# Patent

## Title
Emergency notification device and system

## Abstract

An audio warning monitoring device, system and method including an audio detector, one or more audio screens to determine if monitored sound is an alarm, a processor or logic device to potentially analyze sound data and then instruct a transmitter to send a message with the monitoring device identification and signals representing sound detected by the audio detector to a server. The computer server analyzes the message and authenticates the audio detector, looks up user data associated with the detector, and contacts a user from previously stored user data in order to notify of the alert and then relay the audio signals in an audio file. At the user's option, the server may contact a staffed or automated monitoring center. Here a human operator may listen to the signals in the audio file and take appropriate action, such as calling the location of the alarm for verification or contacting a professional first responder(s).

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a Divisional Application of prior U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/121,677 filed May 15, 2008 now U.S. Pat. No. 8,018,337 and entitled EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION DEVICE AND SYSTEM which is now U.S. Publication No. US-2009-0033505 published Feb. 5, 2009 which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/953,740, filed Aug. 3, 2007 and entitled SMOKE DETECTOR NOTIFICATION SYSTEM, all of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The power of attorney and correspondence address was changed during the prosecution of the prior application and a new power of attorney was filed on Feb. 21, 2011 and accepted on Mar. 1, 2011.


TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to emergency detection and warning equipment, and more specifically remote emergency or warning notification devices.
BACKGROUND ART
In an emergency it is important to rapidly and accurately alert both authorities and property owner about the existence of the emergency situation. Rapid notification may make the difference between containment of an emergency situation, such as a fire, and total loss of properties or building(s). In extreme cases, this may make the difference between life and death. If the emergency situation is a robbery or other security breach, rapid communication of the emergency situation and information relating to the emergency situation may allow for apprehending a suspect, rather than loss of property or potential injury to inhabitants.
Fire danger provides a substantial risk to property and lives. According to National Fire Protection Association 2005 statistics, in that year 1,600,000 fires were reported nationally resulted in 17,925 civilian injuries, 3,675 civilian deaths, and over 10 billion dollars in damage. More rapid notification could result in mitigation of these losses.
Current building codes in many areas require certain safety devices. For example, in many urban areas a smoke detector is required in every bedroom, kitchen and living room of a residential structure. This can reduce risk of loss of life during a fire. Such detectors can sense smoke, heat and/or carbon monoxide. If one or more of these are detected, an audio alert is sounded to provide inhabitants an indication that they need to evacuate the structure. However such static detectors have a number of limitations. These include:
1. If the building does not have any people in it at the time of an emergency, then potentially no one will hear the alarm sound. In the case of a fire, the emergency may only be noted once neighbors see flames or smoke. By the time smoke or flames are spotted, the structure may have experienced considerable damage or total loss and could even pose a danger to surrounding structures. At night, it is much less likely that neighbors will spot a fire until substantial damage has occurred. For remote structures that do not have proximate neighbors or that are only occupied seasonally, the risk of total loss if uninhabited is significantly greater.
2. Certain inhabitants within a structure may not respond to an alarm. Children are known to sleep especially deeply and are difficult to rouse, even if an alarm is sounding. Older adults may have hearing difficulties, may remove hearing aids at night, and may use sleep aids that result in these individuals being more difficult to rouse. In addition, pets, even if they hear an alarm, will not be able to escape a structure during an emergency.
3. Some alarms, such as static motion detectors or sensors on windows or doors, sound an alarm when motion is detected or a window or door is opened. However, for simple and inexpensive systems, such alarms are not otherwise connected to outside parties. If the alarm is tripped, sound and/or lights are used as the primary deterrent of a potential intruder. If a user wishes to upgrade such a system generally requires replacement of the lower cost system, to a much higher cost integrated system.
To address these problems, some devices have been designed to mitigate such problems. One such device is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,850,601. This device is a security detection system that includes a detection unit capable of detecting an emergency or warning condition, such as a break in. The unit is in communication with a remote central server. The detection unit may be connected to the server by a dial up modem and connected to a telephone seizure unit. If the emergency condition is detected, the detection unit blocks the telephone from communicating through a telephone line, but does allow this detection unit to send electronic data to the server. The unit may be able to do this even if the line from the phone to the unit is cut, or if the phone line is opened (as by actuating a handset to get a dial tone or lifting a phone from a base on older phones). Once information is sent to the server, a server database may send the information to one or more designated recipients, such as a public or private first responder or to a property owner. The server also monitors whether the designated recipient has responded to the information. If there has been no response, the information is sent to a staffed or automated monitoring station. The designated party may send additional information to the detection unit via the server.
It is an object of the invention to provide a low cost solution to property owners to allow remote monitoring of audio alarms and access to audio information.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The above and other objects are achieved with a method and system for audio monitoring of warning alarms. In one embodiment, this can be a device including an audio detection component, a processor or logic device, a transmission component and a downstream relay, such as a server that can contact a decision maker who reviews an audio file from the audio detection component. The audio detection component allows detection of an alarm, which may be up to 100 feet or more away from the device. The processor or logic unit receives an alert, which is screened using various screening components. These screening components may be one or more of the following group: a sound level filter (which may include a switch allowing a user to set a threshold sound level for triggering the alarm), a tone range filter, and a sound duration processor. If the processor determines that the screened audio data is a warning alarm, an associated transmission component sends a message with audio information representing the audio data and contacts a server. A server may include, for example, any application or device that performs services for clients as part of a client-server architecture. During the transmission of the message an acknowledgement signal from the server could be sent back. The message sent to the server at least includes a signal to identify the emergency notification device and optionally audio information from the audio detection component with screened audio data, or a means to relay the audio information to the server. The signal to identify the emergency notification device is correlated to contact data known to be stored in the server.
An alternative characterization of the invention is a system including the device as above and a linked remote server. This linked remote server may be contacted by the device using a phone land line, a cellular phone connection, using a wireless transfer protocol such as IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi for example, or by any other means of communication. The remote server identifies the emergency notification device, looks up associated contact data (such as address where the device is located, and backup contact phone numbers, e-mail addresses, text message contact information, etc.) The server then transmits to at least one contact an automated message and optionally the audio file. If the user has instructed the server to a heightened security level or if the contact data does not result in a potential acknowledge signal (e.g., the message goes to voicemail), the server may transmit the audio file and alert data to a staffed monitoring center, potentially in the future an automated monitoring center that notifies authorities. Operators at the staffed monitoring center may then determine the nature of the information in the audio file that generated the alarm and the location where the alarm is sounding to attempt to reach the inhabitants and/or contact a first responder (e.g., police, fire department, etc.).



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an overall diagram of an emergency detector and elements of an embodiment of the emergency detection device.
FIG. 2 is a top view of an embodiment of an emergency detector notification device that is plugged into a phone system.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of one embodiment of the present system.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an audio detection unit configured to relay to a central unit.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
With reference to FIG. 1 an emergency detector 10 may be a smoke detector, a heat detector, a carbon monoxide detector, a burglar alarm, a motion sensor, a water detector to detect flooding, or any other similar emergency detection device either known or to be developed in the future. The one common feature of such emergency alarm detectors is that they provide an audible indication of an emergency condition.
This audio alert is detected by unit 8. On unit 8, a microphone 12 which continually monitors ambient sound detects the loud alarm sound.
An optional sound level switch (physical or embedded in electronic logic or software) 14 may set a threshold detection level. A “switch” includes any fixed or programmable device set by the user, allowing sensitivity control. Sound detection may be set at a certain sensitivity level. Sound exceeding this threshold triggers activation of the rest of the system.
The audio signal passes through a sound level filter 16. If this signal meets or exceeds a pre-determined volume level, the signal may be sent to a tone range filter 18 to be used to distinguish or filter out tones or background noise not within the normal audio alarm frequencies (e.g., dog barking, loud music, etc.). This may all be integrated through a processor 42 (e.g., a microprocessor), or a logic controller component.
Processor 42 may analyze the sound level and tone range from sound level filter 16 and tone range filter 18 or directly from the microphone 12 and note the duration of the audio signal. If the duration exceeds a threshold, the processor 42 considers this an alarm condition and may store a recording of audio signal in memory 20. This signal may be either filtered or unfiltered sound.
As soon as an alarm condition is identified by the processor 42, a phone dialer 44 (operating through a phone jack 46 and connected to a household phone jack 50 by a wire) allows the unit 8 to contact server 52. This may be done using standard POTS service, VoIP service or any other means of telecommunication including but not limited to wireless or cellular communications. If the service center is busy the processor may be instructed to either dial an alternative number and/or retry multiple times. Once connected to the server 52, the detector unit 8 transmits a unique identification sequence to the server 52. The identification may include the type of alarm that is being transmitted. The server 52, using automated database, identifies the specific detector unit which is transmitting. The server 52 may send back a confirmation tone or tone sequence acknowledgment sent to confirm that the unique identification has either been accepted or rejected by the server. If the identification is rejected or a time interval passes (e.g., for example, 30 seconds or greater timeout) the emergency notification device terminates transmission and retries additional times before resetting.
Upon authentication of the emergency detection device 8, the emergency detection device then either sends the audio file saved in a buffer memory or sends a direct audio data/track transmission from sound monitor 12 to server 52. This may be sent as uncompressed or compressed audio data, including but not limited to, for example, an MP3 audio data file. In the situation of the direct connection of microphone 12 to server 52 on an open phone line, then near real time ambient sounds (filtered or not) are transmitted, representing sounds occurring at the location surrounding the emergency detection unit 8, and an audio file is created at the service center.
The server 52 may then take one of a number of actions. A call may be sent to a phone 54 associated with the unique identification of emergency detection unit 8. This may be a cell phone of property owners, a phone of a property caretaker or neighbor, or other designated party. This person reviews the audio file and decides what action should be taken, i.e., whether the audio file represents a real or a false alarm. Optionally, server 52 could also send the alert data and optionally the audio file to staffed or automated monitoring center 56. This monitoring center 56 will allow the potential review of the audio file by an agent. The agent at the monitoring center 56 may call the property location in an attempt to verify an alert, call alternative numbers to verify the emergency, or contact a third party, fire department, police department, property manager, or other first responder after review of the audio file and determining that a true emergency situation exists.
As shown in FIG. 1, the device may have a number of optional features. A plug 70 may be used to power the device. Alternatively (or in addition) a battery 22 may provide the unit power or auxiliary power. The power is fed through power management module 21 which provides power to the elements of the system. The phone line may also power the device.
The phone jack 46 may also be linked to secondary phone jack 32. A phone 30 may be plugged into phone jack 32. The use of this two-jack system on the device 8 allows the device to be used without requiring a separate wall phone jack. Alternative configurations may allow the device 8 to communicate over a computer network or be a wireless device that communicates via cellular, wireless data networks to the server or directly with a personal computer, cell phone, or other wireless technology.
The present embodiment can hear an audio detector alarm up to 100 feet or more away. In particular, it is able to detect standard approved smoke detector.
The basic components of the invention are adaptable to analog phone lines, VoIP phone lines, wireless cellular phone communication, or any other type of data communication protocols including IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi protocols, Ethernet and others.
The user can subscribe to various levels of protection. In one level of protection, a fully automated protection plan would be provided by the server 52. When the server 52 detects an alarm, a transmission of notifications may be sent. These could be automated phone calls with a recorded message and a recording of sound from the microphone of the device. Alternatively, or in addition, the server 52 may send out an electronic message, such as email, SMS, MMS, text message, or other electronic notification to a secondary device.
In another level of protection, a staffed or automated monitoring center could also respond to the alert.
With reference to FIG. 2, the device is shown having a registered phone plug 72 attached by a wire to the body of the emergency detection device. An indicator light 70 allows indication that the device is working. This may be a very low power LED light. Buttons 74, 76 may be pressed to test and reset the device, respectively, or could be combined. Reset button 76 may be used for false alarms to reset the server 52 of FIG. 1. Test button 74 may serve two functions. First, this may be used to calibrate the server 52. In addition, it may also serve to ensure that the alarm is properly functioning.
With reference to FIG. 3, a flow chart shows operation of the basic system in which sound is continuously monitored (block 100). An initial filter determines if monitored sound exceeds a given threshold (block 102). A user may be able to set this threshold. The device may include a switch in which a user selects the sound threshold (e.g., high, medium, low), setting device sensitivity. If the sound does not exceed the threshold the device simply continues to monitor the ambient sound (block 100). If the threshold is exceeded, the device determines if the tone measured is within a selected range (block 104). If the tone is consistent with an alarm, the sound data is sent to a processor.(The term “processor” should be understood to mean either a microprocessor, a microcontroller or a logic device such as a PLD.) If not, the device continues to monitor the ambient sound (block 100). The processor analyzes the sound data (block 106). This may include determining the duration of the sound signal for example, or any other type of alarm sound signature, such as, for example, its cadence, its frequency or its sound envelope. If the sound data is consistent with an alarm, the device will transmit the device identification and audio verification, potentially as a sound audio file (e.g., MP3 file, wav file, audio data or other digital or analog electronic audio information with signals representing sounds captured by the microphone and filtered by the processor, to the server.) Blocks 100-108 may occur at the audio detection device or in a central unit. At the server, the server device attempts to authenticate the detection device ID (block 110). If the device is not authenticated a failure notice is sent (block 112) to the audio transmission device, which would attempt again to contact the server (block 108). If the device is authenticated, the device either unpacks the audio file in a message sent by the transmission component or creates an audio file with sounds captured by the microphone in the case of a direct connection to the microphone. The server then looks up in a database the user contact data (block 111), and then send an alert to using the contact data (block 114). Most commonly, this will be a replay of the captured audio and a created or recorded message to one or more phone numbers. The property owner may request to have a number of phones or mobile devices contacted by the server at the same time. The user who receives the alert may determine whether the sound is a false alarm and then may have the option of summoning a responder (by calling the police department, fire department, 911, etc.). Alternatively, the user may be able to simply reset the alarm. (return to block 100). If a higher class of service is set up the audio file and alert data would be sent to a staffed or automated monitoring center (block 118). Here an operator could listen to the audio data and take an appropriate action, such as calling the phone number of the address where the alarm is located (block 120) or calling a first responder (block 122).
One of skill in the art will understand that the various embodiments could be characterized in different ways. In addition, various substitutions and alterations are possible. A single audio monitoring device could monitor a number of different household alarms, such as a fire alarm, water detection alarm, motion detector, and burglar alarms. If these alarms produce a different tone, the audio monitoring device could distinguish each tone and the server could correspondingly be programmed to respond to each tone with a customized message and potentially different alerts. The transmission device may be a phone land line, a cellular phone connection, an internet data connection (including cable, satellite, DSL, etc.), a wireless data communication protocol (such as Bluetooth®, IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi 802.16 WiMax and others), wireline data communication protocols such as Ethernet, a networked device, etc. The processor may have programming or components that allow the processor to perform a number of the screening functions, including sound and tone screening, length of alarm screening, or other audio screening. Alternatively these may be performed by components other than a processor. The alarm detector may, in addition to the audio sound, send a signal to the monitoring device, via a transmission method such as a wireless connection.
The monitoring device may in some embodiments, be manufactured as part of an audio warning device, such as a smoke detector having this component integrated into the detector.
The audio alarm device may include a number of additional features. In the illustrated embodiment, the audio detection component 8 is shown linked by wires to a telephone input and output. The device could also be configured to have a wireless communication transmitter, such that the communication component is a wireless link that communicates to a network. This could use any of a number of wireless communication protocols.
The processor 42 and/or the configuration of the filters could be configured to allow a training mode. In the training mode the device could “learn” to recognize both an alarm, and a number of background noises. For example, if a “train” button/function were activated and then an emergency alarm activated, the sound level filters and tone range filters and/or the processor could adjust to ensure that the alarm could be detected. Such adjustment could include, but are not limited to, adjustment as to tones detected, recognition of patterns, adjustment of gain settings, and other setting adjustments. In addition or alternatively, a training mode could be used to recognize background noises, either with or without the additional audio contribution from the alarm.
Another feature could be a translator. For the purposes of this document, “translate” means to convert an audio sound into any different sort of data that is more easily sent over a telephone line. Any component which is a “translator” is one able to translate, as defined herein. Translating a signal could be detecting an alarm, and having the frequency altered so that the signal could be sent over a bandwidth-limited phone line. Alternatively, the translation could be converting the detected alarm into a different signal, such as a voice simulation of the time and/or location and/or duration of the alarm. Alternatively, the translator could produce a tone signal, recognized by a server as indicative of the alarm. In FIG. 1, the translator 17 received the audio signal from the sound level filter and passes the sound signal to the tone level filter. Alternative configurations are possible, as all configurations illustrated are exemplary.
Another feature that may be added is a temperature sensor, such as element 11 in FIG. 1. This temperature sensor could allow the system to be activated if the temperature exceeds or falls below a threshold. Low temperature could indicate a broken furnace or loss of structure integrity during cold weather. High temperature could indicate a fire, and be used in addition to the audio monitoring to provide additional information during an emergency event. Temperature sensor 11 may be connected to the processor to allow production of a signal indicating that the temperature has moved above or below a high or low threshold.
In addition a power monitoring feature could be included, as shown with element 23 on device 8 in FIG. 1. This could monitor the power to the alarm detection unit itself from any power source, including the power line, the phone line or the battery, or it could be wired to detect power interruption to the building. This could be just a simple plug, allowing communication through a phone line (which would remain working during a blackout) that power to a structure has been interrupted. The audio detector could also be configured to detect the “chirp” or other audio indicator from an audio alarm that sound to note that a battery is low. This could be detected and transmitted to the server.
The audio detection unit may be a single, standalone unit. Alternatively, the audio detection unit could be one of a plurality of independent or linked units. Some structures have multiple rooms separated by both distance and sound obstructions (such as doors, elevation changes, corners and other structural features that reduce sound travel). A number of audio detection units may be used in such a structure. These could either each be linked to a communication component that communicates with a server, or could all be linked (either through hard wiring or could have wireless communication) with a central unit. This is shown in FIG. 4. The method to link the units can include, as an example, power line networking or wireless technologies. In FIG. 4, the audio detection unit 300 sends signal to a central unit 310. Central unit 310 is configured to receive monitoring signals from any one of the audio detection units. If any of the audio detection units relay a signal indicative of an alarm sounding or other detection of an emergency condition, a signal is sent (through either wireless or telephone or other wired signal sending means) to the server 312.
An “emergency condition alarm” may be either a device within a structure that produces an audio signal if a condition exists (e.g., water detector, smoke detector, burglar alarm, temperature detector, carbon monoxide detector, heat detector, etc.). In addition, the emergency condition alarm can also be a whistle or tone generator activated by an individual in an emergency situation. For example, if a fall occurs and an occupant is unable to get up, a tone generator worn about the neck can be used to provide a signaling tone to alert the system that help is required.

## Claims

1. A system for emergency notification comprising;
an audio monitoring device including:
an audio detection component;
a transmission component configured to send audio data as a message either directly or through an intermediary device, said message including device identification information and audio data; and

a server remote from said audio detection component, said server including a database of audio monitoring device identification information, wherein monitoring device identification is associated with user data, and said server is configured to:
a) receive said message; and
b) generate an alert to at least one user including the device identification information and audio data together.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said audio detection component has associated filters configured to screen audio data.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein said server is configured to send the audio data portion of the message using said user data.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein said audio detection component includes a sound level threshold filter.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein said sound level threshold filter includes a fixed or programmable switch allowing a user to set a threshold volume sensitivity level.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the audio detection component includes a tone range filter.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the audio detection component includes a timer configured to activate said transmission component only if a detected audio signal is detected for longer than a preset time interval.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein said server is linked to a monitoring center, where said server is programmed to send said alert data, which may include audio data, to said monitoring center for further action.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein said audio detection component is configured to learn a sound signature of an emergency alarm.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein said audio detection component is configured to discriminate a learned sound signature from other background noises.

11. The system of claim 1, additionally comprising a temperature sensing unit linked to the transmission component and configured to transmit a sensed temperature, or an equivalent signal, to said server.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein said temperature sensing unit is configured to detect temperatures falling below a threshold.

13. The system of claim 11, wherein said temperature sensing unit is configured to detect temperatures exceeding a threshold.

14. The system of claim 1, additionally comprising a power monitoring unit linked to the transmission component and configured to transmit power information to said server.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein said audio detection component is configured to detect and transmit audio warning sound generated by external emergency detection units including but not limited to low battery indication sounds.

16. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a central unit linked to said audio detection component and configured to process, relay or transmit information from said audio detection component to said server.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the audio detection component transmits information to the central unit via wireless transfer.

18. The system of claim 16, wherein the audio detection component transmits information to the central unit via wired transfer.

19. The system of claim 14, wherein said power monitoring unit can detect power failures and transmit said power failure information to said server.

20. The system of claim 1, wherein said transmission component includes a translation component having the ability to process audio data and transmit a representation of such audio data to said server.

21. The system of claim 1, wherein said alert may take the form of an SMS text message, an automated voice message, or an electronic mail message.

22. The system of claim 20, wherein said translation component has the ability to modify the frequency of audio data and to transmit such audio data over a band limited transmission channel.

23. The system of claim 1, wherein said audio data recorded by said audio monitoring device is ambient sound.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein said server is configured to transmit the ambient sound data portion of the message, using said user data.

25. The system of claim 1, further comprising said server authenticating said audio monitoring device identification information.

26. The system of claim 1, wherein the audio monitoring device further includes a communication telephone jack and a pass-through telephone jack.

27. The system of claim 1, wherein the audio monitoring device further includes a reset actuator, wherein said reset actuator allows communication to said server to terminate notification.

28. The system of claim 1, further comprising a step for terminating said alert generation step if said server receives a user reset signal from a user.

29. The system of claim 1, wherein the transmission component is configured to receive an acknowledgement from said server.

30. The system of claim 1, further comprising a step of sending a test signal to said server from said audio monitoring device.