III

103D CONGRESS

1ST SESSION S. RES. 94

Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to the tragic humanitarian

crisis in Sudan.

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

APRIL 3 (legislative day, MARCH 3), 1993

Mr. SIMON (for himself, Mrs. KASSEBAUM, Mr. JEFFORDS, and Mr.

FEINGOLD) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the

Committee on Foreign Relations

RESOLUTION

Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to the tragic

humanitarian crisis in Sudan.

Whereas a civil conflict in Sudan has resulted in a severe humanitarian emergency that has placed an estimated

4,000,000 people at risk

Whereas the resulting emergency conditions require an increase in the action and attention devoted to Sudan by

the international community;

Whereas the United States Centers for Disease Control found

during a recent visit to Sudan that as many as 80 percent of the children in many areas of Sudan are malnourished;

Whereas certain populations of Sudanese are acutely vulnerable as a result of the military policies of the Sudan Gov-
2

•SRES 94 IS

ernment and of fighting between factions of the Sudan

People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) in southern Sudan;

Whereas on June 30, 1989, the National Salvation Revolutionary Command Council suspended the Sudan constitution, dissolved all political institutions in Sudan, and

banned or dissolved all political parties, civic organizations, trade unions, professional associations, social organizations, and privately-owned mass media in Sudan;

Whereas the National Salvation Revolutionary Command

Council has taken control of the judiciary in Sudan, has

granted itself sweeping powers to detain Sudanese citizens under the National Security Act and other laws, and

has promoted a pattern of arbitrary arrest, detention

without charge or trial, and torture;

Whereas, according to Amnesty International, such detention

includes the detention of at least 250 people in Khartoum, Sudan;

Whereas the Sudan Government has engaged in a campaign

of ethnic cleansing, forcibly relocating tens of thousands

of Nuba people from Kordofan Province and killing hundreds;

Whereas the 1993 World Report of the International Labor

Organization states that ‘‘traditional slavery survives in

modern-day Sudan’’ and that such slavery ‘‘seems to be

on the increase’’ as a result of raids by armed militia in

the border areas between northern and southern Sudan;

Whereas Amnesty International reports that hundreds of people were executed without trial or other judicial process

by Sudan Government forces in Juba and that more than

100 men arrested in Juba in mid-1992 have disappeared;
3

•SRES 94 IS

Whereas, in October 1992, the Congress agreed to a resolution condemning human rights and humanitarian abuses

in Sudan;

Whereas, on December 4, 1992, the United Nations General

Assembly agreed to a resolution condemning human

rights abuses in Sudan;

Whereas, on March 10, 1993, the United Nations Human

Rights Commission agreed to a resolution appointing a

Special Rapporteur for Human Rights for Sudan;

Whereas, despite these resolutions and other measures, reports indicate that widespread human rights violations

continue in Sudan;

Whereas the Sudan Government denies the existence of such

violations;

Whereas the Sudan Government and factions of the SPLA

have signed a series of agreements with the United Nations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in

Nairobi, Kenya, and Khartoum whose purpose is to improve access to populations of Sudanese people in need

of emergency aid, and the parties have demonstrated a

willingness to take further actions in responding to the

humanitarian crisis in Sudan through an on-going process of negotiation: Now, therefore, be it

1 Resolved, That the Senate—

2 (1) strongly condemns the egregious human

3 rights abuses of the Sudan Government and calls

4 upon the Sudan Government to cease such abuses;

5 (2) deplores the internecine fighting among fac6 tions of the Sudan People’s Liberation Army
4

•SRES 94 IS

1 (SPLA) which has caused an increase in the number

2 of deaths of Sudanese civilians;

3 (3) urges the Sudan Government and factions

4 of the SPLA to grant immediate and full access to

5 areas of needy people in Sudan to humanitarian re6 lief organizations; and

7 (4) calls upon the President—

8 (A) to act expeditiously to avert a humani9 tarian disaster of unprecedented proportions in

10 Sudan by expanding relief operations (including

11 airlift, airdrops, and other means of delivering

12 humanitarian supplies);

13 (B) to increase the amount and expedite

14 delivery of financial assistance to non-govern15 mental organizations that supply emergency aid

16 to southern Sudan;

17 (C) to urge the United Nations to address

18 actively and energetically issues relating to

19 Sudan by encouraging the United Nations—

20 (i) to pass a United Nations Security

21 Council Resolution on Sudan;

22 (ii) to appoint a United Nations Spe23 cial Representative for Sudan;

24 (iii) to negotiate agreements with the

25 Sudan Government and the SPLA for the
5

•SRES 94 IS

1 expansion of corridors of access to Sudan

2 (including access along the Sudan-Uganda

3 border) for the supply of humanitarian re4 lief and for the safe passage and free

5 movement of civilians in and through

6 Sudan;

7 (iv) to explore the creation of inter8 nationally monitored demilitarized zones

9 and resettlement zones in southern Sudan

10 in which Sudan Government forces, fac11 tions of the SPLA, and militia would not

12 be allowed;

13 (v) to place human rights monitors

14 under the jurisdiction of the United Na15 tions in areas of Sudan affected by the

16 fighting and human rights abuses in

17 Sudan; and

18 (vi) to support the on-going negotia19 tions for a cease-fire between the Sudan

20 Government and various factions of the

21 SPLA;

22 (D) to appoint a United States Special Ne23 gotiator to work with the United Nations, the

24 Organization of African Unity, the Sudan Gov-
6

•SRES 94 IS

1 ernment, factions of the SPLA, and govern2 ments of nations of the region; and

3 (E) to take immediate action in the inter4 national community with a view toward putting

5 pressure on any party in Sudan that obstructs

6 the delivery of humanitarian assistance into

7 ceasing such obstruction, including imposing

8 sanctions against such party or taking such

9 other actions as the President considers appro10 priate.

Æ