EXHIBIT 3.1

                                  B Y - L A W S

                                       OF

                               CYTOGEN CORPORATION

                            (a Delaware corporation)

                           (as amended April 1, 1999)


                                    ARTICLE I

                                     OFFICES

     SECTION 1. OFFICES. The corporation shall maintain its registered office in
the State of Delaware at 100 West Tenth Street, City of Wilmington, County of
New Castle and its resident agent at such address is The Corporation Trust
Company. The Corporation may also have offices in such other places in the
United States or elsewhere as the Board of Directors may, from time to time,
appoint or as the business of the Corporation may require.

                                   ARTICLE II

                            MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

     SECTION 1. ANNUAL MEETINGS. Annual meetings of stockholders for the
election of directors and for such other business as may properly be conducted
at such meeting shall be held at such place, either within or without the State
of Delaware, and at such time and date as the Board of Directors shall determine
by resolution and set forth in the notice of the meeting. In the event that the
Board of Directors fails to so determine the time, date and place for the annual
meeting, it shall be held, beginning in 1981, at the principal office of the
Corporation at 10 o'clock A.M. on the last Friday in February of each year.

     SECTION 2. SPECIAL MEETINGS. special meetings of stockholders, unless
otherwise prescribed by statute, may be called by the Chairman of the Board, the
President or by resolution of the Board of Directors and shall be called by the
President or Secretary upon the written request of not less than 50% in interest
of the stockholders entitled to vote thereat. Notice of each special meeting
shall be given in accordance with Section 3 of this Article II. Unless otherwise
permitted by law, business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders
shall be limited to the purpose stated in the notice.


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     SECTION 3. NOTICE OF MEETINGS. Whenever stockholders are required or
permitted to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting,
which shall state the place, date and time of the meeting, and, in the case of a
special meeting, the purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be mailed
to or delivered to each stockholder of record entitled to vote thereat. Such
notice shall be given not less than ten (10) days nor more than sixty (60) days
before the date of any such meeting.

     SECTION 4. QUORUM. Unless otherwise required by law or the Certificate of
Incorporation, the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding stock
entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all meetings of
stockholders.

     SECTION 5. VOTING. Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of
Incorporation, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of
capital stock held by such stockholder. Upon the request of not less than 10% in
interest of the stockholders entitled to vote at a meeting, voting shall be by
written ballot. All elections of directors shall be decided by plurality vote.
Unless otherwise required by law, these By-laws or the Certificate of
Incorporation, all other corporate action shall be decided by majority vote of
the shares cast on the proposed action.

     SECTION 6. INSPECTORS. The Board of Directors may, in advance of any
meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspectors to act at such meeting
or any adjournment thereof. If any of the inspectors so appointed shall fail to
appear or act, the chairman of the meeting shall, or if inspectors shall not
have been appointed, the chairman of the meeting may, appoint one or more
inspectors. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his duties,
shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector at
such meeting with strict impartiality and according to the best of his ability.
The inspectors shall determine the number of shares of capital stock of the
Corporation outstanding and the voting power of each, the number of shares
represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, the validity and effect
of proxies, and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all
challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and
tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, determine the results, and do such acts
as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all stockholders.

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On request of the chairman of the meeting, the inspectors shall make a report in
writing of any challenge, request or matter determined by them and shall execute
a certificate of any fact found by them. No director or candidate for the office
of director shall act as an inspector of an election of directors.

     SECTION 7. CHAIRMAN OF MEETINGS. The Chairman of the Board of Directors of
the Corporation, if one is elected, or, in his absence or disability, the
President of the Corporation, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders.


     SECTION 8. SECRETARY OF MEETING. The Secretary of the Corporation shall act
as Secretary at all meetings of the stockholders. In the absence or disability
of the Secretary, the Chairman of the Board of Directors or the President shall
appoint a person to act as Secretary at such meetings.

     SECTION 9. LISTS OF STOCKHOLDERS. The officer who has charge of the stock
ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every
meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at
the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, showing the address of each
stockholder and the number and class of shares held by each. Such list shall be
open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the
meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior
to the meeting, el 'ther at a place within the city where the meeting is to be
held, which shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so
specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be
produced and kept at the meeting and may be inspected by any stockholder who is
present.

     SECTION 10. ACTION WITHOUT MEETING. Unless otherwise provided by the
Certificate of Incorporation, any action required by law to be taken at any
annual or special meeting of stockholders, or any action which may be taken at
such meetings, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without
a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be
signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum
number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a
meeting at which all shares entitled to vote were present and voted. Prompt
notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than
unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not
consented in writing.

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     SECTION 11. ADJOURNMENT. At any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation,
if less than a quorum be present, a majority of the stockholders entitled to
vote thereat, present in person or by proxy, shall have the power to adjourn the
meeting from time to time without notice other than announcement at the meeting
until a quorum shall be present. Any business may be transacted at the adjourned
meeting which might have been transacted at the meeting originally noticed. If
the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a new
record date, as provided for in Section 5 of Article V of these By-Laws, is
fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be
given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.

                                  ARTICLE III
                               BOARD OF DIRECTORS

     SECTION 1. POWERS. The property, business and affairs of the Corporation
shall be managed and controlled by its Board of Directors. The Board shall
exercise all of the powers and duties conferred by law except as provided by the
Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws.

     SECTION 2. NUMBER AND TERM. The number of directors shall be fixed at no
less than two nor more than seven. Within the limits specified above, the number
of directors shall be fixed from time to time by the Board. The Board of
Directors shall be elected by the stockholders at their annual meeting, and each
director shall be elected to serve for the term of one year and until his
successor shall be elected and qualify or until his earlier resignation or
removal. Directors need not be stockholders.

     SECTION 3. RESIGNATIONS. Any director may resign at any time. Such
resignation shall be made in writing, and shall take effect at the time
specified therein, and if no time is specified, at the time of its receipt by
the President or Secretary. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be
necessary to make it effective.

     SECTION 4. REMOVAL. Any director or the entire Board of Directors may be
removed either for or without cause at any time by the affirmative vote of the
holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote for the election of
directors at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders called for that
purpose. Vacancies thus created may be filled at such meeting by the affirmative

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vote of a majority of the stockholders entitled to vote, or, if the vacancies
not so filled, by the directors as provided in Section 5 of this Article III.


     SECTION 5. VACANCIES AND NEWLY CREATED DIRECTORSHIPS. Except as provided in
Section 4 of this Article III, vacancies occurring in any directorship and newly
created directorship may be filled by a majority vote of the remaining directors
then in office. Any director so chosen shall hold office for the unexpired term
of his predecessor and until his successor shall be elected and qualify or until
his earlier death, resignation or removal. The Board may not fill the vacancy
created by removal of a director by electing the director so removed.

     SECTION 6. MEETINGS. The newly elected. directors shall hold their first
meeting to organize the Corporation, elect officers and transact any other
business which may- properly come before the meeting. An annual organizational
meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held immediately after each annual
meeting of the stockholders, or at such time and place as may be noticed for the
meeting. Regular meetings of the Board may be held without notice at such places
and times as shall be determined from time to time by resolution of the
directors. Special meetings of the Board shall be called by the President or by
the Secretary on the written request of any director with at least two days'
notice to each director and shall be held at such place as may be determined by
the directors or as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting.

     SECTION 7. QUORUM, VOTING AND ADJOURNMENT. A majority of the total number
of directors or any committee thereof shall constitute a quorum for the
transaction of business. The vote of a majority of the directors present at a
meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board. In the
absence of a quorum, a majority of the directors present thereat may adjourn
such meeting to another time and place. Notice of such adjourned meeting need
not be given if the time and place of such adjourned meeting are announced at
the meeting so adjourned.

     SECTION 8. COMMITTEES. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by
a majority of the Board, designate one or more committees, including but not
limited to an Executive Committee and an Audit Committee, each such committee to

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consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board may
designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee to replace
any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. Any such
committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board, shall have and
may exercise all the powers and authority- of the Board of Directors in the
management of the business and, affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the
seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; but no
such committee shall have the power or authority to amend the Certificate of
Incorporation, adopt an agreement of merger or consolidation, recommend to the
stockholders the sale, lease, or exchange of all or substantially all of the
Corporation's properties and assets, recommend to the stockholders a dissolution
of the Corporation or a revocation of a dissolution or to amend these By-laws.
Unless a resolution of the Board expressly provides, no such committee shall
have the power or authority to declare a dividend or to authorize the issuance
of stock of the Corporation. All committees of the Board shall report their
Proceedings to the Board when recruited.

     SECTION 9. ACTION WITHOUT A MEETING. Unless otherwise restricted by the
Certificate of Incorporation or these By-laws, any action required or permitted
to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof
may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or any committee
thereof consent thereto in writing.

     SECTION 10. COMPENSATION. The Board of Directors shall have the authority
to fix the compensation of directors for their services. A director may also
serve the Corporation in other capacities and receive compensation therefor.


     SECTION 11. TELEPHONIC MEETING. Unless otherwise restricted by the
Certificate of Incorporation, members of the Board, or any committee designated
by the Board, may participate in a meeting by means of conference telephone or
similar communications equipment in which all persons participating in the
meeting can hear each other. Participation in such telephonic meeting shall
constitute the presence in person at such meeting.

                                   ARTICLE I'V

                                    OFFICERS

     SECTION 1. The officers of the Corporation shall include a President, a
Secretary and one or more subordinate officers, all of whom shall be elected by
the Board of Directors and who shall hold office for a term of one year and

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until their successors are elected and qualify or until their earlier
resignation or removal. In addition, the Board of Directors may elect a Chairman
of the Board,, one or more Vice Presidents, including an Executive Vice
President, a Treasurer and one or more Assistant Treasurers and one or more
Assistant Secretaries, who shall hold their office for such terms and shall
exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined from time to
time by the Board of Directors. The initial officers shall be elected at the
first meeting of the Board of Directors and, thereafter, at the annual
organizational meeting of the Board held after each annual meeting of the
stockholders. Any number of offices -may be held by the same person.

     SECTION 2. OTHER OFFICERS AND AGENTS. The Board of Directors may appoint
such other officers and agents as it deems advisable, who shall hold their
office for such terms and shall exercise and perform such powers and duties as
shall be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.

     SECTION 3. CHAIRMAN. The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall be a
member of the Board and shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors
and of the stockholders. In addition, the Chairman of the Board shall have such
powers and perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him
by the Board of Directors.

     SECTION 4. PRESIDENT. The President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of
the Corporation. He shall exercise such duties as customarily pertain to the
office of President and Chief Executive Officer, and shall have general and
active management of the property, business and affairs of the Corporation,
subject to the supervision and control of the Board. He shall perform such other
duties as prescribed from time to time by the Board or these By-laws.

     In the absence, disability or refusal of the Chairman of the Board to act,
or the vacancy of such office, the President shall preside at all meetings of
the stockholders and of the Board of Directors. Except as the Board of Directors
shall otherwise authorize, the President shall execute bonds, mortgages and
other contracts on behalf of the Corporation, and shall cause the seal to be
affixed to any instrument requiring it and, when so affixed, the seal shall be
attested by the signature of the Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant
Secretary or an Assistant Treasurer.

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     SECTION 5. VICE PRESIDENTS. Each Vice President, if any are elected, of
whom one or more may be designated an Executive Vice President, shall have such
powers and shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to him by the
President or the Board of Directors.

     SECTION 6. TREASURER. The Treasurer shall have custody of the corporate
funds, securities, evidences of indebtedness and other valuables of the
Corporation and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and
disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation. He shall deposit all moneys
and other valuables in -IL--he name and to the credit of the Corporation in such
depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The Treasurer shall
disburse the funds of the Corporation, taking proper vouchers therefor. He shall
render to the President and Board of Directors, upon their request, a report of
the financial condition of the Corporation. If required by the Board of
Directors, he shall give the Corporation a bond for the faithful discharge of
his duties in such amount and with such surety as the Board shall prescribe.

     The Treasurer shall have such further powers and perform such other duties
incident to the office of Treasurer as from time to time assigned to him by the
Board.

     SECTION 7. SECRETARY. The Secretary shall be the Chief Administrative
Officer of the Corporation and shall: (a) cause minutes of all meetings of the
stockholders and directors to be recorded and kept; (b) cause all notices
required by these By-Laws or otherwise to be given properly; (c) see that the
minute books, stock books, and other nonfinancial books, records and papers of
the Corporation are kept properly; and (d) cause all reports, statements,
returns, certificates and other documents to be prepared and filed when and as
required. The Secretary shall have such further powers and perform such other
duties as prescribed from time to time by the Board.

     SECTION 8. ASSISTANT TREASURERS AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. Each Assistant
Treasurer and each Assistant Secretary, if any are elected, shall be vested with
all the Powers and shall perform all the duties of the Treasurer and Secretary,
respectively, in the absence or disability of such officer, unless or until the
Board of' Directors shall otherwise determine. In addition, Assistant Treasurers
and Assistant Secretaries shall have such powers and shall perform such duties
as shall be assigned to them by the Board.

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     SECTION 9. CORPORATE FUNDS AND CHECKS. The funds of the Corporation shall
be kept in such depositories as shall from time to time be prescribed by the
Board of Directors. All checks or other orders for the payment of money shall be
signed by the President or the Treasurer or such other person or agent as may
from time to time be authorized and with such countersignature, if any, as may
be required by the Board of Directors.

     SECTION 10. CONTRACTS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS. The President or Treasurer, or
such other- officer or officers as may from time to time be authorized by the
Board of Directors, shall have power to sign and execute on behalf of the
Corporation deeds, conveyances and contracts, and any and all other documents
requiring execution by the Corporation.

     SECTION 11. OWNERSHIP OF STOCK OF ANOTHER CORPORATION. The President or the
Treasurer, or such other officer or agent as shall be authorized by the Board of
Directors, shall have the power and authority, on behalf of the Corporation, to
attend and to vote at any meeting of stockholders of any corporation in which
the Corporation holds stock and may exercise, on behalf of the corporation, any
and all of the rights and powers incident the ownership of such stock at any
such meeting, including authority to execute and deliver proxies and consents on
behalf of the corporation.

     SECTION 12. DELEGATION OF DUTIES. In the absence, disability or refusal of
any officer to exercise and perform his duties, the Board of Directors may
delegate to another officer such powers or duties.

     SECTION 13. RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL. Any officer of the Corporation may be
removed from office for or without cause at any time by the Board of Directors.
Any officer may resign at any time in the same manner prescribed under Section 3
of Article III of these By-laws.

     SECTION 14. VACANCIES. The Board of Directors shall have power to fill
vacancies occurring in any office.

                                    ARTICLE V

                                      STOCK

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     SECTION 1. CERTIFICATES OF STOCK. Every holder of stock in the Corporation
shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the
Corporation by, the Chairman of the Board or the President or a Vice President
and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary, certifying the number and class of shares of stock in the Corporation
owned by him. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a
facsimile. The Board of Directors shall have the power to appoint one or more
transfer agents and/or registrars for the transfer or registration of
certificates of stock of any class, and may require stock certificates to be
countersigned or registered by one or more of such transfer agents and/or
registrars.

     SECTION 2. TRANSFER OF SHARES. Shares of stock of the Corporation shall be
transferable upon its books by the holders thereof, in person or by their duly
authorized attorneys or legal representatives, upon surrender to the Corporation
by delivery thereof to the person in charge of the stock and transfer books and
ledgers. Such certificates shall be cancelled and new certificates shall
thereupon be issued. A record shall be made of each transfer. Whenever any
transfer of shares shall be made for collateral security, and not absolutely, it
shall be so expressed in the entry of the transfer if, when the certificates are
presented, both the transferor and transferee request the Corporation to do so.
The Board shall have power and authority to make such rules and regulations as
it may deem necessary or proper concerning the issue, transfer and registration
of certificates for shares of stock of the corporation.

     SECTION 3. LOST CERTIFICATES. A new certificate of stock may be issued in
the place of any certificate previously issued by the Corporation, alleged to
have been lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated, and the Board of Directors may,
in their discretion, require the owner of such lost, stolen, destroyed or
mutilated certificate, or his legal representative, to give the Corporation a
bond, in such sum as the Board may direct, not exceeding double the value of the
stock, in order to indemnify the Corporation against any claims that may be made
against it in connection therewith.

     SECTION 4. STOCKHOLDERS OF RECORD. The Corporation shall be entitled to
treat the holder of record of any share or shares of stock as the holder
thereof, in fact, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other
claim to or interest in such shares on the part of any other person, whether or

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not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise expressly
provided by law.

     SECTION 5. STOCKHOLDERS RECORD DATE. In order that the Corporation may
determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of
stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to corporate
action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any
dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to
exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or
for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a
record date, which shall not be more than sixty days nor less than ten days
before the date of such meeting. A determination of stockholders of record
entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any
adjournment of the meeting, provided, however, that the Board of Directors may
fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

     SECTION 6. DIVIDENDS. Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of
Incorporation, the Board of Directors may at any regular or special meeting, out
of funds legally available therefor, declare dividends upon the stock of the
Corporation. Before the declaration of any dividend, the Board of Directors may
set apart, out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends, such sum
or sums as from time to time in their discretion may be deemed proper for
working capital or as a reserve fund to meet contingencies or for such other
purposes as shall be deemed conducive to the interests of the Corporation.

                                   ARTICLE VI

                           NOTICE AND WAIVER OF NOTICE

     SECTION 1. NOTICE. Whenever any written notice is required to be given by
law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, such notice, if mailed,
shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail, postage
prepaid, addressed to the person entitled to such notice at his address as it
appears on the books and records of the Corporation. Such notice may also be
sent by telegram.

     SECTION 2. WAIVER OF NOTICE. Whenever notice is required to be given by
law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-laws, a written waiver thereof
signed by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated
therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a

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meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the
person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning
of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not
lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the
purpose of, any meeting of the stockholders, directors, or members of a
committee of the Board need be specified in any written waiver of notice.

                                   ARTICLE VII

                              AMENDMENT OF BY-LAWS

     SECTION 1. AMENDMENTS. These By-Laws may be amended or repealed or new
By-Laws may be adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of
Directors at any regular or special meeting of the Board. If any By-Law
regulating an impending election of directors is adopted, amended or repealed by
the Board, there shall be set forth in the notice of the next meeting of
shareholders for the election of directors the By-Law(s) so adopted, amended, or
repealed, together with a precise statement of the changes made. By-Laws adopted
by Board of Directors may be amended or repealed by shareholders.

                                  ARTICLE VITI

     SECTION 1. SEAL. The seal of the Corporation shall be circular in form and
shall have the name of the corporation on the circumference and the jurisdiction
and year of incorporation in the center.

     SECTION 2. FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall end on
September 30 of each year, or such other twelve consecutive months as the Board
of Directors may designate.

                                   ARTICLE IX

                                INDEMNIFICATION

     SECTION 1. A director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to
the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary
duty as a director, except for liability (i) for any breach of the director's

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duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or
omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing
violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation
Law, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper
personal benefit.

     SECTION 2. Each person who has or is made a party or is threatened to be
made a party to or is involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil,
criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter a "proceeding"), by
reason of the fact that he or she, or a person of whom he or she is the legal
representative, is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the
Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership,
joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to
employee benefit plans, whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged action
or inaction in an official capacity as a director, officer, employee or agent or
in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer, employee or agent,
shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent
permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same exists or may
hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent
that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification
rights than said law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such
amendment), against all expense, liability and loss (including attorneys' fees,
judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts paid or to be paid
in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection
therewith and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased
to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of
his or her heirs, executors and administrators; provided, however, that, except
as provided in this Section 2, the Corporation shall indemnify any such person
seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof)
initiated by such person only if such proceeding (or part thereof) was
authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation. The right to
indemnification conferred in this Section 2 shall be a contract right and shall
include the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in
defending any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition as authorized
by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that if the Delaware General
Corporation Law so requires, the payment of such expenses incurred by a

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director, officer, employee or agent of the Company in his or her capacity as
such in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding shall be made only upon
delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such director,
officer, employee or agent of the Company, to repay all amounts so advanced if
it shall ultimately be determined that such director, officer, employee or agent
of the Company is not entitled to be indemnified under this Section 2 or
otherwise.

     SECTION 3. If a claim under Section 2 of this Article IX is not paid in
full by the Corporation within 30 days after a written claim has been received
by the Corporation, the claimant may at any time thereafter bring suit against
the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and, if successful in
whole or in part, the claimant shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of
prosecuting such claim. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an
action brought to enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending any
proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking,
if any is required, has been tendered to the Corporation) that the claimant has
not met the standard of conduct which makes it permissible under the Delaware
General Corporation Law for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the
amount claimed, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the
Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of
Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders to have made a
determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of
the claimant is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the
applicable standard of conduct set forth in the Delaware General Corporation
Law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of
Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) that the claimant has
not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or
create a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of
conduct.

     SECTION 4. The right to indemnification and the payment of expenses
incurred in defending a proceeding in advance of its final disposition conferred
in this Article IX shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person
may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of
incorporation, these By-Laws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested
directors or otherwise.


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     SECTION 5. The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to
protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation
or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise
against any such expense, liability or loss, whether or not the corporation
would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or
loss under the Delaware General Corporation Law.

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