TO:F'ROM:RE:DATE:MEMORANDUM'fheHonorableDavidS.SmallCabinetSecrctary,Dcpt.of'NaturalResourccsandllnvironmentalControlI-isaA.Vest''Publicl.learirlgOffìcer,OfTioeol'theSecretaryDepartmentof'NaturalResourcesandEnvironmentalControlProposedRevisiontotheDelaware201IBaseYearStateImplementationPlan(SIP)EmissionInventoryforVolatileOrganicCompounds(VOCs),NitrogenOxidesOtrOx),andCarbonMonoxide(CO)forAreasofMarginalNon-Attainmentunderthe2008OzoneNationalAmbientAirQualityStandardG\IAAQS)Iuly14,2014LBackqround:Apublichearingwasheldon'l'hursday,June26,2014,at6:00p.m.attheDepartmentofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentalControl("DNREC","Department"),89KingsHighway,Dover,DelawaretoreceivecommentonaproposedrevisiontotheDelawareStateImplementationPlan(SIP)formeetingtheCleanAirAct("CAA")requirementsforthe8-hourozoneNationalAmbientAirQualityStandard("NAAQS")setforthbytheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency("EPA")in2008.AccordingtoSection182(a)(l)ofCAAandEPA'simplementationrulelbrthe2008ozonestandard(ProposedRule,June6,2013,78FR34178),DelawareisrequiredtosubmittoEPAin.luly2014aSIPrevisionwhichcompilesDelaware20llemissionsofvolatileorganiccompounds("VOCs"),oxidesofnitrogen("NOx"),andcarbonmonoxide("CO")fìomallsources.ThesubjectdocumentcontainsDelaware'sbaseyearenrissioninventorySIPrevisionunderthe8-hourozoneNAAQSsetforthbytheU'S.EnviromneutalProtcctionAgency("EPA")in2008.InMar-chof2008,theEPArevisedthe19978-hourozorlcNAAQSof0.08paltspermillionto0.075partspelmillion,'I'he2008ozonestandardof0'075paftspermillionisexpeotedtoprovidebetterprotectionofpublichealthandenvironn'lent.lnafinalruleonMay20l2,theIIPAdesignated46areasinthecountryasno¡r-attairunentfbrthe2008ozouestandard,includingNewCastleCountyandSussexCountyinDelaware.Tofacilitateplanning,Sections1S2(aXl)and172(c)(3)oftheCAArequireallozonenon-attainmentareastoestablishacomprehensive,accurateandcurrentinventoryofactualemissionsfì'ornallsourcesoftherelevantpollutant(s)intheareabyJtrly20,2}l4,whichistwoyearsafterclesignationasnon-attainmentforthe2008ozonestandard'TherelevantpollutantsthatcontributetotheatmosphericformationofozoneincludeVOCs,NOx,andCO.Delawarehaspreviouslybeendesignatednon-attainmentforozoneunderthe1990l-hourandtlrc19978-hourozonestandards,andhasthusbeensubjecttothiselrrissioninventoryrequirementsince1990.DelawarehasdevelopedemissionsinventoriesthatmeetthecriterionofSections182(a)(l)and172(cX3)oftheCAAeverythreeyearssince1990,andDelawale'slatestcompt'eheusiveinventoryofactualemissionsfì'ornallsourcesofVOCs,NOxandCOinthcStatecoveredcalendaryear201L2l'heSIPisaconrplex,fluiddocumentcontainingregulations,source-specif..rcrequirements,andnon-regulatoryiternssuchasplansandemissiouinventories.Delaware'sinitialSIPwasapprovedbytheEPAonMay31,1972.Sincethatinitialapproval,theDelawareSIPhasbeenrevisednumeloustimcstoaddressairqualitynorrattainrnerrtandmaintenanceissues.Thiswasdouebyupdatingplansandinventolies,andbyaddingnewandrevisedregulatorycontrolrequirernents.l)elaware'sSIPiscompiledinthecodeofFederalRegulationsat40C.F.R,Part52,Subpart1.'llheproposedSIPrevisionhasbeenavailablelt¡rpublicreviewintheDepartment'sDivisíonofAirQualityofficesinbothNewCastleCountyandDoversinceMay20,2014,TheDepaúmentpublisheditsinitialproposedrevisiontotheaforementionedf)elawareSIPintheJune1,2014DelawareRegisterofRegulatìons,andheldapublichearingonJune26,2014.Onlyonepel'son,Ms.AngelaMarconioftheDelawareSolidWasteAuthority("DSWA"),offbredcommentattheaforernentionedhealingheldbytheDepartment.Atthattime,Ms.Marconisubmittedformalcommentforinclusionintotherecordwithregardtothismatter,whichidentifìedanernissiondataerrorcontainedintheDepartment'sinitialproposedSIPrevision.TheDepartmentthoroughlyrevieweditsinitialproposedrevision(aspublishedintheDelawareRegisterofRegulatlonsonJune1,2014)andhasrespondedtothesamefullybythecoruectionofthiserroríntherevísedfinalproposcdSIPrevision,Propernoticeofthehearingwasprovidedasrequiredbylaw.II.Summarv,qfffgprinqRecord:Atthetimeo1'thehearingonJune26,2014,DavidFees,ManagingEngineerofthePlanningandInventoryGroupfortlrel)epartment'sDivisiouofAirQuality("DAQ")3offeredtheDcpartmcnt'sthree(3)exhibitspertainingtotheproposedrevision,andthisHearingOlficerenteredthemintothefonnalhearingrecorddevelopedinthismatter,towit:copiesofthelegalnoticeregardingtheholdingoftheaforementionedpublichearing,acopyoftheRegisterNoticeasitappearedinDelaware'slLegisterofRegulatictnsonJunel,2Ql4,anclacopyofDelaware'srevisedfinalproposedStateImplementationPlan(SIP)revisionformeetingtheCleanAirAct("CAA")requirementsfbrthe8-þourozoneNationalArnbientAirQualityStarrdard("NAAQS")setforthbytheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency("EPA')in2008.Again,Ms.MarconiwastheonlyattendeeofthepublichealingheldonJune26,2014,andthecorectionidentifiedbyherinDSWAoscommentswascorrectedbytheDepartmentinitsrevisedfinalproposedSIPrevision.NoothercommentswerereceivedbytheDepartmentinthismatter.FortheSecretary'sreview,andinorderfortheSecretarytogainathoroughunderstandingofthisproposcdpromulgation,acopyoftheabove-refbrencedrevísedproposedrevisiontoDelaware'sStateImplementationPlan(SIP)formeetingtheCleanAirAct("CAA")requirernentsforthe8-hourozoneNationalAmbientAirQualityStandarcl("NAAQS")setforthbytheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency("EPA")in2008areattachedheretoasAppendix'0A,",andthesameateexpresslyincorporatedintothisI-learingOfficer'sReport.ItshouldbenotedthattheDepartmentadheredtoallappropriatel)elawarestatutesandtheregulatorydevelopmentprocessinthismatter,andthattheDepartmenthasmettherequiredpublicnoticeobligationsregardingthisproposedrevision.ItshouldalsobenotedthattheDepartmenthasreviewedthisrevisedproposcdSIPrevisioninthelightofthel{cgulatoryFlexibilityAct,andbelievesthe4sametobelawful,feasibleanddesirable,andthattherecommeudationsasproposedshouldbeapplicabletoallDelawarecitizensequally'ilI.Conclusions.aU4,Rqcommcndatiqns:Basedontherecorddevelopedinthismatter,IconcludethattheDepattntenthasprovidedappropriatereasoningregaldirrgtheneedforDelaware'sproposedrevisedSIPrevisionformeetingtheCleanAirActrequirementsforthe8-hourozoneNationalAmbientAirQualityStandardsetforthbytheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyin2008.Accordingly,Ir:ecommendpromulgationofthesalneinthecustomarymannel'providedbylaw.Further,Irecommendthefollowingfindings:l.TheDepartmenthasjurisdictionunderitsstatutoryauthority,7Del.C."Chapter60,tomakeadeterrninationinthisproceeding;2.TheDepartmentprovidedadequatepublicnoticeoftheproceedingandthcpubtichearinginamannerrequiredbythelawandregulations;3.TheDepartmentheldapublichearinginamannerrequiredbythelawandregulations;4.'IheDepartmenthasreviewedtheaforementionedproposedraulsedSIPrevisioninthelightoftheRegulatoryFlexibilityAct,andbslievesthesametobelawful,feasibleanddesirable,andthattherecommendationsasproposedshouldbeapplicabletoallDelawarecitizensequally;5.TheaforementionedproposedrevisedSIPrevisionwillenableDclawaretodemonstratethatthecontingencyrequirementslistedinSection182(a)(l)oftheCleanAirAct(CAA)aremet;5TheDepartmenthasanadequaterecordforitsdecision,andnofurtherpublichearingisappropriateorneccssary;'l'hcDepartrncnt'sproposeclrevisedrevisiontol)olaware'saf'orementionedSlP,asinitiallypublishedintheJune1,2014DeluwareRegisterofIlegulationsanclthencorrectedinitsrevisedfìnalproposedSII'revision,assetforthwithinAppendix"A"hereto,isadequatelysupported,isnotarbitraryorcapricious,andisconsistentwiththeapplicablelawsandregulations.Consequently,itshouldbeapprovedasafìnalSIPrevision,whichshallgointoeffecttendaysafterthcirpublicationinthcncxtavailableissueoftheDelawareRegistero/'Regulations;and'I'heDeparlmentshallsubmittheproposedrevisedSIPrevisionasfinaltotheDelawareRegisterol'Regulationsforpublicationinitsnextavailableissue,andshallprovidewrittennoticetothepersonsaffectedbytheOrder.LISAA.VESTPublicHearingOflicer/nhcar/.SlPfìev.20lIl)ascYrlìntissionslnv.forVOCNOxandCO.20l46.7.8.6APPENIDIX$A')DEPARTMENTOFNATURALRESOURCESANDËNV¡RONMENÏALCONTROLDlvlstot¡orAnQunurYStatutoryAuthority:7DelawareCode,Chapter60(7Del'C.Ch-60)GENERALNOTICEREGISTERNOTICE1,TITLEOFSTATHIMPLËMENTATIONPLANREVISION:Þelaware2011BaseYearStatelmplementationPfan(SlP)Emissionlnventoryunderthe2008OzoneNationalAmbientAirQualityStandard(NAAOS).2.BRIEFSYNOPSISOFTHESUBJECT,SUBSTANCEANDISSUES:ThisdocumentcontainsDelaware'sStatelmplementationPlan(SlP)revisionformeetingtheCleanAirAct(CAA)requirementsforthe8-hourozoneNationalAmbientAirQualityStandard(NAAOS)setforthbyUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)in2008.AccordingtoSection182(aX1\ofÇAAandËPA'simplementationruleforthe2008ozonestandard(ProposedRule,June6,2013,78FR34178),DelawareisrequiredtosubmittoËPAinJuly2014aSIPrevisionwhichcompilesDelaware2011emissionsofvolatileorganiccompounds(VOC),oxidesofnitrogen(NOx),andcarbonmonoxide(CO)fromfivesourcesectors:stationarypointsources,stationarynon-pointsources,on-roadmobilesources,non-roadmobilesorJrces,andnaturalsources.ThesubjectdocumentcontainsDelaware'sbaseyearemíssioninventoryStatelmplementationPlan(SlP)revisionunderthe8-hourozoneNationalAmbientAirQualityStandard(NAAOS)setfoÉhbyUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)in2008.3.POSSIBLETERMSOFTHËAGENCYACTION:None4.STATUTORYBASISORLEGALAUTHORITYTOACT:7DelawareCode,Chapter60,EnvironmentalControl5,OTHERREGULATIONSTHATMAYBFAFFECTEDBYTHEPROPOSAL:None6.NOTICEOFFUBLICGOMMENT:lnterestedpartiesmaysubmitcommentsinwritingtoDavidFees,DivisionofAirQuality,655SouthBayRoad,Dover,DE19901.StatementsandtestimonymaybepresentedeítherorallyorinwritingatthepublichearingtobeheldonThursday,June26,2014,beginningat6:00p.m.intheauditorium,Richardson&RobbinsBuilding,89KíngsHwy,Þover,19901.7.PREPAREDBY;DavidFeesPhone:(302)739-9402May16,2014Emailaddress:ODqvid.flççS@state,de.uE20llBaseYearStatelmplementationPlanEmisslonslnventoryforVOC,NO*andCOForAreasofMarglnalNon-attainmentofthe2008OzoneNAAQSinDelawareFINALREPORTSubmlttedto:U.S.EnvÍronmentalProtectionAgencyRegion3*Phlladelphia,PAPreparedbyrDepartmentofNaturalResources&EnvironmentalControlDÍvisionofAirQualityEmissionlnventoryDevelopmentProgram655S.BayRoadDover,DE19901JulyXX,2014SectionI2011OzonelnventoryOverviewandSummarylntroductionThisdocumentcontainsDelaware'sbaseyearemissioninventoryStatelmplementationPlan(SlP)revisionundertheB-hourozoneNationalAmbientAirQualityStandard(NAAOS)setforthbyUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)in2008.BackgroundandRequlrementsGround-levelozone,oneoftheprincípalcomponentsof"smog,"isaseriousairpollutantthatharmshumanhealthandtheenvironment.Highlevelsofozonecandamagetherespiratorysystemandcausebreathingproblems,throatirritation,coughing,chestpains,andgreatersusceptibilitytorespiratoryinfection.Highlevelsofozonealsocauseseriousdamagetoforestsandagrículturalcrops,resultingineconomiclossestologgingandfarmingoperations.lnMarch2008,theEPArevisedthe1997B-hourozoneNAAQSof0.08partspermillion(ppm)to0.075ppm(73FR16436),The2008ozonestandardof0.075ppmisexpectedtoprovidebetterprotectionsofpublichealthandenvironment.lnafinalruleofMay2012,theËPAdesignated46areasinthecountryasnonattainmentforthe2008ozonestandard.NewCastleCountyofDelawarewasdesignatedasnonattainmentasapartofthePhiladelphia-Wilmington-AtlanticCityMarginalNon^AttainmentArea(NAA)(77FR30088).SincethismarginalNAAiscenteredbytheCityofPhiladelphia,itisoftenreferredtoas"thePhiladelphiaNAA."lnthesamefinalrule,SussexCountyofÐelawarewasdesignatedasastand-alonenonattainmentarea,called"SeäfordMarginalNM,"andKentCountywasinattainment(77FR30088).TheËPAmadethedesignatíonsofthesethreecountiesbasedontheir2009-2010-2011designvalues,andtheeffectivedateofthedesignationswereJuly20,2012,Ozoneisgenerallynotdirectlyemittedtotheatmosphere.ltisformedintheatmospherebyphotochemicalreactionsamongvolatileorganiccompounds(VOC),oxidesofnitrogen(NOx),andcarbonmonoxide(CO)inthepresenceofsunlight.Tofacilitateplanning,Sections182(aX1)and172(c)(3)oftheCAArequireallozonenon-attainmentareastoestablishacomprehensive,accurate,andcurrentinventoryofactualemissionsfromallsourcesoftherelevantpollutantorpollutantsintheareabyJuly20,2014(i.e.,twoyearsafterdesignationasnonattainment).Delawarehaspreviouslybeendesignatednonattainmentforozoneunderthe19901-hourand1997B-hourozoneNAAQSs,andhasthereforebeensubjecttothisemissioninventoryrequirementsince1990.DelawarehasdevelopedemissioninventoriesthatmeetthecriterionofCAA182(a)(1)and172(c)(3)everythreeyearssince1990,andDelaware'slatestcomprehensive,accurateinventoryofactualemissionsfromallsourcesofVOG,NOxandCOintheStatecoveredcalendaryear2O11.ThepurposeofthisSIPrevisíonistoestablishDelaware'scalendaryear2011emissionsinventory,describedinthisdocument,asitsbaseyearemissionsinventoryunderthe2008ozoneNAAQS.ResponslbllitíesTheagencywlthdirectresponsibilityfordevelopingandsubmittingthisSIPdocumentisDelawareDepartmentofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentalControl(DNREC),DivisionofAirQuality(DAO),undertheDivisionDirector,AliMirzakhal¡l¡,P.8..TheworkingresponsibilityforDelaware'sairqualitySIPplanningfallswithinDAQ'sPlanningBranch,withBranchManagerRonaldA.Amirikian.DavidFees,P.E.,managingengineer,istheprincipalauthorofthisdocument.ProJectManagementTheËmissionlnventoryDevelopment(ElD)ProgramwithinthePlanningBranchofDAQwasresponsibleforpreparingthe2011PeriodicEmissionlnventory(PEl)forcriteriapollutantstoincludeemissionsofVOC,NO,andCOsummarizedínthisreport.lntemalplanningbeganinSeptember2011,withfocusonthe2011pointsourceinventoryreportingcycletakingplaceinMarch/Aprilof2012.Theoverallprojectmanagerwasresponsibleforidentifyingoverallinventorygoals,objectives,anddeadlines,initiatinginventoryplanning,approvingestimationmethodologiesrecommendedbystaff,reviewingemÍssionsdevelopmentwork,andpreparinginventoryreportsanddocumentation.PointSourcesPointsourcesstaffwasresponsibleforthefollowing:.ldentifyingpointsourceinventorygoals,objectives,anddeadlines;'Establishingtheuniverseoffacilitiestoinventory;.Overseeingthedevelopmentofthesurveyformsandinstructions;'ProvÍdingtraíningandguidancetoíndustryrepresentatives;.SettÍnguptheon-lineelectronicreportingsystemandworkingwithDNREC'sOfficeoflnformationTechnologyinpreparingtheon-linereportingcapabilities;.Performingatechnicalreviewofemissionsdatasubmittedbyfacilities;.Workingwithfacilityrepresentativestocorrecterrors,.Managingthepointsourceinventorydataþase;and.Overseeingqualitycontrolofpointsourcesdata.Non-pointandOff-roadSourcesNon-pointandoff-roadsourcesstaffwasresponsibleforthefollowing:.Researchingandrecommendingemissionestimationmethodologies;.Definingallsimplifyingassumptions;.Obtaining2011activitydata,currentemissionfactors,andapplicablecontrolinformation.Usingspreadsheetstocalculateemissions;.DownloadingandusingtheEDMSmodeffordevelopingaircraftemissions;.DownloadingandusingtheNONROADmodel;.Reviewingemissioncalculationsforaccuracyandcompleteness;.Preparingreportdocuments;and..Compilingsupportingdocumentation.On-roadMobileSourcesOn-roadmobilesourcesstaffwasresponsibleforthefollowing:.DownloadingtheMOVËSmodel;.Obtaining20llvehiclemilestraveled(VMT),vehicleregistration,andothermobileinputdatafromtheÞelawareDepartmentofTransportation;.Obtainingotherdataforinclusioninthemodelinputs;.PreparingtheinputfilesforrunningMOVES;.RunningMOVESandsummarizingthemodelouþuts;.Reviewingemissionsforaccuracyandcompleteness;.Preparingreportdocuments;and.Compilingsupportingdocumentation.AsísnotedinSection5ofthisreport,DAQisutilízingoutputfromËPA'sNationalEmissionlnventory(NEl),version1,runoftheMOVESmodel.lnventoryPlanningCalendaryear2011isaPEIyêarasdefinedbytheAirEmissíonsReportingRequirements(AERR).TheAERRspecifiestheemissionsdataforcríteriapollutantsthatarerequiredtobereportedtoEPA'sNEl.APEIrequiresthedevelopmentofemissionestimatesfromallsourceswíthinastateorlocalareaforallcriteriapollutantsandtheirprecursors.Assuch,the2011inventorycanprovidethenecessarydataforthe2008B-hourozoneNAAQSbaseyearinventory.lnventoryParametersTheinventoryparametersdefinedbythe2011OzoneBaseYearSIPinventoryincludethefollowing:'lnventoryyear*2011:.Pollutants-VOC,NO*andCOasprecursorstoozone;.Sourcecoverage-allsources,includingpoint,non-point,mobile,andnon-roadsources;.Spatialresolution*countylevelemissíons;.Geographiccoverage*NewCastleCountyandSussexCounty;and.Temporalresolution-annualandsummerseasonweekdaydailyemissions,DataCollectionandManagementForallsourcecategoriesthegatheringoflocalactivitydatarepresentedamajortaskspreadovermanymonths.Forpointsources,mostfacilitiesreportedtheiremissionsthroughtheuseoftheStateandLocalEmissionlnventorySystem(SLEIS)on-linereportingsystem.Dataenteredintotheon-linesystemweretransferredtoaDAQdatabaseforreviewandcorrection.MicrosoftExcel@spreadsheetswereemployedformanagingactivitydataandcalculatingemissionsfromstationarynon-pointsourcesandsomenon-roadcategories.Aconsistentsetoftabswithineachsourcecategoryspreadsheetincludedactivitydata,pointsourcedata(ifapplicable,forbackouts),emissionfactors,controfs,emissioncalculations,NËlinputformats,andnotesonQA/QCprocedures.Emissionsformostofthenon*roadvehiclesandequipmentcategorieswerecalculatedusingtheNONROAD2008amodel.Aircraftengineemissionsforlandingandtake-offsatairportsinDelawarewerecafculatedusingtheFederalAviationAdministration'sEmissionsandDispersionModelingSystem(EDMS),Version5.1.4.1.EmissionsdataweretransferredfromSLEIS(pointsources),fromthenon-pointandnon-roadspreadsheets,andfromthemodeloutputstostagingtablesinMicrosoftAccess'databases.ThesedatabaseswerethenconvertedtoXMLfilesviatheEISbridgetool,andthentransmittedtotheEISviaGDXwebclientbyDecember31,2012tomeetthereportingrequirementsoftheAERR.lnventoryDevelopmentForpointsources,DAQdevelopedasetofcriteriatouseinestablishingtheuniverseoffacilitiesrequiredtoreport.Thesecriteriaarepresentedinthepointsourcesectionofthisreport.Reportingpackagesweresenttoeachfacilitymeetingoneormoreofthereportingcriteria,Anextensiveamountofreviewandfollowupwasperformedonthepointsourcedatasubmittedbyfacilities.Fornon-pointsources,thefirstmaintaskinvolvedgatheringactivitydataforeachsourcecategory.lnmanycases,thesedatawereobtainedfromDelaware-specificsources.lnsomecasestheactivitydataweredevelopedthroughtheallocationofaportionofanationalactivitydataset(i.e.,nationaloff-roadequipmentpopulations)toDelaware.BasicdemographicdatawerealsousedforsomesourcecategoriesandarepresentedinTable1-1,Onceactivitydatawereobtained,spreadsheetsweredevelopedtomanagethedataandcombinetheactivitydatawiththeselectedemissionfactorstoobtainuncontrolledemissions.Finally,forthosesourceswherecontrolsapplied,emissíonswereadjustedtoaccountforcontrolefficiency,ruleeffectiveness,andrulepenetration.Table-1.2Ol1DemooraphicDataforNewGastleandSussexDomographicParameterNewCastleSussexPopulation544,325204,771Households205,500BO,63BLandArea(squaremiles)439950AnnualVMT(millionmiles)5,2012,224CountiesForon-roadmobileandoff-roadequipment,theMOVESandNONROADmodels,respectively,wereusedtodevelopemissionsfromthesesources.lntheuseofthesemodels,activitydatawereincludedinthemodelinputfifes.ForanytypeofdatausedbythemodelforwhichDelaware-specificclatadidnotexist,themodelusedthesystemdefaults.DetailsaboutDelaware-specificanddefaultparametersarediscussedintheon-roadandnon-roadsections.Themodelsaccountforcontrols,someofwhichreflectcontrolsspecifíctoDelaware.EmissionsSummaryThefollowingemissionsummariespresenttheentire2011emissioninventoryforVOC,NO*,andCOforNewCastleCountyandSussexCountybrokendownbysourcesector.Throughoutthisdocument,annualemissionsarereportedintonsperyear(TPY)andsummerseasonweekdaydailyemissionsintonsperday(TPD).Thetotalsmaynotmatchthesumoftheindividualvaluesduetoindependentrounding.able1-2"2011NewcasfleGountvEmlss¡onsþvsourcesoctorSourceSectorAnnual(TPY)sswÐ(TPD)vocNO*covocNO^coPoint8362,7503,6493.0212.0212.32Non-point4,8821,3243,42511.392.112.24On-road3,2857,49537,4898.8520.6591.58Non-road1,9893,57720,6887.O411.1979.33AllSectors10,992'15,14665,25{30.3045.97185.47Table{-3.20,llSussexEmassionsþvsourcosectorSourceSectorAnnual(ïPY)sswD(TPD)vocNOrcovocNO,coPoint8152,4564424.9412.101.60Non-point2,1774782,4635.950,862.O5On-road2,9744,70228,323B.8614.8778.67Non-road2,5583,04516,9178.47'10.0260.50AllSectors8,52410,68148,14528.2237.85142.82Section2StationaryPointSourcesThepoÍntsourceinventoryrepresentsfacility-specificdataforlargerstationarysources.Emissionsdataforallothersourcecategoriesarereportedatthecountylevel,Pointsourcestypícallyincludelargeindustrial,commercialandinstitutionalfacilities.Manufacturingfacilities,withintheindustrialsector,comprisethemajorityofallreportingpointsources.Theinstitutionalsectoríncludeshospitals,universities,prisons,militarybases,landfills,andwastewatertreatmentplants.UnlikeothersourcesectoremissionswhichareestimatedbyÞAQ,pointsourceemiss¡onsdataaresubmittedtoDAQbythefacilities.Ëmissionsarereportedattheprocesslevelandincludebothconfined(stack)emissionpointsaswellasunconfined(fugitive)emissionsources.Akeyaspectofpointsourcedataistheinclusionoffacilitycoordinatestoaccuratelyallocateemissionsspatiallywithinacountyforpurposesofperformingairdispersionmodeling.Theplanningandexecutionofthepointsourceinventorywasaccomplishedinthefollowingchronologicalorder:.Ëstabfishthereportingcriteriaandlistoffacilitiestosuruey;.Obtaininventorydatafromfacilities;.Performadministrativeandtechnicalreviewofdatareceivedfromfacilities;.Seekresubmissions/correctionsfromfacilitiesbasedondatareview;.Performinternaldatamanipulation(i.e.,applyruleeffectiveness,rernovenon-reactiveVOCs,createsummerseasonweekdayemissionvalues);and.Prepareinventorydatafiles,report,andsupportingdocumentation'Sincetheremaybeoverlapbetweenpointsourcesandstationarynon-pointsourcecategories,onefinalactivityrequiredofthepointsourceinventorystaffistoprovidepointsourcebackoutdatawhereappropriate.Pointsourcebackoutdataincludesemissions,throughput,oremployees,dependingonthenon-pointsourcecategorymethodology.Thefollowingcriteriawereestablishedfordefiningtheuniverseoffacilitiestobesurveyedfor2011:.FacilitiesthatheldaTitleVpermitin2011;.Anyfacilitywithemissionsgreaterthan5TPYforVOCsor25TPYforNO*in2008,2009or2010,aspreviouslyreportedtotheDAQinventoryprogram;and.AnyfacilitythatmaybeasignificantsourceofemissionsbutforwhichDAQdoesnothavepreviousinventorydata,orotherwiseofparticularinterest.Basedonthesecriteria,T2facifitiesstatewidereportedairemissionsdata1or2011.SinceonlyNewCastleandSussexCountieshavebeendesignatedwithinamarginalnon-attainmentareaforthe2008Bhourozonestandard,atotalof57facilitieswilfbepresentedinthisreport.EmíssionsSummaryTable2-1.2011FEmlssionsforNewCastleFacllityNamevocNI),coTPYTPDTPYTPDTPYTPDA,l.DuPontHospital10.01c0.1010.02AirLiquide-ÞelawareCity<1<0,0100<1<0.01AmtrakMaintenanceFacility2<0,014030AshlandResearchCenter(Hercules)1<0.0120.0140.02AstrazenecaPharmaceuticals1<0.0170.0470.02BASF(CibaSpecialtyChemicals)240.07110.03240.06Calpine-Christiana(Conectiv)<1<0.011o.42<10.01Calpine-DelawareCity(Conectiv)<1<0.01<10.06<1<0.01Calpine-EdgeMoor(Conectiv)25o.213461,741100.43Calpine-HayRoad(Conectiv)33o.126022.191670.61Calpine-WestSubstation(Conectiv)<1<0.01<10.20<10,01ChristianaHospital1<0.0114c.r3110,05CleanEarthofNewCastle30,03200.1440.03Croda(Uniqema)40.01240.09260.08DassaultFalconJet140.031<0.011<0.01DelawareCityRefínery(Premcor)3031.221,0724.516172.14CityTermínal(Premcor)180.05<1<0.01<1<0.01CorrectionalCenter-Smyrna<1<0.0150.0170.02DiamondMaterials30.0340.05130.13DSWACherrylslandLan<Jfill2400710.0230.05DuPont-ChestnutRun30.024B0.1550.01DuPont-EdgeMoor990.29270.082,0515.97DuPont-RedLion20.01230.1040.02DuPontBuilding-Wilmington<1<0.0160.0650.03DuPontExperimentalStationB0.051800.7617c.09DuPontStine-HaskeflLab30.02I0.13100,05E-A-RSpecialtyComposites20,01<1<0.01<1<0.01ËvrazÇlaymontSteel39o,201660.493461.03Fisker(GeneralMotors)1<0.01110.03B0.02FMC30.01310,08260.06FormosaPlastics590.16320.10220.05FPlnternational20,011<0.011<0.01JohnsonControlsBattery<1<0.013<0.012<0.01KuehneChemical<1<0.012<0.011<0.01MacDermid1<0.01<1<0.01<1<0.01MagellanTerminals390.102<0.011<0.01Micropore30.010000Printpack440.1330.0130.01Rohm&HaasElectronicMaterials70.0340.o250.02Sunoco460.10540.141110,10UniversityofDelaware-Newark4<0.01200.03260.06VeteransAdministrationHospital<1<0.0140.0630.02v1/ilmingtonWWTP1<0.0140.0140.01NewGastleCountyTotal8363.022,75A12.023,64912.32Table2-2.2011FËmissíonsforSussexGoFacllltyNamevocNO'coTPYTPDTPYTPDTPYTPDAllenharim(AllenFamilyFoods)<102020AmickFarms(Allen'sMílling)<1<0.0140.0530.02DSWASouthernLandfill110,03400.132330.61lnvísta70.0220.09100.06Justinïanks6).020000MountaireFarms-MillsboroI<0.0140.02I0.02MountaireFarms-Selbyville<1<0.0117c.0520.01Multi-TechBo.o40000NRGlndianRiverPowerPlant170.092,35211.681710.84OSGShípManagement(Maritrans)7644.730000PerdueFarms-Bridgeville<1<0.0150.a240.01PerdueFarms-Georgetown<1<0.01I0.0250.01PerdueFarmsAgrirecycle<1<0.01160.03<1<0.01PinnacleFoods1<0.015o.o230.02SussexCountyTotalBf54.942,45612.104421.60Section3StationaryNon-PointSourcesStationarynon-pointsourcesrepresentalargeanddiversesetofindividualemissionsourcecategories.Anon-pointsourcecategoryiseitherrepresentedbysmallfacilitiestoonumeroustoindividuallyinventory,suchascommercialcookingatrestaurantsandfuelcombustionatavarietyofsmallbusinesses,orísacommonactivity,suchasresidentialopenburning.Emissionsfromthenon-pointsourcecategorieswereestimatedatthecountylevel.SourceCategoriesThereareanumberofnon-pointsourcecategorieswhichcontributeemissionsofozoneprecursors,Thesecategoriescanbegroupedintoseverafcategorytypes.Theseinclude:'SolventUse*ManyproductsusedbyhomeownersandbusinessescontainVOCsolventstoachievetheintendedpurposeoftheproduct.Paints,cleaners,pesticides,personalcareproducts,andinksareafewexamplesofproductsthatcontainVOCsolvents..GasollneUsage-Thedistributionanduseofgasolineinvehiclesandothergasoline-poweredenginesresultinemissionsofVOCswheneverthevolatilegasolinevaporsareallowedtoescape..FuelCombustion-Thecombustionoffuelsinindustrial,commercial,institutional,andresÍdentialfurnaces,engines,boilers,woodstoves,andfireplacescreateemissionsofVOCs,NO,,andCO..OpenBurning-OpenburningcreatesemissionsofVOCs,NO*andCO.Openburningcategoriesincludetrashburning,prescribedburning,burningoflandclearingdebris,wildfires,andhouseandvehiclefires.lndividualfacifitiesaretypicallygroupedwithotherlikesourcesintoasourcecategory.Sourcecategoriesaregroupedinsuchawaythatemissionsáreestímatedcollectivelyusingonemethodology.Forthe2011inventory,thedistinctionbetweenpointandnon-pointwasdefinedbyanannualemissionthresholdbasedonrecentpointsourcedata(seeSection2forpointsourcecritería).ïable3-1liststhesourcecategoriesforwhichVOCs,NO*andCOforNewCastfeandSussexCountieswereestimated.EmissionËstimationMethodologiesandActivityDataÏhe2008DelawarePeriodicEmissionlnventoryservedasthestartingpointfornon-pointsourcecategoryselectionandmethodologydevelopment.Newmethodswereappliedtosomeexistingsourcecategories,andemíssionfactorswereupdatedwhereavailable.NewmethodsandemissionfactorscameprimarilyfromcurrentEmissionlnventorylmprovementProgram,Volume///documentsanddocumentedprojectsperformedbytheCaliforniaAirResourceBoard(CARB),OthersourcesofinformationincludedtheAompilationofAirPollutantEmissionFactors,VolumeI(AP42),theFactorlnformationRetrievalSysfem(FIRE),andseveralprojectsperformedbytheMid-AtlanticRegionalAirManagementAssociation(MARAMA),theEasternRegionalTechnicalAdvisoryCommittee(ERTAC)andËPA.able3-1.NonSourceorieslnventoriedVOGEmissionsOnlyËmlsslonsofVOC,NO*,andGOAgriculturalPesticidesAgriculturalBurningAIMCoatingsCommercialCookingAsphaltPavingCommercialFuelCombustionAutobodyRefinishinglndustrialFuelCombustionSommercial&GonsumerProductsLandClearingDebrisBurningDegreasingPrescribedBurningDryCleaningResidentialFuelCombustionGasoline(Petroleum)MarketingResidentialOpenBurningGraphicArtsResidentíalWoodCombustionndustrialAdhesivesStructureFireslndustrialSurfaceCoatingsVehicleFiresTrafficMarkingsWildfiresEmissionsfrommostnon-pointsourcecategorieswereestimatedbymultiplyinganindÍcatorofcollectiveactivítybyacorrespondingemissionfactor.Anindicatorisanyparameterassociatedwiththeactivítylevelofasource,suchasproduction,employment,fuelusage,orpopulationthatcanbecorrelatedwiththeemíssionsfromthatsource.Thecorrespondingemissionfactorsareperunitofproduction,perempfoyee,perunitofcommodityconsumed,orpercapita,respectively.Thebasicequationthatwasappliedtoemissiondevelopmentformostnon-poÍntsourcecategoriesisasfollows:Emissions(E)=ActivitVData(Q)xEmissionFactor(EF)lfasourcecategoryhadaregulatorycontrolplacedonitattheFederalorStatelevel,thêequationexpandstothefollowing:where:Ë=OXEFX[1-(CËXREXRP)ICE=controlefficiencyRE=ruleeffectivenessRP=rulepenetrationThecontrolefficiency(CE)representsthetypicafemissionsreductionachievedascomparedtotheotheruiseuncontrolledemissions.Acontrolmaybeapieceofequipment,suchasacondenserusedtorecovervaporizedsolvent,oritmaybeanoperationalcontrol,suchastheuseofonlylowVOCcontentpaints.iìuleetfectiveness(RË)reflectstheabilityoftheregulatoryprogramtoachieveallemissionsreductionsthatcouldhavebeenachievedbyfullcompliancewiththeapplicableregulationsatallsourcesatalltimes.lfaruleisnotbeingfollowedbyalloftheregulatedcommunity,thenemissionswillbehigherthanwouldotherwisebeiftherewas100%compliance.Asanexample,whiletheburningoftrashisillegalunderanycircumstancesinDelaware,thepracticeofburninghouseholdtrashinbackyardburnbarrelsstilltakesplaceinmanyruralareasoftheState.Rulepenetration(RP)representsthepercentofsourceswithinasourcecategorythataresubjecttotheruletiratrequirescontrol,Asanexample,gasstationsthatdispensemoÍethan10,000gallonsofgasolineinamontharerequiredbyDelawareregulationstoplacevaporrecoverysystemsontheirgasþumps.Thosedispensinglessthan10,000galfonsarenotrequiredtoinstallcontrols'Therefore,RPisiessthan100Vo.lnthecãseoftheburningoftrashorleaves,nopersonorbusinessisexempt,andthusRPis100%.Themassbalanceapproachwasusedforseveralsourcecategoriesasanalternativetotheuseofanemissionfactor.ThemassbalanceapproachisapplicabletoVOCsourcecategorieswherealloftheVOCcontentintheproductsused(i.e.,paintsandadhesives)evaporatesandisemittedasaresultofthenormaluseoftheproduct.RawmaterialorproductpurchaserecordswereusedtoquantifyemissionsEmissionswereequatedtotheVOCcontentofthematerialusageminusamountsleavíngthesiteasorinwaste.Amajorportionoftheworkinvolvedincreatingthe2011non-pointsourceinventorywasincollectingactivityOãta'foreachsourcecategory.Theactivitydatagatheredwasrelatedtothetypeofemissionfactorsavailableand,inmanycases,obtainedfromlocalsources.Surveys,letters,e-mails,andphonecallstoindividualbusinessestoobtainrepresentativedataforasourcecategorywasatechniqueusedforseveralsourcecategories.ThetypeofactivitydataandthedatasourceforeachcategoryisprovidedinTable3-2,Pointsourcebackoutwasperformedfortheindustrialandcommercialfuelcombustioncategoriesandmanyofthesolventusagecategoriestoavoiddoublecountingofemissionsbetweenpointandnon-pointsources.Pointsourcefuelusagewasbacl<edoutfromfuelconsumptiondataobtainedfromtheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy's(DOE)EnergylnformationAdministration(ElA).PointsourceemploymentwasþackedoutfromemþbymentdataobtainedfromtheDelawareDepartmentofLabor.Non-reactiveVOCswereexcludedfromemissionestimates.Emissionfactorsspecifiedasnon'methaneorganiccarbon(NMOC)inAP-42wereusedwhenavailable,lnsomeinstances,theAP-42emissionfactorwasíntermsoftotalorganiccarbon(TOC)andthepercentageofthemethanecomponentwasindicatedinafootnote.lnthesecases,theemissionfactorwasreducedbythepercentageofmethanetoremovethenon-reactivemethanecomponentintheemissiontotal'Forexample,forevaporativeemissionsfromcrudeoil,themethanecomponentwas15percent'Theemissionfactorwasreducedby15percenttoremovemethanefromthecalculation.Sourceactivitymayfluctuatesignificantlyonaseasonalbasis.Asanexample,residentialwoodcombustionisprimarilyperformedoutsidethesummerseason.Paintusage,ontheotherhand,isusedmoreofteninthewarmermonthsoftheyear.Becausenon-pointsourceemissionsaregenerallyadirectfunctionofsourceactivity,seasonalchangesinactivitylevelswereexaminedclosely.Emissionswerecalculatedonanannualbasis.Summerseasonweekday(SSWD)dailyemissionsweredevelopedthroughtheuseofatemporalallocationfactor(TAF)apptiedtotheannualemissions.MonthlyandweeklyprofileswereusedtodeveloptheTAF.Themonthlyprofileforeachsourcecategorywasdevelopedthroughtheuseofmonthlyactivitydata,whenavailable,orthroughEPAguidance(Procedwes,Volume/andEllPdocuments.)MostweeklyprofilesweredevelopedthroughËPAguidancewhichdefinesactivitytakingplacefive,six,orsevendaysperweek.ThroughEPAguidance,allTAFsincludetheworkweek.AfewTAFsweredevelopedbasedontheexactdatesofepisodicactivity,suchasfirefightingtrainingburnsandwildfires.able3-2.ot201SourceDatâSourceGategory|ActivityDataSourceofActlvityDataAgriculturalBurningAcreageandvegetationtypeDAQAreaSourceComplianceProgramAgriculturalPesticideslPlantedcropacreageDelawareÞepartmentofAgricultureAIMCoatingsSolventsinU.S.paíntshipments;U.S.PopulationU.S.CensusBureauAsphaltPavingCutbackandemulsifiedasphaltusageDelawareDepartmentofTransportationAutobodyRefínishinglEmploymentdataDelawareÞepartmentofLaborCommercial&ConsumerProductsPopulationDelawarePopulationConsortiumCommercíaIGookingPopulationDelawarePopulationConsortiumCommercialFuelCombustionFuelconsumptionDOEEnergylnformationAdmin.DegreasingEmploymentdataDelawareDepartmentofLaborDryCleaningFacílity-levelsolventusageDAQAreaSourceComplianceProgramGasoline(Petroleum)MarketingGasolinefuelsales;VMTthroughuseofMOVES($tage2);employmentdata(comm.PFCs)FHWAMotorFuelTaxAdministratÍon;DeIDOï(VMT);ÞelawareDepartmentofLabor(employmentdata)SraphicArtsEmploymentdataDelawareDepartmentofLaborlndustríalAdhesivesPopulatíonDelawarePopulationConsortiumlndustrialFuelCombustionFuelconsumptionDOEEnergylnformationAdmín.IndustrialSurfaceGoatÍngsËmploymentdataDelawareDepartmentofLaborLandClearingDebr¡sBurningAcreagedisturbedduringroad,commerciaf,andresidentialconstructionÞAQdatacalculatedfortheconstructiondustcategoriesPrescribedBurningAcreageandvegetationtypeDAQAreaSourceCompfianceProgramResidentialFuelCombustionFuelconsumptionDOEEnergylnformationAdmin.ResidentialOpenBurningRuralhouseholdsU.S.CensusBureauResidentialWoodCombustionOccupiedhouseholdsDelawarePopulationConsortiumStructureFiresNumberofstructuresfiresDefawareFíreMarshalandDAQAreaSourceComplianceProgramTrafficMarkingsU,S.paintshipments;U.S.andStatepublicroadmilesU.S.CensusBureau;FHWAhighwaystatisticspublícationVehicleFiresNumberofvehíclefiresDelawareFireMarshalWíldfiresAcreageandvegetationtypeDefawareDivisionofForestryEmissionsSummaryTables3-3and3-4providecountysummariesofthe2011annual(tonsperyèar,TPY)andSSWD(tonsperday,TPD)emissionsforeachnon-pointsourcecategoryforNewCastleCountyandSussexCounty,respectively.Thetotalsmaynotmatchthesumoftheindividualvaluesduetoindependentrounding.Table3-3.$ummaryof20llEmissionsforNewCastleSourceCategoriosv0cNoxcoTPYTPDTPYTPDTPYTPDSOLVENTUSËAgriculturalPesticides1140.36l=-l--AIMCoatings6022.26AsphaltPaving<1<0.01AutoRefinishing2601.00Commercial&ConsumerProducts1,2453.53DryCleaning<1<0.01GraphicArts570.21lndustrialAdhesíves&Sealants1270.39lndustrialSurfaceCoating910.35SolventCleaning1910.68ïraffÍcMarkings60.06SolventUseTotal2,6928.85GASOLINEMARKETINGRetailGasolineSfafr'onsTankTruckUnloading(Stage1)1190.41RefuelingandPFCFilling(Stage1020.33UndergroundTankBreathing810.24TankTrucksinTransit70.02OtherGasolineMarketingActivitiesAircraftRefueling230.07Marinas180.06PortableFuelContainers2410,83CMVLoadingandTransport1210.33GasolineMarketingTotaf7122.29FUELCOMBUSTIONCommercial/lnstitutíonal180.033320.602700.50lndustrial210063841.203170,99ResidentialFossilFuel2780.025250.302150.13ResidentialWood6330.0760lo.or35720.43uelGombustionTotal6990.191,3022.114,3742.05OPËNBURNINGAgriculturalBurning000000ResidentialOpenBurning1<0.01<1<0.01110.01LandClearíngDebrisBurning000000PrescribedBurning150703250StructureFires30.01<1<0,01'140.03VehicleFires1<0.01<1<0.0140.01Wildfires000000OpenBurningTotal200.01I<0.013530.05MISCELLANEOUSSOURCESCommercialCooking200.05520.14NON.POINTSECTORTOTAL4,88211.391,3242.113,4252.24ableol2911tEmissionsforSussexSourceCategoriesvocNOxcoTPYTPDTPYTPDTPYTPDSOLVENTUSEAgriculturalPesticides4711.40AIMCoatings2220.83\sphaltPaving10.01AutoRefinishing444.17Commercial&ConsumerProducts4591.30DryCleaning1<0.01GraphicArts140.05lndustrialAdhesives&Sealants40o.12ndustrialSurfaceCoating450.17SolventÇleaningB50.32lrafficMarkings60.06SolventUseTotalI,3gg4.45GASOLINEMARKËTINGRetailGasolinestut'o^--_TlTankTruckUnloading(Stage1)730.25RefuelingandPFCFilling(Stage2)704.23UndergroundTankBreathing470-14TankTrucksinTransit40.01AtherGasolineMar4etingActivitiesAircraftRefuelingI0.03Mârínas530.17PortableFuelContainers930.32CMVLoadingandTransport660.18GasollneMarketingTotal4181.34FUELCOMBUSTIONCommercial/lnstitutional<0.010.104450.07lndustrial100.031800,571490.47ResidentialFossilFuelB0.010.17950.09ResidentialWood3180.0627<0.0117550,31FuelCombustionTotal3380.104660_842,0430.94OPENBURNINGAgriculturalBurning4020640ResidentialOpenBurning60.013<0.01500.05LandClearingDebrisBurning50.0120.01750.21PrescribedBurning4020940StructureFires3<0.01<1<0.0115o.o2VehicleFires<1<0.01<1<0.011<0.01Wildfires50.0420.021020.77ÖpenBurningTotal280.06110.034011.06II¡IISCELLANEOUSSOURCESCommercialCooking70.01190.05NON-POINTSËCTORTOTAL2,1775.954780.862,4632.05Section4Non-RoadMobileSourcesNon-roadmobilesourcesrepresentalargeanddiversesetofoff-roadvehiclesandnon-stationaryequipment.EmissionestinratesofVOCs,NO,.andCOforthissourcesectoraccountforexhaustemissionsfromenginefuelcombustion.Non-roadvehicfesandequipmentaregroupedintofoursourcecategorytypesforthepurposeofdevelopingemissionestimates.Theseinclude:.Aircraft-Commercial,military,andprivateaircraftareconsideredunderthissourcecategorY.Locomotives-Commerciallinehaulandyardlocomotivesareconsideredunderthissourcecategory..CommercialMarineVessels(CMVs)*VarioustypesofvesselsthatnavigatetheÞelawareBayandRiverandtheChesapeakeandDelawareCanafareincludedunderthissourcecategory.Recreationalboatsareincludedinthenextcategory..OtherOff-roadVehiclesandEquipment*Allotheroff-roademissionsourcesareaccountedforthroughtheuseofEPA'sNONROADmodel.TheNONROADmodelcompilesoff-roadequipmentpertinenttoDeJawareintothefollowingsubcategories:.Recreational(land-based);.Construction;.lndustrial;.LawnandGarden;'Agricultural;.Commercial;.Logging;.AirportGroundSupport;.RecreationalMarine;and.RailwayMaintenance.lndividualequipmentSCCscoveredintheNONROADmodelarefurtherbrokendownbythefueltype,includingZ-strokegasoline,4-strokegasoline,diesel,liquefiedpetroleumgas(LPG),andcompressednaturalgas(CNG).EmissionEstimationMethodologiesThe2008DelawarePeriodicEmissionlnventoryservedasthestartingpointfornon-roadsourcecategoryselectionandmethodologydevelopment,NonewsourceswereaddedtoDelaware'soff-roadmobilesourceinventory.However,anewversionoftheFederalAviationAdministration's(FAA)EmissíonsandDispersionModelingSystem(EDMS)wereusedfor2011.Simílartotheestimationofstationarynon-pointemissions,off-roadequipmentemissionswereestimatedbymultiplyinganindicatorofcollectiveactivitywithintheinventoryareaforasourcecategorybyacorrespondingemissionfactor.Theindicatorsofactivityforoff-roadsourcesincludelandingandtake-offs(LTOs),vesselport-ofcalls,time-in-mode(TlMs,whicharepertinenttoaircraftandCMVs),grosstonmiles(locomotives),equipmentpopulationsandeconomicactivity(bothpertinenttoNONROADequipment)thatcanbecorrelatedwiththeemissionsfromthatsource.Thecorrespondingemissionfactorsareamountofpollutant(eithergramsorpounds)perunitoffuelused(locomotivesandmilitary/commercialaircraft),perLTO(airtaxiandgeneralaviation)orperunitofpoweroutputinbrakehorsepowerorkilowatt-hours(NONROADequipmentandCMVs,respectively).Amajorportionoftheworkinvolvedincreatingthe2011non-roadsourceinventorywasincollectingactivitydataforeachsourcecategory.Theactivitydatagatheredwasrelatedtothetypeofemissionfactorsavailableand,inmanycases,obtainedfromlocalsources.Moreinformationaboutgatheringactivitydataforeachsourcecategoryíspresentedbelow.Therearenopointsourcedatathatmustbebackedoutofthenon-roadmobilesourcesector.Eventhoughlargerairportsmayreportasapointsource,theirreportedpointsourceemissionsdonotincludegroundsupportequipmentoraircraftengineemissions.Also,aircraftemissionsareestimatedonlyforLTOsthattakeplaceataDelawareairport.EmissionsfromaircraftthattransitDelawareairspacearenotincludedinDelaware'sinventory.EmissionsSummaryTables4-1and4-2providecountysummarlesofthe2011annual(tonsperyear,TPY)andSSWD(tonsperday,TPD)emissionsforaircraft,locomotives,commercialmarinevessels,andallequipmentemisslonsestimatedusingËPA'sNONROADmodel,Thenon-roadsectorisasignificantcontributortoozoneprecursorsinDelaware.CastleCouTable4-2.Sot2011Non-roadEmissionsiorSussex$ourceCategoriesvocNoxcoTPYTPDTPYTPDTPYTPDNONROADModelEquipment2,5078.341,7386.3416,53159.38AircraftI0.021<0.012590.78Locomotives2<0,01210.0650.01CommercialMarineVessels410.111,2853.621220.33$US$EXCOUNTYTOTAL2,5588.473,045{0.0216,91790.50NONROADModelEquipmentDAQusedNONROAÞ2008atodevelop2011annualemissionestimatesforNewCastleCountyandSussexCounty.MostequipmentcoveredbytheNONROADmodelispoweredbydiesel-fueledcompression-ignitionenginesorgasoline-fueledspark-ignitionengines.Enginesfueledbycompressednaturalgas(CNG)andliquefiedpetroleumgas(LPG)enginesarealsoincludedintheNONROADmodel.Table4-1.of2O11Non-roadEmissionsforNewSourceCategoriesvocNoxcoTPYTPDTPYTPDTPYTPDNONROADModelEquipment1,BBB6.761,7606.2319,84976.90Aircraft310.09560.136301.86Locomotives190.052330.64480.13SommercialMarineVessels510.141,5284.191610.44NEWCASTLECOUNTYTOTAL1,9897.O43,577Il.l920,68879.33Table4-3listsgeneralSCCsaddressedbytheNONROADmodel.Equipmentcategoriesaredefinedatthe7-digitSCClevel(withrecreationalmarineandrailwaymaintenancebeingexceptions)andspecificequipmentaredefinedatthelO-digítSCClevel.Toestimatepollutantemissions,theNONROADmodelmultipliesequipmentpopulationsandtheirassociatedactivítybytheappropriateemissionfactors.Geographicallocationfactors(GAFs)areusedtodishibutenationalequipmentpopulationstostates/counties.Thesefactorsarebasedonsurrogateindicatorsofequipmentpopulations.Forexample,harvestedcroplandisthesurrogateindicatorusedinallocatingagriculturalequipment.Anationalaverageengineactivity(i.e.,loadfactortimesannualhoursofuse)isusedinNONROAD.Toimprovetheaccuracyofthemodelruns,defaultinputswerereplacedintheNONROADmodeloptionfilesforselectparameters.lntheoptionspacket,inputsthatcanbereplacedinclude:Reidvaporpressure(RVp),temperature,oxygenatedfuelweightpercent,andfuelsulfurlevels.Localact¡vitydatainputs,suchasequipmentpopulationsoractivity(e.9.,hoursofuseorloadfactors),canalsoreplacedefaultvaluesinthemodel.NONROADmodeloptionfileswerepreparedtoaccountfortemperaturesandfuelcharacteristicsrepresentativeofeachcountyforeachofthefourseasons(winter,spring,summer,andfall).Temperatureandfuelinputvaluesforeachthree-monthperiod(December-February,March-May,JuneAugust,andSeptember-November)wereaveragedtoestimateseasonalvalues.Minimum,maximum,andaveragetemperaturespermonthwereoþtainedfromtheNationalWeatherServicefortheNewCastleCountyAirportandtheGeorgetownAirport.Table44presentsasummaryofcountytemperatureandgasolinefuelcharacteristicsdatausedforeachseason.Asulfurcontentof15ppmforoff-roaddieselfuelwasusedfor2011basedonEPArequirements.Table4-3.$CGsAddressedSCGDescriptlons12265004xxxI12265005xxx122ô5006xxx2265007xxx2265008xxx226501xxxx2267xxxxxx2267001xxx2267002xxx2267003xt¡x2267ÛO4xxx2267005xxx2267006xxx2267008xxx|2-strokegasolineengines|-recreationalvehiclesI|-constructionequipment|-industrialequipmentI-lawn&gardenequipment|-agriculturalequipmentIlightcommerciallequipmenti-loggingequipmentl¿-strokegasolineengines-recreationafvehicles-constructionequipment-industrialequipment-lawn&gardenequipment-agriculturalequipment-lightcommercialequipment-loggingequipment-airportserviceequipment-oilfieldequipmentLPGengines-recreationafvehicles-constructionequipment-industrialequipment-lawn&gardenequipment-agriculturalequipment-lightcommercialequipment-airportserviceequipment2268xxxxxx2268002xxx2268003xxx2268005xxx2268006xxx226801xxxx2270xxxxxx227A}l1xxx227O}0?xxx227O1}3xxx2270104xxx2270005xxx2270006xxx2270007xxx2270008xxx2270009xxx227001xxxx2Z82xxxxxx2285xxx015CNGengines-constructionequipment-industrialequipment-agriculturalequipment-lightcommercialequipment-oÍlfieldequipmentDieselengines-recreationalvehicles-constructionequipment-industrialequipment-lawn&gardenequipment-farmequipment-lightcommercialequipment-loggingequipment-airportserviceequipment-undergroundminingequipment-oilfietdequipmentRecreationalmarineequipmentRailwaymaintenanceequipmentTable44,NONROADModelTemperatureandFuelCharacteristiclnputValuesGountySeasonOxygenWelght%RVPpsiGasollneSulfurppmDailyAverageTemperature,oFMinimumMaximumAverageNewCastleSummer3"66.943.667B677NewCastleAutumn3.679.10546.55506758\ewCastleWinter3.7911.3149.5284336NewCastleSpring3.679.10546.55466455SussexSummer3.58749.1678776SussexAutumn3.7159.15543.35527061SussexWinter3.8511.3137.6304839SussexSpring3.7',!59.15543.35476556Seasonfor20fIDAQresearchedtheavailabilítyofstateandcounty-specificdatatoimproveuponthedefaultequipmentpopulationsandGAFsincorporatedinthemodel,DAQreplacedthedefaultequipmentpopulationofrecreationalmarineequipmentwithDelaware-specificdata.DAQusedrecreationalboatregistrationdataprovidedbytheDelawareDivisionofFishandWildlifetoestimatethetotalrecreationalmarineequipmentpopulationinusewíthinDelawarewaters.DAQdeterminedthistobeapreferableapproachtotheNONROADdefaultapproachofatop-downallocationofthenationalequipmentpopulation.However,registrationdatawerenotusedtoallocaterecreationalmarineactivitytothecountylevelbecauseresidentsmayregistertheirboatsinonecounty,butusetheirboatsinotherpartsoftheStateorneighboringcounties.DAQupdatedGAFsfornumerousequipmentcategoríes.Table4-5providesafistofGAFsandtheassociatedequípmentpopulationsthatusetheGAFsthatwereupdatedwith2011Delaware-specificdata.Forgolfcarts,DAQreplacedtheGAFsbasedonthenumberofgolfcoursesineachcountywiththecountytotalsquarekilometersofgolfcoursesineachcounty.DAQbelievesthatgolfcartusageismoredirectlyrelatedtothesizeofeachgolfcoursethantothenumberofcoursesthatexistineachcounty.lfanequipmentpopufationísnotidentifiedinTable4-5,thenthemodeldefaultGAFswereusedinthe2011runs.AllocationFactorsSampleCalculationsandRes¿//fsThestandardNONROADmodelemissionequationisasfollows:foxtr=Eexh*A*L"P*N=Exhaustemissions,(ton/year)Ëexn=Exhaustemissionfactor,(ton/hp-hr)Tabfe4-5.20,ICGeographicAllocationFactorDataSourceEquipmentPopulationPopulationDEPopulationConsortiumAircraftNOxemissionsDelaware2008inventoryAirportgroundsupportConstructionemploymentandbuildingpermitsU.S.CensusBureauConstructionHarvestedcropacresDEDepartmentofAgricultureAgriculturalForestharvestpermitacresDEDepartmentofAgricultureLogging{reaofgolfcoursesDelawareStateGolfAssociationGolfcartsrÂ/holesalebusinessesDËDepartmentofLaborCommercialSíngleandduplexhousingU.S.CensusBureauResidentiallawn&gardenLandscapingbusinessesDEDepartmentofLaborCommerciallawn&gardenManufacturingemployeesÞEÞepartmentofLaborlndustrialClassIRailgrosstonmilesClassIOperatorsinDelawareRailmaintenanceRurallandareaU.S,CensusBureauLand-basedrecreat¡onalSnowfallWeatherWarehousewebsiteSnowblowersandsnowmobileswhere:lexhA=Equipmentactivity,(hours/year)l-=Loadfactor,(proportionofratedpowerusedonaveragebasís)P=Averageratedpowerformodeledengines,(hp)N=EquipmentpopulationTable4-7.2011SussexG<runtvEmissiongforNONROADAnnual(TPY)sswD(TPD)FuelTypeEquipmentCategoryvocNO*covocNOtcoGasofineAllEquipment2,36846315,1517.871.6954.42ÐieselAllEquipment1091,',!575870.364.227.11.PGAllEquipment301107390.100.402.65CNGAllEquipment<1I54<0.010.030.19AllFuelsTotal2,547.l,73816,5318-346.3459.38AircraftTheaírcraftsourcecategoryincludesemissionsfromcommercial,airtaxi,generalaviation,andmilitaryaircraft.Thesesubcategoriesaredescribedasfollows:.Commercialaircraftareusedforscheduledservicetransportingpassengers,freight,orboth;.Aírtaxisareusedforscheduledservicecarryingpassengersand/orfreight,butaresmallera¡rcraftthatoperateonamorelimitedbasisthanthecommercíalcarriers;.Generalaviationíncludesothernon-militaryaircraftusedforrecreationalflying,business,personaltransportation,andvariousotheractivities;and.MilitaryaircraftareusedbytheU,S.militaryinawiderangeofmissions.Airport-specifícemissionsforallaircraftsub-categor¡eswereallocatedtothecountyinwhicheachairportislocated.Wheretherearemultipleairportsinagivencounty,theemissionsweresummedtoprovideacounty-levelemissionsestimate.AircraftemissionsarereportedunderthefollowingSCCs:Table4-6.2A11NewCastleEmissionsforNONROADAnnual(TPY)sswD(rPD)FuelTypeËqulpmentCategoryvocNo,I"ovocNO*coGasolineAllEquipment1,72634818,3116.181.2370.94DieselAllËquipment1301,2786920.464.522.68LPGAllEquipment321227780.120.433,01CNGAllEquipment<11267<0.010.040,26AllFuelsTotal1,8881,76019,8496.766.2376.90Table4-8.SCGsforAircraftsccDescriptorIDescrlptor3Descriptor6DescriptorI2275001000MobileSourcesAircraftMilitaryAircraftTotal2275020040MobileSourcesAircraftCommercialAírcraftTotal:AllTypes2275050000MobileSourcesAÍrcraftGeneralAviationTotal2275060000MobileSourcesAircraftAirTaxiïotalDAQestimatedannualaircraftemissionsusingacombinationofairport-specificactivitydataandFederalAviationAdministration(FAA)/EPAemissionfactors.Estimatingaircraftemissionsfocusesonthe"mixingzone,"whichhasaheight(mixingheight)equaltothethicknessoftheinversionlayer.Airemissionswíthinthiszonearetrappedbytheinversionlayerandultimatelyaffectground-levelpollutantconcentrations.Whenaircraftareabovethemixingzone,emissionstendtodisperseandhavenoground-leveleffects.Theaircraftoperationswithinthemixingzonearedefinedbythelandingandtake-off(LTO)cycle.EachLTOcycleconsistsoffivespecificoperatingmodes,.Approach-aircraftoperatesinthismodewhenitapproachestheairportonítsdescentfromthemixingheighttowhenitlandsontherunway..Taxilidle-in-aircraftoperatesinthismodewhenittaxísfromtherunwaytothegateandturnsitsenginesoff..Taxi/idle-out-thisperiodoccursfromenginestart-uptotakeoffastheaircrafttaxisfromthegatebackouttotherunway..Take-off-thismodeischaracterizedprimarifybyfull-throttleoperationthattypicallylastsuntiltheaircraftreachesbetween500and1000feetaboveground,whichiswhenenginepowerisreduced..Climb-out-thismodebeginsrightafterthetake-offmodeandlastsuntiltheaircraftpassesoutofthemixingheight.Theoperationtimeineachofthesemodesisdependentontheaircraftcategory,localmeteorologicalconditions,andoperationalconsiderationsatagivenairport.Thetime-in-mode(TlM)forthetakeoffoperatingmodeistheleastvariable.Thefollowingarethegeneralstepstobeusedtoestimateaircraftemissions:.DeterminethemixingheighttobeusedtodefinetheLTOcycte;.Definethefleetmake-upforeachairport;.DetermineairportactivityíntermsofthenumberofLTOsbyaircrafUenginetype;.SelectemissionfactorsforeachenginemodelassocíatedwiththeaÍrcraftfleet;.EstimatetheTIMfortheaircraftfleetateachairport;.CalculateemissionsbasedonaircraftLTOs,emissionfactorsforeachaircraftenginemodel,andestimatedaircraftTIM;and'Aggregatetheemissionsacrossaircraft,LTOdatawereobtainedfromallairportsinNewCastleCountyandSussexCounty.DataonspecificaircraftandenginetypeswereobtainedonlyfromtheNewCastleCountyairport.Table4-9providestheLTOdatabythefouraircraftgpesforairportsinNewCastleCountyandSussexCounty.Table4-9.2011LTODataforNewCastleandSussexCountiesAirportCounty.CategoryLTOsNewCastleCountyNewCastfeMilitary6,1B0NewCastleCountyNewCastleCommercial39NewCastleCountyNewGastleAirTaxi3,463NewCastleCountyNewCastleGeneralAviation47,305SummitNewCastleGeneralAviation42,200SussexCountySussexGeneralAviation34,000LaurelSussexGeneralAviation9,100DAQusedtheseairport-specificLTOdatatoestimatecommercialandmilitaryaircraftemissionsusingFAA'sEmissionsandDispersionModelingSystem(EÞMS),Version5.1.4.1,Themodelrequiresdetailedinputsonaircraftoperationbyaircraftandenginetype.DAQmatchedtheaircraftLÏOdatatotheexistingaiicraft/enginetypesinËDhl$,andusedthedefaultEDMSTIMdata.Amixingheightof2,300feetwasusedforbothairportsinNewCastleCountybasedonanisoplethchartofannualaveragemorningmixingheightsforthecontinentalU.S.asprovidedinEPA'sProceduresManualTheDelawareArmyNãtional-Guaid(DEARNG)andtheDelawareAirNationalGuard(DEANG)operateunitsattheNewCastleCountyAirportandcontributetothemilitaryLTOsatthatairport.EDMSgeneratesemissionsforVOCs,NO"andCOintonsperyear.Themodelalsogeneratesemissionsfõrgroundsupportequipment(GSE).However,ÞAQusedtheGSEestimatesgeneratedfromtheNONROADmodel,sotheseweresubtractedfromtheEDMSresults.ËPAfleetaverageemissionfactorswereappliedtotheLTOdatatoestimateannualgeneralaviationandairtaxiemissions'SampleCalculatíonsandResulúsCommercialandMilitaryAírcnftTheequationbelowisthecalculationoftaxiandqueuemodetimethatisanairport-specificinputinEDMS.TaxiandQueueModeTime=(AirportAverageTaxi-lnTime+AirportAverageTaxi-OutTime)-EDMSAircraft-SpecificLandingRollTimeThefollowingistheequationusedinEDMStocalculateannualemissionsbyaircrafttypeforoneLTOcycle:Eu=E[(TlM¡d*(FFrkl1000)"(Ëlr¡rJ.(NE¡)lwhere:Eil=Totalemiss¡onofpollutantl,inpounds,producedbyaÍrcrafttypeiforoneLTOcycle,TIM¡=Timeinmodeformodek,inminutes,foraircrafttypelFF¡;=Fuelflowformodek,inpoundsperminute,foreachengineusedontheaircrafttypeiËlr¡x=Emissionindexforpollutanti,inpoundsofpollutantperonethousandpoundsoffuel,inmodekforaircrafttype,lNË¡=NumberofenginesusedonaircrafttypejFinally,annualemissionsperairportarecafculatedwiththefollowingequation:AnnualËmissionsforAirportA(tons/yr)=E[(Eu.LTq)J/2000lbs/tonwhere:ErJ=annualemissionsinpoundsofpollutanti,producedbyaircrafttypeiperLTOcycle.LTOs¡=annualnumberofLTOsforaírcrafttypejAirTaxiandGenoralAviationAircraftThefollowingequatíonistheestimateofairtaxiandgeneralaviationaircraftemissionsusingLTOdataandfleetaverageemissionfactors.ä.:.Ili3s:cåF"Hr.¡f¡*where:E¡=annualemissionsíntonsofpollutantILïOs=annualnumberofLTOsEF¡=defaultaviationfleetmixemissionfactorinpoundsofpollutantforpollutantiLocomotivesRailroadlocomotivesareacombustionsourceofemissionswithmostsígnificantemissionsocæurrÍngwherethereisaconcentrationofrailroadactivi$(suchasalargeswítchyard).Theprimaryfuelconsumedbyrailroadlocomotivesisdistillateoil(dieselfuel).Locomotivescanperformtwodifferenttypesofoperations:linehaulandyard(orswitch).Linehaullocomotivesgenerallytravelbetweendistantlocations,suchasfromonecitytoanother.Yardlocomotivesareprimarilyresponsibleformovingrailcarswithinaparticularrailwayyard.LocomotiveemissionsarereportedundertheSCCsprovidedinTable4-11,Forlinehaullocomotives,DAQcalculatedClassIoperationemissionsseparatelyfromClassll/llloperations.LinehaullocomotiveemissionsforpassengertrainsandcommuterlíneswereestimatedtobezerosincerailserviceinDelaware(AmhakandSEPTA)iselectricpowered.Fuelconsumptionwasusedtoestimatelocomotiveengineemissions.Fuelconsumptionratesareusuallyknownonlyfortheentireinterstateoperatingregion,therefore,itisnecessarytoallocatethetotalamountoffuelconsumed"system"wide"toDelawareanditscounties.aþlê4-10.2011AnnualEmissiorrsbvCountyforA¡rcraftsccAircraftGategoryCountyAnnual(TPY)sswD(rPD)vocNoxcovocNoxGO2275001000MilitaryNewCastle1252440.030.120.102275020000ÇommercialNewCastle<1<1<1<o.0l<0.01<0.012275050000GeneralAviationNewCastle1735380.050.011.622275060000AirTaxiNewCastle2<1490.01<0.01o.1422750xxxxxTota!:AircraftNewCastle3'l566300.090.131.862275450400GeneralAviationSuçsexI12590.02<0.010.78Table4-ll.SCCsforLocomotivessccDescriptor1Descriptor3Descriptor6DescriptorI2285002006MobileSourcesRailroadEquipmentDíeselLineHaulLocomotives:ClasslOperations2285002007MobileSourcesRailroadEquipmentDieselLineHaulLocomotives:ClasslllClasslllOperations2285002010MobileSourcesRailroadEquipmentDieselYardLocomotivesLlneHaulLocomotîves*CfassIOperatlonsCSXTransportationoperatesClassIlocomotiveswithinNewCastleCounty,whileNorfolkSouthernoperatesthroughouttheStateofDelaware.DAQcontactedthesecompaníestoobtainestimatesoffuelconsumptionordatatocalculatefuelconsumption(e.9.,grosston-miles(GTM)andgallonsoffuelconsumedperGTM).NorfolkSouthernprovidedGTMdataatthestatelevel.Toobtainemissionsatthecountylevel,DAQusedthesamecountyallocationsaswasusedinthe2008inventory.NorfolkSouthernprovidedafuelconsumptionindex(GTM/fuelconsumed)forthesystemthatincludesoperationsinDefaware'CSXprovidedGTMandfuelconsumptiondataforNewCastleCounty,theonfycountyinwhichCSXoperatesinDelaware.LineHaulLocomotlves-ClassllllllQperationsTheMaryland&DelawareRailroadoperatesinNewCastleCountyandSussexCounty.TheDelawareCoastLineRailroadoperatesonlyinSussexCounty.Bothcompaniesprovided2011statewidefuelconsumptiondata.FortheMaryland&ÞelawareRailroad,trackmileswithineachcountywereusedtoallocatestatewidefuelconsumptiontoeachcounty.Thesystem-widefuelconsumptionindices,county-specificGTM,andcalculatedcounty-fevelfuelconsumptionforbothClassIandClassll/lllline-hauloperationsareprovidedinTable4-12.Table4-12.2011LocomotiveFuelConsumptlonDatabyGountyforGlassILineHauRailroadGompanyGlassCountyGrossTonMiles(GMT)System-wideGTM/GallonDieselFuelConsumed,gallons/yearNorfolkSouthernINewCastle216,496,6341,083.52199,808NorfolkSouthernISussex126,647,3791,083.52116,885CSXTransportationINewCastle688,000,000903.75761,275[4aryland&Delawareil/il1NewÇastle2,380Mlaryland&Delawareil/iltSussex3,331DelawareCoastLineil/iltSussex9,000YardLocomoffvesTable4-13providesåsummaryofswitchyardoperationsandfuelconsumptíonbyrailcompanyandcounty.CSXandMaryland&DelawareprovidedDelaware-specificfuelconsumptionfor2008,whichwasassumedtoremainthesamefor2011.Anaverageswitchyardenginefuelconsurnptionestimateof32,447gallonsperyearwasappliedbasedonarecentregionalstudycoordinatedthroughtheEasternRegionalTechnicalAdvisoryCommittee.Table4-13.2t'11andËstimatedFuelClassISwitchyardGountyNo.ofYardLocomotlvesFuelConsurned,gallons/yearNorfolkSouthernNewCastle13421,813CSXTransportationNewCastle3180,000Nlaryland&DelawareNewCastle19,640Mlaryland&DelawareSussex219,281SampløCalculationsandResulfsLineHaulLocomotiveTodeterminetheamountofpollutantpatthecountylevel:5r,=Ffl;'r{"f:tlçgwhere:Ep=amountofpollutantpemittedforthecountyinpoundsFC=fuelconsumptionforthecountyingallonsEFp=emissionfactorforpollutantpinpoundspergallonYardLocomotiveTodeterminetheamountofpollutantpatthecounty-level:Ee=Yd"FCv6"EFpwhere:Ëp=amountofpollutantpemittedforthecountyinpoundsYd=numberofyardlocomotívesinthecountyFCva=fuelconsumptionperyardlocomotiveingallonsperyearEFo=emissionfactorforpollutantpinpoundspergallonable4-14,201{LocomotivesËmissfonssccCategoryDescriptionCountyAnnual(TPY)sswD(TPD)vocNoxcovocNOxco2285002006ClassILineHaulNewCastleI109300.020.300.082285002007Classll/lllLineHaulNewCastle<11<1<0.01<0.01<0.012285002010YardLocomotivesNewCastle101231g0.030,340.0522850020xxTotal;NewCastlet9233480.050.640.132285002006ClassILineHaulSussex1134<0.010,040.012285002007Classll/lllLineHaulSussex<14<1<0.010.01<0.012285002010YardLocomotivesSussex<141<0.010.01<0.012285002OxxTotal;Sussex2215<0.010.060.01CommercÍalMarineVesselsTheCMVsectorincludesmanytypesofvessels,suchaslargedeep-draftvessels,bargetowboats,harbortugs,dredgingvessels,ferries,excursionvessels,andcommercialfishingvessels.lnadditiontothenumerousvesseltypes,eachvesseltypeengagesindifferentactivitiessuchashoteling,maneuveringwithintheport,andcruising.lnits1999finalruleforcommercialmarinedíeselengines,EPAdefinedthreecategoriesofmarinedieselenginesbasedonenginedisplacement,powerandrevolutionsperminute(rpm).Table4-15presentsthedefinitionsforeachcategory.DefinitionsTable4-15.U.S.EPAMarinefneCategoryDisplacementpercylinderPowerrange(kW)RPMrange1disp.<5litersandpower¿37kW37-2,30Q1,800-3,000255displacement<30liters1,500-8,0007s0-1,5003displacement¿30liters2,500*80,00060-900TheEPAclassifiesCMVemissionsbyfueltype(residualanddiesel)andbymodeofoperation(portandunderway),CMVsoftenburnmultipletypesoffuelandmayburndifferentfuelsfordifferentoperatingmodesorlocations(i.e.,nearports).ÐAQusedtheportandunderwaySCCstocharacterizetheCMVemissionsaslistedinTable4-16.TheSCCclassificationisbasedonthemostcommontypeoffuelutilizedbythevesselcategory.Ocean-goingvessels(OGV)predominatelyburnintermediatefueloil(lFO).DAOptacedemissionsfromOGVsburningIFOintheresidualfuelSCC.ThisisconsistentwithhowpetroleumproductsalesdataarereportedbytheEnergylnformationAdministrationandEPA'sclassificationoffuels,Table4-16.SGCsforGommercialMarineVessslssccDescriptorIDescriptor3Descriptor6DescriptorI2280042100MobileSourcesMarineVessels,CommercialDieselPortemissions228000220AMobileSourcesMarineVessels,CommercialDieselUnderwayemissions2280003100MobileSourcesMarineVessels,CommercialResidualPortemissions2280003200MobífeSourcesMarineVessels,CommercialResidualUnderwayemissionsïherearefouractivitymodesforCMV;cruise,reducedspeedzone(RSZ),maneuver,andhotel.UnderwayemissionsareestimatedasthecombinedactivityofcruiseandRSZmodes.Portemissionsareestimatedasthecombinedactívityofmaneuveringandhotelingmodes.Emíssionsfromferriesanddredgingareconsideredportemissionssíncethesevesselsoperateprimarilywithintheportarea.DAQcalculatedemissionsforocean-goingvessels,towboats,tug-assístvessels,ferriesandvesselsassocÍatedwithdredgingoperatÍons.ÇMVengineemissionsâreassurnedtobeafunctionofthefollowing:.Modeofoperation,.Vesseltype(bulkcarrier,tanker,towboat,etc.);.Vesseldeadweighttonnage(DWT);.Typeofengine(2-stroke,4-stroke,orsteam);and.Lengthofwaterwaysegment.Therefore,DAQaccountedforthesevariationswhenestimatingCMVactivity.Thefourmodesofoperationthatareperformedbyvesselsaredefinedbelow:Cruise-Thismodeisassumedtobegin25milesoutfromtheportbreakwateruntifthevesselreachesthebreakwater.ThebreakwaterislocatedatthemouthoftheDelawareBay.CruisemodeisonlyapplicabletoSussexCounty.ReducedSpeedZone(RSZ)-Thismodebeginsatthebreakwaterandcontinuesuntilthevesselisonetotwonauticalmilesfromtheberthoranchorage.ïhevesselisassumedtohaveaspeedoftwelveknotsduringthismode.Thismodeisalsoreferredtoastransit,andescortfortowboatsandtug-assistvessels.Maneuvering-Thismodeisdefinedasthetimethevesselslowstobelowfourknotsuntilthedocklinesaresecure.Thismodeisalsoreferredtoasassistmodefortug-assistvessels.Hoteling-Thismodeisdefinedasthetimethevesselisatdock.Duringthismode,thevesseloperatesauxiliaryengínesforefectricalpower.ThewaterwaysegmentdistancesusedtoestimateactivityandtoallocatetheactivitytoeachcountywereestimatedfromtheGoogleEarthwebsitein2008bytracingtheshippingchannel.SegmentdistancesareshowninTable4-17.ThedistanceSouthisgiventothebreakwateratthemouthoftheÞelawareBay.ThedistancenorthisgiventotheDelaware-Pennsylvaniaborder.ThedistancefortheC&DCanalEastisgivenfromtheDelaware-MarylandbordertotheentranceoftheDelawareRiver(ReedyPoínt).Theengineactivityforeachmodeiscalculatedusingthefollowingequation:where:Activityro¿uPowerLoadFactorTimeCalls¡driir¡i{þ'¡uc¡*=Psr*'e"rxJ,øadFacrirrrcTìrüefta,4xC¿{Iç=activitVbymode(kilowatt-hours)=ratedenginepowerbyvesselandenginetype(kilowatts)=loadfactoroftheenginebyvesseltypeandmode=timeinmodepercallbyvesseltype(hours)=numberofcallsbyvesselandenginetypeTable4-17.WaterwavSeomentDlstancesfortheDelawareRlverAreaPointSouthDE/PABorder83.8Oceanport83.3PortofWilmington76.1MagellanTerminal75.6DelawareCítyRefinery66.0C&DCanal62.õLatitude39030'57.7NewCastleCoiKentCo48.5KentCo/SussexCo15,9PointNorthPortofWilmington7.7C&ÐGanal21.2PointEastC&DCanal13.0Thiscalculationmustbeperformedforbothpropulsionandauxiliaryenginesandforeachmode.Bothpropulsionenginesandalxiliaryenginesareoperatingduringcruise,RSZand.maneuveringmodes.Onlyauxiliaryengiñesoperateduringhoteling.Oncetheactivityiscalculated,itisallocatedtothecountylevelusingcountyallocationfactors.ThisapproachtocalculatingactivityofCMVswasusedforallvesseltypesexceptvesselsinvolvedindredgingàótivity.Fordredgirig,theâctivitydatausedforemissionscalculationswasthevolumeofmate-r¡ai-OreOge'0.Oetailsonthesourcesanddevelopmentofactivitydataareprovidedinthefollowingsubsections,Ocøan-GolngVesselsDAeobtainedvesselcaltdataforocean-goingvessels(OGVs)duringcalendaryear2011fromtheMarineExchangefortheDelawareRíverandBay.DatawereobtainedforvesselsthatcalledonportsinDelaware,NewJerseyandpennsylvania.ThedatafortheentireportareaisrequiredsincethemajorityofvesselspassthroughÐelawarewatersenroutetootherports.Thevesselcalldataincludedthevesselname,shiptype,DWÍ,pier,andthedateofthecall.TheshiptypescallingontheDelawareRiverAreaportsin2011areshowninTable4-18.VesselsmayshíftbetweenpiersduringthesamecallontheDelawareRiverarea.DAQadjustedthevesselcalldatatoremovesfiiftsbetweènpiers,wherepossible,toavoiddoublecountingusingamethodologyrecommendedbythestaffoftheMarineExchange,Dataontheenginepowerandenginetype(2-stroÍ<e,4-stroke,anditeam)usedonOGVswerenotavailablethroughtheMarineËxchange.Therefore,ÞAeassignedenginepowerandenginetypebasedonaverageenginedataobtainedfromothersources.Forpropulsionengines,theaverageenginepowerandtheenginetypewereobtainedfromtheEPAreportC'om'merciatMãrineActivityror-oeep-SeaPo¡tsinthellnitedSfafes(DeepSeaPorfs).ThisreportpresentsdataforvesselsthatcalledontheDelawareRiverareaportsduringcalendaryear1996.NotethattheDelawareRiverareaincludesportsinDelaware,NewJerseyandPennsylvania,whicharelocatedontheDelawareRiver.ThenumberofcalfsbyvesselandenginetypeispresentedforspecificDWTranges.Theaverageenginepowerisalsogiven.able4-18.VesselonDelawareRiverAreaPortsin201CodesMainVesselTypeAddltlonalVesselTypeslncludedw/MainTypeBUBulkBulkCargo(BG),Chemical(CH),Bulk(HR)ContainerContaineriBulk(CB),PartContainer(PC)GCGeneralCargoMSMiscellaneousl-ivestock(LV),TallShip(TS)PRPassengerRFRefrigeratedCargo(Reefer)ContainerReefer(CR)RRRollon-Rollotf(RORO)ROROContainer(RC)TATankerTanker(AS),BulkO¡l(BO),ChemicalOilTanket(CO),GasCarrier(PGandNG)VEVehicleCarrierlnordertocalculateunderwayemissions,thenumberofcalls(byvesseltypeandDWTrange)hadtobeallocatedtoeachport.TheportsinDelawareincludethePortofWilmington,MagellanTerminal,ÞelawareCityRefinery,andOceanport.OneportinNewJersey,BermudalnternationalonSalemCreek,islocatedadjacenttoDelaware.AllotherportsinNewJerseyandallportsinPennsylvaniaarelocatednorthoftheDelaware/Pennsylvaniastateline.VesselscallingonNewJerseyandPennsylvaniaportsmustbeincludedinunderwayemissioncalculationsforDelawaresincethevesselstravelthroughtheDelawareportionofthebayandriver.Table4-19presentstheassígnedpropulsionenginepowerandthenumberofcallsbyvesseltype,DWTrangeandenginetypeforcallsontheDelawareRiverareain2011.lnadditiontovesselstravelingintheDelawareRiverBayandRiver,256OGVstraversedtheC&DCanaltoorfromtheChesapeakeBay.Table4-19.AveragePropulsionEnginePowerandtho2011NumberofCallsforOGVsCallingontheDelawareRiverAreaCodeDWTRangeEnglnoTypePower(hp)CallsGodeDWTRangeEngineTypePower(hplCallsBU<25,0002-stroke9,66549RR<15,0002-stroke8,2807BU<25;0004-stroke7,5048RR<15,0004-stroke8,55373U25,00035,0002-stroke9,69664RR15,000-30,0002-stroke12,85241BU35,00045,0002-stroke10,32037RR>30,0002-stroke26,5622BU>45,0002-stroke16,32899TA<30,0002-strol<e10,00840NJandP<25,0002-stroke17,757159A<30,0004-stroke7,07710cc<25,0004-stroke10,89884TA<30,000Steam14,6464cc25,00035,0002-stroke16,327185TA30,000-60,0002-stroke12,6167435,00045,0002-stroke34,46775ÏA30,000-60,0004-stroke15,3605g(¿>45,0002-stroke30,856160rA30,000-60,000Steam15,49851GC<15,0002-stroke5,7846TA60,000-90,0002-stroke16,02665GC<15,0004-stroke3,9447TA60,000-90,0004-stroke14,30510GC15,00030,0002-stroke10,4563rA90,000120,0002-stroke15,451172GC15,00030,0004-stroke7,5361ÏA90,000120,000Steam23,9234MS<10,0002-stroke3,50016TA120,000150,0002-stroke23,04639MS<10,0004-stroke11,671BTA>150,0002-stroke25,559133PR<5,0004-stroke16,1080TA>150,000Steam36,32441RF5,000-10,0002-stroke9,706118VË<12,5002-stroke11,8776RF5,000-10,0004-stroke6,83720VE<12,5004-stroke13,1501RF10,00015,0002-stroke12,500190VË12,500-15,0002-stroke12,85911RF10,00015,0004-stroke15,6724VE12,500-15,0004-stroke14,7702RF>15,CI002-stroke18,467IVE15,000-17,5002-stroke13,91130VE>17,5002-stroke15,224117TowboatsandTugAssÍsfsTowboatsareusedtotransportnon-self-propelledvessels,eítherdrycargoortankerbarges,throughouttheDelawareRiverarea,includingtheC&DCanal.DAQobtaineddataonthenumberoftowboattripsduringcalendaryear2011fromWaterborneÇommerceoftheUnitedSúafes.DAQsuþtractedthenumberoftowboattripsforthePortofWilmington(POW)andtheC&DCanalfromthenumberoftripsontheÞelawareRiver(PAtotheSea).FortowþoatstravelingtoandfromthePOWandtravelingthroughtheC&DCanal,ÞAQassumedthathalfthevesselstravelnorthandtheotherhalftravelsouthto/fromthePOWandthecanal.ln2011,4,492towboattripstransitedDelawarewatersontheDelawareRiver,withatripdefinedasaone-waypassage.640towboattripsenteredorexitedthePortofWilmington,and2,332towboattripstransitedtheC&ÞCanal.TugsassistOGVsfromtheshippingchanneltoitsintendedberthandthenbacktothechannelwhenthevesselleavesport.ThisactivityisconsideredthemaneuveringmodeforOGVs.TwotugsaretypicallyrequiredtoassistanOGVwithaDWTgreaterthan20,000tons;forsmallerOGVs,onetugsuffices,Thenumberoftugassists(2,370in2011)isdírectlyrelatedtothenumberofOGVscallingtoaDelawareport.NotethatatugassistingavesseltoBermudalnternationalinNewJerseyandthepiersattheoilrefiner¡esinMarcusHook,PAwillrequireatugtopickuptheOGVinDelawarewaters,thustugassistsareincludedforthesedocks.Thetugmeetingtimetothedockingtimeisusuallywithinonehour.lnadditÍontoassistingOGVstomaneuverintoport,tugboatsescortgascarriersthroughtheDelawareBayandRiver.Othervesselstypicallydonotutilizeanescott.TugescorttripsareincludedinthenumberoftowboattripstransitingDelawarewaterspresentedabove,DAQd¡dnotestimateemissionsfromhotelingoftowboatsandtugsduetolackofactivitydata.Vesselspeeds,averagemaneuveringandhotelíngtime,propulsionandauxiliaryenginehorsepowerratings,andengineloadfactorsforOGVs,towboats,andtugswereobtainedfromEPA'sDeopSeaPorúsandPreparingPot'tFml.ssl'onlnventories.ForRSZmode,time-in*modeforeachvesselwascalculatedbasedonvesselspeedsandwaterwaysegmentdistancesprovidedínTable4-17.DredgingMaintenancedredgíngisperformedroutinelyontheDelawareRivertokeepthechannelstotheirrequireddepths.Dredgingínvolvesmultiplevessels,includingdredges,assisttugs,andgeneratorbargesthatprovideadditionalpower.Estimatingemissionsfromdredgingvesselengineactivityistimeconsuming.Therefore,DAQdevelopedemissionsbasedonthevolumeofmaterialdredgedduringcalendaryear2011ratherthanengineactivityinkilowatt-hours.DAQobtainedthedredgingactivitydatafromboththeUSACEandfromwithinDNREC.TheamountofmateríaldredgedbyUSACÉcontractorswasobtainedfromtheUSACEreportondredgingcontractsawardedfortheyear2Q11.DAQalsocontactedtheDelawareDivisionofSoilandWaterConservationtoobtaintheamountofmaterialdredgedbytheDivision,Table4-20presentstheestimatedamountofmaterialdredgedandthetypeofdredgeused.DAQassumedallthedredgingactivityismaintenancedredging,Newcutdredgingresultsínhigheremissions,thereforethisassumptionmayresultinloweremissionestimatesthanareactuallyoccurringinthearea.Table4-20.MaterialinDelawareWatersduring201ProjectLocationCountyTypeofEquipmentTotalMaterialDredged(cubicyards)PhiladelphiatotheSeaNewCastleHydraulicDredge549,523PortofWilmingtonNewGastleHydraulicDredge440,525PremcorBerthMaintenanceNewCastleHydraulicDredge230,000PhiladelphiatotheSeaSussexHydraulicDredge142,303Beachfill*RooseveltlnletSussexHydraulicDredge111,000CoastalShorelineProtectionSussexHopper848,000Lewes&RehobothCanalSussexHydraulicDredge32,000FerriesTheCapeMay-LewesFerrywasidentifiedastheonlyferryservícein$ussexCounty.MonthlytripcountdatafortheÇapeMay-LewesFerrywasobtainedbycontactingtheDelawareRiver&BayAuthority.TheCapeMay-LewesFerrymade4,784one-waytripsÍn2011.Timesformaneuveringandidlingatdockwereestimatedbasedoncruisetimeandroundtripschedules.Forsummerweekdayactivity,DAQoþtainedtheaveragenumberofweekdaytripsduringthemonthsofJune,JulyandAugustfromferryschedules.TheThreeFortsFerrywasidentifiedastheonlyferryserviceinNewCastleCounty.ThisferrytravelsfromeitherÞelawareCity,ÞËorFortMott,NJtoFortDelawarelocatedonPeaPatchlslandintheDelawareRiver.MonthlytripcountdatafortheferrywasobtainedbycontactingtheDelawareRiver&BayAuthority.TheThreeFortsFerrymade2,855one-waytripsin2011.TheDelawareRiverandBayAuthorityalsoprovidedtheengineandtime-in-modedatafortheThreeFortsFerry.SpatialAllocatíonDAQdevelopedcountyallocationfactorsforCMVactivitydatabasedonthelocationoftheactivityonthevariouswaterwaysandlengthofthewaterwaysegment.lndevelopingcountyallocationfactors,DAQassumedthatfromlatitude39o30'to25milesbeyondthemouthoftheDelawareBay,theactivityissplitevenlybetweenDelawareandNewJerseysincetheshipchannelroughlycorrespondstotheboundarybetweenthetwostates.Abovelatitude39o30',allemissionsareallocatedtoDelawaresincetheentirebreadthoftheriverisunderDelaware'sjurisdiction.Allocationsweredevelopedforeachactivitymode,sincetheactivitytakesplaceindifferentareasdependingonthemode'ForOGVmaneuveringandhotelingmodes,theactivityisallocatedtothecountyinwhichtheportislocated.AlllargeDelawareportsarelocatedinNewCastleCounty.MuchofthemaneuveringandhotelingactivitythustakesplacetoNewCastleCounty.OGVswilfalsohotelatoneoftheseveralanchoragesalongtheshippíngchannel.EmissionsareestimatedforhotelingthattakesplaceatDelaware'sanchorages.FortheR$Zmode,countyallocationfactorsweredevelopedforthefourportsinDelaware(PortofWilmington,MagellanTerminal,Oceanport,andDelawareCityRefinery),BermudalnternationalinNewJersey,andfromthePennsylvania-Delawarebordertothebreakwater(PA/DEtotheSea)'Allocatingdredgingtoeachcountywasbasedontherivermilesineachcounty,andsplitbetweenDelawareandNewJerseybelowlatitude39030'.WhiletheThreeFortsFerrytravelstoFortMottontheNewJerseysideoftheDelawareRiver,atthatlatitude,Delaware'sjurisdictionalwatersextendthebreadthoftheriver,Therefore,allactívityfortheThreeFortsFerrywasallocatedtoNewCastleCounty.CounTable4-21.20ICommercialMarlneVesselEmissionssccCategoryDescrlptionGountyAnnual(TPY)sswD(TPD)vocNoxcoVOGNOxco2280002100Port-DieselNewCastle3122140.010.330.042280042200Underway-DieselNewCastle12461c¿0.031.270.172280003100Port-ResidualFuelOilNewCastle6172160.020.470.042280003200Underway-RFONewCastle30773700.082.120.19228000xxxxTotal:NewCastle511,5281610.144.19o.442280002100Port-DieselSussex2635<0.01o.170.01¿284002200Underway-DieselSussexI389410.031.',170.'t22280003100Port*ResidualFuelOilSussex4129120.010.350.032280003200Underway-RFOSussex27705640.071.930.17228000xxxxTotal:Sussex411,2951220.113.620.33Section5On-RoadMobileSourcesThe2011on-roadmobilesourceinventoryisanestimateofvehicleemissionsbasedonactualvehíclemilestraveled(VMT)onDelawareroadwaysin2011usingEPA'sMotorVehicleËmissionSimulator(MOVËS)model.Vehiclesincludepassengercars,Iight-dutytrucks,includingsportutilítyvehicles,heavy-dutytrucks,buses,andmotorcycles.DAQisutilizingEPA'sNationalEmissionslnventory(NEl),version1,runoftheMOVESmodel.Duetoresourceconstraínts,DAQhasyettocompletefinalMOVESrunsfor2011.However,DAQhasextensivelydevelopedDelaware-specificmodelinputsandhassubmittedtheseinputfilestoEPAaspartoftheAirEmissionsReportingRule(AERR)requirements.Theseinputswillbesummarizedinthissection.TheapplicableStandardClassificationCodes(SCCs)comprisingvehicletype,roadwayclass,andemissionprocess(exhaust,evaporative,brakewear,ândtirewear)areshowninTable5-1.Asanexample,theSCCapplicabletoexhaustemissionsfromapassengercarfueledbygasolineonanurbaninterstatewouldbe220100123X,withthe"2201001"indicatingthatthevehicleisalight-dutygasolinevehicle,the"23"indicatingtheactivityisoccurringonanurbaninterstate,andthe"X"indicatingthattheemissionsareexhaustemissions.Table5-1.SCCslncludedinOn-roadMobilescGDigitsApplicablePortionofSCCCodePortionthatSGCDescribesDescription1-72201001VehicletypeLight-dutygasolinevehicles(passengercars)1-72201020VehicletypeLight'dutygasolinetrucks1(04,000lbgrossvehicleweíghtrating[GVWR])1-7220104AVehicletypeLight-dutygasolinetrucks2(6,001-8,5001bGVWR)1-72201070VehicletypeHeavy-dutygasolinevehicles(>8,500lbGVWR)1-72201080VehicletypeMotorcycles(gasoline)1-72230001VehicletypeLight-dutydiesefvehicles(passengercars)1-72230060VehicletypeLight-dutydieseltrucks(0-8,500lbGVWR)1-72230071VehicletypeClass2bheavy-dutydieselvehicles(8,501-10,000lbGVWR)1-72230072VehicletypeClass3,4,and5heavy-dutydieselvehicles(10,001-19,500lbGVWR)1-72234073VehicletypeClass6and7heavy-dutydieselvehicles(19,501-33,000rbGVWR)1-72230074VehicletypeClassBheavy-dutydieselvehicles(>33,000lbGMA/R)1-72230075VehicletypeDíeselbusesB-911RoadwaytypeRuralinterstates3-913RoadwaytypeRuralotherprincipalarterials3-915RoadwaytypeRuralminorarterials3-917RoadwaytypeRuralmajorcollectors3-919RoadwaytypeRuralminorcollectors3-921RoadwaytypeRurallocals8-923RoadwaytypeUrbaninterstatesB-925RoadwaytypeUrbanotherfreewaysandexpressways8-927RoadwaytypeUrbanotherprinciPalarterials8-929RoadwaytypeUrbanminorarterials3-931RoadwaytypeUrbancollectors3-933RoadwaytypeUrbanlocals10XEmissionprocessExhaust10VEmíssíonprocessEvaporative10BEmissionprocessBrakewear10TEmissionprocessTirewearDelaware-speclficlnputDataior2011The2008inventorywasthefirstyearthatDAQusedtheMOVESmodeltodevelopon-roadmobíleemissions.TheMOBI[E6.2modelwasusedpreviously.TheMOVESmodelallowsforadjustmentstoavarietyofmodelínputs,andassuch,DAQ,withassistancefromtheDelawareDepartmentofTransþoftation(DelÞ'OT),puFforthconsiderabteeffortincreatingasuiteofcounty-specificinputdatafiles.Thecounty-specifiäinputdatatypescreatedforthe2011inventoryincludeVMT(byvehicleandroadwaytype),vehicleregisirationdatã(vehiclepopulationsandagedistributions),averagespeedsintheformofsïeeabinfractions(weekdayversusweekendandbyroadwaytype),andinspectionandmaintenanceprogramspecifications.Eachoftheseinputdatasetsarediscussedseparatelybelow.DAQrelíesontneir¡OVESmodeldefaultsforfuelparameters(formulationsandsupply),meteorologicaldata(temperatureandrelativehumidity),rampfractions,andweeklyanddailyfractions.VehicleMilesTraveled(VMT)DataTheactivitydatausedfordevelopingtheon-roademissíoninventoryisVMT.DeIDOTprovided2011VMTdatabyroadwaytypeforallcountiesinDelaware.DelÞOTisrequiredtosubmitcalendaryearVMTdataannualiytotheÉeåàralHighwayAdministration's(FHWA)HighwayPerformanceMonitoringSystem(HpMS).ThäVMTisestimatedbasedondatafrompermanenttrafficcountstiationsthroughoutthecounty.'DelDOT'strafficcountprogramprovidesdailyandseasonalvariatíondata.Additionaltemporarystatioñsprovideshorter-termcounisthatareexpandedwithfactorsderivedfromappropriatepermanentcountstations.CountingandexpansionactivitiesareconsistentwithFHWAguidelines.ÏhetrafficdatasubmittedtoHPMSareconsideredthemostaccurateVMTtotalsforDelaware.SincetheVMTprovidedbyDeIDOTissuppliedbyHPMSroadwaytype,thetaskofcreatingVMTbyM9VËSroadtypeiractionsräquiresmappingthetwelveHPMSroadtypestothefourMOVESroadtypes.Theroad'typeallocationsforNewCastleCountyandSussexCountyfor2011areprovidedinTables5-2and5-3,respectively.Table5'2.NewCastleCountyVMTFractionsbyRoadTypeMOVESRoadïypeGodeRoadTypeDescriptionVMTFractionbyRoadType2RuralRestrictedAccess0.00003RuralUnrestrictedAccesso.14444UrbanRestrictedAccess0.29405UrbanUnrestrictedAccess0.5616fotalt.00000Table5-3.SussexCountvVMTFractionsRoadMOVESRoadTypeGodeRoadTypeDescriptionVMTFractionbyRoadType2RuralRestrictedAccess0.00003RuralUnrestrictedAccesso.67234UrbanRestrictedAccess0.00005UrbanUnrestrictedAccess0.3277Total1.0000VMTFractlonsbyVehicleTypeVMTbyvehícleÇpedataarenotcollectedinDelaware,soanafternateprocedurewasdevelopedusingthelocalregístrationdataincalculatingtheVMTmíxesratherthanusingthedefaultMOVESVMTdistributionbyvehicletype.ThismethodologyusesnationaldefaultMOVESmíleageaccumulationdataincombinatíonwiththeDelawarecounty-specificregistrationdatatodevelopestimatesofVMTbyvehicletype.ThenumberofvehÍclesregisteredinÞelawarebymodelyear,vehicletype,fueltypeandcountywasmultipliedbytheaveragenumberofmilesaccumulatedannuallybyvehiclesofthesameage,vehicletypeandfueltypeintheMOBlLE6.2defaultmileageaccumulationdatabase.ThisprovidedanestimateofVMTbyvehicleageandvehicletype.TheseVMTestimateswerethensummedforallyearsbyvehicletype,ThetotalVMTforeachvehicletypewasdividedbythetotalcalculatedVMTtogiveVMTfractionsbyvehicletype.Tables5-4and5-5presenttheresultingVMTfractionsbyvehicletypeforNewCastleCountyandSussexCounty,respectively.able5-4.NewGastleVMTFractionsþvVeh¡cleMOVESVehicleTypeGodeVehlcleDescrlptlonVMTFractionbyVehlcleType11Motorcycle0.007321PassengerCar0.463631PassengerTruck0,366932LightCommercialTruck0.123241lntercityBus0.003842TransitBus0.001443SchoolBus0.001951RefuseTruck0.000352SingleUnitShort-haulTruck0.007753SingleUnitLong-haulTruck0.000754MotorHome0.000251CombinationShort-haulTruck0.0115J2CombinationLong-haulTruck0.0113fotal1.0000Table5-5.SussexGountyVMTFractionsbyveh¡cleMOVESVehicleTypeCodeVehicleDescriptionVMTFractionbyVehicleType11Motorcycle0.011021PassengerCar0.367031PassengerTruck0.424232LightCommercialTruck0.144941lntercityBus0.005442TransitBus0.002043SchoolBus0.001951RefuseTruck0.000452SingleUnitShort-haulTruck0.009053SingleUnitLong-haulTruck0.000954MotorHome0.0002i1CombinationShort-haulTruck0.0164)¿CombinationLong-haulTruck0.0168Iotal,l.0000VMTTemporalAllocationsTheMOVESmodelinputfilesincludeallocationsofVMTbymonth.MonthlyallocationofVMTisaccomplishedthroughtheuseofpermanentcountstationdataprovidedbyDelDOT.For2011,DeIDOTprovidedmonthlyvÑ¡tuataÍrom.24permanentcountstationsthroughoutNewGastleCountyand26inbusse*County.Eachmonth'sdataforallcountstationsinacountyweresummedanddividedbythesumoftheannualVMTrecordedbytheallcountstationsinacounty.ThemonthlyVMTfractionscreatedinthiswayareprovidedinTables5-6and5-7.TableforNewCastleCounty5-6.MonthlvVMTAllocat¡onFract¡onslçastleMonthVMTFractionMonthVMTFractionJanuary0.0711July0.0878February0.0759August0.0852March0.0816September0.0860April0.0838October0.0873Mlay0.0856November0.0848June0,0890December0.0818TableforSussexGounty5-7.ñlonthlvVMTAllocationFractionsMonthVMTFractionMonthVMTFractionJanuary0,0663July0.1070ebruary0.0715August0.0998\4arch0.0743September0.0874\pril0.0802October0.0803May0.0882November0.0753June0.0974Decemþero.0725VehíclePopulationsandAgeDistributíonsVehicleregístrationdatawereobtainedfromtheDelawareDivisionofMotorVehicles(DMV).ThedataareasnapshotofDMV'sregistrationdatabaseasofJuly1,2011.Thedatashowthenumberofvehiclesregisteredbymodelyearforeachofthe16MOBILE6.2vehicleclasses.The16vehicleclasseswereconvertedtothe13MOVËSvehÍcletypesusingaconverterprovidedbyËPA.NewCastleGountyandSussexCountyvehiclepopulationsbyMOVESvehícletypeareprovidedinTables5-Band5-9,respectively.Vehicleagedistributionfractionsweredevelopedforeachofthe13vehicletypesbasedonmodelyear.Vehicles30yearsandolderwerelumpedintoonefraction.forNewGastfeGountyable5-8.2011VehicleVehicleCodeVehicleTypeNumberofVehlcles11Motorcycle13,29821PassengerVehicle228,97631PassengerTruck144,52632LightCommercialTruck47,65041lntercityBus44s42TransitBus27343SchoolBus1,00151RefuseTruck6952SingleUnitShort-HaulTruck2,98853SingleUnitLong-HaulTruck20954MotorHome373ö1CombinationShort-HaulTruck1,08762CombinationLong-HaulTruck818fable5-9.2011VehiclePopulationsforSqssexCountlVehicleCodeVehicleTypeNumberolVehicles11Motorcycle8,73321PassengerVehicle82,91031PassengerTruck78,99832LightCommercialTruck26,46241lntercityBus28542TransitBus19243SchoolBus43151RefuseTruck4852SingleUnitShort-HaulTruck'1,99853SingleUnitLong-HaulTruck14154MotorHome21761CombinationShort-HaulTruck794c¿CombinationLong-HaulTruck624VehicleSpeedsTheMOVESmodelrepresentsaveragevehiclespeedsbyroadwaytypethroughtheuseofspeedbinfractions.Thereare16spbeObinswithtñefirstrepresentingspeedslessthan2.5.milesperhour(mph),witheachsubsequentbinhavingarangeof5mph(i.e.,42.5mph-47.5mph).ThefinalbinrepresentsspeedsequaltoorgreaterthanT2.Smpn.for2011,DeIDOTprovidedseasonalspeedbinfractionsforeachofthefourMOVESroadwaytypes,foreachhouroftheday,andforweekdayandweekenddrivingpatterns.DeIDOTestimated"peåOäusingthePeninsulatraveldemandmodel.ThemodelaccountsforiraffÌcvolumesandvariationsintravelaccordingtopurpose,whichimpactaveragespeeds.Table5-10summarizesthematrixofparametersthatresultsin12,288recordsforspeedsineachcounty.able5-10.201MatrixÞarameterNumber01VariablesSeason4Hour24RoadwayType4WeekdayM/eekend2SpeedBins16InspectionandMaintenance(l/M)TheUMprogramsforNewCastleCountyincludeabienniafonboarddiagnostictestingprogram(OBDll)sínce2002for1996andlatermodelyearvehicles,Vehicleemissioncomputersystemsarecheckedforanydiagnostictroublecodespresent,asymptomofexcessemissíonswhichisafailingresultforthevehicle.Oldervehicles,startingwithmodelyear(MY)1968,aregivenacurb¡dletest(MY1968-1980)oratwo-speedidletest(MY1981-1995).Atailpipeprobeisinsertedfor60secondstodetermineexhaustconcentrationsofhydrocarbonsandcarbonmonoxide.Dependingonthemodelyear,vehicleswithanexcessemissionconcentrationofeítherpollutantwillfailthetest.Oldervehicles(MY1975-1995)arealsogiverrafuelsystempressuretest(FP)andagascap(GC)test.Airpressureisappliedtothefuelsystemfromthefuelinlettothecanister.Afterairpressurehasbeenapplied,pressuredegradationismonitored.Vehiclesfailthefuelsystempressuretestifítcannotmaintaintheequivalentpressureofeightinchesofwaterforuptotwomínutesafterbeingpressurizedto14.0+0.5ínchesofwater.Asimilarpressuretestisappliedtothevehicle'sgascap.able5-ll.2011NewGastlet/MParametersïestTypeIDLE2500/tDLEFP&GCOBDllMEvapOBDl/MExhÍestFrequencyBiennialBiennialBiennialBiennialBiennialProgramTypeTestOnlyTestOnlyTestOnlyTestOnlyTestOnlyilllodelYears1968-'1980I981-l9951975-19951996-20031996-2003ComplianceFactors(%)PassengerVehicle92.4695.6996.0095.6895.68PassengerTruck86.698B-3888.8689.0487,91LightComm.Truck76.8678.3678.7878.4974.69VehiclesTested(gasolineonly)PassengerVehiclelt;;YesYesYesYesPassengerTruckYesYesYesYesYesLightComm.Truck(upto8,500GVWRIYesYesYesYesYesSchoolBusNoNoNoNoNoSingleUnltShort-HaulTruckNoNoNoNoNoSingleUnitLong-HaulTruckNoNoNoNoNoRefuseTruckNoNoNoNoNoCombinationShort-HaulïruckNoNoNoNoNoGomblnatlonLong-HaulTruckNoNoNoNoNoMotorHomeNoNoNoNoNontercityBusNoNoNoNoNoTransitBusNoNoNoNoNoMlotorcycleNoNoNoNoNoTheSussexCountyllMprogramincludesonlyanidletestParametersTable5-12.20llSussexGouI'MmTestTypeIDLEl/MProgramYears1991-2050TestFrequencYBiennialProgramTypeTtoModelYears1eB1-2005ComplianceFactors(%)PassengorVehicle94.94PassengerTruck88.47LightComm.Truck80,97VehiclesTested(gasolineonlY)PassengerVehicleYesPassengerTruckYesLightComm.Truck(upto8,500GVWRIYesSchoolBusNoSingleUnitShort-HaulTruckNoSingleUnltLong-HaulTruckNoRefuseTruckNoCombinationShort-HaulTruckNoCombinationLong-HaulTruckNoMotorHomeNolntercityBusNoTransitBusNoMotorcycleNoGontrolsAllMQvfiS-recognizedon-roadcontrolmeâsuresknowntobeinplaceinDelawarein2011wereincludedintheMOVËSemissioninventorymodemodeling.LocalcontrolprogramsincludeDelaware'sl/Mprogram,theFederafreformulatedgasolineprogram,andtheNortheastOzoneTransportRegionLEVprogram.TheMOVESmodelinternallyincludesallnationalcontrolprograms,suchastheTier1andTier2gasolinefuelandlíghtdutyengineemissionstandardsaswellastheultra-lowsulfurdieselfuelandheavydutyenginestandards.TwoDelawarecontrolprograms,theanti-tamperingprocedures(ATP)performedattheinspectionslanesandtheanti-idlingregulatíonwerenotaccountedforintheMOVESrunssincethemodeldoesnotprovideforinputtingtheseprograms.FortheATPcontrolprogram,vehiclesthataretestedarealsocheckedtoseeifthecatalytícconverter,gascapandfuelinletrestrictorarepresent.Vehicleswillfailinspectionifanyofthesedevícesaremissing.Regulation1145,ExcessiveldlÍngofHeavyDutyVehicles,isdesignedtoeliminateemissionscausedbyextendingidling.WhileMOVESdelineatesemissionsprocessesforextendedidling,currentlytheavailaþlecoñtrolprogramswithinMOVESdonotaccountforanti-idlingmeasures.Delawarecurrentlyhasnooff-modefmethodtodetermineemissionbenefitsfromeitherATPorReg.1145.EmissionsfromNEIvlTable5-13.2011AnnualandSSWDËmissionsforOn'roadMobileSourcesCountyAnnual(TPY)sswD{rPD}vocñ;l"ovocNO*coNewCastle3,2857,49537,4893,8520.6591.58Sussex2,9744,70228,3233.8614.8778.67County17DEReg.ll97(06/0r/f4)(Gen.Notice)DEPARTMENTOFNATURALRËSOURCESANDËNV¡RONMENTALCONTROLD¡vrsroHopAIRQuRurYStatutoryAuthority:7DelawareCode,Chapter60(7Del.C'Ch'60)GENERALNOTICE'2011BaseYearStatelmplementationPlanEmíssionslnventoryforVOC,NO*andCOForAreasofMarginalNon-attainmentofthe2008OzoneNAAQSinDelawareFINALREPORTSubmittedto:U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyRegion3-PhiladelPhia,PAPreparedby:DepartmentofNaturalResources&EnvironmentalGontrolDivlslonofAirQuallty[AirshedPlanning<Em¡ss¡enlInventory[BevelepmentlProgram655S.BaYRoadDover,DE19901July[XXl[201,2014EmissionsSummaryTable1-2.z0llNewCastleCountvËmissionsbySourcesectorSourceSectorAnnual(TPYIsswD(rPD)vocNO*covocNO*coPointt8i¡6ll81el2,7503,649fsJiÐt2.eil12.0212.32Non-point4,8921,3243,42511.392.112.24On*road3,2857,49537,489L8520.6591.58Non-road1,9893,57720,6887.4411,1979.33AllSectorsflopssl[t0,975115,14665,251lsHl[30.25145.97185.47Table2-1.2011FacEmissionsforNewGastleFacilityNamevocNO*coTPYTPÞTPYTPDTPYTPD.1.DuPontHospital10.0160,1010.02irLiquide-DelawareCity<1<0.0100<1<0.01mtrakMaintenanceFacility2<0.014030AshlandResearchGenter(Hercules)1<0.0129-'91-0.0440.02AstrazenecaPharmaceuticals1<0.01770.02BASF(CibaSpecialtyChemicals)240.07110.03240.06Calpine-Christiana(Conectiv)<1<0.0110.42<10.01Calpine-DelawareCity(Conectiv)<1<0.01<10.06<1<0.01Calpine-EdgeMoor(Conectiv)250.2'l3461.741100.43Calpine-HayRoad(Conectiv)330.126022.191670.61Calpine-WestSubstation(Conectiv)<1<0.01<1o.20<10.01ChristianaHospital1<0.01140.13110.05CleanEarthofNewCastle30.03200.1440,03Croda(Uniqema)4001240.09260.08DassaultFalconJet140.031<0.011<0.01DelawareCityRefinery(Premcor)s031.221,O724.516172.14DelawareCityTerminal(Premcor)1B0.05<1<0.01<1<0.01Del.CorrectionalCenter-Smyrna<1<0.0150.0170.02DiamondMaterials30.0340.05130.13DSWAGherryfslandLandfillt24lt7lt0,o¡110.02110.0230.05DuPont-ChestnutRun30.02480.1550.01)uPont*EdgeMoor990.29270.082,0515.97)uPont-RedLÍon20.01230.1040.02DuPontBuilding-Wilmington<1<0.0'l60.0650,03DuPontExperimentalStationB0.051800.76170.09DuPontStine-HaskellLab30.02I0.13100.05E-A-RSpecialtyComposites20.01<1<0.01<1<0.01ËvrazClaymontSteel590.201660.493461.03Fisker(GeneralMotors)1<0.0'1110.03B0.02FMCJ0.01310,08260.06FormosaPlastics590.16320.10220.05FPlnternational20.011<0.011<0.01JohnsonControlsBattery<1<0.013<0.012<0.01KuehneChemical<1<0.012<0,011<0.01MacDermid1<0.01:l<0.01<1<0.01MagellanTerminals39c.102<0.011<0.01Micropore30.010o00Printpack440.1330.01o0.01Rohm&HaasElectronicMaterials70,0340,0250.02Sunoco460.10540.141110.10UniversityofDelaware*Newark4<0.01200.03260.06VeteransAdministrationHospital<1<0,0140.0630.02Wilmington\^^/úTP1<0,0140.0140.01NewCastleCountyTotal18361[81Ðlt3.o2lt2.97l2,75012.023,64912.3217ÐEReg.1197(06/01/14)(Gen.Notice)