118TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 8152 

AN ACT 

To amend the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 to provide 

for control of remote access of items, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

2 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Remote Access Secu3 rity Act’’. 

4 SEC. 2. CONTROL OF REMOTE ACCESS OF ITEMS UNDER 

5 THE EXPORT CONTROL REFORM ACT OF 2018. 

6 The Export Control Reform Act of 2018 is amend7 ed— 

8 (1) in section 1742 (50 U.S.C. 4801), by add9 ing at the end the following: 

10 ‘‘(15) REMOTE ACCESS.—The term ‘remote ac11 cess’ means access to an item that is subject to the 

12 jurisdiction of the United States (without regard to 

13 the physical location of the item) and included on 

14 the Commerce Control List set forth in Supplement 

15 No. 1 to part 774 of the Export Administration 

16 Regulations, by a foreign person through a network 

17 connection, including the internet or a cloud com18 puting service, from a location other than where the 

19 item is physically located, to use the functions of the 

20 item if the use of those functions may pose a serious 

21 risk to the national security or foreign policy of the 

22 United States, such as by— 

23 ‘‘(A) training an artificial intelligence 

24 model that could— 

25 ‘‘(i) substantially lower the barrier of 

26 entry for experts or non-experts to design, 
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1 synthesize, acquire, or use chemical, bio2 logical, radiological, or nuclear weapons or 

3 weapons of mass destruction; 

4 ‘‘(ii) enable offensive cyber operations 

5 through automated vulnerability discovery 

6 and exploitation against a wide range of 

7 potential targets of cyber attacks; or 

8 ‘‘(iii) permit the evasion of human 

9 control or oversight of automated systems 

10 through means of deception or obfuscation; 

11 or 

12 ‘‘(B) accessing a quantum computer that 

13 could enable offensive cyber operations or other 

14 risks to national security; or 

15 ‘‘(C) accessing hacking tools.’’; 

16 (2) in section 1752 (50 U.S.C. 4811)— 

17 (A) in paragraph (1)— 

18 (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting 

19 ‘‘or remote access’’ after ‘‘export’’; and 

20 (ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 

21 ‘‘or remote access’’ after ‘‘export’’; and 

22 (B) in paragraph (2)— 

23 (i) in the matter preceding subpara24 graph (A), by striking ‘‘and in-country 

25 transfer of items’’ and inserting ‘‘in-coun-
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1 try transfer, and remote access of items’’; 

2 and 

3 (ii) in subparagraph (A)— 

4 (I) in the matter preceding clause 

5 (i), by striking ‘‘release’’ and inserting 

6 ‘‘release or remote access’’; 

7 (II) in clause (iv), by striking ‘‘; 

8 or’’ and inserting a semicolon; 

9 (III) in clause (v), by striking the 

10 period at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; 

11 and 

12 (IV) by adding at the end the fol13 lowing: 

14 ‘‘(vi) offensive cyber operations.’’; 

15 (3) in section 1753 (50 U.S.C. 4812)— 

16 (A) in subsection (a)— 

17 (i) in paragraph (1), by striking 

18 ‘‘and’’ at the end; 

19 (ii) in paragraph (2)(F), by striking 

20 the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; 

21 and’’; and 

22 (iii) by adding at the end the fol23 lowing: 

24 ‘‘(3) the remote access to— 
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1 ‘‘(A) items subject to the jurisdiction of 

2 the United States (without regard to the phys3 ical location of the items) that are determined 

4 by the President to warrant controls with re5 spect to access by foreign persons or countries 

6 of concern; and 

7 ‘‘(B) the functions of such items.’’; 

8 (B) in subsection (b)— 

9 (i) by redesignating paragraphs (3) 

10 through (7) as paragraphs (4) through (8), 

11 respectively; and 

12 (ii) by inserting after paragraph (2) 

13 the following: 

14 ‘‘(3) regulate the remote access by foreign per15 sons of items as described in subsection (a)(3);’’; 

16 and 

17 (C) in subsection (c)— 

18 (i) by striking ‘‘or in-country trans19 fer’’ each place it appears and inserting 

20 ‘‘in-country transfer, or remote access’’; 

21 and 

22 (ii) by striking ‘‘subsections (b)(1) or 

23 (b)(2)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsections (b)(1), 

24 (b)(2), or (b)(3)’’; 

25 (4) in section 1754 (50 U.S.C. 4813)— 
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1 (A) in subsection (a)— 

2 (i) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and 

3 in-country transfers’’ and inserting ‘‘in4 country transfers, and remote access’’; 

5 (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘and 

6 in-country transfers’’ and inserting ‘‘in7 country transfers, and remote access’’; 

8 (iii) in paragraph (5), by striking 

9 ‘‘and in-country transfers’’ and inserting 

10 ‘‘in-country transfers, and remote access’’; 

11 (iv) in paragraph (10), by striking ‘‘or 

12 in-country transferred’’ and inserting ‘‘in13 country transferred, or remotely accessed’’; 

14 (v) in paragraph (11), by adding at 

15 the end before the semicolon the following: 

16 ‘‘or remote access’’; and 

17 (vi) in paragraph (15), by adding at 

18 the end before ‘‘; and’’ the following: ‘‘or 

19 remotely access (including the provision 

20 thereof)’’; 

21 (B) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘or in22 country transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country 

23 transfer, or remote access’’; and 

24 (C) in subsection (d)(1), by amending sub25 paragraph (A) to read as follows: 
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1 ‘‘(A) the export, reexport, or in-country 

2 transfer of, or remote access to, items described 

3 in paragraph (2), or remote access to items de4 scribed in section 1742(15), including, in both 

5 cases, items that are not subject to control 

6 under this part; and’’. 

7 (5) in section 1755(b)(2) (50 U.S.C. 

8 4814(b)(2))— 

9 (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘and 

10 in-country transfers’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country 

11 transfers, and remote access’’; and 

12 (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking ‘‘and 

13 in-country transfers’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country 

14 transfers, and remote access’’; and 

15 (6) in section 1756 (50 U.S.C. 4815)— 

16 (A) in subsection (a), in the matter pre17 ceding paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘and in-coun18 try transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country trans19 fer, and remote access’’; and 

20 (B) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘or in21 country transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country 

22 transfer, or remote access’’; 

23 (7) in section 1757(a) (50 U.S.C. 4816(a)), by 

24 striking ‘‘or in-country transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in25 country transfer, or remote access’’; and 
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1 (8) in section 1760 (50 U.S.C. 4819)— 

2 (A) in subsection (a)(2)(F)(iii), by striking 

3 ‘‘or in-country transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in-coun4 try transfer, or remote access’’; 

5 (B) in subsection (c)(1)(C), by striking ‘‘or 

6 in-country transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country 

7 transfer, or remotely access (including the pro8 vision thereof)’’; and 

9 (C) in subsection (e)(1)(A)— 

10 (i) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘or in11 country transfer outside the United States 

12 any item’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country trans13 fer outside the United States any item, or 

14 remotely access any item’’; and 

15 (ii) in clause (ii), by striking ‘‘or in16 country transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in-coun17 try transfer, or remote access’’; 

18 (9) in section 1761 (50 U.S.C. 4820)— 

19 (A) in subsection (a)(5), by striking ‘‘or in20 country transferred’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country 

21 transferred, or remotely accessed’’; 

22 (B) in subsection (d)(2), by striking ‘‘ex23 port’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘ex24 port control’’; and 
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1 (C) in subsection (h)(1)(B), by striking ‘‘or 

2 in-country transfer’’ and inserting ‘‘in-country 

3 transfer, or remotely access’’; and 

4 (10) in section 1767 (50 U.S.C. 4825)— 

5 (A) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘or reex6 port’’ and inserting ‘‘reexport, or remote ac7 cess’’; and 

8 (B) in subsection (b)(2)— 

9 (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 

10 ‘‘and in-country transfer’’ and inserting 

11 ‘‘in-country transfer, and remote access’’; 

12 and 

13 (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 

14 ‘‘or in-country transferred’’ and inserting 

15 ‘‘in-country transferred, or remotely 

16 accessed’’. 

Passed the House of Representatives September 9, 

2024. 

Attest: 

Clerk. 
118TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 8152 

AN ACT 

To amend the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 

and for other purposes. to provide for control of remote access of items,