Approved Code No. 139 Registry No. 114~- 12. 

NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

MACHINE TOOL AND EQUIPMENT 

DISTRIBUTING TRADE 

AS AP~ROVED ON NOVEMBER 27, 1933 

BY 

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT 

WE DO OUR PART 

UNIV. Of'· FL LIi. . xe tive Order 

........................ Lett r of Transmittal ._ · -- -- 3. od . o=~ I A \I • .......... 

U.S. OEftOefTOfW 

UNITED STATES 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHING TON : 1933 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. - - - - - - - - Price 5 cents 
'l'his publication is for sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Government 

Printing Office, Washington, D.C., and by <li trict offices of the Bureau of 

Foreign and Domestic Commerce. 

DISTRICT OFFICES OF THE DEP A.RTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Atlanta, Ga.: 504 Post Office Building. 

Birmingham, Ala.: 257 Federal Building. 

Boston, l\lass. : 1801 Customhou e. 

Buffalo, .Y.: Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Charleston, S.C.: Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Chicago, Ill.: Suite 1706, 201 North Wells Street. 

Cleveland, Ohio: Chamber of Commerce. 

Dallas, Te:x. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Detroit, Mich.: 2213 First National Bank Building. 

Houston, Tex. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Indianapolis, Ind. : Chamber of Commerce Building, 

Jacksonville, Fla.: Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Kansas City, Mo.: 1028 Baltimore Avenue. 

Los Angeles, Calif. : 1163 South Broadway. 

Louisville, Ky.: 408 Federal Building, 

l\lemphis, Tenn.; 229 Federal Building. 

Minneapolis, 1\linn.: 213 Federal Building. 

New Orleans, La.: Room 225-A, Customhouse. 

New York, N.Y.: 734 Cu tomhou. e. 

Norfolk, Va.: 406 East Plume Street. 

Philadelphia, Pa. : 933 Commercial Trust Building. 

Pittsburgh, Pa. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Portland, Oreg.: 215 New Post Office Building. 

St. Louis, Mo.: 506 Olive Street. 

San Francisco, Calif. : 310 Customhouse. 

Seattle, Wash.: 809 Federal Building. 
Approved Code No. 139 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

MACHINE TOOL AND EQUIPMENT DISTRIBUTING 

TRADE 

As Approved on November 27, 1933 

BY 

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT 

Executive Order 

An application having been duly made, pursuant to and in full 

compl1iance with the provisions of title I. of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, for my approval of a Code 

of Fair Competition for the Machine Tool and Equipment Distributing Trade, and hearings having been held thereon and the Administrator having rendered his report containing an analysis of the said 

code of fair competition together with his recommendations and 

findings with respect thereto, and the Administrator having found 

that the said code of fair competition complies in all respects with 

the pertinent provisions of title I of said act and that the requirements of clauses ( 1) and ( 2) of subsection (a) of section 3 of the 

said act have been met : 

NOW, THEREFORE, I , Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the 

United States pursuant to the authority vested in me by title I of 

the National Industrial Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, and 

otherwise, do adopt and approve the report and recommendations, 

and findings of the Administrator and do order that the- said code of 

fair competition be and it is hereby approved. 

Approyal recommended: 

HuaH S. JOHNSON, 

Adni.inisfrator. 

THE "'\V HITE HousE, 

Novembe1· f7, 1933. 

23788°-24-:l---107-33 

FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. 

(485) 
N OVE rnER 21 1933. 

'rnE PRE ID ENT, 

The lV hite House. 

Sm: Thi is a r p rt on th Code of Fair Comp tition for the 

:Machine Tool a.nd Equipment Di tributing Trade, the hearino- having been held in Wa ·hington, October 27, 1933, in a cordan e with 

the provi ion of the ational Industrial Recovery Act. 

PROVISIONS ON HOURS AND WAGES 

Employees in the Trade are limited to a working day of 8 hours, 

with 40 hours as a maximum work week. At inventory and other 

peak periods employees may work 48 hours per week for not more 

than 3 weeks in any six months' period, but the average shall not be 

1nore than 40 hour per week in such six months' period. These 

hour conform clo ely to the hours of the industries which are served 

by this Trade. 

The above limitations do not apply to persons in a managerial, 

executi,e, or supervisory position regularly receiving more than 

$35.00 per week, nor to outside salesmen. Employees engaged in 

plant maintenance or as stock-room employees will receive time and 

one third for all hours oYer 8 per day or 40 per week. 

The majority of employees in the Trade are engaged in clerical 

work and as outside sale men. Their minimum rates of pay will be 

not less than $15.00 per week in cities of over 500 000 population, 

$14.50 per week in cities of from 250,000 to 500,000 population, and 

$14.00 per week in cities of less than 250,000 population. Junior 

employee will receive $2.00 less per week than these rates for the 

fir t six months of their employment. 

o person under 16 year of age will be employed in the Trade, 

and no one under 18 will be engaged in any ha~ardous occupation. 

ECONOMIC EFFECT OF THE CODE 

Thi Trade di tributes machine tools and equipm nt, th basic 

tool.· of indu try. All re ales are made on a commi ion ba i , and 

ale · are u uall_ ba ed on engineering studie . While mall in the 

number f 1111 loyee it i importan~ from the tandpoint of b ing a 

erYic Trad . 

Thi· Tra lei not only subject to the u ual fluctuation whi h take 

pla ·e in the car ital rroods indu tries, but, in addition, ha uff red 

from the d pres ·ion be au. e of the stoppage of buying of b ic tools 

b3 other indu tri . But b au of the progr f inv ntion in his 

cla. of equipment lul'ing the p riod of sta~nation a rapi l r co ery 

in bnyino- i expe t l when g n ral manutacturing 1 lants increa e 

peration. 

(4 6) 
487 

A total of 1,800 employees were engaged in the Trade in 1929, but 

thi total has dropped to approximately 800 at the beginning of 

1933. The sales volume for the year 1929 was approximately $135,- 000,000 but this had declined until the sales during the first six 

months of 1933 were at a rate only 10 percent of normal. The retention of 40 percent of the normal number of employees with only 10 

percent of the volume of business has indicated a liberal sharing of 

emplo:5 ment. The cut in normal working hours from an average of 

more than 50 to the maximum of 40 prescribed in this Code should 

mean an immediate rapid rise in employment with increased sales 

volume. 

FINDINGS 

The Administrator finds that: 

(a) The Code as recommended complies in all respects with the 

pertinent provisions of Title I of the Act, including, without limitation, subsection (a) of Section 7 and subsection (b) of Section 10 

thereof; and that 

(b) The applicant group imposes no inequitable restrictions on 

admission to membership therein and is truly representative of the 

Machine Tool and Equipment Distributing Trade; and that 

( c) The Code as recommended is not designed to promote monopolies or to eliminate or oppress small enterprises and will not operate 

to discriminate against them, and will tend to-effectuate the policy 

of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act. 

It is recommended, therefore, that this Code be approved. 

Respectfully, 

HuoH S. JoHNSoN, 

Acl1ninistrator • 

• 
CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

MACHINE TOOL AND EQUIPMENT DISTRIBUTING 

TRADE 

ARTI LE I-PURPO E 

To ff ctuate the policies of Title I 0£ the ational Indu trial 

Recover A t th following pro isions are submitted as a . o~e of 

Fair Competition for the Machine Tool and Equipment D1 tnbutinp· Trade, an l, upon approval by the President, shall be the standard of Fair Competition for this Trade, and shall be binding upon 

every member thereof. 

ARTICLE II-DEFINITIONS 

SECTION 1. The term "Act" as used herein means Title I of the 

National Industrial Recovery Act. 

SEC. 2. The term "Administrator" as used herein n1eans the Administrator of the Act. 

SEc. 3. The term "Association " as used herein means the Asso• 

ciated Machine Tool Dealers. 

SEc. 4. The term "Machine Tool and Equipment Distributing 

Trade" as used herein includes for resale the warehousing, selling, 

and distribution of new machine tools and attachments, equipment 

and parts thereof, including such jigs and fixtures, die heads, and 

small tools and accessories as are now, or may hereafter be made 

by manufacturers of machine tools for machine tools of their own 

manufacture. 

EC. 5. The term "machine tools and equipment" as used herein 

means power driven metal working n1achines which perform gen- ·erally the function of changing the form 0£ metal by the use of one 

or more cutting tools, abrasives, forming dies, rolls, etc., including 

all attachment , parts, jigs and fixtures, die heads, and uch small 

tools and accessories as are now, or may hereafter be made by manufacturers of machine tools for machine tools of their own 1nanufacture. EC. 6. Di tributors in the Thfa hine Tool an l Equipment Distributing Trade shall be classified as : 

"Nla hine tool dealer" i one who pur ·ha es n w machine tools 

and equipment for resale to indu trial user , publi service corporations, ducational instituti ~s gov rnment or polit~cal subdiyi i?n 

and oth r trade outlets; maintain an adequat selhno· or ·an1zat10n 

an l accounting sy tern, and performs all th r fun ti n p rtainincr 

to the ale and cli tribution of machine tool an l equipm nt for am; 

(b) · ~1anufa turer ' ag nt" i one wh 11 n w machine tool 

and equipment to indu ·-trial u r , l ubli r ice corporations, 

educational in titutions o-oy nun nt or poJitical ubdivi. ions an l 

other trad outl t for th account of one or more ma hine tool 

manufa turers. 

(4 8) 
489 

(c) "Importer o:f machine tools" is one who imports machine 

tools and equipment for same and sells to industrial users, public 

se1:vice corporations, educational institutions, government or political 

subdivisions and other trade outlets. 

SEC. 7. The term "employee" as used herein Ir1cans anyone 

engaged in the Trade in any capacity receiving compensation for 

his services, irrespective of the nature or method of payment of 

such compensation. 

SEc. 8. The term " employer " as used herein means anyone by 

whom any employee is compensated or employed. 

SEC. 9. The term "member of the Trade" a· used herein includes 

machine tool dealers, manufacturers' agents and importers of 

machine tools who are engaged in the distribution of new machine 

tools and equipment for same. 

SEc. 10. The term "member of the Code" as used herein includes 

any member of the Trade who shall expressly signify assent to this 

Code. 

SEc. 11. The term "President" means the President of the United 

States. 

SEc. 12. The term " trading areas " as used herein means the 

several territories outlined in agreements between machine tool 

dealers and machine tool manufacturers. 

SEC. 13. Population for the purposes of this Code shall be determined by reference to the 1930 Federal Census. 

ARTICLE III-HouRs 

SECTION 1. No employee, except as hereinafter provided, shall be 

permitted to work in excess of eight (8) hours per day or in excess 

o:f forty ( 40) hours per week, or in excess of six ( 6) days in any 

one week; provided, however, that during inventory and other peak 

periods, any employee may be permitted to work not to exceed 

forty-eight (48) hours per week in any three (3) weeks in any six 

(6) months period; provided, further, that the average hours worked 

by any employee shall not exceed forty ( 40) hours per week in any 

six ( 6) months' period. 

SEc. 2. The limitation of Section 1 of this Article III as to hours 

of work shall not apply to employees engaged in a managerial, 

executive, or supervisory capacity, who receive more than $35.00 per 

week, or to watchmen and outside salesmen. 

SEC. 3. The limitation of Section 1 of this Article III as to hours 

of work shall not apply to employees engaged in outside delivery 

service, plant maintenance, outside repair, and/ or installation service or to employees engaged in stock receiving and shipping service, 

who shall be permitted to work not ni.ore than forty-eight ( 48) hours 

per week, provided time and one-third is paid for all hours worked 

in excess of forty ( 40) hours per week. 

SEc. 4. No person under the age of sixteen (16) years shall be 

em ployed by any member of the Trade, and no person under the age 

of eighteen (18) years shall be employed in any hazardous 

occupation. 

SEc. 5. The total number of hours which shall be worked by any 

employee, whether with one or more employers, shall not exceed the 

maximum as prescribed herein. 
490 

ARTI LE I -WAGE 

"'E TIO 1. (a) Th minimum rat s of pay xcept as pr cribed in 

S tion 3 of thi rti le I shall be < f llow in ities of he population Ii ted b 1 and heir imn1 diate trade ar a : Over 500,000 

population not le than $15.00 per week; 2 0,000 population or over, 

but le than 500 00 population not 1 s than $14.50 per we k; under 

2 ~ ,000 popula ion not less than $14.00 per w ek. 

EC. 2. No part-tim emplo ee hall be paid at a rate 1 ss than the 

minimum rate prescribed in ection 1 of this Article IV. 

EC. 3. Junior employees between the ages of sixteen (16) and 

ighteen (18) years, inclusive, with le s than six (6) months' experience in the Trad , may be paid at a rate of $2.00 le s per week than 

the minimum rates prescribed in Section 1 of this Article IV; provided, however, that such junior employees shall not exceed in number five (5) percent of the total number of employee of any one 

employer; and provided, further, that each employer may have at 

least one junior employee in each district office. 

SEc. 4. No employee now receiving compensation at a rate in 

excess of the minimum herein prescribed shall have his weekly compensation reduced on account of any reduction in the weekly hours 

of employment to conform with the requirements of Article III. 

SEc. 5. The hourly wage rate or salary of all employees receiving 

more than the minimum rate or salary herein prescribed shall be 

equitably adjusted, if such adjustments have not already been made. 

SEc. 6. No distinction in rates shall be made between male and 

female employees, where the same class of work is performed regardless of whether compensation is calculated on an hourly, weekly, 

or other basis. · . SEo. 7. No employee shall be included in one of the classifications 

excepted from the provisions of this Code unless the identical :functions were identically classified on June 16, 1933. 

SEc. 8. No person who has worked as a junior employee in the 

Trade for the period of time prescribed in Section 3 of this Article 

IV may thereafter be classified as a junior employoo. 

EC. 9. This Article establishes minimum rates of pay for all 

employees regardless of whether the employees' compensation is 

calculated on an hourly, weekly, or other basis. 

ARTICLE V-ADMINISTRA TION 

SECTION 1. To effectuate the policies of the Act a Supervisory 

Agency is hereby constituted to cooperate with the Administrator in 

the admini tration of this Code. 

EC. 2. During the ixty (60) day p riod following the effective 

elate of this Code, the Code Committee of the Associated :Machine 

Tool Dealer shall con titute a Temporary Supervi ory Agency. 

Thi · ommittee shall con ist of five ( 5) 1nembers, and the dn1inistrator in hi. di cretion, 111ay appoint not more than three (3) additional m mber ( without vote) to repr ent the Administrator or 

uch OTOUJ or int r ts as may be ao-r d upon. 

EC. . T p rmit repr . entation f niemb r of the Trade, not 

m mber. of the . ocia tecl '.fa hin Tool Dealer , the latter shall, 
491 

within sixty (60) days after this Code becomes effective, set up a 

permanent Supervisory Agency to succeed the Temporary Agency. 

Such permanent Agency shall be elected by the members of the 

Trade, each member of the Trade to have equal vote. Such election 

shall be by mail ballot, which ballot shall be sent to all known members of the Trade. This permanent Agency shall consist of seven 

(7) voting members of which at 1east five (5) shall be members of 

the Association, and Administrator's appointees (if any) as referred 

to in Section 2 of this Article V. 

SEc. 4. In order that the Supervisory Agency shall at ·an times be 

truly representative of the Trade, and in other respects comply with 

the provisions of the Act, the Administrator may provide such hearings as he may deem proper; and, thereafter, if he shall find that the 

Supervisory Agency is not truly representative, or does not in other 

respect~ comply with the provisions of the Act, may require an appropriate modification in the method of selection of the Supervisory 

Agency. 

SEc. 5. Any member of the Trade may become a member of the 

Associated ~1:achine Tool Dealers, and there shall be no inequitable 

restrictions on such membership. Any member of the Trade may 

participate in the preparation or any revision of, or additions or 

supplements to, this Code by accepting his prorata share of the cost 

and responsibility of creating and administering it by paying to the 

Supervisory Agency his prora.ta share of the cost of creating and 

administering this Code, as determined by the Sμperivsory Agency, 

subject to the right o:f the Administrator, on review, to disapprove or 

modify such determination of the Supervisory Agency. 

Soo: 6. Nothing contained in this Code shall constitute the members of the Code Authority partners :for any purpose. Nor shall any 

member of the Code Authority be liable in any manner to anyone :for 

any act of any other member, officer, agent, or employee of the Code 

Authority. Nor shall any member of the Code Authority, exercising 

reasonable diligence in the conduct of his duties hereunder, be liable 

to anyone for any action or omission to act under this Code; except 

for his own willful misfeasance or nonfeasance. 

SEc. 7. The Supervisory Agency shall have the following duties 

R?,d powers to the_ e;Xtent permitted by this A~t and subject to ~he 

right o:f the Administrator, upon review, to disapprove or modify 

any action taken by the Supervisory Agency. 

(a) To collect :from m.embers of the Trade all data, reports, and 

statistics when and as required by the President and/ or the Administrator and/ or their agent or agents; also to collect such data, reports, and statistics as may be required from time to time by the 

Supervisory Agency. All such information shall be kept confidential, except insofar as disclosure may be necessary for the effective 

administration and enforcement o,:f this Code. Such data as 1nay be 

requested by the Acbninistrator shall be n1ade available to him. 

Reports submitted by the Supervisory Agency to the President or 

the Administrator shall be in the form prescribed or provided by 

him. Nothing in this subdivision shall be considered as limiting the 

powers conferred on the President or the Administrator by Title I 

of the Act. 
49~ 

(b) In a lditi n t information reqnir ubmitted to the 

npervi. ry ... er n y ther hall b furni. h l t v rnm nt acr n ·i s 

ueh ~tati..,ti al infonnation a. th Admini. trator may cl m n ce::;-

ur' f r the purpo-- r cit din ·ti n 3 (a) of the ct. 

( ·) T hear an l irn- ~tirrate c rn1 luinis and att m1 t t adju t the 

am in accordanc with law. 

( cl) To tudy the tra l -pra tic provi i ns of Adi 1 I hereof 

an l th op ration hereof, an l make such r commen lations from 

time to tim to the A lmini trator as it l em de ·irable for modification or addition thereto, which upon the approval of the dministrator after uch hearing a· he may pre cribc hall become a part of 

thi ode and have full force and effect as provi ions hereof. ( e) To r pre ent the Trade in conferring with the President or his 

ag nt with re pect to the administration of this Code and in respect 

to th Act and any regulations i. sued thereunder. 

(f) To make rules and regulations•neces ary for the administration o-f this Code. 

(g) To coordinate the administration of this Code with such codes, 

if any, a may be adopted by any subdivision of this Trade or any 

related Trade or Indu try, with a view to providing joint and harmonious action on all matters of common intere t, all with the 

approval of the Administrator. 

(h) Any notice, demand or request required or permitted to be 

given to or to be made upon any member of the Trade hall be sufficiently given if mailed, postao·e prepaid, addressed to such member of 

the Trade, at his address on file with the Super isory Agency. 

(i) 1' henever in the judgment of the Administrator and the 

upervi ory Agency of the :Machine Tool and Forging J\1:achinery 

Indu try and the Supervisory Agency herein establi heel it becomes 

advi able to appoint an arbitration board, such action shall be taken. 

ARTICLE VI-TRADE PRACTICES 

SEcTio 1. Unfair practic shall be deemed to be practices or act 

which by subterfuge, concealment, misrepresentation or by any form 

of di crimination, result in selling below I ublished price or in de- ceiving or mi leading pur haser , or in misrepresentino· the o-oods of 

competitors. The followino- specific practices con titute unfair 

method of competition for members of the Trade an l hall be 

prohibited : 

EC. 2. False ~1 arking OJ' Brandings.-The fal e marking or bran ling of any ooods which has the tendency to mi lead or leceiYc cu -

tomer or I ro pective cu tomer whether as to the grade qualit , quantity, sub tance, character, nature, orio·in, ize fini h or preparation of any uch goods or otherwi . EC. 3. i}f isrepl'esentation 01· Fal,se 01· lll i leading Ad e1'f i in,1.- The rnakino- or cau ing or knowino-ly permittin to be ma<l or 

publi. heel any fal e, mat rially inaccurate or decepti e tat m nt by 

way of atlYerti ement or otherwi whether concerning the ~rade 

qualit quantity, sub tanc chara ter natur origin, ize 11ni. h, 

or pr paration of any o-ood of the Tra le r the ere lit term valu 

policies: or ervi of an. m mb r of the Trad , or otherwi e having 

the tentlen ·y or apacity to mi lea l or ler iY cu tomer or 

pro pectfre cu tomer . 
493 

SEc. 4. Oowmercwl Brl,bery.-Directly or indirectly to . give or 

permit to be given, or offer to give, money or anything of value to 

agents, employees, or representatives of customers or prospective 

customers, or to agents, employees, or representatives of competitor's 

customers or prospective customers, without the knowledge of their 

employers or principals, as an inducement to influence their employers or principals to purchase or contract to purchase from the 

makers of such gifts or offers, or to influence such employers or 

principals to refrain from dealing or contracting to deal with 

competitors. 

SEc. 5. Interfe1·ence with Contractual Relations.-Maliciously inducing or attempting to induce the breach of an existing oral or 

written contract between a competitor and his customer or source of 

supply, or interfering with or obstructing the perforinance of any 

such contractual duties or services. 

SEc. 6. Secret Rebates.-The secret payment or allowance of rebates, refunds.., comn1issions, credits, or unearned discounts, whether 

in the form ot money or otherwise, or the secret extension to certain 

purchasers of special services or privileges not extended to all purchasers on like terms and conditions. 

SEc. 7. Giving of Prizes, Premium,s, or Gifts.-The offering or 

giving of prizes, premiums, or gifts in connection with the sale of 

goods, or as an inducement thereto, by any scheme which involves 

lottery, misrepresentation, or fraud. 

SEC. 8. Defamation.-The defamation of competitors by falsely 

imputing to them dishonorable conduct, inability to perform contracts, questionable credit standing, or by other false representations 

or by the false disparage1nent of the grade or quality of their goods. 

SEC. 9. Threats of Litigation.-The publishing or circulating of 

threats of suits for infringement of patents or trade marks or of any 

other legal proceedings not in good faith, with the tendency or 

effect of harrassing competitors or intimidating their customers. 

SEC. 10. This Trade is engaged in the business of distributing machine tools to industrial users and not to the general public. Some of 

the product is sold directly by the manufacturer, and some by commission salesmen and agents, and all resales are on a commission 

basis. In order that open prices may be maintained without discrimination, it is established that the individual manufacturers' published 

prices shall govern. Therefore, no member of the Trade in selling 

goods on a commission, as above outlined shall deviate from the 

manufacturers' f .o.b. factory price lists and discounts, or sell directly 

or indirectly by any means whatsoever, any of such goods at a price 

lower or at discounts greater than those provided in the manufacturers current net price lists or price lists and di. count sheets, 

except damaged and obsolete goods, and then only aft-er being 

reported to the Supervisory Agency. 

SEc. 11. To quote a lump sum price on any chedule of goods 

which does not show unit prices, or to make any additions or reductions on any other ba is than the unit prices shown. 

SEC. 12. To quote delivered prices or inYoice purchaser without 

adding to the f.o.b. factory prices, transportation and other charges 

and to fail to state in quotation where freight is prepaid that such 

prepaid freight will be charg;ed as a separate item and billed net 

cash. 
494 

n1'T 'Le Y I-Tn,rnr..,. , RE.\ Co r IITI'EE 

RE TIOX 1. The npt1 1Ti. rn•~- .. \ g011 cy . lrnll e t, bli h in a h Tradinti \.r n. a Tra ling ... \.rPa Commi t.tc r of not mor than thre rn mb r 

f th Tr::t<l t n, si. t in aclmjnist ring thi 'od within n ·h trading 

ar a ubj t rcvi w of th A<lmini. trator. 

SE ...... Ea h Tra ling Ar a C mmiU e may . tabli h subj t t 

th a1 l roval f th ~ upervi ·ory \.g n y an l th .Aclmini, trat r, a 

tra 1 -in I lan to g vern all m mb r of th Trad within th juri - hcti n of uch Trad in c-r ommitt e. 

RTI LE ' III-GENERAL PR YI I N 

ECTl N 1. Em1 lo . · hall hav the rjght to organize an 1 bargain 

collecti ely through rel re ntativrs of their own hoo.·ina ancl ·hall 

be free from the interferenc re traint, or coercion of emplo' rs of 

labor or their agents in the designation of such representati s or in 

s lf-organizn,tion or in other concerted activities for the purpo e of 

collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection. 

EC. 2. o employe and no one seeking employment shall be required as a condition of employment to join any company union 

or to refrain fro111 joining, organizing, or assisting a labor organization of hi own choosing. 

SEC. 3. Employers hall comply with the maximum hour of labor, 

minimum rates of pay, and other conditions of employment approYcd or prescribed by the Pre ident. 

SEc. 4. This Code and all the provisions thereof are expressly 

ma :le ubject to the right of the President, in accordance with the 

provi ions of sub ection (b) of Sect.ion 10 of the Act from time to 

time to cancel or modify any order, approval, license, rule, or regulation i sued under Title I of said Act and specifically but without 

limitation, to the right of the Pre ·ident to cancel or modify his 

approval thereof. 

SEc. 5. '\Vithin each State, members of the Trade shall comply 

with any laws of such State imposing more tringent requir ment 

regulating the age of emplo} ee , wage., hours of work or health 

fire or general working conditions, than under this Code. 

SEC. <3. Such provisions of this Code as are not required to be 

include i herein by the Act 111ay, with the approval of the Pr ident, 

be modified or eliminated as cha:npes in circum tances or experience 

may indicate. It is contemplated that :from time to time supplem ntary pro, i ion to thi. Code or additional codes may be submitted 

for the approval of the President to prevent unfair ompetition in 

price or other unfair and de tructive competiti e practices and to 

effcc uate the other purpo es an 1 poli ies of Title I of the Act consistent with the provi ·ions thereof. 

SEc. 7. o provi ions in this Co le ·hall b interpr ted or a1 pli cl 

in uch a manner a to : 

(a) Promote monopolie · r n1ono1 oli tic pra tice ; 

!

b) p rmit or ncourage unfair competition; 

) eliminate or 01 pr s mall enterprises; or 

cl) di criminate again. t small ent rpri e . E ·. . If any m mber of thi. Trad is al o a member of an. 

other Trade or In ln.try the provi ions of this Code shall apply 
495 

and affect only that part of the business of such member which is 

a part of the Trade covered by this Code. 

SEC. 9. Whereas the policY. of the Act to increase real purchasing 

power will be made impossible of consummation if prices of goods 

and services increase as rapidly as wages, it is recognized that price 

increases should be delayed and that when made they should so far 

as is reasonably possible be limited to actual increases in the seller's 

cost. 

SEc. 10. Each member of the Trade shall post in a conspicuous 

place full copies of this Code. 

SEC. 11. This Code shall be in effect beginning on the eleventh 

day after its approval by the President and shall be binding upon 

all members of the Trade. 

Approved Code No. 139 

Registry No. 1149-12 

0 


UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 

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