1

ADOPT-A-FACTOR UPDATE

It made it! A $4.5 million budget item for section 105 Grants to the states made it through the process and will be included in

the FY 96 grant negotiations. States will share in this “pot” of funds according to a fairly standard allocation process and will be

provided these funds on the basis of their agreement, need, abilities, etc. to develop emission factors that they need. We envision

states pooling their funds, getting assistance from their academic institutions, contractors, etc., to undertake testing and/or

emission factor development for sources where there is a high priority and need. Ideally, a few “centers of excellence” could be

established in three or four areas of the country to focus on development of factors, with the grant funds being channeled to them

for this work by the states in those areas. Additional guidance and information of this program will be coming from the EPA

Headquarters and from Regional Offices, in the next several weeks. Keep tuned to the CHIEF BBS for any late developments.

The success of the program in the first year may be essential to continuing the work as the “strings” to these monies will likely

loosen in FY97 and beyond with “block grants” (or “performance partnerships” as they may be called).

United States Office Of Air Quality EPA-454/N-95-003

Environmental Protection Planning And Standards Volume VI, No. 3

Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 Summer 1995

THE CHIEF N E W S L E T T E R

— THE CLEARINGHOUSE FOR INVENTORIES AND EMISSION FACTORS —

THE LONG-AWAITED FIFTH EDITION

The Fifth Edition of the EPA’s all time “best

seller” is now available. The 2,050-page Compilation Of

Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Vol. I: Stationary Point

And Area Sources, AP-42, comes after months of work incorporating, revising and expanding all previous editions and

supplements of a document series older than the Agency

itself. This series is so familiar in air pollution work that it is

usually called just AP-42, its document number. It is a valuable technical resource for inventorying air pollutant emissions, developing control regulations, and other source assessment activities. Its wide array of users includes federal,

state and local agencies; business and industry; and engineering consultants, lawyers, and academics.

A paper copy of this book can be ordered from the Government Printing Office (GPO), Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA

15250-7954, Stock no. 055-000-00500-1, $56.00 total. Foreign

orders add 25%. Telephone orders to (202) 512-1800, fax orders to (202) 512-2250.

CHIEF Newsletterreaders know that this document has

been on our CHIEF bulletin board system (BBS) for some

weeks, and during this time it has set new records for downloads, averaging 3,700 per week! It is by far the most popular

item on the Office Of Air Quality Planning And Standards

(OAQPS) Technology Transfer Network (TTN). AP-42 is also

available from our quick-response automated facsimile machine, the Fax CHIEF, (being accessed now

about 250 times per week!). To register for the CHIEF BBS,

phone through your modem (919) 541-5742. To use the Fax

CHIEF device, phone through your fax handset (919) 541- 5626

or -0548. For assistance, call the Info CHIEF help desk, (919)

541-5285.

AP-42 is available from GPO on a compact disc (CD-ROM),

Air CHIEF, with other air pollution control guidance and data

bases, at the above address/phone numbers, Stock no. 055-000-

00501-0, $18.00 total. Foreign orders add 25%.

The Emission Factor And Inventory Group (EFIG), in

OAQPS, develops and maintains the AP-42 series and other

useful emission estimation tools. Although the Compilation

Of Air Pollutant Emission Factors has been in use for about 30

years, it has been especially important in meeting requirements

of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments and the 1986 Emergency Planning And Community Right-To-Know Act.

The compilation provides detailed information on hundreds

of processes that produce criteria, toxic, or greenhouse pollutants. For all these activities, from gasoline tankers, steel mills,

and forest fires to potato chip frying and dry cleaners, AP-42

tabulates emission factors, which are representative values used

to estimate the quantities of pollutants those processes will

release into the air. AP-42 contains over 10,000 such factors,

with references and factor quality ratings.
2

A: These sections of AP-42 are either undergoing major revision or will be brand new sections added to the document. Section numbers have been reserved and these sections will appear in the AP-42 supplements which are generally published

annually. The first Fifth Edition supplement is expected to be

available by January 1995, but not all of these "in progress"

sections will appear in the first supplement. Contact Info CHIEF

if you have questions regarding the status of any particular "in

progress" AP-42 section.

Q: When will the Locating & Estimating (L & E) document

for dioxins and furans be available? How can I get it?

A: Locating & Estimating Air Emissions From Sources Of

Dioxins And Furans is currently available in draft form on the

CHIEF BBS under the "AP-42/ E F Guidance" menu item. The

final document should be available in October. However, during this review process, some discrepancies in the data have

been found and some changes will occur. Please remember that

any document in draft form on the CHIEF BBS is not final and

therefore the information contained in it is subject to change.

Other new or revised L & E documents that are set to be

available before the end of 1995 include L & Es on Lead, Polycyclic Organic Matter, 1,3-Butadiene, and Benzene.

INFO CHIEF'S MOST FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Here are some hot topics with information on each.

The Info CHIEF help desk phone number is (919) 541-5285.

— More Q & A's in the next issue!—

1990 SIP EMISSION INVENTORIES ON

CD-ROM

EFIG is currently coordinating with state and local agencies to record the documentation and data files for the 1990 O3

and CO State Implementation Plan (SIP) Emission Inventories

on Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM). This effort

will allow EPA staff to locate specific information in the inventories easily and quickly for planning and tracking activities

and to duplicate the inventories easily and quickly for public

use upon request. Once the information is satisfactorily recorded onto CD-ROM, the numerous hard copy reports that

make up the inventory documentation can then be eliminated.

Data and text for the inventories will be included in a “point

and click” Windows format on CD-ROM, using the Folio Bound

VIEWS® software. Native files (files in their original word

processing, spreadsheet, graphics, or ASCII formats) will also

be included on the discs. The initial release of available inventories on CD-ROM is expected in October of 1995.

RUSSIAN INVENTORY IN VOLGOGRAD

 GOING WELL

Richard Billings and Lucy Adams of Radian Corporation have just returned from a trip to Volgograd, Russia, where they have been working with their subcontractor Agroproject to develop area source and point

source inventories for a selected area of Volgograd. This

effort is being supported by EFIG through funding from

the U. S. Agency For International Development, as

part of the Russian Air Management Project (RAMP).

As this pilot effort progresses in Volgograd, the results

will be validated and evaluated by the National Institute in St. Petersburg for use throughout the Russian

Federation. Discussions have been held with them and

they are also serving as a subcontractor to Radian for

this effort. Tom Pace, Jim Southerland and David

Misenheimer of EFIG have been involved in the planning, execution and management of this effort.

Q: What is the latest hard copy of the AIRS SCC listing, and

how can I get it?

 A: Good timing! This information is in the new FIRE

Version 5.0 Source Classification Codes And Emission

Factor Listing For Criteria Air Pollutants, EPA-454/

R-95-012, August 1995. Paper copies of this book will be

available, and it will be on the CHIEF BBS, very shortly,

perhaps by the time you read this.

If you need to get only SCCs without the emission factors,

you can search directly on the CHIEF BBS by selecting "SCC

Lists" (letter "Q") from the main menu and then typing in a

keyword phrase. This is a quick and easy way to get the SCC

that you need. You can also search by SCC to find the SCC

name associated with it. In addition, under this same section,

there is a downloadable list of SCCs and SCC names which may

be imported into a database or word-processing program and

then printed out.

Q: I thought the Fifth Edition of AP-42 was supposed to be

completely revised, but there are sections that are listed as

"not yet available" on Fax CHIEF and "work in progress" on

the CHIEF BBS. When will these sections be available to the

public?
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 Industrial SO2 Em issions 

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F U E L C O M B . IN D U S TR IA L M E TA LS P R O C E S S IN G C H E M IC A L & A LL IE D P R O D U C T M F G

PETROLEUM & RELATED INDUSTRIES ALL O THER INDUSTRIAL SECTION 406 CAP

1995 REPORT TO CONGRESS ON THE “NATIONAL ANNUAL INDUSTRIAL

SULFUR DIOXIDE EMISSION TRENDS”

A Report To Congress on national annual industrial sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission trends was released in June. This report

is the first in a series entitled “National Annual Industrial Sulfur Dioxide Emission Trends, 1995-2015,” to be published every 5

years beginning in 1995. This report is required under Title IV, section 406, 42 USC 7651(note), of the 1990 Clean Air Act

Amendments (CAAA).

Section 406 of the Act requires the Administrator to transmit to the Congress a report containing an inventory of national

annual industrial sulfur dioxide emissions for all years for which data are available, as well as the likely trend in such emissions

over the following 20-year period. Industrial source is defined in Title IV of the Act to be a unit that does not serve a generator

that produces electricity, a unit other than a utility unit, or a process source, which is any source that emits SO2

 as the result of

the production or manufacturing process and not as the result of any type of fuel combustion. The report shall also contain

estimates of the actual emission reduction each year resulting from promulgation of the diesel fuel desulfurization regulations

under section 211(i).

Section 406 also provides that whenever the required inventory indicates that SO2 emissions from industrial sources,

including units subject to section 405(g)(6) of the CAAA, may reasonably be expected to reach levels greater than 5.60 million

tons per year, the Administrator shall take such actions under the CAAA as may be appropriate to ensure that such emissions

do not exceed 5.60 million tons per year. Such actions may include the promulgation of new and revised standards of performance for new sources, including units subject to section 405(g)(6) of the CAAA, under section 111(b) of the CAAA, as well as

promulgation of standards of performance for existing sources, including units subject to section 405(g)(5) of the CAAA.

This document reports an estimated 15 percent decrease from the 5.6 million ton cap over the period 1985 to the present, and

it projects approximately a 2 percent increase for the 20-year period between 1995 and 2015 (from 4.77 to 4.86 million tons). This

analysis demonstrates that the 5.6 million ton cap for industrial sources of SO2 will not be violated through 2015, thus no further

regulatory action is needed.

The following chart chronicles the trends from 1990 to 2010. For copies of this report, contact the National Technical

Information Service, (800) 553-6847, or Info CHIEF at ( 919) 541-5285.

3
4

EMISSION INVENTORY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM

At its September 1991 semiannual meeting, the joint EPA/

STAPPA/ALAPCO/SAEWG group requested that EPA pursue

a program to improve and refine the emission inventory preparation process. The resulting program, the Emission Inventory

Improvement Program (EIIP), is a cooperative effort among state

and local agencies, industry, and EPA to improve estimates of

emissions from various sources. The effort, funded by state

and local agencies, began in 1993. EIIP is organized into a

steering committee and seven working committees. Each working committee, comprising state and local agency members,

industry association representatives, and EPA, is developing

standard procedures for estimating emissions.

Based on experiences gained during compilation of the

1990 inventory, it was recognized that interpretation of existing

procedures and guidance allowed too much variation in most

aspects of data compilation (e. g., formats and data accuracy).

This leeway in selecting approaches led to the use of data sets

of unknown quality and varying degrees of completeness in

making decisions. Deficiencies and inconsistencies in present

compilation processes emphasize the need for developing and

implementing more uniform and systematic approaches to collecting and reporting data.

 The EIIP effort to develop standard procedures supports

this goal. EIIP (defined as the development and use of standard procedures for collecting, calculating, storing, and reporting of emissions data) has been designed to increase the likelihood that acceptable quality emission inventory data will result. These data will be made available to state and local agencies, the regulated community, the public, and EPA. The use of

 EIIP procedures will promote consistency in these activities

among the emission inventory reporting groups.

The overall intent of the EIIP is to provide cost-effective,

reliable inventories by improving the quality of collected emission data and by providing for uniform reporting of this information. The effort is to develop a systematic mechanism for

compiling emission inventories patterned after successes

achieved by similar national programs.

EIIP has made significant progress since its inception in

1993. Standardized procedures have been developed for point

and area sources. Final drafts for many of the documents are

available for external review, and the new biogenic model has

been documented and inputs described. A comprehensive QA/

QC document is also in preparation. Additionally, a core data

model is being developed to facilitate data exchange between

all members of the inventory community. The model will describe data elements and their relationship to each other. This

model, the resulting data formats, and the use of electronic data

transfer will all enable easy exchange of data.

EIIP is always seeking qualified reviewers to examine draft

documents for accuracy and consistency. These drafts can be

obtained from the authors or can be downloaded from CHIEF

BBS.

It is the vision of EIIP that all governmental agencies and

all industries will adopt EIIP procedures for collecting and reporting emissions data. As the draft procedures are completed,

reviewed, and approved by EIIP, everyone is encouraged to

begin using the procedures.

(See accompanying article on page 5.)

OMS ISSUES UPDATED REPORT ON MOBILE SOURCE ESTIMATION

EPA’s Office Of Mobile Sources (OMS) has issued Highway Vehicle Emission Estimates -- II, May 1995, in response to

concerns that highway vehicle emission factor models, such as EPA's MOBILE series, were underestimating emissions. Tunnel

studies, roadside measurements, and ambient concentration analyses have provided “suggestive but not definitive” evidence

that existing emission factor models and inventory development procedures have led to understatement of the actual total

emissions contribution of highway vehicles.

This publication continues the correction efforts begun in the companion book of July 1992, Highway Vehicle Emission

Estimates.

OMS has been aware that several parts of existing practice needed improvement. Some of these were dealt with in 1993 in

the MOBILE5a modeling program, while others will take longer to address. The two publications discuss the

Agency’s pre-1990 approach to estimating vehicle emissions, the known limitations of that approach,

other possibly contributing issues, and what EPA has done and will do to address the problem.

Highway Vehicle Emission Estimates -- II provides new information on a number of

problems dealing with emission factors and inventory procedures. It is intended to provide an overview of the subject and to facilitate discussion. It is not a statement of

EPA policy.

 Copies of the paper are available from, and comments welcomed by, Terry

Newell (AQAB), EPA Office Of Mobile Sources, National Vehicle And Fuels Emission Laboratory, 2565 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105. This issue paper is

also on the OMS portion of the OAQPS TTN.
5

EIIP DATA MODEL

(Information on the Emission Inventory Improvement Program - its mission, its scope, and its membership - can

be found on the CHIEF BBS, under the EIIP Section. Also available are monthly progress reports from each subcommittee. See the general EIIP article on page 4.)

The EIIP Data Management Committee is developing a data model that will result in a standard data format for exchanging

emission inventory data. The data model is being constructed based on input provided by the EIIP, point, area, mobile, biogenic,

and quality assurance subcommittees.

The approach taken with the EIIP data model includes some provision for flexible data entities and attributes, thereby making

the model amenable to updates in an efficient, timely, and cost-effective manner. It is expected that this approach will fit well with

state/local users who convert to the data format from relational databases. The data model is being developed in three phases.

The current Phase 1 will result in a core data model and data format that are adequate for use in regional modeling and that will

facilitate transfer of those data from state/local agencies to EPA, or among state/local agencies. Phase 2 is to further enhance the

core model to include data from program areas that overlap the emission inventory area, such as Title 5 permits, Title 3 toxics, and

compliance related data. Some Phase 2 input is occurring concurrently with Phase 1. Phase 3 is envisioned to enhance the core

model to reflect a more complete and integrated transfer of emissions inventory data from facilities to state/local agencies. State

and local agency support/direction will be emphasized and confirmed through STAPPA/ALAPCO before completing Phase 2 and

before starting Phase 3.

The Phase 1 core data model is scheduled for external distribution and review in August. That external review will focus on

the larger EIIP community (which most likely includes everybody reading this article) to validate that the coverage is adequate to

conduct regional modeling and that the resulting data format is practical as a standard for exchanging emissions data within the

community. Anyone who would like to be involved in this valuable peer review, please consult the EIIP section of the CHIEF

BBS during August for a notice of its availability and the review logistics.

Numerous state, local, and industrial EIIP representatives are to be commended for their participation and perseverance in

making this data model happen. There are the typical “rough spots” that come with trying to get work done by committee, but the

strength of the project appears founded in the participants’ unified motivation and their belief that improvements in data transfer

can be demonstrated and recommended for the benefit of the emission inventory community. The EIIP Steering Committee, which

is representative of the STAPPA/ALAPCO emissions inventory work group, plans to launch a campaign to inform the inventory

community of the recommended data format, of data transfer techniques, and other EIIP advancements in the EIIP. In support of

this momentum, the FY96 distribution of section 105 grant funds to the regions includes allocation for an emission inventory data

delivery project. These are funds intended to improve the sharing of emissions inventory data among states and EPA, with

STAPPA/ALAPCO providing guidance and direction through EIIP and focusing on EIIP data sharing objectives and techniques.

SEITZ PRESENTED WITH PERSONALIZED

COPY OF FIFTH EDITION

Recently, John Seitz, OAQPS Director, was presented with his own autographed copy of the Fifth

Edition of the Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission

Factors, AP-42. He was astonished at the sheer volume of the 2,050-page document and expressed his

appreciation for all the work that it represents. The

Fifth Edition is available on the CHIEF BBS (and has

been the major source of activity on the OAQPS Technology Transfer Network for several weeks), on the

Fax CHIEF, and in paper from the Government Printing Office (GPO) for $56.00. It will also be part of the

new version 4.0 Air CHIEF CD-ROM, to be available

from GPO in August for $18.00. Call GPO, (202) 512-

1800, to order or Info CHIEF, (919) 541-5285, for more

information.

SURFACE COAL MINE STUDY REPORT

PRINTED

Four reports related to the development and completion of the surface coal mine study required by Section

234 of the Clean Air Act have recently been printed. The

fourth, and major, report is on the field studies for emission factor development, which took place in Wyoming

over several months. Although this report contains preliminary revised emission factors, the emission factors

from the study will not be final until validation of the

factors and modeling work are validated. We continue to

work with the mining interests and others to refine the

results. A work assignment with Midwest Research Institute is currently active to finalize these factors in the

form of an AP-42 section revision, hoped for by the end

of September of this year. Jim Southerland is the work

assignment manager for this effort.
6

OTC ESTABLISHES 1990 NO

X

BASELINE INVENTORY

On September 27, 1994, the 13 states composing the Ozone

Transport Commission (OTC) created the foundation for a region-wide market-based program of NOX emissions trading by

agreeing to control NOX emissions from those boilers and other

indirect heat exchangers with a maximum gross heat input rate

of at least 250 million BTU per hour. Since NOX reductions will

be calculated as a percent decrease from a baseline year (1990),

the first step for meeting the national standard for Ozone is to

establish an accurate baseline NOX emission inventory for the

period of May - September 1990. Emissions for this period

have been compiled and will be used as a basis for emission

reduction targeting and trading. OTC produced a procedures

document in December of 1994 that described the process for

completing the inventory, including quality assurance, calculation of five-month emissions, selection of emission factors, and

determining exceptional circumstances (an exceptional circumstances data base was developed in 1990 to cover atypical

operations).

The 13 OTC states faced much work to do in a very tight

time frame (the final inventory was due March 1, 1995) and no

central authority in a loose group of 13 states. Facing these

constraints, EPA’s strategy was to provide structure to the process and facilitate the task by

(1) making EPA technical expertise available to the OTC

 states to expedite the development of the baseline

 inventory,

(2) coordinating weekly conference calls among EPA and

 the states,

(3) communicating quickly, frequently, and freely along

 the way with states, industry, and the environmental

 community (using the OAQPS TTN and overnight

 mail),

(4) facilitating data quality assurance by assimilating and

 sorting state data bases quickly, and

(5) letting the states make decisions.

The commission voted on June 13, 1995, to accept the final

baseline inventory and to forward it to EPA for approval. This

inventory is not perfect, but it is an agreed-upon (by both industry and states) starting point on which the NOX emission

reductions can be calculated.

The CHIEF BBS contains the QA document describing

the criteria for accepting and quality assuring the data, the

OTC NOX baseline inventory (in a data base format), and a

spreadsheet summary of the NOX inventory.

For more information on this topic, contact Roy Huntley,

of EFIG, (919) 541-1060.

NEW INTERNATIONAL GUIDANCE ON

GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORIES ISSUED

The Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change

(IPCC) has issued a three-volume final guidance on

greenhouse gas inventories. The requirement for a

greenhouse gas inventory was agreed to by about 150

countries at June 1992 summit in Rio de Janeiro. Volume 1 consists of the reporting instructions, Volume 2

is a workbook, with emission estimation methodology,

and Volume 3 is the reference manual. The U. S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory is being prepared by EPA’s Office

Of Policy, Planning And Evaluation. The approved

emission estimation methodology is aimed at countries

without sophisticated emission inventory programs in

place, although other countries may use them. These

documents are currently available in English and are

being translated into French, Spanish, and Russian.

Plans include future translations into Chinese and Arabic. Copies of the guidance material may be obtained

by contacting IPCC WGI Technical Support Unit, The

Hadley Centre, Meteorological Office, London Road,

Bracknell RG12 2SY, United Kingdom.

EMISSION ESTIMATION TOOLS COURSE

 IN SAN ANTONIO

Anne Pope and Jim Southerland (EPA) and Angela Andrews (Lockheed Martin) presented a oneday course to 18 students at the Air & Waste Management Association’s (AWMA) annual meeting in

San Antonio on June 16. About one third of the students were from state and local agencies, while the

remainder were primarily from industry, academia and

consulting firms. Foreign attendees included individuals from Mexico, South Africa and Taiwan. Most

of the course time was spent working on the FIRE

data base on a prototype of the Air CHIEF CD-ROM,

version 4.0. This opportunity allowed students to

have hands-on experience with these systems and

other emission estimation tools from EFIG. A similar

presentation is planned for the Emission Inventory

Conference this October 10-13 at Research Triangle

Park, NC. If interested in attending, either respond to

the AWMA flyer when it is mailed in July or contact

AWMA at (412) 232-3444.

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The Task Force On Emission Inventories, chartered under the United Nations Economic Commission For Europe (UNECE),

met in Oslo, Norway, June 12-16. David Mobley represented the United States and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

The 80 meeting attendees represented 22 countries and several international organizations. The participants are very congenial

and are dedicated to improving emission inventories. English was the only common language (a great benefit to Mobley!).

The primary purpose of the meeting, led very effectively by Harald Dovland of Norway and Gordon McInnes of the

European Environment Agency, was to review the status of the Guidebook For Developing Emission Inventories In The

UNECE, which should be completed within the next six months. Both the review and the preparation, were accomplished by the

following Expert Panels:

Ammonia (NH3) Power Plants and Industry

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Verification

Heavy Metals and Persistent Organic Compound (HM/POC) Projections

Mobile Sources Strategic Overview

Marine Sources

David Mobley, leader of the Verification Expert Panel, has a draft report on the topic that is available for review by interested

parties.

The Europeans are still trying to finalize the 1990 Emission Inventory for member countries under the CORINAIR

program. Canada is still trying to finalize the 1990 emission inventory for their Provinces, and EPA is still trying to integrate 1990

emission inventory data from the U. S. Thus, the timeliness of a worldwide emission inventory data compilation is generally

unacceptable. The need for major overhaul of data management approaches was noted, and such activities are under way in

Canada, Europe, and the U. S. The Task Force On Emission Inventories has largely met its original mandate, but its value and

necessity in the UNECE context have been recognized, and extension of the Task Force for another three years has been

recommended.

In summary, the meeting was very productive as it is worthwhile for all parties to exchange information on standardized

emission estimation approaches. The next meeting is targeted for June 1996 in the United Kingdom.

UNECE TASK FORCE ON EMISSION INVENTORIES

AP-42 UNITS

The AP-42 team has revisited the question of English vs. metric units in AP-42. As you know, the country is

committed to metrification on a somewhat uncertain schedule. AP-42 currently contains dual tables that take up a very

large amount of space. The presumption of our deliberations

was that most of our clients currently still use English units,

our data systems are still in English units, but we also need to

comply with directives in an efficient way. Therefore, in the

future, we plan to omit the metric data and to provide conversion information in footnotes and/or another easily accessible

and understood format. If you have any comments on this,

please send them to us via the CHIEF BBS or e-mail.

STONE EMISSION FACTORS

A great deal of concern has arisen over any emission factors for the crushed stone industry beyond those for PM-10.

We are currently deliberating with various interests and inputs

on the best technical factors to use, if any, for anything larger

than PM-10. Our permits and policy folks are deliberating over

options for definition of the “regulated pollutant” for this industry. We hope the results of these deliberations will be available

soon, at which time we will publish any update of the factors on

the CHIEF BBS and Fax CHIEF (with appropriate alerts and

explanations). We appreciate your patience on this, as we know

there are many people interested in the outcome.

ANNE POPE WILL RETURN TO EFIG

Anne Pope has been away from the Emission Factor And

Inventory Group since the OAQPS reorganization several

months ago, working on development of teacher training information and other environmental education topics. She expects

to be returning to the Group in the next few weeks. Welcome

back, Anne!

SUMMER INTERN JOINS EFIG

We have been enjoying working this summer with Christina Lee, a native of Hong Kong and a rising junior in chemical

engineering at North Carolina A. & T. State University. Chris

joined us on May 22 and will stay until August 11, tracking

down emission factor gaps, testing the FIRE program, and

identifying hazardous air pollutant factor needs. She has been

able, also, to handle the usual "other duties, as assigned".
8

The CHIEF Newsletter is produced quarterly by the Emission Factor And Inventory

Group, Emissions Monitoring And Analysis Division, of EPA’s Office Of Air Quality

Planning And Standards. Its purpose is to enhance communication within the emission

factor and inventory community by providing new and useful information and by allowing

for the exchange of information between and among its readers. Comments on the

Newsletter and articles for inclusion in it are welcome and should be directed to Emission

Factor And Inventory Group (MD-14), US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711;

telephone (919) 541-5493.

The contents of The CHIEF Newsletter do not necessarily reflect the views and

policies of the Agency, neither does the mention of trade names or commercial products

constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

CORRECTING OUR CORRECTIONS!

In the Spring 1995 CHIEF Newsletter, we made a correction in the spelling of the

Region X contact name, Rindy Ramos, but the area code was misprinted. Rindy

Ramos's real phone number is (206) 553-6510. We apologize for the mistake.

The CHIEF Newsletter

Volume VI, No. 3

Summer 1995

UNITED STATES

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

EMISSION FACTOR AND INVENTORY GROUP (MD-14)

RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC 27711

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300

AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER

FIRST CLASS MAIL

POSTAGE AND FEES PAID

EPA

G-35