Framework DocumentforU.S.DepartmentofEnergyAppliances andCommercialEquipmentStandards ProgramFrameworkDocumentforBatteryChargersandExternalPowerSuppliesThursday,July16,2009Washington,DChttp://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/battery_external.htmlWelcome•Introductions•RoleoftheFacilitator•GroundRules (norms)–Listenas anally–Useshort,succinctstatements/keeptothepoint–Holdsidebarconversations outsidetheroom–Focus onissues,notpersonalities–Onepersonspeak atatime(raisehandtoberecognized;stateyournamefortherecord)–Setcellphones tosilent/vibrate•HousekeepingItems•AgendaReview•OpeningRemarks2the resentationsIntroductionListeningViatheWebcast•TheDepartmentis broadcastingthis meetingliveovertheInternet.•DOEis providingthewebcasttoaccommodatestakeholders thatareunabletoattendthepublic meeting•Thewebbroadcastallows stakeholders tolisteninandviewtheslides ofthepresentationsp•Howeverthesestakeholders willbeunabletosubmitcomments orquestions viathewebbroadcast.•Onlystakeholders physicallyinattendancemayposequestions orprovidecomments duringthepublic meeting.•Allstakeholders areencouragedtosubmitwrittencomments afterthepublic meeting.3Introduction9:00am–9:05am9:05am–9:10am9:10am–9:25am9:25am–9:40am9:40am–10:10am10:10am–10:25am10:25am–11:40am11:40am–12:30pm12:30pm–1:30pmMorningAgendaWelcomeIntroductionandAgendaReviewRegulatoryOverviewEnergyConservationStandardsRulemakingStakeholderCommentsBreakScopeofAnalysisTestProceduresLunch(onyourown)4Introduction1:30pm–1:45pm1:45pm–1:55pm1:55pm–2:15pm2:15pm–2:35pm2:35pm–2:45pm2:45pm–3:05pm3:05pm–3:20pm3:20pm–3:30pm3:30pm–3:45pm3:45pm–4:00pm4:00pm–4:30pmAfternoonAgendaMarketAssessmentProductPriceDeterminationEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterizationTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisBreakPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisLife­CycleCostAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisNextStepsandClosingRemarks5ee ora comments rom part c pants an wr tten comments romIntroductionThePurposeoftheFrameworkDocumentPublicMeeting•PresentstakeholderswithanoverviewoftheStatuteandallDepartmentalactionsforBCandEPS•Presenttheframework1forenergyconservationstandardsforBCsandEPSs•S k lf i i d ifeeoracommentsfromparticipantsandwrittencommentsromstakeholdersonproposedmethodologiesandrequirements•Discussandrespondtospecificissuesorquestionsrelatedtotheproposal1AvailablefordownloadfromDOE’s webpageforBCs andEPSs:http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/battery_external.html6IntroductionIssuesforCommentIssueBoxTheDepartmentwelcomescomments,data,andinformationregardingBCandEPSenergyconservationstandards.Throughoutthispresentationspecificissueswillbebroughtupfordiscussiononslidessuchasthis.Nonetheless,commentsaboutanypartofthedocumentsorpresentationarewelcome.Item00NumbereditemscorrespondtoissuesforcommentintheFrameworkDocument.AdditionalItemNon­numberedadditionalitemssupplementtheissuesforcommentintheFrameworkDocument.7IntroductionDOERequestsFeedbackEspeciallyonIssuesIdentifiedinHandoutMaterialsInallcorrespondence,pleaserefertotheBatteryChargersandExternalPowerSuppliesFrameworkDocumentby–Framework DocumentforBatteryChargers andExternalPowerSupplies,–DocketNumberEERE­2008­BT­STD­0005,and–RegulatoryIdentificationNumber(RIN)1904­AB57Email:BC&EPS_ECS@ee.doe.govPostalMail:Courier:Ms.BrendaEdwardsMs.BrendaEdwardsU.S.DepartmentofEnergyU.S.DepartmentofEnergyBuildingTechnologies Program,BuildingTechnologies ProgramMailstopEE­2J950L’EnfantPlaza,S.W.,6thFloor1000IndependenceAvenue,SWWashington,DC20024Washington,DC20585­0121Telephone:(202)586­2945CommentperiodclosesJuly20,20098MorningAgenda9:00am–9:05amWelcome9:05am–9:10amIntroductionandAgendaReview9:10am–9:25amRegulatoryOverview9:25am–9:40amEnergyConservationStandardsRulemaking9:40am–10:10amStakeholderComments10:10am–10:25amBreak10:25am–11:40amScopeofAnalysis11:40am–12:30pmTestProcedures12:30pm–1:30pmLunch(onyourown)9RegulatoryOverviewSummaryofRegulatoryOverviewSection•ReviewcongressionaldirectionandDOEreactions•PresentpastandfutureDOEactions•PresentatimelineofDOEmilestones10e page.RegulatoryOverviewOnJune4,2009DOEPublishedaNoticeofPublicMeetingandAvailabilityofaFrameworkDocumentforBC­EPSWb11Webpage.http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/battery_external.html•Thenoticeis at74FR26816.•ThePublic Meetingis today.•TheFramework DocumentcanbedownloadedfromtheBCEPSRegulatoryOverviewDOE’sStatutoryAuthorityforBC­EPSComesfromCongress’sAmendmentstoEPCA•TheEnergyPolicyActof2005(EPACT)amendedtheEnergyPolicyandConservationAct(EPCA),addingBCsandEPSstotheappliancestandardsprogram.•TheEnergyIndependenceandSecurityActof2007(EISA)furtheramendedEPCAresultinginthecurrentrulemaking.EnergyPolicyandConservationActof1975(EPCA)EnergyPolicyActof2005(EPACT)EnergyIndependenceandSecurityActof2007(EISA)DepartmentofEnergy12ProceduresRegulatoryOverviewEnergyPolicyActof2005InitiatedBC­EPSRulemakingsTestProceduresDeterminations20122006201120102009200820072013EPACT2005AllBCsandEPSs•EPACT2005definedBCs andEPSs•DOEPublishedtestprocedures forBCs andEPSs171FR78389AllBCsandEPSsBCs andEPSs•DOEinitiateddeterminationanalysisonBCs andEPSs13ProceduresRegulatoryOverviewEnergyIndependenceandSecurityActof2007TestProceduresDeterminations1Section310(3)ofEISAamends Section325ofEPCA(42U.S.C.6295)20122006201120102009200820072013•DefinedClass AEPSs•SetstandardforClass AEPSsEISA2007EPACT2005AllBCsandEPSs•SetstandardforClass AEPSs•Definedstandbyandoffmodes1•AltereddeterminationanalysisAllBCsandEPSs14_–*RegulatoryOverviewEISASetStandardsforClassAEPSsThatBecameEffectiveJuly1,20081NameplateOutputActiveModeRequiredEfficiency(decimalequivalentofapercentage)<1Watt0.5*(nameplate_output)1–51Watts0.5+0.09*ln(nameplate)nameplate_output>51Watts0.85NameplateOutputNo­LoadModeMaximumConsumption≤250Watts0.5Watts1Section301(a)(1)(B)ofEISAamends Section321ofEPCA(42U.S.C.6291)15ProceduresMultiple­­RegulatoryOverviewDOETestProceduresforStandby&OffModesEISA2007EPACT2005TestProceduresDeterminations20122006201120102009200820072013•NOPRpublishedAugust15,20081•Standbyandoffmodetestprocedure•Multiple­voltageEPStestprocedureAllBCsandEPSsStandbyandoffmodes16•MultiplevoltageEPStestprocedure•Public meetingheldSept.12,2008•FinalRulepublishedMarch27,2009AllBCsandEPSsMultiplevoltage(NOPRonly)173FR48053ProceduresMultipleRegulatoryOverviewDOEIsAddressingNon­ClassAEPSsEISA2007EPACT2005200720092010201120122013TestProceduresMultiplevoltage(NOPRonly)DeterminationsStandards20062008AllBCsandEPSsStandbyandoffmodesAllBCsandEPSsEPSsoutsideofClassA•DeterminationduebyDecember19,200917Procedures•Framework document ublished June 4, 2009Standbyand offmodesEPSs outside ofClass AMultiplevoltageRegulatoryOverviewDOEIsDevelopingStandardsforBCsandClassAEPSsEISA2007EPACT2005TestProceduresDeterminationsStandards174FR2681620122006201120102009200820072013AllBCsandEPSsStandbyandoff•Framework documentpublishedJune4,2009118AllBCsandEPSsAllBCsClassAEPSs­p•Public MeetingToday•PreliminaryAnalysis,NOPRtofollow•FinalruleduebyJuly1,2011ProceduresMultipleEISA2007EPACT2005RegulatoryOverviewEISADirectsDOEtoRevisitStandardsforClassAEPSs20062007200820092010201120122013TestProceduresStandbyandoffmodesAllBCsandEPSsEPSsoutsideofClassAAllBCsClassAEPSs•FinalruleduebyJuly1,2015ClassAEPSsMultiplevoltage(NOPRonly)AllBCsandEPSsDeterminationsStandards19RegulatoryOverviewTimelineofMilestonesforBCandEPSRulemakings2005200620072008200920102011...PastDOEMilestonesDateAchievedStandardsforClassAEPSsApplicableJuly1,2008StandbyandOffModeTestProcedureIssuedMarch27,2009FutureDOEMilestonesTargets/DeadlinesDeterminationonNon­ClassAEPSsIssuedDecember19,2009EnergyConservationStandardsNOPRIssuedBCActiveModeTestProcedureIssued*October31,2010EnergyConservationStandardsFinalRuleIssuedJuly1,2011*TheBatteryChargerActiveModeTestProcedureis underconsideration20RegulatoryOverviewTimelineofMilestonesforBCandEPSRulemakings(continued)...2011201220132014201520162017DOEMilestoneDeadlineEnergyConservationStandards FinalRuleIssuedJuly 1,2011Standards ApplicableforEPSs,possiblyBCsJuly 1,2013EnergyConservationStandards FinalRuleIssuedJuly 1,2015Standards ApplicableJuly 1,201721MorningAgenda9:00am–9:05amWelcome9:05am–9:10amIntroductionandAgendaReview9:10am–9:25amRegulatoryOverview9:25am–9:40amEnergyConservationStandardsRulemaking9:40am–10:10amStakeholderComments10:10am–10:25amBreak10:25am–11:40amScopeofAnalysis11:40am–12:30pmTestProcedures12:30pm–1:30pmLunch(onyourown)22•Discuss anal tical re uirements for each sta e of the rulemakinEnergyConservationStandardsRulemakingSummaryofEnergyConservationStandardsRulemakingSection•PresentalistanddescriptionofanalysesrequiredduringtheEnergyConservationStandardsrulemaking•Discussanalyticalrequirementsforeachstageoftherulemakingq23EnergyConservationStandardsRulemakingTheEPCADirectsDOEtoConsiderSevenFactorsWhenSettingEnergyConservationStandardsEPCAFactorsDOEAnalysis1.Economic impactonconsumers andmanufacturersLife­cyclecostanalysisManufacturerimpactanalysis2.LifetimeoperatingcostsavingsLife­cyclecostanalysis3.TotalprojectedenergysavingsprojectedsavingsNationalimpactanalysis4.ImpactonutilityorperformanceEngineeringanalysisScreeninganalysis5.ImpactofanylesseningofcompetitionManufacturerimpactanalysis6.NeedfornationalenergyconservationNationalimpactanalysis7.Otherfactors theSecretaryconsiders relevantEnvironmentalassessmentUtilityimpactanalysisEmploymentimpactanalysis24•To discuss specific issues related to the analysisEnergyConservationStandardsRulemakingStepsintheStandardsRulemaking:FrameworkDocumentFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRuleEffectiveDatePreliminaryAnalysis•Topresentmethodologiesforthepreliminaryanalysis•Todiscussspecificissuesrelatedtotheanalysis•Toseekinputfromattendeesonmethodologies,assumptions,datasources25EnergyConservationStandardsRulemakingStepsintheStandardsRulemaking:PreliminaryAnalysisFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRuleEffectiveDatePreliminaryAnalysis•TopresentpreliminaryresultsandplannedmethodologyforNOPRanalyses•Todiscussspecificissuesrelatedtotheanalysis•Toseekadditionalinputfromattendeesonmethodologies,assumptions,datasources26Market andEnergyConservationStandardsRulemakingSummaryofPreliminaryAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRuleEffectiveDatePreliminaryAnalysis27NationalImpactAnalysisEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationMarketandTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisProductPriceDeterminationLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis27EnergyConservationStandardsRulemakingStepsintheStandardsRulemaking:NOPRFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRuleEffectiveDatePreliminaryAnalysis•TopresentNOPRresults•Toproposeenergyconservationstandardsproposeconservationstandards•Tofurtherdiscussspecificissuesrelatedtotheanalysis•ToseekfurtherinputontheNOPRfromattendees28EnergyConservationStandardsRulemakingSummaryofNOPRAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRuleEffectiveDatePreliminaryAnalysis29EnvironmentalAssessmentLife­CycleCostSubgroupAnalysisManufacturerImpactAnalysisUtilityImpactAnalysisEmploymentImpactAnalysisRegulatoryImpactAnalysisRevisePreliminaryAnalyses29EnergyConservationStandardsRulemakingStepsintheStandardsRulemaking:FinalRuleFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRuleEffectiveDatePreliminaryAnalysis•Topublishenergyconservationstandards•StandardswillbepublishedbyJuly1,2011.StandardspublishedFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRuleEffectiveDatePreliminaryAnalysis•StandardswillbeeffectiveforproductsmanufacturedonorafterJuly1,2013.30MorningAgenda9:00am–9:05amWelcome9:05am–9:10amIntroductionandAgendaReview9:10am–9:25amRegulatoryOverview9:25am–9:40amEnergyConservationStandardsRulemaking9:40am–10:10amStakeholderComments10:10am–10:25amBreak10:25am–11:40amScopeofAnalysis11:40am–12:30pmTestProcedures12:30pm–1:30pmLunch(onyourown)31ParticipantCommentsParticipantComments•Participants whocontactedtheDepartmentofEnergy torequestanopportunity toissuecomments ontheFramework Documentmayspeak now.32MorningAgenda9:00am–9:05amWelcome9:05am–9:10amIntroductionandAgendaReview9:10am–9:25amRegulatoryOverview9:25am–9:40amEnergyConservationStandardsRulemaking9:40am–10:10amStakeholderComments10:10am–10:25amBreak10:25am–11:40amScopeofAnalysis11:40am–12:30pmTestProcedures12:30pm–1:30pmLunch(onyourown)33BreakBreak•Wewillresumethepublic meetingin15minutes.34MorningAgenda9:00am–9:05amWelcome9:05am–9:10amIntroductionandAgendaReview9:10am–9:25amRegulatoryOverview9:25am–9:40amEnergyConservationStandardsRulemaking9:40am–10:10amStakeholderComments10:10am–10:25amBreak10:25am–11:40amScopeofAnalysis11:40am–12:30pmTestProcedures12:30pm–1:30pmLunch(onyourown)35ScopeofAnalysisSummaryofScopeofAnalysisSectionTheScopeisimportantbecauseitaffects:•Theproductsaffectedbythestandard•TheanalysisthatdeterminesthestandardThissectionwill:•Presentthedefinitionsthatframethescopeoftheanalysis•Posequestionsonhowtointerpretthedefinitions•ProposeapproachesforDOE’sinterpretationsAdditionalItemDOEwelcomescommentsonthescopeoftherulemaking.36ower su l circuit that is used to convertScopeofAnalysisEISARequirementsandStatutoryDefinitionsEISArequiresDOEtoprescribeafinalrulefor:(42U.S.C.6295)(u)(1)(E)(i)(I))•ExternalPowerSupplies:“anexternalpowersupplycircuitthatisusedtoconverthouseholdelectriccurrentintoDCcurrentorlower­voltageACcurrenttooperateaconsumerproduct.”(42U.S.C.6291(36))•BatteryChargers:“adevicethatchargesbatteriesforconsumerproducts,includingbatterychargersembeddedinconsumerproducts.”(42U.S.C.6291(32))37ScopeofAnalysisDOEDevelopedTermstoDifferentiatePhysicalFormsfromRegulatoryDefinitions•WallAdapter:anyexternalpoweradapterthatconnectsaconsumerproducttothehouseholdelectricsupply(ACmains).–Allwalladapters provideisolation–AllEPSs taketheformofwalladapters,butnotallwalladaptersarenecessarilyEPSs coveredbyDOE38WallAdaptersExternalPowerSupplies•Has nameplate output power≤250 wattsScopeofAnalysisDefinitionofClassAEPS1AClassAEPSisadevicethat:•Converts linevoltageACtoonlyonelower­voltageACorDCoutput•Powers aseparateend­useproduct•Is containedinaseparatephysicalenclosure•Is removableorpermanentlyattachedtotheend­useproduct•Has nameplateoutputpower≤250wattsButnotadevicethatpowersa:•Medicaldevice•Batterychargerforaproductthatis fullyorprimarilymotoroperated•Batterychargerforadetachablebatterypack,wherethebatteryis:–Containedinaseparateenclosurefromtheproduct–Intendedtoberemovedordisconnectedfromtheproductforrecharging1Section301(a)(1)(B)ofEISAamends Section321ofEPCA(42U.S.C.6291)39ScopeofAnalysisDifferencesBetweenClassAEPSsandnon­ClassAEPSsClassAEPSs•Constitutethemajorityofshipments andestimatedenergyconsumption•SubjecttoEISAefficiencystandards,effectiveJuly1,2008.NonClassAEPSs•ConsistofEPSs thatfalloutsideofClass A:–Highpower,multipleoutputs,orspecializedend­useapplications•SubjecttoDOEdeterminationanalysis onnon­Class AEPSs(rulemakingcurrentlyinprogress)•Maybecombinedwiththis rulemakinggivenapositivedetermination–PossiblefuturestandardswouldthencoverBCsandallEPSs40ypeey  rase  romass      e n onScopeofAnalysisDOEisAlsoConductingaDeterminationAnalysisforFourTypesofNon­ClassAEPSs•EISAdirectsDOEto“issueafinalrulethatdetermineswhetherenergyconservationstandardsshallbeissuedforexternalpowersuppliesorclassesofexternalpowersupplies.”TKPhfClAEPSDfiitiypeeyraseromassefinitionMulti­voltage•[does not]converttoonlyoneoutputvoltageatatime;HighPower•[does nothave]nameplateoutputpowerthatis less thanorequalto250watts.Medical•requires listingas amedicaldeviceEPSforBC•powers thechargerofadetachablebatterypackorchargesthebatteryofaproductthatis fullyorprimarilymotoroperated.Takenfrom42U.S.C.6291(36)41ScopeofAnalysisDetachableBatteriesandMotor­OperatedProducts•Fourthtypeofnon­ClassAEPSdependsoninterpretationof“detachablebattery”and“motor­operated”•DOEinterprets“detachablebattery”asabatterywhollyoutsidethephysicalboundariesoftheend­useproductandintendedtobedisconnectedfromproductforrecharging.disconnectedproductrecharging.Item6DOErequestscommentonitsinterpretationofthedefinitionof“detachablebattery,”andtheimpactonEPSsexcludedfromClassA.•DOEisonlyawareofmotor­operatedproductsthatusedetachablebatteries.Item5DOEwelcomescommentonanyproductswithdetachablebatteriesthatarenotmotoroperated,thewalladaptersofwhichshouldalsobeexcludedfromClassAEPSstandards.42Scope of AnalysisDOE Developed Terms to Differentiate PhysicalForms from Regulatory Definitions•Battery charging system:refers to all the components necessaryto charge and maintain a battery, including:–wall adapter;–battery; and–cradle or charging base;  –consumer product(if battery is integral)–All BCs are part of a battery charging system, but not all components ofa battery charging system are necessarily BCsBatteryChargingSystemsBatteryChargers43ScopeofAnalysisIssuesforInterpretationwiththeDefinitionofBatteryCharger“adevicethatcharges batteries forconsumerproducts,includingbattery chargers embeddedinconsumerproducts.”(42U.S.C.6291(32))BatteryCharger•Arewalladaptersincludedinthebatterychargerdefinition?adaptersincludedbatterychargerdefinition?•Arebatteriesincludedinthebatterychargerdefinition?•Forapplicationswithbatterychargersandotherfunctionality,howcanDOEisolatethebatterychargingfunctionfromotherfunctionsforastandard?44ScopeofAnalysisScopeofBatteryChargersIncludesProductswithDCInputPower•TheBCdefinitiondoesnotspecifythetypeofinputpower•DCinputpowersourcesinclude:–USBports–Cigarettelighterreceptacles incarsItem4DOEseekscommentsonincludingDC­poweredbatterychargerswithinthescopeoftheBCstandardsrulemaking.45S stemsScope of AnalysisGraphical Representation of the Scopes of theEPS and BC StandardsClearly EPSClearly BCWall AdaptersBattery ChargingSystemsExternalPowerBatterySuppliesChargers46S stemsScopeofAnalysisThereAreThreePotentialOutcomesfromtheOverlapofScopesBetweenEPSsandBCsWallAdaptersBatteryChargingSystemsClearlyBC47yExternalPowerSuppliesBatteryChargers(1)EPSispartofabatterychargingsystem(2)BCincludesawalladapter(3)BothanEPSandpartofaBCClearlyEPSInterpretationScopeofAnalysisExamplesofBatteryChargingSystemsPoweredbyWallAdaptersWallAdapterConsumerProductACMainsWallAdapterWallAdapterConsumerProductACMainsACMains48ScopeofAnalysisSomeWallAdaptersIncludeMoreCircuitryThanJustAC/DCConversion•ShouldDOEconsiderwalladapterswithchargecontrolasEPSs?“anexternalpowersupply circuitthatis usedtoconverthouseholdelectric currentintoDCcurrentorlower­voltageACcurrenttooperateaconsumerproduct.”(42U.S.C.6291(36))ExternalPowerSupply•WalladaptermayprovideadditionalfunctionalityforbatterychargingbeyondwhatiscontainedinEPCAdefinition:–Currentandtemperaturesensing–Currentlimiting49WallAdapterAC/DCConversionChargeControlWallAdapterAC/DCConversionChargeControl2.Voltage regulation: How the output voltage of the wall adapter variesScopeofAnalysisIdentifyingChargeControlFunctionalityinaWallAdapter•DOEisconsideringpossiblecriteriatohelpidentifythosewalladaptersthatperformchargecontrolfunctions:1.Short­circuitoperation:Howthewalladapterperforms whenashort­circuitloadis applied.2.Voltageregulation:Howtheoutputvoltageofthewalladaptervariesatdifferentloadingconditions.3.No­loadvoltage:Theoutputvoltageofthewalladapteratnoloadrelativetothenameplateoutputvoltage.4.No­Batteryoperation:Howtheapplicationoperates withthebatteries removedandthewalladapterconnected.Item13DOEisseekinginputontheseandanyadditionalcriteriaitshouldconsiderindeterminingthepresenceofwalladapterchargecontrolfunctions.50Output Voltage [Vol s]ScopeofAnalysisExample:WallAdapterswithLooseVoltageRegulation/ShortCircuitProtection•Outputparametersfortwowalladaptersforportableelectronicapplications65432105 V,1 AGenericWall Adapter5V,0.7ACellularWallAdapter0%25%50%75%100%PercentageofNameplateOutputCurrent

Output Voltage [Volt s]51ScopeofAnalysisIssueforCommentItem10DOEwelcomescommentonadditionalfunctionalitywelcomescommentadditionalfunctionalityprovidedbysomewalladaptersforbatterychargersthatmayimpedetheirabilitytomeetthesamestandardsascomparablewalladaptersforotherapplications(consideredEPSs).52ScopeofAnalysisForWallAdaptersWheretheScopeIsUnclearThereareTwoKeyQuestions1.ShouldawalladapterthatpowersabatterychargingsystembeconsideredanEPS?2.ShouldawalladapterthatpowersabatterychargingsystembeconsideredpartoftheBC?53(1)EPSispartofabatterychargingsystem(2)BCincludesawalladapter(3)BothanEPSandpartofaBCconsidered part of the BC?ScopeofAnalysisForWallAdaptersWheretheScopeIsUnclearThereareTwoKeyQuestions(cont.)•DOEidentifiedfourdistinctapproachestodealingwithwalladaptersthatpowerbatterychargingsystems.Q2:ShouldthewalladapterbeconsideredpartoftheBC?(a)Always(b)OnlyifchargecontrolQ1:ShouldthewalladapterbeconsideredanEPS?(a)Always(b)Notifchargecontrol(c)NeverApproachDApproachnotevaluated.ApproachAApproachCApproachBApproachnotevaluated.54considered part of the BC?ScopeofAnalysisForWallAdaptersWheretheScopeIsUnclearThereareTwoKeyQuestions(cont.)•ApproachAisDOE’spreferredapproach•Section3.2.3oftheframeworkdocumentexplainsallapproaches.Q2:ShouldthewalladapterbeconsideredpartoftheBC?(a)Always(b)OnlyifchargecontrolQ1:ShouldthewalladapterbeconsideredanEPS?(a)Always(b)Notifchargecontrol(c)NeverApproachDApproachnotevaluated.ApproachAApproachCApproachBApproachnotevaluated.55ScopeofAnalysisDetailsofApproachAKeyAC/DCConversionChargeControlEPSBCOverlap(bothBC&EPS)WallAdapterEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosuresWallAdapterOtherEnclosuresWallAdapterEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosuresEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosures•BCs includeallwalladapters•WalladapterswithoutchargecontroladapterswithoutcontrolareEPSs•Twostandards couldapply•WalladapterswithchargecontrolarenotEPSs•NeitherClass Anornon­Class A56ScopeofAnalysisDetailsofApproachA(cont.)Advantages•Harmonizes withpreviousinterpretationsDisadvantages•Twostandards couldincreasethecomplianceburden•Testingandregulationconsistentwithuse57ScopeofAnalysisDetailsofApproachBKeyAC/DCConversionChargeControlEPSBCOverlap(bothBC&EPS)WallAdapterEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosuresWallAdapterOtherEnclosuresWallAdapterEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosuresEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosures•BCs includeallwalladapters•Walladapters forbattery­usingadapters forbatteryproducts arenotEPSs58ScopeofAnalysisDetailsofApproachB(cont.)AdvantagesDisadvantages•Only onestandardperproduct•Is inconsistentwiththeEISAdefinitionofClass AEPSs•Does notharmonizewithprevious interpretations59ScopeofAnalysisDetailsofApproachCKeyAC/DCConversionChargeControlEPSBCOverlap(bothBC&EPS)WallAdapterEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosuresWallAdapterOtherEnclosuresWallAdapterEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosuresEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosures•BCs includeallwalladapters withchargecontrol•Walladapters withoutchargecontrolareEPSs60ScopeofAnalysisDetailsofApproachC(cont.)AdvantagesDisadvantages•Harmonizes withpreviousinterpretations•Twostandards ondifferentpartsofthebattery chargingsystemcouldincreasethecomplianceburden61ScopeofAnalysisDetailsofApproachDKeyAC/DCConversionChargeControlEPSBCOverlap(bothBC&EPS)WallAdapterEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosuresWallAdapterOtherEnclosuresWallAdapterEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosuresEnd­UseConsumerProductandAnyOtherEnclosures•BCs includeallwalladapters•Allwalladapters areEPSs,adapters areregardless ofchargecontrol•Twostandards couldapply62ScopeofAnalysisDetailsofApproachD(cont.)Advantages•Simplifies identificationofEPSsby relyingsolely onphysicalcharacteristicsDisadvantages•Twostandards couldincreasethecomplianceburden•May causecomplications withtestingwalladapters withchargecontrolas EPSs.63.ScopeofAnalysisCommentsontheFourApproaches•Allapproachesareexplainedingreaterdepthinsection3.2.3oftheframeworkdocument.Item9DOEseekscommentsonthefourapproachestointerpretingtheBCandEPSdefinitionstoresolveambiguitiesinthescopeoftheanalysesanalyses.Item11DOEwelcomescommentonthemanufacturerburdenofcompliancewithcurrentEISAClassAEPSstandardsundereachofthefourapproachesandseeksinformationonhowDOEcanminimizethisburdenwhileensuringthatthestandardsarebeingmetconsistentlybytheindustry.Item12DOEalsowelcomescommentonthelikelymanufacturerburdenofcompliancewithpossiblefutureEPSandBCstandardsundereachofthefourapproaches.Tothisend,DOEalsoseeksinformationfromtheindustryregardinghowthemonitoringofcompliancewiththesestandardscanbeaccomplished.64MorningAgenda9:00am–9:05amWelcome9:05am–9:10amIntroductionandAgendaReview9:10am–9:25amRegulatoryOverview9:25am–9:40amEnergyConservationStandardsRulemaking9:40am–10:10amStakeholderComments10:10am–10:25amBreak10:25am–11:40amScopeofAnalysis11:40am–12:30pmTestProcedures12:30pm–1:30pmLunch(onyourown)65–Multiple­Voltage EPS Test ProcedureTestProceduresSummaryofTestProceduresSection•SummaryofDOE’scurrentTestProcedures•UpdatestoBCandEPSTestProcedures–ReviewofBCandEPSStandbyandOffModeTestProcedures–ReviewoftheSingle­VoltageEPSTestProcedure–Multiple­VoltageEPSTestProcedure–BCActiveModeTestProcedure:•MeasurementofBCoutputenergy•Incorporationofusageprofiles•Reductionoftestingtime•Incorporationofdifferentdepths ofdischarge66TestProceduresTestProceduresIntroduction•DOEcurrentlyhastestproceduresforBCsandEPSs:•Onlyinactivemodemeasurement•Includes:maintenancemodeandno­batterymodeBCs1•Incorporates byreferencetheENERGYSTARtestprocedure2•Covers singlevoltageEPSsEPSs3•Incorporates byreferencetheENERGYSTARtestprocedure41.DOEtestprocedurelocatedinAppendixYtoSubpartBof10CFRPart4302.“TestMethodologyforDeterminingtheEnergyPerformanceofBatteryChargingSystems,”December20053.DOEtestprocedurelocatedinAppendixZtoSubpartBof10CFRPart4304.“TestMethodforCalculatingtheEnergyEfficiencyofSingle­VoltageExternalAC­DCandAC­ACPowerSupplies,”August11,2004.67Input Power (Illustrative)TestProceduresCurrentDOEBatteryChargerTestProcedure

Power (Illustrative)ChargingMaintenanceNoBatteryWallAdaptorPowerInOnly MeasuresInactiveModes0122436486072Time[Hours]

InputNomeasurementChargingBaseBatterycharging Empty Full

State of ChargeEmaintenanceEno­batt01224364860Time[Hours]7268average ofTestProceduresCurrentDOEExternalPowerSupplyTestProcedure1•Theexistingsingle­voltageEPStestmeasurementmeasuresaverageefficiencyinactivemodeandpowerconsumptioninno­loadmode.–Average100%efficiencyis theaverageof80%0%0%efficiency Efficiencymeasuredat25%,50%,75%,and60%40%100%ofnameplateoutputcurrent.20%–No­loadpowerismeasuredat0%of100%25%50%75%nameplateoutputcurrent.PercentageofNameplateOutputCurrent1.Section4(a)ofAppendixZtoSubpartBof10CFRPart43069–TestProceduresStandbyandOffModeTestProceduresforBothBCsandEPSs•Standbymode–On/offswitchsettoOn–One­hourtestperiod–Connectedtopowersource–DisconnectedfrombatteryorloadDisconnectedbattery•Ifbatteriesarenon­detachable,measureadapterorcradlealone•Offmode–On/offswitchsettoOff–One­hourtestperiod–Connectedtopowersource–Disconnectedfrombatteryorload•Ifbatteriesarenon­detachable,measureadapterorcradlealoneMainsEPSorBCEnergyInOnOffMainsEnergyInOnOffEPSorBC70­71TestProceduresSummaryofBCandEPSTestProceduresCoveredProductActiveStandbyInactiveOffModeProductClassModeModeModeClassAEPSGeneralApp.Z,Sec.3(a)andApp.Z,Sec.3(a)andApp.Z,Sec.3(a)N/ASwitchSelectableHigh­Power4(a)(i)4(a)(i)and4(a)(ii)NonClassAEPSHighPowerMedicalEPSsforBCsMultipleVoltageApp.Z,Sec.3(b)and4(b)(i)App.Z,Sec3(b)and4(b)(i)App.Z,Sec.3(b)and4(b)(ii)N/ABCGeneralPendingApp.Y,Sec.3and4(c)App.Y,Sec.3and4(d)App.Y,Sec.3and4(a)FinalRuleCitationsin10CFRPart430ProposedRule71TestProceduresUpdatestoBCandEPSTestProcedures•DOEmayupdateitsBCandEPStestprocedure:–ReviewofBCandEPSStandbyandOffModeTestProcedures–ReviewoftheSingle­VoltageEPSTestProcedure–Multiple­VoltageEPSTestProcedure–BCActiveModeTestProcedureQ4Q1Q2Q1Q4Q3Q3Q220092010201172–TestProceduresReviewofStandbyandOffModeTestProcedures•DOEisconsideringmodifyingthetestprocedureusingsuggestionsfromstakeholdercommentsreceivedduringthe2008standbyandoffmodetestprocedurerulemaking–Stakeholders suggesteddecreasingthe1hourmeasurementperiod–DOEis consideringthefollowingtestingperiod:is consideringfollowingtestingperiod:•30minutewarm­uptoachievethermalstability•10minutemeasurement–Nootherchanges tostandbyandoffarecurrentlyunderconsiderationAdditionalItemTheDepartmentinvitesstakeholdercommentsonchangestothestandbyandoffmodemeasurementperiod.73all data lines during testingTestProceduresReviewofSingle­VoltageEPSTestProcedure•DOEisconsideringamendingitssingle­voltageEPStestproceduretoaccommodatetestingofUSB­compliantwalladapters–Testprocedurerequires disconnectionofalldatalines duringtesting–USBwalladapters mayrequiredatalinestocommunicatewiththeirloads•DisconnectingthedatalinesmayimpactmaximumcurrentsuppliedbythewalladapterAdditionalItemTheDepartmentinvitesstakeholdercommentsonchangestothesingle­voltageEPStestproceduretoaccommodateUSB­compliantwalladapters.74TestProceduresMultipleVoltageEPSTestProcedure(cont.)•DOEproposedatestprocedureformultiple­voltageEPSsduringthe2008standbyandoffmodetestprocedurerulemaking–Stakeholders commentedthataveragingefficiencymeasurements at25%,50%,75%,and100%ofnameplateoutputwas notrepresentativeofEPSefficiencyduringtypicaluse100%0%20%40%60%80%100%

Efficiency100%25%50%75%PercentageofNameplateOutputCurrent0%75TestProceduresMultipleVoltageEPSTestProcedure(cont.)•DOEisconsideringmeasuringefficiencyat25%,50%,75%,and100%ofnameplateoutputwithoutaveragingtheresults•Testprocedurewouldoutputseparateefficiencymeasurementsforeachloadingpoint,aswellasno­loadpower•Resultscouldbeweightedatstandard­settingphasetorepresenttypicaluseBefore:TP4ActiveModeTests1No­LoadModeTestStandardAverageEff.No­LoadPowerAfter:TP:4ActiveModeTests1No­LoadModeTestStandardIndividualEffs.No­LoadPower7696

Time Spent i Application

Each tateTestProceduresMultipleVoltageEPSTestProcedure(cont.)•DOEmayalsousetheMicrosoftXboxusageprofile1toselectloadingpointsandweightsfortheefficiencymeasurements1681441209672482400%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%XboxOff:134hours/week2%offullloadXboxActive:31hours/week60–70%offullloadXboxIdle:3hours/week57%offullloadPercentageofNameplateOutputCurrent•Potentialequation:Avg.Eff=0.8xEff|2%+0.2xEff|65%AdditionalItemTheDepartmentinvitesstakeholdercommentsontheabovechangestothepreviouslyproposedmultiplevoltageEPStestprocedure.

Time Spent in Each Application S tate [h/wk]1.Sources:NRDC,Nielsen,TIAX,DOE77–DOE ma modif ortions of the CEC test rocedure rior toTestProceduresBatteryChargerActiveModeTestProcedure•DOEisawareofatestprocedureadoptedbytheCaliforniaEnergyCommission(CEC)thatcoversallmodes,includingactive1–DOEis consideringincorporatingsomeaspects oftheCECtestprocedureintotheexistingDOEtestprocedure–DOEmaymodifyortions oftheCECtestrocedureriortopppincorporation:1.MeasureBCoutputenergydirectly2.Incorporateusageprofiles3.Reducetestingtime4.ExaminedepthofdischargeItem22DOEseekscommentsonhowitshouldamenditsBCtestproceduretomeasureenergyconsumptioninactivemode.1.“EnergyEfficiencyBatteryChargerSystemTestProcedure,”Version2.2.,November12,2008.78Test Procedures1.Directly Measuring Charger Output EnergyRather than Battery EnergyBattery charger energy consumption is:Econsumed­ E= EinputoutputOutput energycan be measured in two different ways:Compare inputenergy to batteryoutput energyCompare inputenergy to chargeroutput energy79TestProcedures1.DirectlyMeasuringBatteryChargerOutputEnergyRatherthanBatteryEnergy(cont.)BatteryoutputenergyPros•Morerepresentativeoftotalenergylossesexperiencedbyconsumerofproduct•Easeofmeasurement•WillcaptureimprovementsthatcanbemadetobatteryefficiencyCons•Measurementuncertaintyduetobatteryvariations•LongertestingtimerequiredChargeroutputenergyPros•Improvedaccuracyandrepeatability(batteryvariabilityhaslessimpact)•Decreasedtestingtime(noneedforDecreasedtestingdischargetest)Cons•Lessrepresentativeofhowconsumersusebatterychargers•Couldbecomplicatedtogainaccess•Willnotcaptureimprovementsthatcanbemadetobatteryefficiency80AdditionalItemTheDepartmentwelcomescommentondirectlymeasuringchargeroutputenergyversusbatteryoutputenergy.–Some a lications areTestProcedures2.IncorporationofUsageProfiles•Powerconsumptionofbatterychargingsystemsdiffersineachoperatingmode•However,theamountoftimethatabatterychargerspendsineachmodedependsonapplication:–Someapplications areppofteninactivemode–Others arepredominantlyinmaintenanceandunpluggedmodes•DOEmayneedtoconsidertimespentineachmodewhensettingpotentialBCstandard.•CurrentDOEandCECtestproceduresdonottakeintoaccountthedifferentamountsoftimespentineachmode81TestProcedures2.IncorporationofUsageProfiles(cont.)•IncludingusageprofilesinthetestprocedurewillyieldameasurementthatrepresentstheaverageusecycleoftheproductasallowableunderEPCA:Anytestproceduresprescribedoramendedunderthissectionshallbereasonablydesignedtoproducetestresultswhichmeasureenergyefficiency,energyusewateruse...,orestimatedannualoperatingcostofacoveredestimatedoperatingcoveredproductduringarepresentativeaverageusecycleorperiodofuse...(42U.S.C.6293(b)(3))•Theexternalpowersuppliestestprocedure,however,doesnotincludeusageprofiles,measuringonlyenergyefficiencyandenergyuse,whichisalsoallowableunderEPCA.•Usageprofilescouldbeincludedinthetestprocedureorintheenergyconservationstandard.82–Exam le: La to Com uterTestProcedures2.IncorporationofUsageProfiles(cont.)•DOEisconsideringaccountingfortimespentineachmodebyincorporatingusageprofilesintotheBCtestprocedure–Assignweights tomeasurements conductedineachmode–Resultantintegratedmetric wouldberepresentativeoftypicalenergyconsumption–Example:LaptopComputer1Active(Charging)MaintenanceNoBattery(Standby)UnpluggedTimeSpendinEachMode(hr/wk)57187913 Power (Watts)ModeTypicalWeeklyEnergyConsumption1.“Nobattery”occurswhenthecomputerisdisconnectedfromitswalladapter.83Time Spent in Each Mode [houPortable media players

s/week]TestProcedures2.IncorporationofUsageProfiles(cont.)•ExampleusageprofilesforpopularBCapplications1–Usageprofiles fallalongaspectrum—noclearwaytocategorize168DigitalCamcorders144PortableDVDplayers

rs/week]841.“EnergyUseofPlugLoadDevicesinCaliforniaHomes”andDOEassumptions024487296120Active(Charging)MaintenanceNoBattery(Standby)Unplugged

Time Spent in Each Mode [hourPortablemediaplayersCordless Phones/AnsweringDevicesDIYPowerToolsMP3SpeakerDocksMobilephonesProfessionalPowertoolsNotebook computersAverage Battery Eneror a e ayers

Average Battery Capac y

tyTestProcedures2.IncorporationofUsageProfiles(cont.)•TimespentineachmodecanbecorrelatedtoBCcharacteristics–E.g.,largerbatteries areusedmoreintensively,resultinginmoretimeinactivemode–Canusecapacity­relatedcharacteristics tocategorizeusageprofiles:DigitalCamcorders505000 gy Average Battery Energ [watt­hours]0244872961201441680244872

Average Battery Capaci ty [milliampere­hours]4500400035003000250020001500100050045PDVD Plortableayers40PortableMedia/MP3Player3530CordlessPhones/Answering25DevicesDIYPowertools­ external20battery15MP3SpeakerDocks10MobilePhones500ProfessionalPowertoolsNotebookComputersTimeinMaintenanceMode[hours/week]TimeinActiveMode[hours/week]85AdditionalItemTheDepartmentinvitesstakeholdercommentsoncategorizingBCusageprofilesusingcapacitycharacteristics.TestProcedures3.ShorteningActiveandMaintenanceModeTestingPeriod•CurrentDOE(andCEC)testproceduresrequirea24hourcharge–Maybeburdensome–Maynotberepresentativeoftypicalusage•DOEisconsideringshorteningtheactiveandmaintenancemodetestingperiod.–Shorteningactivemodetestingperiodtoreflecttypicalusage(8hours oruntilfullycharged)–Shorteningmaintenancemodemeasurement(currently36hours forDOE,4hours forCEC)86Input PoweNo Batterymaint.

(Illustrative) r (Illustrative)ChargingMaintenance0122436486072Time [Hours]

Input PowerNo BatteryEmaintenanceEno battTestProcedures3.ShorteningActiveandMaintenanceModeTestingPeriod(cont.)WallAdaptorPowerInChargingBaseBatterycharging r (Illustrative)ChargingMaintenanceEE­

Empty Full

State of Charge0122436486072Time[Hours]

Input PowerNoBatteryEactiveEmaint.ENo_Batt01224364860Time[Hours]8772roducts that use rechar eable batteries.TestProcedures3.ShorteningActiveandMaintenanceModeTestingPeriod(cont.)AdditionalItemTheDepartmentinvitesstakeholdercommentsonshorteningofactiveandmaintenancemodetestingperiods,inparticularregardingtypicalchargingtimesforconsumerproductsthatuserechargeablebatteries.p88•This may not be representative ofTestProcedures4.ActiveModeTestingatOtherDepths­of­Discharge•CurrentDOEtestprocedurerequirestestingofthebatterychargerwhilerechargingafullydischarged(100%depth­ofdischarge)battery.•Thismaynotberepresentativeofthewaymanyorevenmost­20%applicationsareused:­40%–LaptopComputers­60%­80%–CellularTelephones­100%–ConsumerPowerTools89TestProcedures4.ActiveModeTestingatOtherDepths­of­Discharge(cont.)•DOEisconsideringincorporatingmeasurementoftheenergyconsumedbythechargerwhenrechargingabatteryat40%depth­of­discharge.­20%­40%­60%­80%­100%•Precedent:Part2oftheCECtestprocedurerequirestestingofBCswithbatteriesat100%,80%,and40%depth­of­discharge.AdditionalItemTheDepartmentinvitesstakeholdercommentsonrepresentativedepths­of­dischargeforcommonend­useconsumerproductapplications.90LunchLunch•Wewillresumethepublic meetingin60minutes.911:30pm–1:45pm1:45pm–1:55pm1:55pm–2:15pm2:15pm–2:35pm2:35pm–2:45pm2:45pm–3:05pm3:05pm–3:20pm3:20pm–3:30pm3:30pm–3:45pm3:45pm–4:00pm4:00pm–4:30pmAfternoonAgendaMarketAssessmentProductPriceDeterminationEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterizationTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisBreakPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisLife­CycleCostAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisNextStepsandClosingRemarks92–GoalsoftheRulemaking•DOEwillevaluatewhethertoissuestandardsbyJuly2011•Externalpowersupplyexample:–TheEISA2007EPSstandardis foroneproductclass.–TheJuly2011EPSstandardcouldbeformultipleproductclasses.standardmultipleproductclasses.NameplateOutputPower[W]

Efficiency [%]NameplateOutputPower[W]

Efficiency [%]EISA2007StandardJuly 2011StandardProd.Class2Prod.Class1Maximumno­loadpower=0.5wattsMaximumno­loadpower≤0.5watts93DOEWillPresenttheAnalysesThatConstitutethePreliminaryAnalysisThefollowingpresentationswillfocusontwoaspectsoftheanalyses:•Structure.ForallanalysesDOEwillexplaintostakeholdersthestructureofeachanalysis,includingpurposeandmethodology.•DraftData.ForcertainanalysesDOEwillpresentdraftdatathatmightbeincludedinthepreliminaryanalysis.•Stakeholdersareencouragedtocommentonthestructureand,inparticular,thedraftdatapresented.94AfternoonAgenda1:30pm–1:45pmMarketAssessment1:45pm–1:55pmProductPriceDetermination1:55pm–2:15pmEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterization2:15pm–2:35pmTechnologyAssessment2:35pm–2:45pmScreeningAnalysis2:45pm–3:05pmEngineeringAnalysis3:05pm–3:20pmBreak3:20pm–3:30pmPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis3:30pm–3:45pmLife­CycleCostAnalysis3:45pm–4:00pmNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks95Market andMarketAssessmentPreliminaryAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRulePreliminaryAnalyses96NationalImpactAnalysisEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationMarketandTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisProductPriceDeterminationLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis96MarketAssessmentMarketAssessmentTopics•ProductApplications&Information–Importanceofapplications–Listofapplications–Lifetime–Marketdrivers andtrends97MarketAssessmentUnderstandingBCsandEPSsRequiresUnderstandingtheConsumerProductApplicationsTheyPower.•CharacteristicsoftheapplicationdirectlyaffectBCandEPS:–Shipments–Lifetime–Powerrequirements–Usageprofiles–Energyconsumption98MarketAssessmentOver70ApplicationsUseaBatteryChargerorExternalPowerSupplySeeHandout99MarketAssessmentConsumerProductLifetimes•DOEis consideringusingapplicationlifetimeas aproxyforBC/EPSlifetime.ApplicationLifetimeApplicationLifetimeCamcordersUniversalBatteryChargersDigitalCamerasMobilePhonesInk­JetMFDsandprinters64625NotebookComputersPersonalCareProductsLANequipmentPortableMediaPlayersPowerTools(DIYandPro)43465100Annual Shipments (s ale logarithmic)Mobile honesMarketAssessmentEPSDistributionintheMarket

Annual Shipments (sc ale logarithmic)1,000,000,000100,000,00010,000,0001,000,000020406080100120NameplateOutputPower[W]ComputerspeakersCordlessPhones/AnsweringDevicesInkjetMFDsandprintersLANEquipmentMobilehonespMP3SpeakerDocksNotebookcomputersPortableDVDplayers101A liance Ma azineAnnuallMarketAssessmentSomeSourcesDOEisConsideringUsingtoDevelopMarketCharacteristics.PublisherTitlePublicationDateApplianceMagazineApplianceMagazineppConsumerElectronicsAssociationDarnellGroupTIAXAnnualReport:ATen­YearReviewoftheU.S.ApplianceIndustryAnnualPortraitoftheU.S.ApplianceIndustry.USConsumerSalesandForecastsExternalAC­DCPowerSupplies:WorldWideForecastsAssessmentofAnalysesPerformedfortheCaliforniaEnergyEfficiencyRegulationsforConsumerElectronicsProductsAnnuallyAnnuallySemiAnnually20082006102s pmen s.MarketAssessmentIssuesonWhichDOESeeksCommentItem56,57DOEwelcomescommentsonitslifetimeestimatesanddataforallapplicationsthatuseEPSsandBCs.Item17DOEseekscommentsandinputonBCandEPShishipments.AdditionalItemDOEseeksdataonthedistributionofBCandEPSefficiencyacrossthemarket.AdditionalItemDOEseekscommentondriversofBCandEPSefficiency,suchastechnologicaladvances,consumerdemandsforportability,orinternationalagreementsandstandards.103MarketAssessmentMarketTrends­ MobilePhones•18mobilephonemanufacturersaremovingtoadopta“UniversalChargingStandard”basedaroundmicro­USBinterfaceassoonas2010.•Mobilephonewalladapterswillmigrateto5Voutputandhavelowerno­loadconsumption.•ThestandardaimstoeliminatetheneedtopackageanEPSwitheachphone.•MayreduceEPSshipmentsformobilephonesby50%*.*GSMAssociation.“MobileIndustry Unites toDriveUniversalChargingSolutionforMobilePhones”February17,2009.10445%$6.7Delta Electronics: 9%Lite­On Technology: 7%A t : 6%Top Ten:Others: 55%Astec: 6%FRIWO Group: 5%Phihong: 5%Salcomp: 4%Leader Electronics: 3%Dee Van Enterprises: 2%Acbel Polytech: 2%FSP Group: 2%$5billion45%MarketAssessmentTheMoreThan300EPSManufacturersWorldwideGenerated$5BillioninRevenuesin2005sec2008WorldMarket$6.7billion2008NorthAmericanMarket$2.4billionSource:DarnellGroup.2005,2008.105AfternoonAgenda1:30pm–1:45pmMarketAssessment1:45pm–1:55pmProductPriceDetermination1:55pm–2:15pmEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterization2:15pm–2:35pmTechnologyAssessment2:35pm–2:45pmScreeningAnalysis2:45pm–3:05pmEngineeringAnalysis3:05pm–3:20pmBreak3:20pm–3:30pmPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis3:30pm–3:45pmLife­CycleCostAnalysis3:45pm–4:00pmNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks106Market andProductPriceDeterminationPreliminaryAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRulePreliminaryAnalyses107NationalImpactAnalysisEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationMarketandTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisProductPriceDeterminationLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis107ProductPriceDeterminationProductPriceDetermination•Definition–TheProductPriceDeterminationderives theend­user(consumer)priceofBCs andEPSs.•Details–Details alsoprovidedinChapter7oftheFramework Document.108marku at each link in the distribution chain to arrive at retailProductPriceDeterminationSteps•StartatthepointwheretheEPSorBCisfirstsold.•Examinedistributionchannelstoseewheremarkupsoccur.•Usegrossmargindataofmajormarketplayerstodeterminemarkupateachlinkinthedistributionchaintoarriveatretailprice.•Applynationalpopulation­weightedaveragesalestaxtoarriveatpost­taxend­userprice.109ProductPriceDeterminationExamplesBatteryChargersExternalPowerSuppliesComponentManufacturersBCExampleMSPx1.37x1.069BCManufacturersOEMsConsumerProductRetailersTaxesComponentManufacturersEPSManufacturersConsumerProductRetailersOEMsEPSDistributorsTaxesEPSExampleMSPx1.43x1.31x1.069=1.46ConsumersConsumers=2.00110ProductPriceDeterminationAssumptions•Theincrementalproductioncostassociatedwithmanufacturingmoreefficientdevicesisallpassedontotheconsumer.•TheBCorEPS“component”ofanend­useproductismarkedupthesameamountastheend­useproduct.•Productmarkupistakentobetheaveragemarkupacrossallofacompany’sproductsandservices.Item52DOEseekscommentsonthemethodologyforcalculatingtheproductpriceforBCsandEPSs,includingassumptionsaboutthepercentofshipmentspassingthrougheachdistributionchannelandthemarkupsassociatedwitheachchannel.111AfternoonAgenda1:30pm–1:45pmMarketAssessment1:45pm–1:55pmProductPriceDetermination1:55pm–2:15pmEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterization2:15pm–2:35pmTechnologyAssessment2:35pm–2:45pmScreeningAnalysis2:45pm–3:05pmEngineeringAnalysis3:05pm–3:20pmBreak3:20pm–3:30pmPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis3:30pm–3:45pmLife­CycleCostAnalysis3:45pm–4:00pmNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks112Market andEnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationPreliminaryAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRulePreliminaryAnalyses113NationalImpactAnalysisEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationMarketandTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisProductPriceDeterminationLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis113t e use an power requ rements o a or .EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationUnitEnergyConsumptionandEndUseLoadCharacterization•Purpose–TodetermineenergyuseofBCsandEPSs.•Method–Examinehowconsumersuseproductapplications.ModelapplicationusetoiBCEPStheuseandpowerrequirementsofaor.•Outputs–BCandEPSunitenergyconsumptionundereachefficiencyscenario(CandidateStandardLevels,orCSLsarediscussedinthenextsession).OutputsareusedintheLifeCycleCostandtheNationalImpactanalyses.•AdditionalInformation–DetailsalsoprovidedinChapter6oftheFrameworkDocument.114–EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationTopicstobeDiscussed•DerivingEnergyUseofanEPSorBC–Assumptions•BatteryChargers–BCmodes–BCusageprofilesprofiles•ExternalPowerSupplies–EPSmodes andapplicationstates–EPSpowerconsumption115assumes t at e c ency o t e oes not a ectEnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationBasicAssumptionsaboutUsage•DOEassumesthatusageprofilesdonotchangeoverthecourseofanalysis.•DOEassumesthatefficiencyoftheBC/EPSdoesnotaffectffiiusage.116in Each ModeEnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationBatteryChargerandExternalPowerSupplyEnergyConsumption•MeasuringenergyconsumptionforBCsandEPSsrequireslookingatmodes.PowerConsumedUnitEnergyConsumptionTimeSpentin eachModein Each Mode117EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationBatteryChargerModesBCModeStatusofBCConnectiontoMainsStatusofBatteryBCOn/OffSwitchSelection(IfSwitchisPresent)ActiveMaintenanceNo­Battery/StandbyOffUnpluggedConnectedConnectedConnectedConnectedDisconnectedChargingFullyChargedDisconnectedDisconnected—OnOnOnOff—118et o : s cons er ng exam n ng act ve t me separateEnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationBatteryChargerUsageProfiles•Method1:DOEisconsideringincluding24*hourchargecyclesaspartofitsusageprofilesforbatterychargers.–Consistentwithtestprocedure–Maynotreflectactualuse•M h d 2DOEiidMethod2:sconsideringexaminingactivetimeseparatefrommaintenancetime.–Reflects actualenergyconsumptionmoreclosely–Difficulttodistinguishbetweenactiveandmaintenancemode.*24hoursorasdeterminedbytheBCActiveandMaintenanceModetestperiod.Item46DOErequests comments ontheuseof24*­hourchargecyclesforestimatingenergyconsumptionforBCs inactivemode.AdditionalItemDOEseeks inputonmethods forseparatingactivemodetimefrommaintenancemodetime.119EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationBatteryChargerUsageProfilesExampleBCusageprofile–PortableMediaDevices (MP3players)Method1:24HourCycles24­HourChargeCyclesChargeCycleTimeMaintenancemodeNo­batterymodeUnpluggedmodeTotalCycles/weekHours/weekHours/weekHours/weekHours/weekHours/week124180126168Method2:SeparateActiveModeActivemodeMaintenancemodeNo­batterymodeUnpluggedmodeTotalHours/weekHours/weekHours/weekHours/weekHours/week5370126168120Item45DOEseeksalternatesources,databasesormethodologieswithwhichtodevelopBCusageprofiles.EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationExternalPowerSupplyModesEPSModeStatusofEPSConnectiontoMainsStatusofEPSConnectiontoApplicationEPSOn/OffSwitchSelection(IfSwitchisPresent)ActiveConnectedConnectedOnNoLoad/StandbyConnectedDisconnectedOnOffConnectedDisconnectedOffUnpluggedDisconnected——121EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationExternalPowerSupplyUsageProfilesExampleSimpleEPSusageprofile–MultifunctionDeviceActiveModeNo­LoadUnpluggedTotalmodemodeHours/weekHours/weekHours/weekHours/week16800168122is 80% of Pout and a low active draw is 15%.EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationApplicationStates•Allenergyconsumingapplicationstates arepartofEPSactivemode.•Differentapplicationstates mayrequiredifferentpercentages ofnameplateoutputpowerfromtheEPS.•Outputpoweris directlytiedtopowerconsumption.•WheremeasuredEPSoutputpoweras apercentageofnameplateoutputpoweris notavailable,DOEassumes thatahigh­powerapplicationstateis 80%ofPoutandalowactivedrawis 15%.ApplicationStates forMultifunctionDevicewith40WEPSEPSModeApplicationStateEPSOutputPower,WPercentofNameplateOutputPowerPrinting,etc.32.080%ActiveIdle9.023%Off6.015%123EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationExternalPowerSupplyUsageProfilesExampleExpandedEPSusageprofile–MultifunctionDeviceActiveModeNo­LoadmodeUnpluggedmodeTotalPrintingIdleOffHours/weekHours/weekHours/weekHours/weekHours/weekHours/week13113600168124Power Cons mptionEnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationCalculatingEPSPowerConsumptionNo­LoadModeNoloadpowerconsumptionismeasuredasPINoftheEPSwhenitisnotconnectedtoaload. Power Consu mptionNoLoadPower125Power Cons mptionEnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationCalculatingEPSPowerConsumptionActiveMode•Testproceduremeasuresefficiencyat25%,50%,75%and100%ofNameplateOutputPower(points2,3,4,and5)and(pointscalculatestheaverage.•EPSpowerconsumptionwithinthese4pointsisequaltoPIN*(1­efficiency)orPOUT(1/efficiency­1) umption Power Consu126mode:EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationCalculatingEPSPowerConsumptionActiveMode•Howevernotallapplicationstatesfallbetween25­100%ofnameplateoutputpower.•DOEisconsideringdividingpowerconsumptioncalculationsintotwomethodstomeasureEPSpowerconsumptioninactivemode:1.Ameasurementofpowerconsumptionforapplicationstates requiring25%ormoreofPOUT2.Ameasurementofpowerconsumptionforapplicationstates requiringless than25%ofPOUT127EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationApplicationStatesRequiringMorethan25%ofNameplateOutputPower•UseoutputpowerandaverageefficiencytocalculateEPSpowerconsumption.128•Instead, DOE is proposing Power Cons mptionEnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationApplicationStatesRequiringLessthan25%ofNameplateOutputPower•Usingaverageactivemodeefficiencyforstatesbelow25%maynotbethebestmethod. umption•Instead,DOEisproposingtouseacombinationofPNLandaverageactivemodeefficiency.129

Power ConsuAdditional ItemDOE requests alternative sources for applicationEnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationAdditionalItemDOErequestscommentsonitsworkingassumptionthatthehighestactivemodeapplicationstaterequires80percentofnameplateoutputpowerandthatthelowestactivemodeapplicationstaterequires15percentofnameplateoutputpower.AdditionalItemDOErequestsalternativesourcesforapplicationstateloadingpoints.Item50DOErequestscommentsonitsproposedmethodologyforcalculatingenergyconsumptionatoutputlevelsbelow25percentofnameplateoutputpower.130Printing, etc...EnergyUse/EndUse­LoadCharacterizationEPSUsageandUnitEnergyConsumptionUsageProfileandEnergyConsumptionforMultifunctionDevicewith40WEPSEPSModeApplicationStateUsage,hours/weekEPSPowerConsumption,wattsEnergyConsumption,Watthours/weekActivePrinting,etc.IdleOff1311367.62.21.67.668.2217.6NoLoadUnpluggedDisconnectedfromEPSDisconnectedfromEPS000.5000Total293.4131AfternoonAgenda1:30pm–1:45pmMarketAssessment1:45pm–1:55pmProductPriceDetermination1:55pm–2:15pmEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterization2:15pm–2:35pmTechnologyAssessment2:35pm–2:45pmScreeningAnalysis2:45pm–3:05pmEngineeringAnalysis3:05pm–3:20pmBreak3:20pm–3:30pmPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis3:30pm–3:45pmLife­CycleCostAnalysis3:45pm–4:00pmNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks132Market andTechnologyAssessmentPreliminaryAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRulePreliminaryAnalyses133NationalImpactAnalysisEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationMarketandTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisProductPriceDeterminationLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis133Technology Options to improve efficiencyTechnologyAssessmentRelationshipofMarketandTechnologyAssessmenttootherAnalysesTechnologyOptionstoimproveefficiencyTechnologyAssessmentProductClassesDesignOptionstoimproveefficiencyScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysis134v es covere pro uc s n o c asses yTechnologyAssessmentProductClasses•DOEwillcharacterizeEPSsinthemarket,lookingfordifferencesthatwarrantuniquestandardlevels,termed“productclasses”•DOEdiibvidescoveredproductsntoclassesy:(42U.S.C.6295(q))–Thetypeofenergyused•Exampleforbatterychargers:ACinputpowerorDCinputpower–DOEcandivideproducts intoproductclasses basedonthecapacityorperformance­relatedfeatures•Exampleforexternalpowersupplies:Outputvoltage135TechnologyAssessmentExample:ExternalPowerSupplyProductClassesCouldBeDividedbyOutputVoltage,VoutVout_high136NameplateOutputPower[W]

Efficiency [%]Vout_lowVout_midNameplateOutputPower[W]

Efficiency [%]TechnologyAssessmentExample:ProductClassesintheEnergyStar2.0EPSSpecification*•EnergyStarhastwoproductclasses:–StandardModels–Low­VoltageModels*ENERGYSTAR®ProgramRequirements forSingleVoltageExternalAc­Dc andAc­Ac PowerSuppliesEligibility Criteria(Version2.0)137amep a e<12 voltsPC 1PC 2PC 3N l tTechnologyAssessmentProductClassesDevelopedforthe2007DeterminationAnalysis•EPSproductclassesbasedoninterviewswithmanufacturers:NameplateOutputPower<4watts4–60watts>60wattsNameplateOutputVoltage<12voltsPC1PC2PC3≥12voltsPC4PC5PC6•BCproductclassesbasedoninterviewswithmanufacturersandmarketsurveys:NameplateOutput<3voltsPC13–9voltsPC2Voltage>9voltsPC3138TechnologyAssessmentPotentialDOEProcessforEstablishingNewProductClassesforBCsandEPSs•Divisionsbetweenproductclassescouldbeinfluencedbyrangeofapplicabilityofcircuittopologiesordesigns–“Topology”is theunderlyingcircuitdesignofthepowerconverter–Eachtopologycouldbeanalyzedseparatelyas itmaynotbepossibletoreliablyscaleanalysis results fromonetopologytoanother139Co Eff.TechnologyAssessmentPotentialDOEProcessforEstablishingProductClassesforBCsandEPSs(cont.)DifferingDifferingCapacity­ orPerformance­PowerConverterCost­EfficiencyStandardRelatedFeaturesTopologiesRelationshipsLevelsOutputPower st140OutputPowerOutputVoltageOutputVoltageRippleChoiceofTopologyLineFrequencyFlybackEff.

CostEff.

Cost Eff. Eff.PowerFactorAdditionalItemDOEseekscommentontheaboveimpactsofenergytype,capacity,andperformance­relatedfeaturesontopology.ona unc ona yTechnologyAssessmentAdditionalBCProductClassDivisionstoConsiderFromPracticalConsiderationsforTestingtheBC•BatterySpecifiedfortheApplication–BatteryisselectedbythetesterbecauseitisnotsuppliedorrecommendedwiththeBC.•AdditionalFunctionalityFtilit–IndicatorLight–AutomaticBatteryConditioning–Othernon­batterychargerfunctions141developing product classes, and how the low­voltage division shouldTechnologyAssessmentIssuesforCommentItem23DOEseekscommentsonBCproductclassdivisions,includingwhetherbatteryvoltageistheappropriateproductclassificationcriterion,and/orwhetherDOEshouldtakeintoaccountotherfactors,suchaschargerate,batterycapacity,orbatterychemistry.Item26DOEseekscommentsonhowtoconsideroutputvoltageindevelopingproductclasses,andhowthelow­voltagedivisionshouldvarywithEPSoutputpower.Item27DOEseekscommentsonthepossibleapproachesdiscussedconcerningEPSproductclasses,andinvitesinterestedpartiestoproposealternativeapproachesand/orotherfactorsDOEshouldconsiderindevelopingproductclassesforthepreliminaryanalyses.142TechnologyAssessmentTechnologyOptionsforExternalPowerSupplies•Low­PowerIntegratedCircuits:–Substituteenergy­efficientICcontrollersforgenericICcontrollers–ICsthatskipcyclesorlowerswitchingfrequencyatlowloadsaveenergy–ICsthatperformzero­voltage/zero­currentswitchingsaveenergy•SchottkyDiodesandSynchronousRectification:–Lowerlossesintheoutputrectifier.•Low­LossTransistors:–Reducelossintheswitchingtransistorduetodrain­to­sourceresistance(RDS_ON)—uptoapoint•Low­LossSnubbers:–Recycleexcessenergyratherthandissipatingit.•ImprovedTransformerCoreMaterial–Particularlyusefulwithline­frequencydesigns;reduceslossesintransformercores143TechnologyAssessmentTechnologyOptionsforSlowChargingBCs•ImprovedCores:–Replacingtransformercoreswithonesmadeoflower­losssteel.•Termination:–Substantiallydecreasingthechargecurrenttothebatteryafterithasreachedfullcharge.•LimitationofMaintenanceCurrent:–Providecurrentpulsesto"topoff"thebatteryasneeded.•CompleteEliminationofMaintenance/No­BatteryCurrent:–Automaticallydisconnectfromthemainssupplywhenthebatteryisfullychargedorremoved.•Switched­ModePowerSupply:–Replaceline­frequencypowersupplieswithswitched­modepowersupplies.144TechnologyAssessmentTechnologyOptionsforFastChargingBCs•Applicableoptionsforfast­chargingBCsfromEPSs:–Low­PowerIntegratedCircuits–SchottkyDiodesandSynchronousRectification–Low­LossTransistors–Low­LossSnubbersSnubbers–Improvedtransformercorematerial•ApplicableoptionsforBCsfromslowchargers:–LimitationofMaintenanceCurrent–EliminationofMaintenance/No­BatteryCurrent•SCRPhasecontrol–Circuitsimilartoalightdimmerusedwithhigh­powerchargers145TechnologyAssessmentIssuesforCommentItem30DOEseekscommentsonthepreliminarytechnologyoptionsidentifiedinthissectionandwhetherthereareothertechnologyoptionsitshouldconsider.146AfternoonAgenda1:30pm–1:45pmMarketAssessment1:45pm–1:55pmProductPriceDetermination1:55pm–2:15pmEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterization2:15pm–2:35pmTechnologyAssessment2:35pm–2:45pmScreeningAnalysis2:45pm–3:05pmEngineeringAnalysis3:05pm–3:20pmBreak3:20pm–3:30pmPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis3:30pm–3:45pmLife­CycleCostAnalysis3:45pm–4:00pmNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks147Market andScreeningAnalysisPreliminaryAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRulePreliminaryAnalyses148NationalImpactAnalysisEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationMarketandTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisProductPriceDeterminationLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis148criteria:ScreeningAnalysisPurpose•ScreenouttechnologyoptionsthatDOEwillnotconsiderintheengineeringanalysis.Approach•DOEwillevaluateeachtechnologyoptionbasedonthefollowingcriteria:Impacts onhealthorsafetyImpacts onproductutilityoravailabilitytoconsumersPracticabilitytomanufacture,installandserviceTechnologicalfeasibility•SeeAppendixAtoSubpartCof10CFRPart430(4)(a)(4)and(5)(b).149ScreeningAnalysisIssuesforCommentItem31DOEseekscommentsonhowthefourscreeningcriteriamightapplytothetechnologyoptionsdiscussedinsection3.7intheFrameworkDocument,aswellasanyadditionaltechnologyoption(s)thataninterestedpartyrecommendstoDOE.150AfternoonAgenda1:30pm–1:45pmMarketAssessment1:45pm–1:55pmProductPriceDetermination1:55pm–2:15pmEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterization2:15pm–2:35pmTechnologyAssessment2:35pm–2:45pmScreeningAnalysis2:45pm–3:05pmEngineeringAnalysis3:05pm–3:20pmBreak3:20pm–3:30pmPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis3:30pm–3:45pmLife­CycleCostAnalysis3:45pm–4:00pmNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks151Market andEngineeringAnalysisPreliminaryAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRulePreliminaryAnalyses152NationalImpactAnalysisEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationMarketandTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisProductPriceDeterminationLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis152EngineeringAnalysisGoalsoftheEngineeringAnalysis•Akeyfactorinsettingthestandardistheincreasedcostofamoreefficientproduct.•TheEngineeringAnalysisdeterminestherelationshipbetweencostandefficiency.–This relationshiphelps determinetheminimallife­cyclecostHighHighCost­efficiencycurve

Cost [$] Life­Cycle Cost [$]operatingpurchasecostpriceTargetstandardlevelEfficiency[%]Efficiency[%]153V

EfficiencyDefine %]EngineeringAnalysisChooseRepresentativeProductClasses•DOEwillanalyzeasubsetofrepresentativeproductclassesandscaletheresultstoallproductclasses.NameplateOutputPower[W]NameplateOutputPower[W]ChooseRepresentativeProductClassesDevelopCost­EfficiencyCurvesScaleResultsDevelopCandidateStandardLevelsDefineRepresentativeUnitsVout_mid

[%] Efficiency [

Efficiency [%]This portionofthepresentationfocuses onEPSs,butapplies equally toBCs.154DefineEngineeringAnalysisChooseRepresentativeProductClassesDevelopCost­EfficiencyCurvesScaleResultsDefineRepresentativeUnitsDevelopCandidateStandardLevelsDefineRepresentativeUnits•Representativeunitsaretheoreticalunitsforwhichallcharacteristicsarefixedexceptefficiencyandcost.•Byvaryingefficiency,DOEcanobserveitseffectoncost.Vout_mid

Efficiency [%]RepresentativeDataPointsOtherUnitDataPointsNameplateOutputPower[W]155EngineeringAnalysisIssuesforCommentItem34DOEinvitescommentsontheidentificationandselectionofrepresentativeproductclassesandonmodelsthatmayserveasgoodrepresentativeunitswithineachproductclass.DOEalsoseekscommentsonappropriatescalingrelationshipsamongproductclassesforbothBCsandEPSs.Item35DOEseekscommentsonrepresentativeproductclassesandselectionofrepresentativeunitsfromthoserepresentativeproductclasses.156DefineEngineeringAnalysisDevelopCandidateStandardLevels(CSLs)ofChooseRepresentativeProductClassesDevelopCost­EfficiencyCurvesScaleResultsDevelopCandidateStandardLevelsDefineRepresentativeUnitsEfficiency•CSL0isthebaselinelevel–itreflectsthelowestefficiencyinthemarket.•AnyCSLscouldbetheeventualstandardlevel.Vout_mid

Efficiency [%]CSL2CSL1CSL0NameplateOutputPower[W]157as eve ope sca ng or ou pu power, ou puDefineEngineeringAnalysisScalingTestDataandManufacturerDataWithintheProductClasstoDevelopCost­EfficiencyCurvesChooseRepresentativeProductClassesDevelopCost­EfficiencyCurvesScaleResultsDevelopCandidateStandardLevelsDefineRepresentativeUnits•DOEcanincorporatedataforunitsfromwithintheclassthataresimilartotherepresentativeunitoLargerdatasetintheanalysis•DOEhasdevelopedscalingforoutputpower,outputldvoltage,andproductionvolume.RepresentativeUnitPout

Efficiency [%]NameplateOutputPower[W]158DefineEngineeringAnalysisChooseRepresentativeProductClassesDevelopCost­EfficiencyCurvesScaleResultsDevelopCandidateStandardLevelsDefineRepresentativeUnitsProprietaryDesigns•DOEwillevaluatealldesignoptionsthatarecommerciallyavailableorpresentinaworkingprototype,includingproprietarydesignsandtechnologies.•CSLswillonlybebasedonproprietarydesignsiftheydonotpresenttheonlypathtotheefficiencylevel.•Theconfidentialityofmanufacturerswillbemaintained.159from those of the representative units.efficienc data for EPSs with out ut ower and out ut volta e that differEngineeringAnalysisIssuesforCommentItem33DOEseeksrecommendationsonpossiblecandidatestandardlevelstousewhenanalyzingEPSsandBCs.Item38DOEseekscommentsonmethodsfornormalizingcostandefficiencydataforEPSswithoutputpowerandoutputvoltagethatdifferfromthoseoftherepresentativeunits.160Define•This is the ke out ut of the En ineerin Anal sisEngineeringAnalysisDeterminetheCostoftheRepresentativeUnitatEachCandidateStandardLevel161ypggyTheoreticalCost­Efficiency CurveEfficiency[%]

Cost [$]CSL0CSL1CSL2ImplementationofaCost­Efficiency CurveEfficiency[%]

Cost [$]DevelopCost­EfficiencyCurvesScaleResultsDevelopCandidateStandardLevelsDefineRepresentativeUnitsChooseRepresentativeProductClasses•ThecostofeachCSLisbasedondatafrom:1.Testingandteardowns(primarymethod)2.Manufacturerinterviews•ThisisthekeyoutputoftheEngineeringAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisIssuesforCommentItem37DOEinvitesmanufacturerstoworkwithDOEintheinterviewstohelpdevelopaggregatedcurvesofmanufacturersellingpriceversusefficiencyforthevariousrepresentativeunits.162rom e represen a ve pro uc c asses oDefineEngineeringAnalysisScaleCSLsfromRepresentativeUnitsAcrossAllProductClasses•DOEscalestheCSLs•fromrepresentativeunitstothewholerepresentativeproductclass•fromerepresentativeproductclassesothtalloftheproductclassesVout_highVout_midDevelopCost­EfficiencyCurvesScaleResultsVout_lowNameplateOutputPower[W]ChooseRepresentativeProductClassesDevelopCandidateStandardLevelsDefineRepresentativeUnits Efficiency [%]Vout_midCSL0CSL1CSL2NameplateOutputPower[W]163EngineeringAnalysisIssuesforCommentItem36DOEseekscommentsonthescalingoffindingsfromrepresentativeproductclassestootherproductclassesthatDOEmaynotexplicitlyanalyze.164OnlyProduction CDefineCSL 1 Basis:

st [$]EngineeringAnalysisExample:Cost­EfficiencyCurve:18WEPSforaMedicalNebulizer*ChooseRepresentativeProductClassesDevelopCost­EfficiencyCurvesScaleResultsDevelopCandidateStandardLevelsDefineRepresentativeUnits Efficiency­ Only Production Co st [$]CSL2Basis:$6.00MedicalCost­EfficiencyPointsMedicalScaledCost­EfficiencyPointsClassAScaledCost­EfficiencyPointsCSL3Basis:MfrDataVEff.LevelCSL0Basis:TestUnitCSL1Basis:IVEff.Level$5.50$5.00$4.50$4.00$3.50$3.00$2.5060%65%70%75%80%85%90%Efficiency[%]*Exampledatatakenfromunpublishedanalysisonnon­ClassAEPSs.Datacoulddifferinfinalpublication.165AfternoonAgenda1:30pm–1:45pmMarketAssessment1:45pm–1:55pmProductPriceDetermination1:55pm–2:15pmEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterization2:15pm–2:35pmTechnologyAssessment2:35pm–2:45pmScreeningAnalysis2:45pm–3:05pmEngineeringAnalysis3:05pm–3:20pmBreak3:20pm–3:30pmPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis3:30pm–3:45pmLife­CycleCostAnalysis3:45pm–4:00pmNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks166BreakBreak•Wewillresumethepublic meetingin15minutes.167AfternoonAgenda1:30pm–1:45pmMarketAssessment1:45pm–1:55pmProductPriceDetermination1:55pm–2:15pmEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterization2:15pm–2:35pmTechnologyAssessment2:35pm–2:45pmScreeningAnalysis2:45pm–3:05pmEngineeringAnalysis3:05pm–3:20pmBreak3:20pm–3:30pmPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis3:30pm–3:45pmLife­CycleCostAnalysis3:45pm–4:00pmNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks168Market andPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisPreliminaryAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRulePreliminaryAnalyses169NationalImpactAnalysisEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationMarketandTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisProductPriceDeterminationLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis169PreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisPurpose•Provideinitialdiscussiononanypotentialimpactsofenergyconservationstandardsonmanufacturersofbatterychargersandexternalpowersupplies.•ProvideopportunityinformationanopportunitytoverifyDOEmarketinformationProvideandengineeringdesignoptions.170Phase 2Phase 3Phase 1PreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisMethodology•TheMIAconsistsofthreemainphases.InthePreliminaryAnalysis,thepreliminaryMIAfocusesonPhase1PreliminaryAnalysisNOPRPhase1Phase2Phase3IndustryprofileDevelopstraw­manGRIM*DevelopinterviewguideInterviews&industrywide/subgroupanalysesAssessdirectemployment,competition,cumulativeburdenPreliminaryMIAInterviews*GovernmentRegulatoryImpactModel(GRIM)171»Evaluate industr structure and»Occurs durin the en ineerinPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisMethodology:Phase1•ConsistsoftheindustryprofileandpreliminarymanufacturerimpactanalysisinterviewsIndustryProfile»EvaluateindustrystructureandPreliminaryMIAInterviews»Occursduringtheengineeringymarketcharacteristics»Produceanindustryprofilereport»IdentifycriticalissuesthatrequirespecialconsiderationintheMIA,forexample:»Typesorgroupsofmanufacturers»Accesstotechnology»Potentialregulatoryscenariosggganalysisinterviews»Topicsinclude:»Shipmentprojections»Conversioncosts»Productmixandprofitability»Marketsharesandindustryconsolidation»Cumulativeregulatoryburden172AfternoonAgenda1:30pm–1:45pmMarketAssessment1:45pm–1:55pmProductPriceDetermination1:55pm–2:15pmEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterization2:15pm–2:35pmTechnologyAssessment2:35pm–2:45pmScreeningAnalysis2:45pm–3:05pmEngineeringAnalysis3:05pm–3:20pmBreak3:20pm–3:30pmPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis3:30pm–3:45pmLife­CycleCostAnalysis3:45pm–4:00pmNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks173Market andLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisPreliminaryAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRulePreliminaryAnalyses174NationalImpactAnalysisEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationMarketandTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisProductPriceDeterminationLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis174Life­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisPurpose•Assessthepaybackperiod(PBP)andthenetlife­cyclecost(LCC)impactsontheconsumerofpotentialBCandEPSstandardsMethod•Economicevaluationfromtheconsumerperspective•ResultsexpressedasLCCdifference(baselineminusstandardlevel)Resultsexpresseddifference(baselinestandard•AnalysisimplementedinanExcel®spreadsheetThispresentationonlyexplainsthestructureoftheLCC;itdoesnotpresentpreliminaryresults.175ConsumerLifeCycleCost(BaselineandStandard)LCCimpacts(differencebetweenbaselineandstandard)OperatingCostPurchasePriceMarku sLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisLCCFlowchartFromEngineeringAnalysis(PriceisaFunctionofEfficiency)FromProductPriceDeterminationBaselineManufacturerSellingPriceStandard­LevelManufacturerSellingPriceRetailerandDistributorMarkupsConsumerRetailPrice176DeterminationAnalysisFromEnergyUse&EndUseLoadCharacterizationAnalysis(EnergyUse&LoadareaFunctionofEfficiency)pSalesTaxUnitEnergyConsumptionElectricityPricesAnnualEnergyCostLifetimeDiscountRateElectricityPriceTrendLifetimeOperatingExpensePaybackPeriodLife­CycleCostFromMarketAssessment–ven t oug pro ucts us ng s an s are a so use nLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisDOEIntendstoFocusAnalysisontheResidentialSector•Inassessingtheimpactonconsumers,DOEwillfocusontheresidentialsector.–Thescopeoftherulemakingfocuseson“consumerproducts”–EdBCEPSiventhoughprouctsusingsandsarealsousedncommercialandindustrialsectorsDOEwill:oUseresidentialusageprofileswhencalculatingunitenergyconsumptionoUseresidentialelectricityanddiscountrateswhencalculatinglife­cyclecostItem53DOEseekscommentsonitsintentiontofocusitspreliminaryLCCanalysisontheresidentialsector,andnotthecommercialorindustrialsectors.177Life­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisDiscountRate•DiscountratesareusedtoconvertstreamsofannualoperatingexpensestopresentvalueintheLCCanalysis.•DOEwillderiveadistributionofdiscountrates.–Thesedistributions willbedevelopedbyestimatingtheweightedaveragecostofcapital(orWACC)forresidentialconsumers ofBCsaveragecapitalresidentialconsumers ofandEPSs.–WACCincludes:•Financialcostofanydebtincurredtopurchaseproducts.•Opportunitycostofanyequitytopurchaseproducts.178pr ces to eterm ne t e mpact on econom c eas ty.Life­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisAnnualEnergyPrices•DOEwilldevelopelectricitypricesfromDOE­EnergyInformationAdministration(EIA).•DOEwilluseprojectionsoffuturenationalaverageenergypricesfromEIA’sAnnualEnergyOutlook(AEO).•DOEmayconductasensitivityanalysisusinghighandlowelectricitydifibilipricestodeterminethempactoneconomiceasibility.•Energycostswillbefortheresidentialsector,notthecommercialorindustrialsectors,becausethatistheprimarymarketforBCEPS.Item54DOEseekscommentsontheuseoftheEIAnationalaverageelectricitypriceandtheAEOforecastofelectricitypricesovertheanalysisperiod.1791:30pm–1:45pm1:45pm–1:55pm1:55pm–2:15pm2:15pm–2:35pm2:35pm–2:45pm2:45pm–3:05pm3:05pm–3:20pm3:20pm–3:30pm3:30pm–3:45pmAfternoonAgendaMarketAssessmentProductPriceDeterminationEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterizationTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisBreakPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisLife­CycleCostAnalysis3:45pm–4:00pmNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks180Market andNationalImpactAnalysisPreliminaryAnalysesFrameworkDocumentNOPRFinalRulePreliminaryAnalyses181NationalImpactAnalysisEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationMarketandTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisProductPriceDeterminationLife­CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis181NationalImpactAnalysisShipmentsAnalysis•Purpose–ToforecastanationalinventoryofBCs andEPSs whichwouldbeshippedduringtheanalysis period,andanyimpacts ofastandardonshipments.•Method–Developaspreadsheettooltocalculateshipments.–Keyinputs fromtheMarketAssessmentinclude:•Annualequipmentshipments•Marketgrowth•Lifetime•Assumptions–EventhoughDOE’s preliminaryanalysis ofBCs andEPSs focuses ontheresidentialsector,DOEwilluseshipments dataacross allsectors182NationalImpactAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysis•Purpose–Toforecastthenationalenergysavings thatwouldresultfromthestandardlevelbeingconsideredforBCandEPS,andtocomparethenetpresentvalueofthesesavings tothecosts ofimprovingefficiency.–ToidentifytheCSLthatprovides maximumenergysavings.•Method–DevelopaspreadsheettooltocalculateNESandNPVovertheanalysisperiod.183Price DeterminationNationalImpactAnalysisInputsInputSourceUnitEnergyConsumptionbyCSLFromEnergyUseandEnd­UseLoadCharacterizationUnitCostbyCSLFromEngineeringAnalysis andProductPriceDeterminationBaseCasedistributionacrossCSLsFromMarketAssessmentNationalInventoryFromShipments AnalysisElectricityPricesEIADiscountRate3%and7%(OMBRegulatoryAnalysis GuidelineA­4)184costs an sav ngs are ase on nat ona average pr ces.NationalImpactAnalysisInitialAssumptions•AnalysisPeriod–Standardtakes effectin2013–20Years ofShipments (2013­2032)–NESandNPVcalculateduntilallshippedunits havebeenretired•NPVevaluatedusing3%and7%discountrates.•Allcostsandsavingsareasedonnationalaverageprices.bRegionalsub­analyses,ifneeded,willbeperformedafterthepreliminaryanalysis.•NotConsidered:–Installation,repairandmaintenancecosts.–Rebound/Takeback effect.185NationalImpactAnalysisUECbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionacrossCSLsStandardsCaseStandardsCaseAverageUECBaseCaseAverageUECStandardsCaseDistributionacrossCSLsUnitCostbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionElectricityPriceNationalEnergySavingsAverageUnitEnergySavingsNationalEnergyCostSavingsNationalInventorySavingsBaseCaseAverageUnitCostNationalConsumerEconomicImpactAverageUnitImprovementCostsStandardsCaseAverageUnitCostDiscountRateNationalNetPresentValue186NationalImpactAnalysisNationalEnergySavings•TocalculateNES,theDepartmentconsiders:–AverageUnitEnergySavings:theshipmentweightedaverageenergysavings ofatypicalunitduetothestandard.–NationalInventory:thenumberofunits affectedbythestandard.187NationalImpactAnalysisBaseCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsUECbyCSLUnitCostbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsElectricityPriceNationalEnergySavingsAverageUnitEnergySavingsNationalEnergyCostSavingsBaseCaseAverageUECStandardsCaseStandardsCaseAverageUECStandardsCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsNationalInventorySavingsBaseCaseAverageUnitCostNationalConsumerEconomicImpactAverageUnitImprovementCostsStandardsCaseAverageUnitCostDiscountRateNationalNetPresentValue188NationalImpactAnalysisUECbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsStandardsCaseStandardsCaseAverageUECBaseCaseAverageUECStandardsCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsUnitCostbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsElectricityPriceNationalEnergySavingsAverageUnitEnergySavingsNationalEnergyCostSavingsNationalInventorySavingsBaseCaseAverageUnitCostNationalConsumerEconomicImpactAverageUnitImprovementCostsStandardsCaseAverageUnitCostDiscountRateNationalNetPresentValue189NationalImpactAnalysisNetPresentValue•TocalculateNPV,theDepartmentconsiders:–NationalEnergyCostSavings:thenationalenergysavings duetothestandardconvertedto$.–NationalConsumerEconomic Impact:thecosts incurredbyconsumersfromimprovingunits duetothestandard•AverageUnitImprovementCosts•NationalInventory–DiscountRate:Usedtoconvert$values topresentdayvalue190NationalImpactAnalysisUECbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsStandardsCaseStandardsCaseAverageUECBaseCaseAverageUECStandardsCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsUnitCostbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsElectricityPriceNationalEnergySavingsAverageUnitEnergySavingsNationalEnergyCostSavingsNationalInventorySavingsBaseCaseAverageUnitCostNationalConsumerEconomicImpactAverageUnitImprovementCostsStandardsCaseAverageUnitCostDiscountRateNationalNetPresentValue191NationalImpactAnalysisUECbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsStandardsCaseStandardsCaseAverageUECBaseCaseAverageUECStandardsCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsUnitCostbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsElectricityPriceNationalEnergySavingsAverageUnitEnergySavingsNationalEnergyCostSavingsNationalInventorySavingsBaseCaseAverageUnitCostNationalConsumerEconomicImpactAverageUnitImprovementCostsStandardsCaseAverageUnitCostDiscountRateNationalNetPresentValue192NationalImpactAnalysisUECbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsStandardsCaseStandardsCaseAverageUECBaseCaseAverageUECStandardsCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsUnitCostbyCSLBaseCaseDistributionAcrossCSLsElectricityPriceNationalEnergySavingsAverageUnitEnergySavingsNationalEnergyCostSavingsNationalInventorySavingsBaseCaseAverageUnitCostNationalConsumerEconomicImpactAverageUnitImprovementCostsStandardsCaseAverageUnitCostDiscountRateNationalNetPresentValue1931:30pm–1:45pm1:45pm–1:55pm1:55pm–2:15pm2:15pm–2:35pm2:35pm–2:45pm2:45pm–3:05pm3:05pm–3:20pm3:20pm–3:30pm3:30pm–3:45pm3:45pm–4:00pmAfternoonAgendaMarketAssessmentProductPriceDeterminationEnergyUseandEndUseLoadCharacterizationTechnologyAssessmentScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisBreakPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisLife­CycleCostAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysis4:00pm–4:30pmNextStepsandClosingRemarks194ClosingRemarksClosingRemarks•Participants whowishtoprovidecomments ontheFrameworkDocumentpublic meetingmay speak now.195ClosingRemarksDOERequestsFeedbackEspeciallyonIssuesIdentifiedinHandoutMaterialsInallcorrespondence,pleaserefertotheBatteryChargersandExternalPowerSuppliesFrameworkDocumentby–Framework DocumentforBatteryChargers andExternalPowerSupplies,–DocketNumberEERE­2008­BT­STD­0005,and–RegulatoryIdentificationNumber(RIN)1904­AB57Email:BC&EPS_ECS@ee.doe.govPostalMail:Courier:Ms.BrendaEdwardsMs.BrendaEdwardsU.S.DepartmentofEnergyU.S.DepartmentofEnergyBuildingTechnologies Program,BuildingTechnologies ProgramMailstopEE­2J950L’EnfantPlaza,S.W.,6thFloor1000IndependenceAvenue,SWWashington,DC20024Washington,DC20585­0121Telephone:(202)586­2945CommentperiodclosesJuly20,2009196