# Patent

## Title
Safety device for transporting oversized loads

## Abstract

The present invention includes a method for improving driver safety in an oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load. The method includes obtaining an oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load that includes safety indicia illuminated by one or more EL lighting surfaces, and driving the vehicle on an highway.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATION(S)
This application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/707,621, filed Dec. 24, 2003, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/645,873, filed Aug. 21, 2003, which claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/429,671 filed Nov. 27, 2002, which applications are incorporated herein by reference.


TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention described herein relates to a method for improving safety for hauling an oversized load.
BACKGROUND ART
This invention relates to a safety device for transporting oversized loads and to a method for transporting oversized loads.
There are many hazardous activities that can be made safer by warning people using safety signs. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, signs on snow plows to warn traffic as they approach from behind, slow moving vehicle signs such as are commonly attached to farm vehicles, oversized load signs on the back of highway transportation vehicles, road construction signs, etc.
Necessarily, for a safety sign to be effective, it must be seen by the person to be warned. In certain road safety situations, as listed above, an approaching vehicle's headlights can illuminate the safety signs. However, headlights are not always adequate to provide the necessary warning. Further, there are other applications of safety signs not involving vehicles with headlights, where the person to be warned requires increased visibility of safety signs in poor visibility conditions, from large distances, at night, etc.
Existing configurations of signs that are self lit, such as by incandescent bulbs, have a number of disadvantages. They require large amounts of power to operate. They produce large amounts of unwanted heat. In an application involving snow, in particular, heat can be detrimental by melting snow to water, which may cause electrical failure and/or icing problems. When existing configurations fail, they fail catastrophically. For example, if a rock from a road hits an incandescent bulb, the bulb breaks and fails completely. Also, when an incandescent bulb burns out, it goes from on to off without any warning or in-between condition.
Existing light configurations also suffer from negative effects of point source lighting. Point sources, such as incandescent bulbs or light emitting diodes (LEDs) provide an intense source of light from a single point. Point sources can cause night blindness after a viewer looks away from the point source light. Also, point source lights appear to flicker and move around when viewed. This is due to their single source beams being distorted by elements such as dust particles, snow flakes, or other elements of the atmosphere between the point source and the viewer. Point source lights also have a limited viewable distance, or penetration through snow, fog, etc. due to similar scattering and distortion of the single source beam.
What is needed is an improved safety sign with high visibility in difficult conditions such as in snow, fog, dust, at night, etc. What is also needed is an improved safety sign without the disadvantages of point source lighting.



DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a cross section diagram of a safety sign according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows an isometric view of a safety sign according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 shows an isometric view of a safety sign according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 shows a front view of a safety sign according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 shows an isometric view of a safety sign according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 shows a front view of a safety sign according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 shows a diagram of one embodiment of a method for plowing a road.
FIG. 8 shows a diagram of one embodiment of a method for transporting an oversized load.
FIG. 9 shows a print for an embodiment of a safety sign according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 10 shows specifications for an embodiment of a safety sign according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of snow plows of the invention that include the EL safety lighting.
FIG. 12 shows a rear perspective view of a wide truck of the invention that includes the EL safety lighting.
FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of a road construction vehicle of the invention that includes the EL safety lighting.
FIG. 14 shows a highway with two adjacent motor vehicles, each containing EL lighting of the invention.
FIG. 15 shows a rear perspective view of a motor vehicle of the invention with a long trailer, that includes the EL lighting.
FIG. 16A shows a top plan view of one mudflap embodiment of the invention that includes EL lighting.
FIG. 16B shows a top plan view of another mudflap embodiment of the invention that includes EL lighting.
FIG. 17 shows a rear perspective view of one motor vehicle embodiment of the invention that includes EL safety lighting.
FIG. 18 shows a perspective view of another motor vehicle embodiment of the invention that includes EL safety lighting.
FIG. 19 shows a perspective view of another motor vehicle embodiment of the invention that includes safety lighting.



DISCLOSURE
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which is shown, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. In the drawings, like numerals describe substantially similar components throughout the several views. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Other embodiments may be utilized and structural, logical, electrical changes, etc. may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a safety sign 100 utilizing electroluminescent (EL) technology. A conducting base 110 is shown with a dielectric layer 120 coupled to the conducting base 110. The base is for some embodiments rigid and for other embodiments flexible. This feature enables the sign to be positioned on rigid or flexible surfaces. A number of encapsulated phosphor portions 130 are shown coupled to the dielectric layer 120. In one embodiment, the number of encapsulated phosphor portions 130 are microencapsulated. A second conducting portion 140 is shown coupled over the number of encapsulated phosphor portions 130. In one embodiment, the second conducting portion 140 includes a transparent conductor material. In one embodiment, an encapsulating layer 150 is included over the second conducting portion 140. In one embodiment, the encapsulating layer 150 is included to provide moisture or weather resistance. A pattern layer 160 is further shown coupled over the encapsulating layer 150. In one embodiment, the pattern layer 160 defines a message or symbol that indicates safety or caution.
One of ordinary skill in the art, having the benefit of the present specification will recognize that alternative designs of an EL lighting device are possible. FIG. 1 is intended to illustrate one possible embodiment of an EL lighting configuration in a safety sign. One good example of EL lighting can be obtained from the Durel corporation of Chandler, Ariz.
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a safety sign 200. The safety sign 200 includes an EL lighting surface 210, and a power source 212 coupled to the EL lighting surface 210. In one embodiment, the power source 212 includes an AC power source. In one embodiment, the power source 212 includes a DC power source coupled to an AC converter. In one embodiment, the power source is supplied by a power hook up on a vehicle. A layer 220 is also included, with a pattern 222 located on the layer 220. In FIG. 2, the layer 220 includes a transparent layer. The pattern 222 in FIG. 2 is substantially opaque. Embodiments of patterns 222 include, but are not limited to, text, numbers, symbols, shapes, etc. The safety sign 200 operates by transmitting light from the EL lighting surface 210 through portions of the layer 220 that are not obscured by the pattern 222. As used herein, the term “vehicle” refers to two-wheeled, three-wheeled and four-wheeled automobiles, as shown at 1400 in FIG. 14, 1700 in FIG. 17, trucks as shown at 1200 in FIG. 12, 1410 in FIG. 14, semi's, as shown at 1500 in FIG. 15, fire engines, trains, rail cars, snowplows as shown at 1102 in FIG. 11, bicycles, police cars, buses as shown at 1800 in FIG. 18, ambulences, RV's as shown at 1900 in FIG. 19, road construction vehicles as shown at 1300 in FIG. 13 and any other vehicle having safety needs.
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a safety sign 300. The safety sign 300 includes an EL lighting surface 310, and a power source 312 coupled to the EL lighting surface 310. Power source 312 includes, but is not limited to embodiments of power sources described above. A layer 320 is also included, with a pattern 322 located on the layer 320. In FIG. 3, the layer 320 includes a substantially opaque layer. The pattern 322 in FIG. 3 is substantially transparent. In one embodiment, the pattern 322 is cut out from the layer 320. Pattern 322 includes, but is not limited to embodiments of patterns described above. The safety sign 300 operates by transmitting light from the EL lighting surface 310 through the substantially transparent pattern 322.
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a safety sign 400. The safety sign 400 includes an EL lighting surface 410, and a power source 412 coupled to the EL lighting surface 410. Power source 412 includes, but is not limited to embodiments of power sources described above. In one embodiment, the EL lighting surface 410 is shaped into a pattern. The pattern includes, but is not limited to embodiments of patterns described above. The safety sign 400 operates by transmitting light from the EL lighting surface 410 directly in a pattern that conveys a message of safety. A text pattern may, for example, convey a warning, such as is shown at 1510 in FIG. 15. A triangle or other geometric shape may indicate a slow moving vehicle, as is shown at 1110 in FIG. 11.
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a safety sign 500. The safety sign 500 includes an EL lighting surface 510, and a power source 512 coupled to the EL lighting surface 510. Power source 512 includes, but is not limited to embodiments of power sources described above. A layer 520 is also included, with a pattern 522 located on the layer 520. In FIG. 5, the layer 520 includes a transparent layer. The pattern 222 in FIG. 2 is substantially opaque. Alternatively, the layer 520 in FIG. 5 may include a substantially opaque layer with a pattern 522 that is substantially transparent. A layer 530 is further included in the safety sign 500. The layer 530 includes properties that alter a color of the EL lighting surface 510.
Selected embodiments of safety signs as described in this document include colored EL material. Both an illuminated color and a non-illuminated color may be selected. Possible colors include yellow, white, blue-green, etc. A color can be chosen in the non-illuminated condition that is suited for daytime, while a different color can be chosen for the illuminated condition to optimize both day and night. The addition in safety sign 500 of a layer 530 further broadens color options. In one embodiment, the layer 530 is tinted to alter the color of the EL lighting surface. In one embodiment, an EL lighting surface is included that is white in a non-illuminated condition, and blue-green in an illuminated condition. In one embodiment, a yellow tinted layer 530 is further included. This provides a yellow appearance in the day, with a light green appearance at night. In one embodiment, the light green complies with government regulations for color. In another embodiment, an EL lighting surface is included that is yellow in a non-illuminated condition, and yellow in an illuminated condition. In one embodiment, a yellow tinted layer 530 is further included. This provides a yellow appearance in the day, and a yellow appearance at night.
In one embodiment, the pattern 522 is cut out from the layer 520. Pattern 522 includes, but is not limited to embodiments of patterns described above. The safety sign 500 operates by transmitting light from the EL lighting surface 510 through the layer 530 and through substantially transparent portions of the layer 520.
FIG. 6 shows one embodiment of a safety sign 600. The safety sign 600 includes an EL lighting surface 610. In one embodiment the shape of the safety sign 600 is dictated by a government standard. In FIG. 6, the EL lighting surface 610 of the safety sign 600 is substantially rectangular in shape. In FIG. 6, a width 612 of the EL lighting surface 610 is approximately 72 inches. In FIG. 6, a height 614 of the EL lighting surface 610 is approximately 8.5 inches. A pattern 616 is included on the safety sign 600 similar to embodiments described above. In one embodiment the pattern includes a text message that states “Stay Back—Stay Alive.” In one embodiment the pattern includes a text message that states “Oversized Load, as shown at 1210 in FIG. 12.” Any number of safety messages are possible within the scope of the invention. In addition to text, as described above, shapes or symbols are also possible to convey a message of safety. For example, a triangle may be used to indicate a slow moving vehicle, as shown at 1310 in FIG. 13.
FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a method utilizing safety signs as described in embodiments above. A road 710 is shown with a number of lanes 712. A number of vehicles 720 are shown on the road in a formation. In one embodiment, the vehicles 720 include snow plows. Other embodiments of vehicles include, but are not limited to, road graders, dump trucks, various construction equipment, road transportation vehicles, flat bed trucks, and so forth. The vehicles 720 as shown in FIG. 7 are snow plows, each vehicle 720 including a plow 722. In one embodiment, a safety sign 724 as described in embodiments above is affixed to at least one vehicle 720. In one embodiment, the vehicles 720 guide off each other in alignment using the safety signs 724. In one embodiment, the safety signs 724 are affixed to the rear of the vehicles 720. In one embodiment, the safety signs 724 are affixed to the front of the vehicles 720. One of ordinary skill in the art, having the benefit of the present specification will appreciate that several possible formations of vehicles are possible within the scope of the invention.
FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a method utilizing safety signs as described in embodiments above. A road 810 is shown with a number of lanes 812. A transportation vehicle 820 such as a flat bed truck is shown with a payload portion 822 and a cab portion 824. A load 830 is shown as an oversized load with a width 832 that affects more than one lane 812. A safety sign 840 according to embodiments described above is shown attached to a rear portion of the transportation vehicle 820. In one embodiment, an additional safety sign 842 according to embodiments described above is shown attached to a front portion of the transportation vehicle 820.
For some embodiments, vehicles include more than one safety sign using EL lighting. The signs are positionable on the front and rear and side portions of a vehicle, as shown in one example, at 1500 in FIG. 15. The vehicle 1500 includes a cab 1512 and a trailer 1519 capable of carrying hazardous cargo. The cab includes EL warning signals 1516. The power source is not shown, but as described above is a component of the EL lighting. The trailer 1519 includes the “DANGER” sign 1510, and a “LONG LOAD” sign 1517. The trailer 1519 also includes EL strips 1520 and 1522. The vehicle 1500 also includes mudflaps 1524 and each include an EL lighting safety sign 1526. The EL lighting for motor vehicle 1500 is for some embodiments, multicolored. For other embodiments the lighting is static and blicking or all static or all blinking. While these lighting features are described for motor vehicle 1500, it is understood that the features are usable for all motor vehicle embodiments.
In one embodiment, safety signs and other indicia illuminated by EL lighting are positionable on mud flaps, such as is shown at 1524 and 1526 in FIG. 15. Mud flaps, as used herein, are a component of a vehicle. Two types of mud flap embodiments are shown at 1602A and 1602B and 1604A and 1604B in FIGS. 16A and 16B. The mudflaps 1602A and 1602B are for left and right handed sides of a vehicle. Each of the pair of mudflaps 1602A and 1602B and 1604A and 1604B includes an EL safety sign 1610. The power source of the sign 1610 is attached to the sign as described above.
FIG. 9 shows a print of a safety sign according to one embodiment of the invention. FIG. 10 shows operational specifications according to one embodiment of the invention.
A method of improving safety of snow plows and motor vehicles in hazardous visibility conditions, such as a snowstorm is shown in FIG. 11. The snowplows 1102 include EL lighting 1109 and 1110 on the cabs, on the mudflaps 1104 and 1106 on the trailer. The snowplows also include EL lighting on the rear of the trailer and, optionally, on mudflaps in the rear of the trailer, which are not shown.
In one other embodiment, EL safety signs are used to mark and illuminate structures such as bridges, and on and off ramps. The signs are positioned on structures such as guard rails, and, for some embodiments, the road itself.
Safety signs as described above all utilize EL technology. EL technology provides a number of advantages to safety signs as described above. The safety signs described using EL technology use lower power than conventional lighting technology. The safety signs described using EL technology produce very low heat compared to conventional lighting technology. This can be especially advantageous in snow applications as discussed above in the background. The safety signs described using EL technology are more robust than conventional lighting technology, and not prone to catastrophic failure. Due to numerous encapsulated phosphor portions, it is difficult to damage all encapsulated phosphor portions during an event such as a rock hitting a sign. Further, EL lighting does not burn out catastrophically as incandescent light bulbs do.
Further, because EL lighting generates light from encapsulated portions along a large area (such as 72 inches by 8.5 inches) the light provided by the EL lighting is not a point source, but is an area source. This reduces or eliminates night blinding, and flicker produced by point sources such as incandescent lights, and LEDs. Further, the area source of EL lighting can be seen from farther away, and through difficult conditions such as snow, dust, fog, etc. This is due to EL lighting providing numerous sources (an area of sources) of light to compensate for scattering and dispersement of light from any one individual source in the EL surface.
For the reasons above, safety signs as described above are more visible in poor conditions such as snow, dust, fog, low light, etc. Safety signs as described above can be seen from farther away than conventional signs. Safety signs as described above eliminate problems associated with point source lighting.
Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that any arrangement which is calculated to achieve the same purpose may be substituted for the specific embodiment shown. This application is intended to cover any adaptations or variations of the present invention. It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Combinations of the above embodiments, and other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the invention includes any other applications in which the above structures and fabrication methods are used. The scope of the invention should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

## Claims

1. A method for improving driver safety in an oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load, comprising:
obtaining an oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load that includes safety indicia illuminated by one or more EL lighting surfaces; and
driving the vehicle on an highway, wherein at least one EL lighting surface is oriented to the front of the vehicle and at least one EL lighting surface is oriented to the rear of the vehicle so it is visible to drivers approaching a front of the vehicle and to drivers approaching a rear of the vehicle, and further wherein at least one of the EL lighting surfaces has an illuminated area that is large enough to be visible to the drivers approaching the vehicle and further wherein the illuminated area is large enough to reduce night blinding as compared to a point source of light.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the safety indicia illuminated by one or more EL lighting surfaces includes a surface on a mud flap attached to the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the safety indicia illuminated by one or more EL lighting surfaces includes a surface on a cab of the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the safety indicia illuminated by one or more EL lighting surfaces includes a surface on the rear of the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the safety indicia illuminated by one or more EL lighting surfaces includes a surface on one or more rear view mirrors of the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the safety indicia illuminated by one or more EL lighting surfaces includes a surface on the top of the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load is driven adjacent to another oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load that also includes the safety indicia illuminated by one or more EL lighting surfaces.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load are driven in conditions of poor visibility.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein one or more of the EL lighting surfaces blink.

10. The method of claim 7 wherein one or more of the EL lighting surfaces of one or more of the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load blinks.

11. Apparatus comprising:
an oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load;
a main body;
optional trailer; and
optional mud flaps;
safety indicia illuminated by one or more EL lighting surfaces on the main body and optional trailer and optional mudflaps; and
wherein at least one EL lighting surface is oriented to the front of the vehicle and at least one EL lighting surface is oriented to the rear of the vehicle so it is visible to drivers approaching a front of the vehicle and to drivers approaching a rear of the vehicle, and further wherein at least one of the EL lighting surfaces has an illuminated area that is large enough to be visible to the drivers approaching the vehicle and further wherein the illuminated area is large enough to reduce night blinding as compared to a point source of light.

12. The oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load of claim 11 wherein one or more of the EL lighting surfaces blinks.

13. The highway vehicle of claim 11 wherein the EL lighting surfaces are of two or more colors.

14. The oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load of claim 11 wherein the EL lighting surfaces are on one or more side panels defining a perimeter of the trailer.

15. The oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load of claim 11 wherein the EL lighting surfaces are on the cab.

16. The oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load of claim 11 wherein the EL lighting surfaces are on the cab.

17. The oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load of claim 11 wherein the EL lighting surface is on one or more mud flaps.

18. The oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load of claim 11 wherein the EL lighting surface is on an upper portion of a main body, wherein the main body is a bus, or an RV or an SUV.

19. The oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load of claim 11, wherein the EL lighting surface includes indicia that convey a visual safety message including a text message.

20. A method for making an oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load, comprising:
obtaining a oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load and attaching to the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load one or more EL lighting devices, the EL lighting devices effective for signaling a safety signal to other drivers on a highway, wherein at least one EL lighting device is oriented to the front of the vehicle and at least one EL lighting device is oriented to the rear of the vehicle so it is visible to drivers approaching a front of the vehicle and to drivers approaching a rear of the vehicle, and further wherein at least one of the EL lighting surfaces has an illuminated area that is large enough to be visible to the drivers approaching the vehicle and further wherein the illuminated area is large enough to reduce night blinding as compared to a point source of light.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein the safety signal is a color.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein the EL lighting device is attached to the front of the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein the EL lighting device is attached to the rear of the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load.

24. The method of claim 20 wherein at least one EL lighting device is attached to at least one mud guard attached to the oversized highway vehicle or highway vehicle with an oversized load.

25. The method of claim 1, wherein the safety indicia conveys a specific safety message.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the specific safety message includes a slow moving vehicle triangle symbol.