COLUMNIST ANTICIPATES INCREASED CAMPAIGN AGAINST SWAPO

Windhoek THE NAMIBIAN in English 29 Aug 86 p 11

[Article by Gwen Lister]

[Text]

IT IS WITH INCREDULITY that one observes how the pro-interim
government clique ‘celebrates’ Namibia Day. In London the right-
wing International Society. for Human Rights, chose Namibia Day
to publish a report; also in London what is known as the Namibia
Independence Committee, run by a known anti-Swapo personality
issues a propagandistic statement, while in the pro-interim govern-
ment media locally, absolutely no coverage is given to the Namibia
Day celebations in Katutura over the weekend. .

CALL FOR SWABC POLICY STATEMENT

IT WOULD BE of great interest to Namibians to know precisely what
the policy code of the SWABC is, for instance.

While they give absolutely no coverage to the Swapo rally in
Katutura on Sunday (thus effectively ‘blacking-out’ such news to
viewers and listeners in the country), they interview General George
Meiring, head of the SWATF, on Swapo ‘atrocities’.

At the same time they show their bias by screening only footage
of the Herero Red Flag Day in Okahandja.

Then they give coverage to an organisation (the socalled Namibia
Independence Committee, in this instance), run by the brother of in-
terim government Minister, Mr Andreas Shipanga, in London, merely
on the grounds that it is ‘anti-Swapo’ in content.

And they give prominence to the International Society for Human
Rights, known to be a right-wing, pro-interim government institution.

THEIR TEMERITY WITH REGARD TO HUMAN RIGHTS

THE SOCALLED Namibia Independence Committee, chaired by Mr
Paul Shipanga, has the temerity, in its declaration of intent, to state:
‘That we are firmly resolved that any future government of Namibia
should function within the provisions of a Bill of Rights ...’

What about the present interim government, whose record of obser-
vance of fundamental human rights is a sad one indeed.

But like all Mr Sean Cleary’s propagandists abroad, the concern
is only with a future government and not with the present one.

The socalled International Society for Human Rights also praises
the interim government referring to its “growing respect for fundamen-
tal human rights ...’

14

NAMIBIA


ZIMBABWE WELL-DRILLING MACHINERY WELCOMED IN RURAL KWAZULU

Johannesburg CITY PRESS in English 31 Aug 86 p 5

[Text]

IN THE far north of
KwaZulu there is a
small project under
way which is changing
the lives of the com-
munity.

Like‘ most rural people,
the residents of KwaNg-
wanase have no electricity
or sanitation and use dirty
water to drink and cook
with.

This has often led to ill-
ness. But now they are par-
ticipating in a scheme to
make clean, safe water
available to the communi-
ty.
e With every project to get
better water for rural com-
munities, the big problem
has always been how to drill
for it because the machin-
ery is so expensive to buy
and to maintain.

That’s where this project
is different. This drill is
easy to understand, it is
hand-operated and doesn’t
have a motor or complicat-
ed parts.

{t's been imported from
Zimbabwe and the people
of KwaNgwanase are find-
ing it easy to use — and it’s
also a fraction of the usual
cost.

City Press visited .the
sites of the first wells - dug
using the new system - to
see the joint project of the
rural water trust, Zululand
University’s Centre for So-
cial Research and Docu-
mentation and the Stan-

/13104
CSO: 3400/572

dard Bank group.

Zululand University
fieldworker Ken Mdletshe
explained how the system
was already improving the
health of the community.

“We have water running
in local streams but it is
dirty and people often get
very sick.

“The new system of drill-
ing for water is much easier
and quicker than anything
else we've tried. It used to
take us about a month to do
everything, but now we can
be finished with a well ‘tn
qne-and-a-haif days.

“The wells we've already
dug are being used ail the
time. Sometimes’ there: is
not enough time for water
to collect at the bottom
again. So we want to help
get many more water wells
Started up.

“People come from two
kilometres away to use the
wells and I would guess
that about 50 families
would be dependent on
each one we've completed
so far.

“Because we do not yet
have enough for everyone.
people are still using water
from the old places for
washing clothes and dishes
~ but they boil it now.

“Everyone is very happy
about the new machinery
which came from Zim-
babwe and they feel the
people from that country
are thinking of them. They
say the machine from Zim-

35

SOUTH AFRICA

babwe is much quicker
than the old system. They
haven’t forgotten the old
system of drilling which
meant making cement
walls for each well, and
they know this is much easi-
er.

Mdletshe says he still has
difficulty persuading some ‘
people to use the water,
rom the new wells. “They
don’t understand and say
their grandparents used to
drink from the old places
and nothing happened to
them. ‘

“But when they get sick
and go to hospitai, the doc-
tors tell them the same sto-
ry about the germs in the
water and so they're begin-
ning to believe us.”

* Another big problem is:
that the men in the commu-
nity don’t seem. to work as
hard as they should with
digging wells.

“When they see the new
wells, they ask for water
near their own places. We
tell them that they can have
it at no cost — but that we
want them to help with the
digging.

“They come for a few
days and then we never see
them again.

“But the women in this
area are different. They've
already put up a building to
run their co-op and find the
digging of wells very easy.
They're determined to
prove they can achieve
things for themselves,” he
said.



IBM ANNOUNCES 5-YEAR PROGRAM TO IMPROVE BLACK EDUCATION

Johannesburg CITY PRESS in English 31 Aug 86 p 3

(Text ]

IBM has announced a five-
year program to help im-
prove education and eco-
nomic development among
black South Africans.

The initial program,
funded by [BM SA, will
cost R20-million.

IBM will provide 250
schools with Writing to
Read education systems. ;
When fully-implemented,
the systems will service
more than 37000 school
children each year.

These systems will be
used to enhance English-
language reading and writ-
ing skills.

IBM president and chief
executive officer John
Akers said: “We believe
one of the most important
things we can do to promote
change in SA is to advance
the educational develop-
ment of black South Afri-
cans, We believe this pro-
gram can help accelerate
the process of peaceful and
meaningful change.”

During the first two-year
phase of the program, Writ-
ing to Read laboratories

/13104
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will be established at four
black teachers’ training col-
leges where teachers will
receive special training in
the system. ‘

Laboratories will also be
opened at 42 primary
schools. IBM will provide
self-contained, pre-fabricat-
ed buildings to house the
laboratories at these
schools. Each laboratory
will be equipped with six
IBM _ personal computers
specially designed to run

‘riting to Read software,
IBM typewriters and audio-
visial equipment.

Writing to Read was an-
nounced in the US last year
after extensive testing by
the Educational Testing
Service of Princeton, New
Jersey. The two-year evalu-
ation involved more than
22000 children and 225
schools in the US. ETS
found the system “an ex-
ceptionaily effective educa-
tional program for teaching
reading and writing”,

_ In response to IBM's ini-
tiatives, the Department of
Education and Training has
committed to change the
curriculum in black schools

31

SOUTH AFRICA

and ‘will provide teachers
with the necessary training.
The department will also
construct new facilities to
house the remaining Writ-
ing to Read laboratories,
apart from the initial 42
being provided by IBM.

IBM is also providing
funds to undertake and
evaluate other initiatives in
education and economic de-
velopment programs for
black, Asian and coloured
South Africans.

These include:
@ The purchase of educa-
tional TV programs:
@ Providing financial assis-
tance to existing organisa-
tions for the identification
of laws and regulations
which inhibit the free enter-
prise system and the estab-
lishment of black, Asian
and coloured businesses:
@ Encouraging black.
Asian and coloured enter-
preneurship through arti-
san and management train-
ing, and loans for projects
such as the construction of
housing for blacks by black
sub-contractors.


between violence methods
and non-violent sanctions.
“I reject the violence of
a repressive system and
the violence of those who
try to overthrow it,” he
said. :

A few days before the
emergency was declared,
archbishop-elect Desmond.
‘Tutu stood before a funeral
crowd and cried. Con-
demning violence, he ap-
pealed to blacks to stop
killing each other during
the struggle for freedom.

Tt was not the first time
he cried.for peace. It was
also not the first time he
condemned violence. But
no Minister cheered him —
and if there was praise in
the media, it came rade
ingly. =>

His critics point to the
US policy of constructive
engagement as a means
for bringing about change,
in opposition to sanctions.

He won't deny that Pres-
ident Ronald Reagan con-
demns violence and there-
fore won’t support the
ANC. But, Bishop Tutu
points out, Mr Reagan
openly supports Unita’s
armed struggle against
Angola’s MPLA Govern-
ment.

In spite of his commit-
ment to non-violence, a
major segment of the
media serve up a regular
diet of venom against him.

‘When he returned from
a visit to China last week
— the first time any South

/13104
cso: 3400/562

African of note visited that.
country — Bishop Tutu’s
replies did not receive the
same prominence as his
critics.

But he has set the rec-
ord straight for those who
are still prepared to talk
and to listen. He was
reacting to Manpower
Minister Mr du Plessis who
had accused him of making
statements “bordering on
treason”,

“He is busy destroying
the interests of South Afri-
ca’s blacks. Sanctions are a
form of economic warfare
and Bishop Tutu is siding
with unpatriotic people,”
Mr du Plessis said.

Bishop Tutir explained
that he had called for sanc-
tions in his personal capac-
ity and not on behalf of

anyone. 2.%':%!

He made‘ clear it was
not the position of the An-
glican Church, which, if
anything, was opposed to
sanctions.

Mr du Plessis was en-
gaging in the national pas-
time of many white South
Africans, namely “Tutu-
bashing”, knowing that it
would give him instant
popularity and assured
publicity.

Replying to the Minis-
ter’s remark that the pa-
tience of many South Afri-
cans was wearing thin with
his utterances Bishop Tutu
said: “Which South Afri-
cans? I want to tell him
that the vast majority of
South Africans are sick
and tired of the evil, im-
moral and injust policies
that he and his colleagues
have carried out and con-
tinue to do so.

40

“His. newfound altruism
and that of his colleagues
is quite galling, when you
realise that he is a mem-
ber of a government whose
policies have inflicted
quite deliberately unneces-
sary suffering on our peo-
ple.”

Bishop Tutu said that he
did not want sanctions, but
could think of no better al~
ternative under the cir-

cumstances.

“Has the Minister never
before heard me saying
that I abhor capitalism? [.
hate ‘it. I have said it so
often the Minister must be
bored by it They will have
to come with something
better.

“I try to do what I be-
lieve I must do to obey
Christ ... I don’t want to
be arrested. They are al-
ways looking out for the
possibility that one wants
to be a martyr. I don’t
want to be.”

Referring to talks with
State President Mr PW
Botha, he said: “I do not
play for any gallery and
will not curry favour with
any group — such as the
whites by rejecting sanc-
tions Which will make me
a blue eyed boy or the
blacks (by rejecting

Bishop Tutu has proba-
bly forgiven the media and
the Government who
choose to ignore his re-
peated calls for peace, per-
haps he has also forgiven
his critics for abusing him.
It’s probably because he
has always said: “There is
still much goodwill left ~
can't we get together and
talk?”


Attempt Seen To Thwart UN Plan
Windhoek THE NAMIBIAN in English 5 Sep 86 p 11

[Article by Gwen Lister]

(Text ] WHAT IS OPTIMISTICALLY referred to as a ‘new initiative’
on Namibian independence, is increasingly being spoken of,
both in Namibia and in South African circles, and would seem
an obvious attempt to circumvent the implementation of the
United Nations settlement plan.

The Administrator General, Mr Louis Pienaar, gave publicity to
the ‘new initiative’ in a recent speech, and it is believed he is supported
by the Chairman of the socalled Constitutional Council, Judge Vic-
tor Hiemstra, as well as having support in certain circles in South
Africa.

The ‘new initiative’ basically forwards the argument that groups”
inside the territory should themselves deliberate and negotiate with
South Africa for independence in Namibia. The excuse for the ‘new:
initiative’ is that while the withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola.

“was still a precondition to the implementation of Resolution 435,
Namibians could not wait’ indefinitely for independence.

So what’s new? The ‘new initiative’ sounds like similiar ‘new in-
itiatives’ of the past, all of which wound up in unelected governments
of select ethnic and political groupings, and-none of which ever suc-
ceeded in getting the support of the people of Namibia.”

IF GROUPS GET TOGETHER, THEN WHY NOT ON LINKAGE?
MY ARGUMENT against the ‘new initiative’ is that, in the first place,
-if the ‘internal groupings’ as they are known, are able to get together
and talk about strategies for independence (which I doubt) then they
could just as well get together and approach the South African Govern-
ment on the basis that they do not accept the linkage precondition
and instead call for the implementation of Resolution 435 immediately.

A ‘new initiative’ is in any case superfluous, when it is apparent
that the South African Government does not wish to settle the Nami-
bian independence question - not the way in which the Namibian peo-
ple want it settled in any case.

SA HAS NOT ACCEPTED THE REALITIES OF NAMIBIA

IT IS OBVIOUS, that by touting the. ‘new initiative’, the.South
Africans have virtually accepted that the interim government will not
succeed in its present form.

The ‘new initiative’ is a rather diplomatic way for the Administrator
General to inform the interim government and its supporters that it
is not broadly-based enough to gain any acceptance whatsoever,
whether nationally or internationally. .

The Administrator General arid the Chairman of the socalled Con-
stitutional Council, Judge Hiemstra, are both well-aware, that the six’
parties within the interim government are jealous of the power that
they hold over the country, and are not about to welcome newcomers,
whether they be Swapo or the HNP.

And yet they are forced to the realisation, which has been pointed
out often enough to them, that the large majority of the population
are not represented in the present ‘government’.

At the same time, by touting the ‘new initiative’ the South Africans
hope to pull in a few more parties (Mr Peter Kalangula’s CDA is of
course, still priority number one), to make the base broad enough
to accomodate some on the left of the political spectrum, but not so
broad as to be hostile to South Africa.


SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

FIRESTONE EDUCATION GRANT=-Firestone SA, on behalf of its American
shareholders, yesterday donated R487 000 to five South African educational
institutions, the company announced in a Press statement released yesterday in
Cape Town. The grants were made in Port Elizabeth by chief executive Mr Peter
Morum to the South African Council for Higher Education. Teacher's
Opportunity Programme, SOS Children's Villages, Promat College, and the Centre
for Continuing Education, University of Port Elizabeth. The statement said
these and other donations are part of this year's grant of R1,3 million
towards the improvement of Black education and community facilities. It is
the second year of a three-year programme totalling R4 million. [Text]
{Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 2 Sep 86 p 9] /13104

cso: 3400/570

50


SOUTH AFRICA

LOCAL GOVERNMENT OPTIONS, OPPOSITION TO RSC'S GAIN GROUND IN CAPE

Port Elizabeth EVENING POST in English 2 Sep 86 p 8

[Article by Dirk Van Zyl

[Text]

CAPE TOWN — With
South Africa’s constitu-

sys-
tem of joint law-making
for Natal/KwaZulu on
second tier level, while
calls in the Western Cape
for some kind of regional
solution — at least on
third tier level — are also
growing stronger.

These moves have
gained impetus from the
wide-spread opposition to
the. Government’s pro-
posed Regional Services
Councils (RSCs), the first
of which, it now appears,
will only get off the
ground — if it ever does
— next year. This is way
behind the original dead-
line.

The RSCs are supposed
to be co-ordinating um-
brella local government
bodies, but opponents’ ar-
guments run largely on
the lines that they will
serve to entrench apart-
heid and that the extra
tax burden they will place
‘on businesses and individ-
uals is not warranted.

~The Government ar-
gues that they will ration-
alise local government
services.

. Among the bodies vehe-
mently opposed to the
RSCs is the Cape Town
City Council which feels
the best future lies in the
direction of open, non-
racial local government.

In a Perel the

eve inquishing the
influential post of chair-
man of the council’s
executive committee, Mr
John Muir, who has
famed unstinting praise
for a distinguished term
of office, elaborated on
the council’s thinking on
the matter.

He is standing down at
the weekend because of
time pressure problems.

Until 1972 any Cape
Town ratepayer — irre-
Spective of race — could
be elected to the council,
and a case in point was a
coloured councillor whose
seat embraced part of
Muizenberg.

The Government then
forced the council to re-
move “non-white” coun-
cillors in lieu of coloured
Management Committees
(Mancoms) — a system

48

which, however, “never
Teally got off the ground”.
Adds Mr Muir: “Since
then Cape Town has
steadfastly asked for the
Situation to be reversed to
what it had been.”
‘There are still people of
colour on the Hun
voters’ roll in areas (in-
cluding Woodstock, Salt
River, Lansdowne, Craw-
ford and parts of Athlone)

which do not fall under a
Mancom and where they
had registered on the roll
before 1972.

But in terms of the
Local Government Bodies
Electoral Bill (which is at
present before a Parlia-
mentary standing com-
mittee) these municipal
voters will fall off the
common voters’ roll and
will have to re-register on
Tacially-separate rolls, as
is the- case of coloureds
and Indians, for the
Mancoms.

“And the RSCs will sim-
ply entrench the apart-
heid system. I hope they
don’t get the Electoral
Bill going so that we can
at least carry on as now
for a few more years,” Mr
Muir says.


SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

EXODUS FROM COMPUTER FIRMS--An exodus of key computer experts which threatens
to creat growing brain-drain headaches for companies has been revealed by a
nationwide survey. The survey shows that one in every 20 computer
professionals has joined the queue to find employment overseas - triggered by
concern over the political climate in South Africa, or convinced that career
prospects look better abroad. Mr Tim Sargeant, managing director of the CPL
computer consultancy, estimates that at least 1 000 out of the national total
of 20 000 computer professionals are in the exodus queue. About 250 quit
South Africa in 1985, and the rate has more than doubled in the first six
months of this year. “There's a worldwide shortage of trained computer
personnel, so they find little trouble in finding good new posts overseas,” he
said. "The most popular destinations seem to be Australia, Britain, the US,
New Zealand and Canada. Miss Jane Ashburner, head of the remunerations
division of P-E Corporate Services, which undertook the survey with CPL, says
employers are dangling bigger cash carrots to tempt staffers to stay in their
jobs. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 26 Aug 86 p12] [Article by
Michael Chester] /13104

CSO: 3400/572 END

54


SAAWU DISSIDENTS TO FORM NEW TRADE UNION

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 23 Aug 86 p.7

[Text]

DISSIDENT members of
the South African Allied
Workers’ Union will
launch a new “indepen-
dent” trade union, the
United People’s Union
of South Africa (Upusa)
in Durban today.

The split, described as
“insignificant” by Saawu
members, follows the
healing last weekend of
a major breach in the
union’s top leadership.

Saawu has been divid-
ed since 1984 when three
of its leaders, including
treason trialists Mr Sam
Kikine and Mr Isaac
Negobo were expelled
and two other trialists,
Mr Thozamile Gqweta
and Mr Sisa Nijikelana,
took over.

/13104
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The four have now rec-
onciled their differ-
ences and a joint prep-
arations committee, with
members from each
camp, will run Saawu
until the re-union is for-
malized at a full confer-
ence in November.

The new dissidents,
who say they are un-
happy with the leader-
ship and political direc-
tion of Saawu, already
claim 50000 signed-up
members in Durban,
Port Shepstone, Newcas-
tle, Krugersdorp and
Olifantsfontein.

The president, Mr Ash-
ley Shezi, said Upusa
would represent work-
ers in most major indus-
tries throughout South
Africa but would not af-

46

SOUTH AFRICA

filiate to either the Con-
gress of South African
Trade Unions (Cosatu)
or the Inkatha-backed
United Workers’ Union
of South Africa (Uwusa).

“We will remain inde-
Pendent, confining our-
selves, for the time being
at least, strictly to mat-
ters affecting workers on
the factory floor,” he
said.

Saawu, a Cosatu affili-
ate, has rejected as “ut-
ter nonsense” the claim
that union members are
dissatisfied with their
leadership.

A union spokesman
lashed out at the dissi-
dents, saying they had no
mandate from workers
to form the new union.


Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 29 Aug 86 p 3

Shipanga:

Namibia Should Not Suffer

[Text] It would be a grave injustice to let Namibia suffer for the sins of
its neighbour by including the Territory in comprehensive sanctions aimed at

punishing South Africa for its apartheid policies

This was said by Minister of
Economic Affairs, Mr An-
dreas Shipanga, last night at
the Atlas Copco Industrial
Reporting Award ceremonies,

Addressing the prestigious
event attended by leading
members of Windhoek’s busi-
ness and media community,
Mr Shipanga asked whether
Namibia would. receive the
same sort of international aid
the Frontline States asked for.

Surely Namibia would also
suffer the effects of sanctions
and deserved to be compen-
sated.

“While the international
community is pressuring
South Africa to abolish apart-

/13104
CSO: 3400/564

heid, legalise the ANC, end the
state of emergency and release
Nelson Mandela, Namibia had
a very different record.
“Apart from AG 8 we have
turned our backs on apartheid
and blacks are involved in
governing the Territory with
universal franchise accepted
even by the National Party.
“No political parties are
banned in Namibia, there is no
State of emergencey and we

have released 60 political de-
tainees and 23 prisoners — that
is a fact;’ Mr Shipanaga said.

“Also we do not have a one-
Party state and the dismal sort
of human rights record that

18

many of the Frontline States
show — instead we have a Bill
of Rights which is part of the
legislation empowering the
Transitional Government.”

On Namibian industry, Mr
Shipanaga said the govern-
ment would soon pass new
legislation for the mining in-
dustry and that the days were
over when Namibians sat back
and watched others reap the
wealth of the country.

Outside investors where
looking at the stability in the
Territory and increasingly
finding it a desirable invest-
ment target.

Good news could be expect-
ed on the investment front in
the-near future.


SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

SOWETO LABOR STAYAWAY REPORTED--The Labor Monitoring Group [LMG] in

South Africa says yesterday's stayaway by Soweto workers is the most signi-
ficant and successful protest by the community since 1976. The group says
ovér 70 percent of the work force in Soweto stayed away from work on the
day that a mass funeral for police shooting victims was to have been held.
The group quotes Putco bus company as saying it withdrew 80 percent of its
usual service to Soweto. This morning, however, buses were running but they
did not travel into deep Soweto. According to the LMG, 27 percent of the
African work force in the manufacturing sector in the Johannesburg area
stayed home yesterday, with a 72 percent absence of the Sowetan; 58 percent
of those who stayed away from the public sector were Sowetans. [Text]
[Umtata Capital Radio in English 0800 GMT 5 Sep 86] /8309

KWANDEBELE RESIDENTS RECEIVE AID-—-The deputy minister of development and
land affairs, Mr Ben Wilkens, says residents of the 5,000 hectare area in
Kwandebele which is to be incorporated into Bophuthatswana will be compensated
by the South African Government and will be helped to move to another area in
Kwandebele if they so desire. Replying to the second reading debate on the
borders of particular states extension amendment bill in the House of
Delegates, Mr Wilkens said there was nothing in the bill to remove residents
forcibly if they wished to remain. If they moved they would get property
rights and the government would help them create infrastructures. The bill
was read a second time. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in English
0500 GMT 5 Sep 86] /8309

CSO: 3400/541

36


KwaNdebele Village Committees Call For End to Assembly
(THE NEW NATION, 28 Aug-10 Sep 86) ..

President of New Postal Union Describes Potential
(Vusi Khumalo Interview; THE NEW NATION, 28 Aug-10 Sep 86)

Zimbabwe Well-Drilling Machinery Welcomed in Rural KwaZulu
(CITY PRESS, 31 Aug 86) .csevcccccceccsccecccsceeceeceees

Briefs
Soweto Labor Stayaway Reported
KwaNdebele Residents Receive Aid

SOCLOPOLITICAL/OTHER

Poll Shows Urban Whites Approve News Clampdown
(SAPA, 3 Sep 86) vecccccccccccccccessccteccecceeseseees

Commentator Reports on Increasing Harassment Aimed at Tutu
(Quraish Patel; POST NATAL, 27-30 Aug 86) ...cseeceseceece

Nation's Military, Security Capabilities Praised
(Thomas P, Ofcansky; AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL, Aug 86) ....

Tenants Face Eviction for Refusing To Pay Rent Increases
(Rashida Dhooma; POST NATAL, 3-6 Sep 86) ..

SABC-TV To Introduce Morning News Show
(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 3:Sep 86) .cscceccccececee

Saawu Dissidents To Form New Trade Union
(CAPE TIMES, 23 Aug 86) .eseeccccsececcsscceeececceseesees

RSC Implementation Said To Be in Limbo
(Chris Cairncross; BUSINESS DAY, 28 Aug 86) .......0e00005

Local Government Options, Opposition to RSC's Gain Ground in Cape
(Dirk Van Zyl; EVENING POST, 2 Sep 86) ..csecscceeeeseeees

Briefs
Firestone Education Grant

ECONOMIC

Impala Raises Platinum Producer Prices
(BUSINESS DAY, 29 Aug 86) Poe e eee e cece eee e reece eetnees

Briefs
Subsidies for Farmers

32

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4a

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zakele, %

Members of the street
committee set out to trace
the youths, one of whom
was found hiding in a ward-
robe in a house in Kwa-
nobuhle, near Uitenhage,
and another found near the
scene of the alleged theft.

The car was recovered
and the youths were told by
the street committee to
obey their parents “be-
cause obedience and re-
spect are what a nation is
built on”.

The father said he saw
nothing wrong with people
trying to administer law
and order to bring about
peace among themselves.

“This method ‘of main-
taining order has been
meted out by the Xhosas.
before and it brought out
good results of peace and
tranquility to their nati

He said jailing youths
gaused them to become
“hardened criminals”,

ds
could be more effective in:
dealing with less serious

_Traditional mett

113104
cso: 3400/563

crimes and domestic trou-
bles.

“It is not customary for
your wife to report you to
the police when you assault
her.

“What would happen is
that relatives would sum-
mon the man and hand out
punishment, normally by
handing over money to the
wife’s father.

“Tf the woman was found
to have been the cause of
the trouble, she would be
ordered to stay in’ her
home.”

He said the street
committes had been
formed to make people
aware of how they could
benefit by returning to
their traditional way of liv-
ing.

But he pointed out that in
cases of more serious
crimes, it was accepted
that the police had to take
over.

At Veeplaas, Weekend
Post met five teenage
“comrades”.

Three said they were
working, one was unem-

29

ployed and one was still at
school, although he was not
attending at present.

All claimed residents
were aware there was a
new brand of gangsters
robbing people under the
pretext of being “com-
Tades”.

The new groups were
succeeding in their crimes
as they operated at night
and early morning while
Most of the residents were
indoors, obeying street
committee instructions not
to go out to shops and
shebeens, which have been
instructed to.close at 9pm.

Residents’ greatest fear
at present is of escalating
crime.

@ The police liaison offi-
cer for the Eastern Cape,
Major Eddie Everson, said
the South African Police
was well aware of all of the
activities of the so-called
“comrades”.

“That some are more
civilised than others is how-
ever a debatable point,” he
said.

‘The Bureau for Informa-
tion in Pretoria declined to
comment.



113104
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Growing respect? One either respects human rights or one does not,
and despite the fact that their report deals with ‘Namibia and Human
Rights’, I am prepared to wager that it contains not one word on
atrocities and human rights violations within the country, but is con-
cerned only with anti-Swapo propaganda.

AND BACK TO THE SWABC AND ITS ‘NEWS’

WE CHALLENGE the SWABC, and its Board, to produce for public
scrutiny, a policy statement, if they have one.

One can be sure that such a policy statement recommends coverage
only for pro-interim government groups and parties, and rejects those
opposed to the status quo. .

The SWABC is accountable, in the first instance, to the listeners
and viewers they serve, and not to their ‘bosses’ in the Tintenpalast.
They are funded with taxpayers money, and despite their propagan-
da to the contrary, the majority of those taxpayers do not share their
political preference.

It should not be too difficult for them to try and establish whether
those anti-Swapo groups they so freely give coverage to, have any
organisational base whatsoever. When propaganda takes preference
over news coverage, it is a sorry state of affairs indeed.

And listeners to Afrikaans and English services on the radio are
not as badly off as those tuning in to indigenous services, where the
propaganda is at its worst.

AND THE SELF-STYLED NATIONALISTS AT HOME?

AND WHAT did the self-styled nationalists and socalled socialists
back home have to say on the occasion of Namibia Day?

Not one word. A pall of silence hung over the Tintenpalast, and
those groups and parties which in former years would issue statements
to commemorate that day.

Their socalled principles abandoned to the winds. Instead of com-
memorating the lives of those Namibians lost in the armed struggle,
they instead choose to step up the anti-Swapo propaganda, and to
further exacerbate division.

Putting General Meiring on the TV screen to talk about Swapo ‘ter-
rorists’ should adequately show Namibians where the interim govern-
ment stands, and should provide the country with the evidence that
they are truly gripped by pro-South Africa fervour, having conve-
niently forgotten the Namibians who have lost their lives.

NO INTENTIONS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT

THEIR ATTITUDE should also show Namibians that they can forget
about an internationally-acceptable settlement while the interim
government is in power. They can forget about true observance of
fundamental human rights, and they can forget about impartiality,
from the interim government and its agencies, including the SWABC.
They can anticipate instead an increased anti-Swapo campaign which
will only serve to make reconciliation impossible and exacerbate civil
war conditions in this country.

15



the country,

The government of independent
Namibia must ensure that diamonds,
uranium, and base metal mining are
given the necessary assistance to con-
tinue production. This requires two
main moves. First. arrangements on a
stand-by basis, will be needed to replace
‘management teams which may be pull-
ed out by the outgoing illegal regime.
Second, arrangements will be needed to
secure the procurement of necessary
inputs.

RECOMMENDATIONS

1. The government should create a
ministry of mines and energy and cer-
tain public enterprises including a
Mineral Marketing Corporation and a
diamond valuing company. One of the
responsibilities of the ministry should
be to set up a strong planning depart-
ment to prepare plans and coordinate:
the development of the mining industry
in accordance with the national policy
objectives and strategies.

2. A parastatal organisation should be
established to assist the state in sectoral
planning, coordination, supervision,
and overall implementation of the min-
ing policy in relation to public enter
prise, including joint ventures,
marketing, procurement, and training,
and in respect of private mining enter-
prises as well. This should be an um-
brella organisation of the affiliates
within which existing and new com-
panies should be integrated to carry out
the following activities: *
(a) state participation in mining and
mineral resource development;
(b) preparation of feasibility studies and
promotion of projects;
(c) coordination of mineral resources
and industrial development for the
benefit of other ministries responsible
for the manufacturing and energy
industries;
(d) advising the relevant ministries on
the financing of mineral resource
development;
(e) initiating and reviewing corporate
plans and annual budgets for private
enterprise and joint venture companies
and monitoring their performances on
a regular basis;
(A) establishing and carrying out a man-
power and training coordination pro-
gramme for the entire mining sector;
(g) coordinating job descriptions for all
group companies;

/13104

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21

(h) coordinating and reviewing procure-
ment and marketing policies and prac-
tices of all mining companies with @
view to setting up @ public sector
marketing enterprise, and

(i) ensuring that policies of the govern-
‘ment regarding mining and mineral
development, within the context of the
development of the national economy
as a'whole, are implemented.

3. A decision should be made on ap-
propriate new ownership and control
arrangements in respect to the three
main mining units.

4. Mineral legistation should be enacted
in respect to (a) ownership of mineral
rights and procedures, fees ‘for granting
of prospecting and mining licences and
(b) the fiscal and financial regime for
mining enterprises,

5. The government should develop
analytical, technical and negotiating
capacity to operate the legislation and
the goals embodied in-it, first, in a sec-
toral ministry and, second, in a sectoral
coordinating public enterprise unit
(which would have the operating level
Public enterprises and joint ventures as
subsidiaries).

6. ‘Namibians should be identified for
training for the most critical projes-
sional, managerial, legal and other
‘posts.

7. A training programme should be
devised and launched to upgrade serv-
ing Namibian personnel and to begin
implementation of the goal of Nami-
dianisation of the middle and high level
personnel,

8. Steps should be taken to identify and
begin the development of replacement
base metal mines and developing an ex-
ploration and development strategy in-
cluding that for the hydrocarbons.

9. A comprehensive programme of
geological mapping should be
undertaken.

10. The government should encourage

the development of linkages between
mining and other sectors. Such linkages
should include the establishment of
plans to produce essential mine inputs,
including construction materials, sim-
ple tools, explosives and some complex
equipment and machinery.



HOPES DASHED THAT NATION WOULD ESCAPE SANCTIONS

Western Diplomats Quoted

The rash of speculation over
apossible exclusion from sanc-
tions was triggered by a remark
by a senior West German for-
eign office official, Mr Wolf-
gang Gertz, made at last
weekend’s ‘Interessengemein-
schaft’ congress:

He said in answer to a ques-
tion that the Bonn government
had never explicitly mentioned
Namibia in connection with
sanctions.

Pressed for amore unambig-
uous commitment by The Ad-
vertiser the following day, Mr
Gertz repeated that “Namibia
was never officially mentioned
in the context of the sanctions
debate in West Germany.’

Asked whether this meant
that the Bonn government
would propose the exclusion of
Namibia from sanctions, Mr
Gertz retorted “that’s not what
I said?

Further enquiries by The
Advertiser among British and
American sources, brought a
more definite ‘No’.

The inclusion or exclusion
of Namibia has never been dis-
cussed in London, that [S
true? said a well-informed

British source. “But that does

17

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 28 Aug 86 p 1

not mean the Western Five can
be expected to offer Namibia a
special deal. —_—..
Echoing The Advertiser’s
lead three weeks ago which was
headlined NAMIBIA: NO.
CHANCE OF ESCAPE
FROM SANCTIONS, Ameri-
can diplomats were explicit in
their pessimism on the issue..

As was the case with other
foreign affairs officials, they
showed sympathy for the
Namibian situation and felt a
good case could be made for
the separate and different
treatment of Namibia and a
protection from a punishment
aimed at South Africa.

But at the same time they
saw no chance that South Afri-
ca would be granted an escape
hatch from sanctions through
Namibia.

The RSA would be offered
am easy route for sanctions
busting if Namibia with its
South. Africa harbour of Wal-
vis Bay was open to trade
without any restrictions,

Diplomats said it was un-
likely Namibia would get
separate treatment from South
Africa until after indepen-
dence, .

NAMIBIA

[Text] A short surge of hope that Namibia could escape sanctions imposed on
South Africa have been dashed by statements from Western diplomats.



PERCY QOBOZA CRITICIZES SOWETO'S NEW DIRECTOR OF HOUSING
Johannesburg CITY PRESS in English 31 Aug 86 p 4

[Commentary by Percy Qoboza in Percy's Itch column]

[Text]

MAYBE the time has!
come for Soweto town
clerk Nico Malan to grab
his new director of hous-
ing, Del Kevan, put her on
his lap and gently explain
to her the REALITY of
the Soweto situation.

She’s just arrived — with
a polluted mind from the
stern racism of Pretoria
and the Ivory Tower arro-
gance of Randburg — and
has already become more
part of the problem, in the
rent boycott controversy,
than the solution.

There are intelligent
ways in which the rent
boycott deadlock can be
tackled, but hers is not one
of them. She is very insult-
ing and patronising to-
wards black people in gen-
eral.

In an interview pub-
lished this week in a daily
newspaper, she tried to
portray herself as the Mar-

ret Thatcher of Soweto.
f it weren't for the dan-
gerous climate of confon-
tation she is creating, one
could have shrugged one’s
shoulders and dismissed
the incident as another
typical example of yet an-
other ignorant old white
lady making a spectacle of
herself.

Listen to some of the
things she says: “This is
the first time I have

/13104
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worked in “black housing’

and must admit I have a
lot to learn. It’s very differ-
ent in many ways.”

You bet your ‘life it’s
different here. And if you
have so much to learn, |
Suggest you keep your
mouth shut and go about
the business of learning.

We are different —
apartheid has ensured
that. Kevan then goes on to
say that Soweto and the
white areas differ vastly in
terms of attitudes. Now lis-
ten carefully:

“I think the reason for
this is historical. Black
people have for: so ‘long:
been told they"have to ‘go,
this, they have’ to live’
there, they have to work

there, they may not go
there. They expect a great
deal more.”

And here comes what
must be the most callous
display of insensitivity and
ignorance: “In other areas,
if someone earns above a
certain amount, they have
to get out of that area and
move to more expensive
accommodation provided
by the council, or build
their own houses.”

Now snap out of it. This
is South Africa, you know.
The lives of black people
were and are a nightmare
because of the conse-
quences of apartheid — not
because they can't think
for themselves.

30

SOUTH AFRICA

To suggest that le
who can afford it can move
to more expensive council-
Provided accomodation is
utterly untrue,

For one, your council
has not built’ accommoda-
tion decent enough to
speak about.

With more than 20 000
families on the waiting list,
it.does not even have the
land to expand Soweto.
And all this is the result of
apartheid.

Does this lady under
stand that there are scores
of Soweto people who zan
afford to move into Lower
Houghton tomorrow at the
going price, but are denied
that right because of the
Group Areas Act?

Soweto’s dilemma could
have very serious and trag-
ic results. We need peopie
who display understand-
'ng, compassion, and
above all, diplomacy.

Not the kragdadigheid
and misguided face of Del

evan.

The one thing we do not
need in these difficult days
is a plastic lady playing
dangerously hard at be-
coming an iron lady.

My anger at this lady
has been diminished
slightly by the existence of
the emergency - I hope
she remembers we're liv-
ing under a state of emer-
gency.


REPORT ON TALKS WITH SWAPO LEADERS IN EXILE

Windhoek THE NAMIBIAN in English 29 Aug 86 p 11

[Article by Christo Lombard]

[Text]

THE GROUP of five white Nami-
bians who accompanied Mr Anton:
Lubowski to Lusaka to join the
10th anniversary celebrations of the
United Nations Institute for
Namibia (UNIN) and to have talks
with the Swapo leadership in exile,
were not the first non-Swapo
members to have crossed this kind
of Rubicon.

What apparently was new this
time was the fact that these people
seemingly had lost their cold water
fear to come out publicly with their
interest in Swapo and the Institute.

Personally 1 accepted the invitation
without hesitation for various reasons.
Firstly, I have become frustrated only
to hear about Swapo via one-sided pro-
paganda, while working together every
day at the Academy with so many open-
faced and Christian Swapo students.

To have turned down the invitation
to direct talks with the socalled ‘terrorist
leaders’ would have meant having too
little faith and courage to be open to the
possible correction of safeguarded opi-
nions - through personal dialogue and
the risks involved therein.

At the Academy, where I teach, a
number of people have already express-
ed the need for contact with UNIN for
quite some time now. Added to this
sudden opportunity of realising this en-
visaged academic contact was the ex-
citing prospect of personally meeting
President Kenneth Kaunda, whose work
on Christian humanism | greatly ad-
mire; of experiencing Lusaka, the focal
point of the African voice of liberation
and the southern African diplomatic

link to the international community;
and especially of meeting personally
with members of the Swapo Executive.

So it happened that on Friday after-
noon (August 22) our group was shown:
around in the Institute, which is quite
effectively housed in an old printing
house. Various displays, focusing 6n the
work done at UNIN and on aspects of
the. armed struggle, underlined the
educating and conscientising role of this
Institute - features which were also
stressed in a play ‘Without Fear’, which
was performed in the evening.

‘Showing us around were students and
staff who could hardly believe that their
guests were directly from ‘home’. At the
Institute [ met with a number of
teaching and research staff, who like all
academics worldwide, were interested in
what their counterparts were producing
(in Namibia).

1am very grateful for the fact that
I was supplied without hesitation, with
the most relevant publications of the In-
stitute and could on my part undertake
to send several research documents
from Windhoek to Lusaka. { can frank-
ly state that the amount and quality of
research undertaken during the first
decade of UNIN’s existence is
praiseworthy. The Director, Mr Hage
Geingob, can feei satisfied with what
has been achieved in this time. Of
course, the privileged researchers who
have the advantage of direct access to
primary sources in Namibia will be able
to complement certain aspects of the
studies undertaken by UNIN, but that
is exactly why I personally feel so
positive about future contact between
the Academy and the Institute.

That however, is a matter that will

12

NAMIBIA

have to be dealt with through the for-
mal decision-making channels at both
ends.

At the UNIN exposition, I was
especially privileged to meet a Swapo
chaplain, Reverend ‘Katalia’ Haikali,;
who showed me photographs of his:
church and congregation in the refugee
camp Nyango, where some 10 000
Namibians live in exile. Talking to him
‘one was impressed by his faith and hope
in encountering the hardships of a war
for independence.

On Saturday August 23, we sat
through a four hour programme in
celebration of the Institute’s 10th an-
niversary, at which occasion President
Kaunda launched the Comprehensive
Study (of more than 1000 pages),
“Perspectives for National Reconstruc-
tion and Development’, completed
shortly before the celebrations.

This really is an impressive study,
culminating out of all the work done at
UNIN within all relevant fields of
development: economics, agriculture,
natural resources, wildlife, tourism.
mining, energy, transport, housing,
education, culture, health, labour,
science, law etc.

During his speech at the packed
Mulungushi Hall President Kaunda sur-
prised all by calling forward his “guests
from Namibia’ to be introduced - an ex-
ercise which set loose quite a lot of emo-
tion, especially after the lack of
understanding of the Western powers
had been exposed, in a fiery speech by
Reverend Jesse Jackson from the USA.
and after Mr Sam Nujoma had accus-
ed the USA, the UK and Federal
Republic of Germany of opposing
Namibian independence by coi-


ANGOLA

BRIEFS

CHEMICAL WARFARE--The awesome prospect of chemical warfare has been brought to
Southern Africa as Bulgarian engineers are set to construct storage bunkers
for chemical and biological warfare canisters in Angola and Mozambique. It is
understood that Western security officials are alarmed by this development. A
European intelligence service has uncovered details of the programme. And
editor of the magazine Armed Forces Mr Peter McIntosh confirmed that the
details were given by him by a reliable intelligence source in Europe. In
Angola the rebel Unita leader, Dr Jonas Savimbi, confirmed the use of chemical
weapons, saying this week that his troops had encountered them in the
Cuito-Canavale area in recent days. According to the information gathered by
the European intelligence agency, the bunkers are to be constructed at unnamed
locations in Angola and Mozambique for the storage of bacteriological
canisters. The canisters will be shipped to Southern Africa by Bulgarian
ships some time in late September or October. The Cuban army, with troops or
advisers in both Angola and Mozambique, has chemical warfare formations
included in its order of battle - like the Warsaw Pact countries. Soviet
forces, or their surrogates, have in recent times introduced chemical warfare
to both Afghanistan and Iraq, the latter using it against Iran. The Angolan
and Mozambican wars present similar problems to those in Afghanistan to the
Soviets, who see chemcial weapons as a possible solution, say military
strategists. [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 24 Aug 86 p 4]
{Article by Stephen Terblanche] /13104

cso: 3400/571



urban and rural workers.

The first decisive
break from this set of

ass laws came with the

iekert Commission re-
port in 1979 following
the 1976 urban up-
risings.

The Commission re-
commended that Section
10(1) (a), (b) and (c)
Ti e extended to
urban Africans to
strengthen the barriers
against Section 10 (1)
(d) migrants.

At the same time the
state had conceived a
new system of urban
government in the form
of the Black Local
Authorities (BLA),
which were vital to the
success of Riekert's
strategy of controlling
the movement of people.

But the reality that
emerged following the
establishment of the

LA was very different.
Far from uplifting the
living standards in
townships, the local
authorities served only
to increase the fis
ourden of already
impoverished black loca-
iions.

Migrants from the
rural areas neighbouring
some of the industri:
centres continued to
commute to work daily.

Even employers in
some areas stopped
making the distinction
between urban Section
10 (1) (a), (b) and (c)
workers on the one hand
and migrant Section 10
(1) (c) workers on the
other. According to
Cobbett, an estimated 56
percent of all rural
people may be classified

urban”.

The Riekert strategy
was beginning to fail.

Trade unions also
started organising across
the Section 10 divide,
knocking another dent
into the battered Riekert

/13104
cso: 3400/563

strategy.

The government had
nevertheless succeeded
in moving millions of
people from where they
were to where it wanted
them to be.

Between the period
1964 when the influx
control laws were most
strictly applied, to 1979
when Riekert emerged
onto the scene, more
than 3-million people
had been moved.

This programme of
relocation had been
carried out alongside
massive expulsion of
black labour from white
farms following intens-
ive mechanisation.

At the same ume there
began an elaborate re-
drawing of white SA's
boundries. Overnight,
hundreds -of thousands
who had merely been
travelling to work —
inside SA — by bus,
were transformed into a
new breed of cross-
border commuters. Tee
were no longer re
as urban ‘Afseans.

In short weil over 3,5-
million people were not
where they had been 20
yeas ago. Some were

‘orcibly removed to
homelands. For others
the homelands literally
came to them — via a
pencil line on a map.

The state therefore
already seemed to have
the Population where it
wanted it, both literally
and figuratively. Geo-
graphically this assu-
mption might be true.
Politically, it definitely is
not.

The white paper on
Orderly Urbanisation is
meant to preserve these
achievements through
what appears to be a
racially neutral strategy.

_ As in the case of
influx control through

pass laws, people will -

27

not be allowed to settle
anywhere. And to con-
trol people moving into
the "wrong" area, or to
stop an area growing too
fast, local authorities in
the form of Regional
Services Councils
(RSC), will be given
to control

il’ nt legislati
will employ legislation
like the Stums act and
the Prevention of Illegal
Squatting Act.

An example of this
operation in practice, is
the bulldozing of shacks
in Kabah near Uitenhage

- and the removal of

residents to Kwa-
Nobuhle. The operation
was carried out in terms
of the Orderly Urban-
isation policy.

The Crossroads vio-
lence and removals to
Khayelitsha, as well as
the Winterveld remo-
vals, can be linked to
this policy.

And the number of -
examples will increase

- as the policy takes hold.

The definition of the
term foreigners and their
treatment in terms of the
white paper is another
feature of the state's
revised policy of cont-
rolled in.

It extends the
definition of foreign
workers to include the
TBVC areas. This
allows it to repatriate
thousands of "redundant
or surplus" workers to
the homelands.

To further enforce its
control over the free
movement of people, the
government has also

ned to slap heavy
fines on employers
hiring "foreigners" who
do not have recognised
work permits.

Tn sum then, nothing
has really changed.



OFS'S NATIONAL PARTY LEADER COMPARES ANC, AWB

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 3 Sep 86 pis

{Text ]

— The ANC and the
Afrikanerweerstands-
beweging (AWB) had
a parallel goal — to
make South Africa un-
governable — the lead-
er of the Orange Free.
State National Party,
Mr Kobie Coetsee,,
said yesterday. ‘

He opened the party’s
73rd congress and said
that although the AWB’s
effort appeared to be far-
cical, they were nonethe-
less dangerous, and.
would resuit in the same
destination for South
Africa sought by the:com-
munists and the ANC —
the destruction of the
State.

Mr Coetsee, who dlong
with his executive was
unanimously re-elected,
said that “the new voice”
of the Federal Congress
had been aired by the
Transvaal leader, Mr F W
de Klerk, on the issue of
group rights.

In this regard the con-
gress had given a clear

message: .
“The challenge is to
balance group rights with
individual rights and to
find a new set of values
and norms that apply.
“This is the sound of a
new voice which must be

broadcast effectively,” he
said.

“The desire of the Nat-
ional Party Government
is not to dominate or to
suppress, but to govern
South Africa with jus-
tice,” he said.

He said om Republic
Day the AWB had dis-
tributed pamphlets at the
Voortrekker Monument
tally entitled “Manifesto
of the Transvaal Separat-

This pamphlet indi-
cated that the so-called
separatists would put up
partyless candidates in
elections against _ even
Right-wing parties such as
the HNP and CP. Once a
candidate won a seat it
would be considered free
from the rest of the Re-
public on second and
third tier government le-

vels.

“In other words these
separatists wish to use the
election mechanism to
win Seats and then refuse
to submit to the authority
of the State.

“On second and third
tier such conquered areas
are to be governed
according to the rules of
the separatists.

“They will therefore
create alternative govern-
ment structures.

24

SOUTH AFRICA

“Who are these separa-
tists? Who else but the
AWB in disguise?” Mr
Coetsee asked.

It was a ludicrous but"
very dangerous concept,
he said. It was dangerous
because it set parallel
goals to those of the
ANC, who. wanted to
make .South Africa un-
governable.

The ANC also wanted
to free certain areas from
Central Government con-
trol and would, once
South Africa was “ungov-
erable”, establish a gov-
emment in exile that
would gain recognition as
Tepresenting those second
and third tier government
zones that had been
“freed”.

The leader of the
AWB, Mr Eugene Ter-
re’Blanche, was present-
ing himself as a new
Moses with his slogan of
“Let my people go.”

Tt should be noted that
Chief Albert Luthuli, for-
mer leader of the ANC,
had also given his autobi-
ography the title of “Let
my people go”.

The AWB was also try-
ing to create the impres-
sion that it could take:
Over the role of the secur-
ity forces through its
“rowdy militancy”, as a


TANZANIAN REPORTAGE ON SADCC DEVELOPMENTS

Cooperation After Sanctions

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

Dar Es Salaam TANZANIA SUNDAY NEWS in English 24 Aug 86 p 1

[Article by Mbena Mwanatongoni of Shihata]

[Text]

«HE Southern Africa Develop-
ment Co-ordination Conference
(SADCC) countries have unani-
mously pledged to co-operate
closely with each other to ease
the adverse impact on their
economies following their
resolve to impose sanctions on
racist South Africa.

A joint communique released
here this evening after a day-
fong- SADTC Summit meeting
said the Heads of State and Gov-
ermment had reiterated not to do
anything that would undermine
the effectiveness of sanctions
imposed of South Africa by the
international community.

The summit also felt that
although the individual member
states may not themselves be ina
position to impose sanctions,
SADCC member states vuinera-
bility shoud not be taken as an
excuse by others for not impos-
ing sanctions,

The SADCC position on the
question of sanctions comes in
the wake of the worsening politi-
cal and security situation in
Southern Africa and the effects
of intensifying popular opposi-
tion to apartheid and South Atri-
can regime's reaction to it.

The summit also condemned
South Africa for its continued
acts of aggression and,
destabilisation of | SADCC
member states especially the

blockade of Lesotho in January
and the attacks on Gaborone,
Harare, Lusaka and Namibia in
May this year and the current
disruption of Zambian and Zim-
babwean trade traffic.

The SADCC summit further’
urged the international com-
munity to expedite the release of
resources for the implementa-
tion ‘of the projects under
SADCC programmes to speed
up the reduction of the depen-
dence of SADCC.

Efforts being made by the
international community aimed
at accelerating the dismantling
of apartheid have been com-
mended by the Summit which
met here under the chairman-
ship of Botswana President
Quett Masire.

The | Summit meeting
approved the annual report cov-
ering August 1985 to August
1986 and noted with satisfaction
the progress which has been
achieved during the period.

The communique said that the
summit noted “‘as a result of the
return of normal rains in most
member states and improve-
ments in agricultural productiv-
ity, the food position in the reg-
10n has improved considerably
although the — situation. in
Angola, Botswana and Mozam-
bique was of great concern”. ~

rought had persisted in
Botswana. and in Angota and

Mozambique, the South African
supported bandit activity has dis-
rupted food production and dis-
tribution. .

The summit to noted the criti-

cal importance of developing
coherent and comprehensive
regional approach to agricultural
production and food security,
and urged’ SADCC ministers
Tesponsible for agriculture to
‘redouble their efforts in this
regard.
_ Present_at the Summit meet-
ing were Tanzania President Ali
Hassan Mwinyt. Angolan Presi-
dent Jose Eduardo dos Santos.
Lesotho Chairman of the Milit-
ary Council Major. General J.
Lekhanya. Mozambique Presi-
dent Samora Machel. Zambian
President Kenneth Kaunda.
Zimbabwe Prime Minister
Robert Mugabe. Malawi Minis-
ter of Trade. Industry and
Tourism, W.B. Deleza and
Swaziland Minister of Finance
and B.S. Dlamini.

The meeting was also
attended by representatives of
Southern © Africa__ liberation
movements, ANC President
Oliver Tambo. SWAPO's Sam
Nujoma and PAC Chairman
Johnson Mlambo.

The next meeting will be held
in August 1987 in Lusaka. Presi-
dent Mwinyi returned to Dar es
Salaam yesterday.



INDUSTRIAL/S&T

New Laser System Described
(Henri Du Plessis; THE ARGUS, 19 Aug 86) ....csecececeeees 53

Briefs
Exodus From Computer Firms 54

/9986


laborating with South Africa,

President Kaunda impressed our
‘delegation’ with his straightforward
Christian approach to politics with the
emphasis on neighbourly love and the
brotherhood of man, all men being
equally created in the image of the God
of Love. He got very upset when he in-
dicated how South Africa’s total
disregard of these basic human perspec-
tives could still lead to a terrible blood-
bath in the whole southern Africa
region.

After the celebration programme we
met at President Kaunda’s State House
with the Swapo delegation, consisting
of Mr Sam Nujoma, Mr Theo-Ben
Gurirab, Mr Hidipo Hamutenya and
Mr David Shimvino. The atmosphere
was friendly, the talks were frank and
wide-ranging, and I believe very infor-
mative for both sides. It is difficult
simply-to summarise what has been
said, and of course all the crucial ques-
tions could not be dealt with

wuately.

I will only be able to focus on some
relevant issues in an abbreviated
question-answer form.

Question: Why can Swapo not join the
interim government in negotiating
independence? .

Answer: Because that would really
jeopardise the only internationally ac-
ceptable and approved modus operan-
di to immediate independence: Resolu-
tion.43S. To play along with the ‘pup-
pet government’ would mean playing
into the hands of the South African
‘masters’ who alone have the real power
to set Namibia free and who will then
have even more leverage to ‘shift the
furniture around’ (with the Cuban
linkage, the priority of first drawing up
a constitution etc), with the effect of the
Namibian issue dropping even further
down on the international agenda. That
is why the armed struggle must be kept
up until such time as the South African
Government agrees to free, fair and
supervised elections, according to
Resolution 435, without further ado.
Swapo has time and again indicated
their willingness to sign a ceasefire for
immediate implementation of this inter-
nationally accepted Resolution, but it
is the South Africans who believe the
myth of first eliminating Swapo.
Question: What wouid an independent
Namibia under a Swapo government
look like and do whites have a place

113104
cso: 3400/559

there? :
Answer: Although Swapo is presently
engaged in thorough analyses of the
needs and priorities that will need at-
tention in a post-independence
Namibia, there are no blueprints being
developed. First priority is in-
dependence, elections and the drawing
up of a constitution. Then it will be left
to the elected National Assembly to
develop national strategies and policies
+ which will ipso facto rely on studies
already undertaken. In that sense
Namibia (in comparison with so many
other African countries) will be in the
privileged position of having a fully
prepared and trained administration,
immediately after independence.

__ Swapo has no inclination of chasing
away whites; on the contrary, all
patriotic Namibians who can help
building up one common nationhood
will be more than welcome.

Neither is it Swapo’s intention to con-
fiscate private property or to nationalise
productive units. What will receive
priority attention is the living conditions
of deprived people: food, shelter,
education and health, and also work,
will have to be supplied to the masses
who suffered for so.long under colonial
circumstances. The government will
surely have to intervene in situations
where under- or over-exploitation of
Namibian resources are clearly taking.
place. Swapo is no marxist organisa-
tion, it simply usés the available help to
set free the Namibian people to deter-
mine their own destiny democratically.

Our delegation expressed our amaze-
ment that Swapo did not go to greater
trouble to develop itself as a party with
this kind of political programme that
we could discuss with the leadership so
openly. Here I can only agree with Mrs
(Annchen) Parkhouse that one would
really like to see more Namibians talk-
ing with Swapo leaders to gain their
own independent impressions.

My personal impressions of this visit
to Lusaka will not be complete if I did
not acknowledge that a number of ques-
tions still remain, which I hope can be
tackled in another round. Although, I
must immediately add that I wonder
whether one could expect an adequate
answer in a situation where war, spies,
sounter-spies and propaganda is
rampant.

In my own mind three serious ques-
tions still linger on:

13

© T have been impressed by the depth:
of expertise and leadership in the higher
‘Swapo ranks, but even so I have to ask
this question hesitatingly: Is the Swapo
leadership not too much of an elitist
character? Acknowledging Swapo’s
overwhelming grassroots support, one
wonders whether the Swapo leadership
can really keep up grassroot contact
with the suffering people, also those af-
fected directly through the war? Some
people I admire for their community
work, have the impression that the
leadership is not doing enough to
launch, support or incorporate educa-
tional and development activities under-
taken by independent initiatives in the
country. Surely we must ‘do what our
hands find to do’, aiso in the meantime
- we cannot simply wait for in-
dependence as the final solution to all
the pressing problems facing our
people.

* The last question links up with my
own personal hangup about violence.
know that one cannot simply say (with
an easily-pacified pacifist mind):
anything is better than violence! But:
has this war not taken too high a toll
as yet? Has the internal Swapo offen-
sive not failed in accompanying the
armed struggle with responsible non-
violent campaigns and actions - protests
without which the ‘comrades’ up north
may very well keep on dying in vain for
quite some time?

A final question remains, aimed at
the five whites who went for these talks
with Swapo. Have we been taken for a
ride? Are we merely part of a Swapo
publicity stunt? Do we only want to en-
sure our own safety in the future
Swapo-dominated Namibia?

This is a question everyone will have
to answer for him or herself, and which
only the future can judge properly. Of
course, we could have been very naive
and misled, although we sincerely do
not think so. My critical remarks are
also based on the open-minded and
critical approach I encountered in our
discussions. If we are misled, 1 admit
it will be a sad thing.

But I want to pose a counter ques-
tion: will it not be a more tragic thing
if all those whites and other Namibians
who merely rely on mass media pro-
jaganda wake up one day to realise that
they have been misled by the Namibian
Muzorewas and that they were delay-
ing real liberation?



|

agnculture — Zimbabwe and
tourism and land conservation
— Lesotho.

Botswana will coordinate crop
research and livestock disease
control, Swaziland — manpower
development, Mozambique —
communications and transport,
Angola — energy and Malawi
— fisheries, wildlife and fores-
try.

« Anintra-SADCC trade prom-
otion programme has been
approved with three major ele-
ments:

*®A system of direct trade
measures and bilateral trade
agreements such as multi-annual-
purchase agreements, counter
purchase, preferential import
licensing,

~ ethe exchange of trade prefer-
ences among member-states that
will takevinto account their exist-
ing obligation, and

= esupplementary __ financial
mechanisms for extra-SADCC

113104
CSO: 3400/560

trade to ease the constraints ans-
ing from exchange difficulties
alli

ing for the establishing of a.

regional export credit facility
and national export refinancing
revolving funds in those member
states where they are needed.

+ It-is: believed that emphasis
will now be placed on material
production focusing particu-
larly on agriculture, industry and
mining, all of which have lin-
kages with energy, transport and
communications and trade.
instead of the previous emphasis
on infra-structural rehabilita-
tions.

The SADCC summit meeting
which opened here is expected to
receive the 1985 annual progress
report whose economic perfor-
mance is generally viewed as
gloomy in most countries while
external debt and balance of
payment problems have
remained severe.

SADCC: sources said Bots-

wana and Zimbabwe had
recorded appreciable overall
levels of economic growth
while the regional —politi-
cal and security situation arising
directly from’ the deepening
crisis ‘of apartheid in South
Africa deteriorated amid acts of
aggression and destabilisation by
racist South Africa against
SADCC states.

The sources said. however.
that despite the unpleasant
background. implementation of
the Lusaka Programme of
Action continued with vigour.
and that international support
for SADCC had increased.

A number of important new
initiatives were witnessed in
1985, the sources said. adding
that SADCC had undertaken a
detailed review of its organisa-
tion, procedures and consuita-
tive arrangements, five year sec-
toral strategies were formulated
and the first regional macro-
economic survey undertaken.



CREATION OF MINERAL MARKETING CORPORATION URGED

Windhoek THE NAMIBIAN in English 29 Aug 86 p 9

[Text]

NAMIBIA IS endowed with substantial
mineral resources. In addition to the
high current levels of mineral produc-
tion, the territory has huge mineral
reserves. In recent years, minerals have
accounted for almost half of GDP, and
about 85 percent of the total exports.
Tax receipts from this source constitute
about haif of the estimated government
revenue. Mineral sales including
uranium amounted to R869.6 million in
1980. Mineral exports have earned a
steady stream of foreign exchange for
the South African Reserve Bank -
‘equivalent to almost a quarter of South
Africa’s own non-gold mineral exports
im the 1960s. By 1985, about 23 000 peo-
ple were employed in the mining sector,
‘accounting for about 6 percent of total
wage employment including domestic
service. Due to the capital intensive
nature of its operations, the mining sec-
tor is a relatively smail generator of
employment.

The mining industry is divided into
four major branches, viz. diamonds,
uranium, base metals and industrial
minerals. With the exception of in-
dustriai minerals, each of these bran-
ches is dominated by one large company
- Consolidated Diamond Mines (CDM)
in diamonds; Rio Tinto Zinc (RTZ) in
uranium, and Tsumeb Corporation in
base metals. These three companies ac-
count for 90 percent of production in
terms of value. All three are South
African controlled - two controlled by
the Anglo-American/De Beers group
and one by the South African state - and
all three involve major transnational
corporations (TNCs). Other western
corporations have been involved in pro-
specting or mining - and still more in
processing of Namibian minerals in
violation of the [974 United Nations
Decree Number | for the Protection of
Natural Resources of Namibia.

19

Namibia’s mines have provided very
high surpluses to TNCs and other
foreign economic interests. In return for
the support the TNCs give to the illegal
administration regime, they are taxed
considerably less than in other African
countries. Rossing Corporation for ex-
ample, was allowed to pay no tax at all
for five years until its profits equalled
the capital invested in the mine.

Foreign ownership of the mining sec-
tor has therefore resulted in a high
outflow of wealth from Namibia in the
form of externalisation of profits,
dividends, interest payments, capital
transfers and other remittances. These
outflows of wealth have resulted in the
massive gap between the GDP and
GNP of the territory, demonstrating
that Namibian wealth is drained out of
the country to the detriment of its
people.

Proved and provable reserves of gem
diamonds available in Namibia may be
up to 30 million carats. In addition, it
is estimated that there are up to 30 000
carats of industrial stones in the
territory.

Diamond production in the territory
is currently carried out by CDM which
is a wholly-owned subsidiary of De
Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. De
Beers is, in turn, effectively a part of
the Anglo American Group. CDM, via
these connections, is linked to the min-
ing and mining finance companies
throughout the world.

The only operating uranium mine in
Namibia is Rossing Uranium Ltd. The
mine, developed in defiance of Decree
Number 1 of the UN Council for
Namibia, is operated by RTZ. In 1980,
the ownership of Rossing Uranium Ltd
was as follows: Rio Tinto (UK) 46.5
percent; Industrial Development Cor-
poration (South Africa) 13.2 percent;
Rio Algom Mines Ltd (Canada) 10.0

NAMIBIA



~ JPRS-SSA-86-102
“9 OCTOBER 1986

: : ? Sub-Saharan Africa Report =

] FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
coe | REPRODUCED By ie ear LY

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
NATIONAL TECHNICAL,
INFORMATION SERVICE
SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161



many ECC activities, the organisation
claims there are roughly 7,000 draft dodg-
ers living in Europe while thousands of
other young men are simply refusing to re-
port for induction.

Despite these difficulties, joint SADF/SAP
operations in black townships have yieldec
impressive results. Ouring the first half of
1985, for example, authorities arrested
most leaders of the United Oemocratic
Front, a loose coalition of some 600 anti-
apartheid groups. By the end of the year.
the SADF was working in near perfect uni-
son with the SAP. On December 11th, 1985,
for example, approximately 800 troops and
police were deployed to a section of Gugu-
letu, near Capetown, for the fifth time in two
weeks. Police investigations teams de-
tained a number of people for further ques-
tioning while SADF personnel erected road-
blocks and cordoned off the area. Police
and South African Air Force helicopters
monitored the operation from the air, which
ended quickly and without incident. The
SADF's*presence in black townships has
also enabled the police to identify and ap-
prehend hundreds, if not thousands, of dis-
sidents and suspected trouble makers. Un-
doubtedly, the township violence of the last
two years would have been much worse
were it not for the SADF's ability to carry
out this new and demanding mission
quickly and efficiently.

Apart from these domestic activities, the
SAOF also has shown that it can strike any-
where in Southern Africa to protect South
Africa from cross border infiltration and
violence by members of the African Natio-
nal Congress (ANC) and the South West Af-
rica People’s Organisation (SWAPO). By the
mid-1980s, infiltration routes into South Af-
vica ‘ncluded the border between Angoia
an- samibia ; and Mozambique, Botswana.
Staziland, and South Africa. Although a
Fecsually trained SAP task force originally

nded security in these areas, increased
guerrilla activity forced the military to as:
Sume a greater border defence role. In Pre-
tor2. on November 29th, 1985, Minister of
Lqw and Order Louis Le Grange announced
‘thet the SADF would replace border police-
men, especially along the Zimbabwe and
etswana frontiers. To carry out this new
ayssion, the SADF turned white border
tes into high priority “military zones.”
and the government plans to purchase an
ekectronic warning border fence from Israel
{oerect along the Zimbabwe border.

‘AS far as the South African government is
concerned, the failure of border patrols to
fap all SWAPO and ANC infiltration into
Nimibia and South Africa justified SAOF
Sinkes at guerrilla bases in neighbouring

42

quuntries. The constant threat of these
ross border raids, coupled with South Afri-
«28 aggressive foreign policy. has paid

iplomatic and military dividends. In 1984,
South Africa concluded non-aggression
zacts with Angola (Lusaka Agreement) and
‘Aozambique (Nkomati Accord), which
‘elped reduce infiltration. Since then the
3ADF has kept up pressure on these and
other governments suspected of harbouring
guerrillas by launching attacks on guerrilla
targets throughout southern Africa with
relative impunity.

The most recent and most daring cross
vorder raid occurred on May 19th, 1986,
when the SADF, supported by the SAP and
the South African Air Force, struck sus-
pected ANC targets in Zimbabwe. Bot-
swana, and Zambia. During the action, at
least three people were killed and thirteen
wounded. immediately afterwards, the
South African government released a state-
ment claiming that the raid had destroyed
an ANC operational center and terrorist
transter facility in Harare, Zimbabwe
another terrorist transfer facility at Mogadit-
sane, outside Gaborone, Botswana ; and an
ANC “Department of Information and Publi-
city” and operational center on the Makeni
plots south-west of Lusaka, Zambia.

Even though there was almost universal
international condemnation of these raids,
the South African government remained un-
repentant. In remarks before the House of
Delegates, State President P.W. Botha
claimed that South Africa only delivered
“the first installment’ and that it would
“continue to strike against ANC base facili-
ties in foreign countries in accordance with
‘our legal right." In view of the fact that the
SADF is the strongest military in Africa, it is
likely that cross border raids will remain an
important component of South Africa's de-
fence policy, if for no other reason than to
demonstrate the country's resolve to conti-
nue the struggle against its enemies.

‘Apart from these military considerations,
the SADF also has acquired the political
skills necessary to wage a long-term pro-
tracted conflict. Indeed, unlike other
western countries that have had to fight
such wars - most notably the French in Al-
geria and Vietnam and the Portuguese in
Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea Bissau -
the SADF, so far, has not allowed politics to
interfere with military policy. This is due
largely to the SADF's ability to work with
and, when necessary, manipulate the
country's political system. The military's in-
fluence stems largely. although not solely.
from the fact that the SADF personnel, in-
cluding the service's chief. serves on the
State Security Council (SSC). a centralised
organisation responsible for maintaining


EXPULSION OF NORTH KOREANS VIEWED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 Aug 86 p 6

{Text ]

/13104

MASERU — The expulsion of
three North Korean diplomats is
the biggest setback in Lesotho for
the Communist bloc since the
military coup that overthrew for-
mer Prime Minister Leabua Jon-
athan in January.

The North Koreans were given
two weeks to leave Lesotho by
the military government. which
accused them of interfering in
Lesotho's internal affairs. The
government gave no details of
the alleged interference.

The only indication of what it
might be was the announcement
on Thursday that the government
was restricting the movements of
the former Prime Minister. five
of his former ministers and his
former private secretary.

The announcement was linked
to a warning to unnamed foreign
diplomats in Lesotho to stop in-
terfering in the countrv’s internal
affairs. This has caused specula-
tion that the North Koreans were
involved in ‘anti-government acti-
vities by Chief Jonathan and his
supporters.

Earlier this year the military
government warned Chief Jon-

cso: 3400/571

athan to stop political activity.
Chief Jonathan opened diplomat-
ic relations with North Korea.
the Soviet Union and China be-
fore his ousting by the military
government in January.

At the same time Chief Jonath-
an broke off diplomatic relations
with the South Koreans. The new
friendship with the Communist
bloc alarmed Pretoria and it is
believed to have expressed its
continuing concern to. the new
military government headed by
Major General -Metsing Lekhan-
ya.

However. knowledgable
sources have dismissed sugges-
tions that the North Koreans
were ousted to please Pretoria.
One possibility. observers here
have suggested. is that the mili-
tary government was preparing
to break relations with North
Korea to open the way for a re-
sumption of relations with South
Korea.

‘A special South Korean envoy
recently visited Maseru in what
was widely seen here as a pre
liminary move towards restoring
relations with. Seoul.

LESOTHO


EQUATORIAL GUINEA

BRIEFS

NIGERIA DONATES NAVAL VESSEL—-Nigeria's donation of a naval vessel to
Equatorial Guinea. Nigeria has donated a naval boat worth about 1.5 million
naira to the government of Equatoria Guinea to enable it to establish its own
navy. The boat was to be formally handed over at a ceremony in the capital of
Equatorial Guinea on June 27th. The Nigerian Ambassador to that country, Navy
Capt Festus Porbene, announced this on June 16th when he visited the Rivers
State Broadcasting Corporation in Port Harcourt. [Text] [Paris AFRICAN
DEFENCE JOURNAL in English Aug 86 p 24] /13104

cso: 3400/565



Fifty per cent.of young women aged 18-24 said the clamp down on information
was "cause for concern." Compared with only 32 per cent who said the
situation met with approval.

On the level of awareness, 47 per cent of both language groups said they
made definite efforts to try and find out and understand what was happening,
compared with 43 per cent who kept vaguely aware of events compared with

10 per cent who said they simply "ignored everything."

/8309
CSO: 3400/540

38



NEW 'ORDERLY URBANIZATION' SEEN WORSE THAN PASS LAWS

, Johannesburg THE NEW NATION in English 28 Aug-10 Sep 86 p 7

[Text]

INFLUX contol, which
has historically been the
subject of widespread
resistance, ranging from
peaceful protest to vio-
lent confrontation, has
undergone yet another
transformation.

The first followed the
Riekert Commission re-
port in 1979. The
second and most recent
has been what the
government has widely
publicised as the “scrap-
ping" of the infamous
pass laws.

Orderly Urbanisa-
tion”, which is to replace
the racist influx control
laws, has, however,
been described as more
brutal than the pass laws
ever were.

Evidence to support
these claims can be
found in strong allega-
tions made recently of
state complicity in the
recent Crossroads vio-
lence and the bulldozing
of squatter camps under
the cover of darkness.

And for some sections
of the urban African

opulation, “Orderly
Ei anisation” has led to
a worsening of the
situation.

They have, ironically
enough, lost the limited
protection that was af-

forded them by Section.
10. The direct impli-
cation of this, for
example, is that rent
boycotters can be evicted
under the squatting and
tresspassing laws that
now apply to urban
residents as well. .

These laws, which
were extended to include
urban residents foll-
owing the PC report, are
designed to effectively
force people to join the
urt tion process on
the outlying peripheries.

These developments
have fuelled widespread
suspicions which in turn
have led to a far more
sober look at the govern-
ment's Orderly Urban-
isation strategy.

The liberal mass
media hastily welcomed
it and proclaimed that
racist pass laws were
dead.

THE NEW NATION,
however, spoke to Wil-
liam Cobbett, research
fellow at the Wits Uni-
versity's sociolo; o
artment. He has cond
ucted extensive research
into controlled urban-
isation.

"To adequately ans-
wer the question,”
Cobbett points out, "one
has to examine the

26

SOUTH AFRICA

nature of pass laws and
the Riekert Commission,
and what was achieved
by these two strategies.

“The key question to
ask is: Has influx
control been lifted and in
what way, and to what
extent are African people
freer than they were, say
six months ago?

"The pass laws were
essentially violent and
affected lose nee

lion people. They
have criminalised entire
generations of South
Africans,” he says.
__ It was explicitly racist
in its implementation,
primarily affecting Afri-
can men and women.
__ It was also more than
just racist - it was an
ideological tool used in
the defence of some
notion of white supre-
macy,
One of its prime
mctions was to differe-
ntiate between Africans
deemed "necessary lab-
our" for economic
growth and to expel the
Test to 4 marginal
existance of poverty and
often starvation in
reserves the government
calls independent or self-
governing states.

. The pass laws did not

distinguish between


/13104

South Africa's security, and for formulating
most defence-related foreign and domestic
policies. This arrangement ensures that
SADF views and interests are represented
and advanced to an extent that is unique
among western military organisations

The other factor accounting for the
SADF's political acumen concerns its
unique relationship with State President
P.W. Botha. Although Botha lacks military
experience, he oversaw the growth of the
SADF and the Armaments Development and
Production Corporation (Armscor) during
his tenure as Minister of Defence (1966-
1980). After being elected Prime Minister in
1978, Botha continued to rely on uniformed
advisers for advice and support. He also
has seiected senior SADF officers to serve
‘on government advisory bodies and diplo-
matic negotiating teams. On a more practi-
cai level, the SADF clears all reports of
military movements or operations before
publication, thereby helping to ensure a
favourabie public attitude toward the mili-
tary.

In addition to exerting its influence in the
government, the SADF, or to be more pre-
cise some senior SAODF officers, have
shown a capacity for independent political
action. Approximately a year and a half
after South Africa concluded a non-aggres-
sion pact - known as the Nkomati Accord -

cso: 3400/566

43

with Mozambique in 1984, Mozambican
government troops captured the so-called
Dhiakama diaries trom the Mozambique
National Resistance (MNR) headquarters
These documents revealed that SADF per-
sonnei had vioiated the accord by continu-
Ing to supply the anti-Marxist MNR with
arms and other military equipment
Interestingly enough, after the chief of
South Africa's armed forces, General Con-
stand Viljoen publicly admitted that the
SADF had willfully and without government
authority flouted the agreement with Mo-
Zambique. State President Botha issued a
statement claiming the general was “a
brave and honourable officer.” and the vic-
tim of a “communist” smear campaign. To
date. the South African government has not
disciplined any officer connected with this
incident. In summary, therefore, the SADF's
military capabilities have kept pace with the
mounting internal and external threats
against South Africa. Moreover, the SAOF
has avoided the domestic political derision
that has so often impaired the etforts of
other western nations engaged in pro-
tracted conflicts. Thus, no matter how ap-
Pealing the specter of a crumbling South
African military establishment may be, all
available evidence suggests that it pos-
sesses the fighting ability and political sup-
Port necessary to defend South Africa for
the forseeable future.


/13104
cso:

3400/571

columnist had described
it,

It had been reported
that on May 25 this year
the AWB had sent a
threatening telex to the
ANC warning that it
would not be allowed to
gain a foothold in South
Africa.

“The meaning of these
AWB actions is that they
appropriate to themselves
the authority of the Cen-
tral Government and
present themselves as a
government within the
State in communicating
with South Africa’s ene-
mies. — Sapa.

25



Mwinyi Urges Stronger Ties

Dar Es Salaam TANZANIA DAILY NEWS in English 23 Aug 86 p 1

[Text]

PRESIDENT Mwinyi has urged
the strengthening of co-opera-
tion among member countries of
the Southern Africa Develop-
ment Co-ordination Conference
(SADCC) and called on them to
support sanctions against the
apartheid regime in South
Africa.

Speaking at the SADCC Sum-
mit meeting in Luanda, Angola.
esterday, the President said
Yonzanixs continued support
for SADCC was based on the
conviction that a planned and co-
ordinated approach to develop-
ment efforts would greatly
enhance the country's struggle
for collective ‘self-reliance and
thereby reduce economic depen-
dence on South Africa.

“In view of the current situa-
tion in South Africa, co-opera-
tion among SADCC member
states is extremely important”,
President Mwinyi said. “Let us
work closely together until apar-
theid is completely dismantled
so that we direct all our efforts
towards the economic and social
development of our people”, he
added.

He said as the demand for
comprehensive and mandatory
sanctions against South Africa
was gaining += = momentum.
SADCC member states could do

Dar Es Salaam TANZANIA

(Text ]

TANZANIA has been
appointed coordinator of a new
sector of trade and industry
created under the Southern Afri-
can Development Co-ordination
Conference (SADCC).

The SADCC Council of
Ministers. which met here on
Wednesday prior to the summit

DAILY

no less than support the call for
sanctions against the apartheid
regime.

However, the President noted
that SADCC was mindful of the
fact that there were some
neighbouring states which,
because of historical and geog-
taphical factors, found them-
selves bound to the South Afri-

tle they could do to isolate South
Africa,

“It is important. therefore,
that in discussing ways and
means of strengthening co-oper-
ation among our countries, we
must at the same time devise a.
contingency plan aimed at
alleviating the impact of Sanc-
tions on some of our member.
states”, President Mwinyi stres-
sed. nas eal

He was happy to note that
adequate preparations for such a
contingency plan had been made
and the summit meeting was

required to take a decision on .

the matter. tows

The President _ reiterated
Tanzania's’ readiness to offer
whatever-assistance the country
might be called upon to provide
saying:

“Thave, for example, saidona
number of occasions that Tan-
zania will put the Port of Dar es

Salaam at the disposal of those
SADCC member states who will
be forced to divert their cargo as
a result of sanctions either
against South Africa or sanctions
against these countries by South

Alrica itself”,

“But we must fully recognise
that the cost of sanctions to
SADCC member countries will
be heavy”, President Mwinyi
said, adding that SADCC ability
to withstand effectively the full
impact of mandatory sanctions
against South Africa, or South
Africa’s sanctions against some
of the, member states, would

lepend on the degree of support

from the international commun:
ity.
He paid tribute to the Nordic
countries for their political and
material support to the libera-
tion movements in southern
Africa as well as their co-opera-
tion initiatives with SADCC
countries.

SADCC could always count
on these friendly countries for
their continues generous assis-
tance, especially at this critical
period; President Mwinyi said.
adding that SADCC trusted that
Nordic countries would render
valuable support to the con-
tingency plan in order to
alleviate the misery and sutfer-
ing of the people which would be
caused by the impact of sanc-
tions against South Africa.

Tanzania To Coordinate Trade

NEWS in English 23 Aug 86 p 1

meeting today, has approved the
creation of ministerial and offi-
cial level committees to oversee
the development of trade and
industry within the SADCC
grouping, -

Council sources said here
today the sector aims at increas-
ing production of goods and ser-

vice in the SADCC member
states and stimulating intra-reg-
tonal trade.

Prior to the creation of this
new sector. there was the indus-
(ry sector of which Tanzania was
its coordinator.

Other sectors are mining
whose coordinator is Zambia.



HIEMSTRA SAYS OVAMBOS, SWAPO SUPPORT MUST BE DEALT WITH

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 28 Aug 86 p 1

[Text]

had to come to terms with.

/13104
cso:

Any attempt to either ignore
or dilute the power of Swapo
and ‘alangula supporters
would backfire, Mr Justice
Hiemstra, chairman of the
Constitutional Council, said
at the opening of the Ot-
jiwarongo Agricultural Show
this week.

Judge Hiemstra warned that
the exclusion of the Christian
Democratic Action Party of
Mr Peter Kalangula and other
internal parties from the
Present government was a seri-
ous weakness of the present
system.

“Mr Kalangula represents
the nationalism of the Owam-
bos while at the samne time he
cannot be identified as a Swa-
po sympathiser as some seem
to think;” he said.

The same applied to the
churches and youth move-
ments and any other groupings
not part of Swapo.

Swapo was generally seen
even among moderate politi-
cians as a key factor in Nambi-
an politics — as the party
whithout which no constitu-
tional proposal or future sett-
lemnt could survive in the long

3400/561

16

run, the Judge said.

At the same time, while Swa-
po could not win the war it was
also the one party which could
put an end to it.

It was therefore both essen-
tial to write a constitution
which would be acceptable to
them in principle while at the
same time uniting those parties
opposed to Swapo.

Allattempts should bemade
to defeat Swapo under an in-

ternationally supervised
election.

To prevent misunderstand-
ings, Judge Hiemstra pointed
out that ail the indicators
pointed to Swapo being a
Marxist organisation which
received most of its support
from the East.

“Butitis the internal wing of
which we are thinking”.

They are a substantial part
of our population and they
maintain they are looking for a
democratic-constitution,

“If they want to take part in
the writing of such a constitu-
tion and then take part as an
ordinary political party in an
election on the basis of such a
constitution, that is ail we ask.”

NAMIBIA

The overwhelming numerical superiority of the Owambo-speaking people
and strong support for Swapo in the north was a reality Namibian politicians



NEW LASER SYSTEM DESCRIBED

SOUTH AFRICA

Cape Town THE ARGUS in English 19 Aug 86 p 7

{Article by Henri Du Plessis]

(Text ]

/13104
cso:

A NEW R184 000 laser system has
been commissioned by the atom
and spectro-physics group of the
department of physics at the Uni-
versity of Stellenbosch.

The head of the atom and spectro-
physics group, Professor Piet Walters,
said the system, an excimer laser
pumped dye laser, is the first of its

ind to be used at a South African uni-
versity.

Demonstrating the system yester-
day, Professor Walters said South Af-
rican reasearchers had the chance
now to keep up with foreign develop-
ments and contribute to the various
fields of laser spectroscopy.

Wide range

It is to be used for experiments for
post-graduate study by all scientific
departments, but mainiy by the atom
and spectro-physics group.

Professor Walters said the system,
built in West Germany, employed the
highest up-to-date technology. It can
be used for a wide range of medical
applications and has proved success-
ful in combating cancer.

The system works on the principle
that any material has its own internal
frequency. If it is bombarded by a fo-
cused laser set at the same frequency,

3400/572

53

the material will break up. |

A cancer patient is injected with a
specified drug which is absorbed by

e rapidly-multiplying cancer cells
but rejected by normal body cells.

Painless

. The laser is then set to pulse at a
frequency identical to the drug’s in-
ternal frequency which causes the dis-
integration of the drug and the cancer
cells containing it.

Medical scientists have had more
than 99 percent success rate using this
method of combating brain tumors.

The laser can be used in the same
way to painlessly remove kidney
stones and cholesterol.

In the case of cholesterol, an opti-
cal fibre, connected to the laser, is in-
serted in a patient’s artery. The laser
is then set to pulse at the same fre-
quency as that of the cholesterol, thus
breaking it up.

To be able to see what they are do-
ing, laser operators have special gog-
gles to protect their eyes from the
system’s emissions, but a single pair
of the imported ones costs R1 508.

Faced with the cost problem, Stel-
lenbosch researchers have come up
with ordinary goggles covered with a
plastic film that absorbs the harmful
rays. They cost a couple of rand.


SOUTH AFRICA

PRESIDENT OF NEW POSTAL UNION DESCRIBES POTENTIAL

Johannesburg THE NEW NATION in English 28 Aug-10 Sep 86 p 15

[Report on Interview with Vusi Khumalo, President of Potwa; date and place not

given]

[Text]

ONE of the first significant
inroads into organising the vast
number of South Africa's public
sector workers was made last
week with the inauguration of the
Post and Telecommunications
Workers Association (Potwa).

The union could
become one of the
biggest and most pow-

in SA.

It has a potential

membership of 40'000
in the post office alone.
It could be much bigger
if it links up with
communications work-
ers in other areas of the
public sector.

Potwa will seek recognition
from the Department of Post and
Telecommunications (P&T) in
about two weeks' time, :

But it will have to sign up at
least 15 000 members before
recognition is granted. .

Potwa's first national president,

‘usi Khumalo, is confident the
union will achieve this target with
Telative ease.

“We already have a signed up
membership of 7 000," he told the
NEW NATION. This was only
the beginning, he added.

"We plan to link up with
workers in other areas of the

ublic sector to form what could
e the biggest democratic trade
union of state employees.”

With the potential of
marginalising existing trade
unions in the public sector, the
burning question is: which
federation will Potwa join?

33

Khumalo is cautious in
answering. "We have decided to
temain independent until we have
a sufficiently large membership to
debate the issue thoroughly,” he
says. .

ere is, however, a con-
siderable amount of common

‘ound between Potwa and

‘osam.

“We are committed to the
principle of one industry one
union and the struggle for a
genuine democratic future,"

umalo said.

Khumalo, whose trade union
consciousness can be traced to
training programmes responsible
for producing some of the key
organisers in today's labour
movement, is careful not to
commit Potwa prematurely.

But he is confident that the
union will forge links with a
major federation. “It is certainly
not going to be Tucsa,” he says.

The struggle for a living wage
will be at the top of the agenda in
the union's long list of objectives.
Given that the minimum wage for
black P&T workers is as low as
R200 a month, the suruggle
promises to a tough one. Workers
will need increases of close to 300
percent to put their wages on a par
with other sectors. .

The labour relations equation in
the public sector is, however,
weighed heavily in favour of
bosses, mainly because strikes as
an element of collective barg-
aining are prohibited by law.

The legal battle will have to be
limited to board room negot-



/13104
cso:

iations. But unpleasant working
conditions could fuel worker
anger to a point where unlawful
strikes cannot be ruled out.

This might prove to be thorny
problem for the P&T authorities,
especially if Potwa establishes
links with democratic. unions
which enjoy considerable barg-
aining power.

Its members, like the millions
of SA's domestic and farm
workers, fall outside the pro-
tection of the Labour Relations
Act and other important labour
laws.

P&T workers are therefore easy
prey for hardline supervisors.

umalo says it is not

3400/563

34

uncommon to find black
employees working 12-hour shifts
without extra pay.

"Minimum conditions of
employment are ignored in most
cases," he said. "We intend
fi ting this form of exploitation,
w ich has gone unchecked for too

Whether Potwa will succeed in

setting minimum conditions of
loyment will depend entirel:

on its ability of pool the stren;
of workers and resist attempts to
transform it into an equivalent of,
existing public service ass-
ociations.



He points out that Cape
Town has, furthermore,
opened all public
facilities ~ including
halls, parks, swimming
pools, beaches and
libraries — to all races.

But because the council
does not believe Mancom
members are representa-
tive of the people, it-is
against their being al-
lowed to participate in
council meetings. They
can sit in the public gai-
lery.

The council believes
that ratepayers of all
races should be eligible
for election to it, and
should be registered on
one common roll.

/13104
cso: 3400/570

“You would then get re-
sponsibility to the
electorate/ratepayers,”
Mr Muir says.

A council constitutional
sub-committee | was
formed two years ago to
investigate all new con-
stitutional proposals and
thoughts which could af-
fect third tier govern-
ment.

And the former Leader:
of the Opposition, Dr
Frederik van Zyl
Slabbert, last month as-
sumed duties .as a
facilitator on a consult-
ancy basis for the council
to investigate some form
of multiracial local gov-
ernment for the area,

Dr Slabbert’s brief is toi

49

talk to as wide as possible
a spectrum of people of
all races and to come up
with proposals.

Says Mr Muir: “We
have a tremendous polar-
isation of people and the
facilitator’s brief is to get
some form of grouping to-
gether.”

Dr Slabbert has a “very
open” time-scale:

A last word from Mr
Muir: “In broad terms we
have no doubt that an
open, democratic local
government structure for
Cape Town could work.” ;

And time may just
show that Cape Town can
provide a valuable lead to
other cities in South
Africa.



ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

NUMBER OF REFUGEES —The United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR)
has reported that as of January this year official estimates indicated that
the refugee population in Zambia totalled 96,500. In its publication, "UNHCR
fact sheet", the Commission said that of this figure, 75,000 are Angolans who
have settled spontaneously in the Western (55,000) and North-Western (about
8,000) Provinces. Other Angolans, totalling 12,000 live in the Maheba and
Mayukwayukwa settlements. The report also says there are 9,500 Zaireans
settled spontaneously in the North-Western and Puapula Provinces. The country
also hosts some 7,000 Namibians registered with SWAPO, some 3,000 South
Africans registered with the ANC, and about 2,500 urban refugees of various
nationalities. In 1985 there was an influx of about 9,000 Mozambicans in the
Eastern Province who were benefiting from an emergency project implemented by
the Zambian Red Cross, the report says. It also added that an assistance
programme primarily in the area of agriculture has also been established to
meet the needs of the spontaneously settled refugees. With UNHCR
participation, the report says, the government has conducted an extensive
registration exercise to issue identity cards to all refugees to help
safeguard their rights. The whole southern Africa region, says the report,
has 272,000 refugees at January 31st and repeated military attacks on refugees
in the region continue to pose grave threats to their security. [Text]
(Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL in English Aug 86 p 36] /13104 ‘

CSO: 3400/565

22


SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

SUBSIDIES FOR FARMERS—-The Department of Agriculture and Water Supply is to
grant subsidies to encourage farmer's to preserve grazing field. At a
"grazing strategy day" at Dohne in the Eastern Cape on Wednesday, the Minister
of Agriculture and Water Supply, Mr Sarel Hayward, said: “Very little
grassland is likely to remain in South Africa in the year 2050."
Mismanagement, not climatic changes, was the overriding factor of this. Some
60 percent of the natural field in South Africa was in poor condition, 30
percent in fair condition and only 10 percent in good condition. Only nine
percent of wool farmers were able to apply scientifically-based veld
management systems, a survey showed. [Text] [Excerpt Cape Town THE ARGUS in
English 22 Aug 86 p 10] /13104

cso: 3400/569

52


DTA Calls for West To Supervise Elections
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 28 Aug 86) ..scccevecceesesceves

Report on Talks With SWAPO Leaders in Exile
(Christo Lombard; THE NAMIBIAN, 29 Aug 86) ...secseeceeces

Columnist Anticipates Increased Campaign Against SWAPO
(Gwen Lister; THE NAMIBIAN, 29 Aug 86) ..ccccecsccecececce

Hiemstra Says Ovambos, SWAPO Support Must Be Dealt With
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 28 Aug 86) cecccseccececceveneee

Hopes Dashed That Nation Would Escape Sanctions
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 28, 29 Aug 86) .ssccsccceceecens

Western Diplomats Quoted
Shipanga: Namibia Should Not Suffer

Creation of Mineral Marketing Corporation Urged
(THE NAMIBIAN, 29 Aug 86) ..

ZAMBIA
Briefs
Number of Refugees
SOUTH AFRICA
AFRIKANER/GOVERNMENT

AWB Refuses To Disband Brandwag Units
(Gerhard Grobler; THE CITIZEN, 3 Sep 86) ..

OFS's National Party Leader Compares ANC, AWB
(THE CITIZEN, 3 Sep 86) .esecececcccccccescseeccccessceees

BLACKS

New ‘Orderly Urbanization' Seen Worse Than Pass Laws
(THE NEW NATION, 28 Aug-10 Sep 86) ....seceeeeccccceceeees

New Breed of Comrades Spread Terror in Port Elizabeth Townships
(WEEKEND POST, 30 Aug 86) ......

Percy Qoboza Criticizes Soweto's New Director of Hous ing
(Percy Yoboza; CITY PRESS, 31 Aug 86) .....

IBM Announces 5-Year Program To Improve Black Education
(CITY PRESS, 31 Aug 86) Sere cece rece ee reer ecesereeeesees

-b-

ll

12
14
16
7
7

18

19

22

23

24

26°

28

30

31



SOUTH AFRICA

NATION'S MILITARY, SECURITY CAPABILITIES PRAISED
Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL in English Aug 86 pp 80-81
[Article by Thomas P. Ofcansky]

{Text] As South Africa spirals toward an uncertain future, the country's
military establishment continues to exhibit an exceptional ability to cope
with an increasingly complex array of security threats. Indeed, in strictly
military terms, the South African Defence Force (SADF) has demonstrated
repeatedly that it is more than capable of repelling any internal or external
attack against South Africa. One must therefore realise that South Africa may
be one of the few, if not only the western mation able to fight a protracted
conflict with any expectation of victory. Certainly the events of the past
few years tend to support this conclusion.

In September 1984, an outburst of black
urban violence, which has lasted to this
very day, rocked South Africa. At the time,
responsibility for quelling this turmoil and
maintaining law and order belonged to the
South African Police (SAP), a paramilitary
agency presently comprised of about of
45,000 regulars and approximately 20,000
reservists. Within a few weeks, however, it
was evident to the South African govern-
ment that existing police strength was in-
adequate to prevent black demonstrators
from wrecking havoc in major cities and
white residential areas. Under provisions of
the Defence Act, the State President, and
the Ministers of Law and Order and Oe-
fence authorised the adoption of a “com-
bined manoeuver strategy,” which required
the SADF to support the SAP in the
country’s black townships. One of the first
‘successful combined manoeuvers occurred
during the early morning hours of October
22nd, 1984, when a 1,700-man SADF/SAP
force launched Operation Palmiet in the
black township of Sebokeng. After sealing

41

uff the area, soldiers carried out house-to-
house searches and arrested at least 350
Suspected dissidents. Since then. a tour of
duty in a black township for SADF person-
nel has become fairly common.

This is not to suggest that the SADF has
performed its new mission flawlessly: on
the contrary, there have been persistent re-
Ports of tactical, operational, and personal
rivalries and disagreements between many
soldiers and police. Even more important,

-an increasing number of SAD conscripts

have expressed dissatistaction about black
township assignments. This in turn has
given rise to a small but growing anti-war
Movement, led primarily by individuals affi-
liated with the End Conscription Campaign
(ECC). This organisation, which has links to
the United Democratic Front and more than
fifty church, women’s, student, and youth
groups, supports the view that the SADF's
Presence in black townships is “provoca-
tive" and seen as “the symbol. and defence
of apartheid.” Despite the fact that the
South African government has banned



COMMENTATOR REPORTS ON INCREASING HARASSMENT AIMED AT TUTU

Durban POST NATAL in English 27~30 Aug 86 p 12

{Commentary by Quraish Patel]

(Text ]

FOR all his troubles, arch-
bishop-elect Desmond Tutu
must be comforted in the
knowledge that Jesus, his
Teacher and Saviour, was
also taunted, abused and
accused of acts bordering
on treason. The bishop is
also being crucified. !

He cries for peace, ap-
pealing to blacks to stop
killing each other; he con
demns violence, from the
Government and the Afri-
can National Congress and
he opposes communism.

But because he demands
food for hungry children,
clothes for the naked, shel-
ter for the homeless and
freedom for the oppressed,
he is destined to bear his
cross to his own Golgotha.

If he accepts invitations
from leading statesmen, he
is a “jet-setting bishop”. If
he condemns apartheid, he
is “unpatriotic”. If he calls
for sanctions, he is engag-
ing in “economic warfare”.
And if he chooses to invite
actor friends — who op-
pose apartheid — to his en-
thronement, “he has gone
too far”.

He is not congratulated
for opposing apartheid, nor
praised for making peace.

When he won the Nobel
Peace Prize, his credibil-
ity was questioned. When
he stopped the Crossroads

violence, the white media’

almost grudgingly acknow-
ledged his feat.

Scorned and vilified, he
knows that most of the
white community is ready
at a_drop of the hat to be-
lieve the worst of him, re-
garding him as the devil
incarnate. Revered and ad-

mired by statesmen and”

ordinary folk abroad, the

bishop has become the ob-

ject of hatred at home.

And it is not only be-
cause he supports sanc-
tions against South Africa.
Tt is also because he is a
cheeky little black bishop
who has the gall to tell his
people that the kingdom on
earth also belongs to them.

Last week, for example,
the Minister of Manpower
Mr Pietie du Plessis, un-
derscored that point when
he said: “My advice to
Bishop Tutu is to keep
spreading God’s word, rec-
onciliation and peace in-
stead of endeavouring to
bring about the starvation
and suffering of the ordi-
nary worker, white black
brown and yellow.”

Yet for the many thou-
sands of these starving
black people, he is a rebel
priest with a cause — and
they thank God for his
meddling in their affairs.

Bishop Tutu has made it

39

SOUTH AFRICA

clear that he would use all

of his considerable interna-

tional influence and con-
nections to lead the people
tothe promised freedom.

“The fact that we are
Boing to be free is no

longer a question,” he told
mourners recently, inciting
them to peace.

He said later: “Freedom
has to be shared otherwise
those who have it have no
time to enjoy it — they
then guard it with guns
under the pillows, put up
burglar guards, keep dogs
and have to man special
forces.”

While strict security
laws forbid calls for sanc-
tions against the country,
Bishop Tutu has stressed
that economic pressure
was the only way of per-
suading the Government it
was time to sit at the con-
ference table.

Bishop Tutu has \.
tedly rejected the violent
option, One way to peace,
he says,-is by foreign as-
sistance: sanctions. Howev-
er, the bishop's sanctions
option is being portrayed
generally by the white
media and Government as
a call to arms.

It’s true, sanctions may
not be the answer. The
method of opposition
seems to lie in the choice


/13104

cso:

3400/561

‘The ‘new initiative’ is fiothing other than a renewed attempt, after
many failed attempts of the past, on the part of the South African
Government to rig a settlement in Namibia which is favourably dispos-
ed towards them.

WARNINGS BEFORE EXPENSE AND WASTE IS INCURRED

BEFORE THE propagandists of the ‘new initiative’ embark serious-
ly on their plan of action, it would be weil to warn them that this
plan too, has little chance of success.

It is all very well for the Administrator General to dictate-what the
needs are for such a ‘new initiative’ of Namibian parties, and among
them he states that the de facto and effective leaders should be in-
volved and that there would have to be maximum participation by
all ‘cultural’ groups, but it is quite another thing to achieve it.

The idea appears to be to-take the focus off the interim govern-
ment (since it is so obviously unacceptable to most), and instead shift
the emphasis to the socalled Constitutional Council where alf groups
could be accomodated. It is then envisaged that a cosy group of most
ethnic groups and a broad representation of political parties, could
work out a plan of action to ask South Africa for independence, and
in so doing, gain ‘acceptance’ fronr Africa and the world abroad.

NO NATIONAL OR INTERNATIONAL "ACCEPTANCE

SUCH A PLAN would not succeed in gaining even-national accep-
tance, since the ‘new initiative’, like the interim government, is the
product of the South African Government and its representatives, and
not the people themselves. “st . fons

Virtually all parties in Namibia, with the exception of the interim
government groups, have condemned linkage and called for 435. Why
does the interim government not do the same? This would prevent
more waste of time'and money on ‘internal’ solutions, and would also
test the South African Government’s commitment to a Namibia
settlement. .

If the interim government want to gain credibility, they should
associate themselves with the demands of most political groups in this
country, namely, the implementation of Resolution 435 NOW.



IMPALA

RAISES PLATINUM PRODUCER PRICES

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 29 Aug 86 pp l, 3

[Text]

/13104
cso:

THE price of platinum jumped above
$600 an ounce yesterday, its est in six
years, as speculators shrugged off warn- |
ings the market might drop and snapped —
up the precious metal. H
‘A year ago platinum cost $340 an ounce. It
hovered around $599 in London yesterday
morning then. New York took it to $602. It has
risen $100 in less than three weeks. By midday,
in nervous trading, it was up $18,80 at $611,50

an ounce, against the day's high of $614.
Impala Platinum followed the market up,
boosting its platinum lucer price by 26,3
to $600 from $475, the first producer price
increase since August 1980.
Producer prices of platinum ip metals
have also been raised, with dium up at

$150 an ounce from $120 and rhodium up at
$1300 from $1 150.

Rustenburg Platinum does not have a pro-
ducer price but will probably follow in Impa-
la’s steps in pricing its non-contract sales.

An Impala spokesman said yesterday the

wroducer price increase reflected tight mar-
Ket conditions.

The producer price rise will not have a
significant impact on Impala’s profits, as

it only affects non-contract buyers. The
bulk of Impala’s production is sold on
contract, half in rands and haif in dollars.

Non-contract sales are estimated at

3400/569

51

10% of total sales. All that Impala is”
doing is moving its producer price in line
with ruling free market prices, said an

yst. ; :

Impala is believed to have 50% of its
production locked into a long-term sup-
ply contract with General Motors, nego-
tiated in August 1982 when the platinum
price was $470 and the rand stood at
$1,32. Rustenburg Platinum has a Ford.
Motor contract at more market-related

prices. -

However, the producer price increase
will spur the free market price and pull
the gold price in its wake. The platinum”
Tun to $1 050 early in 1980 spurred a golfl
bull-run to $800 an ounce. ‘

The free market price surge through
$600 this week reflects heavy Stockpiling
of the strategic platinum-group met
by major countries. !

Besides fears of the effects of possible
sanctions or of production cuts from SA's
platinum mines, demand for platinum

t ear outstripped supplies from both

Africa (which supplies’ 80% df
world platinum) and Russia. '

Demand for platinum exceeded supply

by about 70 000 ounces in 1985 and cur-
Tent stockpiling has put a severe strain
on world supplies. :



NAMIBIA

DIA CALLS FOR WEST TO SUPERVISE ELECTIONS
Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 28 Aug 86 p 3
{Text] Windhoek: The West should intervene in the impasse over Namibia and

hold elections in the Territory under the supervision of the major Western
powers, the President of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance, Mr Kuaima Riruako,

said in Windhoek yesterday.

113104
cso:

He said in a statement the
people of Namibia had waited

too long for the United Na--

tions to settle the dispute.
There was no chance of UN:

Security Council Resolution

435 being implemented as long

were not yet in existence,’ Mr
Riruako said.

“For that reason the Western
countries are in the first place
responsible for the indepen-
dence of Namibia;’ he added.

The statement said the ap-

as Cuba maintained a military peal to the Western countries
presence in neighbouring to take a hand in the Namibian
Angola. dispute was in line with a reso-

Mr Riruako said for that
reason the ultimate responsi-
bility for Namibia’s indepen-
dence rested solidly with the
West, particularly the original
five-nation Western Contact
Group.

The West had been in con-
trol of the allocation of man-
dates over undeveloped coun-
tries after the First World War.

When the mandates were
granted most of the member
countries on the UN of today

3400/561

11

lution by the DTA executive to
make direct contact with in-
terested parties, including the
Western powers, in an effort to
resolve the Namibian issue.

In a separate statement, Mr
Riruako said a fuss was being
made of Swapo’s leader Mr
Sam Nujoma’s having met six
white Namibians in Lusaka at
the weekend.

“I talk daily with whites in
Namibia,’ Mr Riruako said.

“We no longer think of such
occasions as extraordinary” —



JPRS-SSA-86-102
9 OCTOBER 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
Tanzanian Reportage on SADCC Developments
(TANZANIA SUNDAY NEWS, 24 Aug 86; TANZANIA DAILY NEWS,
23 AUG 86) cecccecccccccceccccnreeeseceecsecceeceesevesers
Cooperation After Sanctions, by Mhena Mwanatongoni
Mwinyi Urges Stronger Ties
Tanzania To Coordinate Trade

ANGOLA

Briefs
Chemical Warfare

EQUATORIAL GUINEA

Briefs
Nigeria Donates Naval Vessel

LESOTHO

Expulsion of North Koreans Viewed .
(THE STAR, 23 Aug 86) .cccccccccvcvecscvcscvccececeseceece

NAMIBIA

Pienaar Urges New Initiative on Independence
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 2 Sep 86; THE NAMIBIAN, 5 Sep 86)

Asks Talks With RSA
Attempt Seen To Thwart UN Plan, by Gwen Lister

Proposed Amendment Said To Exclude Court Test of Bill of Rights
(Gwen Lister; THE NAMIBIAN, 5 Sep 86) .csccccccceccecccces

Ne

on

10



KWANDEBELE VILLAGE COMMITTEES CALL FOR END TO ASSEMBLY

Johannesburg THE NEW NATION in English 28 Aug-10 Sep 86 p 4

(Text ]

THE village committees
which spearheaded the
recent reversal of
KwaNdebele independ-
ence are now calling for
the territory's legislative
assembly to dissolve.

In a joint campaign
with the civic assoc-
iation and the youth
congress, over

- village committees are
urging local chiefs to
sever ties with the
government and serve in
community structures.

The cafl means that
even the outspoken
opposition figure who
featured prominently in
the fight against in-
dependence, Prince
James Mahiangu, will
also have to join forces
with the communit:
organisations whic
stood behind him during
his campaign.

The Northern Trans-
vaal region of the United
Democratic Front (UDF)
has applauded the latest
development, saying it
would encourage the
community to support

e prof e.

‘And. hardi two
weeks after the territory
scrapped independence,
scheduled to take effect
on December 6, the

/13104
cso: 3400/572

village committees are-

complaining of a re-
aewed "manhunt" by
security forces.

_ Following these act-
ions, the committees
said, part of the Moutse
community, occupying a
60 000-hectare area Be.
tween Groblersdal and
Marble Hall, was
reluctantly leaving its
70-year old home for

other parts of the
Eastern Transvaal.

The tense-situation in
both KwaNdebele and
Moutse, say the village
committees, can be seen
from the fact that org-
anised sporting and
cultural activities have
not resumed.

They also pointed out
that families and relat-
ives of activists based in
the two areas who went
into hiding during the
political turmoil there,
are still being sought by
the police, os

Scores of schoolchil-
dren and adults detained
during that period were
still not released, the
village committees said.

Student leaders said
the class boycott by

32

SOUTH AFRICA

secondary school pupils
was still continuing.

France Mohlala and
Jabu Mahlangu of the
UDF, and Kokane Dits-
0 of the Moutse Civic
Association (Moca),
warned in a joint state-
ment that until apartheid
structures were totall
eradicated, the turmoil
in KwaNdebele and
Moutse would not end.

In another statement,
a Moutse Youth Con-
gress (Moyco) spokes-
man called for the
scrapping of apartheid
education and its re-
placement with "peoples’
education” in Moutse
and KwaNdebele.

‘Hence the struggle’
must go on, chiefs and
¢veryone should join the
community bandwag-
on,” added the UDF.

Village committees
said the Imbokodo,
which was outlawed two
weeks ago, was still
active — though playing
low-key role.

They said that if
Parliamentarians were
sincere in acting against
Imbokodo, the vigilante
Froup. should have been
handed over to the pol-
ice for prosecution.


percent; Total (France) 10.0 percent;
General Mining and Finance Company
(South Africa) 6.8 percent; and others
13.5 percent. :

Tsumeb Corporation produces 90
percent of the base metals (cadmium,
copper, lead and zinc). Other minerals
produced include beryllium, lithium,
manganese, tin, tungsten and
vanadium. Currently the Tsumeb Cor-
poration. owns six base metal mines at
Tsumeb, Asis East, Asis West, Kombat,
Otjihase and Matchless. IN 1982 the
Anglo-American Group of companies
(which includes de Beers) took a major
interest in Tsumeb through the Gold
Fields of South Africa while the New=
mont and BP Minerals International
holdings emained unchanged. Nord and
EIf Aquitaine are exploring Kojeka cop-,
per deposits. .

Known, proved, probable and possi-
ble reserves of copper ores amount to
680 000 tonnes. 7

Proved, probable and possible
reserves of tin in Namibia amount to
about 120 000 tonnes while those of zinc
are about 1.3 million tonnes. In 1982
total tin and zinc production was 1000
tonnes and 32 000 tonnes respectively.
In addition, beryllium, bismuth, cad-
mium, gallium, iron, lithium, ger-
manium, vanadium, molybdenum, tan-
talum, rubidium, tellurium, tungsten:
and manganese are mined.

Industrial minerals in Namibia also
fave a large potential and include
arsenic, common salt, feldspar,
fluoride, phosphorous, rare earth,
selenium, sulphur, trona etc,

The most explored coal deposits are
between Aranos and the Botswana
border where exploration suggests the
availability of around 600 million ton-
nes. Namibia’s prospects for an
economic gas field at present appear
higher than those of petroleum. The
Kudu gas field is most promising. The
oil potential exists in a number of areas
including the Nossob Basin, the Etosha
Pan and off the mouth of the Orange
River.

In the post-independence era, one of
the first priorities of the government
should be to initiate prospecting and ex-
ploration aimed at finding new deposits
of copper, lead, higher grades of
uranium and viable sources of gas, coal,
oil and other minerals.

The government should be responsi-
ble for the rational exploitation and use
of mineral resources and should for-
mulate policies and administrative rules.
on acquiring mining licences, as well as
providing incentives for the acceleration
of prospecting, legal provisions setting
out the relations between the govern-
ment and the mining sector, and the

20

broad conditions under which domestic
and foreign financial resources and
technical assistance could be required.

The ministry responsible for mining
and mineral resources should set up a
strong and weil-staffed planning depart-
ment with the prime responsibility of
ensuring that the ministry efficiently
and effectively plans and coordinates
the development of the mining industry
in accordance with national policy ob-
jectives and strategies.

The government’s policy towards
foreign investment should be flexible,
involving both nationalisation and
welcoming participation in join venture
projects. Foreign companies often wish
to retain a strong hold over the manage-
ment of a mine whatever the ownership
arrangement. In general, the govern-
‘ment should leave detailed exploration
of the mineral resources to organisa-
tions with adequate expertise. On the
other hand, it should formulate policies
which provide the climate for participa-
tion of the would be investors. The
Department of Geological Survey
should assist in the provision of the
necessary data for prospecting.

A rational and flexible tax regime for
the mining sector will be necessary. The
tax regime should examine carefully
such fiscal provisions as licence fees,
state lease (royalties), company ‘tax,
dividend remittance tax and export tax.
Introduction of a tax regime policy
which applies specific conditions and in-
centives for each mine within a general
legal framework may be the best
approach.

Government support for and par-
ticipating in financing mining develop-
ment should take place when develop-
‘ment of certain minerals is undertaken.
The government may pay for part of the
infrastructure required to open the area
¢g. in respect of transport, water, power
supply etc. In some cases the govern-
ment may want to pay part of the ex-
ploration costs. Any such allocation of
Public funds should be based on careful
assessment of the viability, profitabili-
ty and social benefits of the projects.

The government should consider set-
ting up a Mineral Revenue Stabilisation
Fund. High income in boom years
should be channelled into this fund to
be administered by the government for
use exclusively for productive invest-
ment or to stabilise basic services in
subsequent years of low mineral
revenue.

The government should consider the
introduction of labour intensive mining
in order to facilitate the establishment
of small mining ventures in the form of
cooperatives. Such a policy should assist
in increasing employment prospects in



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]

or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
.last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
Information Service, and are listed in the Monthly Catalog of
U.S. Government Publications issued by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



TENANTS FACE EVICTION FOR REFUSING TO PAY RENT INCREASES

Durban POST NATAL in English 3-6 Sep 86 p 3

{Article by Rashida Dhooma]

[Text]

/13104
cso:

3400/562

HUNDREDS of tenants in Natal who have defied their
landlords by refusing to pay rent increases face evic-
tion from their flats.

After the rent boards were dissolved recently, land-
lords imposed massive increases, in some instances as
much as 300 percent.

In most cases, tenants were issued with notices in
July/August, informing them the increases were ef-
fective from September 1. Tenants were also told to
vacate their premises by the end of August if they did
not pay the increase, or face eviction.

This week hundreds of tenants paid the old rentals
in defiance of the notices of increases, according to Mr
Sayed Iqbal Mohamed, chairman of the Durban Cen-
tral Residents’ Association *

He expected them td be served with summons to
vacate their premises.

“When this happens the DCRA will apply for inter-
dicts declaring the notices invalid.”

Mr Mohamed criticised landlords who capitalised
on the abolition of rent boards for Indians and col-
oureds.

“The notice was gazetted in March. This caused
some landlords to go a step further. In their increase
notices sent out in July/August, they are demanding
the increase retrospective to April 1.”

Mr Mohamed said the DCRA was still awaiting re-
plies to telexes to the Minister of Housing in the House
of Delegates and Representatives, Mr Baldeo Dookie,
and Mr David Curry, asking them to freeze the in-
creases and halt evictions.

Mr Dookie was not available for comment yester-
day.

Post received several calls from desperate tenants

in the past week, claiming landlords had threatened
them with eviction if they did not pay the new in-
creases,
@ Last week the DCRA gave landlords till Wednesday
to withdraw their notices. Mr Mohamed said landlords
ignored this call. “We will now be forced to apply for
the interdicts once tenants are served with summon-
ses.”

44

SOUTH AFRICA


SOUTH AFRICA

NEW BREED OF COMRADES SPREAD TERROR IN PORT ELIZABETH TOWNSHIPS

Port Elizabeth WEEKEND POST in English 30 Aug 86 p 10

{Text ]

A NEW breed of “com-
rades” has risen from the
troubled townships around
Port Elizabeth following
the wave of arrests and de-
tentions of community
leaders, a Weekend Post
investigation shows.
Residents describe the
new breed as “hooligans
and thieves”, whose only
motives are to spread vio-
lence and achieve personal

gain.

‘The original “comrades”
— now differentiating
themselves from the new

by calling them-
selves: civilised comrades”
— remain attached to the
“street committees”,
which, in turn, are affili-
ated to “people’s organisa-
tions”.

‘The new gangs have no
affiliation whatsoever and
do as they like, residents
say.

‘The “civilised comrades”
maintain that their role
continues to be keeping or-
der in the townships, trac-
ing thieves and fighting
crime.

But residents believe the
new groups who call them-
selves “comrades” are
thugs whose aim is to
jeopardise the work done
by people's organisations.

A number of incidents
have occurred, particularly
in Kwazakele, in the last

three weeks, the most com-
mon being the rape and
murder of young women on
their way to work in the
early hours of the morning.

One of the most horrify-
ing incidents blamed on the
new element was the pet-
rol-bombing of the Zwide
home of the well-known
“Good Samaritan” social
worker, Mrs Albertina
Dlanjwa, who devoted her
life to the poor. ~
__ She died from her injur-
ies.

There have also been
cases of “civilised com-
trades” being asked by shop-
keepers to guard their
premises against the hooli-
gans, who forced owners to
give money for so-called fu-
nerals.

An 18-year-old Soweto
youth who claimed to be a
member of the “civilised
comrades” said he had
joined the group to main-
tain order and peace
among the residents, be-
cause, “I am the father of
tomorrow”.

The second of two sons,
he said he came from a
well-off family — his father
isa clerk and leading sports
administrator.

He is a pupil at one of the
high schools closed at
present because of boy-
cotts.

28

‘The youth said the “civil-
ised comrades” were made
up of both sexes aged 10
years and upwards — not
necessarily youths.

“They belong to groups

un is to maintain
order ani ice amon;
themselves, pe 8

-“They still obey the order
by the people’s organisa-
tions that residents should
clear the streets after nine
O'clock in the evening.

“How then can we be in-
volved in night robberies?”
asked the youth, who insists
that the hooligans calling
themselves “comrades” are
responsible for the increas-
ing crime wave in the town-
ships.

Another “comrade”, a 16-
year-old Standard Three
boy living in the shanty
township of Soweto, said his
mother was a domestic
worker and he had joined
the “civilised comrades”
when he had nothing to do
after school.

A 46-year-old Kwazakele
man — one of many older
members of the “civilised
comrades” — said groups
like his had done much
worthwhile work for the
residents.

He told of being in a
group which questioned his
son, who allegedly stole a
man’s car, two weeks ago
near Seyisi Street in Kwa-


SOUTH AFRICA

POLL SHOWS URBAN WHITES APPROVE NEWS CLAMPDOWN

MBO31851 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1401 GMT 3 Sep 86

[Text] Johannesburg, Sept 3, SAPA--The clamp-down on news about violence and
security and the government being the sole source of information "met with
the approval" of 45 per cent of urban whites compared with 37 per cent who
said this "caused them concern" and 18 per cent who said "don't know," the
latest research surveys Omnichek poll revealed today.

The poll was conducted with 309 white men and women in the main centres of
South Africa.

Research surveys released the Omnichek figures in the wake of a network
television interview with Deputy Minister of Information, Mr Louis Nel and
Tertius Myburgh, editor of the SUNDAY TIMES and Peter Sullivan, editor of the
SATURDAY STAR on the integrity of the Bureau of Information as sole source of
news on security matters.

The fieldwork for the poll was conducted as the state of emergency began. taking
full effect.

The same poll showed that 47 per cent of respondents said they made a definite
effort to try and keep abreast of event, 43 per cent said "they keep vaguely
aware of what is happening," and nine per cent said they "ignored everything.”

The same poll showed that 67 per cent of urban whites believed that state
president, Mr P.W. Botha, was doing a good job.

Respondents were asked to say whether the following "met with their approval"
or "caused them concern." The imposition of state of emergency has now
restricted the flow of information about violence and security. You have to
depend upon government sources for all information about what is happening.

Of the 45 per cent who said they approved, 53 per cent were Afrikaans urban
whites compared with only’ 38 per cent of their English-speaking counterparts.
In reverse, 47 per cent of English-speaking respondents said the situation
caused the concern compared with only 27 per cent of Afrikaans-speaking people.
Among Afrikaans Respondents, 20 per cent answer "don't know," compared with

15 per cent from the other language group.

37


AWB REFUSES TO DISBAND BRANDWAG UNITS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 3 Sep 86 p 10

[article by Gerhard Grobler]

[Text]

/13104
cso:

AFRIKANER Weer-
standsbeweging leader
Mr Eugene —_Terre-
Blanche yesterday made
it clear that the far Right-
wing organisation would
not bow to increasing
Government pressure to
disband its growing
“Brandwag” home -de-
fence units. _

And in an interview in
Pretoria. Mr = Terre-
Blanche claimed that
growing numbers of Nat-
ional Party members were
supporting the Brandwag.

He stressed, however,
that Brandwag units:
would only “go into ac-:
tion” if the security forces
in ‘any particular area
were either not available
or not yet on the scene.

Mr Terre’Blanche told
the Citizen that members
of other political parties
— “and especially the
National Party” — in-
creasingly wanted to be-
come part of an organised
defence structure over
and above party political
affiliations.

3400/571

‘When asked to com-
ment on a statement by
the Minister of Defence,
General Magnus Malan,
in which he warned on
possible clashes between
the Brandwag in the East-
ern Transvaal and the De-
fence Force, Mr Terre’
Blanche said he thought
General Malan’s state-
ment was “ill-consider-
ed”.

He denied that the
Brandwag, which he said
already had - branches
countrywide, worked in
opposition to the security
forces. He said the body
wanted to create condit-
ions in which the security
forces could fulfil their
task effectively.

On the Eastern Trans-
vaal, he said that if there
were problems, General
Malan should reassess the
overall security situation
in the area.

“Brandwag units were
on stand-by throughout
the recent unrest and will
continue to do so,” he
said.

SOUTH AFRICA


PIENAAR URGES NEW INITIATIVE ON INDEPENDENCE

Asks Talks With RSA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 2 Sept 86 p 1

[Text]

if Cuban withdrawal cannot be achieved within a realistic time-span.

NAMIBIA

Ways and means of achieving internationally accepted independence
under prevailing circumstances should be investigated by all relevant parties

And while the South Afri-
can government had repeated-
ly urged the Angolan govern-
ment to come forward with
concrete proposals for the
withdrawal of Cuban troops as
a precondition for Namibian
independence under UN Reso-
lution 435, the people of
Namibia Tould not wait ‘in-
definitely for a breakthrough
on this issue.

This was said by
Administrator-General Louis
Pienaar at the formal opening
of the Windhoek Agricultural
Show yesterday.

There was no reason why the
leaders of Namibia should not
deliberate amongst themselves
and negotiate with the South
African government over
strategies for creating accep-
tance for independence in
Africa and elsewhere.

Preconditions for such a so-
lution would have to be:

@ that de facto and effective
leaders should be involved.

@ the majority of the people
would have to back the in-
itiative.

@ talks would haveto proceed

from a basis of economic opti-
mism and strength.

Under the slogan of this
year’s show “A Community in
Action”, Mr Pienaar said the
community would have to deal
with the following problem
areas:

@ internally it would have to
find’ a settlément Which “in-
volved maximum participa-
tion by all cultural groups
based on division of power be-
tween anumber of government
tiers.

@ increased representation of
Parties and responsible politi-
cians/party leaders at present
outside the Transitional
Government especially on the
Constitutional Council(CC).
@ decisions affecting the fu-
ture should be shifted from the
Cabinet to the Council where
increased participation by
‘responsible politicians/party
leaders’ was needed.

Resistance in the Cabinet to
the participation of outsiders
in the CC would have to be re-
moved and inc;lusionintheCC
should be a right not a
privilege.



SOUTH AFRICA

SABC-TV TO INTRODUCE MORNING NEWS SHOW
MBO31824 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1600 GMT 3 Sep 86

[Text] The SABC Board has approved the introduction of a 2-hour long news
program in the mornings on TV 1. The director general of the -SABC,

Mr Riaan Eksteen, says that with the program the SABC if fulfilling its
responsibility to give listeners in the furthest corners of the land a
service to meet their needs. The service forms part of the SABC's rationali-
zation process and is being presented without any additional operating costs.

The program will be on the lines of the proven recipe for early morning
television. News bulletins will be presented at regular intervals and
arrangements have been made to ensure that the SABC has access to the latest
overnight. news. This will be supplemented with inserts on a wide variety of
subjects such as weather forcasts, agricultural news, economic news,
entertainment, contributions for women, and music.

The morning session will also be used for the presentation of appropriate
extracts from programs of great interest televised the previous evening.
Mr Eksteen said the new session would begin on 1 October.

The board also approved that during the period leading up to 1 October, there
would be daily broadcasts from Monday of radio broadcasts on television. A
camera would be placed in radio studios to give viewers a look into the

. activities of a radio studio during broadcasts.

The first of these broadcasts will be from 0600 until 0800 in the morning
in the "Monitor" studio, followed by broadcasts from "Radio Today,"
Radio Five, Radio Highveld, and Radio Lutus.

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45



SOUTH AFRICA

RSC IMPLEMENTATION SAID TO BE IN LIMBO

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 28 Aug 86 p 3

{Article by Chris Cairncross]
r termi- Other factors stalling implementa-
(exe) ition to inlement regional ser ton ofthis legislation I the time it is
a F taking to promulgate RSC financial
There i no doubt tis mucha? tons.
ere is no doubt this much-criti- ey were submitted initial!
cised and racially-based local the government co-ordinatin, coun
overnment reform is now in lim- — which has Constitutional Develo
$e ment and Planning Minister Chris
No _RSCs will be operating this Heunis as its chairman — at the end
year. Even the first months of 1987 do of last month.
~ Rot look promising. The regulations have been referred
This prospect does not appear to be back for further drafting by govern-
upsetting many local authorities who bee ree a dvisers. 4;
have been among the most outspoken went ve then to be reviewed by
critics of RSC proposals, government's permanent. financial
The first RSC should be set up in Sub ed ttee before being re-
October after thes scrapping of the old a. e co-ordinating coun-
vincial council system on July 1. wes,
Pere first, in Bloemfontein, has now Oot, is unlikely before the end of
been put back to January. rs th .
Amendments to the RSC Act, first Assumin ng the regulations are pro-
promulgated in 1985, do not look as soleaied in November, it will prob-
though they will be dealt with during ably take at least three months before
this second session of Parliament. any of the first RSCs set in motion
They might be tabled only when administrative machinery for col-
Parliament reconvenes in January. Jecting the new payroll and turnover
/13104
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47


NAMIBIA

PROPOSED AMENDMENT SAID TO EXCLUDE COURT TEST OF BILL OF RIGHTS
Windhoek THE NAMIBIAN in English 5 Sep 86 pp 1, 3
[Article by Gwen Lister]

[Text] Government sources have leaked that an amendment to the interim
government's empowering Proclamation has been before the Cabinet and is
apparently in the hands of the South African State President, Mr P W Botha,
for his signature. This amendment could have the effect of excluding the
jurisdiction of the courts to test laws in existence prior to the installation

of the interim government against the Bill of Rights.

/13104
cso:

fi is understood that ina case’
decided earlier this year, the
validity of the Terrorism Act
was contested on the basis that
it offended“against the Bill of
Rights contairied’in Proclama-
tion R101, empowering the in-
terim government.

The presiding Judge, Mr
Justice Strydom, ruled that
laws in existence prior to the in-
stallation of the interim govern-

but undertook to revert to us after
a half an hour. He failed to do so,
and subsequent calls to his office
revealed he was in urgent consulta-
tions with Cabinet Ministers.

A publicity officer for the in-
terim government, Mr Eberhard
Hoffmann, subsequently said that
Mr Boonzaaier’s comment was that
he ‘does not comment unless the
Cabinet has instructed him to do
so’.

However, he refused to deny that

ment could not be tested in this a proposed amendment to this ef-
way. fect had been discussed or approv-
It was reported recently that in ed of.

the trial of the State versus Heita
and seven others, the Terrorism
Act would once again be tested
against the Bill of Rights and that
a Full Bench of the Supreme Court
would be convened to consider
whether it would confirm or over-
turn Mr Justice Strydom’s ruling.
Lawyers in the Heita trial con-
firmed that argument to this effect
would be heard on Wednesday.
The Namibian also immediately
approached the Secretary of the
Cabinet, Mr T A S Boonzaaier,
who initially declined to confirm
that such a move was proceeding,

3400/561

10

Senior Counsel has confirmed to
The Namibian‘that he was involv-
ed in the drafting of such an
amendment but had not seen the
final product, and referred The
Namibian to the Secretary of
Justice.

At the time of going to press,
The Namibian was unable to con-
tact the Secretary of Justice for
comment, and not one Cabinet
Minister was available to comment
on the matter, however certain
members and supporters of the in-
terim government, who declined to
be named, have expressed disquiet
at the proposed amendment.