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637-S Registry No. 599-9-06 

NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION 

PROPOSED CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

I I 

TYPESETTING INDUSTRY 

AS SUBMITTED ON SEPTEMBER ,6, 1933 

WE DO OUR PART 

The Code for the Typesetting Industry 

in its present form merely reflects the proposal of the above-mentioned 

industry, and none of the provisions contained therein are 

to be regarded as having received the approval of 

the National Recovery Administration 

as applying to this industry 

UNITED STATES 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON 1 1933 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. - - - - - - - - Price 5 cents 
SUBMIT'IED BY 

INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMPOSITION ASSOCIATION 

( ll) 
CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION FOR THE TYPESETTING 

INDUSTRY OF THE UNITED STATES 

ADOPTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMPOSITION 

ASSOCIATION 

ARTICLE I-PURPOSE 

1. This Code is set up for the purpose of increasing employment, 

establishing fair and adequate wages, effecting necessary reduction 

of hours, improving standards of labor, and eliminating unfair 

trade practices, to the end of rehabilitating the Typesetting Industry 

and enabling it to do its p·art toward establishing that balance of 

industries which is necessary to the restoration and maintenance of 

the highest practical degree of public welfare. 

2. It is the declared purpose of the adherents to this code to bring 

the rates of wages paid within the Typesetting Division of the 

Graphic Arts to such levels as are found necessary for the maintenance of the highest practicable standard of living. 

ARTICLE II-PARTICIPATION 

1. Participation in this Code, and in any subsequent revision of 

or addition to this Code, shall be extended to any person, partnership, or corporation engaging in the operation of a Typesetting 

business, and who accepts his proportionate share of the cost and 

responsibility, as well as the benefits of such participation. 

2. Any person, partnership, or corporation operating within the 

Graphic Arts Industry, who sells typesetting services to the printing 

and publishing trades, shall conform to the requirements of this 

Code. 

3. Subscription fees or other assessments incident to gathering of 

statistics, preparation of and administration of this or subsequent 

Codes of fair competition, if any, shall be levied by the National 

Executive Committee hereinafter designated for administration of 

this Code. 

ARTICLE III-ADMINISTRATION 

1. For the purpose of administering this Code, The International 

Trade Composition Association is designated as the National Association for coordination of the efforts of the various typesetting 

plants and industry organizations and of the National Executive 

Committee set up for executive administration of this Code with the 

Government in achieving the objectives of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act. 

9665--33 (1) 
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A-N A TION AL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 

1. The National Administrative function shall' be vested in a National Executive Committee of five ( 5) members, composed of four 

( 4) elected representatives (one [1] each from the four [ 4] regional 

districts of the United States) and the President of The International 

Trade Composition Association. 

2. The National Executive Committee shall function through the 

appointed Commissioner of The International Trade Composition 

Association who shall be the executive representative of the National 

Executive Committee of the Typesetting Industry on the National 

Executive Committee set up for control of the Graphic Arts as may 

be required by the Government. 

&-REGIONAL DIVISIONS 

1. For purposes of administration the Typesetting Industry shall 

be divided into four ( 4) regional divisions as follows: 

NORTHEASTERN DIVISION : 

Headquarters, New York, N.Y. Embracing eleven states and the 

District of Columbia: Maine, Vermont, Massachusetts, New 

Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, New Jersey, Delaware, and the District of 

Columbia. 

SouTHEASTERN DIVIsiON : 

Headquarters, Birmingham, Alabama. Embracing fifteen states 

of: Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. 

Mm-WESTERN DIVIsiON : 

Headquarters, Chicago, Illinois. Embracing twelve states of : 

Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, North 

Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa, Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas. 

WESTERN AND PAciFIC CoAsT DIVISION: 

Headquarters, Los Angeles, Calif. Embracing ten states of : 

California, Idaho, Oregon, Montana, Wyoming, Washington, 

Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. 

C-REGION AL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEEMEN 

1. The four ( 4) regional Executive Committee1nen composing the 

National Executive Committee shall be elected by their respective 

divisions immediately following the approval of this Code and the 

organization of the regional divisions. 

2. Each -division shall also elect an alternate Committeeman who 

shall in case of the absence or inability of the elected Committeeman, 

berve as the executive representative with equal power. 

3. A Temporary National Executive Commitree shall be appointed 

by The International Trade Composition Association upon approval 

of this Code by the President of the United States, which Committee 

shall act until its successors are elected by their respective regional 

divisions. 
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D-LOCAL REPRESENTATION 

1. Members of each division shall designate and establish their 

own State and local administrative agencies. Each division shall 

be independent and self-governing through elected representatives 

from its locals to a Committee of the division, in respect of all conditions and problems relating exclusively to such division. Each 

division shall be controlled by the elected Executive Committeeman, 

who shall be a member of the National Executive Committee. Each 

Ciivision, for the purpose of equitable administration of this Code, 

shall be subdivided into as many State and local divisions as 

is required for equitable local representation and for regional 

administration. 

ARTICLE IV-LABOR CODE 

A-GENERAL 

1. The following labor code is hereby established for the Types.etting Industry: The Typesetting Industry as required by Section 

7 (a) of Title I, of the National Industrial Recovery Act, subscribes 

to the following provisions which are conditions of this Code: 

" ( 1) That employees shall have the right to organize and bargain 

collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and 

&hall be free from the interference, restraint, or coercion of employers of labor, or their agents, in the designation of such representatives or in self-organization or in other concertcr1 activities for the 

vurpose of collective bargaining or other mutual ajd or protection; . 

"(2) That no employee and no one seeking employment shall be 

required as a condition of employment to join any company union 

or to refrain from joining, organizing, or assisting a 'labor organization of his own choosing; and 

"(3) That employers shall comply with the maximum hours of 

labor, minimum rates of pay, and other conditions of employment, 

approved or prescribed by the President." 

2. It is clearly understood that the foregoing paragraphs do not 

impair in any particular the constitutional rights of the employee 

and employer to bargain individually or collectively as may be 

mutually satisfactory to them; nor do€s it impair the joint right 

of employer and employee to operate an open shop. 

3. Nothing in this Code is to prevent the selection, retention, and 

advancement of employees on the basis of their individual merit, 

without regard to their affiliation or nonaffiliation with any labor 

organization. 

B- N ATION AL LABOR CODE 

(a) The maximum working hours for all employees, throughout 

the United States, including proprietors, superintendents, and foremen performing any work incident to the manufacturing or finishing processes of typesetting shall not exceed 36 hours in any work 

week. 

(b) The minimum wage for all skilled workers (male or female), 

according to the classifications th::~t follow, shall be 90 cents per hour. 

The minimum wage for all unskilled workers (male or female), 

according to classification that follow, shall be 30% of the minimum 
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wage actually paid to skilled workers, except that no worker shall 

receive less than $12.00 per week. 

(c) No person, male or female, under 16 years of age, shall be 

employed by any typesetter. 

(d) The classification of skilled workers shall be as follows: Hand 

Compositors, Layout Men, Linotype Operators, Linotype Machinists, 

Monotype Keyboard Operators, Monotype Caster Machinists, and 

Proo £readers. 

(e) The classification of unskilled labor shall be as follows : All 

Machine and Materials Casting Operators, excepting skilled workers 

as defined under skilled classification, Copyholders, Errand Bovs, 

Bank Boys, Porters, First Year Apprentices, and all other unclassified workers. 

G--REG ION AL LABOR CODE 

1. Each of the locals throughout the four regional divisions of the 

Typesetting Industry shall formulate fair and adequate labor codes 

for their local communities. In no instance shall the maximum hours 

exceed nor minimum wages be less than prescribed in this Code 

under Article IV-Section B. 

2. All agreements of locals within the Typesetting Industry as 

well as the agreement requirements of this Code shall, after approval, 

be subject to adjustment in conformity with maximum hours of labor, 

minimum rates of wages, and working conditions as shall be agreed 

between employing printers and skilled and unskilled labor employed in typesetting departments and as shall meet with final 

approval of the President of the United States or his administration 

for the printing industry. 

ARTICLE V-CosT CoDE AND STATISTICS 

1. Every typesetter shall be required to (a) install and maintain 

a Uniform Cost Finding System for ascertaining costs and for basing Selling prices on every individual job produced, or (b) shall 

base his selling prices on economically fair cost rates determined 

for him by the local Cost Committee from composite records of costs 

taken from representative plants in the community. 

2. All cost systems installed and maintained by individual plants 

or approved by local Cost Committees must conform in principle and 

method to a Uniform Cost Finding System and procedure for arriving at a reasonable cost of production, as prescribed by the National 

Executive Committee. 

3. Based upon Cost and Production records gathered and compiled in each local community, the Cost Committee at the direction 

or upon approval of the State and regional Executive Committees 

1nay publish all facts of average costs, average production, and average unit costs, and based upon such averages may set up Minimum 

Cost Schedules for classified production within their communities 

as may be deemed practical. 

B-COST CO~IMITTEES 

·1. Each of the locals composing the regional divisions of the Typesetting Industry shall create a Cost Committee, which committee shall 
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function under direction of the National Executive Committee in 

connection with installation and supervision of cost systems, in the 

furnishing of cost composites to Federal and industry authorities, 

and in the enforcing of provisions o:£ this section of the Code. The 

Cost Committee for each local shall promptly gather all statistical 

data required by the National Executive Committee and shall be 

empowered to examine or cause to be examined by duly authorized 

accountants any and all of the affairs or facts of any plants within 

their jurisdiction, with proper provision for keeping reports confidential from individuals. They shall also have power to levy fees 

for cost of supervision of systems and for compiling data or may 

impose ~barges against individual plants for particular investigations 

or services. 

C-STATISTICS 

1. In order to provide data necessary for the administration of the 

National Recovery Act, the members of the Typesetting Industry 

shall furnish, and the National Executive Committee shall gather, 

such statistics as shall be required from all members of the industry. 

2. The International Trade Composition Association shall designate the authorized person, firm or association who shall undertake 

this work, shall fix the compensation therefore and shall also designate such person, firm, or association as the national authority for 

advising the International Trade Composition Association and the 

National Executive Committee in all matters pertaining to the formation and installation of the Uniform Cost Finding System as 

hereinbefore provided. 

ARTICLE VI-INDUSTRY REGULATIONS 

A-MARKETING CODES 

The National Executive Committee may establish a marketing 

code with provisions with respect to: 

1. Group selling; 

2. Classification of outlets and recognition of standard and economically priced differentials, among divisions or locals; 

3. Cooperative advertising for the Industry; 

4. The collection and interchange of credit information; 

5. The cooperative administration of insolvent debtors. 

B-TRADE-PRACTICE RULES 

1. Each division and each local of such division, shall submit to the 

National Committee immediately following the adoption of this 

Code, the division or local trade practices as approved by such division or locals of divisions, for ratification by the National Executive Committee. Any division or local within a division may adopt 

and put into practice their own trade-practice rules relating to the 

practices peculiar to that division or local, so long as such trade 

practices are approved by the National Executive Committee, and 

are within the scope of this Code or its amendments when approved 

by the President of the United States. 
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2. The following trade-practice rules are laid down for this industry, violation of which constitutes unfair trade practices: 

(a) Violation of credit terms agreed upon. 

(b) Violation of terms agreecr upon for handling of metal accounts 

with customers. 

(c) Failure to observe agreed methods of measuring and billing 

composition production. 

(d) Failure to apply rules of agreement respecting legitimate 

charges :for extras. 

(e) Fraudulent and deceptive practices, including false invoicing 

or misleading advertising, mislabeling, or misbranding. 

(f) The misappropriation of a competitor's business by inducing 

breach of contracts, e pionage, piracy of styles or designs, imitation 

of trade names or enticement of employees. 

(g) Wilful or malicious defamation of competitors or the disparagement of competitors' products. 

(h) The sale of composition below the o t a determined by the 

uniform cost system prescribed by the National Executive Committee. 

(i) The giving of ecret rebates, free composition services, discounts, advertising allowances, or the providing for the absorption 

of transportation costs. 

(j) Commercial bribery in the form of gratuities to customers or 

employees of customers, or the offering of rewards or premiums to 

purchasers. 

ARTICLE VII-PowER 

A-THE NATIONAL EXECUTIVE COMMITI'EE 

1. The National Executive Committee shall directly plan and 

coordinate the affairs of the Typesetting Industry in cooperation 

with the Graphic Arts administration as may be set up by the agents 

of the President of the United States for administration of the 

Graphic Arts or any major division in which the Typesetting 

Industry may be classified. 

2. The members selected by the various divisions of the Typesetting 

Industry to act on the National Executive Committee shall be empowered by the said divisions to act for them conclusively in respect 

to all matters before the Committee for consideration and within 

its jurisdiction. In turn, the National Executive Committee shall 

be subject to powers which may be vested in agents of the President 

of the United States, who may be designated for administration of 

the Graphic Arts, so long as such vested powers shall in no sense 

violate the rights of the members of the Typesetting Industry to 

equitable representation in such Graphic Arts control and selfgoverning in respect to all conditions and problems relating exclusively to the Typesetting Industry. 

3. The National Executive Committee shall have direct power 

and duties as provided herein, and in addition thereto it shall: 

(a) Require, from time to time, such reports from divisions as, 

in its judgment, may be necessary to advise it adequately of the 

administration and enforcement of the provisions of this Code. 
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(b) Upon complaint of interested parties, or upon its own initiative, this Committee shall make such inquiry and investigation into 

the operation of this Code as may be necessary. 

(c) This Committee shall also make rules and regulations necessary for the administration and enforcement of this Code and may 

delegate any of its authority to any other National Executive Committee as may be designated for direct administration of the Graphic 

Arts, who shall carry out the provisions of this Code as they apply 

to divisions or members of divisions throughout the Typesetting 

Industry. The National Executive Committee, in cooperation with 

the direct administrative agency approved for the Graphic Arts 

Industry, through the Commissioner of the International Trade 

Composition Association, who shall represent the Typesetting Industry on such Graphic Arts administrative body, shall determine and, 

from time to time 1 revise the several parts of this Code, which 

revisions shall be subject to the approval of the properly designated .representative of the President of the United States, under the 

National Industrial Recovery-·Act. 

(d) The four Committeemen elected from the four regional ·divisions shall act within their respective divisions as individual ·executives of the National Executive Committee for the enforcement 

of this Code. 

ARTICLE VIII-GENERAL 

1. No provision in this Code shall be interpreted or applied in such 

a manner as to : 

(a) Promote monopolies, 

(b) Permit or encourage unfair competition, 

(c) Eliminate or oppress small enterprises, or 

(d) Discriminate against small enterprises. 

2. This Code or any of its provisions may be cancelled or modified 

and any approved rule issued thereunder shall be ineffective to the 

extent necessary to conform to any action by the President under 

section 10 (b) of the National Industrial Recovery Act. 

3. The administrative agency of the Graphic Arts Industry as may 

be set up by the Government shall, from time to time, make to the 

National Executive Committee, under the provisions of this Code, 

such recommendations, including amendments of the Code~ as in their 

judgment will aid the effective administration of this Code or as may 

be necessary to effectuate within the Typesetting Industry or within 

any division thereof the purpose of the National Industrial Recovery 

Act. 

4. Amendments to this Code may be proposed by any established 

division to theN ational Executive Committee, or may be initiated by 

the National Executive Committee and when approved by the President of the United States or his agent shall be effective. 

5. In order to avoid undue delay in making effective throughout the 

Typesetting Industry a Code of Fair Competition, the following provisions are adopted, and other provisions of this Code in conflict 

therewith are suspended until such time as the President of the 

United States shall determine that the purposes of the Article have 

been accomplished. 
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(a) E ach established division shall, immediately following the 

perfecting of its division organization, submit as promptly as possible to the National Executive Committee a complete division agreement in conformity with the general provisions of this Code. Such 

divisional agreement, if found substantially to promote the purposes of the National Code, shall be accepted provisionally by the 

National Executive Committee and by the administrative agency of 

the Graphic Arts and its immediate enforcement authorized. These 

National Committees shall thereupon proceed as rapidly as prac6cable to make such adjustments of agreements between locals and 

divisions in respect of hours, wages, and costs of the several divisional 

agreements as may be necessary to bring them into conformity with 

the provisions of the law and of the several codes to be approved 

for the Graphic Arts and this particular Code as set up for the 

Typesetting Industry by: 

(1) Consultation and negotiations between the divisions affected. 

(2) By its own findings after full consideration of all factors 

involved. 

(b) If any division or local of a division fails to submit within a 

reasonable time the agreement provisions as provided in subsection 

(a) of this Article, and if, in the judgment of the National Executive 

Committee, such failure is unduly delaying the effective operation 

of this Code, the said Committee is authorized to act as a divisional 

agency for said division or local and to submit on its behalf the 

necessary agreement provisions which, upon approval by the President, shall be effective until the said division will have submitted 

satisfactory agreement provisions. 

6. This Code shall be in effect beginning ten days after its approval 

by the President of the United States. 

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UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 

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