§§ 444 to 449 TITLE 25—INDIANS Page 144

tion that such railroad should be a post route

and military road, subject to the use of the

United States for postal, military, naval, and

other Government services, and also subject to

such regulations as Congress may impose, restricting the charge for such government transportation, having claims against the United

States for transportation of Indian goods and

supplies over such aided railroads, shall be paid

out of the moneys appropriated for such purpose

only on the basis of such rate for the transportation of such Indian goods and supplies as the

Secretary of the Interior shall deem just and

reasonable under the provisions set forth herein,

such rate not to exceed 50 per centum of the

compensation for such Government transportation as shall at that time be charged to and

paid by private parties to any such company for

like and similar transportation; and the amount

so fixed to be paid shall be accepted as in full for

all demands for such service.

(Apr. 30, 1908, ch. 153, 35 Stat. 73.)

CODIFICATION

Section was formerly classified to section 93 of Title

45, Railroads.

§§ 444 to 449. Repealed. Aug. 5, 1954, ch. 658, § 5,

68 Stat. 675

Sections, act Apr. 3, 1952, ch. 129, §§1–6, 66 Stat. 35, related to Indian hospital services and facilities. See section 2001 et seq. of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL

Repeal effective July 1, 1959, see section 6 of act Aug.

5, 1954, set out as an Effective Date note under section

2001 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

SUBCHAPTER II—INDIAN SELF-DETERMINATION AND EDUCATION ASSISTANCE

SUBCHAPTER REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This subchapter is referred to in sections 450a–1, 941h,

1683, 1809, 1812, 2001, 2008, 2411, 2501, 2505, 2506, 2508, 2802,

3207, 3302, 3304, 3305, 3322, 3325, 3613, 3614, 3711, 3731, 3803,

3905, 4101, 4103 of this title; title 7 sections 178g, 178h;

title 12 section 1715z–13a; title 16 section 410ii–5; title 20

sections 969, 2397e, 5895, 8034; title 23 section 204; title 40

section 276d–3; title 42 sections 612, 1471, 5302, 11432; title

43 section 1600l.

§ 450. Congressional statement of findings

(a) Findings respecting historical and special

legal relationship, and resultant responsibilities

The Congress, after careful review of the Federal Government’s historical and special legal

relationship with, and resulting responsibilities

to, American Indian people, finds that—

(1) the prolonged Federal domination of Indian service programs has served to retard

rather than enhance the progress of Indian

people and their communities by depriving Indians of the full opportunity to develop leadership skills crucial to the realization of selfgovernment, and has denied to the Indian people an effective voice in the planning and implementation of programs for the benefit of Indians which are responsive to the true needs of

Indian communities; and

(2) the Indian people will never surrender

their desire to control their relationships both

among themselves and with non-Indian governments, organizations, and persons.

(b) Further findings

The Congress further finds that—

(1) true self-determination in any society of

people is dependent upon an educational process which will insure the development of qualified people to fulfill meaningful leadership

roles;

(2) the Federal responsibility for and assistance to education of Indian children has not

effected the desired level of educational

achievement or created the diverse opportunities and personal satisfaction which education

can and should provide; and

(3) parental and community control of the

educational process is of crucial importance to

the Indian people.

(Pub. L. 93–638, §2, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2203.)

SHORT TITLE OF 1994 AMENDMENT

Pub. L. 103–413, §1, Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4250, provided that: ‘‘This Act [enacting part D (§458aa et seq.)

of this subchapter and section 450l of this title, amending sections 450b, 450c, 450e, 450f, 450j to 450k, 450m, and

450m–1 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as

notes under this section and section 458aa of this title]

may be cited as the ‘Indian Self-Determination Act

Amendments of 1994’.’’

Pub. L. 103–413, title I, §101, Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat.

4250, provided that: ‘‘This title [enacting section 450l of

this title and amending sections 450b, 450c, 450e, 450f,

450j to 450k, 450m, and 450m–1 of this title] may be cited

as the ‘Indian Self-Determination Contract Reform Act

of 1994’.’’

Pub. L. 103–413, title II, §201, Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat.

4270, provided that: ‘‘This title [enacting part D (§458aa

et seq.) of this subchapter and provisions set out as

notes under section 458aa of this title] may be cited as

the ‘Tribal Self-Governance Act of 1994’.’’

SHORT TITLE OF 1990 AMENDMENT

Pub. L. 101–644, title II, §201, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat.

4665, provided that: ‘‘This title [amending sections 450b,

450c, 450f, 450h, 450j, 450j–1, and 450k of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 450h

of this title] may be cited as the ‘Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act Amendments

of 1990’.’’

SHORT TITLE OF 1988 AMENDMENT

Pub. L. 100–472, title I, §101, Oct. 5, 1988, 102 Stat. 2285,

provided that: ‘‘This Act [enacting sections 450j–1 and

450m–1 of this title, amending sections 13a, 450a to 450c,

450f to 450j, 450k, and 450n of this title, sections 3371 and

3372 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, sections 2004b and 4762 of Title 42, The Public

Health and Welfare, and section 456 of the Appendix to

Title 50, War and National Defense, transferring section

450l of this title to section 450c(f) of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section

and section 450f of this title] may be cited as the ‘Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act

Amendments of 1988’.’’

SHORT TITLE

Section 1 of Pub. L. 93–638 provided: ‘‘That this Act

[enacting this subchapter, section 13a of this title, and

section 2004b of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, amending section 3371 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, section 4762 of Title 42, and

section 456 of Title 50, Appendix, War and National Defense, and enacting provisions set out as notes under

sections 450f, 455, and 457 of this title] may be cited as

the ‘Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act’.’’