# Patent

## Title
Pre-loading translated code in cloud based emulated applications

## Abstract

A method and apparatus for pre-loading a translated cloud based application is described in the present disclosure. An application may be chosen for pre-loading by an emulator before a client device platform has requested the application. Once the application is selected, the emulator may begin to translate the application data into a format that is compatible with the client device platform. After translation, the data is stored in a memory so that it may be accessed upon the request of the client device platform. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is related to commonly-assigned, provisional application Ser. No. 61/666,628, filed Jun. 29, 2012, and entitled “DETERMINING TRIGGERS FOR CLOUD-BASED EMULATED GAMES”, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
This application is related to commonly-assigned, provisional application Ser. No. 61/666,645, filed Jun. 29, 2012, and entitled “HAPTIC ENHANCEMENTS FOR EMULATED VIDEO GAME NOT ORIGINALLY DESIGNED WITH HAPTIC CAPABILITIES”, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
This application is related to commonly-assigned, provisional application Ser. No. 61/666,665, filed Jun. 29, 2012, and entitled “CONVERSION OF HAPTIC EVENTS INTO SCREEN EVENTS”, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
This application is related to commonly-assigned, provisional application Ser. No. 61/666,679, filed Jun. 29, 2012, and entitled “SUSPENDING STATE OF CLOUD-BASED LEGACY APPLICATIONS”, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
This application is related to commonly-assigned, co-pending application Ser. No. 13/631,725, filed the same day as the present application, and entitled “REPLAY AND RESUMPTION OF SUSPENDED GAME”, to Brian Michael Christopher Watson, Victor Octav Suba Miura, Jacob P. Stine, and Nicholas J. Cardell, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
This application is related to commonly-assigned, co-pending application Ser. No. 13/631,740, filed the same day as the present application, and entitled “METHOD FOR CREATING A MINI-GAME” to Brian Michael Christopher Watson, Victor Octav Suba Miura, and Jacob P. Stine, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
This application is related to commonly-assigned, co-pending application Ser. No. 13/631,803, filed the same day as the present application, and entitled “ADAPTIVE LOAD BALANCING IN SOFTWARE EMULATION OF GPU HARDWARE”, to Takayuki Kazama and Victor Octav Suba Miura, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
This application is related to commonly-assigned, co-pending application Ser. No. 13/631,812, filed the same day as the present application, entitled “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING EFFICIENCY WITHOUT INCREASING LATENCY IN EMULATION OF A LEGACY APPLICATION TITLE”, to Jacob P. Stine and Victor Octav Suba Miura, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure is related to video game emulation. Among other things, this disclosure describes a method and apparatus for pre-loading emulated applications.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Video games are commonly loaded into a random access memory (RAM) before a player may begin playing the game. This loading process may take a substantial amount of time. Instead of showing a blank screen to the game player, games are often designed with a loading screen. Loading screens may be a picture or a video related to the game, or even a progress bar. However, these loading screens are often not desirable. Preferably, once a game is selected, the game should be immediately playable. The effects of loading time are compounded further when games are being emulated and being delivered over a cloud based network. The delivery over the network may create an additional wait time. Also, network delays may cause the delivery of the emulated data to a game player's device to be slowed as well.
Further still, games are designed to be loaded from a predetermined starting position. Incremental buffering may be used in order to make the game load faster from this predetermined starting position. Incremental buffering is a technique that may be used to allow a game to load faster. Instead of having to build a large buffer from the beginning of the game, the buffer is initially small and then grows in size as the gameplay progresses. However, when a game is loaded at a location where the incremental buffering was not incorporated into the design of the game, the loading time may take even longer because a larger buffer must first be built at this position of the game. With the growth in popularity of mini-games, the ability to load a game quickly from any point in the game is highly desirable. In order to implement faster loading through incremental buffering, a game designer would be required to re-code parts of the game. This additional step would increase the time and cost required for developing mini-games.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a method and apparatus for pre-loading translated code in a cloud based emulation. It is within this context that aspects of the present disclosure arise.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a client device platform and an emulator residing on a cloud based server communicating over a network according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2A is a block diagram of a method for pre-loading an emulated application according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2B is a block diagram describing the instructions for how an emulator may pre-load an application according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3A is a block diagram of a method for pre-loading a snapshot according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3B is a block diagram describing the instructions for how an emulator may pre-load a snapshot according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 is a drawing of the game selection menu displayed on a client device platform that illustrates how a prediction engine may determine which game to pre-load according to an aspect of the present disclosure.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Although the following detailed description contains many specific details for the purposes of illustration, anyone of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that many variations and alterations to the following details are within the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the aspects of the present disclosure described below are set forth without any loss of generality to, and without imposing limitations upon, the claims that follow this description.
According to aspects of the present disclosure, an emulator may be one of a plurality of virtual machines on a cloud based server. The emulator may be created by the server in response to demand for a given emulated application. Once the emulator has been generated by the server, the emulator may access an application that is to be emulated. The emulator may then begin translating the code of the application. The translated code may be stored in a cache. When a client device platform selects the application that has been emulated by the emulator, the emulator may deliver the translated application data to the client device platform over the network. According to aspects of the present disclosure, the emulated application may be a legacy game, a snapshot of a legacy game, an audio file, a video file, a mobile application, a desktop application or a web application.
According to additional aspects of the present disclosure, the emulator may be provided with a snapshot of a legacy game. The snapshot of the legacy game may have addresses of the stored data abstracted from the snapshot. This enables the snapshot to be platform independent. However, the emulator needs the addresses of the data in order to properly emulate the legacy game. Therefore, the addresses may be generated from platform independent information in the snapshot through an automated process. Once the addresses have been generated, the emulator may begin translating the code and storing emulated game data in a memory. Once the legacy game has been selected by a client device platform, the emulator may deliver the emulated data to the client device platform over a network.
According to additional aspects of the present disclosure, the prediction engine may direct the emulator as to which legacy game it should begin loading before a client device platform makes a selection for a game. By way of example, and not by way of limitation the prediction engine may use historical data, player profile information, trigger information from a game currently being played, or behavior patterns in order to determine which game should be pre-loaded by the emulator.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system containing components that can implement emulation in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. An emulator 107 may be one of a plurality of emulators 107 on a cloud based server 104. An emulator 107 may be accessed by a client device platform 103 over a network 160. The client device platform 103 may access alternative emulators 107 over the network 160. The emulators 107 may be identical to each other, or they may each be programmed to emulate unique legacy game titles 106 or unique sets of legacy game titles 106. The emulator 107 may be a virtual machine that can be built or deleted by a cloud based server 104. This enables the cloud based server 104 to meet the demand during times of peak usage without having to waste resources when usage is low.
The client device platform 103 may include a central processor unit (CPU) 131′. By way of example, a CPU 131′ may include one or more processors, which may be configured according to any suitable processor architecture, e.g., a dual-core, quad-core, multi-core, or Cell processor architecture. The client device platform 103 may also include a memory 132′ (e.g., RAM, DRAM, ROM, and the like). The CPU 131′ may execute a process-control program 133′, portions of which may be stored in the memory 132′. The client device platform 103 may also include well-known support circuits 140′, such as input/output (I/O) circuits 141′, power supplies (P/S) 142′, a clock (CLK) 143′ and cache 144′. The client device platform 103 may optionally include a mass storage device 134′ such as a disk drive, CD-ROM drive, tape drive, or the like to store programs and/or data. The client device platform 103 may also optionally include a display unit 137′ and a user interface unit 138′ to facilitate interaction between the client device platform 103 and a user. The display unit 137′ may be in the form of a cathode ray tube (CRT) or flat panel screen that displays text, numerals, or graphical symbols. The user interface unit 138′ may include a keyboard, mouse, joystick, light pen, or other device. A controller 145′ may be connected to the client device platform 103 through the I/O circuit 141′ or it may be directly integrated into the client device platform 103. The controller 145′ may facilitate interaction between the client device platform 103 and a user. The controller 145′ may include a keyboard, mouse, joystick, light pen, hand-held controls or other device. The controller 145′ may also be capable of generating a haptic response 146′. By way of example and not by way of limitation, the haptic response 146′ may be implemented in the form of mechanical vibrations or any other feedback corresponding to the sense of touch. The client device platform 103 may include a network interface 139′, configured to enable the use of Wi-Fi, an Ethernet port, or other communication methods.
The network interface 139′ may incorporate suitable hardware, software, firmware or some combination of two or more of these to facilitate communication via an electronic communications network 160. The network interface 139′ may be configured to implement wired or wireless communication over local area networks and wide area networks such as the Internet. The client device platform 103 may send and receive data and/or requests for files via one or more data packets over the network 160.
The preceding components may exchange signals with each other via an internal system bus 150′. The client device platform 103 may be a general purpose computer that becomes a special purpose computer when miming code that implements embodiments of the present invention as described herein.
The emulator 107 may include a central processor unit (CPU) 131. By way of example, a CPU 131 may include one or more processors, which may be configured according to any suitable processor architecture, e.g., a dual-core, quad-core, multi-core, or Cell processor architecture. The emulator 107 may also include a memory 132 (e.g., RAM, DRAM, ROM, and the like). The CPU 131 may execute a process-control program 133, portions of which may be stored in the memory 132. The emulator 107 may also include well-known support circuits 140, such as input/output (I/O) circuits 141, power supplies (P/S) 142, a clock (CLK) 143 and cache 144. The emulator 107 may optionally include a mass storage device 134 such as a disk drive, CD-ROM drive, tape drive, or the like to store programs and/or data. The emulator 107 may also optionally include a display unit 137 and user interface unit 138 to facilitate interaction between the emulator 107 and a user who requires direct access to the emulator 107. By way of example and not by way of limitation an engineer may need direct access to the emulator 107 in order to program the emulator 107 to properly emulate a desired legacy game 106 or to add additional mini-game capabilities to a legacy game 106. The display unit 137 may be in the form of a cathode ray tube (CRT) or flat panel screen that displays text, numerals, or graphical symbols. The user interface unit 138 may include a keyboard, touchpad, touch screen, mouse, joystick, light pen, or other device. The emulator 107 may include a network interface 139, configured to enable the use of Wi-Fi, an Ethernet port, or other communication methods.
The network interface 139 may incorporate suitable hardware, software, firmware or some combination of two or more of these to facilitate communication via the electronic communications network 160. The network interface 139 may be configured to implement wired or wireless communication over local area networks and wide area networks such as the Internet. The emulator 107 may send and receive data and/or requests for files via one or more data packets over the network 160.
The preceding components may exchange signals with each other via an internal system bus 150. The emulator 107 may be a general purpose computer that becomes a special purpose computer when running code that implements embodiments of the present invention as described herein.
The emulator 107 may access a legacy game 106 through the internal system bus 150. There may be more than one legacy game 106 stored in the emulator. The legacy games may also be stored in the memory 132 or in the mass storage device 134. Additionally, one or more legacy games 106 may be stored at a remote location accessible to the emulator 107 over the network 160. Each legacy game 106 contains game code 108. When the legacy game 106 is emulated, the game code 108 produces legacy game data 109. Legacy game data 109 may be received by the client device platform 103 and displayed on the display unit 137′.
By way of example, a legacy game 106 may be any game that is not compatible with a client device platform 103. By way of example and not by way of limitation, the legacy game 106 may have been designed to be played on Sony Computer Entertainment's PlayStation console, but the client device platform 103 is a home computer. By way of example, the legacy game 106 may have been designed to be played on a PlayStation 2 console, but the client device platform 103 is a PlayStation 3 console. Further, by way of example and not by way of limitation, a legacy game 106 may have been designed to be played on a PlayStation console, but the client device platform 103 is a hand held console such as the PlayStation Portable (PSP) or Vita from Sony Computer Entertainment.
In some implementations, but not all, the emulator 107 may be a deterministic emulator. A deterministic emulator is an emulator that may process a given set of game inputs the same way every time that the same set of inputs are provided to the emulator 107. Game inputs may be signals sent by the client device platform 103 to the emulator 107 in order to advance the emulated game from a first state to a second state. By way of example, the game inputs may be directions for the main character of a game to move on the screen, a selection of an item from a menu in the game or any other action that may take place during the playing of the game. An emulator 107 may be made deterministic by eliminating any dependencies in the code run by the emulator 107 that depend from asynchronous activity. Asynchronous activities are events that occur independently of the main program flow. This means that actions may be executed in a non-blocking scheme in order to allow the main program flow to continue processing. Therefore, by way of example, and not by way of limitation, the emulator 107 may be deterministic when the dependencies in the code 108 depend from basic blocks that always begin and end with synchronous activity. By way of example, basic blocks may be predetermined increments of code at which the emulator 107 checks for external events or additional game inputs 347. The emulator 107 may also wait for any activities that run asynchronously within a system component to complete before proceeding to the next basic block. When no asynchronous activities are running, the emulator 107 may be thought of as running all of the basic blocks of the code 108 in lock step. In such a case, the emulator 107 is sometimes said to be in a “steady state”.
As shown in FIG. 2A, the emulator 107 may be configured to implement a method for pre-loading a legacy game 106 according to an inventive method 260. Various aspects of the method 260 may be implemented by execution of computer executable instructions running on the emulator 107 in conjunction with the actions client device platform 103. Specifically, an emulator 107 may be configured, e.g., by suitable programming, to implement certain emulator instructions 270.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure the emulator 107 may begin method 260 by deciding which legacy game 106 will be pre-loaded at 261. This selection is made before a client device platform makes a request for a legacy game 106. By selecting a game to pre-load before the request is made by the client device platform 103, the game will be ready to play without a delay due to the loading. The selection process may be implemented by a prediction engine 147. The prediction engine 147 may be a process control program 133 stored in a memory 132 on the emulator 107 or on a mass storage 134. Alternatively, the prediction engine 147 may be located in a memory on the cloud based server 104.
According to aspects of the present disclosure, the prediction engine 147 may use historical data to choose which game will be pre-loaded. By way of example, the historical data may be information of how often a legacy game 106 is requested by all of the users accessing the cloud based server 104. This information may be further defined by the date and time. This information may show that there are patterns of usage based on the day of the week and/or the time of the day. For example, based on historical data, on Monday through Friday during the fall, there may be a historically observed spike in usage and requests for a particular first person shooting game at around 4:00 P.M. In order to have sufficient instances of the first person shooting game loaded when a client device platform 103 requests this specific legacy game 106, the emulator may choose the first person shooting legacy game 106 to pre-load.
According to additional aspects of the present disclosure, the prediction engine 147 may track the navigation of a client device platform on the cloud based server 104 in order to choose which legacy game 106 will be pre-loaded. By way of example, and not by way of limitation, the client device platform 103 may access a legacy game selection menu 400. The game selection menu 400 may be displayed on the display 137′ of the client device platform. FIG. 4 is a diagram of the menu 400 as seen on the display 137′. Once the client device platform 103 accesses the menu 400, the emulator may begin pre-loading one of the legacy games A-F. Further, the emulator may track a cursor 448 in order to more accurately predict which of the legacy games will be requested by the client device platform 103. By way of example, if the cursor 445 is hovering over legacy game B, for a predetermined time, then the emulator may select legacy game B to pre-load. The navigation of the client device platform may also be tracked by alternative indicators. By way of example and not by way of limitation, eye tracking may be used to detect which game a user of the client device platform may be focusing on in order to make a selection of a game to pre-load.
According to addition aspects of the present disclosure, the prediction engine 147 may use a user profile corresponding to the client device platform 103 in order to choose which legacy game 106 will be pre-loaded. A user profile may track the usage history of a client device platform 103. By way of example, and not by way of limitation usage history may include which legacy games 106 the client device platform 103 has requested and how many times each legacy game 106 has been requested. The usage history may also track usage patterns for an individual client device platform based on the time of day and/or the day of the week. Through analyzing this information in the user profile, the prediction engine may more accurately select which legacy game 106 the client device platform 103 will request next.
According to additional aspects of the present disclosure, the prediction engine 147 may use triggers within a legacy game 106 that is currently being played by a client device platform 103 in order to choose which legacy game 106 should be pre-loaded. Triggers are further described in commonly assigned application Ser. No. 61/666,628 filed Jun. 29, 2012, and entitled “DETERMINING TRIGGERS FOR CLOUD-BASED EMULATED GAMES”. By way of example, and not by way of limitation, triggers that may be used by the prediction engine could be a score, a time remaining in the game, or finishing a predetermined portion of a game. A score may be used by the prediction engine as an indication of the performance of the client device platform 103. If the score is above a certain value, then the client device platform 103 may be a skilled player, and may be more likely to request a similar game 106 that has a higher degree of difficulty next. In the alternative, if the score is below a certain value, then the client device platform 103 may be a novice player, and therefore may be more likely to request a legacy game 106 which has a lower degree of difficulty next. The time remaining in the game may be used by the prediction engine to indicate that a new legacy game 106 may be requested soon. When the client device platform 103 finishes a predetermined portion of the game, the prediction engine may determine that the next legacy game 106 in a series of legacy games 106 will be requested next, and therefore the emulator may begin pre-loading the next legacy game 106 in the series.
It should be noted that any of the previously stated types of information, or any other type of information may be used in combination or singularly by the prediction engine 147 in order to determine which legacy game 106 should be pre-loaded. Additionally, more than one legacy game may be pre-loaded in order to increase the probability that the legacy game 106 eventually requested by the client device platform 103 has been pre-loaded by the emulator 107.
Once the snapshot has been selected by the prediction engine 147, the emulator 107 may retrieve the legacy game 106 at 262. The legacy game 106 may be stored on a memory external to the emulator 107, but accessible over the network 160. By way of example, and not by way of limitation, the legacy game 106 may be stored on a memory on the cloud based server 104. Alternatively, the legacy game 106 may already be stored on a memory within the emulator 107 such as the mass storage 134 and therefore may be accessed over the internal system bus 150.
After the legacy game 106 has been retrieved by the emulator 107, method 260 continues with the emulator 107 beginning the translation of the legacy game data at 263. The translation of the legacy game data is an emulation of the legacy game 106 which allows the legacy game 106 to be translated into a format that is compatible with the client device platform 103. The translation of the game may be ended once the game is at a starting position. The starting position may be an initial game menu, or it may be where the game play begins. The translated legacy game data is then stored in a memory 132 on the emulator at 264. The memory may be a cache memory in order to increase the speed of delivery once the game is requested. Finally at 265, the translated legacy game data is delivered to the client device platform 103 over the network 160 when the client device platform 103 makes a request for the legacy game 106.
As shown in FIG. 2B, a set of emulator instructions 270 may be implemented, e.g., by the emulator 107. The emulation instructions 270 may be formed on a nontransitory computer readable medium such as the memory 132 or the mass storage device 134. The emulator instructions 270 may also be part of the process control program 133. The instructions include choosing a legacy game 106 to pre-load at 271. Thereafter, the instructions include retrieving the legacy game 106 at 272. Next, the emulator 107 is provided with instructions for translating the legacy game data into a format that is compatible with the client device platform at 273. Once the legacy game data has been translated, the emulator instruction 270 may include storing the translated legacy game data in a memory at 274. Finally, at 275 the instructions may include delivering the translated legacy game data over the network to the client device platform 103 after the request for the legacy game 106 has been made by the client device platform 103.
FIG. 3A is a bock diagram of a method 360 in accordance with an additional aspect of the present disclosure. This additional aspect of the present disclosure describes how a snapshot may be pre-loaded by an emulator 107. Snapshots are platform-independent recordings of the state of the emulator 107 at a point during emulation of a legacy game 106. Snapshots may contain platform-dependent information that can be useful but not essential for restoring the state of the emulation. For example, a snapshot may include a number of graphics processor plug-ins, such as a texture cache, that may be ignored. Snapshots are further described in commonly assigned application Ser. No. 61/666,679, filed Jun. 29, 2012, and entitled “SUSPENDING STATE OF CLOUD-BASED LEGACY APPLICATIONS”. Snapshots may be used when the game being loaded is a mini-game. Mini-games are short portions of a game that might not begin at the designated starting position of the legacy game 106 as originally designed. Mini-games are further described in commonly-assigned, co-pending application Ser. No. 13/631,740, filed the same day as the present application, and entitled “METHOD FOR CREATING A MINI-GAME”.
As shown in FIG. 3A, the emulator 107 may be configured to implement a method for pre-loading a snapshot according to an inventive method 360. Various aspects of the method 360 may be implemented by execution of computer executable instructions running on the emulator 107 in conjunction with the actions of the client device platform 103. Specifically, an emulator 107 may be configured, e.g., by suitable programming, to implement certain emulator instructions 370.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the emulator 107 may begin method 260 by determining which snapshot will be pre-loaded at 261. This selection is made before a client device platform 103 makes a request for a snapshot to be loaded. By selecting a snapshot to pre-load before the request is made by the client device platform 103, the snapshot will be ready to play without a delay. The process of pre-loading a snapshot is important for preventing a delay in the gaming experience for the user because snapshots may not begin at the original starting position of the legacy game 106 they are generated from. Since the snapshot initiates the play of the game from an intermediate position of the legacy game 106, incremental buffering may not be available. Without incremental buffering the loading of the snapshot may require additional loading time to because a larger buffer is needed to initiate the game play, as opposed to the smaller buffer when incremental buffering is available.
The selection process may be implemented by a prediction engine 147. The prediction engine 147 may be a process control program 133 stored in a memory 132 on the emulator 107 or on a mass storage 134. The prediction engine 147 may be similar to that of the prediction engine described above for use with loading a legacy game 106 from its original starting position. As such, in order to predict which snapshot will be chosen next by the client device platform 103, the prediction engine 147 may use historical data, track the navigation of a client device platform on the cloud based server 104, utilize a user profile corresponding to the client device platform 103, or use triggers within a legacy game 106 that is currently being played by a client device platform 103.
It should be noted that each of the previously stated types of information or any other type of information may be used in combination or singularly by the prediction engine 147 in order to determine which snapshot should be pre-loaded. Additionally, more than one snapshot may be pre-loaded in order to increase the probability that the snapshot eventually chosen by the client device platform 103 has been pre-loaded by the emulator 107.
Once the snapshot has been selected by the prediction engine 147, the emulator 107 may retrieve the snapshot at 362. The snapshot may be stored on a memory external to the emulator 107, but accessible over the network 160. By way of example, and not by way of limitation, the snapshot may be stored on a memory on the cloud based server 104. Alternatively, the snapshot may already be stored on a memory within the emulator 107 such as the mass storage 134 and therefore may be accessed over the internal system bus 150.
Once the snapshot has been retrieved, the emulator 107 may generate the platform dependent addresses for the specific instance of the emulator 107 at 364. According to some aspects of the present disclosure the address space for every instance of an emulator 107 may be randomized for security purposes through address space layout randomization (ASLR). Therefore, the emulator's address space may be abstracted from the snapshot in order for a snapshot to be platform independent. As such, in order to pre-load a snapshot, the address space information for the specific instance of the emulator 107 that is loading the snapshot may need to be generated. The specific address information may be generated from the platform independent information within the snapshot with an automated script. Additional information may be added to a translated code cache that marks dependent addresses for code and/or data. By way of example, and not by way of limitation, when a device loads the snapshot, markers in the code cache may be used to relocate code and/or data to reflect the changed emulating system's memory map.
After the address information is generated, the emulator 107 may begin translating the legacy game data at 364 in order to build a buffer. The translation of the legacy game data is an emulation of the legacy game 106 which allows the legacy game 106 to be in a format that is compatible with the client device platform 103. The snapshot provides the starting position of the legacy game 106, and instructs every device running on the emulator 107 what state it should be in for the legacy game 106 to be executed properly from that point. However, since the snapshot starting point may not be the original starting position of the legacy game 106, a buffer may also be needed since there might not be incremental buffering at that position of the legacy game 106. The translation of the legacy game data may be ended once the game is at the snapshot starting position and a sufficient buffer has been built to run the game properly from that position. Thereafter, the translated buffered data is stored in a memory 132 on the emulator 107 at 365. The memory may be a cache memory in order to increase the speed of delivery once the snapshot is requested by the client device platform 103. Finally at 366, the translated legacy game data is delivered to the client device platform 103 over the network 160 when the client device platform 103 makes a request for the snapshot.
As shown in FIG. 3B, a set of emulator instructions 370 may be implemented, e.g., by the emulator 107. The emulation instructions 370 may be formed on a nontransitory computer readable medium such as the memory 132 or the mass storage device 134. The emulator instructions 370 may also be part of the process control program 133. The instructions include choosing a snapshot to pre-load at 371. Next, the emulator 107 is provided with instructions for retrieving the snapshot at 372. Thereafter, the instructions include generating the platform dependent addresses that allow the emulator 107 to process the snapshot at 373. Then at 374, the instructions include building a buffer by translating the legacy game data into a format that is compatible with the client device platform at 374. Once the legacy game data has been translated, the emulator instruction 370 may include storing the translated legacy game data in a memory at 375. Finally, the instructions may include delivering the translated legacy game data over the network 160 to the client device platform 103 after the request for the game has been made by the client device platform 103 at 376.
While the above is a complete description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to use various alternatives, modifications and equivalents. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined not with reference to the above description but should, instead, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with their full scope of equivalents. Any feature described herein, whether preferred or not, may be combined with any other feature described herein, whether preferred or not. In the claims that follow, the indefinite article “A”, or “An” refers to a quantity of one or more of the item following the article, except where expressly stated otherwise. The appended claims are not to be interpreted as including means-plus-function limitations, unless such a limitation is explicitly recited in a given claim using the phrase “means for.”

## Claims

1. A nontransitory computer readable medium containing program instructions for pre-loading an emulated application, and wherein execution of the program instructions by one or more processors of a computer system causes the one or more processors to carry out the steps of:
a) choosing an emulated application to pre-load, wherein the emulated application is a snapshot of a legacy application, wherein the snapshot is a platform-independent recording of a state of an emulator at a point during emulation of the legacy application;
b) retrieving pre-translated code for the emulated application chosen to be pre-loaded before a request for the emulated application is received from a client device platform;
c) translating data from the chosen emulated application into a format that is compatible with a client device platform by executing the pre-translated code for the emulated application;
d) building a buffer after the snapshot by translating additional data from the legacy application;
e) storing the translated data in a memory; and
f) delivering the translated data to the client device platform over the network after the request for the emulated application is made by the client device platform.

2. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the emulated application is a legacy game.

3. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 1, further comprising generating specific address information for the snapshot before the snapshot is translated into a format that is compatible with the client device platform.

4. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the memory is a cache.

5. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the pre-translated code is loaded before a request for the emulated application is made by the client device platform.

6. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the choosing of which emulated application to pre-load is determined by a prediction engine.

7. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 6, wherein the prediction engine uses historical data of the number of client device platforms that have made a request for the emulated application in order to choose which emulated application to pre-load.

8. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 7, wherein the historical data further includes a time and date with each request for the emulated application.

9. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 6, wherein the prediction engine uses data from a user profile associated with the client device platform that is searching for an emulated application in order to choose which emulated application to pre-load.

10. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 6, wherein the prediction engine uses triggers from a second application that is being played by the client device platform in order to choose which emulated application to pre-load.

11. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 6, wherein the prediction engine tracks the client device platform as it navigates an application selection menu in order to choose which emulated application to pre-load.

12. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the prediction engine follows a cursor controlled by the client device platform in order to track the navigation.

13. The nontransitory computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the prediction engine follows one or more eyes belonging to a user controlling the client device platform in order to track the navigation.

14. An emulator configured to operate on a network, comprising:
a processor;
a memory coupled to the processor;
one or more instructions embodied in memory for execution by the processor, the instructions being configured to pre-load an emulated application, the method comprising:
a) choosing an emulated application to pre-load, wherein the emulated application is a snapshot of a legacy application, wherein the snapshot is a platform-independent recording of a state of an emulator at a point during emulation of the legacy application;
b) retrieving pre-translated code for the emulated application chosen to be pre-loaded before a request for the emulated application is received from a client device platform;
c) translating data from the chosen emulated application into a format that is compatible with the client device platform by executing the pre-translated code for the emulated application;
d) building a buffer after the snapshot by translating additional data from the legacy application;
e) storing the translated data in a memory; and
f) delivering the translated data to the client device platform over the network after the request for the emulated application is made by the client device platform.

15. The emulator of claim 14, wherein the emulated application is a legacy game.

16. The emulator of claim 14, further comprising generating specific address information for the snapshot before the snapshot is translated into a format that is compatible with the client device platform.

17. The emulator of claim 14, wherein the memory is a cache.

18. The emulator of claim 14, wherein the pre-translated code is loaded before a request for the emulated application is made by the client device platform.

19. The emulator of claim 14, wherein the choosing of which emulated application to pre-load is determined by a prediction engine.

20. The emulator of claim 19, wherein the prediction engine uses historical data of the number of client device platforms that have made a request for the emulated application in order to choose which emulated application to pre-load.

21. The emulator of claim 20, wherein the historical data further includes a time and date with each request for the emulated application.

22. The emulator of claim 19, wherein the prediction engine uses data from a user profile associated with the client device platform that is searching for an emulated application in order to choose which emulated application to pre-load.

23. The emulator of claim 19, wherein the prediction engine uses triggers from a second application that is being played by the client device platform in order to choose which emulated application to pre-load.

24. The emulator of claim 19, wherein the prediction engine tracks the client device platform as it navigates an application selection menu in order to choose which emulated application to pre-load.

25. The emulator of claim 24, wherein the prediction engine follows a cursor controlled by the client device platform in order to track the navigation.

26. The emulator of claim 24, wherein the prediction engine follows one or more eyes belonging to a user controlling the client device platform in order to track the navigation.

27. In an emulator configured to operate on a network, a method for preloading an emulated application, comprising: a) choosing an emulated application to pre-load, wherein the emulated application is a snapshot of a legacy application, wherein the snapshot is a platform-independent recording of a state of an emulator at a point during emulation of the legacy application;
b) retrieving pre-translated code for the emulated application chosen to be pre-loaded before a request for the emulated application is received from a client device platform;
c) translating data from the chosen emulated application into a format that is compatible with the client device platform by executing the pre-translated code for the emulated application;
d) building a buffer after the snapshot by translating additional data from the legacy application;
e) storing the translated data in a memory; and
f) delivering the translated data to the client device platform over the network after the request for the emulated application is made by the client device platform.