Number 68 n September 5, 2013

Use of Family Planning and Related Medical Services

Among Women Aged 15–44 in the United States:

National Survey of Family Growth, 2006–2010

by Gladys Martinez, Ph.D.; Anjani Chandra, Ph.D.; Isaedmarie Febo-Vazquez, M.S.;

and William Mosher, Ph.D., Division of Vital Statistics

Abstract

Objective—This report presents national estimates of the use of family

planning services and related medical services among women aged 15–44 in the

United States in 2006–2010. Selected indicators are compared with similar

measures for 2002 and 1995 to examine changes over time.

Methods—Data for this report come primarily from the 2006–2010 National

Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), which included 12,279 interviews with

women aged 15–44. The response rate for women in the 2006–2010 NSFG was

78%.

Results—In 2006–2010, 43 million women aged 15–44 received a family

planning or related medical service in the previous 12 months. A Pap test and a

pelvic exam were the most common services received by women in the previous

year, followed by receipt of a method of birth control. About 18% of women

received a family planning or related medical service from a clinic in the past 12

months and one-half of these women received it from a Title X-funded clinic. In

contrast, 53% of women received a family planning or related medical service in

the past 12 months from a private doctor. Use of Title X-funded clinics was

more common among women in cohabiting unions, black and Hispanic women,

those who lived in nonmetropolitan areas, those below the poverty level, and

those without health insurance.

Keywords: birth control method • clinic use • Title X • Pap test

Introduction over their childbearing and help them

achieve their desired birth spacing and This report presents national family sizes (1–3). The use of family estimates of the use of family planning planning services is estimated to prevent and related medical services among 1.6 million unintended pregnancies each women aged 15–44 in the general year (4). Having an unintended birth is household population of the

United States for the period 2006–2010. associated with adverse social,

Family planning services are important economic, and health outcomes for both

because they allow women more control the mother and the child (5–7). In

addition, use of family planning services

may facilitate access to other

reproductive health services.

The National Survey of Family

Growth (NSFG) has been collecting data

on the use of family planning and

related medical services in the

United States since 1982. This report

presents selected data on the use of

specific family planning services and

related medical services, and how they

have changed over time. In addition,

data are presented on the types of

providers used for these services, and

the demographic and behavioral profiles

of women who obtain these services

from these providers.

Background

The last three decades have seen an

increase in the time between when

women first have sexual intercourse and

when they get married or have their first

child. In 1988, the median age at first

sex was 17.8 years and by 2006–2010,

the median age at first sex had dropped

to 17.1 years (8). This drop means that

women may spend a significantly larger

part of their reproductive years at risk of

an unintended pregnancy (9). Use of

family planning services during this

period of increased risk can play an

important role in reducing unintended

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Center for Health Statistics
pregnancies and allowing women to

time their fertility better.

Family planning and related medical

service providers also may play a role in

reducing acquisition and transmission of

sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) by

providing testing, counseling, and

treatment for STDs, including human

immunodeficiency virus (HIV). STD

services may in turn help to reduce the

incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease

and tubal or pelvic factor infertility,

especially through early detection and

treatment of chlamydia (10,11). The

family planning and related medical

services recommended by the Institute

of Medicine and other organizations

include receiving methods of birth

control, counseling regarding methods of

birth control, and testing and treatment

for STDs (12–15). Family planning

services also include other medical

services related to pregnancy such as

pregnancy tests, prenatal care, and

postpregnancy or postnatal care. Related

services also include preventive

reproductive health care such as

screening for cervical and breast cancer

(1,14,16–18). Studies have found that

inadequate use of family planning and

related medical services is associated

with higher STD and cervical cancer

rates and higher morbidity and mortality

rates for mothers and infants (2,19–21).

Clinical recommendations for when

to receive different reproductive

screenings vary by age and behavioral

characteristics, and change from time to

time. Recently the U.S. Preventive

Services Task Force released new

cervical cancer screening guidelines

recommending that young women forgo

Pap tests until at least age 21 (19,22–

24). The previous guidelines

recommended Pap tests for young

women aged 15–17 only if they were

sexually active, and for women aged 18

or over regardless of sexual activity.

Data on the use of family planning and

related medical services are needed to

monitor trends and patterns across

different population subgroups.

Variations by race, ethnicity,

and income

Use of family planning services is

known to vary across population

subgroups by age, race and Hispanic

origin, sexual experience, and income

(20,25–27). A previous study found no

racial differences in overall use of

family planning services, but it found

differences in the specific services used

(21). Racial and ethnic variation in both

the timing of birth and total fertility

may help explain some of the

differences in the type of services

received.

Also, use of family planning and

related medical services is found to be

lower among women from lower-income

households (16,28,29). This usage may

be due to their inability to pay for some

services or lower availability of services

(30). In 1970, Title X of the Public

Health Service Act was passed to

provide family planning services to

low-income women unable to afford

those services. In 1997, Medicaid was

also expanded to help pay for family

planning and related medical services.

Methods

Data source

NSFG was established and first

conducted by the Centers for Disease

Control and Prevention’s National

Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) in

1973. Since then, NCHS has conducted

NSFG seven times—in 1973, 1976,

1982, 1988, 1995, 2002, and most

recently, in 2006–2010. Since 1982,

NSFG has included all women aged

15–44 regardless of marital status.

The 2006–2010 NSFG was based

on 22,682 face-to-face

interviews—12,279 with women and

10,403 with men aged 15–44 in the

household population of the United

States. The interviews were administered

in person by trained female interviewers,

primarily in the respondents’ homes.

The 2006–2010 sample is a nationally

representative, multistage area

probability sample drawn from 110

areas or ‘‘primary sampling units’’

(PSUs) across the country. To protect

the respondent’s privacy, only one

person was interviewed in each selected

household. In 2006–2010, those aged

15–19 and black and Hispanic adults

were sampled at higher rates than

others. More details on NSFG methods

and procedures have been published

(31–33).

Family planning and medical

services

The data on family planning and

related medical services in this report

are based on a series of questions asked

of all women about 14 services they

may have received in the 12 months

prior to the interview. These services are

divided into two groups: family

planning and related medical services.

For the family planning services listed

below, women were asked, ‘‘In the past

12 months, that is, since [month,

previous year], have you received any of

the following birth control services

shown on card 49 from a doctor or

other medical care provider?’’ The

related medical services were shown on

card 50.

In this report, data on prenatal care

and postpregnancy care are not shown

separately because they apply only to

women who have had a pregnancy in

the past 12 months. Tables 1–3 examine

data for all women regardless of

whether they have ever had sex or have

ever been pregnant. Showing separate

data on prenatal and postpregnancy care

for all women would be misleading

because not all the women were

pregnant and in need of those services

in the past 12 months.

Family planning services:

+ A birth control method or

prescription for a method

+ A checkup or medical test related

to using a birth control method

+ Counseling about birth control

+ Counseling about getting

sterilized

+ Emergency contraception or the

‘‘morning-after pill,’’ or a

prescription for it

Page 2 National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013
National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013 Page 3

+ Counseling or information about

emergency contraception or the

‘‘morning after pill’’

+ A sterilizing operation

Medical services:

+ A pregnancy test

+ An abortion

+ A Pap test

+ A pelvic exam

+ Prenatal care

+ Postpregnancy care

+ Counseling, testing, or treatment

for a sexually transmitted disease

For each family planning or related

medical service she had received, the

woman was asked where she received it.

She was shown a card that listed

response options for type of provider.

Provider type options:

+ Private doctor’s office

+ HMO facility

+ Community health clinic,

community clinic, or public

health clinic

+ Family planning or Planned

Parenthood clinic

+ Employer or company clinic

+ School or school-based clinic

+ Hospital outpatient clinic

+ Hospital emergency room

+ Hospital regular room

+ Urgent care center, urgi-care, or

walk-in facility

+ Some other place

If the woman reported receiving the

service at a clinic, the questionnaire

routed the interviewer to a clinic

database installed on the computer. If

the clinic named by the respondent was

listed in the database, the interviewer

selected that clinic. The clinic database

was structured by state, city or town,

and then by clinic name. The database

classified the clinic first, by whether it

was funded by the federal Title X

program, and second, by the type of

agency that managed it. Further work

was done after the interview to identify

the clinics that were not found in the

database. When presenting summary

statistics on provider use—Title X clinic

use or private doctor visit—women who

had at least one visit to those types of

providers counted as having ever visited

that type of provider. This means that in

Tables 4–6, some women may be

represented in multiple categories if they

visited more than one type of provider

in the past 12 months.

Demographic variables used

in this report

The data on use of family planning

services presented in this report are

shown with respect to several key

demographic characteristics including

age, Hispanic origin and race, marital

status, parity, metropolitan residence,

health insurance, and poverty level.

These characteristics were measured at

the time of the interview.

The definition of Hispanic origin

and race used in this report takes into

account the reporting of more than one

race, in accordance with the 1997

guidelines from the Office of

Management and Budget (34). Separate

estimates are presented for single-race,

non-Hispanic respondents who are black

or white.

The strengths of the data in this

report, based primarily on the 2006–

2010 NSFG, include that they are based

on a large nationally representative

sample of women, and are collected and

processed in comparable ways so that

trends could be measured reliably.

Interviewers were supplied with visual

aids, such as ‘‘show-cards,’’ life-history

calendars, and ‘‘help screens’’ containing

definitions of terms and other guides.

These aids were especially helpful for

the content of this report, which

includes detailed data on family

planning and medical services.

The data in this report also have

some limitations. Like all survey data,

these data are subject to sources of

nonsampling error. Because NSFG is a

cross-sectional survey, questions rely on

respondents’ recall when reporting past

experiences. Given the detail asked of

the women, NSFG used the life history

calendar to help them remember specific

dates by writing down other key

demographic markers (e.g., dates of high

school graduation, marriages and

dissolutions, and children’s births) to

help their recall. And given the

complexity and level of detail involved

with reporting family planning services

obtained, and to aid recall, the survey

asked only about services received in

the past 12 months. Despite these

considerations, errors of recall are

possible.

Statistical analysis

All estimates in this report were

weighted to represent the characteristics

of the 62 million women aged 15–44 in

the household population of the United

States in 2006–2010. Statistics for this

report were produced using SAS

software, version 9.3 (http://www.sas.

com). For most tables, PROC

SURVEYFREQ was used to account for

NSFG’s complex sampling design when

estimating standard errors for each

percentage. Each table in this report

includes standard errors as measures of

the sampling error of each point

estimate.

The significance of differences

among subgroups was determined by

standard two-tailed t tests using point

estimates and their standard errors. No

adjustments were made for multiple

comparisons. The difference between

any two estimates is mentioned in the

text only if it is statistically significant.

However, if a comparison is not made,

it may or may not have been tested.

Otherwise, terms such as ‘‘similar’’ or

‘‘no significant differences’’ are used to

indicate that the estimates being

compared were not significantly

different.

In the description of the results

below, when the percentage being cited

is below 10%, the text cites the exact

percentage to one decimal point. To

make reading easier and to remind the

reader that the results are based on

samples and subject to sampling error,

percentages above 10% will generally

be shown rounded to the nearest whole

percent. Readers should pay close
attention to the sampling errors for

small population groups. In this report,

percentages are not shown if the sample

denominator is less than 100 cases or

the numerator is less than 5 cases. When

a percentage or other statistic is not

shown for this reason, the table contains

an asterisk signifying that the ‘‘statistic

does not meet standards of reliability or

precision.’’ For most statistics presented

in this report, the numerators and

denominators are much larger. This

report is intended to present selected

statistics on trends and differences in the

use of family planning services in the

12 months prior to the interview among

U.S. women in 2006–2010. The results

presented in this report are bivariate and

do not attempt to demonstrate causeand-effect relationships.

Results

Trends in use of family

planning services

Among the approximately 62

million women aged 15–44 in the

United States in 2006–2010, the

percentage of women who received a

family planning or related medical

service in the 12 months prior to the

interview increased slightly between

1995 (69%) and 2002 (73%) and

decreased slightly to 70% between 2002

and 2006–2010 (Table 1). This decrease

may be the result of a population

decline during this period among U.S.

women aged 25–44—the ages when

women’s use of family planning services

is highest (35). This decrease is also

supported by the lack of change in the

use of family planning and related

medical services between 2002 and

2006–2010 among women aged 25–44

(data not shown). Nonetheless, this

translates into 43 million women in

2006–2010 who received a family

planning service in the past 12 months,

compared with 45 million women in

2002.

+ Following increases between 1995

and 2002, there was no change

between 2002 and 2006–2010 in the

percentage of women who obtained a

method of birth control or a

prescription, a birth control checkup

or test, counseling on emergency

contraception, a pregnancy test, or a

sterilizing operation (Figure 1 and

Table 1). The period between 2002

and 2006–2010 saw increases in the

percentage of women who received

emergency contraception (from 0.9%

to 2.2%, for a 144% increase) and

STD counseling, testing, or treatment

(from 13% to 16%, for a 27%

increase).

+ The percentage of women who

received birth control counseling,

sterilization counseling, a pelvic

exam, or a Pap test declined between

2002 and 2006–2010.

+ The period between 1995 and 2002

also saw an increase in STD

counseling, testing, or treatment, but

this was likely due to a change in the

survey question that added

‘‘counseling,’’ thereby broadening the

scope of the question.

Table 2 shows characteristics of

women who received family planning

SOURCES: CDC/NCHS, National Survey of Family Growth, 2006–2010, and Table 1 of this report. Percent

1995 2002 2006–2010

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Sterilization Pregnancy test Pap test

counseling

Birth control

counseling

Birth control

checkup or test

Birth control

method

27

22 22

14

3

16

34

24

19

4

20

64

62

33

17

3

19

60

Figure 1. Percentage of all women receiving selected family planning or medical services in the past 12 months: United States, 1995,

2002, and 2006–2010

Page 4 National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013
National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013	 Page 5

services in the past 12 months. The

most common services were obtaining a

birth control method (33% of women

aged 15–44 or about 21 million women

in a year), obtaining a birth control

checkup or test (22% or about 14

million women), and receiving birth

control counseling (17% or about 10

million women in a year).

+ Sterilization counseling (received by

3% of women), sterilization operation

(received by 2%), emergency

contraception (obtained by 2%), and

emergency contraception counseling

(received by 3%) were used rarely,

and will not be discussed further. Use

of emergency contraception is

described in a recent report using

NSFG data (36).

+ By age, the percentage of women

who received at least one family

planning service in the past 12

months ranged from 58% (ages

20–24) to 31% (ages 40–44).

+ Differences by Hispanic origin and

race and income in the proportion of

women who received at least one

family planning service in the past

year were generally small, but

non-Hispanic white women were

more likely to have received a family

planning service.

+	 Currently cohabiting women were

more likely to have obtained a

method of birth control in the past 12

months (46%) than unmarried (33%)

or currently married women (30%)

(Figure 2).

Other related medical

services

The percentage of women who

received other medical services in the

12 months before the interview is shown

in Table 3. The most common services

among this group were Pap tests

(received by 60% of women or about 37

million women in a year) and pelvic

exams (received by 55% of women). In

addition, 19% received a pregnancy test

and 16% received counseling, testing, or

treatment for an STD.

+	 Teenagers were less likely (33%) to

have received one of these medical

services in the past 12 months

compared with the majority of

women aged 20 and over

(71%–77%).

+	 Non-Hispanic black women (72%)

were more likely than white (67%)

and Hispanic (61%) women to report

receiving one of these medical

services in the past 12 months,

particularly counseling, testing, and

treatment for STDs (Table 3).

+	 Women with children (73%) were

also more likely to have received a

service in the past 12 months

compared with those without children

(57%). This also may help explain

the differences by Hispanic origin and

race, because black women are more

likely than white women to have had

a child.

+	 A higher proportion of cohabiting

women received at least one medical

service; a Pap test; a pregnancy test;

or STD counseling, testing, or

treatment compared with women who

were currently married or those that

were unmarried.

Table 4 shows the types of health

care providers from which women

received care in the past 12 months.

About 18% of women received a service

from at least one clinic in the past 12

months and about one-half of these

women received a service from at least

one Title-X funded clinic. In contrast,

53% of women received a service from

at least one private doctor or HMO. For

distinction, patients who use private

doctors or HMOs for their health care

typically pay for the visit with private

insurance, their own income, or both.

Clinics, on the other hand, are typically

subsidized by federal, state, or local

government programs, or private

nonprofit organizations (9).

+	 In 2006–2010, 31% of women aged

20–44 from households less than

101% of the poverty level used at

least one clinic for their family

planning or related medical care in

the last 12 months, compared with

9.4% of women with the highest

income (251% or higher than the

poverty level). In contrast, the

SOURCES: CDC/NCHS, National Survey of Family Growth, 2006–2010, and Table 2 of this report. Percent 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

Currently married Currently cohabiting Unmarried, not cohabiting

30 

46 

33 

Figure 2. Percentage of all women receiving a birth control method in the past 12 months,

by marital status: United States, 2006–2010
Page 6	 National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013

proportions using at least one private

doctor were highest for those in the

highest income group.

+ Women in cohabiting unions (31%)

were more likely than women who

were unmarried and not cohabiting

(20%) and those who were currently

married (12%) to have received their

family planning and related medical

services from at least one clinic

provider. In contrast, currently

married women were more likely to

have received their services from a

private doctor or HMO (65%).

+ Hispanic (27%) and black (23%)

women were more likely than white

(13%) women to have received their

family planning and related medical

services from at least one clinic

provider.

+ Women in cohabiting unions (17%),

black (13%) and Hispanic (13%)

women, those who lived in

nonmetropolitan areas (14%), those

below the poverty level (16%), and

those who were uninsured at any time

in the past 12 months (16%) more

commonly received a family planning

and related medical service from at

least one Title X-funded clinic.

Table 5 provides a demographic

profile of users and nonusers of family

planning and related medical services

based on the 12 months prior to the

interview.

+ Users were more likely than nonusers

to be currently married or cohabiting

(first two columns). For example,

45% of users were currently married

compared with 33% of nonusers.

+ Users and nonusers did not vary

significantly with respect to race and

Hispanic origin or metropolitan

residence. However, users (50%)

were more likely to have incomes at

251% of the poverty level or higher

compared with nonusers (39%).

+ Women who visited at least one clinic

(specifically at least one Title Xfunded clinic) for their family

planning or medical services in the

past year were disproportionately

younger than those who visited a

private doctor or HMO for their

services. Over one-half (56%) of

those who visited at least one private

doctor or HMO were aged 30–44,

compared with 33% of those who

visited at least one clinic and 32% of

those who visited at least one

Title X-funded clinic.

+	 Women visiting at least one Title Xfunded clinic for their services in the

past year were more likely to have

incomes at or below the poverty level

(38%), compared with 15% of those

visiting at least one private doctor or

HMO.

+	 Title X clinic users were more likely

to live in nonmetropolitan areas than

were patients of private doctors.

Thirty-one percent of Title X clinic

users were from nonmetropolitan

areas compared with 18% of those

who visited a private doctor.

+	 Women visiting at least one Title Xfunded clinic for their family

planning or related medical services

in the past year were less likely to be

white (49%) compared with those

visiting at least one private doctor or

HMO (68%).

Behavioral characteristics of users

and nonusers of family planning and

medical services in the past year are

shown in Table 6. These characteristics

are useful as profiles of the medical and

behavioral backgrounds that these

groups may bring to their use of family

planning and other medical services.

+	 Users of these services in the past

year were more likely than nonusers

to have ever been pregnant, to have

had a birth, and to have had an

unintended birth. These users also

were more likely to have ever used

the pill or a condom and to have ever

been tested for HIV outside of blood

donation.

+	 Users of family planning and medical

services in the past year were more

likely than nonusers to have been

treated for an STD in the past year

(5.5% compared with 0.6%), and

were more likely to have engaged in

any sexual or drug-related HIV risk

behavior in the past year (9.6%

compared with 4.3%).

+	 Women who received at least one of

their recent family planning or

medical services from a Title Xfunded clinic were nearly twice as

likely (14%) as those who visited a

private doctor or HMO (7.5%) to

have engaged in any sexual or

drug-related HIV risk behavior in the

past year. Title X-funded clinic users

also were more likely than private

doctor or HMO users to have been

treated for an STD in the past year

(8.2% compared with 4.5%)

(Figure 3).

+	 Almost one-half (48%) of women

who visited at least one Title

X-funded clinic for their family

planning or medical services in the

past year had spent some time

without health insurance in the past

year, compared with 19% of those

who visited a private doctor or HMO

(Figure 3).

+	 Women receiving family planning or

medical services from at least one

Title X-funded clinic were less likely

than women who received services

from at least one private doctor or

HMO to have received Pap tests or

pelvic exams in the past year.

Women in the 2006–2010 NSFG

who received a Pap test or pelvic exam

in the past year were asked whether a

doctor or medical care provider talked

with them about birth control or

emergency contraception during their

visit (Figure 4 and Table 7).

+	 Younger women aged 15–19 who

received a Pap test or pelvic exam in

the past year more commonly

reported having had their provider

discuss both topics than those aged

30–44 who received a Pap test or

pelvic exam. Seventy percent of those

aged 15–19 discussed birth control

compared with 38% of women aged

30–44. About 18% of teenagers aged

15–19 discussed emergency

contraception compared with 4.9% of

women aged 30–44.

+	 Unmarried and not-cohabiting women

were more likely to have had their

provider discuss these topics,

followed by cohabiting women, and

currently married women. Similarly,

both topics were more commonly

discussed among childless (no births)

women than among those with

children.
National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013	 Page 7

NOTES: Visiting any Title X-funded clinic means that the women went to at least one Title X-funded clinic in the past 12 

months. Visiting a private doctor or HMO means that the women went to at least one private doctor or HMO in the past 12 

months. HMO is health maintenance organization. STD is sexually transmitted disease. 

SOURCES: CDC/NCHS, National Survey of Family Growth, 2006–2010, and Table 6 of this report. Percent 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

Sex- or drug-related 

risk behavior 

Any time with Treated for an STD 

no insurance 

48 

38 

19 

8 

5 

14 

17 

8 

10 

Any Title Xfunded clinic Only non-Title Xfunded clinic Private doctor 

or HMO 

Figure 3. Profile of women who went to any Title X clinic, only non-Title X clinics, or a

private doctor or HMO in the last 12 months, by selected characteristic or behavior in the

past 12 months: United States, 2006–2010

+ Among women whose provider talked

to them about birth control, there

were no statistically significant

differences by the characteristics

shown in Table 7. However, there

were significant variations among

women who discussed emergency

contraception by metropolitan

residence, health insurance coverage,

poverty level, and Hispanic origin

and race.

n	 Women living in metropolitan

central cities were nearly twice as

likely (11%) as those in

nonmetropolitan areas (5.8%) to

have had their provider discuss

emergency contraception during

their visit for a Pap test or pelvic

exam.

n	 Women who spent some time

without health insurance were

twice as likely (14%) as those

with continuous coverage (7.0%)

to have had their provider discuss

emergency contraception.

n	 Women with household incomes

at or below 150% of the poverty

level were more likely to have

had their provider discuss

emergency contraception. For

example, 13% of those with

incomes below 101% of the

poverty level discussed

emergency contraception

compared with 4.9% of those

251% or above the poverty level.

n	 Hispanic (18%) and black (12%)

women were more likely than

white (5.7%) women to have had

their provider discuss emergency

contraception.

onclusion

This report presents data from the

006–2010 NSFG on the use of family

C

2

planning and related medical services

among women aged 15–44 in the

United States. It focuses on the use of

specific family planning and medical

services in the 12 months prior to the

interview, changes over time, types of

providers used, and characteristics of

women who visited each type of

provider in the past year. The

experiences of women with family

planning and medical services in the

past 12 months differ by characteristics

including Hispanic origin and race,

poverty level, residence, and insurance

coverage.

Among the 62 million women aged

15–44 in the United States in 2006–

2010, 43 million received a family

planning or related medical service in

the 12 months prior to the interview.

The most common services obtained by

women during this time were a Pap test,

a pelvic exam, a method of birth control

or a prescription, and a checkup or

medical test related to using a birth

control method. Use of family planning

or medical services from a Title Xfunded clinic was more common among

Hispanic and black women, cohabiting

women, women who lived in

nonmetropolitan areas, those below the

poverty level, and those who spent any

time without health insurance in the past

year.

A higher percentage of women who

received a family planning or related

medical service from a Title X-funded

clinic also reported risky behaviors in

the past 12 months. For example, they

were more likely to have engaged in

any sexual or drug-related HIV risk

behaviors, to have been treated for an

STD, and were less likely to have

received a Pap test compared with

women who used a private doctor or

HMO for their services.

Some of the variations by race and

Hispanic origin described in this report

in the use of family planning and related

medical services may be attributable to

the widely documented differences in

fertility patterns among Hispanic, white,

and black women. In 2010, the fertility

rate for non-Hispanic white women was

58.7 births per 1,000 women aged

15–44, compared with 66.6 births per

1,000 for non-Hispanic black women
Page 8	 National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013

SOURCES: CDC/NCHS, National Survey of Family Growth, 2006–2010, and Table 7 of this report. Age group 

Talked about emergency contraception 

Talked about method of birth control 

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

15–19 

20–24 

25–29 

30–44 

Percent 

5 

9 

16 

18 

70 

64 

55 

38 

Figure 4. Percentage of women who received a Pap test or Pelvic exam in the past 12

months and whose provider talked to them about a method of birth control or emergency

contraception, by age group: United States, 2006–2010

and 80.2 births per 1,000 for Hispanic

women (37). Hispanic and non-Hispanic

black women were less likely to have

received any family planning service in

the past 12 months compared with

non-Hispanic white women. Hispanic

women were less likely than black and

white women to have received any other

medical services including a Pap test or

Pelvic exam, the most common services

received by women. Whereas white

women were more likely to have

received their family planning services

from a private doctor, Hispanic and

black women were more likely to visit a

Title X-funded clinic for their services.

NSFG is currently in the field

collecting data on the use of family

planning services and provider type. The

survey will continue to track women’s

use of reproductive health care; their

type of provider; and their use of

clinics, Title X-funded clinics, and

private providers for their primary

source of care.

References

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15. Fowler CI, Lloyd S, Gable J, Wang

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J. Discouraging trends in

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Hum Reprod 26(9):2541–8. 2011.

20. Dehlendorf C, Rodriguez MI, Levy

K, Borrero S, Steinauer J. Disparities

in family planning. Am J Obstet

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21. Borrero S, Schwarz EB, Creinin M,

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force.org/uspstf/uspscerv.htm.

23. The American Congress of

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the American Cancer Society/

American Society for Colposcopy

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Cancer_Screening_Recommendations.

24. Henderson JT, Saraiya M, Martinez

G, Harper CC, Sawaya GF. Changes

to cervical cancer prevention

guidelines: Effects on screening

among U.S. women ages 15–29. Prev

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25. Potter J, Trussell J, Moreau C.

Trends and determinants of

reproductive health service use

among young women in the USA.

Hum Reprod 24(12):3010–8. 2009.

26. Hall KS, Moreau C, Trussell J.

Determinants of and disparities in

reproductive health service use

among adolescent and young adult

women in the United States,

2002–2008. Am J Public Health

102(2):359–67. 2012.

27. Lindberg LD, Frost JJ, Sten C,

Dailard C. Provision of contraceptive

and related services by publicly

funded family planning clinics, 2003.

Perspect Sex Reprod Health

38(3):139–47. 2006.

28. Foster DG, Biggs MA, Rostovtseva

D, de Bocanegra HT, Darney PD,

Brindis CD. Estimating the fertility

effect of expansions of publicly

funded family planning services in

California. Womens Health Issues

21(6):418–24. 2011.

29. Chandra A, Martinez GM, Mosher

WD, et al. Fertility, family planning,

and reproductive health of U.S.

women: Data from the 2002 National

Survey of Family Growth. National

Center for Health Statistics. Vital

Health Stat 23(25). 2005. Available

from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/

series/sr_23/sr23_025.pdf.

30. Institute of Medicine. A Review of

the HHS family planning program:

mission, management, and

measurement of results. Washington,

DC: The National Academies Press.

2009. Available from: http://www.

nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=

12585#toc.

31. Groves RM, Mosher WD, Lepkowski

J, Kirgis NG. Planning and

development of the continuous

National Survey of Family Growth.

National Center for Health Statistics.

Vital Health Stat 1(48). 2009.

Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/

nchs/data/series/sr_01/sr01_048.pdf.

32. Lepkowski JM, Mosher WD, Davis

KE, et al. The 2006–2010 National

Survey of Family Growth: Sample

design and analysis of a continuous

survey. National Center for Health

Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(150).

2010. Available from: http://www.

cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_02/

sr02_150.pdf.

33. Lepkowski JM, Mosher W, Groves

RM, et al. Responsive design,

weighting, and variance estimation in

the 2006–2010 National Survey of

Family Growth. National Center for

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2(158). 2013.

34. OMB. Revisions to the standards for

the classification of federal data on

race and ethnicity. Fed Regist

62FR58781–58790. 1997. Available

from: http://www.whitehouse.gov/

omb/fedreg_1997standards/.

35. U.S. Census Bureau. Age and sex

composition: 2010 Census Briefs.

United States Census Bureau. 2011.

Available from: http://www.census.

gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br03.pdf.

36. Daniels K, Jones J, Abma J. Use of

emergency contraception among

women aged 15–44: United States,

2006–2010. NCHS data brief, no

112. Hyattsville, MD: National

Center for Health Statistics. 2013.

Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/

nchs/data/databriefs/db112.pdf.

37. Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Ventura SJ,

et al. Births: Final data for 2010.

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Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/

nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr61/nvsr61_01.pdf.
Page 10 National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013

Table 1. Number of women aged 15–44 and percentage receiving specified family planning or medical services from a medical care

provider in the 12 months prior to interview: United States, 1995, 2002, and 2006–2010

Service 1995 2002 2006–2010

All women 15–44 ....................... 60,201 61,561 61,755

Percent (standard error)

Any family planning or medical service1 ......... 69.0 (0.6) 72.7 (0.7) 70.0 (0.9)

Family planning service

Any family planning service ................ 32.6 (0.5) 41.7 (0.7) 39.8 (0.8)

Birth control method ..................... 27.4 (0.5) 33.9 (0.7) 33.4 (0.7)

Birth control checkup or test ................ 22.2 (0.5) 23.6 (0.7) 22.3 (0.6)

Birth control counseling ................... 14.4 (0.4) 18.6 (0.7) 16.7 (0.6)

Sterilization counseling ................... 3.3 (0.2) 4.4 (0.3) 3.1 (0.2)

Sterilization operation .................... 1.8 (0.1) 1.9 (0.2) 1.8 (0.2)

EC (emergency contraception)............... --­ 0.9 (0.1) 2.2 (0.2)

EC counseling......................... --­ 3.2 (0.3) 3.3 (0.3)

Medical service

Any medical service ..................... 66.8 (0.6) 69.1 (0.7) 65.9 (0.8)

Pregnancy test ........................ 16.0 (0.4) 19.7 (0.6) 18.6 (0.5)

Pap test ............................ 61.9 (0.6) 64.4 (0.8) 60.4 (0.9)

Pelvic exam .......................... 61.3 (0.6) 59.7 (0.7) 55.2 (0.9)

Counseling, testing, or treatment for STD2 ....... 7.6 (0.3) 12.6 (0.5) 16.0 (0.6)

- - - Data not available.

1

Receipt of any family planning or medical service includes receipt of prenatal or postpregnancy care, not shown separately.

2

The word ‘‘counseling’’ was not included in 1995. STD is sexually transmitted disease.
National Health Statistics Reports

n Number 68n September 5, 2013 Page 11

44 and percentage who received specified family planning services from a medical care provider in the 12 months prior to interview, by

s, 2006–2010

Family planning services received in past 12 months

At least one

family planning Emergency

service in the Birth control Birth control Birth control Sterilization Sterilization Emergency contraception

Number past 12 months1 method counseling checkup or test counseling operation contraception counseling

Percent (standard error)

..... 61,755 39.8 (0.8) 33.4 (0.7) 16.7 (0.6) 22.3 (0.6) 3.1 (0.2) 1.8 (0.2) 2.2 (0.2) 3.3 (0.3)

..... 10,478 36.0 (1.6) 29.4 (1.5) 16.9 (1.2) 19.6 (1.2) 0.4 (0.1) 0.0 2.5 (0.4) 4.2 (0.6)..... 10,365 57.7 (1.8) 50.8 (1.8) 25.8 (1.4) 34.0 (1.5) 1.5 (0.4) 0.8 (0.3) 5.0 (0.9) 6.4 (1.0)

..... 10,535 52.0 (1.5) 44.2 (1.3) 22.1 (1.2) 30.7 (1.5) 3.4 (0.5) 2.2 (0.4) 3.2 (0.6) 4.0 (0.6)

..... 30,378 30.7 (1.0) 25.0 (1.0) 11.6 (0.7) 16.4 (0.8) 4.6 (0.4) 2.7 (0.3) 0.8 (0.2) 1.6 (0.2)

..... 10,474 36.1 (2.2) 29.1 (1.8) 18.2 (1.3) 17.6 (1.3) 4.5 (0.6) 2.4 (0.4) 3.2 (0.6) 5.9 (0.8)

..... 37,384 42.4 (1.0) 36.6 (0.9) 16.2 (0.7) 24.8 (0.9) 2.9 (0.4) 1.7 (0.2) 1.9 (0.3) 2.3 (0.3)

..... 8,451 36.3 (1.3) 28.7 (1.4) 18.4 (1.2) 21.9 (1.2) 2.9 (0.5) 1.8 (0.5) 1.4 (0.3) 3.0 (0.4)

..... 25,605 36.5 (1.2) 30.0 (1.1) 14.7 (0.8) 19.9 (1.1) 4.3 (0.5) 2.5 (0.4) 0.6 (0.2) 1.5 (0.3)

..... 6,910 53.3 (1.8) 45.7 (1.9) 23.2 (1.5) 31.3 (1.5) 5.1 (0.7) 2.8 (0.6) 3.4 (0.7) 4.7 (0.8)

..... 29,240 39.4 (1.2) 33.4 (1.1) 16.9 (0.8) 22.3 (0.9) 1.6 (0.2) 1.0 (0.2) 3.3 (0.4) 4.4 (0.4)

..... 27,401 43.3 (1.2) 38.3 (1.1) 17.1 (0.8) 25.8 (0.9) 0.5 (0.1) 0.1 (0.1) 3.6 (0.4) 4.3 (0.5)

..... 34,353 36.9 (1.0) 29.5 (0.9) 16.3 (0.7) 19.6 (0.8) 5.3 (0.4) 3.2 (0.3) 1.1 (0.2) 2.4 (0.3)

..... 20,024 40.8 (1.3) 34.1 (1.1) 18.7 (0.8) 22.2 (0.8) 2.6 (0.3) 1.5 (0.3) 3.0 (0.4) 4.8 (0.6)

..... 29,497 38.6 (1.0) 32.5 (1.1) 15.9 (0.7) 21.7 (0.9) 3.2 (0.3) 1.7 (0.2) 2.2 (0.3) 3.0 (0.3)

..... 12,234 40.8 (2.1) 34.2 (1.8) 15.3 (1.6) 24.0 (1.4) 3.9 (0.8) 2.6 (0.5) 0.8 (0.3) 1.3 (0.3)

..... 10,727 39.2 (1.7) 32.6 (1.7) 17.7 (1.2) 21.8 (1.3) 5.4 (0.6) 3.4 (0.5) 2.2 (0.4) 4.1 (0.5)

..... 6,116 36.7 (1.9) 29.7 (1.9) 17.0 (1.3) 19.2 (1.7) 4.6 (0.8) 3.1 (0.6) 1.8 (0.5) 4.2 (0.9)..... 5,330 37.4 (2.1) 32.0 (1.9) 15.9 (1.4) 22.7 (1.7) 2.3 (0.7) 1.5 (0.5) 2.9 (0.8) 2.5 (0.7)..... 5,064 39.3 (2.2) 33.8 (1.9) 17.4 (1.8) 22.4 (1.7) 4.3 (1.0) 2.9 (0.8) 2.1 (0.8) 2.3 (0.5)

..... 24,039 43.0 (1.1) 36.6 (1.0) 16.1 (0.8) 24.5 (1.0) 2.9 (0.4) 1.4 (0.3) 2.0 (0.3) 2.6 (0.3)

st year

..... 16,668 36.1 (1.3) 29.6 (1.2) 16.9 (0.9) 20.1 (1.1) 2.8 (0.4) 1.8 (0.3) 3.0 (0.5) 4.2 (0.5)

..... 44,755 41.3 (0.8) 35.0 (0.8) 16.7 (0.7) 23.2 (0.7) 3.3 (0.3) 1.8 (0.2) 1.9 (0.2) 2.9 (0.3)

, birth control method, checkup or medical test for birth control, counseling about birth control, counseling about getting sterilized, emergency contraception, or counseling about emergency contraception.

ay have received more than one service.

ance coverage and women of other or unknown race and origin groups, not shown separately.
Table 3. Number of women aged 15–44 and percentage who received specified medical services from a medical care provider in the

12 months prior to interview, by selected characteristics: United States, 2006–2010

Characteristic Number

Medical service

At least

one medical

service in

the past

12 months1 Pregnancy test Pap test Pelvic exam

Counseling,

testing, or

treatment for

STD

Percent (standard error)

Total

2 ............... ............... 61,755 65.9 (0.8) 18.6 (0.5) 60.4 (0.9) 55.2 (0.9) 16.0 (0.6)

Age

15–19 .............................. 10,478 33.1 (1.5) 14.8 (1.1) 26.1 (1.4) 20.5 (1.3) 14.3 (1.1)

20–24 .............................. 10,365 73.8 (1.8) 30.7 (1.6) 66.2 (2.0) 57.2 (1.9) 30.0 (1.8)

25–29 .............................. 10,535 77.4 (1.2) 27.4 (1.5) 71.3 (1.4) 65.8 (1.6) 22.2 (1.3)

30–44 .............................. 30,378 70.6 (1.1) 12.7 (0.7) 66.5 (1.2) 62.8 (1.2) 9.5 (0.5)

Hispanic origin and race

Hispanic or Latina ...................... 10,474 60.5 (2.0) 21.9 (1.3) 53.4 (1.9) 45.4 (2.2) 15.8 (1.0)

Not Hispanic or Latina

White, single race ..................... 37,384 66.8 (1.1) 16.7 (0.6) 62.0 (1.2) 59.1 (1.1) 14.6 (0.8)

Black or African American, single race ........ 8,451 72.3 (1.3) 24.7 (1.2) 66.4 (1.5) 54.7 (1.9) 23.2 (1.3)

Marital or cohabiting status

Currently married ....................... 25,605 74.1 (1.3) 19.6 (0.8) 69.8 (1.3) 65.4 (1.5) 9.6 (0.7)

Currently cohabiting ..................... 6,910 79.9 (1.5) 29.9 (1.8) 74.1 (1.7) 65.9 (1.8) 27.0 (1.8)

Unmarried, not cohabiting.................. 29,240 55.4 (1.3) 15.0 (0.7) 49.1 (1.3) 43.7 (1.1) 18.9 (0.8)

Parity

No births ............................ 27,401 57.0 (1.3) 17.0 (0.8) 51.1 (1.4) 45.9 (1.2) 17.3 (1.0)

One or more births ..................... 34,353 73.1 (1.0) 19.8 (0.7) 67.9 (1.0) 62.6 (1.2) 14.9 (0.6)

Residence

Metr opolitan, central city .................. 20,024 67.8 (1.7) 19.7 (1.0) 61.9 (1.7) 55.8 (1.5) 19.3 (1.2)

Metropolitan, suburb ..................... 29,497 63.9 (1.0) 17.8 (0.7) 58.4 (1.1) 54.3 (1.3) 14.5 (0.7)

Nonmetropolitan ....................... 12,234 67.6 (1.8) 18.6 (1.2) 63.0 (1.8) 56.4 (2.1) 14.0 (1.4)

Poverty level3

Less than 101%........................ 10,727 68.8 (1.8) 22.6 (1.2) 62.9 (1.6) 54.3 (1.9) 19.5 (1.3)

101%–150% .......................... 6,116 66.1 (1.7) 19.4 (1.4) 60.2 (1.7) 54.4 (1.7) 17.6 (1.5)

151%–200% .......................... 5,330 69.0 (2.1) 19.7 (1.7) 63.3 (2.2) 55.9 (2.2) 19.3 (1.9)

201%–250% .......................... 5,064 71.3 (2.0) 21.1 (2.0) 65.5 (1.9) 59.7 (2.3) 15.3 (1.8)

251% or higher ........................ 24,039 77.1 (1.3) 17.5 (0.8) 72.7 (1.4) 69.8 (1.3) 14.1 (0.9)

Any time with no health insurance in the past year

Yes ............................... 16,668 60.2 (1.3) 19.4 (0.9) 53.1 (1.4) 47.5 (1.6) 19.0 (1.1)

No ................................ 44,755 68.4 (0.9) 18.4 (0.6) 63.5 (0.9) 58.4 (1.0) 14.9 (0.7)

1

Medical services include pregnancy test; Pap test; pelvic exam; counseling, testing, or treatment for STDs; prenatal care; postnatal care; and abortion. Percentages may not add to total because

women may have received more than one service.

2

Includes women missing information on health insurance coverage, those who received prenatal or postpregnancy care, and women of other or unknown race and origin groups, not shown

separately.

3

Limited to women aged 20–44 at time of interview.

NOTE: STD is sexually transmitted disease.

Page 12 National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013
Table 4. Type of provider used by women aged 15–44 for any family planning or medical service received in the past 12 months, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2006–2010

Characteristic Number

Type of provider

Clinic

Ever visited

a clinic in

last 12 months

Ever visited

a Title X clinic

in last 12 months

Only visited

a non-Title X

clinic in

last 12 months

Ever visited

a private doctor

or HMO in

last 12 months

Percent (standard error)

Total

1 ............... ............... 61,755 17.8 (0.8) 8.8 (0.6) 8.9 (0.7) 52.5 (1.1)

Age

15–19 .............................. 10,478 16.3 (1.2) 7.8 (0.8) 8.5 (1.1) 28.1 (1.5)

20–24 .............................. 10,365 29.4 (1.8) 15.2 (1.3) 14.2 (1.5) 50.2 (1.7)

25–29 .............................. 10,535 24.4 (1.2) 12.6 (1.1) 11.8 (1.2) 57.4 (1.5)

30–44 .............................. 30,378 12.0 (0.7) 5.7 (0.5) 6.3 (0.6) 60.1 (1.4)

Marital or cohabiting status

Currently married ....................... 25,605 11.5 (1.0) 5.2 (0.6) 6.3 (0.8) 65.0 (1.6)

Currently cohabiting ..................... 6,910 31.0 (1.9) 16.8 (1.8) 14.2 (1.6) 54.5 (2.4)

Unmarried, not cohabiting.................. 29,240 20.1 (1.0) 10.2 (0.7) 10.0 (0.8) 41.2 (1.2)

Hispanic origin and race

Hispanic or Latina ...................... 10,474 26.8 (1.7) 12.7 (1.5) 14.0 (1.6) 38.9 (2.0)

Not Hispanic or Latina

White, single race ..................... 37,384 13.1 (0.8) 7.1 (0.6) 6.0 (0.5) 58.9 (1.4)

Black or African American, single race ......... 8,451 23.4 (1.6) 13.0 (1.3) 10.4 (1.0) 50.1 (1.9)

Parity

No births ............................ 27,401 17.8 (0.9) 9.0 (0.7) 8.7 (0.8) 45.4 (1.3)

One or more births ...................... 34,353 17.8 (1.0) 8.7 (0.7) 9.1 (0.9) 58.2 (1.4)

Residence

Metropolitan, central city .................. 20,024 20.6 (1.2) 9.3 (0.8) 11.3 (0.9) 50.3 (1.5)

Metropolitan, suburb ..................... 29,497 13.3 (0.8) 6.4 (0.5) 6.9 (0.7) 55.8 (1.4)

Nonmetropolitan ....................... 12,234 23.9 (2.5) 14.0 (1.9) 9.9 (2.5) 48.4 (3.6)

Poverty level2

Less than 101%........................ 10,727 31.2 (1.5) 16.3 (1.4) 14.9 (1.3) 41.8 (1.8)

101%–150% .......................... 6,116 25.6 (1.9) 11.2 (1.4) 14.4 (1.8) 42.7 (1.9)

151%–200% .......................... 5,330 21.0 (1.9) 11.2 (1.5) 9.8 (1.5) 49.7 (2.6)

201%–250% .......................... 5,064 19.5 (1.8) 12.4 (1.7) 7.1 (0.9) 56.6 (2.2)

251% or higher ........................ 24,039 9.4 (0.7) 4.1 (0.5) 5.2 (0.5) 70.3 (1.4)

Any time with no health insurance in the past year

Yes ............................... 16,668 28.4 (1.2) 15.8 (1.2) 12.6 (0.9) 36.3 (1.3)

No ................................ 44,755 13.8 (0.9) 6.3 (0.5) 7.5 (0.8) 59.0 (1.4)

1

Includes women of other or unknown race and origin groups, not shown separately. 2

Limited to women aged 20–44 at time of interview.

NOTE: HMO is health maintenance organization.

National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013 Page 13
Page 14 National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013

Table 5. Demographic profile of users and nonusers of family planning and medical services in the last 12 months: United States,

2006–2010

Type of provider

Did not use any Used at least one Clinic users

family planning or family planning or Ever visited

medical service in medical service in a private doctor or Ever visited a Ever visited a Only visited a

the last 12 months the last 12 months HMO in last clinic in Title X clinic in non-Title X clinic

Characteristic (all nonusers) (all users) 12 months last 12 months last 12 months in last 12 months

Number

Total1 ............... ............... 18,513 43,242 32,450 10,973 5,464 5,509

Percent distribution (standard error)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Age

15–19 .............................. 31.7 (1.2) 10.6 (0.4) 9.1 (0.4) 15.5 (0.8) 14.9 (1.2) 16.2 (1.4)

20–24 .............................. 12.1 (0.9) 18.8 (0.8) 16.0 (0.9) 27.8 (1.4) 28.9 (1.9) 26.6 (2.0)

25–29 .............................. 10.7 (0.7) 19.8 (0.7) 18.6 (0.8) 23.5 (1.2) 24.4 (1.7) 22.6 (1.7)

30–44 .............................. 45.5 (1.6) 50.8 (1.1) 56.2 (1.1) 33.2 (1.3) 31.8 (1.9) 34.6 (2.1)

Hispanic origin and race

Hispanic or Latina ...................... 20.0 (2.7) 15.6 (1.5) 12.5 (1.3) 25.6 (2.9) 24.4 (2.3) 26.7 (4.6)

Not Hispanic or Latina

White, single race ..................... 58.4 (2.6) 61.5 (1.8) 67.8 (1.6) 44.7 (2.8) 48.7 (2.8) 40.7 (4.0)

Black or African American, single race ........ 11.5 (1.1) 14.6 (1.2) 13.1 (1.0) 18.0 (2.1) 20.1 (2.6) 15.9 (2.4)

Marital or cohabiting status

Currently married ....................... 32.8 (1.4) 45.2 (1.1) 51.3 (1.3) 26.8 (1.6) 24.3 (2.1) 29.3 (2.2)

Currently cohabiting ..................... 6.1 (0.7) 13.4 (0.6) 11.6 (0.7) 19.5 (1.3) 21.2 (1.8) 17.8 (1.8)

Unmarried, not cohabiting.................. 61.2 (1.4) 41.4 (1.0) 37.1 (1.2) 53.7 (1.7) 54.4 (2.6) 52.9 (2.4)

Residence

Metropolitan, central city .................. 30.9 (2.5) 33.1 (1.8) 31.0 (1.9) 37.5 (2.3) 34.1 (2.6) 40.9 (3.7)

Metropolitan, suburb ..................... 50.7 (2.7) 46.5 (2.1) 50.7 (2.2) 35.8 (2.8) 34.6 (3.0) 37.1 (4.0)

Nonmetropolitan ....................... 18.3 (2.2) 20.4 (2.2) 18.3 (2.3) 26.7 (3.5) 31.3 (4.2) 22.0 (5.1)

Poverty level2

Less than 101%........................ 23.8 (1.7) 20.0 (0.9) 15.2 (0.8) 36.1 (1.7) 37.6 (2.1) 34.5 (2.4)

101%–150% .......................... 14.9 (1.1) 11.0 (0.6) 8.8 (0.5) 16.9 (1.3) 14.8 (1.6) 19.1 (1.9)

151%–200% .......................... 12.1 (1.0) 9.9 (0.6) 9.0 (0.6) 12.1 (1.1) 12.8 (1.6) 11.3 (1.4)

201%–250% .......................... 10.4 (0.9) 9.7 (0.5) 9.7 (0.5) 10.6 (1.1) 13.5 (1.9) 7.8 (1.0)

251% or higher ........................ 38.8 (1.8) 49.5 (1.4) 57.3 (1.5) 24.3 (1.6) 21.4 (1.9) 27.3 (2.7)

1

Includes women of other or unknown race and origin groups, not shown separately, and women who used other types of providers.

2

Limited to women aged 20–44 at time of interview.

NOTE: HMO is health maintenance organization.
Characteristic and behavior

Did not use

any family

planning or

medical service in

the last 12 months

(all nonusers)

Used at least

one family

planning or

medical service

in the last

12 months

(all users)

Type of provider

Ever visited

a private

doctor or

HMO in last

12 months

Clinic users

Ever visited

a clinic

in last

12 months

Ever visited

a Title X

clinic in

last 12 months

Only visited

a non-Title X

clinic in

last 12 months

Total1 ..............................

Ever

Been pregnant ........................

Had a live birth ........................

Had an unintended birth...................

Used the pill for any reason ................

Used the condom.......................

Been treated for PID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tested for HIV outside of blood donation ........

In the past year

Had any time with no health insurance..........

Had a Pap test ........................

Had a pelvic exam ......................

Had an HIV test outside of blood donation .......

Was treated for an STD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Had five or more male partners . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Engaged in any sexual or drug-related HIV risk

behavior............................

Smoked at least a few (two to four) cigarettes a day .

Had five or more drinks within couple of hours .....

Smoked marijuana at all ..................

Smoked marijuana at least once a month ........

Used cocaine at all......................

18,513

48.6 (1.7)

45.6 (1.6)

27.0 (1.3)

46.8 (1.6)

59.2 (1.5)

2.3 (0.3)

39.1 (1.5)

32.1 (1.6)

. . . 

. . . 

4.3 (0.4)

0.6 (0.2)

1.1 (0.3)

4.3 (0.5)

21.4 (1.3)

33.2 (1.6)

13.4 (1.0)

4.8 (0.5)

2.2 (0.4)

43,242

67.9 (1.2)

59.9 (1.2)

32.8 (1.1)

84.1 (0.7)

90.1 (0.6)

5.1 (0.4)

67.7 (0.9)

25.0 (1.0)

86.3 (0.5)

78.8 (0.9)

28.8 (0.9)

5.5 (0.4)

2.1 (0.2)

9.6 (0.5)

22.4 (0.8)

42.9 (1.1)

17.2 (0.7)

5.7 (0.4)

2.6 (0.2)

Number

32,450 10,973

Percent (standard error)

69.2 (1.3) 65.7 (1.8)

61.6 (1.3) 55.6 (2.0)

31.4 (1.1) 38.8 (1.8)

86.8 (0.6) 77.6 (1.3)

90.9 (0.6) 89.9 (1.1)

4.8 (0.4) 6.6 (0.8)

67.4 (1.1) 70.4 (1.6)

18.5 (0.9) 43.4 (2.2)

88.9 (0.5) 82.5 (1.0)

82.9 (0.8) 69.3 (1.6)

27.1 (1.0) 38.5 (1.4)

4.5 (0.4) 8.9 (0.8)

1.5 (0.2) 3.6 (0.5)

7.5 (0.5) 15.4 (0.9)

20.5 (0.9) 28.2 (1.7)

41.1 (1.2) 49.3 (1.7)

14.9 (0.8) 24.9 (1.4)

4.7 (0.3) 8.6 (0.8)

2.1 (0.3) 3.9 (0.6)

5,464

65.7 (2.6)

54.8 (2.7)

39.1 (2.7)

77.9 (1.8)

92.4 (1.0)

7.1 (1.1)

70.0 (2.5)

48.4 (2.2)

84.5 (1.4)

71.7 (2.1)

40.0 (2.2)

8.2 (1.1)

3.1 (0.6)

14.2 (1.3)

31.0 (2.3)

48.6 (2.1)

23.5 (1.9)

8.2 (0.9)

3.7 (0.8)

5,509

65.7 (2.6)

56.5 (2.7)

38.5 (2.5)

77.2 (1.6)

87.4 (1.7)

6.2 (1.1)

70.9 (2.1)

38.3 (3.1)

80.5 (1.6)

66.9 (2.2)

36.9 (2.0)

9.6 (1.2)

4.0 (0.8)

16.5 (1.4)

25.4 (2.3)

50.0 (2.6)

26.2 (2.1)

9.1 (1.3)

4.0 (0.9)

. . . Category not applicable.

1

Family planning services and related medical care includes sterilizing operation; birth control method; checkup or medical test for birth control; counseling about birth control; counseling about

getting sterilized; emergency contraception; counseling about emergency contraception; abortion; pregnancy test; Pap test; pelvic exam; counseling, testing, or treatment for STDs; prenatal care;

and postnatal care.

NOTES: HMO is health maintenance organization. PID is pelvic inflammatory disease. STD is sexually transmitted disease.

National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013 Page 15

Table 6. Behavioral profile of nonusers and users of family planning and medical services in the last 12 months: United States,

2006–2010
Page 16 National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013

Table 7. Number of aged women 15–44 who received a Pap test or pelvic exam in the 12 months prior to interview and percentage who

talked to a doctor about these topics, by selected characteristics: United States, 2006–2010

Characteristic Number

When received a Pap test or a pelvic exam, doctor or

medical provider discussed using:

Birth control Emergency contraception

Total1 ...................................

Age

15–19...................................

20–24...................................

25–29...................................

30–44...................................

Marital or cohabiting status

Currently married. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Currently cohabiting ..........................

Unmarried, not cohabiting ......................

Parity

No births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

One or more births. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Residence

Metropolitan, central city . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Metropolitan, suburb..........................

Nonmetropolitan ............................

Poverty level2

Less than 101% ............................

101%–150%...............................

151%–200%...............................

201%–250%...............................

251% or higher .............................

Any time with no health insurance in the past year

Yes ....................................

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hispanic origin and race

Hispanic or Latina ...........................

Not Hispanic or Latina

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

38,835

2,973

7,195

7,770

20,897

18,452

5,265

15,117

14,733

24,102

12,907

18,017

7,911

10,727

6,116

5,330

5,064

24,039

9,311

29,465

5,919

23,990

5,817

48.5

69.9

63.8

55.1

37.8

41.3

51.9

56.2

57.7

42.9

48.8

50.0

44.8

46.6

49.1

46.9

46.6

46.3

50.6

47.9

49.2

49.0

46.7

(1.1)

(3.0)

(1.9)

(1.7)

(1.4)

(1.5)

(2.2)

(1.7)

(1.7)

(1.2)

(1.5)

(1.5)

(3.5)

(2.1)

(3.0)

(2.9)

(2.5)

(1.5)

(1.7)

(1.3)

(2.0)

(1.5)

(2.0)

Percent (standard error)

8.7

17.8

15.5

9.2

4.9

5.0

10.6

12.5

11.2

7.2

10.8

8.5

5.8

12.5

12.1

8.3

9.6

4.9

14.2

7.0

17.9

5.7

11.5

(0.5)

(2.2)

(1.5)

(1.1)

(0.6)

(0.6)

(1.4)

(0.8)

(0.9)

(0.6)

(0.9)

(0.8)

(0.7)

(1.1)

(1.7)

(1.6)

(1.5)

(0.5)

(1.1)

(0.5)

(1.3)

(0.6)

(1.3)

1

Includes women of other or unknown race and origin groups, not shown separately.

2

Limited to women aged 20–44 at time of interview.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF

HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Center for Health Statistics

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National Health Statistics Reports n Number 68 n September 5, 2013

Acknowledgments

The 2006–2010 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) was conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National

Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) with the support and assistance of several organizations and individuals. Interviewing and other tasks were

performed by the University of Michigan’s Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, under a contract with NCHS. The 2006–2010

NSFG was jointly planned and funded by the following programs and agencies of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services:

• Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

• Office of Population Affairs

• National Center for Health Statistics, CDC • Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, CDC • Division of Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention, CDC

• Division of Reproductive Health, CDC

• Children’s Bureau of the Administration for Children and Families • Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation

NCHS gratefully acknowledges the contributions of these programs and agencies, and all others who assisted in designing and implementing

the 2006–2010 NSFG.

This report was prepared under the general direction of Charles J. Rothwell, Acting Director of the National Center for Health Statistics, and

Stephanie J. Ventura, Chief of the Reproductive Statistics Branch of NCHS’ Division of Vital Statistics (DVS). The authors are also grateful for

the valuable comments provided by Stephanie Ventura; Robert Anderson, co-DVS Associate Director for Science; and Jennifer Madans, NCHS

Associate Director for Science.

Suggested citation

Martinez GM, Chandra A, Febo-Vazquez I,

Mosher WD. Use of family planning and

related medical services among women aged

15–44 in the United States: National Survey of

Family Growth, 2006–2010. National health

statistics reports; no 68. Hyattsville, MD:

National Center for Health Statistics. 2013.

Copyright information

All material appearing in this report is in the

public domain and may be reproduced or

copied without permission; citation as to

source, however, is appreciated.

National Center for Health Statistics

Charles J. Rothwell, M.S., Acting Director

Jennifer H. Madans, Ph.D., Associate Director

for Science

Division of Vital Statistics

Delton Atkinson, M.P.H., M.P.H., P.M.P.,

Acting Director

For e-mail updates on NCHS publication releases, subscribe online at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/govdelivery.htm.
 

For questions or general information about NCHS: Tel: 1–800–CDC–INFO (1–800–232–4636) • TTY: 1–888–232–6348
 

Internet: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs • Online request form: http://www.cdc.gov/cdc-info/requestform.html
 

DHHS Publication No. 2013–1250 • CS241905