Approved Code N :J . 498 Registry No. 1651-04 

NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

CORN COB PIPE INDUSTRY 

AS APPROVED ON AUGUST 7, 1934 

/ 

WI DO OUR PARt 

UNITED STATES 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON: 1934 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. - - - - - - - - Price 5 cents 

l/ 
This publicati(Jn is fo1· sale by the Supe1intendent of Documents, Government 

Printing Office, Washington, D.O., and by district offices of the Bureau of 

Foreign and Domestic Commerce. 

DISTRICT OFFICES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Atlanta, Ga.: 504 Post Office Building. Birmingham, Ala. : 257 Federal Building. 

Boston, Mass. : 1801 Customhouse. 

Buffalo, N.Y.: Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Charleston, S.C. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Chicago, Ill.: Suite 1706, 201 North Wells Street. 

Cleveland, Ohio : Chamber of Commerce. 

Dallas, Tex. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Detro:t, Mich.: 801 First National Bank Building. 

H uuston, Tex. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Indianapolis, Ind. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Jack ·otwille, Fla.: Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Kansas City, Mo.: 1028 Baltimore Avenue. 

Los Angeles, Calif.: 1163 South Broadway. 

Louisville, Ky.: 408 Federal Building. 

Memphis, 'Tenn. : 229 Federal Building. 

Minneapolis, Minn. : 213 F ederal Building. 

New Orleans, La.: Room 225-A, Customhouse. 

Kew York. N.Y.: 734 Customhouse. Norfolk, Va.: 406 East Plume Street. 

Philar1elphia, Pa.: 422 Commercial Trust Building. 

Pittsburgh, Pa. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Portland, Oreg.: 215 New Post Office Building. 

St. Louis, Mo.: 506 Olive Street. 

San Francisco, Calif. : 310 Customhouse. 

Seattle. Wash.: 809 Federal Office Building. 
Approved Code No. 498 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

CORN COB PIPE INDUSTRY 

As Approved on August 7, 1934 

ORDER 

ConE oF FAIR Col\'IPETITION FOR THE CoRN CoB PrPE INDUSTRY 

An application having been duly made pursuant to and in ful.l 

compliance with the provisions of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, for approval of a Code 

of Fair Competition for the Corn Cob Pipe Industry, and hearing 

having been d ul_y held thereon and the annexed report on said Code, 

containing findrngs with respect thereto, having been made and 

directed to the President: 

NOW, THEREFORE, on behalf of the President of the Uni~d 

States, I, Hugh S. Johnson, Administrator for Industrial Recovery, 

pursuant to authority vested in me by Executive Orders of the 

President, including Executive Order No. 6543-A, dated December 30, 1933, and otherwise; do hereby incorpora~ by reference said 

annexed report and do find that said Code complies in al.I respects 

with the pertinent provisions and will promote the policy and purposes of said Title of said Act; and do hereby order that said 

Code of Fair Competition be and it is hereby approved; provided, 

however, that a further study shall be made regardinf the rojnimum 

rates of pay as provided in Article IV, Section 1 o the Code and 

that a report covering same shall be made to the Administrator 

within sixty (60) days from the effective date hereof, for the purpose of determining the advisability of increasing the said minimum 

wage rates. 

HUGH s. JOHNSON' 

Administrator for Indlustrial Rec01)ery. 

Approval recommended : 

GEo. L. BERRY, 

Division Administrator. 

w .ASHINGTO~, D.C., 

August 7, 193.fr 

78872°----1044-37----34 (13) 
REPORT TO THE PRESIDENT 

The PRESIDENT, 

The White House. 

Sm: The public hearing on the Code of Fair Competition :for the 

Corn Cob Pipe Industry of the United States, submitted by a Code 

Committee of Corn Cob Pipe ~fanufacturers, was conducted in 

Vvashington, D.C., OJ) the 17th of May, 1934, in accordance with the 

provisions of the National Industrial Recovery Act. The Code 

Comn1ittee claims to represent approximately 90 percent of the 

Industry . 

. The maximu:n: hours establi~hed under this Code are 40 pe~ week, 

with the exceptiOn of one perwd, not to exceed four weeks, In each 

six months, during which time employees may be permitted to work 

48 hours per week provided they are paid at least time and one-half 

for all hours worked in excess of eight per day and forty per week. 

Exceptions are allowed for managers and executives who receive 

$35.00 or more per week, enginers, who may work 45 hours per week, 

and employees engaged in emergency maintenance and repair work, 

provided that such employees receive at least one and one-half times 

their normal rate of pay for all hours worked in excess of 40 per 

week. 

In 1929 this Industry operated approximately 51 hours per week 

and the same hours prevailed in 1931. 

The minimum wages established under this Code are 271j2 cents 

per hour for males and 2.2y2 cents per hour for females. While this 

wage appears to be low, it is pointed out that when compared with 

the wages prior to this Code, which were 19 cents per hour for 

males and 13.8 cents per hour for females, the wages under this Code 

represent a substantial increase to the employees. Protection of 

employees on piecework performance is guaranteed. 

The Deputy Administrator in his final report to me on said Code 

having found as herein set forth and on the basis of all the proceedings in this matter : 

I find that: 

(a) Said Code is well designed to promote the policies and purposes of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, including 

the removal of obstructions to -the free flow of interstate and foreign 

c01nmerce which tend to diminisH the amount thereof and will provide 

for the general welfare by promoting the organization of industry for 

the purpose of cooperative action among the trade groups, by inducing and maintaining united action of labor and management under 

adequate governmental sanctions and supervision, by eliminating 

unfair competitive practices, by promoting the fullest possible utilization of the present productive capacity of industries, by avoiding 

undue restrictions of production (except as may be temporarily 

Pequired) by increasing the consumption of industrial and agricul-

(14) 
15 

tural :products through increasing purchasing power, by reducing and 

relieving unemployment, by improving standards of labor, and by 

otherwise rehabilitating industry. 

(b) Said Industry normally employs not more than 50,000 em· 

ployees; and is not classified by me as a major industry. 

(c) The Code as approved complies in all respects with the perti. 

nent provisions of said Title of said Act, including without limitation Subsection (a) of Section 3, Subsectio:t:J. (a) of Section 7, and 

Subsection (b) of Section 10 t~hereof; and that the applicant Com- mittee is a trade group truly representative of the aforesaid Industry. 

(d) The Code is not designed to and will not permit monopolies 

or monopolistic practices. 

(e) The Code is not designed to and will not eliminate or oppress 

small enterprises and will not operate to discriminate against them. 

(f) Those engaged in other steps of the economic process have not 

been deprived of the right to be heard prior to approval of said 

Code. . This Industry has cooperated in a most satisfactory manner with 

the Administration in the preparation of this Code. From the evi· . 

dence adduced during this hearing and from recommendations and 

reports frarn the various Advisory Boards, it is believe·d that this 

Code as now proposed and revised represents an effective, practical, 

equitable solution for this Industry and for these reasons has been 

approved. 

Respectfully, 

AUGUST 7, 1934. 

HUGH s. JOHNSON' 

Administrator. 
CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION FOR THE CORN COB PIPE 

MANUFACTURING I NDUSTRY 

ARTICLE I-PURPOSES 

To effect the policies o:f Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, this Code is established as a Code of Fair Competition for 

the Corn Cob Pipe Manufacturing Industry, and, its provisions shall 

be the standards of fair competition for such industry and shall be 

binding upon every member thereof. 

ARTICLE II-DEFINITIONS 

SECTION 1. The term "Corn Cob Pipe Manufacturing Industry" 

or "Industry" as used herein includes the manufacture of pipes., 

t he bowls of which are made from corn cobs, and such related 

branches or subdivisions as may from time to time be included under 

the provisions of this Code by the President of the United States, 

and· after such notice and hearings as he may prescribe. 

SEcTION 2. The term " :Member of the Industry " or " Member " 

includes, but without limitation, any individual, partnership, association, corporation, or other form of enterprise engaged in the industry, either as employer or on his or its own behalf. 

SECTION 3. The term " employee " as used herein includes any and 

all pers~ns engaged in the industry, however compensated, except 

:t member of the industry. 

SECTION 4. The term " employer " as used herein includes anyone 

by whom such employee is compensated or employed. 

SECTION 5. The terms "President," "Act" and "Administrator " 

as used her·ein mean respectively the President of the UPjted States, 

Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act and the Administrator for Industrial Recovery. 

ARTICLE III-HoURs 

SECTION 1. No employee shall be permitted to work in excess of 

forty (40) hours in one week or eight (8) hours in any twenty-four 

(24) hour period (beginning ~t midnight) except as herein otherwise provided. A normal work day shall not exceed eight (8) 

hours; provided, however, in case of peak or seasonal demands, that 

employees may work forty-eight ( 48 ) hours per week for a period 

not to exceed four ( 4) weeks in any six month's period; and provided further that at least time and one-half is paid for all hours 

worked in excess of forty ( 40) per week and eight (8) per day. 

SECTION 2. The provisiOns of this Article shall not apply to: 

(a) Persons employed in a managerial or executive capacity who 

receive thirty-five dollars ($35 .. 00) or n1ore per week nor to outside 

salesmen. 

(16) 
17 

(b) Employees engaged in emergency maintenance or emergency 

repair work, provided that such employees shall receive one. and one. 

half times the normal rate of pay for all hours worked in excess of 

forty ( 40) per week. 

(c) 1Vatchmen who may be permitted to work a maximum of 

fifty-six (56) hours per week, provided, however, that they be given 

one day off in each seven day period. 

(d) Engineers who may be permitted to work a maximum of 

forty-five ( 45) hours per week. 

SECTION 3. No employer shall permit any employee to work for 

any time, which, when totaled with that already performed for an· 

other employer or employers in this industry exceeds the maximum 

permitted herein. 

ARTICLE IV-WAGES 

SECTION 1. No male employee shall be paid in any pay period less 

than at the rate of twenty-seven and one-hal£ (271j2 ) cents per hour, 

and no female employee shall be paid at any pay period less than 

at the rate of twenty-two and one-half (221j2 ) cents per hour. 1 

SECTION 2. This article establishes a minimum rate of pay which 

shall apply, irrespective of whether an employee is actually com· 

pensated on a time rate, piece work or other basis. 

SECTION 3. Female employees performing sub tantially the same 

work as male employees shall receive the same rate of pay as male 

employees. 

SECTION 4. Equitable and r easonable adjustments of pay schedules 

of employees r eceiving above the minimum shall be made within 

thirty (30) days after the effective date of this Code by any em· 

ployer who has not heretofore made such adjustments. The first 

report of wages r equired to be filed under this Code shall contain 

all wage increases made since lVIay 1, 1933. 

ARTICLE V- GENERAL L ABOR PROVISIONS 

SECTION 1. No person unde sixteen (16) years of age shall be 

employed in the Corn Cob Pipe Manufacturing Industry. No per. 

son under eighteen (18) years of age shall be employed at operations 

or occupations which are hazardous in nature or dangerous to health. 

The Code Authority shall submit to the Administrator before sixty 

(60) days after the effective date of this code, a list of such opera· 

tions or occupations. In any State an employer shall be deemed 

to have complied with this provision as to age if he shall have on 

file a certificate or pemnit duly signed by the Authority in such State 

empowered to issue employment or age certificates or permits show· 

ing that the employee is of the required age. 

SFCTION 2. (a) Employees shall have the right to organize and 

bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing 

and shall be free from the interference, restraint, or coercion of em· 

ployers of labor or their agents in the designation of such representatives or in self-organization or in other concerted activities for 

the purpose of collective bargainL."1g or other mutual aid or 

protection. 

1 See paragraph 2 of order approving this Code. 
18 

(b) No employee and no one seeking employment shall be required 

as a condition of employment to join any c01111pany union or to refrain from joining, organizing, or assisting a labor organization of 

his own choosing, and 

(c) Employers shall comply with the maximum hours of labor, 

minimum rates of pay, and other conditions of employment approved or prescribed by the President. 

SECTION 3. No employer shall reclassify employees or duties of 

occupations performed or engage in any other subterfuge for the 

purpose of defeating the purpo es or provisions of the Act or of this 

Code. 

SECTION 4. Every employer shall provide for the safety and health 

of employees during the hours and place of their employment. 

Standards for safety and health shall be submitted by the Code 

Author~ty to the Administrator within three months after the 

effective date of this Code. 

SECTION 5. No provision in tllis Code shall supersede any State or 

F ederal Law which imposes on employers more stringent requirements as to age of employees, wages, hours of work, or as to safety, 

health, sanitary or general working conditions than are imposed by 

this Code. 

SECTION 6. All employers shall post and keep posted copies of this 

Code in conspicuons places accessible to all employees. Every member of the industry shall comply with all rules and regulations relative to the posting of provisions of Codes of Fair Competition which 

may from time to time be prescribed by the Administrator. 

SECTION 7. An employer shall make payment of all wages due in 

lawful currency or by negotiable check, therefor, payable on den1and. These wages shall be exempt from any payments for pensions, insurance, or sick benefits other than those voluntarily paid 

by the wage earners, or r equired by State laws. Wages shall be 

paid at least at the end of every two weeks period, and salaries at 

least at the end of every month. No employer shall withhold wages. 

SECTION 8. No employee shall be dismi sed by reason of making 

a complaint or giving evidence with respect to a violation of this 

code. 

ARTICLE VI-Ona~NIZATION, PowERs, AND DuTIEs oF THE CoDE 

AuTHORITY 

SEcTION 1. A Code Authority is hereby established consisting of 

three (3) persons to be selected from the Corn Cob Pipe Manufacturing Industry by a fair method of selection approved by the 

Administrator. . - , 

SECTION 2. In addition to membership as above provided there 

may be three (3) members without vote to be known as Administration Members to be appointed by the Administrator to serve for 

such terms as he may specify. 

SEcTION. 3. Each industrial association directly or indirectly participating in the selection or activities of the Code- Authority shall 

(1) impose no inequitable restrictions on membership, and (2) submit to the Administrator true copies of its articles of association, 

by-laws, regulations, and any amendments when m.ade thereto, to-
19 

gether with such other information as to membership, organization, 

and activities as the Administrator may deem necessary to effectuate 

the purpose of the Act. 

SECTION 4. In order that the Code Authority shall at all times 

be truly representative of the industry and in other respects comply 

with the .1: rovisions of the Act, the Admini trator may prescribe 

such hearings as he may deem proper; and thereafter if he shall find 

that the Code Authority is not truly representative or does not in 

other re pects comply with the provi ions of the Act mav require 

an appropriate modification in the method of election of the Code 

Authority. 

SEcTION 5. Nothing contained in this Code shall constitute the 

men1bers of the Code Authority partners for any purpose. Nor 

shall any member of the Code Authority be liable in any manner 

to anyone for any act of any other membor, officer, agent or emplovee 

of the Cole Authority. Nor shall any member of the Code Authority, exercising reasonable diligence in the conduct of his dut1es 

hereunder be liable to an3 one for any action or omi ion to act 

under thi Code, except for his own willful maliea. ance or 

nonfeasance. 

SECTION 6. If tho Administra.tor shall determine that any actioll 

of a Code Authority or any agency thereof may be unfair or unju t 

or contrary to the public interest, the Adn1ini trator may r equire 

that such action be suspended to afford an opportunity for in"Ve ti- gation of the merits of such action and further cons~ leration by 

such Code Authority or agency pending final action which shall not 

be effecti"Ve unless the Aclminic;;trator approve , or unle he sha 11 fail 

to disapprove after thirty (30) cla ...., ' notice to him of intention to 

proceed with such action in it original or modified form. 

SECTIO~ 7. Pou·er·s and Dtdies.-Subj ect to su h rules and reg !lations as may be issued by the Administrator, the Code Authority 

shall ha.ve the following power and dutie ·, in ad 1 ition to tho."e 

authorized by other provisions of this Code. 

(a) To insure the execution of the provision · of this Code and to 

rrovide for the compliance of the indu try i\ith the provision of 

tl1e Act. 

(b) To adopt by-laws and rules and reo·ulations for it procedure. 

(c) To obtain from members of the industry such information and 

Yeports as are required for the administration of the C:ocle. In 

addition to information required to be ubmitted to the Code Authority, members of the indu try subject to thi Code shall furnish such 

stati tical information as the Administrator may deem necessary for 

the purpo~es recited in Section 3 (a) of the Act to such Federal and 

State agencies as he may designate; provided that nothing in this 

Code shall relieve any member of the industry of any existing obligations to furnish reports to any Government Agency. No individual report shall be disclosed to any other member of the in lustry or any other party except to such other Governmental agencies 

as may be directed by the Administrator. 

(d) To use such trade associations and other agencies as it deems 

proper for the carrying out of any of its activities pro"Vicled for 

herein pro ided that nothing herein shall relieve the Code Authority 

0f its duties or responsibilities under this Code and that such trade 
201 

associations and agencies shall at all times be subject to and comply 

with the provisions hereof. 

(e) To make recommendations to the Administrator for the coordination of the administration of this Code with such other Codes, 

if any, as may be related to or affect members of the industry. 

(f) (1) It being found necessary in order to support the Administration of this Code and to maintain the standards of fair competition established hereunder and to effectuate the policy of the 

Act, the Code Authority is authorized: 

(a) To incur such reasonable obligations us are necessary and 

proper for the foregoing purposes and to meet such obligations 

out of funds which may be raised as hereinafter provided: 

(b) To submit to the Acl.'llinistrator for his approval, subject 

to such notice and opportunity to be heard as he may deem 

necessary: 

1. An itemized budget of its estimated expenses for the foregoing purposes, and 

2. An equitable basis upon which the funds necessary to 

support such budget shall be contributed by members of the 

Industry. 

(c) After such budget and basis of contribution have been 

approved by the Administrator, to determine and obtain equitable contributions as above set forth by all members of the 

industry, and to that end, if necessary to institute legal proceedings therefor in its own name. 

(2) Each member of the industry shall pay his or its equitable 

contribution to the expenses of the maintenance of the Code Authority, determined as hereinabove provided, and subject to rules and 

regulations pertaining thereto issued by the Administrator. Only 

mmnbers of the industry complying with the code and contributing 

to the expenses of its administration as hereinbefore provided (unless 

duly exempted from making such contribution) shall be entitled to 

participate in the selection of members of the Code Authority or 

to receive the benefits of any of its voluntary activities or to make use 

of any emblem or insignia of the National Recovery Administration. 

(3) The Code Authority shall neither incur nor pay any obliga.-

tion substantially in excess of the amount thereof as estimated in its 

approved budget, and shall in no event exceed the total amount contained in the approved budget, except upon approval of the Administrator; and no subsequent budget shall contain any deficiency item 

for expenditures in excess of prior budget estimates except those 

which the Administrator shall have so approved. 

(g) To recommend to the Administrator any action or measures 

deemed advisable, including further fair trade practice provisions 

to govern men1bers of the industry in their relations with each other 

or with other industries; measures for industrial planning, and stabilization of employment; and including modifications of this Code 

which shall become effective as part hereof upon approval by the 

Administrator after such notice and hearing as he may specify. 

(h)' To appoint a Trade Practice Committee which shall meet with 

the Trade Practice Committees appointed under such other codes 

as may be related to the industry for the purpose of formulating 

fair trade practices to govern the relationships between employers 
21 

under this code and under such other codes to the end that such fair 

trade practiceS may be proposed to the Administrator as amendn1ents 

to this code and such other codes. 

(i) To provide appropriate facilities for arbitration, and subject 

to the approval of the Admini trator, to prescribe rules of procedure 

and rules to effect compliance with awards and determinations. 

ARTicLE - II- CosT Acco NTING AND PRICES 

SECTION 1. The Code Authority shall cause to be formulated methods of cost finding and accounting capable of use by all members 

of the industry, and shall submit such methods to the Admini trator 

for review. If approved by the Administrator, full information 

concerning such methods shall be made available to all member of 

the indu try. Thereafter, each member of the indu try hall utilize 

~mch methods to the extent found practicable. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to permit the Code Authorit3, any agent 

thereof, or any member of the industry to suggest uniform additions, 

percentages or differentials or other uniform items of cost which are 

designed to bring about arbitrary uniformity of costs or prices. 

SECTION Z. (a) Wilfully destructive price cutting is an unfair 

method of competition and is forbidden. Any member of the industry or of any other industry or the customers of either may at 

any time complain to the Code Authority that any price constitutes 

unfair competition as destructive price cutting, imperiling small 

enterprise or tending toward monopoly or the impairment of code 

wages and working conditions. The Code Authority shall within 5 

days afford an opportunity to the member quoting the price to 

answer such complaint and shall within 14 days make a ruling or 

adjustment thereon.. If such ruling is not concurred in by either 

party to the compla1nt, all papers shall be referred to the Research 

and Planning Division of N.R.A. which shall render a report and 

recommendation thereon to the Administrator. 

(b) When no declared emergency exists as to any given product, 

there is to be no fixed minimum basis for prices. It is intended that 

sound cost estimating methods should be used and that consideration 

should be given to costs in the determination of pricing policies. 

(c) When an emergency exists as to any given product sale below the stated minim_um price of such product, in violation of Section Z hereof, is forbidden. 

SECTION 3. (a) If the Administrator, after investigation shall at 

any time find both (1) that an emergency has arisen within the indu try adversely affecting small enterprises or wag s or labor conditions, or tending toward monopoly or other acute conditions which 

tend to defeat the purposes of the Act; and (Z) that tho determination of the statBd minimum price for a specified produ(lt within the 

industry for a limited period is neces ary to mitigate the conditions 

constituting such emergency and to effectuate the purposes of the 

Act, the Code Authority may cause an impartial agency to investigate costs and to recommend to the Administrator a determination 

of the stated minin1um price of the product affected by the emergency and thereupon the Administrator may proceed to deterrnine 

such stated minimum price. 
22 

'(b) When the Administrator shall have determined such stated 

minimum price for a specified product for a stated period, which 

price shall be reasonably calculated to mitigate the conditions of 

such emergency and to effectuate the purposes of the National Recovery Act, he shall publish such price. Thereafter, during such 

stated period, no members of the industry shall sell such specified 

products at a net realized price below said stated minimum price 

and any such sale shall be deemed destructive price cutting. From 

time to time, the Code Authority may reconnnend review or reconsideration or the Administrator may cause any determinations hereunder to be reviewed or reconsidered and appropriate action taken. 

ARTICLE VIII-TRADE PRACTICE RULES 

SECTION 1. No member of the industry shall publish advertising 

(whether printed, radio, display or of any other nature), which is 

misleading or inaccurate in any material particular, nor shall any 

member in any way misrepresent any goods (including but without 

limitation its use, trade mark, grade, quality, origin, size, substance, 

character, nature, finish, matenal, content or preparation) or credit 

terms, values, policies, services, or the nature or form of the business conducted. 

SECTION 2. No member of the industry shall knowingly withhold 

from or insert in any quotation or invoice any statement that makes 

it inaccurate in any material particular. 

SECTION 3. No member of the industry shall brand or mark or 

pack any goods in any manner which is intended to or does deceive 

or mislead purchasers with respect to the brand, grade, quality 

quantity, origin, size, substance, character, nature, finish, material 

content or preparation of such goods. 

SECTION 4. No member of the industry shall defame a competitor 

by falsely imputing to him dishonorable conduct, inability to perform contracts, questionable credit standing, or by other false representation, or by falsely disparaging the grade or quality of his goods. 

SECTION 5. No member of the industry shall publish or circulate 

unjustified or unwarranted threats of legal proceedings which tend 

to or have the effect of harassing competitors or intimidating their 

customers. 

SEcTioN 6. No member of the industry shall offer or make any 

payment or allowance of a rebate, refund, commission credit, unearned discount or excess allowance1 whether in the form of money 

or otherwise, nor shall a member ot the industry offer or extend to 

any customer any special service or privilege not extended to all 

customers of the sam-e class, for the purpose of influencing a sale. 

SECTION 7. No memb-ers of the industry shall give, permit to be 

given, or offer to give, anything of value for the purpose of influencing or rewarding the action of any employee, agent, or representative of another in relation to the business of the employer of 

such employee, the principal of such agent of the represent-ed party, 

without th-e knowledge of such employer principal or party. This 

provision shall not be construed to prohibit free and general distribution of articles commonly used for advertising -except so far as 

such articl-es are actually used for commercial bribery as hereinabove 

defined. 
23 

SECTION 8. No member of the indu try shall wilfully induce or 

attempt to induce the breach of existing contracts between competitor and their customers by any fal e or deceptive means, or 

Interfere with or obstruct the performance of ::my uch contractual 

duties, or service by any such means, ' ith the purpose and effect 

of hampering, injuring or embarrassing cmnpetitors in their business. 

SECTION 9. No member of the industry shall requir e that the purchase or lease of any goods be a prerequisite to the purchase or lease 

of any other goods. 

ARTICLE IX- EXPORT TRADE 

SECTION 1. No provision of this Code relating to prices or terms 

of selling, shipping, or marketing shall apply to export trade or 

sales or shipments for export trade. ' Export Trade " shall be as 

defined in the Export Trade Act adopted April 10, 1918. 

ARTICLE X - :l\foniFICATION 

SECTION 1. This Code, and all the provisions thereof are expressly 

made subject to the right of the Pre ident in accordance with the 

provisions of subsection (b) of Section 10 of the Act from time 

to time to cancel or modify any order, approval license, rule or 

regulation issued under said Act. 

SECTION 2. Tllis Code, except as to provisions required by the Act, 

may be modified on the basis of experience or changes in circumstances, such modifications to be based upon application to the Administrator and such notice and hearing as he shall specify, and to 

become effective on approval of the President. 

ARTICLE XI-~iONOPOLIE 

SECTION 1. No provision of this Code shall be so applied as to 

permit monopolistic practices, or to eliminate, oppress, or discriminate against small enterprises. 

ARTICLE XII- PRICE INCREASES 

SECTION 1. Whereas the policy of the Act to increase real purchasing power will be made more difficult of consumn1ation if prices 

of goods and services increase as rapidly as wages, it is recognized 

that price increases except such as may be required to meet individual cost should be delayed7 but when made such increases 

should, so far as possible, be linnted to actual additional increases 

in the seller s cost. 

ARTICLE XIII-EFFECTIVE DATE 

SECTION 1. This Code shall become effective on the second Monday 

a:fter its approval by the President. 

Approved Code No. 498. 

Registry No. 1651-04. 

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UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 

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