INDIAN SCIENTIST CLAIMS U.S. FEARS OF TERRORIST NUCLEAR THREAT UNFOUNDED

Teheran EITELA'AT in Persian 12 Apr 77 p 7

Ltext_J India was the first developing country to begin as early as 1950

to establish an atomic power plant and to train its scientists in the field
of nuclear energy. Nowadays, 27 years after beginning these activities,

India has abundant experience in the management, protection and safeguarding
of reactors and therefore is considered an excellent example of the transfer
of nuclear technology. Hereunder is our correspondent's special interview
with four prominent members of India's board of atomic scientists and experts,
among them Raja Ramana, chairman of the board,

EITELA'AT: Under what circumstances did India begin its atomic power plant
program?

Answer: When the Government of India decided in 1950 to build its first
nuclear power plant, two different routes were considered: first-~-design

and build a small nuclear power plant so that, by making use of the experience
gained, it would be possible to design and build a large power plants; second—
turn over the construction of the power plant to a foreign comtry. After

the necessary studies, the second route was chosen because, in this way, it

“would be possible to gain experience in operating and managing the power plant

in a shorter period of time. This choice created abundant differences in

the manner of construction of India's first and second power plants, For example,
the first reactor was constructed totally by an American company; whereas,. the
second power plant was constructed through cooperation between India and Canada.
For the first reactor, only the selection of the site, the contractor and the
contract regulations, as well as inspection of the construction of the power
plant were the responsibility of India; but, for the second reactor, India

was responsible for the construction and installation, with only minimm
supervision by Canada.

With the severence of the nuclear cooperation ties between India and Canada

in 1974, the completion of the second power plant was carried out totally by
India itself, At the present time, India has made its goal the program for

14



[Question] Is the Mcslem national movement in the Philippines split into
several competing parties as the Eritrean national liberation movement is?

[Answer] No. The Moro Front is the only Moslem nationalist movement in the
Philippines. In this connection, I emphasize the fact that the Front intends
to put an end to a domination of the colonial type perpetuated by the Manila
government and that this type of problem cannot in reality be resolved except
through armed struggle. After being independent for 5 centuries, our country
has been turned over bound hand and foot to the Philippine puppets and the
latter will yield only to force.

[Question] Have you sought foreign aid to that end?

[Answer] We are receiving no aid from Cuba, the People's Republic of China,
from the USSR. Only countries belonging to the Moslem world are giving us
direct support.

[Question] Do you wish to set your front’ apart. from communism?

{Answer] That is pointless in that we are definitely not a communist move-
ment, we are a Moslem nationalist movement trying to free a Moslem country
from the Philippine colonial yoke.

The Manila government, for its part; is helped at the military level mainly by
the United States and Israel. Those two countries maintain military advisers
in the Philippines and deliver sophisticated war materiél right there.

[Question] Can the Philippine Moslems really seek to create a viable inde-
pendent state?

[Answer] Of course. We have the bulk of the archipelago's resources. In
particular where copra, tropical fruit and textile fibers are concerned. We
have large mining and petroleum resources. There are over 5 million of us,
contrary to what the Filipinos say. In affirming that there are only 3 mil-
lion of us, not content with massacring our people systematically, they are
also engaging in real statistical genocide.

8094
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35



NEPAL

BRIEFS

AMBASSADOR TO INDONESIA--The royal Nepalese ambassador to Burma, Mr Shardul
Shumshere Jung Bahadar Rana, has also been appointed royal Nepalese ambassador
to Indonesia. [Katmandu External Service in English 1450 GMP 5 Jun 77 BK]

AMBASSADOR TO MALAYSIA, SINGAPORE--His Majesty the King has appointed royal
Nepalese ambassador to Burma Mr Shardul Shumshere Jung Bahadur Rana con-
current ambassador to Malaysia and Singapore also. This was stated in a
notice of the principal press secretariat of His Majesty the King issued
10 June. [Text] [Katmandu External Service in English 1450 GME 10 Jun 77 BK]

CANADIAN AID--The Canadian Government is to provide an assistance of about
55 million rupees to Nepal. It will help to delineate land maps in the far
western development region. According to a Finance Ministry release, under
the project land utilization maps are to be prepared. ‘The project will
provide the government data necessary to work out a feasible land reforms
policy vital for the economic development of the region. [Katmandu External
Service in English 1450 GMT 10 Jun 77 BK] .

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31



At present our revolutionary army has joined forces with the cooperative
peasant masses to bring a successful finish to the battle to construct irri-
gation works. Our revolutionary army is now continuing the offensive to make
all-round preparations so that this year's rainy season rice-planting drive
can become most powerful in order to contribute to increasing rice production
to the maximum in line with the revolutionary organization's plan.

In fact, the brothers and sisters of the revolutionary army have already pre-
pared farm tools, rice seeds, natural fertilizers, agricultural chemicals

and food so that there will not be any setbacks or delays in the offensive
to plant this year's rainy season rice crop.

In maintaining farm equipment the Cambodian Revolutionary Army has assigned
an adequate force to repair and overhaul old plows and harrows and to make
new ones in an even greater number so that the movement to till land and
plant this year's rice will be conducted smoothly without a hitch. So far
our revolutionary army in all units has been totally in control of the prob=
lem of farm equipment such as plows, harrows, oxcarts, knives, axes, hoes
and waterwheels.

As for the question of mixing natural fertilizers to improve soil quality,

it has been successfully dealt with by our revolutionary army in all units.

In short, the brothers are now in a position to apply as much as 10 to 15 tons
of natural fertilizers to each hectare of land.

Regarding the question of agricultural chemicals, our revolutionary army has
made a large quantity of insecticides available by mixing several local in-
gredients such as manioc tubers, tobacco leaves, cicca racemosa bark and
strychnine bark. To date the brothers have succeeded in preparing and
storing thousands of liters of insecticides in each unit.

The brothers have also paid great attention to screening and selecting rice
seeds which are being well cared for and tightly stored. The seeds are being
kept in safe places and are separated by strain. This is to prevent the
mixing of different strains of rice, which could cause some unwanted hitches
to efforts to increase rice production along the lim set by the revolutionary
organization. To insure that the seeds grow well, the brothers usually dry
them in the sun beforehand.

As far as the food question is concerned, our revolutionary army is completely
in control of the supply of rice, fish, meat and vegetables. ‘The brothers
continue to plant various kinds of vegetables, aquatic or otherwise. They
are planting vegetables virtually everywhere~-in village compounds, fields

and so on--so that fresh vegetables will remain available all year round.

Today, immediately after the first rainfall, our revolutionary army's male
and female combatants and cadres in all units are very seethingly beginning
to cultivate the early rice crops.



INDONESIA |

FORMER PERTAMINA OFFICIALS UNDER DETENTION AND INVESTIGATION
Jakarta TEMPO in Indonesian 2 Apr 77 pp 9-10
[Article: "Ibnu Sutowo Is Asked To Stay Home]

[Text] Actually, the question had been in the air since the middle of
March when Dr Ibnu Sutowo, general chairman of the Indonesian Golf
Association (PGI), failed to show up to open the 1977 Indonesian Golf
Championship at Jakarta's Ancol course, Ibnu Sutowo also was absent from
the closing ceremonies of the 1977 Asian Golf Circuit, The circuit was

held between the 17th and 20th of March, There was only a message from

the general chairman of the PGI expressing "warm regards" to the participants
from various countries, a message which could also be read in a promotional
brochure issued in connection with this golf championship.

Where might the former executive director of Pertamina be? One golfer,
who felt "lost" in his absence, commented, "There certainly must have
been matters more important than golf to keep Ibnu from being here."

On the "outside" there was rampant speculation that Ibnu Sutowo's absence
was connected with an official investigation. And "the matters more
important than golf" were revealed when the chief of staff of Kopkamtib
[Command for the Restoration of Security and Order], Admiral Sudomo,
confirmed that Ibnu was being detained in his own house, Sudomo did not
use the term "house detention," but said that he had been "asked to stay
home .""

Sudomo, who was reporting to the President at the Bina Graha Building
toward the end of last month, did not want to elaborate, He did confirm
that the request that Ibnu Sutowo stay home was connected with the
government's investigation into the troubles that have appeared in
Pertamina.

Sudomo indicated that the Office of the Attorney General is the agency
that is authorized to comment on this "detention," and Attorney General
Ali Said did issue a statement just last Saturday. According to Ali Said,
"Ibnu Sutowo is not under detention," Taking a somewhat different tack
than Sudomo, Ali Said said, "Ibnu Sutowo has only been requested to be

18



REPUBLIC OF CHINA

BRIEFS

STERILIZATION STATISTICS--Some 65,535 people in Taiwan have received
voluntary sterilization operations with males accounting for only 4,527,
according to statistics released by the Association for Voluntary Steri-
lization, Republic of China, yesterday. The ratio of sterilization for
men and women is 1:12, showing that the concept of male sterilization has
not as yet been established and that most men have little knowledge of the
operation. According to the same statistics, the educational background
of those who received sterilization is higher than those who use contra-
ceptive devices. The statistics also showed that the average age for men
who received sterilization operations is 39 while the average age for
women is 30. A spokesman of the Association said in order to enhance the
people's understanding of sterilization, the Association will step up
propaganda through the mass media TV, newspapers and radio stations.
[Text] [Taipei CHINA POST in English 8 May 77 p 6]

POPULATION FIGURES--The population in Taiwan area as of the end of April
stood at 16,609,961, the Interior Ministry said yesterday. Of the total,
males, numbering 8,692,529, surpassed females by 775,097. Females totaled
7,917,432. Areawise, there were 14,501,768 persons residing in Taiwan
province and 2,108,193 in Taipei city. [Text] [Taipei CHINA POST in
English 28 May 77 p 10]

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36



CONTENTS (Continued)
Indian Scientist Claims U.S. Fears of Terrorist Nuclear
Threat Unfounded
(BETELA'AT, 12 Apr 77) cscccccccccccccccecsceeceeees
INDONESIA

Former Pertamina Officials Under Detention and Investigation
(TEMPO, 2 Apr 77) sccccccceccccecccceeseceeceees

Briefs
East Timor Telecommunications
South Kalimantan Transmigrants
ANTARA-ANSA Cooperation
Transmigration Out of Java

LAOS
Discussion of Trade Policies
(SIANG PASASON, 21 Apr 77) ceccececceccececceesecece
Resources in Laos
(STANG PASASON, 9 Apr 77) secceecceecceccenccceseees
Briefs
Coffee Production
Hotel Improvement
Animal Feed Factory
French Citizens Held
MALAYSIA
Malaysia To Set Up Forward Base Camp in Kelantan
(NEW STRAITS TIMES, 9 Jun 77) cececcsccecercecceceees
NEPAL
Nepal Hit by Excessive Rains Followed by Drought
(APP, 7 Jun 77) cvcccscccccccececcrcrscescessccecenes
Briefs
Anibassador to Indonesia
Ambassador to Malaysia, Singapore
Canadian Aid
PAKISTAN
Briefs

Rice Export
New Italian Ambassador

-b-

Page

14

28

29

31
31
31

32
32



NEPAL

NEPAL HIT BY EXCESSIVE RAINS FOLLOWED BY DROUGHT
Hong Kong AFP in English 1425 GMT 7 Jun 77 BK

[Text] Katmandu, 7 Jun (AFP)--The excessive rains followed by drought has
caused recession on the food production of this landlocked mountainous
kingdom of Nepal.

The western and eastern hilly regions of Nepal are now facing acute shortage
of food which may worsen the situation if the government would not make
immediate arrangements for the supply of the food grains in these chronic
food-deficient areas. Over 350,000 people in about 24 districts including
Myangdi, Kaski, Mugu, Marsyandi, Doti, Dolpo, Jomosom Baitadi in the western
region and Kabhru, Taplejung, Bhojpur, Sankhuwa Shabha in the eastern region
are hard hit by the food shortage.

In its bid to ensure regular supply of food grains in those food deficit

areas the Nepal Food Corporation [NFC]--a semigovernmental organisation,

has started supplying food. It plans to supply altogether 34,000 metric

tons of food grains in the next 6 weeks when the current fiscal year will
close.

Nepalese Prime Minister Dr Tulsi Giri in his recent press conference had
warned the nation that this year the paddy production--a major exportable
item--would decrease by 8 percent due to poor crops in the western and
eastern hilly regions. He had warned that the price of food grains would
rise.

Two aircraft of the Royal Nepal Airlines Corporation (RNAC) the national
flag carrier, have been airlifting the food supply in the shortage areas
in order to avert possible starvation.

A spokesman of the Nepal Food Corporation said that the airlifting of the
food grains will be completed before the monsoon.

29



developing and constructing "rapid breeder" reactors,

EITELA'AT: Why have you made the development and construction of breeder
reactors your goal?

Answer: In our opinion, the breeder reactor is one of the greatest inventions
of this century and, therefore, most of the work through technology should
take place on these reactors. The difference between the breeder reactor and
the standard reactor is the breeder reactor produces the most energy with
the least difficulty. The energy produced in these reactors is greater than
the fuel consumed. These reactors are capable of producing additional

energy from the plutonium obtained from the standard reactors.

EITELA'AT: The development, perfection and then construction of these types
of reactors is a debatable question. Is not the construction of these reactors
a political question?

Answer: If this is a political question, then, it mst be solved through
political channels; but, it should be pointed out that, for the most part,
development of these reactors is a technical question and requires careful
study and lengthy research and development of these reactors will contribute
immeasurably to raising the level of nuclear technology in a country.

Terrorists

EITELA'AT: America's fear, as expressed by Thorne, one of the prominent members
of America's Energy Research and Development Agency, in his speech, is
International Terrorism, because there is a danger that terrorists will find
access to plutonium through some of the countries and easily build an atomic
bomb, Therefore, America wants to limit the development of these kinds of
reactors. Is such a fear justified and what is your view regarding a more
efficient atomic policy?

Answer: Not only is such a fear unjustified, it is also exagerrated because
terrorists could obtain dangerous chemicals or dangerous bacteria, which

exists in laboratories, and inflict even greater damage in this way.. What
isthe American government attempting to do in this instance? From the very
beginning, the Indian Government has endeavored to become self-sufficient
regarding its nuclear industry. Now we have attained such self-suffiency

and we are not willing to agree, on the one hand, to halt our research programs
and, on the other hand, to limit nuclear technology to a few exclusive countries
for a prolonged period of time.

EITELA'AT: Has India exported nuclear technology to other countries and does
this question have a commercial aspect for the country of India?

'” Answer: We still have not sold our nuclear technology to any other country,

but, we have concluded cooperation agreements with many countries, among
them Iran, either to assist them or to exchange with them information on
nuclear technology. -



INDONESIA

BRIEFS

EAST TIMOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS--The development of the telecommunications
network in East Timor will be carried out in stages under central government
aid with the cooperation of the telecommunications corporation on the same
level as in other regions of Indonesia, the head of the telephone office in
Dili said, he called on the government to provide East Timor with telephone
facilities and operators to replace the old Portuguese telecommunications
system. [Jakarta Domestic Service in Indonesian 1500 GMI 28 May 77 BK]

SOUTH KALIMANTAN TRANSMIGRANTS--The target of 1,000 transmigrant families
for the Tajau Pecah Dua transmigration project in south Kalimantan for the
1976-1977 fiscal year has been achieved. A total of 5,439 transmigrant
families consisting of 25,000 people have been resettled in south Kalimantan
province from the first 5-year development plen up to the 1976-1977 fiscal
year. They all came from Java except 100 families who came from Bali.
Another 2,000 families are expected to be resettled in the province in the
1977-1978 fiscal year. [Jakarta Domestic Service in Indonesian 1500 GMT

28 May 77 BK]

ANTARA-ANSA COOPERATION--ANTARA and Italy's ANSA today signed a cooperation
agreement on the exchange of news in an effort to correct the imbalance in
the flow of news between advanced and developing countries. The agreement
was signed by Italian Ambassador to Indonesia Elio Pascarelli and ANTARA
General Manager Ismail Saleh. It was witnessed by Information Department
Secretary General Sutikno Lukitodisastro. [Jakarta Domestic Service in
Indonesian 1200 GMT 3 Jun 77 BK]

TRANSMIGRATION OUT OF JAVA--Some 17,000 families in Central Java will be
resettled in transmigration projects outside Java during the 1978-1979
fiscal year. The 17,000 families were part of last year's plan to resettle
some 50,000 families from Java, Bali and Nusatenggara regions. [Jakarta
Domestic Service in Indonesian 2300 GMT 3 Jun 77 BK]

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21



EITELA'AT: Is there any truth to the report published in one of the European
magazines that India now has more than 10,000 atomic scientists and experts?

Answer: We in India have many more than this number of atomic experts and
scientists, Inthe Bahba Power Station alone, more than 10,000 people are
employed and 6,000 of these people are specialized engineers and atomic
scientists; the rest of the people are administrative and management cadreg
and computer operators, We probably have more than 20,000 nuclear experts:
and scientists working in all four of India's power plants,

851,
CSO: 4806

17



The spokesman of NFC said that the food scarcity problem in the hilly region
will persist until mid-November when maize crops will be ready for eating.
However, local press reports said that the prospects for the maize crops

are also bleak because of untimely excessive rains and hail storm 6 weeks
ago and this had apparently damaged the maize plants.

In view of the recession on the paddy production Nepal's exports are also
expected to decline in the coming months. ‘This has obliged the Nepalese
Government to introduce measures to simplify export trade aimed at stimulat-
ing the exports. This new export measure is expected to be announced in
the first week of July when the new budget will be announced.

Last year Nepal produced 3.9 million metric tons of food grains of which
2.5 million metric tons are paddy; 250,000 metric tons are exported to
overseas markets including China, Bangladesh and some Arab countries.

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30



HUGE DEFICIT IN JANATA GOVERNMENT'S 7 WEEKS IN OFFICE
Bombay THE TIMES of India in English 9 Jun 77 p 1 BK
[Article by our special correspondent]

[Text] New Delhi, 8 June--Deficit financing has amounted to rs. 850 crores
in the Janata government's first 7 weeks in office, despite its oft-repeated
intention to avoid altogether such an inflationary form of financing its
expenditure.

Official statistics show that between 25 March and 13 May, the net credit
of the Reserve Bank of India [RBI] to the government rose by rs. 850 crores.
It is this quantity that economists define as deficit financing. It is
different from the budgetary deficit, which measures only the short-term
debt of the government. The net RBI credit to the government is the amount
of freshly created money in the economy which is, therefore, inflationary.

Deficit financing is frequently high in the first few months of the financial
year. In the corresponding period last year, deficit financing was to the
tune of rs. 671 crores. ‘The higher figure this year is partly why the price
rise in the 4 weeks ending 14 May was 2.1 percent compared with 1.7 percent
in the corresponding period last year. Essential commodities have risen

by 3.2 percent in this period compared to 3 percent last year. Manufactured
products have gone up 1.4 percent against last year's 1.1 percent.

The overall increase in money supply in the 7 weeks between 25 March and
13 May was rs. 651 crores, against rs. 608 crores in the same period of
1976. But in percentage terms, money supply rose by only 4.3 percent this
year against 4.8 percent lastyyear. ‘Thus, money supply has grown less
rapidly, but its inflationary impact has been more because of the higher
net credit of the RBI to the government.

Another major contributor to the rising money supply have been the foreign

exchange reserves. These reserves shot up by rs. 593 crores in the 7 weeks,
against a fall of rs. 138 crores in the same period last year.

12



BANGLADESH

BRIEFS

PETROLEUM INSTITUTE--A petroleum institute is to be set up in Bangladesh
with Algerian assistance under a letter of understanding signed in Dacca

on 12 June. It envisages that 50 Bangladesh technicians will be given
training in the Algerian Petroleum Institute in September next. The

visiting six-member Algerian delegation signed the agreement. [Dacca Domestic
Service in Mnglish 1530 GM? 12 Jun 77 BK]

TEA PRODUCTION--Bangladesh produced about 5 million pounds of tea in

April 1977, representing an increase of more than 1 million pounds over the
production in the corresponding period in 1976. ‘The country earned nearly
27 million taka in foreign exchange by exporting over 2 million pounds of
tea during that period. [ecea Domestic Service in English 0145 GMT

12 Jun 77 BK]

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“FRENCH CITIZENS HELD--Iwo French nationals of Lao origin have been held
-for 6 months in Laos. One, a Mr Cavanna, the chauffeur at the Embassy of
France, is in a camp in the north; the other, a Mr Legue, a former Royal
Air Laos pilot, is imprisoned about 20 kilometers from the capital. The
Lao authorities do not recognize their French citizenship even though both
have French passports, and vote and pay their taxes in France. The
authorities accuse them of having worked for the French and of having
refused to attend the political seminars [required]. [Text] [Paris

LE POINT in French 6 Jun 77 p 67]

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eT



LAOS

RESOURCES IN LAOS
Vientiane SIANG PASASON in Lao 9 Apr 77 p 2

[Article by the Agricultural Office: "Things You Should Know: Resources in
Laos"]

[Text]

- Pine forest [pa mai pek], Meuang [district] Phoun, Xieng Khouang Province
- Pine forest, Phou Khao [mountain] Khouai, Vientiane Province

- Pine forest, Pha Mon, Sayaboury Province

- Pine forest, Na Kai, Khammouan Province

These are all vast pine forests. We also have many teak forests, for
example, in Paklai, Sayaboury, and Luang Prabang. Our forests also contain
Burmese ebony [mai du], [mai ken], jamba [mai deng], [mai chik], oak [mai
hang], [mai long leng], [mai gaung], and other types of trees.

In addition, along our mountain streams grow bamboon trees [mai phong (mai
phai)], such as long-sectioned bamboo [mai hia], bamboo used for house siding
[mai bong], bamboo with edible shoots [mai lai], [mai khouan], thornless
bamboo [mai sang], [mai kouang], and [mai sot]. We also have varieties of
mahogany [sisiat] and hardwood [ken khoun] trees. All of these trees are
valuable. Speaking of forest products, in addition to being great in quan-
tity, they are also of quality, for example, cardamon, stick lac, resin,
benzoin, chaulmoogra, sandalwood, rugger, honey, the bones of wild animals,
hides and so forth.

Oily fruits such as [mak kao], [mak gnao hin], and ginger [khing khai] are
particularly good for export trade. Wild animals also live in our forests,
including elephants, tigers, bears, gaur, deer, muntjak, barking deer,
gibbons, monkeys, gray monkeys, and various types of birds such as doves,
peacocks, jackdaws, parrots, wild chickens, green pigeons, and wild pigeons.
There are thousands of other species of birds and wild animals as well.



AUSTRALIA

POLICY ON REFUGEE IMMIGRATION ANNOUNCED
Melbourne Overseas Service in English 1510 GMT 24 May 77 OW
[From Focus on Australia Program]

[Text] The Australian Government has announced its long-awaited policy on
refugee immigration. The first people to benefit from the new policy will
be Indochinese refugees. Australia until now has had no comprehensive
policy to cope with refugee situations, and the government has faced strong
criticism within Australia for not allowing entry to more refugee migrants.
Here's Jeff Herriott:

[begin recording] The ministerial statement to Parliament announcing the
refugee policy did not specify the number of people to be given entry per-
mits in any one year. One figure that has been talked about in the past
is 10,000, but I suggest this only as a reference point and not as a pre-
diction of future levels. The minister for immigration, Mr Mackellar,
told Parliament that the policy is based on four main principles: [that]
Australia recognizes its humanitarian commitment to admit refugees, but
that the decision to admit refugees must always remain with the Australian
Government; that special assistance would often be needed. for the movement
and resettlement of refugees; and that it might be not in the best inter-
ests of some refugees to settle in Australia, rather their interests might
be better served by resettlement elsewhere.

Mr Mackellar said the first action under this policy would be to send
immigration staff temporarily to Thailand to help victims of the Indochina
war. This would be done in cooperation with the United Nations High Com-
mission for Refugees, the Government of Thailand and voluntary agencies

in Australia. The minister said an interdepartmental committee on refu-
gees would be established to review and advise on Australia's capacity to
accept refugees. Other moves will include posting an Australian officer
to the United Nations Commission for Refugees in Geneva, reestablish formal
relations with the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration and
to strengthen the refugee unit within the Department of Immigration.



CONTENTS (Continued) Page
PHILIPPINES

Moro Liberation Front Leader Interviewed
(Nur Misuari Interview; LE MONDE, 31 May 77) .-.seeee- 33

REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Briefs
Sterilization Statistics 36
Population Figures 36
SRI LANKA

Trade With Third World Registers Marked Increase
(Colombo International Service, 10 Jun 77) esceceseees 37

Briefs
Relations With Costa Rica 38
Government Spending 38
New Ambassador Appointed 38



The reserve bank has been trying to keep a tight rein on bank credit and

has succeeded to some extent. Bank credit expanded by only rs. 195 crores

in the 7 weeks this year against rs. 361 crores last year. Nonfood credit
rose by rs. 84 crores, less than half of the previous year's figure of

rs. 154 crores [figures as published]. Food credit increased by rs. 111 crores
against rs. 207.crores, a fact owing partly to rains which delayed wheat
arrivals in the market.

But while there has been restraint on credit, the currency element in

money supply has risen upwards and accounted for the lion's share of monetary
expansion. For instance, in the week ending 13 May, currency in circulation
shot up by rs. 106 crores, so that despite a contraction of rs. 34 crores

in bank deposits, the overall money supply rose by rs. 72 crores.

The high level of deficit financing in the government's first 7 weeks in
office does not necessarily maan that deficit financing will be massive at
the end of the financial year. In the past, deficit financing has been
higher in the first few months of the year than for the full 12-month
period. But there are also cases where it has gone from bad to worse.

It remains to be seen which pattern will be followed ‘this year.

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13



BANGLADESH

PROSPECTS BRIGHT FOR CHINESE-BANGLADESH TRADE
Departure of Delegation for China
Dacca Domestic Service in English 1530 GMT 4 Jun 77 BK

[Text] A 7-member Bangladesh trade delegation left for China this evening
to review the progress of bilateral trade between the two countries. The
delegation, composed of official and nonofficial members, will discuss with
Chinese officials implementation of the earlier barter protocol signed
between Bangaladesh and China last January.

A delegation (?member) told our representative that matters relating to
the promotion of exports from Bangladesh will also come up for discussion.

The delegation, led by the additional commerce secretary, will stay in
China for 6 days.

Return of Delegation
Dacca Domestic Service in English 1705 GMI 12 Jun 77 BK

[Text] China has shown keen interest to import fresh fruits and vegetables,
especially bananas and pineapple, from Bangladesh. Talking to BSS [Bangladesh
Sangbad Sangstha], the additional commerce secretary, who returned to Dacca
today after a 6-day visit to Peking at the head of a 7-member Bangladesh
trade delegation, said that China is ready to provide shipping facilities

for lifting these items.

About the review of bilateral trade under the barter protocol, he said both
sides have shown keen interest in the development of their trade relations.
He also spoke of the bright prospects for development of further trade be-
tween the two countries.

The delegation negotiated the purchase of pig iron, billets, coal, cotton
yarn, dyes, chemicals and bicycles from China and the sale of newsprint
and certain nontraditional items to that country.

It also held talks with the Chinese foreign trade minister.

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immediately available in the event he is needed." If Ibnu leaves the
city he has been asked to get prior permission from the Office of the
Attorney General. "However, fortunately, up to this time there has
been no need to ask for permission," Ali Said said. Ibnu Sutowo was
asked to remain at home on 15 March, 2 days before the golf championship
began, according to the attorney general,

Shrug Their Shoulders

Why is it that Ibnu Sutowo has only now been asked to remain at home?
Didn't the financial problems of Pertamina explode 2 years ago? People
in Pertamina only shrug their shoulders when asked about this matter,
However, one TEMPO source speculates that the matter is connected with
statements made by the former executive director of Pertamina in Palm
Springs. While attending the Bob Hope Desert Classic golf tournament

in Palm Springs, Sutowo discussed some of the reasons for the Pertamina
crisis in replying to questions from a reporter for THE ASIAN WALL STREET
JOURNAL, One of Ibnu's answers, according to this source, could be
considered as "contradicting Ibnu's own affidavit."

In connection with the dispute between Bruce Rappaport and the Indonesian
government over ocean tankers, Ibnu Sutowo is said to have signed a
so-called "sworn affidavit." Among other things, this affidavit says that
Ibnu signed a number of promissory notes (totalling $364.2 million-Ed.)

made out to tanker operator Bruce Rappaport as a form of personal assistance
to a friend who was in difficulty. However, Rappaport subsequently

pressed Pertamina for payment of these notes. Reportedly, Ibnu was
"furious" over Rappaport's "deceit," (TEMPO, 26 February 1977)

However, Ibnu reportedly did not blame Rappaport during the Palm Springs’
interview, which lasted only several minutes. Ibnu blamed "bad economic
conditions," among other things, as the cause of Indonesia's problems
with Rappaport,

In Pattaya

This report has been denied by Ibnu, But there was another incident.
Bruce Rappaport showed up in Pattaya, Thailand when the championship golf
tournament for Asia was held there on 3 to 6 March 1977, Rappaport, who
also promoted the golf tournament, met with Ibnu Sutowo at the Pattaya
Golf Club, By chance, Francis Galbraith, the former U, S, Ambassador in
Jakarta who is now a Rappaport consultant, also was at Pattaya.

Whether this three-sided meeting was a chance encounter is problematical,
But in any case, in addition to the investigation of Ibnu Sutowo there
are reports that several officials and former officials of Pertamina

are under detention. According to Attorney General Ali Said, two of the
former officials of Pertamina who have been detained under arrest and
detention warrants are "JN" and "T,"



JPRS 69339

30 June 1977

TRANSLATIONS ON SOUTH AND EAST ASIA
No. 724

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bring water into the fields. Many of them seemed ill. We stayed 2-3 days
around the camp without being spotted. On the way back, an ambush enabled
us to kill five communists and to recover their weapons.

"The second raid on Phnom Srok--70 km from the border," Sam Prasith explains,
“was much more dangerous than the first, because of the suspiciousness of the
Khmer Rouge, who have had heavy losses in that area. There, the prisoners
looked like the living dead. Seven of them, to whom we managed to indicate
our presence, escaped.

"Their accounts, confirmed by others hundreds of times, reechoed like a hor-
rific chant: the wiping out of 'bourgeois' classes, summary executions,
mass transportation of people, forced labor, death by starvation--above all
death, obsessive, ever-present, mind-turning. And above all this the Angkar
(the party and organization)--all-powerful, deified and merciless.

"The third raid on Varin--45 km from the border," Sam Prasith concludes, "was
a failure. The communists have been established in this area since the first
years of the war, and after the fall of Phnom Penh the reds carried out a num-
ber of mass killings of officials and servicemen of the old regime. We saw
the roads lined with corpses.

"We distributed leaflets informing the people that, under cover and in depri-
vation, partisans are getting organized and struggling for their deliverance.
At present, the resistance has 5,000 fighters in the jungle; but it lacks
weapons, leaders and coordination. Our group entered Thailand on 19.December
1976. Weweré all sick and exhausted. We will return to Cambodia soon to
create real liberated zones. This will be the second stage in our fight
against tyranny. We will have 6 million captives with us."

CSO: 4900



CAMBODIA

ANTICOMMUNIST GUERRILLA OPERATIONS IN CAMBODIA DESCRIBED BY REFUGEE
Paris LE FIGARO in French 7 Jun 77 p 13 LD

[Interview with Cambodian "anticommunist guerrilla" Sam Prasith by Paul
Sigaud: "Cambodia: 'We Lack Weapons, but 6 Million Captives Are With Us"
--time and place unspecified]

[Text] "Anticommunist resistance in Cambodia is a reality. ‘People are al-
ready rising up by the hundred to fight and to make the West, closed within
its own torpor, hear the cries of the captives by the thousand." Sam Prasith,
40 years old, Khmer through and through--cowlick of hair, thick lips, promi-
nent cheekbones and piercing eyes in a round and childlike face--talks about
his country which has been swallowed up, about a regime gone crazy, about his
race's self-genocide, about his flight from Vietnam and his return to Cambodia
and about his life during 6 months among the anti-Khmer Rouge guerrillas.
Under the old regime, Sam Prasith was a reserve officer and belonged to the
government press services. For a few weeks he has been a refugee parking lot
attendant in Paris' 18th precinct.

Sam Prasith says: "In the jungele which follows the border for hundreds of
km--a vast vault like a tunnel--the resistance has organized itself and has
established base camps--straw huts, hammocks and mosquito nets--under cover
of big trees and in river beds.

"Attacks are rare. The real danger is fron the ‘special missions.’ In
groups of a dozen, the guerrillas--each with 200 cartridges and some 20
grenades--penetrate into the interior of the country."

Sam Prasith continues: "We took more than 2 weeks to reach the Kompong Thom
area, about 100 km from the border. The town was deserted and the villages
had been abandoned. The entire population--some 3,000 people, mainly men--
was gathered on a vast area of paddies. guarded by some 50 Khmers Rouges. We
watched them through binoculars: there was no question of attempting an at-
tack to free them. The orders were definite: this was an intelligence mis—
sion. It was an unbearable sight. Skeletonlike figures were planting rice,
building canals, cutting bamboo. Some of them were harnessed to plows, others
sitting on wheelless bicycles--improvised norias--pedaling incessantly to



LAOS

BRIEFS

COFFEE PRODUCTION--During the first three months of 1977 the Vientiane
coffee factory produced 26,309 kgs of coffee, 8,824 kgs of number 1 ground
coffee and 17,824 kgs of number 2 ground coffee [figures as published]. This
was not enough to meet public demand. Supplies to the factory are also in-
sufficient, although workers of the coffee factory are determinedly looking
for sources of supply and are engaged in production efforts. Production is
expected to increase. [Vientiane VIENTIANE MAI in Lao 1 Apr 77 pp 1, 4]

HOTEL IMPROVEMENTS--In order to improve service to foreign guests and tourists,
officials of the hotel office of the state enterprises have upgraded hotels
and restaurants, especially the Lan Xang Hotel. All charges for food, drinks,
transportation, bathing facilities, rooms, and so on are collected in foreign
currency since the Lan Xang Hotel generally takes in only foreigners. Charges
at other hotels and restaurants continue to be collected in kip. No budget
funds were used for the improvements. Charges for the various hotels and
restaurants have been made uniform, and they are cheaper than in private
establishment. There are 12 hotels and restaurants under the supervision of
the hotel office of the state enterprises, five of which provide international
service and seven of which serve the people. [Vientiane VIENTIANE MAI in Lao
9 Apr 77 pp 1, 4]

ANIMAL FEED FACTORY--The Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medi-
cine, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Irrigation announced that work
was begun last week on a modern animal feed factory at Tha Ngon. When con-
struction is completed in late August 1978 the factory, which covers 9
hectares of ground, will be able to produce 10 tons of feed per hour. The
factory will be electronically operated and will employ only twelve supervisory
workers, In addition, the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Department
will also build a central fish hatchery at Nong Teng to raise fish imported
from China in sufficient quantities for distribution to agricultural settle-
ments and the people. Experts from the International Mekong Organization will
work with Lao experts to develop plans implementation of this project. These
experts will arrive in Vientiane on 23 April. Over 100,000 fish imported from
China have already been raised at Nong Teng and a large number given to agri-
cultural settlements and the people. [Vientiane VIENTIANE MAI in Lao 19 Apr 77

pp 1, 4]

26



These things are the resources on our land. Now, we will talk about resources
in our land. We have countless mineral resources, such as iron ore, cast
iron [khang], lead [khoua], lead [seun], copper, silver, gold, gemstones,
coal, and possibly oil. Up to now these have not been exploited for use,
except for the lead mines at Phon Thiou which the French have mined in small
quantities. In addition we also have salt mines in several places including
Boten, Ban Keun, and Meuang La. We have gemstones and gold at Houai Sai and
Attopeu as well.

1
cso: 4906

25



In the past, many refugees have come to Australia under the terms of normal
immigrations procedures so that many others might be excluded. [sentence
as heard] The government's new policy recognizes that refugees need spe-
cialized settlement assistance. Mr Mackellar said many might face the
shock of cultural differences, a language barrier and perhaps the trauma
of finding out that their skills or qualifications are not recognized in
their new country. Australia's capacity to accept refugees will depend on
prevailing economic conditions, the availability of services in Australia
to assist their settlement and the amount of help available from voluntary
agencies. [end recording]

cso: 4920



EITELA'AT; When did India sign the atomic agreement with Iran?

Answer: This agreement was signed during the month of March and, by virtue
of this agreement, we will train Iranian experts in various nuclear fields,

EITELA'AT: Do you intend to get assistance from countries that are more
advanced than India in nuclear technology?

Answers Certainly, if possible, we would be very eager to conclude an
agreement with France and a few other countries for the exchange of atomic
information; but, you cannot expect a foreign agency to be sympathetic to
you. Therefore, we intend to embark on developing nuclear technology and,
in this way, help the coutry of India, which is a large country and has
many problems.. It is necessary to note that atomic technology is extremely
important in agricultural advancement and likewise in new sciences such as:
metallurgy. _

EITELA'AT: Isn't it really difficult for third world comtries to have atomic
reactors, particularly in view of the problems in managing and safeguarding
the reactors?

Answer: The primary problem is to strengthen the scientific cadre by selecting
the best university graduates in the appropriate fields and training then

in atomic energy fields and then beginning research. In particular, it is .
necessary to train them in the fields of protection and safeguarding of reactors,
This kind of training and instruction can be conducted on experimental and
research reactors, Moreover, there is an intense need to strengthen the

other cadres in the power plants and special attention should be given to
training them, -

EITELA'AT: Isn't computer technology important to the progress of nuclear
technology and doesn't advanced nuclear technology require more complicated
computers?

Answer: In the early stages, there is no need for advanced computers for
building and operating small reactors; but, naturally, as nuclear technology
develops, there is a need for increasingly larger computers, This is indeed
a problem for developing countries.

ETTELA'AT: Another problem which nuclear experts. frequently address is: the
difficulty of safeguarding the power plants. Might not this difficulty create
dengers for the countries which intend to build atomic reactors and might it
not cause accidents to occur?

Answers Of course, in the atomic field one mst be extremely careful and
vigilant and one cannot accept any danger at all; but, I am certain that

one can, through adequate training, make the personnel aware of the dangers that
will arise if, by chance, they are negligent and careless and thereby solve
this problem, Extraordinary vigilance and care is necessary in the case of

reactors, and I cannot accept the fact that the individuals of one country
are more careful and more vigilant than the individuals of another country,

16



PHILIPPINES

MORO LIBERATION FRONT LEADER INTERVIEWED
Paris LE MONDE in French 31 May 77 p 4

{Interview with Nur Misuari, president of the Moro Liberation Front, in
Tripoli, by Philippe Decraene: "We Are Determined to Secure Total Independ-
ence']

[Text] Following the failure on 1 May of the negotiations conducted with a
view to a peaceful settlement of the problem created by the Moslem rebellion
in the south of the Philippine archipelago, the Moro Liberation Front seems
to have given up all hope of obtaining the creation of an autonomous Moslem
area from President Marcos. As the Front's president, Nur Misuari, told our
special correspondent, the Moslem movement seems henceforth to have opted in
favor of total independence. A renewal of the war therefore seems inevitable.

The two parties have mutually accused each other of being responsible for the
failure of the preliminary talks, the first phase of which began in Tripoli
on 15 December under the auspices of President Qadhafi and of the Islamic
Conference. Up to now the latter has asked President Marcos' regime and the
Moro Front to reach a negotiated solution respecting the territorial integ-
rity of the Republic of the Philippines.

Tripoli--Among the 60 some questions included on the agenda of the eighth
Islamic Conference which is holding its congress in Tripoli appeared a study
of the Moslem majority's situation in the south of the Philippines. The par-
ticipants in the conference suggested creating an aid fund for the Philippine
Moslems and the launching of a fund-raising drive in their behalf to be under-
taken in all the countries of the Moslem world. Lieutenant Colonel Lamine
Cisse (Senegalese), head of the observers’ armistice commission, which also
includes Saudi Arabia, the Democratic Republic of Somalia and Libya and whose
headquarters are located in Zanboanga, came especially from the Philippines
summoned for consultations in Tripoli.

Lieutenant Colonel Cisse told us that "with the exception of a few minor in-

cidents, the cease-fire has been scrupulously observed since January by both
of the parties concerned."

33



Nur Misuari, president of the Moro Liberation Front, granted us an interview.
A native of Jolo Island in the south of the Philippine archipelago, this
former professor of political science at the University of Manila, 36 years
old, is pursuing his political activities from Tripoli where he has set up a
permanent office.

[Question] Do you consider that the agreement concluded in Tripoli on 23
December between the Philippine Government and the Moro Front has remained a
dead letter?

[Answer] The agreement in question has been absolutely torn to shreds by the
Manila government which is betraying its spirit and its letter.

[Question] So your movement is ready to take up the armed struggle once
again?

[Answer] Yes. Despite the crushing military superiority of the Philippine
army, the Front's guerrillas are ready to take up arms again. And yet where-
as we were seeking to create a climate of peace, the Philippine Government
odiously took advantage of the armistice to reinforce the equipment of its
interventionist troops so as to obtain intelligence as to the exact positions
of our own combatants, to occupy numerous strategic points, in a word, to ex-
ploit the situation created by the establishment of the cease-fire.

[Question] Do you feel that you have numerically adequate armed forces?

[Answer] We have a minimum of 50,000 men in arms available. It is not
enough to win the war, but it does make it possible both to ensure our defense
and to smash any attempted offensive by the enemy.

[Question] Are you still demanding autonomy?

[Answer] No. From now on we are determined to go back to our initial ob-
jective which was total independence. It is a point of view which, in a
spirit of conciliation, we gave up in 1974 at the time of the Kuala Lumpur
Islamic Conference for we hoped thereby to speed up a preaceful solution.

But since it is necessary today to resume fighting and to pay an extremely
high price to triumph over oppression, it might just as well be for independ-
ence.

[Question] Do you anticipate something special from the efforts of the
eighth Islamic Conference?

{Answer] We simply want to inform the delegates of the 38 states represented
in Tripoli of the new developments in the situation in the Philippines and
above all to ask them to continue the moral, political and material aid they
are giving our movement.

34



LAOS

DISCUSSION OF TRADE POLICIES
Vientiane SIANG PASASON in Lao 21 Apr 77 p 3

[Column: "Conversation between Khat and Ke: How Will Foreign Trade Be
Conducted?"]

[Text] [Khat] Who will conduct foreign trade in the immediate future?

[Ke] The state has a monopoly over import and export of primary goods.
Private businessmen can operate enterprises dealing in secondary commodities,
although they must first obtain state approval.

[Khat] Then what about the border areas where the people in these localities
used to cross back and forth and trade and exchange goods with people on the
other side?

[Ke] They can go ahead and contact and trade with each other, but they must
first obtain permission from the responsible organizations. They must also
strictly adhere to the regulations set forth by the state.

[Khat] Speaking particularly about export businesses, what should they do?

[Ke] For essential goods where there is joint production, this is directly
in the hands of the central government. For other types of export goods
which are not divided into central government areas, provinces have been
granted authority to conduct export trade with provinces adjacent to other
countries. However, they must operate according to joint plans and price
guidelines from the Ministry of Industry and Commerce.

[Khat] What about imports?
[Ke] The state has a monopoly over the import of primary and essential goods,
but local areas have been given approval to import goods necessary for pro-

duction and the lives of the people in those areas in accordance with govern-
ment distribution policies and plans.

22



JPRS 69339

30 June 1977

TRANSLATIONS ON SOUTH AND EAST ASIA
No. 724

ConTENTS

AUSTRALIA

Policy on Refugee Immigration Announced
(Melbourne Overseas Service, 2 May 77) ssscecsecccescs

BANGLADESH

Prospects Bright for Chinese-Bangladesh Trade
(Dacca, Domestic Service, +, 12 Jun 77) sssceccceccsseves

Departure of Delegation for China
Return of Delegation

Briefs
Petroleum Institute
Tea Production

CAMBODIA

Anticommunist Guerrilla Operations in Cambodia Described
by Refugee
(Sam Prasith Interview; LE FIGARO, 7 Jun 77) ssccseeees

Army's Role in Current Rice Production Discussed
(Phnom Penh Domestic Service, 28 May 77) sssecoscceeees

Briefs
Srok Kdat Animals
Bapi Lathe Plant
Srok Peam Pileang Handicrafts
Tuol Kok Weaving
Srok Staung Irrigation

INDIA

Huge Deficit in Janata Government's 7 Weeks in Office
(THE TIMES, 9 Jun 77) ccsccececceccccecccceccecevsevees

-a- [III - ASIA - 107]

PAGE

12



Firmly grasping the plan to increase rice production to the maximum along the
line set by the revolutionary organization, the Cambodian Revolutionary Army,
which has the glory of defeating U.S. imperialism and its 1976 experience in
cultivating rice on a large-scale production basis, is determined to plant
this year's rainy season rice most vigorously so as to contribute to in-
creasing rice production to the maximum in order to fulfill and overfulfill
the plan and to help rapidly make the country prosperous in all fields.

cso: 4o1e



SROK STAUNG IRRIGATION--The people of Srok Staung, Kompong Thom sector, are
building a 30-kilometer irrigation canal in Phum Baray, Khum Krayea, to
secure sufficient water for rice growing. At the worksite in Khum Kamproch
the peasants are building dams and reservoirs to improve their farmland.

The peasants in the district have grown a variety of strategic crops and
built handicraft workshops, medical offices and schools. [Phnom Penh Domestic
Service in Cambodian 2300 GMT 14 May 77 BK]

cso: 4o1e

11



ry T. Report No. 2
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA JPRS 69339

3. Recipient's Accession No.

a. Title and Subtitle
TRANSLATIONS ON SOUTH AND EAST ASIA, No. 724

TKepore Dace
30 June 1977

6.

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15. Supplementary Notes

18, Abstracts

The report contains information on political, economic, sociological, and
technological developments in the countries of South, Southeast, and East
Asia, with greater coverage of Cambodia, Laos, and Indonesia.

IV¥.Key Worde and Document Analysie. 1a. Descriptors”

Propaganda ___Inter~Asian Affairs
Political Science __xAustralia
Sociology __xBangladesh
Economics ___ Brunei
Culture (Social Sciences) ___Burma
Ethnology __xCambodia

_xIndia

__x Indonesia

__xLaos

17b. Identifiers /Open-Ended Terms

W7e. COSATI Field/Group 5D, 5C, 5K

_-xMalaysia
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__x Pakistan

__x Philippines
__xRepublic of China
___ Singapore

_x Sri Lanka

___ Thailand

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PAKISTAN

BRIEFS

RICE EXPORT--Pakistan exported about 790,000 tons of rice worth about

2 billion rupees. A spokesman of the rice export corporation of Pakistan
said in Karachi on 10 June that the shipments were largely destined for
Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, UAE, Kuwait and other gulf states,
several African countries, Sri Lanka and Indonesia. [Karachi Overseas
Service in English 0800 GMT 11 Jun 77 BK] :

NEW ITALIAN AMBASSADOR--The newly appointed Italian ambassador, Mr Gerardo
Zampaglione, presented his credentials to President Fazal Elahi Choudhry in

Rawalpindi on 4 June. [Karachi Overseas Service in Bengali 0115 GMT 5 Jun 77
BK]

cso: 4911

32



It is easy to deduce that those referred to are Dr M, J, Nizer and
Tirto Utomo, SH, Nizer, who headed Pertamina's division of management
and services, is an intimate of Ibnu Sutowo, His name is seldom heard,
but it was Nizer whom Ibnu Sutowo entrusted with the authority to handle
negotiations in a delegation that went in search of short-term loans,
and to handle arrangements for the installment purchase of Pertamina's
ocean tankers, Tirto Utomo, born in Wonogiri, formerly assisted Dr Sanger
as deputy head of Pertamina's division of legal and foreign marketing
relations (HHPLN). His most recent official position has been as
assistant to Piet Haryono, the executive director of Pertamina, Tirto
Utomo and Engineer Wiyarso, the director of the oil and natural gas
directorate, are known as Pertamina's principal negotiators in matters
concerning oil and liquefied natural gas. But in addition to his
official position, Tirto Utomo, like Nizer, can be said to be a sort of
“personal assistant" to the former executive director of Pertamina,

Dr Sanger, who recently headed the HHPLN, is no longer with Pertamina,
"He is now one of the directors of Perta Oil, an oil company which is
helped by Pertamina," said one Pertamina employee. Several newspapers
have reported that Sanger has been placed under detention, This has
been denied by Pertamina, "It's true he has not come to the office for
some time, but Dr Sanger departed for San Francisco on 23 March."

Meanwhile, reports of the arrest of former executives of Pertamina were
still being heard as of the end of last week, A reliable source said
that he had heard that Colonel Syarnubi Said, former head of the
maintenance division, and Abihasan Said, former leader of the Batam
Island project, had been detained.

One knowledgeable official said he viewed the series of detentions as

a continuation of the effort to purge Pertamina, especially since
President Soeharto had issued a directive on 12 March calling for an
investigation of the Pertamina matter, Those who have been tasked by

the President with the investigation of this difficult matter are

Attorney General Ali Said, Major General Benny Murdhani of the

Department of Defense and Security, and Brigadier General Ismail Saleh, SH.

9127
cso: 4913

20



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Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
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last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
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original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
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1h


MALAYSIA

MALAYSIA TO SET UP FORWARD BASE CAMP IN KELANTAN

Kuala Lumpur NEW STRAITS TIMES in English 9 Jun 77 p 1 BK

[Text] Kota Baru, Wed--The Ministry of Defense is planning to set up a
forward base camp in Gua Musang, North Kelantan, to combat the communist

threat more effectively.

The deputy minister, Encik Mokhtar Hashim, announced this today after a
2-day visit to border areas.

He said steps were being taken to acquire a plot of land for the camp.

He felt that more cooperation should be given to security forces by the
people of Gua Musang.

Referring to the town's “notorious history," the minister said a major
problem facing it was communications. It was only accessible by rail.

"I hope community leaders.there will take steps to create a more open
society and instill a national consciousness among the people," Encik
Mokhtar said.

He said there were three main groups of communist terrorists threatening

Kelantan from both within and without, and added that the main areas of
operation were Gua Musang, border areas and the Pergau Valley.

cso: 4920

28



SRI LANKA

TRADE WITH THIRD WORLD REGISTERS MARKED INCREASE
Colombo International Service in English 1045 GMT 10 Jun 77 BK

[Text] Trade relations between Sri Lanka and Third World countries reflected
a marked improvement between 1966 and 1975. In 1966, 90 countries purchased
various items of goods from Sri Lanka and in 1975 the number of countries
increased to 125. Most of the new countries were from the Third World,
particularly from central and southern Africa and from the Middle East.

By 1975, 10 of the principal importers from Sri Lanka were Third World
countries. Britain, which purchased 25 percent of Sri Lanka's exports in
1966, purchased only 7 percent of Sri Lanka's exports last year. China

and pastetan purchased 11 and 8 percent, respectively, from Sri Lanka

in 1976.

cso: 4920

37



{Khat] What should be done if we want foreign trade to be conducted to the
benefit of our national economy?

[Ke] We must determinedly build up several sources of export goods and
operate enterprises in a routine manner with the primary objective of import-
ing components, materials and equipment, and essential goods to use in build-
ing up the production base that the state requires. We shouldn't just work
with the export business. This means that when we export goods and obtain
foreign currency, we should buy the goods, materials, and equipment needed
to build up the economy and promote domestic production. We shouldn't turn
it back uselessly. This is because today everything is being concentrated on
production as primary and, particularly, on the campaign to produce food in
this year's growing season.

cso: 4906

23



CAMBODIA

ARMY'S ROLE IN CURRENT RICE PRODUCTION DISCUSSED
Phnom Penh Domestic Service in Cambodian 2300 GME 28 May 77 BK

[Commentary: "The Male and Female Combatants and Cadres of Our Revolutionary
Army Are Making All-round Preparations for a Vigorous Drive To Plant This
Year's Rainy Season Rice Crop"]

[Text] The male and female combatants and cadres of the heroic Cambodian
Revolutionary Army are the best sons and daughters of poor peasants who used
to eke out an existence replete with all kinds of shortages and privations
and who suffered oppression, exploitation and contempt at the hands of the
imperialists, feudal landowners, reactionary capitalists and other oppressor
classes. Our revolutionary army's male and female combatants and cadres have
a long tradition of struggle filled with a strong will to fight all types of
oppressor classes. ‘This was demonstrated time and again, such as during the
2-year civil war and the past 5~year national liberation war.

Our revolutionary army has a tradition of making sacrifices, enduring hard-
ships and overcoming obstacles. It has surmounted all kinds of difficulties.
At the same time, this army has stiff discipline and constitutes our Cambodian
Revolutionary Organization's most loyal instrument of dictatorship [upakor
phdachka]. Our Cambodian Revolutionary Army has remained close to the poor
people like a fish to water. This army is most courageous in fighting and
crushing enemies of all stripes. It has also remained close to all areas of
manual work for production. Since the total and definitive liberation of
the country, the Cambodian Revolutionary Army has shouldered a new, glorious
and most valuable task, namely, to defend and build the country, making it
prosperous and advance rapidly.

During the entire past dry season, besides successfully defending the country
and maintaining security for the masses of cooperative peasants and union
workers, the Cambodian Revolutionary Army also plunged into the great mass
movement to build networks of irrigation projects by digging reservoirs,
ditches and canals and erecting dams and new field embankment networks with
enthusiasm and dedication in an atmosphere of great unity and revolutionary
optimism.



CAMBODIA

BRIEFS

SROK KDAT ANIMALS--Cooperative peasants in Srok Kdat, Kompong Cham sector,
have raised 6,115 oxen, 10,004 buffalo, a number of horses, 1,199 hogs,
2,739 chickens and 3,390 ducks. They use oxen, buffalo and horses in labor
and transportation work; hogs, chickens, ducks and fish are used as food
for improving the people's living condition. Their manure is used as
fertilizer for improving soil conditions. [Phnom Penh Domestic Service‘ in
Cambodian 2300 GMT 31 May 77 BK]

BAPI LATHE PLANT--Since liberation the revolutimary workers at the Bapi
lathe plant near Phnom Penh have repaired and put back into operation all
the machinery damaged by the enemy. So far they have produced 50 small and
20 medium-sized items of equipment for rice mills to be distributed to
cooperative peasants in all regions and sectors. The small-sized equipment
can mill two sacks of grain per hour. [Phnom Penh Domestic Service in
Cambodian 2300 GMI 1 Jun 77 BK]

SROK PEAM PILEANG HANDICRAFTS--Revolutionary workers at the handicraft work-
shops in Srok peam Pileang, eastern region, are striving to produce farm
tools for the cooperative peasants. They have produced about 10 to 15 hoes,
30 to 50 knives and 200 to 300 plowshares per day. For raw materials they
use bomb splinters, shell casings and metal scrap from the U.S. imperialists’
armored cars and airplanes that our revolutionary armed forces destroyed in
the war They have also produced spoons, pots and plates from this scrap
metal. [Phnom Penh Domestic Service in Cambodian 2300 GMT 1 Jun 77 BK]

TUOL KOK WEAVING--Revolutionary workers at Tuol Kok weaving factory in Phnom
Penh are striving to produce sufficient cotton cloth for the people. Since
liberation they have repaired the factory, the looms and other machines, and
learned how to operate the weaving factory. At present each worker controls
four to six looms. Each loom can produce approximately 7O meters of cotton
cloth per day and all the looms in the factory together produce from 14,000
to 16,000 meters a day. (hoon Penh Domestic Service in Cambodian 2300 GMI
25 Nay TT BK)

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