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United States Office Of Air Quality EPA-454/N-95-005

Environmental Protection Planning And Standards Volume VI, No. 4

Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 Fall 1995

THE CHIEF N E W S L E T T E R

— THE CLEARINGHOUSE FOR INVENTORIES AND EMISSION FACTORS —

EPA-AWMA EMISSION INVENTORY CONFERENCE

by J. David Mobley, Conference Co-Chair

(Cont'd. on p. 2)

The fifth annual U. S. Environmental Protection AgencyAir And Waste Management Association (EPA-AWMA) Emission Inventory Conference was held October 11-13, 1995 in

Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The Conference was

dedicated to the memory of Thomas F. Lahre of EPA and Robin

Jones of Midwest Research Institute, both of whom had made

significant contributions to emission inventory work during

their careers, had contributed to past EPA-AWMA emission

inventory conferences, and had planned to participate in this

year's conference. They will be missed.

The conference was a grand success, based on hallway

conversations and exit polling of attendees. There were about

300 people at the conference, with 250 present for each of the

luncheon and keynote talks. Attendees were about 20% EPA,

25% state agencies, 20% contractors, 15% foreign, and 5%

each from academia, local agencies, industry, and other federal

agencies. EPA budget constraints kept away EPA personnel

from Regional Offices, Office Of Mobile Sources, and Washington, DC, and they were missed. However, a highlight of the

Conference was approximately 40 attendees representing 12

countries including Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Israel, Korea, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Thailand, and the United Kingdom. This diversity provided an

interesting mix of differing experience and perspective on emission inventory issues and reflected the global importance of

emission inventory activities.

The keynote address was given by John S. Seitz, Director

of EPA’s Office Of Air Quality Planning And Standards

(OAQPS). The luncheon talks were by Linda Rimer of the North

Carolina Department Of The Environment, Health, And Natural

Resources, and by Tom Helms of EPA’s Ozone Policy And

Strategies Group. All three emphasized the critical role of emission inventories in developing cost-effective control strategies. In this regard, the importance of timely access to data by

policy makers, the need for quality data — including good

emission factors — and the difficulty of meeting these challenges, especially during times of tight budgets, was a main

point acknowledged by each speaker. However, perhaps the

most gratifying point made was the assurance to the emission

inventory community of the importance of their work.

The Wrap-up Panel discussions were a good overview of

conference highlights and also identified the challenges of the

future. Panel moderator Bill Hunt, Director of OAQPS's Emissions, Monitoring, And Analysis Division (EMAD), cited the

key challenges of improved data management, enhanced partnerships, improved quality assurance, and further development

of interrelationships among emission inventories, monitoring,

and modeling. These themes were echoed by most of the other

panelists, as well as most of the audience. The emission inventory efforts of the Ozone Transport Commission in the Northeast, the Ozone Transport Assessment Group for the Eastern

United States, and the Emission Inventory Improvement Program were cited as very positive developments in data management and partnership activity. Whereas progress was also noted

in quality assurance, it was generally acknowledged that much

was still needed in this area. The desirability for uncertainty

estimates was mentioned numerous times, and more pressure

in this area seems likely.

Other noted comments included the desire for greater participation from industry, not only at the conference itself but

also in emission factor and inventory development. Activities

also seem to be shifting toward greater emphasis on particulate

matter (PM-10 and PM-2.5) and on air toxic emission inventories. Better coordination of the disparate efforts from various

EPA, state, local, industry, and academic organizations was

noted as being especially needed. More focus on data analysis — rather than data collection — was recommended. In this

regard, the need for uncertainty analysis of emission estimates

was again emphasized, as were the interrelationships of ambient monitoring, air quality modeling, and emission inventory

data. The possibility of a “shoot-out” among the candidate

emission estimation and data management software tools on

the market seemed to attract considerable interest.

The Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) was

a popular topic throughout the conference and in the Wrap-up
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(Cont'd. from p. 1)

grams are quite diverse and are advancing on many fronts, nationally and internationally. It was apparent that significant

progress has been made, and that this has been a good year for

progress on programs. Nevertheless, important issues remain to

be addressed, a serious challenge given the budget outlook.

The sixth annual conference is targeted for September 3-6,

1996 in New Orleans, and the seventh annual conference is

planned for October 27-31, 1997 in Research Triangle Park. Given

the successes of this forum, please make plans to attend and

present relevant information as well as to benefit from discussions and presentations. ?

Panel discussion. It was characterized as in the “teenager”

mode, not yet mature, difficult to deal with at times, but with

lots of potential. Products are now becoming available in

draft form and interested parties from state/local agencies

and industry were solicited to review and develop these products further.

In summary, the conference was very successful, and its

exhibits, poster sessions, mixer, breaks, and evenings provided many opportunities for informal discussions about

emission inventory, emission factor, and data management

activities. From the theme of the meeting, “Programs And

Progress”, one could conclude that emission inventory proThe Emission Factor And Inventory Group (EFIG) has

recently published the National Air Pollutant Emission

Trends, 1900-1994, EPA-454/R-95-011, October 1995. The

report contains extensive information on criteria air pollutant

emission estimates from anthropogenic sources in the United

States for the years 1900 through 1994, along with coverage

of biogenics, global warming gases, air toxics, and international emissions.

AdditionsAndImprovements

This year, EFIG has added

comparisons of historical emission

trends to economic and related activities. Included is a general discussion of important historical air

pollution regulatory efforts and

significant control milestones,

along with the likely impact of

these controls on emission levels.

These discussions, along with extensive graphs comparing emissions to the gross national product, fuel use, gasoline prices, and

other data, are included in Chapter 3 of the report.

 Several methodological improvements were made this year's

report. Methods for estimating

forest fires were updated by including state data from 11 western states,

through the Grand Canyon Visibility Transport Commission

(see Chapter 6). Other improvements include obtaining USDA/

Forest Service inventories of particulate matter and prescribed

burning, using the Office Of Mobile Source’s PART5 particulate model for the years 1970 through 1994, incorporating

results from EPA’s Residential Wood Burning Model for the

years 1985 through 1994, and developing continuous uncontrolled particle size distribution data for source categories. In

TRENDS REPORT IS NOW AVAILABLE

addition, 1990 biogenic VOC and NOX emissions were calculated

using the newly developed Biogenic Emissions Inventory System — Version 2 (BEIS2). Because of the availability of more

recent field measurements, this newer version of BEIS tends to

produce higher annual fluxes of isoprene and NOX than the earlier version (see Chapter 9).

1994 Emission Estimates

Increases seen in emission estimates over last year’s totals

can be attributed to economic growth, but

the high number of western forest fires also

contributed to larger totals for carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and

PM-10. Sulfur dioxide estimates were down

about 2% from 1993 and are expected to

continue downward through Clean Air Act

mandated programs. Nitrogen oxides saw

about a 2% increase for the same time period but are expected to decrease over the

next 20 years because of increased controls expected on utilities and mobile

sources.

Next year's report will include 1990

emission estimates directly from approximately 50% of the states, with subsequent

years' data derived with growth factors.

Eventually, the report will be based on actual state data for all years beyond 1990.

EFIG will also be looking at more accurate

methods for calculating fugitive dust emission estimates.

Copies of the report can be obtained several ways. The

executive summary and county emission density maps can be

downloaded from the Internet at http://www.epa.gov/oar/

oarhome.html. Hard copies of the report can be obtained through

the Info CHIEF help desk, (919) 541-5285, from the EPA Library,

(919) 541-2777, or for a fee, from the National Technical Information Service, (800) 553-6847. ?
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NEWS FROM CANADA

Although the 1990 emission inventory of criteria air

contaminants was just recently completed, Environment

Canada, in collaboration with the Provincial Ministries Of

The Environment And Energy, is now preparing itself for

the compilation of the 1995 inventory. A new national

data base system that will integrate emissions information, trends & forecasts, for criteria contaminants, greenhouse gases, and toxic releases, is being developed to

support this update.

Emission summaries for criteria air contaminants,

greenhouse gases, and the 178 substances collected under the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI), can

be viewed and downloaded from the Pollution Data Branch

Internet site at www.doe.ca/pdb/doe.html.

 ENVIRONMENT CANADA CONTACTS

Subject Contacts Telephone

Pollution Data Branch Ron Solman, Chief (819) 997-8545

Criteria Air Pollutants Marc Deslauriers (819) 994-3069

Greenhouse Gases Art Jaques (819) 994-3098

Air Toxics (NPRI) François Lavallé (819) 994-4073

Ambient Air Quality

 Monitoring Tom Furmanczyk (819) 994-3128

Informatics/Sytems David Allingham (819) 953-1557

Emission Forecasting Libby Greenwood (819) 953-1659

SECTION 105 GRANTS EMISSION

FACTOR INITIATIVE (ADOPT-A-FACTOR)

The Emission Factor Initiative, or “Adopt-A-Factor” program has been funded for FY 96 (pending definition of the final agency budget) at $4.5 million, to go

to the EPA Regional Offices for allocation to individual

states. This funding was provided in response to an

EFIG initiative and is intended to give states specific

resources to undertake to improve the emission factors

used in inventories, permits and other emission characterization needs.

The rationale for the program (with ideas on how it

may be implemented by individual regions and states)

was the subject of a discussion paper presented at the

recent Standing Air Emissions Work Group (SAEWG)

meeting in San Antonio, TX. The discussion paper has

since been distributed to Regional emission inventory

coordinators and is on the CHIEF BBS. The paper

may be further distributed to various state and local

individuals. It encourages efforts that can be accomplished jointly with other states and organizations, and

it stresses the need to coordinate with EFIG to avoid

redundancy, assure procedural compatibilities, and allow for maximum information sharing. To get a copy of

the paper, please download from the CHIEF BBS. If

you have questions or suggestions, call Jim

Southerland, (919) 541-5523, or e-mail to southerland.jim

@ epam ail.epa.gov. ?

 SURFACE COAL MINE STUDY REPORTS

 EFIG has recently published four reports on the development and completion of the surface coal mine study required by

Section 234 of the Clean Air Act Amendments Of 1990 (CAAA). This section required EPA to “analyze the accuracy of such

model and emission factors and make revisions as may be necessary to eliminate any significant over-prediction of air quality

effect of fugitive particulate emissions from such sources”. In response to this requirement, field and wind tunnel studies were

done over a period of two sampling seasons to probe the quality of factors and model used. As a result of these studies, several

improvements in the model have been proposed.

EFIG was responsible for determining what emission factor improvement work could be done within the available resources,

and then for managing a program to collect data and to revise emission factors based on these data. The major portion of the

emission factor improvement field work was completed in Fall 1992. Four reports were developed over the life of the project and

are now available. These reports document the review of existing surface coal mining emission factors at the time of the passage

of the CAAA and describe test plan development, the plan itself, and the results of the actual field work performed.

The surface coal mining section of AP-42 does not yet reflect the data developed during these studies, but work is under way

to revise AP-42 to reflect the improvements. A draft revision to the section is expected to be on the CHIEF BBS for comment

early in FY 96, and comments will be solicited on that draft.

Copies of the four reports, Review Of Surface Coal Mining Emission Factors, EPA-454-R-95-007 (NTIS # PB95-226403),

Development Of A Plan For A Surface Coal Mine Study, EPA-454/R-95-008 (NTIS # PB95-221453), Surface Coal Mine Study

Plan, EPA-454/R-95-009 (NTIS # PB95-231403), and Surface Coal Mine Emission Factor Field Study, EPA-454/R-95-010 (NTIS

# PB95-239240), are available for a fee from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), (800) 553-6847. For further

information on how to obtain these reports, contact Info CHIEF, (919) 541-5285. For information on the modeling aspects of

these studies, contact Joe Touma at EPA, MD-14, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, (919) 541-5381. ?
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More Q & As in the next issue!

Call Info CHIEF, (919) 541-5285, if you have questions!

INFO CHIEF'S MOST FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Some hot topics, with information on each.

vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

Q: I just received my new Air CHIEF CD-ROM, version

4.0. When I installed and tried to open the file for the first

time, I got the error message, "Unable to start Folio Server,

error creating file %s". Does this mean that my CD-ROM is

corrupt?

A: No, this does not mean that the CD-ROM is corrupt.

This error message will appear on certain types of computer

system or configurations — but never fear! There is a relatively simple solution. All you need to do is create a "TEMP"

directory under your hard drive directory. This means that, if

your hard drive is "C:", then type "MD C:\TEMP" at the

Microsoft Disk Operating System® (MS-DOS) prompt or create this directory in your Windows® File Manager. Next, edit

the "AUTOEXEC.BAT" (or "CONFIG.SYS") file so that there is

a line that reads "SET TEMP=C:\TEMP". If the configuration

already sets the TEMP directory under the WINDOWS or DOS

subdirectory, you must remove the subdirectory from the statement. Then reboot your computer for these changes to take

effect, and the Air CHIEF viewer should then work properly.

Q: I have heard that there is a new version of FIRE available. Is this a Windows® version?

A: We have just released FIRE version 5.1, but it is not in

Windows® format. It is now available on the CHIEF BBS

under menu item "F" ("AP-42 / EF Guidance") and then under

menu item "5" ("FIRE Software System"). This is primarily a

software update with added interface features and improvements, and is not compatible with existing user modules. Only

two emission factors have changed since the 5.0 release. Installation of FIRE version 5.1 software will overwrite any earlier software version and any earlier Criteria and Toxic Distribution modules. While this will not overwrite any earlier usercreated modules, those older modules are not compatible and

cannot be accessed with the new version 5.1 software. Therefore, you may wish to save any existing user modules along

with the older version of the software elsewhere before installing FIRE Version 5.1.

The Air CHIEF CD-ROM includes the FIRE version 5.0

infobase, which does operate under Microsoft Windows®,

therefore it's possible to obtain FIRE data using the Windows®

platform.

Q: I have heard that there is supposed to be a new version

of TANKS for Windows® available soon. Is this true, and if so,

when will it be available?

A: We plan to come out with a new version, TANKS3,

sometime in early 1996, but it will not require Microsoft Windows® to function. We have chosen to remain with the MSDOS format instead. The new version of TANKS will contain

many new features, including:

• multiple data directories and merge data directories

• the ability to copy partial or full tank data without having

to create a profile

• the program will automatically perform a data quality

check on start-up and will automatically pack the data bases

on exit, which should help prevent indexing problems

• users can add, view/edit, delete, and print information

for deck fittings and rim seals

• about 70 chemicals have been added to the chemical

data base

Stay tuned to the CHIEF BBS Alerts and the CHIEF

Newsletter for announcements about the appearance of

TANKS3 on the CHIEF BBS.

Q: I have tried to use Fax CHIEF to obtain AP-42 Chapter 7 on Liquid Storage Tanks, but when I dialed in the document number, it kept saying that it was an "invalid entry".

How can I get a copy of that chapter?

A: The document number for Chapter 7 of AP-42 has

changed because we have divided it into four parts because of

its length. If you do not have the most current document

index, then you are using the wrong document number to order this section, and you will receive the "invalid entry" message. Whenever you use the Fax CHIEF, it's a good idea to

order the Document Index (document number "1" or "000001"),

because we update it every time we make any changes in the

contents or structure of the Fax CHIEF service. If you

encounter this sort of problem again, try to correct the situation simply by getting the new Document Index before having

to call Info CHIEF. However, if you still need help, give us a

call and we will be more than happy to assist you.
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THE 1995 AWMA EMISSION INVENTORY CONFERENCE:

PARTICIPANTS GIVE THEIR PERSPECTIVE

"The Emission Inventory: Programs And Progress" international conference, in Research Triangle Park, NC, was a big

success, attracting attendees from federal, state and local agencies, industry and consulting firms, and others. We asked some

attendees to give us opinions on this year's emission inventory conference, and we received some enthusiastic responses and

suggestions.

The presentations seemed very well done this year. I was especially interested in the paper, "Economic,

Demographic, And Regulatory Influences On Historic Trends", by Nizich, Chappell and Bollman because it

contained a success story for EPA regulations (the effect of regulations on monitored levels of Pb [lead]). We

need to hear more of these success stories. . . . All of the panelists helped to remind us of the challenge of

pursuing quality in our data results, and, in general, putting the data that we do have to better use. But, William

Barnard, from Pechan and Associates, in his comments about information management systems software

positively galvanized me. His suggestion that AWMA and EPA organize a "software shoot-out" to compare the

available software and their various functionalities and rate them, is, I think, an excellent suggestion. It's

difficult for all the state and local agencies to have on hand the requisite expertise to make informed comparisons

and evaluations of these products. — Mike Fishburn (TNRCC)

The joint theme of the conference, "Programs And Progress", reflected well the scope of many of the

papers. Better and more detailed inventories (especially with respect to uncertainties and temporal/spatial

allocation), rather than innovative technologies and methodologies, showed the maturing of emission inventories.

In-depth presentations of fugitive dust as the major source of PM-10 in the U.S. were especially interesting to

me because of my experience in this area. — Mary Ann Grelinger (MRI)

It was a chance for the community to share views and is a forum that should be considered for the future.

The technical seminars that I attended were very good. I would encourage the conference to try to get papers that

go beyond plug and chug uses of existing regulatory data sets and models, and that deal with critical issues of

methodology (e. g., how to report variation in emissions, precision and accuracy of test methods, interpretation

of data, data transfer, etc.). — Anonymous

It was interesting to get a picture [of] how the emission inventories are managed and [are] pulled into policy

decisions. However, the information about EIIP progress and some of the computer software presentations were

the only places that I felt that industry was a part of the target audience. As always, the most useful and

enjoyable part of the conference was meeting folks from all different areas and exchanging information face to

face in a very informal way. — Donna Bust, (Naval Facilities, EFA-NW)

Overall, the conference was excellent. . . . I would like to see a single, separate session next year devoted to

PM — possibly subdivided into monitoring, modeling and actual inventory issues. . . . My only negative was the

overwhelming amount of time devoted to mobile emission inventories — I would be more careful in future

conferences to prevent a single issue from dominating. — Bob Wayland (SAIC)

I was most impressed by the variety of materials presented during the Emission Conference. It is amazing

what is being accomplished. There were many presentations on studies to help develop emissions estimates and

many ways to quality assure and use the data. . . . My most memorable experience, however, was a discussion

with individuals from Canada, Austria and Australia. [They expressed to me] that whether I accepted it or not,

the US EPA was an international leader in environmental protection. . . .[and they were] amazed with how well

our states work with the US EPA and share information. . . . This experience has given me a better appreciation

of what US EPA has accomplished and our international influence. — Ellen Baldridge (US EPA)

Mike Fishburn summed up his impression of the 1995 AWMA Emission Inventory Conference this way:

I left the conference feeling energized and recommitted to another year of emissions inventory work. I was

re-convinced [that] week, with the help of my fellow professionals, that what we are doing in Emissions Inventory

is interesting, meaningful, and worthwhile. I hope that I can return next year.

The CHIEF Newsletter staff would like to thank all the respondents who gave us their input. We hope that next year's

emission inventory conference in New Orleans will prove to be as successful as this one was. See you there! ?
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EIIP: WHAT IT IS . . . AND WHAT IT ISN’T

The Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP), begun in 1993, is sponsored and funded by the State And Territorial

Air Pollution Program Administrators (STAPPA) and the Association Of Local Air Pollution Control Officers (ALAPCO), with

committee membership from state and local agencies, industry, and EPA. The goal of the EIIP program is to obtain cost-effective,

reliable inventories by improving the quality of emissions data and by developing systems for collecting, calculating, storing,

and reporting these data.

Toward this goal, EIIP has license to be involved in most areas related to the emission inventory process. However,

decisions made by the EIIP Steering Committee and its Working Committees have considerably narrowed the scope of the

program. The decisions to limit the program have been based on the amount of resources available, on existing programs already

addressing various inventory issues, and on the expertise available on the various Working Committees.

EIIP has chosen to take advantage of existing information. It is not equipped to perform or sponsor research. EIIP assembles

all available information pertaining to estimating emissions from a particular source category (e. g., boilers). A committee then

chooses the most appropriate procedures, standardizes their presentation, and describes the circumstances under which it is

appropriate to use each choice. Users select which methods to use, based on particular circumstances and on the ultimate use

of the data. If a research need is identified, a request will be made on appropriate research organization.

EIIP does not develop new emission factors, neither will EIIP documents replace AP-42 (see related article, page 7). EIIP

relies on emission factors developed by other groups and made available in AP-42. Users of EIIP documents are referred to the

appropriate section(s) of AP-42 for selecting emission factors or for detailed process information.

EIIP is developing a process for exchanging emissions data among various user groups (e. g., state to state, state to EPA,

state/EPA to the public). EIIP is not developing a data management system. EIIP data format and transfer protocol will be

independent of the sending or receiving group’s data management system. An organization providing emissions data to another

group will convert its data to a standard format and then make the file available for public access. The receiving organization will

convert from the standard format to its system format and will use data as if generated internally. These procedures will allow

each group to continue using its own data management system and will require only that a converter be built to change to and

from the standard transfer format.

 EIIP will provide standardization and predictability to the inventory process, while allowing an organization to meet its

needs in the most cost-effective manner. By selecting EIIP procedures, group-to-group consistency will be enhanced. Adopting

the EIIP data format and transfer protocol will expedite movement of data from location to location and will simplify data

processing. For more information, contact Steve Bromberg, (919) 541-1000. ?

RAMP EMISSION INVENTORY UPDATE

The Russian Air Management Project (RAMP) is making great progress in the emission inventory

area. Radian Corporation has work assignments to work cooperatively with Russian officials to develop

an area source and point source inventory for a selected study area in Volgograd and then to compare

methods and results used there and the United States. The next step is working with Russian Federation authorities to determine if any of the methods used in the U. S. are valid and compatible for use

by them in their national inventory efforts. Radian is being assisted in the Volgograd portions of the

effort by Institute Agroproject, in Volgograd, and at the national level by the Scientific Research

Institute For Atmospheric Air Protection, in St. Petersburg. Both institutes are serving as Radian

subcontractors and are “privatized” institutions that were previously part of the government structure; thus, cooperation with local government officials in Volgograd and with the Ministry officials

in Moscow has been very good.

Jim Southerland, the EPA work assignment manager for the inventory work, has coordinated

closely with the Russians. He and Radian representatives have reviewed the first draft of the area

source work in St. Petersburg and have discussed steps for assisting the Russians in adopting appropriate U. S. methods and

factors to improve Russian efforts, which are now being considered in the Duma (legislative body). Work is expected to continue

at least through next summer, as some potential verification sampling by Radian cannot be completed until the warmer season.

Some reports from the area and point source work done in Volgograd are expected before the end of the calendar year. These

report results are to be compatible, and in consonance, with work on "low cost measures" being done in Volgograd by Science

Application International Corporation and others. Other aspects of air quality management being studied and discussed as part

of the overall RAMP program. For more information, contact Jim Southerland, (919) 541-5523. ?
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DOES EIIP REPLACE AP-42?

No! Documents produced by EIIP do not, and are not

intended to, replace the Compilation Of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, AP-42. The documents are complementary.

Upon reading, one should see little similarity between

the two documents. While both contain small amounts of

overlapping material, they are written for different purposes

and for different primary audiences. The EIIP document presents a brief overview of the process to be inventoried and

then describes input variables needed to estimate emissions.

There is a major section devoted to calculations. The EIIP

Procedures documents provide guidance on estimating emissions.

The AP-42 section contains more process description

detail. It includes a complete reference section and only briefly

discusses required calculations. An analogy to comparing

the two documents would be equating DOS For Dummies

and the MS DOS Manual. DOS For Dummies is written so

that the user can make the computer work. The DOS Manual

is for those who want to understand the details of both how

and why the computer works. Similarly, the EIIP document

provides details on how, and what to do, to make an emission

estimate. AP-42 provides process information in greater detail for the person requiring such knowledge.

The EIIP document provides a selection of methods for

making emission estimates and says what data are needed to

make the estimates and where needed information is found.

AP-42 is the current source of emission factors (referenced

by the EIIP documents) and is also a companion reference for

those who want a fuller description of a particular process.

It has been suggested that the two documents should

be combined. Such an action would diminish the usefulness

of each. Placing EIIP procedures in AP-42 would defeat the

purpose of providing simple, straightforward instructions.

Rather than getting brief, concise help on how to make an

emission estimate, a user would be faced with the "world’s

knowledge" on a particular source. As technology allows,

though, the two documents may become electronically linked

(providing the user with the best of both).

Combining the two would also diminish the usefulness

of AP-42. Now it is considered a complete reference for emission factors. Adding calculations and other miscellaneous

information would detract from its main mission and would

make it more difficult to keep current.

Each document fills a requirement in the inventory community. The overlap in process descriptions is positive in

the sense that it bridges the two sources of information. ?

FIRE 5.0 SOURCE CLASSIFICATION CODE LIST

The FIRE Version 5.0 Source Classification Code And

Emission Factor Listing For Criteria Air Pollutants, EPA-454/

R-95-012, is now available. This report provides Source Classification Codes (SCC) and uncontrolled emission factors from the

EPA's Factor Information Retrieval (FIRE) System, Version 5.0,

July 1995, for use in the estimation, storage, and retrieval of

point source data on air emissions. Codes and factors are presented for the seven criteria pollutants. This document updates

and replaces the March 1990 AIRS Facility Subsystem Source

Classification Codes And Emission Factor Listing For Criteria Air Pollutants, EPA-450/4-90-003. The main goal of this

document is to assist state air pollution emission inventory personnel preparing air emissions data for submission to EPA, as

required by Part 40 of the Code Of Federal Regulations.

The FIRE version 5.0 factors, for the most part, are taken

directly from the AP-42 Fifth Edition. In certain cases, however,

they may be based on the similarity of a process to one for which

emission information does exist. Factors presented in the document are uncontrolled, unless the SCC description specifies otherwise. For both controlled and uncontrolled sources, the user

is encouraged to use any valid site-specific data before using

the average emission factors presented in the document. For a

controlled facility, it is hoped that a source test or a control

efficiency estimate would be available.

The SCC list used in this report is up to date and is compatible with the point source codes used in EPA's AIRS Facility

Subsystem as of June 1995. The AIRS Facility Subsystem is to

be periodically updated using the FIRE emission factors, and

new SCCs are also added (without emission factors) as needed.

Periodic updates of both the FIRE emission factors and the

SCC list will be on the CHIEF BBS as part of the FIRE data

base updates. To make comments, suggestions, or queries regarding the report, contact Ron Ryan, (919) 541-4330. ?

RECENT LOSSES

We regretfully report that Robin Barker Jones, 32, of Midwest Research Institute passed away on July 27. Robin's family

has established a scholarship in her honor at North Carolina

State University, administered by Thomas Worth, P. O. Box 5281,

Greensboro, NC 27435. Robin was the project leader for the

development of, and technical support for, the TANKS data base.

Robin will be greatly missed professionally and personally, and

our sympathies go to her surviving family members.

We also sadly note the sudden passing, on Aug. 19th, of

Tom Lahre, 48, a long time OAQPS colleague known to many

readers of this Newsletter. Tom gave a score of years to the

Agency in several important positions, including staffing AP-42

and launching the Locating And Estimating series of toxic pollutant documents. Our sympathies go to his widow, Linda, and

to their daughter, Kirsten. ?

Call Info CHIEF

 at

(919) 541-5285!
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The CHIEF Newsletter

Volume VI, No. 4

Fall 1995

The CHIEF Newsletter is produced quarterly by the Emission Factor And Inventory

Group; Emissions, Monitoring, And Analysis Division; of EPA’s Office Of Air Quality

Planning And Standards. Its purpose is to enhance communication within the emission

factor and inventory community by providing new and useful information and by allowing

for the exchange of information between and among its readers. Comments on the

Newsletter and articles for inclusion in it are welcome and should be directed to Emission

Factor And Inventory Group (MD-14), US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711;

telephone (919) 541-5493.

The contents of The CHIEF Newsletter do not necessarily reflect the views and

policies of the Agency, neither does the mention of trade names or commercial products

constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

UNITED STATES

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

EMISSION FACTOR AND INVENTORY GROUP (MD-14)

RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC 27711

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300

AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER

FIRST CLASS MAIL

POSTAGE AND FEES PAID

EPA

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