CECW-OM

Pamphlet No.

1130-2-510

Department of the Army

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Washington, DC 20314-1000

EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

Project Operations

HYDROELECTRIC POWER OPERATIONS AND

MAINTENANCE GUIDANCE AND

PRODCEDURES

Distribution Restriction Statement

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
i

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY EP 1130-2-510

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

CECW-OM Washington, D.C. 20314-1000

Pamphlet

No. 1130-2-510 13 December 1996

Project Operations

HYDROELECTRIC POWER OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

GUIDANCE AND PROCEDURES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paragraph Page

CHAPTER 1 - Introduction

Purpose 1-1 1-1

Applicability 1-2 1-1

References 1-3 1-1

Glossary 1-4 1-1

CHAPTER 2 - Reports on Hydroelectric Power Generation Statistics And Operating Logs

Purpose 2-1 2-1

Background 2-2 2-1

Guidance 2-3 2-1

CHAPTER 3 - Coordination of Hydroelectric Power Operations With Power Marketing Agencies

Reserved.

CHAPTER 4 - Project Employee Refresher Operational Exercises For Emergency Stations,

Multiple-purpose Projects With Power

Reserved.

CHAPTER 5 - Hydroelectric Power Plant Trainees

Purpose 5-1 5-1

Rationale 5-2 5-1

Selection of Trainees 5-3 5-1

Employment Provisions 5-4 5-1

Training Responsibilities 5-5 5-2

Training Sites 5-6 5-3

Program Details 5-7 5-3

Training Program Schedule 5-8 5-4

Training Evaluation 5-9 5-4

Failure to Maintain Satisfactory

Progress 5-10 5-5

Training Accomplishments 5-11 5-5
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Paragraph Page

Training Records 5-12 5-5

Certificate of Completion 5-13 5-5

Training at the Journeyman Level 5-14 5-5

CHAPTER 6 - Rewind of Hydroelectric Generators And Generator Motors

Purpose 6-1 6-1

Background 6-2 6-1

Guidance 6-3 6-1

APPENDIX A - Congressional Report Format A-1

APPENDIX B - Rate Computation B-1

APPENDIX C - Generating Equipment Service Summary (ENG Form 4338 E) C-1

APPENDIX D - MSC Summary Report Format For Hydropower Generation D-1

APPENDIX E - Equipment Failure And System Disturbance Telephone Report E-1

APPENDIX F - Monthly Power Plant (DOE Form EIA-759) Report F-1

APPENDIX G - Training Program Schedule G-1

APPENDIX H - Training Accomplishments H-1

APPENDIX I - Training Records I-1

APPENDIX J - Certificate of Training (DA Form 87) J-1

APPENDIX K - Background Information K-1

APPENDIX L- Evaluation Items L-1

APPENDIX M - Economic Analysis Guidance M-1

APPENDIX N - Additional Technical References N-1
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1-1

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION

1-1. Purpose. This pamphlet establishes the guidance for the operation and maintenance (O&M)

of USACE hydroelectric power generation facilities and related structures at civil works water

resource projects and supplements Engineer Regulation (ER) 1130-2-510.

1-2. Applicability. This guidance applies to all USACE commands having responsibility for civil

works functions and hydroelectric power generation.

1-3. References.

a. PL 85-507, The Government Employees Training Act, 7 July 1958.

b. PL 95-91, Section 302, 95th Congress, Department of Energy Organization Act, 4

August 1977 (91 Stat. 565).

c. PL 99-662, Section 937, Reports on Hydropower Statistics, Water Resources

Development Act of 1986.

d. PL 104-303, Section 216, Water Resources Development Act of 1996.

e. PL 534, Section 5, 78th Congress, Flood Control Act of 1944, 22 December 1944, (58

Stat. 889).

d. AR 690-400, Employee Performance and Utilization, Chapters 410, 430 and 432.

e. USACE Supplement 1 to AR 690-400, 410 and 430, Employment Performance and

Utilization Training.

f. ER 385-1-31, Safety Clearance Procedures

g. ER 1105-2-100, Guidance for Conducting Civil Works Planning Studies.

h. ER 1110-2-109, Hydroelectric Design Center.

i. ER 1110-2-1200, Plans and Specifications.

j. ER 1130-2-500, Partners in Support (Work Management Policies).

k. ER 1130-2-510, Hydroelectric Power Operations and Maintenance Policies.

l. REMR Condition Rating Procedures/Condition Indicator For Hydropower Equipment.

1-4. Glossary.

a. Allocated Power Investment Cost. That portion of total project investment cost which

is allocated to generation of power based on firm cost allocation of multipurpose projects with

power.
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1-2

b. Available Hours. The hours during which a unit is available. Available Hours (AH) is

equal to the sum of Service Hours (SH) plus Reserve Standby Hours (RSH).

 c. Balance of Total Investment Cost. The cumulative unpaid federal investment in power

facilities. The cost includes the additional federal investments subsequent to the initial placement

of generating units in service and the credits for the revenues transferred to the project.

d. Delayed Forced Outage Hours (DFOH). The hours for any malfunction that results in

removal of a generating unit from connection to the transmission system for maintenance or repair

at a later time, so as to allow an outage to be scheduled after the trouble develops.

e. Equipment Failures and Generation Interruptions. For the purpose of this guidance,

equipment failures and generation interruptions are defined as those affecting the project's major

power plant equipment which are necessary for generation of hydroelectric power. Such

equipment may consist of turbines, generators, transformers, switching equipment, station service

system, etc. Also included in this definition is loss of power generation due to project operating

procedures and errors, improper or faulty maintenance or work practices. Interruptions due to

lightning strikes, outages of non-USACE facilities, and those where impact to service, equipment,

cost, etc. is insignificant are excluded.

f. Forced Outage Hours (FOH). The hours for any failure, misoperation, or malfunction

that results in the immediate automatic or manual removal of a generating unit from connection to

the transmission system, or that prevents such connection from being accomplished when desired.

g. Generator Forced Outage (GFO). Any generating unit forced outage caused by a

misoperation, failure or malfunction of a turbine, water passage, governor, or generator, including

related auxiliaries or controls. These items are considered to represent a generating unit.

h. Generator Scheduled Outage (GSO). A scheduled outage for a generating unit. (See

1-4.g. above and Note 1 below.)

i. Hours. Hours will be recorded to the nearest hundredth.

j. In-Service Date. The in-service time and date reported in compliance with ER 1130-2-

510, Chapter 2, Reports on Hydroelectric Power Generation Statistics.

k. Non-Generator Forced Outage (NGFO). A forced outage caused by misoperation,

failure or malfunction of equipment or facilities beyond the load side of the generator terminals.

l. Non-Generator Scheduled Outage (NGSO). A scheduled outage for equipment other

than a generating unit. (See 4-4.l. above and Note 1 below.)

m. Period Hours (PH). The number of hours in the year for existing units. For new units,

the hours since the unit was first synchronized until the end of the year.

n. Planned Modification Hours (PMH). Scheduled outage for installation of new

equipment, switchyard rearrangements or to correct design or construction deficiencies. 
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1-3

Replacement of existing equipment due to failure or normal deterioration is not included. (See

Note 1 below.)

o. Reserve Standby Hours (RSH). The hours during which a generating unit is not in

service, but is available for use if required.

p. Service Hours (SH). The hours during which a generating unit is connected to the

transmission system either supplying power or condensing; i.e., the time during which the

generator main power circuit breaker is closed.

q. Scheduled Outage Hours (SOH). The hours for routine repetitive maintenance and

repair that have been programmed into the power schedule.

NOTE 1: When a variety of work is performed on both generating unit and non-generating

equipment, the primary reason for the outage will determine to which category the outage hours

will be charged. Outages due to reservoir conditions, high tailwaters, flood control operations,

loss of transmission lines, or short outages for trash removal are not to be considered unavailable

time.
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CHAPTER 2 - REPORTS ON HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION STATISTICS

2-1. Purpose. This chapter establishes guidance for reporting USACE hydroelectric power

statistics, including the availability, failure and usage rates of generating equipment; power

generating equipment failures and generation interruptions; monthly power plant generation; and

in-service data at multiple-purpose projects having hydroelectric power.

2-2. Background.

a. This pamphlet provides guidance for implementing the following hydropower statistical

and informational reporting requirements to Congress and other designated recipients, as defined

in ER 1130-2-510, Chapter 2, Reports on Hydroelectric Power Generation Statistics, and for

coordinating the operation of the Corps of Engineers hydroelectric generating facilities with the

power marketing agencies. Reporting requirements include:

(1) general hydroelectric power generation equipment operational and cost data;

(2) the availability, failure and usage rates of generating equipment at multiple-purpose

projects having hydroelectric power;

(3) power generating equipment failures and generation interruptions; and

(4) the in-service dates for hydroelectric generating units and reporting the monthly

power plant generation on the Department of Energy Form EIA-759.

b. Section 5 of the Act of December 22, 1944 (PL 534, 78th Congress) provides that

electric power and energy generated at reservoir projects under the control of the Department of

the Army and in the opinion of the Secretary of the Army not required in the operation of such

projects shall be delivered to the Secretary of Interior for transmittal and disposal in a manner to

encourage the most widespread use thereof at the lowest possible rates to consumers consistent

with sound business principles. 

c. Section 302 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (PL 95-91) transfer all

functions of the Secretary of Interior under Section 5 of the 1944 Act to the Secretary of Energy

together with all other functions of the Secretary of Interior, and officers and components of the

Department of the Interior, with respect to Southeastern Power Administration; the Southwestern

Power Administration; the Alaska Power Administration; the Bonneville Power Administration;

Western Area Power Administration; and the power marketing functions of the Bureau of

Reclamation.

2-3. Guidance.

a. Congressional Reports. Section 937, Reports on Hydropower Statistics, PL 99-662,

Water Resources Development Act of 1986, states that the Secretary of the Army shall provide to

the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives and the

Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate, a statistical report on each water

resources project constructed by the Army Corps of Engineers which generates electricity. (See

Appendix A.) 
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(1) The report shall specify:

(a) Amount of electricity generated;

(b) Revenues received by the United States from the sale of electricity;

(c) Costs of construction, operation, and maintenance allocated to power; and

(d) Balance owed to the US Treasury by the Power Marketing Administration.

(2) Submission Dates. The report is due to the Congress by the 15th of January each year. 

The field operating activities will submit to CECW-OM their data by 15 December each year.

b. Service Rates for Generating Equipment. 

(1) Each year, on a fiscal year basis, districts having multi-purpose projects with

hydropower will determine and report the rates listed below for each hydroelectric project. These

rates will be composite for each project, based on the total main unit hours in each category for all

units at the project, and computed as indicated in Appendix B.

& In-service operating rate.

& Standby rate.

& Availability rate.

& Generator forced outage rate.

& Non-generator forced outage rate.

& Generator delayed forced outage

rate.

& Generator scheduled outage rate.

& Non-generator scheduled outage

rate.

& Planned modification outage rate.

& Non-generator delayed forced outage

rate.

(2) Service Rate Reports.

(a) Each MSC shall furnish annual reports to HQUSACE (CECW-OM) by 15 February

(RCS CECW-0-34) for the previous fiscal year utilizing the Lotus 1-2-3 format provided as ENG

Form 4338-E (AUG 89), illustrated in Appendix C. The reports shall be submitted using a

diskette or electronic mail.

(b) The additional information shown in Appendix D shall be furnished as a MSC

summary report along with an individual summary report for each district having hydroelectric

power facilities.

c. Equipment Failure and Generation Interruption Reports.

(1) Project Managers shall report all power generating equipment failures and generation interruptions anticipated to cost in excess of $50,000, or require more than five working days to

return equipment to service, to CECW-OM immediately by telephone, facsimile machine (FAX), 
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2-3

or electronic mail (E-mail) and then also in writing. Reports shall be made as soon as possible;

however, reports must be furnished before the end of the next regular business day. A sample of

the required information is provided as Appendix E.

(2) When requested by CECW-OM, a detailed narrative report shall be prepared and

forwarded to CECW-OM as soon as all pertinent information and data on the failure or

interruption are available. The report shall present the information and data in such a manner as

to facilitate review and evaluation by CECW-OM and other elements of the HQUSACE. These

reports are required for review and evaluation for determining what changes are needed in guide

specifications, operating and maintenance procedures, or personnel training, to reduce power

production interruptions. 

(3) Written Report. When requested, a detailed narrative report will be prepared and

forwarded to CECW-OM as soon as all pertinent information and data on the failure or

interruption are available. The report will include, but not be limited to, the following information

as applicable: Name of the project; actual time of day and date of occurrence; identity of

equipment or procedure causing the interruption; unit(s) involved; megawatts of project

generation shutdown; megawatts of load passing through the project switchyard before

interruption; megawatts of switchyard load interrupted; actual or estimated length of time

required to return the failed equipment to service; the actual cause of failure or interruption; and

any deficiencies found in design, construction, operation or maintenance. The report will also

include a description of all actions, interim and final, needed to restore equipment to service, and

recommendations for changes in design, construction, protective equipment, operational and

maintenance practices and procedures that will reduce the possibility of recurrence. Supporting

data, such as single line diagrams, sketches, schematic wiring diagrams, and photographs will be

included when such information will clarify the cause of the interruption and assist in determining

the best corrective action. The report will present the information and data in such a manner as to

facilitate review and evaluation by CECW-OM and other elements of the HQUSACE.

d. Monthly Power Plant (DOE FORM EIA-759) and In-Service Data Reports for

Hydroelectric Generating Units.

(1) The Commander, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is required to keep the

Chairman, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, informed of the current installed hydroelectric

generating capacity at USACE projects. 

(a) This includes installation of new generators and changes in the existing generating

capacity due to rewinding of the generator stator, or any other reason. Within five business day

after occurrence of the in-service date, the Commander, USACE, will be notified, Attention: 

CECW-OM, of the name of the project and the nameplate rating in kilowatts of each unit as it is

placed in service. The information may be transmitted by telecopy, electronic mail or any other

suitable method. The in-service date of a unit is defined as the date when the generator is first

brought to rated terminal voltage and synchronized to the transmission system. 

(b) For new generators, the date when the generator is initially placed in service, as

defined above. For existing generators, the date is when the generator is again placed in

operation after a change in capacity. Units declared in service, which subsequently develop

trouble requiring modifications that may delay normal generation, will continue to be considered

in service, unless otherwise specifically approved by the Commander, USACE. The in-service 
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2-4

date information will agree with the date reported to the Power Marketing Administration and

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

(c) In service data, for stator rewinds, turbine replacements, or similar work that does not

change the nameplate rating of the unit, will be reported only to CECW-OM.

(2) Monthly power Plant Report - Form EIA-759 (OMB No. 1905-0129 and RCS

FERC-1001). Each month Energy Information Administration (EIA) of the Department of

Energy furnishes USACE field offices with copies of Form EIA-759 for the monthly generation

report. This form shall be completed and submitted directly to EIA by the tenth of the following

month. In determining net generation, the power used for operation of locks, fishways, flood

control, or functions other than power will be included. Power for the operation of the

powerhouse and generating equipment only will be deducted from gross generation in computing

net generation. A copy of completed Form EIA-759 will be forwarded to CECW-OM for

information concurrent with sending the original to the Energy Information Administration. A

sample copy of this form is provided as Appendix F.

e. Reports for Power Marketing Agencies.

(1) The Corps is responsible for operating the hydroelectric projects and providing

information affecting cost and availability of power to the Power Marketing Agencies. Marketing

the power declared excess to the need of the projects and recovering Federal investment are the

responsibilities of the Power Marketing Agencies.

(2) Specific Requirements.

(a) Continuing. Prompt written notification will be provided to the appropriate power

marketing agency each time a change in power operation or condition which could substantially

affect costs or power availability is anticipated.

(b) Annually, when no changes in power operations or costs are expected for the

succeeding 12 month period, the marketing agency will be notified of that fact in writing.

(3) MSC Responsibility. The MSCs directly responsible for communicating with the

marketing agency will develop reporting procedures in coordination with that agency. This

responsibility may be delegated to the District Commander.
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3-1

CHAPTER 3 - COORDINATION OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER OPERATIONS WITH POWER

MARKETING AGENCIES

Reserved.
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CHAPTER 4 - PROJECT EMPLOYEE REFRESHER OPERATIONAL EXERCISES FOR

EMERGENCY STATIONS, MULTIPLE-PURPOSE PROJECTS WITH POWER

Reserved.
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CHAPTER 5 - HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT TRAINEES

5-1. Purpose. This chapter establishes the procedures for the Corps of Engineers apprenticeship

training program for hydropower trainees for advancement to journeyman status as power plant

operators, mechanics, electricians, or electronic mechanics. Guidance for establishing training

beyond the apprenticeship program is also included.

5-2. Rationale. Hydroelectric power plants are complex electrical and mechanical installations

which need trained personnel for operation and maintenance. The trend towards automation and

optimization further emphasizes the importance of a well trained staff to ensure continuity and

reliability of power generation. Sufficient number of qualified personnel are not available from the

industry to meet the Corps requirements and this necessitates a training program to develop

trainees to perform well at journeyman level. 

5-3. Selection of Trainees. The vacancies will be filled from any appropriate source, e.g., OPM

register, merit promotion action, reassignments, change to lower grade, Veterans' Readjustment

Act, Handicap authority, etc. Single-Agency Qualification Standard for Hydroelectric Power

Plant Trainee (Army) has been issued by the U.S. Civil Service Commission. Physical

requirements are included in the above standard. All candidates, including current Federal

employees, must meet these standards. Human Resources will prepare a list of eligible candidates

for selection by the MSC Commander or his/her designate.

5-4. Employment Provisions.

a. Trainee Agreement. Each trainee will enter into a written agreement with the local

appointing authority. The agreement will specify, but not be limited to:

(1) Local arrangements about tools and supplies.

(2) Trainee's employment and training in an occupation, under standards adequate to

produce a qualified skilled worker.

(3) Conditions for advancement and retention, removal from the program, and

performance in a full performance position.

(4) Mobility during and after training for Division-wide placement. 

(5) Mandatory service for four years after graduating from the program, otherwise the

trainee must reimburse Government expenses on pro-rate basis.

b. Probationary Period. The probationary period for a trainee is one year. However,

unacceptable performance during the program period will be a cause to remove him from the

training program under 5 USC 4303.

c. Pay During Training. Pay rates for trainee levels are established by the Department of

Defense Wage Fixing Authority and are shown on current authorized wage schedules. Current

Federal employees who enter the training program will have their pay set in accordance with the

OPM regulations. 
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5-5. Training Responsibilities.

a. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Headquarters (CECW-OM) shall

be responsible for overview of the training program and keeping the ER current to meet the

changing requirements. Any deviations from the program will require approval from CECW-OM. 

b. Major Subordinate Command. The MSC Commander is responsible for the overall

implementation and management of the program. At his/her discretion, the MSC Commander

may delegate all or part of his/her duties to the district commanders as appropriate.

c. District. The District Commander, when so delegated, is responsible for the

implementation of the training program. The Chief, Operations Division will see that the training

is imparted as stipulated in this EP. He/she will also be an advisor to the District Commander on

matters pertaining to the training program.

d. Training Board. A training board shall be established at the MSC or District level, as

determined by the MSC Commander. The Board shall consist of a minimum of three members. 

The Chairman and each Board member shall be directly involved in, and knowledgeable of,

operation and maintenance of Corps hydroelectric power plants. The Board shall be responsible

for:

(1) Reviewing trainees' requests for reduction in training time and forwarding them to the

MSC Commander or his delegatee for approval or denial. 

(2) Reviewing and approving course instructions and on-the-job training for trainees

granted a reduction in training time.

(3) Evaluating progress of classroom instructions and on-the-job performance of each

trainee at the end of each training phase.

(4) Recommending to the MSC commander the hydroelectric power plants to be used as

training sites.

(5) Other training related duties as assigned.

e. Training Facility. 

(1) Training Coordinator. The Chief, Operations Division, in each district with

hydropower training site(s) shall appoint a training coordinator at each training site. The training

coordinator will be responsible for scheduling classroom and on-the-job training for all assigned

trainees. He/she will also provide assistance and guidance to instructors, as needed, and be

responsible for maintaining training records.

(2) Senior Craft-person. The senior craft-person to whom the trainee is assigned for onthe-job training will be responsible to over-see the trainee's work assignments. The senior will

make every effort to ensure that the trainee receives the best possible training, and will guide,

monitor and evaluate the trainee's work and progress on a daily basis. The senior will also

provide to the training coordinator a formal evaluation of the trainee at the completion of trainee's

rotational assignment with the senior's crew.
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(3) Instructors. The instructors, or project personnel acting in this capacity, will be

responsible for providing classroom instructions to the trainees. They should have the

demonstrated capability to teach the class and have been at least a senior level craft-person. The

instructors are responsible for keeping the training coordinator appraised of the trainee's

performance, and for keeping trainees informed of their progress in the classroom. 

(4) Trainees. The trainees are responsible for meeting and maintaining standards of

Federal employment in their class-room and on-the-job performance and personal work conduct. 

They are responsible for learning the study material and be able to do the work required in the

trade without hazard to themselves or other workers. 

5-6. Training Sites. The MSC Commander will select the hydroelectric power projects to be

used as training sites. They should be chosen from the larger and more complex projects in the

MSC. If feasible, trainees should be transferred between projects while in the training program to

broaden their experience.

5-7. Program Details. The training program will consist of a combination of academic, plant

equipment study, and on-the-job training. The academic training will be imparted by enrolling in a

correspondence school for academic subjects and class room (or equivalent) instructions for plant

equipment. On-the-job training will be achieved by orderly progression through practical

assignments closely related to correspondence school subjects and plant equipment instructions. 

a. Training Period. A four-year training and development program will be required for all

entrants who do not have previous hands on experience, and academic or vocational education

beyond the entry level requirements. 

b. Reduced Training Period. Reductions in time required to complete the training

program may be granted by the MSC Commander for the prior experience or training, provided

that the trainee applies for such reduction before completing the first year of the standard

program. The trainee will be responsible for providing the satisfactory proof of experience or

training he or she cites as creditable for a reduction in training time. Acceptable proof will be

academic transcripts and course descriptions from accredited vocational schools, colleges or

community colleges, and statements from former supervisors outlining previous work

experiences, level of responsibility, and performance appraisal. Only one reduction will be

granted. If the MSC Commander grants a trainee a reduction in time of the training period, the

training coordinator shall prepare a training schedule which will insure that the trainee has an

opportunity to develop the same skills and knowledge by the end of the reduced training period as

a full four year program trainee would have. This training schedule must be approved by the

training board. Trainees granted a reduction in training time will have their progress evaluated in

the same manner as a full 4-year term trainee. 

c. Craft Selection. The first one year of the training program will be identical for all

crafts. Specialization will begin in the second year. Each trainee will be asked to express a

preference for the craft specialty desired. Depending on the needs of power plants and trainee's

aptitude and talents, the training board will assign a craft specialty, subject to the approval by the

MSC commander, to each trainee before the beginning of the specialization phase. The training

board will document the basis on which assignment was based. 

d. Deviation from the Standard Program. Any deviation from the standard four year

program as stated herein, or material changes in classroom subjects, shall be submitted to
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HQUSACE, ATTN.: CECW-OM for approval. No such changes shall be incorporated without

prior approval of HQUSACE.

5-8. Training Program Schedule.

a. General. The first year of the training program consists of approximately 60% on-thejob training at a Corps hydroelectric power project, and 40% training in trade theory and closely

related academic subjects. The next three years of the program consists of approximately 80%

on-the-job training at a Corps hydroelectric power plant, and 20% training in trade theory and

closely related academic subjects. 

b. Academic Instructions. Craft persons are required to know the basic physical

principles of the equipment they use. They are also required to read and understand reasonably

complex written instructions, and be able to write legible, meaningful reports. Instructions in

academic subjects should preferably be provided by professional teachers. This could be

accomplished through a local school system if it is located nearby and is easily accessible. If

professional classroom training is not practical because of geographic distance, then

correspondence courses (Appendix G) or other delivery methods covering the same general

subjects should be provided to the trainees. 

c. Plant Equipment Study. The plant equipment study is designed to provide a trainee

with the theory and operation of the hydroelectric plant equipment. Appendix G lists the topics

for formal instructions. The theory portion of the instructions may be obtained through

correspondence school courses subject to the approval of the training board. However, a

qualified trade theory instructor must be provided to the trainees to insure that the trainees are

receiving the best quality instructions and counseling. 

d. On-the-Job Training. This portion of training is critical. Work habits, methods, and

techniques developed in this phase of training can make the trainee an efficient and effective craft

person. The training coordinator, in consultation with power plant superintendent, will prepare 

an on-the-job schedule for each trainee. The trainee should work on as many jobs as practicable,

keeping in mind the desirability of completing a task from start to finish. Also, the trainee will be

assigned to work with craft persons who have a special capability for the assigned task. 

5-9. Training Evaluation. Each trainee's progress will be evaluated periodically and at the end of

each phase as described below.

a. Periodic Evaluation. Each trainee's academic and on-the-job progress will be

continually monitored by the instructors and craft seniors. The purpose of the evaluation is to

assess the trainee's progress and the effectiveness of the instructional process. These evaluations

are necessary so that any incipient problems can be exposed at the earliest possible time. The

training coordinator should also consider evaluations from the trainee's instructors, crafts seniors

and correspondence school.

b. Phase Evaluation. At the end of each training phase (approximately six months), every

trainee will be evaluated by the training board. The evaluation will have a written portion, an oral

portion and a demonstration of practical skills, and will cover both academic and on-the-job

portions of the program. These evaluations will be used as a part of the procedure to assess a

trainee's progress for determining fitness to remain in the program, and as an input to the trainee's 
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5-5

performance appraisal. The minimum requirement for passing a phase evaluation is a score of

70% overall and 70% on each correspondence school instruction unit or classroom course. Upon

satisfactory completion of the phase evaluation and other performance requirements, the trainee

will be advanced to the next training phase.

5-10. Failure to Maintain Satisfactory Progress. Each trainee is responsible for maintaining

satisfactory progress in academic studies and on-the-job training. The evaluations will determine

the trainee's progress. Non-satisfactory evaluations will be handled as below:

a. Failing Periodic Evaluations. If the results of a periodic evaluation are unsatisfactory,

the appropriate supervisor will discuss the results with the trainee, determine reasons for

unacceptable progress, counsel the trainee on improvements needed, provide an appropriate

improvement period as prescribed by the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) regulations,

provide the trainee with appropriate assistance, and give the trainee a make-up performance test

at the end of improvement period. If the trainee's performance is unsatisfactory in two

consecutive makeup evaluations, a recommendation shall be made to the training board to remove

that trainee from the training program. The training coordinator or appropriate supervisor shall

ensure that any trainee who is having a problem with satisfactory performance is placed with at

least one other craft person before beginning of the remedial period leading to probable removal

from the training program.

b. Failing Phase Evaluations. If the result of a phase (6-month) evaluation is

unsatisfactory, the training board will inform the appropriate supervisor. The supervisor will

notify the trainee in writing of unsatisfactory performance, inform the trainee of the specific

deficiencies, what the trainee must do to overcome the deficiencies, provide an appropriate

improvement period, and provide the trainee with appropriate assistance. At the end of the

improvement period, the training board will re-administer the phase evaluation. Failure at two

consecutive phase evaluations or three non-consecutive phase evaluations any time during the

training period shall require removal of the trainee from the training program in accordance with

the OPM regulations. 

5-11. Training Accomplishments. After successful completion of four years of training, as

prescribed in this EP, a trainee will be eligible to advance to journeyman status and should have

the academic knowledge and practical skills for his respective trade as described in Appendix H.

5-12. Training Records. Complete training and performance evaluation records will be

maintained for each trainee. A set of obsolete forms are enclosed in Appendix I to illustrate the

types of records needed for each phase of the program.

5-13. Certificate of Completion. Each trainee who successfully completes the training program

will be presented with a Certificate of Training on DA Form 87, included as Appendix J.

5-14. Training at the Journeyman Level. {FUTURE}
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

6-1

CHAPTER 6 - REWIND OF HYDROELECTRIC GENERATORS AND GENERATOR

MOTORS

6-1. Purpose. This chapter establishes guidance on replacement of generator stator windings,

generators, or other comparable large scale electro-mechanical components of a USACE

hydroelectric power generating facility.

6-2. Background.

a. This guidance is designed to assist hydropower managers in providing higher authority

with a uniform and consistent rationale for replacing a generator or generator/motor winding. It

also provides the framework for justifying the replacement of a generator stator winding as part of

a major rehabilitation program.

b. The goal of this rewind procedure is to develop a decision document that justifies a

generator winding replacement before a catastrophic failure. That decision depends on adequately 

describing the condition of the winding and displaying the economic justification to support the

decision.

6-3. Guidance.

a. Replacement of generator stator windings shall be based upon the factors found in

Appendixes K, L and M. Each unit will be considered on its individual merits. Brief reports shall

be prepared that contain this evaluation. Consideration shall be given to uprating the unit,

whenever replacement of the winding is contemplated. Appendix N is a partial listing of technical

standards.

b. The factors identified in subparagraphs (1) and (2) shall be addressed in the report as a

basis to support the need for a generator rewind. The additional factors in subparagraph 3 shall

be addressed to support generator uprating, if recommended, and shall be included in the report. 

If generator uprating is not recommended, the report shall address the factor or factors which

makes an uprating not feasible. In accordance with ER 1110-2-109, Hydroelectric Design Center

will prepare the engineering and design features of the reports and other engineering

documentation.

(1) Background Information. Provide a tabulation of pertinent data for the existing

generator, turbine, transformer and other associated equipment. See Appendix K.

(2) Rewind Evaluation. Provide an analysis of the need for any proposed rewind that

considers the condition of the existing winding and the impact of forced rewind if a scheduled

rewind is not accomplished. The analysis should be developed around Appendices L and M.

(3) Potential for Uprating. If uprating is recommended, an analysis shall be prepared to

demonstrate that an uprating is justified based on the following factors:

(a) Compatibility of new winding with existing generator circuit breaker, excitation

equipment, transformer, buswork, structural, etc.
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

(b) Hydrology (turbines, water availability): Additional mechanical power capability to

increased generation.

(c) Marketability of the increased capacity and/or energy, see Section 103(c)(1), Public

Law 99-662, (WRDA 86).

(d) Environmental impacts, see Section 216, Public Law 104-303, (WRDA 96).

(e) Economic justification.

6-2
A-1

U. S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS

HYDROPOWER STATISTICS-FY 1994

RCS: CECW-0-73

Division Project

Generation 

Mega Watthours

Revenues,

Sale of Electricity

Dollars

Allocated

Investment

Cost-Dollars

Balance of

Investment

Cost-Dollars

Operation

CostDollars

Maintenance

CostDollars

T

Gross

(PMA)

Net

(Corps)

LMVD Blakely Mt. 205,971 2,301,200 27,308,811 12,506,866 885,205 369,930 

C. Cannon 149,588 4,649,500 97,535,160 88,648,908 716,953 210,642 

 DeGray 98,586 1,378,000 23,256,801 19,607,415 566,098 267,773 

Narrows 45,572 1,051,700 7,925,400 3,665,434 596,417 248,946 Subtotal-LMVD 499,717 9,380,400 156,026,172 124,428,623 2,764,673 1,097,291 

MRD Big Bend 842,201 5,227,506 115,655,211 70,708,067 2,926,352 1,548,677  Ft Peck 823,863 1,471,982 122,848,945 92,941,165 2,299,764 1,521,246 

Ft Randall 1,590,246 4,722,098 137,960,505 82,174,732 2,308,096 2,243,261 

 Garrison 1,763,826 1,440,286 206,438,679 141,211,881 3,478,886 1,958,799  Gavins Point 731,313 2,840,570 48,964,739 30,881,963 1,435,894 1,235,045  Harry S. 

Truman

229,434 6,204,900 155,637,527 144,222,115 1,208,849 1,724,614 

 Oahe 2,361,763 414,748 238,090,803 162,370,692 2,555,080 1,902,575  Stockton 112,634 1,239,400 19,023,142 15,279,868 366,537 546,313 

Subtotal-MRD 8,455,280 23,561,490 1,044,619,551 739,790,483 16,579,458 12,680,530 2

NCD St. Marys 147,521 1,857,287 12,343,154 4,938,860 710,860 801,385 

Subtotal-NCD 147,521 1,857,287 12,343,154 4,938,860 710,860 801,385 
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

B-1

APPENDIX B

RATE COMPUTATIONS

B-1. OPERATING RATE = (SH/PH) x 100%

B-2. STANDBY RATE = (RSH/PH) x 100%

B-3. AVAILABILITY RATE = ((SH + RSH)/PH) x 100%

B-4. GENERATOR FORCED OUTAGE RATE = (GFOH/(PH)) x 100%

B-5. NON-GENERATOR FORCED OUTAGE RATE = (NGFOH/(PH)) x 100%

B-6. GENERATOR DELAYED FORCED OUTAGE RATE = (GDFOH/PH) x 100%

B-7. NON-GENERATOR DELAYED FORCED OUTAGE RATE = (NGDFOH/PH) x 100%

B-8. GENERATOR SCHEDULED OUTAGE RATE = (GSOH/PH) x 100%

B-9. NON-GENERATOR SCHEDULED OUTAGE RATE = NGSOH x 100%

B-10. PLANNED MODIFICATION OUTAGE RATE = (PMH/PH) X 100%
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

C-1

APPENDIX C
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

D-1

APPENDIX D

MSC SUMMARY REPORT FORMAT FOR HYDROPOWER GENERATION

1. Total main generators at end of

year.

2. Total possible main unit hours. 

This will be the PH multiplied by the units

listed in 6a except for those units put in

service during the year. Hours for these

latter units start at the in-service date.

3. The total in-service hours (SH)

for all main units.

4. The total standby hours (RSH) for

all main units.

5. The total available hours (AH) for

all main units.

6. The total number of generator

forced outages for all main units.

7. The total out-of-service hours for

all main units as a result of generator forced

outage.

8. The total number of nongenerator forced outages for all main units.

9. The total out-of-service hours for

all main units as a result of non-generator

forced outages.

10. The total out-of-service hours

for all main units as a result of generator

delayed forced outage.

11. The total out-of-service hours

for all main units as a result of non-generator

delayed forced outages.

12. The total out-of-service hours

for all main units as a result of generator

scheduled outages.

13. The total out-of-service hours

for all main units as a result of non-generator

scheduled outages.

14. The total out-of-service hours

for all main units as a result of planned

modification outages.

15. The rates listed in 1 thru 14

above, computed as composites from the

totals for all main units in the district.

16. A resume of any special

problems or actions that had a noticeable

effect on the rates and indicating to what

degree the rates were affected.
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

E-1

APPENDIX E

EQUIPMENT FAILURE AND SYSTEM DISTURBANCE TELEPHONE REPORT

1. REPORTED BY DISTRICT: Tulsa District TIME: 1300 DATE: 7 Jun95

2. PROJECT: Eufaula EQUIP.FAIL.TIME: 0844 DATE: 7 Jun95

RETURNED TO SERVICE: 1500 DATE: 14 Jun95

3. UNIT OF EQUIPMENT: Power transformer for Unit #2 Solid State Exciter. 

4. DESCRIPTION OF FAILURE: Phase B of regulator power transformer failed blowing the

high voltage fuse on that phase. Protective relays for regulator tripped auxiliary relay 5c shutting

down the generator. 

5. LOAD INTERRUPTED MW: 34 FROM: 0844 7 Jun95 TO: 1500 14 Jun95

6. CAPACITY OUTAGE MW: 30 FROM: 0844 7 Jun95 TO: 1500 14 Jun95

7. EFFECT ON CONNECTED SYSTEM: Loss of 30 MW of reserve capacity.

8. PROBABLE CAUSE: Defective transformer insulation. 

9. CORRECTIVE ACTION: Transformer removed and taken to local repair shop by plant

personnel. Phase B was rewound and transformer reinstalled.

 

10. DEFICIENCIES: No known deficiencies.

11. REMARKS: 10 minutes before regulator transformer failure transmission line #2 (PSO line 

to Stigler OK) tripped after a cross arm broke. The line relays operated properly (carrier ground

tripped line) leaving all three generators on line feeding lines 1 and 3. When the line tripped

generator voltage peaked at 14.2kv. I estimate unit will return to service the middle of next

week.

 

12. PARTIAL REPORT: FINAL REPORT: XXXX

NA = Not applicable CALL TAKEN BY: Westmeyer

NK = Not known

E = Estimated

A = Actual

* = Mfg & Type 
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

F-1

APPENDIX F

MONTHLY POWER PLANT (DOE FORM EIA-759) REPORT
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-1

APPENDIX G

HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT PERSONNEL TRAINING PROGRAM 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COMBINED TRAINING - FIRST YEAR

1. Correspondence Courses - IA & IB G-3

2. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IA G-3

3. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IB G-4

SPECIALIZED TRAINING - ELECTRICIAN

1. Correspondence Courses - IIA & IIB G-6

2. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIA G-7

3. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIB G-8

4. Correspondence Courses - IIIA & IIIB G-9

5. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIIA G-10

6. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIIB G-11

7. Correspondence Courses - IVA & IVB G-12

8. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IVA G-13

9. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IVB G-14

SPECIALIZED TRAINING - ELECTRONICS MECHANIC

1. Correspondence Courses - IIA & IIB G-16

2. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIA G-16

3. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIB G-17

4. Correspondence Courses - IIIA & IIIB G-17

5. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIIA G-18

6. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIIB G-18

7. Correspondence Courses - IVA & IVB G-19

8. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IVA G-19

9. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IVB G-20

SPECIALIZED TRAINING - MECHANIC 

1. Correspondence Courses - IIA & IIB G-21

2. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIA G-21

3. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIB G-22

4. Correspondence Courses - IIIA & IIIB G-23

5. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIIA G-23

6. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIIB G-24

7. Correspondence Courses - IVA & IVB G-25

8. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IVA G-25

9. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IVB G-26 Page
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-2

SPECIALIZED TRAINING - OPERATOR

1. Correspondence Courses - IIA & IIB G-27

2. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIA G-27

3. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIB G-28

4. Correspondence Courses - IIIA & IIIB G-29

5. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIIA G-29

6. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IIIB G-30

7. Correspondence Courses - IVA & IVB G-31

8. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IVA G-32

9. Plant Equipment Study Outline - IVB G-33
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-3

HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT PERSONNEL TRAINING PROGRAM

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

TRAINEE IA AND IB

ICS Course Text Titles Units

TRAINEE IA

2750 A-F Practical Arithmetic 6

4210 A-C Electricity 3

6635 Electrical Blueprint Reading 1

2001 Introduction to Electronics 1

6719 A-B Elements of Print Reading 2

2002 A-B Electronics 2

 SUB-TOTAL 15

TRAINEE IB

2468 Formulas 1

6426 A-B Principles of Mechanics 2

2508 OSHA: Occupational Safety and 1

Health Act

2469 A-B Algebra 2

2509 A-E Industrial Safety 5

6718 A Hydraulic Turbines 1

6589 A Electric Power Generating Station 1

 Sub-Total 13

TOTAL 28

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

TRAINEE IA

 I. Safety:

 A. Clearance Procedure

 1. Types of Clearances

 2. Types of Cards

 3. Switching Orders

 B. Code Call

 1. Operation

 C. Equipment Safety Measures

 1. Wheel Pit

 2. Remote Sites

 3. Switchyard

 D. Hazardous Areas

 1. Battery Room 

 2. Oil Storage

 3. Fixed CO Protected Spaces

 4. Metal Enclosed Switchgear

 5. Tailrace and Gate Decks

 6. Remote Sites (microwave repeater

site, etc.)

 II. Electrical/Electronic Diagrams

 A. Symbols

 1. Electrical

 2. Electronic

 B. Use

III. Mechanical Prints

 A. Symbols

 B. Use
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-4

 IV. Main Generating Units

 A. Generator

 1. Main Components

 2. Rating

 3. Operations

 B. Turbine

 1. Main Components

 2. Rating

 3. Operations

 V. Fire Fighting Equipment and Alarms

 A. Types of Fires

 B. Types of Fire Fighting Equipment

 C. Alarms

 VI. Definitions

 A. Hydraulic

 B. Electrical

 C. Power

VII. Soldering Techniques

 A. Mechanical Strength

 B. Electrical Connection

 C. Selection of Materials

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

TRAINEE IB

 I. Safety and First Aid

 A. CO 2

 1. Hazards

 2. Safety Precautions

 B. Emergency breathing Equipment

 1. Type

 2. Location

 C. Protective Equipment

 1. Ear

 2. Eye

 

3. Foot

 II. Turbine and Gates

 A. Types

 1. Turbine

 2. Gates

 B. Operation

 1. Turbine

 2. Gates

 C. Construction

 
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-5

1. Gates

III. Miscellaneous Electrical

 A. Circuit Breakers

 1. Rating

 2. Operating Mechanism

 3. Control Circuits

 B. Motor Operated Disconnects

 1. Rating

 2. Operation

 3. Control Circuits

 IV. Air Systems

 A. Station Air

 1. Operating Pressure

 B. Brake Air

 1. Operating Pressure

 C. Governor Air

 1. Operating Pressure

 V. Air Compressors

 A. Cooling 

 1. Methods

 B. Systems

 1. Diagrams

 VI. CO2 System

 A. Uses and Hazards

 1. Safety Precautions

 B. Systems

 1. Generator

 2. Oil

 3. Other
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-6

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

ELECTRICIAN TRAINEE IIA AND IIB

ICS Course No. Test Titles Units

TRAINEE IIA

4410 Getting Started As An Electrician 1

6589 B Electric Power Generating Stations 1

6634 A-B Electrical Schematic Diagrams 2

2443 Going Metric 1

5567 Practical Geometry and Trigonometry 1

5004 A Benchwork - Part 1 1

3500 A Measuring Instruments 1

2469 C-E Algebra 3

5011 Elements of Chemistry (Reference Only) 1

2007 A Solid State Circuits 1

6238 A-B Industrial Accident Prevention 2

 Sub-Total 15

TRAINEE IIB

4030 A-B D-C Machines 2

6687 D-C Generators and Motors 1

2007 B-C Solid State Circuits 2

6718 B Hydraulic Turbines 1

1842 A-C Reading Architect's Blueprints 3

4031 Alternators 1

3521 A-B Drilling 2

2246 A-B Erecting 2

2542 Fasteners 1

 Sub-Total 15

TOTAL 30
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-7

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRICIAN TRAINEE IIA

 I. Clearances

 A. Protective Cards

 B. Hold Orders

 C. Placing of Protective Grounds

 II. Switching

 A. Switching Order

 B. Precautions When Switching

III. Water Systems

 A. Definitions

 B. Raw Water System

 C. Potable Water System

 IV. Direct Current Systems

 A. Description of Systems

 B. Batteries

1. Types

2. Charges

 C. Emergency Lighting

 V. Excitation Systems

 A. Description

 B. Purpose

 C. Operation
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-8

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRICIAN TRAINEE IIB

 I. Station Service

 A. Precautions 

 B. Description

 C. Operation

 II. Power Transformers

 A. Ratings

 B. Purpose

 C. Precautions

III. Governors

 A. Purpose

 B. Type

 C. Operation

1. Oil Pressure

2. PMG

3. Overspeed

 IV. Limits, Alarms, and Name Plates

 A. Load Limits

 B. Temperature Limits

1. Generators

2. Transformers

 C. Name Plate Data

1. Generators

2. Exciters

3. Transformers

 D. Annunciation

1. Description

 V. Protective Relays

 A. Description

 B. Purpose

 C. Operation
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-9

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

ELECTRICIAN TRAINEE III A AND III B

ICS Course No. Text Title Units

TRAINEE IIIA

6720 A-B Reading Shop Prints 2

40108 A-C Electricity and Magnetism 3

4040 Transformers 1

4042 Distribution and Power Transformers 1

6613 Switchgear 1

4146 A-C Electrical Measuring Instruments 3

6698 A-C Motors, Generators, and Rectifiers 1

6631 A-B A-C Motor Repair 2

4220 A-B Repairing D-C Motors and Generators 2

 Sub-Total 16

TRAINEE IIIB

4033 Fractional Horsepower Motors 1

4034 Repairing Fractional Horsepower Motors 1

6699 A-C Industrial Motor Control 2

6585 Reconnecting Induction Motors 1

6682 Electric Lamps 1

4305 Lighting Control 1

4402 A-B Conduit and Conductors 2

4300 A-C Electric Wiring 3

4343 Storage Batteries 1

 Sub-Total 14

TOTAL 30
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-10

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRICIAN TRAINEE IIIA

 I. CLEARANCE PROCEDURES

 A. This will cover every thing

pertaining to clearance procedures.

 II. TEST INSTRUMENTS

 A. Megger

1. Theory of operation

2. Where used

 B. Multimeter

1. Theory of operation

2. Where used

 C. Clamp on Ammeter

1. Theory of operation

2. Where used

 D. Other types

III. SELSYN SETS

 A. Theory of operation

 B. Where utilized

 C. Operation

 D. Maintenance

 IV. DISCONNECT SWITCHES

 A. Types

1. Manual

 a. Ratings

 b. Operation

 c. Contact Surfaces

2. Motor Operated

 a. Control Circuits

 b. Operating Mechanism

 c. Contact Surfaces

 V. INTERLOCKS

 A. Purpose and Types 

1. Generators

2. Breakers

3. Discounts

4. Metal clad switchgear

5. Control circuits (relay, etc.)

6. Governors

 VI. AIR CIRCUIT BREAKERS - 15 KV

AND 480 V

 A. Type

1. 13.8 KV ACB

 a. Operation (Prints)

 b. Inspection

 c. Maintenance

2. 480 v ACB

 a. Operation

 b. Inspection

 c. Maintenance

3. Molded Case Breakers 

 a. Tests 

 b. Overloads

 c. Maintenance

VII. POWER TRANSFORMERS

 A. Main Transformers

1. Description

2. N Blanket 2

3. Alarms

4. Cooling (number pumps,

power supply, water supply, coolers, etc.)

5. TRO's

 B. Station Service Transformers

1. Description

2. Cooling

VIII. TRIPPING TESTS

 A. Methods

 B. Safety
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-11

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRICIAN TRAINEE IIIB

 I. ANNUNCIATOR SYSTEM

 A. Components

1. Relays

2. Trouble Contacts

3. DC Supply

 B. Schematic Diagrams

 C. Maintenance

 II. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

 A. Responsibilities

 B. Purpose

 C. Record Keeping

III. ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE

 A. Insulating Materials

1. Tapes

2. Varnish

3. Others

 B. Protective Coatings

1. Varnish

2. Phenolic

 IV. FLOW METERS

 A. Operation

 B. Testing

 C. Adjustment

 D. Calibration

 E. Maintenance

 V. CODE CALL SYSTEM

 A. Description

 B. Operation

 C. Maintenance

 VI. OCB's/GCB's

 A. Description

1. Operating Mechanism

2. Bell Crank, Operating Rod,

Tail Spring, Trip Free

3. Control Circuit

4. Interrupter

5. X and Y Relays

6. Pressure Switches

 B. Maintenance

1. Inspection

2. Breaker Timer

3. Draining and Filling with 

Oil/SF6

VII. INSULATING OIL/GAS

 A. Type

 B. Where Used

 C. Purifying Insulating Oil

1. Filter Press

2. Centrifuge

 D. Insulating Oil/Gas Flow Diagram

 E. Testing of Insulating Oil/Gas

VIII. STORAGE BATTERIES

 A. Description

1. Number of Cells

2. Type of Cells

3. Maintenance 

4. How Connected

 B. Chemical Action

1. When in Normal Use

2. When Charging

3. Overcharging

4. Safety Precautions

 IX. BATTERY CHARGERS

 A. Description

1. Type

2. Characteristics

3. Power Supply

4. Capacity

 B. Control

1. How Operated

2. Control Circuit (DC/AC)
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-12

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

ELECTRICIAN TRAINEE IV-A AND IV-B

ICS Course No. Text Titles Units

TRAINEE IVA

6538 A-B Protective Relaying 2

4312 Electric Space Heating 1

2531 A-B Lubrication 2

2602 Bearings and Seals 1

5177 National Electric Code 1

4368 Voltage Regulators for Generators 1

6686 Local Distribution of Electric Power 1

5959 A-B Underground Power Systems 2

2020 Basic Electronic Components 1

and Schematics

2021 Understanding and Using 1

Electronic Diagrams

6636 Controls For Air Conditioning 1

 Sub-Total 14

TRAINEE IVB

4019 A-B Electric Power Measurements 2

4342 Efficiency Tests 1

4341 Industrial Motor Applications 1

2089 A-H Electronics in Industry 8

6617 Inductance and Capacitance 1

6235 A Inventory Control 1

 Sub-Total 14

TOTAL 28
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-13

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRICIAN TRAINEE IVA

 I. CLEARANCE PROCEDURES AND

SAFETY

 II. RELAYS

 A. Types

 B. Zone of Protection

 C. Generator

 D. Turbine

 E. Transformer

 F. Lines

III. LIGHTING ARRESTERS AND HIGH

VOLTAGE FUSES

 A. Theory of Operation

 B. Breakdown and Reseal Voltages

 C. Maintenance and Inspection

 IV. HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR

CONDITIONING

 A. Electrical Operation (Prints)

 B. Mechanical Operation (Flow

Diagrams)

 C. Maintenance

 V. POWERHOUSE CRANE

 A. Electrical

1. Source of Supply

2. Controls

3. Operation

4. Limit Switches

 V. POWERHOUSE CRANE (Cont.)

 B. Mechanical

1. Hoist

2. Cable Drums

3. Cables

 C. Capacity

1. Main Hoists

2. Auxiliary Hoists

 D. Maintenance

 VI. CARRIER CURRENT

 A. Definition

 B. How Used in Relaying
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-14

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRICIAN TRAINEE IV B

NOTE: Since this is the "topping out" examination, the study questions for phases 1A, 1B, 2A,

2B, 3A, 3B and 4A are to be included and selected questions will be asked to determine the

understanding and retention of all previous training.

 I. MAIN GENERATORS (complete)

 A. Starting, Stopping (Automatic,

Using Print)

 B. Complete Unit Description (Using

Prints)

 C. Voltage Regulation (Print)

 II. RECORDERS: TEMPERATURE,

LOAD, AND FREQUENCY

 A. Theory of operation

1. Measuring Circuits

2. Secondary Functions

 B. Maintenance

1. Adjustments

2. Cleaning

3. Calibration

III. SUPERVISORY SKILLS

 A. Planning, Organizing, Working

Knowledge of Job

 B. Performance Appraisals and Job

Description

 C. Training and Development

 IV. TELEPHONE SYSTEM

 A. Operation

 B. Maintenance

 V. SPECIALIZED SAFETY

TECHNIQUES

 A. Cleaning generators, polishing

shafts, scaffolds, ladders, safety belts, etc.

 VI. TELEMETERING

 A. Principles

 B. Types

1. Voice

2. Metering

VII. REMOTE CONTROL EQUIPMENT

 A. Principles and Features of

Operation

 B. Maintenance

VIII. LINE RELAYS AND GROUND

DETECTOR SYSTEMS

 A. Principles of Operation of Line

Relays

 B. Ground Detector Systems (AC

and DC)

 IX. MAINTENANCE OF PORTABLE

POWER TOOLS 

 A. Inspection

 B. Preventative Maintenance

 C. Recording Data

 X. GANTRY CRANE

 A. Description

 B. Operation

 C. Maintenance
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-15

 XI. INSPECTIONS

 A. Motor Control Centers

1. Breakers

2. Contractors

3. Space Heaters

4. Wiring

5. Terminal Blocks

 B. Motors

1. Windings

2. Commutators and Slip

Rings

3. Wiring

4. Insulation

 C. Generators

1. Exciters

2. Speed Switches

3. Windings

4. Surge Protection

5. ACB

 D. Recording Data

 E. Clearance Procedure
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-16

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC TRAINEE IIA AND IIB

ICS Course No. Text Titles Units

TRAINEE IIA

X0105-X0111 Practical Math and Measurements 7

X0507 Electronic Drawings 1

X0606,X0608,X0609 Industrial Materials and Components 3

XO401-X0404 Hand and Power Tools 4

A0206 Rectification and Electronic Devices 1

A0301-A0306 Electrical Measurements and Instruments 6

B0101-B0106 Electronic Measurements and Instruments 6

 Sub-Total 28

TRAINEE IIB

B0201-B0204 Reactive Circuits 4

B0301-B0306 Electronic Components 6

B0401-B0408 Basic Electronic Circuits 8

6660 Radio Communications Fundamentals 1

6491 Radio-Electronic Telemetry 1

6511 A-C Two-Way Radio Systems 3

2173 Transmitter Tests and Measurements 1

6515 Radio-Frequency Circuits 1

5801 Antennas and Radiation 1

 Sub-Total 26

TOTAL 54

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC TRAINEE IIA

 I. Clearance Procedures

 II. Hand Tools

III. Definitions - Electronic, Electrical

 IV. Diagrams - Electronic, Electrical, Telephone

 V. Power Supplies

 A. Batteries

 B. Chargers

 C. A-C Power Supplies
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13 Dec 96

G-17

 D. Rectifiers

 VI. Oscillator Circuits

VII. Test Equipment

 A. Multimeters

 B. Oscilloscope

 C. Grounding and Insulation

VIII. Radio Installation, Vehicle

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC TRAINEE IIB

 I. Radios

 A. AM

 B. FM

 C. SSB

 II. Microwave

III. Public Address Systems

 IV. Lightning Protection

 V. Test Equipment - Includes Safety

 VI. Cables - RF, Audio, Fiber Optic, Telephone

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC TRAINEE IIIA AND IIIB

ICS Course No. Text Titles Units

TRAINEE IIIA

B0501-B0508 Electronic Systems 8

B0601-B0606 Troubleshooting Electronic

Equipment and Systems 6

B0701-B0707 Pulse Circuits 7

 Sub-Total 21
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13 Dec 96

G-18

TRAINEE IIIB

B0801-B0808 Logic Circuits 8

B0901-B0906 Linear and Digital Integrated

Circuits 6

B1001-B1005 Basic Industrial Computer Systems 5

B1101-B1104 Introduction to Microprocessors 4

 Sub-Total 23

TOTAL 44

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC TRAINEE IIIA

 I. Basic Television Systems, Closed Circuit (CCTV)

 II. Alarm Systems

 A. Intrusion

 B. System Failure

III. Telephone Systems

 A. PBX

 B. Outside Lines

 C. Code Call

 IV. Preventative Maintenance

 V. Troubleshooting

 VI. Specialized Test Equipment - Includes Safety

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC TRAINEE IIIB

 I. Hydrological, Meteorological, and Water Quality Systems

 II. Carrier Current Equipment

III. Digital Techniques

 IV. Digital Test Equipment (Specialized) - Includes Safety

 V. Supervisory Controls
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-19

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC TRAINEE IVA AND IVB

ICS Course No. Text Titles Units

TRAINEE IVA

B1201-B1208 Microprocessor Applications 8

B1301-B1309 Electronic Instrumentation

and Control 9 Sub-Total 17

TRAINEE IVB

B1401-B1405 Industrial Electronic Circuit

 Applications 5

B1501-B1505 Basic Industrial Electronic

 System Applications 6

B1601-B1606 Advanced Troubleshooting

Techniques 5 Sub-Total 16

TOTAL 33

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC TRAINEE IVA

 I. Advanced Microwave Systems

 A. Radio Units

 B. Antenna and Waveguide Accessories

 C. Multiplex

 II. Test Equipment, Microwave - Includes Safety

III. Special Project Assignment

 IV. Microprocessors and Microcomputers

 V. Testing and Troubleshooting Microprocessors and

Microcomputers

 VI. Television Surveillance Systems
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-20

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC TRAINEE IVB

 I. Special Project Completion

 II. Elementary Programming and PC

III. Antennas and Towers

 IV. Supervisory Skills

 Upon completion of this phase, the oral examination will include work and study

requirements for Phase IV B and all previous work and study areas.
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-21

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

MECHANIC TRAINEE IIA AND IIB

ICS Course No. Text Titles Units

TRAINEE IA

 6718 B Hydraulic Turbines 1

 6634 A-B Electrical Schematic Diagrams 2

 2443 Going Metric 1

 5567 Practical Geometry and Trigonometry 1

 5004 A Benchwork - Part 1 1

 3500 A Measuring Instruments 1

 2469 C-E Algebra 3

 6687 D. C. Generators and Motors 1

 5011 Elements of Chemistry (Reference Only) 1

 6238 A-B Industrial Accident Prevention 2

 Sub-Total 14

TRAINEE IIB

 1842 A-C Reading Architect's Blueprints 3

 6718 C Hydraulic Turbines 1

 5023 Fundamentals of Grinding 1

 6151 Fundamentals of Welding 1

 6152 A-B Practical Metallurgy for Welders 2

 3521 A-B Drilling 2

 2246 A-B Erecting 2

 2542 Fasteners 1

 6720 A-B Reading Shop Prints 2

 Sub-Total 15

TOTAL 29

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

MECHANIC TRAINEE IIA

 I. Clearances

 A. Protective Cards

 B. Hold Orders

 C. Placing of Protective Grounds

 II. Switching

 A. Switching Order

 B. Precautions When Switching

III. Water Systems

 A. Definitions

 B. Raw Water System

 C. Potable Water System
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G-22

 IV. Direct Current Systems

 A. Description of Systems

 B. Batteries

1. Types

2. Chargers

 C. Emergency Lighting

 V. Excitation Systems

 A. Description

 B. Purpose

 C. Operation

 VI. Oil Systems

 A. Uses

 B. Systems

 C. Purification

 E. Storage

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

MECHANIC TRAINEE IIB

 I. Station Service

 A. Precautions

 B. Description

 C. Operation

 II. Power Transformers

 A. Ratings

 B. Purpose

 C. Precautions

III. Governors

 A. Purpose

 B. Type

 C. Operation

1. Oil Pressures

2. PMG

3. Overspeed

 IV. Limits, Alarms, and Name Plates

 A. Load Limits

1. Generator

2. Turbine

 B. Temperature Limits

1. Generators

2. Transformers

3. Turbines

 C. Name Plate Data

1. Generators

2. Exciters

3. Transformers

4. Turbines

 D. Annunciation

1. Purpose

2. Description

 V. Protective Relays

 A. Description

 B. Purpose

 C. Operation
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-23

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

POWER PLANT MECHANIC, TRAINEE IIIA AND IIIB

ICS Course No. Text Titles Units

TRAINEE IIIA

 6154 Safety in Welding and Cutting 1

 6274 A-C Arc Welding Equipment 3

 3536 A-B Arc Welding Techniques 2

 5250 Arc Welding of Alloy Steels and Iron 1

 5249 A-B Arc Welding of Low Carbon Steel 2

 5160 Inspection and Testing of Welds 1

 2582 A-B Heat 2

 2531 A-B Lubrication 2

 Sub-Total 14

TRAINEE IIIB

 2626 A-B Air Compressors 2

 5568 B Bench Work - Part 2 1

 3074 A-B Roofing 2

 4502 Drainage Systems 1

 6732 Reading Pipe Prints 1

 5602 A-C Carpentry 3

 5887 Properties of Materials 1

 6447 A-B Principles of Heating, 2

Ventilating, and Air Conditioning

 6084 A-B Air Conditioning Systems 2

 Sub-Total 15

TOTAL 29

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

MECHANIC IIIA

 I. Safety

 A. Operation of Equipment

1. Grinder

2. Lathe

3. Welder

 II. Turbines
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G-24

 A. Type

 B. Lubrication

1. Wicket Gates

2. Automatic System

 C. Operation

1. Shear Pin

2. Vacuum Breakers

 D. Cavitation

1. Causes

2. Methods of Repair

 a. Surface Preparation

 b. Welding Procedures

 c. Grinding Procedures

3. Safety

III. Bearings

 A. Generator

1. Thrust

2. Guide

 B. Turbine - Guide

 C. Lubrication Systems

 D. Operation - Temperature Limits

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

MECHANIC IIIB

 I. Governor

 A. Type

 B. Construction

 C. Method of Operation

1. PMG

2. Compressor

3. Overspeed Mechanism

4. Oil System

5. Pilot Valve

6. Speed Droop Mechanism

 II. Air Conditioning, Heating and Ventilating Equipment

 A. Operation and Control

1. Winter

2. Summer

 B. Maintenance

III. Air Compressors

 A. Generator Brake System
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G-25

 B. Station Air System Compressors

1. Cooling

2. Lubrication

 C. Unloader Valves

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

POWER PLANT MECHANIC, TRAINEE IVA AND IVB

ICS Course No. Text Titles Units

TRAINEE IVA

 2602 Bearings and Seals 1

 2530 A-B Pumps 2

 5389 Tanks and Pumps 1

 5581 Pipe-fitting Practices 1

 6463 Plumbing and Pipe-fitting Tools 1

 5886 Pipes and Fittings 1

 6814 Insulation for Pipe Fitting 1

 6272 Gas Welding Equipment 1

 6276 A-C Gas Welding Techniques 3

 6275 A-B Gas Cutting 2

 5348 Grinding Practice 1

 Sub-Total 15

TRAINEE IVB

 3520 A-E Lathes 5

 5459 A Fluid Mechanics 1

 2243 Gear Calculations 1

 2606 Mechanical Power Transmission 1

 6259 A-F Rigging 6

 6235 Inventory Control 1

 Sub-Total 15

TOTAL 30

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

MECHANIC IVA

 I. Clearance Procedures

 II. Pumps and Pipe - Fitting in Plant

 A. Types of Pumps

 B. Operating Principles

 C. Pressure Terms
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13 Dec 96

G-26

 D. Pipe Systems

III. Safety and First Aid

 A. Hazards from Painting and Cleaning

 B. CO Hazards 2

 C. Emergency Breathing Equipment

 IV. Welding

 A. Types

 B. Methods

 C. Safety

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

MECHANIC TRAINEE IVB

Since this is the "topping out" examination, the study questions for IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA,

IVB, and IVA are to be included. Selected questions will be added to this examination to

determine the understanding and retention by the trainee of all previous training areas.

 I. Water Systems

 A. Unwatering Systems

 B. Generator Cooling System

 C. Water Treatment System

 II. Sewage Treatment

 A. Type

 B. Operation

 C. Maintenance

III. Supervisory Skills

 A. Record Keeping

 B. Planning

 C. Responsibilities

 IV. Machine Shop

 A. Components of Shops

 B. Safety Precautions

 V. Elements of Rigging

 A. Splicing, Seizing, and Whipping

 B. Precautions

1. Safe Loads

2. Stress in Slings

 C. Block and Tackle

1. Advantages

2. Disadvantages

 D. Definitions

 VI. Miscellaneous Electrical and Mechanical
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-27

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

OPERATOR TRAINEE IIA AND IIB

ICS Course No. Text Titles Units

TRAINEE IIA

6718 B Hydraulic Turbines 1

6589 B Electric Power Generating Stations 1

6634 A-B Electrical Schematic Diagrams

2443 Going Metric 1

5567 Practical Geometry and Trigonometry 1

5004 A Benchwork - Part 1 1

3500 A Measuring Instruments 1

2469 C-E Algebra 3

5011 Elements of Chemistry (Reference Only) 1

2007 A Solid State Circuits 1

6238 A-B Industrial Accident Prevention 2

 Sub-Total 15

TRAINEE IIB

4030 A-B D-C Machines 2

6687 D.C. Generators and Motors 1

2007 B-C Solid State Circuits 1

6718 C Hydraulic Turbines 1

1842 A-C Reading Architect's Blueprints 3

4031 Alternators 1

3521 A-B Drilling 2

2246 A-B Erecting 2

2542 Fasteners 1

 Sub-Total 15

TOTAL 30

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

OPERATOR TRAINEE IIA

 I. Clearance

 A. Protective Cards

 B. Hold Orders

 C. Placing of Protective Grounds

 II. Switching
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-28

 A. Switching Order

 B. Precautions When Switching

III. Water Systems

 A. Definitions

 B. Raw Water System

 C. Potable Water System

 IV. Direct Current Systems

 A. Description of Systems

 B. Batteries

1. Types

2. Chargers

 C. Emergency Lighting

 V. Excitation Systems

 A. Description

 B. Purpose

 C. Operation

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

OPERATOR TRAINEE IIB

 I. Station Service

 A. Precautions

 B. Description 

 C. Operation

 II. Power Transformers

 A. Ratings

 B. Purpose

 C. Precautions

III. Governors

 A. Purpose

 B. Type

 C. Operation

1. Oil Pressures

2. PMG 

3. Overspeed

 IV. Limits, Alarms, and Name Plates

 A. Load Limits

 B. Temperature Limits

1. Generators

2. Transformers

 C. Name Place Data

1. Generators

2. Exciters

3. Transformers

 D. Annunciation

1. Description

 V. Protective Relays

A. Description

B. Purpose

C. Operation
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-29

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

OPERATOR TRAINEE IIIA AND IIIB

ICS Course No. Text Title Units

TRAINEE IIIA

6720 A-B Reading Shop Prints 1

4018 A Principles of A-C Circuits 1

4040 Transformers 1

4041 Transformer Operation 1

4042 Distribution and Power Transformers 1

6613 Switchgear 1

4146 A Electrical Measuring Instruments 1

6698 A-C Motors, Generators, and Rectifiers 1

2582 A-B Heat 2

2531 A-B Lubrication 2

6617 Inductance and Capacitance 1

 Sub-Total 14

 TRAINEE IIIB

6699 A-C Industrial Motor Control 3

4358 Transmission Lines 1

4032 Alternating Current Motors 1

5887 Properties of Materials 1

5254 Logarithms 1

6732 Reading Pipe Prints 1

2626 A-B Air Compressors 2

2131 A-B Digital Methods and Components 2

5019 Fluid Flow 1

6308 A-B Fluid Flow and Control 2

Instruments Sub-Total 15

TOTAL 29

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

OPERATOR IIIA

 I. CLEARANCE PROCEDURES

 A. Complete Review of Clearance

Procedures

 II. WATER SYSTEMS

 A. Raw Water Uses

 B. Unwatering System
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G-30

 C. Treated Water Purification System

III. SELSYN SETS

 A. Description

 B. Location

 C. Operation

 IV. DISCONNECT SWITCHES

 A. Rating

 B. Operation Safety Precautions

 C. Maintenance

 V. INTERLOCKS

 A. Purpose and Types for:

1. Generators

2. Breakers

3. Disconnects

4. Metal Clad Switchgear

5. Control Circuits (Relay,

etc.)

6. Governors

 VI. ACB's

 A. Ratings

 B. Operation 

 C. Maintenance

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

OPERATOR TRAINEE IIIB

 I. POWER TRANSFORMERS

 A. Description

1. N Blanket 2

2. Cooling Systems

3. Alarms

 II. INSTRUMENTS AND METERING

 A. Purpose and Operation

1. Tachometers

2. Voltmeters

3. Synchroscope

4. Oscillograph

5. Clocks

III. FLOWMETERS

 A. Type

 B. Operation

 C. Maintenance

 IV. EXCITATION SYSTEM
EP 1130-2-510

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G-31

 A. Excitation System Description

1. Type

2. Capacity

 B. Generator Field Circuit

1. Field Discharge Resistor

2. Field Breaker

 C. Pilot Exciter (Some Plants)

 V. CODE CALL SYSTEM AND

ALARMS

 A. Review System and Operation

 VI. OCB's/GCB's

 A. Description

1. Control Circuit

2. Operating Mechanism 

 B. Operation

 C. Maintenance

1. Breaker Time

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

OPERATOR TRAINEE IVA AND IVB

ICS Course No. Test Title Units

TRAINEE IVA

4502 Drainage System 1

4305 Lighting Control 1

4343 Storage Batteries 1

4368 Voltage Regulators for Generators 1

6538 A-B Protective Relaying 2

4048 Telemetering 1

46793 Instrument Transformers 1

4019 A-B Electric Power Measurements 2

6686 Local Distribution of Electric Power 1

2020 Basic Electronic Components and 

Schematics 1

2021 Understanding and Using Electronic 

Diagrams 1

4342 Efficiency Tests 1

 Sub-Total 15

TRAINEE IVB

4341 Industrial Motor Application 1

6590 A-B Electric Power Substations 2

2089 A-H Electronics in Industry 8

6235 A Inventory Control 1

6617 Inductance and Capacitance 1

6447 A-B Principles of HVAC 2

 Sub-Total 15

TOTAL 30
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-32

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

OPERATOR IVA

 I. CLEARANCE PROCEDURES AND

SAFETY

 A. Review of Clearance Procedures

and Safety

 II. STORAGE BATTERIES AND

CHARGES

 A. Storage Battery

1. Type

2. Safety

3. Chemical Action

 B. Battery Charger

1. Type

2. Source of Power

3. Trace DC Circuit on

Drawing

III. GENERATOR VOLTAGE

REGULATOR

 A. Type

 B. Components

 C. Operation

 D. Control

 IV. RELAYS

 A. Types

1. Differential

2. Overcurrent

3. Distance Relays

4. Directional 

V. LIGHTING ARRESTERS AND HIGH

VOLTAGE FUSES

 A. Description

 B. Rating

VI. AIR CONDITIONING, HEATING AND

VENTILATING EQUIPMENT

 A. Description

 B. Operation

1. Winter

2. Summer

 C. Maintenance

VII. GOVERNORS

 A. Purpose and Operation

 B. Operation

1. Echelon Control

2. Permanent Magnet

Generator

3. Fly Ball Motor

4. Compensation Cable

5. Shutdown Solenoid

6. Speed Droop
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

G-33

PLANT EQUIPMENT STUDY OUTLINE

OPERATOR TRAINEE IVB

NOTE: Since this is the "topping out" examination, the study questions for phases 1A, 1B, 2A,

2B, 3A, 3B and 4A are to be included and selected questions will be asked to determine the

understanding and retention of all previous training.

 I. CARRIER CURRENT

 A. Purpose

 B. Components

 C. Operations

 D. Testing

 II. MAIN GENERATOR UNITS

 A. Description

1. Generator

2. Turbine

 B. Operation

1. Starting, Stopping and

Loading using a Schematic

III. LOAD, FREQUENCY AND

TEMPERATURE RECORDS

 A. Purpose

 B. Operation

1. Generator Field

Temperature Recorders

2. Frequency

3. Stator and Transformer

Temperature

 IV. ANNUNCIATION SYSTEM

 A. Components

1. Relays

2. Trouble Contacts

3. DC Supply

 B. Schematic Diagrams

 C. Maintenance

 V. SUPERVISORY SKILLS

 A. Preventative Maintenance

Program

 B. Responsibilities Toward Training

 VI. TELEMETERING AND REMOTE

CONTROL

 A. Purpose

VII. LINE RELAYS AND GROUND

DETECTOR SYSTEMS

 A. Line Relays

1. Zones and Protection

 B. Bus Relays

1. Differential

2. Ground

 C. DC Bus

1. Ground Detector

VIII. STATION SERVICE
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

H-1

APPENDIX H

TRAINING ACCOMPLISHMENTS 

A trainee, on completion of a 4-year of training program, should have the knowledge and handson skills in his/her trade as mentioned below: 

H-1. ELECTRICIAN.

a. KNOWLEDGE

(1) Electrical Equipment. Familiar with theory, and working of various components of

electrical machinery - windings, commutators, slip rings, wiring, insulation, power control circuits

and other associated equipment. Must be capable of understanding electrical schematic diagrams

and solid state circuits. Must be familiar with the principles of operation of protective relays,

ground detection systems, remote control systems, excitation systems, measuring instruments,

rectifiers, control circuits for motor operated disconnects, air circuit breakers, oil circuit breakers,

transformers - power, potential & current, excitation systems, lighting arresters and H.V.

arresters. Be familiar with National Electrical Code and its application and conformance to all

jobs.

(2) Mechanical Equipment. Be familiar with the operating principles of hydraulic

turbines, governors, water and oil pumps, lubrication systems, gantry cranes, heating, ventilating

and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, and other auxiliaries such as fishways and spillway

machinery. 

b. SKILLS

(1) Main Generator. Must be able to assemble/disassemble, repair and maintenance all

components of the generator. Be familiar with the capacity, voltage and continuous output rating

of the generator. Be able to start and stop the generator and set the reactive power before

opening the generator breaker. Know operating and temperature limits of different components

of the generator and adjust annunciation systems accordingly.

(2) Voltage Regulator. By using schematic diagram, be able to describe operation of

voltage regulator (VR) and adjustments to system voltage. Know source of electric supply to

VR, purpose and use of voltage adjusting rheostat and voltage regulator transfer switch.

(3) Exciter. Must know winding arrangements of pilot and main exciters, both rotating

and solid state, and methods to control excitation current, purpose of excitation protective relays

and how they are connected. Be able to draw a simple diagram showing the excitation system and

generator field circuits.

(4) Transformer. Be familiar with all types of transformers (power, potential & current),

function of transformers, winding arrangements, cooling arrangements, and control circuits. Be

able to draw single line diagram and indicate various components of transformers and the way

they are connected.
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13 Dec 96

H-2

(5) Circuit Breakers. Be familiar with air and oil circuit breakers, the operating

mechanism including arc extinction, D-C control circuits, breaker timer, and ratings.

(6) Protective Relays. Know different types of relays in the power plant, purpose of these

relays and their operating and control mechanism, and resetting procedures. 

(7) Disconnect Switches. Know operation of manual and motor operated disconnect

(MOD) switches. Know the control circuit and key interlocks for MOD switches. 

(8) Electrical Measuring Instruments. Must know all electrical measuring and test

instruments, what they measure and when and where they are used.

(9) Turbine Governor. Be familiar with the operation of the turbine governor, understand

the purpose of the speed sensing device of the governor to include maintenance and repair, and

the speed setting of the governor. Be able to adjust limit switches, speed switches, and speed

adjust motors. 

(10) Air Conditioning, Heating, and ventilating Equipment. Know the working of main

air handling unit and temperature control mechanism. 

(11) Repair and Maintenance. Must know and recognize components of all electrical

equipment in the powerhouse, be able to carry out inspections of all electrical equipment,

disassemble and assemble them, repair, test, maintain, and where needed sent them for shop

repairs outside the powerhouse. Be able to install rigid conduit, and pull wire and cable as

necessary. Be able to record appropriate test data for comparison with future inspections and be

able to calculate the rate of deterioration of equipment particularly insulation. Should be able to

accomplish tripping tests during periodic inspections and routine maintenance. Be able to

maintain and repair all annunciation systems. 

(12) Safety and Clearances. Be able to work on all high/low voltage equipment without

any harm to self or to others. Understand clearance purpose and procedure, recognize all

protective cards, their purpose and use. Be able to clear out all electrical equipment and return

them to service.

H-2. ELECTRONICS MECHANIC.

a. KNOWLEDGE

(1) Electronics and Electricity. Must know principles of electronics and electricity -

resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, frequency bands, frequency resonance (parallel

and series), rectification/inverting, voltage divider, gates, power supplies and charges, oscillator

circuit, modulation, microwave transmitters and receivers, microwave channels, public address

system, cables (Audio, Fiber Optic, Telephone etc.), basic television systems, radios (AM, FM &

SSB), alarm systems (intrusion and system failure), microprocessors and microcomputers;

multimeters/meters; relays and oscilloscopes.

(2) Miscellaneous. Be familiar with the working principles of electrical/mechanical

equipment in the power plant such as electric generators/motors, pilot and main exciters,

hydraulic turbines and governors, safety regulations and safe clearances procedures.
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

H-3

b. SKILLS

(1) Elementary Programming and Personal Computers. Be familiar with the standard

software programs used in the power plant system. Be able to access and exit from these

software packages. Be able to connect personal computers (PCS) together locally and remotely. 

Be able to use advanced and diagnostic software, including special applications. 

(2) Antennas and Towers. Be able to calculate and check SWR or reflective power on

antennas. Be able to establish a base station or a mobile unit with proper type of coax cable and

antenna for a simplex/duplex system. Must be familiar with safety precautions to be taken and

protective equipment required while working on or around the tower.

(3) Clearance Procedures. Must know who can authorize, issue, hold, and release a

clearance. Know the proper use of Hold and Caution cards in the electronic, and lockout

procedures. Know the safety requirements when working at a remote location performing

routine, preventive, or breakdown maintenance. Know the electronics and electric circuitry in the

powerhouse.

(4) Hand Tools. Know the purpose and use of the various air and electric tools and

equipment such as soldering and de-soldering equipment, pencils, guns, wicks and suction; chassis

punches; drills/taps; rivet tools; board pulling, insertion and cleaning; chip puller; transistors; radio

components; cable connectors; wire wrap gun; shirk tubes/heat guns and other tools in the

electronic shop. Be able to establish and check grounding for power tools.

(5) Oscillator Circuits. Be able to select and gather material for an oscillator circuit. Be

able to build chassis , mount components, connect oscillators and test points for testing input and

output.

(6) Test Equipment. Must be able to use multimeters that test more than one electrical

quantity and measure values. Be able to connect leads, set switches and controls, and know the

safety requirements when using these meters. Be able to use oscilloscope and interpret the screen

display relating to voltage, frequency, distortion, and noise. Be able to use other test equipment

such as digital storage oscilloscope, digital analyzer, logic probe, pulser, etc.

(7) Radio Installation, Vehicle. Be able to install a radio on a vehicle, know the location

of different components to be installed in the vehicle, know the types of antennas used for

different types of radios - mobile, portable, base, and repeater; be able to check and set

modulation, and adjust frequency.

(8) Microwave Channel. Be able to establish a microwave channel. Know the channel

capability of the microwave system, output amplifier, antenna, space diversity, frequency

diversity, passive repeaters, base band measurements, type of tuned circuits used in the

microwave frequency range, klystron, magnetron, and level settings for a two-wire and a fourwire circuit.

(9) Basic Television Systems, Closed Circuit TV. Know the operation of television

surveillance systems, closed circuit TV, cameras and monitors. 

(10) Alarm Systems. Be familiar with the various alarm systems mainly intrusion and

system failure in the powerhouse. Know what systems have failure alarms, what and where are 
EP 1130-2-510

13 Dec 96

H-4

the detection devices located that set off a failure alarm. Know the intrusion systems and the

locations of detection devices that set off alarms and the actions to be taken when an alarm is

actuated.

(11) Supervisory Controls. Must be familiar with the Supervisory Control and Data

Acquisition (SCADA) system, communication links, modems, printers, storage devices,

synchronous and asynchoronous controllers, microprocessors and microcomputers, software and

hardware, assembler and compiler, RAM and ROM; and all event recording systems which are

essential for production and control of electric power and flood control. 

(12) Testing and Trouble Shooting. Be able to trace trouble points with the help of test

equipment and prepare reports, as needed on the faulty equipment. 

(13) Maintenance and Repair of Electronic Equipment. Be able to maintains in good

working condition all shop and field electronic equipment by timely repair, test and calibration. 

Maintain maintenance records for individual equipment.

H-3. MECHANIC.

a. KNOWLEDGE

(1) Mechanical Equipment. Know working principles and components of all mechanical

machinery and equipment in the powerhouse. It includes hydraulic turbines, governors, cooling

systems, air compressors, pumps - water, lubricating; heating, ventilating and air conditioning

(HVAC) systems; flood gates, cranes and hoists, machinery in machine shop, acetylene and

electric welding equipment.

(2) Electrical Equipment. Know basic principles of electrical machinery, generator - rotor

& stator, pilot & main exciters, transformers, circuit breakers, disconnects, and annunciation

systems.

b. SKILLS

(1) Hydraulic Turbines. Know and recognize all components of turbines installed in the

powerhouse, types of lubricants and the method to lubricate various components such as wicket

gates, arms and operating ring. Be able to disassemble, repair, and assemble packing glands. 

Know location and type of temperature detectors used in the turbine guide, generator guide and

generator thrust bearing, their maximum safe operating temperature, cooling systems, and

corrective actions if the temperature exceeds those limits. Understand oil flow systems e.g., high

lift systems for thrust bearing. 

(2) Governors. Know all components of the governor and how they influence operation

of the turbine. Know the construction and operation of the generator overspeed mechanism, ratio

of speed between flyballs and main shaft, control mechanism of main valve and pilot valve, and

opening and closing of wicket gates. Be familiar with the pressure range of the governor, gate

limit device, shutdown solenoid, governor oil pumps and method of priming them, speed droop

mechanism, function of the compensating mechanism, main relay valve, float operated valve in the

governor oil pressure tank, and corrective action to restore a unit to service following a low oil

pressure shutdown.
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(3) Air Compressors. Be familiar with the working, control, and lubrication of station air

compressor and governor air compressor. Know the operating pressure of the generator brake

system, be able to jack a unit and return the brakes to normal. Know the tail water depression

system, its components and operation. 

(4) Heating, ventilating and air conditioning. Be familiar with the air treatment systems,

their location in the powerhouse and areas they furnish treated air; working of air conditioning

unit and water chilling unit; filtering system used for the ventilating fans; operation and purpose of

the heaters used in the generator housing and the generator air cooling system.

(5) Pumps and Pipe-fitting. Know location, purpose, components and operation of all

pumps in the powerhouse, use of different types of valves, installation of packing rings, making

screwed pipe joints and incidental repair/maintenance work involved with pumps and pipes.

(6) Machine Shop. Know all machinery in the Machine Shop, its operation and use. Be

able to accomplish jobs on the lathe, band saw, drill press, milling machine, and other machinery.

(7) Welding. Know the use of acetylene and electric welding equipment, use of flux in

welding and purpose of wearing a shield when welding. Be able to repair/weld cavitation damage

in addition to other common jobs.

(8) Water Systems. Be familiar with the various water systems used in the power plant,

such as raw water system, turbine unwatering system, generator stator cooling system, generator

and turbine bearing cooling systems, water purification and sewage treatment systems. Be able to

operate and maintain these systems.

(9) Fire Fighting Equipment. Know types of fires and the equipment and chemicals

required to extinguish each type. Be aware of precautions to be taken for safety to human life

when using fire extinguisher, and procedure for reporting fire alarms in the powerhouse.

(10) Safety and Clearance Procedure. Must be familiar with the safety rules and

regulations pertaining to power plants and be able to take adequate precautions while working on

different jobs such as welding, grinding, cleaning generator shaft with the unit in motion, working

in the wheel pit of a machine, painting or cleaning with paint thinning solutions, and use of

breathing equipment. Know the precautions to be taken to avoid contact with the live electric

current. Recognize safety hazards of moving equipment; compressed air, gas, and liquids; electric

shocks; flying particles, dust, dirt and fumes; and working in contained spaces. Know and

recognize all clearance cards and purpose of each card, responsibilities of the person receiving a

clearance, and actions for clearing in and clearing out. Understand why it is necessary to follow a

switching order in the exact order in which it is written.

(11) Elements of Rigging. Understand and be able to accomplish things like splicing and

seizing hemp and wire ropes. Be able to handle and use wire ropes in a safe manner, determine the

safe load capacity of a hook, mechanical advantage of block and tackle in handling heavy loads,

use of shackles and rope clips and their applications. Should be able to define and use choker,

double-bridge slings, thimble, open and closed sockets, and spelter sockets.

(12) Maintenance and Repair of Mechanical Equipment. Be able to maintain, repair,

adjust, and lubricate mechanical features of generators and motors, turbines and pumps, 
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governors, overhead or gantry cranes, high pressure CO2 systems, HVAC systems, elevators,

sluices and spillway gate hoists with cables or chains, machine shop tools, water treatment and

waste disposal plants, oil storage and purification systems, automatic and manual fire

extinguishing equipment; mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic controls, and other mechanical

features of the power project. Must be able to diagnose mechanical failures of equipment and

perform repairs as needed on all mechanical operating equipment of the powerhouse, dam, and

intake structures. Be able to test repaired equipment to assure proper performance. 

H-4. OPERATOR.

a. KNOWLEDGE 

(1) Electrical Equipment. Be familiar with the working principles of AC and DC motors

and generators, exciters, voltage regulators, circuit breakers, transformers, switches, and relays. 

(2) Mechanical Equipment. Be familiar with the working principles of water turbines,

governors, water and air pumps, lubrication systems, heating and cooling systems. Be familiar

with the structural and mechanical features of dam, intake structures, and spillways.

b. SKILLS 

(1) Hydropower Unit. Able to start and connect a unit to the power system, know setting

of reactive power and actions to be taken to control runaway speed of the unit. Be able to

coordinate operation of power plant and dam to satisfy flood control, stream flow, power contract

commitments, and other requirements. Be able to take appropriate actions to restore power after

interruptions, remove faulty equipment from service, and provide computer input and update of

all data associated with the operation of the generating units. 

(2) Generator. Know and recognize all components of the generator, its rating and

operating and maximum temperature limits.

(3) Exciter. Be able to control and monitor pilot and main exciters.

(4) Voltage Regulator. Know components and working of various kinds of voltage

regulators and be able to control voltage through the use of voltage rheostat.

(5) Transformers. Know and recognize all types of transformers - power, potential and

current. Recognize alarms on transformers, what causes them and actions to be taken on

receiving the alarms.

(6) Circuit Breakers. Understand control circuits, and be able to operate all circuit

breakers - oil & air, by remote or manual control.

(7) Relays. Know all relays used in power plant, reasons for relay trips and how to reset

them.

(8) Disconnect Switches. Be able to operate all switches - motor operated or manual,

without harm to self or others.
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H-7

(9) Turbines. Be familiar with different types of turbines, and be able to operate servo

motors, wicket gates, and other auxiliaries.

(10) Governors. Be familiar with various components of the governor - actuator, pumps,

permanent magnet generator, and corrective actions on low generator oil pressures.

(11) Interlocks. Be able to accomplish electrical and mechanical interlocks pertaining to

generators, circuit breakers, disconnect switches, metal clad switchgear, relays and governors.

(12) Instruments and metering. Know purpose and use of all meters and be able to read

them correctly.

(13) Annunciation Systems. Know types and main features of all annunciation systems

and actions to be taken on receiving an annunciation. Know what each alarm means and where

the individual alarm reading units are. Be able to recognize degree of urgency to each alarm and

allocate resources and attention accordingly. 

(14) Clearance Procedure. Be able to issue clearances both electrical and mechanical on

all major equipment under the "Safety Clearance Procedure" ER 385-1-31. Know the purpose

and use of protective card - when and where, and procedure for clearing out. Be able to use

electrical and mechanical drawings in the performance of switching and operating procedures.

(15) Water Systems. Know all water systems in the power plant - raw water, potable

water, unit unwatering system, generator stator coils and bearing cooling water systems. 

(16) Storage Batteries and Charges. Know type of storage batteries and charges in the

powerhouse, D-C circuits and how batteries are connected to the D-C bus.

(17) Heating and Ventilating Systems. Know how to operate heating and ventilating

systems and control the temperature. 

(18) Station Service. Know both AC and DC systems for normal and emergency source

of power, and operation and utilization of emergency power.

(19) Record Keeping. Be able to prepare records such as daily log of important events,

periodic summaries of water control operations, pool and tailwater elevations, energy and

capacity deliveries, weather, equipment failures, outage and operating time. Be able to calculate

from tables and meters the water inflow, water discharge through turbines and gates, and

reservoir volume. 
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APPENDIX I

TRAINING RECORDS
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I-3
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I-4
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I-5
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I-6
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APPENDIX J

CERTIFICATE OF TRAINING (DA FORM 87)
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APPENDIX K

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

K-1. Generator:

(a) Manufacturer

(b) Date placed in 

commercial service

(c) Type and age of 

present winding 

insulation

(d) Rating (MVA and power 

factor):

 (I) Nameplate

 ii) Overload

 capacity

(e) Shaft data:

 I) Inside diameter

(ii) Outside 

 diameter

(iii) Material

(iv) Forged or 

 fabricated

 (v) Stress

(f) Impedance

(g) Field current at 

rated load

(h) Flywheel effect (WR )2

K-2. Turbine:

(a) Type

(b) Rating (HP and head)

(c) Shaft data:

 (I) Inside diameter

(ii) Outside 

 diameter

(iii) Material

(iv) Stress

(d) Cavitation

limitations

(e) Flywheel effect (WR )2

K-3. Transformer:

(a) Manufacturer

(b) Class (OA/FOA, FOA, 

FOW)

(c) Rating (MVA, voltage, 

impedance)

(d) Number of connected 

units

K-4. Excitation Equipment:

(a) Manufacturer

(b) Type:

(I) Rotating

(ii) Static

(c) Nominal voltage 

rating

(d) Continuous current 

rating

K-5. Governor

(a) Manufacturer

(b) Rating, lbs. - ft.
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K-2

(c) Type (Electronic or 

mechanical)

K-6. Generator Circuit Breaker:

(a) Manufacturer

(b) Type

(c) Rated maximum voltage

(d) Rated continuous 

current

(e) Rated short circuit 

current and 

interrupting capacity

K-7. Buses:

(a) Manufacturer

(b) Type

(c) Rated maximum voltage

(d) Rated continuous 

current

(e) Rated momentary 

current

K-8. Penstocks, Water Passages and Other

Considerations:
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L-1

APPENDIX L

EVALUATION ITEMS

L-1. Units in plant:

(a) Total number

(b) Number of units with 

similar windings

L-2. Operating conditions:

(a) Overload

(b) Temperature

(c) Peaking, base loaded, 

condensing, or other

(d) Starts per month 

(other cycling modes)

(e) Age

(f) Hours of operation

L-3. Winding conditions:

(a) Visual inspection 

results

(b) Stator electrical tests (significant

tests supporting the recommended course of

action)

L-4. History:

(a) Non-routine 

maintenance performed

(b) Failures and 

resolution

L-5. Experience with similar windings

L-6. Confidence in original 

installation

L-7. Economic justification: (See Appendix

C)

L-8. Letter of Support and/or Marketability

for PMA

L-9. Potential Environmental Issues
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M-1

APPENDIX M

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS GUIDANCE

It is not intended that a Major Rehabilitation Evaluation Report be prepared for each

rewind project. The level of detail should be commensurate with the complexity of the project. 

The analysis should draw on the basic framework outlined in the current "Guidance for Major

Rehabilitation Projects."

M-1. General. Economic evaluations for rewind letter reports should be conducted in

accordance with the analytic requirements for Major Rehabilitation Evaluation Reports (see ER

1130-2-500, Chapter 3). This methodology combines estimated equipment reliability, the

probability of unsatisfactory performance (failure), and the physical and economic consequences

of failure, in computing the life cycle costs of the alternatives being considered. While major

rehabilitation proposals may be expensive and require significant analysis to support a

recommendation, generator rewinds are limited in scope and cost. Therefore, the analysis to

support rewind recommendations, should be limited.

M-2. Requirements. For a forced rewind (see Chapter 6 of ER 1130-2-510, Hydroelectric Power

Operations and Maintenance Policies), the letter of support from the Power Marketing Agency, is

sufficient justification for the proposed action and an economic analysis is not needed. For all

other rewind proposals, the economic rewind study requirements are listed below.

a. Development of the Base Condition. The base condition is the alternative to which all

other plans will be measured against. The following items should be considered in the

development of the base condition.

(1) Assume that the project will be operated in the most efficient manner possible in the

absence of the proposed rewind. If the project benefit stream is interrupted due to unsatisfactory

feature (generator) performance, assume that funds will be made available to fix the feature.

(2) The timing, frequency and physical consequences of system disruptions are all

unknown and must be estimated. The costs and durations of prior failures is important and useful

information in estimating economic consequences and in establishing a pattern of failures. This

information should be available from the Hydroelectric Design Center and District Operations

personnel.

(3) Assumptions should be reasonable and clearly stated. Rely on available data where

possible.

(4) The potential for minor failures (a repairable outage of short duration) should be

considered in addition to failures that require a full generator rewind.

(5) The units use and availability must be considered relative to other units at the specific

project. Plant factors and operational characteristics (peaking versus base load) will impact the

economic value of replacement.

b. Alternatives. Only a limited number of alternatives need to be addressed for rewind

letter reports. Alternatives (3) and (4) have very limited application.
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M-2

(1) Rewind In-Kind. This alternative consists of a scheduled acquisition and installation

of a new generator winding.

(2) Rewind with Uprate. For reports where uprating of the winding is being considered

(i.e. a non-incidental increase in the nameplate capacity) the analysis must demonstrate that the

additional benefits of the uprate exceed the additional costs (incremental justification).

(3) Purchase Spare winding. In this alternative, a spare winding is acquired. Installation

of the winding occurs only when the unit fails and can no longer be repaired. This alternative

limits expenditures in the budget year, and minimizes unit outage time when failure occurs, and

unit rewind is required.

(4) Combinations. If more than one unit at a plant is being considered for rewind,

combinations of rewinds and spares should be evaluated.

{5) Exclusions. While the following alternatives are considered in Major Rehabilitation

Reports, they do not need to be evaluated for rewind letter reports.

(a) Increased Maintenance. In most cases, increased or more frequent maintenance of

generator windings will not extend the useful life and need not be considered as an alternative.

(b) Optimal Timing for Implementation. Optimization of implementation timing does not

need to be addressed; only the budget year(s) under consideration need to be evaluated.

c. NED Values. Lost hydropower production due to Scheduled and unscheduled outages

should be evaluated using NED-based economic losses (not revenues). Lost energy production,

should, therefore, be evaluated as the avoided cost of generation using a system production cost

model such as PWRSYM or PC-SAM. The report should explain how such losses have been

estimated and the methodology and model(s) employed to determine NED-based unit values of

energy and capacity.

M-3. Short Cuts/Expedited Processes. The purpose of the economic analysis is to assist in

providing sufficient justification to support a rewind action. If recent reports and analyses have

been completed for the specific project which would support the recommended rewind action,

then these findings may be summarized in lieu of conducting a new economic analysis. 

Assumptions and calculations must be clearly described and the hydropower values cited must no

more than 3 Fiscal Years old from the date of the proposed rewind report submission. For

example, if a prior report used hydropower values that were developed at October 1992 price

levels (FY 1993), then they would be acceptable for a rewind report being submitted during FY

1996. If the values were developed before FY 1993, then they could not be used for a FY 1996

rewind report submission.

M-4. Analytic Tools and Technical Assistance. Several economic models, consistent with major

rehabilitation evaluation criteria, have been developed for rewind studies. Technical assistance in

conducting the economic analysis or in utilizing an existing model may be obtained through

CENPD-HDC or CECW-IWR-T.
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N-1

APPENDIX N

ADDITIONAL TECHNICAL REFERENCES

These technical references are not intended to be exclusive and test methods from other sources

accepted by the industry may be used.

1. Doble Rotating Machinery Insulation Test Guide

2. IEEE Standard 4 - Techniques for High Voltage Testing

3. IEEE Standard 43 - Recommended Practice for Testing Insulation Resistance of

Rotating Machinery

4. IEEE Standard 56 - Insulation Maintenance of Large AC Rotating Machinery (10,000

KVA and Larger)

5. IEEE Standard 62 - Guide for Field Testing Power Apparatus Insulation

6. IEEE Standard 67 - Guide for Operation and Maintenance of Turbine Generators 

7. IEEE Standard 95 - Insulation Testing of Large AC Rotating Machinery with High

Direct Voltage

8. IEEE Standard 112 - Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators

9. IEEE Standard 115 - Test Procedure for Synchronous Machines

10. IEEE Standard 117 - Test Procedure for Evaluation of Systems of Insulating Materials

for Random-Wound Electric Machinery

11. IEEE Standard 118 - Test Code for Resistance Measurements

12. IEEE Standard 119 - Recommended Practice for General Principles of Temperature

Measurements as Applied to Electrical Apparatus

13. IEEE Standard 120 - Master Test Code for Electrical Measurements in Power Circuits

14. IEEE Standard 275 - Recommended Practice for Thermal Evaluation of Insulation

Systems for AC Electric Machinery Employing Form-Wound PreInsulate Stator Coils, Machines Rated 6900 Volts and Below

15. IEEE Standard 286 - Recommended Practice for Measurement of Power-Factor Tip-Up

of Rotating Machinery Stator Coil Insulation

16. IEEE Standard 433 - Recommended Practice for Insulation Testing of Large AC

Rotating Machinery with High Voltage at Very Low Frequency
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N-2

17. IEEE Standard 434 - Guide for Functional Evaluation of Insulation Systems for Large

High-Voltage Machines

18. IEEE Standard 454 - Recommended Practice for the Detection and Measurement of

Partial Discharges (Corona) During Dielectric Tests

19. IEEE Standard 492 - Guide for Operation and Maintenance of Hydro-Generators

20. IEEE Standard 522 - Guide for Testing Turn-to-Turn Insulation on Form-Wound Stator

Coils for AC Rotating Electric Machines

For a free catalog of IEEE Standards, write to the:

 IEEE SERVICE CENTER

 445 Hoes Lane

 Piscataway, NJ 08854