42098 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 160 / Thursday, August 20, 2009 / Notices 

The well-preserved nature of the skull 

is indicative of an aerial burial 

technique. New York State Museum 

staff report that this skull does not show 

evidence of a ground burial, which 

suggests the group practiced mainly 

aerial burial without secondary 

interment, or collection interrupting the 

burial cycle. 

The Puyallup Tribe is one of the tribes 

in the Puget Sound area. The history of 

the Puyallup Tribe records evidence of 

a ‘‘Puyallup graveyard,’’ which was 

situated between the villages on 

Commencement Bay and Point 

Defiance. The graveyard covered 

approximately one acre of ground and 

‘‘contained canoes in various 

conditions.’’ The Puyallup gravesite was 

upset in 1882, when a farmer received 

permission to clear the gravesite for use 

as a pasture. This date, in the same 

decade that John James discovered the 

skull in question, might indicate that 

the skull was unearthed in 1882, and 

found by Mr. James in 1888. Puyallup 

canoe burials involved the body being 

wrapped in robes and blankets and then 

the entire canoe was covered with mats 

with shed water, which is a type of 

aerial burial practiced by the tribes in 

the Puget Sound area. The Puget Sound 

ancestral practices of skull-flattening 

and areal burial are consistent with the 

assessment of the skull by the New York 

State Museum professional staff. The 

tribes in the Puget Sound area are the 

Muckleshoot Indian Tribe of the 

Muckleshoot Reservation, Washington; 

Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually 

Reservation, Washington; Puyallup 

Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation, 

Washington; Squaxin Island Tribe of the 

Squaxin Island Reservation, 

Washington; Squamish Indian Tribe of 

the Port Madison Reservation, 

Washington; Swinomish Indians of the 

Swinomish Reservation, Washington; 

and Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip 

Reservation, Washington. 

Officials of the Chemung Valley 

History Museum have determined that, 

pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (9–10), the 

human remains described above 

represent the physical remains of one 

individual of Native American ancestry. 

Officials of the Chemung Valley History 

Museum also have determined that, 

pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (2), there is 

a relationship of shared group identity 

that can be reasonably traced between 

the Native American human remains 

and the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe of the 

Muckleshoot Reservation, Washington; 

Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually 

Reservation, Washington; Puyallup 

Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation, 

Washington; Squaxin Island Tribe of the 

Squaxin Island Reservation, 

Washington; Squamish Indian Tribe of 

the Port Madison Reservation, 

Washington; Swinomish Indians of the 

Swinomish Reservation, Washington; 

and/or Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip 

Reservation, Washington. 

Representatives of any other tribe that 

believes itself to be culturally affiliated 

with the human remains should contact 

Casey Lewis, Curator, Chemung Valley 

History Museum, 415 E. Water St., 

Elmira, NY 14901, telephone (607) 734– 

4167, before September 21, 2009. 

Repatriation of the human remains to 

the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe of the 

Muckleshoot Reservation, Washington; 

Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually 

Reservation, Washington; Puyallup 

Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation, 

Washington; Squaxin Island Tribe of the 

Squaxin Island Reservation, 

Washington; Squamish Indian Tribe of 

the Port Madison Reservation, 

Washington; Swinomish Indians of the 

Swinomish Reservation, Washington; 

and/or Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip 

Reservation, Washington may proceed 

after that date if no additional claimants 

come forward. 

The Chemung Valley History Museum 

is responsible for notifying the 

Muckleshoot Indian Tribe of the 

Muckleshoot Reservation, Washington; 

Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually 

Reservation, Washington; Puyallup 

Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation, 

Washington; Squaxin Island Tribe of the 

Squaxin Island Reservation, 

Washington; Squamish Indian Tribe of 

the Port Madison Reservation, 

Washington; Swinomish Indians of the 

Swinomish Reservation, Washington; 

and Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip 

Reservation, Washington that this notice 

has been published. 

Dated: July 28, 2009. 

Sherry Hutt, 

Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. E9–19984 Filed 8–19–09; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–50–S 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

Notice of Inventory Completion: 

Fernbank Museum of Natural History, 

Atlanta, GA 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

Notice is here given in accordance 

with the Native American Graves 

Protection and Repatriation Act 

(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C 3003, of the 

completion of an inventory of human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

in the possession of the Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History, Atlanta, 

GA. The human remains and associated 

funerary objects were removed from St. 

Catherines Island, Liberty County, GA. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003 (d)(3). The determinations 

in this notice are the sole responsibility 

of the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the Native 

American human remains and 

associated funerary objects. The 

National Park Service is not responsible 

for the determinations in this notice. 

A detailed inventory and assessment 

of the human remains and funerary 

objects was made by Fernbank Museum 

of Natural History curatorial staff, aided 

by published reports and other 

documentation prepared by the 

American Museum of Natural History, 

and in consultation with the AlabamaQuassarte Tribal Town, Oklahoma; 

Muscogee (Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; 

Poarch Band of Creek Indians of 

Alabama; Seminole Nation of 

Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida 

(Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, 

Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and 

the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, 

Oklahoma. 

The human remains and associated 

funerary objects described in this notice 

are from the St. Catherines Island 

Foundation and Edward John Noble 

Foundation Archeological Collection, 

and were removed from sites on 

privately-owned land on St. Catherines 

Island, GA, during research conducted 

under the auspices of the Edward John 

Noble and the St. Catherines Island 

Foundations. A phased transfer of the 

collection to Fernbank Museum of 

Natural History was initiated in 2004, 

under a gift agreement with both 

foundations, and will be completed by 

January 2010. Presently, Fernbank 

Museum is in possession of 

approximately 90 percent of the 

collection by volume. Except for those 

individuals and associated funerary 

objects described in this notice, most of 

the collection is determined to be 

culturally unidentifiable. The curatorial 

staff of the Fernbank Museum do not 

believe it is possible to trace a shared 

group identity between present-day 

Indian tribes and human remains and 

associated funerary objects that pre-date 

the late prehistoric Mississippian (Irene) 

Period (A.D. 1350–1580) on the Georgia 

coast, since the preponderance of 

evidence presently available from 

archeological, ethnohistorical, and other 

relevant sources does not establish a 

clear historical affiliation. 


sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with NOTICES
Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 160 / Thursday, August 20, 2009 / Notices 42099 

In 1969–1970, human remains were 

removed from Johns Mound (9LI18), 

Liberty County, GA, during 

archeological excavations conducted by 

the University of Georgia under the 

direction of Dr. Joseph R. Caldwell. The 

human remains were subsequently 

subjected to bioarcheological study 

under the direction of Dr. Clark Spencer 

Larsen, working in collaboration with 

the American Museum of Natural 

History. After storage for intervals at the 

University of Georgia and on St. 

Catherines Island, the human remains 

were transferred to the Fernbank 

Museum by the Edward John Noble 

Foundation in 2004. Of the 72 

individuals removed, only 2 have been 

determined to be culturally affiliated. 

No known individuals were identified. 

The six associated funerary objects are 

three ceramic vessels, two bone pins, 

and one set of fragments of small shell 

beads. 

The majority of the human remains 

from Johns Mound are determined to be 

culturally unidentifiable. Exceptions to 

this determination concern two 

intrusive burials in Johns Mound with 

associated materials that date them to 

the historic Contact (Altamaha) Period 

(A.D. 1580–1700). Curatorial staff of the 

Fernbank Museum reasonably believe, 

based on historical geography, general 

continuities of material culture, and 

probable linguistic continuity across the 

Late Prehistoric/Contact Period 

boundary, as well as previous NAGPRA 

determinations for human remains and 

funerary objects from the Georgia coast, 

that a relationship of shared group 

identity can be traced between the 

historic Contact (Altamaha) Period 

inhabitants of coastal Georgia and six 

present-day Indian tribes. These six 

Indian tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte 

Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee 

(Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band 

of Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole 

Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of 

Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, 

Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and 

the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, 

Oklahoma. 

In 1976–1977, human remains were 

removed from Seaside Mound II (9LI62), 

Liberty County, GA, during 

archeological excavations conducted by 

the American Museum of Natural 

History under the direction of Dr. David 

Hurst Thomas. The human remains 

were subsequently subjected to 

bioarchaeological study under the 

direction of Dr. Larsen, working in 

collaboration with the American 

Museum of Natural History. After 

storage for intervals at the American 

Museum of Natural History and on St. 

Catherines Island, the human remains 

were transferred to the Fernbank 

Museum by the Edward John Noble 

Foundation in 2004. Of the 19 

individuals removed, only 3 have been 

determined to be culturally affiliated. 

No known individuals were identified. 

No associated funerary objects 

recovered from the site were transferred 

to the Fernbank Museum. 

The majority of the human remains 

from Seaside Mound II are determined 

to be culturally unidentifiable. 

Exceptions to this determination 

concern three intrusive burials in 

Seaside Mound II with associated 

materials that date them to the late 

prehistoric Mississippian (Irene) Period 

(A.D. 1350–1580). Curatorial staff of the 

Fernbank Museum reasonably believe, 

based on historical geography, general 

continuities of material culture, and 

probable linguistic continuity across the 

Late Prehistoric/Contact Period 

boundary, as well as previous NAGPRA 

determinations for human remains and 

funerary objects from the Georgia coast, 

that a relationship of shared group 

identity can be traced between the 

historic Contact (Altamaha) Period 

inhabitants of coastal Georgia and six 

present-day Indian tribes. These six 

Indian tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte 

Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee 

(Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band 

of Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole 

Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of 

Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, 

Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and 

the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, 

Oklahoma. 

In 1986, and from 1991 to 1993, 

human remains representing at least 37 

individuals were removed from South 

End Mound I (9LI3), Liberty County, 

GA, during archeological excavations. In 

1986, the excavations were conducted 

by the American Museum of Natural 

History under the direction of Dr. 

Thomas. In 1991–1993, the excavations 

were conducted under the direction of 

Dr. Larsen. The human remains were 

subsequently subjected to 

bioarcheological study under the 

direction of Dr. Larsen. After storage for 

intervals at Purdue University, 

University of North Carolina – Chapel 

Hill, American Museum of Natural 

History, and on St. Catherines Island, 

the human remains were transferred to 

the Fernbank Museum by the Edward 

John Noble Foundation in 2004. No 

known individuals were identified. No 

associated funerary objects recovered 

from the site were transferred to the 

Fernbank Museum. 

Based on associated material culture 

and radiocarbon dating results, the 

curatorial staff of the Fernbank Museum 

believes it is reasonable to trace a 

relationship of shared group identity 

between the late prehistoric 

Mississippian (Irene) Period (A.D. 1350– 

1580) and the historic Contact 

(Altamaha) Period (A.D. 1580–1700) 

inhabitants of coastal Georgia and six 

present-day Indian tribes. These six 

Indian tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte 

Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee 

(Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band 

of Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole 

Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of 

Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, 

Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and 

the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, 

Oklahoma. This determination is made 

on the basis of historical geography, 

general continuities of material culture, 

and probable linguistic continuity 

across the Late Prehistoric/Contact 

Period boundary, as well as previous 

NAGPRA determinations for human 

remains and funerary objects from the 

Georgia coast. 

In 1982–1986, human remains 

representing 431 individuals were 

removed from the site of Mission Santa 

Catalina de Guale (9LI274), Liberty 

County, GA, during archeological 

excavations conducted by the American 

Museum of Natural History under the 

direction of Dr. Thomas and Dr. Larsen. 

The human remains were subsequently 

subjected to bioarcheological study 

under the direction of Dr. Larsen, 

working in collaboration with the 

American Museum of Natural History. 

After storage for intervals at Northern 

Illinois University and on St. Catherines 

Island, most of the human remains were 

reburied at the site on two occasions. In 

May 1984, three coffins containing 

human remains were returned to the 

cemetery in conjunction with a 

ceremony to reconsecrate the Catholic 

church site, conducted by Bishop 

Raymond Lessard. In April 2000, 

additional human remains were placed 

in 26 individual, specially built 

containers and reburied in the same 

location, in a ceremony presided over 

by an ordained Presbyterian minister. 

The human remains of at least 18 

individuals from the mission site are 

now in possession of the Fernbank 

Museum. These remains are all teeth 

that were apparently separated from the 

reinterred material. No known 

individuals were identified. No 

associated funerary objects have been 

transferred to the Fernbank Museum. 

Based on associated material culture 

and radiocarbon dating results, the 

curatorial staff of Fernbank Museum 

believe it is reasonable to trace a 

relationship of shared group identity 

between the historic Contact (Altamaha) 

Period (A.D. 1580–1700) inhabitants of 

coastal Georgia at mission Santa 


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42100 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 160 / Thursday, August 20, 2009 / Notices 

Catalina de Guale and six present-day 

Indian tribes. This determination is 

made on the basis of historical 

geography, general continuities of 

material culture, and probable linguistic 

continuity across the Late Prehistoric/ 

Contact Period boundary, as well as 

previous NAGPRA determinations for 

human remains and funerary objects 

from the Georgia coast. These six Indian 

tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal 

Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek) 

Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band of 

Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole 

Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of 

Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, 

Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and 

the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, 

Oklahoma. 

Officials of the Fernbank Museum of 

Natural History have determined that, 

pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (9–10), the 

human remains described above 

represent the physical remains of 60 

individuals of Native American 

ancestry. Officials of the Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History also have 

determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 

3001 (3)(A), the six objects described 

above are reasonably believed to have 

been placed with or near individual 

human remains at the time of death or 

later as part of the death rite or 

ceremony. Lastly, officials of the 

Fernbank Museum of Natural History 

have determined that, pursuant to 25 

U.S.C. 3001 (2), there is a relationship 

of shared group identity which can be 

reasonably traced between the Native 

American human remains and 

associated funerary objects and the 

Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, 

Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek) Nation, 

Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek 

Indians of Alabama; Seminole Nation of 

Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida 

(Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, 

Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and 

the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, 

Oklahoma. 

Representatives of any other Indian 

tribe that believes itself to be culturally 

affiliated with the human remains and 

associated funerary objects should 

contact Dennis B. Blanton, Curator – 

Native American Archaeology, 

Fernbank Museum of Natural History, 

767 Clifton Rd. NE., Atlanta, GA 30307– 

1221, telephone: (404) 929–6304, before 

September 21, 2009. Repatriation of the 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects to the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal 

Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek) 

Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band of 

Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole 

Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of 

Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, 

Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and 

the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, 

Oklahoma may proceed after that date if 

no additional claimants come forward. 

The Fernbank Museum of Natural 

History is responsible for notifying the 

Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, 

Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek) Nation, 

Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek 

Indians of Alabama; Seminole Nation of 

Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida 

(Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, 

Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and 

the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, 

Oklahoma that this notice has been 

published. 

Dated: August 5, 2009. 

Sherry Hutt, 

Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. E9–19983 Filed 8–19–09; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–50–S 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. 

Department of Defense, Army Corps of 

Engineers, Walla Walla District, Walla 

Walla, WA and Museum of 

Anthropology, Washington State 

University, Pullman, WA 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

Notice is here given in accordance 

with the Native American Graves 

Protection and Repatriation Act 

(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the 

completion of an inventory of human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

in the control of the U.S. Department of 

Defense, Army Corps of Engineers, 

Walla Walla District, Walla Walla, WA, 

and in the physical custody of the 

Museum of Anthropology, Washington 

State University, Pullman, WA. The 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects were removed from the Marmes 

Rockshelter (45FR50) in Franklin 

County, WA. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003 (d)(3). The determinations 

in this notice are the sole responsibility 

of the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the Native 

American human remains and 

associated funerary objects. The 

National Park Service is not responsible 

for the determinations in this notice. 

A detailed assessment of the human 

remains was made by the U.S. 

Department of Defense, Army Corps of 

Engineers professional staff in 

consultation with representatives of the 

Confederated Tribes of the Colville 

Reservation, Washington; Confederated 

Tribes of the Umatilla Indian 

Reservation, Oregon; Confederated 

Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation, 

Washington; Nez Perce Tribe, Idaho; 

and the Wanapum Band, a nonFederally recognized Indian group. 

In 1962, 1963, 1964, and 1968, human 

remains representing a minimum of 45 

individuals were removed from the 

Marmes Rockshelter (45FR50) in 

Franklin County, WA. The Marmes 

Rockshelter was excavated between 

1962 and 1964 by Washington State 

University under contract with the 

National Park Service. In 1968, 

Washington State University conducted 

additional excavations under contract 

with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 

Some human remains were encased in 

plaster casts during the excavations and 

transported to the laboratory at 

Washington State University. 

Excavations of the plaster casts were 

conducted at the laboratory until 1974. 

Material from all excavations is curated 

at Washington State University. During 

the excavations and subsequent 

analyses of the human remains from the 

Marmes Rockshelter site, human 

remains were given burial numbers or 

other designations including Burials 1 

to 12, Burials 14 to 22, Small 

Unnumbered Cast, Rice Burial 05, MCX 

1, Feature 64–6, and non-cremation 

rockshelter remains. No known 

individuals were identified. The 2,047 

associated funerary objects (i.e., 2,020 

counted items and 27 lots of items) are 

2 antler pieces; 8 bird bones; 49 fish 

bones; 752 mammal bones; 1 lot other 

bones; 13 other bones; 9 other modified 

bone/antler; 1 antler pendant; 1 basalt 

biface; 1 chert biface; 1 chert/ 

cryptocrystalline biface; 1 obsidian 

biface; 1 basalt lanceolate point; 8 

pieces of blocky basalt shatter; 10 pieces 

of blocky chert shatter; 31 pieces of 

blocky chert/cryptocrystalline shatter; 4 

pieces of blocky obsidian shatter; 2 

pieces of other stone blocky shatter; 1 

basalt cobble core; 4 basalt cobble cores 

with no cutting edge; 1 other stone 

cobble core with cutting edge; 3 cobble 

spalls; 2 basalt cobble spalls with 

retouch; 1 basalt core; 1 chert core; 2 

chert/cryptocrystalline cores; 1 chert 

endscraper; 3 chert/cryptocrystalline 

endscrapers; 43 pieces basalt flake 

debitage; 4 pieces of chert flake 

debitage; 45 pieces of chert/ 

cryptocrystalline flake debitage; 12 

pieces of obsidian flake debitage; 19 

pieces of basalt flake shatter; 13 pieces 

of chert flake shatter; 42 pieces of chert 

or other cryptocrystalline flake shatter; 

78 pieces of chert/cryptocrystalline 

shatter; 30 pieces of obsidian flake 

shatter; 1 piece quartzite flake shatter; 2 


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