[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 164 (Wednesday, August 26, 2009)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 43085-43087]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-20597]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R09-OAR-2009-0558; FRL-8949-4]


Revisions to the Arizona State PM-10 Implementation Plan; 
Maricopa County Air Quality Department

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve revisions to the Maricopa County 
Air Quality Department (MCAQD) portion of the Arizona State 
Implementation Plan (SIP). These revisions concern particulate matter 
(PM) emissions from non-metallic mineral mining and processing in the 
Maricopa County (Phoenix) serious PM-10 nonattainment area. We are 
proposing to approve a local rule that regulates these emission sources 
under the Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990 (CAA or the Act). We are 
taking comments on this proposal and plan to follow with a final 
action.

DATES: Any comments must arrive by September 25, 2009.

ADDRESSES: Submit comments, identified by docket number [EPA-R09-OAR-
2009-0558], by one of the following methods:
    1. Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. Follow 
the on-line instructions.
    2. E-mail: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#f7848392949c929bd9969993859280b7928796d9909881"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="84f7f0e1e7efe1e8aae5eae0f6e1f3c4e1f4e5aae3ebf2">[email protected]</span></a>.
    3. Mail or deliver: Andrew Steckel (Air-4), U.S. Environmental 
Protection Agency Region IX, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, CA 
94105-3901.
    Instructions: All comments will be included in the public docket 
without change and may be made available online at http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided, 
unless the comment includes Confidential Business Information (CBI) or 
other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. 
Information that you consider CBI or otherwise protected should be 
clearly identified as such and should not be submitted through http://www.regulations.gov or e-mail. http://www.regulations.gov is an 
``anonymous access'' system, and EPA will not know your identity or 
contact information unless you provide it in the body of your comment. 
If you send e-mail directly to EPA, your e-mail address will be 
automatically captured and included as part of the public comment. If 
EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot 
contact you for clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your 
comment.
    Docket: The index to the docket for this action is available 
electronically at http://www.regulations.gov and in hard copy at EPA 
Region IX, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California. While all 
documents in the docket are listed in the index, some information may 
be publicly available only at the hard copy location (e.g., copyrighted 
material), and some may not be publicly available in either location 
(e.g., CBI). To inspect the hard copy materials, please schedule an 
appointment during normal business hours with the contact listed in the 
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sona Chilingaryan, EPA Region IX, 
(415) 972-3368, <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#6a0902030603040d0b18130b04441905040b2a0f1a0b440d051c"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="bad9d2d3d6d3d4dddbc8c3dbd494c9d5d4dbfadfcadb94ddd5cc">[email protected]</span></a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, ``we,'' ``us'' and 
``our'' refer to EPA.

Table of Contents

I. The State's Submittal
    A. What rule did the State submit?
    B. Are there other versions of this rule?
    C. What is the purpose of the submitted rule revision?
II. EPA's Evaluation and Proposed Action
    A. How is EPA evaluating the rule?
    B. Does the rule meet the evaluation criteria?
    C. EPA recommendations to further improve the rule.
    D. Proposed action and public comment.
III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. The State's Submittal

A. What rule did the State submit?

    Table 1 lists the rule addressed by this proposal with the dates on 
which it was adopted by the local air agency and submitted by the 
Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ).

                                            Table 1--Submitted Rules
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            Local agency                  Rule No.            Rule title            Adopted         Submitted
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MCAQD...............................             316   Nonmetallic Mineral             3/10/08          7/10/08
                                                        Processing.
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[[Page 43086]]

    The submittal became complete by operation of law on January 10, 
2009 pursuant to section 110(k)(1)(B) of the Clean Air Act.

B. Are there other versions of this rule?

    We approved a version of Rule 316 into the SIP on January 4, 2001. 
MCAQD adopted revisions to the SIP-approved version on June 8, 2005 and 
ADEQ submitted them to us on October 7, 2005. We proposed approval of 
the June 8, 2005 version of Rule 316 on July 12, 2006 (71 FR 39251). 
The June 8, 2005 version of the rule was superseded by the March 10, 
2008 version of the rule. Therefore we will not be taking final action 
on our July 12, 2006 proposed approval.\1\ We can act on only the most 
recently submitted version. We have, however, reviewed materials 
provided with previous submittals in evaluating the rule that is the 
subject of this proposed action.
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    \1\ As a result, we are not responding to the comments we 
received on that proposed approval at this time. Commenters wishing 
to again raise issues raised in comments on that proposal should 
resubmit applicable comments to the docket for this rulemaking.
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C. What is the purpose of the submitted rule?

    PM contributes to effects that are harmful to human health and the 
environment, including premature mortality, aggravation of respiratory 
and cardiovascular disease, decreased lung function, visibility 
impairment, and damage to vegetation and ecosystems. Section 110(a) of 
the CAA requires States to submit regulations that control PM 
emissions. In addition, SIP rules in serious PM-10 nonattainment areas 
such as the Maricopa County area must implement at least Best Available 
Control Measures (BACM), including Best Available Control Technology 
(BACT) (see CAA section 189(b)(1)(B) and 40 CFR 81.303). Rule 316 
limits the emissions of particulate matter from stack, fugitive and 
process sources at nonmetallic mineral processing plants. Among other 
things, Rule 316 has opacity requirements for stack emissions, requires 
that a minimum moisture content be maintained at crushers, shaker 
screens, and material transfer points, has silt loading and 
stabilization standards for unpaved roads and disturbed areas, as well 
as track out control provisions which require the use of rumble grates 
and wheel washers. EPA's technical support document (TSD) has more 
information about this rule.

II. EPA's Evaluation and Proposed Action

A. How is EPA evaluating the rule?

    Generally, SIP rules must be enforceable (see CAA section 110(a)) 
and must not relax existing requirements (see section 110(l)). As 
stated above, SIP rules must also implement at least Best Available 
Control Measures (BACM), including Best Available Control Technology 
(BACT), in serious PM-10 nonattainment areas such as the Maricopa 
County area. The CAA does not clearly define what level of control 
constitutes BACM for specific activities. In guidance, we have defined 
it to be, among other things, the maximum degree of emission reduction 
achievable from a source or source category which is determined on a 
case-by-case basis, considering energy, economic, environmental impacts 
and other costs.\2\ We have outlined in our guidance a four-step 
process for identifying BACM. Addendum at 42010-42014. These steps 
include developing a detailed emissions inventory of PM-10 sources and 
source categories, evaluating the impact on PM-10 concentrations of the 
various sources and source categories to determine which are 
significant,\3\ identifying potential BACM for significant source 
categories and evaluating their reasonableness, considering 
technological feasibility, costs, and energy and environmental impacts, 
and providing for the implementation of the BACM or providing a 
reasoned justification for rejecting any potential BACM.
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    \2\ ``State Implementation Plans for Serious PM-10 Nonattainment 
Areas, and Attainment Date Waivers for PM-10 Nonattainment Areas 
Generally; Addendum to the General Preamble for the Implementation 
of Title I of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990,'' (Addendum), 59 
FR 41998, 42010 (August 16, 1994).
    \3\ We have established a presumption that a ``significant'' 
source category is one that contributes 5 [mu]g/m\3\ or more of PM-
10 to a location of 24-hour violation. Addendum at 42011. ADEQ 
identified industrial sources as significant contributors to PM-10 
24-hour exceedances at the Salt River monitors (see the Revised PM-
10 State Implementation Plan for the Salt River Area, September 
2005, Table 4.2.1, pgs. 26 and 27). ADEQ found that the vast 
majority of industrial source PM-10 emissions are generated by 
nonmetallic mineral processing sources. Additional information about 
the Salt River Plan can be found at 71 FR 39251 (July 12, 2006).
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    SIP rules in serious PM-10 non-attainment areas, such as the 
Maricopa area, for which the State has requested an attainment date 
extension beyond 2001, must also meet the Most Stringent Measures (MSM) 
requirement in section 188(e).\4\ The CAA section 188(e) requirement 
for MSM is similar to the requirement for BACM. Under section 188(e), 
serious PM-10 areas applying for an attainment date extension are 
required to include in their attainment plans the most stringent 
measures included in other SIPs or in practice in other states and 
which can be feasibly implemented in the area. Given the similarity 
between the BACM requirement and the MSM requirement, we believe that 
determining MSM should follow a process similar to determining BACM, 
but with one additional step, to compare the potentially most stringent 
measure against the measures already adopted in the area to determine 
if the existing measures are most stringent. See 66 FR 50252, 50281, 
50284 (October 2, 2001) for a discussion of our interpretation of the 
BACM and MSM requirements as applied to the Maricopa area.
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    \4\ EPA granted the attainment date extension requested by the 
State on July 25, 2002 (67 FR 48718).
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    Guidance and policy documents that we used to help evaluate 
specific enforceability and BACM requirements include the following:
    1. ``Issues Relating to VOC Regulation Cutpoints, Deficiencies, and 
Deviations; Clarification to Appendix D of November 24, 1987 Federal 
Register Notice,'' (Blue Book), notice of availability published in the 
May 25, 1988 Federal Register.
    2. ``Guidance Document for Correcting Common VOC & Other Rule 
Deficiencies,'' EPA Region 9, August 21, 2001 (the Little Bluebook).
    3. ``State Implementation Plans for Serious PM-10 Nonattainment 
Areas, and Attainment Date Waivers for PM-10 Nonattainment Areas 
Generally; Addendum to the General Preamble for the Implementation of 
Title I of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990,'' 59 FR 41998 (August 
16, 1994).
    4. ``PM-10 Guideline Document,'' EPA 452/R-93-008, April 1993.
    5. ``Fugitive Dust Background Document and Technical Information 
Document for Best Available Control Measures,'' EPA 450/2-92-004, 
September 1992.
    We also compared Rule 316 to several regulations in other PM-10 
nonattainment areas, which are further described in the TSD.

B. Does the rule meet the evaluation criteria?

    We believe this rule is consistent with the relevant guidance and 
meets the requirements in CAA section 110(a) regarding enforceability, 
the

[[Page 43087]]

requirements in CAA section 110(l) regarding SIP relaxation, and the 
requirements in CAA sections 189(b)(1)(B) and 188(e) regarding BACM and 
MSM. Monitoring, recordkeeping, reporting and associated requirements 
generally ensure that the submitted rule can be enforced. The March 10, 
2008 version of Rule 316 is more stringent than the SIP-approved rule. 
Moreover, in addition to reviewing the analysis submitted by ADEQ, we 
have compared the requirements in Rule 316 to requirements in 
comparable rules in other PM-10 nonattainment areas and believe that 
Rule 316 is generally as stringent as the requirements in those other 
areas. The TSD has more information on our evaluation.

C. EPA Recommendations To Further Improve the Rule

    The TSD describes additional rule revisions that do not affect 
EPA's current proposed action but are recommended for the next time 
MCAQD modifies the rule.

D. Proposed Action and Public Comment

    Because EPA believes the submitted rule fulfills all relevant 
requirements, we are proposing to fully approve it pursuant to CAA 
section 110(k)(3) as meeting the requirements of sections 189(b)(1)(B) 
and 188(e). We will accept comments from the public on this proposal 
for the next 30 days. Unless we receive convincing new information 
during the comment period, we intend to publish a final approval action 
that will incorporate this rule into the Federally enforceable SIP.

III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the Clean Air Act, the Administrator is required to approve a 
SIP submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and 
applicable Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). 
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve State 
choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the Clean Air Act. 
Accordingly, this action merely approves state law as meeting Federal 
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those 
imposed by State law. For that reason, this action:
    <bullet> Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to 
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
    <bullet> Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
    <bullet> Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
    <bullet> Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
    <bullet> Does not have Federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
    <bullet> Is not an economically significant regulatory action based 
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 
19885, April 23, 1997);
    <bullet> Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
    <bullet> Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the Clean Air Act; and
    <bullet> Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to 
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental 
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under 
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
    In addition, this rule does not have tribal implications as 
specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), 
because the SIP is not approved to apply in Indian country located in 
the State, and EPA notes that it will not impose substantial direct 
costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Intergovernmental 
relations, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

    Dated: July 31, 2009.
Laura Yoshii,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region IX.
[FR Doc. E9-20597 Filed 8-25-09; 8:45 am]
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