# Patent

## Title
Infant sleep suit

## Abstract

An innovative sleeping suit for infants, configured to provide warmth, a contained environment, and positive proprioceptive input, and thereby reduce neurological reflexive twitching or habitual waking patterns prevalent when infants are placed on their backs for sleeping and are not swaddled. The weighting in the suit is believed to reduce the neurological reflexive twitching and provides a swaddling effect to infants helping them to fall asleep and remain sleeping when on their backs. At least a portion of an anterior portion of the suit includes the weighting. The weighting may be accomplished by varying the thickness of the materials and/or quantity of layers of materials used on the anterior portion of the suit. The weighting may be distributed uniformly throughout the suit, the anterior portion of the suit, or can be strategically placed at proprioceptive target points along the anterior portion of the suit.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 11/209,266 ('266 application) filed on Aug. 23, 2005, and a continuation of application Ser. No. 14/332,985 filed on Jul. 16, 2014, which is a continuation of the '266 application. The '266 application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/613,983 filed on Sep. 28, 2004.


TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates generally to sleepwear for infants.
BACKGROUND
Medical studies have shown that infants who sleep on their backs have a reduced risk of dying suddenly from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), compared to infants who sleep on their stomachs. Dissemination of this information by the American Academy of Pediatrics to pediatricians and parents has resulted in an increase in the practice of placing infants in a supine position, i.e., on their backs for sleeping. A decrease in the incidence of SIDS has been observed in recent years, which is thought to be causally related to placing infants to sleep on their backs.
Unfortunately, many infants have difficulty sleeping soundly on their backs. The direct cause of this is unknown. However, swaddling (the practice of wrapping infants tightly in a blanket) has been known to help infants sleep on their back as it provides warmth, security and proprioceptive input similar to that found in the womb. Swaddling soothes the infant and likely reduces spontaneous arousals from sleep while in the supine position. Swaddling an infant is easier the first several weeks, or months, but problems arise as an infant reaches the age of approximately two-to-three months of age. At this transitional stage, infants begin to wiggle and kick and can ultimately free themselves from the swaddle. Once the infant escapes the confines of a swaddled blanket, or becomes too big for swaddling, sleep disturbances often reoccur because infants at this age are still prone to reflexive-type twitches or habitual waking patterns that prevent sustained sleep.
Sleep disturbance can occur when an infant is not swaddled because the nervous system is still immature, causing neurological reflexive-type twitches, such as a jerking motion in the arms or legs, and/or habitual waking patterns, which often startle and wake the infant prematurely. Additionally, infants around this age have difficulty falling and staying asleep without some sort of parental intervention such as rocking, or nursing. Consequently, infants and their caregivers are often not well rested.
Other sleep products such as swings and bouncing seats are good at initially lulling infants to sleep, but often are outgrown by infants as they reach 15 to 20 pounds, and are also unsafe for longer periods of sleep. Moreover, these types of products do not teach good sleeping habits.
Current sleep wear found in the retail market, such as sleeping gowns, sacks and footed-pajamas, are designed to replace blankets and keep infants warm, but do nothing to provide the secure and snug feeling of swaddling that helps infants fall asleep and remain sleeping for longer periods, or enable a child to fall back asleep if woken prematurely.
SUMMARY
Described herein is an innovative sleeping suit for infants, configured to provide warmth, security of a contained environment and positive proprioceptive input, and thereby reduce neurological reflexive twitching or habitual waking patterns prevalent when infants are placed on their backs for sleeping and are not swaddled. The weighting in the suit helps reduce neurological twitches and provides a swaddling effect to infants helping them to fall asleep and remain sleeping when on their backs. Additionally, the suit eliminates the need for blankets.
In one exemplary implementation, at least a portion of an anterior portion of the suit (frontal portion) includes weighting to provide the proprioceptive input to an infant when the infant is sleeping in the supine position. The weighting may be accomplished by varying the thickness of the materials and/or quantity of layers of materials used on the anterior portion of the suit. The weighting materials may include a standard polyfill fiber, other polyester blends, cotton blends, cotton quilting, flannel, silk, combinations of the aforementioned, or any other suitable material(s).
Additionally, weighting may be accomplished by adding specific weighted items to the suit. For example, weighted items may be added to self-contained chambers located within the inner layers of the suit or attached to the outermost layer portion. The weighted items may include beans (such as a beans found in bean bags), seeds, sand, hypoallergenic plastic granule packets, or any variety of other suitable items.
The weighting can be distributed uniformly throughout the entire suit, distributed on the anterior portion of the suit, or can be strategically placed at proprioceptive target points on the anterior portion of the suit. These proprioceptive target points include the primary joint areas such as the shoulder girdle, and hip area. However, as mentioned before, weighting could be distributed uniformly throughout the entire suit, the anterior portion, or could be distributed in less than all of the proprioceptive target points described above. For example, a sleep suit could contain weighting targeted to the shoulder girdle area only.
Unlike sleepwear on the market designed primarily to replace blankets and keep active babies warm, the innovative suit described herein not only keeps babies warm and eliminates the need for blankets, but also provides the swaddling effect and security that comforts them to sleep on their own and/or to fall back to sleep if woken. Consequently, the suit eliminates the risks related to blankets, such as covering the infant's airways. Moreover, the weight and bulk of the suit helps prevent the infant from turning over onto their stomach while sleeping. Thus, an ultimate goal of the suit is to improve the quality and duration of the infant's sleep, making for happier children and more well-rested caregivers.
As the baby gets a little older, the physiologic needs provided by the suit may lessen, but by that point the association between sleep and the suit has been well established. Subsequently, the suit becomes a comfort and security item for the baby. This is helpful when the baby sleeps in different environments that he may not be accustomed (i.e., a relative's house, a hotel/motel, a babysitter's house, daycare, and so forth).
The suit also assists in the transition of an infant from more confined spaces of sleeping, such as a bassinette, to larger and more spacious cribs, a milestone that can disrupt sleep patterns. The sleep suit acts as a transition object because it continues to provide the sense of security derived from swaddling or sleeping in a constrained space, as infants adjust to sleeping in a more open environment.
The suit is designed to be used for back sleeping, the preferred position for sleep to reduce the risk of SIDS. The suit typically eliminates a need for blankets and other loose bedding, which is consistent with recommendations to prevent SIDS. The suit may be worn over varying types of undergarments (ranging from a diaper, to lightweight cotton clothing or heavier sleepwear) depending on the environment and the infant's heat tolerance. It is noted that parents and caregivers should monitor their children while sleeping to make sure they are comfortable and not overheated. For example, it is recommended that the suit first be used during naps so parents can monitor their baby's body temperature, since each baby may regulate their body temperatures differently.
The suit may be designed in various suitable sizes, such as small and large. For example, the small size may fit infants between three and six months, or roughly 10 pounds to 18 pounds. The large size may fit infants aged six months to nine months, or roughly 18 pounds to 22 pounds. Other sizes are possible, including smaller sizes, larger sizes, or sizes in between.
In certain implementations, the suit may have a scooped neckline having various configurations (such as circular, oval, squared, etc.) that prevents the suit from obstructing the face and neck of an infant. The suit may cover the entire body from the neckline down; including the torso, the front, the back, arms and legs, while leaving the head exposed. The suit may have openings for hands and feet. Alternatively, in other implementations, the hands and/or feet may be enclosed with fabric covers to provide extra warmth. Fabric covers may be fastened by snaps, buttons or Velcro or other fastening mechanisms and may be removed completely when not needed.
The suit may contain a ventilation flap on the front of the suit. The ventilation flap is formed when the suit is unfastened along the front of the suit. The unfastened portion is folded back onto itself and secured in place by snaps attached to one of the layers of the suit. By folding the flap back onto itself, a portion of the infant's chest is exposed and therefore allows heat to escape the suit so that an infant does not overheat. In addition to a snap, a button or Velcro could be used to secure the ventilation flap. Ventilation flaps, such as made of a mesh material, could be placed along the front sides of the suit, which may be suitable for warmer climates.
Further details and advantages of the infant sleep suit will become apparent with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears.
FIG. 1 shows a frontal view of a sleep suit.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the anterior portion of the sleep suit and shows the first layer of material, the second layer of material and the weighted material of the sleep suit.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the anterior portion of the sleep suit and shows the first layer of material and a uniform distribution of the weighted material in place of a second layer.
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the anterior portion of the suit and shows the weighted material attached to the first layer of material in a patch-like fashion.
FIG. 5 shows a representative distribution of the weighted material within the anterior portion of the sleep suit to correspond to proprioceptive targets.
FIG. 6 shows a sleep suit unfastened to show the formation of a fabric panel that can be folded back and secured to create a ventilation flap.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Exemplary Sleep Suit
FIG. 1 shows an innovative sleep suit 100 for infants configured to provide warmth, security and positive proprioceptive input to an infant, and thereby reduce neurological reflexive twitching or habitual waking patterns when the infant is placed on his back for sleeping and is not swaddled.
Suit 100 is also configured to cover an infant's, front, back, arms and legs, while leaving the head exposed. Openings 104a & 104b for the hands and openings 106a & 106b for the feet, expose the hands and feet, respectively, for ventilation (heat dissipation), free movement, grasping objects, and play. The hands and/or feet may be covered with material integrated as part of suit 100 or the coverings (not shown) may be secured to suit 100 by attachment elements 108, such as snaps, buttons, Velcro, or a combination of the aforementioned.
A fastening mechanism 114 extends from neckline 116 to a leg area of an anterior portion 102 of suit 100. In one implementation, fastening mechanism 114 is a double plastic non-metal zipper. The zipper may be covered by zipper cover (not shown). However, suit 100 may include alternative fastening mechanisms, such as, but not necessarily limited to, a single zipper, Velcro, buttons, snaps, tabs, ties, or any combination thereof. Fastening mechanism 114 may also be positioned in other areas of suit 100, along the side of suit 100 and may extend the full length of suit 100.
Exemplary Weighting
Suit 100 includes weighting to provide the proprioceptive input to an infant when the infant is sleeping in the supine position. Proprioceptive input is a type of pressure input applied to the joints of an infant by the weighting of suit 100. The proprioceptive input tends to calm an infant, whose sensory integration regulators and nervous system are not yet mature.
The weighting may be accomplished by varying the thickness of the materials and/or quantity of layers of materials used on anterior portion 102 of the suit 100. The weighting materials may include a standard polyfill fiber, other polyester blends, cotton blends, cotton quilting, flannel, silk, combinations of the aforementioned, or any other suitable material(s). Additionally, weighting may be accomplished by adding specific weighted items to the suit. For example, weighted items may be added to self-contained chambers located within the inner layers of the suit or attached to the outermost layer portion. The weighted items may include synthetic materials such as hypoallergenic plastic granule packets, beans (such as a beans found in bean bags), seeds, sand, or any variety of other suitable items.
The weighting can be distributed uniformly throughout the entire suit, distributed on the anterior portion of the suit, or can be strategically placed on the anterior portion of the suit corresponding to proprioceptive target points of a baby. Proprioceptive target points include torso joint areas such as the shoulder girdle, and hip area of a baby. However, as mentioned before, weighting could be distributed uniformly throughout the entire suit, the anterior portion, or could be distributed in less than all of the corresponding proprioceptive target points described above. For example, a sleep suit could contain weighting corresponding to the shoulder girdle area only.
Thus, suit 100 is configured to provide a swaddling effect and positive proprioceptive input to infants by increasing weighting of materials used throughout sleep suit 100. Several exemplary ways of achieving the weighting on suit 100 shall now be described in more detail.
FIG. 2 represents a cross-sectional view 200 of an anterior portion 102 of sleep suit 100 in which weighting is achieved by using multiple layers of material. Anterior portion 102 includes a first layer of material 201, a second layer of material 202, and a third layer of material 204. In this example, first
layer of material 201 is the inner most layer of material closest to an infant's body. First layer of material 201 is typically a soft and comfortable material suitable for contact with an infant's skin, such as 100% cotton, cotton blends, silk and/or hypoallergenic fabrics.
Second layer of material 202 is sandwiched between first layer of material 201 and third layer of material 204. Second layer of material 202 (also referred to as the weighted material) may be a standard polyfill fiber, other polyester blends, cotton blends, cotton quilting, flannel, silk, or combinations of the aforementioned. Note that the drawings are not to scale and that the thickness of second layer of material 202 may vary depending on the fibers used. Alternatively, weighting may be achieved by including multiple layers of various materials in between first layer of material 201 and third layer of material 204. Additionally, any combination of materials that provide a weighting to anterior portion 102 of suit 100 and positive proprioceptive feedback to the infant may be used.
Third layer of material 204 is an environmental layer that adds durability and warmth to suit 100. For instance, third layer of material 204 could be treated to repel stains. In warmer environments, third layer of material 204 may include fine percale cotton. If more warmth is needed, such as in colder environments, micro-fleece may be included for third layer of material 204. In either case, third layer of material 204, could be made from other materials, such as cotton-blends, nylon, polyester, flannel, jersey knit, silk and other fabrics.
In the event that a third layer of material 204 is not used for sleep suit 100, a weighting can be achieved by attaching second layer of material 202 to first layer of material 201—as shown in FIG. 3. Again, second layer of material 202 need not be a single layer of material, but could be a combinational set of layers and various materials.
FIG. 4 represents yet another alternative to achieve weighting along anterior portion 102 of suit 100. In this embodiment, second layer of material 202 is attached to first layer of material 201 in a patch-like weighting pattern.
As mentioned above, the weighting of the sleep suit may be distributed evenly along the anterior portion of the sleep suit. Alternatively, the weighting may be distributed at specific areas along the anterior portion which correspond to major joint areas of the infant's torso, such as the shoulder girdle, and hip area.
FIG. 5 shows a representative distribution of weighting with second layer of material 202 within the anterior portion 102 of the suit 100. In one implementation the suit distributes weighting in the shoulder girdle area 502, chest area 504 and hip area 506. The placement of second layer 202 at the shoulder 502, chest 504, and hips 506 targets sensory points most receptive to proprioceptive input. However, distribution of second layer 202 can vary within the anterior portion 102 of the suit 100 and can target individual sensory points or a combination of sensory points along an infant's body.
It is noted that suit 100 may include Velcro patches or other fastening devices on which weighting may be attached to the exterior of suit 100. The weighting may also be applied in the form of patches that may be ironed on to suit 100. Weighting may also include self-contained bags, such as bean-bags, that can be attached to suit 100.
Exemplary Suit Accessories
Turning now to FIG. 6, the suit 100 may include suitable fastening mechanisms 114 along the anterior side of the sleep suit 100. The suit 100 may include a double non-metal zipper that can be unfastened to create a ventilation flap 602 along the front of the suit 100. A special ventilation feature can allow for extra aeration, such as in warmer environments or to prevent overheating. For example, the parent or caregiver could unfasten the front of the suit, thereby creating a panel of material that becomes the ventilation flap 602. The ventilation flap 602 is folded back upon itself and is secured in place by two snaps; a first snap 604 is located at the top of the ventilation flap 602 and is secured to a second snap 606 located at the base of the ventilation flap 602. The snaps may be located inside or outside of suit 100. It should be readily appreciated that as an alternative to snaps, other fastening mechanisms could be used to secure the ventilation flap 602, such as a button, Velcro, or other suitable attachment systems.
In the alternative, ventilation could be provided by mesh inserts, or other suitable venting mechanisms, under the arms or along the sides of the suit 100, which may be suitable for warmer environments (not shown in illustrations).
Rolls (not shown) could also be secured to the sides of suit 100 to prevent an infant from flipping on his stomach. The rolls may be integrated as part of suit 100 or may be attached thereto by a fastening means, such as Velcro, a zipper, and so forth.
Although the present invention has been described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, substitutions and alterations herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in its broadest form. Additionally, the embodiments described above are to be considered in all aspects as illustrative only and not restrictive in any manner. Thus, other exemplifying embodiments, and implementations that can support various aspects of the invention may be utilized without departing from the essential characteristics described herein. These and various other adaptations and combinations of features of the embodiments disclosed are within the scope of the invention. The invention is defined by the claims and their full scope of equivalents.

## Claims

1. An infant sleep garment to help calm the Moro reflexes of an infant between the ages of about three to nine months old, when the infant is placed in the supine position for sleep, and is not swaddled, the infant sleep garment comprising:
a single one-piece garment including:
(a) an anterior and posterior side adapted to fit around the front and back, respectively, of an infant no younger than the age of about three months old, and no older than the age of about nine months old therein;
(b) an opening, disposed on the anterior side, adapted to receive the infant;
(c) a fastener, disposed on the anterior side, configured to close the opening;
(d) multiple layers of material bulk and weighting distributed selectively to the anterior side of the garment adapted to provide tactile weighting continuously against the body of the infant and to specific target points of the body of the infant at the hip and shoulder areas to (i) help provide the calming elements of proprioceptive input to aid in the infants sleep (ii) help limit the infant from raising his/her knees toward the stomach or bringing the knees together, thereby making it more difficult for the infant to roll over onto his/her stomach from a supine position, (iii) maintain a snug fit of the garment against the body of the infant at all times thereby maintaining resilient-tactile weighting continuously against the body of the infant to help diminish the Moro reflex from startling and waking an infant when sleeping or prevent an infant from falling back to sleep when woken, and (iv) help maintain the legs of the infant apart from each other to again help prevent the infant from rolling onto his/her stomach from the supine position, wherein the posterior side of the garment includes less layers of material bulk and weighting than the anterior side of the garment; and
(e) venting, adapted to counter heat buildup when the infant is wearing the garment, wherein the venting includes:
(i) a permanent and non-adjustable semi-circular scoop neckline sewn into the garment so that an uppermost-outer edge of the scoop neckline is adapted to reside at a level on the infant no higher than the infant's upper-chest area, and below any portion of an infant's neck when an infant wears the garment, wherein the scoop neckline is adapted to leave the upper chest and neck area of the infant permanently uncovered and exposed to air;
(ii) permanent sleeves and leggings including openings at each distal end of each sleeve and legging adapted to receive the hands and feet of the infant without covering them thereby exposing the hands and feet of the infant to air when placed in the sleep garment, wherein the distal end of each sleeve is adapted to be positioned above each wrist of an averaged-size infant between about three and nine months old when wearing the garment, whereby the extended openings are adapted to further expose an infant's arm to air, while maintaining sufficient length and weighting in the arms to help prevent flailing of the arms during the Moro reflex that can prematurely wake the baby or prevent the baby from falling asleep; and
(iii) a securable-ventilation flap on the anterior side of the garment formed when the fastener to the opening is unfastened, wherein the securable-ventilation flap is adapted to expose the infant's chest, and permit heat to escape the garment so that the infant does not overheat when wearing the infant sleep garment.

2. The infant sleep garment of claim 1, wherein the multiple layers of material bulk are comprised of at least first, second, and third layers of material, wherein the first layer of material is an inner most layer of material closest to an infant's body, the third layer of material is an environmental layer, and the second layer of material is located between the first layer of material and the third layer of material.

3. The infant sleep garment of claim 1, wherein the second layer of material is comprised of at least one of a synthetic material, natural material, beans, seeds, sand, and a blend of any of the foregoing materials.

4. The infant sleep garment of claim 1, wherein the third layer of material is comprised of at least one natural material, synthetic material, micro-fleece, and a blend of any of the foregoing materials.

5. An infant sleep garment for calming Moro reflexes in an infant between the ages of about three-to-nine months old when the infant is placed in the supine position for sleep, the preferred sleep position as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics for the prevention of SIDS, and is not swaddled, the infant sleep garment comprising:
an anterior and posterior side adapted to fit around the front and back, respectively, of an infant no younger than the age of about three months old, and no older than the age of about nine months old therein, wherein the infant sleep garment is a single one-piece garment, and includes no buttons, or appliques that may present a chocking hazard if placed in an infant's mouth;
an opening adapted to receive the infant therein; a fastener attached to the opening;
permanent sleeves and leggings including openings at each distal end of each sleeve and legging adapted to receive the hands and feet, respectively, of the infant without covering them,
wherein the length of each sleeve is configured to end above the wrist of an averaged-sized infant between the ages of three and nine months old to allow for heat dissipation, and
wherein the length of each legging is configured to end above the ankle of an average sized infant between the ages of three and nine months old to allow for heat dissipation, and
wherein the opening and length of the sleeves are also adapted to allow the infant to push up if rolled into a prone position in order to permit the infant to raise his/her head and move his/her neck in situations where his/her air passage is blocked or impeded, and
wherein the leggings of the infant sleep garment are spaced apart from each other and adapted to maintain the legs of the infant separated so that the legs of the infant may not be as easily raised and thrown to the side by the infant, wherein the separated leggings are also adapted to help prevent the infant from rolling onto his/her stomach, which is not the preferred sleep position advocated by the American Academy of Pediatrics for infants within the target age of the infant sleep garment of about three to nine months old;
multiple layers of material bulk and weighting selectively distributed to the anterior side of the infant sleep garment are adapted to provide tactile weighting to the infant's body and corresponding to proprioceptive-target points of the body of the infant at the hip and shoulder areas of the infant to (i) help provide calming elements of proprioceptive input to aid in the infant's sleep (ii) help limit the infant from raising his/her knees toward the stomach or bringing the knees together, thereby making it difficult for the infant to roll over onto his/her stomach from a supine position, (iii) maintain a snug fit of the garment against the body of the infant at all times thereby maintaining resilient-tactile weighting continuously against the body of the infant to help diminish the Moro reflex that can startle and wake an infant when sleeping or prevent an infant from falling back to sleep when woken, and (iv) help maintain the legs of the infant apart from each other to again help prevent the infant from rolling onto his/her stomach from the supine position, wherein the posterior side of the garment includes less material bulk and weighting than the anterior side of the garment;
a permanent and non-adjustable semi-circular scoop neckline, wherein the uppermost-outer edge of the scoop neckline is adapted to reside at a position no higher than the infant's upper-chest area, and below any portion of an infant's neck away from his/her mouth so as to not impede his/her airway and provide, non-adjustable and permanent additional heat dissipation when an infant is placed inside the garment, and the opening is fastened by the fastener; and
a securable-ventilation flap on the anterior side of the garment when the fastener is unfastened, wherein the ventilation flap is adapted to expose the infant's chest, and permit heat to escape the garment so that the infant does not overheat when wearing the infant sleep garment.

6. The infant sleep garment of claim 5, wherein the multiple layers of material bulk are comprised of at least first, second, and third layers of material, wherein the first layer of material is an inner most layer of material closest to an infant's body, the third layer of material is an environmental layer, and the second layer of material is located between the first layer of material and the third layer of material on the anterior portion of the garment.

7. The infant sleep garment of claim 6, wherein the second layer of material is comprised of at least one of a natural or synthetic material, beans, seeds, and sand.

8. The infant sleep garment of claim 6, wherein the fastener is a double-zipper-fastening mechanism adapted to extend from the scooped neckline, away from the infant's face, to a leg area of an anterior portion of the garment to allow for easy placement of the infant into the garment and removal of the infant the garment.

9. The infant sleep garment claim 6, wherein the third layer of material is comprised of micro-fleece or other synthetic material.

10. The infant sleep garment of claim 6, wherein the third layer of material is comprised of percale cotton or other natural material.