Voltan Trade Union Confederation], the warrant for the arrest of its
secretary general and his actual arrest, and the deportation of patriotic stu-
dents and workers)? The reason was that the SNEAHV's barons-~people like Baba
Hamidou Ouedraogo, Ousmane Kindo, and their kind-~had their hands tied because
they were in collusion with the fascist leaders of the time. At the SNEAHV Na-
tional Council meeting on 6 and 7 June 1981, Ousmane Kindo, assistant secretary
general of the SNEAHV at the time, declared proudly: "We have taken note of 25
November as an opportune and timely saving action with respect to us, notably
as regards the CMRPN's actions: the guarantee of union freedoms and recognition
of the rights of education workers." His statement fit directly into the prop-
aganda by the SNEAHV's reformist board to lure workers into supporting the CMRPN.

On 1 December 1980--that is, scarcely 6 days after the CMRPN's coup d'etat--
the SNEAHV board and its accomplice, the board of SUVESS [Single Upper Voltan
Union of Teachers in Secondary and Higher Education], headed at the time by the
potentates in the MLN-FPV, gave their "spontaneous" support to the CMRPN by of-
fering their services to the new government in power. There again, it was not
a matter of chance, because it was part of the overall plan that propelled the
colonels into power at the head of the country in November 1980. ‘The followup
to those events clearly demonstrated--with all due respect to the SNEAHV
reformists--that their barons in the FPV were the brains behind the putsch of
25 November.

People Silenced

Logically, the SNEAHV leadership should have dissociated itself from the CMRPN
and struggled ardently, like the anti-imperialist organizations, against the
silencing of the workers.

60



The Bas-Kouikou bridge will have four central spans, each 72
meters long, and two shoreline bays 51 meters long. Its paved
surface will be 7.60 meters wide, flanked’ on either side by a
meter-wide sidewalk.

6182

CSO: 3419/636

33



When the clinic administrators realized on 1 December 1980 that DM 240,000
of their annual budget were still unspent, they made haste to spend the
money by the end of the year, Availing itself of the services of question-
able businessman Iutz Kayser—whose erstwhile Otrag Co. had been experiment—
ing with low-cost rockets for military use in Zaire—the Hanns Seidel
Foundation hurriedly purchased used medical supplies some of which proved to
be cheap and useless junk.

In the meantime, the medical project itself was serving its purpose after
a fashion but the BMZ was hard put to explain why a political foundation,
primarily using ministry funds, was involved in such a delicate undertaking
which required a special kind of expertise. In February, a team from Bonn
came to Gbadolite to see whether further assistance was warranted.

The Hans Seidel people are sure that it is, In Gbadolite, there is a high
incidence of goiter—-just as in Bavaria, In a sense, therefore, the Munich
foundation is the perfect organization for the job.

Each year, the government makes several hundred million marks available to
the foundations of the political parties for their work in foreign coun-
tries. These funds are to be spent on "socio-political education" or for
“measures to improve the social structure" in the developing countries.
It is difficult to maintain control and the powers of the government ac-
counting office are limited,

For another thing, relations between the accountants and those who are ac=
countable are too close for comfort in some instances, Dr Neumann-Dammerau,
who used to be the EMZ division chief for Central Africa and as such was
responsible for supervising aid to Zaire, was "farmed out" to the Hanns
Seidel Foundation to help coordinate its activities in Africa, In 1983,
Neumann-Dammerau returned to the ministry.

Fhe circuitous paths trodden by the party foundations in their work in
foreign countries all too often tend to disappear in the thick under~

brush.

When the Zairian government innocently inquired of the foreign ministry in
1982 whether the Bonn government might not be in a position te assume the
cost of a training program for an anti-terrorist squad in the future, the
Bonn government was stunned, It was only the request from Kinshasa which
made them aware of the fact that the Hanns Seidel Foundation had acted as
an intermediary to have the Bavarian government send four members of the
land criminal police as "security experts" to draconically run Zaire—

a country where opponents to the regime have been known to disappear with-
out a trace on occasion,

73



CONGO

FRENCH COMPANY ENGAGED IN BRIDGE, ROAD CONSTRUCTION
Brazzaville MWETI in French 20 Apr 84 p 3
[Article by J.D. Missama]

[Text] Colas is a French company that has been active in the
Congo since 1970, when it took over an old company known as
Lorraine des Travaux Publiques Africains (LTPA). Its main area
of interest is road construction, grading, and road surfacing.
It has already demonstrated its capabilities with its remodeling
and upgrading work at Maya~Maya International Airport, extending
and surfacing the Impfondo airstrip, building the new airstrip
at Ouesso and, just recently, rebuilding the landing strip at
Loubomo airport.

Right now, Colas, one of whose yards is based at Nkayi, is busy
building five bridges over the Loudima, Nkenke, Louvizi, and
Bouabona rivers to carry National Route 1. The metal underpin-
nings of all five bridges are now in place, each with a load
capacity of more than 25 tons. All that remains to be done is
to finish the grading and surfacing of the 2-kilometer approaches
to each end of the bridges

Colas has very modern equipment, including bulldozers, compacters,
loaders, trucks for transporting the heavy machinery, a mobile
machineshop truck, and water and fuel tanker trucks. The Nkayi
site uses 10 drivers, six machine operators, amd a chief topogra-~
Pher, all under the watchful eye of a French works foreman.

We can report that the Loutete bridge is now complete. The heavy
rains that have fallen of recent weeks in the Bouenza region com-
plicated the job. Floodwaters have washed out the footings of
the last four bridges, which means it will all have to be done
over. Target date for final completion of all these jobs is

next December. All these projects are credited to the political
leadership headed by Col Denis Sassou-Nguesso, and reflect his
determination to change the country completely by providing a
transport infrastructure that will meet the concerns and wants

of the masses of the people.

6182
34

CSO: 3419/635



GUINEA-BISSAU

BRIEFS

COOPERATION WITH MALI--For the purpose of establishing contacts with our orga-
nizations in the field of agriculture, a Malian delegation headed by Maki
Koreissi Aguibou Tall, director general of international cooperation, arrived
in our country last Wednesday 11 April. According to the Malian official, the
delegation's visit is the result of agreements signed by Presidents Bernardo
Vieira of Guinea-Bissau and Moussa Traore during the Malian chief of state's
visit to our country last December. Maki Tall also said he had brought schol-
arships granted by the Malian Government for Guinea-Bissau students in the
fields of agriculture, telecommunications, advanced technical training, and
human and animal health. [Text] [Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 14 Apr 84

p 3] 11798

STUDY OF CACHEU RIVER-~Pursuant to the agreements signed between our two coun-
tries, the Portuguese Navy's oceanographic ship "Almeida Carvalho" arrived in
the port of Bissau on the 10th of this month to conduct a hydrographic survey
of the Cacheu River bar. It should be noted that the purpose of the survey is
to demarcate a channel that will allow ships with a draft of 9 meters to enter
that river. The project is of obvious economic interest, since it will permit
a number of products from the region to be shipped abroad directly from ports
on that river. The "Almeida Carvalho" was built with a reinforced hull to
enable it to operate in water with floating ice. It has an air-conditioning
system for any type of climate. For hydrographic and oceanographic work, its
scientific area consists of 148 meters with a plotting room, a special labora-
tory, a wet laboratory, and a 60-meter hold. For sounding in shallow waters,
it has a 7,9-meter boat. In work requiring accurate positioning, the ship can
be operated by remote control from the bridge through the rudder and the propul-
sion unit installed in the rudder hole. The ship, whose captain is Comdr
Antonio Pedro Dias Souto, is to remain in our territorial waters for about 21
days. It should be noted that this ship completed a mission in Cape Verde

3 years ago. This is the first time that it has been in Guinea-Bissau. [Text]
{Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 14 Apr 84 p 3] 11798

CSO: 3442/353

49



The CIFT's limba research was to lead to the same result: at the
very least, it would make it possible for us to move more expe-
ditiously in restoring our forests, which are now "victim to very
severe exploitation of the limba" (particularly in the southern
portion of our country). A reforestation program designed to
hasten regeneration had been undertaken back in 1950, particularly
in the Mayombe district. The technique used at that time was
broadcast seeding. In all, 6,435 hectares had been planted with
young forest as of 1961. Unfortunately, financial difficulties
precluded continuation of that program.

From now on, though, thanks to bud cloning, the limba can take

root again. Known by the scientific name of "Terminalia superba, "
it is, along with the okoume, part of the real wealth of our for—
ests. It is a noble wood, used as veneer, in cabinetry, and in
furniture making. The Applied Technology Center for these uses is
located at N'Goua "2", Research on the limba has been undertaken
by other agencies in Ivory Coast, Nigeria, and Cameroon, but the
Pointe-Noire CIFT is the only one to report such growth performance.
Flushed with this success, the CTFT is planning to start similar
research on the okoume.

6182
CSO: 3419/635



dues, or causing some persons to vote who held cards issued by the adminis-
tration which preceded the third congress.

Elsewhere, he continued, receipts were delivered though no cards were sold,
or else rank-and-file units were selectively convened so as to assemble a
favorable majority.

Once informed, the national executive board, which had received the renewal
files from the control commission, forwarded them to the Administrative com-
mission, which then referred the matter to the union's national committee,
which would decide the case after examination. .

The opposing faction allegedly developed a strategy which consists in block-
ing verification of the records. The national control commission, which is
elected by the congress, had to resign itself to come to the local level and
check, section by section, in the presence of all the members. There again,
according to Madior Diouf, obstruction prevented all discussion, while two
unauthorized members of the control commission crisscrossed the sections in
vain.

But as things now stand, is he not running the risk of giving rise to two
SUDES? Here the secretary general is categorical: "There is no reason why
they should call themselves SUDES or use our initials or post box." He
then explained that the national board which has just been formed is polix
tical because it included militants from a number of parties, among them 10
from the MPT Lex ansion unknown/ and 10 from the MDP Popular Democratic
Movement/, PAI /African Independence Party/, and others.

They were the ones, he explains, who on 27 April put out tracts criticizing
the union. "They joined together to impose the board of their choice on the
teachers. But there is not a single democrat--in the non-party sense--on
that board, and that is what the teachers do not accept."

But what will happen now that the split is complete? The militants in the
ranks, who will come together at once at the local level, will decide that,
mischievously asserts the secretary general of SUDES. The first reaction
came from the Rufisque section. In any case, Madior Diouf recalls, SUDES
means to be a national body. "No one who can respect its policy will have
the least problem with it."

To those who accuse the SUDES leadership of being minions of the Minister
of National Education, he responds that it is because SUDES has recognized
several points in M Iba Der Thiam's action plan as being planks in the plat-~
form released at the end of the union council of 5 August 1976.

Those principles of "democratic management" include the presence of teacher
representatives of SUDES at all levels where teachers's problems are dis-
eussed, and consultation with teachers' unions prior to any important deci-
sion concerning them. They are older than SUDES.

52



It is rather odd that within the first few months after the coup d'etat of

7 November, when the progressive wing of the CSP [People's Salvation Council]
had succeeded in canceling all the antisocial measures adopted by the CMRPN
officers, the opportunistic leadership of the SNEAHV did not applaud, consider-
ing that it talks so much about democratic freedoms. All the progressive
workers' organizations, on the other hand, were delighted at the new situation.

Confined in its political shortsightedness, the SNEAHV leadership later called
the first CSP a fascistic government--one more proof that ‘the SNEAHV's reac~
tionary leadership was in collusion with the highly discredited CMRPN. Because
if any government in Upper Volta ever showed itself to be notoriously fascist,
it was the CMRPN and not the progressive CSP.

Hysterical Campaign

So what does the SNEAHV's reformist leadership want? Power. The SNEAHV lead-
ership has betrayed its policy, its orientation, and its basic principles to
put its clique of friends in the MLN-FPV back in power--including people like
Ky Zerbo and Guirma.

Concealed behind that hysterical campaign of brainwashing and disinformation,
therefore, is a-vast plot hatched by international imperialism against the
Upper Voltan people.

The SNEAHV's reactionary leadership is very skillful in working toward the
achievement of its objective. It is playing a very subtle game of doubledeal-
ing. On the one hand, it is proving to be the most reliable go-between link-
ing internal reactionary forces and international--chiefly French--imperialism.
The activism to which the SNEAHV is devoting itself is aimed not only at sowing
disorder but above all at preparing the way for intervention in the country by
mercenaries, as Major Lingani has so well said.

On the other hand, the SNEAHV's current leadership knows perfectly well that
it has lost everything and has nothing to gain in the RDP. It is therefore
laying a trap for the revolutionary government by committing hara-kiri. The
objective is indisputable: to disappoint the regime by attacking certain min-
isters individually--examples being the minister of national education and the
minister of information--and thus force the CNR to take steps against the en-
tire SNEAHV. At that point, the board will wind up its affairs as a way of
backing up its fanciful and erroneous thesis that the revolution is a threat
to democratic freedoms.

That is why, in the face of this situation, the government has a duty to remain
vigilant so as not to fall into that macabre trap. There is therefore reason
to regret the sometimes superficial analyses made by certain CDR's that have
tarred the SNEAHV's decadent leadership and its patriotic rank-and-file members
with the same brush.

It is not the role of the government to supplant the SNEAHV's members and find
a revolutionary leadership for them. The anti-imperialist and antireformist

61



CONGO

Impact of Moukoukoulou Hydroelectric Complex on National Development
(MWETI, 30 Mar, 20 Apr 84)..cccecceccesceccvccnccrceesevceeced

Functions Only Partially, by Nestor Okomi
Energy Distribution, by J. D. Missama

Belgian Economic Mission Visits Brazzaville
(Felix Ipossi; MWETI, 3 Apr 84).......ccccecccecececececeeee eld

CFI Perfects Propagation Technique for Limba Tree
(Auguste Batantou; MWETI, 6 Mar 84).....scecececcccvccceceese2l

Eucalyptus Planting Project Aids Functioning of Paper Pulp Plant
(G. Bote-Ndza; ETUMBA, 7 Apr 84)...ccccceccsccecceceeceeceeee23

N'Keni River Bridge Opens to Traffic

(Christian-Sahir Tsoumou; MWETI, 3 Apr 84).....eceseeeeee cee 026

Bouenza Pushing Family-Scale Fish-Farming
(J. D. Missama, Clement Achille Mouanda, MWETI, 6 Apr 84)....29

Bridge Over Kouilo River To Be Finished May 1985
(Auguste Batantou; MWETI, 13 Apr 84)......cececececeecececeee 3h

French Company Engaged in Bridge, Road Construction
(J. D. Missama; MWETI, 20 Apr 84).........ccccececececececee 034

ATC Reports Rise in December River Traffic
(MWETI, 24 Apr 84). .cececceeceseeccecevceceeceecescescsseencsdd

Luobomo Airfield Landing-Strip Gets New All-Weather Surface
(Moutadila; MWETI, 27 Mar 84).......ccccecccccccccvccvceseeee37

Briefs
Senegalese Trade Delegation 39
Cuban Parliamentarians Arrive 39
SAPEM Corn Harvest 40
PDRK Parliamentary Delegation 40
Equatorial Guinea Delegation 40
GUINEA-BISSAU

USSR Scholarship Program Detailed
(NO PINTCHA, 11 Apr 84) ......ccccccccescccscscecececscscecee 41

Employment, Training Cooperation With Portugal Discussed
(NO PINTCHA, 11 Apr 84). ...ccccccceccecceceeceeceeceececcnes 43



GUINEA-BISSAU

USSR SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM DETAILED
Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 11 Apr 84 p 6

[Text] The Soviet Union has granted our country 122 scholarships this year
for training in various areas, according to comrade Ivan Zhuk, cultural attache
and first secretary at the Soviet Embassy in Bissau.

According to the diplomat, the relevant agreement, which dates from the time
of the struggle for national liberation, was initialed 1 year after the total
liberation of our country--that is, in 1975.

Since that time, relations have expanded steadily from year to year with the
granting of scholarships. At the moment, for example, over 500 students are
studying in Soviet universities, schools, and institutions.

Of the 122 scholarships granted this year, 74 were provided by Soviet social
organizations for their counterparts in Guinea-Bissau. Those 74 are broken
down as follows: 30 from the Association of the Peoples of Africa, 5 from
Komsomol [Leninist Communist Youth League], 7 from the Committee of Soviet
Women, 15 from the Soviet Committee for Solidarity With the Peoples of Asia
and Africa, 2 from the Soviet trade unions, 14 from Patrice Lumumba University,
and 1 from the Red Cross.

The 48 government scholarships granted within the framework of CEMA were dis-—
tributed as follows: 10 for cooperation projects between the USSR and our coun-
try, 20 for senior-level fishing cadres, and 3 for meteorology, while 7 addi-
tional scholarships are also to be granted in the fields of social science,
Germanics, journalism, literature, and so on.

As far as age groups are concerned, comrade Ivan Zhuk said that candidates for
university and higher-level training must not be over 27 years of age, while
postgraduate candidates must not be over 35 years of age.

In addition to the 122 scholarships, the Soviet Committee for Vocational Train-
ing will also grant 30 scholarships for periods of from 3 to 4 years. The
first year will be spent training and supervising the candidates in keeping
with their qualifications. During that period, they will immediately begin a
language course. A committee appointed for the purpose will then decide whether
they should be directed to another lower-level course--in this case, at the
middle or some other level. Such a decision is reached only in very rare cases.

41



CONGO

BRIEFS

SENEGALESE TRADE DELEGATION-- A sizable delegation of Senegalese
entrepreneurs, headed by M Raphael Diouf, director-general of the
Senegalese foreign trade center, has been in Brazzaville since
Monday, 19 March 1984. Fifteen members strong, this mission of
businessmen from Senegal, whose object is to get to know their
Congolese counterparts, is here to deepen the two-way flow of
trade between the two countries. The main object, according to
Lagos' plan, is to diversify its cooperative relations with
Dakar. On Tuesday the Senegalese and Congolese businessmen met
at the Brazzaville Chamber of Commerce to discuss Senegalese pro-
ducts which could find a market here. This means fresh produce
(fruits, vegetables, canned goods, sea food...). Over on the
industry side, the emphasis went to peanut oil, concentrates,
pharmaceutical products, building materials, etc. [Text] Brazzi-
vill MWETI in French 22 Mar 84 p 3] 6182

CUBAN PARLIAMENTARIANS ARRIVE--A delegation of members of the
Cuban Parliament, headed, by: Comrade Flavio Bravo,member of the
CC of the..Cuban CP, Vice President of the Council of State, and
president of the National Assembly of the People's Government,
arrived in Brazzaville on Monday 5 March 1984 at 1940 hours for
an official visit of friendship. During their stay here, the
Cuban solons toured the IAD (African Record Company) plant before
taking off for Pointe-Noire, accompanied by the President of the
People's National Assembly, Comrade Jean Ganga-Zandzou. At Pointe
Noire yesterday they were welcomed at 1100 hours by the head of
State. Following that meeting, which lasted more than 2 hours,
Comrade Flavio told the press that he had come to greet President
Denis Sassou-Nguesso who has excellent relations with Cuba and
is also a close friend of Fidel Castro. Looking back on this
second stay in Congo, Comrade Flavio Bravo said he was pleased
with the political situation, the economic achievements, and the
discipline displayed by the Congolese people under the guidance
of the Congolese Workers' Party. Present at the interview were
Comrade Jean Ganga Zandzou, president of the People's National
Assembly, and Benoit Moundele-Ngollo, member of the CC of the PCT
and minister for Public Works, City Planning, and Construction.
[Excerpt ] [Brazzaville MWETI in French 9 Mar 84 p 3] 6182

39



telephone exchanges to serve six provinces, This will help decentralize our
telecommunications. The Ministry of Information is assured of Algerian sup-
port in the sponsoring of an Arab-African seminar on information and in the
establishment of a film library in Ouagadougou. The first-mentioned project
calls for Upper Volta to play a role in restoring dynamism to relations between
Arab and African countries with a view to countering the attempts by Zionists
who want to divide the African countries by establishing diplomatic relations
with them. For its part, the second project is aimed at rehabilitating the
image of Africans and Arabs. This will consist simply of recovering films and
rewriting our history starting with those films, which were produced by the
colonizer and present a distorted image of our peoples. Algeria has also
agreed to coproduce with Upper Volta a film on the subject of the August revo-
lution. For its part, Upper Volta is offering five scholarships with which
Algerian students will be able to continue their cinema studies at INAFEC.

And that is not all. Upper Volta will now have a permanent exhibit at the
Algiers Fair, which will open again this May. This kindness toward our coun-
try on Algeria's part is due to the overtures initiated by President Chadli
Bendjedid toward progressive countries, especially since the Fifth FLN Congress
last December. Those overtures have been marked by the relaunching of South-
South cooperation and by Algeria's diplomatic and material support for organi-
zations of struggle such as POLISARIO.

For Upper Volta, which recognized the SDAR last 4 March, the issue of the con-
flict between that country and Morocco seems to be one of the prerogatives [as
published] in dialogues between Upper Volta and the countries supporting the
just struggle of the Saharan people. To be noted in each of the final communi-
ques drawn up at the end of the visits by the comrade chairman of the CNR is
the agreement of opinion in favor of a just settlement of the conflict in the
Western Sahara. While deploring the fact that the efforts made to resolve the
conflict peacefully have failed, the three chiefs of state remain convinced
that only direct negotiation between Morocco and POLISARIO, in accordance with
Resolution AHG-104 of the 19th OAU Summit Meeting, can bring to a successful
conclusion the peace process begun in Addis Ababa. More specifically, concern-
ing the SDAR's participation in the next OAU summit meeting, Algeria and Upper
Volta were careful to state that if the peace process is obstructed indefinitely,
the SDAR's participation in OAU meetings will become imperative. Putting it
more plainly, Upper Volta and Algeria will not participate in the organization's
summit meeting if the SDAR is not admitted to that meeting.

Beyond the simple recognition of the SDAR, the visit by the comrade chairman of
the CNR to the liberated territory of the SDAR constitutes a concrete expression
of the revolutionary thinking that was developed in particular in the CNR's pol-
icy statement. Better still, our country's militant solidarity with the SDAR
also means that young Saharans will be sent to our country's civilian or mili-
tary schools. The offer was made by Captain Sankara during the speech he de-
livered before thousands of Saharans.

The initiative taken by the comrade chairman in visiting the SDAR unquestionably

constitutes one more success for the SDAR and, indeed, a victory by struggling
peoples over imperialism and its local lackeys. It is therefore understandable

64



that is, to establish order, security, and justice, and also to appoint the
district officials. The prefects and their deputies, the subprefects and
their deputies, and the heads of administrative posts are now installed by the
central authority. Discussions now underway will enable filling all the
vacant traditional chief positions. This effort made by the government,
despite financial constraints imposed by the demands of national recovery, has
resulted in an effective restoration of administration. The effort will
continue, especially in the area of equipping the districts. It must be
recognized that the local authorities, despite their determination, are
currently working in a difficult situation. Hence the effort is to improve
their working conditions and effectiveness. Also, we believe that the
prefects meeting 16-20 April will enable us to review the territorial
administration activities and to consider dynamic and effective prospects for
these activities.

ATP: At the time of your appointment as head of the Department of Interior
and Security you issued a slogan to the effect that administration must be
brought close to the administered. How is this policy currently being
demonstrated? Is it being transformed into deeds?

Taher Guinassou: I believe that the slogan you refer to definitely applies,
for the territorial administration is in the service of our people, the
Chadian people. It is the intermediary between the administered and the
central government and vice versa. This role can only be effectively
performed in the context of the government's current policy, the policy of
contact, reconciliation and direct dialogue with the people.

Also, this will enable the prefects and subprefects to objectively understand
the local realities and to propose solutions that are appropriate to the
management of our districts. This also assumes knowledge of the environment,
people, their customs, etc. That is why I have always recommended that the
district chiefs contact the administered for better knowledge, knowledge for
understanding, and understanding for better administration. Thus, this
principle is up-to-date; we have observed it during our inspection tours,
applied in certain areas. As an example, I will mention only the motivation
of the governing representatives to contact the citizens, in direct
application of this policy, and despite the difficulty of travel.

ATP: Does not the concept of the prefect undermine the process of bringing
closer together the administrator and those he administers? By concept I
mean the fact that the prefect may be regarded as a superior, inaccessible
being.

Taher Guinassou: I myself do not see what obstacle that creates in bringing
the administrator closer to those he administers. For the hierarchical
authority in the district is the prefect. By definition the prefect is a
higher hierarchical authority with responsibility for coordination, for
promotion of public service activities in the district. However, everything
depends on the performance of the district chiefs. If the prefect remains in
his office, introduces a colonial-type administration, and works through
representatives, never going a foot from his office, then that, in my opinion,
will undermine the closer relationship between the territorial administration



And the national executive board was also called on to meet on 25 March.
The Administrative Commission met and set the date of 27 April for holding
the national pre-congress council, and the congress dates for 28 and 29
April.

At each of those stages, explains M Madiou Diouf, difficulties were met.
They were linked to attempts by "the group which has just set up a national
executive board" to prevent any verification of irregularities committed,
or--in a word--to shed a little more light on the question.

In the face of determination by those responsible for the union's paralysis
to repeat what happened on 27 December, explains the secretary general of
SUDES, "we took the appropriate steps: the national council set itself up
as a congress, as provided in the by-laws, and took steps consonant with
resolutions adopted by the rank-and-file.

"For we were informed, prior to the national council meeting, concerning
attempts being plotted to prevent the holding of the congress, and we took
our precautions so that all decisions would conform to the sense of recom-
mendations by the Administrative Commission, which originated from propo-
sals by sections having already declared,as a majority at the Administrative
Committee meeting on 25 March, the need to complete the only fair process
for unfreezing the crisis." But now that there are two national executive
bureaus, there is the question of legitimacy. Who possesses it?

Proper Decisions

For Madior Diouf, legitimacy is easy to determine objectively from without,
but also through ‘the militants who not only interpreted the by-laws, as is
their right, but came to the proper decisions. Moreover, the bodies elec-
ted following the 1981 congress are the only valid ones, because they are
known to the authority of which they are the major and unique interlocutor-~
not to mention that they hold the warrant in their hands.

To the charge made by the "dissidents" that the present leadership is a
minority one, Madior Diop responds by bringing to the fore the irregulari-
ties which tainted membership renewals at the section level.

He cites, for example, the buying of union cards at the very end of the
union year, "often very maladroitly, to the point of buying cards for cer-
tain persons already holding them."

The secretary general of SUDES has no doubts that those renewals were based
on the political intention systematically to gain control of the union. For
that reason, the vote on matters of militant practice was not noted. "Votes
were cast systematically for party comrades. Such a spirit can destroy a
union."

Then, according to M Diouf, there were fraudulent renewals which consisted,
as at Saint-Louis, of having someone elected who had not fully paid his

51



The sudden flutter and intensity of the efforts to depict South Africa as
untouchable are as yet only a whimsical phase, or an indication of success
in this endeavor. They must be viewed against the background of the initi-
atives South Africa is successfully carrying out in southern Africa. .

The June visit to West Germany of Prime Minister P. W. Botha confirms the
fact that the Republic is experiencing one of its most successful diplomatic
periods in a long time. The Nkomati agreement and the cease-fire between
South Africa and Angola are most important and cannot be ignored by the West.

The fact that West Germany, which since the Second World War has been extremely
sensitive to world opinion, is ready to receive the South African Premier,
underlines the reality quite clearly. There is a definite change and a reali-
zation that it is necessary to become aware of what is happening, even in
other European countries.

This is precisely what Mr Botha will do. He will seek understanding for his
way of handling his country's complex problems, but will also report what has
been achieved. Unlike other African leaders who go to Europe to seek increased
financial aid, he is going to exhibit the results of dedicated work here at
home. He could not travel to Europe with any better testimonial.

Colored Leaders Comment on Budget
Bloemfontein DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 30 Mar 84 p 13
{Unattributed article from Capetown Correspondent]

[Text] The budget still remains basically a white budget, and most colored
community leaders have based their hope--that in the new dispensation more
influences can work toward supporting the poorer segment of the population--
on Mr Owen Horwood's tenth budget, the tenth and presumably the last to be
presented to the one-house parliament currently in place.

Mr Miley Richards, deputy leader of the Labor Party, said that the greatest
flaw in the budget is that not enough has been done for those people who live
below the poverty line. Improving the living standards of the poor should
have received priority. "The budget has dealt everyone an equally violent
blow, and this is really unfair," he maintained.

Heavier

"If I had had any say in formulating the new budget in the House of Representa-
tives, I would have liked to see to it that corporation taxes had been made
even heavier," he said.

Reflection

Mr Peter Marais, leader of the People's Congress Party, believes that the
budget reflects the economic conditions now prevailing in the nation. "I
feel that we ought to consider rescheduling implementation of the new dispen-
sation. Besides the fact that it is going to impose a tremendous financial
burden on the country, it will also be used by extra-parliamentary groups as
a stick to beat us with.

57



this time in the context of bringing the territorial administration closer to
those administered. The territorial administration had been in a situation of
total anarchy. That is why the government of the Third Republic set as a
priority the reestablishment of the basic administrative infrastructure, in
this case the territorial administration. . The government's concern is also to
enable this territorial administration to regain its vitality, enable the
prefects and subprefects to really administer the country, and enable the
auxiliaries of the territorial administration, that is, the traditional
chieftaincy, to effectively assist the authorities of their districts. The
traditional chieftaincy is in general called on to help the government. I do
not think it is an obstacle to rapprochement between the administration and
the administered. On the contrary, if the competent authorities in the
district cooperate in an effective manner with the traditional chiefs, this
will contribute to strengthening the bases of the administration as a whole.
That is what I wanted to say about traditional chieftaincy. (ATP)

Social Affairs, Women's Progress
N'Djamena INFO TCHAD in French 18 Apr 84 pp 1-3

[Excerpts] The annual conference of prefects that opened day before yesterday
is continuing its work at the Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Agriculture.
On Tuesday there were messages by the ministers and reports by the prefects of
May~Kebbi, Moyen-Chari, Ouaddai, Salamat, and Tandjile, and by the delegate of
the town of N'Djamena.

First, Mrs Fatime Kimto spoke on the Ministry of Labor, Promotion of Women,
and Social Affairs. She explained that this ministry concerns itself with the
status of the worker through the labor legislation, which is a whole group of
legal regulations to protect the worker, who is regarded as the motive force
and target of development. The government's major concern, Mrs Kimto
continued, is to prevent, to the greatest possible extent, the work accidents
and occupational diseases that are quite common in our developing countries.
To this end, the National Social Welfare Fund (CNPS) was been envigorated to
solve workers' social problems and especially to manage social security in
Chad.

The secretary of state also spoke about leadership of the promotion of women,
an innovation of the Third Republic that she described as a positive action
to the credit of President of the Republic Hissein Habre. She added that this
innovation will be prominent in the annals of Chad's political history.

Mr Yorongar, assistant secretary general of the government, then reported on a
document he is proposing for consideration of the committee charged with
updating the laws for reorganization of territorial administration. According
to Mr Yorongar, this document is a severely critical analysis since it spares
no aspect of the administrative field, however dismal. The conclusion is that
our territorial administration, having inherited from colonialism the general
administrative principles, is ill-suited to the Chadian realities. In
particular, the current administrative fragmentation of Chad no longer meets
the requirements of the time, and its review is an “urgent necessity.” In Mr
Yorongar's view, this review of the current territorial organization will

11



ANGOLA

CHAD

JPRS-SSA-8 4-063

4 June 1984

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS

Cuban Universities Admit Isle of Youth Graduates

(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 19 Apr 84)....

Italian Firm Helps SONANGOL Build Fuel Storage Tanks

(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 25 Apr 84)....

ODP Defense Reserve Brigade Takes Oath

(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 25 Apr 84)......

Forestry Cooperation With Cuba

(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 25, 26 Apr 84)..cceceecreeecececerereeee 4

Lumber Exports
Second Shipment

Briefs

Animal Products Distribution Problems

Military Driving Course Ended
Seafood Figures for Bie

ENAMA Production Underfulfillment

Fishing Unit 1983 Figures
Malanje Lumber Marketing Figures
Bandits Tried in Kuando-Kubango
Counterrevolutionaries Condemned
France Donates Medicine

NNADVAUUU

Prefects Conference Discusses Improved District Administration

(INFO TCHAD, various dates)...

wevee 8

Interior Minister Interview, Taher Guinassou Interview

Social Affairs, Women's Progress

Final Day's Session

{III - NE & A - 120)


bridge, said that as far as he was concerned it would be "a steel
collar round the neck of a mighty river." Comrade Ngouonimba-
Nezary was referring to the symbolic taming of the river that
has devoured so many human lives and swallowed up vehicles of
all descriptions.

Hard Times

Unfortunately, the people of Madingo-Kayes are not quite out of
the woods just yet. They are still telling off the most pain-
ful beads in their bitter chaplet. As is still the case in se-
veral parts of our country, the Bas-Kouilou crossing used to be
made by ferry. There were actually two ferries at this crossing.
One belonged to the National Forestry Company (SNEB), which used
it to carry its timber and that of other forestry operators.

The other was owned by the National Transport and Public Works
System (RNIP). However, only’ one of them has been working for
the past 2 years or so: the SNEB ferry, which had been trans-
fered to the RNTP. That ferry, too, gave up the ghost during
President Denis Sassou-Nguesso's tour of the region. It simply
could not stand up under the uninterrupted strain of ferrying
the more than 100 vehicles that made up the presidential motor-
cade.

For more than a month, the people of Madingo-Kayes district and
those of the administrative control post (PCA) at Nzambi have
thus been completely cut off from the rest of the country. No
vehicles at all can get through. The crossing must be made by
dugout canoe, and the fare is 200 to 250 francs.

In an effort to redress the situation, the RNTP turned to the
Spie Batignolles company to handle repairs to the ferry. Re-
placement parts were ordered from Europe. And that means more
waiting while work on the bridge moves right along. And a good
thing, too. "Let's just hope it goes fast so we can get relief
from the stressful uncertainty we have to undergo whenever we

set foot in one of these cranky makeshift craft," sighed an offi-
cial posted at Madingo-Kayes, looking wistfully at the workers
busy on the project.

Longest Bridge

With its 390-meter span, this will be the longest bridge in Congo.
Its builder is the Batignolles Company, the oldest of construc-
tion firms, which has been doing business in Congo since 1923.

As the foremen at the site explained to me, they will be using a
special technique. Known as the "push-out" system, it involves
fabricating each section on shore, then pushing it into place.

The . piers, ; pilings, and abutments are based on metal piles 1.5
meters in diameter. These piles are driven into the bed as deep
as 50 meters.

32


Karl Hillermeier, the Bavarian interior minister, called the unusual assistance
program "a matter of course." Last December, he reluctantly ordered the
last of the four terrorist experts back to Munich.

The incident made it clear for the first time that Franz Josef Strauss
transacts a good deal of his foreign policy business through the Hanns
Seidel Foundation and thereby evades the control of parliament.

fo be sure, all four of the party foundations are by no means reticent
about their work. But none operates as uninhibitedly and aggressively in
Zaire, the third-largest African nation, than the Munich foundation does
in the immediate sphere of Mobutu's power apparatus. The line between
Prinzregentenstrasse on the banks of the Isar and the president's hill
above the Zaire River is short indeed.

The meetings between the bosses take place at irregular intervals. There
may be a safari in Kivu province or a morning meal Bavarian-style—most
recently last year. Whenever he returns from Zaire, Strauss has a lot to
carry. last time, it was two crocodiles—one of which was 50 centimeters
long and the other was 1,50 meters—-some giant turtles and a few parrots.
The flight back was delayed because one of the parrots got out of its
cage during a stopover at Orly and it took Strauss’ staff a while to
catch it. The animals, which were a gift from Mobutu, were turned over to
[the z00 at] Hellabrumn. . .

Second-level contacts are even closer, Siegfried Lengl, who was executive
director of the Hanns Seidel Foundation for 9 years and has been a state
secretary in the BMZ since 1982, has been to Zaire no less than 76 times.

A roundtrip ticket from Munich to Kinshasa is more than IM 5,000 after all;
put Lengl feels that it is worth it. Politics, he has learned from his mentor
and sometime neighbor on the Tegernsee, Strauss, calls for a lot of patience.
While Strauss himself likes to think in geopolitical terms (e.g. “Africa, the
continent of destiny") Lengl's views tend to be more’down to earth.
"Zaire," Lengl, a forestry expert by profession, says, "is a highly inter-
esting region full of natural resources." For another thing, he adds "85
percent of the population is Catholic"—almost like in Bavaria.

If Lengl, who has been to Kinshasa twice in his capacity as undersecretary,
does not have time to see the head of state himself he will at least call
on Mobutu's influential adviser Mandungu Bula Nyati, the governor of Shaba

province.

The fact that they have been on a first-name basis for years has worked to
the advantage of both. Mandungu, who once fought against Mobutu in Katanga,
today is one of Mobutu's most trusted governors--thanks to the CSU.

In the sixties, Mandungu fled to Moscow and studied there at Lummba Univer-
sity. By way of the GDR he later got to the FRG where both the CSU and the

74



On Monday afternoon, while the meeting between Congolese and
Belgian businessmen was going on, M Damseaux paid calls on
Ministers Jean Itadi, of Industry and Fisheries, Benoit Moundele
Ngollo, of Public Works and Construction, and Hilaire Monthauldt,
of Transport and Civil Aviation.

6182
CSO: 3419/636

20



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a. brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
Information Service, and are listed in the Monthly Catalog of
U.S. Government Publications issued by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

STATE FARMS' OUTPUT--Nine of the envisaged 18 State farms undet the K400 mil-
lion operation food programme launched by President Kaunda in May 1980 have
started pilot production projects, Minister of National Commission for Develop-
ment Planning Dr Henry Meebelo said in Ndola yesterday. Dr Meebelo said each
of the nine State farms had cultivated 200 hectares of maize, soyabeans and
other crops and it would not be long before the remaining nine farms came in-
to operation. The State farms once fully operational, coupled with the expan-
sion of the Mpongwe wheat scheme under the new company in which the Government
has majority shares, would greatly improve supply of raw materials to indus-
tries in the country, Dr Meebelo said. The minister was speaking after a
visit to ROP plant in Ndola as part of his inspection tour of development
projects on the Copperbelt. He told general manager Mr Daniel M'hango that
the shortage of groundnuts in Zambia had been aggravated by the illegal ex-
port of the crop to Malawi. "Most of the little groundnuts produced is not
marketed but sold on the black market especially in Malawi." He was accom-
panied during the ROP tour by the Copperbelt provincial programme coordinator
Mr Josiasi Kanvuka, From ROP Dr Meebelo went to Mpongwe wheat scheme and

was scheduled to inspect the Mpongwe-Luanshya road project while in Ndola
Rural. before visiting Zamefa in Luanshya in the afternoon. Today Dr Meebelo
will visit Indeco's ceramics projects in Kitwe. He will also tour Ipafu irri-
gation scheme and United Milling in Chingola. Tomorrow he goes to inspect

the Mwekera fish farm and beekeeping projects near Kitwe. [Text] [Lusaka
TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 3 May 84 p 5]

CSO: 3400/963

89



For its part, the Portuguese side discussed the concept of employment and vo-
cational training as a basic variable in the development of the economy, the
preparation this year of a plan for the 1985-1987 3-year period in the fields
of employment and vocational training that will promote specifically the ini-
tial training of young people just leaving the school system, the vocational
redeployment of the unemployed, the retraining and technological redeployment
of Portuguese manpower, training in keeping with local and regional develop-
ment plans with a view to creating new activities and jobs in unorganized sec-
tors of the economy (particularly handicrafts), the training of cadres, middle~
level supervisors, and managers, atid the development of a network of vocational
training centers, both of the formal type and in enterprises that support in-
plementation of the 3-year plan.

Also examined was the challenge being presented to the employment .and voca-
tional training policy, within the framework of the Plan for Modernization of
the Portuguese Economy, by Portugal's upcoming membership in. the European Com-
munities.

The two delegations agreed that an interdisciplinary mission would be sent to
our country before long to cooperate with Guinea-Bissau's technicians in con-
ducting a systematic survey of local needs in keeping with the relevant devel-
opment plan. They also decided to take advantage of the holding of the 70th
International Labor Conference in Geneva to analyze current cooperation rela-
tions and arrange institutional forms of cooperation between the two Portuguese-
speaking countries, specifically in connection with a study of ways to pene-
trate the international market for domestic handicrafts.

In addition, they agreed on a visit to Portugal by technicians from Guinea-
Bissau to become familiar with the capabilities and potentialities of Portu-
gal's vocational training apparatus; the joint preparation of a quantified pro-
gram, including a timetable, for specific cooperation activities in the fields
of employment and vocational training during the period from 1985 through 1987;
and the signing of a protocol of cooperation in Lisbon in October of this year
by the national officials concerned.

11798
CSO: 3442/353

44



That works out to an overrun of 1,220,793,870 frances, attributable
to changes in the design of both bridges because of unstable
footing on the right banks of both rivers, and to an increase in
channel depth from 7.5 meters to 12 meters so as to allow navi-
gation of the river beyond Oyo. These design changes required
lengthening the beams from 26 to 31 meters.

The N'keni bridge is built of reinforced concrete and pre-stressed
steel. It consists of five equal spans 31 meters in length. Each
span consists of three prestressed steel beams bourid together by

a pre+stressed concrete cladding and supported by piers. The
distance between piers is 30 meters. The four piers in the river
and the abutments rest on metal piles 0.609 meters in diameter and
12.5 mm thick. The upper portions of the piles are filled with
concrete to a depth of 11 meters, while the abutment piles are
filled to a depth of 2 meters. The bridge is surfaced with slabs
2.80 meters long. The bridge is 150 meters from end to end, or
five 3l-meter spans. It is 8.5 meters wide, of which 7 meters is
the roadway width and 0.75 meters is the width of each pedestrian
walkway, 2 percent for the sidewalk curbs and 1 meter for the
height of the guardrail in relation to the walkway. The approach
ramps measure 313 meters on the right bank and 316.90 meters on
the left. The completed work required 200 cubic meters of rein-
forced concrete, 360 cubic meters of prestressed concrete, 96 tons
of steel, and 18 tons of pre-~stressed steel cable.

In less than 2 years, the people of the Plateaux region, especially
those in the Gamboma district, are beginning to enjoy the fruits

of the 1982-1986 Plan. In that brief span of time, the Party and
the government have brought the village a splendid lycee, water-
works, electricity, television, a fuel depot, extensive repairs

to the highway, which cost 2.5 billion, a bridge, a school for
non-conmissioned officers, an administrative control post (PCA)

at Ongogni, and more.

As Minister Benoit Moundele-Ngollo put it so well in his conclud-
ing remarks, all these projects work together toward practical
accomplishment of our 5~Year Plan strategy. That strategy called
for creating conditions so pleasant that people would prefer to
stay in the interior towns and villages, and would no longer be
tempted to migrate into the big cities like Brazzaville and Pointe-
Noire. All this has been made possible by the historic movement
of 5 February 1979, led by Comrade Denis Sassou-Guesso, the man
of the people, the man of action, of whom the Party members of
Gamboma, like their compatriots in the Kouilou region during thé
presidential tour of 5 to 9 March 1984, asked only that he remain
in office for another 5-Year term. Five more years to carry on
the economic recovery action undertaken since the 3rd extraordi-
nary congress of our Party, the PCT, in 1979.

6182
CSO: 3419/636
28



CONGO

LUOBOMO AIRFIELD LANDING-STRIP GETS NEW ALL-WEATHER SURFACE
Brazzaville MWETI in French 27 Mar 84 p 3
{Article by Moutadila]

[Text] Work on a new, permanent, all-weather surface for the
landing-strip at Luobomo airfield has just been completed by the
Colas Company for an estimated 38.800 billion francs. The air-
field, which had suspended operations in June 1983 because of
the deteriorated surface of the landing-strip, will at last be
able to resume normal activity. From now on, the Fokker 27 and
28 aircraft to which the strip had been closed , will now be
able to land here with confidence.

The landing-strip at Loubomo is one that has been a constant con-
cern for the National Civil Aviation Agency (ANAC as well as for
Lina-Congo. As it was, with a rudimentary surface of crushed
laterite, it required constant utilization of heavy machinery

to maintain it. Because Loubomo is an important city, this

strip was kept open to traffic only with repeated applications
of thick layers of laterite to make it accessible and usable by
aircraft. That dogged determination paid off when Lina-Congo,
despite its straitened circumstances, called on the Colas com-
pany to take on the job.

Since accepting the assignment, Colas has worked unceasingly to
meet the deadline for completion. Work started here on 31 January
1984 with the arrival of heavy construction machinery, including
a Caterpillar, a bulldozer, a grader, a compacter, and a lot more.
Actual work began on 1 February 1984. And amid the roar of all
this heavy equipment, workers and operators, under the eye of a
chief engineer, turned the strip into a single huge work-site,

a landing-strip 1,700 meters long and 30 meters wide. Scraping
up the old layers of laterite was one of the first concerns, and
they got right down to it. It involved clearing the strip of an
old surface, badly pitted with hazardous potholes which pilots
could see only at the moment of landing or takeoff. Rocky spoil
that could seriously damage taxiing jets ‘was the main reason for
the extensive improvements.

37



public service commission's centralised recruitment agency in Lusaka which
they blamed for not employing them.

The graduates said in Kitwe that they had applied for employment the previous
November, but none of them had been offered jobs.

Earlier on his tour, Mr Kunda heard from a lecturer in the school of journal-
ism, Mr Julian Mutakala that the new three-year course introduced for journal-
ists included advertising, publication, broadcasting and public relations.

"This is because we don't want them to look to the newsroom as the only ground
of employment, but they may go into other fields if they so wish or if they
can't be employed on the papers."

At the paramedical department Mr Kunda said there was need to train more health
inspectors to help maintain and improve health standards.

Mr Kunda, who found a class of third-year health inspection students in session,
appeared concerned when a lecturer, Mr Benedict Muyunda, showed him some dis-
eased organs of cattle obtained from Cold Storage Board of Zambia.

"We must intensify training in this field because food inspection is very
important if we are to be a healthy and productive nation.

"Just imagine if these were sold to the public unaware of their condition."

He urged business students to take their studies seriously because they were
in a "sensitive field" as they would be dealing with money.

At the beginning of the visit a college spokesman appealed to the minister to
solve the acute shortage of housing for members of staff.

Apart from the Zambia Air Services Training Institute, Evelyn Hone College
was the only other institution in the DTEVT without housing, although it had
enough empty space on which some houses could be built,

At present 35 lecturers are not accommodated.

"We were forced by circumstances to turn one student hostel into what we chose
to call 'staff transit hostel’. However, the adjective 'transit' has now lost

its semantic value because the poor lecturers are stuck there.

"Some of them have large families and the situation is, therefore simply de-
grading and has made the affected lecturers highly inflammable" he said.

PCC Not Doing Enough--Mundia
President Kaunda has taken steps to change the curriculum of the President's

Citizenship College near Kabwe because the institution had failed to live up
to its expectations, prime minister Mundia said yesterday.

87



CONGO

EUCALYPTUS PLANTING PROJECT AIDS FUNCTIONING OF PAPER PULP PLANT
Brazzaville ETUMBA in French 7 Apr 84 pp 1, 4
{Article by G Bote-Ndza]

{Text ] Comrade Henri Djombo, minister of water and forestry,
gave a major press conference on 3 April at the Palace of
Vert, covering the impact ofthe forests as a renewable re-
source. He explained that this underlines the importance of
the action taken by President Denis Sassou-Nguesso in making
6 March the National Day of the Tree.

In the same context Comrade Henri Djombo presented an ex-
tensive review of the project for constructing a wood pulp
factory, while explaining the main lines of the forestry po-
licy of our country. This interview indicates the extent of
our commitment to recognize properly the contribution of the
forests to the economic development of the Congo, which has
been given major emphasis since 5 February 1979, through the
1982-86 5-Year Plan.

In his initial statement the minister of water and forestry recalled the historic
gesture of the chief of state who planted the 10 millionth tree in the eucalyptus
plantations of the industrial forest unit of the Congo. From many points of view
this gesture reflected the desire of the Congolese Labor Party to preserve the en-
vironment through the conscious actions of man. That means that Comrade Denis
Sassou-Nguesso thereby inaugurated the era of the general struggle against the
irrational destruction of nature, by asking each Congolese, wherever he may be,

to plant a fruit tree. In itself this constitutes a major program requiring the
continuing mobilization and sensitization of all active social groups in the na-
tion, aimed at this objective of major interest.

Regenerating the Ecological Environment
For example, the plateau region of the country deserves a broad program for the

regeneration of the ecological environment, because it is a region of prairies,
which presents enormous social and economic advantages.

23



Some Zambians who had studied there were among those who spreading foreign
ideologies in the place of Humanism. This was an indication that the college

was not doing enough.

The college was meant to play a decisive role in shaping Zambia's political
system,

The Prime Minister who was addressing a crowd that welcomed him when he
arrived to inspect preparations for the tenth anniversary celebrations on
Tuesday, said the college was meant to make Zambians not appendages of either
the East or the West.

It was necessary to intensify the teaching of the country's own ideology.
Zambian advocates of foreign ideologies made noise to create the impression
that people were capitalists.

One of the gifts Dr Kaunda had given Zambians was the philosophy of Humanism--
an ideology whose teaching ought to be stepped up in institutions of learning.
"Once we do that then we would have achieved our goal."

Meanwhile, Mr Mundia called on Kabwe residents to strengthen the Party at
grassroot level for continued peace and stability.

He told a gathering in Liwangwa ward that the job of organising the Party was
important. Leaders should understand its programmes and policies since these
were the basis of a strong Party.

At Mr Davy Gordon's farm in Chisamba, he directed the Ministry of Coopera~
tives to fully utilise Zambia Railways to haul maize and other crops to
avoid wastage.

Mr Mundia said storage depots were located along the line and wondered why
truckers which were destroying the roads were being used instead of Zambia
Railways.

Mr Mundia, who also visited Mr Anthony Georgio's farm called on the Ministry

of Cooperatives to ensure that Government, plans and policies were imple-
mented.--TIMES reporter/ZANA.

CSO: 3400/963

88



COUNTERREVOLUTIONARIES CONDEMNED--Two individuals were recently sentenced to
death by firing squad in the Court of the Third Military Region; they had been
found guiltyof collorating with puppet groups supported bySouth Africa. The

two men are Abilio Sindaco, aged 37, a medical technician at the Central Hospital
co Cunge (Bie), and Paulo Segunda (Negrita). In addition to taking part in armed
actions, they gave financial and material aid to the puppet group and persuaded
others to join the band. The court also sentenced defendants Albino Jose
Mahamba, Armando Terceiro Chimue and Jose Chelo to 8, 5 and 3 years of imprison-~
ment, respectively. Jose Chelo had a "lavra" [ farm], within which the puppets
deposited their letters to Sindaco and Segunda. A sixth defendant, Moises
Salomao, a native of Bie, was found innocent of collaboration with the puppet
groups and was released. Jeronimo Domingos, Pedro Pezo Sambanga and David
Chimbunguela received light sentences, respectively, of 2 years, 6 months and

2 years in prison, in consideration of their advanced age. Anciao Pedro
Sequeira, aged 70, was sentenced to 12 months of correctional prison, in con-
sideration of his age. Abrao Cassanga, a native of Bie, a former lieutenant

in the band, was sentenced to 6 years in a major prison. Cassange confessed

that he had joined the group in 1976; he was trained in Canguma and later
specialized in mines and explosives at the "Doge City" [sic] school in Namibia.
He admitted to receiving instruction from South African officers, with 37 other
colleagues. whowere taken to that territory, which is illegally occupied by
Pretoria. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 4 May 84 p 1] 6362

FRANCE DONATES MEDICINE=--A French donation of 2.5 tons of medicines and other
material was presented to the Health Ministry late yesterday morning in Luanda,

by the French ambassador accredited in Angola. The medicines, destined for

the victims of the heavy rains that fell in the city of Luanda in the last quarter,
consist . of antibiotics, dressings and aspirin, among other items. According

to Diego Ventura, national director of medicines, some of the material will

also be distributed to various provinces in the:country. [Excerpt] [Luanda

JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 27 Apr 84 p 3] [Article by Felipe Santos] 6362

CSO: 3442/360



UPPER VOLTA

SNEAHV AGITATION AGAINST CNR REVIEWED
Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French No 822, 16 Mar 84 pp 13-14
[Article by Luc-Adolphe Tiao]

[Text] Did the mobilization of the CDR's [Committees for the Defense of the
Revolution] against the reactionary executive board of the SNEAHV (National
Union of African Teachers of Upper Volta) reach its conclusion with the arrest
of two of the board's members? As Maj Jean-Baptiste Lingani, minister of de-
fense and veterans, said, the members of the SNEAHV board were arrested for
subversion rather than for union activities.

It must be recognized that in the case before us, it is hard to draw the line
between those two activities, the simple reason being that since August, the
SNEAHV has been using union activities as a cover for political activism di-
rected against the CNR [National Council of the Revolution]. Its attitude
does not really surprise anyone, considering that the unions in Upper Volta
have been the standard bearers for certain political parties. It is no secret
from anyone that since its establishment, the SNEAHV has been dominated by the
reformist group in the MLN-FPV [National Liberation Movement-Upper Voltan Pro-
gressive Front]. That is why several reasons lead us to the further conclusion
that the SNEAHV's reactionary board is engaged in an underhanded campaign of
political undermining.

On 7 August 1983, at the conclusion of the 28th congress (which was held from

2 to 7 August), in a motion concerning the national situation, the SNEAHV called
on the Upper Voltan people to "dissociate themselves from the proclamation of

4 August and its CNR, which is only another name for the fascism already made
famous by the first version of the CNR." Up to that point, however, the CNR
had not done anything to justify that hasty and subjective analysis.

Manipulators of SNEAHV

Actually, that stand does not surprise anyone. Because with the revolution of
August, the dream of the SNEAHV's manipulators to bring their masters in the
FPV back into power was shattered. As good warriors, however, they have not
given up, all the more since under the umbrella provided by the union movement,
they can engage in their agitation without too much anxiety. According to
their hypocritical logic, the CNR, which claims to be a people's government,
cannot go to war against the workers' organizations.

59



Hanns Seidel Foundation received him with open arms, Ever since then, Man-
dungu has spoken flawless German—with an unmistakably Bavarian accent.

Thus chastened’ and converted from a leftwing rebel to an adherent to
Strauss' views, Mandungu became the Bavarians' advance man in Kinshasa,
He made a quick career for himself, becoming mayor of the capital and
then minister for planning and foreign affairs and at length governor of
Shaba province, the former province of Katanga, where the wealth of Cen-
tral Africa lies buried: copper, cobalt, tin and diamonds, -

Their man was in the right spot; ever since, the CSU has found all the
doors open. The Bavarians, for their part, appointed Mandungu head of the
"Fondation Hanns-Seidel Zaire." Relations thrived to such an extent that
Mobutu sent his daughter to spend her vacation in Bavaria with the Lengl
family at Rottach/Egern.

4s executive director of the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Leng] himself was
always received with the appropriate pomp and circumstance on his frequent
visits to Zaire. On one occasion, he was accompanied by a four-man Bavar-
ian band; on another occasion, his private architect who had helped build
his house and that of many another CSU official came along at foundation
expense to serve as an adviser to Kinshasa, .

In fact, there were quite a few things that were remarkable about Lengl's
visits, which usually lasted from Thursday night until the following Wed-
nesday morning. Unlike other visitors, Lengl rarely exchanged money at his
hotel. Part of the cost of his stay was assumed by the city—at least as
long as Mandungu Bula was mayor of Kinshasa.

And as for spending money, that, too, was handled in an unconventional
manner, In 1979, Mandungu was heard to ask his Munich visitor at the
mayor's office in his broad Bavarian dialects: "Do you need any money,
Sigi ?" Sigi did and the mayor shoved a 6—centimeter thick bundle of
green Zairian bills, tied together with a piece of string, across his
desk, In contrast to reports by eyewitnesses, Lengl claims he cannot re-
member the incident, He never received any money either from the city of
Kinshasa or from the Zairian government, he says. To be sure, he bought
things for his friend Mandungu in Europe from time to time—and Mandungu
paid for them,

It was an open secret that Leng] regularly kept his schedule open on the
Monday prior to leaving and drove to the missionary station of Sainte
Anne in the center of Kinshasa, This had even come to attention of Presi~
dent Mobutu's “inner circle." On one occasion, Mobutu's cabinet secretary
inquired of the Hanns Seidel Foundation what the important business was
which Lengl conducted at Sainte Anne on Mondays.

75



GUINEA-BISSAU

FOOD SECURITY OFFICE PREPARES FOR 1984-1985 CROP SEASON
Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 7 Apr 84 p 2

[Text] The Food Security Office [GSA] has already started preparations for the
1984-1985 agricultural season, according to a-statement-last Thursday by com-
rade Ibrahima Dieme, director-of the Food Security Project under the Secretatiat
of State for Planning and International Cooperation.

In an interview with our newspaper, the director said that the state agency has
many projects to carry out. Two of them are in the southern part of the cqun-
try, specifically in the regions of.-Quinara and Tombali, where warehouses to
store products are being built, Construction is behind schedule because the
German technictans responsible for conclusion of the work are out of the country.

In the case of the project for building the port of Npungda, which will permit
a better movement of agricultural products, he said that work is to begin with.
the resumption of the projects for which the GSA ts responsible.

He said that the objective of the GSA is not to request food aid, but to pro-
mote self-sufficiency in food by increasing production-and productivity, The
director of the GSA also mentioned the failure of commercial firms, specifically
the People's Warehouses, to provide information concerning the distribution of
essential items.

Dieme explained: "We now have an openaccount at the National Bank, This will
enable us to use the fund in question, by mutual agreement, for financing a
number of projects. This is a change from the previous situation, when the
proceeds from the sale of those products were going to thé National Investment
Fund."

11798
CSO: 3442/353

45



The potential for fishing in Guinea-Bissau's waters is estimated at about
300,000 tons annually with no danger to the ecological equilibrium.

Imports represent over 30 percent of the GDP, while exports, which total be-
tween $12 million and $14 million annually, do not even amount to 9 percent.

Guinea-Bissau's chief exports are peanuts, fish, shrimp, sawnwood, and coconut.

The Secretariat of State for Planning believes that over the next 3 years, the
trade deficit will worsen or, at best, stabilize.

At the end of 1982, medium- and long-term debt totaled $182.1 million. The
National Bank of Guinea-Bissau's foreign debt is owed chiefly to Portuguese,
French, and Brazilian banks.

It is in that context that the Republic of Guinea-Bissau is now saying that an
increase in foreign aid, particularly short-term.aid, is needed despite the
existence of available credit amounting to several tens of millions of dollars.

Service of the foreign debt will remain slightly above $6 million through 1986,

representing a sizable percentage of the value of exports and placing an enor-
mous burden on the Guinea-Bissau economy.

11798
cso; 3442/348

47



and those being administered. On the other hand, if the prefects do make
these visits, tours for increasing awareness and contact, I think this will
enable the them to better grasp the situation, create harmony in work, and
better understand those under their administration.

ATP: Security is becoming more and more an observable reality in Chad.
However, some administrators complain of lack of cooperation with the military
authorities, which often operate more as soldiers than people with political
responsibility. Has your more than a year in Interior enabled you to find a
specific way to tackle these problems?

Taher Guinassou: The security situation and the cooperation between the
civilian and military authorities has evolved considerably, and in a
satisfying way. I believe that at this meeting of prefects, in which the
minister of defense and many other ministers will be closely involved, there
will be particular stress on the necessity for close and frank cooperation
between the civilian and military authorities of the various districts. The
subject is also on the agenda of the meeting, which will provide an
opportunity to reaffirm the limits of responsibility of the various parties
in the general interest of the country.

ATP: In the past, Interior played a leading role, often eclipsing other
departments. We do not feel that this is still the case, today. Why? Is it
because the country has been at war, or is it instead a strategy to reduce
the role of this department?

Taher Guinassou: Although the Department of Interior does assume a leading
role, I do not go along with the idea that it eclipses other departments. I
do not know what period you are thinking about in your observations. The
situation in our country has evolved in a very distinct way, in comparison to
the other situations we have experienced. However, I can say that the
financial constraints imposed by the demands of national reconstruction
explain certain deficiencies in the territorial administration and the
Ministry of Interior as a whole.

I will cite as an example to explain this the case of some prefectures that
have only one or two vehicles. Thus, this situation of lack of resources
risks harming our activities. That is in no way the result of a strategy to
reduce the role of the department. The government as a whole, and
particularly President of the Republic Comrade Hissein Habre, assign major
importance to this ministry, an importance reflected in the concern of each
ministry and the presidency to support the Department of Interior to enable it
to maintain security and order throughout the country.

ATP: The government of the Third Republic places particular emphasis on
restoration of the traditional chieftaincy.: Without questioning the
effectiveness of its role, do you think this is in accord with the policy of
an administration being close to the people?

Taher Guinassou: I do not believe there has been a restoration of the
traditional chieftaincy, but rather a concern to put back in operation all
territorial administration. The traditional chieftaincy is very important at

10