Calendar No. 367

103D CONGRESS

2D SESSION S. RES. 94

RESOLUTION

Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to

the tragic humanitarian crisis in Sudan.

FEBRUARY 9 (legislative day, JANUARY 25), 1994

Reported without amendment and with an amendment to

the preamble
III

Calendar No. 367

103D CONGRESS

2D SESSION S. RES. 94

Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to the tragic humanitarian

crisis in Sudan.

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

APRIL 3 (legislative day, MARCH 3), 1993

Mr. SIMON (for himself, Mrs. KASSEBAUM, Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. FEINGOLD,

Mr. HELMS, Mr. KENNEDY, Mr. PELL, Mr. LEAHY, Mr. KOHL, Ms.

MOSELEY-BRAUN, Mr. DURENBERGER, Mr. FORD, Mr. DASCHLE, Mr.

WOFFORD, Mr. PRESSLER, Mr. DOLE, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, and Mr. MOYNIHAN) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the

Committee on Foreign Relations

FEBRUARY 9 (legislative day, JANUARY 25), 1994

Reported by Mr. PELL, without amendment and with an amendment to the

preamble

[Omit the part struck through and insert the part printed in italic.]

RESOLUTION

Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to the tragic

humanitarian crisis in Sudan.

Whereas a civil conflict in Sudan has resulted in a severe humanitarian emergency that has placed an estimated

4,000,000 people at risk;
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•SRES 94 RS

Whereas the resulting emergency conditions require an increase in the action and attention devoted to Sudan by

the international community;

Whereas the United States Centers for Disease Control found

during a recent visit to Sudan that as many as 80 percent of the children in many areas of Sudan are malnourished;

Whereas certain populations of Sudanese are acutely vulnerable as a result of the military policies of the Sudan Government and of fighting between factions of the Sudan

People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) in southern Sudan;

Whereas on June 30, 1989, the National Salvation Revolutionary Command Council suspended the Sudan constitution, dissolved all political institutions in Sudan, and

banned or dissolved all political parties, civic organizations, trade unions, professional associations, social organizations, and privately-owned mass media in Sudan;

Whereas the National Salvation Revolutionary Command

Council has taken control of the judiciary in Sudan, has

granted itself sweeping powers to detain Sudanese citizens under the National Security Act and other laws, and

has promoted a pattern of arbitrary arrest, detention

without charge or trial, and torture;

Whereas, according to Amnesty International, such detention

includes the detention of at least 250 people in Khartoum, Sudan;

Whereas the Sudan Government has engaged in a campaign

of ethnic cleansing, forcibly relocating tens of thousands

of Nuba people from Kordofan Province and killing hundreds;
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Whereas the 1993 World Report of the International Labor

Organization states that ‘‘traditional slavery survives in

modern-day Sudan’’ and that such slavery ‘‘seems to be

on the increase’’ as a result of raids by armed militia in

the border areas between northern and southern Sudan;

Whereas Amnesty International reports that hundreds of people were executed without trial or other judicial process

by Sudan Government forces in Juba and that more than

100 men arrested in Juba in mid-1992 have disappeared;

Whereas, in October 1992, the Congress agreed to a resolution condemning human rights and humanitarian abuses

in Sudan;

Whereas, on December 4, 1992, the United Nations General

Assembly agreed to a resolution condemning human

rights abuses in Sudan;

Whereas, on March 10, 1993, the United Nations Human

Rights Commission agreed to a resolution appointing a

Special Rapporteur for Human Rights for Sudan;

Whereas, despite these resolutions and other measures, reports indicate that widespread human rights violations

continue in Sudan;

Whereas the Sudan Government denies the existence of such

violations;

Whereas the Sudan Government and factions of the SPLA

have signed a series of agreements with the United Nations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in

Nairobi, Kenya, and Khartoum whose purpose is to improve access to populations of Sudanese people in need

of emergency aid, and the parties have demonstrated a

willingness to take further actions in responding to the
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humanitarian crisis in Sudan through an on-going process of negotiation: Now, therefore, be it;

1 Whereas the Sudan Government began its dry season offen2 sive in December 1993, and has recently increased the

3 offensive with the goal of targeting civilian populations,

4 and possibly cutting off humanitarian assistance to the

5 south; and

6 Whereas the Sudan Government expelled the British Ambas7 sador in December 1993 in response to a visit of the

8 Archbishop of Canterbury to see areas of devastation

9 in southern Sudan: Now, therefore, be it

10 Resolved, That the Senate—

11 (1) strongly condemns the egregious human

12 rights abuses of the Sudan Government and calls

13 upon the Sudan Government to cease such abuses;

14 (2) deplores the internecine fighting among fac15 tions of the Sudan People’s Liberation Army

16 (SPLA) which has caused an increase in the number

17 of deaths of Sudanese civilians;

18 (3) urges the Sudan Government and factions

19 of the SPLA to grant immediate and full access to

20 areas of needy people in Sudan to humanitarian re21 lief organizations; and

22 (4) calls upon the President—

23 (A) to act expeditiously to avert a humani24 tarian disaster of unprecedented proportions in
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1 Sudan by expanding relief operations (including

2 airlift, airdrops, and other means of delivering

3 humanitarian supplies);

4 (B) to increase the amount and expedite

5 delivery of financial assistance to non-govern6 mental organizations that supply emergency aid

7 to southern Sudan;

8 (C) to urge the United Nations to address

9 actively and energetically issues relating to

10 Sudan by encouraging the United Nations—

11 (i) to pass a United Nations Security

12 Council Resolution on Sudan;

13 (ii) to appoint a United Nations Spe14 cial Representative for Sudan;

15 (iii) to negotiate agreements with the

16 Sudan Government and the SPLA for the

17 expansion of corridors of access to Sudan

18 (including access along the Sudan-Uganda

19 border) for the supply of humanitarian re20 lief and for the safe passage and free

21 movement of civilians in and through

22 Sudan;

23 (iv) to explore the creation of inter24 nationally monitored demilitarized zones

25 and resettlement zones in southern Sudan
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1 in which Sudan Government forces, fac2 tions of the SPLA, and militia would not

3 be allowed;

4 (v) to place human rights monitors

5 under the jurisdiction of the United Na6 tions in areas of Sudan affected by the

7 fighting and human rights abuses in

8 Sudan; and

9 (vi) to support the on-going negotia10 tions for a cease-fire between the Sudan

11 Government and various factions of the

12 SPLA;

13 (D) to appoint a United States Special Ne14 gotiator to work with the United Nations, the

15 Organization of African Unity, the Sudan Gov16 ernment, factions of the SPLA, and govern17 ments of nations of the region; and

18 (E) to take immediate action in the inter19 national community with a view toward putting

20 pressure on any party in Sudan that obstructs

21 the delivery of humanitarian assistance into

22 ceasing such obstruction, including imposing

23 sanctions against such party or taking such

24 other actions as the President considers appro25 priate.
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