US Army Corps

of Engineers

Graphic Standards

Manual

EP 310-1-6 Revised 9/94

®

The guidance provided within this Graphic Standards

Manual was developed to assure that the visual presentation of the Corps of Engineers is accomplished with

consistency and forethought. Set forth for your reference are the current policies regarding the use of the

Corps logotype and direction on the development of

visual communications. Continuing to focus on the

Corps Communication Mark and its various 

applications, the manual also introduces guidance for

new areas where graphic identification of the Corps is

appropriate.

The manual is designed to be a useful tool for developing visual communications for Corps programs.

Whether the medium is a brochure, poster, newspaper

or video, the necessity of presenting a consistent, 

recognizable image to the public, as well as our

employees, is important to the Corps tradition and its

continued service to our nation. I urge you to become

familiar with the content of these pages and the appropriate applications demonstrated.

Arthur E. Williams

Lieutenant General, USA

Commanding

A Message From the Commander I
Table of Contents II

Message From The Commander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I

Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II

Chapter 1

Communication Mark and Signature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

Chapter 2

Heraldic Symbology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1

Chapter 3

Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1

Chapter 4

Publication Grids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1

Chapter 5

Business Graphics and Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1

Chapter 6

Signage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-1

Chapter 7

Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-1

Chapter 8

Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-1

Chapter 9

Reproduction Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-1
Communication Mark 1

and Signature
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Communication Mark is the key graphic

element in the Corps’ uniform graphic 

identification system. Its form is derived 

from the traditional castle symbol used by

Corps since its inception.

The mark has been redesigned to have

greater strength and adaptability, both 

visually and for reproduction purposes. In 

its new form, the mark is a simplified contemporary rendering of a traditional symbol.

This mark is well suited for use in a wide

range of identification, promotion and 

advertising applications aimed both at 

internal Corps audiences and at the general public.

The shapes contained within the mark

have been rendered for clear reproduction

at both large and small scales.

The mark is primarily used as the common graphic element placed above the

names of Field Operating Activities within

the Corps as a part of their signatures.

The mark may stand alone on publication

covers, and other Corps graphics as a

tasteful visual element. It should not, however, be used decoratively on the same

page or surface that contains a full signature. When using the mark by itself on a

publication, place the full signature in 

another appropriate position, such as the

back cover, book spine or title page.

Some notes to remember when using the

mark:

—The mark has been carefully drawn and

should only be reproduced by photographic

processes from the approved reproduction

art in Chapter 9 of this manual.

—If the mark must be produced at a scale

too large for photographic reproduction, a

grid drawing of the mark is provided on

page 9-5 of this manual.

—The mark should never be reproduced at

less than 1

⁄4" in height.

—The mark shall only be used on its 

proper axis and never rotated to a new

position. Refer to approved reproduction 

artwork in Chapter 9 of this manual.

—No prior versions of the Corps mark may

be used except as outlined in section 2 of

this manual.

—No Division, District or other Field

Operating Activity symbols, marks or signatures may be used.

—Contact the Graphic Standards Coordinator, HQUSACE, CEIM-IV, for advice and

assistance concerning specialized or

unique applications of the mark. Upon

request, the Communication Mark, as well

as other graphic symbols used by the

Corps for visual identification, are available

in diskette format.

The Communication Mark has been 

registered with the US Patent and

Trademark Office on November 30, 1993 

as registration NO. 1,807,986. The ®

symbol is to be displayed with the mark

when reproducing printed promotional

material that is intended for public usage.

The Communication Mark 1-1
There are three preferred configurations of

the Corps Mark and Signature which are

shown at the right. These basic forms have

been developed to provide maximum flexibility in the use of the mark and are the

basis for the Tone and Color Useage Guide

on page 1-5 of this manual.

One-Color Version 

In many print applications, only one color

will be available to the designer. The mark

and signature as well as other typography

and illustration, in such cases, require that

the color used have a dark value. Black 

and dark values of the primary or secondary color are preferred. Avoid the use of

pastel, diluted or “thin” colors in these 

applications.

Two-Color Version 

Where two flat colors or four-color process

colors are available, the mark may be

shown in Communication Red while the

name of the Corps and activity are shown

in black against a white background.

Swatches for matching Communication 

Red are found in Chapter 9 of this manual.

In four-color process, Communication 

Red may be achieved by printing solid

magenta/80% yellow in combination.

Reverse Version 

Because of the nature of the drawing of the

positive version of the mark (as shown

above), a normal conversion to negative 

will result in a black rather than a white 

castle. To avoid this situation, a special

drawing of the mark has been developed

which includes an additional white outline.

Only the reproduction artwork provided 

in Chapter 9 of this manual shall be used to

show the mark in reverse.

Color considerations are similar to those

described for the One-Color Version. In 

certain situations, shown throughout this

manual, the reverse treatment may be 

used showing the Communication Mark in

Communication Red.

Basic Configuration of the Mark 1-2
The primary purpose of the signature is 

to graphically identify the Corps and its Field

Operating Activities in a uniform and

communicative way.

All signatures are a combination of the

Corps Mark and the name which describes

a specific Field Operating Activity. No

additional elements, typography or graphic

devices should ever be added to the basic

signature configuration.

Corps Signature 

The Corps Signature consists of the mark

and the Corps of Engineers name set 

in the Helvetica Medium type face. Both 

elements are placed flush to the left. This

signature is to be used as the graphic 

identifier on those items common to the

entire Corps of Engineers.

Division, District and other Field Operating

Activity Signatures

There are individual signatures for the Office

of the Chief of Engineers and for each Field

Operating Activity in the Corps. The Corps

Signature is the principal graphic identifier to

be used by these activities 

on all publications, signage, vehicles, etc.

The individual Field Operating Activity 

signature is a modification of the basic

Corps Signature. It is formed by placing 

the name of the particular FOA below the

Corps name. FOA names are set in Helvetica Regular, a lighter-weight type face so

that, while emphasis remains on the Corps

name and mark, each Corps activity is

identified in its own unique identification 

signature and, at the same time, is clearly

related to the Corps as a whole.

There are no other acceptable versions

of the signature. Do not alter the typography, mark size, or general configuration of

the signature. Use original reproduction 

artwork found in Chapter 9 of this manual 

at all times. Avoid second generation 

reproduction.

For detailed guidance on the application 

or use of the signature, refer to the applicable sections of this manual. Contact the

Corps Graphics Coordinator for advice 

and assistance on unique or special applications of the signature.

Signature Configurations 1-3
Two standard colors have been designated 

for the Corps graphics program.

Communication Red is to be used in all 

color versions of the Corps Communication Mark, as well as in other applications 

illustrated in this manual.

Communication Gray may be used as a 

second color for typography in two-color 

versions of the Corps signature and may 

also be used as a single color in certain 

situations.

When reproducing these colors in 

four/color process screened tints, the 

standard formula shall be the following:

Communication Red = 100 Red/80Yellow

Communication Gray = 20 Red/30 Yellow/ 

30 Blue.

The colors used on this page and 

throughout this manual are for illustration 

only and are not to be used as a standard.

Communication Red shall match 

“PANTONE 032” and Communication Gray

shall match “Pantone 408” found in the 

current PANTONE ®* MATCHING 

SYSTEM Formula Guide (© Pantone, Inc.)

Color Standards 1-4

Communication Red

Communication Gray

*Pantone, Inc.’s check-standard trademark for

color standards, color data, color reproduction

and color reproduction materials.
The official color for the Corps is Communication Red. This is a warm, middle 

value primary red which may be used as 

a single color in publications or used in combination with black or a medium value 

warm gray.

The adjacent group of demonstrations 

establishes a guide for color use in Corps 

publications.

The use of other colors should be limited 

to primary (red, yellow & blue) and secondary (green, purple, or orange) colors.

Avoid the use of pastel, diluted, or thinned 

colors.

It is recommended that pure white paper

stock be used for signature background.

Grey and beige tone papers may be used 

but soft or pastel colored papers should be

avoided.

(1-2) The preferred two-color versions of 

the Corps signature are shown with the

Communication Mark reproduced in Communication Red and signature typography 

in Black (1) or Communication Gray (2),

shown against a clear white background.

No other two-color versions of the signature are acceptable. Never reverse this 

color configuration.

(3-4) The preferred single-color versions 

of the Corps Signature are reproduced in

Black (3) or Communication Gray (4) and

shown against a clear white background.

(5-6) The Corps Signature may be surprinted (overprinted) in Black when shown

against a background no darker than 

40 percent gray and shall be dropped-out

(reversed) when shown against a background no lighter than 40 percent gray.

(7-8) The Corps Signature may be either

surprinted or dropped out when shown

against a background of Communication 

Red or other middle-value pure colors.

(9-10) The reverse drawing of the Communication Mark/Signature may be used 

in combination with either White or Black 

signature typography when shown against 

a Communication Gray or other middle 

value gray or neutral color background.

(11-12) The reverse drawing of the

Communication Mark may be shown in

Communication Red and used in combination with either White (11) or Black (12) 

signature typography when shown against 

a Communication Gray or other middlevalue Gray or Neutral color background.

(13) The reverse drawing of the Communication Mark/Signature may be 

reversed (dropped-out) from a background 

of four/color process half-tone when the

background area is darker than the equivalent of 40 percent gray.

(14) The reverse drawing of the Communication Mark may be shown in

Communication Red and used in combination with White Signature typography and

reversed (dropped-out) from a background 

of four/color process half-tone when the

background area is darker than the equivalent of 40 percent gray.

Tone and Color Usage Guide 1-5
The Communication Mark and the various

Field Operating Activity Signatures are the

primary visual elements in the Corps 

graphic communication system. These 

elements become common to all visual 

communication and identification throughout the Corps.

To maintain this uniformity, reproduction 

artwork for all signatures in the most 

common sizes used for publications is provided in Chapter 9 of this manual. These

should be clipped and used without alteration. Additional pages are available 

through the Corps Graphics Coordinator.

To avoid improper applications, the 

following guide attempts to show the most

common violations to both mark and 

signature configurations and the misuse 

of typography and color.

(1) The Communication Mark shall 

never be redrawn or changed from the 

standard in any way

(2) Multiple color reproduction of the

Communication Mark is unacceptable.

(3) Never substitute another style of 

typography for the standard Corps Signature type style.

(4) The mark shall not be placed in any

relationship to the signature typography

except the standard aligned flush-left position with prescribed spacing.

(5) Do not combine other shapes, colors, 

or symbols with the Corps Signature.

(6) The Communication Mark shall 

never be redrawn or changed from the 

standard in any way. No historical or traditional drawings of the castle symbol may

ever be used in combination with other elements of the standard Corps Signature.

(7) Reproduction of the Signature from 

second or third generation copies is unacceptable. Sharpness and detail are distorted in this way. Avoid over or underexposed photographic reproduction.

(8) Never reproduce the Corps Signature in screen tones, or in any technique 

that will tend to fragment the image of

the Signature.

(9) Do not alter the standard size relationship between the Communication Mark

and Signature typography.

(10) Do not reproduce the Communication Mark smaller than 1

⁄4" in height.

(11) Do not use the positive version of 

the Communication Mark in combination 

with reverse (dropped-out) signature 

typography against a middle-value background.

(12) The use of decorative borders, 

color shapes, panels or other arbitrary 

additive elements to enclose or provide a

background for the Corps Signature is 

unacceptable.

(13) Never reverse (drop-out) the positive drawing of the Communication Mark.

The castle must always be shown lighter

than the shape that contains it.

(14) Showing the Corps Signature 

against a split black and white or color 

background is prohibited.

Incorrect Use of Mark and Signature 1-6
Hearldic Symbology 2
Since its inception, the Corps of Engineers

has used a variety of graphic symbols to

communicate an image of strength and

unity. The historical and traditional symbols

designed over the years have been

important to the development of the

Communication Mark, currently used to

identify the Corps to the general 

population. Agency identification should

always be the principle unifying graphic 

element in any project where presentation 

is in a visual format. There are occasions

when the use of one of the historic symbols

or coats of arms is appropriate, in place of

the more modern Communication Mark.

In deciding whether to use the current

Communication Mark or one of the more

traditional symbols, you should consider 

the desired effect of your presentation. The

appropriate use of a Corps symbol can be

effective in establishing the image of the

agency. The Communication Mark conveys

a contemporary image of the Corps as a

government agency that is both modern 

and in touch with the public it serves, while

the historic symbols provide a sense of 

tradition that in specific presentations is

important to the Corps image.

Contact the Graphic Standards Coordinator, HQUSACE, CEIM-IV, for advice on

the use of historical symbols represented in

this section of the manual. All symbols are

available in diskette format.

Symbolism Introduction 2-1
Traditional Castle — The traditional castle

is an important symbol representative of

the long history and national significance

of the Corps of Engineers. Dating back to

about 1839, this symbol is used only in

special applications, specifically when a

sense of the tradition and history of the

Corps are an essential part of the visual

presentation. It is recommended for 

special and limited use such as for

awards, historic presentations, executive

and military officer letterhead, business

cards and similar applications.

The Traditional Castle Symbol has been

registered with the US Patent and

Trademark Office on November 23, 1993

as registration NO. 1,806,429. The ®

symbol is to be displayed with the Castle

Symbol when reproducing printed 

promotional material that is intended for

public usage.

Traditional Castle Symbol 2-2
Official Essayons Coat of Arms — Shortly

after the Civil War in 1867, the Corps of

Engineers adopted the Essayons Coat of

Arms in commemoration of the consolidation of the Topographical Engineers (est.

1830’s) and the regular Corps of 

Engineers (est. 1802). The symbol 

displays the Corps motto “Essayons,”

Latin for “Let Us Try.” This Essayons 

symbol is rarely used today, except in 

presentations of traditional or historic 

significance. It is appropriate for use on

awards, plaques, and in visual presentations related to the military functions of the

Corps of Engineers.

“Essayons” Coat of Arms 2-3
Official Essayons Unit Crest — This 

modern symbol is the official Corps of

Engineers unit crest, which is worn by

USACE military personnel. The eagle, our

national symbol stands behind the scarlet

and white tower representing the Corps of

Engineers and its construction mission.

The world-wide scope of the Corps 

mission and its service to the nation in the

past, present and future are suggested by

the sun symbol and globe. The olive

branch connotes the peaceful nature of the

Corps mission and the oak stands for 

fortitude, while the branches symbolize the

agency’s concern for the environment. The

eagle proudly carries the Corps historic

motto, “Essayons,” meaning “Let Us Try.”

Most appropriately used in relation to the

military functions of the Corps, the symbol

is usable in most graphic applications.

Official Essayons Unit Crest 2-4
Engineers Officers Button — This symbol

is found on the buttons of the Class A

military uniform for Corps of Engineers

officers Army-wide. The symbol of the

button has no other authorized graphic

application.

Engineers Officers Button Symbol 2-5
USACE Shoulder MACOM Patch — The

patch, originating in 1980, was designed to

be worn by Corps of Engineers military

personnel, with the exception of those

assigned to the Pentagon. The symbol of

the patch has no other authorized graphic

application.

MACOM Shoulder Patch 2-6
Engineer Regimental Crest — The regimental crest incorporates all facets of the

engineer mission. The gold turreted castle

has been the official symbol of the Corps

of Engineers since 1921, although the

device has existed since before the Civil

War. Scarlet and white are the official 

colors of the Corps. Scarlet symbolizes

our shared heritage with the Artillery.

White, which was the original color of the

infantry, symbolizes the Corps secondary

mission. The crest is officially worn on the

uniforms of USACE military personnel.

Displaying both the Corps castle and the

“Essayons” motto, this symbol is a popular

graphic used in awards, plaques and other

visual presentations.

Engineer Regimental Crest 2-7
Publications 3
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is

responsible for supplying information to

industry, Congress, and the general public.

Information is also generated for use internal to the Corps or Department of the

Army. This transfer of information requires

a major publishing effort by the Corps.

Following are general guidelines for the

Corps publications graphic system. This

system is a major part of the Graphics

Standardization System of the Corps.

Included in the system are guidelines for

signature placement, publication size, and

format, and typographic selection. This

system was conceived as a working tool

for the Corps publication designer. The

system provides a consistent framework or

understructure for all Corps publications,

but does not attempt to solve the specific

creative problems inherent in each publication. Working within the system, a

designer may more effectively deal with

his major challenge, the graphic interpretation of content.

Consistent and intelligent use of this

system will result in a family of Corps

publications that are readable, appealing,

and reflective of a high standard of design

professionalism throughout the Corps.

The Signature

The signature is to be placed on all Corps

publications. When placed on a publication

cover, it will generally be aligned to the left

margin. The placement of the signature on

a cover will always relate to the interior grid

format as shown in subsequent illustrations. Signature size is dependent on the

title or headline type size selected. This is

especially critical when the signature mark

is aligned with the title material on a horizontal line. The diagram below illustrates

the four recommended size relationships

of mark to headline cap height. Examples

showing these relationships in application

are shown throughout this manual.

Publication Sizes

Four sizes have been established that will

accommodate the majority of the publication types and formats to be produced

by the Corps. These sizes are 81⁄2" X 11",

51⁄2" x 81⁄2", 4" x 9" and 41⁄4" x 53⁄8".

Each size has a multiple purpose and was

selected for economic use of standard

sheet fed printing paper sizes. These sizes

allow for bleed without extravagant waste.

Publication Format

The vertical format has been adopted for

Corps publications. Horizontal or album

formats are permissible when presentation or use of the content cannot be

adapted to the standard vertical format.

Cover and text designs for horizontal format publications should still use the principles established for the vertical format.

The Grid

The uniformity and consistency of Corps

publications is contingent on a general

layout and method of page composition.

Each publication size has been assigned a

format grid. This grid becomes the understructure for the layout. It uniformly divides

the page, delineating column widths, margins, gutters, and horizontal base lines.

The grid is a tool used to plan the placement and interrelationships of headlines,

body text, illustrative material, and captions along with the conscious use of white

space to give the publication readability

and an inviting aesthetic sense.

The Corps format grid system for publication design includes:

Grid A—81⁄2" x 11" used for large publications, manuals, and magazines. Contains one column, two column, three column, and four column formats.

Grid B—81⁄2" x 11" used for technical

books. Accommodates one column,

two column, and three column formats.

Grid C—51⁄2" x 81⁄2" used for brochures

and directories. Accommodates one

column, two column, and three column

formats.

Grid D—41⁄4" x 53⁄8" used for brochures

and directories. Accommodates one

column and two column formats.

Grid E—4" x 9" used for pamphlets,

leaflets and maps. Accommodates one

column and two column formats.

Use of Grid

A designer should begin the design of a

publication with a thorough knowledge of

the material to be presented including both

text and illustration. The designer should

discuss the editorial attitude with the

author and know how the proponent

intends to use the publications.

The choice of size and grid format will

often evolve out of the publication’s

intended use.

For example, a large technical review

prepared on water resource utilization may

use Grid B. Grid E may be used appropriately for a small guide to Corps recreational facilities. A photographic history of

hydropower would use Grid A, and a telephone directory for a District or Division

would take advantage of the compact two

column formats contained in Grid C and

Grid D.

Determine a grid format that will accommodate the contents. Lay out a rough

thumbnail sketch to test your concept. As

necessary, revise the concept until you are

satisfied that all elements will be accommodated in an inviting and readable layout.

When locating the signature, headlines,

columns of type, captions, and illustrative

materials, place them flush to the left

margin on the vertical rules of the selected

grid format.

The horizontal page divisions are in one

sixth increments that extend the width of

the page. Each of these units has a top

and bottom margin. Text typography and

headline material that is hung from a horizontal unit should generally be aligned on

the top of the unit with the x height (top of

lower case letters) of the type. When using

a base margin within the page, the bottom

of the type line should rest on the bottom

horizontal line of the unit.

Do not deviate from the adopted grid

format. Consistency is critical for a sense

of visual order, both within the specific

publication and throughout all Corps

publications.

Limit typographic sizes and styles to as

few as possible.

Do not use unnecessary graphic

devices. Embellishments detract from the

message to be communicated.

The sections that follow select grid formats by publication size and type. These

demonstrate many of the different alternatives available to the Corps communicator.

Typography

Typography is the designers basic visual

element used to communicate a message.

The subjective element of typography is

a requirement that it be legible. However,

each typographic problem demands its

own overall treatment. Magazines need

both typographic consistency and a freedom to adapt to editorial and illustrative

content. Technical journals and reports

require an economical use of the page

without sacrificing readability. On posters,

typography is often used as an illustrative

element. Also, size and space relationships between key words and other material contained on the poster are critical to

communication. Typography, as used on

business forms, must be readable and not

compete with the more important changeable information.

The typographic system has been

designed to accommodate the diverse

needs of the Corps, yet maintain a general

Introduction 3-1

Communication Mark to Headline Standard Proportional Relationships
consistency in application and appearance.

This system utilizes three typefaces,

each of which has a bold weight and a light

or book weight face. Each typeface is

intended to accommodate a particular

requirement within the system. For general

publications, these requirements are often

similar, allowing the designer to select the

most appropriate font.

Elements of Typographic System

Serif Typeface: Times Roman —

Times Roman is an excellent typeface for

reports and booklets containing large

amounts of text typography. Times Roman

is very readable. As its compatible accent

face, Times Roman Bold is to be used for

headlines and subheads to accent the regular (book) weight.

Times Roman was designed in 1932 for

the London Times Newspaper. It is traditional in character, and is an attractive,

highly legible type font. It has a large

lower-case letter height with moderate

contrast in stroke width, and the circular

letter forms are slightly condensed, affording economical space utilization while

maintaining desirable point size.

Serif Typeface: Century Schoolbook—As

its name implies, Century Schoolbook was

developed for use in textbook composition

and its outstanding characteristic is extremely good legibility.

The very open, simplified early 20th

Century letterforms of Century Schoolbook express a transition from classic

serif

forms dating as far back as the 1600’s. This

transition ultimately led to the extreme simplification of our contemporary sans-serif

letterforms, an expression of the advanced

industrial revolution and the functionalist

movement in art and industrial design.

Century Schoolbook bold and italic may

be used in complement to Century Schoolbook text settings.

Sans Serif Typeface: Helvetica Regular

with Helvetica Medium and Helvetica Bold

—Helvetica is a uniformly proportioned

sans serif type. It has a simplicity and contemporary character. Helvetica regular has

been adopted as a superb brochure and

general information publication typeface.

The Helvetica lower case letters are large.

With adequate leading as shown in the

typeface display, this typeface is highly

legible.

Helvetica Regular compliments the

Corps signatures and is to be used for all

ancillary text on stationery. It is also to be

used for all typography on business forms.

The Helvetica Medium or Helvetica Bold

typefaces may be used as a compatible

Bold weights for titles and headlines.

These three typefaces, if used properly,

give a utilitarian flexibility and legibility to

Corps publications while maintaining a

standard approach to typography. Refer to

examples throughout the manual for recommended use applications.

The following group of general principles

describe how to select and set type for legibility and ease of reading.

Type Legibility

The legibility and readability of type is

dependent on the physical characteristics

of letters and words. Each typeface has a

different letter form configuration, proportion, and weight emphasis. As a result,

there are only guides; no definitive rules

for the specific selection and use of

typography.

Letter forms are recognized by their

outside shape. A medium (book) weight

font provides necessary shape deliniation

and letter weight without overfilling the

interior of enclosed letters. Serifs tend to

amplify the character of the letter form’s

outside shape. The relationship between

thick and thin sections of stroke width

should be moderate with weight emphasis

on the vertical. The height of the lower

case letters (x height) should be 60% to

66% of the overall capital height. Long

ascenders or descenders fragment the letter. Round letter forms should be slightly

condensed. Elongating or tightly condensing a letter form distorts its recognizable

characteristics.

Moderation should be the guide for

letter spacing and word spacing. Words

visually break up if there is too much space

between each letter. Tight or touching

letter forms in text sizes will appear to

bleed into each other.

The selection of type size, line length,

and leading (space between lines) is

dependent on the general character and

layout of the publication. For use in text,

type is generally set within the nine to 12

point range. The size of text type should

not be a mathematical determination. The

type selected must feel comfortable with

the page layout.

In text setting, the line length desired

(a factor used in the selection of which grid

configuration to use) should feel comfortable to read in the selected type point size.

If it is too long, the reader is forced to

search for his or her place at the beginning

of each line. Short line length in text type

may cause distracting phrase and word

breakage. Studies have shown that line

lengths having 40 to 65 characters are the

most comfortable to read.

It is recommended that typography

is set unjustified or “rag right”. This lightens

the visual weight of the block of type on

the page without effect to readability.

Typography may also be set “justified” left

and right in certain book-length publications or when a traditional or historical look

is desirable.

Typographic color, the apparent lightness or darkness of a unit of type on a

page, as well as its general readability is

controlled by line spacing or leading. Text

type usually has one to three points of

leading depending on font’s body, size, and

line length. The white space created by

leading eases the reader’s ability to follow

the line.

The parameters of headline typography

are much less constraining. They may be

used as a graphic device in the layout as

much as they are for their content. Heavier

weights are used, and letter spacing may

be tighter. Use of all upper case letters is

unacceptable.

Method of Composition

Two methods of composition are utilized

by the Corps typographic system.

Display/Headlines

Items recommended for the optically

spaced typositor method of typesetting

include headlines, covertitles, mastheads,

signage, vehicle markings, etc. Typography may be ordered from in-house Corps

locations, Government Printing Office or a

Regional Printing Procurement Office.

Text

Recommended setting method adopted

for Corps text typefaces is by keyboard

photo typesetting. These adopted typefaces including helvetica Regular and

Medium, Times Roman and Times Roman

Bold, and Century Schoolbook are readily

available to be set on photo typesetting

machines from every major manufacturer.

The look of a typeface will vary from one

manufacturer to another. When specifying

type for a publication, refer if possible to

the sample setting from the type of

machine to be used. Do not mix type set

on two different machines in the same

publication.

Summary

As the basic element in visual communications, the designer will use typography to

present the message and support the

idea. The creative use of any rule or guide

becomes a subjective judgment. It

requires planning and layout using format

to reflect content along with thoughtful

integration of headlines, subheads, illustrative materials, captions, and white

space for a tasteful, effective communications result.

Photography and Illustration

Photography and illustration are highimpact visual elements. Select an image

tone that reflects the message or idea

being communicated. Images must be of

high reproduction quality and must

become an integral part of the layout.

Selection

When you begin to pre-visualize the

design format, the illustrative treatment

should avoid worn out or cliche images.

The photograph must have impact.

It must convey an idea that is part of the

Introduction 3-2
story but not in print or be supportive of a

printed idea.

If multiple illustrations are used, they

should not be redundant. One good photograph is better than several mediocre

ones.Your layout should not force the use

of photographs just to fill space. A good

layout may forgive the use of a necessary

but not superb photograph.

When using more than one photograph;

crop, size, and place them by value and

image quality. Contrasts in shape, size,

and implied direction of the photograph

can be very effective.

When selecting a photographer or an

artist for an assignment, try to marry the

person’s style or talent to the illustrative

need. Select the best talent for the illustrative need. Review the project and the

editorial requirements with your photographer or illustrator before beginning the

assignment.

Quality of Image

High quality printing and reproduction

will not forgive a photograph of poor

physical quality. Each reproduction step

diminishes the tone, color, and line quality

of the original.

Black and white prints should contain a

full tonal range. Avoid washed-out or high

contrast prints. Color transparencies

should have true color that is saturated.

Avoid using slides or prints with thin color

for print reproduction.

Line artwork should be sharp and clean.

Multiple generation photostats, xerographic copies or photographs containing a

screen from prior use should always be

avoided.

Layout

Photographs and illustrations should be

integral to and reflect the selected format.

Size and align illustrative material to this

preplanned structure.

Paper

Paper selection is an important factor that

will effect the quality and appearance of

your publication.

The characteristics of a specific paper

will effect the reproduction of both one or

two flat colors, as well as half-tones and

four-color process. Sharp, well-inked

images with maximum ink holdout (surface

retention) is the preferred end result. All

categories of paper specifications should

be for “middle to top of the line” qualities

(coated or uncoated).

A coated paper with either dull or gloss

surface finish is recommended for fourcolor reproduction jobs that require first

quality, high resolution of halftones, as well

as those that require a large amount of ink

coverage (solid areas).

Flat color reproduction, or line work,

may be printed on coated or uncoated

paper.

For booklets of 20 pages or more, a

separate or heavier cover stock may be

considered. With perfect bound booklets

or reports of 40 pages or more, bulk must

be considered as more pages are added.

Stock should not be too rigid and should

not hinder opening or the ability to lie flat.

However, when reducing the paper weight

to cut the bulk, it is advisable to retain

maximum opacity in order to prevent bleed

or ink show-through from the back of

the page.

Texture or surface quality of the paper

should not compete with the design

or images. In most cases a plain, smooth

surface is recommended.

White paper is perferred for most

applications. Use of colored stock should

be limited to a beige or warm tone grey.

Pastel or primary colored stocks should be

avoided.

Before paper specifications are finalized,

if possible obtain a paper dummy of the publication in the intended weight and paper

stock from your printer or paper supplier.

Production

The procedure for designing a publication

and preparing it for reproduction is different for each individual job. There is,

however, a logical series of tasks that

apply to the design and completion of most

publications. The steps below should be

used as a guide.

1 ) Receive all copy text, and editorial

materials. Know attitude and goals of

author/proponent.

2) Know subject and intent. Gather

available photographs, illustrations, or

other art for review.

3) Evaluate editorial attitude, copy

length, method of illustration.

4) Lay out a rough schematic indicating

selected grid format. Prepare in thumbnail

to see all spreads in sequence. Indicate

typographic treatment of heads, text, use

of illustrations, color, and other graphic

devices.

5) Prepare a written specification indicating quantity, size, binding method,

paper stock, color, and schedule. Review

production requirements with PCO and

P/RCO.

6) Count copy and fit to schematic.

Revise copy as needed, specify the type,

and have it set.

7) Proofread the typeset galleys. Circulate “readers” or type proof for necessary

approvals, and correct as needed.

8) Size all photographs and illustrative

materials to fit the layout using selected

grid. Lay out a full size comprehensive with

corrected type proof, headlines, photostats, C-prints, and other graphic devices.

9) Review comprehensive and obtain

approval. Make corrections or revisions as

requested and present again, if necessary.

10) Prepare mechanicals.

11 ) Release mechanicals to printer with

specifications and production instructions

including color, binding, and pagination.

Request blueprint and accurate production

schedule.

12) Check blueprint for stripping errors,

position of halftone, margins, broken type,

and dirt.

13) For command administration publications requiring numbering systems the

guidance contained in AR-25-30 will be

used.

Introduction 3-3
Helvetica Medium and Helvetica Regular

are the type styles used in all Corps signatures. This versatile family of typography is

extremely useful in publication design as

well as in the more permanent identification applications shown in this manual.

Shown below are examples of the full

alphabets and sample text settings of

Helvetica Regular with Helvetica Medium

or Helvetica Bold headlines.

Typography–Helvetica 3-4

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as an engineer 

advisor to Congress in the water resources field for 

over 150 years. Prompted by public desires and 

needs, Congress has authorized and continued to

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as an 

engineer advisor to Congress in the 

water resources field for over 150 years.

Prompted by public desires and needs, 

Congress has authorized and continued to

9/10 point Helvetica Regular, 14 picas unjustified

margin with 9 point Helvetica Bold headline.

11/12 point Helvetica Regular, 211⁄2 pica unjustified margin with 11 point Helvetica Bold headline.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as an engineer advisor to Congress in the water resources field for over 150 years. Prompted by 

public desires and needs, Congress has authorized and continued to

authorize the Corps to investigate, develop, and improve the Nation’s

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as 

an engineer advisor to Congress in 

the water resources field for over 150

years.Prompted by public desires and

needs, Congress has authorized and

10/11 point Helvetica Regular, 14 picas unjustified

margin with 10 point Helvetica Medium headline

one-half line space above column.

12/13 point Helvetica Regular, 29 pica unjustified margin with 12 point Helvetica Medium headline

one-half line space above column.
The Times Roman family of type styles is

strongly recommended for use in publication text settings, especially when lengthy

text is involved. Easy legibility and readability are the hallmarks of this versatile type

family.

Shown below are examples of Times

Roman and Bold in full alphabet specimens

along with sample text settings of Times

Roman with Times Bold and Helvetica

Medium headings.

Typography–Times Roman 3-5

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as an engineer advisor to

Congress in the water resources field for over 150 years.

Prompted by public desires and needs, Congress has authorized and continued to authorize the Corps to investigate,

develop, and improve the Nation’s water and related land

resources. The primary responsibilities of the Corps in this

area involve flood control and navigation. Other water

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as an engineer advisor to Congress in the water resources

field for over 150 years. Prompted by public

desires and needs, Congress has authorized

and continued to authorize the Corps to investigate, develop, and improve the Nation’s

water and related land resources. The primary

responsibilities of the Corps in this area

involve flood control and navigation. Other

9/10 point Times Roman, 14 pica unjustified

margin with 9 point Times Roman Bold headline.

11/12 point Times Roman, 211⁄2 pica unjustified margin with 11 point Times Roman Bold headline.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as an engineer advisor to Congress in

the water resources field for over 150 years. Prompted by public desires and

needs, Congress has authorized and continued to authorize the Corps to

investigate, develop, and improve the Nation’s water and related land

resources. The primary responsibilities of the Corps in this area involve

flood control and navigation. Other water resource objectives addressed as

part of these primary responsibilities are hydroelectric power, water supply,

water quality, recreation, fish and wildlife conservation, and preservation

of ecological resources. This aspect of the Corps’ work is referred to as the

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as an

engineer advisor to Congress in the

water resources field for over 150 years.

Prompted by public desires and needs,

Congress has authorized and continued to

authorize the Corps to investigate, develop,

and improve the Nation’s water and related

land resources.The primary responsibilities of the Corps in this area involve flood

control and navigation. Other water

resource objectives addressed as part of

10/11 point Times Roman, 14 pica unjustified

margin with 10 point Times Roman Bold headline one-half line space above column.

12/13 point Times Roman, 29 pica unjustified margin with 12 point Times Roman Bold headline

one-half line space above column.
Century Schoolbook and Century Schoolbook Bold represent an extremely versatile

family of publication type styles. Very

readable in small, lengthy text settings,

Century can also be used to advantage in

larger scale with great success. Century

Schoolbook Bold provides an excellent

display headline face for use alone or in

combination with the lighter Century

Schoolbook.

Shown below are examples of the full

Century Schoolbook and Century Schoolbook Bold alphabets with sample text settings of Century Schoolbook with Century

Schoolbook Bold headings.

Typography–Century Schoolbook 3-6

The US. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as an engineer

advisor to Congress in the water resources field for

over 150 years. Prompted by public desires and

needs, Congress has authorized and continued to

authorize the Corps to investigate, develop, and

improve the Nation’s water and related land

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as an

engineer advisor to Congress in the

water resources field for over 150 years.

Prompted by public desires and needs,

Congress has authorized and continued

to authorize the Corps to investigate,

develop, and improve the Nation’s water

and related land resources. The pri9/10 point Century Schoolbook, 14 pica unjustified margin with 9 point Century Schoolbook

Bold headline.

11/12 point Century Schoolbook, 211/2 pica unjustified margin with 11 point Century Schoolbook

Bold headline.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers;

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as an engineer advisor to

Congress in the water resources field for over 150 years. Prompted

by public desires and needs, Congress has authorized and continued to authorize the Corps to investigate, develop, and improve

the Nation’s water and related land resources. The primary

responsibilities of the Corps in this area involve flood control and

navigation. Other water resource objectives addressed as part of

these primary responsibilities are hydroelectric power, water supply, water quality, recreation, fish and wildlife conservation, and

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

A Commitment to the Future

The Corps of Engineers has served as

an engineer advisor to Congress in

the water resources field for over 150

years. Prompted by public desires

and needs, Congress has authorized

and continued to authorize the Corps

to investigate, develop, and improve

the Nation’s water and related land

resources. The primary responsibilities of the Corps in this area involve

flood control and navigation. Other

10/11 point Century Schoolbook. 14 pica unjustified margin with 10 point Century Schoolbook

Bold headline one-half space above column.

12/13 point Century Schoolbook, 29 pica unjustified margin with 12 point Century Schoolbook Bold

headline one-half space above column.
Grid A—81⁄2" x 11" Quality Publications

This standard grid contains one, two, three

and four-column formats. It is to be used 

as the basic structure for large publications, manuals and magazines. At right, 

the grid and its application to a typical 

cover are shown. Inside this foldout, 

typical interior text applications of the 

grid are illustrated. Refer to page 4-1 for

actual-size working grid.

Grid B—81⁄2" x 11" Technical Publications

This standard grid contains one, two, three

and four-column formats for use as the

underlying structure of Corps technical 

publications. It accommodates hole 

punching and various bulky binding techniques with a wide margin placed on the

binding edge. At right, the grid and its 

application to a typical cover are shown.

Inside this foldout, typical interior text 

applications of the grid are illustrated.

Refer to page 4-2 for actual-size working

grid.

Grid C—51⁄2" x 81⁄2" Brochures &

Directories

This standard grid contains one, two and

three-column formats and is to be used as

the basis for brochures, general information publications and directories published

by the Corps. At right, the grid and its application to a typical cover are shown. Inside

this foldout, typical interior text applications

of the grid are illustrated. Refer to page 

4-3 for actual-size working grid.

Grid D—41⁄4" x 53⁄8" Brochures &

Directories

This standard grid contains one and twocolumn formats and is intended as a more

economical companion to Grid C. It should

be used, where appropriate, as the structure for brochures, general information 

publications, and directories. At right, the

grid and its application to a typical cover 

are shown. Inside this foldout, typical 

interior text applications of the grid are illustrated. Refer to page 4-4 for full-size 

working grid.

Grid E—4" x 9" Pamphlets, Leaflets

and Map

This standard grid contains one and twocolumn formats and is to be used as the

basic structure for pamphlets, leaflets, and

maps published by the Corps. At right, the

grid and its application to a typical cover 

are shown. Inside this foldout, typical 

interior text applications are illustrated. Refer

to pages 3-12 and 3-14 for additional

guidance on maps. Refer to page 4-5 for

actual-size working grid.

Standard Publication Formats 3-7
Standard Publications Forms 3-8
Illustrated below is a typical Corps publication cover using standard Grid A (below

left) for its basic structure. In the cover

shown here, the Corps signature is a major

element in the design solution. However, in

some cases, it may be desirable to show

the signature on the back cover or last

page of a publication. This, along with

many other variations in cover design are

possible with use of the Corps standard

grid system. The principles illustrated here

apply to all five standard publication grids

in the system.

Inside this foldout, illustrated in diagrammatic form, are a number of possible variations on the cover illustrated below. The

grid is a flexible tool and may be utilized in

many different ways as aid in communicating in an orderly, consistent fashion and in

the graphic interpretation of content.

Publication Covers 3-9
f 

s.

o

d

o

basic decisions which ultimately determinethe look and overall editorial tone of thefinal product. The standard grid is a usefultool to be employed in the exploration of allthese possibilities.

The following notes list some of the 

questions and considerations that have been dealt with in the diagrammatic covertreatments shown below.—Should the cover use a photograph orother illustration? —Would a straight typographic cover solution be more appropriate? —Should the masthead or titling typography be bold or discreet? —Should the Corps Signature be shown

the cover?—Should the photograph or illustration beshown as a full bleed?—If so, what would be the best adaptationof the typography for that specific photograph or illustration?—Would the photograph or illustrationwork to best advantage as a free-standingpanel on the cover?—If so, should it be large or small, andshould any typographic elements besuperimposed on the panel?—Should sub-titling or ancillary typography of any kind be used on the cover?—If so, what position on the cover willafford the appropriate amount of emphasis

and position relative to the main title? —Should the main title be the only typographic element on the cover? —Do all the elements, when assembled,convey the editorial message in an effective way? This list of questions could be endless and attempts only to illustrate some of thedecisions, both design and editorial, thatmust be confronted once a basic overallapproach to the publication has been determined .Graphic Vocabulary 

The graphic vocabulary used for Corps publication cover designs contains several

constant elements, including: The CorpsSignature, 6 pt. and 1⁄2 pt. rules, titling and/or ancillary typography set in the Helvetica, Times Roman or Century Schoolbook families of typestyles, and the standard Corps publication grid system.

Refer to pages 3-1 – 3-6 for general 

guidance on publications. Contact the Corps Graphics Coordinator for advice and assistance in specific publication problem areas.

ons Based on Standard Gride 3-10
In certain circumstances, the look of a

Corps publication cover should have a 

special, unique quality that will set it apart

from its companions which are derived

from the standard grid system. The most

obvious application of this principle would

be a public affairs oriented magazine,

although some special one-of-a-kind

publi- cations might be appropriately

treated in this way. Consult the Corps

Graphics Coordinator for advice and

counsel before adopting this treatment for

publication.

The approach shown here adheres to 

the spirit and general look of other Corps

publications, but deviates from direct

adherence to the standard grid system.

Typographic styles are consistent with

Corps standards but are used in a way

that suggests a magazine logotype or

mast- head treatment. The positioning of

this titling element is not determined by a 

standard grid but rather by how the element works as a counterpoint to the

photo- graph or illustration.

It bears repeating that this kind of treat

ment is not intended for the average

Corps publications, and that it should not

be used without first consulting the Corps

Graphics Coordinator.

Special Format Covers 3-11
Located on page 3-13 are folding diagrams

for four recommended sizes of pamphlets/

map folders. Depending on the amount and

complexity of content, a 6, 8, 12, or 16

panel layout might be appropriate for use.

These publications all fold to 4" x 9” and

are to be designed using Grid E.

Use the folding diagrams in combination

with the guidelines on page 3-13 in developing Corps pamphlets/map folders.

Pamphlet/Map General Guidlines And Folding Diagrams 3-12
Pamphlet/Map General Guidelines and Folding Diagrams 3-13

Arrows in the diagrams indicate direction of the

next opening fold. The opening sequence is

described from top to bottom in the diagrams.
The five illustrations at the right show a

typical 24-panel map folder layout and

demonstrate how such publications should

unfold for maximum impact and readability.

As the panels are unfolded, the publication is always “right-reading”, and the information is arranged to lead the reader in a

logical, linear fashion as if reading a book.

One side of this 24" x 18" publication is

devoted to general information presented

in the form of text and illustration (figs 1-4).

The opposite side is given to specific data,

in this case charts, maps, tables and some

additional text and illustration. This kind of

functional division of content is strongly

suggested for these publications, no matter what size.

Use this illustration in combination with

the folding diagrams shown on page 3-13

as a guide to preparation of pamphlets and

map folders.

Pamphlet/Map Standard Format 3-14

Arrows in the diagram indicate direction of the

next opening fold. The opening sequence is

described from top to bottom in the diagram.
Corps binder covers are closely related to

typographic applications of Grids A and B

for 81⁄2" x 11" publications. All of the same

principles apply except for slight adjustments to compensate for the slightly oversize binder cover dimensions.

Bright primary or “pure” colors should

always be selected for binder cover materials. Avoid the use of pastels and “thin”

colors. With a medium to dark value color

background, the typographic information

may be printed in one color (white or black)

as shown in the example below.

Consult the Corps Graphics Coordinator

for advice and counsel where a more elaborate solution is being considered.

Binder Covers — Standard 3-15
Alternate Binder Covers can be developed

as long as the Guidelines for reproduction

of the Corps Communication Mark are

followed. Refer to page 3-15 for Standard

Binder Cover Layouts.

Consult the Corps Graphics Coordinator

for advice on developing alternate Binder

Cover Layouts.

Binder Covers — Alternate 3-16
Standard General Purpose Folders have

been developed with simplicity and clear,

immediate identification foremost in mind.

These folders are filled with widely varying

kinds of information and distributed to a

great variety of audiences, both public and

governmental. Use of the Corps Signatures as the major graphic element

assures instant recognition of the Headquarters or Field Operations Activity concerned and ensures continuity throughout

the Corps in distributing information using

this method of packaging.

HQ is clearly differentiated from all the

FOA by color and treatment of the signature device. The HQ folder is printed in

Communication Red and all FOA folders

show the appropriate Signature in Communication Red and White on a solid

Communication Gray background.

Cover dimensions for these folders are

9" x 12" and the Corps signature is 1-1/16"

height.

General Purpose Folders 3-17
Various Corps Field Operating Activities,

as well as the Office of the Chief of Engineers, find it advantageous to publish periodically in a newspaper format. The feeling

of immediacy and timeliness that news

papers produce is undoubtedly an aid to

communication effectiveness where appropriate. The Corps Graphics system has

been adapted to the newspaper format

as show below.

The essence of this adapted format is a

simple grid system, Century Schoolbook

typography in the text and a flag that

reflects the standard treatment of Corps

publications.

Consult the Corps Graphics

Coordinator for advice and counsel if you

plan to deviate radically from this format.

Newspaper Formats 3-18
Posters are the simplest and most direct

communication vehicle and one of the

most difficult to design effectively. They

require a very strong visual image and an

extremely distilled, simple and, sometimes, clever verbal message. The goal is

an instantaneous, straightforward transmission of visual and verbal message.

Posters fail often when they are burdened

with too much complexity and too much

content, thereby asking too much of the

viewer.

In the example shown below, the standard vocabulary of Corps graphic elements has been utilized with these principles in mind. To impose a grid on posters

would severely limit its potential for power

and surprise, but the spirit of other standard Corps publications is apparent in the

handling of typography and illustration,

even though standard grids are not used.

Posters 3-19
Publication Grids 4
blications 4-1
Publications 4-2
Grid C–51

⁄2" x 81⁄2" Brochures and Directories 4-3
Grid D–41

⁄4" x 53⁄8" Brochures and Directories 4-4
This is the text

Grid E–4" x 9" Pamphlets and Map Guides 4-5
Business Graphics 5

and Forms
The standard Corps business card

design is shown below with layout and

printing specifications. The Corps will not

provide business cards for any of its personnel. Individual Corps employees may

elect, for official purposes, to print business cards at their own expense, adhering to the design specifications below.

Business cards should be printed

using offset lithography. The ink colors

are Communication Red (Pantone red

032) for Corps Castle and Communication Gray (Pantone 408) for all type. Onecolor business cards should be printed in

Communication Gray. Paper stock is

bright white 100 Ib. Vellum Bristol, with

medium plate finish.

Business Cards 5-1

a) Full-size typographic layout guide for business card. Increments for typography are in

points; layout dimensions are in inches.

b) One-color business card using Communication Gray for all elements.

c) Two-color business card with Communication Red mark and Communication Gray

typography.

Specifications:

A 7/16" positive version of the Corps’ signature is used on business cards. District or Division identification is 9 on 9 point Helvetica

Regular type, 12 points placed below and

flush left with the Corps’ signature type.

The individual’s name is 9 point Helvetica

Regular type aligned horizontally with “U.S.

Army Corps” and placed flush left on the vertical center line. The title, or job description, is 7

on 8 point Helvetica Regular type placed 9

points below and flush left with the name. The

address and telephone numbers are 7 on 8

point Helvetica Regular type, 13 points below

and flush left with the individual’s name and

title. All elements should be styled and positioned as shown in the illustrations to the right.

If the individual’s name exceeds the space

from the vertical center line to the 3/16"

margin at the right, move the entire flush left

unit to the left of the vertical center line so that

the last letter of the name abuts the 3/16"

margin.

All nine-digit zip codes are on a separate

line from the city and state. All five-digit zip

codes are on the same line with the city and

state. Telephone numbers should be set as

shown.
In special situations, when a sense of

tradition is important to the visual image of

business cards, the Castle symbol can be

used to replace the Communication Mark.

Consult with the Corps Graphics

Coordinator for advice and counsel when

using the traditional Castle symbol on

business cards. Remember the Corps does

not provide business cards to its personnel.

Business Cards — Castle Symbol Alternate 5-2
The typographic masthead is to be used

for all specific forms of administrative correspondence including News Releases,

Public Notice, specifications, advisories,

bulletins, regulations, procedures, personnel, and employment opportunity notices.

The typographic masthead shall contain

the appropriate Corps Signature, the

standard headline title of the specific item

and the uniform placement location for all

pertinent information that is common to all

items of that specific form. This information

shall include subject dates of issue, who

issued by, and other pertinent identifiers

for reference.

The specific content contained in the

pertinent information section located

below the title will vary depending on the

type of form as shown.

Typographic Masthead Format 5-3
The illustrations below show extension of

the typographic masthead format to three

additional titles. Specific requirements for

ancillary or fill-in information in each title

have been easily satisfied with minor

adaptation of the format. The basic format

should never be altered in any way. Consult the Corps Graphics Coordinator with

specific problems related to adaptation of

the format.

Typography Masthead Format 5-4
The Corps uses a great many forms for

the collection, transmittal, synthesis, dissemination and storage of information.

A successful form design will produce a

product with information clearly requested

and space logically alloted for expeditious

completion. When properly completed, the

form will lessen the time needed for retrieval of information.

Forms are tailor-made to perform very

specific tasks and should always be evaluated in terms of the minimum amount of

information required to perform that task.

These information requirements must be

interpreted and given graphic form. The

example shown below utilizes the Corps

Communication Mark, Helvetica bold and

regular typestyles.

This example is intended as a general

guide to future implementation of Corps

forms. Contact the Forms Management

Officer for advice and counsel on forms

problems.

Electronic forms for publication are

available from HQUSACE Publications

Control Officer. For more information

contact CEIM-IV.

Forms Design Guide 5-5
Signage 6
Sign Standards 6-1 

Corps sign standards are contained within 

a separate set of comprehensive sign 

standards manuals (EP 310-1-6a and 

EP 310-1-6b). The manuals include 

design methodology and visual standards 

for identification, directional, informational, 

instructional, safety and interpretive signs. 

Also included are guidelines for sign 

legends, specifications for materials and 

fabrication, and information on the establishment of a sign maintenance program. 

Contact the district or division sign 

program manager located within the 

Natural Resources Management element, 

Operations or the National Sign Program 

Manager at the Sign Mandatory Center of 

Expertise, St. Paul District, for advice and 

assistance on sign development and other 

sign related issues. 
Vehicles 7
The Corps maintains and operates a wide

variety of vehicles for use in its many

operating activities. Many of these are

obtained through GSA and have been purchased in large lots without concern for

color, visability, or consistency.

Though diverse in size, type, configuration and color, it is intended that each of

the vehicles in the fleet be informally

identified as part of the Corps.

The Corps Signature with the Communication Marik is the one common element to

be used as an identifier for all Corps vehicles. The signature is to be located on both

the right and left side front doors of ground

vehicles. (For exact placement, refer to the

following pages in this section).

Vehicles used by a single Field Operating Activity will use their respective signatures. When more than one activity will be

using a single vehicle, as in a motorpool,

the Corps signature will be used.

There are two signature sizes available

for use on Corps vehicles. Selection of

size is dependent on the vehicles general

configuration and door size. The smaller

size is intended for use on cars, vans, pickups and other lightweight trucks. The

larger size is for use on large, heavy-duty

trucks and heavy equipment. Use the

large signature when large identification is

visually more appropriate to the scale of

the vehicle.

Bebw the signature, and common to all

Corps vehicles identification, is the legend

For Official Use Only. This element conforms to U.S. code and is included in all

vehicle graphic packages and need not be

ordered or applied separately.

The vehicle identification markings

are specified to be adhesive, die cut, prespaced units manufactured from vinyl

material. They are intended to last the life

of the vehicle if properly applied to a clean,

dry surface. (Specific application directions are included on each graphic). Identification graphics may, however, be

removed without harm to vehicle finish

using special solvents if ownership or use

of the vehicle is changed.

The signature for the Corps and each

FOA is available in two sizes; size use

depends on the size and configuration of

the vehicle on which it is to be placed.

Signatures are also manufactured in

three separate color configurations including: 1) Black signature typography with

Communication Mark shown in Communication Red, 2) Black signature and 3) all

White Signature.

It is recommended that all Corps general

purpose vehicles be painted a solid white.

On white vehicles, the two-color signature with black typography and a red Communication Mark is to be used.

On all non-white vehicles, there is to be

placed a black or white signature. Signature color selected is dependent on color

value; the darkness or lightness of the background on which it is placed. Use the

adjacent density scale to determine if a

particular vehicle will use a black or white

signature.

If the vehicle is lighter than the 40% gray

tone shown, the signature coior shall be

black. White signatures shall be placed on

vehicles darker than 40% gray.

Special applications or uses not covered

in this guideline should be referred to the

graphics coordinator for assistance and

review.

Vehicle Introduction and Color Guide 7-1

Black Signature

10 percent gray

Black Signature

20 percent gray

Black Signature

30 percent gray

Black Signature

40 percent gray

White Signature

50 percent gray

White Signature

60 percent gray

White Signature

70 percent gray

White Signature

80 percent gray

White Signature

90 percent gray

White Signature

Black
The diagram below is to be used as a

specification guide for placement of the

Corps Signature on right and left front side

doors of all small Corps ground vehicles

including cars, vans and small trucks.

For selection of correct color of identification markings, refer to the vehicle tone

value scale and use description on page

7-1 of this section.

Exact placement is contingent on vehicle door configuration and the location of

door handles and mirrors.

Contact the Corps Graphics Coordinator

for additional advice and aid in establishing vehicle markings.

Placement Guide–Small Vehicles 7-2
The diagram below is to be used as a

specification guide for placement of the

Corps signature on right and left front side

doors of all large Corps ground vehicles

including trucks and heavy equipment.

For selection of correct color of identification markings, refer to the vehicle tone

value scale and use description on page

7-1 of this section.

Exact placement is contingent on vehicle door configuration and the location of

door handles and mirrors.

Contact the Corps Graphics Coordinator

for additional advice and aid in establishing vehicle markings.

Placement Guide–Large Vehicles 7-3
All light-duty passenger cars, vans and

general purpose light-duty trucks shall be

identified with appropriate Corps or Field

Operations Activity signature along with

the required For Official Use Only legend.

The two examples shown here illustrate

typical applications of the markings.

The top demonstration shows the recommended white Corps vehicle with twocolor signature identification (black type

and red Communication Mark).

The beige pick-up truck represents a

common GSA vehicle of unspecified color.

The vehicle tone value is within a range

that is less than 40 percent gray. On all

vehicles with color equivalent to 40 percent gray or lighter, the appropriate signature for use is black as shown. Note that

the castle and border outline within the

Communication Mark is shown in white,

not the overall color of the vehicle.

Questions concerning appropriate signature color or size should be referred to

the Corps Graphics Coordinator for assistance and review.

Small Vehicle Identification 7-4
The dark green truck, shown at top, is

intended to exemplify all dark-color vehicles in the Corps fleet. On all vehicles that

are painted a color having a tone value

darker than 40 percent gray, the appropriate signature for use is white as shown.

The survey vessel shown below is a typical example of special purpose vehicle

marking situations. Intended as a schematic example only, this diagram shows

the placement of the Communication Mark

in a predominant position on large special

purpose vehicles. The signature identification for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

and/or appropriate FOA is positioned relative to the unique configuration of the vehicle and positioned for maximum readability

and legibility.

The rules governing color, graphic identification and safety markings of special

purpose vehicles are necessarily different

from those for passenger and light-duty

ground vehicles. Before applying color or

identification markings to types of vehicles

not included in this ground vehicles section, consult the Corps Graphics Coordinator for advice and assistance.

Large Vehicle and Special Purpose Vehicles Identification 7-5
For a more reserved manner when

identifying Corps vehicles use a clear

plastic window decal. The decal consists of

white graphics reproduced on a clear

plastic self-adhesive carrier. Locate the

decal on the inside rear window, on the

passengers side, 2" from the window

bottom and 2" from the right side of the

window.

Rear Window Decal 7-6
Miscellaneous 8
The Corps and its various Field Operating

Activities regularly present special certificates to Corps personnel and associates

of the Corps in recognition of the completion of training programs or special

accomplishments.

The traditional castle symbol and the

Essayons crest are to be used in preparing

these certificates.

In the two examples shown, one is

extremely formal and classical in style,

and usesTimes Roman typography in

combination with the Essayons crest. The

second example uses the traditional

castle symbol with Century Schoolbook

typography and has a considerably

more contemporary look.

Either of these visual attitudes is appropriate for use on certificates and awards,

particularly in combination with the historically traditional symbolism of the Corps.

Special Certificates 8-1
Uniform Patches 8-2

A standard uniform patch design has been

developed for all Corps Field Operating

Activities.

The major element in the patch design is

the Corps signature, to which may be

added a location/job description patch.

The recommended color treatment prescribes a red Corps Communication Mark

and all black typography shown against a

white background shape. Since the colors

of uniforms will vary from activity to activity,

this color scheme may not be appropriate

for all applications. Refer to page 1-5 for

alternate color solutions and consult the

Corps Graphics Coordinator for advice

and assistance.
One of the Corps’ important functions is to

assist and aid the public and other government agencies in bringing various disaster

situations under control. At the actual site

of a major flood, tornado or other natural

disaster, it is extremely important that

Corps personnel be immediately recognizable and easily found in crowded and often

chaotic conditions.

A graphic system, using the standard

Corps identification elements, has been

developed to identify Corps Emergency

Operation Personnel.

The central element in this system is a

shield, shown below, incorporating the

Corps Signature, Communication Mark and

the legend Emergency Operations, the

dominant color of which is red, symbolic

of emergency operations everywhere.

Page 8-4, which follows, outlines typical

applications of the Emergency Operations

shield. For advice and assistance with

additional applications not shown in this

manual, contact the Corps Graphics

Coordinator.

Emergency Operations Identification 8-3
The jacket and armband, shown at top,

have been designed to carry the Corps

Emergency Operations Identification

markings. The color of each is solid Communication Red and matches exactly the

red color of the shield.

The shield is to be applied to the back of

the field jacket as shown and, in addition,

to the front of the jacket a Corps Communication Mark is applied as a secondary

means of identification.

The armband is to be worn by Corps

personnel when a jacket is unavailable or

inappropriate due to hot weather, etc.

The diagram shown below illustrates the

shield applied to the door of a vehicle.

Because of the nature of events that call

Corps Emergency Operations units into

action, various kinds of vehicles may have

to be used which have no relationship

to Corps colors or graphics. The shield,

then, is designed to be applied to any

available vehicle door by the use of magnetic mounting devices on the back of the

shield plaque.

Emergency Operations Identification Standard Applications 8-4
The Hard Hat identification shall comply

with CESO-0 memorandum dated 8 April

1994 — Subject: Standard Color and

Marking of Protective Headgear used by

USACE personnel. The Identification

consists of a pressure sensitive label

applique printed in standard Corps Communication Red and Black and a band of

red reflective material placed along the

base of the Hat crown with a five-inch break

in front. Personnel may place their name

above the Communication Mark and their

organization title below the mark. The rank

of Military personnel should precede their

name. Local use of the sides of Hard Hats

for safety decals is authorized.

Hard Hat 8-5
Name Tag graphics can be developed in a

number of variations. However, it is recommended always to align the individuals

name flush left – either above or below the

Corps Communication Mark.

Name Tags 8-6
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers produces thousands of contract documents

every year. Within each set are architectural drawings, engineering drawings,

specifications, etc. Following are specific

guidelines for insuring uniformity of

certain features common to all drawings

produced by the Corps. Every effort was

made to present standards that will aid

the project manager, architect, engineer,

or draftsman in production of good

quality and economical drawings.

Concept and final project drawings, as

well as drawings for standard and

definitive designs, will be prepared on

standard 28" x 40" (70 x 100cm) sheets.

Methods used for drawing, lettering,

dimensioning, and cross-referencing

should be economical and assure

legibility when drawings are reduced to

half-size in reproduction. Lettering styles

should be standardized within a set of

drawings regardless of the discipline

involved. Special application or uses not

covered in these guidelines or any

questions concerning them should be

referred to the graphics coordinator for

assistance and review.

Architectural/Engineering Contract Documents 8-7
8-8
ral/Engineering Contract Documents 8-9

nt

d

g

h

block. The revision block will providespaces for revision entries, includingrevision symbols, descriptions, dates,and approving officers’ initials.Authentication Block

Authentication blocks will be placed onthe index sheet to the left of the controldata block. Authentication blocks willprovide spaces for the signatures of

those responsible for the preparation,review, and approval of the drawings. Insome cases, approval may be requiredfor both technical and functionaladequacy. Space will also be provided toindicate the date next to the signature.Use of authentication blocks on otherdrawing sheets will be at the discretionof the preparing activity.

Sheet Centerline Arrows

Locate arrowheads for microfilmingalignment on horizontal and verticalcenters of overall sheet at each of foursides.Sheet GridThe sheet grid is used as an aid inreferencing locations on contractdocuments. Grid indicators will be 1⁄4"

helvetica regular, all caps, and willwork outward from the title block as indicated in the drawing above.
8-10

U.S. ARMY ENGINEER DISTRICT

CORPS OF ENGINEERS

FT. WORTH, TEXAS

JOE SMITH ASSOCIATES

ARCHITECTS • ENGINEERS

DALLAS • HOUSTON

FT. WORTH, TEXAS

READINESS

ADMINISTRATION FACILITY

PN XXX FY 81

ELEVATIONS

1⁄8" = 1'-0"

F 610-50-01 A-7 10 122
Reproduction Art 9
Inside the foldout are various standard

sizes of the Corps Communication

Mark/Signature in both positive (for use on

a white or light color background) and

negative (for use on a black or dark color

background) treatments.

These are to be used at the sizes shown

and are never to be altered in any way. To

use, simply clip the appropriate size signature from the page and use if for reproduction purposes as part of your finished art or

mechanical.

Contact the Corps Graphics Coordinator

for additional supplies of reproduction art.

Reproduction Art – The Communication Mark/Signature 9-1

Inside this fold-out are various standard

sizes of the Corps Communication

Mark/Signature in both positive (for use on

a white or light color background) and

negative (for use on a black or dark color

background) treatments.

These are to be used at the sizes shown

and are never to be altered in any way. To

use, simply clip the appropriate size signature from the page and use it for reproduction purposes as part of your finished art or

mechanical.

Contact the Corps Graphics Coordinator

for additional supplies of reproduction art.

Reproduction Art – The Communication Mark/Signature 9-3

The Mark in this demonstration has been

placed on a guideline grid. The exact proportions shown are to be followed exactly

when manually reproducing the Mark at

extremely large sizes. This would include

reproduction for placement of the Mark on

flags, signage, and large applications.

Use the grid method of reproduction

only when photo reproduction of provided

artwork cannot be satisfactorily scaled to

the proper size.

Any proposed use of the Mark in large

sizes should be reviewed with the Corps

Graphics Coordinator.

Large Scale Application Grid Drawing of Communication Mark 9-5
This artwork may be used when reproducing the traditional Corps Castle Symbol.

Reduction or enlargement of this art may

be necessary. If so, always photograph

from these originals.

Contact the Corps Graphics Coordinator

for information and artwork from which

to reproduce the Essayons Crest in black

and white or in full color.

Reproduction Art – Traditional Castle Symbol 9-6
These color swatches should be used for

visual matching to achieve the standard

Communication Red to be printed on

coated paper stock. These swatches should

also be used to achieve a visual match

in any medium other than printing inks.

Color Swatches – Communication Red (Coated Stock) 9-7
These color swatches should be used for

visual matching to achieve the standard

Communication Red to be printed on

uncoated paper stock.

Color Swatches – Communciation Red (Uncoated Stock) 9-8
These color swatches should be used

for visual matching to achieve Communication Gray to be printed on

coated paper stock. These swatches

should also be used to achieve a visual

match in any medium other than printing inks.

Color Swatches – Communication Gray (Coated Stock) 9-9
These color swatches should be used

for visual matching to achieve Communication Gray to be printed on uncoated

paper stock.

Color Swatches – Communication Gray (Uncoated Stock) 9-10