CEMP-EA

Engineer Pamphlet

690-1-807

Department of the Army

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Washington, DC 20314-1000

EP 690-1-807

19 August 1994

Civilian Personnel

TRAINING AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT

PLANS FOR LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS

Distribution Restriction Statement

Approved for public release; distribution is 

unlimited.
EP 690-1-807

19 August 1994

US Army Corps

of Engineers

Training and

Career Development Plans

for Landscape Architects

Guidance and Procedures
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY EP 690-1-807

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

CEMP-EA Washington, DC 20314-1000

Pamphlet 19 August 1994

No. 690-1-807

Civilian Personnel

TRAINING AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT PLANS FOR

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS

1. Purpose. This pamphlet provides, guidance, Program Manager (CPM) must prepare specific

and procedures concerning the development of training plans for each intern based upon the

training and career development plans for education and experience of the intern. These

personnel in the occupational series of GS-0807- plans should ensure that interns will receive the

Landscape Architecture (landscape architects) appropriate rotational on-the-lob experience.

within the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers formal training, and individual self-paced study to

(USACE). develop their knowledge, skills and abilities in

2. Applicability. This pamphlet applies to all specialty. Appendix B provides examples of

HQUSACE/OCE elements, major subordinate training that is appropriate for the GS-5/7/9 intern

commands (MSC), districts, laboratories, and field level landscape architect.

operating activities (FOA).

3. References. References and additional and development at the intermediate level

information resources are listed at Appendix A. (GS-11/12) (specialist and intermediate levels per

4. Background. Landscape architectural technical proficiency through extensive on-the-job

positions are included in the Engineers and experience. Post intern training at the intermediate

Scientists (Resources and Construction) (ESRC) level also includes appropriate training and

career program and in the Army Civilian Training, developmental assignments in selected technical

Education and Development System (ACTEDS) and functional areas. During an individual’s

for Engineers and Scientists. AR 690-950 governs intermediate level training and development,

the development for all individuals in the ESRC his/her supervisor is required to develop an

career program. ACTEDS defines the blend of Individual Development Plan (IDP) with the

technical, supervisory, managerial, and leadership individual. The IDP should systematically

training at the appropriate intern (GS 5-9), continue the individual's professional career

intermediate (GS 11-12), and management (GS development to assure that he/she receives the

13-15) levels. Since AR 690-950 and ACTEDS are training and development necessary to fill key

general in nature this pamphlet is intended to positions within USACE, and to assure that

provide specific guidance for the career USACE receives maximum productivity with

development of landscape architects. limited human resources. Career choices made at

a. Interns. Chapter 11 of AR 690-950 defines progression to management positions. Self

a Master Intern Training Plan (MITP) for all development such as pursuing professional

individuals in the ESRC career program. The registration, off duty education, professional

MITP requires interns (GS-5/7/9) to complete society activity, and outside reading are also

rotational assignments of approximately three important and are the careerist’s responsibility.

months each in the functional areas of planning, Training for GS-11/12 intermediate level

engineering, construction, programs, project landscape architects should stress a continuation

management. and operations. In addition, a facility of training based on the courses listed in Appendix

engineering orientation of at least four weeks is C. This could include courses not taken during the

required. Interns in research and development careerist's intern training. When landscape

activities are required to complete rotational architects enter the Corps qualified at the GS-1 1

assignments within their research specialties. level, exposures, insights, and understanding of

The servicing Human Resources Office/Civilian the internal workings of the Corps gathered

Personnel Office (HRO/CPO) and the Career through a structured intern program are missed.

order for them to perform competently in their

b. Intermediate Training. Post intern training

AR 690-950, GS-9/11) stress the development of

the intermediate level are significant to
EP 690-1-807

19 Aug 94

2

Supervisors should develop on-the-job plans in landscape architectural services for USACE

aimed at filling the institutional knowledge gap of and our customers. Comprehensive plans are

these direct hire employees. necessary to recruit, develop and retain quality

c. Supervisory Development. Supervisory include:

level training (normally GS-13/14/15) will be

scheduled for any person that is newly assigned a. Define the areas of landscape architectural

to a supervisory position. Training includes a practice in which career program individuals in the

supervisory development course and other GS-0807-Landscape Architecture series should

training designed to improve skills in working with acquire basic knowledge and skills.

people on the day-to-day work situation. AR 690-

400 has policy guidance for the training and b. Provide greater access to developmental

development of supervisors. ACTEDS provides a assignments and supplementary education

structure and roadmap to key on-the-job opportunities designed to enrich the landscape

experiences and training for potential supervisory architect's training and professional development

level careerist's. within USACE, and to obtain broader career skills

d. Management Development. Management progression either in the technical or the

training focuses on the development of higher management career ladders.

level functional and managerial skills. Major areas

of emphasis include courses in general, c. Encourage additional training in the broad

functional, personnel management, and aspects of landscape architectural practice within

communication skills. Technical training is used to the USACE organization, and provide

update professional knowledge necessary to keep opportunities to strengthen field knowledge,

each manager abreast of new concepts and experience and operations management

advancements in his or her field. AR 690-400, capabilities.

chapter 413 (see Appendix A) has policy guidance

governing the identification of management d. Provide the highest quality information and

positions. advice concerning opportunities to strengthen the

e. Executive Development. ESRC career professional, supervisory, managerial and

program individuals at the executive level are in leadership skills.

the Senior Executive Service or are eligible for the

Senior Executive Service. Training at the 6. Organization and Responsibilities. The

executive level will be almost exclusively organization and responsibilities for developing

management oriented and not necessarily related specific intern training plans and IDP for

to specific ESRC functions. Development will be landscape architects build upon the existing line

consistent with AR 690-900, chapter 920. management, career program management, and

5. Objectives. The overall objectives of this

pamphlet are to provide guidance for a. Human Resources Offices/Civilian

management and career program individuals in Personnel Offices (HRO/CPO). Servicing

the GS-0807- Landscape Architecture HRO/CPO are responsible for the effective

occupational series to develop specific intern administration of the training and career

training plans and IDP to professionally develop development program for intern and intermediate

landscape architectural personnel to fill key level landscape architects as part of the ESRC

positions within USACE. All training and career program. Specific responsibilities are listed

development plans should be comprehensive in in AR 690-950.

design to allow individuals to effectively compete

for their desired career goals, and to contribute to b. Activity Career Program Managers

the professional development of competent (CPM). Activity CPM are responsible for giving

landscape architects who can provide excellence functional advice and assistance to the activity

personnel within USACE. Specific objectives

and knowledge which will help prepare them for

USACE landscape architect's technical,

personnel office organizations.
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3

commander, the careerist and the servicing (3) Providing guidance to enhance the

HRO/CPO. Activity commanders may also individual’s understanding of the USACE

appoint a landscape architect within the activity to organization and procedures.

assist the activity CPM. Specific responsibilities

are listed in AR 690-950. e. Career Program Individuals. Persons in

c. Supervisor. In addition to other series of GS-0807-Landscape Architecture are

responsibilities in AR 690-950, the supervisor, encouraged to participate in the training and

with the help of the CPO and the activity CPM, will development plan for landscape architects. The

be the initial source of information for career career program individual is the prime beneficiary

programs and patterns, assignment opportunities of the plan. To gain the greatest benefit from

and intern placement. Supervisors will discuss participation, the individual should pursue it as a

with individuals training and development cooperative arrangement with USACE.

opportunities, realistic career expectations. and Individuals must also understand that specific

consult with individuals to review training needs areas of training may not always be available at a

and encourage landscape architects to seek specific time or even at the current location where

professional registration. the individual is employed. Specific

d. Mentor. Although the supervisor is a 690-950, include scheduling and meeting with

principal mentor and guide, the reviewer and the his/her mentor periodically. and utilizing

activity career program manager are mentor supplementary education resources.

resources to which the supervisor can refer an

employee for advice outside his or her own area 7. Supplementary and Continuing Education.

of expertise. In addition, each activity should Supplementary education serves two primary

appoint an independent mentor who is a senior functions, i.e., to expand upon knowledge, skills

landscape architect, architect or engineer who and abilities acquired through training, and to

should make periodic reviews of the individual's keep abreast of new information affecting the

training program and have discussions concerning practice of landscape architecture. Formal

the individual's career objectives. Specific training is not designed to substitute for training

responsibilities include: listed at Appendix B, but rather to supplement

(1) Meeting with the individual to review sources are listed at Appendix C. The courses

progress and his or hers training and professional listed are not all required.

development At least two meetings a year are

recommended, one several months prior to and

following annual performance appraisals.

(2) Suggesting additional training and

supplementary education activities, professional

registration, community involvement and contact

with other professionals.

the ESRC career program within the occupational

responsibilities, in addition to those listed in AR

day-to-day experience. Supplementary education

FOR THE COMMANDER:

3 Appendices

APP A - References and

 Additional Resources

APP B - Training Guidance

APP C - Supplementary Education
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A-1

APPENDIX A

REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

1. Department of the Army. e. CEHND Pamphlet 350-1-1, The Purple

a. AR 414-15, Military Construction. Army Handbook.

(MCA) Program Development.

b. AR 415-17, Cost Estimating for Military Employee Performance and Utilization Training.

Programming.

c. AR 690-400, Chapter 410, Training. 3. The American Society of Landscape

d. AR 690-400, Chapter 413, Identification of Landscape Architects, 4401 Connecticut

Management Positions. Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20008, is an

e. AR 690-900, Chapter 920, Executive landscape architect procedures.

Development

f. AR 690-950, Career Management. Registration Boards (CLARB). “Application and

g. TM5-800-4, Programming Cost Estimates available free of charge from the Council of

for Military Construction. Landscape Architectural Registration Boards,

h. DA Pamphlet 690-43, A Supervisor's 22033.

Guide to Career Development and Counseling for

Career Program Employees.

i. Army Civilian Training, Education and

Development System (ACTEDS) for Engineers

and Scientists (Resources and Construction) as

issued by Army-wide memorandum dated 3

December 1990. Additional copies are available

from the local personnel servicing office.

2. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

a. ER 350-1414, Proponent Sponsored

Engineer Corps Training (PROSPECT) Program.

b. ER 350-1-416, Headquarters, U.S. Army

Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE) Centrally and

Locally Sponsored Long-Term Training (LTT)

Program.

c. ER 690-1-958, Army Civilian Career

Development Program for Engineers and Scientist

(Resources and Construction).

Book, Managers and Supervisors Training

f. USACE Suppl to AR 690-400, 410, 430,

Architects (ASIA). The American Society of

additional resource for information on intern4. The Council of Landscape Architectural

Instructions for a CLARB Council Record” is

Suite 110, 12700 Fair Lakes Circle, Fairfax, VA
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APPENDIX B

TRAINING GUIDANCE

1. Background. Category A - Civil Works Planning

a. One of the key USACE professional

development policies is that participation in

professional societies, registration, and other

evidence of continued self development are marks

of excellence and indicators that an individual has

made a personal effort to keep abreast of

advances and changes in his/her profession.

Continual support and leadership are required to

encourage USACE personnel to seek continuing

professional development where it is available.

b. The practice of landscape architecture is

of significant social and environmental value in the

planning and design of outdoor spaces in all

contexts of human endeavor. Competence in

practice is achieved by technical professional

education, training and working experience, and

carries with it the responsibility to act on behalf of

the public health, safety and welfare in each

project assignment.

c. The application of special skills,

knowledge and judgement by landscape architects

protects the public health, safety and welfare

through a range of professional activities which

are not only traditionally performed by landscape

architects but which are also gained through

specific landscape architectural training.

Internship is basic to independent and well

founded professional decisions. It should be

encouraged within the framework of professional

education toward enhancing entry level objectives.

2. Training Guidance. To satisfy the Internlandscape architect development program training

guidance, career program individuals should

complete specific periods of training in the three

major functional areas as provided by AR 690-

950, i.e., planning. engineering, construction,

programs, project management, and operations.

In addition, plans should include a facilities

engineering orientation of at least four weeks

duration. Opportunities for further development

should also be afforded to higher level landscape

architects who have not gone through the intern

program.

The following training areas are recommended:

a. Plan Formulation. Landscape architects

may be responsible for plan formulation for civil

works projects and serve as project/study

managers for such studies. As such, they serve

as the manager or lead person on an

interdisciplinary planning team comprised of

various disciplines including but not limited to

various engineering disciplines such as hydraulic

and hydrology engineers, and foundation

engineers. Also included are economists, real

estate specialists, environmental specialists,

recreation planners, cultural resource

specialists/archaeologists, etc. The study team is

responsible for producing reconnaissance and

feasibility studies as authorized by Congress and

subsequently as the basis for entering into local

cooperation agreements to implement the plans.

Possible career program individual activities

include but are not limited to:

(1) Participating with a study team in the

formulation of a plan of study or Initial Project

Management Plan (IPMP) to identify needs and a

means for obtaining study/project costs,

schedules, tasks and responsibilities.

(2) Participating in coordination with inhouse, interagency, the public and congressional

sources to ensure that interested parties input the

process.

(3) Assisting in developing and evaluating

alternative plans to ensure that the National

Economic Development Plan (NEDP) is identified

and that the most desirable plan from an

economic, environmental and engineering point of

view is recommended with justification for

deviation from the NEDP.

(4) Serving as the focal point in coordination

with potential non-Federal local sponsors, other

agencies, and the public and acts as liaison with

them.

(5) Helping negotiate the local cost sharing

agreement with a non-Federal local sponsor prior
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to the initiation of the feasibility phase. (2) Assisting in evaluating existing master

plans to assess the extent to which the document

(6) Assisting in coordinating study input from

various technical elements and preparing the

study report assuring that study objectives are met

and that the recommended plan complies with

ever-changing administrative policies and agency

regulations and meets the objectives of the local (3) Participating in coordination with insponsor. house, interagency, public, and congressional

sources to ensure that interested parties

(7) Helping develop the required budgetary

documentation to ensure continuous seamless

funding of study and recommended projects and (4) Checking master plan scopes of work to

assures that the local sponsor has the financial see that the master planning process will be

capability to participate. implemented in a cost effective manner in its

preparation and maintenance.

(8) Participating in the review and approval

meetings with cost sharing or other partner (5) Monitoring and reporting study fund

representatives, Division, MACOM, and ASA obligations and expenditures for all projects

representatives. assigned to foster timely and on-budget team

products and the attainment of office budgeting

(9) Assisting in the coordination of and

participates in public meetings and workshops on

assigned projects.

(10) Assisting the team leader in preparation

of frequent upward reporting and in exercising

routine administrative and task controls.

(11) Monitoring and reporting study fund

obligations and expenditures for all projects

assigned to foster timely and on-budget team

products and the attainment of office budgeting

targets.

b. Master Planning. The master plan is the

basic document guiding Corps of Engineers

responsibilities pursuant to Federal laws to

preserve, conserve, restore, maintain, manage

and develop the project lands, waters, and

associated resources. The master plan may cover

a single project or several, depending on what is

the best management of the resources involved.

The master plan covers all resources including,

but not limited to fish and wildlife, vegetation,

cultural, aesthetic, recreational, mineral,

commercial, and outgranted lands, easements,

and water. Possible career program individual

activities include, but are not limited to:

(1) Participating with a master plan study

team in the formulation of a plan of study to

identify information needs and means for

obtaining study costs, schedules, tasks, and

responsibilities.

serves its intended purpose, and to determine if it

is responsive to current and foreseeable regional

needs, public interests and desires, and is actually

being used and followed.

participate in the process.

targets.

c. Environmental Quality Protection

Planning. Environmental quality considerations

have been integrated into Army planning and

decision making. The landscape architect may be

asked to conduct or participate in environmental

studies which identify, delineate, evaluate and

assess environmental resources which will be

considered along with economic and engineering

factors. The overall intent of this planning is to

prevent damage or impact on the nation’s

biological, cultural (i.e., archeological and

historic), and aesthetic resources. The landscape

architect may be involved in studies to develop

preservation, conservation, protection,

rehabilitation, restoration, or enhancement plans

for individual resources. Possible career program

individual activities include, but are not limited to:

(1) Conducting or participating in studies,

such as preparation of NEPA documents, to

identify resources and identify and evaluate the

nature of the potential impacts of development or

action plans.

(2) Participating in discussions leading to

recommendations for alternate approaches to fulfil

mission requirements.

(3) Developing or Assisting in the formulation

of environmental plans for the preservation,
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protection, conservation, rehabilitation, restoration b. Technical Engineering Activities. The

or enhancement of identified resources. landscape architect participates in providing

technical engineering criteria, guidance and

(4) Assisting in documenting pertinent

information to be included in master plans for

long-term records.

Category B - Engineering

The following training areas are recommended.

a. Army Real Property Master Planning.

Landscape architects may be responsible for the

master planning function on military installations.

Real Property Master planning is a process that

identifies long-term priorities and goals of the

installation and translates those priorities and

goals into land use, facilities, and related

infrastructure objectives and policies, as well as

natural resource protection and efficient use of all

resources. The plan is the primary mechanism to

relate the installation mission to plans for facilities,

programs, projects and policies required within

installation boundaries to support the military

community. The plan is also a product that

portrays those long-term priorities, goals

objectives and policies. Documentation may

include ,but is not limited to reports, maps, plans,

and environmental impact studies, or

assessments. Possible career program individual

activities include, but are not limited to:

(1) Participating in conferences with

MACOM, installation, users to determine what

types of planning services are required by the

installation. Assisting in preparing minutes and or

reports, if needed.

(2) Assisting in the preparation of a scope of

work and cost estimates for A/E services to reflect

the stated needs of the installation.

(3) Assisting in selection board procedures

and in contract negotiation meetings with the

selected A/E master planning contractor.

(4) Attending installation planning board

meetings, Assisting in presentation of planning

components. and preparing minutes and reports

as needed.

(5) Assisting in the preparation of Real

Property Master Plans as a member of an “inhouse team".

instructions. Approves principal engineering

features of Military and Civil Works projects and

programs as required. Responsibilities include

development of design criteria for site design on

military installations including child development

centers and security engineering, and for modes

of access and circulation to and about outdoor

recreation areas and facilities such as park

access and circulation roads, parking areas, boat

ramps, walks, steps, and trails in Civil Works

projects. Responsibilities also include local flood

protection programs from treatment of channel

walls to aesthetics of bridge abutments and walls.

Possible career program individual activities

include, but are not limited to:

(1) Participating in the review, analysis and

revision of technical engineering criteria, guidance

and instructions. Prepare recommendations to

modify these criteria.

(2) Participating in design teams in the

design of outdoor recreational facilities such as

roads, parking areas, boat launching ramps,

beach developments, flood protection projects

and similar facilities. Field stake and check before

completion of plans and specifications.

(3) Accompanying the design team in field

visits during construction.

(4) Preparing papers/reports evaluating

findings during field visits.

(5) Participating in wildlife habitat

revegetation and restoration design efforts for

environmental mitigation commitments associated

with Civil Works projects.

(6) Providing landscape architectural support

for buildings, recreational facilities, and family

housing associated with Military projects.

c. Programming. Programming is the

process of setting forth the user’s requirements

for a given project in writing. Steps in this process

include establishing goals; considering a budget;

collecting, organizing and analyzing data;

isolating and developing concepts; and

determining needs in general. The project will also
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be affected by funding limitations; scheduling conditions which may affect the site planning,

limitations; Department of Defense (DoD), DA, orientation and access to the proposed project.

and USACE health, welfare and safety criteria:

and input from the Major Army Commands (2) Helping identify the functions of adjacent

(MACOM). the people who will work in the built facilities to determine compatibility with the

environments (the users), and cost-sharing or proposed project.

other partners (local sponsors) on Civil Works

projects. All of this input at the programming stage (3) Researching site restrictions such as

is essential in order to maintain an orderly design zoning, easements, utilities, etc.

process. Possible career program individual

activities include, but are not limited to: e. Schematic Design. From the user’s

approved program, the landscape architect

(1) Participating in conferences with

MACOM, installation, user, and cost-sharing or

other partner representatives regarding

programming, periodic reviews and formal

presentations, and assisting in preparing minutes

or reports for future reference.

(2) Assisting in presentations at zoning and

variance hearings. and at meetings with the

MACOM and installation, or cost-sharing and

other partners concerning specific projects.

(3) Assisting in the preparation of the

summary and evaluation of data and requirements

obtained from all sources. The summary is the

basis for the final written program.

(4) Assisting installation planners in

developing DD Form 1391 for military construction

projects.

d. Site Analysis. An important segment of

the landscape architects work includes analyzing

the physical condition of a site. This analysis

includes an inventory of existing on-site and offsite characteristics to determine the opportunities

and constraints of the site. The inventory should

include, but not be limited to the geology and

soils, historic or archaeological features,

landforms and floodplains, storm drainage,

topography and slope analysis, vegetation and

wildlife. Off-site analysis should include,

identification of adjacent land uses and facilities,

vehicular circulation, physical security, safety

clearances, availability and location of utility trunk (5) Participating in design review and

lines, and visual quality. Findings of the analysis approval meetings with MACOM, installation,

should be recorded on a topographic survey. user, and cost-sharing or other partner

Possible career program individual activities representatives.

include, but are not limited to:

(1) Participating in a visual survey of the grading, relief visualization, contour interpretation,

proposed site to record the off-site and on-site landform units, surface drainage, slope

develops alternative solutions in the form of

sketch designs to satisfy technical and aesthetic

requirements. Preferred schemes are presented

until the user and landscape architect can agree,

and all other DoD, DA, and USACE criteria are

met. Possible career program individual activities

include, but are not limited to:

(1) Participating inthe development and

preparation of preliminary design concepts to

determine the spatial relationships that best

satisfy the user’s program (functional and

operational requirements) including project area

functional organization, orientation and siting of

buildings, circulation and parking systems, spatial

definitions, and detail design considerations.

(2) Participating in the development and

coordination of program requirements with

consultants (other disciplines).

(3) Assisting in the preparation of

presentation drawings and models including

sketching, perspective and rendering techniques

for typical professional presentations including

prints, reproductions. photography and

multimedia audiovisual communications.

(4) Assisting in the analysis and selection of

engineering systems including horizontal and

vertical road alignments, storm and sanitary

sewers, site utilities and computer applications for

preparation of site construction drawings.

(6) Participating in the development of site
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calculations, and earthwork quantity g. Cost Analysis. An important responsibility

determinations. of the landscape architect is to evaluate the

probable project construction costs. Accurate

(7) Assisting in the development of

recreation site design including ecological and

cultural consideration, resource characteristics,

activity requirements, recreation systems and site

design standards, with applications of the design

process to recreation site developments, park and

special use areas.

(8) Selecting and arranging plant materials

for specific uses, including climate control

modification, spatial definition, circulation control,

soil and water conservation, etc., through planting

plans and specifications.

(9) Participating in the application of site

planning principles and landscape design

methods to housing site design with emphasis on

housing requirements and opportunities.

f. Environmental Restoration. DoD has

implemented a service wide program to address

past occurrences of hazardous waste

contamination through the Defense Environmental

Restoration Program (DERP). The intent of the

program is to “identify and evaluate suspected

problems associated with past hazardous waste

disposal on DoD facilities, control the mitigation of

hazardous contamination from such materials and

control hazards to health or welfare that resulted

from past operations.” A wide spectrum of topics

are addressed including hazardous materials,

liability, emergency response, cleanup,

management programs and restoration planning.

The landscape architect may be involved in

remedial design necessary to restore an area to a

safe and usable condition. Possible career

program individual activities include but are not

limited to:

(1) Participating in the clean-up analysis and

evaluation of a site to determine the best design

approach for its restoration such as outdoor

recreation to benefit the local community.

(2) Assisting in the design of restoration

recommendations for the site including vegetation,

natural contouring and drainage schemes that

enhance or create a natural setting.

(3) Participating in field monitoring of a

contract for site restoration.

estimates are crucial to all parties involved with

the project. Estimates influence decisions

involving basic design, selection of products and

systems, and construction scheduling. Long-term

maintenance, as well as the impact of material

and systems selection (value engineering), are

additional factors which bear on project

development. Preliminary cost analysis for a

project is normally computed based on historical

costs, e.g., the initial DD Form 1391 for military

projects, available on the 1391 Processor, or the

Legislative Maximum Project Cost Limitation

(LMPCL) or Administrative Maximum Project Cost

Limitation (AMPCL) for Civil Works projects. Cost

estimates provided later during the design

process, e.g., the DA Form 3086, available on the

1391 Processor, for military projects or the Project

Cost Increase Fact Sheet for Civil Works projects,

are determined on the basis of labor and material

requirements (quantity surveys) which require a

more specialized knowledge of construction costs.

Possible career program individual activities

include, but are not limited to:

(1) Calculating the costs of a project in

accordance with AR 415-17 for the initial DD Form

1391 for a military project or, calculate a LMPCL

or AMPCL for a Civil Works project.

(2) Making a simplified quantity take-off of

selected materials and prepare comparative cost

analyses.

(3) Assisting in the preparation of cost

estimates at each stage of a project, i.e., initial DD

Form 1391, LMPCL or AMPCL, DA Form 3086,

Project Cost Increase Fact Sheet, and final

Government estimate.

(4) Reviewing various references and texts

utilized in cost estimating, e.g., AR 415-17, TM 5-

800-4, and commercial sources (Means and

Dodge construction cost data).

(5) Assisting in the preparation of cost

analyses for current projects using a variety of

indices, e.g., cost per square foot, other unit

measurements, etc. Participate in a value

engineering study for an ongoing project.

(6) Conducting a survey of current costs of

various types of projects.
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h. Design Guidelines - Reports/Studies schematic design documents. .

The Installation Design Guide (IDG), a document

in the long-range component of the master plan, (2) Assisting in developing various schedules

consists of several products. Key among these is and outline specifications for plant material, paved

the IDG narrative. Design guidelines are surfaces, lighting fixtures, construction time, and

developed that are responsive to and enhance the construction costs.

visual character of an installation. The purpose is

to provide site design guidelines and standards

that define color, materials, style and other

aspects of design for visual elements of the

installation that have been identified, surveyed

and analyzed. These guidelines have a direct

bearing on the facility design process, should

promote design unity and harmony, and reinforce

the visual character of the installation. Thorough

knowledge of the guidelines is essential to the

satisfactory completion of any project. Possible

career program individual activities include, but

are not limited to:

(1) Assisting in researching and documenting

the criteria contained in a selected installation

design guide relevant to one or more specific

projects.

(2) Studying procedures necessary to obtain

relief or waivers from particular IDG requirements

as they relate to a project.

(3) Calculating certain variables (e.g., number requires thorough quality control including

and size of parking spaces, sidewalk dimensions, constant review and crosschecking of all

and setbacks) that satisfy various IDG documents. In addition, effective coordination of

requirements. the drawings from other disciplines is essential to

avoid conflicts between the various trades during

(4) Determining a project’s allowable land

coverage as well as maximum areas in

compliance with the IDG or other related criteria.

(1) Working in the preparation of detail site

i. Design Development. Based on the userapproved schematic design, the landscape

architect revises and details, for the user’s further

approval, the character of the entire site

plan/design, including the selection of plant

material, irrigation and other site development

systems (i.e., full concept design level). Possible (2) Assisting in the coordination of all

career program individual activities include, but landscape architectural documents and

are not limited to: documents produced by the other disciplines.

(1) Participating in the preparation of concept

level site development drawings, irrigation

systems, planting plans and structures such as

steps and ramps, fountains and pools, trellis and

decks, retaining walls, benches, planters,

drainage structures, lighting, and paving from

(3) Helping coordinate site engineering

systems proposed for the project.

(4) Participating in design review and

approval meetings with MACOM, installation,

user, and cost-sharing or other partner

representatives.

j. Contract Documents. The working

drawing phase of contract documents preparation

constitutes a major activity. These drawings

describe, in graphic form, all of the essentials of

the work to be done, i.e., the location, size,

arrangement, and details of the project. As the

successful and timely execution of these

documents directly relates to the cost and quality

of the project, landscape architects must

constantly search for more efficient ways to

produce construction documents. Regardless of

the method of preparation, it is extremely

important that the documents be accurate,

consistent, complete, and understandable. This

construction. Possible career program individual

activities include, but are not limited to:

development drawings and planting plans,

developing technical skills in drafting accuracy,

completeness, and clarity. Both manual and

computer-aided drafting and design (CADD)

experience are recommended.

(3) Developing a knowledge of professional

responsibilities and liabilities arising out of the

issuance of construction documents.

(4) Participating in the mechanics of

reproducing and assembling the finished

construction documents.
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(5) Assisting the project team leader (or standards such as planting practices, poured-inequivalent) in routine administrative/control tasks. place concrete, masonry and wood construction.

k. Specifications and Materials Research. (4) Use USACE Guide Specifications

Well-founded knowledge of specification writing (CEGS) in a project specification, including

principles and procedures is essential to the procedures needed to adapt individual sections for

preparation of sound, enforceable specifications. the specifics of the project.

Unless these skills are properly developed, expert

knowledge of materials, contracts, and I. Document Checking and Coordination.

construction procedures can not be Close coordination between drawings and

communicated successfully. A cardinal principle of specifications is required when preparing

specification writing requires the landscape construction documents. The work of each

architect to understand the relationship between discipline must be reviewed regularly and checked

drawings and specifications, and to be able to against the landscape architectural drawings as

communicate in a logical, orderly sequence, the well as the drawings of the other disciplines to

requirements of the construction process. Many eliminate conflicts. Before final release of

factors must be considered in the selection and documents for construction purposes, the

evaluation of materials or products to be used in drawings must be checked and cross-checked for

a project, e.g., appropriateness, durability, accuracy and constructability. Possible career

aesthetic quality, initial cost, and maintenance. To program individual activities include, but are not

avoid future problems, it is extremely important limited to:

that the landscape architect recognize the function

of each item to be specified. The landscape (1) Assisting in cross-checking products,

architect must carefully assess new materials as plant materials, and methods called for in the

well as new or unusual applications of familiar specifications for consistency with corresponding

items, regardless of manufacturer or growers terminology and descriptions on the working

representations, to be certain no hidden drawings.

deficiencies exist that might create problems for

the MACOM, installation, user, or cost-sharing

partner. Possible career program individual

activities include, but are not limited to:

(1) Reviewing construction specifications

organization, purpose. and format, and assist in

writing specifications. Reviewing and analyzing

bidding forms, insurance and bonding

requirements, liens, supplementary and special

conditions.

(2) Researching and evaluating data for

products and plant material to be specified,

including information regarding availability, cost,

and manufacturer’s or grower’s reliability.

Attending or participating in sales presentations in

connection with this research.

(3) Researching industry standards and

guidelines for specific classes of products (e.g.,

paving blocks or plant materials) as they affect

various manufacturers’ items or nurserymen

growing stock being considered for acceptability

on a project. Researching construction techniques

and systems, and understanding workmanship

(2) Checking drawings prepared by others

for accuracy of dimensions, notes, abbreviations,

and indications.

(3) Assisting in developing a schedule of

lead time required for proper coordination with

other disciplines.

(4) Checking drawings by other disciplines

with landscape architectural drawings and the

drawings between other disciplines for possible

conflicts, including interference of utility lines,

electrical fixtures, etc.

(5) Assisting in the final project review for

compliance with applicable codes, regulations,

etc.

Category C - Construction

The following training areas are recommended:

a. Bidding and Contract Negotiation. The

landscape architect assists in establishing and

administrating bidding procedures, issuing

addenda, evaluating proposed substitutions,

reviewing the qualifications of bidders, analyzing
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bids or negotiated proposals. and making direct bearing on the smooth functioning of the

recommendations for the selection of the work in the field. For example, prompt processing

landscape contractor. The construction contract of the contractors' application for payment,

and related documents are the formal instruments including the review of any substantiating data

which bind the major parties together in the that may be required by the contract documents,

construction phase. They detail the desired helps the contractor maintain an even flow of

product and the services to be provided during funds. Items such as shop drawings, samples,

construction, as well as the consideration to be and test reports submitted for the landscape

paid for the product and the services. Possible architect's review must be acted upon promptly to

career program individual activities include, but expedite the construction process. Changes in

are not limited to: the work which may affect the time of construction

(1) Carefully reviewing the bidding/award orders. Interpretations necessary for the proper

stages of previous projects. Developing an execution of work must be promptly given in

understanding of problems encountered and how writing even when no change order is required.

they were solved. Possible career program individual activities

(2) Preparing sample bids using quantity

take- offs from the project cost analysis. (1) Assisting in processing applications for

(3) Assisting in the pre-qualification of

bidders. (2) Assisting in checking shop drawings and

evaluating samples submitted by construction

(4) Assisting in the receipt, analysis, and

evaluation of bids, including any alternatives or

additives.

(3) Assisting in evaluating requests for

(5) Learning what information and

submittals are required prior to issuance of a

notice to proceed.

(6) Assisting in evaluating equal product

considerations in preparing addenda.

(7) Meeting with contractors and material

suppliers to better understand problems they

encounter with bid packages and construction

contract documents. Understand the role of

funding limitations during the bidding process.

(6) Researching the legal responsibilities of

(8) Assisting in the preparation and

negotiation of construction contracts, and become

familiar with the conditions of the contract for

construction in order to identify the roles of the

landscape architect, contractor, user, bonding

company and insurer, and the contracting officer (7) Participating in the preparation of record

in the administration of the construction phase. documents at project completion (contract

closeout).

b. Construction Phase - Office. During the

construction phase of a project, there are many c. Construction Phase - Quality

related tasks which do not directly involve field Assurance. In administering the construction

observations, e.g., processing contractors' contract, the landscape architect’s function is to

applications for payment, change orders, shop determine if the contractor's work generally

drawings and samples, and adjudicating disputes. conforms to the requirements of the contract

The handling of these matters will usually have a documents. To evaluate the quality of plant

or modify the cost are accomplished by change

include, but are not limited to:

payment and preparing certificates of payment.

contractors, and maintaining records of the

evaluations.

changes (including value engineering proposals),

interpreting the documentation, and preparing

change orders.

(4) Participating in the resolution of disputes

and the interpretation of conflicts relating to the

contract documents.

(5) Participating in the assembly of evidence

and the preparation of testimony to be used

before an arbitration panel or in court.

the Government, construction contractor, and

contract architect-engineer (AE) firms by attending

seminars and using other supplementary

education sources.
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material and workmanship, the landscape review. Issues regulations for danger zones,

architect must be thoroughly familiar with all of the restricted areas, operation of Corps projects, and

provisions of the contract documents and for the use and administration, and navigation in

contract. Periodic reports on the stage of the navigable waters. Reviews proposed and new

completion of scheduled activities are collected legislation to determine effect on Corps permit

and compared to the overall project schedule at program. The landscape architect establishes

job site meetings. These meetings facilitate and maintains agreements with Federal agencies

communication between the contract parties and on regulatory matters, and reviews field budget

produce a detailed progress record. The submission and prepares overall annual regulatory

landscape architect must determine, through budget proposal and documentation. Possible

observation, the date of substantial completion career program individual activities include, but

and receive all data, warranties, and releases are not limited to:

required by the contract documents prior to final

inspection and final payment. Dissatisfaction can (1) Assisting in the evaluation and

lead to arbitration or the courts. Possible career interpretation of environmental quality regulations

program individual activities include, but are not such as the protection of natural resources

limited to: (preserving existing and improving ecological

balances for those now abused), verification and

(1) Visiting the job site and participating in

observation of the work in place and materials

stored, and prepare field progress reports of such

routine inspections.

(2) Reviewing and analyzing construction

time schedules. Understand the various network

methods (e.g., critical path method) potentially

available to the construction contractor.

(3) Developing an awareness of the

contractual obligations related to the observation

of construction by reviewing the construction

contract documents and through professional

development programs.

(4) Attending periodic job-site construction

meetings and assisting in recording and

documenting all actions taken and agreed to at

such meetings.

(5) Participating in the substantial

completion inspection and assisting in the punch

list verification.

(6) Participating in the final acceptance

inspection with the installation, the user, and other

involved parties.

Category D - Operations

The following training areas are recommended.

a. Regulatory Functions. The landscape

architect implements Federal laws protecting

navigable waterways and water supply. Manages

the Corps permit program to include policy

development, program execution and program

protection/control/improvements of pollution,

energy conservation, and aesthetic quality (visual

assessment review process).

(2) Participating in the drafting of permits,

regulations and agreements.

(3) Checking overall annual regulatory

budget for accuracy, consistency and agreement

with draft documents.

b. Natural Resources Management.

Landscape architects are active in the

development, management, operation and

maintenance of recreation and land and water

resources at Civil Works projects. He/she

develops and issues policy for development and

management of natural resources to maintain

ecological, forest and fish, and wildlife resources

at Civil Works projects. Provides policy and staff

supervision of recreational use of project areas,

including preparation of Federal regulations

governing public uses of these areas. Provides

staffing guidelines for recreation and resourcesrelated manpower at Civil Works projects.

Determines availability of multi-purpose projects

lands before interchange, disposal, or issuance

and execution of real-estate permits, leases and

licenses for use by others. Develops cost sharing

requirements and guidance on Natural Resources

Management O&M budgets. Serves as technical

monitor for the Aquatic Plant Control Program and

Natural Resources Research and Development

Program at Civil Works projects. Possible career

program individual activities include, but are not

limited to:
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(1) Participating in the development of draft meetings about land use issues and preparing

policy for the management of natural resources at reports for future reference.

Civil Works projects. Preparing minutes of

meetings, reports and organizing reviews of b. Programming/DD 1391 Preparation.

documentation. Landscape architects working in the master

(2) Assisting in assessing studies on the programming documents that support the

availability of multi-project lands in a specific area. installation construction program. The

Preparing analysis reports and make draft construction program is based on the installation's

recommendations. short-range component of the Real Property

(3) Checking studies on recreation the long-term goals and objectives of the

resources for accuracy, consistency of format and installation as reflected in the Real Property

clarity. Master Plan. Possible career program individual

(4) Reviewing procedures and contracts for

grounds maintenance to improve existing turf, (1) Participating in the analysis of the

trees, shrubs, recreational equipment and site installation master plan and the Capital

furnishing conditions. Improvement Plan to determine if the priority order

of construction meets the installations

Category E - Facilities Engineering

The following training areas are recommended.

a. Army Real Property Master Planning.

The installation master plan is a process that

identifies long-term priorities and goals of the

installation and translates those priorities and

goals into land use, facility, and related

infrastructure objectives and policies, as well as

natural resource protection and efficient use of all

resources. The plan is the primary mechanism to

relate the installation mission to plans for facilities,

programs, projects and policies required within the

installation boundaries to support the military

community. The plan is also a product that

portrays those long-term priorities, goals,

objectives, and policies. Possible career program

individual activities include, but are not limited to:

(1) Assisting in the analysis of land-use and

organizational relationships and their impact on

the selection of sites for projects.

(2) Assisting in analyzing several sites to

assess the feasibility of their use for a proposed

project.

(3) Helping analyze the feasibility of using a

specific site for the project.

(4) Researching site constraints/restrictions

such as land use, easements, utilities, etc.

(5) Participating in public hearings and

planning function often develop DD 1391's

Master Plan in a priority order which implements

activities include, but are not limited to:

requirements.

(2) Assisting in the preparation of DD 1391's

programming documents of projects for design

approval. Research AR 415-15 for correct

procedures and format for DD 1391s.

(3) Checking DD 1391s to see that the

document contains all the pertinent information

necessary to meet the requirements of AR 415-15

and related publications.

c. Natural Resources Management.

Landscape architects are active in the

development, improvement, maintenance and

conservation of real property on Army

installations. He/she implements control measures

for: wind and water erosion and sedimentation;

excessive and undesirable vegetation; and fire

hazards and pollution. Defines and implements

maintenance and improvement practices that

include: care and development of turf, trees and

shrubs; agricultural outgrant lease areas; soil

stabilization; irrigation; land drainage; and natural

resources management plans. Possible career

program individual activities include, but are not

limited to:

(1) Participating in the development of

implementation programs that conserve, manage

and maintain all land and water areas on Army

installations in accordance with proven scientific

methods, procedures and techniques to facilitate

the installation mission and operations.
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(2) Assisting in assessing studies to prevent expenditures to ensure compliance with the PMP,

the installation from contributing to pollution proper distribution of obligations and expenditures

through waste disposal or erosional debris. among the standard code of accounts, and

(3) Working with other natural resource Federal.

individuals to improve the appearance of the

installation and facilities through the preservation (4) Working with designated team members

of the natural terrain and vegetation and to ensure early identification of project related

appropriate new plantings. issues which may impact scope, quality, cost,

Category F - Life Cycle Project Management decision-making level. The project manager is

The following training areas are recommended: most appropriate manner.

Although landscape architecture is a creative (5) Managing project schedule and cost,

design profession, the landscape architect is making and/or recommending necessary

sometimes called upon in commercial enterprises adjustments based on changes and performance.

to serve in a project management capacity. As Ensuring development, in conjunction with the

ESRC professionals, they can likewise operate in cost engineer and the designated technical

a similar capacity in USACE. Landscape managers, of all required cost estimates.

architects may be responsible for overseeing Developing forecast schedule and estimate.

project development under the “cradle to grave”

concept of project management. As such, they (6) Working with the district elements in

serve as an individual project manager (IPM) and preparation and negotiation of cost sharing

are the primary point of contact within the agency agreements.

and with the public on a given project. They work

closely with various technical specialists during (7) Helping ensure that environmental

planning design and implementation phases of commitments are incorporated into the project

project development. In the initial stages of through succeeding phases.

planning they serve as members of the planning

team and eventually assume control of the (8) Participating in review conferences and

management of the project once a project has approving the memoranda for record.

been firmly identified. A project manager manages

delivery of the project in accordance with the (9) Serving as the primary point of contact

Project Management Plan (PMP) through with USACE customers on project issues.

construction into project operations or transfer to Ensuring customer understanding of funding and

the partner and settlement of outstanding claims. finance requirements for project execution,

Possible career program individual activities regularly updating customers on progress,

include, but are not limited to: reviewing and monitoring the customer's

(1) Being the designated leader of the resolution of technical issues with the customer,

project team comprised of technical managers and coordinating project schedule and cost

from the various district functional areas and other change requests.

members, as appropriate. Managing the overall

project including: acquisition planning, affordability

and corporate commitments.

(2) Obtaining manpower, cost schedule and

task description input from participating district

elements and the partner and develops the PMP.

(3) Helping monitor actual obligations and

effective use of all project funds, Federal and nonbudget, and schedule. Facilitating resolution of

these issues or elevating them to the appropriate

responsible for resolving these problems in the

compliance with commitments, participating in

(10) Participating in prefinal and final

inspections and ensuring that any deficiencies are

corrected.

(11) Helping ensure timely preparation of

operation and maintenance manuals, resolution of

outstanding claims, completion of final audit, and

transfer of projects to our partners or others for

operation.
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(12) Reporting to the project review board on

a monthly basis and helping ensure that the chain

of command stays informed.
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APPENDIX C

USACE PROVIDED SUPPLEMENTARY EDUCATION

GENERAL. Training courses are available from the e. Computer Applications for Engineers

Department of the Army, MACOM, and Office of and Managers. This course provides an overview

Personal Management. Listings of these courses and teaches the use of computer-aided design

are available through your training office. Other applications such as Computer-Aided Drafting

sources of supplementary education include Design (CADD) and applications in the CORPS

USACE Proponent Sponsored Engineer Corps Library. Applications use the Corps' computer

Training (PROSPECT) Program and PROSPECT systems, CADD workstations, and microcomputers

Exportable Training Program courses including, but (required at GS-11/12 level; meets KSA 17).

not limited to, the following:

a. Administration of Operations and provides the student with the specific knowledge

Maintenance Contracts. This course provides required to assure the quality design and

basic instruction to natural resource managers, construction of architectural concrete (required at

park rangers, maintenance supervisors, and GS-9/1 5 level; meets KSA 12,13,14,15)

operational support personnel on preparing and

administering a broad range of service, supply and g. Construction Contract Administration.

small construction contracts used at civil works This is a new course which replaces the

projects (required at GS-11/12 levels; meets "Introduction to Construction Contract

Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities (KSA) 14,15,16,21). Management” course. The course will assist the

b. Advance Administration of Operations competent application in the construction setting.

and Maintenance Contracts. This course provides Additionally, it will provide the student with an

senior project managers with greater skills for overview of USACE operations with an emphasis

developing and administering operations and placed on construction contract management

maintenance service contracts (required at GS- (required at GS-9/11 level; meets KSA

12/13 level; meets KSA 14,15,16,21). 12,13,14,16).

c. Advanced Construction Contract h. Construction Contract Engineering

Administration. This is a new course which With Microcomputer-Aided Cost Estimating

replaces the "Advanced Construction Management" System (MCACES). This course provides the

course. This course will increase the effectiveness student with instruction and ready-reference

of the student by developing a keener insight into material to assist in improving his/her ability to

the problems created by the ever-changing follow USACE policies and procedures for

methods and procedures utilized in construction preparing Government estimates for construction

contracts and management (required at level GS- projects (required at GS-9/1 1 level; meets KSA

12/13; meets KSA 13,14,15). 12,13,14,16).

d. Architect-Engineer (AE) Contracting i. Construction Quality Management. This

Procedures and Negotiations. This course will is a PROSPECT Exportable Training package

provide the student with a working knowledge of which provides the student with construction quality

applicable laws and regulations governing AE management policies, requirements, and

contracts, and provides a concentrated look at all procedures (required at GS-9/1 1 level; meets KSA

aspects of AE contracting from project 16).

authorization, through selection, negotiation and

contract award, to contract close-out (required at j. Design Quality Management, Policies,

GS-12/13 level; meets KSA 12,14,15). Principles, and Procedures. This course will

f. Concrete Architectural. This course

student in translating academic knowledge to

present a practical approach toward improving
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design reviews and will support the student in and managers (required at GS-11/12 level; meets

understanding the design review process. Policies, KSA 11).

principles, procedures, and various techniques

used in reviewing designs and cross-checking p. Military Construction Process, Design

drawings and specifications will be covered and Construction Execution. This course will

(required at GS-9/12 level; meets KSA 12). provide the student with the management

k. Environmental Impact Assessment of effectively manage projects from design

Projects. This course will provide the student with authorization through construction completion

a working knowledge of the environmental (required at GS-9/15 level; meets KSA

assessment process and the procedures to follow 12,13,14,16).

in preparing an environmental impact assessment

document or an environmental impact statement q. Negotiating Construction Contract

(required at GS-1 1/12 level; meets KSA 12). Modifications. This is a new course that replaces

I. Environmental Laws and Regulations. The course will provide instruction concerning

This course will provide the student with the ability policies and procedures that will provide the

to list major Federal statutes designed to protect student with knowledge in negotiating construction

the environment, summarize the major provisions contract modifications. it will also provide practice

of each Federal environmental law and the in effectively analyzing all changes in connection

relationship to USACE projects, and identify and with contractors’ proposals and Government

understand the legal requirements for estimates (required at GS-9/1 1 level; meets

environmental protection as related to specific KSA 8,13,14,15,16,23).

projects (required at GS-13/14 level; meets KSA

12,20,21). r. Planner Orientation - WR. This course

m. Estimating for Construction the Corps’ water resources planning program,

Modifications. This course will provide the student policies, and procedures. it is designed for Corps

with instructions and ready-reference material to individuals who are relatively new to civil works

assist in improving his/her ability to prepare an planning and for others who work in more

estimate for a construction contract modification in specialized fields in support of planning studies

accordance with USACE policies and procedures (required at GS-11/12 level; meets KSA 12,14).

(required at GS-9/15 level: meets KSA

12,13,14,16). s. Project Management. This course is

n. Human Resource Management I, II, III, individual project manager or a functional project

and IV. These courses develop and refresh human manager. Presentations are suitable for both civil

resource (personnel) management skills of the works and military project managers (required at

student which are vital in developing leadership, GS-11/12 level; meets KSA 12,13,14,16).

management, and supervisory roles of the

professional landscape architect (required at GS- t. Real Property Master Planning. This

12/13 level; meets KSA 2,3). course will provide the student with an overview of

0. Leadership Communication Skills. This and a general guide to prepare master plans.

course provides hands-on communication skills Material covered includes definitions of

training that improves the problem-solving comprehensive planning, the organization needed

techniques of program managers, supervisors, to prepare comprehensive plans, benefits of

study team chiefs, and other leaders. Participants planning, consequences of not planning,

improve skills in negotiating, resolving issues, environment considerations, the relationship to

preparing action plans, conducting team meetings surrounding communities, and the principles of

and, in doing so, improve all the leadership skills planning (required at GS-11/12 level; meets KSA

that were critical in their selection as supervisors 12).

procedures, tools, and techniques necessary to

the “Construction Contract Negotiating” course.

provides the student with a basic understanding of

designed for those ndividuals who are or will be an

the comprehensive Army master planning process
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u. Security Engineering. This course x. Value Engineering Workshop. This

provides Directorate of Engineering and Housing course will provide the student with the

planners and designers, provost marshal requirements, policies, and procedures necessary

personnel, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to recognize areas of potential for value

planners and designers en introduction to the engineering (VE) studies that will enable him/her to

security engineering design process. The course perform effectively as a value engineering study

provides participants with the methodology leading team member (required at GS-9/15 level; meets

to the determination of protective measures for a KSA 12,13,14,16).

facility against terrorists and other peacetime

threats. The course also includes guidelines, y. Wetlands Development and

specifications, standards, and building hardening Restoration. This course provides training in the

information to aid in this process (required at GS- concepts and practices of wetlands restoration and

9/15 level; meets KSA 12,13,14,16). development in both inland and coastal areas. The

v. Specification Writing for Construction engineers concerned with wetlands and seagrass

Contracts. This course will provide the student with development on dredged material, restoration of

instruction concerning the preparation of effective disturbed wetlands and seagrass beds, and

specifications for construction projects. The course techniques for reducing engineering impacts in

covers basic principles of specification writing, wetlands and seagrass areas. Practical, hands-on

procedures, and techniques as well as the field application of state-of-the-art techniques is

relationship of the specifications to the construction emphasized (required at GS-11/12 level; meets

drawings and other elements of the construction KSA 12).

system (required at GS-9/15 level; meets KSA

12,13,14,16).

w. Urban Environment. This course

provides the student with a broad spectrum of

awareness concerning the environmental factors

that have a direct and indirect affect on USACE

projects in urban areas (required at GS-11/12 level;

meets KSA 12).

course is directed toward Corps biologists and