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JPRS 83309

21 April 1983

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2788

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JPRS 83309

21 April 1983

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2788

T 1,0-y T '

SFBISJ FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
JPRS 83309

21 April 1983

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No, 2788

CONTENTS

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

French-African Economic Cooperation Discussed

(AFRICA, Mar 83) ............................................ 1

France's Relations With Africa

Interview With Technip CEO, Jacques Celerier Interview

Technip Operations

Famine Threatens 50 Million Africans

(WEST AFRICA, 11 Apr 83) .................................... 9

ANGOLA

Briefs

Jorge Messages to Senegal, Nicaragua 10

Health Protocol With SFRY 10

BBC Report 'Biased' 10

BURUNDI

Organization of Various Ministries Spelled Out

(LE RENOUVEAU DU BURUNDI, various dates) ................. 11

Ministry of Women's Affairs, by Serge Gahungu, Serge

Niragira

Ministry of Social Affairs, by Serge Gahungu

Ministry of Labor and Professional Training

CHAD

Complaints to UN of Libyan 'Provocation'

(AFP, 12 Apr 83) ............................................. 18

-a- [III - NE& A -120]
ETHIOPIA

Reportage on Visit of Soviet Party Delegation

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, various dates) ....................... 19

Headed by Vlasov

Meeting With Alemu

Talks With Lemma

Co-ops Visited

Legadadi Broadcasting Station Observes Second Anniversary

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 15 Mar 83) ............................ 23

AETU Signs Agreements With Workers' Unions of USSR, GDR

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 15 Mar 83) ............................ 25

Briefs

Eritrean Killings by Government Troops 26

GHANA

Report on Citizens' Vetting Committee Activities

(WEST AFRICA, 28 Mar 83) ................................. 27

Rawlings Criticizes Traders Who Seek To Discredit Revolution

(E. G. K. Deletsa; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 14 Mar 83) .... 31

Asamoah: Bureaucracy Frustrates Decentralization Plan

(George Amosah; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 14 Mar 83) ....... 32

Opoku: Learn From GDR

(PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 21 Mar 83) .......................... 33

Tsikata Assails Western Intelligence Agencies

(Kojo Sam; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 15 Mar 83) ............ 34

Chief Justice Says Right of Appeal Necessary

(PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 15 Mar 83) .......................... 37

Commentary on Need To End Food Shortage

(Accra Domestic Service, 13 Apr 83) .......................... 39

IVORY COAST

Soubre's Politics of Finance Examined

(WEST AFRICA, 11 Apr 83) .................................... 41

KENYA

Illegal Border Trade Enormous, Says Ndegwa

(Kul Bhushan; THE STANDARD, 19 Mar 83) ...................... 43

-b -
Rural Newspaper Doing Well in Kisii, Says Minister

(THE NAIROBI TIMES, 12 Mar 83) ................................ 44

Dockers Expel Union Secretary

(DAILY NATION, 25 Mar 83) ..................................... 45

Possible Closure of Steel Company Reported

(DAILY NATION, 21 Mar 83) ..................................... 46

Farmers Told Not To Interplant Coffee With Other Food Crops

(THE NAIROBI TIMES, 18 Mar 83) ................................ 47

Farmer Payment System Blamed for Fall in Sugar Cane Production

(James Tumusiime; THE NAIROBI TIMES, 16 Mar 83) ............ 48

Steel Mill Planned for Ruiru

(THE NAIROBI TIMES, 14 Mar 83) ................................ 49

Coffee Act Amendment Recommended

(Editorial; THE NAIROBI TIMES, 13 Mar 83) .................... 50

Briefs

USSR Trade Minimal 51

Finnish Aid 51

Import Costs 51

Sabotage Claim Dismissed 51

Border Talks With Ethiopia 52

LESOTHO

Government Takes Measures Against Terrorism

(Maseru Domestic Service, 10 Apr 83) ......................... 53

LIBERIA

Briefs

Minister Says Economy Should Improve 55

PRC Leaders Behavior 55

MAURITIUS

Prime Minister Jugnauth on Diego Garcia, Other Issues

(Vine Ramnauth; LE MAURICIEN, 14 Feb 83) .................... 56

Libyan Delegation Expected for'Twinning Ceremony'of Tripoli,

Port-Louis

(LE MAURICIEN, 4 Mar 83) ..................................... 59

Briefs

Champagne Hydroelectric Plant 60

Minister Bhayat on Nationalization 60

-c-
French Aid 60

Businessmen Plan Free Zone in Reunion 60

Budget Deficit 61

France Donates Helicopter 61

FSCC Wants Article 113 Amended 61

Inflation Rate 61

British Investors 61

Libyan Aid Promised 61

OPEC Aid 62

Labor Unions' Common Front 62

FRG To Aid Small Projects 62

Arouff on Foreign Investment 62

MOZAMBIQUE

Korean Officials Visit, Pledge More Assistance

(NOTICIAS, 18 Feb 83) ......................................... 63

Results of Machel's Visit to USSR, GDR Analyzed

(NOTICIAS, 17 Mar 83) ......................................... 65

Briefs

Italy Donates Rice 67

Hungary Donates Clothes 67

Portuguese School in Maputo 68

USSR Delegation 68

Argentina CP Donation to FRELIMO 68

Marcelino dos Santos in Rome 68

GDR Donates Books 69

Coastal Communications Station Planned 69

NAMIBIA

Formulation of National Education Policy Urged

(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 8 Apr 83) ........................... 70

NIGER

Results of President's Pakistan Visit

(Abdoulaye Boureima; LE SAHEL, 8 Mar 83) ..................... 72

Canadian Cooperation Agreements Signed

(LE SAHEL, 2 Mar 83) .......................................... 73

New Methods of Searching for Water in Bedrock Areas

(Alilou Abdourahmane; LE SAHEL, 3 Mar 83) .................. 74

-d -
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE

Portugal Rejects Minister's Criticism

(EXPRESSO, 17 Mar 83, DIARIO DE NOTICIAS, 23 Mar 83) ..... 76

Portuguese Complacency Seen

'Threat' Rejected

Sao Tome Disavows Charge

SENEGAL

Democratic Experiment Deemed Positive Despite Its Failures

(MIriba Magassouba; WEST AFRICA, 28 Mar 83) .............. 78

SIERRA LEONE

Government To Increase Taxes on Fishing Trawlers by 200 Percent

(AFP, 11 Apr 93) ............................................. 80

SOUTH AFRICA

HNP Says Referendum Must Include Namibia

(Joubert Malherbe; RAND DAILY MAIL, 9 Apr 83) ........... 81

Botha Calls U.S. Statement on Mkhize 'Premature'

(John Battersby; RAND DAILY MAIL, 8 Apr 83) ............... 82

Johannesburg Comments on French Ban on Rugby Tour

(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 11 Apr 83) .................. 84

Pik Silent on Funding of Pro-SA Magazine

(RAND DAILY MAIL, 24 Mar 83) .................................. 86

New Islamic 'Bank' for South Africa

(Amrit Manga; SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES, 20 Mar 83)..... 87

Frederation of Newly Emerging Unions Discussed

(Steve Friedman; RAND DAILY MAIL, 21 Mar 83) .............. 88

Recession Impacts on Port Traffic

(Elizabeth Rouse; SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES,

20 Mar 83) ..................................................... 90

Schwarz Addresses Open Letter to Prime Minister

(SUNDAY TIMES, 20 Mar 83) ..................................... 91

Transkei Budget Funds Increased

(THE CITIZEN, 31 Mar 83) ...................................... 93

Details of 1983 Budget Given

(THE CITIZEN, 31 Mar 83) ...................................... 94

-e -
Mossel Bay Oil Probe Gets Setback

(THE CITIZEN, 31 Mar 83) ...................................... 109

Landlocked Bophuthatswana To Get Power Station

(Simon Willson; RAND DAILY MAIL, 25 Mar 83) .................. 110

Briefs

Foreign Aid Nearly.$300 Million il1

Forum Against Constitution Plan ill

Land Interchange Details Announced i1

SWAZILAND

Briefs

Students Boycott Classes 112

Failure of Cooperatives 112

TOGO

Briefs

DPRK Farming Gifts 113

UPPER VOLTA

President, Prime Minister on Orientation of CSP

(WEST AFRICA, 11 Apr 83) ...................................... 114

CSP Announces New Radio Program

(Ouagadougou Domestic Service, 12 Apr 83) .................... 115

ZAIRE

Mobutu Reports on Nation's Economic Problems

(ELIMA, 12, 14 Mar 83) ........................................ 116

ZAMBIA

FAO Famine, Drought Relief

(DAILY MAIL, 28 Mar 83) ....................................... 123

Mulemba Concerned About Civil Service's 'Shoddy Performance'

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 25 Mar 83) .................................. 124

District Governor Wants Regulations on Illegal Immigrants

Changed

(DAILY MAIL, 28 Mar 83) ....................................... 125

MPs Praise Southern Province MCC Mungoni Liso

(DAILY MAIL, 26 Mar 83) ....................................... 126

- f -
Zambian Students in GDR Rap 'Meagre' Monthly Allowances

(DAILY MAIL, 28 Mar 83) ....................................... 127

Petroleum Drums Smuggled Into Zaire by Rail in January

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 26 Mar 83) .................................. 128

ZCTU Says Government Must Meet With It Within Thirty Days

(SUNDAY TIMES, 27 Mar 83) ..................................... 129

ZCTU's Ultimatum

Ultimatum Shows Rift's Seriousness, Editorial

Mundia Receives Second Consignment of Finnish Trucks

(SUNDAY TIMES, 27 Mar 83) ..................................... 131

Police Report Notes 'Glaring Irregularities' in Railway's

Buying

(TIMES OF ZAMIBA, 28 Mar 83) ................................ 132

Luapula Province Food Production Hurt by Tractor Breakdown

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 28 Mar 83) .............................. 133

US.Signs Agreement To Provide Nation With Zimbabwean Maize

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 25 Mar 83, DAILY MAIL, 28 Mar 83) ........ 134

Details of Agreement

Self-Sufficiency Depends on Irrigation, Editorail

Paper Scores Botha Refusal of Kaunda Proposal

(Editorial; ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 7 Apr 83) ..................... 136

Briefs

UK Loan Agreement Signed 138

ZIMBABWE

Reaction to Kangai's Statements on Capitalism

(Editorial; THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 18 Mar 83) .............. 139

Lack of Job Openings for Graduates Reported

(Caroline Allen; THE HERALD, 24 Mar 83) ...................... 140

Reorganized ZIANA To Revamp Press

(THE HERALD, 25 Mar 83) ....................................... 142

Tourism, Emigration Dropped in 1982

(THE HERALD, 25 Mar 83) ....................................... 143

Second Group of Mauritian Teachers To Arrive

(Julia Cheshire; THE HERALD, 23 Mar 83) ...................... 144

Briefs

Youth Brigades 145

People Leaving ZAPU 145

-- g -
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

FRENCH-AFRICAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION DISCUSSED

France's Relations With Africa

Dakar AFRICA in French Mar 83 pp 77, 79

[Article by R.P.: "Economy: Africa, A Chance For France?"]

[Text] Because of the ties it had formed with African states south of the

Sahara during the many years of their association, France was generally

looked on as a privileged partner when these countries became independent,

and the continent has always been the major concern of the various presidents

of the Fifth French Republic.

Conscious of maintaining French presence in Africa, where his aura of liberating father and his ambition to become the third world power found the best

response, General De Gaulle adopted a policy of massive global aid, the only

policy that could contribute to the stability of young and still frail states

and prevent the two superpowers from grabbing a hold on them. President

Georges Pompidou was more pragmatic and gave preference to private investments over conditional assistance, encouraged exports to Africa and increased

the budget of the Central Fund for Economic Cooperation, thus expanding his

field of intervention to include non-French-speaking African countries and

integrating the EEC into the Lome agreements. With the slogan "Africa to

the Africans," President Valery Giscard d'Estaing, who wished to counter

Soviet influence on the continent, made African economic development the

basis of a European-Arab-African association in which Paris was to be the

prime mover.

Joint Development

When a socialist president, Francois Mitterrand, came into office, FrancoAfrican relations did not change drastically: a realist by force of circumstances, the French chief of state soon understood that giving priority to

form over content might be prejudicial to the best interests of the two

partners. The presence of France in Africa implies the existence of a considerable structure of assistance, large public and private investments, and

continued financial relations. The government will try to devote 0.7 percent

of the gross domestic product to public aid, but it will not lose sight of

1
economic laws. A single original feature: cooperation programs are reoriented so as to be better adapted to the actual needs of African countries, i.e.

achieving a better match between the objectives and the means. The result is

long-term planning, technology transfers adapted to needs, in a word joint

development in the interest of both partners. The franc zone remains the

symbol of this joint development, a source of foreign currency for the French

balance of payments and a protection against monetary disorders for member

countries.

This consistent policy of the Fifth Republic has paid off: although its foreign trade deficit has steadily increased, France has maintained a positive

balance of trade with Africa during the past five years. Africa accounted

for 75 of the 575 billion French francs (28.75 trillion CFA francs) of French

exports (including 18-25 billion for the franc zone alonel). Its EEC partners

are its main customers, but Africa follows them closely in second position.

The French 1981 balance of trade showed a deficit with all regions of the

world, except with Africa with which it showed a global excess of 20 billion

French francs. Certainly, exchanges vary according to the relative economic

importance of each country. Ten of France's African partners account for

81.8 percent of bilateral trade (Algeria, Nigeria, South Africa-Namibia,

Morocco, Libya, Tunisia, Egypt, Ivory Coast, Cameroon and Gabon) compared

with only 0.25 percent of the total for the last 10. Its 5 trade partners

in the north of the continent account for close to 48 percent of FrancoAfrican trade, the 16 ECOWAS countries for 28 percent, and Central African

countries centered around Zaire, Cameroon, Congo and Gabon for 11.5 percent. 2

A Good Deal For France

However, due to the world recession, and as developing countries' debts increased and the dollar and interest rates rised, France's traditional position in Africa declined somewhat. Countries like the United States and

Japan started exploring the continent and eroded a few large potential

markets. The Japanese gained a strong foothold in the Ivory Coast, Congo

and Gabon, countries where people would rather drive a Toyota than a Peugeot.

The Americans set about to conquer the heavy equipment markets (transportation, public works, locomotives, airplanes), and EEC countries became rivals

to be reckoned with in all fields.

France's chance, however, is that it has large French communities and a

commercial network on location, both of which play an important part in ensuring the stability of Franco-African exchanges. The fact that it is open

to markets in countries such as Nigeria or Mozambique, where English or Portuguese are traditionally spoken, gives it access to strategic markets. All

in all, Africa is still a good deal for France.

At any rate, this is the essence of statements made by France's major industrial partners in Africa. At a time when French industrial policy once again

reveals the importance of French exportations and a desire to place cooperation in the service of development more than was done in the past, we interviewed three large exporters in three different industrial sectors, and

asked them what part Africa is playing in their exports.

2
First, Jacques Celerier, chief executive officer of the Technip group, the

leading French engineering company which has just been awarded the supply

and construction contract for a natural gas desulfuration plant in the Soviet

union. Then Christian Devin, chief executive officer of Jeumont-Schneider,

the leading private French-telephone equipment manufacturer. And finally

the chief executive officer of Renault, which has just been in the headlines

following the labor conflict that brought its plants to a stillstand. A

nationalized enterprise, Renault is now plagued by changing moods, and the

decisions it will make in the coming year will engage the whole group.

FOOTNOTES

1. NOUVEL ECONOMISTE No 371.

2. MARCHES TROPICAUX No 1937.

Interview With Technip CEO

Dakar AFRICA in French Mar 83 pp 79-81

[Interview with Jacques Celerier, chief executive officer of Technip: "Africa

Has One Asset: Its Demographic Growth"; date and place not specified]

[Text] [Question] In your opinion, can the African market represent an interesting outlet for French enterprises, and do you feel competitive enough

to face foreign competition on this continent?

[Answer] Yes. We are quite convinced that the African market represents

a considerable outlet for European enterprises in general and French enterprises in particular. As for competitivity, experience has shown that French

enterprises are reasonably competitive on all of the African continent, in

English-speaking as well as in French-speaking countries. Our competition

problems have not increased; competition remains strong as everywhere else.

It is true, though, that many countries that were not interested in Africa

in the past are interested in it now. It is also a fact that financing terms

or the aid that may be granted at state level are at times decisive factors

in this competition.

[Question] Yet, you are operating in high-risk countries?

[Answer] Yes and no. I believe that every industrialist should get interested in projects that are well adapted to the country, that will integrate

well into the environment for which they are designed. This is vital. Those

who will do anything in any way and anywhere are doomed to taking high risks.

This is not our approach at all. Technip tries to establish relations with

a country on more durable bases. Of course, it is a lot more difficult.

It is our approach; it is reflected in our selection of projects in which

we get interested.

3
[Question] In France, the coming to power of the socialists has been accompanied by a voluntaryist industrial policy geared to exportation and encouraging the transfer of technologies best adapted to developing countries. How

did your enterprise adapt to this orientation?

[Answer] I am not sure that we can say that there is a new basic orientation.

Actually, I believe that authorities have become more clearly aware of something which has always been a major concern of Technip's, namely that we

should not use our collaboration with developing countries to impose upon

them the model of development that has been ours. Beyond technological and

economic considerations, how can we take into account the sociocultural aspects and the whole environment in which we will operate? This is where

the essential change in approach lies.

It will have technological and technical consequences, for when needs are

not identical, products are not identical either. You cannot have the same

plant operating in the same manner in a developing country and in an industrialized country where the industrial fabric is not the same and where men

have different abilities. All this, I believe, is what the government's

strategy wants to take into account.

[Question] How much change has that meant for Technip?

[Answer] As far as we are concerned, we are trying not only to adapt to

change--this has always been our concern--but also to take advantage of

this atmosphere to implement the concept I have just described in the fields

of operation that are directly entrusted to us. Technical fields, but also

vocational training.

[Question] You are often blamed for making technology transfers without

giving access to industrial control.

[Answer] Industrial control also implies decision-making at all levels.

Difficulties arise in the intermediate stages, where anything but joint

decisions is hard to imagine. But how can we have a decision-making process

that is concerted and still effective? This is the whole problem. From the

moment we decide to manufacture a given product at a given location, effectiveness criteria follow economic rules that can hardly be transgressed

without getting into situations where the ensuing debt cannot be repaid.

Therefore, there are limitations. But it is possible to reach the same.

level of effectiveness in other ways and, in this respect, the human dimension is quite essential.

[Question] In this respect, do you meet with special difficulties in Africa?

[Answer] Of coursewe do. Take the example of Congo: what we did in that

country was to restore the serviceability--in a purely Congolese context--

of industrial facilities that had been supplied by others and were not

operated because they were poorly adapted or poorly designed. We are very

proud of the job we did in correcting unsatisfactory conditions resulting

from a defective approach, but this is not a goal in itself.

4
[Question] African countries have been hard hit by the recession, but

France has maintained its positions. How do you explain that?

[Answer] Conditions vary a lot from one country to the next. Gabon has had

difficulties, but not as many now. The Ivory Coast may have pinned excessive

hopes on certain resources, but these are not negligible. Western economy

as a whole is not doing too well and this is also true of Africa, but I am

not sure that it is more dramatic than elsewhere. Take the countries around

the Gulf of Guinea: they have discovered oil and gas reserves and find themselves with increased financing and raw material exportation potentials. Today, these countries are potentially in a better position than five or ten

years ago.

[Question] What about inland countries which have nothing to sell?

[Answer] In the many regions where the agricultural potential is very poorly

exploited, it is probably because people went about it the wrong way, because

they failed to fully take into account existing structures (with respect both

to production means and to the distribution or selection of consumers). This

represents a vast program, but it is also an economic necessity that should

not be overlooked. For why is it that we reason almost solely in terms of

mining or industrial resources? Look at Cameroon, a country that is considered to be sound; it is because its agriculture is sufficiently oriented inward

that it has managed to maintain a good balance of its agricultural production.

And this is certainly one of the domains in which the transfer of technology

is best adapted to local conditions.

[Question] How do you fit into the local context?

[Answer] With our faithful Ipedex, we form a tool for both training and

technical assistance. The idea is that the objective and end of any welldesigned assistance is to lose its raison d'etre. This is a paradox which

we accept. The essential part of practical training often consists of preliminary training periods, either in existing neighboring facilities, or in

the new facility. A French or European technician will train a local technician. We also try to associate local technicians to that portion of the

project which is realized by us (design, plant studies) or to the manufacturing of the equipment that they will have to operate or to maintain. Our

ambition is to make sure that the plant is going to work and live, and maybe

evolve.

[Question] Then, you provide personnel training for each of your projects?

[Answer] Not always; sometimes, a country will prohibit us from doing

so. But, generally speaking, we try not to accept responsibility for a project

when we are given no part in its industrial operation. For we do believe

that it takes full symbiosis between those who design the plant and those who

will operate it, bring it life, to yield results that will enrich the country in which it is built. This assumes that our partner is aware of it,

that he reasons like an integrated element and contributes to the development

of his country.

5
[Question] It seems that people in Africa are now becoming more aware of

the importance of these integrated projects?

[Answer] We must recognize that Africa has often implicitly adopted the

western model. Then, we can always say that, if there is a western influence,

it is Europe's fault. Maybe and maybe not. I believe that, in a number of

cases, this denotes a lack of reflection at local level.

[Question] "To help Africa is to help ourselves": is that becoming increasingly harder?

[Answer] Globally, you know, we are looking at a market which has settled

everywhere in the world. That is true in Africa as elsewhere. Certainly,

the rate of investments has slowed down, and therefore projects have been

delayed. On the other hand, there is less financing available in western

countries and it is becoming more difficult to free part of it for Africa.

But Africa has an asset: it is its demographic growth and, if we look at

future markets analyses and investment requirements, the continent is

promising.

[Question] Some discontent has been expressed recently concerning the competition of public services with private companies. How can you overcome

this handicap?

[Answer] I do not believe that the word competition is the right word.

In France, there are a number of state monopolies--electric power production, cigarette manufacturing, port construction, for instance--that is a

fact. Now, these monopolies have the operating knowhow which is essential

in designing a project. If private enterprises have no access to the operators' knowhow, they cannot design something that will be technically satisfactory. This knowhow is concentrated in monopolitical state organizations

which operate solely within the hexagon [mainland France]. When this knowhow has to be used for a foreign project, we have a problem. That problem,

therefore, involves a situation of (perfectly justified) monopoly and gaining access to this technology for those--national companies or private enterprises--whose job it is to built similar projects abroad. What type of

relations should there be between these public organizations and those whose

job it is to build these projects abroad? This is the question we are asking

to the authorities. We already have an answer to most of it.

Technip Operations

Dakar AFRICA in French Mar 83 p 81

[Article: "TP: Technip"]

[Text] Chief executive officers: Jacques Celerier, chairman of the board

and general manager; Lucien Sajus, general manager. Address: Tour Technip,

La Defense 6 Cedex 23-92090 Paris La Defense.

6
Competence: engineering and construction of industrial facilities.

Created: 1958, by the French Petroleum Institute, the Atomic Energy Commission and French chemical and oil groups.

Sales: 3.054 billion French francs in 1981 (152.700 billion CFA francs),

including 83.5 percent on export markets and about 12 percent in Africa.

Fields of activity: development of oil and gas fields, oil refining, natural

gas processing and liquefaction, coal gasification, production of replacement

fuels, production of thermal energy, nuclear cycle fuel processing, ethylene

and large intermediate compounds, fertilizers, chemicals, sea-water desalinization, glass, cellulose and paper pulp, building materials, agribusiness and

food-processing industry (breweries, sugar refineries), industrial dataprocessing and automation, environmental protection, management and contractmanagement consultant.

Rank: one of the leading 40 engineering companies in the world. Leading

French engineering company on export markets.

Specialized and associated companies: Agrotechnip: agricultural development,

agrifood operations; Technip-Geoproduction: oil and gas field development,

inland or offshore; Esia: automated data-processing systems engineering; Sidem:

sea-water desalinization; Guiges SA: water processing; Ipedex: personnel

training, operational assistance; 21M: service and maintenance of industrial

facilities; Stec International: ore processing; Soretech: technical cooperation with Tunisia; Ivorial Tropical Technology Company (12T).

Major recent export references:

a) Refining/petrochemicals

- Refinery in Qatar

- Refinery in Saudi Arabia (Al Jubail)

- Refinery in Thailand (Sri Racha)

b) Gas

- Zubair (Irak) liquefaction project

c) Chemicals

- Petrochemical projects in Brazil (Triunfo) and in the USSR (Omsk and

Oufa)

- Polyethylene plant in the GDR (Leuna)

d) Sea-water desalinization

- Al Jubail II project (Saudi Arabia)

7
e) Development of deposits

- gas lift in western Siberia (Samotlor, Fyodorovsk)

- offshore platform in Abu Dhabi (Zakum)

f) Agrifood and light industries

- sugar refinery project in Sudan

- breweries in Nigeria and in the People's Republic of China

- paper-pulp project in Indonesia (Letjes).

Technip's contracts in Africa, from 1980 to 1982: Tunisia: extension of a

gas-compression system in Al Borma; Congo: offshore platforms; Gulf of

Guinea: restoring serviceability at the Pointe-Noire oil refinery; Cameroon:

surveys, improvement of BAP [expansion unknown] and Kole offshore platform.

Sale of the "Tearlac" process of Technip (precursor of the natural gas liquefaction technology) for the Lolabe liquefaction unit near Kribi; Central

African Republic: delivery of a turnkey mini-sugar refinery.

Current projects and projects under study: Niger: feasibility study for

the Tillabery sugar refining project; Algeria: flat-glass plant (Jijel),

revamping of a fertilizer and ammonia plant (Arzew); Tunisia: oil regeneration plant (Bizerte); Morocco: lubricating oil project (Mohammedia).

9294

CSO: 3419/722

8
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

FAMINE THREATENS 50 MILLION AFRICANS

London WEST AFRICA in English 11 Apr 83 p 913

[Text] Following reports of widespread bush fires in the coastal region (West

Africa, April 4) comes an estimate that 50m. Africans are threatened by

famine. AFP reports.

Fifty million people in the Sahel, Horn and Coastal West African

regions are threatened by famine. The repercussions of this famine will

be catastrophic, both in terms of human life and the economic

consequences.

In four West African countries, Benin, Togo, Ghana and Ivory Coast,

agricultural production is in danger. After a seriously deficient season of

"little rains" from September to November last year, an unusually long

dry season and an intense dry Harmattan wind have aggravated the

situation.

In Benin, because of last year's poor crops, the authorities have been unable

to build-up stocks for the lean months from January to May. A famine comparable

with that of 1977 is therefore feared.

In Ghana, climatic problems have been exacerbated by the influx of a million

refugees from Nigeria. As in Togo, the cocoa crop is threatened.

In Ivory Coast, the talk is of "national catastrophe". Bush fires have left

little more than burnt-out tree stumps, cracked earth and devastated plantations.

In the Horn of Africa, drought has affected millions of people; last year's

harvests were very poor. The Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) has

estimated that Ethiopia needs between 200 and 600 thousand tonnes of cereals

to ensure the survival of its populations.

In Southern Africa, drought this year is even more serious than it was in 1982.

Landlocked Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Swaziland are particularly badly

hit, but even Mozambique has asked for 350,000 tonnes of food aid for 1983.

South Africa is expected this year to import 1.5m. tonnes of maize from the

United States.

In the Sahel region, Chad, Cape Verde, Mali and to a lesser extent Mauritania

and northern Senegal are suffering from drought. Chad's cereals deficit is

estimated this year at 170,000 tonnes, with 50,000 tonnes needed immediately.

The President of Cape Verde, Aristedes Pereira, has described international

reaction to the crisis as "timid". Speaking in Bamako on his way home from

Ougadougou, President Pereira said most countries would have to count on their

own resources, for what they were. President Pereira is this year's President

of the Interstate Committee for the fight against Drought in the Sahel (CILSS).

CSO: 3400/1177

9
ANGOLA

BRIEFS

JORGE MESSAGES TO SENEGAL, NICARAGUA--Luanda, 8 Apr (ANGOP)--"I am convinced

that the cooperation between the Angolan and Senegalese peoples will contribute toward the realization of the objectives of our countries and the economic

emancipation of our continent," Angolan Foreign Minister Paulo Jorge stated

in a message sent to his Senegalese counterpart on the occasion of that country's independence anniversary. The Angolan foreign minister also reiterated

his government's desire to see the cooperation between the two countries strengthened in the common interest of the two peoples. In another mesage, to Nicargua's minister of foreign affairs, Paulo Jorge said he "condemns the infiltration of armed troops whose objectives is to destabilize the revolutionary

process" of Nicaragua, and stated that he is sure these acts are fomented by

American imperialism in connivance with some neighboring countries. The Angolan

minister of foreign affairs expressed "Angola's militant solidarity withithe

people of Nicaragua and with the Sandinista National Liberation Front. [Text]

[ABO81255 Luanda ANGOP in French 1100 GMT 8 Apr 83]

HEALTH PROTOCOL WITH SFRY--Luanda, 9 Apr (ANGOP)--The People's Republic of

Angola and Yugoslavia signed a protocol on cooperation in the field of health

at the end of the visit to that country by Flavio Fernandes, Angola's deputy

minister of health. During his stay in Yugoslavia, Flavio Fernandes, who

was accompanied by an important delegation from his ministry, held talks with

a Yugoslav delegation led by Mila Djordjicg, vice president of the federal

committee for labor, health and social welfare. Talks between the two parties

centered on the cooperation existing between Angola and Yugoslavia in the field

of health, training of Angolan medical officials, acquisition and assistance

in drugs and medicosurgical equipment and special agreements on the treatment

of sick Angolans in Yugoslavia. The Angolan delegation visited some health

institutions, especially clinics and units producing drugs and medical and

surgical equipment in the republics of Servia, Slovenia, Montenegro and Croatia.

JText] 1AB091226 Luanda ANGOP in French 1120 GMT 9 Apr 83]

BBC REPORT 'BIASED'--The visit made the day before yesterday, 7 April, to

Lukapa town, capital of Lunda Norte Province, by the British ambassador to

Angola, Frank Kennedy, has once again refuted the brazen report broadcast by

the BBC in London that puppet forces in the pay of imperialism had occupied

the town of Lukapa a day before the British diplomat's visit. An official

source, which described the report in question as biased, noted that it is an

old habit of the BBC to report news favoring the UNITA puppet gang without the

least respect for the truth and the real facts. IText] fBM090707 Luanda

Domestic Service in Portuguese 0500 GMT 9 Apr 83]

10

CSO: 3442/185
BURUNDI

ORGANIZATION OF VARIOUS MINISTRIES SPELLED OUT

Ministry of Women's Affairs

Bujumbura LE RENOUVEAU DU BURUNDI in French 6 Jan 83 pp 1-2

[Article by Serge Gahungu and Serge Niragira]

[Text] At his 10th press conference President Bagaza explained that as a

result of the neglect of the social sector in the past, the establishment of

new structures required for its development had been deemed necessary.

In speaking of the participation of women in government, the chief of state

pointed out that this was consistent with the country's normal development.

The Ministry of Women's Affairs will deal with specifically feminine problems.

A number of recommendations to this effect have already been made by the UN,

the Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) and the Year of the Woman. The

rights of women must be respected.

President Bagaza emphasized that no confusion will exist between the Ministry

of Women's Affairs and the Union of Burundi Women (UFB). The latter is a

movement in which membership is voluntary. It is therefore concerned exclusively with these women, whereas the ministry will have a nationwide field of

action applicable to all women. It will deal with problems specifically

related to women, such as widowhood, single and abandoned women, etc., among

others.

The draft decree on the establishment of a Ministry of Women's Affairs was

passed at the Wednesday 15 December 1982 meeting of the Council of Ministers.

The ministry will be in charge of formulating and implementing programs aimed

at increasing the participation of Burundi women in national development,

ensuring their blossoming and improving their social condition.

To this effect the ministry's structure could be the following:

A Department for the Encouragement and Development of Women, which would

include the Women's Education and Training Service and the Social and Legal

Questions Service, which will be in charge of:

11
- research related to problems of women in terms of economic development and

suggest solutions;

- formulation of a program for the intergration of Burundi women in the

overall development of our country, bearing in mind the results of research

and production activities usually carried out by women, which could be

developed to increase their income, improve the quality of family life and

develop the communities in which they take place;

- planning and time breakdown of such a program;

- formulation and implementation of projects ensuring the program's

fulfillment.

A Department of Social, Cultural and Juridical Affairs, which would include

the Project Planning and Implementation Service and the Project Control and

Evaluation Service, in charge of:

- studies of the social situation of women in order to find solutions aimed at

improving their social status;

- study of customs and laws which continue to hinder the advancement of women,

and suggest changes in this area;

- resolve family cases submitted to its attention;

- formulate and implement projects encouraging the participation of women in

activities aimed at improving the living conditions of families and their own,

specifically in the areas of health, hygiene and the habitat;

- ensure Burundi women the possibility of basic training covering literacy,

knowledge of nutrition and sanitation, farm training and civic education in

order to ensure their greater contribution to national development;

- resolve problems which could prevent women from participating in such

training program;

- helping women to understand, through such educational programs, the need to

help upgrade national culture and the preservation of ancestral values;

- direct culture toward a new mentality beneficial to the blossoming of women

in particular and society in general.

The development, economic, social and cultural programs formulated to benefit

women will be implemented through women's development centers which will be

organized in all the provinces.

12
Ministry of Social Affairs

Bujumbura LE RENOUVEAU DU BURUNDI in French 18 Jan 83 p 4

[Article by Serge Gahungu]

[Text] Mrs Caritas Mategeko-Karadereye, minister of social affairs, was

interviewed by RENOUVEAU on Friday, 14 January 1983. The minister described

the organization of her ministry.

The ministry includes two departments under general management and a Social

Studies and Research Bureau operating directly under the minister's office.

The Social Promotion Department is in charge of the education of the masses

with a view to improving the population's living conditions and promoting

income-generating activities.

To this effect it will emphasize the development of socioeducational and

development centers, crafts, and collaboration with local officials and all

services in charge mass education. The department has three services:

The Social Education and Development Center Service is in charge of defining

the needs of the population with the cooperation of the heads of local groups,

with a view to formulating programs based or real needs; directing the

programs of the social and development centers for the conscious literacy and

vocational training, so that they may truly meet training and production

targets; mounting an awareness campaign among the population in order to

encourage its participation in the activities of social education and

development centers; contributing to the development of the necessary training

facilities for the education, development and literacy centers; promoting

social action based on mutual help programs; and encouraging and improving the

utilization of local technology and products.

The Craft Promotion Service is in charge of the general guidance of craftsmen;

registering skilled workers interested in crafts; encouraging the interest of

such persons in collective craft work based on their skills; encouraging their

imagination in the creation of works of art; seeing to the advancement of the

craftsmen and the quality of the objects to be created; conducting market studies with a view to improving the production and marketing of goods; closely

cooperating with services and institutions involved in craft promotion.

In turn, the Material Supply for and Management of Social Education and

Development Center Service must assess the needs of such centers for

materials, ensure the maximal profitability of the materials supplied to the

education and development centers through the formulation of a production

program, supervise the efficient use of the materials at the disposal of the

centers and collaborate with the crafts service in goods marketing.

The social Protection Department is in charge of ensuring the protection of

and giving aid to the most vulnerable population categories, such as abandoned children, the handicapped, the aged, the needy and disaster casualties.

13
Within this framework the department will develop its activities aimed at

assisting and ensuring the social reintegration of vulnerable groups through

the opening of reception and professional retraining centers, the social

reintegration of deprived individuals, with the help of local officials, the

promotion and encouragement of a system for social insurance by encouraging

the creation of mutual associations, and the coordination of social work and

aid management. The department includes the following three services:

The Social Service has the task of gathering, processing and centralizing the

records of aid to the needy or groups of individuals needing assistance;

advising families on how to improve the quality of life; suggesting steps

leading to the creation of mutual aid associations or other methods of mutual

help and solidarity within the various socioprofessional groups; and maintaining close relations with the other public services for the implementation of

social insurance programs.

The Social Readaptation and Reintegration Service promotes programs for social

readaptation and reintegration on the communal and provincial levels; formulates programs for submission to local groups; cooperates with the other

involved services, centers for the handicapped and orphanages so that they may

fulfill their mission better; suggests the type of studies to be made with a

view to acquiring clear information for determining the necessary social

actions to be carried out.

The Aid Coordination and Management Service evaluates the need for social projects, looks for and collects gifts in kind or cash for social projects, manages and provides aid to the needy and supervises the proper use of such aid.

In addition to the two departments there is also a Studies and Social Research

Bureau operating directly under the minister's office. It includes the three

following services:

The Information and Documentation Service, in charge of disseminating social

information through the information media; maintaining and expanding the cadre

documentation library; supplying the necessary documentation required for the

functioning of education and development social centers; informing and promoting the awareness of the authorities and the population on joint activities

related to social development and protection; organizing surveys and polls on

radio broadcasts for the purpose of adapting them to population requirements;

listing major social problems and suggesting solutions and alternatives; and

setting up a publication on social information.

The Studies and Project Formulation Service is in charge of the study and

formulation of social projects; collaboration with local authorities with a

view to establishing the type of joint promotion and social protection activities; follow-up of files or projects submitted to the relevant authorities;

study, research and analyze statistical and other data in order to improve

social promotion and encouragement programs based on the country's realities;

and participate in the evaluation of projects related to the development of

the social sector.

14
Finally, the Service for the Production of Training Materials is in charge of

producting the training materials needed by the social education centers, the

development centers and the other services of the Ministry of Social Affairs;

to inventory the educational materials to be eventually donated and to learn

how to use them; to simplify the techniques for the use of such materials by

the various centers; to follow the development of methods for the manufacturing of training and audio-visual materials; and to supervise the use and

preservation of materials used by the services.

On the provincial level, the Social Promotion and Social Protection Departments are represented by the regional services headed and controlled by

regional coordinators in charge of implementing the programs formulated by the

Ministry of Social Affairs.

The ministry also sponsors and coordinates the activities or private and

semi-governmental organizations.

The private organizations are concerned with the most vulnerable population

categories and provide assistance within the framework of social activities.

The state-run societies include the INSS [National Social Security Institute],

a public administrative institution, and the National Center for the

Handicapped, which is a separate financially independent organization.

Ministry of Labor and Professional Training

Bujumbura LE RENOUVEAU DU BURUNDI in French 4 Feb 83 pp 1-2

[Text] On 25 January 1983 Colonel Jean-Baptiste Bagaza, president of the

republic, signed Decree No 100/6 on the organization and competence of the

Ministry of Labor and Professional Training.

As stipulated in the decree, the ministry has a double mission: on the one

hand, to see to the proper social organization of labor, i.e., the implementation of the employment and social justice policy in labor relations and the

improvement of labor conditions with a view to ensuring better productivity

and, consequently, achieving better living standards.

On the other, to ensure the development of vocational training with a view to

achieving a proper balance in the employment and socioprofessional structures

and the meeting of skilled manpower needs.

The ministry's organization and competence involve a General Labor Office and

a bureau of studies. The General Labor Office consists of three departments,

each one headed by a director: the Employment and Manpower Department, in

charge of manpower placement and control and job promotion; the Labor Inspection Department, in charge of professional relations, enterprise control

and labor safety and hygiene; and the Vocational Training Department, in

charge of programming and supervising vocational training and advancement.

The studies bureau is headed by a director. It is entrusted with setting

labor norms and keeping labor statistics and ensuring job planning.

15
In commenting on the decree, Cyrille Barancira, the minister of labor and

professional training, said that the labor feature was not a new one.

The Employment and Manpower and Labor Inspection Departments had already been

established with their current range of competence. For the past several

years, a study bureau had also functioned under the General Labor Office.

With the reorganization, the bureau will be under the minister's office with a

view to ensuring its maximal profitability, the minister said. Barancira

discussed more extensively the new feature of his ministry, namely vocational

training.

This new organization, he said, is set up at a time when the country must cope

with increased unemployment and a basic scarcity of skilled manpower.

Thus, in order to correct this handicap, the first step that must be taken is

to establish this year in Bujumbura a vocational training and advancement

center. Other centers will be opened eventually throughout the country on the

basis of local requirements. They will have a triple mission.

They will set up and develop vocational training consistent with the specific

requirements of the country for skilled manpower. They will secure the

advancement of the employed manpower through retraining, apprenticeships and

seminars and conferences, together with the enterprises. Finally, they will

establish closer contacts among the social labor partners in the training and

advancement areas.

The centers will provide the broadest possible range of training in automobile

and machine repairs, industrial electric power, iron works, locksmithing,

welding, masonry, plumbing, carpentry and heavy vehicle and machinery

operation, and secretarial and bookeeping work.

Unlike conventional technical training, the centers will concentrate

exclusively on the practical aspects of training based on labor market demand.

The centers will collaborate with the Ministry of National Education which

will supply them with instructors. However, Minister Barancira emphasized that

the two institutions will not be training the same type of technicians. In

answer to a question on training Burundi cadres, the minister said that it was

imperative to do so, this being one of the resolutions adopted at the first

national party congress. He also emphasized, however, that this will not be

done to an extent which may affect enterprise profitability. The enterprises

which are able to train Burundi cadres have been asked to do so and some of

them have shown an interest in the project.

The minister said that he was pleased with the system for placing manpower as

practiced by the Manpower Department, because of the advantages it offers. On

the one hand, it facilitates the protection of local manpower, while on the

other, it allows the enterprise to choose among the numerous applicants sent

to them. Breakdowns in the system, the minister said, are caused by people

who fail to apply existing laws. He promised to improve the situation by

taking follow-up control steps and becoming more exigent in terms of equity

16
and justice. The same measures will be taken as regards the Labor Inspection

Service, the deficiencies of whose cadres are well known. On the subject of

relations between his ministry and the Burundi Workers Union (UTB), the

minister said that the union is an equal-status partner with the BUrundi

Employers Association (AEB).

He emphasized that he supports the union whenever the latter has a just claim

aimed at improving the living conditions of the workers, providing that it

takes into consideration the country's realities.

Finally, the minister vigorously denied the rumor according to which public

service jobs have been curtailed as a result of budget restraints. The

purpose of such measures is rather to improve the profitability of public

services and the struggle against hidden unemployment found in some services

where a plethora of employees are handling reduced services. Even if the

public employment proves unable to absorb supernumerary personnel, such

workers could be directed toward other semi-public services or private

institutions which have vacancies. Should it become necessary to eliminate

jobs, the minister said, this would be done strictly in accordance with the

laws governing public employees.

As to any eventual reduction of jobs in the private sector, the minister

believes that it could be justified by the temporary financial problems of one

enterprise or another as a result of the national and international socioeconomic situation.

5157

CSO: 3419/625

17
CHAD

COMPLAINTS TO UN OF LIBYAN 'PROVOCATION'

AB120648 Paris AFP in English 0353 GMT 12 Apr 83

[Text] United Nations, New York, 12 Apr (AFP)--Chad has again complained to

the UN Security Council about alleged "provocation and intimidation" by neighboring Libya. In a letter to the council chairman released here today,

Chadian envoy Ramadane Barma said Libya had violated the letter and the

spirit of a council declaration made a week ago which called on both countries

to refrain from any action likely to aggravate their territorial dispute.

He said Libyan warplanes were continuing to make flights over the Kanem region

well south of the border, concentrating on the towns of Mao and Nokou near the

former supply route used when Libyan troops were stationed in Chad two years

ago at the previous government's request. "These acts of aggression are additional to those perpetrated by the Libyan Government in the Largeau, Fada

and Ounianga Kebir regions in the north of the country," Mr Barma wrote. They

showed that Libya's target was not just the far northern Tibesti area, where

Libya has occupied the Aouzou Strip since 1973, the envoy said.

The 150,000-square-kilometre strip is thought to contain uranium deposits.

In the Chad capital, Ndjamena, Foreign Minister Idriss Miskine said on his

return from New York that the Security Council's hearing of Chad's complaints

against Libya last week had been "a great victory." Libya had done everything

it could to prevent that from happening, he noted.

CSO: 3400/1166

18
ETHIOPIA

REPORTAGE ON VISIT OF SOVIET PARTY DELEGATION

Headed by Vlasov

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 17 Mar 83 pp 1, 3

[Text] Comrade Legesse Asfaw, PMAC Standing Committee and COPWE Executive

Committee member, yesterday received and held talks in his office with

members of the Soviet delegation led by Comrade A.V. Vlasov, Central

Committee member of the CPSU and First Secretary of the Checheno-Ingush

Party Committee.

In the course of the discussion, Comrade Legesse and Comrade Vlasov exchanged

views on further strengthening existing relations between the two friendly

countries and on translating into deeds the agreements reached by the

political organizations of the two countries particularly as regards party

organization and functioning.

Present on the occasion were Comrade Dr Alemu Abebe, COPWE Central Committee

member and Head of the COPWE Nationalities Affairs Department, other COPWE

Central Committee members, Comrade Nessibu Taye, Socialist Ethiopia's

Ambassador in the USSR and COPWE Central Committee member and Comrade Konstantin Fomichenko, USSR Ambassador in Socialist Ethiopia.

The delegation arrived here earlier in the day on 10-day working visit to

seek ways to foster closer links between COPWE and the CPSU.

Comrade Vlasov said on arrival at Bole International Airport that the friendship and cooperation agreement signed between COPWE and CPSU has also

facilitated stronger bilateral relationship between the two countries.

He said his delegation will meet counterparts from COPWE to study the

effective feasibility of the joint agreement of the two political bodies.

The leader of the CPSU delegation also observed that the agreement would

not only strengthen existing relations between COPWE and CPSU but provides

for exchange of experiences as well.

The delegation was welcomed by Comrade Dr Alemu Abebe, Comrade Wondimu Robi,

COPWE Central Committee alternate member and head of Youth Affairs in COPWE's

Organizational Department and Comrade Ambassador Konstantin and other staff

members of the embassy. (ENA)

19
Meeting With Alemu

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 18 Mar 83 pp 1, 5

[Text] Comrade Dr Alemu Abebe, COPWE Central Committee Member and Head of

COPWE's Nationalities Affairs Department, held talks here yesterday with

Comrade A.V. Vlasov, Central Committee Member of the CPSU and First

Secretary of the Checheno-Ingush Party Committee.

During the talks, Comrade Dr Alemu explained to the delegation members led

by Comrade Vlasov on the victories scored by the broad masses of Ethiopia

in the political, economic and social fields in the past years of the

revolutionary struggle and the activities being carried out at present as

part of the revolutionary process.

Meanwhile, Comrade Vlasov yesterday paid a visit to the headquarters of the

Addis Ababa City Council where he was given a briefing on the founding of

the city of Addis Ababa and the structuring and organisation of urban

dwellers' associations.

The briefing to Comrade Vlasov was given by Comrade Abebe Engidassew, Member

of the Executive Committee of the Addis Ababa City Council.

Also yesterday, Comrade A.V. Vlasov, met with comrades of the Foreign Affairs

Department of COPITE and exchanged views and experiences with them.

During the discussion held at the COPWE Central Committee Office, Comrade

Habete-Mariam Seyoum, Deputy Head of the COPWE Foreign Affairs Department

briefed Comrade Vlasov on aspects of Ethiopia's foreign relations.

Present at the ceremony were Comrade Nessibu Taye, Ambassador of Socialist

Ethiopia to the Soviet Union and COPWE Central Committee Member and Comrade

Konstantine Fomichenko, Ambassador of the USSR to Socialist Ethiopia. (ENA)

Talks With Lemma

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 19 Feb 83 pp 1, 3

[Text] Comrade Lemma Gutema, COPWE Central Committee Member and COPWE

Representative for Addis Ababa, and Comrade A.V. Vlasov, Central Committee

Member of the CPSU and First Secretary of the Chercheno-Ingush Party

Committee, held talks here yesterday.

During the talks, Comrade Lemma apprised Comrade Vlasov on the founding of

Addis Ababa, the popular movement in the town in pre-revolutionary period

and the revolutionary contribution of the urban dwellers since the onset

of the Revolution. Comrade Lemma also explained the efforts made to establish the Addis Ababa COPWE and the ideological, political and organizational

tasks accomplished since its establishment.

20
Comrade Lemma said that the broad masses under the guidance of COPWE are

exerting maximum effort for the implementation of the Resolution of the

Second COPWE Congress. He further noted that immense work was being

carried out by the five zones in the capital to involve the estimated one

and half million population of the city fully in all fields of endeavour.

Further stressing that the Addis Ababa COPWE is at present making a great

contribution to spread knowledge of Marxism-Leninsm among the masses as well

as to promote organizational work towards the formation of the party of the

working peoples, Comrade Lemma expressed hope that these activities will be

greatly strengthened in the future.

Recalling that the exchanges of experiences with delegations of the

socialist countries which have been made earlier have also made marked

contribution, Comrade Lemma noted the benefits that would accrue from the

present deliberation with Comrade Vlasov.

Speaking on his part, Comrade Vlasov said that he had been satisfied with

the briefing he had received and pointed out that during his brief stay here

he was able to learn of the active participation of urban dwellers in

different fields and of the important role played by the Addis Ababa COPWE.

Comrade Lemma and Comrade Vlasov also deliberated and exchanged experiences

in the areas of their activities.

Present during the discussions were Comrade Tadesse Gebre-Igziabher, COPWE

Central Committee Member and Head of the Ideological Affairs of the Addis

Ababa COPWE, Comrade Wondimu Robi, COPWE Central Committee Alternate Member

and Head of the Youth Affairs Section in COPWE's Organizational Department,

Comrade Meselech Asfaw, COPWE Central Committee Alternate Member and Head

of the Women's Affairs in the Addis Ababa COPWE, Comrade Konstantin Fomichenko,

Ambassador of the USSR to Socialist Ethiopia, members of the Addis Ababa

COPWE and Head of the Zonal COPWE committees of the capital. (ENA)

Co-ops Visited

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 20 Mar 83 p 1

[Text] Debre Markos (ENA)--The delegation led by Comrade A.V. Vlasov,

Central Committee member of the CPSU and First Secretary of the ChechenoIngush Party Committee, Friday inspected the villages and activities of

two producers' co-operatives in Debre-Markos province, Gojjam region.

When the delegation members arrived at the Abbai Bridge for a working visit

of Gojjam region, they were accorded comradely welcome by Comrade Worku Mammo,

Head of Ideological Affairs of the regional COPWE Committee, Comrade DimtSe

Gebre-Medhin, the regional teputy Administrator, the regional COPWE committee

members as well as representatives of government departments and mass

organisations.

21
Peasant co-operatives in Dejen and Awabel districts in Debre-Markos province

were then inspected by the members of the delegation. Chairmen of the

co-operatives briefed the delegation members on the activities of the

co-operatives and their present level of development together with the

facilities and improved standard of their villages.

During the tour of inspection, the delegation members were greeted warmly

by the peasants who presented performances depicting their culture.

In a statement on the occasion, Comrade Vlasov said that the strengthening of

producers' co-operatives was of crucial importance to the building of a

socialist economy in rural Ethiopia. He pointed out that encouraging results

had been registered in this area, and urged the members of the co-operatives

to increase their efforts in future.

The delegation exchanged souvenirs with the chairmen of the two co-operatives

during the visit.

Present were Comrade Wondimu Robi, COPWE Central Committee Alternate member

and Head of Youth Affairs in COPWE's Organizational Department, and other

comrades.

CSO: 3400/1127

22
ETHIOPIA

LEGADADI BROADCASTING STATION OBSERVES SECOND ANNIVERSARY

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 15 Mar 83 pp 1, 5

[Text]

The The i ege~liEdu&coionaI d• d t Broad d -~i~~o the level of political COVSe6usnes Of

casting Service, which operates under the masses and in velaying eduen'ional

the Edue•tionl Mess M a Depart- information in concrete and simple

went of the Minisry of Edueftion, team.

SSunday marked the second annivftft Cexa-u6 Goshu poinA out that the

ry of the Jaunfing o two OPd" progralmes of the educationl bradweek-end programines. casting sutions were giving tid to the

At a ceremony hld Sunday with. regular educational program=, es, the

in the compound of the depart-. l camagn an tewehex' trainmenit, GComradie Goshu Wolde, ,31inigt- ing aetivities. The number of studeats,

er of Educmion and COPWE CAutr teachers and lieraey followers who 'ae

,Committee ,iember, prented cer- making use of the progimmes is cancates to members of the depertnt's tinuously rising according to Comrade

radio, engineezing and ecA1ial serd- Goshu.

ces sections in recognition of their The MiNister lauded the wok of the

contzibutions to the p.. Legedadi Radio Station and stated

In his statemeat at the ceremoly, that the "healthy learning process" it

Comrade Gashu rad that, because of had embarked upon must contbim.

the need for expanding education both I a statement made esrlier, CfOniM

quantitaivIy an(I qualitatively and of de Yi•un-Belay Me-ugi Heed -,] of the

thereby helping raise productivity, 11 mass Xedia Depextment of the Minibrdcwting stAtions had been set up stry of Education, said that the aim of

to supplement the educational -effort. educational broadcasting is to .ltxodnOutlining the beniefits of the educea- ce new methods of t'eiohirng in order to

tional broadcasting staitios, cGoorad translate the curriculum into deeds.

Goshu emphasized their emnibutims The educational mass media also aIms

in enhancing productivity, popularis- at developing pro ve culture and

"Uig niodern scientific coamepts, raising nmuring u9eful aristic heritages by

23
supplementing and supporting adult

aund correspondent education, he said.

Comrade Yihun.Belay further said

that because of the efforts of the mass

media department to promote such

educationol medio&, the number of

educational broadcasting stations had

increased fTom two to eleven. The faci.

lifies have been strengthened with

modern machines for film Processang

and editing, said Comrade YihunBelay, adding hW the stations had enabled 5,000 students in the regular

elementary azhool level and about a

million followers of the literacy cam.-

paign and orrespondence education tofollow educational programmes from

the different stations.

Comrade Asres Kebede, Head of the

Radio Programme Section, also made

a statement explaining the contents

and preparations of the radio prognunmes. (ENA)

CSO: 3400/1127

24
ETHIOPIA

AETU SIGNS AGREEMENTS WITH WORKERS' UNIONS OF USSR, GDR

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 15 Mar 83 pp 1, 5

[Text]

The All ,£thiopia Trade Union short mid 4ong AM1I up-grading seg- .(AETu) has signed agreements with sionsiwhich wotld be earrled out both

workers' unions of 1he Soviet Union at home and abroad providing train.

and the German Democratic Repub. ing opportunties for tadres and other

lie (GDR) which would lead t members of the AETU.

material and technical ereiva Comrade Tadesse further pointed

and the implementation ofits tran out that the ATEU delegation, during

ing programmes its visk to the two countries, had exThis was disclosed yesterday by changed views with the two countries'

Comrade Tadesse Tamirat, Chiarman trade union leaders on bilateral relaof the AETU, upon his return here tions and had gathered from ihem

from a 20-day working visit to the valuable experiences. The delegation

two countries leading a two-meeTer had toured factories and industrial

delegation. 1.establishments and had witnessIn a statement he gave at the

ATU headarte, Comrade Tadesse ed activities of workers within

said that thea agreemers, s with the their plants as wedl as taking note of

workers' unions qf the USSR and the how socalis emulation drives are

GDR open up possibilities for materi- conducted, said Comrade Tadesse

al and technical assistance and for EN I)

CSO: 3400/1127

25
ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS

ERITREAN KILLINGS BY GOVERNMENT TROOPS---(Embahra)--The Ethiopian Army of Aggression continued its fascist atrocities at (Embahra) last week,killing 16

people, 5 of them children, and wounding 4 others. Recently, the fascist

Dergue shot six (Embahra) residents who were imprisoned at (Alega), having

been arrested at (Begeb). Four of the relatives who had assembled for the

funerals of the recent murder victims were detained by the fascist army

and have been unheard of since. Other reports from the area say that they also

arrested one citizen and killed a number of cattle. IExcerpts] [EA111450

(Clandestine) Voice of the Broad Masses of Eritrea in Tigrinya 0400 GMT 11 Apr

83]

CSO: 3497/6

26
GHANA

REPORT ON CITIZENSV VETTING COMMITTEE ACTIVITIES

London WEST AFRICA in English 28 Mar 83 pp 774-777

[Text] Ben Ephson examines in detail the activities of the Citizens' Vetting

Committee since its first sitting 13 months ago.

BASED at Parliament House in Accra, the For all these years, the highest tax Mr.

Citizens' Vetting Committee (CVC) has Owusu-Ansah paid was C420 per annum.

toured all the regions in the country since He was asked to pay tax plus a penalty of

its first sitting in Accra in February last C6.5m. He could not pay and his assets,

year. The legal backing for the CVC are including all his bank balances as at DePNDC Laws 1 and 18. Briefly, the CVC is cember 31, 1981 were confiscated to the

to investigate persons whose lifestyle and State.

expenditure substantially exceed their As at March 10, 1983, the highest tax

known or declared incomes. There are and penalty the CVC had imposed was

CVC sub-committees in all the regions C12.3m. on a Kumasi businessman, Mr.

which prepare cases for the main CVC to Paul Addai. He is a major distributor, give final decisions on. Its sittings have importer and general merchant in cutlasrevealed shocking cases of tax evasion and ses, carbide and trap wires. Mr. Addai, 50,

corrupt acquisition of wealth. has purchased 14 houses outright the latest

An examination of some of its sittings was in January, 1982 at the cost of

across the length and breadth of the C400,000. From 1977 to 1982, he purchcountry points to a general national dis- ased eight vehicles, the latest in February,

ease: non-payment of taxes. The CVC 1982 at a cost of C300,000. He grossly gives people 48 hours to pay fines imposed misrepresented his accounts and trading

on them but accepts arrangements to activities to the Central Revenue Depart- spread payments over a period of time. It is ment (CRD) with regard to the true

only when people can not discharge their' position of his business and wealth. He

fines that their assets are confiscated to the declared an income of C266,000 in contrast

State. All monies due to the CVC are paid to a turnover of C4.8m. for 1981. The fine

into PNDC Account no. 48 at the Bank of of C12.3m. was imposed on Mr. Addai in

Ghana. July, 1982 and by March 8, 1983, he had

In the Ashanti Region, there was 56- paid half the amount.

year-old Mr. Ernest Owusu-Ansah, a In the Central Region, an interesting store-keeper whose monthly income never case came up before the CVC, concerning exceeded C450 yet who acquired six a 45-year-old bursar of Aggrey Memorial

houses including one valued at C1.8m. He Secondary School at Cape Coast, Mr.

had five cars, three of which he acquired in Albert Afari Krampah, known in business

seven months, between February to circles as Kofi Afari. Between 1973 and

September, 1981, at a total cost of 1977 when he was on a monthly salary of

C472,000. While he masqueraded as a less than C300, Mr. Afari was able to put

common man, he led the lifestyle of a up a house he valued at C22,000. In 1980, Maharaja. he claimed he went to see the manager of

the Co-operative Bank at Cape Coast,

27
opened an account with C200 and came for minors. Since they were able to do this

out with an overdraft of C160,000 without in the time of the PNDC, then one can see

giving any form of security. Whereas he it as an indicator of the level of corruption

was paying about C100 income tax on his in the Ghanaian society.

monthly gross salary of C650, Mr. Afari A critical analysis of CVC's activities

was paying standard assessment of C500 on shows that it is neither against the rich nor

his huge monthly transport earnings of on a witch-hunting mission. In March,

(65,000. The CVC accepted his evidence 1982, the late Mr. Lawrence William Owuof earning C65,000 a month and allowed su, Managing Director of Attakora

him 50 per cent as expenses. On that basis, Brothers Ltd. appeared before the CVC.

his tax and penalty was assessed at C1.2m. He had well over Clm. in his account. Mr.

That was in May, 1982 and by January 1, Owusu's explanation that the funds be1983, he had a balance of C331,000 to longed to the company and had mistakingsettle. ly been paid into his personal account was

It is not only cases of tax evasion or accepted. The reason was that this mistake

illegal acquisition of wealth which have was reflected in the company's audited

been unearthed by the CVC. For. example, accounts at June 30, 1981, six months

Messrs. Kwaku Owusu and Osei Kwaku of before the PNDC came to power.

Kwaku Brothers Company Ltd. in Tamale A 55-year-old cedi millionaire, Mr. Rexin the Northern Region, had over Clm. in ford Obeng, appeared before the CVC in

their deposit account with the Ghana March, 1982. He is a director/shareholder

Commercial Bank at Tamale. The two in 13 companies and owns more than 10

brothers had the effrontery to obtain a loan houses. His accounting system was in such

of C300,000 from the same bank, in addi- a bad state that the CVC gave him time to

tion to another loan of C300,000 from the present audited accounts for the 13 comBank for Housing and Construction at panies, and he was due to appear before it

Tamale. Ironically, other customers who in March 1983.

genuinely needed loans to expand their

businesses were denied such facilities. Exoneration

In Ghana, it is an offence to own more

than one government plot. On State Hous- of ignorance ing Corporation (SHC) forms, there are

portions which requires applicants to de- It is not everybody who is penalised. If

clare whether they have any government the CVC is convinced that somebody is

house or plot. In 1975, Messrs. Kwaku and genuinely ignorant, he is exonorated or

Kwaku used fraudulent means to obtain referred to the Central Revenue Departfour government houses by grossly ex- ment (CRD).

aggerating the ages of children. For inst- Efua Ehun alias Okomfo Nyamekye, a

ance, a five-year-old boy was presented as popular fetish priestess/herbalist appeared

a 27-year-old trader on an annual income before the CVC on March 3, 1983. Owner

of C7,000 and married with five depen- of Akua Nyamekye Herbal Service, she

dants. Another six-year-old boy was pre- had been in business for 18 years, by May,

sented as a 39-year-old contractor, married 1982, and had over Clm. in liquid assets.

with five dependants. When called to appear before the CVC,

she went, prepared accounts and paid total AFRC tax of C145,453, covering 1977/8 to 1981/

82 to the CRD. From her evidence, the confiscation CVC decided that she genuinely did not

When the Armed Forces Revolutionary know that herbalists were required to pay

Council (AFRC) came to the political taxes on their incomes. She explained that

scene in 1979, it confiscated the four most of the money in her account was held

houses. However, when Dr. Limann's in trust for her patients to be used in

Government came in, the brothers used feeding and clothing them. And the CVC

clandestine means to re-acquire the did not find it necessary to impose any

houses. penalty.

In March, 1982, the two brothers suc- , Section 9A of PNDC Law 1, as amended

ceeded in fixing passport photographs of by PNDC Law 18, gave the CVC power to

two of the minors on State Housing Cor- vet a person in absentia, who, when having

poration forms, creating the impression been given, reasonable notice to appear,

that they had regularised the fraudulent refuses or wilfully neglects to appear or

acquisition by holding the buildings in trust where having appeared before the CVC,

28
subsequently refuses to appear again. The rate of import duty collected has never CVC applied Section 9A for the first time exceeded 20 per cent in the past three years.

on March 9, 1983, when a Senior Stores This strongly suggests massive or widespread

Officer Corporation of the Ghana Water and Sewerage tax evasion at our ports. Henceforth, steps (GWSC) was vetted in absen- will be taken to ensure the proper assessment tia. Contrary to the code of conduct of the value of imports declared by import- ria.Contrre a p tof co offier 35 olduct ers. Furthermore, no concessions, what- required of a public officer, 35-year-old soever, will be allowed prior to the clearance Philip Ahwireng Boakye performed similar of goods from the ports. duties for a private forwarding and clearing "Government will take steps to strengthen agency at Tema. He inflated port rents for the resources of all revenue collection agen- GWSC and succeeded in defrauding the cies, so as to improve their tax collection Corporation to the tune of over C2m. Mr. efforts. They will also be expected to invoke

Boakye and had all his assets, including a house all the legal powers granted them to ensure

SandaMite.uHish 

a Mitsubishi car confiscated to the that all taxpayers fully discharge their tax bak bl ncescas ato D d ber liabilities. State. His bank balances as at December "In the final analysis, the success of any 31, 1981, were also confiscated to the measures to improve revenue collection de- State. His bailor was also ordered to pay pends also on the honesty of tax collection off the bail sum of C500,000 within 48 officers. I therefore wish to appeal to them to

hours. discharge their duties impartially and with

The activities of the CVC has made honest devotion."

people aware of their tax obligations as the

following tables indicate. Article 205(4) of the abrogated Third

From Table A, one can see that the Republican Constitution of 1979 stated

collection rate for July-December, 1982,' that "any property or assets acquired by a

was very high and it is likely that figures for public officer after the initial declaration

1982/83 will be double, required by clause (1) [Art 205(1)] of this One feature about Table B is the drop in article and which is not reasonably attribut- Import Licence Tax. Hitherto, business- able [emphasis mine] to an income, gift, men with offices in briefcases applied for loan, inheritance or any other reasonable and got Import Licences. Now, only source shall be deemed to have been genuine businessmen get Import Licences acquired in contravention of this Constitu- which are under tight scrutiny. tion." Article 207(1) empowered the The CVC has filled a very important gap Ombudsman to investigate in lieu of a the erstwhile Limann administration had written admission from the officer conevery opportunity to close but woefully cerned. Article 207(4) enjoined the failed to do. The former President, Dr. Ombudsman to take such action as he Hilla Limann recognised this gap in his considered appropriate on the results of sessional address to Parliament on Novem- such investigation or admission. Section 61 ber 30, 1979: of the 1975 Income Tax Decree (SMCD 5)

clearly spelt out the penalty for making

reverse 

" ... the my declining Government trend in is determined to false declarations and returns in order to revenue collec- reduce taxes. In addition to the payment of tion. Every effort will therefore be made to tax evaded the tax evader is liable on

minimise and, if possible, eliminate tax evasion from which I expect much revenue to summary conviction to a fine not exceeding

accrue. C5,000 and to a penalty of treble the "Secondly, steps will be taken to raise the amount of tax for which he is liable. present low level of revenue collected as tax It is clear that the CVC has effectively from all categories of self-employed persons, combined an improved Article 205 of the For example, whereas from the fiscal year constitution with SMCD 5 to bring sanity 1976-77 through 1978-79 employees whose

taxes are deducted at source, paid a total of and accountability into the Ghanaian soci- C414m. in income taxes, self-employed per- ety. Big time income earners paid insulsons and those on standard assessment paid tingly low income taxes and left the burden only C60m., or just about 15 per cent of on small income earners like teachers, employees' contribution. This inequitable labourers and office clerks. The CVC has, distribution of the tax burden will be cor- on many occasions brought home the rected in order to raise revenue. I even necessity for the Central Revenue Depart- believe that if all sections of the community ment to widen the taxation net. A survey would pay their fair share of taxes, it would of six newspaper vendors revealed average be possible to give tax-relief to deserving onthly earning of s vealed ax

persons. monthly earnings of C5,000 which is tax "The system of revenue collection at the free. A bookman at a lorry park in central ports will be tightened up since the effective Accra makes an average of C800 a week,

29
also tax-free. However, even a Grade II

driver in the Civil Service on an annual

salary of, ,5,352 pays annual tax of C187.

The Citizens' Vetting Committee is one

PNDC institution which has stood.the test

of time and its activities are those which

can even be carried on under a civilian

governmehit.' Regretfully, this is not the

case with other PNDC institutions like the

Public Tribunals and Price Control Courts.

The earlier the PNDC brushes them up,

the better will they serve the purposes for

which they were set up, through the path of

justice and: fair play.

Breakdown of monies collected by the CVC in the Greater.Accra Region as at

March 9, 1983

(i) Total Orders given. 093.7m.

(a) Actual cash collected. 058m.

(b) Payments in transit monies due to contractors from the Ministry of Finance. 03.5m.

(c) Value of properties taken in lieu of payment. 02.7m.

(ii) Total Cash collected. M64m.

(iii) Direct Assets confiscated - (a) 10 cars; (b) 13 houses.

TABLE A

YEAR ANNUAL ESTIMATES AMOUNT COLLECTED

1979/80 0649.9m.

1980/81 01,ooom. 01,ooom.

1981/82 (July 81 -June 82) C 1,2000m. 0 1,700m.

July 82-Dec 82 (6 months) 0906m. 0914m.

TABLE B (some examples for 1981/82)

DETAILS OF REVENUE ESTIMATES AMOUNT COLLECTED

Employees 0286.8m. C386.8m.

Self Employed C45.5m. 0237.7m.

Companies 0350.3m. 0511.8m.

Import Licence Tax 0305.2m. 01 13.2m.

Capital Gains Tax 0771.4m. 01,300m.

SOURCE: Central Revenue Department.

CSO: 3400/1125

30
GHANA

RAWLINGS CRITICIZES TRADERS WHO SEEK TO DISCREDIT REVOLUTION

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 14 Mar 83 pp 1, 5

[Article by E.G.K. Deletsa]

[Text] FLT-LT J. J. Rawlings, over-dependence on fof Flt-Lt Rawlings said

Chairman of the PNDC, reigners for their basic ne- when foreigners come into has strongly criticized eds thexountry and find land

traders, especially, food - Flt-Lt Rawiings told the lying fallow and fresh watsellers who want to large crowd amid cheers er flowing into the sea,

starve the nation and that he is his own barber, they do not believe that

discredit the December carpenter, tailor and that there is hunger in the 3.1 Revolution. teei ugri h he does all other odd jobs country.

The Chairman who was himself in order to run speaking at a rally orga- away from the clutches of He told the workers to

nised by the Nima PDC in: . kalabule" businessmen, aim at higher productivity

connection with its first' He announced that a afte(r which he said they

anniversary, said the de- meeting of market women can start pointing at their

molition" of Makola to be addressed by him and enemies.

Number One -Market dur- other concerned citizens Itouching on theworkers

ing the AFRC regime was a iWould be 6ofvffiied-96on. product allocation, the

psychological manoeuvre The meeting would try Chairman said it should be

takens by the council asla to resolve the ever-rising an agreement between the

womestrdesrt st cost of living and how to workers and managements wom traders ~n deeply in- arrest it. as to what should be given volved in trade malpracti- Addressing a workers' to them. ehe Chairman, therefo- rallyThe workers had earlier

re,,advised those who are Rawlings said utterances called on the Chairman to

actively subverting the on- like neo-colonialism and clarify the point on going -revolutionary pro- imperialism have been whether the allocation had cess cesto toputia put a stop to pro lt to made without from anymeaning ignorance inbenaoihd been abolished entirely neyoor

avoid serious confronta- ihu nymaigi

tion with the people. relation to productivity, the quantity cut.

"Mi "'My fe peomie, reports Rose Hayford -t According to the secre- life is committed to --

the restoration of the di- The Chairman who tary of the'Interim Cognity of life. I ask for your addressed the rally' at the ordinating Committee of

co-operation,'.' Rawlings' Tema Sports Stadium in Wf)Cs and PDCs in Tema,

stated, commemoration bf the ,Mr Anoff, the workers

He repeated his pledge 2bth Anniversary of Gha- understood the Chair-'

that he would riot fail the na's independence last Fri- man's speech to mean that

people so long as they help day, remarked that the the allocation would only

co build the nation. Ghanaian's lust for foreign be "adjusted" but press Flt-LtRawlings said the goods has killed the ent- 'reports indicated that it

current spate of bush fires husiasm of the local pro- had been abolished. This,

all over the country would ducers and the need for he said, created doubts in

be investigated to find out such industries to produce their minds.

whether it is an internally locally their needed raw 'The workers also called

or externally planned sa- materials. for a political programmeý botage or a natural disast- He asked Ghanaians to to direct the revolution1

er. - deny themselves the use of 'successfully.

The Chairman -who certain basic items till such They wondered why the'

dwelt mainly on the topic things could be obtairned idea of the formation otr

"Man and Development" locally to help in the na- people's militia had died a. urged Ghanaians to deve- tional development effort. natural death and called.

lop their creative abilities, for its revival.

be inventive and stop the

CSO: 3400/1132

31
GHANA

ASAMOAH: BUREAUCRACY FRUSTPRATES DECENTRALIZATION PLAN

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 14 Mar 83 pp 1, 5

[Article by George Amosah]

[Texti B UR AUCRATlC de-. the'regions and districts td

lays seem to be frustrat- study and assist in working

ing the smooth imple- out community developmentation of the go- ment programmes.

vernment's decentrali- National servicemen

sation plan. would also be expected to

According to Dr Ansah lead the creative activit.es

Asamoah of the National in the rural areas aimed at

Defence Committee exploiting local resources (NDC) Standing Commit- to achieve their develop-.

tee, ati action programme ment objectives.

drawn to ensure the systematic implementation of Consequently, he advisthe plan is far- behind ed, before servicemen go ,schedule because civil ser- out it would be necessary,

vants with their "charac- for them to acquaint

teristically subtle intrigues themselves adequately

areiifrustratinig the pro-- with local characteristics

gramme. of the assigned area.

Dr Asamoah reaffirmed They must endeavour to:

government's determina- understand the problems tion'to carry this program- and expectations of the me through. As such, as rural folk to be able .to soon as the modalities of work with them effecticertain aspects of the plan vel.%.

had been worked-out, officials who refused to go Dr Asanoah stressed

willingly would have to be that in the absence of this

forced out. important background na- SDr Asamoah said this tional servicemen would

when he stood in for Mr P. find their assignment very

V. Obeng, PNDC Co- frusfrating, ordinating Secretary at the The National Serviceinaugural meeting of the men and Teaching AssiNational Servicemen and stants Association has

Teaching Assistants Asso- been formed to offer members a suitable plat- ciation at the School of form to project their inter-

"Administration, Legon ests. One such area is the at the week-end. He spoke on the "Decentralisation question of their status in Plan and how it relates to themsneversitv as they find

the National Serviceman". themselves fitting in neitHe said the decentrali- ner with the junior nor se- .sation plan presents ama- nior staff of the University.

jor challenge to n.ational The association would

servicemen because as spe- be the recognised body cialists in various fields through which members.

they would be posted to could air their views.

CSO: 3400/1132

32
GHANA

OPOKU: LEARN FROM GDR

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 21 Mar 83 pp 1, 8

[Text] The Secretary for Industries, Science and Technology, Dr George B.

Opoku, at the week-end urged the Ghana-German Democratic Republic Friendship

Association to learn from the development process of the GDR and see how

they could positively apply to the ongoing revolutionary process.

He said the PNDC was at the moment trying to bring together the national

democratic and patriotic forces just as the GDR after the war organized all

anti-facist .forces to build their nation.

Addressing the seventh annual delegates conference of the association on "We

should develop relations between Ghana and the GDR in the interest of our

countries and in the interest of peace and progress," the Secretary called

on all revolutionary forces to join hands with the Government to build a

prosperous society.

The First Secretary of the GDR Embassy in Ghana, Mr Walfgang Fiolko, advised

members to actively participate in the revolutionary process to bring about

a change in the Ghanaian economy adding that the fulfilment of the revolution

should be personal to all members.

He urged them to accept the ideas of Karl Marx to improve upon their living

standards and ensure a better life for the society.

Mr Fiolko said it was the desire of the GDR to promote friendship and understanding among all nations and hoped that this year would be a decisive one

in which international solidarity would be achieved.--GNA

CSO: 3400/1132

33
GHANA

TSIKATA ASSAILS WESTERN INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 15 Mar 83 pp 1, 5

[Article by Kojo Sam]

[Text] The Special Adviser to the PNDC, Captain Kojo Tsikara (rtd.) has

blamed Western intelligence agencies both for his detention during the NRC

regime and the constant harassment by the security agencies in the ousted

Limann Administration.

He said because of his commitment to the African liberation struggle, particularly the role he played in the Congolese and Angolan struggles, the imperialist intelligence network mounted a campaign of vilification to destroy

him in the face of the African struggle.

Such imperialist agencies aided by their local compradors, he said, were

also responsible for the overthrow of the progressive government of Dr Kwame

Nkrumah in 1966 and the assassination of Patrice Lumumba, Prime Minister of

the then Congo Leopoldville (now Zaire) in 1960.

Captain Tsikata was answering questions in a GBC Television programme--Lite

Sean last Sunday night.

The programme was hosted by Mr Emmanuel Allotey-Pappoe of the Social Security

and National Insurance Trust (SSNIT) and Miss Emelia Cromwell Adama of GBC.

The Special Adviser, however, stressed that in spite of the numerous machinations to destroy his political image, he remained committed to the Ghanaian

Revolution, but emphasised that "a revolution does not mean that one must

use violence to achieve any objective".

Asked about his political belief, Captain Tsikata made it clear that he is

an ardent Nkrumaist and, therefore, believes in socialism.

He, however, rejected the agitation that the Ghanaian Revolution should be

chartered along the lines of a foreign ideology and declared: "Revolutions

differ: we, therefore, have to evolve our own way of understanding the situation prevailing in our society."

34
When asked to reappraise the political situation since the launching of the

December 31 Revolution, Captain Tsikata remarked: "We are living in difficult moments. There is a lot of tension in the society especially when

a lot of people are finding it difficult to find food, education and other

social services."

But, he declared: "As revolutionaries, all that we have to do is to gather

these forces of tension and positively direct them for national development."

The Special Adviser, however, admitted that "we have made mistakes which

must be corrected," adding, "things have not gone on smoothly with the

PDCs, for instance, and we have to straighten their functions.

But he defended the formation and existence of the PDcs/WDCs, saying: "we

definitely need a grassroot level of participation in the political affairs

of the country and we think the PDCs are the best organs for mass participation in national affairs." To another question, Captain Tsikata denied

that he was the driving force behind the PNDC.

"I don't have any influence, it is the Chairman who is in direct control of

affairs and you can see from his pronouncements."'

He also denied another suggestion that the PNDC does not meet regularly

and that some decisions are taken without any consultations among the majority of the members.

"Naturally, as a human institution, there is bound to be a time when decisions have to be taken depending on the urgency of the issue at stake.

Members may also have personal differences but it does not mean that they

do not act collectively."

Captain Tsikata replied to another question that even though the PNDC -has

carried out a number of arrests, "none of those involved has been touched;

indeed there has never been any single torture of plotters."

He announced that the Secretary for the Interior, Mr Johnny Hansen, "has

already made a number of proposals on the detainees and very soon the intentions of the Government may be made public."

A lot of political and ordinary detainees, he further announced, have already

been released on medical grounds.

Asked about his relationship with the PNDC Chairman, Flt-Lt. Jerry John

Rawlings, since the AFRC regime in 1979, Captain Tsikata answered that even

though he did not play any major role in the AFRC rule, he was consulted on

a number of occasions in his private capacity.

Since then, they have been in touch with each other but stressed that he

was not in Ghana when the December 31 Revolution was launched.

35
"I was only invited to help and since then, I have been in charge of the

Security Secretariat.

He however explained that he was a member of the disbanded People's National

Party (PNP) at the initial stages of the party's formation but "I had to

leave because I had a lot of misgivings about the PNP which was being run

by a Mafia-type group of people whom Nkrumah chastized."

On the thorny issue of his alleged involvement in the murder of three judges

and a retired army officer, and therefore, his subsequent appearance before

the Special Investigations Board (SIB), Captain Tsikata denied his involvement in the crime and said some people opposed to him manipulated the Board

to invite him to appear before it so that they could use it as a platform to

demand his resignation from the Government.

"It is very clear that the Board is being misused by some people and certain

Western embassies in the country to discredit me."

The Special Adviser hoped the Board would come out with its final report as

soon as possible to clear the air once and for all.

CSO: 4200/508

36
GHANA

CHIEF JUSTICE SAYS RIGHT OF APPEAL NECESSARY

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 15 Mar 83 p 5

[Text] The Chief Justice, Mr Justice F. K. Apaloo yesterday expressed concern

at the absence of the right of appeal at the public tribunals.

He said even though the public tribunals like the regular courts have power

to try offences of dishonesty, the consequences of a conviction would be different depending on whether the suspect was tried by the regular-courts

or by the tribunal.

Mr Justice Apaloo was delivering the keynote address at the opening of the

annual law week by the Law Students Union at Legon.

The theme for the six-day celebration is "Law, Justice and Revolutionary

Change."

The Chief Justice observed that if a person tried by a regular court believed he was wrongly convicted, he could appeal to a higher court, the

rationale being that no human institution was immune to error.

But if he was convicted by the public tribunals, he had no right to appeal

"however perverse the conclusion may be," he added.

Mr Justice Apaloo was not happy about the terms of sentence imposed by the

tribunals and said they were obliged, by the law that brought them into

existence to impose a minimum sentence of three years' of imprisonment or a

fine or both.

Mr Justice Apaloo said even though the justification for such stiff punishment might be to deter people from committing the same offence, experience

had shown that despite the existence of mandatory prison sentences, offences

would still be committed by fallible human beings.

He observed that in spite of the existence of the death sentence, murder continues to top the criminal list in the courts, and added that despite the

passing of the law 22 years ago imposing a minimum of five years imprisonment

for offences concerning Indian hemp, the crime has increased.

37
He urged the revolutionaries who formulate the penal legislative policy to

take a second look at the sentences that have been presented for public tribunals, especially the mandatory minimum prison sentence.

"Touching on the effects the December 31 Revolution has had on the law

and the judiciary in Ghana, he said the advent of the revolution did not

throw overboard the existing laws of the country.

He noted that the idea held by some individuals that the old laws have been

abolished, led to the regrettable excesses committed by various persons and

organisations.

Mr Justice Apaloo further observed that one aspect of the PNDC legislation

which confers judicial power on the government impinges on the traditional

concept of separation of powers.

He quoted PNDC Law 42 section 63 (3) which states "any powers of government

shall be construed to include legislative, executive, administrative and

judicial powers."

Re explained that this section made the PNDC the highest court of the land

and said it was unprecedented and'dangerous.

He said the concept of separation of powers was important because its absence

would make the life and liberty of the individual arbitrary and create a situation where the judge would also be the lawmaker.

The Chief Justice noted that many countries both east and west have seen

the wisdom in depriving the executive of judicial power and said Ghana could

profit from a study of these nations who have made a success of their political administration.

On persons still held in protective custody, Mr Justice Apaloo said many

of hem have not been charged with any offence and it would seem that the

only reason for their continued imprisonment was their holding political office in the ousted civilian government or political party.

Re lamented that imprisonment in such circumstances was becoming a familiar

pattern in the country and said it was an encouraging omen for aspirants to

political office in Ghana.

The function was chaired by Dr R. B. Turkson, Dean of the Law Faculty, University of Ghana.

CSO: 3400/1133

38
GHANA

COMMENTARY ON NEED TO END FOOD SHORTAGE

AB132005 Accra Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 13 Apr 83

[Station commentary]

[Text] The government's announcement of an action program being undertaken to

reduce the acute shortage of food in the country comes as a relief to many

people who are anxious to know how the Provisional National Defense Council

[PNDC] is reacting to a grave national problem. It is a fact that the present food crisis has brought about immense hardships for the mass of ordinary

people, especially workers in the urban areas, and it is also beginning to

tell on their morale as well as support for and participation in the ongoing political changes in the country. Thus, the need for urgent attention

and a vigorous action to ease the food crisis cannot be overstated.

It is true that many factors account for the present food crisis. These include short-term problems like the ravages of the weather and the resultant

poor harvest of the last cropping season, recent destructive bush fires and

the crisis-ridden transportation system which makes it impossible to cart

food to consuming areas in good time. There are also long-term and structural

problems relating to the overall position of food production in our neocolonial economy: the system of land relations in the countryside, the dependence

on backward or imported technology and the ineffective agricultural policies

that have been pursued over the years.

Even though these problems are not the making of the PNDC, as the government

of the day the council has a responsibility of leading the nation to resolve

the food crisis and the PNDC itself, by the policy measures it has proclaimed

in its economic program as well as the just-announced action program, seems

to be aware of both the immediate task of making available adequate food supplies to the people at reasonable prices and the implementation of policies

that will go to resolve the problem fundamentally. This awareness is very

positive and the just-announced package of measures need to be vigorously

pursued in a systematical and coordinated manner. All government agencies,

officers and individuals involved in the exercise ought to see this as a most

urgent national duty to which full attention and energy must be devoted.

The duty entrusted to the air force to do an immediate aerial survey to confirm

locked up stocks of local food for evacuation to needy areas is laudable. But

39
it is obvious that while foodstuffs are kept in barns or sheds, it would be

difficult to locate them from the air. Thus, government officials, the

police and members of defense committees in all districts, towns and the

villages throughout the country must be involved and all relevant information

passed through radio communication to a centralized point. Similarly, the

evacuation of all food imports to consuming areas should be done on the basis

of large-scale mobilization of workers for the exercise to be carried out with

the required urgency.

The distribution system in the country needs to be overhauled and made more

systematic in a way that will enable popular and democratic control by the

people in their communities and work places to be exerted to avoid gross corruption and diversion of commodities.

Fina lly, it must be pointed out that the resolution of the food crisis cannot

be achieved without the taking of political measures which will go to create

the framework within which the problems can be tackled systematically. For

example, there must be political measures to help uplift and strengthen the

morale of the people, guarantee popular power and control over distribution

and effect democratic reforms in the system of land ownership and land relations in the countryside. Political measures must also be taken to meet

destabilization activities of the enemy in the bud and to ensure that reactionary forces do not cash in on the food prices and hardships of the people for

counterrevolutionary propaganda which is ultimately against the general interest of the mass of our people.

CSO: 3400/1173

40
IVORY COAST

SOUBRE'S POLITICS OF FINANCE EXAMINED

London WEST AFRICA in English 11 Apr 83 p 883

[Text] Reporting from Abidjan, Brigitte Vanderveken outlines plans to build a new dam

and power station to help satisfy the ever-increasing demand for electricity.

THE IVORY COAST is a power hungry were mobilised. While the financing of

country. Despite the worst economic reces- electro-mechanical equipment, such as tursion since independence 23 years ago bines and generators, posed no problem,

demand for electricity is still forecast to negotiating for the civil works was much

double during the 1980s. It is expected to more delicate. The Planning and Industry

out-strip projected production capacity by Minister, Maurice Seri Gnoleba, said:

1986. The shortfall could be .made up by "Certain institutions are not interested in

using spare capacity at Vridi thermal pow- the civil works because they generate little

er station, but the cost would at least in the way of direct exports from industrialquadruple that of hydroelectric power. ised countries."

The state controlled electricity company, And so it was left to multilateral finanEnergie Electrique de la C6te d'Ivoire, has cial institutions - led by the World Bank

planned to fill the power gap by building a -- to provide the untied aid totalling giant new dam and power station at Soubrd $266m. to finance the civil works. But it

on the Sassandra river in the west of the was only due to the important support of

country. Soubra is downstream from the Arab funds, participating for the first time

165 mega-watt (MW) Buyo hydroelectric in a major Ivorian development project,

complex opened in 1980. that the necessary dollars were finally

. Soubr6 will be the Ivory Coast's sixth pledged.

and largest hydroelectric power scheme. In return for the support of the Arab

Planned production will be the equivalent funds - the Saudi Development Fund, the

of 90 per cent of current national produc- Kuwaiti Fund for Arab Economic De- tion. 9 velopment, the Opec Fund for InternationAt least seven years are needed from al Development and the Arab Bank of

conception to completion of a major Economic Development in Africa - the

hydroelectric project. This includes feasi- Government was asked that firms on the

bility and engineering studies, arranging Arab boycott list should not be eligible for

financing, tendering contracts, construc- contracts.

tion and start-up. The Ivorian government, the last in

Difficulties in raising the $650m. pre- Africa to break off diplomatic relations

sently needed for Soubr6 have delayed the with Israel, was reluctant to agree. Evenproject by over a year. Present estimates tually a compromise was struck whereby

are that it will not become fully operational the boycott clause would be mentioned in

until 1988. As a result of the delay, the the loan agreements but not in the tender

Ivory Coast could face an awkward couple documents. The Arab representatives have

of years, especially if the economy picks referred back to their headquarters for

up. approval.

Three meetings of project financiers Other funds for the civil works have

were necessary between May 1981 and been pledged by the Commonwealth DeFebruary 1983 before the required funds velopment Corporation, the European In41
vestment Bank and the African Develop- pected to pick up many sub-contracts. In

ment Bank (which includes nine Arab order to save time, contracts for the

members). construction of workers' accommodation

Competition is expected to be intense at the dam site will be awarded to local

for the tenders, which were issued to firms as well.

prequalified firms on March 15. There are Mr. Gnoleba pointed out that the Soubr6

nine French firms among the 22 prequal- scheme involved not only civil and electrical

ified for the prize civil works contract. A works but also "people, animals and

total of 180 firms from 20 countries have crops." More than $30m. would have to be

been prequalified for the nine separate spent on resettlement and the creation of

parts of the total scheme. new infrastructure.

Over 172 sq. kms. of land will be flooded

by the dam and 2,000 hectares of plantations destroyed. An estimated 14,000 peo- Construction ple will have to be resettled. New homes,

schools, dispensaries, water and electricity

supplies will have to be provided. People

will also have to be trained and equipped for

Mr. Gnoleba told the aid donors when new activities such as fishing.

they concluded the financial arrangements "Thus the construction of the Soubr6

in Abidjan recently that the Soubrd dam also involves a global development

scheme would help revive the Ivorian programme in which the Health, Agriculeconomy. The construction sector, he said, ture, Public Works and Transport, Conhad been particularly badly hit by the struction and Town Planning, Interior Meat

recession and the sharp cut in government Production, Forestry and Water Resources

investment. Locally-based firms are ex- Ministries must take part," Gnoleba said.

CSO: 3400/1179

42
KENYA

ILLEGAL BORDER TRADE ENORMOUS, SAYS NDEGWA

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 19 Mar 83 p 2

[Article by Kul Bhushan]

[Text]

THE ILLEGAL border trade be- economic development and in a position to

tween Kenya and Tanzania is support foreign companies. Talking about the recent problems of

tremendous, the Governor of the imports and foreign exchange, Mr. Ndegwa

Central Bank of Kenya, Mr. Philip said the situation must be looked through the

Ndegwa has said. perspective of the last 20 years during which

Mr. Ndegwa said in the very near Kenya had been very generous in providing facilities in everything. future the borders between the two He urged the businessmen to ignore the

countries were bound to be opened temporary setbacks of Kenya for her future

because the pressure was too strong was bright. After exhausting her first stage of

and it cost Tanzania too much to industrial development, Kenya was geared mclosed, for more sophisticated capital intensive prokeep them cducts, he said.

He said this to a group of West German tie cautioned foreign companies in selectexecutives at a luncheon hosted by their ing their Kenyan partners, advising them not

Ambassador in Nairobi on Thursday. to bring in Kenyans who held top jobs in the

He said the economic situation in the Government today and when they lost them,

eighties had become very tough for Africa they became an embarrassment. The criteria

with the erosion of her productive capacity. should be ability, honesty and trustworthiIn Eastern Africa., Kenya was having border ness, he said.

problems with her neighbours. "Choose your business partner like your

However in the very near future, common- wife, it pays in the long run," he said.

sense witi prevail and borders will be re- On slow decisions by the Government

opened for trade, he said. authorities, he agreed that the civil service

Mr. Ndegwa said foreign companies which did not have the speed for decision-making

had chosen Kenya as their headquarters will which was required for the private sector.

benefit ultimately because nothing can He said he had sent some of his officers

change Kenya's geographical position as the from the Central Bank to visit the large

centre of thiis part of Africa, he said. industrial units to see the need for spares for

Kenya was moreover 20 years ahead on themselves and these officers had returned

totally changed in their outlook.

CSO: 3400/1126

43
KENYA

RURAL NEWSPAPER DOING WELL IN KISII, SAYS MINISTER

Nairobi THE NAIROBI TfIIES in English 12 Mar 83 p 5

[Text]

KISII, Friday, (I'NA) - The Kisii acting DC, Mr. Mwaura He called on the reporters

rural newspaper Mwingi at his office after in the ministry to be creative

will not be affected in addressing the staff of Kisii and vigilant in gathering

the current move by the information office where he news so as to keep the people

government to have all rural hailed the good work being informed.

newspapers based at pro- done by the press team. e

vincial headquarters, the He disclosed that the He cautioned reporters

minister for information and ministry will start rural against concentrating on

broadcasting, Mr. Eliud newspapers throughout the personalities and petty

Mwamunga has disclosed, country so as to educate the "You should be impartial "The minister said that people on the policies and and report news accurately

because of its success, popu- development programmes of without showing inclination

larity and good distribution the country, or favour of some personaliof the newspaper, his mini- Due to the current finan- ties," he said.

stry will give the Kisii Dist- cial constraints, the adminirict first priority when funds stration and other govern- Mr. Mwaura commended

are available to have a prin- ment departments should the governmern for starting a

ting press instead of taking assist in the distribution of rural newspaper in the distthe newspaper to Kericho for the rural newspapers as they rict, which, he said had now

printing, enlighten activities connec- become part and parcel of

He said that because of the ted with the government. the local people. He called on

newspaper's content it had He also advised the edi- the government to find

earned several advertise- torial board of the Kisii ways of retaining the present

ments and the ministry newspaper to meet frequen- circulation of the paper

would make every effort to tly to discuss the paper's policy which he said had been rehelp it flourish, and what should be given pri-, duced from 8,000 to 5,000

Mwamunga called on the ority. due to financial constraints.

CSO: 3400/1126

44
KENYA

DOCKERS EXPEL UNION SECRETARY

Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 25 Mar 83 p 28

[Text]

The Mombasa Dockworkers Union "I was not even allowed to act in his (the

executive committee yesterday secretary-general's) absence, have access to7 expelled union files and telephones so as to execute its assistant general my duties effectivelly," added the suspen- secretary on allegations that he ded official. He said he was still the assishad been issuing press statements tant secretary of the union until his suspen- against union officials. sion or expulsion was ratified by the

Mr Maurice Ndoo was last month barred members.

from attending six committee meetings as a Mr Ndoo urged the Labour Ministry to

disciplinary measure. probe the general administration and finanwas The decision to suspend the union official cia mmanagement of the union. No state- taken at a meeting where tight security ments of account had been brought before was from maintained Makupa Police by a Station contingent of Police the committee, he said. "It is wrong for a It is subject to union to operate as one's property while we ratification by a general meeting of the were all elected to serve and promote the union's members, interests of members," he added. Reliable sources in the committee told Mr Ndoo is the fifth elected union official the Nation that Mr Ndoo denied several to be expelled. Only one official remains, allegations made against him by Mr Yunis apart from Mr Yums. - - and that he opted to defend himself before a The Nation was informed that under the special Speaking meeting to of the members. Nation after being union's constitution, expulsion can be expelled, Mr Ndoo said he had been ratified at a members' conference, which subjec- was usually held in July every year.

ted to mental torture and harassment to For the last five months Mr Yunis had frustrate him to quit office. been at loggerheads with the assistant

treasurer, Mr Joseph Mutama, over the Makuli Fagia Club which eventually led to his expulsion.

CSO: 3400/1126

45
KENYA

POSSIBLE CLOSURE OF STEEL CO•fPANY REPORTED

Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 21 NIar 83 p 23

[Text]

Zinc

A leading steel company, Informed sources within the

Brollo Kenya Limited in company said that since 210 tons

Mombasa, is threatened of zinc mysteriously disappeared withhe are said to have taken from the company's premises in

wie th p an t osurew their mid-month advance and Mombasa last year, relationships

due to lack of rawweretogo between the management in

materials. on unpaid leave without a cent- Mombasa and the parent

On Friday, about 70 of the 130 one of the employees said: company based in Italy have been

employees were given notice to "The management never infor- sour.

take their 1983 annual leave in med us in advance what was hap- Early this year the chairman,

advance. pening and the decision to send Mr G. Brollo, requested the

The notice, signed by the com- us on leave prematurely caught Criminal Investigation Departpany's personnel manager, Mr R. us by surprise. ment (CID) to resume their

Kisienya, said that employees He said he received a letter investigations into the disapwhose departments have already signed by the personnel manager pesianc inc tie to stpe-prto ms aealut pearance of the zinc estimated to

stopped operation must take all which said in part: "You are quite be worth more than Sh2 million.

their 1983 leave in advance, begin- aware that the company has been Mr Brollo, writing from Italy,

nng today. The notice advised forced to stop production due to sd tha h had agreed to a

employees to collect their March lack of raw materials. We regret request by the Mombasa office to

salary and leave pay from the to inform you, therefore, that you temporarily suspend investigacash office on Friday. will be required to proceed .on tions by the police so that senior

The departments concerned leave with effect from Monday, officers of the company can carry

are technical office and head March 21, 1983. out precisechecking. office, slitting and plates The employee, who had several He said that since the officers

machine, profiles, workshop and days leave pending, was told that

maintenance, loading and elec- he would be paid for the days but and new and supplimentary

trical. he would remain on leave without results had not been obtained, he

But reliable sources say that pay until he was recalled., had asked the police to resume

some of the employees concerned "Please leave your forwarding their investigations.

have refused to collect their pay. address with the personnel The Nation learnt that a

They have demanded that the department so that you may be number of top officers of the

Kenya Engineering and Allied contacted when the materials company have been questioned

Workers Union should take up have been received." by the police and made statethe matter with the Ministry of ments.

Labour.

CSO: 3400/1126

46
KENYA

FARMERS TOLD NOT TO INTERPLANT COFFEE WITH OTHER FOOD CROPS

Nairobi THE NAIROBI TLMES in English 18 M~ar 83 p 4

[Text] KERUGOYýA, Thursday,, The PC who had earlier

(KNA) - The central pro- officially opened Waigiri

,vincial commissioner, Mr. cattle dip and inspected David Musila, has told coffee cartre nsecorn

Jarmrs theprovnce i hatBaragwa tree nursery, comfarmers in the province that mended Kirinyaga people for

from next season; they will their efforts in eradicating

not be allowed to interplant tick borne diseases and in

coffee with other food crops, promoting rural afforestaand has asked agriculture tion.

extension officers to be vigi-. t anm

lant against this practices. He said the government Muslat whoinst ws adracessig had tightened regulations, Musila, who was addressing governing the supply of farm a mammoth .baraza at Kia- chemicals to protect farmers

nyaga in Gichugu division from being exploited by during a two-day tour of profit seeking suppliers who

Kirinyaga by members of the sold sub-standard or wrong

provincial agricultural board, chemicals to farmers.

said poor husbandry had caused a 37,000 kilos drop in people to live in peace and

coffee prodqction in the lunity and avoid groupings province last year. aimed at dividing them since

He attributed the low yield that retards progress in the

to interplanting of food crops area. He said all Kirinyaga

in coffee farms, te praong people were Nyayo followers

coffee with the wrong, che- and should be guided by the

micals and failure to apply Nyayo philosophy of love,

fertilizers or manure to coffee

plants.peace and SStressing the importance of Adesn tdnso

Stressting, ieportancal oKianyaga High School, the ,tree planting, the provincial PC told parents not to treat

commissioner said from next their educated children as

year saw millers in the pro- superiors, but to teach them

vince must start tree nusenes to appreciate working in the

or show practical evidence of farms. He said white collar

supporting afforestation. jobs were no longer available

before renewing their and told students to apply licences. their skills towards agricuhuHe said indiscriminate fell- thi skillseto

ing of trees should be discour- The Provincial Agricunuaged, and expressed satisfac- ral Board later viewed fruit

tion with the positive response farming in Mewa Prison

by some saw millers, farm.

CSO: 3400/1126

47
KENYA

FAPIER PAYMENT SYSTEM BLAMED FOR FALL IN SUGAR CANE PRODUCTION

Nairobi THE NAIROBI TIIES in English 16 Mar 83 p 9

[Article by James Tumusiimel

[Text]

The publication goes on to September, which necessi- THE say that deliveries of the tated early delivery of anim- cane in the country went major cereal' crops to the als to the KMC.

down by 16 per cent between National Cereal and Produce

June and September, 1982, Board (NCPB) continued to The outstanding credit to

and this has been blamed on increase during the quarter. agriculture at the beginning

the system adopted by the Maize production increased of the period stood at shs.

millers for paying the farm- by 80 per cent over a similar 2,529.7 million compared to

,ers. period in 1981, due to new shs. 2,259 million during

According to the Central maize seed H625 introduced the first quarter, a rise of 12

Bank of Kenya quarterly during the period, coupled per cent.

report, Economic and Finan- with good rainfall in. the Meanwhile a paper precial Review, -seed cotton growing areas. sented at the last week's

production also went down Wheat production rose by meeting by the Society for

by 2 per cent and the repay- 24 per cent, while beans International Development

ment system was equally stock rose to 60,024 tonnes. (SID) has noted that the

blamed for the decline. Rice delivery declined by 4 share of Western Europe and

Coffee production declined per cent over the period. Africa in Kenya's exports is

drastically by 17 per cent According to the publi- relatively declining, while

during the period under cation, good rains combined the share of Middle East, Far

review, and the scanty rain- with better producer prices East, and Australia is infall in major growing areas

was partly responsible for improved milk intake at creasing.

the decline. Kenya Co-operative Cream- The paper by K. L. Sharma

During the same period, eries (KCC) by 14 per cent of the University of Nairobi

the output of sisal and pyre- compared to a similar period on "Agricultural Exports and

in 1981, and cattle intake at Development in Kenya",

thrum increased by 27 and 3 the Kenya Meat Commission hailed the trend of geograper cent respectively, while (KIMC) was up by 40 per phical diversification as this

tea production also rose by cent. The rise was attributed would help to reduce loss in

5 per cent., to the anticipation of drought case of economic recession in

conditions during July- one trading partner,

CSO: 3400/1126

48
KENYA

STEEL MILL PLANNED FOR RUIRU

Nairobi THE NAIROBI TIMES in English 14 Mar 83 p 9

[Text]

THIKA, Sunday, (KNA) - Spininers Ltd. for example has

Ruiru is rapidly growing as an a base in Ruiru. Spinners and

important industrial town. Spinners are manufacturers of

Ruiru town, which until such items as clogs, shoes,

independence was a small knitting yarn and furnishing

shopping centre for workers in materials.

the surrounding coffee and In Ruiru there are two

sisal estates, now accommod- wholly African owned

ate over 10 industries. In Ru- concerns'. These are the

iru today stands a 20-million Mamuki Industries and Dimshillings Towel Industries, the kas Wood Industries. Mamuki

makers of towels, baby shawls, manufacture ploughs, cultiand napkins. vators and spades. Dirmkas

The Ganjivan group of manufacture rulers, pegs and

companies, the manufacturers tooth picks.

of barbed wire, chain links, Industries in the town will

bolts, steel rods and. other ease unemployment problems.

related steel products is establ- The immediate problem to

ishing a steel rolling mill at a industrialists is the shortage of

cost of shs. 100-million wlth a housing, water and lack of

capacity of rolling 60,000 tons effective sewerage system.

of imported billets per year. Population

The importation of billets

will be drastically reduced Ruiru town serves a rural

when the Ruiru will expands to and urban population of

recycle 30,000 tons of local nearly 25,000 people. Accordscrap metal per year saving the ing to the 1979 population

country foreign exchange. census, Ruiru location had a

The company employs over population of 22,459.

500 people. Senior of Si,459.

Ruiru is attracting investors Senior chief Simon Kamau

and some Nairobi-based Gitau of Ruiru said the

industries are considering problem facing the town at the

transferring their operations moment is the provision of

to Ruiru, according to sources. infrastructure for industries

The Dodhia group of and increasing population.

companies of Nairobi have There are two secondary

decided to transfer their schools, three primary schools,

industry to Ruiru. One of their a post office, police station,

subsidiaries, Spinners, and and mobile bank in the town.

CSO: 3400/1126

49
KENYA

COFFEE ACT A14END14ENT RECO1ENDED

Nairobi THE NAIROBI TIMES in English 13 Mar 83 p 6

[Editorial: "The Coffee Board"]

[Text] LASTyear when this newspaper uncovered the

strange relations between the Kenya Cbffee Board

and Mbo-I-Kamiti farming company,, the then

chairman of the Coffee Board, Mr. Samuel

Githegi, and the ministry of agriculture put 'out,

statements attacking our reports and suggesting

that our repo,rts were malicious -and had been

instigated by large coffee plantation farmers who

did not-want the board to help "small" farmers. As

it turned out, the subject of our revelations was

but the tip on an iceberg which some coffee.

growers now claim included the importation of

worthless fertiliser by the board and the

consequent loss of millions of shillings which the

board was trying to recoup by pressuring coffee

growers into buying the useless fertiliser. A court

suit brought against the, Coffee Board by East

African- Acceptances* in connection with monies

paid by the board to Mbo-I-Kamiti was recently

adjudged against the board and it is not clear who

will now be responsible for making good the loss

which the board will incur as a result of the Mbo1-Kamiti transactions. The removal this week of

Mr.- Githegi as chairman of the board is

therefore a welcome move, but more needs to be

done to- prevent a recurrence of a situation in

which the chairman of the board can act as if the

board is a personal fiefdom with the apparent

support of the ministry of agriculture. Coffee is

too important an industry to be left to the

machinations of a few individuals in the Coffee

Board. The coffee act and all other relevant

legislation should be amended to effect greater

CSO: 3400/1126 accountability in this body.

50
KENYA

BRIEFS

USSR TRADE MINIMAL--The Chairman of the Kenya National Chamber of Commerce

and Industry, Mr Francis Macharia, yesterday lamented the small volume of

trade between Kenya and Russia. He was meeting a three-man Soviet trade

delegation to Kenya which arrived yesterday to identify areas which can help

improve trade between the two countries. [Text] [Nairobi THE'STANDARD in

English 19 Mar 83 p 3]

FINNISH AID--Finnish aid to Kenya during 1983 will amount to Shs 130 million

and not Shs 13 million as reported in our yesterday's issue. The report

was supplied by Kenya News Agency. [Text] [Nairobi THE STANDARD in

English 16 Mar 83 p 3]

I1PORT COSTS--Kenya's import costs rose by 33.4 percent between 1981 and

May last year, the latest issue of Central Bank of Kenya's Economic and

Financial Review has said. The report stated that import costs rose from

shs 7,224.27 million to shs 9,635.92 million during the period. The Review,

dated July-September 1982, noted that the largest increases were recorded in

oil, chemicals, manufactured products, machinery and transport machinery.

But it added that on the other hand, export revenue also rose from shs

4,376.03 million to shs 5,130.78 million during the same period. Although

the performance of the economy continued to be weak in the first quarter of

last year, output of the major agricultural commodities continued to increase

because of favourable weather and better producer prices. But it predicted

a subsequent slack in the performance of Kenya's economy "because of troubled

atmosphere of rising inflation and deteriorating world economy." According

to the review, the tourist industry continued to grow in the period under

review despite global economic difficulties. The reports disclosed that

while bed occupancy rose by 1.2 percent, the earnings from the industry

were estimated at shs 1,417.8 million in the first seven months of last year.

[Text] [Nairobi THE FINANCIAL TIMES in English 14 Mar 83 p 9]

SABOTAGE CLAIM DISMISSED--The Central Organisation of Trade Unions (COTU)

yesterday expressed shock at allegations by the Federation of Kenya

Employers (FKE) that Cotu was destablishing the trade union movement by

encouraging splinter groups. The Cotu Senretary-General, Mr Juma Boy,

described the allegation made by the FKE's national chairman Mr T.C.J.

Ramtu in Mombasa on Tuesday as "very unfortunate." Mr Boy said at a press

conference in Nairobi: "I want to make it absolutely clear that Cotu does

51
not and will not support any splinter groups in our unions. Cotu is

committed to the promotion of industrial peace and the welfare of the

workers." He said any union member who was manipulated by power-hungry

unionists should quit his union and remain unrepresented. Mr Ramtu had

accused Cotu of jeopardising the promotion of trade unionism in Kenya by

failing to attend meetings with the FKE. Workers in several unions in the

local governments, the motor vehicle and shoe industries and banking have

lately threatened to form splinter unions. Mr Boy said Cotu did not welcome

the move and he asked the FKE to stop confusing the public. He said FKE was

using the splinter groups as a "scapegoat" to cover the main issue concerning

the disputed formula of the yet-to-be-signed revised Industrial Relations

Charter. Mr Boy added that th4 FKE's strategy was to have the Management

Staff Association headed by Mr Walter Adell and three other unions which

were not part of the industrial unions, disbande. [Text] [Nairobi DAILY

NATION in English 25 Mar 83 p 3]

BORDER TALKS WITH ETHIOPIA--Kenya and Ethiopia have reiterated their commitment to strengthening the existing good-neighborliness and cooperation between

the two countries. In a joint communique signed after a meeting at Kelam in

Ethiopia officials from the two sides stressed the need for more frequent

meetings at which common border problems can be thrashed out. The Kenyan delegation, led by Turkana DC IDistrict Commissioner] Mr. Paul (Genga), included an

assistant minister for cooperative development, Mr Peter Ejore, and the MP for

Turkana East, Mr Japhet Ekidor. The Ethiopian delegation was led by Provincial

Assistant Administrator for (Ginga) District Mr (Benzio Golema), who also

chaired the meeting. Mr (Genga) said the two governments were negotiating to

jointly use the River Omo to irrigate farms and it was imperative that the

neighboring tribes in the area coexist peacefully. Other matters discussed included the recent clashes between the Turkana (Tomural) and Merille tribes

which resulted in loss of human life and livestock. Elders from the Merille

and Turkana tribes took a traditional peace oath to bind them. The next meeting will take place on 26 April. IText] JEA112335 Nairobi Domestic Service

in English 1400 GMT 11 Apr 831

CSO: 3400/1146

52
LESOTHO

GOVERNMENT TAKES MEASURES AGAINST TERRORISM

MB101304 Maseru Domestic Service in English 1100 GMT 10 Apr 83

JText] The prime minister, the Right Honorable Dr Leabua Jonathan, says that

the Government of Lesotho is taking steps to provide special security measures

to protect the Basotho living in rural areas from South African-sponsored

terrorism. Dr Jonathan said this yesterday at a meeting he addressed at

Mapoteng in Berea District.

Speaking about recent acts of terror against civilian targets in Lesotho, the

prime minister said that the government would endeavor to protect everyone,

although there might still be casualties. He said the latest incidents appeared to be directed at the ordinary Mosotho, and the government was already

devising ways and means of improving the security of villages in Lesotho as

part of the strengthening of the general security in the country.

Dr Jonathan advised chiefs and the people generally to report the movements of

the South African-sponsored bandits immediately upon detection so that they

can be apprehended. He said that the nation's survival was in its own hands,

and it was up to everyone to play his part in bringing to a halt the present

onslaught against Lesotho. The prime minister also asked those who were collaborating with the foreign-backed bandits to appeal to their Christian consciences, and he asked the nation to remain steadfast in its faith in God, as

the present wave of terror could be God's test of our faith.

Referring to the attack on the Roman Catholic mission at Pitseng a few days ago

by a group of bandits, including white people, Dr Jonathan said that it was not

a political act but a savage undertaking. He said the mission neither had ANC

bases nor any political relevance, but was purely a church institution helping

students and aged people. He added that it was not the first time that the

Roman Catholic Church had been violently attacked, and he cited as an example

the attempt to burn the Cathedral of Our Lady of Victory in Maseru before the

1965 general elections. He said the same elements which made this attempt are

involved in the Pitseng incident.

The prime minister said that the government will not be intimidated from its

responsibility to protect the church and explained that the two members of the

53
Lesotho paramilitary force who were at Pitseng during the attack there

had been sent because it had already been learned from intelligence sources

that an attack on the mission was imminent.

At yesterday's meeting, three localities of the constituency handed over to

the prime minister 170 taluti, being their contribution for the fund for victims

of South African aggression set up by Dr Jonathan. In addition, the (Malimung)

constituency yesterday contributed a further 160 maluti to the fund. Thanking

for the contribution, the prime minister disclosed that the (total),of contributions in the fund to date were in excess of 50,000 maluti and that the

figure was going to rise much higher in due course.

CSO: 340011145

54
LIBERIA

BRIEFS

MINISTER SAYS ECONOMY SHOULD IMPROVE--The economy of Liberia should start getting better by the end of this year or early 1984. This is the opinion of

the minister of planning and economic affairs, Emmanuel Gardiner. Speaking to

ELBC reporters yesterday, Minister Gardiner said the bad world economic situation has begun to turn around in Europe and America. He indicated the hope

that Liberia will begin to feel this positive turn also. Minister Gardiner

said because of the harsh economic conditions around the world, economic activities in Liberia have not been very encouraging. He mentioned the small production at the LAMCO ILiberian-American-Swedish Minerals Company] and the difficulty in collecting revenues as examples of the economic problems in Liberia.

[Text] TAB111007 Monrovia Domestic Service in English 0900 GMT 11 Apr 83]

PRC LEADERS BEHAVIOR--The minister of information, Dr Peter Naigow, says his

ministry would not heap praises on the leaders of the People's Redemption Council JPRC]. He said the behavior of PRC leaders must agree with what the Information Ministry writes in the papers or says on radio and television. The minister, who said he intends to live in Liberia and does not want to make the

same mistakes others made in the previous government, said we would only be

making fools out of ourselves if our praises of PRC leaders do not correspond

with~their behavior. Speaking yesterday to the ELBC live outside broadcast

team [as heard] during the arrival of foreign leaders, Minister Naigow said

that the Information Ministry was very weak in the first year of the coup. He

said as a result of the weakness at the Ministry of Information, the executive

mansion now puts out press releases that should be coming out of the Ministry

of Information. Mr Naigow also said people outside the country know very little

about the present government and this does not encourage foreign investment.

He said due to the present financial difficulties facing the government, much

has not been done to promote the PRC government abroad. Mr Naigow said his

ministry needs resources to promote the government. IText] JAB110952 Monrovia

Domestic Service in English 0900 GMT 11 Apr 83]

CSO: 3400/1142

55
MAURITIUS

PRIME MINISTER JUGNAUTH ON DIEGO GARCIA, OTHER ISSUES

Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 14 Feb 83 pp 1, 5

[Article by Vine Ramnauth in India]

[Text] "There now exists some disappointment among Mauritian voters, who believe that the government is incapable of satisfying their aspirations and

hopes. It is a fact; disappointment definitely exists in Mauritius. Nor are

the voters responsible for it. It is the country's leaders who bear responsibility for it. They were wrong to make big promises to the people when they

were in the opposition camp. Now they realize that it is not easy to keep

all the promises that were made,"

These thoughts come from none other than Prime Minister Aneerood Jugnauth. It

is the opinion he expressed yesterday afternoon in Delhi, at a "frank and

cordial" meeting with Mauritian students in the Indian capital. Students

anxious to know from the prime minister the current situation prevailing in

Mauritius today asked Jugnauth a series of questions on policies and social

issues.

Jugnauth said that the situation is "very critical" and that it is important

for the necessary efforts to be made to consolidate the economy. Sacrifices

must be made. There is no other choice. "Students who will return home after

completing their studies must not expect a soft and easy life," the prime

minister emphasized.

The Mauritian situation is catastrophic like that reigning in other countries.

Furthermore, the prime minister said, the entire world is going through an

economic crisis. "We cannot blame the former government 100 percent," he

said, "but the situation could have been better if there had not been mismanagement of public funds," in his opinion.

The situation is growing more and more difficult from day to day, according to

Jugnauth. "Zordi nou pe essaie evite ene troisieme devaluation" [We must try

to avoid a third devaluation], he said. That is why we are now at the mercy

of the IMF.

The sales tax is a vital need for our country's economic survival today, he

believes. The government will not be able to get along without it. "Mange

56
na pas ena, soit prend risque enan famine dans madrice soit accepte sales tax"

[Without the sales tax, there will not be enough to eat and there could be

famine in Mauritius]. That is one of the IMF's conditions and the government

has no other choice than to accept it.

Admitting that the MBC [Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation] does not operate

as one would wish, he said that he will restore order as soon as he returns

home. "The problem is that the new director and the minister of information

cannot come to an agreement on certain matters."

On the subject of the strike affecting certain schools threatened with closure,

the prime minister said that "there is no room'for the 'mushroom schools.'

They must close their doors."

And the political crisis that shook the MMM-PSM [Mauritian Socialist Party]

coalition? "It was more of a matter between Paul Berenger and myself," he

told the students.

Diego

"I would have carried out a Falklands-type operation on Diego Garcia to make

our sovereignty prevail if I.had the means which the British prime minister

had to use against Argentina."

Prime Minister Jugnauth made that statement while on a state visit to India,

at a press conference held in New Delhi .on 10 February. Jugnauth thus ex-','

plained, in response to a question, his reaction when Mrs Thatcher told him

last year in London that Diego Garcia would be returned to Mauritius when the

Western countries no longer need it for their security.

The prime minister said that the discussions he had with Mrs Indira Gandhi

dealt with the demilitarization of the Indian Ocean, the summit conference of

nonaligned nations, the international situation and bilateral questions. "I

am satisfied that my visit is going to-be~a great success. It will be of

advantage to both India and Mauritius." In fact, reliable sources in New Delhi

indicate that the Indian Government has promised massive aid to Mauritius.

In addition to financial assistance, India is willing to help Mauritius in

several other domains, including health.

In spite of itself, Mauritius was provided with a nuclear base on its territory, the prime minister said. In the Western nations had truly wanted a base

in order to ensure their security, they should have built one closer to their

own territory. Great Britain looks ridiculous when it claims that the Diego

Garcia base is "necessary for the defense of the Western world."

All that the government can do to recover Diego is to continue its fight on

the diplomatic front and insist on.its demand in international forums. At

the next summit conference of nonaligned nations, Mauritius proposes to present

a resolution dealing with recognition of its sovereignty over Diego. If all

the countries supporting peace combine their efforts and support our demand,

Mauritius will regain its sovereignty over that part of our territory and peace

throughout the region will be a reality.

57
In response to a question, Jugnauth said that. the two superpowers are very

active in the Indian Ocean and that it is out of -the question for Mauritius to

grant privileges to the USSR in order to establish a kind of balance vis-a-vis

the United States in the region. Mauritius has already prohibited any British

or American warships from anchoring, in its territorial waters. "Nevertheless,

the region is open to all nations for navigation and peaceful purposes."

On the subject of Kampuchea's representation at the summit conference of nonaligned nations, Jugnauth said that he shares the opinion of other countries

that favor the "empty seat" formula.

The prime minister condemned the proposal of linking the question of Namibia's

independence to the presence of Cuban troops in Angola. That country is a

sovereign nation, the prime minister said, and is consequently free to request

the assistance of a -friend. A newsman.then asked whether the same principle

applied to Afghanistan.

Jugnauth and his delegation, accompanied by Madun Gujiadhur, left New Delhi

this morning for Calcutta.

11,464

CSO: 3419/660

58
MAURITIUS

LIBYAN DELEGATION EXPECTED FOR'TWINNING CEREMONY' OF TRIPOLI, PORT-LOUIS

Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 4 Mar 83 p 4

[Text] The official program for the visit of a delegation of 80 Libyans to

Mauritius, as part of the "twinning" of Port Louis and Tripoli, was made public

yesterday at a press conference by Lord Mayor Bashir Khodabux.

The delegation, which will be headed by Mahamad Mohamad Ahwaidi Zahra, secretary of the people's committee of the municipality of Tripoli, will be made up

of Abdalah Al Bouaishy, secretary of the people's committee and head of the

economics section, Mohamad Adalah, secretary of the people's committee and

head of communications, and Saif Mohamad, secretary of the people's committee

and head of social security, a soccer team and a cultural troop..

The delegation, which is expected over the weekend, will travel to Mauritius

by chartered plane for a week. During their stay, leaders of the delegation

will be housed in government bungalows in Trouaux-Biches and other members

at the Hotel Merville.

The Port Louis-Tripoli twinning ceremony will take place at 1700 hours on

Wednesday. Lord Mayor Khodabux has stated that for advisers, "the twinning is

not solely an exchange of documents, or mere papers. It is a political decision

aimed at consolidating bonds between the peoples of the Island of Mauritius

and Libya."

Following the twinning ceremony, the lord mayor will proceed to grant honorary

citizenship to Mahamad Mohamad Ahwaidy Zahra.

During their stay in Mauritius, the cultural troop will give performances in

Port Louis, Curepipe, Vacoas/Phoenix and Souillac, while the soccer team will

have games at the St Francois Xavier, Georges V, Belle Vue Harel and Guy

Rozemont stadiums.

Heads of the Libyan delegation will pay courtesy visits to different prominent

persons in the country.

11,464

CSO: 3419/660

59
MAURITIUS

BRIEFS

CHAMPAGNE HYDROELECTRIC PLANT--The government has recently proceeded to complete a total reevaluation of the cost of the project to build the Champagne

River hydroelectric plant. According to the most recent estimates made in

January, the project will c6st 538 million rupees, compared with the initial

estimate of 389 million, an increase of 148.8 million rupees. At the end of

last year, the CEB [Central Electricity Board] estimated that the project would

cost 514.8 million rupees'. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French

25 Feb 83 p 1] 11,464

MINISTER BHAYAT ON NATIONALIZATION--Minister of Commerce and Industry Kader

Bhayat assured investors yesterday that the industrial sector in general will

not be affected by the government's nationalization program. On the contrary,

he said, the government will takethe necessary measures in order to create

a suitable environment for the establishment of new industries in'an atmosphere

of competition permitting optimum use of the country's resources. Asked to

address the general assembly of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Bhayat

emphasized the efforts being made by the government for the purpose of promot-'-

ing investments and exports. He also told merchants that the latter must not

expect the government to take extensive measures to liberalize imports because

the situation of our trade balance is still precarious. [Excerpt] [Port Louis

LE MAURICIEN in French 24 Feb 83 p 1] 11,464

FRENCH AID--The French aid package for the 1983-1985 period will amount to

115 million French francs (about 180 million rupees). That is what was decided

at the eighth session of the French-Mauritian joint commission meeting held in

Paris from 22 to 25 February. The aid is more than the sum received in 1981

for the 1981-1983 period, which was on the order of 80 million francs (about

120 million rupees), but is less than what the government had requested. Actually, the government had submitted about 30 projects for a sum of 235 million.

[Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 28 Feb 83 p 1] 11,464

BUSINESSMEN PLAN FREE ZONE IN REUNION--A dozen Mauritian businessmen, accompanied by their legal adviser, Gaetan Duval, have gone on'a "prospecting mission"

to Reunion in order to study the possibility of setting up a free zone in the

St Andre commune. The delegation was, headed by Ibrahim Abdoolah, who heads

several enterprises, including the Lamco Insurance Company, the Marlon Shirt

Factory and Austrex, Ltd (Mauritius). It included, among others, Goolam

Nabee, bus manufacturer and hotel director, and A. Soodheen, a very well-known

merchant in Port Louis. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 22 Feb

83 p 1] 11,464

60
BUDGET DEFICIT--The trade balance for the first half of the 1982-1983 fiscal

year showed a deficit of 225 million rupees. Our exports during that period

brought in 2,357,700,000 rupees, while imports cost 2,582,700,000. The deficit

is smaller than that recorded between July and December 1981 by 103.5 million

rupees. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 5 Mar 83 p 1] 11,464

FRANCE DONATES HELICOPTER-'-The French Lama helicopter, a gift of the French

Socialist Government to the Island of Mauritius within the framework of technical cooperation, arrived in Mauritius yesterday afternoon. The helicopter,

brought in pieces by the Air France cargo plane, is now in a hangar at the

Plaisance Airport. The helicopter pilot, Frenchman Jean-Yves Cartereau, also

arrived yesterday on Air France. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French

4 Mar 83. p 4] 11,464

FSCC WANTS ARTICLE 113 AMENDED--The Federation of Trade Unions of Public Authorities (FSCC) has decided to move into action to force the government to amend

Article 113 of the constitution which, in its current form, constitutes a

threat to job security of employees of paragovernment agencies. It will be

recalled that this.clause of the law was modified by the new government shortly

after it went into office. Without clarifying the nature of-actions planned

by the Federation, Claude Genevieve, president of the FSCC, nevertheless announced that a wide-ranging campaign will soon be launched at the level of the

31 affiliated trade unions in order to make employees of the sector aware of

the threat constituted by the Damocles sword hanging over their heads.

[Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 4 Mar 83 p 1] 11,464

INFLATION RATE--In 1982, Mauritius had an inflation rate of 11.4 percent,.3.1

percent lower than that of the previous year. This rate is also the lowest

recorded since 1979, the year of the first devaluation of the rupee. The figures for 1979, 1980 and 1981 are 14.5, 42 and 14.5 percent respectively.

[Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 22 Feb 83 p 1] 11,464

BRITISH INVESTORS--A group of British businessmen is now visiting Mauritius

for the purpose of seeking out Mauritian partners for the launching of joint

ventures. The group is being accompanied by Donald Moore and Chris Knight of

the International Marketing and Economic Services (IMES). The latter is a

British organization that tries to promote investments in Mauritius among British businessmen. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 10 Feb 83 p 4]

11,464

LIBYAN AID PROMISED--Returning this morning on board a Gulf Stream II aircraft

of the Libyan Arab Airlines, Prime Minister Aneerood Jugnauth called his two

official visits to India and Libya "successes." 'The plane, with a maximum

capacity of 19, was made available to the prime minister during his visit to

Libya by Col Mu'ammar Qadhdhafi. In a statement made as he left the plane,

Jugnauth reviewed the main lines of the, success. Among other things, he confrmed the holding of meetings of the Mauritus-India and Mauritius-Libya joint

commissions in April. The former will meet at the beginning of April and the

latter during the second half of the same-month. Precise dates have not yet

been set. Jugnauth also announced the obtention of Libyan aid amounting to

61
10 million rupees, aid that will be used to finance the construction of a

vocational rehabilitation center (3 million rupees) and a building to house the

Intermediate Criminal Court (7 million rupees). Two Libyan officials in

charge of protocol accompanied the prime minister of Libya to Mauritius.

[Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 21 Feb. 83 p 1] 11,464

OPEC AID--The OPEC Fund for International Development gave approval this week

to an aid request formulated by the government late last year to make up the

deficit in the balance of payments. The aid., amounting to $2 million (about

22 million rupees), was approved by the OPEC board of directors meeting on

Tuesday. The loan will carry interest of 6 percent annually, plu~s 1 percent

for servicing of the debt. The loan'will be paid back over a period of 7 years,

including a moratorium of 3 years. The OPEC Fund.is now finalizing documents

relating to the loan, which will soon be turned over to the government for

confirmation. [Text] [Port Louis LEMAURICIEN in French 19 Feb 83 p 4]

11,464

LABOR UNIONS' COMMON FRONT--According to all indications, 'this is the end of.

the government's "period of grace." In fact., the country's five trade union

confederations have joined together in a Common Front that will-lead to the

creation of a single'confederation. °Without seeking any direct confrontation

with the government, the confederation will play the role of an extraparliamentary opposition, according to statements made on Saturday by leaders of the

FSN [presumably National Trade Union Federation],.the GWF [General Workers

Federation], the MLC [Mauritius Labor Congress], 'the FTU [United Workers Federation] and the FPBU [expansion unknown]. A letter was sent to the prime minister

and all members of the government in order to explain the objectives of the

Front and affirm the determination of the trade union confederations'not to

yield before the measures of the IMF and the World Bank against wage earners

and consumers. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 14 Feb 83 p 4]

11,464

FRG TO AID SMALL PROJECTS--In the near future, Mauritius may enjoy financial

assistance for projects whose initial investment does not exceed 15,000

German marks (about 60,000 rupees). It was after a working meeting between

Minister of Foreign Affairs Jean-Claude de l'Estrac and Peter Scholz, ambassador from the Federal Republic of Germany, who is visiting Mauritius, that the

German assistance was reiterated. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in

French 15 Feb 83 p 1] 11,464

AROUFF ON FOREIGN INVESTMENT--The Chamber of Commerce and Industry is very

concerned by the question of investments. Speaking of the prospects for 1983

in the information bulletin of the Chamber, its president, Benoit Arouff,

has stated his belief that the capacity of.Mauritius to attract foreign capital depends on several factors: its image abroad; relations maintained

abroad; promotional and publicity campaigns; maximum exploitation of the markets in Gulf countries; the EEC, the United States and countries in the region;

and the feeling of security that we wish to create in investors by our statements and actions. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 12 Feb 83

p 4] 11,464

CSO: 3419/660

62
MOZAMBIQUE

KOREAN OFFICIALS VISIT, PLEDGE MORE ASSISTANCE

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 18 Feb 83 p 8

[Text] The Seventh Summit of Non-Aligned Countries and strengthening bilateral

cooperation were the main topics of talks held yesterday in Maputo between

delegations from Mozambique and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea,

headed by Valeriano Ferrao, state secretary for foreign affairs of the People's

Republic of Mozambique and Kim Ze-bong, deputy minister of foreign affairs of

the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, respectively.

The North Korean diplomat arrived in Maputo Wednesday evening from Harare,

leading a government delegation made up of Nam Gui-pio, deputy director of the

Ministry of Foreign affairs, and Zeng In-gong, an official from that Korean

ministry.

During the conversations held yesterday at the headquarters of the Ministry of

Foreign Affairs in the capital, the Mozambican State Secretariat referred to

the frequent contacts between the two countries in the beginning of the two

Marxist-Leninist parties, the FRELIMO Party and the Korean Labor Party.

Relations between the two nations go back to the armed struggle for the liberation of Mozambique, the Mozambican diplomat said. Referring to the militant

position shared by the People's Republic of Mozambique and that Asian socialist

country in the Non-Aligned Countries movement, the state secretary for foreign

affairs said that it was apparent because they had expressed the same views in

that international forum.

In regard to the various types of aid granted by North Korea to Mozambique,

Valeriano Ferrao said that it included political, economic and diplomatic support.

In his statement, the Korean leader praised Mozambican efforts to overcome

underdevelopment and to erase the legacy of colonialism.

He also supported Mozambique's determination to repel the racist maneuvers of

Pretoria and its preparations for the Fourth Congress of the FRELIMO Party.

Confirming the position of his country on assistance to Mozambique, Kim Zebong assured that it would be expanded in political, military, diplomatic and

economic fields.

63
Kim Ze-bong stressed Mozambique's role in the Non-Aligned and praised the

progress made by forces headed by ANC and SWAPO in the armed struggle for the

liberation of Southern Africa.

The Korean team, accompanied by the state secretary for foreign affairs and

other officials from his Ministry, laid a wreath of flowers on the Monument to

Mozambican Heroes and visited the Museum of the Revolution in the afternoon.

In the evening, the Korean delegation was honored at a dinner at one of the

restaurants in the capital, offered by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of our

country.

The North Korean ambassador to Maputo, Kang Su-myong, attended all the events.

9805

CSO: 3442/161

64
MOZAMBIQUE

RESULTS OF MACHEL'S VISIT TO USSR, GDR ANALYZED

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 17 Mar 83 p 1

[Text] Resolutions of the FRELIMO Party's Central Committee of the Political

Bureau and of the Permanent Commission of the People's Assembly on the working

friendship visits which President Samora Machel made at the beginning of this

month to the Soviet Union and the German Democratic Republic were made public

yesterday. They are reprinted in their entirety below:

Joint Resolution of the FRELIMO Party's Central Committee of the Political

Bureau and of the Permanent Commission of the People's Assembly:

1. At the invitation of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the

Soviet Union, of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, and of the Council of

Ministers of the USSR, Marshal of the Republic Samora Moises Machel, president of the FRELIMO Party and president of the republic of the People's

Republic of Mozambique, made a working visit to the USSR on I and 2 March

1983.

2. The FRELIMO Party's Central Committee of the Political Bureau and the

Permanent Commission of the People's Assembly, in order to evaluate the

report on the visit, met in joint session on 14 March 1983.

The two bodies recorded with satisfaction that:

(a) The visit reinforced the ties of fraternal friendship and socialist

solidarity and cooperation between our two parties and peoples, and reaffirmed

the strategic nature of the alliance between the two states based on universal

Marxist-Leninist principles, proletarian socialism and the principles embodied

in the Friendship and Cooperation Treaty. The visit also constituted an opportunity to reaffirm the inclusion of the Mozambican people's struggle in the

global fight of the socialist community for peace and socialism.

(b) The identity of viewpoints on the various matters discussed allowed for

planning joint actions in the political and ideological, economic, military

and diplomatic fields.

(c) The results with reference to bilateral cooperation were substantially

positive, in particular in the strengthening of cooperation between the

65
FRELIMO Party and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, in.the development

of economic relations and in the strengthening of the defensive capability of

the People's Republic of Mozambique.

3. With a view toward strengthening and deepening the relations between the

Mozambican and Soviet peoples and between the two parties and states in the

common struggle for peace and socialism, the joint session of the FRELIMO's

Party's Central Committee Of the Political Bureau and the Permanent Commission

of the People's Assembly made the following decisions:

(a) To hail the successes achieved and to regard these results as an important

development in the relations between the People's Republic of Mozambique and

the USSR. The session regarded the reinforcement of relations of friendship

and solidarity between the Mozambican people and the Soviet people and between

the two parties and states as constituting an important contribution to their

common struggle for peace and socialism.

(b) That party and state organs should promote actions designed to give an

organizational structure to the mutual agreement reached and to promote friendship and solidarity even more between the two parties, peoples and states.

Maputo, 14 March 1983.

The struggle continues!

9972

CSO: 3442/173

66
MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

ITALY DONATES RICE--Yesterday the Italian Government delivered 7,000 tons of

rice under a food aid agreement signed between our country and Italy last June.

The event occurred in Maputo port on board the ship, "Marina Di Alimuri," in

the presence of the Italian Ambassador to our country and the National Director of Domestic Trade, Carlos Carvalho. Carvalho said on the occasion that

this donation represented a gesture of true solidarity and that the Italian

people have traditionally supported Mozambican food programs. The rice will

go to people in the southern part of the country, including the city of Maputo.

The unloading of the rice has been taking place since 8 February and was completed yesterday in the capital. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 18

Feb 83 p 8] 9805

HUNGARY DONATES CLOTHES--Hundreds of crates of food, clothing and medicine,

sent by Hungary as a gesture of solidarity with Mozambique, were delivered

yesterday to the State Secretary of the Mozambican Association of Friendship

and Solidarity with the People (AMASP), Abner Sansao Muthemba, by the Ambassador of that European socialist country, Gabor Suto. A ceremony to commemorate

the gift was held at one of the stores on FPLM Avenue in Maputo. The donation,

amounting to about 18 tons of goods, is from the Hungarian people in support

of the Mozambican people, and especially those people most affected by the

drought, and it was sent by the Solidarity Committee of the People's Republic

of Hungary to its sister organization, AMASP. As the two officials exchanged

the documents representing the donation, they expressed a mutual desire to

strengthen cooperation and solidarity, which go back to the time of the Mozambican people's struggle for liberation. The extraordinary and plenipotentiary

ambassador of the People's Republic of Hungary said on the occasion that the

gift was an insignificant contribution, but that it "reflects the true solidarity of my nation which shares the difficulties you are experiencing as a

result of natural disasters and aggression." The AMASP secretary general in

turn expressed gratitude for the donation, saying that it reflected the profound feelings of solidarity that Hungary continues to have, as it did during

the struggle for national liberation, and that "to us this means that Hungary

continues to be our true friend." As Abner Sansao Muthemba said in guaranteeing that the priority proposed by Hungary for distributing these products

would be carefully observed, "these are the best friends a nation can have--

the ones who do not hesitate and who offer to help and sacrifice for the wellbeing of others." [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 18 Feb 83 p 2] 9805

67
PORTUGUESE SCHOOL IN MAPUTO--The Portuguese Government published in the DIARIO

DA REPUBLICA an ordinance to establish a Portuguese school in Maputo. This was

approved by the Mozambican Government and will be built by the Portuguese. The

Portuguese community in Mozambique has been waiting for some time for the publication of the ordinance establishing the school. It will be attended by the

children of Portuguese citizens living in Mozambique. Mozambican authorities

authorized the opening of this educational facility in 1981. Since then the

Portuguese Government has been studying the project, particularly with regard

to teaching, administrative and financial issues. The school was scheduled

by the Portuguese Embassy in Maputo to open during the last quarter of 1982,

but it was delayed because of difficulties the Portuguese government encountered in implementing the project. A survey conducted by the Portuguese Embassy

among its citizens living in Mozambique showed that the school could be of

immediate benefit to more than 1,500 children. In the initial stage, the

school is expected to cover pre-primary and primary grades. In the future,

there is a possibility that the secondary level will be introduced, depending

on the number of students and other factors. During the visits to Mozambique

of President Ramalho Eanes and Prime Minister Pinto Balsemao, Portuguese citizens indicated that one of their primary concerns was to see the school start

operating as soon as possible. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 8 Feb

83 p 8] 9805

USSR DELEGATION--A delegation from the Soviet Union headed by Valdimir Konkin,

deputy minister of the State Committee for Technical and Professional Education, is expected today in Maputo. The Soviet delegation will establish contacts in the Mozambican capital with the minister of education and culture,

and specifically with the National Directorate of Technical Education, to look

into the status of cooperation in this area. At the end of the mission, which

will last one week, contracts will be signed, according to information from

the Ministry received by our editors yesterday. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in

Portuguese 25 Feb 83 p 2] 9805

ARGENTINA CP DONATION TO FRELIMO--The Argentine Communist Party in the People's

Republic of Mozambique recently donated to the FRELIMO Party a check in the

amount of 35,000 meticals, in support for the fourth congress, according to a

letter sent to our editorial office by the Argentine CP. The letter went on to

say that "our Marxist-Leninist cell which was recently formed is aware of the

importance of the congresses of sister parties, in that they become true people's tribunals where progress and advances are assessed and the work of future

years is outlined. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 25 Feb 83 p 2] 9805

MARCELINO DOS SANTOS IN ROME--The secretary of the Central Committee for Economic Policy of the FRELIMO Party, Marcelino dos Santos, said in Rome on Wednesday that Mozambique would always support the struggle of the African National

Congress (ANC) in South Africa. Marcelino dos Santos spoke at the ceremony

at which he received the title of "Roman Citizen" bestowed on the leader of

the ANC, Nelson Mandela, who has been a prisoner in South Africa for more than

20 years. "We are convinced that in the not too distant future, we will be

able to present this honorary title to Nelson Mandela, after freeing him from

68
the grasp of the South African police," Marcelino dos Santos said. The president of the municipality of Rome and a member of the Italian Communist Party,

Hugo Vetere, pointed out that Nelson Mandela had devoted his entire life to

fighting against the "inhumane apartheid regime." Mandela was convicted in

1962 and was given a life sentence by the Pretoria regime for his struggle

against the discriminatory regime in South Africa. Detained up to last year

on Robben island-prison, Mandela was then transferred to the Cabo city jail.

The international Anti-Apartheid Movement last year started a campaign to put

pressure on the Pretoria regime to release Nelson Mandela. Meanwhile, at the

express wish of the ANC, the title of Roman citizen conferred on Nelson Mandela

will remain in the archives of the People's Republic of Mozambique until the

liberation of the South African people from the apartheid regime. As for the

choice of Mozambique to represent Mandela in the Italian capital, this was also

made by the ANC on the basis of the fact that Mozambique has always given its

support to the just struggle of the South African people, led by the African

National Congress. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 18 Feb 83 p 8] 9805

GDR DONATES BOOKS--A total of 129 diversified literature books and 14 records

for learning the German language were presented to the National Library yesterday in Maputo by Dieter Folder, counselor of embassy of the German Democratic Republic. The pedagogical material presented yesterday, besides books

and records, also included dictionaries and other monographs which for the

most part were markedly revolutionary in character, dealing with economic

problems of the GDR and other countries. According to the GDR counselor of

embassy, these books are being presented by his country's Women's Commission.

The commission organized a business which realized a profit of 1,300 marks

(approximately 20,000 meticals). Then they used this money to buy the books

which were presented to the People's Republic of Mozambique. Joaquim Chigogoro,

director of the National Library, expressed thanks to the people of the GDR for

this gesture and for the solidarity it showed especially at this time when all

the people here are finishing up preparations for the Fourth Congress. The

books soon will be ready for readers to use, even before being catalogued;

this is being done so that those interested can get a view of universal problems, particularly in the economic sector. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in

Portuguese 16 Mar 83 p 2] 9972

COASTAL COMMUNICATIONS STATION PLANNED--The construction of a future coastal

communications station in Nacala, Nampula Province, will begin shortly. The

newspaper NOTICIAS, which reports this, adds that this work is part of the

project to establish a national telecommunications network for Mozambique

merchant shipping. The same source further said that a similar station is now

at an advanced stage of construction in Maputo, and the third station will be

built in Beira. 'Meanwhile, all the equipment to establish a future maritime

communications station, which will be built by an Italian enterprise that

specializes in the field, has already arrived in Nacala. LText] [MB090905

Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 0800 GMT 9 Apr 83]

CSO: 3442/184

69
NAMIBIA

FORMULATION OF NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY URGED

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 8 Apr 83 pp 5, 12

[Text] A committee of experts drawn from all population groups should be

created to formulate a national policy on education for a unitary Namibia.

This call was made by Mr Festus Muundjua, Head teacher at the Rossing Foundation

Education Centre in Windhoek. He was addressing the Namibia Educational Forum

as guest speaker at its latest meeting last week.

Mr Muundjua said education in Namibia leaves much to be desired, especially

for the Non-Whites, since there is no authority like a ministry of education

to control the education of the country.

He said he did not con- isolated issue from the real riculum which had very lit- teacher?," Mr Muundjua sider the Department of national issue of political tie or no relevance to the asked. National Education a independence for Namibia. Namibian situation -- es- "I do not think that we national institution. '_ Mr Muundjua said he pecially as seen from a would rely on patchwork Department of Bantu believed education for the Black perspective. and stopgap measures Education or Department Non-Whites was not only UNTRAINED when the situation is so of Ethnic Education would inferior, but also badly ad- Mr Muundjua referred bad that it calls for radical be more applicable and ministered. to various official reports changes to put things more in keeping with what It did not liberate, but and& -sa-7 lir --ty-- -Non- f right." it really is, Mr Muundjua controlled the mind of the White - teachers- were FRUSTRATING said. -Non-White. child. Critical professionally untrained. The shortage of clas- "This is because our in- thinking and free academic Teachers with Standard 7 sroom accommodation in terirn constitution - the discussions in the clas- as their highest qualifica- practically all Non-White notorious "AG 8" - is in srooms were not allowed, tion made up 65 percent of schools was another

essence a negation of the while the emphasis was on the teaching corps. The frustrating problem. There

very concept of central obedience, level of instruction was were overcrowded schools, authority." Its main pre- The Department - of therefore unsatisfactory. many with large numbers occupation, he added, was National Education is not National Education was of pupils, as many as 70

to emphasise ethnic educa- capable--6T-atCi -n-y'-- trying to raise the level of per class. tion to perpetuate division, genuine action to solve the education of untrained Many Black schools

EXERCISE problems in Non-White teachers through in-service were using the platoon- IN FUTILITY schools at present, Mr training and part-time system of afternoon ses- "As long as we do not Muundjua said. courses, lasting 1-4 weeks, sions but physical and have a national policy of "Education in Namibia, "But, can these profes- mental fatigue on the part education for the whole in its present form, is part sionally untrained teachers of the youngsters resulted.

country the exercise of of an oppressive system be transformed into trained Supportive facilities such education as it is today which serves foreign in- teachers in subjects like as libraries and would --be an exercise in terests, such as racism, maths, science, English, laboratories usually did not futility," Mr--Muundjua ethnicity and White etc., over a period of 1-4 exist, and if a school was warned, domination," he said. weeks, where it usually lucky to have such The educational ques- The government schools takes 3-4 years to produce facilities, it may not have tion cannot be taken as an in SWA use the Cape Cur- a professionally trained trained staff to utilise them.

70
Mr Muundjua said he, imately 1 000 were Whites- vital function of socialising said such a system would

had the impression schools Of the 407 which obtained and orientating young remove mutual fear, suspiwhich did not resort under exemption to go to univer- children for subsequent cion and hatred which

the Department of sity, 377 were Whites and formal education, Mr have been engendered by

National Education were 30Non-Whites.. Muundjua said. apartheid.

better off. During 1980 .- C'lTr"ke-lie While poorer countries "Schools, under-utilised

and 1982 the failure rate in #Ella du Plessis, Dr Lemmer like Zambia and Kenya because of ethnic restricthose schools was 55 per- (and Tamariskia each had have started on these tions would now open up

cent in comparison to 80 one pupil which obtained a programmes, Namibia has for pupils and students of

percent in schools which university exemption while not even begun to think other groups," Mr Muundfell under the Department. D6bra and the about them as far as the jua remarked.

"Should this surprise Augustinium had only two Blacks are concerned, he He also siggested that

anybody when you hear and three respectively. said. more English medium

that 65 percent of the Seventeen students pas- He also spoke out schools should be built in

teachers in the employ of sed with distinction. They against discrimination Namibia.

the Department, of all came from White against Black staff Apartheid in schools has

National Education have, schools. regarding their appoint- to go, but the present

only passed Stand-arUif" NON-EXISTENT ment in the Department to Department of National

M Muundjua .asked. - Pre-school education for senior positions. Education cannot do so as

Altogether 1 372 stu- Non-Whites was virtually Mr Muundjua pleaded long as Namibia is a

dents wrote the Cape non-existent. for an integrated multi- colony of South Africa,"

Matric in 1982. Approx- Kindergartens performed a racial school-system and Mr Muundjua concluded.

CSO: 3400/1176

71
NIGER

RESULTS OF PRESIDENT'S PAKISTAN VISIT

Niamey LE SAHEL in French 8 Mar 83 p 1

[Article by Abdoulaye Boureima: "End of the Official Visit of President

Kountche to Pakistan"]

[Excerpt] The head of state, General Seyni Kountche and the members of

his delegation left Lahore Sunday morning after Niger and Pakistan had

decided to promote their cooperation in trade particularly by signing a

protocol relative to the establishment of a joint trade commission. This

commission will contribute particularly to the development and intensification of trade between the two countries which henceforth will be able

to organize trade fairs advantageous to the two parties. At the end of

his visit to Pakistan, President Seyni Kountche invited his Pakistani

counterpart to visit our country where the first meeting--next year

probably--of the joint Pakistani-Nigerian cooperation commission will

take place.

9824

CSO: 3419/659

72
NIGER

CANADIAN COOPERATION AGREEMENTS SIGNED

Niamey LE SAHEL in French 2 Mar 83 p 2

[Article: "Two Cooperation Agreements Between Canada and Niger Signed"]

[Excerpt] Yesterday, at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation,

the minister of foreign affairs and cooperation and the Canadian ambassador

to Niger proceeded to sign two cooperation agreements for a total value of

Fr CFA 5.845 billion. The following is the joint press communique which

ratified the signing of the two agreements. His Excellency Mr. Ernest

Hervert, Canadian ambassador accredited to the Niger Republic and His

Excellency Mr. Daouda Diallo, minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation

proceeded today, Tuesday 1 March 1982, to sign two cooperation agreements

for a total value of Fr CFA 5.845 billion. The first agreement according

to which Canada will open a line of credit in the form of a grant benefiting

Niger for a value of Fr CFA 5.010 billion, will make it possible over the

next 4 years to finance the purchase of Canadian products, both consumer

goods and equipment, by authorized importers, ministries (state markets),

parapublic organizations, semi-public companies under trusteeship and

private companies. Within the framework of this agreement, during the

course of 1983 Canada will supply Niger with fertilizers, pesticides,

warehouses, chemicals for water purification, and electric cable. The

second agreement has to do with small-scale development projects whose

aim is to promote self-development by increasing the ability to carry out

development projects initiated by local communities in Nigerian society.

This aid will be oriented mainly towards agriculture, the expansion of

community services and on satisfying basic needs. A sum of Fr CFA 835

million will be placed at Niger's disposal by Canada to finance the goods

and services necessary for implementing the small-scale development

projects as well as the technical assistance which a Canadian coordinator

will provide for the 3 years of the project's duration.

9824

CSO: 3419/659

73
NIGER

NEW METHODS OF SEARCHING FOR WATER IN BEDROCK AREAS

Niamey LE SAHEL in French 3 Mar 83 pp 3, 8

[Article by Alilou Abdourahmane: "Searching for Water in Bedrock Areas:

Geophysical Methods Soon to be Used in Niger"]

[Text] The hydrogeologists working in Niger and Professor Meyer de

Stadelhofen propose using the most modern geophysical methods in the

bedrock areas in the east of the country.

Yesterday morning we had an interview on the subject with Professor Meyer

de Stadelhofen, from the Lausanne Geophysical Institute (Switzerland)

to learn these modern methods which make it possible to search for water

in bedrock areas and their chances of success. It must be observed that

Professor Meyer de Stadelhofen was invited by the Ministry of Hydroelectric Energy, the Directorate of Water Resources and the geology

department of the Niamey University. This invitation was possible thanks

to Swiss-Nigerien cooperation actuated, on the Swiss side, by the University

Institute for Development Studies whose experts are integrated into the

various departments and offices responsible for the supply of water in our

country.

Speaking of these geophysical methods, Professor Meyer de Stadelhofen

mentioned that in particular these are electrical methods which are already

being used in Niger and elsewhere also. There are also other methods,

among them gravimetric methods (studies of variations in weight) which

have not been used before now in searching for water in Niger or in the

Sahel. These methods will be used especially in the bedrock areas in the

east of the country.

It must be borne in mind that the drilling of wells in bedrock areas using

traditional methods has been vittually impossible up to 1980. To alleviate

the situation, a new technique has been used since 1980 which has made it

possible to sink wells in bedrock areas (Liptako, South Maradi, Damagaram

Mounio).

Thus, thanks to this technique (drilling using shaft-bottom hammers), an

initial test made possible the sinking of 110 fitted out wells in the

Liptako. This technique is also being used to sonk 1000 wells in bedrock

areas. By 31 October 1982, there was a total of 823 wells drilled of which

671 were positive.

74
Geophysical methods (physics applied to the study of the substratum) are

used in conjunction with shaft-bottom hammer methods. Before going on to

shaft-bottom hammer methods, Professor Meyer told us, the most favorable

areas must be chosen. To do this, geophysical methods are used in

conjunction with traditional methods of geological study, ariel photography

etc. which, thanks to the physical measurements taken on location, make

it possible to choose the most likely area, the best spot in which to drill.

Speaking of the chances of success of the geophysical methods, Professor

Meyer stated that they do not guarantee that water will be found. Nevertheless, he said, the chances of finding it are greatly increased. In

this way the drilling of (unsuccessful) wells, which is expensive, can be

avoided. The goal with these methods therefore is to sink fewer wells

and get better results. This has the advantage of avoiding useless

expenditures.

Meyer de Stadelhofen informed us, furthermore, that these methods have

proved themselves in other countries (Mali, Senegal, Upper Volta) where

there has been a high percentage of success in bedrock areas despite a

few difficulties (water is found in a good majority of wells drilled).

This method makes it possible above all to know that one is in a positive

situation (where water may be found) before drilling; the advantage of

this is that the chances of success are doubled compared with the old

methods.

Searching for water, like all scientific and technical research in general,

requires, among other things, sufficient and qualified personnel. On this

score we must emphasize the planned creation, within the Directorate for

Water Resources, of a geophysical cell group (group of Nigerien geophysicists) which, at the beginning especially, could obtain the

collaboration of some expatriates. Once established, this geophysical

cell group will be able to do systematic, well organized work, unlike

the occastional geophysical projects carried out by expatriates; these

projects were extremely costly and in the end did not produce the results

hoped for because they were too haphazard.

This type of geophysical cell group will progressively replace foreign

firms which carry out occasional and costly studies.

9824

CSO: 3419/659

75
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE

PORTUGAL REJECTS MINISTER'S CRITICISM

Portuguese Complacency Seen

Lisbon EXPRESSO in Portuguese 17 Mar 83 p 24

[Text] The information minister of the Republic of Sao Tome and Principe told

EXPRESSO yesterday that his government may assume a firm attitude against the

Portuguese Government if what he considered "complacency" was continued by the

authorities relative to persons and organizations in our country who conspire

against that former Portuguese colony.

Rafael Branco, who returns to his country on Monday, further said that one result of the mixed commission of the two countries, held last year, was a study

of forms of cooperation to make possible the exploitation of sugar cane and its

transformation into rum, alcohol and brandy, but he complained that Portugal

had not yet made any statement on the subject, showing a certain lack of capacity for taking part on the financial level.

'Threat' Rejected

Lisbon DIARIO DE NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Mar 83 p 3

[Text] The recent declarations by the minister of education and information of

Sao Tome and Principe, according to which Portugal "responds inefficiently to

projects for cooperation" with his country, "were very displeasing" to the

Portuguese Government, according to a source close to Luis Fontoura, state secretary for cooperation and development.

The Sao Tomian minister, Rafael Branco, passing through Lisbon on his return

from Brazil, where he had attended the inauguration of Governor Leonel Brizola,

declared that Portugal was responding inefficiently to his country's proposals

for cooperation and that the government of which he is a part "would adopt a

firm position if the activities of groups opposed to the Sao Tomian regime continued on Portuguese territory."

With reference to this position a source close to the state secretary for cooperation and development declared to ANOP [Portuguese News Agency] that the Portuguese Government considered it "unacceptable that a minister from another

country should come to Lisbon to make accusations and threats against Portugal."

76
He explained in this regard that Portugal is following a policy of active cooperation with Sao Tome and Principe in spite of the existence of a large debt

and that cooperation is not more intense only due to the delay or lack Of concrete proposals from the Portuguese Government.

The same source emphasized that the possible existence of groups in.Portugal

opposed to the Sao Tomian Government will be dealt with if such activities

violate Portuguese law, but never because of external pressure or threats.

Sao Tome Disavows Charge

Lisbon DIARIO DE NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Mar 83 p 3

[Text] The Embassy of Sao Tome and Principe in Lisbon reaffirmed yesterday

"lthe excellence of the relations existing between its government and the

Portuguese Government and denied any accusations and threats that some information organs said had been made by Minister Joaquim Rafael Branco.

Speaking of those statements, the embassy declared "they are baseless," adding

that "there are mechanisms consecrated by international~law and by diplomatic

practice which permit two governments to adequately solve any potential problems that may arise."

The diplomatic representation ofSao Tome further declares that "cooperation

with Portugal has wide perspectives for development and after the last meeting

of the Mixed Commission, held in Sao Tome in November 1982, it acquired a new

dynamism, overcoming some bureaucratic hindrances which had weakened it last

year."

Minister Joaquim Rafael Branco, who arrived in Lisbon last week after traveling

to Brazil, will return to his country next week. Later today he will be received by Luis Fontoura, state secretary for cooperation.

Another Sao Tomian minister, Celestino Costa, responsible for the commerce

portfolio, was in the meantime received by Luis Fontoura yesterday in the Palace

of the Necessities. The two men discussed subjects related to the development

of cooperation between Portugal and Sao Tome.

It should be added that the Sao Tomian Embassy, in its communique of yesterday,

regretted that "irresponsibility, bad faith or a deliberate intention of perturbing the optimal relations existing between Portugal and Sao Tome were at

the bottom of unfounded assumptions of position."

12116

CSO: 3442/166

77
SENEGAL

DEMOCRATIC EXPERIMENT DEEMED POSITIVE DESPITE ITS FAILURES

London WEST AFRICA in English No 3424, 28 Mar 83 pp 766, 767

[Article by Moriba Magassouba]

[Text]

NOT CONTENT with rejecting the A few months after his mandate was due

accusations of fraud levelled at him and his for consideration (he had not previously

party by the opposition, Abdou Diouf has, been voted in by anyone except Senghor)

in the style of all the best political oper- Diouf advertised that profound changes

ators, turned to fire upon his accusers: "If were on the cards. Those that had held

it had not been for the fraud by the power for 20 years were, rightly or

opposition," he said soon after the elec- wrongly, considered by the opposition and

tions, "the party and myself would have the people to be corrupt. The national lists

achieved an even greater majority." for the party "barons" confirmed fears that

It is difficult to imagine more than 83.45 the status quo would be returned: many of

per cent in the presidential poll and 79.94 these Old Guard were too scared to present

per cent in the legislative in anything themselves on the local lists. (The national

other than one of those banana republics list was decided by proportional repre- where the local potentate gets, as a matter sentation at national level, thus virtually

of course, 99.99 per cent of all .votes, cast assuring the top half of the list a seat in the

or otherwise. But even if Diouf is confident ).National Assembly on the coattails of

of his own popularity he should not be Abdou's popularity.)

duped by the propaganda of his peers The extent of State support for the

about the popularity of his party. the Parti PS soon revealed itself. The Ministry of

Socialiste (PS). One need only consider the the Interior, which controlled the elec- "shock" reportedly felt by that old political tions, appeared to support the ruling clihand Jean Collin at the extent of the fraud que. It arranged for tens of thousands of

to realise the depth of feeling against the voting identity cards to be distributed to

cheating and the party "barons." those who were on the side of the PS.

None of the presidential opponents had Proof of this fraud- was _psenfe-d-to tie

a chance against "Abdou": the people, press by the PDS of Abdoulaye Wade and

cajoled by the "barons" as well as by local the RND of Cheikh Anta Diop at a Dakar

marabouts (religious leaders) and business- press conference: during this meeting it

men, voted for Diouf (and consequently was clearly established that the holding

his party). There was no apparent necessity back of cards for potential opponents to

for the contemptible methods that were the PS was at the root of the low turnout

undoubtedly used to ensure the massive (about 40 per cent abstentions).

victory, unless they were to maintain the The Minister of the Interior, via conirresistible momentum of the PS. fidential letter Number 0864 MINT/CAB 4

78
of February 4, violated the Electoral Code problems. The policies of the International

by telling Prefects and Governors that the Monetary Fund are not to the taste of

production of any other identity card everybody; even the Confederation of

would not be required (West Af7ica, Senegalese Workers, which is affiliated to

March 7). the ruling Parti Socialiste, has expressed its

The letter added that the Supreme Court doubts. - in theory independent of the Executive By presenting the people with an essen-

- had approved this measure. By shield- tial "'choice" of those he was leader of

ing fraud through such transparent mea- before, Abdou Diouf has exposed himself

sures, Abdou Diouf disappointed many, to many slings and arrows. People are

not least the intellectuals of Dakar, who beginning to say the unthinkable; "Abdou

had before the election credited him with a is to blame." The signs are that he has not

certain amount of good faith. Diouf had smoothed over the 20 years of Senghor's also been credited with a desire for change now highly criticised rule. "Will he be able in a country where the powers-that-be are to carry the Senegalese through another

virtually fossilised in their conservative 20?", an opposition politician asked.

repugnance of change. The electoral campaign, and particularly

In the face of all this the opposition has the articulate contribution of Abdoulaye

discovered a certain unity: it has decided to Wade, revealed a New Senegalese. For the

boycott the National Assembly and appeal first time, men and women dared - the

to the Supreme Court about the conduct word is not too strong - to publically

of the poll. Diouf has replied to these question the marabouts; the religious lead- moves by firing a counter-salvo - "We ers, it was said, should stick to prayers and

would have done even better if the opposi- stay out of politics. Such an attitude would

tion hadn't cheated." But this has not have been inconceivable a few months ago!

regained him the initiative, that ingredient The strength of Senegalese democracy is

so important in la politique politicienne. inversely proportional to a reduction in the

Senegal has not in the past, and will not power of the marabouts. And in as much

now, accept pompous invective in the place as it demystified the marabouts, so the

of true debate. democratic experiment, for all its failures,

But the elections have wider consequ- was a positive experience. And yet one

ences; the signs are that it will no longer finds it sad, very sad, that this potential

suffice in this country to offer blanket democratic symphony was in the end spoilt

solutions that both hide and smother basic by so many discordant notes.

CSO: 3400/1131

79
SIERRA LEONE

GOVERNMENT TO INCREASE TAXES ON FISHING TRAWLERS BY 200 PERCENT

AB112127 Paris AFP in English 1745 GMT 11 Apr 83

[Text] Freetown, Sierra Leone, 11 Apr (AFP)--Sierra Leone is raising taxes on

fishing trawlers by 200 percent over the next two years to bring them in line

with those of other African countries, Acting Minister of Fisheries and Natural

Resources Abass Bundu said here.

He told newsmen following a newspaper report that the price of fish was to

go up by 450 percent that while Somalia charged 20 percent of the value of the

catch, Guinea-Conakry and Guinea-Bissau each charged 200 dollars and Liberia

225 dollars, Sierra Leone charged only 45 leones (about 15 dollars) on fish and

75 leones (about 25 dollars) on shrimps.

Mr Bundu, who spoke of poaching within Sierra Leone's 200-mile limit, said that

taxes would be increased to 200 leones on fish and 300 leones on shrimps during

the next two years.

He said that everything would be done from now on to "protect our national interest by ensuring that all possible revenue from such resources was properly

tapped."

Mr Bundu said that there was a "huge loss" of foreign exchange earnings to the

country through foreign mother ships taking catches from trawlers fishing in

Sierra Leone waters.

But he acknowledged that government officials were failing to keep a check on

what was going on. Regulations would now be tightened up.

The minister admitted that Sierra Leone's greatest handicap was its inability

to police its 200-mile territorial limit, there being only one gunboat which

puts to sea only occasionally either for lack of spare parts or fuel.

Contacts were being made with foreign governments to provide patrol boats and

even aircraft to stop what he called a "free-for-all situation," Mr Bundu

said. Agreements with other countries were also being reviewed to ensure

that Sierra Leon's exports left enough fish for domestic consumption.

CSO: 3400/1151

80
SOUTH AFRICA

HNP SAYS REFERENDUM MUST INCLUDE NAMIBIA

MB090918 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 9 Apr 83 p 2

[By Joubert Malherbe, Pretoria Bureau]

lText] The Herstigte Nasionale Party IHNP] leader, Mr Jaap Marais, has called

on the nationalist government to include whites inSouth West Africa in the

proposed referendum on the "new" constitutional dispensation.

In an article in the HNP mouthpiece, DIE AFRIKANER, Mr Marias says it is

"morally and constitutionally" imperative that SWA whites be included and he

says he is convinced the constitutional proposals will be rejected by the

majority of whites.

The prime minister, Mr P. W. Botha, had said earlier he would only call a

referendum if the new proposals differed substantially from the 1977 National

Party [NP] proposals. That he has now done so implies there are "drastic

deviations" Cfrom the 1977 proposals).

Mr Marais says the government has already made up its mind that blacks in

"white" areas will eventually be included in the new deal--"in spite of assurances and guarantees given to the contrary".

And this, Mr Marais warns, will eventually lead whites in South Africa into

the same predicament as white in "Rhodesia" (sic).

He adds the HNP will stress the Zimbabwe-South Africa analogy during the prereferendum campaign.

Mr Marais says the timing of the announcement of the referendum was apparently

chosen to remove the "burning issue" of the constitutional proposals from the

pending by-elections, but warns that the HNP will use the by-elections as a

prelude to the referendum.

Concerning SWA whites, Mr Marais says they had part in the change in South

Africa's constitution from a monarchy to a republic and they should now also

be afforded the opportunity to say whether the existing dispensation;should

be "dismantled".

CSO: 3400/1143

81
SOUTH AFRICA

BOTHA CALLS U.S. STATEMENT ON MKHIZE 'PREMATURE'

MB081200 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 8 Apr 83 p 1

[By John Battersby, political correspondent]

[Text] The South African Government "deeply regretted" incidents like the

shooting of community leader Mr Saul nMkhize, the foreign minister, Mr Pik

Botha, said yesterday.

And a spokesman for the police directorate of public relations disclosed yesterday that an investigation headed by a senior police officer was being conducted into the circumstances surrounding Mr 4khize's death.

This follows an usually strong statement by the United State State Department

on Tuesday in which the Reagan administration deplored the shooting of Mr Mkhize,

denounced the government's ethnic homelands policy, and called for a "full investigation" into the circumstances surrounding his death.

This is the latest development in an escalating row over the death of Mr Mkhize

who was elected by the 5,000 Driefontein villages to spearhead resistance to

the government's plans for the forced removal of the landowners.

Mr Botha said yesterday that he could not say whether an investigation would

be conducted into Mr Mkhize's death because "that does not fall under my

department."

And in an interview with the RAND DAILY MAIL he described the U.S. statement

on the matter as "premature."

"It is our general point of view that the United States--or any country--

ought not to interfere in our internal affairs," he said.

He said that there had been no direct approaches to the government on the

matter.

"The correct procedure in a case like this is not to issue a public statement

but to approach South Africa for the facts," he said.

82
The minister of law and order, Mr Louis le Grange, could not be reached for

comment yesterday but he told the 'MAIL earlier this week that he was fully

informed on the shooting but did not wish to add anything to the official

police statement.

Yesterday Brigadier M. Van Eyk, officer commanding of the police directorate

of public relations, said "the whole matter" was being investigated and that

the details would be sent to the attorney-general for his decision.

He said there could be criminal trial on the question of an alleged illegal

gathering.

He added, however, that an investigation headed by a senior police officer

was being conducted into the circumstances surrounding the death of Mr Mkhize.

"We issued a statement after the incident and are now awaiting the result of

the investigation. We would be pleased if anyone who thinks they have evidence

in the matter would contact us," Brig Van Eyk said.

Anyone with evidence about the shooting on Saturday should contact the Standerton police.

The post-mortem on Mr Mkhize is to be held today.

The Mkhize family has engaged a private pathologist to represent its interests at the post-mortem.

The funeral is to be held next Saturday at Driefontein.

The Black Sash will hold a demonstration today in protest against the shooting

of Mr Mkhize.

CSO: 3400/1143

83
SOUTH AFRICA

JOHANNESBURG COMMENTS ON FRENCH BAN ON RUGBY TOUR

MBlll126 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 11 Apr 83

IStation commentary: "Relations With France"]

[Text] French Government actions on sports contacts with South Africa--as a

result of which the proposed rugby tour is in the balance--illustrate an important reality facing this country in its international relations. That is,

the striking dualism in many governments' policies toward it.

An awareness of the dualism is needed to put events like the sports boycott in

their proper perspective. Under pressure from radical caucuses, both domestic

and external, such governments maintain a facade of hostility characterized by

aggressive rhetoric and gestures that involve no cost to themselves. In fact,

the real cost to either side of that overt dimension of the policy is usually

negligible. At the same time, in the substance of their dealings with South

Africa, they shy away from actions that would do material damage to a mutually

beneficial relationship.

In areas of trade, technological cooperation, strategic planning--the areas

affecting the real national interests of the two sides--a healthy entente

exists. It is a policy of pragmatic expediency, and the French are among the

world's foremost exponents of it. It was expressed in a nutshell by the president of the French Rugby Federation, Mr Albert Ferrasse, in his reaction to the

new code of conduct restricting contacts for amateur sports. Whereas, as a

sportsman, he was being limited in pursuing normal relations, Mr Ferrasse

pointed out as a French businessman he would have been free, and even encouraged, to travel to South Africa and do all he could to extend his contacts.

The Mitterrand government's behavior accurately reflects its dilemma. After

his election, the new French president immediately embarked on a program of

socialist expansion internally and, abroad, further alignment with the Third

World. In Southern Africa, his minister for African affairs declared: We

hope to help countries survive South African imperialism in the technical,

military and economic domains.

By the middle of last year, however, inflation and stagnation and a traumatic

loss for France of its position as a leading exporting nation were imposing

•84
new policies. Austerity and trade promotion became the priorities. In

Africa restive stirrings among traditional conservative black allies required

assurances that France's role of active support against radical and Soviet

adventurism would be maintained. The facade of the policy was kept in place

as a sop to the political pressure groups. But the substance underwent a

rapid and dramatic change. Trade and commercial contacts with South Africa

have not only been left alone, they have been encouraged to expand. Government spokesmen have firmly rejected demands that France should support the

sanctions campaign.

South Africa represents a small fraction of French exports, but it is a valuable

one and in a time of shrinking markets worldwide, it is all the more so. South

Africa's position as a reliable and competitive supplier of uranium, coal and

other raw materials has important strategic as well as economic implications

for France. The dualism--the growth of useful cooperation side by side with

aggressive gestures like the sports code--will no doubt remain. It enables

the French Government and others to avoid having to take decisions that might

well harm their real interests and, of course, South Africa's. In the present

state of world affairs, South Africa must live with that.

CSO: 3400/1143

85
SOUTH AFRICA

PIK SILENT ON FUNDING OF PRO-SA MAGAZINE

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL 24 Mar 83 p 1

[Text]

foreign missions abroad more difficult."

CAPE TOWN. - The Government is funding "We cannot hope to convince people over- a highly pro-South African magazine in seas with this sort of propaganda material

Europe but the Minister of Foreign Affairs, and our foreign service knows it. I am sur- Mr Pik Botha, has declined to say how much prised we are contributing financially to it,"

money is being spent or to reveal its name. said Mr Gastrow.

He told Parliament yesterday, in reply to An edition of the CAP published last July questions by Mr Peter Gastrow, PFP MP for carried as its cover story, under the headline

Durban Central, that the magazine was pub- "The Myth of the Century", how South Africa

lished by a public relations company as part was wrongfully villified.

of its general activities. "It is thus that South Africa continues to be

Since private people and organisations also presented as a land of the apocalypse where a contributed financially, it was not considered handful of abominable whites maintain milin the public interest to reveal its name, he lions of poor blacks in a state of abject slavsaid. ery with a hand of iron, fire and torture," said

However, it was learned yesterday that the the magazine.

magazine, which describes itself as the "Bul- Later it said: "In defence, one can say that

letin of the various associations, friendship, for the past 30 years the West has heard only

contact and liason groups between Southern e of the story, a deafening story relatAfrica and the national and European parlia- ed by its own enemies who are playing a mentary-assemblies", is published in Paris diabolical game which consists of keeping

and is called ."Courrier Austral those who might be tempted to know more, Parlementaire.' ignorant of the facts."

Mr Gastrow said in an interview that he It was time that Europe and elsewhere

intended to press Mr Botha for more informa- started lending an ear to the "so-called

tion about it because it was "blatant propa- culprits".

ganda which could only make the task of our

CSO: 3400/1122

86
SOUTH AFRICA

NEW ISLAMIC 'BANK' FOR SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES in English 20 Mar 83 p 4

[Article by Amrit Manga]

[Text] IC MD Ebrahim Kharsany Kuwait Finance House, the

says it was established in an country's first Islamic bank AFTER almost two years effort to satisfy the needs of operating since 1979, has inof negotiation with the devout Muslims intent on vested in a number of housing Ministry of Finance, a avoiding the issue of interest, and insurance projects.

group of Muslim business- He estimated the SA Muslim A Bahrain bank newly reg- men have formed and population to be in the region istered in Geneva, Dar Al

started operating a totally of 500 000. Maal Al Islami (Islamic new financial investment The concept of an Islamic House of Funds) (DMI) has

institution, the Islamic banking system was mooted been promised initial invest- Corporation Inprtuone witIs (IC). in Egypt in the early 1960s, ments in the region of $2 000- c i but failed to take off - large- million from private inves- In tune with the Islamic in- ly for political reasons, ac- tors and Arab governments. junction forbidding interest cording to Mr Kharsanv. gains on loans, the IC will pay W an intdDM will sp ead expan- With an unprecedented sion into the European and odividendsat 

investments, a rate dependentof growth of capital reserves in American markets, where it

investments. , oil-rich tries after. Middle East coun- plans to establish 26 invest- the 1973 petroleum ment companies, 20 insur- The resurgence of Islamic crisis, alternatives to the in- ance co-operatnves and 28 Isworldnhas 

wolun 

contributed the terest-oriented system of lamic banks. ascing rieter aeto i- banking was increasingly fluiescing every aspect of examined. which IC's Mr Kharsany says Is- is banking. Mr Kharsany estimates lamic banks have been "highAuthorised share capital is surplus cash reserves in the ly successful" returning pro- R2-million, of which 200 000 Opec countries available for fits in 1980 equivalent to an

R1 shares have been issued, investment to be in the region annual interest rate of

The rest will be taken up as of $400 000-million. 11,25%. , business grows. Saudi Arabia later pioneer- "1DB in Saudi Arabia, beThe initial application to ed the establishment of the ing extremely successful,

establish an Islamic bank was Industrial Development Bank shows annual earnings of up refused by the Ministry of (IDB) in partnership with Lib- to 25%," he says. Finance on the grounds that ya, Kuwait and the United Bankers are, however, cau- the large number of existing Arab Emirates. IDB's initial tious in viewing such high re- banking institutions provided capital outlay of $904,02-mil- turns, saying that the banks a services comprehensive range of lion grew to $2 080-million. are heavily involved in specu- to the public. Further, such a bank would Last year IDB financed 16 lative real estate, which is no- serve the interest of a specific foreign trade operations toriously volatile in the Gulf. community only. worth $243,4-million along "Although there have been

from The members IC will receive money with 39 other projects no Islamic bank failures to of the Islamic amounting to $199,2-million. date, it will take a few more faith only, for periods of not Two of the biggest projects years to judge their perform- less than five years. undertaken were the leasing ance," says Mr Kharsany.

"Additional banks at this of a $16-million oil tanker to The formation of IC is seen juncture would therefore not Pakistan and a $20-million as the first step towards the

be in the public interest," the commitment to Syria for the formation of a fully fledged businessmen were told. purchase of oil. bank.

CSO: 3400/1122

87
SOUTH AFRICA

FREDERATION OF NEWLY EMERGING UNIONS DISCUSSED

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 21 Mar 83 p 9

[Article by Steve Friedman]

[Text] WILL the major emerging unions get But white mine unions' hopes that the

together in a federation, and so provide Chamber would agree to negotiate the pay of

a boost to union muscle? union men and officials jointly have already

The second week of April is likely to pro- been dashed, at least for this year.

vide the answer. The General Workers' Union The unions, who believe an alliance with

has invited all emerging unions to a meeting 'officials would strengthen their bargaining

in Cape Town then to dicuss unity. position, claim they agreed to separate talks

Unlike some of its predecessors, the meet- because the Chamber "threatened" two offiing is to be intensely practical. GWU's letter cials' associations who wanted joint

inviting unions makes clear that the purpose bargaining.

is specifically to discuss the formation of a But perhaps the most significant event of new union body. this week's opening wage talks is that the

So far, "mainstream" groups like Fosatu, Chamber has agreed to discuss forming an the two food and canning unions and a few industrial council with registered unions on others have accepted GWU's invitation. The the mines.

Council, of Unions of South Africa and the These unions want a council, but black

Commercial, Catering and Allied Workers mine unions are opposed to the idea.

Union (Ccawusa) have expressed interest but

have not given a final answer. So the prospect of yet another battle over Whether the more vocal "community" the council system now looms on the mines.

unions - who see the "mainstream" unions as Word is that the Chamber is loath to accept dangerous sell-outs - will attend is unclear, any bargaining forum which excludes the

But the rift between them and the "main- new black unions ... a stance which would

stream" groupis so great that the chances of avoid such a battle but could anger registered their joining in any alliance, if they attend, is unions.

minimal.

Instead, unionists expect the meeting to

decide whether groups such as Fosatu, GWU [E 0] and Food and Canning will get together.

Since these unions, with Cusa and Ccawusa, ' 'VR

represent something more than 90% of EVEII 4 'ýs ante0' Ass to

emerging union members, this is the event to black unions last year, there has been specuwatch. latio:ti $he•-•-e- oi6f South African

For a start, some officials of these unions Trade Unions might recruit black mine

believe it will be impossible for their unions workers.

to organise major industries - such as the So far, that has seemed unlikely. Fosatu is

mines and railways - thoroughly until such the biggest emerging union group, but a Gov- an alliance is achieved. ernment fund-raising ban and other factors

have meant that it has not always had enough resources for dven its work in key manufacTHE BATTLE lines are now drawn in official turing industries.

metal and miningwage negotiations. Metal unions have tabled demands for a Now it may well be about to enter the

14% rise, but employers are against any in- mining fray. Next month, its central commitcreases at all and want to delay negotiations, tee will discuss a request by its Metal and

Unionists claim this violates a new agree- Allied Workers Union that Fosatu recruit

ment to negotiate on issues within 45 days. mine workers.

Mine unions want 13,1%, but the Chamber

of Mines is likely to offer much less. Disputes The immediate reason is that MAWU is

could well be on the way in either or both -recognised at a far Eastern Transvaal plant,

industries. Tubatse Ferrochrome, whose workers live in

the same township near the Lebowa home88
land as men who work at three mines in the

area. El El []

The miners apparently want to join THE Johannesburg Chamber of Commerce MAWU. TEJhnebr hme fCmec

has appointed its first full-time labour advisBut it feels its own resources are too thinly er, one of whose chief jobs will be to help

stretched to take on the three mines as well members in their dealings with unions.

and has asked Fosatu to consider doing so, What makes the move sure to be controverperhaps by setting up a new union for the sial is the adviser's identity. He is former

purpose. Tucsa president, Mr Andr& Malherbe.

MAWU suggests a new union could concen- - Tucsa is constantly at war with emerging

trate on two or three mines and then consider black unions, some of whom say they would

expanding. prefer to ally themselves with hard-line emThe biggest black mine union, the National ployers than Tucsa.

Union of Mineworkers, belongs to Fosatu's

rival, the Council of Unions of SA. If Fosatu Relations between Mr Malherbe himself

goes ahead, it might well accuse it of "poach- and emerging unions are less than cordial,

ing" from NUM. and were not improved last year when he

played a key role in defeating a motion conBut Fosatu is likely to argue that the demning detention without trial at the last

chances of one black union organising the Tucsa congress.

industry on its own are slim and that a decision by it to move into the mines would Black unions are certain to note his apprompt a further growth in black mine pointment with interest.

unionism.

CSO: 3400/1122

89
SOUTH AFRICA

RECESSION IMPACTS ON PORT TRAFFIC

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES in English 20 Mar 83 p 7

[Article by Elizabeth Rouse]

[ Text] THE recession has badly lion against R12,7-milllon In the pre- damaged SA trade through vious comparable period. the ports, according to the Port Elizabeth suffered a steep fall lathet ports acingu l . in exports of ferrochrome, asbestos, latest official figures. • steel and concentrates.

Port Elizabeth harbour has been These commodities accounted

worst hit in the recession. Total car- mainly for a tonnage slump to 263 471

go handled was down a disastrous tons in January compared with 72% in January this year compared 692 517 tons handled in the first

with the same time in 1982. month in 1982. Traffic declines of between 18,6% The decline in iron-ore exports and 30% were experienced at Sal- caused Saldanha Bay's total cargo danha Bay, East London, Durban and handled to fall by 30% to 670 002 tons

Cape Town. (961 242).

Only Richards Bay, through which A cut'in copper exports from Zaire South Africa's coal is exported on and Zimbabwe through East London contract, managed to raise tonnage resulted in that harbour's traffic handled - by. 15%. slowing down by 25,3% to 319 012

Total tonnage handled at all har- tons (426 730). bours was down 15%, but harbours, Imports were off sharply at Durlike pipelines, continued to operate ban but exports held up well, and the profitably for SA Transport Services. decline in traffic was a comparative- Although port costs were up sharp- ly mild 19,7% to 1,277-million tons

ly at near R37,4-million in January (1,591-million). (R19,6-million in January 1982), high- Total cargo handled in Cape Town er charges pushed up total income to dropped by 18,6% to 344 554 tons R51,3-million (R32,4-million). (423 461), also due mainly to a sharp Railways and SAA continued to cut in imports. incur heavy losses, which pushed Richards Bay's cargo handled rose SATS's deficit to R56,25-million in to almost 2,320-million tons (2,017- the first month of this year from a million). mere R2,68-million in January 1982.

'SATS's total losses for the 10 The total of ocean-going ships months April 1982 to January 1983 which passed through South African amounted to a colossal R428,4-mil- ports declined from 473 to 520.

This may not seem a large fall, but some ships, such as the container

ships, must be travelling light.

CSO: 3400/1122

90
SOUTH AFRICA

SCHWARZ ADDRESSES OPEN LETTER TO PRIME MINISTER

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 20 Mar 83 P 1

[Text] Mr Prime Minister, Fof these and other reasons I look to

WHATEVER South Africa is short of, you as an ally in the defence of parlia- it certainly is not problems. mentary freedom of speech.

Does it then make sense to create It has been said by you and others

new ones? that the Westminster system needs to

To raise the question of parliamen- b chango •,..: , - tary free speech and the right of the " media to report what MPs say would, in ordinary circumstances, make no

sense.

But to do so now, at a time when When we talk about such change I

your hands are busy with new constitu- hope we mean only change in the type tions, is really very difficult to of government, that we mean majori- understand. tarian forms in which the winner takes

Not only are there constitutional all are not suitable for Africa and that

matters to be settled, but if there are protection needs to be given to

idle minds or hands around they could minorities.

most usefully be applied to deal with I trust that under a new constitutioninflation, housing, unemployment, edu- al dispensation we will not give up the

cation, crime, terrorism and many oth- traditions and conventions of our Parer social and economic problems. liament, built up and fought for over

You are centuries. This means not only free- the longest serving member dom of speech and reporting by the of our Parliament and over the dec- media, it also means, amongst others, ades you have not only taken part in the right to initiate proposals, freedom

many historic debates, but have spoken from arrest and perhaps, most impor- both deliberately and, perhaps like me tant, financial control and the accountsometimes, enjoyed parliam in anger entary and privilege. have' always ability blt of ft the ee executive e ui et to Parliament. ala et These are traditions of Westminster

You, therefore, better than most, on which we have built. should know what parliamentary Mn have inte psinth privilege means. Men have in the past in the United SAs an MP, Cabinet Minister and as Kingdom been debarred from Parlia- Prime Minister your speeches have ment, been deprived of office, gone to prison and even been convicted of high been reported, and as a politician you treason because of their exercise of

have experienced both the hostile and parliamentary rights. the flattering report, but above all you have seen how important it is to have These men named us as their heirs to

reported in the media the speeches, this valued inheritance of parliamenstatements and debates of Parliament, tary privilege.

so that the public may know what is We cannot abandon it and we need it, going on. particularly now that you contemplate The history and traditions of Parlia- a new constitutional dispensation. The

ment I am sure have had their influ- representatives of other races you conence on you during the long period template having in Parliament must

from May 26, 1948, in which you have surely feel that in exercising their dusat in Parliament. ties they will have the same rights we

have enjoyed.

91
Members of your Cabinet have ex- and Parliament the necessary power pressed their concern that MPs are both to discipline and prevent publica- free to say in Parliament that which is tion where they would deem it

punishable if said outside. appropriate.

What they fail to realise is that this is So there is no risk to state security. precisely what parliamentary privi- But there is a risk if there are new laws lege is all about. Not to be prosecuted or regulations, because any inroad or sued civillyis the whole essence of upon our parliamentary privilege will

parliamentary privilege, harm not only MPs and the public's right to be informed, but will dent our image both at home and abroad. Eli fl ~ So please give this matter some

more thought and join with those of us who are the champions of the right of

Your fears that the statements of the MP to speak freely and the right of

MPs could possibly on occasion jeopar- the public to be informed.

dise state security are groundless. I therefore make this appeal to you

Whatever may be said by members - eliminate this threat from our pub- of your party in the hurly burly of lic life and let our freedom of speech debate, surely you accept that MPs remain inviolate.

behave responsibly? In any event, if they failed to do this, Harry McPwarz, existing procedures give the Sp.aker

CSO: 3400/1122

92
SOUTH AFRICA

TRANSKEI BUDGET FUNDS INCREASED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 31 Mar 83 p 21

[Text] UMTATA. - The

Transkei National AsSsembly yesterday voted an additional R78-million

to the Budget of the

1982/83 financial year.

The Minister of Finance, Mr Sidney Qaba, taxpayers" and to exer- ered by this assembly for

said the actual amount cise utmost care in the the continuation of nor- appropriated was R41- utilisation of the available mal services - statutory

million and R36-million limited resources in view or contractual - which was a reallocation of an of the worsening reces- had been authorised

amount which was includ- sion which faced the through an existing Aped in the current Budget. country's economy. propriation Act," he said.

The . amount of Mr Qaba also piloted Referring to the

R36 400 000 was provided another Bill through ap- drought, the leader of the

under the finance vote propriating R50-million opposition, Mr Caledon

last year and kept in the from the Transkei Gov- Mda, thanked the South,

trust account for revision eminent Development African Government for

of civil servants' salaries, Fund to meet the require- making available a 'loans to the Transkei De- ments of the state until drought relief fund.

velopment Corporation, the main Budget for However, he said, the

Transkei Road Transpor- 1983/84 was ready. Transkei Government

tation capital and various "It is obvious that the should, in allocating these

projects which were still Appropriation Bill for the funds, consider that alunder evaluation at the ensuing financial year will though the whole country

time. 'not be passed on April 1 had suffered the devastaMr Qaba warned vari- 1983. It is for that reason tion, certain areas had ous departments not to that the Part Appropria- suffered worse than

"unduly over-burden the tion Bill should be consid- others.--Sapa.

CSO: 3400/1118

93
SOUTH AFRICA

DETAILS ON 1983 BUDGET GIVEN

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 31 Mar 83 pp 18-21

[Text] Fiscal Policy Was a Success

FISCAL policy achieved' timate for the previous "In anticipation of this

its objectives fully during • year. need, I had therefore

the past year, the Minis- "Secondly, the deficit already increased the

ter of Finance, Mr Owen before borrowing for General Sales Tax from

Horwood, said yesterday. 1982/83 was estimated at four to five percent and

He said that in close co- only R2.380-million, or imposed a 10 percent surordination with monetary 2,8 -,pcreent.of gross do charge on imports in the

policy, fiscal policy had mesticproduct. Part Appropriation Bil in

made a vital contribution "Thirdly, provision was- February 1982.

to the success of the over- made to finance this ex- "These steps were supall economic strategy of pected deficit in such a plemented in the main

"consolidation and ad- way that not only the Ex- Budget by increases in

justment." chequer, but also the certain ad valorem excise

Last year's Budget, Mr Government sector as a duties and by a moderate

Horwood said, had been whole, including the ex- increase in company tax.

designed to promote con- tra-budgetary funds, "In addition, I imposed

solidation and adjustment would be able to avoid a loan levy of five percent

in three main ways. any net recourse to bank on individual taxpayers.

"Firstly it provided for credit." Later in the year it also

an increase in total expen- To design such a Bud- became necessary to raise

diture of only 11,5 per- get in the prevailing cir- the General Sales Tax

cent above the revised es- cumstances implied in- from five to six per cent."

creases in tax rates.

Budget Aims at Inflation Growth

nation of materially highCAPE TOWN.t - The Referring to the impli- er government spending

government's broad cations of the present and tax reductions, resultpolicy for the year economic situation for fis- ing in a substantially

ahead would be one of cal and monetary policy ,,larger budgetary deficit

continued market in the year ahead, Mr before borrowing than finanialt Horwood said since the that of the past year. orientated financial real growth rate was now "And in the field of the

discipline, the Minister negative and the balance money supply, lower inof Finance, Mr Owen of payments in surplus, terest rates and presumHorwood, said. . the question arose ably some depreciation of

Introducing the main whetner the, time had not athe Rand."

"budget in the Assembly, arrived for a policy of de- Mr Horwood said he

he said it would be de- liberate "reflation" or had no hesitation in resigned to lay the founda- "stimulation" of the jecting any such policy,

tion for higher growth economy as a whole, which would amount to

with less inflation and in- "In the field of fiscal attempting to "spending

creased balance of pay- policy such an approach ourselves out of the recesments stability.. would imply some combi- sion."

94
"It would increase the

ded, on balance, to be too its immediate objectives

rate dfinflatioý, hatm the accommodative, we took and the depreciation of

balance of Payments, the necessary steps to the Rand been reversed,

weaken the currency, re- tighten them and accept- the highest priority must

duce the net foreign re- ed the need 1or, higher be given to reducing the

serves and damage our taxes and interest rates. - rate of inflation.

overseas credit rating. "Then, in the Tatter "Salary and wage ad-

"For these reasons it part of 1982, as our con- justments throughout the

would in the longer term servative measures in- economy haverbgen exundermine and not pro- creasingly took effect and ceptionomly high for three

mote real economic the balance of payments

growth." improved, while the reIn South Africa today, cessionary -tendency in

as in most reasonably de- the economy continued,

veloped countries, the we consciously eased our

whole notion of showing monetary policy by per- years in suceession, hayeither a green light or a mitting a certain increase ing far outrun productivired light to the economy of liquidity and a substan- ty, and have had a major

was too oversimplified to tial decline in interest part in the Genera up-d 

be useful and had, in fact, rates. ward thrust of costs and

gone out of fashion. "In the year ahead we prices - especially when

"We live in a world in continue to adjust our such pay increases have

which the gold price, ex- policies to changing cir- been accompanied by a

change rates and interest pumstances." t h i rpropensitytose "rates all fluctuate consid- For the time being, There had beep 'ich erably, and in a country however, he believed the discussion recendy of the'

with developed financial Government had gone as contribution made to inmarkets in which our fi- far as it should in this di- flation in South rica by

• nancalpolicies have to be nancal plices hve t berectonlow rection, Mr Horwood structural factors such as productivity, inadmarket orientated to be said. tion tariff effective. The need to curb infla- equate competi

"In such circumstances, tion had to receive par- protection and increases

our policies cannot re- ticular emphasis in the in administered prices.

main static for any length months ahead. In the latof time but have to be ad- ter half of 1981 and the "Quite clearly all these

justed almost continuous- first half of 1982, in order matters are relevant and

ly to changing circum- to deal. with the balance important andop

stanes." payments Prot em in a ihe close study and attenI It was clear that the manner which did not un- tioin of the authorities in

Government had, in fact, duly aggravate the dom- ithjtownright."

made such adjustments estic recession, it had The pricing of public

throughout the past two been necessary to allow utility goods and services,

years. the Rand to depreciate in which was what was in-

"Thus, when it became response to market volved when talking of

clear towards the end of forces. "administered prices",

1981 that our policies ten- ". However, now that was an extremely comthis strategy had achieved plex subject, particularly as the undertakings conInvestment Allowances in Industry to End cerned were more often

than not monopolies, Mr

Horwood said.

INVESTMENT allow- Mr Horwood said the ment, its doubtful efficacy

aces in the industrial sec- standing commission of (save in marginal cases)

tor would be discontinued L.Ixation policy had re- as an incentive to investfrom June 30, 1985, the cently submitted its re- ment, and its exposure to

Minister of Finance, Mr port to him. It had recom- abuse.

Owen Horwood, said in mended that investment "The commission prohis Budget speech yester- allowances in the industri- posed,-however, that an

day. al sector should be dis- extension of accelerated

In its stead, he pro- continued. , depreciation through iniposed an extension of ac- This was "b•pcapse of its tial allowances be considcelerated depreciation high cost to the Excheq- ered in its stead."

through initial allow- uer,is_.Vyliint1Cd role

ances. as an anti-cyclical instru95
Mr Ma Horwood ortodh saidohen said he respect notrenewed: of buildings, be 2 In the case of a building in which a pr6cess of accepted this recommen- manufacture is carried on dation and proposed that. 0 In the case of machine- and which is brought into

* The allowance 30 percent invest- ry and plant used in a pro- use on or after July 1, mentachine -n 

in respect pect cess of manufacture and 1986, an initial allowance

which' brought into use on or of 20 percent of the cost expires On June 30 after July 1, 1985, the 20 be granted. whic,•expe porcenJ percent initial allowance

19p5,*d0 7 'X Ic t be increased to 55 per- investmanf allowance in ce an d

cent; and

Taxation To Be on a Uniform Basis

ALL taxpayers in South Africa are to It was not the intention to abrogate taxed on a uniform basis in terms of the the right of the national states to tax the- Income Tax Act from march 1, next ir citizens and they had to be consulted

year. in the final phasing out process, the Min-

"This was announced by the Minister ister said. of Finance, Mr Owen Horwood, when "The national states will retain their he delivered his budget speech yester- right to tax citizens and, while inland rev- day. enue will collect the tax in areas outside Agreement had been reached with the their boundaries, each state will collect all the national states on the final phas- the tax from its citizens within its bound- ing out of the Black Taxation Act, he aries," MrHorwood said. said. "As payment of taxes cannot be idenIn terms of the National StatesConsti- tified on ethnic lines, especially tution Act of 1971, the various self-gov- P.A.Y.E. deductions, and since the eming states had the right to tax the in- yield to the national states of taxes col- come of their citizens regardless of lected under the Income Tax Act will be where such citizens resided in South less than under the Black Taxation Act, Africa. a basis of payment to the national states In 1979 it.had been d•ided, in consul- will be proposed to ensure they are not tation witf the 'Govertiments of these worse off," Mr Horwood said.

states, to seek parity of relating the in- o-r -l p Ie-rsor nsiffiteae pu bh&. ...

Only Unprofitable Mines Will Get Aid

Only mines which incur dude capital profits from scheme for the subsidisa- mining losses will in fu- sources outside its scope tion,ý -of-- iw gQ ture qualify for assist- of mining activities, while mines. t ,-, j - -, k 1 ance, the Minister of Fi- possible losses from such "The, committee has

nance, Mr Owen Hor- outside sources will not made a thorou-gh-stiidy6f

wood said yesterday t qualify for assistance. this complex matter and Mr Horwood said the "The amount of capital existing the majority report has scheme of assist- expenditure qualifying for come to the conclusion ing gold mines was to be assistance in any one year that the existing scheme terminated, will be limited to a maxi- should be terminated in "In future only mines mum 10 percent of the its present form and a dif- which incur mining losses mine's gross mining rev- ferent approach taken to will qualify for assistance enue." the problem. " and such assistance will Mr Horwood said that The present scheme henceforth be limited to a little more than a year had been initiated as a the losses flowing from ago he had appointed a purely temporary assist- mining activities, representative committee ance measure in 1968, "The assistance a mine under the chairmanship when the gold price was receives will be reduced of Professor D G Franz- still fixed at 35 dollars an by any net aftertax in- sen to investigate the' ounce and - as the coin- come derived from any practicability and the ef- mittee points out - was other source, but will ex- fectiveness of the present badlyout of date.

96
Final decisions on cer- effect from the tax years scheme the necessary six

tain aspects of the recom- commencing on or after months notice from Janumendations still had to be April 1. ary 1, 1984, of the termintake~by~fie overmentation of the benefits as t . h oviwinth The Minister said that presently determined and

interested parties, but at depending on the out- their replacement by

this --`tit-iad n beet[-e- come of the consultations whatever further arrangecided to amend the rel- with the parties con- ments might be decided

evant acts in respect of cerne&,_ii the- ifnten-- on.

assisted gold mines with tion to give mines which

took part in the present

Drought Accelerated Downward Swing

THE South African econ- recession in most other policies and the accompaomy was still in a down- countries. nying cooling down of

ward phase which would It, nevertheless, reflec- domestic economic activprobably continue for ted a decline in real gross ity," MrHorwood said.

some months, the Minis- domestic product of one The capital account of

ter of Finance, Mr Owen percent during the past the balance of payments

Horwood, said yesterday. year, for which much of had also strengthened

He sketched domestic the blame could be laid considerably during 1982.

economic conditions and on the severe drought After a first quarter net

said there had been signs which accounted for the outflow of capital not rethe expected economic 7,5 percent decline in lated to reserves of R12-

recovery in the United agriculture's contribution million, a substantial reStates might have begun to the real GDP., versal resulted in a net

and that South Africa's Mr Horwood said pres- capital inflow of R2,6-bilown export-led recovery ent indications were that lion for the year as a

should not be far behind, the next upswing would whole.

The country's rate ol commence towards the This had been brought

economic growth had de- end of the year and that about by improved conclined significantly in the the real growth rate trol over the money suppast year and inflation re- would show a noticeable ply and the fact that intermained unacceptablý acceleration in 1984. est rates had risen to lehigh. There had been a dra- vels higher than those in

The world had been matic improvement in the United States.

buffeted by the worst South Africa's balance of The improving balance

economic depression payments since the mid- of payments and the

since the great depression die of 1982. Rand's upward trend had

of the 1930s but South Taken at a seasonally induced many enterprises

Africa's economy had im- adjusted annual rate, the to make increased use of

proved in certain funda- balance on current ac- foreign credits and loans

mental aspects. count had swung around without incurring forward

A moderate recovery in from a deficit of R6,6-bil- exchange cover costs -

the gold- price since the lion during the first quar- costs which would have

third quarter in 1982 had ter to a surplus of R1,1- neutralised the interest

S'-&e fiscal-, and billiQn in the fourth quar- rate advantage.

monetary policies of ter. JIf the gold price re- "The result of all these " 1co VldtioW .ad-- mained stable between favourable developments

justment" in successfully, $ a $5: aou , was a combination of an

transforming a large bal- the current acount would appreciation of the Rand

ance of payments deficit, show a surplus of between and an increase in the net

into a substantial surplus. Rl-billion and R2-billion foreign reserves," Mr

Since the middle of last in 1983. Horwood said.

year the net gold and The improvement in An important event in

other foreign reserves had current account was due management of foreign

increased sharply in terms mainly to a decline of reserves had been the Inof most other currencies. over 18 percent in the seaý ternational Monetary

Mr Horwood said the sonally adjusted value of Fund loan of which R938-

cooling off process in imports from the first to million had already been

South Africa had been the fourth quarter. drawn with another R242-

relatively mild by coin- "A decline induced by million available for 1983.-

parison with the severe our restrictive monetary

97
Defence, Education Get Top Priority

THE two biggest expen- internal security and the The Government was gtreductin the Bud- maintenance of law -and well aware that investget, education and de- order, the Government ments in education had to fence, are to icrease by 13 has always accorded top be matched by investand 15,9 percent respecti- priority to a well-trained, ments in job creation, the vely. adequately equipped de- Ministersaid.

The Minister of Fi- fence force, he said.

namce, wood, said Mr in Owen his budget Hor- The Spending on defence total provided for and other protection ser- speech yesterday that the edcuation in the Budget vices had more than

elimination of the backlog was R3 410 million while trebled since 1975f76. in education facilities and R3 093 million was pro- inaeducationg fclties and bevided for defence important ingre- narrowng the gap be- dient, in the face of the

tween the standards of mg. international arms boy- White and Black educa- Over the last eight cott, had been the system- tion would once more re- years education expendi- atic development of a ceive high priority. ture had risen from R890- modern armaments in-

"As prosperity is based million in 1975/76 by an dustry, Mr Horwood said.

on external no less than unparallelled 283 percent. -Sapa.

Taxes Pushed Revenue Over Estimate

THE current revised esti- "Higher collections presented an increase of

mate of Government re- from gold mining taxa- 20,8percent."

venue amounted to tion, gold mining leases,

R17 420-million, an in- personal income tax and Higher-than-expected

crease of 9,8 percent on General Sales Tax all rand earnings for the gold the original Budget total made thei. , ntribu- nfines had been the result

of R15 858-million, the tions.' of the increase in the gold Minister of Finance, Mr Mr Horwood said a re- price from a low of

Owen Horwood, said in vised-t ltal AfUR2 346-mil- around $300 an ounce his Budget speech yester- Ili, r_." R1l-million during June 1982, to a day. more than the amount high of more than $500

This higher-than-ex- budgeted for, would be during February 1983,

pected revenue could be collected for customs and coupled with a lootr exattributed almost entirely excise. change rate of the rand..

to increased receipts from Compared with the "This gave rise to ininland revenue, which 1981/82 financial year, the d

had exceeded the Budget- revised aggregate revenue R535-million, and in lease

ary 'estimate by some of R17 420-million re- payments of R160-milR1 447-million, he said. lion.

Cost of the Public Debt Has Escalated

THE cost of servicing the public debt, originally esti- not only to the normal borrowing programme but also

mated at R2 294-million in 1982/83, has escalated to to the estimated cost effect of borrowing for monetary R2 494-million, the Minister of Finance, Mr Owen policy purposes for the full year. Horwood, said yesterday. "I remain determined to keep a proper control of the

Introducing the main Budget, he said this was mostly monetary aggregates in order to combat inflation and

because of substantial borrowings for demand manage- with this objective in mind will, if necessary, endeavour

ment and monetary stabilisation purposes generally. to borrow in excess of the Exchequer's requirements in

"This revised figure may increase by another 14,2 times of surplus liquidity and transfer these proceeds to

percent to R2 850-million in 1983/84 due, once again, the stabilisation account," Mr Horwood said. - Sapa.

98
Government Spending Up Only 2 Percent

THE real increase in ct" loan redemptions total- Government expendi- colianIto-2,8 percent lig R1 908-million were

ture, measured against , added to the deficit bethe Consumer Price In- "This is, I think, a con- fore borrowing, the fidex, was a mere two per- siderable achievement," nancing requirement was

cent, the Minister of FI- MrHorwoodsaid. R3 693-million.

nance, wood, Mr Owen Hor- said in his Budget The revised estimates The net amount availwood, said exceeded the total expen- able to ir. the borrow- .speech yesterday.

The 1981/82 deficit be- diture for 1981/82 by ing requirement

fore borrowing of RI 785- some R2 774-million or amounted to R4 204-milmillion was not only sub- 16,9percent. Aion.

stantially lower than the Total expenditure for A gross amonnt of

R2 380-million budgeted the 1982/83 financial year R5 264-million had been

for, but amounted to less was R19 205-million, with bodrowedfto finance the

than 2,2 percent of the revenue amounting to deficit.

R17 420-million. Once

Cuts by the Land Bank

THE Land Bank Board is t related long-term lending

to reduce its short-term rate on instalment loans

cash credit advance rates to co-operatives by 1,5

to co-operatives by two percent to 14percent.

percent to 12,75 percent "This reduction in the

in respect of production bank's lending rates will

credit and to 13,75 per- already be operative as

cent for all other short- from this Friday (tomorterm credit, row) and, where applicMr Horwood said the able, the co-operatives Board had further decid- will pass on the advaned to reduce the market- tages to their members

immediately."

Building Societies Act Being Redrafted

THE Government had creasingly operating in with the format of the Banks Act.

adopted three broad the field of modem de- BThis task has been enguidelines in its ap- posit banking. this ta he enproach to building so- "To attain a more ef- trusted to the standing

deties, the Minister of fective monetary policy banking and building soFianace, Mr Owen and a more efficient allo- ciety legislation and its

cation of financial re-citlesaio an is

Horwood, Horwood, said said yester- yester- crecommendations will, of sources, it is therefore de- course, be discussed with day. sirable that they should the building society Introducing the Bud- increasingly be subjected mv t•mdtvjad other get, Mr Horwood said to the same sort of disci- i i i f these guidelines had been pline as banking institu- being subnmitted to the

decided on after careful tions, including, after a -•It~or La'

study of the reports of the transitional period, the To enhance the effecDu Plessis and De Kock same cash reserve and tiveness of monetary sta- commissions on building liquid asset require- bilisation policy, building

society matters and the meats." societies pold beiperdetailed comments sub- At the present stage ofpermitted by the societies. their evolutionary devel- mitted and encouraged to

The Government had opment, building socie- quote realistic and maraccepted that building so- ties should still be accord- ket-determined borrowcieties had undergone an ed special treatment -ing and lending rates in

evolutionary change away under their own Building competition with banks

from the traditional con- Societies Act, but the Act and other financial insticept of mutual thrift insti- should be redrafted and os -- tutions and were today in- brought more into line

99
In the realisation that ties to offer investors tax- "The system of tax con- such a more market- free indefinite-period and cessions does serve to re- orientated approach subscription shares, to- eso * seqg might, in the interests of gether with the favoureconomic stabilisation, able treatment of divi- WIMP" entail relatively high mor- dends on their ordinary ms from it are by defitgage rates at certain shares, would be gradual- times, the State was pre- lyphasedout.

pared to provide addit- These concessions en- ional assistance to moder- tailed a loss of revenue to ate the cost of financing the State approaching home ownership for cer- perhaps R100-million a tain categories in the low- year, the Minister said. er and middle income Instead the State ingroups, such as first-time 

borrowers, tended to pay a direct in- mtion taxpayers in the up- young mar- terest subsidy to mortga- Per tax rbrsw ý up* fled couples and other gors who had bonds with , special categories of po- building societies and thgngageinefs s rtaes itsaru accrue tentialhomeowners. other approved financial to all borrowers from Slid institutions below speci- isocNes andno t fled amounts, but subject only t f QfP~ 6nl vid to those from whom i g-uch assistance to certain restrictions on, `1 aly for example, the income Y The present system of of the home-owner and The main adv~ntage allowing building socie- property values. Tof eapproach areI 'tat its benMonetary Policy Has Proved Very Effective Myeborrowers efits will accrue to those for whom they

staes ots r•are intended and that its MONETARY policy had took effect, interest rates stages to its pra

proved increasingly effec- naturally increased sub- of 14 percent, can be accurately tive and had succeeded in stantially from the abnor- woodsaid.r an reducing the rate of in- mally low levels which Mr Horwood' franuallY'"

crease of the broad had prevailed in 1979 and figures stood out in analymoney supply to 17 per- 1980". sing monetary developcent during 1982 as a "This had the desired ments during the second

whole, the Minister of Fi- effect of curbing the de- half of 1982.

nance, Mr Owen Hor- mand for bank credit and The first was the in- wood, said. other loanable funds and crease in the net gold and

This figure had also of transforming a net other foreign reserves of

changed to a seasonally outflow of short-term nearly R1,4-billion during adjusted rate of 14 per- capital into a substantial this period, which "natucent during the second inflow.", rally exerted a strong ex- half of the year. The Treasury's willing- pansionary effect on the

"This was clearly one ness to accept market-re- moneysupply."

of the main reasons for lated rates of interest on The second was the dethe improvement in the new issues of Govern- cline of nearly R1,5-bilbalance of payments, the ment stock had- also en- lion in the net claims of

increase in the net foreign 'sured the. sttdcus oits thebankingsectoronthe reserves and the apprecia- loan financing program- Government sector durtion of the rand since the

middle of 1982." Subsequently, interest This had more than offMr Horwood said the rates had begun to decline set the expansionary efkey to the success of mon- sharply from October fect of the augmented foretary policy during the 1982 as monetary policy eign reserves and therepast year had been the ac- increasingly achieved its fore helped to keep the

ceptance by the Treasury objectives and financial money supply under adand the Reserve Bank of conditions eased again, equate control.

flexible, realistic and mar- For example, the prime Net new Government

ket-related interest and overdraft rate of the com- stock issues (excluding isexchange rates. mercial banks, which had sues to the public debt "Initially, as the Re- risen from 9,5 percent at commissioners) during serve Bank's conscious the beginning of 1981 to the first nine months of

policy of permitting finan- 20 percent by March the 1982/83 fiscal year had

cial markets to tighten 1982, had declined in amounted to nearly R2,2-

100
of this, R1,8-billiOn

___• 1981 and shown a rise of

t 20• • percent for 1982 as a "th6 Reserve Bank and whole.

sold by the bank in the This had, however, market. Ti ahwvr

slowed down. considerTurning to bank credit ably after the middle of

to the private sector, Mr the year as the demand

Horwood said this had in- for funds had weakened.

creased by 35 percent in

GST On Ads From Next Year

on GENERAL advertising Sales Tax and into operation on a advertising budgets to date he would set after publicity services win d allow for GST pay- come into effect on 'the commissioner had ments. consulted interested January i, 1984, the The 1984 date parties. Minister of Finance, would afford adequate It had emerged Mr Owen Horwood, opportunity to adapt from discussions that said yesterday. budgets and he ex- the greatest single He said he had pro- pected the tax to yield stumbling block was posed last year that R5-million in 1983/84 the adaptation, at the tax be introduced and R30-million in a short notice, of exist- fulltaxyear.

and that it would come ing promotional and

PDC Probe Could Be Vital For Financial Set-Up "To underline this

THE committee of in- the activities of commer- function, the committee

quiry into the Public Debt cial banking institutions also recommended that

Commission (PDC) had operating in the money the name of the PDC be come up with recommen- market. changed to that of Public

dations which would have investment Trustees. o u important implications "They are at variance Inetmn Trus•tes•

not only for the PDC but with the original purpose trary views:On this latter

also for the Government's for which the PDC was point, preferring myself financial This was structure, said by established, namely to in- -ti- the- *tb w iUjs-: the vest in long-dated stock." sionier should at least be

Minister of Finance, Mr The committee recom- retained."

Owen Horwood, when he mended that money mar- "An announcement in

introduced the Budget ket activities of the PDC this regard will be made

yeItderda • s be transferred to the Nat- soon," Mr Horwood said.

W 1-jorwood sai-that ional Finance Corporation, which had the The committee also

nnýamcessarfra recommended that the

tee's report he intended stndetlreandexpertise to highlight only impotan the most findings "structur wi:• and e ll als ring bn statutory fund adminisd tered by the PDC, be dis- imiportant findings. 'ATisie ll ls hbing tttr udamns said, The was committee, of the opinion he tliAse the:l•' ""itof 'tf"it monetarysovd onetary soteedb

that the problems of the policy measures and will PDC could be ascribed facilitate control of the Mr Horwood said a fur- mainly to the dichotomy monetary aggregates. I mainy its the ther recommendation ihotom support this recommen- in its acvi.--- . dation," the Minister that another statutory dsaid. fund administered by the

PDC, the Local Loans

eari nds}hs well The PDC would thus Fund, be turned into a de- S•t nO* w~llThen cr concentrate velopment fund with bor- •henceforth concentrate rowing powers of its own

called pooled funds), exclusively traditional function on its as more to assist all types of small- in- er local authorities to fi- "In the market these vestment trustee of the e thoritiespof- short-term actual fact, correspond activities, in to very ventadoheyiia large pension, provi- nance diture their at more capital expen- reasonable dent and other similar rates, had also been ac- funds in the public sector. 'cepted.

101
R5-M Bonanza to Small Firms

THE Government had "The Government is needs all the encot. ragcdecided to make a further fully aware of this and MAer it can get. RS-million available to took the initiative, some "A very big dmand for

the Small Business Devel- two years ago, in dose gits services is already beopment Corporation dur- collaboration with the pri- ingexprersienced, and in

ing the forthcoming finan- vate sector, in estab- order to assist it in feldal year, the Minister of lishing the Small Business lng this vital task, I feel

Finance, Mr Owen Hor- Development Corpora- justified in proposing a

wood, said yesterday. ti6n."o further contribution of

Introducing the Bud- The corporation had Rt-million to be spent at

get, Mr Horwood said been established speciafi- the discretion of the cotthis amount could be rally to cater for the fi- poratioln

spent at the discretion of .ancing needs of, the "Small businesses are

the corporation. small businessman, and the cornerstones of any

Small businesses played thus enable him to own truly private enterprise

a vital role in any coun- and operate his own busi- economy."

try's economy. They were ness, whether aione or in Another avenue of

major employers of la- parmersnip wim otners., assistance which merited

bout and they promoted its functions also em- and which would receive

the use of equity or risk braced matters such as immediate attention was

capital, the provision of business the extent to which the

"And nowhere are they infrastructure, manag- public sector might chanmore important than in a ment training and after- nel more funds in prodevelopinig economy, care services. curement contracts to the

where entrepreneurship is "Although the corpora- small business sector, Mr

invariably at apremium. tion has been in existence Horwood said.

for only two years, it his

made great strides v A

Rates On Revenue Stamps to Go Up

CAPE TOWN. - Stamp their yield can be in.

Duties, some 'of which creased without causing

have remained .un- the rates to become unduchanged for between 15 ly burdensome", he said.

and 72 years, are being in- He expected to raise

creased by the: Minister of about R20 million from

Finance, Mr Owen Hor- the new increased duties

wood. on agreements, antenupHe said in his Budget tial and postnuptial conspeech yesterday that tracts, bills of exchange,

some stamp duty items customs and excise docuwhich used to yield appre- ments, duplicate origciable amounts had, be- inals, fixed 'deposit recause - of inflation and ceipts, credit agreements,

other factors; lost some of partnership agreements, their vitality as revenue insurance policies, powearners. ers of attorney and secur-

"It has been found that ity or suretyship.

102
Ray of Hope For Pay Rise in the Service

THE -Minister of Finance, Mr Owen Horwood, yesterday prom- ised civil servants a mo- provement of conditions totalling R295-million in

dest salary increase of service" and a further. 1983/84.

"should the position of R45-million the' Minis- The lion's share of

the Exchequer improve ter hoped to. save on this would be used for

significantly later this other votes, would en- virtual completion of

year". able the Commissioner the programme of occuThe budget provision for Administration to pational pay differentiaof R250-milllon for "ina- effect improvements tion.

Home-Ownership Scheme Big Budget Bonus

THE Cabinet had ap- nais who had not pre- amounts of loan funds

proved two new and viously owned a house or which would enable it to

improved home-own- flat, and who wished to spend no less than R363-

ership concessions buy for the first time, for million in total on housing

mainly to assist young their own occupation, a in the forthcoming year.

people in acquiring a new home or one that had "In fact, the provision first home of their not previously been ocu- of housing has been

own, the iMinister of pied, or wished to have a accorded such high priorinew home erected, a sub- ty that the gross amount

Finance, Mr Owen sidy of 20 percent of the made available to the

Horwood, said in- his monthly interest rate pay- fund for the construction

Budget Speech yester- ment calculated on the of new dwellings has been

day. minimum building society more than doubled during

The first was a home- mortgage rate applicable. the past six years," he

ownership savings sce- "This subsidy will, fur- said.

heme, where the savings thermore, only be paid in He referred to the relimit of RI0 000, which respect of mortgages of cent announcement that

qualifies for the present not more than R40 000 on hundreds of thousands of

two percent subsidy, a property of which the individual houses initially

would be doubled to full purchase price does provided by the National

R20 000 with effect from not exceed R50 000". Housing Fund would beApril I this year, and the Mr Horwood said these come available for sale . subsidy payable on the concessions would not be This, he said, was furamount saved increased available td persons who ther evidence that the

to three percent. received ho-•g-lK- provision of adequate

"Certain administrative Racefromothersources housing of realistic stanchanges will also be ef- "The costs of these two dards was accorded priorfected to the scheme to concessions are estimated ity by the Government.

make it more atiractive, amount -t to p5-miIi~on "This decision is the disuch as the utilisation of a each in the 1983/84 finan- rect result of one of the

portion of the savings for cial yea, and to some large number of very

the purchase of a stand," R30-million altogether in positive ý recommendaMrHorwood said. afullyear" ibe said. tions of the Steyn ComThe second concession Full details of the mittee of investigation

was an interest rate subsi- schemes would be An- into the financing of housdy "to assist young people founced by the Minister ing matters, benefiting, as

and those in the lower to of Community Develop- it does, mostly the Black

middle income groups menit, Mr Pen Kotze, in community".

with mortgage commit- thenearfuture. Mr Horwood said the

ments in these difficult Turning to housing in quality of life was being

times of escalating build- general, Mr Norwood constantly improved in

ing costs and compara- said the National Housing other respects too.

tively high interest rates". Fund would be ap- "In Soweto alone, a.

The Government had proaching the capital substantial foreign loan

decided to offer individ- narket for substantial from a consortium of

103
overseas banks is financ- and guaranteed ,by Goving the upgrading of infra- eminent".

structure, including water A report was also exsupply, sewerage effluent . -

and roads, while another it o

substantial amount is te- e6 o ,abg

ing spent on the electrifi- , ot IV 6003"

cation of the area, all of - do.uwhich is being subsidised eel' So.- 0e,

CVC1. et

Tax Concession For Drought-Hit Farmers

FARMERS who are being forced to tock to remain untaxed while deposited

liquidate part of their livestock because with the Land and Agricultural Bank,

of drought conditions are to receive an but on condition that these proceeds be

income tax con-ission. - reinvested in new livestock within four

This was am anced in the Assembly yearsaftertheyearof forced sale.

yesterday (by the Minister of'Finance,

Mr Owen Horwood. "IThis concession can only be applied

He proposed an amendment to the In- when the income tax returns of such

come Tax Act effective retrospectively farmers are submitted at the end of a tax

to the years of assessment starting on or year and will therefore result in minimal

after March 1 1982 - to allow the pro- loss of revenue in the coming financial

ceeds of such forced liquidation of lives- year," Mr Horwood said.

All-Round Rise in Pension Benefits

SOCIAL, military and to RI 920 a year. The countered by former em- civil pensioners of all present ratios in respect ployees of the State and

races are to receive in- of Coloureds, Asians and theirfamilies.

creased pension benefits. Blacks will continue to

Mr Horwood also an- .apply," Mr Horwood In the tight financial

nounced that a bonus said. circumstances prevailing

would once again be paid this year, it had been deto social pensioners and Referring to the bonus cided that civil pensions

othersocialbeneficiaries. payment, he said a one- be increased by five perIn the cas of sal off payment of R36 for cent with effect from

pensio the cofsoi Whites, R29 for April 1 in respect of per- pensioners the conces- Coloureds and Asians sons who became entitled

sions would take effect and R22 for Blacks would to a pension prior to April

from october 1. be made to all social pen- 1 1983, or whose last

Social pensions for sioners and other social working day was March

Whites are to be in- beneficiaries during May 311983.

creased by R14 to R152 a thisyear. The cost of this inmonth, by R10 to R The cost of this bonus crease to the exchequer

month for Coloureds and would amount to R29- was estimated at R2,5-

Asians and by RS to F.57 million inw1983/84 million in 1983/84 (the

a month for Blacks.

All military pensions balance coming from the

"After only three years would be increased by 10 Cavil Pensions Stabilisathe Means Test in respect percent as from April I. Lion Account). of Whites will be adjusted The cost of this conces- In total, I(lO-million

again by increasing the sion would be R2,5-mil- would be required to fiMaximum assets limit lion. ncell te pension

from R34 800 to R42 000 nance all these pension

and the maximum limit Mr Horwood said the concessions next year.

for income from RI 392 Government was fully

aware of the problems en104
Refund Soon On Loan Levies

TAXPAYERS in the sons were in the process lems I propose that the lower income groups of being removed from> Commissioner be author- would be refunded their the income tax register. ised to refund such loan loan levies "as soon as "This means that with levies to these persons as practicable,"Mr Hor- the passage of time the soon as is practicable". woodsaid. addresses of many tax- The estimated amount As a result of the intro- payers will no longer be involved, already allowed duction of the new "final known to Inland Rev- for in loan redemptions, deduction system," in enue. Many of them paid was R15-million, while in- terms of which income tax loan levies in earlier years terest payments amount- returns were no longer re- (1978, 1979 and 1980) and ing to about R3,8-million quired from salary earn- will have to receive re- had already been allowed ers in the lower income funds in due course. for in the statutory provis- groups (those below "In most cases the ion for public debt inter- R7 000) the names of amounts are not large, est.

more than 340 000 per- and to obviate unnecessary administrative probImport Surcharge Will Not Be Changed

IT 

make 

WAS not intended to maintenance of the status ever, received representameats 

any further adjust- quo so far as duties on to- . t ions for an increase of to the surcharge on bacco are concerned and I "0 the rebate on wine spirits imports at this stage, the propose to let sleeping 1900 ok1 mtered for use in the Minister of Finance, Mr dogslie". -cp 0 OP Anufactureofbrandy. Owen Horwood, said yes- It was also not intend- " I 'bd already informalterday. .. Pý T hiswa s because thto raise excise dutiet 0, Vo txiomiended that the

surcharge Ibis was had because the wine and spirits. \ o0p " 0 11 ,)f the rebate be in- already "Sectio of the lquo. - ,rom 7 123c pei been reduced by two suc- industry in the Western -o , 00olute alcohol cessive amounts of 2,5 Cape have been experi- .l

encing financial problems OP ,&.

forsome time and that is ' 101 -010~ V

one of the reasons why I - 06p• do not propose to raise Golf,~ou

excise duties on wine and "ivo ,e

"So as not to disrupt ,it V10,. 01 4 ,

the relative competitive te_ 0 t s too 0

position of the beer indus- Mae G900 a alb

try, I also do not propose ©" U0"0

to raise the duty on ,te te as

beer"9. b-0 eeuoi

The Board of Trade The loss

and Industries had, how- e st

PO Tax-Free Savings

CAPE TOWN. - The Budget he -said that The exemption on in- tax exemption limit on amendments to the In- vestments on behalf of Post Office savings bank come Tax Act which lift- minor children which, certificates is to be ed the limit to R20 000 when invested, would doubled to R40 000 per last year bad still left the have been tax exempt to a

Finance, 

taxpayer, Mr 

the 

Owen 

Minister 

Horof Post Office in a less fa- maximum of RIO 000 per vourable position in re- child, should be phased wood, announced yester- gard to amounts which out over a two year day. could be invested free of period so people could Introducing his 1983/84 tax. make alternative arrangements.

105
Accent on Manpower Training

[N order to ensure a sufficient trained lion at the end of the 1982/83 financial

poolof labour the amount to be spent on year.

manpower development in the coming

yearwould be increased from R63,2-mil- "A high priority is, therefore, once

lBontoR71-million, Mr Horwood said. again being accorded to improving the

Manpower development would also manpower situation in order to ensure

be financed from the Manpower Devel- that a sufficient trained pool of labour

opment Fund, which was expected to will be available to meet the demands of

show a credit balance of about R1O-mil- aSteadilygrowing economy."

Concessions To Encourage Saving For Retirement

HOUSE OF AS- "I feel that everyone, vice (wher -h is -a

SEMBLY. - Three including pensioners, bef'of"

concessions to encour- should be encouraged to dent funar1eie • age people to make make further provision to 'of years in the period durprovision for their re- supplement their income, ing which-hi e was -amemtirement were a and hence I wish to pro- ber of a retirement annuinounced yesterday by pose that such contribu- tyfund."

the Minister of Fi- tions now be allowed as Turning to the concesdeductions against invest- sion on service bonuses

nance, Mr Oiven Hor- ment income, annuities or on retirement, Mr Horwood, in his Budget pension receipts," Mr wood said: "In terms of

speech. Horwood said. the current provision of

The concessions, which Turning to lump sum the Income Tax Act, so

concern contributions to benefits on retirement, he much of a bonus given by retirement annuity funds, said: "So much of the an employer to his emlump sum benefits and member's average annual ployee on the termination

service bonuses on retire- Sa ytie.e.d (or, in certain circumment, would result in an R30 000 is takeninto ac- stances, impending terestimated revenue loss of count in calculating the mination) of his services R7-miflion for the 1983/84 exempt portion of lump as does not exceed

financial year, and R15-' sum benefits from pen- R20 000, is exempt from

million for a full year. sion and provident funds tax.

Referring to the first in accordance with the "I propose that this

concession, on contribu- formula prescribed in the amount be increased to tions to retirement annui- Act." R30 000."

ty funds, Mr Horwood The maximum exemp- Mr Horwood said the

said these did not at pres- tion in respect of such people who would benefit

ent qualify for a deduc- benefits and lump sum most from the concestion from a person's in- benefits from retirement sions in respect of retirecome unless he carries on 'annuity funds amounted ment benefits were those

a trade. to R60 000. who had not yet retired.

"Where he does, the With regard to the sub- The position of people contributions cannot be stantial remuneration ad- who had retired some

deducted from invest- justments in the past few time ago and whose abiliment income (such as years, Mr Horwood pro- ty to augment their individends or interest) or posed that the amount of come, was thus reduced, income in the form of an- R30 000 be increased to h14 4s,reeiis * nuities or pensions." R40 000. tendon.

Retirement annuity Also, "that the amount -- !%

funds had originally come of R60 000 be increased weaker' position thaný into being as a form of to the greater of R80 000, others as a result of the

pension fund for the self- or an amount calculated gradual decline in the vaemployed, and they were by multiplying the lue of their fixed incomes.

also used by salary earn- amount of R3 000 by the "I therefore propose

ers to augment their pen- number of years in the that the additional tax resions frompension funds. member's period of ser- bate for persons over the

106
age of 70 be increased thus in total increase from

from R80 to R180," Mr R200toR300.

Horwood said. "The loss of revenue is

In practical terms, this estimated at R3-million

rebate, together with the for the 1983/84 financial

R120 rebate for people year and R4,5-million for over 60 (which those over a full year," Mr Horwood

70 also enjoyed), would said.

Loan Levy Revoke For Individual

THE loan levy on individuals is to be abolished with

effect from March 1, this year.

Announcing this in his Budget Speech in the Assembly yesterday, the Minister of Finance, Mr Owen

Horwood, said that where the economy was in reces- sion, he felt it desirable to inject a "modest morale

booster" by way of financial relief.

The best measure to achieve this was, in his view, to

abolish the loan levy on personal income taxpayers

which he had re-imposed a yeat ago.

"This will leave the maximum marginal rate of tax at

50 percent without any loan levy encumbrance. I propose, therefore, to abolish the loan levy on individuals

with effect from the tax years starting after March 1,

1983.

"The amount foregone to the Exchequer is estimated

at R230-million."-- Sapa.

Donations Tax Reductions To Be Raised

DONATIONS tax deduc- er the avoidance of intions in respect of grants come tax as well as estate

in favour of a donor's duty by means of donachildren is to be raised, tions.

Mr Horwood said. He "Casual donations of a pro$o 4&-9irdona- small value could not be

tions tax purposes the labelled as tax avoidance

apop_ w . 464d tnt and an exemption has

ch" 4e h Wom thus been provided in re- R2 000 to R5 000. spect of such donations

"By reason of in- which do not exceed

creased values, I wish to R2 000. The concept of

propose that for dona- 'small value' is relative in

tions tax purposes the the times we live in and I

exemption in respect of propose that the amount

donations effected after of R2 000 be increased to

March 31 1983 be raised fu 000."

from R15 000 to R20.000 Mr Horwood said the

per child. loss of revenue as a result

Mr Horwood said do- of these concessions was nations tax had originally estimated at R100 000 a been introduced to count- year.

107
9.5 Percent Increase In Tax Revenue

TOTAL tax ioies- increases were expected ling around R5 300-miltimated to i y%9,5 to be lower than last year, lion.

percent to Ig Mil- normal salary scale incre- Receipts from Customs

lion in 1983/ en ments and the public ser- and Excise were expected

'Horwood, said. vice policy of occupa- to fall by 12,1 percent to

Introducing his Budget tional pay differentiation R2 060-million, a decline

to Parliament he said that were expected to result in ascribed to an expected

although salary and wage higher tax receipts total- R255-million drop in revenue from the reduced nine percent up on last

import surcharge. year.

General Sales Tax receipts were expected to in- Gold mining revenues crease by some 20 percent were extremely difficult

to R3 950-million and to estimate because of the

company tax to about volatile gold price, Mr

R4 100-million, not quite Horwood said.

CSO: 3400/1118

108
SOUTH AFRICA

MOSSEL BAY OIL PROBE GETS SETBACK

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 31 Mar 83 p 9

[Text] Soekor have aban- No significant hydro- October, the EG-2*site,'

doned the EG-3 bore- carbon shows were found also off Mossel Bay, was

hole off Mossel Bay and, after plugging the found to be capable of

after tests showed borehole, the rig will now producing more than 50-

only half a million move to a site about 40 million barrels of gas and

cubic feet of gas a km north-east of its cur- about 1 200 barrels'of oil

day could be ob- rent position. a day.

talned, the company A spokesman for Soe- As a result, expectaannounced yester- kor said that although the tions for EG-3 had been

day. results obtained at the very high.

EG-3 borehole off Mossel The move to the new The tests were con- Bay were very disappoint- site, F-AF1, was being

ducted at depths of 3458 ing. The corporation was made both to allow time m to 3494,5 m. This bore- not writingoff the area. for examination of data

hole will now be plugged Soekor needed time to from EG-3 and further to

and the rig will move to a explore a site which had new site 97 km south of re-examine data obtained shown good results in the

Mossel Bay. from the site. This data

could lead to future bore- past.

TThespokesman said sit- The borehole off the holes being sunk at better es being explored off the

east coast north of Dur- locations. East Coast were aimed

ban, the first in the pres- Compared with pre- more at gathering geo- ent programme in this vious results obtained in logical information about

area, has been completed the EG area, the yield at the little-known area than

to a depth of 3169 m. EG-3 was negligible. Last at striking oil! - Sapa.

CSO: 3400/1118

109
SOUTH AFRICA

LANDLOCKED BOPHUTHATSWANA TO GET POWER STATION

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 25 Mar 83 p 13

[Article by Simon Willson]

[Text] that somebody has made an from South Africa in 1977,

BOPHUTHATSWANA incorrect statement. Bophuthatswana has taken "I cannot confirm or deny its electricity from the Rand is to build a R84-mil- the existence of the contract, and Free State grid network lion power station, ac- We'd prefer a nuclear subma- of the Electricity Supply cording rine to a power station - it Commission. to a consor- would be more useful," Mr In 1979 Bophuthatswana's tium of Italian Young said. electricity demand was electrical engineering Johannesburg consulting 24 Mw, an increase of 40% on companies which says engineers, who have carried the pres year.fByw1981, it has won the contract. out itgion feasibility ha won studies in the the latest year for which any thet, contrafigures are available, de- region in the past, said they mand is estimated to have Bophuthatswana's Minis- had heard of'no power risen to between 28 Mw

ter of Finance, Mr A G station inquiries in and 30Mw. Young, said in Mmabatho Bophuthatswana. By comparison, a town the yesterday that the Italian The Italian consortium size of Potchefstroom con- consortium's announcement

wassays the contract is for a sumes 40 Mw, Witbank 60Mw thermal power sta- 65 Mw and Johannesburg "There have been recent tion, with an option for con- 1 200 Mw. studies on the feasibility of struction of three more Analysts say Bophutha- power station projects in Bo- plants of the same capacity. tswana is paying about R25- phuthatswana, but it may be Since its independence million a year for more than

1 000-million kilowatt/hours

of Escom power. A spokesman for Escom

said the commission had no comment on Bophuthats- wana's reported power-sta- tion contract.

CSO: 3400/1122

110
SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

FOREIGN AID NEARLY $300 MILLION--South African aid to foreign countries

amounted to almost $300 million during the past financial year. An official

of the South African Department of Foreign Affairs, Dr (J.A. Shaw), said in

Pretoria that, in addition to this aid, South Africa had also undertaken

humanitarian, emergency and refugee programs in neighboring countries. He

said these countries included Nigeria, South-West Africa/Namibia, Lesotho,

Botswana, Zaire, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Dr (Shaw) added that South Africa

preferred to give loans rather than grants, because it was convinced that

the recipient countries should be supported in such a way that they would be

encouraged to assume greater control over their own affairs anddestinies.

IText] 1MB081237 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 8 Apr

83]

FORUM AGAINST CONSTITUTION PLAN--Bishop Desmond Tutu has backed a national

forum to mobilize opposition to the government's constitutional proposals.

The general secretary of the South African Council of Churches has confirmed

he is a member of the steering committee for the forum. His words follow

the announcement yesterday a AZAO Vice President Saaths Cooper that the forum

has been called for 11 and 12 June in Hamanskraal in the Northern Transvaal.

Cooper said only black delegates would attend. Tutu said today that the forum

is not a racist structure. IExcerpt] IMB081855 Umtata Capital Radio in

English 1700 GMT 8 Apr 83]

LAND INTERCHANGE DETAILS ANNOUNCED--JEmbargoed until 0700 GMT 9 Apr]--Cape

Town, 9 Apr, SAPA--The minister of cooperation and development, Dr Piet Koornhof,

today announced specific details of the interchange of white and black designated

land affecting Venda and the Soutpansberg area. The following areas of the

SA Development Trust in the District of Soutpansberg have been designated

white: Mahilashoek, Schaapkraal, Vliegenpan, Spelonkwater, Lastpost, Driekoppie,

Baviaanskloof, Ramazybok, Boschluiskloof, part of Preezkloof, Jacobs Kloof,

part of Rietfotein, part of Drooggeloop, part of Boschkopje, part of Bultfontein,

Kleinfontein, Oog Van Driefontein, Nooitgedacht, Welgevonden, Wakkerstroom,

part of Rietvlei, part of Setali Doornboom, Setali Zevenfotein, Vlakplaas

and Oog Van Middagzon. IText] IMB090920 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0301

GMT 9 Apr 83]

CSO: 3400/1143

:iii
SWAZILAND

BRIEFS

STUDENTS BOYCOTT CLASSES--Students at the University of Swaziland in Kwaluseni

yesterday boycotted classes in protest against the arrest of members of the

student representative body during the riots last Saturday. The university's

senate yesterday held an urgent meeting with the students to discuss the class

boycotts, following an appeal by the university's authorities for them to

return to class. The six students were released by police yesterday afternoon. The resolution to boycott the classes was taken during an extraordinary

meeting on Sunday. Four of the six students are executive members of the

Students Representative Council. Early yesterday morning the Dean of Student

Affairs, Mr Simon Nkambule, told The Times that they were still waiting for

the police to make the charge. "We wanted to help the students as far as we

could to return to classes. "The students took the decision on moral

principles. They did not want to go to class while their fellow students

were still in custody." The rector of the university, Professor Sam Guma said

classes were expected to resume today. [Text] [Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English 22 Mar 83 p 16]

FAILURE OF COOPERATIVES--Swaziland's cooperatives have failed as a means of

bringing the economically weak into the main stream of national development,

deputy permanent secretary in the 'Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives,

Mr Gilbert Dlamini, said this week, Opening the Ninth Annual General Meeting

of the Central Cooperative 'Union (CCU) at the cooperative development centre,

Ezulwini. Mr Dlamini said despite significant resources channelled into the

creation of a network of cooperatives to service the need of the ordinary

citizen, cooperatives and their leaders have achieved less than expected.

"Whichever way we turn we find cooperatives which have stopped operating and

no longer provide their members with the services they continue to need," he

said. "Cooperatives may indeed have failed, but I would argue that they must

be made to succeed because the functions they should perform are so important

to our overall development strategy," he said. Mr Dlamini called upon cooperatives' leaders to analyse the causes of failure and to take steps to reverse

the current situation. "The CCU can only be as strong and dynamic as the member societies affiliated to it," he said. {Excerpt] IBM090925 Mbabane THE

SWAZI OBSERVER in English 9 Apr 83 p 1]

CSO: 3400/1147

112
TOGO

BRIEFS

DPRK FARMING GIFTS--The minister of rural development this afternoon took delivery of a consignment of farming machinery including tractors and ploughs

as gifts from the DPRK Government to Togo and a contribution to its green

revolution. The DPRK ambassador presented the gift. JAB112014 Lome Domestic

Service in 'French 1900 GMT 11 Apr 83]

CSO: 3419/748

113
UPPER VOLTA

PRESIDENT, PRIME MINISTER ON ORIENTATION OF CSP

London WEST AFRICA in English 11 Apr 83 p 914

[Text] The Conseil duwSalut du Peuple There was no question, the I hope- that the Imperialists can

(CSP) is not leading Upper Volta President said, of the CSP impos- hear you saying this. Repeat it, towards some sort of "Red Peril", ing an ideology or model of society have they been a failure?

according to President Jean- on an unwilling public. - No!

Baptiste Ouedraogo. President Ouedraogo, referring The Captain said it was impor- The. President was speaking af- to the recent arrests of our politi- tant to block all forms of imperial- ter Captain Thomas Sankara, his cians fo r inciting insurrection and ism, including that which "armed

Prime Minister, and Commandant possible involvement in the recent South Africa to kill our brothers.

Lingani, the General Secretary of coup attempt (West Africa, March That same imperialism which

the CSP, at his first public meet- 28), revealed that one of their assassinated Lumumba, Cabral

ing. The meeting, in Ouaga- number, former Education Minis- and Nkrumah."

dougou, was well attended and ter of Education Albert Patouin was officially intended to "inform Ouedraogo, had been released Concerning his recent trip to

the people in an objective man- from jail and put under house Libya, Captain Sankara said "We

ner" of the aims of the CSP. arrest because he did not personal- told the Libyan leaders that we After denying the various ly attend the meeting at which the had nothing against Libya but that accusations recently made against plot was hatched. The arrests, the we also had our own positions,

the CSP that we are not ideological vir- (that it intended to turn President said, were in no sense gindi.

Upper Volta into a jahamiriya, arbitrary. gins that they would expropriate en- The Prime Minister, Thomas The Captain revealed that an trepreneurs, that they would foist Sankara, gave a much livelier agreement had been reached with

Marxist Leninism on an unwilling speech than the President, posing Tripoli for the supply of 3,500m.

people . . .), President. Oued- many rhetorical questions to the CFA-worth of Libyan cement;

raogo said "We are nationalists", assembled crowd: "Who are the "Why should we take Gaddafi's

He denounced those politicians enemies of the people? . . . the cement and not negotiate with who were critical of his regime as enemies of the people are those him?" Captain Sankara explained "wolves in sheeps clothing"; they politicians who only act when elec- that Libya had been able to build

had failed to develop Upper Volta tion time comes around", many social facilities thanks to its properly and this was condemna- Referring to the recent tours the oil; but that oil money was ex- tion enough of them; "the failure CSP had made en brousse to ploited by the imperialists and by of the Old Political Guard is appa- inform the populace of its aims, he the King in the time of Idriss. The

rent ... and now they accuse us of said: "A foreign journalist, in a far people had nothing. Now they had being children incapable of run- away country sitting in a swivel tarred roads and free housing: "If

ning the country!" chair in an air-conditioned office we could develop Upper Volta in

The President defined the has dared to suggest that the CSP the same way that Colonel Gadobjectives of the CSP as: has failed in its information tours. dafi has developed Libya, would - to clean up the moral political Was it a failure? You who are you be content, Yes or No?"

environment; here, answer me. -Yes! - the institution of a true demo- - No!

cracy; Were they a failure? - the re-organisation and re- -- No!

dynamisation of the administration and army: - the opening towards a normal

constitutional life.

CSO: 3400/1178

114
UPPER VOLTA

CSP ANNOUNCES NEW RADIO PROGRAM

AB131034 Ouagadougou Domestic Service in French 2000 GMT 12 Apr 83

[Excerpt] As we just announced in our newscast, here is the new program by

the People's Salvation Council [CSP]. It is a weekly program which will be

on the air every Tuesday.

Service to the people; this is the cardinal point of the CSP's policy. The

people are sovereign and must be allowed to express their opinions. It is the

need that creates the organ. This is well known and accepted. L'ARMEE DU

PEUPLE, the CSP"s struggle and information magazine, wishes to open the CSP to

the people and the people to the CSP. This objective has been partly achieved. The magazine's reputation has gone beyond our national borders as was

demonstrated by the free publicity given it by the international press.

However, L'ARMEE DU PEUPLE is not enough because of its objective limitations

which include its nonclassical method of distribution and the low literacy rate

of our masses. We therefore decided to further popularize our common struggle

and make our voice louder by using a more effective means of information: the

national radio and television. As of next week (that is after the 2000

newscast of Tuesday 19 April) the CSP will enter into discussions with you.

The topics will be those that concern the CSP and you because they concern

our country's social, political and economic development. Once every week and

for 1 hour, you will be in direct contact with the CSP in order to know it

better, to understand its action and to receive clarifications concerning issues relating to the national life and our country's place in the international

context. To do this, several members of the CSP will come to the studio. Our

broadcast, which is also yours, plans to discuss current national and international issues. The program will revolve around three points which will now

be presented to you by Comrade Traore.

[Begin Traore recording] Yes, as Comrade (Dieng) has just announced to you,

the broadcast will be in three parts. The first part will concern information,

the second will be devoted to listeners' letters and the third will be used to

familiarize the masses with the CSP.

CSO: 3419/765

115
ZAIRE

MOBUTU REPORTS ON NATION'S ECONOMIC PROBLEMS

Kinshasa ELIMA in French 12, 14 Mar 83

[12 Mar 83 p 7]

[Report on Interview with Sese Seko Mobuto]

[Text] The bimonthly LE COURRIER, published in Brussels by the ACP-EEC

[African, Caribbean and Pacific-EEC Countries], has a supplement on the

Republic of Zaire in its Issue No 71 (March-April 1983), which includes an

interview with Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko, president-founder of the FPR

[Popular Movement of the Revolution] and president of the republic.

The chief of state describes the current problems facing the Zairean economy

and relations between Zaire and its partners in Africa and the rest of the

world. In answer to the questions asked by Lucien Pagni, COURRIER editor in

chief, he also discusses Zaire's stand in the face of urgent current problems.

The head of state ascribes the current difficulties experienced by the

country to three essential reasons: the semi-enclave state of Zairean territory, the condition of an export-oriented national economy and the low managerial ability of national cadres at the time of independence. He also

lists external factors, such as the foreign debt which has increased virtually tenfold in less than 10 years as a result of some objective reasons.

Finally, he emphasizes the need to rehabilitate and enhance domestic production.

Zaire will never answer racism with blind racism, Marshal Mobutu claims, in

commenting on the situation in South Africa. The head of state referred to

the position of his country in the world and claimed that "our concern has

always been to maintain an entirely open attitude toward all countries who

accept established relations of cooperation with us while respecting our

individuality as we respect theirs."

The head of state claims that relations between Belgium and Zaire could be

considered a model of cooperation if Brussels would understand that one could

respect "the right of everyone to think differently." On the other hand, he

considers that relations with Washington "have greatly improved," and that

the balance of cooperation with the EEC is "all in all satisfactory."

Zaire, Marshal Mobutu said, has no animosity whatsoever toward the Arab

countries. However, it will never accept being "treated like a freight car

with the other countries acting as locomotives."

116
Decisions involving the country are made in Kinshasa: the reasons which had

led to a break of relations with Israel having disappeared, nothing prevented

Kinshasa from resuming in 1982 the situation which prevailed before 1973 in

relations with Tel Aviv. Zaire, Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko claims, continues

to recognize the PLO as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian

people who have the right to a country also.

Internal and External Reasons for Economic Difficulties

The president-founder of the MPR began by specifying that "in Zaire we have

always accepted that the most important effort must take place at home: we

are relying mainly on our own forces."

In mentioning the internal reasons for the crisis, Marshal Mobutu points out

that the entire structure of the Zairean economy was conceived and developed

during the colonial age, as a function of external needs. This was the reason for the layout of communications facilities for imports and exports of

raw materials, base products, spare parts, equipment, etc.

Excluding air transports, Zaire inherited from the colonization period the

following five routes as main facilities for deliveries and supplies:

The southern way: Lubumbashi, Dilolo-Benguela (in Angola);

The eastern way: Kalemie, Kigoma, Dar Es-Salaam (Tanzania);

The northeastern way: Kivu-Uganda-Kenya;

The other southern way: Lubumbashi Beira (in Mozambique); and

The national way: from Lubumbashi to the mouth of the Zaire River, more than

2,500 kilometers long (the Atlantic coast is only 37 kilometers distant).

It is actually on the basis of this configuration of the transportation

infrastructure that the international community, on the level of the United

Nations, the ACP-EEC group and the AEC, acknowledged that our country was a

semi-enclave, the chief of state said.

Any difficulty in the traffic in goods and services affecting any of the nine

neighboring countries has always had incalculable repercussions on the traffic in goods and services inside Zaire.

Thus, starting with 1975, with the destruction of the Dilolo-Lobito Benguela

railroad track in Angola, as a result of the civil war, the southern route,

on which nearly 60 percent of exports and imports of Shaba Industries depend,

has been closed. This situation has lasted for almost 10 years.

The eastern way, which goes through Tanzania, has been worsened repeatedly as

a result of endless landslides along the Kigoma-Dar Es-Salaam tracks.

117
The shipment of goods through Uganda had become so heavily dependent on the

unstable relations between Kenya and Uganda that the extremely risky situation lasted almost 10 years.

All that remains is the national route which, in addition to needed improvements within the country, has not as yet been completed in that a number of

breaks remain in Kamina, Ilebo and Matadi.

An Export-Oriented Economy

The second factor mentioned by the chief of state is that the Zairean economy, essentially export-oriented, has always lived on income based essentially on the export of mining commodities and, to a certain extent, farm goods,

coffee in particular.

The difficulties in communications facilities have had repercussions on the

mining industry and export crops to the point that production was forced to

remain stagnant and the completion of investments aimed at increasing production capacities, planned since 1970, had to be stopped, thus freezing

substantial funds in excess of $300 million.

The third reason has to do with the managerial skills of the native population, which we admit to being very weak at the time our country gained its

independence and which we considered to have been insufficiently strengthened

at the outbreak of the 1973 world crisis, which coincided with the experience

of Zaireanization and radicalization of the national economic production

sector."

As to the external reasons, there is no need to expound on them, for they are

known throughout the world. The cost of petroleum products has increased by

virtually a factor of 30 since 1970, trade relations worsened as a result of

price increases in imported manufactured and food commodities, on the one

hand, and the steady decline of the prices of export commodities such as

copper, cobalt, coffee, diamonds, etc., on the other, and the increased

burden of the foreign debt.

Thus, President Mobutu explains, in less than 10 years Zaire's foreign debt

increased virtually tenfold. This was "as a result of the faith, I am

pleased to say, of Zaire's economic partners in the country, in the course of

the second half of the 19 6 0s and the beginning of the 1970s, to begin with,

and the steady rise in interest rates and the frenetic increase in the

exchange rate of the dollar, the shortness of the grace period granted Zaire

by lenders and the short term of the loans which were granted to us, subsequently, and global inflation, which should not be forgotten, finally."

Recovery and Enhancement of Output

In discussing the plan for agricultural improvements, Marshal Mobutu pointed

out that in order to increase output the country relies essentially on the

integral rural development projects, agroindustrial companies, professional

agencies and cooperatives which, in addition to their own output, will train

the peasants in their respective areas of influence.

118
As to financial means, all available funds in Zaire as well as those in foreign currency will be used, namely the economic upsurge funds, counterpart

funds, the budgetary measures taken by the Department of Agriculture, loans

to the economy, and funds contributed by friendly countries and international

agencies.

The Zairean agricultural crisis is essentially the result of the worsened

condition of traffic routes and the disorganization of distribution circuits.

"Nevertheless," the president-founder emphasized, "in terms of the mining

industry it is important to note, for example, that for many years thanks to

the GECAMINES revenue, we have been able to supply regularly the Shaba Industries flour mills, on which the entire population of the area as far as Kasai

depends."

In discussing the country's indebtedness, the head of state noted the following: "The use of models unsuitable to the imperatives of economic adjustments and enhancement has frequently been the basic reason for the failures

of the programs which we developed with the IMF, for example."

The father of the nation had the following to say on this topic: "The problem of the country's indebtedness cannot be resolved, as we see it, exclusively through the recovery and enhancement of output, which should be given

priority in terms of export resources and foreign aid. However, our partners

exclusively emphasize the need to look for additional outside funds in order

to be reimbursed, on a priority basis, for loan arrears, at increasingly

costly terms.

"To us this means that the Draconian conditions governing the transfer of new

funds to Zaire should be consistent with the realistic approach which we support and which could be summed as follows:

"i. Grant adequate grace periods to make possible a real enhancement and

recovery of installed production capacity and existing export capacity;

"2. Enlist external financial resources for supplying domestic production

and exports. Let us point out that the EEC appears to have begun to understand this approach as seen in its decision to grant a loan to GECAMINES

within the framework of the SYSMIN, without tying it to cofinancing.

"We intend to strengthen to the best of our ability, as we havealready

started, the management of the little foreign exchange at our disposal."

[14 Mar 83 p 101

[Text] Relations with Brussels and Washington

Asked his view on relations with Belgium, on the one hand, and the United

States, on the other, the head of state said, essentially, that as far as

Belgium is concerned, it is an "eternal ups-and-downs movement." It is true,

he explained, that the press would usually pinpoint differences while hardly

mentioning areas in which our two countries share identical views. I know,

119
however, that our relations with Belgium cover, nevertheless, a broad range

of sectors.

Our cooperation, bearing in mind our historical ties, would have been model,

had Belgium been able to understand that people must make their beds in such

a way as to be comfortable in them. In turn, we do everything possible to

emphasize gains and lessen points of discord, with respect for the right to

differ. We are not interested in internal Belgian problems, God knows they

are numerous. Unfortunately, Belgium, who gained its independence from the

Netherlands in 1930, regularly forgets that there was a 30 June 1960 event in

Zaire. This complicates a number of matters.

Speaking of relations with the United States, the president of the republic

described them as very good. Occasionally they have been somewhat cooler.

However, they have nevertheless shown great improvement for some time.

Naturally, occasionally the interests of the United States and Zaire may

differ on some matters. "This is perfectly normal in relations between two

countries, both of which are independent and sovereign," he said.

EEC-Zaire: A Satisfactory Balance

The head of state had the following to say on cooperation between Zaire and

the EEC and the Lome convention: "The balance of our cooperation is all in

all satisfactory. We are aware of the distinction between so-called 'programmable and nonprogrammable resources.' We firmly believe that a substantial increase of the sum total of funds placed at the disposal of Zaire

through a combination of various instruments stipulated in the current convention would enable my country to play a catalytic role as of 1984;" we

intend to play this role mainly with a view to ensuring development on the

basis of South-South relations.

"The desired increase in available funds should be influenced by the growth

of the world inflationary rate so that it may be a real increase.

"Zaire is, therefore, determined to do its best to meet reciprocal interests

in drafting the new framework which will succeed the Lome 2 convention."

Zaire in Africa...

"The role of Zaire," the head of state said, "has been and will remain one of

joining efforts with the other international and national governments and

organizations in order to continue the struggle for the recognition of the

right of the majority of the South African population to be equal and to

participate in managing the affairs of its country."

Naturally, Zaire could take the initiative itself. However, to carry it out

it needs the support of all the forces engaged in this combat. The people of

South Africa will find in Zaire a secure and available interlocutor.

We shall never answer racism with blind racism. It is not a question of

throwing into the sea tomorrow the whites living in West Africa. These

120
whites are at home, for they have been inhabiting this part of our continent

for centuries... We are asking them to be sensible before it is too late,

and to realize that, whatever they may do, inevitably the power will be

assumed by the black majority. The time they hope to gain today will bring

nothing good to their grandchildren, Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko asserted.

In terms of Africa, we have developed ideas-factors which include a goodneighbor policy, noninterference in the domestic affairs of other countries,

support of any initiative aimed at resolving problems among African states

through peaceful means, within or without the OAU framework, active participation in the liberation struggle waged by still-dominated peoples, economic

cooperation with a view to gradual African integration and respect for the

OAU charter.

... And Throughout the World

"Outside the African continent, our concern has always been to remain open to

all countries, without exception, who are willing to establish a cooperation

with us while respecting our individuality as we respect theirs," the head of

state asserted.

Zaire establishes relations of cooperation regardless of the political,

economic or social system of its partner, the essential factor being the

protection of our interests. That is the way we conceive of our nonalignment, he said.

In terms of the Arab countries, Zaire has no animosity whatever toward them.

The proof is that it maintains excellent relations with some of them. However, it will never accept being treated like a freight car with the others

acting as the locomotive engines.

Zaire is a sovereign and independent country. It respects the sovereignty of

other countries and expects reciprocal respect. "Decisions involving our

country are made in Kinshasa and not elsewhere," the Guide said.

"A great deal has been said and written on relations between Israel and.Zaire

following the resumption of diplomatic relations between the two countries.

This is quite natural, for my decision had had the effect of a bomb exploded

on the international stage.

"However, let us not exaggerate. I have repeatedly explained why my country

resumed diplomatic relations with Israel. It was quite simple: the reasons

which had led to the break in October 1973 having disappeared, there was

nothing to prevent Zaire from restoring the pre-1973 situation.

"The break of our relations with Israel was a sanction, for the country was

occupying a part of Egyptian territory, the territory of a member country of

the OAU. The occupied territory having been evacuated and returned to Egypt,

the sanction had to be lifted. This was accomplished in April 1982.

121
"However, although uninvolved in the Middle East conflict," the president of

the republic concluded, "we have always recognized the PLO as the sole organization representing the struggle of the Palestinian people who, in our

view, have the right to a homeland also. This is our unchanged position, which

is clear and unquestionable. It should always be taken into consideration as

well."

5157

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122
ZAMIA

FAO FAMINE, DROUGHT RELIEF

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 28 Mar 83 p 5

[Excerpt]

THE FOOD and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) has

donated food'to famine-stricken areas in Gweembe Valley,

District Governor Mr Nicholas

Nchimunya said at the weekend.

He told Party Secretary-General Mr Humphrey Mulemba

at a party meeting in Maamba

that the distribution of the

food would start as .soon as

some administrative problems

have been solved.

He said the food would

save lives of the people who

have been hit by the drought

especially those in the valley.

The governor said in addition to this the Party and its

Government has released

7,200 bags of maize which will

also be distributed to the people in thei-faine-stricken area.

"He said the drought which

has hit the country destroyed

most of the crops planted last

season.

CSO: 3400/1130

123
ZAM4BIA

MULEMBA CONCERNED ABOUT CIVIL SERVICE'S 'SHODDY PERFORMANCE'

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 25 Mar 83 p 7

[Excerpt]

PARTY Secretary-General Even with a well organised

Mulemba has expressed con- Party, nothing could be cern over the shoddy perfor- achieved in the 'absence of mance of the civil service of good public administration to

late and called for quick action implement UNIP decisions.

to remedy the situation. If decisions were not impleAddressing his first meeting mented people would begin to

in Livingstone yesterday at the notice the gap between what

start of his ten-day tour of the Party said and what it

Southern Province, Mr Mu- actually put into action.

lemba said he had heard about He appealed to civil ser- many civil servants being vants who felt frustrated and

frustrated and disillusioned, disillusioned to forget about "I am getting concerned of such feelings and work hard

late with the performance of because those problems were our public administration. The temporary.

civil service has ceased to be a "We should collectively find career body when young •a solutionquickly to this. Let

people left colleges and other us make the civil service a higah olaces of learning to join body to which every civil ser- 4 happily. It is not the same. vant looked to as a career, and

today," said Mr Mulemba. with a properly organised

Party such negathve tendencies can be removed.

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124
ZAMBIA

DISTRICT GOVERNOR WANTS REGULATIONS ON ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS CHANGED

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 28 Mar 83 p I

[Excerpt]

MITWE- DISTRIC governor He told the crowd that the

Mr Raphael Mwale said yes- task of controllina aliens

terday that the present regula. could not 'betackled bv the

tions on the handling of illegal police and immlgration offiimmigrants must be changed cias alone.

so that they can be deported at "Where we find aliens

short notice, keeping aliens we shall take

"These regulations should away their houseb," Mr

be changed to allow us to de- Mwale said.

port these people at short no- There was need to change

tice and without complica- the country's present regulalion," the govertbir told a rally flons regarding the handling of

in Chlmwemwe township. illegal Immigrants because

He told the residents that at the moment it was

the district council, in conju- very difficult to deport allens,

nctlion with the Party, would he said.

continue to Implement measu- - "From now on I want you to

res aimed at ridding the city of gef very rough with them

thousands of aliens, mostly [awlens] so that they can

emerald traffickers. leave on their own," the

Mr Mwale said the council governor said.

would evict tenants who were The. governor told the resifound harbouring Illegal ini- dents that the aliens were in

grants- the country to exploit the emeThose living in site and raid deposits and when there

service areas would also have was nothing more to be mined

their houses taken away from and therefore no money for

them if they were found hat- them to live on, they would bouring oreigners whom they turn to stealing and even killknew were in the country to ing local people.

commit crimes. He expressed concern at the

M M dbehaviour of the aliens most

tr Mwale said that it was of whom ar West Africans, Sstrange aliens than that any Kitwe other had town more in-wtthalesbcuehy towards school girls who elope

the hountry. .with the aliens because they h are lured by money.,

CSO: 3400/1130

125
ZAMBIA

MPs PRAISE SOUTHERN PROVINCE MCC MUNGONI LISO

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 26 Mar 83 p 1

[Excerpt] Southern Province member of the Central Committee Mr Mungoni Liso

was yesterday praised in Parliament for his continued good leadership of the

province.

Chikankata Member of Parliament Mr Joshua Lumina said in the House that despite

sentiments from certain quarters, all the representatives of the people of

Southern Province in the House are "completely" behind Mr Liso.

Contributing to the debate on votes for the province Mr Lunina said: "We who

are sent to represent people of Southern Province are completely behind the

Central Committee member and we are sure the people are behind him because he

is doing a good job."

Mr Lumina, whose contribution was punctuated by loud shouts of approval from

both benches, said that he hoped "nothing will change" as a result of the

furore surrounding Mr Liso concerning the forthcoming Presidential elections.

Mr Liso is at the centre of a political storm in Southern Province where he .

had alleged that there is a group of prominent Tonga people in Lusaka who are

working to revive the defunct African National Congress (ANC) and the

People's Democratic Congress (PDC).

But the provincial MCC was later challenged by Provincial Political Secretary

at Freedom House Mr Samson Mukando who leads a group of prominent Tongas in

Lusaka who say they are campaigning to change the political thinking of the

people in the province to ensure a massive 'Yes' vote for President Kaunda.

Mr Mukando told a Press conference earlier this week that Mr Liso had failed

to organise the people in the province and that he (Mukando) and his group

were working with the approval of the Party.

Mr Mukando's group denied that they were working to revive the defunct ANC

but said they were working to ensure a massive 'Yes' vote for the President

and that Mr Liso and Freedom House were aware of this programme and had

sanctioned it.

However, Freedom House on Wednesday issued a statement banning any further

comments on the case which is now being studied.

CSO: 3400/1130 126
ZAMBIA

ZAMBIAN STUDENTS IN GDR RAP '1EAGRE' MONTHLY ALLOWANCES

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 28 Mar 83 p 3

[Text]

ZAMBIAN students the Zambians are paid inent signed between that

In the German De- too much and if given more country and Zambia.

imocratic Republic money will Indulge in Under the agreement,

[GDR], have raised excessive beer drinking, 1,000 local students are Mr Chitundu said. supposedc to be trained

complaints to the In one incident, a drunk as technologists within a

Ministry of General Zambian fell off a train five-year period. The agreEducation's Bursa- there. Mr Chitundu said he ement was amended last

had visited the student year so that the GDR insides Committee on and warned him he would tutes could cater for Form

the ý' meagIre KIO0 be expelled if he continued Five schoolleavers, he said.

monthly allowances to misbehave Mr Chitundu said he

cvMr Chitundu, who acco- had visited a number of

they are. iving mpanied a batch of 62 the institutes and was

for food and acco- new students to the GDR, pleased with the progress

mmodation. two weeks 4agO, however, made by Zambians in the

The committee's chair- said the allowance problem various technical skills.

man Mr Wellington Chitu- was not that serious as However, a number of

ndu, who returned from the some students received the Zambians are1 biased

GDR recently, said in extra money from their against too much emiphasis

Lusaka yesterday that the parents. The committee on practical lesspns. A

students had complained helps the parents exter- further batch of students

to him of- the high cost of nalise the money. are expected to take up

living there and would like The 62 new dispatches. scholarships in the GDR their allowances increased, to the GDR now brings the next September. -A total But on the contrary, the total to 411 of Zambians of 589 scholarships remain. GDR educational authori- studying there under the The technical courses offer- ties are of the opinion that technical training agree- ed range from 2 to four years in duration.

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127
ZAMBIA

PETROLEUM DRUMS SMUGGLED INTO ZAIRE BY RAIL IN JANUARY

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 26 Mar 83 p 2

[Text]

ONE hundred and sixty drums of petrol worth K35,280 were smuggled into

Zaire by rail on January 15 before the abortive attempt to smuggle another

149 drums of petrol worth K26,000 last month, it has been learnt.

The 160 drums were

loaded onto a wagon at

Bwana Mkubwa siding

destined for Sakania,

Zaire.

Zambia Railways northern This was after general secre- stated started work on Mondivision manager Mr Foster tary of Railway Workers day. Mr Munkasu confirmed

Munkasu said in Ndola yester- Union of Zambia (RWUZ) Mr the reinstatement of the

day the consignment that left Kingfred Malamba claimed quartet yesterday, saying they for Zaire in January was dis- that some senior supeivisors in had supplied information

covered during investigations Ndola were sitting on evidence necessary for "refined investi- now going on into the second connected with the attempt to gations". consignment which was im- smuggle the drums of petrol But he said the lifting of the pounded. because they were implicated in suspensions did not mean that . "That came to light during the rmcket. they were cleared of the of- our investigations and it is be- And sources told the Times fence.

ing handled simultaneously that before six workers were Mr Malamba conceded in with the case at hand," Mr suspended for their alleged in- Kabwe yesterday the reinstateMunkasu said. volvement in the racket, a ment of the quartet, all of

The consignment note and senior supervisor assured them whom are unionised emplo- -the goods invoice and delivery of "protection" if, anything yees, did not mean the case had

note of the Zambia Railways happened to them. ended. He was happy, including the customs bill of He allegedly told four of however, that all were back at

entry for export indicated the them who are juniors as he work.

drums contained paraffin, served them with charge sheets: "One point is that the reinMr Munkasu, who could not "I am Shambalakale (old statement of the workers does

say which senior supervisors timer), so don't worry just sign not prejudice the normal were involved in the scandal, those charge sheets. I have course of action to be taken ac- said ten days ago that manage- been forced to do this but cording to our regulations ment would not hesitate to ex, don't worry, I shall help you." depending on the extent of inpose anybody after investiga- The four junior members of volvement of the affected peo- tions in the matter are corn- staff have had their suspen- ple in the case," Mr Munkasu

pleted. sions lifted. The last to be rein- said.

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128
ZAMBIA

ZCTU SAYS GOVERNMENT MUST MEET WITH IT WITHIN THIRTY DAYS

ZCTU's Ultimatum

Lusaka SUNDAY TIMES in English 27 Mar 83 p 1

[Excerpt]

THE Government plight of workers, so both of next course of action to take

us identify the issues." without any further delay: must meet the But Mr Zimba said if the "We know the difficulties

Zambia Congress Government granted the facing the Government eco- ZCTU a meeting quickly nomically but the reigning of Trade Unions there would be no need to silence must be broken."

(ZCTU) within 30 call an emergency meeting. The ZCTU made its stand

The general council was known on the five per cent

days or the labour concerned over the treat- wage ceiling and gave its

movement will be ment the ZCTU was getting reasons for rejecting the

from the Government. move. forced to ask for a "In the event of no meet- The official opening of the

meeting with Pre- ing taking place within 30 council was attended by visitdays we may resort to re- ing president of the Yugoslav

sident Kaunda. questing a meeting with the Confederation of Trade

highest authority - the Pre- Unions Mr Bojoljub Nedelij- The ZCTU gave the sident - to discuss issues of kovic and Copperbelt provinultimatum at an extra- national concern." cial political secretary Mr

ordinary general council- The general council hoped Martin Mubanga.

meeting held at Kati- the request would be granted Mr Chiluba said the ZCTU

before the deadline expired. could not understand the ,lungu House in Kitwe And opening the meeting yesterday. yesterday ZCTU chairman decontrol o prnes weasure

The ultimatum would be Mr Frederick Chiluba said and why the Government was

put in writing to the Govern- relations between the Gov- unable to see that most

ment and if no meeting was ernment moeetwr and the labour workers were living below the eddfr poverty datum line. o h granted a general council movement were headed for pvrydtmln

mranteen d benecalledube-l 

meeting would be called be- troubled "The waters. patience of the Party The and supremacy its Government, of the

fore the talks with the Presi- labour movement is running said, must be seen in its

dent. out. We have held the olive ability to manage and not by

ZCTU general secretary branch for a long time. The boasting to its citizens. The

Mr Newstead Zimba, who Party and its Government Government must lead by

was briefing the Press on must take the consequences example and give its people

deliberations of the council, real freedom if it was to

said the Congress had been. arsing out of this." qual if as th

avoiding Presidening "exhausting issexastiwe think.. the The ZCTU extraordinary Kqualify people.. as a champion of the.

President on issues we think. general council "might maie Authorities must be consishis colleagues "We can ot re tackle. gnoantof or between break the relations Party existing and its tent in policies as Zambia was

"We are not ignorant of in the fore-front of Africa's

problems affecting the Gov- Government." s

einent and the Mr Chiluba said the coun- liberation struggle.

enment isanot i Govern- cil had a duty to decide the The labour movement

ment is-not ignorant-of the wanted peace and unity in the

country, he said.

129
Ultimatum Shows Rift's Seriousness

Lusaka SUNDAY TIMES in English 27 Mar 83 p 1

[Editorial]

[Text] THE decision by the Zambia Congress of

Trade Unions yesterday to give the Government 30 days in which to call a meeting to

discuss the labour movement's rejection of

the five per cent wage increase ceiling is the

last chance for the two to resolve the issue

amicably.

After that the labour movement plans to see

President Kaunda to put forward its case.

We sincerely hope that it will not be necessary to overburden the President with matters which can easily be dealt with by the

minister responsible.

The ultimatum, however, shows how serious

the rift between the labour movement and

the Government has become through what

the ZCTU interprets as a deliberate snub

from the Government.

This chance to resolve the issue amicably

should not be missed in the interest of industrial harmony and at a time when the

nation is making every effort to resuscitate

the economy and can ill afford industrial

upheavals.

ZCTU general secretary Mr Newstead Zimba

is right when he says the unions are not

blind to problems the Party and its Government is facing and that the Party and its

Government is also aware of problems the

workers are facing.

So why the delays in calling for a round table

meeting to resolve the differences instead of

seemingly courting a confrontation? i

Zambia still has fresh memories of the crippling miners' strikes on the Copperbelt in

June and July 1981 in which the country

lost K20 million, a minister's car was badly

damaged while the owner was forced to

seek refuge elsewhere and an innocent

schoolboy killed.

Such nasty incidents must be avoided at all

costs. Aportioning blame afterwards does

not help the situation. The yardstick for

cool-headed leadership is in avoiding

\frightening situations in the interests of the

nation.

So if the labour movement's' proposals are

receiving active attention, why not formally

keep the other party informed?

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130
ZAMBIA

MUNDIA RECEIVES SECOND CONSIGNMENT OF FINNISH TRUCKS

Lusaka SUNDAY TIMES in English 27 Mar 83 p 1

[Text]

SOME of the 27 trucks reducing councils transport Mr Mundia said the trucks

which Finland handed problems. would help the Party and its

over 

The first 28 were already Government to meet its aspira- to Zambia yesterday being used by the councils. tions in making the decen- for use by district coun- "Such an act by the Finnish tralised system of administracils -will not be irn- government is appreciated es- tion more effective and sucmediately operational pecially considering the prob- cessful.

because they have no lems of our economy and the boes. scarcity of foreign exchange "As our system of decen- bodies, hindering our import trade," tralisation evolves and advanPrime Minister tMun'dia re- Mr Mundia said. ces the councils will remember

ceived the trucks from Finnish He hailed the ties between the contributions of the Finambassador to Zambia Mr Zambia and Finland. "To- nish government to their deveErik Hellqvist at a ceremony at day's presentation by your lopment. The 27 trucks will

BMS Engineering in Lusaka. government further affirms the certainly give great relief to

* Mutende Investments group warm friendship and coopera- their transport problems and

of companies general manager tion existing- between-rt .ttwq, needs."

Mr Elijah Tembo appealed to countries." The Prime Minister empha- Mr Mundia to give BMS -He noted that cooperation sised the need for constant

Engineering-the agent for between the two countries flow of spare parts for repairs,

Sisu-Auto. company, of Fin- embraced other areas of Zam- maintenance and service of the

land which manufactures the bia's economy, such as indus- trucks.

trucks-foreign exchange to try, agriculture, rural developimport materials to complete ment, energy, education, Hecommended the Nordic

the trucks. forestry and mining, countries for helping develop- Mr Mundia commended This cooperation had behe- ing countries to achieve econoFinland for the trucks which fited many institutions in- mic independence.

were a second consignment cluding Zimco, Zesco, Na- Mr Hellqvist' said Finnish

under a Finnish aid pro- tional Housing Authority, aid to Zambia had grown from

gramme to Zambia. He said schools and colleges in the K42 million last year to K55

they would go along way in form of grants, technical and million this year and it was

corrimodity aid. expected to increase in 1984.

CSO: 3400/1130

131
ZAMBIA

POLICE REPORT NOTES 'GLARING IRREGULARITIES' IN RAILWAYS' BUYING

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 28 Mar 83 p 1

[Text]

"Because of the undisclosed

GLARING irregularities motive by those responsible for inviting quotations, have been revealed in Zambia Railways paid a

the purchasing depart- total amount of Kl17,900

ment of Zambia Rail- to K.W. Holdings for 9,000

ways. kg of calcium carbide rock

The revelations are contained instead of only K32,940.

in a confidential report by This resulted in a loss of

the fraud squad of Zambia K84,960." Railways police to general The three-page report says it

manager Mr Basil Monze. waý the responsibility of the

The report, dated August 6, stock and storage controller

1982, tells the story of how to initiate the SF 40 stock

the company lost more than recoupment form after reK80,000 through purchase ceiving of a stores stocking of 9,000 kg of calcium request justifying the need

carbide rock in Zambia at for buying the materials. But

K13 per kg when a lesser officers denied they approv- price of about K4 a kg was ed the controversial orders.

offered. The report says "We found it

Signed by the then acting difficult to determine resrailway police commandant, dibilt fo the losMr P.S. Musonda the report ponsibility for the loss, butu says a number of companies we recommend that in future supplying this type of rock the supplies manager should supplyig thisid tyeofi k issue written instructions were visited to find a and the procedure stipulated cheaper source, in the purchasing policy In May the same year, MT Mu- should be followed strictly." sonda's men visited Lualaba

Enterprises where they were Last week the Railway Worktold the company supplied ers Union of Zambia charg- the rock at K3.95 a kg ed that indiscipline and ramthrough its sister company pant misuse of company C.M. Chemicals. property was rife in the

"Theytold us K.W. Holdings, railways management who sold this material to us starting from head office in

at K13 a kg bought it from Kabwe down to junior staff

C.M. Chemicals. in divisiohs."

CSO: 3400/1130

132
ZAMBIA

LUAPULA PROVINCE FOOD PRODUCTION HURT BY TRACTOR BREAKDOWN

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 28 Mar 83 p 1

[Excerpt]

FOOD production in Luapula. Province has been affected by the breakdown of 20 tractors after working

for a short period, provincial agricultural officer Mr

Torex Malunia has said.

Mr Malunza said farmers in belt through the Agricultural

the area were using manual Finance Company (AFC) but

labour or hired tractors from they had not been delivered.

the Land Development Ser- Mr Malunza suggested

vices. "This is a major setback spare parts agencies should be

because the LDS equipment is set up in the province to speed

-not enough for the large up the repair of tractors.

number of farmers in the Provincial Member of the

area." Central Committee Mrs Mary

The plight of the.farmers in Fulano said new tractors sent

Luapula was brought to light to the region were not good for

last month when provincial local conditions.

political secretary Mr Stephen "Most of them developed

Sikombe toured the area and hydraulic faults and failed to

found tractors, hired by lift the plough to the disfarmers to boost agricultural appointment of the farmers."

production had broken down On the troubled Mununshi

after working for a short banana scheme, Mrs Fulano

period. said the situation was under

The farmers had ordered control after the AFC gave

Tre farmes f thd Cordere the estate a K500,000 loan

spare parts, from the Copper: early this month.

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133
ZAMBIA

U.S.SIGNS AGREEMENT TO PROVIDE NATION WITH ZIM4BABWEAN MAIZE

Details of Agreement

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 25 Mar 83 p 7

[Excerpt]

next week. ZAMBIA and the Mr Platt said the United

United States yes- States would pay for all exterday signed a bila- change costs estimated at

teral agreement to mjore than K7 million.

t ier Zag mbiawith Mr Mundia said the agree- provide Zambia ment was testimony of the

31,000 tonnes of Zim- !spirit of American cooperababwean maize. tion and. assistance towards

minimisinggZarnbia's unfortu- Prime Minister and nate problems of hunger and

Minister of Finance resource constraints.

Mundia signed for Zam- "Faced with yet another

bia while the US ambas- spell of drought and consequential drop in marketabie sador to Zambia, Mr maize production, we had to

Nicholas Platt signed for mount emergency measures to

-his country. contain the situation.

Under the agreement, the "It is really' a stroke of

United States will ship 20,000 successful diplomatic trust and

tonnes of wheat to Zimbabwe. adept negotiations by yokir

In exchange the Zimbabwean able team of officials which

government, through its Grain resalted in the tripartite agreeMarketing Board (GMB), will ment."

release 31,000 tonnes of maize Mr Platt later told Mr

to Zambia from the GMB Mundia the agreement would

depot at Karoi. help the Zambian GovernZambian and Zimbabwean ment to provide additional

trucks will start to haul the credit resources to farmers

maize from Karoi to Lusaka through the country's "budding cooperative system."

134
Self-Sufficiency Depends on Irrigation

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 28 Mar 83 p 4

[Editorial]

[Text]

'DROUGHT is ' Zambia had to import Irrigation is capable

most dreaded word I 21,450 tonnes and ýof increasing rain-fed

Africa at the moment 30,000 tonnes of maize crop yields. Irrigation

because of the untold respectively for the would also assure farmisery it has brought. same reason. The mers of water all the

Last week, the Food story is likely to be the year round thereby enand Agriculture Orga- same next year. couraging them to

nisation gave a very And according to ex- work even harder to

gloomy picture about ports, the dry spell is improve their stock or

the food situation on expected to be with us grow more crops.

the continent, for ten years. We Zambia must get

The FAO forecast should not treat this away from the seasonthat almost 50 million expert advice as a al farming methods by

Africans may starve mere theoretical statis- introducing irrigation

during the coming year tical gimmick. at a massive and comas a result of drought Zambia has by now mercial scale so that

now hitting the greater learnt a lesson from farming is on a daily

part of the continent, the vagaries of nature basis.

Already, most of the and it is for this reason In view of the threat

affected African coun- that the Minister of drought poses to the

tries, Zambia 'includ- Agriculture and Water life of live-stock and

ed, have had to ask for Development, Mr Unia the shortage of food in

food aid from else- Mwila told Parliament general, it is necessary

where. last Friday that his mi- ifor Zambia to embark,

Last week, Zambia nistry will from this !as a matter of urgency,

signed an agreement year channel most of Ion a serious water conwith the United States its aid towards irriga- .servation and developfor 31,000 tonnes of tion. ment programmes by

maize to be brought Indeed irrigation is constructing dams and

into the country from the only solution to wells and by sinking

Zimbabwe to overcome drought. It is the most bore-holes.

the shortfall resulting viable and worthwhile Our self-sufficiency

from drought. investment rather than in agricultural produIn 1981 and 1982, present dependence on cts depends on these

mother nature. programmes.

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135
ZAMBIA

PAPER SCORES BOTHA REFUSAL OF KAUNDA PROPOSAL

MB111736 Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 7 Apr 83 p 4

[Editorial]

[Text] Racist South African Prime Minister Pieter Botha is indeed a strange

and a dishonest boer. And his character comes out in its true form when he

tackles the dispute over the independence for Namibia.

In 1981, Botha dispatched the then administrator-general for Namibia, Mr

Daniel Hough to Geneva to attend a conference on the disrupted territory.

The conference, which was organised by the United Nations, was attended by

delegations from the South-West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) and the

Democratic Tunhalle Alliance which is backed by South Africa.

Although the conference was abortive, the fact remained that the racist regime

recognised the importance of discussing the Namibian problem with SWAPO. The

South African prime minister cannot deny this fact now.

This is the main reason why President Kaunda last week offered to arrange

meetings between South African authorities and SWAPO to work out a lasting

solution to the occupied territory's independence dispute.

Botha is reported to have turned down the offer with a claim that he cannot

hold any meeting with leaders who create unrest and promote revolution in

South Africa.

SWAPO has never hidden the fact that it is fighting in Namibia to dislodge

the racist regime from the country it occupies illegally. This was as true

during the abortive Geneva conference as it is today.

So Botha is not being honest by refusing to talk to leaders of liberation

movements now. The South African regime recently demonstrated that it accepted the need to talk to its adversaries.

The South Africans held talks with Angola in Cape Verde early this year on the

Namibian problem. So why should they reject talks with SWAPO now? If Botha

believes that his regime can defeat SWAPO on the battlefield, he is making a

serious mistake.

136
Many reactionary regimes have in the past made similar judgments only to end

at a negotiating table with their enemies. Did Ian Smith ever dream that one

day he would be discussing the hand-over of power to Africans with Mr Robert

Mugabe and Mr Joshua Nkomo in a conference room?

Of course he thought that day would never come. But it did, and Zimbabwe is

now independent. So even if Botha rejects President Kaunda's offer to arrange

meetings between his officials and leaders of liberation movements, he will

have one with them sooner or later.

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137
ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

UK LOAN AGREEMENT SIGNED--Zambia and Britain yesterday signed an K18.6

million aid package to mark President Kaunda's four-day state visit to

London. According to a statement released by the Overseas Development

Department, K9.6 million of the amount is a grant for training of Zambians

in various specialised fields. The statement also said that the balance

of K9 million is a low interest loan which will be repaid after 25 years with

a grace period of seven years. The loan agreement was signed by Foreign

Affairs Minister, Professor Lameck Goma, on behalf of the Zambian government

and Minister for Overseas Development, Mr Timonthy Raison, on behalf of the

British government. [Excerpt] [Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 26 Mar 83 p 1]

CSO: 3400/1130

138
ZIMBABWE

REACTION TO KANGAI'S STATEMENTS ON CAPITALISM

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 18 Mar 83 p 4

[Editorial]

[Text]

AS outlined in its three-year development plan, the Zim- Moreover, the minister made his statement at a gathering babwe Government is looking to the private sector for where representatives of employees' organisations were

much of the industrial and commercial expansion which the present - so his point went home to the very people who nation needs. Reinvestment of profits and new investment present hes intment detons. counry's may make these investment decisions.

is called for to create employment and widen the country's In business, the results of investment, particularly high- economic base. Some ministers have/ been quite explicit in cost industrial expansion, does not become evident in

their reiognition that the private sector has a continuing balance sheets for many years after the original boardroom

part to play in the economic life of Zimbabwe. We believe it decisions are made. Thus an expectation of continued

has a unique and essential role.

It was, therefore, with profound disappointment that last operation in a favourable economic environment is essenweek we heard a cabinet minister state that capitalism has tial before decisions to forego dividends and negotiate loans are made.

no permanent place in Zimbabwe, It left us with the feeling MKangai ma brs

that the understanding between the private sector and Mr Kangai may, by his unfortunate remarks, have halted

Government, which had- recently taken two steps forward, some plans which other ministerial colleagues have been en- had now taken two steps backward, couraging. The business community must wonder who is

The minister was Mr Kumbirai Kangai, responsible for expressing the true intention of Government.

Labour and Social Services. Speaking at a seminar to dis- Ironically, Mr Kangai has resurrected the "death of capi- talism" concept at a time when the fount of socialism, cuss his new Labour Relations Bill, he said that the capi- Soviet Russia, is questioning the soundness of its overtalist foundations of our economy could not be eliminated centralised economy.

overnight. Since the recent accession to power of Mr Yuri A'ndroThe minister went on to say, "However, Government is pov, one of the more significant programmes he has initialso satisfied that the significance and impact of this capita- ated is an examination of policies of other economic syslist structure could, and should be, gradually reduced and tems within the communist bloc.

eventually eliminated as the economy goes through guided The countries which are being particularly examined are

expansion, and labour relations are progressively refined" Bulgaria and Hungary, both of which have made concesand humanised." sions to the "privatisation" of various eiiterprises, and

To say that capitalism, or the private sector, is to be which have as a result weathered the present world reces-

"eventually eliminated" is hardly the way to encourage the sion more successfully than some of the purer communist

investment called for in the three-year development plan. states, such as Poland and Soviet Russia itself.

CSO: 3400/1128

139
ZIMBABWE

LACK OF JOB OPENINGS FOR GRADUATES REPORTED

Harare THE HERALD in English 24 Mar 83 p 15

[Article by Caroline Allen]

[Text]

GRADUATES sweeping streets, wrapping hamburgers or punching

bus tickets.*

The complex and sensitive situation on graduate unemployment in

Zimbabwe draws angry mutters or accusations on all sides.

What are the future

prospects for Zimbabweans

with foreign or local degrees Many ? have come back "There is an implied ra- "These graduates must

from Europe and the cial element here," said learn to compete on an

United States in response one expatriate. "Expats open market. It is not only

to calls to build- their are associated with white a question of degrees -

country after independ- colonials who escape the we need people with exofte n unemployment in their perience." own countries to foist This seems to be the bs oft here are no themselves on the' un-, nr-', of the problem.

Says Angeline Musho- suspecting Third World. kn inexperienced gradu- "In fact, there are fo- ate in today's labour ngda, who has a history reign workers from the market is about the same "and economics degree: res+ of Africa, Eastern 'use as a school-leaver,

"We have come back from Europe, the Far East and but who demands a much

years of exile full of hope. America here, many of higher salary, complains

I am still only doing odd t)'em on expat termn." ono employment agency.

jobs - my efforts have Says another: "We don't - "We. had one person in

been wasted." take Zimbabwean jobs, with a fantastic overseas attain her education and only those they can't do." degree but no experience,

ain heerminedu to an If he had stayed here he

Is determined to be where 'MIGRANTMS' would have the experience she can use it.

Other graduates with The expats are just a pls some training by no w.

more technical degrees more skilled and expe- He couldn't get a job.

say the jobs are going to rienced type of migrant "There is a recessionexpatriates, worker, he suggests. companies are cutting

"The big' companies A spokesman for a com- back, making their staff

apply for expatriates to do pany which has several take up extra duties

jobs which they say can- expatriates on the staff rather than hiring another

not be done by Zimba- says the allegations by un- person.

bweans, but in fact they employed graduates are "It is also difficult to fire

prefer foreigners to local "ridiculous". people now," she says, "so

people, so they redefine "The policy and bureau- employers are more cau- jobs out of our reach." cratic procedure is enough tious who they take. They However, both expatc to deter anyone who is would rather have some- However, bot espat not extremely enthusiastic one who fits in with the

riates and a spokesman from hiring foreign staff," firm than a high-flown

.company' dispute this he says, "not to mention type who causes probfiercely. the cost. lems."

140
Local graduates, how- "I can't really counsel employed graduates, and

ever, seem to have little freshers gnce they are here companies can contact the

difficulty in finding em- as my colleagues would section if they need people

ployment. suspect I was trying to with speciti•--Ualih'•attons.

Figures from 1981 show promote one liscipline Zimbabwean graduates

only 4 percent did notfind over another, but there from foreign institutions

Jobs within eight months is a section in lhe pros- find they are often reof graduation, compared pectus giving likely em- sented by untrained exwith 8 percent for 1979-815. ployment opportunities for combatants who feel they

The Director of Student graduates from each fac- fought while the others

Affairs, Dr R. Dickinson, ulty." qualified.

says this is about on a Students might also re- The question arises as

par with graduate em- sent the suggestion that to why people go to uniployment in Britain and their chosen degree might versity to get a degree at

other parts of the world. not be best in the long all.

run."Adge iniaea Just over half (53,1 n worry slightly about c "A degree indicates a

percent) of the University the very theoretical de- certain level of intelliof Zimbabwe's graduates grees, and the BAs who gence," says a spokesman

from 1981 went into don't want to teach, but from Kipps Employment

Government employment, they seem to manage to Agency. "But that is about

especially the financial find something to do if all."

and legal sectors (12,3 they are real stickers." I It does not guarantee a

percent compared with Local graduates are also job.

3 percent in 1980). in a sense in competition "Some graduates with

"The output of doctors with compatriots with strings of degrees are,

'(12,9 percent of the total foreign degrees. overqualified for day-tograduate crop) is the They say they. battle day jobs and try to earn

highest recorded since I against the "have been too much too quickly.

began producing this type to" prejudice of local em- "Employers are looking

of survey in 1968," says ployers who think de- for experience and for a

Dr Dickinson. grees from abroad, are certain type of personThe employment rate "worth more" than local if they have worked in the

for UZ graduates may be ones. holidays it makes a big

due to the opportunities "This is not our experi- impression."

they have to make con- ence," says another em.- She commented that a

tact with potential em- ployment agency. lot of graduates come with

players while they are "Our clients always ex- degrees which would be

still undergraduates. press preference for local useful to the Government.

people. They suspect some "But pay is so poor

Dr Dickinson holds a graduates get degrees they are getting the worst

vocational guidance set- from peculiar universities instead of the best of the

dents to which f e invites which are really little more skills on the market."

peopl fom plcemnit than colleges." The positions ,available

people from placement The Ministry of Man- at the moment are in ac- agencies and big employ- power Planning and Devel- counting, engineering, the

ers. opment holds lists of un- medical and legal professions.

CSO: 3400/1128

141
ZIIMBABWE

REORGANIZED ZIANA TO REVAMP PRESS

Harare THE HERALD in English 25 Mar 83 p 1

[Text]

ZIMBABWE inter Africa jieve, that the achievement discussion of important

News Agency (Ziana) of national Integration issues and to provide a

must give a lead to the and transformation Is a two-way contact between

country's newspapers so function of a society's use the public and those in

that they can meet the of the media to enhance authority.

ideological demands of the the values, customs and Cde Munyukl, who has

country, says its new objectives of the people." been Editor of The HerEditor - in - Chief, Cde He hoped that with aid for the past 21 years

"Farayi bei ye in fellow journalists - said the newspaper had

"I believe Ziana should Ziana he wounld be able to been transformed 200 performally be structured create a system tt cent from what it was

both organisationally and placed high priority on when he took over. in substance and in this the transmission of Zi- He intended to make

way the beal Government t civeui will babwean culture, the Ziana ;stsidiscins a news agency

be able to achieve uni- selection and presentation that satisfied its clients.

formity of ideology," Cde of istorical events that We would also like to

Munyuki told The Herald illustrate the revolutionary winimise expenses by

in an interview yesterday rocess of socialism and makinr sure that we do

The chairman of the the political and cultural not duplicate work by

Zimbabwe Mass Media education of the masses. sending a Ziana reporter

Trust, Dr Davidson Sadza, "Certainly our emphasis where a Herald reporter Is

said on Wednesday that should be different from on assignment."

Cde Munyuki had been those of the Western It was the job of an appointed Editor-in-Chie media, although t1- gene- agency to gather informaof Ziana from April 1. ral means of communica" tion anywhere in the world

"The post of Editor-In- tions are similar. in as timely and accurate

Chief at Ziana has been "I also believe that a manner as possible and

vacant since the inception Ziana should be able to to relay it to the mass

of the news agency. Cde contribute to the develop- media using it.

Wilf Mbanga, who has ment of a Zimbabwean

been running the agency society and to promote Cde Munyukl is a forin an acting capacity re- national unity by ensuring mer editor of the Lusakamains as home editor of a balajiced' presentation based Weekender publithe agency." t . e a e c of views from all parts cation. graduate A of BA the Journalism UniverCde Munyuki said there of the country." sity of Maalester In the

was little doubt that the He said that one of the sity o taceste in the

use of the media for na- ways to achieve this a specialist writer On the

tional integration and would be by ensuring the Zambia Daily Mail and

transformation was an prompt delivery of ac- The Times of Zambia.

essential part of contem- curate information to the

porary societies, people. Zlana should also Born in Masvingo Pro-

"But how the media be able to provide oppor- vince 48 years ago, Cde

are to accomplish that tunities for the free, en- Munyukl was Zanu (PF)

goal is debatable. I be- lightened and responsible publicity secretary while

S- in America,

CSO: 3400/1128

142
ZIMBABWE

TOURISM, EMIGRATION DROPPED IN 1982

Harare THE HERALD in English 25 Mar 83 p 3

[Text]

EMIGRATION dropped last year with 17 942 people leaving the country

for good compared to 20 534 in 1981 while immigration remained steady

- 7 715 last year and,

7 794 in 1981.

The same Government Visitors Came to Zimbanwe

statistics published yes- thnito e sm months

terday show a drop in the than in the same months

number of visitors, from of 1981, but from April

383 356 in 1981 to 351 046 tourist arrival figures

last year. dropped below the preSouth Africa remained vious years with Decemthe destination of the ber showing the largest

m ority of emigrants, drop - 54 615 in 1981 and

10901, or more than 60 39 227 last year.

percent, moving there last For most of the year

year. Malawi was the Zambia Was the -major

second most popular des- source of visitors, with

tination, taking 1897 with 121 770 coming from that

Britain third with 1 795. country, about 20 000 less

The largest source of than in 1981. South Africa

Immigrants was the wws the next largest

United Kingdom, 2 148, source, 115 493 during the

followed by Zambia, 1689. year, almost 30000 less

than the previous year.

Of the immigrants The South African figures

6 027 were new arrivals, include Botswana and

1 506 were returning rest- Swaziland.

dents and 182 were tem- Britain sent 25 460 visiporary residents. More tors, up on the 24 505 who

than 1 240 were Zimbabwe came in 1981. In fact,

citizens as well. tourism from America,

The tables of occupa- Europe and Asia showed

tions saw Zimbabwe los- an increase, while that

ing 1 709 professional, from Africa dropped

technical and related sharply.

workers (compared to - Visitors leaving the

1 749 the year before) country last year spent a

while gaining 1 562 (1 233 total of $32,8 million, up

In 1981). on the almost $32.7 milThere was a net loss of lion spent in 1981. The

two engineers but a net biggest spenders were the

gain of 245 teachers. South Africans, the ZamFnor2 the cfirst threebians and the British, in For the first three that order.

months of last year more

CSO: 3400/1128

143
ZIMBABWE

SECOND GROUP OF MAURITIAN TEACHERS TO ARRIVE

Harare THE HERALD in English 23 Mar 83 p 1

[Article by Julia Cheshire]

[Text] THE second group of Mauritian teachers should arrive at the end of next

week, the Mauritian Minister of Education, Cde Ramdudh Jaddoo, said

in Harare yesterday.

SThe minister, who returns to Mauritius today, has been on a 10-day fact.

finding mission "to'see for myself the situation and the conditions of

the Mauritian teachers

here".

WRONG SALARY

This was due to the There were some ad-

"scare-mongering r u m - ministrative problems,

ours" being spread by a such as teachers being LIAISON

Mauritian teacher who paid on the wrong salary "I have discussed this

returned home shortly scale, residence permits with the minister and he

after his arrival in Zi- not being issued and may well be agreeable to

mbabwe. transport expenses in Zi- the provision of a liaison

After consultations with mbabwe not being re- officer."

the Ministry of Education imbursed.

and Culture, the charter "But I have a working ode Jaddoo was pleased flight due to bring the session with the Minister to see during his recent

teachers to Zimbabwe at of Education and Culture tour that so many of his

the beginning of this tomorrow to iron all teachers were already month was postponed. these Asked problems out." involved in extra-curricu- about teachers' lar activities such as

Cde Jaddoo told The complaints against min- drama groups, and were

Herald: "I have seen more istry officials, Cde Jaddoo also learning the local

than 120 of the teachers said that it was difficult languages.

and have only come across for the civil service to He was also impressed

eight problems of any deal with so many indi- "by the courage shown by

substance. vidual problems, and that Minister Mutumbuka" in

"These were mainly "perhaps some matters organising the "education

problems of amenities -- had -not been dealt with explosion" in Zimbabwe. problack of samnittion e- hHe saw the recruitment lack of sanitation, elec- speedily", of Mauritian teachers by tricity or water. Minister He felt that the solu- Zimbabwe as a good ex- ttiutumbuka has agreed tion lay in having a co- ample of "South-to-South those teachers and I think ordinator to deal with all co-operation" and said the he teache and them." the problems that inevi- continued expansion of he will be moving tably arose when a large education here ensured a Cde Jaddoo showed a group of people arrived to long term working rewad 

ers reassuring of letters from teacia- work in a strange country. lationship between. the two their fam- "if we could have af- countries. ilies that despite minor or "fw ol aea-cutis

individual problems they forded it we might have Earlier in the day Cde were enjoying themselves arranged for the appoint- Jaddoo, accompanied by

in Zimbabwe. ment of a Mauritian cadre the Deputy Minister of in here to be solely responsi- Education and Culture,

ble for taking each and Senator Joseph Culverevery case and directing it well, visited Longman Zithrough the proper chan- mbabwe publishers.

CSO: 3400/1128 nel,

144
ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

YOUTH BRIGADES--The Ministry of Youth, Sport and Recreation has registered

354 000 youths in the youth brigade system for national service, the deputy

minister, Cde George Rutanhire, said yesterday. He was speaking on behalf

of the minister, Cde Ernest Kadungure, at BP Shell, Willowvale, where he

was given 20 000 empty drums to be used by youth brigades. "Youth's ready

response to the call for national duty in large numbers and to take up the

challenge to defy hunger, starvation and do self-reliance projects is a

heroic sacrifice, a true reflection and a true measure of the quality and

calibre of youth we have in Zimbabwe," Cde Rutanhire said. The drums would

be used for scaffolding, carrying water for moulding bricks and for watering

vegetable gardens. They would be evenly distributed in all the eight

provinces. The president of the Zimbabwe National Farmers' Union, Cde

Gary Magadzire, was given 20 000 drums and the president of the Commercial

Farmers' Union, Mr Jim Sinclair, 40 000. The Trade Relations Manager for BP

Shell, Cde Kenneth Chinaire, said: "As a result of the increasingly serious

drought situation, we hope that the drums can be used as feeding troughs

and will assist farmers in their feeding plans for livestock." [Text]

[Harare THE HERALD in English 24 Mar 83 p 15]

PEOPLE LEAVING ZAPU--In the midlands province, hundreds of people have left

minority parties to join ZANU-PF. The ZANU-PF publicity secretary for the

province, Comrade (Karisayi Ziyaku), says all 18 Gokwe District councillors

elected during the first district council elections resigned from ZAPU to

join ZANU-PF. Comrade (Ziyaku) said up to 5,000 people joined ZANU-PF in a

week. IText] IBM081757 Harare Domestic Service in English 1600 GMT 8 Apr 83]

CSO: 3400/1144 END

145