[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 147 (Monday, August 3, 2009)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 38348-38358]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-18361]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 141

[EPA-HQ-OW-2009-0345; FRL-8930-8]


Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for the 
Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis 
and Sampling Procedures

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: This action announces the Environmental Protection Agency's 
(EPA's) approval of alternative testing methods for use in measuring 
the levels of contaminants in drinking water and determining compliance 
with national primary drinking water regulations. The Safe Drinking 
Water Act (SDWA) authorizes EPA to approve the use of alternative 
testing methods through publication in the Federal Register. EPA is 
using this streamlined authority to make six additional methods 
available for analyzing drinking water samples required by regulation. 
This expedited approach provides public water systems, laboratories, 
and primacy agencies with more timely access to new

[[Page 38349]]

measurement techniques and greater flexibility in the selection of 
analytical methods, thereby reducing monitoring costs while maintaining 
public health protection.

DATES: This action is effective August 3, 2009.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800) 426-
4791 or Patricia Snyder Fair, Technical Support Center, Office of 
Ground Water and Drinking Water (MS 140), Environmental Protection 
Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268; 
telephone number: (513) 569-7937; e-mail address: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#0365626a712d736277436673622d646c75"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="3d5b5c544f134d5c497d584d5c135a524b">[email protected]</span></a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. General Information

A. Does This Action Apply to Me?

    Public water systems are the regulated entities required to measure 
contaminants in drinking water samples. In addition, EPA Regions as 
well as States and Tribal governments with authority to administer the 
regulatory program for public water systems under SDWA may also measure 
contaminants in water samples. When EPA sets a monitoring requirement 
in its national primary drinking water regulations for a given 
contaminant, the Agency also establishes in the regulations 
standardized test procedures for analysis of the contaminant. This 
action makes alternative testing methods available for particular 
drinking water contaminants beyond the testing methods currently 
established in the regulations. EPA is providing public water systems 
required to test water samples with a choice of using either a test 
procedure already established in the existing regulations or an 
alternative test procedure that has been approved in this action. 
Categories and entities that may ultimately be affected by this action 
include:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Examples of
              Category                potentially regulated   NAICS \1\
                                            entities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
State, Local, & Tribal Governments.  States, local and            924110
                                      tribal governments
                                      that analyze water
                                      samples on behalf of
                                      public water systems
                                      required to conduct
                                      such analysis;
                                      States, local and
                                      tribal governments
                                      that themselves
                                      operate community and
                                      non-transient non-
                                      community water
                                      systems required to
                                      monitor.
Industry...........................  Private operators of         221310
                                      community and non-
                                      transient non-
                                      community water
                                      systems required to
                                      monitor.
Municipalities.....................  Municipal operators of       924110
                                      community and non-
                                      transient non-
                                      community water
                                      systems required to
                                      monitor.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ North American Industry Classification System.

    This table is not exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for 
readers regarding entities likely to be affected by this action. This 
table lists the types of entities that EPA is now aware could 
potentially be affected by this action. Other types of entities not 
listed in the table could also be impacted. To determine whether your 
facility is affected by this action, you should carefully examine the 
applicability language at 40 CFR 141.2 (definition of public water 
system). If you have questions regarding the applicability of this 
action to a particular entity, consult the person listed in the 
preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

B. How Can I Get Copies of This Document and Other Related Information?

    1. Docket. EPA established a docket for this action under Docket ID 
No. EPA-HQ-OW-2009-0345. Publicly available docket materials are 
available either electronically through www.regulations.gov or in hard 
copy at the Water Docket in the EPA Docket Center, (EPA/DC) EPA West, 
Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC. Copyrighted 
materials are available only in hard copy. The EPA Docket Center Public 
Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through 
Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public 
Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the Water 
Docket is (202) 566-2426.
    2. Electronic Access. You may access this Federal Register document 
electronically through the EPA Internet under the ``Federal Register'' 
listings at http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/.
Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in This Action
CFR: Code of Federal Regulations
DBCP: Dibromochloropropane
EDB: Ethylene Dibromide
EPA: Environmental Protection Agency
GC: Gas Chromatography
LED: Light-Emitting Diode
MS: Mass Spectrometry
NEMI: National Environmental Methods Index
nm: Nanometers
SDWA: Safe Drinking Water Act

Table of Contents

I. General Information
    A. Does This Action Apply to Me?
    B. How Can I Get Copies of This Document and Other Related 
Information?
II. Background
    A. What Is the Purpose of This Action?
    B. What Is the Basis for This Action?
III. Summary of Approvals
    A. Methods Developed by EPA
    B. Methods Developed by Vendors
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
V. References

II. Background

A. What Is the Purpose of This Action?

    In this action, EPA is approving six analytical methods for 
determining contaminant concentrations in samples collected under SDWA. 
Regulated parties required to sample and monitor may use either the 
testing methods already established in existing regulations or the 
alternative testing methods being approved in this action. The new 
methods are listed in Appendix A to Subpart C in 40 CFR 141 and on 
EPA's drinking water methods Web site at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_expedited.html.

B. What Is the Basis for This Action?

    When EPA determines an alternative analytical method is ``equally 
effective'' (i.e., as effective as a method that has already been 
promulgated in the regulations), SDWA allows EPA to approve the use of 
the alternative method through publication in the Federal Register. See 
Section 1401(1) of SDWA. EPA is using this streamlined approval 
authority to make six additional methods available for determining 
contaminant concentrations in samples collected under SDWA. EPA has 
determined that, for each contaminant or group of contaminants listed 
in Section III, the additional testing methods being approved in this 
action are equally as effective as one or more of the testing methods 
already established in the regulations for those contaminants. Section 
1401(1) states that the newly approved methods ``shall be treated as

[[Page 38350]]

an alternative for public water systems to the quality control and 
testing procedures listed in the regulation.'' Accordingly, this action 
makes these additional (and optional) six analytical methods legally 
available for meeting EPA's monitoring requirements.
    This action does not add regulatory language, but does, for 
informational purposes, update an appendix to the regulations at 40 CFR 
part 141 that lists all methods approved under Section 1401(1) of SDWA. 
Accordingly, while this action is not a rule, it is updating CFR text 
and therefore is being published in the ``Final Rules'' section of this 
Federal Register.
    EPA described this expedited methods approval process in an April 
10, 2007, Federal Register notice (72 FR 17902) (USEPA 2007) and 
announced its intent to begin using the process. EPA published the 
first set of approvals in a June 3, 2008, Federal Register notice (73 
FR 31616) (USEPA 2008) and added Appendix A to 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart 
C. This action adds six additional methods to Appendix A to Subpart C.

III. Summary of Approvals

    EPA is approving six methods that are equally effective relative to 
methods previously promulgated in the regulations. By means of this 
notice, these six methods are added to Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 141, 
Subpart C. For convenience of the reader, the revised Appendix A in its 
entirety is shown below. However, the only change made to Appendix A 
through this action is the inclusion of these six additional methods as 
described in this preamble.

A. Methods Developed by EPA

    EPA Method 524.3, Version 1.0. This is a gas chromatography/mass 
spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the determination of purgeable organic 
compounds in finished drinking waters. The method analytes are purged 
from the water sample using helium and trapped on a sorbent material. 
After purging, the trap is heated and back flushed with helium to 
transfer the analytes to a capillary GC column. Compounds eluting from 
the GC are directed into a mass spectrometer for mass analysis and 
detection. The analytes are identified by comparing the acquired mass 
spectra and retention times to reference spectra and retention times 
for calibration standards acquired under identical GC/MS conditions. 
The concentration of each target analyte is calculated using the 
internal standard technique and response curves obtained via procedural 
calibration. The expansion of the method to include the option of 
selective ion monitoring makes this method sufficiently sensitive to 
measure dibromochloropropane (DBCP) and ethylene dibromide (EDB) at the 
concentrations required for drinking water compliance monitoring.
    EPA Method 524.3 is an updated version of EPA Method 524.2, 
Revision 4.1 (USEPA 1995a), which is currently approved for analyses of 
compliance samples for 21 volatile organic contaminants and total 
trihalomethanes. The method development work is described in the method 
research summary (Zaffiro et al. 2009). The advantages of the new 
method include:
    <bullet> Use of maleic acid, a common food preservative, to 
preserve samples, eliminating the requirement to ship a hazardous 
reagent (hydrochloric acid) to the field;
    <bullet> Incorporation of features that allow users to take 
advantage of modern instrumentation to improve speed and data quality;
    <bullet> Increased flexibility in selection of method operating 
parameters; and
    <bullet> Addition of Method 524.3 as an approved method for DBCP 
and EDB.
    Approved methods for volatile organic contaminants and total 
trihalomethanes are listed at 40 CFR 141.24(e). EPA Methods 502.2; 
Revision 2.1 (USEPA 1995b) and 524.2; Revision 4.1 (USEPA 1995a) are 
approved for benzene; carbon tetrachloride; chlorobenzene; 1,2-
dichlorobenzene; 1,4-dichlorobenzene; 1,2-dichloroethane; cis-
dichloroethylene; trans-dichloroethylene; dichloromethane; 1,2-
dichloropropane; ethylbenzene; styrene; tetrachloroethylene; 1,1,1-
trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; toluene; 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene; 
1,1-dichloroethylene; 1,1,2-trichlorethane; vinyl chloride; xylenes 
(total--measured as sum of o-xylene; m-xylene and p-xylene); and total 
trihalomethanes (sum of chloroform; bromodichloromethane; 
dibromochloromethane; and bromoform). EPA Method 551.1 (USEPA 1995c) is 
approved for carbon tetrachloride; tetrachloroethylene; 1,1,1-
trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; EDB; DBCP; and total 
trihalomethanes. EPA Method 504.1, Revision 1.1 (USEPA 1995d) is 
approved for EDB and DBCP. Approved methods for total trihalomethanes 
are also listed at 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1). For each of the 24 
contaminants, the performance characteristics of EPA Method 524.3 were 
compared to the characteristics of each of the methods currently listed 
in the regulations as approved for that contaminant (Munch 2009). EPA 
has determined that, for each of the 24 contaminants, EPA Method 524.3 
is equally as effective for measuring the contaminant as the methods 
currently listed in the regulations as approved for that contaminant. 
The basis for this determination is discussed in Munch 2009. EPA is 
therefore approving use of Method 524.3 for the above named 24 
contaminants when analyzing drinking water compliance samples.
    EPA Method 524.3 Version 1.0 (USEPA 2009) can be accessed and 
downloaded directly on-line at http://epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html.

B. Methods Developed by Vendors

    1. Mitchell Method M5271. Mitchell Method M5271 (Mitchell 2009a) 
uses laser nephelometry to measure turbidity in drinking water. The 
method is based on a comparison of the intensity of light scattered by 
the sample under defined conditions with the intensity of light 
scattered by a standard reference suspension. Readings are made using 
an on-line laser nephelometer with the following design criteria:
    <bullet> Laser light source is monochromatic operated at a nominal 
wavelength of 650 <plus-minus> 30nm;
    <bullet> Incident radiation and any convergence does not exceed 
<plus-minus> 1.5 degrees in the measurement area;
    <bullet> Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light 
does not exceed 10cm;
    <bullet> Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 <plus-minus> 1.5 
degrees to the incident light path and the light cone does not exceed 
<plus-minus> 30 degrees from 90 degrees; and
    <bullet> Instrument incorporates a bubble trap and anti-fog 
windows. Sensor is horizontal and the windows are vertical. Windows are 
immersed in the sample stream.
    Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR 
141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Mitchell Method M5271 
were compared to the performance characteristics of approved EPA Method 
180.1 (USEPA 1993a). The validation study report (Mitchell 2008a) 
summarizes the results obtained from the turbidimeters placed in series 
at three different public water systems. One water system used ground 
water and the other two plants used surface water sources. Measurements 
included at least one filter backwash at each of the surface water 
plants.
    EPA has determined that the Mitchell Method M5271 is equally 
effective relative to EPA Method 180.1 that is already promulgated in 
the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for this 
determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009a. Therefore, EPA is 
approving the Mitchell Method M5271 for determining turbidity in 
drinking

[[Page 38351]]

water. A copy of the method can be downloaded from the National 
Environmental Methods Index (NEMI) at http://www.nemi.gov or obtained 
by contacting Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., 
Grand Junction, CO 81507.
    2. Mitchell Method M5331. Mitchell Method M5331 (Mitchell 2009b) 
uses light-emitting diode (LED) nephelometry to measure turbidity in 
drinking water. The method is based on a comparison of the intensity of 
light scattered by the sample under defined conditions with the 
intensity of light scattered by a standard reference suspension. 
Readings are made using an on-line LED nephelometer with the following 
design criteria:
    <bullet> LED light source is monochromatic operated at a nominal 
wavelength of 525 <plus-minus> 15nm;
    <bullet> Incident radiation and any convergence does not exceed 
<plus-minus> 1.5 degrees in the measurement area;
    <bullet> Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light 
does not exceed 10cm;
    <bullet> Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 <plus-minus> 1.5 
degrees to the incident light path and the light cone does not exceed 
<plus-minus> 30 degrees from 90 degrees; and
    <bullet> Instrument incorporates a bubble trap and anti-fog 
windows. Sensor is horizontal and the windows are vertical. Windows are 
immersed in the sample stream.
    Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR 
141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Mitchell Method M5331 
were compared to the performance characteristics of approved EPA Method 
180.1 (USEPA 1993a). The validation study report (Mitchell 2008b) 
summarizes the results obtained from the turbidimeters placed in series 
at three different public water systems. One water system used ground 
water and the other two plants used surface water sources. Measurements 
included at least one filter backwash at each of the surface water 
plants.
    EPA has determined that the Mitchell Method M5331 is equally 
effective relative to EPA Method 180.1 that is already promulgated in 
the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for this 
determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009b. Therefore, EPA is 
approving it for determining turbidity in drinking water. A copy of the 
method can be downloaded from NEMI at http://www.nemi.gov or obtained 
from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand 
Junction, CO 81507.
    3. Orion Method AQ4500. Thermo Scientific's Orion Method AQ4500 
(Thermo Scientific 2009) uses LED nephelometry to measure turbidity in 
drinking water. The method is based on a comparison of the intensity of 
light scattered by the sample at 90 degrees to the beam path with the 
intensity of light scattered by a standard reference suspension. 
Readings are made using a portable LED nephelometer with the following 
design criteria:
    <bullet> White LED light source emits broadband light having peak 
intensities in the 400nm to 600nm range;
    <bullet> Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light 
does not exceed 10cm;
    <bullet> Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 degrees to the 
incident light path and the light cone does not exceed <plus-minus> 30 
degrees from 90 degrees. The detector has spectral peak response 
between 400nm and 600nm;
    <bullet> Pulsed light allows for synchronous detection, a technique 
by which ambient stray light leakage, as well as other electronic 
induced errors, are effectively cancelled out; and
    <bullet> Color compensation is achieved using a dual-beam system 
with two photo detectors.
    Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR 
141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Thermo Scientific's 
Orion Method AQ4500 were compared to the performance characteristics of 
EPA Method 180.1 (USEPA 1993a) listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1) for 
measurement of turbidity. Two rounds of testing were conducted 
(Wendelken 2009c). The first was an ASTM round robin study comparing 
results from analyses of 28 samples of various types using 
turbidimeters with tungsten filament light sources as specified in EPA 
Method 180.1 and white LEDs as specified in Thermo Scientific Orion 
Method AQ4500. A second study involved demonstration of performance at 
turbidities below 2 nephelometric turbidity units.
    EPA has determined that Thermo Scientific's Orion Method AQ4500 is 
equally effective relative to EPA Method 180.1, which is already 
promulgated in the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for 
this determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009c. Therefore, EPA is 
approving Method AQ4500 for the measurement of turbidity in drinking 
water. A copy of the method can be downloaded from NEMI at http://www.nemi.gov or obtained from Thermo Scientific, 166 Cummings Center, 
Beverly, MA 01915, Phone: (800) 225-1480, www.thermo.com.
    4. Systea Easy (1-Reagent). Systea Scientific, LLC's Systea Easy 
(1-Reagent) Nitrate Method uses automated discreet analysis by 
spectrophotometry to determine concentrations of nitrate and nitrite 
combined or individually in drinking water. The method involves the 
following steps:
    <bullet> Reduction of nitrate in a sample to nitrite using a non-
hazardous proprietary reagent;
    <bullet> Diazotizing the nitrite originally in the sample plus the 
reduced nitrate with sulfanilamide followed by coupling with N-(1-
napthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride under acidic conditions to form 
a highly colored azo dye;
    <bullet> Colorimetric determination in which the absorbance of 
color at 546nm is directly proportional to the concentration of the 
nitrite plus the reduced nitrate in the sample;
    <bullet> Measurement of nitrite individually by analysis of the 
sample while eliminating the reduction step; and
    <bullet> Subtraction of the nitrite value from that of the combined 
nitrate plus nitrite value to determine nitrate individually.
    Approved methods for nitrate and nitrite are listed at 40 CFR 
141.23(k)(1). An inter-laboratory study (Systea Scientific, LLC. 2008) 
was conducted to compare the performance characteristics of the Systea 
Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method to the characteristics of the EPA 
Method 353.2 (USEPA 1993b) and Standard Method 4500-
NO<INF>3</INF><SUP>-</SUP> F-00 (APHA 1997), which are listed at 40 CFR 
141.23(k)(1) for nitrate and nitrite. Ten laboratories analyzed a 
variety of sample matrices using approved methods. The samples were 
also analyzed using the Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method.
    EPA has determined that the Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method 
is equally effective relative to EPA Method 353.2 and Standard Method 
4500-NO<INF>3</INF><SUP>-</SUP> F-00, which are already promulgated in 
the regulations. The basis for this determination is discussed in 
Wendelken 2009d. The method is a ``green'' alternative to other 
approved methods, which use cadmium, a known carcinogen, for the 
reduction of nitrate to nitrite. EPA is approving this method for 
determining nitrate and nitrite concentrations in drinking water to 
comply with 40 CFR 141.23.
    Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method (Systea Scientific, LLC. 
2009) can be downloaded from NEMI at http://www.nemi.gov or obtained 
from Systea Scientific, LLC, 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 
60523, Phone: (630) 645-0600.
    5. Method ME355.01. ``Determination of Cyanide in Drinking Water by 
GC/MS Headspace'' (Eaton 2009) uses direct headspace injection after 
acidification followed by Gas Chromatography/Mass

[[Page 38352]]

Spectrometry (GC/MS) to determine the concentration of cyanide, as free 
cyanide, in drinking water. The method involves the following steps:
    <bullet> Acidification of the sample;
    <bullet> Heating the sample to 60 degrees Celsius with agitation;
    <bullet> Direct injection of 1 milliliter of headspace onto the 
nitrogen cooled cryotrap; and
    <bullet> Analysis using temperature programmed GC/MS.
    The performance characteristics of Method ME355.01 were determined 
in three laboratories by replicate analyses of fortified samples 
(Wendelken 2009e). The results were compared to the characteristics of 
EPA Method 335.4 (USEPA 1993c) and Standard Method 4500-CN<SUP>-</SUP> 
F-99 (APHA 1999) listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1) for cyanide. EPA has 
determined that Method ME355.01 is equally effective relative to each 
of these two methods. The basis for this determination is discussed in 
Wendelken 2009e. Therefore, EPA is approving this method for 
determining cyanide concentrations in drinking water to comply with 40 
CFR 141.23.
    Method ME335.01 can be downloaded from NEMI at http://www.nemi.gov 
or obtained from James Eaton, PhD, H & E Testing Laboratory, 221 State 
Street, Augusta, ME 04333, Phone: (207) 187-2727.

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    As noted above, under the terms of SDWA Section 1401(1), this 
streamlined method approval action is not a rule. Accordingly, the 
Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small 
Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, does not apply 
because this action is not a rule for purposes of 5 U.S.C. 804(3). 
Similarly, this action is not subject to the Regulatory Flexibility Act 
because it is not subject to notice and comment requirements under the 
Administrative Procedure Act or any other statute. In addition, because 
this approval action is not a rule but simply makes alternative 
(optional) testing methods available for monitoring under SDWA, EPA has 
concluded that other statutes and executive orders generally applicable 
to rulemaking do not apply to this approval action.

V. References

    American Public Health Association (APHA), 2000. Standard Method 
4500-NO<INF>3</INF><SUP>-</SUP> F-00. Automated Cadmium Reduction 
Method. Approved by Standard Methods Committee 2000. Standard Methods 
Online. (Available at http://www.standardmethods.org.)
    American Public Health Association (APHA), 1999. Standard Method 
4500-CN<SUP>-</SUP> F-99. Cyanide-Selective Electrode Method. Approved 
by Standard Methods Committee 1999. Standard Methods Online. (Available 
at http://www.standardmethods.org.)
    Eaton, J. 2009. Method ME355.01, Revision 1.0. Determination of 
Cyanide in Drinking Water by GC/MS Headspace. May 26, 2009. H & E 
Testing Laboratory, 221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04333. (Available at 
http://www.nemi.gov.)
    Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2008a. Mitchell ATP Submission for 
Changes in Method 180.1 Using Laser Determination of Turbidity by 
Nephelometry, Mitchell Method M5271, Validation Study Report, Revision 
1.0, July 31, 2008. 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 
81507.
    Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2008b. Mitchell ATP Submission for 
Changes in Method 180.1 Using LED Determination of Turbidity by 
Nephelometry, Mitchell Method M5331, Validation Study Report, Revision 
1.0, July 31, 2008. 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 
81507.
    Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2009a. Mitchell Method M5271, 
Revision 1.1. Determination of Turbidity by Laser Nephelometry, March 
5, 2009. Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand 
Junction, CO 81507. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2009b. Mitchell Method M5331, 
Revision 1.1. Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry, March 5, 
2009. Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand 
Junction, CO 81507. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    Munch, D., 2009. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited 
approval of EPA Method 524.3. May 22, 2009.
    Systea Scientific, LLC., 2008. Validation Study Report for New 
Method Approval of Nitrate Analysis in Wastewater and Drinking Water 
Utilizing Systea Scientific, LLC Non-Hazardous Proprietary Reagent R1, 
Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate 0.050-10 mg/L. September 15, 2008. 900 
Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523.
    Systea Scientific, LLC., 2009. Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate 
Method, February 4, 2009. 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 
60523. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    Thermo Scientific, 2009. Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0. 
Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry, May 8, 2009. 166 
Cummings Center, Beverly, MA 01915. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    USEPA. 1993a. EPA Method 180.1, Revision 2.0, ``Determination of 
Turbidity by Nephelometry'' in Methods for the Determination of 
Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/600/R-93/100. 
(Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    USEPA. 1993b. EPA Method 353.2, Revision 2.0, ``Determination of 
Nitrate-Nitrite Nitrogen by Automated Colorimetry'' in Methods for the 
Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/
600/R-93/100. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    USEPA. 1993c. EPA Method 335.4, Revision 1.0, ``Determination of 
Total Cyanide by Semi-Automated Colorimetry'' in Methods for the 
Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/
600/R-93/100. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    USEPA. 1995a. EPA Method 524.2, Revision 4.1, ``Measurement of 
Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas 
Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry'' in Methods for the Determination of 
Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131. 
(Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    USEPA. 1995b. EPA Method 502.2, Revision 2.1, ``Volatile Organic 
Compounds in Water by Purge and Trap Capillary Column Gas 
Chromatography with Photoionization and Electrolytic Conductivity 
Detectors in Series'' in Methods for the Determination of Organic 
Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131. 
(Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    USEPA. 1995c. EPA Method 551.1, Revision 1.0, ``Determination of 
Chlorination Disinfection Byproducts, Chlorinated Solvents, and 
Halogenated Pesticides/Herbicides in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid 
Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Electron-Capture Detection'' in 
Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--
Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    USEPA. 1995d. EPA Method 504.1, Revision 1.1, ``1,2-Dibromoethane 
(EDB), 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloro-Propane (DBCP), and 1,2,3-Trichloropropane 
(123TCP) in Water by Microextraction and Gas Chromatography'' in 
Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--
Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
    USEPA. 2007. Expedited Approval of Test Procedures for the Analysis 
of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis and 
Sampling Procedures. 72 FR 17902. April 10, 2007.

[[Page 38353]]

    USEPA. 2008. Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for 
the Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; 
Analysis and Sampling Procedures. 73 FR 31616. June 3, 2008.
    USEPA. 2009. EPA Method 524.3 Version 1.0. Measurement of Purgeable 
Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass 
Spectrometry, EPA 815-B-09-009. June 2009. (Available at http://epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html.)
    Wendelken, S., 2009a. Memo to the record describing basis for 
expedited approval of Mitchell Method M5271. May 29, 2009.
    Wendelken, S., 2009b. Memo to the record describing basis for 
expedited approval of Mitchell Method M5331. May 29, 2009.
    Wendelken, S., 2009c. Memo to the record describing ATP evaluation 
of Thermo Scientific/Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0 and basis for 
expedited approval. May 29, 2009.
    Wendelken, S., 2009d. Memo to the record describing basis for 
expedited approval of Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method. May 29, 
2009.
    Wendelken, S., 2009e. Memo to the record describing ATP evaluation 
of Method ME355.01 and basis for expedited approval. May 29, 2009.
    Zaffiro, A.D, Prakash, B. and Zimmerman, M., 2009. EPA Method 524.3 
Research Summary, Shaw Environmental, Cincinnati OH. June 2009.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 141

    Environmental protection, Chemicals, Indians--lands, 
Intergovernmental relations, Radiation protection, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Water supply.

    Dated: July 9, 2009.
Michael H. Shapiro,
Acting Assistant Administrator, Office of Water.

0
For the reasons stated in the preamble, 40 CFR part 141 is amended as 
follows:

PART 141--NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS

0
1. The authority citation for part 141 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 300f, 300g-1, 300j-4, and 300j-9.

0
2. Subpart C is amended by revising Appendix A to read as follows:

Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 141--Alternative Testing Methods 
Approved for Analyses Under the Safe Drinking Water Act

    Only the editions stated in the following table are approved.

      Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR
                              141.21(f)(3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Organism               Methodology      SM 21st edition \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Coliforms..............  Total Coliform    9221 A, B
                                Fermentation
                                Technique.
                               Total Coliform    9222 A, B, C
                                Membrane Filter
                                Technique.
                               Presence-Absence  9221 D
                                (P-A) Coliform
                                Test.
                               ONPG-MUG Test...  9223
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                       Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Contaminant              Methodology       EPA method    SM 21st  edition \1\      SM online \3\           ASTM \4\                Other
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity...................  Titrimetric.....                   2320 B
Antimony.....................  Atomic                             3113 B
                                Absorption;
                                Furnace.
                               Axially viewed     200.5,
                                inductively       Revision 4.2
                                coupled plasma-   \2\.
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Arsenic......................  Atomic                             3113 B
                                Absorption;
                                Furnace.
                               Hydride Atomic                     3114 B
                                Absorption.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Barium.......................  Inductively                        3120 B
                                Coupled Plasma.
                               Atomic                             3111 D
                                Absorption;
                                Direct.
                               Atomic                             3113 B
                                Absorption;
                                Furnace.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Beryllium....................  Inductively                        3120 B
                                Coupled Plasma.
                               Atomic                             3113 B
                                Absorption;
                                Furnace.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Cadmium......................  Atomic                             3113 B
                                Absorption;
                                Furnace.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Calcium......................  EDTA titrimetric                   3500-Ca B
                               Atomic                             3111 B
                                Absorption;
                                Direct
                                Aspiration.
                               Inductively                        3120 B
                                Coupled Plasma.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Chromium.....................  Inductively                        3120 B
                                Coupled Plasma.
                               Atomic                             3113 B
                                Absorption;
                                Furnace.

[[Page 38354]]

 
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Copper.......................  Atomic                             3113 B
                                Absorption;
                                Furnace.
                               Atomic                             3111 B
                                Absorption;
                                Direct
                                Aspiration.
                               Inductively                        3120 B
                                Coupled Plasma.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Conductivity.................  Conductance.....                   2510 B
Cyanide......................  Manual                             ....................  ....................  D2036-06 A
                                Distillation
                                followed by.
                                 Spectrophotome                   4500-CN- G            ....................  D2036-06 B
                               tric, Amenable
                                 Spectrophotome                   4500-CN- E            ....................  D2036-06 A
                               tric Manual
                               Selective                          4500-CN- F
                                Electrode.
                               Gas                                ....................  ....................  ....................   ME355.01 \7\
                                Chromatography/
                                Mass
                                Spectrometry
                                Headspace.
Fluoride.....................  Ion                                4110 B
                                Chromatography.
                               Manual                             4500-F- B, D
                                Distillation;
                                Colorimetric
                                SPADNS.
                               Manual Electrode                   4500-F- C             ....................  D1179-04 B
                               Automated                          4500-F- E
                                Alizarin.
Lead.........................  Atomic                             3113 B
                                Absorption;
                                Furnace.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Magnesium....................  Atomic                             3111 B
                                Absorption.
                               Inductively                        3120 B
                                Coupled Plasma.
                               Complexation                       3500-Mg B
                                Titrimetric
                                Methods.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Mercury......................  Manual, Cold                       3112 B
                                Vapor.
Nickel.......................  Inductively                        3120 B
                                Coupled Plasma.
                               Atomic                             3111 B
                                Absorption;
                                Direct.
                               Atomic                             3113 B
                                Absorption;
                                Furnace.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Nitrate......................  Ion                                4110 B
                                Chromatography.
                               Automated                          4500-NO3- F
                                Cadmium
                                Reduction.
                               Manual Cadmium                     4500-NO3- E
                                Reduction.
                               Ion Selective                      4500-NO3- D
                                Electrode.
                               Reduction/                         ....................  ....................  ....................   Systea Easy
                                Colorimetric.                                                                                       (1-Reagent) \8\
Nitrite......................  Ion                                4110 B
                                Chromatography.
                               Automated                          4500-NO3- F
                                Cadmium
                                Reduction.
                               Manual Cadmium                     4500-NO3- E
                                Reduction.
                               Spectrophotometr                   4500-NO2- B
                                ic.
                               Reduction/                         ....................  ....................  ....................   Systea Easy
                                Colorimetric.                                                                                       (1-Reagent) \8\
Orthophosphate...............  Ion                                4110 B
                                Chromatography.
                               Colorimetric,                      4500-P E              4500-P E-99
                                ascorbic acid,
                                single reagent.
                               Colorimetric,                      4500-P F              4500-P F-99
                                Automated,
                                Ascorbic Acid.
pH...........................  Electrometric...                   4500-H\+\ B
Selenium.....................  Hydride-Atomic                     3114 B
                                Absorption.
                               Atomic                             3113 B
                                Absorption;
                                Furnace.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Silica.......................  Colorimetric....                   ....................  ....................  D859-05
                               Molybdosilicate.                   4500-SiO2 C
                               Heteropoly blue.                   4500-SiO2 D
                               Automated for                      4500-SiO2 E
                                Molybdate-
                                reactive Silica.

[[Page 38355]]

 
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
                               Inductively                        3120 B
                                Coupled Plasma.
Sodium.......................  Atomic                             3111 B
                                Absorption;
                                Direct
                                Aspiration.
                               Axially viewed    200.5, Revision
                                inductively       4.2.
                                coupled plasma-
                                atomic emission
                                spectrometry
                                (AVICP-AES).
Temperature..................  Thermometric....                   2550
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                   Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.24(e)(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                           SM 21st  edition
         Contaminant                Methodology           EPA method             \1\             SM online \3\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benzene......................  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3 \9\          ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Carbon tetrachloride.........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Chlorobenzene................  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichlorobenzene..........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
1,4-Dichlorobenzene..........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichloroethane...........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
cis-Dichloroethylene.........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Trans-Dichloroethylene.......  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Dichloromethane..............  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichloropropane..........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Ethylbenzene.................  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Styrene......................  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Tetrachloroethylene..........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
1,1,1-Trichloroethane........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Trichloroethylene............  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Toluene......................  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene.......  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
1,1-Dichloroethylene.........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
1,1,2-Trichlorethane.........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Vinyl chloride...............  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Xylenes (total)..............  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Carbofuran...................  High-performance       .................  6610 B               6610 B-04
                                liquid
                                chromatography
                                (HPLC) with post-
                                column
                                derivatization and
                                fluorescence
                                detection.
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)..  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Ethyl dibromide (EDB)........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
Oxamyl.......................  High-performance       .................  6610 B               6610 B-04
                                liquid
                                chromatography
                                (HPLC) with post-
                                column
                                derivatization and
                                fluorescence
                                detection.
Total Trihalomethanes........  Purge & Trap/Gas       524.3              ...................  ..................
                                Chromatography/Mass
                                Spectrometry.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                     Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.25(a)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Contaminant                    Methodology          SM 21st  edition \1\            ASTM \4\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Naturally Occurring:
    Gross alpha and beta...........  Evaporation...........  7110 B                     ........................
    Gross alpha....................  Coprecipitation.......  7110 C                     ........................
    Radium 226.....................  Radon emanation.......  7500-Ra C                  ........................
                                     Radiochemical.........  7500-Ra B                  ........................
    Radium 228.....................  Radiochemical.........  7500-Ra D                  ........................
    Uranium........................  Radiochemical.........  7500-U B                   ........................
                                     ICP-MS................                             D5673-05
                                     Alpha spectrometry....  7500-U C                   ........................
Man-Made:
    Radioactive Cesium.............  Radiochemical.........  7500-Cs B                  ........................
                                     Gamma Ray Spectrometry  7120                       ........................
    Radioactive Iodine.............  Radiochemical.........  7500-I B
                                                             7500-I C
                                                             7500-I D
                                     Gamma Ray Spectrometry  7120                       ........................
    Radioactive Strontium 89, 90...  Radiochemical.........  7500-Sr B                  ........................
    Tritium........................  Liquid Scintillation..  7500-\3\H B                ........................

[[Page 38356]]

 
    Gamma Emitters.................  Gamma Ray Spectrometry  7120
                                                             7500-Cs B
                                                             7500-I B                   ........................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                   Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Organism                    Methodology        SM 21st  edition \1\               Other
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Coliform....................  Total Coliform        9221 A, B, C             .............................
                                     Fermentation
                                     Technique.
                                    Total Coliform        9222 A, B, C             .............................
                                     Membrane Filter
                                     Technique.
                                    ONPG-MUG Test.......  9223                     .............................
Fecal Coliforms...................  Fecal Coliform        9221 E                   .............................
                                     Procedure.
                                    Fecal Coliform        9222 D                   .............................
                                     Filter Procedure.
Heterotrophic bacteria............  Pour Plate Method...  9215 B                   .............................
Turbidity.........................  Nephelometric Method  2130 B                   .............................
                                    Laser Nephelometry    .......................   Mitchell M5271\10\
                                     (on-line).
                                    LED Nephelometry (on- .......................   Mitchell M5331 \11\
                                     line).
                                    LED Nephelometry      .......................   Orion AQ4500 \12\
                                     (portable).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


 Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR
                              141.74(a)(2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Residual                Methodology      SM 21st  edition \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine.................  Amperometric       4500-Cl D
                                 Titration.
                                DPD Ferrous        4500-Cl F
                                 Titrimetric.
                                DPD Colorimetric.  4500-Cl G
                                Syringaldazine     4500-Cl H
                                 (FACTS).
Total Chlorine................  Amperometric       4500-Cl D
                                 Titration.
                                Amperometric       4500-Cl E
                                 Titration (Low
                                 level
                                 measurement).
                                DPD Ferrous        4500-Cl F
                                 Titrimetric.
                                DPD Colorimetric.  4500-Cl G
                                Iodometric         4500-Cl I
                                 Electrode.
Chlorine Dioxide..............  Amperometric       4500-ClO2 C
                                 Titration.
                                Amperometric       4500-ClO2 E
                                 Titration.
Ozone.........................  Indigo Method....  4500-O3 B
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                   Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Contaminant                   Methodology             EPA method             SM 21st edition \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TTHM...............................  P&T/GC/MS............  524.3 \9\               ............................
HAA5...............................  LLE (diazomethane)/GC/ ......................  6251 B
                                      ECD.
Chlorite--daily monitoring as        Amperometric           ......................  4500-ClO2 E
 prescribed in 40 CFR                 Titration.
 141.132(b)(2)(i)(A).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


 Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR
                              141.131(c)(1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Residual               Methodology      SM 21st edition \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine................  Amperometric      4500-Cl D
                                Titration.
                               DPD Ferrous       4500-Cl F
                                Titrimetric.
                               DPD Colorimetric  4500-Cl G
                               Syringaldazine    4500-Cl H
                                (FACTS).
Combined Chlorine............  Amperometric      4500-Cl D
                                Titration.
                               DPD Ferrous       4500-Cl F
                                Titrimetric.
                               DPD Colorimetric  4500-Cl G
Total Chlorine...............  Amperometric      4500-Cl D
                                Titration.
                               Low level         4500-Cl E
                                Amperometric
                                Titration.
                               DPD Ferrous       4500-Cl F
                                Titrimetric.
                               DPD Colorimetric  4500-Cl G
                               Iodometric        4500-Cl I
                                Electrode.
Chlorine Dioxide.............  Amperometric      4500-ClO2 E
                                Method II.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 38357]]


 Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR
                 141.131(c)(2), If Approved by the State
------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Residual               Methodology             Method
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine................  Test Strips.....  Method D99-003 \5\
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                     Alternative Testing Methods for Parameters Listed at 40 CFR 141.131(d)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Parameter                             Methodology                     SM 21st edition \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)...............  High Temperature Combustion......  5310 B
                                           Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated   5310 C
                                            Persulfate Oxidation.
                                           Wet Oxidation....................  5310 D
Specific Ultraviolet Absorbance (SUVA)...  Calculation using DOC and UV254    ..................................
                                            data.
    Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC).......  High Temperature Combustion......  5310 B
                                           Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated   5310 C
                                            Persulfate Oxidation.
                                           Wet Oxidation....................  5310 D
    Ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm       Spectrophotometry................  5910 B
     (UV254).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                   Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                     SM 20th  edition     SM 21st  edition
           Organism                Methodology             \6\                  \1\             SM online \3\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E. coli.......................  Colilert.........  ...................  9223 B               9223 B-97
                                Colisure.........  ...................  9223 B               9223 B-97
                                Colilert-18......  9223 B               9223 B               9223 B-97
Enterococci...................  Multiple-Tube      ...................  ...................  9230 B-04
                                 Technique.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                    Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.704(b)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Organism                             Methodology                     SM 20th edition \6\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E. coli..................................  Membrane Filtration, Two Step....  9222 D/9222 G
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                         Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 143.4(b)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Contaminant                Methodology           EPA method             ASTM \4\           SM 21st  edition \1\           SM online \3\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aluminum........................  Axially viewed       200.5, Revision 4.2  ......................  ........................  ..........................
                                   inductively          \2\.
                                   coupled plasma-
                                   atomic emission
                                   spectrometry
                                   (AVICP-AES).
                                  Atomic Absorption;                        ......................  3111 D                    ..........................
                                   Direct.
                                  Atomic Absorption;                        ......................  3113 B                    ..........................
                                   Furnace.
                                  Inductively Coupled                       ......................  3120 B                    ..........................
                                   Plasma.
Chloride........................  Silver Nitrate                            D 512-04 B              4500-Cl- B                ..........................
                                   Titration.
                                  Ion Chromatography.                       ......................  4110 B                    ..........................
                                  Potentiometric                            ......................  4500-Cl- D                ..........................
                                   Titration.
Color...........................  Visual Comparison..                       ......................  2120 B                    ..........................
Foaming Agents..................  Methylene Blue                            ......................  5540 C                    ..........................
                                   Active Substances
                                   (MBAS).
Iron............................  Axially viewed       200.5, Revision 4.2  ......................  ........................  ..........................
                                   inductively
                                   coupled plasma-
                                   atomic emission
                                   spectrometry
                                   (AVICP-AES).
                                  Atomic Absorption;                        ......................  3111 B                    ..........................
                                   Direct.
                                  Atomic Absorption;                        ......................  3113 B                    ..........................
                                   Furnace.
                                  Inductively Coupled                       ......................  3120 B                    ..........................
                                   Plasma.
Manganese.......................  Axially viewed       200.5, Revision 4.2  ......................  ........................  ..........................
                                   inductively
                                   coupled plasma-
                                   atomic emission
                                   spectrometry
                                   (AVICP-AES).
                                  Atomic Absorption;                        ......................  3111 B                    ..........................
                                   Direct.
                                  Atomic Absorption;                        ......................  3113 B                    ..........................
                                   Furnace.
                                  Inductively Coupled                       ......................  3120 B                    ..........................
                                   Plasma.
Odor............................  Threshold Odor Test                       ......................  2150 B                    ..........................
Silver..........................  Axially viewed       200.5, Revision 4.2  ......................  ........................  ..........................
                                   inductively
                                   coupled plasma-
                                   atomic emission
                                   spectrometry
                                   (AVICP-AES).
                                  Atomic Absorption;                        ......................  3111 B                    ..........................
                                   Direct.
                                  Atomic Absorption;                        ......................  3113 B                    ..........................
                                   Furnace.
                                  Inductively Coupled                       ......................  3120 B                    ..........................
                                   Plasma.
Sulfate.........................  Ion Chromatography.                       ......................  4110 B                    ..........................
                                  Gravimetric with                          ......................  4500-SO4-2 C              4500-SO4-2 C-97
                                   ignition of
                                   residue.
                                  Gravimetric with                          ......................  4500-SO4-2 D              4500-SO4-2 D-97
                                   drying of residue.
                                  Turbidimetric                             ......................  4500-SO4-2 E              4500-SO4-2 E-97
                                   method.

[[Page 38358]]

 
                                  Automated                                 ......................  4500-SO4-2 F              4500-SO4-2 F-97
                                   methylthymol blue
                                   method.
Total Dissolved Solids..........  Total Dissolved                           ......................  2540 C                    ..........................
                                   Solids Dried at
                                   180 deg C.
Zinc............................  Axially viewed       200.5, Revision 4.2  ......................  ........................  ..........................
                                   inductively
                                   coupled plasma-
                                   atomic emission
                                   spectrometry
                                   (AVICP-AES).
                                  Atomic Absorption;                        ......................  3111 B                    ..........................
                                   Direct Aspiration.
                                  Inductively Coupled                       ......................  3120 B                    ..........................
                                   Plasma.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and 
Wastewater, 21st edition (2005). Available from American Public 
Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.
    \2\ EPA Method 200.5, Revision 4.2. ``Determination of Trace 
Elements in Drinking Water by Axially Viewed Inductively Coupled 
Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry.'' 2003. EPA/600/R-06/115. 
(Available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/ordmeth.htm.)
    \3\ Standard Methods Online are available at http://www.standardmethods.org. The year in which each method was approved 
by the Standard Methods Committee is designated by the last two 
digits in the method number. The methods listed are the only online 
versions that may be used.
    \4\ Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, 
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or http://astm.org. The methods 
listed are the only alternative versions that may be used.
    \5\ Method D99-003, Revision 3.0. ``Free Chlorine Species 
(HOCl<SUP>-</SUP> and OCl<SUP>-</SUP>) by Test Strip,'' November 21, 
2003. Available from Industrial Test Systems, Inc., 1875 Langston 
St., Rock Hill, SC 29730.
    \6\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and 
Wastewater, 20th edition (1998). Available from American Public 
Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.
    \7\ Method ME355.01, Revision 1.0. ``Determination of Cyanide in 
Drinking Water by GC/MS Headspace,'' May 26, 2009. Available at 
http://www.nemi.gov or from James Eaton, H & E Testing Laboratory, 
221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04333. (207) 287-2727.
    \8\ Systea Easy (1-Reagent). ``Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate 
Method,'' February 4, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from 
Systea Scientific, LLC., 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 
60523.
    \9\ EPA Method 524.3, Version 1.0. ``Measurement of Purgeable 
Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/
Mass Spectrometry,'' June 2009. EPA 815-B-09-009. Available at 
http://epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html.
    \10\ Mitchell Method M5271, Revision 1.1. ``Determination of 
Turbidity by Laser Nephelometry,'' March 5, 2009. Available at 
http://www.nemi.gov or from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence 
Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507.
    \11\ Mitchell Method M5331, Revision 1.1. ``Determination of 
Turbidity by LED Nephelometry,'' March 5, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley 
Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507.
    \12\ Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0. ``Determination of 
Turbidity by LED Nephelometry,'' May 8, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from Thermo Scientific, 166 Cummings Center, 
Beverly, MA 01915, http://www.thermo.com.
[FR Doc. E9-18361 Filed 7-31-09; 8:45 am]
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