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MEMORANDUM 

To: Nathan Topham, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, OAQPS 

From: Mike Burr and Donna Lazzari, ERG 

Date: December 16, 2011 

Subject: Summary of Ambient Lead Monitoring Data around Secondary Lead Smelting 

Facilities 

The EPA has recently conducted a Risk and Technology Review (RTR) for the 

Secondary Lead Smelting source category. As part of this process, ambient lead monitoring data 

was used as one of the indicators of the effectiveness of fugitive emissions controls at these 

facilities. This memorandum summarizes the available ambient lead monitoring data near 

secondary lead smelting facilities in the U.S. that was utilized as part of the EPA’s RTR process 

for the Secondary Lead Smelting source category. This memorandum is organized as follows: 

1.0 Data Extraction 

2.0 Summary of Monitoring Stations 

3.0 Summary of Ambient Lead Data 

4.0 Ambient Lead Concentrations Based on Enclosure Category 

A list of secondary lead smelters currently in operation or under construction in the 

United States and Puerto Rico that were considered in this analysis is presented in the table 

below. 

Secondary Lead Smelters in the U.S. and Puerto Rico 

FACILITY NAME PARENT COMPANY CITY STATE 

Facility 

Abbreviation 

East Penn 

Manufacturing Co., Inc. 

East Penn Manufacturing 

Co., Inc. 

Lyon Station Pennsylvania East Penn 

EnviroFocus 

Technologies, LLC Gopher Resources, LLC Tampa Florida EnviroFocus 

Gopher Resources, LLC Gopher Resources, LLC Eagan Minnesota Gopher Eagan

Quemetco, Inc., City of 

Industry, Ca 

Eco-Bat Technologies, LTD 

(Quemetco West, LLC) 

City of 

Industry 

California Quemetco CA 

Quemetco, Inc., 

Indianapolis, In 

Eco-Bat Technologies, LTD 

(Eco-Bat Indiana, LLC) Indianapolis Indiana Quemetco IN 

Revere Smelting and 

Refining Corporation 

(RSR) 

Eco-Bat Technologies, LTD 

(Eco-Bat New York, LLC) Middletown New York RSR 

Sanders Lead Company Sanders Lead Company Troy Alabama Sanders Lead
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Secondary Lead Smelters in the U.S. and Puerto Rico 

FACILITY NAME PARENT COMPANY CITY STATE 

Facility 

Abbreviation 

Exide Technologies, 

Baton Rouge, La Exide Technologies, Inc. Baton Rouge Louisiana 

Exide Baton 

Rouge 

Exide Technologies, 

Cannon Hollow 

Recycling Facility 

Exide Technologies, Inc. Forest City Missouri Exide Forest City 

Exide Technologies, 

Frisco, Tx 

Exide Technologies, Inc. Frisco Texas Exide Frisco 

Exide Technologies, 

Muncie, In 

Exide Technologies, Inc. Muncie Indiana Exide Muncie 

Exide Technologies –

Reading Recycling 

Exide Technologies, Inc. Reading Pennsylvania Exide Reading 

Exide Technologies, 

Vernon, Ca 

Exide Technologies, Inc. Vernon California Exide Vernon 

Buick Resource 

Recycling Facility, LLC 

The Doe Run Resources 

Corporation 

Boss Missouri Buick RRF 

The Battery Recycling 

Company 

The Battery Recycling 

Company 

Arecibo Puerto Rico TBR 

Johnson Controls 

Battery Group, Inc. 

Johnson Controls 

International Florence South Carolina JCI 

1.0 DATA EXTRACTION 

The EPA’s repository of ambient air quality data, the Air Quality System (AQS), was 

utilized to search for available ambient lead monitoring data around secondary lead smelting 

facilities. Where available, the 3-month rolling average lead concentrations were extracted for 

the period of 2008-2010 at any available monitoring stations within three miles of each of the 

facilities. The 2008-2010 time frame was chosen to be consistent with modeling conducted as 

part of the EPA’s risk and technology review (RTR) for the Secondary Lead Smelting source 

category. Three-month rolling average concentrations were extracted to be consistent with the 

averaging time for the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for lead. 

2.0 SUMMARY OF MONITORING STATIONS 

Ambient lead monitoring stations are located near 13 of the 15 operational secondary 

lead smelting facilities; data near the Exide Baton Rouge and Exide Forest City facilities were 

not available. Table 2-1 presents a summary of the available data from monitoring stations near 

each of the secondary lead smelting facilities. 
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Table 2-1. Summary of Available Ambient Lead Monitoring Data near Secondary Lead 

Smelting Facilities. 

Facility Number of 

Monitors

AQS Site ID’s Monitor Distance from 

Facility Center(miles)**

Buick RRF 3

290930016* 

290930021* 

290930032

0.6

1.5

1.5

East Penn 4

420110005 

420110717 

420110021 

420110022 

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.9

Exide Vernon 2

060371405 

060371406 

0.1

0.3

Exide Reading 2

420111717 

420110020 

0.1

0.5

Exide Muncie 2

180350008 

180350009 

0.1

0.3

Exide Frisco 3

480850003 

480850009 

480850007 

0.3

0.3

0.6

Gopher Eagan 1 270370465 0.2

EnviroFocus 2

120571066 

120571073 

0.1

0.4

Quemetco CA 1 060371404 0.2

Quemetco IN 2

180970063 

180970076 

0.5

0.7

RSR 3

360713001 

360713002 

360713004 

0.2

0.3

0.9

Sanders 1 011090003 0.2

TBR 1 720130001 0.3

*Information received from Buick Resources indicated these sites are located within the facility 

fenceline 

**Estimated using Google Earth 

3.0 Summary of Ambient Lead Data 

Table 3-1 presents a summary of all the ambient lead concentration data at each monitor 

near the secondary lead smelting facilities. Note that “N/A” indicates that data for the specific 

monitor is not available for the specified time period. Figure 3-1 displays the mean of all 3-

month rolling averages across all monitors for each facility and Figure 3-2 displays the 

maximum 3-month rolling average across all monitors for each facility. As shown in Table 3-2, 

at least one maximum 3-month rolling average lead concentration from 2008-2010 exceeds the 

NAAQS for lead of 0.15 μg/m3near 10 of the 13 facilities for which ambient monitoring data 

was available. All raw ambient data used in this summary is available in the docket for the 

proposed Secondary Lead Smelting NESHAP.
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Table 3-1. Summary of Ambient Lead Concentrations near Secondary Lead Smelting Facilities

Facility AQS ID

Maximum 3-Month Rolling 

Average Lead Concentration 

(μg/m3

)

Mean 3-Month Rolling Average 

Lead Concentration 

(μg/m3

)

2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010

Buick RRF

290930016* 2.46 2.07 0.64 0.90 0.62 0.49 

290930021* 1.12 1.94 0.72 0.81 0.86 0.42 

290930032 N/A N/A 0.56 N/A N/A 0.31 

East Penn

420110005 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.04 

420110717 0.21 0.12 0.06 0.12 0.07 0.06 

420110021 N/A N/A 0.32 N/A N/A 0.09 

420110022 N/A N/A 0.26 N/A N/A 0.08 

Exide Vernon

060371405 2.49 0.66 0.25 1.42 0.44 0.24 

060371406 0.22 0.08 0.05 0.17 0.07 0.04 

Exide Reading

060371405 0.24 0.25 0.20 0.17 0.14 0.12 

060371406 N/A N/A 0.19 N/A N/A 0.13 

Exide Muncie

420111717 0.34 0.11 0.07 0.16 0.08 0.07 

420110020 2.14 0.26 0.26 0.79 0.20 0.18 

Exide Frisco

480850003 0.26 0.32 0.37 0.21 0.22 0.22 

480850009 1.26 0.65 0.77 0.75 0.46 0.61 

480850007 0.17 0.15 0.20 0.12 0.10 0.11 

Gopher Eagan 270370465 0.40 0.25 0.27 0.30 0.18 0.13 

EnviroFocus

120571066 1.77 0.25 0.73 0.47 0.16 0.29 

120571073 0.40 0.11 0.13 0.18 0.08 0.08 

Quemetco CA 060371404 0.06 0.10 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.05 

Quemetco IN

180970063 0.05 0.03 0.08 0.03 0.02 0.03 

180970076 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 

RSR

360713001 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 

360713002 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.05 

360713004 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 

Sanders 011090003 1.18 0.91 1.00 0.60 0.43 0.66 

TBR 720130001 N/A N/A 0.25 N/A N/A 0.16 
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Figure 3-1. Mean of 3-Month Rolling Average Lead Concentrations near Secondary Lead Smelting Facilities from 2008-2010 

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

Co

n

centratio

n (μ

g/m3

Mean 3-Month Rolling Average Lead Concentration

Primary Lead NAAQS
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Figure 3-2. Maximum 3-Month Rolling Average Lead Concentrations near Secondary Lead Smelting Facilities from 2008-2010 

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

Co

n

centratio

n (μ

g/m3

Maximum 3-Month Rolling Average Lead Concentration

Primary Lead NAAQS