1

United States Office Of Air Quality EPA-454/N-94-010

Environmental Protection Planning And Standards Volume V, Nos. 2/3

Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 Spring/Summer 1994

THE CHIEF N E W S L E T T E R

— THE CLEARINGHOUSE FOR INVENTORIES AND EMISSION FACTORS —

DON'T MISS IT!

The Emission Inventory: Applications And Improvement

International Conference And Courses

Raleigh, NC — Conference: November 1-3, 1994 — Courses: October 31, 1994

Sponsored by: Air & Waste Management Association and U. S. Environmental Protection Agency

General Conference Cochairs: J. David Mobley and Larry G. Jones

The conference will address the development, uses and improvement of emission inventories, and will focus on evolving

 methods and issues in the inventory development process.

For more information, contact the A&WMA Registrar at (412) 232-3444.

THE ANNUAL EMISSION TRENDS REPORTS

The third annual emission trends report was released in

October 1993. National Air Pollutant Emission Trends, 1900

- 1992, EPA-454/R-93-032, tracks the changes in national

emissions since passage of the 1990 Clean Air Act

Amendments. The trends reflected in this edition show the

net effect of many factors, including changes in the nation’s

economy, in industrial activity, technology, consumption of

fuels, traffic, and other activities that cause air pollution. These

trends also are influenced by changes in emissions resulting

from air pollution regulation and mandatory and voluntary

emission controls.

This document presents the most recent estimates of

national and regional emissions of the criteria air pollutants.

The emissions of each pollutant are estimated for many

different source categories, which collectively account for all

anthropogenic emissions. The report presents the total

emissions from all 50 states and from each of EPA’s ten regions.

Two tables (see page 2) present the summary of the national

emission estimates and the percent change in national emission

estimates for the years 1900 through 1992.

This Trends report also reflects recent improvements in

the way national and regional emissions are calculated.

Improvement in estimation methods is ongoing, and it is

expected that future reports will reflect this effort. A new

methodology was applied this year, including a more accurate

method of estimating pre- and post-1985 emissions. Data

bases, methods and models used to develop the estimates were

all enhanced. State-derived emission estimates are

incorporated, and certain years are used for trends only, while

other years qualified as both trend and absolute indicators.

Mobile source emissions, previously underestimated, are now

reflected more accurately through applying the Mobile5a

model nationally to estimate emissions from 1940 to the

present. In addition, the non-road mobile source estimates in

this year’s report are based on extensive non-road survey data.

This report also includes coverage of biogenic, global

warming gas, toxic, and global emissions. Estimates for the

years 1990 through 1992 are preliminary, and final figures

(including refinements to data used to estimate emissions) will

appear in future reports. The actual format has been changed

over the previous edition as well, making the overall report

much easier to read.

The contents of the next report in this annual series,

National Air Pollutant Emission Trends, 1900-1993, EPA484/R-94-027, are already being assembled for publication.

Watch for news of it in the next newsletter. These reports are

also available on the CHIEF bulletin board. For a paper copy,

please contact the Info CHIEF information line at (919) 541-

5285. For further information about the report and its contents,

contact Sharon Nizich at (919) 541-2825, or call the Info

CHIEF information line.
2

SUMMARY NATIONAL EMISSIONS ESTIMATES

[106 tons (103 tons for PB)]

Year VOC SOx NOx CO PM-10 PM-10 PB

(Non- (Fugitive

 Fugitive) Dust)

1900 7.76 9.99 2.61 NA NA NA NA

1905 8.12 13.96 3.31 NA NA NA NA

1910 8.40 17.28 4.10 NA NA NA NA

1915 9.05 20.29 4.67 NA NA NA NA

1920 9.29 21.14 5.16 NA NA NA NA

1925 13.36 23.26 7.30 NA NA NA NA

1930 18.32 21.11 8.02 NA NA NA NA

1935 16.20 16.98 6.64 NA NA NA NA

1940 17.12 19.95 7.57 90.87 15.43 NA NA

1945 17.48 26.01 9.55 94.83 15.79 NA NA

1950 20.86 22.38 10.40 98.79 16.16 NA NA

1955 22.18 20.88 11.56 101.28 15.03 NA NA

1960 24.32 22.25 14.58 103.78 13.90 NA NA

1965 27.73 26.75 16.58 111.24 12.99 NA NA

1970 29.74 31.33 20.86 118.70 12.08 NA 219.47

1975 25.14 28.12 22.30 102.11 7.25 NA 158.54

1980 28.35 26.21 23.66 129.00 7.02 NA 74.96

1982 24.86 23.38 22.67 116.15 5.45 NA 57.67

1983 25.41 22.73 22.01 115.96 6.09 NA 49.23

1984 26.14 23.66 22.63 112.97 6.35 NA 42.22

1985 25.01 23.39 22.42 107.90 6.18 44.68 20.12

1986 25.35 22.48 22.28 104.89 5.81 49.90 7.30

1987 24.72 22.62 22.81 99.30 6.04 42.04 6.84

1988 25.02 23.09 23.63 99.07 6.44 59.84 6.46

1989 23.91 23.20 23.48 93.39 6.21 53.16 6.10

1990 23.67 22.82 23.56 92.38 6.08 44.77 5.63

1991 23.40 22.77 23.41 90.68 5.81 49.54 5.01

1992 22.73 22.73 23.15 87.18 5.93 45.50 5.18

1 ton = 0.9 metric tons.

NA = not available.

PERCENT CHANGE IN NATIONAL EMISSION ESTIMATES

Pollutant 1900 - 1992 1940 - 1992 1970 - 1992 1982 - 1992 1991 - 1992

VOC 193 33 - 24 - 2 - 3

SOx 128 14 - 27 - 1 - 0

NOx 787 206 11 0 - 1

CO NA - 4 - 27 - 29 - 4

PM-10 NA - 62 - 51 9 - 7

Pb NA NA - 98 - 52 3

NA = not available.

1992 estimates are preliminary. Negative % change indicates a decrease.

PM-10 comparisons pre-1991 are for non-fugitive dust emissions only.
3

—{ BULLETIN BOARD NOTES }—

Have you tried Fax CHIEF? - If you want a paper copy

of part or parts of AP-42, pick up the phone handset on your

fax machine and place your order! Fax CHIEF, EIB’s timesaving information tool, contains some of our most often

requested material. Users may select from all of AP-42 Vol. I,

Stationary Sources, or the highway portions of Vol. II, Mobile

Sources, as well as memos, guidance, and other technical

material related to air pollutant emissions. More documents

will be added in the future. With Fax CHIEF, you can be

sure of getting the latest version of the documents you need.

In its first year, Fax CHIEF has been averaging over 350

caller requests per month. Just call either of the Fax CHIEF

lines, (919) 541-5626 or -0548, then follow the voice

instructions on making selections, and immediately get the

needed material transmitted back to your facsimile machine.

It operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, except during repair

time.

All that’s required is a fax machine with an attached

telephone handset. Call using the handset attached to your

fax machine. As directed, use the telephone keypad to enter

your document request, and Fax CHIEF does the rest.

At the end of your call, the system will prompt you to

listen for the “tone”, press the “send” key, then hang up. Listen

for your machine’s indication of a successful connection/

transmission before hanging up the phone. You may select

up to two documents per phone call. Your only costs are for

fax paper and your telephone charges.

 Call Krystal - "Krystal Ball", has been added to the

CHIEF BB, but will only survive with users' input. It will

introduce topics pertinent to emission inventories and factors

and will invite public comment and discussion via “Public

Messages”. Select <A> from the Main menu for more

information. This pilot effort is being tried as a result of our

asking focus groups about EPA/state/local communication

issues. If our users will submit issues and questions to the

“Krystal Ball”, and communication thereby improves, it should

provide some relief from day-to-day stresses, and we will

continue the service. For assistance, or to talk with “Krystal”,

contact Steve Bromberg at (919) 541-1000. Regular private

and public e-mail on CHIEF also continue.

The OAQPS Technology Transfer Network (TTN):

Your gateway to U. S. EPA air quality information,

with eighteen different bulletin boards!

Dial in via modem at (919) 541-5742 or

TELNET via Internet at ttnbbs.rtpnc.epa.gov

Mobile Data Converter - Version 3 of the On-road Mobile Data Converter is available on the BB (as is the previous

version). The new converter is designed to upload only seasonal or daily VMT. States are encouraged to use the new

converter when changing their entire on-road inventories, but

they should continue to use the original converter when making modifications.

TANKS Version 2.0 - Troubleshooting documentation

on this new version of TANKS has been added to the CHIEF

BB under the “Emission Estimation Software” section. Some

errors in the previous version have been corrected in Version

2.0 and some frequently asked questions, with answers and

suggestions for using the TANKS program, are also presented.

Bakeries - U. S. EPA recommendations for estimating

VOC emissions from bread bakeries have been added to the

BB under “EF Guidance/Q&A - Policies - Recommendations”.

The file BAKERIES.TXT may be viewed on the screen. This

material will appear in the upcoming fifth edition AP-42, and

it is now considered to be in effect.

AP-42 Proposed Fifth Edition - This section has been

added as a new entry on the BB. The files can be found on the

Main Menu under the section "AP-42/EF Guidance". AP-42

drafts on Synthetic Fibers, Portland Cement, Talc Processing

and Clay Processing have been added to the BB, under the

AP-42 menu in “Draft Sections Under Review”. Other draft

sections are being added frequently. Please comment on this

new material, either by BB E-mail or by phone.

New L & Es - The following new Locating And

Estimating documents have been added to the BB:

Chlorobenzenes, Methyl Chloroform, Methyl Ethyl Ketone,

Toluene and Xylene.

Two Updates - Water7 has been updated so please be

aware of these changes. XATEF2 is now a FIRE module

containing unrated toxics factors.

Downloading From The BB - The BB has been improved

with a newer version of the archiving/dearchiving software,

PKZIP/PKUNZIP. In the future, compressed files added to

the CHIEF BB will use this new software. Instructions and a

downloadable copy of the software are both available on the

BB. Bulletin Board activity continues to be brisk, now with

over 1400 registered CHIEF users logging in about 5000 times

per month. Always remember, after checking current “Alerts”,

to review the old ones to make sure you’re up to date. Alerts

stay current for at least a month and then are moved to the

“old” list.

We like hearing from you. E-mail any ideas and

suggestions you have for the bulletin board to Michael Hamlin,

CHIEF BB Operator. If you prefer, write or phone us with

your comments. To register for the BB, contact Michael at

(919) 541-5232.
4

Throughout the history of AP-42, the document has

continued to grow. The evidence we and our users are faced

with is the sheer number of pages we have to lift whenever we

use it. When the Fourth Edition was published in 1985, there

were only 888 pages covering 123 source categories. Now

with six supplements, AP-42 is at almost 2,000 pages, covering

158 source categories. As anyone who has recently ordered

the basic document and all of the supplements can tell you,

there are very few pages that have not been replaced at least

once in the improvement process, and many have been replaced

two or more times.

Since a picture is worth a thousand words, a graphic

illustration of the results of our efforts to improve AP-42

may be of interest.

EMISSION FACTOR DEVELOPMENT

RESULTS

1985 1986 1988 1990 1991 1992 1993

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Update year

(Pages in Supplement)

New Section Major Revision Minor Revision

460 182 170 144 282 625

Number of Sections

1994

600±

1995

Projected Values

888 100±

$

$

$ = High ACC Funding Levls

(4 ed) th

1987 1989

0 0

Figure 1. AP-42 Periodic Updates.

Figure 1 shows the number of sections that have received

major or minor revisions or are new sections. The number of

pages in a supplement are indicated at the top of the figure

box. As can be seen, the last few years mark times of major

change to this document.

Just the page and source category totals do not do justice

to the amount of work that has occurred on AP-42 over the

last several years. From the standpoint of the people that have

to support this document and of those that use it, the number

of emission factors in the document is of more importance.

About 1985, AP-42 contained about 2,100 emission factors

for five criteria pollutants. Now, AP-42 has over 7,200

emission factors for seven criteria pollutants and over 100

noncriteria pollutants.

AP-42 CHANGES THROUGH THE YEARS

FAX CHIEF IS BACK!

Fax CHIEF has been broken but is now back in operation. If you haven't used Fax CHIEF yet, see page 3 for more

information. Thanks for your patience while Fax CHIEF was in the shop!

EMISSION FACTORS IN AP-42

Number and Percentage by Pollutant

Circa 1985 2073 Total Factors

1993 7238 Total Factors

213 2.9%

Lead

1042 14.4%

PM10

465 6.4% SO2

534 7.4%

NOx

1,486 20.5%

VOC

1,496 20.7%

PM

1,526 21.1%

Noncriteria

476 6.6%

CO

713 (34.4%)

PM

369(17.8%)

SO2

(14.9%)

NOx

309

406 (19.6%)

VOC

276 (13.3%)

CO

Figure 2. Pollutant Emission Factors.

The changes that have occurred in the number of emission

factors, by pollutant, are illustrated in Figure 2. As can be

seen in the figure, there is a dramatic increase in the total

number of emission factors. There are over 3.5 times as many

emission factors in the current version of AP-42 than there

were in 1985. Of the original group of pollutants, the biggest

increase in factors was in VOCs, followed closely by

Particulate. Big increases in the number of factors have been

caused by adding PM-10 and Noncriteria pollutants.

For three years now, we have been undertaking a cover to

cover revision of AP-42. The objectives of this extensive work

have been to add new factors and to revise and make the factor

quality ratings more consistent. We had expected that many

"A" and "B" emission factor ratings would slip, because of the

more stringent criteria that are currently being used, but this

has not happened.

(Cont. on p. 5)

Correction: p. 8 of Fall issue -

 In the illustration of "Criteria Pollutant

Trends - 1983, 1992", stated units should

have been 103 tons, not 106

.

600+
5

AP-42 EMISSION FACTORS

Number and Percentage by Rating

Circa 1985 (AFSEF)

2073 Total Factors

1993 (FIRE)

7238 Total Factors

142 (6.8%)

64 (3.1%)

321 (15.5%)

Unk Rating

D Rated

E Rated

616 (29.7%)

A Rated

346 (16.7%)

C Rated

584(28.2%)

B Rated

978 (13.5%)

A Rated

878 (12.2%)

C Rated

798 (11.0%)

B Rated

3,746 (51.9%)

E Rated

838(11.4%)

D Rated

(Cont. from p. 4)

Figure 3. Emission Factor Ratings.

INFO CHIEF'S MOST FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Here are a few of our most frequently mentioned topics and some information on each.

The Info CHIEF help desk number is (919) 541-5285.

AP-42

A perpetual discussion at the help desk is on the

availability of AP-42. Many of you are aware that the Fifth

edition is in progress and should be available from GPO late

this year. Meanwhile, the following options apply.

1. Some supplements are still available from the

Government Printing Office (GPO) by calling (202) 783-

3238 or fax (202) 512-2250. Prices range from $8.00 to

$42.00. Call Info CHIEF for details and options.

2. All parts of AP-42 are available on the CHIEF BB.

There is even a new section called “Proposed Fifth Edition”.

Downloads of draft, final, and published sections, as well

as entire supplements are available.

3. Fax CHIEF allows the caller to fax up to two sections of

AP-42 directly to his or her fax machine. Call (from a fax

machine with a handset) (919) 541-5626 or 0548 for

instructions. Note: The Fax CHIEF service had been

temporarily out of order, but is now operating again.

4. AP-42 is available on Compact Disc (CD); see below.

Air CHIEF CD-ROM

“Where can I get AP-42 on CD?” At this time, all

available copies of Air CHIEF 3.0 have been exhausted.

Version 4.0 should be available in the fall. This will be a

major upgrade containing a new search engine FOLIO®,

usable from the WINDOWS® environment.

Source Classification Codes (SCC)

Lately, the number one question is, “How do I obtain a

copy of the SCC list?” Many callers are familiar with the

1990 program called AFSEF (AIRS Facility Subsystem

Source Classification Codes And Emission Factor Listing

For Criteria Air Pollutants) previously available in electronic

and paper forms. Since this is NO LONGER PUBLISHED,

the following alternatives are available.

1. The CHIEF Bulletin Board (BB), located on our network

of bulletin boards (919-541-5742), has a new menu item,

"Q", which contains the SCCs. It is searchable on line and

available for download in ASCII and dbf formats.

2. Also on the CHIEF BB under the menu item "F", “AP42/ EF Guidance” is the FIRE program. FIRE must be

downloaded and installed on a hard disk (15 MB required).

It allows the user to query the data base by using filters such

as SCC, CAS, SIC, etc. FIRE comes with modules for

criteria and rated toxic pollutants. Only 43 toxics are

currently rated. Other toxic factors may be found in the

XATEF2 module, also on the CHIEF BB.

3. Processes that do not have SCCs but which are still subject

to scrutiny may be discussed with Ron Ryan at (919) 541-

4330.

Figure 3 depicts changes that have occurred in the number

of emission factors by the factor ratings. As can be seen in the

figure the number of “A” and “B” rated emission factors has

increased since 1985 (although the proportion of “A” or “B”

factors is only about 25 percent in 1993).

 Although there have been many new emission factors

added to AP-42, we know there are many instances where no

emission factors are available. Also, the number of emission

factors that should be improved is daunting. Over half of the

emission factors in AP-42 are rated “E”.

Although much improvement to AP-42 has occurred over

the last several years, much more is still needed. Our goal is

to provide a document that meets the needs of its users. This

goal will be difficult to achieve in the immediate future, but

we're trying.

Call Info CHIEF

 at

(919) 541-5285!
6

FROM THE EFMS CHIEF'S CORNER—

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,

And sorry I could not travel both

And be one traveler, long I stood

And looked down one as far as I could

To where it bent in the undergrowth;

Then took the other, as just as fair ....

Robert Frost

It is not common to travel on a career path twice in a career but that is the experience I have enjoyed over the last five

months, albeit from the perspective of manager rather than staffer. While Jim Southerland was enjoying a “sabbatical” detail

to the North Carolina air pollution control agency, I travelled the emission factor “highway” as Acting Chief of the Emission

Factor And Methodologies Section here at EIB.

Some of you may recall that I started my career at EPA in the early 1980s working on emission factors and inventories

under Jim. Back then, the road seemed a little less traveled with lots of potholes and unimproved sections. My latest assignment

working on emission factors has shown me that, with the passage of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments and the creation of

the Emission Inventory Branch led by David Mobley, the emission factor road has been widened and paved. The road is a little

better traveled now, too, with more staff and resources than were available in the early 1980s. David, Jim, the Emissions

Inventory Branch staff, and entire emission factor and inventory community should be proud of the progress made in the last

five years. The Fifth Edition of AP-42 will be out this year completing most of the remaining “miles” of an extensive effort to

upgrade our factor data bases. When I first worked on factors and inventories, the EPA staff would have been ecstatic to have

tools such as FIRE, TANKS, and the Air CHIEF CD. Emission factors and inventories have attained a new level of credibility

and support that all involved should be proud of.

However, our trip down the emission factor and inventory road has not been without some “detours”. Budgets have been

reduced and are forcing us to rethink how we collect and disseminate emission factor and inventory information. Although

improved, the quality and sophistication of inventories continue to lag behind those for monitoring data and modeling methods.

More and better emission factors are needed, for many source categories and hundreds of pollutants. There are more miles to

go, but clearly we have made progress. Consider this view from someone who had the good fortune to ride a new, yet familiar,

highway for a few months.

Thanks for the opportunity, and as I squeeze back onto the crowded “freeway” of permitting again, with its “bumper-tobumper” issues, I will remember those of you who made my trip interesting and perhaps a little more challenging. I will also

remember how important emission factors and inventories are when I weigh into discussions of issues such as what is an

available emissions offset. I enjoyed the trip! Maybe I’ll get the chance to ride the emission estimating “road” again before the

end of my career “journey”. Until then, happy trails.

—Bill Lamason

(Cont. on p. 7)

RUSSIAN AIR MANAGEMENT PROGRAM (RAMP)

 EPA has been funded by the U. S. Agency For

International Development to work jointly with them to

conduct a multi-year effort known as the Russian Air

Management Program (RAMP). The purpose of RAMP is

to demonstrate the principles of air quality management to

Russia's Ministry Of Environmental Protection, to identify

possible improvements to their current system, and to assist

them in implementing the changes throughout Russia. The

Emission Inventory Branch's role in RAMP is to support

activities concerning preparation of emission inventories in

Russia.

Russia’s current emission inventory program focuses

primarily on industrial sources. Point source emission

estimates generally are prepared by the sources (“enterprises”)

themselves, often with assistance from a “project institute”

(that has attributes of a trade association), a contractor, and a

research institute.

In May 1993, David Misenheimer of EIB traveled to

Moscow and St. Petersburg (the former Leningrad) to provide

information on current U. S. emission factor and estimation

methodologies and to study Russia’s emission inventory

practices. The Russian term for emission inventory is

“kadastr".
7

(Cont. from p. 6)

The inventory for each enterprise is submitted to a local

Committee For Nature Protection, sort of an environmental

council for the city or region (“oblast”). The information is

then passed to the federal level. In October of 1993, EIB’s

support contractor for the project, Radian Corporation, sent

people to Volgograd (the former Stalingrad) to further

demonstrate EPA’s data bases and tools, and to begin efforts

for using EPA's emission factors to estimate emissions for

certain enterprises.

The next steps in the program were to pilot the use of

EPA methodologies and factors for sources in Volgograd; to

prepare guidance and training for estimating emissions in

Russia, incorporating applicable EPA methods; and to help

the Russians evaluate whether to revise their inventory

procedures for the entire Russian Federation. In May of l994,

James Southerland of EIB went to Volgograd to participate

AIR AND ENERGY ENGINEERING RESEARCH LABORATORY (AEERL)

Emissions And Modeling Branch Research Update

Development Of An Improved Model For Estimating Emissions Of Volatile Organic Compounds From Forests In The

Eastern United States

 Christopher D. Geron

Regional estimates of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions are important inputs for air quality models

such as the Urban Airshed Model And Regional Oxidant Model. Since forests are the primary emitters of BVOCs, it is

important to develop reliable estimates of their areal coverage and BVOC emission rate. A new system has been developed to

estimate these emissions for specific tree genera at hourly- and county-level resolution. The U. S. Department Of Agriculture,

Forest Service Forest Inventory And Analysis Eastwide Database is used to describe both areal extent and species composition

of U. S. forests. Growing season peak foliar masses are derived from the empirical literature for canopies of deciduous and

coniferous genera. A simple canopy model is used to adjust photosynthetically active solar radiation at five vertical levels in

the canopy. Leaf temperature and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) derived from ambient conditions above the forest

canopy are then used to drive empirical equations to estimate BVOC emission rates at discrete levels of forest canopies. These

estimates are then aggregated to regional levels for input into air quality models. The new model yields county-specific

isoprene emission rates that are up to 10 times higher (and therefore total BVOC emission rates that are up to five times

higher) than EPA's BVOC emission rate model currently used. Emission estimates of isoprene and monoterpenes from the

new model compare favorably with rates measured at various forested sites in the U. S. Comparisons between the current

Biogenics Emissions Inventory System and the new model are discussed in more detail in the article, "An Improved Model For

Estimating Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds From Forests In The Eastern United States", in the Journal Of Geophysical

Research, 99(D6):12,773-12,791.

Estimated hourly emission rates (mg-Carbon m-2 h-1) of isoprene (Isop), sum of monoterpenes and other volatile Organic

Compounds (M and O), and total BVOC are presented for each model for forests in four selected areas. PAR units are μmol

m-2 sec-1.

in this phase of the effort. Staff from both Science Applications

International Corporation and Radian Corporation provided

support for developing the point and area source inventories,

and for related tasks for stack testing and source improvement

strategy development. These efforts are being approached in

a comparison manner, where results of the Russian methods

are being compared with the results from U. S. methods, with

analysis then being conducted to determine the best, or

combination of best, methods to use in the future.

The end product of the immediate efforts in Volgograd

will be a modeler’s data set that will interface with the next

phase of the project, technology exchange sessions in Russia

and in the United States, and with efforts to improve the

emission estimation tools used in both countries. This effort

is expected to spread over the next two years or longer.
8

RECENT EMISSIONS AND MODELING BRANCH (EMB) PUBLICATIONS

(For more information, contact the person named after each)

Reports —

State Acid Rain Research And Screening System (STARRSS): Version 1.0 User's Manual, EPA-600/R-94-017, January

1994. Chris Geron. (919) 541-4639.

RFP Tracking System: User's Manual, EPA-600/R-93-173, September 1993. Sue Kimbrough. (919) 541-2612.

Comparison Of The 1985 NAPAP Emissions Inventory With The 1985 EPA TRENDS Estimate For Industrial SO2 Sources, EPA-600/R-94-012, January 1994. Charles Masser. (919) 541-7586.

Evaluation And Reporting Of County Gasoline Use Methodologies, EPA-600/R-94-003, January 1994. Charles Masser.

(919) 541-7586.

Conceptual Designs For A New Highway Vehicle Emissions Estimation Methodology, EPA-600/R-93-214, November

1993. Ted Ripberger. (919) 541-2924.

EMB Papers presented at the EPA/A&WMA International Specialty Conference, The

Emission Inventory, Perception And Reality, October 18 - 20, 1993, Pasadena, CA —

“Methods For Improving Emission Estimates”. Jeff Chappell. (919) 541-3738.

“Preliminary Analysis Of HAP Emission Inventories From Three Major Urban Areas”. Julian Jones. (919) 541-2489.

“Development And Improvement Of Temporal Allocation Factor Files”. Chuck Mann. (919) 541-4593.

“A Comparison Of Current Industrial SO2

 Emission Inventories”. Chuck Masser. (919) 541-7586.

EMB papers presented at other conferences —

“The EPA Research Program For Reducing CO2 Emissions Through Efficient Energy Technologies”, Tokyo, November

1993. Jeff Chappell. (919) 541-3738.

“Fuzzy Logic Motor Control For Pollution Prevention And Improved Energy Efficiency”, CONEC-93, Chattanooga, TN,

October 1993. Jeff Chappell. (919) 541-3738.

“EPA's Information Management System For Tracking Reasonable Further Progress”, A&WMA, Denver, CO, June 1993.

Sue Kimbrough. (919) 541-2612.

Note: An updated list of Emission Inventory Branch publications is planned for the next issue of the CHIEF Newsletter.

The CHIEF Newsletter is produced quarterly by the Emission Inventory Branch,

Technical Support Division, of EPA’s Office Of Air Quality Planning And Standards. Its

purpose is to enhance communication within the emission factor and inventory community

by providing new and useful information and by allowing for the exchange of information

between and among its readers. Comments on the Newsletter and articles for inclusion

in it are welcome and should be directed to Emission Inventory Branch (MD 14), US

EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711; telephone (919) 541-5493.

The contents of The CHIEF Newsletter do not necessarily reflect the views and

policies of the Agency, neither does the mention of trade names or commercial products

constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
9

EMISSION INVENTORY WORKSHOP SERIES

The Air And Waste Management Association (A&WMA), in cooperation with EIB, is sponsoring an ongoing series of

workshops for preparing emission estimates for facilities or other affected operations. The program will be of particular value

to industry members of A&WMA who need to know the basic requirements for emission inventories from both the regulatory

and technical point of view. The types of sources that will be addressed will center on emitting facilities, but will also include

point, area, and mobile sources. A&WMA faculty will present information on (1) reporting emission estimates to meet

regulatory requirements, (2) uses of the data for permitting strategies, and (3) compliance and business planning. The program

will also be of value to EPA and the other control agency personnel responsible for reviewing facility inventories.

The workshops will focus on:

• Strategic overview of the driving forces behind emission inventory development.

• Practical advice on carrying out an emission inventory.

• Case study information illustrating successful programs.

The workshops will assist affected operations:

• To meet regulatory requirements on contents and timeliness.

• To achieve better quality emission inventories.

• To increase consistency in emission inventories.

The next workshops will be conducted in Atlanta, Denver, Dallas, and Chicago on the following dates:

• Atlanta – December 5-6, 1994 • Dallas – February 13-14, 1995

• Denver – January 9-10, 1995 • Chicago – March 6-7, 1995

Subsequent workshops in this series will be announced in the calendar portion of future CHIEF newsletters. For more

information, call the A&WMA meeting registrar at (412) 232-3444 ext. 3142.

WHAT’S A CHIEF?

CHIEF is the acronym for ClearingHouse For Inventories And Emission Factors. Some of you use “CHIEF” to

refer to this CHIEF Newsletter; others think of the CHIEF Bulletin Board (BB). Info CHIEF is our help desk and

the Fax CHIEF can send you copies of your favorite sections of AP-42. Our "CHIEF’s Corner" is edited by the

Chief of the Emission Factor And Methodologies Section. Air CHIEF is our CD-ROM. Okay, so we stretched it a

bit to get to FIRE (CHIEF). That one stands for the Factor Information REtrieval System.

INVENTORIES GALORE IN '94!

OTHER UPCOMING MEETINGS AND CONFERENCES

— A&WMA Conference on Regional Haze in the West: New Directions, September 28-30, Snowbird, UT. Call (412)

232-3444 for information.

— 1994 Florida Environmental EXPO, October 11-13, Clearwater, FL. For additional information, call Judy Foster or

Daniel Moon, (813) 725-8202.

—The Emission Inventory: Applications And Improvement, A&WMA Specialty Conference, November 1-3, Raleigh, NC.

Continuing Education Courses, October 31. Call (412) 232-3444 for information.

— A&WMA Conference on Computing in Environmental Management December 1-2, Raleigh, NC. Call (412) 232-3444

for information.

— Toxics Release Inventory Data Use Conference, December 5-8, Boston, MA. Call (617) 628-9297 for information.
10

HEADQUARTERS INVENTORY CONTACTS

Summer 1994

EMISSION FACTORS

AP-42 Chapter Contact Telephone

1. External Combustion Michael Hamlin (919) 541-5232

2. Solid Waste Disposal Ron Myers (919) 541-5407

3. Internal Combustion Michael Hamlin (919) 541-5232

4. Evaporation Loss Sources Ron Ryan (919) 541-4330

5. Chemical Process Industry

 Organics Dennis Beauregard (919) 541-5512

 Inorganics Ron Myers (919) 541-5407

6. Food And Agricultural Industry Dallas Safriet (919) 541-5371

7. Metallurgical Industry Ron Myers (919) 541-5407

8. Mineral Products Industry Ron Myers (919) 541-5407

9. Petroleum Industry Ron Ryan (919) 541-4330

10. Wood Products Industry Dallas Safriet (919) 541-5371

11. Miscellaneous Sources Ron Myers (919) 541-5407

12. Storage Of Organic Liquids Dennis Beauregard (919) 541-5512

Toxics Anne Pope (919) 541-5373

Lead Ron Myers (919) 541-5407

General information, Newsletter,

 Bulletin Board, FIRE, SPECIATE,

 Air CHIEF CD, Publications,

 Fax CHIEF Info CHIEF (919) 541-5285

EMISSION INVENTORIES

1990 O3/CO SIP Inventory Status Sharon Nizich (919) 541-2825

O3

/CO Periodic Inventories Bill Kuykendal (919) 541-5372

Biogenic Inventories Steve Bromberg (919) 541-1000

Emission Statements Mary Ann Warner (919) 541-1192

PM-10/Lead Inventories Bill Kuykendal (919) 541-5372

Toxics Inventories Anne Pope (919) 541-5373

Emission Trends Sharon Nizich (919) 541-2825

Emission Projections Mary Ann Warner (919) 541-1192

Quality Assurance Bill Kuykendal (919) 541-5372

AIRS Area And Mobile Subsystem (AMS) Lee Tooly (919) 541-5292

AIRS Facility Subsystem (AFS) Steve Bromberg (919) 541-1000

AIRS/AFS Emission Data Quarterly Report Lee Tooly (919) 541-5292

PM-10 SIPS

 OAQPS/AQMD Larry Wallace (919) 541-0906

O3

/CO SIPS

 OAQPS/AQMD Laurel Schultz (O3

)/Carla Oldham (CO) (919) 541-5511/3347

 Office Of Mobile Sources Mark Wolcott (313) 668-4219

Lead SIPS

 OAQPS/AQMD Laura McKelvey (919) 541-5497
11

REGIONAL OFFICE INVENTORY CONTACTS

August 1994

Contact Telephone

— PM-10 —

Region I Matt Cairns (617) 565-4982

II Rick Ruvo/Kirk Wieber (212) 264-4926/5996

III Tom Casey (215) 597-2746

IV Joey LeVasseur (404) 347-3555 ext.4215

V John Summerhays (312) 886-6067

VI Mark Sather (214) 665-7258

VII Lisa Haugen (913) 551-7877

VIII Tim Russ (303) 294-1814

IX Morris Goldberg (415) 744-1296

X George Lauderdale (206) 553-6511

— O3

/CO —

I Bob McConnell (617) 565-3250

II Demian Ellis (212) 264-9357

III Raymond Forde (215) 597-8239

IV Joey LeVasseur/Doug Deakin (404) 347-2864

V Ed Doty/Bill Jones/ (312)886-6057/6058

Charles Halten (312) 886-6031

VI Herb Sherrow (214) 665-7237

VII Royan Teter (913) 551-7609

VIII Tim Russ (303) 293-1814

IX Morris Goldberg (415) 744-1296

X Christi Lee/Stephanie Cooper/ (206) 553-1814/6917

Montel Livingston (206)553-0180

— Air Toxics —

I Janet Beloin (617) 565-2734

II Carol Bellizzi/Ken Eng (212) 264-2517/9627

III Iz Milner/Therese Dougherty (215) 597-9090/1325

IV Becky Allenbach (404) 347-3555 ext.4223

V Bruce Varner (312) 886-6793

VI Tom Driscoll (214) 665-7549

VII Wayne Kaiser (913) 551-7603

VIII Cory Potash (303) 294-1886

IX Cecelia Bloomfield/Regina Spindler (415) 744-1249/1251

X Chris Hall (206) 553-1949

— Lead —

I Bob Judge (617) 565-3233

II Kirk Wieber (212) 597-4556

III David Arnold (215) 597-4556

IV Joey LeVasseur (404) 347-2864

V Roseanne Lindsey (IL, IN) (312) 353-1151

V Christos Panos (MI, WI) (312) 353-8328

V John Summerhays (OH, MN) (312) 886-6067

VI Guy Donaldson (214) 665-7242

VII Stan Walker (913) 551-7494

VIII Laurie Ostrand (303) 294-1757

IX Ed Snyder (415) 744-1154

X George Lauderdale (206) 553-6511
12

The CHIEF Newsletter

Volume V, Nos. 2/3

Spring/Summer 1994

Christy Isaacs has been working as a co-op with EIB since June 1. She has recently been working on utility matching

between AIRS and NADB. Additionally, she is designing the cover for the new Trends Report coming in the fall. Christy is

currently working on her BS degree in Biological And Agricultural Engineering from NC State University. In her spare time,

she enjoys camping, hiking, and reading. She was born in Charlotte, NC but has lived in Cary, NC for 15 years.

Kelly Hairston has completed a successful summer working with EIB. She has been working with all the emission

inventory tools and has also been working on a project to identify emission factor gaps in AP-42. She is working on her BS in

Electrical Engineering at North Carolina A&T University in Greensboro. Kelly enjoys cooking and admiring the latest

fashions in clothing. Her hometown is Stoneville, NC, a small town near Greensboro.

Robert Jemison has completed an effective term as a co-op student with EIB. He has been performing a detailed comparison

of the emission factors in the AP-42 series with information in the AIRS data base, with considerable success. Having Robert

with us was both pleasant and productive. Robert has two BS degrees from NC State University, Mechanical Engineering And

Environmental Engineering. In addition to his studies and his efforts for EPA, he works on weekends as a security guard.

With the spare time left to him, Robert enjoys hiking, reading and spending time on the Internet. His hometown is King, NC,

a small town near Winston-Salem.

Marty Martinez, formerly the Chief of the Emission Inventory Guidance and Evaluation Section, has retired. See the next

issue of the CHIEF Newsletter for an article on his career.

Personnel Notes . . . .

UNITED STATES

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

EMISSION INVENTORY BRANCH (MD-14)

RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC 27711

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE

$300

AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER

FIRST CLASS MAIL

POSTAGE AND FEES PAID

EPA

G-35