ApprQ ed Code No. 495 Registry No. 1142- 06 

NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION \ 

FOR THE 

STEEL JOIST INDUSTRY 

AS APPROVED ON AUGUST 1, 1934 

WE DO OUR PART 

I .., 

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U.-:>. DE 

UNITED STATES 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON: 1934 

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Approved Code No. 495 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

STEEL JOIST INDUSTY 

As Approved on August 1, 1934 

ORDER 

APPROVING ConE OF F Am COMPETITION FOR THE STEEL JOIST INDUSTRY 

An application having been duly made pursuant to and in full 

compliance with the provisions of Title I of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, for approval of a Code of 

Fair Competition for the Steel Joist Industry, and hearings having 

been duly held thereon and the annexed report on said Code, containing findings with respect thereto, having been made and directed 

to the President: 

NOW, THEREFORE, on behalf of the President of the United 

States, I, Hugh S. Johnson, Administrator for Industrial Recovery, 

pursuant to authority vested in me by Executive Orders of the President, including Executive Order No. 6543-A, dated December 30, 

1933·, and otherwise; do hereby incorporate by reference said annexed 

report and do find that said Code complies in all respects with the 

pertinent provisions and will promote the policy and purposes of 

said Title of said Act; and do hereby order that said Code of Fair 

om petition be and it is hereby approved; provided, however, that 

the followino- changes be, and the same hereby are made: 

(1) That Section 4 of Schedule "A", Paragraphs 1 to 21 inclusive; 

and Section 5 of Schedule "A" be, and the ame hereby are eliminated .. 

( 2) That Section 3 (a) of Schedule 'A" be and th same hereby 

is eliminated, and in lieu thereof, the following paragraph be, and 

it is hereby inserted : 

"Until changed by amendment to the Code as hereinbefore in 

Article VI provided, the minimum rates of pay per hour which shall 

be paid by members of the Industry for com.man labor in the Industry shall be forty cents ( 40¢) per hour except that: In the States of 

Louisiana, Tennessee, North Carolina, Sou th Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, ~1ississippi, Texas and Virginia the minimum rate 

for such workers shall be not less than thirty-four cents (34¢) per 

hour." 

(3) That Article X be, and the same hereby is, amended to read 

a.s follows: 

77600°-1044-6-34-1 ( 63) 
64: 

" The Code shall continue in effect until June 16, 1935, or until 

any earlier date upon whjch the Act shall cease to be in effect. Upon 

the termination of the Code in the manner hereinbefore provided, 

all obligations and liabilities under the Code shall cease, except those 

:for unpaid a ses ments theretofore made in accordance with the provisions of the Code and those for liquidated damages which ma.y 

have theretofore accrued under any provi ion of the Code." 

and provided, further, that within ninety (90) days I may direct 

that there be a further hearing on such of the provisions of this 

Code as I may designate, and that any order which I may make 

after such hearing shall have the effect of a condition on the approval 0£ said Code. 

HuaH S. J oHNso , Administrator for Industrial Recovery. 

Approval recommended: 

GEO. L. BERRY' 

Division Administrator. 

- w ASHINGTON, D.C., 

August 1, 1934. 
REPORT TO THE PRESIDENT 

The P RESIDENT, 

The White H ouse. 

Sm : This is a report on the Co le of Fair Competition for the 

Steel Joist Industry as revised after public hearing conducted in 

Washington on December 11th, 1933, in accordance with the provisions of the National Industrial Recovery Act. 

THE INDUSTRY 

This Industry, like the Reinforcing :Materials F abricating Industry, has developed from a group of Specialists Engineering organizations developing and promoting the use of various types of steel 

joists in this country. This Code is drafted along lines paralleling 

the Reinforcing Materials Fabricating Industry's Code. Although 

the Industry is small, the public has greatly benefited by its activities 

in promoting new products and types of construction and will no 

doubt continue to do so. 

PROVI SIONS FOR H OURS AND WAGES 

Except in the case of executives, those employed in supervisory 

capacities and in technical work, receiving thirty-five dollars ($35.00) 

per week or over and those employed in emergency work involving 

breakdowns or requiring protection of life and property, employees 

in the Steel Joist Industry are limited to forty ( 40) hours per week 

during any one-half (1⁄2) calendar year, except during seasonable 

periods a maximum of forty-eight ( 48) hours during not more than 

six (6) weeks in any one-half (1⁄2) calendar year or more than eight 

(8) hours in any one (1) day, or more than six (6) days in any one 

(1) week. 

Persons employed as watchmen may be employed not more than 

fifty-six (56) hours in any week; six (6) days in any week or ten 

(10) hours in any day. Clerical employees shall not be permitted to 

work more than forty ( 40) hours in any one ( 1) week or more than 

eight ( 8) hours in any one ( 1) day. 

No reclassification of employees for the purpose of defeating the 

purposes of the Act is permitted, and no employee is permitted to 

work more than the specified maximum hours whether for one or 

n10re employers. 

No person under sixteen (16) years of age is permitted to work 

in the Indu try, and no person under eighteen (18) years of age shall 

be employed in any shop. The Order of Approval eliminate the wage districts and r ates in 

the Code which ranged from twenty-five cents (25¢) to forty cents 

( 40¢) in twenty-one districts, and establishes minimum rates of 

thirty-four cents (34¢) in the South and forty cents ( 40¢) elsewhere. 

The order also eliminates the provision whereby the Code could have 

(65) 
66 

been terminated at the will of ninety per cent (90% ) of .the members 

of the Industry. 

ECONOMIC EFFECT OF THE CODE 

The Industry for the first ten (10) months of 1933 operated at 

about ten and one-half per cent ( 101⁄2 % ) of the 1929 peak volume, 

when employees numbered approximately nine hundred (900). The 

present number of employees is about nineteen per cent (19 % ) of 

the number employed during that period, or one hundred seventytwo ( 172). To increase employment to the 1929 level it would 

require the 1930 volume of business and a thirty (30) hour week. 

FINDINGS 

The Assistant Deputy Ad.Jninistrator in his final report to me on 

said Code having found as herein set forth and on the basis of all 

the proceedings in this matter : 

I find that : 

(a) Said Code is well designed to promote thB policies and purposes of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, including 

removal of obstructions to the free flow of interstate and foreign 

commerce which tend to diminish the amount thereof and will provide for the general welfare by promoting the organization of industry for the purpose of cooperative action among the trade groups, 

by inducing and maintaining united action of labor and management 

under adequate governmental sanctions and supervision, by eliminating unfair competitive practices, by promoting the fullest possible 

utilization of the present productive capacity of industries, by avoiding undue restriction of production ( except as may be temporarily 

required ), by increasing the consumption of industrial and agricultural products through increasing purchasing power, by reducing 

and relieving unemployment, by improving standards of labor, and 

by otherwise rehabilitating industry. 

(b) Said Industry normally employs not more than 50,000 employees; and is not clas ified by me as a major industry. 

( c) The Code as approved complies in all respects with the pertinent provisions of said Title of said Act, including without limitation Subsection (a ) of Section 3, Subsection (a) of Section 7, and 

Subsection (b) of SBction 10 thereof; and that the applicant association i an industrial association truly representative of the aforesaid Industry; and that said association imposes no inequitable restrictions on admission to membership therein. 

( d) The Code is not d igned to and will not permit monopolies 

or 1nonopoli tic practice ·. 

( e) The Code is not designed to and will not eliminate or oppress 

small enterprises and will not operate to discriminate against them. 

(f) Thoue engaged in other steps of the economic process have not 

been deprived of the right to be heard prior to approval of saicl Code. 

For these reasons, therefore, I have approved this Code. 

Respectfully, 

AUGUST 1, 1934. 

HUGH s. JOHNSON, 

.Administrator. 
CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION FOR THE STEEL JOIST 

INDUSTRY 

ARTICLE I-PURPOSES 

To effectuate the policies of Title I of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act, the following provisions are established as a Code of 

Fair Competition for the Steel Joist Industry, and shall be the 

standard of fair competition for such industry and shall be binding 

upon every member thereof. 

ARTICLE II-DEFINITIONS 

The term "steel joist industry' as used herein is defined to mean 

the manufacture and sale of any steel joist, which product is defined 

to mean and include any steel beam or truss shaped steel member 

suitable for supporting floors and roofs when used for floor filling 

between the main supporting girders, beams or walls. Steel joists 

may be made of rolled shapes or strips of sheet steel, round bars, 

angles or specially rolled bars riveted or welded together, or by 

expanding rolled shapes, or by any other method complying with 

the requirements of the Standards Specifications of the Institute, 

provided, however, that solid web rolled structural beams or channel 

sections are not to b2 considered steel joists for the purpose of this 

definition or this Code. 

The term "Institute" shall mean the St€el Joist Institute. 

The term "Secrel-ary" shall mean the secretary of the Institute 

then in office, who shall serve as an agent of the Code Authority 

in the exercise of his functions hereunder. 

The term "member of the industry" includes any individual, 

partnership, association, corporation, or other person or form of 

enterprise engaged in the industry, either as an employer or on his 

own behalf. 

The term " memb0 r of the Code " shall mean any member of the 

industry who has signed and delivered to the Secreta.ry a letter 

substantially in accordance with the form contained in Schedule 

" B " attached hereto. 

The term "employee" as used herein includes any and all persons 

engaged in the industry, however compensated, except a member of 

the industry. 

The term "employer" as used herein includes anyone by whom 

such employee is compensated or employed. 

The term "Act " and "Administrator " as used herein shall mean 

respectively Title t of the National Industrial Recovery Act, and 

the Administrator :for Industrial Recovery. 

ARTICLE III-I-IouRs OF LABOR, RATES OF PAY AND OTHER CoNmTIONS OF EMPLOYMENT 

SECTION l. The pro vi ions with respect to hours of labor, rates of 

pay and other conditions of employment, set :forth in Schedule "A" 

(67) 
68 

annexed hereto, ate hereby incorporated in and made a part o:f this 

Code. 

SECTION 2. Pursuant to subsection (a) o:f ection 7 o:f the :rational 

Industrial Recovery Act the :following conditions are parts of this 

Code. 

(1) Employees shall have the right to organize and bargain col- lectively through repre entatives of their O"\\n choosing and hall be 

free from the interference, restraint, or coercion of employer of 

labor or their agents, in the designation of such representatives or 

in self-organization or in other concerted activities :for the purpose 

of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection. 

(2) No employee and no one seeking employn1ent shall b required 

a a condition of employment to join any company union or to 

refrain from joining, organizing, or a sisting a labor organization 

of his own choo ing; and 

(3) Employers shall comply with the maximum hours of labor, 

minimwn rates of pay, and other conditions of employment, approved or prescribed by the President. 

SECTION 3. No person under sixteen (16) years of age shall be 

employed in the industry. No person under eighteen (18) vears of 

age shall be employed in any shop. 

SECTION 4. No employer shall reclassify employees or duties o:f 

occupations performed or engage in any other subterfuge for the 

purpose of defeating the purposes or provisions of the Act or of 

this Code. SECTION 5. ..,. o provisions o:f this Code shall supersede any State or 

Federal law which imposes more stringent requirements on members 

as to age o:f employees, wages, hours of work or as to afety health, 

sanitary or general working conditions, or insura.nce or fire protection than are impo ed by this Code. SEcTio 6. All employers shall po t complete copies of the labor 

provi ions o:f this Code in con picuous places accessible to all 

employees. 

ARTICLE IV-ORGA IZA'IION' POWER AXD DUTIES OF THE CODE 

AUTHORITY 

ORGANIZATION 

SECTION. 1. (a) The administration of the Code shall be under the 

direction o:f the Code Authority which shall con ist of the members 

from time to time of the Board of Direct-0rs of the In titute and 

in addition thereto there may be not more than three ( 3) members 

without vote, to be appointed by the Administrator and to serve 

without expense to the Indu try. 

(b) To the Code authority as so con tituted and establi hed the 

members o:f the Indu try who are non-members of the Steel Joist 

Institute may, if they o desire, elect one memb r by a method o:f 

selection approved or prescribed by the Administrator. 

SECTION 2. The Institute shall (1) impo e no inequitable re trictions on membership, and (2) submit to the Administrator true 

copies of any Articles o:f Association, on titution and by-laws, regulations, and any amendments when made thereto. 
69 

SECTION 3. In order that the Code Authority shall at all times be 

truly representative of the Industry and in other respects comply 

with the provisions of the Act, the Administrator may provide such 

hearings as he may deem proper and, thereafter if he shall find that 

the Code Authority is not truly representative or does not in other 

re pects comply with the provisions of the Act, may require an 

appropriate modification in the method of its selection. 

SECTION 4. Nothing contained in this Code shall constitute the 

members of the Code Authority or members of the Code partners 

for any purpose. Nor shall any member of the Code Authority or 

member of the Code be liable in any manner to anyone for any act 

of any other member, officer, agent, or employee of the Code Authority or member of the Code. Nor shall any member of the Code 

Authority, exercising reasonable diligence in the conduct of his 

duties hereunder, be liable to anyone for any action or omission 

to act under this Code, except for his own wilful misfeasance or 

nonfeasance. 

POWERS AXD DUTIES 

SECTION 5. The Code Authority shall ha, e the following powers 

and duties to the extent permitted by the Act: 

(a) To adopt by-laws and rules and regulations for its procedure 

and for the administration and enforcement of the Code, in accordance with the powers herein granted, and to submit the same to the 

Administrator together with true copies of any amendments or 

additions when made theretoi minutes of meetings when held, and 

such other information as to its activities as the Administrator may 

deem nece sary to eff ectuatB the purpo es of the Act. 

(b) To obtain from members of the Industry, as soon as the necessary readjustments within the Industry can be made, reports based 

on periods of months or quarters, for use of the Code Authority and 

the Administrator in the administration and enforcement of the 

Code, and for the information of the President. All individual 

reports shall be kept confidential and only general summaries theerof 

may be published. 

( c) Under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the 

Admini trator to receive complaints of violations of this Code, make 

investigations and seek adjustments thereof and arrange and afford 

hearings for uch purposes and bring to the attention of the Administrator for prosecution, recommendations and information relative 

to unadjusted violations. 

( d) To initiate consider and make recommendations for the 

modifications or amendment of this Code, which recommendations, 

upon the approval of the Administrator, after such notice and hearinr· a he may pecify, shall become and have the effect of provisions 

of thi Code. 

( e) It being found nece ary to . u pport the administration of this 

Code, in order t-0 effectuate the policy of the Act and to maintain the 

standards of fair competition e tablished hereunder, the Code 

Authority is authorized : 

• (1) To incur uch rea onable obligations as are necessary and 

pr per for the foregoing purposes and to meet such obligations out 

77G09 °-1044---G-34-2 
70 

of fu.,.~ds which shall be held in trust for the purposes of the Code 

and raised as hereinafter provided. 

(2) To submit to the Administrator :for his approval, subject to 

such notice and opportunity to be heard as he may deem necessary: 

(a) An itemized budget of its estimated expenses for the foregoing purposes and 

(b) An equitable basis upon which the funds necessary to 

support such budget shall be contributed by all members of the 

Industry entitled to the benefits accruing from the maintenance 

of such c:tandards, ·and the adn1inistration thereof. 

(3) After such budget and basis of contribution have been approved by the Administrator, to determine and collect equitable 

contributions as above set forth; and to that end, if necessary, to 

institute legal proceedings therefor in its own name. ( 4) Each member of the Industry shall pay his or its equitable 

contribution to the expenses of the maintenance of the Code Authority 

determined as hereinabove provided and subject to rules and regulations pertaining thereto issued by the Administrator. Only members of the Industry complying with the Code and contributing to 

the expenses of its administration as hereinabove provided shall be 

entitled to participate in the selection of the members of the Code 

Authority, or to receive the benefits of any of its voluntary activities, 

or to make use of any emblem or insignia of the National Recovery 

Administration. 

( 5) The Code Authority shall neither incur nor pay any obliga- tion in excess of the amount thereof as estimated in its approved 

budget, except upon approval of the Administrator; and no subsequent budget shall contain any deficiency item for expenditures in 

excess of prior budget estimates except those which the Administrator shall have so approved. 

(f) The Code Authority shall cause to be formulated methods of 

cost finding and accounting capable of use by all members of the 

Industry, and shall submit such methods to the Administrator for 

review. If approved by the Administrator, full information con- cerning such methods shall be made available to all members of the 

Industry. Thereafter, each member of the Industry shall utilize 

such methods to the extent found practicable. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to permit the Code Authority, any agent 

thereof, or any member of the Industry to suggest uniform additions, 

percentages or differentials or other unifonn items of cost which are 

designed to bring about arbitrary uniformity o:f costs or prices. 

GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS 

SECTION 6. If the Administrator shall determine that any action 

of the Code Authority or any agency thereof may be unfair or 

unjust or contrary to the public interest, the Administrator may 

require that such action be suspended to afford an opportunity for 

inve tigation of the merits of such action and further consideration 

by the Code Authority or agency pending final action which shall not 

be effective unle s the Adn1mistrator approves or unless he hall :fail 

to disapprove after thirty (30) days' notice to him of the intention 

to proceed with such act10n in its original or modified form. 
71 

ARTICLE V ~RADE PRACTICE RULES 

SECTION 1. On and a:fter the effective date except as may be 

required by orders, contracts, agreements or bids made, accepted or 

then in effect, all stool joists shall be manu:factured in accordance 

with the Standard Specifications for steel joists adopted by the 

Institute, December 20, 1928, and revised to date as set forth in 

Schedule "C ", or as further revised by the Institute subject to the 

di approval o:f the Administrator. The properties of all such joists 

shall be in accordance with the Simplified Practice Recommendation 

R94-30 of the Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce, and 

revisions thereof, except that steel joists having a wooden nailing 

strip attached to the top chord and joists for special purposes outside 

of the range of spans and depths covered in such Recommendation 

R94-30 may be designed and manufactured according to each manufacturer's standards of size and capacity. 

SECTION 2. (a) On and after the effective date all quotations of 

lump sum bids for steel joists, accessories, and/or slab centering 

materials, including nailer joists and special joists outside of the range 

of Simplified Practice Recommendation R94-30 ( all of which joists, 

accessories and materials are hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as steel joist materials) shall be made in accordance with 

the Code of Standard Practice of the Steel Joist Industry adopted 

April 7, 1931, and revised to date as set forth in Schedule "D" 

unless otherwise agreed as provicled in paragaph 11, "SCOPE" of 

Section 1 of such Schedule " D ", except that notwithstanding the 

foregoing provisions of this Section, all such quotations of lump sum 

bids for steel joist materials shall in any event comply with the provisions of paragraphs 3.1 and 3.2 of said Code of Standard Practice. 

(b) The term "list base price" of any steel joist materials means 

the price for any such material f.o.b. basing point. 

SECTION 3. (a) No member of the Industry shall sell or contract 

to sell any steel joist materials for a less price than his published 

list base price plus transportation charges as provided herein. 

(b) The following places shall be the basing points :for steel 

joist materials and shall be used and adhered to by each member of 

the Industry in publishing his list base prices, except as such basing 

points may be revised by the Code Authority or by the Administrator 

a:fter consultation with the Code Authority: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Chicago, Illinois; Birmingham, Ala.bama. 

( c) Each member of the industry shall file with a confidential and 

disinterested agent of the Code Authority or, if none be appointed by 

the Code Authority, then with such an agent designated by the 

Administrator, schedules showing a li t base price for each variety, 

style and size of steel joists, accessories, and slab centering materials, 

including nailer joists and special joi -ts outside of the range of Simplified Practice Recommendation R94-30, manufactured and sold by 

him and also his charo-es for trucking hereinafter in this article 

referred to as 'price terms', which schedules shall completely and 

accurately conform to and represent the individual pricing practices 

of said member. Said price terms shall in the first instance be filed 

within ten (10) days after the date of approval of this Code. Price 

terms and revised price terms shall be filed upon forms prepared 
72 

'Jy the Co 1 uthority and shall become effective immediately upon 

rec ipt thereof b uch ag nt. Immediately upon receipt thereof aid 

agent shall by telegraph or other equally prompt means notify said 

member of the time of uch receipt. Such schedules and revision , together with the effective time thereof, hall upon receipt be immediately and simultaneously distributed to all members of the Industry 

and to all of their cu tomers who haYe appli d therefor and have 

offered to defray the co t actually incurred b the Code Authority in 

the preparation and di tribution thereof an l uhall be available for 

inspection by any of their cu tomers at the office of uch agent. Said 

schedule or revi ion or any part hereof shauu not be made aYailable 

to any person until relea ed to all members of the Industry and their 

customer a afore aid; pro,::ided that price filed in the first in tance 

shall not be relea d un~il the expiraton of the afore aid ten ( 10) day 

period after the appro-\ al of this Code. The Code Authority hall 

maintain a permanent file of all price term filed as herein pro-,ided, 

and shall not de troy any part of such record except upon written 

con ent of the Administrator. Upon reque t the Code AuthoritJ 

shall furnish to the Administrator or any duly de ignated agent of 

the Administrator copies of any su h chedule or revisions of price 

terms. 

(d) "\Vb.en anJ men1ber of the Industry has revi ed his schedule 

of price terms, such revision shall remain in effect for a period of 

not le s than twenty (20) day , subject, however, to the right of such 

member of the Indu try to file a new or revi ed chedule at some 

earlier date to me t the published price or trucking charge~ of 

another member of the Indu try. ....· 11 uch chedules fil d as herein 

proYided hall be open to in pection at all rea onable tim.es by any 

one havin intere t therein including purchaser and prospective 

purcha ·ers. 

( e) o mem 1 er of the Indu try hall 11 or off r to sell any teel 

joi t materials except in accordance -n-ith uch price terms to which 

hall be added the all-rail publi hed tariff freight charges from the 

ba ing p int on hich uch list ba e price or price i ... or are ba ed 

to the place of cl livery, or if such place of deliY r hall be at th 

basing point, the publi heel tariff witchin<Y charge · pro-vided 

however, that in any ase in which uch teel joi material hall be 

delivered by other than all-rail tran portation, the rnemb r of the 

Industry lling such joist materials may allow to the purcha er a 

reduction in the delivered price otherwi e chargeable un ler thi 

Article V at a rate which hall have been previou ly publyi hed and, 

after approval by the ode Authority, filed with the S retary. In 

the ca e of material being used in the erccti n of a definite tructur 

the freight charo- l all be comput d to tL near t railway freight 

iding but if th mat rial are a tually l liv red to the job the 

trucking charo-e hall be added. In ca e the total of joi~ and 

ac e orie con titut 1 than a earl ad lot, the freight charge 

shall b omputed in accordance -with the 1 than carload lot rate. 

(f) No member of the Indu try hall en r into anJ aoTeement, 

under. tanding, combination or · nc:pira y t fix or maintain price 

terms, n r cau e or attempt to cau. e any memb r f the Indu try to 

cha.n<Y hi pri e t rm b · th t e f inti1.nidation, coercion or any 

other influ nee incon i t nt "·ith th ma.int nan of the free and 

open market which it is the pupose of this article to er ate. 
73 

(g) Each member of the Industry shall file with the Secretary, as 

the agent of the Code Authority, on or before the effective date of 

this Code and thereafter maintain on file a full, correct, and up to 

date list of the names and addres es of all agents or other persons 

to whom such member allows, pays, or is under contract t.o pay any 

commission, bonus, or other compensation ba sed on the volume or 

value of steel joist materials sold, except salaried employees devoting 

their full working time to the service of such member of the Industry. Such member shall also list and maintain with the Secretary, 

as the agent of the Code Authority, a full, correct, and up to date 

ljst of the amounts of all such commissions, bonuses, and other forms 

of compensation as specified in the preceding sentence to be paid 

to each such person, and such member shall in no case make any 

payment of any commission, bonus, or such other form of compensation at a rate that shall be greater in amount than the respective 

commissions, bonuses, or other such forms of compensation that shall 

be so listed, nor shall any such member make any other payment or 

grant any allowance in the form or discount or otherwise for the 

purpose of inducing the purchase or sale of steel joist materials to 

anyone whomsoever except to employees devoting their full working 

time to the service of such member. All lists filed pursuant to the 

provisions of this paragraph (g) shall be open to the inspection of 

any member of the Industry at any reasonable time. The Code 

Authority shall have full power to determine whether any such 

commissions, bonuses, or other forms of remuneration· referred to in 

this paragraph (g) paid by any member of the Industry have been 

used by any agent of such member of the Industry or by any other 

person to whom such member allmvs, pays, or is under obligation to 

pay any commission, bonus, or other compensation as a means of · 

effecting a departure from any published price of such member, and 

if the Code Authority shall so determine, it shall notify all members 

of the Industry of its determination and, subject to a review of such 

de-termination by the Administrator, thereafter no member of the 

Industry shall deal in any way with such agent or other person. No 

contract or arrangement for the payment of any commission, bonus, 

or other compensation referred to in this Section other than _those in 

effect on the effective date of this Code shall become effective until 

twenty (20) days after the filing of the list hereinbefore provided 

for. 

(h) Any quotation, contract of sale, or sale made by any agent of 

any member of the Industry or by any other person to whom such 

member shall allow, pay, or shall be under contract to pay any commission, bonus, or other compensation based on the volume or value 

of steel joists or accessories sold shall be made in the name of, and 

on behalf of, such member of the Industry by such agent or other 

person. 

( i) After an increase in the published prices of any member of the 

Industry, such member may make a contract of sale at his published 

price in effect immediately prior to such increase provided such 

member shall have filed with the Secretary on or before the effective 

date of such increase a copy, in such form as may be required by 

the Code Authority, of a provisional contract with the purchaser. 

Such provisional contract shall require that, in the event such pur-
74 

chaser shall be awarded the contract under a bid submitted by such 

purchaser whereby such purchas_er shall be obligated to a third party 

if the bid is accepted, such purchaser shall J?Urchase the steel joist 

materials covered by such contract within thirty (30) days ( except 

where the requirements of governmental invitations to bid call for 

a longer period) after the effective date of such increase in published 

prices and hall use such steel joist materials in the construction of 

the identified project referred to in such bid. 

SEcno T 4. Estim_ating.- (a) Each member of the Industry which 

directly or thr0ugh agents shall submit a lump sum bid on a specified 

project located in a district in which a quantity Estimating Bureau 

ha been established or approved by the Code Authority and involving more than five tons of teel joist , exclusive of accessories, shall 

purchase from such Bureau an estimate of quantities of steel joists, 

acce sorie an l lab centering materials including nailer joists and 

special joi ts required on such project. Each member of the In- - du try selling steel joist materials in each such di trict shall deposit 

a copy of his individual current price li t currently applicable in 

such di trict with such Bureau, and such Bureau shall apply the 

price lists of the individual member of the Indu try to the various 

items and kind of materials included in th 0 Bureaus e timate on 

any specified project. All estimates shall be kept on file in the 

E timating Bureau and shall be subject to examination of all members of the Industry and the Administrator after contracts have 

been a warded. 

(b) No member of the Industry shall guarantee any quantity or 

lump sum or maximum sales price for steel joist materials required on a project involving more than five tons of steel joists, exclusive of accessories, and located in a district in which a quantity 

Estimating Bureau has been established or approved by the Code 

tuthority except the quantity, lump um or maximum price secured 

by such member from. uch Bureau. ( c) The Secretary shall prepare a form of schedule for the pres- entation and tabulation of the individual published prices and trucking charges by each member of the Industry, for purposes of filing 

with the confidential and disintere ted agent of the Code Authority 

referred to in paragraph ( c) of Section 3 of this Article V and 

with properly authorized estimating Bureaus. 

ECTION 5. Backcharges.-(a) No backcharge or other refund or 

allowance of a claim of any purchaser shall be granted or paid by 

any member of the Industry if the purpose or effect thereof is to 

effect a secret or discriminatory allowance, or an unearned discount 

from any published price. 

(b) tatement of each backcharge refund or allowance for clai1n 

granted or paid by any member of the Industry shall be filed with 

the ecretary in such form and at such time as may be required by 

the Code Authority. SECTION 6. Services.-"'Where any member of this Indu try render , procures and arranges for, directly or indirectly, any service 

whau oever in connection with the sale or contract for sale of any 

t el j oi t material, such member of the Industry must publi h his 

price for u h ervice, file such price, and adhere to all conditions 

111 this Code set forth as applying to the sale of steel joist materials, 
75 

as if such services were in fact steel joist materials; provided that all 

erection services rendered by any member of the Industry shall be in 

full compliance with the labor and other applicable provisions of the 

appropriate Code covering such services. 

SECTION 7. Discownts.-All steel joist materials shall be invoiced 

in terms of net cash within thirty (30) days of the date of invoice 

and the maximum rate of discount for early payment shall be onehalf of one percent (1⁄2 of 1 % ) of the invoiced value of such materials if the invoice of such materials shall be paid within ten (10) 

days from the date of such invoice; provided, however, that any 

member of the Industry may allow such discount of one-half of 

one percent (1⁄2 of 1% ) for payment within ten (10) days on the 

basis of settlements twice in each month as follows: 

(a) On invoices dated from the 1st to the 15th, inclusive, of any 

month, such discount may be allowed on payment of such invoices on 

or before the 25th of such month; 

(b) On invoices dated from the 16th to the end of any month 

such discount may be allowed on payment of such invoices on or before the 10th of the next following month. 

Any discount allowed in accordance with the provisions of this 

Article shall apply only to the invoiced value of the materials specified or service rendered therein and not to any part of the transportation charges on such materials. · 

If any member of the Industry shall allow credit to any purchaser 

or allow any purchaser to delay payment in respect of any invoice for 

a period longer than thirty (30) days from date of invoice, then such 

meml er shall charge interest at the rate of six per c-entmn per annum 

on the unpaid balance, or if the legal rate of interest shall be less 

than six percent (6 % ), at the legal rate. 

SECTION 8. Nothing in this Article contained shall be deemed to 

apply to or affect the sale of any steel joist material for direct shipme.nt in export trade by any member of the Industry within the 

meaning of the term "export trade" as it is used in the Export 

Trade Act, or, unless and to the extent that the Code Authority shall 

otherwise determine, the sale of any product by any such member for 

direct shipment to the Philippine-B, IIawaii or Porto Rico or other 

insular possessions of the United States of America. 

SECTION 9. Unfair Practices.-For all purposes of the Code the 

following acts shall constitute unfair practices and shall be &eemed 

to be unfair methods of competition in commerce within the meaning of the Feclern,l Trade Commi sion Act as amended, and the using 

or employing of any of them shall be deemed to be a violation of the 

Code and any 111.embcr of the Indu, try which shall directly or indirectly through any officer, e1nployee, agent or r epre entative use 

or ·employ any of such unfair practices hall be guilty of n, violation 

of the ode. 

(a) No m mber of the Indn try ha.11 give, permit to be giYen, 

or offer to i ve anything of value for the purpose of influencing or 

r ewardino· the action of any employee, agent or representative of 

another member of the Industry in relation to the business of the 

employer of sucl: employee, the principal of such agent or the represented party, without the knowledge of such employer, principal 

or party. Commercial bribery pro? isions shall not be construed to 
76 

prohibit free and general distribution of articles commonly used for 

adYertising except o far as such arti les are actually used for 

commercial bribery as hereinabove defined. 

(b) Procuring, oth r",ise than with the consent of any member of 

the Industry, any information concerning the business of uch member which is properly regarded by it as a trade secret or confidential 

within its organization, other than information relating to a violation of any provi ions of the Code. 

( c) Imitating or sjmulating any mark or brand used by any 

oth r member of the IndL1stry, when such imitat~on or simulation is 

calculated to or may mi lead or deceive purchasers or prospective 

purchasers. 

( d) Using or substituting any material superior or inferior in 

quality to that specified by the specifier and purchaser of any steel 

joist material or using or substituting any material or any method of 

manufacture not in accord with any applicable law, rule or regulation of any governmental authority. 

(e) Cancelling in whole or in part, or permitting the cancellation 

in whole or in part of uny contract of sale of any steel joist material, 

exceut for a fair cons:deration. 

( f) Paying or allowing or off cring to any purchaser in connection with the sale of any steel joist material any rebate, commission, 

credit, discount, adjustment, gratuity, gift or similar concession 

other than as is permitted by the Code and specified in the contract 

of ale. 

(g) Di seminating, publishing or circulating any fal e or misleadino- information relative to any steel joi t material r price for 

any product of any member of the Indu try, or the credit standing 

or ability of any member thereof to perform any work or fabricate 

or produce any steel joist material, or to the conditions of employment among the employees of any member thereof. 

(h) Inducing or attempting to induce by any means any party to 

a contract with a member of the Industry to violate such contract. 

(i) Aiding or abetting any person, firm, a oci tion or corpora ion 

in any unfair practice prohibited under thi o le. 

(j) Making or giving to any purcha er of any teel joi t material 

any guaranty or protection in any form against decline in the market 

pn e of such steel joist material. 

(k) Stating in the 1nvoice of any steel joi t material as the date 

th reof a elate later than the elate of shipment of such st~el joist 

material, or including in any invoice any steel joist material shipped 

on a date earlier than the date of such invoi e. In the case of lump 

sum ontracts, the invoices of partial shipments shall be at lea t 

pr porti nate to the shipments. (I) :Makin<Y any ale or contract of sale of any teel joi t material 

und r any d ription which does not fully d crib uch teel joist 

material 1n t erm cu t marily used in the Indu try. 

(m) :Makin<Y any mi representation as to the qt ality, quantity, 

orig~n, or oth r material ondition of any steel joi t material or 

s rv1 e. 

(n) Vh r cliff er nt ~t l joi. t mat rial ar contracted for sale 

or bid n at the ame ime or f r the ame job, failure to itemize 
77 

steel joist and other materials as required pursuant to Article V, 

Section 2 (a), shall be an unfair trade practice. 

( o) Submission of more than one bid or quotation whether verbal 

or written to any purchaser or prospective purchaser on any specified material on a definite project, except (1) in the event of a 

material change in the plans and specifications of the project, or 

(2) in the event that such bid or quotation has not been accepted in 

the pe.riod named for acceptance in such bid or quotation, (3) in 

the event of a decrease in the published prices of the producers of 

the raw material in question, notification of which shall have been 

given by the Secretary to the members of the Industry. Nothing 

in this rule shall be deemed to prevent a member of the Industry from 

correcting any typographical or other unintentional mistake provided 

that notice of any such correction shall first be given to the Secretary. 

(p) Acceptance of any form of paper or security in payment at 

more than the true value thereof. 

( q) Any offer or agreement to finance any purchaser of steel joist 

materials other than the extension of credit for materials sold by 

the member of the Industry extending such credit. 

( r) The shipment of any foreign steel not marked in accordance 

with the requirements of the Treasury Department of the United 

States with the full name of the country of origin on each piece; 

provided, however, that this rule shall not hB applicable to stocks of 

foreign steel in the possession of, or owned by members of the 

Indu try and actually in this country at the effective date of the 

Code and listed with the Secretary on or before such date, who shall 

also be notified of all shipments from such stocks and the date they 

are exhausted. 

(s) Entering into contracts for steel joist materials without 

actual obligation on the part of the buyer to purchase any specific 

quantity for delivery either within a specified time, or for any 

particular job or jobs. 

( t) Making the acceptance of a separately priced material other 

than steel joists and accessories in a quotation, or the making of 

another quotation for other than steel joists and accessories, contingent upon the acceptance of a quotation for steel joist material. 

(u) To ship or receive steel joist materials on consignrn.ent. 

( v) To render or secure inspection services ( except regular mill 

test reports) at other than the actual and customary rate charged 

for such inspection services by established inspection organizations. 

SECTION 10. Penalties and d(JJJnG,ges.-Any violation of any provisions of the Code by any member of the Industry shall constitute 

a violation of the Code by such member and shall subject such 

member to the full statutory penalties by the applicable statutes 

made and provided; provided, however, that the following additional 

damages shall be a se able against, and the following paragraphs of 

this Section 10 shall apply only to such members of the Industry as 

shall have signed and delivered to the Secretary a letter substantially 

in accordance with the form contained in Schedule B attached hereto 

and provided further that no member of the Industry failing to 

sign such letter of as ent shall hB denied any of his full rights, privileges and benefits under this code as long as the same by the terms 

hereof shall continue in effect. 
78 

(a) Recognizing that the violation by any member of the Industry of any provision of the Code will disrupt the normal course 

of fair competition in the Industry and cause erious damage to members of the Code and that it may be difficult fairly to assess the 

amount of such damage to any member of the Code or the public, 

it is hereby agreed by and among all members of the. ode that 

each member of the Code who shall violate any uch provi ion shall, 

unless otherwi e specified by the Code Authority, pay to the Code 

Authority in tru t, as and for liquidated damages the sum of ten 

dollars ($10.00) per ton of any steel joi t material or t-wenty percent (20%) of the entire sales price of any contract for ale of teel 

joist materials, whichever is the laro-er, old or contracted for ale 

by uch member in violation of any such provision. 

(b) Upon the corn_plaint of any member of the Code thn,t any act 

of any member of the ode constitut s an unfair practice under the 

Code, the Code Authority may provide for the investigation hearing and decision of such complaint through such committee, impartial tribunal or othen~·ise a it may from time to time determine 

and except as otherwi e in this Article provided the Code Authority 

or such committee or other tribunal may as e s such liquidated 

damage or other penalty or take such other action to refer the complaint to the Administrator or such other governm ntal authority as 

1t may deem necessary or de irable in order to effectuate the policy 

of the Act or the provision of thi Code. 

( c) All amounts o paid or collected under this Article shall be 

used by the Code Authority for the more effective administration 

and application of the Code and may be applied pro rata in the 

reduction of the assessments of all members of the Code herein before provided for. 

( d) Anything in the Code to the contrary notwithstanding, the 

Code Authority bv the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the whole 

Code Authority may waiY any liability for or reduce the amount 

of any liquidated damage impo cd by or pur uant to any provi ion 

of the Code for any violation of any provi ions thereof if in its 

descretion it shall decide th:1t such violation wa innocently made or 

that the.re were extenuating circum tance and that the collection of 

such damages will not to any material extent tend to effectuate the 

policy of the Act. 

ARTICLE , I- fonIFr ATIONs 

1. This Code and all the provi ions thereof are e:xpre ly made 

subject to the right of the Pr siclent, in ac ordance with the pro iion of sub ection (b) of ection 10 of the National Indu trial Recovery Act, from time to time to cane 1 r modify anT or ler approval lie n rule or r o-ulation i u d und r Titl I of aid Act an l 

p cifi ·ally, but without limitation to the ri ht of the Pre jd nt to 

cancel or moclif ' hi approval of tlus Code or any c n liti ns impo ed 

by him upon hi approYal thereof. 

2. This ode ex· pt a t proYi ion required b the t may 

be modi.fl l on the basis of e erienc or chan<Yes in cir"um tance~ , uch modification to be ba l upon application to the dmini trator 

by the ode Authority and uch n ti e and hearino- a he shall sp cify, and to become eff e ti e on his approval. 0 
19 

ARTICLE VII-~:fo'NOPOLTES 

No provision of this Code shall be so applied as to permit monopolies or monopolistic practices, or to eliminate, oppress or discriminate 

against small enterprises. 

ARTICLE VIII-EFFECTIVE DA TE 

This Code shall become effective on the second Monday after its 

approval by the President. 

ARTICLE IX 

Whereas the policy of the Act to increase real purchasing power 

will be made impossible of consummation if prices of goods and 

services increase as rapidly as wages, it is recognized that price 

increases except such as may be required to meet the seller's individual cost should be delayed, and that such increases when made should, 

so :far as possible, be limited to actual additional increases in the 

• seller's costs. 

ARTICLE X 

The Code shall continue in effect until June 16, 1935, or until any 

earlier date upon which the Act shall cease to be in effect or until 

the members of the Code shall excercise in the manner hereinafter 

provided, the power which they hereby reserve to terminate the 

Code at any time after the expiration of sixty (60) days from the 

effective date of the Code by the agreement of ninety per cent (90%) 

of all the members of the Code to such termination. Such agreement 

shall be evidenced in writing and shall take effect ten ( 10) days after 

the date of its submission to the President. Upon the termination 

of the Code in the manner hereinbefore provided, all obligations and 

liabilities under the Code shall cease, except those for unpaid assessments theretofore made in accordance with the provisions of the 

Code and those for liquidated damages which may have theretofore 

accrued under any provisions of the Code.1 

Approv,ed Code No. 495. 

Regi try r o. 1142-06. 

1 Amended. See paragraph 2 (3) of order approving this Code. 
SCHEDULE A 

HoURs OF LABOR, RATES OF PAY AND OTHER Co ' DITJONS OF EMPLOYMENT 

SECTION 1. Except in the case of executiYes, those employed in supervi ory 

capacities and in technical work, receiving $35.00 per week or over, and those 

employ,ed in emergency work inYolving bre.akllowns or requiring the protection 

of life and property, none of the members of the Industry, except as hereinafter 

proYide<l, shall cause or permit any employee to work more than 40 hours 

per week excepting tliat during period~ of seasonal activity a maximum 

working period of 48 hours per \Yeek may be permitted during not more than 

six weeks in any one-half calendar year begiuniug January 1 t, or July 1st, 

resp,ectively. 1o employee shall be required or permitted to work more than 

8 hours in any one day nor more than 6 days in any one week. After the 

date of the employment by any member of the Industry of any employee such 

member ball not knowingly permit such employee who also shall have performed work for one or more other employers to work for such member such 

number of hours as would result in a violation of the Code had all such work • 

been performed for such member. 

SECTION 2. For the purposes of this Schedule the wage districts de cribed 

in Section 4 of this Schedule A haYe been establi heel. 

SECTION 3. (a) Until changed by amendment of the Code as hereinbefore 

in Article VI provided, the minimum rates of pay per hour which shall be 

paid by members of th,e Indu try for common labor in the Industry in the 

respectiYe wage districts described in Section 4 slrn.11 be the rates set forth 

in Section 5 of this Schedule A. None of the members of the Industry shall 

pay any employee, except as noted below, in its employ in the Industry in any 

such district any rate of pay less than the rate specified for such district in 

Section 5, and any Yiolation of this provision of the Code shall be deemed 

an unfair practice. Such rat,es of pay shall not, ho,,eYer, be understood to 

be the maximum r.ates of pay for their respective di t1ict .

2 

( b) In the case of employees performing work for \\ hich they are paid 

per piece of work performed, the minimum rate of pay which each member 

of the Industry shall pay such employee for such work shall produce at lea t 

the minimum rate of pay per hour pro\ided in this Code for the same cl.ass 

of labor at such plant 

( c) No person employed in clerical or office work shall be paid less than 

$15.00 per we,ek, or be permitted to work more than 40 hours in any one week 

or more than 8 hours in any day, except that blueprinting and errand employees 

may be paid not less than 80% of the aboYe sum, provided that the number 

of uch employees paid less than the minimum shall not exceed 5% of the total 

employees covered by this paragraph. 

( d) In no ca e shall any member of the Industry avoid or eYade the labor 

provi ·ion of this Code by contracting hi work to any person subject to labor 

regulations less stringent than those provide 1 in this ode. 

( e ) Overtinie.-Any employee (except watchmen) working on Sunday , legal 

h oliday or beyond 8 con ecutirn hour p r day or 40 hours per week (except 

a p rmi tted herein) shall be paid not le s than one and one-half ( 1 1⁄2) times 

h is normal rate fo r u h o,ertime w rk. 

(f) P rsou mployed only a watchmen may be employed not more than r-:6 

h ours in any week nor mor e than 6 day in any week or 10 h ur in any day. 

(g) A for man who d uring ·la ck bueine periods fun tion a a working 

f oreman ·hall be xempt from the limitati ns of working hour in ofar as bis 

x cnti\- duti r quire. 

(11) 11 ·ag · a<l j u.·tm nt.-There hall be an quitable adju tment of all wa 

bov tbe minimum and to lhat end, wilbin thirty (30) day after th eff cti,e 

at of l b de, th Code Authority shall submit for the approval of the 

• Amend ti. See pa ragr aph 2 (2) of order npproving this Code. 

(80) 
81 

Administrator, a proposal for the adjustment of wages above the mm1mam. 

Upon approval of any such plan by the Administrator, after such public hearing 

as he may prescribe, such plan shall become binding as a part of this Code; 

provided, however, that in no event shali hourly rates of pay be reduced. 

SEOTI.ON 4. 3 The description of the wage districts is as follows: 

1. Eastern D istriot.-Comprises that part of the United States which is 

north of the State of Virginia and east of a line drawn north and south through 

the most easterly point of Altoona, Pennsylvania; that part of the State of 

Maryland which is ,rnst of such line; and tlle Counties of Monongalia. Taylor 

Preston, Uandolph, Tacker, Pendleton, Grant, Mineral, Hardy, Hampshire, · Morga n, Berkeley, Mason, and Harrison in the State of West Virginia. 

2. Johnstouni Di.st1•ict.-Comprises Cambria County and the City of Altoona 

in the State of Pennsylvania. 

3. Pittsburgh District.-Comprises the Counties of Warren, McKean, Forest, Elk, Clarion, Indiana, Somerset, Westmoreland, Fayette, Greene, Washington, 

Allegheny, Beaver, Butler, Armstrong, and Jefferson and that remaining part 

of the State of Pennsylvania which is west of a line drawn north and south 

through the most easterly poin_t of Altoona, except the parts which are included 

in the Eastern, Johnstown, and Youngstown Valley Districts and including that 

part of the County of Clearfield west of such line. · 4. Youngstown Valley Distr-ict.-Comprises the Counties of Lawrence, Mercer, Crawford, and Venango in the State of Pennsylvania, and the Counties of 

Trumbull, Mahoning, and Columbia in the State of Ohio. 

5. North Ohio River Di.striot.-Comprises the cities along the Ohio River 

north of the City of Parkersburg, West Virginia, and the Counties of Belmont, Harrison, Monroe, and Jefferson in the State of Ohio and the remainder 

of the State of West Virginia which is not included in the Eastern and 

South Ohio River Districts. 

6. Canton, Ma,ssalon, and Ma,nsfi,eld Disfr'.ict.-Comp1ises the remainder of 

the St~te of Ohio which is not included in the Cleveland, Youngstown Valley, 

Detroit-Toledo, North Ohio River, and' South Ohio River Districts. 

7. Cleveland D istrict.- OompriEes the Counties of Ashtabula, Geauga, La ke, 

Cuayhoga, and Lorain in the State of Ohio. 

8. Buffalo Distriot.-Cornpri es that part of the State of New York west 

of a line drawn north and south through the most easterly point of Altoona, 

P ennsylvania, and Erie County in the State of Pennsylvania. 

9. Detroit-TGledo Di.St1·ict.-Comprl es the Counties of Seneca, Wood, Huron, 

Sandusky, Ottawa, Williams, Fulton, H enry, Defiance and Lucas in the 

State of Ohio and the State of :Michigan. 

10. South Ol'llio Ri'l;er Distrwt.-Compri. es the State of K entucky, the C~ty 

of Parkersburg, West Virginia, and cities along the Ohio River south of said 

City, the Counties of Guernsey, Muskingum, J ackson, Noble, Washington, 

Morgan, Athens, Meigs, Vinton , Gallia, Lawrence, Scioto, Adams, Brown, Clermont, Hamilton, and Butler in the State of Ohio and the County of Wood in 

the State of West Virginia. 

11. Ind-iooa-Illinois-St. Lou,is District.-Oomprii:;es a ll the State of Indiana, 

except the County of Lake; ::ill the State of Illinois, except the Counties 

of Lake and' DuPage, and the Chicago Switching District; all of the Stat~ 

of Missouri except Jackson County, all of the State of Wisconsin, except the 

Counties of Milwaukee, Racine, and Kenosha; and the State of Iowa. 

12. Ohioaqo Distr'id.-Comprises the Chicago Switching District; the Counties of Lake and DuPage in the State of Il1inois; the County of Lake in the 

St ate of Indiana; and the Counties of Kenosha, Racine, and Milwaukee in the 

State of Wisconsin. 

13. So1lthern Distri-ot.-Comprises all that part of the United States south 

of the States of Maryland, West Virginia, Kentucky, Missouri, Kansas, a nd 

Colorado and south and/or ea t of the State of New Mexico, but does not 

include the County of Jefferson in the State of Alabama. 

14. Birmingham Distriot.-Comprises the County of Jefferson in the State 

of Ala bama. 

15. Kansas City D istrict.-Comprises the County of Jackson in the State of 

Missouri, and the States of Kansas and Nebraska. 

16. Du,luth District .-Comprises the States of Minnesota, South Dakota and 

North Dakota. 

17. Colorado Distri-ct.-CompriS"S the State of Colorado. 

a Deleted. See paragraph 2 (1) of order approving this Code. 
82 

1 . Ufuh Dfstr·ict.-Comprises the State of Utah. 

19. eattie District.-Comprises the States of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, 

Montana, and Wyoming. 

20. San Fran cisco District.-Comprises the Counties of Monter ey, - Kings, 

Tulnr , Fr no Madera, :&lariposa, Tuolumne, and Alpine in the State of 

California and all the State of California north of these Counties and that 

portion of the tate of N ,ada, north of a line drawn due east from the intersection of the Mono ounty, California line and the Nevada State Line. 

21. Los An.gel s District.--Compri es the Ccunties of Inyo, Mono, San Luis 

Obi po, and K ern in the tate of California and all of the State of California 

s utb of the e Counties, that portion of the State of evada sou th of a line 

drawn due ea t from the inter ection of the Mono County, California Line and 

the .r evada State Line, and the States of Arizona and New Mexico. 

ECTION 5.3 The minimum rate of pay, as noted in Section 3 of this Schedule, 

sh a ll be as follow : 

District Oents per hour 

1. Eastern di trict ----------------------------,----------------------- 35 2. Johnstown district______________________________________________ 37 

3. Pitt burgh di tricL_____________________________________________ 40 

4. Youngstown Valley district______________________________________ 40 

5. North Ohio River district__________________________________________ 40 

6. Canton, Massillon, and Mansfield district_ __________ _:_______________ 37 

7. leveland district_________________________________________________ 40 

8. Buffalo district_ __ _____________________________________________ 38 

9. Detroit-Toledo di trict___________________________________________ 40 

10. South Ohio River district_________________________________________ 37 

11. Indiana-Illinois-St. Loui district________________________________ 37 

J 2. Chicago di tricL_________________________________________________ 40 

13. outhern di tricL ______________________________________________ 25 

14. Birmingham district_____________________________________________ 2:7 

15. Kansas City di tricL____________________________________________ 35 

16. Duluth di trict_________________________________________________ 37 

17. Colorado district_______________________________________________ 40 

18. U tab di trict__ _________________________________________________ 30 

19. Seattle di tricL________________________________________________ 38 

20. San Francisco district__________________________________________ 37 

21. Los Angeles district____________________________________________ 35 

• Del~ted. ~e paragra.ph 2 (1) of order approving this Code. 
SCHEDULE B 

F ORM OF L E'ITEJR OF ASSENT TO THE CODE 

To the SEC!RETARY OF S'IEEL JOIST ! NSTI'I'UTE, 

Di-me Bamk Building, Detroit, Michigan. 

DElA.R Sm: The undersigned, desiring to become a member of the Code of Fair 

Competition for the Steel Joist Industry, a copy of which is annexed hereto and 

marked Annex A, hereby assents to all of the provisions of said Code (hereinafter referred to as the Code) , including the provisions of Section 10 of Article 

V, and effective as of the date on which the Code shall have been approved 

by the President or as of the date on which this letter shall have been delivered, 

if delivery thereof shall have been made subsequent to the date on which the 

Code shall have been approved by · said President as aforesaid, by the signing 

and delivery of this lett er becomes a member of the Code and effective as 

aforesaid hereby agrees with every person, firm, a ssociation and corpo·ration 

who shall then be or thereafter become a member of this Code, that the Code 

shall constitute a valid and binding contract between the undersigned and all 

such other members. 

For all purposes of the Code, the add ress of the undersigned, until written 

notification of change shall be filed with you, shall be as set forth at the foot 

of this letter. 

Very truly yours, 

Name of Company 

Name of Officer 

- .Address -- --

( 83) 
SCHEDULE 0 

STA DA.RD SPECIFICATIOI\S FOR STEEL JOISTS 

Adopted by the Steel J oist In titute, December 20, 1928. Effective February 1, 

1929. Revi ed December 12, 1933 

1. D efinition,B.-Any te-el beam or truss haped steel member suitable for 

supporting floors and roofs when used for floor filling between the main supporting girders, beams or walls, shall be known as a steel joist. Such joists 

may be made of rolled shaped or st1ip of sheet steel, round bars. angles or 

specially rolled bar riveted or welded together. or by expanding rolled shapes, 

or by any other method complying with the requirements of this article. 

2. Materials.-All steel u ed shall conform to the tandards of the American 

Society for Testing Mate1ials for structural steel for building designated as 

A9--29. 

All joist hall receive one coat of good paint by dipping or spraying before 

leaving the shop. 

3. Conneotions.-The joints and connections of all steel joists hall be made 

by connecting the members directly to one another by electric-arc, spot or 

pre sure welds or by rivets. In tbe case of expanded joi ts, a portion of the 

metal may be left intact t o form a connection. All joint and connedion shall 

be capable of withstanding a tress at lea st three ( 3) time the designed stress 

and shall be ufficiently rugged to resi t the stre ses incident to handling and 

erection when handled in a rea sonable manner. All intermediate joints hall be 

designed so a to be as symmetrical a s pos ible and in no ca e shall the eccentricity of any such joint exceed three-quarters ( % ) of the least diameter of 

the largest bar connected, but end members may be designed as projecting 

beam . Stresses ari ·ing from eccent1icity shall be included with other stresses 

in designing all members. NoTE.-Experience i::hows tha t the i:;tre arising from careless handling 

i much greater than that sustained by the connection while working at 

full load. 

4. M ethods of D esign a,nd Stresses.-(a) Steel joists having solid webs ~hall 

be designed as beams. The maximum fibre stre s in tension and compre sion 

shall not exceed eighteen thousand (18,000) pounds per square inch. The 

maximum distance from any part of corupres. ion flange to the web shall not 

exceed thirty (30) times the thickness of the flange metal. The web shear 

shall not exceed tha t allowed in the Standard Specifications of the American I nstitute of Steel Con truction publi heel December, 1927. Web made of 

two or more sheet of metal shall be con idered as eparate members, each 

carrying its shar e of the hea r. 

(b ) Steel joi t built up of ba r. or oth er section and those fabricated by e:xpandin.,. roll d ctions shall be ue ign d as tru ses. The compres ion tre se in 

pound - per qm,re inch in the t op chord or 

d . h 1 .000 iagonal a ll not ex eed J 5 000 nor 1 2 

1+1 0OOr 1 , 

when t he 1 ngth, 1, f the member is taken as the dL tnnce clear of welcl or 

oth r atta hment , and r i.· th l ast racliu of gyrntion in th ca.le of dia o-onal 

ancl v rti al memb r and the radius of gyration f t he top ch rd or a ny compon nt part th r ,of. 'Th top hord hall be con id r ed to b tar cl lat rally 

at panel point , by th lab ab ve. The ratio f 1 to r . hall not xc eel 120. 

In omputin th r i tan of j i. t t c n truction load a8 r quir c1 in c- tion 7, th top borcl hall ·atisfy th aclditi nal r quirement tha t it hall afely 

carry the requir d c mpr ion u ing 1 a the di1:,tance between line of bridg-

( 84 ) 
85 

ing and r as the least radius of gyration around the vertical axis but the ratio 

of 1 to r in this case may be not exceeding 200. No bending stres es shall be 

assumed in top chords of trusses supporting poured concrete slabs which have 

a thickness of more than one-fourteenth (1⁄24) of the distance between vertical 

supports under the top chord, but for joints supporting concrete slabs thinner 

than this and joists supporting wood floors, the theoretical bending stress for a 

uniform load shall be computed and subtracted from the allowable str ess at the 

center of the panel. Combined axial compression and bending stress at points 

of vertical support of the top chord shall not exceed eighteen thousand (18,000) 

pounds per square inch. The unit tenside stress shall not exceed eighteen 

thousand (18,000) pounds in any member. 

Norn-This paragraph does not r equire that- bending stress shall be 

figured if a concrete slab two (2) or more inches thick is used with wood 

sleepers embedded as described in section 9, paragraph ( b) and ( c) of this 

specification, nor does it require bending stresses to be figured when a wood 

sleeper parallel to the joist and resting on top of the joist is of sufficient 

size to satisfactorily carry the loads from panel point to panel point. 

5. Span.-The span of joists having an all steel top chord shall not exceed 

five hundred and fifty (550) times the radius of gyration of the top chord in. 

a plane perpendicular to the web of the joist, but in case the top chord con• 

sists of a fiat top section continuous with a center web, the radius of gyration 

of the top plate alone shall be taken. In the case of joists having a top 

chord of steel with a wood mailing strip attached, the span shall not exceed 

one hundred sixty (160) times the total width of the top chord. The span 

shall not exceed twenty·-four (24) times the depth of the steel portion of the 

joist. 

6. Spacing.-The spacing of the joists shall not be greater than the saf-e 

span o-f the top slab or flooring over the joists, and in no case shall be greater 

than twenty-four (24) inches in floors and thirty (30) inches in roofs, except 

that steel joists may be used to supp.ort wood or sheet metal roofs only if 

not over seven (7) feet apart. 

7. ErecHon.-Joists shall have a bearing of at least four ( 4) inches on 

masonry or reinforced concrete, and at least two and one-half ( 21⁄2) inches 

on steel. The unit beaiing pressure on masonry and concrete shall not exceed 

two hundred (200) pounds per square inch, and on steel shall not exceed one 

thousand (1,000) pounds per square inch. Every third joist shall be anchored 

to concrete or masonry support with an anchor equivalent to a three-eighths 

( % ) inch round. The ends of all joists supported on ma::;onry walls shall be 

bedded in mortar. All joists supported on steel beams shall be secured with 

a hook made of not less than three-sixteenths ( 1\- ) inch bar fastened over the 

flange of the beam, except in the case of buildings having a height of more 

than twice the least dimension of the base, in ,vhich case each 'joist shall be 

welded to the steel work with two (2) welds at each end, each one (1) inch 

long, or by means of a one-half ( 1⁄2) inch bolt or rivet at each end. In the 

case of all joii.sts which are not either welded, bolted or riveted to supports the 

top lath or other top clab centering shall be cut away to permit concrete or 

top slab to fill space around joists a nd seal ends. 

All j oists shall be fastened in place and permanent bridging installed before 

any construction loads, except the weight of the necessary workmen to install 

bridging, is placed upon the joists. 

The joists when erected and bridged shall be capable of safely sustaining 

a load of eight hundred (800) pounds at any panel joint on any one joist. 

NOTE.-In all framed structures, the frame should be designed to carry 

.all wind load without assistance from the floor construction. In the case, 

however, of relatively high slender buildings, it is provided that the joists 

shall be welded to supports to give stiffness. In the case of relatively 

low buildings, this is not necessary and it is provided only that the joists 

shall be hooked over supports to guard against accidental dislodgment 

dming erection. In the case of fires, the greatest part of the damage is 

due to the expansion of structural members. In the case of steel joists, 

expansion across the run of joists is of course impossible, and by leaving 

the ends free, expansion in the direction of the joists will be rendered 

harmless. 

Before being bridged, steel joists cannot be expected to sustain considerable 

loads, especially moving loads common in building construction. Loading ot 

unstayed joists may easily result in construction accidents. 
86 

8. Rridging.-As soon as joi ts have been erected, bridging hall be installed 

betw n them before the application of con truction loads. This bridging shall 

be adC'quate to safely upport the top chord again t lateral mo,ement during 

the construction period and shall bold the joi t in an approximately vertical 

vlnne pa sing through the bearings. If diagonal bridging is u. ed in which all 

diagonal member will resist only tension, they s.b...:1.ll not be le in area than 

a three-sixteenth ( t\) inch round rod, and these diagonal~ shall be !':Upplemented by a continuous strut between the top chords of all joi t ,:;:o brid?:ed. 

This top trut hall be equivalent a a strut to a half-inch round steel bar. 

If diagonal members are u ed ·which are capable of resisting both ten ion and 

compression, the top strut may be omitted, but posiU-rn provision must be 

made at the end of ea h run of bridging to hold the first h'm joi t in a 

vertical plane. The e diagonal struts hall be cap.able of tran ferring five 

hundred (500) pounds from each joist to the adjoinino- joists. In ca e brido-ing 

in the form of ho1izontally placed beam or ano-le sections is pro,ided, it must 

be adequate to transfer not less than five hundred (500) pounds from ea h 

joist to the adjoinino- joi ts without appreciable deflection, and it must al o be 

so connected to the joi ts that it will support the top chords against lateral 

moYement and bold the joi ts approximately in a vertical plane. Fourteen 

(14) g-nuge wire diao-onal shall be u ed to secure the bottom chord at each line 

of bridging of this type. Wire may be omitted when a portal bridging is u ed 

which rest.rains both t p and bottom chords and transmits the load required 

herein. 

The number of lines of bridging provided shall be in accordance ,Yith the 

following table: 

Span Number of Lines of Bridging 

Up to 14 feet_ _________________________________________ One row, near center 

14 to 21 feet_ ________________________ Two rows approximately 1⁄4 span apart 21 to 32 feet_ ___________________________________________________ Three rows 

In the cac-e of joists provided with nailer strips carrying a wood deck, the 

wood deck may be used as the top member of the bridging system. 

9. Uses of Steel Joists .-(a) lVhen used in any construction where wood 

joi ts are permitted, teel joists may have a wood nailing strip attached to the 

top chord and a wood floor may be u ed over such joists. 

( b) One hour fire re istance: Steel joists with or without a wood nailing 

trip above, when p·rotected with a ceiling of metal lath and pla ter threequarter ( 3⁄4.) inch thick may be used wherever a one houi· fire resistance is 

required. A wood top floor may be usec~ in such cases. 

( c) T\,O hour fire re istance : Steel joists protected with a ceiling of metal 

lath and gypsum or portland cement plaster at lea t three-quarters ( 3⁄4) inch 

thie:k may be u ed wherever a two hour fire resi tance is required. Joists for 

tbi purl)o e ball not have any wood nailing strip attached ther to and shall 

be covered with a top lab of concrete at lea t two (2) inch thick cast upon 

metal lath or other in com bu. tible mn terial. " od nailing strips muy be emb ddec1 in thi concr te slab if protected on the bottom with not less than one 

( 1) inc-h of concrete. 

( d) Three-hour fire re i tance: Steel joi ts protected with a ceiling of 

metal lath and gyp um r portancl cement plaster at least one (1) inch thick 

may be u ed where a three hour fire re i tan ·e i required. Joi t for thi purpo. e shall not haY any wood atta bed and ball be covered on top by at least 

two and one-half (21/2) inches of solid concrete. No wood nailing trips shall 

be u. ed in urh top lab. 

( e) Four-hour fire re i tance: Steel joi ts protected on the bottom with a 

poured or pre a t reinforced gyp um slab not le~s than two (2) inclle thick 

and otherwi e in accordance with para"'raph (d) above may be u ed wherever 

a four-h ur fir r . i tan i requir d. 

OTE.-T , t. mad by the Bureau of Standards h w that ten (10) 

pound of wood, pap r or other combu tible are requir d for a h quare 

fo t f floor pa · t u. tain a fire quivalent in in ten ity to a 011e-hour 

:-:tanclarcl fir test. imilarly, t"· nty (20) pound of c mbn. tibl will 

pr duc:e n. two-b ur fire, thirty (30) pound a thr e-hour aod about thirtyseven ..,7) p unc1.· a f ur-hour fir . 

In ord r that a lru tur may afely r ;:;i. t th complete burnin of its content., it i nly n C' .sary that all th l m nt of th on tructi n bould 

eaf-,J.r with tand a fire lightly gr nt r than the nnxiruum that can be ur ported 
87 

by its total contents. Usually, a factor of safety of one and one-half (11⁄2) 

'l.s used based upon the average combustible contents. 

The combustible contents of the following occupancies including wood floor 

fini ·h, trim and doors is ordinarily not greater than ten (10) pounds so that 

a two-horn· protection would give a more than ample factor of safety : Dwellings, apartments, hotels, hospitals, schools, colleges, theatres, (except stage), 

churches, assembly halls, lodge halls, offices ( except r ecord storage ) and m:mufacturing buildings u ed for rabricating metal or other incombu tible mate1·ial . Storage rooms in any of the above occupancies, such as locker rooms in apart- ments, carpentry sh ops in hotels and hospitals and record ,aults in office3, 

will often contain considerably more combustible than this and should be 

protected for a four-hour fire. 

Mercantile lrnilding , factories and warehouses vary considerably in combustible contents and a re usually protected for a three or four hour period. No mention is made of the protection to beams and columns which are outside 

of the province of this standard. 

10. D eck s and Top Slabs.-Decks or top slabs of wood, concrete, gypsum or 

other material sha ll be assumed to stay the top chords of j oists laterally but 

shall not be assumed to carry any part of the compression stress. 

Flat wood decks of single thickne s of seven-eighths ( % ) inch material shall 

not have a span of more than twenty (20) inches for floors, or thirty (30) 

inches for roofs, and those made with one and tive-eighths l1%) inch material 

shall not have a span of more than five ( 5) feet in any case. All such decks 

shall be securely fastened to the wood nailer ships. 

Poured structural slabs of concrete, gypsum or other material shall not be 

less than two (2) inches thick. They shall be poured upon three-eighths ( % ) 

inch ribbed metal lut.1.1 weighing not le:ss than four ( 4) pounds per yard tor 

spans not exceeding twenty-four (24) inches and upon three-quarters ( 3/4) 

inch rib lath weighing not less than .46 pouncls per square foot for spans n ot 

exceeding thirty (1)0) inches. The ribs of rib lath shall not be more than 

six (6) inches on centers. Other incornbu tible material at least equivalent 

in strength and stiffness may be used in place of lath. This lath or other 

centering shall be attached by substantial clips or soft wood wedges to the top 

chord of each j oist at intervals of not over eight (8) inches. When no wooden 

top fl oor is to be placed over such slabs, tbey shall be adequa tely reinforced 

wlth mesh or rods in addition to the lath to safely r esist both positive and 

negative bending with due allowance for probable load concentrations. 

oTE.-I-o material should be used a centering for the top slab which 

must be stretched across the top chord of joists or which will exert an 

undu lateral pull on the top chords of the joists dming the pouring of 

conc1·ete. 

11. D ef[,ection.-The d fl.e ction due to the. designed live load shall not exceed 

oue thl'ee lnmd1ed and ; ixtietll (l / '.., 60) of the span. The pDrmanent deflection 

r e nltiug fron1 h ,atling a finit-hed floor to twice the designed li ve load for 

twelve (1~) hours i:;hall not exceed twenty (20) percent of the total deflection 

for this load. 12. J-'uc;ior of sc;.fety.--The maximum total load at failure shall not be less 

than t\\·o (2) times tl.J~ total designed load of joists as computed by using 

th8 stresses permitted Lereiu when tested with bridging and top slab using a 

uniform load. 

1\o'lE.-Steel joi rs nre not intended to act as structural members except 

as temporary su1ipo rt.iug members during construction. With steel j oists 

ju t as in the a ·e 0f wood j oists, the lateral support of the top d~k is 

an e ·seu tial element of construction. The performance of a steel j oist 

floor construction can only be determined by applying the top deck and 

t esting with a unifo rm load. Concrete decks of quick setting cement can 

be tested at the end of 24 hours. 
SCHEDULED 

CooE OF STANDARD PRACTICE OF THID STEEL J or T I?,&TITUTID 

Adopted April 7, Hl31. Revised DecPJnber 12, Hl33 

SECTION 1. GENERAL 

1.1. Scope.-The practices and customs conta ined in this code are in 

nccorda nce with good enginee ring practice, tend to secure safety in steel joist 

con truction, and are st,rnda rd within the industry. This code is made a part 

of every contract between the Buyer and Seller uf steel joists and ac ·essories 

thereto unless specific provision to the contrary is made. This code contemplates the Seller as a company manufacturing steel joists but without any 

responsibilities in the matter of erecting them. Whenever the Seller shall 

contract to erect the joists he shall assume the usual obligations of a subcontractor in addition to the obligation set forth herein. 

1.2. Applicat'ion.-Tbis Code of Standard Practice is to govern as a standard 

in those case where the proYisions of building codes, architects' and engineers' 

plans and specifications, or contracts are not complete or clear. There shaH 

be no conflict between this code and any legal building regulation; this Code 

shall only supplement a nd amplify such laws. 

1.3. D esign.-In the absence of ordinances or specifications to the contrary, 

all designs shall be in accordance with the Standard Specifications of the Steel 

Joist Institute adopted December 20, 1!>28, and as subsequently amended, and 

all stresses hall be in accordance with the late t Standard S1 ecification of the 

American Institute of Steel Construction. - 1.4. Plans for Bidditi1y.-Plans to serve as a basis for bids shall be complete 

as to location of all bearing walls, steel and concrete supporting members, floor 

openings, partitions and other dead loads, and the material and thickness of 

floor or r oof de<:k and ceiling shall be specified. 

1.5. R espon,s,ibi,Uty for D esign and, Erection.-When details of design are specified the Seller shall assume no respon ibility other than to furni b all ste-el 

j oist materia ls specified. When details of design are not specified the Seller 

sha 11 furnish all materials r equired in this Code. In neither case , hall the 

Seller a ssume any respon:sil;ility for_ the erection of tbe materials furni bed. 

SEOTION 2. APPLIOATICiN 

When the floor or roof deck is of concrete, all joists furnished shall be 

f abri cated entirely of ste 1 and shall conform to the standards of the Steel 

J oi. t Institute a nd United States Department of Commerce Simplified Practice 

Recommendation No. R 94-30. ·when the floor or roof deck is of wood or sheet 

metal, steel joi. ts having a wood nailing strip attached may be provided. (The 

Institute has e tabli he<l no standards for such joists.) 

SEOTION 3. ESTIMATING 

3.1. Complet Plans and Specifi,cati ons.-When plans a re complete as to all 

material · requir d, estimates shall include such of the following items as 

a re p cified and no others, a nd sha ll he quoted a s estima te on j oists and 

a cce .·ori s: 

Joi t.. 

Ceiling- xt n ·ions if n ce ary for properly supporting c iling la th. 

Bridging. 

Wall nnd b am an ·hor . J i ·t bearing plat . if necessary. Mat rial. for frnrnino- a ll v ning not exce 'ling four ( 4 ) feet at righ t 

angl to run of joi:t unle s thcrwise ,ped fied. Beveled pla tes or 

oth r mean of atta ·hm~nt Jor r of or r amp ra kes. 

(88 ) 
89 

The following shall be quoted as separate items: 

Top lath or other permanent centering for concrete decks. 

Top lath clips. 

Screed chairs if to be attached to joists. 

Clamps to hold metal decking against wind uplift and stay top chords of 

joists when metal decks are to be supported on steel joists, unless 

specified to be furnished by seller of deck. 

When the following items are specified they may be estimated but shall be 

quoted as a separate item: 

Ceiling lath. 

Clips for attaching ceiling lath. 

3.2. b1complete Plans and Specifi,cations.-When plans and specifications are 

incomplete in any particular, estimate shall include su h material as is required 

by the provisions of paragraphs 3.3 to 3.9 and estimates shall be segregated and 

quoted as required in paragraph 3.1. 

3.3. Joists, Location and Spacing.-All joists shall be designed according to 

the Steel Joist Institute Standards and the ma.."'II:imum spacing shall not exceed 

the requirements of the Standard Specifications of the Steel Joist Institute. 

Also the spacing sl1all not be greater than that which will give a calculated 

total carrying capacity at least equal to that r equired in this section. In all 

cases there shall be one typical joist not more than four ( 4) inches in the 

clear from each end wall or other self-supporting walls parallel to run of 

joists. Where partitions extend parallel to run of joists there shall be at 

least one typical joist provided under each such partition and more than one 

such joist shall be ~provided if necessary to safely support the weight of such 

partition and tbe adj acent floor less the live load on a strip of floor one foot 

in width. Where partitions extend across run of joists their weight shall be 

included in the dead load as r equired in paragraph 3.9. In spacing joists, tie 

beams in steel frame buildings shall not be considered as taking the place 

of a joist unless the resisting moment of the tie beam is at least as great as 

that of a typical joist. 

3.4. Bridging.-All bridging shall be a bridging complying with the Standard 

Specifications of the Steel Joist Institute. No estimate shall be oased upon 

wire bridging. 

3.5. Floor LMh.-Tbe amount of lath estimated, shall be 15 percent more than 

the total urea of fl oors and roof within walls after deducting all openings in 

excess of 100 square feet in area. The lath shall meet the Standard Specifications of the Steel Joist Institute. Enough lath clips shall be estimated to 

attach lath at intervals of eight inches on each j oist. 

3.6. Ceiling Lath.-No ceiling lath shall be included in estimate unless it is 

definitely specified, in which case it shall be quoted as required by the Metal 

Lath Code. 

3.7. Temperat1tre Reinforaing.-Wbere wood finished floors are specified, no 

temperature steel shall be included in estimate unless specified. For all other 

types of :floor finish temperature steel equivalent to 1⁄4 inch rounds 12 inches on 

centers both perpendicular and parallel to run of joists shall be provided, or 

mesh of equivalent sectional area. 

3.8. Special Details.-Tbe following items shall not be estimated: 

Frame materials for openings more than 4 feet wide at right angles to run of 

joists. All such framing shall be in structural steel. • 

Shelf angles and clip .angles required on steel work for support of joists. 

3.9. Loads.-The loads to be used in designs shall be not less than the following and in no case less than the actual load when such load is definitely known. 

Dead load.-Joists, actual weight but not less than 3 pounds per square foot 

of floor area. 

Concrete floors, 12 pound per inch of thickness per square foot of floor area. 

Ceiling not less than 9 pound per square foot of floor a rea. Wood floor finish not le. s than 3 pounds per . quare foot of floor area. 

Any pccial dead load fo r machinery, pipes or other details ball be included 

as specified by a rchitect. 

PartitiorvS.-Tlle wei;zht of partitions shown u1 on plans shall be taken as 

foll ows in pound· per uquare foo t: 

Not plastered 3 inch tile ___________________________________________ 16 

4 " " - ------- - ------- ----------------------------- 18 

6 " " 

Plastered 

24 

26 

33 
90 

Not plastered 

3 in ·h gypsum ------------------------- --------------- 12 

Plastered 

4 " " - -------------------- ---- --------------- 16 

6 " " ---------------------------------------- 2-!: 4 " brick _____________ __ ____ ________ _________________ 40 

" " -------------------------------------------- so 

24 

24 

32 

48 

88 

,vood ~tud ---------------- ---------------------------- " " 

(Wood lath) 12 

(Metal lath) 18 

When partition are not llefinitely , hown on plans the following loads in 

pouncl per square foot of floor area slrnll be u ed for the purposes of making 

e timat : 

'c:bools, <:l1urche., theat1eR, an litoriurns. garages one. 

Avartment , resicl nc: ·, pari ·h hou<.: s an l similar buildings. 15 pounds 

per quar foot. 

Office , hot ls, ho. pitals, a !"ylnmR, college dormitories and similar building·. 20 pound 11er square foot. 

Live load .- LiYe loacls us •cl in c1csi 0 n shall \Je in accordance with architect's 

specification, loca l or state regulations. In ab. ence of all these the minimum 

live load used shall b<=> a. follo\\' ·: 

Pounds 

Apartments---------------------------------------------------------- 40 

Assembly halls ( fixed sea ts)------------------------------------------ 80 

Assembly halls (mornble seats)_______________________________________ 125 

Attics (not used for habitation or storage)--------------------------- 30 

Churches (fixed seats) ----------------------------------------------- 80 

Churches (movable seats)-------------------------------------------- 12:3 

Dance and Drill halls________________________________________________ 150 

Dwellings -------- --------------------------------------------------- 40 

Garages (The joists in garage floors shall not be spaced more than 18 

inches apart and the t p lab shall not be le than 3 inches thick)___ 125 

Hospital., asylums, convents and detention buildings (be<l and liYing 

room floors)__________ _____________________________________________ 40 

Same (public pa e, fir t floors and corridors)------------------------- 80 

Hotels and clubs (livino- r oom tloors) ________________________________ 40 

Hotel and clubs (first floor., corridors, and dining rooms)____________ 80 

Municipal buildings, county buildings, court houses, libraries, museums, 

( corridors and pub-lie rooms)--------------------------------------- 100 

Sa1ue (private offic s)_____ ______ ____________________________________ 50 

Office building ( first floor)------------------------------------------ 100 

Offic buildings (private offices)------------------------------------- 50 

Restaurants------------------- -------------------------------------- 80 

Schools (- chool rooms, fixed eats)___________________________________ 50 

Schools ( corridors, entrances, roows ,Yithout fixed seats)______________ 0 

Stor ---------------- ----------------------------------------------- 100 Theatres (auditorium)_______________________________________________ 80 

Mercantile, manufacturing and storage building should not be 

estimated without data a to probable loads, but in no ca e shall the 

load be taken nt less than 100 pound·. Roof south of latitude 37°__________________________________________ 20 

Betwe n latitude 37° ana 45° ---------------------------------------- 30 

North of latitude 4- 0 ------------------------------------------------- 40 

Except that in hi 0 h altitude the loads shall be taken as ten pounds 

gr at r than as giv n above. 

SE TI N 4. DR, 'i.WINGS A.rm SPECIFIC.\TIONS 

4.1. J>l an.<? Furnished u11 Bu!fer.-Th Buy r hall furnish th Her a set of 

plan . howin" th layout f all ,Yall , columnR, b am , girder. and ther upport. , a. well a · , 11 floor pcniug and partitions rr tly li.m nsioned. The 

li,e load. to b a.·sumed, tll w ight of partition and the location and amount 

of any i::p cial lo, els suc·h a fan._ , blow rs tnnl· , t ., , lrnll be indicn.t d. The 

l evel of finLhed flo r · an d roof a nd th level of a ll joi ·t. b arincr hall b h wn. 

4.2. Plans F'Krnishcd UIJ ' ·U r.--Tb 'ell 'r llall furni. h to the Buy r cl ta iled 

plans sh win~ th• Joe .. tion of all jui. ts with joLt.· m~ rkccl to one ·pond to 

Lill of m, tcrial and lo th ta"'s upon th joi tR. All nee a ry details and 

not shall l>e u11plied t<J how the prop.er installation of bridging, beam a:i;id 
91 

wall anchors, ceiling exten ions, bearing plates, lath clips, screed clips and 

temperature steel. 

. 4.3. Di-Ycrevarwies.-The Architect's plans will be assumed to be correct 

m absence of written notice from Buyer to the contrary. When detailed steel 

or concrete plans are furnished by Buyer which do not agree with Architect's 

plans, such detailed plans shall be con~ictered as a written notice of change of 

plan . 

4.4 . .Approval.-The detailed plans prepared by the Seller shall be submitted 

to the Bu.rer for approval, unless Buyer instructs Seller to submit same 

directly to Architect. 'l'he Buyer ( or Architect) shall return one copy of 

plan marked with his app:rnval or with such corrections as he may deem 

ne<:e · ary. Th plans ·ha ll be rorrected by the Seller if nece ·ary, and returned to the Buyer for final approval. The Seller shall not proceed with 

shop work until plans are finally approved by Buyer ( or Arc:hitect). 'l'iie 

Seller sllall furnish to the Buyer as many blue prints of detailed plans as 

may be reasonably necessary, out the tracings hall r emain the property of 

the Seller. 

4.5. GhGlliges by Buyer After Avvrnval.-When any changes in plans are 

made by Buyer after approval of detailed drawings or any extra materials 

are required not shown on such drawings, the cost of such changes and/or 

extra materials shall be paid by the Buyer at a price to be agreed upon 

between Buyer and Seller at the time such changes and/or extra materials 

are ordered. 

SECTION 5 . MATERIALS 

5.1. (}rade of Steel shall comply with the requirements of the Standard 

Specifications of the Steel J oist Institute. 

5.2. Joists shall be of any type meeting the requirements of the Standard 

Specifications of the Steel Joi. t Institute and shall be a Standard Joist as 

given in the Loading '1.'able of the Steel Joist Institute. · 5.3 . .Maximwn L engths.-Joists shall not have a span exceeding twenty-four 

(24) times their depth. 

5.4. Bridging shall be of a type meeting the requirements of the Standard 

Specifications of the Steel J oist Institute. Wire bridging shall not be used. 

5.5. Anchors for walls and beams shall comply with the Standard Specifications of the Steel Joist Institute in size and number. 

5.6. Bearing of Joists shall not be less than 21⁄2 inches net on steel and 4 

inches net on ma onry. Bearing plate shall be provic1etl if neces ary to reduce 

the unit bearing pressure on masonry to not more than 200 pounds per square 

inch. 

5.7. Geili.ng Extensions.-Wbenever a ceiling is to be attached to the bottom 

chord of joi ts, a furring extension rocl or unit shall be provided for each end 

of each joi t when necessary to properly support ceiling. 

5.8. H eaders.-Floor and roof opeuings not exceeding 4 feet in width measured at right angles to run of joi::,ts shall be framed with beam, angle, or channel headers of ample strength to support joist reactions. Such header beams, 

angles or chann ls, together with nece sary bolts, clips or other deYices for 

securing same to trimmer joist as well as to joists supported, shall be furnished 

by Seller. When the reaction from ·uch headers exceeds 400 pounds, the load 

shall be transmitted to the trimmer joist without r elying upon bending in top 

or bottom chord. 

5.9. Pa-int.-All joists, before shipment, shall be given one coat of good paint 

by dipping or spraying. The base of uch paint shall be an asphaltic bitumen 

containing not over 10% of carbon pigment and not over 10% of saponifiable 

material. The paint shall dry to a firm, elastic film before joists are loaded 

for bipment and shall not often sufficiently to drip at 120° F. 

5.10. Inspection.-The Seller shnll inspect all joists at time of fab1ication 

and shall be responsible as to accuracy of size, span, assembly and the sufficiency of welding. All other in pection work shall be at the expense of the 

Buyer and shall be performed at the Seller's place of manufacture. 

SECTION 6 . EREOTION 

6.1. The Seller shall not perfonn the work of erecting joists or accessories 

and shall not be responsible for the safety of beams, columns, walls, or other 

supporting members. 
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6.2. The Seller shall not be responsible for the actual dimensions of construc- tion work in field, but shall be re ponsible for the accurate fabrication of joi t 

materials in accordance with Architect's plans or any changed plans furnished . by Buyer before final approval of shop drawings. 

6.3. The Seller shall furnish to Buyer proper instructions relative to methods 

of erection, bridging and anchoring of joists ancl the Buyer sLall be responsible 

for the correct execution of such instructions. 

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