Energy Policy Act of 2005

Title VII, Subtitle G, Sections 791–797

S e c o n d Re p o r t t o Co n g r e s s :

Highlights of the Diesel Emissions

Reduction Program

S e c o n d Re p o r t t o Co n g r e s s :

Highlights of the Diesel Emissions

Reduction Program

P r e p a r e d b y :

U. S . E PA’s

Of f i c e o f Tr a n s p o r t a t i o n

a n d Ai r Qu a l i t y

Wa s h i n g t o n , D C
Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
iii Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

Executive Summary .............................................................................................................. 1

1. DERA Overview ................................................................................................................. 7

Grant Funding Has Delivered Multiple Benefits ................................................................ 9

DERA Program Structure Reflects National and State Interests..................................... 12

DERA’s Tools and Resources............................................................................................... 13

2. Highlights of the DERA 2008 and 2009/2010 Grants .......................................... 17

2008: DERA’s Debut............................................................................................................. 17

2009/2010: Creating Efficiencies........................................................................................ 21

3. American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Grants: A Boost for DERA.......... 25

4. Looking to the Future ................................................................................................... 31

Challenges and Lessons Learned....................................................................................... 31

Clean Diesel Opportunities................................................................................................ 33

Appendix A. National Clean Diesel Funding Assistance Program....................... 37

Appendix B. Emerging Technologies ............................................................................ 47

Appendix C. SmartWay Finance...................................................................................... 49

Appendix D. State Clean Diesel Programs................................................................... 51

Appendix E. National Program Evaluation Criteria ................................................. 55

Appendix F. Clean Diesel Collaboratives ..................................................................... 57

Appendix G. Acronyms and Abbreviations................................................................. 59

Contents
iv Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
1 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 1

F

rom goods movement to building construction to public transportation, diesel engines are the modern-day workhorse of the American 

economy. Diesel engines are extremely efficient, and they power 

nearly every major piece of machinery and equipment on farms, on construction sites, in ports, and on highways. However, not all diesel engines are 

as clean as those manufactured after 2006 and later, when EPA’s stringent 

heavy-duty highway and non-road engine standards began coming into effect. EPA estimates that approximately 11 million older diesel engines remain in use, and will continue to emit significant amounts 

of nitrogen oxides (NOX

) and particulate matter (PM) until they wear out and are replaced. To reduce 

the public’s exposure to pollution from these older, dirtier engines, Congress in 2005 authorized funding for the Diesel Emissions Reduction Act, a grant program designed to selectively retrofit or replace 

the older diesel engines most likely to impact human health. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

(EPA) administers all Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) funding under the umbrella of the National 

Clean Diesel Campaign (NCDC), which promotes clean air strategies by working with manufacturers, 

fleet operators, air quality professionals, environmental and community organizations, and state and 

local officials to reduce diesel emissions.

For more information about the background of NCDC, please see the first Report to Congress: Highlights 

of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program, EPA-420-R-09-006.

DERA Funding Has Provided a Broad Range of Benefits

Since 2008, the DERA program has achieved impressive outcomes and a range of benefits, such as:

Â Improved air quality, health benefits, and fuel savings. EPA grants have funded projects 

that provided immediate health and environmental benefits. From 2008 to 2010, EPA awarded 

nearly $470 million to more than 350 grantees in 50 states and the District of Columbia to retrofit, 

replace, or repower more than 50,000 vehicles and equipment in a variety of industries. EPA 

estimates that these projects will reduce emissions by at least 203,900 tons of NOX

 and 12,500 

tons of PM over the lifetime of the affected engines. As a result of these pollution reductions, EPA 

estimates that the health benefits associated with up to 1,400 fewer premature deaths and fewer 

hospital visits, among other impacts, will total approximately $3.4 billion to $8.2 billion.1

 These 

clean diesel projects also are estimated to reduce carbon monoxide (CO) emissions by 48,000 

tons, hydrocarbon (HC) emissions by 18,000 tons, and carbon dioxide (CO2

) emissions by 2.3 million tons, as well as generate fuel savings of over 205 million gallons as a result of idle reduction.

Â Cleaned up the nation’s supply chain. Along with EPA’s SmartWay Transport Partnership 

program, DERA funding has focused on diesel pollution at intermodal hubs, such as delivery 

centers and ports, and across the nation’s transportation infrastructure that supplies goods. More 

than $300 million in funding has been targeted to reducing emissions from the nation’s supply 

chain. NCDC will work closely with the SmartWay Program as part of the Legacy Fleet Plan in the 

future to target areas with high diesel emissions.

1 EPA’s estimates for health benefits assume that each avoided premature death is worth the value of statistical life (VSL). EPA recommends 

use of the central estimate for VSL of $7.4 million ($2006), updated to the year of the analysis, be used in all benefits analyses that seek to 

quantify mortality risk reduction benefits regardless of the age, income, or other population characteristics of the affected population.

Executive Summary
2 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

Â Generated economic and environmental activity. Clean diesel projects are cost-effective, 

according to EPA’s calculations of health benefits. Each federal dollar invested in clean diesel 

projects has leveraged as much as $3 from other government agencies, private organizations, 

industry, and nonprofit organizations, generating between $7 and $18 in public health benefits. 

In addition, new clean diesel technologies can spur environmental jobs and innovation in the 

marketplace.

Â Answered popular demand. Stakeholders have shown a tremendous amount of interest in 

EPA-funded clean diesel projects. Funding requests have exceeded availability by as much as 7:1.

Â Met local needs. These grants have solved local problems with locally conceived solutions—all 

DERA grant recipients have tailored their projects to their specific community’s needs.

Â Served environmental justice communities. Many projects have made health and environmental impacts in socially vulnerable areas. Rail and port projects are especially beneficial 

because they tend to take place in environmental justice communities, which are disproportionately impacted by higher levels of diesel exhaust.

Fiscal Year 2008

In its inaugural year, EPA funded 119 projects with $49 million. These funds retrofitted over 14,000 vehicles, vessels, or pieces of equipment. This included almost 6,000 school buses and nearly 4,500 longhaul trucks. The Emerging Technologies (ET) program, an innovative DERA sub-program with a goal 

of testing the effectiveness of new clean diesel technologies in the field, got its start in 2008. Through 

this program, EPA verified its first emission control devices for marine vessels and locomotives. One 

such technology was Caterpillar’s marine engine upgrade kit for certain engine models, which is now 

available for widespread use to help ship owners reduce pollution. EPA estimates that this first cohort of 

119 projects will reduce 22,700 tons of NOX

, 2,700 tons of PM, 4,200 tons of HC, 15,900 tons of CO, and 

289,900 tons of CO2

 over the lifetime of the affected engines. These pollution reductions, according to 

EPA estimates, will provide approximately $644 million to $1.6 billion in health benefits associated with 

fewer premature deaths and other health impacts, and save nearly 26 million gallons of fuel as a result 

of projects to reduce engine idling.

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

EPA received a $300 million appropriation under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (Recovery Act) in 2009 and awarded funds to 160 clean diesel projects. Every state and the District of 

Columbia received funding, and an additional 109 competitive projects were awarded funds across the 

country. EPA’s first Recovery Act grant went to the state of Colorado on March 27, 2009, for a school bus 

project that retrofitted nearly 1,000 buses. Important considerations in awarding Recovery Act grants 

were that the projects be “shovel-ready” and immediately create and retain American jobs. Through the 

Diesel Emissions Reduction Program, this funding resulted in the retention and creation of over 3,000 

jobs.2

 In total, EPA estimates that the clean diesel Recovery Act projects will reduce 130,600 tons of NOX, 

7,200 tons of PM, 10,200 tons of HC, 22,800 tons of CO, and 1,309,100 tons of CO2

, as well as save over 

116 million gallons of fuel over the lifetime of the affected engines. The health benefits of these pollution reductions equate to approximately $2 billion to $4.9 billion.

Fiscal Year 2009/2010

EPA received $60 million appropriations in both 2009 and 2010 and combined those funds to award 84 

grants. One grant to Mississippi funded the retrofit or replacement of over 2,000 buses, and provided 

the leverage for Mississippi to raise additional funds for diesel retrofits and replacements, allowing the 

2 This jobs estimate was created based on self-reported information from Recovery Act grant recipients according to the Office of 

Management and Budget’s guidance on job reporting.
3 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 3

state to reach its goal of retrofitting nearly every eligible school bus. Other applicants sought funding for large and impactful projects in under-served communities, such as those around ports and rail 

yards. Projects to repower or replace these heavy-emitting engines brought multi-pollutant reductions 

to areas disproportionately affected by diesel exhaust. Applicants also wanted to save fuel and lower 

emissions on long-haul trucks. EPA estimates that the fiscal year (FY) 2009/2010 grants will lead to 

emissions reductions of 50,600 tons of NOX

, 2,600 tons of PM, 3,600 tons of HC, 9,300 tons of CO, and 

706,000 tons of CO2

 over the lifetime of the affected engines, with fuel savings of nearly 63 million gallons associated with projects to reduce idling. EPA estimates that these pollution reductions generate 

health benefits of $728 million to $1.8 billion.

Through these three award competitions, EPA has funded clean diesel projects from a variety of sectors 

to achieve emissions reductions across the country. In total, more than 50,000 pieces of equipment and 

vehicles have been retrofitted, replaced, repowered, or aided with idling reduction equipment so that 

they contribute fewer emissions to our air.

DERA Funding Has Targeted Areas of Greatest Need

Per the priorities outlined in its authorizing legislation, the DERA program has placed emphasis on 

maximizing health benefits and serving areas with poor air quality, such as areas of non-attainment for 

PM and ozone in its funding competitions. Approximately 70% of competitive projects have taken place 

in nonattainment areas for PM2.5 (per the 2006 standard) or 8-hour ozone (per the 2008 standard).3

Many projects in areas already in attainment of air quality standards targeted sensitive populations, 

such as children, by funding replacements and retrofits for school buses. Finally, in the last two years, 

the program has increased its work in ports. More than 70 projects in ports have been funded, addressing nearly 2,000 vehicles or equipment.

Fostered Clean Diesel Projects on Tribal Lands, Territories, and Islands

Tribal grants are another important component of the program’s commitment to environmental justice. 

EPA has awarded more than $2 million for eight tribal grants in Minnesota, California, Alaska, Arizona, 

Washington, and Iowa. The tribal projects have retrofitted or replaced school buses, refuse haulers, 

transport buses, utility vehicles, fishing vessels, and mining equipment.

In FY 2009, DERA began funding projects in the District of Columbia and added Puerto Rico in FY 2011. 

DERA’s most recent authorization, which took effect on October 1, 2011, allows Guam, the United States 

Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands to receive 

federal funds for clean diesel projects.

Informed Communities

NCDC works to keep Americans informed of the benefits of clean 

diesel projects by increasing awareness. DERA-funded projects 

appear on EPA’s website so that the public can learn more about 

clean diesel projects in their local areas. Project partners can install 

a MyEnvironment “widget” on their own websites so their users 

can learn more about projects in their communities. Additionally, NCDC expanded on past work with school bus retrofits and 

Scholastic by releasing a Spanish translation of The Magic School 

Bus Gets Cleaned Up (El Autobús Mágico Necesita una Limpieza).

3 The percentage of projects taking place in non-attainment areas was calculated using EPA’s Office of Air and Radiation’s most recent 

National Ambient Air Quality Standards, which can be found at www.epa.gov/air/criteria.html.
4 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

Funding Has Supported a Wide Variety of Sectors and

Technologies

Retrofitted Equipment Across All Diesel Engine Sectors

Since its inception the program has focused on a wide variety of fleets (see Figure A, “Equipment Retrofitted by Fiscal Year and Sector”). Many projects have focused on school buses due to the importance 

of cleaner transportation for children and communities. In addition, the program targeted long-haul 

trucks, assisting fleets with fuel-saving technologies, and lowering emissions.

Figure A. Equipment Retrofitted by Fiscal Year and Sector

Agriculture Construction LongHaul Ports, Marine

and Airports Rail RefuseHauler School Bus ShortHaul Stationary Transit Bus

DERA08 (Actual) 35 711 4,384 629 61 443 5,376 989 2 226 

DERA0910 (Est.) 4 438 5,580 536 83 129 2,718 638 4 93 

ARRA (Est.) 369 1,778 9,919 783 131 886 11,608 3,727 79 572 

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000 

Vehicles/Engines

DERA08 (Actual)

DERA0910 (Estimated)

ARRA (Estimated)

12,000 

EPA Has Matched Technologies and Engines to Achieve Emissions Reductions

EPA has employed a variety of technologies to reduce emissions. One strategy is to retrofit vehicles with 

aftermarket technologies, such as diesel oxidation catalysts, closed crankcase ventilation, diesel particulate filters, or selective catalytic reduction. Other key strategies include installing idling reduction technologies such as auxiliary power units and direct fired heaters, tires and trailer skirts, and shore power 

or truck-stop electrification, and using cleaner fuels. Replacing or repowering older engines or vehicles 

is another important way to reduce emissions. The numerous technology options allow the DERA program to award funds to recipients based on the most cost-effective application of the technology. See 

Figure B, “Equipment by Fiscal Year and Technology,” for the range of technologies used on engines.

From FY 2008 to the Recovery Act, applications requesting grants for 

repower and replacement projects increased by 25 percent. DERA funding for replacement and repowers is especially helpful to small business 

owners since it makes vehicle upgrades and emissions reductions more 

affordable. Many of these replacements, especially in the marine, port, 

and rail sectors, take place in environmental justice areas and make 

across-the-board diesel emissions reductions—lowering NOX, PM, HC, 

CO, and CO2

 pollution.

Innovative Technologies

The ET program has fostered the development of cutting-edge, next generation diesel emissions 

reduction technologies by partnering technology manufacturers with fleets to test the effectiveness of 

the products and, if appropriate, become verified, making them available for wider use. The program 

has supported projects to demonstrate and improve 17 different technologies since 2008. In the past 
5 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 5

two years, two technologies previously on the emerging technologies list stand out as contributing to 

new technology options for fleets: a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system for non-road equipment 

and an upgrade kit for marine engines.

Looking Forward

Funding for the DERA program has created environmental and public health benefits across the country. The most recent funds awarded in FY 2011 ($50 million) and in FY 2012 ($30 million) will continue 

to be used to reduce diesel emissions and deliver local environmental benefits. In December of 2010, 

Congress unanimously reauthorized the DERA program. On January 4, 2011, President Barack Obama 

signed DERA’s reauthorization through 2016, allowing up to $100 million in annual appropriations. 

Over the course of the past three years, EPA has worked to improve efficiency and coordinate with 

project partners to manage unforeseen obstacles. EPA has managed product delivery delays, revised its 

Requests for Proposals, and refined grant tracking processes and databases. Additionally, EPA’s Office of 

Inspector General has conducted assessments on the DERA program and offered recommendations to 

improve management and oversight to ensure that projects achieve the planned emissions reductions.

The DERA program has shown that retrofits and engine replacements are effective in reducing emissions and provided valuable lessons in how to administer clean diesel programs. Going forward, EPA 

plans to sharpen its focus on any remaining areas of disproportionate exposure to emissions from diesel 

engines, and ensure that clean diesel projects are as cost-effective as possible.

In FY 2013 the Agency will pilot a new approach that will target specific fleets in high diesel exposure 

areas such as near ports and freight distribution hubs and other disproportionately affected communities. The new strategy would allocate funds to a new rebate program established under DERA’s 

reauthorization, and to grants, in part, for finance mechanisms that help fleets reduce diesel emissions. 

EPA believes the rebate, grant, and finance programs will allow greater precision in scrapping certain 

model years of vehicles and equipment and assisting public and private fleet owners with retrofitting 

or replacing those engines.

As the program matures, and subject to the availability of funds, EPA will build on past experience to 

ensure that clean diesel projects are as cost-effective as possible while targeting high exposure areas 

with the most effective technologies.

Figure B. Equipment by Fiscal Year and Technology

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Fuel-Efficient Tires

Trailer Side Skirts

Trailer Tails

Biodiesel

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

Closed Crankcase Ventilation (CCV)

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)

Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)

Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)

NOX Catalyst

Partial Flow Filter (PFF)

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)

Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)

Direct Fired Heater (DFH)

Engine Shutdown

Truck Stop Electrification (TSE)

Replacement

Repower

Hybrid Replacement

Aerodynamic

Devices/Tires/Fuel

Clean Diesel Technologies

Emissions Control Idling Control

Strategies

Replacement /

Repower

Vehicles/Engines

DERA08 (Actual)

DERA0910 (Estimated)

ARRA (Estimated)
6 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
7 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 7

1. DERA Overview

Older diesel engines emit significant amounts of air pollutants, such as 

nitrogen oxides (NOX

) and particulate matter (PM), which are linked 

to a range of serious health problems including asthma, lung and 

heart disease, and other respiratory ailments, all of which can lead to premature death. Operating throughout our transportation infrastructure today, 11 

million existing diesel engines—the nation’s “legacy fleet”—will be retired 

over time, but some will remain in use for up to 20 or more years.

Figure 1. Diesel Engine Turnover by Year4

4 This graph was created according to the MOVES and NONROAD models, which can be found at www.epa.gov/otaq/models/moves/

movesback.htm and www.epa.gov/omswww/nonrdmdl.htm. Data based on a projected 10 percent fleet turnover rate from EPA modeling.

Over 1.5 million heavily polluting diesel 

engines will remain in use by 2030.

0

3

6

9

12

2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030

Year

Number of Diesel Vehicles/Engines (in millions)
8 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

Recognizing that many states, such as California, Texas, Washington, Illinois, Maine, and New York, have 

developed successful clean diesel programs over the years, Congress authorized EPA’s Diesel Emissions 

Reduction Act (DERA) program to provide funds to states directly, as well as to establish a national competitive grant program. Administered by EPA’s National Clean Diesel Campaign (NCDC), the fiscal year 

(FY) 2008 competitive awards funded 119 projects. Congress then appropriated $300 million for the 

DERA program as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (Recovery Act). These appropriations funded an additional 160 projects. In FY 2009/2010, NCDC streamlined its award process and 

subsequently awarded 84 grants.

Taken together, EPA estimates that projects funded with FY 2008–2010 funds will reduce at least 

203,900 tons of NOX

 and 12,500 tons of PM over the lifetime of the affected engines, leading to estimated health benefits of between $3.4 billion and $8.2 billion. A significant part of the monetized 

value associated with these health benefits derives from EPA’s estimates of the number of premature 

deaths avoided as a result of reduced exposure to PM and NOX

 emissions.5 As part of the health benefits 

calculation, EPA estimates that the PM and NOX

 emissions reductions will lead to 540 to 1,400 prevented 

premature deaths. EPA also estimates that these clean diesel projects will reduce lifetime emissions of 

carbon monoxide (CO) by 48,000 tons, hydrocarbon (HC) by 18,000 tons, and carbon dioxide (CO2

) by 

2,300,000 tons over the lifetime of the affected engines, as well as save over 205 million gallons of fuel 

as a result of projects that discourage idling and reliance on diesel engines to generate electricity.

5 EPA’s estimates for health benefits assume that each avoided premature death is worth the value of a statistical life (VSL). EPA recommends 

use of the central estimate for VSL of $7.4 million ($2006), updated to the year of the analysis, be used in all benefits analyses that seek to 

quantify mortality risk reduction benefits regardless of the age, income, or other population characteristics of the affected population.

Figure 2. Equipment Retrofitted, Replaced, or Repowered by DERA 2008

and 2009/2010 Grants

Agriculture, 39

City / County

Vehicle, 587 

Delivery

Truck,832

Emergency

Vehicle, 18 

LongHaul

Trucks,

9,964 

Construction, 1,149 

Ports and

Airports,

1,165 

Rail, 144 

Refuse

Hauler,

572 

SchoolBus,

8,094 

Short Haul

Trucks, 61 

Stationary, 6 

Transit

Bus, 319 

Other,

2,503
9 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 9

Grant Funding Has Delivered Multiple Benefits

Improved Air Quality and Generated Health Benefits

When grantees have retrofitted, rebuilt, or repowered engines or vehicles; switched to cleaner fuels; 

installed idle reduction technologies; or pursued another clean diesel strategy, the resulting air quality 

benefits have been immediate. For every dollar EPA has invested in clean diesel, the public has received 

$7 to $18 in health benefits, depending on the particular type of vehicle and technology combination. 

Additionally, grants have attracted matching funds from other government agencies, private organizations, industry, and nonprofit organizations, which have invested as much as $3 for every dollar 

provided by the grant.

For example, the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources was able to expand 

its $1.7 million award into a total investment of $9.3 million. This project repowered 14 marine vessels, 

installed 160 auxiliary power units, purchased 55 model year 2010 heavy duty trucks, retrofitted 186 

school buses with diesel oxidation catalysts and closed crankcase ventilation systems, and funded 10 

other equipment replacements and retrofits.

Assisted State and Local Governments

Funding has assisted state and local governments, which need to demonstrate compliance with federal 

air quality regulations such as the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for PM and ozone. These 

agencies have used funding to reduce diesel emissions, while retaining the independence to choose 

which eligible vehicles and verified technologies best meet their communities’ needs. The language in 

Diesel Exhaust Health Effects

Direct emissions from diesel engines, especially PM2.5, NOX, and sulfur oxides (SOX), contribute 

to health problems. In addition, NOX

 contributes to the formation of ozone and PM through 

chemical reactions.

PM2.5 has been associated with an increased risk of premature mortality, increased hospital 

admissions for heart and lung disease, and increased respiratory symptoms. Long-term exposure to components of diesel exhaust, including diesel PM and diesel exhaust organic gases, 

are likely to pose a lung cancer hazard. Exposure to ozone can aggravate asthma and other 

respiratory symptoms, leading to more asthma attacks, the use of additional medication, more 

severe symptoms that require a doctor’s attention, more lost school and work days, more visits 

to the emergency room, increased hospitalizations, and even premature mortality. People in 

many areas of the United States experience short-term (one to three hours) and prolonged 

ozone exposures (six to eight hours), which have been linked to diminished lung function, 

greater respiratory symptoms, and increased hospital visits. Repeated exposure to ozone 

can increase susceptibility to respiratory infection and lung inflammation and can aggravate preexisting asthma. At sufficient concentrations, ozone can even cause permanent 

damage to the lungs, including the development of chronic respiratory illnesses. 

Children, outdoor workers, those who exercise outdoors, people with heart and 

lung disease, and the elderly are most at risk.

The technologies used in DERA grants can reduce PM emissions by up to 

95 percent, HC and NOX

 by up to 90 percent, and greenhouse gases by up 

to 20 percent. Each of these reductions makes an immediate and positive 

impact on public health.
10 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

the reauthorization of DERA also allows DERA funds to be used for local and state mandates. In addition, funds may be used for measures included under State Implementation Plans (SIPs).

Approximately 70% of competitive projects have taken place in nonattainment areas for PM2.5 (per the 

2006 standard) or 8-hour ozone (per the 2008 standard).6

 In addition, most projects initiated in areas 

of attainment address localized areas of pollution such as near ports, railyards, or bus depots to benefit 

those disproportionately affected by diesel exhaust.

Fostered Clean Diesel Projects on Tribal Lands, Territories, and Islands

Tribal grants are another important component of the program’s commitment to environmental justice. 

EPA has awarded more than $2 million for eight tribal grants in Minnesota, California, Alaska, Arizona, 

Washington, and Iowa. The tribal projects have retrofitted or replaced school buses, refuse haulers, 

transport buses, utility vehicles, fishing vessels, and mining equipment.

DERA began funding projects in the District of Columbia in FY 2009, adding Puerto Rico in FY 2011. 

DERA’s most recent authorization that took effect on October 1, 2011, allows Guam, the United States 

Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands to receive 

federal funds for clean diesel projects.

6 The percentage of projects taking place in 2011 in non-attainment areas was calculated using the EPA Office of Air and Radiation’s most 

recent National Ambient Air Quality Standards, which can be found at www.epa.gov/air/criteria.html.

Figure 3. Applications and Funding Requested vs. Awarded for the DERA

National Competition

DERA 08 DERA 09/10 DERA 08 DERA 09/10

Funds Awarded

Funds Requested

Grants Awarded

Number of Applications and Awards

Funds Requested and Awarded (in millions)

Applications Submitted

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

$600

$500

$400

$300

$200

$100

$0
11 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 11

Tribal Communities Use EPA Grants 

to Support Clean Diesel Projects

EPA awarded eight tribal grants totaling more than $2 million in FY 2009/2010 and FY 2011. In 

the months prior to the FY 2009/2010 Request for Proposals, EPA encouraged tribal participation by attending conferences and reaching out to eligible entities. Tribal or tribal coalitions 

with jurisdiction over transportation or air quality could apply on their own or partner with 

nonprofit organizations that work with diesel fleet operators to reduce pollution. These projects retrofitted or repowered school buses, utility vehicles, mining equipment, refuse haulers, 

fishing vessels, and a generator in eight tribal communities in Minnesota, California, Arizona, 

Washington, Iowa, and Alaska.

Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians 

Retrofit School Buses

$78,000 DERA 2009/2010 grant

$18,300 in matching funds

The Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians, located 

in Riverside, California, received a $78,000 FY 

2009/2010 grant to retrofit six school buses. The 

diesel particulate filters they installed will reduce 

CO and PM emissions by 90 percent annually.

Buses in this fleet travel nearly 700 miles per day and serve children at 16 reservations in 

southern California. The buses travel through Riverside, San Diego, and San Bernardino 

counties. All three are heavily populated, and Riverside and San Bernardino are among the 

areas of the country with the highest air pollution levels. In addition, the Soboba Tribe hopes 

to maximize the impact of this project by educating other tribes on the importance of using 

this technology and partnering with them in similar efforts.

DERA in Action
12 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

DERA Program Structure Reflects National and

State Interests

The DERA program has two parts: a state allocation component, titled the State Clean Diesel Grant 

Program, and a national program. The state program has received 30 percent of the total funding. The 

national program has received the remaining 70 percent and consists of three separate competitive 

programs:

Â The National Clean Diesel Funding Assistance Program

Â The National Clean Diesel Emerging Technologies Program

Â The SmartWay Clean Diesel Finance Program

Components of the National Clean Diesel Campaign

National Clean Diesel

Funding Assistance Program

SmartWay Finance

Clean Diesel Program

State Grant Program

Clean Diesel Emerging

Technologies Program

National Clean

Diesel Program

Awarded approximately $250 million in

grants, including funds to tribal nations

Seven regional collaboratives administer

the grant competition

Dedicated to deploying verified and

certified technologies

Awarded approximately

$30 million in grants

Provides opportunities to advance

cutting-edge technologies

Awarded approximately $50 million in grants

Establishes innovative finance models

to provide funding to fleets

Awarded approximately $130 million in

grants to all 50 states, the District of

Columbia, and island territorities

Direct funding assistance to states for diesel

emissions reduction sub-grants and loans

Regional Clean Diesel Collaboratives Have Fostered Local Approaches

Reducing diesel emissions is a shared responsibility, and EPA encourages collaboration among key 

stakeholders from state and local government agencies (including EPA Regional Offices), environmental 

and community organizations, fleet owners/operators, private industry, and others to pool talent and 

resources to achieve better air quality through clean diesel initiatives. These seven regional Clean Diesel 

Collaboratives are diverse, multi-stakeholder groups that leverage funds, provide technical assistance, 

nurture partnerships, and pursue local approaches to mitigating diesel emissions.

By linking regional stakeholders and coordinating efforts, the Collaboratives are able to achieve significant emissions reductions across large geographic areas (see Figure 4, “Regional Clean Diesel Collaboratives”). For more information about the Collaboratives, please see Appendix F.
13 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 13

Figure 4. Regional Clean Diesel Collaboratives

ME

VTNH

MA

RI

NJ

DE

MD

VA DC

OH

KY

MI

SC

NC

FL

AL

WV

GA

TN

IN

AR

MO

OK

KS

IL

IA

WI

MN

NE

SD

MT ND

WY

CO

NM AZ

UT

NV

CA

OR

ID

WA

AK

CT

MS

TX LA

PA

NY

PR

HI

West Coast

Blue Skyways

Southeast

Midwest

Mid-Atlantic

Northeast Rocky Mountain

Funding for States and U.S. Territories

The State Clean Diesel Grant Program is a formula allocation program in which all 50 states are 

eligible. The District of Columbia became eligible beginning in FY 2009 and Puerto Rico in FY 

2011. The DERA Reauthorization signed in January 2011, authorizes Guam, the United States 

Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands to 

receive funding. Thirty percent of appropriated DERA funds must be allocated to the states to 

implement grant and loan programs for clean diesel projects. From 2008 to 2010, the states 

received $133.6 million through this program.

DERA Tools and Resources

EPA has taken steps to expand the adoption of clean diesel technologies. To this end, EPA has provided 

informative and useful tools to the general public and diesel equipment operators and will continue 

to engage directly with transport companies across the country in a voluntary initiative to reduce their 

use of diesel fuel. EPA has also helped manufacturers introduce new clean diesel technologies to the 

marketplace.

Emerging Technologies Program

Since its formation, the Emerging Technologies (ET) program has played an important role in encouraging the development of cutting-edge pollution reduction solutions and bringing the next generation 

of emissions-reducing technologies to market. This program has expedited technologies under development through the verification or certification process so that they can be quickly and widely adopted 

by fleets in marine, locomotive, nonroad, and highway applications around the country.
14 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

The ET program has served as an initial step for technologies to obtain full verification. To date, more 

than 10 different emerging technology participants have benefitted from partnering with fleets to 

demonstrate and improve 17 different technologies.

To read more about the ET program and other clean diesel technologies, please visit www.epa.gov/

cleandiesel/verification/verif-list.htm or www.epa.gov/cleandiesel/verification/emerg-list.htm.

SmartWay Finance Program

The SmartWay Finance Clean Diesel Program is an NCDC grant competition that has awarded DERA 

funds for innovative finance programs to provide financial incentives, such as low-cost loans and loan 

guarantees, to fleet owners for the purchase of fuel-saving and emission control technologies and 

vehicle replacements. Since 2008, grants totaling almost $50 million have been awarded to organizations to establish financing programs that assist small and medium-sized fleet owners in purchasing 

cleaner, more fuel-efficient trucks and equipment.

Additionally, the SmartWay technology program is closely 

integrated with DERA’s verification efforts. Technical staff 

has evaluated the efficiency and emissions performance 

of technical and operational strategies with a focus on idle 

reduction, truck and trailer aerodynamic components, lowrolling-resistance tires, and retrofit technologies. Vehicles 

including tractor-trailers that meet performance criteria 

have earned SmartWay designation.

For more information about SmartWay, visit www.epa.gov/smartway.

SM
15 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 15

Public Outreach

EPA offers the public technical tools to learn about and explore environmental issues and solutions, 

including clean diesel activities, in their area. One such tool is a new interactive application called 

MyEnvironment, which displays outcomes of clean diesel projects as well as information about organizations, technologies, and health benefits associated with the projects. For more information, visit www.

epa.gov/myenvironment.

Additionally, NCDC expanded on past work with school bus fleets and Scholastic, Inc., by releasing a 

Spanish translation of The Magic School Bus Gets Cleaned Up (El Autobús Mágico Necesita una Limpieza.) 

The book’s launch was held in Biloxi, Mississippi, in March 2012. More than 1,000 children from across 

the state were in attendance to participate in interactive activities to learn about environmental issues 

including air pollution and celebrate the book’s release.

Mississippi Cleans Its Entire Fleet of School Buses

The state of Mississippi has cleaned its entire fleet of eligible school buses, and now 100 

percent of these buses meet the newest emission standards or are equipped with emission 

control devices. Bolstered by DERA funding, Mississippi has raised additional money to replace 

52 buses and to equip 2,000 more with emissions-reducing technologies. Nearly 500,000 

children in Mississippi benefit each day from riding clean school buses. In addition, Mississippi 

counties along the Gulf of Mexico have implemented an idle education program, for which 

several schools conduct studies to evaluate the amount of idling that occurs around school 

grounds in an effort to further reduce children’s exposure to diesel exhaust.
16 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
17 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 17

I

n every state, some Americans now breathe cleaner air thanks to funding awarded through the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program. DERA 

grants have had an immediate and positive impact on public health and 

air quality. The initial funding in 2008 established a firm foundation for the 

program and FY 2009/2010 grants fine-tuned the award process to increase overall cost-effectiveness.

2008: DERA’s Debut

In FY 2008, the DERA program made its debut. In its first grant cycle, EPA received four times as many 

applications as it could fund, ensuring that the first round of projects would be strong candidates

for success.

With a total of nearly $50 million awarded to establish 119 projects, grantees upgraded more than 

14,000 vehicles or pieces of equipment. These projects reduced 22,700 tons of NOX

, 2,700 tons of PM, 

4,200 tons of HC, 15,900 tons of CO, and 289,900 tons of CO2

. The 2008 grants provided approximately 

$644 million to $1.6 billion in health benefits and saved nearly 26 million gallons of fuel.

For a complete list of grants, including sector, technology, and total funding, please see Appendix A.

Figure 5. DERA 2008 Grants: Retrofitted or Replaced Diesel Engines

School Buses,

5,775 

Short Haul

Trucks,

1,606

Transit Buses, 306

LongHaul

Trucks, 

4,495

Nonroad, 936 

Ports, 540

Rail, 64 

2. Highlights of the DERA 2008 and 

2009/2010 Grants
18 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

Figure 6. Technologies Used in the FY 2008 DERA Grants

1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000

Biodiesel 628 

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) 23 

Fuel-Efficient Tires 7 

Closed Crankcase Ventilation (CCV) 4,115 

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) 6,942 

Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) 2,636 

Other 29

Partial Flow Filter (PFF) 87

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) 45 

Hybrid Replacement 132 

Repower 158 

Vehicle/Engine Replacement 291 

Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) 1,550 

Direct Fired Heater (DFH) 470 

Engine Shutdown 213 

Other 27 

Truck Stop Electrification (TSE) 44 

Aero /Tire/

Fuel 

Emissions Control

Devices

Engine

Replacement/

Repower 

Idling Control

Strategies 

Number of Technologies

Clean Diesel Technologies

Montgomery County Children

Ride Clean Buses to School

$700,000 DERA FY 2008 grant

The Montgomery County (Maryland) 

public schools received almost $700,000 

in 2008 to reduce emissions from their 

school bus fleet. Montgomery County 

used those funds to equip 86 buses with 

diesel particulate filters. These filters 

reduce PM emissions by over 85 percent, 

which is especially important for children 

in Montgomery County with asthma who 

ride the buses every day. By reducing 

pollution from its school buses, Montgomery County has healthier students 

and cleaner air for all its residents.

DERA in Action
19 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 19

Miami Replaces Refuse Haulers With Cleaner,

More Fuel-Efficient Model

$700,000 DERA grant

$2.1 million in matching funds

The city of Miami, Florida, received approximately $700,000 in DERA funding in 2009 to replace 

10 refuse haulers with cleaner, more fuel-efficient models, including four early model hydraulic 

hybrids. These hybrids use regenerative braking to save fuel by as much as 30 percent. The 

fuel savings reduce CO2

 emissions by approximately 30 tons per vehicle per year. Other benefits include less brake wear, lower engine noise, and overall lower operating cost.

Hydraulic hybrid refuse haulers can operate at low speeds (zero to about 30 miles per hour) 

on the hydraulic system without using any diesel fuel. The hydraulic system is recharged by 

braking and, given the typical route of a refuse hauler, there are usually many start-and-stops 

throughout the work day.

DERA in Action

These fuel-efficient hydraulic hybrid refuse haulers now operate throughout Miami.
20 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

Government Partnership in Missouri Cuts

Pollution and Reduces Fuel Consumption

$725,000 DERA FY 2008 grant

$1.2 million in matching funds

The Missouri Department of Transportation teamed 

up with the Missouri Department of Natural Resources to upgrade 132 municipal vehicles. They received a 

$725,000 DERA grant in 2008 and raised more than a 

million dollars in matching funds to accomplish their 

goal and reduce diesel exhaust. Throughout this project, two state agencies successfully worked together 

to promote idle reduction and other emissionsreducing technologies throughout the state. Through 

implementation of this project, over 1,000 tons of 

diesel emissions will be reduced from the project 

vehicles over their lifetimes.

DERA in Action

A Recovery Act grant to Minnesota’s Project Green Fleet funded APUs for two Twin Cities & Western Railroad Company trains to reduce 

pollution from idling.
21 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 21

2009/2010: Creating Efficiencies

In both FY 2009 and FY 2010, the DERA program received an appropriation of $60 million, which EPA 

combined to create a single funding competition of $120 million to establish clean diesel projects. 

Combining the two award years streamlined the Request for Proposals process and gave applicants the 

opportunity to propose larger, more impactful projects.

For FY 2009/2010, EPA received over 350 applications and the funding requested outweighed available 

dollars by five to one. In late 2010, EPA awarded 84 grants totaling $120 million.

These grants will provide estimated lifetime emissions reductions of 50,600 tons of NOX

, 2,600 tons of 

PM, 3,600 tons of HC, 9,300 tons of CO, and 706,000 tons of CO2

 with fuel savings of nearly 63 million 

gallons. These grants provide lifetime health benefits of $728 million to $1.8 billion.

For a complete list of grants, including sector, technology, and total funding, please see Appendix A.

Figure 7. DERA 2009/2010 Grants: Retrofitted or Replaced Diesel Engines

School Buses,

2,222

Short Haul

Trucks, 536

Transit Buses, 92

LongHaul

Trucks,

5,580

Nonroad, 432

Ports, 531

Rail, 82

More applicants requested grants for repower and replacement projects in FY 2009/2010 than in 

FY 2008. DERA funding for replacement and repowers is especially helpful to small business owners 

because it makes vehicle upgrades and emissions reductions affordable. Many of these replacements, 

especially in the marine, port, and rail sectors, take place in environmental justice areas and create emissions reductions for multiple pollutants—lowering NOX

, PM, HC, CO, and CO2.
22 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

Figure 8. Technologies Used in the FY 2009/2010 DERA Grants

50 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000

Biodiesel

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

Fuel-Efficient Tires

Trailer Side Skirts

Trailer Tails

Closed Crankcase Ventilation (CCV)

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)

Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)

Other

Partial Flow Filter (PFF)

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)

Hybrid Replacement

Repower

Vehicle/Engine Replacement

Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)

Direct Fired Heater (DFH)

Other

Truck Stop Electrification (TSE)

Aero /Tire/

Fuel 

Emissions Control

Devices

Engine

Replacement/

Repower 

Idling Control

Strategies 

133 

44

35

2,162 

100 

667 

2,544 

303 

11 

30 

11 

2 

279 

1,184 

1,090 

1,722 

126 

507 

Number of Technologies

Clean Diesel Technologies

California Repowers Switcher

Locomotives to Clean Rail Yards

$3,949,500 DERA 2009/2010 grant

$1,050,500 in matching funds

The California Air Resources Board received 

$3,949,496 in FY 2009/2010 to repower four aging 

locomotives that operate in the South Coast, the San 

Joaquin Valley, and the San Francisco Air Basins with 

modern Tier 3 engines.

These locomotives, also known as generator set 

switch locomotives, can have an operational lifetime 

of more than 30 years. Switch locomotives typically 

operate in and around rail yards to put trains together 

and move railcars between rail yards.

Each repowered locomotive can reduce NOX

 emissions by about 235 tons and PM emissions by 11 tons.

DERA in Action
23 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 23

7 Calculated by NESCAUM using the 2005 National Inventory Emissions Database.

NESCAUM’s Tower Gantry Crane Repower 

Project in the New York Metropolitan Area

$1,420,000 DERA 2009/2010 grant

$408,000 in matching funds

Gantry cranes are used in every highrise construction project and are the 

most visible pieces of equipment on 

any construction site. Their engines (and 

other heavy-duty diesel engines) emit 

a significant amount of diesel emissions 

into the air, contributing approximately 9 

percent and 11 percent of the New York 

Metropolitan Area’s total NOX

 and PM 

emissions, respectively.7

The Northeast States for Coordinated Air 

Use Management (NESCAUM), partnered 

with Cornell & Company, Inc., is repowering 17 tower gantry cranes equipped 

with unregulated engines with newer, 

cleaner EPA-certified engines.

The gantry cranes targeted by this project are most frequently operated in urban centers to 

help build commercial and residential skyscrapers. Emissions from major urban construction 

projects can make poor air quality even worse for local, highly dense populations.

This project will significantly reduce emissions of NOX

 and diesel PM within New York and New 

Jersey, with a secondary benefit to Pennsylvania and other areas outside the New York metro 

area. Cornell & Company, Inc., Equipment Manager Donald Garrahan stated, “We have served 

the Northeast USA for many years and are enthusiastic about the prospect of improving air 

quality and living conditions in our home marketplace.”

DERA in Action

Two Cornell Tower Gantry Cranes operating in Lower Manhattan 

at the site of Three World Trade Center.
24 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
25 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 25

E

PA received $300 million through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (Recovery Act) for “shovel-ready” clean diesel projects 

in 2009. These funds expanded the program’s ability to establish 

large-scale projects that could deliver more reductions, such as repowering 

generators on ships and locomotives. As of September 30, 2011, the clean diesel Recovery Act projects 

sustained and created more than 3,000 jobs.8

 Many DERA-related jobs advance green employment opportunities through the development, manufacture, and installation of clean diesel technologies.

More than 600 applicants seeking $1.7 billion responded to the program’s Request for Proposals for 

Recovery Act funding—nearly seven applications for every one awarded, requesting $10 for every dollar available. These applicants proposed $2.2 billion in matching funds. In mid-2009, EPA awarded 160 

projects across the country.

For a complete list of Recovery Act grants, please see Appendix A.

In total, the Recovery Act projects save more than 116 million gallons of fuel. They also reduce approximately 130,600 lifetime tons of NOX

, 7,200 tons of PM, 10,200 tons of HC, 22,800 tons of CO, and 

1,309,100 tons of CO2

, creating health benefits of $2 billion to $4.9 billion.

Once EPA received the funds, it acted quickly to competitively award the funding and establish 160 

new projects nationwide. On March 27, 2009, EPA awarded its first Recovery Act grant under the DERA 

program to the state of Colorado. Colorado received $1.73 million to retrofit nearly 1,000 school buses, 

creating service-related jobs and reducing Colorado’s children’s exposure to diesel exhaust.

8 This jobs estimate was created based on self-reported information from Recovery Act grant recipients according to the Office of 

Management and Budget’s guidance on job reporting.

3. American Recovery and 

Reinvestment Act: A Boost for DERA

NESCAUM received a $1.65 million Recovery Act grant and used part of it to repower this New Hampshire sightseeing boat’s engine.
26 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

Figure 9. Vehicles Retrofitted With Recovery Act Grants

School Buses,

11,615

Short Haul

Trucks,

3,780

Transit Buses, 572

LongHaul

Trucks,

9,911

Nonroad, 2,250

Ports, 783

Rail, 131

Portland, Oregon, Cleans Up

Construction Equipment

$400,000 DERA 2008 grant

$1.5 million DERA Recovery Act grant

$54,000 in matching funds

EPA awarded two grants totaling about $2 million 

to reduce diesel pollution in the Portland area: a 

grant in FY 2008 for approximately $400,000 to the 

Portland-Multnomah Clean Diesel Partnership and 

a Recovery Act grant in 2009 for more than $1.5 

million to the City of Portland Clean Diesel Partnership. The City of Portland, the Oregon Department 

of Environmental Quality, and Multnomah County 

provided matching funds for the projects. These 

grants supported clean diesel technology devices 

on public fleets and construction equipment operating in environmental justice neighborhoods.

The Partnership Project has also implemented an idle reduction policy and a pilot program to 

hire contractors who use clean diesel equipment. Today, the City of Portland Clean Diesel Partnership Project is well on its way to achieving regional goals to reduce emissions from public 

fleets and construction equipment.

DERA in Action
27 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 27

Figure 10. Technologies Used in the Recovery Act Grants

2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000

Biodiesel

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

Fuel-Efficient Tires

Trailer Side Skirts

Trailer Tails

Closed Crankcase Ventilation (CCV)

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)

Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)

Other

Lean NOX

 Catalyst

Partial Flow Filter (PFF)

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)

Hybrid Replacement

Repower

Vehicle/Engine Replacement

Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)

Direct Fired Heater (DFH)

Other

Engine Shutdown

Truck Stop Electrification (TSE)

Aero /Tire/

Fuel 

Emissions Control

Devices

Engine

Replacement/

Repower 

Idling Control

Strategies 

149 

198 

293 

2,815 

789 

3,613 

10,174 

5,006 

43 

333 

100 

297 

208 

1,033 

2,520 

3,810 

1,544 

613 

111 

484 

Number of Technologies

Clean Diesel Technologies
28 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

Chesapeake Bay Repowers Old Engines

$1,300,000 DERA Recovery Act grant 

$747,000 in matching funds

The Chesapeake Bay Foundation (CBF) is a nonprofit 

organization dedicated to improving and maintaining the 

environmental quality of the Chesapeake Bay and its rivers 

and streams. Nitrogen is the number one pollutant of the 

Bay’s watershed, and much of the air pollution comes from 

NOX

 emissions.

One of CBF’s strategies to reduce nitrogen pollution is to 

focus on cleaning up operations of the marine community. 

Large commercial tug boats, local fishing vessels, and other recreational and commercial boats 

regularly traverse the Bay, and repowering older diesel engines with newer, cleaner ones can 

reduce NOX

, reducing the amount of nitrogen that could be absorbed from the air by the 

waterbody. To assist with this effort, EPA awarded CBF a Recovery Act grant of $1.3 million. CBF 

provided an additional $547,294 and leveraged $200,000 more to purchase and install new 

engines in six CBF education vessels, four working boats, and one tug boat.

This project has benefitted a wide range of boat users. For example, CBF uses the six repowered education vessels as floating classrooms where instructors teach students (grades 

6–12), teachers, principals, and other school administrators about the Bay’s unique ecology. 

The repowered engines on the education vessels provide a learning opportunity to demonstrate the connection between air pollution and water pollution for students 

and teachers. CBF has also partnered 

with Tangier Sound commercial watermen and ferry and charter boat captains 

to repower their workboats with cleaner 

engines that reduce diesel emissions. 

Workboats are used for commercial and 

recreational fishing and as passenger 

ferries for excursions and fishing charters. The repowered engines in these 

workboats help reduce fuel usage and 

air emissions.

DERA in Action
29 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 29

Minnesota’s Project Green Fleet

Helps Clear the Air

$3,000,000 DERA Recovery Act grant

$647,800 in matching funds

Project Green Fleet works to help Minnesota avoid a nonattainment designation for its air quality. Part of this project 

involves installing diesel oxidation catalysts, diesel particulate 

filters, auxiliary power units, and other idle reduction technologies on everything from school buses and municipal vehicles to 

construction equipment and trains.

In July 2009, EPA awarded a Recovery Act grant for $3 million 

to support Project Green Fleet to retrofit nearly 600 pieces of 

on-road and off-road equipment in Minnesota. These upgrades 

included the installation of 390 pieces of exhaust control equipment, 200 pieces of idle reduction equipment, 25 engine repowers, and two vehicle replacements. In addition, the project 

implemented a statewide outreach and communications strategy to increase public awareness about the negative environmental and health consequences of diesel pollution.

Project Green Fleet has reduced NOX

 emissions by more than 180 tons and PM by 13 tons 

annually. Today, thanks to this innovative program, Minnesotans are breathing easier and 

enjoying a healthier environment, and they are more aware of efforts to reduce diesel engine 

pollution.

DERA in Action

Photo courtesy of the Blue Cross 

and Blue Shield of Minnesota 

Foundation.
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31 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 31

Challenges and Lessons Learned

E

PA has been successful in providing immediate health benefits by 

reducing diesel emissions in a cost-effective manner. With more than 

three years of experience awarding grants in this sector, EPA has encountered and learned from some challenges.

Effective Management and Tracking of Grants Helps Projects Meet Goals

For each award competition, EPA has employed rigorous selection criteria. The Requests for Proposals 

that EPA has issued require very detailed information from applicants about their project plans, budgets, and estimated emissions reductions. Once grants are awarded, the recipient must submit quarterly progress reports, and Recovery Act grant recipients submit online reports for job tracking purposes. 

Additionally, EPA has used audits to monitor grant progress. About a quarter of grants received onsite 

audits in 2010.

EPA also tracks projects in the Database for Reporting Innovative Emissions Reductions (DRIVER), which 

provides real-time funding information. In this manner, grant coordinators are able to easily track the 

more than 500 DERA-funded projects, plus another 1,000 clean diesel projects nationwide.

EPA’s Office of Inspector General (OIG) conducted one audit on the DERA program in March 2010 and 

two in March 2011.9

 The OIG found program strengths in the award process and staff knowledge about 

the grants, but suggested areas for improvement, including a need for additional technical guidance 

for grant managers and recipients. The DERA staff implemented these recommendations to manage 

grants more effectively, such as enhanced training for EPA grant project officers and grantees. EPA also 

provided additional training and information on clean diesel technologies.

9 The March 2010 report can be found at www.epa.gov/oig/reports/2010/20100323-10-R-0082.pdf. The two March 2011 reports can be 

found at www.recovery.gov/Accountability/inspectors/Documents/20110301-11-R-0141_ARRA.pdf and www.recovery.gov/Accountability/

inspectors/Documents/20110328-11-R-0179_ARRA.pdf.

4. Looking to the Future
32 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

Product Delivery Delays May Prevent Grantees From Reaching Their 

Project Deadlines

At times, grantees have encountered delays in product delivery, which has in turn delayed project implementation. For example, grant recipients placed a large number of Recovery Act orders to product 

vendors in a short time frame, which created a bottleneck in the processing and delivery of technology 

and equipment. Furthermore, some materials are used in multiple verified and emerging technologies, 

so unforeseen manufacturing delays affected a variety of clean diesel projects.

The grantees’ progress is tied to the volume of technology orders and vendor capacity. To help grantees overcome this obstacle, in situations where delays are unavoidable and out of the grant recipient’s 

control, EPA offered a no-cost extension so grantees could complete the project. In addition, to prevent 

product back orders and delays, EPA maintains regular communication with national vendors regarding 

their supply and notifies the Regional Collaboratives when such problems do occur for grant planning 

purposes.

Macroeconomic Trends Impact Project Partners

Sometimes macroeconomic trends have an unforeseen impact on project planning and progress. 

Over the past few years, EPA witnessed how the economic downturn prevented some grant recipients’ 

project partners from finding fleets and generating matching funds. This caused delays in the projects 

while grantees sought new partners.

To hedge against the impacts of larger economic downturns, EPA now encourages grant applicants 

and recipients to identify multiple potential project partners in case one is unable to participate.

The San Diego County Air Pollution Control District received a $1.6 million Recovery Act grant to replace or retrofit over 125 buses.
33 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 33

Clean Diesel Opportunities

The DERA program has been successful in reducing pollution from the legacy fleet of diesel engines, 

and recent funding competitions continue to generate applications. For FY 2011, EPA received 179 applications requesting $312 million, or $6 for every one EPA had available. EPA awarded 48 competitive 

grants, in addition to the state awards. For FY 2012 EPA received 93 applications requesting $131 million, 

or approximately $5 for every one EPA had available. These projects will continue to chip away at diesel 

emissions from the legacy fleet.

Fiscal Year 2012 and Beyond

Almost four years of DERA implementation have 

provided EPA with information on more than 500 

grants across the country. Analysis of the results of 

these grants has allowed EPA to more finely hone 

criteria for evaluating and assessing clean diesel 

project applications. Factors such as useful life of 

the engines, model year, vehicle-miles-traveled, 

cost, type and quantity of reductions of pollution, 

technology specifications, and location all play a 

role in the effectiveness of any given project. More 

specific evaluation criteria ensure that projects are 

the most effective and conducted in the areas of 

greatest need.

EPA awarded $30 million in FY 2012 for new clean 

diesel projects. Under the national grant competition, EPA refined its Request for Proposals to 

encourage the most cost-effective and impactful 

projects. EPA assigned points to project proposals taking place in locations that have been designated nonattainment areas or in places that receive 

a disproportionate amount of diesel emissions, such as ports and railyards. EPA also assigned points to 

encourage participants to submit proposals that included certain model year vehicles paired with verified technology to maximize emission reductions over the lifetimes of the vehicles.

In January 2011, DERA was reauthorized through 2016, allowing up to $100 million in appropriations for 

each fiscal year. DERA’s reauthorization also allows for a rebate program, thus diversifying the types of 

financial tools that EPA has to reduce emissions from diesel vehicles. Rebates could streamline the funding process, providing immediate financial incentives directly to fleets that retrofit and replace older 

diesel engines. In fall 2012, EPA plans to pilot this concept by offering $2 million in rebates to school bus 

fleet owners. EPA will collect applications and randomly select recipients from the pool of eligible applicants and vehicles. Limiting eligibility to specific model years, requiring the scrappage of old vehicles, 

and other requirements will apply. Any future rebate program could focus on other diesel emission 

reduction strategies, fleets, or locations.

The DERA program has shown that retrofits and engine replacements are effective in reducing emissions and provided valuable lessons in how to administer clean diesel programs. Going forward, EPA 

plans to sharpen its focus on any remaining areas of disproportionate exposure to emissions from diesel 

engines, and ensure that clean diesel projects are as cost-effective as possible. EPA recognizes the 

limited availability of federal funding and has proposed to transition the program to greater reliance on 

state and local efforts to address diesel emissions from legacy fleets.

Virginia Clean Cities received a $1 million Recovery Act grant 

from the DERA program. This money funded four projects 

throughout Virginia that retrofitted school buses, transit buses, 

and refuse haulers.
34 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

In FY 2013 the Agency will pilot a new approach that will target specific fleets in high diesel exposure 

areas such as near ports and freight distribution hubs and other disproportionately affected communities. The new strategy would allocate funds to a new rebate program established under DERA’s 

reauthorization, and to grants, in part, for finance mechanisms that help fleets reduce diesel emissions. 

EPA believes the rebate, grant, and finance programs may allow greater precision in scrapping certain 

model years of vehicles and equipment and assisting public and private fleet owners with retrofitting 

or replacing those engines.

As the program looks ahead to the challenges of cleaner movement of goods through the nation’s 

supply chain, reducing black carbon pollution, and assisting environmentally challenged communities, 

DERA will continue to follow its guiding principles for all future implementation:

Â Target areas and populations that are disproportionately affected by diesel emissions.

Â Continue to reduce pollution from diesel engines by partnering with key stakeholders.

Â Provide assistance to state and local governments in the development of their own clean diesel 

programs.

Â Continue working with states to provide numerous and effective clean diesel technology options 

to project partners.

Â Continue confirming emission performance of verified technologies in the field.

Â Maximize health benefits from clean diesel projects.

36 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
37 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 37

Appendix A: National Clean Diesel Funding Assistance Program

FY 2008 Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount* Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

CA CALSTART, Inc. $678,459 Construction, Delivery Truck, Transit Buses Retrofits

CA Kern County Superintendents of Schools $540,000 School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District $553,360 Long Haul Trucks, School Bus, Short Haul Retrofits

CA South Coast Air Quality Management District $1,000,000 Long Haul Trucks Retrofits

CO City and County of Denver $178,183 $87,059 Refuse Hauler, Utility Vehicle Idle Reduction

CO Colorado Department of Public Health $399,999 Construction, School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CO Regional Air Quality Council $455,645 Long Haul Trucks, Utility Vehicle Idle Reduction

CT Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection $49,867 Construction, Delivery Truck, Short Haul Retrofits

CT, MA, ME, 

NH, RI Environmental Defense Fund $400,000 $2,025,000 City/County Vehicle, Utility Vehicle Retrofits

CT, MA, ME, 

NH, RI Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management $319,301 $100,000 Construction Retrofits

DC Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments $486,866 Construction Replacement/Repower, Retrofits

FL City of St. Petersburg $396,709 $5,745 Construction, Delivery Truck, Short Haul Clean/Alt Fuels

GA Georgia Ports Authority $250,000 $33,075 Marine, Ports and Airports Retrofits

ID Idaho Department of Environmental Quality $481,303 School Bus Retrofits

IL Illinois Environmental Protection Agency $678,604 Delivery Truck, Long Haul Trucks, Refuse 

Hauler, School Bus, Short Haul, Transit Buses

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

IN Elkton Pigeon Bay/Laker School District $251,100 School Bus Clean/Alt Fuels, Idle Reduction, 

Retrofits

IN Indiana Department of Environmental Management $334,500 Long Haul Trucks, Rail, Transit Buses Idle Reduction, Retrofits

IN Northwest Indiana Forum Foundation, Inc. $164,032 Construction Replacement/Repower

KS Kansas Department of Health and Environment $1,525,524 Delivery Truck, Refuse Hauler, Transit Buses Retrofits

KY Kentucky Clean Fuels Coalition $383,442 $2,160,000 Ports and Airports Retrofits

MA Massachusetts Port Authority $382,397 $106,695 Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction

MA Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management $535,250 Rail Retrofits

MD Maryland Environmental Services $178,481 Construction Retrofits

MD Montgomery County Public Schools $699,501 $7,350 School Bus Retrofits

MI Lenawee Intermediate School District $145,337 School Bus Retrofits

* For FY 2008 grants, the amount listed is the final award amount. For FY 2009 ARRA and FY 2009–2010 grants, the amount listed is 

the initial award amount.
38 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

FY 2008 Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

MI Michigan Clean Energy Coalition $250,000 $271,690 Construction Retrofits

MI NextEnergy Center $250,000 $152,319 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction

MN Minnesota Environmental Initiative $400,000 City/County Vehicle, School Bus, Short Haul, 

Utility Vehicle Retrofits

MO Grace Hill Settlement House $454,050 School Bus Retrofits

MO Missouri Department of Natural Resources $725,972 Construction Replacement/Repower

NC Meckenburg County $750,000 $750,000 Agriculture, Construction, Long Haul Trucks, 

Ports and Airports Retrofits

NC North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural 

Resources $750,000 Construction Retrofits

NH Manchester Transit Authority $229,703 $5,652 Construction, Long Haul Trucks, School Bus, 

Utility Vehicle

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

NJ New Jersey Motor Truck Association $491,868 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Retrofits

NY Capital District Transportation Authority $125,000 Transit Buses Retrofits

NY Erie County Department of Environmental Planning $521,667 $72,278 School Bus Retrofits

NY Middle Country Central School District $359,305 $361,305 School Bus Clean/Alt Fuels

NY Ulster Board of Cooperative Educational Services $95,450 School Bus Retrofits

NY-NJ Port Authority of New York and New Jersey $750,000 Long Haul Trucks Retrofits

NY-NJ Port Authority of New York and New Jersey $280,500 $80,500 City/County Vehicle, Utility Vehicle Retrofits

OH Clean Fuels Ohio $412,554 City/County Vehicle, Long Haul Trucks, 

Utility Vehicle Retrofits

OH Ohio Environmental Council $238,996 $37,660 Ports and Airports, Refuse Hauler, Utility 

Vehicle Retrofits

OH Stark County Educational Service Center $465,364 School Bus Retrofits

OR City of Portland $393,814 Construction Replacement/Repower

PA Pennsylvania Department of Transportation $219,434 Rail Idle Reduction

SC South Carolina State Ports Authority $729,824 $963,502 Construction, Delivery Truck Retrofits

SD Sioux Falls School District $300,000 $300,000 School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TN Knox County Government $40,251 $23,056 Agriculture, Construction, Delivery Truck Retrofits

TX North Central Texas Council of Governments $750,000 $750,000 Construction Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TX North Central Texas Council of Governments $750,000 $1,500,000 Long Haul Trucks, Utility Vehicle Idle Reduction

TX Texas Commission on Environmental Quality $500,000 School Bus Retrofits

UT Utah Dept of Air Quality $399,955 $4,000 School Bus Retrofits

VA Virginia Port Authority $860,711 Rail Replacement/Repower

VT Chittenden Solid Waste District $198,926 $616,569 Refuse Hauler Retrofits

WA Puget Sound Clean Air Agency $850,000 Construction, Ports and Airports Retrofits

WI Wisconsin Department of Transportation $747,419 Construction Retrofits
39 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 39

The following grants were closed before work was performed, per grantee and EPA agreement. These recipients returned the EPA 

award money, which was then reprogammed to fund DERA 2009/2010 grants.

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

AZ City of Phoenix Transit Bus Replacement/Repower

IL Chicago Public Schools School Bus Retrofits

NY Scarsdale Union Free School District School Bus Retrofits

FY 2009 ARRA Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

AL, FL, GA, 

KY, MS, NC, 

SC, TN

American Lung Association $1.2 million $1,232,785 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

AR Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality $793,566 $100,541 Construction Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

AZ City of Phoenix Department of Public Works $829,697 City/County Vehicle Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) $2 million $4,162,636 Long Haul Trucks, Short Haul Retrofits

CA California Air Resources Board $8.89 million Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA California Department of Transportation $951,431 $52,456 Construction Retrofits

CA City of Los Angeles Harbor Department $1.99 million $675,250 Delivery Truck, Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA Port of Long Beach $4.01 million Ports and Airports Retrofits 

CA San Diego County Air Pollution Control District $1.56 million School Bus Retrofits 

CA San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District $2 million Agriculture Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District $4 million $39,150,000 School Bus Retrofits

CO City and County of Denver $700,000 City/County Vehicle, Construction, Refuse 

Hauler

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CO Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment $850,000 $774,000 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction

CO Regional Air Quality Council $1.25 million 

Construction, Long Haul Trucks, Refuse Hauler, 

School Bus, Utility Vehicle, Delivery Truck, 

Ports and Airports, City/County Vehicle

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CO, MT, ND, 

SD, UT, WY Cascade Sierra Solutions $850,000 Long Haul Trucks Retrofits

CT Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management $1.05 million Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CT, MA, ME, 

NH, RI, VT Cascade Sierra Solutions (SmartWay Rebate) $1.15 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction

FL City of Miami $731,850 $2,195,550 Refuse Hauler Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

FL Leon County School Board $347,288 $1,408,004 School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

FL Miami-Dade Agriculture $2 million Agriculture Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits
40 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

FY 2009 ARRA Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

FL Miami-Dade County $731,850 $2,243,150 Transit Buses Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

GA Cobb County Schools $829,697 $1,814,382 School Bus Retrofits

GA Georgia Department of Natural Resources $748,000 $187,000 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

GA Georgia Port Authority $164,000 Ports and Airports Retrofits

GA University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. $1.71 million City/County Vehicle, Emergency Vehicle, 

School Bus, Transit Buses, Utility Vehicle

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

IL City of Chicago Department of the Environment $1 million $337,500 City/County Vehicle, Construction, Long Haul 

Trucks, Short Haul, Utility Vehicle Idle Reduction, Retrofits

IL Illinois Environmental Protection Agency $4.17 million $2,072,744

Construction, Delivery Truck, Long Haul 

Trucks, Ports and Airports, Rail, School Bus, 

Transit Buses

Idle Reduction, Retrofits

IN, MN,

OH, WI American Lung Association—Upper Midwest $3.72 million $469,000

City/County Vehicle, Construction, Delivery 

Truck, Long Haul Trucks, School Bus, Short 

Haul, Transit Buses, Other

Idle Reduction, Retrofits

KS Johnson County Kansas Government $1 million $2,616,605 City/County Vehicle, Construction, Emergency 

Vehicle, Refuse Hauler

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

KS Kansas Department of Health and the Environment $4 million $1,842,250 Construction, Long Haul Trucks, Rail,

Short Haul

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

KY Kentucky Association of General Contractors $2 million Construction Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

LA Railroad Research Foundation $2.93 million $770,993 Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MA Chelsea Collaborative $1.56 million $10,000 Construction, Delivery Truck, Long Haul 

Trucks, Short Haul, Utility Vehicle Retrofits,

MA Chelsea Collaborative $357,946 $484,870 Construction, Ports and Airports, Stationary, 

Other Idle Reduction

MA Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection $502,500 Short Haul, Utility Vehicle Retrofits

MD Maryland Department of the Environment $1 million School Bus Retrofits

MD Port of Baltimore (Maryland Environmental Services) $3.5 million Long Haul Trucks, Marine, Ports and Airports, 

Rail

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MD, PA, VA Mid-Atlantic Regional Air Management Association $4.32 million $4,294,366 Long Haul Trucks, Marine, Ports and Airports, 

Rail, Transit Buses Retrofits

MD, VA Chesapeake Bay Foundation $1.3 million $200,000 Marine Retrofits

ME Maine Department of Environmental Protection $746,715 $238,088 Construction, Delivery Truck, Ports and 

Airports, Short Haul, Utility Vehicle, Other Retrofits

ME Maine Turnpike Authority $1.21 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction

ME, NH, VT Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management $1.65 million Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MI Great Lakes Commission $1.21 million $403,016 Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MI Greater Lansing Area Clean Cities $1.07 million $403,016 School Bus Retrofits

MI Lenawee School District $1.23 million School Bus Retrofits

MN Minnesota Environmental Initiative $3 million $489,185 Long Haul Trucks, Rail, School Bus, Short Haul Idle Reduction

MO Grace Hill $2 million $376,252

Delivery Truck, Emergency Vehicle, Long Haul 

Trucks, Marine, Ports and Airports, Refuse 

Hauler, School Bus

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits
41 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 41

FY 2009 ARRA Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

MO Missouri Department of Natural Resources $975,609 $2,401,550 Refuse Hauler, School Bus, Short Haul Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MS Columbus Municipal School District $1.45 million $1,377,177 School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MT Montana Department of Environmental Quality and 

Decker Coal $700,000 $233,333 Construction, Mining Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

NC Mecklenburg County $1.12 million $1,116,600 Agriculture, Construction, Delivery Truck, Long 

Haul Trucks, Ports and Airports, Refuse Hauler

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

NC North Carolina Department of Public Instruction $509,000 $267,000 School Bus Retrofits 

ND Mid-Dakota Education Cooperative $450,000 $524,970 School Bus Idle Reduction

NE Lincoln-Lancaster County Health Department $1 million $123,115 Rail, School Bus, Short Haul Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

NE University of Nebraska-Lincoln Nebraska Transportation 

Center (UNL/NTC) $1 million $3,131,800 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

NJ Cascade Sierra Solutions $1.4 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

NJ, NY Port Authority of New York and New Jersey $7 million $21,000,000 Ports and Airports, Short Haul Retrofits

NJ, NY, PR Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management $2.8 million $1,035,000 Marine Retrofits

NY CALSTART, Inc. $1.3 million $3,516,156 Delivery Truck Retrofits

NY Columbia University $2 million Construction, Long Haul Trucks, Short Haul Retrofits

NY New York State Department of Transportation $1.05 million $400,000 Rail Retrofits

NY Port Authority of New York and New Jersey $2.86 million $1,441,800 Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction

OH Hamilton County Environmental Services $1.08 million $3,240,000 School Bus Retrofits

OH Ohio Department of Development $5 million $2,765,331 Construction, Long Haul Trucks, Ports and 

Airports, Rail, School Bus Retrofits

OK Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality $1.85 million School Bus Retrofits 

OR Cascade Sierra Solutions—Trailer Aerodynamics Program $907,072 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

OR City of Portland $1.62 million City/County Vehicle, Construction Idle Reduction, Retrofits

PA Allegheny County Health Department $3.5 million Construction, Rail, Transit Buses Retrofits

PA Department of Environmental Protection $1.5 million Rail Retrofits

RI City of Providence $565,100 Construction, Short Haul, Utility Vehicle Retrofits

SC South Carolina Department of Education $553,918 $273,772 School Bus Idle Reduction 

SC South Carolina Port Authority $2 million $685,788 Marine, Ports and Airports, Short Haul Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

SD Sioux Falls School District $500,000 $430,000 Construction, School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TN East Tennessee Clean Fuel Coalition Crossville $581,849 $239,890 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction

TN Tennessee Department of Transportation $2 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TX City of Houston $2.37 million $7,097,130 Refuse Hauler Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TX North Central Texas Council of Governments $2.19 million $7,187,024 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TX North Central Texas Council of Governments $1.55 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits
42 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

FY 2009 ARRA Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

TX Port of Houston Authority $2.86 million $3,586,281 Construction, Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TX Port of Houston Authority $611,466 $1,377,146 Ports and Airports Retrofits 

TX VIA Metropolitan Transit $1.6 million Transit Buses Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

UT Utah Department of Environmental Quality $750,000 $406,000 Agriculture Long Haul Trucks, Delivery Truck Idle Reduction, Retrofits

VA Virginia Clean Cities (Hampton Roads) $1 million $8,125 Refuse Hauler, School Bus, Transit Buses Retrofits

WA Port of Tacoma $1.49 million $283,389 Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction

WA Puget Sound Clean Air Agency $2.53 million Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

WI Wisconsin Department of Commerce $2.07 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction

WI Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources $571,107 Rail Idle Reduction

WI, MN National School Transportation Association $2.42 million $5,559,958 School Bus Idle Reduction

WY Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality $1.34 million $777,480 Construction Retrofits 

FY 2009–2010 Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

AR, IA, KS, 

LA, NE, TX Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association $1 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction

AZ Arizona Department of Commerce $610,828 $1,347,433 Delivery Truck, Long Haul Trucks Clean/Alt Fuels, Retrofits

CA California Air Resources Board $3.9 million $1,050,504 Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA City of Long Beach City Harbor Craft and Cargo-Handling $1.65 million Marine, Ports and Airports, Utility Vehicle Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA City of Los Angeles Harbor Department $1.21 million Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA Port of San Francisco $1 million Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District $1.80 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA South Coast Air Quality Management District $1.07 million School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CA

(takes place 

in NJ/NY)

CALSTART, Inc. $500,576 $432,000 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CO Regional Air Quality Council Comprehensive Clear Skies 

and Climate Collaborative $2.50 million $240,000 City/County Vehicle, Long Haul Trucks, School 

Bus, Utility Vehicle, Other

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

CT Fairfield Connecticut Municipal Vehicle Retrofit Project $831,030 City/County Vehicle, Construction, Refuse 

Hauler, Utility Vehicle

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

DC Metro Washington Council of Governments $560,600 $94,060 Construction, Marine Retrofits

FL Florida Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Contractors $1.68 million $1,272,250 Construction Retrofits

FL Miami-Dade County Miami Port Authority $1.51 million $677,796 Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

GA University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. $2.72 million $906,770 Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits
43 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 43

FY 2009–2010 Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

HI Honolulu Clean Cities Hawaii Clean Diesel Initiative $300,000 Construction, Transit Buses Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

IL American Lung Association of the Upper Midwest 

American Lung Association $1.5 million $387,492 Long Haul Trucks, School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

IL Metropolitan Mayors Caucus $500,000 $3,702,977 School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

IN South Shore Clean Cities, Inc. $630,500 $427,000 Marine Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

KS Kansas Department of Health $233,218 Construction, Delivery Truck, Long Haul 

Trucks, School Bus, Short Haul

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

KY Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government $1.16 million Construction, Ports and Airports, Transit Buses Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

LA Regional Planning Commission for Jefferson, Orleans, 

Parishes $1.05 million $350,000 Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MA Harbor Development Commission Port of New Bedford 

Shore-side Power Electrification Project $1 million Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MA Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority $700,000 $280,000 Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MA Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management $850,000 Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MA

(takes place 

in NJ)

Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management $1.13 million $333,000 Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MA

(takes place 

in NY/NJ)

Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management $1.42 million $408,000 Construction, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MD Maryland Transit Administration $975,000 $425,000 Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MD Maryland Transit Administration $505,000 $226,460 Transit Buses Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MD Mid-Atlantic Regional Air Management Association 

(MARAMA) $500,000 $282,500 Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

ME Maine Department of Environmental Protection $571,638 Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MI Clean Energy Coalition Clean Energy Coalition $600,000 $133,708 Construction Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MI Michigan Infrastructure and Transportation Association $966,555 $295,385 Construction Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MI Okemos Public Schools $877,076 School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MN Minnesota Environmental Initiative $977,242 $88,875 Construction, Long Haul Trucks, Refuse Hauler, 

School Bus, Short Haul, Other

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MO Missouri Department of Natural Resources $1.8 million Construction, Refuse Hauler, School Bus Idle Reduction, Retrofits

MO National School Transportation Association $362,642 $243,143 School Bus Idle Reduction

MO Passenger Vessel Association $814,491 $400,566 Marine Idle Reduction, Retrofits

MS Mississippi State University $1.1 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MT Missoula County $1.13 million Ports and Airports, Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits
44 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

FY 2009–2010 Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

NY Nassau County Police Department $708,397 $236,132 Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

NY New York City Department of Transportation $2 million $730,500 Marine Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

NY The Port Authority of NY & NJ $1.58 million $4,731,447 Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

OH Clean Fuels Ohio $750,000 $345,485 Construction, Delivery Truck, Long Haul 

Trucks, School Bus, Other

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

OH Ohio Regional Planning Commission $1.23 million $198,850 Construction, Emergency Vehicle, Long Haul 

Trucks, School Bus, Short Haul, Other

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

OR Oregon Department of Environmental Quality $482,476 $461,984 Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

PA City of Philadelphia $475,669 $4,320,000 Ports and Airports, Transit Buses, Other Retrofits

PA Clean Air Council Clean Air Council $350,000 Ports and Airports, Other Retrofits

PA Port of Pittsburgh Commission $1.16 million Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

PR Autoridad de Transporte Maritimo $517,220 $339,522 Marine Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TX Cascade Sierra Solutions $1.15 million Delivery Truck, Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction

TX Houston Advanced Research Center $496,000 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction

TX North Central Texas Council of Governments $500,000 Construction Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TX North Central Texas Council of Governments $500,000 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TX North Central Texas Council of Governments $500,000 $159,775 School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TX Port of Corpus Christi Locomotive Switch Engine Repower 

Project $1.03 million $342,019 Marine, Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

TX Port of Houston Authority $1.49 million Marine, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

VA James Madison University Virginia $710,000 $1,107,503 Construction Retrofits

VA National School Transportation Association $362,642 School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower

VA Virginia Port Authority Dredging Repower Project $775,000 $932,750 Marine Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

WA Pacific Northwest Poll Prev Res Center $875,972 Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

WA Washington Department of Ecology $875,972 School Bus Idle Reduction

WI Associated General Contractors of Greater Milwaukee $500,000 $169,576 City/County Vehicle, Construction, Marine Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

WI Leonardo Academy, Inc. $600,000 $353,600 Long Haul Trucks, School Bus, Transit Buses Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

WI Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources $1.18 million $1,816,835 City/County Vehicle, Construction, Long Haul 

Trucks, Ports and Airports, School Bus, Other

Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

WV Railroad Research Foundation of West Virginia $975,000 $464,000 Rail Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits
45 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 45

FY 2009–2010 Grants, Tribal

State Grant Recipient EPA Grant 

Amount Match Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

CA Morongo Band of Mission Indians $250,000 $191,700 City/County Vehicle, Construction, School Bus, 

Transit Buses Retrofits

CA Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians $78,000 $18,300 School Bus Retrofits

IA Meskwaki Nation $190,000 School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits

MN Leech Lake Band of Ojibwa $134,404 $45,100 Refuse Hauler Idle Reduction, Replacement/

Repower, Retrofits
46 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
47 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 47

Appendix B: Emerging Technologies

FY 2008 Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Funding Project Target Fleet(s)

CA South Coast Air Quality Management District $900,000 Delivery Truck, Long Haul Trucks

TX Center for Transport and the Environment $300,000 Delivery Truck, Short Haul

TX Texas Transportation Institute $500,000 Construction

TX University of Houston $500,000 Construction

WA Puget Sound Clean Air Agency $700,000 Marine

FY 2009 ARRA Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Funding Project Target Fleet(s)

CA San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District $1.3 million Long Haul Trucks

CA South Coast Air Quality Management District $2 million Long Haul Trucks

CA South Coast Air Quality Management District $2 million Long Haul Trucks

IN Indiana Department of Environmental Management $1 million Construction

NC Southern Research Institute $1 million Refuse Hauler

PA Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection $1.5 million Marine, Ports and Airports

TN Mississippi River Corridor—Tennessee, Inc. $2 million Marine, Ports and Airports

TX City of Irving $937,605 Refuse Hauler, Utility Vehicle

TX Houston Advanced Research Center $2.36 million Construction, Delivery Truck

TX Houston Advanced Research Center $1.6 million Marine, Ports and Airports

TX University of Houston $1.74 million City/County Vehicle, School Bus, Utility Vehicle

TX University of Houston $1.8 million School Bus

VA Fairfax County $1.3 million School Bus

WA Puget Sound Clean Air Agency $42,000 Marine, Ports and Airports

FY 2009–2010 Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Funding Project Target Fleet(s)

CA City of Los Angeles Harbor Department $731,298 Ports and Airports

CA California Air Resources Board $1.2 million Rail

CA South Coast Air Quality Management District $1.5 million Marine, Ports and Airports

TX University of Houston $1.05 million School Bus

WA Puget Sound Clean Air Agency $1.2 million Marine, Ports and Airports
48 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
49 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 49

Appendix C: SmartWay Finance

FY 2008 Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Funding Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

CA, NY,

OR, WA Cascade Sierra Solutions $1.13 million Long Haul Trucks, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Retrofits

Nationwide Community Development Transportation Lending Services $1.13 million Long Haul Trucks, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Retrofits

Nationwide Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association $1.13 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction

FY 2009 ARRA Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Funding Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

CA California Air Resources Board $5 million Construction, Marine Idle Reduction, Replacements, Retrofits

CA, OR, WA Cascade Sierra Solutions $9 million Long Haul Trucks, Ports and Airports Replacements, Retrofits

KY Louisville-Jefferson County Metro Government $2 million Construction Idle Reduction, Replacements, Retrofits

TX Houston-Galveston Area Council $9 million Ports and Airports Replacements, Retrofits

Nationwide National Association for Pupil Transportation $5 million School Bus Idle Reduction, Replacements, Retrofits

FY 2009–2010 Grants

State Grant Recipient EPA Funding Project Target Fleet(s) Technology Type(s)

MD, DE, 

PA, VA Mid-Atlantic Regional Air Management Association $3.92 million Ports and Airports Replacements

TN, GA Southern Alliance for Clean Energy $5 million Long Haul Trucks Idle Reduction, Retrofits

Nationwide Cascade Sierra Solutions $2 million Long Haul Trucks, Ports and Airports Replacements

Nationwide Community Development Transportation Lending Services $2.6 million Long Haul Trucks, Ports and Airports Idle Reduction, Retrofits
50 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
51 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 51

Appendix D: State Clean Diesel Programs

State Grant Recipient

FY 2008 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

FY 2009 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

FY 2010 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

Recovery Act 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

Sector(s) Technology Types

AK Alaska Department of 

Environmental Conservation $196,880 $235,294 $352,941 $1,730,000 Stationary, City/county vehicles, Long-haul 

trucks, Locomotives, School bus

Idle reduction, Replacement/

repower, Retrofit

AL Alabama Department of 

Environmental Management $295,320 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 Construction, Locomotives, City/county 

vehicles, Utility vehicles

Diesel particulate filters, Clean fuels, 

Idle reduction

AR Arkansas Department of 

Environmental Quality $295,320 $352,941 $235,294 $1,730,000 School buses, Construction, Long-haul trucks Diesel oxidation catalysts, Auxiliary 

power units, Replacement/repower

AZ Arizona Department of 

Environmental Quality $196,880 $235,294 $235,200 $1,730,000 School buses, Long-haul trucks Retrofit, Truck stop electrification

CA California Air

Resources Board $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 City/county vehicles, Utility vehicles,

Refuse haulers

Idle reduction, Diesel particulate 

filters, Replacement/repower

CO

Colorado Department 

of Public Health and 

Environment

$196,880 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 School buses

Idle reduction, Replacement/

repower, Diesel oxidation catalysts, 

Closed crankcase filtration units

CT Connecticut Department of 

Environmental Protection $295,320 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000

City/County vehicles, Delivery trucks, Longhaul trucks, Marine, Ports and airports, School 

buses, Short-haul trucks, Transit buses, Utility 

vehicles, Construction, Locomotives

Replacement/repower, Diesel 

oxidation catalysts, Truck stop 

electrification

DC District Department of

the Environment $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 Transit buses, Utility vehicles, Refuse haulers, 

City/county vehicles, Marine

Replacement/repower, Clean/

alternate fuel

DE

Delaware Department of 

Natural Resources and 

Environmental Control

$295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000

Agriculture, Construction, School buses, Utility 

vehicles, Long-haul trucks, Delivery trucks, 

Ports and airports, Stationary, City/county 

vehicles, Refuse haulers

Diesel particulate filters, Diesel 

oxidation catalysts, Auxiliary power 

units, Replacement/repower

FL Florida Department of 

Environmental Control $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 Long-haul trucks, School buses

Diesel oxidation catalysts, 

Auxiliary power units, Truck stop 

electrification

GA Georgia Department of 

Natural Resources $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 School buses Closed crankcase, Partial flow 

filters, Clean/alternative fuels,

HI Hawaii Department of Health $196,880 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 School buses, Refuse haulers, City/county 

vehicles, Utility vehicles 

Replacement/repower, Idle 

reduction, Diesel particulate filters

IA Iowa Department of

Natural Resources $196,880 $235,294 $352,941 $1,730,000 School buses, Construction, Long-haul trucks, 

Locomotives, Transit buses Idle reduction, Retrofits

ID Idaho Department of 

Environmental Quality $196,880 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 School buses

Diesel oxidation catalysts, Closed 

crankcase ventilation, Direct fired 

heaters, Replacement/repower

IL Illinois Environmental 

Protection Agency $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 Construction, Transit buses, School buses, 

Long-haul trucks, Locomotives, Refuse haulers

Diesel oxidation catalysts, Diesel 

particulate filters, Auxiliary power 

units, Replacement/repower
52 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program

State Grant Recipient

FY 2008 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

FY 2009 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

FY 2010 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

Recovery Act 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

Sector(s) Technology Types

IN Indiana Department of 

Environmental Management $196,880 $235,294 $352,941 $1,730,000

City/county vehicles, Construction, Long-haul 

trucks, Locomotives, Refuse haulers, School 

buses, Transit buses, Utility vehicles

Diesel oxidation catalysts, Diesel 

particulate filters, Auxiliary power 

units, Replacement/repower

KS Kansas Department of Health 

and Environment $196,880 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000

School buses, Long-haul trucks, Agriculture, 

City/county vehicles, Construction,

Delivery trucks

Auxiliary power units, 

Replacement/repower, Diesel 

oxidation catalysts, Closed 

crankcase ventilation, Partial flow 

filters, Diesel particulate filters

KY Kentucky Division for

Air Quality $196,880 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 School buses, Long-haul trucks, Transit buses

Diesel oxidation catalysts, Diesel 

particulate filters, Closed crankcase 

ventilation, Auxiliary power units

LA Louisiana Department of 

Environmental Quality $295,320 $352,941 $235,294 $1,730,000 Marine, Agriculture, Delivery trucks Idle reduction, Replacement/

repower, Retrofits

MA Massachusetts Department 

of Environmental Protection $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000

City/County vehicles, Delivery trucks, 

Locomotives, Marine, Refuse haulers, School 

buses, Short-haul, Transit buses, Utility 

vehicles, Long-haul trucks

Diesel oxidation catalysts, 

Replacement/repower

MD Maryland Department of

the Environment $295,320 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 Marine, School buses, Transit buses, Refuse 

haulers

Diesel particulate filters, Closed 

crankcase ventilation, Idle 

reduction, Replacement/repower

ME Maine Department of 

Environmental Protection $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000

City/county vehicles, Long-haul trucks, 

Marine, Locomotives, School buses,

Utility vehicles

Idle reduction, Diesel oxidation 

catalysts, Replacement/repower, 

Clean/alternate fuels

MI Michigan Department of 

Environmental Quality $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 Refuse haulers, School buses Diesel oxidation catalysts

MN Minnesota Pollution

Control Agency $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 Long-haul trucks, School buses, Construction, 

Transit buses

Replacement/repower, Auxiliary 

power units, Diesel oxidation 

catalysts, Diesel particulate filters

MO Missouri Department of 

Natural Resources $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000

Construction, Delivery trucks, Marine, 

Locomotives, Refuse haulers, School buses, 

Short-haul trucks, Long-haul trucks

Idle reduction, Replacement/

repower, Retrofits

MS Mississippi Department of 

Environmental Quality $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 School buses, City/county vehicles,

Utility vehicles Diesel oxidation catalysts

MT Montana Department of 

Environmental Quality $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 School buses Replacement/repower, Idle 

reduction, Retrofits

NC

North Carolina Department 

of the Environment and 

Natural Resources

$295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000

Port and airports, School buses, Marine, 

Construction, Locomotives, Refuse haulers, 

Transit buses, Long-haul trucks,

Emergency vehicles

Replacement/repower, Idle 

reduction, Retrofits

ND North Dakota Department 

of Health $196,880 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 School buses, City/county vehicles Replacement/repower, Idle 

reduction, Retrofits

NE Nebraska Department of 

Environmental Quality $196,880 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000

School buses, City/county vehicles, 

Construction, Refuse haulers, Transit buses, 

Utility vehicles, Short-haul trucks, Long-haul 

trucks, Emergency vehicles

Idle reduction, Replacement/

repower, Retrofits

NH New Hampshire Department 

of Environmental Science $295,320 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000

Locomotives, Marine, School buses, Transit 

buses, City/county vehicles, Construction, 

Delivery trucks, Long-haul trucks, Ports and 

airports, Refuse haulers

Auxiliary power units, Diesel 

particulate filters, Replacement/

repower

NJ New Jersey Department of 

Environmental Protection $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 Construction, Delivery trucks, Ports

and airports

Diesel particulate filters, Diesel 

oxidation catalysts

NM New Mexico Environment 

Department $196,880 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 Transit buses, Construction, School buses

Auxiliary power units, Diesel 

particulate filters, Replacement/

repower
53 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 53

State Grant Recipient

FY 2008 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

FY 2009 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

FY 2010 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

Recovery Act 

Total Federal 

Funding 

Allotment

Sector(s) Technology Types

NV Nevada Division of 

Environmental Protection $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 School buses Replacement/repower, Idle 

reduction, Retrofits

NY

New York State Department 

of Environmental 

Conservation

$295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 Transit buses, School buses Diesel oxidation catalysts, Closed 

crankcase ventilation

OH Ohio Environment

Protection Agency $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 School buses

Diesel oxidation catalysts, Closed 

crankcase ventilation, Diesel 

particulate filters

OK Oklahoma Department of 

Environmental Quality $295,320 $235,294 $235,200 $1,730,000 School buses Retrofits

OR Oregon Department of 

Environmental Quality $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 Construction, Refuse haulers, Marine

Diesel oxidation catalysts, Diesel 

particulate filters, Replacement/

repower

PA Pennsylvania Department of 

Environmental Protection $295,320 $235,294 $352,941 $1,730,000

Construction, Long-haul trucks, Ports and 

airports, Refuse hauler, School buses,

Transit buses 

Diesel particulate filters, 

Replacement/repower, Diesel 

oxidation catalysts, Closed 

crankcase ventilation, Clean/

alternate fuel

RI Rhode Island Department of 

Environmental Management $196,880 $352,941 $235,294 $1,730,000

City/county vehicles, Marine, Ports and 

airports, Utility vehicles, School buses, 

Construction, Refuse haulers

Diesel oxidation catalysts

SC

South Carolina Department 

of Health and Environmental 

Control

$295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 Construction, Refuse haulers, City/county 

vehicles, School buses

Replacement/repower, Diesel 

oxidation catalysts, Closed 

crankcase ventilation, Diesel 

particulate filters

SD

South Dakota Department

of Environment and

Natural Resources

$196,880 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 School buses Replacement/repower, Diesel 

oxidation catalysts, Idle reduction

TN

Tennessee Department 

of Environment and 

Conservation

$295,320 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 Long-haul trucks Auxiliary power units

TX Texas Commission on 

Environmental Quality $295,320 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 School buses Idle reduction, Replacement/

repower, Retrofits

UT Utah Department of 

Environmental Quality $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 Delivery trucks, School buses 

Clean/alternate fuel, Replacement/

repower, Diesel oxidation catalysts, 

Closed crankcase ventilation

VA Virginia Department of 

Environmental Quality $196,880 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 City/county vehicles, Refuse haulers, School 

buses, Marine, Short-haul trucks

Idle reduction, Replacement/

repower, Diesel oxidation catalysts

VT Vermont Department of 

Environmental Conservation $196,880 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 School buses, City/county vehicles, 

Construction

Replacement/repower, Idle 

reduction, Retrofits

WA Washington State 

Department of Ecology $295,320 $352,941 $0 $1,730,000 Marine, Ports and airports, School buses, 

Transit buses, Construction

Replacement/repower, Diesel 

oxidation catalysts, Diesel 

particulate filters, Idle reduction

WI Wisconsin Department of 

Natural Resources $295,320 $352,941 $352,941 $1,730,000 School buses, Construction Diesel oxidation catalysts, 

Replacement/repower

WV West Virginia Department of 

Environmental Protection $196,880 $235,294 $235,294 $1,730,000 School buses, Transit buses, Refuse haulers, 

Construction

Replacement/repower, Idle 

reduction, Retrofits, Clean/

alternate fuels

WY Wyoming Department of 

Environmental Quality $196,880 $235,294 $352,941 $1,730,000 Construction, School buses

Replacement/repower, Diesel 

oxidation catalysts, Closed 

crankcase ventilation, Idle reduction
54 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
55 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 55

Appendix E: National Program Evaluation Criteria

F

or the National Clean Diesel Funding Assistance Program applicants, EPA applied criteria and 

points such as those summarized in the list below, which are consistent with the priorities 

described in Section 792 of the Energy Policy Act, Subtitle G, and with Agency policy. Evaluation 

criteria differed slightly between the National, Emerging Technologies, and SmartWay programs.

Â Project summary/approach

Â Programmatic priorities

Â Past performance

Â Environmental results

Â Budget/resources

Â Target fleet

Â Leveraging resources and partners

Â Staff expertise/qualifications

Â Regional significance

For the Recovery Act grant competition, EPA used the same criteria, but also took job creation/retention 

and “shovel-ready” projects into consideration.

For more detailed information about the Request for Proposals, please visit www.epa.gov/cleandiesel/

prgnational.htm.
56 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
57 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 57

Appendix F: Clean Diesel Collaboratives

Clean Diesel Collaboratives are public-private partnerships that include EPA regional offices as well 

as equipment manufacturers, fleet owners, state and local governments, and nonprofit organizations. They are diverse, multi-stakeholder groups that provide technical assistance, foster partnerships, and identify and leverage resources.

The Northeast Clean Diesel Collaborative: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, 

New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands

www.northeastdiesel.org/

The Mid-Atlantic Diesel Collaborative: Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, 

and Washington D.C.

www.dieselmidatlantic.org/

The Southeast Diesel Collaborative: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, 

South Carolina, and Tennessee

www.southeastdiesel.org/

The Midwest Clean Diesel Initiative: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin

www.epa.gov/midwestcleandiesel/

The Blue Skyways Collaborative: Arkansas, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, 

New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas

www.blueskyways.org/

The Rocky Mountain Clean Diesel Collaborative: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, 

Utah, and Wyoming

www.epa.gov/region8/air/rmcdc/

The West Coast Diesel Collaborative: Alaska, Arizona, California, Hawaii, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, 

Washington, the territories of Guam and American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern 

Mariana Islands

www.westcoastcollaborative.org/
58 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program
59 Second Report to Congress: Highlights of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program 59

Appendix G: Acronyms and Abbreviations

APU Auxiliary Power Unit

CARB California Air Resources Board

CCV Closed Crankcase Ventilation

CNG Compressed Natural Gas

CO Carbon Monoxide

CO2 Carbon Dioxide

DEQ Diesel Emissions Quantifier

DERA Diesel Emissions Reduction Act

DFH Direct Fired Heater

DOC Diesel Oxidation Catalyst

DPF Diesel Particulate Filter

DRIVER Database for Reporting Innovative 

Emissions Reductions

EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency

EPAct Energy Policy Act

ET Emerging Technologies

FY Fiscal Year

HC Hydrocarbon

NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality 

Standards

NCDC National Clean Diesel Campaign

NESCAUM Northeast States for Coordinated Air 

Use Management

NOX Nitrogen Oxides

OIG EPA’s Office of the Inspector General

PFF Partial Flow Filter

PM Particulate Matter

Recovery American Reinvestment and

Act Recovery Act

RFP Request for Proposals

SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction

SOX Sulfur Oxides

TSE Truck Stop Electrification

ULSD Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel


Recycled/Recyclable—Printed with vegetable oil based inks on 100% postconsumer, process chlorine free recycled paper.

EPA-420-R-12-031

December 2012

www.epa.gov

United States

Environmental Protection Agency

Office of Transportation and Air Quality

1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW

Washington, DC 20460