USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html [8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM] Leach Table 1. Table summarizing analytical results for solutions leached from WTC dust and beam coating samples. Details of the leach test methods are summarized in the text.

Leach Table 1 Outdoor dust samples

WTC-01-2 WTC-01-3 WTC-01-05 WTC-01-06 WTC-01-14 pH 10.1 9.51 9.9 9.65 9.68 Specific Conductance mS/cm 1.58 1.31 1.9 2.01 2.03 Chloride mg/L 7.8 3.7 nm nm 5.1 Fluoride mg/L <.8 <.8 nm nm <1.6

Nitrate mg/L 1.5 0.5 nm nm 1.4 Calcium mg/L 388 314 577 523 544 Magnesium mg/L 1.75 2.83 3.2 3.65 3.52

Potassium mg/L 6 3.8 7.71 6.33 6.9 Silicon mg/L 5.8 4.5 8.1 5.9 6.4 Phosphorous mg/L 0.05 0.1 0.04 0.03 0.05 Sodium mg/L 6.1 2.84 7.69 5.76 3.05 Sulfate mg/L 834 694 1210 1040 1250 Aluminum μg/L 111 44.6 24.3 26 30.3 Antimony μg/L 33.1 22.9 46.3 42 35.9

Arsenic μg/L 1 1 < 3 < 3 1 Barium μg/L 36.5 28.4 38.3 36 45.1 Beryllium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Bismuth μg/L < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 Cadmium μg/L 0.44 0.26 1.08 0.82 0.37 Cerium μg/L < 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 Cesium μg/L 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.06 Chromium μg/L 25.9 9 25.1 18.2 31.4 Cobalt μg/L 1.23 0.72 1.04 1.02 1.15 Copper μg/L 19.2 19.8 22.4 13.5 11.4 Gallium μg/L 0.23 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Germanium μg/L 0.07 0.09 0.1 0.08 0.07 Iron μg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 Lanthanum μg/L < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html [8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM] Lead μg/L 0.64 0.5 0.5 0.51 0.97 Lithium μg/L 11.2 4.1 11.2 9.4 9.8 Manganese μg/L 1 3.2 2 3.8 2.3 Mercury ng/L nm nm 18 7 nm Molybdenum μg/L 56.8 14 45.7 42.2 30.8 Nickel μg/L 18.1 14.4 21.4 19.4 25.2 Niobium μg/L < 0.02 0.03 0.1 0.1 0.02 Rubidium μg/L 12.6 8.08 12.4 12.9 14.1 Scandium μg/L 1.8 1.3 2.2 1.9 1.9 Selenium μg/L 2.5 1 < 5 < 5 1.9 Silver μg/L < 3 < 3 nm nm < 3 Strontium μg/L 834 561 1150 1100 1230

Thallium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 0.2 0.06 < 0.05 Thorium μg/L 0.04 0.09 0.8 0.37 0.06 Titanium μg/L 17.9 13.4 18.9 18.7 25.7 Uranium μg/L 0.03 0.15 0.08 0.09 0.06 Vanadium μg/L 6.2 6 11.8 8.8 9.7 Yttrium μg/L < 0.01 < 0.01 0.08 0.08 0.11 Zinc μg/L 10.7 7.7 15.6 20.9 11.6 Zirconium μg/L 0.07 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.08 nm - not measured; ppm - parts per million; mg/L - milligrams per liter; μg/L - micrograms per liter; ng/L - nanograms per liter; mS/cm - milliSiemens per centimeter

Leach Table 1, continued Outdoor dust samples, continued

WTC-01-15 WTC-01-16 WTC-01-17 WTC-01-21 WTC-01-22 pH 10 8.22 9.47 9.98 10.4 Specific Conductance mS/cm 2.01 2.08 1.96 2.02 2.02 Chloride mg/L 3.4 8.5 nm 7.8 8.1 Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 nm <1.6 <1.6

Nitrate mg/L 1.5 <1.6 nm 2.4 1.5 Calcium mg/L 528 526 517 549 529 Magnesium mg/L 1.71 20.2 2.54 2.61 2.12

Potassium mg/L 5.9 9.2 4.83 7.7 5.2 Silicon mg/L 4.9 4.3 2 5.8 5.4 Phosphorous mg/L 0.02 0.03 < 0.01 0.04 0.05 Sodium mg/L 2.65 5.09 4.81 4.11 5.69 Sulfate mg/L 1230 1350 1110 1270 1170 Aluminum μg/L 53.9 6.33 50.6 53.6 153USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html [8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM] Antimony μg/L 15.3 28.6 11.2 21.2 17

Arsenic μg/L < 1 2 < 3 1 < 1 Barium μg/L 28.9 23.2 17.5 33.9 32.2 Beryllium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Bismuth μg/L 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 0.006 0.01 Cadmium μg/L 0.55 0.39 0.47 0.25 0.16 Cerium μg/L 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 Cesium μg/L 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.06 0.05 Chromium μg/L 42 20.8 17.4 19.3 27.7 Cobalt μg/L 1.02 1.29 1.04 1.16 0.98 Copper μg/L 10.2 15.6 14.4 6.2 9.6 Gallium μg/L 0.1 0.05 0.08 0.2 0.27 Germanium μg/L 0.06 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.04 Iron μg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 Lanthanum μg/L < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Lead μg/L 1.5 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.68 Lithium μg/L 6.4 11.2 6.9 7.4 7.8 Manganese μg/L 1.2 35.1 1.7 1.4 1 Mercury ng/L nm nm 8 nm nm Molybdenum μg/L 10.6 46.3 35.5 10.7 7.42 Nickel μg/L 22.2 25 21.9 24.6 24.8 Niobium μg/L 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.04 0.04 Rubidium μg/L 12.4 14.1 8.91 14.1 10 Scandium μg/L 1.5 1.2 0.8 1.7 1.5 Selenium μg/L < 1 3 < 5 2.2 1.6 Silver μg/L < 3 < 3 nm < 3 < 3 Strontium μg/L 1060 999 1000 1020 943

Thallium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Thorium μg/L 0.06 0.24 0.2 0.1 0.17 Titanium μg/L 24.8 25.1 19.4 25.9 24 Uranium μg/L 0.03 0.52 0.01 0.02 0.02 Vanadium μg/L 6.6 6.5 2.7 8 5.5 Yttrium μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.07 Zinc μg/L 10.6 24.1 12.7 9.6 6.5 Zirconium μg/L 0.2 0.2 0.09 0.2 0.2 nm - not measured; ppm - parts per million; mg/L - milligrams per liter; μg/L - micrograms per liter; ng/L - nanograms per liter; mS/cm - milliSiemens per centimeter

Leach Table 1, continuedUSGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html [8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM] Outdoor dust samples, continued

WTC-01-25 WTC-01-27 WTC-01-28 WTC-01-30 WTC-01-34 pH 9.37 10 9.93 9.63 9.8 Specific Conductance mS/cm 2.16 2.31 2.02 1.9 2.02 Chloride mg/L 37 52 12 nm nm Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 <1.6 nm nm

Nitrate mg/L 11 3 3.2 nm nm Calcium mg/L 558 568 553 461 524 Magnesium mg/L 6.15 2.01 2.85 5.27 3.2

Potassium mg/L 11.7 9.7 11.3 3.22 5.06 Silicon mg/L 8.1 7.2 8.6 5 4.2 Phosphorous mg/L 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 Sodium mg/L 12.9 12.7 5.57 4.28 2.76 Sulfate mg/L 1240 1240 1250 986 1180 Aluminum μg/L 23.8 33.4 45 22.6 27.8 Antimony μg/L 73.6 25.5 43.6 35.5 33.5

Arsenic μg/L 3.2 3 2 < 3 < 3 Barium μg/L 58.4 38.6 43.5 53.9 32.4 Beryllium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Bismuth μg/L 0.01 0.01 0.007 < 0.005 < 0.005 Cadmium μg/L 1.56 0.38 0.54 1.06 1.04 Cerium μg/L 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Cesium μg/L 0.08 0.05 0.1 0.04 0.03 Chromium μg/L 24.4 15.7 34.5 26.1 16.2 Cobalt μg/L 3.18 1.17 1.25 0.72 0.87 Copper μg/L 39 21.5 9 14 10.6 Gallium μg/L 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Germanium μg/L 0.2 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.08 Iron μg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 Lanthanum μg/L 0.01 < 0.01 0.02 0.01 < 0.01 Lead μg/L 11.5 0.4 0.83 0.2 0.5 Lithium μg/L 29.7 24.3 11.2 9.6 7.9 Manganese μg/L 4.9 1 2 3.3 1.8 Mercury ng/L nm nm nm 12 10 Molybdenum μg/L 140 126 50.4 30.6 27.9 Nickel μg/L 32.1 27 25.9 18.1 20.7 Niobium μg/L 0.03 0.06 0.03 0.07 0.06 Rubidium μg/L 19.3 14.9 25 9.26 10.8 Scandium μg/L 2.2 2.1 2.5 1.6 1.4USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html [8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM] Selenium μg/L 7.4 8.8 3.5 < 5 < 5 Silver μg/L < 3 < 3 < 3 nm nm Strontium μg/L 1240 1440 1160 1540 1070

Thallium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Thorium μg/L 0.13 0.16 0.08 0.12 0.1 Titanium μg/L 25.5 25 26.3 16.5 18.9 Uranium μg/L 0.13 0.008 0.04 0.09 0.03 Vanadium μg/L 13.2 16.1 12.2 7.2 7 Yttrium μg/L 0.11 0.09 0.12 0.08 0.07 Zinc μg/L 11 8.4 12.1 5.3 12.2 Zirconium μg/L 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 nm - not measured; ppm - parts per million; mg/L - milligrams per liter; μg/L - micrograms per liter; ng/L - nanograms per liter; mS/cm - milliSiemens per centimeter

Leach Table 1, continued Indoor dust samples Girder coatings

WTC-01-20 WTC-01-36 WTC-01-8 WTC-01-9 pH 11.8 11.8 INS 10.8 Specific Conductance mS/cm 3.41 3.4 INS 1.43 Chloride mg/L 45 40 16 3 Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 <.8 <.8

Nitrate mg/L 9.1 17 62 4.1 Calcium mg/L 718 888 528 336 Magnesium mg/L 0.11 0.08 10.3 1.1

Potassium mg/L 10.9 12.3 3 1 Silicon mg/L 3.4 3.2 6.7 11.3 Phosphorous mg/L 0.09 0.09 < 0.01 < 0.01 Sodium mg/L 15.3 18.3 2.1 1.54 Sulfate mg/L 1320 1640 1090 674 Aluminum μg/L 611 702 10.8 121 Antimony μg/L 20.8 17.1 8.72 7.97

Arsenic μg/L 3.3 3.3 < 3 < 3 Barium μg/L 61.7 57.2 22.8 10.4 Beryllium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Bismuth μg/L 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 Cadmium μg/L 0.18 0.18 0.02 0.02 Cerium μg/L < 0.01 0.01 0.26 0.4 Cesium μg/L 0.09 0.08 0.02 < 0.01 Chromium μg/L 69.4 109 18 408USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html [8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM] Cobalt μg/L 1.84 2.21 1.27 0.75 Copper μg/L 15.1 33.6 5.6 3.5 Gallium μg/L 0.59 0.97 0.08 0.38 Germanium μg/L 0.05 0.07 0.1 < 0.02 Iron μg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 Lanthanum μg/L 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.18 Lead μg/L 5.8 10.9 0.4 0.3 Lithium μg/L 18.5 19.5 1.3 0.3 Manganese μg/L 1.3 1.7 5.5 2.1 Mercury ng/L 130 125 Molybdenum μg/L 73.8 72.9 1.74 1.18 Nickel μg/L 36.2 42.6 24.9 16.6 Niobium μg/L 0.08 0.05 0.08 < 0.02 Rubidium μg/L 17.7 20.8 3.54 1.35 Scandium μg/L 1.2 2.1 3.6 5.5 Selenium μg/L 10.5 10.3 < 5 < 5 Silver μg/L < 3 < 3 < 3 < 3 Strontium μg/L 1420 1690 990 758

Thallium μg/L 0.08 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Thorium μg/L 0.51 0.38 0.52 0.18 Titanium μg/L 25.5 28.4 24.9 15.3 Uranium μg/L 0.01 < 0.005 0.02 0.006 Vanadium μg/L 6.5 7.8 13.8 14.4 Yttrium μg/L 0.13 0.16 0.31 0.27 Zinc μg/L 28.4 61.8 20.1 15.8 Zirconium μg/L 0.4 0.4 3.7 0.2 nm - not measured; ppm - parts per million; mg/L - milligrams per liter; μg/L - micrograms per liter; ng/L - nanograms per liter; mS/cm - milliSiemens per centimeter

Leach Table 1, continued

minimum maximum mean* pH 8.22 11.8 10.00 Specific Conductance mS/cm 1.31 3.41 2.03 Chloride mg/L 3 52 11.27 Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 ***

Nitrate mg/L 0.5 62 3.69 Calcium mg/L 314 888 519.83 Magnesium mg/L 0.08 20.2 2.27

Potassium mg/L 1 12.3 6.03USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html [8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM] Silicon mg/L 2 11.3 5.43 Phosphorous mg/L 0.02 0.1 0.04 Sodium mg/L 1.54 18.3 5.16 Sulfate mg/L 674 1640 1121.72 Aluminum μg/L 6.33 702 49.68 Antimony μg/L 7.97 73.6 24.37

Arsenic μg/L 1 3.3 1.83 Barium μg/L 10.4 61.7 33.90 Beryllium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 ***

Bismuth μg/L 0.006 0.02 0.01 Cadmium μg/L 0.02 1.56 0.33 Cerium μg/L 0.01 0.4 0.02 Cesium μg/L 0.02 0.1 0.05 Chromium μg/L 9 408 29.50 Cobalt μg/L 0.72 3.18 1.17 Copper μg/L 3.5 39 13.21 Gallium μg/L 0.05 0.97 0.15 Germanium μg/L 0.04 0.2 0.07 Iron μg/L <50 <50 *** Lanthanum μg/L 0.01 0.18 0.02 Lead μg/L 0.2 11.5 0.83 Lithium μg/L 0.3 29.7 7.91 Manganese μg/L 1 35.1 2.31 Mercury ng/L 7 130 21.26 Molybdenum μg/L 1.18 140 25.54 Nickel μg/L 14.4 42.6 23.46 Niobium μg/L 0.02 0.1 0.05 Rubidium μg/L 1.35 25 11.02 Scandium μg/L 0.8 5.5 1.82 Selenium μg/L 1 10.5 3.58 Silver μg/L < 3 < 3 *** Strontium μg/L 561 1690 1083.10

Thallium μg/L 0.06 0.2 0.10 Thorium μg/L 0.04 0.8 0.16 Titanium μg/L 13.4 28.4 21.65 Uranium μg/L 0.006 0.52 0.04 Vanadium μg/L 2.7 16.1 8.24 Yttrium μg/L 0.05 0.31 0.11 Zinc μg/L 5.3 61.8 13.38USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html [8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM] Zirconium μg/L 0.07 3.7 0.22 *Geometric mean for all parameters except pH; ***Geometric mean not calculated due to one or more samples having concentrations below detection limit; nm - not measured; ppm - parts per million; mg/L - milligrams per liter; μg/L - micrograms per liter; ng/L - nanograms per liter; mS/cm - milliSiemens per centimeter

ins - insufficient leachate solution volume to measure pH and conductivity

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