ATTACHMENT G 

Documentation for 2008 Emissions Inventory 

(Supporting data files available on accompanying CD .) 
New Hampshire 2008 Periodic Emissions Inventory for Ozone Precursors 

1 . INTRODUCTION 

This document and attached spreadsheet tables serve as New Hampshire's State Implementation Plan 

(SIP) submittal of its 2008 Periodic Emissions Inventory (PEI) for ozone precursors. Calendar year 

2008 emissions estimates for New Hampshire have also been submitted via EPA's new Emissions 

Inventory System (EIS) for inclusion in the 2008 National Emissions Inventory (NEI). Together, these 

submissions fulfill New Hampshire's emissions reporting obligations as required in its SIP and under 

the Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule (CERR) at 40 CFR Part 51 . The sections immediately 

following provide an overview and summary of New Hampshire's 2008 PEI, including pollutants of 

concern, general methodologies, and geographic coverage. Subsequent sections describe in more 

detail the methodologies and assumptions used in the estimates for the various emissions categories. 

The emissions categories included in this submittal are as follows : 

" Point Sources (Section 2) are discrete facilities which generally report their emissions directly 

via the Air Emissions Inventory and Reporting program at the New Hampshire Department of 

Environmental Services (NHDES) . Point sources usually represent larger facilities . 

Area Sources (Section 3) comprise a wide range of anthropogenic activities that generate 

emissions. These activities are generally too widespread and numerous to be inventoried 

individually; therefore, estimates for these categories are made using available state-wide data 

such as population, employment, and fuel consumption. Also included in Section 3 are NonRoad Mobile Sources. Non-road mobile sources include a variety of vehicles and equipment 

which do not operate on roadways, including construction vehicles, lawn and garden 

equipment, and recreational vehicles. For the purposes of New Hampshire's PEI, aircraft, 

locomotives, and commercial marine vessels are also included in the non-road mobile 

category. 

On-Road Mobile Sources (Section 4) are vehicles that are principally intended to be operated 

on roadways. This category includes cars, trucks, buses, and motorcycles. 

" Biogenic Emissions are naturally-occurring emissions due to vegetation and other nonanthropogenic sources . EPA and other parties will be calculating biogenic emissions to support 

ozone SIP-related activities such as photochemical air quality modeling . NHDES will accept 

these estimates. In the Air Emissions Reporting Requirements (AERR) Final Rule, EPA is 

proposing to remove the requirement that state, local, and tribal agencies report biogenic 

emissions . Therefore, biogenic emissions are not addressed further in this submittal. 

1 .1 Pollutants of Concern 

The 2008 PEI was prepared in support of New Hampshire's SIP for attaining and maintaining the 1997 

national ambient air quality standard for ozone. Therefore, the focus of this documentation is the two 

principal precursors of ozone, volatile organic compounds (VOC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) . 

However, because New Hampshire made a submittal to the NEI, emissions estimates were also made 

for the other criteria pollutants, including carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (S02), particulate 

matter with an equivalent diameter of 10 microns (PM10), and particulate matter with an equivalent 

diameter of 2.5 microns (PM2 .5) . For some source categories, estimates were also made for ammonia 

(NH3). 

1 .2 Methodology 

The methodologies used in the preparation of the 2008 PEI were based on standard guidance and 

procedures. The resources that New Hampshire used included EPA's Clearinghouse for Inventories 8 

Emissions Factors (CHIEF) and Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) . Stated briefly, 
emissions estimates are generally made by multiplying an emission factor times an activity or 

throughput factor. Many of the emission factors used in the calculations were based on AP-42, Fifth 

Edition, Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Volume l : Stationary Point and Area Sources. 

Activity and throughput data was obtained from a wide variety of sources, including the U .S . Census 

Bureau, the U.S. Department of Energy, and New Hampshire state agencies such as the NH 

Department of Transportation and the NH Office of Energy and Planning. The calculations that were 

used for each category are shown in the tables, which can be found in the Microsoft Excel 

spreadsheets that accompany this documentation. Each spreadsheet tab is designed to be selfdocumenting, listing the methodology, emission factors, activity, and other assumptions that were used 

in the calculations . 

Emissions were calculated and apportioned to the county level using a variety of data elements 

including population, employment, product sales, housing units, and heating-degree days. The method 

that was used to apportion each emissions category is provided on each corresponding spreadsheet 

tab of the Excel workbook that accompanies this text. Many of the data elements used for 

apportionment are not available at a resolution lower than county level ; however, New Hampshire's 8-

hour non-attainment area (discussed in greater detail below) does not follow county boundaries . Since 

population data for New Hampshire was available at the town level, this data element was used to 

apportion the emissions estimates for many categories to the irregularly shaped 8-hour non-attainment 

area. Detailed population data for New Hampshire has been provided in the accompanying 

spreadsheet and is discussed further below. 

Quality assurance was employed during inventory preparation to ensure an accurate and high-quality 

inventory. Quality assurance measures included "reality checks" against previous inventories and 

hand-calculation checks of spreadsheet calculations . In addition, inventory staff from the point and 

area source sectors worked closely together to ensure that no emissions were double counted. 

1 .3 Geographic Coverage 

In 1997, EPA promulgated the 8-hour ozone standard and published its final 8-hour ozone attainment 

designations and classifications in 2004. The State of New Hampshire contains one classified 8-hour 

non-attainment area, the New Hampshire portion of the Boston-Manchester-Portsmouth (SE) NH 

Ozone Non-Attainment Area. This area is classified as moderate, and contains parts of Hillsborough, 

Merrimack, Strafford, and Rockingham counties. So in total, New Hampshire has parts of four counties 

classified as moderate non-attainment. Cities and towns that are in the 8-hr non-attainment area are: 

Amherst, Atkinson, Auburn, Bedford, Brentwood, Brookline, Candia, Chester, Danville, Derry, Dover, 

Durham, East Kingston, Epping, Exeter, Fremont, Goffstown, Greenland, Hampstead, Hampton, 

Hampton Falls, Hollis, Hooksett, Hudson, Kensington, Kingston, Litchfield, Londonderry, Manchester, 

Merrimack, Milford, Nashua, Newcastle, Newfields, Newington, Newmarket, Newton, North Hampton, 

Pelham, Plaistow, Portsmouth, Raymond, Rochester, Rollinsford, Rye, Salem, Sandown, Seabrook, 

Somersworth, South Hampton, Stratham, and Windham . As of this writing, New Hampshire is in the 

process of submitting a formal request to EPA to re-designate this area as being in attainment of the 

1997 8-hour ozone standard . Cheshire, Belknap, Coos, Carroll, Grafton, and Sullivan counties are 

classified as unclassifiable/attainment for the ozone standard . 

The tables in the attached spreadsheets show emissions estimates for each county and for the entire 

state . Estimates are also shown for the 8-hour non-attainment area. In addition, estimates are shown 

for the former 1-hour ozone non-attainment areas (i .e . the former Seacoast, Southern, and Marginal 

non-attainment areas) . Estimates for the former 1-hour areas are shown only for continuity with 

previous inventories . Figure 1, which is provided as an attachment to this document, contains maps 

showing the former 1-hour non-attainment areas as well as the current moderate 8-hour ozone nonattainment area. 
1 .4 Inventory Summary 

A summary of New Hampshire's 2008 PEI is presented in the following tables. Estimates in pounds 

per summer day for VOC and NOx are shown for the 8-hour non-attainment area in Table 1-1 and for 

the entire state in Table 1-2. Emissions are broken down into the point, area, non-road, and on-road 

sectors. Tables 1-3 and 1-4 compare the 2008 estimates with New Hampshire's two most recent PEIs 

from 2002 and 1999. Statewide 2008 emissions estimates decreased by approximately 28% and 10% 

respectively for VOC and NOx when compared with 2002. 

Table 1-1 : Summary of NH 2008 PEI for the 8-Hour Non-Attainment Area 

Emissions in Pounds Per Summer Day 

Category VOC NOx 

Point 5,762 24,289 

Area 55,871 6,528 

Non-Road Mobile 33,512 31,364 

On-Road Mobile 35,666 74,352 

Total 130,811 136,533 

Table 1-2: Summary of NH 2008 PEI, Statewide Total 

Emissions in Pounds Per Summer Day 

Category VOC NOx 

, Point 8,722 62,551 

' Area 106,150 12,515 

' Non-Road Mobile 98,345 61,863 

On-Road Mobile 62,652 188,699 

~ Total 275,869 325,628 

Table 1-3: Comparison of NH 2008 PEI with 2002 and 1999, Statewide VOC 

I 

VOC Emissions in Pounds Per Summer Day 

~I Category 1999 2002 2008 

Point 21,698 18,096 8,722 

Area 112,660 136,347 106,150 

Non-Road Mobile 89,248 124,582 98,345 

On-Road Mobile 142,440 105,775 62,652 

~ Total 366,046 384,800 275,869 

Table 1-4: Comparison of NH 2008 PEI with 2002 and 1999, Statewide NOx 

--- 

I 

NOx Emissions in Pounds Per Summer Day 

Category 1999 2002 2008 

Point 127,187 87,667 62,551 

Area 11,514 14,932 12,515 

Non-Road Mobile 93,209 65,881 61,863 

On-Road Mobile__ 248,920 195,136 188,699 

Total 480,830 363,616 325,628 

2. POINT SOURCES 

Each year, NHDES collects emissions information from point source facilities within the state, tracks 

construction and modification actions by these facilities, and monitors compliance and enforcement 
activities . Data collection for the point source inventory encompasses several types of report collation 

and evaluation depending on the applicable air program . Generally, reporting is made via three routes: 

First, in accordance with CHAPTER Env-A 700 of New Hampshire's air regulations, all permitted 

sources are required to submit annual emissions inventories for the purpose fee calculation . Fees are 

assessed on a dollar per ton basis for each ton of pollutant emitted . 

Second, in accordance with CHAPTER Env-A 900, NOx and VOC emission statements are required for 

sources having 10 tons per year actual emissions of NOx annually and 10 tons per year actual 

emissions of VOC annually . 

Finally, most permitted sources are required to perform additional reporting to demonstrate compliance 

with various standards (e .g ., National Ambient Air Quality Standards, New Hampshire Ambient Air 

Limits) . 

Reports for point sources subject to more than one of these programs were collected, collated, crossreferenced and if discrepancies existed, the point sources were contacted in order to determine correct 

usages or emissions. Also, many of these sources have Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems 

(CEMS) or have been stack tested. Both of these types of data have been incorporated into the 

inventory. 

Data for the point source emissions was collected by the most complete means possible: from point 

source air program reporting, NOx and VOC emissions statements, reporting required by permits, field 

engineers, field trip reports, material purchase orders, material safety data sheets (MSDS) and process 

rate information . It is important to note that these reports required all of the information necessary to 

calculate the emissions, and to categorize them by Source Classification Code (SCC) . Reported 

information includes the process rate, the speciation, the name of the solvent, the operating schedule, 

the permitted emission limitation, and any control equipment as applicable. They also include New 

Hampshire specific factors, if developed . 

A reasonableness check was performed on the information provided by the reports . An emissions 

number was never accepted by itself, rather the data used to calculate that number was -reviewed and, 

if accepted, the emissions were then recalculated independent of the point source report. These 

emissions were cross-checked against the emissions reported in the 1990, 1996, 1999, 2002 and 2005 

inventories, and in some cases, against SARA Title III information . Also, when entered into ISteps, the 

in house emissions database, the calculations were redone and any math errors were detected since 

the computer itself does the emissions calculations . 

All of the sources have been extensively quality assured by NHDES personnel when entering them into 

the EIS for the EPA reporting requirement . Therefore, all of these sources have had the emissions 

calculated and verified at least twice and usually more . Most of the emissions entered into the EIS 

were done under method code 9, by which emissions are calculated by ISteps based on the throughput 

and emission factors entered . The ozone dailies were calculated by ISteps which takes the annual 

emissions and multiplies it by the seasonal throughput percentage then divides it by the number of 

days of operation during the ozone season. However, where CEM data was available, the ozone 

dailies were calculated both by the using the throughputs, emission factors and seasonal percentages 

as well as taking the ozone season CEM data and dividing it by the number of days of operation . In all 

cases the ozone daily emissions were similar enough so that they were entered with method code 9 as 

well. 

Point source emissions for the 8-hour non-attainment area and for the entire state are summarized in 

Section 1 in Tables 1-1 through 1-4 . Point source emissions by facility for the 8-hour non-attainment 

area are shown in Tables 2-1 and 2-2 below. A more detailed summary of emissions by individual 

facility is provided in Appendix A, which has been submitted electronically with this documentation. 
Table 2-1 : Point Source VOC Emissions for the 8-Hour Non-Attainment Area 

Facility Town VOC (pounds per summer day) 

FOSS MANUFACTURING COMPANY INC HAMPTON 48 

GENERAL ELECTRIC - SOMERSWORTH SOMERSWORTH 26 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC GYPSUM LLC NEWINGTON 130 

GOSS INTERNATIONAL AMERICAS INC - DURHAM DURHAM 27 

HUTCHINSON SEALING SYSTEMS NEWFIELDS 147 

LONZA BIOLOGICS INC - INTERNATIONAL DR PORTSMOUTH 72 

NATIONAL GYPSUM COMPANY PORTSMOUTH 12 

NEWINGTON ENERGY LLC NEWINGTON 3 

NOVEL IRON WORKS INC GREENLAND 177 

PARK NAMEPLATE COMPANY DOVER 50 

PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY EXETER 2 

PSNH - NEWINGTON STATION NEWINGTON 314 

PSNH - SCHILLER STATION PORTSMOUTH 145 

SPRAGUE ENERGY CORPORATION/RIVER ROAD NEWINGTON 1 

SPRAGUE ENERGY CORP-SHATTUCK WAY NEWINGTON 14 

TAPE-O CORPORATION DOVER 476 

TEXTILE TAPES CORPORATION GONIC 57 

TRELLEBORG SEALING SOLUTIONS US INC SOMERSWORTH 12 

TURNKEY RECYCLING & ENVIRONMENTAL ENT ROCHESTER 128 

UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE DURHAM 32 

AVILITE CORPORATION MANCHESTER 157 

CUMMINGS PRINTING COMPANY HOOKSETT 350 

DUNBARTON ENERGY PARTNERS LP MANCHESTER 2 

ELECTROPAC COMPANY INC MANCHESTER 46 

FREUDENBERG NOK-MANCHESTER MANCHESTER 81 

G&K SERVICES COMPANY MANCHESTER 184 

HARVEY INDUSTRIES INC LONDONDERRY 108 

KALWALL PANELS & ACCESSORIES MANCHESTER 402 

MOORE WALLACE MANCHESTER 36 

NEXTERA ENERGY SEABROOK LLC SEABROOK 22 

NYLON CORPORATION OF AMERICA MANCHESTER 1 

OAK DESIGNS INC MANCHESTER 108 

VELCRO USA INC - MANCHESTER MANCHESTER 211 

ANHEUSER-BUSCH INC MERRIMACK 358 

CORIUM CORPORATION SEABROOK 38 

i FOUR HILLS LANDFILL NASHUA 232 

I GATES MECTROL INC SALEM 154 

GRANITE RIDGE ENERGY LLC LONDONDERRY 77 

HITCHINER MANUFACTURING - WILTON ROAD MILFORD 205 

NASHUA CORPORATION - MERRIMACK MERRIMACK 382 

NORCROSS SAFETY PRODUCTS LLC NASHUA 320 

PARKER CHOMERICS - 16 FLAGSTONE HUDSON 57 

PRIMERO INC NASHUA 15 

SAINT GOBAIN CERAMICS - IGNITER PRODUCTS MILFORD 29 

SAINT GOBAIN PERFORMANCE PLASTICS 

II SPEAR - NEW HAMPSHIRE 

I TECHNICAL GRAPHICS INC 

MERRIMACK 

MILFORD 

MILFORD 

181 

66 

65 

, Total 5,762 
Table 2-2 : Point Source NOx Emissions for the 8-Hour Non-Attainment Area 

Facility Town NOx (pounds per summer day) 

FOSS MANUFACTURING COMPANY INC HAMPTON 1,072 

GENERAL ELECTRIC - SOMERSWORTH SOMERSWORTH 5 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC GYPSUM LLC NEWINGTON 256 

LONZA BIOLOGICS INC - INTERNATIONAL DR PORTSMOUTH 54 

NATIONAL GYPSUM COMPANY PORTSMOUTH 186 

', NEWINGTON ENERGY LLC NEWINGTON 716 

PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY EXETER 35 

PSNH - NEWINGTON STATION NEWINGTON 9,516 

PSNH - SCHILLER STATION PORTSMOUTH 7,917 

SPRAGUE ENERGY CORPORATION/RIVER ROAD NEWINGTON 163 

SPRAGUE ENERGY CORP-SHATTUCK WAY NEWINGTON 15 

TAPE-0 CORPORATION DOVER 1 

TEXTILE TAPES CORPORATION GONIC 5 

TRELLEBORG SEALING SOLUTIONS US INC SOMERSWORTH 3 

TURNKEY RECYCLING & ENVIRONMENTAL ENT ROCHESTER 723 

UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE DURHAM 568 

DUNBARTON ENERGY PARTNERS LP MANCHESTER 98 

FREUDENBERG NOK- MANCHESTER MANCHESTER 93 

G&K SERVICES COMPANY MANCHESTER 9 

KALWALL PANELS & ACCESSORIES MANCHESTER 10 

MOORE WALLACE MANCHESTER 5 

NEXTERA ENERGY SEABROOK LLC SEABROOK 700 ' 

NYLON CORPORATION OF AMERICA MANCHESTER 19 

VELCRO USA INC - MANCHESTER MANCHESTER 516 

ANHEUSER-BUSCH INC MERRIMACK 342 

FOUR HILLS LANDFILL NASHUA 110 

GRANITE RIDGE ENERGY LLC LONDONDERRY 965 

HITCHINER MANUFACTURING -WILTON ROAD MILFORD 53 

NASHUA CORPORATION - MERRIMACK MERRIMACK 85 

NORCROSS SAFETY PRODUCTS LLC NASHUA 2 

SAINT GOBAIN PERFORMANCE PLASTICS MERRIMACK 47 

Total 24,289 ~ 3. AREA AND NON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES 

As described in Section 1, area sources represent those emissions categories that are too widespread 

and/or numerous to be inventoried individually. In general, the calculations used to estimate area 

source emissions involve a descriptor of activity or throughput multiplied by an emission factor . 

Examples of activity and throughput include population, employment, and fuel consumption. The types 

of area sources for which NHDES has made emissions estimates can be grouped into the following 

broad categories: 

" Gasoline Marketing 

" Degreasing (Surface Cleaning) 

" Surface Coating 

" Graphic Arts 

" Asphalt Paving 
" Pesticide Use 

" Commercial and Consumer Solvent Use 

" Bakeries 

" Waste Management Practices 

" Underground Storage Tank Remediation 

" Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Fuel Combustion 

" Accidental and Intentional Fires 

Further, NHDES made emissions estimates for the following types of non-road mobile sources : 

. 

Non-road vehicles as contained in EPA's NONROAD emissions model 

Aircraft, Airport Ground Service Equipment, and Auxiliary Power Units 

Locomotives 

Commercial Marine Vessels 

The emissions estimates that were made for these categories are described further in the sections that 

follow. However, the reader is referred to the individual tabs in the attached spreadsheet tables for 

detailed information on the activity, emission factors, and other assumptions that were used in the 

emissions calculations for each subcategory . Area and non-road emissions estimates for the 8-hour 

non-attainment area and for the entire state are shown in Section 1 in Tables 1-1 through 1-4. 

Note to Reader: 

Table numbers from this point forward refer to the 

individual tabs in the Microsoft Excel workbook entitled 

"NH 2008 PEI Section 3 Tables.xls," which has been 

submitted electronically along with this documentation. 

Additional emissions summaries can be found in the attached spreadsheet in Spreadsheet Tables 3-1 

through 3-16. These summaries include VOC and NOx as well as the other criteria pollutants . 

Detailed area and non-road mobile emissions summaries by source category are provided for the 

following geographic areas: 

. 

. 

. 

" 

. 

" 

" 

Statewide (Spreadsheet Table 3-1) 

The former Seacoast 1-hour ozone non-attainment area (Spreadsheet Table 3-2) 

The former Southern 1-hour ozone non-attainment area (Spreadsheet Table 3-3) 

The former Marginal 1-hour ozone non-attainment area (Spreadsheet Table 3-4) 

The 8-hour ozone non-attainment area (Spreadsheet Table 3-5) 

The former total 4-county 1-hour ozone non-attainment area (Spreadsheet Table 3-6) 

Belknap County (Spreadsheet Table 3-7) 

Carroll County (Spreadsheet Table 3-8) 

Cheshire County (Spreadsheet Table 3-9) 

Coos County (Spreadsheet Table 3-10) 

Grafton County (Spreadsheet Table 3-11) 

Hillsborough County (Spreadsheet Table 3-12) 

Merrimack County (Spreadsheet Table 3-13) 

Rockingham County (Spreadsheet Table 3-14) 

Strafford County (Spreadsheet Table 3-15) 

Sullivan County (Spreadsheet Table 3-16) 
Population is an important variable that is used in the emissions calculations for many area source 

categories . In many cases, it is also used to apportion emissions to the appropriate geographic 

regions . 2008 population data for New Hampshire was obtained from the New Hampshire Office of 

State Planning . Populations by town were used to assign population to the non-attainment areas. The 

population data used in the New Hampshire 2008 PEI is shown in Spreadsheet Table 3-17. 

3.1 Gasoline Marketing 

Gasoline marketing emissions estimates were made for the following subcategories and source 

classification codes (SCCs): 

2501060050: Gasoline Service Stations Stage l: Total 

2501060201 : Gasoline Service Stations : Tank Breathing & Emptying 

2505030120: Petroleum Product Transport, Truck, Gasoline 

The activity factor used in the emissions calculations for these SCCs was gasoline throughput. The 

number of gallons of gasoline sold by month for 2008 was obtained from the New Hampshire 

Department of Safety . These figures are shown in Spreadsheet Table 3-18 . The emission factors 

used for these SCCs were based on EIIP Volume III, Chapter 11, Gasoline Marketing (Stage 1 and 11) . 

For Stage I (delivery from truck to service station), it was assumed that 99% of the gasoline in New 

Hampshire is dispensed with Stage I controls . Emissions estimates for Stage II (vehicle refueling at the 

pump) have historically been calculated as an area source category using gasoline throughput and 

MOBILE6 .2 emission factors . However, these emissions are now calculated using EPA's Motor 

Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES) and are included in the on-road mobile portion of the inventory. 

For the Stage I estimates, MOBILE6 .2 refueling factors were developed and used to reflect the use of 

reformulated gasoline in New Hampshire's southern four counties. MOBILE6 .2 input and output files 

can be found in Appendix B, which has been submitted electronically along with this documentation . 

Total emissions estimates for the gasoline marketing category were as follows: 

Gasoline . Marketing (pounds per summer day) 

Vt'3G 

8-hour NAA 618 

Statewide 1,299 

Detailed emissions and calculation summaries for the gasoline marketing subcategories can be found 

in the attached spreadsheet as Spreadsheet Tables 3-19 through 3-22 . 

3.2 Degreasing 

Degreasing (or surface cleaning) emissions estimates were made for the following SCC: 

2415000000: Degreasing, All Processes, All Solvent Types 

Emissions from degreasing activities were estimated using methodologies found in EIIP Volume III, 

Chapter 6, Surface Cleaning. The activity factor used in the calculations was employment. Data on the 

number employees by county for the applicable North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS) codes was obtained from the U .S. Census County Business Patterns data series. A 20% 

reduction was applied to the emission factor to account for VOC RACT per New Hampshire's 15% 

VOC Rate of Progress (ROP) plan for the 1-hour ozone standard. Total emissions estimates for the 

degreasing category were as follows : 

g (pounds per summer day) 

8-hour NAA 11,279 

Statewide 19,336 
Detailed emissions and calculation summaries for degreasing can be found in the attached 

spreadsheet as Spreadsheet Table 3-23. 

3.3 Surface Coating 

Surface coating activities involve applying paints, varnishes, lacquers, and other materials to a wide 

variety of surfaces, including residential structures, roadways, vehicles, and manufactured products . 

Surface coating emissions estimates were made for the following subcategories and SCCs : 

2401003000: Architectural Surface Coating - Water Based 

2401002000: Architectural Surface Coating - Solvent Based 

2401008000: Traffic Markings 

2401005000: Auto Body Refinishing 

2401020000: Surface Coating, Wood Furniture 

2401025000: Surface Coating, Metal Furniture 

2401070000: Surface Coating, New Automobiles 

2401055000: Surface Coating, Machinery & Equipment 

2401075000: Surface Coating, Other Transportation Equipment 

2401050000: Surface Coating, Misc. Finished Metals 

2401015000: Surface Coating, Factory Finished Wood 

2401065000: Surface Coating, Electronic & Electrical Equipment 

2401080000: Marine Coatings 

For architectural surface coating, the activity factor used in the emissions calculations was gallons of 

paint, which was obtained from "2008 Quantity of Paint & Allied Products", which can be found in Table 

2 of the U .S . Census form MA325F. The nationwide estimates of the amount of paints used were 

proportioned to New Hampshire using the ratio of New Hampshire population to U .S . population . 

Similarly, for traffic markings, the quantity of paint was obtained from the same reference . The 

estimated amount of traffic markings used in New Hampshire were obtained by using the ratio of New 

Hampshire highway spending to total U.S. highway spending (highway spending for maintenance & 

services). These figures were obtained from the U .S . Department of Transportation . 

Employment data was used as the activity factor for the other surface coating categories. As described 

above for degreasing, this information was obtained from the County Business Patterns data series. 

Emission factors for all surface coating subcategories included adjustments to account for the 

regulations New Hampshire adopted to meet its 15% ROP plan for the 1-hour ozone standard, as some 

of those rules contained lower applicability thresholds and thus required reductions at area sources . 

Many of the subcategories involve a variety of industrial activities and facilities . Therefore, where 

applicable, point source subtractions were made to ensure that emissions were not double counted. 

Emissions estimates for the surface coating category were as follows : 

Surface Coating (pounds per summer day) 

VOC 

8-hour NAA 18,784 

Statewide 35,486 

Detailed emissions and calculation summaries for the surface coating subcategories can be found in 

the attached spreadsheet in Spreadsheet Tables 3-24 through 3-36. 

3.4 Graphic Arts 

Emissions estimates for the graphic arts category were made for the following SCC: 

2425000000: Graphic Arts, Total, All Solvent Types 
The methodology used in the calculations was taken from EIIP, Chapter 7, Graphic Arts and used 

population as an activity factor. Since printing and other activities that fall under this category can 

occur at fairly large facilities, point source emissions associated with graphic arts were subtracted to 

eliminate double counting. 

Emissions estimates associated with the Graphic Arts category were as follows: 

Graphic Arts (pound* per summer day) 

VC?C 

8-hour NAA 3,246 

Statewide 5,356 

Detailed emissions and calculation summaries for the graphic arts category can be found in the 

attached spreadsheets in Spreadsheet Table 3-37 . 

3.5 Asphalt Paving 

Emissions estimates for the asphalt paving category were made for the following SCC: 

2461022000: Emulsified Asphalt 

The activity factor for the asphalt paving category is gallons of asphalt paved . During the 2002 PEI 

cycle, the number of gallons of asphalt paved was obtained from the NH Department of Transportation . 

Similar data for calendar year 2008 (or other recent year) were not readily available. Therefore, EPA's 

Economic Growth Analysis System (EGAS) Version 5.0 was used to grow the 2002 activity data to 

2008. The emission factor for this category was developed during the 1999 PEI cycle and assumed 

that 37% of the asphalt is emulsifier and that 9.5% of the emulsifier is VOC . The calculations also 

assumed 75% evaporation and a density of 8.34 Ib/gallon . Emissions for this category were 

apportioned to the counties using the total number of lane miles. Emissions estimates for the asphalt 

paving category were as follows : 

Asphatt Paving (pounds per summer day) 

8-hour NAA 

Statewide 

3,399 

9,276 

Detailed emissions and calculation summaries for asphalt paving can be found 

spreadsheet in Spreadsheet Table 3-38 . 

3.6 Pesticide Application 

Emissions estimates for pesticide application were made for the following SCC: 

2461850000: Pesticide Application, Agricultural 

in the attached 

Data on the amount of pesticide applied was obtained from the NH Department of agriculture . The 

most recent readily available data was for calendar year 2003. It was felt that this activity would not 

necessarily follow any particular economic trends, and therefore it was assumed that 2003 would be 

adequately representative of 2008 for this category. Emission factors and calculation methodologies 

came from EIIP Volume III, Chapter 9, Pesticides - Agricultural and Nonagricultural. Emissions were 

apportioned to the individual counties using agricultural acreage, which was obtained from the 2007 

Census of Agriculture . Emissions estimates for pesticide application were as follows : 
Pesticide Application (pounds per summer day) 

VOC 

8-hour NAA 570 

Statewide 2,210 

Detailed emissions and calculation summaries for this category can be found in the attached 

spreadsheet in Spreadsheet Table 3-39 . 

3.7 Commercial and Consumer Solvent Use 

Emissions estimates for solvent use were made for the following SCC: 

2460000000: Solvent Utilization, Miscellaneous Non-Industrial, Total 

Calculations for this category were based on EIIP Volume III, Chapter 5, Solvent Use. The emission 

factor that was used incorporated an adjustment to account for the regulations New Hampshire 

adopted to meet its 15% ROP plan for the 1-hour ozone standard, and the activity factor was based on 

population. Emissions estimates for this category were as follows : 

Commercial and Consumer Solvent Use (pounds per summer 

vbC 

8-hour NAA 13,712 

Statewide 24,749 

Detailed emissions and calculation summaries for commercial and consumer solvent use can be found 

in the attached spreadsheet as Spreadsheet Table 3-40. 

3.8 Bakeries 

Emissions estimates for this category were made for the following SCC: 

2302050000: Food & Kindred Products, Bakery Products 

Calculations were based on EIIP Volume III, Area Source Method Abstracts - Bakeries and used 

population as the activity factor . The emission factor was based on the straight dough baking process, 

and a consumption factor of 70 Ib/person was assumed . Emissions estimates for bakeries were as 

follows : 

Bakeries (pounds per summer day) 

VOC 

8-hour NAA 70 

Statewide 126 

Emissions and calculation summaries for bakeries can be found in the attached 

Spreadsheet Table 3-41 . 

3.9 Waste Management Practices 

Emissions estimates for waste management were made for the following SCCs: 

spreadsheet as 

2630020000: Waste Water Treatment, Publicly Owned 

2620000000: Landfills, All Categories 

2680001000: Bio-Solids Composting 

2680002000: Mixed Waste Composting 
Emissions estimates for wastewater treatment have been carried forward from historical inventories 

starting in 1996 . The original methodologies were taken from Section 3.5 .1 of Procedures for the 

Preparation of Emissions Inventories for Carbon Monoxide and Precursors of Ozone, Volume l : 

General Guidance for Stationary Sources. The activity for this category, millions of gallons per day of 

wastewater treated, were grown from the historical data using EGAS to obtain estimates for more 

recent inventories, including the 2008 PEI . 

Emissions for landfills were estimated with EPA's Landfill Gas Emissions Model (LandGEM) Version 

3.02 using the latest available data on landfill capacity for landfills throughout the state. Two of the 

state's largest landfills, Four Hills Landfill in Nashua and Turkey Recycling & Environmental Enterprises 

in Rochester, are inventoried as point sources and are therefore not included in the area source 

estimates described here. 

Also included in the waste management category are bio-solids composting and mixed waste 

composting . These estimates were taken from an ammonia emissions inventory prepared for the MidAtlantic Regional Air Management Association (MARAMA) as documented in Technical Memorandum: 

MANE-VU 2002 Ammonia Emissions Inventory for Miscellaneous Sources, Final, dated March 31, 

2004. Emissions estimates for the waste management practices category were as follows : 

nentlF+ractices (pounds per summer 

VOC 

8-hour NAA 985 

Statewide 1,918 

Emissions and calculation summaries for waste management practices are presented in Spreadsheet 

Tables 3-42 through 3-45. 

3.10 Underground Storage Tank Remediation 

Emissions estimates for underground storage tank remediation were made for the following SCC: 

2660000000: Leaking Underground Storage Tanks 

The methodology for this category was carried forward from historical inventories that estimated 0.75 

tons of VOC per remediation . The number of remediation events for 2008 was obtained from the 

NHDES Waste Management Division, Oil Remediation & Compliance Bureau, resulting in the following 

emissions estimates for this category: 

Underground Storage Tank Rem4dotion {pounds per stf 

8-hour NAA 125 

Statewide 226 

day} 

Emissions and calculation summaries for this category are shown in the attached spreadsheet in 

Spreadsheet Table 3-46. 

3.11 Area Source Fuel Combustion 

Area source fuel combustion emissions estimates were made for the following SCCs: 

2104006000: Residential Natural Gas Combustion 

2104004000: Residential Distillate Combustion 

2104007000: Residential LPG Combustion 

2104008000: Residential Wood Combustion 

2103001000: Commercial Coal Combustion 
2103006000: Commercial Natural Gas Combustion 

2103004000: Commercial Distillate Combustion 

2103007000: Commercial LPG Combustion 

2103008000: Commercial Wood Combustion 

2102006000: Industrial Natural Gas Combustion 

2102004000: Industrial Distillate Combustion 

2102007000: Industrial LPG Combustion 

2102005000: Industrial Residual Combustion 

The methodologies for the area source fuel combustion category came primarily from EIIP Volume III 

and AP-42. The activity factor for the combustion source categories was the amount of each fuel type 

burned. This data was obtained from the U .S . Department of Energy, Energy Information 

Administration (EIA) . Data was available for New Hampshire for each fuel type for the residential, 

commercial, and industrial sectors. Point source fuel use was obtained from the NHDES Air Emissions 

Inventory and Reporting program and subtracted from the EIA statewide fuel consumption figures . The 

remaining fuel consumption figures were assumed to apply to the area source category. In the case of 

industrial wood, the net remaining fuel use after subtraction was zero, implying that all industrial wood 

combustion occurs at permitted point sources . 

For the residential sector, the activity data was apportioned to the counties by the number of houses 

that use each fuel type and by heating degree days. For the commercial sector, the data was 

apportioned by heating degree days and employment, and for the industrial sector, the data was 

apportioned by employment. Housing data by fuel type was obtained from the U .S. Census, and 

heating degree day data was obtained from the National Climactic Data Center. Detailed information 

on the fuel consumption and apportionment data that was used in the area source fuel combustion 

estimates can be found in Appendix C, which is enclosed electronically with this submittal . 

Detailed emissions summaries and calculations for each area source fuel combustion category can be 

found in the attached spreadsheet in Spreadsheet Tables 3-47 through 3-59. As mentioned earlier, the 

activity data described above was multiplied by emission factors obtained primarily from EIIP and AP42. The exception was the residential wood combustion category - these estimates were derived using 

EPA's Residential Wood Combustion Tool, Version 3 MV. Emissions estimates for the area source 

fuel combustion category were as follows : 

Area Source Fuel Combustion (pounds per summer day) 

VOC N4x 

8-hour NAA 3,001 6,512 

Statewide 5,992 12,480 

3.12 Accidental and Intentional Fires 

Emissions estimates for accidental and intentional fires were made for the following SCCs: 

2810030000: Structure Fires 

2810050000: Vehicle Fires 

2610000100: Open Burning, Yard Waste, Leaves 

2610040400: Municipal Yard Waste Burning 

The methodologies for structure fires and vehicle fires came from EIIP Volume III, Chapter 18, 

Structure Fires and Volume III Method Abstracts, Vehicle Fires. Data on the number of structure and 

vehicle fires in the U .S. came from a 2009 National Fire Protection Association Document entitled Fire 

Loss in the United States During 2008. The number of fires that occurred in New Hampshire was 

estimated using the proportion of New Hampshire population to U .S . population . Data were further 

apportioned to the New Hampshire counties using population . 
Estimates for open burning of yard waste and municipal yard waste burning were taken from a report 

prepared for the Mid-Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union (MANE-VU) entitled Open Burning in 

Residential Areas, Emissions Inventory Development Report, January 31, 2004 . Because the 

estimates in this report were for 2002, they were grown to 2008 using EGAS . Emissions estimates for 

accidental and intentional fires were as follows : 

Accidental and Intentional Fires (pounds per summer day) 

Vpc NOx 

8-hour NAA 

Statewide 

87 16 

177 35 

Detailed emissions and calculation summaries for these categories can be found in the attached 

spreadsheet in Spreadsheet Tables 3-60 to 3-63 . 

3.13 NONROAD Model Sources 

Emissions estimates were made for the following SCCs and categories, which are included in EPA's 

NONROAD emissions model for non-road vehicles and equipment : 

2260000000: Off-Highway Vehicles, 2-Stroke Gasoline 

2265000000: Off-Highway Vehicles, 4-Stroke Gasoline 

2267000000: Off-Highway Vehicles, LPG 

2268000000: Off-Highway Vehicles: CNG 

2270000000: Off-Highway Vehicles: Diesel 

As described in Section 1, the non-road emissions source category includes vehicles that generally do 

not travel on public roadways. This category includes a wide variety of vehicles and equipment 

including construction equipment ; recreational vehicles such as snowmobiles and ATVs; and lawn and 

garden equipment such as lawnmowers, trimmers, and chain saws. For these types of equipment, 

emissions were estimated using the EPA's NONROAD2008a model for estimating emissions from nonroad vehicles. The NONROAD model does not include aircraft, locomotives, or commercial marine 

vessels; these categories are discussed in the sections that follow. NONROAD model input files 

(* .OPT files) have been provided electronically in Appendix D. Emissions estimates for the non-road 

vehicles contained in the NONROAD model are shown below. It is important to note that these 

estimates do not include airport ground service equipment (GSE). Estimates for airport GSE were 

made separately and are discussed further in Section 3.14. 

Non-Road Vehicles contained in NONROAD (pounds per summer day) 

1Foc NE4x 

8-hour NAA 32,891 26,710 

Statewide 97,351 53,115 

More detailed emissions estimates for NONROAD model sources are 

spreadsheet in Spreadsheet Tables 3-64 to 3-68. 

3.14 Aircraft, Ground Service Equipment, and Auxiliary Power Units 

Aircraft emissions estimates were made for the following SCCs: 

2275020000: Commercial Aircraft 

2275060000: Air Taxis 

2275050000: General Aviation 

2275001000: Military Aircraft 

2270008000: Airport Ground Service Equipment and Auxiliary Power Units 

shown in the attached 
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport is New Hampshire's largest airport. It serves northern New 

England and serves as an alternative airport for the greater Boston area. Emissions estimates for all 

aircraft-related categories at Manchester Airport were estimated using the Federal Aviation 

Administration's (FAA) Emissions Dispersion Modeling System (EDMS) Version 5 .1 .2. These 

estimates were made on behalf of the airport by KM Chng Environmental Inc. and documented in their 

report, Manchester-Boston Regional Airport, 2008 Airport Emissions Inventory, dated September 2010. 

As mentioned above, these estimates addressed all aircraft-related activity at the airport, including 

commercial, commuter, general aviation, and military aircraft as well as ground support equipment 

(GSE) and auxiliary power units (APUs) . 

Emissions estimates for other airports in New Hampshire were made by NHDES using aircraft activity 

data taken from the FAA Air Traffic Activity Data System (ATADS) and the GCR & Associates 

5010Web website. The unit of activity for aircraft emissions estimates is the landing-takeoff operation 

(LTO), which represents a complete takeoff and landing cycle . Specific phases of flight represented by 

the LTO include taxi out, takeoff, climb out, approach, landing, and taxi in . LTO activity data was 

multiplied by emission factors taken from references such as Procedures for Emission Inventory 

Preparation, Volume IV- Mobile Sources dated 1992 and Documentation for Aircraft Component of the 

National Emissions Inventory, Methodology dated December 15, 2009. 

Emissions estimates for aircraft, ground support equipment, and auxiliary power units were as follows : 

Aircraft, GSE, and APUs (pounds summer day) 

1fC?C N©x 

8-hour NAA 443 1,171 

Statewide 655 1,206 

Detailed emissions summaries for aircraft, GSE, and APUs can be found in the attached spreadsheet 

in Spreadsheet Tables 3-69 through 3-73. Further details, including activity and emission factor data, 

can be found in Appendix E, which is submitted electronically along with this documentation . Please 

note that all GSE and APUs have been lumped under a single SCC (2270008000) in this 

documentation (although estimates were made for GSE of all fuel types, a breakdown by fuel type was 

not available). 

3.15 Railroad Locomotives 

Locomotive emissions estimates were made for the following SCC: 

2285002006: Railroad Locomotives 

The activity factor for this category is the gallons of diesel fuel consumed by the railroads . This data 

was obtained by surveying the railroad companies that operate in New Hampshire. In many cases, the 

railroad companies were able to provide fuel use data for their locomotive operations in New 

Hampshire for 2008. For existing railroad companies that did not respond to the survey, the fuel use 

data that was used for previous inventory cycles was grown to 2008 using EGAS . Emission factors 

were drawn from Technical Highlights, Emission Factors for Locomotives, dated April 2009 . 

Locomotive emissions were apportioned to the individual counties using track miles. 

Emissions estimates for locomotives were as follows : 

Locomotives (pounds per summer day) 

YOC NQx 

8-hour NAA 60 1,506 

Statewide 221 5,566 

A more detailed emissions summary for locomotives can be, found in the attached spreadsheet in 
Spreadsheet Table 3-74. Further details, including activity data and emission factors, can be found in 

Appendix F, which is included electronically with this submittal. 

3.16 Commercial Marine Vessels 

Commercial marine vessel (CMV) emissions estimates were made for the following SCCs: 

2280002200: Commercial Marine Vessels, Underway Emissions 

2280002100: Commercial Marine Vessels, Port Emissions 

Emission factors used in the emissions estimates for CMVs were taken primarily from Chapter 7 of 

Final Regulatory Support Document: Control of Emissions from New Marine Compression-Ignition 

Engines at or Above. 30 Liters per Cylinder, dated January 2003 . Additional emission factor data was 

taken from the MANE-VU Marine Non-road Source Category Calculation Methodology Sheet. 

Additional information used in the calculations included assumptions about the amount of time that 

each vessel spends in the various phases of operation (i .e. cruise, reduced speed zone, maneuvering, 

and hotelling) and the engine load factor associated with each phase. The data used for these 

assumptions were based on Commercial Marine Activity for Deep Sea Ports in the United States, Final 

Report, dated September 1999. 

All major commercial marine vessel activity in New Hampshire occurs in the port of Portsmouth in 

Rockingham County. Monthly pilot reports for the port of Portsmouth were obtained from the Pease 

Development Authority for 2008. These reports provided the name of each vessel that made a call to 

port, the date of its arrival and departure, its dead weight tonnage, and the horsepower of its assist 

tugs. These reports provided the activity data necessary to make the emissions estimates using the 

emission factors and operational assumptions described above. In some cases, it was clear from the 

pilot reports that the visiting vessel made a shift from one dock to another during its stay in port. In 

these particular instances, only the emissions associated with maneuvering and the assist tugs were 

accounted for. Emissions for the other phases of operation were accounted for on the days when the 

vessel arrived and departed . For most cases, however, the vessel remained at one dock or terminal 

during its stay, allowing emissions to be calculated for a single, complete cycle of operation . 

Emissions estimates for CMVs are shown below. The port of Portsmouth, where all major CMV activity 

in New Hampshire occurs, lies entirely within the 8-hour ozone non-attainment area . 

Commercial Marine Ves 

VOIC NOx 

unde per summer day) 

8-hour NAA 118 1,977 

Statewide 118 1,977 

CMV emissions estimates for underway and in-port are shown in the attached spreadsheet in 

Spreadsheet Tables 3-75 and 3-76, respectively . Detailed data and calculations for CMVs are provided 

in Appendix G, which is submitted electronically with this documentation . 

4. ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES 

As described in Section 1, on-road mobile sources represent vehicles that operate principally on 

roadways; this includes cars, trucks, buses, and motorcycles . Historically, the method used to 

calculate emissions from on-road mobile sources was to multiply vehicle activity times an emission 

factor . On-road vehicle activity is commonly expressed in units of vehicle miles traveled (VMT). In the 

past, emission factors were derived from MOBILE6.2. For this 2008 inventory however, NHDES used 

the MOVES model (MOVES2010a). Further, using VMT, vehicle population, and other input data, 

NHDES ran MOVES in inventory, mode to produce on-road mobile emissions estimates directly rather 

than use the historic activity times emission factor approach . 
NHDES obtained 2008 VMT from the New Hampshire Department of Transportation and from the 

Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) that comprise the 8-hour ozone non-attainment area . 

VMT were provided by town, allowing it to be distributed to the applicable geographic regions, including 

the counties and the non-attainment area. The MPOs derived VMT using the traffic demand models 

set up for their specific planning areas . Together, the MPOs' planning areas comprise New 

Hampshire's 8-hour non-attainment area. Therefore, the VMT that was obtained from the MPOs and 

that was used to derive the on-road mobile source emissions estimates was specific to the 8-hour nonattainment area. Vehicle population data were obtained from the New Hampshire Department of 

Safety and from the MPOs. 

On-road mobile source emissions estimates are summarized in Section 1 in Tables 1-1 through 1-4. 

As mentioned in Section 3 .1, these estimates include emissions from Stage II vehicle refueling activity . 

Detailed MOVES input files have been submitted electronically as part of the overall submittal package 

for the re-designation request for the 8-hour ozone non-attainment area.