Page 1225 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 5861

tion sharing’’ for ‘‘nuclear proliferation through joint

technical projects and improved intelligence sharing’’.

Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 103–337, §1501(c)(1), inserted

‘‘for fiscal year 1994’’ after ‘‘under this section’’ and

substituted ‘‘fiscal year 1994. Funds provided as assistance under this section for fiscal year 1995 shall be derived from amounts made available to the Department

of Defense for fiscal year 1995. Funds provided as assistance under this section for a fiscal year referred to in

this paragraph may also be derived’’ for ‘‘fiscal year

1994 or’’.

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 103–337, §1501(c)(2), inserted

‘‘for fiscal year 1994 or $20,000,000 for fiscal year 1995’’.

Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 103–337, §1501(a), substituted

‘‘fiscal years 1994 and 1995’’ for ‘‘fiscal year 1994’’.

Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 103–337, §1070(c)(1), which directed amendment of subsec. (e)(2) by striking out ‘‘and

under subsection (d)(4) of this section’’ effective as of

Oct. 23, 1992, and as if included in the National Defense

Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993 (Pub. L. 102–484),

as enacted, was executed to subsec. (e)(2) as amended

by Pub. L. 103–160, §1182(c)(5), to reflect the probable intent of Congress. See 1993 Amendment note below.

1993—Subsecs. (a), (d)(1). Pub. L. 103–160, §1602(a), substituted ‘‘fiscal year 1994’’ for ‘‘fiscal year 1993’’.

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 103–160, §1602(b)(2), struck out

at end ‘‘Of such amount, not more than $20,000,000 may

be used for the activities of the On-Site Inspection

Agency in support of the United Nations Special Commission on Iraq.’’

Pub. L. 103–160, §1602(b)(1), substituted ‘‘$25,000,000,

including funds used for activities of the On-Site Inspection Agency in support of the United Nations Special Commission on Iraq’’ for ‘‘40,000,000’’.

Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 103–160, §1602(c), struck out par.

(4) which read as follows: ‘‘Not less than 30 days before

obligating any funds to provide assistance under this

section, the Secretary of Defense shall transmit to the

committees of Congress named in subsection (e)(2) of

this section a report on the proposed obligation. Each

such report shall specify—

‘‘(A) the account, budget activity, and particular

program or programs from which the funds proposed

to be obligated are to be derived and the amount of

the proposed obligation; and

‘‘(B) the activities and forms of assistance for

which the Secretary of Defense plans to obligate the

funds.’’

Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 103–160, §1602(a), substituted

‘‘fiscal year 1994’’ for ‘‘fiscal year 1993’’.

Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 103–160, §1182(c)(5), substituted

‘‘(d)(4)’’ for ‘‘(d)(2)’’ in introductory provisions.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1994 AMENDMENT

Section 1070(c) of Pub. L. 103–337 provided in part that

the amendment made by that section is effective as of

Oct. 23, 1992, and as if included in the National Defense

Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993, Pub. L. 102–484,

as enacted.

§ 5860. Report on special nuclear materials

Not later than 180 days after October 24, 1992,

the Secretary of State shall prepare, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the

Secretary of Energy, and shall transmit to the

Congress a report on the possible alternatives

for the ultimate disposition of special nuclear

materials of the former Soviet Union. This report shall include—

(1) a cost-benefit analysis comparing (A) the

relative merits of the indefinite storage and

safeguarding of such materials in the independent states of the former Soviet Union and

(B) its acquisition by the United States by

purchase, barter, or other means;

(2) a discussion of relevant issues such as the

protection of United States uranium producers

from dumping, the relative vulnerability of

these stocks of special nuclear materials to illegal proliferation, and the potential electrical and other savings associated with their

being made available in the fuel cycle in the

United States; and

(3) a discussion of how highly enriched uranium stocks could be diluted for reactor fuel.

(Pub. L. 102–511, title V, §510, Oct. 24, 1992, 106

Stat. 3344.)

§ 5861. Research and Development Foundation

(a) Establishment

The Director of the National Science Foundation (hereinafter in this section referred to as

the ‘‘Director’’) is authorized to establish an endowed, nongovernmental, nonprofit foundation

(hereinafter in this section referred to as the

‘‘Foundation’’) in consultation with the Director

of the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

(b) Purposes

The purposes of the Foundation shall be the

following:

(1) To provide productive research and development opportunities within the independent

states of the former Soviet Union that offer

scientists and engineers alternatives to emigration and help prevent the dissolution of the

technological infrastructure of the independent states.

(2) To advance defense conversion by funding

civilian collaborative research and development projects between scientists and engineers in the United States and in the independent states of the former Soviet Union.

(3) To assist in the establishment of a market economy in the independent states of the

former Soviet Union by promoting, identifying, and partially funding joint research, development, and demonstration ventures between United States businesses and scientists,

engineers, and entrepreneurs in those independent states.

(4) To provide a mechanism for scientists,

engineers, and entrepreneurs in the independent states of the former Soviet Union to develop an understanding of commercial business practices by establishing linkages to

United States scientists, engineers, and businesses.

(5) To provide access for United States businesses to sophisticated new technologies, talented researchers, and potential new markets

within the independent states of the former

Soviet Union.

(c) Functions

In carrying out its purposes, the Foundation

shall—

(1) promote and support joint research and

development projects for peaceful purposes between scientists and engineers in the United

States and independent states of the former

Soviet Union on subjects of mutual interest;

and

(2) seek to establish joint nondefense industrial research, development, and demonstration activities through private sector linkages

which may involve participation by scientists