USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html[8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM]

Leach Table 1. Table summarizing analytical results for solutions leached from WTC dust and beam coating samples.

Details of the leach test methods are summarized in the text.

Leach Table 1

Outdoor dust samples

WTC-01-2 WTC-01-3 WTC-01-05 WTC-01-06 WTC-01-14

pH 10.1 9.51 9.9 9.65 9.68

Specific Conductance mS/cm 1.58 1.31 1.9 2.01 2.03

Chloride mg/L 7.8 3.7 nm nm 5.1

Fluoride mg/L <.8 <.8 nm nm <1.6

Nitrate mg/L 1.5 0.5 nm nm 1.4

Calcium mg/L 388 314 577 523 544

Magnesium mg/L 1.75 2.83 3.2 3.65 3.52

Potassium mg/L 6 3.8 7.71 6.33 6.9

Silicon mg/L 5.8 4.5 8.1 5.9 6.4

Phosphorous mg/L 0.05 0.1 0.04 0.03 0.05

Sodium mg/L 6.1 2.84 7.69 5.76 3.05

Sulfate mg/L 834 694 1210 1040 1250

Aluminum μg/L 111 44.6 24.3 26 30.3

Antimony μg/L 33.1 22.9 46.3 42 35.9

Arsenic μg/L 1 1 < 3 < 3 1

Barium μg/L 36.5 28.4 38.3 36 45.1

Beryllium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Bismuth μg/L < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01

Cadmium μg/L 0.44 0.26 1.08 0.82 0.37

Cerium μg/L < 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01

Cesium μg/L 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.06

Chromium μg/L 25.9 9 25.1 18.2 31.4

Cobalt μg/L 1.23 0.72 1.04 1.02 1.15

Copper μg/L 19.2 19.8 22.4 13.5 11.4

Gallium μg/L 0.23 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Germanium μg/L 0.07 0.09 0.1 0.08 0.07

Iron μg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50

Lanthanum μg/L < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01
USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html[8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM]

Lead μg/L 0.64 0.5 0.5 0.51 0.97

Lithium μg/L 11.2 4.1 11.2 9.4 9.8

Manganese μg/L 1 3.2 2 3.8 2.3

Mercury ng/L nm nm 18 7 nm

Molybdenum μg/L 56.8 14 45.7 42.2 30.8

Nickel μg/L 18.1 14.4 21.4 19.4 25.2

Niobium μg/L < 0.02 0.03 0.1 0.1 0.02

Rubidium μg/L 12.6 8.08 12.4 12.9 14.1

Scandium μg/L 1.8 1.3 2.2 1.9 1.9

Selenium μg/L 2.5 1 < 5 < 5 1.9

Silver μg/L < 3 < 3 nm nm < 3

Strontium μg/L 834 561 1150 1100 1230

Thallium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 0.2 0.06 < 0.05

Thorium μg/L 0.04 0.09 0.8 0.37 0.06

Titanium μg/L 17.9 13.4 18.9 18.7 25.7

Uranium μg/L 0.03 0.15 0.08 0.09 0.06

Vanadium μg/L 6.2 6 11.8 8.8 9.7

Yttrium μg/L < 0.01 < 0.01 0.08 0.08 0.11

Zinc μg/L 10.7 7.7 15.6 20.9 11.6

Zirconium μg/L 0.07 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.08

nm - not measured; ppm - parts per million; mg/L - milligrams per liter; μg/L - micrograms per liter; ng/L -

nanograms per liter; mS/cm - milliSiemens per centimeter

Leach Table 1, continued

Outdoor dust samples, continued

WTC-01-15 WTC-01-16 WTC-01-17 WTC-01-21 WTC-01-22

pH 10 8.22 9.47 9.98 10.4

Specific Conductance mS/cm 2.01 2.08 1.96 2.02 2.02

Chloride mg/L 3.4 8.5 nm 7.8 8.1

Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 nm <1.6 <1.6

Nitrate mg/L 1.5 <1.6 nm 2.4 1.5

Calcium mg/L 528 526 517 549 529

Magnesium mg/L 1.71 20.2 2.54 2.61 2.12

Potassium mg/L 5.9 9.2 4.83 7.7 5.2

Silicon mg/L 4.9 4.3 2 5.8 5.4

Phosphorous mg/L 0.02 0.03 < 0.01 0.04 0.05

Sodium mg/L 2.65 5.09 4.81 4.11 5.69

Sulfate mg/L 1230 1350 1110 1270 1170

Aluminum μg/L 53.9 6.33 50.6 53.6 153
USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html[8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM]

Antimony μg/L 15.3 28.6 11.2 21.2 17

Arsenic μg/L < 1 2 < 3 1 < 1

Barium μg/L 28.9 23.2 17.5 33.9 32.2

Beryllium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Bismuth μg/L 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 0.006 0.01

Cadmium μg/L 0.55 0.39 0.47 0.25 0.16

Cerium μg/L 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02

Cesium μg/L 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.06 0.05

Chromium μg/L 42 20.8 17.4 19.3 27.7

Cobalt μg/L 1.02 1.29 1.04 1.16 0.98

Copper μg/L 10.2 15.6 14.4 6.2 9.6

Gallium μg/L 0.1 0.05 0.08 0.2 0.27

Germanium μg/L 0.06 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.04

Iron μg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50

Lanthanum μg/L < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01

Lead μg/L 1.5 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.68

Lithium μg/L 6.4 11.2 6.9 7.4 7.8

Manganese μg/L 1.2 35.1 1.7 1.4 1

Mercury ng/L nm nm 8 nm nm

Molybdenum μg/L 10.6 46.3 35.5 10.7 7.42

Nickel μg/L 22.2 25 21.9 24.6 24.8

Niobium μg/L 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.04 0.04

Rubidium μg/L 12.4 14.1 8.91 14.1 10

Scandium μg/L 1.5 1.2 0.8 1.7 1.5

Selenium μg/L < 1 3 < 5 2.2 1.6

Silver μg/L < 3 < 3 nm < 3 < 3

Strontium μg/L 1060 999 1000 1020 943

Thallium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Thorium μg/L 0.06 0.24 0.2 0.1 0.17

Titanium μg/L 24.8 25.1 19.4 25.9 24

Uranium μg/L 0.03 0.52 0.01 0.02 0.02

Vanadium μg/L 6.6 6.5 2.7 8 5.5

Yttrium μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.07

Zinc μg/L 10.6 24.1 12.7 9.6 6.5

Zirconium μg/L 0.2 0.2 0.09 0.2 0.2

nm - not measured; ppm - parts per million; mg/L - milligrams per liter; μg/L - micrograms per liter; ng/L -

nanograms per liter; mS/cm - milliSiemens per centimeter

Leach Table 1, continued
USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html[8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM]

Outdoor dust samples, continued

WTC-01-25 WTC-01-27 WTC-01-28 WTC-01-30 WTC-01-34

pH 9.37 10 9.93 9.63 9.8

Specific Conductance mS/cm 2.16 2.31 2.02 1.9 2.02

Chloride mg/L 37 52 12 nm nm

Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 <1.6 nm nm

Nitrate mg/L 11 3 3.2 nm nm

Calcium mg/L 558 568 553 461 524

Magnesium mg/L 6.15 2.01 2.85 5.27 3.2

Potassium mg/L 11.7 9.7 11.3 3.22 5.06

Silicon mg/L 8.1 7.2 8.6 5 4.2

Phosphorous mg/L 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02

Sodium mg/L 12.9 12.7 5.57 4.28 2.76

Sulfate mg/L 1240 1240 1250 986 1180

Aluminum μg/L 23.8 33.4 45 22.6 27.8

Antimony μg/L 73.6 25.5 43.6 35.5 33.5

Arsenic μg/L 3.2 3 2 < 3 < 3

Barium μg/L 58.4 38.6 43.5 53.9 32.4

Beryllium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Bismuth μg/L 0.01 0.01 0.007 < 0.005 < 0.005

Cadmium μg/L 1.56 0.38 0.54 1.06 1.04

Cerium μg/L 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

Cesium μg/L 0.08 0.05 0.1 0.04 0.03

Chromium μg/L 24.4 15.7 34.5 26.1 16.2

Cobalt μg/L 3.18 1.17 1.25 0.72 0.87

Copper μg/L 39 21.5 9 14 10.6

Gallium μg/L 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Germanium μg/L 0.2 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.08

Iron μg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50

Lanthanum μg/L 0.01 < 0.01 0.02 0.01 < 0.01

Lead μg/L 11.5 0.4 0.83 0.2 0.5

Lithium μg/L 29.7 24.3 11.2 9.6 7.9

Manganese μg/L 4.9 1 2 3.3 1.8

Mercury ng/L nm nm nm 12 10

Molybdenum μg/L 140 126 50.4 30.6 27.9

Nickel μg/L 32.1 27 25.9 18.1 20.7

Niobium μg/L 0.03 0.06 0.03 0.07 0.06

Rubidium μg/L 19.3 14.9 25 9.26 10.8

Scandium μg/L 2.2 2.1 2.5 1.6 1.4
USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html[8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM]

Selenium μg/L 7.4 8.8 3.5 < 5 < 5

Silver μg/L < 3 < 3 < 3 nm nm

Strontium μg/L 1240 1440 1160 1540 1070

Thallium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Thorium μg/L 0.13 0.16 0.08 0.12 0.1

Titanium μg/L 25.5 25 26.3 16.5 18.9

Uranium μg/L 0.13 0.008 0.04 0.09 0.03

Vanadium μg/L 13.2 16.1 12.2 7.2 7

Yttrium μg/L 0.11 0.09 0.12 0.08 0.07

Zinc μg/L 11 8.4 12.1 5.3 12.2

Zirconium μg/L 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

nm - not measured; ppm - parts per million; mg/L - milligrams per liter; μg/L - micrograms per liter; ng/L -

nanograms per liter; mS/cm - milliSiemens per centimeter

Leach Table 1, continued

Indoor dust samples Girder coatings

WTC-01-20 WTC-01-36 WTC-01-8 WTC-01-9

pH 11.8 11.8 INS 10.8

Specific Conductance mS/cm 3.41 3.4 INS 1.43

Chloride mg/L 45 40 16 3

Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 <.8 <.8

Nitrate mg/L 9.1 17 62 4.1

Calcium mg/L 718 888 528 336

Magnesium mg/L 0.11 0.08 10.3 1.1

Potassium mg/L 10.9 12.3 3 1

Silicon mg/L 3.4 3.2 6.7 11.3

Phosphorous mg/L 0.09 0.09 < 0.01 < 0.01

Sodium mg/L 15.3 18.3 2.1 1.54

Sulfate mg/L 1320 1640 1090 674

Aluminum μg/L 611 702 10.8 121

Antimony μg/L 20.8 17.1 8.72 7.97

Arsenic μg/L 3.3 3.3 < 3 < 3

Barium μg/L 61.7 57.2 22.8 10.4

Beryllium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Bismuth μg/L 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005

Cadmium μg/L 0.18 0.18 0.02 0.02

Cerium μg/L < 0.01 0.01 0.26 0.4

Cesium μg/L 0.09 0.08 0.02 < 0.01

Chromium μg/L 69.4 109 18 408
USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html[8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM]

Cobalt μg/L 1.84 2.21 1.27 0.75

Copper μg/L 15.1 33.6 5.6 3.5

Gallium μg/L 0.59 0.97 0.08 0.38

Germanium μg/L 0.05 0.07 0.1 < 0.02

Iron μg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50

Lanthanum μg/L 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.18

Lead μg/L 5.8 10.9 0.4 0.3

Lithium μg/L 18.5 19.5 1.3 0.3

Manganese μg/L 1.3 1.7 5.5 2.1

Mercury ng/L 130 125

Molybdenum μg/L 73.8 72.9 1.74 1.18

Nickel μg/L 36.2 42.6 24.9 16.6

Niobium μg/L 0.08 0.05 0.08 < 0.02

Rubidium μg/L 17.7 20.8 3.54 1.35

Scandium μg/L 1.2 2.1 3.6 5.5

Selenium μg/L 10.5 10.3 < 5 < 5

Silver μg/L < 3 < 3 < 3 < 3

Strontium μg/L 1420 1690 990 758

Thallium μg/L 0.08 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05

Thorium μg/L 0.51 0.38 0.52 0.18

Titanium μg/L 25.5 28.4 24.9 15.3

Uranium μg/L 0.01 < 0.005 0.02 0.006

Vanadium μg/L 6.5 7.8 13.8 14.4

Yttrium μg/L 0.13 0.16 0.31 0.27

Zinc μg/L 28.4 61.8 20.1 15.8

Zirconium μg/L 0.4 0.4 3.7 0.2

nm - not measured; ppm - parts per million; mg/L - milligrams per liter; μg/L - micrograms per liter; ng/L -

nanograms per liter; mS/cm - milliSiemens per centimeter

Leach Table 1, continued

minimum maximum mean*

pH 8.22 11.8 10.00

Specific Conductance mS/cm 1.31 3.41 2.03

Chloride mg/L 3 52 11.27

Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 ***

Nitrate mg/L 0.5 62 3.69

Calcium mg/L 314 888 519.83

Magnesium mg/L 0.08 20.2 2.27

Potassium mg/L 1 12.3 6.03
USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html[8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM]

Silicon mg/L 2 11.3 5.43

Phosphorous mg/L 0.02 0.1 0.04

Sodium mg/L 1.54 18.3 5.16

Sulfate mg/L 674 1640 1121.72

Aluminum μg/L 6.33 702 49.68

Antimony μg/L 7.97 73.6 24.37

Arsenic μg/L 1 3.3 1.83

Barium μg/L 10.4 61.7 33.90

Beryllium μg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 ***

Bismuth μg/L 0.006 0.02 0.01

Cadmium μg/L 0.02 1.56 0.33

Cerium μg/L 0.01 0.4 0.02

Cesium μg/L 0.02 0.1 0.05

Chromium μg/L 9 408 29.50

Cobalt μg/L 0.72 3.18 1.17

Copper μg/L 3.5 39 13.21

Gallium μg/L 0.05 0.97 0.15

Germanium μg/L 0.04 0.2 0.07

Iron μg/L <50 <50 ***

Lanthanum μg/L 0.01 0.18 0.02

Lead μg/L 0.2 11.5 0.83

Lithium μg/L 0.3 29.7 7.91

Manganese μg/L 1 35.1 2.31

Mercury ng/L 7 130 21.26

Molybdenum μg/L 1.18 140 25.54

Nickel μg/L 14.4 42.6 23.46

Niobium μg/L 0.02 0.1 0.05

Rubidium μg/L 1.35 25 11.02

Scandium μg/L 0.8 5.5 1.82

Selenium μg/L 1 10.5 3.58

Silver μg/L < 3 < 3 ***

Strontium μg/L 561 1690 1083.10

Thallium μg/L 0.06 0.2 0.10

Thorium μg/L 0.04 0.8 0.16

Titanium μg/L 13.4 28.4 21.65

Uranium μg/L 0.006 0.52 0.04

Vanadium μg/L 2.7 16.1 8.24

Yttrium μg/L 0.05 0.31 0.11

Zinc μg/L 5.3 61.8 13.38
USGS Spectroscopy Lab - World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table

http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html[8/17/2015 4:42:17 PM]

Zirconium μg/L 0.07 3.7 0.22

*Geometric mean for all parameters except pH; ***Geometric mean not calculated due to one or more

samples having concentrations below detection limit; nm - not measured; ppm - parts per million; mg/L -

milligrams per liter; μg/L - micrograms per liter;

ng/L - nanograms per liter; mS/cm - milliSiemens per centimeter

ins - insufficient leachate solution volume to measure pH and conductivity 

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