22. Connection completed (DSC)
23. Indicates that the other party has responded
ON: Other party has responded
OFF: Other party has not yet responded
24. Abandoned call (ACL)
25. Notifies the DTE of trouble in the calling operation
. ON: Trouble has occurred in calling operation
OFF: No trouble has occurred in calling operation
26. Power indicator (PI)
27. Indicates whether the power source for NCU is available
ON: Power source for NCU is available
OFF: Power source for NCU is not available
28. Signal grounding (SG)
29. Provides fundamental voltage for all interfaces, except FG

Table 6. Code of Digits in Binary

Column Values

Information Ds 8 |DS 4 {Ds 2

Digit 0
"

o
a
m=

HO] 00 Ja }on Jn [U9 | J

* (star)
# (square)
ECON

PHIRI ]RJolojololojojojo
HJololojo|HiH|HlHJolojolo
O|R|HJolo|HiRlolojHR|Hlolo
olHlo[HlofHlolHlo|Hjo}H}o

12



All the more so since we could not accuse the creators of those figures
of directly frittering away the conjectural 85 hours. There are no tele-
phone sets alongside lathes or looms, but in offices. But nonetheless
this irretrievably lost time could be turned to account.

If we continue with our arithmetic, we encounter almost astronomical fig-
ures. In the capital city's private branch exchanges alone there are
96,000 numbers. If each of these stations squanders 20 minutes every day,
the innocent expenditure of time on PBX's would amount to 8,160,000 hours
in a year. We would not undertake to specify in this event how many things
coyld be produced in this time. But what might not get done in these
millions of hours?!

The ruthless exploitation of the telephone in our country is also illus-
trated by other figures. According to international rating, one station
should generate from 800 to 1200 calls a year. Here, too, we are “over
the world level.” We go as high as 16,000-17,000 calls -- a number that
cannot help affecting quality. This inconceivable number of calls impedes
the operation of telephone exchanges. The latter are calculated for a
certain number of connections, just as a bridge is calculated for loads of
limited tonnage.

Let nobody erroneously interpret our words as a kind of justification of
the telephone communications in our country. No, we are far from such a
position and we would prove this at once -- again with figures. In the
developed countries 70 out of 100 local calls are completed with conversa-
tion. Subscriber errors come to 10-12 percent. In our country barely
30=40 calls (out of 100) are completed with conversation. For Sofia this
figure is 45-50 to 55. At the end of the five-year plan with the recon-
struction and modernization of the Sofia telephone network, it is expected
that 60 calls (out of 100) will be completed with conversation. In inter-
national communications, 12-20 calls are successful instead of 65. Here
we will already have a little difficulty in speaking of a world level.
And inevitably we will have to use the words effectiveness" and “quality”
which have become so popular during the five-year plan. But with a minus
sign in front. A primary concern of the Ministry of Communications is to
make this sign a plus by increasing the carrying capacity of the entire
communications system.

Let us get back to what we were saying. And that was the matter of

economizing. Economizing on the time which slips away imperceptibly on
the telephone and which we could convert into material form.

6474
cso: 5500

34



BULGARIA

POOR STATE OF TELEPHONE EQUIPMENT, COMMUNICATIONS OUTLINED
Sofia POGLED in Bulgarian 25 Jul 77 pp 2

[Article by Yana Konstantinova, Ministry of Communications press secretary:
"Who Is Confusing the Reader?"

[Text] The charges leveled against telephone communications personnel,
carried in issue No 20 of 16 June 1977 on padding telephone charges with
a view to the fulfillment of quarterly or annual plan and for earning
bonuses are groundless. However, we are convinced that the editors have
received letters complaining of telephone conversation charges, We, too,
receive such letters. Investigations have established that a large per-
centage of them are groundless. It turns out that those who complain have
dialed directly other okrug cities or else that their set was used by
friends or neighbors who dialed other settlements without the knowledge
and permission of the subscriber. Breakdowns of the individual readers
are not excluded. However, these are isolated cases. Should they occur
the quarterly charges are amended. We answer the questions of the news-
paper as follows:

1. What is the "secret" of impeccable telephone communications?

The quality of telephone communications depends on a number of factors
and, above all, of the technical equipment.

Our national telephone circuit has mostly obsolete equipment which is
unable to provide high quality use. We are undertaking the insulation of
newer equipment which will improve the condition of telephone communica-
tions in Sofia and throughout the country. Unfortunately, the Ministry
of Electronics and Electrical Engineering has still not supplied us with
the necessary quasielectronic settlement equipment.

Disturbances in telephone conversations arise also because of the current
reconstruction and modernization of telephone circuits without breaking
existing communications. However, we are trying to recircuit communica-
tions mainly at night, when the traffic is at its lowest,

30



HUNGARY

LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE NETWORK TO BE EXPANDED
Budapest NEPSZABADSAG in Hungarian 28 Aug 77 p 1

[Text] At a press conference on Saturday at the Mihaly Pollack Technical
College--within the scope of the 9th National Postal Conference--Dezso Horn,
deputy minister and Postal Service managing director, reviewed the most im-
portant tasks facing the Postal Service. Arpad Pullai, minister of transpor-
tation and postal affairs, was also present. Among other things he said that
by 1981, they will open 3 telephone zone exchange centers and another one

by 1982. The new automatic letter sorting equipment will probably be placed
in operation by next year at Post Office #78. The final organization of the
construction area of the Postal Service Center is continuing as well as the
approval of the development goal.

The deputy minister said that the most important tasks lie in the long dis-
tance communication lines. Presently, there are 1,100,000 installed instru-
ments in Hungary and that this is too few is shown among other things by

the fact that the postal service maintains a list of 200,000 requesters for
telephones. They will not be able to create a balance between the demands
and the possibilities for a long time. The Post, however, wants to make
sure that the population accomplishes its most important telephone conversa-
tions. So in addition to the proposed development of the exchange centers,
they will speed up the expansion of the public telephone network. Within
the time frame of the plan, in addition to the development of the exchange
centers in Budapest, they will expand and update telephone exchange centers
in 12 additional cities. Up to now, 144 cities and more significant settle-
ments have been connected to the national long distance network. Long distance
communication has been established for subscribers with 24 countries. In
the coming years both services will be expanded. One more interesting item
from the press conference: the number of TV subscribers now equals that of
the number of radio subscribers, in fact, it even exceeds [the latter] in
some counties.

csO: 2500

39



communication utilizing telephone circuits, a device becomes necessary for
installation between the DTE and telephone office facilities to perform the
functions of connecting and controlling the subscriber's network. This device
is the telephone circuit NCU which was just developed. Like other telephone
terminal equipment, this device has the capabilities of activating the switch-
ing equipment, restoring, transmitting selective signals, detecting calling
signals, etc.

3. “Outline”

In data communication utilizing telephone circuits, various modes of operations
can be conceived and therefore, various types of NCU interface blocks, suitable
for these modes of operations, were devised.

Since manual as well as automatic controls can be used in transmitting and
receiving operations, the following types have been developed: manual trans-
mitting and manual receiving; manual transmitting and automatic receiving;
and automatic transmitting and automatic receiving connections. A simple
"KANI"-type NCU, which can be used with existing telephone sets and does not
utilize control interface with other equipment, has also been developed. The
foregoing NCU's are for installation on the terminal side, for data communi-
cation using a single [HF] channel, but NCU's which can simultaneously handle
multichannels (capable of increasing in increments of 2-channel units, up to
a maximum of 20 channels) have been developed for installation at the central
office. Types of NCU's are shown in Table l.

Table 1. Kinds of NCU

Type Equipment Explanations
"KANT" NCU Switch to be used in combination with telephone
IMM-1 NCU (Note 1) Manual transmitting/receiving connection
MM-1 has level compensation circuit
IMM-2 NCU (Note 1) MM-2 does not have level compensation circuit
NCU (Note 1) Manual transmitting/automatic receiving connection
JAA~NCU = (Note 2) Automatic transmitting/receiving connection
ICA20-NCU (Note 2) For multichannel (maximum 20 channels)--install in
central office
2-channel transmit- 2-channel transmitting/receiving trunks to mount
tting/receiving on CA20-NCU
trunk for CA20 NCU
Testing equipment Portable testing equipment for maintenance
for telephone cir- purposes
cuit NCU



SAUDI ARABIA

EXPANDING COMMUNICATION SERVICES DISCUSSED BY MINISTER OF POST
Jiddah 'UKAZ in Arabic 4 Sep 77 p 3

[Interview with 'Alawi Darwish Kayyal, the Minister of Post, Telephone and
Telegraph, by 'Abd-al-'Aziz al-Sharif; Ten Artificial Satellite Stations in
Kingdom to Facilitate Telephone Communications; Mobile Telephone Centrals,
Each with a Capacity of 1,000 Lines To Handle Increased Contacts by Pilgrims
from Holy Places"]

[Excerpts] His Excellency Dr ‘Alawi Darwish Kayyal, the minister of post,
telephone and telegraph, has talked to 'UKAZ about the ministry's projects
in the various fields. His Excellency said that telephone, telegraph and
telex communications in the kingdom have become among the most important
mainstays of the kingdom's development operation. His Excellency also spoke
about the automatic telephone, the telex and the artificial satellite proj-
ects which seek to serve the citizens and to enhance domestic and interna-
tional communications and also to serve the pilgrims and the visitors to the
holy Ka'bah. Following is the text of the interview:

[Question] Your ministry has made vast strides in various important projects
in the kingdom's different provinces. What are the ministry's most important
projects that are being implemented this year to offer better services to the
citizens?

[Answer] Forgive me, but we don't say that they are vast strides. We say
that they are modest strides and we implore God to give us success in exert-
ing greater efforts for more projects to realize the country's prosperity
and the citizen's welfare, considering that telephone, telegraph and telex
communications have come to be among the most important fundamental mainstays
in the development operation.

All the projects being implemented by the ministry seek to facilitate and im-
prove the communications service and to spread this service at the broadest
level in order to meet the needs of all the citizens. In view of the fact
that the element of speed in this respect is of extreme importance, attention
is being devoted to the speedy performance of services.

49



JAMAICA

SEAGA STATEMENT SCORES PLAN TO STRANGLE FREE SPEECH
FLO91550Y Kingston DAILY GLEANER in English 7 Sep 77 pp 1, 13 FL

[Excerpts] Opposition leader Edward Seaga charged yesterday that the government's decision
to appoint a government-nominated directorate for Radio Jamaica, was the “critical move in

a four-part master plan by government to strangle its critics and assassinate free expression
in Jamaica."

Following is the text of the statement:

The decision of the government to appoint a government-nominated board of directors for Radio

Jamaica for a "one year period in the first instance" is the critical move in a four-part
master plan by government to strangle its critics and assassinate free expression in Jamaica.

The four-point PNP master plan was revealed by me in a statement published in the DAILY
GLEANER on July 30, 1975, over two years ago. This master plan is the standard communist
strategy to seize control of the free press and was first mooted in the PNP just after the
official visit to Cuba in July 1975. It calls for four steps to be taken, as revealed in my
statement of July 1975, and as re-stated here:

(1) Acquisition of control of RJR;
(2) Withdrawal of government economic support for the DAILY GLEANER;
(3) Transformation of JBC into a propaganda mouthpiece of the government;

(4) Establishment of a government newspaper.

In regard to these four steps, the public should note that in addition to the announced
establishment of a government board to run RJR as made by the prime minister on Sunday
night, the opportunity was also used by the prime minister to openly confirm the government's
decision to starve the DAILY GLEANER of all economic support on the grounds that it is
against democratic socialism.

The public is already aware of the transformation of JBC into a propaganda arm of the
government's API.

All that remains to completely fulfill this four-part master plan on which I warned two years
ago is the establishment of a government newspaper, signs of which are beginning to emerge
for those who are carefully following other developments with the daily press.

47



mail between the cities within 24 hours is reinstated. I will personally
pay surprise visits to the postal centers to familiarize myself with the
progress of work on the spot. The citizens have probably already felt an
improvement and will still feel greater improvement and will realize that
the delay problem has ended. I welcome any complaint about delay, should
there be any. The envelope containing the delayed letter should be attached
to the complaint so that the proper investigation may be conducted.

Increasing Telephone Lines

[Question] Concerning the automatic telephone, what is Your Excellency's
opinion on the ministry's recent announcement about increasing the telephone
lines and about extending the initial work period? Is the ministry inclined
to find a quick solution to this problem in the major cities?

[Answer] I believe that the answer to your first question also covered the
answer to this question. It should not be forgotten that the ministry is
exerting maximum efforts to find solutions to all the problems of services
through studies and planning. However, studying and planning the solutions
is one thing and implementing the solutions is something else that requires
time, capabilities, budgetary allocations and the cooperation of the com-
panies selected in implementing the operations on schedule and so forth. We
hope that our problems will end with the implementation of the plan's proj-
ects on schedule.

Artificial Satellite Stations

As for the latest decisions of the ministry regarding the use of artificial
satellites for telephone communications, I have already told you that we now
have four artificial satellite stations in Riyadh, al-Ta'if, Buraydah and
Abha. The ministry is exerting efforts currently to build 10 more stations
in various parts of the kingdom. The kingdom is a member in the International
Artificial Satellites Organization (INTELSAT).

However, the great accomplishment of which the Arabs are proud is that they
have founded the Arab Space Communications Organization, whose headquarters
is in Riyadh, to use space networks for communications through the Arab ar-
tificial satellites. It has been decided that the kingdom will be the main
headquarter for the central station controlling these Arab satellites. The
kingdom is the biggest founder and beneficiary from the services of this or-
ganization which will bear fruit in the field of communications as soon as
its foundation is completed, its projects implemented and its satellites
launched.

Direct Contact With Arab Countries
[Question] There are extremely important projects, such as the project for

direct contacts with the Arab countries and other countries. What are your
ministry's most important projects in this regard?

53



Key:

1. Moscow 26. Zyryanka 50. Bratsk

2. Arkhangel'sk 27. Palana 51. Kirensk

3. Syktyvkar 28. Ust'-Nera 52. Bodaybo

4. Murmansk 29. Magadan 53. Nizhneangarsk

5. Gremikha 30. Klyuchi 54. Irkutsk

6. Nar-yan-Mar 31. Petropavlovsk- 55. Kyakhta

7. Vorkuta Kamchatskiy 56. Ulan-Ude

8. Salekhard 32. Okhotsk 57. Chita

9. Nadym 33. Gur'yev 58. Krasnokamensk

10. Tazovskoye 34, Shevchenko 59. Aldan

11. Noril'sk 35. Nebit-Dag 60. Tyndinskiy

12. Uray 36. Ashkhabad 61. Zeya

13. Surgut 37. Dzhezkazgan 62. Nikolayevsk-na-Amure
14. Tura 38. Karaganda 63. Okha

15. Skovorodino 39. Priozersk 64. Aleksandrovsk-
16. Tiksi 40. Balkhash Sakhalinskiy

17. Batagay 41. Prunze 65. Poronaysk

18. Sangar 42, Alma-Ata 66. Tomari

19, Khandyga 43. Kyshtovka 67. Yuzhno-Kuril'sk
20. Yakutsk 44, Novosibirsk 68. Blagoveshchensk
21. Pevek 45. Kemerevo 69. Chegdomyn

22. Cherskiy 46. Abakan 70. Komsomol'sk-na~Amure
23. Bilibino 47. Kyzyl 71. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
24. Provideniya 48. Boguchany 72. Sovgavan'

25. Anadyr' 49. Krasnoyarsk 73. Khabarovsk

74, Vladivostok

In the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, in addition to 'Molniya-1' communication
satellites, 'Molniya-2' and 'Molniya-3' satellites with higher carrying
capacity were put into operation. They operate in the centimeter band.
These satellites became the backbone of the 'Intersputnik' international
communication system. The new communication satellite 'Raduga' used for
transmission was launched into circular equatorial orbit about 36,000 km
above the earth, its angular velocity being equal to the rotational speed

of the earth. A geostationary satellite of this kind will be stationary
relative to the observer on earth.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, telecasting will supposedly become
available practically to all the population of our country. The decisions
of the 25th CPSU Congress stipulate wider use of earth's satellites,
primarily to provide telecasting to Western and Eastern Siberia, as well

as telephone and telegraph communication with remote regions of the country.

On 26 October 1976, a telecasting satellite 'Ekran' was launched into orbit.
It represents an entirely new generation of repeater satellites. It ensures
the relaying of color and black-and-white programs of Central Television

to a network of ground communal antennas. Also, the receiving equipment

is a comparatively simple converter device.

57



The attached list indicates the name of the company, the nature of its
share holdings and the source of the technology proposed in the plan.

2. The appropriateness of the government policy in opening the poss-
ibility of participation in the market for two more companies (in addition
to Cobra--Brazilian Computers Inc of national capital and control), through
a type of competition among those interested can be seen because:

A. The proliferation of companies in the field is avoided and the danger
of predatory competition is eliminated;

B, The interest and the possibility of national businessmen entering the
field is obvious;

C, The possibility that other companies, including foreign companies, could
produce minicomputers in the country is maintained;

D, The various technological alternatives now existing will allow the
country a selection which is more adequate for the national interests
(mainly in terms of transference of technology).

3. CAPRE intends to analyze the plans and proposes to name the best by
the end of the year. It has already formed a permanent task force for
analyzing them which consists of persons from CAPRE (coordinator) of
DIGIBRAS and the National Patent Institute (INPI/.

4, In terms of requirements, the basic orientation will be selection of
the "two best plans," which means that the basic criterion will be the
intrinsic value of the plan, keeping in mind its technological adaptation,
its financial status, quality of the product, conditions of the transfer
of technology, ability to compete in the market (cost of production,
quality of the product, final price, technical assistance to the user and
so forth),

Under those circumstances, any plan regardless of who controls the capital,
has the chance of being selected.

5. The criteria described in Resolution No 5 of the Economic Development
Council £CDE7 (national control, better technological availability, sol-
vency in foreign credits, greater percentage of national manufacture, share
in the market) shall be observed and will weigh heavily in the final
decision, benefitting the plan which in addition to its intrinsic value,
adheres to them in a greater degree.

45



Photo 4.

Photo 5.

AA-NCU (D and P type)

CA20-NCU (D and P type)

16



BULGARIA

BULGARIA'S CONTRIBUTION TO STUDY OF RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
Sofia VECHERNI NOVINI in Bulgarian 3 Sep 77 p 6

{Article by Prof. Dr Kiril Serafimov, corresponding member of the Inter~

national Academy of Astronautics: “Space and Radio Forecasting -- Correc-
tion Made by Bulgarian Scientists; Our Achievements of Great Significance
for Study of Ionosphere; Research of High Scientific and Practical Value"]

[Text] Everyday a powerful radio transmitter broadcasts radiowave~
propagation forecasts for the next 24-hour period. Every month our special-
ized journals publish data on radiowave propagation and forecasts of future
short-wave communication conditions for monthly periods. For various needs
plans are in preparation for radio networks and a radio path for long-
range future time intervals. Thus in our country, too, use is made of data
on the circumterrestrial electrified space, the ionosphere, in order to
compile radiowave propagation forecasts.

The Geophysics Institute and the Central Space Research Laboratory of the
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences make such radio forecasts of various long-
range conditions -- from daily to yearly forecasts. In addition, inten-
sive research activity is conducted, the aim of which is to elevate
forecasting accuracy, encompass more, hitherto unforecast conditions in
the prediction process, and coordinate the obtained results dynamically
with newly arising practical needs.

The principal basis of our radio forecasts is the data obtained at two
vertical ionosphere sounding stations near Sofia and Michurin. In addition,
data from our ionospheric observatories at Sofia and Vitosha are used, as
well as information from the Zurich Solar Activity Observatory. Recently,
for specific cases (for example, for communications with space objects),
forecasting also includes data from ionospheric measurements by special-
ized Interkosmos-2, 8, 12 and 14 and 0GO-4 and 6 satellites. This modern-
izes and improves the bases of radio forecasts.

35



CONTENTS (Continued)
Briefs
Hunan, Kwangsi Broadcasting
VIETNAM

Briefs
Wired Broadcasts

EASTERN EUROPE
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Kurtovic Receives Cuban Press Agency Director General
(TANJUG, 21 Sep 77).ceceececceveececs

BULGARIA

Poor State of Telephone Equipment, Communications
Outlined
(Yana Konstantinova; POGLED, 25 Jul 77)..

Misuse of Telephones Criticized
(Kipra Dobreva; RABOITNICHESKO DELO, 8 Aug 77).....++0-

Bulgaria's Contribution To Study of Radio Communications
(Kiril Serafimov; VECHERNI NOVINI, 3 Sep 77)..

HUNGARY

Long Distance Telephone Network To Be Expanded
(NEPSZABADSAG, 28 Aug 77) ..sceecccecesccecceccccccccces

LATIN AMERICA
ARGENTINA

Construction Begins on Electronics Equipment Plant
(LA OPINION, 2 Sep 77)..

BRAZIL

Protectionism and Minicomputer Manufacturing Discussed
(Various sources, variouS dateS)...eecesseeescseencece

Maintenance of Protectionist Policy
Multinationals Have Little Chance
Criteria for Selection in Bidding

=-b-

Page

27

28

29

30

33

35

39

40

42



VIETNAM

BRIEFS

WIRED BROADCASTS--Since early this year, An Giang Province has consolidated
and built 80 wired radio stations with more than 300 loudspeakers in various
districts and villages. A network of loudspeakers has now been installed
in almost all cities and towns in the province and wired radio stations
have been set up in nearly all villages in major rice growing areas.

These wired radio stations have provided regular guidance for local peasants
in applying science and technology to agricultural production. [Hanoi
Domestic Service in Vietnamese 1300 GMT 19 Sep 77 BK] Tien Giang Province
has built a provincial wired radio station, four wired radio substations

in districts and 25 others in villages with more than 223 public loudspeakers.
The province is striving to improve the radio network at the district level
and set up more wired radio substations in villages and train professional
cadres to promptly serve people in the province. [Hanoi Domestic Service

in Vietnamese 1300 GMT 29 Sep 77 BK]

cso: 5500

28



Table 7. Electrical Specifications of the Interface between NCU and DTE
Items Specifications Remarks
iLoad impedance 3-7 Impressed voltage of 3 - 15V

Effective parallel

Below 1,100 PE

lcapacity

(Open circuit Below 2 V Positive or negative
oltage

Open circuit Below 25 V Positive or negative
current

Short circuit Below 0.5 A

current

Signaling voltage 5-15V Positive or negative

jtime

Switching transient

Within 1 ms

Maximum instantaneous
speed during switching

Below 30V/us

Positive or negative

(6) Timing: Timing pulses for the AA and CA20 NCU's are shown in Table 8.
Table 8. Specifications of Timing Pulses
Items Specifications Remarks
iPrepause Over 3 seconds
[Dial pulse DP 25 - 35 seconds | The elapsed time from start of
monitor failure PB 7 - 13 seconds | NCU to completion of transmit-

ting selective signaling
(only AA-NCU)

Response monitor

40 - 50 seconds

The elapsed time from trans-
mitting selective signals to
response by other party

Overall timing

Approximately
70 seconds

The elapsed time from start
of NCU to restoral
(only CA20-NCU)

Restoral time-out

period

Over 2.2 seconds|

13

For load inpedance of 3-7K



1. Sequence 1. Transmission operations

2. Closed loop

3. Transmit lst digit

4, Transmit 2nd digit

5. Transmit last digit

6. Receive EON

7. Response of other party

8. Completion of communication

9. Monitor for abandonment of dialing/timing start

10. Monitor for abandonment of dialing/timing stop

11. Response monitor/timing start

12. Response monitor/timing stop

13. Data being transmitted

14. For

15. For

16. Sequence 2. Receiving operations

17. Receiving response

18. Completion of communication

19. Call signal

20. Data being transmitted

21. Sequence 3. In-use indicator

22. CRZ/CML/MB key/

23. Calling signal detection/TEL key

24. Sequence 4, Transmitting/receiving collision

25. Receiving response

26. Detection for DC at time of calling signal or receiving

27. Remainder same as for receiving operations

28. Sequence 5. Call abandonment

29. Detection for wrong number, dialing abandonment time-over or response
monitoring time-over

30. Tc: Transmitting/receiving collision prevention, timing apprx. 320 ms

31. Tp: Pre-pause over 3 seconds

32. Tm: Minimum pause, apprx. 650/500/70 ms (10 PPS/20 PPS/PB)

33. Tr: Restoral time-out period, over 2.2 seconds

34. Tg: Prevention of erroneous detection in receiving, timing 85 ms

a. "Transmission Operations": Refer to sequence 1, "Transmission Operations,"
[Key #1] of Figure 3.

(1) DTE confirms whether PI is ON and PND, ACL, DSC and DLO are OFF.

(2) If above conditions are met, the DIE turns the CRQ to ON and actuates the
NCU. As soon as CRQ is ON, the NCU actuates the time monitoring circuit,
measures the timing until the EON mentioned in item (13) below is received,
and monitors for dialing abandonment. If, before receiving EON, should the
specified timing (30+5s/DP, 10+s/PB) elapse, the NCU will use the call aban-
doned indicator circuit to turn ACL to ON and indicate the time-over to the
DTE (refer to sequence 5, "Call Abandonment," [Key #28] of Figure 3).

19



Photo 1. "KANI" NCU

Photo 2.

MM-1 (MM-2) NCU (D type)

Photo 3. MA-NCU (P type)

15



INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

KURTOVIC RECEIVES CUBAN PRESS AGENCY DIRECTOR GENERAL
Belgrade TANJUG in English 1744 GMT 21 Sep 77 LD
["Pooi" item]

[Text] Belgrade, 21 Sep (TANJUG)--Todo Kurtovic, secretary in the Executive
Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (LCY), today received
Gustavo Robrenho, director general of the Cuban news agency PRENSA LATINA,
and had with him a cordial talk of some length on matters relating to
political,information and other relations between Cuba and Yugoslavia.
TANJUG's director general, Pero Ivacic, accompanied the Cuban news agency's
director general.

Cooperation between TANJUG and PRENSA LATINA, especially within the pool of
the news agencies of the nonlined countries, and preparations for the

6th conference of the nonalined countries' chiefs of state or government
to be held in Havana in 1979 were discussed on this occaSion.

Earlier, the Cuban news agency's director general, Robrenho, and his assistant,
Berauld Nieves, were received by Muhamed Berberovic, member of the Yugoslav
Government and chairman of the Federal Committee for Information.

The Cuban news agency PRENSA LATINA's director general also talked with
Yugoslav representatives on current preparations for the first conference

of the Nonalined Countries' Broadcasting Organizations to be held in
Sarajevo, central Yugoslavia, next month with Cuba participating.

cso: 5500

29



(5) Interface:
are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
Table 7.

10.

Table 4.

The control interface between the NCU and the MODEM or DTE
The electrical specifications are given in
[Table 6 is also given below since it is referred to in Table 5.]

General interface of NCU-MODEM

He

RR i Nou | Mop

eh)
td

(6) | SER

Ole

RRO7—LBIEH |

HT) DSC

(8)

HPOGELRI EE

Rt

ON: MFOEBL A | 2

OFF: MFSGEL
Thee

Bae | CML

(10)

ROU eae He

tS

ON: HmeENCUM
PDTERMA| 5
MORLS

OFF: G@zDTE
Bir BN CUBE
ADVELS

(12) |e mew] Cr

PES EL
LUPEBRTS
ON: NCUAS#IE
SEMBLE | 4
OFF: NCUIZOHH
EERE
then

(14) | atemmue] so

FGUROTSTO4
YITZ—-ARHTS | 7
EREWEFLS

E ARAL CY OSA IEEE
(16)

Interface name il.

Symbol

Direction

Functions

Pin number

Safety grounding

Frame grounding of apparatus (FG)

Completion of Contact (DSC)

Indicates the response of the

other party

ON: Other party has responded

OFF: Other party has not yet
responded 14.

Circuit connection control (CML) 15.

12.
13.

16.
10

Controls the switching/connection

of circuit

ON: Switches the circuit from NCU

to DTE

Switches the circuit from DTE

to NCU

Call indicator (CI)

Indicates whether the call signal

has been detected

ON: NCU has detected the call signal

OFF: NCU has not yet detected the
call signal

Signal grounding (SG)

With the exception of FG, provides the

fundamental electric potential for all

the other interfaces

NOTE: The small 9-pin connector pro-

vides the demarcation point

OFF:



USSR

REVIEW OF 'ORBITA' SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Moscow AVIATSIYA I KOSMONAVTIKA in Russian No 4, 1977 Inside Front Cover, p 40

[Text] The space telecommunication system 'Orbita' has been in operation in
the Soviet Union for almost 10 years. When it was commissioned in

October 1967, our press noted that the communication satellite, which can
"see" and beam on a third of the earth's surface, can become the only
required intermediate station for effecting communication between any two
however distant points, including the whole territory of our country....

It is when relaying to almost inaccessible regions, over natural obstacles--
oceans, mountains and the taiga--that the economic effect is especially great.

In the mid sixties, television had spread to the Baltic republics, the
Caucasus, the Crimea and beyond the Urals, but the televiewers in a number
of regions of Siberia, the Far East, the Central Asia and the Far North,
however, would have been still deprived of watching direct transmissions
from Moscow for years to come, were it not for the rapid development of
cosmonautics.

Take a look at the map. The first couple of dozen of ground stations for
receiving television signals from communication satellites were built in
Kemerovo, Magadan, Yakutsk, Yuzkno-Sakhalinsk and in other cities of
Siberia and the Far East. Now there are more than 70 of these stations.

Now tens of millions of people living in a vast territory thousands of
kilometers away from Moscow can watch daily the transmissions of the USSR
Central Television. The blue screens lit up in the homes of hunters of
the Koryakskiy National Okrug, Tyumen’ petroleum workers, Yakutiya diamond
miners, Sakhalin fishermen, and Chukotka trappers. The 'Orbita' system,
with its ability to reach the outermost regions, has justly earned the
gratitude of televiewers.

However, a modern long-range space radio-communication system is more than
just relaying the programs of Central Television. A space telecommunica-
tion line has a large number of channels for relaying telephone calls,

telegrams, teletype messages, photographs, including newspaper type pages.

55



INDIA

SAMACHAR DENIES SPLIT WITH NONALINED NEWS POOL
BK21141Y Hong Kong AFP in English 0818 GMT 21 Sep 77 BK

[Te +] New Delhi, Sept 21 (AFP)--A spokesman for the Indian news agency SAMACHAR today
denied a report that the agency had severed its links with the non-aligned news agencies
pool. The spokesman was commenting on a report in the English-language daily, INDIAN
EXPRESS, that SAMACHAR was no longer attached to the pool and that its service to other
members had been suspended since Tuesday. The paper also said that the Post and Telegraph
Department had cut the telex service of SAMACHAR because of non-payment of 800,000

rupees (about $98,000) in telex bills.

While admitting that the telex lines had been cut for non-payment of bills, the SAMACHAR
spokesman said the services would be restored on payment, expected in 2 or 3 days.

The non-aligned pool, under which 17 agencies from Europe, Africa, Asia and Latin america

are exchanging news, was set up in July last year at the non-aligned information ministers!
conference held here.

cso: 5500


LAOS

POSTAL -TELECOMMUNICATIONS DELEGATION ‘LEAVES FOR USSR, GDR

BKL91046Y Vientiane Domestic Service in Lao 0000 GMT 19 Sep TT BK

[Text] On the afternoon of 17 September a delegation of the Lao Ministry of Posts and
Telecommunications, headed by Khampheng Boupha, minister of posts and telecommunications,
left Vientiane for Moscow for a friendly visit to the USSR at the invitation of the
Communications Ministry of the USSR.

Seeing the delegation off at the Wattai Airport were directors amd deputy directors of
various departments and a large number of cadres of the Ministry of Posts and Tele-
communications, Soviet Charge d'affaires (Oleg Dusinin), amd GDR Ambassador Dieter
Jarck,

It was reported that following its visit to the USSR, the delegation will visit the
GDR at the invitation of the GDR Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications.

cso: 5500

25



GREECE

OTE PROMISES 'CLEAN' TELEPHONE CALLS
Atenss ELEVTHEROTYPIA in Greek 10 Aug 77 p 6

[Text] The government has definitely decided to use electronic technology
in the country's telecommunications. This means that we shall abandon
standard telephone calls and that we shall also leave behind:

--The present unacceptable situation in telephone connections, as, for
instance, unintentional overhearing of conversations, lengthy voids,
unnerving buzzing, etc.

Furthermore, electronic technology will ensure that:

--Requests for new telephone connections will be met to a very large extent,
since the OTE [Greek Telecommunications Organization] centers will acquire
an unlimited number of new lines.

A factory controlled by the state will be established in order to apply
electronic technology and will manufacture electronic telecommunications
materiel. Already, according to reliable sources:

--Premier Kon. Karamanlis has authorized the ministers of coordination,
finance and communications, as well as the ETVA [Hellenic Industrial
Development Bank] management, to initiate in common the planning for the
procedure through which the state factory will be established.

As a result, the procedure for an international solicitation to select
the electronic technology to be used in the new factory will start soon.

8980
cso: 5500 END

62



(3) Through the terminal equipment ready (ER) and the "AND" circuit of the
IC, the MODEM turns the circuit connection control (CML) to ON.

(4) With the CML on ON, the NCU activates the CML relay and through the CML
contact point, switches the circuit to Data Mode.

(5) With completion of data communication, the DTE turns the ER to MODEM
to OFF.

(6) With ER on OFF, the MODEM turns the CML to OFF.

(7) With CML on OFF, the NCU restores the CML relay and opens the direct |
current loop of the circuit. At the same time, after the restoral timing
of 2.2 seconds, the DLO is turned to OFF.

ce. "Other Functional Characteristics"

(1) In-use Indicator Circuit: During transmission, receiving, data communi-
cation, and operation of the MB electrical key or the TEL electrical key,
this apparatus shows the in-use indicator to the DTE and illuminates the BY
lamp of this equipment (refer to sequence 3, "In-use Indicator," [Key #21]
of Figure 3).

(2) Power Indicator: With the POW lamp, indicates that the power is coming
in. With the power monitor relay PI, power is automatically switched to the
auxiliary telephone. For external equipment, a monitoring circuit is set up
to enable monitoring of power with the contact loop disconnected. (ON, ON,
terminals).

(3) Switch to Test or Auxiliary Telephones: Through operation of the TEL
electrical key, the circuit can be switched to the telephones.

(4) Closing: To stop transmission operation from the DTE, this piece of
equipment can be closed by manipulating the MB electrical key.

(5) Changing Dial Pulse: Through order specification, the speed of trans-
mitter dial pulse can be changed to 10 PPS or 20 PPS.

d. "Differences from Type CA20"

The foregoing concerned the operations of AA-type NCU. In operational pro-
cedures for connections, the CA20 NCU differs from the AA type on the follow-

ing points.

Since there are 20 channels for the transmitting/receiving trunk (BWI) of
the circuit, but only 2 channels for the automatic calling unit (ACU), a
connector is needed between the BWI and ACU. This permits dual use of the
ACU and is an economy measure.

22



INTERNATIONAL

INTERCOSMOS COUNCIL CHAIRMAN INTERVIEWED ON SPACE COOPERATION
LD161858¥ Moscow TASS in English 1533 GMT 16 Sep 77 ID
["Socialist Countries" Cooperation in Space"--TASS headline]

[Text] Moscow, September 16 TASS-~The scope of the "Intercosmos" programme is widening
with every year. There were many important events in the recent times, chairman of the
"Intercosmos" Council, academician Boris Petrov, told a TASS correspondent.

Taking part in the "Intercosmos" programme are Bulgaria, Hungary, GDR, Cuba, the
Mongolian People's Republic, Poland, Romania, USSR, and Czechoslovakia. There were 16
launchings of "Intercosmos" satellites, and five high-altitude research rockets and
dozens of meteorological rockets were launched since 1969. Moreover, some Soviet craft
carried instruments created by scientists of other socialist countriese

The first automatic general-purpose orbital station was launched last year. This set
the beginning to the new stage in exploration on the "Intercosmos" programme. The
single telemetric system made for receiving information from "Intercosmos" satellites
on the territory of countries participating in the programme was tested successfully on
board the automatic general-purpose orbital station "Intercosmos"~15.

During last year's talks in Moscow, the delegations of the socialist countries accepted
the Soviet Union's proposal on participation of Bulgaria, Hungary, the GDR, Cuba,
Mongolia, Poland, Romania and Czechoslovakia in manned flights on board Soviet spaceships
and stations. The first group of candidates for cosmonauts from the GDR, Poland and
Czechoslovakia is trained in the Yuriy Gagarin cosmonauts! training center.

The Soviet Union is cooperating in space exploration with capitalist countries, too.
France was the first country with which the Soviet Union concluded an agreement on such
cooperation eleven years ago.

The first Indian earth's satellite "Aryabhata" was launched with the use of a Soviet
booster over two years ago. The Soviet-Swedish cooperation is developing successfully.

Of great importance was the first international USSR-USA joint space flight. The Soviet-

American agreements on joint work in space biology, medicine, meteorology, in the studies
of environment, the moon and planets are being successfully implemented.

cso: 5500



CONTENTS (Continued) Page

JAMAICA

Seaga Statement Scores Plan To Strangle Free Speech
(DAILY GLEANER, 7 Sep 77) ssssccccsccesccccesencececees 47

NEAR EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

SAUDI ARABIA
Expanding Communication Services Discussed by Minister
of Post
(‘Alawi Darwish Kayyal Interview; 'UKAZ, 4 Sep 77).... 49

USSR

Review of 'Orbita' Satellite Communication System
(AVIATSIYA I KOSMONAVITIKA, No 4, 1977). .ccccccccccccscccncece 55

WESTERN EUROPE

FRANCE
CIT-ALCATEL Telephone Sale to Egypt Noted
(LE MONDE, 8 Sep 77). .cccccccecccuccccceccseccscscsees 60
Briefs
Radio Broadcast Power Increase 61
GREECE

OTE Promises 'Clean' Telephone Calls
(ELEVIHEROTYPIA, 10 Aug 77)...ccccsccccccvcccccccescecs 62



il.

Table 5.

S|

General Explanation of NCU-DTE Interface

1272-2 Sa vos | Sm ed ee
4 «/© "| am eo [NoulpTe ® fe a
(7) [we mm wl FG 212 —— (8) Roz — nse 1
: (10 fsieeRUEDRRRS (ACU) (EL CERRO
i BERTS
(9) |e a HR) COR] — 200 7 ONTACULHLTMINEHnT ausoOMneeRTS | 4
H OFF! ACULHL THIBERTS
| (12)me (2e2acu) ofembemars
(11) | Matembaer | DLO 203 ONS RR (SEA CU) AHR THB 2
i OFF: Ge (222ACU) HAETHS
| C4) recesimomnemrts
(13) |k #3 BR] PND 210 se 1 ROR ATO EH EBERT S 5
H OFF: SEMMERAT SiRMATE TOTO
(15) [asin (2) [Dsi 206 Y (19) esanaaes ‘ 4
(ie) [eemeey [ps2 27 Sons som) (EON) £4 Hm 2s HC 7
eetie (2) [Ds 4 208 i eerie» 2H 16
(433 asim (2) [DSB 209 ! (CHENME ZUG OMA ERE DEB) 16
1 (QL) mutism cA SRL ERTS
(20) |#  & H)DPR a _ ON: & AMP Cbd 2
H OFF: FSM EMME THU
: HES EL Se eat
(22) |# ® % TI] Dsc 204 3 ON: BEOEELT 13
: OFF: MFATGBL TOs
J + (25) miienikoRee DTELMOeS
(24) |r im lace) — 205 A ON: ar aieif et: RAE LH 3
H OFF : PRS: MAIEEC TORE
i QT) Ncunwesamcaar ei oeat
(26) |e m x %] PI a3 + ON: NCU MME HATH S 6
H OFF ENCUMRMIAMTE
(28) |aemen| so om Q9 EQUINE SOL 2 972 — AIH MNTE 7
Interface name 12. Indicates the circuit (or ACU) is
Symbol in use
CCITT V24 circuit number ON: Circuit (or ACU) is busy
Direction OFF: Circuit (or ACU) is open
Functions 13. Next-digit-request (PND)
Pin number 14. Request DIE to send digit code
Safety Grounding (FG) 15. Digit code (2°) (@s 1)
Frame grounding of apparatus 16. Digid code (2,) (DS 2)
Call request (CQR) 17. Digit code (23) @s 4)
Request the automatic calling 18. Digit code (2) (DS 8)
unit (ACU to start call opera- 19. Indicates the digit code and ending
tions code number (EON) in binary codes of
ON: Directs restoral and re- 4 bits (refer to Table 6 for "Code of
quests start of call oper- Digits in Binary")
ations to ACU 20. Digit indicator (DPR)
OFF: Directs restoral to ACU 21. Indicates that digit code is being

Circuit-in-use indicator (DLO)

sent
ON: Digit code is being sent
OFF: Digit code is not being sent

[Key continued on following page]

11



INDIA

COMMITMENT TO NONALINED NEWS POOL REITERATED
Delhi ISI in English 1441 GMT 22 Sep 77 BK

[Text] India's commitment to the Nonalined News Agencies Pool was reiterated
by a spokesman of the Ministry of External Affairs in New Delhi 21 September.

Denying a local press report that India has severed its links with the pool,
the spokesman said "India is very much participating in it."

He said the government of India was now considering the nomination of its
representative on the coordinating committee of the pool in place of
Mohammed Yunus. A decision would be taken on this in the next few days.
The next meeting of the coordinating committee is likely to be held in
Jakarta some time in December this year or January next year, he said.

The spokesman also said that there was a proposal to set up a pool of broad-
casting organisations of the nonalined countries will be held in Sarajevo
in Yugoslavia next month. [sentence as received] Several working groups

are now working on the various aspects of the proposal. One of these groups
is now in session at Dubrovnik in Yugoslavia. India is preparing a paper
for the conference and is also helping in preparing other documents, the
spokesman said.

cso: 5500


6. "Operational procedures”

The operational procedures of the NCU's will be explained with the AA-type NCU

as the model. Refer to Figure 2 for the circuit diagram and Figure 3 for the
time chart.

() L Li co.
5 Wem!
: ; RETS|
® L2
f
(2) LAL Rem
Pes RO emi
Fl eal
ee) [ee
Boy i
{eel _ ee ET] | Re
Ss
Be gael? |e
2
“) aie
2 {| @
h Zamna FAI 25 (13
alec
& 4.
a? @C,
n Beene E
zm oR Dee Tieo)
(9 (14)
Sea MIeNES aor Ea: AC 100V
3
ACL Es z symcecaemaes CL1) (AA-NCU< >)
PI
17 (10) = a) aoe
RM GR
Sy iat BLS
. (12)

Figure 2. Circuit diagram of AA-type NCU

[Key on following page]

7



JPRS 69947

12 October 1977

TRANSLATIONS ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY,
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

No. 16

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A,

R
Approved for Public Release eproduced From

Distribution Unlimited | --«-«-«BeSt Available Copy

U. S. JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE
ee )

20000405 020



The director-general of Telettra of Italy, Dr Mario Zanfi, said that this is
one more demonstration of confidence in the future of Argentina,

For his part the secretary of communications, General Alberto Vicente .

Nieto, emphasized the great importance assumed by Telettra since the beginning
of its operations in 1946 in the field of communications on a worldwide scale

and said that its participation in the national communications program was

an auspicious sign.

After the blessing of the new factory, which was in charge of the bishop of
Zarate and Campana, Alfredo Mario Esposito Castro, the authorities and special
guests toured the installations and heard descriptions of the functioning

of the modern equipment.

9015
cso: 5500

4l



INDIA

SAMACHAR DENIES SPLIT WITH NONALINED NEWS POOL
BK21L14U1Y Hong Kong AFP in English 0818 GMT 21 Sep 77 BK

[Te-t] New Delhi, Sept 21 (AFP)--A spokesman for the Indian news agency SAMACHAR today
denied a report that the agency had severed its links with the non-aligned news agencies
pool. The spokesman was commenting on a report in the English-language daily, INDIAN
EXPRESS, that SAMACHAR was no longer attached to the pool and that its service to other
members had been suspended since Tuesday. The paper also said that the Post and Telegraph
Department had cut the telex service of SAMACHAR because of non-payment of 800,000

rupees (about $98,000) in telex bills.

While admitting that the telex lines had been cut for non-payment of bills, the SAMACHAR
spokesman said the services would be restored on payment, expected in 2 or 3 days.

The non-aligned pool, under which 17 agencies from Europe, Africa, Asia and Latin America

are exchanging news, was set up in July last year at the non-aligned information ministers!
conference held here.

cso: 5500


TELEPHONE CIRCUIT NETWORK CONTROL UNIT
Tokyo NIPPON DENKI GIHO in Japanese No 116, May 76 pp 69-76

{Article by: Kunji Maeda, assistant chief of Machinery Inspection Section,
Materials Bureau, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation (NIT)
(former researcher, Technology Bureau); Yoshio Bessho, chief of Communication
Network Section, Circuit Section, Planning Bureau, NIT (former member Tech-
nology Bureau); Tetsuo Kobayashi, member of 3rd Division, Switching Systems
Main Division, Switchboard Business Division, Nippon Electric Company, LTD.
(NEC) (formerly with Systems Technology Division); Akira Ichimura, member of
Systems Technology Division, Switchboard Business Division, NEC; and, Susumu
Enokito, member of Systems Technology Division, Switchboard Business
Division, NEC]

[Text] 1. "Gist"

The public telephone network has been released for data communications and it
has become possible to conduct data communication easily through the tele-
phone network. For conducting data communication through the telephone ex-
change network, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation (NIT) has
established technical standards to be followed, relative to interferences
with and controls needed for using the telephone network. NTT has also de-
veloped the device necessary for controlling the telephone exchange network
from the data terminal equipment (DTE). The device is the network control
unit (NCU) which is introduced herewith.

The technical standards for the interface between this NCU and the DTE and
for control procedures are in conformity with CCITT (Consultative Committee
on International Telegraph and Telephone) recommendations V24 and V25.

2. "Preface"

With the revision of the Public Telecommunications Law, the use of the public
network was liberalized and the subscribing telephone network was institution-—
alized for use in data communication (to be gradually carried out by central
offices as they begin to implement the "wide-area time-rated system,"
established 12 Nov 72). [Change in city call rate from no time limit to
charge by time, but calling areas expanded without rate increases.] In data

5



[Answer] Direct contact has become a necessity required by the importance
and the development of communications in societies. This is why the projects
to set up direct communications with the Arab countries and other countries
are important and necessary. We have already initiated direct communications
with Kuwait via the al-Dammam-Kuwait pivotal cable. The kingdom has also
been connected with Bahrain via the microwave network through which telephone
traffic is transferred to the fraternal and neighboring Gulf countries. As
for setting up this direct contact through pivotal marine cables, the studies
have again turned toward more economic solutions. It has become evident from
studies that the most convenient means for establishing direct communications
is through the use of the microwave networks. This is insofar as the Arab
countries are concerned. As for direct contacts with the European and
American countries, the matter requires, as I have already said, the conclu-
sion of bilateral agreements and technical preparations to insure implementa-
tion on a sound basis. A committee has been formed under the chairmanship of
his excellency the ministry's undersecretary for telephone affairs to go to
London in a few days to conclude a preparatory agreement for direct contacts
by participants from the kingdom.

8494
cso: 5500

54



Optimum Operating Frequency and Maximum Useable Frequency

Of special interest are the new results we have obtained in our country
in the area of forecasting regarding relations between so-called optimum
operating frequency andj maximum useable frequency. The latter is the
highest radio frequency (i.e., the shortest wave) that can be used along a
given radio path or in a desired radio network. But the use of this maxi-
mum frequency involves certain risks because of random variations of
ionospheric parameters. Heretofore it was assumed that ionospheric values
in their random variations conform to the so-called normal (Gaussian)
distribution. But a number of Bulgarian investigations prove that there
are significant deviations from the normal distribution. If this is true,
the best (optimum) radio~communication frequency is about 15 percent lower
than that most often used. Given deviations from the normal distribution,
the ratio between optimum and maximum frequency varies. The new changed
ratio was the object of our investigations. It was found that the rela-
tionship between optimum and maximum frequency has daily, seasonal and
sun-cycle variations. These variations have been studied in our country
on the basis of data from a number of European and Bulgarian ionospheric
stations, and dependences and corresponding formulas for determination of
optimum operating frequency under all kinds of conditions have been de-
rived.

It is especially interesting that, given high solar activity, the optimum
operating frequencies are not only 15-percent lower, but sometimes as much
as 2l-percent lower values than the maximum frequencies.

Correction of Radio Communication Conditions

As can be seen, this significantly corrects radio communication conditions
and creates opportunities for more accurate and dynamic allowance for the
ionosphere's real reflectivity

For further sharp improvement of radio forecasts and radio-path planning,
we must study the relations between the portion of the ionosphere probed by
the ionospheric stations and the higher unprobed ionosphere (which is in-
vestigated for the most part by satellite rockets). In this area our
specialists are striving, according to satellite and ground-based data, to
create fairly accurate ionospheric models, which will be the foundation

for a qualitative improvement of radio forecasting.

Satellite ionospheric data can be obtained by vertical sounding with fly-
ing, orbiting ionospheric stations or through measurements of electron and
ion concentrations at the point of the satellite's flight. Ionospheric
sounding by satellite now solves almost all applied problems, but it is
very expensive and therefore is employed on a very limited scale. Satel-
lite measurements of local electron and ion concentrations are more
practical, but give only individual points of the complex ionospheric struc-
ture. Since we conduct such satellite measurements, much work is under way

37



8. "Conclusions"

The outline of the network control unit was given above. With use of the
public telephone network liberalized, this apparatus can be used for various
types of data communications, facsimile, etc. In the diversifying field of
data communications of the future, it is expected to be widely used. In
conclusion, deep a~preciation is expressed to those who provided guidance
that made this unit one of practical use.

9. "Reference"

Yamato, Madake and four others--Network Control Unit--"SHISETSU" Vol 25,
No 3.

9134
cso: 5500

24



BRAZIL

PROTECTIONISM AND MINICOMPUTER MANUFACTURING DISCUSSED
Maintenance of Protectionist Policy
Rio de Janeiro JORNAL DO BRASIL in Portuguese 1 Sep 77 p 21

[Text] Brasilia--The president of the Brazilian Computer Corporation S.A.
{DIGIBRAS I and the executive secretary of the Electronic Data Processing !
Activities Coordinating Commission [CAPRE], Messers Wando Borges and

Ricardo Saur, respectively, in a deposition to the Commission on Science

and Technology of the Chamber of Deputies, that lasted almost 3 hours,

yesterday defended the maintenance "for a long time," of a policy of pro-

tection of the national computer industry, the only means they consider

practical for confronting the "dumping" capability of the multinationals

in that field,

"A careful analysis would show the pseudocompetitiveness of the market

if the government were to allow great international corporations to operate
side by side under conditions of laissez-faire with the small Brazilian
companies engaged in the effort of developing national technology," said
Ricardo Saur, for whom the support of Congress and public opinion to the
present policy of the government for the area of computers "minimizes

the danger of it being aborted."

Lack of Interest

The CAPRE executive secretary, who spoke after the testimony by Wando
Borges, said that when the commission was created and when the first studies
were developed by the Ministries of Planning and the Navy, identifying the
area of minicomputers as the most suitable for a national effort in the
field of data processing (1972/1973), "the multinationals installed here,
including IBM, the largest of them, declared themselves not interested

in participating in this effort, when consulted on the subject."

42



In transmission connection, as explained for AA type, a designated circuit,
or BWI, must be selected before transmitting the subscriber's number. The
CA20 NCU differs in that the BWI number is 2-digit (10-unit and l-unit num-
ber) and must be received from the DTE like the subscriber's number. When
the CA20 NCU receives the BWI number from the ACU, a connector is used be-
tween the ACU and the designated BWI. At this point, it is conceivable
that the designated BWI was just used for a prior connection and the line
has not been fully restored. Therefore, for type AA, a restoral timing
(approximately 4 seconds) was taken at the time of final restoral but for
type CA20, the timing istaken prior to the connection. After the restoral
timing, in order to activate the circuit, the "S" relay is actuated and the
exchange network loop is closed. Subsequent operational sequences are
practically the same as for AA-type NCU. One other point of difference is
that while for type AA, there is monitoring for dial abandonment, for type
CA20, the overall timing (approximately 70 seconds) is monitored from ACU
activation to restoral.

7. “Test Equipment for Telephone Circuit Network Control Unit"

This piece of equipment is used to test the functional operations of both

the AA and CA20 NCU's. As shown in Photo 6 below, it is a portable apparatus,
measuring 300 mm in height, 470 mm in width and 230 mm in depth. It weighs
approximately 20 kg. Operational parts of this apparatus include the circuit
converter, lamp and electrical key. By manipulating the circuit converter
and the electrical key, simulated connections of the DTE control interface,
etc. can be performed. The lamp can test network control and functional per-
formances of the subscribing telephone network.

Refer to Figure 1 for the interconnection system.

Photo 6. TEL-NCU TST-E (Testing Equipment)

23



FRANCE

BRIEFS

RADIO BROADCAST POWER INCREASE-~Beginning in October, the Radio Popular de
Bilbao, known as "la voix d'Euskadi" [the Voice of the Basques] by the
Basque nationalists, will increase its broadcast power so as to be heard
in Bordeaux. It will also broadcast a daily news program in French and in
Basque. [Text] [Paris LE POINT in French 26 Sep 77 p 67]

cso: 3100

61



INTER-ASIAN AFFAIRS

BRIEFS

MICROWAVE PROJECT--The construction of the India-Sri Lanka microwave project
is being expedited. India will provide modern equipment necessary for the
project worth around 30 million rupees, while Sri Lanka will spend nearly

20 million rupees for civil work, The project will provide Sri Lanka with
efficient and high capacity trunk circuit not only to India but also within
the country. [Colombo International Service in English 1045 GMT 19 Sep 77 BK]

cso: 5500


5.

"Functional Outline"

The functional characteristics of the various NCU's are given in Table 9.

The NCU's are shown in Photos 1 - 5.

Table 9. Comparison of Functions of NCU's
Type
Features KANT MM-1 MM-2 MA AA CA20
(am) (mm) (am) (am) (mm) (am)
Length | 170 225 225 225 120 450
Width 110 155 155 155 270 660
Height 80 234 234 234 380 1,300
Outward | Weight | Apprx. Apprx. Apprx. Apprx. | Apprx. Apprx.
lappearanc¢ 0.7 kg [1.6 kg 1.5 kg [1.4 kg | 9.5 kg 175 kg
Body Warm Warm Warm Warm
color Gray Gray Gray Gray Cream Blue
Type of Desk-top} Desk-top | Desk-top] Desk-top| Wall and/ | Upright
Installation (with or desk body
telephone'
(Interface 9-pin 9-pin 9-pin 9-pin
jconnector connector| connec- | connec- | connector
(DEM-9S) | tor tor (DEM-9S)
(DEM-9S)] (DEM-98)] 25-pin
connector
(DBM-
2580001)
[Power consumption 5 VA 4 VA 5 VA 30 VA
‘AC_100V)
lode offfransmittet Manual | Manual Manual |Manual | Manual
juse Receiver |Manual | Manual Manual |Manual | Automatic
Circuit
laccommodated 1 1 1 1 1
Supplemental Auxiliary] Auxiliary Auxiliary Test
telephone|telephongtelephong telephone
auto-dial| auto-dial] auto-dia]
(Center Transmits
downtime 1,650 Hz/
120 INT
Connecting data | Tele- KANT Tele- Data Data Electronic
terminals (com- | metry data ter-| metry terminal] terminal calculator
pany products) facsim- | minal facsim- | (100, 200] electronic
(examples) ile (50,100, | ile 1,200 calculator
200 baud) baud) (few cir-
cuits)

4



flexibility in handling the work. There is no doubt that the delegation of
these powers to the officials in charge in the cases permitted by the regu-
lations achieves the desired objective of making quick decisions and of
meeting the work requirements.

[Question] The postal services are currently engulfed by some vagueness.
This is evident in the deteriorating postal services and in the delay in
mail delivery. When, God willing, will best services be provided and is it
the intention of the ministry to use modern equipment to improve the postal
services?

No Delay in Mail Delivery

[Answer] Regarding the deteriorating postal services and the delay in mail
delivery in recent months, the matter was beyond the post's control and was
due to several inevitable factors, the most important probably being the
shortage of national manpower, the numerous vacancies in the job of mailmen
and mail sorters in particular and the inability of the service to handle
the big increase and the enormous flow of mail from all parts of the world.
Though the work continued day and night, the volume of the mail was still
much bigger than the effort exerted and this is why some mail accumulated
and why there was delay in its delivery. Neither I nor the postal service
succumbed to or were content with the situation. A quick solution had to

be found for the problem. The approval of the Civil Service Commission had
to be obtained to bring in contract workers for the job of mailmen and mail
sorters because it was not permitted at the time to bring in contract work-
ers to fill the vacant positions. In view of the need, the commission agreed
and contract workers were brought from the fraternal Egypt, Sudan and Jordan.
These workers arrived last month to make up for the shortage and to handle
the situation in the three major centers that constitute the main points for
receiving mail from abroad--namely Riyadh, Jiddah and al-Dammam, It has thus
been possible, God be praised, to control the situation and to eliminate the
delay.

I can now say on the basis of the reports I have and on the basis of my visits
to the work sites that the postal service has overcome the tribulation and has

risen above the problem. The phenomenon of delay in mail delivery has come to

an end, God be thanked, and I am no longer receiving complaints about delays.
I hope that with the efforts, alertness and cooperation of all the postal of-
ficials and workers, what has happened will not recur so that the interests
of the citizens may be safeguarded and the reputation of the postal service
and of its workers may be preserved.

Surprise Visits to Postal Centers
I have given my instructions to his excellency the post ts director general,

to the Inspection Directorate, to the provincial directors and to the postal
centers to follow up the progress of work constantly to make sure that the

mail is delivered as quickly as possible and that the post's plan of delivering

52



Photo Appendix

COPYRIGHT: "Aviatsiya i kosmonavtika," 1977

9091
cso: 5500



and ATTs-76 Gara Iskur. ATTs will be installed in new areas, as follows:
Studentsko Gradzhe and “Cherevena Zvezda,“ about 1800 sets mainly for
official communications, with an additional 15 coin operated sets, and
another 20 coin operated sets at the Druzhba railway district. Telephone
services in the Iliyantsi industrial zone will be improved with the
addition of another 400 telephone sets by the ATTs-38, and so on.

In the Seventh Five-Year Plan priority is being given to the development
of telephone communications in Sofia. A special program is being imple-
mented to this effect. It calls for the installation of capacities for
111,000 new telephone sets, as follows: Mladost.ATTs, 18,700; Lyulin ATTs,
18,700; Druzhba ATTs, 9,600, and an additional 6,000 telephone sets by

the Cherven Krust ATTs.

We should bear in mind, however, that time is necessary before major
changes have been made and felt by the citizens, mainly because of the
complexity of communications construction,

The management of the ministry is working on steadily upgrading the level
of services. It supervises strictly the observance of deadlines for
newly built capacities and for reaching the full capacity of existing
exchanges and stations.

5003
cso: 5500

32



BULGARIA

MISUSE OF TELEPHONES CRITICIZED
Sofia RABOTNICHESKO DELO in Bulgarian 8 Aug 77 p 2

{Article by Kipra Dobreva: “Rejoinder -- How Much is a Telephone Call
Worth?"]

[Text] How many different things do we mean when we say "time"?

The time in which we live, the era during which the years of our life pass
by. The time included in that segment of the day during which we labor
-- working time. The time during which we rest -~ our leisure time. We
say, “I have no time," and we do not understand how mistaken we are. We
say, “I have wasted time," and do not understand how right we are. A folk
Proverb teaches us, "Lost time is never found again."

Can we safeguard this priceless capital against all those useless things
that cram it with idleness and inanity? We should mention here first the
Phenomenon which has become common in our day -- overindulgence in words,
the most frightful time-killer. We Bulgarians are talkative people. Even
if the zero effect of the time-equivalent of words cannot always be
measured precisely, there is one area where idle talk is amenable to be-
ing reckoned . . . telephone calls.

In the developed countries of the world a local telephone call lasts an
average of two minutes; in our country they last six minutes. The figures
are quite eloquent, but we could make them even more telling . . . with
the help of arithmetic. If we assume that in a working day a person makes
five telephone calls, each of six instead of two minutes, the result is 20
minutes wasted in empty talk. Now to be sure, they are not always empty
talk. We may also call them unessential. But either way, they are super-
fluous: no more than two or three minutes are required for a business
call. Thus it follows that 100 minutes are wasted per week on the tele-
phone, or 85 hours during the working days of the year. ..

In 85 hours in our country about 7225 radio receivers, 5610 TV sets come

off the conveyor, nearly 1,615,000 meters of woolen fabrics are woven,
860,625 pairs of shoes are manufactured. . . But let us not overdo figures.

33



The acquisition of foreign-owned shares of RJR is not a point of contention with the opposi-
tion since this succeeds in bringing RJR into Jamaican ownership and the opposition Jamaica
Labour Party was the author of the policy of the Jamaicanisation of foreign interests
commencing 8 years ago.

What is totally unacceptable to the opposition is the running of RJR by a government -appointed
board, and no formula which provides for direct or indirect political control of RJR by any
political party will be acceptable to the opposition and should ever be acceptable to the
people of Jamaica.

The government must be required by the nation to move immediately to set up a national com-
mittee reflecting all interests which will work out within 30 days a formula for public owner-
ship and control of RJR which will completely prevent any direct or indirect pol. tical influ-
ence in the operation of the station.

If this is not done then the nation must be prepared to confront the government in a manner
which will positively demonstrate without any doubt whatsoever that freedom of speech in a
non-negotiable article of life in this country and on no account and by no means will the
nation accept government control of the free broadcasting medium and strangulation of the
free press.

A free RJR is vital to the survival of a free Jamaica. It is the ears of the multitude of
workers, farmers and all who comprise the great majority of this country who get their news
by radio rather than the press.

A government-controlled RJR will ensure that the miltitude of Jamaicans will hear only the
news which the government allows the people to hear, A government -controlled RJR will allow
a suitable climate of hostility to be created to effectively strangle the DAILY GLEANER, and

complete the demise of the half-strangled DAILY NEWS.

It is worth repeating here my warning of July 1975, that the result of these moves if the
people of Jamaica allow them to be implemented, is that the only news which will reach the
public is news which the government wants the people to hear or read. Under such circum-
stances no one will ever know of failures, mismanagement, corruption, dictatorship or brutal-
ity which may occur in the country.

Not even the most addicted supporter of the PNP could tolerate life in a country in which
death, corruption, brutality, mismanagement could be effectively hidden from the people,
pecause there would be no need for a government to fear or respect anyone if it had the
power to commit any act and successfully hide it from the people.

No opposition could function in such a society, whether it be political opposition or those
who voice their dislike of any act of government. Under such circumstances a political
party could entrench itself in power for all times by stifling the voice of all opposition
and by propagandising at will.

We have already seen the handiwork of the PNP government in this respect in malicious propa-
ganda exercises using parliament, JBC, and API, to understand that we are dealing with a
government which if given the chance will mercilessly control and shackle freedom of speech
to the point where it can vengefully deal with anyone and everyone who is not ingtotal
support of its policies, giving gruesome effect to the dictum of the PNP that if you

are not a supporter then you are an enemy.

Under such circumstances every Jamaican would be forced to revalue his future and the future
of the country and make desperate decisions in the interests of survival.

cso: 5500
48


(3) With the CRQ on ON position, the circuit-in-use indicator of the NCU
turns the DLO to ON and notifies the DIE (refer to sequence 3, "In-use In-
dicator," [Key #21] of Figure 3).

(4) Through the next-digit-request control circuit, the dial pulse trans-
mission control circuit turns the PND to ON.

(5) The DTE sends to the NCU, the first digit of the subscriber number to be
dialed in binary code of DS 1 - 8, and then, turns the DPR to ON. The code
of DS 1 - 8 and relation to digits are shown in Table 6.

(6) The transmission control circuit of the NCU actuates the "S" relay and
forms a loop of the circuit via the dial pulse transmitter control circuit.
Before the activation of the "S" relay, the transmitting/receiving collision
prevention circuit confirms that the circuit is not receiving (TCK relay on
"R" relay is operating). If it detects that the circuit is receiving during
this period (monitoring time is approximately 320 ms), the ACL is turned to

ON by the call abandoned indicator circuit (refer to sequence 4, "Transmitting/
receiving collision," [Key #24] of Figure 3).

(7) After closing of the loop, the transmission control circuit breaks (over
3 seconds). Then, the dial pulse transmitter control circuit, which had ear-
lier received the subscriber's number, converts the first digit of the number
to dial pulse through the dial pulse transmitter circuit and sends it into the
circuit. When the first digit is sent out, the PND is turned to OFF.

(8) When the PND is OFF, the DTE turns the DPR to OFF.

(9) When the DPR is turned to OFF, the NCU again turns the PND to ON and
requests the DTE for the next digit.

(10) When the PND is again turned ON, the DTE sends out the next digit in
the DS 1 - 8 code, and then, turns the DPR to ON.

(11) With the DPR on ON and the passing of dial pulses, the NCU completes
transmission by sending out these pulses to the circuit and turns the PND
to OFF.

(12) Subsequently, the NCU and DPR repeat the operations of aforementioned
(8), (9), (10) and (11).

(13) When the PND is ON and the sending of the subscriber's number is fully
completed, the DTE changes DS 4 and DS 8 to "1", indicates the symbol of the
final number (EON) and turns the DPR to ON. (From the time of the operation
described above in item (1) till now, the DTE has the terminal equipment
ready (ER) of the MODEM circuit turned to ON.) When the EON symbol is re-
ceived, the time monitoring circuit is actuated. The dial abandoned monitor-
ing timing which had started earlier is stopped and simultaneously, the re-
sponse monitor timing is started to await the response of the other party
through the "E" relay operation described in item (14) below. If, after re-

20



In respect to the post, postal services are being expanded and developed. A
project to establish three main postal centers in Riyadh, Jiddah and al-Damman,
which are the centers of weight insofar as these services are concerned, will
be shortly submitted for an international bid in order to handle the postal
services automatically and to surmount the problems of the shortage of labor
and to offer better and quicker services to the citizens.

Cooperation with Morocco

[Question] Your Excellency has visited the fraternal Morocco. Could you
please give us a clear idea about the most important results of this visit?

[Answer] I did actually pay an official visit to the fraternal Kingdom of
Morocco in the month of Rajab at the invitation of the Moroccan minister of
telecommunications. The most important results of this visit are probably
the strengthening of the relations of fraternity and friendship and bolster-
ing the bonds of cooperation between the two kingdoms and their peoples gen-
erally and between the telecommunications administrations of the two countries.
A joint statement was issued on the results by both sides. Moreover, [agree-
ment was reached on] the operation of a direct line between Morocco and the
Kingdom, on the exchange of expertise and on the formation of a joint Saudi-
Moroccan committee which will meet annually in Riyadh or Rabat to define the
work program.

Expansion of Telex

[Question] May I ask Your Excellency about your ministry's plan to spread
the use of the telex in all areas of the kingdom? When does Your Excellency
expect this coverage to be completed and what line capacity will the telex
[system] have when it is actually ready for operation?

[Answer] Automatic telex centrals have been set up in Riyadh, al-Dammam,
al-Khubar, Jiddah, al-Ta'if and Medina. Work to set up telex centrals in
Mecca and Yanbu' is about to be completed. We currently have 1,100 telex }
lines which will amount to 5,600 lines in 1398 of the hejira. The ministry j
seeks to increase the telex centrals so that they may be able to absorb |
15,000 lines by the end of the current development plan. Thus, this service
will spread in all parts of the kingdom, God willing, and will meet the needs
of all the citizens and of all the cities and villages, if necessary.

Decentralization of the Services

[Question] Does your ministry's plan provide for giving broad powers to the
undersecretaries and to the directors of the automatic telephone service in
the provinces and in the various cities of the kingdom and do you think that
these services will perform the required duties?

[Answer] The ministry adopts the system of decentralized services and this

is why it gives broad powers to the undersecretaries and to the provincial
directors of telephone, telegraph and postal services so as to achieve

51



FRANCE

CIT-ALCATEL TELEPHONE SALE TO EGYPT NOTED
Paris LE MONDE in French 8 Sep 77 p 32

 tnettrdbuted article: "CIT-ALCATEL Sells Two Complete Telephone Systems to
Egypt."

[Text] The French telecommunications equipment company CIT-ALCATEL (of the General
Electric Company group) has just obtained a contract in Egypt. It will deliver
two complete telephone systems for the Nile delta and the southern part of

Cairo, including notably four E10 "temporal" exchanges. They amount in all to
19,000 lines, with a possibility of extension to 60,000 lines.

This contract, valued at 55 million francs, was obtained at the end of a
consultation in which eight construction contractors had taken part. CiT-
ALCATEL had already supplied Egypt a few months previously with two small
"private" exchanges worth 35 million francs. To date, the company has delivered
a total of a dozen E10 exchanges, amounting to some 160,000 lines, according

to the "temporal" technique: Morocco, Malta, lvory Coast, Mauritius, Mexico,
North Yemen. License agreements for local manufacture have been signed with
Poland and Syria. Negotiations are in progress for the sale of E10 exchanges,
accompanied by possible sale of license, with Finland, South Africa, and
lebanon. Lastly, C1T-ALCATEL is participating in the Greek PTT's call for bids.

Compared to the fabulous contracts now being negotiated in Saudi Arabia, Iran,
and South America, this Egyptian contract may seem modest. However, it makes
it possible for CIT-ALCATEL and the French "temporal" network, developed, it
should be remembered, by the National Center for Telecommunications Research
(CNET), to score a point in the struggle being waged by major builders to
impose their products and their technology on the world market.

1219
CSO: 5500

60



JPRS 69947

12 October 1977

TRANSLATIONS ON. TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY,
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

No. 16
ConTENTS PAGE

INTERNATIONAL

Intercosmos Council Chairman Interviewed on Space Cooperation
(TASS, 16 Sep 77).cscccccccccccscccccccecessccessceseceeseees 1

ASIA
INTER-ASIAN AFFAIRS

Briefs
Microwave Project 2

INDIA

Commitment to Nonalined News Pool Reiterated
CIST, 22 Sep 77) .cccccceccccccccecceccceccccceccsceees 3

SAMACHAR Denies Split With Nonalined News Pool
(AFP, 21 Sep 77). cccecccccccccccccccecccscesscsececses 4

Telephone Circuit Network Control Unit
(Kunji Maeda, et al.; NIPPON DENKI GIHO, May 76)...... 5

LAOS

Postal-Telecommunications Delegation Leaves for USSR, GDR
(Vientiane Domestic Service, 19 Sep 77) .cecccecceceeee 25

PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Szechwan Develops Rural Broadcasting, Television
(Szechwan Provincial Service, 16 Sep 77) ..ccccceceeeve 26

-a- [III - INT - 140]



ARGENTINA

CONSTRUCTION BEGINS ON ELECTRONICS EQUIPMENT PLANT

Buenos Aires LA OPINION in Spanish 2 Sep 77 p XIV

[Text] In the presence of the secretary of state for communications, Brig
Gen Alberto Vicente Nieto (ret), the administrator general of ENTEL
[National Telecommunications Company], Brig Gen Eduardo Oscar Corrado, the
director of the Superior Technical School of the Army, Brig Gen Jorge
Horacio Croce, Italian Ambassador Dr Enrico Carrara and national, municipal
and business leaders, the first portion of the Telettra Argentina SAIC
factory [expansion unknown] was opened in Campana, Buenos Aires Province.
The factory is a foreign investment for the production of communications
equipment.

It is a model establishment which brings to the country the original technol-
ogy of Telettra of Italy, a company of the Fiat group, whose home office is
in Milan.

The investment program for the coming years amounts to approximately $2 million,
basically in an industrial plant of 8,600 square meters, of which 1,000

square meters have been fitted out with electronic equipment, initially for

the production of multiplex telephonic or frequency modulation equipment.

The multiplex equipment permits the simultaneous transmission of up to 960
voice channels (telephonic) by microwave in radio linkage systems. For
example, this equipment will be used for interurban telephone communications
through radio links between Buenos Aires-Rosario and Cordoba-Campo Duran.

Also planned is the production of PCM telephone mutiplex equipment, a new
technique that permits the transmission. of up to 30 channels (communications)
along a single pair of wires, that is, 30 simultaneous communications where
only one can be handled at present, without the need for installing additional
cables.

At the ceremony in Campana the president of Telettra Argentina, Juan Rossi,
pointed out the significance of the investment because of the incorporation
of advanced technology for the plans of ENTEL and for the large domestic
companies that require communications by means of radio links.

40



in our country to combine them successfully and rationally with information
from the ionospheric stations and with night~-sky luminescence measurements

in order to obtain the structure of the outermost ionosphere, which is not

probed from earth. Jonospheric models will thus be improved, and more ac-

curate data for radio forecasting will be obtained.

With these theoretical and experimental studies, our science is helping to
improve the quality of radio communications and radio traffic and at the
same time is participating in the world process of multifaceted and exten-
sive utilization of information about circumterrestrial space for prac-
tical purposes.

6474
cso: 5500

38



NOTES:

1. Depending on selective signals sent, there are: (D1) 10 PPS; (D2) 20
PPS; (P) PB signal use.

2. Depending on selective signals sent, there are: (D) DP signal use (10/
20 PPS dual use); (P) PB signal use.

3. "Mm", "A" and "C" used in designating types of NCU stand for "manual,"
"automatic" and "center," respectively.

The interconnection schematic chart between these NCU's, and the MODEM and
DTE, are shown in Figure 1.

(1) # * me # (2) & BRR (3) +> 7 WHE

(4) av a-
pre Mopem 22t-NCU

Fa AA/CA-NCU_ MODEM _DTE.
a--5 PD 4
ate l=
BEATS
TEL ‘wine
pre Mopem -MM/MALNCU
|_| PD SER
FHS 7®
(9) pre: PRARRE
DTE’ MODEM __AA/CA-NCU (10) MopeM: seaasaen
|_| eH | (11) pp: meReseat
(12) oy 4-NCU: ie ReeRIONER
AMR (13) MM/Ma-NCU: MMIZ d 3 61 MARANON
1 a0EB (14) AA/CA-NCU : AAR d 3 0 1d CAT BTS
(15) # MODEM, DTE(=ft 9 ACBSIEL2 RSI OUE TEAR
\ / BHEKT FE TAA/CA-NCUOBRAESIIE EER
#6) HRB.

Figure 1. Interconnection of data systems with NCU

KEY:

1. Data terminal equipment 14. AA/CA-NCU: AA- or CA-type NCU

2. Telephone switching network 15. NOTE: By connecting the telephone

3. Center equipment circuit NCU test equipment, in place of the

4. "RANI" NCU MODEM/DTE, the functional operations of the

5. Automatic transmitter/receiver control unit AA/CA-NCU can be tested.
6. NOTE

7. Automatic transmitter/receiver control unit

8. NOTE

9. DTE: Data terminal equipment
10. MODEM: Modulator-demodulator
11. PD: Circuit protective device
12. “KANI" NCU: "KANI"~type NCU
13. MM/MA-NCU: MM- or MA-type NCU



We now have several projects to achieve this objective:

First, the project to expand the current networks and to increase the number
of telephone lines. A total of 72,200 additional lines are being currently
installed in 23 towns throughout the kingdom. The expansion projects provide
for increasing the number of telephone lines in the kingdom by 470,000 lines
that are to be completed before the end of the current five-year plan. The
envelopes [containing the tenders] for this enormous expansion will be opened
on 27 September 1977, God willing.

Second, the mobile centrals project. We have concluded contracts providing
for the supply of 28 mobile centrals, each with a capacity of 1,000 lines.
The distinguishing feature of these centrals is that they can meet any urgent
demand in any place. They are like first aid and rescue units at emergency
times. In pilgrimage seasons, these centrals can have extremely important
effect in handling the constantly increasing [communications load] and in
meeting the pilgrims' urgent needs in the holy places and shrines.

Third, the artificial satellite stations project. We now have four artifi-
cial satellite stations and preparations are underway to build 10 satellite
stations in the kingdom. It is probably important for me here to point out
with pride what the kingdom, along with its Arab sisters, has achieved within
the framework of the Arab League in regard to setting up the Arab Space Com-
munications Organization and in selecting Riyadh as the headquarters of this
organization. The main control station of the organization's artificial
satellites is also in the kingdom.

Fourth, the most important project at present--after the pivotal cable proj—
ect which linked the cities in the western, central and eastern provinces
with each other through the automatic telephone system--is the project to
link all the kingdom's cities and villages with each other automatically
through the microwave project. This project will include 100 percent of
the kingdom's cities and 95 percent of its villages. It will be implemented
within 2.5 years and the first two connections between Riyadh and al-Qasim
and between Abha and al-Ta'if will be received and put into operation in 16
months. This project is important for developing communications in the king-
dom because it will enable 10,000 people to use the lines simultaneously,
without finding any of the lines busy.

With the completion of these projects, with the use of the latest equipment
and apparatuses and with the sincere efforts of the workers, better services
that are satisfactory to the citizens will be realized.

Fifth, we also have the project to expand and increase the telex lines so that
they may reach 5,600 lines by the end of 1398 of the hejira. The increase and
expansion will continue until the number of lines reaches 15,000 by the end of
the development plan.

50



Map

ion System

Orbit Satellite Communicat

56

[Key on following page]


(4) Specifications for the dial pulse and minimum break:

The dial pulse and

minimum break for the type AA and type CA20 NCU's are as shown in Table 3.

the high frequency is measur-
ed, there is over -23 dB.

To eliminate, means to provide
an attenuation of over -40

dB to the component frequency
(within + 1.5%).

Table 3. Specifications of Dials
Type Items Specifications Remarks
Average |10PPS 10 + 0.8PPS Measure with the
speed 20PPS 20 + 1.6PPS spark suppressor
o Average |10PPS 33 + 3% circuit removed
Iq | make 20PPS 33+ 3%
iz 4 rate
4g] Minimum [LOPPS Over 600 ms
ia a| break — |20PPS Over 450 ms
Aa
rate
Contact Point Below 0.5 2 Resistance between
Resistance terminals of two
contact springs
Signal 1. Low frequency 1. Measurement is to
Frequency 852 Hz +0.40 be carried out when
-0.50% digit "8" is trans-
2. High frequency mitted.
1336 Hz +0.40 2. Measurement will be|
-0.50% made at the 600 ter-
Signal level 1. Level of low frequency minals by providing
-9.5 + 2.0 dBm -48V DC through the
2 2. Level of high frequency telephone transmitter
g 8.5 + 2.0 dBm circuit.
2 | Signal 1. When 1209, 1336, 1477 Hz
a | Distortion are all eliminated and
s when the distortion level
gy of the low frequency is
& measured, there is over
g 23 dB.
a 2. When 697, 770, 852, 941Hz
3 are all eliminated and
3 the distortion level of
a

Minimum trans-
mission time
of signal

Over 50 ms

Signal cycle is 120ms

Minimum break

Over 30 ms

Must be over



BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA |! Report No. 2. 3, Recipient's Accession No.
SHEET eB JPRS 69947

4. Thle and Subtle 3. Report Date

TRANSLATIONS ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY, RESEARCH 12 October 1977
AND DEVELOPMENT, No. 16 6.

x]

> Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Repr.
‘ lo.

9. Performing Organization Name and Address
Joint Publications Research Service
1000 North Glebe Road

10. Project/Task/Work Unit No.

11. Contract/Grant No.
Arlington, Virginia 22201

12, Sponsoring Organization Name and Address 13: Type of Report & Period

‘overe
As above

14,

15, Supplementary Notes

16, Abstracts

This serial report contains translations from the world press and radio relating
to worldwide political, economic and technical developments in telecommunications,|
computers, and satellite communications. Coverage will be worldwide with focus

on France, Federal Republic of Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Japan, the USSR,
People's Republic of China, Sweden, and the Netherlands.

17. Key Words and Document Analysis. 17a. Descriptors

Worldwide
Computers
Satellite Communications

Electronics and Electrical Engineering
Telecommunications
Telemetry

17b. Identifiers /Open-Ended Terms

We. COSATI Field/Group Q9B, C, F, 17B, 22B

18. Availability Statement 1. Security Class (This 21. No. of Pages
Unlimited Availability epor 4 .
Sold by NTIS fro-ses ecurity Class (This 22. HE
Springfield, Virginia 22151 Peds CLASSIFIED LCAO A

FORM NTISSS REV) 37a

‘THIS FORM MAY BE REPRODUCED uscommne 1498272

|



Disturbances appear also as a result of breakdowns in the cables, sub-
standard construction and faults in the equipment produced by our industry.

In 1976 alone the construction and installation organizations broke
1,376 cables and put out of order some 30,000. telephone sets for periods
ranging from 3 to 15 days. The process is continuing.

The quality of the circuits using plastic cables is also not always on
the necessary level.

For the past 2 years the dialing and relay sets supplied by the radio-~
electronic industry have shown poor quality indicators, A large percentage
of them are either totally defective or unreliable.

Use and maintenance calls, and cadre turnover and level of skills also
influence the quality of telephone conversations, As we may see, this is
a question of an entire set of objective and subjective reasons which
affect the quality of telephone communications.

2. Could most office officials "help" automatic telephone counters?

The individual counters of every subscriber are sealed and all interference
is excluded. Therefore, the communications personnel cannot “assist" the
automated telephone counters.

In local calls the equipment counts as a call any number dialing regardless
of time. There are two ways for charging long-distance calls: person to
person with the assistance of the operator, and direct dialing in which
case they are recorded by individual counter of the subscriber.

The country is divided into four zones and the recording of telephone calls
along automatic dial lines is accomplished by the individual counters
through pulses fed each 12, 8, 6 and 5 seconds, depending on the zone of
the other subscriber. Thus, for example, if a subscriber in Sofia is
callinga subscriber in Varna or any other okrug center in zone 4,
immediately after contact has been made the individual counter of the
Sofia subscriber begins to record and send each 5 seconds one pulse. In
other words, it will record in 1 minute 12 local calls (chargeable units).
We consider groundless the complaints by citizens of padded number of
telephone calls. Suffice it to point out that in only 27 out of 286,000
subscribers in Sofia a wrong count was established as a result of faulty
individual counters.

3. What is the pleasing news for our readers for this year and the
Seventh Five-Year Plan?

This year about 30,000 telephone sets will be installed and opened and

about ‘17,000 will be distributed in the areas of the ATTs-44 [Direct Dial-
Exchange-44] “Oborishte," the ATTs-52 “Cherven Krust," ATTs<Ovcha Kupel,"

31



KEY (Figure 2):

| 1. Channels
2. Or, auxiliary telephone/testing telephone
3. Data terminal equipment, etc.
4. Level compensation circuit
5. Connection-completed indicator circuit
6. Next-digit-request control circuit
7. Dial pulse transmission control circuit
8. Circuit-in-use indicator
9. Transmission control circuit
10. Call abandoned indicator circuit
11. Time monitoring circuit
12. Transmitting/receiving collision prevention circuit
13. Dial pulse transmission circuit
14. Electric power circuit
15. Level compensation circuit
| 16. MODEM
|

17. Electric power monitor
18. MODEM
19. Safety grounding
7 qd) 7
1, 3 f& 8) fe
Qe (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
jen7 Lae BIE vere EONS(a sie SERT
/ zu Me nd f Fi
Te ——Tp—— —Tm— Tm --Tm— en — 1
(12) 7 fe y
i) \ [Da sesrveeens asvrag—+ 9p A Qnpsceis cee rat Nay REM 4 Ry 7Ab a7
CRO i naa 729-1
PND___f 1 Waaaanl
Dsi=8 maa 1. SSF
DPR. L LZ \ =
DSc.
co =
HMODEM
DSC. RD
CML. ————S
(16) (21) (24) (28)
2. at fit Bh fF nena) : 8) 3. HOH ea * 4. RATER (25) se Ed
BIE Paar (22) mtge BIC (29)
+4... PNET HI, 94
(19) tee 9 st Tr CREME RE Te (20 asim yy ar —<,
nites eo re oe aamonsnal | Lee" eR? 4

WB #4 Sy 7 85ms, —
Figure 3. Control sequence of AA-type NCU
[Key continued on following page]

18



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
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Indexes to this report (by keyword, author, personal names,
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1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.


The president of DIGIBRAS had revealed that the growth of the Brazilian
computer installations has only been exceeded by that of Japan and the
prospects of an average annual growth of between 20 and 30 percent up to
1980, permits one to foresee that by that date there will be more than
15,000 computer center installations in the country, "Brazil will begin
the decade of 1980 as one of the main world markets for data processing
and that explains all the activity today by the multinationals in their
attempts to participate more actively in this market," explained Ricardo
Saur,

Support

To a question by Deputy Getulio Dias (Brazilian Democratic Movement-

Rio Grande do Sul) on whether there is the danger that all of the govern-
ment policy on data processing could be changed, the CAPRE executive
secretary, as well as the president of DIGIBRAS, replied affirmatively,
"It is basic, therefore, that the mechanisms for the protection of
national industry remain for a long time until it acquires sufficient
maturity to confront the competition of the multinationals with great
competitive power and ability to practice 'dumping'," emphasized Wando
Borges,

Ricardo Saur then added that the support by Congress and public opinion
for this policy is basic for minimizing the danger that it will be aborted.
"This support does not depend on party lines and government decrees because
it is a matter of a national interest," he said,

The Rio Grande do Sul legislator then asked whether the decision by IBM
of halting production of data processing tapes in Campinas (Sao Paulo),
is not in the form of a reprisal because of the difficulties posed by the
Brazilian government to its entry into the minicomputer market,

Wando Borges said he believes that such decision is due to purely business
reasons but Ricardo Saur reported that deactivation of the IBM tape
activity--whose exports, according to him, were made almost internally,
that is, to its subsidiaries in other countries--is causing them to renege
on some contracts in the country, IBM is now facing difficulties in
importing them," he said,

Multinationals Have Little Chance
Brasilia CORREIO BRAZILIENSE in Portuguese 10 Sep 77 p 7

[ext] the multinational corporations which are bidding alone for one

of the two vacancies for the manufacture of minicomputers in Brazil, have
little chance of obtaining them, it was revealed yesterday in Brasilia
by a source of CAPRE. "It would be naive to believe that the government
would deliver the national minicomputer market to a foreign company
gratuitiously," indicated the informant. «

43



PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

SZECHHAN DEVELOPS RURAL BROADCASTING, TELEVISION
HK170435Y Chengtu Szechwan Provincial Service in Mandarin 2140 omT 16 Sep 77 HK

(Summary] _ Szechwan Province has scored new successes in developing broadcasting and
related scientific research. The rural broadcasting network is now basically complete,
with 460,000 production teams connected to the system and a total of 11 militon loud-
speakers installed.

Medium and short-wave broadcasting, television and frequency modulation broadcasting
have also developed greatly since the Cultural Revolution. There are now more than
10,000 television reception points in the urban and rural areas.

The province's 8 local broadcasting equipment factories now produce more than 20 products,
including large-screen projection television sets, precision television equipment,
amplifiers and so on,

Since the provincial CCP committee held a broadcast mobilization rally on science and
technology, the staff and workers on the province's broadcasting front have worked hard
to implement its spirit. Broadcasting bureaus throughout the province have strengthened
leadership over research work and the provincial Breadoasting Bureau has held two forums
to look inte the modernization of broadcasting. Broadcasting departments have now
summed up experiemces with more than 10 research projects, including the automation

of equipment in broadcasting stations, the use of methane gas to generate electricity
for broadcasting, the prevention of rust on broadcasting and television wires, long-
distance meteorological broadcasting wires, the use of bamboo as a substitute for re-
inforced concrete poles, projection television, reinforced concrete television frequency
modulation transmitting towers and measures to avoid lightming strikes on mountain
stations.

"Large-screen projection television is one of the major fruits of research in the
province's broadcasting industry. The use of large-screen projection television
receivers for watching programs collectively is not only a major measure for achieving
greater, faster, better amd more economical results im popularizing television broad-
casting, but is also effective for cultivating people's colleotivist ideology." With
the help of the Chinese Optics Research Center and other units, the Szechwan broad-
casting equipment plant hes overcome variovs difficulties such as shortages of raw
materials and achieved s now breakthrough in improving the quality of the Type-401
large-screen monochroue projection television receiver. It was highly evaluated at
the national symposiua om projection television held im Wuhsi in January. The screen
of this television set is 60 times larger than that of a 14-inch table model and can
be watched. by 1,000 people at one time,

cso: 5500
26



Interkosmos-12 artificial earth satellite. Op-
erating successfully on board is Bulgarian space
equipment, by which valuable scientific results
have been obtained by direct investigations of
structural parameters of ionospheric plasma.

36



ceiving the EON signal, the response of the other party cannot be detected
within 40 - 50 seconds, the call abandoned indicator circuit turns the ACL
to ON and indicates the time-over (refer to sequence 5, "Call Abandonment,"
[Key #28] of Figure 3).

(14) When the subscribing party receives the signal through the telephone
network and makes a response, the polarity of the channel reverses and this
puts the response detector "E" relay into operation. At this time, to indi-
cate to the MODEM that the connection has been completed, the DSC is turned
to ON.

(15) The MODEM takes the ER, which was earlier received from DTE, and the
logical product from the DSC of NCU, and turns the circuit connection control
(CML) to ON.

(16) With the CML on ON position, the NCU activates the CML relay and through
the CML contact point, switches the circuit to the MODEM.

(17) Through the CML relay operation, the connection-completed indicator
circuit turns the connection-completed DSC to ON and notifies the DTE.

(18) With the DSC on ON, the DTE turns the CRQ to OFF and completes the
calling operation.

(19) With the completion of data communication, the DTE turns the ER to
MODEM to OFF position.

(20) With the ER on OFF, the MODEM restores the CML relay and opens the
direct current loop of the circuit. Simultaneously, after the restoral
timing of 2.2 seconds, turns the DLO to OFF.

NOTE: When the ACL is ON, the DTE turns the CRQ to OFF to abandon transmit-
ting operations and stops the activation of MODEM circuit (refer to sequence
4, "Transmitting/Receiving Collision," [Key #24], and sequence 5, "Call
Abandonment," [Key #28] of Figure 3).

b. "Receiving Operations"

For this operation, refer to the time chart of sequence 2, "Receiving Opera-
tions," [Key #16] of Figure 3.

(1) When a signal is received from the telephone network, a call signal of
16 Hz comes through the circuit. Through the bridge circuit of the rectifier,
there is full-wave rectification and the receiver detection relay "R", which
operates with the calling signal current, keeps repeating the operations of
receiving and restoring.

(2) With the "R" relay in operation and through the contact point operation,
the level compensation circuit takes the "R" relay operational error pre-
vention timing (85 ms), after which the call indicator (CI) is sent to the
MODEM.

21



JAPAN

TELEPHONE CIRCUIT NETWORK CONTROL UNIT
Tokyo NIPPON DENKI GIHO in Japanese No 116, May 76 pp 69-76

{Article by: Kunji Maeda, assistant chief of Machinery Inspection Section,
Materials Bureau, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation (NTT)
(former researcher, Technology Bureau); Yoshio Bessho, chief of Communication
Network Section, Circuit Section, Planning Bureau, NIT (former member Tech-
nology Bureau); Tetsuo Kobayashi, member of 3rd Division, Switching Systems
Main Division, Switchboard Business Division, Nippon Electric Company, LTD.
(NEC) (formerly with Systems Technology Division); Akira Ichimura, member of
Systems Technology Division, Switchboard Business Division, NEC; and, Susumu
Enokito, member of Systems Technology Division, Switchboard Business
Division, NEC]

[Text] 1. "Gist"

The public telephone network has been released for data communications and it
has become possible to conduct data communication easily through the tele-
phone network. For conducting data communication through the telephone ex-
change network, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation (NIT) has
established technical standards to be followed, relative to interferences
with and controls needed for using the telephone network. NTT has also de-
veloped the device necessary for controlling the telephone exchange network
from the data terminal equipment (DTE). The device is the network control
unit (NCU) which is introduced herewith.

The technical standards for the interface between this NCU and the DTE and
for control procedures are in conformity with CCITT (Consultative Committee
on International Telegraph and Telephone) recommendations V24 and V25.

2. "Preface"

With the revision of the Public Telecommunications Law, the use of the public
network was liberalized and the subscribing telephone network was institution—
alized for use in data communication (to be gradually carried out by central
offices as they begin to implement the "wide-area time-rated system,"
established 12 Nov 72). [Change in city call rate from no time limit to
charge by time, but calling areas expanded without rate increases.] In data


The achievements of Soviet science and technology have opened the way for
transition from single-channel telecasting via 'Molniya' type communication
satellites to three-channel telecasting, which also makes ‘use of the
"Raduga' communication satellite.

With the introduction of the three-channel telecasting of 'Orbita' program
via satellites, the inhabitants of the Far East, Siberia, the Central Asian
republics, Kazakhstan and the Far North are able to see the first all-Union
program of Central Television at a more convenient time.

The 'Orbita-1' program is beamed to the areas of the country located in the
time zones which are 10, 9 and 8 hours ahead of Moscow time (Chukotka,
Kamchatka, Sakhalin and the Magadan Oblast).

The 'Orbita-2' program is relayed to the regions of Eastern Siberia and

the Far East which are 5, 6 and 7 hours ahead of Moscow time (the areas of
Primor'ye, the Khabarovskiy Kray, the Yakutskaya ASSR, the Amurskaya Oblast
and the Chitinskaya Oblast, the Buryatskaya ASSR, the Irkutskaya Oblast and
the eastern part of the Krasnoyarskiy Kray). And, finally, the ‘Orbita-3'
program is intended for the areas of Western Siberia, Altay, Kazakhstan and
the republics of Central Asia that are 4, 3 and 2 hours ahead of Moscow.

The first program of Central Television is relayed in full via each of these
satellites.

The fourth program of Central Television is telecast from 1900 hours Moscow
time to the televiewers in the areas of Western Siberia, Kazakhstan and the
Central Asian republics living in the zone of 'Orbita' receiver stations,
as well as in the northern regions of the European part of the country.

The program is available to people living in Arkhangel'sk, Murmansk,
Vorkuta, Syktyvkar, Ashkhabad, Surgut, Karaganda, Frunze and Alma-Ata.

The 'Orbita' system will continue to be developed and improved. In the
field of television, the plan for the Tenth Five-Year Plan calls for further
widening of the stable reception zone, a considerable increase in the number
of regions relaying two-program and color television and improved operation
of relaying equipment. Twenty new ‘orbita' stations are earmarked for cone
struction, first of all to provide television to a number of regions in
Western and Eastern Siberia, as well as in the Far North.

58



Next Tuesday, CAPRE President Elcio Costa Cauto will hold a meeting with
the other representatives of the organization for a preliminary examination
of the 16 plans presented. "However," according to the source, "some of
the plans are so incomplete that they will not withstand that preliminary
examination," One thing is definitively certain, according to the federal
official: the plans which do not foresee research activity in the area of
minicomputers will be automatically eliminated,

Own Technology

The reason for this is that it is the government's intention that if two
national companies are selected, they will contract for foreign technology
only once, then going on to develop their equipment with their own tech-
nology. The member of CAPRE cites the case of COBRA, the state company
in the field, as an example to be followed by the other companies that may
be selected, The contract for providing technology which it has with the
Japanese corporation Saiko, will not be renewed because Cobra became
skilled in developing similar equipment in its laboratories.

The statements made by the CAPRE informant give to understand that the
best plans with the greatest chances of being selected are those of Maico
(a partnership of the Noguiera Garcez Group with the Basic Four) and that
of Edisa (a partnership of small and medium Rio Grande do Sul companies
with participation of the state government), which in addition to capital,
have the conditions for developing their own technology.

"However," said the CAPRE informant, "we are going to make "on the spot"
examinations of all the statements made in the plans to check on the
veracity of the information provided. One of the plans, which will be
carefully examined, will be the one presented by Hidroservice in partner-
ship with J.C. Mello, which reports that it has already developed a com-
pletely national technology in the manufacture of minicomputers."

Criteria For Selection in Bidding
Rio de Janeiro O GLOBO in Portuguese 14 Sep 77 p 22

[Text]Brasilia (O GLOBO)--"Any plan, regardless of who controls the
capital, has the chance of being selected," This is one of the points of
the official note published yesterday by the president of CAPRE, Elcio
Costa Couto, after the meeting for the first analysis of the 16 plans
competing for the two vacancies opened by the government for the manufac-
ture of minicomputers in the country,

Note

This is the text of the CAPRE official note:

1. As it was already revealed last Thursday, 8 September, in response
to the invitation made by the government through CAPRE, 16 companies

interested in manufacturing minicomputers in the country presented plans,

4h



Plans presented to CAPRE on 08/09/77 for the manufacturing of minicom-
puters:

Foreign Companies Source of Technology

Hewlett Packard : Mother Company
Olivetti " "
Four Phase " "
NCR " "
Burroughs " "
IBM " "
TRW " "

Partnerships

Maico Ltd--Foreign minority partner (Basic Four).
National Companies

Protondata/ISDRA--Purchase contract (Philips).
Sharp/Inepar/Dataserv--Purchase contract (Logabax).
Edisa S,A,--Purchase contract (Fujitsu).

Elebra S,A,--Purchase contract (Honeywell--CI1).
Ifema S.A,--Own development,

Hidroservice/J,C, Mello--Own development.

Docas de Santos--Purchase contract (NEC).

Labo Eletronica Ltda--Purchase contract (Nixdorf).

8908
CSO: 5500

46



In the interfaces with the MODEM and DIE, CCITT recommendations V24 were
followed where interfaces were specified and for those not specified, the
simplest possible interface was devised. CCITT recommendation V25 was also
followed for connection and control procedures.

Also, the NCU's have a built-in protective device (PD), which is needed in
protecting the telephone facilities during data communication.

4. "Specifications"
a. "Operational Range"
The operational range is shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Operational Range

Item Operational Remarks
range
Commercial power 100 + 10 V
voltage and
35 | cycles 50 Hz or 60 Hz
B
IDC loop |A, H type center | Below 1000 Includes Cy cy type
center ?
i ‘Imped— IC, D type center | Below 15001
as jance
‘Insulation Impedance Below(?) 40KM
° [Temperature 5 - 35°C
uy
eB
Hood
a Humidity (relative humi- 45 - 85%
5 § laity)
Be
b. “Electrical Specifications"

(1) Where 600-type telephone equipment/parts are used, specifications appli-
cable to them will be used.

(2) Transmission attenuation level: The transmission attenuation level of
this unit's data communication channel will be measured under the condition
that the PD has been short-circuited and the signal frequency will be below
1.5 dB at 300 Hz and below 0.5 dB at 1500 Hz.

(3) Crosstalk attenuation level: As for the crosstalk attenuation level of
the CA20 NCU, the signal frequency must be over [-] 75 dB at 1500 Hz, with
the CA20-use 2-channel transmitting/receiving trunk line mounted.