Prepared in cooperation with Idaho Army National Guard

Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants from Selected 

Locations in and near the Idaho Army National Guard 

Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

Scientific Investigations Report 2004 – 5207

Version 1.0
Cover left: Range Road landmark, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

Cover right: Orchard Training Area sign, Elmer Road, April 2003
Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants 

from Selected Locations in and near the 

Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training 

Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001–2003

By D.J. Parliman

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

Scientific Investigations Report 2004 – 5207

Version 1.0

Prepared in cooperation with Idaho Army National Guard
U.S. Department of the Interior

Gale A. Norton, Secretary

U.S. Geological Survey

Charles G. Groat, Director

U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2005

For more information about the USGS and its products:

Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS

World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/

Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply 

endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to 

reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report.

Parliman, D.J., 2005, Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants from Selected Locations in and near the Idaho 

Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003: Boise, Idaho, U.S. Geological Survey 

Scientific Investigations Report 2004 – 5027, 52 p., 6 apps.
Contents iii

CONTENTS

Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Description of the area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Phase I Assessment — Documentation and compilation of existing information . . . . . . 3

Phase II Assessment — Determination of the nature and extent of potential soil, 

 surface-water, and ground-water contamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Site selection, sampling methods, laboratory analyses, and data summaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Site selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Sampling methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Laboratory analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Data summaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Soil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Selected trace metals, major ions, and nutrients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Chromium and hexavalent chromium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Water and dust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Surface water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Selected trace metals, major ions, and nutrients in surface water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Precipitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Ground water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Total and dissolved concentrations in water samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds in water 

 samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Dust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Suggestions for future action or further studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

References cited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Appendices

Table A. Explanation of terms, abbreviations, and acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A – 1

Table B. Severn Trent Laboratory sample container requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B – 1

Table C. U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory analyses

 descriptions and sample container and preservative requirements . . . . . . . . C – 1

Table D. Severn Trent Laboratory analysis descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D – 1

Table E. Severn Trent Laboratory methods summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E – 1

Table F. Severn Trent Laboratory definitions of quality control terms and qualifiers . . . F – 1

Figures

 1. Location of the Orchard Training Area, Gowen Field, vehicle corridor, and sampling 

 sites along the Pleasant Valley Road vehicle corridor, Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

 2. Location of selected features in and near the Orchard Training Area, 

 3. Location of sampling sites in and near the Orchard Training Area,

 Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
iv Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

 4. Storm-water puddle and muddy runoff to Sand Creek from Pleasant Valley Road 

 near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, March 2003 (near sample 4sw) . . 7

 5. Sampling equipment and grab sample of soil at Tadpole Lake, Orchard Training Area,

Ada County, Idaho, December 2002 (sample 50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 

6a. Storm-water puddle near Sand Creek near the Orchard Training Area, 

 Ada County, Idaho, March 2003, syringe sample (sample 4sw) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

6c.

 

MATES NE drain, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, March 2003,

 peristaltic pump (samples 9 and 10sw) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

6b. Tadpole Lake, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, March 2003, 

peristalic pump (samples 55 and 56sw) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

6d. MATES wash water pond, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, March 2003,

 peristaltic pump (samples 17 and 17sw) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

6e. MATES wash water pond, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, March 2003,

 peristaltic pump (sample 17sw) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

6f. MATES wash water pond, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, March 2003,

air-pillow support for sample tubing (sample 17sw) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6g. MATES fueling area runoff, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, March 2003

 (sample 12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6h. MATES east drain, Orchard Training Aream Ada County, Idaho, March 2003,

 syringe sample pump (samples 13 and 13sw) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

7a. Precipitation, airborne dust, and BSNE collectors, Orchard Training Area,

12

7b. Precipitation, airborne dust, and BSNE collectors, Orchard Training Area, 

 Ada County, Idaho, Range 2 weather site, June 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

8a. Selected total trace metal concentrations, 1 to 10,000 micrograms per kilogram

range, in soil samples from the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . 15

8b. Selected total trace metal concentrations, 1,000 to 1,000,000 micrograms per

 kilogram range, in soil samples from the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho . . 16

8c. Selected total trace metal concentrations, 10,000 to 100,000,000 micrograms per

 kilogram range, in soil samples from the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho . . 17

8d. Selected major ion concentrations, in soil samples from the Orchard Training Area, 

 Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

8e. Selected nutrient concentrations, in soil samples from the Orchard Training Area, 

 Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Tables

1. Description of soil, water, precipitation, airborne dust, and quality control samples

 from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

2. Selected statistical analyses of soil from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area,

Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Ada County, Idaho, Range 26 weather site, June 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
Contents Contents v

3. Summary of statistical analyses of total metals, major ions, and nutrients in soil 

samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . 35

4. Analyses of explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds

detected in soil and water samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area,

Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

5. Selected statistical analyses of water from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area,

Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

6. Analyses of precipitation samples from weather sites in the Orchard Training Area,

Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

7. Concentrations of dissolved and total constituents in surface water from sites in and

near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

8. Summary of large concentrations of trace metals, major ions, and nutrients, and 

detections of explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds

in soil and water, by land- and water-use area in and near the Orchard Training Area,

Ada County, Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Conversion Factors

Multiply By To obtain

acre 4,047 square meter (m2)

foot (ft) 0.3048 meter (m)

gallon (gal) 3.785 liter (L) 

inch (in.) 25.4 millimeter (mm)

mile (mi) 1.609 kilometer (km)

mile per hour (mph) 1.609 kilometer per hour (km/h) 

ounce, fluid (fl. oz) 0.02957 liter (L) 

square foot (ft2) 0.09290 square meter (m2)

square mile (mi2) 2.590 square kilometer (km2) 

Refer to table A, appendix, for explanations of other units.

Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows:

°F=(1.8×°C)+32

Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1927 (NAD27).

Elevation, as used in this report, refers to distance above the vertical datum.

Sea level: In this report, “sea level” refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 — a 

geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of the United 

States and Canada, formerly called Sea Level Datum of 1929.
vi Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

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ABSTRACT

In 2001, the National Guard Bureau and the U.S. Geological Survey began a project to compile hydrogeologic data 

and determine presence or absence of soil, surface-water, 

and ground-water contamination at the Idaho Army National 

Guard Orchard Training Area in southwestern Idaho. Between 

June 2002 and April 2003, a total of 114 soil, surface-water, 

ground-water, precipitation, or dust samples were collected 

from 68 sample sites (65 different locations) in the Orchard 

Training Area (OTA) or along the vehicle corridor to the OTA. 

Soil and water samples were analyzed for concentrations of 

selected total trace metals, major ions, nutrients, explosive 

compounds, semivolatile organics, and petroleum hydrocarbons. Water samples also were analyzed for concentrations 

of selected dissolved trace metals and major ions.

Distinguishing naturally occurring large concentrations 

of trace metals, major ions, and nutrients from contamination 

related to land and water uses at the OTA was difficult. There 

were no historical analyses for this area to compare with modern 

data, and although samples were collected from 65 locations

in and near the OTA, sampled areas represented only a small 

part of the complex OTA land-use areas and soil types. For 

naturally occurring compounds, several assumptions were 

made — anomalously large concentrations, when tied to known 

land uses, may indicate presence of contamination; naturally 

occurring concentrations cannot be separated from contamination concentrations in mid- and lower ranges of data; and 

smallest concentrations may represent the lowest naturally 

occurring range of concentrations and (or) the absence of contaminants related to land and water uses. Presence of explosive, semivolatile organic (SVOC), and petroleum hydrocarbon 

compounds in samples indicates contamination from land and 

water uses.

In areas along the vehicle corridor and major access roads 

within the OTA, most trace metal, major ion, and nutrient concentrations in soil samples were not in the upper 10th percentile 

of data, but concentrations of 25 metals, ions, or nutrients were 

in the upper 10th percentile in a puddle sample near the heavy 

equipment maneuvering area, MPRC-H. The largest concentrations of tin, ammonia, and nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) 

Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants from 

Selected Locations in and near the Idaho Army National 

Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 

2001 – 2003

By D.J. Parliman

in water from the OTA were detected in a sample from this 

puddle. Petroleum hydrocarbons were the most common contaminant, detected in all soil and surface-water samples. An 

SVOC, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, a plasticizer, was detected 

at a site along the vehicle corridor.

In Maneuver Areas within the OTA, many soil samples 

contained at least one trace metal, major ion, or nutrient in the 

upper 10th percentile of data, and the largest concentrations 

of cobalt, iron, mercury, titanium, sodium, ammonia, or total 

phosphorus were detected in 6 of 13 soil samples outside the 

Tadpole Lake area. The largest concentrations of aluminum, 

arsenic, beryllium, nickel, selenium, silver, strontium, thallium, vanadium, chloride, potassium, sulfate, and nitrite plus 

nitrate were detected in soil samples from the Tadpole Lake 

area. Water from Tadpole Lake contained the largest total 

concentrations of 19 trace metals, 4 major ions, and 1 nutrient. 

Petroleum hydrocarbons were detected in 5 soil samples and 

water from Tadpole Lake. SVOCs related to combustion of 

fuel or plasticizers were detected in 1 soil sample. Explosive 

compounds were detected in 1 precipitation sample.

In the Impact Area within the OTA, most soil samples 

contained at least one trace metal, major ion, or nutrient in the 

upper 10th percentile of data, and the largest concentrations of 

barium, chromium, copper, manganese, lead, or orthophosphate 

were detected in 6 of the 18 soil samples. Petroleum hydrocarbons were detected in 4 soil samples, SVOCs in 6 samples, and 

explosive compounds in 4 samples.

In the mobilization and training equipment site (MATES) 

compound adjacent to the OTA, all soil and water samples 

contained at least one trace metal, major ion, or nutrient in 

the upper 10th percentile of data. The largest concentrations of 

antimony, cadmium, molybdenum, tin, zinc, or fluoride were 

detected in 2 of the 7 soil samples. The largest concentrations of antimony, cadmium, zinc, or fluoride were detected in 

drain or pond water samples. Petroleum hydrocarbons were 

detected in 6 soil samples and 2 water samples. SVOCs were 

detected in 3 soil samples. The explosive compound RDX was 

detected in 1 soil sample and 1 ground-water sample.

Suggestions for future action or further investigations 

include containing water in the MATES northeast drain 

within the MATES boundary, resampling the MATES well for 

explosive compound analyses, collecting and analyzing soil 
2 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

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Figure 1. Location of the Orchard Training Area, Gowen Field, vehicle corridor, and sampling sites along the Pleasant Valley Road 

vehicle corridor, Ada County, Idaho
Introduction 3

and water from additional playas, and studying transport mechanisms, extent of transport, and effects of explosive compounds on 

wildlife in and moving through the OTA areas.

INTRODUCTION

In February 2001, the National Guard Bureau (NGB) and 

the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a project to compile 

hydrogeologic data and determine presence or absence of soil, 

surface-water, and ground-water contamination1 at selected installations, including the Idaho Army National Guard (IDARNG) 

Orchard Training Area (OTA), southwestern Idaho (figure 1). 

Several long-term activities within the OTA may have resulted in 

contamination of soil or water. The primary areas and contaminants of concern at the OTA were firing range, ordnance-impact, 

training, and bivouac sites; propellants and explosive compounds 

associated with point-of-firing and impact areas of the firing 

ranges; lead concentrations from ammunition at small arms training areas; fuels, coolants, and lubricants associated with vehicle 

and machinery uses; and sewage and gray water leakage, spillage, 

or disposal associated with bivouac sites. Impacts to soil, surfacewater, or ground-water quality from land and water uses were 

highly variable within the OTA and could range from minimal to 

significant.

Description of the Area

The OTA is located approximately 13 mi south of Gowan 

Field (IDARNG headquarters) and 14 mi south of the city of 

Boise on lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and Idaho Department of Lands. Historically, the 

OTA was used for rangeland and wildlife habitat, and the area 

is included in the BLM’s Snake River Birds of Prey National 

Conservation Area2. Army National Guard units have used the 

OTA since about 1953 for armor, combat engineer, helicopter, 

and artillery training. The OTA is composed of 138,051 acres 

(about 216 mi2) of semiarid desert land divided into two main 

activity areas — a central Impact Area (102 mi2, bounded by the 

Range Road) and surrounding Maneuver Areas (114 mi2, figure 2).

The Impact Area has 14 active ranges designated for tank and 

helicopter gunnery, field artillery and mortar unit firing, rifle 

and small arms firing, and grenade launching, and includes an 

Artillery Impact Area (Ogden Environmental and Energy Services, 1997, p. 1– 7, 1 – 8). Maneuver Areas are used for training 

exercises, bivouac sites, and access to Impact Area ranges. Tanks 

from Gowen Field travel to the OTA by a dirt track (vehicle corridor) that parallels Pleasant Valley Road (figure 1). Tanks and 

other vehicles stored at the Mobilization and Training Equipment 

1

 Contaminant — naturally occurring or manufactured compounds in soil or 

water that can limit suitability for use or can represent degradation of quality.

2

 A map of the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area and OTA 

boundaries can be accessed at http://www.birdsofprey.blm.gov/

Site (MATES) compound move within the OTA on more than 70 mi 

of cinder or dirt roads.

The OTA is located on a widespread topographic mound. 

Soils derived from loess, volcanic ash, and cinders overlie undulating, fractured basalt and commonly are a few inches to few feet 

thick. Basalt outcrops are common throughout the area. Land 

surface elevations range from about 2,800 to 3,500 ft above sea 

level. The three most prominent topographic features in the area 

are volcanic domes or cinder cones — Christmas Mountain 

(3,497 ft), Bigfoot Butte (3,535 ft), and Cinder Cone Butte 

(3,426 ft).

The area includes three surface-water drainages (USGS, 

1983) — northwestward to Indian Creek, southward or southeastward to Mountain Home, and southwestward to the Snake River. 

Surface-water flow is intermittent and occurs in a few small 

stream channels after snowmelt or thunderstorms. Water pools in 

rock outcrops, low points in silty soil, and numerous small playas 

throughout the OTA.

Two wells are located within the OTA Snake River Support 

Facility well and Ammunition Supply Point (ASP) well and one 

IDARNG well adjacent to the OTA (MATES well). Water levels 

are more than 480 ft below land surface. The hydrogeology for all 

other areas of the OTA is unknown. Deep-rooted volcanic structures underlying the OTA may affect directions of ground-water 

movement through the area, but generalized directions of movement may be northwestward to southwestward (H. Harrington, 

written commun., 2001; Newton, 1991, p. G7).

Weather data are measured at three sites in the OTA — two 

tipping-bucket rain gages maintained by the Idaho Army National 

Guard (near Impact Area Ranges 2 and 14), and a weather station 

maintained by Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Watershed Research Center (southwest of Impact Area Range 26). 

Weather systems generally move southeastward or northeastward 

through the OTA. Precipitation ranges from about 6.5 to 11 in. 

per year. Thunderstorms may produce no measurable precipitation or may cause localized flooding. Wind gusts may exceed 30 

mph (Agricultural Research Service, written commun., 2002).

Detailed information on history of the OTA, land uses, 

hydrogeology, and soils is included in reports by Nace and others 

(1957), Young (1977), Norton and others (1982), CH2M Hill 

(1987), Othberg (1994), Ogden Environmental & Energy Services (1997), and U.S. Department of Agriculture (2001).

Phase I Assessment — Documentation and 

Compilation of Existing Information

The OTA assessment was conducted in two phases. The 

Phase 1 study was conducted from June through September 2001. 

This study documented locations of monitoring and water-supply 

wells within and adjacent to the OTA, compiled water-level and 

water-quality data for these wells, documented stream-gage locations within and adjacent to the OTA, and compiled surface-water 

data. A comprehensive work plan also was developed during 

Phase I for the second phase of investigation and included 

definition of data gaps and suggestions for actions to define 
4 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

Figure 2. Location of selected features in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

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Site Selection, Sampling Methods, Laboratory Analyses, and Data Summaries 5

characteristics, locations, and concentrations of soil and water 

contaminants. Copies of all data were sent to National Guard 

Bureau and IDARNG offices.

Findings of the Phase 1 study showed that prior to 2001, no 

data were available on surface-water discharge or soil, surfacewater, streambed sediment, or ground-water quality conditions 

within the OTA or along the vehicle corridor. Limited groundwater analyses were available from a well used for public supply 

and irrigation at the MATES compound along the northeast 

boundary of the OTA. No ground-water analyses were available 

from two IDARNG wells located within the OTA. Groundwater level and (or) water-quality data were available from wells 

within a several-mile radius of the OTA. No ground-water level 

or water-quality data were available for relatively large areas 

adjacent to the OTA. Precipitation data were available from three 

sites in the OTA, and weather data were available from the site 

near Range 26.

Phase II Assessment — Determination of the 

Nature and Extent of Potential Soil, SurfaceWater, and Ground-Water Contamination

Phase II was conducted between October 2001 and September 2003. The primary objective of the Phase II study was to 

determine the nature and extent of potential soil, surface-water, 

and ground-water contamination at the OTA. The secondary 

objective of the study was to collect and analyze precipitation 

samples to document types and concentrations of chemical compounds deposited by rain. Airborne dust samples were collected 

to document quantity and quality of sediments carried by wind.

If present in the area, contaminants resulting from land and 

water uses could move within the OTA or to private and public 

lands adjacent to the OTA by wind erosion, vehicle and animal 

movements, or infiltration of water through soil to underlying 

fractured basalt and ground water. Intermittent surface-water flow 

from snowmelt or intense rainstorms could transport contaminated water or sediments from the OTA to perennial stream channels and the Snake River. Contaminants could be incorporated 

into local plants and wildlife or domestic animal food chains. 

Also, exposure to contaminants could be a potential health risk to 

personnel working at the OTA.

Between June 2002 and April 2003, a total of 114 soil, 

surface-water, ground-water, precipitation, or dust samples were 

collected from 68 sample sites (65 different locations) in the 

OTA or along the vehicle corridor (figure 1 and figure 3). In 

some locations, pairs of soil and water samples were collected. 

In other locations, soil, precipitation, and dust samples were 

collected from the same general area. Locations and descriptions 

of 84 soil, 12 surface water, 4 ground water, 11 precipitation, 

and 3 dust samples are summarized in table 1. Notes on type of 

sample (soil, surface water, ground water, precipitation, or dust), 

sampling methods (grab versus grid soil samples), laboratory 

analyses (total versus dissolved constituents), quality control 

(duplicate and replicate samples), and analyzing laboratories also 

are included in table 1. Four quality-control samples are included 

in the table — two equipment blanks for precipitation samples 

and two equipment blanks for surface-water samples collected by 

peristaltic pump.

The purposes of this report are to describe sample locations 

and sampling methods, summarize laboratory analyses, and discuss selected sets of data from the Phase II investigations. Explanations and definitions for terms, abbreviations, and acronyms 

used in this report are listed in table A (appendix, back of report).

SITE SELECTION, SAMPLING METHODS, 

LABORATORY ANALYSES, AND DATA 

SUMMARIES

Site Selection

The OTA and vehicle corridor comprise a relatively large 

area with diverse historical and current land and water uses. 

Choice of soil sample locations primarily was based on one or 

more of the following criteria: areas with little or no historical 

or current land or water uses (background conditions); areas 

used for small arms training; areas in and near the Multi-Purpose 

Range Complex-Heavy (MPRC-H) tank maneuvering and firing 

ranges; areas near, downgradient, or downwind from the Artillery Impact Area; areas within the MATES and ASP compounds; 

sites within the Maneuver Areas used for bivouac and vehicle 

parking; areas near precipitation and weather data sites; areas 

in and near large playas, including Tadpole Lake; dry stream 

channels, especially those draining the Artillery Impact Area or 

larger channels near OTA boundaries; areas adjacent to major 

access roads to the OTA; and areas along the vehicle corridor 

outside the OTA boundaries. Where possible, locations representing these sampling criteria were selected within each of the 

three drainage basins within the OTA, and the sampling sites 

were distributed throughout the OTA. Sampling locations were 

not chosen, in most cases, on the basis of soil type or vegetation 

cover. There were few restrictions on access to Maneuver Areas 

and the MATES compound, but access to most locations within 

the Impact Area and ASP compound was restricted and required 

clearance from OTA range control or escort by IDARNG personnel. No samples were collected in the Artillery Impact Area.

No surface-water flow was observed or measured in stream 

channels within the Impact Area during this investigation. In 

March 2003, surface water was collected from Tadpole Lake, 

the wash water pond at MATES (September 2002 and March 

2003), three storm-water puddles, and two storm-water drains 

at MATES. Sampling of storm-water puddles in March 2003 

was limited, in part, to areas near all-season dirt roads, puddles 

where water samples could be collected without disturbing fine 

sediments in the puddle basin, and water not affected by muddy 

roadbed runoff (figure 4).

Ground-water samples were collected from two of three 

IDARNG wells located in or near the OTA. Water was collected 

from the MATES well in September 2002 and the ASP well in 
6 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

Figure 3. Location of sampling sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

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Site Selection, Sampling Methods, Laboratory Analyses, and Data Summaries 7

February 2003. A water sample was not collected from the Snake 

River Support Facility well located near the MATES and ASP 

wells, and water levels were not measured in these wells during 

this study. No other wells are located within the OTA.

Three to four precipitation samples were collected from each 

of the three OTA weather sites during the investigation (figure 3).

The amount of precipitation from a storm varied from site to site 

depending on direction of storm movement and intensity of rainfall. Precipitation was collected from at least one site in August, 

October, and January. Samples were collected from all three sites 

after storms in December and April.

Dust samples were collected in December 2002 from collectors at each of the OTA weather sites. Sample collectors were in 

place from June to December 2002.

Sampling Methods

Soil sampling equipment comprised a 1-L glass jar, a small 

stainless steel scoop, and a zip-seal plastic bag (figure 5). The jar 

and Teflon-lined cap were prewashed with phosphate-free soap, 

soaked in dilute hydrochloric acid, rinsed with deionized water, 

air dried, and stored in zip-seal bags. Stainless steel scoops were 

washed in phosphate-free soap, rinsed with deionized water, air 

dried, and stored with each sample bottle in a zip-seal bag. Latex 

gloves were worn during sample collection and sample preparation.

Soil samples were collected by grid pattern or grab sample 

methods. The grid pattern method was used to sample a composite of surface soil within an approximately 40-by-100-ft area. Partial scoops of soil collected from about 10-ft intervals within the 

grid area were deposited in a sampling jar. Latitude and longitude 

of each scoop site were measured by Global Positioning System 

(GPS) and recorded. In stream channels, scoops were collected 

periodically in a zigzag pattern down the stream channel. Soil 

within the jar was later mixed by shaking before being transferred 

to smaller sample containers for laboratory analyses. The grid 

pattern method was used for soil collected in and near the OTA 

between August and October 2002.

The grab sample method was used to collect soil within 

approximately 1- to 2-ft2 areas (figure 5). Soil was scooped into 

a glass sample jar, and soil within the jar was later mixed by 

shaking before being transferred to smaller sample containers for 

laboratory analyses. Latitude and longitude of the sample location 

were measured by GPS and recorded. The grab sample method 

was used when sampling areas were small (such as cinder pit 

walls or storm-water drains), when followup soil sampling was 

needed in areas with previous grid samples (areas in and around 

Tadpole Lake, samples 50, 51, and 53 to 57), or when special 

clustered sampling was needed in areas where anomalous trace 

metal or explosive compounds were detected (areas near MPRC-H

BPB2, samples 26.1 – 26.5, or Range 2 weather, samples 29.1 – 29.8).

Surface-water samples were collected by either grab sample 

(sample bottles filled by laboratory-cleaned, 60-mL polyethylene 

syringe, figure 6a, figure 6g, and figure 6h) or peristaltic pump 

(laboratory-cleaned, polyethylene tubing flushed onsite with 

sample water, figure 6b , figure 6c, figure 6d, figure 6e, and 

figure 6f). When the peristaltic pump was used, the sample 

tubing was attached to floating, air-filled pillows, with the tube 

end extending several inches beyond the pillow in the water. Airpillow support of the tubing allowed sampling away from muddy 

shorelines, control of sampling depth, and sampling without 

disturbing fine bottom sediments.

Ground-water samples were collected from an all-weather 

hydrant (MATES well) or pump-house faucet (ASP well). Water 

Figure 4. Storm-water puddle and muddy runoff to Sand Creek 

from Pleasant Valley Road near the Orchard Training Area, Ada 

County, Idaho, March 2003 (near sample 4sw). (Shadow is from a 

power pole)

Figure 5. Sampling equipment and grab sample of soil at 

Tadpole Lake, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 

December 2002 (sample 50)
8 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

Figure 6a. Storm-water puddle near Sand 

Creek near the Orchard Training Area, Ada 

County, Idaho, March 2003, syringe sample 

(sample 4sw)

Figure 6b. Tadpole Lake, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, 

Idaho, March 2003, peristalic pump (samples 55 and 56sw)

Figure 6c. MATES NE drain, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, 

Idaho, March 2003, peristaltic pump (samples 9 and 10sw)
Site Selection, Sampling Methods, Laboratory Analyses, and Data Summaries 9

Figure 6d. MATES wash water pond, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 

March 2003, peristaltic pump (samples 17 and 17sw)

Figure 6e. MATES wash water pond, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 

March 2003, peristaltic pump (sample 17sw)
10 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

Figure 6f. MATES wash water pond, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 

March 2003, air-pillow support for sample tubing (sample17sw)

Figure 6g. MATES fueling area runoff, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 

March 2003 (sample 12)
Site Selection, Sampling Methods, Laboratory Analyses, and Data Summaries 11

Figure 6h. MATES east drain, Orchard Training Aream 

Ada County, Idaho, March 2003 syringe sample (samples 

13 and 13sw)

was allowed to flow until onsite measurements of pH, specific 

conductance, dissolved oxygen, and water temperature were 

stable before samples were collected for laboratory analyses. 

Standard USGS water-sampling protocols were followed for 

collection of water samples (http://water.usgs.gov/owq/Field

Manual).

Surface- and ground-water samples were collected in bottles 

prepared and supplied by either Severn Trent Laboratory (STL) 

or the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL). STL 

added sample preservatives to specified bottles before shipping, 

but preservatives were added onsite to bottles being shipped to 

the NWQL. Sample container requirements for STL and NWQL 

are shown in table B and table C, appendix.

A precipitation sample collector was set up at each of the 

three weather sites in the OTA in June 2002 (figure 7a and 

figure 7b). The sample collector consisted of a 5-gal plastic 

bucket with an approximately 2-in. hole cut in the center of the 

bottom. A 1-L, laboratory-cleaned, Teflon or polypropylene 

separatory funnel was placed inside a large zip-seal plastic bag 

(to keep the tip of the funnel clean) and then set into the bucket 

with the stopcock end of the funnel hanging through the 2-in. 

hole. An 18-in.-diameter polyethylene funnel was set on top of 

the bucket with the neck of the large funnel fit into the top of the 

separatory funnel. The large funnel was zip-tied to the bucket, 

and the bucket collector was attached to a corner fencepost at 

each weather site.

Precipitation was captured in the large, polyethylene funnel 

and flowed into the separatory funnel. Samples were removed 

from the collector by cutting open the protective plastic bag 

around the separatory funnel tip, opening the stopcock valve, and 

letting water flow into a sample bottle. Collectors were emptied 

periodically and flushed with distilled water, and storm-water 

samples generally were collected within about a day after a major 

storm.

Although the precipitation collectors worked well overall, 

one problem with the collectors was that dust, insects, and bird 

droppings on the large funnel were carried to the separatory funnel during storms, which contaminated the precipitation sample. 

Also, when the collectors originally were set up, a small amount 

of lab-grade silicon oil was added to the separatory funnels to 

reduce evaporation losses (the precipitation samples were not 

to be analyzed for silica concentrations). The silicon oil flushed 

out of separatory funnels during larger storms, however, leaving a film of oil on the inside of the collector bucket and outside 

the separatory funnel. After the first few weeks of collector use, 

silicon oil was no longer used. The equipment was dismantled, 

cleaned, and set up again at the weather sites.

Dust samples were collected by two methods: plastic bucket 

with large collector funnel and Big Springs Number Eight 

(BSNE) field dust collectors (figure 7a and figure 7b). Bucket 

samplers were similar to precipitation samplers — a 5-gal plastic 

bucket with large, polyethylene funnel zip-tied to the bucket. A 
12 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

Figure 7a. Precipitation, airborne dust, and BSNE collectors, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 

Range 26 weather site, June 2002 (samples 62p and 62d)

1-L, largemouth, polyethylene bottle was placed inside the bucket 

at the base of the collector funnel. Bucket samplers were attached 

to fenceposts at the weather sites so that the top of the collector 

funnel was about 5 ft above land surface.

The BSNE collector was developed and designed by 

Dr. Bill Fryrear of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Wind 

Erosion Field Laboratory located at Big Springs, Texas 

(http://www.csrl.ars.usda.gov/wewc/tooltech.htm). BSNE collectors consisted of an array of dust catchers, each attached to 

a pivoting wind vane and each mounted at a different height on 

a central pole. The heights of the individual collectors could be 

adjusted up or down the supporting pole. At the OTA, the samplers were set at about 2 and 3 ft above land surface.

Laboratory Analyses

Most soil and water samples were analyzed by the STL 

in Denver, Colorado, a Department of Defense Environmental 

Conservation (DODEC) Hydrology Program contract laboratory 

(http://water.usgs.gov/usgs/dodec). A few surface-water samples 

were analyzed for both total and dissolved concentrations of 

selected constituents. Precipitation samples were analyzed by the 

NWQL (http://nwql.usgs.gov/) in Denver, Colorado. Dust samples from the bucket collectors were sent to the USGS Cascades 

Volcano Observatory Sediment Laboratory (CVO) in Vancouver, 

Wash. (http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Projects/SedLab/framework.

html), for sand-break3 and total sediment weight analyses only. 

No dust samples from the BSNE collectors were sent for analysis.

Samples were shipped with chain-of-custody records to laboratories for next-day delivery. Analyses turnaround times were 

about 30 days for STL and 30 to 60 days for NWQL and CVO.

Data Summaries

Copies of all STL and NWQL soil and water data and 

summaries of information related to the soil and water data 

have been sent to National Guard Bureau and IDARNG offices. 

The soil data comprises 15,361 lines of analyses, of which 10,370 

are soil analyses and 4,991 are STL quality control analyses. The 

water data comprises 4,182 lines of STL analyses, of which 1,540 

are water analyses and 2,642 are STL quality control analyses. 

Summaries of information related to soil and water data include 

USGS ground-water, surface-water, precipitation, and dust 

analyses; a comparison of STL dissolved and total analyses; and 

STL organic-free water and equipment blank analyses (table 1, 

3

 Sand-break analyses of sediment samples gives the percent of sediment be 

weight that is finer than 0.062 millimeter.
Soil 13

table 2, table 3, table 4, table 5, table 6, table 7, and table 8, back 

of report). Additional information comprises summaries of STL 

and NWQL analysis descriptions (table C and table D, appendix), 

laboratory methods (table C and table E, appendix), definitions of 

STL quality control terms and qualifiers (table F, appendix).

SOIL

Discussions of soil data are divided into two parts — naturally occurring constituents and constituents related to land- and 

water-use contamination. Wide ranges of trace metal (aluminum, 

arsenic, chromium, and lead, for example), major ion (chloride, 

fluoride, potassium, sodium, and sulfate), and nutrient (nitrate 

and phosphorus, for example) concentrations were measured in 

soils at the OTA and are naturally occurring or are the result of 

contamination from land- and water-use activities. Explosive, 

semivolatile organic (SVOC), and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds (including diesel range organics, DRO; total petroleum 

hydrocarbons, TPH; and n-hexane extractable materials, HEM) 

are not naturally occurring in soils at the OTA, and detectable 

concentrations of these compounds are the result of land- and 

water-use contamination.

Selected Trace Metals, Major Ions, and Nutrients

Distinguishing naturally large concentrations of trace metals, major ions, and nutrients in soil from contamination related 

to land and water uses at the OTA was difficult. There were no 

historical soil analyses for this area to compare with modern data, 

and although 84 soil analyses were collected from 55 sample sites 

in and near the OTA, sampled areas represented only a small part 

of the complex OTA land-use history and soil types (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2001).

For naturally occurring compounds, two assumptions were 

made — anomalously large concentrations, when tied to known 

land uses, may indicate presence of contamination; and naturally 

occurring concentrations cannot be separated from contamination 

concentrations in mid- and lower ranges of data. Selected statistical analyses of soil data, shown in table 2, were used to summarize the large number of analyses and define anomalous data.

Statistical analyses were calculated from grid or grab 

method data but did not include clustered or followup data for 

Tadpole Lake, MPRC-H BPB2, and Range 2. Ranges (minimum 

and maximum), average (mean), 50th percentile (median, and 

75th percentile, and 90th percentile of concentrations are presented, and samples for the five smallest concentrations (the 90th 

percentile or greater) are listed for each.

Figure 7b. Precipitation, airborne dust, and BSNE collectors, Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 

Range 2 weather site, June 2002 (samples 30p and 30d)
14 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

Smallest concentrations may represent the lowest naturally 

occurring range of concentrations and (or) the absence of trace 

metal, major ion, or nutrient contaminants related to land and 

water uses. Sample numbers of sites with the five smallest concentrations, in order of increasing concentrations, are shown in 

table 2. The two sites where small concentrations of constituents 

were most common are highlighted. Smallest concentrations of 

trace metals, major ions, or nutrient compounds were from Sand 

Creek (5)4 and vehicle corridor at railroad tracks (3). The next 

sample site with many small concentrations was cinder pit wall 

(40). The cinder pit wall sample was collected from undisturbed 

cinders in the wall of an excavated cinder cone in the southeastern part of the OTA and was intended to represent background 

conditions for areas with cinder soils in the OTA, including roadway and parking areas.

Concentrations in the 90th percentile or greater may represent the largest naturally occurring range of concentrations and 

(or) the presence of land-use contaminants. Sample numbers of 

sites with concentrations in the upper 10th percentile, in order of 

increasing concentrations, are shown in table 2. The two sites 

where large concentrations of constituents were most common 

are highlighted. Largest concentrations of trace metals and major 

ions were from Tadpole Lake (52) and a playa near Tadpole 

Lake (49). The next sample sites with large concentrations were 

MPRC-H BP3 (31), Range 5 parking (22), MATES east drain 

(13), MATES drain at tank parking gate (11), Range 5 firing (23), 

and cinder pit near Cinder Cone Butte (41).

Some statistical analyses shown in table 2 also are presented 

as boxplot diagrams, figure 8a, figure 8b, figure 8c, figure 8d, and 

figure 8e. A boxplot diagram summarizes the distribution of a 

data set and is useful for comparing several related data sets. The 

boxplot ‘box’ shows the upper quartile (75th percentile), median, 

and lower quartile (25th percentile) of data. One and one-half (1.5) 

times the height of the box (25th percentile to 75th percentile) is a 

‘step,’ and lines extending above and below the box (‘whiskers’) 

are 1 step away from the box. Small circles above and below the 

whiskers (outliers) show concentrations more than 1 step above 

or below the box and represent varying percentiles of concentrations (generally greater than the 90th percentile for larger concentrations). Because ranges of trace metal concentrations were very 

large (2.5 to 40,000,000 mg/kg), boxplot diagrams for trace metals were separated into small range (1 to 10,000 mg/kg), medium 

range (1,000 to 1,000,000 mg/kg), and large range (10,000 to 

100,000,000 mg/kg) diagrams with log-10 scales.

Each set of trace metal, major ion, and nutrient analyses 

is represented by three boxplots — compiled data (All sites), 

MATES-only data (MATES sites), and Tadpole Lake-only data 

(Tadpole Lake sites). There are 48 analyses for each compiled 

data set (clustered and followup samples from Tadpole Lake, 

MPRC-H BPB2, and Range 2 are not included), 7 analyses for 

MATES-only data, and 7 analyses for Tadpole Lake-only data 

(the original sample and 6 followup samples).

4

 Numbers in parentheses refer to sample numbers shown in figure 1 and 

figure 3 and described in table 1.

Median concentrations of molybdenum and ammonia were 

larger for compiled data than for MATES or Tadpole Lake data. 

Median concentrations of cadmium and fluoride were larger for 

MATES data than for compiled or Tadpole Lake data. Median 

concentrations of arsenic, chromium, copper, silver, strontium, 

zinc, and chloride were larger for MATES data than for compiled 

data but smaller than for Tadpole Lake data. Medians of 28 of 

32 trace metals, major ions, and nutrients for Tadpole Lake data 

were larger than for compiled or MATES data. Largest concentrations of most constituents were from Tadpole Lake samples, but 

largest concentrations of cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, 

mercury, molybdenum, titanium, zinc, chloride, sodium, ammonia, orthophosphate, and total phosphorus were from MATES 

or other OTA samples. A summary of statistical analyses and 

boxplots is shown in table 3.

Consistently and anomalously large concentrations from the 

original Tadpole Lake sample (grid sample method), 6 followup 

samples (grab sample method), and 1 sample from a playa near 

Tadpole Lake (grab sample method) are not understood at this 

time. Tadpole Lake and the playa are near the Artillery Impact 

Area, and there are empty shell casings in the Tadpole Lake sediments. Tadpole Lake is fenced, but cattle graze around the Lake 

and through the playa. There is standing water in both the Lake 

and playa for a few weeks each year, and algae were observed 

growing in Tadpole Lake water in late winter 2002. Concentrations of trace metals and major ions may be naturally occuring, 

related to historical land uses in the area, or a combination of 

both.

Chromium and Hexavalent Chromium

An anomalously large chromium concentration was reported 

for an August 2002 soil sample from the Range 2 weather site 

(sample 29, grid pattern sampling method, 97,000 mg/kg total 

chromium). In April 2003, eight additional soil samples (29.1 – 29.8,

grab sample method) were collected from the Range 2 weather 

site area and analyzed for total trace metal concentrations. Chromium concentrations in these followup samples ranged from 

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Figure 8a. Selected total trace metal concentrations, 1 to 10,000 micrograms per kilogram range, in soil samples from the Orchard Training Area
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Figure 8c. Selected total trace metal concentrations, 10,000 to 100,000,000 micrograms per kilogram range, in soil samples from the Orchard Tra
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Figure 8d. Selected major ion concentrations, in soil samples from the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho
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Figure 8e. Selected nutrient concentrations, in soil samples from the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho
20 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

21,000 to 25,000 mg/kg. There is no obvious explanation for the 

original anomalous concentration of chromium at this site.

In March 2003, soil samples from 17 sites in the OTA were 

analyzed for hexavalent chromium, Cr (VI), a possible contaminant related to air-scrubbing canisters in some older tanks. 

Samples were from MATES (7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, and 17), ASP 

(20), Range 2 weather (29), cinder pit wall (40), and Tadpole 

Lake (53, 55, and 57) sites, but no hexavalent chromium was 

detected in any of the samples.

Explosive, Semivolatile Organic, and Petroleum 

Hydrocarbon Compounds

Presence of explosive, SVOC, and petroleum hydrocarbon 

compounds in soil indicates contamination from land and water 

uses. Soil samples were analyzed for 16 explosive, 68 SVOC, and 

4 petroleum hydrocarbon compounds. Concentrations of these 

compounds in soil samples from the OTA are presented in table 4.

The most common organic contaminants in soil are petroleum hydrocarbon compounds and compounds related to combustion of fuel (phenanthrene, fluorine, fluoranthene, pyrene, 

benzo-compounds, and chrysene). Soil from sample sites along 

the vehicle corridor, access roads, parking areas, and storm-water 

drains at MATES contained one or more of these compounds. 

Samples from the MATES drain at tank parking gate (11) contained the largest concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon 

compounds. Pentachlorophenol, a wood preservative or pesticide, was detected in soil from the MATES drain at tank parking gate (11). The plasticizer bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was 

detected at a site on the vehicle corridor (2), MATES storm-water 

basin and wash water pond (7 and 16), ASP loading (20), and 

Range 2 weather (29). Diphenylamine and di-n-butyl-phthalate (dibutylphthalate) are components of pesticides, explosive 

stabilizers, and rocket fuel, and these compounds were detected at 

Range 5 firing (23), MPRC-H BPB2L (26), and Range 14 firing 

(43). N-Nitrosodiphenylamine, a rubber stabilizer or pesticide 

component, was detected in soil from Range 14 firing. Explosive 

compounds were detected in soil from MATES fueling area runoff (12), Range 5 firing (23), MPRC-H BPB2L (26), and Range 

14 firing (43).

The original soil sample from the MPRC-H BPB2L site 

(26) was collected by grid method and, in April 2002, a cluster 

of grab-method samples was collected from sites around the 

BPB2 tank pad in an effort to determine where the explosive 

concentrations were largest. Results of the resampling showed 

that concentrations of 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrotoluene, and 

nitroglycerin were largest in soil in front of the tank pad (26.4, a 

depression where rainwater puddles) and a concentration of 2,4-

dinitrotoluene was largest in soil from the ditch draining the tank 

pad area (26.1).

WATER AND DUST

Contaminants in soil can be moved within the OTA or transported outside the OTA by water or dust. The principal source of 

water at the OTA is precipitation, and surface water commonly 

occurs as small puddles throughout the OTA. Surface water may 

recharge perched or regional ground-water systems by flowing 

into fractures in basalt outcrops and infiltrating streambed materials, soil, or pond beds.

As water moves over soils, soil constituents are dissolved or 

suspended in the water and, like soil, surface water at the OTA 

can contain large concentrations of dissolved or total concentrations of trace metals, major ions, and nutrients. Distinguishing 

naturally occurring large concentrations in surface water from 

contamination related to land and water uses was difficult.

Surface- and ground-water samples were analyzed for the 

same suites of constituents as were soil samples. Precipitation 

samples were analyzed for selected nutrients, major ions, and 

explosive compounds. Dust samples were analyzed for sand 

break and sediment weight only.

Surface-water samples were collected from storm-water 

drains at MATES (10sw and 13sw), MATES wash water pond 

(17sw), Tadpole Lake (56sw), and three storm-water puddles 

(4sw, 27sw, and 28sw). Ground-water samples were collected 

from the MATES well (8gw) and ASP well (21gw). Precipitation and dust samples were collected from the three weather sites 

(30p, 30d, 39p, 39d, 62p, and 62d).

Surface Water

In the Impact Area, storm-water runoff generally moves 

over land or follows poorly defined stream channels to playas 

or ditches adjacent to the Range Road within the Impact Area. 

Storm water on the roads generally flows to adjacent ditches. 

There are a few small-diameter drainage culverts under the Range 

Road and a few shallow channels constructed to divert water a 

relatively short distance from the Range Road ditches. Between 

July 2002 and April 2003, no water was observed flowing from 

the Impact Area to Maneuver Areas5.

In Maneuver Areas, stream channels become better defined, 

and water may flow for some distance in stream channels after 

occasional snowmelt or rainfall. At the MATES facility, water 

flows from roadways and vehicle parking, fueling, and storage areas to large storm-water ditches and catch basins. Surface 

water was observed flowing from the OTA to offsite areas at two 

locations in late March 2003 — streamflow in Rabbit Creek at the 

southern OTA boundary and storm-water flow in the MATES NE 

drain (10sw) under the perimeter fence.

5

 During the week of February 16 - 20, 2004, water was observed ponding across 

the Range Road (from ditch to ditch) after a period of rapid snowmelt. Water 

flowed across the Range Road at several locations. Water ponding behind a berm 

near sample site 48 in the Impact Area overflowed the berm, eroded gullies in the 

Range Road roadbed, and flowed to a stream channel in the adjacent Maneuver 

Area.
Water and Dust 21

A summary of selected statistical analyses for surface-water 

data is shown in table 5. Analytical results of explosive compounds in surface-water samples are described in the “Explosive, 

Semivolatile Organic, and Petroleum Hydrocarbon Compounds in 

Water Samples” section of this report.

Selected Trace Metals, Major Ions, and Nutrients 

in Surface Water

Nineteen of 23 trace metal, 4 of 5 major ion, and 1 of 4 

nutrient concentrations were larger in water from Tadpole Lake 

(56w) than in any other water sample (table 5). Concentrations of 

total aluminum, beryllium, iron, molybdenum, titanium, chloride, 

potassium, and sulfate in water from Tadpole Lake were 6 to 15 

times larger than the next largest concentration. Concentrations 

of constituents in both soil and water from the Tadpole Lake 

area were larger than from other locations at the OTA, and it is 

unknown whether these unusually large concentrations indicate 

naturally occurring conditions, contamination related to land 

uses, or both.

Concentrations of most metals in samples from Range 

Road puddle at MPRC-H (27sw), MATES wash water pond 

(17sw), or MATES NE drain (10sw) were relatively large, with 

the exception of mercury. Relatively large concentrations of total 

aluminum, beryllium, chromium, iron, nickel, selenium, silver, 

thallium, and titanium in the sample from Range 6 (28sw) cannot 

be explained. The Range 6 puddle was located east of Range 

Road and adjacent to an infrequently used dirt track. Relatively 

large metals concentrations in water from the MATES compound 

are related to vehicle storage, use, and washing areas.

Water from Sand Creek storm-water puddle (4sw), MATES 

east storm-water drain (13sw), and Tadpole Lake (56sw) contained the largest concentrations of mercury. Water from the Sand 

Creek puddle (4sw) contained a relatively large concentration of 

lead, and water from MATES east drain (13sw) contained relatively large concentrations of molybdenum and vanadium.

Concentrations of most major ions and nutrients were largest in water samples from the Range Road puddle at MPRC-H 

(27sw) and MATES wash water pond (17sw). Nutrients in the 

sample from the Range Road puddle at MPRC-H (27sw) may be 

related to cattle grazing in the area. Relatively large concentrations of nutrients in samples from Sand Creek (4sw) and MATES 

NE drain (10sw) may be related to plant growth, debris in the 

stream and storm drain channels, and animal grazing.

Precipitation

Analyses of precipitation were used to establish the lower 

range of compound concentrations, a comparative baseline of 

water quality for surface-water analyses. Because precipitation collectors were limited to 1 L of sample and STL required 

a minimum of 3 L of sample for analyses, selected trace metals, 

major ions, and nutrients in precipitation samples were analyzed 

by the NWQL (table 6 and table B, appendix). Three samples 

were collected from the Range 2 weather site, two from the 

Range 14 weather site, and three from the Range 26 weather site. 

Concentrations of constituents varied by sample dates for each 

site and from site to site for the same storm. Concentrations of 

all constituents on all dates (except manganese, December 18, 

2002) in Range 14 precipitation samples were consistently small. 

Concentrations in the January 20, 2003, sample from Range 14 

were the smallest among all dates and times.

Concentrations of all constituents (except manganese and 

nitrite plus nitrate) from the Range 2 weather site were larger 

than from Range 14 or Range 26 sites, and concentrations or 

measurements of 9 of 16 constituents from the October 29, 2002, 

precipitation sample from Range 2 were larger than all other 

precipitation concentrations or measurements. The largest concentrations of dissolved manganese and nitrite plus nitrate were 

analyzed in an October 29, 2002, sample from Range 26.

Differences in water quality between precipitation sites 

may be related to accumulations of airborne dust on the collector 

funnels. The dust was flushed into the separatory funnel during 

storms. The Range 14 dust collector accumulated the smallest 

amount of dust and the Range 26 collector accumulated the largest amount of dust. Dust analyses are discussed in the “Dust” 

section of this report.

Insect and bird dropping contaminants were persistent problems in all precipitation samples, and a special mixture of bird 

droppings (from the collector funnel) in deionized water was prepared for laboratory analyses of dissolved nutrients only. Nutrient concentrations in this sample were small and probably were 

not a significant source of nutrients in the precipitation samples. 

An equipment blank sample was prepared by pouring deionized 

water through a cleaned precipitation collector, and the resulting 

sample was analyzed for trace metals, major ions, and nutrients. 

Constituent concentrations from the equipment blank generally 

were less than the minimum laboratory reporting level.

A summary of precipitation analyses is presented in table 6. 

Selected statistical analyses for precipitation are included in table 5.

Analytical results of explosive compounds in precipitation are 

described in the “Explosive, Semivolatile Organic, and Petroleum 

Hydrocarbon Compounds in Water” section of this report.

Ground Water

Analyses of ground-water samples were used, as were 

analyses of precipitation samples, to establish a baseline of water 

quality for surface-water analyses. Water from the MATES well 

at the OTA is used for lawn irrigation, potable supply for MATES 

and IDARNG personnel, and the large-scale vehicle wash facility. Vehicle wash water moves first to a concrete-lined pool to 

allow mud and debris to precipitate and then flows to a large, 

lined pond. Water in the pond evaporates, is recycled back to the 

wash facility, or is pumped to small, sand-filled spreading basins. 

Landscaped areas immediately adjacent to the MATES administration building are irrigated during dry months, and wastewater 

from the MATES facility is piped to a lined evaporation pond.

Ground-water quality conditions in most areas of the OTA 

are unknown because there are few wells. Total and dissolved 
22 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

concentrations of trace metals (except total iron), major ions, and 

nutrients in water from ASP and MATES wells along the eastern 

boundary of the OTA were similar and smaller than drinkingwater limits for municipal water supplies (U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency, 2004, p. 8 –10). The secondary drinking-water 

limit is 300 mg/L for iron, and water from the ASP well contained a total iron concentration of 460 mg/L. The concentration 

of total iron in the MATES well sample was 18 mg/L. Dissolved 

iron in the ASP well sample was 440 mg/L, indicating that the 

large concentration of total iron analyzed in the water sample was 

not the result of suspended solids in the sample.

A summary of selected statistical analyses for ground-water 

data is shown in table 5. Analytical results of explosive compounds in ground-water samples are described in the “Explosive, 

Semivolatile Organic, and Petroleum Hydrocarbon Compounds in 

Water Samples” section of this report.

Total and Dissolved Concentrations in Water 

Samples

All surface- and ground-water samples from the OTA were 

analyzed for total (suspended plus dissolved) concentrations. 

Several duplicate surface-water samples and water from the ASP 

well were analyzed for both total and dissolved concentrations 

to determine the importance of suspended solids in overall water 

chemistry and movement of contaminants.

Dissolved and total concentrations of most constituents 

in surface-water samples were not noticeably different, which 

indicates that concentrations of most constituents were not 

determined by suspended solids (table 7). Dissolved and total 

concentrations of aluminum, iron, and titanium were noticeably 

different, which indicates that relatively large amounts were 

suspended in the water rather than dissolved in the water. It is not 

known whether these differences are related to low solubility and 

geochemical conditions of the water or to other factors.

Explosive, Semivolatile Organic, and Petroleum 

Hydrocarbon Compounds in Water Samples

Three explosive compounds were detected in an April 2003 

precipitation sample from the Range 2 weather site, two compounds were detected in an April 2003 precipitation sample from 

the Range 26 weather site, and one compound was detected in a 

September 2002 water sample from the MATES well. Explosive compound detections in precipitation and ground water at 

the OTA were unanticipated. Airborne dust was present in all 

precipitation collectors, and it is unknown whether the source of 

explosive compounds in the April 2003 precipitation samples was 

precipitation at that site or dust transported by wind and flushed 

into the separatory funnel. The source of RDX in the water 

sample from the MATES well is unknown.

The source of hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid) in water 

from Tadpole Lake also was unusual. Sources of hexadecanoic 

acid generally are animal or vegetable fats or oils. Possible 

sources of this compound in Tadpole Lake water are unknown. 

Petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations were detected in water 

from a MATES storm-water drain, the MATES wash water pond, 

a storm-water puddle near the Range Road at MPRC-H, and 

Tadpole Lake. Explosive, SVOC, and petroleum hydrocarbon 

compounds detected in surface-water, ground-water, and precipitation samples from the OTA are shown in table 4.

Dust

Dust may be an important factor in movement of contaminants, especially during summer and fall months when vehicle 

activities on roads, Impact Areas, and Maneuver Areas move fine 

dust from the soil to the air or vehicles. Weather systems may 

transport the dust within the OTA area or areas outside the OTA. 

Dust from contaminated soil can be transported by vehicles and 

deposited along roads, in vehicle parking areas, or washed into 

the wash water pond at MATES.

Dust samples were collected from bucket and BSNE samplers at Range 2, Range 14, and Range 26 weather sites (30d, 

39d, and 62d). The original intent of this sampling was to measure the amount of airborne dust that accumulated in a 5-month 

period from late summer to winter, collect airborne dust from 

varying heights above land surface, and analyze dust for selected 

trace metals, explosive compounds, and petroleum products. If 

contaminants were being moved by wind and dust within the 

OTA and possibly outside the OTA area, contaminated dust 

would have been deposited in these collectors.

After 5 months of collection, however, the small amount of 

dust in the bucket collectors was an insufficient sample for most 

laboratory analyses. Precipitation had collected in the bucket 

collectors, and samples with water and sediment from the bucket 

collectors were sent to the CVO lab for sand break and sediment weight only. Each of the three samples was 97 percent finer 

than 0.063 mm grain size (silt or clay; percent by weight). Total 

weight of sediment was 1.24 g from Range 2, 0.65 g from Range 

14, and 1.34 g from Range 26.

BSNE samples were not sent for laboratory analyses 

because only a thin coating of dust was present in each of the 

BSNE collectors. Sample volumes were very small, and samples 

would have to be scraped, brushed, or flushed off the galvanized 

collector surfaces, increasing the possibility of introducing contaminants from the collectors into the soil samples.

SUMMARY

The primary objective of the Phase II study was to determine the nature and extent of potential soil, surface-water, and 

ground-water contamination at the Orchard Training Area (OTA). 

The secondary objective of the study was to collect and analyze 

precipitation samples to document types and concentrations of 

chemical compounds deposited by rain. Airborne dust samples 

were collected to document quantity and quality of sediments 

carried by wind.
Suggestions for Future Action or Further Studies 23

To facilitate interpretation and use of study results, largest 

concentrations of constituents and compounds in soil or water 

samples are summarized in table 8. Constituents with maximum 

(upper 10th percentile) concentrations are shown in red (refer also 

to table 2 and table 6). Explosive, semivolatile organic, and 

petroleum hydrocarbon compounds are shown in bold (refer also 

table 4). Sample numbers are grouped into four general areas of 

land and water use within the OTA — vehicle corridor and major 

access roads, Maneuver Areas, Impact Area, and MATES 

compound.

In areas along the vehicle corridor and major access roads 

within the OTA, most trace metal, major ion, and nutrient concentrations in soil samples were not in the upper 10th percentile 

of data, but concentrations of 25 metals, ions, or nutrients were in 

the upper 10th percentile in a puddle sample near the heavy equipment maneuvering area, MPRC-H. The largest concentrations of 

tin, ammonia, and nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) in water from 

the OTA were detected in a sample from this puddle. Petroleum 

hydrocarbons were the most common contaminant, detected in 

all soil samples and surface-water samples. An SVOC, bis (2-

ethylhexyl) phthalate, a plasticizer, was detected at a site on the 

vehicle corridor.

In Maneuver Areas within the OTA, many soil samples contained at least one trace metal, major ion, or nutrient in the upper 

10th percentile of data, and the largest concentrations of cobalt, 

iron, mercury, titanium, sodium, ammonia, or total phosphorus 

were detected in 6 of 13 soil samples outside the Tadpole Lake 

area. The largest concentrations of aluminum, arsenic, beryllium, 

nickel, selenium, silver, strontium, thallium, vanadium, chloride, 

potassium, sulfate, and nitrite plus nitrate were detected in soil 

samples from the Tadpole Lake area. Water from Tadpole Lake 

contained the largest total concentrations of 19 trace metals, 4 

major ions, and 1 nutrient. Petroleum hydrocarbons were detected in five soil samples and water from Tadpole Lake. SVOCs 

related to combustion of fuel or plasticizers were detected in one

soil sample. Explosive compounds were detected in one precipitation sample.

In the central Impact Area within the OTA, most soil samples contained at least one trace metal, major ion, or nutrient in 

the upper 10th percentile of data, and the largest concentrations of 

barium, chromium, copper, manganese, lead, or orthophosphate 

were detected in 6 of the 18 soil samples. Petroleum hydrocarbons were detected in four soil samples, SVOCs in six soil 

samples, and explosive compounds in four soil samples.

In the MATES compound adjacent to the OTA, all soil and 

water samples contained at least one trace metal, major ion, or 

nutrient in the upper 10th percentile of data. Largest concentrations of antimony, cadmium, molybdenum, tin, zinc, or fluoride 

were detected in two of the seven soil samples. Largest concentrations of antimony, cadmium, zinc, or fluoride were detected

in drain or pond water samples. Petroleum hydrocarbons were 

detected in six soil samples and two water samples. SVOCs

were detected in three soil samples. The explosive compound 

RDX was detected in one soil sample and one ground-water 

sample.

SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE ACTION OR 

FURTHER STUDIES

Soil and water in the northeast drain at the MATES compound contained relatively large concentrations of trace metals, 

nitrite plus nitrate, and petroleum hydrocarbons, and water from 

this drain flows to a muddy wetland used for seasonal cattle grazing outside the MATES fenced boundary. Containing this water 

within the MATES area would eliminate surface-water transport 

of contaminants to privately owned land and access to the water 

by livestock.

RDX was detected in the September 2002 water sample, collected from an all-weather hydrant at the vehicle wash area, but 

it is unknown whether the source of the RDX was the well or the 

plumbing system between the well and the hydrant. If RDX exists 

in water collected at the well head, the source of the contaminant to the well or regional ground-water system will need to be 

determined. If RDX is detected in water from sampling points in 

the MATES area but not at the well head, the source of leakage 

to the buried pipes will need to be determined. Resampling the 

MATES public-supply well for explosive compound analyses 

would provide the information needed to confirm existence of 

RDX in the system.

Only 4 soil or water samples were collected from playas in 

and near the OTA (35, 49, 50, and 56sw). There were no anomalous concentrations of trace metals or major ions in soil from a 

playa west of Ranges 10 and 11 (35), but there were numerous 

anomalous concentrations of trace metals and major ions from 

areas in and near Tadpole Lake (49, 50, and 56sw). Collection 

and analyses of soil and water from additional playas in and near 

the OTA would help determine whether large concentrations from 

the Tadpole Lake area were the result of geologic and environmental conditions specific to the Tadpole Lake area or are the 

result of playa conditions in general in this area.

Possibilities for transport of explosive compounds to areas 

within and outside the OTA and effects of exposure or ingestion 

of explosive compounds on wildlife are unknown. Explosive 

compounds were detected in precipitation samples from Range 

2 weather (30p) and Range 26 weather (62p) in the eastern and 

southwestern part of the OTA may have been transported by wind 

and dust. The extent of explosives transport by dust within and 

outside the OTA boundaries is not known. Additional precipitation samples for explosives analyses, periodically collected from 

various locations within the OTA, would provide needed data on 

extent of aerial transportation of explosive compounds.

Explosive compounds may adhere to or be absorbed by 

vegetation in the area; wildlife moving through areas where 

explosive compounds are present may ingest explosivescontaining vegetation or dust; and explosive compounds may 

move within and outside the OTA through carnivore, birds of 

prey, and other predator activities. Additional information is 

needed on these transport mechanisms, extent of transport, 

and effects of explosive compounds on wildlife in and moving 

through the OTA areas.
24 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

REFERENCES CITED

CH2M Hill, 1987, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard 

Training Area, environmental management and analysis 

plan: Boise, Idaho, Technical Memoranda volumes 1 and 2, 

Technical Memoranda 1 – 15, [variously paged].

Nace, R.L., West, S.W., and Mower, R.W., 1957, Feasibility of 

ground-water features of the alternate plan for the Mountain 

Home project, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply 

Paper 1376, 121 p.

 Newton, G.D., 1991, Geohydrology of the regional aquifer 

system, western Snake River Plain, southwestern Idaho: 

U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1408 – G, 52 p., 

1 pl.

Norton, M.A., Ondrechen, W., and Baggs, J.L., 1982, Ground 

water investigation of the Mountain Home plateau, Idaho: 

Boise, Idaho Department of Water Resources Open-File 

Report, 62 p.

Ogden Environmental and Energy Services, 1997, Past practices 

survey, Orchard Training Area: Boise, Idaho, 41 p., 6 apps.

Othberg, K.L., 1994, Geology and geomorphology of the 

Boise Valley and adjoining areas, western Snake River 

Plain, Idaho: Moscow, Idaho Geological Survey Bulletin 29, 

54 p.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2001, Soil survey of Orchard Training Area, 

Idaho: Boise, Idaho, 287 p.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2004, 2004 Edition 

of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories: 

Washington, D.C., EPA 822 – R – 04 – 005, 12 p.

U.S. Geological Survey, 1983, Hydrologic unit map — 1974, 

State of Idaho: Reston, Va., 1 pl.

Young, H.W., 1977, Reconnaissance of ground-water 

resources in the Mountain Home plateau area, southwest 

Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 77 – 108, 40 p.
Tables 1– 8

_____________________________________

 Ada County, Idaho

Ada County, Idaho

2. Selected statistical analyses of soil from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, 

Ada County, Idaho

3. Summary of statistical analyses of total metals, major ions, and nutrients in soil samples 

from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

1. Description of soil, water, precipitation, airborne dust, and quality control samples 

from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

4. Analyses of explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds 

detected in soil and water samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, 

5. Selected statistical analyses of water from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, 

Ada County, Idaho

6. Analyses of precipitation samples from weather sites in the Orchard Training Area, 

7. Concentrations of dissolved and total constituents in surface water from sites in and near the

. 

Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

8. Summary of large concentrations of trace metals, major ions, and nutrients, and detections

of explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds in soil and water,

by land- and water-use area in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho
26 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

[This page intentionally left blank]
Table 1 27

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

and 

figure 3) Sample date Sample type Sample identification Comments

1 8/22/02 soil, grid 114-0822-1451 Can-Ada Concrete vehicle corridor near Can-Ada Concrete

2 8/22/02 soil, grid 114-0822-1434 N. Kuna Road intersection Pleasant Valley Road at N. Kuna Road, vehicle corridor next to road

3 8/22/02 soil, grid 114-0822-1412 railroad tracks Pleasant Valley Road at vehicle corridor near railroad tracks

4sw 3/27/03 water, sw, STL 114-0327-1040 Sand Creek grab sample from storm water puddle

5 8/22/02 soil, grid 114-0822-1354 Sand Creek at OTA boundary Sand Creek--dry creek bed east of Pleasant Valley Road

6 12/18/02 soil, grid, background 114-1218-1530 NW of Christmas Mountain NW of Christmas Mountain,1- to 2-ft-tall sage

7 9/12/02 soil, grid

101-0912-1300 MATES entrance storm water 

basin storm water runoff basin at entrance to MATES

7 3/28/03 soil, grab, Cr(VI)

101-0328-1350 MATES entrance storm water 

basin storm water runoff basin at entrance to MATES, Cr (VI) only 

7 4/2/03 soil, grid, Cr(VI)

101-0912-1300 MATES entrance storm water 

basin Cr (VI) only--from 9/12/02 soil sample

8gw 9/12/02 water, gw, STL 101-0912-1135 MATES well

water samples from hydrant at overhead filling hose, near wash water 

spreading (STL analyses)

8gw 9/12/02

water, gw, USGS, 

replicate 01S 03E 35ABBA1 MATES well, replicate

water samples from hydrant at overhead filling hose, near wash water 

spreading (USGS-NWQL analyses)

9 9/12/02 soil, grid 101-0912-1005 MATES NE drain northeast storm water drain adjacent to tank parking area

9 4/2/03 soil, grid, Cr(VI) 101-0912-1005 MATES NE drain Cr (VI) only--from 9/12/02 soil sample

10sw 3/28/03 water, sw, STL 101-0328-1150 MATES NE drain northeast storm water drain adjacent to tank parking area

10sw 3/28/03 water, sw, STL 101-0328-1150 MATES NE drain dissolved metals

11 3/28/03 soil, grab, plus Cr (VI)

101-0328-1220 MATES drain at tank parking 

gate small drain at tank parking gate, plus Cr (VI)

12 9/12/02 soil, grid 101-0912-1050 MATES fueling area runoff storm water runoff basin near fueling area

12 4/2/03 soil, grid, Cr(VI) 101-0912-1050 MATES fueling area runoff Cr (VI) only--from 9/12/02 soil sample

12 3/28/03 soil, grab, Cr(VI) 101-0328-1255 MATES fueling area runoff storm water runoff near fueling area, Cr (VI) only 

13 3/28/03 soil, grab 101-0328-1310 MATES east drain east storm water drain to new large basin, full analyses plus Cr (VI)

13sw 3/28/03 water, sw, STL 101-0328-1310 MATES east drain east storm water drain to new large basin

14 8/29/02 soil, grid

114-0829-1338 maintenance area near 

Christmas Mountain vehicle maintenance area near Christmas Mountain

15 9/12/02 soil, grid

101-0912-1220 MATES wash water spreading 

area wash water spreading area

Table 1. Description of soil, water, precipitation, airborne dust, and quality control samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

[Abbreviations and acronyms are explained in table A, appendix]
28 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

and 

figure 3) Sample date Sample type Sample identification Comments

15 4/2/03 soil, grid, Cr(VI)

101-0912-1220 MATES wash water spreading 

area Cr (VI) only — from 9/12/02 soil sample

15 3/28/03 soil, grab, Cr(VI)

101-0328-1240 MATES wash water spreading 

area wash water spreading area, Cr (VI) only

16 9/12/02 soil, grid 101-0912-1235 MATES wash water pond wash water pond at MATES, near concrete spillway

16sw 9/12/02 water, sw, USGS 101-0912-1230 MATES wash water pond wash water pond at MATES, near concrete spillway

17 3/28/03 soil, grab, Cr(VI) 101-0328-1235 MATES wash water pond Cr (VI) only

17sw 3/13/03 water, sw, STL 101-0313-1220 MATES wash water pond wash water pond at MATES, east side, peristaltic pump

17sw 3/13/03 water, sw-dis, STL 101-0313-1220 MATES wash water pond wash water pond at MATES, east side, peristaltic pump, dissolved metals

18 12/18/02 soil, grab, background 114-1218-1510 near Christmas Mountain west of Christmas Mountain

19 1/30/03 soil, grab 101-0130-0950 ASP east eastern ASP area, between fence and access road

20 1/30/03 soil, grab 101-0130-0844 ASP loading Ammunition Supply Point, area between two boxes of shell casings

20 1/30/03 soil, grab, duplicate 101-0130-0845 ASP loading, duplicate duplicate sample--explosives only

20 4/2/03 soil, grab, Cr(VI) 101-0130-0844 ASP loading Cr (VI) only-- from 1/30/03 soil sample

21gw 2/13/03 water, gw, STL 101-0213-1046 ASP well ASP well-- total and dissolved

21gw 2/13/03 water, gw, USGS 02S 03E 02ABCD1 ASP well ASP well-- onsite measurements only

22 8/29/02 soil, grid 101-0829-0701 Range 5 parking Range 5 parking area

23 8/29/02 soil, grid 101-0829-0719 Range 5 firing Range 5 firing

24 8/29/02 soil, grid 101-0829-0743 Range 5 target Range 5 target berm

25 1/30/03 soil, grab 114-0130-1030 MPRC-H BPB1 Battle Position B1

26 8/29/02 soil, grid 114-0829-0848 MPRC-H BPB2L tank range--Battle Position B2L, near firing pad

26.1 4/14/03 soil, grab, explosives 114-0414-1105 MPRC-H BPB2 ditch explosive only

26.2 4/14/03 soil, grab, explosives 114-0414-1120 MPRC-H BPB2 mud explosive only

26.3 4/14/03 soil, grab, explosives 114-0414-1124 MPRC-H BPB2 mud-3 explosive only

26.4 4/14/03 soil, grab, explosives 114-0414-1150 MPRC-H BPB2 mud-edge explosive only

26.5 4/14/03 soil, grab, explosives 114-0414-1130 MPRC-H BPB2 swale explosive only

27sw 3/27/03 water, sw, STL 114-0327-1230 Range Road at MPRC-H storm water puddle near Christmas Mountain

28sw 3/27/03 water, sw, STL 101-0327-1320 Range 6 storm water puddle near Range 6

29 8/29/02 soil, grid 114-0829-0815 Range 2 weather adjacent to Range 2 weather

29 4/2/03 soil, grid, Cr(VI) 114-0829-0815 Range 2 weather Cr (VI) only-- from 8/29/02 soil sample

29.1 4/9/03 soil, grab, metals 114-0410-1310 Range 2a Range 2--metals only

Table 1. Description of soil, water, precipitation, airborne dust, and quality control samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho — 

Continued
Table 1 29

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

and 

figure 3) Sample date Sample type Sample identification Comments

29.2 4/9/03 soil, grab, metals 114-0410-1312 Range 2b Range 2--metals only

29.3 4/9/03 soil, grab, metals 114-0410-1315 Range 2c Range 2--metals only

29.4 4/9/03 soil, grab, metals 114-0410-1320 Range 2d Range 2--metals only

29.5 4/9/03 soil, grab, metals 114-0410-1320 Range 2e Range 2--metals only

29.6 4/9/03 soil, grab, metals 114-0410-1324 Range 2f Range 2--metals only

29.7 4/9/03 soil, grab, metals 114-0410-1330 Range 2g Range 2--metals only

29.8 4/9/03 soil, grab, metals 114-0410-1340 Range 2h Range 2--metals only

30p 10/29/02 water, precip, USGS 114-0410-1300 Range 2 weather Range 2 weather 

30p 12/18/02 water, precip, USGS 114-0410-1300 Range 2 weather Range 2 weather (bird droppings)

30p 1/30/03 water, precip, USGS 114-0410-1300 Range 2 weather Range 2 weather (odor to water, insect parts)

30p 4/10/03

water, precip, STL, 

explosives 114-0410-1300 Range 2 weather Range 2 weather- explosives only

31 1/30/03 soil, grab 114-0130-0955 MPRC-H BP3 tank range--Battle Position 3

32 1/30/03 soil, grab 114-0130-1010 MPRC-H C2CR tank range--Center Road C2

33 8/29/02 soil, grid 114-0829-0911 MPRC-H BPA8 tank range--Battle Position A8

34 8/29/02 soil, grid 114-0929-0944 MPRC-H BPC13 tank range- Battle Position C13

35 8/28/02 soil, grid 103-0828-1432 playa west of Range 10/11 section 23/24 playa

36 8/26/02 soil, grid 101-0826-1040 Cinder Butte Road south of Cinder Butte Road near OTA boundary

37 8/29/02 soil, grid 103-0829-1018 Range 30 Range 30 near the Artillery Impact Area

38 8/28/02 soil, grid 103-0828-1355 Range 14 weather adjacent to Range 14 weather

39p 12/18/02 water, precip, USGS 103-0410-1510 Range 14 weather Range 14 weather, ants in funnel

39p 1/20/03 water, precip, USGS 103-0410-1510 Range 14 weather Range 14 weather 

39p 4/10/03

water, precip, STL, 

explosives 103-0410-1510 Range 14 weather Range 14 weather- explosives only

40 1/30/03 soil, grab, background 103-0130-1150 cinder pit wall undisturbed wall in cinder pit

40 4/2/03 soil, grab, Cr(VI) 103-0130-1150 cinder pit wall Cr (VI) only-- from 1/30/03 soil sample

41 8/23/02 soil, grid

103-0823-1432 cinder pit near Cinder Cone 

Butte cinder pit--grid

42 8/28/02 soil, grid 103-0828/1306 Range 14 target Range 14 target areas

43 8/28/02 soil, grid 103-0828-1231 Range 14 firing Range 14 firing

44 8/28/02 soil, grid 103-0828-1331 Range 14 parking Range 14 parking lot

Table 1. Description of soil, water, precipitation, airborne dust, and quality control samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho — 

Continued
30 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

and 

figure 3) Sample date Sample type Sample identification Comments

45 1/30/03 soil, grab 103-0130-1108 draw N of Tadpole Lake N of Tadpole Lake, adjacent to Range Road

46 8/23/02 soil, grid 103-0823-1350 Corder Creek near Range 15 Corder Creek bed near cinder pit

47 8/20/02 soil, background 103-0820-1309 badger diggings, dry draw badger diggings near stream channel

48 8/20/02 soil, grid 103-0820-1307 dry draw NW of Tadpole Lake stream channel near badger digging

49 4/9/03 soil, grab 103-0409-1128 playa N of Tadpole Lake north of Tadpole Lake

50 12/18/02 soil, grab 103-1218-1426 Tadpole Lake pallet Tadpole Lake, near wooden pallet

50 12/18/02 soil, grab, duplicate 103-1218-1427 Tadpole Lake pallet, duplicate duplicate sample

51 12/18/02 soil, grab 103-1218-1330 Tadpole Lake SE Tadpole Lake, outside fenced area, SE side

52 8/20/02 soil, grid 103-0820-1355 Tadpole Lake Tadpole Lake, dry bed

53 12/18/02 soil, grab 103-1218-1422 Tadpole Lake rocks Tadpole Lake, end of line of rocks

53 4/2/03 soil, grab, Cr(VI) 103-1218-1422 Tadpole Lake rocks Cr (VI) only-- from 12/18/02 soil sample

54 12/18/02 soil, grab 103-1218-1400 Tadpole Lake W Tadpole Lake, outside fence, west side

55 12/18/02 soil, grab 103-1218-1340 Tadpole Lake S Tadpole Lake, inside fence, south side

55 4/2/03 soil, Cr(VI) 103-1218-1340 Tadpole Lake S Cr (VI) only-- from 12/18/02 soil sample

56sw 3/11/03 water, sw, STL 103-0311-1205 Tadpole Lake south side of lake, peristaltic pump

56sw 3/11/03 water, sw-dis, STL 103-0311-1205 Tadpole Lake peristaltic pump-dissolved metals

56sw 3/11/03

water, sw-dis, replicate 

STL 103-0311-1206 Tadpole Lake, replicate peristaltic pump - replicate dissolved metals

57 12/18/02 soil, grab 103-1218-1410 Tadpole Lake W2 Tadpole Lake, inside fence, west side

57 4/2/03 soil, grab, Cr(VI) 103-1218-1410 Tadpole Lake W2 Cr (VI) only-- from 12/18/02 soil sample

58 8/29/02 soil, grid

103-0829-1130 Rabbit Creek near Artillery 

Impact Area Rabbit Creek near Artillery Impact Area

58 8/29/02 soil, grid, duplicate

103-0829-1135 Rabbit Creek near Artillery 

Impact Area, duplicate duplicate sample

59 8/29/02 soil, grid

103-0829-1207 dry draw SE of Artillery 

Impact Area draw near Little Joe Butte

60 4/9/03 soil, grab 103-0409-1154 Hood Road draw Hood Road south of Tadpole Lake

61 8/26/02 soil, grid 101-0826-1013 Range Road near Range 20 Range Road SE, by Little Joe Butte

62p 8/1/02 water, precip, USGS 103-0409-1345 Range 26 weather Range 26 weather 

62p 10/29/02 water, precip, USGS 103-0409-1345 Range 26 weather Range 26 weather 

62p 12/18/02 water, precip, USGS 103-0409-1345 Range 26 weather Range 26 weather 

Table 1. Description of soil, water, precipitation, airborne dust, and quality control samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho — 

Continued
Table 1 31

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

and 

figure 3) Sample date Sample type Sample identification Comments

62p 4/9/03

water, precip, 

STL,explosives 103-0409-1345 Range 26 weather Range 26 weather--explosives only

63 8/20/02 soil, grid 103-0820-1148 Range 26 weather adjacent to Range 26 weather

64 8/23/02 soil, grid 103-0823-1112 Rabbit Creek near Range 26 Rabbit Creek bed near Range Road

65 8/23/02 soil, grid 103-0823-1209 Corder Creek near Range 22 Corder Creek channel near Range Road

30d 12/18/02 airborne dust, CVO 114-1218-1000 Range 2 weather sand break and total sediment weight

39d 12/18/02 airborne dust, CVO 103-1218-1030 Range 14 weather sand break and total sediment weight

62d 12/18/02 airborne dust, CVO 103-1218-1130 Range 26 weather sand break and total sediment weight

12/18/02

water, special nutrients, 

USGS bird droppings solution

nutrients only--bird droppings from Range 26 precipitation collector added 

to deionized water

12/18/02

water, QC, 

equipment,USGS equipment blank, precipitation (Range 14) equipment blank, deionized water thru filter unit in Boise USGS Lab

3/13/03

water, QC, VOC-free, 

STL

equipment blank, 101-0313-1300 VOC-free 

water

equipment blank, VOC-free water thru cleaned peristaltic pump tubing in 

Boise USGS Lab

3/13/03

water, QC, equipment, 

STL

equipment blank, 101-0313-1330 deionized 

water

equipment blank, deionized water through cleaned peristaltic pump tubing 

in Boise USGS lab

Table 1. Description of soil, water, precipitation, airborne dust, and quality control samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho — 

Continued
[This page intentionally left blank]
Table 2 33

Table 2. Selected statistical analyses of soil from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

[Abbreviations are explained in table A, appendix; sample number information is shown in table 1; the most commonly occurring sample numbers are shown in red; **, concentrations in a few laboratory blank 

s amples were equal to or greater than the laboratory minimum reporting limit; <, less than the laboratory method detection limit]

Constituent

(total concentration) 

Number

of

samples Minimum Mean

Median (50th 

percentile)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile Maximum

Sample numbers, 

five smallest 

concentrations (in 

order of increasing 

concentrations)

Sample numbers, upper 

10th percentile of

concentrations (in order 

of increasing

concentrations)

aluminum μg/kg 48 2,900,000 18,967,000 19,000,000 22,250,000 27,000,000 40,000,000 5, 40, 3, 15, 16 7, 19, 13, 52, 31, 49

** antimony μg/kg 48 < 2.9 133 20 29 42 5,100 1, 5, 40, 41, 3 13, 15, 23, 16, 43, 9, 11

arsenic μg/kg 48 410 3,143 3,150 3,800 4,230 5,800 5, 40, 41, 22, 44 49, 31, 34, 12, 33, 52

barium μg/kg 48 24,000 185,833 20,000 230,000 260,000 290,000 5, 40, 3, 16, 1 45, 49, 32, 6, 52, 31

beryllium, μg/kg 48 82 746 760 870 980 1,600 5, 40, 1, 3, 15 19, 24, 13, 31, 49, 52

cadmium μg/kg 48 60 876 515 610 816 14,000 5, 3, 40, 2, 1 32, 23, 16, 15, 9, 11

chromium μg/kg 48 1,200 18,844 18,000 21,250 26,200 97,000 40, 5, 41, 44, 22 9, 11, 13, 31, 49, 52, 29

cobalt μg/kg 48 1,200 8,619 9,000 11,000 12,000 15,000 5, 3, 1, 16, 15 6, 14, 24, 49, 52, 32, 45

copper μg/kg 48 2,000 17,719 16,000 22,000 25,300 57,000 5, 3, 1, 15, 2 31, 41, 19, 49, 52, 11, 23

iron μg/kg 48 2,600,000 19,195,833 19,000,000 22,000,000 26,200,000 39,000,000 5, 3, 15, 16, 1 22, 24, 13, 52, 31, 49, 41

lead μg/kg 48 2,800 12,046 12,000 14,000 16,000 24,000 41, 22, 5, 44, 3 6, 32, 11, 23, 33, 42

manganese μg/kg 48 110,000 708,333 725,000 890,000 1,100,000 1,300,000 5, 3, 1, 16, 2 14, 23, 37, 38, 45, 32

mercury μg/kg 48 < 2.5 10 10 12 19 25 3, 5, 15, 16, 22 64, 6, 46, 25, 32, 19

molybdenum μg/kg 48 57 433 410 490 575 1,200 5, 31, 15, 33, 3 23, 25, 43, 22, 41,11

nickel μg/kg 48 1,600 14,731 15,000 18,000 19,600 30,000 5, 3, 1, 22, 16 9, 60, 13, 24, 31, 49, 52

selenium μg/kg 48 62 487 495 558 653 1,000 5, 3, 1, 15, 16 47, 48, 40, 63, 49, 41, 52

silver μg/kg 48 34 263 260 313 355 550 5, 3, 1, 16, 40 32, 36, 22, 43, 31,49, 52

strontium μg/kg 48 6,900 45,602 43,500 50,000 70,000 110,000 5, 3, 15, 16, 11 33, 34, 49, 41, 31, 52

thallium μg/kg 48 4.6 191 205 240 283 380 40, 5, 41, 3, 22 7, 31, 58, 13, 49, 52

** tin μg/kg 48 79 364 350 495 571 720 5, 40, 41, 12, 1 23, 44, 43, 61, 36, 22, 11

titanium μg/kg 48 130,000 987,917 965,000 1,100,000 1,300,000 3,600,000 5, 3, 16, 15, 1 31, 49, 13, 44, 22, 41

vanadium μg/kg 48 3,500 30,885 31,500 36,000 40,800 53,000 5, 3, 15, 22, 1 6, 7, 31, 13, 49, 41, 52

zinc μg/kg 48 8,600 66,367 63,000 71,000 88,000 240,000 5, 3, 1, 40, 2 13, 49, 52, 9, 20, 11

** chloride mg/kg 48 10 73 17 25 47 1,500 5, 9, 59, 7, 40 12, 23, 22, 1, 2, 52

** fluoride mg/kg 48 1.3 3.2 2.9 3.7 4.8 6.9 40, 5, 45, 18, 25 33, 11, 42, 7, 12, 13

potassium mg/kg 48 360 3,749 3,800 4,650 5,360 11,000 40, 5, 3, 16, 15 19, 65, 63, 13, 60, 49, 52

sodium mg/kg 48 110 604 450 600 976 4,300 6, 5, 11, 16, 18 44, 40, 49, 22, 52, 41
34 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

Constituent

(total concentration) 

Number

of

samples Minimum Mean

Median (50th 

percentile)

75th

percentile

90th

percentile Maximum

Sample numbers, 

five smallest 

concentrations (in 

order of increasing 

concentrations)

Sample numbers, upper 

10th percentile of

concentrations (in order 

of increasing

concentrations)

** sulfate mg/kg 48 11 82 24 53 203 940 40, 25, 32, 45, 18 43, 22, 2, 41, 63, 52

** ammonia as N mg/kg 48 < 0.45 2.6 2.1 3.1 4.0 25 45, 32, 31, 11, 7 2, 58, 35, 37, 1, 38, 60

nitrite + nitrate as N mg/kg 48 0.47 13 8 13 23 120 40, 11, 5, 32, 36 49, 22, 2, 48, 60, 52

orthophosphate as P mg/kg 48 < 0.14 4.2 2.5 5.6 9.6 16 40, 11, 31, 16, 63 42, 23, 38, 59, 60, 37

total phosphorus mg/kg 48 < 1.6 761 730 1,000 1,330 3,500 11, 13, 52, 48, 49 18, 41, 22, 44, 6, 19, 40

Table 2. Selected statistical analyses of soil from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho — Continued
Table 3 35

Table 3. Summary of statistical analyses of total metals, major ions, and nutrients in soil samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

[Terms, abbreviations, and acronyms are explained in table A, appendix. Sample number information is shown in table 1]

Constituent 

(total concentration)

Sample numbers, upper 10th 

percentile of concentrations 

(in order of increasing

concentrations, table 2)

Impacts 

from land 

and water 

uses? Comments

Metals

aluminum 7, 19, 13, 52, 31, 49 yes Anomalous concentrations are from sites at and near Tadpole Lake, MPRC-H, MATES, and ASP areas.

antimony 13, 15, 23, 16, 43, 9, 11 yes

Anomalous concentration (MATES drain at tank parking gate, 5,100 μg/kg) is 28 times larger than the next 

largest concentration. Other large concentrations are from areas at MATES and firing ranges 14 and 5.

arsenic 49, 31, 34, 12, 33, 52 possibly

Anomalous concentration is from Tadpole Lake (5,800 μg/kg). Other large concentrations are from MPRCH and MATES areas.

barium 45, 49, 32, 6, 52, 31 possibly No anomalous concentrations but largest concentrations are from MPRC-H and Tadpole Lake areas.

beryllium 19, 24, 13, 31, 49, 52 yes Largest concentrations at and near Tadpole Lake, MPRC-H, and MATES areas.

cadmium 32, 23, 16, 15, 9, 11 yes

Anomalous concentration (MATES drain at tank parking gate, 14,000 μg/kg) is more than 4 times larger 

than the next largest concentration. Other large concentrations are from sites at and near Tadole Lake, 

MPRC-H, MATES, and Range 5 areas.

chromium 9, 11, 13, 31, 49, 52, 29 yes

Anomalous concentration (Range 2 weather, 97,000 μg/kg) is more than 3 times larger than next largest concentration. Other large concentrations are from sites at and near Tadpole Lake, MPRC-H, and 

MATES drain sites.

cobalt 6, 14, 24, 49, 52, 32, 45 possibly No anomalous concentrations; largest concentrations are from sites at and near Tadpole Lake. 

copper 31, 41, 19, 49, 52, 11, 23 yes

Anomalous concentration (Range 5 firing pad, 57,000 μg/kg) is more than 1.5 times larger than the next 

largest concentration. Other large concentrations are from MATES drain and sites at and near Tadpole 

Lake.

iron 22, 24, 13, 52, 31, 49, 41 possibly

Largest concentration is from cinder pit site (39,000,000 μg/kg), but cinder pit wall concentrations are 

relatively low (12,000 μg/kg). Other large concentrations are from sites at and near Tadpole Lake and 

various activity areas at OTA. 

lead 6, 32, 11, 23, 33, 42 yes

Anomalous concentrations are from Range 14 target, MPRC-H, Range 5 firing pad, and MATES drain 

sites.

manganese 14, 23, 37, 38, 45, 32 possibly

No anomalous concentrations but largest concentrations are from MPRC-H, Tadpole Lake, and Ranges 14, 

30, and 5 (firing pad).

mercury 64, 6, 46, 25, 32, 19 possibly No anomalous concentrations but largest concentrations are from ASP and MPRC-H sites.

molybdenum 23, 25, 43, 22, 41,11 yes

Anomalous concentration (MATES drain at tank parking gate, 1,200 μg/kg) is 1.5 times larger than the 

next largest concentration. Other large concentrations are from cinder pit, Range 14 and 5 firing pads, 

and MPRC-H sites.
36 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

Constituent 

(total concentration)

Sample numbers, upper 10th 

percentile of concentrations 

(in order of increasing

concentrations, table 2)

Impacts 

from land 

and water 

uses? Comments

Metals — Continued

nickel 9, 60, 13, 24, 31, 49, 52 possibly

Largest concentrations are from sites at and near Tadpole Lake, MPRC-H, Range 5 target, and MATES 

drain.

selenium 47, 48, 40, 63, 49, 41, 52 possibly

Anomalous concentration is from Tadpole Lake (1,000 μg/kg). Other large and many median to 75th-percentile concentrations are from firing ranges, MATES, and MPRC-H sites.

silver 32, 36, 22, 43, 31, 49, 52 possibly

No anomalous concentrations. Largest concentrations are from sites at and near Tadpole Lake, MPRC-H, 

and Range 14 firing.

strontium 33, 34, 49, 41, 31, 52 yes Largest concentrations are from sites at and near Tadpole Lake, MPRC-H, and the cinder pit.

thallium 7, 31, 58, 13, 49, 52 possibly

Largest concentrations are from sites at and near Tadpole Lake, MATES drain, and Rabbit Creek near 

Artillery Impact Area.

tin 23, 44, 43, 61, 36, 22, 11 yes

Largest concentrations are from MATES drain at tank parking gate, parking and perimeter roads, and firing 

pad areas.

titanium 31, 49, 13, 44, 22, 41 yes

Anomalous concentration (cinder pit, 3,600,000 μg/kg) is 2 times larger than the next largest concentration. Other large concentrations are from parking areas, MATES drain, MPRC-H, and sites at and near 

Tadpole Lake.

vanadium 6, 7, 31, 13, 49, 41, 52 yes Largest concentrations are from sites at and near Tadpole Lake, cinder pit, MATES drains, and MPRC-H.

zinc 13, 49, 52, 9, 20, 11 yes

Anomalous concentration (MATES drain at tank parking gate, 240,000 μg/kg) is 1.5 times larger than an 

ASP site which is 1.7 times larger than the next largest concentration. Other large concentrations are 

from sites at MATES drains and at and near Tadpole Lake.

Major ions

chloride 12, 23, 22, 1, 2, 52 yes

Anomalous Tadpole Lake concentration (1,500 μg/kg) is 2 times larger than the next largest concentration. 

Other large concentrations are from vehicle corridor sites and Range 5 firing and parking areas.

fluoride 33, 11, 42, 7, 12, 13 yes Largest concentrations are from MATES and Range 14 target areas.

potassium 19, 65, 63, 13, 60, 49, 52 possibly

Anomalous concentrations are from Tadpole Lake and the playa near Tadpole Lake. Other large concentrations are from Hood Road and a MATES drain.

sodium 44, 40, 49, 22, 52, 41 possibly

Anomalous concentration (cinder pit, 4,300 mg/kg) is nearly 1.5 times larger than the next largest concentration. Other large concentrations are from sites at and near Tadpole Lake, Range 5 parking, and the 

cinder pit wall.

sulfate 43, 22, 2, 41, 63, 52 possibly

Largest concentrations are from Tadpole Lake, Range 26 weather, cinder pit, N. Kuna Road, and Range 5 

parking.

Table 3. Summary of statistical analyses of total metals, major ions, and nutrients in soil samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho — 

Continued
Table 3 37

Constituent 

(total concentration)

Sample numbers, upper 10th 

percentile of concentrations 

(in order of increasing

concentrations, table 2)

Impacts 

from land 

and water 

uses? Comments

Nutrients

ammonia as N 2, 58, 35, 37, 1, 38, 60 yes

Anomalous concentration (Hood Road draw, 25 mg/kg) is 5 times greater than the next largest concentration.

nitrite + nitrate as N 49, 22, 2, 48, 60, 52 yes Tadpole Lake concentration (120 mg/kg) is nearly 3 times larger than the next largest concentration.

nitrite as N 38, 59, 24, 58, 37, 60 yes

Concentration from Hood Road draw (20 mg/kg) is 10 times larger than the next largest concentration. 

Other large concentrations are from Range 30, Rabbit Creek near the Artillery Impact Area, and Range 5 

target areas.

orthophosphate as P 42, 23, 38, 59, 60, 37 possibly

Largest concentrations are from Range 30, Hood Road, SE of the Artillery Impact Area, and Ranges 14 

and 5 areas.

total phosphorus 18, 41, 22, 44, 6, 19, 40 possibly

Anomalous concentration (cinder pit wall, 3,500 mg/kg) is more than 1.5 times larger than next largest 

concentration. Other large concentrations are from a variety of land use areas. May be naturally occurring in cinders.

Table 3. Summary of statistical analyses of total metals, major ions, and nutrients in soil samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho — 

Continued
38 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

[This page intentionally left blank]
Table 4 39

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

and 

figure 3) Sample identification Sample date Compound name Result Units

Result 

qualifiers

Lab

reporting 

limit 

Lab 

method 

detection 

limit

Laboratory 

test method

SOIL

1 114-0822-1451 Can-Ada Concrete 8/22/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 3.5 mg/kg J 4 2.5 8015B

1 114-0822-1451 Can-Ada Concrete 8/22/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 280 mg/kg B 500 160 9071B

1 114-0822-1451 Can-Ada Concrete 8/22/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 9.2 mg/kg 4 2.5 8015B

2 114-0822-1434 N. Kuna Road intersection 8/22/02 bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate 200 μg/kg J 330 70 8270C

2 114-0822-1434 N. Kuna Road intersection 8/22/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 40 mg/kg 4 2.5 8015B

2 114-0822-1434 N. Kuna Road intersection 8/22/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 210 mg/kg B 510 160 9071B

2 114-0822-1434 N. Kuna Road intersection 8/22/02 Phenanthrene 54 μg/kg J 330 37 8270C

2 114-0822-1434 N. Kuna Road intersection 8/22/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 58 mg/kg 4 2.5 8015B

3 114-0822-1412 railroad tracks 8/22/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 7.1 mg/kg 4 2.5 8015B

5

114-0822-1354 Sand Creek at OTA 

boundary 8/22/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 4.3 mg/kg 4 2.5 8015B

6 114-1218-1530 NW of Christmas Mountain 12/18/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 5.2 mg/kg 4.5 2.8 8015B

7

101-0912-1300 MATES entrance storm 

water basin 9/12/02 bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate 170 μg/kg J 340 72 8270C

9 101-0912-1005 MATES NE drain 9/12/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 58 mg/kg 4.1 2.6 8015B

11

101-0328-1220 MATES drain at tank parking gate 3/28/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 7500 mg/kg 140 85 8015B

11

101-0328-1220 MATES drain at tank 

parking gate 3/28/03 Fluorene 300 μg/kg J 450 74 8270C

11

101-0328-1220 MATES drain at tank 

parking gate 3/28/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 5800 mg/kg 680 220 9071B

11

101-0328-1220 MATES drain at tank 

parking gate 3/28/03 Pentachlorophenol 220 μg/kg J 2200 87 8270C

11

101-0328-1220 MATES drain at tank 

parking gate 3/28/03 Pyrene 160 μg/kg J 450 76 8270C

11

101-0328-1220 MATES drain at tank 

parking gate 3/28/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 4500 mg/kg 680 330

9071B-MOD

HEM-SGT

Table 4. Analyses of explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbons detected in soil and water samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training

Area, Ada County, Idaho

[Result qualifiers — J, estimated result, result in less than the reporting limit; B, method blank contamination, the associated method blank contains the largest analyte at a reportable level; V, general chemistry

elevated reporting limit due to limited sample volume. Other terms, abbreviations, and acronyms are explained in table A, table D, table E, and table F, appendix]
40 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

and 

figure 3) Sample identification Sample date Compound name Result Units

Result 

qualifiers

Lab

reporting 

limit 

Lab 

method 

detection 

limit

Laboratory 

test method

SOIL — Continued

12 101-0912-1050 MATES fueling area runoff 9/12/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 15 mg/kg 4.1 2.5 8015B

12 101-0912-1050 MATES fueling area runoff 9/12/02 RDX 0.1 mg/kg J 0.25 0.1 8330

13 101-0328-1310 MATES east drain 3/28/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 17 mg/kg 5.5 3.5 8015B

15

101-0912-1220 MATES wash water 

spreading area 9/12/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 31 mg/kg 4 2.5 8015B

16 101-0912-1235 MATES wash water pond 9/12/02 bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate 290 μg/kg J 330 71 8270C

16 101-0912-1235 MATES wash water pond 9/12/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 99 mg/kg 4 2.5 8015B

18 114-1218-1510 near Christmas Mountain 12/18/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 5.6 mg/kg 4.3 2.7 8015B

20 101-0130-0844 ASP loading 1/30/03 Benzo(a)anthracene 140 μg/kg J 410 48 8270C

20 101-0130-0844 ASP loading 1/30/03 Benzo(a)pyrene 100 μg/kg J 410 63 8270C

20 101-0130-0844 ASP loading 1/30/03 Benzo(b)fluoranthene 150 μg/kg J 410 78 8270C

20 101-0130-0844 ASP loading 1/30/03 Benzo(ghi)perylene 63 μg/kg J 410 51 8270C

20 101-0130-0844 ASP loading 1/30/03 Benzo(k)fluoranthene 92 μg/kg J 410 84 8270C

20 101-0130-0844 ASP loading 1/30/03 bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate 150 μg/kg J 410 87 8270C

20 101-0130-0844 ASP loading 1/30/03 Chrysene 150 μg/kg J 410 42 8270C

20 101-0130-0844 ASP loading 1/30/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 7 mg/kg 4.9 3.1 8015B

20 101-0130-0844 ASP loading 1/30/03 Fluoranthene 75 μg/kg J 410 48 8270C

22 101-0829-0701 Range 5 parking 8/29/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 4.3 mg/kg 4 2.5 8015B

23 101-0829-0719 Range 5 firing 8/29/02 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 0.49 mg/kg 0.25 0.042 8330

23 101-0829-0719 Range 5 firing 8/29/02 Di-n-butyl phthalate 290 μg/kg J 340 78 8270C

25 114-0130-1030 MPRC-H BPB1 1/30/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 8.4 mg/kg 5.5 3.4 8015B

25 114-0130-1030 MPRC-H BPB1 1/30/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 250 mg/kg B J 680 220 9071B

26 114-0829-0848 MPRC-H BPB2L 8/29/02 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 0.22 mg/kg J 0.25 0.042 8330

26 114-0829-0848 MPRC-H BPB2L 8/29/02 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 0.91 mg/kg 340 98 8270C

26 114-0829-0848 MPRC-H BPB2L 8/29/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 300 mg/kg 4.1 2.6 8015B

26 114-0829-0848 MPRC-H BPB2L 8/29/02 Di-n-butyl phthalate 470 μg/kg 340 78 8270C

26 114-0829-0848 MPRC-H BPB2L 8/29/02 Diphenylamine 320 μg/kg J 340 53 8270C

26 114-0829-0848 MPRC-H BPB2L 8/29/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 1700 mg/kg 510 160 9071B

 — Continued

Table 4. Analyses of explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbons detected in soil and water samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training

Area, Ada County, Idaho
Table 4 41

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

and 

figure 3) Sample identification Sample date Compound name Result Units

Result 

qualifiers

Lab

reporting 

limit 

Lab 

method 

detection 

limit

Laboratory 

test method

SOIL — Continued

26 114-0829-0848 MPRC-H BPB2L 8/29/02 Nitroglycerin 2.9 mg/kg J 5 0.69 8330

26 114-0829-0848 MPRC-H BPB2L 8/29/02 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 410 μg/kg 340 74 8270C

26 114-0829-0848 MPRC-H BPB2L 8/29/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 1000 mg/kg 510 120 9071B

26.1 114-0414-1105 MPRC-H BPB2 ditch 4/14/03 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 0.048 mg/kg J 0.25 0.04 8330

26.4 114-0414-1150 MPRC-H BPB2 mud-edge 4/14/03 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 7.8 mg/kg 0.25 0.04 8330

26.4 114-0414-1150 MPRC-H BPB2 mud-edge 4/14/03 2,6-Dinitrotoluene 0.22 mg/kg J 0.25 0.05 8330

26.4 114-0414-1150 MPRC-H BPB2 mud-edge 4/14/03 Nitroglycerin 8.3 mg/kg 5 0.57 8330

29 114-0829-0815 Range 2 weather 8/29/02 bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate 100 μg/kg J 340 71 8270C

32 114-0130-1010 MPRC-H C2CR 1/30/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 3.9 mg/kg J 5.4 3.4 8015B

37 103-0829-1018 Range 30 8/29/02 Dibutyl phthalate 220 μg/kg J 8270C

41

103-0823-1432 cinder pit near Cinder Cone 

Butte 8/23/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 21 mg/kg 4 2.5 8015B

41

103-0823-1432 cinder pit near Cinder Cone 

Butte 8/23/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 190 mg/kg B 500 160 9071B

41

103-0823-1432 cinder pit near Cinder Cone 

Butte 8/23/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 38 mg/kg 4 2.5 8015B

43 103-0828-1231 Range 14 firing 8/28/02 Diphenylamine 200 μg/kg J 330 53 8270C

43 103-0828-1231 Range 14 firing 8/28/02 Nitroglycerin 15 mg/kg 5.1 0.7 8330

43 103-0828-1231 Range 14 firing 8/28/02 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 250 μg/kg J 330 73 8270C

46 103-0823-1350 Corder Creek near Range 15 8/23/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 2.8 mg/kg J 4.1 2.5 8015B

60 103-0409-1154 Hood Road draw 4/9/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 550 mg/kg B 590 190 9071B

64 103-0823-1112 Rabbit Creek near Range 26 8/23/02 petroleum hydrocarbons 3.9 mg/kg J 4.1 2.6 8015B

WATER

10sw 101-0328-1150 MATES NE drain 3/28/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 0.36 mg/L 0.25 0.043 8015B

10sw 101-0328-1150 MATES NE drain 3/28/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 2.8 mg/L B 5 1 1664A HEM

17sw 101-0313-1220 MATES wash water pond 3/13/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 0.1 mg/L J 0.25 0.043 8015B

17sw 101-0313-1220 MATES wash water pond 3/13/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 3.6 mg/L B 5 1 1664A HEM

27sw 114-0327-1230 Range Road at MPRC-H 3/27/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 8.2 mg/L B V 13 2.6 1664A HEM

30p 114-0410-1300 Range 2 weather 4/10/03 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene 4.4 μg/L 0.2 0.03 8330

 — Continued

Table 4. Analyses of explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbons detected in soil and water samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training

Area, Ada County, Idaho
42 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

and 

figure 3) Sample identification Sample date Compound name Result Units

Result 

qualifiers

Lab

reporting 

limit 

Lab 

method 

detection 

limit

Laboratory 

test method

WATER — Continued

30p 114-0410-1300 Range 2 weather 4/10/03 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene 0.54 μg/L 0.2 0.05 8330

30p 114-0410-1300 Range 2 weather 4/10/03 2,6-Dinitrotoluene 0.16 μg/L J 0.2 0.03 8330

56sw 103-0311-1205 Tadpole Lake 3/11/03 petroleum hydrocarbons 0.077 mg/L J 0.25 0.043 8015B

56sw 103-0311-1205 Tadpole Lake 3/11/03 Hexadecanoic acid 7.2 μg/L J 8270C

62p 103-0409-1345 Range 26 weather 4/9/03 3-Nitrotoluene 4.8 μg/L 0.2 0.09 8330

62p 103-0409-1345 Range 26 weather 4/9/03 Nitroglycerin 0.78 μg/L J 2 0.3 8330

8gw 101-0912-1135 MATES well 9/12/02 RDX 0.14 μg/L J 0.2 0.08 8330

 — Continued

Table 4. Analyses of explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbons detected in soil and water samples from sites in and near the Orchard Training

Area, Ada County, Idaho
Table 5 43

Table 5. Selected statistical analyses of water from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

[Abbreviations and acronyms are explained in table A, appendix; sample number information is shown in table 1; <, less than laboratory method detection limit; ND, not detected]

Constituent (total concentration)

Precipitation Ground water (STL) Surface water (STL) Surface water 

Maximum 

concentration 

(NWQL,

dissolved)

MATES

well ASP well

Number of

samples Minimum Mean

Median

(50th

percentile) Maximum

Sample numbers, 3 largest 

concentrations (in order of 

increasing concentration)

aluminum, μg/L ND ND 7 76 28,325 4,300 170,000 10sw, 28sw, 56sw

antimony, μg/L ND 1 7 0.28 1.6 0.85 5 56sw, 17sw, 10sw 

arsenic, μg/L 1.8 4.5 2.8 7 2 8.74 4.9 26 27sw, 17sw, 56sw 

barium, μg/L 15.7 17 5.8 7 23 107 46 410 10sw, 27sw, 56sw

beryllium, μg/L 0.048 ND 7 <0.22 1.25 0.4 6.8 27sw, 28sw, 56sw 

cadmium, μg/L 0.26 0.033 0.036 7 0.078 0.89 0.27 4.2 27sw, 56sw, 10sw 

chromium, μg/L 7 11 7 0.55 7.04 8.3 13 28sw, 27sw, 56sw 

cobalt, μg/L 0.064 0.057 7 0.32 3.32 2.3 13 10sw, 27sw, 56sw 

copper, μg/L 0.96 1.9 7 6.3 18 12 61 27sw, 17sw, 56sw 

iron, μg/L 15 18 460 7 110 24,661 3,700 150,000 10sw, 28sw, 56sw 

lead, μg/L 0.56 0.032 7 0.2 7.07 5.6 20 4sw, 10sw, 56sw 

manganese, μg/L 22.3 0.32 4.5 7 13 157 110 530 27sw, 10sw, 56sw 

mercury, μg/L ND 0.049 7 <0.015 0.03 0.03 0.1 4sw, 13sw, 56sw 

molybdenum, μg/L 1.6 2.1 7 0.41 10 4 50 13sw, 17sw, 56sw 

nickel, μg/L ND ND 7 1.4 7.49 5 23 28sw, 27sw, 56sw 

selenium, μg/L E 0.3 ND 0.56 7 <0.19 0.52 0.24 2 28sw, 27sw, 56sw 

silver, μg/L ND 0.11 7 <0.012 0.14 0.09 0.4 28sw, 27sw, 56sw 

strontium, μg/L 75 94 7 17 102 77 340 17sw, 27sw, 56sw 

thallium, μg/L 0.021 0.015 7 <0.012 0.07 0.07 0.15 28sw, 27sw, 56sw

tin, μg/L ND 0.79 7 <0.054 0.44 0.46 0.74 56sw, 10sw, 27sw 

titanium, μg/L 1.1 ND 7 3.1 829 83 5,000 10sw, 28sw, 56sw 

vanadium, μg/L 23 20 7 5.2 26 18 88 13sw, 27sw, 56sw 
44 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

zinc, μg/L 9.1 8.1 7 2.8 39 35 100 27sw, 56sw, 10sw 

Constituent (total concentration)

Precipitation Ground water (STL) Surface water (STL) Surface water 

Maximum 

concentration 

(NWQL,

dissolved)

MATES

well ASP well

Number of

samples Minimum Mean

Median

(50th

percentile) Maximum

Sample numbers, 3 largest 

concentrations (in order of 

increasing concentration)

chloride, mg/L 5.79 3.9 5.6 6 1 46 13 220 17sw, 27sw, 56sw 

fluoride mg/L 0.03 0.43 0.29 6 0.16 0.42 0.33 1.1 27sw, 56sw, 17sw 

potassium, mg/L 7.22 3 3 7 2.9 13 4.4 66 27sw, 17sw, 56sw 

sodium, mg/L 4.45 15 20 7 1.5 72 15 350 27sw, 17sw, 56sw 

sulfate, mg/L 13.8 7.3 12 5 1 54 5.7 240 17sw, 27sw, 56sw 

ammonia as N, mg/L 15.6 ND ND 6 0.038 0.13 0.14 0.19 28sw, 4sw, 27sw 

nitrite+nitrate as N, mg/L 2.35 0.71 1.1 6 0.012 0.5 0.11 2.5 4sw, 10sw, 27sw 

orthophosphate as P, mg/L 3.71 ND 0.019 5 0.033 0.48 0.19 1.7 4sw, 27sw, 56sw 

phosphorus, mg/L 0.4 ND 5 0.29 0.46 0.35 0.69 4sw, 56sw, 27sw 

Table 5. Selected statistical analyses of water from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho — Continued
Table 6 45

Table 6. Analyses of precipitation samples from weather sites in the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho

[NWQL analyses, dissolved concentrations; E = estimated value, trace = presence verified but not quantified; <, less than; ND, not detected; sample number 

information is shown in table 1; other terms and abbreviations are explained in table A, appendix]

Range 2 weather (30p) Range 14 weather (39p) Range 26 weather (62p)

Special 

sample 

Equipment 

blank

Property or constituent 10/29/02 12/18/02 01/30/03 12/18/02 01/20/03 08/01/02 10/29/02 12/18/02 12/18/02 12/18/02

specific conductance, 

μS/cm at 25°C (lab) E145 192 58 27 16 68 E76 38 ND E4

pH standard units (lab) 7.4 7.2 6.8 7.2 7.0 7.2 7.2 7.0 ND 6.9

arsenic, μg/L 1.8 0.7 E0.2 0.4 E0.1 0.7 0.7 0.3 ND <0.3

barium, μg/L 15.7 10.4 2.6 4.5 E0.6 7.8 10.4 2.9 ND <0.9

cadmium, μg/L 0.11 0.11 0.26 0.06 E0.02 E0.03 0.07 <0.04 ND <0.04

iron, μg/L 12 15 13 E6 <10 <10 E7 <10 ND <10

manganese, μg/L 9.4 3.5 7.7 12.7 E1.4 E0.9 22.3 E1.4 ND <2.0

selenium, μg/L E0.4 E0.3 <0.5 E0.3 <0.5 <0.3 E0.3 E0.3 ND <0.5

chloride, mg/L 5.79 3.43 0.84 0.34 <0.20 0.76 2.07 0.36 ND <0.20

fluoride mg/L 0.03 <0.17 0.01 <0.17 trace <0.1 <0.2 <0.17 ND <0.17

potassium, mg/L 7.22 4.84 1.44 0.52 <0.10 1.14 2.16 0.49 ND <0.10

sodium, mg/L 4.45 2.15 1.11 0.9 0.69 1.37 2.07 0.99 ND <0.09

sulfate, mg/L 13.8 7.6 2.5 1.1 0.7 2.3 4.4 1.6 ND <0.2

ammonia as N, mg/L 4.41 15.6 3.7 1.9 0.84 1.38 0.92 0.77 0.83 0.06

nitrite+nitrate as N, mg/L 0.72 0.49 0.37 0.035 0.033 1.69 2.35 0.55 <0.06 E0.04

orthophosphate as P, mg/L 3.71 3.32 1.11 0.25 <0.02 0.03 0.06 0.05 E0.01 0.09
46 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

[This page intentionally left blank]
Table 7 47

Table 7. Concentrations of dissolved and total constituents in surface water from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada 

County, Idaho

[Concentrations are in micrograms per liter for trace metals and milligrams per liter for potassium and sodium; ND, not detected]

Aluminum

DISSOLVED

Aluminum

TOTAL

Antimony

DISSOLVED

Antimony

TOTAL

Arsenic

DISSOLVED

Arsenic

TOTAL

Barium

DISSOLVED

Barium

TOTAL

Beryllium

DISSOLVED

Beryllium

TOTAL

95 76 1.1 0.28 2.3 2 14 23 ND 0.4

ND 1,200 2.8 0.55 12 3.2 22 25 ND 0.42

ND 1,300 5.1 0.6 25 3.4 410 25 ND 0.49

4,300 0.85 4.9 46 6.8

8,400 1.3 8.7 100 ND

13,000 2.6 13 120 ND

170,000 5 26 410 ND

Cadmium

DISSOLVED

Cadmium

TOTAL

Chromium

DISSOLVED

Chromium

TOTAL

Cobalt

DISSOLVED

Cobalt

TOTAL

Copper

DISSOLVED

Copper

TOTAL

Iron

DISSOLVED

Iron

TOTAL

0.22 0.078 0.45 0.55 0.17 0.32 4.1 6.3 20 110

0.95 0.16 0.91 1.6 0.27 0.55 13 6.4 ND 920

0.97 0.23 7.5 3.8 11 0.98 54 12 ND 1,100

0.27 8.3 2.3 12 3,700

0.27 11 2.3 13 6,800

1 11 3.8 15 10,000

4.2 13 13 61 150,000

Lead

DISSOLVED

Lead

TOTAL

Manganese

DISSOLVED

Manganese

TOTAL

Mercury

DISSOLVED

Mercury

TOTAL

Molybdnum

DISSOLVED

Molybdenum

TOTAL

Nickel

DISSOLVED

Nickel

TOTAL

18 0.2 7.4 13 0.018 0.024 2.2 0.41 0.69 1.4

ND 0.91 9.3 42 ND 0.026 7.9 0.93 1.1 1.7

ND 4.7 460 47 ND 0.029 49 2.3 18 3.3

5.6 110 0.033 4 5

7.1 170 0.1 4.7 8.2

11 190 ND 8.2 9.8

20 530 ND 50 23
48 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

Selenium

DISSOLVED

Selenium

TOTAL

Silver

DISSOLVED

Silver

TOTAL

Strontium

DISSOLVED

Strontium

TOTAL

Thallium

DISSOLVED

Thallium

TOTAL

Tin

DISSOLVED

Tin

TOTAL

2 0.35 0.27 0.069 52 17 0.086 0.032 0.072 0.33

ND 0.55 ND 0.089 87 30 ND 0.074 0.25 0.46

ND 2 ND 0.15 120 51 ND 0.11 0.48 0.55

ND 0.17 77 0.11 0.68

ND 0.4 96 0.15 0.74

ND ND 100 ND ND

ND ND 340 ND ND

Titanium

DISSOLVED

Titanium

TOTAL

Vanadium

DISSOLVED

Vanadium

TOTAL

Zinc

DISSOLVED

Zinc

TOTAL

ND 3.1 3.6 5.2 6.2 2.8

ND 31 14 13 57 11

ND 38 77 15 ND 14

83 18 35

290 20 37

360 24 73

5,000 88 100

Potassium

DISSOLVED

Potassium

TOTAL

Sodium

DISSOLVED

Sodium

TOTAL

2.2 2.9 5.1 1.5

7.5 3.4 70 6

15 3.7 340 15

4.4 16

6.5 45

6.6 73

66 350

Table 7. Concentrations of dissolved and total constituents in surface water from sites in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, 

Idaho — Continued
Table 8 49

Table 8. 

and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds in soil and water, by land- and water-use area in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, 

[Terms, acronymns, and abbreviations are explained in table A, appendix; sample number information is shown in table 1; constituents with maximum concentrations in soil and water (summarized from table 2 and table 6) are shown in red; explosive, semivolatile organic, and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds (summarized 

from table 4) are shown in bold; blank lines indicate no large concentrations found in sample]

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

 and 

figure 3) Sample identification Constituents

Vehicle corridor and major access roads

1 Can-Ada Concrete entrance chloride, ammonia, petroleum hydrocarbons

2 N. Kuna Road intersection

chloride, ammonia, nitrate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, petroleum hydrocarbons, phenanthrene

3 railroad track intersection petroleum hydrocarbons

5 Sand Creek petroleum hydrocarbons

36 Cinder Butte Road silver, tin

46 Corder Creek near Range 15 mercury, nitrate, petroleum hydrocarbons

61 Range Road near Range 20 tin

64 Rabbit Creek near Range 26 mercury, petroleum hydrocarbons

65 Corder Creek near Range 22 potassium

4sw Sand Creek lead, mercury, nitrite + nitrate, orthophosphate, phosphorus

27sw Range Road at MPRC-H

arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel, 

selenium, silver, strontium, tin, thallium, vanadium, zinc, chloride, fluoride, 

potassium, sodium, sulfate, ammonia, nitrite + nitrate, orthophosphate, phosphate, 

petroleum hydrocarbons

28sw Range 6

aluminum, beryllium, chromium, iron, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, titanium, 

ammonia

Maneuver Areas

6 NW of Christmas Mountain barium, cobalt, mercury, vanadium, total phosphorus, petroleum hydrocarbons

14 maintenance area near Christmas Mountain cobalt, manganese

18 near Christmas Mountain total phosphorus, petroleum hydrocarbons

19 ASP east aluminum, beryllium, copper, mercury, potassium, total phosphorus

20 ASP loading

zinc, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(ghi)perylene, 

benzo(k)fluoranthene, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, chrysene, petroleum hydrocarbons, fluoranthene

40 cinder pit wall selenium, sodium, total phosphorus

41 cinder pit 

copper, iron, molybdenum, selenium, strontium, titanium, vanadium, sodium, sulfate, 

total phosphorus, petroleum hydrocarbons

45 draw N of Tadpole Lake barium, cobalt, manganese

47 badger diggings, dry draw selenium 

48 dry draw NW of Tadpole Lake selenium, nitrite + nitrate

49 playa N of Tadpole Lake

aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, nickel, selenium, silver, strontium, thallium, titanium, vanadium, zinc, potassium, sodium, 

nitrite + nitrate

50 Tadpole Lake pallet

51 Tadpole Lake SE

Idaho

 Summary of large concentrations of trace metals, major ions, and nutrients, and detections of explosive, semivolatile organic,
50 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

 and 

figure 3) Sample identification Constituents

Maneuver Area — Continued

52 Tadpole Lake (grid sample)

aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, nickel, 

selenium, silver, strontium, thallium, vanadium, zinc, chloride, potassium, 

sodium, sulfate, nitrite + nitrate

53 Tadpole Lake rocks

54 Tadpole Lake W

55 Tadpole Lake S

57 Tadpole Lake W2

60 Hood Road draw nickel, potassium, ammonia, nitrite + nitrate, orthophosphate, petroleum hydrocarbons

63 Range 26 weather selenium, potassium, sulfate

21gw ASP well (ground water) iron

56sw Tadpole Lake (surface water)

aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, 

iron, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silver, strontium, 

thallium, tin, titanium, vanadium, zinc, chloride, fluoride, potassium, sodium, sulfate, orthophosphate, petroleum hydrocarbons, hexadecanoic acid

62p Range 26 weather (precipitation) 3-nitrotoluene, nitroglycerin

Impact Area

22 Range 5 parking

iron, molybdenum, silver, tin, titanium, chloride, sodium, sulfate, nitrite + nitrate, total 

phosphorus, petroleum hydrocarbons

23 Range 5 firing

antimony, cadmium, copper, lead, manganese, molybdenum, tin, chloride, orthophosphate, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, di-n-butyl phthalate

24 Range 5 target beryllium, cobalt, iron, nickel

25 MPRC-H BPB1 mercury, molybdenum, petroleum hydrocarbons

26 MPRC-H BPB2L

petroleum hydrocarbons, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, di-n-butyl phthalate, diphenylamine, nitroglycerin, 

n-nitrosodiphenylamine

29 Range 2 weather chromium, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate

31 MPRC-H BP3

aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, chromium, copper, iron, nickel, silver, strontium, thallium, titanium, vanadium

32 MPRC-H C2CR barium, cadmium, cobalt, lead, manganese, mercury, silver, petroleum hydrocarbons

33 MPRC-H BPA8 arsenic, lead, strontium, fluoride

34 MPRC-H BPC13 arsenic, strontium

35 playa west of Range 10/11 ammonia

37 Range 30 manganese, ammonia, orthophosphate, dibutyl phthalate

38 Range 14 weather manganese, ammonia, orthophosphate, dibutyl phthalate

42 Range 14 target lead, fluoride, orthophosphate

43 Range 14 firing

antimony, molybdenum, silver, sulfate, diphenylamine, nitroglycerin, n-nitrosodiphenylamine

44 Range 14 parking sodium, total phosphorus, titanium

58 Rabbit Creek near Artillery Impact Area thallium, ammonia

59 dry draw SE of Artillery Impact Area orthophosphate

30p Range 2 weather (precipitation) 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrotoluene

39p Range 14 weather (precipitation)

 

and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds in soil and water, by land- and water-use area in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, 

Idaho — Continued

Table 8. Summary of large concentrations of trace metals, major ions, and nutrients, and detections of explosive, semivolatile organic,
Table 8 51

Sample 

number 

(figure 1

 and 

figure 3) Sample identification Constituents

MATES compound

7 entrance storm water basin aluminum, thallium, vanadium, fluoride, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate

9 NE drain antimony, cadmium, chromium, nickel, zinc, petroleum hydrocarbons

11 drain at tank parking gate

antimony, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, molybdenum, tin, zinc, fluoride,

petroleum hydrocarbons, fluorene, pentachlorophenol, pyrene

12 fueling area runoff arsenic, chloride, fluoride, petroleum hydrocarbons, RDX

13 east drain

aluminum, antimony, beryllium, chromium, iron, nickel, thallium, titanium, vanadium, 

zinc, fluoride, potassium, petroleum hydrocarbons

15 wash water spreading area antimony, cadmium, petroleum hydrocarbons

16 wash water pond (grid) antimony, cadmium, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, petroleum hydrocarbons

8gw Mates well RDX

10sw NE drain

aluminum, antimony, barium, cadmium, cobalt, iron, lead, manganese, tin, zinc, nitrite 

+ nitrate, petroleum hydrocarbons

13sw east drain mercury, vanadium

17sw wash water pond

antimony, arsenic, copper, molybdenum, strontium, fluoride, chloride, potassium, 

sodium, sulfate, petroleum hydrocarbons

and petroleum hydrocarbon compounds in soil and water, by land- and water-use area in and near the Orchard Training Area, Ada County, 

Idaho — Continued

Table 8. Summary of large concentrations of trace metals, major ions, and nutrients, and detections of explosive, semivolatile organic,
52 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

[This page intentionally left blank]
Appendices

______________________________________

A. Explanation of terms, abbreviations, and acronyms

B Severn Trent Laboratory sample container requirements

C. U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Laboratory analyses descriptions and 

 sample container and preservative requirements

D. Severn Trent Laboratory analysis descriptions

E. Severn Trent Laboratory methods summary

F. Severn Trent Laboratory definitions of quality control terms and qualifiers
54 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003

[This page intentionally left blank]
Appendix A-1

Table A. Explanation of terms, abbreviations, and acronyms

ASP Ammunition Supply Point

aliquot

type of sample: portion of sample used for analyses: DUP = laboratory duplicate, LR = laboratory replicate, 

LCS = Laboratory Control Sample; LCSD = second Laboratory Control Sample, MB = method blank, MS = matrix 

spike, MSD = matrix spike duplicate, RA = re-analysis, SA = standard analysis, SD = sample duplicate; left blank for 

LABQC samples

background soil sample collected from area with little or no recent land uses 

CAS Number Chemical Abstract Service number

CmpdName chemical compound name

Cr(VI) analyses for hexavalent chromium only

CVAA cold vapor atomic absorption

CVO analyses by USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory Sediment Laboratory, Vancouver, Washington

d airborne dust

deg C degrees Celsius

DIL, dilution factor default value is 1.00

Dissolved or Dis water filtered through 0.45-um Gelman filter

DRO diesel range organics

duplicate or DUP second set of soil samples from the original composite sample container 

E east

explosives analyses for explosive compounds only

g gram

GC/MS gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

GPS Global Positioning System

g/kg grams per kilogram

grab (sample) soil sample scooped from one location

grid (sample) a composite soil sample from an approximately rectangular grid area 

gw ground water 

H2SO4 sulfuric acid

HEM N-hexane extractable materials (see also SGT-HEM)

HMX explosive compound – high melting point explosive, Cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine

HNO3 nitric acid

HPLC high performance liquid chromatography

IC ion chromatography

ICP inductively coupled plasma

L liter

MATES Mobilization And Training Equipment Site

MDL method detection limit

metals analyses for metals only

μg/g micrograms per gram

μg/kg micrograms per kilogram

μg/L micrograms per liter

μm micrometer

μS/cm at 25 °C microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius

mg/kg milligrams per kilogram

mg/L milligrams per liter, approximately equal to parts per million
A-2 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

mL or ml milliliter

mm millimeter

MPRC-H Multi-Purpose Range Complex- Heavy

MS mass spectrometry

N north (direction) or nitrogen (constituent)

ND not detected

NE northeast

NW northwest

NWQL (USGS) National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver, Colorado

OTA Orchard Training Area

PETN explosive compound – Pentaerythritol tetranitrate

P phosphorus

p precipitation

poly polyethylene

QC quality control

RDX explosive compound – Royal Demolition Explosive, Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine

RL or Reporting Level 

USGS National Water Quality Laboratory- practical quantitation limit for lab; irl, interim reporting level ; lrl, laboratory reporting level ; mrl, minimum reporting level

replicate or REP second set of samples from consecutively filled sample containers

S south

Sample number 

(figure 1 and figure 3)

USGS designated identification number for samples: sw = surface water, gw = ground water, p = precipitation, 

d = airborne dust

SE southeast

special soil analyses for hexavalent chromium – Cr(VI), explosive, or total metals only 

SGT-HEM silica gel treated hexane extractable materials

STL analyses by Severn Trent Laboratory, Denver, Colorado

SVOC semivolatile organic compounds

SW southwest

sw surface water 

test method method of analysis

Tetryl explosive compound – N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitrobenzenamine

TOC total organic carbon

Total sample unfiltered

TRPH total recoverable petroleum hydrocarbons

USGS U.S. Geological Survey

VOC volatile organic compound

W west

wm wide-mouth (jar)

unsp unspecified 

Table A. Explanation of terms, abbreviations, and acronyms — Continued
Appendix B-1

Table B. Severn Trent Laboratory sample container requirements 

Analysis 

Soils Waters

Container Preservative Container Preservative

Metals by 6020/6010/7470/7471 1 x 4 oz wm jar None 1 x 500 mL poly HNO3

Common Ions 1 x 8 oz wm jar None 1 x 1 L poly None

Nutrients NA* None

2 x 500 mL amber 

glass H2SO4

Total organic carbon (TOC) 9060 NA * None

1 x 250 mL amber 

glass H2SO4

N-hexane extractable materials (HEM) 

9071/1664 NA * None 2 x 1 L amber glass H2SO4

Semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) 1 x 8 oz wm jar ** None 2 x 1 L amber glass None

Explosives 1 x 4 oz wm jar ** None 2 x 1 L amber glass None

% Moisture NA* None NA NA

Diesel range organics (DRO) 8015 1 x 4 oz wm jar ** None 2 x 1 L amber glass None

* Nutrients, TOC, % moisture, HEM, and common ions can all come from a single 8-oz (250-mL) jar.

** SVOCs, DRO, and explosives can come from a single 8-oz jar. Where explosives and DRO are required, a 4-oz (125-mL) jar is 

adequate.

A single 500-mL poly or 4-oz jar is adequate for all the metals; for dissolved and total metals, a raw and field-filtered fraction must 

be collected.

If SVOC, DRO, and explosives are collected in a water sample, a total of five 1-liter amber glass is adequate. Each of these analyses requires a full liter, so the additional volume requested is to cover breakage and possible re-analysis due to QC problems in the 

lab. So, the minimum volume you could collect is 3 liters. The same applies to HEM: we request two H2SO4 preserved ambers. The 

analysis requires 1 liter. Unfortunately, the liter ambers are the most commonly broken container during shipment. 
B-2 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

[This page intentionally left blank]
Appendix C-1

Analyte Lab Code

Parameter 

Code M

CAS

Number RL Unit

RL 

Type Container

Acid Neutralizing Capacity 

(ANC), laboratory 70 90410 A 471-34-1 2 mg/L mrl RU

Calcium 659 00915 D 7440-70-2 0.010 mg/L irl FA

Chloride 1571 00940 J 16887-00-6 0.20 mg/L lrl FU

Fluoride 31 00950 B 16984-48-8 0.17 mg/L mrl FU

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) 

setup 2002 L2002 unsp lrl FA

Magnesium 663 00925 C 7439-95-4 0.008 mg/L irl FA

pH, laboratory 68 00403 A 0.1 pH mrl RU

Potassium 2773 00935 C 7440-09-7 0.16 mg/L irl FA

Silica 56 00955 C 7631-86-9 0.20 mg/L lrl FU

Sodium 675 00930 C 7440-23-5 0.10 mg/L irl FA

Specific conductance, laboratory 69 90095 A 2.6 μS/cm mrl RU

Sulfate 1572 00945 G 14808-79-8 0.18 mg/L lrl FU

Nitrogen, ammonia 1976 00608 F 7664-41-7 0.04 mg/L lrl FCC

Nitrogen, nitrite 1973 00613 F 14797-65-0 0.008 mg/L lrl FCC

Nitrogen, nitrite + nitrate 1975 00631 E 0.060 mg/L lrl FCC

Phosphorus, phosphate, ortho 1974 00671 H 14265-44-2 0.018 mg/L lrl FCC

Arsenic 1503 01000 D 7440-38-2 0.2 μg/L lrl FA

Barium 641 01005 C 7440-39-3 2 μg/L irl FA

Cadmium 1788 01025 G 7440-43-9 0.04 μg/L lrl FA

ICP Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) 

setup 2181 L2181 unsp mrl FA

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) 

setup 2002 L2002 unsp lrl FA

Iron 645 01046 D 7439-89-6 6.4 μg/L irl FA

Manganese 648 01056 C 7439-96-5 0.8 μg/L irl FA

pH, laboratory 68 00403 A 0.1 pH mrl RU

Selenium 2506 01145 C 7782-49-2 0.4 μg/L lrl FA

Specific Conductance, laboratory 69 90095 A 2.6 μS/cm mrl RU

CONTAINER REQUIREMENTS

1 250 mL - FA 

Description: 250 ML Polyethylene bottle, acid-rinsed.

Treatment and Preservation: Filter through 0.45- μm filter, use filtered sample to rinse containers and acidify sample with mitric acid 

(HNO3) to pH <2.

1 100 mL - FU

Description: 250 or 500 mL Polyethylene bottle.

Treatment and Preservation: Filter through 0.45-μm filter. Use filtered ample to rinse containers.

1 250 mL - RU

Description: 250 or 500 mL polyethylene bottle.

Treatment and Preservation: 250 or 500 mL Polyethylene bottle, Use unfiltered sample to rinse bottles.

1 125 mL - FCC

Description: 125 mL Brown polyethylene bottle.

Treatment and Preservation: Filter through 0.45-μm filter, use filtered sample to rinse containers, chill and maintain at 4 deg C, ship 

immediately.

Table C. USGS-NWQL Analysis Description; Sample Container and Preservative Requirements

[USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NWQL, National Water-Quality Laboratory; M,method]
C-2 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

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Appendix D-1

Soils STL 

RLs STL MDL

Water

Method Unit Method Unit STL RLs STL MDL

METALS by ICP/MS (dissolved or total) 6020 6020

Suite Antimony 6020 mg/kg 0.2 0.02 6020 μg/L 2.0 0.2

Arsenic 6020 mg/kg 0.5 0.0076 6020 μg/L 5.0 0.2

Barium 6020 mg/kg 0.1 0.0265 6020 μg/L 1.0 0.092

Beryllium 6020 mg/kg 0.1 0.0023 6020 μg/L 1.0 0.2

Cadmium 6020 mg/kg 0.1 0.0027 6020 μg/L 1.0 0.057

Chromium 6020 mg/kg 0.2 0.0336 6020 μg/L 2.0 0.212

Cobalt 6020 mg/kg 0.1 0.0022 6020 μg/L 1.0 0.2

Copper 6020 mg/kg 0.2 0.0614 6020 μg/L 2.0 0.165

Lead 6020 mg/kg 0.1 0.02 6020 μg/L 1.0 0.228

Manganese 6020 mg/kg 0.1 0.0252 6020 μg/L 1.0 0.076

Molybdenum 6020 mg/kg 0.2 0.002 6020 μg/L 2.0 0.2

Nickel 6020 mg/kg 0.1 0.0111 6020 μg/L 2.0 0.2

Selenium 6020 mg/kg 0.5 0.018 6020 μg/L 5.0 1.14

Silver 6020 mg/kg 0.1 0.002 6020 μg/L 1.0 0.054

Thallium 6020 mg/kg 0.1 0.002 6020 μg/L 1.0 0.02

Tin 6020 mg/kg 1.0 0.00197 6020 μg/L 10 2.0

Vanadium 6020 mg/kg 0.5 0.007 6020 μg/L 5.0 0.2

Zinc 6020 mg/kg 1.0 0.125 6020 μg/L 10 7.064

METALS including common cations by ICP

(dissolved or total) 6010B

Suite Aluminum 6010B mg/kg 10 3.1 6010B μg/L 100 22

Beryllium 6010B mg/kg 0.5 0.14 6010B μg/L 5 0.50

Iron 6010B mg/kg 10 2.0 6010B μg/L 100 12

Potassium 6010B mg/kg 300 31 6010B μg/L 3000 180

Sodium 6010B mg/kg 500 120 6010B μg/L 5000 350

Other METALS that can be added to 6010B suite

Strontium 6010B mg/kg 1 0.15 6010B μg/L 10 0.50

Titanium 6010B mg/kg 1 0.20 6010B μg/L 10 0.50

Mercury by CVAA 7471A mg/kg 0.033 0.0037 7470A μg/L 0.2 0.028

Hexavalent chromium 

Cr (VI), soil only 7196A mg/kg

COMMON ANIONS by IC

Suite Chloride 9056 mg/kg 30 1.0 300 mg/L 3.0 0.10

Fluoride 9056 mg/kg 10 0.35 300 mg/L 1.0 0.035

Sulfate 9056 mg/kg 50 1.0 300 mg/L 5.0 0.10

NUTRIENTS

Nitrogen, ammonia 350.1 mg/kg 1.0 0.29 350.1 mg/L 0.1 0.029

Nitrogen, total kjeldahl (TKN)

(9/12/02 samples only) 351.2 mg/kg 50 9.435 351.2 mg/L 0.5 0.246

Nitrogen, nitrate 353.2 mg/kg 1.0 -- 353.2 mg/L 0.1 --

Table D. Severn Trent Laboratory analysis descriptions

[Modified from J. Powell, USGS, written communication, April 2001, and R. Daddow, USGS, written communication, October 2001; --, not available]
D-2 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

Soils STL 

RLs STL MDL

Water

Method Unit Method Unit STL RLs STL MDL

NUTRIENTS — Continued

Nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate 353.2 mg/kg 1.0 0.21 353.2 mg/L 0.1 0.021

Nitrogen, nitrite 353.2 mg/kg 1.0 354.1 mg/L 0.1 --

Orthophosphate 365.3 mg.kg 0.5 -- 365.3 mg/L 0.05 0.0154

Phosphorus, total 365.3 mg/kg 5 0.63 365.3 mg/L 0.05 0.0216

Diesel Range Organics (DRO)

8015 M

(DRO) mg/kg 10 3.6

8015 M

(DRO) mg/L 0.25 0.19

Total organic carbon 9060 mg/kg 2000 648 415.1 mg/L 1.0 0.37

HEM and SGT-HEM (TRPH) 9071B -- -- -- 1664 mg/L 5.0 2.9

CAS # Semivolatile organic compounds

83-32-9 Acenaphthene 8270C μg/kg 330 34.7 8270C μg/L 10 1.39

208-96-8 Acenaphthylene 8270C μg/kg 330 36.5 8270C μg/L 10 1.73

120-12-7 Anthracene 8270C μg/kg 330 52.9 8270C μg/L 10 1.43

56-55-3 Benzo(a)anthracene 8270C μg/kg 330 42.4 8270C μg/L 10 1.1

205-99-2 Benzo(b)fluoranthene 8270C μg/kg 330 37.9 8270C μg/L 10 2.21

205-82-3 Benzo(j)fluoranthene 8270C μg/kg 330 -- 8270C μg/L 10 --

207-08-9 Benzo(k)fluoranthene 8270C μg/kg 330 79.8 8270C μg/L 10 1.91

65-85-0 Benzoic acid 8270C μg/kg 1600 409.4 8270C μg/L 50 18.66

50-32-8 Benzo(a)pyrene 8270C μg/kg 330 47.2 8270C μg/L 10 1.73

191-24-2 Benzo(g,h,I)perylene 8270C μg/kg 330 42.9 8270C μg/L 10 2.0

100-51-6 Benzyl alcohol 8270C μg/kg 330 75.2 8270C μg/L 10 3.75

111-91-1 Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane 8270C μg/kg 330 51.1 8270C μg/L 10 2.5

111-44-4 Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether 8270C μg/kg 330 49.4 8270C μg/L 10 3.0

108-60-1 Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether 8270C μg/kg 330 47.3 8270C μg/L 10 1.19

117-81-7 Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 8270C μg/kg 330 58.4 8270C μg/L 10 2.02

101-55-3 Bromophenylphenyl ether [4-] 8270C μg/kg 330 45.1 8270C μg/L 10 2.72

85-68-7 Butyl benzyl phthalate 8270C μg/kg 330 45.8 8270C μg/L 10 2.89

59-50-7 Chloro-3-methylphenol [4-] 8270C μg/kg 330 58.7 8270C μg/L 10 2.04

91-58-7 Chloronaphthalene [2-] 8270C μg/kg 330 33.0 8270C μg/L 10 1.36

95-57-8 Chlorophenol [2-] 8270C μg/kg 330 50.1 8270C μg/L 10 2.16

7005-72-3 Chlorophenyl phenyl ether [4-] 8270C μg/kg 330 53.8 8270C μg/L 10 1.62

218-01-9 Chrysene 8270C μg/kg 330 53.2 8270C μg/L 10 1.81

53-70-3 Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene 8270C μg/kg 330 51.7 8270C μg/L 10 2.21

132-64-9 Dibenzofuran 8270C μg/kg 330 43.5 8270C μg/L 10 1.54

95-50-1 Dichlorobenzene (1,2) 8270C μg/kg 330 52.7 8270C μg/L 10 2.06

541-73-1 Dichlorobenzene (1,3) 8270C μg/kg 330 58.3 8270C μg/L 10 1.44

Table D. Severn Trent Laboratory analysis descriptions — Continued
Appendix D-3

Soils STL 

RLs STL MDL

Water STL 

RLs

STL 

Method Unit Method Unit MDL

CAS # Semivolatile organic compounds — Continued

106-46-7 Dichlorobenzene (1,4) 8270C μg/kg 330 50.4 8270C μg/L 10 2.09

91-94-1 Dichlorobenzidine [3,3'-] 8270C μg/kg 1600 167.8 8270C μg/L 50 5.08

120-83-2 Dichlorophenol [2,4-] 8270C μg/kg 330 45.9 8270C μg/L 10 2.2

84-66-2 Diethyl phthalate 8270C μg/kg 330 41.7 8270C μg/L 10 1.24

131-11-3 Dimethyl phthalate 8270C μg/kg 330 38.4 8270C μg/L 10 1.78

105-67-9 Dimethylphenol [2,4-] 8270C μg/kg 330 67.5 8270C μg/L 10 2.79

84-74-2 Di-n-butyl phthalate 8270C μg/kg 330 57.9 8270C μg/L 10 2.27

534-52-1 Dinitro-2-methylphenol [4,6-] 8270C μg/kg 1600 191.5 8270C μg/L 50 2.61

51-28-5 Dinitrophenol [2,4-] 8270C μg/kg 1600 485.1 8270C μg/L 50 5.77

121-14-2 Dinitrotoluene [2,4-] 8270C μg/kg 330 43.6 8270C μg/L 10 1.44

606-20-2 Dinitrotoluene [2,6-] 8270C μg/kg 330 51.9 8270C μg/L 10 1.15

117-84-0 Di-n-octyl phthalate 8270C μg/kg 330 46.3 8270C μg/L 10 2.01

206-44-0 Fluoranthene 8270C μg/kg 330 56.8 8270C μg/L 10 1.92

86-73-7 Fluorene 8270C μg/kg 330 41.1 8270C μg/L 10 1.60

118-74-1 Hexachlorobenzene 8270C μg/kg 330 48.5 8270C μg/L 10 2.73

87-68-3 Hexachlorobutadiene 8270C μg/kg 330 41.8 8270C μg/L 10 2.25

77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 8270C μg/kg 1600 33.0 8270C μg/L 50 5.0

67-72-1 Hexachloroethane 8270C μg/kg 330 61.5 8270C μg/L 10 1.72

193-39-5 Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 8270C μg/kg 330 53.0 8270C μg/L 10 1.73

78-59-1 Isophorone 8270C μg/kg 330 52.5 8270C μg/L 10 2.01

91-57-6 Methylnaphthalene [2-] 8270C μg/kg 330 57.5 8270C μg/L 10 1.6

95-48-7 Methylphenol [2-] 8270C μg/kg 330 44.0 8270C μg/L 10 3.18

108-39-4 Methylphenol [3-] 8270C μg/kg 330 58.9 8270C μg/L 10 5.1

106-44-5 Methylphenol [4-] 8270C μg/kg 330 -- 8270C μg/L 10 --

91-20-3 Naphthalene 8270C μg/kg 330 -- 8270C μg/L 10 --

88-74-4 Nitroaniline [2-] 8270C μg/kg 1600 44.9 8270C μg/L 50 2.52

99-09-2 Nitroaniline [3-] 8270C μg/kg 1600 57.0 8270C μg/L 50 3.58

100-01-6 Nitroaniline [4-] 8270C μg/kg 1600 68.4 8270C μg/L 50 2.18

98-95-3 Nitrobenzene 8270C μg/kg 330 68.0 8270C μg/L 10 2.45

88-75-5 Nitrophenol [2-] 8270C μg/kg 330 42.8 8270C μg/L 10 2.77

100-02-7 Nitrophenol [4-] 8270C μg/kg 1600 160 8270C μg/L 50 7.14

62-75-9 Nitrosodimethylamine [N-] 8270C μg/kg 330 57.8 8270C μg/L 10 2.33

621-64-7 Nitrosodi-n-propylamine [N-] 8270C μg/kg 330 62.9 8270C μg/L 10 2.33

86-30-6 Nitrosodiphenylamine [N-] 8270C μgμg/kg 330 56.0 8270C μg/L 10 2.91

Table D. Severn Trent Laboratory analysis descriptions — Continued
D-4 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

Soils STL 

RLs STL MDL

Water STL 

RLs

STL 

Method Unit Method Unit MDL

CAS # Semivolatile organic compounds — Continued

87-86-5 Pentachlorophenol 8270C μg/kg 1600 160 8270C μg/L 50 5.0

85-01-8 Phenanthrene 8270C μg/kg 330 41.7 8270C μg/L 10 2.01

108-95-2 Phenol 8270C μg/kg 330 50.3 8270C μg/L 10 1.75

129-00-0 Pyrene 8270C μg/kg 330 38.0 8270C μg/L 10 2.00

95-94-3 Tetrachlorobenzene [1,2,4,5-] 8270C μg/kg 330 33.0 8270C μg/L 10 1.9

120-82-1 Trichlorobenzene [1,2,4-] 8270C μg/kg 330 35.6 8270C μg/L 10 1.78

95-95-4 Trichlorophenol [2,4,5-] 8270C μg/kg 330 33.0 8270C μg/L 10 2.45

88-06-2 Trichlorophenol [2,4,6-] 8270C μg/kg 330 36.4 8270C μg/L 10 2.27

Explosives by HPLC

355-72-78-2 Amino-2, 6-dinitrotoluene [4-] 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.120 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.182

1946-51-0 Amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene [2-] 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.143 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.144

99-65-0 Dinitrobenzene [1,3-] 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.073 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.134

121-14-2 Dinitrotoluene [2,4] 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.116 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.142

606-20-2 Dinitrotoluene [2,6] 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.059 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.155

2691-41-0 HMX 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.168 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.1

98-95-3 Nitrobenzene 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.128 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.111

55-63-0 Nitroglycerin 8330 μg/g 5.0 1.09 8330 μg/L 2.5 0.661

88-72-2 Nitrotoluene [2-] 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.196 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.084

99-08-1 Nitrotoluene [3-] 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.152 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.185

99-99-0 Nitrotoluene [4-] 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.137 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.202

78-11-5 PETN 8330 μg/g 2.5 1.01 8330 μg/L 2.5 0.785

121-82-4 RDX 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.215 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.204

479-45-8 Tetryl 8330 μg/g 0.50 0.183 8330 μg/L 0.5 0.120

99-35-4 Trinitrobenzene [1,3,5-] 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.125 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.166

118-96-7 Trinitrotoluene [2,4,6] 8330 μg/g 0.25 0.111 8330 μg/L 0.25 0.078

Moisture content D2216 % 0.25

Table D. Severn Trent Laboratory analysis descriptions — Continued
Appendix E-1

Table E. Severn Trent Laboratory methods summary 

Constituent Analytical method Preparation method

9071B silica gel treated SW846 9071B SW846 9071B

Chloride MCAWW 300.0A MCAWW 300.0A

Chloride SW846 9056 SW846 9056

Extractable petroleum hydrocarbons SW846 8015B SW846 3550B

Extractable petroleum hydrocarbons SW846 8215B SW846 8215B

Extractable petroleum hydrocarbons SW846 6015B SW846 6015B

Fluoride MCAWW 300.0A MCAWW 300.0A

Fluoride SW846 9056 SW846 9056

ICP-MS (6020) SW846 6020 SW846 3010 

ICP-MS (6020) SW846 6020 SW846 3050B

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) metals SW846 6010B SW846 3010A

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) metals SW846 6010B SW846 3050B

Mercury in liquid waste (manual cold-vapor) SW846 7470A SW846 7470A

Mercury in liquid waste (manual cold-vapor) SW846 7471A SW846 7471A

n-Hexane extractable material SW846 9071B SW846 9071B

N-Hexane extractable material (1664A) CFR136A 1664A H CFR136A 1664A H

N-Hexane extractable material, silica gel treated (1664A) CFR136A 1664A S CFR136A 1664A S

Nitrate as N MCAWW 353.2 MCAWW 353.2

Nitrate as N SW846 9056 SW846 9056

Nitrite plus nitrate as N MCAWW 353.2 MCAWW 353.2

Nitrite as N MCAWW 353.2 MCAWW 353.2

Nitroaromatics and nitramines by HPLC SW846 8330 SW846 3535

Nitroaromatics and nitramines by HPLC SW846 8330 SW846 8330

Nitrogen, ammonia as N MCAWW 350.1 MCAWW 350.1

Orthophosphate as P MCAWW 365.3 MCAWW 365.3

Percent moisture MCAWW 160.3 MOD MCAWW 160.3 MOD

Semivolatile organic compounds by GC/MS SW846 8270C SW846 3520C

Semivolatile organic compounds by GC/MS SW846 8270C SW846 3550B

Sulfate MCAWW 300.0A MCAWW 300.0A

Sulfate SW846 9056 SW846 9056

Total kjeldahl nitrogen MCAWW 351.2 MCAWW 351.2

Total organic carbon MCAWW 415.1 MCAWW 415.1

Total organic carbon SW846 9060 SW846 9060

Total phosphorus MCAWW 365.3 MCAWW 365.3

Severn Trent Laboratory (STL) website: http://www.stl-inc.com
E-2 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

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Appendix F-1

Table F. Severn Trent Laboratory definitions of quality control terms and qualifiers

Term Definition

Batch

A set of up to 20 field samples plus associated laboratory QC samples that are similar in composition (matrix) and that are 

processed within the same time period with the same reagent and standard lots.

Laboratory Control 

Sample and Laboratory Control 

Sample Duplicate 

(LCS/LCSD)

A volume of reagent water for aqueous samples or a contaminant-free solid matrix (Ottawa sand) for soil and sediment samples 

which is spiked with known amounts of representative target analytes and required surrogates. An LCS is carried through 

the entire analytical process and is used to monitor the accuracy of the analytical process independent of potential matrix 

effects. An LCSD is a second Laboratory Control Sample.

Matrix Spike and 

Matrix Spike

Duplicate (MS/

MSD)

A field sample fortified with known quantities of target analytes that are also added to the LCS. Matrix spike duplicate is a 

second matrix spike sample. MSs/MSDs are carried throughout the entire analytical process and are used to determine 

sample matrix effect on accuracy of the measurement system. The accuracy and precision estimated using MS/MSD is only 

representative of the precision of the sample that was spiked.

Method Blank

A sample composed of all the reagents (in the same quantities) in reagent water carried through the entire analytical process. 

The method blank is used to monitor the level of contamination introduced during sample preparation steps.

Surrogate

Organic constituents not expected to be detected in environmental media and are added to every sample and QC at a known 

concentration. Surrogates are used to determine the efficiency of the sample preparation and the analytical process.

Sample Duplicate

A second aliquot of an environmental sample, taken from the same sample container when possible, that is processed independently with the first sample aliquot. The results are used to assess the effect of the sample matrix on the precision of 

the analytical process. The precision estimated using this sample is not necessarily representative of the precision for other 

samples in the batch.

Method Detection 

Limit (MDL)

The method detection limit is defined as the minimum concentration of a substance that can be measured and reported with 

99% confidence that the analyte concentration is greater than zero and is determined from replicate analyses of low-level 

standards in a typical representative matrix.

Reporting Limit 

(RL)

The STL reporting limit is normally the lowest level at which measurements become quantitatively meaningful, ie., the quantitation limit, which is approximately three times the MDL. Some projects require RLs that are less than the quantitation 

limit to achieve particular maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs), but RLs 

cannot be less than the statistically determined MDL. 

Qualifier Definition

* Surrogate or Relative Percent Difference (RPD) is outside control limits.

a Spiked analyte recovery is outside control limits. 

B

Organics: Method blank contamination. The associated method blank contains the target analyte at a reportable level.

Inorganics: Estimated result. Result is less than the RL.

COL More than 40% difference between the primary and confirmation detector results. The lower of the two results is reported.

DIL The concentration is estimated or not reported due to dilution.

E Estimated result. Result concentration exceeds the calibration range.

G Inorganics: Elevated reporting limit. The reporting limit is elevated due to matrix interference.

J

Organics: Estimated result. Result is less than RL.

Inorganics: Method blank contamination. The associated method blank contains the target analyte at a reportable level.

L Serial dilution of a digestate in the analytical batch indicates that physical and chemical interferences are present.

N Spiked analyte recovery is outside stated control limits.

NC The recovery and/or RPD were not calculated.

ND

The analyte was not detected at the MDL concentration and, with a measurable degree of confidence, can be said not to be 

present at or above the RL concentration.

p Relative percent difference (RPD) is outside stated control limits.

Q Elevated reporting limit. The reporting limit is elevated due to high analyte levels.

V General Chemistry: Elevated reporting limit due to limited sample volume.

Wa Post digestion spike recovery fell between 40-85% due to matrix interference. 

Wb Post digestion spike recovery fell between 115-150% due to matrix interference.

I Percent recovery is estimated since the results exceeded the calibration range.

T1 A tentatively identified compound that did not generate a spectral match of 80% or greater. Typically called “unknown.”

T2 A tentatively identified compound with a spectral match of 80% or better.

T3 A tentatively identified compound that was calibrated for by the lab, but not on the client target analyte list.

IC Diluted due to high inorganic chloride.
F-2 Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminants, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 

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Manuscript approved for publication, September 29, 2004.

Manuscript released on World Wide Web, February 2005, 

at URL: http://id.water.usgs.gov/public/reports.html

Prepared by U.S. Geological Survey Publishing staff, 

Idaho District, Boise, Idaho:

Launa H. Allen

Linda Buckmaster

Richard L. Helton

For more information concerning the research in this report, contact:

Idaho District Chief

U.S. Geological Survey

230 Collins Road

Boise, Idaho 83702-4520
Parliman, D.J.— Assessment of Soil and Water Contaminats, Idaho Army National Guard Orchard Training Area, Ada County, Idaho, 2001 – 2003 — SIR 2004 – 5207