AGENDA DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKSHOP ON TEST PROCEDURES FOR DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS February 10, 1998 Purpose of Workshop The purpose of the workshop is to discuss the draft test procedure for distribution transformers and the issues surrounding it. The Department will consider the viewspresentedand the comments submitted in, formulating its proposed rule for distribution transformer test procedures. 9:00-9:10 OPENING REMARKS AND INTRODUCTIONS 9:10 - 9:25 OVERVIEW OF THE RULEMAKING PROCESS 9:25 - 9:35 AGENDA REVIEW

TOPICS 9:35 - 10:20 Adoption (incorporation by reference) of national and international

consensus standards in the test procedures for determining energy efficiency of distribution transformers: ANSI C57.12.90-1993, "IEEE Standards Test Code for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power and Regulating Transformers and IEEE Guide for Short Circuit Testing of Distribution and Power Transformers" ANSI C57.12.91-1995, "IEEE Standard Test Code for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers." ANSI C57.12.00-1993, "IEEE Standard General requirements for Liquid -Immersed Distribution, Power and Regulating Transformers" ® ANSI C57.12. 01-1989, "IEEE Standard General Requirements for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers, Including Those with Solid Cast and/or Resin

-Encapsulated Windings" NEMA TP 1-1996, "Guide for Determining Energy Efficiency for Distribution Transformers" A single clause, 4.11.1, from ISO Standard 9001-1993, "Quality Systems - Model for quality assurance in design, development, production, installation, and servicing" IEEE PC57.123, "Draft Guide for Transformer Loss Measurement" 

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AGENDA DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKSHOP ON TESTPROCEDURES FORDISTRffiUTION TRANSFORMERS .February 10,1998 Purpose ofWorkshop Thepurpose of the workshop is todiscuss the draft testprocedure for distribution transformers

### andthe issuessurrounding 

### it. The Department willconsider the viewspresentedandthe comments submittedinformulatingitsproposedrule for distribution transformer testprocedures. 9:00

- 9: 10 

### OPENING REMARKS AND INTRODUCTIONS 9: 10

- 9:25 OVERVIEW OFTHE RULEMAKING PROCESS 9:25

- 9:35 

### AGENDA REVIEW TOPICS 9:35

- 10:20 

### Adoption (incorporation by reference) ofnational and international consensus standards in thetest procedures for determining energy efficiency ofdistribution transformers: ANSI CS7. 12.90-1993, "IEEE Standards Test Code for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power and Regulating Transformers and IEEE Guide for Short Circuit Testing of Distribution and Power TransfQrmers"
. ANSI CS7.12.91-1995, "IEEE Standard Test Codefor Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers." ANSI CS7.12.00-1993, "IEEE Standard General requirements for Liquid -Immersed Distribution, Power and Regulating Transformers"

,

.. ANSI CS7.12.01-1989, "IEEE Standard General Requirements for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers, Including Those with Solid Cast and/or Resin-Encapsulated Windings"


### • NEMA TP 1-1996, "Guide for Determining Energy Efficiency for Distribution Transformers" 

### A single clause, 4. 11.1, from ISO Standard 900

### i-1993, "Quality Systems

- Model for quality assurance in design, development, production, installation, and servicing" IEEE PC57. 123, "Draft Guide for TransformerLoss Measurement"Questions and Request for Comments

(1) Are these consensus standards appropriate for referencing in the DOE-required test practice? (2) Is the clause-by-clause referencing of ANSI standards in draft 5 of "Test Procedure for Distribution Transformers," pp. 16 - 20, too detailed? Should such referencing,be abbreviated by referencing only the appropriate sections in the two test codes-those describing dc resistance, no-load loss, and load loss measurements---and by alluding to the specific clauses where exceptions-are made? (3) Should additional relevant standards now in preparation and approval stages, such as IEEE PC57.123/D1.1 "Draft Guide for Transformer Loss Measurement" and NEMA TP-2 be considered as additional or alternative references? Will such standards add to the knowledge base of the already existing consensus standards and enhance the user convenience? 10:20 - 10 :30 Break 10:30 - 11:00 Definition of "basic model" for distribution transformers. DOE is considering the following definition for "basic model" regarding transformers: "Basic model means all units of a given type of covered equipment (or class thereof) manufactured by a single manufacturer and, with respect to distribution transformers, which have the same rating, have electrical characteristics that are essentially identical, and do not have any differing physical or electrical characteristics which affect energy consumption or efficiency." Questions and Request for Comments (1) In view of such a definition for a "basic model," do you anticipate significant difficulties in grouping your products into basic models? (2) For those manufacturers having only a few items per model, would it be possible to combine a number of models into families of basic models, e.g., grouping many actual production models of the same nominal kVA rating in one family of models? (3) Would it be possible to combine similar manufacturing models, e.g., having the same nominal kVA rating, in one "basic model" by using normalized loss data? 11:007 12:00 Sampling plan for units to be tested. At this time DOE is considering one of two sampling plans for compliance testing: 1) The plan described in §430,23, using the lower 95 percent confidence limit, but without specifying the minimum number of units in the sample (A minimum of two units is implicitly required to estimate the confidence limit.) The "K" factor, based on the six percent loss tolerance specified in ANSI C57.12.00 and C57.12.01, is selected to be 0.999. Questions and Request for Comments (1) Are these consensus standards appropriate for referencing in the DOE-required test practice? (2) Is the clause-by-clause referencing ofANSI standards in draft 5 of"Test Procedure for Distribution Transformers," pp. 16

- 20, too detailed? Should such referencing,be abbreviated by referencing only the appropriate sections in thetwo test codes-those describing dc resistance, no-load loss, and load loss measurements-(ind by alluding to the specific clauses where exceptions.are made? (3) Should additional relevant standards now in preparation and approval stages, such as IEEE PCS7.1231D1.1 "Draft Guide for Transformer Loss Measurement" and
. NEMA TP-2 be considered as additional or alternative references? .Will such standards add to the knowledge base ofthe already existing consensus standards and enhance the user convenience? 10:20

- 10:30 Break 10:30

- 11 :00 Definition of"basic model" for distribution transformers. DOE is considering the following definition for "basic model" regarding transformers: "B.asic model means all units ofa given type ofcovered equipment (or class thereof)

.manufactured by a single manufacturer and, with respect to distribution transformers, which have the same rating, have electrical characteristics that are essentially identical, and do not have any differing physical orelectrical characteristics which affect energy consumption or efficiency." Questions and Request for Comments (I) In view ofsuch a definition for a "basic model," do you anticipate significant difficulties in grouping your products into basic models? (2) Forthose manufacturers having only a few items per model, would it be possible to combine a number ofmode is into families ofbasic models, e.g., grouping many actual production models ofthe same nominal kVA rating in one family ofmodels? (3) Would it be possible to combine similar**m~nufacturing** models, e.g., having the same. nominal kVA rating, in one "basic model" by using normalized loss**dat~?**

. 11 :00- 12:00 

### Sampling plan for units to be 

### tested. At this time DOE is considering one oftwo sampling plans for compliancetesting:

, / 1) The plan described in §430.23, using the lower 95 percent confidence limit, but without

. specifying the minimum number ofuruts in the sample (Aminimum oftwo units is implicitly

required to estimate the confidence limit.) The "K" factor, based onthe six percent loss tolerance specified in ANSI CS7.12.00 and CS7.12.01, is selected to be 0.999. '2) A modified version of the proposed sampling plan for enforcement testing of motors as

outlined in 61 FR 60474 - 60475, Appendix B to Subpart G of Part 431, "Sampling Plan for Enforcement Testing," is considered for compliance testing of distribution transformers. The considered modification consists of replacing the factor (120 - 0.2 SFE)/SFE(20 - 0.2 SFE) in equation (5) by the new factor (106 - 0.06 SFE)/SFE(6 - 0.06 SFE). This plan yields a 90 percent probability of obtaining a determination of compliance when the true mean is equal to the standard. For enforcement testing, DOE is considering a plan similar to 2) above but changing the probability of determination of compliance from the 10th percentile to the 2.5th percentile. Questions and Request for Comments (1) Please provide comments on the two sampling plans DOE is considering for compliance testing. (2) Please describe other approaches you believe DOE should consider. 12:00 - 1:00 Lunch (on your own)
1:00 - 1:45 Selection of a measure of energy consumption for distribution transformers. Questions and Request for Comments 

### (1) Are there any strong reasons why efficiency should not be used? (2) Should other measures of energy consumption be considered: e.g., loss power normalized relative to output kVA, either on per unit basis or percentage basis? (3) Is reporting of efficiency and losses at reduced loading levels appropriate for an energy conservation standard?
1:45 - 2:20 Burden imposed on industry, especially small manufacturers, by additional

testing and data processing 

### Questions and Request for Comments (1) What specific requirements in the NIST draft test procedure are causing concern about significant additional burden imposed by testing requirements? Please cite difficulties anticipated.
2:20 - 2: 30 Break --- '--- - --, '-'------



### 2) A modified version ofthe proposed sampling plan for enforcement testing ofmotors as outlined in 61 FR 60474

- 60475, Appendix B to Subpart G ofPart 431, "Sampling Plan for Enforcement Testing," is considered for compliance testing ofdistribution transformers. The considered modification consists ofreplacing the factor (120

- 0.2 SFE)lSFE(20

- 0.2 SFE) in equation (5) by the new factor (106

- 0.06 SFE)/SFE(6 - 

### 0.06 SFE). This plan yields a 90 percent probability ofobtaining a determination ofcompliance when the true mean is equal to the , standard. Forenforcement testing, DOE 

### is considering a plan similar to 2) above but changing the probability ofdetermination ofcompliance from the 10th percentile to the 2.5th percentile. Questions and Request for Comments (1) 

### Please provide comments on the two sampling plans DOE

### is considering for compliance testing. (2) Please describe other approaches you believe DOE 

### should consider.
12:00 - 1:00 Lunch (on your own)

I 1

### :00

- 1:45 Selection ofa measure ofenergy consumption for distribution transformers. Questions and Request for Comments (1) Are there any strong reasons why efficiency should not be used? (2) Should other measures ofenergy consumption be considered: e.g., loss power normalized relative to output k V A, either on perunit basis orpercentage basis? (3) Is reporting ofefficiency and losses at reduced loading levels appropriate for an energy conservation standard?
1:45

- 2:20 Burden imposed on industry, especially small manufacturers, by additional testing and data processing Questions and Request for Comments

- (1) What specific requirements in the'NIST draft test procedure ate causing concern about significant additional burden imposed by testing requirements? Please cite difficulties anticipated.
2:20

- 2:30 Break2:30 - 3:00 Selection of reference temperatures -- the reference temperatures in consensus standards lack uniformity. Questions and Request for Comments Please provide comments, especially if there are in your view strong reasons for or against the following modifications in reference temperatures from the values established in ANSI Standards C57.12.00 and C57.12.01: (1) Specifying reference temperature of 20°C for no-load losses of dry-type transformers (also required by TP 1). (2) Specifying a single reference temperature of 75°C for load losses of dry-type transformers having all five insulation classes and two loading levels (also required by TP 1), in effect 10 temperature rise conditions are approximated by one: Calculation of the actual temperature rises indicates that for four conditions the reference temperature rise is underestimated (the actual temperature will be higher than 75°C), for five it is overestimated, and for one the calculated temperature is 75°C. (3) Specifying a reference temperature of 55°C for load losses ©f liquid-immersed transformers at 50% load.
3:00 - 3: 30 Requirement for applying corrections to measurement data of both liquidimmersed and dry-type types of transformers. Questions and Request for Comments(1) Are there concerns about applying corrections, if required, to measurement data of drytype transformers as is already done for liquid immersed transformers?
3:30 - 4: 00 Requirement for quality assurance in testing. Questions and Request for Comments (1) Are there concerns about applying measurement accuracy requirements to dry-type transformers, as is now done for liquid-immersed transformers, and about including a clause for guidance from ISO 9001-1993 on measurement quality assurance procedures?
4:00 - 4:30 NEXT STEPS & CLOSING REMARKS 4:30 ADJOURNMENT 2:30

- 3:00 Selection ofreference temperatures
-- the reference temperatures in consensus standards lack uniformity. Questions and Request for Comments Please provide comments, especially ifthere are in your view strong reasons for or against the following modifications in reference temperatures from the values established in ANSI Standards CS7.12.00 and C57.12.01: (1) SpecifYing reference temperature of20°C for no-load losses ofdry-typetransformers (also required by TP 1). (2) SpecifYing a single reference temperature of7SoC for load losses ofdry-type transformers having all five insulation classes and two loading levels (also required by TP 1), in effect 10 temperature rise conditions are approximated by one: Calculation ofthe actual temperature rises indicates that for four conditions the reference temperature rise is underestimated (the actual temperature will be higher than 75°C), for five it is overestimated. and for one the calculated temperature is 75°C. (3) SpecifYing a reference temperature of55°C for load losses Qfliquid-immersed transformers at 50% load.
3:00

- 3:30 Requirement for applyingcorrections to measurementdata ofboth liquidimmersed and dry-type**typ~s** oftransformers. Questions and Request for Comments
. (1) Arethere concerns about applying corrections, ifrequired, to measurement data ofdrytype transformers as is already done for liquid immersed**transforme~s?** 3:30

- 4:00' Requirement for quality assurance in testing. Questions and Request for Comments (1) Arethere concerns about applying measurement accuracyrequirements to dry-type transformers, as 

### is now done for liquid-irrimersed transformers, and about including

# a clause for guidance from ISO 9001-1993 on measurement quality assurance procedures?
4:00

- 4:30 NEXT STEPS & CLOSING REMARKS 4:30
. ADJOURNMENT