Aproved Code No. 121 Registry No. 1728-2-09 

NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION 

·-· 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

HOTEL INDUSTRY 

AS APPROVED ON NOVEMBER 17, 1933 

BY 

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT 

WE DO OUR PART 

0 :: -: -~; Ex cuti Order 

I A ' 1 ' ,.. .. 2.- Let er o Transmittal ) 

UNITED ST ATES 

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WASHINGTON : 1933 

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(II) 
EXECUTIVE ORDER 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION FOR THE HOTEL INDUSTRY 

An application having been duly made, pursuant to and in full 

compliance with the provisions of title I of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, for my approval of a Code 

of Fair Competition for the I-Iotel Industry, and hearings having 

been held thereon and the Administrator having rendered his report 

containing an analysis of the said code of fair competition, together 

with his recommendations and findings with respect thereto, and the 

Administrator having found that the said code of fair competition 

complies in all respects with the pertinent provisions of title I of said 

act, and that the requirements of clauses (1) and (2) of subsection 

(a) of section 3 of said act have been met: 

NOW, THEREFORE, I, Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the 

United States, pursuant to the authority vested in me by title I of the 

National Industrial Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, and otherwise, do adopt and approve the report, recoilllnendations, and findings of the Administrator, and do order that the said code of fair 

competition, excepting, however, subsection ( d) of section 1 of 

article IV be, and it is hereby, approved, subject to the following 

conditions: 

(1) That the aforesaid subsection ( cl) of section 1 of article IV be, 

and it is hereby, eliminated: 

(2) That within 90 days from the effective date of this code, the 

Administrator shall hold such further hearing upon such notice as 

he, in his discretion, shall fix for the purpose of determining the 

adequacy of the minimum wages established in this code, after which 

his report and recommendat10n shall be submitted to me for my 

further order, and 

(3) That such further order by me shall constitute a modification 

of, and shall have the effect of a further condition of, my approval of 

this code. 

THE vV HITE HousE, 

N oveniber 17, 1933. 

Approval recommended : 

HuoH S. JoHNSON, 

Administrator. 

21626°-244- 32-33 

FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. 

(III) 
The PRESIDENT, 

The White House. 

NOVEMBER 3, 1933. 

Sm: This is a report of the H earing on the Code of Fair Competition for the Hotel Industry, conducted in accordance with the provisions of the National Industrial Recovery Act. The hearings were 

held in the Caucus Room of the new House Office Building, September 25, and in the large Ballroom of the Hotel Mayflower on September 26, 1933. The Code was presented by the American Hotel 

A sociation, which association is a confederation of some 40 local 

state hotel as ·ociations with about 4,300 members, and is said to 

represent more than 50 per cent oi' the industry by number of rooms, 

and more than 75 per cent of the industry by volume of business. 

THE I NDUSTRY 

It is estimated that the industry comprises about 20,000 hotels, and 

that between 340,000 and 350,000 persons were employed in the 

hotel industry in September, 1933, as compared to about 290,000 in 

1929. The increase of approximately 50,000 employees is due, to a 

considerable extent, to the completion for occupancy of a number 

of large hotels since 1929. 

PROVISIONS OF THE CODE 

The work hours may not be entirely satisfactory from a purely 

social standpoint, but they represent a substantial reduction from 

the hours which prevailed in the hotel industry. 

The code provides for minimum wages for all employees, and will 

result in a very considerable increase in amounts paid to employees. 

The code further provides for review by the Administrator not later 

than J nne 1, 1934, to ascertain whether the provisions thereof have 

effectuated or will effectuate the policy and purposes of the National 

Industrial Recovery Act. 

The code contains an interpretation of Section 7 (a) of the National Industrial Recovery Act. I have consented to its submission 

to you only for the reason that its elimination by any other method 

would necessitate delaying the approval of this code until a national 

convention of the American Hotel Association might be held. I 

have not approved this interpretation, and recommend that you approve the code on condition that it be eliminated. 

FINDINGS 

I find that : (a) The code as recommended complies in all respects with the pertinent provisions of Title I of the Act, including 

subsection (a) of Section 7 and subsection (b) of Section 10 thereof; 

and that 

(IV) 
V 

(b) The applicant group imposes no inequitable restrictions on 

admission to membership therein, and is truly representative of the 

Hotel Industry; and that 

( c) The provisions of the code as recommended are not designed 

to promote monopolies or to eliminate or oppress small enterprises 

and will not operate to discriminate against them, and will tend to 

effectuate the policy of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery 

Act. 

It is recommended, therefore, that this code be approved. 

Respectfully~ 

HUGHS. JOHNSON, 

Admini,strator. 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION FOR THE HOTEL INDUSTRY 

To effectuate the policies of Title I ·of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act, the following provisions are established as a Code of , 

Fair Competition for the Hotel Industry. 

ARTICLE I-APPLICATION OF CODE 

SECTION 1. Application of Oode.-The provisions of this Code, and 

such other provisions as may subsequently be ap:()roved and annexed 

hereto, and except as specifically provided hereinafter, shall apply 

to each member of the Hotel Industry as hereinafter defined in 

Article II. 

ARTICLE II-DEFINITIONS 

SECTION 1. Hotel lndustry.-The term "hotel industry" as used 

herein shall mean the business of operating a hotel as hereinafter 

defined in Section 2. 

SECTION 2. H otel.-The term "hotel" as used herein shall include 

any establishment operated for profit, which 

(a) Extends lodging to the general public; 

(b) Has at least ten (10) guest rooms, available for such lodgings in one building; 

( c) Charges not less than $0.50 per day per person in return for 

transient lodging. 

( d) ,Is equipped to provide lodging in at least twenty-five (25) 

percent of its rooms without prior understanding or agreement as to 

duration of any guest's stay. 

SEc. 3. Guest.-The tenn " guest " as used herein shall mean any 

person duly registered in a hotel for lodging. 

SEc. 4. Guest Room.-The term" guest room" as used herein shall 

mean any room offered for lodgin~ to any duly registered guest. 

SEC. 5. Employee.-The term ' employee " as used herein shall 

mean any person employed by any member of the Hotel Industry. 

SEc. 6. E1nployer.-The term "employer" as used herein shall 

mean anyone by whom any such employee is compensated or 

employed. 

SEc. 7. Definition of PeTsonnel.-

(a) Executive.-The term "executive" as used herein shall mean 

an employee responsible for the management of a business or a 

recognized subdivision thereof. 

(b) Ole1ical Employee.-1.'he term " clerical employee " as used 

herein shall mean any employee engaged in office work, such as desk 

clerks, cashiers, accountants, bookkeepers, and similar occupations. 

( c) Service Employee.-The term "service employee" as used 

herein shall mean an employee whose duties consist chiefly in rendering direct services to guests, and who is compensated therefor in part 

by such guests. 

(1) 
2 

( d) Operation Eniployee.-The term "operation employee" as 

nsed herein shall mean all those employees not specifically otherwise 

defined herein. 

( e) 1V atchmen and Guards.-The term "-watchmen and guards" 

a· used herein shall mean employees engaged primarily in watching 

and afeguarding the premi es and property of the hotel. 

(f) Hotel D tective.-Th.e term "hotel detective" as used herein 

shall mean an employee engaged exclusively in detective or protective 

,York. 

(g) Maintenance E,nploye .-The term "maintenance employee" 

as u eel herein shall mean an employee essential to the upkeep or 

pre ervation of the premise and property of a hotel. 

(h) Part-tinie Eniployee.-The term "part-time employee" a.s 

u eel herein hall mean an employee who works for less than the 

maximum work week prescribed herein. 

(i) Night Aitdit01·.-The term "night auditor" as used herein 

shall mean any night employee whose duties consist primarily in 

the tabulation and verification of the daily business of the hotel. 

SEc. 8. South.-The term" South" as u ed herein shall mean Virginia, "\Vest Virginia, l\1aryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, 

Georgia, Florida, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, l\1is issippi, Arlrnnsas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, New :Mexico, Texas, and the District 

of Columbia. SEc. 9. Population.-Population shall be determined by reference 

t the Fifteenth Census of the United States (U.S. Department of 

Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1930). 

ARTICLE III-EFFECTIVE DATE 

The effective date of this Code shall be the second Mondai after 

its approval by the President of the United States. 

ARTICLE IV-GEXERAL LABOR PROVISIONS 

SE TION 1. Collective Ba'rgaining.-(a) Employees shall have the 

right to organize and bargain collectively through representatives o:f 

their own choosing, and shall be free from interference, restraint, 

or coercion of employers of labor, or their agents, in the designation 

of such representatives or in self-organization or in other concerted 

activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual 

aid or protection. 

(b) No employee and no one seeking employment shall be required 

as a condition of employment to join any company union or to 

refrain from joining, organizing, or assisting a labor organization 

of his own choosino·. 

( c) Employers hall comply with the maximum hours o:f labor, 

minimum rates of pay, and other conditions of employment, 

approved or prescribed by the Pre iclent. 1 ( d) Hotels are and shall be open to capable workers, without 

regard to their member hip or nonmembership in any labor organization, and the right of a hotel to employ or discharge any employee 

1 This section dc> leted by EJxecutive order. 
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on the basis of individual merit and subject to the fluctuating conditions of the business shall not be limited or abridged. 

SEc. 2. Child Labor.-On and after the effective date of this Code, 

no person under the age of sixteen (16) years shall be employed. 

Where a State law prescribes a higher minimum age, this code 

shall not relieve any employer within such state from complying 

with such State laws. 

ARTICLE V-HOTTRS OF LABOR 

SECTION 1. Basic Working H ours.-On and after the effective date 

of this Code no hotel employee, not specifically exempted hereinafter, 

shall work more than fifty-four (54) hours per week, nor more 

than ten (10) hours per day, nor more than six (6) clays in any one 

week. 

No employer shall lmowingly engage any employee for any time, 

which when totaled with that already performed with another employer, or employers, in the industry, exce-eds the maximum prescribed herein. 

SEc. 2. Schedule of hours to be posted.-On or within one week 

after the effective date of this Code, every hotel e tablishment shall 

post and maintain in a conspicuous place the maximum working hours 

for its employees. 

SEc. 3. Exceptions to 1naxirnum hours of labor.-

( a) Watch11ien, gu.ards a11.d hotel cletectives.-T.he maximum hours 

of work prescribed in Section 1 of this Article shall not apply to 

watchmen, guards and hotel detectives. 

(b) JJ,f a.intenance E11iployees.-The maximum hours specified in 

Section 1 of this Article shall not apply to maintenance employees, 

provided, however, that such employees shall be paid at the rate 

of time and one-third for all hourc:: worked in exce s of fifty-four 

( 54) hours in any one week. 

(c) Night Auditors.-The maximum. hours of work prescribed 

in Section 1 of this Article shall not apply to night auditors, provided, however, that such emplo ·ee shall not be permitted to work 

in excess of six ( 6) hours in excess of the maximum hours per 

week prescribed in that section, and provided further that the 

number of hours worked by night auditors in any hotel establishment prior to June 15, 1933, shall not be increased. 

( d) Executives.-Subject to the conditions set forth in Section 4 

of this Article, executives receiving $35.00 or more per week in cities 

of over 500,000 population, or receiving $30.00 or more per week 

in cities of 100,000 to 500,000 population, or receiving $27.50 or more 

per week in cities of 25,000 to 100,000 population, or receiving $25.00 

or more per week in cities, towns, villages, and other places under 

25,000 population, may be permitted to work in exce of the maximum hours of work prescribed in Section 1 of this Article. In the 

South, executives paid not less than fifteen (15) percent less than 

the wages specified may be permitted to work in excess of such 

maximum periods. In Kansas and lvfissouri, ex cntives paid not 

less than ten ( 10) percent less than the wages herein before pecified 

may be permitted to work in excess of the maximum period of labor 

prescribed in Section I of this Article. For the purposes of this 
4 

subsection ( d) of thi Article each city or place shall include the 

immediate trade area of .. uch city or place. 

(e) Peak Periods.-At peak times, for a period not to •2xceed 

three ( 3) weeks in the fir t .._ ix ( 6) months of the calendar year, 

and not to exceed three (3) weeks in the second six ( 6) months, an 

employee ,., hose basic work ,...,eek is fifty-four ( 54) hours may be 

permitted to work not more than sixty ( 60) hours per week and 

eleven (11) hours per day; provided, however, that in the event any 

hotel establi hment is open for business for any period of not more 

than six (6) months in any calendar year, any such employee may 

be permitted to work not more than sixty (60) hours per week and 

ele,en (11) hours per day for a period not in excess of six (6) weeks. 

All uch work may be without the payment of overtime. 

SEc. 4. Li11iitation 'upon nuniber of penons 'UJorking 'Unrestricted 

},ours.- otwithstanding the provisions of the foregoing sections of 

this Article, and regardless of the number of persons otherwise permitted to work unrestricted hours, the total number of workers in 

any e tablishment (whether such workers are executives, proprietors, 

partner , per ons not receiving monetary wages, or others) who shall 

be permitted to work unrestricted hours shall not exceed the following ratio: In e tabli hments comprised of twenty (20) workers or 

less the total number of workers who may be permitted to work 

1mre tricted hours (not including tho e workers specified in Section 

3 (a) of this Article) hall not exceed one worker for eYery five ( 5) 

worker or fraction thereof· in e tablishments comprised of more 

than t\Tenty (20) workers the total number of workers who may 

work unrestricted hour (not including tho e worker specified in 

Section 3 (a) of this Article) shall not exceed one worker for every 

five (5) workers for the first twenty (20) workers, and shall not 

exceed one worker for every eight (8) workers above twenty (20). 

SEC. 5. Spread of ico1'king hours and 1vu1nber of shifts per day.-

Not more than twelve (12) con ecutive hours shall elapse between 

the beginning and termination of the hours worked by any employee 

in any one day, and not more than one interval off duty shall be 

permitted during the course of any one day's employment. 

Section 6. Extra workin_q hoitr on one day a week.-On one day 

each week employees may be permitted to work one extra hour, but 

such hour i to be included within the maximum hours permitted 

each week. 

Section 7. Oonfiict with state laws.-)Vhen any state law prescribes 

for any class of employees shorter hours of labor than those prescribed in this Article, this Article shall not relieve any employer 

within such State from complying with such State laws. 

ARTICLE VI-WAGES 

Section 1. Basio schedule of waqes.-On and after the effective 

date of this Code the minimum weekly rates of wages which shall 

be paid for a work week as specified in Article V, whether such 

wages are calculated upon an hourly, weekly, monthly commission, 

or any other basis, shall except as hereinafter otherwise provided, 

be as follows : 
5 

(a) Clerical and Operating Employees.-

(!) Within cities o:f over 500,000 population, no employees shall 

be paid less than at the rate of $15.00 per week for a fifty-four (54) 

hour work week. 

(II) Within cities o:f from 100,090 to 500,i000 population, no employee shall be paid less than at the rate ot $14.00 per week for a 

fifty-:four (54) hour work week. 

(III) Within cities o:f :from 25,000 to 100,000 population, no employee shall be paid less than at the rate o:f $13.00 per week for a 

fifty-:four (54) hour work week. 

(IV) \Vithin cities, towns, villages of from _2,500 to 25,000 population, the wages of all classes of clerical and operating employees 

shall be increased from the rates existing June 15, 1933, by not less 

than twenty (20) percent, provided that this shall not require an 

increase in wages to more than the rate of $11.00 per week and provided further that no employee shall be paid less than at the rate 

of $10.00 per week. 

(V) Within towns, villages, and other places with less than 2,500 

population, the wages of all classes o:f clerical and operating employees shall be increased from the rates existing on June 15, 1933, 

by not less than twenty (20) percent provided that this shall not 

require an increa e in wages to more than the rate of $10.00 per week. 

For the purposes of this subsection (a) of this Section 1 of Article 

VI, each city or place shall include the immediate tra le area of 

such city or place. 

(b) Service E11iployees.-The wages paid to service employees by 

employers shall be increased :from the rates existing on June 15, 1933, 

by not less than twenty (20) percent o:f such rates, provided, however, that the increase in the wages :for any such employee shall be 

not less than one dollar ($1.00) per week and provided further that 

this section shall not require an increase in wages paid by employers 

to such employees to more than the minimum rates specified for each 

classification according to population as set forth in sub. ection (a) 

o:f Section 1 o:f Article VI, and provided further that employers shall 

guarantee to employees not le s than the minimum rates , o specified 

for each classification according to population as ~ et forth in said 

~ubsection (a) of Section 1 of Article VI, irrespective of by whom 

or on what basis service employees are compensated. 

SEc. 2. Deductions for lodging and 1neals.-\Vhen it is mutually 

agreed between any employer and an employee that lodging and/ or 

meals shall constitute a part of such employee's compensation, no 

deductions for lodging shall be in excess of two dollars and fifty 

cents ($2.50) per week and no deductions for meals shall be in excess 

of-twenty-five cents (25¢) per meal. 

SEc. 3. Southern lVage Di-ft'e1·ential.-The minimum rates of pay 

prescribed in this Article may be reduced by not more than fifteen 

(15) percent in the South, and by not more than ten (10) percent in 

the states of Kansas and :Missouri. 

SEC. 4. Pa1·t-tirne employees.-Part-time employees shall be paid 

not less than at an hourly rate proportionate to the rates prescribed. 

in the foregoing sections of this Article. SEc. 5. Weekly waqes above the m.inimwm, not to be reduced.-The 

weekly wages of all classes of employees receiving more than the 
6 

minimum wages prescribed in this article shall not be reduced from 

the rates existing upon June 15, 1933, because of any reduction in 

the number of working hours of ,such employees. 

SEo. 6. Oonfiict with State l,aws.-When any State law prescribes 

for any class of employees of eith.er sex a higher minimum wage than 

that prescribed in this Article, this Article shall not relieve any 

employer within that State from complying with such State law. 

SEC. 7. Schedule of wages to be posted.-On or within one week 

after the effective date of this Code, every hotel establishment ,shall 

post and maintain in a conspicuous place the mj_nimum wages for its 

employees. 

ARTICLE VII-TRADE PRACTICE 

All members of the hotel industry shall comply with the following 

trade practices : ~ 

SECTION 1. Trade Practices.-(a) No member o.f the hotel industry shall use advertising, whether printed, radio, or display, or of 

any other nature, which i,s inaccurate in any material particular or 

misrepresents the service, accommodations, credit terms, or policies 

of the establishment, and no member shall use advertising methods 

which tend to deceive or mislead guests or prospective guests. 

(b) No member of the hotel industry shall secretly give anything 

of value to the employee or agent of a guest or prospective guest for 

the purpose of securing business, nor shall he render a bill or statement of account to the employee, agent, or guest which is intentionally inaccurate in any material particular. 

( c) No member of the hotel industry shall use advertising which 

refers inaccurately in any material particular to any competitor or 

his prices, values, credit terms, policies, or service. 

(d) No member of the hotel industry shall advertise or charge a 

"day rate" for any room to be occupied earlier than seven (7) A.:M., 

and later than eight (8) P.~I. 

( e) No member of the hotel industry shall induce or attempt to 

induce the breach of an existing oral or written contract between a 

competitor and his guest or employee or interfere with or obstruct 

the performances of any such contractual agreement or service. 

(f) No member of the hotel industry shall secure or attempt to 

secure confidential information concerning the business of a competitor by any false or misleading statement or misrepresentation of 

one in authority. 

(g) No member of the hotel industry shall entice employees of 

any competitor for the purposes of harassing such competitor or 

interfering with his business. 

(h) No member of the hotel industry shall secretly employ or 

secretly compensate for the solicitation of business, public taxi 

drivers, public porters, or public runners, or other similar public 

agents. 

ARTICLE VIII-ADMINISTRATION 

SECTION 1. Hotel I ndust1·y O om111ittee.-( a) To effectuate further 

the policies of the Act, a hot~l industry committee, hereinafter 

referred to as the Code Authority, is hereby designated to cooperate 

with the Administrator in the administration of this Code and as a 
7 

planning and :fair .practice agency :for the hotel industry. This Code 

Authority shall consist of five (5) representatives of the hotel 

industry, three of whom shall be selected by members of the American Hotel Association, and two of whom shall be selected by nonmembers of the American Hotel Association, such election to be by a 

fair method approved by the Administrator, and not more than 

three (3) members, without vote, who may be appointed by the 

President of the United State or the Administrative authority 

under the National Industrial Recovery Act. Within thirty ( 30) 

days after the approval of this Code, the American Hotel Associa- tion shall submit for the approval of the A lmini trator, a plan for 

the selection of the members of the Code Authority. After the 

approval of such plan, the American Hotel Association shall conduct 

such elections as may be approved. 

(b) In order that the Code Authority . ·hall at all time· be truly 

representative of the hotel industry and in other respect comply 

with the provisions of the Act, the Administrator may provide such 

hearings as he may deem proper; and thereafter if he hall find 

that the Code Authority is not truly repre entatiYe or does not in 

other respects c.01nply with the provisions of the Act, may require 

an appropriate modification in the method of selection of the Code 

Authority. 

( c) Such agency may from time to time present to the .Administrator recommendations based on conditions in their industry as they 

rnay develop from time to time which will tend to effectuate the 

operation of the provisions of this Code and the policy of the 

National Recovery Act. 

( d) Regional or local groups in the hotel industry may formulate 

exceptions or additions to or modifications of the Rule of Fair 

Trade Practices et forth in Article YII of this Code, applicable to 

such regions or localities, provided that such additions, e.~ceptions 

or modifications a.re not inconsistent with any other provision of this 

Code, or with the National Industrial Recovery Act. Upon approval by the Administrator, such rules shall, in the respective regions or localities, have the same force and effect a any provision 

of this Code. 

(e) The Code Authority is empowered and et up to cooperate 

with the Administrator, to make inve tigations a to the functioning and observance of any provisions of this Code, at its own instance, on request of the Administrator, or complaint by any persons affected, and to report the same to the Admini trator. 

(f) The Code Authority may require such reports as may be 

necessary to administer this code, in such force as may be approved 

by the Administrator. Any reports required by the Code Authority 

shall be submitted to an impartial agency designated by the Code 

Authority, and not a member of the industry, and shall not be revealed to any member of the industry, except in summary, provided 

however, that such information shall be available to the Administrator upon request and provided further that such information may be 

divulged if necessary to facilitate the administration of this Code. In addition to information to be submitted to the Code Authority, 

there shall be furnished to the Administrator, or such agency as he 
8 

may designate, such statistical information as the Administrator 

may deem necessary :for the administration o:f this Code. 

(g) Any member o:£ the hotel industry shall be entitled to participate in the selection of the members o:£ the Code Authority, and 

to participate in and share in the benefits of its activities by assenting 

to and complying with requirements o:£ this Code, and by paying his 

reasonable share of the expenses of its administration. Such reasonable share shall be determined by the Code Authority subject to 

review by the Administrator on the basis of volume of business 

and/ or such other :factors as may be deemed equitable to be taken 

into consideration. 

(h) This Code and all the provisions thereof are expressly made 

subject to the right of the President in accordance with the provisions or Section 10 (b) of the National Industrial Recovery Act, to 

cancel or modify from time to time any order, approval, license, rule, 

or regulation issued under Title I of said Act, and specifically, but 

without limitation, to the right o:f the President to cancel or modify 

his approval o:£ any provision of this Code or any conditions imposed 

by him upon his approval thereof. 

( i) Such o:£ the provisions o:f this Code as are not required to be 

included therein by the National Industrial Recovery Act may, with 

the approYal o:£ the President, or his delegated authority, be modified 

or eliminated as changes in circurn.stances or experience may indicate. It is contemplated that from time to time supplementary provisions to this Code will be submitted :for the approval o:£ the President to prevent un:fair competition and to effectuate the purposes and 

policies of Title I o:£ the National Industrial Recovery Act. 

8Ec. 2. Exceptions in cases of unusual or undue hardsh-ips.- - ( a) vVhere the operation o:f the provisions of this Code impose an 

unusual or undue hardship upon any member o:f the hotel industry or 

group of such members, such member or such groups of members of 

the hotel indu try may make application :for relie:£ to the Administrator and the Administrator may, after such public notice and hearing as he may deem necessary, grant such exception to or modification 

of the provisions of this Code as may be required to effectuate the 

purpose o:f the National Industrial Recovery Act. 

(b) The operation of this Code shall be reviewed by the Administrator not later than June 1, 1934, to ascertain whether the provisions thereof have effectuated or will effectuate the policy nnd 

purposes of the National Industrial Recovery Act. 

ARTICLE IX-GENERAL 

SECTION 1. Membership in associations.-Membership in the 

American Hotel Association, or any affiliated or state associations, 

or in any other trade or industrial association participating in the 

selection or activities o:£ the Code Authority, or represented upon 

the Code Authority, shall be open to all members of the hotel industry, and said associations shall impose no inequitable restrictions 

upon admission to membership therein. 

SEc. 2. Prohib·ition aga11nst monopolies.-The provisions of this 

Code shall not be interpreted or applied to promote monopolies or 
9 

monopolistic practices or to eliminate or oppress small enterprises 

or to discriminate against them. 

SEc. 3. Prohibition against use of subte1·fitg e.-N o member of the 

hotel industry shall use any subterfuge to frustrate the spirit and 

intent of this Code, which is, among other things, to increase employment by universal covenant, to remove obstructions to commerce, to 

shorten hours of work and to raise wages to a living basis. 

SEc. 4. Ewpiration.-This Code shall continue in effect until June 

16, 1935, or the earliest date prior thereto on which the President 

shall by proclamation or the Congress shall by joint resolution, declare that the emergency recognized by Section I of the National 

Industrial Recovery Act has terminated. 

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