NATIONAL CENTER Series 21 

For HEALTH STATISTICS INumber 5 

VITAL and HEALTH STATISTICS 

DATA FROM THE NATIONAL VITAL STATISTICS SYSTEM 

Weight at Birth and 

Survival of the Newborn 

By Age of Mother 

Total-Birth Order 

United States, Early 1950 

and 

~~op~f?~ WTQE 

PuMlmmo& N?ANCH 

ED\TCll+Ai LIBMRY 

Statistics derived from vitol records on neonatal mortality by weight at birth, by color and sex, for infants 

born in the United States, during the first 3 months 

of 1950, by age of mother, total-birth order, and outcome of the mother’s previous pregnancies. 

Washington, D.C. July 1965 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF 

HEALTH, EDUCATION , AND WELFARE Public Health Service 

John W. Gardner Luther L. Terry 

Secretary .Syrgeon General 
This report was originally published in “VitalStatistics—Special Repovts, 

Vol. 47, No 2 (August 1958). Since the data presented and analyzed in 

the report are of continuing importance, it has been reprinted in Vital 

and Health Statistics without change. 

Public Health Service Publication No. 1000-Series 21-No.. 5 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office , 

Washington, D. C., 20402 - Price 45 cents 
NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS 

FORREST E. LINDER, PH. D., Director


THEODORE D. WOOLSEY, Deputy Director


OSWALD K. SAGEN, PH. D., ~$~istant Director


WALT R. SIMMONS, M.A., ~tatifticaz ~dvi~or


ALICE M. WATERHOUSE, M.D., Medical Advi~or


JAMES E. KELLY, D.D.s,, DentaZtidvi~or


LOUIS R. STOLCIS, M.A., Executive O@cer


D1VIS1ON OF VITAL STATISTICS 

ROBERTD. GROVE, PH. D., Chicj 

ANDERS S. LUNDE, PI-LD., Af$istantChitj 

Public !lealth Service Publication No. 1000-Series 21-No. 5 
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CONTENTS 

Text 

Page


Introduction 25 

Basis of stidy 26 

Registration completeness 27 

Background statistics 28 

“ ‘iBirthorder 28 

/-Birth weightdistribution --------------.--------------------------------I----------------------- 28

Neonatal mortality 29 

‘Age of mother 30 

Birth weight distribution 30 

Neonatal mortality 31 / 

-Color 32 

Birth weight &stribution 32 

Neonatal mortality 33 

Birth order and age of mother 34 

Birth weight tistiibution 35 

Neonatal mortality 37 

Shglebirtis 39 

Birth weight distribution 39 

Neonatal mortality 39 

Birth weightby Friod.o {.gest~~qn 40 

Current experience in relation to outcome of previous pregnancies-- _______ 40 

sum~----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 

Exphnatoq notes --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42 

Figures 

Figure 

1. Percent of live births at weights of2,500 grams or less and median birth weights by totalbirth order and color: United States, January l“to March 31, 1950------------------------ 29 

2.	 Neonatal mortality rates among children born during the’period January lto March 31, 

1950, by birth weight, total-birth order ,andcolocthited States 30 

3.	 Percent of live births at weights of2,500 grams orless and medianbirth weights byageof 

mother and color: United States, January lto March 31, 1950---------------------------- 31 

4.	 Neonatal mortality rates among children born during the period January ltoMarch 31, 

1950, by birth weight, age ofmoth.er, and color: United States 32 

5.	 Percent of live births atweightsof2, 500grams or less ,bytotal-birth order for each ageof-mother group United States 33 
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22 CONTENTS 

n“gure Figures— Continued Page 

6.	 Median birth weight of live births by total-birth order for each age-of-mother group 

January 1 to March 31, 1950 34 

7.	 Percent of live births at weights of 2,500 grams or less by age of mother for each totalbirth-order group: United States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 --------------------------- 35 

8.	 Median birth weight of live births by age of mother for each total-birth-order group: 

United States, Januaryl to March 31, 1950 36 

9.	 Neonatal mortality rates among children born during the period January 1 to March 31, 

1950, by birth weight andtotal-birth order foreach age-o f-mother group: United States-- 37 

10.	 Neonatal mortality rates among children born during the period January 1 to March 31, 

1950, by birth weight and age of mother for each total-birth-order group: United States 38 

Text Tables 

Table 

A. Percent distribution of married white women 15-44 years old by major occupation group of 

husband by number of children ever born: United States, 1950 ------------------------------ 26 

B. Percent birth registration completeness by age of mother, live-birth order, and color: 

United States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 ----------------------------------------------- 27 

c, Percentage of single live births occurring at gestations of 35 weeks and under, by age of 

mother and color: United States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 40 

General Tables 

1.	 Live births by birth weight, total-birth order, age of mother, and color: United States, 

January lto March 31, 1950 45 

2.	 Percentage distribution of Iivebirths by birth weight, bytotal-birth order, age of mother, 

and color: United States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 48 

3.	 Deaths under 28 days by birth weight, total-birth order, age of mother, and color: United 

States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 ------------------------------------------------------ 51 

4.	 Neonatal mortality rates by birth weight, total-birti order, ageofmother, md color: United 

States, January lto March 31, 1950 54 

5.	 Single live births by birth weight, period of gestation, total-birth order, and color: United 

States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 ------------------------------------------------------ 57 

6.	 Percentage distribution of single live births by birth weight, by period of gestation, totalbirth order, andcolor: United States, January lto March3l, 1950 59 

7.	 Single live births by birth weight, period of gestation, age of mother, and color: United 

States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 ------------------------------------------------------ 62 

8.	 Percentage distribution of single live births by birth weight, by period of gestation, age of 

mother, and color: United States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 65 

9.	 Single live births by birth weight, total-birth .order, outcome ofprevious deliveries,and 

color: United States, January lto March 31, 1950 ---------------------------------------- 68 

10. Percentage distribution of single Iivebirths by birth weight, bytotal-birth order, outcome 

of previous deliveries, and color: United States, Januaryl to March 31, 1950 69 

“11 . Deaths under 28 days among single live birthe by birth weight, age, total-birth order, outcome of previous deliveries, and color: United States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 70 

12.	 Mortality rates among single live births, by birth weight, age, total-birth order, outcome 

of previous deliveries, and color: United States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 72 
---------------- ----------------

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RELATED REPORTS 

Vital Statistics-Special Reports, Volume 39: 

No. 1. Weight at Birth and Its Effect on Survival of the Newborn in the United States, 

Early 1950. 

No. 6. Relation of Weight at Birth to Cause of Death and Age at Death in the Neonatal 

Period: United States, Early 1950. 

Vital Statistics—Special Reports, Volume 45: 

No. 10. Weight at Birth and Its Effect on Survival of the Newborn: United States 

by Geographic Divisions and by Urban and Rural Areas, Early 1950. 

SYMBOLS 

Class or item not applicable (3 dots) ---------------- . . .


Data not available (3 dashes)-------------------------------------------------------


Quantity is zero in frequency tables (1 dash)----------------------------------------- -


Quantity is zero in rate or percent tables (1 cipher)----------------------------------- O


If rate or percent is more than O, but less than 0.05-----------------------------------


If both frequency and population base are zero in rate or percent tables (1 dash)--------- -


23 

0.0 
Weight at Birth and Survival of Newborn, by Age of Mother 

and Total-Birth Order: United States, Early 1950 

By Jeanne Loeb, Analytical Statistician . 

introduction 

This is the fourth ,@ a series of reports 

in which the birth weight of children born in the 

first 3 months of 1950 and the relation of birth 

weight to mortality experience during the first 

4 weeks of life have been studied in connection 

with other factors known about these births. The 

factors considered in this report include age of 

mother, birth order, and outcome of the mother’s 

previous pregnancies. In earlier reports data by 

color, sex, plurality, attendant at birth, place of 

residence, age at death, and cause of death were 

presented. 

During the period that has elapsed since the 

events analyzed here took place, there has been no 

fundamental change in the relative importance of 

neonatal mortality. Over two-thirds of the. deaths 

in the first year occur in the neonatal period, and 

mortalily in these 4 weeks is higher than in any 

single year of age after the first through age 50. 

Additional information on factors affecting 

mortality of the newborn is needed to help delineate the problem more precisely. Data in this 

report on demographic factors associated with 

high mortality of children at different weights will 

help to indicate to medical, public health, and social 

welfare groups the magnitude of specific problems 

relating to excessive mortality among these infants. Of special interest is the immature group 

of children. Today, neonatal deaths among these 

infants account for over two-thirds of the total. 

From the large cohort of births included in the 

present study, detailed information is made available on two aspects of the problem of prematurity— 

frequency of immature birth and mortality experience of immature infants, 

Of equal, though of less striking importance, 

is the need to know more about general differences 

in average birth weight and in mortality among 

normal weight children. These variations which 

are sometimes very large are also significant 

in considering the overall comparative mortality 

and health experience of the newborn. 

Certain limitations must be placed on interpretation of variations in birth weight and mortality with age of mother and birth order presented in this report because of the nature of the 

data. These same limitations apply to data in 

similar reports that have been published elsewhere 1 

and may to some extent explain certain differences 

in findings. In each of these studies, the statistics 

for individual age of mother and birth-order categories represent to some extent the experience 

of different groups of women. z Because of the 

degree of selection at successive birth orders 

and ages of mother, $ese groups may differ 

sharply in relation m other factors than age of 

mother and birth order—for instance, socioeconomic status, habits in child spacing, etc.— 

depending on the fertility pattern prevailing in the 

area. For example, in this country and in many 

others, women having their third child represent 

only about one-half to two-thirds of those giving 

birth a second time, and at higher orders the 

ratio between births at successive orders is of 

similar magnitwde. With this degree of reduction 

lMcKeown, Thomas, and Gibson, J. ~. , ‘ ‘Observations On All Births (23, 970) In Birmingham, 1947, ‘ ‘ 

British Journal of Social Medicine, VOL. 5, No. ~, 

.4pril 1951, PP. 98-112; Van Gelderen, H.H. , Posthuma, 

J. Hermana, and De Haas, J. H. , ‘ ‘Geboortegewicht 

en praematuritas in Nederland, ‘ ‘ Tijdschrift v. 

Sot. Gen.eeskunde, November 19, 1954, PP. 443-454: 

Sronberg, Y. i!. , Halevi, H. S. , and Brzezinski, A. , 

‘ ‘Studies in Anthropometry of Jewish Infants in 

Pales tine,” American -70urrIal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 9, No. 3, September 1951, P. 297. 

21n studies based on data for more than 1 year 

there is, of course, some duplication at successive 

birth orders or ages. 

25 

1-
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26 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

in the population at each birth order, selectivity 

in relation to economic level, a factor often 

considered to be related to birth weight,s could 

affect the patterns of change in birth weight and 

mortality with birth order. 

As a general index of the variation in socioeconomic status with size of family in this country, 

data for white women by occupation of husband 

from the 1950 census of population are shown 

in table A. These figures indicate that there are 

some differences in occupational composition for 

small and large families-for example, a higher 

proportion of farmers, farm laborers, and other 

laborers are represented in the large family 

groups. It should be understood, therefore, that 

the variations in birth weight and mortality with 

3Douglas”, J. W. B. , ‘‘Social Class Differences


in Health and Survival During the First Two Years


of Life,’” Population Studies, VO1. V, No. 1, July 

1951, pp. 35-58; Eastman, Nicholson J., “Prematurity and Its Relationship to Maternal Health, ” 

California’s Heslth, VO1. 10, No. 16, February 28, 

1953. PP. 121-123; Gibson, J. R., ..and McKeown, 

Thomas, “Birth Weight Related to Economic Circumstances of Parents, “ Briti=h Journal of Social 

Medicine, VOI. 5, No. 4, October 1951, pp. 259-264. 

age of mother and birth order described in this 

report cannot be assigned wholly to the two factors 

under direct study. Other related factors may 

intervene and modify the effect of these variables. 

Basis of study 

With the addition of the item “birthw eight” 

to practically all State certificates of birth in 1949, 

the development of data for this characteristic on 

a national basis became possible for the first 

time. Annual data on births by weight have been 

published since 1950, but only from this special 

study are national data also available on neonatal 

deaths by birth weight. The opportunity to obtain 

information on mortality in the neonatal period 

in relation to weight at birth for the first quarter 

of 1950 was afforded by the matching of neonatal 

death records with corresponding birth records, 

which was incidental to a test of birth registration 

completeness.4 

4For details on the procedures in the Matching, 

see National Office of vital Statistics, ‘‘Weight


at Birth and Its Effect on Survival of the Newborn


in tbs United States, Early 1950, ” Vit.sl Statis -

ti. s- Spe. i.41 Reports, VOI. 39, No. 1, 1954. 

TABLE A. l?ERCENTDISTRIBUTIONOF MARRIXD WRI~ WOMEN 15-44 YEARS OLD BY MAJOR OCCUPATIONGROUPOF HUSBAND 

BY NUMSER OF CEIIDRENEVER EOFUT:UNTIED STAT2?tS,1950


(Basedon a 2.4-percentsample. Limited to women married once and husband present. In computingpercent­


ages, cases where husbands were not in the experiencedcivilian labor force or where informationon oc­


cupationwas not reportedwere excluded)


‘.


WOMSN WITH SPECIKCEDNUMBER OF CHILDREN


Total EVER BORN


MAJOR OCCUPATIONGROUP OF HUSW
 women
 5 or
 None 1 2 3 4
 more
 I 

TO!L4L 100.0 100.0 loo. o 100.0 loo, o 100.0 100.0 , I , 

I 8 

Professional,technical,and kindred workers---- 8.8 10.2 9.3 9.7 8.0 5.4 2.8 

Farmers and fexm managers 9.6 6.9 7.2 8.6 11.8 15.5 21.8 

Managers, officials,and proprietors,excl. farm 12.1 11.2 11.8 14.3 12.8 10.8 6.5 

Clerical, sales, end kindred workers 13.5 17.0 15.6 13.6 10.5 7.9 5.1 

Craftsmen,foremen, and kindred workers 21.9 20.6 21.8 22.4 23.1 23.1 21.0 

Operativesand kindred workers 22.5 22.2 23.2 21.2 22.3 24.0 25.0 

Serviceworkers, includingprivate household---- 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.4 3.4 3.2 2.9 

Farm laborers and foremen 2.2 2.3 2.0 1.7 2.3 3.0 5.1 

Laborers,except farm and mine------------------ 5.9 5.9 5.5 5.1 5.8 7.1 9.8 

J I I I I I 

Source of basic data: U. S. Bureau of the Census, U. S. Census of Population:1950, Vol. IV, Part 5C,
 ———
 table 28.

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Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BLRTH BY 

All birth and related death certificates -filed 

in the United States for children born between 

January 1 and March 31, 1950, except those for 

residents of Massachusetts, are included in the 

study group. Certificates relating to residents 

of Massachusetts were omitted since this State 

did not require the reporting of birth weight. 

Neonatal mortality rates for the United States 

including and excluding Massachusetts were 19.9 

and 20.0, respectively. 

Registration completeness 

A test of birth registration completeness 

covering the. period of this study indicated that 

practically all (98.6 percent) of the white births 

AGE OF MOTHER 27 

and 93.5 percent of the nonwhite were registered. 

Data on birth registration completeness by certain 

of the classifications studied in this report are 

shown in table B.5 

No definitive information is available on the 

completeness of death registration, but it is 

thought to vary generally as birth registration 

completeness. Since there is probably a slight 

bias in the direction of underreporting of small -

5For summary of method and detailed statistics,


see National Office of Vital Statistics, ‘‘Birth


Registration Completeness in the United States and


Geographic Areas, 1950. Part III. Data for De-


tailed Characteristics, ‘‘ Vital Statistics-Special


Reports, Vol. 45, No. 9; 1956.


TABLE B. PERCENT BIRTH ~GISTRA1’IONCOMPIWIENESSBY AGE OF MOTHER, LIVE-BIRTH ORDER, AND COLOR: 

UNITED ST!MU3S,J~ 1 TO M9.RCH31, 1950 

(Live-birthorder.r.%fersto number of childrenborn alive to mother)


IZVE-BIRTR ORDER


AGE OF MOTHER AND COLOR1 Total=


meal---------------------

unaer 20 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


45 years and over


White


Under 20 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


.40-44years


45 years and over


Nonwhite


Under 20 years-------------’


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


45 years and over


WI and 3th =a hit 2d 3d, 4th 5th 7th over 

97.9 98.9 98.7 98.2 97.2 95.9 94.5 92.6


97.1 97.-1 96.2 94:9 94.6 84.1 88.2 

98.1 99.2 98.3 96.9 95.0 93.5 91.9 90.7 

98.3 99.4 99.3 98.5 96.9 95.3 93.8 93.0 

98.1 99.2 99.4 99.1 98.2 96.7 94.5 92.5 

97.1 98.8 99.2 98.9 98.3 96.9 95.3 92.4 

96.5 98.6 98.8 99.2 98.4 97.2 96.4 93.3 

90.9 94.4 94.3 93.1 92.3 91.2 89.9 90.7 

98.6 99.3 99.1 98.8 98.0 97.0 95.6 93.9 

98.3 98.6 97.4 96.8 98.1 83.3 100.0 

98.8 99.5 98.8 97.9 96.1 94.5 93.0 90.6 

98.8 99.6 99.5 98.9 97.7 96.2 94.4 94.2 

98.7 99.4 99.6 99.4 98.6 97.6 95.5 93.3 

98.0 99.2 99.4 99.2 98.8 97.6 96.3 93.9 

97.5 99.0 99.3 99.4 99.1 97.9 97.1 94.6 

93.8 99.0 96.7 95.2 95.8 93.0 94.0 93.2 

93.5 95.0 94.8 94.1 93.1 92:4 91.9 90.3 

93.6 93.9 93.6 92.8 92.5 84.6 81.8 

94.2 96.0 94.7 93.8 93.0 92.5 91.2 90.7 

94.3 97.2 96.0 94.9 93.0 92.8 93.0 92.1 

93.3 96.2 96,5. 95.0 94.3 92.3 91.8 91.3 

91.2 93.0 95.6 93.2 93.3 91.7 90.8 89.5 

89.9 91.8 90.9 95.1 89.9 89.8 92.4 89.5 

80.7 75.0 78.9 84.6 75.0 81.8 72.7 .84.6 

+iw.s for aw o-f mother not stated are not shown separately but am ~cludea h ‘Otds2Figwres for births of order not stated are not shown sepa=tely but are included in the “Total.” 

789-2950-65-2

28 VITAL STATISTICS -SPECIAL REPORTS 

infants who died immediately after birth or in group. The risk of dying was higher for the smaller ‘ 

reporting some of them as fetal deaths, under- babies at all ages in the neonatal period but the 

statement of the proportion of infants at the low greatest differences were found in the early 

weights and of the mortality rates at these weights days of life. 

and at the younger ages may result. This biasing When data by age for white and nonwhite 

situation would, it seems likely, generally be of infants were compared, it was noted that the 

greater significance in groups with low birth reg- advantage for the nonwhite at immature weights 

istration completeness. was due to lower mortality in the first few days 

For other explanatory material relating to of life. At subsequent ages the rate for the 

qualifications, adjustments, and classification of nonwhite immature infant was the same or greater 

data, see Explanatory Notes at end of report. than for the white. For babies weighing 2,501 

grams or more, the loss among the nonwhite exceeded that among the white in the early days of 

Background Statistics life as well as later in the neonatal period. 

A brief summary of some of the basic statisBirth Order tics on the newborn by birth weight is given here as 

background for the data by birth order and age of


mother that follow. Birth weight distribution


Of the children born in the first 3 months of Among children included in the study group, 1950, 7.4 percent weighed 2,500 grams or less. births of immature infants, which represent such 

However, deaths among these infants accounted a critical segment of the newborn in relation to 

for about two-thirds of all neonatal deaths. This survival, occurred most frequently in first preg­ is explained, of course, by the high mortality nancies and births of fifth and higher orders 

(174 per 1,000) in the group. For babies weighing (7.7 percent). The lowest incidence of immaturity . 2,501 grams or more, the neonatal mortality rate was found among second pregnancies (6.9) per- was only 7.8 per 1,000. cent) and, as indicated in table 2 and figure 1, 

Certain differences between the experience for each subsequent birth order brought a slightly 

the white and nonwhite groups in relation to birth increased proportion of premature infants. 

weight are important. A greater proportion of non- The changes in average (median) birth weight white than white children were born at the imma­ with birth order did not accord completely with 

tureG weights (9.7 and 7.0 percent, respectively) differences in the incidence ,of immature birth 

and also at weights 4,501 grams or more (3.8 in that, despite the rise in the proportion of 

and 1.8 percent, respectively) and, on the average, small babies (2,500 grams or less) at birth 

the nonwhite babies weighed slightly less (50 grams) orders above the second, birth weight increased 

than the white. The higher neonatal mortality rate at each successive birth order. From a low of 

for nonwhite than white infants (about 40 percent) 3,250 grams for first births, the median birth was due in part to these weight differences and in weight climbed continuously and reached a high 

part to the substantially greater mortality among of 3,460 grams at fifth and higher orders. Although the nonwhite at weights of 2,501 grams of more. 

In relation to age at death, approximately 

one-half of the deaths during the first 28 days T~ir~h ~rd,s=, as used in this report. relates ‘0 

occurred before the end of the first day, with the ‘ ‘total-birth order, ‘ ‘ which refers to the number 

of live births, including the current birth, and 

proportion dying this soon varying from three- fetal deaths that a mother has had. In this numfourths for the very small babies (those 1,000 ber, however, it can be assumed that only fetal 

grams or less) to about one-third for the mature	 deaths at gestations of 20 weeks or more are included since the birth order item relating to, fetal 

deaths on the birth certificates in use in most 

States in 1950 required the reporting of only this 

6Relates to children weighing 2,500 grams or group. In referring to total birth order as 

less. See section on Classifications for discussion ‘ ‘pregnancies,’ ‘ therefore, this restriction should 

of usage of terms ‘ ‘immature’ ‘ and 1 ‘premature.’$ be u-nderstood. 
.. . .. . . . ,., .,. . 

Kol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 29 

Figure I 

Percent of Live Births at Weights of 2,500 

by Total-Birth order and Color: united 

(Based on dato 

PERCENT OF LIVE BIRTHS WEIGHING 

PERCENT 2,500 GRAMS OR LESS 

12 

%+ NONWHITE 

II \& 

6 

5 

3 

e 

I 

o 

I 2 3 4 5

and 

over TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER 

data are not shown separately for individual orders 

above the fourth, the particularly marked increase in average birth weight between the fourth 

and the higher order births (80 grams) would seem 

to indicate a continuing rise even beyond the fifth 

order. The only other difference of comparable 

magnitude (70 grams) is found between weights 

of first and second children. 

The shift toward higher weight with increasing 

birth order meant smaller proportions of children 

at weights 3,500 grams or less and larger proportions at weights above this, A child weighing 

4,501 grams or more at birth was a relatively 

rare occurrence in first pregnancies (O.8 percent). 

But, among children of fifth and higher orders, 

5.6 percent weighed this -much (table 2). 

Grams or Less and Median Birth Weights 

States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 

shown in table 2) 

MEDIAN BIRTH WEIGHT 

GRAMS 

“eoo~ 

3“00~ 

3,.?00 

3,300 

3+?O0 

3,100 

0 r T T T T 

I 2 3 4 5

and 

over TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER 

Neonatal mortality , 

Variations in neonautl mortali~ with birth 

order were similar to, but—except between the 

first and second orders—were substantially greater 

than corresponding variations in the incidence of 

immaturity with birth order (figures 1 and 2). 

The risk of mortality dipped from 19.1 per 1,000 

for the first births to the low, 17.8, among the 

children of second pregnancies and then climbed, 

first gradually and then somewhat sharply, to a 

maximum of 26.9 among fifth and higher order 

births (table 4). 

For immature babies, mortality by birth order 

differed most notably from the experience of all 

children in that the rate was lower among first 

I 
�

30 VITAL STATISTICS—SPECIAL REPORTS 

than second births. But, for children weighing obstetrical problems in delivery may be the


2,501 grams or more the changes in mortality critical factor in the reduction of risk.


followed closely the pattern already described


for total births except that the relative differences Age of Mother


between mortality at first and second orders and


at the higher orders were much greater. Birth weight distribution
 If it were possible to reduce the overall 

neonatal mortality rates at all birth orders to the A similarity ‘between the variations in birth 

level for second births, the greatest saving in weight by age of mother and variations by birth 

lives among the newborn would be made at the order is immediately evident from a comparison 

high orders (fifth and over) despite the small of figures 1 and 3. This consistency may be due iq 

numbers of births of these orders. With a distri- part to the close correlation between age of mother, 

bution of births the same as in January through and birth order in that births to younger mothers’ 

March 1950, over 50 percent of the saving among generally represent those of a lower order, where-! 

mature infants would come from this group where as births to the older mothers are more likely; 

socioeconomic factors are likely to be of im- to be those of higher order. 

portance. A reduction about half as large, but In relation to age of mother, immature birth was ~ 

still substantial, would be achieved among first comparatively frequent among very young mothers 

children weighing 2,501 grams or more. For first (9.0. percent at 15-19 years), dropped to a minibabies of this size, studies have indicated that mum at 25-29 years (6.7 percent), and then inFigure 2 

Neonatal Mortality Rates Among Children Born During the Period January 1 to March 31, 

1950, by Birth V/eight, Total-Birth Order, and Color: United States 

(Sased on data shown in table 4) 

ALL CHILDREN CHILDREN WEIGHING CHILDREN WEIGHING 

RATE RATE 2}500 GRAMS OR LESS RATE 2,501 GRAMS OR MORE 

. . 40.0 350,0 15.0 

14.0 4.-

36.0 320.0 NONWHITE 8’ i

8

‘*\ �+’ 

13.0 8 

32.0 290.0 

12.0 

I 

8 

t 

, 4 2eo.o 11.0 t 28.0 

‘> NoNWHITE ,#~ t 1 230.0 I 0,0 

24.0 _#e....__ 8$ 

%*## $* 

..*” 200.0 

*** Zoo ,,, ,.,! 

TOTAL L 

*,.* 

***,*9 ,700 ~ti: ~ ; 

&- , “’%,,,,+,..} ,**L WHITE 

16.0 

140.0 

o~ o~ or T 

2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 and and and over over Ov*r 

TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER 
Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 31 

Fiaure .—– 3-

Percent of Live Births at Weights of 2,500 

by Age of Mother and Color: united 

(Based on data 

PERCENT OF CHILDREN 

2,500 GRAMS OR LESS AT BIRTH 

PERCENT 

‘5 ~ 

14 

. !2 S, NONWHITC 

II S.. 

10 l+h-— 

9 

8 

7 

H—t—H—H 

4!~l 

o T T TT 

.15.19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40.44 

AGE OF MOTHER (in years) 

creased. Average weight, however, varied directly 

with age of mother and did not reflect the effect 

of variations in immaturity. The proportion of 

very heavy babies (4,501 grams or more) also 

increased at each successive age of mother group 

(table 2). 

Neonatal mortality 

From the viewpoint of neonatal mortality, the 

risk for the newborn was also lowest in pregnancies 

to mothers aged 25-29 years. Substantially higher 

mortality was found among children of younger 

or older mothers (table 4). When rates for specific 

weight groups are examined, it is seen that the 

disadvantage for children lmrn to mothers late 

in their reproductive period was particularly 

Grams or Less and Median Birth Weights 

States, January 1 to March 31, 195.0 

shown In table 2) 

MEDIAN BIRTH WEIGHT 

GRAMS 

3“’00~ 

3,400 

3,300 

3,200 

0 

15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 33-39 00-44 

AGE OF MOTHER (in years) 

marked among infants weighing 2,501’ grams or 

more at bir~ (figure 4). ‘The- rate for babies 

of this size to mothers 40-44 years of age was 

double the optimum rate. At immature weights 

the corresponding difference amounted to only 

12 percent, and the increased mortality among 

babies of very young mothers was of equal importance. 

The age of mother at which minimum mortality occurred varied slightly for the immature 

and mature groups. For the mature children, 

the minimum rate came at a slightly younger 

age than for the smaller babies. On detailed 

analysis, however, this difference appears to be 

due partly to a higher proportion of nonwhite 

babies among mothers of younger ages. 
32 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

Figure 4 

Neonatal Mortality Rates Among Children Born During the Period January 1 to March 31, 

1950, by Birth Weight, Age of Mother, and Color: United States 

(Based on doto shown inloble 4) 

CHILDREN WEIGHING CHILDREN WEIGHING ALL CHILDREN 2,500 GRAMS OR LESS 2,501 GRAMS OR MORE 

RATE 

““”~ 

‘“””l~


I 

32.0 

$?8,0 --b 

\ 

‘\ 

e4,0 

I 6,0 

RATE	 RATE �229 

18.0 

4’0”0 ~ : 

420.0 

16.0 

14,0 

J I 

I 2,0 300’0~ 

e?o.a 

10.0 -ti--tEk 

8.0 

100.0 

6.0 

L.Ll--L.L.LJ 

0 T 1 o~ 

15-19 20.24 25.29 30.34 3s.39 40.44 15.19 eo.24 25-e9 30-34 3s-3940.44 15-19 20.24 25.29 30-34 35.3S 4+44 

AGE OF MOTHER(ln yore) AGE OF MOTHER (III Yeor~) AGE OF MOTHER(ln Yeora] 

Color 

Birth weight distribution 

The experience of the white group with respect to prematurity closely paralleled that for all 

births, But, for the nonwhite, there were some 

notable differences (figures 1 and 3), The percentage of children weighing 2,500 grams or less 

for this group was lowest at the fourth order 

rather than at the second and the increase in 

immaturity after ages 25-29 years was less 

marked. 3ome comments are offered here on 

factors that may have a bearing on these differences even though it is not possible to assess 

their exact effect, One factor relates to quality of 

the data. For those children born in January 

through March 1950, who were enumerated in the 

‘1950 census, completeness of birth registration’ 

was found to vary substantially more with age of 

mother for the nonwhite than for the white group 

(ta61e B). It is likely that the bias toward less 

complete reporting evidenced at older ages for 

the nonwhite is even more marked with respect to 

premature infants. 

Another factor that may affect comparative 

data for the white and nonwhite concerns a social 

differential. Large proportions of nonwhite births 

at the lower birth orders and among the younger 

mothers are illegitimate. Thus, an association, between immature birth and illegitimacy would be 

reflected to a greater extent in data for the nonwhite than for the white group, 
Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH 

Neonatal mortality 

The relationship of mortaliq in the neonatal 

period to birth order differed in some ways for tie 

white and nonwhite groups at weights of 2,501 

grams or more (figure 2). ‘The disadvantage for 

the first-born in comparison with other children 

of these weights was greater among the nonwhite 

than among the white. In addition, the best experience at mature weights occurred among third 

deliveries for the nonwhite but among secondbirths 

for the white. 

For both white and nonwhite childreqchanges in 

neonatal mortality with age of mother showed general similarity (figure 4). However, the age of 

BY AGE OF MOTHER 33 

mother carrying the minimum risk to the newborn weighing 2,501 grams or more was slightly 

younger for the nonwhite (20-24 years) than for 

the white (25-29 years). 

Because of the small numbers of births for 

the nonwhite at weights 2,500 grams or less, the “ 

rates for this group are necessarily subject to 

a large degree of variation due to chance. This 

may explain the irreguIar\ties in the rates by age 

of mother for nonwhite biixhs of these weights. 

Rates for this group by birth order, however, 

appeared to follow the general pattern noted 

earlier for all births of 2,500 grams or less— 

that is, one of increase in mortality with birth 

order. 

Figure 5 

Percent of Live Births at Weights of 2,500 Grams or Less, by Total-Birth order 

for Each Age-of-Mother Group: United States 

(Based on data shown in table 2) PERCENT 

20 

1s / 

16, 4 

/ 

/0 

14’ 

40-44 

12 

35-39.. 

�.O 

%* 

10 

30-34 

e 

25-29 

-m -= &“=fUU-a-e”””” . .** 20.2;’ 

6 

. 

I 2 3 4 5 

ond 

Ov*r 

TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER 
--

34 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

Birth order and Age of Mother 

Elecause of the high correlation between age 

of mother and birth order, variation in the incidence of immaturity and in neonatal mortality 

with one of these variables may be related largely 

to a simultaneous change in the other. To eliminate the effect of this correlation, therefore, data 

have been cross-tabulated by age of mother and 

birth order. By so doing, it is possible to hold 

one variable fixed, thereby eliminating changes due 

solely to this variable and related factors, and 

to study the residual changes in relation to the 

other variable. This treatment of the data, however, introduces an additional source of variation 

since certain combinations of birth order and age 

of mother may be of special significance with 

respect to such factors as interval between birth 

and economic status. For example, the interval 

between births is likely to be much shorter for 

a young mother bearing a child of high birth order 

than for the older mothers bearing children of 

like order. Thus, when the changes in the incidence 

of immaturity and neonatal mortality with birth 

order are studied, while age of mother is held 

constant, it is possible that the effect of high 

birth order would be quite different for the younger and the older groups of women because of the 

differential in child spacing at different ages. 

In general, therefore, when a pattern of 

change in immaturity or neonatal mortality with 

birth order is consistent for all age-of-mother 

groups, it is likely that the variation is related 

only to birth order and associated factors. On 

the other hand, a varying pattern would point to 

the effect of an additional factor or factors related to 

the composite of birth order and age of mother. 

This applies correspondingly when age of mother 

rather than birth order is the principal variable. 

Figure 6 

Median Birth Weight of Live Births by Total-Birth Order for Each Age-of-Mother Group: 

January 1 to March 31, 1950 

GRAMS (Based on data shown in table 2) 

3,600 

15-19 

3,500 _ 20-24 _ 

25-29 — 

30-34 ---= 

3,400 

40-44 —


:


3,100 

0 

I 2 3 4 5 

and 

over 

TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER 
,. 

Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 35 

Birth weight distribution 

l?&ut7z onie~.—From figure 5, it is evident 

that the changes in the incidence of immature 

birth with birth order varied considerably at 

each age of mother level. In contrast to the 

general situation described earlier, the frequency 

of immature birth among the offspring of mothers 

under 25 years of age was about the same or 

lower for first than second births. For this same 

group, increase in birth order beyond the second 

order brought sharp increases in the incidence 

of immaturity. The pattern differed for deliveries 

to mothers aged 25 years and over, in that, at this 

age level birth of a premature baby occurred more 

frequently (by at least 20 percent) among first 

than among second pregnancies. At the same 

time, the rise at the higher birth orders became 

progressively smaller as age of mother increased 

until at ages 35 years and over there was virtually 

no change. The modifying tendency toward considerably 

greater percentages of premature babies at the 

higher birth orders among younger mothers may 

very well indicate some significance of the interval between births. One other factor that may 

bear upon these differences is the use of “totalbirth order” in this study. For the younger mothers, 

in contrast to the older, high birth order may mean 

somewhat greater proportions who have had at 

Figure 7 

Percent of Live Births at Weights of 2,500 Grams or Less by Age of Mother for Each 

Total-Birth-Order Group: United States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 

(Based on doto showri In table 2) PERcENT 

20 

‘. 18 . “. FIFTH	 BIRTH . 

AND oVER 

i 

“. 

% 

16 “. 

‘. 

“. 

“. 

“. 

“. 

. 

!4 

FOURTH BIRTH’* 

s’, / 

\ / 

12 

THIRD BIRTH 

10 — 

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ilIilllsl..~ J** e 

6 

1-

L 

0 

15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 

AGE OF MOTHER (in years) 

s 

789-2950-65-3 

r 
---

36 VITAL STATISTICS—SPECIAL REPORTS 

least one fetal death al lC.JWgestations in previous 

pregnancies. In this connection, it will be shown 

later that the incidence of prematurity was higher 

among current births to women with previous fetal 

loss than among the birfis to the other women. 

A different explanation must be offered for 

the higher percentages of immature babies found 

among first than among second births to women 

over 24 years. For this group, factors relating 

to physiological or anatomical changes may possibly 

be of prime importance. 

Variations in median birth weights with birth 

order for each age-of -mother group, as shown 

in figure 6, indicate that, on the average, birth 

weight increased with birth order. The exceptions 

are confined principally to the younger age groups 

where a corresponding higher incidence of immature birth was also noted. 

Age of mother. —When the changes fn immature 

birth and median birth weights are examined with 

relation to age of mother (figures 7 and 8) it is 

seen that, except for first birtis, increasing age 

of mother through ages 25-29 years meant a sharp 

reduction in the proportion of premature births 

and a substantial increase in median birth weight. 

For first births, however, a slight upturn in immaturity and a decrease in median birth weight 

occurred at an earlier age. 

The relation of prematurity to age of mother 

at ages over 25-29 years varied with birth order 

to a much greater degree than at the younger 

ages. Among first pregnancies the rise in premature birth was marked (from 7.1 percent at 

25-29 years to 13.7 at 40-44 years). At each 

successive birth order the increase became smaller until at the fifth and higher orders there was 

Figure 8 

Median Birth Weight Of Live Births by Age of Mother [or Each Total.Birth-orderGroup: 

United States, January 1 to March 31, 1950 

(Based on data shown in toble 2) 

GRAMS 

3,600 

FIFTH BIRTH 

.*” AND OVER 

3,500 

3,400 --a 

---*S FOURTH 81RTU 

*.*** *~’’’s’’’’’’s’6’’’’’*’’’’”9” “’”~~**~a**alm.mn.#,,,, m,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ~EGoND ~,~,” 

3,300 

3,$?00 

3,100 

0 T T 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 

AGE OF MOTHER (in years) 
--

-----

Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 37 

even a slight lessening in the frequency of premature birth with increase in age of mother past 

25-29 years. 

Color. —The above remarks relating to birth 

weights of all newborn are appropriate for white 

births. For nonwhite children the experience differed in some respecte although the general pattern 

was very similar. There was the same shift with increasing age in the birth order at which prematurity was at a minimum. However, for each age 

group this minimum was generally found at a 

higher birth order for the nonwhite than for the 

white. AIso, median birth weights for nonwhite 

children consistently increased with birth order 

regardless of age of mother. 

Changes in the incidence of immaturity and 

median birth weights with age of mother for the 

white and nonwhite groups also appear to be of 

the same nature. In both, the trend was generally 

downward through the age of mother group 25-29 

years, and for the low orders, upward at later 

ages. 

Neonatal mortality 

The similarity of variations in neonatal mortality with age of mother and birth order to 

variations in the incidence of immaturity with 

these factors is evident from a comparison of 

figures 9 and 10 with 5 and 7. Among mothers 

25 years of age and over the hazard for the 

first born was greater than for the second born 

with respect to neonatal mortality as well as 

immature birth. For chiklren of younger mothers, 

Figure 9 

Neonatal Mortality Rates Among Children Born During the period January 1 to March 31, 

1950, by Birth Weight and Total-Birth order for Each Age-of-Mother Group: United States 

(Based on dato shown in toble 4) 

RATE 

ALL CHILDREN 68.8 

CHILDREN 

2,500 GRAMS 

WEIGHING 

OR LESS I?ATE 

CHILDREN 

2,501 GRAMS 

WEIGHING 

OR MORE 

500 ~/1 ::~”~ ““”l~ 

46.0 15-19 /- 430.0 

1- 15-19 .-.+ 

17.0— 15.19 

20-24 

} 25-29 

.. . . .. . . . ‘“~/ 

_ i-i 16.0 20-24 ... . . . . . 

25-29 _ 

42.o :::: :.= —/y-l !5.0 

30.34 —-

35-39 

l-- 40.44 — 40-44 — 

34.0 l-- ,/ slo”~l’!-l : -YJ= ?7 

.“ .’ 

11.0 “. 

“. I “. I0.0 

14.0 30.0 — -. 

7.0 

6.0 

5.0 

L L J- -L -L -1 

0 T T -r I 7 or T 1- 1 -r -1 0 

I 2 3 4 5 I 2 3 4 5 I 2 3 4 5 

ond ond and 

TOTAL- BIRTH ORDER ‘“er TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER over TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER ‘“er 
�

38 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

however, the risk among first-born was about the 

same as or lower than that for second-born 

children. Also, just as in the case of immaturity, 

the rise in mortality with birth order became less 

and less marked as mother’s age increased and 

was even delayed past the second or Ihird birth 

order. But, while higher birth order brought little 

or no increase in the proportion of premature births 

among mothers at the later reproductive years, a 

substantial rise in mortality persisted at fifth 

and higher birth orders regardless of age of 

mother. The correlative situation applies to a 

comparison of changes in immaturity and mortality with age of mother. 

Considering the large proportion of the mortality in the neonatal period that pertains to 

premature infants, the relationship of total mortality among the newborn to age of mother and 

birth order and of the incidence of immaturity 

to these variables would be expected to be similar. 

But, the similarity of some of the changes in 

mortali~ among mature children to changes in 

frequency of immature birth is surprising and suggests a continuum of problems leading to these 

outcomes. For children weighing 2,501 grams or 

more, the risk of mortality among the offspring 

of mothers over 19 years of age was materially 

higher for the first-born than for the second-” 

born. Increased birth order above the second 

or third order, however, meant a rise in mortality” at all ages and not just the younger ages as 

in the case of immaturity. Among immature 

children the pattern differed in that there was 

no definite disadvantage for the first as comFigure 10 

Neonatal Mortality Rates Among Children Born During the Period January 1 to March 31, 

1950, by Birth Weight and Age of Mother for Each Total-Birth-Order Group: United States 

(Based on data shown In table 4) 

CHILDREN WEIGHING CHILDREN WEIGHING - ALL CHILDREN 2,500 GRAMS O R LESS 2,501 GRAMS OR MORE 

RATE ~68.6 RATE RATE 

18.0 

4“0”0 ~ ‘“”or:~ 

I 4.0 , 

13.0 

Ii?.o 

.O 

11.0 

10.0 

i ‘“ 9.0 — 

220.0 -. \,— . . 

...... ‘ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...”.. . ao t%)
 -+’ 

\ 

\\ 

- . . . . . 6.0 ..\ I “%...5,. . . . . . . . l.=< = :EEEL-++J 50

- ­ r—-r. . . . 

0. T 

15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40.44 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 15-19 20.24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 

AGE OF MOTHER (in years) AGE OF MOTHER (in yeara) AGE OF MOTHER (In years) 
., ,., . 

Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH 

pared with the second-born of mothers overage 19. Birth weight distribution 

With regard to age of mother, mortaliW among 

immature babies decreased sharply up to ages The greater frequency of’immaturity among 

20-24 years for first births and to 25-29 years first than later births is more definitely evidenc~d 

for later births. The rates at higher ages varied in data on single births (table 6) than in data on 

erratically. For children weighing 2,501 grams total births. For the single group, the percentage 

or more at birth, mortaMy dropped somewhat of immature births dropped from 7.3 for first 

as mother’s age increased to 20-24 or 25-29 years births to 6.0 for second births but the increase 

but rose sharply after 25-29 years for first births at higher birth orders was of Iittle consequence. 

and after 30-34 or 35-39 years for higher birth It will be recalled that for total births the decline 

orders. The latter rise did not have a counter- between first arid secondbirthswas proportionately 

part in increased incidence of prematurity at much smaller andthere was an upturnin the iIICibirth orders above the second. dence of prematurity after the second order. 

Variations in the percentages of immature 

Single Births births with age of mother were, however, quite 

similar for single and total births except thatin 

In this section, &ta on single births by the former thedecline betweenages15- 19yearsand 

period of gestation (tables 6 and 8) and outcome of 25-29 years somewhat exceeded that recorded for 

previous pregnancies B (tables 10 and 12) are con- total births (table 8). 

sidered first in relation to age of mother and then 

in relation to birth order. Neonatal mortality

Data on single births, as distinct from total 

births, eliminate variations in proportions of The mortali~ experience by birth order for 

BY AGE OF MOTHER 39 

immature births arising from differences in “inci-. 

dence of plural births? Such differences are very 

pertinent when age of mother and birth order are 

concerned because of the higher proportions of 

plural births among older mothersl Oand tie larger 

representation of children of plural births at each 

successive birth order} 1 It becomes even more 

important to consider only *“e single births when 

the two variables “period of gestation” and “outcome of previous pregnancies” are introduced. 

80utcome of previous pregnancies refers to the 

dichotomy of births according to whether or not 

any of a mother’s earlier pregnancies snded in a 

fetal death at gestations of 

gl’his faCtor is significant 

weights of 2, 500 grams or less, 

so high, were eight times as 

as among single deliveries. 

10 For detailed data see the 

Statistic. of thi United States, 

Vital Statistics. 

llFirst order births include 

plural set in first pregnancies. 

20” weeks or more. 

Sin Ce births at 

where mortality is 

frequent arnmg Plural 

annual B3POrtS, Vif.1 

National Office of 

one member of each 

Births at oth’er 

orders include one memberof each of the plural sets 

of two consecutive pregnancy orders. Because of 

the sharp reduction in numbers of births at successive orders, the effect of relating the second child 

of a plural set to the number of births at the next 

higher pregnancy order is to increase the proportion representing memberk of plural sets at each 

successive birth order. 

single children and all children differed in some 

ways. These differences appear to arise more 

because of factors relating to the incidence of 

plural deliveries and the incidence of immaturity 

among single as contrasted with plural deliveries 

than to differences in .mortaliiy at specific weights. 

At all birth orders therisk ofmortality was consistently lower for single deliveries than for all 

deliveries (tables4 and 12). In addition, among 

single births there was a sharper reduction in 

mortality between the first and second birth orders. 

A corresponding pattern was noted in the incidence 

of immaturi~. Furthermore, the increase in mortality above tie second order was slightly less 

marked for the single birth group. 

At specific weights, the only differences of 

any magnitude in mortality of single and total 

births by birth order relate to the immature 

babies. Among these children, the rates for single 

deliveries at third and higher orders slightly exceeded the corresponding rates for all deliveries. 

Among births of 2,501 grams or more, where the 

segment of births relating to plural births is 

comparatively small, there was virtually no difference between the rates for single and total 

births. 

A comparison between rates of mortality for 

total and single births by age of mother cannot 
-----------

-----------

-----------

-----------

-----------

-----------

40 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECWL REPORTS 

be made since data of this type were not tabulated 

for single births. 

Birth weight by period of gestation 

The relation of birti weight of child to age of 

mother and birth order varied with length of gestation. In deliveries at or near term, the median 

weight of the newborn increased directly with age 

of mother. At the lower gestations, however, there 

was a tendency for the babies of younger mothers 

to weigh more than or about the same as those of 

mothers slightly older. In some cases a small 

rise in birth weight occurred among children delivered to still older mothers. 

Generally, birth order and related factors also 

appeared to have their principal significance for 

growth of a child only when intra-uterine life 

continued until term. For term babies, birth weight 

increased with birth order, At the early gestations, 

however, babies of third order were, on the average, 

somewhat lighter than others and babies of fifth and 

higher birth orders somewhat heavier. These comments apply in general for both the white and nonwhite cohorts although the data on the nonwhite 

births were found to be somewhat erratic. 

For white births, the differences with age of 

mother in the proportions of all children weighfng 

2,500 grams or less at birth appear to be related 

in large part to frequency of deliveries at the earlier gestation ages rather than to developmental 

differences. The higher percentages of immature 

babies among the younger and older groups of 

TNBLE c. PERCENTAGEOF SINGLE LIVE BIRTHS OCCURRING 

AT GESTATIONS OF 35 WEEKS AJ%OUNDER, BY AGE OF 

MOTHERAND COLOR: UNITED STATES, JANUARY 1 TO MARCH 

31, 1950 

(Based on frequenciesshown in table 7)


AGE OF MOTHER Total White !Tonwhite


TOTAL 3.2 3.1 3.8 

15-19 years 4.3 4.2 4.8 

20-24 years 3.2 3.0 4.0 

25-29 years 2.8 2.-I 3.4 

30-34 years 3.1 3.1 3,1 

35-39 years 3.2 3.2 3.1 

40-44 years-----------T 3.3 3.3 3.6 

mothers were due in large measure to the greater 

proportions of births occurring at gestations of 

35 weeks or less among these groups (table C). 

These proportions also varied for nonwhite births 

although developmental differences, indicated by 

differences in weight at the same gestation, were 

of somewhat greater significance for this cohort 

than for the white. 

Current experience in relation to outcome 

of previous pregnancies 

Immaturity. —The association between the outcome of previous pregnancies and birth of an immature child has been demonstrated in other studies 12 

and is also clearly evident from data in this 

report. For single births in January through 

March 1950, delivery of an immature infant occurred well over 1!4 times as frequently among 

mothers who had previously had one or more 

fetal losses as among other women (table 10). 

At all specific birth orders where comparisons 

are relevant, that is, second through fifth and 

over, differences between the p¢ages of chil-. 

dren weighing 2,500 grams or less were even more 

pronounced —being at least 75 percent higher for 

women with one or more fetal deaths in previous 

pregnancies, 

The significance of the outcome of previous 

pregnancies in relation to, incidence of immaturity 

in current birth appeared to be greater for the 

white than the nonwhite group, For the former, 

the percentages in the case of women with previous 

fetal deaths hovered close to twice that among 

other women while for the nonwhite they were 

generally only about 1?4times, 

Women with fetal deaths in previous pregnancies were particularly prone to have children 

at very low weights. For the white, births of 1,500 

grams or less occurred almost three times as frequently among this group as among other women. 

Thus, although only 3.6 percent of all white births 

represented births to women who had previously 

had a fetal loss, 9.5 percent of the infants 1,500 

grams or less are found among this group. 

Neonatal movtality. —Higher mortality among 

the newborn also appeared to be associated with the 

12yerushalmy, J~~ob; Gardiner, Elizabeth ~. ; and 

Palmer, C!arroll !3. ; ‘ ‘Studies in Childbirth Mortality, ” Public Health Report~. VO1. 56, No. 29. JUIY 

18, 1941, SIP. ‘1463-1481. 
Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 41 

occurrence of one or more fetal deaths in earlier 

pregnancies. The 10SS in this group during the 

neonatal period (35. 8 per 1,000) was about double 

the loss among other children (17.6). At specific 

birth orders the relative differences were of about 

the same magnitude. 

Although a higher incidence of immaturity 

accounts for part of this difference in mortality, 

the weight- specific data in table 12 indicate further that for babies weighing 2,500 grams or less 

at birth, and also for those weighing more, mortality throughout the neonatal period for the group 

whose mothers suffered Ioss in a previous pregnancy generally exceeded the rates for other children. 

The limited data by age at death shown in 

table 12 give no indication of a differential in the 

relationship of mortality to the outcome of previous pregnancies with age at death. The gap between mortality in the group whose mothers had 

previous loss and those who had no previous loss 

fluctuated erratically, but the relative differences 

were just as likely to be large in the last 3 

weeks of the neonatal period as in the first hour 

or the first day. However, considering the small 

frequencies, additional data would be needed to 

substantiate this finding. 

For children weighing 2,500 grams or less 

at birth, mortality in lhe neonatal period increased with birth order both among the group born 

to mothers without fetal loss as well as among the 

other group. For heavier children, however, previous delivery of one livebom child appeared to 

carry with it an advantage for the current child. 

Thus, considering only cases where the present 

and previous pregnancies (if any) ended in live 

births, the mortality was at a minimum at the 

second birth order. But, among the group whose 

mothers had at least one previous pregnancy ending in a fetal death, the lowest rate was found at 

the third order. For this group the third birth order 

is the earliest at which a woman could have had at 

least one previous I.iveborn child. The second 

birth order group is composed of cases where the 

current birth represents the first livebom child. 

With regard to age at death, a comparison of 

mortality for first and second Iiveborn children 

weighing 2,501 grams or more indicates that the 

disadvantage for the first-born is accounted for by 

higher mortali~y in the first week of life. This points 

to obstetrical difficulties as a critical factor. 

Summary 

Statistics relating to the birth weight of infants born in the United States during the first 

3 months of 1950 and to the mortality experience 

of these infants by birth weight indicate that 

1. Immature birth occurred most frequently 

in first pregnancies and births of fifth and higher 

orders (7.7 percent) and was lowest among second 

pregnancies (6.9 percent). However, median birth 

weight, and also the proportion of very heavy children (4,501 grams or more), increased at each successive birth order following the first. 

2. Overall neonatal mortali~, as well as 

mortality among children weighing 2,501 grams 

or more, was also lowest among second births. 

For children of 2,500 grams or less, a lower rate 

was recorded among first than among second births. 

For both groups maximum mortality occurred 

among births of fifth and higher orders. 

3. The incidence of immaturity was comparatively high among very young mothers (15- 19 

years) and dropped to a minimum at 25-29 years, 

but average weight varied directly with age of 

mother. 

4. Neonatal mortality was also lowest in 

pregnancies to mothers aged 25-29 years. Substantially higher mortality was found among children of both younger and older mothers. For infants weighing 2,501 grams or more, the disadvantage for children born to mothers late in their 

reproductive life was particularly marked. 

5. The experience of the white group with 

respect to prematurity closely paralleled that for 

all births. For the nonwhite, however, the lowest 

percentage occurred at the fourth order rather 

than the second and the increase in immaturity 

after ages 25-29 years was less marked. 

6. Among children of 2,501 grams or more, 

the mortality disadvantage for the first-born in 

comparison with others was greater among the 

nonwhite than among the white. The age of mother 

carrying minimum risk to the newborn of these 

weights was slightly younger for the nonwhite 

than for the white. 

7. when age of mother is held constant, 

changes in the incidence of prematurity with 
42 VITAL STATISTICS—SPECIAL REPORTS 

birth order are given a somewhat different aspect. 14. Women for whom one or more previous


Among mothers under 25 years of age, the frequency pregnancies ended in fetal deaths were more prone


of iminature birth was about the same or lower to give birth to a child of immature weight than


for first than for second births and higher birth other women, and neonatal mortality among their


order brought sharp increases in the incidence children, both those weighing 2,500 grams or


of immaturity. However, the situation was grad- less and 2,501 grams or more, exceeded that


ually reversed as the mother’s age increased among corresponding groups of children to mothers


with the high percentages falling at lower birth without previous fetal loss.


orders.
 15. For children weighing 2,501 grams or 

8. At all birth orders other than the first, more at birth, previous delivery of one liveborn 

the frequency of prematurity decreased with moth- child appeared to carry with it an advantage for the 

er’s age through 25-29 years. The increase in current child. The first week of life was particthe percentage of premature babies at the later ularly critical in this difference. 

ages was most marked at the lower birth orders. 

9. Variations in neonatal mortality with birth Explanatory Notes 

order when age of mother is held constant and with 

age of mother when birth order is held constant Distribution of “not stateds” 

were similar to the corresponding variations in the Small proportions of births and deaths in the 

incidence of immaturity. One exception is the study group lacked information on birth order 

substantial rise in mortality at high birth orders and/or age of mother, while somewhat larger pro- regardless of age of mother. portions lacked data on birth weight (3.8 percent 

10. The similarity of changes in mortality with of the births and 14.7 percent of the neonatal 

“age of mother-birth order” among children of deaths). QI preparing data shown in this report, 

2,501 grams or more to changes in frequency of however, the not stateds for all three of these 

immature birth suggests a continuum of problems variables were distributed to reduce the chance 

leading to these outcomes. Among immature chil- of possible distortions. 

dren the pattern differed in that there was no defi- The method for distributing the not stated 

nite disadvantage for the first, as compared with weights to derive the basic adjusted totals by 

the second-born. weight and color for the United States took into 

account the bias toward less complete reporting 11. The greater frequency of immaturity for infants born at the early gestation ages. This 

among first than later births is more definitely evi- method is described in detail in another report.13 denced in data on single births than in data on total Briefly, the not-stated birth weights in each ges­ births. In addition, among single births, the increase tation group were distributed according to the 

at higher birth orders was of little consequence. distribution of the known weights in that group. 

12. With regard to neonatal mortality, the re- The procedure was applied separately to the 

duction between first and second order births neonatal death distributions and to distributions rewas more marked and the increase above the lating to children who survived, classified by 

second order was slightly less marked for the plurality of birth and color.


single than for the total birth group. This is re- The adjusted weight totals obtained in this


lated principally to the difference in the incidence way served as the basis for proportionate ad-


of immaturity. justment of birth weight data according to the


other variables shown in this report. 13. Birth order, age of mother, and related 

factors appeared to have their main significance for 

growth of a child only when intra-uterine life 13N~ti~~~l office Of vital ~tatisticsr ‘p. ci t., 

continued until term. footnote 4. 
Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 43 

Classifications in the following form: “Length of pregnancy-­

weeks. ” In practice, period of gestation is genBirth weight is generally reported in terms of erally interpreted as referring to number of compounds and ounces on the birth certificate. The pleted weeks that have elapsed between the first 

traditional gram groupings, however, have been day of the last menstrual period and the date of 

used to tabulate and present the data in order to birth of the child. At the present time, important 

facilitate comparison with other studies of this inaccuracies that are due, in part, to failure to 

type. The equivalents of these groups in terms of carry out this computation are evident in the 

pounds and ounces? 4are as follows: data reported. These are described in the next 

section. 

1,000 grams or less = 2 lb. 3 oz. or less Birth record information on period of ges- 1,001-1,500 grams = 2 lb. 4 oz.-3 lb. 4 OZ. tation is seriously deficient. The comparatively 1,501-2,000 grams = 3 lb. 5 oz.-4 lb. 6 OZ. large numbers of 36 weeks of gestation result 

2,001-2,500 grams = 4 lb. 7 OZ.-5 lb. 8 OZ. principally from the erroneous conversion of 

2,501-3,000 grams = 5 lb. 9 oz.-6 lb. 9 OZ. 9-month gestations to 36 weeks. Because of the 

3,001-3,500 grams = 6 lb. 10 oz.-7 lb. 11 OZ. distortion in the basic data, statistics for 36 

3,501-4,000 grams = 7 lb. 12 oz.-8 lb. 130z. weeks are shown separately. ”This type of error 4,001-4,500 grams = 8 lb. 14 oz.-9 lb. 14 OZ. was also present at earlier gestations although 4,501 grams or more = 9 lb. 15 oz. or more. the broad intervals into which the data are grouped 

reduce its effect. In addition, heavy concentrations 

For purposes of classification, the terms ‘at 40 weeks are indicative, in part, of a failure 

“immature” and “prematurely born” are used in to calculate the period of gestation for infants 

this report to refer to infants weighing 2,500 grams who seem to be normally developed at birth. 

or less at birth. This definition was recommen- Although the main result @f this is to lessen the 

ded by the American Academy of Pediatrics in numbers in the adjacent gestation intervals, some 

1935, and later adopted in the Sixth Revision understatement of gestations of less than 36 

of the International Lists of Diseases and Causes weeks may also occur as a consequence. 

of Death (1948). The term “premature,” although These errors, while of considerable imporcontaining the concept of duration of pregnancy, tance in considering the overall distribution of 

has been used for many years in connection with births by period of gestation, probably do not 

the birth weight criterion. The Sixth Revision of seriously affect the relationships studied in this 

the International Lists defines “premature” as report between weight at birth and birth order or 

relating to children of gestations of less than age of mother for specific gestation groups. 

37 weeks and indicates that for reporting and 

classification purposes, this criterion may be considered as equivalent to an immature infant as de- Seasonality 

fined above. It is recognized in using these terms, In 1950, seasonal differences were found both 

that there may be basic differences in physical in the incidence of immature birth and in neonatal 

development for some of the subgroupings of mortality. The proportion of immature children 

births discussed, which would effect the general in the first 3 months of 1950 (7.4 percent) was . 

applicability of the criteria for classif@g births slightly smaller than for the year as a whole .$ 

as immature or premature. (7.6 percent). Neonatal mortality was also lower 

The birth records for 1950 in all but a few among children born in January through March 

of the States requested gestation-age information 1950— 19.9 per 1,000 live births for the United 

States and 20.0 for the United States excluding 

Massacusetts-as compared with 20.5 in 1950 for 

141n ~omDuting median weights, however. the end- the United States. 

points of the intervals were assumed to be one-half 

ounce less at the lower limit and one-half ounce Even though these differences are statistically 

more at the upper limit. These limits were then significant, they are small and the relationships 

converted exactly to grams. described in this report may be taken as generally 

789-295 O-65–4 

I 
44 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

applicable for the entire year. On a weight-specific 15 The ~ta”dard error is the measure used to 

basis, in fact, it is likely that seasonality in mor- evaluate this variability. Chancee are less. than 

1 in 20 that a difference as large ae two standard tality is of less importance than for the group as errors would arise by chance. Generally, the 

a whole since the differences in mortality described standard error of a rate per 1,000 births is


above may be partly explained by the lower in­


cidence of immaturity among children born in R(I,000-I?)


January-March 1950. d B


chance variation 

where f? is the rate and ~ is the number of birthe 

Chance variation, in addition to the biases used to compute the rate. The standard error of 

tbe difference between two rates, RI and R2, is 

in reporting already discussed, must be considered 

in evaluating the data shown. This variation is related to the size of the birth population on which the 

figures are based and on the frequency of the 

occurrence measured. The smaller the population, If two rates differ by less than twice this standard 

or the smaller the frequency of the event in a given	 error, it is usually concluded that they are not 

significantly different (statistically). When a population group, the greater the relative variabil- rate is low and the number of deaths is very small, 

ity.15 Mortality rates were not computed in the tbe standard error of the rate is ~, where R is the 

accompanying tables for certain small frequency m 

groups, that is, where the birth population was less error of the difference between two such rates, RI 

than 100 ‘and there were fewer than 20 deaths. and B2, is 

The discussion in this report has generally been 

limited to individual . differences which are of 

significance, except where a certain consistency 

in pattern would indicate the significance of smaller 

rate and D is the number of deaths. The standard 

differences. 

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Vol. 47, No,. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 45 

mm 1. LJYEBIRTHS BY BIRTH WEIGST, TOTAL-BIRTH OFDER, Am OF MOTIJ2R,AND COLOR: UNIT8D STATES, JANWHY 1 TO MARCH 31, 

1950 

(Total-birthorder	refersto number of chiltin ever bornto mother, in~tifig fetal deaths. Fi.&wes for birth weight, birth


order, and sgeof mother not stated are distributed. Excludes data for Massachusetts )


TOIYL-BIRTtiORIER, AGE OF


MOTHER, AND COLOR


AJJL BIRTS ORDERS 

Total------------—-------


Under 15 years


X5-19 years---------------------


20-.24years---------------------


25-29 Years---------------------


30-34 years---------------------


35-39 years


40-44 years


45 years and over


White-----------------------


Under .15years


1.5-19years


20-24 yeS.TS


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


404.4 years


45 yeers and Over


Nonwhite


Under 15 years-------:----------


X5-19 years


20-24 years------------------—-


25-29 years-----—


30-34 years


35-39 years---------------------


40-44 years


45 years snd Over


FIRST BIRTH ORDER


Totall


Under 1.5 years


15-19 years---------------------


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years---------------------


40-44 years


45 years and over


White


Under 15 years------------------


15-19 years---------------------


20-24 years


25-29 ~=S---------------------


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


45 years and over


Nonwhite--------------;-----


Under 15 years


[15-19years---------------------


20-24 years


25-29 years---------------------


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


45 years sad over


BIRT2 W21G2T (in grams)


\ Total 1,000 1,oo1- 1,501- 2,001- 2,501- 3,001- 3,501- 4,001- 4,501 

or or less 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 more -

837,7S6 3,928 5,081 ll,3S8 41,240 L51,808 315,629 226,739 64,506 17,465 

1,324 ’10 30 34 126 338 463 230 53 20 

101,995 523 803 1,773 6,061 21,144 39,974 24,538 5,843 1,316 26S,203 1,238 1,565 3,459 13,113 51,116 M14,138 69,675 17,821 4,058 

239,241 1,007 1,261 2,S92 10,8S0 42,010 90,S52 66,8S9 18,707 4,763 

139,782 699 849 1,s52 6,604 23,236 50,455 39,543 12,689 3,755 

69,824 379 433 1,076 3,483 11,070 23,527 20,125 7,160 2,571 

18,214 70 L14 289 921 2>722 5,812 5,309 2,085 892 

1,203 2 6 13 52 3.72 388 330 L50 90 

717,133 3,189 4,079 9,206 33,460 L26,906 273,285 198,389 55,733 12,866 

439 6 3J. 14 39 98 1.34 90 20 7 76,447 374 546 1,178 4,025 14,928 30,700 19,435 4,51.1 750 226,954 977 1,256 2,763 10,595 42,485 89,949 60,706 I.5,31O 2,893 

211,5e9 848 1,065 2,477 9,311 36;716 Sl,loo 59,900 16,563 3,609 

124,023 598 734 1,595 5,696 20,532 45,186 35,595 u, 211 2>876 

60,852 320 369 908 2,969 9,623 20,766 17,749 6,201 1,947 

15,868 64 94 240 187 2,378 5,SL8 4,658 1,817 712 961 2 4 I.1 38 146 312 256 120 72 

120,653 739 1,002 2,182 7,780 24,902 42,344 28,350 8,755 4,599 

865 4 19 20 87 240 329 140 33 13 

25,548 149 2s7 595 2,036 6,a6 9,274 5,103 1,332 566 39,249 261 329 676 2,51S 8,631 14,1s9 8,969 2,511 1,165 

27,652 1.59 196 4.7.5 1,549 5,294 9,752 6,9S9 2,144 1,154 

15,759 101 115 257 908 2,704 5,269 4,046 1,478 879 8,972 59 64 168 514 L,447 2,761 2,376 959 624 2,346 6 20 49 134 344 694 651 268 180 242 2 2 14 26 76 74 30 18 

261,269 l,lZL 1,519 3,472 14,093 55,273 106,936 S3,172 13,498 2,1s5 

1,223 10 23 2b 1.15 318 446 214 51 17 71;900 314 496 1,3.37 4,178 15,189 2s,901 17,099 3,877 709 

107,607 392 530 1,201 5,294 22,31S 44,695 26,818 5,506 853 52,76S 225 268 612 2,659 11,220 22,038 ls,745 2,621 380 

19,103 12s 127 309 1,167 4,237 7,529 4,46S l,OQO 142 

7,148 40 67 145 537 1,659 2,747 1,507 373 73 

1,455 X5 8 38 140 316 553 3X5 64 10 

65 1 1 3 16 27 10 6 1 

231,558 936 1,250 2,872 lJ_,637 47,419 95,829 57,628 ‘12,243 1,743 

419 6 8 12 38 95 148 6 57,168 240 360 809 2,916 11,343 zf3,449 14,3: 3,a: 467 98,624 335 449 1,044 4,592 19,920 41>3$i2 25,C83 5,163 736 49,405 195 241 551 2,407 10,308 20,7.40 12,128 2,499 336 17,644 llo lsl 285 1,067 3,911 7,049 4,233 943 125 

6,664 36 65 135 489 1,530 2,586 1,423 33s 62 1,376 13 6 35 126 297 530 300 59 10 

58 1 1 2 15 25 9 4 1 

29,71J. 1s5 269 600 2,456 7,s54 =,107 5,543 1,255 442 

804 4 15 17 77 223 298 127 32 u 14,732 74 136 328 1,262 3,646 5,452 2,733 659 242 

8,9S3 57 81 157 702 2,398 3,393 1,735 343 lJ_7 

3,363 30 27 61 252 912 1,298 617 122 44 

1,259 16 6 24 100 326 480 233 57 17 484 4 2 10 48 129 161 64 35 u 79 2 3 14 19 23 i3 5 7 1 1 2 1 2 
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46 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

T&ME 1. LIVE BIRTHS BY BIRTR WEIGHI!, TOTAL-BIRTHORDER, AGE OF MOTSER, AND COLOR: UNI!E3DSTA!iTiS,
JANUARY 1 TO MARCH 31.

TOTAL-BIRTHO.RDER,AGE OF
 Total
 MOTHER, MT COLOR


—


SECOND BIRTH ORDER


Total 251,0S3


Under 15 years 92


15-19 years 24,079


20-24 years 94,604


25-29 years 81,579
 30-34 years 36,471


35-39 years 12,168


40-44 years 2,012


45 years and Over 7e


White 224,609


Under 15 years 17


15-19 years 16,344
 20-24 years 83,136
 25-29 years 76,896


30-34 years 34,694
 35-39 years 11,545
 40-44 years 1,904
 45 years amd over 73


Nonwhite 26,474


Under 15 years 75


15-19 years 7,735


20-24 years 1.l,4ss
 25-29 years 4,683
 30-34 years 1,777
 35-39 years 623
 40-44 years 10s
 45 years end over 5


THIRD BIRTH ORDER


Total--------------------- L43,480


Under 15 years 7


15-19 years 4,936
 20-24 years 41,137


25-29 years 50,785
 30-34 years 31,547


35-39 years 12,711


40-44 years 2,274


45 years and over 83


mite .23,903


Under 15 years 2


15-19 years 2,558
 20-24 years 31,757
 25-29 years 45,761


30-34 years 2S,620


35-39 ~ars 11,974
 40-44 years 2,157


45 years and Over 74


Nonwhite 19,577


Under 15 years 5


15-19 years 2,378


20-24 years 9,380
 25-2S years 5,024
 30-34 years 1,927
 35-39 years 737


40-44 years 117


45 years and over 9


1950—Continued


(Seeheadnote on p. 45) -


BIRTH WEIGHT (in grams)


-

1,000 1,001- 1,501. 2,001- 2,501- 3,001- 3,501- 4,001- 4,501 

or or 

less 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 more 

1,053 1,391 3,2~ 11,564 45,292 97,26C 69,252 18,250 3,809 —— —. 

5 : 11 Is 33 14 2 3 

147 235 46: 1,456 4,79e 9,006 6,018 1,514 442 

401 540 1,2M 4,376 17,184 36,633 25,871 6,933 1,4S6 

263 350 S8: 3,332 14,08E 32,017 23,361 6,092 1,194 

167 188 42? 1,614 6,51$ 14,289 10,07s 2,696 496 

65 60 201 661 2,28? 4,492 3,349 S77 180 

10 12 35 108 384 756 546 133 28 

1 1 6 Is 34 14 3 

S93 1,154 2,70: 9,798 39,331 S7,402 63,374 16,786 3,162 

3 2 1 2 5 2 1 1 103 144 2s; 878 3,061 6,196 4,3s5 1,074 236 

332 434 994 3,655 14,571 32,37a 23,305 6,277 1,190 

234 331 ml 3,035 13,053 30,206 22,284 5,861 1,081 

151 171 3s$ 1,506 6,121 13,615 9,678 2,603 460 

64 59 191 621 2,144 4,255 3,203 839 1s9 9 11 34 97 362 77.4 523 129 ’25 

1 1 5 1.7 33 14 2 

160 237 505 1,766 5,961 9,858 5,878 1,464 647 

2 % 10 17 28 12 1 2 

44 91 17E 578 1,735 2,810 1,653 440 206 

69 106 20C 721 2,613 4,255 2,566 656 276 29 19 71 297 1,035 1,811 1,077 231 113 

16 17 34 108 39a 674 401 93 36 

1 1 lC 40 139 237 146 38 11 

1 1 1 11 22 42 23 4 3 

1 2 1 1 

751 896 1,91s 6,753 24,304 52,27S 40,979 12,432 3,167 

1 4 2 

40 56 136 360 948 1,748 1,166 362 120 257, 304 611 2,106 7,607 14,935 I.1,023 3,370 824 236 25S 602 2,229 8,282 18,713 14,973 4>396 1,096 

133 181 349 1,377 5,024 1..1,47o e,403 2,916 694 

77 81 195 566 2,045 4,551 3,756 1,158 282 

8 15 26 111 382 826 631 225 50 

4 16 32 25 5 1 

633 747 1,602 5,591 20,330 45,224 36,282 11,006 

1 1 

23 32 68 196 443 939 620 19s 39 196 232 47s 1,570 5,676 11,575 8,767 2;665 598 210 227 533 1,952 7,290 16,857 13,747 4,034 911 

126 166 31+3 1,255 4,654 10,744 8,e49 2,773 635 70 76 182 519 1,893 4,2S5 3>576 1,1.I.6 257 

8 14 23 96 361 7s3 600 21.5 47 

3 13 30 22 5 1 

118 149 317 1,162 3,974 7,055 4,697 1,426 679 

1 3 1 

i7 24 68 164 505 809 546 164 81 

61 72 133 536 1,931 3,360 2,256 705 326 26 31 69 277 S92 1,856 1,226 362 185 

7 15 31 122 370 726 454 143 59 7 5 1.3 47 152 266 180 42 25 

1 3 15 21 33 31 10 3 

1 3 2 3 

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Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 47 

T4m.11 1. IZW BIRTHS BY BIRTR WEIGHT, TG’J!AL-BIRT6ORDW, AfZZOF MGTHER, m co~R: ~ Sws> JANUARY 1!COMAR2H 31, 

1950-Contirmed 

(Seeheadnote on p. 45)


—


FOURPH BIkTR ORDER


Total----------------------

Under IS wars—


15-19 years---------------------


20-24 years-----------—


25-29 YR3S3?S


30-34 years


35-39 years---------------------


40-44 years


45 years end over


White----------------­
 —----


Under 15 years


15-19 pars


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-54 years--------------—


35-39 years


40-44 Yaare---------—


45 years and over----------—---


Nonwhite--------------—----


Under 15 years


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-22 years---------------------


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


45 years and over----—


FIFl?HBIRTH OKOER ~ OVER


Total 

Under 15 years------------------


M-19 years


20-24 years---------------------


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years--------------—----


45 yeara and Over


White


BIRTH WEIGHT (in SL%UW)


Total 1,000 

or l,col- 1,501- 2,001- 2,501- 3,001- 3,501- 4,001- 4,501 

or 

less 1,500 2,000 2,5C0 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,5CS) more 

72,627 373 492 1,064 3,554 1.1,596 25,255 20,911 7,224 2J78 

2 1 1 

862 14 15 30 61 173 261 209 61 38 

14,877 llo 125 263 850 2,643 5,242 3,876 1,298 470 

23,599 107 18C 349 1,195 4,129 8,834 7,543 2,506 756 

19,230 80 10E 263 863 2,863 6,747 5,700 2>049 557 

9,915 54 5? 130 449 1,460 3,407 2,978 x,loo 284 

2,032 8 c 29 112 316 718 575 195 70 

llo 1 4 n 46 30 15 3 

59,646 288 38; 870 2,844 9,269 20,728 17,527 6,117 1,616 

1 1 306 3 c H 26 67 94 75 12 7 

9,601 73 & 1s5 541 1,648 3,422 2,528 873 242 

21,239 88 =$ 224 986 3,382 7,283 6,367 2J.30 570 

17,343 70 9i 232 773 2,534 6,077 5,214 1,873 473 9,157 46 e EL 412 1,333 3,142 2,775 1,050 255 

1,902 8 c 25 103 294 671 541 184 67 

97 1 3 10 39 27 X5 2 

12,981 85 UX 194 690 2,327 4,527 3,384 1,107 562 

1 1 

556 SL c 17 35 1= 167 134 49 31 

5,276 37 3f 78 309 995 1,820 1,348 425 228 

4,360 19 &l 55 202 747 1,551 1,176 376 186 

1,887 10 u 31 90 329 670 486 176 84 

758 8 lC 9 37 127 265 203 70 29 

130 4 9 22 47 34 U 3 

13 1 1 7 3 1 

1.09,327 630 78? l,7z2. 5.296 3.5,345 33,899 32,425 3-3,104 6,126


218 8 1 5 26 38 58 46 29 7 

7,978 86 164 -487 1,364 2,633 2,087 714 345 

28,510 1: 205 447 1,445 4,291 9,250 S,287 3,092 1,337 

53,451 193 245 508 1,563 4,593 10,420 9,995 4,02s 1,866 

27,882 143 172 405 1>270 3,625 8,330 8,535 3,652 1,752 

10,441 31 70 161 450 l,3E4 2,959 3,244 1,468 734 

867 1 4 U. 35 IJ.o 249 251 121. 85 

77,417 439 541 1,153 3,590 10,557 24,102 23,577 9,601 3,857 

Under 15 years------------------- ,­


15-19 years—


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years—


40-44 years


45 years and over


Nonwhite


Under 15 years


15-19 years


20-24 yasrs


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years--------------------


45 years and over


i’1 5 1 1 9 14 22 9 9 1 

3,836 41 52 82 .237 670 1,272 1,023 332 3-27 

18,288 Ml 127 288 931 2,683 6,014 5,374 2,039 71.1 24,522 141 179 371 1,095 3,312 7,701 7,5zl 3,019 1,183 

21,512 104 126 279 928 2,723 ‘6,498 6,772 2,878 1,204 

8,529 26 54 123 365 1,064 2,410 2,694 1,230 563 659 1 2 9 25 91 m5 1s4 84 68 

31,910 191 242 568 1,706 4,786 9,797 8,84S 3,503 2,269 

147 3 4 1? 24 36 37 20 6 4,142 37 34 102 250 694 1,361 1,064 382 218 10,222 55 78 159 514 1,608 3,236 2,893 1,053 626 

8,909 52 66 137 488 1,281 2,719 2,474 1,009 683 6,370 39 46 126 342 900 1,832 1,763 774 548 

1,912 5 16 38 85 260 549 550 238 171 208 2 2 10 19 64 67 27 17 

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48 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

mBLE2. PER-GE DISTRIBUTION OF LIVE BIRTR.SBY BIRTH UEIGHT, BY TOTAL-BIRTH.ORDER, Am OF MCTHER, AND COLCR: UNI!CID 

STA!T!6S,JAXUARY 1 TO MARCH 31, 1950


(Total-birthorder refers to number of childran ever born to mother, incluctbag fetal deaths. Figuras for birth weight,


birth order, and ageofmother not stated are distributed. Figures for age of mother uud,er15 years and 45 yaars snd over


ars not shown separately,but ara includedin totals for groups, Excludes data for Massachusetts. TWO dots (..) kdicate


percent or median not computed where base is less than 100)


.--— .—-.— , maim MUUH WJUGH!U\.ln@ams J


TUCAIrBIRT2ORDER, AG2 we igbt Total OF MOTHER, AND COLOR (in l, COO L,OOl- L,501- ?,ool- ?,500 2,501- i,col-5,501- i,ool- L,501 

-s)’ or L,5C0 ?,000 ?,500 or. 3,000 i,500 %,000 i,500 or 

less less 

ALL BIRTR O~ERS


Total


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


White


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 year6--------------


40-44 years


Nonwhite


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 yaars


35-39 years


40-44 ysars


FIR5T BIRTH ORDER


Total


15-19 years


20-24 years


25729 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


White


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 yeara


Nonwhite


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 yaarS


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


SECOND BIRTR OFJ)ER


Total


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 yeais--------------


mra


—.


3,32C 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.4 4.9 7.4 18.1 37.7 27.1 7.7 2.1
 -


3,25C 100.0 0.5 0.8 1.7 6.0 9.C 20.7 39,Z 24.1 5.7 1.3 

3,30C 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.3 4.9 7.: 19.Z 39.1 26.2 6.7 1:5 

3,34C 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.2 4.5 6.i 17.6 38.C 28.0 7.8 2.0 

3,36C 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.3 4.7 7.2 16.6 36.1 28.4 9.1 2.? 

3,39C 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.5 5.0 7.7 13.9 33.7 28.8 10.3 3.7 

3,430 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.6 5.1 7.7 14.9 31.9 29.1 11.4 4.9 

3,330 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.3 4.7 7.C L7.7 38.1 27.7 7.8 1.8 

3,280 100.0 0.5 0.7 1.5 5.3 8.C 19.5 40.2 25.4 5.9 1.0 

3,310 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.2 4.7 6.9 18.7 39,6 26.7 6,.7 1.3 

3,340 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.2 4.4 6.5 17.4 38.3 28.3 7.8 1.7 

3,36C 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.3 4.6 7,.C 16.6 36.4 2s.7 9.0 2.3 

3,390 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.5 4.9 7.5 13.8 34.1 29.2 10,2 3.2 

3,430 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.5 5.0 7.5 15.0 32.3 29.4 1-1.5 4.5 

3,280 100.0 0.6 0.8 1.8 6.4 9.-i 20.6 35.1 23.5 7.3 3.8 

3,180 100.0 0.6 1.0 2.3 8.0 12.C 24.3 36.3 20.0 5.2 2.2 

3,250 100.0 0.7 0.8 1.7 6.4 9.6 22.0 36.2 22.9 6.4 3.0 

3,320 100.0 0.6 0.7 1.5 5.6 8.4 19.1 35.3 25.3 7.8 4.2 

3,360 100.0 0.6 0.7 1.6 5.8 8.6 17.2 33.4 25.7 9.4 5.6 

3,400 100.0 0.7 0.7 1.9 5.7 9.C 16.1 30.8 26.5 10.7 7.0 3,450 100.0 0.3 0.9 2.1 5.7 8.9 14.7 29.6 27.7 IJ..4 7.7 

I 

3,250 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.3 5.4 7.7 21.2 40.9 24.2 5.2 0.8 

3,250 100.0 0.4 0.7 1.6 5.8 8.5 21.1 40.2 =.8 5.4 1.0 3,270 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.1 4.9 6.9 20.7 41.5 24.9 s .1 0.8 3,230 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.2 5.0 7.1 21.3 41.8 24.2 5.0 0.7 3,230 100.0 0.7 0.7 1.6 6.1 9.1 22.2 39.4 23.4 5,2 0.7 3,200 100.0 0.6 0.9 2.0 7.5 I.1.o 23.2 38.4 21.1 5.2 1.0 3,190 100.0 0.9 0.5 2.6 9.6 13.7 21.7 38.0 21.5 4.4 0.7 

3,270 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.2 5.0 7.2 20.5 41.4 24.9 5.3 0.8 

3,270 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.4 5.1 7.6 19.8 41.0 25.1 5.6 0.8 3,270 100.0 0.3 0.5 1.1 4.7 6.5 20.2 41.9 25.4 5.2 0.7 

3,260 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.1 4.9 6.9 20.9 42.0 24.5 5.1 0.7 

3,240 100.0 0.6 0.7 1.6 6.0 8.9 21.9 39.5 23.7 5.3 .0.7 

3,200 100,0 0.5 1.0 2.0 7.3 10.9 23.0 38.8 21.4 5.1 0.9 

3,190 100.0 0.9 0.4 2.5 9.2 1.3.1 21.6 38.5 21.8 4.3 0,7 

3,150 100.0 0.6 0.9 2.0 8.3 IJ..8 26.4 37.4 18.7 4.2 1.5 

3,150 100.0 0.5 0.9 2.2 8.6 12.2 26.1 37.0 18.6 4.5 1.6 

3,160 100.0 0.6 0.9 1.? 7.8 u. .1 26.7 37.8 19.3 3.8 1.3 

3,150 100.0 0.9 0.8 1.8 7.5 11.0 27.1 38.6 18.3 3.6 1.3 

3,160 100.0 1.3 0.5 1.9 7.9 11.6 25.9 38.1 18.5 4.5 1.4 

3,150 100.0 0.8 0.4 2.1 9.9 13.2 26.7 33.3 17.4 7.2 2.3 

.. . . 0 .. . . . . .. . . . . .. .. 0 

3,320 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.3 4.6 6.9 18.0 38.7 27.6 7.3 1.5 

3,27c 100.0 0.6 1.0 1.9 6.0 9.f 19.9 37.4 25.0 6.3 1.8 

3,32C 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.3 4.6 6.$ 18.2 38.7 27.3 7.3 1.5 

3,34C 100.0 0.3 0.4 1.1 4.1 5 J 17.3 39.2 28.6 7.5 1.5 

3,32C 100.0 0.5 0.5 1.2 4.4 6.6 17.9 39.2 27.6 7.4 1.4 

3, 31C 100.0 0.5 0.5 1.7 5.4 8.1 18.8 36.9 27.5 7.2 1.5 

3,30C 100 #o 0.5 0.6 L.7 5.4 8.: 19.1 37.6 27.1 6.6 1.4 

lCOmpute~to nearest 10 grams on basis of exact conversionof interval limits from pounds to ounces; see text.

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Vol. 47, No. Z WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 49 

TABLE 2. PERCENTA@ DISTRIBUTION OF LIVE BIRTHS BY BIR1’RWEIGR?C,BY TC24L-BIRTH ORDER, AGE OF MOTR8R, AND COLOR: UNJICED


STAX8S, JANUARY 1 TO M9RCH 31, 1950—Continued


(See headnote on p. 48)


!ledian BIRTR WEIGHT (in grams)


TOTAL-BIRTRORDER, AGE weight
 ?Otal
 OF MOTHER, JJiDCOLOR (In 1,000 

grsms)1 or l,col- L,501- 2,001- !,500 !,501- i,001- i,501- !,ool- ,,501 

or or


less 1,500 2,000 2,500 less i,000 !,500 ,,000 ,,500 lore 

SECOND BIRTR ORDER-Con.


White---------------- 3,330 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.2 4.4 6.5 17.5 38.9 26.2 7.5 1.4 

1.5-19years 

20-24 years 

3,300 

3,330 

100.0 

100.0 0.6 

0.4 

0.9 

0.5 

1.8 

1.2 

5.4 

4.4 

S.6 

6.5 

18.7 

17.5 

37.9 

38.9 

26.7 

28.0 

6.6 

7.6 

1.4 

1.4 

23-29 years 3,350 100.0 0.3 0.4 1.1 3.9 5.7 17.0 39.3 29.0 7.6 1.4 

30-34 years 3,330 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.1 4.3 6.4 17.6 39.2 27.9 7.5 1.3 

35-39 years 3,310 100.0 0.6 0.5 1.7 5.4 8.1 18.6 36.9 27.7 7.3 1.5 

40-44 years-------------- 3,300 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.8 5.1 7.9 19.0 37.5 27.5 6.8 1.3 

Nonwhite 3,230 103.0 0.6 0.9 1.9 6.7 10.1 22.5 37.2 22.2 5.5 2.4 

15-19 years 3,220 100.0 0.6 1.2 2.3 7.5 U. .5 22.4 36.3 21.4 5.7 2.7 

20-24 years 3,230 100.0 0.6 0.9 I-.8 6.3 9.6 22.8 37.1 22.4 5.7 2.4 

25-29 years-------------- 3,240 100.0 .0.6 0.4 1.5 6.3 8.9 22.1 38.7 23.0 4.9 ,2.4 

30-34 years 3,230 100.0 0.9 1.0 1.9 6.1 9.8 22.4 37.9 22.6 5.2 2.0 

35-39 years 3,250 100.0 0.2 0.2 1.6 6.4 8.3 22.3 38.0 23.4 6.1 1.8 

40-44 years-------------- 3,210 100.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 10.2 13.o 20.4 38.9 21.3 3.7 2.8 

THIRD BIRTH ORDER


!cOtal 3,350 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.3 4.7 7.2 16.9 36.4 26.6 8.7 2.2 

15-19 years 3,260 100.0 0.8 1.1 2.8 7.3 12.0 19.2 35.4 23.6 7.3 2.4 

20-24 years 3,320 100.0 0.6 0.7 1.5 5.1 8.0 18.5 36.3 26.8 8.2 2.2 

25-29 years 3,370 100.0 0.5 0.5 1.2 4.4 6.5 16.3 36.8 29.5 8.7 2.2 

30-34 years— 3,360 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.1 4.4 6.5 L5.9 36.4 29.8 9.2 2.2 

35-39 years 3,370 100.0 0.6 0.6 1.5 4.5 7.2 16.1 35.6 29.5 9.1 2.2 

40-44 years 3,360 100.0 0.4 0.7 1.1 4.9 7.0 16.8 36.3 27.7 9.9 2.2 

White---------------- 3,360 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.3 4.5 6.9 16.4 36.5 29.3 8.9 2.0 

15-19 years 3,270 100.0 0.9 1.3 2.7 7.7 12.5 17.3 36.7 24.2 7.7 1.5 

20-24 years 3,330 100.0 0.6 0.7 1.5 4.9 7.8 17.9 36.4 27.6 8.4 1.9 

25-29 years 3,370 100.0 0.5 0.5 1.2 4.3 6.4 X5.9 36.8 30.0 8.8 2.0 

30-34 years 3,380 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.1 4.2 6.3 15.7 36.3 30.2 9.4 2.1 

35-39 years 3,380 100.0 0.6 0.6 1.5 4.3 7.1 15.8 35.8 29.9 9.3 2.1 

40-44 years 3,360 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.1 4.5 6.5 16.7 36.8 27.8 10.0 2.2 

Nonwhite 3,290 100.0 0.6 0.8 1.6 5.9 8.9 20.3 36.0 24.0 7.3 3.5 

15-19 years 3,250 100.0 0.7 1.0 2.9 6.9 u. .5 21.2 34.0 23.0 6.9 3.4 

20-24 years-------------- 3,290 100.0 0.7 0.8 1.4 5.7 8.6 20.6 35.8 24.1 7.5 3.5 

25-29 years 3,300 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.4 5.5 8.0 19.7 36.9 24.4 7.2 3.7 

30-34 years 3,290 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.6 6.3 9.1 19.2 37.7 23.6 7.4 3.1 

35-39 years 3,270 100.0 0.9 0.7 1.8 6.4 9.8 20.6 36.1 24.4 5.7 3.4 

40-44 years 3,280 10CI.0 0 0.9 2.6 12.8 16.2 17.9 28.2 26.5 8.5 2.6 

FOURTR BIRTR ORDER


TOtal 3 .3s0 100.0 0.5 0.7 1.5 4.9 7.5 16.0 34.8 28.8 9.9 3.0 

15-19 years 3,260 100.0 1.6 l.? 3.5 7.1 13.9 20.1 30.3 24.2 7.1 4.4 

20-24 years 3,330 100.0 0.7 0.8 1.8 5.7 9.1 17.8 35.2 26.1 8.7 3.2 

25-29 years 3,390 100.0 0.4 0.7 1.4 4.7 7.2 16.1 34.5 29.5 9.8 3.0 

30-34 years 3,400 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.4 4.5 6.6 14.9 35.1 29.6 10.7 2.9 

35-39 years 3,410 100.0 0.5 0.5 1.3 4.5 6.9 14.7 34.4 30.0 I.1.l 2.9 

40-44 years 3,380 100.0 0.4 0.4 1.4 5.5 7.8 15.6 35.3 28.3 9.6 3.4 

White---------------- 3,390 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.5 4.8 7.4 15.5 34.8 29.4 10.3 2.7 

15-19 yeszs 3,180 100.0 1.0 2.9 4.2 8.5 16.7 21.9 30.7 24.5 3.9 2.3 

20-24 years 3,330 100.0 0.8 0.9 1.9 5.6 9.2 17.2 35.6 26.3 9.1 2.5 

25-29 yesrs 3>390 100.0 0.4 0.7 1.4 4.6 7.1 15.9 34.3 30.0 10.0 2.7 

30-34 years 3,410 100.0 0.4 0.6 1.3 4.5 6.8 14.6 35.0 30.1 10.8 2.7 

35-39 years 3,420 100.0 0.5 0.5 1.3 4.5 6.8 14.6 34.3 30.3 11.2 2.6 

40-44 years 3,380 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.3 5.4 7.6 15.5 35.3 28.4 9.7 3.5 

‘Computed to nearest 10 grsms on basis of exact conversionof interval limits from pounds to ounces; see *.

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50 VITAL STATISTICS—SPECIAL REPORTS 

TAKE 2. PERCENTAGEDISTRIBUTION OF LIVE BIRTR8 BY BIRTH WEIGBT, BY TOTAL-BIRTHORDER, AGE OF MOTHER, AND COLOR: ONITED


STATES, JANL!RY 1 TO MARCH 31, 1950—Cent inued


(See hesdnote on p. 48)


Median BIRTE WEIGHT (in gram)


TOTAL-BIRTHORDER, Am weight ‘btal OF MOTEER, AND COLOR (in

grams)1 

L, 000 ,oo1- .,501- !,ool- ,500 ,501- , col- ;,501- :,oo1- ,501 

or ,500 i,000 !,500 or ,000 ,500 k,ooo :,500 m 

FOURTH BIRTB OBDER-Con.


Nonwhite


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years--------------


FIFTH BIRTR ORDER


AND 0W3R


Total


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years--------------


40-44 years


White


15-19 years--------------


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


Nonwhite


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


Less less Jre 

3,340 100.0 0.7 0.8 1.5 5.3 S.3 17.9 34.9 26.1 s .5 4.3 

3,310 100.0 2.0 1.1 3.1 6.3 12.4 19.1 30.0 24.1 8.S 5.6 

3,320 100,0 0.7 0.7 1.5 5.9 8.7 1s.9 34.5 25.5 8.L 4.3 

3,360 

3,350 

100.0 

100,0 

0.4 

0.5 

0.9 

0.6 

1.3 

1.6 

4.s 

4.0 

7.4 

7.5 17.1 

17.4 

35.6 

35.5 

27.0 

25.8 

8.6 4.3 

9.3 4.5 f 

3,350 100.0 1.1 1.3 1.2 4.9 8.4 16.8 35.0 26.8 9.2 3.8 

3,310 100,0 0 0 3.1 6.9 10.0 16.9 36.2 26.2 8.5 2.3 

3,460 100.0 0.6 0.7 1.6 4.s 7.7 14.0 31.C 2s.7 12.0 5.6 

3,260 100.0 3.7 0.5 2.3 “11.9 18.3 17.4 26.( 21,1 13.: . 3.2 

3,340 100.0 1.0 1.1 2.3 6.1 10.5 17.1 33.( 26.2 s.~ 4.3 

3,420 100.0 0.6 0.7 1.6 5.1 8.0 1.5.1 32.< 29.( I-O.E 4.7 

3,46C 100.0 0.6 0.7 1.5 4.7 7.6 13.7 31.: 29.$ 12.C 5.6 

3,50C 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.5 4.6 7.1 13.0 29.: 30,[ 13.1 6.3 

3,540 100.0 0.3 0.7 1.5 4.3 6.8 12.7 28.: 31.1 14.1 7.0 

3,470 100.0 0.6 0.7 1.5 4.6 7.4 13.6 31.1 30.: 12.4 5.0 

.. .. .. ., .4 .. .. 3,3;; 100.0 l:i 1:1 2.1 6.2 lo:i 17:; 33.: 26.; 8.i 3.3 3,410 

3,470 

100.0 

100.0 

0.7 

0.6 

0.7 

0.7 

1.6 

1.5 

5.1 

4.5 

8.C 

7.3 

14.7 

1.3.5 

32.$ 

31.< 29.4 

30,i 

u..] 3.9 

12.: 4.8 3,51C 100.0 0.5 0.6 1.3 4.3 6.7 12.7 30.i 31,: 13.4 5.6 3,540 100.0 0.3 0.6 1.4 4.3 6.7 12.5 28.? 31,t 14.4 6.6 

3,430 100.0 0.6 0.8 1.0 5.3 8.5 1.5.o 30.; 27.i I.1..c 7.1 

3,350 100.0 2.0 0 2.7 11.6 16.3 16.3 w.: 25.2 1.3.e 3,350 100.0 0.9 0.8 2.5 6.0 10.2 16.8 32.$ 25.i 9.Z 3,420 100.0 0.5 0.8 1.6 5.0 7.9 15.7 31.; 2s.2 10.5 3,450 100.0 0.6 0.7 1.5 5.5 8.3 14.4 30..$ 27.E ~ .3 

3,470 100.0 0.6 0.7 2.0 5.4 8.7 14.1 S8.t 27.; 12.2 3,500 100.0 0.3 0.8 2.0 4.4 7.5 13.6 26.; 28,E 12.4 

4.1


5.3


6.1


7.7


8.6


8.9


‘Computedto nearest 10 grams on basis of exact conversion of interval limits from pounds to ounces; see text.

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Vol. 4’7, No. Z WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 51. 

!c&8m3. DEATRS UNDER 28 DAYS BY BIRTR WEIGRT, TGTAL-BIRI!RORUER, AGE OF MOTHER, AND COLOR: UNITED S!WE3S, JANUARY 1 9?0 

MARCH 31, 1950 

(Includesdeaths smong children born Jan. 1 to Mar. 31, 1950. !l!otsl-birth
 order refers to number of children ever born to


mother, including fetsJ deaths. Figures for birth weight, birth order, snd age ofmother not stated are distributed. Ex­


cludes data for Massachusetts)


BIRTE UEIGRT (in &wams)


TOTAL-BIRTR ORDER, AGE OF !ktal
 MOTHER, AND COLOR 1,000 1,001- 1,501- 2,001- 2,501- 3,001- 3,501- 4,001- 4,501 

or or 

less 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 more 

ALL BIRTS 0BDER8 

Total--------------------- 16,741 3,424 2,801. 2,403 2,078 1,912 2,112 1,280 483 248 

Under 15 years------------------ 57 9 19 7 8 6 2 3 1 2 

1.5-19years--------------------- 2,429 443 * 469 406 359 271 276 1.37 49 19 

20-24 years--------------------- 5,066 1,089 891 763 607 587 592 372 122 43 

25-29 yews 4,215 891 713 577 459 498 584 321 us 60 

30-34 years 2,796 619 433 362 335 31’2 342 227 108 58 

35-39 years--------------------- 1,645 317 212 218 233 3.76 223 J53 72 a.. 

40-44 years----= 496 54 63 67 74 55 85 61 L8 19 

43 years and over 37 2 1 3 3 -i 8 6 1 6 

White 13,521 2,817 2,293 1,976 1,693 1,528 1,703 982 374 I-55 

Under 2.5years------------------ 23 5 8 3 2 2 1 1 1 

15-19 years--------------------- 1,707 328 339 279 251 180 19; 92 31 10 

20-24 years 4,093 869 718 635 481 483 481 296 101 29 

25-29 years--------------------- 3,535 753 612 512 398 409 492 239 90 30 

30-34 years--------------------- 2,343 536 380 313 285 251 273 183 81 39 

35-39 years--------------------- 1,377 275 179 177 207 146 189 122 56 26 

40-44 years--------------------- 414 49 56 54 66 51 66 44 14 14 

45 years and Over 29 2 1 3 3 6 5 3 6 

Nonwhite 3,220 607 508 427 385 384 409 298 109 93 

Under 15 years 3% 4 u 4 6 4 2 2 1 

15-19 years--------------------- 722 1.15 130 127 108 91 79 45 18 9 

20-24 years--------------------- 973 220 173 128 126 104 m 76 21 14 

25-29 years--------------------- 680 138 101 65 61 89 92 82 22 30 

30-34 yeses--------------------- 453 83 53 49 50 61 69 42 27 19 

35-39 years 268 42 33 41 26 30 34 31 16 15 

40-44 years--------------------- 82 5 7 13 8 4 19 17 4 5 

45 years and over--------------- 8 1 3 3 1 

FIRST BIRTE OFDER 

Total 4,980 988 831 667 810 621 677 397 131 3s 

Under 15 y-ears 48 9 13 6 8 5 1 3 1 2 

15-19 years--------------------- 1,525 266 264 225 239 191 197 34 13 

20-24 years--------------------- 1,781 349 305 243 199 225 234 1:: 54 12 

25-29 yeas 915 199 148 13.5 87 1.23 147 72 17 7 

30-34 yesrs--—----------------- 460 SL6 71 66 39 43 62 43 18 2 

35-39 years--------------------- 203 37 27 25 31 26 30 21 7 1 

40-44 years--------------------- 45 I.1 3 7 7 8 6 2 1 

45 years and over--------------- 1 1 

WA!----------------------- 4,120 836 898 594 493 498 548 321 109 23 

Under 15 years------------------ 20 5 5 3 2 2 1 1 1 

15-19 years--------------------- 1,133 211. 205 170 172 En. IS 62 24 7 

20-24 yeas 1,532 300 256 220 169 193 203 139 45 7 

25-29 ~SXS 808 173 136 10s 77 107 126 63 14 4 

30-34 years--------------------- 398 102 69 63 36 33 40 35 18 2 

35-39 years--------------------- 187 33 26 23 30 24 24 19 7 1 

40..44years--------------------- 41 11 1 7 7 8 4 2 1 

45 years and Over--------------- 1 1 

Nonwhite 860 152 133 93 117 123 129 76 22 15 

Under 15 years------------------ 28 4 8 3 6 3 1 2 1 

15-I-9yeas— 392 55 59 55 67 60 46 34 10 6 

20-24 years 249 49 49 23 30 32 31 21 9 5 

25-29 years 107 26 12 7 10 16 21 9 3 3 

30-34 years 62 14 2 3 3 10 22 8


35-39 years i8 4 1 2 1 2 6 2


40-44 ye~s 4 2 2


45 years sad over---------------

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52 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

!CABLE3. DEATHS UNDER 28 DAYS BY BIRTH WEIGET, TGTAL-BIRIHOBDER, AGE OF MOTHER, AND COLOR: UNIL!32DSTATES, JANUARY 1 TO


TOTAL-31RTR ORDER, AGE OF 

MOTRER, AND COLOR 

SECOND BIR’1’R0FD3R


Total


Un&er 15 yeexs


13-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 Yeats


30-34 years


35-39 years


40.-44years


45 years and Over


White-----------------------


Under 15 years-----------------


15-19 yams


20-24 years---------------------


25-29 yeses---------------------


30-34 years---------------------


35-39 pa~s


40-44 *ins


45 years and over


Nonwhite


Under 15 years------------------
 1.5-19years---------------------


20-24 years---------------------


25-29 ye~S


30-34 years---------------------


35-39 years--------------------­


40-44 ~ms


45 years and Over


TEUIUIBIRTR ORDEB


Total


Under 15 years-----------------


15-19 yak


20-24 ~&ilW


25-29 ~ars


30-34 years---------------------


35-39 years


40-44 ~as


45 years and over


White-----------------------


Under 15 years


15-19 ~ms


20.24 ~S2W


25-29 ye~S


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 ~ws


45 years and Over---------------


Nonwhite--------------------


Under 15 years


15-19 ~ars


20-24 YSSJ’S


25-29 ~ars


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 pars


45 years and over---------------


MARCR 31, 1950—COntinued


(See headnote on p. 51)


BIRTR WEIGRT (in gems)


1,000 1,oo1- 1,501- 2,001- 2,501- 3,001- 3,501- 4,001- 4,501 

or or 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 less 

4,459 942 793 6S1 562 47s 542 29S 114 38 

7 4 1 1 1 67s 1.25 157 134 65 62 63 31 14 5 

1,722 361 302 26S 241. 17s 19s us 41 1.5 

1,1ss 237 196 185 132 130 169 so 31 s 

586 1.55 97 65 67 72 62 39 21 s 

247 56 2s 32 31 29 40 22 7 2 

51 8 8 6 5 7 9 s 

2 1 1 

3,7s7 803 6s6 592 460 402 465 254 96 2s 

3 3 

445 90 103 83 5s 42 22 7 2 

1,453 299 247 240 1s9 155 1: 99 36 12 

1,073 210 190 177 127 KLo 155 6S 29 6 

52S 140 86 57 64 62 59 3s 17 7 

233 56 28 29 27 26 38 20 7 2 

50 8 8 6 4 7 9 s 

2 1 1 

S72 139 127 99 S2 ‘77 77 44 16 9 

4 1 1 1 1 

231 35 54 51 27 20 25 9 ; 3 

269 62 55 2s 42 23 32 19 5 3 

95 27 6 s 5 20 14 11 2 2 

58 15 u s 3 10 3 3 4 1 

14 3 3 2 2 ,-

1 :


2,S.3C 659 496 376 344 333 331 1s5 73 33 

1 1 174 34 35 33 31 17 14 9 1 

907 223 169 L33 99 .U2 S7 56 20 8 

901 215 153 1.13 97 1-1o 127 55 16 13 

534 118 95 57 66 65 59 46 20 8 

252 63 34 36 36 23 31 17 10 2 

6C 6 9 4 15 6 13 1 5 1 

1 1 

2,394 562 425 321 2S6 2S3 272 154 57 24 

106 21 23 20 1; 7 s 7 1 

715 173 136 107 77 90 65 42 19 6 

7sl 161 135 100 84 97 104 46 17 7 

498 SL3 90 54 60 60 54 43 17 7 

238 5s 32 3s 3s 23 30 14 10 2 

55 6 9 4 13 6 u 1 4 1 

1 1 

436 97 71 55 50 50 59 31 6 9 

1 1 

68 13 12 li 1; 10 ii 2 -

192 50 33 26 22 22 22 14 1 2 

12C 24 m 13 13 13 23 9 1 6 

36 5 5 3 8 5 3 3 1 

14 5 2 3 : 3 

5 2 2 1 
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Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 53 

!CAB’I.E3.	 DEATSS UNDER 28 DAYS BY BIFOH UEIGHT, !E3TAL-B= 0F27ER, AGE OF MWEER, AND COKJR: UN13XD SIW153S,JANUPXY 1 TO


MARCH 31, 1950-Continued


(Seeheabote on p. 51)


BIRTE WEIGST (In EWMS)


TOTAL-BIRTS OFDER, AGE OF 

MOTSER, dIiDCOLOR Total 1,000 4,501 

FOURT2B- ORIER


T&ml---------------------


Under 15 wAs------------------
 15-I.9~us


20-24 years 

25-29 deem 

30-34 years---------------------


35-39 years 

40-44 years---------------------

45 years ma over 

White-----------------------


Under 15 years------------------


3.5-19years


20-24 years


25-29 years---------------------


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 ~wa---------------------


45 PUTS ma OAT---------------


Iionwhite


Under 15 YW.W


15-19 yearn---------------------


20-24 WAS---------------------


25-29 Fma---------------------


30-34 yeas


35-39 ymare


40-44 years---------------------


45 years end over


FWIIIBIRIE OHX!R ANDOVER


Nod--------------------


Under 15 years------------------

15-19 years 

20-24 wwa---------------------

25-29 years 

30-34 years---------------------

35-39 years 

40-44 pws---------------------

45 years end over 

white 

Under 15 years


M-19 years


20-24 Pws---------------------


25-29 years


30-34 years---------------------


35-39 yeare---------------------­


40-44 ~ws


45 years and over


Nonwhite


Under 1.5years-----------------


15-19 years


20-24 yeE@3--------------------­


25-29 ~~B---------------------

30-34 years 

35-39 years 

40-44 years 

45 years ~a Over 

1,001- 1,501- 2,001- 2;501- 3,001- 3,501- 4,001- or 

l% 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 more 

1,536 314 280 206 172 179 205 113 43 24


39 G 12 1; i i 2 i i 370 92 58 36 45 41 20 4 ; 503 69 1: 59 50 56 74 42 19 6 

362 69 53 46 52 48 56 24 10 4 

213 47 31 29 27 25 22 20 6 6 

48 s 6 4 6 4 10 6 3 3 . 

1 1 

l,zll 241 21s 168 1.52 136 162 89 2s 17


-


M- 2 ; 5 i 

249 62 53 22 33 2s 10 1 

400 73 80 z 48 40 59 m. 13 ; 

321 59 47 40 50 40 51 22 9 3 104 39 25 28 26 20 19 20 3 4 42 6 6 4 6 3 7 5 2 3 . . 

325 73 62 3s 20 43 43 24 ls 7


1 . 1


24 9 1 1 2 i
 121 1: 2: 14 12 15 1; 3 i


103 R 28 6 2 16 K U 6


41. 10 6 8 2 6 5 2 1 :
 29 s 6 1 1 3 2
 6	 . : 3 i ;
 . - -,


2,936 401 443 390 300 337 287 ls2 us


. -

G 7 1 4 3 

28S 64 46 61 32 27 32 18 3 ; 728 la KM 105 93 79 67 72 27 26 654 161 XL7 128 l-u 84 103 75 39 3s 72S 114 92 96 ma 73 100 73 42 30 292 23 37 4s 41 30 47 44 10 14 33 1 3 2 7 8 5 1 6 

2>009 375 286 301 282 209 256 164 74 62 

6 4 i i 2 

L44 35 26 30 14 12 21 : 

473 10s 71 74 62 55 46 30 l’r 1; 

59s 122 8S 99 75 56 69 49 20 20. 535 89 68 61 91 53 78 49 29 17 226 1s 32 33 36 27 35 2s 8 9 25 1 3 2 6 5 2 6 

927 146 Qs 142 10s 91 10I. 1.23 4s 53 

7 3 3 i 

142 29 20 31 10 I-5 lz 3 255 45 37 31 31 24 E 42 10 1; 256 39 29 29 3s 2s 34 26 19 1s 

193 25 24 35 3.7 20 22 24 X5 13 66 5 5 13 5 1.2 16 2 5 8 . : 3 3 1

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54 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

TABLE4.	 NEOIW13U MORTALITY RATES BY BIRTH WEIGHT, TOTAL-BIRTSORDER, Aa OF MOWER, AND COLOR: UNTIED STATES, JANUARY 1


TO MARCH 31, 1950


(Eased on deaths under 28 days among children born Jau. 1 to Mar. 31, 1950. Bates per 1,000 live birthsin specifiedgroup.


Total-birthorder refers to number of children ever born to mother, Iacluding fetal deaths. Figures for birth weight,


birth order,sad sgeof mother not stated are distributed. Figures for age of mother uudar 15 yaars and 45 years and over


are not shown separately,but are includediu totsls for groups. Excludes data for Massachusetts. TWO dots ( ..) iudicate


rate not mm.putedwhere the number of deaths is less than 10)


BIRTR WEIW (in grsms)


TOTAL-BIRTHORDER, Am OF MOTRF,R,
 Total AND COIA)R 1,500 1,501- 2,col- 2,501- 3,001- 4,501 2,500 2,501. 

or or or
 leaa 2,000 2,500 3,000 4,500 le; more
 X%._


ALL BIRTR ORDERS 

Total------------------------------ 20.0 691.0 Z1l..o 50.4 12.6 6.4 14.2 173.i 7.s 

15-19 years 23.S 6s7.s 229.0 59.C 12.8 6.6 14.4 182.; s.1 20-24 years 19.0 701.4 220.6 46.3 Ii.s 5.7 10.6 172.7 7.0 

25-29 years 17.6 707.2 199.5 42..? 11.9 5.8 12.6 164.t 7.1 30-34 years 20.0 679.6 1.S5.5 50.7 13.4 6.6 3..5.4 174.E S.1 35-39 years 23.6 651.5 202.6 66.9 E .9 6.8 1.5.9 ~z.~ 10.3 40-44 years 27.2 635.9 231.8 80.3 20.2 12.4 21.3 ls5.1 14.1 

White 1s.9 705.1 214.6 50.6 12.C 5.8 12.0 175.e 7.1 

15-19 years 22.3 725.0 236.8 62.4 12.1 5.9 1.5.3 195.5 7.3 20-24 years 18.0 710.7 22s,. 2 45.4 11.4 5.3 10.0 173.1 6.6 25-29 years 16.7 71.3.5 20s.7 42.7 SL.1 5.2 s.3 1ss.C 6.4 “30-34years 1s.9 6S7.7 196.2 50.C 12.2 5.9 13.6 175.6 7.2 35-39 years 22.6 658.9 194.9 69.7 15.2 8.2 13.4 W5 .5 9.6 40-44 years ------------------------------ 26.1 664.6 225.0 83.9 21.4 10.7 19.7 189.9 12.9 

Nonwhite 26.7 640.4 195.7 49.5 M .4 10.3 20.2 164.7 U .9 

1.5-19years 28.3 603.4 2X5.4 52.5 14.6 9.0 .. 157.o li).8
 20-24 y,~S 24.s 666.1 189.3 50.0 12.0 S.1 12.0 171.0 9.2


25-29 years 24.6 673.2 1.56.6 39.4 16.S 10.4 26.0 1.57.4 12.4
 30-34 years 28.7 629.6 190.7 55.1 22.6 12.8 21..6 170.2 .L3.2
 35-39 years 29.9 609.S 244.0 50.6 20.7 13.3 24.0 17s.4 L5.4
 40-44 years 35.0 461.5 265.3 .. .. 24.8 .. 1.57.9 22.9


FIRST BIRTH ORDER


Total------------------------------ 19.1 6S9.0 197.9 43.3 11..2 6.6 17.4 1.54.2 7.7 

15-19 ~ars 21.2 654.3 197.9 57.2 12.s 6.6 1s.3 162.3 8.1 

20-24 years 16.6 709.3 202.3 37.6 10.1 5 .s 14.1 147,8 6.S 25-29 wars 17.3 705.9 1s7.9 32.7 6.3 .. 145.9 7.5 30-34 years 24.1 739.1 213.6 33.4 E:: .. 16S.9 9.7 35-39 years 28.7 598.1 172.4 57.7 15.7 1;:: .. 152.1 13.4 40-44 years 30.9 6s6.7 .. .. .. .. .. 140.7 13.5 

White 17..s 701.7 206.8 42.4 10.5 5.9 L5.2 157.0 7.0 

15-19 years 19.s 693.3 21.O.1 59.0 11.5 5.s .. 175.3 7.1 

20-24 years 15.5 709.2 210.7 36.S 9.7 5.4 .. 147.2 6.4 25-29 years 16.4 70s.7 196.0 32.0 10.4 5.7 .. 145.6 6.8 

30-34 years 22.3 740.3 2zl.1 33.7 8.4 7.6 .. 170.s 7.9 

35-39 years 2s.1 5s4.2 170.4 61.3 15.7 1.1.5 .. 1.54.5 12.6 

40-44 ~ars 29.8 631.6 .. .. .. .. .. 144.4 12.5 

Nonwhite 28.9 627.8 155.0 47.6 15.7 12.7 33.9 141.0 13.9 

15-19 years------------------------------ 26.6 542.9 167.7 53.1 X5.6 10.2 .. 1.31.1 12.1 20-24 Years 27.7 710.1 146.5 42.7 1.3.3 IJ..l .. 151.5 12.3 25-29 years 31.s 666.7 .. 39.7 17.5 16.2 .. 14S.6 17.4 

30-34 years 49.2 727.3 .. .. 30,7 39.0 0 1.50,7 35.9 

35-39 years 37.2 .. .. .. .. .. 0 .. 23.s 

40-44 years------------------------------ .. .. 0 0 0 .. .. .. 

SECOND BIRTH ORDER


!L’Otsl 17.s 709.9 215.1 4S.6 10.6 5.2 10.0 173.5 s.3 

15-19 years 26.1 738.2 2ss.2 58.4 12.9 6.5 . . ai.5 s .0 20-24 years 18.2 704.6 223.3 55.1 10.4 5.1 10.2 179.e 6.2 25-29 years L4.3 706.4 2C9.S 39.6 9.2 4.6 .. 155.4 5.4 30-34 years 16.1 709.9 153.7 41.5 11.o 4.5 .. 160.5 5.9 3539 years 20.3 672.0 159.2 4s.9 12.7 7.9 .. 14s.9 8.9 40-44 years 25.3 727.3 .. .. .. 11,8 0 163.6 1.3.o 

-.

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Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 55 

TABIZ 4. NEONATAL MORTALITY RATXS BY BEKLTi WEIGET, TCO!KL-BIRTHORDER, AGE OF MOITER, AND COLOR: UNITED STATXS, JANu4Fw 1 

TO MARCH 31, 1950—Continued 

(Seeheednote on p. 54)


BIRTH WEIGRT (in grems.)


!UC4L-BIFWHOFDER, A6E OF MOTHFR, Totsl
 AND COLQR 1,500 4,501


SRCOND BIRTR ORDER-Continued 

White--------------------------------


X5-19 years


20-24 years


, 25-29 years------------------------------


30-34 Years


35-39 years


40-44 years


Nonwhite


+	 15-19 years ------------------------------

20-24 years 

7S-2S years------------------------------

30-34 years------------------------------

35-39 years-----------—-----------------

40-44 years 

TEIF3 BIRTR 0F2)ER 

l!otsl


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 fears


35-39 years


40-44 years


White


15-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 years


40-44 years


Nonwhite


15-18 years ------------------------------


20-24 years------------------------------


25-29 years


30-34 Years


35-39 years


le= 

1,501-

2,CO0 

2,001-

2,500 

2,501-

3,000 

3,001-

4,500 or 

more 

2,500 

or 

less 

2,501 

or 

more 

16.9 717.6 21.8.5 49.0 10.2 4.9 9.2 174.6 ,5.9 

27.2 781.4 289.2 66.1 X5.7 5.8 .. 236.5 7.4 17.5 712.6 241.4 54.4 10.6 4.9 10.1 161.9 6.0 

14.0 708.0 21.S.2 41.8 8.4 4.3 .. I-59.6 5.1 15.2 701.9 146.5 42.5 10.1 4.3 .. 1.56.5 5.6 20.2 682.9 1.51.8 43.5 12.1 7.8 .. 149.7 8.8 26.3 600.0 .. .. .. 12.4 0 172.2 X5.7 

25.4 670.0 196.8 46.4 12.9 8.1 13.9 167.7 9.5 

29.9 659.3 286.5 46.7 U-.5 8.4 .. 187.4 9.4 23.5 666.6 135.9 58.5 6.8 7.5 .. 169.7 7.9 20.3 667.5 .. .. 19.3 8.7 .. 110.6 U..5 32.6 767.9 .. .. 23.1 8.6 .. 2U..4 1.3.1 22.5 0 .. .. .. .. 0 .. .. .. 0 0 .. 0 0 0 .. 0 

19.7 701.3 195.9 50.9 13.7 5.6 10.4 181.7 7.2 

35.3 718.6 242.6 86.1 17.9 7.0 .. 224.7 9.4 22.0 698.8 217.7 47.0 14.7 5.6 .. 190.4 7.5 X7.7 744.9 187.7 43.5 1.3.3 5.3 13..9 173.8 6.8 16.9 678.3 163.3 47.9 12.9 5.3 .. 164.7 6.7 19.8 613.9 164.6 63.6 U-.2 6.1 .. 183.9 7.0 26.4 652.2 .. X55.1 .. n .3 .. S12.5 12.3 

19.3 715.2 200.4 51.2 X5.9 5.3 9.6 m5 .9 6.9 

41..4 800.0 294.1 96.9 .. 8.5 .. 260.2 10.3 22.5 722.0 223.8 49.0 15.9 5.5 .. 199.1 7.6 17.1 746.0 X87.6 43.0 13.3 4.8 .. 174.5 6.3 16.8 695.2 169.8 47.6 12.9 5.1 .. 170.0 6.5 19.9 616.4 1.S7.8 63.6 12.2 6.0 .. 167.7 7.1 23.5 661.8 .. X55.4 .. 10.0 .. 227.0 11.4 

22.3 629.2 1.73.5 49.9 12.6 7.3 13.3 160.9 8.7 

26.6 609.8 191.2 73.2 19.8 ,. 0 163.2 6,6 20.5 624.1 195.5 41.0 11.4 5.9 .. 163.3 7.1 23.9 736.8 188.4 46.9 us 9.6 .. 168.7 1.1.3 18.7 454.5 .. .. .. 8.3 .. 106.6 9.7 I.s.o .. 0 .. 0 .. 0 .S38.9 .. 40-44 year.5------------------------------ .. 0 0 .. 0 .. 0 .. .. 

FOURTH BIRTH OBDER


To’ssl ------------------------------

E-19 years


20-24 years


25-29 years


30-34 years


35-39 yeara


40-44 years


SI..1 686.7 193.6 48.7 M .4 6.6 11.o 177.9 8.4 

45.2 783.1 333.3 . . . . 0 263.3 .. 24.9 665.1 220.5 42.4 17:li 6.2 . . 189.2 8.5 19.6 6s6.4 169.1 41.8 13.6 7.1. . . 167.1 6.3 18.8 648.9 174.9 60.3 16.8 6.2 . . 167.4 7.9 21.5 72s.0 223.1 60.1 17.1 6.4 . . 195.3 8.6 23.6 705.9 .. .. .. 12.8 . . 139.2 X5.9 
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56 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

TAME 4. NEONATAL MoRTALITY RATES BY BIRTR WEIGRT, TGTA&BIR’133O~ER, AGE OF M~ii.Ei3. , AND COLOR: UNSl?EDSTA!CEh5, JAWJ~ 1


TO MARCH 31, .1950-Continued


(See headnote on P. 54) 

BIRT2 WEIGRT (in grams) I Z?XCAL-BIRT3
ORDER, AG3 OF MOTRER, Total
 AND COLOR 1,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,501- 3,001- 4,501 2,5oO 2,501


or or or 

le~ 2,CO0 2,500 3,000 4,s00 more less more -


FOURTH BIRTH OFDBR-C!ontinued


White 20.3 680.0 193.1 53.4 14.7 6 .Z ~o.~ 177.5 7.s 

15-19 years 49.C .. 0 o 2?4.5 . . 2!)-24years 25,9 709.9 205:~ 40.7 20.: 5:; ,. 197.1 8.5 25-29_years 18.~ 674.0 1s0.3 48.7 11.8 6.: . . 168,5 7.4 30-34 years 18.5 634.7 172.4 64.7 15.8 6.Z . . 167.2 7.7 55-39 years 20.1 719.1 231.4 63.1 15.o 6.C . . 189.7 7.7 40-44 years 22.1 703.9 .. .. .. 10.C . . 151.7 3.3..4 

Nonwhite 25.0 710.5 195.9 29.0 16.5 9.1 . . 179.7 11.1 

15-19 years 43.2 823.5 .. .. .. 0 Z89.9 20-24 years 22.9 630.1 236:1 45.3 12.1 7.e . . 173.9 25-29 years 23.6 733.3 .. .. 21.4 10.3 . . 160.5 12.6 30-34 years 21.7 761.9 .. .. .. .. . . 189.0 9.7 35-39 years 3s.3 777.8 .. .. .. .. . . 260.0 18.7 40-44 years .. 0 0 .. .. 0 0 ,. 

FIFFS BIRTH 0F6)ERAND OVER


Total 26.9 652.5 257.4 73.6 19.6 9.6 18.8 20S,Z 11.7 

15-19 years------------------------------ 68.S . . 0 0 0 375.0 0 20-24 years 35.s 670:i 331:; 65.7 19.8 9.8 ., 243.1 U..6 25-29 years 25.5 S79.8 234.9 64.4 18.4 6.1 19.4 201.1 10.3 30-34 years 25.5 634.7 252.0 70.1 18.3 8.9 19.3 204.4 10.9 35-39 years 26.1 654.0 237.0 85.0 Zo.1 10.5 17.1 206,0 12.3 40-44 years 2s.0 594.1 2S5.7 91.1 Z2.7 13.2 19.1 Z06.5 14.9 

Unite 26.0 674.5 261.1 7s.6 19.8 8.6 16.1 217.4 10.7 

15-19 years .. 0 0 0 0 20-24 ~ars 37.5 655:; 365:; 59:i 17.9 10.3 0 254:; 11.4 25-29 years 2.3.9 7U3.-f 256.9 66.6 20.5 7,1 14.1 Z13.4 9.5 30-34 years 24.4 656.3 266.S 68.5 16.9 7.6 16.9 21.5.0 9.4 35-39 years 24.9 682.6 218.6 98.1 19.5 9.7 14.1 Z1.5.o SL.3 40-44 years------------------------------ 26.5 62-5.0 “26S 

Nonwhite 29.1 602.s Z50.o 63,3 1,9.O 12.3 23.4 188.8 14.2 

.3 98.6 25.4 11.2 ,. 209.5 3.3.4


15-19 years .. 0 0 0 0 20-24 years--- 34:; 680:i 303.9 72:; Z1.6 9,3 m:i 1-1.8 25-29 years 24.9 616.5 195.0 60.3 14.9 9.9 25:; 178.7 U..8 30-34 years 2s.7 576,3 zll.7 73.8 21.9 12.7 Z3.4 179.0 I-3.1 35-39 years 30.3 576.5 277.~ 49.7 Z2.2 13.5 23.7 ,162,6 13.0 40-44 years 54.5 476.2 342.1 ,. .. Z2.4 .. 194,4 E3..5 
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. . 

Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 57 

TABm5. SINGI.E LIVE Bii3THS~ B_@.TH WEIGHT, FERIOD OF GESTATION, lWAL-BIXTR OBllER,AND COIOR: UNITED S.l!ATES,JANUARY 1


TO MARCH 31, 1950


(Totsl-birthorder refers to numberof children ever boroto mother, including fetal deaths. Figures for birth weight, period


of gestation,smi birth order not stated sre distributed. Excludes data for Massachusetts)


BIRTH WEIGEC (in ETsms)


PERIOD OF GESTATION,TOTAL-BIHIH ORDER, TOtsl
 AND COLOR 1,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,501- 3,001- 3,501


or


1:s 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500
 more


AIL GESTATION GROUPS 

Totsl 820,61S 7,3i’1 8,946 36>225 146,751 313,216 308,109 

First birth 259,142 2,400 3,152 13,472 54,754 106,695 78,669 

2ec0na birth 246,740 1,981 2,505 LO>232 44,097 96,767 91,15s 

mid birth 139,622 1,30s 1,390 5,596 23,095 51,733 56,500 

Fourth birth 70,222 665 729 2,871 10,762 24,907 30,258 

Fifth birth snd over-------------------------------= 104,892 1,017 1,170 4,054 14,013 33,KL4 51,524 

White-------------------------------------------702,966 5,93s 7,199 29,322 122,663 271,274 26S,570 

First birth 229,729 1,977 2,593 1.1,1o9 46,961 95,6L3 71,474 

Sscond birth 220,772 1,656 2,061 8,624 38,253 86,959 83,199 

‘lhirdbirth 120,526 1,0S8 l,la 4>580 19,242 44>753 49>722 

Fourth birth 57,615 503 590 2,291 8,594 20,424 25,213 

Fifth birth ~a over-------------------------------- 74,324 714 794 2,7U3 9,613 23,523 36,962 

Nonwhite 1.17,652 1,433 1,747 6,903 24,0SS 41,942 41,539 

First birth 29,43.3 423 559 2,363 7,793 U, 080 7,195 

secOnabirth------------:--------------------------- 25,96S 325 424 1,608 5,844 9,S08 7,959 

mira birth-------------------------------------——— 19,096 220 249 1,016 3,853 6,9S0 6,77S 

Fourth birth---------------------------------------- 12,607 162 139 580 2,19S 4,483 5,045. 

Fifth birth snd over------------—------------------ 30,56S 303 376 1,336 4,400 9,591 14,562” 

CWTATIONS UNDER 2S WEEKS


Total 4,342 3>670 321 80 70 99 102 

First birth----------------------------------------- 1,355 1,145 102 29 24 30 25 

.wOna birth-----— 1,142 973 74 20 22 23 30 

mira birth 76S 663 51 1.2 5 M 19 

Fourtinbtith 3s9 334 26 7 s 10 4 

Fifth birth snd over 688 555 68 l-s U M? 24 

White 3,515 3,027 236 60 53 80 59 

First birth 1,130 973 76 23 16 26 16 

Second birth---------------------------------------- 957 819 60 17 19 22 20 

Thirdbirth----------------------—----------------- 643 5s3 42 9 5 13 1-1. 

Four’th birth 300 266 Is 2 7 5 2 

Fifth birth snd over-------------------------------- 463 406 40 9 6 14 10 

Nonwhite S27 643 83 20 3-7 19 4s 

First birth----------------------------------------- 225 172 26 6 s 4 9 

second birth---------------------------------------- 183 154 14 3 3 1 10 ~ Third birth 125 100 9 3 5 

Fourth birth---------------------------------------- S9 68 8 5 1 5 2. 

Fifth birth ml over 203 149 2s 3 5 4 14 

GESTATIONS OF 2S-31 WEEKS


Total 8,697 2,277 2,184 1,327 390 26S 251 

First birth 2,262 751 759 450 153 93 ,5s 

ae.ond birth---------------------------------------- 1,816 639 572 375 95 76 59 

mini birth 1,064 403 326 197 50 38 48 

Fourth birth---------------------------------------- 603 215 187 u 31 19 39 

Fifth birth snd over 952 267 340 193 61 42 49 

White------------------------------------------- 5,277 1,786 1,716 1,037 313 218 207 

First birth 1,833 597 800 373 134 80 .$9 

2econd birth---------------------------------------- 1,461 522 459 295 72 65 48 

Tnird birth 633 252 I.% 37 xl. 42 

Fourth birth-------------------------~-------—----- 476 k: 160 88 26 17 30 

Fifth birth snd over------------------------------- 654 177 245 MS 44 25 38 

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58 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

TABLE 5. SINGLE LIVE BIRTRS BY BEWR W?21GRT, PERIOD OF GESTATION,TOTAL-BIRTSOFfDER,and COLOR: ONI~ STA!F8S,JANUARY1


TO MARCH 31, lg50—Continued


‘(Seeheadnote m p. 57)


BIBTE W81G2T (in sre.m)


FERIOD OF GESTATION,TOTAL-BIRTRORDER,
 Total
 AND COLOR 1,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,501- 3,001- 3,501


or or
 2,900 2,500 3,000 3,500
 less more
 _


GESTATIONSOF 2S-31 WEEKS-Continued


Iionwbite-— 1,420 491 46S 290 77 50 44 

First birth 429 154 159 77 19 13 7 

Second biti 355 1.I.7 113 80 23 U 11 

lhird birth----------------------------------------- SJ.1 70 74 a 13 7 6 

Fourth birth----------------—---------------------- 127 60 27 24 5 2 9 

Fifth birth and over 298 90 95 66 17 17 M. 

QWI?ATIONSOF 32-35 WI18KS


!lwal-----—-----------------—--------------- 15,206 910 3,L16 5,1J.3 3,120 1,939 1,008 

First bifi 5,286 328 1,0s5 l,sll l,U.4 672 276 

Second birth 4,462 248 967 1,514 922 538 273 

Third birth 2,456 150 475 S19 504 323 1s5 

Fourth birth---------------------------------------- 1,283 75 241 434 250 180 103 

Fifth birth and over 1,719 109 348 535 330 226 171 

White 12,929 748 2,621 4,340 2,723 1,646 851 

First birth 4,567 268 934 1,562 973 592 238 

Secondbirth 3,916 21s 825 1,324 S34 466 249 

Third birth 2,102 lz 415 695 440 276 155 

Fourth birth 1>057 60 196 358 217 145 S1 

Fifth birth and over -------------------------------- 1,267 81 251 401 259 167 128 

Nonwhite 2,277 162 495 773 397 293 157 

First birth 719 60 151 249 141 Sc 38 

2econdbirth---------------------------------------- 546 30 J.42 190 88 72 24 

!hird birth 354 29 60 124 64 47 30 

Fourth birth 226 15 45 76 33 35 22 

Fifth birth and over-------------------------------- 432 2s 97 134 71 59 43 

GESTATIONSOF 36 WEilCS


Total 6S,656 1.50 1,164 6,015 1.2,676 23,151 25,502 

First birth 19,616 51 429 2,153 4,378 7,068 5,537 

Zecond birth 18,202 34 3U 1,6S9 3,469 6,417 6,282 

Third birth ll,5s5 33 191 949 2,065 3,764 4,583 

Fourth birth 6,841 7 96 506 1,090 2,203 2,939 

Fifth birth and over 12,414 25 137 718 1,674 3,699 6,161 

mite------------------------------------------- 54,056 10s 923 4,7ss 10,153 18,593 19,491 

First birth 16,308 37 347 1,757 3,649 5,929 4,587 

Second birth 15,292 25 261 1,379 2,908 5,50C 5,219 

!7Mrd birth 9,316 21 149 776 1,667 3,05s 3,644 

Fourth birth 5,120 4 79 404 836 1,674 2,123 

Fifth birth and over 8,022 21 87 472 1,093 2,431 3,918 

Nonwhite 14,602 42 241 1,227 2,523 4,55P 6,011 

First birth 3,310 14 82 396 729 1,13s 950 

Second birth 2,910 9 5C 310 561 917 1,063 

Third hi*----------------------------------------- 2,269 1.2 42 173 398 705 939 

Fourth birth 1,721 3 17 102 254 525 SI.6 

Fifth birth and over-------------------------------- 4,392 4 5C 246 5s1 1,26E 2,243 

GESTATIONSOF 37 WEEKS AND OVER


Fifth 

l’btal 725,71.5 364 2,161 23,69C 130,495 2S7,75S 261.,246 

First birth 230,623 125 777 9,029 49,0s5 9s,s32 72,775 

2econd birth 221,US 87 5s1 6,634 39,589 89,71? S4,514 

‘l%irdbirth-----------------------------------------123,749 57 347 3,619 20,471 47,59C 51,665 

Fourth bifih 61,106 34 ~7g 1,612 9,413 22,495 27,173 

birth and over 89,119 61 277 2,596 I.1,
937 29,12$ 45,119
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vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 59 

TABLE 5. SINGLE LIVE B12WRS BY BIREI WEIGRT, FERIOD OF GESTATION, TOTAL-B_QYCSORDER, AND COIQR: UNI’DIDSTMES, JANUARY 1


TO ,MARCS31, 1950-Continued


(See heednote on p. 57,) “


B= TEIGST (in.grsms)


PERIOD OF GX3TATION, TOTAL-B= ORDER, T&d
 AND COIOR 1,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,501- 3,001- 3,501


or


12s 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500
 more
 1 

GESTATIONS OF 37 WEEKS AND OVEl+-Continued
 I 

White------------------------------------------­
 I 627,189 269 1,703 19,097 109,421 250,737 245,962


First birth-----------------------------------------205,893 102 636 7,394 42,189 8S,9SS 66,584 

3econd birth----------------------------------------199,146 72 476 5,609 34,420 80,906 77,663 

Third birth-----------------------------------------107,612 4s 2S3 2,944 17,093 41,374 45,870 

Fourth birth---------------------------------------- 50,662 M 137 1,439 7,508 18,583 22,977 

Fifth birth and over -------------------------------- 63,876 29 171 1,711 8,211 20,8s6 32,868 

Nonwhite I 98,526 95 45s 4,593 21,074 37,022 35,284 

First birth----------------------------------------- 24,730 la 1,635 6,896 9,S44 6,191 

Second birth---------------------------------------- 21,972 E“ 105 1,025 5,169 8,807 6,8Sl 

‘lhirdbirth----------------------------------------- 16,137 9 64 675 3,378 6,216 5,79s 

Fourth birth---------------------------------------- 10,444 16 42 373 1,905 3,912 4,196 

Fifth birth end over-------------------------------- 25,243 32 106 S85 3,726 S,243 12,251 

!CABLE6. PERCENTAGEDISTRIBUTION OF SINGIE LIVE BISTHS BY’~’l!E WEIGST, BY FEFJOD OF GESIATION, TOTAL-BIRTR ORDER, ANO
 COIOR: UNITED STATES, JANUARY 1 TO lL4RCR31, 1950


(Total-birthorder refers to number of children ever born to mother, includlng fetal.deaths. Fi@res for birth weight,


pericd of gestation,andbirth order not stat-d are distributecl.Excludes data for Massa&usetts. !Mo dots (..) indica’k


percent or medien not computed.where base is less thsn 100)


Median BISTS WEIGST (in srems)


PIZUOD OF GESTATTON,TOTAL- weight TOtsl BIRTH ORDER, AND COLOR (in 

grams )= 

1,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,500 2,501- 3,001- 3>501 

or or 

1:s 2,000 2,500 less 3,000 3,500 more 

ALL GESTATION GROUPS 

Total 3,330 100.0 0.9 1.1 4.4 6.4 17.9 38.2 37.5 

First birth--------------------- 3,260 100.0 0.9 1.2 5.2 7.3 ‘23..1 43..2 30.’4 

second birth-------------------- 3>330 100.0 0.s 1.0 4.1 6.0 17.9 39.2 36.9 

Third birth 3,370 100.0 0.9 1.0 4.0 5.9 16.5 37.L 40.s 

Fourth berth-------------------- 3,400 100.0 0.9 1.0 4.1 6.1 15.4 35.5 43S 

Fifth birth and over 3,490 100.0 1.0 1.1 3.9 5.9 13.4 31.6 49.1 

white 3,340 100.0 0.8 1.0 4.2 6.0 17.4 38.6 37.9 

First birth--------------------- 3,270 100.0 0.9 1.1 4.8 6.S 20.4 41.6 31.3. 

2econd birth-------------------- 3,340 100.0 0.8 0.9 3.9 5.6 17.3 39.4 37.7 

Third birth--------------------- 3,380 100.0 0.9 0.9 3.8 5.6 16.0 37.1 41..3 

Fourth birth-------------------- 3,410 100.0 0.9 1.0 4.0 5.9 14.9 33.4 43.8 

Fifth birth and over 3,500 100.0 1.0 1.1 3.7 5.7 12.9 31..6 49.7 

Nonwhite 3,290 100.0 1.2 1.5 5.9 8.6 20.5 35.6 33.3 

First birth--------------------- 3,160 100.0 1.4 1.9 8.0 13..4 26.5 37.7 24.5 

Second birth-------------------- 3,240 100.0 1.3 1.6 6.2 9.1 22.5 37.8 30.6 

~ird birth--------------------- 3,300 100.0 1.2 1.3 5.3 7.s 20.2 36.6 35.5 

Fourth birth-------------— 3,360 100.0 1.3 1.1 4.6 7.0 17.4 35.6 40.0 

Fifth birth end.o’ver 3,460 100.0 1.0 1.2 4.4 6.6 14.4 31.4 47.6 

lComputedto nee.re
st 10 grems on basis of exact conversion of intervel Wts from ~ounds end ounces; see text

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60 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL R“EPORTS 

TASLE 6. PERCENTAGEDISTRIBUTION OF SRiGLE HVE BIRTHS BY BIRTH WEIGST, BY PERIOD OF G?3STATION,TOTAL-BIRTR ORDER, MD


COLOR: UNITED STMXS, JANUARY 1 TO MARCH =, 1950—Continued


(Seeheadnbte on p. 59)


Median BIS!CEWEIGHT (in S&US) 

- PERIOD OF GEsmoN, ToTAL- weight lbtzl BHWS ORDER, AND COIOR (In 

gmms ) 1 

1,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,500 2,501- 3,001. 3>501 

or or or
 2,000 2,500 less 3,000 3,500
 less mm.-e -


GESTATIONSONDER 2S WEEKS2


Total S90 100.0 64.5 7.4 1.s 93.s 1.6 2.3 2.3 

First birth--------------------- S90 100.0 64.5 7.5 2.1 94.2 l.s 2.2 1.8 

Second birth-----------—-----~- 900 100.0 S5.2 6.5 1.s 93.4 1.9 2.0 2.6 

Third bifi S20 100.0 SS.3 6.6 1.6 94.5 0.7 2.3 2.5 ‘. 

Fourth birth-------------------- Sso 100.0 65.9 6.7 1.s 94.3 2.1 2.6 1.0 

Fifth birth and over 990 100.0 SO.7 9.9 1.7 92.3 1.6 2.6 3.5 

S70 100.0 S6.1 6.7 1.7 94.5 1.5 2.3 1.7 

First birth--------------------- S60 100.0 86.1 6.7 2.0 94,9 1.4 2.3 1,4 

Second birth S90 100.0 S5.6 6.3 1.s 93.6 2.0 2.3 2.1 

!IMirdbirth--------------------- Slo 100.0 S7.6 6.5 1.4 95.5 0.s 2.0 1.7 

Fourth birth S60 100.0 8S.? 6,0 0.7 95.3 2.3 1,7 0.7 

Fifth birth and over 960 100.0 S3.7 S.2 1,9 93,s 1.2 2.9 2.1 

Nonwhite 990 100.0 77.s 10.3 2.4 90.4 2.1 2.3 5.2 

First birth--------------------- 1,050 100.0 76.4 11..6 2.7 90.7 3.6 1.s 4,0 

Second birth 960 100.0 63.2 7.6 1.6 92.4 1.6 0,5 5.4 

Third birth---------------—---- 900 100.0 So.o 7.2 2.4 S9.6 0 4.0 6.4 

Fourth birth 

Fifth birth and over 1,0;; 100:6 73:i 13:i 1:: Ss:; 2:; 2:6 

~*--

GESTMTONS OF 2S-31 WKS


1,740 100.0 34.0 32.6 19.s S6.4 5.s 4.0 3.7 

First bifi 1,740 100.0 33.2 33.6 19.9 86.6 6.S 4.1 2.5 Second birth-------------------- 1,730 100.0 33.2 31.5 20.6 S7.3 5.2 4.2 3.2 Third birth--------------------- 1,690 100.0 3s.1 30.6 18.5 S7.2 4.7 3.6 4.5 Fourth birth-------------------- 1,720 100.0 35.7 31..O 1S.6 65.2 5.1 3.2 6.5 Fifth birth end over 1,s00 100.0 28.0 35.7 20.3 S4.O 6.4 4.4 5.1 

white 1,740 100.0 33.8 32.5 19.7 S6.0 5.9 4.1 3.9 

First birth--------------------- 1,760 100.0 32.6 32.7 20.3 S3.7 7.3 4.4 2.7 2econd birth-------------------- 1,720 100.0 35.7 31..4 20.2 S7.3 4.9 4.4 3.3 Third birth--------------------- 1,s70 100.0 39.3 29.5 18.3 S7.1 4.3 3.6 4.9 Fourth birth--------:----------- 1,750 100.0 32.6 33.6 1s.5 64.7 5.5 3.s 6,3 

Fifth birth end over 1,s00 100.0 27.1 37.5 19.1 S3.6 6.7 3.s 5.s 

Nonwhite 1,730 100.0 X.6 33.0 20.4 Ss.o 5.4 3.5 3.1 

First birth--------------------- 1,6S0 100.0 35.9 37.1 17.s 90,9 4.4 3.0 1.6 Second birth-------------------- 1,7s0 100.0 33.0 31.s 22.5 S7,3 6.5 3.1 3.1 Third birth--------------------- .1,730 100.0 33.2 35.1 19.4 S7.7 6.2 3.3 2.s Fourth birth-------------------- 1,550 100.0 47.2 21.3 1s.9 87.4 3.9 1.6 7.1 Fifth birth snd over 1,Slo 100.0 30.2 31;9 22.s 64.9 5.7 5.7 3.7 

mad---------------------


GESTATIONSOF 32-35 WEEKS


TOtsl---------------------- 2,360 100.0 S.o 20.5 33,s 60.1 20.5 12.s 

First birth--------------------- 2,350 100.0 6;2 20.5 34.3 61.0 21.1 12.7 5.2 

SecOn6 birth 2,340 100.0 5.s 2L.7 33.9 S1.2 20.7 12.1 6.1 

Third birth 2,370 100.0 6.1 19.3 33.3 5s.s 20,5 13.2 7.5 

Fourth birth-------------------- 2,380 100,0 5.8 1s.s 33.s 58.5 19.5 14.0 S.o 

Fifth birth snd over ------------ 2,3s0 100,0 6.S 20.2 31,1 57.7 19.2 13.1 9.9 

White 2,360 100.0 5.8 20.3 33.6 59.6 21.1 12.7 6.S 

First birth--------------------- 2,350 100,0 5.9 20.5 34.2 60.5 21.: 13.0 5.2 

Second birth 2,350 100.0 5.6 33.s 60.4 21.: sl.9 6.4 

Third birth 2,3s0 100.0 5.e % 33.1 5s.6 20.9 13.1 7.4 

Fourth birth-------------------- 2,390 100.0 5.7 1s,5 33.9 5s.1 20.5 13.7 7,7 

Fifth birth and over------------ 2,400 100.0 6..? 19.5 31.2 57.0 20.2 13.0 9,9 

~Cmuputedto nearest 10 grams on basis of exact conversionof interval limits from pounds end ounces; see text,.
 ‘In computingthe median birth weights for this group, data were also availablefor weight group 1,000 grsms or less.

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.. 

Vol. 4?8 No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 61 

TAME 6. PERCENTAGEDISTFJ2UTION OF SINGLE LIVE ~~ BY BISTR WEIGHT, BY PERIOD OF GES’i?ATION,TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER, AND


COIOR: UNIZEO STMES, JANUARY 1 TO MANX 31, 1950—Continued


(Seehednote on P. 59)


Median BIRTS WEIGST (in gas) 

PERIOD OF QHC!A!C1ON,‘lUl4L- weight L’utEil. BIRTS OROER, AND COIOR (in 1,500 2,500 3,501

&rEmls)1 

GESTATIONSOF 32-35 WEE~-Con.


Nonwhite 2,320


Flr.%tbirth 2,3CC 

Second birth-------------------- 2,270 

-, Third bwdl--------------------- 2,360 

Fourth birth-------------------- 2,350


Fifth Mrth and over------------ 2,330


GESTATIONSOF 36 =


Total - 3,S1.o


First birth 3,190 

Second birth-------------------- 3,2S0 

Third birth 3,340 

FOIU’thbirth-------------------- 3,390 

Fitch birth d over------------ 3,490 

White 3,290


First birt&-------------------- 3,190


Second birth-------------------- 3,280


,Third
 birth--------------------- 3,330


Fourth birth-------------------- 3,370


Fifth birth and over 3,480


Nonwhite 3,360


First birth--------------------- 3,190 

Second birth-------------------- 3,2s0 

Third birth--------------------- 3,360 

Fou2’+hbirth-------------------- 3,460 

Fifth birth and over 3,500+ 

6FJS!CATIONSOF 37 W2EXS AND OVES 

TOte.l 3]360


First birth 3,2s0


Secozd birth -------------------- 3,350 

15ird bh+h 3,3s0 

Fourth birth-------------------- 3,420 

Fifth birth end over------------ 3,500+ 

White 3,360


Firet birth--------------------- 3,290


Second birtb 3,360


Third birth--------------------- 3,400


Fourth birth-------------------- 3,440


Fifth birtb and over------------ 3,50ct


Nonwhite 3,310


First birth--------------------- 3;180


Second birth-------------------- 3,260


Third birth 3,310


Fourth birth-------------------- 3,370


Fifth birth and over------------ 3,4s0


1,501- 2,001- 2,501- ‘3,
oo1-
 or or


1% 2,000 2,500 less 3,000 3,500 more


100.0 7.1 2.7..7 33.9 62.6 17.4 12.9 6.9 

100.0 8.3 S1.o 54.6 64.0 19.6 I.1.l 5.3 

100.0 5.5 26.0 34.8 S8.3 16.1 13.2 4,4 

100.0 S.2 16.9 35,0 SO.2 1s.1 13.3 6.5 

100.0 6.6 19.9 33.6 60.2 14.6 15,5 9.7 

100.0 6.5 22.5 31.0 60.0 16.4 13.7 10.0 

100.0 0,2 1.7 5.5 10.7 18.5 33.7 37s 

100.0 0.3 2.2 I.1..o 13.4 22.3 36.0 2s.2 

100.0 0.2 1.7 9.3 SL.2 19.1 33.3 34.5 

100.0 0.3 1.6 5.2 10.1 17.8 32.5 39.6 

100,0 0.1 1.4 7.4 8.9 15.9 32.2 43,0 

100,0 0.2 1.1 5,8 7.1 3.3.5 29.8 49,6 

100,0 0.2 1.7 6.9 10.S ma 34.4 36.3. 

100.0 ,0.2 2.1 10.s 13.1 22.4 36.4 28.1 

100,0 0,2 1.7 9.0 10.9 19.0 36,0 34.1 

100.0 0.2 1.6 6.3 10.2 17.9 32.8 39.1 

100.0 0.1 1.5 7.9 9.5 16.3 32.7 41.5 

100.0 0.3 L .1 5,9 7,2 13.6 30.3 46.8 

100.0 0,3 1.7 8.4 lo,~ 17.3 31.2 41..2 

100.0 0.4 2.5 12,0 14.9 22.0 34.4 28.7 

100.0 0.3 1.7 10.7 12.7 19.3 31,5 36.5 

100.0 0.5 1.9 10.C L7.5 m..1 41..4 

100.0 0.2 1.0 H 7.1 L4.8 30.7 47,4 

100,0 0.1 1.1 5,6 6.~ 13.2 2S.9 51,1 

100.0 0.1 0.3 3.3 3.6 18.C 39.7 3S.8 

100.0 

100.0 0.1 

0.0 

0.3 

0.3 

3.9 

3.0 

4.2 

3.: W 

42.9 

40.6 

3)..6 

38.2 

“ 

100.0 0.0 0.3 2.9 3,3 16.5 3s.5 41.7 

100.0 0.1 0.3 3.0 3.: 15.4 36.6 44.5 

100.0 0.1 0.3 2.9 3.: 13.4 32.7 50.6 

100.0 0.0 0.3 3,0 3,4 17.4 40.C 39.2 

100.0 0,0 0.3 3.6 3,5 20.s 43.2 32,3 

100.0 0.0 0.2 2.8 3.1 l?.? 40,6 39.0 

100.0 0.0 0.3 2;7 3.C 15,$ 38.4 42,6 

100.0 0.0 0,3 2.8 3.1 L4.C 36.7 45,4 

100.0 0,0 0.3 2,7 3.( 12 J 32.7 51,5 

100.0 0.1 0.5 4.7 S,z 21..4 37.6 35,s 

100.0 0.l 0.6 6.6 i“ 2765 39.E 25.0 

100.0 0.1 0.5 4.7 ~:; 23.5 40.1 31.2 

100.0 0.1 0.4 4.2 4.C 20, $ 3s.5 33.9 

100.0 0.2 0.4 3.6 4.1 1s.2 37.5 40.2 

100.0 0.1 0.4 3.5 4.1 14.C 32.7 4s.5 

lComputedto nearest LO gram on basis of exact conversion of interval limits from pomds and ounces; see text.

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62 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

TABLE7. SINGIE LIVE BIRTRS BY BIRTR WEIGHT, PERIOD	OF GSSTATION,AGE OF MCTH6R, AND COIOR: UN150 STATES, JANUARY 1 TO 

MAWR 31, 1950 

(FisuIw fOr birt.b~iW, PCW1~Of ses*a*iOn,end ageof mother not stated= distributed. Excludes data for Me.ssschusetts)


BD?TR WEIGHT (in &s171S)


PERIOD OF GESTATION,AGE OF MOTE3R, TOtel
 AND COLOR 1,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,500 2,501- 3,001- 3,501


ALL GESTATIONGROUPS 

Total 820,618


Under 15 years 1,31..1 

15-19 yams 100,750 

20-24 ~=S------------------------------- 261,8S4 

25-29 yews 233,957 

30-34 yeas 136,103 

35-3S yeas 67,642 

40-44 ~ms------------------------------- 17,776 

45 years ad over 1,195 

White 702,966


Under 15 years 430


15-19 ~ws------------------------------- 75,591


20-24 yeas 223,407


25-29 yams 207,0S5


30-34 ~us------------------------------- 120,943


35-39 ~as------------------------------- 59,046


40-44 pros 15,504


45 years snd over 960


Nonwhite KL7,652


Under 15 years 881


15-19 ~ms------------------------------- 25,159


20-24 was------------------------------- 3s,477


25-29 ~~S------------------------------- 2S,872


30-34 ~as------------------------------- 15,160


35-39 pros 8,596


40-44 ~as------------------------------- 2,272


45 years end over 235


GESTATIONSUNDER 28 WREHS


or or or


less 2,000 2,500 leys 3,000 3,500 more


7,371 8,946 36,225 52,542 146,751 313,216 30s,109 

36 31 122 189 338 4sl 303 

1,127 1,526 5,700 8,353 20,839 39,884 31,674 < 2,293 2)779 11,829 16,901 49,924 103,581 91,478 

1,S64 2,179 9,284 13,327 40,3s3 90,085 90,182 

1,228 1,407 5>554 8,189 22,093 49,898 55,923 

643 780 2,914 4,337 10,435 23,160 29,710 

172 231 773 1,176 2,5S7 5,742 8>271 

8 13 49 70 172 385 568 

5,938 7,199 29,322 42,459 122,663 27L,274 266,570 

15 11 37 63 98 152 .117 771 1,007 3,761 5,539 14,715 30,643 24,694 

1,805 2,217 9,556 13,578 41,475 89,495 78,859 

1,567 1,866 7,852 Il.,385 3s,317 80,439 79,944 

1,070 1,223 4,817 7,1.1o 19,565 44,708 49,560 

555 674 2,494 3,723 9,087 20,460 25.776 

149 190 668 1,007 2,260 5,065 7;172 

6 l-l 37 54 146 312 448 

1,433 1,747 6,S03 10,0s3 24,0.98 41,942 41,539 

21 20 85 126 240 329 186 

356 519 1,939 2,814 6,124 9,241 6,980 

48S 562 2,273 3,323 8,449 14,0S6 12,619 

297 313 1,332 1,942 5,046 9,646 10,238 

158 184 737 1,079 2,526 5,190 6,363 

88 106 420 614 1,348 2,700 3,934 23 41 105 1s9 327 677 1,099 2 2 12 16 26 73 120


I 

ToteJ-------------------------------- 4,342
 3>670 321 80 4,071 70 99 102


Under 15 yews


15-19 ~as-------------------------------


20-24 ~8XS


25-29 ~SXS


30-34 yeas


35.39 yams


40-44 ~ms------------------------------


45 years and over


~ite


Under 16 yeas


15-19 ~us-------------------------------


20-24 ~~S-------------------------------


25-29 pas


30-34 ~ms------------------------------­


35-39 ~ms-------------------------------


40-44 pros


45 years end over


Nomhite


Under 15 WAS----------------------------


15-19 was------------------------------­


20-24 JZ!SrS


25-29 ye.SXS


30-34 ~ms


35-39 ~as-------------------------------


40-44 ~us


45 yesrs snd over


15 u 3 14 1 677 537 88 22 547 9 9 12 1,343 1,140 87 24 1>251 26 32 34 

1,103 923 68 19 1,010 24 33 36 714 634 44 8 686 s sl 9 

393 340 25 7 372 2 u 8 

8.9 81 3 54 1 2 1 9 4 3 7 2 

3,515 3,027 236 so 3,323 53 80 59 

7 7 7 

482 390 57 15 462 7 7 6 

1,071 919 68 21 1,008 19 26 18 912 777 56 14 847 19 25 21 

619 560 33 3 596 6 U 6 

336 297 17 7 321 1 9 5 

79 73 2 75 1 2 1 

9 4 3 7 2 

827 643 85 20 748 17 1s 43 

8 3 7 1 

195 14? 31 7 185 2 2 6 

272 221 19 3 243 7 6 16 

191 146 12 5 163 5 8 15 95 74 I.1 5 90 2 3 

57 43 8 51 1 2 3 9 8 1 9 
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Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 63 

TABLE 7. SINGLE LIVE BIRTHS BY BISTS WEIGST, FERIOD OF GESWIZON, AGZ OF MO’EER, AND COHX UNITED S3Y+lE3,JANUARY 1933


MARCR 31, 19S0-COntinued


(Figuresfor birth weight, pericda? gestation,snd sgeof mother not stateds..distributed. E021udes data for Mssmclmsetts)


m


msmom w zs-a mm


Ttltal


Under 15 pros


E-19 ~as-------------------------------


20-24 yeCi?7S -------------------------------


25-29 ~~s-------------------------------


30.34 yesrs -F----


33-.39yesrs ------------------.----.


4044 ~as------------------------------


45 yesrs snd over


mti--------------------------------


Un6.er15 wins


15.-19yesrs.-----------------------------­


20-24 ~ms-------------------------------


25-29 WAS-------------------------------


30.-34pas------------------------------­


35.39 yt?srs


4044 ~ws------------------------------


45 yesrs snd over


ITonwhite


Under 15 ~ms--------------------------­


15-19.~ms


20.24 JT?WS


25.29 ~S,S-------.-.-------.-.-.-------:.


30.34 Was--------------. -.-----------.-:


35-39 pus------------------------------


40-.44pus-------------------------------


45 yeers snd over


GW!A!CIONSOF 32-33 WEEKS


TOtsl.------------------------------


Under 15 ~~s----------------------------


15-19 ~us------------------------------­


20.24 ~ElrS


25-29 ~S,S


30-54 ~us------------------------------


35-39 ~us------------------------------­


40-44 ~ms-------------------------------


45 yesrs sad over--.--------p-------------


Whtte


Under 15 yesrs-­


15.-19~ms-------------------------------


20-24 yeSrS .-------------------+


25-29 ~“S?X .--------------------­


30-34 ~ws-------------------------------


35.39 ye~s


40-44 pas-------------------------------


45 yesrs and ma------------------------


NonwkWe


Under 15 ~ms----------------------------


15-19 pros


20-24 ~SIW


25-29 yews


30-34 ~ms------------------------------


35.-39pas------------------------------


4044 ~us-------------------------------


45 years snd oar-----------------------


BIRTS WEIGST(in gems) 

FESIOD OF EWZATIOIi,AGS OF MGT8ES, Total COIOR 1,500 2,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,501- 3,001- 3,501


or or


1:s 2,000 2,500 less 3,000 3,500
 more


6,697 2,277 2,1s4 1,327 5,788 390 268 251 

35 17 12 3 32 1 2 

1,243 362 429 270 1,0s1 S7 50 25 

2,133 713 6S3 431 l,S27 1S4 91 81 

1,536 563 475 295 1,333 69 61 73 

1,032 373 339 177 568 58 42 43 

537 178 1s3 103 466 29 21. 21 

175 50 60 46 156 10 1 8 

6 1 3 4 2 

5,277 1,786 1,716 1,037 4,539 33.3 a% 207 

16 6 6 2 14 

535 24’6 277 1S8 711 64 2 19 

1,s41 544 532 327 1,403 107 71 60 

1,274 469 393 243 1,105 54 4s 66 

900 329 299 3-48 776 52 35 37 

464 150 157 93 400 25 20 19 

142 42 42 36 3.27 9 6 

5 3 3 2 

1,420 491 46S 290 1,249 77 50 44 

19 u 6 1 18 1 -

408 136 152 82 370 23 9 

492 169 151 104 424 27 20 2; 

262 94 82 52 22s 15 12 7 

132 44 40 29 1.13 6 7 6 

73 2s 26 12 66 1 2 

33 8 p 10 29 ; 1 2 

1 1 1 

15>206 910 3,U6 5,11.3 9,139 3,K.O 1,939 1,00s 

45 6 8 18 32 s 

2,460 135 4ss 838 1,471 54s 30: 13; 

4$s44 26S 974 1,656 2,898 1,005 648 293 

3,835 255 779 1,252 2,2S6 782 504 2S3 

2,432 150 507 799 1,456 4s0 301 195 

1,238 70 2S7 432 789 23L 128 91 

332. 25 60 11.3 198 63 44 26 

20 1 3 5 9 6 3 2 

12,929 748 2,623. 4,340 7,709 2,723 1,646 S51 

17 1 2 10 13 2 1 1 

1,865 97 356 628 l,osl 427 250 107 

4,07s 217 617 1,382 2,426 871 534 247 

3,366 as 6S4 1,108 2,010 703 429 224 

2,191 132 451 720 1,303 449 274 165 

1,102 62 254 379 695 212 SL.4 sl 

292 20 55 9s 173 54 $tl 24 

1s 1 2 5 8 5 3 2 

2,277 162 495 773 1,430 397 293 1.57 

2s 5 6 8 19 6 ‘2 1 

595 3s 142 210 390 1.18 58 29 

766 51 157 264 472 134 IJ.4 46 

469 37 95 MA 276 79 75 

?’il 1s 56 79 153 31 27 E 

137 s 33 53 94 19 14 10 

39 5 5 15 25 9 3 2 

2 1 1 1 
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64 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

TABLS 7. SINGE LZVE B13W’E8 BY RIRT8 WEIGHT, PERIOD OF GFSTA!ITIN,
AGE OF MOTE3R, AND COLOR: Ui%tTEOSTA52S, JANUARY 1 ‘TO


MAWS 31, 1950—COntinued


(Fi6uJ=sfOr bir~ wei~t, pericdOf gestation,and ageofmother not statedaredistributed. Ecciudes data for Massachusetts)


BISTS WEIGRT (in grems)


PEiIOD OF @3TATTON, AGE OF MO’JKER,


AND COIJ3R 1,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,500 2,501- 3,001- 3,501


or or or 

lew 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 lesB more 

GESTATIONSOF 36 UE2KS


Total 68,658 150 1,164 6,015 7,329 12,676 23,151 25,502 

Under 15 VWS----------. ---— 164 23 26 53 50 35 15-19 yesr6-- 10,273 M 19; 982 1,197 2,192 3>630 3,254 ,, 20-24 yfJwS 22,077 55 355 1,954 2>364 4,256 7,757 7,700 25-29 years---- . 17,s74 37 292 1,483 1,812 3,192 5,998 6,872 30-34 yeas------------------— 10,636 20 18S 92S 1,136 1,805 3,440 4,255 35-39 ~as------------------------------- S,812 15 103 510 628 896 1,746 2,542 40-44 pas------------------------------- 1,699 4 26 126 156 262 490 791 45 years and over-- 123 1 9 10 20 40 53 

white 54,056 108 923 4>7ss 5,819 10,153 18,593 19,491 

Under 15 ~we--------------------------- 51 2 5 7 18 12 14 15-19 ~ms------------------------------- 7,147 7 131 635 773 1,521 2,624 2,22s 20-24 Ems 17,341 34 279 1,550 1,S63 3,385 6,267 5,826 25.29 ye132%------------------------------- 14$626 34 246 1,254 1,534 2,717 4,990 5,385 30-34 ~ms------------------------------- 8,744 14 160 s13 987 1,522 2,833 3>402 35-39 ~ma------------------------------- 4,677 15 S3 421 319 754 1,441 1,963 40-44 ~ws------------------------------- 1,374 3 22 105 130 217 395 632 45 yesxs snd over ------------------------- 96 1 5 6 19 31 40 

Nonwhite 14,602 42 241 1,227 1,510 2>523 4,558 6,01J 

Under 15 yesrB --:--------------------- 113 1 m 19 35 38 21 15-19 ~as------------------------------- 3,126 u 66 34’7 424 671 1,006 1,025 20-24 PWS------------------------------- 4,736 21 76 404 501 871 1.,490 1,874 25-29 wins 3,24f3 3 46 229 278 475 1,008 1>487 30-34 ~as------------------------------- 1,892 6 2s 115 149 283 607 S53 

35-3S y’etwB 1,135 20 89 109 142 305 579 

40-44 ~ms------------------------------- 325 1 4 21 26 45 95 159 45 yesx,gand over ------------------------- 27 4 4 1 9 13 

GESTATIONSOF 37 WEEKS ~ OVER 

mad------------------------------- 364 2,161 23,690 26,215 130,495 287,759 281,246 

Under 15 pus 1,052 2 5 7s 85 276 425 266 

15-19 ~us------------------------------- S6,097 55 31.4 3,58s 3,957 18,006 35,ss7 28,247 20-24 ~~s 231,4S7 117 680 7,764 S,561 44,503 95,053 83)370 

25-29 PEE------------------------------- 209,609 86 565 6>235 6,ss6 36,236 83,489 S2,938 30-34 ~me------------------------------- 121,2S9 51 329 3,642 4,022 19,742 46,104 51.,421 35-39 ~as------------------------------- 59,661 40 1s2 1,S60 2,082 9,277 21,254 27,048 40-44 ~ms------------------------------- 15,4S3 12 82 488 582 2,251 5,205 7,445 45 yeem and war------------------------- 1,037 1 4 35 40 144 342 511 

White 627,189 269 1,703 19,097 21,069 109,421 250,737 245,962 

Under 15 ~=s---------------------------- 339 1 1 20 22 7s 137 102 15-19 y-ewe 65,262 31 186 2,295 2,512 12>696 27,721 22,333 20.24 JEwzY4------------------------------- 199,276 91 521 6,266 6,878 37,093 82>597 72,708 25-29 was------------------------------- 1S6,907 69 487 5,333 5,889 31.,824 74,946 74,24S 

30-34 pros---. -----d 10S,489 35 280 3,133 3,448 17,536 41,555 45,s50 35-39 yeas----. —------------------------ 52,467 163 1,594 1,788 8,095 18,876 23,708 40-44 ~ws------------------------------- 13,617 2 62 429 502 1,979 4,627 6.509 45 years @ oar------------------------- 832 3 27 30 120 27S -404 

Nonwhite 98,526 95 458 4,593 5,146 21,074 37,022 35,284 

Under 15 p-e---------------------------- 715 1 5s 63 198 28S 164 

15-19 ~mB------------------------------- 20,835 24 12: 1,293 1,445 5,310 S,166 5,914 

20-24 ~slll 32,211 26 159 1,49s 1,683 7,410 12,456 10,662 25.29 FWS------------------------------- 22,702 17 78 902 997 4,472 8,543 8,690 

30-34 pm6------------------------------- 12,800 16 49 509 574 2,206 4,549 5,471 

35-39 ~ms------------------------------- 7,194 9 19 266 294 1,182 2,378 3,340 40-44 yeas 1,866 1 20 59 80 272 578 936 

45 years and over------------------------- 205 1 1 s 10 24 64 107 

725,715

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Vol. 47,’ No. 2 WEIGHT AT BLRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 65 

TABLF8. FERC3N’I!MXDISTRIBUTIONOF KD?GIE LIVE BEUE3 BY BIRTH WEIGHT, BY FERIOD CE GESTATION, M OF MX?SER, AND COIOR: 

UNI!E3DST&CES, JANUARY 1 TO MARCH 31, 1950 

(itWureSfor birth weight, period of gestation, and sge of mother not stated are distributed. Figures for ass of mother under 1.5years ad 45 years td over are not shown “separately,but de ticluaea in totals for groups. Iixcluaesdata for 

Massachusetts. Two dots (.. ) indicate percent or median not computed where base is less thm 100) 

!dian BIRTS WEIGRT (in .srsms) 

PERIOD OF GESTATION,AGE OF MCWZR, dND eight Total
 COLOR (in


isms)= 

1,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,500 2,501- 3,001- 3,501


or or


1:s 2,000 2,500 less 3,000 3,500
 more


ALL EESTATION GROUFS


Total 3,330 100.0 0.9 1.1 4.4 6.4 17.9 38.2 37.5 

15S9 years 3,2S0 100.0 1.1 1.5 5.7 8.3 20.7 39.6 3L4 

20-24 WSH------------------------------ 3,310 100.0 0.9 1.1 4.5 6.5, 19.1 39.6 34.9 

25-29 years------------------------------ 3,350 100.0 0.8 0.3 4.0 5.7 17.3 38.5 38.5 

30-34 years 3,380 100.0 0.9 1.0 4.1 6.0 16.2 36.7 K1.1 

35-39 years------------------------------

40-44 Years------------------------------

3,410 

3,450 

100.0 

100.0 1.0 

1.0 

1.2 

1.3 

4.3 

4.3 

6.4 

6.6 

X5.4 

14.6 

34.2 

52.3 

43.9 

46.5 

white-------------------------------- 3,340 100.0 0.8 1.0 4.2 6.0 17.4 38.6 37.9 

15-19 years 3,280 100.0 1.0 1.3 5.0 7.3 19.5 40.5 32.7 

20.24 years------------------------------ 3,310 100.0 0.8 1.0 4.3 6.1 1S.6 40.1 35.3 

25-29 years----------------------—------ 3,350 100.0 0.8 0.9 3.s 5.5 3-7.1 3S.8 38.6 

30-34 years-, 3,380 100.0 0.9 1.0 4.0 5.9 16.2 37.0 41..O 

3539 years 3,4J.O 100.0 0.9 1.1 4.2 6.3 15.4 34.7 43.7 

40-44 years------------------------------ 3,440 100.0 1.0 1.2 4.3 6.5 14.6 32;7 46.3 

Nonwhite 3,290 100.0 1.2 1.5 5.9 8.6 20.5 35.6 35.3 

15-I.9years 

20-24 years------------------------------

25-29 years------------------------------

3,190 

3,260 

3,330 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

1.4 

1.3 

1.1 

2.1 

1.5 

1.2 

7.7 

5:9 

5.0 

U.2 

8.6 

7.2 

24.3 

22.0 

18.8 

36.7 

36.6 

35.9 

27.7 

32.S 

38.1 

30-34 Years 3,380 100.0 1.0 1.2 4.9 7.1 16.7 34.2 42.0 

35-39 Yeses------------------------------ 3,430 100.0 1.0 1.2 4.9 7.1 15.7 31.4 45.8 

40-44 years 3,470 100.0 1.0 1.8 4.6 7.4 14.4 29.8 48.4 

GESTATIONSUNDER 28 _


890 100.0 S4.5 7.4 1.8 93.8 1.6 2.3 2.3 

15-19 years------------------------------ 1,060 100.0 79.3 13.o 3.2 95.6 1.3 1.3 1.8 

20-24 years 900 100.0 S4.9 6.5 3-.8 93.1 1.9 2.4 2.5 

25-29 years 850 100.0 S3.7 6.2 1.7 91.6 2.2 3.0 3.3 

30-34 years------------------------------ 820 100.0 88.0 6.2 1.1 96.1 1.1 1.5 1.3 

33-39 years 840 100.0 86.5 6.4 1.8 94.7 0.5 2.8 2.0 

40-44 years .. .. .. .. 0 .. .. .. .. 

white 870 100.0 86.1 6.7 1.7 94.5 1.5 2.3 1.7 

M-19 years------------------------------ 1,020 100.0 80.9 IL8 3.1 85.9 1.5 1.5 1.2 

20-24 y&LIY3------------------—---------- 890 100.0 S5.8 6.3 2.0 94.1 1.8 2.4 3-.7 

25-29 years------------------------------ 840 100.0 63.2 6.1 1.5 82.9 2.1 2.7 2.3 

30-34 years 800 100.0 90.5 5.3 0.5 96.3 1.0 1.8 1.0 

35-39 years 820 100.0 88.4 5.1 2.1 95.5 0.3 2.7 1.5 

40-44 years .. .. .. .. 0 .. .. .. .. 

Iionwbite----------------------------- 990 2.00.0 77.0 10.3 2.4 90.4 2.1 2.3 5.2 

15-19 years 1,140 100.0 75.4 15.9 3.6 94.9 1.0 1.0 3.1 

20-24 years------------------------------ 940 100.0 81.3 7.0 1.1 89.3 2.6 2.2 5.9 

25-29 ~=S 900 100.0 76.4 6.3 2.6 63.3 2.6 4.2 7.9 

30-34 yeses .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0 .. 

35-39 years .. .. .. .. 0 .. .. .. .. 

40-44 years------------------------------ .. .. .. .. c .. 0 0 0 

lcomputeato ths nearest 10 grams on basis of exact conversion of interval 13mits from pounds ad ounces; see text.


‘In computing the median birth weights for this group, data were also available for weight ETOUP 1,WCI grams or k ss.

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66 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

TARLE8. PERCENTAGEDISTRIBUTIONOF SINGIl LIYE BIFlT3SBY BIF?CRWEIGKT, BY PERIOD OF GESTATION,AGE OF MOTRER, AND COLOR: 

UNI’lXDSTA!LES,JANOARY 1 TO MARCH 31, 1950—Continued 

(See headnote on p. 65)


fedian BIRTH WEIGRT (in grsms)


FERIOD OF GESTATION,AGE OF MOl?KER,AND (eight mtal
 COLOR (in


gmms)l 

1,500 1,501- 2,001- 2,500 2,501- 3,001- 3,501


or or
 2,000 2,500 1% 3,000 3,500
 less more


GESTA3?IONSOF 28-31 WFXKS 

Total 1,740 100.0 34.0 32.6 19.8 86.4 5.8 4.0 3.7 

1.5-19yeas 1,770 100.0 30.7 34.5 21.7 87.0 7.0 4.0 2.0 20-24 Yc3S,I%------------------------------- 1,750 100.0 33.4 32.0 20.2 85.7 6.3 4.3 3,6 25-29 ye~S 1,710 100.0 36.7 30.9 19.2 ,86.8 4,5 4.0 4.6 

30-34 years 1,700 100.0 36.1 32.S 17.2 86.1 5.6 4.1 4.2 

35-39 yams 1,740 100.0 33.1 34.1 19.6 86.S 5.4 3.9 3.9 40-44 yams 1,alo 100.0 28.6 34.3 26.3 89.1 5.7 0.6 4.6 

White 1,740 100.0 33.6 32.5 19.7 66.0 5.9 4.1 3.9 

15-19 yams 1>800 100.0 29.5 33.2 22.5 85.1 7.7 4.9 2.3 20-24 yams 1,750 100.0 33.2 32.4 19.9 85.5 6:5 4.3 3.7 

25-29 years 1,710 100.0 36.8 30.8 19.1 86.7 4.2 3.8 5.2 30-34 pars 1,690 100.0 36.6 33.2 L6.4 86.2 5.8 3.9 4.1 

35-39 years—---------------------------- 1,750 100.0 32.3 33.8 20.0 86.2 5.4 4.3 4.1 40-44 yams 1,790 100.0 29.6 34.5 25.4 89.4 6.3 0 4.2 

Nonwhite 1,730 100.0 34.6 33.0 20.4 88.0 5.4 3.5 3.1 

15-19 yeas 1,720 100.0 33.3 37.3 20.1 90.7 5.6 2.2 1.5 20-24 ye~s 1,750 100.0 34.3 30.7 21.1 86.2 5.5 4.1 4.3 25-29 ~ars 1,720 100.0 35.9 31.3 19.f3 87.0 5.7 4.6 2.7 30-34 pas 1,770 100.0 33.3 30.3 22.0 85.6 4.5 5.3 4.5 3539 ~ars .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 40-44 was ., .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 

GESTATIONSOF 32-35 WEEKS


!btal 2,360 100.0 6.0 20.5 33.6 60.1 20.5 12.8 6.6 

1.5-19~as------------------------------ 2,360 100.0 5.5 20.2 34.1 59.6 22.2 12.5 5.5 20-24 yams 2,360 100.0 5.5 20.1 34.2 59.8 20.7 13.4 6.0 25-29 yams 2,360 100.0 6.6 20.3 32.6 59.6 20.4 13.1 6.9 30-34 yams 2,360 100.0 6.2 20.8 32.9 59.9 19.7 12.4 8.0 35-39 yeas 2,310 100.0 5.6 23.2 34.9 63.7 1S.6 10.3 7.3 40-44 yams 2,360 100.0 7.6 18.1 34.1 59.8 19.0 13.3 7.9 

White 2,360 100.0 5.8 20.3 33.6 59.6 21.1 12.7 6.6 

15-19 years 2,390 100.0 5.2 19.1 33.-? 58.0 22.9 13.4 5.7 

20-24 ye~S 2,370 100.0 5.3 20.0 34.1 59.5 21.4 13.1 6.1 25-29 wars 2,360 100.0 6.5 20.3 32.9 59.7 20.9 12.7 6.7 30-34 pros 2,360 100.0 6.0 20.6 32.9 59.5 20.5 12.5 7.5 35-39 yews 2,320 100.0 5.6 23.0 34.4 63.1 19.2 10.3 7.4 40-44 yams 2,370 100.0 6.8 16.6 33.6 59.2 18.5 14.0 8.2 

Nonwhite 2,320 100.0 7.1 21.7 33.9 62.8 17.4 12.9 6.9 

15-19 yams 2,260 100.0 6.4 23.9 35.3 65.5 19.8 9.7 4.9 

20-24 years 2,340 100.0 6.7 20.5 34.5 61.6 17.5 14.9 6.0 25-29 years 2,360 100.0 7.9 20.3 30.7 5S.8 16.8 16.0 8.3 30-34 was------------------------------ 2,300 100.0 7.5 23.2 32.6 63.5 12.9 U-.2 12.4 

35-39 years 2,2,60 100.0 5.8 24.1 3s.7 68.6 13.9 10.2 7.3 40-44 yeas .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ., 

lCmputed to the nearest 10 grsm on basis of exact conversionof interval limits from pounds and ounces; see text.

.

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. . . ,.. .. 

,, 

Vol. 47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTRER 67 

TAUE 8. FERCENJXE8 DISTK!3UTIONOF SINGIE LTVE BIRTSS BY BIRTS WEIGST, BY FERIOD C@ GESTATION,AGI OF MOT6ER, AND COLOR:


UNITED STATES, JANUARY 1 TO MAWS 31, 1950-Continued


(Seeheadnote on p. 65)


15-19 years----------------------------- 3,240 100.0 

F1.9 9.6 11..7 21.3 35.3 31.7 

20-24 years 3,280 100.0 0.2 1.6 8.9 10.7 19.3 35.1 34.9 25-29 ~SXS 3,330 100.0 0.2 1.6 8.3 10.1 17.9 33.6 38.4 

30-34 years 3,340 100.0 0.2 l.e 8.7 10.7 17.0 32.3 40.0 

35-39 years—---------------------------- 3,390 100.0 0.3 1.8 8.8 10.8 15.4 30.0 43.7 40-44 years ------------------------------ 3,440 100.0 0.2 1.5 7.4 9.2 15.4 28.8 46.6 

White 3,290 100.0 0.2 1.7 8.9 10.8 18.8 34.4 36.1 

15-TL9years 3,240 100.0 0.1 1.8 8.9 10.8 21.3 36.7 31.2 

20-24 years 3,270 100.0 0.2 1.6 8.9 1o.7 19.5 36.1 33.6 

25-29 YL3SM 3,300 100.0 0.2 1.7 8.6 10.5 18.6 34.1 36.8 30-34 years------------------------------ 3,330 100.0 0.2 1.8 9.3 11.3 17.4 32.4 38.9 35-39 yesls------------------------------ 3,370 100.0 0.3 1.8 9.0 U .1 16.1 30.8 42.0 40-44 ~as--— 3,430 100.0 0.2 1.6 7.6 9.5 1.5.8 28.7 46.0 

Nonwhite 3,360 100.0 0.3 1.7 8.4 10.3 17.3 31.2 La.2 

15-19 years 3,230 100.0 0.4 2.1 n .1 13.6 21.5 32.2 32.8 

20-24 yeses 3,330 100.0 0.4 1.6 8.5 10.6 18.4 31.5 39.6 

25-29 y@=S— 3,430 100.0 0.1 1.4 7.1 8.6 14.6 31.0 45.8 

3044 years 3,420 100.0 0.3 1.5 6.1 7.9 15.0 32.1 45.1 

3539 years------------------------------ 3,500+ 100.0 0 1.8 7.8 9.6 12.5 26.9 51.0 

40-44 y-ems 3,480 100.0 0.3 1.2 6.5 8.0 13.8 29.2 48.9 

Maim Bmrs tiIGRT (in SXm ) 

PERIOD OF GESTATION,AGS OF MOT!H8R,AND Wsight Total ~~oo COLOR (in >

grams)l or 1,501- ‘2,001. 2,500 2,501- 3,001- 3,501 

or or


less 2,000 2,500 less 3,000 3,500 moz


GESTATIONSOF 36 WEEKS


TOtsl 3,33-0 100.0 0.2 1.7 8.8 10.7 18.5 33.7 37.1 . — 

0.2


G3SJ!ATIONSOF 37 WEEKS AND OVER


Total---------------— 3,360 100.0 0.1 0.3 3.3 3.6 L9.o 39.7 38.8 

15-19 years 3,290 100.0 0.1 0.4 4.2 4.6 20.9 41.7 32.8 20-24 ~~S------------------------------ 3,330 100.0 0.1 0.3 3.4 3.7 19.2 41.1 36.0 

25-29 years--—------ —------------------ 3,370 100.0 0.0 0.3 3.0 3.3 17.3 39.8 39.6 

30-34 Years 3,400 100.0 0.0 0.3 3.0 3.3 16.3 38:0 42.4 

35-39 years------------------------------ 3,430 100.0 0.1 0.3 3.1 3.5 X5.5 35.6 45.3 

40-44 pros 3,470 100.0 0.1 0.5 3.2 3.8 14.5 33.6 48.1 

Witi 3,360 100.0 0.0 0.3 3.0 3.4 17.4 40.0 39.2 

15-19 yeers------------------------------ 3,310 100.0 0.0 0.3 3.5 3.8 19.5 42.5 3L.2 

20-24 yetUS 3,330 100.0 0.0 0.3 3.1 3.5 18.6 41.4 36.5 

25-29 ~SrS 3,370 100.0 0.0 0.3 2.9 3.2 17.0 40.1 39.7 

3034 yeses-----------------— 3,400 100.0 0.0 0.3 2.9 3.2 16.2 38.3 42.4 

X5-39 years------------------------------ 3>430 100.0 0.1 0.3 3.0 3.4 15.4 36.0 45.2 

40-44 years------------------------------ 3,470 100.0 0.1 0.5 3.2 3.7 14.5 34.0 47.8 

Nonwhite 3,310 100.0 0.1 0.5 4.7 5.2 21.4 37.6 35.8 

15-19 years------------------------------ 3,220 100.0 0.1 0.6 6.2 6.9 25.5 39.2 28.4 

20-24 years 3,280 100.0 0.1 0.5. 4.7 5.2 23.0 38.7 33.1 

25-29 years------------------------------ 3,340 100.0 0.1 0.3 4.0 4.4 19.7 37.6 38.3 

50-34 years------------------------------ 3,400 100.0 0.1 0.4 4.0 4.5 17.2 35.5 42.7 

33-39 years------------------------------ 3,450 100.0 0.1 0.3 3.7 4.1 16.4 33.1 46.4 

40-44 years------------------------------ 3,500.I 100.0 0.1 1.1 3.2 4.3 14.6 31.o 50.2 

‘Computed to the nearest 10 gmms cm basis of exact conversionof interval limits from pounds snd ounces; see text.

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68 VITAL STATISTICS-SPECIAL REPORTS 

TABLE 9. S~GLE LIVE BIRTHS BY BISTS WEIGET, TOTAIL-BIIWSOBIIER,OU’NOMI OF PREVIOUS DELlX8iWiS,AND COT-OR: UNIIMl STA!EZS,


JANUARY 1 TO MARCH 31, 1950


(Total-birthorder refers to number of childrenever born to mother, includingfetal deaths. Figuresforbirth weight and
 birth order not stated are distributed. Excludes data for Massachusetts)


BD.TE WEIGET (in grams)


TOTAL-BIRTHORDER, 0UTCOM8 OF PFXVIOUS Total DF,LIVEP.DZS,AND CODJR 1,000 1,oaL- 1,501- 2,001- 2,500 2,501- 3,001- 4,501 

or or Es 1,500 2,000 2,500 less 3,000, 4,500 more 

AIL BIRTS ORDERS 120,618 

No previous fetal death ’86,006


Prsvious fetal death 34,610


white--------------------------------‘02,966


No previous fetal death ;77,669


Previous fetal death 25,297


Nonwhite--— 17,652


No previous fetal death .06,339


Previous fetal death 9,313


First birth order :59,142


White--------------------------------~29,729


Nonwhite 29,413


Second birth order 146,740


No pretious fetal death 141,048


Previous fetal death--------------------- 5,692


White--------------------------------?20,772


No previous fetal death ?16,028


Prewious fetal death 4,744


Nonwhite 25,96s


NO previous fetal death 25,020


Previous fetal death 948


Tnird birth order L39,622~


No previous fetal death L31,616


Pretious fetal death 6,006


white L20,526


No pretious fetal death U3, 934


Pretious fetal death 6)582


Nonwhite 19,096


No previous fetal death 17,662


Pretious fetal death 1,414


Fourth birth order 70,222


No previous fetal death 64,229


Pretious fetal death 5,993


White 57,615


No previous fetal death 52,979


Previous”fetal death--------------------- 4,6.36


Nonwhite 1.2.,607


No previous fetal death lJ-,250


Pretious fetal death 1,557


Fifth birth order and over L04,8S2


No previous fetal death 89,973


previous fetal death--------------------- 14,919


White-------------------------------- 74,324


No previou~ fetal death 64,999


Pretious fetal death 9,325


Nonwhite 30,568


No previous fetal death 24,974


Previous fetal death 5,594


3.243 4,126 “8.946 36,225 52.542 46,751 ;03,877 17,448 

2,880 3,747 8,297 34,154 49,078 40,512 $80,140 16,278 

363 361 649 2,071 3,464 6,239 23,737 1,170 

2,630 3,306 7,199 29,322 42,459 22,663 j24,985 12,S59 

2,355 3,021 6,720 27,840 39,936 18,220 j07,344 12,169 

275 287 479 1,482 2,523 4,443 17,641 690 

613 620 1,747 6,903 10,0s3 24,088 76,8S2 4,5s9 ~ 

525 726 1,577 6,314 9,142 22,292 72,796 4,109 

86 94 170 5s9 9KL 1,796 6,096 480 

1,025 1,375 3,152. 13,472 19,024 54,754 L83,182 2,182 

854 1,123 2,593 SL,109 1.5,679 46,961 L65,34S 1,741 

171 252 559 2,363 3,345 7,793 17,834 441 

849 1,132 2,505 10,232 14,718 44,097 L84,122 3,803 

785 1,071 2,384 9,678 14,KL8 42,660 L80,347 3,723 

64 61 121 354 600 1,237 3,775 80 

718 938 2,061 8,624 12,361 3S,253 L67,000 3,158 

673 888 1,977 8,354 il.,8S2 37,268 L63,772 3,096 

45 50 104 270 469 985 3,228 62 

131 194 424 1,608 2,357 5,644 17)122 645 

m?, 183 407 1,524 2,226 5,592 16,575 627 

19 U 17 84 131 252 547 18 

616, 6S2 1,390 5,596 6,294 23,095 105,072 3,161 

525. 5s5 1,240 5,097 7,457 21,503 99,629 3,027 

91 97 1.50 499 837 1,592 5,443 134 

516 572 l,la 4,580 6,809 1S,242 S1,988 2,487 

437 494 1,Ols 4,17s 6,124 l?,976 87,450 2,382 

79 78 126 402 685 1,264 4,536 105 

100 120 24S 1,016 1,485 3,853 13,084 674 

88 101 225 919 1,333 3,525 12,179 645 12 19 24 S7 152 528 905 29 

295 370 729 2,871 4,265 10,762 52,989 2,176 

225 290 631 2,506 3,652 9,6S9 48,843 2,035 

70 80 98 365 613 1,093 4,146’ 141 

226 277 590 2,291 3,3s4 8,594 44,021 1,616 

175 219 509 2,01.5 2,918 7,783 40,752 1,526 

51 56 81 276 466 3,269 90 

69 93 139 560 Ssl 2,198 8,968 560 

50 71 122 491 734 1,916 8,091 509 

19 22 17 69 147 282 877 51 

458 55s 1,170 4,054 6,241 14,013 78,512 6,126 

320 416 8s0 3,201 4,827 Il.,696 68,137 5,313 

138 143 280 853 1.,414 2,317 10,375 8X5 

316 398 794 2,718 4,226 9,613 56,628 3,657 

216 297 626 2,184 3,323 8,230 50,021 3,425 

100 101 168 534 903 1,383 6,607 432 

142 161 376 1,336 2,015 4,400 21,884 2,269


104 119 264 1,017 1,504 3,466 18,116 1,888


38 42 112 319 51.1 934 3,768 381

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,- . . . .; 

vol.47, No. 2 WEIGHT AT BIRTH BY AGE OF MOTHER 69 

TK61E 10. PERCENTAGEDISTRIBUTIONOF SINGLE LIVE BIRTHSBY BIRTR WEIGRT,BY TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER, OUTCOMEOFPPWIOUS ~IVERIES,


AND COLOR UNITED SWD3S, JANUARY 1933 MARCR 31, 1950


(T.otel-birth orderrefersto number of children ewr bornto mother,including
fetaldeaths.Pigqesforbirthweightand


birthordernot statedaredistributed. Ilxcludes
 dataforMassachusetts)


BD.TRWEIGHT(ingsms)


TOTAL-BIRTH ORDER, OUTCOME OF PFEVIOUS
 !cOtel DEHVERIES, AND COLOR 1,000 1,oo1- 1,501- 2,001- 2,500 2,501- 3,001- 4,501 

or or 

less 1,500 2,000 2,500 12s 3,000 4,500 more 

AIL BIRTH ORDERS 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.1 4.4 6.4 17.9 73.6 2.1 

—.


No previous fetel death 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.1 4.3 6.2 17.9 73.8 2.1 

Pretious fetal death--------------------- 100.0 1.0 1.1 1.9 6.0 10.0 1s.0 66.6 3.4 

White-------------------------------- 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.0 4.2 6.0 17.4 74.7 1.6 

No pretiousfetaldeath 100.0 0.3 0.4 1.0 4.1 5.9 17.4 74.9 1.8 

Previousfeteldeath~--------------------
 100.0 1.1 1.1 1.9 5.9 10.0 17.6 69.7 2.7

Nonwhite 100.0 0.5 0.7 1.5 5.9 S.6 20.5 67.1 3,9 

No previousfetaldeath 100.0 0.5 0.7 1.5 5.s 8.4 20.6 67.2 3.8 

Pretious
fet~ death 100.0 0.9 1.0 1.s 6.3 10.1 19’.3 65.5 5.2

No previous

Pirstbirthorder 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.2 5.2 7.3 21.1 70.7 0.8 

~ite 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.1 4.s 6.S 20.4 72.0 0.8 

Nonwhite 100.0 0.6 0.9 1.9 8.0 1.1.4 26.5 60.6 1.5 

Secondbirthoffer 100.0 0.3 0:5 1.0 4.1 6.0 17.9 74.6 1.5 

fetal. death 100.O 0.3 0.4 1.0 4,1 5.9 L7.6 74.8 1,5

Previousfet.el
 death 100.O 1.1 1.1 2.1 6.2 Loas 21.7 66.3 1.4

White 100.0 0.3 0.4 0.9 3.9 5.6 17.3 75.6 1.4 

No previous fetal death 100.0 0.3 0.9 3.9 5.5 17.3 75.8 1.4 

PrewSous feteldeath 100.0 0.9 !:; 2.2 5,7 9,9 20.6 66.0 1.3 

Nonwhite 100.0 0.5 0.7 1.6 6.2 9.1 22.5 65.9 2.5 

No pretiouefeteldeath 100.0 0.4 1.6 6.1 S,9 22.4 66.2 2.5 

Previousfete3death 100.0 2.0 ::1 1.6 8.9 13.6 26.6 57.7 1.9 

Thirdbirthorder 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.0 4,0 5.9 16.5 75.3 2.3 

No previouefetal. death 100,0 0.5 0,9 5.7 16.3 75.7 

Prewi.oue fetel death 100.0 ::: 1.2 1.9 ;:: 10.5 19.9 66.0 ;:; 

White 100.0 0.4 0.5 0.9 3.8 5.6 16.0 76.3 2.1


No pretiousfetal.
 death 100.0 0,4 0.4 3.7 5.4 1.5.6 76.8 2.1


Previousfeteldeath 100.0 1.2 1.2 ::: 6.1 10.4 19.2 66.8 1.6


Nonwhite 100.0 0,5 0.6 1.3 5.3 7.6 20,2 68.5 3.5


No previousfeteldeath.
................. 100.0 0.5 0.6 1,3 5.2 7.5 19.9 66.6 3.6


feteldeath 100.0 0.8 1.3 1.7 6.9 10.7 23.2 64.0 2.1 

Fwth birthorder 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.0 4.1 .6.1 15.4 75.5 3.1 

No pretiousfeteldeath 100.0 0.4 0.5 1,0 3,9 5.7 76.0 3.2 

PrewLousfete3death 100.0 1.2 1.3 1.6 6.1 10.2 w 69.2 2.4 

White 100.0 0.4 0..s 1.0 4.0 5.9 “14.9 76.4 2.6 

PrewLou6


No pretiousfetal. 100.0 0.3 0.4 l.O . 3.6 5.5 14.7 76.9 2.9 

Previousfeteldeath 100.0 1.1 L.3 1.7 6.0 10.1 17.5 70.5 1.9. 

Nonwhite 100,0 0.5 0.7 1,1 4.6 7.0 17.4 71.1 4.4 

No pretiousfetaldeath 100.0 0.6 1.1 4.4 6.5 17.0 71.9 4.5 

Previousfetsldeath 100.0 ::; 1.6 1.3 6.6 10.8 20.8 64.6 3.8 

Fifthbirthorderandcwer 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.1 3.9 5.9 13.4 74,9 5.8 

‘ No previousfetaldeath 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.0 3.6 5.4 13.0 75.7 5.9 

Previousfetaldeath 100.0 0.9 1.0 1,9 5.7 9.5 1.3.5 69.5 5.4 

White 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.1 3,7 5.7 12.9 76.2 5.2 

No previousfeteldeath 100.0 0.3 0.5 1.0 3.4 5.1 12.7 77.0 5.3 

Pretiousfetsldeath 100.0 1.1 1.1 1.6 5.7 9.7 14.8 70.9 4.6 

Nomhite 100.0 0.5 0.5 1.2 4.4 6.6 14.4 71.6 7.4 

No pretiousfeteldeath 100.0 0.4 0.5 1.1 4.1 6.0 IL 9 72.5 7.6 

Pretiousfetsldeath 100.0 0.7 0.8 2.0 5.7 9.1 16.7 67.4 6.8 

death------------------

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TABLE 11. DFJTRS UNDER 28 DAYS AMONG SINGLE LIVE BIRTRS BY BIRfR W3ZGRT, AGE, TO’J!AL-BIFU’R ORDER, OUTCOME OF PREVIOUS DEKWERIF.S, AND COIJ3R
: UNITED STATES, 

JANUARY 1 TO MARCR 31, 1950 

(Includes deaths smong children born Jan. 1 to Mar. 31, 1950. TWmJ.-birth order refers to number of children ever born ta mother, includins fetal deaths.


IY.guresfor birth weight and birth order not stated are distributed. Excludes data for Massachusetts)


BIIU2RWEXGRT 2,500 GP.AM3OR LE8S BIR2R WEIGRT 2,501 GRAk5 OR MORE


!futal


TOPAL-BIBTR ORDER, OUTCOME OF deaths Age at death Age at death under PREVIOUS DELIVERIES, AND COLOR 28 7Wml !btd. days Under 1-23 Under 1-6 7-27 Under 1-23 Under 1-6 7-27 1 1 1 1


r hour hours day days days hour hours day days days


11— AIL BIm!R oRDms I-5,049 9,109 973 4,149 5,122 3,1s0 807 5,940 549 1,483 2,032 2,526 1,382


No previous fetal death------------ 13,811. 8,286 877 3,741 4,618 2>932 736 5,525 503 1,364 1,867 2,358 1,300 

Previous fetal.death--------------- 1,238 823 96 453 504 248 71 415 46 1.19 165 168 82 

White-------------------------- 12,183 7,501 833 3,436 4,269 2,636 596 4,682 442 1,189 1,631 1,998 1,053 

lTOprevious fetal death------------ 11,270 6,870 758 3,121 3,879 2,444 547 4,400 412 1,109 1,521 1,881 998 

Previous fetal death--------------- 913 631 75 315 390 192 49 282 30 80 llo 1.17 55 

Nonwhite----------------------- 2,866 1,608 140 713 853 544 211 1,258 107 294 401 52S 329 

No previous fetal death------------ 2,541 1,416 119 620 739 488 189 1,125 91 255 346 477 302 

Previous fetal death--------------- 325 192 21 93 114 56 22 133 16 39 55 51 27 

First birth otier------------ 4,756 2,905 323 1,258 1,581 1,032 292 1,851 213 469 682 805 364 

White-------------------------- 3,944 2,448 2s5 1>072 1,357 871 220 1,496 178 391 569 648 279 

Nonwhite----------------------- 812 457 38 186 224 161 72 355 35 78 1.13 L57 85 

Second birth otier------------ 4,CQ5 2,552 270 1,159 1,429 928 195 1,453 I.1..l. 375 486 616 351 

No previous fetsl death------------ 3,808 2,418 246 1,101 1,347 88s 183 1,390 102 356 458 592 340 

Pretious feteildeath--------------- 197 134 24 58 82 40 12 63 9 19 28 24 IL 

White-------------------------- 3,401 2,171 244 988 1,232 793 146 1,230 95 313 408 521 301 

NO previous fetal deat,h------------ 3,249 2,0s4 226 941 1,167 761 136 1,185 90 302 392 502 291 

Previous fetsl death--------------- 152 107 18 47 65 32 10 45 5 l-l 16 19 10 

Nonwhite----------------------- 604 381 26 171, 197 135 49 223 16 62 78 95 50 

No previous fetal death------------

Previous fetal death---------------

559 

43 I 354 

27 

20 

6 

160 

l-l 

180 

17 

127 

8 

47 

2 

205 

18 

12 54 

4 8 

66 

12 

90 

5 

49 

1 

Third birth omier------------ 2,492 II 1,542 159 735 894 526 122 950 67 262 329 371 250 

No previous fetal death------------

Previous fetal death---------------

2,228 

I 264 

1,347 195 

136 

23 

628 

L07 

764 

130 

474 

52 

109 

13 

eel 

69 

64 238 

3 24 

302 

27 

347 

24 

232 

18 

~te-------------------------- 2,103 1,308 140 625 765 450 93 795 61 215 276 315 204 

No previous fetal death------------ 1,880 1,142 1.I.9 531 650 408 84 746 58 200 25S 298 190 

Previous fetal.&@h--------------- 21.5 166 21 94 115 42 9 49 3 15 1s 17 14 

Nonwhtte 3s9 234 19 llo 129 76 29 155 6 47 53 56 46 

No previous fetal death------------ 340 205 17 97 lJ.4 68 25 135 6 38 44 49 42 

Previous fetal death--------------- 49 29 2 13 15 10 4 20 9 9 7 ‘4 
I 

Fourth birth offer----------- ~


IToprevious fetal death------------ ~


Previous fetal death---------------


White---.-------------------J--


No previous fetal death------------\


Previous fetal death---------------


Nonwhite----------------------­


~0 pretiOUfifetal $eath---------i--


Previous fetal death--------------­


fifth birth order and over---


No previous fetal death------------


Previous fetal death---------------


White--------------------------


No previous fetal dea~------------


Previous fetel death---------------


Nonwhite-----------------------


No previoufifetal death------------


Previous fetal deathJ--------------


1,340 783 90 352 442 271 70 557 53 135 188 254 

1,101 624 76 272 348 217 59 483 43 107 150 225 

233 159 14 80 94 54 IL 74 10 28 38 29 

1,045 618 69 283 352 213 53 427 36 109 145 200 82 z 

o 

862 492 58 221 279 170 43 370 32 86 1.I.8 176 76 “M 

183 126 n 62 73 43 10 57 4 23 27 24 6 

295 165 21 69 90 58 17 130 17 26 43 54 33 

245 132 18 51 69 47 16 113 u 21 32 49 

50 33 3 18 21 II 1 17 6 5 IL 5 

2,456 1,327 131 645 776 423 128 1,129 105 242 347 480 302 

1,912 992 96 482 578 321 93 920 81 194 275 389 256 

544 335 35 163 198 102 35 209 24 48 72 91 46 

1,690 956 95 468 563 309 84 734 72 161 233 314 

1,327 724 70 356 426 234 64 603 54 130 184 257 

363 232 25 112 137 75 20 131 18 31 49 57 

766 3-ii 36 177 213 114 44 395 33 81 1.14 166 

585 288 26 126 152 87 29 317 27 64 91 132 94 $
 181 103 10 51 61 27 15 78 6 17 23 34 21
 —


. . 

.. 

., 
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TABLE 12. MORPAIJXY RA!EE3 AMONG SINGLE IZVE BIIWSS, BY BIRTR WEIGRT, AGE, TOTAL-BIRPR ORDER, OUTCOME OF PREVIOUS DEZWERIFS, AND COIOR: UNITED STATRS,


JANUARY 1 TO MARCR 31, 1950


(Based On deaths tier 28 days ~OIIS chimm born Jan. 1 to Mar. 31, 1950. Rstes per 1,000 children in specified group sl.iveat +#e beginning of each age


interval. TWcsl-birth order refers to number of children ever born to mther, including fetal.deaths. IYgures for birth weight and.birth order not stated


are distributed. Excludes datn for M2ssaehusetts. TWO dots (..) inticate mte not cmwt~ where the nmber Of dea~s iS less ~~ 10)


BIRTR wFKGST 2,500 GRAhS OR LESS BIRTH NEIGBT 2,501 GRAMS OR MORE


Totsl


deaths T02XL-BIKBI OFDER, OUPCOME OF under Age at death Age at death 

PBXVIOUS DELIVRRIE3, AND COLOR 2s !rotal lbts.1. days Under 1-23 Under 1-6 7-27 Under 1-23 Under 1-6 7-27
 1 1 1 1


hour hours day 6ays days hour hours day days days


-


No previous fetal death------------ 16.6 172.O 19.0 79.7 97.1 67.8 16.3 7 0.6 1.7 2.4 3.0 1.6 

previous fetal death--------------- 36.1 250.1 29.7 128.7 154.6 90.0 25.2 12.4 1.3 3.5 4.8 5.2 2.4 

Nonwhite------— 24.4 X59.5 13.9 71.7 S4.6 58.9 24.3 1.1.7 1.0 2.7 3.7 4.9 3.1 

No previous fetal death------------ 23.5 154.9 13.0 68.7 80.S 58.1 23.9 1.1.3 0.9 2.6 3.5 4.8 3.1 

Previous fetal death--------------- 34.9 204.0 22.3 101.1 121.1 67.7 28.5 15.9 1.9 4.7 6.6 6.1 3.3 

First birth ofier------------ 18.4 152.7 17.o 67.3 83.1 59.2 17.8 7.7 0.9 2.0 2.8 3.4 1.5 

~te-------------------------- 17.2 .1.56.1 18.2 69.6 86.5 60.S 16.4 7.0 0.8 1.8 2.7 3,0 1.3 

Nonwhite----------------------- 27.6 X56.6 1.I..4 56.2 67.0 51.6 24.3 1.3.6 1.3 3.0 4.3 6.0 3.3 

Second birth order----------- 16.2 173.4 18.3 80.2 97.1 69.8 15.8 6.3 0.5 1.6 2.1 2.7 1.5 

No previous fetal death------------ 1.5.s 171.3 17.4 79.4 95.4 69.5 X.4 6.1 0.4 1.6 2.0 2.6 1.5 

Previous fetal.deat&-----------—- 34.6 223.3 40.0 103.7 X56.7 77.2 25.1 12.4 .. 3.7 5.5 4.7 2.2 

White-------------------------- 1.5.4 175.6 19.7 91.5 99.7 71.3 14.1 5.9 0.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 1.5 

No previous fetsl death------------ 1.5.O 173.6 19.0 80.7 98.1 71.0 13.6 5.8 0.4 1.5 1.9 2.5 1.4 

Previous fetal death--------------- 32.0 228.1 38.4 104.2 138.6 79.2 26.9 10.5 .. 2.6 3.7 4.5 2.4 

Nonwhite----------------------- 23.3 161.6 ILO 73.4 83.6 62.5 24.2 9.4 0.7 ‘2.6 3.3 4.0 2.1 

No pretious fetal deaih------------ 22.3 159.O 9.0 72.5 SO.9 62.1 24.5 9.0 0.5 2.4 2.9 4.0 2.2 

Previous fetal death--------------- 47.5 206.1 .. 88.0 129.8 .. .. 22.0 .. .. 14.7 .. .. 

Thifi birth order------------ 17.8 185.9 19.2 90.4 107.8 71.1 17.7 7.2 0.5 2.0 2.5 2.8 1.9 

No previous fetal.death------------ 16.9 180.6 18.2 85.s 102.5 70.8 17.5 7.1 0.5 1.9 2.4 2.8 1.9 

Previous fetal death--------------- 33.0 233.0 27.5 131.4 155.3 73.6 19.s 9.s .. 3.3 3.8 3.4 2.5 

White-------------------------- 17.4 192.1 20.6 93.7 112.4 74.5 16.6 7.0 0.5 1.9” 2.4 2.8 1.8 

No previous fetal death------------ 16.6 186.5 19.4 88.4 106.1 74.5 16.6 6.9 0.5 1.9 2.4 2.8 1.8 

Pravious fetal death--------------- 32.6 242.3 30.7 141.6 167.9 73.7 .. 8.3 .. 2.5 3.0 2,9 2.4 

Nonwhite----------------------- 20.4 157.6. 12.8 75.0 86.9 56.0 22.7 S.8 .. 2.7 3.0 3.2 2.6 

No previous fetal.deat3k----------- 19.2 1.53.8 12.8 7’3.7 85.5 54.1 21.7 8.3 .. 2.3 2.7 3.0 2.6 

Previous feteJ.death--------------- 34.7 190.8 .. 88.7 98.7 73.0 .. 15.8 0 .. .. .. .. 

ALL BIKCR oRDRFs 18.3 173.4 18.5 80.5 97.5 67.1 18.2 7.7 0.7 1.9 2.6 3.3 1.8 

No previous fetal death------------ 17.6 168.8 17.9 77.6 94.1 65.9 17.7 7.5 0.7 1.9 2.5 3.2 1.8


Previous fetal death--------------- 35.8 237.6 27.7 121.1 145.5 83.8 26.2 13.3 1.5 3.s 5.3 5.4 2.7


~te-------------------------- 17.3 176.7 19.6 82.5 100.5 69.0 16.8 l.1 0.7 1.8 2.5 3.0 1.6


6.9

Bburth birth order-----------


No previous fetel death------------


Previous fetal deat&--------------


White--------------------------


No previous fetsl death------------


Previous fetal.death---------------


Nonwhite-----------------------


No previous fetel death------------


Previous fetal death---------------


EHth birth omier and over---


No previous fetal death------------


Previous fetal death--------------­


~te--------------------------


No previous fetsl deat&-----------


Previous fetal death---------------


Nonwhite-----------------------


No previous fetal death------------


Previous fetal death---------------


.-

13.1 183.6 21.1 84.3 103.6 70.9 19.7 8.4 0.8 2.0 2.9 3.9 1.8 

17.2 170.9 20.8 76.1 95.3 65.7 19.1 8.0 0.7 1.8 2.5 3.7 1.8 

38.9 259.4 22.8 133.6 153.3 104.0 23.7 13.8 1.9 5.2 7.1 5.4 .. 

18.1, 182.6 20.4 83.4 104.0 70.3 18.8 7.9 0.7 2.0 2.7 3.7 1.5 

16.3 168.6 19.9 77.3 95.6 64.4 17.4 7.4 0.6 1.7 2.4 3.5 1.5 

39.5 270.4 23.6 I-36.3 156.7 109.4 28.6 13.7 .. 5.5 6.5 5.8 .. 

23.4 187.3 23.8 80.2 102.2 73.3 23.2 U.1 1.4 2.2 3.7 4.6 2.8 

21.8 179.8 24.5 7L.2 94.0 70.7 25.9 1o.7 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.7 3:1 

36.8 224.5 .. 125.0 142.9 87.3 .. 14.0 .. .. 9.1 .. .. 

23.4 212.6 21.0 105.6 124.3 77.4 25.4 1.1.4 1.1 2.5 3.5 4.9 3.1 

21.3 205.5 19.9 101.9 1.I.9.7 75.5 23.7 10.8 1.0 2.3 3.2 4.6 3.0 

36.5 236.9 24.8 1.18.2 140.0 83.9 31.4 15.5 1.8 3.6 5.3 6.8 3.4 

22.7 228.2 22.5 U.3.3 I-33.2 84.4 25.0 10.5 1.0 2.3 3.3 4.5 2.7 

20.4 217.9 21.1 109.4 128.2 80.8 24.0 9.8 0.9 2.1 3.0 4.2 2.6 

38.9 256.9 27.7 127.6 151.7 97.9 28.9 15.6 2.1 3.7 5.8 6.8 3.0 

25.1 184.1 L7.9 89.4 105.7 63.3 26.1 13.8 1.2 2.8 4.0 5.8 4.1 

23.4 178.2 17.3 65.3 101.1 64.3 22.9 13.5 1.2 2.7 3.9 5.6 4.0 

32.4 201.6 19.6 101.8 119.4 60.0 L’.5 15.3 .. 3.3 4.5 6.7 4.2 

-
REPORTS FROM THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS 

Public Health Service Publication No. 1000 

Saies1.Programs nndcollcction procedures 

No. 1. 

No. Z 

No. 3. 

Eo. 4. 

Sr.ri es 2. 

so. 1. 

Xo. 2. 

No. 3. 

Xo. 4. 

Xo. 5. 

No. t. 

Xo. 7. 

Xo. & 

No. 9. 

No. 10. 

Series 3. 

No. 1. 

No. 2. 

Series 4. 

Series 10. 

No. 1. 

No. 2. 

NO. 3. 

Xo. 4. 

No. 5. 

No. 6. 

so. T. 

x0. s. 

No. 9. 

30. 1(!. 

iio. 11. 

NO. 12. 

No. 13. 

Xo. 14. 

No. 15. 

No. 16. 

No. 17. 

Series 11. 

No. 1. 

No. 2. 

No. 3. 

No. 4. 

No. 5. 

No. 6. 

No. i’. 

No. 8. 

NO. 9. 

Series 12. 

Series 20. 

Origin, Program, and Operation of the U.S. Nationrd Health Survey. 35 cents. 

Realth Survey Procedure. Concepts, Questionnaire Development, and Definitions in the13ealth-Interviewr Survey. 45 cents. 

Development and Maintenanc eof aNational Inventory of Hospitals and Institutions. 25 cents. 

Plan and Initial Program of the Health Examination Survey. 

Data evaluation sndmethods reses.rch 

Comparison of Two-Vkion Testing Devices. 30 cents. 

hleasurement of Personal Health Expenditures. 45 cents. 

The One-Hour Glucose Tolerance Test. 30 cents.


Comparison of Two Methodsof Constructing Abridged Life Tables. 15 cents.


$nIndex of Health: Mathematical Models. 25 cents.


Reporting of Hospi tali zation in the Health Interview Survey.


Health Intetwiew Responses Compared With Medical Records.


Comparison of Hospitalization Reporting in Three Survey Procedures.


C%opemtion in Health Examination Surveys.


Hospital Utilization in the Last Year of Life.


Analytical studies


The Chrmgein Mortality Trend in the United Statss. 35 cents. 

Recent h!ortality Tr@rds in Chile. 30 cents. 

Documents and committee reports


No reports to date.


Data From tbe Health Interview Survey


Acute Conditions, Incidence and Associated Disability, Ilnited Statas, July 1961-June 1962. 40 cents.


FmnilyIncomein Relation tmSelccted Health Characteristics, United States. 40cerrts.


Lcngthof Convalescence After Surgery, Uni@d Sktes, July l96O-Junel96l. 35 cents.


Disahilityl)ays, Unitad States, July 1961-June 1962. 40 cents.


Cument Estimates Fmmthe Health Interview Survey, United Shtes, July l962-Junel963. 35 cents.


Impairments Due to Injury. by (lass and Type of Accident, United States, July 1959-June 1961. 95 cents


Disability Among Persons in the Labor Force, by F,mployment Status, United States, July 1961-June 1962. 40 cents.


Types of Injuries, Incidence and Associated Disability, United Smtes. July l957-Junel96l. 35 cents.


Nedicrd Care. Health Stntus, and Family Income, UnitedStates. 55 cents.


,Acute Conditions, Incidence and.lssocia@d Disa&lity, United Sbtes, July l96&Junel963. 45 cents.


Health Insurance Coverage, United Shtes, July 1962-June l963. 35 cents.


BedlXsability Among the Chronically Limited. United States, July 1957-June 1961. 45 cents.


CurrentEstimates Fmmthe Health In@rview Survey, Uni@d States, July l963.Junel964. +0 cents.


Illness, Disability, and Hospitalization Among Veterans, United Statss, July 1957-June 1961. 35 cents.


Acute ~onditions, Incidence and Associated Disatifity, Uni@d Stites, July l963-Junel964. 40 cents.


Health Insurance, Type of Insuring Organization and Multiple Coverage, United States, July l962-Junel963. 35 cents.


Chronic Conditions and Activity Limitations, Unitad Ststes, July 1961-June 1963. 35 cents.


Data From the Health Examination Survey 

Cycle Iofthe Health Examination Survey :Smple and Response, United Stabs, 1960-1962. 30 cents. 

GIucose Tolerance of Adults, United States, 1960-1962. 25cente. 

Binocular Vkurd Acuity of Adults, United Ststes, 1960-1962. 25 cents. 

131uod Pressure of Adults, by Ageand Sex, United States, 1960-1962. 35cente.


Blood Pressure of.ldul@, by Race and Region, United Sta@s, 1960-1962. 25 cents.


Heart Diseass in Adrdts, United States, 1960-1962. 35 cents.


Selected Dental Findingsin Adults, United Ststes,1960-1962. 30 cents.


Weigbt, Height, and Selected Body Dimensions .of Adults, United Stctes, 1960-1962.


Findinge on the Serologic Test for Syphilis in .4dults, United States, 1960-1962.


Data Fmm the Health Records Survey 

No reports to date. 

Data on mortality 

No reports to date. 

Series !41. Dats on natali ty, marriage, and divorce 

No. 1. Natality Statistics .knalysis, United States, 1962. 45 centc. 

No. 2. Demograpbi c Characteristics of Persons Married Between January 1955 and June 1956. United States. 35 cents. 

No. 3. Weight at Birth and Survival of the Newborn, United States, Early 1950. 

No. 4. Weight at Birth and Survival of the Newborn, hy. GeograpKlc D]vi sions and Urban and Rural Arees. Cnited States. Early 1950. 

No. 5. Weight at Birth and Survival of tbe Newborn, by Age of Mother and Total-w]rtb order. United States. Early 1950. 

No. 6. Wcigbt at B]rth and Cause of Death in the Neonatal Period, United States, Early 1950. 

Son es W	 D8ts fmm the program of ssmple survevs related to vital records 

So reports to date.