JPRS+SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

INCREASED PRODUCTION, MARKETING OF COTTON, CASHEWS NEEDED

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 3 Aug 85 p 8

{Text] During the 1985-86 agricultural campaign, Nampula Province will devote
more attention to cotton production and the marketing of cashew nuts, in an
economic effort aimed at revitalizing productive activity and raising the
indexes of one of the provinces ranked as the largest producers of the leading
crops. allocated to supply the people and for export. This measure was announced
by Governor Feliciano Gundana, during the course of a recent meeting of the
provincial government, which discussed the preliminary agricultural plan for
the 1985-86 campaign.

The meeting of the Nampula Provincial Assembly, which lasted 3 days, analyzed
the preliminary agricultural plan for the 1985-86 campaign, and the recent
agricultural and cashew marketing campaigns. The forthcoming cashew campaign
was also planned at the meeting.

Speaking on this occasion, Governor Feliciano Gundana declared that, this year,
greater attention would be given to the cotton production campaign, to ensure
the selection of the best qualities of the product. He also recommended that
“every effort be concentrated on the removal of oil seed products, to. ensure

a satisfactory rate of operation in the factories existing in the province and
the country."

Province's Potential

The 19th session of the Provincial Assembly noted that the goals proposed for
the preliminary agricultural plan for the 1985-86 campaign do not yet represent
maximum use of the capacity and potential that the province has available,
“citing only what is possible to accomplish under the current conditions."

"The goals set in the plan are quite possible to attain," claimed Governor
Gundana, who stressed the high indexes accrued by the family sector, particularly
in the previous campaigns, with emphasis on the marketing of cashew nuts.

For the success of the agricultural and cashew nut marketing campaigns, that
organ concluded that appropriate measures must be adopted right now, aimed at
surmounting the difficulties which cropped up in the previous campaigns, with
clearcut responsibility assigned to the local agencies.

56


GOVERNMENT TO CHANGE COMPANY OWNERSHIP CODE

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 12 Aug 85 pp 1, 5

[Article by Ato Austin]

[Text]

cso

THE ernment is to change the Com-
and employees shareholding schemes to
encourage mowers Participation in ma-
nagement, to

Labour and Social Welfare, has said.

He was addressing the closing session of the
five-day workshop for the Executive Board
members of the Trades Union Congress (TUC)
at the Advanced Teacher Training College at
Winneba on Friday night.

With Mr Ato Austin was Mr Ebo Tawiah, a
member of the PNDC.

The theme for the workshop, jointly orga-
nised by the TUC and the International La-
bour Organiration (ILO). was “workers parti-
cipation in management.”

Mr Austin said the Joint Consultative Com-
mittees (JCCs), as consultative bodies, should
Participate in negotiations of service conditions
as well as “deal with the performance, produc-
tivity evaluation and disciplinary matters” at
their work places.

He explained that following the failure of the
Interim Management Committees (IMCs) at
work places and the government’s search for
the right framework for instituting, popular
participation at all levels, the IMCs “were
reduced from direct management to that of
consultation.” ,

Mr Austin pointed out that it was a joint
responsibility for unionists and the government
to find wavs'of instituting the right framework
“to achieve true and a genuine national derno-
cracy.”

He observed that democracy and popular
participation at work places which could not be
achieved thre-igh legislation or “given merely
on request” demanded “awareness, a continu-
ous desire and search for avenues to give it

aan ee eapression.”

3400/1014

22

JPRS+SSA+854093
2 October 1985

GHANA

The government, he
noted. was trying to find
out how to employ the
concept of district coun-
cils to participate in the
discussion of all socially
sensitive policies of go-
vernment.

Mr Austin affirmed that
it would be beneficial if all
embraced the workers’
participation concept in
the search for national
freedom and higher pro-
ductivity.

While congratulating
the executive members of
the TUC for organising the
workshop, Mr Austin ask-
ed them to open avenues
for suggestions on national
Issues, 7

Tn his closing remarks.
the Secretary-General of
the TUC Mr A. K. Yankey.
said the congress would do
all within its power to sup-
port efforts of the PNDC.
to better the lot of the
working masses.

He asked workers to re-
frain from struggling for
power and urged them to
ensure that decisions of the
workshop are communi-
cated to the rank and file
at the various work places.

Earlier. a government
delegation, including Mr
John Ndebugre of the
PNDC Secretariat. had
discussions with the 35
participants from the 17
national tnions.—GNA.


NOTE

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newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
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sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text ]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, ‘the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted. :

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
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Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402. ‘

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



JPRS+8SA+85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

TETE GOVERNOR MEETS WITH STATE, PRIVATE FARMERS
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 1 Aug 85 p 2

[Text] The use of resources and new techniques within our reach to raise produc—
tion and reduce the use of fuels was one of the major points stressed by the
first secretary and governor of Tete Province, Eduardo Arao, in a dialogue held
with private and state farmers in Chingodzi,in the city of Tete, during his
visit to this area. Eduardo Arao declared: "Thefarmers, in cooperation with
the Office of Green Zones, must do whatever is possible to ensure a permanent
production in the city's low-lying areas during the year, so as to enable the
population to have green vegetables on the market."

On his visit, the first secretary and governor of. Tete Province was accompanied
by members of the party and government in the province and from the city of
Tete.

During the visits to collective farms the top-ranking party and state leader in
the province held a dialogue with the farmers, learning about their problems;
and he called for an increase in the production areas, doing everything possible
to retain labor. This problem was also posed on nearly all the communal farms
toured, and it was noted that the main reason is the lack of incentives, in
terms of food and clothing, for agricultural workers.

“Tf the farmer,whoever he may be, needs the worker in order to earn money for
his own purposes, why not purchase clothes that are on the market to ¢lothe
him?" This was one of the questions asked during the dialogue with the farmers.
There are on the local market locally produced pants and shirts, something that
the private farmers claim to be lacking on the market, to clothe their workers.

In fact.on the collective farms, where the workers are minimally organized, the
farmers did not bring up the problem of the labor shortage.

Using Means Within Reach
The use of resources and new techniques within our reach to raise production
and reduce the use of fuels was one of the points stressed by the governor in

the contacts made with the private and state farmers in Chingodzi, in the city
of Tete.

65



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76


France recognised the new government, and was
soon followed by Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Iraq,
the Arabs presumably relieved by the thought of a
Muslim, conservative regime replacing an ideological
madman. Four months after the coup the mercenar-
ies were asked, with thanks, to leave; soon after that
the Comoros were admitted to the OAU. Some of
the mercenaries left; about 30 remained. (Jobs for
mercenaries, since the Congo days, were few and
far between. There were Positions available at the
time in the Rhodesian army, but mercenaries enlisted
there as ordinary soldiers and were subject to rigid
discipline).

The mercenaries had in Abdallah a compliant and
grateful host; their presence gave him peace of mind:
they were numerous enough to deal with any internal
threat. The regular army, the Force Armée Comori-
enne (FAC), was completely disarmed. The mercen-
aries recruited and trained instead a presidential
guard, all but about 24 of them from Abdallah’s
commercial powerbase, Anjouan.

For services rendered : l

A special fund was established through a holding
company in Luxembourg to pay the mercenaries’
salaries and expenses, about $1.3m a year,‘ which
were drawn from the Banque Internationale des
Comores in Moroni. Who paid the money in or,
more exactly, the changing identity of the donors,
is one of the more interesting barometers of the
scramble for influence in the Comoros. The money
was probably provided at first by France and Saudi
Arabia, with Kuwait and Iraq chipping in. Exiles
claim that the later paymasters were South Africa,
Gabon and Morocco. The latter on many occasions
in the past has been a post box for American’ money.
Gabon played a key role in Rhodesia’s sanctions
busting. It seems likely, therefore, that in this case
Gabon was merely a laundry for shy Southern Afri-
can money.

South Arica’s appearance in the Comoros'should
be read in conjuction with events in Mozambique,
where the: anti-government Resisténcia Nacional
Mocambicana (MNR) guerrillas, supported by South
Africa (AC Vol 23 Nos 15 & 16), were becoming
increasingly active. The MNR’s arms supplies filtéred
in- by different routes: overland from South Africa
and Malawi and, into the northern Mozambican

12


cso:

region - is in the doldrums. The world price of partially processed
uranium ore (yellow cake) continues to fall. Part of Niger’s
output is bought by the French government, which pays a “‘politi-

cal’? premium as part of a long-term contract. This year France
is paying about CFA30,000 a kilo ($75), up 2.5% on 1984.
Production has fallen from 4,360 tonnes in 1981 to 3,400 tonnes
in 1984. Annual production is now unlikely to be much above
3,000 tonnes, accounting for about 10% of the CFA86 bn budget.
If uranium prices continue to fall, the two mines might become
unprofitable. The American company, Conoco, has already pulled
out of a project to form a third mining consortium under the
name of SMTT.

With little prospect of other natural resources, especially now
that Elf Aquitaine’s oil exploration near Lake Chad has yielded
nothing, Niger relies on aid mainly from France, the US, West
Germany and Haly. If Nigeria’s economy were to recover, Niger
would benefit considerably. But the outlook in Nigeria remains
bleak for the forseeable future. Most critical is the need for
good rains this year following the disastrous drought which has
decimated cattle herds and created a large cereals deicit for the
first time in years.

Against this fraught background, Kountché is trying to go
ahead with his version of an ‘‘authentic”’ African political institu-
tion - La Société de Développement, in which the population
is organised in family, clan and village-type structures closely
supervised by government officials under the charge of former
prime minister Annou Mahamane. A national charter setting out
the limits to political expression might finally appear towards the
end of the year @

Footnotes

1. They reportedly entered Niger from Algeria. Kountché wants
somehow to neutralise the Touregs based around the southern
Algerian town of Tamanrasset. Algerian president Chadli
Benjedid, while listening politely, hints that Algeria would
keep a closer eye on Tamanrasset if Niger came out openly in
support of Polisario in Western Sahara.

2. Another group of anti-Kountché activists operates out of
Belgium and France behind el-Lieut. Amadou Oumarou, fami-
larly known as Bonkano. Formerly the president’s influential
religious advisor (marabout), he was the driving force behind
the 1983 foiled coup (AC Vol 24 No 22). His group’s activities
have been limited to anti-government propaganda.

3400/1053

71



USSR FIRST RESIDENT ENVOY PRESENTS CREDENTIALS

Maseru THE COMET in English 10 Aug 85 p 6

[Text]

cso:

THE first residential ara.
Dassador of the Soviet
Union to Lesotho Mr.
Viadimir Evanovich Gav-
- rloshkin says the approach
of the U.S.S,R. ito the de-
velopment of the relations
with Lesotho and other

newly free countries is.
based on the Leninist for-,

eign policy of full equali-
ty, and respect for the na-
tional sovereignity an non-
interference. .

Mr, Gavrioshkin, who
suceeds amassador Yuri
Sepeliov, who was exercis-
ing his powers from Ma.
puto embassy, said this
last week when presenting
his letter of credence to
His Majesty King Moshoe-
shoe II at the Royal palace
in Maseru.

The new ambassador
said, “We perceive... the.

3400/1072

peoples freed from colon-
ialism as our friends and
equal’ partners in the
struggle for peace and
progress and we fully as-
sociate ourselves. with
their efforts to strengthen
their sovereignity, to de-
fend their freedom and
independence.”

Mr. Gavrioshkin, said,
he was convinced that all
independent countries in
Africa could make worthy
contribution tto the vital
cause of the presentation
of peace all over the
World.

He showed his country’s
high appreciation of the
peace-loving policy of Le-
sotho, the cause of Afri-
can unity and its contri-
bution to the struggle for
complete elemination of

29

JPRS*SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

LESOTHO

colonialism and racism on *

the continent. .

His Majesty the King
noted with satisfaction
that the diplomatic rela-
tion between the two
countries were established
on the principles of mu-
tual respect for each
other’s national severeign-
ity, equality, among na-
tions and peoples and
non interference in each
other’s domestic affairs,

He also hoped ithat the
presence of USSR mission
in Lesotho will continue
to promote a better un-
derstanding between the
people of Lesotho and
those of the Soviet Union.

His Majesty appreciated
the consistent role played
by the Soviet Union in
‘the liberation struggle in
Africa,


JPRS*SSA#854093
2 October 1985

SWAZILAND

DUTCH FIRM TO BUILD R16M FACTORY

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 18 Aug 85 p 3

[Text] Business Times Reporter . Lesotho and Botswana without any trade bar-
DUTCH-controlled Interboard International riers.
will invest R16-million in a chipboard factory “Our membership of the preferential trade
in Swaziland. area of Eastern and Southern Africa means
Machinery for the factory at Nhlangano that our exports to the north do not encounter
should arrive by June next year and the plant the foreign-exchange payment difficulties
should be commissioned in March 1987. encountered by goods from elsewhere.
‘The mew factory I owned 07.5% by Inter: Lab f
board International Holdings, remaining
12.5% being held by the National Industrial “ ahour force
Development Corporation of Swaziland. ‘Our status as a developing country af-
Tt will employ 420 workers, fords our goods preferential access to US, the
Interboard in South Africa will provide European Economic Community and most:
marketing expertise, technical back-up and other Western nations,
management initially. Mr von Wissel says Swaziland recently in-
About 50% of the board produced will be troduced a five-year company tax holiday to
sold to neighbouring states and the rest will encourage exporters. It is supplemented by
be exported overseas. _ balning, housing and accelerated depreci-
: ation allowances.
Preferential “We recognise one of the most important ,
Swaziland’s Minister of Commerce, Indus- factors determining the success or failure of
try and Tourism, Derek von Wissel, says Swa- a modern business is the quality of its labour
zitand offers industrialists excellent access to force. In Swaziland, productivity levels are
other markets. . high, the Government is investing heavily in
“As a member of the Southern African | ‘ training, and Jabour relations are harmont-:
Customs Union our goods enter South Africa, ous.
CsO: 3400/1972

100



JPRS#=SSA+854093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

BRITISH FIRM GETS CONTRACT FOR MAPUTO WATER SUPPLY PROJECT
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 6 Aug 85 p 8

[Text] Construction should begin this month on a project to double the
capacity of Maputo's water system, Mozambican authorities announced yesterday
during the ceremony in which the contract was awarded. Bids had been sought
from international sources and the contract, worth as much as 222,400 contos—-
of which 125,000 contos is to be paid in foreign exchange--was awarded to

Wade Adams Construction Limited of Great Britain. The project is part of the
undertaking known worldwide as the Maputo Emergency Water Supply Project, which
has a total budget of 800,000 contos, of which 441,000 contos is being financed
by the African Development Bank.

As Mr Lopes Pereira, National Water Director, stated when he presided over
the signing ceremony, the project represents the beginning of the final phase
of a prolonged effort to build up the capacity of the system supplying water
to the capital city, a process that, for all practical purposes, began right
after Mozambique attained its independence.

Also present at the ceremony were Federico Martins, Director of Water and
Sanitation for the city of Maputo; Miguel Alves, Director of Maputo Water
Company, (the company that owns the project) and representatives of the
British consulting firms Sir M. MacDonald & Partners Limited and Demeter
House.

Features of the Project

Speaking at the ceremony, Mr Alves, Director of Agua de Maputo, explained that
the overall enterprise, the Maputo Emergency Water Supply Project, involves the
construction of a new water treatment plant, a catchment and pumping station on
the Umbeluzi River, a reservoir for treated water, a pumping station for
treated water, and 25 kilometers of new 800-1000 mm water mains,

Except for the new treatment plant, the project is being carried out with
the assistance of the consulting firm of Sir MacDonald and Partners.

The project was divided into three contracts to cover the different components.

International invitations to bid on these contracts were sent out early last
year. No fewer than 46 domestic and foreign companies participated.

36


Concerning the results of the course, the new militiamen declared that they
now felt more like workers, more like Mozambicans and more like patriots,
conscience of the need to defend our fatherland.

The new militia members presented the leader of Sofala with a bow and arrows,
as a symbolic gesture of acknowledgment for Marcelino dos Santos’ effort and
dedication to matters of self-defense, particularly in the city of Beira.

On the site, the participants also contributed 2,500.00 meticals in tribute to
the 10th anniversary of the proclamation of national independence; and announced
a donation of 60,450.00 meticals to the Provincial People's Militias Command in
Sofala, to support its activities.

In his remarks at the closing session, the provincial leader reaffirmed the
need for the people's military organization, "which must be reflected in its
integration, either in the regular Army or in the militia forces," as Marcelino
dos Santos declared.

The compulsory nature of the people's training was also underscored by Marcelino
dos Santos, who gave the newly trained militia members responsibility for
strengthening the People's Militia Committees at their work places and residences,
as one of the major components in the formation of a strong barrier against the
enemy action in the form of armed bandits.

He explained that this action will enable the Army to assume its real role in
this struggle, namely that of taking the offensive position in the jungle.

Nevertheless, Marcelino dos Santos warned that the statement of commitment
made there would have to have a practical existence and implementation, through
the young people's involvement in compulsory military service and that of the
other citizens in the front line of socialist organization in our country.

Commenting on the high level of organization evinced during the course, that
member of the FRELIMO Party's Politbureau noted that this must now start. to
be shown in the daily activity of the new militiamen, through their active
participation in the conservation of property, organization of supplies and
other areas.

Discussing specific matters relating to supplies in the capital of Sofala,
Marcelino dos Santos explained that Francisco Maquil's visit to Beira is associ-
ated with the efforts being made to find solutions to the ongoing problems. By
way of example, he cited providing for a regular supply of products for the
Armed Forces.

With regard to the spoiling of green vegetables, which has assumed rather
serious proportions in the capital of Sofala, the provincial director claimed
that this situation is on the way to a solution, and that the city's agencies
were held responsible for intensifying the study of the origins of this pheno-
menon and the methods for resolving it.

61



JPRS*SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

ECONOMIC COOPERATION WITH ITALY DETAILED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 1 Aug 85 p 8

[Text] The government of Italy will discuss the use of $340 million for Mozam-
bican projects included in the bilateral cooperation, at the next session of
the Joint Economic Commission, to be held soon. Italy has already financed
undertakings which are in the phase of execution, valued at $400 million. in
comparison with the economic cooperation, which has been showing constant
progress, the trade relations between the two countries have not been very
intense, to date, owing to various conditioning factors. However, Italy has
already given assurance of its participation in the 2lst edition of the Maputo
International Fair, with 13 business firms.

Last year, the total volume of commercial exchanges between Mozambique and Italy
(both imports and exports) amounted to $19 million; representing a 43.8 percent
reduction from the 1983 figure.

The director of the Italian Institute for Foreign Trade, Dr Mario Calandriello,
told NOTICIAS yesterday that, last year, Italian exports to Mozambique showed a
decline of $13.5 million, while in 1983 the sum of $30.5 million had been
attained,

Mozambican exports also underwent reductions, because during 1983 they totaled
$3 million, and last year, only $500,000.

However, the economic cooperation between Mozambique and Italy continues to show
constant progress; and one of the proofs of this is that, to date, that European
country has granted our country financing worth $400 million. At the next
session of the Mozambican-Italian Joint Economic Commission, the use of $340
million for Mozambican projects will be discussed.

In our country, Italy is taking part in economic programs in the fields of agro-
industry, the construction of infrastructural projects (the Corumana and Pequenos
Libombos dams), mines, electrification, telecommunications and others.

Between 1980 and 1984, Italy made donations to our country amounting to $15.7

million, primarily to aid the food programs, especially in the areas critically
stricken by famine. 4

32


The leaders of the delegation praised the behavior of all the delegates during
their stay in Moscow, pointing out that the social composition of our people
was reflected in this heterogeneous group; and that, despite the relatively
brief time for joint preparations, all the delegates managed to represent out
country fittingly and returned more friendly with one another than they were
when they left here.

It was issued as an instruction that the Mozambican delegates to the Moscow
festival should hold in their Places of activity meetings with their colleagues,
at which they would give as accurate an account as possible of our participation
in this major world forum of youth and students.

2909
CSO: 3442/385

64


JPRS*SSA485+093
2 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

MUNANGAGWA TELLS YOUTH TO POPULARIZE SCIENTIFIC SOCIALISM

Harare THE HERALD in English 2 Sep 85 p 5

[Text]

ZIMBABWE'S youth
should guard against cul-
tural submissiveness andi
pepularise scientific so-
cialism, says the Minister
of State (Security), Cde
Emmerson Munangagwa.

In a talk he gave re-
dently, about Zimbabwe .
and fore’
the Catholic Youth Asso-
ciation annual regional
congress at St Paul's Mis-
sion, Musami, he sald
the ‘youth could not build
socialism without the
guidance of Marxism-
Leninism,

“The youth have noth-
ing to losg by studying
Marxism-Leninism = and
aligning thelr interests |
with those of the working

eople who genuinely
stand up, to fight for the |
overthrow of capitalism |
and all forms of exploita-|

ion,” i

The struggle for genuine:
liberation in alt fields |}
economic, cultural, politic-:
al and ideological — was
the yardstick for measui
ing progressive Zimba-
‘wenn culture and the
foreign culture that.
sought ‘to perpetuate
foreign domination and
capitalist exploitation”.

The importance of
Marxism-Leninism was
that it showed how
soctety “develops, how;
capitalist exploitation can
he overthrown and how on
the ruins of capitalism a
roclalist society can ba
built”,

The history of Zimbs-
‘bwe showed that “our

cso; 3400/1117

i

people” fought against
foreign domination long
before they could read or
write, and “Marxism-
Leninism takes up this
tradition and puts it on a
scientific basis”.

It had to be viewed as
a way of Nfe that em-
ployed science and human
energies to fight against
hunger, disease, ignorance
and underdevelopment.

Practices that forced
people to believe that
every disease was caused
by witchcraft were irrele-
vant -to our efforts to
build socialism in Zimba-
bwe”.

Beliefs that held that
car accidents, droughi«,
subversion and economic
sabotage were caused by
the anger of the gods or
displeasure of ancestral
spirits or were the work
aft Satan were equally not
“relevant to our efforts to
bufld sdclalism”.

“Marxism - Leninism
does not only expose and
challenge these unscienti-
fie views, but also chal-
lenges you as the young
generation to acquire the
Marxist - Leninist sclen-
tific socialist view of
reality, if you are to make
® conscious and purpose-
ful contribution to the
national development of
Zimbabwe, to mankind
and ‘the peace-loving
world in general,” the
minister sald.

He urged the youth not
te succumb to cultural

submissiveness by ing
the American and Wests

ern why of life,
“Indeed, 2 youth who
apes and succumbs to

101

{he culture of the s0-
called free world and
Western cultural terror-
ism cannot be expected
4o be ideologically free.
The same goes for
the youth who
nated by tradition and
Diindly tries to Hve up
to it, Such youth cannot.
be expected to develop
a view of reality consis-
tent with our chosen
goat of scientific social-

ism.

Cultural sabotage con-
sisted of attempts “to
push down our throats
externally imposed) ideas,
habits and messages aim-
ed at brainwashing us

-and making us fbelievo

that socialism cannot be

| built emywhere in the
world and that capital-
ism js the best way of
fe”.

Cde Munangagwa re-
called that during the
Mberation struggle Chimu-
renga songs, dance, drama
and the songs of musi-
clans such os Thomas
Mapfumo, Oliver Mutu-
icudzi ond Zacks Manatsa
had won the confidence of
the people in their sup-
port for the struggle
against foreign settler
domination,

“This is what a revolu-
tionary culture should do
in Zimbabwe today. We
challengefall these musi-
clans, artists, dramatists
and all you young people
to concretise and focus on
the Marxist-Leninist way
of life in your arts, to
highlight the contradic-
.tions and constraints in
our struggle to create
conditions for building
soclalism in Zimbabwe.”


IJPRS*SSA*85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

FISHING AGREEMENT WITH SPAIN STUDIED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 10 Aug 85 p 8

[Text] Yesterday, government delegations from Mozambique and Spain met in Vigo
to negotiate the revision of the agreement between the two countries in the
fishing sector. Sources close to the two delegations acknowledged that the
agreement was to have been signed yesterday as well.

The Mozambican delegation is headed by the state secretary of fishing, Tenreiro
de Almeida, and the Spanish delegation by the general director of fishing organi-
zation, Fernando Fernandez Laxa.

During yesterday's meeting, which lasted 3 hours, a revision was made in the
implementation of the agreement in effect.

According to ANOP [Portuguese News Agency], among the possibilities afforded for
the future is tuna fishing on the part of Spanish vessels in Mozambican waters.

According to the same sources, Mocambique expressed willingness to allow tuna
catching this year by Spanish boats in Mozambican waters, on an occasional and
exceptional basis, to be carried out through commercial trade-offs.

During the meeting, there was also a study of a program for cooperation in the
breeding of mussels that is under way in Mozambique, with Spanish technical
assistance, with positive results, after two technicians from that European.
country did work in this area carried out in Galicia.

The two delegations also explored the possibility of creating a Naval Social
Institute, which would not only serve to render assistance to fishing, but also
serve as a base of support for the population engaged in this activity.

However, the state secretary of fishing, Tenreiro de Almeida, did not confirm
the construction of 10 shrimp trawling boats, with a budget of 3 billion pesetas,
which was planned at the Galician Shipyards, under the same terms on which

the Spanish vessels are built.

Tenreiro de Almeida said: "This possibility was studied; however, there is not
yet a final decision"; adding that certain points still remained to be
specified with the Spanish Government.

According to ANOP, Tenreiro de Almeida is due to leave Spain today, via Paris,
but he gave assurance that his trip to France did not mean any type of contact
with French shipyards for boat construction.

2909
CSO: 3442/385
42


The representatives of German firms often do not care just how the money is
made: the managing director of a state-owned South African enterprise, not-
ing that products of West German industry have been strengthening the govern-
ment's system of oppression, stated with satisfaction: "The Germans collect
without asking many questions."

And so it goes: the fearsome police helicopters circling above the demon-
strating masses are produced by MBB in Munich; the armored Unimogs rolling
through the rebellious townships are manufactured by Daimler~Benz, and the
army moves its supplies on Magnis trucks coproduced by Magirus and Nissan.

Last fall, Siemens supplied the Pretoria headquarters of the armed forces
with one of the world's most advanced telephone switchboards. The Munich
firm's Telemat C-~a sophisticated video surveillance system-~automatically
responds to any movement. South African newspapers openly recommend the
device for use in "military installations."

This direct German assistance in surveillance and spying probably is not what
the regime considers most important. There is something that is far more
effective in the long term: the Germans’ zealous cooperation in the estab-
lishment of an independent industrial production that will make South Africa
less dependent on imports, thus taking the edge off trading partners’ poten-
tial sanctions.

In the electrical and automobile industries, for example, the government is
trying--by means of directives and financial incentives--to increase as much
as possible the "local share" of production. The Sasol coal liquefaction
plant, for which German firms supplied the know-how, is to make the country
less dependent on oil imports. Nuclear power plants, built with the assist~
ance of German firms, serve the same purpose.

Whether they like it or not, the German firms with their seemingly purely
economic activities are deeply involved in the apartheid state's strategy.
Some of the company representatives freely acknowledge their sympathy for
the system. Alex Cammerer, the representative of Frankfurt's BHF-Bank,
openly prides himself on his membership in the governing National Party; in
the last elections, he even tried to gain a seat in Parliament. Siemens’
second man in South Africa is a stalwart Boer by the name of Johan Trotskie.

In their defense, many German executives point out that in their firms inter-
racial relations are governed by the EC's "Behavioral Code." Among other
things, this category of guidelines stipulates certain minimum wages, equal
opportunities for advancement, improved training opportunities and recogni-
tion of black labor unions.

This year, 47 of the approximately 300 German plants at the Cape documented
their willingness to abide by the Code in a report to the Federal Government.
For the most part, these are the big firms that employ approximately 80 per-
cent of all the workers in German enterprises and that pride themselves~-like
W, for example~-on "having overfulfilled the Code."

84


instead of tension) in South Africa, "force" the Angolans to maintain contact
with the North Americans. In addition, Luanda, which had kept itself some-
what distant of the continental questions, strongly backed the conciliatory
peak in Addis Ababa. It must be noted that a short time previously it
{Angola] had renewed diplomatic relations with Morocco, a country which

has supported UNITA. On the other hand, President Jose dos Santos visited
the Ivory Coast in mid-June. Aging President Felix Houphonet-Biogny had
received Savimbi two weeks before.

"Gulf Oil": Oil... and Blood

In addition to military movements. UNITA, which Luanda calls "bandits,"
"puppets," or "unpatriotic," also plays the diplomatic card.

In an interview with the WASHINGTON POST, the person responsible for handling
external affairs for UNITA, Jeremias Chitunda congratulates himself for

the repeal of the "Clark Amendment" and states that the rebels seek to obtain
from the U.S.A. "unequivocal political and moral support." In that interview
Chitunda reveals that UNITA was preparing for sabotage operations in Cabinda,
when the South African commandos were intercepted. He feels that fact "com-
plicated the task of his movement, because the Angolan government tripled

its vigilance and because we lost credibility."

For Chitunda, Gulf Oil is going to "subsidize" the Soviet and Cuban "occu-
pation" of Angola.

"At present, Gulf Oil has, in practice, its hands stained with the blood
of the Angolan people," said Chitunda to the WASHINGTON POST.

Chitunda's statements coincided with the reduction, at least apparently,

of UNITA's military activities. Meanwhile, the MPLA is relying on the
mobilization involving two important moments in the country's life: the
tenth anniversary of the independence in November and the II Party Congress
which, together with the Non-Aligned Meeting, form a trilogy of great events.

For a country that has had more war than bread, 1985 takes shape as a year
of change for the better.

12987
CSO: 3442/3886


NIGER

Fishing Research, Worker Agreement Signed With Norway
(NOTICIAS, 8 Aug 85) cceeecerecececerecereeereresereeres

Fishing Agreement With Spain Studied
(NOTICIAS, 10 Aug 85) ..cecscesececerereresescscsereeres

Manica Province To Increase Involvement in Security Effort
(NOTICIAS, 7 Aug 85) sessececececccecersererserteesceces

Inhambane Airfield Rehabilitation Under Study
(NOTICIAS, 7 Aug 85) cecseeceececeeccececentercccereneee

High-Level Meeting To Study Maputo Urban Situation
(NOTICIAS, 14 Aug 85) cscscccececececceececcererecscsees

Mozambique Sugar Refinery Prepares for "85 Harvest
(NOTICIAS, 1 Aug 85) seceeeececvceercecccececcreseneeere

Interrupted Hog Raising Project in Madal Resumed
(NOTICIAS, 9 Aug 85) cecsesecececceerrececereserceaeees

Increased Production, Marketing of Cotton, Cashews Needed
(NOTICIAS, 3 Aug 85) ceveceescsceccccccceerenceseseseeee

Merchant Marine Acquires New Ship
(NOTICIAS, 16 Aug 85) cecceveeecccecccceceecseceneeseees

EMOPESCA Receives Two Tugs for GDR-Sponsored Project
(NOTICIAS, 13 Aug 85) .scceceeeccceecseceeeeeeeeeeneeees

New Militia Members End Course in Beira
(NOTICIAS, 13 Aug 85) cesceeeeececeeersrscerecceccaseeee

Youths Study Participation in Moscow Festival
(NOTICIAS, 10 Aug 85) .eseeececeeececreccrececves

Tete Governor Meets With State, Private Farmers
(NOTICIAS, 1 Aug 85) cecccceesscceeeereeseeserers

Briefs
Marromeu Women Trained as Militias
Resettlement in Vilanculo
.ODM's Aid Armed Forces
Fishery Experts GDR Trained

Problems With Libyan-Trained Groups, Economy Detailed
(AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL, 17 Jul 85) seseceeeseeceseceecsees

40

42

43

45

47

51

53

56

58

59

60

63

65

68
68
69
69

70


As for the merchant marine, among other activities Norway is participating in
the program relating to the Mozambique School of Navigation.

With the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC), Norway
is attempting to carry out a project for the creation of a training school for
port cadres in Maputo. It is also participating in the program for aid in the
area of gas and oil prospecting in our country.

Presence at FACIM

Arthur Sydnes, from NORAD, told NOTICIAS that his country's presence is now
assured at the 21st edition of the Maputo International Fair, which will take
place from 23 August.to 1 September. Norway will be represented at this
commercial competitive event by seven Norwegian companies operating primarily
in the field of electricity and matters relating to water.

The Kingdom of Norway considers FACIM to be a solid base for the expansion and
intensification of the cooperative relations. As Arthur Sydnes remarked, this
competition is a boost for the increase of commercial exchanges between the
two countries.

Arthur Sydnes commented: "Mozambique is a country with a large number of resources.
Hence, our cooperative relations have been developed mainly in the context of

the program to rehabilitate the national economy. We are also taking part in
programs for cultural development."

He noted that the Scandinavian countries are interested in a more extensive

cooperation in the economic, social and cultural areas with the countries of
southern Africa.

2909
cso: 3442/387

39



PROBLEMS WITH LIBYAN-TRAINED GROUPS, ECONOMY DETAILED

London AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL in English 17 Jul 85 p8

[Text]

NIGER: LIBYAN DESTABILISATION? We understand up to
500 opponents of President Seyni Kountché’s regime are being
trained militarily in Libyan camps at Sebha. Their presence
became known at the end of May after a group of Libyan-
trained Toureg nomads attacked the northern outpost of Tchin-
Tabaraden. Efforts to undermine Kountche’s already struggling
regime are expected to intensify. The main opposition group is
the mysterious Front Populaire de Libération de Niger (FPLN)
headed by Abdoulaye Diori (son of former president Hamani
Diori), who works out of Ivory Coast and Libya, and Kamed
Moussa, a Toureg who fled in 1981 while serving as Kountché’s
chef du cabinet. A sign of the tension in the capital Niamey is the
placing under house again of Hamani Diori, who the government
obviously believed could be a rallying point for the Opposition.

The FPLN’s present strategy is to win the sympathy of the
nomadic Touregs in the north, who comprise about 10% of the
country’s 5m inhabitants. Though a Toureg, Hamid Algabid, was
appointed prime minister last year, most Touregs feel cut off
from central government. Certainly the great bulk of development
funds go to the sedentary farmers of the south. Growing economic
hardship, above all in urban areas, will provide a constituency
for anti-government activity.2-

Kountché has no room for manouevre. He has tried to crack
down on corruption, sacking in the process several senior civil
servants. But he cannot make much impression because a lot of
the elite makes its living in the black economy, noi least in the
contraband trade with Nigeria, whose border the Nigerian military
government tries to keep closed. Kountché has also tried to
comply with IMF and World Bank suggestions to sell to the
private sector some state companies. The Tesponse has been
almost totally negative. Minister of public works Lt-Col. Mama-
dou Beidari (the only military officer still in the cabinet) is about
to sack over 1,000 state employees. With no job opportunities
for graduates and secondary school-leavers, the regime can also
expect trouble from students.

The regime’s only financial buffer - uranium from the two
mines (SOMAIR and COMINAK) in the mountainous Air

70

JPRS*SSA+854093
2 October 1985

NIGER


JPRS+SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

GERMAN BUSINESS ATTITUDES, LINKS TO SECURITY FORCES DETAILED
Hamburg DER SPIEGEL in German 19 Aug 85 pp 90-93
[Unattributed article: "Germans in South Africa: Much to Lose"]

{Text] Alarmed by the revolt of the blacks, German firms
have halted investments in South Africa. Nevertheless,
they are not yet prepared to withdraw, even though black
freedom fighters have been threatening to bomb those German
enterprises that supply military equipment or nuclear
technology.

It is considered the country of "golden and profitable opportunities." In-
vestments pay off in as little as "3 to 5 years." In short, it is a "pio-
neer's country in which foreign entrepreneurs are relatively free from gov-
ernment directives and regulations."

Until recently, this was the way the Republic of South Africa was extolled in
the business pages of German newspapers. And now the time of great business
at the Cape of Good Hope is supposed to be over?

All over the world, there is increasing pressure to impose economic sanc~
tions on the apartheid regime. The UN Security Council is calling for the
cessation of all investment in South Africa and for the withholding of
credits. The French Government has ordered discontinuance of investments,
and Willy de Clercq, the EC's Foreign Policy Commissioner, has warned South
Africa of economic sanctions.

Only by announcing he would start filibustering was right-wing Senator Jesse
Helms able to prevent the U.S. Senate from passing boycott measures before
the summer recess.

As yet, the German firms at the Cape need not be concerned that the Federal
Government--by imposing economic restrictions~-will ruin their business in
South Africa. To be sure, Guenter Verheugen, an M.P. (SPD) whom the SPD's
executive board had dispatched to South Africa on a fact-finding mission,
called for calculated measures against the regime. But Federal Chancellor
Helmut Kohl--before going on his vacation trip to Wolfgangsee--unequivocally
stated that "we certainly will not do what our French friends did in this
case."

79



906019

_ JPRS-SSA-85-093
2 October 1985

Sub-Saharan Africa Report: | :

| 19900006 155°

—

| FBIS

REPRODUCED BY
| NATIONAL TECHNICAL

INFORMATION SERVICE |0 3.
US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE y
LL SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 | o



JPRS+SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

RADIO TRUTH NOTES MILITARY INVOLVEMENT IN MOZAMBIQUE
MB281309 (Ciandestine) Radio Truth in English to Zimbabwe 0430 GMT 28 Aug 85
[Station commentary: “The War in Mozambique and the Zimbabwean Involvement"]

[Text] Zimbabwe is being sucked deeper and deeper into the civil war in
Mozambique. As more and more of our troops are committed to the defense

of our economic lifelines and in direct battle against Renamo, it is im-
perative that every Zimbabwean is fully informed about what is happening in
that forlorn country. Our media and the ZANU-PF quarters have little to say
about the real news from Mozambique and for very obvious reasons. They want
to hide the truth from the people of this country in an effort to blunt
adverse reaction and criticism of our government policy on this vital issue.
Radio Truth is determined to keep you properly informed, and we will relay
on a reguiar basis the intelligence which comes to hand.

Every taxpayer has the right to know how and where his money is being spent.
Every parent is entitled to know the course in which his son's life is at
risk and the circumstances in which our young men are compelled to suffer.

Let us take a iook at the details of activities over a period of one month
that have been fed into the station by our correspondent. South of the Sabie
River, Renamo launched assaults on some 15 bases occupied by the armed forces
of Mozambique. Among these was the FPLM provincial headquarters in the Gaza
Province and a battalion base southeast of Chokwe. Ten foreign convoys were
attacked, one of them oniy kilometers from Maputo. Sabotage missions were
carried out against the Maputo-Ressano Garcia rail line, three different
factories in the Maputo area, a water pipeline, and the telephone lines between
Maputo and Manica.

In counteractions, FPLM mounted attacks on 10 Renamo bases. They also carried
out house-to-house raids in some of the Matola suburbs, during which some
light weapons, ammunition, and uniforms were confiscated. In these searches
government troops robbed the inhabitants of food and personal possesions.

There was less overt activity in the central provinces of Mozambique. Two

FPLM convoys were ambushed by Renamo and the resistance movement occupied

an airfield in Beira. In this action the Zimbabwean troops guarding the airport
were driven off. The power lines to Beira were sabotaged on a number of

105



KENYA

LESOTHO

MOZAMBI'

Institute Breeds New Maize Seed Varieties
(Kwaku Nehemia; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 16 Aug 85) .....

Government To Change Company Ownership Code
(Ato Austin; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 12 Aug 85) ..

Alumni Asked To Help Military Academy
(Kobla Ali Kukubor; GHANAIAN TIMES, 15 Aug 85) ......eee

Railway To Substitute Briquettes for Imported Coal
(Wendy Asiama, Kojo Sam; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC,
13 Aug 85) ..

Briefs
Wenchi Resettling Refugees
Rawling's Portrait
Foreign Service Purge
Soviets Rehabilitate Technical Institute
Non-Traditional Exports Identified
Coffee Pact Signed
New Petroleum Prices
New Exchange Rate
Good Sheanut Yield Expected
New Coins
Cuban Doctors Expected
Akure Airport Soon Ready

Briefs
Coup Plot Revealed

USSR First Resident Envoy Presents Credentials
(THE COMET, 10 Aug 85) Tee eee eer ee weer eee ee eee senns

QUE

New Italian Project To Aid Maputo's Green Zones
(NOTICIAS, 15 Aug 85) cecceesecsccecnccecevenses

Economic Cooperation With Italy Detailed
(NOTICIAS, 1 Aug 85) ....ceeccccecssccecsceecccucecnnees

France Boosts Gaza, Inhambane Cashew Marketing Campaign
(Gabriel Mussavele; NOTICIAS, 15 Aug 85) .......000e

British Firm Gets Contract for Maputo Water Supply Project
(NOTICIAS, 6 Aug 85) oo... ccccceecccceecceevesseceseacers

Various Cooperation Projects With Norway Described
(NOTICIAS, 5 Aug 85) ...eseccseeecesccesesseseeeeceeces

-b-

22

23

28

29

30

32

34

36

38


occasions and the city had virtually no power supplies for two months.

FPIM antiaircraft units have been ordered to shoot down any light aircraft
flying in this region because this is the method by which Renamo units are
being resupplied. These aircraft are said to come from the permanent airfield
Renamo have estabisihed at their main base in the Gorongoza area.

Because of the poor security situation and persistent Renamo harassment,
FPLM troops in Manica and Tete Province are being supplied via Zimbabwe. In
northern Mozambique a number of coastal towns have been subjected to Renamo
assaults. Half a dozen FPLM bases received the same treatment. These reliable
reports suggest that a few Renamo members were executed in Nampula Province,
including some who had accepted an amnesty offer. In general the statistics
available to us show that Renamo retains control of the military initiative.
Some two-thirds of the contacts between opposing forces are initiated by the
MNR. In similar vein, the number of FPLM soldiers killed in battle are more
than double the casuaity suffered by the insurgents. The low morai in the
Mozambican armed forces is highlighted by the serious level of desertion.
This is averaging close to 100 a month,

It is true that the volume of incidents in Manica:and Sofala Provinces where
Zimbabwean troops are.stationed is relatively low. However, this will not
save Frelimo from defeat.

By far the greatest concentration of activity is in Maputo Province, in line
with Renamo's declared intent to seize the capital before the end of this year.
To grant even a temporary respite to the hard-pressed Frelimo forces, ZANU-PF
would have to commit our troops on a much wider and more intensive scale.

This, as we have pointed out before, is an extremely dangerous game. In the
eyes of the Mozambican population, we may well be supporting a lost cause.

In the current month the war has heated up still further. “Despite the pre-
sence of about 8,000 ZNA [Zimbabwe National Army] troops engaged on essential
guard duties, the Beira—Mutare oil pipeline was blown up on 13 August. During
the past week Renamo launched a lightening strike against the capital city
itself. Overall, Freiimo appeared to be on the defensive, and the outiook
for its survival is grim indeed. This reinforces our view that Zimbabwean
military activity in that country should be confined to the protection of

our key lifelines. To become embroiled in a civil war is something we cannot
afford in lives or money. In the past few days the plight of Mozambique and
its people has hit the world's headlines.

CSOP 3400/1056

106


JPRS*SSA#85+093
2 October 1985

GOOD SHEANUT YIELD EXPECTED--Sheanut farmers in the Northern Region hope to
produce a total of 30,000 tonnes of 4,800 bags of sheanut this year. This was
announced by Soma-Wura Diabour Saka, Northern Regional chief farmer of the
Cocoa, Coffee and Sheanut Farmers Association, at a press conference in Accra
yesterday. He disclosed that the farmers were working harder than before, and
attributed this to the increase in the producer price of sheanut from £1,080
to ¢1,700 per a bag of 64 kilogramme as announced by the Government. The
Soma-Wura said nearly 10,000 tonnes of sheanut were purchased in the Northern
Region during the first week of this month alone, and predicted that if the
trend persisted, farmers and pickers in the Northern, Upper-East and Upper-West
Regions could produce about 800,000 bags of the nut by next year. He said, as
at August 8, a total of 16,000 tonnes of 256,000 bags of sheanut at a total
cost of £453,200,000 had been purchased and fully paid for by the Produce
Buying Company (PBC). [Text] [Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 21 Aug 85 p 8]
[Article by Peter Abban and Blessing Udoh]}

NEW GOINS--The Bank of Ghana has put into circulation three new coins to be
used alongside existing cedi notes and coins. The coins, all made in brass
nickel, are circular in shape and are in 50-pesewas, one cedi and five cedis
denominations. Explaining the rationale behind the introduction of the new
coins, Mr P. K. Djamson, secretary of the bank, said the coins would be more
economical to mint and more durable than the notes which wear out fast. [Text]
[London TALKING DRUMS in English 19 Aug 85 pp 24-25]

CUBAN DOCTORS EXPECTED--Four doctors and four para-medical personnel are
expected from Cuba soon to work with the medical staff in the Northern Region,
the Regional Secretary, Mr Huudu Yahaya has announced. Receiving a three-man
delegation on a month's visit to the country, Mr Yahaya said assistance of this
nature would help Ghana and Cuba to learn from each other. He said interaction
between the two countries since the 31 December revolution had narrowed the
distance between them adding "politically we have the same objectives and share
a common view." [Text] [London TALKING DRUMS in English 12 Aug 85 p 23]

AKURE AIRPORT SOON READY-~The Akure Airport is to become operational by the
end of the year. This hint was dropped by the chairman of the Board of Direc-
tors of the Nigerian Airports Authority, Alhaji Asad Mohammed, during a fare-
well courtesy call on the state governor, Commodore Bamidele Otiko in Akure.
According to him, "if all things work out according to plan, operation would
start at the Akure Airport by next December". This, he said, was as a result
of his board's satisfaction with the extent of work done at the airport,

which attracted the board's promise that it would render every assistance,

to make the project a reality. [Text] [London TALKING DRUMS in English 12 Aug
85 p 25]

CSO: 3400/1126

27



JPRS=SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

CHARGES OF SECRET OIL SHIPMENTS TO SOUTH AFRICA STIR NORWAY
Union Alleges Secret Shipments
Oslo AFTENPOSTEN in Norwegian 9 Jul 85 p 4

[Article: "Seaman's Chaplain in Durban: Covert Norwegian Oil Shipments to
South Africa"]

[Text] Norwegian ships are transporting oil to South Africa under a concealed
identity and according to a special procedure. Iu addition, calls of Norwegian
ships at Durban, South Africa's largest port city, increased by 50 percent
from last) year to this year. Seaman's Chaplain Knut Harald Seth has told this
to NRK's [Norwegian Broadcasting Service's| Africa correspondent.

Seth, who has finished his contract in Durban, says further that the scaman's
church's attempts to question the port authorities regarding the ship's name
during certain Norwegian calls most often resulted in the answer that the
ship's name was unknown, Seth thinks that Norwegian ships are calling at

South Africa under a coded name, but the seaman's church was able to register
the increase in the number of calls by means of newspapers and lIctters which
were to go out to the various ships, According to the seaman's chaplain, the
South African secret police kept a good eye on the Norwegian seaman's church.
There are harsh penalties in South Africa for disclosing secrets concerning the
country's oil imports, up to seven years in prison.

Norwegian Shipowners Association Administrative Director David Vik¢ren tells
AFTENPOSTEN that there has only been a single case in which a Norwegian ship
was to have gone with a concealed identity, and that was several years ago.

The shipowners association does not know of anything similar taking place today.
For this reason Vikéren takes a skeptical attitude toward the accuracy of the
report that Norwegian ships are calling at Durban under code names.

"Besides, it is completely forbidden to conceal a ship's identity; there is
nothing which can justify such an action. By the ship's identity, we mean the
ship's name and nationality," Vikfren says. But he emphasizes at the same
time that the shipowners association is not engaged in what he calls "police
work," i,e., checking to what extent all Norwegtan ships act legally.

86


international moving companies are doing "brisk business." Spedition
Schenker [Schenker Shipping Co.], a subsidiary of Deutsche Bundesbahn [German
Federal Railways] which is represented in Johannesburg by an affiliate, has
been uncommunicative-~in consideration of possibly forthcoming jobs: "After
all, we always have to hold out to the very end."

Of late, several U.S. enterprises have withdrawn from South Africa: Blue

Bell, the jeans manufacturer; the electronics concern Perkin-Elmer; sewing-
machine maker Singer; International Harvester, producer of agricultural and
construction equipment, and the soft drink concerns Pepsico and Coca-Cola.

Pure noble-mindedness is hardly ever the motive underlying the retreat. In
some instances, the move was part of a general curtailment of the foreign
branch network. But most of those who left did so because they were dissat—
isfied with the business situation.

Tidwell Industries, a U.S. firm producing mobile homes, sold its production
facilities at the Cape because "we felt--with the economic situation being
the way it is--we had better pack up and get out."

The German firms have not yet come to this realization. On the contrary:

at a time when the U.S. enterprises’ retreat from South Africa had already
become obvious, some of the German firms were expanding still further. Last
year, BMW doubled its production capacities at the Cape--even though the
automobile market was shrinking. In each of the last 2 years, Volkswagen
invested approximately DM 150 million, in order to equip the Uitenhage plant
for the production of the new Golf and Jetta models.

As late as this spring, tire producer Continental Gummi-Werke AG announced
they would expand their licensed-production facilities in South Africa.
Wilhelm Schaefer, member of the executive board, displayed unbroken optimism:
"South Africa will continue to be a source of economic impulses for the con-
tinent's southern part."

In the last few months, South Africa obtained special support from German
banks. On account of the increasingly intense antiapartheid campaigns waged
in the United States against investment in South Africa, leading U.S. banks
had stopped floating loans for South Africa as early as 2 years ago. This
year, Chase Manhattan Bank and a few local banks stated they were no longer
prepared to grant loans even to private enterprises in South Africa. German
and Swiss banks willingly stepped into the breach.

According to a study of the World Council of Churches, during the period from
mid-1982 until late 1984 six leading German banks participated in syndicate
loans~~each amounting to over $800 million--to South Africa: Bayerische
Vereinsbank, Dresdner Bank, BHF~Bank, Bayerische Landesbank, Westdeutsche
Landesbank and Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel~Bank.

As late as June, Commerzbank and Schweizerische Bankgesellschaft floated a

$100 million loan for South Africa. With great satisfaction, Finance Minis—
ter Barend du Plessis announced: "People have confidence in us."

81



And that, too has been
the response of prospec-
tive landlords:

“There are so many
empty houses in this
town — but as soon as
the owners find out I'm
from South Africa, they
say they are not pre-
pared to take the risk of
having me as a tenant.
I went to the Botswana
Council for Refugees,
but they said they were
powerless to help me,
and advised that I
should go to Dukwe
resettlement camp.
But that would
disrupt the school-
ing of my three chil-
dren and of my wife,
who is also a student.
And it would mean the
end of my business.
The man owns a panel-
beating business, and
provides employment:
for two Botswana.

cso: 3400/1072


JPRS*SSA*85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

MOZAMBIQUE SUGAR REFINERY PREPARES FOR '85 HARVEST

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 1 Aug 85 p 8

[Text] Organizational and disciplinary measures have recently been implemented
at the Mozambique Sugar Refinery (AM) headquartered in Mafambisse, Dondo
district (about 50 km from Beira) with a view to ensuring that the company's
1985 sugar-harvesting campaign gets underway between the end of August and
early September.

Until just over three weeks ago, it appeared that getting the campaign
started would be a "losing battle" because the atmosphere in Mafambisse at
this time so crucial for any sugar mill, when it prepares to start cutting
the cane for processing, was extremely unfavorable.

The main problem was the scarcity of field labor. AM needs 1,500 men for the
cutting phase and had only 400. No one knew where it would find the rest,
because the harvests of 1982 and 1983 had seen a massive exodus of seasonal
manpower owing to the devastating effects of the drought--circumstances which
resulted in the aggravation of a hunger problem that was dramatic enough in
itself.

Progress is being made in facing this situation, now that the company has
approached the leadership of the province of Sofala and those authorities have
promised to provide the greatest support possible within the areas of provincial
responsibility, particularly by sending to Mafambisse those articles of clothing
most needed by. the rural population, including goods to stock the shops

during the harvest period.

But the manpower issue drew attention to another deep-rooted problem. A
comprehensive survey of the company's administrative personnel led to the
conclusion that the staff of 800 could be cut by more than half without any
adverse effects.

By way of explanation, there had been 55 employees at the executive level and

this has now been cut to 18; the Department of Internal Administration has
been reduced from 160 to 50.

51



JPRS+SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

“Phen it will get to be up to each individual shipping company to make an

economic assessment of continuing to transport oil to the country,"
Frydenlund said.

He added that it is to no purpose just to forbid Norwegian shipping companies
from calling on South African ports with oil, because this will unilaterally
harm Norwegian shipping.

Foreign Affairs Ministry Undersecretary Torbjdrn Frdéysnes reported at the
press conference that several Gulf states have made similar resolutions as
Norway has regarding not selling oil to South Africa. Nevertheless, these
same nations account for 95 percent of the supply of oil to the country.

To the question of what Norwegian authorities intend to do with Norwegian
shipping companies which do not declare calls of ships and the names of ships
which call on South Africa, Frdéysnes answered that the authorities will take
the measures which are necessary in order to accomplish registration.

"T am familiar with the fact that the Trade and Shipping Ministry is evaluating
introducing legal authority for the registration of calls if the shipowners
association does not cooperate regarding this," he said.

Norwegian Shipowners Association Director Rolf Hasselg&ard tells AFTENPOSTEN
that it is not a normal duty for the association to develop lists and informa-
tion systems for calls of ships and the various destinations of ships. How-
ever, the shipowners association is willing to present statistics on how many
ships call on South Africa and how great amounts of oil are transported on
Norwegian ships.

"Tf a legal order comes, we must comply with it. But another side is the
wisdom of this. Next it can lead to important consequences for Norwegian
shipping. Here it is a question of jobs for seamen, a group which has already
been hit by high unemployment. Will the authorities take part in planning a
policy whereby they deprive seamen of more jobs?" shipowners association
Director Rolf Hasselg&rd asks.

The Norwegian Seamen's Federation does not want to comment on the current con-
troversy regarding secret oil cargos to South Africa, the federation's Vice~-
President Edvin Ramsvik says.

Willoch Rejects Oil Boycott
Oslo AFTENPOSTEN in Norwegian 12 Jul 85 p 9

[Article: "Increased Trade Between Norway and South Africa"]

[Text] Prime Minister K&re Willoch tells the NRK Daily News that a unilateral
Norwegian oil boycott of South Africa is not currently being considered.

The government will await developments in South Africa before it takes any new
measures against the regime. Storting Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman
Jakob Aano (Christian People's Party) thinks that the government should

93



JPRS*SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

TRADE FIGURES FOR JANUARY-JULY RELEASED
Pretoria GOVERNMENT GAZETTE in English and Afrikaan 6 Sep 85 pp 56-57
[Text] Notice 551 of 1985 P.5.01

Preliminary Statement of Trade Statistics of the Republic of South Africa Released
by the Commissioner for Customs and Excise

Remark--The import and export figures reflected in this statement have been
adjusted largely to bring them into line with the requirements for the compilation
of the balance of payments.

Period: January-July 1985

Table A. Totals in Millions of Rand According to World Zones and Ships'
and Aircraft Stores

World Zones Imports Exports
1985 1984 1985 1984
Africa 243.4 256.6 932.8 512.8
Europe 6,150.4 5,239.1 4,958.3 3,633.0
America 2,125.0 2,331.2 1,919.6 1,351.8
Asia 1,837.3 2,198.8 2,864.0 1,768.8
Oceania 170.3 150.2 113.4 104.4
Other unclassified goods and
balance of payments
adjustments 2,465.8 1,730.1 8,467.6 6,193.7
Ships'/Aircraft stores — - 28.5 18.9
Grand Total 12,992,2 11,906.0 _19,284.2 13,583.4

72


FACIM: Basis of the Cooperative Relations

Italy's participation in the 21st edition of the Maputo International Fair
[FACIM], which will be held from 23 August until 1 September, will consist

of a booth measuring 360 square meters, which will include exhibits with
information and documentation on Italian industries.and food products, and
also relating to the cooperation between Italy and various countries. A total
of 13 firms in the agro-industrial and other areas will be represented. Some
of the companies attending are Coboco and Strade Coop Mozambico (which are
pbuilding the Corumana and Pequenos Libombos dams), Italcom and Siette (which
will carry out part of the project for the national telecommunications system) ,
Olivetti, Sadelmi, Cogepi, Transystem, Fiat-Iveco and Tecnostone.

Also to be represented are two food product consortiums. It is noteworthy that
Tecnostone is interested in working in our country on the marble project in
Montepuez, in Cabo Delgado Province.

Dr Mario Calandriello disclosed that his country imports lumber and cotton. from
Mozambique, and exports rice, extraction machinery for the mining sector,
materials for the metal working industry, machines for electricity, electrical
generators, chemical and pharmaceutical products, trucks and accessories, fruit
seed, farm machinery and office machinery.

He was of the opinion that the Maputo International Fair is one of the most
important commercial competitive events in all of southern Africa, and that
Italy's participation in FACIM has been marked by a demonstration of Italy's
effort for economic cooperation with Mozambique.

Dr Mario Calandriello aslo claimed that the relations in the economic realm
between Mozambique and Italy are quite positive; adding that the governments
of the two countries have been expressing a desire to intensify and expand the
already extensive ties that exist further still.

Mario Calandriello remarked: "Italy is considered Mozambique's leading economic
partner. Constant progress has guided our relations of friendship and coopera-
tion. The Maputo International Fair is, therefore, the basis for our relations
in the commercial and economic areas in particular to become increasingly close."

2909
CSO: 3442/387

33



JPRS*SSA=854093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

INHAMBANE AIRFIELD REHABILITATION UNDER STUDY
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 7 Aug 85 p 2

[Text] The Minister of Harbors, Railroads and the Merchant
Marine, Alcantara Santos, ordered an evaluation of the
situation regarding the currently inoperative fuel storage
tanks and runway light system at the Inhambane Airport.

During his stay, Alcantara Santos visited various sectors under his Ministry,
specifically the Provincial Headquarters of Transportation and Communications,
the National Railroad School, the Inhambane Port facilities, as well as

the naval shipyard and the Eduardo Mondlane Industrial and Commercial School.

At the Provincial Headquarters of Transportation and Communications, the
Minister of Harbors, Railroads and the Merchant Marine met briefly with
representatives of the various transportation sectors in the province.

At that time, Governor Jose Pascoal Zandamela expressed his concerns, parti-
cularly in regard to railway transportation.

Alcantara Santos also had a brief meeting with members of the Provincial
Government and students from the National Railroad School, a visit which
Governor Jose Pascoal Zandamela termed a rare opportunity. He further ex-
pressed the determination of the province's population to continue the fight
against hunger and the armed bandits. The Imnambane Government gave Minister
Alcantara Santos a summary of the report of activities performed during

the last 10 years by the various sectors of his Ministry and the plans for
the first semester of this year.

During the meeting, the Minister of Harbors, Railways and the Merchant Marine
presented a "Courage and Patriotism" medal, 2nd class, to Miguel Candido

for his accomplishments in the fight to defend the fatherland. Seaman
Miguel Candido participated in the destruction of an armed bandits camp

in Mechanica, Vilanculo District, in which five armed bandits were killed.

He also took part in various operations to hunt the bandits in Massinga.

The Minister Alcantara Santos termed the decoration of this citizen as an
act rooted in the history of the fight of the Mozambican people.

45



The involvement and participation by everyone in the tasks to be carried out,
because all of us are undergoing and experiencing the problems, and because
all of us have a responsibility to solve those problems, is an essential
requisite.

The head of state remarked that the individuals appointed to accomplish the
tasks that have been approved must do so with a sense of responsibility,
acting with thoughtfulness and exercising authority with a great deal of
justice and firmness, and without hesitation; while at the same time severely
penalizing those who are negligent, rumor-mongers and saboteurs, and avoiding
cronyism and cliques. The sectors must be organized and disciplined so that
there will be no abuse of authority, or cases of presumptuousness, corruption
and bribery.

President Samora Machel made a point of stressing that practice will be the best
means of testing the ideas which prompted the creation of the group of measures,
as well as the criterion of truth for selecting the national cadres, which

is revealed at difficult times and in combat, in the constant struggle between.
the old and the new.

"The process of assimilation and rejection must be constant," commented Samora
Machel, so as to achieve the political, technical and professional qualities
of each cadre; knowing how to decide at all times when contradictions that are
ostensibly secondary are becoming antagonistic contradictions. When contra-
dictions are not well resolved, they can become irreducible, unsolvable contra-
dictions.

Samora Machel gave a reminder that the enemy uses tribalism, regionalism and

racism as its favorite weapons for destroying the national unity, a fundamental
instrument for the formation of the Mozambican nation.

2909
CSO: 3442/385

50


Before leaving Inhambane, the Minister of Harbors, Railroads and the Merchant
Marine visited the installations of the provincial capital's airfield.

He ordered an evaluation of the situation of the currently inoperative fuel
storage tanks and runway lighting system.

In this visit to Inhambane, the Minister of Harbors, Railroads and the
Merchant Marine was accompanied by the State Secretary for Railway Transpor-
tation, Lazaro Mathe, and the State Secretary for Technical and Professional
Education, Andre de Carvaiho.

12987
CSO: 3442/383

46


JPRS#SSA=85+093
2 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

REVENUE STATISTICS FOR APRIL-JULY GIVEN
Pretoria GOVERNMENT GAZETTE in English and Afrikaan 6 Sep 85 pp 43-44
[Text] No 2008 6 September 1985

[See chart on following page]

75



The background of the Code, which was adopted in 1977, does not reflect as
much credit on the German firms. As late as the early 1970's, numerous Ger-
man subsidiaries at the Cape--e.g. AEG, BASF, Daimler-Benz, Siemens and VWW-~
paid their black workers wages that were below the official “poverty line."
Not until 1976, when the EC--subsequent to the Soweto riots--considered eco-
nomic sanctions against South Africa did the firms accept the Code as the
lesser evil so as to avert the horror of a boycott.

To be sure, the harsh ways that are still common practice among domestic com-
petitors occasionally break through among the Germans as well. In July,
Siemens fired 1,240 black workers on account of an "illegal strike." Accord-
ing to South African labor law, the harsh measure was justified, but for
Germans such a thing had long been considered taboo.

The concern rehired more than 1,000 of those fired, but on account of 14 "vio-
lent troublemakers" (as Siemens' management put it), the firm is still dicker-
ing with Mawu, the black labor union.

The union leaders have therefore declared themselves to be "in dispute" with
Siemens~-according to South African law, the initial stage of a strike.

Last week, the African National Congress (ANC) liberation movement warned
German firms in South Africa of something far worse. It announced it would
attack those German enterprises that cooperate with the Pretoria government
in matters pertaining to the military and to nuclear technology. "We will

no longer tolerate this dirty business," fumed ANC representative Tony Seedat.

8760
CSO: 3420/88

85



JPRS*SSA*85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

FISHING RESEARCH, WORKER AGREEMENT SIGNED WITH NORWAY
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 8 Aug 85 p 8

[Text] On Tuesday, 6 August, the People's Republic of Mozambique and the King-
dom of Norway signed two agreements: one on financial assistance for the
recruitment of foreign personnel to work in our country, and another for tech-
nical and financial assistance to the fishing research sector. To achieve the
two goals, the Kingdom of Norway placed at the disposal of the People's
Republic of Mozambique a total of 33 million kronor (1,000 contos), to be used
for aid.

The sum made available by that Scandinavian country will be distributed in
two areas, with 24 million kronor used for financial assistance for the recruit-
ment of foreign personnel during the period 1985-1988.

The remaining 9 million kronor will be used to conduct research for the country's
fishing sector. It should be noted that there is an agreement between the two
countries in the fishing area which stipulates, among other things, the taking
of action aimed at training native cadres, as well as technical assistance from
Norway.

At the ceremony for the signing of the two documents, Henny Matos, from our
country's State Secretariat for International Cooperation, said that the finan-
cial aid for the recruitment of foreign technicians would make a major contri-
bution to minimize our difficulties in the realm of qualified cadres.

He recalled the fact that Mozambique is a country which attained its indepen-
dence with a rather high illiteracy rate, which is reflected in the shortage
of cadres in nearly all sectors.

Henny Matos, in discussing the agreement on fishing research, added: "To us,
the agreement on fishing research assumes special importance in two respects:
combating famine and the fact that this is one of the sectors generating
foreign exchange which the country needs so badly for its development."

Representing the Norwegian side, the agreements were signed by the representa-
tive from NORAD (Norwegian Agency for International Development), Artur Sydnes,
who, in his brief remarks, cited the increase in cooperation between the two
countries, especially in the area of the training of cadres.

40


JPRS*SSA+854093
2 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

MUZOREWA MAY ACCEPT JOB IN UNITED STATES
Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL in English 25 Aug 85 p 2

[Text] UANC leader Bishop Abel Muzorewa is understood to be in Maryland
in the United States, where he has been offered a permanent job, but it
is not known whether he has accepted it, says the Minister of State
(Security), Cde Emmerson Munangagwa.

He told newsmen on Friday that members of the Muzorewa family in Zimbabwe
were not in contact with him, but the Government was aware of his where-
abouts,

Two of the bishop's brothers, Dr Gwinya Muzorewa and Cde Ernest Muzorewa
announced at the Press conference the family's intentions to join Zanu
(PF). They are not his sons, as reported in The Herald yesterday. They
said they were representing only those members of the Muzorewa family,
including the bishop's father, who are in the country.

Bishop Muzorewa himself was neither consulted nor informed of this decision,
they said.

"We would like to have the Opportunbty to give our talents to the welfare
of our nation," they said. "The meaning of our liberation in Zimbabwe is
thatwe freed ourselves from the white oppressors in order to maximise
and realise our potential here in our beloved country.

"The Muzorewa family recognises one Zimbabwe, one Government, a common
national objective and a meaningful political solidarity. We believe that

only when we rally under one flag can we be a strong, peaceful and dignified
nation," they said.

CSO: 3400/1117

110


JPRS-SSA-85-093

2 October 1985

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS

ANGOLA

Physical Preparations in Luanda To Receive 'Non-Aligned'
(O JORNAL, 9 Aug 85) soccer ececececcescerserercrersereree

Expansion of Role, Influence in Continental Affairs Seen
(O JORNAL, 9 Aug 85) sceeeceecccceeeceseeeererecncecerere

Fourth Region Military Council President Visits Huambo
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 12 Jul 85) .seeeeeeeceeececenereereree

Briefs
TGFA Junior Specialists Course
Fish Canning Facility Constructed
New Provincial Chiefs
BOTSWANA

More Refugees Told To Leave
(THE GUARDIAN, 2 Aug 85) ..seee-

COMORO ISLANDS

Political Relationships Revealed
(AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL, 17 Jul 85) ceveccceccceeecncceteees

GHANA

Regional Secretary Firings Linked to Tsikata's PNDC Membership
(Poku Adaa; TALKING DRUMS, 26 Aug 85) ...-

Islamic Refresher Course To Foster Unity Between Rival Factions
(GHANAIAN TIMES, 13 Aug 85) ..

Canadian Grant for Grains Production
(Kwaku Nehemia; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 16 Aug 85) weeeee

sNN

10

17

19

20


could be an African social-
ism — a system under
which private property |
would rethain as sanctity
and class struggle would
be regarded as alien.

But jn one editorial of
the official organ of Zanu
(PF), Zimbabwe News,
on the eve of the election,
it was said: “The armed
struggle was not fought
ang won" so that a hand-
ful of men would emulate
the whites in owning
farms and exploiting the
farmworkers.

At a recently held bool
seminar in Harare, the
subject of class struggle
and its inevitability was
given thorough attention
as those who delivered
papers on various topics,
ranging from the role of
pooks and magazines to
Janguages in the class
struggle, grappled with
how Imperialism uses the
median to retard the de-
velopment of a revolution-
ary consciousness.

DELIVERING

Delivering @ paper on
The role of the
Nevolutionnry Demo-
cratic Party in, the
Dissemination of Social-
ist Ideology Through the
Medium of Books and
Magazines, a member of
the Politburo. Cde
Ushewokunze, | took his |

audience through | the|

many subtle ways books
and magazines re used
to entrench and instil in
the minds of many the
class culture and world
outlook of the — bour-
Realsie.

“Books and magazines
carry an ideology mes-
sage, but because we are
brought up_on a diet of
the James: Hadley Chase
and Ian Fleming novels.
the ldcological content
they carry is seen As
“natural,

“The tongh guys of
wing fu and the greed of
ruthless -businessmen be-
come attributes to. be ad-
mired by the reader. This
is the rubble ideology car-
ried in. the books and
magazines we read every-
day,” Cde Ushewokunz«
said,

He said: “The films.
magazines and books.
available to our people
have a_ tradition of
capitalist cultural and
matertal values.

“Buz we have an uphid)
struggle given the wido
range of magazines and
books, carrying the mes-
sage of those who benefit
from the capitalist
system,”

In the ensuing struggle,
the said a conscious de-
‘eiston had to be made

over a change of direc-
tlop, in terms of books
and’ magazines available
to the people.

‘Although it would be at
the risk of ‘being accused
bv the capitalist Presg of
disseminating pro-
paganda, we either
choose to write and rend
Jn support of capitalism
or for the de-
mocratisation of resource
control and distribution,
‘ond thus for socinlism”.

There was no middle
road, he said, “as long as
the working people are
not jn power, books and
magazines must agitate
for social justice”.
| “Once " the “working
people are in power we
‘must continue to agitate
for vigilance against the
attempts to overthrow

the socialist state.”

(STRUGGLE

On books, magazines,
jeulture and —_antt-im-
iperlatism in the class
struggle in Zimbabwe, 9
‘University of Zimbabwe
law lecturer, Cde Kemp-
ton Makanture, said that
Zimbabwe was today “tha
focus and centre of n
class struggle between la-
hour and capital and ba
tween imperialism and
national liberation”.

White Zimbabweans
were a force and a com-
munity whose way of life
was rooted in ‘capitalism
and were thus the leading

force of the cupitalist cul-
ture in the country.

“'The bourgeoisified
Africans moving into tho
suburbs, take and model,
their lves after them.
‘You therefore have the
culture of the braals, of

103

hourgeols sport; like the
transitions from football
culture to golf, a squash,
and tennis and the cul-
ture of exclusive social
clubs.”

Jn idens the bourgeois!-
fied African acquired,
‘ce his European coun-
‘terpart, the culture of
Hantl-communism, mainly
expressed ag anti-Soviet-
ism, and “in economic
terms there is the culture
lof faith in the World
Banke and the economics
of the International Mon-
etary Fund,'’ Cdo
Makamure sald.

He sald among that
class there was a faith
not based upon scientific
understanding but upon

class intuition, — “the,
Western aid Is the rond
!to development”.

But Zimbabwe was not
theirs for the taking, he
sald, because “the
national liberation tradl-
tlon has left the he-
ginnings of antl-im-
perialist culture in the
country". ‘The struggle
‘haa left the people in
general proud of their
istruggle against and vic-
tory over Ion Smith and
the imperialist forces
that supported him.

On the role of jang-
uages in creating a pro-
gressive culture of a tru
ly national character ----
training officer in the
Ministry of Lands
‘Agriculture Rural Resett-
lement, Cde Cain
Mathema, said: “In closs
divided ‘sbeleties, lang-
wages serve the interests
of the ruling classes,
dominated by the
ideology, categories, con-
cepts and idioms’ that
protect the ruling class
i and its interests. |

“At the same time
since a language reflects
each society at ench de-
finite stage, languages in
class divided societies re-
flect the class struggle in
{hose * societies, the an-
tngonistic contradictions
in those societies, the
interests of the exploited
classes and their culture
too.”



JPRS#SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

YOUTHS STUDY PARTICIPATION IN MOSCOW FESTIVAL
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 10 Aug 85 p 8

[Text] The Mozambican delegates to the 12th World Festival of Youth and Students
met all morning yesterday, to make an assessment of their participation in that
forum of youth from all over our planet. Generally speaking the delegates
considered their participation, as well as the festival as a whole, to be a
success, underscoring the fact that our country was worthily represented at

this event.

The meeting, which took place at the Youth Club in Maputo, was attended by all
the delegates, as well as Bonifacio Gruveta, memer of the CC [Central Committee ]
and chief of the ODM [Democratic Mass Organizations] in the CC; Salomao Munguambe,
member of the Standing Commission of the People's Assembly; and Zacarias Kupela,
member of the CC and secretary general of the Mozambican Youth Organization

[OJM].

For nearly 4 hours, without interruption, the Mozambican young people who repre-
sented our country at the Moscow festival described their feelings about this
event, cited the difficulties encountered from the preparation in Maputo to
their actual participation in the Moscow youth forum and also submitted proposals
on how our participation in forthcoming events of this kind should be organized.

One of the points stressed at the meeting was the fact that the youths serving
on the delegation who donated blood before leaving for Moscow had, as a group,
received a certificate of honor which will be kept in the delegation's files.
A total of 16.5 liters of blood were donated by 33 youths and students.

Also underscored was the activity of the National Song and Dance Company which,
as was aptly stated at the meeting, did not go to Moscow as a company, but
rather as members of the Mozambican delegation; because its members, like the
others, had the status of delegates.

Also during the meeting, it was recalled that, during the festival, several
bilateral meetings were held, noteworthy among which were those held with the
Bulgarian youth organization and the GDR's Socialist Working Youth, which led
to the signing of agreements on cooperation and exchanges of donations.

63



Ensuring the disciplined management of urban, highway and river passenger
transportation, with schedules geared to its supervision, as well as the control
of private transportation activities in the city, and an inventory of the
transportation facilities are other tasks assigned to the executive council.

In addition to these tasks, the executive council is required:

To ensure the organization of supplies to the population of the city of Maputo;
To license and supervise the hotel and similar industries;

To license projects, construction or building;

To organize and supervise the city's markets;

To organize the funeral industry and the establishment and management of
cemeteries;

To establish rates and fines for violations of. urban rules and regulations:
To organize the prevention and fighting of fires and disasters;
To enforce the regulations and authorized positions of the executive council.

It is also incumbent on the executive council to prepare and execute the city's
plan and budget, organizing an economic, financial and labor management, aimed
specifically at increasing the executive council's sources of revenue, increas—
ing work productivity and improving social conditions.

In order to carry out the aforementioned tasks, the executive council must be
structured and provided with a small, qualified, administrative apparat, as
was decided at the meeting. As has been noted, its services must be executed
through public enterprises to be organized with the participation of the
ministries and state secretariats.

But until the enterprises for rendering services are created, the currently
existing services or administrations will be retained. However,the latter are
provided with administrative and financial autonomy, so as to maintain the
rendering of services to the population and to act as a starting point for

the creation of enterprises.

Interdependence Is a Requirement

"The problems of the city of Maputo affect the daily lives of each one of us,"
remarked President Samora Machel, in one of his speeches, calling attention to
an important point: the capital's problems are the nation's problems, because
they must be solved as a response to fundamental human needs. Therefore, there
must be interdependence among the sectors so as to solve the problems.

49



(2) For the purpose of this regulation "financial rand" means--

(a) the local sale proceeds of South African assets owned by persons resident
outside the Republic;

(b) funds so designated by the Treasury or a person authorised by the Treasury";
and

(c) amending regulation 22 of the regulations by substituting for the words
"ten thousand" wherever they appear of the words "two hundred and fifty

thousand."

csO: 3400/1153

98


ALUMNI ASKED TO HELP MILITARY ACADEMY

Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 15 Aug 85 p 1

{Article by Kobla Ali Kukubor]

[Text]

CSO:

3400/1014

IE Navy Commander, Cap-
’ tain B. Ohene-Kwapong, has
galled on the alumni of the Gha-
{He Military Academy and Train-
pg School to institute a fund to
the Academy in some

‘ef its requirements.

The economic constraints of
{he country, he said, had “made
t impossible for us to rely solely
gn the Ministry of Defence to
provide all the needs of the Col-
Segoe".

The Navy Commander was
speaking at an Open-Day organt-
ted on: Tuesday in connection
with the Silver Jubilee celebrar
tions of the GMA, Teshie.

“With our help, our alma mater
would be in a better position to
play its role of turning out dis-
piplined and physically fit officers
fmbued with the essential milk
tary characteristics of leadership,
management, sense of discipline
and responsibilities as servants
‘of the state," he said.

He advised the officer cadets,
mong whom were three Burki+
habe, to let discipline, patria
‘tism and selflessness guide them
fv all endeavours. .

Eartier, the Navy Commander
Inspected a guard of horout{
‘prmed by the officer-cadets,
under the command of Captain
©. D. Aglago.

Present at the ceremony were
the Force Commander, Major
General Arnold Quainco, Colonel

; W. M. Mensa-Wood, and Lt Co-
lonet A. Y. K, Disu, Commandant
| and Commading Officer, respec-

{ tively, of the Military Academy.

; _I0 @ steeplechase competition
organized in connection with the
jubilee celebration, officer-cadet
Irvine Aryeety: was adjudged the
best.

23

JPRS#SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

GHANA


JPRS*SSA+85+093

2 October 1985

ISLAMIC REFRESHER COURSE TO FOSTER UNITY BETWEEN RIVAL FACTIONS

Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 13 Aug 85 p 4

[Text]

cso:

(CURRENTLY at the Univer-
“sity of Ghana 140 Ghana
ian Islamic preachers and
imams are undergoing a
month long refresher course
in all aspects of islam.

This is aimed at updating
their knowledge in the activr
ties cornected with the pro-
motion of Islam — based on
sunnah and Shariyah.

A Mecca-based _ Muslim
World League, RABITAH, is
bearing the tost of the
course, jointly organized by
this distinguished — Muslim
institution, the Saudi Embassy
in Ghana and the Council of
Ulamau (Islamic Statesmen)
in Ghana.

The course, also designed
to bring together and foster
unity among Islamic scholars
of the rival factions of Mus-
lim brotherhood in Ghana was
the latest of the series of
mediatory efforts by Islamic
institutions, Embassies,
viduals and groups to settle
the factionary conflicts.

One should shower praises
to this latest initiatives as it
was followed closely by last
week's unanimous agreement
after series of consultations
by the conflict ridden muslim
communities to bury their
(Cifferences, withdrew all
cases pending at the courts
and establish a common front
in the interest of Islam and
the nation.

This is symbolio of tetam,

3400/1013

laudable and a greatest sin-
gle achievement of Ghanaian
Muslims if the accord is
quickly worked out for the
establishment of a jury to
settle petty squabbles, to pre-
scribe punishment for future
beligerents and litigants and
the provisions of peace and
unity adhered to,

It is worth noting that at
the opening of the course, Dr
Mohamed Ben Abdatlah Secre-
tary for Culture and Tourism,
and Professor Abdallah Botch-
wey, President of the African
Institute for the Study of hu-
man values dwelt on the ne-
cessities of unity in their
speeches,

AMBASSADOR

At the same time, the Sa.
di Arabia Ambassador to
Ghana, Mr. Aawar A. Abdrab-
bun pledged his country’s in-
creased co-operation with
Muslims in Ghana if they
unite to work for the advance-
ment of Islam and socio-poli-
tical-economic development
of Ghana.

The Director of Culture and
Education of Rabitah, Or
Hassan Bar Rafdallah was
also of the view that Muslims
can only achieve benefits of
Islam by creating a United
and peaceful atmosphere.

Rabitah, a celebrated inter-
national non-governmental
and non-profit making organt-
zation was estabtished oy

19

Mustim leaders, scholars and
philosophers in 1962 with the
headquarters in Mecca.

It is among the most eleva-
ted non-governmental at tha
UN and holds full membership
of UNESCO and UNICEF. It
is also an accredited member
of the. organization of isla-
mic conference between Mus-
lims. It undertakes training
ef preachers and Imams at
different places and times at
various levels. The first of
such kind of training in Africa
took place in Nauochout,
Mauritania in 1977 for 60 par-
ticipants and so the current
one in Accra is the second.

By 1981 there were 56
founding member committees
representing Muslim countries

ay countries with Muslim

Thera is an average three

i vifices on each of
the five continents and those
In Africa are in Mauritania,
Congo, Gabon and Somaiia.

Rabitah organizes ccnfe-
rences for muslims occasional-
ly at the various parts of the
wortd beside the annua!’ one
held in Mecca.

The League is also respon-
sible for the translation of
Holy Quran into various lan-
guages, og. Hausa and Yu-
roba. lt does the printing.
and distribution of the Holy
Book and other numerous
Islamic fiterature alt over the

GHANA



JPRS+SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

PARTY CONTINUES DEBATE IN ITS DEFENCE OF MARXISM-LENINISM
Harare THE HERALD in English 3 Sep 85 p 4

[Article by Charles Chikerema]

[Text]
SINCE - the Second “No worker, therefore. .
National Congress of — should support or vote fete heninists fron tte
Zanu (PF), — which for a party that supports relegation —intee “git
adopted among other this evil system of free he

resolutions, Marxist;
Leninism as the party's:
official ideology, ‘a iow;
key but potentially de-'
cisive debate has heen
going on with clear-cut
positions belng taken on
scientific socialism.

Many of those opposed
to it have berated it as a
forelgn ideology unsuited
for Africa, During the.
election campaign all the|
minority partics opposed
sociniism and made that
opposition one of the
main themes of their
election manifestos.

During the same period,
Zanu (PF) joined the
debate in. defence of
scientific soclalism.

In a series of pamph.
lets edited by the secreta-
rlat of the commissartat
and culture the party
outlined its positions on
the various issues under
debate,

In: The Workers’ Guide,
people were _remindod:
“The rich people or the
capitalists suppress all
demands of the workers
for good wages and food,
living conditions. ‘They
want all workers’ de-|
mands banned and the;
leaders of workers dis-
missed from thelr jobs ov
imprisoned,

enterprise and capital-
dsm.”

WARNING

In A Patriot's Scien-
tific Guide, a warning
was sounded against neo-
coloniulism; “It ts 4
historical stage after
colonialism in which in-
dependence is achieved
from colonialists, but the
ruling class In the newly
independent state re-
mains committed to
foreign domination
through more open and

cgreater involvement’ of

foreign capital in the
econoiny.

“But neo-colonialism.
chains the masses to
super exploitation, . so
that, the super-profits of
forelgn capitalists can be
repatriated; so that im-
perialists’ foreign experts

can be pampered; so that.

the local ruling elass
made " of the ¢om-
prador bourgeoisie, can
he comfortably kept by
the public,"

In A _Marxist-Leninist’s
Guide, Dr Joshua Niomo
and: Zapu are taken to
task: “His, (Nkomo’s)
snti-progressive — position
is exposed by the prac-
tical elimination of Marx-

102

political wilderness,

“ Matahele national
jon must not cloud
the issue and - prevent
Marxists-Leninists from
imposlig’ a severe cinse
, Judgment on him and his
party.”

In Zanu (PF)'s election

| manifesto, the first sec-
i vetary and president of
the party, Cde Mugabe,
sald: “At its Second Con-
| gress the party resolved
| to bring about socialism
on the basis of A acien-
tific analysis of our
situation.” ‘

Antroducing the hand-
book Zimbabwe At Five

Years of Independence,
the secretary for com-
missariat and Culture,
Cde Herbert Ushewo-
Kunze, said: “Zahu (PF)'s
socialist goals derive from
the recognition by some
groups in the patty that
our struggle was mainly
against the economic
‘organisation that went
with racism,”

What makes many
“socialists” recoil from
the scientific aspect of
the ideology is the issue
of class struggle which
many believe jg in-
consistent with African
traditions.

‘This conclusion has led
to the belief that there



With regard to the Infulene area, most of the arable land has too much water,
and this impedes or renders more difficult the overall use of the rich soil of
that valley. “According to the COOPTECNITAL director, it will be necessary to
provide for a certain amount of drainage in this area. If this were done, we
would have a definite solution to the problem of flooding in that locality.

In the Matola area we have a different problem. Here there is a lack of
water. The well water is salty, and this precludes its use in the irrigation
of the cultivated fields. To use the land in this area, it is essential to
install desalinization equipment. "To achieve this objective, we shall use
simple equipment, taking advantage of solar energy," the director said.

Studying the Terrain ;

The first step in carrying out this project is a visit to Maputo of a team
made up of agronomists, mechanics and experts in animal husbandry who will
conduct studies in the green zones to determine how best to carry out the
program, particularly with reference to preparations for utilizing the
Infulene and Matola areas.

Growth of the Green Zones

During his recent visit to Maputo, the COOPTECNITAL director inspected various
production centers in the capital's green zones, particularly the cooperatives
and private productive sectors.

In statements made to NOTICIAS the director said that he noticed considerable
growth in general but especially in the cooperative sector.

In this régard, he stressed the important role played by the cooperants in
supplying the people with essential commodities and, particularly, in
improving the standard of living of the cooperants themselves.

"For example, I noticed that some of the cooperants already have day nurseries
for their children and that meals are assured among themselves. This
arrangement contributes toward their standard of living. In COOPTECNITAL's
opinion, this growth is important in that it constitutes a basis for carrying
out the new project," the director said.

8568
CSO: 3442/392

31



Ducks and Rabbits

The work on the construction of coops and rabbit hutches is well under way,
so that the enterprise may start raising ducks and rabbits which, like the
hogs, will allow for a diversified diet for the Madal workers.

According to the head of the enterprise's livestock sector, this activity is
being carried out concurrently with the recovery of cattle which, as a result
of the lack of veterinary assistance, fencing, indiscriminate slaughter,
thefts and the activity of the armed bandits, has had its total stocks in
the province reduced considerably.

2909
CSO: 3442/385

55



JPRS*SSA#85+093
2 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

GOVERNMENT URGED TO PREPARE FOR EFFECTS OF SANCTIONS

MB290748 (Clandestine) Radio Truth in English to Zimbabwe 0430 GMT 29 Aug 85
1

[Station commentary ]

[Text] We have noted that our government is engaged in crisis planning to

try and offset the backwash if mandatory economic sanctions are imposed on
South Africa. As we have warned, if Pretoria chooses to retaliate in full
measure, life in Zimbabwe will be far worse than anything experienced when
sanctions were applied to Rhodesia. At that time, we had the cushion provided
by South African support, but there is nothing and nobody to absorb the shock-
waves this time.

There are frequent shortages of essential items in our shops right now. Just
imagine how much worse the situation will be if-our primary economic lifelines
are cut,

When the borders with Zambia were closed, the economy of that country went
downhill at an alarming rate and has never recovered.

Our situation would be a hundred times more serious. The rail lines and
harbor facilities in Mozambique are no complete substitute. Even if they were
ali in full working order, they would be hard-pressed to handle 50 percent of
our import and export traffic. It has been difficult enough to keep the Beira
line open. If we try to do the same under current conditions with the Maputo
link, our resources would be stretched beyond endurance.

To secure the best possible from a bad situation, our government should be
working flat-out to bring the warring parties in Mozambique together. At
jeast if there was peace in that land, the sanctions issue in South Africa
would be slightly less threatening and a little jess damaging. In this politi-
cal climate moreover, it is stupid for Zimbabweans to alienate the United
States. We need their aid and investment at this very moment, and in the
circumstances just outlined, we would have an even greater need for their
goodwill and support. We refer to the demonstration in front of the American
Embassy in Harare when a ZANU-PF (?rented) crowd of some 500 people staged

a rude and ili-mannered display against the Reagan administration. Chanting
anti-U.S. slogans, the demonstrators demanded an immediate end to the policy
of constructive engagement and support for contras in Nicaragua. There were
shouts /of "down with criminal Reagan." This sort of behavior, apart from
being a gratuitous insuit, could do untoid harm to Zimbabwe's interests.

As with so many of our internal disturbances, it is time that the government
clamped down on its unruly supporters.

cso: 3400/1056 109


Table B. Totals in Million Rand According to Sections of the CCCN

Sections

Imports

Exports

1985

1984

1985

1984

I.

Il.

Tit.

IV.

Vv.

VI.

VII.

VIII.

IX.

XI.
XII.

Live animals; animal products 68.3
Vegetable products 369.2
Animal and vegetable fats and

oils and their cleavage

products; prepared edible

fats; animal and vegetable

waxes 182.0
Prepared foodstuffs; beverages

spirits, and vinegar;

tobacco 258.8
Mineral products 269.2
Products of the chemical

and allied industries 1,252.4
Artificial resins and plastic
materials, cellulose esters
and ethers, and articles
thereof; rubber, synthetic
rubber, factice, and
articles thereof 459.2
Raw hides and skins, furskins
and articles thereof;
saddlery and harness; travel
goods, handbags and the like;
articles of gut (other than
silk-worm gut) 35.9
Wood and articles of wood; wood
charcoal; cork and articles of
cork; manufactures of straw; of
esparto and other plaiting
materials; basketware and
wickerwork 64.0
Paper-making material; paper
and paperboard and articles
thereof 350.4
Textiles and textile articles 501.8
Footwear, headgear, umbrellas,
sunshades, whips, riding-crops
and parts thereof; prepared
feathers and articles made
therewith; artificial flowers;
articles of human hair; fans 57.2

73

53.2
622.7

112.1

217.0
189.8

936.3

440.3

46.6

75.8

339.8
589.6

75.4

173.8
395.1

35.6

346.3
2,703.0

501.1

76.2

142.8

47.4

276.3
519.0

5.7

136.7
350.6

19.8

268.8
1,524.6

410.3

54.7

97.3

197.8
395.8


JPRS+SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

GHANA

BRIEFS

WENCHI RESETTLING REFUGEES--The Wenchi Traditional Council in Brong-Ahafo

has released 20 hectares to 200 refugees mainly Niger nationals for farming.

In addition, the council will provide the refugees with farming implements and
seedlings. Nana Abrefa More Bediatuo VI, Paramount chief of Wenchi, disclosed
this at a meeting of the council at Wenchi on Wednesday. He appealed to his
people to treat the refugees as their brothers and sisters advised the refugees
on the other hand to be law-abiding.--GNA. [Text] [Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in
English 23 Aug 85 p 8]

RAWLING'S PORTRAIT--The chairman of the PNDC has directed that all public
officers who have displayed framed official portraits of him in offices should
replace them with the Coat of Arms and the National Flag of the Republic of
Chana. An official statement issued in Accra last night said, care must be
taken, however, to ensure that this exercise does not impose any unnecessary
financial expenditures. Heads of government departments are to supervise

the positioning of the Coat of Arms and the National Flag which should be at

a carefully selected point. Portraits removed should be returned to the Ministry
of Information either through the district secretaries' offices or the Regional
Administrations whichever is more convenient. Offices in Ghana's Missions abroad
may, however, retain them, the statement said. [Text] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY
GRAPHIC in English 23 Aug 85 p 1]

FOREIGN SERVICE PURGE-~Ripples from the CIA affair in Ghana are being felt
strongly in the foreign service where a number of home and foreign based
officers are quietly and systematically being purged. According to our reliable
sources, the following officers have been affected by the purge. They are

Mr Vishnu Wassiamal, former ambassador to Brazil and until recently director

of state procotol, Mr L. 0. Antwi, principal secretary, Mr Akuffo, head of
Chancery at the Ghana mission in Moscow, Mr K. 0. Beecham, principal assistant
secretary, Mr J. E. Dei, Senior Assistant Secretary, Mr Adarkwa Dadzie, based in
Rome, Mr Akrofi, Assistant Secretary, Mr Korsah-Dick, principal secretary,

all based in Accra. Others are Messrs Bedevo, clerical officer, Amartsen,
senior executive officer and Miss Alice Acquah also a senior executive officer
in Accra. The rest are Miss Darkwa and Mr Bediako, an accounts officer and
senior private secretary based in Moscow. [Text] [London TALKING DRUMS

in English 19 Aug 85 p 24]

25



The captain of a Norwegian tanker was fined once earlier for having concealed
the ship's identity when it unloaded oil in South Africa. This occurred in
1980 when an Oslo-registered tanker painted over the ship's and the shipping
company's names. and the home port before it called on South African ports.
he ship's captain was given the option of a fine of 3000 kroner in lieu of
prison, and the fine was accepted, Shipping Inspector Ole Leithe in Oslo
reports.

LO [Norwegian Federation of Trade Unions] Demanding Halt to All Trade with
South Africa

The Norwegian Federation of Trade Unions has prepared a list of 12 specific
measures against South Africa. The purpose is to halt all Norwegian trade
with the apartheid government. 10 together with the Norwegian Chemical
Industry Labor Federation, Norsk Hydro, Elkem and the Ardal og Sunndal Verk
{&rdal and Sunndal Plant] are requesting a stop to the use of electrolytic
manganese from South Africa in aluminum production. ‘The infos Iron Works
and Elkem are being requested to look for other suppliers than South Africa
for manganese ore for the ferromanganese industry here at home.

In'a letter to the government LO writes that harsher pressure measures must be
carried out against the apartheid government in South Africa. LO. has drawn
up a list of 12 measures which it believes should be enacted:

“the importing of fruit and vegetables from South Africa must be banned
effective immediately."

“the public registration of trade with South Africa must be introduced
immediately."

"A changeover fund must be established for replacing trade with South Africa.
The fund must be used for payment for and proposals for replacement, product
for product; for finding new markets and suppliers; and for supporting direct
losses in the replacement process."

"Investments in South Africa must be banned."

"The government must defray the withdrawal of investments which have been
made,"

"A ban against exportation of oil to South Africa."

"The government, together with the other EFTA countries, ought to inquire
regarding support of the EC code for companies working in South Africa, and
the code should be strengthened."

"The government must, together with the Scandinavian countries, take the

initiative in the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank to terminate
loans and credit for South Africa,"

OL



JPRS4SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

ANGOLA

FOURTH REGION MILITARY COUNCIL PRESIDENT VISITS HUAMBO.
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 12 Jul 85 p3

[Text] Huambo--Lt Col Joao Ernesto dos Santos (Liberdade), president of
the military council of the fourth region, has recently been involved in
an intense effort to aid and control various municipalities and military
units located in the jurisdictional area of the military council.

In this connection, Lt Col Joao Ernesto dos Santos went to the municipalities
of Bailundo and Londuimbali last Wednesday where, after meeting several
hours with leaders of party and government organizations, he leisurely
visited some of the military units stationed in that area and tried to con-
vince them of the need to increase their combative action to counteract.

the puppet gangs.

Moreover, to complete his scheduled Program in connection with the Military
Council of the Fourth Region, Ernesto dos Santos, day before yesterday,
visited the municipalities of Tchinjenje and Ukuma, the third company of
the third battalion and the 40th brigade assigned to those localities.

During his visit, Lieutenant Colonel Liberdade first met with members of

the local party and government, devoting a large part of his remarks to

the need to increase the political and ideological effort among the people

and to raise the production levels in the cooperatives and peasant associa-
tions to achieve greater success in the next marketing phases in those sectors.

In like manner, the president of the Military Council of the Fourth Region
conversed with the local authorities about events of primary interest
scheduled to take place in the country this year, particularly the Second
Party Congress and the celebration of Angola's 10th anniversary.

Meanwhile, speaking to the combatants of the FAPLA [People's Armed Forces
for the Liberation of Angola], the top official of Huambo Province called
attention among other things, to the importance of defending the country
against attacks perpetrated by imperialism having racist South Africa as
its stooge in this southern area of the continent.

8568
CSO: 3442/379


Sections

Imports

Exports

1985

1984

1985

1984

XIV. Pearls, precious and semi-
precious stones, precious
metals, rolled precious
metals, and articles
thereof; imitation
jewelry; coin 82.0
XV. Base metals and articles of
base metal 676.9
XVI. Machinery and mechanical
appliances; electrical
equipment; parts thereof 3,660.2
XVII. Vehicles, aircraft, and
parts thereof; vessels
and certain associated
transport equipment 1,413.1
XVIII. Optical, photographic,
cinematographic,
measuring, checking,
precision, medical
and surgical instru-
ments and apparatus;
clocks and watches;
musical instruments,
television image and
sound recorders and
reproducers; parts
thereof 509.9
XX. Miscellaneous manu-
factured articles 97.4
XXI. Works of art, collectors’
pieces, and antiques 20.5

Other unclassified good
and balance of payment
adjustments 2,530.3

94.2

578.2

3,493.6

1,442.1

536.5
108.9

27.8

1,774.3

1,566.7

2,189.0

266.8

133.3

44.3
19.1

11.8

9,790.6

19,284.2

1,433.7

1,290.5

147.5

98.4

18.1
8.8

4.8

7,064.8

13,583.4

Grand Total 12,992.2

11, 906.0

CsO: 3400/1153

74


Nevertheless, even now most of the German subsidiaries in the acclaimed El
Dorado of free enterprise have every reason to complain: the good deals of
the 1970's and early 1980's are a thing of the past. "At that time, you
stuck a broomstick into the ground and it grew," recalls Achim Stracke, man-
aging director of the Johannesburg German-South African Chamber of Commerce.
Presently "there are no longer any attractive economic reasons justifying
involvement ."

The uprising in the black workers’ shantytowns has further aggravated the
economic situation at the Cape--the consumers feel insecure and are holding
back. In the first 6 months, licenses issued for new automobiles decreased
by over 20 percent.

As yet, the Germans assume an air of calmness. In July, a BMW executive at
the Munich head office took comfort from the observation that the unrest in
Cape Province was a long distance from his Rosslyn plant near Pretoria.
"That's like the hailstorm in Munich: just a few kilometers off, people
didn't even notice it."

V's Uitenhage plant (near Port Elizabeth), on the other hand, is quite a bit
closer: in July, the workers went on strike here~~ostensibly the dispute
revolved around the problem of pension reserves. But the Wolfsburg head
office was so sensitive as to note an "antiwork attitude rooted in the gen-
eral situation."

To what extent the present political situation has rattled the German execu-
tives in charge of operations in South Africa is indicated by their reluc—
tance to say anything at all. Eberhard von Koerber, head of BMW's sales
department and one-time head of its South African subsidiary, tersely stated:
"In this situation, no comment." At Siemens, the electrical concern that
with a labor force of 6,000 is South Africa's biggest German employer next to
WW, "our experts on South Africa are unavailable."

Daimler-Benz boss Werner Breitschwerdt--whose South African affiliate, UCDD,
assembles Mercedes sedans-~dared say openly what his colleagues in the indus-
trialist camp have only been suggesting to the Federal Government through
lobby channels: "We are absolutely convinced that a boycott would be a
totally unsuitable way of improving the conditions of the black population."

Nevertheless, the German industrialists act-~for the time being, at any rate-~
as though an investment embargo has already been imposed. They have totally
stopped investments in South Africa~-not because they want to exert political
pressure, but because they are unsure about the country's future development.
"At present, they are exercising extreme caution," the experts at Bonn's
Ministry of Economics point out.

A mood of fundamental change prevails in the "pioneer's country"--but it is
quite different from what the propagandists for South Africa had imagined.
According to official statistics, the number of South Africans who left the
country in the first 4 months of this year increased by 14 percent, while

the number of immigrants declined by 25 percent. HANDELSBLATT reports that

80


for the State to be stronger in commerce than the black market," admitting
that the shortages favor the existence of a parallel market.

According to what he said, the trade balance, which had shown a deficit

in 1982, showed a surplus of 60 million dollars in 1984, due mainly to the
decrease of imports and the austerity measures which followed what he termed
the "waste due to the manna of oil." The oil revenues in Angola will be
higher this year and could reach 2 billion dollars, in spite of the decrease
in the price of crude.

Among the measures contemplated to remedy the economic crisis and the food
shortage, which has now become chronic particularly in the cities, the
Minister mentioned the reestablishment of private commerce, along with State
commerce.

He added that it was also necessary to have greater control of the marketing
of products and price reform, as well as restoring the means of transportation.
He specified that there are a hundred bridges destroyed by war which have

to be repaired.

On the technical plane he called for better management of the fiscal re-
sources, decentralization of the development efforts and better training
for cadres.

Mentioning the economy in foreign exchange, the Minister declared that since
1983, the civilian advisors, which he estimated at 4000 are only paid in
kwanzas, the national ‘currency. The same is true with the 200 Soviet civil-
jans, he added. According to western sources, there are almost 30,000 Cuban
military and civilians in Angola.

For the Luandans their presence is linked to the war. But the day-to-day
battle, in the capital as well as in the rest of the country, is economic:
"to free themselves" to eat, to dress, to live. That will be the main sub-
ject of the next Congress of the country.

12987
CSO: 3442/388


Now is the time, countrymen, to crush all that myth. As the president, Comrade
Oliver Tambo, called on us, it is our task--ali of ours, patriots of our land--
to crush that false sense of security. It is our task to bring sense into

the minds of the hidebound white supremacists of this country, to make them
realize that they cannot continue supporting and abetting and applauding

a regime that can only succeed in nothing else but to lead them into a cat-
astrophe.

The supreme task, countrymen, as the president said, lies not only on our
shoulders—-the oppressed black people, who continue to perform heroic feats
in the dusty streets of our townships--but it is equally the task of all our
white democrats who are genuinely committed to the realization of the future
democratic and nonraciai South Africa. Together we must now devise new
ways of carrying the battlefield right into the enemy's rear base, the white

areas of this country.

CsO: 3400/1056

108


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3400/1153

cso


This in Zimbabwe,
slogans = like “mwana
wevhu", “zhi? “pamberi
nesoclalism’” and “phasij
Jabathengisi" never’
existed until about 25;
years ago and until the,
height of the last armed
atrniggle against colonial-
ism.

“They became part and

arcel of our anti-colonial-:
at struggle. They holped
mobilise our people in the
fight against British
ecolonialism.'’’ Cde
Mathema said.

He - sald languages
could be regarded as a
materia] force, because
they were used to exploit
people, to kill them and
to build a new social
system, ‘

“If a innguage falls to
move people, if a lang-
nage docs not mobilise
people, if it Is divorced
from the real people,
thelr — aspirations = and
interest, then it must dic:
because it jg no longer an{
instrument to be used by
the people In a world that
Imows nothing but  con-
stant change,” he said.

On "The background to
the publishing and dis-
tribution of progressive
and socialist Iterature in

csO: 3400/1117

Zimbabwe", the deputy
managing director of.
Grassroots Books, Cde
Reginald Mhlanga, sald
that during the 90 years
of colonial rule, “reac-
tlonary and racist ideas,
the colonialist, version of:
the history of the African,
peoples, tribalist and aup-
encouraged at every

‘erstitions notions were

turn,

‘DESIGNS

“The myth of com-
munist designs of com-
munist conspiracies to
take over and control
Zimbabwe, was invented
and used as an ideological
weapon aginst all de-
mocratic and  freedom-
loving forces,” he said.

But the —_ oppressed
masses led by the ‘lb-
eration movements had!
rejected the  calontalis'
diatribes and counter-at-
tacked repeatedly ‘by
creating the means to
spread the «truth about
the plunder of Zimbabwe
by imperialism ang about
the just and necessary
armed struggle.

He said the first stage
of Zimbabwe's struggle

104

to achieve socialism was
accomplished with — the
victory over colontalism
and entrenched racism.

Colonialist propaganda
had promoted the capital-
ist world outlook, with its
rampant individualism,
lhourgeois values of profit
\hefore everything, hys-
jterical anti - commu-
nism, religious —hypoc-
cisy and cliss bigotry
that had made Zimbabwe
one of the chief tools of
international imperialism
as a direct result of
capitalism.

“Phe prevalent capital-
ist, colonialist mentality,
can be fought and ground
made at this stage only
by .the widest dis-
semlifation of socialist
and revolutionary’ de-
mocratic ideaa.

“Tho absence of this
will create a dangerous
situation whereby im-
perlalist. and neo-colonial-
ist. forces will have a
freer hand to assert
themselves and place
zimbabwe firmly on the
path of capitalist de-
velopment,” Cde Mhianga
said



JPRS*SSA=85+093
2 October 1985

Complete Openness

At the Seamens’ Mission's main office in Bergen and at the seaman's church

in Durban it is reported that calls of Norwegian ships occur with complete
openness and that seaman's churches have no problem in procuring information
from port authorities. Neither the Trade Ministry nor the shipowners associa~
tion has been in contact with Seth, who is now in Hong Kong. He is expected
in Norway in a week and a half.

Shipowners association Director Rolf Hasselg&rd stresses to AFTENPOSTEN that
Norwegian ships are not concealing their identities in calls on South Africa.
That the port authorities in South Africa use codes when ships call is ex-
clusively an internal matter and has nothing to do with concealing of identity.

The Norwegian Seamen's Federation has received different reports regarding
secretiveness in calls on South Africa. In light of communications from mem-
bers, the federation last fall sent a letter to the Trade Ministry in which
it reads, among other things, that oil traffic to South Africa is taking place
in secret, and that seamen are receiving strong requests to remain silent.

The Norwegian Seamen's Federation looks with strong aversion at the fact that
members are being exposed to such treatment and that they are being forced to
carry out an activity which large sections of the international community re-
gard as illegitimate. ‘he seamen's federation has not received an answer to
the letter to the ministry.

Investigation

As AFTENPOSTEN understands it, the Trade Ministry will begin a full investiga-
tion of the assertions that Norwegian ships are painting over their names in
order to conceal their identities in South African ports. At the same time
there is reason to believe that steps will also be taken to carry out the
registration of Norwegian ships which call on South Africa. ‘Trade Ministry
Undersecretary Arne Synnes stated to AFTENPOSTEN's radio news yesterday
evening that the Trade Ministry is working on a bill which is to be presented
to the Storting, which can give legal authority for the registration of
Norwegian ships which call on South African ports. “We did not have time to
do it before the summer vacation and also were not able in the meantime to
bring about a voluntary arrangement with the shipowners association regarding
this," Synnes said.

Stepped Up Inspection Urged
Oslo AFTENPOSTEN in Norwegian 11 Jul 85 p 4

[Article by Roar @stg&rdsgjelten: "Calls of Ships on South Africa to Be
Investigated"]

{Text] The Trade and Shipping Ministry has asked the Shipping Directorate
to investigate the claims that a tanker which belongs to the Oslo

89



With regard to the execution of the province's economic plan and program
during the first half of this year, the Provincial Assembly noted that the
indexes achieved in most of the indicators fall short of those for the same
period last year, "but they represent the effort and. self-sacrifice of the
cadres and workers in the various sectors of the province's economic and
social activity."

Governor Feliciano Gundana commented: "Nampula Province has an experience
marked by high production indexes in all areas. Hence we feel that we have
the ability to produce, market and remove all the products. We must resume
that experience, aware that the leading factor is the individual, and that
it is incumbent on the party to do the hard work of mobilizing for the conse-
cutive victories."

Vanguard Districts Rewarded

During one of the phases of the work at this meeting, Governor Feliciano Gundana
presented awards to the districts which most distinguished themselves in the
execution of the cashew nut marketing campaign during the 1984-85 harvest.

For example, the districts of Moma, Angoche, Nampula, city of Nacala, Monapo,
Ribaue, Ilha de Mocambique, Mogovolas and Meconta received. awards, as did
the warehouse operators Cassimo Selmamade, Momed Unis, Issufo Nurmamade and
Macuana.

As the top ranking among those given awards, the district of Moma received a
Land Rover vehicle, a bicycle, a wall clock and a certificate of good partici-
pation. More bicycles and certificates of honor were presented to the other
award winners.

2909
CSO: 3442/387

57



JPRS+SSA*85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

INTERRUPTED HOG RAISING PROJECT IN MADAL RESUMED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 9 Aug 85 p 2

[Text] The Agricultural Association of Madal, in Zambezia Province, recently
resumed the project to develop hog-raising, which was interrupted because of
difficulties in obtaining feed for the animals' nutrition. Concurrently, this
enterprise is also planning to introduce the breeding of ducks and rabbits.
According to Rogerio Henriques, head of the livestock sector, the projects are
aimed essentially at meat production, not only to supply the enterprise's
workers, but also to supply the population of the city of Quelimane.

The development of hog-raising, which is being intensified in both state and
private enterprises, as well as among small-scale breeders in the family sector,
is one of the viable alternatives for producing meat, while conditions are
being created to rehabilitate the raising of cattle.

In an interview that he granted to our correspondent in Zambezia, Rogerio
Henriques declared: "The project for hog raising in Madal arose as the only
option for mitigating the situation of a meat shortage currently affecting
the population in general and the enterprise's workers in particular."

The Agricultural Association of Madal has been raising hogs for a long time,
according to our source, but not in the same manner in which this activity

is being viewed currently; because whereas it was done without coordination

in the past, it is now producing with a definite goal: to supply the population
and the workers at the enterprise.

According to Rogerio Henriques, the resumption of hog production occurred at
the beginning of this year, with about eight animals of the "laudina rustica"
variety on the Chifungo-Mota plantations in Quelimane. However, owing to this
species' meager reproductive ability, it was impossible to continue with the
project with these animals alone.

In Maputo, the Madal enterprise managed to acquire a different type of animal
which, when bred with the former, produced satisfactory results. "With the
introduction of the animals from Maputo, we observed a significant increase
in stock, which encouraged us to give an incentive to production in other
production units belonging to the enterprise, namely, the M'tulune and the
Nhangulue."

53



Pretoria clings to the hope that money can buy almost anything. The strategy
in Mozambique is to offer substantial investments, subject to specific condi-
tions, which will in due course become economically indispensable to the
Mozambicans. The same formula is being applied to the Comoros, with promises
of ample investment for hotels and the infrastructure for a tourist industry.
Not that the islands have much in the way of palm-fringed, white beaches that
induce visitors to travel great distances to places like the Seychelles. There
are no man-made attractions like picturesque villages or colourful carnivals,
though the islands do offer superb sea fishing and diving. But South African
tourists are desperate to get abroad. Europe is far away and few of the
destinations closer to home will admit South African passport-holders.
(Mauritius, which does accept South Africans, gets as many as the limited air
links can carry.)

The rising tempo of South African activity in and around the Comoros has alarmed
France. Despite the political complications of Mayotte (AC Vol No 9), Paris now
regards the Comoros as part and parcel of the "Grand Plan" for the Indian Ocean.
The prize is Madagascar (AC Vol 25 No 13). France badly wants to reassert itself
there particularly in the new climate brought about by a rapid dismantling of
dogmatic government policies and re-alignment closer to the West (AC Vol 26

No 13).

In 1980 strategic planners in Moscow had acquired several transparently firm
footholds in the region: Mozambique, Madagascar and Angola. In the belief
there was scope for gains in Zimbabwe and Namibia, Moscow undoubtedly felt
gratified. But it was of course short-lived. The Soviet presence is now
insecure certainly in Madagascar and Mozambique-~a pressing reason for hanging
on to the surveillance station on Bazaruto island, whose air space is a pro-
hibited zone--and marked as such on local air navigation charts. The British-
based multinational company, Lonrho, has now agreed with the Mozambican Govern-
ment to develop tourist facilities on the neighbouring island of Santa Carolina,
which sports a good view of the communications equipment on Bazaruto.

The Americans, ever keen to take advantage of their Moscow counterparts’
discomfort, now regularly send emmisaries to Moroni, usually in the form of
Robert Keating or U.S. navy vessels. Like the French, the United States
regards Madagascar as the main piece on the local chess-board. Abdallah
was recently persuaded to make his first visit to Madagascar; on the journey
back to Moroni, in an aircraft arranged by the Americans, he was accompanied
by Keating. Now the Americans have an embassy in the Comoros--housed in one
of the mercenaries’ villas.

FOOTNOTES

1. Denard, who spends much of his time living near Johannesburg, is the South
Africans main contact among the mercenaries. He changed his name to (Col.) Said

Mustapha Moidjou in his effort to renounce Christianity and "take the turban."

2. At present South African flights to Europe are forced to take the long westerly
route over the Atlantic, a detour that adds time and expense. Only South
African Airways (SAA) Special Performance Boeing 747s can complete the flight
non-stop. Most SAA aircraft refuel at Cape Verde. Another problem is the

15



Speaking in the closing session, Governor Manuel Antonio said that the de-
cisions now taken with regard to the fight against the armed bandits must
begin immediately, with each member of the Provincial Committee and leaders
of the State apparatus setting an example in the fight to eradicate the
armed bandits and directing these battles.

In another part of his speech, the Governor of Manica said that support.

must be given to the citizens who are victims of the bandits' criminal actions,
by rebuilding their houses and by distributing, within the available means,
clothing, foodstuffs, production tools and other essential goods.

Manuel Antonio voiced the need for creating, in Manica province, a center

of academic and technical-professional training for disabled veterans so
that they may contribute to the national reconstruction.

12987
CSO: = 3442/383

44


The Complex Problems

A source closely associated with the meeting told us that the reports given
prove to us that our capital's problems are complex. This point was. repeatedly
cited by the head of state, who called attention to the society's diversified
composition in the city of Maputo, where people from all parts of the country
with their own ethnic, linguistic and racial features are living.

According to the party, the solution to the problems requires improvements in
the leadership and work style and methods, a change in attitudes, and control,
the assumption of responsibility and training on the part of the City Assembly
and its executive council, as well as making its structures suitable.

Objectively speaking, this entails the restructuring of the executive council
so that it may address the needs posed by a city with nearly a million inha-
bitants.

Whereas, on the one hand,the solution to the problems of the nation's capital
demands new investments, development programs and suitable economic manage-
ment and overseeing of the urban services, on the other, it is essential to
pay particular heed to the activities involved in rendering services to the
population, with priority given to cleaning,sanitary conditions, the funeral
industry and the management of parks and gardens.

However, the solution to the problems of the city of Maputo requires greater and
more active, organized participation by its inhabitants. The measures approved
cannot have a mechanical or bureaucratized implementation, but account must

be taken of the specific features and characteristics of a society which is

not homogeneous,considering it from the most varied standpoints.

Fundamental Tasks

A total of 13 tasks were determined as fundamental for the executive council.
This entails reconsideration of this organ's scope of activity, focusing
attention on action of an urban nature, with a greater impact on the city's
populace.

Hence, the executive council must ensure the direction, management and over-
seeing of the urban services, especially garbage collection and treatment,
and the cleaning up of the environment, the parks and the gardens.

In addition, the plan for, the city's structure must be carried out, once it
has been approved, in cooperation with the authorized central agencies;
specifically ensuring proper use of the land and its control.

The executive council was charged with directing the maintenance and management

of urban infrastructures, including the water supply system, the road system
and the available properties.

48


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POLITICAL RELATIONSHIPS REVEALED

JPRS*SSA*854093
2 October 1985

COMORO ISLANDS

London AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL in English 17 Jul 85 pp 3-6

[Text]

These four small islands strategically situated mid-
way between Madagascar and Mozambique are at
present the object of much international attention.
The South African government, particularly its mili-
tary component, is especially keen to consolidate its
semi-covert presence there. It already appears to have
an underground monitoring station near Itsandra on
Grande-Comore which can keep an eye on radio
traffic throughout the East African littoral. As inter-
national and regional pressure mounts on South
Africa, the establishing of ‘forward’? bases is
regarded as vital by South African military intelli-
gence, the department whose writ runs astonishingly
wide.

But South Africa is far from alone in its designs
on the Comoros. France, the United States, the
Soviet Union, Saudi Arabia, Mozambique, a clutch
of Gulf states and several sometimes mysterious
European entrepreneurs are Parties to the intrigue.
The islands’ strategic position is of course a matter
of interest for all. Supertankers on their way from
the Gulf to Europe and the Atlantic seabord pass
close by on their way through the Mozambique
channel, where surveillance of surface and submarine
traffic is a routine preoccupation for world powers.
The Soviets have a listening post on Bazaruto, a
small island off the coast of Mozambique. The
Americans and NATO allies have various facilities
in the region, notably the huge base on the British
island of Diego Garcia. And the French, South
Africa’s strongest competitors in the Comoros, have
their controversial facilities on Mayotte island.

The Comoros also have the distinction of being
the only territory in the world more or less admini-
stered by mercenaries. In 1978, it will be tecalled,
Maj. Bob Denard’, the mercenary of Congo fame,
and 50-odd colleagues, carried out a successful coup
against the firebrand revolutionary President Ali
Soilih and replaced him with his predecessor Ahmed

10

Abdallah, on the understanding that Abdallah would
give sympathetic consideration to the wishes ‘of the
mercenaries and their backers. His party, L’Union
Comorienne pour le Progrés, is.a mere shell: But
his family is one of three which control practically
all commercial activity on the islands.

Thus, with such an array of intriguing ingredients,
opinions differ as to whether it was with the Prospect
of watching a pornographic video or of sitting down
to their monthly ‘regimental’? dinner that 30 white
mercenaries were expected to assemble on the night
of 8 March this year at Kandahani camp, headquar-
ters of the presidential guard in the capital Moroni,
Whatever, the occasion was seen by a group of black
privates in the guard as an opportunity to kill some,
if not all, of the assembled officers. -

As it happens, the mercenaries knew of the plot
to kill them and arrested 24 members of the guard —
a conspicuous minority because they were not natives
of Anjouan, unlike the majority of their comrades
and President Abdallah himself. The mercenaries
wanted an immediate court martial as a preliminary
to exemplary executions, but they were persuaded
otherwise by the acting president, standing in for
Abdallah who was in France at the time and in no.
hurry to get back.

News of the bungled mutiny was suppressed locally
while the presidential guard rounded up. Moustafu
Said Sheikh, leader of the leftish and semi-outlawed
Democratic Front (DF), along with about 60 of his
supporters who, if not actually parties to the mutiny.
(which the mercenaries allege, and the DF denies),
were the people in the Comoros who said, louder
and more frequently than anyone else, that the
mercenaries and their presidential patron had long
overstayed their welcome.

The attempted mutiny and the arrests that: fol-
lowed would hardly have caused a ripple.a year ago
outside the families and friends of those in detention


The benefits of this operation made it possible to settle, immediately, the
status of older workers who were either nearing retirement age or were already
eligible for it, to reassign staff to improve efficiency, and to send excess
personnel into the fields.

The concern of the task force which specifically took charge of this effort
was to find a way to allocate the maximum number of workers to cane-cutting
and other field work, "freeing up" an entire situation that grew out of a
structure inherited years ago which had never been subjected to a hard-nosed
review.

Structural Questions

Although not classified as obsolete, the fact is that the way AM had been
structured until recently was not suited to current realities.

When ‘the work of the high-level delegation sent to Mafambisse was finished,

the National Sugar Institute [INA] and the company directors were given the

task of immediately reorganizing and readapting the overall structure of the
company on the basis of responsibilities and with an eye to capabilities.

At the same time, additional skilled employees may prove to be needed for
certain functions, primarily in agronomy, where the number of technicians is
nowhere near sufficient to cover the amount of land involved.

This situation has been causing disciplinary problems. There has been too
much liberalism, and an insufficiently strict approach to work. This has made
it hard to meet deadlines on tasks that are vital--not only for getting the
harvest underway, but also for the survival of the company as a whole.

This is why the company was experiencing significant problems with the repair
of equipment needed for the harvest campaign. There was no specific plan of
action on the human technical capacity actually present in the company as a
whole.

This is why the company was experiencing significant problems with the repair
of equipment needed for the harvest campaign. There was no specific plan of
action based on the human technical capacity actually present in the company.

Now, the best possible conditions have been created for progressing to a
higher degree of organization in terms of the work force, and control
mechanisms are already operating in many departments of AM.

Since the situation here is not very different from that at other sugar
refineries in this country, it was recommended in Mafambisse that other

companies reflect on the labor problems they face and apply what was learned
from the experience here.

12830
CSO: 3442/384

52


SOUTH AFRICA

Trade Figures for January-July Released
(GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 6 Sep 85) ......00e

Revenue Statistics for April-July Given
(GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 6 Sep 85) scsceseecevseee

German Business Attitudes, Links to Security Forces Detailed
(DER SPIEGEL, 19 Aug 85) .........

Charges of Secret Oil Shipments to South Africa Stir Norway
(AFTENPOSTEN, various dates) Fee e reece reese reece

Union Alleges Secret Shipments

Shippers' Official Denies Charges, by Elvind Fossheim
Stepped Up Inspection Urged, by Roar Ostgrdsgjelten
Willoch Rejects Oil Boycott

Repayment of Foreign Creditors, Rand Purchases Restricted
(GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 1 Sep 85) .....cscccsceccsecceeccees

Briefs
Gas Import Depot

SWAZILAND

Dutch Firm To Build R16M Factory
(SUNDAY TIMES, 18 Aug 85) Oe

ZIMBABWE

Munangagwa Tells Youth To Popularize Scientific Socialism
(THE HERALD, 2 Sep 85) .....05

Party Continues Debate in Its Defence of Marxism-Leninism
(Charles Chikerema; THE HERALD, 3 Sep 85) ...ceeeeeeccees

Radio Truth Notes Military Involvement in Mozambique
(Radio Truth in English to Zimbabwe, 28 Aug 85) .......05

ANC Commentary Calls for Disturbances in White Districts
(Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa, |
2 Sep 85) .,

Government Urged To Prepare for Effects of Sanctions
(Radio Truth in English to Zimbabwe, 29 Aug 85) ........

Muzorewa May Accept Job in United States
(THE SUNDAY MAIL, 25 Aug 85) .. Decne e cere t eee reece

-d-

72

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99

100

101

102

105

107

109

110


JPRS#*SSA“854093
2 October 1985

ODM’S AID ARMED FORCES--The democratic mass organizations [ODM] in Inhambane
Province have offered the Armed Forces over 4,000 coconuts, two bales of
clothing and cassava flour. The donation, which included magazines, newspapers
and cigarettes, was presented during the work of the Provincial Committee's
eighth session, recently held in the city of Inhambane. In a message read on
that occasion, the ODM expressed their solidarity with the efforts expended
by the defense and security forces to put an end to war in the country. The
party members residing in the city of Maxixe, for their part, turned over

the sum of 10,750.00 meticals, a result of a people's contribution in support
of the construction of the headquarters for the party's Provincial Committee
in that province. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 12 Aug 85 p 1] 2909

FISHERY EXPERTS GDR TRAINED--Mozambican cadres who have just completed their
training in the fishing sector in the GDR are scheduled to work along the
Sofala coast in an activity coordinated by EMOPESCA [Mozambican Fishing
Company] headquartered in Beira. The group is made up of six teachers, one
driver and one technical expert and is scheduled to work in an experimental
fishing project along the Sofala coast in cooperation with qualified fishermen
from the GDR. This information was made public at a ceremony held a few days
ago at Pier 9 of the port of Beira representing the symbolic delivery of two
fishing vessels from the GDR. According to an explanation given on that
occasion, it is planned to replace the GDR fishing experts in the service of
Sofala by Mozambican cadres who are to be trained in that European country in
keeping with existing cooperative agreements between the two states. [Text]
{Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 16 Aug 85 p 10] 8568

CSO: 3442/392

69



RAILWAY TO SUBSTITUTE BRIQUETTES FOR IMPORTED COAL

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 13 Aug 85 p 1

[article by Wendy Asiama and Kojo Sam]

[Text]

cso:

THE Ghana Railway
Corporation (GRC) is to
substitute briquettes
produced locally for im-
ported coal to run its
steam engines.

Apart from saving the
country the foreign ex-
change used in importing
coal, the briquettes could
also be used as fuel wood in
the homes and in industry.

And what is encouraging
is the fact that the raw
materials used in the pro-
duction of the briquettes is
saw-dust, a 100 per cent
waste from sawn timber
which has posed environ-
mental problems for the
timber industry as far as its
disposal is concerned. A
briquette is a hard block of
compressed saw dust
which is used for combu-
stion.

The new product is ma-

3400/1014

nufactured by a rural-
based firm — CHAOWUS
LIMITED — at Akim Oda
in the Eastern Region. The
company has already
started trial tests using
simple technology.

Mr Fred Ohene-Kena,
all the major timber pro-
cessing areas in the
country.

He said the establish-
ment of the factory has
brought into focus the
economic importance of
saw-dust because briquet-
Under Secretary for Lands
and Mineral Resources,
who disclosed this to the
“Graphic” in Accra yester-
day, said his ministry
would give ithe necessary
support to the company to
establish similar plants in

24

tes could also be used in
the homes as fuel wood
(renewable energy) for
cooking.

Mr Ohene-Kena ex-
pressed the hvpe that the
production of briquettes
in commercial quantities
would reduce the over-
reliance on fuel wood in
our forests which has posed
vegetational problem of
desertification.

The Under Secretary
stressed the need for every
community to have its own
source of fuel wood.

“We must plan for it be-
cause in future the society
will be faced with the pro-
blem of getting fuel wood.”
Mr Ohene-Kena advised.

He urged timbermen to
promote research into the
utilisation of other waste
products from the industry
to ensure maximum bene-
fits from the country’s
timber resources.

JPRS*SSA=854093
2 October 1985

GHANA


latter was the Security collective farm, which was also visited. On the produc-
tion sites, Eduardo Arao recommended that all the farmers start for the next
campaign, the planting of rice, peanuts and cashew nuts; and the private

farmers informed the governor that the soil is suited for an experiment with
these types of seed.

Among the problems mentioned by the farmers, on the visit to.Chingodzi, the
lack of a work force, of fuel and of pipes for irrigation was most prominent.

Insofar as fuel is concerned, Eduardo Arao recommended that the issue be taken
to the farmers association, for a study of the viability of installing electric
power in the area, so as to reduce the costs of diesel used for the operation
of pumps and engines.

At the meeting, which took place right after the visits to the collective farms,
and to the district, a mobilization commission was formed to build dams, and
another one for training yokes of oxen for animal hauling.

Eduardo Arao remarked: "This meeting served to allow both the residents of the

district and the party and state agencies to become more familiar with one
another."

2909
CSO: 3442/387

67



JPRS*SSA=85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

NEW MILITIA MEMBERS END COURSE IN BEIRA
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 13 Aug 85 p 3

[Text] Last weekend in the capital of Sofala, the 18th training course for
People's Militias which lasted 5 months, given at the Goto center, came to
an end.

The closing ceremony, held on Saturday, was headed by the leader of Sofala,
Marcelino dos Santos, who was accompanied by the first secretary of the city
committee, Lourenco Marra, Francisco Masquil, state secretary of supply and
over 3,000 persons, including relatives and friends of the students, and also -
representatives of the political agencies and the local labor and residential
organizations.

Maj Gen Marcelino dos Santos opened an exhibit of design and photography on
that occasion, depicting the center's activities, then reviewing the militia
forces on parade.

The local forces subsequently marched, passing in front of the platform, where
they rendered military honors. This parade replete with the style which
typifies any newly formed paramilitary force, was consecutively applauded by
the thousands of residents of Beira who thronged to the Goto on Saturday after-
noon.

In presenting the tactical-combat activities, the leader of Sofala, Marcelino
dos Santos, made laudatory comments, claiming that they were of high quality and
proved the industriousness of the newly trained men during their instruction.

Cultural activities filled a large portion of the closing ceremony for the 18th
militia course, with the new cadres and their instructors participating; this
lent more excitement to the program, which extended until nightfall.

In a message read on this occasion, which was translated into a "statement of
commitment," the participants requested the provincial leader to convey to the
commander in chief of the Armed Forces of Mozambique/FPLM, Marshal Samora
Machel, their readiness to advance in the front line of battle against the
armed bandits.

60


JPRS*SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

REGIONAL SECRETARY FIRINGS LINKED TO TSIKATA'S PNDC MEMBERSHIP

London TALKING DRUMS in English 26 Aug 85 p 11

[Article by Poku Adaa]

[Text]

Since December 31, 1981 the number
of personnel who have served in the
PNDC government and have been
“fired just like that’? or redeployed to
PNDC Secretariat is growing tremen-
dously. In fact ever since Capt (rtd)
Kojo Tsikata joined the PNDC as a
member there have been more ‘‘de-
ployments” than normal. The net has
engulfed the Police Force, the Im-
migration Department and the Civil
Aviation.

The most recent ‘‘deployments”’
have been those of three Regional
Secretaries: of the Volta Region,
Brong-Ahafo and Greater Accra
Region.

Kofi Asare-Saweri, former Young
Pioneer Movement organiser in the
Nkrumah regime and until his eleva-
tion to head of the Brong-Ahafo region
was a wealthy Kumasi-based contrac-
tor. He replaced C. S. Takyi, who
replaced Saarah-Mensah who replaced
. . . His trouble was that even though
the two soccer clubs of the region had
reached a point of relegation from the
national league he was trying to use his
office to set aside the rules of the game.

The Volta region has also had a fair
share of changes in administrative
heads. Colonel Augustine Kwami
Amable (retired) took over from
Austin Asamoah-Tutu. Now the
dismissed secretary, Amable is
something of an enigma. As a former
deputy Border Guards Commander,
second in Command to Major-General
Utuka who was executed by the AFRC
in 1979, few expected him, as a good

7

friend and confidante of the late

Utuka, to have worked with the

PNDC. His exit according to informed

sources from the region was long over-
ue.

His crime to warrant dismissal? He
arbitrarily announced that the District
Secretary for Jasikan had been sacked.
It turned out that the almost senile
Amable didn’t take into consideration
the facts of the situation. Col Amable
has long served this nation first as
member of the Gold Coast ‘‘Water
Police’? — the Customs and Preventive
Service of the Gold Coast and the
nation wish him good riddance.

The Greater Accra region started
with Ghanaian poet, Atukwei Okai as
regional Secretary in the early hurly-
burly days of the revolution. Until last
week, the seat was occupied by Nii
Abeo Kyerekwanda, one of the Accra
sub-chiefs. Now a Mr W. A.
Thompson, another unknown has
waited for his turn.

There’s another story about the Cen-
tral region where Lt-Col E. A. Baidoo
(not retired) is regional Secretary. Lt-
Col Baidoo, adulated and later fired by
General Acheampong was enjoying his
retirement as a local chief in a small
village in the region. Then when the
revolution gathered momentum and
Acquaah Harrison was moved from
the Central region as Secretary to the
Ministry of Rural Development, there
was no one to fill the post at Cape
Coast.

Then the Central Region House of
Chiefs led by Nana Kojo Mbra of Cape

GHANA



JPRS#SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

FRANCE BOOSTS GAZA, INHAMBANE CASHEW MARKETING CAMPAIGN
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 15 Aug 85 p 3
[Article by Gabriel Mussavele]

[Text] The Mozambican Government is now enjoying greater
support in its programs for the marketing of cashew nuts
in the provinces of Gaza and Inhambane. With a financing
of 46 million francs from the French Government, it is
hoped that there will be a purchase of 36,000 tons of
cashew nuts in these two provinces and in that of Nampula
during the 1985-1986 period. In divulging this information,
Jose Carlos Trindade, director-general of AGRICOM
[Agricultural Products Marketing Company], said that, of
that amount, 5 million frances is left over from the first
program carried out in Nampula with the support of France's
Central Fund for Economic Cooperation [CCCE].

The sum allocated to the cashew nut sector is part of a financial agreement
signed between Mozambique and France according to which the CCCE was to
furnish 100 million French francs to support specific programs for the
marketing of cotton, cattle and sisal.

In fact, 6 million francs is allocated for the import of consumer goods, 10
million for the purchase of raw materials for national industry in general
and about 17.5 million for the purchase of transportation and weighing
equipment and bags for the 1985-1986 cashew nut marketing campaign.

According to Jose Carlos Trindade, AGRICOM's director-general, the process of
importing goods and equipment is already underway, and it is hoped that there
will be no further delays this year in the delivery of products to the
marketing middlemen.

Similar to what happened in Nampula in the past campaign, 37 vehicles are
scheduled to arrive in the country within the next few months; these will be
sold to the middlemen who will be differentiated according to their partici-
pation or quantity of cashew nuts marketed in the provinces of Gaza, Inhambane
and Nampula and the biggest producers of cashew nuts.

34


The head of the Madal Agricultural Association's livestock sector added: "At
the present time, the enterprise has a total of 700 animals, 70 of which are
breeding hogs."

Feed: Great Difficulty

One of the reasons that prompted Madal to stop raising hogs was the great diffi-
culty in procuring animal feed, a main factor in the development of the livestock
industry.

Rogerio Henriques claimed: "The lack of feed for the animals is. another factor,
and many breeders, large and small, have resorted to local alternatives to
make up for this gap."

To ensure minimal feed for the livestock, and consequently for their develop-
ment, Madal made available 5 hectares for cassava, one for squash and another
for sweet potatotes. The subject of our interview explained: "These products,
as well as copra bagasse, constitute a basic feed for hogs, although the latter
product (bagasse) is not always available, owing to the respective factory's
irregularity."

Palm: Basis for Construction

The total use of local construction material is not a mere "slogan" at Madal.
In fact, because of the lack of resources, the workers at this enterprise are
using palm as a basic material for building pigpens.

According to Rogerio Henriques, the construction remains sufficiently sound,
and the animals are protected from the sun and rain. However, the floors are
not cemented, for lack of cement; and this interferes with the complete clean-
ing of the pigpens. All the components of the feed boxes and drinking troughs
are made of local material, even including the nails, which are manufactured
locally.

Need for Cadres

Rogerio Henriques added: "This is a serious project, which is why the enter-
prise's administration has beén particularly heedful, especially with regard
to capable cadres. For example, five.. persons were recently trained in courses
given in the city of Maputo."

He maintained that the growth of this activity must be accompanied by the train-
ing of more cadres, so as to ensure the project's operativeness and progress.
Rogerio Henriques remarked: "For this reason, in each production unit there
must be someone with a knowledge of hog-raising, at least during this phase."
Nevertheless, he noted that this activity is not Madal's leading industry; but
it has now become important to develop the project, in order to cope with the
problems of the meat shortage besetting the province.

54



CANADIAN GRANT FOR GRAINS PRODUCTION

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 16 Aug 85

[Article by Kwaku Nehemia]

[Text]

cso:

THE Canadian Government has ap-
proved an additional $8.5 million

ant in the form of equipment and
Fipute for the implementation of the
second phase of Grains Development
Board projects in the country which
are jointly being sponsored by the
Ghana government and the Canadian
Inter: nal Development Agency
(CIDA).

The Canadian government has already
given a similar grant of $2.6 million for the
first phase of the project which ended in
1983,

These were disclosed by Dr. Benjamin
Ofosu, Executive Director of Grains De-
velopment Board during an inspection
tour of projects embarked upon by the
board and CIDA at New Bomfa and Tik-
rom in the Ejisu District of Ashanti ye-
sterday.

The projects which are at the moment
conentrated on cowpea and maize pro-

3400/1013

duction were initiated by the Ghana go-
vernment and CIDA to breed and intro-
duce new varieties of the two crops in
order to increase their production and
quality in the country.

Dr Ofosu said that the first phase of the
projects involved the breeding of new
varieties of the two crops, their trial and
setting up verification and demonstration
farms.

‘The second phase involves the multipli-
cation of the varieties and their introduc-
tion to farmers and evaluation of the
whole project.

He stated that the second phase which
has already started has been very success-
ful, adding that between 70 and 80 per cent
of the farmers who were introduced to the
new varieties have accepted them and
adopted the techniques involved in their
cultivation.

He said that an evaluation team from
Canada has been in the country on diffe-

-rent occasions to assess the project.

20

IJPRS*SSA*85+093
2 October 1985

GHANA



"To the extent it concerns breaking Norwegian law, it is the Norwegian police
authorities who ought to investigate the matter," Vikdren believes. He points
out that South African authorities are very interested in protecting those
who desire confidentiality regarding a call. This can occur regardless of the
shipping company's wishes or actions. It is the charterer who decides where
the ship will go and he places on the shipping company too the obligation of
silence regarding the ship's cargo and destination.

Fréysnes: Too Early to Prepare Annual Statistics

Foreign Affairs Ministry Undersecretary Torbjérn Fréysnes says in a commentary
on the reports regarding increased Norwegian oil shipments to South Africa,
that it is too early to prepare statistics for 1985. According to the reports
UD [Foreign Affairs Ministry] has received, the average figure last year was
one Norwegian ship per month.

"Shipments of oil vary strongly from quarter to quarter. and the figure at the
year's end can prove to be the same as last year," he says,

Fr¢ysnes reports besides that 95 percent of the oil which goes to South Africa
comes from Arab countries around the Persian Gulf. At least half of this oil
goes directly to the country. Reports which have been available to UD show
that only a few shipments came from Norway. According to Fréysnes, this took
place as a rare exception.

As far as Norwegian ships and their participation in the shipments are con-
cerned, it often occurs that the oil is sold to international oil dealers.
The cargo can change owners several times en route and the shipping company
does not have control over it.

"But it is obvious that if an arrangement were to be gotten whereby shipping
companies committed themselves in advance not to sail to South Africa, then a
number of charterers would lose interest in Norwegian tankers," Frdysnes tells
AFTENPOSTEN .

In order to gain a better perspective regarding these shipments, the government
has entered into an agreement with the Norwegian Shipowners Association. "The
authorities are to get information regarding how many Norwegian ships at any
time transport oil to South Africa," Frdéysnes reports. The arrangement has not
yet come about.

The Storting Foreign Affairs Committee has asked that this arrangement be
expanded to hold also for other voyages to South Africa and that the names of
Norwegian ships which call on the country be published. The shipowners associ-
ation answered that they cannot cooperate in this. The authorities are now
assessing how this situation is to be grappled with.

87



On that occasion, the NORAD representative announced the arrival, within a
short time, of a Norwegian vessel which will operate in the area of fishing
research,

He said: "The arrival of this boat will give a greater impetus to the coopera-
tion between the two countries, because it will help Mozambique to make effec-
tive use of the fishing resources that it has available."

2909
CSO: 3442/387

41



The trust displayed by the Germans is in strange contrast to the growing
skepticism of American businessmen. According to a representative of Johan-
nesburg's U.S. Chamber of Commerce, many U.S. firms in South Africa ponder
the "moral justifiability and the economic sense and purpose" of their in-
volvement. Kenneth J. McCarthy of Rinfret Associates, a New York management
consulting firm, openly warns his clients: "You should be prepared to write
off your operations in South Africa at a moment's notice."

The Germans, too, would have much to lose in such a case. Last year, the
Federal Republic--being practically level with the United States--was the
South Africans' biggest supplier. The Germans shipped to the Cape DM 6.6
billion worth of goods. Late in 1984, Hermes-Kreditversicherung's guarantees
for German exports to South Africa accounted for DM 6 billion of the Federal
Budget.

Next to Great Britain and the United States, the Federal Republic-~following
at a distance, though--is the third largest foreign investor in South Africa.
According to the Federal Government's latest official statistics, the so-
called direct investments at the Cape amount to approximately DM 2 billion.
The antiapartheid movement claims German investments total as much as

DM 7.5 billion.

Two hundred and eighty-three German firms~-nearly equal the number of U.S.
enterprises—-maintain branches in South Africa, employing a labor force of
close to 50,000. Practically the entire elite of German industry-~from AEG
to Zeiss--is represented at Africa's southern tip.

The top position is held by Siemens, the Munich-based electrical concern: it
maintains four plants of its own and has a share in two others. The Isando
plant near Johannesburg, for example, produces control systems and rotors
for electric power sources. The Waltloo plant turns out electronic telex
machines. The Dimbaza plant in Ciskei, which was put in operation this
spring, produces telephones.

Siemens even produces high-tech equipment in South Africa. As early as 1979,
the firm started producing process computers and terminals and it has a
25-percent share in SA~Micro~Electronic Systems, which at a cost of 60 mil-
lion rand (DM 76 million) set up its own chip production.

With its work force of 6,000 and a turnover of DM 900 million, W's South
African subsidiary is almost on a par with Siemens, Last year, the Uitenhage
plant produced 37,500 vehicles, including Golf, Jetta, Passat, VW-bus and
the special variant of a Golf pickup. In 1983, Audi, a VW subsidiary, set
up--at a cost of DM 75 million--a production plant for the Audi 500, the
South African variant of the Audi 100. _

Since 1970, BMW has been assembling its cars in South Africa. In 1983, head
of state Pieter W. Botha and Franz Josef Strauss, minister president of
Bavaria, jointly opened the Rosslyn plant near Pretoria, which at a cost of
DM 230 million had been brought up to the latest state of engineering. At
the ceremony, the CSU boss pointedly stated that a "black majority government

82


MOZAMBIQUE

EMOPESCA RECEIVES TWO TUGS FOR GDR-SPONSORED PROJECT
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 13 Aug 85 p 3

[Text] Last Monday,.the Mozambican Fishing Enterprise (EMOPESCA) received two
tugboats to be assigned to the experimental fishing project to supply the
people being carried out in Sofala's ocean waters with the aid of the GDR.

The boats were turned over to the Mozambican Government by the project repre—
sentative in our country, Noack Heins, who on this occasion expressed certainty
that in the near future they would be crewed by Mozambicans, as the project
stipulates.

The two vessels, each with a capacity to catch 60 tons of fish per month, will
thereby reinforce the project fleet, raising to four the number of tugs of this
type delivered by the GDR to our country. The first two were delivered last
year, and are currently in full activity on the Sofala coast.

First Officers Arrive in Beira

Eight Mozambican first officers trained in the GDR arrived in Beira to join
the experimental fishing project to supply the people, as the enterprise's
director, Oscar Cuna, disclosed.

These cadres, trained under the auspices of an agreement concluded between the
State Secretariat of Fishing and the German enterprise, Veb Fischkonat, in the
fishing area, are the first ones to be made available by the GDR to undertake

the gradual replacement of crew members from that European socialist country,

who are currently operating the four fishing boats with Mozambican specialized
personnel.

Moreover, Oscar Cuna announced that, from the last quarter to date, over 600
tons of fish have been supplied to the population, as a result of the work done
by these tugs, delivered at the end of last year.

With the arrival of two more tugboats, it is expected that the production will
reach 210 tons per month, in the context of the experimental fishing project
being carried out in our country with backing from the GDR.

Meanwhile, another ice factory has been set up in the city of Beira, to supply
fishing vessels. which do not have their own cold storage facilities.

2909 9

cso: 3442/385



based on universal and equal suffrage" could not be reconciled with "mainte-
nance of the country's competitiveness."

BMW has paid a high price for its involvement in South Africa. For years,
its Pretoria subsidiary operated at a loss--a phenomenon highly unusual for
investments in South Africa. The BMW cars of series 3, 5 and 7 that were
licensed last year could have been built at a plant half as big.

To escape "the maladies of the South African automobile industry," as BMW
boss Eberhard von Kuenheim put it, BMW's 2,600 South African workers are to
work now for exports to Germany.

Despite all these difficulties, von Kuenheim continues to believe in expan-
sion in South Africa. In March, during a visit to Capetown, he announced he
would expand a BMW branch in Bophuthatswana, a black homeland.

The partiality some German enterprises show for the country of the Boers is
somewhat astonishing. The BMW plant in South Africa, for example, is the
only production plant the Bavarians maintain abroad-~and this goes also for
the Audi plant. Besides two affiliates, Siemens does not maintain any plants
of its own in any other African country.

The stimulating effect that cheap black labor undoubtedly exerts on investors
probably is not the only motivating factor. For the workers of the German

enterprises differ markedly from those working for American and British firms
in South Africa: only about 50 percent of the workers of German subsidiaries
are blacks-~in the American firms, blacks constitute approximately 80 percent.

The Anglo-Saxons have always been active in the mining industry, where cheap
black coolies help maximize profits. German firms such as Degussa and
Norddeutsche Affinerie, a company affiliated with it, are in a minority in
the South African mining industry. In fields where the Germans are strong-~
in the automobile and electrical industries and in plant construction—--there
is a great demand for skilled workers. For the most part, however, such
workers are still recruited from the highly paid white population segment.

This is why German opponents of apartheid suspect that many firms came to the
Cape for other than purely economic reasons. They feel that secret sympathy
for the white regime if not the desire to render political assistance are
important factors here.

Most likely, what attracts the firms is a mixture of sympathy, marketing
opportunities and tax advantages.

To be sure, there is a 46-percent profit tax, but with some know-how one can
get around it. High depreciation rates on machinery, allowances for indus—
trial sites close to the homelands, credits for training expenditures, unlim-
ited carry-overs of investment losses-~all of these are good means of keeping
the South African revenue office at bay.

83



JPRS#SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

KENYA

BRIEFS

COUP PLOT REVEALED--Five soldiers were arrested last May at Gilgil barracks
after a cache of arms and 4,000 rounds of ammunition had been discovered.
Investigation revealed the arms had been methodically secreted from the
armoury. Led reportedly by a Kikuyu major, the soldiers intended to stage a
military takeover on Madaraka Day (1 June) by assassinating President Daniel
Arap Moi in the style of the late Anwar Sadat's assassination. The initial
arrests have been followed by another 30 or so among junior ranks and NCOs from
different tribes. They are now being held in top security prisons around the
country. The president appears uncertain how to deal with the matter, not
least because of army unhappiness over the hanging on 9 July at Kamiti maximum
security prison of Hezekiah Ochuka Rabala and 11 others found guilty of treason
for the attempted coup in August 1982. The names of those hung are Joseph
Ogidi, Bramwel Injeni, Walter Odira Ojide, Oteyo Okumu, James Odemba, Robert
Odhiambo Ndege, Charles Oriwa, George Akoth, Charles Mirasi, Fenwicks Odera,
Edward Adel Omolo, and Ochuka. [Text] [London AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL in English
14 Aug 85 p 8]

cso: 3400/1060

28


On the other hand, the economic and political crisis in South Africa places
Luanda at present in the position of saying internally and externally:

“see how events are beginning to prove us right and to show that it was
worth "holding firm" and not giving in, particularly with regard to the
presence of the Cuban international troops in Angola."

It is in this context that the repeal of the "Clark Amendment," a 1976 law
which strongly conditioned any initiative of the U.S. Administration to
provide financial support to UNITA. That law came about after the failure
of Washington's attempts, through South Africa and Zaire, to prevent the
independence proclamation by the MPLA on November 11, 1975.

The repeal of the "Clark Amendment" should not have any effect in the field,
at least immediately, but it has the political significance of freeing the
White House to attempt some avenues in South Africa, a region of strategic
importance for the United States.

Luanda-Washington Dialogue

In the current circumstances it appears difficult, or almost impossible,

to renew the direct dialogue between Angola and South Africa, begun last

year after the Lusaka Agreement. The same will not be true of the Luanda-
Washington dialogue. The suspension that followed the approval of the

"Clark Amendment" is considered temporary and serves mostly to set a position
of principle. The Angolan ambassador in Lisbon, Mawete Joao Baptista stressed
to us that Angolans could only speak again to the "South Africans" after

they furnished an "explanation" of the sabotage attempt on Malongo. With
regard to the U.S.A., he told us that Angola never closes the door on dia-
logue, either in Luanda or somewhere else.

However, what Luanda considers to be Washington's paradox was noted in a
letter sent to the North-American congressmen. The letter "grew out" of a
large meeting that took Place two weeks ago in Largo Kinaxi, in Luanda,

to condemn the repeal of the "Clark Amendment :"

"On one hand the Reagan administration said it was ready to contribute to
an honorable solution (which has always met with the understanding of the
Angolan people) to South Africa's climate of permanent tension, whose origin
is the racist regime of Pretoria, while on the other hand it is the archi-
tect of dark and base plans to ruin the Angolan economy and to destroy the
legitimate government of the RPA."

These words express the deep distrust which covers the relations between
the two countries. Nevertheless, Angola and the U.S.A. are forced to es-
tablish a dialogue.

The proximity of Namibia, the territory illegally occupied by Pretoria,
and the ties with Moscow make Luanda the key player among the countries
of the Front Line for any advance in the region. On the other hand, the
economic relations between Angola and the U.S.A. and Reagan's policy of
"constructive engagement" (that relies on the "effectiveness" of persuasion


JPRS+SSA#85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

MANICA PROVINCE TO INCREASE INVOLVEMENT IN SECURITY EFFORT
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 7 Aug 85 pl

[Text] The 6th Session of the Provincial Committee of the
Frelimo party, recently held in Chimoio, capital of Manica,
decided that each of the Province's Districts must form

an area of influence in the fight against the armed bandits,
and that all means - material, human and others - must be
employed in this battle.

The session also decided that, as a trial, the Sussundenga and Mussarize Dis-
tricts would be the first to implement this measure and that their First
Secretaries and Administrators, as the highest authorities of the Party

and the State, should personally lead the operations of the Local Defense
and Safety Forces.

In addition, the meeting decided that every citizen residing in each district
should, after training, become responsible for a certain area in order to
guarantee the safety and peace of the citizens, both at home and at work.
During these actions worker and population groups will be detailed to patrol
the areas.

The leader of the session, Colonel Manuel Antonio pointed out to those re-
sponsible that this action of involving the population in the fight against
armed bandits must not constitute an obstacle to fulfilling the central
State and territorial plans. He added that those people in businesses and
neighborhoods who are not engaged in any productive activity, or those whose
presence is not very necessary, will be involved in the task of defending
the fatherland.

These decisions were taken in the spirit of full compliance with the President
Samora Machel's directions, communicated to every citizen in his speech

of May 11, given at the conclusion of Youth Week. This speech was the subject
of group study by the members of the Provincial Committee and guests to

the sixth session of the agency.

The same session decided to launch again the Political and Organizational

Offensive on all production fronts and the "Operation Production" for the
success of the battle against underdevelopment.

43



JPRS*SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

ANGOLA

EXPANSION OF ROLE, INFLUENCE IN CONTINENTAL AFFAIRS SEEN
Lisbon 0 JORNAL in Portuguese 9 Aug 85 p 27

[Text] Although contacts with the U.S. government have been
suspended following the repeal of the "Clark Amendment,"
the People's Republic of Angola is determined to perform
amore active role, not only in South Africa but in the
whole continent as well, including the North-South dialogue.

Luanda has been preparing for a number of months to receive the ministerial
meeting of the Non-Aligned Movement at the beginning of September. The event
will gather in the renovated Angolan capital many official delegations and,
in addition, a large number of journalists.

The privileged ties at the ideological, military and economic levels which
link the People's Republic of Angola to the Soviet Union and, in a general
way, to the Eastern Block are well known. Because of this, the Non-Aligned
Meeting will be the appropriate moment to emphasize other solidarities and
other joint interests and to underline the priorities of the African Continent.

Furthermore, those priorities were defined by the Angolan Minister of Foreign
Affairs, Afonso Van-Dunen, in the recent meeting of the oaAU (Organization

of African Unity) in Addis Ababa: a renegotiation of the external debt

and the relaunching of agriculture in the African continent, which is cur-
rently suffering a need whose dimensions, in some regions, leads to speaking
of "a lost generation."

For his part, President Jose dos Santos, when speaking in the Ethiopian
capital, made an appeal for OAU solidarity against the danger of "an in-
tolerabie interference and a serious destabilization by the United States
of America" and against "the clear threat of a new broad offensive action
against Angola in the southern border."

"Clark Amendment" Repealed

The most recent events in South Africa strengthened the moral and diplomatic
position of Angola, particularly before the United States. The failure

of the attempted attack on Malongo, Cabinda, last May 21, when a South African
commando aimed at the installations Gulf Oil, the American oil company,

left Washington in an "uncomfortable" position.



The bidding competitions covered contracts for the construction work on the
project (awarded yesterday), for the furnishing of pipes and accessories,
and for the supplying and installation of the pumping equipment.

The latter two contracts have already been signed, The contract for the
pipes and accessories was executed in 1984, The Mozambican company Prosul
will provide 7 kilometers of pre-stressed concrete pipe, and Pont-a-Mousson,

a French company, will supply 18 kilometers of ductile cast iron pipe. A
contract for the pumping equipment was signed this year with Thyssen Engineer-
ing of Germany.

The construction contract signed yesterday is, therefore, the last one in this
phase of the project. Work is expected to begin this very month, and is to
continue for an 82-week period. Completion is scheduled for the end of the
first quarter of 1987.

Construction of the new water treatment station, for which the local company
SOGEL is responsible, is already well underway. The facility should be ready
during the first half of next year. France financed the purchase of the
equipment for the station.

Impact of the Project

The purpose of the project is to double the present capacity of the water
system supplying the city of Maputo. After it is completed, installed
capacity will grow from 72,000 to 168,000 cubic meters of water per day.

The Pequenos Libombos dam is being built to ensure the flow rate necessary
to operate the expanded system producing and distributing water to the city.

Work on the various parts of the overall project will be done at the present
catchment, treatment, and elevation facility located at Umbeluzi, near
Boane, approximately 20 km from the capital.

The project is being carried out by the Ministry of Construction and Water
through its National Water Bureau and its Bureau of Construction Technology.
The African Development Bank is financing the foreign exchange portion,
amounting to $14 million.

12830
CSO: 3442/384

37



cso:

combination of height and heat at Johannesburg sometimes SAA aircraft have
to fill up with fuel in Upington, where the lower altitude enables take—
off with both full tanks and payload. Most worrying for Pretoria is the
possibility that Cape Verde might cease SAA's facilities there, making

the western route to Europe almost impossible. Hence the attraction of the
Comoros if the eastern route becomes imperative.

France's French franc loans to the region this year break down as follows:
Madagascar 266m, Mozambique 234m, Mauritius 85.8 m; Seychelles 64.4m,
and the Comoros 16.8m.

The villa belongs to "Commander Charles" (his real name appears to be
Roger Guis), a Belgian and former insurance salesman from Liege, now deputy
to Denard. Most of his colleagues, who admire his capacity to read books,
hold him in esteem. "Captain Gerard," commander of the Anjouan detachment
does not share this view. Gerard, who is regarded as the local French
DGSE man, is now lying low in France after apparently falling out with
Charles.

3400/1055

16


0 Miles

Itsandra,

GRANDE
COMORE - COMORES

100

Mutsambau

FTaolaiaro

INDIAN
OCEAN

+ TROMELIN
(Fe)

waprrms

\

REUNION ~
(Fr)

0 Miles 200 400

and, it is said, having a bad time of it. The chain
of recent events in the Comoros, however - magni-
fied and often distorted by the disjointed propaganda
efforts of the exiles - presents a panorama of quite
extraordinary mischief. For example, the U.S.S.
Jason, a naval logistical supply ship, was moored
offshore during the March mutiny and responded to
the incident by offering a free (although compulsory)
service for all the typewriters on the islands.

The incongruity of the Comoros becoming the
object of a miscellany of high-powered attention is
illustrated by the fact that the economy virtually
begins and ends with the production of vanilla,
jasmine and a scented tree called a ylang-ylang.
Vanilla production amounts to about 200 tonnes a
year; half of last year’s crop remains unsold because
the asking price is $69.50 per kilo, while the world
market, which increasingly uses synthetic substitutes,
reckons it is worth about $20.

To appreciate what is now happening in the
Comoros, it should be recalled that while three of
the islands (Grande-Comore, Anjouan and Moheli)
were almost unanimously in favour of severing ties
with France, Mayotte was equally determined to
retain or preferably strengthen them. No amount of
persuasion or attempted compromise caused either
side to budge. France tried to accommodate the
dispute by setting three islands down a measured
course towards independence; it invented for May-

otte a new colonial category, ‘‘collectivité territori-
ale”, midway between a ‘‘department’’ (which would
have meant lashings of financial aid and guarantees)
and “overseas territory’’ (the bottom of the colonial
totem-pole).

France hoped that some kind of decentralised
government would be the formula to bring about a
union of the four islands so that they could be
treated - as the Third World lobby at the UN urged -
as a single entity. Following a pattern reminiscent
of many independence movements, the old guard
which led the three islands to independence was
replaced by Soilih, whose spectacularly misdirected
zeal (he insisted on making a new start by burning all
existing bureaucratic paperwork) reduced an always
poor community into complete penury.

After a little more than two years of Soilih, during
which there were four half-hearted local attempts to
overthrow him, France had had enough. Denard was
commissioned to recruit a force of mercenaries, some
of whom were lightly disguised French regulars. A
white mercenary invasion followed by a de facto
mercenary government would have been too rich for
international consumption, especially by the African
bloc, so Abdallah was resurrected from exile to put
a plausible sheen on the operation. Ali Soilih was
shot dead two weeks after the coup as he ‘‘attempted
to escape’’.

1.



Briefs
Transmitter Being Built 111
Media Free From Government Control 111
Radio Network Almost Completed 111



JPRS#SSA*85+093
2 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

ANC COMMENTARY CALLS FOR DISTURBANCES IN WHITE DISTRICTS

EA031221 Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa 1930 GMT 2
Sep. 85

[Unattributed commentary--"Let Us Take the Battle to the Enemy's Backyard"]

[Text] Compatriots, [words indistinct] the entire [words indistinct] of black
townships of our country, from the northern Transvaal down to the Cape are
being engulfed by the flames of the revolution. The battie has now even
spread to the rural and remote parts of our country. Daily, the confrontation
between our heroic and death-defying people and the repressive forces of the
apartheid regime, its troops and police, has continued unabated. More than
700 lives of our people have now been lost in this period of over a year,

most of them, the victims of the builets of the apartheid killers.

Ail these months jong, the battlefield has been confined to the areas where
we, the oppressed biack people, live, safely far away from the white areas

of the country. Throughout this period, the majority of the white population
of this country have learned of the bitter confrontation only through their
television screens while sipping their drinks comfortably in their cosy homes.
They have been channelied by the severely controlled propaganda of the racist
regime and have also chosen on their own to be oblivious to the turmoil con-
tinuing. just in their backyards.

The time has come, countrymen, when that oblivion has to be ended. The whites
of this country now have to be rudely awakened from the dreamland that they
have closed themselves into. The faise myth that the fascist Botha-Maian
regime has been lulling them with and deluding them into believing, that it
can successfully secure them away from the fiames of revolution that are
sweeping this country, must now be shattered. We now have to take the battle
fight into their homes, into their kitchens and bedrooms.

Evidently, it was with this very same faise sense of security in mind that
the fascist Botha could afford, only a few days ago, to shout arrogantly from
the rooftops, in defiance of the whole world, that the white domination will
never be ended in this country. He was, of course, [words indistinct] which
is always in the bedrock and rear pase of his criminal apartheid system.

No wonder they cheered him so much. They were able to do so precisely because
they have not as yet felt the heat of the battle. To them, business still
continues as usual and things are still as normal as iong as Botha says so.

107



Edmundo Arao declared: "The farmers, in collaboration with the Office of Green
Zones, must do whatever is possible to ensure a permanent production in the low-
lying areas of the capital city during the year, so as to enable the population
to always have green vegetables on the market."

The introduction of fruit trees, particularly banana, throughout the collective
farms was another point cited by the governor during his visit to the collective
farms in Chingodzi.

Reserve Tanks Will be Built

After the visit, the governor of Tete held a brief meeting with some entities
associated with the party and agriculture, at which he indicated tasks that
must be performed over the short term.

Noted among the leading activities was that of making three topographers
available to engage in a survey of the levels of the land comprising the
low-lying area of Bamba, in Matundo, and locating the sites where reserve
water tanks will have to be built to ensure irrigation; so as to allow but
little spending on fuel use. .This task was assigned to the City of Tete's
executive council and the Provincial Directorate of Agriculture,

In addition, the same team must carry out the. division into plots of the land
occupied by the family sector, and make a survey of the production areas and
the exact number of farmers working in that section of the city of Tete. This

technical assistance.

The MECANAGO enterprise and EMOMA were assigned responsibility for transporting,
as quickly as possible, all the agricultural equipment, particularly implements,
located in Beira, to ensure success in the plowing, as well as for starting

the 1985-86 agricultural campaign,

Situation Being Experienced

The M'Padue district was another section of the city visited by the provincial
governor. The visit was part of the vast campaign that the leader of Tete
Province is carrying out, "on the spot," to observe and sense the concerns of
its residents.

No one left without the governor's holding a direct dialogue with the population
gathered there since early morning. The district visited currently has about
765 families living in eight units,

The first secretary of the Provincial Committee paid a lengthy visit to the
entire unit headquarters and the collective farms surrounding it,

In the agricultural production areas the visits were made to the collective farms
of the farmers Renato, Fernando Almeida, Chito, Elias and Papucide,. Among the

66


INSTITUTE BREEDS NEW MAIZE SEED

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in

[Article by Kwaku Nehemia]

[Text]

cso:

THE Crops Research
Institute has bred new
varieties of seed maize
of high quality and yield
which are to be intro-
duced to farmers next
year by the Grains De-
velopment Board
(GDB).

This is to increase maize
production in future to en-
able Ghana to obtain self
sufficiency in the produc-
tion of the crop and also
help the maize export
scheme initiated by the
government.

This was disclosed by
Dr. B. E. Ofosu, Executive
Director of Grains Deve-
lopment Board, during an
inspection tour of projects
being undertaken by the

3400/1013

VARIETIES

English 16 Aug 85

board under a joint CIDA-
Ghana Government
Grains Development Pro-
ject.

The new varieties are
Ejura 7843; locally known
as “Dobidi,” and Tuxpeno
PBC-16 locally called
“Abroti

According to Dr Ofosu,
both varieties take very
short periods to grow and
mature for harvest. “Dobi-
di” takes 140 days (from
sowing to maturity) for
harvest while the “Abro-
tia” takes between 90 and
105 days.

He further explained
that the “Abrotia” was
specially bred for particu-
lar areas such as the Nort-
hern and Upper Regions
where they experience
short rainy seasons.

21

p 8

The executive director
said the Juaben Traditio-
nal Council has given the
GDB 200 acres of land free
of charge for the cultiva-
tion and multiplication of
the new varieties.

Mr Robert Asuboah,
Assistant Development
Officer in charge of the
New Bomfa Project where
the new breed is under
cultivation, explained that
in addition, the GDB is
introducing a new kind of
cow pea known as TVX
2724-O1F locally known as
“Adua Soronko” to farm-
ers in the next two years.

He further explained

that the new cow pea crop-

which is high yielding and
pest-resistant is of a higher
quality when compared to
the local one.

IJPRS+SSA*85+093
2 October 1985

GHANA


JPRS+SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

TGFA JUNIOR SPECIALISTS COURSE--The fourth course for junior specialists in
the Angolan Border Guard Troops (TGFA), held at the Farol Military Instruction
Center (Negage), belonging to the first political-military region, was con-
cluded Friday with a ceremony presided over by Uije Provincial Commissioner
Zeferino Estevao Juliana. In his speech at the ceremony, Zeferino Estevao
Juliana stressed the role of the TGFA in the defense of the country's borders
and urged the combatants who had completed the course to put the knowledge
they had acquired into practice. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in
Portuguese 10 Jul 85 p 3} 8568

FISH CANNING FACILITY CONSTRUCTED--Namibe--The N'Gola Kiluanje mackerel-
canning plant, located in the municipality of Tombua and shut down for 2
years due to the lack of cans, now has cans available since last Friday,
according to information given to JORNAL DE ANGOLA by a source connected
with the provincial office of the Ministry of Fisheries. The construction
of the plant's own can-producing facility was handled by the Italian company,
MACFOND, took only 3 months, according to the same source, and was financed
by the EEC; the facility is capable of producing 14 million cans per year.
"Prior to this time," the source emphasized, "the tins used in preserving
and shipping the fish were imported from Spain, and this greatly affected
the production of the N'Gola Kiluanje center, one of the largest fish pro-
cessors in Namibe Province. It should be pointed out that the cost of the
equipment and its installation, although not revealed, was less than the
total value of the cans coming from Spain. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA
in Portuguese 10 Jul 85 p 3] 8568

NEW PROVINCIAL CHLEFS--Luena--Maj Joao Lourenco, provincial commissioner
of Mexico, recently installed two new provincial government chiefs in the
commissariat's stately hall. Lino Calandula and Bartolomeu Cateta were
installed in the positions of provincial deputy of housing and provincial
director of the firm, Grossista. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in
Portuguese 12 Jul 85 p 3] 8568

CSO: 3442/379



JPRS#SSA+85=093
2 October 1985

SOVIETS REHABILITATE TECHNICAL INSTITUTE--The Engineering Department of the
Tema Technical Institute (TTI) which has been abandoned since 1966 is now being
rehabilitated following an agreement signed between the Ghana and Soviet
Governments early this year. Training equipment are being assembled at the
institute under the agreement and the rehabilitation work is expected to be
completed by next October. According to Mr Pethenejskii, leader of a team of
five Soviet engineering experts who are undertaking the rehabilitation
programme, he and his colleagues are also working on a new syllabus for the
next academic year. Work on some of the machines which have been idle for the
past 20 years has been completed and they are awaiting painting. Mr Philip
Quaicoe, Principal of the Institute, commended the team for their attitude to
work and advised their Ghanaian counterparts to emulate them. [Text] [Accra
PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 20 Aug 85 p 1] [Article by Ian Brown Lartey
and Emmanuel Tettegah]

NON-TRADITIONAL EXPORTS IDENTIFIED--Ghana's non-traditional agricultural
products such as pinneaple, mango, copra, ginger and pepper have been de-
scribed as a good potential for the world market. A report prepared by
"FINTRACI', an international research consultancy for the Export Marketing
Division of the Commonwealth Secretariat on export opportunities for Third
World countries based in London, said agricultural products from Ghana, par-
ticularly pinneaple, mango, copra, ginger and pepper, had such unique tastes
and flavours that they could win good market among European consumers. [Text]
[Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 13 Aug 85 p 8]

COFFEE PACT SIGNED-~Ghana has signed the amended agreement of the Inter-African
Coffee Organization in Addis Ababa. Signatories of the agreement were Mr B.

K. Atepor, Ghana's Ambassador to Ethiopia, and the Deputy Executive Secretary
of the Economic Commission for Africa, Mr Tehouta Moussa. Ghana is the

fourth, after Ethiopia, Guinea and Equatorial Guinea out of the 20-member
countries to sign the amended agreement. [Text] Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in
English 14 Aug 85 p 1]

NEW PETROLEUM PRICES~~The National Petroleum Corporation has announced in-
creases in the prices of petroleum products which take immediate effect, ac-
cording to a Radio Ghana report. The report said prices of premium and
regular petrol have been increased from ¢95 and ¢90 to ¢105 and £100 per gal-
lon ‘respectively. The price of kerosine has also gone up from ¢50 to ¢55 per
gallon and gas oil from ¢80 to £85 gallon. Hours after the new fuel prices
were announced at the weekend, a section of drivers within Accra unilaterally
increased fares without waiting for directives from the Ministry of Transport
and Communications, according to "Graphic" investigations. For instance, tro-
tro drivers plying between Accra and Labadi were charging #8 instead of (6
which they were previously charging. A tro-tro driver plying between Accra
and Madina was however of the opinion that fares should go up because the
previous increase in prices of fuel did not attract any new fares. [Text]
[Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 12 Aug 85 p 8] .

NEW EXCHANGE RATE--A release from the Bank of Ghana at the week-end stated
that with effect from today, August 12, the exchange rate of the cedi will
be ¢57 to the US Dollar. [Text] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English
12 Aug 85 p 1]

26



JPRS*SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

REPAYMENT OF FOREIGN CREDITORS, RAND PURCHASES RESTRICTED

Pretoria GOVERNMENT GAZETTE in English 1 Sep 85 pp 1-3

{Text] Proclamation by the State President of the Republic of South Africa
No R. 157, 1985

The State President has, in terms of section 9 of the Currency and Exchanges Act
in 1933 (Act 9 of 1933), made the regulations as contained in the schedule.

Schedule
1. No person shall with effect from 2 September 1985 until 31 December 1985
make any payment to any foreign creditor except payment in a special restricted
account as defined in the Exchange Control Regulations promulgated in Government
Notice R. 1111 of 1 December 1961 and except payment in respect of--
(a) An agreement entered into by an importer for the importation of goods and
services including payments for freight, insurance and other costs relating to
such imports; .

(b) interest in accordance with a rate and reasonable costs payable on out-
standing loans as approved by the minister of finance;

(c) bearer bonds issued on behalf of the state including bearer bonds issued
on behalf of any state body, organisation or enterprise;

(d) loans guaranteed by a foreign government or an agency of such government.

(e) debts payable to international organisations of the United Nations or the
Bank .of International Settlement;

(£) obligations of the South African Reserve Bank;
(g) new loans, and interest and costs thereon as approved by the Minister of

Finance, granted on or after 2 September 1985 by any person in the Republic
and which are not for the replacement of existing loans, or

95



IJPRS#SSA+85+093
2 October 1985
Shippers' Official Denies Charges

Oslo AFTENPOSTEN in Norwegian 10 Jul 85 p 4

[Article by Elvind Fossheim: "Secret Calls of Ships on South Africa: No
Norwegian Ships Disclosed After 1980"]

[Text] In spite of enormous secretiveness around the transport of oil to
South Africa and the many crafty methods which have been used in order to
conceal shipments, since 1980 no Norwegian ship has been disclosed which
attempted to conceal its identity during the unloading of oil there. At the
Shipping Research Bureau in Amsterdam, which registers calls of ships on
South Africa, AFTENPOSTEN was informed that that time it concerned a Norwegian
ship which entered a South African port with a covered name.

But at the Dutch bureau it is emphasized that registration work is very time
consuming and that it cannot be totally disregarded that Norwegian ships could
have sneaked in with a concealed identity. With the many kinds of methods
which are used in the transport of oil to South Africa, it is immensely diffi-
cult to disclose situations against the rules. Ships often give a false
destination, they pump oil over to another vessel on the open sea, change
names while unloading, or make use of falsified papers. For example, the
Dutch bureau claims to have discovered that Norwegian ships, too, have given
false ports.

It was Former Seaman's Chaplain Knut Harald Seth in Durban who in an interview
with NRK's correspondent in Africa stated that Norwegian ships are going in
secrecy to ports in South Africa. According to the seaman's chaplain, Nor-
wegian oil traffic to Durban had increased in the first few months of this
year.

Contention Regarding Several Calls

Trade Ministry Undersecretary Arne Synnes points out that the information from
Knut Harald Seth regarding the fact that calls of Norwegian ships at Durban in
South Africa have increased by 50 percent from last year is based on figures
for the first three to four months of this year. It is much too early to
make a statement on the trend in light of such tentative figures, but it is
disturbing, Synnes believes.

The Trade Ministry has taken the initiative for a meeting with the ministers
in Liberia, Panama and Greece in order to try to have an international action
coordinated against South Africa. The ministry is also working on a bill
which can give legal authority to register all Norwegian ships which go to
South African ports.

According to the shipowners association there has been some increase in the
number of Norwegian ships to South Africa in the first five months of this
year. "A total of 23 Norwegian ships have called on ports in South Africa
with crude oil, gasoline and chemicals in the first five months of 1985. The
figure last year was 24 ships, while there were 21 calls in the same period
in 1983," shipowners association Section Chief Erik Aamodt reports to NIB
[Norwegian Wire Service].

88


JPRS*SSA485+093
2 October 1985

BOTSWANA

MORE REFUGEES TOLD TO LEAVE
Gaborone THE GUARDIAN in English 2 Aug 85 p 1

, can pressures that they

ment, but as he began to
want every refugee .

[Text] 4 general clean-
settle down he concen-

ing-up operation

against South Afri-
can refugees in Bo-
tswana = gained
another momentum
this week when
more than 24 exiles
were asked by
Government to
leave Botswana as
soon as possible
“for their own
 galety”. a

Reliable sources in
Gaborone informed The
Guardian that the latest
list of 24 was given to
the African National
Congress Represen-
tative. It includes a
senior lecturer at the
University of Botswana,
an exiled South African
Jawyer who has been
doing part-time teaching
in Gaborone and one of
the survivors of the June
14 SADF raid.

The latest list, obser-
vers believe, has come
to add more frustration
arid gloom to the whole
South African refugee
community who have
even before the June 14
raid been quite uncom-
fortable about their fu-
ture in the country. The
whole thing is seen as a

response to South Afri- '

from their country out
of Botswana.

But Government has
consistently denied that
refugees asked to leave
the country “for their
own safety” have in fact
been included in a list
from the South African
government. One refu-
gee who was very bitter
over the order to leave
said: “If I want tol may
even refuse to leave. My
life is my life and if I die
it is not anybody's
business.”

What has confused a
number of people is the
fact that some of the
people have had no
connection whatsoever
with any of the South
African ~ liberation
movements and have
only been minding their

own business working -

for a living. This is the

" case with one who has
worked for the Ministry
of Local Government
and Lands who has
been based at Kgalaga-
di as an economist for
more than eight years
contributing positively
to the country’s nation-
al development.

On arrival in Bo-
tswana in the seventies
this particular refugee
belonged to the Black
Consciousness Move-

trated on his job and
had nothing practically
to do with politics. He
psctmarsicd tua Niue
tswana woman from
Mochudi in December
last year, and just when
they were beginning to
plan for a family the
“axe of expulsion” from
{ the country also fell on
him. When he reported
to his employers he was
told by the Establish-
| ment Secretary in his
Ministry “Rra, there is
nothing we can do for
you. In fact we also are
advising you to leave.
We are prepared to ex-
pedite all your gratui-
ties.” This was his bo-

i nus for years of con-

tributing to Botswana's
development.
Meanwhile, yet
another refugee is faced:
by the prospect of home-
Jessness after his land-
lord's decision to evict
him. The man, who
came to Botswana in the
late seventies, says he
has been “sleeping in
my car for the past eight
days”, since his land-
lord asked him to leave.
The landlord felt he
risked the demolition of
his property if he al-
lowed his house to be
occupied by a refugee.


immediately begin unilateral boycott measures against South Africa. Norway's
trade with South Africa increased by 12 percent from January to May this

year, compared with the same period last year, figures from the Central Statis-
tical Bureau show.

Exports of goods and services increased by 19 percent, to 273 million kroner
the first five months of this year. Imports of goods increased by 1.8 percent
to 162 million kroner. Trade between Norway and South Africa through the

port of Oslo was reduced by 12 percent by volume the first quarter of this
year as compared with 1984.

For the country as a whole, trade with South Africa increased by 1.7 percent

by volume. Imports rose by 2.4 percent, while exports dropped by 23.5 percent
as compared with last year. As far as the port of Oslo is concerned, imports
of goods have been almost halved by volume, from 510 tons in the first quarter
of last year to 250 tons in the first quarter of this year. The reduction

took place within the fresh fruit and nuts group of goods. Exports through the
port of Oslo increased both by value and volume.

“Measures Carried Out"

"Several of the measures LO is demanding that the government begin against
South Africa have already been carried out. In accordance with a Scandinavian
action plan from 1978, new investments are forbidden and Scandinavian firms
have been urged to restrict any production," Trade Ministry Information
Secretary Tor Husby says. He says also that Norway has begun a number of
unilateral measures such as not giving State guarantees for exports, not giving
exchange permits for Norwegian investments, not carrying out export-promoting
measures, and making a political assessment in applications for a license for
the export of ships to South Africa. .

Norwegian Shipowners Association Director Rolf Hasselg&rd reports that the
association has been in contact with several shipowners in order to investigate
reports regarding the keeping of double logbooks and falsified papers. "All
the shipping companies we have been in contact with say that they are totally
unacquainted with double logbooks and falsified papers," Hasselg&rd says.

8985
CSO: 3639/139

94


JPRS*SSA*854093
2 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

GAS IMPORT DEPOT--A R15-million propylene gas import terminal is nowunder constructionat
at the Richards Bay bulk storage site for Safripol, a joint-venture between Sentrachem
and Hoechst South Africa wnich nas plastic raw material manufacturing facilities
at Sasolburg. The terminal, with a capacity of 4,000 tons, is due for completion
in the third quarter of 1986. Managing director of Safripol, Mr Glen Carter,

said the gas, shipped in liquid form in tankers from overseas will be bulk-stored
in Richards Bay and then transported to Sasolburg in railway tank cars. In the
Sasolburg plant it will be converted into Hostalin polypropylene plastic granules.
Mr Carter said the new storage tanks would help to solve a major problem. "For
the past 12 months, Safripol has been dependent on gas supply from refineries in
Durban which, however, do not have sufficient capacity to meet our demands. "We
have had to make up the shortfall as best we can from imported sources. "We have
a capacity of some 40,000 tons of polypropylene raw material a year at Sasolburg
for South Africa plastic industry. "Because of the gas shortage, we have been
unable to produce our maximum," he said. “With bulk storage facilities in
Richards Bay we will be able to ensure that we have adequate supplies all the
time." [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Sep 85 p 28]

cso: 3400/1153

99



The closing ceremony concluded with thousands of people dancing to the sound
of the military band, a demonstration which extended until nightfall and also
witnessed by Maj Gen Marcelino dos Santos and other leadership cadres on the
local level.

2909
CSO: 3442/385

62


JPRS+SSA+854093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

MARROMEU WOMEN TRATNED AS MILITIAS--In the Marromeu District, in Sofala,
during the first semester of this year five hundred women have already been
trained as militias in the areas of political and military preparation.

This fact was revealed a number of days ago in the city of Beira, while
reporting on the activities of the Secretariat of the Mozambique Woman's
Organizaation [OMM] for that District. The provincial seminar which lasted
four days took place in the provincial capital of Sofala. The document

adds that the women are currently undertaking patrol actions, -among other
activities, at work and residential sites. During the same period, the

OMM in Marromeu has brought about a movement among the peasants in the family
sector with regard to the need for crop diversification in their plots,

with the objective of enriching their diet. A total of eight shifts of
volunteer work were performed, involving more than 100 members of that people's
organization. During these, there was planting of sugar cane, cleaning

of the town, the local cemetery and the schools, and other activity sectors.
At the conclusion of the tasks, the seminar's participants contributed an
amount of 8963 Meticais for the support of the victims of the armed bandits
in Sofala. The four-day seminar was headed by Rosalina Lumbela, member

of the Central Committee and the OMM's Provincial Secretary in Sofala.

[Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 7 Aug 85 p 2] 12987

RESETTLEMENT IN VILANCULO--More than 450 family groups, totaling about 2500
people, will be resettled in the future Community Village of Madumane, in
Vilanculo District, Province of Inhambane. Those families are part of the
11,000 people who currently find themselves about to reside in the Community
Village of Pambarra, located 20 kilometers (12.4 miles) from the Vilanculo
District Headquarters. The people are being moved as a result of the improve-
ment in the military situation in the Vilanculo District. In Madumane 560
blocks were marked for housing and an area over 60 hectares (148.2 acres)

was opened for agricultural production. It is projected that, before next
September, the families which are going to live in the future Communal Village
of Madumane will receive seeds so that they may produce in the next agri-
cultural campaign... An elementary school will be built to allow school
children to study in the next school year. Meanwhile, telephone communica-
tions were recently reestablished from the Vilanculo District Headquarters

to Inhassoro and Mapinhane, after 3 years of shutdown due to the action

of the armed bandits. As revealed by the Vilanculo administrator, Eduardo Gimo,
this fact is related to the improvement in the military situation. He added
that the reestablishment of telephone communications between Vilanculo and
Massinga will take place within a short time. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in
Portuguese 7 Aug 85 p 2] 12987

68


provinces, by air from the Comoros. Of these routes, the Comorian connection
was the most discreet and remained a well-kept secret. The Comorian route
became widely known at the end of 1984, to the acute embarrassment of President
Pieter Botha in Pretoria. After signing in March with Mozambique the Nkomati
Accord which included the commitment to cease support for the MNR, Pretoria
was supposed to have clean hands.

Were the mercenaries handling the transhipments in the islands, or Abdallah, or
both? If so, were they being paid for their cooperation and/or services out

of the standing arrangement via Luxembourg, or had they found themselves a new
paymaster and an additional source of income? By this time the American
ambassador, Robert Keating, and his Soviet counterpart, Mikhail Orlov (generally
considered a most proficient KGB officer), based in Madagascar and the Seychelles
respectively, were chasing their own and one another's tails around the Comoros.

Some of the arms destined for the MNR were arriving, it seems, in medium-sized
jets belonging to an Omani company (with British connections) which, like Gabon's
airline, had been heavily engaged in Rhodesian sanctions-busting. They would
have been transferred to smaller, propellor-driven aircraft for the drops into
Mozambique. Other arms arrived from South Africa by air and sea for on-passing
to the MNR. Incoming arms shipments in commercialized jets landed at the inter-
national airport on Grande-Comore, the only one capable of receiving them, while
smaller aircraft used a new strip on Anjouan, almost certainly built by South
African engineers.

Though elements of the South African military did support the MNR after the
signing of the Nkomati accord, the South African Government had by now become most
interested in preserving, at all costs, air links between South Africa and
Europe.

The Europe Life-line

Pik Botha, the South African foreign minister, at the end of last year visited
the Comoros during a concerted effort to open up an eastern air route to Europe.
His travels took in Mogadishu--again with a view to landing and refuelling
rights--where the deal offered was sweetened with promises of arms and an agree-
ment to pay $600,000 towards the cost of 10 former Rhodesian pilots who are
training the Somali Air Force. The repayment expected of President Siad Barre
was to lean on Sudan and Egypt to grant SAA overflight rights (AC Vol 26 No 7).

South Africa tried to force the pace of the opening up of the eastern route by
operating flights from Johannesburg via the Comoros to Jeddah; Saudi Arabia,
officially for the convenience of South African muslims making their pilgrimage.
The aircraft used was an SAA Boeing 737 repainted in Air Comores livery and
flown by South African crews issued with Comorian passports. Saudi Arabia
stopped the flights when they became a public embarrassment. The latest
variation on the theme is an arrangement whereby South African crews (using
their original passports) fly to Europe as Air Mauritius in a South African
Boeing 747, although the aircraft is being leased and paid for on normal
commercial terms. (South Africa, in turn, has at least one 747SP on ease from
Singapore Airlines).

13



(h) any amount approved in the discretion of the Minister of Finance or a person
designated by him for this purpose from an account with a registered financial
institution of a person resident outside the republic.

(i) any payment of a current nature as provided for in the Exchange Control
Regulations as promulgated in Government Notice R. 1111 of 1 December 1961.

2. A banking institution which has established or acquired a subsidiary or opened
a branch office outside the Republic shall with effect from 2 September 1985 take
the necessary steps to freeze the repayment of liabilities of such subsidiary

or branch office except in resvect of—-

(a) the discharge of anv liability arising from the realisation of anv asset
which is held by such subsidiarv or branch office outside the Republic; or

(b) any liability of less than 50,000 rand or an equivalent amount of any foreign
currency in respect of any single depositor.

3. The Exchange Control Regulations as promulgated in Government Notice R. 1111
of 1 December 1961 are amended with effect from 2 September 1985 as specified in
Annexure A.

4, The Minister of Finance or a person designated by him shall be empowered to
exempt any person in part or wholly and on the conditions he deems fit from the
provisions of these regulations.

5. Any person who contravenes any provisions of regulations 1 or 2 shall be
guilty of an offence and liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding R250,000
or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding 5 years, or to both such fine
and imprisonment.

Given under my Hand and the Seal of the Republic of South Africa at Pretoria this
First day of September, One Thousand Nine Hundred and Eighty-five.

P. W. Botha,
State President.

By Order of the State President-in-Cabinet:
B. J. Du Plessis,
Minister of the Cabinet.

J. P. Roux,
Secretary of the Cabinet.

96


cso:

3400/1126

Coast nominated Lt-Col Baidoo to fill
his ‘‘old post’’.

Baidoo then informed the PNDC
through the delegation of chiefs who
made representations on his behalf that
he will only accept the office of
regional Secretary on condition that he
is re-instated with full military title.
His wish was granted without hesita-
tion. Thus Lt-Col Baidoo (not retired)
is the only serving military officer to
live through military regimes and
hopefully more.

18


JPRS*SSA4854093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

HIGH-LEVEL MEETING TO STUDY MAPUTO URBAN SITUATION
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 14 Aug 85 p 1

[Text] A group of measures aimed at solving the problems of the city of Maputo
was approved yesterday, at a meeting headed by President Samora Machel. With
the intent of making Maputo a model city, the group of measures is intended
to improve the living conditions of nearly a million residents of the capital
of the People's.Republic of Mozambique, by improving the services to be
rendered by the Executive Council. Hence, the revamped form of this organ
has been cited as the essential agency that will have to perform 13 tasks
considered to be fundamental. Participating in this meeting were members of
the FRELIMO Party's Politbureauand Central Committee, of the People's Assembly
Standing Commission and of the Council of Ministers, as well as state secre-
taries, party and state officials from the most varied echelons in the state
apparat and from enterprises as well as others.

This meeting was divided into two parts: The first, which took place on 29 and
30 July, served to hold a discussion on the survey of the problems affecting
various areas of the nation's capital, with special emphasis on supplies,
transportation and defense and security forces.

This survey was made by commissions, involving cadres from various sectors of
activity, from both the party and the state apparat and enterprises, serving
on the central commission which planned and organized the celebrations of
the 10th anniversary of national independence.

The second part of the meeting took place yesterday, to submit proposals for
a set of measures. These proposals were distributed by commissions which
have been working from the end of last month until yesterday.

The measures will be implemented under the direction of the central commission,
headed by Jorge Rebelo, members of the Politbureau and first secretary of the
FRELIMO Party's committee in the city of Maputo.

At the decision of the Politbureau, after the 25 June celebrations, that
central commission remained active, resulting in the work accomplished to
date. The existence of this central commission accounts for the manner in
which the 10th anniversary festivities were successfully planned and organized.

47



"The registration of Norwegian ships which sail to South Africa must be
begun immediately."

"A new initiative should be promoted to get more countries to register inter-
national shipping to South Africa."

"Propose a UN conference between oil-producing and oil-transporting countries
in order to chart and enact an international ban against the exportation and

transport of oil to South Africa."

"The government should defray the danger of counter measures by the South
African government and measures to soften the effects of reprisal measures.

ee
In the letter to’ the aluminum industry from LO and the Norwegian Chemical

Industry Labor Federation it is pointed out that an especially important area
in economic relations between Norway and South Africa is associated with

aluminum products.

Norsk Hydro Information Director Odd Gullberg tells AFTENPOSTEN that Hydro
uses extremely little electrolytic manganese in its aluminum production.

"We have no agreement with any country regarding such orders, but we buy it
on the open market where it is cheapest," Gullberg says. He adds that Norsk
Hydro will shortly receive a shipment of electrolytic manganese from the USA
which will be sufficient for a half year's production.

"To start with, we will try to shun electrolytic manganese which we know comes
from South Africa and will instead try to get hold of. the product other places
for an equivalent price," he says.

Norsk Hydro also imports phosphate from South Africa for its fertilizer pro-
duction.

"We are dependent on a certain quality for phosphate in order to get our
manufacturing plant to function technically. The phosphate we buy from South
Africa is well suited to this production process. We have bought somewhat less
phosphate from South Africa this year than previously. We are making an
evaluation and are trying to come up with other suppliers, but this is a

price question," Gullberg says.

Knut Frydenlund: "Blacklist All Ships"

Ex-Foreign-Affairs-Minister Knut Frydenlund said at a press conference in
Oslo on Wednesday that an international boycott of all ships which sail to
South Africa should be carried out.

Frydenlund said that a blacklisting can be carried out by ships' which demon-

strably have transported oil to Seuth Africa being refused oil cargos in the
future.

92


JPRS*SSA#85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

NEW ITALIAN PROJECT TO AID MAPUTO'S GREEN ZONES
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 15 Aug 85 p 10

[Text] Production in Maputo's green zones will receive
a substantial boost in the near future with the inception
of a new assistance project in that sector, furnished by
Italy in the amount of $2.5 million. Among other things,
the project contemplates the establishment of a center
for training and qualifying cadres associated with the
area's production. Moreover, the same program provides
for the establishment of bases for the utilization of
land in the Matola and Infulene areas. The director of
the Agency for Technical Cooperation of the Cooperatives
of Italy (COOPTECNITAL), who divulged this information,
met with officials of the green zones to whom he sub-
mitted the proposal (of the project) for their approval.

Interviewed by our newspaper, the director of COOPTECNITAL stated that the new
Project presented to the organizations which direct the green zones in the
country's capital is providing a basis for improvement of the production
conditions which presently characterize that sector.

Hence, in addition to general assistance which includes the supply of
equipment, the project also provides for training in various areas, from
instruction in the techniques in agriculture and animal breeding and the
training of technicians in equipment maintenance to the establishment of a
machine shop for maintenance services in that sector.

The training program includes the erection of a training center. The courses
to be given at the future center will be attended by cooperants and other
interested individuals connected with production in the green zones of the
nation's capital.

Finding Solutions for Matola and Infulene
The new project aimed at providing assistance to Maputo's green zones, whose
financing is being arranged by the Italian Government in the amount of $2.5

million (approximately 100,000 contos), includes another element, that of
using land in the Infulene and Matola areas.

30


[Boxed item]
Some Opposition

The reshuffling, renaming and realignment of Comorian political parties over
the Past 20 years defies concise description. The general pattern reflects
the domination of feudal figures being gradually eroded, but not eliminated

(pace Abdallah), by ad hoc groupings. The exile groups follow the same
tendency.

~-The Democratic Front (DF), if only by virtue of being the target for the post-
mutiny arrests in March, is the closest thing to a party in or out of the islands.
A coalition of secular, leftish, largely French-educated people, the DF is led

in Paris by the moderate Dr Mohammed Monjoin, a physician. The party envisages

a united Comoros (including Mayotte) with membership of the OAU. It would

retain some ties with France--which it feels owes the islands compensation for
colonial mismanagement--but would try to avoid dependence on foreign powers,
especially South Africa. One of the practical difficulties facing it is a
reconciliation of its cosmopolitan-minded exiles with the more conservative,
muslim island population.

—~Said Ali Kemal represents himself rather than a party. He banks on what he
sees as the inherited popularity of his father, a traditional prince who stuck
to a pro-French line during the independence wrangling. Kemal was Abdallah's
ambassador to France from the 1978 mercenary take-over until July 1980, when
he resigned in a dispute over ministerial changes. He has lived modestly

in Paris since, keeping in touch with French Government contacts from his
ambassadorial days and acting as an informal broker among exile groups. He
regrets the publicity surrounding his attempt, soon after his resignation, to
recruit mercenaries for his own coup. Kemal is closely attended by his son-in-law,
Hilali, a somewhat brazen businessman in electronics who appears happy to let
his elderly relative make the running for the time being.

--Abdallah Mouzaoir, head of the URDC, is a political jack-in-the-box. It was he
who demanded French intervention in 1975 to prevent Abdallah becoming a dictator.
He then served as Soilih's foreign minister, and after the 1978 coup made peace
with Abdalah, to whom he is related by marriage. He has lived in Paris for the
past two years keeping some distance from the other exiles because, it is

said, he would not regret a reconciliation with Abdallah, to whom a number of
URDC members have defected. His aide in Paris is Yves Lebret.

--Mohammed Taki, once president of the federal assembly, is a political veteran
who served for a time as Abdallah's "Dauphin" but has been in exile since
November 1984. His assistant, Amois Assoumani, is on good terms with the DF
and has publicly supported their six-point platform, which begins with a demand
for the removal of Abdallah and the mercenaries,

--Abdallah's rivals within the islands prudently keep their heads dom. If
there were to be a local successor, however, the names mentioned are Ahmed Abdu,
a minister of state, and Ali Mroudjae. The latter, a former Abdallah prime
minister and foreign minister, has at present a portfolio that includes state
security, internal affairs and justice. After the 8 March mutiny his house was
searched. His son-in-law and a cousin were among those arrested.

[end of boxed item]
14


JPRS*SSA*85+093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

MERCHANT MARINE ACQUIRES NEW SHIP
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 16 Aug 85 p 10

{Text] Our country has just acquired a new 1,200 ton cargo ship, which has
been operating in our waters since 1981. This ship, considered a pilot model
within the scope of the new administration which NAVIQUE [National Maritime
Transportation Fleet] plans to put into effect, will be able to operate with-
out any major problems for at least 15 years. In this connection, a document
was signed yesterday afternoon in Maputo formalizing the acquisition of the
ship, to be christened "Save."

In the presence of Alcantara Santos, minister of ports, railroads and merchant
marine, the document was signed by Orland Joao Come of NAVIQUE and Gununnar
Asly of the Norwegian company, Roderset Stenersen. Also present at the
ceremony were Ilidio Dinis, director of the port of Maputo and other officials.

Information obtained on this occasion indicates that the ship, which has just
now been acquired by our country, has a cargo capacity of about 1,200 tons and
was sent to Mozambique for the first time in 1981 in connection with a freight
contract,

Orlando Joao Come said that he believes that this ship can operate without any
major problems for at least 15 years.

In the near future a contract will be signed with the ship's former owner
providing for technical assistance and support in the form of officers.

"The "Save," which we have just acquired, will serve as a model for the new
type of administration which our enterprise plans to implement. This is an
extremely important acquisition," said Orland Joao Come on the occasion in
question.

The NAVIQUE official also said that the "Save" will serve as a launching point
in coastal shipping programs in the southern African area.

Lastly, the minister of ports, railroads and merchant marine said the NAVIQUE
was playing an important role in our country and that this cooperative effort
should be pursued.

8568
CSO: 3442/392

58


JPRS*SSA*85+093
2 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

TRANSMITTER BEING BUILT--The Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation, ZBC, is building
a radio transmitter which will beam programs in Venda to counter Radio Truth,
which broadcasts from South Africa. This’ was disclosed to the House of
Assembly by the Minister of Information, Posts, and Teiecommunications,

Comrade Nathan Shamuyarira. Comrade Shamuyarira added that when the transmitter
development program is completed, no areas in the country will not be exposed
to ZBC's programs. He revealed that the area covered by television in 1980

was only 26 percent of the country, and that this has not increased to 43
percent while the program content is also ‘being increased from 21 percent in
1980 to 45 percent. [Text] [Harare Domestic Service in English 0400 GMT

29 Aug 85 MB]

MEDIA FREE FROM GOVERNMENT CONTROL--The deputy minister of information, posts,
and telecommunications, Comrade Naomi Nhiwatiwa, says the media in Zimbabwe
is not subject to government control. Comrade Nhiwatiwa rejected as untrue,
allegations by some senators yesterday that the reportage on the run-up to
the election had been biased in favor of the ruling party. She told the
senate that the media is free from government control, adding that during

the election it published the views of a wide political spectrum ranging

from progressive to outright fascism. [Text] [Harare Domestic Service in
English 0500 GMT 4 Sep 85 MB]

RADIO NETWORK ALMOST COMPLETED--The installation of the military radio network,
known at (Marnet), for South Africa and South-West Africa has aimost been
completed. Our military correspondent reports that the system was speciaily
developed to provide communication facilities to military and civil commandos
in sensitive or remote areas. The system operates 24 hours per day. [Text]
[Johannesburg Domestic Service in Afrikaans 1400 GMT 30 Aug 85 MB]

cso: 3400/1056 END

111



JPRS#SSA+85+093
2 October 1985

ANGOLA

PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS IN LUANDA TO RECEIVE 'NON-ALIGNED'
Lisbon 0 JORNAL in Portuguese 9 Aug 85 p 27

[Text] Luanda, the capital of Angola, became a giant shipyard, Everywhere
Angolan and foreign companies rushed frantically to repair the streets,

the sidewalks, the gutters, the hotels, the press center, All in order

to receive the Non-Aligned Conference at the beginning of September.

The meeting caused a leap in the work of renewing the capital, which had
been practically abandoned since independence, and awoke a great hope among
the Luandans, who will inherit modern infrastructures.

According to Minister of Planning Lopo do Nascimento, who presides over

the committee responsible for the preparations, a budget of 750 million
kwanzas is projected for the repairs, which will permit the undertaking

of long-planned works, including the renovation or the construction of build-
ings to house the foreign participants. Not having apartments, the partici-
pants, who will be coming from the East and the West, will occupy the majority
of hotels.

Parallel with this material renovation, Angola, which this year celebrates
the tenth anniversary of its independence, is preparing for the Congress
of the MPLA - the party in power - in December.

Preparations for the Congress will take place at all levels: in the neighbor-
hood committees, in the field, in the heart of the popular assembly, which
only has a consultant role, and in the central committee, which met last

week and will meet again in December.

The economic reforms are among the main points to be studied, according

to the Planning Minister, for although the war is a burden on the country's
current situation, not everything can be attributed to it. Military expenses
were estimated at less than 50 percent of the budget - which western sources
believe to be 60 percent - while still stressing the burden represented

by the war in terms of material and human resources.

Reestablishment of Private Commerce

For Lopo do Nascimento it is necessary to reestablish commercial channels
and to give the peasant the place he deserves. He said that "It is necessary



Sig. Bergesen d.y. [Jr.] & Co, shipping company has called on ports in South
Africa with a concealed identity,

deny that anything of the sort has taken Place. ‘The shipowners association
is reacting strongly against the fact that Trade Ministry Undersecret any
Arne Synnes in a press release furthered the rumor regarding secret calls of

the shipowners association and the shipping company. Shipowners association
Director Rolf Hasselg&rd in a letter to Undersecretary Synnes writes that he

with his press release has sown doubts regarding the shipowners association's
and individual shipowners! credibility,

"We must request that the ministry immediately present the necessary documenta—
tion of the alleged violations of the law. The results ought to be made known
as early as possible," Director Hasselg&rd writes,

the Trade Ministry was not to sow doubts regarding either the shipowners
association's or individual shipowners" activities as far as the shipping of
oil to South Africa is concerned,

seaman.

Both the Sig. Bergesen d.y. & Co. shipping company and the ship's captain
earlier categorically denied to the Foreign Affaits Ministry that the tanker
was to have ‘called on South African ports with the name of the ship and the
shipping company painted over,

Bergesen shipping company Operations Chief Sam Alshager tells AFTENPOSTEN that
the ship which is supposedly referred to is the "Berge Pioneer," The tanker
was not at the position it was stated to be at when according to the rumor

it was to have gone to ports in South Africa with a concealed identity.

Alshager says also that it is technically impossible to Paint over the ship's
and shipping company's names with the limited number of crew members who are
on board at any one time,

"Then we would have had to paint the entire ship, We have neither time nor
Money for this," Alshager Says,

90


This is the 2d year in which the French Government, through the CCCE, is
participating in special programs for the marketing of cashew nuts, the first
having been in Nampula.

In this province seven districts were chosen, being the biggest producers of
cashew nuts: Moma, Mogovolas, Angoche, Erati, Meconta, Monapo and Mogincual.
The objective was to market 15,500 tons.

In this regard, the AGRICOM director-general said that, although this objective
was not achieved, the results which were achieved were satisfactory inasmuch
as 95 percent of the goal was reached, or 15,100 tons.

It was on the basis of the results obtained in the past harvest that the CCCE
decided to extend its support to more districts of Nampula and to the
provinces of Gaza and Inhambane.

In the last campaign the districts of Moma and Angoche marketed great
quantities of cashew nuts, but this did not happen in Erati which marketed
much less than its potential.

The Nampula districts, chosen for the first special marketing program,
received various products, articles of clothing and commerical equipment.

Meanwhile, there was a delay in the arrival of the vehicles which should have
been delivered to’ the business people throughout the campaign but which did
not arrive in the country until April.

Great efforts are being made at the central level at the present time aimed
at better organization in the next campaign.

The cashew nut sector is one of the few sectors which is now benefiting from
the new system of currency-exchange administration through which part of the
income in foreign currency from the export of cashew nuts is reinvested in
the sector.

8568
cso: 3442/392

35



Annexure A
Amendment of the Exchange Control Regulations
The Exchange Control Regulations R. 1111 of 1 December 1961, are hereby amended by--
(a) inserting the following regulation 4A after Regulation 4:
"Special Restricted Accounts and Prohibition on Repayments of Foreign Liabilities

4.A (1) In this regulation 'special restricted account' means an account opened
with an authorized dealer for the purposes specified in the succeeding sub-
regulations.

(2) No person shall, without the permission granted by the Treasury or a person
authorized by the Treasury and in accordance with such conditions as the Treasury
or such authorised person may impose, make a payment to or in favour of a person
resident outside the Republic in respect of the repayment of any foreign liability
except to make such payment to a special restricted account.

(3) Any payment made to a special restricted account in terms of this regulation
shall, to the extent of the sum paid, operate as a valid discharge to the person
making payment.

(4) Any interest payable on a credit balance in a special restricted account is
calculated at a rate determined by the Treasury.

(5) No sum standing to the credit of a special restricted account shall be dealt
with in any way except with permission granted by the Treasury or a person
authorised by the Treasury and in accordance with such conditions as the Treasury
or such authorised person may impose.

(6) The Treasury or a person authorized by the Treasury may grant exemption
from the provisions of this regulation and may authorise the refund to any person
of moneys paid by him into a special restricted account and to the extent of such
refund no payment shall be deemed to have been made for the purposes of sub-
regulation(3)."

(b) inserting the following regulation 14A after Regulation 14:

"Restriction on Purchase and Sale of Financial Rand

14.4 (1) No person shall, without permission granted by the Treasury or a person
authorized by the Treasury and in accordance with such conditions as the Treasury

or such authorized person may impose, buy, receive, acquire or sell, deliver,
dispose of or otherwise deal with any financial rand.

97



JPRS#SSA+85-093
2 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

VARIOUS COOPERATION PROJECTS WITH NORWAY DESCRIBED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 5 Aug 85 p2

[Text] This year, the Kingdom of Norway will place at Mozambique's disposal a
donation worth over $20 million, to execute economic development programs,
among other activities. In the fishing area, this month a Norwegian vessel is
arriving in Maputo which will work for about 2 years on researching fishing
resources in the maritime economic region of Maputo and Sofala Provinces.
Meanwhile, the Kingdom of Norway will be participating for the first time in
the Maputo International Fair [FACIM], and will be represented by seven large
companies, including Norconsult, which is making a study of the electrical
power distribution station in Cuamba, Niassa.

In the meantime, a high-level Mozambican delegation will visit the Scandinavian
countries, including Norway, probably during November, for meetings on coopera
tion between Mozambique and those countries; since it is deemed necessary to
find a basis for action aimed at extending and intensifying further still the
already considerable relations, especially in the economic and cultural realm.

This year, the granting of a donation of over $20 million for the cooperation
Programs between Mozambique and Norway is intended to aid the entire program for
rehabilitating the national economy. Recently, Mozambique and Norway discussed
programs for cooperation to be carried out.

Most likely during the second half of this month, Norway will send a boat to
our country that will work on the investigation of fishing resources in the
maritime economic region of Maputo and Beira. The vessel will remain here
about 2 years.

The most important areas included in the cooperation between Mozambique and the
Kingdom of Norway are electric power, merchant marine and backing for the
plastics industry.

In the field of electric power, Norway, through NORAD (Norwegian Agency for
International Development) is rendering aid ‘to Electricity of Mozambique, and
is also engaged in studies of the dam and electric power distribution center
for Cuamba, in Niassa Province.

38