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Thermodynamic Properties of Minerals and 

Related Substances at 298.15 K and 1 Bar 

( 105 Pascals) Pressure and at Higher Temperatures 

By Richard A. Robie and Bruce S. Hemingway 

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2131 

A summary of the thermodynamic data for minerals at 

298.15 K together with calculated values for the functions 

C~.T, ~H¥, L\P¥, S¥, (H¥ - H~98 )'f- , and (0¥ - H~s)'"f-1 

at temperatures up to 1800 K 

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1995 
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary 

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

GORDON P. EATON, Director 

For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services 

Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225 

Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and 

does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 

Published in the Eastern Region, Reston, Va. 

Manuscript approved for publication March 23, 1995. 

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data 

Robie, Richard A., 1928-

Thermodynamic properties of minerals and related substances at 298.15 K and I bar (10 

Pascals) pressure and at higher temperatures I by Richard A. Robie and Bruce S. 

Hemingway. 

p. em.- (Geological Survey bulletin; 2131) 

Includes bibliographical references and indexes. 

Supt. of Docs. no.: I l9.3:B213l 

I. Minerals-Tables. 2. Thermodynamics-Tables. I. Hemingway, Bruce S. II. Title. III. 

Series: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin; 2131. 

QE75.B9 no. 2131 

[QE366.8] 

557.3 s-dc20 

[549'. 12] 95-19844 

CIP 
CONTENTS 

Abstract........................................................................................................................... 1 

Introduction..................................................................................................................... 1 

Physical Constants and Atomic Weights......................................................................... 2 

Reference States.............................................................................................................. 3 

Methods of Calculation................................................................................................... 3 

Additional Comments ............... .................... .. . ....... .............. ....... ....................... ............ 4 

Thermodynamic Properties at 298.15 K .......... .. . . . .................... .. . ...... .................... .. .... .. . 5 

Elements................................................................................................................ 5 

Sulfides and Sulfosalts...................... .... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . ............. .. . . . . ... . . . ..... .. . .. .. 11 

Oxides and Hydroxides ......................................................................................... 15 

Multiple Oxides .................................................................................................... 21 

Halides .................................................................................................................. 23 

Carbonates and Nitrates ........................................................................................ 25 

Sulfates and Borates .............................................................................................. 28 

Phosphates, Molybdates, and Tungstates ....... ...................... ... ......................... ..... 30 

Ortho and Ring Structure Silicates .. ...................... .................. ......................... .... 31 

Chain and Band Structure Silicates ....................................................................... 34 

Framework Structure Silicates.............................................................................. 36 

Sheet Structure Silicates ... .. .. .................... ................... ........................... .............. 39 

Coefficients for Heat Capacity Equations....................................................................... 41 

Elements................................................................................................................ 41 

Sulfides and Sulfosalts.... .............. ...... ............. ... . . ...... ...... .................. .................. 45 

Oxides and Hydroxides ......................................................................................... 47 

Multiple Oxides ... ... ... ........... .... . . ................ ....................... ...... ............................. 51 

Halides .................................................................................................................. 53 

Carbonates and Nitrates .. ... .. ... .. .. .. . . . .. .... ... .. .. . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . .. .. . . . .. .... .. . .. . .. .. .. . . .. .. 55 

Sulfates and Phosphates........................................................................................ 56 

Ortho and Ring Structure Silicates .... ... ............................... .............. ........... ........ 58 

Chain and Band Structure Silicates ....................................................................... 61 

Framework Structure Silicates.............................................................................. 63 

Sheet Structure Silicates ....................... ...... .......... ............................. ................... 65 

Thermodynamic Properties at High Temperature of Individual Phases ............ ............. 67 

References Cited ............................................................................................................. 397 

Name Index ..................................................................................................................... 454 

Formula Index ................................................................................................................. 458 

TABLE 

1. Atomic weights of the elements for 1985 .. .... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... . 4 

III 
iv CONTENTS 

SYMBOLS, CONSTANTS, AND CONVERSION FACTORS 

T Temperature in Kelvins. 

T tm Temperature of transition in Kelvins. 

K Kelvin, the unit of temperature. It is the fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water. 

J Joule, the unit of energy (or work). One joule= 114.1840 thermochemical calories or 

10cm3•bar. 

mol Mole, the amount of substance of a system that contains as many elementary entities 

as there are atoms in 0.012 kilograms of carbon 12. It is identical with the gfw (gram 

formula weight). 

p Pressure in bars. One bar = 1 OS Pascals or 0.1 MPa. The standard atmosphere is equal 

to 101325 Pascals. The kilogram•cm-2 is equal to 98065.5 Pascals. 0 Superscript indicates that the substance is in its standard state, 1 bar ( 1 OS Pascals) for 

a condensed phase. 

H.f- H29s Enthalpy at temperature T relative to 298.15 Kin J•moi-1, also called the heat content. 

(H.f- H29s)11 Enthalpy function in J•moi-1·K-1 (See note below). 

s.f Entropy at temperature T, in J•moi-1·K-1. 

(Gf- H29s)11 Gibbs energy function in J•moi-1·K-1. 

q Heat capacity at constant pressure in J•moi-1·K-1. 

V29s Volume of 1 mol of'a substance at 1 bar pressure and at 298.15 K, in cm3, or J•bar-1. 

Atu8H0 Enthalpy of melting at 1 bar pressure in J•moi-1. 

AtmH0 Enthalpy of transition at 1 bar pressure in J•moi-1. 

Avapli0 Enthalpy of vaporization to the ideal gas at 1 bar pressure at the normal boiling point 

in J•moi-1 . 

.ArH0 Enthalpy of formation from the elements in their reference states in J•moi-1 . 

.At<}0 Gibbs energy of formation from the elements in their reference states in J•moi-1. 

Kr Equilibrium constant of formation. 

R Gas constant, 8.31451±0.00007 J·K-1•moi-1. 

F Faraday constant, 96,485.309±0.029 J·V-1•moi-1. 

NA Avogadro constant, (6.0221367±0.0000036) x 1023moi-1. 

log Common logarithm, base 10. 

In Natural logarithm, base e = 2.71828 ... 

atm Standard atmosphere. 

m=1 The standard state for an electrolyte in aqueous solution is the hypothetical ideal solution at unit activity and with the ions at infinite dilution. 

When multiple units appear in the denominator of the symbol (for example, enthalpy function), the 

SI system does not recommend a particular order. For example, the units for entropy are given as J 

moi-l K-1 in table 2.11 and as J K-1 moi-l in table 3.5 of the Greenbook (278). 
Thermodynamic Properties of Minerals and Related Substances 

at 298.15 K and 1 Bar (105 Pascals) Pressure 

and at Higher Temperatures 

By Richard A. Robie and Bruce S. Hemingway 

ABSTRACT 

Selected values for the entropy (S0 ), molar volume 

0/0 ), and for the enthalpy and Gibbs energy of formation 

(ArH0 and At<J0 ) are given for 50 reference elements, 55 sulfides, 93 oxides and hydroxides, 141 silicates, and 154 other 

minerals and related substances at 298.15 K. For those minerals for which high-temperature heat-capacity or heatcontent data are also available (Hr - H298)11, S1-, (G1--

H2gs)11, Cp, ArHT, AtG1- and log Kr,T are tabulated at 

100 K intervals for temperatures up to 1800 K. 

INTRODUCTION 

In the 17 years since the predecessor to this bulletin 

was published, an enormous body of new thermochemical 

and equilibrium measurements for minerals has been published, personal computers have become almost universally 

available, and a number of "internally consistent thermodynamic property databases" (ICTDB) have been published 

(37, 67, 117, 149, 150, 159, 187, 188, 374). (In this section, 

references are indicated by numbers in parentheses.) This 

report is an updated revision and expansion of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Bulletin 1452 (361) and entirely supersedes it. As an example of growth of the thermodynamic 

properties of mineral database, USGS Bulletin 1452 contained data for 58 silicate minerals whereas in the current 

set of tables this number has been increased to 141. 

The purpose of these tables is to present a critical summary of the available thermodynamic data for minerals and 

related substances in a convenient form for the use of earth 

scientists. To make the tables as useful as possible, we have 

tried (1) to include enough auxiliary data so that a single set 

of tables would suffice for most calculations, (2) to ensure 

internal consistency, and (3) to provide the means for rapid 

revision and expansion as new data become available. 

The tables in this compilation are divided into three 

sections. In the first section, values are given for the entropy 

(S2gs), molar volume 0/2gs), enthalpy of formation 

(AfH298), Gibbs energy of formation (AtG298), and the logarithm of the equilibrium constant of formation (log Kt,298) 

for the reference elements, minerals, and other substances 

of geological interest (properties at 298.15 K and 1 bar). In 

the second section, coefficients for the polynomial used to 

represent the heat capacity at high temperature are tabulated 

together with the temperature limits of applicability. In the 

third section, values are given for the thermodynamic properties at 100 K intervals for temperatures up to 1800 K. The 

data are arranged in order of their conventional mineralogical groups. Within each group (for example, the oxides) the 

listing is by alphabetical order of the chemical symbol of 

the principal cation. 

The data have been taken from the original literature, 

recent critical evaluations, or have been evaluated by the 

present authors and estimated uncertainties have been 

assigned to the thermodynamic properties at 298.15 K. The 

primary sources of data are indicated numerically in the 

thermodynamic table of properties at 298.15 K, as "S" for 

the reference to the data for the entropy, "HIG" for the reference to the formation properties, and "C" to references to 

measured heat capacities above 298.15 K. The references 

are listed in complete form following the tables. The 

entropy and heat-capacity values tabulated are based almost 

exclusively on calorimetric measurements whereas the values for the enthalpy or Gibbs energy of formation were 

obtained from both equilibrium and calorimetric measurements. The values for the thermodynamic properties of the 

reference elements have been taken from the JANAF tables 

(67), the CODATA (85) recommended values, or in the case 

of calcium, from measurement at the USGS (360). For those 

silicate glasses for which sq. -ss has been determined calorimetrically and for which the enthalpy of fusion of the 

crystalline equivalent could be evaluated, the residual 

entropy (that is, So) of the glass has been evaluated and 

added to the calorimetric entropy to obtain the correct 

entropy for use in thermodynamic calculations. Glasses and 

other phases for which S1- - So has been measured but for 

which the residual entropy has not been evaluated are indicated by a "+" sign and the user must be aware that the 

1 
2 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

value tabulated does not include the configurational 

entropy. 

Although a number of different forms of equations for 

the representation of the heat capacity at high temperatures 

have been proposed over the past 10 years, for example 

Berman (37), Fei and Saxena (104), Richet and Piquet 

(342), we have retained the form adopted in the previous 

version of these tables, 

Cp = A1 + A2 •T + A3•12 + A.•i0·5 + A5•T2 

This equation can not be extrapolated beyond its upper 

limit. Inasmuch as most users will have access to a personal 

computer, the conversion from one form of equation to an 

alternative form is possible and is left up to the individual 

user's preference. The entropies listed in the table of coefficients for the Cp polynomials corresponds to the temperature at the lower limit of the temperature range for the 

polynomial. This is usually 298.15 K. 

For several phases, the existence of multiple transitions at high temperature makes it impractical to provide a 

simple polynomial expression for the heat capacity. For 

such phases, for example Fe, Cu 1.9S, and several pyrrhotites, we have listed only the heat capacity at 298.15 K. 

For these phases, one must go to the high-temperature 

table for the particular phase (if tabulated) to get the heat 

capacity (and entropy) above room temperature. 

Internally consistent thermodynamic property data sets 

for silicate minerals have been published by Haas et al. 

(149), Holland and Powell (187, 188), Berman (37), Halbach and Chatterjee (150), and Saxena and Chatterjee (374) 

among others. Inasmuch as most of the authors relied on the 

same sources of calorimetric and equilibrium data to derive 

their adopted values, it is surprising that significant differences in their listed values for such important phases as 

grossular, anorthite, phlogopite and muscovite exist. For 

example, between the most frequently cited ICTDB, those 

of Berman (37) and Holland and Powell (188), the values of 

AtG29s calculated from their listed values of S29s and 

ArH29s differ by 5.7, 3.7 and 3.7 kJ•mol-1 for grossular, 

anorthite, and muscovite, respectively, and for analbite and 

muscovite the tabulated entropies differ by 4.4 and 9.1 

J•mol-1·K-1, respectively. The point is, of course, that internal consistency does not imply that the derived values are 

accurate. 

The reason for these discrepancies is most likely in the 

assumptions that the individual compiler makes concerning 

the state of internal AVSi order. For a 1:3 AVSi compound 

such as the alkali feldspars or micas the complete random 

mixing of the 3 Si and 1 AI over the 4 tetrahedral sites leads 

to a contribution to the entropy of 18.7 J•moi-1·K-1. However, if the aluminum-avoidance model is valid, the configurational entropy will be considerably smaller and of the 

order of 13 to 14 J•moi-1·K-1. The· aluminum-avoidance 

model has not been calculated exactly and only approximate values are available. The values for the configurational entropies that have been derived from phase 

equilibrium studies by Holland and Powell (188) and by 

Berman (37) are 12.6 and 17.0 J•moi-1·K-1 for analbite and 

16.0 and 15.1 J•mol-1·K-1 for sanidine, respectively. It 

appears that these calculated values for the entropy of disorder do not unequivocally support the aluminum-avoidance 

model but rather tend to yield a configurational entropy that 

is greater than that estimated by the aluminum-avoidance 

value, but definitely less than the fully random model. Any 

value of AS greater than that calculated from aluminumavoidance would presumably mean that this model was 

inapplicable at high temperatures; for example, at temperatures greater than 1300 K for analbite the disordering 

entropy would approach 18.7 J•mol-•·K-1• Moreover Goldsmith and Jenkins (123) have shown that the AVSi disorder 

in NaAlSi30s is a continuous function of the temperature 

and that it occurs over a range of several hundred degrees 

(500-1050 K) and occurs without change in symmetry. 

As a consequence of these points the question arises 

whether one can extract meaningful (unique) values for the 

entropy of the disordered phase of an alumino-silicate from 

phase equilibrium studies without having additional information on the AVSi distribution. For this reason, we have 

adopted the fully random model for tabulating the hightemperature properties for the AVSi disordered feldspars 

and micas. For an extended discussion of the contribution to 

the entropy of silicate minerals arising from AVSi or magnetic spin disorder, see Ulbrich and Waldbaum (413). 

The differences in the derived values for the thermodynamic properties of phases in the CASH system is due m 

part to the existence of two calorimetric values for the 

entropy of grossular which differ from one another by 4.6 

J•moi-1·K-1. The value of Westrum et al. (438) was determined on a natural sample and involved a substantial correction for impurities. The value given by Haselton and 

Westrum ( 157) was derived from measurements on a synthetic sample. The heat capacity of the synthetic sample 

used by Haselton and Westrum (157) was later remeasured 

at the USGS by the present authors (359), who found an 

entropy S0 (Ca3Al2Si30t2' 298.15 K) of259.9 J•mol-1•K-1 

which agrees with the Haselton and Westrum value to 

within 0.2 J•mol-1•K-1 (0.08 percent). For this reason we 

have accepted the Haselton-Westrum value for the entropy 

of grossular in evaluating the thermodynamic properties of 

phases in the CASH system. 

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS AND ATOMIC 

WEIGHTS 

The symbols and constants used to prepare these tables 

are listed in the table of contents. The units adopted for 

reporting the thermodynamic properties are those of the 

International System of Units (SI). A formal description of 
~ODSOFCALCULATION 3 

the SI system is given by Goldman and Bell (122). The recommended symbols and terminology used are those from 

the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry 

(IUPAC), "Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical 

Chemistry", by Mills et al. (278) and commonly called the 

"Greenbook". The Green book is also a convenient source 

for the CODATA values of the fundamental physical constants, the 1985 atomic weights of the elements, and contains a detailed description of the SI system of units. 

Values for the gas constant (R), the Faraday constant 

{F), and the Avogadro constant (A) used in the calculations 

are those adopted by the CODATA Task Group from the 

least squares evaluation of Cohen and Taylor (75). For convenience, we also give values for the atomic weights for 

1985 (scale C12 = 12.000, Mills et al. (278)) in alphabetical 

order by their chemical symbol in table 1. 

REFERENCE STATES 

The reference pressure for the standard state adopted 

for these tables is 1 bar, that is 1 OS Pascals. For a gaseous 

phase, Cp, (H!f- H~9s)1 , and ArH0 are independent of 

pressure, but the numerical values of S0 , (G!f- H~9s)1 , 

At<J0 depend upon the choice of pressure. The change in 

pressure from p = 1 atm (1.0135 bar) to 1 bar yields AS = 

0.11 J •moi-1• K-1. For a condensed phase (liquid or solid), it 

can be shown that the effect of changing the reference pressure from 1 atm to 1 bar has only a trivial effect upon all the 

thermodynamic properties tabulated in this report except for 

At<J0 , where a change will occur if one of the reference elements (usually oxygen) is a gas. 

The standard states for the condensed elements are the 

most stable form at 1 bar pressure and the stated temperature. For gaseous elements, the standard state is the ideal 

gas at 1 bar pressure. Data are listed for the elements in their 

standard reference states, and for a few in nonstandard 

states; for example, S2 gas and the diamond form of carbon. 

The reference state adopted for an element above its normal 

boiling or sublimation temperature is not necessarily its 

equilibrium state. Thus, at equilibrium, liquid sulfur boils at 

1 bar pressure and approximately 716.9 K to a gas composed of S, S2, S4, S6, Sg, etc., but for our reference table, 

we have assumed the gas phase to be only S2. For the reference state table for sulfur we have followed the JANAF 

(67) tables procedure using 882.12 K as the fictive boiling 

temperature at which liquid sulfur is in equilibrium with S2 

gas at 1 bar pressure. Because of the convenience of using 

diatomic sulfur gas in calculations of sulfide mineral equilibria we have included a second set of high-temperature 

tables for which the reference state for calculating At<J0

, 

and ArH0 and log Kr for the sulfide phase is S2 gas. The user 

is cautioned not to intermix values from the two different 

reference states in their calculations. In other ambiguous 

cases, we have chosen either the dominant species in the gas 

or that species for which the best thermodynamic data are 

available as the reference state. 

The reference states for ArH0

, AtG0

, and log Kr of the 

compounds are the elements in their standard states at 1 bar 

pressure and the stated temperature. 

METHODS OF CALCULATION 

Having chosen what we believe are the currently "best 

available" values for Hr -H29s, or C~ (T), S29s and either 

ArH29s or AfGl9s, we have calculated the Gibbs energy 

function, and the enthalpy, Gibbs energy, and the equilibrium constant of formation at 100 K intervals using the following relations: 

and 

(G1-- H29s)11 = (H1-- H29s)11 - S1-

ArH1- = ArH29s + A(H1- - H29s) 

AtG1- = Atfl29s + TA[(G1- - H29s)11

] 

log Kr,T =At<Jl-(2.30258 RT)-1 = -At<J29s(19.145T)-1 

These values together with C~, S1- and (HT- H29s)11 are 

tabulated in the third section. 

Transitions in heat capacity are treated in the standard 

manner: heat capacity curves are fit to the experimental values above and below the transition; values calculated from 

an extrapolation of the equation to the transition temperature are compared to the experimental values; and differences are summed to give an enthalpy of transition that is 

applied at the transition temperature. 

The uncertainties assigned to the properties apply only 

to the values at 298.15 K. The principal source has been the 

original report of the experimental data. By convention, the 

uncertainty interval reported for calorimetric measurements 

is twice the standard deviation of the mean; that is, 

where xi is the value for an individual measurement, Xm is 

the arithmetic mean of all the measurements, and n is the 

number of measurements. 

For generating the high-temperature tables, the input 

data supplied to the computer are the identifying name of 

the substance, the entropy, the enthalpy of formation at 

298.15 K, the number of atoms of each element in the 

chemical formula, and the coefficients for the heat capacity 

equation. A commercial spreadsheet is used to compute the 

formula weight of the compound and values for S!f, ArH!f, 

At<J1-, log Kr,T, c;, (HT- H29s)11, and (G1-- Hl9s) 1 1, 

at 100 K intervals up to 1800 K. Auxiliary data such as the 

melting and boiling points and enthalpies of melting and 

vaporization are also included. In addition, coefficients 
4 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

from a regression performed on the calculated values of 

AtG1- are included. The equation adopted is: 

At<J1- =A+ BT + CT-2 

The coefficients for the equations are listed, in scientific 

notation, at the bottom of the page for the individual hightemperature tables. The equations are given only for those 

minerals for which the regression yielded a fit of better than 

1 percent. 

ADDflaONALCO~NTS 

Small numbers of some groups are presented with 

other groups for convenience and economy. Examples 

Table 1. Atomic weights of the elements for 1985. 

Element Symbol 

Actinium....................................... Ac 

Silver............................................. Ag Aluminum..................................... AI 

Americium.................................... Am 

Argon............................................ Ar 

Arsenic.......................................... As 

Astatine......................................... At 

Gold.............................................. Au 

Boron............................................ B 

Barium.......................................... Ba 

Beryllium...................................... Be 

Bismuth......................................... Bi 

Bromine........................................ Br 

Carbon........................................... C 

Calcium......................................... Ca 

Cadmium....................................... Cd 

Cerium.......................................... Ce 

Chlorine ........................................ Cl 

Cobalt............................................ Co 

Chromium..................................... Cr 

Cesium.......................................... Cs 

Copper........................................... Cu 

Dysprosium................................... Dy Erbium.......................................... Er 

Europium ...................................... Eu 

Fluorine......................................... F 

Iron................................................ Fe 

Francium....................................... Fr 

Gallium......................................... Ga 

Gadolinium ................................... Gd 

Germanium................................... Ge 

Hydrogen...................................... H 

Helium.......................................... He 

Hafnium........................................ Hf 

Mercury......................................... Hg Holmium....................................... Ho 

Iodine............................................ I 

Indium........................................... In 

Iridium.......................................... Ir 

Potassium...................................... K 

Krypton......................................... Kr 

Lanthanum.................................... La 

Lithium......................................... Li 

Lutetium........................................ Lu 

Magnesium................................... Mg Manganese.................................... Mn 

Molybdenum................................. Mo 

Nitrogen........................................ N 

Atomic Weight 

(227) 

107.8682 

26.98154 

(243) 

39.948 

74.92159 

(210) 

196.96654 

10.811 

137.327 

9.01218 

208.98037 

79.904 

12.011 

40.078 

112.411 

140.115 

35.4527 

58.9332 

51.9961 

132.90543 

63.546 

162.50 

167.26 

151.965 

18.99840 

55.847 

(223) 

69.723 

157.25 

72.61 

1.00794 

4.00260 

178.49 

200.59 

164.93032 

126.90447 

114.82 

192.22 

39.0983 

83.80 

138.9055 

6.941 

174.967 

24.3050 

54.93805 

95.94 

14.00674 

include tellurides, selenides and arsenides that are included 

with sulfides and sulfosalts, and methane, cohenite, and 

ammonia that are included with the elements. 

The data available in this publication are also available 

on diskette for a nominal fee through the Generic Mineral 

Technology Center for Pyrometallurgy at the University of 

Missouri at Rolla as a part of the FREED database. FREED 

is a thermodynamic database program for storing, retrieving, editing, and manipulating thermodynamic data on a 

computer. FREED was developed with support from the 

U.S. Department of Interior's Mineral Institute Program, 

administered by the U.S. Bureau of Mines, and the U.S. 

Department of Energy through the Westinghouse Savannah 

River Plant. 

Element Symbol 

Sodium.......................................... Na 

Niobium........................................ Nb 

Neodymium................................... Nd 

Neon.............................................. Ne 

Nickel............................................ Ni 

Neptunium..................................... Np Oxygen.......................................... 0 

Osmium......................................... Os 

Phosphorus.................................... P 

Protactinium.................................. Pa 

Lead............................................... Pb 

Palladium...................................... Pd 

Polonium....................................... Po 

Promethium................................... Pm 

Praseodymium............................... Pr 

Platinum........................................ Pt 

Plutonium...................................... Pu 

Radium.......................................... Ra 

Rubidium....................................... Rb 

Rhenium ....................... :................ Re 

Rhodium........................................ Rh 

Radon............................................ Rn 

Ruthenium..................................... Ru 

Sulfur............................................. S 

Antimony...................................... Sb 

Scandium....................................... Sc 

Selenium ....................................... Se 

Silicon........................................... Si 

Samarium...................................... Sm 

Tm ................................................. Sn 

Strontium....................................... Sr 

Tantalum ....................................... Ta 

Terbium......................................... 1b 

Technetium.................................... 1C 

Tellurium....................................... Te 

Thorium......................................... Th 

Titanium........................................ n 

Thallium........................................ Tl 

Thulium......................................... Tm 

Uranium........................................ U 

Vanadium...................................... V 

Tungsten........................................ W 

Xenon............................................ Xe 

Yttrium.......................................... Y Ytterbium~..................................... Yb 

Zinc............................................... Zn 

Zirconium...................................... Zr 

Atomic Weight 

22.98977 

92.90638 

144.24 

20.1797 

58.69 

(237) 

15.9994 

190.2 

30.97376 

231.03588 

207.2 

106.42 

(209) 

(145) 

140.90765 

195.08 

(244) 

(266) 

85.4678 

186.207 

102.90550 

(222) 

101.07 

32.066 

121.75 

44.95591 

78.96 

28.0855 

150.36 

118.710 

87.62 

180.9479 

158.92534 

(98) 

127.60 

232.0381 

47.88 

204.3833 

168.93421 

238.0289 

50.9415 

183.85 

131.29 

88.90585 

173.04 

65.39 

91.224 
ELEMENTS s 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of ELEMENTS IN THEIR REFERENCE STATE AT 298.15 K 

NNE AND FORJIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• ..... Ali. 

Sl J·mol·1

·C1 a} kJ·mor1 kJ •mol·1 s H/G c 

SILVER (REFERENCE STATE) 107.868 42.55 10.272 0.0 0.0 0.00 85 85 

Ag 0.21 0.002 

Ag+ (AQUEOUS I ON) 107.868 73.45 105.8 77.1 -13.50 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.40 o. 1 o. 1 0.02 

ALUMINUM (REFERENCE STATE) 26.982 28.30 9.999 o.o 0.0 0.00 67 92 

Al 0.08 0.001 92 67 

Al3+ (AQUEOUS ION) 26.982 -332 -538.4 -489.4 86.11 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 10 1.5 1.4 0.79 170 330 

ARSENIC (REFERENCE STATE) 74.922 35.69 12.963 0.0 o.o 0.00 361 361 

As 0.84 0.020 

GOLD (REFERENCE STATE) 196.967 47.49 10.215 0.0 0.0 0.00 361 

Au 0.21 0.002 

BORON (REFERENCE STATE) 10.811 5.83 4.386 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

B 0.08 0.007 85 85 

BARIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 137.327 62.42 38.21 0.0 0.0 0.00 361 361 

Ba 0.84 0.02 

aa2+ (AQUEOUS ION) 137.327 8.40 -532.5 -555.4 97.30 54 54 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.50 1.0 1 .o o. 18 

BERYLLIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 9.012 9.50 4.880 0.0 0.0 0.00 85 85 

Be 0.08 0.002 67 67 

BISMUTH (REFERENCE STATE) 208.980 56.74 21.31 0.0 o.o 0.00 361 361 

Bi 0.42 0.01 127 

BROMINE (REFERENCE STATE) 159.808 152.20 54.58 0.0 0.0 0.00 85 67 

Br2 (LIQUID) 0.30 0.20 

BROMINE (I DEAL GAS) 159.808 245.47 24789.7 30.9 3.1 -0.55 85 \ 85 67 

Br2 0.05 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.05 

Br· (AQUEOUS ION) 79.904 82.55 -121.4 -103.8 18.18 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.20 0.2 0.2 0.04 

GRAPHITE (REFERENCE STATE) 12.011 5.74 5.298 0.0 0.0 0.00 85 85 

c o. 10 0.001 

DIAMOND 12.011 2.38 3.417 1.9 2.9 -0.51 419 419 419 

c 0.20 0.001 0.0 0.1 0.02 
6 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS IN THEIR REFERENCE STATE AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

so yo 4,H0 '-'0 

Sl J ·mor'·IC' r;,} kJ•110l-1 kJ·110r' s H/G c 

CALCIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 40.078 42.90 26.19 0.0 0.0 0.00 360 117 

c. 0.10 0.04 

ca2• (AQUEOUS ION) 40.078 -56.2 -543.0 -553.6 96.99 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 1.0 1.0 419 

CADMIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 112.411 51.80 13.005 0.0 0.0 0.00 85 85 

Cd 0.15 0.003 

~· (AQUEOUS ION) 112.411 -n.8 -75.9 -77.6 -13.59 85 85 

STD. STATE, • = 1 1.5 0.6 0.6 0.11 

CERIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 140.115 n.o 20.77 0.0 o.o 0.00 419 361 

Ce 4.0 0.02 

CHLORINE (REFERENCE STATE) 70.905 223.08 24789.7 o.o 0.0 0.00 67 67 

CL2 (IDEAL GAS) 0.01 0.2 85 85 

Cl. (AQUEOUS ION) 35.453 56.60 -167.1 -131.2 22.99 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.20 0.1 o. 1 

COBALT (REFERENCE STATE) 58.933 30.04 6.670 0.0 0.0 0.00 361 361 

Co 0.42 0.002 

CHROMIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 51.996 23.62 7.231 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

Cr 0.21 0.001 

CESIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 132.905 85.23 69.73 o.o 0.0 0.00 85 

Cs 0.40 0.40 

es• (AQUEOUS ION) 132.905 132.1 -258.0 -291.5 51.07 85 15 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.18 

COPPER (REFERENCE STATE) 63.546 33.14 7.113 0.0 0.0 0.00 365 443 

cu 0.03 0.003 67 

cu• (AQUEOUS ION) 63.546 40.60 71.7 50.0 -8.76 419 419 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.40 0.1 0.1 0.02 

cu2+ (AQUEOUS ION) 63.546 -98.0 64.9 65.1 -11.40 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 4.0 1.0 0.1 0.02 

FLUORINE (REFERENCE STATE) 37.997 202.79 24789.7 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

F2 (IDEAL GAS) 0.02 0.2 85 85 

F. (AQUEOUS JON) 18.998 -13.8 -335.4 -281.5 49.32 15 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.12 
ELEMENTS 7 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS IN THEIR REFERENCE STATE AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• yo A,Ho A,Go 

I J•IIOl-1•1(1 ctiJ kJ•110l"1 kJ•110l"1 s H/G c 

IRON (REFERENCE STATE) 55.847 27.09 7.092 o.o 0.0 0.00 90 90 

Fe o. 13 0.004 67 67 

Fe2+ (AQUEClJS I ON) 55.847 -107.1 -91.1 -90.0 15.77 411 411 

STD. STATE, • • 1 2.0 3.0 2.0 0.35 

F,}+ (AQUEClJS ION) 55.847 -280.0 -49.9 -16.7 2.93 411 411 

STD. STATE, • • 1 13.0 5.0 2.0 0.35 

GERMANIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 72.61 31.09 13.630 0.0 0.0 0.00 85 361 

Ge o. 15 0.005 

HYDROGEN (REFERENCE STATE) 2.016 130.68 24789.7 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

Hz (IDEAL GAS) 0.02 0.2 85 85 

H+ (AQUEOOS ION) 1.008 0.00 0 0.0 0.0 0.00 

STD. STATE, • • 1 

MERCURY (REFERENCE STATE) 200.59 75.90 14.822 0.0 0.0 0.00 85 361 

Hg (LIQUID) 0.12 0.002 

Hg2+ (AQUEClJS I ON) 200.59 -36.2 170.2 163.5 -28.64 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.04 

Hgf+ (AQUEOOS ION) 401.18 65.74 166.9 153.6 -26.91 85 85 

STD.STATE, • • 1 0.80 0.5 0.5 0.09 

IODINE (REFERENCE STATE) 253.809 116.14 51.29 0.0 0.0 0.00 85 67 67 

lz 0.30 0.06 

IODINE (IDEAL GAS) 253.809 260.69 24789.7 62.4 19.3 -3.39 67 67 

lz 0.02 0.2 o. 1 0.1 0.01 

(AQUEClJS ION) 126.904 106.45 -56.8 -51.7 9.06 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.30 o. 1 o. 1 0.02 

POTASSIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 39.098 64.67 45.36 0.0 o.o 0.00 85 85 

K 0.20 0.09 67 67 

,. (AQUEOOS ION) 39.098 101.20 -252.1 -282.5 49.48 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.20 o. 1 0.1 0.01 

LITHIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 6.941 29.09 13.017 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

Li 0.20 0.007 85 

u• (AQUEOOS ION) 6.941 12.24 -278.5 -292.9 51.31 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.15 o. 1 o. 1 0.01 
8 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

-. 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of ELEMENTS IN THEIR REFERENCE STATE AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORJIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLlJ4E ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• yo 4,H0 A,Go 

Sl J·mor1 ·1C1 c.i5 kJ·•r, kJ·•r1 s H/G c 

MAGNESIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 24.305 32.67 13.996 0.0 0.0 0.00 85 85 

Mg 0.10 0.007 67 

Mg2+ (AQUEOUS ION) 24.305 -137.0 -467.0 -455.4 79.78 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 4.0 0.6 0.6 0.11 

MANGANESE (REFERENCE STATE) 54.938 32.01 7.354 0.0 0.0 0.00 91 91 

Mn 0.08 0.007 

Mn2+ (AQUEOUS ION) 54.938 -73.60 -220.8 -228.1 39.96 419 419 

STD. STATE, m • 1 1.00 0.5 0.5 0.09 

MOLYBDENUM (REFERENCE STATE) 95.94 28.66 9.387 0.0 0.0 0.00 91 91 

Mo 0.21 0.005 

NITROGEN (REFERENCE STATE) 28.013 191.61 24789.7 o.o 0.0 0.00 67 67 

112 0.02 0.2 85 85 

SODIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 22.990 51.46 23.81 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

Na 0.20 0.01 85 85 

Na• (AQUEOUS ION) 22.990 58.45 -240.3 -261.5 45.81 85 85 

STD. STATE, • = 1 0.15 0.1 0.1 0.01 

NICKEL (REFERENCE STATE) 58.69 29.87 6.588 o.o 0.0 0.00 67 67 

IIi 0.08 0.003 

Nt 2• (AQUEOUS ION) 58.69 -128.9 -54.0 -45.6 7.99 419 419 

STD. STATE, m = 1 2.0 0.9 0.9 0.15 

OXYGEN (REFERENCE STATE) 31.999 205.15 24789.7 o.o 0.0 0.00 67 67 

~ (IDEAL GAS) 0.02 0.2 85 85 

PHOSPHORUS (REFERENCE STATE) 30.974 41.09 17.3 0.0 0.0 0.00 85 85 

p (WHITE) 0.25 0.3 

LEAD (REFERENCE STATE) 207.2 64.8 18.267 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

Pb 0.5 0.006 

pt}+ (AQUEOUS ION) 207.2 18.5 0.9 -24.2 4.24 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.04 

PLATINUM (REFERENCE STATE) 195.08 41.63 9.091 o.o 0.0 0.00 361 361 

Pt 0.21 0.004 

SULFUR (REFERENCE STATE) 32.066 32.05 15.511 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

s ORTHORHOtB I C 0.05 0.005 85 
ELEMENTS 9 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS IN THEIR REFERENCE STATE AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORtiJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFEREICES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A.Jio Ali. 

g J •110l"1 •1C"1 cri5 kJ·.,r' kJ·.,r' s H/G c 

SULFUR 32.066 33.03 0.3 0.0 0.00 67 419 67 

s MONOCLINIC 0.05 0.1 

s2· (AQUECJJS ION) 32.066 -14.6 33.1 85.8 -15.03 419 419 

STD. STATE, • • 1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.18 

DIATOMIC SULFUR 64.132 228.17 24789.7 128.6 79.7 -13.96 67 67 67 

S2 (IDEAL GAS) 0.02 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.05 

ANTIMONY (REFERENCE STATE) 121.75 45.52 18.178 0.0 0.0 0.00 361 361 

Sb 0.21 0.009 

SELENIUM ·(REFERENCE STATE) 78.96 42.27 16.42 0.0 0.0 0.00 62 126 

Se 0.05 0.01 

SILICON (REFERENCE STATE) 28.086 18.81 12.056 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

Sf 0.08 0.002 15 

H4Sf04 ° (AQUECJJS ION) 96.115 180.0 -1460.0 -1307.5 229.12 179 422 

STD. STATE, • • 1 4.2 1. 7 2.1 0.37 215 414 

TIN (REFERENCE STATE) 118.710 51.18 16.29 0.0 0.0 0.00 15 15 

Sn (WHITE, lET.) 0.08 0.01 

STRONTIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 87.62 55.69 33.92 0.0 0.0 0.00 39 67 

Sr 0.20 0.02 

sr2+ (AQUECJJS ION) 87.62 -31.5 -550.9 -563.8 98.78 55 55 

STD. STATE, • = 1 2.0 0.5 0.8 0.14 

TELLURIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 127.60 49.71 20.48 0.0 0.0 0.00 361 361 

Te 0.20 0.01 

THORIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 232.038 51.83 19.79 0.0 0.0 0.00 319 319 

Th 0.50 0.01 

TITANIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 47.88 30.76 10.63 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

Tt 0.10 0.01 

URANIUM (REFERENCE-STATE) 238.029 50.2 12.50 o.o 0.0 0.00 15 15 

u 0.2 0.02 

VANADIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 50.942 28.94 8.350 o.o 0.0 0.00 67 67 

v 0.42 0.004 

TUNGSTEN (REFERENCE STATE) 183.85 32.65 9.545 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

w 0.10 0.004 
10 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of ELEMENTS IN THEIR REFERENCE STATE AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFEREICES 

ENERGY 

s• v• ..... '-'. 

g J ·-l-1·1"1 ai5 kJ·•l"1 kJ·•l"1 s H/G c 

ZINC (REFERENCE STATE) 65.39 41.63 9.162 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

Zn 0.15 0.007 85 

zn2+ (AQUEOOS ION) 65.39 -109.8 -153.4 -147.3 25.79 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.04 

ZIRCONIUM (REFERENCE STATE) 91.224 38.87 14.016 0.0 0.0 0.00 67 67 

Zr 0.20 0.007 

METHANE (IDEAL GAS) 16.043 186.26 24789.7 -74.8 -50.7 8.88 419 419 67 

CH4 0.21 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.07 67 67 

COHENITE 179.552 104.4 23.23 24.9 19.7 ·3.45 36t 361 361 

Fe:JC 3.4 0.01 1.3 1.7 0.30 

AMMONIA (IDEAL GAS) 17.031 192.77 24789.7 ·45.9 -16.4 2.87 67 67 67 

N~ 0.03 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.06 

NH4 + (AClUEOOS ION) 18.039 111.17 -133.3 -79.4 13.91 85 85 

STD. STATE, • = 1 0.40 0.3 0.3 0.05 
SULFIDES AND SULFOSALTS 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SULFIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORJIJLA 

ACANTHITE (ARGENTITE) 

AlzS 

REALGAR 

AsS 

ORPIMENT 

As ~ 

II SMUTH IN ITE 

ai ~ 

TELLUROBISMUTHITE 

ai2Te;s 

OLDHAMITE 

CaS 

GREENOCICITE 

CdS 

CATTIERITE 

coS2 

COVEL LITE 

cus 

ANI LITE 

cu1. 75s 

DIGENITE 

cu1•80s 

DJURLEITE 

Cu1.95s 

CHALCOCITE 

c~s 

CHALCOPYRITE 

CuFes2 

WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE 

ENERGY 

I 

247.802 

106.988 

246.041 

514.159 

800.761 

72.144 

144.477 

123.065 

305.064 

95.612 

143.272 

146.449 

155.981 

159.158 

183.525 

501.841 

142.9 

0.3 

63.5 

0.6 

163.6 

1.6 

200.4 

3.3 

34.19 

0.04 

29.80 

0.24 

70.51 

0.25 

75.52 

0.04 

261.1 101.85 

5.0 0.09 

56.7 

1.3 

72.2 

0.3 

74.8 

0.2 

176.0 

0.4 

67.4 

0.1 

107.5 

0.2 

109.6 

0.2 

114.8 

0.2 

116.2 

0.2 

124.9 

0.2 

398.5 

0.8 

27.72 

0.09 

29.93 

0.02 

25.52 

0.01 

62.55 

0.02 

20.42 

0.02 

25.79 

0.02 

25.63 

0.05 

26.89 

0.02 

27.48 

0.02 

43.92 

0.02 

98.73 

0.05 

&.H• &.a• 

kJ·•l·' kJ·•r' 

·32.0 

1.0 

-30.9 

5.0 

·91.6 

4.2 

·135.2 

2.4 

-78.7 

2.1 

-474.9 

2.1 

·149.6 

1.3 

·150.9 

4.9 

·347.5 

7.3 

-54.6 

0.3 

-73.3 

0.3 

-73.0 

0.5 

-78.8 

0.4 

-83.9 

1.1 

·194.9 

1.6 

-371.6 

2.1 

·39.7 

1.0 

-29.6 

5.0 

-90.4 

4.2 

·132.4 

2.6 

-78.2 

2.6 

-469.5 

2.1 

·146.1 

1.3 

·145.1 

4.9 

-334.9 

7.3 

·55.3 

0.3 

-78.5 

0.3 

-78.3 

0.5 

-84.2 

0.4 

-89.2 

1.1 

·195.1 

1.6 

·394.7 

2.1 

LOG(K) REFERENCES 

S H/G C 

6.96 141 121 141 

0.18 52 306 

5.19 429 419 270 

0.88 270 

15.84 372 50 210 

0.74 

23.20 372 52 

0.46 

t3. 71 201 279 

0.46 

82.25 67 67 

0.37 279 

25.60 38 3 38 

0.23 

25.42 399 60 326 

0.86 376 

58.66 399 60 

1.28 98 

9.69 109 337 109 

0.05 442 442 

13.76 133 337 133 

0.05 140 

13.72 133 337 133 

0.09 

14.75 394 337 394 

0.07 

15.62 142 369 109 

o. 19 109 48 142 

34.18 371 369 325 

0.28 371 369 

69.32 369 369 325 

0.37 369 

11 
12 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SULFIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORJIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• ...... A,G• 

I J·mol"'·K'"' ~ kJ·mol·' kJ·mol-1 s H/G c 

CUBANITE 271.438 205.0 67.44 388 280 

CuFe ~ 0.8 0.06 

IIUKUNOAMI TE 613.779 278.0 -564.5 98.90 369 

c"s.5Fes6.5 0.5 3.4 0.59 

TROILITE 87.913 60.3 18.20 -101 .o -101.3 17.75 143 69 79 

FeS 0.2 0.03 1.5 1.5 0.26 347 3 131 

PYRRHOTITE 80.932 60.7 17.49 -97.5 -98.9 17.33 143 131 131 

Fe.875s 0.2 0.05 2.0 2.0 0.35 

PYRRHOTITE 82.328 63.2 16.88 -97.6 -99.6 14.45 135 375 135 

Fe.90s o. 1 o. 10 2.0 2.0 0.35 

PYRITE 119.979 52.9 23.94 -171.5 -160.1 28.05 138 409 79 

Fes2 o. 1 0.01 1.7 1.7 0.30 67 

MARCASITE 119.979 53.9 24.58 -169.5 -158.4 27.75 139 139 139 

Fes2 o. 1 0.02 2.1 2.1 0.37 

LOELLINGITE 205.690 80.1 27.51 -57.8 -52.3 9.17 332 25 

FeAa2 0.7 0.02 5.0 5.0 0.88 

FERROSELITE 213.767 86.9 29.96 138 

Fese2 0.3 0.05 

FROHBERGITE 311.047 100.2 38.43 -72.4 -64.6 11.31 437 279 

FeTe2 0.2 0.05 4.2 4.2 0.74 

HYDROGEN SULFIDE (IDEAL GAS) 34.082 205.8 24789.70 -20.6 -33.4 5.86 85 85 85 

H2s 0.2 0.20 0.6 0.6 o. 11 67 67 67 

HS- (AQUEOUS ION) 33.074 67.0 16.3 44.8 -7.86 85 85 

STD. STATE, • = 1 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.05 

CINNABAR 232.656 82.5 28.42 -54.3 -40.7 7.13 233 326 

HgS 2.1 0.02 2.1 2.7 0.47 279 

METACINNABAR 232.656 96.2 30.17 -46.7 -43.3 7.59 217 120 

HgS 4.2 0.02 1.5 0.8 o. 15 

IIIIIIIIGERITE 56.371 50.3 21.17 -345.7 -341.4 59.81 67 67 67 

MgS 0.4 0.02 4.2 4.2 0.74 

ALABANDITE 87.004 80.3 21.46 -213.9 -218.7 38.31 279 3 79 

MnS 0.8 0.01 0.8 0.9 0.17 375 203 
SULHDESANDSULFOSALTS 13 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SULFIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• yo A,H• ¥0 

Sl J •1110r, • K", ai5 kJ•110l·1 kJ·•r1 s H/G c 

HAUERITE 119.070 99.9 34.20 ·223;.8 -224.6 39.35 441 279 

Mn$2 0.1 0.01 10.0 10.0 1.75 

MOLYBDENITE 160.072 62.6 32.02 ·271.8 -262.8 46.04 275 305 114 

MoS2 0.2 0.02 4.9 4.9 0.86 

MILLERITE 90.756 53.0 16.89 ·91.0 -63.9 14.97 429 58 271 

NfS 0.4 0.01 3.0 3.0 0.53 271 98 

HEAZLEWOOOITE 240.202 133.2 40.95 ·216.3 ·210.2 36.83 395 58 107 

Nt3s2 0.3 0.02 3.0 3.0 0.53 67 276 

PENTLANDITE 771.944 155.40 ·837.4 59 

Ni4.sFe4.ssa 0.20 14.6 

VIOLARITE 301.775 63.80 ·378 59 

(Ni.7Fe.3)3s4 0.30 11.8 

GALENA 239.266 91.7 31.49 -98.3 -96.8 16.96 67 397 67 

PbS 0.7 0.01 2.0 2.0 0.35 326 245 326 

CLAUSTHALITE 286.160 102.5 34.61 ·100.1 -98.7 17.30 279 279 

PbSe 2.1 0.01 2.3 2.1 0.37 

ALTAITE 334.800 110.0 40.60 -70.7 -69.4 12.15 217 419 

PbTe 2.1 0.01 1.4 1.5 0.27 

COOPERITE 227.146 55.1 22.15 -82.4 -76.9 13.46 136 136 

PtS o. 1 0.01 3.4 3.4 0.59 

STIBNITE 339.698 182.0 73.41 ·151.4 ·149.9 26.26 234 382 211 

~~ 3.3 0.04 2.3 2.1 0.37 53 51 

HERZENBERGITE 150.776 77.0 29.01 ·106.5 ·104.6 18.33 229 347 315 

SnS 0.8 0.02 1.5 1.5 0.26 

BERNDTITE 182.842 87.5 40.96 ·149.8 ·141.5 24.79 229 326 315 

Sn$2 0.2 0.02 5.0 5.0 0.88 

TUNGSTENITE 247.982 67.8 32.07 ·241.6 -233.0 40.82 304 303 304 

ws2 0.3 0.02 2.5 2.5 0.44 304 

SPHALERITE 97.456 58.7 23.83 ·204.1 ·199.6 34.97 398 378 324 

ZnS 0.2 0.01 1.5 1.5 0.26 

WRTZITE 97.456 58.8 23.85 ·203.8 ·199.3 34.92 398 338 324 

ZnS 0.2 0.01 1.5 1.5 0.26 
14 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SULFIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOL liE ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• 4,11• A,G· 

g J·110r'·1C' a} kJ·•l"' kJ•110l"1 s H/G c 

PROUSTITE 494.724 303.7 88.42 146 

ASI]AS~ 0.5 0.02 

SMITHITE 246.922 150.5 50.12 146 

AgAsS2 0.2 0.30 

ENARGITE 393.824 257.6 88.24 381 

C"']A&S4 0.6 0.12 

ARSENOPYRITE 166.263 68.8 26.42 331 

FeAs1.0850.92 0.4 0.07 

Ll VI NGSTON ITE 944.118 470.5 192.90 -373.2 -360.2 63.10 145 454 

HgSb4s8 1.5 6.5 6.5 1.14 

BERTHIERITE 427.611 245.0 92.22 -256.2 -255.8 44.82 97 382 382 

Fe~s4 1.0 0.20 6.5 6.5 1.14 

CHALCOSTI BITE 249.428 149.2 50.06 -130.8 -132.7 23.25 382 382 382 

CUSbS2 3.8 0.10 4.4 4.2 0.74 

Fe· TENNANTI TE 1463.698 1024.2 332.10 380 

cu10 Fe~s 13 

Fe-TETRAHEDRITE 1651.012 1061.0 336.70 380 

cu10Fe2sb4s13 

Zn·TENNANTITE 1482.784 1025.6 332.10 380 

cu10z~s 13 

Zn-TETRAHEDRITE 1670.098 1062.4 336.70 380 

cu10z"2Sb4s13 

PYRARGYRITE 541.553 92.56 -131.5 51 

ASI]S~ 0.04 3 

MIARGYRITE 293.750 52.03 -95.8 51 

ca·AgSbS2 0.09 2.6 

MATILDITE 380.980 54.44 -165.3 52 

8·AgBiS2 0.10 8 
OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES 15 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF OKIDE AND HYDROXIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLl.IE ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

EtiERGY 

s• v• a.•· j"'• 

I J •IIDl"' •I(' a} kJ·•l"' kJ .. .,l"' s H/G c 

CORUNDUM 101.961 50.9 25.58 -1675.7 -1582.3 277.20 93 268 94 

Alz03 0.1 0.01 1.3 1.3 0.23 94 85 57 

BOEHMITE 59.988 37.2 19.54 -996.4 ·918.4 160.90 176 176 

AlO(OH) 0.1 0.03 2.2 2.2 0.39 12 

DIASPORE 59.988 35.3 17.76 -1001.3 ·922.7 161.53 334 12 

AlO(OH) 0.2 0.03 2.2 2.1 0.88 230 176 

GIBBSITE 78.004 68.4 31.96 -1293.1 -11154.9 202.33 178 171 178 

Al(OH)3 0.1 0.02 1.2 1.2 0.21 212 

ARSENOLITE 197.841 107.4 51.12 -657.0 .. 576.0 100.90 61 419 

Asz03 0.1 0.07 1.7 1.9 0.33 

CLAUDETITE 197.841 113.3 47.26 -654.8 .. 575.6 100.83 61 

Asz03 0.1 0.03 1.7 1.1 0.18 

DIBCitON TRIOXIDE 69.620 54.0 27.26 -1273.5 -'1194.4 209.24 85 85 67 

Bz03 0.3 0.06 1.4 1.4 0.25 67 

BARIUM MONOXIDE 153.326 72.1 25.59 -548.1 ··520.4 91.17 85 77 85 

aao 0.4 0.01 2.1 2.1 0.37 111 262 

BROMELLITE 25.012 13.8 8.31 -609.4 ·580.1 101.63 85 85 67 

BeO 0.1 0.03 2.5 2.5 0.44 418 

II SMITE 465.959 151.5 49.73 -573.9 ·493.5 86.45 419 419 319 

Btz03 2.1 0.06 1.3 1.5 0.26 269 

CARBON MOIIOX IDE 28.010 197.3 24789.70 -110.5 ·137.1 24.01 . 67 67 67 

CO (IDEAL GAS) o.o 0.20 0.2 0.2 0.03 117 117 117 

CARBON DIOXIDE 44.010 213.8 24789.70 -393.5 -394.4 69.09 67 67 67 

COz (IDEAL GAS) 0.0 0.20 0.1 0.2 0.03 117 117 117 

~-- (AQUEOUS ION) 60.009 ·50.0 -675.2 -527.0 92.33 85 85 

STD. STATE, • = 1 1.0 0.1 0.3 0.05 36 36 

H~- (AClUEClJS ION) 61.017 98.4 -689.9 ·586.8 102.81 85 85 

STD. STATE, • = 1 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.04 36 36 

Hz~ (UN-IONIZED) 62.025 184.7 ·699.7 -623.2 109.17 419 419 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.02 

LUE 56.077 38.1 16.76 -635.1 -603.1 105.66 67 67 67 

cao 0.4 0.01 0.9 0.9 0.16 117 117 117 
16 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of OXIDE AND HYDROXIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORJIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE 

ENERGY 

A,G· 

kJ·•l"' 

PORTLANDITE 

CaCOH>2 

MONTEPONITE 

Cc:k) 

CERIANITE 

c~ 

COBALT MONOXIDE 

coo 

TRICOBALT TETRAOXIDE 

c~o4 

ESKOLAITE 

cr20:5 

DICESIUM MONOXIDE 

cs2o 

TENORITE 

CLO 

CUPRITE 

~0 

WUSTITE 

Fe.94.,o 

74.093 

128.400 

172.114 

74.933 

240.797 

151.990 

281.810 

79.545 

143.091 

68.887 

FERROUS OXIDE (STOICHIOMETRIC) . 71 .846 

FeO 

GOETHITE 

FeO(OH) 

WATER 

H~ (LIQUID) 

Olf (AQUEOUS ION) 

STD. STATE, • • 1 

159.692 

231.539 

88.854 

18.015 

17.007 

83.4 

0.4 

54.8 

1.5 

62.3 

o. 1 

52.8 

0.3 

109.3 

0.3 

81.2 

1.3 

146.9 

0.4 

42.6 

0.2 

92.4 

0.3 

56.6 

0.4 

60.6 

1.7 

87.4 

0.2 

146.1 

0.4 

60.4 

0.6 

70.0 

o. 1 

-10.7 

0.2 

33.06 

0.02 

15.59 

0.01 

-986.1 

1.3 

-258.4 

0.4 

-898.0 

1.3 

-228.7 

0.6 

23.85 -1088.7 -1025.4 

0.03 1.5 1.9 

11.64 

0.02 

39.77 

0.02 

-237.9 

1.3 

-918.8 

2.0 

-214.1 

1.3 

-802.2 

2.0 

29.09 -1134.7 -1053.1 

0.03 8.4 8.4 

59.62 

0.07 

12.22 

0.03 

23.44 

0.02 

12.04 

0.04 

12.00 

0.05 

-346.0 

1.2 

-156.1 

2.0 

-170.6 

o. 1 

-266.3 

0.8 

-272.0 

2.1 

-308.4 

1.2 

-128.3 

2.0 

-147.8 

o. 1 

-244.9 

0.8 

-251.4 

2.2 

30.27 -826.2 -744.4 

0.01 1.3 1.3 

44.52 -1115.7 -1012.7 

0.01 2.1 2.1 

20.82 -562.6 -491.8 

0.04 2.1 2.1 

18.07 

0.00 

-285.8 

0.1 

-230.0 

0.1 

-237.1 

0.1 

-157.3 

0.1 

LOG(K) REFERENCES 

S H/G C 

157.33 67 67 67 

0.23 158 158 117 

40.07 85 85 

0.11 '2117 

179.64 436 14 227 

0.34 

37.52 287 308 319 

0.23 45 125 

140.54 222 319 319 

0.35 307 

184.49 67 67 67 

1.47 '2117 

54.02 112 384 112 

0.21 

22.48 67 67 272 

0.35 272 

25.89 67 190 272 

0.02 310 272 67 

42.91 67 198 83 

0.14 132 148 67 

44.05 67 67 67 

0.38 132 

130.41 137 161 83 

0.23 67 310 130 

177.42 440 161 161 

0.37 22 310 134 

86. 16 235 221 

0.12 18 

41.55 85 85 117 

0.01 67 

27.56 85 85 

0.02 
OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of OXIDE AND HYDROXIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA 

STEAM 

Ht» (IDEAL GAS) 

HAFNIUM DIOXIDE 

Hf~ 

MONTROYDITE 

HgO 

DIPOTASSIUM MONOXIDE 

Kt» 

POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE 

KOH 

DILITHIUM MONOXIDE 

Lit» 

PERICLASE 

MgO 

BRUCITE 

Mg(OH)2 

MANGANOSI TE 

MnO 

PYROLUSITE 

~ 

BIXBYITE 

~~ 

BRAUNITE 

Mf7Si012 

MOLYBDITE 

MoO:J 

NITROGEN DIOXIDE 

~ (IDEAL GAS) 

~. (AQUEOOS ION) 

STD. STATE, • • 1 

WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE 

ENERGY 

A,H• ¥• 

kJ·.,r' kJ·.,r' 

18.015 

210.489 

216.589 

94.196 

56.106 

29.881 

40.304 

58.320 

70.937 

86.937 

157.874 

228.812 

604.645 

143.938 

46.006 

62.005 

188.8 24789.70 

0.0 0.20 

-241.8 

0.0 

-228.6 

0.1 

59.3 

0.4 

20.82 -1117.6 -1061.1 

0.01 1.3 1.3 

70.3 

0.3 

94.1 

6.3 

78.9 

0.8 

37.6 

0.3 

26.9 

0.2 

63.2 

0.1 

59.7 

0.4 

52.8 

0.1 

113.7 

0.2 

19.32 

0.02 

40.38 

0.20 

27.45 

0.02 

14.76 

0.01 

11.25 

o.oo 

24.63 

0.07 

13.22 

0.00 

16.61 

0.02 

31.37 

0.05 

-90.8 

0.1 

-363.2 

2.1 

-424.7 

0.6 

-597.9 

2.1 

-601.6 

0.3 

-924.5 

0.4 

-385.2 

0.5 

-520.0 

0.7 

-959.0 

1.0 

-58.5 

0.1 

-322.1 

2.8 

-378.9 

0.6 

-561.2 

2.1 

-569.3 

0.3 

-833.5 

0.4 

-362.9 

0.5 

-465.0 

0.7 

-882.1 

1.0 

164.1 46.95 -1384.5 -1282.5 

0.2 0.06 1.4 1.4 

416.4 125.08 -4260.0 -3944.7 

0.8 0.05 4.0 4.0 

n.1 

0.4 

30.56 

0.04 

240.1 24789.70 

0.1 0.20 

146.7 

0.4 

-745.2 

0.4 

33.1 

0.4 

-206.9 

0.4 

-668.1 

0.4 

51.2 

0.4 

-110.8 

0.4 

LOG(K) REFERENCES 

S H/G C 

40.05 85 85 67 

0.02 117 

185.90 319 256 319 

0.23 319 

10.25 85 85 67 

0.01 415 

56.43 67 67 67 

0.49 

66.39 67 67 67 

0.11 254 

98.31 319 209 319 

0.37 419 67 

99.74 85 85 418 

0.05 67 321 117 

146.02 419 419 228 

0.07 193 

63.58 319 419 391 

0.09 319 

81.47 357 357 357 

0.12 

154.53 357 357 357 

0.18 

224.68 357 357 357 

0.25 

691.08 367 367 367 

0.70 

117.04 85 85 85 

0.07 200 

-8.98 67 67 67 

0.07 

19.42 85 85 

0.07 

17 
18 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF OXIDE AND HYDROXIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORJIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLlJE ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A.M. A.Q· 

I J•110l"1 •K"1 c.iJ kJ •110l"1 kJ·110r' s H/G c 

D I SOO lllll MOIIOX I DE 61.979 75.3 25.88 -414.8 -376.0 65.87 67 302 67 

NazO 0.8 0.08 0.3 0.4 0.07 419 115 

SOO lllll HYDROXIDE 19.997 64.4 18.78 -425.8 -379.6 66.50 67 67 67 

18011 0.8 0.06 0.1 0.3 0.05 419 

IIUNSENITE 74.689 38.0 10.97 -239.3 -211.1 36.99 271 161 161 

110 0.2 0.02 0.4 0.4 0.07 419 191 319 

PHOSPHORUS PENTOXIDE 141.945 114.4 59.40 -1504.9 -1361.6 238.54 319 319 

PzOs 0.4 0.20 0.5 0.5 0.10 67 67 

P04•·· (ACIUECIJS ION) 94.971 -222.0 -1259.6 -1001.6 175.47 419 419 

STD. STATE, • • 1 4.2 0.9 0.9 0.15 

LITHARGE (RED) 223.199 66.5 23.91 -219.0 -188.9 33.10 72 419 319 

PbO 0.2 0.05 0.8 0.8 0.14 419 

MSSICOT (YELLCII) 223.199 68.7 23.15 -217.3 -187.9 32.92 419 15 319 

PbO 0.2 0.03 0.3 0.3 0.06 419 

PLATTNERITE 239.199 71.8 25.01 -277.4 -218.3 38.25 319 419 319 

~ 0.4 0.01 2.9 2.9 0.51 

MINiliiJ 685.598 212.0 76.81 ·718.7 -601.6 105.40 67 67 67 

Pb.J04 6.7 0.09 6.3 6.6 1.16 419 

SULFtll DIOXIDE 64.065 248.2 24789.70 -296.8 -300.1 52.57 85 85 67 

~ (IDEAL GAS) 0.1 0.20 0.2 0.2 0.04 117 

SULFtll TRIOXIDE 80.064 256.8 24789.70 -395.7 ·371.0 64.99 419 419 67 

~ (IDEAL GAS) 0.8 0.20 0.7 0.7 0.12 67 67 

~ .• (AQUECIJS ION) 80.064 ·29.0 -635.5 -486.5 85.23 419 419 

STD. STATE, • • 1 4.2 0.9 0.9 0.15 

so4 •• (AQUECIJS ION) 96.064 18.5 -909.3 ·744.0 130.34 85 85 

STD. STATE, • • 1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.07 

VALENTINITE 291.498 123.0 50.01 ·708.6 ·626.4 109.75 319 419 

5¥3 2.5 0.05 2.9 3.0 0.53 

SILICON MONOXIDE 44.085 211.6 24789.70 ·100.4 -127.3 22.30 67 67 67 

SIO (IDEAL GAS) 0.8 0.20 8.4 8.4 1.47 

QUARTZ 60.084 41.5 22.69 -910.7 ·856.3 150.01 435 444 160 

Sl~ 0.1 0.00 1.0 1.0 0.18 317 419 341 
OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES 19 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF OXIDE AND HYDROXIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORtiJLA \lElGHT ENTROPY VOL liE ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• £.H• A.G· 

I J·•l",·l(, ~ kJ·•l., kJ·•r, s H/G c 

H4sto4 (UN-IONIZED) 96.115 180.0 -1460.0 -1307.8 229.12 179 422 

STD. STATE, • • 1 4.2 1.7 2.1 0.37 285 414 

CRISTOBALITE 60.084 43.4 25.74 -908.4 -854.6 149.71 435 67 286 

st~ 0.1 0.03 2.1 2.1 0.37 404 341 341 

TRIDYMITE 60.084 43.9 26.53 -907.5 -853.8 149.58 361 286 

st~ 0.4 0.20 2.4 2.4 0.43 404 

COESITE 60.084 38.5 20.64 -907.8 -852.5 149.35 6 6 361 

Si~ 1.0 0.01 2.1 2.1 0.37 189 423 

STISHOVITE 60.084 27.8 14.01 -861.3 -802.8 140.65 6 189 361 

Si~ 0.4 0.01 2.1 2.1 0.37 189 

SILICALITE 60.084 46.3 33.29 -905.2 -852.2 149.30 213 213 

Si~ 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.14 

SILICA GLASS 60.084 48.5 27.27 -901.6 -849.3 148.79 341 341 341 

st~ 1.0 0.10 2.1 2.1 0.37 435 444 

CASSITERITE 150.709 49.0 21.55 -577.6 -515.8 90.36 449 85 85 

~ 0.2 0.03 0.2 0.2 0.04 16 

STRONTIUM OXIDE 103.619 55.5 20.69 -591.3 -560.7 98.22 67 46 67 

SrO 0.4 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.18 77 262 

TELLURITE 159.599 70.4 27.75 -319.7 -264.8 46.39 m 419 319 

T~ 0.3 0.02 3.0 3.1 0.54 71 

THORIANITE 264.037 65.2 26.37 -1226.4 -1169.2 204.84 419 419 417 

T~ 0.2 0.01 3.5 3.5 0.61 389 

RUTILE 79.879 50.6 18.82 -944.0 -888.8 155.70 85 85 67 

Tt~ 0.6 0.01 0.8 1.0 0.14 67 294 85 

ANATASE 79.879 49.9 20.52 -938.7 -883.2 154.74 61 67 294 

Tt~ 0.3 0.03 2.1 2.1 0.37 419 

DITITANIUM TRIOXIDE 143.758 77.3 31.43 -1520.9 -1433.9 251.21 ~ 67 61 67 

TtA 1.0 0.02 8.4 8.4 1.47 294 

URANINITE 270.028 77.0 24.62 -1084.9 -1031.7 180.75 199 419 113 

~ 0.2 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.18 248 248 128 

ICARELIAN ITE 149.U1 98.1 29.85 -1218.8 -1139.0 199.55 67 67 76 

VA 1.3 0.03 6.3 6.3 1.11 
20 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF OXIDE AND HYDROXIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORJIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A.H· A,G• 

I J •110l"1 •K"1 cri5 kJ·•l"1 kJ·•l"1 s H/G c 

TUNGSTEN DIOXIDE 215.849 50.6 20.03 -589.7 -533.9 93.53 61 61 61 

~ 0.3 0.05 0.9 0.9 0.16 

TUNGSTEN TRIOXIDE 231.848 75.9 31.61 -842.9 -764.1 133.86 61 61 236 

~ 1.3 0.10 0 •. 8 0.9 0.16 

ZINCITE 81.389 43.2 14.34 -350.5 -320.4 56.12 352 85 352 

ZnO 0.1 0.01 0.3 0.3 0.05 319 

BADDELEYITE 123.223 50.4 21.15 -1100.6 -1042.9 182.70 319 196 82 

z~ 0.3 0.01 1.7 1.7 0.30 419 419 
MULTIPLE OXIDES 21 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of MULTIPLE OXIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• yo ..... A,G· 

g J·MOl-1·1(1 ~ kJ•MDl"1 kJ•MDl"1 s H/G c 

TIALITE 181.840 109.6 48.75 361 43 

AL 2Ti0s 0.8 0.05 

CHRYSOBERYL 126.973 66.3 34.32 ·2298.5 ·2176.2 381.3 116 164 164 

aeAL2o4 0.1 0.02 2.8 2.8 0.5 164 

CALCIUM FERRITE 215.770 145.4 44.98 -1520.3 -1412.4 247.4 419 419 42 

CaFe2o4 0.8 0.05 0.2 0.2 0.0 

DICALCIUM FERRITE 271.847 188.8 67.18 -2138.3 -1999.9 350.4 419 419 42 

ca2Fe2as 1.3 0.10 0.9 0.9 0.2 

PEROVSICITE 135.956 93.6 33.63 ·1660.6 ·1574.8 275.9 419 419 295 

Cali~ 0.4 0.01 1.7 1.8 0.3 

HERCYNITE 173.808 117.0 40.75 -1950.5 ·1838.1 322.0 373 188 450 

FeALz04 3.0 0.05 8.5 10.0 1.8 188 

CHROMITE 223.837 146.0 44.01 -1445.5 ·1344.5 235.5 361 373 292 

FeCrz04 1.7 0.10 5.0 6.0 1.1 

ILMENITE 151.725 108.9 31.69 -1232.0 -1155.5 202.4 11 11 11 

FeTi~ 0.3 0.08 2.5 2.5 0.4 295 

ULVOSPINEL 223.5n 180.40 46.82 -1493.8 -1399.9 245.3 216 216 43 

Fe2Tio4 2.5 0.05 2.0 2.1 0.4 312 

PSEU>OBROOICITE 239.571 156.5 54.53 43 

Fe2TiOs 1.3 0.05 

SPINEL 142.266 88.7 39.71 -2299.1 -2176.6 381.3 67 67 44 

M&AL2o4 4.0 0.03 2.0 2.3 0.4 37 64 386 

MAGNESIOCHROMITE 192.295 106.0 43.56 -1783.6 ·1669.1 292.4 373 373 292 

Macrze4 0.8 0.05 0.9 0.9 0.1 

MAGNESIOFERRITE 199.997 121.8 44.57 -1441.5 -1329.6 232.9 290 373 42 

MgFe2o4 2.0 0.05 3.0 3.1 0.5 249 

GEIICIELITE 120.183 74.6 30.86 -15n.8 -1484.4 260.1 352 425 352 

MgTi~ 0.2 0.07 1.2 1.2 0.2 295 

PYROPHANITE 150.816 104.9 32.77 -1360.1 ·1280.9 224.4 393 103 103 

MnTi~ 0.2 0.05 4.0 4.0 0.7 102 102 

TREVORITE 234.382 140.9 43.65 -1070.5 -965.1 169.1 450 271 271 

NtFez04 5.0 0.05 2.0 2.5 0.4 290 
22 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of MULTIPLE OKIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A,H· A.G· 

• J·•r'·K"' aiS kJ·•l"1 kJ·•l"1 s H/G c 

FRANKLINITE 241.082 150.7 44.94 -1188.1 -1082.1 189.6 439 290 21 

ZnFe2o4 0.3 0.05 4.0 4.0 0.7 

NET AEROLITE 239.264 149.7 45.57 -1337.0 -1227.8 215.1 71 290 

Zi1M¥4 0.5 0.05 4.0 4.0 0.7 

ZINC TITANIUM SPINEL 242.658 143.1 45.58 -1652.1 -1538.4 269.5 406 290 43 

~Tto4 3.0 0.02 2.0 2.0 0.4 
NAME AND FCMUIJLA 

BROMARGYRITE 

AgBr 

POTASSIUM BROMIDE 

Or 

CHLORARGYRITE 

Agel 

HYDROPHILITE 

cact2 

NANTOICITE 

CUCl 

LAWRENCITE 

Feet2 

MOLYSITE 

FeCl3 

HYDROGEN CHLORIDE 

HCl (IDEAL GAS) 

CALOMEL 

HgCl 

SYLVITE 

KCl 

CHLOROMAGNESITE 

MgCl2 

SCACCHITE 

MnCt2 

HALITE 

N8Cl 

NICKELOUS CHLORIDE 

NtCl2 

COTUNNITE 

PbCt2 

HALIDES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF HALIDE ~INERALS AT 298.15 K 

WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE 

ENERGY 

I 

187.m 

119.002 

143.321 

110.983 

98.999 

126.752 

162.205 

36.461 

236.043 

74.551 

95.210 

125.844 

53.491 

58.442 

129.595 

278.105 

107.1 

0.4 

95.9 

0.2 

96.2 

0.2 

104.6 

1.3 

86.2 

2.0 

118.0 

0.4 

142.3 

0.4 

28.99 

0.01 

43.28 

0.01 

25.73 

0.01 

50.75 

0.01 

23.92 

0.04 

39.46 

0.21 

57.86 

0.10 

186.9 24789.70 

o.o 0.20 

95.8 

0.4 

82.6 

0.2 

89.6 

0.8 

118.2 

0.2 

94.6 

0.4 

72.1 

0.2 

98.2 

0.2 

136.0 

2.1 

32.94 

0.08 

37.52 

0.00 

40.81 

0.10 

42.11 

0.17 

35.06 

0.05 

27.02 

0.00 

36.70 

0.07 

47.09 

0.05 

A,H• A,G• 

kJ·•r• kJ·•t·• 

-100.4 

0.2 

-393.8 

0.2 

-127.1 

0.1 

-795.8 

0.7 

-137.2 

10.0 

-341.7 

0.4 

-399.5 

0.4 

-92.3 

0.1 

-132.7 

0.2 

-436.5 

0.2 

-641.3 

0.7 

-481.3 

0.8 

-314.4 

0.3 

-411.3 

0.1 

-304.9 

2.0 

-359.4 

0.3 

-97.0 

0.2 

-380.4 

0.2 

-109.8 

0.1 

-747.7 

0.8 

-119.9 

10.0 

-302.2 

0.4 

-334.0 

0.4 

.-95.3 

0.1 

-105.2 

0.2 

-408.6 

0.2 

-591.8 

0.7 

-440.5 

0.8 

-202.9 

0.3 

-384.2 

0.1 

-258.8 

2.0 

-314.1 

0.7 

LOG(K) REFERENCES 

S H/G C 

16.99 419 419 361 

0.03 320 318 

66.65 419 419 67 

0.03 320 

19.24 85 85 361 

0.02 320 318 

130.99 67 67 320 

0.14 284 

21.01 419 419 

1.75 

52.95 67 67 284 

0.07 250 67 

58.51 67 250 284 

0.07 419 

16.70 85 85 67 

0.02 67 67 85 

18.43 85 85 

0.04 

71.58 117 117 117 

0.04 85 85 67 

103.68 67 320 284 

0.13 85 

77.17 73 250 284 

0.14 419 

35.55 419 419 67 

0.05 67 

67.30 419 419 67 

0.02 320 

45.33 67 67 80 

0.35 419 

55.03 67 67 67 

0.12 419 320 

23 
24 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF HALIDE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORJIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A.Ho A.Go 

g J ·110l"1 ·1(1 c.f5 kJ•110l"1 kJ•110l"1 s H/G c 

FLUORITE 78.075 68.9 24.54 -1228.0 -1175.3 205.90 117 117 293 

caF2 0.3 0.01 2.0 2.0 0.35 67 117 

HYDROGEN FLUORIDE 20.006 173.8 24789.70 -273.3 -275.4 48.25 85 85 67 

HF (IDEAL GAS) 0.0 0.20 0.7 0.7 0.12 67 

SELLAITE 62.302 57.2 19.61 -1124.2 -1071.1 187.64 117 117 117 

M&F2 0.5 0.01 1.2 1.2 0.21 

VILLIAliUTE 41.988 51.5 14.98 -573.6 -543.4 95.20 419 419 300 

Naf 0.1 0.01 0.7 0.7 0.12 67 

CRYOLITE 209.941 238.5 70.81 -3316.8 -3152.1 552.22 10 10 10 

N~ALF6 0.5 0.20 6.0 6.0 1.05 301 300 

CHIOLITE 461.871 515.3 154.08 -7546.3 -7174.7 1256.95 400 400 400 

N&sAL3F14 0.8 0.10 20.0 20.0 3.50 

IODARGYRITE 234.773 115.5 41.30 -61.8 -66.2 11.60 419 419 320 

Agl 1.7 0.04 1. 7 1.8 0.31 

MARSHITE 190.450 96.6 33.35 -67.8 -69.4 12.16 320 320 108 

CUI 0.02 5.0 5.0 0.88 

COCCINITE 454.399 180.0 71.84 -105.4 -101.7 17.82 419 419 67 

Haa 2 6.3 0.10 1.7 2.6 0.45 67 67 
CARBONATES AND NITRATES 25 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CARBONATE AND NITRATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORJIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• .&.H• A.G· 

I J•110l"1·1(1 cri5 kJ•110l"1 kJ•110l"1 s H/G c 

WITHERITE 197.336 112.1 45.81 -1210.9 -1132.2 198.35 54 1 262 

~ 2.1 0.06 2.2 2.2 0.39 

ARAGONITE 100.087 88.0 34.15 -1207.4 -1127.4 197.51 392 336 

c~ 0.2 0.05 1.4 1.5 0.26 

CALCITE 100.087 91.7 36.93 -1207.4 -1128.5 197.70 392 246 202 

~ 0.2 0.01 1.3 1.4 0.24 336 

VATERITE 100.087 37.63 -1125.5 197.19 336 

c~ 0.40 1.5 0.26 412 

MONOHYDROCALCITE 118.102 131.1 48.70 -1498.3 -1361.6 238.54 197 197 

C~·HzO 3.0 0.40 1.2 1.1 0.20 

IKAITE 208.179 370.0 -2954.1 -2540.9 445.15 273 273 273 

C~·6Hz0 5.0 5.0 5.0 0.88 

DOLOMITE 184.401 155.2 64.34 -2324.5 -2161.3 378.64 396 175 257 

C&Mg(~)2 0.3 0.03 1.5 1.7 0.29 

HUNTITE 353.030 299.5 122.58 -4529.6 -4203.1 736.34 168 169 

caM~] ( CO;s> 4 0.9 0.10 1.6 1.6 0.29 253 

OTAVITE 172.419 92.5 34.30 -750.6 -669.4 117.28 63 419 

~ 5.5 0.02 2.5 2.6 0.46 63 

MALACHITE 221.116 166.3 54.86 -1054.0 -890.2 155.96 241 339 

CUz( C0;s )(OH )2 2.5 0.08 2.1 2.2 0.39 

AZURITE 344.671 254.4 91.01 -1632.2 -1391.4 243.75 241 419 

~COH>2CCO:s>2 3.8 0.13 2.0 2.2 0.39 

SIDERITE 115.856 95.5 29.38 -755.9 -682.8 119.63 351 351 351 

F~ 0.2 0.01 5.5 5.5 0.96 

MAGNESITE 84.314 65.1 28.02 -1113.3 -1029.5 180.36 178 347 359 

MICO] 0.1 0.01 1.3 1.4 0.24 

NESQUEHONITE 138.360 195.6 75.47 -1977.3 -1723.8 301.99 353 354 

MIC0]•3Hz0 0.6 0.05 0.3 0.5 0.09 

HYDROMAGNESITE 467.638 503.7 211.10 -6514.9 -5864.2 1027.37 353 354 

4MICO]•Mg(OH)2·4Hz0 1.6 0.10 1.1 1.1 0.19 

ARTINITE 196.680 232.9 96.43 -2920.6 -2568.4 449._95 168 169 

Ngz(OH) ~·3Hz0 0.7 0.10 0.7 0.8 0.13 
26 rnERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CARBONATE AND NITRATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NNE AND FORtiJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• ..... A,G· 

I J·•l"'·IC'' c.iS kJ·•r' kJ·•l"1 s H/G c 

RHOOOCHROSITE 114.947 98.0 31.07 -892.9 -819.1 143.50 351 351 283 

llnCO;s o. 1 0.01 0.5 0.6 0.10 

NAHCOLITE 84.007 102.1 38.08 -949.0 -851.2 149.12 36 36 

NaHCO;s 1.7 0.25 0.2 0.6 0.10 

THERMONATRITE 124.004 168.1 54.99 -1429.7 -1286.1 225.32 424 36 129 

Na2CO;s·HtJ 0.8 0.27 0.4 0.5 0.09 36 

TRONA 226.026 107.00 -2682.1 416 

Na2CO;s·NaHCO;s•2H2o 0.50 0.4 

WEGSCHEIDERITE 358.010 153.30 -3984.0 416 

Na2CO;s·3NaHCO;s 0.80 0.8 

SOD I lit CARBONATE 105.989 135.0 41.60 -1129.2 -1045.3 183.13 424 36 

Na2CO:s 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.06 36 

DAWSONITE 143.995 132.0 59.30 -1964.0 -1786.0 312.89 110 110 110 

NaAlC0;s(OH)2 0.5 0.30 2.9 3.0 0.52 

GASPEITE 118.699 85.4 27.05 255 

NfCO;s 2.0 0.02 

CERUSSITE 267.209 131.0 40.59 -699.2 -625.5 109.58 217 419 

PbCO;s 3.4 0.06 1.2 1.6 0.27 4 

STRONTIANITE 147.629 97.1 39.01 -1218.7 -1137.6 199.29 55 55 262 

SrCO;s 1.7 0.06 1.5 1.5 0.26 

SIU THSON ITE 125.399 81.2 28.28 -817.0 -735.3 128.82 352 153 153 

ZnCO;s 0.2 0.01 3.1 3.1 0.54 

NITROBARITE 261.337 213.8 80.58 -992.1 -796.6 139.55 419 419 361 

18(~)2 0.9 2.10 2.5 0.4 0.08 

CALCillt NITRATE 164.088 193.3 66.09 -938.4 -742.6 130.10 419 419 361 

C.(~)2 0.4 0.03 1.5 1.8 0.31 

NITER 101.103 133.1 48.04 -494.5 -394.6 69.13 419 419 361 

~ 0.7 0.06 0.4 0.5 0.08 

MAGNESillt NITRATE 148.315 164.0 62.93 -190.6 -589.2 103.22 419 419 361 

Mg(~)2 1.6 0.03 1.3 1.4 0.25 

NIDI lA-NlTER 80.043 151.1 46.49 -365.6 -183.8 32.20 419 419 361 

IIH4~ 0.2 0.10 0.8 0.9 o. 15 
CARBONATES AND NITRATES 27 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of CARBONATE AND NITRATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

IWE ANO FORtlllA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOl liE ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• ..... Ali • 

I J·•r'·IC' criS kJ·•l"' kJ·•l"' s H/G c 

SODA-NITER 84.995 116.5 37.60 -468.0 -367.1 64.32 419 419 361 

NaNO:J 0.7 0.02 0.4 0.4 0.07 

STRONTIUM NITRATE 211.630 194.6 70.93 -978.2 -779.0 136.47 419 419 361 

SrCNO:J>2 0.5 0.04 1.0 1.3 0.23 
28 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SULFATE AND BORATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAMEANDFORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A.Ho 'lao 

g J·•r'·r-' cri5 kJ ·•l"' kJ·•r' s H/G c 

ALUMINUM SULFATE 342.154 239.3 73.41 -3441.8 -3100.6 543.20 88 88 88 

Al2(S04)3 1.2 0.20 1.8 1.9 0.33 

BARITE 233.391 132.2 52.10 -1473.6 -1362.5 238.70 88 88 88 

aaso4 0.8 0.06 1.0 1.3 0.23 419 

ANHYDRITE 136.142 107.4 46.01 -1434.4 -1321.8 231.57 368 88 368 

caso4 0.2 0.01 4.2 4.3 0.75 419 

GYPSUM 172.172 193.8 74.69 -2023.0 -1797.0 314.82 368 88 

caso4·2H2o 0.3 0.22 4.3 4.4 0.77 88 

CHALCOCYAN ITE 159.610 109.5 40.88 -771.4 -662.3 116.03 106 4 106 

CuS04 0.6 0.03 1.3 1.4 0.25 87 419 

CHALCANTHITE 249.686 301.2 108.97 -2279.7 -1880.0 329.36 87 87 

cusa4·5H2

o 0.6 0.22 3.4 3.6 0.63 419 

BROCHANTITE 452.292 113.60 -1818.0 318.49 26 

cu4<so4)(0H)6 0.20 2.5 0.44 419 

FERRIC SULFATE 399.885 282.8 130.80 -2581.9 -2254.4 394.96 328 19 328 

Fe2(S04)3 0.9 0.20 2.9 3.0 0.52 

SZOMOLNOICITE 169.926 55.90 -1244.3 87 2 

Feso4·H2o 0.40 0.5 87 

MELANTER I TE 278.018 409.2 146.50 -3014.3 -2509.5 439.64 87 2 

Feso4 ·7H~ 1.3 0.30 0.6 1.3 0.23 87 

SULFURIC ACID (LIQUID) 98.080 156.9 53.57 -814.0 -690.0 120.88 419 419 

H2S04 0.2 0.07 0.4 0.5 0.08 124 

ARCANITE 174.260 175.6 65.50 -1437.7 -1319.6 231.18 67 67 387 

K2S04 0.4 0.07 0.5 0.5 0.09 67 

K-Al SULFATE 258.207 204.6 92.33 -2470.9 -2240.4 392.50 419 419 217 

KAl(S04)2 1.3 0.08 1.3 1.4 0.24 

ALUNITE 414.214 321.0 293.60 -5176.5 -4663.5 817.00 452 452 219 

KAl3(0H)6(S04)2 5.0 0.40 2.4 2.4 0.42 219 

LANGBEINITE 414.997 389.3 146.95 -4071.0 -3733.4 654.05 368 419 368 

K~g2(S04)3 1.0 0.04 3.0 3.0 0.52 40 

MAGNESIUM SULFATE 120.369 91.4 -1284.9 -1170.5 205.07 67 247 67 

MgS04 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.14 88 
SULFA1ES AND BORA1ES 29 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SULFATE AND BORATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• 4,H• A,G· 

I J·•l"'·K"' cri5 kJ·•l"' kJ·•l"' s H/G c 

EPSCIUTE 246.476 372.0 146.80 -3388.7 -2871.2 503.01 419 419 • MgS04·7H~ 4.0 0.20 0.1 0.9 0.15 • 

MANGANESE SULFATE 151.002 127.0 43.62 -1065.7 -962.1 168.56 450 87 87 

Mn$04 1.5 0.04 1.1 1.5 0.26 377 

MASCAGNITE 132.141 220.5 74.68 -1182.7 -903.5 158.29 419 • 387 

(NH4)2S04 1.3 0.09 1.3 1.6 0.28 • 419 219 

THENARDITE 142.043 149.6 53.33 -1387.8 -1269.8 222.46 • • 81 

Na2S04 0.1 0.06 0.4 0.4 0.07 419 419 

MIRABILITE 322.196 591.9 219.80 -4327.3 -3645.8 638.71 47 47 

Na2so4·10H2o 0.6 0.40 4.0 3.4 0.59 81 

NICKELOUS SULFATE 154.754 101.3 38.57 -873.2 -762.7 133.61 401 401 401 

tuso4 0.3 0.03 1.0 1.0 4 

RETGERSITE (ALPHA, GREEN) 262.845 334.5 126.60 -2683.4 -2225.1 389.82 87 87 

NiS04•6H?.'» 0.4 0.20 0.5 0.5 0.09 419 

MORENOSITE 280.861 378.9 143.80 -2976.5 -2461.9 431.30 87 87 

NiS0 ·7H~ 0.4 0.50 0.5 0.5 0.09 419 

ANGLESITE 303.264 148.5 47.95 -920.0 -813.1 142.44 85 85 • 

PbS04 0.6 0.06 0.4 0.5 0.09 

CELESTITE 183.684 117.0 46.25 -1453.2 -1339.6 234.69 419 419 

srso4 4.2 0.06 4.2 4.4 0.77 129 

ZINKOSITE 161.454 110.5 41.57 -980.1 -868.7 152.20 87 87 87 

ZnS04 1.3 0.07 0.8 0.9 0.16 4 192 

BIANCHITE 269.545 363.6 130.20 -2m.8 -2324.6 407.26 87 87 

ZnS04·6H~ 1.3 0.50 1.0 1.0 0.18 419 

GOSLARITE 287.561 388.7 145.80 -3077.5 -2562.3 448.89 87 87 

ZnS0,·7H~ 1.3 0.10 0.1 0.1 0.02 419 

BORAX 381.372 586.0 222.70 -6288.6 -5516.2 966.39 419 419 

Naz& 0.,·10H~ 2.3 0.20 8.5 8.5 1.49 
30 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of PHOSPHATE, MOLYBDATE AND TUNGSTATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME All) FCitiiiLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOl liE ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• ..... A,G· 

I J•110l"1 •1C'1 ail kJ •110l"1 kJ•110l"1 s H/G c 

BERLINITE 121.953 90.8 46.58 -1m.8 -1617.9 283.44 419 419 181 

AlP04 0.2 0.10 5.0 5.0 0.88 181 

WHITLOCICITE 310.177 236.0 97.62 -4120.8 -3883.6 680.38 419 419 361 

~(P04)2 0.8 0.09 5.0 5.0 0.88 

FLUORAPATITE 504.302 387.9 157.56 -6872.0 -6489.7 1136.95 419 419 99 

C.SCP04)3f 1.7 0.12 5.0 5.0 0.88 

HYDROXYAPATITE 502.311 390.4 159.60 -6738.5 -6337.1 1110.22 419 419 99 

C.SCP04)3'* 1.7 0.20 5.0 5.0 0.88 

STRENGITE 186.849 171.3 64.50 -1888.2 -1657.5 290.37 100 419 100 

FeP04·2HzO 1.3 0.30 0.9 1.0 0.18 

POWELLITE 200.016 122.6 47.00 -1541.4 -1434.7 251.34 431 419 

caMo04 0.8 0.09 0.9 0.9 0.15 12 

WLFENITE 367.138 166.1 53.86 -1051.9 -951.2 166.65 320 419 

PbMo04 2.1 0.10 0.9 1.2 0.20 89 

SCHEELITE 287.926 126.4 47.05 -1645.2 -1538.0 269.51 232 419 

cawo4 0.8 0.09 0.9 0.9 0.16 17 

FERBERITE 303.695 131.8 40.38 -1154.8 -1054.0 184.64 430 419 

FeW04 1.7 0.05 8.5 a.5 1.49 265 7 

HUEBNERITE 302.786 132.5 41.89 -1337.6 -1235.4 216.44 304 7 

MnW04 0.2 0.06 7.0 7.1 1.24 

STOLZITE 455.048 168.2 54.10 -1127.2 -1026.0 179.74 428 89 

PbW04 2.1 0.06 2.0 2.0 0.35 

SANMRTINITE 313.238 119.3 39.79 -1232.6 -1123.7 196.86 260 266 260 

ZnW04 0.3 0.04 1.3 1.4 0.25 266 
ORTHO AND RING STRUCfURE SILICATES 31 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ORTHO AND RING STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NNE AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A,H· A,G• 

I J •110l"1 •1(1 a} kJ •110l-1 kJ •110l"1 s H/G c 

TOPAZ 184.043 105.4 51.53 -3084.5 -2910.6 509.9 24 23 24 

AL 2sto4F2 0.2 0.03 4.7 4.7 0.8 24 

KYANITE 162.046 82.8 44.15 -2593.8 -2443.1 428.0 355 177 177 

AL 2Si0s 0.5 0.05 2.0 2.0 0.4 177 407 322 

ANOALUSITE 162.046 91.4 51.52 -2589.9 -2441.8 427.8 355 177 177 

AL 2Si0s 0.5 0.05 2.0 2.0 0.4 177 407 322 

SILLIMANITE 162.046 95.4 49.86 -2586.1 -2439.1 427.3 355 177 177 

AL 2Si0s 0.5 0.05 2.0 2.0 0.4 177 407 322 

NUL LITE 426.052 275.0 134.55 -6819.2 -6441.8 1128.6 67 67 67 

At st~13 5.0 0.07 10.0 10.0 1.8 329 86 329 

DUMORTIERITE 565.938 334.9 168.4 -9109.0 -8568.2 1501.1 163 163 163 

Al6.75[l0.25Sf3B017.25(0H).75 5.0 0.4 20.0 20.0 3.5 

EUCLASE 145.084 89.1 46.86 -2532.9 -2370.2 415.2 164 164 164 

BeALSi04(0H) 0.4 0.06 3.0 3.0 0.5 238 

PHENAKITE 110.107 63.4 37.18 -2143.1 -2028.4 355.4 164 164 164 

Be2sto4 0.3 0.02 4.0 4.0 0.7 379 

BERYL 537.502 346.7 203.3 -9006.6 -8500.5 1489.2 164 164 164 

~AL (si 18 ) 4.7 0.1 7.0 6.4 1.1 238 

BERTRANDITE 238.230 172.1 91.8 -4580.5 -4295.1 752.5 164 164 164 

ae si~(OH)2 0.8 o. 1 5.5 5.5 1.0 238 

EPIDOTE 483.223 328.9 138.1 147 239 

Ca~L Fest 12 (0H) 2.5 0.6 243 

LAYSOIIITE 314.238 230.0 101.32 -4869.0 -4512.9 790.6 335 68 335 

CaAl2[Si ~(0H)2lH~ 2.1 o. 12 2.1 2.1 0.4 68 

GEHLENITE 274.200 210.1 90.15 -3985.0 -3785.5 663.2 172 66 323 

Ca~L si~ 0.6 0.02 5.0 5.0 0.9 420 

ZOISITE 454.357 295.9 136.5 -6901.1 -6504.5 1139.5 335 239 335 

Ca~L st 12 (0H) 0.6 0.4 3.3 3.3 0.6 

GROSSULAR 450.446 260.1 125.28 -6640.0 -6278.5 1099.9 157 68 258 

~AL st 12 0.5 0.05 3.2 3.2 0.6 251 237 438 

GLASS 450.446 329.2+ 158.8 345 

C~AL st~12 0.3 
32 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

NAME AND FORI«JLA 

DATOLITE 

caacsto4>COH> 

ILVAITE 

CeFe2FeCSizD7)0(0H) 

ANDRADITE 

C~Fe st 12 

MONTJCELLITE 

CaMgSio4 

AKERMANITE 

Ca~gSizDr 

MERWINITE 

C~Mg(Si0 2 

TITANITE (SPHENE) 

CaTiSiOs 

CALCIO·OLIVINE 

y·Ca2sto4 

HATURITE (ALITE) 

C~Si0s 

RANKINITE 

C~SizDr 

ROSENHAHNITE 

C~Si (0H) 2 

SPURRITE 

cascsi04)2~ 

TILLEYITE 

C&sSizD7C~)2 

COBALT-OLIVINE 

co2sto4 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of ORTNO AND RING STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE 

ENERGY 

159.979 

408.793 

508.177 

156.466 

2n.628 

328.705 

196.041 

1n.239 

1n.a9 

228.317 

288.401 

366.500 

444.565 

488.575 

209.950 

203.777 

,.... .&.a· 

kJ·.,l"1 kJ•.,l"1 

110.2 53.32 -2477.8 -2318.1 

0.6 0.05 2.3 2.3 

292.3 101.07 -3692.8 -3437.0 

0.6 0.10 5.0 5.0 

316.4 132.04 -5771.0 -5427.0 

2.0 0.05 5.9 5.9 

108.1 

0.3 

212.5 

0.4 

253.1 

2.1 

129.2 

0.8 

127.6 

0.8 

120.5 

0.8 

168.6 

0.3 

210.6 

2.9 

51.3 -2251.0 -2132.8 

0.1 3.0 3.1 

92.54 -3864.8 -3667.5 

0.02 2.0 2.0 

98.5 -4536.2 -4307.7 

0.1 3.0 3.0 

55.74 -2596.6 -2454.6 

0.07 3.0 3.2 

51.60 -2306.7 -2191.2 

0.30 1.5 1.5 

58.01 -2316.5 -2198.9 

0.04 2.5 2.5 

n.74 -2933.1 -2786.5 

0.05 2.5 2.5 

96.51 -3949.0 -3748.1 

0.05 10.0 10.0 

281.8 126.46 -5198.1 -4882.1 

3.0 0.05 3.0 3.0 

331.0 146.97 -5840.2 -5525.6 

2.0 0.30 5.7 5.9 

394.0 170.5 -63n.2 -6013.5 

4.0 0.3 5.7 6.0 

142.6 44.49 -1412.0 -1308.7 

0.2 0.01 2.0 2.0 

151.0 46.31 -1478.2 -1379.1 

0.2 0.01 1.3 1.3 

LOG(K) REFERENCES 

S H/G C 

406.1 448 383 274 

0.4 5 

602.1 349 349 349 

0.9 

950.8 348 281 348 

1.0 242 244 

373.6 385 49 385 

0.5 385 

642.5 165 165 165 

0.4 427 49 323 

754.7 427 49 323 

0.5 

430.0 406 37 361 

0.6 188 

383.9 225 149 84 

0.3 149 

385.2 149 149 149 

0.4 405 84 

488.2 149 410 149 

0.4 405 

656.6 149 410 149 

1.8 

855.3 68 68 68 

0.5 

968.0 450 188 450 

1.0 188 410 

1053.5 450 188 450 

1.1 410 

229.3 364 215 363 

0.3 308 

241.6 350 350 350 

0.2 309 314 
ORTHO AND RING STRUCI'URE SILICA'IES 33 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ORTHO AND RING STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FOIUIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOL liE ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• yo AtH• A,G• 

Sl J•.:»l"'·IC' criS kJ·mor' kJ·.:»l"' s H/G c 

ALMANDINE 497.753 342.6 115.32 ·5264.7 ·4942.0 865.8 9 69 447 

F~Al st 12 1.4 0.04 3.0 3.3 0.6 277 445 151 

STAUROLITE 1703.727 985.0 445.9 172 172 

Fe4At18stao46cOH>2 4.0 1.7 

OSt.IULITE 1001.468 379.2 180 

KMgzAl3[st1oAlz03ol·HzO 0.3 

CORDIERITE 584.953 407.2 233.22 ·9161.5 ·8651.1 1515.6 427 297 323 

MSizAl3(AlSi5o18> 3.8 0.22 5.9 5.9 1.0 

SAPPHIRINE 344.616 197.5 98.9 186 

MgzAl4o6csto4) 2.0 0.7 

FORSTERITE 140.693 94.1 43.65 ·2173.0 ·2053.6 359.8 364 364 364 

MSI2sto4 0.1 0.03 2.0 2.0 0.4 240 119 

PYROPE 403.127 266.3 113.12 ·6285.0 ·5934.5 1039.7 157 188 453 

MSI]Al2st3o12 0.8 0.15 4.0 4.0 0.7 298 

GLASS 403.127 346.3 146.1 ·6163.0 ·5836.3 1022.5 402 402 402 

MSI]Al2st3o12 12.0 0.2 15.0 15.0 2.6 

PYROPE-GROSSULAR as. 422.055 268.3+ 118.35 157 298 

CMS11.ata1.2)Al2Si3°12 0.5 0.05 

GLASS 426.787 311.8+ 152.5 345 

CMSI1•5ca1•5>At2st3o12 0.6 0.2 

TEPHROITE 201.959 155.9 48.99 ·1731.5 ·1631.0 285.7 364 364 364 

MnzSio4 0.5 0.03 3.0 3.0 0.5 

Ll EBENBERGJTE 209.463 128.1 42.57 ·1396.5 ·1288.9 225.8 363 363 363 

Nt2sto4 0.2 0.02 3.0 3.0 0.5 308 

Ni 2sto4-SPINEL 209.463 124.1 39.81 ·1389.7 -1280.9 224.4 363 363 423 

Nt2sto4 0.4 0.01 3.5 3.5 0.6 

WILLEMITE 222.863 131.4 52.42 ·1636.7 ·1523.1 266.8 405 223 

znzsto4 0.8 0.08 5.0 5.0 0.9 

ZIRCON 183.307 84.0 39.26 ·2034.2 ·1919.7 336.3 361 101 361 

ZrSto4 1.3 0.07 3.1 3.1 0.5 379 
34 TIIERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CHAIN AND BAND STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORIIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A.H• A.G· 

Sl J •110l"1 •1("1 ~ kJ•110l"1 kJ·110r' s H/G c 

WLLASTONITE 116.162 81.7 39.90 -1634.8 -1549.0 271.4 259 348 389 

C8SiO:J 0.1 0.03 1.4 1.4 0.2 257 149 344 

PSBJ)QWOLLASTONITE 116.162 87.2 40.08 -1627.6 ·1543.5 270.4 149 344 344 

CaSiO:J 0.9 0.14 1.4 1.4 0.2 344 149 149 

GLASS 116.162 94.8 40.13 ·1608.7 -1526.8 267.5 344 344 344 

CaSiO:J 3.0 0.15 3.0 3.0 0.5 

Ca·Al PYROXENE 218.123 141.0 63.57 -3306.3 -3129.6 548.3 154 68 154 

CaAt2sto6 2.0 0.01 2.5 2.6 0.5 65 403 

GLASS 218.123 155.3+ 78.13 154 

CaAt2sto6 0.3 0.08 

FERROBUSTAMITE 248.092 180.5 73.00 156 156 

C8FeSiz06 0.3 0.02 

HEDENBERGITE 248.092 174.2 67.95 ·2839.9 -2676.3 468.9 156 281 156 

CeFeSiz06 0.3 0.01 3.0 3.0 0.5 156 29 

GLASS 248.092 185.7+ 156 

C8FeSiz06 0.4 

DIOPSIDE 216.550 142.7 66.09 -3201.5 -3026.8 530.3 259 165 257 

CaMgSiz06 0.3 0.10 2.0 2.0 0.4 

GLASS 216.550 166.0 76.09 -3156.1 -2988.4 523.5 343 340 343 

CaMgSiz06 3.0 0.20 5.0 5.1 0.9 340 

FERROSILITE 131.931 94.6 33.00 -1195.2 -1118.0 195.9 41 41 188 

FeSfO:J 0.3 0.02 3.0 3.0 0.5 291 423 

cr-SPODUMENE 186.090 129.3 58.37 -3053.5 -2880.2 504.6 327 171 327 

LfAlSiz06 0.8 0.02 2.8 3.0 0.5 20 28 

B·SPODUMENE 186.090 154.4 78.25 -3025.3 -2859.5 501.0 327 171 327 

LfAlSiz06 1.2 0.04 2.8 3.0 0.5 20 

ENSTATITE 100.389 66.3 31.31 -1545.6 -1458.3 255.5 259 37 257 

MgSfO:J 0.1 0.02 1.5 1.6 0.3 408 188 

GLASS 100.389 74.1 36.60 -1542.5 ·1457.5 255.3 345 345 

MgSfO:J 0.2 0.25 2.0 2.0 0.4 

CLINOENSTATITE 100.389 67.9 31.28 -1545.0 -1458.1 255.5 361 296 361 

MgSfO:J 0.4 0.02 1.5 1.6 0.3 311 
CHAIN AND BAND STRUCfURE SILICATES 35 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CHAIN AND BAND STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• yo A.Ho 6,G0 

g J·mol.,·K", ~ kJ·mor1 kJ·mol"1 s H/G c 

MgSiO]-PEROVSKITE 100.389 63.6 24.50 -1445.1 -1357.0 237.7 105 105 

MgSiO] 3.0 0.05 5.0 5.0 0.9 

MgSiO]-ILMENITE 100.389 60.4 26.36 -1486.6 -1397.5 244.8 105 13 13 

MgSiO] 3.0 0.02 5.0 5.0 0.9 288 

HYPERSTHENE 105.120 69.0 31.53 367 

<Ma.85Fe. 15>Si0] 0.2 0.05 

RHODONITE 131.022 100.5 34.94 -1321.6 -1244.7 218.0 367 367 390 

MnSiO] 1.0 0.05 2.0 2.2 0.4 289 224 

PYROXMANGITE 131.022 99.4 34.n -1322.3 -1245.0 218.1 367 367 

MnSiO] 2.0 0.02 2.0 2.4 0.4 32 

JADEITE 202.139 133.5 60.40 -3029.3 -2850.6 499.4 220 166 220 

NaAlSi2o6 1.3 0.10 3.6 4.0 0.7 184 

GLASS 202.139 170.5 345 

NaAlSi2o6 0.4 

ACMITE 231.004 170.6 64.60 -2584.5 -2417.2 423.5 248 31 31 

NaFesi2o6 0.8 0.11 4.0 4.2 0.7 33 188 

TREMOLITE 812.366 548.9 2n.90 -12303.0 -11574.6 2027.8 370 205 257 

ca2Mg5Si8o22<0H>2 1.3 0.73 7.0 7.0 1.2 426 

GRUNERITE 1001.614 n5.o 278.7 -9623.0 -8964.8 1570.6 264 264 252 

Fersi8~2<oH>2 7.0 0.5 10.0 10.2 1.8 252 8 34 

ANTHOPHYLLITE 780.820 534.5 265.4 -12070.0 -11343.4 1987.3 162 162 162 

Mgpi (0H) 2 3.5 0.4 8.0 8.5 1.5 70 

RIEBECKITE 935.900 691.0 274.7 450 

Na F~Fe si (0H) 2 6.0 0.9 

GLAUCOPHANE 783.543 541.2 262.1 -11964.0 -11230.8 1967.6 362 188 185 

Na~&]AL si (0H) 2 3.0 0.2 9.0 10.0 1.8 118 

PARGASITE 835.825 582.0 2n.o -12719.8 -11981.5 2099.1 433 188 

NaCa~g AL(AL si >o22 <0H) 2 4.0 0.2 22.0 19.0 3.3 186 433 

FLUOR-PARGASITE 839.807 583.0 270.6 -12800.5 -12102.2 2120.2 450 434 

NaCaZMa4AL(AL 2si6>o22F2 5.0 0.2 14.0 14.0 2.5 434 
36 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF FRAMEWORK STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• yo A.Ho A/Jo 

SJ J•110l",·K"1 cri3 kJ•110l"1 kJ•110l"1 s H/G c 

EDINGTONITE (ordered) 489.586 434.8 180.40 27 

BaAL2si3o10·3HzO 1.5 0.60 

ANORTHITE 278.207 199.3 100.79 -4234.0 -4007.9 702.2 366 150 446 

CaAL2SizOa 0.3 0.05 2.0 2.0 0.4 56 68 258 

HEXAGONAL ANORTHITE 278.207 214.8 99.85 231 171 

CaAL2SizOa 1.3 0.79 

CaAL2si2o8-stass 278.207 237.3 103.0 -4163.2 -3948.4 691.7 366 450 258 

caAt2si2o8 2.5 0.2 4.0 4.0 0.7 

STILBITE 714.893 805.9 333.4 -11038.0 -10146.0 1m.s 195 195 

ca1.o2N•o.14K.o1<AL2.18si6.82°18>·7.33Hz0 1.6 1.0 6.6 6.6 1.2 74 

HEULANOITE 707.942 767.2 317.6 -10594.6 -9779.0 1713.2 208 208 208 

cao.s~ro.1818o.06N•o.38Ko.13AL2.16sf6.84°18·6Hz0 1.0 10.2 10.2 1.8 74 

WAIRAKITE 434.406 440.0 190.4 159 

CaAL2si4o12·2H2o 10.0 0.5 

LAUMONTITE 470.437 211.3 -6m.o 1186.4 195 

CaAL2si4o12·4HzO 1.0 7.0 1.2 

SCOLECITE 392.337 367.4 172.3 -6049.0 -5597.6 980.7 207 207 

CaAL2si3o10·3HzO 0.7 0.5 5.0 5.0 0.9 

LEONHARD I TE 922.859 922.2 409.3 231 

CazAL4si8o24·7HzO 10.9 2.0 

BICCHULITE 292.216 213.1 103.68 -4341.2 -4073.0 713.6 68 68 68 

CazAL2sio6coH>2 5.0 o. 10 5.0 5.0 0.9 144 

MEIONITE (Al/Si ordered) 934.709 715.2 340.36 -13881.4 -13131.8 2300.6 282 282 450 

ca4At6si6az4eo;, 1 .o 0.08 6.2 6.2 1.1 

DANBURITE 245.866 155.3 82.20 -3902.8 -3677.0 644.2 448 383 5 

caa2siza8 0.4 0.40 2.9 2.9 0.5 274 

CLINOPTILOLITE 2701.506 2872.3+ 1267.6 173 

<N•o.s6Ko.98C 1.soMs1.23)(Al6.7Feo.3>si~·22H2o 7.0 214 

POL LUCilE 245.488 207.2 83.0 30 

ccs. 65 Na. ~b. 03 >AL si 12 ·Hz0 0.4 2.0 

MICROCLINE 278.332 214.2 108.72 -3974.6 -3749.3 656.8 313 166 167 

KALSi30a 0.4 0.10 3.9 3.9 0.6 
FRAMEWORK STRUCfURE SILICA1ES 37 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF FRAMEWORK STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A,H• A,G· 

g J•IIOl-1•1(1 crfS kJ•IIOl-1 kJ·•r' s H/G c 

SANIDINE 278.332 232.8 109.05 -3965.6 -3745.8 656.2 313 166 167 

KAlst30a 0.5 0.10 4.1 4.1 0.7 155 194 

GLASS 278.332 261.6 116.50 -3920.8 -3709.6 649.9 366 166 258 

KAlst30a 1.8 1.00 4.2 4.2 0.6 421 

KALIOPHILLITE (ICALSILITE) 158.163 133.3 59.89 -2124.7 -2008.8 351.9 220 188 317 

KAlsto4 1.2 0.05 3.1 3.1 0.5 

LEUCITE 218.247 200.2 88.27 -3037.8 -2875.1 503.7 220 188 317 

KAlSt~6 1. 7 0.05 2.7 2.7 0.5 263 

EUCRYPTITE 126.006 103.8 53.63 -2123.3 -2009.2 352.0 327 171 327 

LtAlsto4 0.8 0.08 2.0 2.0 0.4 20 

PETALITE 306.259 233.2 128.40 -4886.5 -4610.7 807.8 180 180 180 

LtAlst4o10 0.6 0.50 6.3 6.3 1.1 35 28 35 

ALBITE 262.223 207.4 100.07 -3935.0 -3711.6 650.2 313 166 167 

NaAlSt3o8 0.4 0.13 2.6 2.6 0.5 123 171 220 

ANALBITE 262.223 225.6 100.43 -3923.6 -3705.6 649.2 313 166 167 

NaAlSi30a 0.4 0.09 2.6 2.6 0.5 155 171 

GLASS 262.223 251.9 110.10 -3875.5 -3665.3 642.1 366 421 258 

NaAlst3aa 1.5 0.20 3.7 3.7 0.6 

NA-K FELDSPAR SS. 264.639 231.3 102.18 -3932.1 -3715.2 650.9 155 155 

<N•o.as'o.15>Alsi30S 0.4 0.10 4.0 4.0 0.7 

NA-K FELDSPAR SS. 269.472 237.0 105.22 -3945.1 -3728.7 653.2 155 155 

<N&o.55-Ko.45>Alsi3°8 0.4 0.10 4.0 4.0 0.7 

NA-K FELDSPAR SS. 274.304 237.4 107.37 -3954.5 -3737.1 654.7 155 155 

(NBo.25'o.75)AlSi308 0.4 0.10 4.0 4.0 0.7 

NEPHELINE 142.054 124.4 54.19 -2090.4 -1975.8 346.1 220 188 220 

NaAlSio4 1.3 0.06 3.9 3.9 0.7 183 

CARNEGIEITE 142.054 118.7 56.03 -2104.3 -1988.0 348.3 346 450 220 

NaAlSto4 0.3 0.02 4.0 4.0 0.7 

GLASS 142.054 134.5 56.86 -2089.0 -1977.4 346.4 346 346 346 

NaAlSi04 0.5 0.06 4.0 4.0 0.7 

ANALCIME 220.154 227.7 97.4 -3310.1 -3090.0 541.3 206 206 206 

NaAlSi~ ·H~ 0.3 0.2 3.3 3.3 0.6 
38 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of FRAMEWORK STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME All) FOIUIJLA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A.H• A.G. 

I J•110l"1 •1(1 criS kJ•110l"1 kJ•110l"1 s H/G c 

DEHYDRATED ANALCIME 202.139 172.5 -2983.1 -2816.0 493.4 206 206 317 

NaAlSt~6 0.2 3.5 3.5 0.6 206 

NATROLITE 380.224 359.7 169.2 -5718.6 -5316.5 931.4 207 207 

Na~l st~10 ·2H~ 0.7 0.2 5.0 5.0 0.9 

PHILLIPSITE 643.236 771.9+ 303.0 173 

(Na1.1Ko.8>Al1.f1 6.1°16·6H~ 2.4 8.0 

MESOLITE 388.050 363.0+ 171.1 -5947.1 -5512.7 965.8 207 207 

Na0•68caa.66CAl1•99st3•01o10>·2.65H2o 2.0 0.4 5.4 6.0 1.1 

MORDENITE 441.880 486.5+ 209.8 -6736.7 -6227.9 1091.1 212 212 

••o.36c&o.~lo.94st5.06°12·3.47H~ 1.0 1.2 4.5 4.5 0.8 

DEHYDRATED MORDENITE 379.367 299.1+ -5642.3 -5318.9 931.8 212 212 

N•o.36c&o.~lo.94st5.06°12 0.6 4.6 4.6 0.8 

MERLINOITE 239.967 282.4+ 150.6 -3591.2 -3312.0 580.2 95 95 

Na 81 Ko. ~lst 94os. 88 ·2.13H o 0.4 0.5 2.9 2.9 0.5 96 

MERLINOITE 244.028 276.6+ 152.2 -3519.0 -3258.0 570.8 95 95 

Ko.aoN•o.2oAlst1.940S.aa·1.81H2o 0.4 0.5 2.9 2.9 0.5 96 

MERLINOITE 245.088 274.3+ 151.2 -3481.8 -3227.6 565.4 95 95 

KAlSi 94os. 88 ·1.69H~ 0.4 0.5 3.0 3.0 0.5 96 

MERLINOITE 233.057 274.6+ 153.6 -3488.3 -3212.0 562.7 95 95 

•ao. 81 Ko. ~tst 81 os. 62 ·2.18H~ 0.4 0.5 2.8 2.8 0.5 96 

MERLINOITE 237.629 260.5+ 151.5 -3387.3 -3131.1 548.5 95 95 

K0.91N o.~lSi1.810S.62·1.79H~ 0.4 0.5 2.8 2.8 0.5 96 

MERLINOITE 237.277 259.7+ 149.8 -3360.0 -3110.2 544.9 95 95 

KAlSt 81 os. 62 ·1.69H~ 0.5 0.5 2.8 2.8 0.5 96 
SHEET STRUCfURE SILICATES 39 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SHEET STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS AT 291.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• &.H• A.G. 

I J •110l·1.1(1 ~ kJ•110l"1 kJ•110l"1 s H/G c 

DICKITE 258.160 197.1 98.56 -4118.5 ·3796.0 665.0 230 171 149 

Al2st20s<OH>4 1.3 0.04 2.0 2.1 0.4 149 

KAOLINITE 258.160 200.4 99.34 ·4119.0 -3797.5 665.3 358 179 179 

Al2Siz0s(OH)4 0.5 0.01 1.5 1.5 0.3 198 68 

HALLOYSITE 258.160 203.0 -4101.5 -3780.7 662.4 230 171 

Al2st20s<OH>4 1.3 10.0 10.0 1.8 

PYROPHYLLITE 360.314 239.4 128.10 ·5640.0 -5266.2 922.6 365 258 258 

At2st4o10<0H>2 0.4 0.08 1.5 1.5 0.3 68 

ILLITE 1553.665 1104.2 577.00 365 

K3<Al7Ma><Al2st 14>o40<0H>8 2.5 10.00 

MARGARITE 398.184 263.6 129.63 -6244.0 -5858.9 1026.4 335 68 335 

CaAl2 tAl2Siz01oJ (0H)2 0.3 0.06 2.6 2.6 0.5 

PREHNITE 412.384 292.8 141.10 -6202.6 -5824.7 1020.4 335 68 335 

CazAltAlSi3o10J(OH)2 0.7 0.10 2.0 2.0 0.4 

MUSCOVITE (Al/Si disordered) 398.308 306.4 140.81 -5974.8 -5598.8 980.9 365 166 258 

KAl2tAtst3o10J<OH>2 0.6 0.10 4.9 4.9 0.9 432 152 316 

MUSCOVITE (Al/Si ordered) 398.308 287.7 140.81 -5990.0 -5608.4 982.6 365 166 258 

KAl2tAlSi3o10J(OH)2 0.6 0.10 4.9 4.9 0.9 432 152 316 

ANNITE 511.886 415.0 154.30 -5149.3 -4798.3 840.6 186 188 188 

KFe:JtAlSi~ oJ (OH)2 10.0 0.50 4.0 4.0 0.7 174 

PHLOGOPITE (Al/Si disordered) 417.260 334.6 149.65 -6226.0 -5846.0 1024.2 356 356 356 

KM&]tAlSi301oJ (OH)2 1.0 0.10 6.0 6.0 1 .o 

PHLOGOPITE (Al/Sf ordered) 417.260 315.9 149.65 -6246.0 -5860.5 1026.7 356 356 356 

KMI]tAlSi~ oJ (OH)2 1.0 0.10 6.0 6.0 01.0 

FLUORPHLOGOPITE (Al/Si disorder)421.242 336.3 146.52 -6355.5 ·6015.7 1053.9 218 171 218 

KMI] [AlSt3o1oJ F2 2.1 o. 10 4.0 4.2 0.7 434 

FLUORPHLOGOPITE (Al/Sf ordered) 421.242 317.6 146.52 -6375.5 -6030.1 1056.4 218 356 218 

KMI] tAlSi301oJ F2 2.1 0.10 4.0 4.2 0.7 

TALC 379.266 260.8 136.20 -5900.0 -5520.2 967.1 370 162 257 

MI]Si4o1o<OH>2 0.6 0.20 2.0 2.1 0.4 

CHRYSOTILE (ANTIGORITE) 277.112 221.3 107.50 -4360.0 -4032.4 706.4 226 171 226 

MI]Siz0s(OH)4 0.8 0.40 3.0 3.1 0.5 
40 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Of SHEET STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS AT 298.15 K 

NAME AND FORMULA WEIGHT ENTROPY VOLUME ENTHALPY FREE LOG(K) REFERENCES 

ENERGY 

s• v• A.H• Atfi• 

Sl J·.,r,-c, cas kJ·•r1 kJ·•r1 s H/G c 

CLINOCHLORE 555.797 421.0 211.00 -8919.0 -8255.8 1446.3 180 182 182 

M&sAl(AlSi3o10)(0H)8 15.0 0.50 20.0 20.0 3.5 204 

PARAGONITE (Al/Si disordered) 382.200 295.8 132.1 -5933.0 -5555.7 973.3 356 356 356 

NaAl2tAlSi301oJ (OH)2 0.9 0.1 3.8 3.9 0.7 

PARAGONITE (Al/Si ordered) 382.200 277.1 132.1 -5949.3 -5568.5 975.6 356 356 356 

NaAl2tAlSi301oJ (OH)2 0.9 0.1 3.8 3.9 0.7 37 
ELEMENTS 41 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR SELECTED ELEMENTS 

NAME AND FORMULA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 Trange T .. A..H• 

J •110l",·l(1 (T) n-z, n~-•, (T2) IC IC kJ•110l"1 

SILVER 42.55 1.126E+01 1.169E-02 -2.124E+05 2.253E+02 298 1234.9 11.95 

Ag (crystal) 0.21 1235 

AlliUNlM 28.30 4. 132E+01 -1.988E-02 ·1.265E+05 -1.816E+02 1.93E-05 298 933.5 10.70 

Al (crystal) 0.08 933.5 

ARSENIC 35.69 2.0845E+01 6.3265E·03 -9.8777E+04 5.2398E+01 298 

As 0.84 875 

GOLD 47.49 4. 197E+01 -1.770E-02 ·2.161E+02 1.123E-05 298 1337.3 12.36 

Au (crystal) 0.21 1337.3 

BORON 5.83 4.758E+01 -5.227E-03 ·5.903E+04 -5.899E+02 1 .372E·06 298 

B (crystal) 0.08 2350 

BERYLLilM 9.50 1.8735E+01 9.293E·03 ·4.502E+05 298 

Be (crystal) 0.08 1550 

BISMUTH 56.74 2.6852E+01 -1.7289E-02 4. 1802E-05 298 

Bi 0.42 544.52 

BROMINE 249.34 4.211E+01 ·2.470E·03 ·3.021E+04 -8.739E+01 9.370E-07 332.5 

Br2 (ideal gas) 0.05 2200 

GRAPHITE 5.74 6.086E+01 ·1.024E·02 7. 139E+05 ·9.922E+02 1.669£-06 298 

C (crystal) 0.10 2500 

DIAMOND 2.38 9.845E+01 ·3.655E·02 1.217E+06 -1 .659E+03 1.098E-05 298 

C (crystal) 0.20 1800 

CALCilM 42.90 -2.659E+01 5.236E-02 -4.877E+05 7.442E+02 -9.772E-06 298 

Ca («·crystal) o. 10 716 

CADMIUM 51.80 ·3.8115E·02 ·1.3402E+05 3.0044E+02 -1 .4336E-05 298 

Cd (crystal) 0.15 594.18 

CERilM 72.00 1 .4017E+01 1 .9292E·02 ·1.0802E+05 1.4469E+02 298 

Ce (crystal) 4.00 999 

CHLORINE 223.08 4.591E+01 -3.699E-03 ·4.094E+04 ·1 .811E+02 1.009E-06 298 

Cl2 (ideal gas) 0.02 2500 

COBALT 30.04 4.1844E·02 -1 • 5646E+05 2.6875E+02 -1.6498E-05 298 

Co (crystal) 0.42 700 

CHROMilM 23.62 ·1.625E+01 2.293E-02 ·1.222E+06 8.032E+02 1.232E-06 298 

Cr (ct· '8tal) 0.21 2100 
42 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR SELECTED ELEMENTS 

NAME AND FORMULA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T rqe Tun 

J•mol·1.K"1 (T) (T"2) (T-o.&) (T2) ""'". IC IC tJ·•l"1 

COPPER 33.14 6.084E+01 -2.875E-02 3.331E+05 -5.671E+02 1.420E-05 298 1357.8 13.14 

Cu (crystal) 0.03 1357.8 

COPPER 83.95 3.280E+01 1357.8 

cu (liquid) 0.50 2500 

FLUORINE 202.79 4.057E+01 1.792E-03 -1.004E+05 -1.489E+02 -4.836E-07 298 

F2 (ideal gas) 0.02 2500 

GERMANIUM 31.09 2.4033E+01 3.049E-03 -1. 5714E+05 0.84921E+OO -2.5E-08 298 

Ge (crystal) 0.15 1211.4 

HYDROGEN 130.68 4.783E+OO 1.335E-02 -5.617E+05 4.583E+02 -1.825E-06 298 

H2 (ideal gas) 0.02 2500 

MERCURY 75.90 1.6815E+01 3.623E·03 -7.956E+04 1.860E+02 2.168E-06 298 59.2 

Hg (liquid) 0.12 629 

MERCURY 174.97 2.079E+01 298 629 

Hg (ideal gas) 0.02 1800 

IODINE 116.14 1.3122E+01 9.111E-03 -1.0131E+06 5.3419E+02 -1.5E-07 457.7 

12 (ideal gas) 0.30 1800 

MAGNESIUM 32.67 4.1345E-02 -2.7217E+05 3.1329E+02 -1.3745E-05 298 923 8.48 

Mg (crystal) 0.10 923 

MAGNESIUM 73.23 3.431E+01 923 

Mg (liquid) 0.15 1366 

MAGNESIUM 148.65 2.079E+01 298 

Mg (ideal gas) 0.02 2000 

MANGANESE 32.01 4.1345E-02 -2.7217E+05 3.1329E+02 -1.3745E·05 298 

Mn (ca-crystal) 0.08 980 

MOLYBDENUM 28.66 4.167E+01 -9.165E-03 1.082E+05 -2.882E+02 4.904E-06 298 

Mo (crystal) 0.21 2500 

NITROGEN 191.61 2.479E+01 9.648E-03 1.459E+05 ·2.003E·06 298 

N2 (ideal gas) 0.02 2500 

SODIUM 64.92 3.7482E+01 -1.9183E-02 1.0644E-05 371 

Na (liquid) 0.20 1170.5 

SOOIUM 153.72 2.079E+01 298 

Na (ideal gas) 0.02 2500 
ELEMENTS 43 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR SELECTED ELEMENTS 

NAME AND FOIUIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T rM~tt Tan A...H· 

J ·mor' ·K"' (T) (T-2, (T~.&) (T2) K K kJ·•l"' 

NICKEL 29.87 1.5121E+02 -2.049E-01 -1 .3746E+03 1.742£-04 298 

Ni (crystal) 0.08 600 

OXYGEN 205.15 5.658E+01 -5.255E-03 6.856E+05 -5.780E+02 1.113E-06 298 

o2 (ideal gas) 0.02 2500 

PHOSPHORUS 42.58 2.632E+01 317.3 

p (liquid) 0.25 1000 

LEAD 64.80 2.266E+01 1 .0089E-01 -8.717E+04 4.0666E+01 298 600.6 4.81 

Pb (crystal) 0.30 600.6 

PLATINUM 41.63 2.0046E+01 7.415E-03 -1.298E+05 8.738E+01 -4.798E-07 298 

Pt (crystal) 0.20 1800 

SULFUR 32.05 2.270E+01 298 

S (ortho-crystal) 0.05 

SULFUR 228.17 3.751E+01 2.173E-03 -1.645E+05 -6.575E+01 -7.275E-08 298 

s2 (ideal gas) 0.02 2500 

ANTIMONY 45.52 5.2603E+01 -3.2904E-02 1 .2617E+05 -3.6512E+02 2.4691E-05 298 

Sb (crystal) 0.21 904 

SILICON 18.81 2.431E+01 3.003E-03 -3.185E+05 -2.831E+01 2.330E-07 298 1685 50.02 

Si (crystal) 0.08 1685 

SILICON 91.56 2. 720E+01 1685 

Si (liquid) 0.5 2500 

TIN 51.18 -6.8705E+01 7.2961E-02 -1.2938E+06 1.53013E+03 298 

Sn (crystal) 0.08 505.1 

STRONTIUM 55.69 2.3369E+01 1.066E-02 2.233E+04 298 

Sr (crystal) 0.03 820 

TELLURIUM 49.71 1 .9124E+01 2.2061E-02 298 

Te (crystal) 0.20 723 

Thor h.- 51.83 2.27467E+01 9. 338E -03 -3. 00023E+03 1 .27357E+01 -9.09E-08 298 

TH (crystal) 0.50 1650 

TITANTIUM 30.76 2.01595E+02 -1.4675E-01 1.97328E+06 -2.7691E+03 6.28E-05 298 

Ti <•-crystal) o. 10 1166 

URANIUM 50.20 3.2944E+01 -7.800E-03 -9.500E+01 2.860E-05 298 

U (crystal) 0.20 942 
44 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR SELECTED ELEMENTS 

NAME AND FORJIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 AS T rqe T. '-"0 

J•mol",·IC", (T) n-2, (T-o.&) (T2) K K kJ·..,r1 

VANADillt 28.94 3.440E+OO 1.334E-02 -6.971E+05 4.369E+02 2.020E-07 298 

V (crystal) 0.42 2200 

TUNGSTEN 32.65 3.814E+01 -5.430E-03 2.183E+05 -2.568E+02 2.552E-06 298 

W (crystal) 0.10 2500 

ZINC 41.63 2.909E+01 -3.507E-03 -6.366E+01 1.161E-05 298 692.7 7.30 

Zn (crystal) 0.15 692.7 

ZINC 75.16 3.138E+01 692.7 

Zn (l fqufd) 0.30 1180.2 

ZINC 160.99 2.079E+01 1180.2 

Zn (ideal gas) 0.03 2500 

ZIRCONillt 38.87 -2.585E+01 3.6755E-02 -9.032E+05 8.778E+02 -6.585E-06 298 1135 4.02 

Zr (cr-crystal) 0.20 1135 

ZIRCON I Lit 79.48 2.1943E+01 -6.37E-03 -1.1452E+06 2.7991E+02 4.81E·06 1135 

Zr (J-crystal) 2000 

METHANE 186.26 1.194E+02 2.055E·02 2.814E+06 -2.090E+03 -5.000E-06 298 

CH4 0.04 1800 

COHENITE 104.40 1.073E+02 1.253E-02 298 

Fe3C 3.40 1800 

NltONIA 192.77 5.139E+01 2.660E-02 7.584E+05 -5.480E+02 -4.900E-06 298 

NH3 0.03 1800 
SULFIDES AND SULFOSALTS 45 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR SULFIDE AND SULFOSALT MINERALS 

NAME AND FORJIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T range Tt~n Ac..Ho 

J·mor'·IC' (T) (T"2) (T~-~) (T2) IC IC kJ·.,l"' 

ACANTHITE (ARGENTITE) 142.9 7.531E+01 298 

Ag2s 0.3 

REALGAR 63.5 4.702E+01 298 

AsS 0.6 

GREENOCICITE 72.2 3.538E+01 1.503E-02 -5.333E+05 2.357E+02 -2.400E-06 298 

CdS 0.3 1100 

CATTIER lYE 74.8 6.582E+01 3.032E-02 -5.870E+05 298 

Cos2 0.2 1000 

COVELLITE 67.4 4.3049E+01 2.023E-02 -1.39938E-05 4.35838E-01 298 

cus 0.2 780 

CHALCOCITE 116.2 7.684E+01 298 

c~s 0.1 

CHALCOPYRITE 124.9 -5.8753E+02 3.7073E-01 -1.4721E+07 1.275E+04 298 

CuFes2 0.2 820 

ISS (intenmediate ss) 250.5 -1.01845E+03 1.358E+OO 820 

CuFes2 930 

BORNITE 398.5 2.429E+02 298 

C"'5Fes4 0.8 

TROILJTE 60.3 5.049E+01 298 

FeS 0.2 

PYRRHOTITE 60.7 4.988E+01 298 

Fe.875s 0.2 

PYRRHOTITE 5.084E+01 298 

Fe.89s 

PYRRHOTITE 63.2 5.123E+01 298 

Fe.90s 0.1 

PYRRHOTITE 5.095E+01 298 

Fe.98s 

PYRITE 52.9 -2.032E+01 5.030E-02 -3.200E+06 1.787E+03 298 

Fes2 0.1 1015 

MARCASITE 53.9 3.832E+02 -3.173E-01 1.676E+06 -4.488E+03 1.676E-04 298 

FeS2 0.1 700 
46 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR SULFIDE AND SULFOSALT MINERALS 

NAME AND FORJIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 Tr.,.. ,_ A....H• 

J ·mor' ·lr1 (T) (T"2) (T-0.&) (T2) IC IC kJ•110l"1 

HYDROGEN SULFIDE 205.8 2.636E+01 2.650E-02 2.660E+05 -4.356E+01 -6.024£-06 298 

H2S (IDEAL GAS) 0.2 1800 

ALABANDITE 80.3 1.353E+02 -5.775E-02 1.169E+06 -1.435E+03 2.087E-05 298 

MnS 0.8 1800 

MOLYBDENITE 62.6 1.045E+02 ·4.812E-03 -6.291E+03 -6.817E+02 298 

Mos2 0.2 1200 

MILLERITE 53.0 4.711E+01 298 

NiS 0.4 

HEAZLEWOODITE 133.2 1.057E+03 -8.988E-01 8.139E+06 -1.388E+04 4.660£-04 298 

Ni3s2 0.3 840 

GALENA 91.7 4.460E+01 1.640E-02 298 

PbS 0.7 900 

STIBNITE 182.0 1.705E+02 -4.860E-03 7.539E+05 -9.978E+02 298 

s~~ 3.3 829 

HERZENBERGITE 77.0 -1.559£+02 1.219E-01 -3.548E+06 3.604E+03 298 

SnS 0.8 875 

HERZENBERGITE 135.1 2.672E+01 3.035E-02 875 

SnS 1.0 1153 

BERNDTITE 87.5 2.004E+01 3.823E-02 · -9.602E+05 8.544E+02 298 

SnS2 0.2 1000 

TUNGSTENITE 67.8 7.633E+01 5.561E-04 -1.137E+06 1.408E-06 298 

ws2 0.3 1500 

SPHALERITE 58.7 6.151E+01 7.631E-04 -7.963E+04 -2.604£+02 298 

ZnS 0.8 1300 

WRTZITE 58.8 4.191E+01 7.619E-03 -6.603E+05 1.577E+02 298 

ZnS 0.2 1300 

BERTHIERITE 245.0 1.000E+01 7.930E-02 -6.416E+06 3.691E+03 298 

FeS~s4 1.0 836 

CHALCOSTIBITE 149.2 8.810E+01 4.040E-02 298 

CUSbS2 3.8 826 
OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES 47 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR OXIDE AND HYDROXIDE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORMULA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T rMge T. '-"0 

J ·mor' ·IC"1 (T) n·2, (T..o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·•r1 

CORUNDllt 50.9 1.612E+02 -1.352E-03 ·1.815E+06 -1.059E+03 5.381E·07 298 2345 

Al ~ 0.1 2250 

BOEHMITE 37.2 2.057E+02 ·3.492E·02 1.027E+06 ·2.635E+03 298 

AlO(OH) 0.1 600 

DIASPORE 35.3 5.333E+01 298 

AlO(OH) 0.2 

GIBBSITE 68.4 9.170E+01 298 

Al(OH)3 o. 1 

DIBORON TRIOXIDE 54.0 1.847E+02 7. 108E-03 6.441E+05 -2.270E+03 298 

B2~ 0.3 723 

DIBORON TRIOXIDE 160.9 1.297E+02 723 

B2~ (liquid) 0.5 2200 

BARilM MONOXIDE n.1 5.n2E+01 5.370E-03 ·1.669E+05 -1.668E+02 298 

Bao 0.4 1800 

BROMELLITE 13.8 8.274E+01 ·7.301E·03 -4.158E+05 -8.718E+02 1.845E·06 298 

BeO 0.2 2000 

BISMITE 151.5 1.036E+02 3.336E-02 298 

Bi ~ 2.1 800 

CARBON MONOXIDE 197.3 3.976E+01 3.188E-03 5.292E+05 -3.013E+02 -8.078E-07 298 

CO (ideal gas) 0.0 2500 

CARBON DIOXIDE 213.8 8.811E+01 -2.698E-03 7.232E+05 -1.007E+03 298 

c~ (ideal gas) 0 2200 

LIME 38.1 5.185E+01 2.444E·03 ·9.340E+05 298 

cao 0.4 2500 

PORTLANDITE 83.4 1.867E+02 ·2.191E·02 -1.600E+03 298 

Ca(OH)2 0.4 700 

CERIANITE 62.3 8.029E+01 5.699E-03 -7.294E+05 -2.099E+02 298 

Ce02 0.1 1800 

COBALT MONOXIDE 52.8 -3.047E+01 2.946E-02 -4.166E+06 1.932E+03 298 

CoO 0.3 1800 

TRICOIALT TETROXIDE 109.3 1.316E+02 6.602E-02 -2.480E+06 298 

Co:J04 0.3 1000 
48 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR OXIDE AND HYDROXIDE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORMULA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T range T ... A._H• 

J •IIIOL"'·IC' (T) n·2> (T-o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·•l"' 

ESKOLAITE 81.2 1.190£+02 9.496E-03 -1.442£+06 •3.405E+OO 298 

cr20:J 1.2 1800 

TENORITE 42.6 3.097E+01 1.374E-02 -1.258E+06 3.693E+02 298 

cuo 0.2 1400 

CUPRITE 92.4 4.260E+02 -2.508E-01 4.898E+06 -6.078E+03 9.244E-05 298 

c~o 0.3 1500 

WUSTITE 56.6 -1.930E+01 3.017E-02 -2.533E+06 1.501E+03 298 

Fe.94.,o 0.4 1652 

FERROUS OXIDE 60.6 3.908E+01 8.574E-03 -7.325E+05 2.466£+02 298 

Feo (fictive) 1.7 1800 

HEMATITE 87.4 1.50147E+03 -1.2146£+00 1.4123E+07 -2.1493E+04 5.690£-04 298 950 1.24 

Fe20:J 0.2 950 

HEMATITE 243.8 -1.0957E+03 2.n61E-o1 -1.0239E+08 3.396£+04 950 

Fe20:J 1.0 1800 

MAGNETITE 146.1 2.65911E+03 -2.5215E+OO 2.0734E+07 -3.6455E+04 1.3677E-03 298 

F~o4 0.4 800 

MAGNETITE 369.1 9.6823E+01 5.2733E-02 5.6413E+07 900 

F~o4 0.6 1800 

STEAM 188.8 2.7057E+01 1.7584E-02 2.7696£+05 -2.7656£+01 -2.5097E-06 298 

H2o (ideal gs) 0.04 2500 

DIPOTASSIUM MONOXIDE 94.1 7.450E+01 3.965E-02 -2.346£+05 298 

K~ 6.3 2000 

DILITHIUM MONOXIDE 37.6 6.133E+01 3.568E-02 -1.168E+06 -7.050£+01 -7.318E-06 298 

Li20 0.8 2000 

PERICLASE 26.9 6.653E+01 -6.143E-03 -6.093E+05 -3.592E+02 2.451E-06 298 

MgO 0.2 2500 

BRUCITE 63.2 1.022E+02 1.511E-02 -2.617E+06 298 

Mg(OH)2 0.1 900 

MANGANOSI TE 59.7 6.028E+01 3.510E-03 -2.975E+02 298 

MnO 0~ 1 2000 

PYROLUSITE 52.8 2.904E+02 -1.442E-01 2.012E+06 -3.787E+03 4.541E-05 298 

~ 0.1 850 
OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES 49 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR OXIDE AND HYDROXIDE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORIIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 AS T r.,ge Tan A.H· 

J•IIOl"'·K"' (T) n·2, (T.o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·•r' 

BIXBYITE 113.7 1.624E+02 1 .211E-02 1.046E+06 -1.317E+03 3.462E-06 325 

M"20;s 0.2 1400 

HAUSMANNITE 164.1 -7.432E+OO 9.487E-02 -6.712E+06 3.396E+03 298 

""l04 0.3 1400 

BRAUNITE 416.4 4.301E+02 1.110E-01 -7.325E+06 298 

Mt;Si012 0.8 1500 

MOLYBDITE 77.7 6.433E+OO 6.278E-02 -2.460E+06 1.337E+03 298 1074 

MoO;s 0.4 1074 

NITROGEN DIOXIDE 240.1 1.018E+02 -1. 121E-02 1.218E+06 -1.300E+03 1.461E-06 298 

No2 o. 1 2500 

DISODIUM MONOXIDE 75.3 1.1397E+02 7.4857E-03 -8.1335E+02 298 

Na~ 0.8 1000 

BUNSENITE 38.0 4.1107E+03 -5.3024E+OO 2.43067E+07 -5.3039E+04 3.5206E-03 298 

NiO 0.2 519 

BUNSENITE 67.7 -8.776E+OO 4.223E-02 3.607E+06 7.873E+02 -7.526E-06 519 

NiO 0.5 1800 

LITHARGE 66.5 5.102E+01 1.027E-02 -7.387E+05 298 

PbO 0.2 1000 

PLATTNERITE 71.8 7.312E+01 7.484E-03 -1.261E+06 298 

Pb02 0.4 1200 

MINIUM 212.0 1.779E+02 3.326E-02 -2.926E+06 298 

~04 6.7 1800 

SULFUR DIOXIDE 248.2 9.890E+01 -1.161E-02 8.465E+05 -1.127E+03 1.788E-06 298 

so2 (IDEAL GAS) o. 1 2500 

SULFUR TRIOXIDE 256.8 1.478E+02 -1.898E-02 1.079E+06 -1.794E+03 2.763E-06 298 

S0;s (IDEAL GAS) 0.8 2500 

SILICON MONOXIDE 211.6 5.686E+01 -5.616E-03 4.922E+05 -5.335E+02 8.5943E-07 298 

SiO (IDEAL GAS) 0.8 2500 

QUARTZ 41.5 a. 1145E+01 1 .828E-02 -1.810E+05 -6.985E+02 5.406E-06 298 

Si~ 0.1 844 

QUARTZ 104.6 5.796E+01 9.330E-03 1.835£+06 844 

Si~ 0.2 1700 
50 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR OXIDE AND HYDROXIDE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORMULA ENTROPY ~1 A2 A3 A4 AS T range Tan 4.H• 

J •IIOl-1•1(1 (T) u-2, (T-o.&) (T2) K K kJ·110r1 

CRISTOBALITE 43.4 -4. 160E+03 2.548E+OO -6.286E+07 7.168E+04 298 

Si~ 0.1 523 

CRISTOBALITE 76.3 7.275E+01 1.300E-03 -4.132E+06 523 

Si~ 1 .o 1800 

COESITE 38.5 2.331E+02 -7.777E-02 2.604E+06 -3.375E+03 1.924E-05 298 

Si~ 1 .o 1800 

STISHOVITE 27.8 1.474E+02 -4.D27E-02 -2.834E+05 -1.559E+03 1.203E-05 298 

Si~ 0.4 1800 

SILICA GLASS 48.5 7.464E+01 -7.259E-03 -3.114E+06 5.570E-06 298 

Si~ 1 .o 1700 

CASSITERITE 49.0 7.604E+01 7.364E-03 -2.224E+06 298 

~ 0.1 1500 

STRONTIUM MONOXIDE 55.5 5.365E+01 5.982E-03 -3.666E+05 -1.019E+02 298 

SrO 0.4 2500 

THORIANITE 65.2 7. 138E+01 7.556E-03 -1.053E+06 298 

T~ 0.2 1200 

RUTILE 50.6 8.462E+01 5.990E-04 -1.101E+06 -2.957E+02 298 

Ti~ 0.2 2100 

ANATASE 49.9 4.396E+01 1.374E-02 -2.595£+06 6.294E+02 298 

Ti~ 0.3 1300 

URANINITE 77.0 5.845E+01 1.606E-02 -1 .867E+06 3.689£+02 298 

uo2 0.2 1800 

KARELIANITE 98.1 5.799£+01 4.120£-02 -3.8nE+06 1.351E+03 298 

v2~ 1.3 1800 

TUNGSTEN DIOXIDE 50.6 6.638E+01 1.326E-02 -1.294£+06 298 

~ 0.3 2500 

ZINCITE 43.2 4.350E+01 7.658E-03 -7.573E+05 5.456E+01 298 

ZnO 0.1 1800 

BADDELEYITE 50.4 1.073£+02 -5.011E-03 -2.203E+05 -8.141E+02 298 1478 8.08 

z~ 0.3 1478 

BADDELEYITE 167.1 7.448E+01 1478 

z~ 1.5 2000 
MULTIPLE OXIDES 51 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR MULTIPLE OXIDE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORIIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 AS TrMge T ... '-". 

J·•r1-K"1 (T) (T-2) (T.O.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·•r1 

TIALITE 109.6 2.111E+02 1.461E·02 ·3.625E+06 -6.610E+02 298 

Al2TiOs 0.8 1800 

CHRYSOBERYL 66.3 3.627E+02 -8.353E-02 -6.798E+04 -4.034E+03 2.248E-05 298 

BeAlz04 0.1 1800 

CALCilM FERRITE 145.4 9.588E+01 4.666E-02 ·3.360E+06 1.410E+03 298 

CaFez04 0.8 1510 

DICALCIUM FERRITE 188.8 2.223E+02 9.728E-03 ·5.661E+06 5.420E+02 298 

ca2Fez0s 1.3 1750 

PEROVSICITE 93.6 1.250E+01 4.516E-02 ·6.302E+06 2.462E+03 298 

CaTiO 0.4 1530 

3 

HERCYNITE 116.0 2.247E+02 4.480E-03 ·1.581E+06 ·1.370E+03 298 

FeAt2o4 3.0 1200 

CHRCI41TE 146.0 3.018E+02 ·4.157E·02 4.877E+05 -2.803E+03 1.147E·05 298 

Feer2o4 1.7 1800 

ILMENITE 108.9 2.627E+02 ·7.999E·02 3.827E+05 -2.538E+03 3.388E-05 298 

FeTi~ 0.3 1000 

ULVOSPINEL 168.9 -1.026E+02 1.425E·01 ·9.145E+06 5.271E+03 298 

Fe2Tto4 2.5 1800 

PSEUDOBROOICITE 156.5 2.136E+02 1.625E·02 ·2.345E+06 ·4.795E+02 298 

Fe2TiOs 1.3 1800 

SPINEL 84.5 2.229E+02 6.127E·03 -1.686E+06 ·1.551E+03 298 

MgAlz04 0.04 1800 

MAGNESIOCHROMITE 106.0 1.961E+02 5.398E-03 ·3.126E+06 -6.169E+02 298 

Mgcr2o4 0.8 1800 

MAGNESIOFERRITE 123.8 1.782E+02 1.275E·02 665 

MgFe2o4 0.8 1230 

MAGNESIOFERRITE 379.2 1.066E+02 5.716E·02 1230 

MgFe2o4 3.0 1800 

GEIICIELITE 74.6 2.225E+02 ·5.274E·02 ·6.092E+05 -1.8746E+03 1.878E-05 298 

MgTi~ 0.2 1800 

PYROPHANITE 104.9 1.217E+02 9.288E-03 -2.188E+06 298 

MnTi~ 0.3 1600 
52 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR MULTIPLE OKIDE MINERALS 

tiNE AND FORIIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T range T ... '-". 

J ··t·1. K"1 (T) n·2> (T4.6) (T2) IC IC kJ•110l"1 

TREYORITE 165.0 9.559£+01 1.705E-01 3.9927E+04 298 

NiFe2'l4 3.0 1000 

FRANICLINITE 150.7 1.995E+02 3.045E-02 -1.352E+06 298 

ZnFe2'l4 0.3 600 

ZINC TITANIUM SPINEL 143.1 2.613E+02 -5.138E-03 -4.317E+05 -2.095E+03 298 

~Tto4 0.3 1800 
HAUDES 53 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR HALIDE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORIIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T r.,.. T. a_H• 

J·•r' ·K"' (T) n-2, (T-o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·•r' 

BRCIWlGYRITE 107.1 3.317E+01 6.443E-02 298 

AgBr 0.4 703 

POTASSIUM BROMIDE 95.9 -4.392E+01 5.855E-02 -1.839E+06 1.717E+03 298 

KBr 0.2 1000 

CHLORARGYRITE 96.2 5.996E+01 7.620E-03 -1.017E+06 298 

AgCl 0.2 728 

HYDROPHILITE 104.6 -4.725E+OO 4.504E-02 -2.037E+06 1.503E+03 298 1045 28.54 

cacl2 1.3 1045 

HYDROPHILITE 230.2 1.025E+02 1045 

cacl2 (liquid) 5.0 1800 

LAWRENCITE 118.0 -1.123E+02 8.951E-02 -5.115E+06 3.790£+03 298 

Feel2 0.4 950 

MOLYSITE 142.3 -2.56E+02 1.1755E+OO 7.89E+06 -9.738E-04 298 

FeCl3 0.4 577 

HYDROGEN CHLORIDE 186.9 1 .738E+01 1. 165E-02 -7.597E+03 1.477E+02 -2.052E-06 298 

HCl (ideal gas) 0.03 2500 

SYLVITE 82.6 -2.452E+01 4.852E-02 -1.605E+06 1.371E+03 298 

KCl 0.2 1043 

CHLOROMAGNESITE 89.6 7.690E+01 8.496E-03 -7.463E+05 298 

Mgcl2 0.8 987 

SCACCHITE 118.2 7.626E+01 1. 191E-02 -6.048E+05 298 

Mnel2 0.2 923 

SALAMMONIAC 95.0 8.410E+01 298 

NH4Cl 0.4 

HALITE 72.1 4.515E+01 1.797E-02 298 

NaCl 0.2 1074 

HALITE 170.3 7.2008E+01 -3.2228E-03 1074 

NaCl (liquid) 2.2 1791 

NICKELOUS CHLORIDE 97.7 -5.078E+01 5.748E-02 -4.064E+06 2.608E+03 298 

NiCl2 0.2 1303 

COTUNNITE 136.0 1.229E+02 -8.585E+02 298 

PbCl2 2.1 768 
54 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR HALIDE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORMULA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 Trqe T. A.H• 

J·•l·1.1(1 (T) cr·2> (T-o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·•l"1 

FLUORITE 68.9 2.033E+03 -1.436E+OO 2.988E+07 -3.312E+04 5.040E-04 298 

CaF2 0.3 1400 

HYDROGEN FLUORIDE 173.8 6.845E+OO 1.301E-02 -4. 108E+05 4.007E+02 -1.911E-06 298 

HF (ideal gas) 0.04 2500 

SELLAITE 57.3 9.474E+01 1.595E-04 -7.328E+05 -4.322E+02 298 1536 58.16 

MgF2 0.4 1536 

VI LLIAUMITE 51.5 -2.612E+OO 3.347E-02 -1.402E+06 9.542E+02 298 1269 33.14 

NaF o., 1269 

CRYOLITE 238.5 4 .04227E+03 -3.8582E+OO 3.4071E+07 -5.5876E+04 2.004E-03 298 836 8.20 

N~AlF6 0.5 836 

CRYOLITE 512.4 2.3669E+02 4.7986E-02 836 1153 1.8 

N~AlF6 2.5 1153 

CRYOLITE 605.5 3.0041E+02 1153 1290 113.75 

Na3AtF6 2.5 1290 

CHIOLITE 515.3 5.099E+02 8.768E-02 -7.301E+06 298 1010 80.83 

Na5At3F14 0.8 1010 

IODARGYRITE 115.5 2.4351E+01 1.0083E-02 298 

Agl , .7 423 

MARSHITE 96.6 -1.6941E+03 1.0046E+OO -2.8543E+07 3.0558E+04 298 

Cui 0.5 643 
CARBONATES AND NITRATES 55 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR CARBONATE AND NITRATE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORMULA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T r.,.e T ... '-". 

J • .,r' ·IC' (T) n·2> (T-o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·•l"' 

WITHERITE 112.1 -9.936E+01 1.258E-01 -6.274E+06 3.760E+03 298 

Ba~ 2.1 1079 

ARAGONITE 88.0 8.153E+01 4.567E-02 -1.141E+06 298 

Ca~ 0.2 1000 

CALCITE 91.7 9.972E+01 2.692E-02 -2.158E+06 298 

Ca~ 0.2 1200 

DOLCJ41TE 155.2 5.479E+02 -1.676E-01 2.840E+06 -6.548E+03 7.708E-05 298 

CaMg(C~)2 0.3 1100 

SIDERITE 95.5 2.574E+02 -4.620E-02 1.523E+06 ·3.082E+03 298 

FeCO:s 0.2 600 

MAGNESITE 65.1 8.112E+01 5.225E·02 -1.832E+06 298 

Mg~ 0.1 1000 

RHODOCHROSITE 98.0 1.497E+02 1.876E-02 1.417E+05 -1.3142E+03 298 

MnC~ 0.1 600 

THERMONATRITE 168.1 7.240E+01 2.607E-01 -1.258E+05 298 

Na c~·H o 0.8 380 

DAWSONITE 132.0 3.441E+01 3.347E-04 7.464E+02 298 

NaAl~(OH) 2 0.5 500 

STRONTIANITE 97.1 -1.618E+02 1.2795E·01 -9.018E+06 5.294E+03 298 1197 18.82 

Sr~ 1. 7 1197 

SMITHSONITE 81.2 1.4838E+02 2.835E-02 4.796E+05 -1.419E+03 298 

z~ 0.2 1200 

NITROBARITE 213.8 1.255E+02 1.497E-01 -1.670E+06 298 

Ba(~)2 0.8 800 

CALCIUM NITRATE 193.3 7.815E+01 1.734E-01 -2.778E+06 8.722E+02 298 

Ca(~)2 0.4 800 

MAGNESIUM NITRATE 164.0 5.8417E+01 2.7292E-01 1.8949E+05 298 

Mg(N~)2 0.8 600 

SODA NITER 116.5 2.570E+01 2.237E-01 1.161E+01 298 

NaN~ 0.7 549 

STRONTIUM NITRATE 194.6 1.3389E+03 -3.79E-01 2.5757E+07 -2.3582E+04 298 

Sr(N~) 2 0.5 900 
56 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR SULFATE AND PHOSPHATE MINERALS 

NAME AND FOIUIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T rqe Tan Ac..H• 

J·.,r1-K"1 (T) (T"2) (T-0.6) (T2) IC IC kJ·.,r1 

ALUMINUM SULFATE 239.3 7.877E+02 -9.899E-02 -8.615E+03 298 

Al2CS04)3 1.2 1100 

BARITE 132.2 1.412E+02 -3.507E+06 298 

Baso4 0.8 1300 

ANHYDRITE 107.4 3.728E+02 -1.574E-01 1.695E+06 -4.3308E+03 7.99E-05 298 

caso4 0.2 1000 

CHALCOCYANITE 109.5 1.615E+02 4.796E-02 -3.192E+06 298 

cuso4 0.6 1200 

FERRIC SULFATE 282.8 2.553E+02 2.269E-01 -4.260E+06 298 

Fe2CS04)3 0.8 800 

ARCANITE 175.6 1.2037E+02 9.958E-02 -1.782E+06 298 

ca-IC2S04 0.4 856 

ARCANITE 360.9 -8.445E+02 6.845E·01 3.499E+08 856 

I·K2S04 1.0 1342 

IC·Al SULFATE 204.6 2.370E+02 7.828E-02 -5.988E+06 298 

KAl(S04)2 1.3 1000 

ALUNITE 321.0 5.145E+03 1.1375E·01 ·1.5635E+07 298 

KAl3COH)6(S04)2 5.0 700 

LANGBEINITE 389.3 5.359E+02 1.101E·01 ·1.020E+06 -4.040E+03 -4.909E-05 298 

IC~g2CS04)3 0.8 1000 

MAGNESIUM SULFATE 91.4 1.056E+02 4.717E-02 -2.129E+06 298 

Maso4 0.8 1400 

MANGANOUS SULFATE 127.0 1.203E+02 3.999E-02 -2.818E+06 298 

MnS04 2.0 1000 

MASCAGNITE 220.5 1.0436E+02 2.788E-01 298 

CNH4)2S04 1.3 600 

THENARDITE 239.7 1.2193E+02 8.141E·02 514 

Na2so4 (hexagonal) 1.0 1155 

THENARDITE 424.6 2.011E+02 ·3.941E·03 1155 

Na2so4 Clfqutd) 2.0 1800 

NICICELOUS SULFATE 101.3 1.240E+02 3.062E·02 -3.150E+06 298 

Nfso4 0.2 1200 
SULFATES AND PHOSPHATES 57 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR SULFATE AND PHOSPHATE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORMULA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T rMge T ... '-". J·•l-1·1(1 (T) (T"2) (T-o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·•r1 

ANGLESITE 148.5 4.683E+01 1.278E-01 1.724E+06 298 

PbS04 0.6 1100 

ZINICOSITE 110.5 4.019E+01 1.243E-01 2.389E+06 298 

ZnS04 1.3 1100 

BERLIN lYE 90.8 1 .9833E+03 -1 .64948E+OO 2.0607E+07 -2.93193E+04 7.72E-04 298 

AlP04 0.2 830 

WHJTLOCICITE 236.0 1.929E+02 1.742E-01 ·1.174E+06 298 

C~(P04)2 0.8 1373 

FLUORAPATITE 387.9 7.543E+02 -3.026E-02 ·9.084E+05 -6.201E+03 298 

C&s(P04)3(F) 1.7 1600 

HYDROXYAPATITE 390.4 3.818E+02 1.186E-01 ·1.270E+07 1 .811E+03 298 

ca5(P04>3<0H> 1.7 1500 
58 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR ORTHO AND RING STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS 

NAME AND FOIUIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 AS T range T ... a_H• 

J·•r'·c' (T) (T"2) (T-4.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·•l"' 

TOPAZ 105.4 4.714E+02 ·8.165E·02 1.270E+06 -5.486E+03 298 

Al 2sto4F2 0.2 1000 

ICYANITE 82.8 2.7'94E+02 ·7.124E·03 -2.056E+06 -2.289E+03 298 

Al2Si«Js 0.5 2000 

ANDALUSITE 91.4 2. 77306E+02 -6.588E-03 ·1.9141E+06 -2.2656E+03 298 

Al2Si«Js 0.1 2000 

SILLIMANITE 95.4 2.8019E+02 -6.900E-03 -1.376E+06 -2.399E+03 298 

Al2Si«Js 0.6 2000 

MULLITE 275.0 7.546E+02 ·2.943E-02 ·3.454E+06 -6.576E+03 298 

Al Si~13 5.0 1800 

Dli10RTI ERITE 334.9 1.43871E+03 -2.427E-01 3.860E+06 -1.682E+04 4.884E-05 298 

Al6. 75 c .25si38011 .25COH>. 75 5.0 1800 

PHENAICITE 63.4 4.2849E+02 -9.958E-02 2.083E+06 ·5.6705E+03 1.989£-05 298 

ae2sto4 0.3 1800 

BERYL 346.7 1.625E+03 -4.252E-01 6.825E+06 -2.018E+04 1.203E·04 298 

B~Al (si 18 ) 4.7 1800 

BERTRANDITE 172.1 8.253E+02 ·9.965E-02 3.662E+06 -1.057E+04 298 

ae4st20rCOH>2 0.8 1400 

EUCLASE 89.1 5.329E+02 -1.507E-01 2.198E+06 -6.726E+03 4.122E·05 298 

BeALSi04(0H) 0.4 1800 

EPIDOTE 328.9 3.676E+02 298 

CazAl2Fe2st3o12(0H) 2.5 

LAWSONITE 230.0 2.m2E+02 2.341E·01 -6.389E+06 298 

C&Al Si~OH) H~ 0.4 600 

GEHLENITE 210.1 4.057E+02 -7.099£-03 -1.188E+06 ·3.174E+03 298 

C8zAl~i0r 0.6 1800 

ZOISITE 295.9 1.134E+03 -4.523E-01 -1.157E+04 2.391E·04 298 

C8zAl3Si~12(0H) 0.3 750 

GROSSULAR 260.1 1.5293E+03 ·6.990E·01 7.443E+06 -1.894£+04 2.530E-04 298 

~AL Si~12 0.5 1200 

GLASS 329.9+ 3.392E+02 298 

C&:JAL2Si~12 0.7 
ORTHO AND RING STRUCfURE SILICATES 59 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR ORTHO AND RING STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS 

twE AND FORJIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 AS T ranee T. &...H• 

J·.,r'·IC'' (T) (T-2, (T-o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·.,r' 

DATOLITE 110.2 1.9446E+02 1.8447E-01 4.0191E+05 ·2.0305E+03 -1.01E-04 298 

CaB(Si04)(0H) 0.6 1000 

ILVAITE 292.3 8.569E+03 -5.2407E+OO 9.6449E+07 -1.3456E+05 290 

Caf~(SizG7)0(0H) 0.6 376 

ANDRADITE 316.4 8.092E+02 -7.025E·02 -6.789E+05 -7.403E+03 298 

C~Fe si 12 2.0 1000 

MONTICELLITE 108.1 2.314E+02 -8.531E-04 -1.247E+06 -1.623E+03 -1.333E-06 298 

CaMgSio4 0.3 1000 

AKERMAN I TE 212.5 7.8146E+01 1.6573E-01 -6.7905E+06 2.8646E+03 -3.3437E-05 298 357.9 0.68 

cazttasi20r 0.4 1731 

MERWINITE 253.1 6.508E+02 -1.816E-01 -6.053E+03 7.036E-05 298 

C~Mg(Si0 2 2.1 1600 

TITANITE (Sphene) 129.2 1.767E+02 2.385E-02 -3.991E+06 298 

CaTiSiOs 0.8 1670 

LARNITE 127.6 2.487E+02 -8.315E-04 -9.om+04 -2.052E+03 298 

ca-ca2sto4 0.8 970 

BREDIGITE 314.2 1.3456E+02 4.611E-02 970 

ca•-ca2sto4 1.0 1710 

CALCIO-OLIVINE 120.5 1.327E+02 5.251E-02 -1.905E+06 298 

y-ca2sio4 0.8 1200 

HATURITE (ALITE) 168.6 3.339E+02 -4.651E-03 -6.526E+04 -2.766E+03 298 

C~SiOs 0.3 1800 

RANICINITE 210.6 4.732E+02 -4.207E-02 3.397E+05 -4.319E+03 298 

c~s1 0r 2.9 1400 

ROSENHAHNITE 281.8 3.650E+02 5.419E-02 -8.161E+06 298 

C~Si 0a(OH) 2 3.0 1800 

SPURRITE 331.0 6. 141E+02 -3.508E-03 -2.493E+06 -4.168E+03 298 

C&s(Si0 ~ 2.0 1300 

TILLEYITE 394.0 7.417E+02 -5.345E-03 -1.435E+06 -5.879E+03 298 

ca SizG7<~>2 4.0 1200 

COBALT-OLIVINE 142.6 3.0583E+02 -3.195E-02 2.693E+05 -2.865E+03 298 

co2sto4 0.2 1100 
60 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR ORTHO AND RING STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS 

NAME AND FOIUIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 Tr~ Tan 4u..Ho 

J •IIIOl-1•1(1 (T) (T"2) (T-o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ•1110l"1 

FAYALITE 151.0 1.7602E+02 -8.808E-03 -3.889£+06 2.471E-05 298 1490 

Fe2sio4 0.2 1490 

ALMANDINE 342.6 8.629£+02 -8.288E-02 1.697E+06 -8.875E+03 298 

F~AL Si~12 1.4 1200 

STAUROLITE 985.0 2.198E+03 7.921E-02 -9.952E+06 -2.474E+04 298 

Fe4At 18si8o46(0H)2 4.0 1000 

OSUMILITE 5.842E+02 1.276E+OO -3.967E+06 -1.556E+03 -6.497E-04 298 

ICMg~L [si oAL 0] J•H o 1000 

CORDIERITE 407.2 8.123E+02 4.334E-02 -8.211E+06 -5.000E+03 298 

Mg~L (AlSi 18 ) 3.8 1700 

FORSTERITE 94.1 8.736E+01 8.717E-02 -3.699E+06 8.436E+02 -2.237E-05 298 

Mg2Sio4 0.1 1800 

PYROPE 266.3 8.730£+02 -1.374E-01 4.500E+03 -8.794E+03 3.341E-05 298 1570 241.0 

Mg3At2si3o12 0.8 1570 

GLASS 346.3 5.138E+02 7.119£-02 -5.857E+05 -2.439£+03 298 

Mg3At 2si3o12 12.0 1020 

GLASS 6.300E+02 3.50E-02 1083 

Mg3At2si3o12 1863 

PYROPE-GROSSULAR ss 268.3+ 3.280E+02 298 

<Ms1•8ca1•2>AL 2si3o12 0.5 

GLASS 311.8+ 3.329£+02 298 

<Ms1•5ca1•5>AL 2si3o12 0.6 

TEPHROITE 155.9 2.613E+02 -1.378E-02 -2.218E+03 298 

Mn2sio4 0.5 1600 

LIEBENBERGITE 128.1 2.897E+02 -2.402E-02 1.310E+05 -2.779E+03 298 

Ni 2sio4 0.2 1300 

Ni2Si04·SPINEL 124.1 1.654E+02 1.412E-02 -4.345E+06 350 

Ni 2sio4 0.4 800 

WILLEMITE 131.4 1.233E+02 298 

zn2sio4 0.8 

ZIRCON 84.0 2.370E+02 -1.788E-02 -1.496E+05 -2.268E+03 298 

ZrSio4 1.3 1600 
CHAIN AND BAND STRUCfURE SILICATES 61 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR CHAIN STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORIIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T range T• A..Ho 

J • .,l-1 ·K"1 (T) n·2> (T-o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ•.,l"1 

WOLLASTONITE 81.7 2.0078E+02 -2.589£-02 -1.579£+05 -1.826E+03 7.434E-06 298 1398 5.93 

CaSi~ 0.1 1400 

PSEUDOWOLLASTONITE 87.2 1.578E+02 -1.045E-03 -6.396E+05 -1.077E+03 298 1821 57.30 

CaSi~ 0.9 1821 

GLASS 94.8 9.689E+01 3.425E-02 -1.804E+06 298 

CaSi~ 3.0 1821 

C&·Al PYROXENE 141.0 4.652E+02 -7.838E-02 6.729E+05 -4.941E+03 1 .934E-05 298 

CaAL2sio6 2.0 1000 

GLASS 155.3 1 .661E+02 298 

CaAl2sio6 0.3 

FERROBUSTAMITE 180.5 4.038E+02 -4.444E-02 -3.757E+03 1 .597E-05 298 

CaFeSiz06 0.3 1600 

HEDENBERGITE 174.2 3.1046E+02 1.257E-02 -1.846E+06 -2.040E+03 298 

CaFeSi2o6 0.3 1300 

GLASS 185.7+ 1.732E+02 298 

CaFeSiz06 0.4 

OIOPSIDE 142.7 4.7025E+02 -9.864E-02 2.454E+05 -4.823E+03 2.813E-05 298 1668 137.70 

CaMgSiz06 0.3 1700 

GLASS 166.0 1 .041E+03 -6.358E-01 6.677E+06 -1.351E+04 2.724E-04 298 

CaMgSiz06 3.0 1400 

FERROSILITE 94.6 1.243E+02 1.454E-02 -3.378E+06 298 

FeSi~ 0.3 800 

Cl· SPOOUMENE 129.3 4.212E+02 -2.401E-02 1.910E+06 -4.776E+03 298 

LiAlSi2o6 0.8 1200 

8-SPOOUMENE 154.4 3.628E+02 -3.684E-03 -3.435E+03 298 

LiALSiz06 1.2 1700 

ENSTATITE 66.3 3.507E+02 -1.472E-01 1.769E+06 -4.296E+03 5.826E-05 298 1834 73.20 

MgSi~ 0.1 1000 

GLASS 74.1 8.205E+01 298 

MgSi~ 0.2 

CLINOENSTATITE 67.9 2.056E+02 -1.280E-02 1. 193E+06 -2.298E+03 298 

MgSi~ 0.4 1600 
62 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR CHAIN STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORJIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 AS T r.,.. Tbn Aa..H· 

J·.,l·t.K'1 (T) n·2, (T-o.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·.,r1 

MgSi~·ILMENITE 60.4 6.912E+01 7.330E-02 1.037E+06 298 

MgSi~ 3.0 700 

HYPERSTHENE 69.0+ 2.079E+02 -1.489E-02 1.921E+05 ·2.135E+03 298 

CMa. 85 Fe. 15 >si~ 0.2 1000 

RHODONITE 100.5 9.904E+01 1.915E·02 ·3.041E+06 2.745E+02 298 

MnSiO;s 1.0 1500 

JADEITE 133.5 3.011E+02 1.014E-02 -2.239E+06 ·2.055E+03 298 

NaAlSi2o6 1.3 1300 

GLASS 170.5 1.663E+02 298 

NaAlSi~6 0.4 

ACMITE 170.6 1.994E+02 6. 197E-02 -4.267E+06 298 

NaFeSi~6 0.8 1300 

TREMOLITE 548.9 6.131E+03 -4. 189E+OO 5.139E+07 -8.566E+04 1.757E-03 298 

ca~g SiSOz2COH> 2 1.3 1100 

GRUNERITE 725.0 7.555E+02 3.620E-01 -1.621E+07 298 

F.,Sis'>22(0H)2 7.0 900 

ANTHOPHI LUTE 534.5 1.260E+03 1.888E-02 ·1.164E+07 -8.127E+03 298 

Mg~is'>22(0H)2 3.5 1200 

RIEBECICITE 691.0 7.721E+02 2.827E-01 -1.598E+07 298 

Na F~Fe SiaP2 COH)2 6.0 1000 

GLAUCOPHANE 541.2 1.718E+03 ·1.211E-01 7.075E+06 -1.927E+04 298 

Na~r~]AL si 22cOH) 2 3.0 1200 
FRAMEWORK SRUCfURE SILICATES 63 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR FRAMEWORK STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS 

NAME AND FOIUIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T ranee T. '-". J·.,r,-IC, (T) u-2> (T.o.&) (T2) K K kJ·.,r1 

EDINGTONITE (ordered) 434.8 4.220E+02 298 

BaAl2si3o10·3HzO 1.5 

ANORTHITE 199.3 5.168E+02 -9.249E-02 -1.408E+06 -4.589E+03 4.188E-05 298 

caAt2s;zo8 0.3 1800 

CaAl2s;20a-slass 237.3 3.752E+02 3.197E-02 -2.815E+06 -2.459E+03 298 1830 133.0 

caAt2sf20a 2.5 1500 4.0 

BICCHULITE 213.1 2.803E+02 8.204E-02 -5.679E+06 298 

CazAl2s;o6(0H>2 5.0 1800 

MEIONITE (ordered) 715.2 9.103E+02 1.9435E-01 -2.300E+07 298 

ca4At6s;6o24to:J 1.0 1000 

DANBURITE 155.3 1.488E+02 2.173E-01 -3.280E+06 298 

caa2si2o8 0.4 1000 

POLLUCITE 207.2 1.128E+02 1 .876E-01 4.556E+05 298 

(Cs. 65 Na. ~b. 03 >At s; 12 ·H o 0.4 700 

MICROCLINE 214.2 7.595E+02 -2. 171E-01 4.746E+06 -9.527E+03 6.433E-05 298 

KAlSi30a 0.4 1400 

SANIDINE 232.8 6.934E+02 -1. 717E-01 3.462E+06 ·8.305E+03 4.919E-05 298 1500 54.0 

KAlSi 3o8 0.5 1400 

GLASS 261.6 6.295E+02 -1.084E-01 2.496E+06 ·7.210E+03 -1.928E-05 298 

KAlSf3o8 1.8 1300 

KALIOPHILLITE 133.3 1.889E+02 5.519E-02 -1.479E+03 298 810 0.5 

KAlSi04 1.2 810 

LEUCITE 200.2 1.4842E+02 1.343E-01 ·2.165E+06 298 

KAlSi 2o6 1.7 955 

LEUCITE 450.1 1.9647E+02 2.7666E-02 1.2261E+07 955 

KAlSi 2o6 2.0 1800 

EUCRYPTITE 103.8 2.470E+02 -1.290E+06 -2.058E+03 298 

LiAlSio4 0.8 1300 

PETALITE 233.2 8.763E+02 -2.079E-01 4.033E+06 -1.069E+04 5.301E·05 298 

LiAlSi4o10 0.6 1300 

ALBITE 207.4 5.839E+02 ·9.285E·02 1.678E+06 ·6.424E+03 2.272E·05 298 

NaAlSi30a 0.4 1400 
64 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR FRAMEYORK STRUCTURE SILICATE MINERALS 

NAME AND FORJIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T rMge T ... 4...H• 

J·•l·1.1(1 (T) CT-2) (T-o.&) (T2) IC K kJ·•r, 

ANALBITE 225.6 6.714E+02 -1.467E-01 3.174E+06 -7.974E+03 3.659E-05 298 1393 64.5 

NaAlSi30a 0.4 1400 

GLASS 251.9 9.180E+02 ·3.824E·01 5.280E+06 ·1.151E+04 1.474E-04 298 

NaAlSi30a 1.5 1200 

NEPHELINE 124.4 2.774E+01 2.954E-01 298 

NaAlSi04 1.3 457 

NEPHELINE 1.1209E+02 6.711E·02 457 

NaAlSi04 1180 

NEPHELINE 338.3 1.720E+02 5.520E-03 1180 

NaAlSi04 2.0 1525 

CARNEGIEITE 118.7 1.1613E+02 8.595E·02 -2.000E+06 273 966 8.5 

NaAlSi04 0.3 966 

CARNEGIEITE 311.1 1.5232E+02 2.883E-02 966 

NaAlSio4 1.5 1700 

GLASS 134.5 3.171E+02 -4.320E-02 4.163E+05 -3.244E+03 272 

NaAlSio4 0.5 1033 

NEPHELINE 1.121E+02 6. 711E-02 467 

(Na.7BK. 22)AlSi04 1180 

ANALCIME 227.7 1.3438E+02 2.5415E·01 1.845E+05 298 

NaAlSi2o6·HzO 0.3 700 

DEHYDRATED ANALCIME 172.5 1.9211E+02 8.0735E-02 ·4.723E+06 298 

NaAlSi2o6 0.2 1000 
SHEET STRUCTURE SILICATES 65 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR SHEET STRUCTURE SILICATES 

NAME AND FORtiJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 AS T rMQe Tun '-". 

J·•r' ·K"' (T) (l"2) n~-•, (T2) IC IC kJ·•l"1 

DICKITE 197.1 9.084E+02 -2.113E-01 3.804E+06 -1.120E+04 298 

Al2st20s(OH)4 1.3 1000 

KAOLINITE 200.4 1.4303E+03 -7.885E-01 8.334E+06 -1.852E+04 3.034E-04 298 

Al2Siz0s(OH)4 0.5 800 

HALLOYSITE 203.0 2.463E+02 298 

Al2Siz0s(OH)4 1.3 

PYROPHYLLITE 239.4 7.468E+02 -5.345E-02 -7.578E+03 1.986E-05 298 

At2st4o10<0H>2 0.4 800 

ILLITE 1104.2 1.291E+03 298 

~e <Al7Mg><At st 14 >o40 <0H> 8 2.5 

MARGARITE 263.6 8.265E+02 -5.040E-01 -8.1274E+03 298 

CaAl2 [Al2St201oJ (OH)2 0.3 1200 

PREHNITE 292.8 9.460E+02 -1.1506E-01 2.755E+06 -1.056E+04 298 

CazAl[Alst3o10J<OH>2 0.1 1200 

MUSCOVITE (df sordered) 306.4 9.1m+o2 -8.111E-02 2.834E+06 -1.035E+04 298 

KAt2[Atst3o10J<OH>2 0.6 1000 

MUSCOVITE (ordered) 287.7 9.1m+o2 -8.111E-02 2.834E+06 -1.035E+04 298 

KAt 2[Atst3o10J<OH>2 0.6 1000 

ANNITE 415.0 6.366E+02 8.208E-02 -4.860E+06 -3.131E+03 298 

ICF~ [AlSt3o1oJ (OH)2 10.0 1000 

PHLOGOPITE (disordered) 334.6 8.639E+02 -7.6076E-02 3.5206E+05 -8.470E+03 298 

ICM~ [AlSf3o10J (OH)2 1.0 1000 

PHLOGOPITE (ordered) 315.9 8.639E+02 -7.6076E-02 3.5206E+05 -8.470E+03 298 

ICM~[AlSf~ oJ (OH)2 1.0 1000 

FLUORPHLOGOPITE (disordered) 336.3 4.9288E+02 4.910£-02 -6.599E+06 -1.569E+03 298 

ICM~ [AlSi3o10J F2 2.1 1670 

FLUORPHLOGOPITE (ordered) 317.6 4.9288E+02 4.910E-02 -6.599E+06 -1.569E+03 298 

ICM~ [AlSi3o10J F2 2.1 1670 

TALC 260.8 5.654E+03 -5.212E+OO 4.021E+07 -7.693E+04 2.129E-03 298 

M~Si 10 (0H) 2 0.6 800 

CHRYSOTILE 221.3 8.996E+02 -1.448E-01 4.500E+06 -1.093E+04 298 

M~Si 0s(OH)4 0.8 900 
66 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COEFFICIENTS FOR HEAT CAPACITY EQUATIONS FOR SHEET STRUCTURE SILICATES 

NAME AND FORIIJLA ENTROPY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 T rMge Tun a_H• 

J·.,r'·K"' (T) n·2> (T-0.&) (T2) IC IC kJ·.,r' 

CLINOCHLORE 421.0 9.47951E+03 -7.8834E+OO 8.31194E+07 -1.3594E+05 3.6206E-03 298 

Mg5Al(AlSf]D1o)(OH)8 15.0 800 

PARAGONITE (df sordered) 295.8 6.6844E+02 3.627E-02 -1.860E+06 -5.816E+03 298 

NaAl2tAlst3o10J(OH)2 0.9 800 

PARAGONITE (ordered) 277.1 6.6844E+02 3.627E-02 -1.860E+06 -5.816E+03 298 

NaAl2tAlSi301oJ (OH)2 0.9 800 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 67 

Thermodynamic Properties at High Temperature of Individual Phases 

SILVER (RBPBRBHCB STATE) Formula wt 107.868 

Ag: Pace-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1234.9 K; liquid 1234.9 to 1800 

K. 

PORMATIOH I'ROK TBB BLBIOUfTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO A too Log Kf 

K J•mol-1•K~ 1 - lcJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.40 42.55 o.oo 42.55 o.o o.o 0.0 

300 25.41 42.71 0.16 42.55 o.o o.o 0.0 

400 25.87 50.08 6.53 43.55 o.o o.o 0.0 

500 26.33 55.90 10.44 45.46 o.o o.o o.o 

600 26.88 60.75 13.14 47.62 o.o o.o o.o 

700 27.52 64.94 15.14 49.80 0.0 o.o o.o 

800 28.24 68.66 16.73 51.93 o.o o.o 0.0 

900 29.03 72.03 18.06 53.98 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 29.86 75.14 19.19 55.94 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 30.73 78.02 20.20 57.82 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 31.64 80.73 21.12 59.62 o.o o.o o.o 

1234.9 31.96 81.73 21.41 60.32 0.0 o.o o.o 

1234.9 33.47 90.88 30.57 60.31 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 33.47 92.52 30.71 61.81 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 33.47 95.00 30.91 64.09 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 33.47 97.31 31.08 66.23 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 33.47 99.47 31.23 68.24 0.0 0.0 0.0 

1700 33.47 101.50 31.36 70.14 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1800 33.47 103.41 31.48 71.93 0.0 o.o 0.0 

Melting T 1234.9 K Boiling T K 

'-.Ho lcJ 

A611H0 11.94 lcJ 

Molar Vol. 1.0272 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 5.745 lcJ 10.272 cm3 

6/18/92 
68 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ALUMINUM (RBFBRBNCB STATE) Pormula wt 26.982 

Al: Pace-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 933.5 X. Liquid 933.5 to 1800 X. 

FORMATION FROM TBB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Loq xf 

X J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 24.21 28.30 o.oo 28.30 o.o o.o o.o 

300 24.25 28.45 0.15 28.30 o.o o.o o.o 

400 25.76 35.65 6.38 29.27 o.o o.o o.o 

500 26.84 41.52 10.37 31.15 o.o o.o o.o 

600 27.90 46.50 13.20 33.31 o.o o.o o.o 

700 29.12 50.89 15.38 35.51 o.o o.o o.o 

800 30.57 54.87 17.19 37.69 o.o o.o o.o 

900 32.30 58.57 18.77 39.80 o.o 0.0 o.o 

933.5 32.96 59.74 19.26 40.48 o.o o.o o.o 

933.5 31.75 71.21 30.73 40.48 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 31.75 73.40 30.81 42.59 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 31.75 76.43 30.89 45.54 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 31.75 79.19 30.96 48.23 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 31.75 81.73 31.00 50.73 o.o o.o 0.0 

1400 31.75 84.08 31.08 53.00 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 31.75 86.27 31.12 55.15 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 31.75 88.32 31.16 57.16 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 31.75 90.25 31.19 59.06 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 31.75 92.06 31.23 60.83 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 933.5 X Boiling T X 

A,J,O kJ 

A611H0 10.71 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 9999 J • bar·1 

H~ 98-Ht, 4.565 kJ 9.999 cm3 

4/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 69 

ARSENIC (REPBRBNCB STATB) Pormula wt 74.922 

As: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to sublimation point 875 K. Ideal tetratomic gas 875 to 

1800 K. 

FORMATION PROM TBB BLBMBMTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (BT-s~ 98 )/T -(GT-s~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•aol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 24.65 35.69 o.oo 35.69 o.o o.o o.o 

300 24.67 35.84 0.15 35.69 o.o o.o o.o 

400 25.38 43.04 6.37 36.66 o.o o.o o.o 

500 25.96 48.77 10.23 38.54 0.0 o.o o.o 

600 26.51 53.55 12.90 40.65 o.o o.o o.o 

700 27.05 57.68 14.88 42.80 0.0 o.o o.o 

800 27.60 61.33 16.43 44.89 0.0 o.o o.o 

875 28.03 63.82 17.31 46.51 o.o o.o o.o 

875 20.60 103.62 57.11 46.51 o.o o.o o.o 

900 20.61 104.14 56.14 48.00 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 20.64 106.31 52.59 53.72 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 20.67 108.28 49.68 58.59 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 20.69 110.08 47.26 62.81 0.0 o.o o.o 

Melting T K Boiling T 875 K 

A..,Jio 34.828 kJ 

A,_B0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.2963 J•bar·• 

B~ 98-B& 5.130 kJ 12.963 cm3 

6/10/92 
70 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

GOLD (RBRRBNCB STATB) Pormula wt 196.967 

Au: Pace-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1336.15 X. 

PORMATION PROM. TBB BLBMBNTS 

T$1llp. co 

p ST (BT-B~ 98 )/T -(Gf-B~ 98 )/T Afao 'tGO Log xf 

X J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.18 47.49 o.oo 47.49 o.o o.o o.o 

300 25.19 47.65 0.16 47.49 0.0 o.o 0.0 

400 25.88 55.00 6.51 48.49 o.o 0.0 0.0 

500 26.26 60.82 10.43 50.39 o.o o.o o.o 

600 26.57 65.63 13.09 52.54 o.o o.o o.o 

700 26.91 69.76 15.04 54.71 o.o o.o o.o 

800 27.36 73.38 16.55 56.83 o.o o.o o.o 

900 27.93 76.63 17.78 58.85 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 28.67 79.61 18.83 60.78 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 29.57 82.38 19.77 62.62 o.o o.o 0.0 

1200 30.66 85.00 20.63 64.37 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 31.95 87.51 21.45 66.06 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1336.15 32.47 88.55 21.80 66.74 o.o o.o 0.0. 

1336.15 33.54 97.94 31.20 66.74 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 32.75 99.34 31.23 68.11 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 31.49 101.54 31.28 70.26 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 30.81 103.54 31.25 72.29 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 30.81 105.39 31.21 74.18 o.o o.o 0.0 

1800 30.81 107.15 31.19 75.96 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 1336.15 X Boiling T X 

A....,Ho kJ 

A._Bo 12.55 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.0215 J•bar·• 

B~ 98-B& 6.017 kJ 10.215 cm3 

01/07/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 71 

BORON (RBFERBRCB STATE) Pormula wt 10.811 

B: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to melting point 2350 K. 

PORMATIOR FROM TBB BLJDIBIITS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T <BT-8 298)/T -(GT-Bl98)/T AfRo AtGO Log~ 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 11.32 5.83 0.00 5.83 0.0 o.o o.o 

300 11.42 5.90 0.07 5.83 0.0 0.0 o.o 

400 15.84 9.84 3.51 6.34 o.o o.o o.o 

500 18.69 13.71 6.28 7.43 o.o o.o o.o 

600 20.69 17.30 8.52 8.78 0.0 o.o 0.0 

700 22.18 20.61 10.37 10.24 0.0 o.o 0.0 

800 23.33 23.65 11.92 11.72 o.o o.o o.o 

900 24.25 26.45 13.24 13.21 0.0 0.0 0.0 

1000 25.01 29.05 14.38 14.66 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1100 25.66 31.46 15.38 16.08 o.o o.o 0.0 

1200 26.21 33.72 16.26 17.46 0.0 0.0 0.0 

1300 26.71 35.83 17.04 18.79 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1400 27.16 37.83 17.75 20.08 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1500 27.57 39.72 18.39 21.33 0.0 0.0 0.0 

1600 27.96 41.51 18.98 22.53 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1700 28.33 43.22 19.52 23.70 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1800 28.69 44.85 20.02 24.83 0.0 0.0 o.o 

Melting T 2350 K Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

Aru.H0 22.55 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 4386 J • bar·1 

8 298-aa 1.22 kJ 4.386 cm3 

6/10/93 
72 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BARIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 137.327 

Ba: a-crystals (body-centered cubic) 298.15 to lambda-anomaly in heat capacity at 582 X. 

P-crystals 582 to second-order lambda-anomaly in heat capacity at 768.13 x. y-crystals 

768.13 to melting point 1002 X. Liquid 1002 to boiling point 2169 X. 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 4fH0 4£Go Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 28.09 62.42 0.00 62.42 o.o o.o o.o 

300 28.14 62.59 0.17 62.42 0.0 0.0 o.o 

400 33.23 71.24 7.68 63.56 o.o o.o o.o 

500 43.74 79.72 13.78 65.94 0.0 0.0 o.o 

582 54.43 86.71 18.19 68.52 0.0 0.0 o.o 

582 32.47 87.13 18.61 68.52 o.o 0.0 o.o 

600 33.94 88.16 19.18 68.97 o.o o.o o.o 

700 . 42.36 94.02 21.89 72.13 o.o o.o o.o 

768 48.10 98.02 23.64 74.38 0.0 o.o o.o 

768 39.07 98.34 23.96 74.38 0.0 0.0 o.o 

800 39.07 99.81 24.56 75.24 0.0 o.o o.o 

900 39.07 104.41 26.17 78.24 0.0 o.o o.o 

1000 39.07 108.52 27.46 81.06 o.o o.o o.o 

1002 39.07 109.34 27.87 81.46 o.o o.o o.o 

1002 40.62 117.07 35.61 81.46 0.0 o.o o.o 

1100 40.37 120.60 36.13 84.48 0.0 o.o o.o 

1200 40.12 124.20 36.57 87.64 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1300 39.86 127.44 36.86 90.58 o.o o.o 0.0 

1400 39.61 130.38 37.08 93.30 0.0 o.o o.o 

1500 39.36 133.08 37.20 95.88 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 39.10 135.58 37.30 98.28 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1700 38.85 137.92 37.37 100.55 0.0 o.o o.o 

1800 38.60 140.13 37.44 102.69 o.o 0.0 o.o 

Melting T 1002 K Boiling T X 

4.,.JIO kJ 

4aJIO 7.749 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.821 J•bar"1 

H~g8-aa 6.912 kJ 38.21 cm3 

6/12/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 73 

BERYLLIUM (REFERENCE STATB) Formula wt 9.012 

Be: Hexagonal close-packed crystals 298.15 to 1550 K; beta crystals 1550 to malting point 

1560 K; liquid 1560 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM 'l'HB ELEMENTS 

Temp. C'o 

lP ST (HT-H398)/T -(GT-8398)/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 16.,44 9.50 o.oo 9.50 o.o o.o 0.0 

300 16.52 9.60 0.10 9.50 o.o o.o o.o 

400 19.64 14.83 4.64 10.19 o.o o.o o.o 

500 21.58 19.43 7.84 11.59 o.o o.o o.o 

600 23.06 23.50 10.26 13.24 o.o o.o o.o 

700 24.32 27.15 12.18 14.97 o.o o.o o.o 

800 25.47 30.47 13.77 16.71 0.0 o.o o.o 

900 26.54 33.54 15.13 18.41 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 27.58 36.39 16.32 20.07 0.0 o.o o.o 

1100 28.59 39.06 17.39 21.67 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1200 29.57 41.59 18.37 23.23 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 30.55 44.00 19.27 24.73 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 31.52 46.30 20.11 26.19 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 32.47 48.51 20.90 27.61 o.o o.o o.o 

1550 32.95 49.58 21.28 28.30 o.o o.o o.o 

1550 30.00 50.94 22.64 28.30 o.o o.o 0.0 

1560 30.00 51.13 22.68 28.45 o.o o.o o.o 

1560 30.00 59.20 30.76 28.44 0.0 o.o o.o 

1600 30.00 59.96 30.74 29.22 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 30.00 61.78 30.70 31.08 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 30.00 63.50 30.66 32.84 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 1560 K Boiling T K 

A..,Ho kJ 

A._HO 12.21 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0.488 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 1.95 kJ 4.88 cm3 

6/18/92 
74 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BISMUTH (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 208.980 

Bi: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to melting point 544.5 K. Liquid 544.5 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.41 56.74 0.00 56.74 0.0 o.o o.o 

300 25.43 56.90 0.16 56.74 0.0 o.o o.o 

400 26.62 64.36 6.61 57.75 0.0 0.0 o.o 

500 28.66 70.50 10.80 59.70 0.0 o.o 0.0· 

544.52 29.83 73.40 12.39 61.01 0.0 o.o o.o 

544.52 30.48 94.15 33.14 61.01 o.o o.o o.o 

600 29.61 96.64 32.76 63.88 0.0 0.0 o.o 

700 28.61 101.13 32.24 68.89 o.o o.o o.o 

800 28.02 104.90 31.74 73.16 0.0 o.o o.o 

900 27.67 108.18 31.31 76.87 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1000 27.45 111.08 30.93 80.15 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1100 27.31 113.69 30.61 83.08 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1200 27.24 116.07 30.33 85.74 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1300 27.19 118.25 30.09 88.16 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1400 27.17 120.26 29.88 90.38 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1500 27.17 122.13 29.70 92.43 0.0 o.o o.o 

1600 27.18 123.89 29.54 94.35 0.0 o.o o.o 

1700 27.19 125.54 29.41 96.14 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1800 27.21 127.09 29.28 97.81 o.o 0.0 o.o 

Melting T 544.52 K Boiling T 1835 K 

A,.JJo kJ 

Aflllao 11.299 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.131 J•bar·• 

H~ 98 -H& 6.43 kJ 21.31 cm3 

4/23/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 75 

BROMINE (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 159.808 

Br2: Liquid 298.15 to boiling point 332.5 K; ideal diatomic gas, P = 1 bar, 332.5 

to 2200 K. 

FORMATION FROM TBB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Bf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mo_l-1 --

298.15 75.67 152.20 o.oo 152.20 o.o o.o 0.0 

300 75.60 152.67 0.47 152.20 o.o o.o o.o 

332.5 75.30 160.43 7.79 152.64 o.o o.o 0.0 

332.5 36.33 249.34 96.70 152.64 o.o o.o o.o 

400 36.71 256.09 86.55 169.54 o.o o.o 0.0 

500 37.08 264.33 76.62 187.71 o.o o.o o.o 

600 37.31 271.11 70.05 201.06 o.o o.o o.o 

700 37.48 276.87 65.39 211.49 o.o o.o o.o 

800 37.60 281.89 61.91 219.98 o.o o.o 0.0 

900 37.70 286.32 59.21 227.11 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 37.78 290.30 57.06 233.23 o.o o.o 0.0 

1100 37.87 293.90 55.31 238.59 o.o o.o 0.0 

1200 37.95 297.20 53.86 243.34 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 38.04 300.24 52.64 247.60 o.o o.o 0.0 

1400 38.14 303.06 51.60 251.46 o.o o.o 0.0 

1500 38.24 305.70 50.71 254.99 o.o o.o 0.0 

1600 38.36 308.17 49.93 258.24 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 38.49 310.50 49.26 261.24 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 38.63 312.70 48.66 264.04 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 265.9 K Boiling T 332.5 1( 

A-Jio 29.56 kJ 

A,..H0 10.57 kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.458 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-Bt, 24.51 kJ 54.58r cm3 

4/23/92 
76 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

GRAPHITE ( REFERENCB STATE) Formula wt 12.011 

C: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 8.52 5.74 o.oo 5.74 o.o o.o o.o 

300 8.59 5.79 0.05 5.74 o.o o.o 0.0 

400 11.88 8.72 2.60 6.12 o.o 0.0 o.o 

500 14.64 11.68 4.75 6.93 o.o o.o o.o 

600 16.79 14.55 6.58 7.97 o.o o.o 0.0 

700 18.47 17.27 8.17 9.10 o.o o.o o.o 

800 19.77 19.82 9.54 10.29 o.o 0.0 0.0 

900 20.80 22.21 10.73 11.48 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1000 21.63 24.45 11.78 12.67 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 22.29 26.54 12.71 13.83 o.o o.o 0.0 

1200 22.83 28.51 13.53 14.98 o.o o.o 0.0 

1300 23.27 30.35 14.26 16.09 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 23.64 32.09 14.92 17.17 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 23.95 33.73 15.51 18.22 o.o o.o 0.0 

1600 24.22 35.29 16.05 19.24 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 24.46 36.76 16.54 20.23 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1800 24.67 38.17 16.98 21.18 o.o o.o 0.0 

Melting T Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

At~~~Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 0.5298 J•bar·• 

H298-H& 1.05 kJ 5.298 CID3 

4/23/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 77 

DIAMOND Formula wt 12.011 

C: CUbic crystals 298.15 to 1600 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ a)/T -(GT-H~ a)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 6.14 2.38 0.00 2.38 1.9 2.9 -0.51 

300 6.21 2.42 0.04 2.38 1.9 2.9 -0.51 

400 10.24 4.76 2.09 2.67 1.7 3.3 -0.43 

500 13.60 7.43 4.07 3.35 1.6 3.7 -0.38 

600 16.12 10.14 5.88 4.26 1.5 4.1 -0.36 

700 18.02 12.77 7.48 5.29 1.4 4.6 -0.34 

BOO 19.48 15.28 8.90 6.38 1.4 5.0 -0.33 

900 20.65 17.64 10.14 7.50 1.3 5.5 -0.32 

1000 21.63 19.87 11.24 8.63 1.3 5.9 -0.31 

1100 22.52 21.98 12.23 9.75 1.4 6.4 -0.30 

1200 23.36 23.97 13.12 10.85 1.4 6.8 -0.30 

1300 24.20 25.87 13.94 11.93 1.5 7.3 -0.29 

1400 25.08 27.70 14.70 13.00 1.6 7.7 -0.29 

1500 26.04 29.46 15.43 14.04 1.8 8.2 -0.28 

1600 27.08 31.18 16.12 15.05 2.0 8.6 -0.28 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A,_H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 3417 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 0.523 kJ 3.417 cm3 

A= 1.37E+OO B= 0.453E-02 C= 1.547E+04 

11/18/92 
78 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CALCIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 40.078 

ca: a-crystals (face-centered cubic) 298.15 to 716 K. ~-crystals (body-centered cubic) 716 

to melting point 1115 K. Liquid 1115 to boiling point 1755 K. Ideal monatomic gas, P 

= 1 bar, 1774 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.77 42.90 o.oo 42.90 o.o o.o o.o 

300 25.79 43.06 0.16 42.90 o.o 0.0 o.o 

400 26.95 50.63 6.71 43.93 o.o o.o o.o 

500 28.48 56.80 10.90 45.90 0.0 o.o o.o 

600 30.34 62.16 13.98 48.17 o.o o.o o.o 

700 32.41 66.98 16.46 50.52 o.o 0.0 o.o 

716 32.74 67.73 16.83 50.90 o.o o.o o.o 

716 31.50 69.03 18.13 50.90 0.0 o.o o.o 

800 33.82 72.65 19.65 52.99 o.o o.o o.o 

900 36.71 76.80 21.39 55.41 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 39.71 80.82 23.07 57.75 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 42.76 84.75 24.72 60.03 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1115 43.23 85.33 24.96 60.37 o.o o.o o.o 

1115 35.00 92.99 32.62 60.32 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1200 35.00 95.55 32.79 62.76 o.o o.o 0.0 

1300 35.00 98.36 32.96 65.40 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 35.00 100.95 33.11 67.84 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 35.00 103.37 33.24 70.13 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 35.00 105.63 33.35 72.28 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 35.00 107.75 33.44 74.31 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1774 35.00 109.23 33.50 75.73 o.o o.o o.o 

1774 20.84 193.25 117.52 75.73 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1800 20.84 193.55 116.12 77.43 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 1115 K Boiling T 1774 K 

AwJIO 330.915 kJ 

A111H0 8.54 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.619 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 5.707 kJ 26.19 cm3 

6/12/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 79 

CADMIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 112.411 

Cd: Hexagonal close packed crystals 298.15 to melting point 594.18 K. Liquid 594.18 to 

boiling point 1039 K. Ideal monatomic gas 1039 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.98 51.80 o.oo 51.80 o.o o.o o.o 

300 26.00 51.96 0.16 51.80 o.o o.o o.o 

400 27.14 59.59 6.76 52.83 o.o o.o o.o 

500 28.37 65.78 10.95 54.82 o.o o.o o.o 

594.18 29.53 70.79 13.81 56.98 o.o o.o o.o 

594.18 29.71 81.21 24.23 56.98 o.o o.o o.o 

600 29.71 81.48 24.28 57.19 o.o o.o o.o 

700 29.71 86.06 25.05 61.00 o.o o.o o.o 

800 29.71 90.03 25.64 64.39 o.o o.o o.o 

900 29.71 93.53 26.09 67.44 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 29.71 96.66 26.45 70.21 o.o o.o o.o 

1039 29.71 97.97 26.52 71.44 o.o o.o o.o 

1039 20.79 193.90 122.45 71.44 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 20.79 194.88 116.81 78.06 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 20.79 196.69 108.81 87.88 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 20.79 198.35 102.04 96.31 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1400 20.79 199.89 96.23 103.65 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 20.79 201.33 91.20 110.12 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 20.79 202.67 86.80 115.86 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 20.79 203.93 82.92 121.01 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 20.79 205.12 79.47 125.65 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 594.18 K Boiling T 1039 K 

vo 99.667 kJ 

A,_HO 6.19 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 3005 J•bar·1 

H~98-H6 6.25 kJ 13.005 cm3 

6/10/92 
80 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CERIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 140.115 

Ce: a-crystals (face-centered cubic) 298.15 to 999 K. '-crystals 999 to melting point 1071 

K. Liquid 1071 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 26.93 72.00 o.oo 72.00 o.o o.o o.o 

300 26.96 72.17 0.17 72.00 o.o o.o o.o 

400 28.29 80.10 7.03 73.07 o.o o.o o.o 

500 29.70 86.57 11.42 75.14 o.o o.o o.o 

600 31.20 92.11 14.59 77.52 o.o o.o o.o 

700 32.77 97.04 17.07 79.96 o.o o.o o.o 

800 34.40 101.52 19.14 82.38 o.o 0.0 o.o 

900 36.07 105.67 20.93 84.74 o.o o.o o.o 

999 37.76 109.35 22.34 87.01 o.o o.o o.o 

999 37.61 112.46 25.45 87.01 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 37.61 112.55 25.52 87.03 0.0 o.o o.o 

1071 37.61 115.19 26.32 88.88 o.o o.o o.o 

1071 37.70 120.29 31.41 88.88 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 37.70 121.24 31.58 89.66 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 37.70 124.52 32.09 92.43 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 37.70 127.53 32.53 95.00 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 37.70 130.33 32.89 97.44 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 37.70 132.93 33.21 99.72 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 37.70 135.36 33.49 101.87 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 37.70 137.65 33.74 103.91 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 37.70 139.80 33.96 105.84 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 1071 K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

Aa.H0 5.46 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.077 J•bar·1 

H~98-H6 7.28 kJ 20.77 cm3 

6/17/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 81 

CHLORINE (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 70.905 

Cl2: Ideal diatomic gas 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (BT-B~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 33.95 223.08 0.00 223.08 o.o o.o o.o 

300 33.98 223.29 0.21 223.08 o.o 0.0 o.o 

400 35.28 233.26 8.83 224.43 o.o o.o o.o 

500 36.05 241.22 14.20 227.02 o.o o.o o.o 

600 36.55 247.84 17.89 229.95 0.0 o.o o.o 

700 36.89 253.50 20.58 232.92 o.o o.o o.o 

800 37.13 258.45 22.63 235.81 o.o o.o o.o 

900 37.31 262.83 24.26 238.58 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 37.45 266.77 25.57 241.20 0.0 o.o o.o 

1100 37.57 270.34 26.65 243.69 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1200 37.67 273.62 27.57 246.05 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1300 37.76 276.64 28.35 248.29 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 37.85 279.44 29.02 250.41 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 37.94 282.05 29.61 252.44 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1600 38.03 284.50 30.14 254.37 0.0 o.o o.o 

1700 38.13 286.81 30.61 256.21 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 38.24 288.99 31.03 257.97 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 172.16 K Boiling T 239.1 K 

Aw,Bo 20.41 kJ 

A .. ao 6.406 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·1 

a~g8-aa 9.18 kJ 24789.7 Clll3 

6/18/92 
82 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COBALT (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 58.933 

Co: a-crystals (hexagonal close packed) 298.15 to 700 K. P-crystals (face-centered cubic) 

700 to melting point 1768 K. Liquid 1768 to 1800 K. Curie point at 1394 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-:'8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 24.81 30.04 o.oo 30.04 o.o o.o o.o 

300 24.85 30.19 0.15 30.04 o.o o.o o.o 

400 26.56 37.58 6.54 31.04 o.o o.o o.o 

500 28.19 43.68 10.71 32.97 o.o o.o o.o 

600 29.70 48.96 13.75 35.21 o.o o.o o.o 

700 31.05 53.64 16.13 37.51 o.o o.o o.o 

700 30.51 54.27 16.78 37.49 o.o o.o o.o 

800 32.58 58.50 18.63 39.88 o.o o.o o.o 

900 34.55 62.45 20.28 42.17 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 36.85 66.20 21.82 44.38 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 39.77 69.84 23.31 46.53 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1200 43.52 73.46 24.83 48.63 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 48.26 77.12 26.45 50.67 o.o o.o o.o 

1394 53.70 80.67 28.15 52.52 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 44.22 80.88 28.24 52.64 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 39.75 83.72 29.12 54.61 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 38.28 86.23 29.73 56.50 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 37.78 88.53 30.21 58.32 o.o o.o o.o 

1768 37.74 90.00 30.50 59.50 o.o o.o o.o 

1768 40.50 99.16 39.66 59.50 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 40.50 99.98 39.68 60.30 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 1768 K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A.ao 16.19 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 667 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-aa 4.766 kJ 6.67 cm3 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 83 

CHROMIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 51.996 

Cr: Body-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 2130 K. Neel temperature 311.5 It. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (BT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 23.47 23.62 o.oo 23.62 o.o o.o o.o 

300 23.53 23.77 0.14 23.62 o.o o.o 0.0 

311.50 23.81 24.66 0.98 23.64 0.0 0.0 o.o 

400 25.64 30.88 6.31 24.58 o.o o.o o.o 

500 26.56 36.71 10.27 26.44 0.0 0.0 0.0 

600 27.35 41.62 13.05 28.57 o.o o.o o.o 

700 28.27 45.90 15.16 30.75 0.0 0.0 o.o 

800 29.37 49.75 16.86 32.89 0.0 0.0 0.0 

900 30.65 53.28 18.32 34.96 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1000 32.09 56.58 19.63 36.96 0.0 0.0 0.0 

1100 33.67 59.71 20.83 38.88 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1200 35.38 62.71 21.97 40.75 o.o o.o 0.0 

1300 37.19 65.62 23.07 42.55 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1400 39.11 68.44 24.15 44.30 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 41.11 71.21 25.21 46.00 0.0 o.o o.o 

1600 43.19 73.93 26.27 47.66 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 45.35 76.61 27.33 49.28 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1800 47.57 79.27 28.39 50.88 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 2130 K Boiling T 2945 K 

vo 344.31 kJ 

A,_ao 16.933 kJ 

Molar Vol. o. 7231 J•bar·1 

B~ 98-B& 4.058 kJ 7.231 cm3 

5/26/93 
84 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CESIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 132.905 

Ca: Body-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 301.55 K. Liquid 301.55 to boiling 

point 947.96 K. Ideal monatomic gas, P = 1 bar, 942 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 32.19 85.23 o.oo 85.23 o.o 0.0 0.0 

300 32.35 85.43 0.16 85.27 0.0 o.o o.o 

301.55 32.50 85.60 0.33 85.27 o.o 0.0 o.o 

301.55 32.39 92.52 7.25 85.27 o.o o.o o.o 

400 31.51 101.54 13.34 88.20 o.o o.o o.o 

500 31.15 108.53 16.94 91.59 o.o o.o o.o 

600 30.99 114.20 19.29 94.90 o.o o.o o.o 

700 30.94 118.97 20.96 98.01 o.o 0.0 0.0 

800 30.93 123.10 22.21 100.89 0.0 o.o o.o 

900 30.95 126.75 23.18 103.57 o.o o.o o.o 

947.96 30.97 128.36 23.57 104.78 o.o o.o o.o 

947.96 20.78 199.73 94.95 104.78 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 20.78 200.84 91.09 109.75 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1100 20.78 202.82 84.70 118.12 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1200 20.79 204.63 79.37 125.26 0.0 0.0 0.0 

1300 20.79 206.29 74.86 131.43 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 20.81 207.84 71.00 136.83 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 20.84 209.27 67.66 141.61 0.0 o.o o.o 

1600 20.88 210.62 64.73 145.88 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 20.95 211.89 62.16 149.73 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 21.04 213.09 59.87 153.22 0.0 o.o o.o 

Melting T 301.55 K Boiling T 942 K 

Aw,Ho 67.71 kJ 

A._ao 2.09 kJ 

Molar Vol. 6.973 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 7.71 kJ 69.73 cm3 

6/11/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 85 

COPPER (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 63.546 

Cu: Face-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1357.8 K. Liquid 1357.8 to 

1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 24.43 33.14 0.00 33.14 o.o o.o o.o 

300 24.45 33.29 0.15 33.14 o.o o.o o.o 

400 25.34 40.45 6.34 34.11 o.o o.o o.o 

500 25.99 46.18 10.21 35.97 o.o o.o o.o 

600 26.48 50.96 12.88 38.08 0.0 o.o o.o 

700 26.92 55.08 14.85 40.22 o.o o.o o.o 

800 27.40 58.70 16.39 42.31 0.0 o.o o.o 

900 27.97 61.96 17.65 44.31 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 28.69 64.94 18.71 46.23 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 29.57 67.72 19.66 48.06 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 30.65 70.34 20.53 49.81 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 31.93 72.84 21.35 51.48 o.o o.o o.o 

1357.8 32.77 74.25 21.82 52.43 o.o o.o o.o 

1357.8 32.80 83.94 31.51 52.43 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 32.80 84.95 31.55 53.40 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 32.80 87.21 31.63 55.58 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 32.80 89.32 31.70 57.62 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 32.80 91.32 31.77 59.55 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 32.80 93.19 31.82 61.37 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 1357.8 K Boiling T K 

A,.Ho kJ 

A1111H0 13.14 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 7113J•bar·• 

8~ 98-Ht, 5.00 kJ 7.113 cm3 

5/28/93 
86 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

FLUORINE (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 37.997 

F2: Ideal diatomic gas at P • 1 bar 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 31.31 202.79 o.oo 202.79 o.o o.o o.o 

300 31.35 202.98 0.19 202.79 o.o 0.0 0.0 

400 33.14 212.27 8.23 204.04 o.o o.o o.o 

500 34.28 219.80 13.33 206.47 o.o o.o 0.0 

600 35.11 226.12 16.89 209.23 o.o o.o o.o 

700 35.75 231.59 19.54 212.04 o.o o.o o.o 

800 36.27 236.40 21.60 214.79 o.o o.o 0.0 

900 36.70 240.69 23.26 217.43 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 37.07 244.58 24.62 219.96 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 37.38 248.13 25.77 222.36 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 37.66 251.39 26.75 224.64 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 37.89 254.42 27.60 226.82 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 38.10 257.23 28.34 228.89 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1500 38.28 259.87 29.00 230.87 0.0 o.o o.o 

1600 38.44 262.34 29.58 232.76 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1700 38.57 264.68 30.11 234.57 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 38.69 266.89 30.58 236.31 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 53.48 K Boiling T 84.95 K 

A...,Ho 6.54 kJ 

A1111H0 0.51 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·• 

a~98-aa 8.82 kJ 24789.7 CID3 

6/03/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 87 

IRON (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 55.847 

Fe: Body-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to 1185 K. Curie point 1043 K; face-centered cubic 

crystals 1185 to 1667 K; body-centered cubic crystals 1667 to melting point 1809 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.08 27.09 0.00 27.08 o.o o.o o.o 

300 25.13 27.24 0.16 27.08 o.o o.o o.o 

400 27.43 34.80 6.69 28.10 o.o o.o o.o 

500 29.64 41.15 11.06 30.09 o.o o.o 0.0 

600 32.01 46.76 14.35 32.41 o.o o.o o.o 

700 34.62 51.89 17.06 34.83 o.o 0.0 0.0 

800 37.92 56.72 19.45 37.27 0.0 o.o o.o 

900 43.16 61.46 21.76 39.70 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1000 54.46 66.50 24.39 42.11 o.o o.o 0.0 

1043 83.77 69.14 25.97 43.18 o.o o.o 0.0 

1100 44.35 71.91 27.31 44.60 o.o o.o 0.0 

1185 40.00 75.01 28.33 46.67 o.o o.o 0.0 

1185 33.78 75.77 29.10 46.67 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 33.90 76.19 29.16 47.04 o.o o.o 0.0 

1300 34.81 78.94 29.56 49.38 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 35.75 81.56 29.97 51.59 0.0 o.o o.o 

1500 36.69 84.06 30.38 53.67 o.o o.o 0.0 

1600 37.63 86.45 30.81 55.65 o.o o.o o.o 

1667 38.26 88.01 31.09 56.92 o.o o.o o.o 

1667 40.40 88.52 31.60 56.92 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 41.45 89.32 31.78 57.54 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 44.65 91.78 32.41 59.37 0.0 o.o o.o 

Melting T 1809 K Boiling T K 

A.,.Jio kJ 

Ag~~o 13.81 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 7092 J•bar-1 

H~ 98-H& 4.51 kJ 7.092 cm3 

4/29/92 
88 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

GERMANIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 72.61 

Ge: Face-centered cubic crystals (diamond structure) 298.15 to 1211.4 K. Liquid 1211.4 to 

boiling point 3107 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 23.22 31.09 o.oo 31.09 0.0 o.o o.o 

300 23.25 31.23 0.14 31.09 o.o 0.0 o.o 

400 24.31 38.08 6.06 32.02 0.0 0.0 o.o 

500 24.96 43.58 9.78 33.80 o.o 0.0 0.0 

600 25.45 48.18 12.36 35.82 o.o o.o o.o 

700 25.87 52.13 . 14.26 37.88 o.o 0.0 o.o 

800 26.24 55.61 15.73 39.88 o.o o.o o.o 

900 26.59 58.72 16.92 41.80 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1000 26.93 61.54 17.90 43.64 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1100 27.25 64.12 18.74 45.39 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1200 27.57 66.51 19.46 47.05 0.0 o.o o.o 

1211.4 27.61 66.77 19.54 47.23 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1211.4 27.60 97.34 50.11 47.23 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1300 27.60 99.29 48.57 50.72 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 27.60 101.33 47.07 54.26 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1500 27.60 103.24 45.78 57.46 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1600 27.60 105.02 44.64 60.38 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1700 27.60 106.69 43.64 63.05 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1800 27.60 108.27 42.75 65.52 o.o 0.0 0.0 

Melting T 1211.4 K Boiling T 3107 K 

A~o 330.92 kJ 

AuH0 37.03 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.363 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 4.64 kJ 13.63 cm3 

6/12/92 
TIIERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IHGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 89 

HYDROGEN ( RBFERBNCB STATE) Formula wt 2.016 

H2 : Ideal diatomic gas at P • 1 bar 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log l(f 

I( J•mol-1·1(-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 28.82 130.68 o.oo 130.68 o.o o.o o.o 

300 28.84 130.86 0.18 130.68 o.o o.o o.o. 

400 29.24 139.23 7.41 131.82 0.0 o.o o.o 

500 29.25 145.76 11.78 133.98 o.o o.o o.o 

600 29.29 151.09 14.69 136.40 o.o o.o o.o 

700 29.41 155.61 16.78 138.83 o.o o.o o.o 

800 29.62 159.55 18.38 141.18 o.o o.o o.o 

900 29.90 163.06 19.64 143.42 o.o o.o 0.0 

1000 30.24 166.23 20.68 145.54 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 30.61 169.13 21.57 147.56 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 31.01 171.81 22.34 149.47 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 31.43 174.31 23.02 151.28 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 31.86 176.65 23.64 153.01 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 32.29 178.86 24.20 154.66 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 32.71 180.96 24.72 156.24 o.o o.o o.o 

17 33.12 182.96 25.20 157.75 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 33.53 184.86 25.65 159.21 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 13.80 I( Boiling T 20.27 I( 

AwJIO 0.904 kJ 

A._HO 0.117 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-Ht, 8.468 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

4/29/92 
90 TIIERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MERCURY (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 200.59 

Hg: Liquid 298.15 to boiling point 629.0 K. Ideal monatonic gas at P • 1 bar, 629.0 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 27.96 75.90 0.00 75.90 o.o o.o o.o 

300 27.95 76.07 0.17 75.90 o.o o.o o.o 

400 27.41 84.03 7.04 76.99 o.o o.o o.o 

500 27.17 90.12 11.09 79.03 o.o o.o o.o 

600 27.14 95.07 13.76 81.31 o.o o.o o.o 

629.0 27.17 96.35 14.38 81.97 o.o o.o o.o 

629.0 20.79 190.49 108.52 81.97 o.o o.o o.o 

700 20.79 192.71 99.62 93.09 o.o o.o o.o 

800 20.79 195.48 89.77 105.71 o.o o.o o.o 

900 20.79 197.93 82.10 115.83 0.0 o.o o.o 

1000 20.79 200.12 75.97 124.15 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 20.79 202.10 70.96 131.14 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 20.79 203.91 66.78 137.14 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 20.79 205.58 63.24 142.34 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 20.79 207.12 60.21 146.91 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 20.79 208.55 57.58 150.97 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 20.79 209.89 55.28 154.61 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1700 20.79 211.15 53.25 157.90 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 20.79 212.34 51.45 160.89 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 234.32 K Boiling T 629.0 K 

A~o 59.214 kJ 

A ... ao 2.297 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.4822 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 9.343 kJ 14.822 cm3 

01/07/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 91 

IODINE (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 253.809 

I2: Crystals 298.15 to melting point 386.8 K; liquid 386.8 to boiling point 457.7 K; ideal 

diatomic gas, P•1 bar, 457.7 to 2200 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 54.44 116.14 o.oo 116.14 o.o o.o o.o 

300 54.51 116.48 0.34 116.14 o.o o.o o.o 

386.8 63.54 131.22 13.32 117.90 0.0 o.o 0.0 

386.8 80.67 171.34 53.44 117.90 o.o o.o o.o 

400 80.67 174.06 54.35 119.71 o.o o.o o.o 

457.7 80.67 184.93 57.67 127.26 o.o o.o o.o 

457.7 37.39 276.61 149.35 127.26 o.o o.o o.o 

500 37.48 279.93 139.88 140.06 o.o o.o o.o 

600 37.53 286.77 122.82 163.96 0.0 o.o o.o 

700 37.55 292.56 110.63 181.93 o.o o.o o.o 

800 37.62 297.58 101.50 196.08 0.0 o.o 0.0 

900 37.76 302.01 94.41 207.61 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1000 37.96 306.00 88.75 217.25 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 38.23 309.63 84.15 225.48 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 38.56 312.97 80.34 232.64 0.0 o.o o.o 

1300 38.93 316.07 77.14 238.94 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1400 39.34 318.97 74.42 244.55 0.0 o.o o.o 

1500 39.79 321.70 72.10 249.61 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 40.27 324.29 70.09 254.19 o.o o.o 0.0 

1700 40.78 326.74 68.35 258.39 o.o o.o 0.0 

1800 41.31 329.09 66.84 262.25 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 386.8 K Boiling T 457.7 K 

AwJIO 41.96 kJ 

A8 H0 15.52 kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.129 J•bar·1 

s~98-sa 13.20 kJ 51.29 cm3 

4/29/92 
92 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

POTASSIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 39.098 

K: Crystals 298.15 to melting point 336.4 K; liquid 336.4 to boiling point 1039.5 K; ideal 

monatomic gas, P=1 bar, 1039.5 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 29.50 64.67 o.oo 64.67 o.o o.o o.o 

300 29.57 64.85 0.18 64.67 0.0 o.o o.o 

336.4 34.57 68.37 3.49 64.88 0.0 o.o o.o 

336.4 32.14 75.31 10.43 64.88 0.0 o.o o.o 

400 31.50 80.82 13.83 66.99 0.0 o.o o.o 

500 30.70 87.76 17.28 70.48 o.o o.o 0.0 

600 30.14 93.31 19.47 73.84 0.0 o.o o.o 

700 29.82 97.92 20.97 76.95 o.o 0.0 0.0 

800 29.76 101.90 22.07 79.83 o.o o.o o.o 

900 29.94 105.41 22.93 82.48 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 30.36 108.59 23.65 84.94 o.o o.o o.o 

1039.5 30.60 109.77 23.91 85.86 0.0 o.o o.o 

1039.5 20.79 186.30 100.44 85.86 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1100 20.79 187.48 96.07 91.41 0.0 o.o o.o 

1200 20.79 189.28 89.78 99.50 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1300 20.79 190.95 84.48 106.47 0.0 o.o o.o 

1400 20.79 192.49 79.93 112.56 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1500 20.80 193.92 75.99 117.93 o.o o.o 0.0 

1600 20.81 195.27 72.54 122.73 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 20.84 196.53 69.50 127.03 0.0 o.o o.o 

1800 20.87 197.72 66.80 130.92 0.0 o.o o.o 

Melting T 336.4 K Boiling T 1039.5 K 

AvaJIO 79.92 kJ 

At'UIH 0 2.33 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4 • 536 J • bar·• 

H~ 98 -H& 7.09 kJ 45.36 cm3 

4/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 93 

LITHIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 6.941 

Li: Crystals 298.15 to melting point 453.2 K; liquid 453.7 K to boiling point 1620 K; ideal 

monatomic gas, P•1 bar, 1620 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 24.62 29.09 0.00 29.09 o.o o.o 0.0 

300 24.67 29.24 0.15 29.08 0.0 o.o 0.0 

400 27.61 36.70 6.62 30.08 o.o o.o o.o 

453.7 29.39 40.29 9.21 31.08 o.o o.o 0.0 

453.7 30.39 46.90 15.82 31.08 o.o o.o o.o 

500 30.13 49.84 17.16 32.69 o.o o.o o.o 

600 29.54 55.28 19.27 36.01 o.o o.o o.o 

700 28.99 59.79 20.70 39.10 o.o o.o o.o 

800 28.94 63.66 21.73 41.93 o.o o.o 0.0 

900 28.89 67.07 22.53 44.54 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 28.84 70.11 23.16 46.95 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 28.79 72.85 23.67 49.18 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 28.74 75.36 24.10 51.26 o.o o.o 0.0 

1300 28.70 77.66 24.45 53.20 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 28.62 79.78 24.75 55.02 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1500 28.54 81.75 25.01 56.74 0.0 o.o o.o 

1600 28.45 83.59 25.23 58.36 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1620 28.43 83.95 25.27 58.68 o.o o.o o.o 

1620 20.79 173.97 115.30 58.67 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 20.80 174.97 110.85 64.12 o.o o.o 0.0 

1800 20.81 176.16 105.85 70.31 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 453.2 K Boiling T 1620 K 

A.,.Jio 145.84 kJ 

AgHO 3.00 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.3017 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB 4.62 kJ 13.017 cm3 

4/29/92 
94 niERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MAGNESIUM ( REFERENCB STATE) Formula wt 24.305 

Mg: Hexagonal close-packed crystals 298.15 to melting point 923 K. Liquid 923 to boiling 

point 1366.1 K. Ideal monatomic gas, P • 1 bar, 1366.1 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hi--H398 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 24.87 32.67 o.oo 32.67 o.o o.o o.o 

300 24.90 32.82 0.15 32.67 o.o o.o o.o 

400 26.14 40.17 6.50 33.66 o.o o.o o.o 

500 27.18 46.11 10.54 35.58 o.o 0.0 o.o 

600 28.20 51.16 13.39 37.76 o.o o.o o.o 

700 29.29 55.58 15.59 40.00 o.o 0.0 o.o 

800 30.51 59.57 17.37 42.20 o.o 0.0 0.0 

900 31.90 63.25 18.91 44.34 o.o o.o 0.0 

923 32.24 64.05 19.23 44.82 0.0 o.o 0.0 

923 34.31 73.23 28.42 44.82 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 34.31 75.98 28.87 47.11 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 34.31 79.25 29.36 49.89 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 34.91 82.24 29.78 52.46 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 34.31 84.98 30.12 54.86 o.o o.o 0.0 

1366.1 34.31 86.69 30.33 56.36 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1366.1 20.79 180.29 123.93 56.36 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1400 20.79 180.80 121.43 59.34 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1500 20.79 182.23 114.72 67.49 o.o o.o 0.0 

1600 20.79 183.57 108.85 74.72 o.o o.o 0.0 

1700 20.79 184.83 103.67 81.16 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 20.79 186.02 99.07 86.95 0.0 o.o 0.0 

Melting T 923 X Boiling T 1361.1 K 

A_,Ho 127.87 kJ 

A111H0 8.477 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.3996 J•bar·• 

a~98-aa 5.00 kJ 13.996 cm3 

4/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 95 

MANGANESE (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 54.938 

Mn: a-crystals 298.15 to 980 K. P-crystals 980 to 1360 K. y-crystals 1360 to 1410 K. Acrystals 1410 to melting point 1517 K. Liquid 1517 to boiling point 2335 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 26.19 32.01 o.oo 32.01 0.0 0.0 o.o 

300 26.23 32.17 0.16 32.01 0.0 o.o o.o 

400 28.30 40.01 6.95 33.07 0.0 o.o 0.0 

500 30.16 46.53 11.40 35.13 o.o o.o o.o 

600 31.89 52.18 14.68 37.50 0.0 o.o 0.0 

700 33.49 57.22 17.25 39.97 o.o o.o o.o 

800 34.93 61.79 19.37 42.42 o.o o.o o.o 

900 36.18 65.98 21.17 44.81 o.o o.o o.o 

980 37.04 69.05 22.35 46.70 o.o o.o o.o 

980 37.59 71.40 24.70 46.70 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1000 37.68 72.12 24.96 47.16 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 38.11 75.73 26.14 49.59 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 38.54 79.07 27.15 51.92 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 38.97 82.17 28.04 54.13 o.o o.o o.o 

1360 39.15 84.01 28.52 55.49 o.o o.o o.o 

1360 42.41 84.97 29.48 55.49 o.o o.o o.o 

140() 43.43 86.75 30.47 56.28 o.o o.o o.o 

141() 43.51 87.07 30.56 56.51 o.o o.o o.o 

141() 45.23 88.41 31.89 56.52 o.o 0.0 0.0 

150() 45.97 91.21 32.72 58.49 o.o o.o o.o 

1517 46.11 91.86 32.87 59.00 o.o o.o 0.0 

151"7 46.02 99.81 40.81 59.00 o.o o.o o.o 

160() 46.02 102.13 41.08 61.05 o.o o.o 0.0 

170() 46.02 104.92 41.38 63.55 o.o o.o o.o 

180() 46.02 107.55 41.63 65.92 0.0 o.o o.o 

Mel1:ing T 1517 K Boiling T 2335 K 

AvaJio kJ 

Aru.H0 12.06 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 7354 J•bar·1 

H~9:B-H& 4.996 kJ 7.354 cm3 

1/31/92 
96 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MOLYBDENUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 95.94 

Mo: Body-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 23.90 28.66 o.oo 28.66 o.o o.o o.o 

300 23.92 28.81 0.15 28.66 0.0 0.0 o.o 

400 25.05 35.86 6.24 29.61 o.o o.o o.o 

500 25.86 41.54 10.09 31.45 0.0 o.o o.o 

600 26.47 46.31 12.77 33.54 o.o o.o o.o 

700 26.99 50.43 14.76 35.66 o.o o.o 0.0 

800 27.46 54.06 16.32 37.74 o.o o.o 0.0 

900 27.92 57.32 17.58 39.74 o.o o.o 0.0 

1000 28.40 60.29 18.64 41.65 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 28.92 63.02 19.55 43.47 0.0 o.o o.o 

1200 29.49 65.56 20.36 45.20 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 30.11 67.95 21.08 46.86 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1400 30.80 70.20 21.75 48.45 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1500 31.56 72.35 22.38 49.97 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 32.40 74.42 22.98 51.44 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 33.31 76.41 23.56 52.85 0.0 o.o o.o 

1800 34.30 78.34 24.13 54.21 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 2890 K Boiling T 4912 K 

AwJIO 598.07 kJ 

A,.H0 32.54 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 9387 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 4.594 kJ 9.387 cm3 

4/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 97 

NITROGEN (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 28.013 

N2 : Ideal diatomic gas at P = 1 bar 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 29.13 191.61 o.oo 191.61 o.o o.o o.o 

300 29.13 191.79 0.18 191.61 o.o o.o o.o 

400 29.24 200.17 7.42 192.75 0.0 o.o o.o 

500 29.70 206.74 11.83 194.92 o.o o.o o.o 

600 30.26 212.21 14.85 197.35 o.o 0.0 o.o 

700 30.86 216.91 17.09 199.82 o.o 0.0 0.0 

800 31.45 221.07 18.85 202.22 o.o o.o 0.0 

900 32.03 224.81 20.29 204.53 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1000 32.58 228.22 21.49 206.73 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 33.10 231.35 22.52 208.83 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 33.58 234.25 23.42 210.83 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 34.03 236.95 24.22 212.73 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 34.45 239.49 24.94 214.55 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 34.82 241.88 25.58 216.30 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 35.16 244.14 26.17 217.97 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 35.45 246.28 26.71 219.57 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 35.71 248.31 27.20 221.11 o.o o.o 0.0 

Melting T 63.14 K Boiling T 77.35 It 

A,..))o 5.586 kJ 

A,..ao 0.720 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar-1 

H~ 98-H& 8.669 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

6/19/92 
98 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SODIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 22.990 

Na: Body-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 371 K; liquid 371 to fictive 

boiling point 1170.5 K. Ideal monotomic gas, P=1 bar, 1170.5 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p so T (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T Afao 4fGo Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 28.15 51.46 o.oo 51.46 o.o o.o o.o 

300 28.20 51.63 0.17 51.46 0.0 o.o o.o 

371 31.83 57.90 5.80 52.10 o.o o.o o.o 

371 31.83 64.92 12.82 52.10 0.0 o.o o.o 

400 31.51 67.30 14.18 53.12 0.0 o.o o.o 

500 30.55 74.22 17.54 56.68 0.0 o.o o.o 

600 29.81 79.73 19.66 60.07 0.0 o.o o.o 

700 29.27 84.28 21.06 63.22 o.o o.o o.o 

800 28.94 88.16 22.06 66.10 o.o o.o o.o 

900 28.84 91.56 22.82 68.74 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 28.94 94.61 23.43 71.18 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 29.26 97.38 23.94 73.44 o:o o.o o.o 

1170.5 29.61 99.21 24.28 74.93 o .• o o.o 0.0 

1170.5 20.79 182.09 107.16 74.93 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1200 20.79 182.61 105.04 77.57 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1300 20.79 184.28 98.56 85.72 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 20.79 185.82 93.01 92.81 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1500 20.79 187.25 88.19 99.06 0.0 o.o o.o 

1600 20.79 188.59 83.97 104.62 0.0 0.0 0.0 

1700 20.79 189.85 80.26 109.59 o .•. o o.o 0.0 

1800 20.79 191.04 76.96 114.08 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 371 K Boiling T 1170.5 K 

4..,Ho 97.610 kJ 

4a.H0 2.598 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.381 J•bar-1 

a~98-aa 6.460 kJ 23.81. cm3 

4/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 99 

NICKEL ( REFBRENCB STATE) Formula wt 58.69 

Ni: Face-centered cubic crystals (magnetic) to Curie point 631 K; nonmagnetic 631 to 

melting point 1728 K; liquid 1728 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.99 29.87 o.oo 29.87 o.o o.o o.o 

300 26.05 30.03 0.16 29.87 o.o o.o o.o 

400 28.38 37.87 6.95 30.92 o.o o.o o.o 

500 30.82 44.45 11.46 32.99 o.o o.o o.o 

600 34.85 50.39 15.,00 35.40 o.o o.o o.o 

631 39.83 52.26 16.08 36.19 o.o o.o 0.0 

700 30.79 55.58 17.63 37.94 o.o o.o 0.0 

800 31.00 59.10 19.29 39.81 o.o o.o 0.0 

900 31.59 63.38 20.62 42.76 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 32.22 66.74 21.75 44.99 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 32.93 69.85 22.73 47.11 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 33.68 72.74 23.61 49.13 o.o o.o 0.0 

1300 34.52 75.47 24.42 51.05 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 35.40 78.06 25.17 52.89 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 36.32 80.53 25.88 54.65 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 37.28 82.91 26.57 56.34 o.o o.o 0.0 

1700 38.28 85.20 27.23 57.97 o.o o.o o.o 

1728 38.54 85.83 27.41 58.42 o.o o.o o.o 

1728 38.91 95.75 37.34 '58.42 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 38.91 97.34 37.40 59.94 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 1728 K Boiling T K 

A.,..Ho kJ 

Aa.H0 17.16 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 6588 J • bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 4.79 kJ 6.588 cm3 

4/29/92 
100 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

OXYGEN (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 31.999 

02: Ideal diatomic gas at P • 1 bar 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 29.35 205.15 o.oo 205.15 0.0 o.o o.o 

300 29.35 205.33 0.18 205.15 o.o o.o o.o 

400 30.04 213.85 7.54 206.31 o.o 0.0 o.o 

500 31.12 220.67 12.15 208.52 0.0 o.o o.o 

600 32.14 226.43 15.40 211.04 o.o o.o o.o 

700 33.00 231.45 17.85 213.60 o.o o.o o.o 

800 33.72 235.91 19.79 216.12 o.o 0.0 o.o 

900 34.33 239.92 21.37 218.54 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 34.85 243.56 22.70 220.86 o.o o.o 0.0 

1100 35.29 246.90 23.82 223.08 o.o o.o 0.0 

1200 35.67 249.99 24.79 225.20 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 36.00 252.86 25.64 227.22 o.o o.o 0.0 

1400 36.31 255.54 26.39 229.14 o.o o.o 0.0 

1500 36.58 258.05 27.06 230.99 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 36.84 260.42 27.67 232.75 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 37.08 262.66 28.21 234.45 o.o o.o 0.0 

1800 37.32 264.79 28.71 236.08 0.0 o.o o.o 

Melting T 54.35 K Boiling T 90.18 K 

AowJiO 6.816 kJ 

A_ao 0.444 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar"1 

8~ 98-Bt, 8.682 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

4/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 101 

PHOSPHORUS (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 30.974 

P: Crystals (white, a) 298.15 to melting pc~int 317.3 K. Liquid 317.3 to sublimation point 

1180 K. Ideal diatomic gas 1180 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -· (Gf-H~ 98 ) /T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 23.82 41.09 0.00 41.08 0.0 0.0 o.o 

300 23.87 41.22 0.14 41.08 o.o o.o o.o 

317.3 24.35 42.57 1.45 41.12 o.o o.o o.o 

317.3 26.32 44.65 3.53 41.12 o.o o.o o.o 

400 26.32 50.75 8.24 42.51 o.o o.o o.o 

500 26.32 56.62 11.86 44.76 o.o o.o o.o 

600 26.32 61.42 14.27 47.15 o.o o.o o.o 

700 26.32 65.48 15.99 49.49 o.o o.o o.o 

800 26.32 68.99 17.28 51.71 o.o o.o o.o 

900 26.32 72.09 18.29 53.80 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1000 26.32 74.87 19.09 55.78 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 26.32 77.38 19.75 57.63 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1180 26.32 79.22 20.19 59.03 o.o o.o o.o 

1180 18.54 133.23 74.20 59.03 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1200 18.55 133.54 73.27 60.27 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1300 18.60 135.03 69.07 65.96 0.0 o.o o.o 

1400 18.64 136.41 65.46 70.95 0.0 o.o o.o 

1500 18.68 137.70 62.34 75.36 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1600 18.72 138.91 59.62 79.29 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1700 18.75 140.04 57.21 82.83 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 18.77 141.11 55.08 86.03 0.0 0.0 o.o 

Melting T 317.3 K Boiling T 1180 K 

A.,.Jio 63.84 kJ 

Atu.H0 0.659 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 73 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB 5.36 kJ 17.3 cm3 

6/18/92 
102 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

LEAD (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 207.2 

Pb: Face-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 600.6 K. Liquid 600.6 to boiling 

point 2021 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 26.65 64.80 o.oo 64.80 o.o o.o o.o 

300 26.67 64.96 0.16 64.80 o.o o.o o.o 

400 27.79 72.80 6.94 65.86 o.o o.o o.o 

500 28.78 79.10 11.21 67.89 o.o o.o o.o 

600 29.74 84.44 14.22 70.22 o.o o.o o.o 

600.6 29.74 84.47 14.23 70.24 o.o o.o o.o 

600.6 30.63 92.48 22.24 70.24 o.o o.o 0.0 

700 30.31 97.15 23.41 73.74 o.o o.o o.o 

800 29.98 101.17 24.25 76.92 o.o o.o o.o 

900 29.66 104.68 24.87 79.81 o.o o.o 0.0 

1000 29.37 107.79 25.34 82.45 o.o o.o 0.0 

1100 29.17 110.58 25.69 84.89 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 28.90 113.10 25.97 87.13 o.o o.o 0.0 

1300 28.73 115.41 26.19 89.22 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 28.60 117.54 26.36 91.18 o.o o.o 0.0 

1500 28.51 119.50 26.51 92.99 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 28.46 121.34 26.63 94.71 o.o o.o 0.0 

1700 28.45 123.07 26.74 96.33 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 28.48 124.70 26.84 97.86 o.o o.o 0.0 

Melting T 600.65 K Boiling T 2021 K 

A...Jio 177.7 kJ 

A._H0 4.81 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.8267 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 6.870 kJ 18.267 cm3 

6/17/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 103 

PLATINUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 195.08 

pt: Face-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 2042 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -· (GT-a~ 98 ) /T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.81 41.63 o.oo 41.63 o.o o.o 0.0 

300 25.83 41.79 0.16 41.63 o.o o.o 0.0 

400 26.49 49.32 6.67 42.65 o.o o.o o.o 

500 27.02 55.29 10.68 44.60 o.o 0.0 o.o 

600 27.53 60.26 13.45 46.81 o.o 0.0 o.o 

700 28.04 64.54 15.50 49.04 o.o 0.0 o.o 

800 28.56 68.32 17.10 51.22 o.o o.o 0.0 

900 29.08 71.71 18.40 53.31 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1000 29.61 74.80 19.49 55.31 o.o o.o 0.0 

1100 30.15 77.65 20.44 57.21 o.o o.o 0.0 

1200 30.69 80.30 21.27 59.03 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1300 31.22 82.78 22.02 60.76 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1400 31.76 85.11 22.69 62.42 o.o o.o 0.0 

1500 32.29 87.32 23.31 64.00 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1600 32.82 89.42 23.89 65.53 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1700 33.34 91.42 24.43 66.99 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 33.86 93.34 24.94 68.40 0.0 o.o o.o 

Melting T 2042 K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A,..ao 19.648 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0.9091 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 5.724 kJ 9.091 cm3 

01/07/93 
104 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SULFUR (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 32.066 

S: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 368.3 K; monoclinic crystals 368.3 to melting point 

388.36 K; liquid 388.36 K to fictive boiling point 882.1 K. Ideal diatomic gas, P•1 

bar, 882.1 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHo AfGO Log Kt 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 22.70 32.05 o.oo 32.05 0.0 o.o o.o 

300 22.74 32.19 0.14 32.05 o.o o.o o.o 

368.3 24.24 37.01 4.47 32.54 o.o o.o 0.0 

368.3 24.77 38.10 5.56 32.54 0.0 o.o o.o 

388.36 25.17 39.43 6.57 32.86 o.o o.o o.o 

388.36 31.06 43.86 11.00 32.86 o.o o.o o.o 

400 32.16 44.79 11.60 33.19 0.0 o.o o.o 

500 37.98 53.53 17.13 36.40 o.o o.o o.o 

600 34.31 60.08 20.25 39.82 o.o o.o o.o 

700 32.68 65.24 22.14 43.10 o.o o.o o.o 

800 31.70 69.53 23.39 46.14 o.o o.o o.o 

882.1 31.66 72.62 24.16 48.47 0.0 o.o o.o 

882.1 18.47 133.08 84.61 48.47 0.0 o.o o.o 

900 18.51 133.45 83.29 50.16 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 18.68 135.41 76.82 58.59 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1100 18.85 137.20 71.55 65.65 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 19.00 138.85 67.16 71.69 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 19.15 140.37 63.46 76.91 0.0 o.o o.o 

1400 19.28 141.80 60.30 81.50 0.0 o.o o.o 

1500 19.42 143.13 57.57 85.56 0.0 o.o o.o 

1600 19.55 144.39 55.19 89.20 0.0 o.o o.o 

1700 19.67 145.58 53.10 92.48 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 19.79 146.71 51.24 95.46 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 388.36 K Boiling T 882.1 K 

A..,Ho 53.32 kJ 

Aftllao 1.72 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 5511 J•bar·• 

a~98-aa 4.412 kJ 15.511 cm3 

6/18/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 105 

s2 (gas) Formula wt 64.132 

S2: Ideal diatomic gas, P = 1 bar, 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -· (GT-H~ 98 ) /T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 32.49 228.17 o.oo ~28.17 128.6 79.7 -13.96 

300 32.53 228.37 0.20 228.17 128.6 79.4 -13.82 

400 34.05 237.96 8.49 229.47 122.7 63.4 -8.27 

500 34.98 245.66 13.70 231.96 118.3 49.0 -5.12 

600 35.65 252.10 17.31 234.80 114.7 35.5 -3.09 

700 36.17 257.64 19.97 237.67 111.6 22.6 -1.68 

800 36.62 262.50 22.02 240.48 108.8 10.0 -0.66 

900 37.01 266.84 23.66 243.17 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 37.37 270.75 25.02 245.74 0.0 o.o o.o 

1100 37.69 274.33 26.16 248.18 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 38.00 277.62 27.13 250.49 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1300 38.29 280.68 27.98 252.70 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 38.57 283.53 28.72 254.80 0.0 o.o o.o 

1500 38.84 286.20 29.39 256.81 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 39.09 288.71 29.99 258.72 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1700 39.34 291.09 30.53 260.56 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1800 39.59 293.34 31.03 262.32 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

Ar.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar"1 

a~98-aa 9.124 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

11/18/92 
106 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ANTIMONY (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 121.75 

Sb: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to melting point 904 K. Liquid 904 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H2 98 )/T 4fHo 4fGo Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.25 45.52 o.oo 45.52 o.o o.o 0.0 

300 25.27 45.69 0.16 45.52 o.o o.o 0.0 

400 25.91 53.04 6.52 46.52 o.o o.o o.o 

500 26.48 58.88 10.45 48.43 o.o o.o 0.0 

600 27.17 63.77 13.18 50.59 o.o o.o o.o 

700 28.09 68.02 15.24 52.78 0.0 o.o o.o 

800 29.32 71.85 16.92 54.93 o.o o.o o.o 

900 30.92 75.39 18.38 57.01 o.o 0.0 o.o 

904 30.99 75.54 18.41 57.11 o.o o.o 0.0 

904 31.38 97.53 40.42 57.11 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 31.38 100.68 39.55 61.12 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 31.38 103.67 38.81 64.86 o.o o.o 0.0 

1200 31.38 106.40 38.19 68.21 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 31.38 108.91 37.66 71.24 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 31.38 111.24 37.22 74.02 o.o o.o 0.0 

1500 31.38 113.40 36.83 76.57 o.o o.o 0.0 

1600 31.38 115.41 36.49 78.94 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1700 31.38 117.33 36.18 81.14 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1800 31.38 119.12 35.92 83.20 o.o 0.0 0.0 

Melting T 904 K Boiling T 1860 K 

4~0 86.525 kJ 

4•H0 19.874 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 817 8 J • bar·• 

H298-H6 5.870 kJ 18.178 cm3 

6/10/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 107 

SELENIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 78.96 

Se: Crystals 298.15 to melting point 494 K.. Liquid 494 to boiling point 957 K. Ideal 

diatomic gas 957 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T ·-(GT-H~ 98 ) /T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.06 42.27 0.00 42.27 o.o 0.0 o.o 

300 25.06 42.42 0.15 42.27 o.o 0.0 o.o 

400 26.44 49.83 6.56 43.27 o.o 0.0 o.o 

494 27.30 55.51 10.45 45.06 o.o o.o o.o 

494 35.95 67.97 22.91 45.06 o.o o.o o.o 

500 35.85 68.38 23.06 45.32 o.o o.o o.o 

600 34.37 74.79 25.07 49.72 o.o o.o o.o 

700 33.54 80.03 26.34 53.69 o.o o.o o.o 

800 33.29 84.48 27.21 57.27 o.o o.o o.o 

900 33.93 88.43 27.92 60.51 o.o 0.0 o.o 

957 34.78 90.50 28.30 62.19 o.o o.o o.o 

957 19.27 146.44 84.28 62.19 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1000 19.31 147.29 81.48 65.81 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 19.41 149.13 75.83 73.30 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 19.52 150.82 71.14 79.68 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 19.62 162.39 67.17 85.22 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 19.73 153.84 63.78 90.06 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 19.83 155.21 60.84 94.37 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1600 19.94 156.49 58.28 98.21 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 20.04 157.70 56.03 101.67 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 20.15 158.85 54.03 104.82 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 494 K Boiling T 957 K 

A_,Ho 53.57 kJ 

Ag~~o 6.16 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 642 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 5.52 kJ 16.42 cm3 

12/14/92 
108 TIIERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SILICON (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 28.086 

Si: Cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1685 K; liquid 1685 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 20.00 18.81 o.oo 18.81 o.o o.o o.o 

300 20.06 18.93 0.12 18.81 o.o 0.0 o.o 

400 22.14 25.02 5.40 19.63 o.o 0.0 o.o 

500 23.33 30.10 8.87 21.23 o.o o.o o.o 

600 24.16 34.43 11.36 23.08 o.o o.o o.o 

700 24.81 38.21 13.23 24.97 o.o o.o o.o 

800 25.36 41.56 14.71 26.84 o.o 0.0 o.o 

900 25.86 44.57 15.93 28.65 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 26.33 47.32 16.94 30.38 0.0 o.o o.o 

1100 26.78 49.85 17.82 32.04 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1200 27.21 52.20 18.58 33.62 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1300 27.63 54.40 19.26 35.13 o.o o.o 0.0 

1400 28.05 56.46 19.87 36.58 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 28.47 58.41 20.43 37.98 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 28.88 60.26 20.95 39.31 o.o o.o o.o 

1685 29.22 61.75 21.35 40.40 o.o o.o o.o 

1685 27.20 91.55 51.15 40.40 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 27.20 91.79 50.94 40.85 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 27.20 93.35 49.62 43.73 o.o 0.0 o.o 

Melting T 1685 K Boiling T K 

A,..,Ho kJ 

A611H0 50.2 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.2056 J•bar·• 

H~98-Ha 3.218 kJ 12.056 cm3 

6/19/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 109 

TIN (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 118.710 

Sn: Crystals 298.15 to melting point 505.1 K. Liquid 501 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co p so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -1(GT-H~ 98 ) /T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 27.11 51.18 o.oo 51.18 o.o 0.0 0.0 

300 27.15 51.35 0.17 51.18 o.o o.o 0.0 

400 28.90 59.40 7.13 52.27 o.o 0.0 0.0 

500 31.03 66.06 11.69 54.37 0.0 o.o o.o 

505.1 31.16 66.38 11.88 54.50 0.0 o.o o.o 

505.1 29.42 80.63 26.13 54.50 o.o o.o 0.0 

600 28.66 85.62 26.58 59.04 0.0 o.o o.o 

700 28.25 90.00 26.85 63.15 o.o o.o 0.0 

800 28.04 93.76 27.01 66.75 o.o o.o o.o 

900 27.96 97.06 27.12 69.94 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1000 27.95 100.00 27.20 72.80 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1100 27.98 102.67 27.27 75.40 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 28.04 105.10 27.33 77.77 0.0 o.o o.o 

1300 28.13 107.35 27.39 79.96 0.0 o.o o.o 

1400 28.23 109.44 27.44 82.00 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 28.34 111.39 27.50 83.89 o.o o.o 0.0 

1600 28.46 113.22 27.56 85.66 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1700 28.58 114.95 27.61 87.34 o.o o.o 0.0 

1800 28.70 116.59 27.67 88.92 0.0 o.o o.o 

Melting T 505.1 K Boiling T 2876 K 

A_,ao 295.77 kJ 

Aru.H0 7.195 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.629 J•bar·1 

H~98-HB 6.323 kJ 16.29 cm3 

6/17/92 
110 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

STRONTIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 87.62 

Sr: a-crystals (face-centered cubic) 298.15 to 820 K; y-crystals (body-centere cubic) 820 to 

melting point 1050 K; liquid 1050 to boiling point 1685.5 K; ideal monatomic gas, P•1 

bar, 1685.5 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 4fHo 4tGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 _, - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 26.79 55.69 0.00 55.69 o.o o.o o.o 

300 26.81 55.86 0.17 55.69 o.o 0.0 o.o 

400 27.77 63.70 6.94 56.75 o.o o.o o.o 

500 28.78 70.00 11.21 58.79 o.o 0.0 o.o 

600 29.82 75.34 14.23 61.12 o.o o.o o.o 

700 30.87 80.02 16.53 63.49 o.o o.o o.o 

800 31.93 84.21 18.39 65.82 o.o 0.0 o.o 

820 32.15 85.01 18.72 66.28 o.o 0.0 o.o 

820 29.79 86.03 19.74 66.29 o.o o.o o.o 

900 30.13 88.81 20.65 68.17 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 30.45 92.01 21.62 70.39 o.o o.o o.o 

1050 30.75 93.51 22.05 71.46 o.o o.o o.o 

1050 39.46 100.58 29.12 71.46 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1100 39.46 102.42 29.59 72.82 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1200 39.46 105.85 30.42 75.44 0.0 o.o o.o 

1300 39.46 109.01 31.11 77.90 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1400 39.46 111.94 31.71 80.23 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1500 39.46 114.66 32.23 82.43 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1600 39.46 117.20 32.68 84.53 o.o o.o o.o 

1685.5 39.46 119.26 33.02 86.24 o.o o.o o.o 

1685.5 20.84 200.65 114.41 86.24 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 20.84 200.83 113.62 87.21 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1800 20.88 202.02 108.46 93.56 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 1050 K Boiling T 1685 K 

4_,80 137.18 kJ 

4ftaH0 7.42 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3. 392 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-Hf» 6.36 kJ 33.92 cm3 

6/19/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 111 

TELLURIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 127.600 

Te: Crystals 298.15 to melting point 723 K.. Liquid 723 to boiling point 1261 K. Ideal 

diatomic gas 1261 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log J(f 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 -

298.15 25.70 49.71 o.oo 49.71 o.o o.o o.o 

300 25.74 49.87 0.16 49.71 o.o o.o o.o 

400 27.95 57.58 6.83 50.75 o.o o.o o.o 

500 30.15 64.05 11.27 52.78 o.o o.o o.o 

600 32.36 69.74 14.60 55.14 o.o o.o o.o 

700 34.57 74.90 17.30 57.60 o.o o.o o.o 

723 35.07 76.43 17.86 58.57 o.o o.o o.o 

723 37.66 100.62 42.05 58.57 0.0 o.o o.o 

800 37.66 104.04 41.63 62.41 0.0 o.o o.o 

900 37.66 108.48 41.19 67.29 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 37.66 112.44 40.83 71.60 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 37.66 116.03 40.54 75.48 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 37.66 119.31 40.30 79.01 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1261 37.66 121.18 40.18 81.00 o.o o.o o.o 

1261 18.66 161.10 80.10 81.00 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 18.66 161.67 78.25 83.41 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 723 K Boiling T 1261 J( 

A_,HO 50.341 kJ 

A,_H0 17.489 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.048 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 6.121 kJ 20.48 CID3 

6f17/92 
112 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

THORIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 232.038 

Th: a-crystals (face-centered cubic) 298.15 to 1650 K. P-crystals (body-centered cubic) 

1650 to melting point 2023 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao A too Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 26.23 51.80 0.00 51.83 o.o o.o o.o 

300 26.24 51.99 0.16 51.83 o.o o.o o.o 

400 27.09 59.66 6.79 52.87 0.0 o.o o.o 

500 27.95 65.79 10.93 54.86 o.o o.o o.o 

600 28.83 70.97 13.84 57.12 o.o o.o o.o 

700 29.71 75.48 16.05 59.43 o.o o.o o.o 

800 30.60 79.50 17.81 61.69 o.o o.o o.o 

900 31.50 83.16 19.28 63.88 0.0 o.o o.o 

1000 32.39 86.52 20.55 65.98 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 33.29 89.65 21.67 67.99 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 34.19 92.59 22.67 69.92 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 35.08 95.36 23.59 71.77 0.0 o.o o.o 

1400 35.98 97.99 24.44 73.55 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1500 36.88 100.51 25.24 75.26 0.0 o.o o.o 

1600 37.77 102.91 25.99 76.92 0.0 o.o o.o 

1650 38.20 104.08 26.35 77.73 o.o o.o o.o 

1650 35.42 106.21 28.48 77.73 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1700 36.02 107.27 28.69 78.58 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1800 37.21 109.36 29.13 80.23 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 2023 K Boiling T K 

A_,ao kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 979 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-aa 6.350 kJ 19.79 cm3 

6/12/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 113 

TITANIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 47.88 

Ti: a-crystals (hexagonal close packed) 298.15 to 1166 K. P-crystals (body-centered cubic) 

1166 to melting point 1939. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.25 30.76 0.00 30.76 o.o o.o o.o 

300 25.27 30.92 0.16 30.76 o.o o.o o.o 

400 26.82 38.39 6.62 31.77 o.o 0.0 o.o 

500 27.98 44.51 10.79 33.72 o.o 0.0 o.o 

600 28.59 49.67 13.71 35.96 o.o 0.0 o.o 

700 29.01 54.11 15.87 38.25 o.o o.o o.o 

800 29.57 58.02 17.54 40.48 o.o 0.0 0.0 

900 30.52 61.55 18.92 42.63 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 32.05 64.84 20.16 44.69 o.o o.o 0.0 

1100 34.30 68.00 21.33 46.66 o.o o.o o.o 

1166 36.22 70.06 22.12 47.94 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1166 29.24 73.64 25.70 47.94 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1200 29.46 74.48 25.80 48.68 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 30.18 76.86 26.10 50.76 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 31.02 79.13 26.43 52.70 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 32.00 81.30 26.76 54.54 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1600 33.12 83.40 27.12 56.28 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 34.36 85.45 27.52 57.93 0.0 o.o o.o 

1800 35.74 87.45 27.93 59.52 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 1939 K Boiling T It 

A-J:Io kJ 

AfUIHO 14.15 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 063 J•bar"1 

a~98-aa 4.83 kJ 10.63 Clll3 

6/17/92 
114 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

URANIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 238.029 

U: a-crystals (orthorhombic) 298.15 to 942 K. p-crystals (tetragonal) 942 to 1049 K. ycrystals (body-centered cubic) 1049 to melting point 1408 K. Liquid 1408 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 27.66 50.20 o.oo 50.20 o.o o.o o.o 

300 27.69 50.37 0.17 50.20 o.o o.o o.o 

400 29.65 58.60 7.29 51.31 o.o o.o o.o 

500 31.95 65.46 11.99 53.47 o.o o.o 0.0 

600 34.68 71.51 15.53 55.98 o.o o.o o.o 

700 37.91 77.10 18.49 58.60 o.o o.o 0.0 

800 41.65 82.40 21.15 61.25 o.o o.o 0.0 

900 45.92 87.54 23.66 63.88 0.0 o.o o.o 

942 47.88 89.69 24.69 65.00 o.o 0.0 o.o 

942 42.40 92.64 27.64 65.00 o.o o.o 0.0 

1000 42.40 95.17 28.50 66.67 o.o o.o o.o 

1049 42.40 97.20 29.15 68.05 o.o o.o o.o 

1049 38.30 101.71 33.66 68.05 o.o o.o o.o 

1100 38.30 103.52 33.87 69.65 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 38.30 106.86 34.24 72.62 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 38.30 109.92 34.55 75.37 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 38.30 112.76 34.82 77.94 o.o o.o o.o 

1408 38.30 112.98 34.84 78.14 o.o o.o o.o 

1408 47.74 119.17 41.03 78.14 o.o o.o 0.0 

1500 47.91 122.20 41.45 80.75 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 48.12 125.30 41.86 83.44 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1700 48.36 128.22 42.23 85.99 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 48.60 130.99 42.58 88.41 0.0 o.o 0.0 

Melting T 1408 K Boiling T K 

A..,Ho kJ 

A,_Ho 8.720 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.250 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 6.364 kJ 12.50 cm3 

6/11/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 115 

VANADIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 50.942 

V: Body-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to 2175 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log ltf 

It J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 24.90 28.94 0.00 28.94 0.0 o.o o.o 

300 24.94 29.09 0.15 28.94 0.0 o.o o.o 

400 26.30 36.49 6.55 29.94 o.o o.o o.o 

500 26.91 42.43 10.57 31.86 0.0 o.o o.o 

600 27.42 47.38 13.33 34.05 0.0 o.o o.o 

700 27.97 51.65 15.38 36.26 o.o o.o o.o 

800 28.60 55.42 16.99 38.43 o.o o.o o.o 

900 29.31 58.83 18.32 40.51 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 30.10 61.96 19.46 42.50 0.0 o.o o.o 

1100 30.96 64.87 20.47 44.40 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 31.87 67.60 21.38 46.22 o.o o.o o.o 

1300 32.83 70.19 22.22 47.97 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 33.83 72.66 23.01 49.64 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 34.88 75.03 23.77 51.26 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 35.95 77.31 24.50 52.81 o.o o.o o.o 

1700 37.06 79.52 25.20 54.32 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 38.19 81.67 25.89 55.78 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 2175 It Boiling T It 

A.,Jio kJ 

A._HO 20.928 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0.835 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 4.64 kJ 8.35 CID3 

4/30/9~ 
116 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

TUNGSTEN (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 183.85 

W: Body-centered cubic crystals 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T A tHo AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 24.33 32.65 o.oo 32.65 0.0 0.0 o.o 

300 24.34 32.80 0.15 32.65 0.0 0.0 o.o 

400 24.90 39.88 6.27 33.61 0.0 0.0 o.o 

500 25.45 45.49 10.05 35.45 o.o o.o 0.0 

600 25.92 50.18 12.66 37.52 o.o o.o o.o 

700 26.33 54.20 14.58 39.62 o.o o.o 0.0 

800 26.69 57.74 16.07 41.67 0.0 o.o 0.0 

900 27.03 60.91 17.27 43.64 o.o o.o o.o 

1000 27.36 63.77 18.26 45.51 0.0 o.o o.o 

1100 27.69 66.39 19.11 47.29 0.0 0.0 0.0 

1200 28.04 68.82 19.84 48.98 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1300 28.40 71.08 20.48 50.60 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1400 28.79 73.20 21.06 52.14 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1500 29.20 75.20 21.59 53.61 0.0 o.o o.o 

1600 29.65 77.10 22.08 55.02 o.o 0.0 0.0 

1700 30.13 78.91 22.54 56.37 o.o o.o o.o 

1800 30.65 80.64 22.97 57.67 o.o 0.0 o.o 

Melting T 3680 K Boiling T K 

Aw,Bo kJ 

A .. ao 35.397 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0.9545 J•bar·• 

H~ 98 -H& 4.979 kJ 9.545 cm3 

4/30/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 117 

ZINC (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 65.390 

Zn: Hexagonal close-packed crystals 298.15 to melting point 692.7 K. Liquid 692.7 to 

boiling point 1180.2 K. Ideal monatomic gas 1180.2 to 2000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-&~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8298)/T Afso AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1-

298.15 25.39 41.63 o.oo 41.63 o.o 0.0 o.o 

300 25.41 41.79 0.16 41.63 0.0 o.o o.o 

400 26.36 49.23 6.59 42.64 o.o o.o o.o 

500 27.39 55.22 10.64 44.57 o.o o.o o.o 

600 28.57 60.31 13.53 46.78 o.o o.o o.o 

692.7 29.81 64.50 15.62 48.88 o.o o.o o.o 

692.7 31.38 75.07 26.19 48.88 0.0 0.0 o.o 

700 31.38 75.40 26.24 49.16 o.o o.o o.o 

800 31.38 79.59 26.89 52.70 0.0 0.0 o.o 

900 31.38 83.29 27.39 55.90 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1000 31.38 86.59 27.78 58.81 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1100 31.38 89.58 28.11 61.47 0.0 o.o o.o 

1180.2 31.38 91.79 28.33 63.46 o.o o.o o.o 

1180.2 20.79 189.50 126.04 63.46 o.o o.o o.o 

1200 20.79 189.84 124.29 65.55 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1300 20.79 191.51 116.33 75.18 o.o 0.0 o.o 

1400 20.79 193.05 109.51 83.54 o.o o.o o.o 

1500 20.79 194.48 103.59 90.89 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 20.79 195.82 98.41 97.41 0.0 o.o o.o 

1700 20.79 197.08 93.85 103.23 0.0 o.o o.o 

1800 20.79 198.27 89.79 108.48 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T K Boiling T 1080.2 K 

A..Jio 115.30 kJ 

Aru.H0 7.32 kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 9162 J•bar·1 

&~ 98 -H(, 5.648 kJ 9.162 cm3 
118 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ZIRCONIUM (REFERENCE STATE) Formula wt 91.224 

Zr: a-crystals (hexagonal close packed) 298.15 to 1135 K. ~-crystals (body-centered 

cubic) 1135 to melting point 2125 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.20 38.87 o.oo 38.87 o.o o.o o.o 

300 25.23 39.03 0.16 38.87 0.0 o.o 0.0 

400 26.04 46.42 6.55 39.87 o.o o.o o.o 

500 26.52 52.28 10.49 41.79 o.o o.o o.o 

600 27.16 57.17 13.21 43.96 o.o o.o o.o 

700 27.99 61.42 15.26 46.15 0.0 o.o 0.0 

800 28.96 65.22 16.91 48.30 o.o o.o o.o 

900 30.04 68.69 18.31 50.38 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1000 31.18 71.91 19.54 52.37 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1100 32.33 74.93 20.65 54.29 o.o o.o o.o 

1135 32.74 75.94 21.02 54.92 o.o o.o o.o 

1135 28.33 79.48 24.56 54.92 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1200 28.51 81.06 24.76 56.30 o.o o.o 0.0 

1300 28.88 83.36 25.07 58.29 o.o o.o o.o 

1400 29.35 85.51 25.35 60.16 0.0 o.o 0.0 

1500 29.93 87.56 25.64 61.92 o.o o.o o.o 

1600 30.62 89.51 25.93 63.58 o.o o.o 0.0 

1700 31.41 91.39 26.23 65.16 0.0 0.0 o.o 

1800 32.31 93.21 26.54 66.67 o.o o.o o.o 

Melting T 2125 K Boiling T K 

A..,Ho kJ 

AaJ~O kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.4016 J•bar·• 

H~98-Ha 5.497 kJ 14.016 cm3 

11/30/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 119 

METHANE 

CH4: Ideal gas, P • 1 bar, 298.15 to 1800 K 

Temp. 

K 

298.15 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1000 

1100 

1200 

1300 

1400 

1500 

1600 

1700 

1800 

Melting T 

A,_H0 

8 298-HB 

co 

p (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298 )/T 

------- J•mol-1·K-1 ------

35.70 186.26 o.oo 186.26 

35.72 186.48 0.22 186.26 

39.91 197.22 9.52 187.70 

46.21 206.79 16.22 190.57 

52.42 215.77 21.74 194.03 

58.08 224.29 26.54 197.75 

63.14 232.38 30.80 201.58 

67.65 240.08 34.65 205.43 

71.67 247.42 38.16 209.27 

75.26 254.43 41.37 213.05 

78.48 261.11 44.33 216.78 

81.36 267.51 47.07 220.44 

83.95 273.64 49.61 224.02 

86.26 279.51 51.98 227.53 

88.33 285.14 54.19 230.95 

90.17 290.56 56.25 234.30 

91.80 295.76 58.18 237.57 

K 

kJ 

10.025 kJ 

Formula wt 16. 0431 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-74.8 -50.7 8.88 

-74.9 -50.6 8.80 

-78.0 -42.0 5.48 

-80.8 -32.7 3.41 

-83.3 -22.8 1.98 

-85.4 -12.5 0.93 

-87.2 -2.0 0.13 

-88.6 8.8 -0.51 

-89.8 19.7 -1.03 

-90.7 30.7 -1.45 

-91.5 41.7 -1.82 

-92.0 52.9 -2.12 

-92.4 64.0 -2.39 

-92.7 75.2 -2.62 

-92.9 86.4 -2.82 

-92.9 97.6 -3.00 

-93.0 108.8 -3.16 

Boiling T K 

A_,HO kJ 

I 

2478.97 J•bar"1 1 

24789.7 cml 

Molar Vol. 

2/25/9~ 

I 

I 

I 

I 
120 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COHENITE Formula wt 179.552 

Fe3C: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 111.04 104.40 o.oo 104.40 24.9 19.7 -3.45 

300 111.06 105.09 0.68 104.40 24.9 19.7 -3.43 

400 112.31 137.21 28.43 108.77 27.2 17.6 -2.29 

500 113.57 162.40 45.34 117.07 28.6 15.0 -1.56 

600 114.82 183.22 56.81 126.41 29.2 12.2 -1.06 

700 116.07 201.01 65.19 135.83 29.0 9.3 -0.70 

800 117.32 216.59 71.63 144.97 27.9 6.6 -0.43 

900 118.58 230.49 76.77 153.71 25.6 4.1 -0.24 

1000 119.83 243.04 81.02 162.03 21.0 1.9 -0.10 

1100 121.08 254.52 84.60 169.92 13.8 0.4 -0.02 

1200 122.34 265.11 87.69 177.42 8.9 -0.7 0.03 

1300 123.59 274.95 90.41 184.55 8.6 -1.5 0.06 

1400 124.84 284.16 92.82 191.34 8.1 -2.3 0.08 

1500 126.10 292.82 95.00 197.82 7.4 -3.0 0.10 

1600 127.35 300.99 96.98 204.01 6.5 -3.6 0.12 

1700 128.60 308.75 98.80 209.95 2.7 -4.2 0.13 

1800 129.85 316.14 100.49 215.64 0.2 -4.5 0.13 

Melting T Boiling T K 

AwJio kJ 

Aa.lfo kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.323 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 kJ 23.23 cm3 

01/06/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 121 

AMMONIA Formula wt 17.03~ 

NH3: Ideal gas, P • 1 bar, 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-&~98 )/T -(Gf-&~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

It J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 35.68 192.77 o.oo 192.77 -45.9 -16.4 2.87 

300 35.72 192.99 0.22 192.77 -45 •. 9 -16.2 2.82 

400 38.59 203.63 9.43 194.20 -48.1 -5.9 0.78 

500 41.99 212.60 15 •. 60 197.01 -49.9 4.8 -o.5o 

600 45.32 220.56 20.28 200.28 -51.4 15.9 -1.38 

700 48.44 227.78 24.08 203.70 -52.6 27.2 -2.03 

800 51.34 234.44 27.31 207.13 -53.6 38.7 -2.53 

900 54.03 240.65 30.13 210.51 -54.4 50.3 -2.92 

1000 56.52 246.47 32.65 213.82 -55.0 61.9 -3.24 

1100 58.82 251.96 34.92 217.04 -55.4 73.7 -3.50 

1200 60.96 257.18 37.01 220.17 -55.8 85.4 -3.72 

1300 62.94 262.13 38.93 223.21 -55.9 97.2 -3.91 

1400 64.77 266.87 40.71 226.16 -56.0 109.0 -4.07 

1500 66.45 271.39 42.37 229.03 -56.0 120.8 -4.21 

1600 68.00 275.73 43.92 231.81 -55.9 132.5 -4.33 

1700 69.42 279.90 45.38 234.52 -55.7 144.3 -4.43 

1800 70.71 283.90 46.75 237.15 -55.5 156.1 -4.53 

Melting T It Boiling T It 

A.,.jio kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·• 

&~98-H& 10.045 kJ 24789.7 cm3 
122 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ACANTHITB (ARGENTITE) Formula wt 247.802 

Ag2S: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 451.3 K; cubic crystals (argentite) 451.3 to 865 K. 

y phase 865 to 1000 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfRO AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 75.31 142.89 o.oo 142.89 -32.0 -39.7 6.95 

300 75.39 143.35 0.46 142.89 -32.0 -39.7 6.92 

400 80.47 165.67 19.78 145.89 -34.0 -42.2 5.52 

500 87.26 193.79 41.08 152.71 -30.5 -44.7 4.67 

600 86.03 209.59 48.67 160.92 -30.7 -47.5 4.14 

700 84.80 222.75 53.91 168.84 -31.0 -50.3 3.75 

800 84.69 234.05 57.75 176.30 -31.3 -53.0 3.46 

900 80.38 244.84 61.53 183.31 -84.1 -54.7 3.17 

1000 80.57 253.28 63.38 189.90 -83.8 -51.5 2.69 

Melting T It Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

Aa.lfo kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.419 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 17.132 kJ 34.19 cm3 

9/30/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 123 

REALGAR Formula wt 106.988 

AsS: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to melting point 580 K; liquid 580 to 800 K. 

Reference state for sulfur ia orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Bf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 47.02 63.50 o.oo 63.50 -30.9 -29.6 5.19 

300 47.08 63.80 0.29 63.51 -30.9 -29.6 5.16 

400 49.32 77.68 12.29 65.39 -33.2 -29.1 3.80 

500 51.18 88.88 19.88 69.00 -34.6 -27.9 2.92 

600 67.12 110.35 36.84 73.51 -28.7 -26.7 2.33 

700 . 71.48 121.00 41.46 79.54 -27.8 -26.4 1.97 

800 77.50 130.90 45.57 85.33 -26.3 -26.3 1.72 

Melting T 580 K Boiling T K 

A,.Jio kJ 

A._BO 6.668 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 980 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-B& kJ 29.80 cm3 

9/30/921 
124 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

GREENOCKITE Formula wt 144.477 

CdS: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1100 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 . 1 - kJ•mol- --

298.15 47.30 72.18 o.oo 72.18 -149.6 -146.1 25.60 

300 47.36 72.47 0.29 72.18 -149.6 -146.1 25.44 

400 49.46 86.42 12.35 74.07 -152.0 -144.8 18.91 

500 50.70 97.60 19.90 77.69 -153.7 -142.8 14.92 

600 51.68 106.93 25.12 81.81 -161.2 -140.5 12.23 

700 52.55 114.96 28.98 85.99 -162.3 -136.9 10.22 

800 53.37 122.03 31.98 90.06 -163.2 -133.2 8.70 

900 54.16 128.37 34.40 93.97 -217.1 -128.4 7.45 

1000 54.93 134.11 36.41 97.70 -216.5 -118.5 6.19 

1100 55.67 139.38 38.13 101.25 -314.8 -102.9 4.89 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,.Jio kJ 

Aa.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.993 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB 8.818 kJ 29.93 cm3 

9/30/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 125 

CATTIERITE Formula wt 123.0651 

I 

CoS2: CUbic crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur ' 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Bf-B~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 68.26 74.80 o.oo 74.80 -150.9 -145.1 25.42 

300 68.39 75.22 0.42 74.80 -150.9 -145.1 25.26 

400 74.28 95.76 18.20 77.56 -155.5 -143.0 18.67 

500 78.63 112.82 29.87 82.96 -158.5 -139.5 14.57 

600 82.38 127.50 38.31 89.18 -160.5 -135.5 11.80 

700 85.85 140.46 44.86 95.60 -161.8 -131.2 9.79 

800 89.16 152.14 50.19 101.95 -163.1 -126.7 8.27 

900 92.38 162.83 54.70 108.13 -269.8 -120.0 6.97 

1000 95.55 172.72 58.63 114.10 -267.7 -103.5 5.41 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,Bo kJ 

A .. ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.552 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-aa 12.301 kJ 25.52 cm3 

9/30/9 
126 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COVELLITE Formula wt 95.612 

CUS: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 800 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H398)/T -(Gf-H398)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 47.53 67.40 o.oo 67.40 -54.6 -55.3 9.68 

300 47.59 67.69 0.29 67.40 -54.6 -55.3 9.62 

400 50.29 81.77 12.47 69.30 -56.8 -55.4 7.23 

500 52.62 93.24 20.27 72.98 -58.1 -54.9 5.74 

600 54.82 103.03 25.84 77.19 -59.0 -54.2 4.72 

700 56.94 111.64 30.14 81.51 -59.4 -53.3 3.98 

800 59.03 119.38 33.62 85.77 -59.5 -52.4 3.42 

Melting T 780i K Boiling T K 

A....,Ho kJ 

A._ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.042 J•bar·1 

8 398-B& 9.45 kJ 20.42 cm3 

9/30/92 
I 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 12~ 

CHALCOCITE 

Cu2S: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 376 K; hexagonal 

crystals 710 to melting point 1403 K. Reference 

sulfur. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 76.84 116.20 o.oo 116.20 

300 77.01 116.67 0.47 -116.20 

400 98.83 151.07 31.14 119.93 

500 95.31 172.84 44.33 128.51 

600 92.30 189.93 52.56 137.37 

700 89.79 203.97 58.06 145.91 

800 82.76 216.94 62.85 154.09 

900 82.50 226.66 65.04 161.62 

1000 85.02 235.65 67.02 168.63 

1100 85.02 243.77 68.68 175.09 

1200 85.02 251.17 70.03 181.14 

1300 85.02 257.95 71.71 186.24 

1400 85.02 264.23 72.15 192.08 

Melting T 1403 K 

AA.ao kJ 

8~ 98-aa 15.80 kJ 

I 

I 

I 

Formula wt 159.158 

crystals 376 to 710 K; cubic 

state for sulfur is orthorhombic 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Afao AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-83.9 -89.2 15.62 

-83.9 -89.2 15.53 

-81.1 -91.3 11.92 

-80.5 -93.9 9.81 

-79.9 -96.7 8.42 

-79.5 -99.5 7.43 

-78.5 -102.5 6.69 

-132.1 -104.5 6.06 

-131.1 -101.5 5.30 

-130.3 -98.6 4.68 

-129.7 -95.7 4.17 

-128.7 -92.2 3.71 

-155.6 -89.2 3.33 

Boiling T K 

A.,Jio kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 748 J•bar·~ 

27.48 cm3 i 

I 

9/30/92 
128 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CHALCOPYRITE Formula wt 183.525 

CuFeS2 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 820 K; tetragonal crystals 820 to 930 K; cubic 

crystals 930 to 1200 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

Above 820 K, the phase is called ISS (intermediate solid solution). 

FORMATION FROM THB ELBMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 95.80 124.90 o.oo 124.90 -194.9 -195.1 34.18 

300 96.24 125.49 0.59 124.90 -194.9 -195.1 33.97 

400 106.26 155.01 26.15 128.86 -199.0 -195.0 25.47 

500 109.15 179.02 42.45 136.57 -201.5 -193.8 20.24 

600 114.53 199.34 53.97 145.38 -203.2 -192.1 16.72 

700 123.84 217.64 63.24 154.41 -204.0 -190.1 14.19 

800 136.83 234.99 71.59 163.40 -203.8 -188.2 12.29 

900 203.75 264.70 91.48 173.22 -298.0 -185.0 10.74 

1000 172.49 285.00 101.42 183.58 -290.2 -173.0 9.04 

1100 172.49 301.44 107.88 193.56 -285.3 -161.5 7.67 

1200 172.49 316.45 113.27 203.18 -279.8 -150.6 6.55 

Melting T Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

AaJfo kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.392 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 18.34 kJ 43.92 cm3 

9/30/92 
' 

! 

I 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 129) 

I 

BORNITE Formula wt 501.84~ 

CU5FeS4: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 470 K; cubic crystals 470 to 535 K; cubic 

crystals 535 to 1200 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 242.90 398.50 0.00 398.50 -371.6 -394.7 69.15 

300 243.20 400.00 1.50 398.50 -371.6 -394.8 68.75 

400 260.60 472.40 64.09 408.31 -379.9 -402.3 52.54 

500 369.45 549.41 121.22 428.19 -376.3 -407.9 42.62 

600 327.89 615.63 161.33 454.30 -370.6 -414.9 36.12 

700 323.50 665.90 184.73 481.17 -368.2 -422.6 31.53 

800 325.20 709.20 202.19 507.01 -365.8 -430.5 28.11 

900 327.30 747.53 215.89 531.64 -576.1 -434.4 25.21 

1000 332.90 782.29 227.29 555.00 -569.5 -419.1 21.89 

1100 340.00 814.34 237.21 577.13 -563.5 -404.3 19.20 

1200 348.30 844.27 246.12 598.15 -556.7 -390.1 16.98 

Melting T Boiling T K 

A.,.Ho kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 9.873 J•bar-1 

H~ 98-H& 53.011 kJ 98.73 cm3 

I 

I 

9/30/9~ 

I 

i 

I 
130 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

TROILITE Formula wt 87.913 

PeS: Hexagonal crystals (NiAs structure) 298.15 to a complex transition at 411 K and a N6el 

temperature at 590 K; paramagnetic 590 to melting point at 1468 K; liquid 1468 to 1800 

K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-&~ 98 )/T -(GT-&~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 50.49 60.30 o.oo 60.30 -102.6 -102.9 18.03 

300 50.64 60.62 0.31 60.31 -102.6 -102.9 17.92 

400 70.02 76.87 14.44 62.43 -104.1 -103.0 13.46 

500 72.06 102.86 34.29 68.57 -99.5 -103.6 10.83 

600 67.33 116.98 41.52 75.46 -98.4 -104.5 9.10 

700 58.13 126.32 44.23 82.09 -99.1 -105.5 7.87 

800 57.73 134.00 45.90 88.10 -100.1 -106.3 6.94 

900 58.65 140.86 47.27 93.59 -154.6 -106.0 6.15 

1000 60.64 147.13 48.49 98.64 -155.3 -100.6 5.25 

1100 62.00 152.82 49.52 103.30 -156.8 -95.0 4.51 

1200 62.99 158.17 50.52 107.65 -157.5 -89.3 3.89 

1300 63.99 163.32 51.56 111.76 -156.5 -83.7 3.36 

1400 64.99 168.22 52.60 115.62 -155.3 -78.2 2.92 

1500 71.13 194.95 75.20 119.75 -121.7 -73.4 2.56 

1600 71.13 199.51 74.94 124.57 -120.3 -70.2 2.29 

1700 71.13 203.82 74.72 129.10 -119.8 -67.1 2.06 

1800 71.13 207.88 74.52 133.36 -119.0 -64.0 1.86 

Melting T 1468 K Boiling T K 

A_,ao kJ 

Aa.H0 32.34 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 820 J• bar-1 

H~98-HB 9.351 kJ 18.20 cm3 

2/17/93 
PYRRHOTITE 

Fe.875s: 

Temp. 

K 

298.15 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1000 

Melting T 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 131 

Formula wt 80.9321 ! 

Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to combined structural and magnetic transition at 590 

K; hexagonal crystals (Hi-As-type) 590 to 1000 K. Reference state for sulfur i~ 

orthorhombic sulfur. [ 

co 

p Sf (Hf-H~g )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T 

J•mol-1·x-1 

49.88 60.70 o.oo 60.70 

50.01 60.70 0.31 60.39 

56.24 76.28 13.53 62.75 

63.56 89.57 22.76 66.81 

67.35 104.51 32.47 72.04 

65.30 114.53 37.37 77.16 

57.42 122.64 40.28 82.36 

57.19 129.39 42.17 87.22 

58.38 135.46 43.71 91.75 

kJ 

9.21 kJ 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-97.5 

-97.4 

-99.0 

-99.5 

-97.7 

-97.2 

-97.6 

-151.6 

-151.9 

-98.9 17.33 

-98.8 17.21 

-99.4 12.98 

-99.5 10.39 

-99.8 8.69 

-100.0 7.46 

-100.3 6.55 

-99.6 5.78 

-93.8 4.90 

Boiling T K 

Av.Jio kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 749 J•bar·•l 

17.49 cm3 j 

1/13/~3 I 

I 
132 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

PYRITE Formula wt 119.979 

PeS2: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hie-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-&~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 62.17 52.90 o.oo 52.90 -171.5 -160.1 28.05 

300 62.39 53.29 0.38 52.90 -171.6 -160.1 27.87 

400 69.15 72.34 16.88 55.45 -176.7 -155.9 20.36 

500 71.95 88.10 27.64 60.45 -180.4 -150.3 15.70 

600 73.93 101.39 35.20 66.20 -183.3 -144.0 12.54 

700 75.90 112.94 40.87 72.07 -185.9. -137.3 10.24 

800 78.10 123.21 45.38 77.83 -188.2 -130.2 8.50 

900 80.57 132.55 49.15 83.40 -296.8 -120.6 7.00 

1000 83.29 141.18 52.43 88.75 -297.1 -101.1 5.28 

Melting T 1015i K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

Aru.H 0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.394 J•bar"1 

H~98-HB 9.63 kJ 23.94 cm3 

9/30/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 

MARCASITE Formula wt 119.979 

Fes2 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 700 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic 

sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 62.43 53.90 0.00 53.90 -169.5 -158.4 27.75 

300 62.60 54.29 0.39 53.90 -169.5 -158.3 27.56 

400 69.17 73.31 16.86 56.45 -174.7 -154.3 20.15 

500 72.44 89.13 27.68 61.45 -178.3 -148.8 15.54 

600 74.59 102.53 35.32 67.21 -181.2 -142.6 12.41 

700 77.00 114.20 41.10 73.11 -183.7 -136.0 10.14 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

Aru.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 458 J• bar-1 

H~ 98-H& 9.74 kJ 24.58 CID3 

3/6/9~ 
134 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

HYDROGEN SULFIDE Formula wt 34.082 

H2S: Ideal gas at p • 1 bar, 298.15 to 1800 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic 

sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 34.20 205.80 o.oo 205.80 -20.6 -33.4 5.86 

300 34.21 206.01 0.21 205.80 -20.6 -33.5 5.84 

400 35.48 216.01 8.85 207.15 -24.7 -37.5 4.89 

500 37.22 224.11 14.35 209.76 -27.9 -40.3 4.21 

600 39.05 231.05 18.31 212.74 -30.6 -42.5 3.70 

700 40.85 237.21 21.40 215.81 -32.9 -44.3 3.31 

800 42.58 242.78 23.94 218.83 -34.9 -45.8 2.99 

900 44.21 247.89 26.11 221.78 -89.7 -46.0 2.67 

1000 45.72 252.63 27.99 224.63 -90.1 -41.1 2.15 

1100 47.13 257.05 29.67 227.38 -90.4 -36.2 1.72 

1200 48.41 261.21 31.18 230.03 -90.6 -31.3 1.36 

1300 49.58 265.13 32.55 232.58 -90.7 -26.3 1.06 

1400 50.62 268.84 33.80 235.04 -90.8 -21.4 0.80 

1500 51.55 272.37 34.96 237.41 -90.8 -16.4 0.57 

1600 52.35 275.72 36.02 239.70 ~90.8 -11.5 0.37 

1700 53.04 278.92 37.00 241.91 -90.8 -6.5 0.20 

1800 53.60 281.96 37.91 244.06 -90.7 -1.6 0.05 

Melting T Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

AaJio kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 9.96 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

9/30/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 135 

I 

I 

ALABANDITE Formula wt 87.004 

1 

MnS: CUbic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 49.98 80.30 o.oo 80.30 -213.9 -218.7 38.32 

300 49.99 80.61 0.31 80.30 -213.9 -218.8 38.09 

400 51.10 95.13 12.86 82.27 -216.2 -220.3 28.77 

500 52.14 106.65 20.62 86.04 -217.9 -221.2 23.10 

600 52.83 116.22 25.93 90.29 -219.3 -221.7 19.30 

700 53.25 124.40 29.81 94.59 -220.6 -222.0 16.56 

800 53.55 131.53 32.76 98.78 -221.9 -222.1 14.50 

900 53.84 137.85 35.08 102.77 -276.3 -220.9 12.82 

1000 54.21 143.55 36.98 106.57 -278.7 -214.7 11.22 

1100 54.73 148.74 38.56 110.17 -278.9 -208.3 9.89 

1200 55.44 153.53 39.94 113.59 -279.1 -201.9 8.79 

1300 56.39 158.00 41.17 116.83 -279.3 -195.5 7.85 

1400 57.60 162.22 42.30 119.93 -281.7 -188.9 7.05 

1500 59.10 166.24 43.36 122.88 -284.2 -182.2 6.34 

1600 60.91 170.11 44.40 125.71 -296.9 -174.7 5.70 

1700 63.04 173.87 45.43 128.43 -297.3 -167.0 5.13 

1800 65.51 177.54 46.48 131.06 -297.4 -159.4 4.62 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

A~aH 0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.146 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& kJ 21.46 cm3 

9/30/92 
136 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MOLYBDENITE Formula wt 160.072 

Mos2 : Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic 

sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 63.51 62.60 0.00 62.60 -271.8 -262.8 46.04 

300 63.63 62.99 0.39 62.60 -271.8 -262.7 45.75 

400 68.45 82.01 16.85 65.16 -276.8 -259.5 33.88 

500 71.58 97.65 27.50 70.14 -280.2 -254.7 26.61 

600 73.77 110.90 35.04 75.86 -282.7 -249.4 21.71 

700 75.35 122.40 40.69 81.70 -284.6 -243.7 18.18 

800 76.54 132.54 45.10 87.44 -286.2 -237.7 15.52 

900 77.44 141.61 48.65 92.96 -393.7 -229.5 13.32 

1000 78.12 149.81 51.56 98.24 -392.5 -211.3 11.03 

1100 78.65 157.28 54.00 103.28 -391.3 -193.2 9.17 

1200 79.04 164.14 56.07 108.07 -390.1 -175.3 7.63 

Melting T Boiling T K 

A....,Ho kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.202 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 8.82 kJ 32.02 cm3 

9/30/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 137 

MILLERITE Formula wt 90.756 

HiS: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 623 K; hexagonal crystals 623 to melting point 1066 K. 

Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 47.11 52.97 0.00 52.97 

300 47.24 53.26 0.29 52.97 

400 50.79 67.36 12.55 54.81 

500 53.68 79.04 20.42 58.62 

600 56.27 89.04 26.22 62.82 

700 59.45 102.68 34.91 67.77 

800 62.55 110.79 38.18 72.61 

900 65.65 118.37 41.05 77.32 

1000 68.74 125.44 43.68 81.76 

1100 71.13 159.58 72.73 86.85 

Melting T 1066 K 

A,_HO kJ 

H~ 98-H& 8.47 kJ 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-91.0 -88.3 

-91.0 -88.3 

-93.4 -87.3 

-95.1 -85.6 

-96.4 -83.6 

-94.4 -81.7 

-94.6 -80.3 

-147.6 -77.0 

-145.9 -69.2 

-114.7 -62.5 

Boiling T 

A.,.,Ho 

Molar Vol. 

Log Kf 

15.47 

15.38 

11.40 

8.94 

7.27 

6.10 

5.24 

4.47 

3.61 

2.97 

K 

kJ I 

1. 689 J•bar·•' 

16.89 cm3 

9/30/912 

I 

I 
138 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BEAZLEWOODITE Formula wt 240.202 

Ni3s2 : Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 834 K; cubic crystals 834 K to incongruent melting point 

1064 K; liquid 1064 to 1400 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 118.24 133.20 o.oo 133.20 -216.3 -210.2 36.82 

300 118.45 133.93 0.73 133.20 -216.3 -210.1 36.59 

400 129.01 169.52 31.54 137.98 -221.3 -207.8 27.14 

500 136.05 199.12 51.79 147.34 -224.7 -204.1 21.32 

600 141.59 224.42 66.29 158.12 -227.8 -199.7 17.38 

700 148.35 246.72 77.51 169.22 -230.1 -194.8 14.53 

800 158.39 267.14 86.95 180.20 -230.5 -191.1 12.48 

900 189.15 355.52 159.38 196.14 -278.4 -187.1 10.86 

1000 191.81 375.52 162.41 213.11 -272.8 -177.3 9.26 

1100 189.12 411.84 182.56 229.28 -247.9 -168.7 8.01 

1200 189.12 428.28 183.11 245.17 -242.7 -161.7 7.03 

1300 189.12 443.42 183.57 259.85 -237.9 -155.1 6.23 

1400 189.12 457.44 183.97 273.47 -233.3 -148.9 5.56 

Melting T 1064 K Boiling T K 

Av.Jio kJ 

A,_H0 19.66 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.095 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 21.50 kJ 40.95 cm3 

9/30/92 
GALENA 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 13~ I 

I 

Formula wt 239.26~ i 

I 

PbS: CUbic crystals 298.15 to 900 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur~ . 

Temp. c• p s• T (HT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 49.49 91.70 o.oo 

300 49.52 92.01 0.31 

400 51.16 106.48 12.81 

500 52.80 118.07 20.65 

600 54.44 127.84 26.14 

700 56.08 136.36 30.30 

800 57.72 143.95 33.63 

900 59.36 150.84 36.40 

Melting T 1400 K 

H (fusion) kJ 

8~ 98-Ht, 11.51 kJ 

-(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

91.70 

91.70 

93.66 

97.42 

101.70 

106.05 

110.32 

114.45 

FORMATION FROM THB BLBMENTS 

A fa• AfG0 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-98.3 -96.8 

-98.3 -96.8 

-100.6 -96.1 

-102.1 -94.9 

-103.3 -93.3 

-109.0 -90.8 

-109.5 -88.1 

-162.9 -84.3 

Boiling T 

,_,.. 

Molar Vol. 

Log Kf 

16.95 

16.85 

12.55 

9.91 

8.12 

6.77 

5.75 

4.90 

K 

kJ 

I 

3 • 149 J. bar-r 

31.49 cm3 I 

I 

9/30/f2 

I 

I 

i 
140 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

STIBNITE Formula wt 339.698 

sb2s 3 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 900 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic 

sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~g )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 119.75 182.00 0.00 182.00 -151.4 -149.8 26.25 

300 119.81 182.74 0.74 182.00 -151.4 -149.8 26.09 

400 123.38 217.70 30.96 186.74 -158.1 -149.0 19.46 

500 126.46 245.58 49.76 195.82 -162.7 -146.3 15.28 

600 128.94 268.86 62.76 206.10 -166.0 -142.7 12.42 

700 130.92 288.89 72.36 216.53 -168.6 -138.6 10.34 

800 132.51 306.48 79.78 226.70 -170.8 -134.1 8.76 

900 133.80 322.17 85.72 236.45 -332.2 -126.2 7.33 

Melting T 829 K Boiling T K 

A,.,Ho kJ 

Aa.lfo kJ 

Molar Vol. 7.341 J•bar·• 

H~98-H8 kJ 73.41 cm3 

10/1/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 141 

HERZENBERGITE Formula wt 150.776 

SnS: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 875 K; cubic crystals 875 to melting point 1153 K. 

Liquid 1153 to 1300 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 49.25 77.00 o.oo 77.00 -106.5 -104.6 18.33 

300 49.32 77.30 0.30 77.00 -106.5 -104.6 18.22 

400 50.87 91.76 12.81 78.95 -108.9 -103.9 13.57 

500 52.02 103.22 20.52 82.70 -110.6 -102.5 10.70 

600 54.51 112.91 25.96 86.95 -119.0 -99.3 8.65 

700 58.40 121.50 30.30 91.20 -119.6 -96.0 7.16 

800 63.50 129.71 34.12 95.59 -119.5 -92.7 6.05 

900 54.04 137.47 37.81 99.66 -171.8 -88.1 5.11 

1000 57.07 143.32 39.59 103.73 -170.9 -78.9 4.12 

1100 60.11 148.90 41.32 107.58 -169.7 -69.7 3.31 

1200 75.61 181.98 69.64 112.34 -136.3 -62.0 2.70 

1300 75.61 188.03 70.10 117.93 -133.5 -55.9 2.25 

Melting T 1153 K Boiling T K 

AwJio kJ 

AfUIHO 31.59 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.901 J•bar·1 

H~98-HB kJ 29.01 cm3 
142 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BERNDTITE Formula wt 182.842 

sns2 : Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. Reference state for sul-fur is orthorhombic 

sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 70.12 87.50 0.00 87.50 -149.8 -141.5 24.79 

300 70.17 87.93 0.43 87.50 -149.8 -141.5 24.63 

400 72.05 108.41 18.13 90.28 -154.7 -138.4 18.08 

500 73.52 124.64 29.06 95.58 -158.2 -134.0 14.00 

600 75.19 138.19 36.60 101~59 -168.1 -127.5 11.10 

700 77.13 149.92 42.25 107.67 -170.0 -120.6 9.00 

800 79.33 160.36 46.75 113.61 -171.4 -113.5 7.41 

900 81.74 169.84 50.50 119.34 -278.6 -104.0 6.04 

1000 84.33 178.59 53.75 124.84 -276.9 -84.7 4.42 

Melting T Boiling T K 

A_,HO kJ 

AaJio kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.096 J•bar·• 

8~98-aa kJ 40.96 Clll3 

10/1/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 143 

TUNGSTENITB Formula wt 247.982 

WS2: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1500 K. Reference state for sulfur ia orthorhombic 

sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (BT-&~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 63.83 67.80 o.oo 67.80 -241.6 -233.0 40.81 

300 63.99 68.20 0.39 67.80 -241.6 -232.9 40.55 

400 69.67 87.50 17.10 70.39 -246.5 -229.8 30.00 

500 72.41 103.37 27.92 75.45 -249.8 -225.2 23.53 

600 74.01 116.72 35.48 81.25 -252.2 -220.0 19.16 

700 75.09 128.22 41.06 87.15 -254.1 -214.5 16.01 

800 75.90 138.30 45.37 92.93 -255.6 -208.8 13.63 

900 76.57 147.28 48.80 98.48 -363.1 -200.7 11.65 

1000 77.16 155.38 51.61 103.77 -361.9 -182.7 9.54 

1100 77.71 162.76 53.95 108.80 -360.6 -164.9 7.83 

1200 78.24 169.54 55.96 113.58 -359.4 -147.1 6.40 

1300 78.76 175.82 57.69 118.13 -358.2 -129.5 5.20 

1400 79.29 181.68 59.21 122.47 -357.0 -111.9 4.18 

1500 79.83 187.17 60.57 126.60 -355.8 -94.5 3.29 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,.Jio kJ 

A._ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.207 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-B& 11.01 kJ 32.07 Clll3 

10/1/92! 
144 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINBRALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SPHALERITB Formula wt 97.456 

zns: Cubic crystals 298.15 X to 1300 x. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THB BLEMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T Afao 'tGO Log Xf 

X J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1-

298.15 45.76 58.70 o.oo 58.70 -204.1 -199.6 34.97 

300 45.82 58.98 0.28 58.70 -204.1 -199.6 34.75 

400 48.30 72.53 12.00 60.53 -206.6 -198.0 25.85 

500. 49.93 83.50 19.43 64.06 -208.3 -195.6 20.44 

600 51.12 92.71 24.62 68.09 -209.6 -193.0 16.80 

700 52.04 100.66 28.47 72.19 -218.0 -190.1 14.18 

800 52.79 107.66 31.47 76.19 -219.1 -186.0 12.14 

900 53.42 113.92 33.87 80.04 -273.2 -180.7 10.49 

1000 53.96 119.57 35.85 83.72 -272.8 -170.4 8.90 

1100 54.43 124.74 37.52 87.22 -272.4 -160.2 7.61 

1200 54.85 129.49 38.95 90.54 -387.1 -148.1 6.45 

1300 55.23 133.90 40.19 93.71 -385.6 -128.2 5.15 

Melting T X Boiling T X 

A_,HO kJ 

A.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.383 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 8.82 kJ 23.83 cm3 

10/1/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 145 

WURTZITE Formula wt 97.456 

ZnS: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1300 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic 

sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 45.89 58.80 o.oo 58.80 -203.8 -199.4 34.93 

300 45.96 59.08 0.28 58.80 -203.8 -199.3 34.71 

400 48.72 72.74 12.09 60.64 -206.2 -197.7 25.82 

500 50.13 83.77 19.57 64.20 -207.9 -195.4 20.41 

600 51.09 93.00 24.75 68.25 -209.2 -192.8 16.78 

700 51.86 100.94 28.57 72.37 -217.7 -189.8 14.17 

800 52.55 107.91 31.52 76.38 -218.8 -185.8 12.13 

900 53.21 114.13 33.90 80.24 -272.9 -180.6 10.48 

1000 53.86 119.77 35.86 83.91 -272.5 -170.3 8.90 

1100 54.50 124.94 37.52 87.41 -272.1 -160.1 7.60 

1200 55.15 129.71 38.97 90.74 -386.8 -148.0 6.44 

1300 55.80 134.15 40.24 93.91 -385.2 -128.2 5.15 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.n.,Ho kJ 

A,_H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 385 J•bar·1 

H~98-H6 8.85 kJ 23.85 cm3 

10/1/9~ 
146 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERnES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BERTHIERITE Formula wt 427.611 

Fesb2s 4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 836 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic 

sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T C~i-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 175.23 245.00 o.oo 245.00 -256.2 -255.8 44.81 

300 175.60 246.09 1.08 245.00 -256.2 -255.8 44.54 

400 186.17 298.40 46.33 252.06 -264.1 -255.4 33.36 

500 189.05 340.31 74.64 265.67 -269.1 -252.8 26.40 

600 190.44 374.90 93.83 281.07 -272.9 -249.1 21.69 

700 191.92 404.37 107.73 296.63 -276.0 -244.9 18.27 

800 193.91 430.12 118.37 311.74 -279.0 -240.2 15.68 

900 196.48 453.10 126.91 326.20 -494.4 -230.9 13.40 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

AAIIHO kJ 

Molar Vol. 9.222 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB kJ 92.22 cm3 

2/17/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 147 

CHALOOSTIBITB Formula wt 249.428 

CUSbS2: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 tO 826 K. Reference state for sulfur is orthorhombic 

sulfur. 

FORMATION FROM THE BLEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 100.15 149.20 o.oo 149.20 -130.8 -132.7 23.25 

300 100.22 149.82 0.62 149.20 -130.8 -132.7 23.11 

400 104.26 179.20 26.02 153.18 -134.8 -133.3 17.40 

500 108.30 202.90 42.07 160.83 -137.2 -132.6 13.85 

600 112.34 223.01 53.45 169.56 -138.7 -131.5 11.45 

700 116.38 240.63 62.15 178.48 -139.3 -130.3 9.72 

800 120.42 256.43 69.18 187.25 -139.5 -129.0 8.42 

900 124.46 270.85 75.10 195.75 -245.5 -125.5 7.29 

Melting T 826 K Boiling T K 

Aw,Ho kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 5. 006 J• bar·1 

H~ 98-H& kJ 50.06 Clll3 

2/17/9~ 

I 
148 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ACANTBITE (ARGENTITE) Formula wt 247.802 

Ag2s: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 451.3 K; cubic crystals (argentite) 451.3 to 865 K. 

y phase 865 to 1000 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas at p = 1 bar. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (BT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 75.31 142.89 o.oo 142.89 -96.3 -79.5 13.93 

300 75.39 143.35 0.46 142.89 -96.3 -79.4 13.83 

400 80.47 165.67 19.78 145.89 -95.3 -73.9 9.65 

500 87.26 193.79 41.08 152.71 -89.6 -69.2 7.23 

600 86.03 209.59 48.67 160.92 -88.1 -65.3 5.68 

700 84.80 222.75 53.91 168.84 -86.7 -61.6 4.60 

800 84.69 234.05 57.75 176.30 -85.7 -58.1 3.79 

900 80.38 244.84 61.53 183.31 -84.1 -54.7 3.17 

1000 80.57 253.28 63.38 189.90 -83.8 -51.5 2.69 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

Av.Jio kJ 

Aftllao kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.419 J•bar-1 

8~98-86 17.132 kJ 34.19 cm3 

A= -8.355E+01 B= 3.273E-02 C• -5.14E+05 

9/24/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 149 

REALGAR Formula wt 106.988 

AsS: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to melting point 580 K; liquid 580 to 800 K. 

Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p = 1 bar. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO Afao Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 47.02 63.50 o.oo 63.50 -95.2 -69.5 12.17 

300 47.08 63.80 0.29 63.51 -95.2 -69.3 12.07 

400 49.32 77.68 12.29 65.39 -94.5 -60.8 7.94 

500 51.18 88.88 19.88 69.00 -93.8 -52.4 5.48 

600 67.12 110.35 36.84 73.51 -86.0 -44.5 3.87 

700 71.48 121.00 41.46 79.54 -83.6 -37.7 2.82 

800 77.50 130.90 45.57 85.33 -80.7 -31.4 2.05 

Melting T 580 K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

Aeu.H0 6.668 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2 • 980 J • bar-1

! 

H~ 98-H& kJ 29.80 cm3 

A= -84.07 B= 0.06734 C= -4.98B+05 

3/25/9 
150 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

GREENOCKITE Formula wt 144.477 

CdS: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1100 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p • 1 

bar. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 47.30 72.18 o.oo 

300 47.36 72.47 0.29 

400 49.46 86.42 12.35 

500 50.70 97.60 19.91 

600 51.68 106.93 25.12 

700 52.55 114.96 28.98 

800 53.37 122.03 31.98 

900 54.16 128.37 34.40 

1000 54.93 134.11 36.41 

1100 55.67 139.38 38.13 

Melting T 

kJ 

8.81 kJ 

A• -2.177E+02 

-(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

72.18 

72.18 

74.07 

77.69 

81.81 

85.99 

90.06 

93.97 

.97.70 

101.25 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-213.9 -186.0 

-213.9 -185.8 

-213.4 -176.5 

-212.8 -167.4 

-218.6 -158.2 

-218.1 -148.2 

-217.6 -138.3 

-217.1 -128.4 

-216.5 -118.5 

-314.8 -102.9 

Boiling T 

AwJIO 

Molar Vol. 

Log Kf 

32.58 

32.35 

23.05 

17.48 

13.78 

11.06 

9.03 

7.45 

6.19 

4.89 

kJ 

2. 993 J•bar·1 

29.93 cm3 

B= 9.880E-02 C• 2.109E+05 

9/24/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 151 

CATTIERITB 

CoS2: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. 

1 bar. 

Temp. co 

p ST (BT-a~ a)/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 68.26 74.80 o.oo 

300 68.39 75.22 0.42 

400 74.28 95.76 18.20 

500 78.63 112.82 29.87 

600 82.38 127.50 38.31 

700 85.85 140.46 44.86 

800 89.16 152.14 50.19 

900 92.38 162.83 54.70 

1000 95.55 172.72 58.63 

Melting T K 

Atu.B0 kJ 

H~98-BB 12.30 kJ 

Formula wt 123.06~ 

! 

I Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p ~ 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

-(GT-H~ a)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

74.80 -279.5 -224.8 39.38 

74.80 -279.5 -224.5 39.08 

77.56 -278.2 -206.3 . 26.94 

82.96 -276.8 -188.5 19.69 

89.18 -275.1 -171.0 14.89 

95.60 -273.4 -153.8 11.48 

101.95 -271.9 -136.8 8.93 

108.13 -269.8 -120.0 6.97 

114.10 -267.7 -103.5 5.41 

Boiling T K 

A,..JJo kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.552 J•bar-1

1 25.52 cm3 

I 

I 

A= -2.710E+02 B= 1.682E-01 C= -3.57E+05 

3/26/912 
152 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COVELLITE Formula wt 95.612 

CuS: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 800 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas at p 

• 1 bar. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-a~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 47.53 67.40 0.00 

300 47.59 67.69 0.29 

400 50.29 81.77 12.47 

500 52.62 93.24 20.27 

600 54.82 103.03 25.84 

700 56.94 111.64 30.14 

800 59.03 119.38 33.62 

Melting T 780i K 

kJ 

9.45 kJ 

A• -1.148E+02 

-(GT-8~ 98 )/T 

67.40 

67.40 

69.30 

72.98 

77.19 

81.51 

85.77 

B= 7.208E-02 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-118.9 -95.1 16.66 

-118.9 -95.0 16.53 

-118.1 -87.1 11.37 

-117.3 -79.4 8.30 

-116.3 -71.9 6.26 

-115.2 -64.6 4.82 

-113.9 -57.5 3.75 

Boiling T K 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 042 J•bar·• 

20.42 cm3 

C= -1.60E+05 

3/26/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPER11ES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 153 

CHALCOCITE Formula wt 159.158 1 

I 

I Cu2S: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 376 X.; hexagonal crystals 376 to 710 X.; cubic crystals! 

710 to melting point 1403 X.. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p • 1 bar.f 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

X. J•mol-1·x.-1 

298.15 76.84 116.20 o.oo 116.20 

300 77.01 116.67 0.47 116.20 

400 98.83 151.07 31.14 119.93 

500 95.31 172.84 44.33 128.51 

600 92.30 189.93 52.56 137.37 

700 89.79 203.97 58.06 145.91 

800 82.76 216.94 62.85 154.09 

900 82.50 226.66 65.04 161.62 

1000 85.02 235.65 67.02 168.63 

1100 85.02 243.77 68.68 175.09 

1200 85.02 251.17 70.03 181.14 

1300 85.02 257.95 71.71 186.24 

1400 85.02 264.23 72.15 192.08 

Melting T 1403 X. 

kJ 

15.80 kJ 

A• -1.304B+02 B• 2.957E-02 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfRO AfGO Log x.f 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-148.2 -129.1 

-148.2 -129.0 

-142.5 -123.0 

-139.7 -118.5 

-137.3 -114.5 

-135.3 -110.8 

-132.9 -107.6 

-132.1 -104.5 

-131.1 -101.5 

-130.3 -98.6 

-129.7 -95.7 

-128.7 -92.2 

-155.6 -89.2 

Boiling T 

Molar Vol. 

C• -6.73E+05 

22.61 

22.45 

16.06 

12.38 

9.97 

8.27 

7.02 

6.06 

5.30 

4.68 

4.17 

3.71 

3.33 

kJ 

2. 748 J•bar·• [ 

27.48 cm3 I 

I 

I 

I 

01/13/9h 
154 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CHALCOPYRITE Formula wt 183.525 

CuFes2 : 

Temp. 

K 

298.15 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1000 

1100 

1200 

Melting T 

Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 820 K; tetragonal crystals 820 to 930 K; cubic 

crystals 930 to 1200 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas at p • 1 bar. 

Above 820 K, phase is called ISS (intermediate solid solution). 

co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T 

J•mol-1·x-1 

95.80 124.90 o.oo 

96.24 125.49 0.59 

106.26 155.01 26.15 

109.15 179.02 42.45 

114.53 199.34 53.97 

123.84 217.64 63.24 

136.83 234.99 71.59 

203.75 264.70 91.48 

172.49 285.00 101.42 

172.49 301.44 107.88 

172.49 316.45 113.27 

K 

kJ 

18.34 kJ 

A• -2.9995E+02 

-(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

124.90 

124.90 

128.86 

136.57 

145.38 

154.41 

163.40 

173.22 

183.58 

193.56 

203.18 

B• 1.2712E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Afao AtGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-323.5 -274.8 48.14 

-323.5 -274.5 47.79 

-321.7 -258.4 33.74 

-319.8 -242.8 25.37 

-317.9 -227.6 19.81 

-315.6 -212.7 15.87 

-312.6 -198.2 12.94 

-298.0 -185.0 10.74 

-290.2 -173.0 9.04 

-285.3 -161.5 7.67 

-279.8 -150.6 6.55 

Boiling T 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 392 J•bar·• 

43.92 cm3 

C• -1.19E+06 

3/26/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERnES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 155 

BORNITE Formula wt 501.841 

cu5PeS4: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 470 K; cubic crystals 470 to 535 K; cubic 

crystals 535 to 1200 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p • 1 bar. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 242.90 398.50 o.oo 

300 243.20 400.00 1.50 

400 260.60 472.40 64.09 

500 369.45 549.41 121.22 

600 327.89 615.63 161.33 

700 323.50 665.90 184.73 

800 325.20 709.20 202.19 

900 327.30 747.53 215.89 

1000 332.90 782.29 227.29 

1100 340.00 814.34 237.21 

1200 348.30 844.27 246.12 

Melting T K 

kJ 

53.01 kJ 

A• -5.714E+02 

-(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

398.50 

398.50 

408.31 

428.19 

454.30 

481.17 

507.01 

531.64 

555.00 

577.13 

598.15 

B= 1.542E-01 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-628.8 -554.1 

-628.7 -553.6 

-625.3 -529.1 

-612.9 -506.0 

-600.0 -485.9 

-591.4 -467.7 

-583.4 -450.6 

-576.1 -434.4 

-569.5 -419.1 

-563.5 -404.3 

-556.7 -390.1 

Boiling T 

A.,.Jio 

Molar Vol. 

97.07 

96.39 

69.09 

52.86 

42.30 

34.90 

29.42 

25.21 

21.89 

19.20 

16.98 

K 

kJ 

9.873 J•bar·• 

98.73 cm3 

C= -2.625E+06 

3/26/921 
156 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

TROILITE Formula wt 87.913 

FeS: Hexagonal crystals (NiAs structure) 298.15 to a complex transition at 411 K and a Neel 

temperature at 590 K; paramagnetic 590 to melting point at 1468 K; liquid 1468 to 1800 

K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p = 1 bar. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p go T (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 50.49 60.30 0.00 60.30 -166.9 -142.8 25.01 

300 50.64 60.62 0.31 60.31 -166.9 -142.6 24.83 

400 70.02 76.87 14.44 62.43 -165.5 -134.7 17.59 

500 72.06 102.86 34.29 68.57 -158.7 -128.1 13.39 

600 67.33 116.98 41.52 75.46 -155.8 -122.3 10.65 

700 58.13 126.32 44.23 82.09 -154.9 -116.8 8.71 

800 57.73 134.00 45.90 88.10 -154.5 -111.4 7.27 

900 58.65 140.86 47.27 93.59 -154.6 -106.0 6.15 

1000 60.64 147.13 48.49 98.64 -155.3 -100.6 5.25 

1100 62.00 152.82 49.52 103.30 -156.8 -95.0 4.51 

1200 62.99 158.17 50.52 107.65 -157.5 -89.3 3.89 

1300 63.99 163.32 51.56 111.76 -156.5 -83.7 3.36 

1400 64.99 168.22 52.60 115.62 -155.3 -78.2 2.92 

1500 71.13 194.95 75.20 119.75 -121.7 -73.4 2.56 

1600 71.13 199.51 74.94 124.57 -120.3 -70.2 2.29 

1700 71.13 203.82 74.72 129.10 -119.8 -67.1 2.06 

1800 71.13 207.88 74.52 133.36 -119.0 -64.0 1.86 

Melting T 1468 K Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

Aru.H0 32.34 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.820 J•bar·• 

H~g8-H8 9.351 kJ 18.20 cm3 

A= -1.488E+02 B• 4.910E-02 C= -8.05E+05 

2/17/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 157 

PYRRHOTITE Formula wt 80.932 

Fe.875s: 

Temp. 

K 

298.15 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1000 

Melting T 

Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to combined structural and magnetic transition at 590 

K; hexagonal crystal (NiAs-type) 590 to 1000 K. 

ideal s 2 gas at p = 1 bar. 

co 

p 

so T (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

J•mol-1 ·K-1 

49.88 60.70 0.00 60.70 

50.01 60.70 0.31 60.39 

56.24 76.28 13.53 62.75 

63.56 89.57 22.76 66.81 

67.35 104.51 32.47 72.04 

65.30 114.53 37.37 77.16 

57.42 122.64 40.28 82.36 

57.19 129.39 42.17 87.22 

58.38 135.46 43.71 91.75 

K 

kJ 

9.21 kJ 

A= -1.513E+02 B= 5.811E-02 

Reference state for sulfur is 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-161.8 -138.8 

-161.7 -138.5 

-160.4 -131.1 

-158.6 -124.0 

-155.0 -117.5 

-153.0 -111.2 

-151.9 -105.4 

-151.6 -99.6 

-151.9 -93.8 

Boiling T 

Molar Vol. 

C• -4.30E+05 

Log Kf 

24.31 

24.12 

17.12 

12.95 

10.23 

8.30 

6.88 

5.78 

4.90 

K 

kJ 

1. 749 J•bar·• 

17.49 cm3 

01/13/9~ 
158 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

PYRITE Formula wt 119.979 

FeS2: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p • 

1 bar. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 62.17 52.90 o.oo 52.90 -300.1 -239.8 42.01 

300 62.39 53.29 0.38 52.90 -300.1 -239.4 41.69 

400 69.15 72.34 16.88 55.45 -299.5 -219.3 28.64 

500 71.95 88.10 27.64 60.45 -298.7 -199.3 20.82 

600 73.93 101.39 35.20 66.20 -298.0 -179.5 15.63 

700 75.90 112.94 40.87 72.07 -297.4 -159.8 11.93 

800 78.10 123.21 45.38 77.83 -297.0 -140.2 9.15 

900 80.57 132.55 49.15 83.40 -296.8 -120.6 7.00 

1000 83.29 141.18 52.43 88.75 -297.1 -101.1 5.28 

Melting T 1015i K Boiling T K 

A,..,Ho kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.394 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 9.63 kJ 23.94 cm3 

A• -2.967B+02 B• 1.958B-01 C• -1.36E-05 

9/25/92 
I THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 15~ 

I 

I 

MARCASITE Formula wt 119.97~ 

Fes2 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 700 K. 

p = 1 bar. 

I Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas at 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 62.43 53.90 o.oo 53.90 -298.1 -238.1 41.71 

300 62.60 54.29 0.39 53.90 -298.1 -237.7 41.39 

400 69.17 73.31 16.86 56.45 -297.4 -217.7 28.42 

500 72.44 89.13 27.68 61.45 -296.6 -197.8 20.66 

600 74.59 102.53 35.32 67.21 -295.9 -178.1 15.50 

700 77.00 114.20 41.10 73.11 -295.2 -158.5 11.83 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

A..So kJ 

Kolar Vol. 2.458 J•bar·• 

H~g -H& 9.74 kJ 24.58 cm3 

A= -2.952E+02 B= 1.955E-01 C= -1.08E+05 

9/25/.2 
160 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

HYDROGEN SULFIDE Formula wt 34~082 

B2S: Ideal gas at p • 1 bar, 298.15 to 1800 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas 

at p • 1 bar. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Bf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao Afoo Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 34.20 205.80 0.00 205.80 -84.9 -73.3 12.84 

300 34.21 206.01 0.21 205.80 -84.9 -73.2 12.75 

400 35.48 216.01 8.85 207.15 -86.0 -69.1 9.03 

500 37.22 224.11 14.35 209.76 -87.0 -64.8 6.77 

600 39.05 231.05 18.31 212.74 -87.9 -60.3 5.25 

700 40.85 237.21 21.40 215.81 -88.7 -55.6 4.15 

800 42.58 242.78 23.94 218.83 -89.2 -50.8 3.32 

900 44.21 247.89 26.11 221.78 -89.7 -46.0 2.67 

1000 45.72 252.63 27.99 224.63 -90.1 -41.1 2.15 

1100 47.13 257.05 29.67 227.38 -90.4 -36.2 1.72 

1200 48.41 261.21 31.18 230.03 -90.6 -31.3 1.36 

1300 49.58 265.13 32.55 232.58 -90.7 -26.3 1.06 

1400 50.62 268.84 33.80 235.04 -90.8 -21.4 0.80 

1500 51.55 272.37 34.96 237.41 -90.8 -16.4 0.57 

1600 52.35 275.72 36.02 239.70 -90.8 -11.5 0.37 

1700 53.04 278.92 37.00 241.91 -90.8 -6.5 0.20 

1800 53.60 281.96 37.91 244.06 -90.7 -1.6 0.05 

Melting T Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A._ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·1 

8~98-86 9.96 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

A• -9.067E+01 B• 4.942E-02 C= 2.447E+05 

3/26/92 
i 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IHGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES I 

16f 

ALABANDITE Formula wt I 

87.00~ 

MnS: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas at p • 1 

bar. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 49.98 80.30 o.oo 80.30 -278.2 -258.6 45.30 

300 49.99 80.61 0.31 80.30 -278.2 -258 .• 5 45.00 

400 51.10 95.13 12.86 82.27 -277.5 -252.0 32.91 

500 52.14 106.65 20.62 86.04 -277.0 -245.7 25.66 

600 52.83 116.22 25.93 90.29 -276.6 -239.4 20.84 

700 53.25 124.40 29.81 94.59 -276.4 -231.3 17.41 

800 53.55 131.53 32.76 98.78 -276.3 -227.1 14.83 

900 53.84 137.85 35.08 102.77 -276.3 -220.9 12.82 

1000 54.21 143.55 36.98 106.57 -278.7 -214.7 11.22 

1100 54.73 148.74 38.56 110.17 -278.9 -208.3 9.89 

1200 55.44 153.53 39.94 113.59 -279.1 -201.9 8.79 

1300 56.39 158.00 41.17 116.83 -279.3 -195.5 7.85 

1400 57.60 162.22 42.30 119.93 -281.7 -188.9 7.05 

1500 59.10 166.24 43.36 122.88 -284.2 -182.2 6.34 

1600 60.91 170.11 44.40 125.71 -296.9 -174.7 5.70 

1700 63.04 173.87 45.43 128.43 -297.3 -167.0 5.13 

1800 65.51 177.54 46.48 131.06 -297.4 -159.4 4.62 

Melting T Boiling T K 

A.,JJO kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.146 J•bart 

H~ 98-H& kJ 21.46 cm3 ! 

A• -2.807E+02 B• 6.621E-02 C• 2.459E+05 

3/26/~2 
162 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MOLYBDENITE Formula wt 160.072 

MoS2: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at 

p = 1 bar. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 63.51 62.60 o.oo 62.60 -400.4 -342.5 60.00 

300 63.63 62.99 0.39 62.60 -400.4 -342.1 59.57 

400 68.45 82.01 16.85 65.16 -399.6 -322.8 42.16 

500 71.58 97.65 27.50 70.14 -398.5 -303.8 31.73 

600 73.77 110.90 35.04 75.86 -397.4 -284.9 24.80 

700 75.35 122.40 40.69 81.70 -396.2 -266.3 19.87 

800 76.54 132.54 45.10 87.44 -395.0 -247.8 16.18 

900 77.44 141.61 48.65 92.96 -393.7 -229.5 13.32 

1000 78.12 149.81 51.56 98.24 -392.5 -211.3 11.04 

1100 78.65 157.28 54.00 103.28 -391.3 -193.2 9.17 

1200 79.04 164.14 56.07 108.07 -390.1 -175.3 7.63 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.202 J•bar·• 

8.818 kJ 32.02 cm3 

A= -3.933E+02 B= 1.822E-01 C= -3.21E+05 

3/26/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 163 

MILLERITE Formula wt 90.756 1 

NiS: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 623 K; hexagonal crystals 623 to melting point 

at 1066 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p • 1 bar. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 47.11 52.97 0.00 

300 47.24 53.26 0.29 

400 50.79 67.36 12.55 

500 53.68 79.04 20.42 

600 56.27 89.04 26.22 

700 59.45 102.68 34.91 

800 62.55 110.79 38.18 

900 65.65 118.37 41.05 

1000 68.74 125.44 43.68 

1100 71.13 159.58 72.73 

Melting T 1066 K 

kJ 

53.01 kJ 

A= -1.434E+02 

-(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

52.97 

52.97 

54.81 

58.62 

62.82 

67.77 

72.61 

77.32 

81.76 

86.85 

B= 7.351E-02 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-155.3 -128.2 

-155.3 -128.0 

-154.8 -119.0 

-154.2 -110.1 

-153.8 -101.3 

-150.2 -93.0 

-149.0 -85.4 

-147.6 -77.0 

-145.9 -69.2 

-114.7 -62.5 

Boiling T 

A-Jio 

Molar Vol. 

C• -6.29E+05 

Log Kf 

22.45 

22.29 

15.53 

11.50 

8.82 

6.94 

5.57 

4.47 

3.61 

2.97 

K 

kJ I 

I 1. 689 J•bar·1 

16.89 cm3 

4/1/9~ ! 
164 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

HEAZLEWOODITE Formula wt 240.202 

Ni3S2: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 834 K; cubic crystals 834 K to incongruent melting 

point 1064 K; liquid 1064 to 1400 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at 

p = 1 bar. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO 4fG0 Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 118.24 133.20 o.oo 133.20 -344.9 -289.9 50.78 

300 118.45 133.93 0.73 133.20 -344.9 -289.5 50.41 

400 129.01 169.52 31.54 137.98 -344.0 -271.2 35.41 

500 136.05 199.12 51.79 147.34 -343.0 -253.1 26.44 

600 141.59 224.42 66.29 158.12 -342.5 -235.2 20.47 

700 148.35 246.72 77.51 169.22 -341.7 -217.3 16.22 

800 158.39 267.14 86.95 180.20 -339.3 -201.1 13.13 

900 189.15 355.52 159.38 196.14 -278.4 -187.1 10.86 

1000 191.81 375.52 162.41 213.11 -272.8 -177.3 9.26 

1100 189.12 411.84 182.56 229.28 -247.9 -168.7 8.01 

1200 189.12 428.28 183.11 245.17 -242.7 -161.7 7.04 

1300 189.12 443.42 183.57 259.85 -237.9 -155.1 6.23 

1400 189.12 457.44 183.97 273.47 -233.3 -148.9 5.56 

Melting T 1064 K Boiling T K 

4-wJiO kJ 

4611H0 19.66 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.095 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H() 21.501 kJ 40.95 cm3 

A= -2.815E+02 B• 1.016E-01 C= -3.71E+06 

4/1/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 165 

GALENA Formula wt 239.26~ 

PbS: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 900 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p • ~ 

bar. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 49.49 91.70 o.oo 91.70 

300 49.52 92.01 0.31 91.70 

400 51.16 106.48 12.81 93.66 

500 52.80 118.07 20.65 97.42 

600 54.44 127.84 26.14 101.70 

700 56.08 136.36 30.30 106.05 

800 57.72 143.95 33.63 110.32 

900 59.36 150.84 36.40 114.45 

Melting T 1400 K 

kJ 

kJ 

A• -1.640E+02 B• 8.830E-02 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-162.6 -136.6 

-162.6 -136.4 

-161.9 -127.8 

-161.3 -119.4 

-160.6 -111.0 

-164.8 -102.0 

-163.9 -93.1 

-162.9 -84.3 

Boiling T 

A,.JJo 

Molar Vol. 

C• 9.946E+04 

23.93 

23.76 

16.69 

12.47 

9.67 

7.61 

6.08 

4.90 

K 

kJ 

3 .149 J • bar·•i 

31.49 cm3 1 

9/25/~2 
166 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

STIBNITE Formula wt 339.698 

sb2s 3 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 900 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas 

at p = 1 bar. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (BT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 119.75 182.00 0.00 182.00 

300 119.81 182.74 0.74 182.00 

400 123.38 217.70 30.96 186.74 

500 126.46 245.58 49.76 195.82 

600 128.94 268.86 62.76 206.10 

700 130.92 288.89 72.36 216.53 

800 132.51 306.48 79.78 226.70 

900 133.80 322.17 85.72 236.45 

Melting T 829 K 

A._ao kJ 

kJ 

A • -3.338E+02 8 • 2.315E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Afao AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-344.3 

-344.3 

-342.2 

-340.1 

-338.0 

-335.9 

-334.0 

-332.2 

-269.4 47.19 

-269.8 46.82 

-244.1 31.88 

-219.8 22.96 

-195.9 17.06 

-172.4 12.87 

-149.2 9.74 

-126.2 7.33 

Boiling T 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 7. 341 J • bar·• 

73.41 cm3 

C • -4.19E+05 

4/1/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 167 

I 

I 

BERZENBERGITE Formula wt 150.7761 

SnS: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 875 K; cubic crystals 875 to melting point 1153 K. 

Liquid 1153 to 1300 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p = 1 bar. 

Temp. 

K 

298.15 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1000 

1100 

1200 

1300 

Melting T 

so T (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

--------------- J•mol-1 ·K-1 -------------

49.25 77.00 o.oo 77.00 

49.32 77.30 0.30 77.00 

50.89 91.76 12.81 78.96 

52.03 103.22 20.52 82.70 

54.52 112.91 25.96 86.95 

58.41 121.50 30.30 91.20 

63.50 129.71 34.12 95.59 

54.04 137.47 37.81 99.66 

57.07 143.32 39.59 103.73 

60.11 148.90 41.32 107.58 

75.61 181.98 69.64 112.34 

75.61 188.03 70.10 117.93 

1153 K 

31.59 kJ 

kJ 

A= -1.696E+02 B= 8.941E-02 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-170.8 -144.5 25.31 

-170.8 -144.3 25.13 

-170.2 -135.6 17.71 

-169.8 -127.0 13.26 

-176.4 -117.1 10.19 

-175.4 -107.3 8.00 

-173.9 -97.7 6.38 

-171.8 -88.1 5.11 

-170.9 -78.9 4.12 

-169.7 -69.7 3.31 

-136.3 -62.0 2.70 

-133.5 -55.9 2.25 

Boiling T K 

A-JIO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.901 J•bar·• 

29.01 cm3 

C= -1.74E+05 

4/1/92 
168 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BERNDTITE Formula wt 182.842 

sns2 : Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas at 

p = 1 bar. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 4fHo AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 70.12 87.50 o.oo 87.50 -278.4 -221.2 38.75 

300 70.17 87.93 0.43 87.50 -278.4 -220.8 38.45 

400 72.05 108.41 18.13 90.28 -277.4 -201.8 26.35 

500 73.52 124.64 29.06 95.58 -276.6 -183.0 19.12 

600 75.19 138.19 36.60 101.59 -282.8 -163.1 14.19 

700 77.13 149.92 42.25 107.67 -281.6 -143.2 10.69 

800 79.33 160.36 46.75 113.61 -280.2 -123.5 8.06 

900 81.74 169.84 50.50 119.34 -278.6 -104.0 6.04 

1000 84.33 178.59 53.75 124.84 -276.9 -84.7 4.42 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho lcJ 

A .. H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.096 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& kJ 40.96 cm3 

A• -2.818E+02 B• 1.973E-Ol C• 1.613B+05 

4/1/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 169 

TUNGSTENITB Formula wt 247.98~ 

WS2: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1500 K.· Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gaa at~ 

• 1 bar. 

Temp. co 

p so T (Hf-&~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 63.83 67.80 o.oo 67.80 

300 63.99 68.20 0.39 67.80 

400 69.67 87.50 17.10 70.39 

500 72.41 103.37 27.92 ' 75.45 

600 74.01 116.72 35.48 81.25 

700 75.09 128.22 41.06 87.15 

800 75.90 138.30 45.37 92.93 

900 76.57 147.28 48.80 98.48 

1000 77.16 155.38 51.61 103.77 

1100 77.71 162.76 53.95 108.80 

1200 78.24 169.54 55.96 113.58 

1300 78.76 175.82 57.69 118.13 

1400 79.29 181.68 59.21 122.47 

1500 79.83 187.17 60.57 126.60 

Melting T K 

kJ 

11.01 kJ 

A• -3.610E+02 B• 1.782E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-370.2 -312.7 54.77 

-370.2 -312.3 54.37 

-369.3 -293.1 38.28 

-368.1 -274.2 28.65 

-366.9 -255.6 22.25 

-365.6 -237.1 17.69 

-364.4 -218.8 14.29 

-363.1 -200.7 11.65 

-361.9 -182.7 9.54 

-360.6 -164.9 7.83 

-359.4 -147.1 6.40 

-358.2 -129.5 5.20 

-357.0 -111.9 4.18 

-355.8 -94.5 3.29 

Boiling T 239.1 

Molar Vol. 3.207 J•bar· 

32.07 . cm3 

C= -4.51E+05 

4/1/~2 

I 

I 
170 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SPHALERITE Formula wt 97.456 

ZnS: Cubic crystals to 1300 K. Wurtzite is the stable form of ZnS above 1300 K. 

Reference state for sulfur is ideal s2 gas at p • 1 bar. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·x-1 

298.15 45.76 58.70 o.oo 58.70 

300 45.82 58.98 0.28 58.70 

400 48.30 72.53 12.00 60.53 

500 49.93 83.50 19.43 64.06 

600 51.12 92.71 24.62 68.09 

700 52.04 100.66 28.47 72.19 

800 52.79 107.66 31.47 76.19 

900 53.42 113.92 33.87 80.04 

1000 53.96 119.57 35.85 83.72 

1100 54.43 124.74 37.52 87.22 

1200 54.85 129.49 38.95 90.54 

1300 55.23 133.90 40.19 93.71 

Melting T 

kJ 

8.82 kJ 

A• -2.821E+02 8• 1.131E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-268.4 -239.5 41.95 

-268.4 -239.3 41.66 

-267.9 -229.7 29.99 

-267.4 -220.2 23.00 

-266.9 -210.7 18.35 

-273.8 -201.3 15.02 

-273.5 -191.0 12.47 

-273.2 -180.7 10.49 

-272.8 -170.4 8.90 

-272.4 -160.2 7.61 

-387.1 -148.1 6.45 

-385.6 -128.2 5.15 

Boiling T 

A,.Jio kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 383 J•bar·• 

23.83 cm3 

C• 8.609E+05 

01/06/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES : 17f 

WURTZITB Formula wt i 

97.45~ 

! 

I 

ZnS: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1300 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas at p 

= 1 bar. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-&~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 45.89 58.80 0.00 

300 45.96 59.08 0.28 

400 48.72 72.74 12.09 

500 50.13 83.77 19.57 

600 51.09 93.00 24.75 

700 51.86 100.94 28.57 

800 52.55 107.91 31.52 

900 53.21 114.13 33.90 

1000 53.86 119.77 35.86 

1100 54.50 124.94 37.52 

1200 55.15 129.71 38.97 

1300 55.80 134.15 40.24 

Melting T 

kJ 

8.85 kJ 

A= -2.8172B+02 

-(GT-&~ 98 )/T 

58.80 

58.80 

60.64 

64.20 

68.25 

72.37 

76.38 

80.24 

83.91 

87.41 

90.74 

93.91 

B• 1.1284E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfRO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-268.1 -239.2 

-268.1 -239.0 

-267.6 -229.4 

-267.1 -219.9 

-266.6 -210.5 

-273.5 -201.2 

-273.2 -190.9 

-272.9 -180.6 

-272.5 -170.3 

-272.1 -160.1 

-386.8 -148.0 

-385.2 -128.2 

Boiling T 

A.,.Jio 

Molar Vol. 

c- s.613E+06 

Log Kf 

41.91 

41.62 

29.96 

22.97 

18.33 

15.01 

12.46 

10.48 

8.90 

7.60 

6.44 

5.15 

kJ 

2.385 J•bart 

23.85 cm3 

01/06~93 
172 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BERTHIERITE Formula wt 427.611 

FeSb2S4: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 836 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas 

at p == 1 bar. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 175.23 245.00 o.oo 245.00 -513.4 -415.2 72.75 

300 175.60 246.09 1.08 245.00 -513.3 -414.6 72.18 

400 186.17 298.40 46.33 252.06 -509.5 -382.2 49.91 

500 189.05 340.31 74.64 265.67 -505.8 -350.8 36.65 

600 190.44 374.90 93.83 281.07 -502.3 -320.1 27.87 

700 191.92 404.37 107.73 296.63 -499.2 -290.0 21.64 

800 193.91 430.12 118.37 311.74 -496.6 -260.3 17.00 

900 196.48 453.10 126.91 326.20 -494.4 -230.9 13.40 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwpBO kJ 

A .. ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 9.222 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-aa kJ 92.22 cm3 

A• -4.957E+02 B= 2.954E-01 C• -6.84E+05 

2/17/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 173 

CHALCOSTIBITE Formula wt 249.428 

cusbs2 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 tO 826 K. Reference state for sulfur is ideal s 2 gas 

at p = 1 bar. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T 

K 

298.15 100.15 149.20 

300 100.22 149.82 

400 104.26 179.20 

500 108.30 202.90 

600 112.34 223.01 

700 116.38 240.63 

800 120.42 256.43 

900 124.46 270.85 

Melti~g T 826 K 

kJ 

kJ 

A= -2.486E+02 

(HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

J•mol-1 ·K-1 

o.oo 149.20 

0.62 149.20 

26.02 153.18 

42.07 160.83 

53.45 169.56 

62.15 178.48 

69.18 187.25 

75.10 195.75 

B= 1.377E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-259.4 -212.4 

-259.4 -212.1 

-257.5 -196.6 

-255.5 -181.6 

-253.3 -167.0 

-250.9 -152.9 

-248.3 -139.0 

-245.5 -125.5 

Boiling T 

A.,.Jio 

Molar Vol. 

C= -4.38E+05 

Log Kf 

37.21 

36.93 

25.68 

18.97 

14.54 

11.41 

9.08 

7.29 

K 

kJ 

5. 006 J• bar·• 

50.06 cm3 

2/17/9f3 
174 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CORUNDUM Formula wt 101.961 

Al203: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 79.10 50.92 o.oo 50.92 -1675.7 -1582.3 277.20 

300 79.53 51 •. 41 0.49 50.92 -1675.7 -1581.7 275.39 

400 96.45 76.87 22.60 54.28 -1676.3 -1550.2 202.43 

500 106.04 99.51 38.40 61.11 -1676.0 -1518.7 158.66 

600 112.31 119.43 50.23 69.21 -1675.3 -1487.3 129.48 

700 116.79 137.10 59.43 77.67 -1674.4 -1456.1 108.65 

800 120.19 152.93 66.82 86.10 -1673.5 -1424.9 93.04 

900 122.88 167.24 72.91 94.34 -1672.7 -1393.9 80.90 

1000 125.08 180.31 78.02 102.29 -1693.4 -1361.5 71.12 

1100 126.93 192.32 82.38 109.93 -1692.3 -1328.3 63.08 

1200 128.52 203.43 86.16 117.27 -1691.2 -1295.3 56.38 

1300 129.91 213.78 89.48 124.30 -1690.0 -1262.3 50.72 

1400 131.13 223.45 92.41 131.04 -1688.8 -1229.5 45.87 

1500 132.23 232.53 95.03 137.51 -1687.4 -1196.8 41.67 

1600 133.23 241.10 97.39 143.72 -1686.0 -1164.1 38.00 

1700 134.14 249.21 99.52 149.68 -1684.5 -1131.5 34.77 

1800 134.99 256.90 101.47 155.43 -1683 .• 0 -1099.0 31.89 

Melting T 2345 K Boiling T J( 

A_,Ho kJ 

AJU)io kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 558 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 10.016 kJ 25.58 cm3 

A• -1.686E+03 B• 3.257E-01 C• 6.538E+05 

4/4/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 175 

BOEHMITE 

AlO(OH): Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 600 K. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (H.f-H~ 98 )/T -(G.f-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 54.24 37.20 o.oo 37.20 

300 54.50 37.54 0.34 37.20 

400 66.40 54.95 15.46 39.49 

500 74.51 70.70 26.51 44.19 

600 80.03 84.80 35.00 49.80 

Kelting T K 

kJ 

8.83 kJ 

A• -9.976E+02 B• 2.646E-01 

Formula wt 59. 988 ! 

FORMATION FROM THB BLEMENTS 

Afao AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-996.4 -918.4 

-996.4 -917.9 

-997.3 -891.6 

-997.3 -865.2 

-997.0 -838.8 

Boiling T 

A.,.Jio 

Kolar Vol. 

C• 2.644E+04 

Log Kf 

160.90 

159.82 

116.43 

90.38 

73.02 

K 

kJ 

1.954 J•bar·1 

19.54 cm3 

8/27/~2 

I 

I 

I 

-,:1' .... ,..1 
176 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERnES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

DIBORON TRIOXIDE Formula wt 69.620 

s2o3: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to melting point 723 K. 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 177 

BARIUM MONOXIDE 

BaO: CUbic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T 

K ------- J•mol-1 ·x-1 ------

298.15 47.28 72.07 0.00 72.07 

300 47.35 72.36 0.29 72.07 

400 49.98 86.37 12.41 73.96 

500 51.78 97.73 20.11 77.62 

600 53.17 107.30 25.51 81.79 

700 54.33 115.58 29.55 86.04 

800 55.36 122.91 32.71 90.20 

900 56.29 129.48 35.28 94.20 

1000 57.15 135.46 37.42 98.03 

1100 57.96 140.94 39.25 101.69 

1200 58.73 146.02 40.85 105.17 

1300 59.48 150.75 42.25 108.50 

1400 60.19 155.18 43.51 111.68 

1500 60.89 159.36 44.64 114.72 

1600 61.58 163.31 45.68 117.63 

1700 62.25 167.07 46.63 120.43 

1800 62.90 170.64 47.52 123.12 

Melting T 2286 K 

A~o kJ 

8~ 98-B& 9.98 kJ 

A• -5.518E+02 B• 9.893E-02 

Formula wt 153.326 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

-548.1 -520.4 91.17 

-548.1 -520.2 90.58 

-547.7 -511.0 66.73 

-548.0 -501.8 52.42 

-548.9 -492.5 42.87 

-549.0 -483.1 36.05 

-549.5 -473.6 30.92 

-549.5 -464.1 26.94 

-549.5 -454.6 23.75 

-557.8 -444.3 21.10 

-557.8 -434.0 18.89 

-557.8 -423.7 17.02 

-557.6 -413.4 15.42 

-557.2 -403.1 14.04 

-556.8 -392.9 12.83 

-556.3 -382.6 11.76 

-555.8 -372.4 10.81 

Boiling T It 

vo· kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 559 J•bar·• 

25.59 cm3 

C• 2.781E-01 

8/27/92 

I 

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I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

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178 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BROMELLITE Formula wt 25.012 

BeO: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AtGO Log Kt 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 25.56 13.77 0.00 13.77 -609.4 -580.1 101.63 

300 25.76 13.93 0.16 13.77 -609.4 -579.9 100.97 

400 33.93 22.57 7.68 14.89 -609.7 -570.0 74.44 

500 38.90 30.71 13.46 17.25 -609.6 -560.1 58.51 

600 42.28 38.12 18.00 20.12 -609.4 -550.2 47.90 

700 44.73 44.83 21.65 23.18 -609.0 -540.4 40.32 

800 46.61 50.93 24.66 26.28 -608.6 -530.6 34.64 

900 48.09 56.51 27.18 29.33 -608.2 -520.9 30.23 

1000 49.30 61.64 29.33 32.31 -607.7 -511.2 26.70 

1100 50.31 66.39 31.20 35.19 -607.3 -501.6 23.82 

1200 51.18 70.81 32.83 37.98 -606.9 -492.0 21.41 

1300 51.94 74.93 34.27 40.66 -606.6 -482.4 19.38 

1400 52.62 78.81 35.55 43.25 -606.3 -472.9 17.64 

1500 53.24 82.46 36.71 45.75 -606.0 -463.4 16.14 

1600 53.82 85.91 37.77 48.15 -620.3 -453.5 14.80 

1700 54.37 89.19 38.73 50.47 -619.7 -443.1 13.61 

1800 54.90 92.32 39.61 52.71 -619.1 -432.7 12.56 

Melting T 2681 K Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

A._ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 0. 8309 J • bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 2.88 kJ 8.309 cm3 

A= -6.089E+02 B= 9.754E-02 C= -4.08E-02 

8/27/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 179 

BISMITE Formula wt 

Bi203: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1098 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - JW•mol-1 --

298.15 113.55 151.50 o.oo 151.50 -573.9 -493.5 86.45 

300 113.61 152.20 0.70 151.50 -573.9 -493.0 85.83 

400 116.94 185.34 29.34 156.00 -572.0 -466.3 60.89 

500 120.28 211.80 47.20 164.60 -570.2 -440.1 45.98 

600 123.62 234.02 59.66 174.36 -591.3 -411.9 35.86 

700 126.95 253.33 69.03 184.30 -589.5 -382.2 28.52 

800 130.29 270.50 76.48 194.02 -587.3 -352.7 23.03 

900 133.62 286.03 82.64 203.39 -584.7 -323.5 18.78 

1000 136.96 300.29 87.91 212.38 -581.9 -294.7 15.39 
180 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CARBON MONOXIDE Formula wt 28.010 

CO: Ideal gas at p == 1 bar, 298.15 to 2200 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 29.14 197.27 o.oo 197.27 -110.5 -137.1 24.01 

300 29.13 197.45 0.18 197.27 -110.5 -137.2 23.89 

400 29.15 205.80 7.39 198.41 -110.1 -146.2 19.09 

500 29.79 212.37 11.81 200.57 -110.0 -155.2 16.22 

600 30.55 217.87 14.87 203.00 -110.2 -164.·2 14.30 

700 31.29 222.64 17.16 205.48 -110.5 -173.2 12.93 

800 31.97 226.86 18.97 207.89 -110.9 -182.2 11.89 

900 32.58 230.66 20.45 210.21 -111.4 -191.0 11.09 

1000 33.14 234.12 21.69 212.43 -112.0 -199.9 10.44 

1100 33.64 237.31 22.75 214.55 -112.6 -208.6 9.91 

1200 34.09 240.25 23.68 216.57 -113.2 -217.3 9.46 

1300 34.50 243.00 24.50 218.50 -113.9 -226.0 9.08 

1400 34.86 245.57 25.22 220.34 -114.6 -234.6 8.75 

1500 35.18 247.98 25.88 222.11 -115.3 -243.1 8.47 

1600 35.47 250.26 26.47 223.80 -116.0 -251.6 8.21 

1700 35.72 252.42 27.01 225.42 -116.7 -260.1 7.99 

1800 35.94 ·254.47 27.50 226.97 -117.4 -268.5 7.79 

Melting T 68.05 K Boiling T K 

A-Jio kJ 

Aa.Ho 0.837 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 8.67 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

A• -1.131E+02 B• -8.667E-02 C• 1.858E+05 

4/4/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 181 

CARBON DIOXIDE Formula wt 44.010 

C02: Ideal gas at p = 1 bar, 298.15 to 2200 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 37.12 213.79 o.oo 213.79 -393.5 -394.4 69.09 

300 37.20 214.02 0.23 213.79 -393.5 -394.4 68.67 

400 41.20 225.28 9.98 215.30 -393.6 -394.7 51.54 

500 44.62 234.85 16.58 218.28 -393.7 -394.9 41.26 

600 47.39 243.24 21.49 221.75 -393.8 -395.2 34.40 

700 49.64 250.72 25.36 225.37 -394.0 -395.4 29.50 

800 51.48 257.47 28.51 228.96 -394.2 -395.6 25.83' 

900 53.01 263.63 31.15 232.48 -394.4 -395.7 22.97 

1000 54.29 269.28 33.40 235.88 -394.6 -395.9 20.68 

1100 55.38 274.51 35.35 239.16 -394.8 -396.0 18.80 

1200 56.31 279.37 37.06 242.31 -395.0 -396.1 17.24 

1300 57.10 283.90 38.57 245.34 -395.2 -396.1 15.92 

1400 57.79 288.16 39.92 248.25 -395.5 -396.2 14.78 

1500 58.38 292.17 41.13 251.04 -395.7 -396.3 13.80 

1600 58.90 295.95 42.23 253.73 -395.9 -396.3 12.94 

1700 59.35 299.54 43.22 256.32 -396.1 -396.3 12.18 

1800 59.74 302.94 44.13 258.82 -396.3 -396.3 11.50 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,.J:Io kJ 

AuH0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB 9.36 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

A= -3.944E+02 B= -1.248E-03 C• 5.480E-02 

12/17/91 
182 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

LIME Formula wt 56.077 

CaO: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 42.07 38.10 o.oo 38.10 -635.1 -603.1 105.66 

300 42.21 38.36 0.26 38.10 -635.1 -602.9 104.97 

400 46.99 51.25 11.43 39.83 -634.7 -592.2 77.33 

500 49.34 62.01 18.80 43.22 -634.2 -581.6 60.76 

600 50.72 71.14 24.01 47.13 -633.7 -571.2 49.72 

700 51.65 79.03 27.90 51.14 -633.4 -560.8 41.84 

800 52.35 85.98 30.91 55.07 -634.0 -550.3 35.93 

900 52.90 92.18 33.32 58.85 -634.0 -539.9 31.33 

1000 53.36 97.78 35.31 62.47 -634.2 -529.4 27.65 

1100 53.77 102.88 36.97 65.91 -634.7 -518.9 24.64 

1200 54.13 107.58 38.38 69.19 -643.3 -507.7 22.10 

1300 54.47 111.92 39.61 72.32 -643.1 -496.4 19.95 

1400 54.80 115.97 40.68 75.29 -643.0 -485.1 18.10 

1500 55.10 119.76 41.63 78.13 -642.8 -473.8 16.50 

1600 55.40 123.33 42.48 80.84 -642.6 -462.6 15.10 

1700 55.68 126.69 43.25 83.44 -642.4 -451.3 13.87 

1800 55.96 129.88 43.95 85.94 -790.9 -437.9 12.71 

Melting T 3200 K Boiling T K 

A_,ao kJ 

Atu.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 6 7 6 J • bar·• 

a~98-aa 6.75 kJ 16.76 cm3 

A= -6.395E+02 8• 1.105E-01 C= 3.497E+05 

8/27/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 183 

PORTLANDITE Formula wt 74.093 

Ca(OH)2: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 700 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 87.51 83.40 o.oo 83.40 -986.1 -898.0 157.33 

300 87.75 83.94 0.54 83.40 -986.1 -897.5 156.27 

400 97.94 110.71 23.73 86.98 -985.3 -868.1 113.36 

500 104.19 133.29 39.24 94.05 -983.9 -838.9 87.64 

600 108.23 152.67 50.43 102.24 -982.3 -810.1 70.52 

700 110.89 169.57 58.89 110.68 -980.7 -781.5 58.32 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

Aflllao kJ 

Molar Vol. 3. 306 J• bar·• 

H~ 98-a& 14.16 kJ 33.06 cm3 

A= -9.810E+02 B= 2.857E-01 C= -1.98E+05 

4/8/92 
184 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CERIANITE Formula wt 172.114 

cao2 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 61.63 62.30 o.oo 62.30 -1088.7 -1024.6 179.51 

300 61.78 62.68 0.38 62.30 -1088.7 -1024.2 178.33 

400 67.52 81.33 16.52 64.80 -1087.9 -1002.9 130.96 

500 70.83 96.78 27.08 69.70 -1086.9 -981.7 102.56 

600 73.11 109.91 34.57 75.33 -1085.9 -960.7 83.64 

700 74.86 121.31 40.21 81.11 -1085.0 -940.0 70.14 

800 76.29 131.40 44.63 86.77 -1084.1 -919.3 60.02 

900 77.52 140.46 48.22 92.25 -1083.4 -898.7 52.16 

1000 78.62 148.69 51.20 97.48 -1085.7 -878.3 45.87 

1100 79.63 156.23 53.74 102.49 -1090.5 -857.4 40.71 

1200 80.56 163.20 55.94 107.26 -1089.8 -836.2 36.40 

1300 81.45 169.68 57.87 111.81 -1089.1 -815.2 32.75 

1400 82.29 175.75 59.58 116.17 -1088.3 -794.1 29.63 

1500 83.09 181.45 61.12 120.33 -1087.4 -773.1 26.92 

1600 83.88 186.84 62.52 124.32 -1086.5 -752.2 24.56 

1700 84.64 191.95 63.80 128.15 -1085.6 -731.3 22.47 

1800 85.38 196.81 64.98 131.83 -1084.5 -710.5 20.62 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

!_,HO kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 385 J• bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 10.37 kJ 23.85 cm3 

A= -1.0865E+03 B= 2.088E-01 C= -5.536!;-02 

8/27/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPER11ES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 185 

COBALT MONOXIDE Formula wt 74.933 

CoO: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 43.34 52.83 o.oo 52.83 -237.9 -214.1 37.51 

300 43.62 53.10 0.27 52.83 -237.9 -214.0 37.25 

400 51.88 67.04 12.37 54.68 -237.1 -206.1 26.91 

500 54.00 78.90 20.53 58.37 -236.0 -198.5 20.73 

600 54.51 88.80 26.16 62.64 -235.1 -191.0 16.63 

700 54.67 97.22 30.22 66.99 -234.3 -183.8 13.71 

800 54.90 104.53 33.29 71.24 -234.1 -176.5 11.53 

900 55.30 111.02 35.71 75.30 -233.6 -169.4 9.83 

1000 55.92 116.87 37.70 79.17 -233.4 -162.3 8.48 

1100 56.75 122.24 39.39 82.85 -233.3 -155.2 7.37 

1200 57.76 127.22 40.88 86.34 -233.5 -148.0 6.44 

1300 58.95 131.89 42.22 89.67 -234.1 -140.9 5.66 

1400 60.28 136.30 43.46 92.84 -235.1 -133.8 4.99 

1500 61.75 140.51 44.63 95.88 -234.9 -126.6 4.41 

1600 63.34 144.55 45.75 98.80 -234.4 -119.4 3.90 

1700 65.03 148.44 46.84 101.60 -233.6 -112.2 3.45 

1800 66.81 152.21 47.90 104.31 -249.0 -104.6 3.04 

Melting T 2078 K Boiling T K 

A_,HO kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.164 J•bar·1 

&~ 98-H& 9.45 kJ 11.64 cm3 

A• -2.336E+02 B• 7.152E-02 C• -1.63B+05 

9/9/92 
186 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

TRICOBALT TETROXIDE Formula wt 240.797 

Co304: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 123.39 109.30 o.oo 109.30 -918.8 -802.2 140.54 

300 123.85 110.06 0.76 109.30 -918.8 -801.5 139.54 

400 142.51 148.50 34.08 114.42 -919.0 -762.3 99.54 

500 154.69 181.68 57.05 124.63 -918.5 -723.1 75.54 

600 164.32 210.76 74.15 136.61 -917.5 -684.1 59.56 

700 172.75 236.73 87.64 149.09 -916.3 -645.4 48.16 

800 180.54 260.31 98.77 161.54 -916.2 -606.5 39.60 

900 187.96 282.01 108.27 173.74 -914.6 -567.9 32.96 

1000 195.14 302.18 116.60 185.58 -913.1 -529.5 27.66 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A..,Ho kJ 

Aa.Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.977 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 18.13 kJ 39.77 cm3 

A= -9.157E+02 B= 3.866E-01 C= -1.61E+05 

9/9/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 187 

ESKOLAITE Formula wt 151.990 

Cr203: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 105.41 81.20 o.oo 81.20 -1134.7 -1053.1 184.49 

300 105.63 81.85 0.65 81.20 -1134.7 -1052.6 183.26 

400 113.62 113.48 28.02 85.46 -1133.1 -1025.4 133.90 

500 117.83 139.32 45.60 93.73 -1131.3 -998.7 104.33 

600 120.55 161.06 57.87 103.19 -1129.5 -972.4 84.65 

700 122.58 179.80 66.98 112.82 -1127.8 -946.3 70.62 

800 124.22 196.28 74.03 122.25 -1126.2 -920.5 60.10 

900 125.65 211.00 79.69 131.31 -1124.8 -894.9 51.94 

1000 126.95 224.30 84.35 139.95 -1123.7 -869.4 45.41 

1100 128.15 236.46 88.28 148.18 -1122.7 -844.1 40.08 

1200 129.30 247.66 91.65 156.01 -1122.1 -818.7 35.64 

1300 130.40 258.05 94.59 163.46 -1121.7 -793.5 31.88 

1400 131.47 267.76 97.19 170.57 -1121.7 -768.2 28.66 

1500 132.52 276.86 99.51 177.36 -1122.0 -743.0 25.87 

1600 133.55 285.45 101.60 183.85 -1122.6 -717.7 23.43 

1700 134.56 293.58 103.51 190.06 -1123.6 -692.4 21.27 

1800 135.57 301.29 105.26 196.03 -1125.0 -666.9 19.35 

Melting T 2603 K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A,.ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 909 J•bar·1 

8~ 98-H& 9.45 kJ 29.09 cm3 

A• -1.1225E+03 B• 2.533E-01 C• -5.635E-01 

10/1/92 
188 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

TENORITE Formula wt 79.545 

CuO: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1400 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-a~ a)/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 42.30 42.60 o.oo 42.60 -156.1 -128.3 22.48 

300 42.44 42.86 0.26 42.60 -156.1 -128.2 22.32 

400 47.07 55.80 11.47 44.33 -155.6 -118.9 15.53 

500 49.32 66.57 18.83 47.74 -154.8 -109.9 11.48 

600 50.80 75.70 24.04 51.65 -154.0 -100.9 8.79 

700 51.98 83.62 27.95 55.67 -153.2 -92.2 6.88 

800 53.05 90.63 31.02 59.61 -152.3 -83.5 5.45 

900 54.09 96.94 33.53 63.41 -151.4 -74.9 4.35 

1000 55.13 102.69 35.64 67.06 -150.5 -66.5 3.47 

1100 56.18 108.00 37.46 70.54 -149.6 -58.1 2.76 

1200 57.25 112.93 39.06 73.87 -148.7 -49.9 2.17 

1300 58.33 117.56 40.50 77.05 -147.9 -41.7 1.67 

1400 59.43 121.92 41.81 80.10 -160.2 -33.1 1.23 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A,_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.222 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-aa 7.10 kJ 12.22 cm3 

A• -1.506E+02 B• 8.412E-02 C= -2.64E+05 

8/28/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT lllGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 189 

CUPRITE Formula wt 143.091 

Cu20: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1509 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 62.54 92.40 o.oo 92.40 -170.6 -147.8 25.89 

300 62.59 92.79 0.39 92.40 -170.6 -147.7 25.71 

400 67.18 111.37 16.47 94.90 -170.6 -140.0 18.28 

500 71.49 126.85 27.07 99.79 -170.3 -132.4 13.83 

600 74.27 140.16 34.72 105.43 -169.8 -124.9 10.87 

700 76.00 151.74 40.50 111.24 -169.3 -117.4 8.76 

800 77.28 161.98 45.02 116.95 -168.7 -110.0 7.18 

900 78.60 171.15 48.68 122.48 -168.2 -102.7 5.96 

1000 80.33 179.52 51.75 127.77 -167.6 -95.5 4.99 

1100 82.76 187.29 54.46 132.83 -167.0 -88.3 4.19 

3.200 86.10 194.62 56.95 137.68 -166.4 -81.2 3.53 

].300 90.51 201.68 59.35 142.33 -165.6 -74.1 2.98 

1400 96.12 208.59 61.77 146.82 -191.0 -66.2 2.47 

1500 103.03 215.45 64.28 151.16 -189.4 -57.4 2.00 

Kelting T 1509 K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A,..H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 344 J•bar·1 

H~98-HB kJ 23.44 cm3 

A= -1.690E+02 B= 7.367E-02 C= -6.26E+04 

8/26/92 
190 niERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

WUSTITE Formula wt 68.887 

Fe.947o: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to melting point 1652 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (HT-H398)/T -(GT-H398)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 48.13 56.60 o.oo 56.60 -266.3 -244.9 42.91 

300 48.27 56.90 0.30 56.60 -266.3 -244.8 42.62 

400 51.99 71.43 12.87 58.56 -265.2 -237.8 31.05 

500 52.78 83.13 20.79 62.34 -264.2 -231.1 24.14 

600 53.04 92.78 26.15 66.64 -263.4 -224.6 19.55 

700 53.38 100.98 30.01 70.97 -262.8 -218.1 16.28 

800 53.95. 108.14 32.97 75.18 -262.6 -211.8 13.83 

900 54.76 114.54 35.34 79.20 -262.7 -205.4 11.92 

1000 55.80 120.36 37.33 83.03 -263.4 -199.0 10.40 

1100 57.05 125.74 39.07 86.67 -264.9 -192.5 9.14 

1200 58.48 130.76 40.62 90.14 -265.6 -185.9 8.09 

1300 60.05 135.51 42.06 93.45 -264.7 -179.3 7.20 

1400 61.76 140.02 43.40 96.62 -263.7 -172.8 6.45 

1500 63.58 144.34 44.69 99.65 -262.7 -166.3 5.79 

1600 65.51 148.50 45.93 102.58 -261.6 -159.9 5.22 

Melting T 1652 K Boiling T K 

Av.Jio kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.204 J•bar·• 

8 398-H6 kJ 12.04 cm3 

A• -2.632E+02 B= 6.455E-02 C= -8.06E+04 

2/5/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 191 

fERROUS OXIDE (Fictive) Formula wt 71.846 

leO: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 47.68 60.60 o.oo 60.60 -272.0 -251.4 44.05 

300 47.75 60.90 0.29 60.60 -272.0 -251.3 43.75 

400 50.26 75.03 12.52 62.51 -271.2 -244.5 31.93 

500 51.47 86.39 20.20 66.19 -270.5 -237.9 24.85 

600 52.26 95.84 25.48 70.36 -269.9 -231.5 20.15 

700 52.91 103.95 29.35 74.60 -269.6 -225.1 16.79 

800 53.51 111.05 32.33 78.72 -269.6 -218.7 14.28 

900 54.11 117.39 34.72 82.67 -270.0 -212.3 12.32 

1000 54.72 123.12 36.69 86.43 -271.0 -205.9 10.75 

1100 55.34 128.37 38.36 90.01 -273.0 -199.3 9.46 

1200 55.98 133.21 39.80 93.41 -274.1 -192.5 8.38 

1300 56.63 137.72 41.07 96.65 -273.7 -185.7 7.46 

1400 57.30 141.94 42.20 99.73 -273.3 -179.0 6.68 

1500 57.98 145.91 43.23 102.68 -273.0 -172.3 6.00 

1600 58.68 149.68 44.18 105.50 -272.7 -165.6 5.40 

1700 59.38 153.26 45.05 108.21 -273.4 -158.8 4.88 

1800 60.10 156.67 45.87 110.81 -273.6 -152.1 4.41 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A .. H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.200 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-B& kJ 12.00 cm3 

A• -2.719E+02 B• 6.634E-02 C• 7.599E+04 

2/24/94 
192 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

HEMATITE Formula wt 159.692 

Fe2o3 : Rhombohedral crystal 298.15 to Ne61 temperature 950 K. Hexagonal crystals 950 to 

1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~g )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

It J•mol-1·1t-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 104.05 87.40 o.oo 87.40 -826.2 -744.4 130.41 

300 104.32 88.04 0.64 87.40 -826.2 -743.9 129.51 

400 120.29 120.27 28.59 91.68 -824.6 -716.6 93.58 

500 131.72 148.44 48.16 100.28 -822.3 -689.9 72.07 

600 139.33 173.16 62.75 110.41 -819.6 -663.6 57.77 

700 146.52 195.17 74.19 120.98 -816.9 -637.8 47.59 

800 156.12 215.32 83.79 131.53 -814.0 -612.4 39.99 

900 170.22 234.47 92.57 141.90 -810.9 -587.4 34.09 

950 179.45 243.91 96.89 147.03 -809.3 -575.3 31.65 

950 151.69 244.58 97.54 147.03 -807.9 -575.3 31.65 

1000 148.49 252.27 100.16 152.11 -808.9 -562.8 29.40 

1100 143.55 266.18 104.32 161.86 -810.8 -538.0 25.55 

1200 140.74 278.53 107.45 171.08 -811.9 -513.2 22.34 

1300 140.07 289.76 109.98 179.78 -810.1 -488.4 19.62 

1400 141.42 300.18 112.16 188.02 -808.5 -463.8 17.30 

1500 144.64 310.03 114.21 195.82 -806.9 -439.2 15.29 

1600 149.58 319.52 116.26 203.26 -805.2 -414.7 13.54 

1700 156.06 328.77 118.40 210.37 -804.9 -390.3 11.99 

1800 163.95 337.91 120.71 217.20 -803.1 -366.0 10.62 

Melting T 1895 It Boiling T It 

AwJIO kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3. 027 J• bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 65.10 kJ 30.27 cm3 

A• -8.089E+02 8• 2.466E-01 C• -8.423E+05 

9/9/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 193 

MAGNETITE Formula wt 231.539 

Fe304z CUbic (ferrimagnetic) crystals 298.15 to Neel temperature 845.5 K. Cubic 

crystals (paramagnetic) 845.5 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 150.90 146.14 o.oo 146.14 -1115.7 -1012.7 177.42 

300 151.40 147.07 0.93 146.14 -1114.6 -1012.1 176.21 

400 176.18 194.21 41.81 152.40 -1113.0 -977.9 127.70 

500 192.90 235.43 70.45 164.98 -1109.2 -944.5 98.67 

600 207.91 271.89 92.08 179.81 -1104.8 -912.0 79.40 

700 228.68 305.38 110.00 195.38 -1099.5 -880.3 65.69 

800 260.76 337.86 126.70 211.16 -1092.7 -849.4 55.46 

845.5 330.50 354.00 135.66 218.34 -1087.8 -835.3 51.60 

900 213.93 369.13 142.05 227.08 -1085.1 -819.5 47.56 

1000 205.97 391.22 148.81 242.41 -1085.5 -790.0 41.27 

1100 201.45 410.62 153.78 256.84 -1089.1 -760.3 36.10 

1200 199.28 428.04 157.65 270.39 -1091.0 -730.4 31.79 

1300 198.76 443.96 160.82 283.14 -1088.6 -700.4 28.14 

1400 199.43 458.71 163.55 295.16 -1086.5 -670.6 25.02 

1500 201.00 472.52 165.99 306.53 -1084.6 -641.0 22.32 

1600 203.23 485.56 168.24 317.32 -1082.9 -611.5 19.96 

1700 205.99 497.96 170.38 327.58 -1084.1 -582.0 17.88 

1800 209.15 509.82 172.45 337.37 -1083.7 -552.4 16.03 

Melting T 1870 K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 452 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-Ht, 102.80 kJ 44.52 cm3 

A• -1.086E+03 8= 2.969E-01 c+ -1.437E+06 

9/9/92 
194 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

STEAM Formula wt 18.015 

H2o: Ideal gas at p = 1 bar, 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H298)/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 33.59 188.84 o.oo 188.84 -241.8 -228.6 40.05 

300 33.59 189.05 0.21 188.84 -241.8 -228.5 39.79 

400 34.04 198.75 8.59 190.16 -242.9 -223.9 29.24 

500 35.09 206.45 13.78 192.67 -243.9 -219.0 22.88 

600 36.34 212.96 17.43 195.52 -244.8 -214.0 18.63 

700 37.66 218.66 20.23 198.43 -245.7 -208.8 15.58 

800 38.97 223.77 22.49 201.28 -246.5 -203.5 13.28 

900, 40.27 228.44 24.39 204.05 -247.2 -198.0 11.49 

1000 41.53 232.75 26.04 206.70 -247.8 -192.6 10.06 

1100 42.76 236.76 27.51 209.26 -248.4 -187.0 8.88 

1200 43.94 240.53 28.83 211.71 -248.9 -181.4 7.90 

1300 45.07 244.10 30.03 214.06 -249.4 -175.7 7.06 

1400 46.15 247.48 31.15 216.33 -249.8 -170.1 6.35 

1500 47.19 250.70 32.18 218.51 -250.2 -164.4 5.72 

1600 48.18 253.77 33.15 220.62 -250.5 -158.6 5.18 

1700 49.12 256.72 34.06 222.66 -250.7 -152.9 4.70 

1800 50.01 259.56 34.93 224.63 -251.0 -147.1 4.27 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A,_H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·• 

H298-H8 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

A= -2.4896E+02 B= 5.632E-02 C= 3.354E+05 

8/26/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 195 

DIPOTASSIUM MONOXIDE 

K2o: Cubic crystals 29S~.15 to 1200 K. 

Temp. co 

p set 

~~ (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ a)/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 83.68 94 .. 10 o.oo 94.10 

300 83.79 94 .. 62 0.52 94.10 

400 88.89 119 .• 45 21.99 97.45 

500 93.39 139 .• 77 35.83 103.94 

600 97.64 157.17 45.78 111.40 

700 101.78 172.54 53.48 119.05 

800 105.85 186.39 59.77 126.62 

900 109.90 199.10 65.12 133.98 

1000 113.92 210.88 69.80 141.08 

1100 117.92 221.93 73.99 147.94 

1200 121.92 232.36 77.82 154.54 

Melting T 

kJ 

li:J 

A• -3.8l.6E+02 B• 1.640E-Ol 

Formula wt 94.196 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-363.2 -322.1 

-363.2 -321.9 

-367.0 -307.3 

-365.6 -292.6 

-363.7 -278.1 

-361.4 -264.0 

-358.6 -250.3 

-355.5 -237.0 

-352.0 -224.0 

-506.2 -202.1 

-500.2 -174.7 

Boiling T 

Molar Vol. 

C• 1.032E+06 

Log Kf 

56.43 

56.04 

40.13 

30.56 

24.21 

19.70 

16.34 

13.75 

11.70 

9.60 

7.61 

K 

kJ 

4.038 J•bar·• 

40.38 cm3 

5/20/93 
196 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

DILITHIUM MONOXIDE Formula wt 29.881 

Li2o: Cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1700 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 54.10 37.60 o.oo 37.60 -597.9 -561.2 98.31 

300 54.33 37.94 0.33 37.60 -597.9 -561.0 97.67 

400 63.61 54.96 15.10 39.86 -598.7 -548.5 71.63 

500 69.52 69.83 25.43 44.40 -605.4 -535.3 55.92 

600 73.98 82.91 33.16 49.75 -605.7 -521.2 45.38 

700 77.67 94.60 39.26 55.34 -605.6 -507.1 37.84 

800 80.87 105.19 44.27 60.92 -605.2 -493.1 32.20 

900 83.72 114.88 48.50 66.38 -604.4 -479.1 27.81 

1000 86.29 123.83 52.15 71.68 -603.4 -465.3 24.30 

1100 88.63 132.17 55.36 76.81 -602.2 -451.5 21.44 

1200 90.76 139.98 58.22 81.75 -600.7 -437.9 19.06 

1300 92.70 147.32 60.80 86.51 -599.1 -424.4 17.05 

1400 94.46 154.25 63.15 91.11 -597.3 -411.0 15.33 

1500 96.05 160.83 65.29 95.54 -595.3 -397.7 13.85 

1600 97.47 167.07 67.25 99.82 -593.2 -384.6 12.56 

1700 98.72 173.02 69.07 103.95 -881.4 -357.3 10.98 

Melting T 1700 K Boiling T K 

A,..,Ho kJ 

A .. ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 4 7 6 J • bar·• 

H~ 98-H& kJ 14.76 cm3 

A= -6.086E+02 B= 1.425E-01 C= 4.563E+06 

12/7/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 197 

PERICLASE Formula wt 40.304 

MgO: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p S1~ (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-l·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 37.26 26.90 o.oo 26.90 -601.6 -569.3 99.74 

300 37.40 27.13 0.23 26.90 -601.6 -569.1 99.09 

400 42.70 38.70 10.26 28.44 -601.6 -558.3 72.90 

500 45.57 48 •. 57 17.06 31.51 -601.4 -547.4 57.19 

600 47.37 57 .. 05 21.97 35.07 -601.1 -536.7 46.72 

700 48.61 64 .. 45 25.69 38.75 -600.8 -526.0 39.25 

800 49.53 71 .. 00 28.62 42.38 -600.5 -515.3 33.64 

900 50.26 76 .. 88 30.98 45.89 -600.4 -504.7 29.29 

1000 50.87 82 .. 21 32.94 49.26 -608.9 -493.3 25.77 

1100 51.40 87 .. 08 34.60 52.48 -608.9 -481.8 22.88 

1200 51.90 91 .. 57 36.02 55.56 -609.0 -470.2 20.47 

1300 52.36 95 .• 75 37.26 58.49 -609.0 -458.6 18.43 

1400 52.82 99 .• 64 38.35 61.29 -736.4 -443.9 16.56 

1500 53.28 103 .• 30 39.33 63.97 -735.0 -423.1 14.73 

1600 53.76 106.76 40.22 66.54 -733.5 -402.3 13.13 

1700 54.25 110.03 41.03 69.00 -732.1 -381.7 11.73 

1800 54.76 113.15 41.78 71.37 -730.6 -361.1 10.48 

Melting T 3125 K Boiling T K 

A...,Ho kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.125 J•bar·• 

H~ 98 -Ht, 5.17 kJ 11.25 cm3 

A• -6.373E+02 B= 1.449E-01 C= 2.512E+06 

8/26/92 
198 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BRUCITE Formula wt 58.320 

Mg(OH) 2 : Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 900 K. 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 77.27 63.20 o.oo 63.20 -924.5 -833.5 146.02 

300 77.66 63.68 0.48 63.20 -924.5 -832.9 145.02 

400 91.89 88.23 21.78 66.45 -924.4 -802.4 104.78 

500 99.29 109.60 36.61 73.00 -923.4 -772.0 80.64 

600 104.00 128.15 47.47 80.68 -922.1 -741.8 64.58 

700 107.44 144.45 55.80 88.65 -920.6 -711.9 53.12 

800 110.20 158.98 62.43 96.55 -919.0 -682.1 44.54 

900 112.57 172.10 67.87 104.23 -917.3 -652.6 37.88 

Melting T Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 463 J • bar·• 

11.40 kJ 24.63 cm3 

A• -9.195B+02 B= 2.971E-01 C• -2.30E+05 

4/9/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 199 

MANGANOSITE Formula wt 70.937 

MnO: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 44.10 59.71 o.oo 59.71 -385.2 -362.9 63.58 

300 44.16 59.98 0.27 59.71 -385.2 -362.8 63.16 

4:00 46.81 73.07 11.60 61.48 -384.9 -355.3 46.40 

5,00 48.73 83.74 18.84 64.90 -384.5 -348.0 36.35 

600 50.24 92.76 23.95 68.81 -384.3 -340.7 29.66 

7'00 51.49 100.60 27.80 72.80 -384.1 -333.4 24.88 

BOO 52.57 107.55 30.83 76.72 -384.0 -326.2 21.30 

900 53.52 113.80 33.30 80.50 -383.9 :-319.0 18.51 

1000 54.38 119.48 35.37 84.12 -386.2 -311.7 16.28 

1100 55.17 124.70 37.13 87.57 -386.2 -304.3 14.45 

1200 55.91 129.53 38.67 90.87 -386.3 -296.8 12.92 

1300 56.59 134.04 40.02 94.02 -386.3 -289.4 11.63 

1400 57.24 138.26 41.23 97.03 -388.6 -281.9 10.52 

1500 57.87 142.23 42.31 99.91 -391.1 -274.1 9.54 

1600 58.46 145.98 43.31 102.67 -403.8 -265.6 8.67 

1100 59.03 149.54 44.21 105.33 -404.4 -256.9 7.89 

1800 59.59 152.93 45.05 107.88 -404.9 -248.3 7.20 

Melting T 2054 K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.322 J•bar·• 

H!98-H6 kJ 13.22 cm3 

A= -3.880E+02 B== 7.651E-02 C== 2.398E+05 

4/9/92 
200 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

PYROLUSITE Formula wt 86.937 

Mn02 : Crystals 298.15 to 850 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 54.76 52.75 o.oo 52.75 -520.0 -465.0 81.47 

300 54.94 53.09 0.34 52.75 -520.0 -464.7 80.91 

400 63.21 70.11 15.09 55.01 -519.8 -446.3 58.27 

500 68.34 84.81 25.27 59.54 -519.1 -427.9 44.71 

600 71.21 97.56 32.72 64.84 -518.4 -409.8 35.67 

700 72.68 108.66 38.33 70.32 -517.7 -391.7 29.23 

800 73.36 118.41 42.67 75.74 -517.2 -373.8 24.40 

900 73.65 127.07 46.10 80.97 -516.8 -355.9 20.65 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A....,Ho kJ 

Aa.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 661 J•bar-1 

H~98-H6 kJ 16.61 cm3 

A• -5.172E+02 B• 1.795E-01 C• -1.20E+05 

8/26/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 201 

BXXBYITE Formula wt 157.874 

Mn2o3 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1400 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~~98 ) /T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 101.81 113.70 o.~:>o 113.70 -959.0 -882.1 154.53 

lOO 101.93 114.33 0.153 113.70 -959.0 -881.6 153.49 

400 108.49 144.55 26.'77 117.78 -958.4 -855.9 111.76 

sao 114.61 169.43 43.'74 125.69 -957.6 -830.3 86.74 

600 120.05 190.81 56.101 134.80 -956.9 -804.9 70.08 

700 124.93 209.69 65.52 144.18 -956.0 -779.7 58.18 

800 129.38 226.67 73.22 153.45 -955.2 -754.5 49.27 

900 133.49 242.15 79.69 162.45 -954.2 -729.5 42.34 

1000 137.37 256.42 85.27 171.15 -957.7 -704.5 36.80 

1100 141.07 269.68 90.18 179.51 -956.6 -679.3 32.26 

1200 144.63 282.11 94.57 187.55 -955.3 -654.1 28.47 

1300 148.09 293.82 98.55 195.27 -953.8 -629.0 25.27 

1400 151.47 304.92 102.21 202.71 -956.7 -604.0 22.54 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

£\._}10 kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.137 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 17.56 kJ 31.37 cm3 

A• -9.550E+02 B• 2.508E-01 c• -1.645E+05 

8/27/92 
202 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

HAUSMANNITE 

Mn304: Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1400 K. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~g )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·x-1 

298.15 142.02 164.10 o.oo 164.10 

300 142.52 164.98 0.88 164.10 

400 158.37 208.55 38.62 169.94 

500 165.03 244.68 63.30 181.38 

600 169.49 275.18 80.64 194.54 

700 173.64 301.61 93.63 207.99 

800 178 .. 04 325.08 103.90 221.18 

900 182.86 346.33 112.40 233.93 

1000 188.12 365.86 119.71 246.16 

1100 193.77 384.05 126.18 257.87 

1200 199.78 401.17 132.06 269.11 

1300 206.12 417.41 137.51 279.90 

1400 212.72 432.92 142.65 290.28 

Melting T K 

kJ 

24.78 kJ 

A= -1.3809E+03 B= 3.3405E-01 

Formula wt 228.812 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-1384.5 -1282.5 

-1384.5 -1281.8 

-1383.4 -1247.7 

-1382.1 -1214.0 

-1381.0 -1180.5 

-1380.2 -1147.1 

-1379.5 -1113.8 

-1379.0 -1080.7 

-1385.1 -1047.4 

-1384.4 -1013.7 

-1383.3 -980.0 

-1381.8 -946.5 

-1386.7 -912.9 

Boiling T 

Aw,Ho 

Molar Vol. 

Log Kf 

224.68 

223.18 

162.93 

126.82 

102.77 

85.60 

72.73 

62.72 

54.71 

48.14 

42.66 

38.03 

34.06 

K 

kJ 

4. 695 J•bar·• 

46.95 cm3 

C= -9.874E+05 

4/10/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES - 203 

BRAUNITE Formula wt 604.645 

Mn7sio12: Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1500 K. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~! 98 ) /T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol··1.K-1 

298.15 380.79 416.40 o.oo 416.40 

300 382.01 418.76 2.35 416.41 

400 428.72 535.79 103.74 432.05 

500 456.30 634.62 171.68 462.94 

600 476.35 719.66 220.85 498.81 

700 492.85 794.36 258 .. 56 535.80 

800 507.45 861.14 288 .. 78 572.37 

900 520.96 921.70 313 .. 83 607.87 

1000 533.78 977.26 335 .. 19 642.07 

1100 546.15 1028.71 353 .. 81 674.91 

1200 558.21 1076.75 370 .. 34 706.41 

1300 570.07 1121.90 385 .. 25 736.65 

1400 581.76 1164.58 398 .. 87 765.71 

1500 593.34 1205.11 411 .. 45 793.66 

Melting T K 

kJ 

65.68 kJ 

A= -4.2437E+03 B• 1.0286E+OO 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Afao AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1-

-4260.0 -3944.7 691.09 

-4260.0 -3942.8 686.48 

-4258.2 -3837.2 501.08 

-4254.9 -3732.3 389.91 

-4251.4 -3628.2 315.86 

-4247.8 -3524.6 263.00 

-4244.2 -3421.5 223.40 

-4240.7 -3318.8 192.62 

-4252.6 -3216.4 168.00 

-4248.9 -3112.9 147.82 

-4244.5 -3009.8 131.01 

-4239.4 -2907.1 116.81 

-4249.7 -2804.4 104.63 

-4260.6 -2700.4 94.04 

Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

Molar Vol. 12 • 508 J • bar·• 

125.08 cm3 

C• -6.946E+OS 

02/24/94 
204 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MOLYBDITE Formula wt 143.938 

M003: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1074 K; liquid 1074 to 1500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mo1-1 --

298.15 74.91 77.70 o.oo 77.70 -745.2 -668.1 117.04 

300 75.13 78.16 0.46 77.70 -745.2 -667.6 116.24 

400 83.02 101.00 20.24 80.76 -744.1 -641.9 83.82 

500 87.78 120.06 33.29 86.77 -742.7 -616.5 64.40 

600 91.85 136.42 42.71 93.71 -741.1 -591.4 51.48 

700 95.89 150.89 50.02 100.87 -739.3 -566.6 42.28 

800 100.08 163.96 56.01 107.95 -737.2 -542.0 35.39 

900 104.46 176.00 61.15 114.85 -734.8 -517.8 30.05 

1000 109.03 187.24 65.71 121.53 -732.2 -493.8 25.79 

1100 126.95 197.87 69.85 128.02 -729.2 -470.1 22.32 

1200 126.95 207.97 73.71 134.26 -725.8 -446.7 19.44 

1300 126.95 217.67 77.36 140.31 -722.0 -423.6 17.02 

1400 126.95 227.02 80.85 146.17 -717.9 -400.8 14.95 

1500 126.95 236.09 84.22 151.87 -713.3 -378.3 13.17 

Melting T 1074 K Boiling T. K 

A,.,Ho kJ 

AuB0 48.91 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.056 J•bar·1 

H~98-HB 12.59 kJ 30.56 cm3 

A• -7.299E+02 B• 2.358E-01 c- -8.02E+05 

8/27/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 205 

NITROGEN DIOXIDE Formula wt 46.006 

N02 : Ideal gas at p = 1 bar, 298.].5 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

'lemp. co 

p 

so T (HT-8~~~ ) /T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 37.00 240.10 o.oo 240.10 33.1 51.2 -8.98 

300 37.05 240.33 0.:23 240.10 33.1 51.4 -8.94 

400 40.16 251.39 9.:B1 241.59 32.5 57.5 -7.51 

500 43.29 260.70 16.:20 244.50 32.2 63.8 -6.67 

600 45.91 268.83 20.'94 247.89 32.0 70.2 -6.11 

700 48.02 276.08 24.66 251.41 31.9 76.6 -5.71 

800 49.71 282.60 27.69 254.91 31.9 83.0 -5.42 

900 51.06 288.54 30.22 258.32 31.9 89.3 -5.18 

1000 52.16 293.98 32.36 261.62 32.0 95.7 -5.00 

1100 53.05 298.99 34.20 264.79 32.1 102.1 -4.85 

1200 53.77 303.64 35.80 267.84 32.3 108.4 -4.72 

1300 54.36 307.97 37.21 270.76 32.4 114.8 -4.61 

1400 54.85 312.01 38.45 273.56 32.5 121.1 -4.52 

1500 55.25 315.81 39.56 276.26 32.6 127.4 -4.44 

1600 55.58 319.39 40.55 278.84 32.8 133.7 -4.37 

1700 55.86 322.77 41.44 281.33 32.9 140.1 -4.30 

1.800 56.09 325.97 42.25 283.72 33.0 146.4 -4.25 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

vo kJ 

Aru.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-H& kJ 24789.7 cm3 

A= 3.210E+01 B= 6.353E-02 C= 1.451E+04 

5/06/93 
206 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

DISODIUM MONOXIDE Formula wt 61.979 

Na2o: Cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1193 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 69.10 75.30 o.oo 75.30 -414.8 -376.0 65.87 

300 69.26 75.73 0.43 75.30 -414.8 -375.7 65.42 

400 76.30 96.68 18.57 78.11 -420.2 -362.3 47.31 

500 81.34 114.27 30.64 83.63 -420.1 -347.8 36.33 

600 85.26 129.46 39.43 90.03 -419.3 -333.4 29.03 

700 88.47 142.85 46.21 96.64 -418.2 -319.2 23.82 

800 91.20 154.85 51.67 103.18 -416.7 -305.1 19.92 

900 93.60 165.73 56.20 109.53 -414.9 -291.3 16.91 

1000 95.74 175.71 60.05 115.66 -413.0 -277.7 14.50 

Melting T 1193 K Boiling T K 

A..,Ho kJ 

AuH0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.588 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-aa 12.40 kJ 25.88 cm3 

A• -4.180E+02 B• 1.407E-01 C= -5.93E+03 

9/10/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 207 

BUNSENITE Formula wt 74.689 

NiO: Rhombohedral (distorted cubic) crystals 298.15 to Neel temperature 519 K. CUbic 

crystals 519 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ a)/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 44.49 37.99 o.oo 37.99 -239.3 -211.1 36.99 

300 44.70 38.27 0.28 37.99 -239.3 -211.0 36.73 

4;00 53.00 52.38 12.52 39.86 -238.6 -201.6 26.33 

5,00 64.90 65.25 21.59 43.66 -237.3 -192.5 20.11 

5,19 69.15 67.74 23.25 44.49 -236.8 -190.9 19.21 

600 56.01 76.07 27.86 48.21 -236.2 -183.6 15.99 

700 54.22 84.55 31.73 52.82 -235.6 -175.0 13.05 

800 53.66 91.74 34.50 57.24 -235.1 -166.8 10.89 

900 53.83 98.06 36.63 61.43 -234.5 -157.8 9.16 

1000 54.43 103.76 38.38 65.38 -234.0 -149.3 7.80 

1100 55.29 108.99 39.88 69.11 -233.5 -140.8 6.69 

1200 56.29 113.84 41.20 72.64 -233.1 -132.4 5.76 

1300 57.37 118.39 42.40 75.99 -232.6 -124.0 4.98 

1400 58.48 122.68 43.51 79.17 -232.1 -115.7 4.32 

1500 59.57 126.76 44.55 82.21 -231.6 -107.4 3.74 

1600 60.62 130.63 45.52 85.11 -231.1 -99.1 3.24 

1700 61.61 134.34 46.44 87.90 -230.6 -90.9 2.79 

1800 62.52 137.89 47.30 90.59 -247.3 -82.0 2.38 

Kelting T 2257 K Boiling T K 

A..JIO kJ 

A._Ho kJ 

Kolar Vol. 1.097 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-H& 6.69 kJ 10.97 cm3 

A= -2.331E+02 B= 8.392E-02 C• -2.85E+05 

9/9/92 
208 TIIERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

LITHARGE Formula wt 223.199 

PbO: Tetragonal crystals (red) 298.15 to 1000 K. 

• FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T 4fao 'tGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 45.77 66.50 o.oo 66.50 -219.0 -188.9 33.10 

300 45.89 66.78 0.28 66.50 -219.0 -188.7 32.86 

400 50.51 80.69 12.33 68.37 -218.4 -178.7 23.34 

500 53.20 92.27 20.25 72.02 -217.5 -168.9 17.65 

600 55.13 102.15 25.91 76.24 -216.6 -159.3 13.87 

700 56.70 110.77 30.20 80.57 -220.5 -149.0 11.12 

800 58.08 118.43 33.60 84.83 -219.4 -138.9 9.07 

900 59.35 125.35 36.39 88.96 -218.3 -128.9 7.48 

1000 60.55 131.66 38.75 92.92 -216.9 -119.0 6.22 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

4_,80 kJ 

4_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.391 J•bar·• 

8~98-86 kJ 23.91 cm3 

A• -2.194E+02 8• 1.004E-01 C• 4.877E+04 

9/9/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 209 

PLATTNERITE Formula wt 239.199 

Pb02: Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 61.17 71.80 o.oo 71.80 -277.4 -218.3 38.25 

300 61.35 72.18 0.38 71.80 -277.4 -218.0 37.95 

400 68.23 90.90 16.59 74.31 -276.6 -198.3 25.89 

500 71.82 106.54 27.31 79.23 -275.4 -178.8 18.68 

600 74.11 119.85 34.93 84.92 -274.2 -159.6 13.89 

700 75.79 131.41 40.65 90.76 -277.8 -139.8 10.43 

800 77.14 141.62 45.13 96.49 -276.5 -120.2 7.85 

900 78.30 150.77 48.75 102.02 -275.1 -100.7 5.84 

1000 79.34 159.08 51.76 107.32 -273.7 -81.4 4.25 

1100 80.31 166.69 54.31 112.37 -272.1 -62.2 2.96 

1200 81.23 173.71 56.52 117.20 -270.5 -43.2 1.88 

Melting T K Boiling T J( 

A_,Ho kJ 

A,_H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.501 J•bar·• 

a~ 98-H& 36.78 kJ 25.01 cm3 

A= -2.752E+02 B= 1.937E-01 C= -7.72E+04 

9/9/92 
210 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MINIUM Formula wt 685.598 

Pb3o4 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 154.90 212.00 o.oo 212.00 -718.7 -601.6 105.40 

300 155.37 212.96 0.96 212.00 -718.7 -600.9 104.62 

400 172.92 260.35 42.01 218.35 -716.3 -562.0 73.38 

500 182.83 300.08 69.25 230.83 -713.0 -523.7 54.71 

600 189.73 334.06 88.78 245.27 -709.5 -486.2 42.33 

700 195.21 363.73 103.61 260.12 -720.3 -446.9 33.35 

800 199.94 390.11 115.36 274.75 -716.3 -408.1 26.65 

900 204.22 413.91 125.00 288.91 -711.8 -369.8 21.46 

1000 208.23 435.64 133.12 302.51 -707.0 -332.1 17.35 

1100 212.07 455.66 140.13 315.54 -701.8 -294.9 14.00 

1200 215.78 474.28 146.28 328.00 -696.2 -258.1 11.24 

1300 219.41 491.69 151.76 339.93 -690.2 -221.9 8.91 

1400 222.97 508.08 156.72 351.36 -683.9 -186.1 6.94 

1500 226.49 523.59 161.26 362.33 -677.3 -150.7 5.25 

1600 229.97 538.31 165.44 372.87 -670.4 -115.8 3.78 

1700 233.43 552.36 169.34 383.02 -663.1 -81.4 2.50 

1800 236.86 565.80 173.00 392.80 -655.6 -47.4 1.37 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

AaJio kJ 

Molar Vol. 7. 681 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& kJ 76.81 cm3 

A• -6.975E+02 8=. 3.642E-01 C= -1.26E+06 

8/21/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 211 

SULFUR DIOXIDE Formula wt 64.065 

S02: Ideal gas at p • 1 bar, 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 39.85 248.20 0.00 248.20 -296.8 -300.1 52.57 

300 39.92 248.45 0.25 248.20 -296.8 -300.1 52.25 

400 43.48 260.42 10.61 249.81 -300.2 -300.9 39.30 

500 46.53 270.47 17.50 252.96 -302.7 -300.8 31.43 

600 48.92 279.17 22.55 256.62 -304.7 -300.3 26.14 

700 50.78 286.86 26.45 260.40 -306.3 -299.4 22.34 

800 52.23 293.74 29.59 264.15 -307.7 -298.3 19.48 

900 53.38 299.96 32.17 267.78 -362.1 -296.0 17.18 

1000 54.29 305.63 34.34 271.29 -362.0 -288.6 15.08 

1100 55.01 310.84 36.19 274.65 -361.9 -281.3 13.36 

1200 55.60 315.65 37.78 277.87 -361.8 -274.0 11.93 

1300 56.07 320.12 39.17 280.95 -361.7 -266.7 10.71 

1400 56.46 324.29 40.39 283.90 -361.6 -259.3 9.68 

1500 56.79 328.20 41.47 286.72 -361.5 -252.1 8.78 

1600 57.06 331.87 42.44 289.43 -361.5 -244.8 7.99 

1700 57.29 335.34 43.31 292.03 -361.4 -237.4 7.30 

1800 57.49 338.62 44.09 294.53 -361.4 -230.2 6.68 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,JJO kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 10.55 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

A= -3.5361:+02 8• 6.6281:-02 C• 3.2461:+06 

9/9/92 
212 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SULFUR TRIOXIDE Formula wt 80.064 

S03: Ideal gas at p • 1 bar, 298.15 to 2200 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 50.63 256.80 0.00 256.80 -395.7 -371.0 64.99 

300 50.77 257.11 0.31 256.80 -395.7 -370.8 64.56 

400 57.69 272.70 13.82 258.88 -399.3 -362.2 47.30 

500 63.09 286.18 23.16 263.02 -401.8 -352.6 36.84 

600 67.16 298.06 30.17 267.89 -403.6 -342.6 29.83 

700 70.26 308.66 35.69 272.97 -405.0 -332.3 24.80 

800 72.64 318.20 40.16 278.04 -406.0 -321.9 21.02 

900 74.49 326.87 43.88 282.99 -460.0 -310.2 18.00 

1000 75.93 334.80 47.02 287.78 -459.6 -293.6 15.34 

1100 77.07 342.09 49.70 292.39 -459.0 -277.0 13.15 

1200 77.96 348.83 52.02 296.82 -458.5 -260.5 11.34 

1300 78.68 355.10 54.04 301.06 -458.0 -244.0 9.80 

1400 79.25 360.96 55.82 305.13 -457.4 -227.6 8.49 

1500 79.71 366.44 57.40 309.04 -456.9 -211.2 7.35 

1600 80.08 371.60 58.81 312.79 -456.3 -194.8 6.36 

1700 80.38 376.46 60.07 316.39 -455.8 -178.5 5.48 

1800 80.64 381.06 61.20 319.86 -455.3 -162.2 4.71 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2 4 7 8 • 9 7 J • bar·• 

H~98-H6 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

A• -4.504E+02 B= 1.580E-01 C= 3.103E+06 

4/9/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 213 

SILICON MONOXIDE Formula wt 44.085 

SiO: Ideal gas at p = 1 bar, 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 29.90 211.60 o.oo 211.60 -100.4 -127.3 22.30 

300 29.92 211.79 0.18 211.60 -100.4 -127.5 22.19 

400 31.15 220.55 7.77 212.79 -101.0 -136.4 17.81 

$00 32.38 227.64 12.57 215.07 -101.6 -145.2 15.17 

600 33.39 233.64 15.96 217.68 -102.3 -153.8 13.39 

700 34.19 238.85 18.51 220.34 -103.0 -162.4 12.12 

800 34.82 243.45 20.51 222.95 -103.7 -170.8 11.15 

900 35.33 247.59 22.13 225.46 -104.4 -179.2 10.40 

1000 35.72 251.33 23.47 227.86 -105.2 -187.4 9.79 

1100 36.04 254.75 24.60 230.15 -106.0 -195.6 9.29 

1200 36.30 257.90 25.56 232.33 -106.9 -203.7 8.87 

1300 36.51 260.81 26.40 234.41 -107.8 -211.8 8.51 

1400 36.67 263.52 27.13 236.40 -108.7 -219.7 8.20 

1500 36.81 266.06 27.77 238.29 -109.7 -227.6 7.93 

1600 36.93 268.44 28.34 240.10 -110.7 -235.5 7.69 

1700 37.03 270.68 28.84 241.84 -162.0 -242.8 7.46 

1800 37.11 272.80 29.30 243.50 -162.8 -247.5 7.18 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

Awf!o kJ 

AuH0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·1 

H~98-Hfl 8.71 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

A= -1.084E+02 B= -7.908E-02 C= 4.562E+05 

4/10/92 
214 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

QUARTZ Formula wt 60.084 

Si02: Trigonal crystals 298.15 to a-' transition at 844 K. p-crystals 844 to 1700. 

The melting point is estimated to be 1700 K. Liquid 1700 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf. (Hft-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T Afao Afao Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 44.59 41.46 o.oo 41.46 -910.7 -856.3 150.01 

300 44.78 41.74 0.28 41.46 -910.7 -855.9 149.03 

400 53.27 55.85 12.52 43.33 -910.9 -837.7 109.38 

500 59.68 68.45 21.34 47.11 -910.5 -819.4 85.60 

600 65.04 79.82 28.18 51.64 -909.8 -801.2 69.75 

700 69.82 90.21 33.80 56.41 -908.8 -783.2 58.44 

800 74.25 99.83 38.58 61.25 -907.4 -765.3 49.97 

900 68.62 109.00 42.93 66.07 -905.6 -747.7 43.39 

1000 69.12 116.25 45.52 70.73 -904.8 -730.2 38.14 

1100 69.74 122.87 47.69 75.18 -904.1 -712.8 33.85 

1200 70.43 128.96 49.56 79.40 -903.3 -695.4 30.27 

1300 71.17 134.63 51.19 83.44 -902.5 -678.1 27.25 

1400 71.96 139.93 52.65 87.28 -901.8 -660.9 24.66 

1500 72.77 144.92 53.96 90.96 -901.0 -643.7 22.41 

1600 73.60 149.65 55.16 94.49 -900.2 -626.6 20.46 

1700 74.45 154.14 56.27 97.87 -949.6 -609.0 18.71 

1800 81.37 164.31 62.89 101.42 -938.5 -589.6 17.11 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,..,Ho kJ 

A.ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 269 J• bar·• 

H~ 98-Ht, 6.916 kJ 22.69 cm3 

A• -9.047E+02 B• 1.744E-01 C• -3.39E+05 

01/06/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 215 

CRISTOBALITE Formula wt 60.084 

Si02: Tetragonal crystals, a, 298.15 to 523 K. Cubic crystals, p, 523 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(Gi-H298)/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 44.95 43.40 o.oo 43.40 -908.4 -854.6 149.71 

300 45.15 43.70 0.28 43.42 -908.4 -854.2 148.73 

400 50.73 57.93 12.63 45.31 -908.5 -836.1 109.19 

500 68.59 70.56 21.48 49.08 -908.2 -818.1 85.46 

600 62.06 84.60 29.96 54.64 -906.5 -800.7 69.71 

700 65.23 94.42 34.78 59.64 -905.8 -783.1 58.44 

800 67.34 103.28 38.73 64.55 -905.0 -765.7 49.99 

900 68.82 111.30 41.99 69.31 -904.2 -748.3 43.43 

1000 69.92 118.61 44.74 73.87 -903.3 -731.0 38.18 

1100 70.77 125.32 47.07 78.26 -902.4 -713.8 33.90 

1200 71.44 131.50 49.07 82.43 -901.6 -696.7 30.33 

1300 72.00 137.24 50.81 86.43 -900.7 -679.7 27.31 

1400 72.47 142.60 52.34 90.26 -899.9 -662.7 24.73 

1500 72.87 147.61 53.70 93.91 -899.1 -645.8 22.49 

1600 73.22 152.32 54.91 97.41 -898.3 -628.9 20.53 

1700 73.53 156.77 55.99 100.78 -947.8 -611.7 18.79 

1800 73.82 160.98 56.98 104.00 -946.8 -591.9 17.18 

Melting T 1996 K Boiling T K 

A.JIO kJ 

A1111H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 574 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-H& 7.04 kJ 25.74 cm3 

A= -9.029E+02 B= 1.719E-01 C= -2.62E+05 

01/06/93 
216 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

COESITE Formula wt 60.084 

sio2 : Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 45.46 38.50 o.oo 38.50 -907.8 -852.5 149.35 

300 45.58 38.78 0.28 38.50 -907.8 -852.2 148.37 

400 52.60 52.85 12.48 40.37 -908.0 -833.6 108.85 

500 58.51 65.26 21.12 44.13 -907.7 -815.0 85.14 

600 62.81 76.33 27.73 48.59 -907.2 -796.5 69.34 

700 65.84 86.25 32.97 53.28 -906.5 -778.1 58.06 

800 67.94 95.19 37.22 57.97 -905.6 -759.8 49.61 

900 69.41 103.28 40.72 62.56 -904.7 -741.6 43.04 

1000 70.45 110.65 43.64 67.01 -903.8 -723.6 37.79 

1100 71.23 117.40 46.12 71.28 -902.9 -705.6 33.50 

1200 71.86 123.63 48.24 75.39 -902.0 -687.7 29.93 

1300 72.45 129.40 50.08 79.33 -901.1 -669.9 26.91 

1400 73.06 134.79 51.70 83.10 -900.2 -652.1 24.33 

1500 73.75 139.86 53.14 86.71 -899.3 -634.4 22.09 

1600 74.56 144.64 54.46 90.19 -898.5 -616.8 20.14 

1700 75.54 149.19 55.67 93.52 -947.7 -598.8 18.40 

1800 76.71 153.54 56.80 96.74 -946.6 -578.2 16.78 

Melting T Boiling T K 

4~0 kJ 

A111H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.064 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-aa 6.89 kJ 20.64 cm3 

A• -9.036E+02 B• 1.799E-Ol C• -2.39E+05 

8/28/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERA11JRE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 217 

STISHOVITB Formula wt 60.084 

Si02: Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1-

298.15 42.99 27.78 o.oo 27.78 -861.3 -802.8 140.65 

300 43.24 28.05 0.27 27.78 -861.3 -802.4 139.72 

400 53.50 42.04 12.42 29.62 -861.5 -782.8 102.22 

500 59.42 54.67 21.28 33.39 -861.2 -763.1 79.72 

600 63.14 65.85 27.97 37.89 -860.6 -743.6 64.73 

700 65.60 75.78 33.18 42.61 -859.8 -724.1 54.03 

800 67.32 84.66 37.34 47.32 -859.0 -704.8 46.02 

900 68.58 92.67 40.75 51.92 -858.2 -685.6 39.79 

1000 69.58 99.95 43.58 56.36 -857.4 -666.4 34.81 

1100 70.42 106.62 45.99 60.63 -856.5 -647.4 30.74 

1200 71.20 112.78 48.05 64.72 -855.7 -628.4 27.35 

1300 71.97 118.51 49.86 68.64 -854.9 -609.5 24.49 

1400 72.79 123.87 51.47 72.40 -854.0 -590.6 22.04 

1500 73.68 128.92 52.92 76.00 -853.2 -571.8 19.91 

1600 74.68 133.71 54.25 79.46 -852.3 -553.1 18.06 

1700 75.80 138.27 55.48 82.79 -901.6 -534.0 16.41 

.1800 77.06 142.64 56.65 85.99 -900.3 -512.4 14.87 

Melting T Boiling T K 

A-Jio kJ 

Aa.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1. 4014 J • bar·1 

H~ 98-at, 7.74 kJ 14.014 cm3 

A= -8.572E+02 B• 1.907E-01 C= -2.28E+05 

12/17/91 
218 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SILICA GLASS Formula wt 60.084 

Sio2 : Glass 298.15 to estimated melting point 1700 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 37.94 48.50 o.oo 48.50 -901.6 -849.3 148.79 

300 38.36 48.74 0.24 48.50 -901.6 -849.0 147.81 

400 53.17 62.11 11.89 50.22 -902.0 -831.3 108.56 

500 59.95 74.79 20.90 53.89 -901.7 -813.7 85.00 

600 63.64 86.07 27.74 58.33 -901.0 -796.1 69.31 

700 65.93 96.07 33.04 63.02 -900.2 -778.7 58.11 

800 67.53 104.98 37.26 67.72 -899.4 -761.4 49.71 

900 68.77 113.01 40.69 72.31 -898.6 -744.2 43.19 

1000 69.84 120.31 43.56 76.75 -897.7 -727.1 37.98 

1100 70.82 127.01 45.99 81.02 -896.8 -710.1 33.72 

1200 71.79 133.22 48.10 85.12 -895.9 -693.2 30.17 

1300 72.77 139.00 49.96 89.04 -895.0 -676.3 27.17 

1400 73.81 144.43 51.63 92.81 -894.1 -659.5 24.61 

1500 74.90 149.56 53.14 96.42 -893.1 -642.8 22.38 

1600 76.07 154.43 54.54 99.90 -892.1 -626.1 20.44 

1700 77.32 159.08 55.84 103.24 -941.2 -609.1 18.71 

Melting T 1700 K Boiling T K 

A,.,Ho kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 727 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-H& 6.998 kJ 27.27 cm3 

A= -8.966E+02 B= 1.694E-01 C• -3.06E+05 

2/25/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 219 

CASSITERITE Formula wt 150.709 

sno2 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1903 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 53.22 49.02 o.oo 49.02 -577.6 -515.8 90.36 

300 53.54 49.35 0.33 49.02 -577.6 -515.4 89.74 

400 65.09 66.56 15.27 51.29 -577.4 -494.7 64.60 

500 70.83 81.76 25.86 55.90 -576.6 -474.1 49.53 

600 74.28 95.00 33.66 61.34 -582.6 -452.3 39.38 

100 76.66 106.64 39.64 66.99 -581.1 -430.8 32.14 

800 78.46 117.00 44.39 72.61 -579.5 -409.4 26.73 

900 79.92 126.32 48.26 78.07 -577.8 -388.2 22.53 

1000 81.18 134.81 51.49 83.32 -576.0 -367.3 19.18 

1100 82.30 142.60 54.24 88.36 -574.1 -346.5 16.45 

1200 83.33 149.81 56.62 93.19 -572.2 -325.9 14.18 

1300 84.30 156.52 58.71 97.80 -570.2 -305.4 12.27 

1400 85.21 162.80 60.57 102.22 -568.2 -285.1 10.64 

1500 86.10 168.71 62.25 106.46 -566.1 -265.0 9.23 

Melting T 1903 K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

Aa.Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.155 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 8.38 kJ 21.55 cm3 

A• -5.763E+02 B• 2.084E-01 C• -1.755E+05 

6/11/93 
220 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

STRONTIUM MONOXIDE Formula wt 103.619 

SrO: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 45.41 55.52 o.oo 55.52 -591.3 -560.7 98.22 

300 45.49 55.80 0.28 55.52 -591.3 -560.5 97.59 

400 48.66 69.37 12.02 57.35 -590.8 -550.3 71.86 

500 50.62 80.45 19.55 60.89 -590.2 -540.2 56.43 

600 52.06 89.81 24.86 64.95 -589.5 -530.3 46.16 

700 53.24 97.93 28.83 69.10 -588.9 -520.5 38.84 

800 54.26 105.10 31.95 73.16 -588.4 -510.7 33.35 

900 55.19 111.55 34.48 77.07 -588.5 -501.0 29.07 

1000 56.04 117.41 36.59 80.82 -587.7 -491.3 25.66 

1100 56.86 122.79 38.40 84.39 -594.7 -481.3 22.86 

1200 57.63 127.77 39.97 87.80 -594.7 -471.0 20.50 

1300 58.38 132.41 41.36 91.06 -594.7 -460.7 18.51 

1400 59.11 136.76 42.60 94.17 -594.5 -450.4 16.80 

1500 59.83 140.87 43.72 97.14 -594.4 -440.1 15.33 

1600 60.53 144.75 44.75 100.00 -594.1 -429.8 14.03 

1700 61.22 148.44 45.70 102.74 -730.7 -418.4 12.86 

1800 61.90 151.96 46.58 105.38 -728.5 -400.1 11.61 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,.,Ho kJ 

AuH0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.069 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 8.675 kJ 20.69 cm3 

A= -5.956E+02 B• 1.047E-01 C= 3.940E+05 

10/2/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 221 

THORIANITE Formula wt 264.037 

Tho2 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 61.79 65.20 o.oo 65.20 -1226.4 -1169.2 204.84 

300 61.95 65.58 0.38 65.20 -1226.4 -1168.9 203.51 

400 67.82 84.31 16.60 67.72 -1225.5 -1149.8 150.15 

500 70.95 99.81 27.18 72.63 -1224.4 -1131.0 118.15 

600 72.99 112.94 34.66 78.28 -1223.2 -1112.5 96.85 

700 74.52 124.31 40.25 84.06 -1222.0 -1094.1 81.64 

800 75.78 134.34 44.61 89.73 -1220.8 -1075.9 70.25 

900 76.88 143.34 48.14 95.20 -1219.7 -1057.9 61.40 

1000 77.88 151.49 51.06 100.43 -1218.6 -1040.0 54.32 

1100 78.82 158.96 53.54 105.41 -1217.5 -1022.2 48.54 

1200 79.72 165.85 55.69 110.17 -1216.5 -1004.5 43.72 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A..,Ho kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.637 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 10.56 kJ 26.37 cm3 

A== -1.219E+03 B= 1.794E-01 C= -3.21E+05 

9/10/92 
222 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

RUTILE Formula wt 79.879 

Tio2 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 55.29 50.62 o.oo 50.62 -944.0 -888.8 155.70 

300 55.49 50.96 0.34 50.62 -944.0 -888.4 154.68 

400 63.19 68.12 15.21 52.91 -943.6 -869.9 113.60 

500 67.29 82.70 25.25 57.45 -942.8 -851.6 88.96 

600 69.85 95.21 32.49 62.72 -942.0 -833.4 72.56 

700 71.62 106.12 37.96 68.16 -941.0 -815.4 60.85 

800 72.92 115.77 42.25 73.52 -940.1 -797.5 52.07 

900 73.94 124.42 45.72 78.70 -939.1 -779.8 45.26 

1000 74.77 132.25 48.58 83.67 -938.3 -762.1 39.81 

1100 75.45 139.41 50.99 88.42 -937.6 -744.5 35.35 

1200 76.04 146.00 53.06 92.95 -941.0 -726.9 31.64 

1300 76.55 152.11 54.85 97.26 -940.0 -709.1 28.49 

1400 76.99 157.80 56.41 101.39 -939.0 -691.4 25.79 

1500 77.39 163.13 57.80 105.33 -938.0 -673.7 23.46 

1600 77.76 168.13 59.03 109.10 -937.2 -656.1 21.42 

1700 78.09 172.86 60.14 112.71 -936.5 -638.5 19.62 

1800 78.39 177.33 61.15 116.18 -935.9 -621.0 18.02 

Melting T 2103 K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

Aa)fo kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.882 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 8.67 kJ 18.82 cm3 

A= -9.385E+02 B= 1.766E-01 C= -2.66E+05 

4/5/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 223 

ANATASE Formula wt 79.879 

Ti02: Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1300 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (BT-8298)/T -(GT-8298)/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 55.32 49.90 0.00 49.90 -938.7 -883.2 154.74 

300 55.59 50.24 0.34 49.90 -938.7 -882.9 153.,2 

400 64.71 67.69 15.47 52.22 -938.2 -864.4 112.87 

.500 68.60 82.60 25.76 56.85 -937.3 -846.0 88.38 

,600 70.69 95.31 33.09 62.22 -936.3 -827.8 72.07 

700 72.07 106.32 38.56 67.75 -935.3 -809.8 60.43 

800 73.15 116.01 42.82 73.19 -934.3 -792.0 51.71 

900 74.10 124.68 46.24 78.44 -933.3 -774.2 44.93 

1,000 75.01 132.54 49.07 83.46 -932.5 -756.6 39.52 

1100 75.91 139.73 51.47 88.26 -931.8 -739.1 35.09 

1200 76.82 146.37 53.55 92.83 -935.2 -721.4 31.40 

1300 77.74 152.56 55.37 97.19 -934.0 -703.7 28.27 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

AgBo kJ 

Molar Vol. 2 • 052 J • bar·• 

B298-8& kJ 20.52 cm3 

A• -9.331E+02 B= 1.767E-01 C= -2.60E+05 

9/10/92 
224 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

URANINITB Formula wt 270.028 

uo2 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 63.60 77.03 o.oo 77.03 -1084.9 -1031.7 180.75 

300 63.82 77.42 0.39 77.03 -1084.9 -1031.4 179.58 

400 71.65 97.01 17.37 79.65 -1083.9 -1013.7 132.38 

500 75.51 113.46 28.64 84.81 -1082.7 -996.3 104.08 

600 77.96 127.45 36.67 90.78 -1081.5 -979.2 85.24 

700 79.82 139.62 42.71 96.91 -1080.5 -962.2 71.80 

800 81.42 150.38 47.45 102.93 -1079.7 -945.4 61.72 

900 82.90 160.06 51.31 108.75 -1079.3 -928.6 53.89 

1000 84.31 168.87 54.54 114.33 -1081.6 -911.7 47.62 

1100 85.70 176.97 57.31 119.66 -1085.3 -894.5 42.48 

1200 87.07 184.48 59.73 124.75 -1084.1 -877.2 38.18 

1300 88.45 191.51 61.89 129.62 -1082.7 -860.0 34.56 

1400 89.84 198.11 63.83 134.28 -1081.2 -843.0 31.45 

1500 91.24 204.36 65.61 138.74 -1089.3 -825.4 28.74 

1600 92.64 210.29 67.26 143.03 -1088.5 -807.8 26.37 

1700 94.05 215.95 68.79 147.16 -1087.7 -790.3 24.28 

1800 95.48 221.37 70.24 151.13 -1086.8 -772.8 22.43 

Melting T 3151 K Boiling T K 

A,..,Ho kJ 

Aru.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2 • 4618 J • bar·• 

a~98-HB 11.28 kJ 24.618 cm3 

A• -1.083E+03 B• 1.718E-01 C• 1.932E+04 

12/17/91 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES . 225 

JCARELIANITE Formula wt 149.881 

V203: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-8398)/T -(GT-H2g8)/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 104.96 98.10 0.00 98.10 -1218.8 -1139.0 199.55 

300 105.33 98.75 0.65 98.10 -1218.8 -1138.6 198.23 

400 117.82 131.04 28.62 102.42 -1217.1 -1112.0 145.21 

500 123.52 158.01 47.09 110.92 -1214.9 -1086.0 113.45 

600 127.11 180.86 60.14 120.72 -1212.6 -1060.4 92.32 

700 129.99 200.68 69.92 130.76 -1210.1 -1035.3 77.25 

800 132.67 218.21 77.60 140.62 -1207.7 -1010.5 65.97 

900 135.32 233.99 83.86 150.13 -1205.2 -986.0 57.22 

1000 138.04 248.39 89.14 159.25 -1202.6 -961.7 50.24 

1100 140.84 261.68 93.72 167.96 -1200.1 -937.8 44.53 

1200 143.74 274.05 97.76 176.29 -1197.4 -914.1 39.79 

1300 146.73 285.68 101.41 184.26 -1194.7 -890.5 35.78 

1400 149.80 296.66 104.76 191.90 -1192.0 -866.3 32.36 

1500 152.95 307.11 107.87 199.24 -1189.2 -844.1 29.39 

1600 156.17 317.08 110.79 206.29 -1186.2 -821.3 26.81 

1700 159.46 326.65 113.55 213.09 -1183.4 -798.5 24.53 

1800 162.80 335.85 116.19 219.66 -1180.4 -775.9 22.52 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,.,Ho kJ 

A,_B0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 985 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-aa kJ 29.85 Clll3 

A• -1.197E+03 B• 2.355E-01 C• -1.14E+06 

6/11/93 
226 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

TUNGSTEN DIOXIDE Formula wt 215.849 

wo2 : Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 55.78 50.60 o.oo 50.60 -589.7 -533.9 93.53 

300 55.98 50.95 0.34 50.60 -589.7 -533.5 92.89 

400 63.60 68.22 15.32 52.90 -589.1 -514.9 67.24 

500 67.83 82.91 25.43 57.48 -588.1 -496.4 51.86 

600 70.74 95.54 32.75 62.79 -586.9 -478.2 41.63 

700 73.02 106.62 38.35 68.28 -585.6 -460.2 34.34 

800 74.97 116.51 42.81 73.70 -584.1 -442.4 28.89 

900 76.72 125.44 46.48 78.96 -582.6 -424.8 24.65 

1000 78.35 133.61 49.58 84.02 -581.1 -407.3 21.28 

1100 79.90 141.15 52.27 88.88 -579.4 -390.0 18.52 

1200 81.39 148.16 54.63 93.53 -577.7 -372.9 16.23 

1300 82.85 154.74 56.75 97.99 -575.9 -355.9 14.30 

1400 84.28 160.93 58.66 102.26 -574.0 -339.1 12.65 

1500 85.69 166.79 60.42 106.37 -572.0 -322.3 11.22 

1600 87.09 172.37 62.04 110.32 -570.0 -305.8 9.98 

1700 88.47 177.69 63.56 114.13 -567.9 -289.3 8.89 

1800 89.85 182.78 64.98 117.80 -565.8 -273.0 7.92 

Melting T Boiling T K 

AvaJIO kJ 

AfiBHO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 003 J•bar-• 

H~98-HB kJ 20.03 cm3 

A= -5.776E+02 B= 1.702E-01 C= -6.726E+05 

9/10/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 227 

ZINCITE Formula wt 81.389 

ZnOz Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(Gi-B~ 98 )/T AfRo AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 40.42 43.20 o.oo 43.20 -350.5 -320.4 56.12 

300 40.53 43.45 0.25 43.20 -350.5 -320.2 55.75 

400 44.56 55.73 10.89 44.85 -350.3 -310.1 40.49 

500 46.74 65.93 17.86 48.07 -349.9 -300.1 31.35 

600 48.22 74.59 22.80 51.79 -349.6 -290.2 25.26 

700 49.38 82.11 26.52 55.60 -356.6 -280.2 20.91 

800 50.37 88.77 29.44 59.34 -356.4 -269.4 17.59 

900 51.28 94.76 31.81 62.94 -356.1 -258.5 15.00 

1000 52.13 100.20 33.80 66.40 -355.8 -247.7 12.94 

1100 52.94 105.21 35.51 69.71 -355.5 -236.9 11.25 

1200 53.74 109.85 36.99 72.86 -470.2 -224.2 9.75 

1300 54.52 114.18 38.31 75.87 -468.6 -203.7 8.18 

1400 55.29 118.25 39.50 78.76 -467.0 -183.4 6.84 

1500 56.06 122.09 40.57 81.52 -465.3 -163.1 5.68 

1600 56.82 125.74 41.57 84.17 -463.6 -143.0 4.67 

1700 57.58 129.20 42.49 86.72 -461.8 -123.0 3.78 

1800 58.34 132.52 43.35 89.17 -460.0 -103.3 3.00 

Melting T 2242 K Boiling T K 

A-J:Io kJ 

Aa.Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.434 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 6.93 kJ 14.34 cm3 

10/7/92 
228 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BADDELEYITE Formula wt 123.223 

zre2 : Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1478 K. Tetragonal crystals 1478 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 56.18 50.40 o.oo 50.40 -1100.6 -1042.9 182.70 

300 56.35 50.75 0.35 50.40 -1100.6 -1042.5 181.51 

400 63.21 67.99 15.28 52.70 -1100.1 -1023.2 133.61 

500 67.51 82.59 25.33 57.26 -1099.2 -1004.1 104.89 

600 70.45 95.17 32.62 62.55 -1098.2 -985.1 85.76 

700 72.57 106.20 38.18 68.02 -1097.1 -966.4 72.11 

800 74.16 116.00 42.58 73.41 -1095.9 -947.8 61.88 

900 75.38 124.80 46.16 78.64 -1094.8 -929.4 53.94 

1000 76.32 132.80 49.13 83.66 -1093.7 -911.0 47.59 

1100 77.06 140.11 51.64 88.47 -1092.7 -892.8 42.40 

1200 77.63 146.84 53.78 93.05 -1095.5 -874.5 38.06 

1300 78.08 153.07 55.64 97.43 -1094.2 -856.1 34.40 

1400 78.41 158.87 57.25 101.62 -1092.9 -837.8 31.26 

1478 78.62 163.13 58.37 104.75 -1092.2 -822.5 29.07 

1500 74.48 168.28 62.60 105.68 -1085.8 -819.8 28.55 

1600 74.48 173.09 63.34 109.75 -1085.0 -802.1 26.18 

1700 74.48 177.60 64.00 113.60 -1084.4 -784.4 24.10 

1800 74.48 181.86 64.58 117.28 -1083.8 -766.7 22.25 

Melting T 3123 K Boiling T K 

AvJio kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.115 J• bar·• 

H298-Ha 8.75 kJ 21.15 cm3 

A= -1.0934E+03 B• 1.81734E-01 C= -4.273.01E+05 

9/9/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 229 

CHRYSOBERYL Formula wt 126.973 

BeA12o4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 105.40 66.26 o.oo 66.26 -2298.5 -2176.2 381.26 

300 106.01 66.91 0.65 66.26 -2298.5 -2175.5 378.78 

400 130.76 101.12 30.36 70.76 -2299.3 -2134.3 278.71 

500 145.88 132.05 52.07 79.98 -2298.9 -2093.0 218.66 

600 155.80 159.58 68.58 91.00 -2297.8 -2051.9 178.64 

700 162.63 184.14 81.57 102.58 -2296.5 -2011.1 150.07 

800 167.53 206.19 92.01 114.18 -2295.1 -1970.4 128.65 

900 171.18 226.15 100.62 125.53 -2293.8 -1929.9 112.01 

1000 174.02 244.33 107.82 136.51 -2314.0 -1888.0 98.62 

1100 176.33 261.03 113.95 147.09 -2312.7 -1845.5 87.63 

1200 178.34 276.46 119.23 157.23 -2311.3 -1803.1 78.48 

1300 180.18 290.81 123.85 166.96 -2309.8 -1760.7 70.75 

1400 181.97 304.23 127.94 176.29 -2308.5 -1718.6 64.12 

1500 183.80 316.85 131.60 185.25 -2307.0 -1676.5 58.38 

1600 185.72 328.77 134.92 193.85 -2320.1 -1634.2 53.34 

1700 187.80 340.09 137.97 202.12 -2318.1 -1591.3 48.89 

1800 190.08 350.89 140.80 210.09 -2316.1 -1548.6 44.94 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

A,_H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.432 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB 13.09 kJ 34.32 CD\3 

A= -2.308E+03 B= 4.208E-01 C• 5.946E+05 

7/17/92 
230 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CALCIUM FERRITE Formula wt 215.770 

CaFe2o4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1510 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (BT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO Afao Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 153.65 145.40 o.oo 145.40 -1520.3 -1412.4 247.44 

300 153.95 146.35 0.95 145.40 -1520.3 -1411.7 245.79 

400 164.04 192.25 40.65 151.59 -1518.1 -1375.8 179.66 

500 168.83 229.41 65.85 163.56 -1516.0 -1340.5 140.04 

600 172.11 260.50 83.30 177.20 -1514.4 -1305.6 113.66 

700 174.98 287.24 96.19 191.05 -1513.4 -1270.9 94.83 

800 177.81 310.79 106.22 204.58 -1513.8 -1236.1 80.71 

900 180.73 331.90 114.33 217.57 -1514.3 -1201.4 69.73 

1000 183.77 351.10 121.12 229.98 -1516.4 -1166.6 60.93 

1100 186.94 368.76 126.96 241.80 -1520.3 -1131.4 53.72 

1200 190.24 385.17 132.10 253.07 -1530.6 -1095.3 47.68 

1300 193.66 400.53 136.70 263.83 -1529.0 -1059.1 42.55 

1400 197.17 415.01 140.89 274.12 -1527.2 -1023.0 38.17 

1500 200.78 428.74 144.77 283.97 -1525.4 -987.1 34.37 

Melting T 1510 K Boiling T K 

A,.,ao kJ 

Aa.H0 108.2 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.498 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-at, 25.42 kJ 44.98 cm3 

A• -1.519E+03 B• 3.537E-01 c- 1.473E+OS 

5/15/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 231 

DICALCIUM FERRITE Formula wt 271.847 

Ca2Fe2o5 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1750 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 192.91 188.80 o.oo 188.80 -2138.3 -1999.9 350.37 

300 193.61 190.00 1.19 188.80 -2138.3 -1999.1 348.06 

400 217.91 249.55 52.79 196.76 -2135.4 -1953.1 255.04 

500 228.76 299.48 87.02 212.45 -2131.9 -1907.9 199.31 

600 234.54 341.74 111.17 230.57 -2128.7 -1863.4 162.22 

700 238.04 378.18 129.06 249.12 -2126.1 -1819.4 135.76 

800 240.40 410.13 142.84 267.29 -2126.2 -1775.5 115.92 

900 242.13 438.55 153.78 284.77 -2125.7 -1731.7 100.50 

1000 243.51 464.13 162.69 301.45 -2127.3 -1687.8 88.16 

1100 244.66 487.40 170.09 317.31 -2131.2 -1643.7 78.05 

1200 245.69 508.73 176.35 332.38 -2149.8 -1598.0 69.56 

1300 246.63 528.44 181.72 346.72 -2148.0 -1552.1 62.36 

1400 247.52 546.74 186.39 360.36 -2146.4 -1506.4 56.20 

1500 248.37 563.85 190.49 373.36 -2144.9 -1460.7 50.86 

1600 249.20 579.91 194.13 385.77 -2143.7 -1415.1 46.20 

1700 250.02 595.04 197.40 397.64 -2144.4 -1369.5 42.08 

Melting T 1750 K Boiling T K 

A-wJIO kJ 

A,_HO 31.65 kJ 

Molar Vol. 6. 718 J•bar·1 

H~98-HB 25.42 kJ 67.18 cm3 

A• -2.135E+03 B• 4.491E-01 C= 1.854E+05 

7/22/92 
232 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

PEROVSKITE Formula wt 135.956 

CaTi03 : Orthorhombic crystals 1530 K; cubic crystals 1530 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 97.65 93.64 o.oo 93.64 -1660.6 -1574.8 275.89 

300 98.17 94.25 0.60 93.64 -1660.6 -1574.3 274.10 

400 114.28 125.13 27.38 97.74 -1659.5 -1545.6 201.83 

500 119.98 151.34 45.42 105.92 -1657.8 -1517.4 158.51 

600 122.60 173.47 58.09 115.38 -1656.2 -1489.4 129.66 

700 124.31 192.50 67.43 125.07 -1654.8 -1461.7 109.07 

800 125.83 209.20 74.63 134.56 -1654.4 -1434.1 93.64 

900 127.43 224.11 80.41 143.70 -1653.4 -1406.7 81.64 

1000 129.21 237.62 85.20 152.43 -1652.7 -1379.3 72.04 

1100 131.20 250.03 89.29 160.74 -1652.4 -1352.0 64.20 

1200 133.39 261.54 92.87 168.67 -1664.1 -1323.9 57.63 

1300 135.76 272.31 96.08 176.23 -1662.5 -1295.6 52.06 

1400 138.31 282.46 99.00 183.46 -1660.8 -1267.5 47.29 

1500 141.01 292.10 101.71 190.38 -1658.9 -1239.4 43.16 

1600 134.01 302.46 105.26 197.20 -1655.3 -1211.8 39.56 

1700 134.01 310.58 106.95 203.63 -1654.4 -1184.1 36.38 

1800 134.01 318.28 108.47 209.81 -1802.2 -1154.3 33.50 

Melting T 2188 K Boiling T K 

A,.,Ho kJ 

Aa.lfo kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.363 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 kJ 33.63 cm3 

A= -1.657E+03 B= 2.783E-01 C= -4.73E+04 

5/15/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 233 

HERCYNITE Formula wt 173.808 

FeAl2o4: CUbic crystals 298.15 to 1400 K. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H29s)/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 128.91 117.00 0.00 117.00 

300 129.38 117.80 0.80 117.00 

400 148.11 157.85 35.52 122.34 

500 159.35 192.20 59.24 132.96 

600 167.07 221.97 76.60 145.37 

700 172.83 248.18 89.95 158.22 

800 177.38 271.56 100.61 170.95 

900 181.11 292.68 109.35 183.33 

1000 184.28 311.93 116.69 195.24 

1100 187.01 329.62 122.96 206.66 

1200 189.43 346.00 128.40 217.60 

1300 191.59 361.25 133.18 228.07 

1400 193.55 375.52 137.42 238.10 

Melting T K 

kJ 

kJ 

A= -1.955E+03 B= 3.799E-01 C= 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-1950.5 

-1950.5 

-1950.1 

-1948.9 

-1947.5 

-1946.0 

-1944.7 

-1943.9 

-1965.2 

-1965.7 

-1965.2 

-1963.1 

-1961.0 

Boiling T 

Molar Vol. 

3.842E+05 

-1838.1 322.03 

-1837.4 319.92 

-1799.7 235.02 

-1762.3 184.10 

-1725.1 150.18 

-1688.1 125.97 

-1651.4 107.82 

-1614.7 93.71 

-1576.7 82.36 

-1537.8 73.02 

-1498.9 65.25 

-1460.1 58.67 

-1421.6 53.04 

K 

kJ 

4.075 J•bar·• 

40.75 cm3 

7/17/92 
234 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CHROMITE Formula wt 223.837 

Fecr2o4 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 133.58 146.00 0.00 146.00 -1445.5 -1344.5 235.55 

300 133.95 146.83 0.82 146.00 -1445.5 -1343.9 233.99 

400 149.91 187.72 36.25 151.47 -1444.7 -1310.1 171.08 

500 160.48 222.38 60.10 162.27 -1443.4 -1276.6 133.36 

600 167.91 252.33 77.49 174.84 -1441.7 -1243.4 108.25 

700 173.37 278.64 90.81 187.83 -1440.1 -1210.5 90.33 

800 177.55 302.08 101.40 200.67 -1438.6 -1177.8 76.90 

900 180.85 323.19 110.05 213.13 -1437.5 -1145.3 66.47 

1000 183.55 342.39 117.27 225.11 -1437.3 -1112.8 58.13 

1100 185.84 359.99 123.40 236.59 -1438.0 -1080.4 51.30 

1200 187.86 376.25 128.69 247.56 -1438.3 -1047.8 45.62 

1300 189.69 391.36 133.32 258.04 -1437.3 -1015.3 40.80 

1400 191.42 405.48 137.40 268.08 -1436.6 -982.9 36.67 

1500 193.10 418.74 141.06 277.68 -1436.3 -950.5 33.10 

1600 194.77 431.26 144.37 286.89 -1436.4 -918.1 29.97 

1700 196.47 443.12 147.38 295.74 -1437.8 -885.7 27.21 

1800 198.22 454.40 150.16 304.24 -1439.1 -853.2 24.76 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

Am.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.401 J•bar·• 

H298-aa kJ 44.01 cm3 

A= -1.437E+03 B= 3.242E-01 C= -4.01E+05 

5/15/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 235 

ILMENITE Formula wt 151.725 

FeTio3 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1640 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 99.18 108.90 0.00 108.90 -1232.0 -1155.0 202.43 

300 99.47 109.51 0.61 108.90 -1232.0 -1155.0 201.10 

400 111.62 139.94 26.97 112.97 -1231.1 -1129.5 147.49 

500 119.20 165.72 44.72 121.01 -1229.7 -1104.2 115.35 

600 124.35 187.94 57.58 130.36 -1228.1 -1079.2 93.95 

700 128.16 207.41 67.41 140.00 -1226.6 -1054.6 78.69 

800 131.26 224.73 75.20 149.53 -1225.2 -1030.1 67.26 

900 134.02 240.35 81.58 158.77 -1224.1 -1005.8 58.37 

1000 136.71 254.61 86.96 167.65 -1223.6 -981.5 51.27 

1100 139.50 267.77 91.61 176.16 -1224.1 -957.3 45.46 

1200 142.50 280.03 95.72 184.31 -1227.7 -933.0 40.61 

1300 145.81 291.57 99.45 192.12 -1225.1 -908.5 36.50 

1400 149.48 302.51 102.89 199.62 -1222.3 -884.2 32.99 

1500 153.58 312.96 106.13 206.83 -1219.4 -860.2 29.95 

1600 158.15 323.01 109.23 213.78 -1216.3 -836.3 27.30 

Meltinq T K Boiling '1' K 

A.,Jio kJ 

A,_H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.169 J• bar·• 

H~ 98-Ht, 16.992 kJ 31.69 cm3 

A= -1.224E+03 B= 2.424E-01 C• -3.82E-01 

5/15/92 
236 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ULVOSPINEL Formula wt 223.572 

Fe2Tio4 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 142.27 180.40 o.oo 180.40 -1493.8 -1399.9 245.26 

300 142.86 181.28 0.88 180.40 -1493.8 -1399.4 243.64 

400 160.79 225.33 39.04 186.29 -1492.2 -1368.1 178.65 

500 167.80 262.05 64.17 197.88 -1490.3 -1337.3 139.70 

600 172.68 293.08 81.85 211.22 -1488.6 -1306.8 113.77 

700 177.71 320.07 95.18 224.89 -1487.2 -1276.6 95.26 

800 183.47 344.16 105.85 238.32 -1485.9 -1246.6 81.40 

900 190.06 366.15 114.83 251.31 -1485.1 -1216.8 70.62 

1000 197.44 386.55 122.72 263.83 -1485.4 -1187.0 62.00 

1100 205.52 405.74 129.87 275.87 -1486.9 -1157.0 54.94 

1200 214.21 423.99 136.53 287.45 -1490.4 -1127.0 49.05 

1300 223.43 441.50 142.86 298.63 -1485.5 -1096.9 44.07 

1400 233.11 458.41 148.96 309.45 -1480.1 -1067.2 39.82 

1500 243.18 474.83 154.90 319.93 -1473.9 -1037.9 36.14 

1600 253.60 490.86 160.74 330.11 -1467.1 -1009.0 32.94 

1700 264.33 506.55 166.52 340.03 -1461.5 -980.6 30.13 

1800 275.32 521.97 172.26 349.71 -1454.1 -952.5 27.64 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,.,Ho kJ 

AaJIO kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.682 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 kJ 46.82 cm3 

A= -1.482E+03 8= 2.956E-01 C= -5.73E+05 

5/26/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 237 

SPINEL Formula wt 142.266 

MgAl2o4 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELIMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 115.94 88.70 o.oo 88.70 -2299.1 -2176.6 381.32 

300 116.46 89.42 0.72 88.70 -2299.1 -2175.9 378.84 

400 137.26 126.06 32.51 93.56 -2299.8 -2134.6 278.74 

500 149.86 158.14 54.81 103.34 -2299.5 -2093.3 218.68 

600 158.57 186.28 71.41 114.87 -2298.6 -2052.1 178.65 

700 165.13 211.24 84.35 126.89 -2297.5 -2011.2 150.07 

800 170.33 233.64 94.78 138.85 -2296.5 -1970.3 128.65 

900 174.63 253.96 103.42 150.53 -2295.3 -1929.7 111.99 

1000 178.29 272.55 110.73 161.82 -2324.3 -1886.9 98.56 

1100 181.48 289.70 117.02 172.67 -2323.0 -1843.2 87.52 

1200 184.31 305.61 122.51 183.10 -2321.6 -1799.7 78.33 

1300 186.85 320.46 127.37 193.10 -2320.0 -1756.1 70.56 

1400 189.17 334.40 131.70 202.70 -2445.7 -1709.8 63.79 

1500 191.29 347.52 135.60 211.92 -2442.3 -1657.3 57.71 

1600 193.27 359.93 139.15 220.79 -2438.9 -1605.1 52.40 

1700 195.12 371.70 142.38 229.32 -2435.3 -1553.0 47.72 

1800 196.85 382.91 145.36 237.54 -2431.6 -1501.2 43.56 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A-Jio kJ 

A,_H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3. 971 J•bar·• 

H~ 98 -H& 15.41 kJ 39.71 cm3 

A== -2.3446E+03 B= 4.598E-01 C= 3.114E+06 

5/21/93 
238 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MAGNESIOCHROMITE (picrochromite) Formula wt 192.295 

Mgcr2o4 : CUbic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 126.82 106.00 o.oo 106.00 -1783.6 -1669.1 292.41 

300 127.37 106.79 0.78 106.00 -1783.6 -1668.4 290.48 

400 147.88 146.60 35.31 111.29 -1783.2 -1630.0 212.85 

500 158.71 180.87 59.00 121.87 -1781.8 -1591.8 166.29 

600 165.47 210.44 76.22 134.22 -1780.1 -1554.0 135.28 

700 170.18 236.32 89.32 147.00 -1778.2 -1516.4 113.16 

800 173.72 259.29 99.66 159.63 -1776.5 -1479.2 96.58 

900 176.54 279.92 108.05 171.87 -1774.9 -1442.1 83.70 

1000 178.86 298.64 115.02 183.62 -1782.1 -1404.5 73.36 

1100 180.85 315.79 120.92 194.87 -1781.2 -1366.8 64.90 

1200 182.60 331.60 125.99 205.61 -1780.4 -1329.1 57.85 

1300 184.16 346.28 130.40 215.87 -1779.9 -1291.6 51.89 

1400 185.57 359.98 134.29 225.68 -1907.2 -1250.9 46.67 

1500 186.88 372.83 137.76 235.07 -1905.9 -1204.0 41.93 

1600 188.09 384.93 140.86 244.06 -1905.0 -1157.2 37.78 

1700 189.23 396.36 143.68 252.69 -1904.5 -1110.5 34.12 

1800 190.31 407.21 146.24 260.97 -1904.3 -1063.8 30.87 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

AMHO kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 356 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-Ht, kJ 43.56 cm3 

A• -1.7945E+03 8• 3.960E-01 C• 1.0556E+OO 

5/20/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 239 

MAGNBSIOFERRITB Formula wt 199.997 

MgFe204: Cubic (a) crystals 298.15 to 665 K. Cubic (~) crystals 665 to 1230 K. y-crystals 

1230 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 143.72 121.80 0.00 121.80 -1441.5 -1329.6 232.93 

300 144.10 122.62 0.71 121.91 -1441.5 -1328.9 231.38 

400 164.30 167.06 39.35 127.71 -1439.7 -1291.6 168.66 

500 180.83 205.54 66.02 139.52 -1437.0 -1254.9 131.09 

600 196.01 239.86 86.43 153.43 -1433.4 -1218.8 106.10 

700 187.13 269.98 102.86 167.12 -1429.3 -1182.7 88.25 

800 188.40 295.05 113.47 181.58 -1427.4 -1147.6 74.93 

900 189.68 317.31 121.87 195.44 -1426.5 -1112.7 64.58 

1000 190.95 337.36 128.71 208.65 -1435.8 -1077.1 56.26 

1100 192.23 355.62 134.43 221.19 -1438.4 -1041.0 49.43 

1200 193.50 372.40 139.30 233.10 -1439.6 -1004.9 43.74 

1300 180.93 388.05 143.60 244.45 -1437.5 -968.8 38.93 

1400 186.64 401.67 146.47 255.20 -1564.3 -929.6 34.68 

1500 192.36 414.74 149.34 265.40 -1561.9 -884.4 30.80 

1600 198.07 427.34 152.21 275.13 -1559.3 -839.3 27.40 

1700 203.79 439.52 155.07 284.45 -1558.1 -794.3 24.40 

1800 209.50 451.33 157.94 293.39 -1555.6 -749.4 21.75 

Melting T Boiling T K 

A,.JJo kJ 

A,_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.457 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& kJ 44.57 cm3 

A• -1.464E+03 B• 3.886E-01 C• 1.938E+06 

5/20/93 
240 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

GEIKIELITE Formula wt 120.183 

MgTio3 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 -

298.15 93.03 74.64 o.oo 74.64 -1572.8 -1484.4 260.05 

300 93.37 75.22 0.57 74.64 -1572.8 -1483.8 258.35 

400 106.87 104.13 25.64 78.49 -1572.3 -1454.2 189.90 

500 114.55 128.87 42.72 86.16 -1571.2 -1424.8 148.85 

600 119.39 150.22 55.12 95.10 -1569.8 -1395.7 121.50 

700 122.69 168.88 64.55 104.33 -1568.4 -1366.8 101.99 

800 125.10 185.43 71.98 113.46 -1566.9 -1338.1 87.37 

900 127.01 200.28 77.99 122.29 -1565.5 -1309.6 76.00 

1000 128.65 213.75 82.97 130.77 -1572.9 -1280.5 66.88 

1100 130.19 226.08 87.20 138.89 -1572.0 -1251.3 59.42 

1200 131.72 237.47 90.84 146.63 -1575.1 -1222.0 53.19 

1300 133.32 248.08 94.05 154.03 -1573.7 -1192.7 47.92 

1400 135.06 258.02 96.91 161.11 -1699.6 -1160.3 43.29 

1500 136.97 267.41 99.52 167.89 -1696.7 -1121.9 39.07 

1600 139.09 276.31 101.93 174.39 -1693.7 -1083.6 35.38 

1700 141.44 284.81 104.18 180.63 -1690.7 -1045.5 32.12 

1800 144.04 292.97 106.32 186.65 -1687.6 -1007.7 29.24 

Melting T Boiling T K 

Aw.,Ho kJ 

A .. ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.086 J•bar·' 

8~98-86 13.64 kJ 30.86 cm3 

A• -1.601E+03 B• 3.214B-01 C• 2.118B+06 

5/20/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 241 

PYROPHANITE 

MnTi03 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1600 K. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 99.86 104.90 o.oo 104.90 

300 100.18 105.52 0.62 104.90 

400 111.74 136.14 27.14 109.00 

500 117.59 161.76 44.70 117.06 

600 121.20 183.54 57.17 126.37 

700 123.74 202.43 66.51 135.92 

800 125.71 219.08 73.79 145.29 

900 127.36 233.99 79.65 154.34 

1000 128.80 247.48 84.50 162.99 

1100 130.11 259.82 88.58 171.24 

1200 131.33 271.19 92.10 179.10 

1300 132.48 281.75 95.16 186.59 

1400 133.59 291.61 97.86 193.75 

1500 134.66 300.86 100.28 200.58 

1600 135.71 309.59 102.46 207.13 

Melting T 

kJ 

16.69 kJ 

A= -1.35SE+03 B= 2.557E-01 

Formula wt 150.816 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-1360.1 -1280.9 224.41 

-1360.1 -1280.4 222.94 

-1359.2 -1254.0 163.75 

-1358.0 -1227.8 128.27 

-1356.7 -1201.9 104.63 

-1355.5 -1176.2 87.77 

-1354.3 -1150.7 75.13 

-1353.4 -1125.3 65.31 

-1354.8 -1099.9 57.45 

-1354.2 -1074.5 51.02 

-1357.8 -1048.9 45.66 

-1356.8 -1023.2 41.11 

-1358.2 -997.6 37.22 

-1359.8 -971.7 33.84 

-1371.7 -945.2 30.86 

Boiling T 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.277 J•bar·1 

32.77 cm3 

C= -1.72E+OS 

2/24/94 
242 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

TREVORITE Formula wt 234.382 

NiFe2o4 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~g )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 146.87 140.90 o.oo 140.90 -1070.5 -965.1 169.08 

300 147.18 141.81 0.91 140.90 -1070.5 -964.5 167.93 

400 164.04 186.46 39.58 146.88 -1068.8 -929.4 121.36 

500 181.00 224.88 66.17 158.71 -1066.4 -894.8 93.47 

600 198.00 259.38 86.72 172.66 -1063.2 -860.7 74.93 

700 215.02 291.18 103.83 187.35 -1059.0 -827.3 61.73 

800 232.05 321.01 118.80 202.21 -1053.7 -795.0 51.91 

900 249.09 349.32 132.33 217.00 -1047.6 -762.5 44.25 

1000 266.13 376.45 144.86 231.59 -1041.6 -731.1 38.19 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 365 J• bar·• 

H~ 98-Hf» kJ 43.65 cm3 

A= -1.053E+03 B= 3.232E-01 C= -8.04E+05 

5/26/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 243 

PRANKLINITE 

ZnFe2o4 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 600 K. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 193.37 150.70 o.oo 150.70 

300 193.61 151.90 1.19 150.70 

400 203.23 209.05 50.62 158.43 

500 209.32 255.09 81.78 173.31 

600 214.01 293.68 103.44 190.24 

Melting T 

kJ 

kJ 

A• -1.167E+03 B• 3.112E-01 

Formula wt 241.082 

FORMATION PROM THB ELEMENTS 

Afao AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 -

-1188.1 -1082.1 

-1188.0 -1081.5 

-1181.9 -1046.9 

-1175.7 -1013.9 

-1169.9 -982.0 

Boiling T 

A../10 

Molar Vol. 

C• -7.364B+05 

Log Kf 

189.58 

188.30 

136.71 

105.91 

85.49 

K 

kJ 

4.494 J•bar·1 

44.94 cm3 

2/24/94 
244 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ZINC TITANIUM SPINEL Formula wt 242.658 

Zn2Ti04: Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 133.58 143.10 o.oo 143.10 -1652.1 -1538.4 269.52 

300 134.01 143.93 0.83 143.10 -1652.1 -1537.7 267.74 

400 151.80 185.13 36.53 148.60 -1651.4 -1499.7 195.83 

500 163.31 220.32 60.81 159.51 -1649.9 -1461.9 152.72 

600 171.49 250.85 78.61 172.25 -1647.9 -1424.5 124.01 

700 177.64 277.77 92.33 185.44 -1660.3 -1387.3 103.52 

800 182.45 301.82 103.31 198.51 -1658.2 -1348.4 88.04 

900 186.31 323.54 112.32 211.21 -1655.8 -1309.8 76.02 

1000 189.48 343.34 119.89 223.45 -1653.3 -1271.5 66.42 

1100 192.12 361.52 126.34 235.19 -1650.9 -1233.5 58.57 

1200 194.36 378.34 131.91 246.42 -1882.6 -1191.6 51.87 

1300 196.26 393.97 136.79 257.18 -1877.3 -1134.2 45.57 

1400 197.90 408.58 141.10 267.48 -1872.1 -1077.3 40.19 

1500 199.31 422.28 144.93 277.35 -1866.8 -1020.7 35.54 

1600 200.54 435.18 148.37 286.81 -1861.6 -964.4 31.48 

1700 201.60 447.37 151.47 295.90 -1856.4 -908.5 27.91 

1800 202.54 458.93 154.28 304.64 -1851.3 -852.9 24.75 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,ao kJ 

A,_H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.558 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 kJ 45.58 cm3 

A= -1.751E+03 B= 4.850E-01 C= 6.790E+06 

9/11/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 245 

BROMARGYRITE Formula wt 187.772 

AgBr: CUbic crystals 298.15 to melting point 703 K. Liquid 703 to 1000 K. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 52.38 107.10 0.00 107.10 

300 52.50 107.42 0.32 107.10 

400 58.94 123.41 14.17 109.24 

500 65.39 137.25 23.77 113.48 

600 71.83 149.75 31.24 118.50 

700 78.27 161.30 37.50 123.80 

703 78.46 162.63 37.70 124.93 

800 62.34 182.76 52.14 130.62 

900 62.34 190.08 53.28 136.80 

1000 62.34 196.65 54.18 142.47 

Melting T 703 K 

9.16 kJ 

kJ 

A= -1.0054E+02 8= 3.173E-02 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-100.4 -97.0 16.99 

-100.4 -96.9 16.88 

-114.6 -92.8 12.11 

-112.9 -87.5 9.14 

-110.5 -82.6 7.19 

-107.6 -78.2 5.83 

-107.5 -78.3 5.82 

-96.8 -75.4 4.92 

-95.3 -72.7 4.22 

-93.9 -70.3 3.67 

Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.899 J•bar·1 

28.99 cm3 

C= -5.577E+05 

5/20/93 
246 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

POTASSIUM BROMIDE Formula wt 119.002 

KBr: Cubic crystala 298.15 to melting point 1007 K. Liquid 1007 to boiling point 1671 K. 

FORMATION FROM TBB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Loq Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 52.29 95.90 0.00 95.90 -393.8 -380.4 66.65 

300 52.34 96.22 0.32 95.90 -393.8 -380.3 66.22 

400 53.86 111.54 13.56 97.98 -411.2 -372.3 48.61 

500 54.79 123.65 21.71 101.94 -410.7 -362.6 37.88 

600 56.20 133.75 27.33 106.42 -410.1 -353.0 30.73 

700 58.21 142.56 31.59 110.97 -409.2 -343.6 25.64 

800 60.75 150.49 35.07 115.42 -408.2 -334.3 21.83 

900 63.74 157.82 38.09 119.73 -406.8 -325.1 18.87 

1000 67.09 164.70 40.82 123.89 -405.2 -316.1 16.51 

1100 69.87 196.66 66.62 130.04 -456.6 -305.1 14.49 

1200 69.87 202.73 66.89 135.84 -453.6 -291.4 12.68 

1300 69.87 208.32 67.12 141.20 -450.6 -278.0 11.17 

1400 69.87 213.50 67.32 146.18 -447.6 -264.9 9.88 

1500 69.87 218.32 67.49 150.83 -444.6 -251.9 8.77 

1600 69.87 222.83 67.64 155.19 -441.6 -239.2 7.81 

Melting T 1007 X Boiling T X 

A_,Ho kJ 

A .. H0 25.5 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.328 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-H& 12.21 kJ 43.28 cm3 

A• -4.330B+02 B• 1.198E-Ol C= 1.642B+06 

4/8/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 247 

CHLORARGYRITE Formula wt 143.321 

AgCl: Cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 728 K; liquid 728 to 1000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 50.79 96.23 0.00 96.23 -127.1 -109.8 19.24 

300 50.95 96.54 0.31 96.23 -127.1 -109.7 19.10 

400 56.65 112.08 13.77 98.31 -125.9 -104.1 13.59 

500 59.70 125.08 22.68 102.40 -124.5 -98.8 10.3~ 

600 61.71 136.15 29.03 107.13 -122.9 -93.8 8.17 

700 63.22 145.78 33.81 111.98 -121.2 -89.1 6.65 

728 63.81 148.97 34.93 114.04 -120.7 -88.3 6.33 

800 66.94 172.34 53.92 118.42 -106.4 -85.9 5.61 

900 66.94 180.20 55.37 124.83 -104.4 -83.5 4.84 

1000 66.94 187.27 56.52 130.75 -102.5 -81.3 4.25 

Melting T 728 K Boiling T K 

Aw,BO kJ 

A,_H0 1289 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.573 J•bar·• 

H~ 98 -H& 12.033 kJ 25.73 cm3 

A= -1.102E+02 B= 3.084E-02 C= -8.08E+05 

5/20/92 
248 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

HYDROPHILITB Formula wt 110.983 

cacl2 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1045 K. Liquid 1045 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 72.83 104.60 o.oo 104.60 -795.8 -747.7 130.99 

300 72.93 105.05 0.45 104.60 -795.8 -747.4 130.13 

400 75.71 126.50 18.99 107.51 -794.4 -731.5 95.52 

500 76.86 143.52 30.46 113.07 -793.1 -715.9 74.78 

600 78.00 157.63 38.28 119.35 -792.0 -700.5 60.99 

700 79.45 169.76 44.06 125.71 -790.9 -685.4 51.14 

800 81.26 180.48 48.59 131.89 -790.8 -670.3 43.76 

900 83.40 190.18 52.34 137.84 -789.8 -655.3 38.03 

1000 85.81 199.09 55.56 143.53 -788.9 -640.4 33.45 

1100 102.53 235.46 85.12 150.34 -758.7 -627.1 29.78 

1200 102.53 244.37 86.57 157.80 -764.4 -614.6 26.75 

1300 102.53 252.58 87.80 164.78 -761.4 -602.2 24.20 

1400 102.53 260.17 88.85 171.32 -758.4 -590.1 22.02 

1500 102.53 267.24 89.76 177.48 -755.4 -578.2 20.13 

1600 102.53 273.86 90.56 183.30 -752.5 -566.4 18.49 

1700 102.53 280.07 91.26 188.81 -749.5 -554.9 17.05 

1800 102.53 285.93 91.89 194.04 -895.3 -541.4 15.71 

Melting T 1045 K Boiling T K 

Av.Jio kJ 

A._ao 28.54 kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.075 J•bar·1 

H~98-H6 15.27 kJ 50.75 cm3 

A• -7.714B+02 B• 1.293E-01 C= -1.447E+06 

3/04/94 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 249 

LAWRBNCITB Formula wt 126.752 

PeCl2: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 950 K; liquid 950 to 1300 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 76.34 117.95 o.oo 117.95 -341.7 -302.2 52.95 

300 76.54 118.42 0.47 117.95 -341.6 -302.0 52.58 

400 81.04 141.27 20.23 121.04 -339.8 -289.1 37.75 

500 81.49 159.42 32.45 126.96 -338.1 -276.6 28.89 

600 81.92 174.30 40.65 133.65 -336.6 -264.4 23.02 

700 83.17 187.01 46.63 140.39 -335.4 -252.5 18.84 

800 85.31 198.25 51.32 146.93 -334.3 -240.7 15.72 

900 88.28 208.46 55.25 153.21 -333.3 -229.1 13.30 

1000 102.17 263.64 102.17 161.47 -289.4 -219.8 11.48 

1100 102.17 273.34 102.16 171.18 -288.6 -212.8 10.11 

1200 102.17 282.21 102.16 180.05 -287.1 -206.0 8.97 

1300 102.17 290.41 102.15 188.26 -284.1 -199.4 8.01 

Melting T 950 K Boiling T 1347 K 

AwJIO 124.81 kJ 

A111H0 43.01 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3. 946 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 16.27 kJ 39.46 cm3 

A• -3.136E+02 B• 9.168E-02 C= -1.52E+06 

3/26/93 
250 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MOLYSITE Formula wt 162.205 

Fecl3 : Crystals 298.15 to melting point 577 K; liquid 577 to boiling point 605 K; Ideal gas 

(dimer) 605 to 700 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8298)/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 96.67 142.26 0.00 142.26 -399.2 -333.8 58.47 

300 96.67 142.86 0.60 142.26 -359.4 -333.4 58.04 

400 107.70 171.86 25.72 146.14 -396.9 -311.8 40.71 

500 119.86 197.34 43.46 153.88 -393.7 -290.8 30.38 

600 133.89 294.42 128.55 165.87 -346.8 -272.3 23.71 

700 71.13 344.71 154.70 190.01 -324.5 -263.3 19.64 

Melting T 577 K Boiling T 605 K 

A,.JJo 21.88 kJ 

A1111H0 43.10 kJ 

Molar Vol. 5. 786 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-H& 19.71 kJ 57.86 cm3 

A• -3.455E+02 B• 1.274E-01 c- -2.375E+06 

5/21/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 251 

HYDROGEN CHLORIDE Formula wt 36.461 

BCl: Ideal gas at p • 1 bar, 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Bf-B~ 98 )/T -(Gf-B~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 29.14 186.90 0.00 186.90 -92.3 -95.3 16.70 

300 29.13 187.08 0.18 186.90 -92.3 -95.3 16.60 

400 29.05 195.44 7.40 188.04 -92.6 -96.3 12.57 

500 29.27 201.94 11.75 190.19 -92.9 -97.2 10.15 

600 29.64 207.31 14.70 192.61 -93.3 -98.0 8.53 

700 30.10 211.91 16.86 195.05 -93.6 -98.7 7.37 

800 30.60 215.96 18.55 197.41 -93.9 -99.4 6.49 

900 31.12 219.60 19.92 199.68 -94.1 -100.1 5.81 

1000 31.64 222.90 21.06 201.84 -94.4 -100.8 5.26 

1100 32.16 225.94 22.05 203.89 -94.6 -101.4 4.82 

1200 32.66 228.76 22.91 205.85 -94.8 -102.0 4.44 

1300 33.15 231.40 23.68 2·07. 72 -94.9 -102.6 4.12 

1400 33.61 233.87 24.37 209.50 -95.0 -103.2 3.85 

1500 34.05 236.20 25.00 211.20 -95.2 -103.8 3.61 

1600 34.46 238.41 25.58 212.83 -95.3 -104.4 3.41 

1700 34.83 240.51 26.12 214.40 -95.3 -104.9 3.22 

1800 35.17 242.52 26.61 215.90 -95.4 -105.5 3.06 

Melting T Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A._BO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2 4 7 8 • 9 7 J • bar·1 

B~ 98-B& 8.64 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

A• -9.476E+01 B• -6.043E-03 C• 1.185E+05 

3/04/93 
252 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SYLVITE Formula wt 74.551 

KCl: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1043 K, melting point; liquid 1043 to fictive boiling point 

1475 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 51.29 82.59 o.oo 82.59 -436.5 -408.6 71.58 

300 51.36 82.91 0.32 82.59 -436.5 -408.4 71.10 

400 53.41 98.01 13.38 84.64 -438.4 -398.6 52.06 

500 54.63 110.06 21.51 88.56 -437.9 -388.8 40.61 

600 56.10 120.15 27.14 93.00 -437.2 -379.0 32.99 

700 57.99 128.93 31.41 97.52 -436.4 -369.3 27.56 

800 60.26 136.82 34.87 101.95 -435.3 -359.8 23.49 

900 62.87 144.07 37.83 106.23 -434.0 -350.5 20.34 

1000 65.75 150.84 40.48 110.36 -432.4 -341.3 17.83 

1100 66.94 182.80 67.19 115.61 -482.9 -329.1 15.63 

1200 66.94 189.20 67.72 121.48 -479.5 -315.2 13.72 

1300 66.94 195.10 68.18 126.92 -476.1 -301.7 12.12 

1400 66.94 200.54 68.56 131.98 -472.7 -288.4 10.76 

Melting T 1043 K Boiling T 1750 K 

Ava,Ho 155.39 kJ 

A,_ao 26.28 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.752 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 11.37 kJ 37.52 cm3 

A= -4.584E+02 B• 1.207E-01 C• 1.373E+06 

3/26/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 253 

CHLORMAGNESITE Formula wt 95.210 

MgCl2: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to melting point 987 K. Liquid 987 to boiling point 

1710 K. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 71.04 89.60 o.oo 89.60 

300 71.16 90.04 0.44 89.60 

400 75.63 111.20 18.74 92.46 

500 78.16 128.37 30.39 97.98 

600 79.92 142.78 38.51 104.27 

700 81.32 155.21 44.53 110.68 

800 82.53 166.15 49.20 116.95 

900 83.63 175.94 52.97 122.97 

1000 92.47 228.82 99.37 129.45 

1100 92.47 237.65 98.74 138.28 

1200 92.47 245.68 98.22 146.94 

1300 92.47 253.09 97.78 154.87 

1400 92.47 259.91 97.40 162.13 

1500 92.47 266.31 97.07 168.91 

1600 92.47 272.29 96.78 175.22 

1700 92.47 277.90 96.53 181.12 

Melting T 987 K 

43.1 kJ 

13.76 kJ 

A== -6.293E+02 B• 1.445E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-641.3 -591.8 

-641.3 -591.5 

-639.9 -575.0 

-638.5 -559.0 

-637.0 -543.2 

-635.4 -527.7 

-633.9 -512.4 

-632.5 -497.3 

-596.4 -482.4 

-594.3 -470.5 

-592.3 -459.4 

-590.2 -448.5 

-715.6 -434.6 

-712.2 -414.8 

-708.8 -395.1 

-705.5 -375.7 

Boiling T 

AwJIO 

Molar Vol. 

C• -4.868E+05 

103.68 

102.98 

75.09 

58.40 

47.29 

39.38 

33.46 

28.86 

25.20 

22.34 

20.00 

18.02 

16.22 

14.44 

12.90 

11.54 

K 

kJ 

4.081 J•bar·1 

40.81 cm3 

4/23/93 
254 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SCACCHITE Formula wt 125.844 

MnC12 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 923 K; liquid 923 to 1400 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 73.01 118.24 o.oo 118.24 -481.3 -440.5 77.17 

300 73.11 118.69 0.45 118.24 -481.3 -440.2 76.65 

400 77.24 140.35 19.19 121.17 -479.9 -426.8 55.73 

500 79.80 157.88 31.07 126.81 -478.6 -413.6 43.21 

600 81.73 172.60 39.36 133.25 -477.2 -400.8 34.89 

700 83.36 185.33 45.53 139.80 -475.9 -388.1 28.96 

800 84.84 196.56 50.35 146.21 -474.6 -375.7 24.53 

900 86.23 206.63 54.26 152.37 -473.3 -363.4 21.09 

1000 94.56 257.19 95.73 161.46 -436.1 -354.4 18.51 

1100 94.56 266.19 95.62 170.57 -434.2 -346.3 16.44 

1200 94.56 274.43 95.54 178.89 -432.3 -338.4 14.73 

1300 94.56 282.00 95.46 186.54 -430.5 -330.6 13.29 

1400 94.56 288.99 95.40 193.59 -431.0 -322.9 12.05 

Melting T 923 K Boiling T K 

A,.JJo kJ 

At~~~H 0 37.53 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.211 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 15.071 kJ 42.11 cm3 

A• -4.505E+02 B= 9.437E-02 C• -1.734E+06 

3/26/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 255 

HALITB Formula wt 58.442 

NaCl: CUbic crystals 298.15 to 1073.8 K; liquid 1073.8 to fictive boiling point 1791 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hia-H~ 98 )/T -(Gia-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 50.51 72.12 o.oo 72.12 -411.3 -384.2 67.30 

300 50.54 72.43 0.31 72.12 -411.2 -384.0 66.86 

400 52.34 87.22 13.09 74.12 -413.5 -374.8 48.94 

500 54.14 99.09 21.12 77.97 -413.0 -365.2 38.15 

600 55.93 109.12 26.77 82.35 -412.4 -355.6 30.96 

700 57.73 117.88 31.07 86.81 -411.5 -346.3 25.84 

800 59.53 125.70 34.51 91.19 -410.4 -337.0 22.00 

900 61.32 132.82 37.39 95.43 -409.1 -327.9 19.03 

1000 63.12 139.37 39.87 99.50 -407.6 .;.319.0 16.66 

1100 68.46 171.89 67.93 103.96 -377.5 -310.8 14.76 

1200 68.14 177.83 67.96 109.87 -472.3 -302.4 13.16 

1300 67.82 183.27 67.96 115.31 -469.5 -288.3 11.59 

1400 67.50 188.29 67.94 120.35 -466.7 -274.5 10.24 

1500 67.17 192.93 67.90 125.03 -463.9 -260.9 9.08 

1600 66.85 197.26 67.85 129.41 -461.2 -247.4 8.08 

1700 66.53 201.30 67.78 133.52 -458.5 -234.2 7.19 

Kelting T 1074 K Boiling T K 

Av.JIO kJ 

AaJio 28.16 kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.702 J•bar·• 

s~98-BB 10.61 kJ 27.02 cm3 

A• -4.283E+02 B• 1.1044E-01 c- 1.132E+06 

5/21/92 
256 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

NICKELOOS CHLORIDE Formula wt 129.595 

NiCl2: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to melting point. 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log ICf 

IC J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 71.68 98.20 o.oo 98.20 -304.9 -258.8 45.33 

300 71.88 98.64 0.44 98.20 -304.9 -258.5 45.00 

400 77.21 120.25 i9.14 101.11 -303.6 -243.2 31.76 

500 78.34 137.63 30.89 106.74 -302.3 -228.3 23.85 

600 78.89 151.96 38.84 113.12 -301.3 -213.6 18.59 

700 79.74 164.18 44.62 119.56 -300.4 -199.0 14.85 

800 81.06 174.91 49.09 125.82 -299.2 -184.6 12.05 

900 82.87 184.55 52.74 131.82 -297.8 -170.3 9.89 

1000 85.11 193.40 55.86 137.54 -296.4 -156.2 8.16 

1100 87.72 201.63 58.63 143.00 -294.7 -142.3 6.76 

1200 90.66 209.39 61.18 148.21 -292.9 -128.5 5.59 

1300 93.87 216.77 63.57 153.20 -290.9 -114.9 4.62 

Melting T 1303 IC Boiling T IC 

A...,Ho kJ 

A._HO 77.17 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3 • 6 70 J • bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 14.43 kJ 36.70 cm3 

A • -2.965E+02 8 • 1.403E-01 C • -3.75E+05 

4/8/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 257 

COTUNNITB Formula wt 278.105 

Pbcl2 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 768 K; liquid 768 to 1000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-&~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 -

298.15 73.18 136.00 o.oo 136.00 -359.4 -314.1 55.03 

300 73.33 136.45 0.45 136.00 -359.4 -313.8 54.64 

400 79.98 158.53 19.56 138.97 -357.9 -298.9 39.03 

500 84.51 176.89 32.12 144.77 -356.0 -284.3 29.70 

600 87.85 192.61 41.15 151.46 -354.0 -270.2 23.52 

700 90.45 206.35 48.01 158.34 -356.6 -255.6 19.07 

768 91.89 215.09 51.72 163.37 -355.0 -246.2 16.74 

800 113.80 250.41 83.99 166.42 -329.7 -242.4 15.82 

900 113.80 263.80 87.31 176.49 -325.0 -231.7 13.45 

1000 113.80 275.77 89.96 185.81 -320.3 -221.5 11.57 

Melting T 768 K Boiling T K 

A_,ao kJ 

A._ao 23.85 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 709 J•bar·1 

8~ 98-Ht, 16.94 kJ 47.09 cm3 

A• -3.4058+02 B• 1.218E-01 C= -9.24E+05 

5/21/92 
258 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

FLUORITE Formula wt 78.075 

CaF2 : Cubic crystals 298.15 K to transition at 1424 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 67.68 68.90 o.oo 68.90 -1228.0 -1175.3 205.90 

300 67.38 69.32 0.42 68.90 -1228.0 -1175.0 204.57 

400 69.99 88.47 16.98 71.49 -1227.2 -1157.4 151.14 

500 79.35 105.16 28.58 76.58 -1225.8 -1140.1 119.10 

600 83.72 120.09 37.48 82.62 -1224.0 -1123.1 97.77 

700 83.92 133.05 44.13 88.92 -1222.3 -1106.5 82.56 

800 82.48 144.17 49.02 95.15 -1221.8 -1089.9 71.16 

900 81.73 153.82 52.68 101.14 -1220.8 -1073.5 62.30 

1000 83.53 162.50 55.65 106.85 -1220.0 -1057.1 55.22 

1100 89.33 170.70 58.41 112.29 -1219.3 -1040.9 49.43 

1200 100.22 178.90 61.40 117.49 -1225.8 -1024.1 44.58 

1300 117.06 187.54 65.00 122.54 -1222.2 -1007.4 40.48 

1400 140.52 197.03 69.51 127.52 -1216.7 -991.1 36.98 

Melting T 1691 K Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

AuHo kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 454 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB 11.64 kJ 24.54 cm3 

A= -1.221E+03 B= 1.643E-Ol C= -2.93E+05 

11/25/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 259 

HYDROGEN FLUORIDE Formula wt 20. 006 

HF: Ideal gas at p • 1 bar, 298.15 to 2500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p s.r (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 29.14 173.78 o.oo 173.78 -273o3 -275.4 48.25 

300 29.15 173.96 0.18 173.78 -273.3 -275.4 47.95 

400 29.21 182.36 7.44 174.93 -273.5 -276.1 36.05 

500 29.15 188.87 11.79 177.09 -273.7 -276.7 28.91 

600 29.18 194.19 14.68 179.51 -274.0 -277.3 24.14 

700 29.32 198.70 16.76 181.94 -274.3 -277.9 20.73 

800 29.55 202.63 18.34 184.28 -274.6 -278.3 18.17 

900 29.86 206.13 19.61 186.52 -275.0 -278.8 16.18 

1000 30.20 209.29 20.65 188.64 -275.3 -279.2 14.58 

1100 30.59 212.18 21.53 190.65 -275.6 -279.6 13.28 

1200 30.99 214.86 22.31 192.56 -276.0 -279.9 12.18 

1300 31.40 217.36 22.99 194.37 -276.3 -280.2 11.26 

1400 31.81 219.70 23.60 196.10 -276.6 -280.5 10.47 

1500 32.22 221.91 24.17 197.75 -276.9 -280.8 9.78 

1600 32.63 224.00 24.68 199.32 -277.2 -281.0 9.17 

1700 33.02 225.99 25.16 200.83 -277.5 -281.2 8.64 

1800 33.39 227.89 25.61 202.28 -277.8 -281.5 8.17 

Melting T Boiling T K 

A...,Ho kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2478.97 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 8.599 kJ 24789.7 cm3 

A= -2.759E+02 B= -3.234E-03 C= 1.443E+05 

11/19/92 
260 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SELLAITE Formula wt 62.302 

MgF2 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to melting point 1536 K. Liquid 1536 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 61.51 57.20 o.oo 57.20 -1124.2 -1071.1 187.64 

300 61.69 57.58 0.38 57.20 -1124.2 -1070.7 186.42 

400 68.61 76.38 16.67 59.72 -1123.4 -1053.0 137.51 

500 72.56 92.15 27.48 64.67 -1122.4 -1035.5 108.18 

600 75.16 105.63 35.22 70.40 -1121.2 -1018.2 88.64 

700 77.02 117.36 41.07 76.29 -1120.0 -1001.2 74.71 

800 78.44 127.74 45.66 82.09 -1118.9 -984.3 64.27 

900 79.57 137.05 49.36 87.68 -1117.7 -967.5 56.15 

1000 80.50 145.48 52.43 93.05 -1125.3 -950.2 49.63 

1100 81.28 153.19 55.02 98.17 -1124.3 -932.7 44.29 

1200 81.95 160.29 57.24 103.06 -1123.3 -915.3 39.84 

1300 82.53 166.88 59.16 107.71 -1122.3 -898.0 36.08 

1400 83.04 173.01 60.85 112.16 -1248.7 -877.7 32.75 

1500 83.49 178.75 62.34 116.41 -1246.3 -851.3 29.64 

1600 94.56 222.46 100.45 122.01 -1185.0 -827.5 27.01 

1700 94.56 228.19 100.10 128.09 -1181.4 -805.2 24.74 

1800 94.56 233.59 99.80 133.79 -1177.9 -783.2 22.73 

Melting T 1536 K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

A._ao 58.69 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.961 J•bar·• 

a~98-aa 9.914 kJ 19.61 cm3 

A• -1.145E+03 8• 1.963E-01 C• 1.628E+06 

11/19/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 261 

VILLIAUMITE Formula wt 41.988 

NaF: Cubic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1269 K. Liquid 1269 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Loq Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 46.86 51.50 o.oo 51.50 -573.6 -543.4 95.20 

300 46.94 51.79 0.29 51.50 -573.6 -543.2 94.58 

400 49.72 65.74 12.36 53.38 -576.0 -532.9 69.59 

500 51.19 77.00 19.98 57.02 -575.7 -522.2 54.55 

600 52.53 86.45 25.29 61.16 -575.3 -511.5 44.53 

700 54.02 94.66 29.29 65.37 -574.7 -500.9 37.38 

800 55.71 101.98 32.48 69.49 -573.9 -490.4 32.02 

900 57.59 108.65 35.17 73.48 -573.0 -480.0 27.86 

1000 59.63 114.82 37.51 77.31 -571.8 -469.8 24.54 

1100 61.82 120.60 39.62 80.98 -570.5 -459.6 21.82 

1200 64.12 126.08 41.56 84.52 -665.8 -447.1 19.46 

1300 68.51 157.48 69.57 87.91 -629.2 -429.0 17.24 

1400 68.51 162.55 69.49 93.06 -626.4 -413.7 15.44 

1500 68.51 167.28 69.43 97.85 -623.5 -398.6 13.88 

1600 68.51 171.70 69.37 102.33 -620.6 -383.7 12.53 

1700 68.51 175.85 69.32 106.53 -617.8 -369.0 11.34 

1800 68.51 179.76 69.27 110.49 -615.0 -354.5 10.29 

Melting T 1269 K Boiling T K 

A,..,Ho kJ 

A,_ao 33.14 kJ 

Molar Vol. 1.498 J•bar·1 

8~ 98 -H& 8.49 kJ 14.98 cm3 

A• -6.018E+02 B• 1.344E-01 C• 1.835E+06 

11/19/92 
262 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CRYOLITE Formula wt 209.941 

Na3Al:r6 : Monoclinic (a) crystals 298.15 to 836 K transition to cubic (P) crystals. Cubic 

crystals 836 to 1153 K. y crystals 1153 to melting point 1290 K. Liquid 1290 

to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ a)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 217.37 238.50 o.oo 238.50 -3316.8 -3152.1 552.22 

300 217.73 239.85 1.34 238.50 -3316.8 -3151.0 548.63 

400 238.77 305.46 58.16 247.31 -3323.0 -3095.4 404.21 

500 251.60 360.26 95.69 264.57 -3320.4 -3038.8 317.45 

600 262.30 . 407.03 122.52 284.51 -3317.0 -2982.8 259.67 

700 281.11 448.71 143.68 305.03 -3312.3 -2927.4 218.44 

800 315.99 488.31 162.84 325.47 -3305.1 -2872.9 187.58 

900 279.88 532.93 186.63 346.30 -3290.1 -2820.0 163.66 

1000 284.68 562.66 196.20 366.46 -3295.5 -2767.3 144.54 

1100 289.47 590.02 204.46 385.56 -3289.9 -2714.7 128.91 

1200 300.41 617.49 213.76 403.73 -3571.9 -2655.4 115.58 

1300 396.91 730.45 308.67 421.78 -3447.8 -2580.3 103.67 

1400 396.91 759.86 314.97 444.89 -3429.0 -2514.3 93.81 

1500 396.91 787.23 320.43 466.80 -3410.1 -2449.6 85.30 

1600 396.91 812.84 325.21 487.63 -3391.4 -2386.2 77.90 

1700 396.91 836.89 329.43 507.46 -3372.6 -2323.9 71.40 

1800 396.91 859.57 333.18 526.39 -3354.0 -2262.7 65.66 

Melting T 1290 K Boiling T K 

Aw,Ho kJ 

Aa.Ho 113.75 kJ 

Molar Vol. 7.081 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 38.223 kJ 70.81 cm3 

A• -3.370E+03 B== 6.097E-01 C= -3.62E+06 

11/19/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 263 

CHIOLITE Formula wt 461.871 

Na5Al3F14 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to melting point 1010 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 453.91 515.30 o.oo 515.30 -7546.3 -7174.7 1256.95 

300 455.08 518.11 2.80 515.31 -7546.3 -7172.4 1248.79 

400 499.34 655.82 122.04 533.78 -7556.5 -7047.1 920.24 

sao 524.54 770.16 200.20 569.96 -7552.3 -6920.2 722.94 

600 542.23 867.43 255.80 611.63 -7546.5 -6794.3 591.49 

700 556.38 952.11 297.76 654.35 -7539.6 -6669.5 497.67 

800 568.64 1027.22 330.87 696.35 -7532.1 -6545.7 427.38 

900 579.80 1094.85 357.91 736.94 -7524.1 -6422.9 372.77 

1000 590.28 1156.48 380.63 775.85 -7547.6 -6298.8 329.01 

Melting T 1010 K Boiling T K 

A,.Jio kJ 

Aa.H0 80.831 kJ 

Molar Vol. 15. 408 J • bar·1 

H~ 98-Ht, 38.223 kJ 154.08 cm3 

A= -7.5366E+03 B= 1.239E+OO C= -7.07E+05 

11/20/92 
264 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

IODARGYITB Formula wt 234.773 

Agi: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 423 K; cubic crystals 423 to 831 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (BT-&~ 98 )/T -(GT-&~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 -

298.15 54.41 115.48 o.oo 115.48 -61.8 -66.3 11.61 

300 54.60 115.82 0.34 115.48 -61.8 -66.3 11.54 

400 64.68 132.91 15.16 117.74 -69.3 -67.6 8.82 

500 56.48 160.54 36.15 124.39 -84.0 -66.3 6.93 

600 56.48 170.88 39.54 131.34 -82.8 -62.9 5.47 

700 56.48 179.54 41.96 137.58 -81.8 -59.6 4.45 

800 56.48 187.07 43.78 143.29 -80.8 -56.5 3.69 

Melting T 831 K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

Aa.lfo kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.130 J•bar·1 

8~ 98-aa kJ 41.30 cm3 

A• -9.280E+01 B• 4.399E-02 C• 1.196E+06 

11/19/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 265 

MARSHITE Formula wt 190.450 

Cui: Cubic crystals 298.15 to transition point at 643 K. There is a second transition at 

679 K. Cui melts at 868 K. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 54.06 96.60 o.oo 96.60 

300 54.14 96.93 0.33 96.60 

400 57.20 112.92 14.17 98.75 

500 60.59 125.89 22.98 102.91 

600 76.90 137.85 30.12 107.73 

700 68.62 163.05 49.32 113.73 

800 68.62 172.22 51.74 120.48 

900 65.75 189.35 62.33 127.02 

1000 63.45 196.15 62.56 133.59 

1100 61.43 202.11 62.55 139.56 

1200 59.68 207.38 62.38 145.00 

1300 58.20 212.09 62.11 149.98 

1400 56.99 216.36 61.79 154.57 

Melting T 868 K 

7.93 kJ 

kJ 

A= -7.665E+01 B• 2.882E-02 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Loq Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-67.8 -69.4 

-67.8 -69.4 

-75.5 -69.7 

-96.4 -66.3 

-94.3 -60.4 

-82.4 -55.6 

-80.1 -51.9 

-70.1 -48.8 

-68.3 -46.5 

-66.9 -44.4 

-65.8 -42.5 

-65.0 -40.5 

-77.6 -38.3 

Boiling T 

A.,JJO 

Molar Vol. 

C• -2.219E+05 

12.16 

12.09 

9.10 

6.92 

5.26 

4.15 

3.39 

2.83 

2.43 

2.11 

1.85 

1.63 

1.43 

K 

3.335 J•bar·• 

33.35 cm3 

11/19/92 
266 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

WITHERITE Formula wt 197.336 

BaC03: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1079 K; tetragonal crystals 1079 to 1241 K; cubic 

crystals 1241 to 1600 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 85.32 112.13 o.oo 112.13 -1210.9 -1132.2 198.35 

300 85.75 112.66 0.53 112.13 -1210.8 -1131.7 197.05 

400 99.75 139.57 23.87 115.71 -1209.9 -1105.5 144.36 

500 106.60 162.62 39.77 122.84 -1209.3 -1079.4 112.77 

600 112.19 182.55 51.38 131.17 -1209.3 -1053.5 91.71 

700 118.01 200.28 60.48 139.80 -1208.3 -1027.6 76.68 

800 124.41 216.45 68.06 148.38 -1207.4 -1001.8 65.41 

900 131.45 231.50 74.71 156.79 -1205.7 -976.2 56.65 

1000 139.07 245.74 80.76 164.98 -1203.4 -950.8 49.66 

1100 154.81 275.81 102.47 173.34 -1191.2 -925.3 43.94 

1200 154.81 289.28 106.83 182.45 -1187.4 -901.3 39.23 

1300 158.98 304.39 113.13 191.26 -1180.3 -877.7 35.27 

1400 158.98 316.17 116.40 199.77 -1176.1 -854.7 31.89 

1500 158.98 327.13 119.24 207.89 -1172.0 -831.8 28.97 

1600 158.98 337.39 121.73 215.66 -1167.8 -809.3 26.42 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,HO kJ 

Ar.Jio kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.581 J•bar·• 

H298-H& kJ 45.81 cm3 

A= -1.196E+03 B= 2.438E-01 C= -9.15E+05 

9/11/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 267 

ARAGONITE Formula wt 100.087 

CaC03: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 82.31 87.99 0.00 87.99 -1207.4 -1127.4 197.51 

300 82.55 88.50 0.51 87.99 -1207.4 -1126.9 196.21 

400 92.67 113.75 22.38 91.37 -1206.7 -1100.2 143.66 

500 99.80 135.22 37.18 98.04 -1205.8 -1073.6 112.16 

600 105.76 153.96 48.13 105.83 -1204.8 -1047.3 91.17 

700 111.17 170.67 56.75 113.92 -1203.7 -1021.2 76.20 

800 116.28 185.85 63.87 121.98 -1203.4 -995.0 64.97 

900 121.22 199.84 69.97 129.86 -1202.2 -969.1 56.24 

1000 126.06 212.86 75.34 137.52 -1201.0 -943.2 49.27 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

A,.Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.415 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 14.31 kJ 34.15 cm3 

A= -1.203E+03 B• 2.598E-01 C• -1.96E+05 

9/18/92 
268 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CALCITE Formula wt 100.087 

caco3 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~g )/T AfHO AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 83.47 91.71 o.oo 91.71 -1207.4 -1128.5 197.70 

300 83.82 92.23 0.52 91.71 -1207.4 -1128.0 196.39 

400 97.00 118.36 23.18 95.19 -1206.3 -1101.6 143.86 

500 104.55 140.88 38.75 102.13 -1204.9 -1075.6 112.37 

600 109.88 160.43 50.18 110.25 -1203.5 -1049.9 91.40 

700 114.16 177.70 59.02 118.68 -1202.0 -1024.4 76.44 

800 117.88 193.19 66.15 127.04 -1201.6 -999.0 65.23 

900 121.28 207.28 72.09 135.18 -1200.3 -973.8 56.52 

1000 124.48 220.22 77.17 143.05 -1199.1 -948.7 49.55 

1100 127.55 232.23 81.61 150.62 -1198.1 -923.7 43.86 

1200 130.53 243.46 85.57 157.89 -1204.9 -898.2 39.10 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJio kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3 • 69 3 J • bar·• 

a~98-aa 14.48 kJ 36.93 cm3 

A= -1.200E+03 B= 2.518E-01 C= -3.036E+05 

10/14/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OFINDMDUAL PHASES 269 

DOLOMITE Formula wt 184.401 

CaMg(C03 )2 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1100 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 157.51 155.18 o.oo 155.18 -2324.5 -2161.3 378.64 

300 158.06 156.16 0.97 155.18 -2324.5 -2160.3 376.13 

400 183.54 205.32 43.61 161.71 -2323.4 -2105.7 274.97 

500 201.89 248.35 73.52 174.83 -2321.4 -2051.4 214.31 

600 215.66 286.43 96.12 190.32 -2318.8 -1997.7 173.91 

700 226.65 320.53 114.00 206.53 -2316.0 -1944.4 145.09 

800 236.08 351.42 128.69 222.74 -2313.9 -1891.4 123.47 

900 244.73 379.73 141.10 238.63 -2310.8 -1838.7 106.72 

1000 253.15 405.96 151.89 254.07 -2316.2 -1785.7 93.28 

1100 261.72 430.48 161.48 269.00 -2312.9 -1732.9 82.28 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

Aw,Ho kJ 

Aru.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 6.434 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 25.98 kJ 64.34 cm3 

A• -2.314E+03 B~ 5.283E-01 C• -4.81E+05 

5/22/92 
270 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SIDERITE Formula wt 115.856 

Peco3 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 600 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO LOCJ Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 82.27 95.47 o.oo 95.47 -755.9 -682.8 119.63 

300 82.52 95.98 0.51 95.47 -755.9 -682.4 118.81 

400 94.34 121.43 22.57 98.86 -755.1 -658.0 85.92 

500 102.56 143.43 37.80 105.63 -754.0 -633.8 66.21 

600 108.09 162.65 49.08 113.56 -752.9 -609.9 53.09 

Meltinc;;r T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

AftaiHO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2. 938 J•bar"1 

a~98-aa 14.59 kJ 29.38 cm3 

A= -7.525E+02 8= 2.383E-01 C• -1.23E+05 

5/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 271 

MAGNESITE Formula wt 84.314 

Mqoo3 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-&~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~g )/T AfRo AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 76.09 65.09 o.oo 65.09 -1113.3 -1029.5 180.36 

300 76.44 65.56 0.47 65.09 -1113.3 -1029.0 179.15 

400 90.57 89.67 21.39 68.28 -1112.9 -1000.9 130.70 

500 99.92 110.94 36.20 74.73 -1111.9 -973.0 101.65 

600 107.38 129.83 47.46 82.37 -1110.6 -945.3 82.30 

700 113.96 146.89 56.50 90.39 -1109.1 -917.9 68.49 

800 120.06 162.51 64.07 98.44 -1107.3 -890.7 58.16 

900 125.88 176.98 70.61 106.37 -1105.3 -863.7 50.13 

1000 131.54 190.54 76.42 114.12 -1111.6 -836.3 43.68 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A....,Ho kJ 

A,_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.802 J•bar·• 

&~ 98-H& 11.63 kJ 28.02 cml 

A= -1.108E+03 B= 2.718E-01 C= -2.42E+05 

5/22/92 
272 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELAmD SUBSTANCES 

RHODOCHROSITE Formula wt 114.947 

Mnco3 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 600 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. c• p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 -

298.15 80.78 98.03 0.00 98.03 -892.9 -819.1 143.50 

300 81.03 98.53 0.50 98.03 -892.9 -818.7 142.54 

400 92.38 123.49 22.13 101.36 -892.4 -794.0 103.68 

500 100.87 145.05 37.06 107.99 -891.6 -769.5 80.38 

600 107.70 164.07 48.29 115.78 -890.6 -745.2 64.87 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A..,a• kJ 

A,_H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.107 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 14.12 kJ 31.07 CID3 

A• -8.894E+02 B• 2.425E-01 C= -9.44£+04 

5/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 273 

DAWSONITE Formula wt 143.995 

NaAlC03 (0H) 2 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

I( J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 34.52 132.00 o.oo 132.00 -1964.0 -1786.0 312.89 

300 34.52 132.21 0.21 132.00 -1964.2 -1784.9 310.77 

400 34.55 142.15 8.79 133.35 -1980.2 -1722.9 224.98 

500 34.58 149.86 13.95 135.91 -1994.4 -1656.9 173.09 

Melting T I( Boiling T I( 

vo kJ 

AaJIO kJ 

Molar Vol. 5. 93 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 22.17 kJ 59.3 cm3 

A= -2.010E+03 B= 6.937E-01 C= 1.518E+06 

7/17/92 
274 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

STRONTIANITE Formula wt 147.629 

Sr003: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1197 K; hexagonal crystals 1197 to 1400 K. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·x-1 

298.15 81.50 97.07 o.oo 

300 82.03 97.58 0.50 

400 97.72 123.80 23.26 

500 102.86 146.24 38.74 

600 106.05 165.28 49.69 

700 109.46 181.87 57.98 

800 113.64 196.75 64.67 

900 118.69 210.42 70.38 

1000 124.54 223.22 75.50 

1100 131.11 235.40 80.25 

1200 144.77 262.84 100.48 

1300 144.77 274.42 103.89 

1400 144.77 285.15 106.81 

Melting T K 

kJ 

kJ 

A = -1.210E+03 

-(GT-H298)/T 

97.07 

97.07 

100.54 

107.50 

115.58 

123.89 

132.09 

140.04 

147.72 

155.15 

162.36 

170.53 

178.34 

B = 2.577E-Ol 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-1218.7 -1137.6 199.29 

-1218.7 -1137.1 197.97 

-1217.7 -1110.0 144.94 

-1216.4 -1083.2 113.16 

-1215.2 -1056.6 91.99 

-1214.1 -1030.3 76.88 

-1213.0 -1004.1 65.56 

-1212.4 -978.0 56.76 

-1210.6 -952.0 49.73 

-1216.3 -925.9 43.97 

-1195.5 -899.7 39.16 

-1192.6 -875.1 35.16 

-1189.9 -850.8 31.74 

Boiling T K 

A,.,Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.901 J•bar·• 

39.01 cm3 

C = -4.37E+05 

7/17/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 275 

SMITHSONITE Formula wt 125.399 

Znco3 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 80.05 81.19 o.oo 81.19 -817.0 -735.3 128.82 

300 80.29 81.69 0.49 81.19 -817.0 -734.8 127.94 

400 91.77 106.42 21.93 84.49 -816.4 -707.5 92.39 

500 101.01 127.92 36.86 91.07 -815.4 -680.4 71.08 

600 108.79 147.05 48.21 98.83 -814.0 -653.5 56.89 

700 115.57 164.34 57.36 106.98 -819.7 -626.8 46.77 

800 121.64 180.17 65.02 115.15 -817.9 -599.4 39.13 

900 127.19 194.82 71.63 123.20 -815.7 -572.2 33.21 

1000 132.34 208.49 77.44 131.05 -813.2 -545.3 28.48 

1100 137.18 221.34 82.66 138.68 -810.3 -518.6 24.63 

1200 141.77 233.47 87.39 146.08 -922.2 -490.3 21.34 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,Ho kJ 

A,_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.828 J•bar·• 

H~g -Ht» 13.49 kJ 28.28 cm3 

A= -8.163E+02 B• 2.711E-01 C• 1.690E+04 

5/22/92 
276 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

NITROBARITE Formula wt 261.337 

Ba(N03)2: Cubic crystals 298.15 to 800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (BT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 151.35 213.80 o.oo 213.80 -992.1 -796.6 139.55 

300 151.85 214.74 0.93 213.80 -992.1 -795.4 138.48 

400 174.94 261.75 41.70 220.06 -990.5 -730.0 95.33 

500 193.67 302.85 70.26 232.59 -988.0 -665.2 69.49 

600 210.68 339.68 92.26 247.42 -984.9 -600.9 52.31 

700 226.88 373.38 110.34 263.04 -979.6 -537.3 40.09 

800 242.65 404.71 125.90 278.81 -973.6 -474.4 30.98 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,.,Bo kJ 

A,_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 8.058 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-aa kJ 80.58 cm3 

A= -9.791E+02 B= 6.323E-Ol C= -5.41E+05 

5/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 277 

CALCIUM NITRATE 

Ca(N03 ) 2 : CUbic crystals 298.15 to 800 K. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~g )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 149.11 193.30 o.oo 193.30 

300 149.66 194.22 0.92 193.30 

400 173.76 240.79 41.30 199.49 

500 192.74 281.65 69.73 211.92 

600 210.08 318.34 91.69 226.64 

700 226.83 351.98 109.81 242.18 

800 243.37 383.35 125.47 257.88 

Melting T 

kJ 

kJ 

A• -9.217E+02 B• 6.267E-01 

Formula wt 164.088 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-938.4 -742.6 130.10 

-938.4 -741.4 129.08 

-936.6 -675.9 88.27 

-933.1 -611.2 63.85 

-928.4 -547.2 47.64 

-922.5 -484.1 36.12 

-916.3 -421.8 27.54 

Boiling T K 

A..,.Jio kJ 

Molar Vol. 6. 609 J • bar·• 

66.09 cm3 

C= -6.975+05 

5/22/92 
278 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

NITER Formula wt 101.103 

KN03: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 401 K; Rhombohedral crystals 401 to 610 K; liquid 

610 to 700 K. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Bf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·x-1 

298.15 96.27 133.09 o.oo 133.09 

300 96.27 133.69 0.60 133.09 

400 108.41 163.09 26.05 137.05 

500 120.50 204.68 56.74 147.94 

600 120.50 226.64 67.36 159.28 

700 123.43 262.08 89.73 172.35 

Melting T 610 K 

10.10 kJ 

kJ 

A= -4.736E+02 B• 2.981E-Ol 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Afao AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-494.5 -394.5 69.12 

-494.4 -393.9 68.59 

-495.6 -360.1 47.03 

-486.8 -328.1 34.27 

-484.0 -296.6 25.82 

-471.1 -267.0 19.92 

Boiling T 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 804 J•bar·• 

48.04 cm3 

C= -8.83E+05 

5/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 279 

MAGNESIUM NITRATE Formula wt 148.315 

Mg(N03) 2 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 600 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1-

298.15 141.92 164.01 o.oo 164.01 -790.7 -589.2 103.22 

300 142.40 164.89 0.88 164.01 -790.6 -587.9 102.37 

400 168.77 209.45 39.54 169.91 -789.5 -520.5 67.97 

500 195.63 249.99 68.07 181.92 -786.0 -453.6 47.38 

600 222.70 288.05 91.58 196.47 -780.4 -387.6 33.74 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,.jlo kJ 

Aglio kJ 

Molar Vol. 6.293 J•bar·1 

H~98-H6 kJ 62.93 cm3 

A= -7.811E+02 8= 6.577E-01 C= -3.732+05 

5/22/92 
280 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

AMMONIA-NITER Formula wt 80.043 

NH4N03: Ammonia-niter undergoes phase changes at 305.3, 357.4, 398.4 K. It melts at 442.8 

K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Tamp. co 

p ST (BT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~g )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 139.37 151.08 o.oo 151.08 -365.6 -183.8 32.20 

300 139.37 151.94 0.86 151.08 -365.6 -182.7 31.81 

400 190.79 208.94 51.26 157.68 -358.5 -122.3 15.97 

500 161.08 260.24 86.69 173.55 -349.1 -64.5 6.74 

Malting T 442.8 K Boiling T K 

Aw.,Bo kJ 

A._ao 5.44 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.649 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-a& kJ 46.49 cm3 

A• -3.384£+02 B= 5.556E-01 C= -9.90E+05 

5/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 281 

SODA RITER Formula wt 84.995 

RaK03 a a-crystals 298.15 to 549.2 K. '-crystals 549.2 to 583.2 K. Liquid 583.2 to 700 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Bf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfRo AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 93.07 116.52 0.00 116.52 -468.0 -367.1 64.32 

300 93.48 117.10 0.58 116.52 -468.0 -366.5 63.81 

400 115.76 147.04 26.59 120.45 -469.1 -332.6 43.43 

500 138.07 175.27 46.56 128.62 -465.5 -298.9 31.22 

600 154.81 234.63 94.82 139.81 -441.2 -266.7 23.22 

700 154.81 258.48 103.39 155.09 -435.1 -238.1 17.77 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AvaJIO kJ 

A._BO kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.76 J•bar·1 

8~ 98-B& kJ 37.6 cm3 

A• -4.447B+02 B• 2.995E-Ol c~ -1.05E+06 

5/22/92 
282 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

STRONTIUM NITRATE 

Sr(N03 ) 2 : Crystals 298.15 to 900 K. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 149.93 194.56 o.oo 213.80 

300 149.88 195.49 0.92 213.80 

400 169.18 240.55 39.98 220.06 

500 197.81 281.44 68.73 232.59 

600 220.32 319.61 92.23 247.42 

700 234.85 354.76 111.66 263.04 

800 242.20 386.68 127.58 278.81 

900 243.53 415.33 140.44 274.89 

Melting T 

kJ 

kJ 

A• -9.566B+02 B• 6.317E-01 

Formula wt 211.630 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 -

-978.2 -779.0 136.47 

-978.2 -777.8 135.42 

-977.0 -711.1 92.86 

-973.6 -644.9 67.37 

-968.0 -579.7 50.47 

-961.1 -515.5 38.47 

-953.4 -452.4 29.54 

-946.4 -390.1 22.64 

Boiling T 

AwJIO kJ 

Molar Vol. 7.093 J•bar·• 

70.93 cm3 

C• -9.810+05 

5/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 283 

ALUMINUM SULFATE Formula wt 342.154 

Al2(S04) 3 : orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1100 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 259.26 239.30 o.oo 239.30 -3441.8 -3100.6 543.20 

300 260.62 240.91 1.60 239.30 -3441.9 -3098.5 539.48 

400 317.35 324.34 74.05 250.30 -3449.3 -2983.5 389.60 

500 352.93 399.26 126.52 272.74 -3451.1 -2866.9 299.49 

600 376.60 465.84 166.35 299.49 -3449.7 -2750.1 239.41 

700 392.79 525.19 197.62 327.57 -3446.5 -2633.7 196.53 

800 403.92 578.41 222.75 355.66 -3442.2 -2517.9 164.40 

900 411.44 626.45 243.33 383.12 -3596.9 -2399.4 139.25 

1000 416.28 670.07 260.40 409.67 -3609.7 -2265.3 118.32 

1100 419.06 709.89 274.71 435.18 -3600.9 -2131.3 101.20 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A..,Ho kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 7.341 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB 40.22 kJ 73.41 cm3 

A• -3.501E+03 B= 1.233E+OO C= 3.117E+06 

6/10/93 
284 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BARITE Formula wt 233.391 

BaS04: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1300 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (H1--H~ 98 )/T -(G1--H2 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-l·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 101.75 132.21 o.oo 132.21 -1473.6 -1362.5 238.70 

300 102.23 132.84 0.63 132.21 -1473.6 -1361.8 237.11 

400 119.28 164.94 28.47 136.47 -1476.0 -1324.4 172.95 

500 127.17 192.50 47.51 144.99 -1477.5 -1286.4 134.39 

600 131.46 216.10 61.17 154.93 -1479.0 -1248.0 108.65 

700 134.04 236.57 71.41 165.16 -1479.4 -1209.5 90.25 

800 135.72 254.59 79.35 175.24 -1480.1 -1170.9 76.45 

900 136.87 270.65 85.68 184.96 -1533.5 -1131.1 65.65 

1000 137.69 285.11 90.85 194.27 -1532.4 -1086.5 56.75 

1100 138.30 298.27 95.13 203.13 -1539.8 -1041.1 49.44 

1200 138.76 310.32 98.75 211.57 -1539.1 -995.8 43.35 

1300 139.12 321.44 101.84 219.60 -1538.3 -950.6 38.19 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,.Jio kJ 

Atu.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.21 J•bar·• 

H~98-Ha kJ 52.10 cm3 

A= -7.496E+Ol 8• -9.007E-02 C= 4.067E-01 

5/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 285 

ANHYDRITE Formula wt 136.142 

caso4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H29a)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 -

298.15 101.23 107.40 o.oo 107.40 -1434.4 -1321.8 231.57 

300 101.57 108.03 0.63 107.40 -1434.5 -1321.1 230.02 

400 116.68 139.45 27.87 111.58 -1436.6 -1283.2 167.56 

500 127.18 166.68 46.74 119.94 -1437.2 -1244.7 130.03 

600 135.03 190.59 60.83 129.77 -1437.0 -1206.3 105.01 

700 141.54 211.91 71.90 140.01 -1436.1 -1167.9 87.15 

800 147.55 231.20 80.98 150.22 -1435.8 -1129.5 73.75 

900 153.59 248.93 88.71 160.21 -1487.3 -1090.2 63.27 

1000 160.04 265.44 95.52 169.92 -1484.2 -1046.3 54.65 

Melting T 1723 K Boiling T K 

Aw,Bo kJ 

Aru.H0 28.03 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 601 J•bar"1 

H~98-H6 17.30 kJ 46.01 cm3 

A• -1.4465E+02 B• 3.971E-01 C= 5.860E+05 

9/16/92 
286 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CHALCOCYANITE Formula wt 159.610 

cuso4 : Crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Bf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8298)/T 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 139.89 109.50 o.oo 109.50 

300 140.42 110.37 0.86 109.50 

400 160.73 153.87 38.57 115.30 

500 172.71 191.11 64.28 126.83 

600 181.41 223.40 83.11 140.29 

700 188.56 251.91 97.67 154.24 

800 194.88 277.51 109.44 168.08 

900 200.72 300.81 119.26 181.55 

1000 206.27 322.24 127.68 194.56 

1100 211.62 342.15 135.07 207.08 

1200 216.84 360.79 141.67 219.12 

Meltinq T 

lcJ 

16.87 lcJ 

A• -7.631E+02 8• 3.445E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-771.4 -662.3 

-771.3 -661.6 

-769.2 -625.5 

-765.1 -590.1 

-759.9 -555.6 

-753.9 -522.0 

-747.3 -489.3 

-793.4 -456.4 

-784.6 -419.4 

-775.6 -383.3 

-766.1 -348.1 

Boilinq T 

AwJIO 

Molar Vol. 

C• -1.35E+05 

Loq Kf 

116.03 

115.19 

81.69 

61.65 

48.37 

38.95 

31.95 

26.49 

21.91 

18.20 

15.15 

K 

kJ 

4. 088 J• bar·• 

40.88 cm3 

11/25/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 287 

FERRIC SULFATE Formula wt 399.885 

Fe2(S04)3: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 275.03 282.80 o.oo 282.80 -2581.9 -2254.4 394.96 

300 276.04 284.50 1.70 282.81 -2581.9 -2252.4 392.16 

400 319.44 370.29 76.08 294.21 -2588.8 -2142.1 279.73 

500 351.71 445.15 128.08 317.07 -2591.1 -2030.2 212.09 

600 379.61 511.78 167.72 344.07 -2590.4 -1918.0 166.98 

700 405.44 572.26 199.85 372.41 -2587.4 -1806.2 134.78 

800 430.16 628.02 227.10 400.92 -2582.5 -1694.9 110.66 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 13.08 J•bar·1 

H~98-H6 kJ 130.80 cm3 

A• -2.592E+03 B= 1.121E+OO C= 2.722E+05 

6/10/93 
288 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ARCANITE Formula wt 174.260 

K2so4 : Orthorhombic crystals (a) 298.15 to 856 K. Hexagonal crystals (~) 856 to melting 

point 1342 K. Liquid 1342 to 1700 K. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 130.01 175.56 0.00 175.56 

300 130.44 176.37 0.80 175.56 

400 149.06 216.62 35.70 180.93 

500 163.03 251.43 59.81 191.62 

600 175.17 282.25 78.04 204.21 

700 186.44 310.11 92.73 217.38 

800 197.25 335.71 105.12 230.59 

900 203.55 368.88 125.49 243.39 

1000 189.91 389.40 132.41 256.99 

1100 197.63 407.72 137.86 269.86 

1200 219.88 425.78 143.69 282.09 

1300 252.38 444.61 150.77 293.84 

1400 197.61 485.93 180.08 305.85 

1500 197.61 499.57 181.25 318.32 

1600 197.61 512.32 182.28 330.04 

1700 197.61 524.30 183.18 341.12 

Melting T 

kJ 

25.43 kJ 

A• -1.541E+03 B• 5.285E-02 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-1437.7 -1319.6 

-1437.7 -1318.9 

-1445.2 -1278.2 

-1445.8 -1236.3 

-1444.9 -1194.5 

-1442.6 -1152.9 

-1439.3 -1111.7 

-1479.5 -1069.8 

-1474.8 -1024.5 

-1628.5 -970.4 

-1620.8 -910.9 

-1610.5 -852.1 

-1567.7 -795.0 

-1561.4 -740.1 

-1555.0 -685.5 

-1548.8 -631.3 

Boiling T 

AwJIO 

Molar Vol. 

C= 6.26776E+06 

Log Kf 

231.18 

229.63 

166.91 

129.15 

103.99 

86.03 

72.59 

62.09 

53.51 

46.08 

39.65 

34.24 

29.66 

25.77 

22.38 

19.40 

kJ 

6 • 5 50 J • bar·• 

65.50 cm3 

5/27/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 289 

K-Al SULFATE Formula wt 258.207 

KAl(S04)2: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H298)/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 192.98 204.60 o.oo 204.60 -2470.9 -2240.4 392.50 

300 193.95 205.80 1.19 204.60 -2470.9 -2239.0 389.83 

400 230.89 267.25 54.52 212.73 -2478.5 -2160.8 282.17 

500 252.19 321.23 92.07 229.16 -2480.1 -2081.2 217.42 

600 267.33 368.61 120.08 248.53 -2479.7 -2001.4 174.24 

700 279.58 410.76 142.01 268.75 -2477.9 -1921.9 143.41 

800 290.27 448.80 159.89 288.92 -2475.2 -1842.6 120.31 

900 300.06 483.57 174.92 308.64 -2577.9 -1761.6 102.24 

1000 309.29 515.66 187.90 327.76 -2581.9 -1670.5 87.25 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,.Ho kJ 

A1118° kJ 

Molar Vol. 9. 233 J• bar·1 

8~ 98-B& 32.22 kJ 92.33 cm3 

A• -2.499E+03 B• 8.218E-01 C= 1.235E+06 

5/27/92 
290 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ALUNITE Formula wt 414.214 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 372.53 321.00 0.00 321.00 -5176.5 -4663.5 817.00 

300 374.90 323.31 2.30 321.01 -5176.6 -4660.3 811.41 

400 462.28 444.70 107.73 336.96 -5185.9 -4487.0 585.92 

500 508.84 553.29 183.69 369.60 -5186.2 -4312.1 450.48 

600 539.32 648.92 240.57 408.35 -5183.0 -4137.6 360.20 

700 562.22 733.84 284.94 448.90 -5177.7 -3963.8 295.77 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

Aw,Bo kJ 

Aa.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 29.360 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-Hl) kJ 293.60 cm3 

A• -5.116E+03 8• 1.594E+OO C• -2.065E+06 

11/25/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 291 

LANGBEINITE Formula wt 414.997 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

J( J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 318.92 389.30 o.oo 389.30 -4071.0 -3733.4 654.05 

300 319.93 391.28 1.97 389.31 -4071.1 -3731.3 649.66 

400 363.71 489.76 87.32 402.44 -4084.4 -3616.5 472.25 

500 393.92 574.34 145.78 428.56 -4088.1 -3499.1 365.54 

600 416.52 648.25 189.10 459.15 -4088.9 -3381.1 294.35 

700 434.14 713.84 222.90 490.93 -4087.6 -3263.3 243.50 

800 448.13 772.75 250.21 522.54 -4085.1 -3145.7 205.39 

900 459.30 826.21 272.85 553.36 -4241.1 -3025.2 175.57 

1000 468.13 875.08 291.95 583.12 -4250.8 -2889.0 150.90 

1100 474.96 920.03 308.29 611.73 -4401.2 -2744.0 130.30 

1200 480.00 961.58 322.40 639.18 -4391.4 -2593.8 112.90 

Melting T 1203 J( Boiling T J( 

A_,HO kJ 

A&Jio kJ 

Molar Vol. 14.695 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 57.066 kJ 146.95 cm3 

A• -4.191E+03 B• 1.309E+OO C• 6.392E+06 

11/25/92 
292 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MAGNESIUM SULFATE Formula wt 120.369 

Mgso4 : Crystals 298.15 to 1400 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

It J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 95.71 91.40 o.oo 91.40 -1284.9 -1170.5 205.07 

300 96.10 91.99 0.59 91.40 -1284.9 -1169.8 203.68 

400 111.16 121.91 26.54 95.38 -1287.6 -1131.3 147.72 

500 120.67 147.80 44.46 103.34 -1288.7 -1092.1 114.08 

600 127.99 170.47 57.80 112.67 -1288.9 -1052.7 91.64 

700 134.27 190.68 68.28 122.40 -1288.5 -1013.4 75.62 

800 140.01 208.99 76.89 132.10 -1287.7 -974.1 63.60 

900 145.42 225.80 84.21 141.59 -1339.6 -933.9 54.20 

1000 150.64 241.39 90.59 150.80 -1345.4 -888.3 46.40 

1100 155.73 255.99 96.28 159.70 -1342.4 -842.7 40.02 

1200 160.73 269.75 101.45 168.30 -1339.0 -797.4 34.71 

1300 165.66 282.81 106.20 176.61 -1335.2 -752.4 30.23 

1400 170.55 295.27 110.62 184.65 -1458.4 -704.6 26.29 

Melting T 1400 It Boiling T It 

AwJio kJ 

A._ao kJ 

Molar Vol. J•bar·• 

8~ 98-aa 1539 kJ cm3 

A• -1.325E+03 B• 4.385E-01 C= 2.288E+06 

11/25/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 293 

MANGANESE SULFATE Formula wt 151.002 

Mnso4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H398)/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO Afao Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 100.52 127.00 o.oo 127.00 -1065.7 -962.1 168.56 

300 100.99 127.62 0.62 127.00 -1065.7 -961.5 167.40 

400 118.68 159.38 28.17 131.21 -1067.9 -926.6 120.99 

500 129.02 187.05 47.38 139.68 -1068.4 -891.3 93.10 

600 136.47 211.26 61.63 149.63 -1068.2 -855.8 74.49 

700 142.54 232.77 72.77 160.00 -1067.3 -820.5 61.21 

800 147.89 252.16 81.83 170.33 -1066.1 -785.3 51.26 

900 152.81 269.86 89.45 180.42 -1117.7 -749.2 43.47 

1000 157.47 286.21 96.02 190.19 -1116.9 -708.4 36.99 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,JJO kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 362 J•bar·• 

H298-H8 kJ 43.62 cm3 

A• -1.077E+03 B• 3.657E-01 C• 5.563E+05 

6/10/93 
294 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MASCAGNITE Formula wt 132.141 

(NH4) 2so4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 600 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

J( J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 187.48 220.50 o.oo 220.50 -1182.7 -903.5 158.29 

300 188.00 221.66 1.16 220.50 -1182.7 -901.8 157.01 

400 215.88 279.56 51.35 228.21 -1187.6 -807.6 105.46 

500 243.76 330.73 87.05 243.68 -1189.3 -712.4 74.42 

600 271.64 377.64 115.49 262.15 -1188.2 -617.0 53.72 

Melting T J( Boiling T J( 

A.,.J:Io kJ 

A .. ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 7.468 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-aa kJ 74.68 cm3 

A= -1.193E+03 B= 9.583E-01 C= 3.227E+05 

3/24/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 295 

THENARDITE 

Orthorhombic crystals (V) 298.15 to 450 K. 

K. Hexagonal crystals (I) 514 to 1155 K. 

Formula wt 142.043 

Orthorhombic crystals (III) 450 to 514 

Liquid 1155 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 127.28 149.60 0.00 149.60 -1387.8 -1269.8 222.46 

300 127.63 150.35 0.79 149.56 -1387.8 -1269.1 220.96 

400 146.82 191.96 36.81 155.15 -1395.1 -1229.0 160.49 

500 173.30 234.89 68.03 166.86 -1392.0 -1187.8 124.09 

600 170.78 279.30 96.29 183.01 -1384.2 -1148.4 99.97 

700 178.92 306.23 107.51 198.72 -1382.5 -1109.2 82.77 

800 187.06 330.66 116.95 213.71 -1379.9 -1070.3 69.88 

900 195.20 353.16 125.19 227.97 -1429.6 -1030.7 59.82 

1000 203.34 374.15 132.60 241.55 -1424.3 -986.7 51.54 

1100 211.48 393.91 139.40 254.51 -1418.2 -943.2 44.79 

1200 196.37 431.72 165.14 266.58 -1581.8 -895.0 38.96 

1300 195.98 447.42 167.53 279.89 -1575.4 -838.0 33.67 

1400 195.58 461.93 169.54 292.39 -1569.2 -781.5 29.16 

1500 195.19 475.41 171.27 304.14 -1563.0 -725.5 25.26 

1600 194.80 487.99 172.75 315.24 -1557.0 -669.9 21.87 

1700 194.40 499.79 174.04 325.75 -1551.0 -614.6 18.88 

1800 194.01 510.89 175.16 335.73 -1545.2 -559.6 16.24 

Melting T 1155 K Boiling T K 

A,.,Ho kJ 

A,_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 5. 333 J•bar·• 

H298-H& 23.22 kJ 53.33 cm3 

A= -1.482E+03 B= 5.020E-01 C= 6.251E+06 

2/5/92 
296 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

NICKELOUS SULFATE 

Niso4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 97.69 101.30 o.oo 101.30 

300 98.19 101.91 0.60 101.30 

400 116.56 132.98 27.57 105.41 

500 126.71 160.17 46.46 113.71 

600 133.62 183.92 60.44 123.48 

700 139.01 204.93 71.29 133.64 

800 143.57 223.80 80.05 143.75 

900 147.67 240.95 87.34 153.61 

1000 151.47 256.71 93.56 163.14 

1100 155.08 271.31 98.99 172.32 

1200 158.56 284.96 103.81 181.15 

Melting T 

kJ 

15.94 kJ 

A• -8.988E+02 B= 4.077E-01 

Formula wt 154.754 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 -

-873.2 -762.7 

-873.3 -762.0 

-875.7 -724.7 

-876.5 -686.9 

-876.6 -648.9 

-876.2 -611.0 

-875.0 -573.7 

-926.6 -534.5 

-923.7 -491.1 

-920.5 -448.0 

-917.1 -405.2 

Boiling T 

4_,HO 

Molar Vol. 

C= 1.381E+06 

133.61 

132.67 

94.64 

71.76 

56.49 

45.59 

37.46 

31.02 

25.65 

21.27 

17.64 

K 

kJ 

3.857 J•bar·1 

38.57 cm3 

2/5/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 297 

ANGLESITB Formula wt 303.264 

Pbso4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1100 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T Afao AfGO Log ltf 

It J•mol-1 ·tt-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 104.33 148.50 0.00 148.50 -920.0 -813.1 142.44 

300 104.33 149.15 0.64 148.50 -920.0 -812.4 141.45 

400 108.73 179.59 26.96 152.62 -922.7 -776.4 101.38 

500 117.63 204.76 44.16 160.59 -924.2 -739.6 77.27 

600 128.30 227.13 57.28 169.85 -924.8 -702.6 61.17 

700 139.81 247.76 68.24 179.52 -929.1 -664.8 49.61 

800 151.76 267.21 77.93 189.28 -927.4 -627.2 40.95 

900 163.98 285.79 86.81 198.98 -977.7 -588.7 34.17 

1000 176.35 303.70 95.15 208.56 -972.4 -545.8 28.51 

1100 188.83 321.10 103.09 218.00 -966.0 -503.4 23.90 

Melting T It Boiling T It 

A_,ao kJ 

A._ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 795 J•bar·1 

H~98-HB 20.05 kJ 47.95 cm3 

A= -9.455E+02 B= 3.981E-01 C= 1.275E+06 

11/25/92 
298 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ZINKOSITE Formula wt 161.454 

Znso4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1100 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~g )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log J(f 

J( J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 -

298.15 104.12 110.50 o.oo 110.50 -980.1 -868.7 152.20 

300 104.02 111.14 0.64 110.50 -980.1 -868.1 151.14 

400 104.84 140.94 26.38 114.56 -982.9 -830.5 108.46 

500 111.90 165.03 42.72 122.31 -984.8 -792.2 82.76 

600 121.41 186.25 55.02 131.23 -985.8 -753.6 65.61 

700 132.08 205.75 65.26 140.50 -993.3 -714.8 53.34 

800 143.36 224.12 74.31 149.81 -992.5 -675.1 44.08 

900 155.01 241.67 82.63 159.05 -1043.8 -634.4 36.82 

1000 166.88 258.62 90.46 168.16 -1039.6 -589.1 30.77 

1100 178.89 275.09 97.95 177.14 -1034.4 -544.3 25.85 

Melting T J( Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

AuH0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.157 J•bar·• 

H~9s-HB 17.24 kJ 41.57 cml 

A• -1.010E+03 B= 4.187E-01 C= 1.501E+06 

11/25/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 299 

BERLINITE Formula wt 121.953 

AlP04: Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to a-P transition at 855 K. P-crystals 855 to 1000 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 93.96 90.80 0.00 90.80 -1733.8 -1617.9 283.44 

300 94.15 91.38 0.58 90.80 -1733.8 -1617.1 281.56 

400 109.86 120.53 25.86 94.67 -1735.3 -1577.9 206.05 

500 122.79 146.53 44.04 102.49 -1735.0 -1538.6 160.73 

600 131.82 169.75 57.95 111.80 -1734.0 -1499.4 130.53 

700 140.83 190.72 69.12 121.60 -1732.4 -1460.4 108.97 

800 153.40 210.29 78.82 131.47 -1730.0 -1421.7 92.82 

900 140.70 229.96 88.62 141.34 -1725.9 -1383.4 80.29 

1000 142.50 244.88 93.92 150.96 -1735.2 -1344.7 70.24 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,JJO kJ 

A1111H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 658 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 14.76 kJ 46.58 cm3 

A• -1.731E+03 B• 3.866E-01 C• -2.087E+05 

11/25/92 
300 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

WHITLOCKITE Formula wt 310.177 

Ca3(P04 ) 2 : Rhombohedral crystals 298.15 to 1373 K. Monoclinic crystals 1373 to 1600 K. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hi--H298 )/T 

K J•mol-1·x-1 

298.15 231.63 236.00 o.oo 

300 232.12 237.43 1.43 

400 255.24 307.49 62.09 

500 275.30 366.64 102.76 

600 294.16 418.51 133.10 

700 312.44 465.23 157.42 

800 330.43 508.13 177.92 

900 348.23 548.08 195.86 

1000 365.93 585.69 211.98 

1100 383.55 621.39 226.78 

1200 401.12 655.52 240.57 

1300 418.67 688.32 253.60 

1400 330.54 729.26 275.09 

1500 330.54 752.05 278.79 

1600 330.54 773.38 282.02 

Melting T 

kJ 

kJ 

A• -4.148E+03 

-(Gi--H298 )/T 

236.00 

236.00 

245.40 

263.88 

285.41 

307.82 

330.21 

352.22 

373.70 

394.61 

414.94 

434.72 

454.17 

473.26 

491.36 

B= 8.253E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Afao AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-4120.8 -3883.6 680.38 

-4120.8 -3882.2 675.93 

-4122.7 -3802.1 496.50 

-4121.9 -3722.1 388.83 

-4120.2 -3642.3 317.08 

-4117.6 -3562.8 265.85 

-4116.6 -3483.5 227.44 

-4112.2 -3404.6 197.59 

-4107.0 -3326.2 173.74 

-4101.2 -3248.4 154.25 

-4245.0 -3167.2 137.86 

-4232.6 -3077.8 123.67 

-4205.8 -2989.8 111.55 

-4201.6 -2903.0 101.09 

-4197.5 -2816.6 91.95 

Boiling T K 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 9. 762 J•bar·• 

97.62 cm3 

C= 1.823E+06 

11/25/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 301 

FLUORAPATITE Formula wt 504.302 

ca5 (P04 ) 3F: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1600 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 375.94 387.90 o.oo 387.90 -6872.0 -6489.7 1136.95 

300 377.11 390.23 2.32 387.91 -6872.0 -6487.4 1129.52 

400 426.47 506.06 102.70 403.37 -6874.0 -6358.5 830.32 

500 458.22 604.87 170.83 434.03 -6871.4 -6229.9 650.82 

600 480.47 690.49 220.68 469.80 -6867.7 -6102.0 531.21 

700 496.89 765.84 259.02 506.82 -6863.7 -5974.7 445.83 

800 509.43 833.05 289.57 543.47 -6864.1 -5847.4 381.79 

900 519.24 893.64 314.57 579.07 -6860.4 -5720.6 332.00 

1000 527.04 948.77 335.44 613.33 -6857.7 -5594.1 292.20 

1100 533.30 999.30 353.15 646.15 -6856.1 -5467.8 259.64 

1200 538.35 1045.93 368.38 677.55 -7085.0 -5335.3 232.23 

1300 542.44 1089.19 381.62 707.57 -7077.5 -5189.8 208.52 

1400 545.74 1129.51 393.23 736.28 -7069.7 -5044.8 188.22 

1500 548.40 1167.26 403.49 763.77 -7061.9 -4900.4 170.64 

1600 550.50 1202.72 412.62 790.11 -7054.1 -4756.6 155.28 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

AftiiHO k.J 

Molar Vol. 15.756 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-Hf, 63.47 k.J 157.56 cm3 

A= -6.931E+03 B= 1.344E+OO C= 4.048E+06 

11/25/92 
302 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

HYDROXYAPATITE Formula wt 502.311 

ca5 (P04 ) 3 (0H): Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T Afao Afao Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 -

298.15 385.17 390.40 o.oo 390.40 -6738.5 -6337.1 1110.22 

300 386.83 392.79 2.38 390.41 -6738.5 -6334.7 1102.94 

400 446.42 513.36 106.92 406.44 -6740.1 -6199.4 809.55 

500 477.29 616.59 178.17 438.42 -6736.9 -6064.6 633.55 

600 497.62 705.50 229.81 475.70 -6732.7 -5930.6 516.29 

700 513.35 783.43 269.23 514.21 -6728.4 -5797.2 432.58 

800 526.86 852.88 300.60 552.28 -6728.4 -5663.9 369.81 

900 539.23 915.66 326.44 589.22 -6724.2 -5531.1 321.01 

1000 550.97 973.08 348.31 624.77 -6720.7 -5398.8 282.00 

1100 562.37 1026.13 367.25 658.88 -6717.9 -5266.7 250.09 

1200 573.58 1075.54 383.98 691.57 -6945.1 -5128.6 223.24 

1300 584.69 1121.90 398.99 722.90 -6935.1 -4977.6 200.00 

1400 595.76 1165.63 412.65 752.98 -6924.2 -4827.4 180.11 

1500 606.82 1207.11 425.23 781.88 -6912.5 -4678.0 162.90 

Melting T IC Boiling T IC 

A_,ao kJ 

A .. H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 15.960 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 64.24 kJ 159.60 cm3 

A= -6.777E+03 B= 1.386E+OO C• 2.726E+06 

11/25/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT lllGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 303 

TOPAZ Formula wt 184.043 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-&~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8298)/T AfRo AfGO Log J(f 

J( J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 143.63 105.40 o.oo 105.40 -3084.5 -2910.6 509.92 

300 144.28 106.29 0.89 105.40 -3084.5 -2909.6 506.59 

400 172.38 151.96 40.52 111.44 -3084.9 -2851.1 372.31 

500 190.31 192.49 68.81 123.68 -3083.7 -2792.8 291.76 

600 201.97 228.30 90.10 138.19 -3081.7 -2734.8 238.08 

700 209.49 260.04 106.66 153.38 -3079.3 -2677.2 199.77 

800 214.10 288.34 119.83 168.51 -3076.9 -2619.9 171.06 

900 216.62 313.72 130.46 183.26 -3074.6 -2562.9 148.75 

1000 217.54 336.61 139.13 197.47 -3093.9 -2504.7 130.83 

Melting T J( Boiling T J( 

kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.153 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-aa 19.77 kJ 51.53 cm3 

A• -3.079E+03 B= 5.740E-01 C= -2.85E+05 

7/23/92 
304 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

KYANITE Formula wt 162.046 

Al2sio5 : Triclinic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 121.58 82.80 o.oo 82.80 -2593.8 -2443.1 428.01 

300 122.26 83.55 0.75 82.80 -2593.8 -2442.2 425.21 

400 149.25 122.81 34.84 87.97 -2594.7 -2391.4 312.28 

500 165.25 157.97 59.44 98.53 -2594.1 -2340.6 244.52 

600 175.97 189.10 78.02 111.08 -2592.7 -2290.1 199.36 

700 183.70 216.84 92.59 124.24 -2591.0 -2239.8 167.13 

800 189.56 241.77 104.36 137.40 -2589.2 -2189.7 142.97 

900 194.15 264.37 114.09 150.27 -2587.3 -2139.9 124.19 

1000 197.84 285.02 122.29 162.73 -2606.8 -2088.8 109.11 

1100 200.85 304.02 129.30 174.72 -2604.6 -2037.1 96.73 

1200 203.35 321.61 135.37 186.24 -2602.3 -1985.6 86.43 

1300 205.44 337.97 140.68 197.29 -2599.9 -1934.2 77.72 

1400 207.20 353.26 145.37 207.89 -2597.5 -1883.2 70.26 

1500 208.70 367.61 149.54 218.06 -2595.0 -1832.2 63.80 

1600 209.97 381.12 153.28 227.84 -2592.5 -1781.5 58.16 

1700 211.06 393.88 156.65 237.23 -2640.1 -1730.4 53.17 

1800 211.99 405.97 159.70 246.27 -2637.3 -1677.0 48.66 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,HO kJ 

A611H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.415 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 15.86 kJ 44.15 cm3 

A• -2.599E+03 8= 5.109E-01 C= 3.358E+05 

7/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 305 

ANDALUSITE Formula wt 162.046 

Al2Sio5 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H298)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 -

298.15 122.60 91.39 o.oo 91.39 -2589.9 -2441.8 427.77 

300 123.26 92.15 0.76 91.39 -2589.9 -2440.8 424.98 

400 149.43 131.57 34.98 96.59 -2590.7 -2391.0 312.22 

500 165.03 166.71 59.54 107.17 -2590.1 -2341.1 244.56 

600 175.54 197.79 78.05 119.74 -2588.8 -2291.4 199.48 

700 183.16 225.45 92.55 132.90 -2587.2 -2241.9 167.29 

800 188.94 250.30 104.25 146.05 -2585.4 -2192.7 143.17 

900 193.49 272.83 113.92 158.90 -2583.6 -2143.8 124.42 

1000 197.16 293.41 122.07 171.34 -2603.1 -2093.5 109.35 

1100 200.16 312.35 129.04 183.31 -2601.0 -2042.6 96.99 

1200 202.67 329.88 135.07 194.80 -2598.8 -1992.0 86.71 

1300 204.77 346.18 140.36 205.83 -2596.4 -1941.4 78.01 

1400 206.56 361.43 145.02 216.40 -2594.1 -1891.2 70.56 

1500 208.08 375.73 149.18 226.55 -2591.6 -1841.1 64.11 

1600 209.38 389.20 152.90 236.30 -2589.2 -1791.1 58.47 

1700 210.50 401.93 156.26 245.67 -2636.8 -1740.8 53.49 

1800 211.46 413.99 159.30 254.69 -2634.1 -1688.2 48.99 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,HO kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.152 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 16.90 kJ 51.52 cm3 

A• -2.595E+03 B• 5.027E-01 C= 3.590E+05 

7/29/92 
306 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

SILLIMANITE Pormula wt 162.046 

Al2sio5 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 123.72 95.40 o.oo 95.40 -2586.1 -2439.1 427.32 

300 124.33 96.17 0.76 95.40 -2586.1 -2438.2 424.52 

400 148.88 135.63 35.01 100.62 -2586.9 -2388.8 311.93 

500 163.95 170.58 59.40 111.91 -2586.4 -2339.3 244.38 

600 174.29 201.44 77.73 123.71 -2585.2 -2289.9 199.35 

700 181.88 228.91 92.09 136.81 -2583.7 -2240.9 167.21 

800 187.70 253.59 103.70 149.89 -2582.0 -2192.0 143.12 

900 192.31 275.97 113.29 162.68 -2580.4 -2143.4 124.39 

1000 196.05 296.44 121.39 175.05 -2598.0 -2093.4 109.35 

1100 199.13 315.27 128.32 186.95 -2598.0 -2042.8 97.00 

1200 201.70 332.71 134.33 198.38 -2595.9 -1992.5 86.73 

1300 203.87 348.94 139.60 209.34 -2593.6 -1942.2 78.04 

1400 205.71 364.12 144.26 219.86 -2591.4 -1892.3 70.60 

1500 207.29 378.37 148.41 229.96 -2589.0 -1842.3 64.16 

1600 208.64 391.79 152.13 239.66 -2586.6 -1792.7 58.52 

1700 209.80 404.47 155.49 248.98 -2634.3 -1742.6 53.54 

1800 210.80 416.50 158.54 257.96 -2631.7 -1690.3 49.05 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

vo kJ 

Atu.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 986 J•bar·1 

a~98-HB 17.44 kJ 49.86 cm3 

A• -2.592E+03 B• 4.998E-01 C• 4.086E+05 

7/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 307 

MULLITE Formula wt 426.052 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - lcJ•mol-1 --

298.15 326.13 275.00 o.oo 275.00 -6819.2 -6441.8 1128.55 

300 327.73 277.02 2.02 275.01 -6819.3 -6439.4 1121.18 

400 392.44 381.04 92.29 288.75 -6821.5 -6312.3 824.29 

500 431.98 473.17 156.55 316.62 -6820.4 -6185.1 646.14 

600 458.88 554.45 204.83 349.62 -6817.5 -6058.3 527.41 

700 478.40 626.72 242.59 384.14 -6813.7 -5932.1 442.65 

800 493.16 691.61 273.03 418.59 -6809.8 -5806.4 379.11 

900 504.65 750.39 298.15 452.24 -6806.0 -5681.2 329.72 

1000 513.76 804.05 319.27 484.78 -6866.2 -5552.0 290.00 

1100 521.10 853.37 337.30 516.07 -6861.6 -5420.8 257.40 

1200 527.05 898.98 352.87 546.11 -6856.7 -5290.0 230.26 

1300 531.91 941.36 366.46 574.90 -6851.4 -5159.5 207.31 

1400 535.88 980.93 378.43 602.51 -6846.3 -5029.8 187.66 

1500 539.13 1018.02 389.04 628.98 -6840.9 -4900.2 170.64 

1600 541.76 1052.90 398.50 654.40 -6835.6 -4771.0 155.75 

1700 543.88 1085.81 406.99 678.82 -6930.5 -4641.0 142.60 

1800 545.56 1116.95 414.65 702.30 -6924.8 -4506.7 130.78 

Melting T 2123 K Boiling T K 

A,},o lcJ 

Aftllao lcJ 

Molar Vol. 13.46 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H() 46.07 lcJ 134.6 cm3 

A• -6.844E+03 B• 1.295E+OO C• 1.613E+06 

5/4/92 
308 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

DOMORTIERITE Formula wt 565.938 

[Al6. 751[ 1. 25si3so17 • 25 (0H). 75 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 440.00 334.90 0.00 334.90 -9109.0 -8568.2 1501.08 

300 442.08 337.63 2.72 334.91 -9109.1 -8564.9 1491.24 

400 532.57 478.13 124.68 353.45 -9112.5 -8382.8 1094.65 

500 592.80 603.87 212.67 391.20 -9111.0 -8200.4 856.67 

600 634.72 715.87 279.71 436.16 -9106.7 -8018.7 698.07 

700 664.89 816.10 332.70 483.41 -9100.7 -7837.8 584.85 

800 687.16 906.41 375.68 530.73 -9094.2 -7657.9 499.99 

900 703.94 988.36 411.26 577.10 -9087.6 -7478.7 434.04 

1000 716.81 1063.23 441.20 622.02 -9153.0 -7295.3 381.06 

1100 726.88 1132.04 466.73 665.30 -9145.4 -7109.9 337.61 

1200 734.93 1195.64 488.76 706.88 -9137.5 -6925.2 301.44 

1300 741.52 1254.74 507.96 746.78 -9129.2 -6741.0 270.85 

1400 747.09 1309.90 524.85 785.05 -9121.2 -6557.9 244.67 

1500 751.98 1361.61 539.83 821.78 -9112.9 -6375.0 221.99 

1600 756.43 1410.29 553.23 857.06 -9104.6 -6192.7 202.17 

1700 760.66 1456.27 565.31 890.97 -9246.7 -6009.4 184.64 

1800 764.83 1499.87 576.27 923.59 -9237.7 -5819.4 168.87 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A...Jio kJ 

A•H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 16.84 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB 59.84 kJ 168.4 cm3 

A= -9.125E+03 B= 1.833E+OO C= 1.061E+06 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 309 

EUCLASE Formula wt 145.084 

BeA1Si04 (0H): Crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION PROM THJ ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 126.83 89.10 o.oo 89.10 -2532.9 -2370.2 415.24 

300 127.50 89.89 0.78 89.10 -2532.9 -2369.2 412.50 

400 156.65 130.86 36.37 94.49 -2533.9 -2314.4 302.22 

500 175.85 168.02 62.47 105.55 -2533.3 -2259.5 236.05 

600 188.84 201.30 82.52 118.78 -2531.8 -2204.9 191.95 

700 197.87 231.13 98.39 132.74 -2529.7 -2150.6 160.48 

800 204.36 258.00 111.25 146.75 -2527.4 -2096.6 136.89 

900 209.17 282.36 121.88 160.48 -2525.0 -2042.9 118.56 

1000 212.92 304.60 130.80 173.80 -2533.3 -1988.7 103.88 

1100 216.03 325.04 138.41 186.63 -2530.7 -1934.4 91.85 

1200 218.78 343.96 145.00 198.96 -2528.2 -1880.3 81.84 

1300 221.41 361.57 150.77 210.80 -2525.6 -1826.4 73.38 

1400 224.07 378.08 155.91 222.17 -2523.0 -1772.7 66.14 

1500 226.91 393.63 160.55 233.08 -2520.4 -1719.2 59.87 

1600 230.01 408.38 164.79 243.58 -2532.2 -1665.5 54.37 

1700 233.47 422.42 168.73 253.69 -2579.2 -1610.9 49.50 

1800 237.34 435.87 172.43 263.44 -2575.6 -1554.1 45.10 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,J,o kJ 

AJUaao kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.686 J•bar·• 

a~98-BB 16.83 kJ 46.86 cm3 

A= -2.529E+03 B= 5.403E-01 C= -2.31E+05 

7/23/92 
310 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

PHENAKITE Formula wt 110.107 

Be2Si04: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. Decomposes to BeO and Sio2 above 1833 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 95.60 63.37 o.oo 63.37 -2143.1 -2028.4 355.36 

300 96.16 63.96 0.59 63.37 -2143.1 -2027.7 353.04 

400 121.33 95.31 27.84 67.47 -2143.9 -1989.0 259.74 

500 138.41 124.34 48.35 75.99 -2143.3 -1950.4 203.75 

600 150.19 150.68 64.40 86.28 -2142.1 -1911.9 166.44 

700 158.46 174.49 77.28 97.21 -2140.3 -1873.7 139.81 

800 164.33 196.06 87.82 108.24 -2138.3 -1835.7 119.86 

900 168.53 215.67 96.56 119.10 -2136.2 -1798.0 104.35 

1000 171.57 233.59 103.92 129.67 -2134.2 -1760.5 91.96 

1100 173.77 250.05 110.18 139.87 -2132.2 -1723.3 81.83 

1200 175.39 265.24 115.55 149.70 -2130.3 -1686.2 73.39 

1300 176.61 279.33 120.20 159.13 -2128.7 -1649.2 66.27 

1400 177.57 292.46 124.26 168.19 -2127.2 -1612.4 60.16 

1500 178.39 304.74 127.85 176.89 -2125.9 -1575.7 54.87 

1600 179.13 316.27 131.03 185.25 -2153.9 -1538.3 50.22 

1700 179.88 327.15 133.88 193.28 -2202.4 -1499.4 46.07 

1800 180.68 337.46 136.46 201.00 -2200.6 -1458.0 42.31 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,...,Ho kJ 

AMBO kJ 

Molar Vol. 3. 718 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB 12.16 kJ 37.18 cm3 

A= -2.135E+03 B• 3.744E-01 C= -4.46E+05 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 311 

BERYL Formula wt 537.502 

FORMATION PROM TBB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 417.00 346.70 0.00 346.71 -9006.6 -8500.5 1489.21 

300 419.01 349.29 2.58 346.71 -9006.7 -8497.3 1479.48 

400 507.82 482.86 118.55 364.32 -9010.0 -8326.9 1087.35 

500 567.30 603.00 202.73 400.26 -9008.6 -8156.2 852.05 

600 608.30 710.27 267.11 443.16 -9004.7 -7986.0 695.23 

700 637.50 806.36 318.05 488.31 -8999.1 -7816.7 583.27 

800 659.03 892.96 359.39 533.56 -8992.8 -7648.1 499.36 

900 675.52 971.57 393.64 577.93 -8986.1 -7480.5 434.14 

1000 688.78 1043.45 422.51 620.94 -9000.6 -7312.1 381.93 

1100 700.03 1109.64 447.24 662.40 -8993.5 -7143.5 339.21 

1200 710.19 1170.99 468.73 702.26 -8986.1 -6975.7 303.64 

1300 719.89 1228.22 487.68 740.54 -8978.7 -6808.5 273.56 

1400 729.66 1281.93 504.61 777.31 -8971.1 -6641.9 247.81 

1500 739.86 1332.61 519.95 812.66 -8963.4 -6475.7 225.50 

1600 750.81 1380.71 534.04 846.67 -8999.0 -6309.0 205.96 

1700 762.75 1426.58 547.13 879.44 -9290.5 -6138.4 188.60 

1800 775.87 1470.54 559.47 911.07 -9278.7 -5953.2 172.75 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,JJO kJ 

Am.H 0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 20.33 J•bar·1 

a~98-HB 64.43 kJ 203.3 cm3 

A= -8.995E+03 B= 1.683E+OO C= -6.74E+05 

7/22/92 
312 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BERTRANDITB Formula wt 238.230 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

I( J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 224.64 172.10 o.oo 172.10 

300 225.83 173.49 1.39 172.10 

400 279.83 246.33 64.67 181.67 

500 317.42 313.06 111.68 201.38 

600 344.16 373.43 148.32 225.11 

700 363.51 428.01 177.75 250.26 

800 377.60 477.52 201.90 275.63 

900 387.80 522.62 222.02 300.60 

1000 395.06 563.88 238.98 324.90 

1100 400.01 601.78 253.41 348.37 

1200 403.13 636.73 265.77 370.96 

1300 404.76 669.07 276.41 392.67 

1400 405.16 699.09 285.60 413.49 

Melting T 

kJ 

31.04 kJ 

A• -4.564E+03 B• 9.388E-01 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-4580.5 -4295.1 

-4580.6 -4293.3 

-4582.9 -4197.1 

-4582.4 -4100.6 

-4580.2 -4004.5 

-4576.7 -3908.8 

-4572.5 -3813.6 

-4568.1 -3719.0 

-4563.5 -3624.9 

-4559.1 -3531.3 

-4555.0 -3438.0 

-4551.4 -3345.1 

-4548.3 -3252.4 

Boiling T 

A,.JJO 

Molar Vol. 

C• -1.03B+06 

752.46 

747.51 

548.07 

428.38 

348.61 

291.67 

249.00 

215.84 

189.34 

167.68 

149.65 

134.41 

121.35 

kJ 

9.179 J•bar·• 

91.79 cm3 

7/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 313 

LAWSONITE Formula wt 314.238 

Temp. co 

p Sf (BT-B~ 98 )/T -(Gf-&~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 275.24 230.00 o.oo 230.00 

300 276.56 231.71 1.70 230.01 

400 331.03 319.37 77.78 241.59 

500 368.81 397.47 132.37 265.10 

600 400.03 467.54 174.43 293.10 

Melting T 

kJ 

41.36 kJ 

A• -4.869B+03 B• 1.196E+OO 

FORMATION FROM THE ELBMBNTS 

AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-4869.0 -4512.9 790.63 

-4869.1 -4510.7 785.37 

-4871.0 -4390.9 573.38 

-4869.7 -4270.9 446.17 

-4866.0 -4151.5 361.41 

Boiling T 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 10 .132 J • bar·• 

101.32 cm3 

C• -7.02E+04 

7/29/92 
314 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

GEBLENITE Pormula wt 274.200 

Ca2Al2sio7 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to incongruent melting point at 1866 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-&~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 206.40 210.10 o.oo 210.10 -3985.0 -3785.5 663.19 

300 207.12 211.38 1.28 210.10 -3985.0 -3784.3 658.88 

400 236.74 275.39 56.76 218.63 -3985.5 -3717.2 485.41 

500 255.45 330.37 94.75 235.62 -3984.6 -3650.2 381.33 

600 268.56 378.16 122.69 255.48 -3983.2 -3583.5 311.96 

700 278.34 420.33 144.25 276.08 -3981.6 -3517.0 262.44 

800 285.95 458.01 161.51 296.50 -3981.9 -3450.5 225.29 

900 292.04 492.06 175.69 316.37 -3980.8 -3384.2 196.41 

1000 297.04 523.09 187.58 335.52 -4001.6 -3316.4 173.23 

1100 301.21 551.61 197.73 353.88 -4001.2 -3247.9 154.23 

1200 304.73 577.97 206.50 371.47 -4016.6 -3178.2 138.34 

1300 307.74 602.48 214.17 388.31 -4014.6 -3108.3 124.89 

1400 310.33 625.39 220.95 404.43 -4012.6 -3038.8 113.38 

1500 312.57 646.88 226.99 419.89 -4010.3 -2969.3 103.40 

1600 314.53 667.11 232.40 434.71 -4008.1 -2900.0 94.67 

1700 316.24 686.23 237.28 448.95 -4055.9 -2830.3 86.96 

1800 317.74 704.35 241.71 462.64 -4350.6 -2753.9 79.91 

Melting T 1866 K Boiling T K 

A~o kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 9.015 J•bar·• 

H~98-HB 33.21 kJ 90.15 cm3 

A= -4.005E+03 B• 6.909E-01 C= 1.392E+06 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 315 

ZOISITE Formula wt 454.357 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 350.34 295.85 0.00 295.85 

300 351.83 298.02 2.17 295.86 

400 412.84 408.40 97.91 310.49 

500 450.20 504.83 164.89 339.94 

600 476.35 589.34 214.73 374.61 

700 497.24 664.38 253.63 410.74 

800 516.12 732.02 285.28 446.74 

900 534.93 793.89 311.96 481.93 

1000 554.92 851.27 335.25 516.02 

1100 576.93 905.17 356.20 548.97 

1200 601.55 956.41 375.60 580.81 

Melting T 

kJ 

52.07 kJ 

A• -6.898E+03 B= 1.325E+OO 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-6901.1 -6504.5 

-6901.2 -6502.1 

-6902.5 -6368.7 

-6900.8 -6235.4 

-6897.7 -6102.6 

-6893.8 -5970.4 

-6891.2 -5838.5 

-6886.4 -5707.2 

-6913.1 -5574.3 

-6906.3 -5440.7 

-6914.2 -5306.5 

Boiling T 

A.,Bo 

Molar Vol. 

C= -1.37E+05 

Log Kf 

1139.54 

1132.08 

831.65 

651.39 

531.27 

445.51 

381.21 

331.23 

291.16 

258.35 

230.98 

K 

kJ 

13.65 J• bar·• 

136.5 cm3 

7/22/92 
316 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

GROSSULAR Formula wt 450.446 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~g )/T -(GT-H~g )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 330.22 260.12 o.oo 260.12 -6640.0 -6278.5 1099.94 

300 331.57 262.17 2.04 260.13 -6640.1 -6276.2 1092.77 

400 389.70 366.16 92.25 273.91 -6640.8 -6154.7 803.71 

500 425.80 457.32 155.64 301.68 -6638.6 -6033.4 630.29 

600 448.43 537.11 202.69 334.41 -6635.3 -5912.7 514.73 

700 463.30 607.42 238.93 368.49 -6631.6 -5792.6 432.24 

800 474.02 670.02 267.67 402.34 -6630.9 -5672.6 370.37 

900 482.99 726.37 291.11 435.27 -6628.0 -5553.0 322.28 

1000 491.81 777.71 310.73 466.98 -6647.1 -5432.2 283.74 

1100 501.62 825.04 327.63 497.41 -6645.2 -5310.8 252.18 

1200 513.24 869.17 342.60 526.57 -6666.7 -5187.7 225.81 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A...Jio kJ 

Aeu.H 0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 12.528 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 47.66 kJ 125.28 cm3 

A= -6.637E+03 8• 1.206E+OO C= -1.07E+05 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 317 

DATOLITE Formula wt 159.979 

CaB(Si4)0H: Crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. Datolite decomposes in air at about 970 K. 

!'ORMATION FROM THB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 127.41 110.20 o.oo 110.20 -2477.8 -2318.1 406.12 

300 127.95 110.99 0.79 110.20 -2477.8 -2317.1 403.44 

400 153.07 151.41 35.87 115.54 -2478.7 -2263.4 295.56 

500 172.25 187.72 61.31 126.41 -2478.3 -2209.6 230.83 

600 187.00 220.49 81.08 139.41 -2477.0 -2155.9 187.69 

700 198.17 250.20 97.05 153.14 -2475.0 -2102.6 156.89 

800 206.23 277.22 110.23 166.99 -2473.6 -2049.4 133.81 

900 211.49 301.84 121.21 180.63 -2471.1 -1996.6 115.87 

1000 214.12 324.28 130.39 193.89 -2468.9 -1944.0 101.54 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

vo kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.332 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 19.25 kJ 53.32 cm3 

A= -2.473E+03 B= 5.301B-01 c- -2.53B+05 

7/22/92 
318 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ILVAITE Pormula wt 408.793 

C&Pe3si2o 7o(OH): Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 900 K. 

!'ORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Bf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 298.90 292.30 0.00 292.30 -3692.8 -3437.0 602.13 

300 299.90 294.20 1.85 292.35 -3692.8 -3435.4 598.15 

400 343.40 387.70 83.02 304.68 -3689.7 -3350.0 437.45 

500 362.50 466.50 137.00 329.50 -3685.5 -3265.6 341.14 

600 380.90 534.20 176.10 358.10 -3681.0 -3182.0 277.01 

700 398.50 594.30 206.70 387.60 -3676.1 -3099.2 231.26 

800 408.10 648.10 213.20 434.90 -3686.8 -3031.4 197.93 

900 417.80 696.70 251.40 445.30 -3668.6 -2935.3 170.36 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,..,Ho kJ 

A._ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 10.107 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-aa 48.09 kJ 101.07 cm3 

A• -3.664E+03 B= 8.052E-01 C= -1.20E+06 

3/5/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 319 

ANDRADITE Formula wt 508.177 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 351.88 316.40 o.oo 316.40 -5771.0 -5427.0 950.77 

300 353.17 318.58 2.17 316.41 -5771.0 -5424.9 944.53 

400 406.71 428.17 97.19 330.99 -5770.1 -5309.5 693.33 

500 440.29 522.80 162.68 360.11 -5766.8 -5194.7 542.67 

600 462.94 605.20 210.95 394.24 -5762.7 -5080.7 442.30 

700 478.83 677.82 248.15 429.67 -5758.5 -4967.3 370.66 

800 490.20 742.55 277.74 464.81 -5757.4 -4854.2 316.94 

900 498.37 800.78 301.82 498.96 -5754.7 -4741.5 275.18 

1000 504.17 853.61 321.78 531.83 -5754.2 -4629.0 241.79 

Melting T It Boiling T K 

A,Jio kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 13.204 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 53.49 kJ 132.04 cm3 

A• -5.756E+03 B= 1.1281:+00 C= -6.851:+05 

7/22/92 
320 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MONTICBLLITB Pormula wt 156.466 

CaMgSio4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1100 x. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T 

X J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 123.00 108.10 o.oo 108.10 

300 123.46 108.86 0.76 108.10 

400 141.90 147.16 33.96 113.20 

500 153.07 180.11 56.75 123.37 

600 160.69 208.73 73.47 135.26 

700 166.26 233.94 86.35 147.60 

800 170.53 256.44 96.61 159.82 

900 173.91 276.72 105.02 171.70 

1000 176.64 295.19 112.05 183.14 

1100 178.88 312.14 118.03 194.11 

Melting T 

kJ 

18.76 kJ 

A• -2.248E+03 B= 3.910E-01 

FORMATION FROM THB ELBMBNTS 

Afao AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-2251.0 -2132.8 

-2251.0 -2132.0 

-2250.9 -2092.3 

-2249.9 -2052.8 

-2248.6 -2013.5 

-2247.3 -1974.4 

-2246.8 -1935.4 

-2245.6 -1896.6 

-2253.2 -1857.2 

-2252.7 -1817.6 

Boiling T 

A,.JJO 

Molar Vol. 

C• -1.25E+05 

Log Kf 

373.64 

371.21 

273.23 

214.45 

175.29 

147.33 

126.37 

110.07 

97.01 

86.31 

kJ 

5 • 13 J • bar·• 

51.3 cm3 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 321 

AKERMANITE Formula wt 272.628 

ca2Mgsi2o7 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to melting point at 1731 K. A small transition at 

357.9 K has an enthalpy of 0.68 kJ. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 214.10 212.50 o.oo 212.50 -3864.8 -3667.5 642.52 

300 214.79 213.83 1.32 212.50 -3864.8 -3666.3 638.35 

400 239.88 281.42 58.23 223.19 -3864.4 -3600.9 470.22 

500 253.60 336.53 96.03 240.50 -3863.1 -3535.2 369.31 

600 263.63 383.69 123.16 260.53 -3861.7 -3469.8 302.06 

700 272.19 424.98 143.85 281.13 -3860.3 -3404.6 254.05 

800 280.00 461.84 160.38 301.46 -3860.8 -3339.3 218.03 

900 287.32 495.25 174.08 321.16 -3859.7 -3274.2 190.03 

1000 294.24 525.88 185.76 340.12 -3867.4 -3208.5 167.59 

1100 300.75 554.23 195.92 358.32 -3866.9 -3142.6 149.23 

1200 306.85 580.67 204.91 375.76 -3882.1 -3075.6 133.87 

1300 312.52 605.46 212.97 392.48 -3879.6 -3008.5 120.88 

1400 317.73 628.81 220.27 408.54 -4004.1 -2938.5 109.63 

1500 322.45 650.84 226.93 423.96 -3999.6 -2862.5 99.68 

1600 326.68 671.84 233.03 438.81 -3994.8 -2786.8 90.98 

1700 330.38 691.76 238.65 453.11 -4090.1 -2710.5 83.28 

1800 382.00 784.60 315.23 469.37 -4253.3 -2629.6 76.31 

Melting T 1731 K Boiling T K 

Aw,Ho kJ 

AftiiHO 124.5 kJ 

Molar Vol. 9.254 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 34.91 kJ 92.54 cm3 

A= -3.904E+03 B= 6.968E-01 C= 2.903E+06 

7/22/92 
322 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MERWINITE Formula wt 328.705 

Ca3Mg(Si04 )2: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1600 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (BT-&~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 252.36 253.10 0.00 253.10 -4536.2 -4307.7 754.67 

300 253.18 254.66 1.56 253.10 -4536.2 -4306.2 749.77 

400 286.77 332.55 69.05 263.50 -4535.6 -4229.6 552.32 

500 306.89 398.87 114.76 284.11 -4533.6 -4153.3 433.89 

600 320.06 456.07 147.95 308.12 -4531.2 -4077.5 354.97 

700 329.37 506.14 173.24 332.90 -4528.9 -4002.1 298.63 

800 336.54 550.61 193.22 357.39 -4529.6 -3926.6 256.38 

900 342.58 590.60 209.49 381.12 -4528.1 -3851.4 223.52 

1000 348.15 626.99 223.08 403.91 -4535.9 -3775.5 197.21 

1100 353.67 660.43 234.70 425.73 -4535.9 -3699.5 175.67 

1200 359.46 691.45 244.85 446.60 -4559.8 -3621.6 157.64 

1300 365.75 720.46 253.90 466.56 -4557.3 -3543.5 142,.38 

1400 372.69 747.82 262.14 485.68 -4681.7 -3462.5 129.18 

1500 380.42 773.79 269.76 504.03 -4676.9 -3375.5 117.54 

1600 389.04 798.61 276.94 521.67 -4671.4 -3288.9 107.37 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

Aw,Bo kJ 

Atu.B0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 9.85 J•bar·• 

a~98-B6 kJ 98.5 cm3 

A= -4.557B+03 B= 7.840E-01 C• 1.573B+06 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 323 

TITANITE (SPHENE) Pormula wt 196.041 

CaTiSio5 : Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1670 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (BT-B~g )/T -(GT-B~g )/T Afso AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 138.91 129.20 o.oo 129.20 -2596.6 -2454.6 430.03 

300 139.51 130.06 0.86 129.20 -2596.6 -2453.8 427.23 

400 161.30 173.58 . 38.59 134.99 -2596.2 -2406.2 314.20 

500 172.66 210.90 64.37 146.54 -2594.9 -2358.8 246.42 

600 179.92 243.07 83.06 160.01 -2593.3 -2311.7 201.25 

700 185.25 271.22 97.29 173.93 -2591.6 -2264.9 169.01 

800 189.54 296.24 108.56 187.68 -2590.9 -2218.3 144.83 

900 193.24 318.79 117.77 201.02 -2589.3 -2171.8 126.04 

1000 196.56 339.32 125.49 213.83 -2588.0 -2125.4 111.02 

1100 199.64 358.20 132.09 226.11 -2587.1 -2079.2 98.73 

1200 202.55 375.70 137.84 237.86 -2598.2 -2032.3 88.46 

1300 205.34 392.02 142.93 249.10 -2596.0 -1985.3 79.77 

1400 208.05 407.34 147.48 259.86 -2593.7 -1938.4 72.32 

1500 210.70 421.78 151.61 270.17 -2591.3 -1891.7 65.87 

1600 213.30 435.47 155.38 280.08 -2588.9 -1845.1 60.23 

Melting T 1670 K Boiling T K 

vo kJ 

A,..so kJ 

Molar Vol. 5. 574 J•bar·• 

B~g8-B6 kJ 55.74 cm3 

A= -2.5911:+03 B• 4.661E-01 C= -2.271:+05 

7/22/92 
324 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

LARNITE Formula wt 172.239 

a-ca2sio4 : Monoclinic crystals 298.15.to 1000 K. Bredigite (a') is the stable modification 

of ca2sio4 between 970 and 1710 K. a-crystals 1710 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - JcJ•mol-1 --

298.15 128.59 127.60 o.oo 127.60 -2306.7 -2191.2 383.88 

300 128.97 128.40 0.79 127.60 -2306.7 -2190.5 381.39 

400 145.20 167.89 35.02 132.88 -2306.3 -2151.8 280.99 

500 156.15 201.54 58.21 143.33 -2305.1 -2113.3 220.77 

600 164.18 230.76 75.24 155.52 -2303.6 -2075.1 180.65 

700 170.37 256.55 88.40 168.15 -2302.1 -2037.1 152.01 

800 175.34 279.63 98.97 180.66 -2302.4 -1999.2 130.53 

900 179.44 300.53 107.69 192.84 -2301.1 -1961.4 113.83 

1000 180.66 319.64 115.05 204.59 -2300.1 -1923.7 100.48 

1100 185.28 337.21 121.35 215.86 -2299.6 -1886.1 89.56 

1200 189.89 353.50 126.84 226.66 -2315.0 -1847.2 80.41 

1300 194.50 368.67 131.66 237.01 -2313.0 -1808.3 72.66 

1400 199.11 382.87 135.95 246.92 -2310.8 -1769.6 66.02 

1500 203.72 396.23 139.79 256.44 -2308.6 -1731.0 60.28 

1600 208.33 408.83 143.26 265.57 -2306.3 -1692.6 55.26 

1700 212.94 420.76 146.41 274.35 -2354.1 -1653.8 50.81 

1800 205.02 444.84 160.60 284.24 -2628.4 -1610.9 46.75 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A..,Ho kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.16 J• bar·• 

H~98-HB kJ 51.6 cm3 

A• -2.308E+03 B• 3.850B-01 C== 2.243B+05 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 325 

CALCIO-QLIVINE 

y-ca2sio4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (BT-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 126.93 120.50 o.oo 120.50 

300 127.29 121.29 0.78 120.50 

400 141.80 160.08 34.39 125.69 

500 151.34 192.80 56.87 135.93 

600 158.91 221.08 73.26 147.82 

700 165.57 246.09 85.98 160.10 

800 171.73 268.60 96.32 172.28 

900 177.61 289.17 105.03 184.14 

1000 183.31 308.18 112.57 195.61 

1100 188.89 325.91 119.26 206.66 

1200 194.39 342.58 125.29 217.30 

Melting T K 

kJ 

kJ 

A= -2.314B+03 B= 3.898B-01 

Formula wt 172.239 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Afao AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-2316.5 -2198.9 385.23 

-2316.5 -2198.2 382.73 

-2316.3 -2158.7 281.90 

-2315.5 -2119.4 221.41 

-2314.6 -2080.3 181.10 

-2313.6 -2041.3 152.32 

-2314.3 -2002.3 130.73 

-2313.3 -1963.3 113.95 

-2312.4 -1924.5 100.52 

-2311.7 -1885.7 89.54 

-2326.7 -1845.8 80.34 

Boiling T K 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.801 J•bar"1 

58.01 cm3 

C= -9.84E+04 

7/22/92 
326 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BATORITE ( ALITB) Pormula wt 228.317 

ca3sio5 : Triclinic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION PROM THB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao 'tGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 171.59 168.60 o.oo 168.60 -2933.1 -2786.5 488.17 

300 172.08 169.66 1.06 168.60 -2933.1 -2785.6 485.00 

400 193.33 222.31 46.67 175.64 -2932.2 -2736.5 357.34 

500 207.61 267.07 77.51 189.56 -2930.3 -2687.8 280.78 

600 218.01 305.89 100.10 205.79 -2928.1 -2639.5 229.78 

700 225.97 340.12 117.54 222.58 -2925.9 -2591.5 193.38 

800 232.28 370.72 131.50 239.22 -2926.4 -2543.6 166.07 

900 237.43 398.39 143.00 255.39 -2924.6 -2495.8 144.85 

1000 241.72 423.63 152.66 270.97 -2923.3 -2448.3 127.88 

1100 245.33 446.84 160.92 285.92 -2922.8 -2400.8 114.00 

1200 248.43 468.33 168.09 300.24 -2946.1 -2351.5 102.35 

1300 251.10 488.32 174.38 313.94 -2943.4 -2302.0 92.50 

1400 253.43 507.01 179.94 327.07 -2940.4 -2252.8 84.05 

1500 255.48 524.57 184.91 339.66 -2937.4 -2203.8 76.74 

1600 257.28 541.12 189.38 351.74 -2934.4 -2155.0 70.35 

1700 258.89 556.76 193.42 363.34 -2981.4 -2105.9 64.70 

1800 260.31 571.60 197.10 374.51 -3424.0 -2048.0 59.43 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,.,Ho kJ 

A_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 7.274 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-H~ kJ 72.74 cm3 

A= -2.936E+03 B= 4.891B-01 C• 4.480B+05 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 327 

RANKINITE Formula wt 288.401 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 214.35 210.60 o.oo 210.60 

300 215.00 211.93 1.32 210.60 

400 242.55 277.86 58.46 219.41 

500 260.37 334.03 97.17 236.86 

600 272.58 382.65 125.45 257.20 

700 281.20 425.35 147.12 278.23 

800 287.38 463.33 164.29 299.04 

900 291.79 497.44 178.22 319.22 

1000 294.89 528.36 189.74 338.61 

1100 296.98 556.57 199.41 357.16 

1200 298.27 582.47 207.60 374.88 

1300 298.92 606.38 214.60 391.78 

1400 299.05 628.54 220.63 407.91 

Melting T 1633 K 

kJ 

kJ 

A= -3.948E+03 B= 6.684E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-3949.0 -3748.1 

-3949.0 -3746.9 

-3948.5 -3679.5 

-3946.9 -3612.4 

-3944.9 -3545.7 

-3942.9 -3479.4 

-3943.7 -3413.0 

-3942.4 -3346.7 

-3941.8 -3280.6 

-3942.2 -3214.4 

-3966.7 -3146.4 

-3965.3 -3078.1 

-3964.2 -3009.9 

Boiling T 

A.,Jio 

Molar Vol. 

C= 5.979E+04 

656.64 

652.37 

480.48 

377.38 

308.68 

259.63 

222.84 

194.23 

171.36 

152.64 

136.95 

123.68 

112.30 

K 

kJ 

9.651 J•bar·1 

96.51 cm3 

7/22/92 
328 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ROSENBAHNITE Formula wt 366.500 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AtGO Log Itt 

It J•mol-1 ·1t-l - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 289.35 281.80 o.oo 281.80 -5198.1 -4882.1 855.31 

300 290.58 283.59 1.79 281.81 -5198.1 -4880.2 849.69 

400 335.67 374.18 80.33 293.85 -5198.5 -4774.0 623.41 

500 359.45 451.87 133.98 317.89 -5197.0 -4668.1 487.66 

600 374.84 518.85 172.92 345.93 -5195.0 -4562.4 397.19 

700 386.28 577.52 202.61 374.91 -5192.9 -4457.2 332.59 

800 395.60 629.73 226.17 403.56 -5193.5 -4351.9 284.14 

900 403.70 676.80 245.45 431.35 -5191.8 -4246.8 246.47 

1000 411.03 719.72 261.65 458.07 -5190.7 -4141.9 216.35 

1100 417.86 759.22 275.54 483.67 -5190.1 -4037.0 191.70 

1200 424.36 795.86 287.68 508.18 -5213.4 -3930.4 171.08 

1300 430.62 830.07 298.43 531.64 -5210.4 -3823.6 153.63 

1400 436.70 862.21 308.09 554.12 -5207.2 -3717.0 138.68 

1500 442.66 892.54 316.87 575.68 -5203.6 -3610.7 125.73 

1600 448.52 921.30 324.91 596.39 -5199.8 -3504.6 114.41 

1700 454.30 948.66 332.35 616.31 -5346.2 -3397.4 104.39 

1800 460.02 974.79 339.29 635.50 -5787.1 -3276.3 95.07 

Melting T It Boiling T It 

A_,Ho kJ 

AaJio kJ 

Molar Vol. 12 • 646 J • bar·• 

H~98-HB kJ 126.46 cm3 

A• -5.206B+03 B• 1.065E+OO C• 6.937E+05 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 329 

SPURRITE Pormula wt 444.565 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 343.62 331.00 o.oo 331.00 

300 344.71 333.13 2.12 331.01 

400 388.72 438.91 93.78 345.13 

500 415.98 528.78 155.67 373.11 

600 434.91 606.39 200.72 405.67 

700 449.02 674.54 235.23 439.31 

800 460.04 735.24 262.67 472.57 

900 468.93 789.96 285.11 504.85 

1000 476.30 839.76 303.87 535.89 

1100 482.51 885.45 319.84 565.62 

1200 487.84 927.67 333.62 594.05 

1300 492.46 966.91 345.66 621.24 

Meltinq T 

kJ 

kJ 

A• -5.829E+03 B• 1.031E+OO 

FORMATION PROM TBB ELBMBNTS 

AfHO AfGO Lo91tt 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-5840.2 -5525.6 968.04 

-5840.2 -5523.6 961.73 

-5838.1 -5418.4 707.55 

-5834.3 -5313.9 555.12 

-5830.1 -5210.2 453.58 

-5826.2 -5107.2 381.09 

-5826.9 -5004.2 326.73 

-5824.0 -4901.5 284.47 

-5822.2 -4799.1 250.68 

-5821.7 -4696.9 223.03 

-5861.1 -4591.5 199.86 

-5857.1 -4485.9 180.24 

Boilinq T 

A.,.Jio kJ 

Kolar Vol. 14.697 J•bar·• 

146.97 CJD3 

C• -3.84E+05 

7/23/92 
330 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

TILLEYITE Formula wt 488.575 

FORMATION FROM THE ELBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Bf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AtGO Log l(f 

I( J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 383.49 394.00 o.oo 394.00 -6372.2 -6013.5 1053.52 

300 384.73 396.38 2.37 394.01 -6372.2 -6011.3 1046.63 

400 436.64 514.78 104.98 409.80 -6369.6 -5891.3 769.30 

500 470.37 616.07 174.89 441.17 -6365.1 -5772.2 603.00 

600 494.50 704.07 226.25 477.82 -6360.0 -5654.1 492.22 

700 512.82 781.73 265.94 515.80 -6354.9 -5536.8 413.15 

800 527.33 851.19 297.74 553.46 -6354.4 -5419.8 353.87 

900 539.15 914.01 323.92 590.08 -6350.0 -5303.2 307.78 

1000 549.01 971.34 345.95 625.38 -6346.6 -5187.1 270.94 

1100 557.38 1024.07 364.80 659.26 -6344.4 -5071.3 240.81 

1200 564.58 1072.88 381.16 691.72 -6382.0 -4952.5 215.57 

Melting T K Boiling T I( 

AwJIO kJ 

A,_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 17.050 J•bar·• 

a~98-B6 kJ 170.50 cm3 

A= -6.351E+03 B• 1.165E+OO C= -8.90E+05 

01/07/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 331 

COBALT-oLIVINE Pormula wt 209~950 

Co2Si04: Orthorhombic cryatala 298.15 to 1300 K. 

PORMA'l'ION PROM 'l'BB ELBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 133.41 142.60 o.oo 142.60 -1412.0 -1308.7 229.27 

300 133.83 143.43 0.82 142.60 -1412.0 -1308.0 227.74 

400 151.48 184.55 36.46 148.09 -1410.8 -1273.5 166.30 

500 162.81 219.65 60.67 158.98 -1409.0 -1239.4 129.47 

600 170.44 250.05 78.37 171.68 -1406.8 -1205.7 104.96 

700 175.73 276.75 91.92 184.82 -1404.5 -1172.4 87.48 

800 179.40 300.47 102.64 197.83 -1403.1 -1139.2 74.38 

900 181.91 321.75 111.32 210.43 -1401.1 -1106.3 64.21 

1000 183.55 341.01 118.47 222.54 -1399.5 -1073.7 56.08 

1100 184.52 358.56 124.43 234.12 -1398.4 -1041.1 49.44 

Melting T 1693 K Boiling T K 

A.JIO kJ 

Am.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.449 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-Hf, 22.52 kJ 44.49 cm3 

A= -1.4011:+03 B• 3.282E-01 C• -4.72E+05 

7/22/92 
332 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

FAYALITE Formula wt 203.777 

Fe2Si04: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1490 K. Fayalite melts incongruently at 1490 K. 

Liquid 1490 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H398)/T -(Gf-H398)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 131.84 151.00 o.oo 151.00 -1478.2 -1379.1 241.61 

300 132.39 151.82 0.81 151.00 -1478.2 -1378.5 240.02 

400 152.14 192.99 36.51 156.48 -1477.1 -1345.4 175.69 

500 162.24 228.12 60.73 167.39 -1475.5 -1312.7 137.13 

600 168.83 258.31 78.23 180.09 -1473.8 -1280.3 111.45 

700 174.03 284.74 91.55 193.19 -1472.3 -1248.1 93.14 

800 178.71 308.29 102.16 206.13 -1471.0 -1216.2 79.41 

900 183.31 329.60 110.92 218.68 -1470.4 -1184.4 68.74 

1000 188.03 349.16 118.39 230.77 -1470.9 -1152.6 60.21 

1100 193.02 367.31 124.95 242.36 -1472.9 -1120.7 53.21 

1200 198.33 384.33 130.84 253.49 -1473.0 -1088.7 47.39 

1300 204.03 400.43 136.25 264.18 -1469.6 -1056.8 42.46 

1400 210.14 415.77 141.30 274.46 -1466.0 -1025.2 38.25 

1500 240.60 490.58 205.80 284.78 -1372.5 -994.4 34.63 

1600 240.60 506.10 207.98 298.12 -1366.1 -969.4 31.65 

1700 240.60 520.68 209.89 310.79 -1412.0 -944.3 29.01 

1800 240.60 534.43 211.60 322.83 -1406.7 -916.9 26.61 

Melting T 1490 K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A._ao 89.3 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4. 631 J•bar·• 

H398-H& 22.49 kJ 46.31 cm3 

A== -1.457E+03 B• 3.049E-01 C== -1.30E+06 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 333 

ALMANDINE Formula wt 497.753 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 343.29 342.60 o.oo 342.60 -5264.7 -4941.9 865.79 

300 344.49 344.73 2.12 342.61 -5264.7 -4939.9 860.10 

400 396.60 451.51 94.70 356.81 -5264.5 -4831.6 630.93 

500 431.35 543.98 158.77 385.21 -5262.0 -4723.6 493.46 

600 455.57 624.89 206.33 418.56 -5258.5 -4616.2 401.87 

700 472.90 696.49 243.24 453.25 -5254.6 -4509.5 336.50 

800 485.47 760.51 272.78 487.73 -5251.0 -4403.3 287.50 

900 494.57 818.24 296.94 521.30 -5248.4 -4297.5 249.42 

1000 501.06 870.71 317.05 553.66 -5269.5 -4190.5 218.88 

1100 505.54 918.69 334.00 584.69 -5271.4 -4082.4 193.85 

1200 508.42 962.81 348.42 614.39 -5271.3 -3974.4 173.00 

Melting T 1683 K Boiling T K 

A-Jio kJ 

Aru.H 0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 11.532 J•bar·• 

8~ 98-Hf» 52.74 kJ 115.32 cm3 

A= -5.2578+03 B= 1.068E+OO C= -3.13E+05 

4/6/93 
334 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CORDIERITE Formula wt 584.953 

Mg2Al3 (Alsi5o18 ): Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1700 K. 

FORMATION PROM THB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 443.28 407.20 0.00 407.20 -9161.5 -8651.1 1515.61 

300 445.39 409.95 2.74 407.21 -9161.6 -8648.0 1505.71 

400 528.32 550.66 124.83 425.83 -9164.9 -8476.1 1106.84 

500 577.52 674.23 210.80 463.43 -9164.2 -8303.9 867.48 

600 611.37 782.68 274.89 507.79 -9161.6 -8132.1 707.94 

700 636.90 878.92 324.86 554.06 -9157.8 -7960.8 594.03 

800 657.37 965.35 365.18 600.16 -9153.5 -7790.1 508.63 

900 674.50 1043.79 398.63 645.16 -9149.2 -7619.9 442.24 

1000 689.32 1115.64 426.97 688.67 -9204.5 -7445.9 388.92 

1100 702.43 1181.97 451.43 730.54 -9199.3 -7270.2 345.22 

1200 714.27 1243.60 472.84 770.76 -9193.4 -7095.1 308.83 

1300 725.11 1301.21 491.84 809.37 -9186.9 -6920.4 278.06 

1400 735.16 1355.32 508.86 846.45 -9434.8 -6740.2 251.48 

1500 744.56 1406.36 524.27 882.09 -9424.6 -6548.0 228.02 

1600 753.44 1454.70 538.31 916.38 -9414.0 -6356.6 207.52 

1700 761.87 1500.63 551.22 949.41 -9653.8 -6163.4 189.37 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,.Ho kJ 

A,._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 23.322 J•bar·1 

H~98-H6 kJ 233.22 cm3 

A= -9.227E+03 B= 1.785E+OO C= 4.350B+06 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 335 

FORSTERITE Formula wt 140.693 

Mg2Si04: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELBMERTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T A tHo AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 118.61 94.11 0.00 94.11 -2173.0 -2053.6 359.78 

300 119.10 94.85 0.73 94.11 -2173.0 -2052.9 357.43 

400 137.71 131.97 32.92 99.05 -2173.2 -2012.8 262.84 

500 148.28 163.92 55.01 108.91 -2172.6 -1972.7 206.09 

600 155.77 191.65 71.21 120.44 -2171.6 -1932.9 168.27 

700 161.75 216.12 83.73 132.39 -2170.5 -1893.2 141.27 

800 166.83 238.06 93.81 144.25 -2169.2 -1853.6 121.03 

900 171.25 257.97 102.17 155.80 -2167.9 -1814.2 105.29 

1000 175.14 276.22 109.28 166.94 -2183.8 -1773.6 92.64 

1100 178.56 293.08 115.42 177.65 -2182.7 -1732.6 82.27 

1200 181.54 308.74 120.81 187.93 -2181.3 -1691.8 73.64 

1300 184.08 323.38 125.58 197.79 -2179.8 -1651.1 66.34 

1400 186.21 337.10 129.84 207.26 -2433.0 -1604.2 59.85 

1500 187.92 350.01 133.66 216.35 -2428.5 -1545.1 53.80 

1600 189.21 362.18 137.09 225.09 -2424.0 -1486.3 48.52 

1700 190.08 373.68 140.19 233.49 -2469.7 -1427.4 43.86 

1800 190.53 384.56 142.97 241.59 -2465.0 -1366.2 39.64 

Melting T 2163 K Boiling T K 

A...Jio kJ 

A _so kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.365 J•bar·1 

8~ 98-Hf» 17.22 kJ 43.65 cm3 

A• -2.240E+03 8• 4.675E-01 C• 4.724E+06 

·7/22/92 
336 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

PYROPE Formula wt 403.127 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p st (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 325.76 266.27 o.oo 266.27 -6285.0 -5934.5 1039.67 

300 327.12 268.29 2.01 266.28 -6285.1 -5932.3 1032.88 

400 383.71 370.83 90.96 279.87 -6286.1 -5814.4 759.27 

500 419.39 460.56 153.33 307.24 -6284.3 -5696.7 595.12 

600 443.59 539.30 199.81 339.49 -6280.9 -5579.5 485.72 

700 460.82 609.04 235.93 373.11 -6276.9 -5462.9 407.64 

800 473.55 671.45 264.87 406.57 -6272.6 -5346.9 349.11 

900 483.27 727.81 288.62 439.19 -6268.5 -5231.4 303.62 

1000 490.92 779.14 308.49 470.65 -6311.8 -5112.8 267.06 

1100 497.14 826.23 325.36 500.87 -6308.0 -4993.0 237.09 

1200 502.37 869.72 339.90 529.82 -6304.0 -4873.7 212.14 

1300 506.94 910.11 352.58 557.54 -6299.9 -4754.6 191.04 

1400 511.10 947.84 363.75 584.08 -6678.0 -4626.6 172.62 

1500 515.01 983.23 373.71 609.52 -6669.6 -4480.3 156.01 

Melting T 1570 J( Boiling T J( 

AwJIO kJ 

Aa.Ho 241.0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 11.312 J•bar·1 

H~g8-H6 47.85 kJ 113.12 cm3 

A• -6.316E+03 8• 1.208E+OO C• 2.167E+06 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 337 

GLASS Pormula wt 403.127 

FORMATION PROM TBB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Loq J(f 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 387.18 346.30 o.oo 346.3 -6163.0 -5836.3 1022.48 

300 387.83 348.70 2.39 346.3 -6162.9 -5834.3 1015.82 

400 416.67 464.47 102.57 361.9 -6159.5 -5725.2 747.62 

500 437.98 559.83 167.61 392.2 -6155.1 -5617.2 586.81 

600 455.32 641.26 214.16 427.1 -6150.3 -5510.0 479.68 

700 470.25 712.60 249.70 462.9 -6145.2 -5403.7 403.22 

800 483.61 776.28 278.12 498.2 -6140.0 -5298.2 345.93 

900 495.85 833.95 301.64 532.3 -6134.8 -5193.2 301.40 

1000 507.28 886.79 321.64 565.2 -6176.6 -5085.3 265.62 

Melting T 1570 K Boiling T K 

vo kJ 

A._ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 14.61 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 50.09 kJ 146.1 cm3 

A• -6.143E+03 B= 1.058E+OO C• -7.88E+05 

10/15/92 
338 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

TEPHROITE Formula wt 201.959 

Mn2Si04: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1524 K. Tephroite melts incongruently at 1524 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-a~ a)/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 128.74 155.90 o.oo 155.90 -1731.5 -1631.0 285.73 

300 129.11 156.70 0.80 155.90 -1731.5 -1630.3 283.86 

400 144.89 196.18 35.00 161.18 -1731.3 -1596.6 208.49 

500 155.22 229.69 58.08 171.62 -1730.4 -1563.0 163.29 

600 162.48 258.67 74.90 183.76 -1729.5 -1529.7 133.17 

700 167.82 284.14 87.82 196.32 -1728.4 -1496.4 111.66 

800 171.86 306.82 98.08 208.74 -1727.5 -1463.4 95.55 

900 174.96 327.25 106.46 220.79 -1726.6 -1430.4 83.02 

1000 177.38 345.82 113.43 232.38 -1730.3 -1397.4 72.99 

1100 179.27 362.81 119.34 243.48 -1729.8 -1364.2 64.78 

1200 180.74 378.48 124.39 254.08 -1729.2 -1331.0 57.93 

1300 181.87 392.99 128.77 264.22 -1728.7 -1297.8 52.15 

1400 182.73 406.50 132.60 273.90 -1732.9 -1264.6 47.18 

1500 183.36 419.13 135.96 283.17 -1737.6 -1230.8 42.86 

Malting T 1524 K Boiling T K 

A..,Ho kJ 

A._Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.899 J•bar·• 

H~9&-B6 22.35 kJ 48.99 cm3 

A= -1.730E+03 B• 3.321E-01 C= -3.65E+04 

7/22/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 339 

LIEBENBERGITE 

Ni2Sio4 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1300 K. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-&~ 98 )/T -(GT-B~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 123.07 128.10 o.oo 128.10 

300 123.50 128.86 0.76 128.10 

400 141.96 167.13 33.93 133.19 

500 153.93 200.18 56.82 143.36 

600 162.20 229.02 73.73 155.29 

700 168.12 254.49 86.81 167.68 

800 172.44 277.24 97.26 179.98 

900 175.61 297.74 105.80 191.94 

1000 177.93 316.37 112.90 203.47 

1100 179.60 333.41 118.89 214.52 

1200 180.74 349.09 124.00 225.09 

1300 181.48 363.59 128.40 235.19 

Melting T 

kJ 

19.72 kJ 

A• -1.391E+03 B• 3.528E-01 

Pormula wt 209.463 

PORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Afso AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-1396.5 -1288.9 

-1396.5 -1288.3 

-1396.7 -1252.1 

-1396.1 -1216.1 

-1395.6 -1180.1 

-1394.7 -1144.2 

-1393.0 -1109.5 

-1391.2 -1073.1 

-1389.4 -1037.9 

-1387.7 -1002.8 

-1386.2 -967.9 

-1384.8 -933.1 

Boiling T 

Molar Vol. 

C• -3.04E+05 

Log Kf 

225.81 

224.30 

163.51 

127.04 

102.73 

85.38 

72.44 

62.28 

54.21 

47.62 

42.13 

37.49 

kJ 

4.257 J•bar·1 

42.57 cm3 

7/22/92 
340 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

Ni2Si04 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 800 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 120.73 124.10 0.00 124.10 -1389.7 -1280.9 224.41 

300 121.36 124.85 0.75 124.10 -1389.7 -1280.3 222.91 

400 143.89 163.28 34.09 129.19 -1389.8 -1243.7 162.41 

500 155.08 196.71 57.28 139.43 -1389.1 -1207.3 126.12 

600 161.80 225.63 74.18 151.45 -1388.5 -1171.0 101.94 

700 166.42 250.93 87.05 163.89 -1387.7 -1134.8 84.68 

800 169.91 273.39 97.19 176.20 -1386.2 -1099.7 71.80 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A....,Ho kJ 

A_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.981 J•bar·1 

a~98-aa kJ 39.81 cm3 

A= -1.385E+03 B= 3.578E-01 C= -2.19E+05 

7/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 341 

ZIRCON Formula wt 183.307 

zrsio4 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1600 K. 

Temp. co 

p ST <BT-&~98)/T -(GT-&~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 98.64 84.03 o.oo 84.03 

300 99.03 84.64 0.61 84.03 

400 115.51 115.58 27.45 88.14 

500 126.03 142.57 46.18 96.39 

600 133.27 166.23 60.13 106.10 

700 138.46 187.18 70.97 116.21 

800 142.28 205.93 79.65 126.28 

900 145.12 222.86 86.78 136.08 

1000 147.25 238.27 92.72 145.54 

1100 148.83 252.38 97.76 154.62 

1200 149.97 265.38 102.06 163.32 

1300 150.76 277.42 105.78 171.64 

1400 151.28 288.61 109.01 179.60 

1500 151.55 299.06 111.84 187.22 

1600 151.63 308.84 114.33 194.52 

Melting T 

kJ 

kJ 

A= -2.023B+03 B= 3.674E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBMENTS 

Afao AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-2034.2 -1919.7 

-2034.2 -1919.0 

-2034.0 -1880.6 

-2032.9 -1842.4 

-2031.3 -1804.4 

-2029.5 -1766.7 

-2027.4 -1729.3 

-2025.4 -1692.2 

-2023.4 -1655.3 

-2021.4 -1618.5 

-2023.2 -1581.8 

-2021.0 -1545.1 

-2018.8 -1508.6 

-2016.7 -1472.2 

-2014.8 -1436.0 

Boiling T 

A....,Bo 

Molar Vol. 

C= -6.21B+05 

Log Kf 

336.32 

334.12 

245.58 

192.47 

157.08 

131.83 

112.91 

98.21 

86.46 

76.86 

68.85 

62.08 

56.28 

51.27 

46.88 

K 

kJ 

3.926 J•bar·• 

39.26 cm3 

7/23/92 
342 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

WOLLASTONITE Formula wt 116.162 

CaSi03: Triclinic crystals 298.15 to 1400 K. Pseudowollastonite is stable above 1398 K. 

FORMATION PROM THB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (BT-s~ 98 )/T -(GT-s~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•JD01-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 86.19 81.69 o.oo 81.69 -1634.8 -1549.0 271.37 

300 86.50 82.22 0.53 81.69 -1634.8 -1548.5 269.61 

400 99.33 109.02 23.77 85.26 -1634.7 -1519.7 198.45 

500 107.40 132.12 39.74 92.38 -1633.9 -1491.0 155.76 

600 112.94 152.22 51.50 100.71 -1633.0 -1462.5 127.32 

700 116.96 169.94 60.58 109.36 -1631.9 -1434.2 107.02 

800 120.02 185.77 67.83 117.94 -1631.8 -1405.9 91.80 

900 122.44 200.05 73.77 126.28 -1630.9 -1377.8 79.96 

1000 124.42 213.06 78.74 134.32 -1630.1 -1349.7 70.50 

1100 126.11 225.00 82.97 142.03 -1629.6 -1321.7 62.76 

1200 127.60 236.03 86.63 149.41 -1637.1 -1293.1 56.28 

1300 128.95 246.30 89.83 156.47 -1635.9 -1264.4 50.80 

1400 130.22 255.90 92.67 163.23 -1634.7 -1235.9 46.11 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

vo kJ 

Afblao kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.990 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 13.84 kJ 39.90 cm3 

A= -1.6328+03 B• 2.827B-01 C• -1.12E+05 

7/31/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 343 

PSEUDOWOLLASTONITB Formula wt 116.162 

casio3 : Triclinic crystals 298.15 to melting point 1821 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ·mo~-1 --

298.15 87.92 87.20 o.oo 87.20 -1627.6 -1543.5 270.40 

300 88.20 87.74 0.54 87.20 -1627.6 -1542.9 268.64 

400 99.53 114.82 24.00 90.82 -1627.4 -1514.7 197.80 

500 106.55 137.84 39.86 97.98 -1626.7 -1486.6 155.30 

600 111.43 157.72 51.40 106.32 -1625.8 -1458.7 126.99 

700 115.06 175.18 60.25 114.93 -1625.0 -1430.9 106.77 

800 117.89 190.74 67.28 123.45 -1625.0 -1403.2 91.61 

900 120.17 204.76 73.04 131.72 -1624.3 -1375.5 79.83 

1000 122.06 217.52 77.85 139.67 -1623.8 -1347.8 70.40 

1100 123.65 229.23 81.94 147.29 -1623.6 -1320.3 62.69 

1200 125.01 240.05 85.48 154.57 -1631.3 -1292.1 56.24 

1300 126.19 250.10 88.56 161.54 -1630.4 -1263.8 50.78 

1400 127.23 259.49 91.29 168.21 -1629.4 -1235.7 46.10 

1500 128.14 268.30 93.72 174.59 -1628.4 -1207.6 42.05 

1600 128.95 276.60 95.89 180.71 -1627.5 -1179.6 38.51 

1700 129.68 284.44 97.86 186.58 -1676.7 -1145.1 35.37 

1800 130.34 291.87 99.65 192.23 -1824.1 -1118.1 32.44 

Melting T 1821 K Boiling T K 

vo kJ 

A,.Ho 57.3 kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.008 J•bar·1 

H~98-H6 kJ 40.08 cm3 

A= -1.629E+03 B= 2.815E-01 C= 1.853E+05 

7/31/92 
344 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

casio3 glass Pormula wt 116.162 

CaSi03: Glass 298.15 to 1821 K, melting point of pseudowollastonite. 

FORMATION PROM TBB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H398)/T -(Gf-H398)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 86.81 94.80 o.oo 94.80 -1608.7 -1526.8 267.49 

300 87.12 95.34 0.54 94.80 -1608.7 -1526.3 265.75 

400 99.31 122.25 23.86 98.39 -1608.5 -1498.8 195.72 

500 106.80 145.27 39.75 105.52 -1607.8 -1471.5 153.72 

600 112.43 165.26 51.41 113.85 -1606.9 -1444.3 125.74 

700 117.18 182.95 60.47 122.48 -1605.9 -1417.3 105.76 

800 121.47 198.88 67.83 131.05 -1605.7 -1390.3 90.78 

900 125.49 213.42 74.02 139.41 -1604.5 -1363.5 79.13 

1000 129.34 226.85 79.36 147.49 -1603.4 -1336.8 69.82 

1100 133.07 239.35 84.07 155.28 -1602.3 -1310.1 62.21 

1200 136.74 251.09 88.31 162.78 -1609.0 -1283.0 55.85 

1300 140.35 262.17 92.17 170.00 -1606.8 -1255.9 50.46 

1400 143.92 272.70 95.74 176.96 -1604.3 -1229.0 45.85 

1500 147.46 282.76 99.07 183.68 -1601.5 -1202.3 41.87 

1600 150.99 292.38 102.21 190.18 -1598.5. -1175.8 38.39 

1700 154.49 301.64 105.18 196.46 -1645.3 -1149.0 35.30 

1800 157.98 310.57 108.02 202.56 -1790.2 -1117.8 32.44 

Melting T 1821 K Boiling T K 

A.,..HO kJ 

Aa.Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 4.013 J•bar·1 

H398-H6 14.20 kJ 40.13 cm3 

A• -1.606B+03 B• 2.698E-01 C• -6.93B+04 

7/31/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 345 

Ca-Al PYRODNB 

CaAl2Si06 : Monoclinic cryatala 298.15 to 1000 Jt. 

Temp. co 

p ST (BT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T 

It J•mol-1·Jt-1 

298.15 164.97 141.00 o.oo 141.00 

300 165.63 142.02 1.02 141.00 

400 194.10 193.89 46.01 147.88 

500 212.57 239.32 77.59 161.73 

600 225.29 279.27 101.21 178.06 

700 234.43 314.72 119.62 195.10 

800 241.23 346.49 134.42 212.07 

900 246.45 375.22 146.59 228.63 

1000 250.58 401.40 156.79 244.61 

Melting T 

kJ 

24.40 kJ 

A• -3.303B+03 B• 5.877B-01 

Pormula wt 218.123 

PORMATIOH PROM THE BLBMEHTS 

AfBO AfGO Loq Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-3306.3 -3129.6 548.27 

-3306.3 -3128.5 544.70 

-3306.9 -3069.0 400.77 

-3306.0 -3009.7 314.41 

-3304.3 -2950.5 256.86 

-3302.4 -2891.7 215.78 

-3301.3 -2833.1 184.98 

-3299.5 -2774.7 161.04 

-3319.2 -2715.0 141.81 

Boiling T It 

kJ 

Molar Vol. 6.357 J•bar·• 

63.57 cm3 

C• -1.73B+05 

04/30/93 
346 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

HEDENBERGITB Formula wt 248.092 

CaPesi2o6 : Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1300 x. Decomposes at 1238 K. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

X J•mol-1·x-1 

298.15 175.30 174.20 o.oo 174.20 

300 175.94 175.29 1.08 174.20 

400 201.95 229.81 48.35 181.46 

500 218.13 276.73 80.79 195.94 

600 229.59 317.57 104.69 212.88 

700 238.39 353.65 123.18 230.46 

800 245.51 385.96 138.04 247.92 

900 251.49 415.23 150.32 264.90 

1000 256.67 442.00 160.71 281.29 

1100 261.25 466.68 169.64 297.04 

1200 265.37 489.59 177.45 312.14 

1300 269.13 510.99 184.36 326.63 

Melting T 

kJ 

28.23 kJ 

A= -2.830E+03 B• 5.328E-01 

FORMATION PROM THE ELBHENTS 

A tHO 'tGO Log Xf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-2839.9 -2676.3 

-2839.9 -2675.2 

-2839.3 -2620.4 

-2837.6 -2565.9 

-2835.4 -2511.7 

-2833.2 -2457.9 

-2831.8 -2404.4 

-2829.8 -2351.1 

-2828.6 -2298.0 

-2828.4 -2244.9 

-2835.2 -2191.3 

-2831.6 -2137.6 

Boiling T 

A..,Ho 

Molar Vol. 

C• -4.43E+05 

468.86 

465.79 

342.18 

268.05 

218.66 

183.41 

156.99 

136.45 

120.03 

106.60 

95.38 

85.90 

X 

kJ 

6. 795 J•bar·• 

67.95 cm3 

7/31/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 347 

DIOPSIDE Formula wt 216.550 

CaMgSi2o6 : Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to incongruent melting point at 1668 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 166.78 142.70 o.oo 142.70 -3201.5 -3026.8 530.27 

300 167.46 143.73 1.03 142.70 -3201.5 -3025.7 526.81 

400 195.68 196.12 46.47 149.65 -3201.6 -2967.1 387.45 

500 213.25 241.81 78.19 163.62 -3200.2 -2908.6 303.85 

600 224.98 281.80 101.74 180.06 -3198.2 -2850.4 248.14 

700 233.19 317.13 119.97 197.17 -3196.0 -2792.6 208.38 

800 239.21 348.68 134.51 214.17 -3194.6 -2735.0 178.58 

900 243.80 377.13 146.41 230.72 -3192.4 -2677.7 155.41 

1000 247.47 403.02 156.34 246.68 -3199.1 -2619.9 136.85 

1100 250.57 426.75 164.77 261.98 -3197.6 -2562.1 121.66 

1200 253.33 448.67 172.03 276.64 -3204.0 -2503.8 108.98 

1300 255.94 469.05 178.39 290.66 -3201.7 -2445.5 98.26 

1400 258.51 488.11 184.02 304.09 -3326.7 -2384.3 88.96 

1500 261.16 506.04 189.07 316.97 -3322.9 -2317.1 80.69 

1600 263.96 522.98 193.67 329.32 -3319.0 -2250.2 73.46 

Melting T 1668 K Boiling T K 

A.,.,Ho kJ 

A .. H0 137.7 kJ 

Molar Vol. 6. 609 J• bar·• 

8~ 98-Ht, 25.24 kJ 66.09 cm3 

A= -3.213E+03 B= 5.949E-01 C• 9.377E+05 

7/31/92 
348 

Temp. 

It 

298.15 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1000 

1100 

1200 

1300 

1400 

Melting T 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

co 

p ST (HT-a~ a)/T -(GT-a~ a)/T 

J•mol-1•x-1 

168.31 166.00 o.oo 166.00 

168.93 167.04 1.04 166.00 

196.43 219.69 46.69 172.99 

213.62 265.52 78.50 187.02 

224.44 305.50 101.99 203.51 

232.22 340.70 120.06 220.65 

239.22 372.17 134.51 237.65 

247.01 400.78 146.57 254.21 

256.65 427.28 157.07 270.21 

268.92 452.30 166.66 285.63 

284.36 476.33 175.80 300.53 

303.39 499.82 184.86 314.96 

326.34 523.12 194.12 328.99 

It 

kJ 

26.94 kJ 

A• -3.152B+03 8= 5.546B-01 

Formula wt 216.550 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Afao AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-3156.1 -2988.3 523.53 

-3156.1 -2987.3 520.12 

-3156.1 -2931.0 382.74 

-3154.7 -2874.9 300.33 

-3152.7 -2819.1 245.42 

-3150.5 -2763.7 206.22 

-3149.2 -2708.4 176.84 

-3146.8 -2653.5 154.00 

-3152.9 -2598.1 135.71 

-3150.1 -2542.7 120.74 

-3154.1 -2487.0 108.26 

-3147.9 -2431.7 97.71 

-3267.2 -2373.8 88.56 

Boiling T It 

A..,&o kJ 

Molar Vol. 7. 609 J•bar·• 

76.09 cm3 

C• -1.44E+05 

10/15/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT lflGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 349 

FERROSILITE Formula wt 131.931 

Fesio3 : Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 800 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Bf-B~ 98 )/T -(Gf-B~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 90.63 94.60 o.oo 94.60 -1195.2 -1118.0 195.86 

300 91.13 95.16 0.56 94.60 -1195.2 -1117.5 194.57 

400 109.00 124.16 25.73 98.43 -1194.3 -1091.7 142.56 

500 118.06 149.56 43.37 106.18 -1192.6 -1066.2 111.39 

600 123.64 171.61 56.32 115.29 -1190.7 -1041.1 90.64 

700 127.58 190.98 66.23 124.75 -1188.8 -1016.4 75.84 

800 130.65 208.22 74.10 134.12 -1187.0 -991.9 64.76 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A-Jio kJ 

AgBO kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.300 J•bar·• 

a~98-aa kJ 33.00 cm3 

A• -1.188E+03 B= 2.460E-01 C• -2.90E+05 

05/07/93 
350 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

a-SPODOMENB Formula wt 186.090 

LiA1Si206: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

T$D1p. co 

p ST (HT-H398)/T -(GT-H398)/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 158.93 129.30 o.oo 129.30 -3053.5 -2880.2 504.59 

300 159.48 130.28 0.98 129.30 -3053.5 -2879.2 501.29 

400 184.73 179.81 43.93 135.88 -3054.5 -2820.8 368.36 

500 203.25 223.13 74.03 149.09 -3057.3 -2762.1 288.55 

600 217.12 261.47 96.78 164.69 -3056.3 -2703.2 235.33 

700 227.78 295.77 114.76 181.01 -3054.4 -2644.5 197.33 

800 236.12 326.75 129.43 197.32 -3052.1 -2586.0 168.85 

900 242.75 354.96 141.67 213.29 -3049.6 -2527.9 146.71 

1000 248.07 380.82 152.05 228.77 -3057.4 -2469.4 128.98 

1100 252.37 404.68 160.98 243.69 -3054.3 -2410.7 114.47 

1200 255.84 426.79 168.75 258.04 -3050.9 -2352.3 102.39 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A,.,Ho kJ 

Aa.lfo kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.837 J•bar·• 

H398-H& kJ 58.37 cm3 

A• -3.0548+03 B• 5.8498-01 C• -5.348+04 

9/18/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 351 

~-SPODUMENE Formula wt 186.090 

LiAlsi2o6 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 1700 K. Melting point is 1696 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 162.77 154.40 o.oo 154.40 -3025.3 -2859.5 500.96 

300 163.37 155.41 1.01 154.40 -3025.3 -2858.5 497.69 

400 189.58 206.27 45.11 161.16 -3025.8 -2802.7 365.99 

500 207.34 250.60 75.88 174.71 -3028.2 -2746.7 286.94 

600 220.36 289.60 98.93 190.68 -3026.8 -2690.5 234.23 

700 230.39 324.36 117.02 207.34 -3024.7 -2634.7 196.60 

800 238.41 355.66 131.71 223.95 -3022.1 -2579.1 168.40 

900 244.98 384.14 143.94 240.19 -3019.3 -2523.9 146.48 

1000 250.49 410.24 154.33 255.91 -3026.9 -2468.3 128.93 

1100 255.18 434.34 163.29 271.05 -3023.5 -2412.6 114.56 

1200 259.22 456.72 171.12 285.60 -3019.9 -2357.2 102.60 

1300 262.74 477.61 178.03 299.58 -3016.0 -2302.1 92.50 

1400 265.84 497.20 184.20 313.00 -3012.1 -2247.4 83.85 

1500 268.58 515.63 189.73 325.90 -3008.0 -2192.9 76.36 

1600 271.03 533.05 194.74 338.31 -3003.8 -2138.7 69.82 

1700 273.23 549.55 199.29 350.25 -3245.1 -2076.7 63.81 

Melting T 1696 K Boiling T K 

vo kJ 

Aa.lfo kJ 

Molar Vol. 7.825 J•bar-1 

H~ 98-Hf» kJ 78.25 cm3 

A• -3.023E+03 B• 5.543E-01 C• -2.00E+05 

10/16/92 
352 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ENSTATITE 

MgSi03: Orthorhombic crystals 298.15 to 1000 K. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-l·x-1 

298.15 83.09 66.27 0.00 66.27 

300 83.41 66.78 0.51 66.27 

400 97.40 92.83 23.11 69.73 

500 106.62 115.63 38.95 76.68 

600 112.88 135.66 50.78 84.87 

700 117.44 153.41 59.99 93.42 

800 121.10 169.34 67.41 101.93 

900 124.39 183.80 73.56 110.24 

1000 127.68 197.07 78.81 118.27 

Melting T 

kJ 

11.99 kJ 

A• -1.542E+03 B• 2.869E-Ol 

Formula wt 100.389 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-1545.6 -1458.3 255.48 

-1545.6 -1457.7 253.81 

-1545.6 -1428.4 186.52 

-1544.9 -1399.1 146.16 

-1543.8 -1370.1 119.27 

-1542.5 -1341.2 100.08 

-1541.1 -1312.6 85.70 

-1539.6 -1284.1 74.52 

-1546.7 -1255.1 65.56 

Boiling T 

A-Jio kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.131 J•bar·• 

31.31 cm3 

C• -1.78E+05 

7/31/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 353 

CLINOENSTATITB Formula wt 100.389 

MgSio3 : Crystals 298.15 to melting point at 1830 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Bf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 82.12 67.86 o.oo 67.86 -1545.0 -1458.1 255.45 

300 82.34 68.37 0.51 67.86 -1545.0 -1457.6 253.78 

400 93.04 93.59 22.36 71.23 -1545.3 -1428.4 186.52 

500 101.20 115.27 37.35 77.92 -1545.1 -1399.2 146.17 

600 107.42 134.29 48.53 85.76 -1544.6 -1370.0 119.27 

700 112.22 151.23 57.30 93.92 -1543.8 -1341.0 100.06 

800 115.98 166.47 64.41 102.06 -1542.9 -1312.1 85.67 

900 118.95 180.30 70.31 109.99 -1541.9 -1283.3 74.48 

1000 121.32 192.96 75.30 117.67 -1549.6 -1253.9 65.49 

1100 123.22 204.62 79.57 125.05 -1548.7 -1224.3 58.14 

1200 124.73 215.41 83.27 132.13 -1547.7 -1194.9 52.01 

1300 125.93 225.44 86.51 138.93 -1546.7 -1165.5 46.83 

1400 126.87 234.81 89.36 145.45 -1673.1 -1133.1 42.28 

1500 127.60 243.59 91.89 151.70 -1670.8 -1094.6 38.12 

1600 128.14 251.84 94.14 157.71 -1668.5 -1056.3 34.48 

Melting T 1830 K Boiling T K 

vo kJ 

A611B0 61.50 kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.128 J•bar·1 

8~ 98-Bt, kJ 31.28 cm3 

A• -1.562B+03 B• 3.088E-01 C= 1.138E+06 

10/16/92 
354 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

Formula wt 100.389 

MgSio3 : Ilmenite structure form stable only at high pressure 298.15 to 700 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 102.64 60.40 o.oo 60.40 -1486.6 -1397.5 244.83 

300 102.63 61.03 0.63 60.40 -1486.6 -1397.0 243.23 

400 104.92 90.77 26.33 64.44 -1485.4 -1367.3 178.54 

500 109.92 114.69 42.52 72.17 -1484.2 -1337.9 139.77 

600 115.98 135.26 54.25 81.01 -1482.8 -1308.8 113.94 

700 122.55 153.62 63.53 90.09 -1481.0 -1279.9 95.51 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

AwJIO kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 2.636 J•bar·• 

s~98-sa kJ 26.36 cm3 

A== -1.481E+03 B== 2.885E-01 C• -1.88E+05 

12/9/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 355 

RHODONITE Formula wt 131.022 

MnSi03: Triclinic crystals 298.15 to 1600 K. Melts incongruently at 1564 K. 

FORMATION PROM TBB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-&~ 98 )/T -(GT-&~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 86.44 100.50 o.oo 100.50 -1321.6 -1244.7 218.05 

300 86.84 101.04 0.53 100.50 -1321.6 -1244.2 216.63 

400 101.42 128.30 24.18 104.12 -1321.4 -1218.4 159.10 

500 108.73 151.79 40.43 111.37 -1320.6 -1192.7 124.60 

600 113.29 172.04 52.21 119.83 -1319.8 -1167.2 101.61 

700 116.61 189.77 61.19 128.58 -1318.9 -1141.9 85.21 

800 119.31 205.52 68.29 137.23 -1318.0 -1116.6 72.91 

900 121.67 219.71 74.09 145.62 -1317.2 -1091.5 63.35 

1000 123.83 232.64 78.96 153.69 -1318.6 -1066.4 55.70 

1100 125.87 244.54 83.13 161.41 -1317.8 -1041.3 49.44 

1200 127.83 255.58 86.77 168.81 -1317.0 -1016.2 44.23 

1300 129.75 265.89 90.01 175.88 -1316.1 -991.1 39.82 

1400 131.63 275.57 92.91 182.66 -1317.4 -966.1 36.05 

1500 133.50 284.72 95.56 189.16 -1318.9 -940.9 32.76 

1600 135.35 293.39 97.99 195.41 -1330.5 -915.1 29.87 

Melting T 1564 K Boiling T K 

A.}Jo kJ 

Aa.&o kJ 

Molar Vol. 3.494 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 14.55 kJ 34.94 cm3 

A• -1.318B+03 B= 2.513E-01 C• -1.87B+05 

4/5/93 
356 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

JADEITE Pormula wt 202.139 

NaA1Si206: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1300 K. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 159.92 133.50 o.oo 133.50 

300 160.62 134.49 0.99 133.50 

400 188.41 184.89 44.71 140.19 

500 205.31 228.88 75.25 153.63 

600 217.07 267.41 97.96 169.45 

700 225.96 301.57 115.64 185.93 

800 233.06 332.22 129.89 202.33 

900 238.96 360.02 141.69 218.33 

1000 244.02 385.46 151.67 233.79 

1100 248.44 408.93 160.27 248.66 

1200 252.39 430.72 167.79 262.94 

1300 255.96 451.07 174.44 276.63 

Melting T 

kJ 

kJ 

A• -3.039E+03 B• 6.146E-Ol 

FORMATION PROM THB ELEMENTS 

AfRO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-3029.3 -2850.6 

-3029.3 -2849.5 

-3033.0 -2789.1 

-3032.7 -2728.2 

-3031.6 -2667.4 

-3029.9 -2606.8 

-3027.8 -2546.5 

-3025.6 -2486.5 

-3033.8 -2426.0 

-3031.1 -2365.3 

-3125.0 -2302.4 

-3121.1 -2234.0 

Boiling T 

Molar Vol. 

C• 4.741E+05 

499.40 

496.13 

364.22 

285.01 

232.21 

194.52 

166.27 

144.31 

126.72 

112.32 

100.22 

89.76 

K 

kJ 

6.040 J•bar·• 

60.40 cm3 

7/31/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 357 

ACMITE Formula wt 231.004 

NaFeSi206: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1300 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-&~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T AfRO AfGO Log J(f 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 169.88 170.57 o.oo 170.57 -2584.5 -2417.2 423.48 

300 170.58 171.62 1.05 170.57 -2584.5 -2416.2 420.69 

400 197.52 224.81 47.17 177.64 -2587.4 -2359.8 308.15 

500 213.32 270.70 78.93 191.78 -2586.4 -2303.0 240.59 

600 224.73 310.65 102.32 208.33 -2584.9 -2246.4 195.57 

700 234.07 346.01 120.49 225.52 -2582.9 -2190.2 163.43 

800 242.31 377.81 135.21 242.60 -2580.6 -2134.3 139.35 

900 249.91 406.80 147.54 259.26 -2578.2 -2078.6 120.64 

1000 257.10 433.50 158.13 275.37 -2576.2 -2023.2 105.68 

1100 264.04 458.33 167.45 290.88 -2574.5 -1968.0 93.45 

1200 270.80 481.60 175.78 305.82 -2668.5 -1910.5 83.16 

1300 277.44 503.54 183.35 320.19 -2662.8 -1847.6 74.24 

Melting T J( Boiling T J( 

A_,HO kJ 

A,_Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 6.460 J•bar·1 

&~ 98-H& 26.94 kJ 64.60 cm3 

A• -2.587E+03 B• 5.648E-01 C• 9.860E+04 

7/31/92 
358 

TREMOLITB 

Temp. 

I( 

298.15 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1000 

Melting T 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

J•mol-1 ·x-1 

655.44 548.90 0.00 548.90 

657.85 552.96 4.05 548.91 

774.71 759.08 182.86 576.22 

850.48 940.81 309.46 631.36 

895.82 1100.21 403.71 696.50 

926.86 1240.73 476.31 764.42 

956.04 1366.36 534.42 831.94 

992.18 1480.95 583.18 897.77 

1041.58 1587.91 626.42 961.49 

kJ 

97.63 kJ 

A• -1.2281:+04 B• 2.4051:+00 

Formula wt 812.366 

FORMATION PROM TBB BLBMBN'l'S 

A tHO AtGO Log J(f 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-12303.0 -11574.6 2027.77 

-12303.1 -11570.0 2014.47 

-12304.7 -11325.2 1478.89 

-12299.8 -11080.8 1157.59 

-12292.0 -10837.7 943.48 

-12283.0 -10596.1 790.67 

-12275.3 -10355.5 676.13 

-12265.0 -10116.1 587.11 

-12295.7 -9874.4 515.78 

Boiling T I( 

A.,Jlo kJ 

Molar Vol. 27.290 J•bar·• 

272.90 cm3 

C• -1.241:+06 

7/31/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 359 

GRONERITE Formula wt 1001.614 

Fe7si8o22 (0H) 2 : Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 900 K. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-&~ 98 )/T -(GT-&~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 681.08 725.00 0.00 725.00 

300 683.99 729.22 4.21 725.01 

400 798.99 943.37 189.94 753.43 

500 871.66 1129.92 319.42 810.50 

600 927.67 1293.95 416.28 877.68 

700 975.82 1440.64 492.84 947.80 

800 1019.77 1573.85 555.99 1017.86 

900 1061.29 1696.37 609.84 1086.53 

Melting T 

kJ 

kJ 

A• -9.590E+03 B• 2.154E+OO 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Afso AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-9623.0 -8964.8 1570.56 

-9623.1 -8960.7 1560.17 

-9622.2 -8739.9 1141.28 

-9616.4 -8519.9 890.05 

-9607.7 -8301.4 722.68 

-9597.4 -8084.5 603.26 

-9586.0 -7869.1 513.79 

-9574.5 -7655.1 444.28 

Boiling T K 

A,Jio kJ 

Molar Vol. 27.870 J•bar·1 

278.70 cm3 

C= -1.52E+06 

9/18/92 
360 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ANTHOPHYLLITE Formula wt 780.820 

Mg7si8o22 (0H) 2 : Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1200 K. 

FORMATION PROM THB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-&~ 98 )/T -(GT-&~ 98 )/T A tHO AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 664.02 534.50 o.oo 534.50 -12070.0 -11343.4 1987.26 

300 667.12 538.62 4.10 534.51 -12070.1 -11338.8 1974.22 

400 788.45 748.97 186.60 562.37 -12070.0 -11094.9 1448.81 

500 859.43 933.12 314.60 618.53 -12063.8 -10851.7 1133.64 

600 907.21 1094.29 409.61 684.68 -12054.7 -10610.1 923.67 

700 942.29 1236.89 483.32 753.58 -12043.9 -10370.2 773.82 

800 969.58 1364.57 542.46 822.11 -12032.2 -10131.9 661.53 

900 991.72 1480.09 591.19 888.90 -12020.3 -9895.0 574.28 

1000 1010.24 1585.56 632.19 953.37 -12068.5 -9654.6 504.29 

1100 1026.11 1682.61 667.30 1015.31 -12057.1 -9413.7 447.01 

1200 1039.97 1772.50 697.79 1074.71 -12045.0 -9174.0 399.32 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A.,..,Ho kJ 

Aa.&o kJ 

Molar Vol. 26.540 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-aa 96.78 kJ 265.40 cm3 

A• -1.204E+04 B• 2.389E+OO C• -1.29E+06 

4/5/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 361 

GLAUCOPHANE Formula wt 783.543 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

I( J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 645.48 541.20 o.oo 541.20 -11964.0 -11230.8 1967.54 

300 647.73 545.20 3.99 541.21 -11964.1 -11226.2 1954.61 

400 750.28 746.42 178.46 567.95 -11973.3 -10979.0 1433.68 

500 823.97 922.19 300.59 621.60 -11971.7 -10730.6 1120.99 

600 878.30 1077.46 392.56 684.89 -11966.2 -10482.8 912.59 

700 919.33 1216.07 465.02 751.05 -11958.0 -10236.2 763.82 

800 950.88 1340.98 523.86 817.12 -11948.3 -9990.9 652.32 

900 975.41 1454.45 572.73 881.73 -11937.7 -9746.8 565.68 

1000 994.60 1558.26 613.99 944.26 -11973.7 -9500.4 496.24 

1100 1009.62 1653.79 649.31 1004.48 -11962.3 -9253.5 439.40 

1200 1021.32 1742.16 679.84 1062.32 -12144.0 -9003.0 391.88 

Melting T I( Boiling T I( 

vo kJ 

AuH0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 26.210 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 95.62 kJ 262.10 cm3 

A= -1.196E+04 B= 2.462E+OO C• -4.11E+05 

8/5/92 
362 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ANORTHITE Pormula wt 278.207 

CaA12si2o8 : Triclinic (Pl) crystals 298.15 to 510 K: triclinic (I1) crystals 510 to melting 

point 1830 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (BT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO 'tGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 211.34 199.30 o.oo 199.30 -4234.0 -4007.9 702.15 

300 212.23 200.61 1.31 199.30 -4234.0 -4006.5 697.57 

400 248.25 267.09 58.96 208.12 -4234.6 -3930.5 513.25 

500 270.17 325.01 99.17 225.84 -4233.4 -3854.5 402.67 

600 285.13 375.67 128.98 246.68 -4231.4 -3778.9 328.98 

700 296.26 420.49 152.12 268.37 -4229.1 -3703.7 276.37 

800 305.17 460.65 170.71 289.94 -4227.5 -3628.7 236.93 

900 312.78 497.04 186.08 310.96 -4225.2 -3554.0 206.27 

1000 319.67 530.36 199.10 331.26 -4244.3 -3478.1 181.67 

1100 326.21 ,561.13 210.36 350.78 -4241.8 -3401.6 161.52 

1200 332.67 589.80 220.28 369.51 -4246.9 -3324.7 144.72 

1300 339.23 616.68 229.18 387.50 -4243.0 -3248.0 130.50 

1400 346.03 642.07 237.28 404.79 -4238.6 -3171.7 118.33 

1500 353.18 666.18 244.77 421.42 -4233.8 -3095.6 107.79 

1600 360.75 689.22 251.78 437.44 -4228.4 -3019.9 98.59 

1700 368.81 711.33 258.42 452.90 -4322.7 -2943.6 90.44 

1800 377.41 732.65 264.79 467.86 -4464.2 -2860.5 83.01 

Melting T 1830 K Boiling T K 

A.,.Jio kJ 

A1111B0 133.0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 10. 079 J • bar·1 

H~ 98-H& 33.33 kJ 100.79 cm3 

A• -4.240E+03 B• 7.634E-01 C• 4.945E+05 

7/30/92 
Temp. 

K 

298.15 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1000 

1100 

1200 

1300 

1400 

1500 

Melting T 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 363 

co 

p ST (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T 

J•mol-1 ·tt-1 

210.65 237.30 o.oo 237.30 

211.54 238.61 1.30 237.30 

247.44 304.86 58.76 246.09 

269.96 362.65 98.89 263.76 

286.17 413.37 128.82 284.55 

298.89 458.48 152.24 306.24 

309.44 499.09 171.25 327.85 

318.53 536.08 187.12 348.96 

326.59 570.06 200.67 369.39 

333.90 601.54 212.45 389.08 

340.62 630.88 222.86 408.03 

346.89 658.40 232.16 426.24 

352.80 684.33 240.57 443.76 

358.41 708.86 248.24 460.62 

kJ 

33.15 kJ 

A• -4.164E+03 B• 7.199E-01 

Pormula wt 278.207 

PORMATION PROM THE BLBMBNTS 

AfHO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-4163.2 -3948.4 

-4163.2 -3947.1 

-4163.9 -3874.9 

-4162.7 -3802.7 

-4160.7 -3730.9 

-4158.2 -3659.4 

-4156.3 -3588.3 

-4153.5 -3517.4 

-4171.9 -3445.4 

-4168.7 -3372.9 

-4173.0 -3300.1 

-4168.3 -3227.5 

-4163.2 -3155.4 

-4157.8 -3083.6 

Boiling T 

Molar Vol. 

C• 1.2078+05 

Log It£ 

691.73 

687.23 

505.99 

397.26 

324.79 

273.06 

234.28 

204.14 

179.97 

160.16 

143.65 

129.68 

117.73 

107.38 

K 

kJ 

10.30 J•bar"1 

103.0 cm3 

9/16/92 
364 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

BICCHULITB Pormula wt 292.216 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO 'tGO Log xf 

X J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 240.87 213.10 o.oo 213.10 -4341.2 -4073.0 713.56 

300 241.81 214.59 1.49 213.10 -4341.2 -4071.4 708.87 

400 277.62 289.63 66.54 223.09 -4342.2 -3981.2 519.88 

500 298.60 353.99 111.00 243.00 -4341.6 -3891.0 406.48 

600 313.75 409.83 143.58 266.25 -4340.3 -3801.0 330.90 

700 326.14 459.15 168.80 290.36 -4338.6 -3711.3 276.93 

800 337.06 503.43 189.16 314.27 -4338.6 -3621.5 236.46 

900 347.12 543.71 206.16 337.56 -4336.9 -3532.0 204.99 

1000 356.66 580.78 220.73 360.05 -4356.6 -3441.2 179.74 

1100 365.85 615.21 233.51 381.70 -4354.8 -3349.7 159.06 

1200 374.80 647.43 244.91 402.52 -4368.4 -3257.2 141.78 

1300 383.59 677.78 255.24 422.53 -4364.0 -3164.7 127.16 

1400 392.26 706.52 264.72 441.80 -4359.1 -3072.7 114.64 

1500 400.84 733.88 273.51 460.37 -4353.3 -2981.0 103.80 

1600 409.35 760.02 281.73 478.29 -4347.0 -2889.7 94.34 

1700 417.80 785.09 289.49 495.60 -4390.2 -2798.3 85.98 

1800 426.22 809.21 296.85 512.36 -4679.6 -2700.6 78.37 

Melting T X Boiling T X 

Aw.,Ho kJ 

A._HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 10.368 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& kJ 103.68 cm3 

A• -4.3568+03 B• 9.167E-01 C• 9.910E+05 

7/30/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 365 

MEIONITB (Al/Si ORDERED) Formula wt 934.709 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Bf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Loq Kf 

It J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 709.51 715.20 0.00 715.20 -13881.4 -13131.8 2300.58 

300 713.05 719.60 4.39 715.21 -13881.5 -13127.1 2285.58 

400 844.29 945.01 199.95 745.06 -13882.2 -12875.3 1681.30 

500 915.47 1141.70 336.51 805.18 -13877.0 -12624.1 1318.80 

600 963.02 1313.04 437.18 875.86 -13869.8 -12374.1 1077.24 

700 999.41 1464.33 514.99 949.33 -13861.6 -12125.5 904.80 

800 1029.84 1599.81 577.49 1022.32 -13856.8 -11877.6 775.51 

900 1056.82 1722.70 629.28 1093.42 -13848.8 -11630.7 675.01 

1000 1081.65 1835.34 673.29 1162.05 -13905.1 -11380.3 594.43 

1100 1105.08 1939.54 711.49 1228.06 -13896.8 -11128.1 528.42 

1200 1127.55 2036.67 745.23 1291.44 -13919.2 -10874.3 473.33 

Melting T It Boiling T J( 

A.,J,O kJ 

A,..Bo kJ 

Molar Vol. 34.036 J•bar·1 

8~ 98-B& kJ 340.36 cm3 

A• -1.387B+04 B• 2.495E+OO C• -2.94E+OS 

7/30/92 
366 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MICROCLINE Formula wt 278.332 

KAlsi3o8 : Triclinic crystals 298.15 to 1400 K. 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 202.13 214.20 o.oo 214.20 

300 202.85 215.45 1.25 214.20 

400 236.27 278.64 56.05 222.59 

500 259.96 334.06 94.60 239.46 

600 276.64 383.02 123.63 259.39 

700 288.65 426.62 146.39 280.22 

800 297.58 465.77 164.76 301.01 

900 304.51 501.23 179.91 321.32 

1000 310.21 533.62 192.67 340.95 

1100 315.20 563.42 203.58 359.84 

1200 319.89 591.05 213.08 377.97 

1300 324.56 616.84 221.48 395.37 

1400 329.45 641.07 229.01 412.06 

Melting T 

kJ 

33.99 kJ 

A• -4.002B+03 B• 7.941E-01 

PORMATIOH PROM THB BLBMBHTS 

A tHO AtGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-3974.6 -3749.3 656.84 

-3974.7 -3747.9 652.54 

-3978.8 -3671.5 479.44 

-3978.7 -3594.6 375.52 

-3977.4 -3517.9 306.25 

-3975.3 -3441.5 256.80 

-3972.8 -3365.4 219.73 

-3970.2 -3289.6 190.92 

-3978.0 -3213.4 167.85 

-4054.0 -3132.5 148.74 

-4049.7 -3048.9 132.71 

-4045.3 -2965.7 119.16 

-4040.7 -2882.8 107.56 

Boiling T J( 

AwpBO kJ 

Molar Vol. 10.872 J•bar·• 

108.72 cm3 

C• 1.562E+06 

7/30/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 367 

SANIDINE Formula wt 278.332 

KAlSi309: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1400 K. 

FORMATION PROM THB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 204.55 232.80 o.oo 232.80 -3965.6 -3745.8 656.23 

300 205.29 234.07 1.26 232.80 -3965.6 -3744.4 651.95 

400 238.98 298.03 56.74 241.30 -3969.5 -3670.0 479.24 

500 262.28 354.02 95.66 258.36 -3969.2 -3595.1 375.57 

600 278.65 403.37 124.87 278.50 -3967.7 -3520.4 306.47 

700 290.48 447.26 147.73 299.54 -3965.4 -3446.0 257.14 

800 299.30 486.65 166.15 320.51 -3962.7 -3372.0 220.16 

900 306.15 522.32 181.34 340.98 -3959.9 -3298.3 191.42 

1000 311.72 554.87 194.11 360.76 -3967.6 -3224.2 168.41 

1100 316.51 584.81 205.02 379.79 -4043.4 -3145.4 149.36 

1200 320.85 612.54 214.49 398.04 -4039.0 -3064.0 133.37 

1300 325.03 638.39 222.84 415.55 -4034.5 -2982.9 119.85 

1400 329.24 662.63 230.29 432.34 -4029.9 -2902.2 108.28 

Melting T 1473 K Boiling T K 

A_,HO kJ 

A~O kJ 

Molar Vol. 10.905 J•bar·1 

H~98-H& 34.02 kJ 109.05 cm3 

A• -3.9918+03 B• 7.728E-01 C• 1.497E+06 

5/12/93 
368 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

KA1Si3o8-GLASS Formula wt 278.332 

KA1Si3o8 : Glass 298.15 to 1300 K. 

FORMATION FROM TBB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T A tHO AtGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 209.41 261.60 o.oo 261.60 -3920.8 -3709.6 649.89 

300 210.18 262.90 1.29 261.60 -3920.8 -3708.3 645.65 

400 244.32 328.36 58.06 270.30 -3924.2 -3636.8 474.90 

500 267.66 385.54 97.79 287.75 -3923.3 -3565.0 372.42 

600 283.99 435.87 127.54 308.33 -3921.3 -3493.5 304.13 

700 295.65 480.57 150.77 329.81 -3918.5 -3422.4 255.38 

800 304.11 520.63 169.43 351.20 -3915.3 -3351.7 218.84 

900 310.30 556.83 184.76 372.07 -3912.0 -3281.5 190.45 

1000 314.88 589.77 197.55 392.22 -3919.3 -3210.9 167.72 

1100 318.26 619.95 208.38 411.57 -3994.9 -3135.6 148.89 

1200 320.78 647.75 217.65 430.11 -3990.4 -3057.7 133.09 

1300 322.67 673.51 225.66 447.85 -3986.0 -2980.1 119.74 

Melting T I( Boiling T I( 

AwJIO kJ 

A1111H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 11.650 J•bar·• 

H~98-H6 34.88 kJ 116.50 cm3 

A• -3.937B+03 8• 7.307E-01 C• 9.138E+05 

9/16/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 369 

KALIOPHILLITE (KALSILITE) Formula wt 158.163 

KAlSi04: Hexagonal crystals 298.15 to 810 K. High kaliophillite 810 to 1800 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHo At<Jo Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 119.70 133.26 0.00 133.26 -2124.7 -2008.8 351.92 

300 120.07 134.00 0.74 133.26 -2124.7 -2008.1 349.62 

400 137.03 170.98 32.79 138.19 -2127.9 -1968.6 257.06 

500 150.35 203.04 55.02 148.02 -2127.6 -1928.8 201.49 

600 161.63 231.47 71.87 159.61 -2126.5 -1889.1 164.46 

700 171.63 257.15 85.42 171.74 -2124.6 -1849.7 138.02 

800 180.76 280.68 96.77 183.90 -2122.1 -1810.5 118.21 

900 177.65 303.87 106.26 197.61 -2119.4 -1773.3 102.92 

1000 177.65 322.58 113.39 209.19 -2128.1 -1734.2 90.59 

1100 177.65 339.52 119.23 220.29 -2205.2 -1690.3 80.27 

1200 177.65 354.97 124.10 230.87 -2202.5 -1643.6 71.54 

1300 177.65 369.19 128.22 240.97 -2199.9 -1597.2 64.17 

1400 177.65 382.36 131.75 250.61 -2197.4 -1550.9 57.87 

1500 177.65 394.61 134.81 259.80 -2195.0 -1504.8 52.40 

1600 177.65 406.08 137.49 268.59 -2192.7 -1458.9 47.63 

1700 177.65 416.85 139.85 277.00 -2240.7 -1412.6 43.40 

1800 177.65 427.00 141.95 285.05 -2238.3 -1364.0 39.58 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,HO kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.959 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& kJ 59.89 CID3 

A= -2.170E+03 B= 4.426E-01 C= 2.954E+06 

1/12/94 
370 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

LEUCITE Formula wt 218.247 

KA1Si2o6 : Tetragonal crystals 298.15 to 955 K. Cubic crystals 955 to melting point 1959 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8398)/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 164.11 200.20 o.oo 200.20 -3037.8 -2875.1 503.69 

300 164.65 201.22 1.01 200.20 -3037.8 -2874.0 500.40 

400 188.61 252.08 45.11 206.98 -3041.2 -2818.8 368.09 

500 206.91 296.20 75.69 220.50 -3040.9 -2763.2 288.67 

600 222.99 335.36 98.92 236.44 -3039.4 -2707.8 235.73 

700 238.01 370.87 117.73 253.15 -3036.8 -2652.8 197.95 

800 252.48 403.61 133.67 269.93 -3033.3 -2598.1 169.63 

900 266.62 434.16 147.66 286.50 -3028.8 -2544.0 147.64 

1000 236.40 462.95 160.23 302.72 -3034.0 -2489.6 130.04 

1100 237.04 484.04 165.82 318.22 -3112.9 -2430.5 115 .. 41 

1200 238.18 504.71 171.80 332.91 -3110.4 -2368.6 103.10 

1300 239.69 523.83 176.96 346.87 -3108.0 -2306.9 92.69 

1400 241.46 541.66 181.51 360.15 -3105.6 -2245.4 83.77 

1500 243.42 558.39 185.57 372.82 -3103.2 -2184.0 76.05 

1600 245.53 574.16 189.25 384.91 -3100.8 -2122.8 69.30 

1700 247.74 589.11 192.62 396.49 -3198.6 -2060.8 63.32 

1800 250.05 603.34 195.75 407.59 -3195.6 -1994.0 57.86 

Melting T 1959 K Boiling T K 

Aw,Ho kJ 

Ag&O kJ 

Molar Vol. 8.827 J•bar·1 

a~98-aa kJ 88.27 cm3 

A• -3.082E+03 8= 5.979E-01 C= 2.833E+06 

1/12/94 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 371 

EUCRYPTITE Formula wt 126.006 

LiA1Si04 : a-eucryptite 298.15 to 1300 It. P-eucryptite 1300 to 1600 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (Ht-H~ 98 )/T -(Gt-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

It J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 113.30 103.80 o.oo 103.80 -2123.3 -2009.2 352.00 

300 113.85 104.50 0.70 103.80 -2123.3 -2008.5 349.70 

400 136.04 140.59 32.02 108.57 -2123.9 -1970.1 257.26 

500 149.80 172.53 54.29 118.24 -2126.5 -1931.4 201.76 

600 159.40 200.73 71.05 129.68 -2125.4 -1892.4 164.75 

700 166.58 225.87 84.21 141.66 -2123.9 -1853.7 138.32 

800 172.22 248.49 94.87 153.62 -2122.0 -1815.2 118.52 

900 176.81 269.05 103.73 165.32 -2119.9 -1777.0 103.13 

1000 180.63 287.88 111.23 176.65 -2128.4 -1738.3 90.80 

1100 183.88 305.26 117.69 187.56 -2125.9 -1699.4 80.70 

1200 186.69 321.38 123.33 198.05 -2123.2 -1660.7 72.29 

1300 189.16 336.42 128.30 208.12 -2120.3 -1622.3 65.18 

1400 191.34 350.52 132.73 217.80 -2117.4 -1584.2 59.10 

1500 193.29 363.79 136.70 227.09 -2114.3 -1546.2 53.84 

1600 195.05 376.32 140.29 236.03 -2111.1 -1508.4 49.24 

Melting T 1670 It Boiling T It 

A..,Ho kJ 

A..So kJ 

Molar Vol. 5.363 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& kJ 53.63 cm3 

A= -2.123E+03 B• 3.846E-01 C• -1.10E+05 

9/16/92 
372 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

PETALITE Formula wt 306.259 

LiAlsi4o10: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 1300 K. Petalite decomposes above about 1100 K. 

Temp. co 

p Si- (Hi--H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 245.30 233.20 o.oo 233.20 

300 246.32 234.72 1.52 233.20 

400 292.33 312.31 68.84 243.47 

500 323.66 381.13 116.87 264.26 

600 345.43 442.18 153.25 288.92 

700 360.93 496.65 181.87 314.78 

800 372.26 545.63 205.00 340.63 

900 380.77 589.99 224.08 365.91 

1000 387.40 630.46 240.09 390.37 

1100 392.77 667.64 253.73 413.91 

1200 397.36 702.02 265.52 436.50 

1300 401.52 733.99 275.82 458.17 

Melting T 

kJ 

38.31 kJ 

A= -4.879E+03 B= 9.174E-01 

FORMATION FROM THB ELBMBNTS 

A tHO AtGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-4886.5 -4610.7 807.75 

-4886.6 -4608.9 802.47 

-4887.9 -4516.1 589.73 

-4889.9 -4422.9 462.05 

-4887.5 -4329.8 376.93 

-4884.0 -4237.1 316.17 

-4879.9 -4144.9 270.63 

-4875.5 -4053.3 235.24 

-4881.6 -3961.5 206.92 

-4876.8 -3869.7 183.75 

-4871.9 -3778.3 164.46 

-4866.9 -3687.4 148.16 

Boiling T K 

~0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 12. 840 J • bar·1 

128.40 cm3 

C= -5.17E+OS 

8/7/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 373 

ALBITE Formula wt 262.223 

NaAlSi3o8 : Triclinic crystals 298.15 to 1400 K. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 205.07 207.40 o.oo 207.40 

300 205.84 208.67 1.27 207.40 

400 239.68 272.86 56.93 215.93 

500 262.58 328.96 95.91 233.05 

600 278.77 378.34 125.11 253.23 

700 290.66 422.25 147.95 274.30 

800 299.66 461.68 166.38 295.30 

900 306.68 497.39 181.59 315.80 

1000 312.30 530.01 194.39 335.61 

1100 316.95 560.00 205.33 354.67 

1200 320.92 587.75 214.80 372.95 

1300 324.41 613.58 223.10 390.48 

1400 327.61 637.74 230.45 407.28 

Melting T 

kJ 

33.45 kJ 

A• -3.949B+03 B• 7.694E-01 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBMBNTS 

Afao AfGO Loq Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-3935.0 -3711.6 650.24 

-3935.0 -3710.2 645.98 

-3939.0 -3634.8 474.64 

-3938.6 -3558.7 371.77 

-3937.1 -3482.9 303.20 

-3934.7 -3407.4 254.26 

-3931.9 -3332.2 217.57 

-3929.0 -3257.4 189.05 

-3936.5 -3182.2 166.22 

-3933.1 -3107.0 147.53 

-4026.3 -3029.6 131.87 

-4021.9 -2946.7 118.40 

-4017.4 -2864.2 106.86 

Boiling T K 

AvrJIO kJ 

Molar Vol. 10. 007 J • bar"1 

100.07 cm3 

C• 7.970E+05 

8/7/92 
374 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ANALBITE Formula wt 262.223 

NaAlsi3o8 : Triclinic crystals 298.15 to 1400 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 204.81 225.60 o.oo 225.60 -3923.6 -3705.6 649.19 

300 205.57 226.87 1.27 225.60 -3923.6 -3704.2 644.95 

400 239.71 290.99 56.87 234.11 -3927.6 -3630.6 474.10 

500 263.29 347.17 95.94 251.23 -3927.2 -3556.4 371.53 

600 279.83 396.72 125.29 271.43 -3925.5 -3482.4 303.16 

700 291.73 440.80 148.26 292.54 -3923.1 -3408.7 254.36 

800 300.49 480.35 166.77 313.58 -3920.2 -3335.4 217.78 

900 307.13 516.15 182.01 334.13 -3917.2 -3262.5 189.35 

1000 312.30 548.78 194.79 353.99 -3924.7 -3189.2 166.58 

1100 316.50 578.75 205.67 373.08 -3921.3 -3115.8 147.95 

1200 320.06 606.45 215.06 391.39 -4014.6 -3040.3 132.34 

1300 323.25 632.19 223.26 408.93 -4010.3 -2959.3 118.90 

1400 326.24 656.26 230.51 425.75 -4005.9 -2878.6 107.40 

Melting T 1391 K Boiling T K 

A..,Ho kJ 

A~o kJ 

Molar Vol. 10. 043 J • bar·1 

a~98-aa 33.42 kJ 100.43 cm3 

A= -3.937B+03 B• 7.507E-01 C• 7.781E+05 

8/7/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 375 

Formula wt 262.223 

NaAlsi3o8 : Glass 298.15 to 1200 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 209.90 251.90 o.oo 251.90 -3875.5 -3665.3 642.14 

300 210.68 253.20 1.30 251.90 -3875.5 -3664.0 637.95 

400 246.12 318.98 58.35 260.63 -3878.9 -3593.1 469.21 

500 270.03 376.65 98.45 278.19 -3877.8 -3521.8 367.91 

600 286.40 427.42 128.49 298.92 -3875.5 -3450.8 300.41 

700 298.28 472.50 151.94 320.56 -3872.4 -3380.3 252.23 

800 307.73 512.96 170.84 342.12 -3868.9 -3310.2 216.13 

900 316.09 549.70 186.52 363.18 -3865.0 -3240.6 188.07 

1000 324.30 583.42 199.89 383.54 -3871.5 -3170.7 165.61 

1100 333.04 614.74 211.59 403.15 -3866.7 -3100.8 147.24 

1200 342.78 644.12 222.11 422.02 -3958.1 -3029.0 131.84 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

Aw.,Ho kJ 

A._ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 11.010 J•bar·1 

H~98-H6 34.17 kJ 110.10 CID3 

A• -3.871E+03 8• 7.012E-01 C• -3.14E+05 

12/9/92 
376 

NEPHELINE 

NaA1Si04 : 

Temp. 

I( 

298.15 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1000 

1100 

1200 

1300 

1400 

1500 

Melting T 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

Formula wt 142.054 

Orthorhombic(?) crystals 298.15 to 467 K. Hexagonal crystals 467 to 1180 K. 

Orthorhombic crystals 1180 to 1521 K. Carnegieite is the stable phase of 

NaA1Sio4 between 1521 and 1799 K. 

co 

p ST (HT-8~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T 

J•mol-1·K-1 

115.81 124.35 0.00 124.35 

116.36 125.12 0.72 124.40 

145.90 161.59 32.37 129.22 

145.64 196.36 52.55 143.81 

152.36 223.80 72.66 151.14 

159.07 247.82 84.58 163.24 

165.78 269.33 94.14 175.19 

172.49 288.91 102.13 186.77 

179.20 306.86 108.99 197.86 

185.91 324.09 115.51 208.58 

178.62 341.12 122.21 218.92 

179.18 355.47 126.58 228.89 

179.73 368.78 130.36 238.42 

180.28 381.20 133.66 247.54 

kJ 

kJ 

A• -2.118E+03 B• 4.188E-01 

FORMATION PROM THE ELBMENTS 

Afao AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-2090.4 -1975.8 

-2090.4 -1975.0 

-2093.5 -1936.3 

-2094.7 -1899.3 

-2091.8 -1858.0 

-2091.0 -1819.0 

-2089.9 -1780.3 

-2088.7 -1741.6 

-2098.0 -1702.4 

-2095.7 -1662.9 

-2188.8 -1621.3 

-2186.0 -1574.1 

-2183.4 -1527.2 

-2180.7 -1480.4 

Boiling T 

AwJIO 

Molar Vol. 

c- 1.718E+06 

346.14 

343.88 

252.84 

198.41 

161.75 

135.73 

116.24 

101.08 

88.92 

78.96 

70.57 

63.25 

56.98 

51.55 

kJ 

5.419 J•bar·• 

54.19 cm3 

8/7/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 377 

CARNEGIEITE Formula wt 142.054 

NaA1Si04: Triclinic crystal• 298.15 to 966 K; cubic crystals 966 to melting point 1799 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 119.26 118.70 0.00 118.70 -2089.3 -1973.0 345.65 

300 119.69 119.44 0.74 118.70 -2089.3 -1972.2 343.39 

400 138.01 156.58 32.94 123.64 -2092.5 -1932.9 252.41 

500 151.11 188.84 55.31 133.53 -2092.2 -1893.0 197.76 

600 162.14 217.39 72.22 145.17 -2091.0 -1853.3 161.34 

700 172.21 243.15 85.79 157.36 -2089.0 -1813.8 135.35 

800 181.77 266.77 97.19 169.58 -2086.4 -1774.7 115.87 

900 191.02 288.71 107.11 181.60 -2083.1 -1735.9 100.75 

1000 181.15 317.40 123.78 193.62 -2082.1 -1697.0 88.64 

1100 184.03 334.80 129.13 205.67 -2079.6 -1658.6 78.76 

1200 186.92 350.94 133.82 217.12 -2173.7 -1618.1 70.43 

1300 189.80 366.01 138.02 227.99 -2170.0 -1571.9 63.16 

1400 192.68 380.18 141.82 238.36 -2166.2 -1526.0 56.94 

1500 195.57 393.57 145.31 248.26 -2162.1 -1480.4 51.55 

1600 198.45 406.29 148.54 257.75 -2157.9 -1435.1 46.85 

1700 201.33 418.40 151.56 266.84 -2203.7 -1389.6 42.70 

1800 204.21 429.99 154.40 275.59 -2198.8 -1341.9 38.94 

Melting T 1799 K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

Aa.H0 21.7 kJ 

Molar Vol. 5. 603 J• bar·• 

H~98-HB 19.45 kJ 56.03 cm3 

A= -2.122E+03 B= 4.276E-01 C= 2.200E+06 

1/12/94 
378 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

NaA1Si04-GLASS Formula wt 142.054 

NaA1Sio4 : Glass-liquid 298.15 to glass transition 1000 K. 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Bf-B~ 98 )/T -(Gf-B~ 98 )/T 

K J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 121.03 134.50 o.oo 134.50 

300 121.47 135.25 0.75 134.50 

400 140.22 172.98 33.46 139.52 

500 152.09 205.64 56.09 149.55 

600 159.90 234.11 72.78 161.33 

700 165.10 259.17 85.62 173.55 

800 168.50 281.46 95.79 185.67 

900 170.60 301.44 103.99 197.45 

1000 171.73 319.48 110.72 208.76 

Melting T 

kJ 

19.99 kJ 

A= -2.089B+03 B= 3.771E-01 

FORMATION PROM THE BLBMBNTS 

AfRO AfGO 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-2089.0 -1977.4 

-2089.0 -1976.7 

-2092.0 -1939.0 

-2091.5 -1900.7 

-2090.3 -1862.7 

-2088.8 -1824.9 

-2087.2 -1787.2 

-2085.7 -1749.8 

-2094.9 -1711.9 

Boiling T 

AwJIO 

Molar Vol. 

c- -9.27E+04 

Log Kf 

346.42 

344.17 

253.20 

198.56 

162.16 

136.17 

116.69 

101.56 

89.42 

kJ 

5.686 J•bar"1 

56.86 cm3 

9/16/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 379 

ANALCIME Formula wt 220 .154 

NaAlsi2o6 ·a2o: CUbic crystals 298.15 to 800 K. Analcime starts to lose H2o above 500 K. 

FORMATION FROM THE ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 212.23 227.70 0.00 227.70 -3310.1 -3090.0 541.33 

300 212.68 229.01 1.31 227.70 -3310.1 -3088.6 537.76 

400 237.19 293.54 57.20 236.34 -3313.3 -3014.4 393.63 

500 262.19 349.14 95.69 253.45 -3312.2 -2939.8 307.11 

600 287.38 399.17 125.54 273.63 -3309.3 -2865.5 249.46 

700 312.66 445.37 150.47 294.90 -3304.3 -2792.0 208.33 

800 337.99 488.77 172.32 316.45 -3297.3 -2719.2 177.54 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A..,JJO kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 9. 680 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-H& 35.74 kJ 96.80 cm3 

A= -3.3061:+03 B• 7.344E-01 C• -2.83E+05 

5/12/93 
380 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

DEHYDRATED ANALCIME Formula.wt 202.139 

NaAlSi2o6 : Cubic crystals 298.15 to 1000 x. 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log Xf 

X J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 163.05 172.50 0.00 172.50 -2983.1 -2816.0 493.35 

300 163.85 173.51 1.01 172.50 -2983.1 -2815.0 490.12 

400 194.89 225.37 46.01 179.36 -2986.3 -2758.6 360.23 

500 213.59 271.00 77.77 193.23 -2985.3 -2701.8 282.25 

600 227.43 311.21 101.60 209.61 -2983.2 -2645.3 230.29 

700 238.99 347.16 120.42 226.74 -2980.3 -2589.2 193.20 

800 249.32 379.76 135.90 243.86 -2976.8 -2533.5 165.42 

900 258.94 409.68 149.04 260.64 -2972.8 -2478.3 143.84 

1000 268.12 437.44 160.49 276.95 -2978.8 -2422.9 126.56 

Melting T X Boiling T X 

A_,Ho kJ 

AfiiiHO kJ 

Molar Vol. J•bar·1 

H~ 98-Ha 27.18 kJ cm3 

A= -2.978B+03 B= 5.560E-01 C= -3.36E+OS 

5/12/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 381 

DICKITE Formula wt 258.160 

FORMATION PROM TBB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Loq Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 239.56 197.10 0.00 197.10 -4118.5 -3796.0 665.04 

300 240.64 198.59 1.48 197.10 -4118.6 -3794.0 660.58 

400 287.65 274.77 67.60 207.17 -4120.4 -3685.5 481.26 

500 317.09 342.38 114.78 227.59 -4119.5 -3576.8 373.66 

600 334.95 401.91 150.12 251.79 -4117.2 -3468.5 301.95 

700 344.93 454.38 177.32 277.06 -4114.4 -3360.6 250.76 

800 349.32 500.78 198.59 302.19 -4111.7 -3253.1 212.40 

900 349.59 541.97 215.39 326.58 -4109.5 -3145.9 182.58 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,HO kJ 

Aa.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 9.856 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-H& kJ 98.56 cm3 

A= -4.113B+03 8= 1.075E+OO C= -3.31E+05 

7/29/92 
382 TIIERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

KAOLINITE Pormula wt 258.160 

Temp. co 

p Sf 

I{ 

298.15 243.37 200.40 

300 244.40 201.91 

400 289.53 278.90 

500 317.00 346.72 

600 333.50 406.10 

700 344.03 458.35 

800 351.92 504.82 

Melting T 

kJ 

35.75 kJ 

A• -4.115B+03 

(Hf-&~ 98 )/T -(GT-&~ 98 )/T 

J•mol-1 ·x-1 

o.oo 200.40 

1.50 200.40 

68.31 210.59 

115.53 231.19 

150.60 255.50 

177.53 280.82 

198.85 305.97 

B• 1.074E+OO 

PORMATION PROM TBB BLBMBNTS 

Afao AfGO Log :Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-4119.0 -3797.5 

-4119.1 -3795.5 

-4120.6 -3687.3 

-4119.6 -3579.1 

-4117.3 -3471.1 

-4114.5 -3363.7 

-4111.6 -3256.6 

Boiling T 

Molar Vol. 

C• -2.43E+05 

665.29 

660.84 

481.50 

373.89 

302.18 

251.00 

212.63 

kJ 

9.934 J•bar·• 

99.34 cm3 

7/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 383 

PYROPBYLLITB Formula wt 360.314 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Loq Kf 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 293.76 239.40 o.oo 239.40 -5640.0 -5266.1 922.58 

300 295.04 241.22 1.82 239.41 -5640.1 -5263.8 916.49 

400 349.70 334.18 82.47 251.71 -5641.8 -5138.0 670.94 

500 386.14 416.37 139.78 276.59 -5640.6 -5012.1 523.60 

600 412.51 489.22 183.14 306.08 -5637.5 -4886.7 425.42 

700 432.69 554.39 217.41 336.98 -5633.1 -4761.9 355.33 

800 448.83 613.25 245.36 367.89 -5628.0 -4637.8 302.81 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,HO kJ 

AaJio kJ 

Molar Vol. 12.81 J•bar·1 

H~ 98-Hf» 42.70 kJ 128.1 cm3 

A• -5.634B+03 B• 1.246E+OO C• -3.54E+05 

7/29/92 
384 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MARGARITE Formula wt 398.184 

FORMATION PROM TBB BLBMBHTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AtGO Log Kt 

It J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 323.41 263.60 o.oo 263.60 -6244.0 -5858.9 1026.43 

300 324.82 265.60 2.00 263.61 -6244.1 -5856.5 1019.68 

400 384.97 367.96 90.81 277.15 -6245.9 -5726.9 747.84 

500 424.42 458.38 153.83 304.55 -6244.5 -5597.2 584.73 

600 452.21 538.35 201.37 336.98 -6241.1 -5468.1 476.03 

700 472.69 609.68 238.74 370.94 -6236.7 -5339.6 398.44 

800 488.23 673.86 269.00 404.86 -6232.8 -5211.6 340.28 

900 500.23 732.08 294.05 438.03 -6228.0 -5084.3 295.08 

1000 509.60 785.29 315.16 470.14 -6265.9 -4954.5 258.79 

1100 516.96 834.22 333.18 501.04 -6260.8 -4823.6 229.05 

1200 522.74 879.46 348.75 530.71 -6263.4 -4692.5 204.26 

Melting T It Boiling T It 

Av.Jio kJ 

AaJio kJ 

Molar Vol. 12.963 J•bar-1 

H~ 98-H& 48.14 JcJ 129.63 cm3 

A• -6.243B+03 B• 1.291E+OO c- 6.216B+02 

7/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 385 

PRBBNITB Formula wt 412.384 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (8T-B~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~9 )/T Afao AfGO Loq l{f 

K J•mol-1 ·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 -

298.15 331.12 292.80 o.oo 292.80 -6202.6 -5824.7 1020.43 

300 332.41 294.85 2.05 292.81 -6202.7 -5822.3 1013.73 

400 389.19 398.83 92.23 306.60 -6203.7 -5695.3 743.71 

500 427.23 490.03 155.67 334.36 -6201.7 -5568.3 581.71 

600 453.51 570.39 203.25 367.14 -6198.0 -5442.0 473.76 

700 471.95 641.76 240.39 401.37 -6193.4 -5316.4 396.70 

800 484.90 705.68 270.20 435.48 -6190.4 -5191.2 338.94 

900 493.85 763.34 294.58 468.76 -6185.9 -5066.5 294.05 

1000 499.76 815.71 314.83 500.88 -6203.2 -4940.9 258.08 

1100 503.31 863.52 331.82 531.71 -6199.7 -4814.8 228.63 

1200 505.00 907.40 346.19 561.21 -6212.4 -4687.7 204.05 

Melting T 1{ Boiling T 1{ 

Aw.,Bo kJ 

A,..ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 14.110 J • bar·• 

s~98-B6 50.66 kJ 141.10 Clll3 

A• -6.1948+03 B• 1.255E+OO C• -3.99E+05 

5/14/92 
386 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

MUSCOVITE (Al/Si disordered) Formula wt 398.308 

FORMATION FROM THB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-H~ 98 )/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

J( J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 325.99 306.40 o.oo 306.40 -5974.8 -5598.8 980.86 

300 327.30 308.42 2.01 306.41 -5974.9 -5596.4 974.40 

400 385.47 411.09 91.08 320.01 -5979.1 -5469.5 714.22 

500 425.61 501.68 154.21 347.47 -5977.5 -5342.2 558.08 

600 454.37 581.96 201.96 379.99 -5973.8 -5215.4 454.03 

700 475.51 653.67 239.61 414.06 -5968.6 -5089.5 379 .• 77 

800 491.31 718.24 270.13 448.11 -5962.6 -4964.2 324.12 

900 503.20 776.83 295.40 481.43 -5956.4 -4839.8 280.89 

1000 512.13 830.33 316.64 513.69 -5981.9 -4713.9 246.22 

Melting T J( Boiling T J( 

A,..,Ho kJ 

Aa.H0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 14. 081 J • bar·• 

H~98-H6 49.41 kJ 140.81 cm3 

A= -5.966E+03 B• 1.253E+OO C= -5.87E+05 

7/15/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 387 

MUSCOVITB (Al/Si ordered) 

Temp. co 

p ST (Bf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T 

J( J•mol-1 ·K-1 

298.15 325.99 287.70 o.oo 287.70 

300 327.30 289.72 2.01 287.71 

400 385.47 392.39 91.08 301.31 

500 425.61 482.98 154.21 328.77 

600 454.37 563.26 201.96 361.29 

700 475.51 634.97 239.61 395.36 

800 491.31 699.54 270.13 429.41 

900 503.20 758.13 295.40 462.73 

1000 512.13 811.63 316.64 494.99 

Melting T 

kJ 

49.41 kJ 

A• -5.981B+03 B• 1.271E+OO 

Formula wt 398.308 

FORMATION FROM THB BLBMBNTS 

Afao AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-5990.0 -5608.4 982.55 

-5990.1 -5606.0 976.07 

-5994.3 -5477.2 715.23 

-5992.7 -5348.0 558.69 

-5989.0 -5219.4 454.38 

-5983.8 -5091.6 379.93 

-5977.8 -4964.5 324.14 

-5971.6 -4838.2 280.79 

-5997.1 -4710.4 246.04 

Boiling T 

Aw,Bo kJ 

Molar Vol. 14. 081 J • bar·• 

140.81 cm3 

C• -5.87E+05 

3/5/93 
388 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

ANNITB Formula wt 511.886 

FORMATION FROM THB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AtGO Log Kt 

K J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 390.32 415.00 o.oo 415.00 -5149.3 -4798.3 840.62 

300 391.81 417.42 2.41 415.01 -5149.3 -4796.1 835.06 

400 452.51 539.23 108.03 431.20 -5149.7 -4678.2 610.89 

500 491.34 644.64 181.04 463.60 -5144.8 -4560.7 476.45 

600 520.03 736.87 235.25 501.62 -5138.3 -4444.5 386.92 

700 543.12 818.82 277.63 541.19 -5130.7 -4329.5 323.06 

800 562.76 892.65 312.07 580.58 -5122.7 -4215.,6 275.24 

900 580.11 959.96 340.91 619.05 -5114.9 -4102.6 238.10 

1000 595.84 1021.90 365.63 656.28 -5119.0 -3989.8 208.40 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

Av.Jfo kJ 

A_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 15.43 J•bar·• 

H~ 98-aa kJ 154.3 cm3 

A= -5.1228+03 B= 1.135E+OO C= -1.31E+06 

7/29/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDMDUAL PHASES 389 

PHLOGOPITB (Al/Si Diaordered) 

Temp. co 

p ST <Hf-8~98)/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T 

1( J•mol-1 ·x-1 

298.15 354.65 334.60 o.oo 334.60 

300 355.97 336.80 2.19 334.61 

400 412.17 447.54 98.22 349.32 

500 448.48 543.69 164.88 378.80 

600 473.45 627.79 214.35 413.44 

700 491.23 702.19 252.70 449.48 

800 504.13 768.67 283.37 485.30 

900 513.53 828.62 308.45 520.17 

1000 520.33 883.10 329.31 553.78 

Melting T 

A,_Ho kJ 

54.08 kJ 

A= -6.222B+03 B= 1.273E+OO 

Formula wt 417.260 

FORMATION PROM THB BLBMBHTS 

Afao AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-6226.0 -5846.0 1024.18 

-6226.1 -5843.7 1017.45 

-6230.1 -5715.4 746.74 

-6228.8 -5586.8 583.64 

-6225.8 -5458.7 475.21 

-6221.8 -5331.2 397.81 

-6217.4 -5204.2 339.79 

-6213.1 -5077.8 294.70 

-6245.5 -4949.0 258.50 

Boiling T 

Aw,Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 14. 965 J • bar·1 

149.65 cm3 

C• -3.45B+05 

7/29/92 
390 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

PHLOGOPITB (Al/Si ordered) Pormula wt 417.260 

FORMATION PROM THB BLBMBNTS 

Tamp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T AfHO AfGO Log ICf 

IC J•mol-1 ·x-1 - kJ•mo1-1 --

298.15 354.65 315.90 0.00 315.90 -6246.0 -5860.5 1026.71 

300 355.97 318.10 2.19 315.91 -6246.1 -5858.1 1019.96 

400 412.17 428.84 98.22 330.62 -6250.1 -5727.9 747.97 

500 448.48 524.99 164.88 360.10 -6248.8 -5597.5 584.75 

600 473.45 609.09 214.35 394.74 -6245.8 -5467.5 475.97 

700 491.23 683.49 252.70 430.78 -6241.8 -5338.1 398.32 

800 504.13 749.97 283.37 466.60 -6237.4 -5209.2 340.12 

900 513.53 809.92 308.45 501.47 -6233.1 -5081.0 294.89 

1000 520.33 814.40 329.31 535.08 -6265.5 -4950.3 258.57 

Melting T IC Boiling T IC 

A.,Jio kJ 

A,_ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 14. 962 J • bar-1 

H~ 98-H& kJ 149.62 Clll3 

A• -6.2428+03 B• 1.291E+OO C• -3.458+05 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 391 

FLUORPHLOGOPITB (Al/Si disordered) Formula wt 421.242 

KMg3[AlSi3o10]P2 : Crystals 298.15 to 1700 K. Approximate melting point 1670 K. 

FORMATION PROM THB BLBMERTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-8~ 98 )/T -(Gf-8~ 98 )/T Afao AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·K-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 342.42 336.30 o.oo 336.30 -6355.5 -6015.7 1053.90 

300 343.70 338.42 2.12 336.31 -6355.5 -6013.6 1047.04 

400 392.83 444.81 94.33 350.48 -6358.5 -5899.0 770.31 

500 420.87 535.72 157.05 378.67 -6356.9 -5784.3 604.26 

600 439.96 614.23 202.69 411.54 -6354.4 -5670.0 493.60 

700 454.48 683.18 237.66 445.52 -6351.3 -5556.2 414.60 

800 466.38 744.67 265.53 479.14 -6347.9 -5442.8 355.37 

900 476.62 800.21 288.43 511.78 -6344.6 -5329.8 309.33 

1000 485.76 850.90 307.71 543.19 -6377.8 -5214.4 272.37 

1100 494.13 897.60 324.28 573.32 -6453.5 -5093.6 241.87 

1200 501.92 940.93 338.77 602.17 -6448.8 -4970.2 216.34 

1300 509.29 981.40 351.60 629.80 -6443.7 -4847.1 194.76 

1400 516.32 1019.40 363.12 656.28 -6820.5 -4715.2 175.92 

1500 523.09 1055.26 373.56 681.70 -6810.5 -4565.1 158.97 

1600 529.64 1089.23 383.11 706.12 -6800.2 -4415.6 144.15 

1700 536.01 1121.53 391.92 729.61 -6940.0 -4265.5 131.06 

Melting T 1670 K Boiling T K 

A...,Ho kJ 

A,.ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 14. 652 J • bar·• 

H~98-H6 kJ 146.52 cm3 

A= -6.476E+03 B= 1.272E+OO C= 8.177E+06 

01/14/93 
392 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

FLUORPBLOGOPITB (Al/Si ordered) Formula wt 421.242 

KMg3 (Alsi3o10 )P2 : Crystals 298.15 to 1700 K. Approximate malting point 1670 K. 

FORMATION FROM TBB ELEMENTS 

Temp. co 

p Sf (Hf-H~ 98 )/T -(Gf-H~ 98 )/T A tHO AfGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 342.42 336.30 o.oo 336.30 -6375.5 -6030.1 1056.43 

300 343.70 338.42 2.12 336.31 -6375.5 -6028.0 1049.54 

400 392.83 444.81 94.33 350.48 -6378.5 -5911.5 771.95 

500 420.87 535.72 157.05 378.67 -6376.9 -5794.9 605.38 

600 439.96 614.23 202.69 411.54 -6374.4 -5678.7 494.37 

700 454.48 683.18 237.66 445.52 -6371.3 -5563.1 415.11 

800 466.38 744.67 265.53 479.14 -6367.9 -5447.8 355.70 

900 476.62 800.21 288.43 511.78 -6364.6 -5333.0 309.51 

1000 485.76 850.90 307.71 543.19 -6397.8 -5215.7 272.43 

1100 494.13 897.60 324.28 573.32 -6473.5 -5093.0 241.84 

1200 501.92 940.93 338.77 602.17 -6468.8 -4967.7 216.23 

1300 509.29 981.40 351.60 629.80 -6463.7 -4842.8 194.58 

1400 516.32 1019.40 363.12 656.28 -6840.5 -4709.0 175.69 

1500 523.09 1055.26 373.56 681.70 -6830.5 -4557.0 158.69 

1600 529.64 1089.23 383.11 706.12 -6820.2 -4405.7 143.83 

1700 536.01 1121.53 391.92 729.61 -6960.0 -4253.7 130.70 

Melting T 1670 J( Boiling T J( 

A.,Ho kJ 

A,_HO kJ 

Molar Vol. 14.652 J•bar"1 

H~ 98-H& kJ 146.52 cm3 

A= -6.4961:+03 B= 1.291E+OO C• 8.177E+06 

01/14/93 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OF INDNIDUAL PHASES 393 

TALC Formula wt 379.266 

Temp. co 

p 

so T (Bf-8~98)/T -(GT-H~ 98 )/T 

J( J•mol-1·K-1 

298.15 321.77 260.80 o.oo 260.80 

300 323.23 262.79 1.99 260.81 

400 386.65 365.29 90.94 274.35 

500 420.68 455.61 153.83 301.78 

600 444.28 534.40 200.28 334.12 

700 475.19 605.03 237.17 367.85 

800 525.90 671.51 269.84 401.68 

Melting T 

kJ 

46.88 kJ 

A• -5.890B+03 B• 1.260E+OO 

FORMATION FROM THE BLBHBNTS 

AfHO AfGO Log J(f 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-5900.0 -5520.1 967.08 

-5900.1 -5517.8 960.71 

-5901.1 -5390.1 703.85 

-5899.0 -5262.5 549.76 

-5895.5 -5135.5 447.08 

-5890.5 -5009.3 373.79 

-5882.6 -4883.9 318.88 

Boiling T 

A..,Ho kJ 

Molar Vol. 13.625 J•bar"1 

136.25 cm3 

C• -4.84B+05 

7/29/92 
394 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

CHRYSOTILB (Antigorite) Formula wt 277.112 

Mg3Si205(0H)4: Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 900 K. 

FORMATION PROM THE ELBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-8~ 98 )/T Afao 'tGO Log Kf 

K J•mol-1·x-1 - kJ•mol-1 --

298.15 274.05 221.30 0.00 221.30 -4360.0 -4032.·4 706.44 

300 275.12 223.00 1.69 221.31 -4360.1 -4030.3 701.73 

400 323.31 309.17 76.44 232.73 -4361.0 -3920.2 511.91 

500 356.40 385.10 129.33 255.77 -4359.1 -3810.1 398.03 

600 379.00 452.21 169.18 283.03 -4355.4 -3700.7 322.16 

700 394.31 511.86 200.32 311.54 -4350.8 -3591.9 268.03 

800 404.36 565.22 225.24 339.97 -4345.7 -3483.8 227.47 

900 410.50 613.23 245.52 367.71 -4340.7 -3376.4 195.96 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A_,Ho kJ 

Afu.H 0 kJ 

Molar Vol. 10.75 J•bar"1 

H~g8-H6 kJ 107.5 cm3 

A= -4.348E+03 B= 1.081E+OO C• -6.03E+05 

5/14/92 
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AT IDGH TEMPERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES 395 

PARAGONITE (Al/Si disordered) Formula wt 382.200 

NaA12[AlSi3o10 )(0B) 2 : Monoclinic crystals 298.15 to 800 K. 

FORMATION FROM TBB BLBMBNTS 

Temp. co 

p ST (HT-a~ 98 )/T -(GT-a~ 98 )/T Afao A to• Log Kf 

K J•lll01-1·K-1 - kJ•lllOl-1 --

298.15 321.50 288.80 o.oo 288.80 -5933.0 -5555.7 973.31 

300 322.86 290.79 1.99 288.81 -5933.1 -5553.3 966.90 

400 380.52 392.22 89.98 302.24 -5937.9 -5426.1 708.56 

500 419.03 481.51 152.15 329.36 -5936.9 -5298.2 553.49 

600 447.59 560.55 199.12 361.43 -5933.8 -5170.7 450.14 

700 470.21 631.30 236.29 395.02 -5929.2 -5043.9 376.37 

800 488.92 695.35 266.73 428.62 -5923.5 -4917.8 321.09 

Melting T K Boiling T K 

A..Ho kJ 

A,..ao kJ 

Molar Vol. 13.211 J•bar·1 

H~98-H6 48.12 kJ 132.11 cm3 

A• -5.931B+03 8• 1.268E+OO c- -2.33B+05 

5/14/92 
396 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

PARAGONITB (Al/Si ordered) 

Temp. co 

p Sf (BT-s~ 98 )/T -(Gia-H~ 98 )/T 

1C J•mol-1·x-1 

298.15 321.50 277.10 o.oo 277.10 

300 322.87 279.09 1.99 277.11 

400 380.52 380.52 89.98 290.54 

500 419.04 469.81 152.16 317.66 

600 447.60 548.85 199.12 349.73 

700 470.21 619.61 236.29 383.32 

800 488.92 683.65 266.73 416.92 

Melting T 

kJ 

48.12 kJ 

A• -5.947B+03 B• 1.279E+OO 

Formula wt 382.200 

FORMATION PROM TBB BLBMBNTS 

AfHO AfGO Log Kf 

- kJ•mol-1 --

-5949.3 -5568.5 975.55 

-5949.4 -5566.1 969.12 

-5954.2 -5437.7 710.08 

-5953.2 -5308.7 554.58 

-5950.1 -5180.0 450.95 

-5945.5 -5052.0 376.98 

-5939.8 -4924.8 321.55 

Boiling T 1C 

AwJIO kJ 

Molar Vol. 13. 211 J • bar·• 

132.11 cm3 

c- -2.34E+05 

12/9/92 
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Am. Mineralogist, v. 76, p. 1931-1939. 

427. Weller, W. W., and Kelley, K. K., 1963, Low-temperature heat capacities and entropies at 298.15°K 

of akermanite, cordierite, gehlenite, and merwinite: U.S. Bur. Mines Rept. lnv. 6343, 7 p. 
450 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

428. Weller, W. W., and Kelley, K. K., 1964, Low-temperature heat capacities and entropies at 298.15°K 

of lead molybdate and lead tungstates: U.S. Bur. Mines Rept. lnv. 6357, 5 p. 

429. Weller, W. W., and Kelley, K. K., 1964, Low-temperature heat capacities and entropies at 298.15°K 

of sulfides of arsenic, germanium and nickel: U.S. Bur. Mines Rept. lnv. 6511, 7 p. 

430. Weller, W. W., and Kelley, K. K., 1966, Low-temperature heat capacities and entropies at 298.15°K 

of ferrous molybdate and ferrous tungstate: U.S. Bur. Mines Rept. lnv. 6782, 5 p. 

431. Weller, W. W., and King, E. G., 1963, Low-temperature heat capacities and entropies at 298.15°K of 

monomolybdates of sodium, magnesium, and calcium: U.S. Bur. Mines Rept. lnv. 6147, 6 p. 

432. Weller, W. W., and King, E. G., 1963, Low-temperature heat capacity and entropy at 298.15°K of 

muscovite: U.S. Bur. Mines Rept. lnv. 6281, 4 p. 

433. Westrich, H. R., and Holloway, J. R., 1981, Experimental dehydration of pargasite and calculation of 

its entropy and Gibbs energy: Am. Jour. Science, v. 281, p. 922-934. 

434. Westrich, H. R., and Navrotsky, A., 1981, Some thermodynamic properties of fluorapatite, 

fluorpargasite, and fluorphlogopite: Am. Jour. Science, v. 281, p. 1 091-11 03. 

435. Westrum, E. F., Jr., written communication, September, 1959. 

436. Westrum, E.F., Jr., and Beale, A.F., Jr., 1961, Heat capacities and chemical thermodynamics of cerium 

(Ill) fluoride and of cerium (IV) oxide from 5 to 300° K: Jour. Phys. Chemistry, v. 65, p. 353-355. 

437. Westrum, E. F., Jr., Chou, C., and Gronvold, F., 1959, Heat capacities and thermodynamic properties 

of the iron tellurides Fe,_,, Te and FeTe2 from 5 to 350° K: Jour. Chern. Physics, v. 30, p. 761-764. 
REFERENCES CITED 451 

438. Westrum, E. F., Jr., Essene, E. J., and Perkins, D., Ill, 1977, Thermophysical properties of the garnet, 

grossular (Ca3AI2Si30 12): Jour. Chern. Thermodynamics, v. 11, p. 57-166. 

439. Westrum, E.F., Jr., and Grimes, D.M., 1957, Low temperature heat capacities and thermodynamic 

properties of zinc ferrite: Jour. Phys. Chern. Solids, v. 3, p. 44-49. 

440. Westrum, E.F., Jr., and Gronvold, F., 1969, Magnetite (Fe30 4 ) heat capacity and thermodynamic 

properties from 5 to 350° K low-temperature transition: Jour. Chern. Thermodynamics, v. 1, 

p. 543-557. 

441. Westrum, E. F., Jr., and Gronvold, F., 1970, Manganese disulfide (hauerite) and manganese ditelluride. 

Thermal properties from 5 to 350 ° K and antiferromagnetic transitions: Jour. Phys. Chern., v. 52, 

p. 3820-3826. 

442. Westrum, E. F., Jr., Stolen, S., and Gronvold, F., 1987, Thermodynamics of copper sulfides II. Heat 

capacity and thermodynamic properties of synthetic covellite, CuS, from 5 to 780.5 K. Enthalpy 

of decomposition: Jour. Chern. Thermodynamics, v. 19, p. 1199-1208. 

443. White, G. K., and Collocott, S. J., 1984, Heat capacity of reference materials: Cu and W: Jour. Phys. 

Chern. Ref. Data, v. 13, p. 1251-1257. 

444. Wise, S. S., Margrave, J. L., Feder, H. M., and Hubbard, W. N., 1963, Fluorine bomb calorimetry. V. 

The heats of formation of silicon tetrafluoride and silica: Jour. Phys. Chemistry, v. 67, p. 815-821. 

445. Woodland, A. B., and Wood, B. J ., 1989, Electrochemical measurement of the free energy of almandine 

(Fe3AI2Si30 12) garnet: Geochem. Cosmochim. Acta, v. 53, p. 2277-2282. 
452 

446. 

447. 

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

Wruck, B., 1987, Thermodynamic behavior of the P-1 •1

; phase transition in anorthite (abs): Programme 

Physical Properties and Thermodynamic Behavior of Minerals (NATO), Cambridge. 

Yakovlev, B. G., and Vozianova, 0. V., 1983, Thermodynamical properties of almandine: Geokimiia, 

n. 1, p. 64-75. 

448. Zhdanov, V. M., Turdakin, V. A., Arutyunov, V. S., Semenov, Yu. V., Malinko, S. V., and Kodakovsky, 

I. L, 1977, Low-temperature specific heat, standard entropy, and elastic parameters of datolite and 

danburyite: Geochemistry International, 14(6), p. 135-141. 

449. Zhogin, D. Yu., Kosarukina, E. A., and Kolesov, V. P., 1980, Heat capacity in the 10-300 K range and 

450. 

thermodynamic functions of tetragonal tin dioxide: Zhur. Fiz. Khimii, v. 54(4), p. 916-920. 

Heat capacity of hercynite estimated as Cp(FeAI20 4 ) 

MnS04 and other values estimated by Robie. 

451 . Enthalpies of solution of members of the nepheline-kalsilite series were reported by Hovis and Roux 

(Hovis, G.L and Roux, J., 1993, Thermodynamic mixing properties of nepheline-kalsilite crystalline 

solutions: Am. Jour. Sci., v. 293, p. 1108-1127.). Using enthalpy of solution values calculated 

from their equations 4 and 5, ancillary data from (166, tables 1-4), and unpublished enthalpy 

of solution data for KCI from Hemingway (AH(soln) = 6.045 -o.0189t(°C)), we calculate ~H = 

-2090.4 ± 2.5 and -2124.7 ± 2.5 kJ • mol-1

, respectively, for nepheline and kalsilite. These results 

are in good agreement with values given in (361) of -2092.1 ± 2.4 and -2121.9 ± 1.4 kJ • mol-1

, 

respectively, but based on less pure samples (20, 171 ). These results are significantly less 

negative than the formation properties calculated by ( 188) from a limited number of phase 

equilibrium experiments. The calorimetrically determined value of -3037.8 ± 2.8 kJ • mol"1 for 

leucite (171, 20) is preferred to that derived by (188) from a limited number of phase equilibrium 

data (-3020.0 ± 2.7 kJ • mol"1). 
REFERENCES CITED 453 

452. Heat capacity measurements on a synthetic alunite are combined with earlier results by Kelley et al. 

(219) to estimate the entropy at 298.15 K. The reaction scheme used by Kelley et al. (219) is 

recalculated using modern values for the enthalpy of formation of the reference phases. See, 

Hemingway, B.S. and Robie, A.A., 1994, Heat capacity and enthalpy of formation of synthetic 

alunite: U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 94-688, 8 p. 

453. High temperature heat capacities are derived from 244, 299, 402. 

454. The Gibbs energy of livingstonite at 298.15 K is estimated from the study of (Sorokin, V.I., Dadze, T.P., 

and Pokronskiy, V.A., 1988, The Gibbs free energy of formation of livingstonite: Geokhimiya, No. 

6, 897-900). 
454 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

INDEX OF NAMES 

page page 

Acanthite (argentite) 11 45 122 148 Ca-Al pyroxene 34 61 345 

Acmite 35 62 357 CaAl2SiOB glass 34 61 

Akermanite 32 59 321 CaAl~~i~ 8 glass 36 63 363 

Alabandite 12 46 135 161 CaFe 1

2 6 glass 34 61 

Albite 37 63 373 CaMgSi o~ glass 34 61 348 

Almandine 33 60 333 CaSi~ g ass 34 61 344 

Altaite 13 61 308 c~~ si 12 glass 31 58 

Aluninun 5 41 68 c lUll 6 41 79 

Aluninun ion 5 Cadniun ion 6 

Aluninum sulfate 28 56 283 Calcio-olivine 32 59 325 

Alunite 28 56 290 Calcite 25 55 268 

Anlllonia 10 44 121 Calciun 6 41 78 

Anlllonia-niter 26 280 

Anlllon i un ion 10 Calciun ferrite 21 51 230 

Anal bite 2 37 64 374 Calciun ion 6 

Analcime 37 64 379 Calciun nitrate 26 55 277 

Anatase 19 50 223 Calomel 23 

Andalusite 31 58 305 Carbon dioxide 15 47 181 

Andradite 32 59 319 Carbon monoxide 15 47 180 

Anglesite 29 57 297 Carbonate ion 15 

Anhydrite 28 56 285 Carbonic acid (aqueous) 15 

Anil ite 11 Carnegieite 37 64 377 

Amite 39 65 388 Cassiterite 19 50 219 

Anorthite 2 36 63 362 Cattierrite 11 45 125 151 

Anthophyllite 35 62 360 Celestite 29 

Antimony 9 43 106 Cerianite 16 47 184 

Aragonite 25 55 267 Ceriun 6 41 80 

Arcanite 28 56 288 Cerussite 26 

Arsenic 5 41 69 Cesiun 6 84 

Arsenolite 15 Cesiun ion 6 

Arsenopyrite 14 Chalcanthite 28 

Artinite 25 Chalcocite 11 45 127 153 

Azurite 25 Chalcocyanite 28 56 286 

Chalcopyrite 11 45 128 154 

Baddeleyite 20 50 228 Chalcostibite 14 46 147 173 

Barite 28 56 284 Chiolite 24 54 263 

Bariun 5 n Chlorargyrite 23 53 247 

Bariun ion 5 Chloride ion 6 

Bariun monoxide 15 47 177 Chlorine 6 41 81 

Berlinite 30 57 299 Chloromagnesite 23 53 253 

Berndtite 13 46 142 168 Chromite 21 51 234 

Berthierite 14 461461n Chromiun 6 41 83 

Bertrandite 31 58 312 Chrysoberyl 21 51 229 

Berylliun 5 41 73 Chrysotile (Antigorite) 39 65 394 

Beryl 31 58 311 Cinnabar 12 

Bianchite 29 Claudetite 15 

Bicarbonate ion 15 Clausthalite 13 

Bicchulite 36 63 364 Clinochlore 40 

Bismite 15 47 179 Clinoenstatite 34 61 353 

BiSIILith 5 41 74 Cl inopti lol ite 36 

BiSIILithinite 11 Cobalt 6 41 82 

Bixbyite 17 49 201 Cobalt monoxide 16 47 185 

Boehmite 15 47 175 Cobalt-olivine 32 59 331 

Borax 29 Coccinite 24 

Boric oxide 16 176 Coesite 19 50 216 

Bornite 11 45 129 155 Cohenite 10 44 120 

Boron 5 41 71 Cooperite 13 

Braunite 17 49 203 Copper 6 42 85 

Bredigite 32 59 Copper ion 6 

Brochantite 28 Cordierite 33 60 334 

Bromargyrite 23 53 245 Cori.M'ldun 15 47 174 

Bromellite 15 47 178 Cotunnite 23 53 257 

Bromide ion 5 Covel lite 11 45 126 152 

Bromine 5 41 75 Cristobalite 19 50 215 

Bromine (ideal gas) 5 41 4 Cryolite 24 54 262 

Brucite 17 48 198 Cubanite 12 

Bunsenite 18 49 207 Cupric ion 6 

Cuprite 16 48 189 

Cuprous ion 6 
INDEX OF NAMES 455 

page page 

Danburite 36 63 Heazlewoodite 13 46138164 

Datolite 32 59 317 Hedenbergite 34 61 346 

Dawsonite 26 55 273 Hematite 16 48 192 

Dehydrated analcime 38 64 380 Hercynite 21 51 233 

Dehydrated mordenite 33 Herzenbergite 13 46 141 167 

Diamond 5 41 77 Hetaerolite 22 

Diaspore 15 47 Heulandite 36 

Diboron trioxide 15 47 176 Hexagonal anorthite 36 

Dicalcium ferrite 21 51 231 Huebnerite 30 

Dicesium monoxide 16 HU1tite 25 

Dickite 39 65 381 Hydrogen 7 42 89 

Digenite 11 Hydrogen chloride 23 53 251 

Dilithium monoxide 17 48196 Hydrogen fluoride 24 54 259 

Diopside 34 61 347 Hydrogen ion 7 

Dipotassium monoxide 17 48 195 Hydrogen sulfide 12 46 134 160 

Disodium monoxide 18 49 206 Hydrogen sulfide ion 12 

Dititanium trioxide 19 Hydromagnesite 25 

Djurleite 11 Hydroph i l i te 23 53 248 

Dolomite 25 55 269 Hydroxide ion 16 

Dumortierite 31 58 308 Hydroxyapatite 30 57 302 

Hypersthene 35 62 

Edingtonite 36 63 

Enargite 14 Ikaite 25 

Enstatite 34 61 352 Illite 39 65 

Epidote 31 58 Ilmenite 21 51 235 

Epsomite 29 Ilvaite 32 59 318 

Eskolaite 16 48 187 Iodargyrite 24 54 264 

Euclase 31 58 309 Iodide ion 7 

Eucryptite 37 63 371 Iodine 7 42 91 

Iodine (ideal gas) 7 

Fayalite 32 60 332 Iron 2 7 87 

Ferberite 30 Iron ion 7 

Ferric ion 7 I ron tennant i te 14 

Ferric sulfate 28 56 287 Iron tetrahedrite 14 

Ferrobustamite 34 61 

Ferroselite 12 Jadeite 35 62 356 

Ferrosil ite 34 61 349 

Ferrous ion 7 K-Al sulfate 28 56 289 

Ferrous oxide 16 48 191 KAlS~f glass 37 63 368 

Fluorapatite 30 57 301 Kali llite (Kalsilite) 37 63 369 

Fluoride ion 6 Kaolinite 39 65 382 

Fluorine 6 42 86 Karelianite 19 50 225 

Fluorite 24 54 258 Kyanite 31 58 304 

Fluor-pargasite 35 

Fluorphlogopite (Al/Si disordered) 39 65 391 Langbeinite 28 56 291 

Fluorphlogopite (Al/Si ordered) 39 65 392 Larnite (bredigite) 31 58 324 

Forsterite 33 60 335 Launontite 36 

Franklinite 22 52 243 Lawrencite 23 53 249 

Frohbergite 12 Lawsonite 31 58 313 

Lead 8 43 102 

Galena 13 46 139 165 Lead ion 8 

Gaspeite 26 Leonhardite 36 

Gehlenite 31 58 314 Leucite 37 63 370 

Geikielite 21 51 240 Liebenbergite 33 60 339 

Germaniun 7 42 88 Lime 15 47 182 

Gibbsite 15 47 Limaeite 11 

Glaucophane 35 62 361 Litharge 18 49 208 

Goethite 16 Lithium 7 93 

Gold 5 41 70 Lithh.11 ion 7 

Goslarite 29 Livingstonite 14 

Graphite 5 41 76 Loell ingite 12 

Greenockite 11 45 124 150 

Grossular 2 31 58 316 Magnesiochromite 21 51 238 

Grunerite 35 62 359 Magnesioferrite 21 51 239 

Gypsun 28 Magnesite 25 55 271 

Magnesium 8 42 94 

Hafniun dioxide 17 Magnesium ion 8 

Halite 23 53 255 Magnesium nitrate 26 55 279 

Halloysite 39 65 Magnesium sulfate 28 56 292 

Haturite 32 59 326 Magnetite 16 48 193 

Hauerite 13 Malachite 25 

Hausmamite 17 49 202 Manganese 8 42 95 
456 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

page page 

Manganese ion 8 Osumilite 33 60 

Manganese sulfate 29 56 293 Otavite 25 

Manganosite 17 48 199 Oxygen 8 42 100 

Marcasite 12 45 133 159 

Margarite 39 65 384 Paragonite (Al/Si disordered) 40 66 395 

Marshite 24 54 265 Paragonite (Al/Si ordered) 40 66 396 

Mascagnite 29 56 294 Pargasite (Al/Si ordered) 35 

Massi cot 19 Pentlandite 13 

Mati ldite 14 Periclase 17 48 197 

Meionite (Al-Si ordered) 36 63 365 Perovskite 21 51 232 

Melanterite 28 Petalite 37 63 372 

Mercuric ion 7 Phenakite 31 58 310 

Mercurous ion 7 Phillipsite 38 

Mercury 7 42 90 Phlogopite (Al/Si disordered) 2 39 65 389 

Merlinoite 38 Phlogopite (Al/Si ordered) 2 39 65 390 

Merwinite 32 59 322 Phosphate ion 18 

Mesolite 38 Phosphorus 8 43 101 

Metacinnabar 12 Phosphorus pentoxide 18 

Methane 10 44 119 Platinun 8 43 103 

MgSi~ glass 34 61 Plattnerite 18 49 209 

MgSi~- Ilmenite 35 62 354 Pollucite 36 63 

MgSi~·Perovskite 35 Portlandite 16 47 183 

Mg Al si ~ glass 33 60 337 Potassium 7 42 92 

(Mg1•5ca1•5 Al 2s!3o12 glass 33 60 Potassium aluminum sulfate 28 56 289 

(~g1.8c~l-2>Al s1 12 glass 33 60 Potassium bromide 23 53 246 

M1argyr1 e 14 Potassium hydroxide 17 

Microcl ine 36 63 366 Potassium ion 7 

Millerite 13 46 137 163 Powellite 30 

Minium 18 49 210 Prehnite 39 65 385 

Mirabilite 29 Proustite 14 

Molybdenite 13 46 136 162 Pseudobrookite 21 51 

Molybdenum 8 42 96 Pseudowollastonite 34 61 343 

Molybdfte 17 49 204 Pyrargyrite 14 

Molysite 23 53 250 Pyrite 12 45 132 158 

Monohydrocalcite 25 Pyrolusite 17 48 200 

Monteponite 16 Pyrope 33 60 336 

Monticellite 32 59 320 Pyrope-grossular 33 60 

Montroydite 17 Pyrophanite 21 51 241 

Mordenite 38 Pyrophyll i te 39 65 383 

Morenosite 29 Pyroxmangite 35 

Mullite 31 58 307 Pyrrhotite 12 45 131 157 

Muscovite (Al/Si disordered) 2 39 65 386 

Muscovite (Al/Si ordered) 2 39 65 387 Quartz 18 49 214 

NaAlSiO& glass 37 64 378 Rankinite 32 59 327 

NaAlSi2 6 glass 35 62 Realgar 11 45 123 149 

NaAlSiio8 glass 37 64 375 Retgersite 29 

Na 25 - 75 feldspar 37 Rhodochrosite 26 55 272 

Na" 55-K·45 feldspar 37 Rhodonite 35 62 355 

Na" 85 -K" 15 feldspar 37 Riebeckite 35 62 

Naflcolite 26 Rosenhahnite 32 59 328 

Nantokite 23 Rutile 19 50 222 

Natrolite 38 

Nepheline-Na 78K ~lsio4 32 64 Sal811111oniac 23 53 

Nepheline • • 37 64 376 Sanidine 2 37 63 367 

Nes~onite 25 Sanmartinite 30 

NH4 10 Sapphirine 33 

Nickel 8 43 99 Scacchite 23 53 254 

Nickelous chloride 23 53 256 Scheelite 30 

Nickelous ion 8 Scolecite 36 

Nickelous sulfate 29 56 289 Selenium 9 43 107 

Niningerite 12 Sellaite 24 54 260 

N!tio4-spinel 33 60 340 Siderite 25 55 270 

N1 er 26 278 Silica glass 19 50 218 

Nitrate ion 17 Sit icalite 19 

Nitrobarite 26 55 276 Silicic acid (aqueous) 9 19 

Nitrogen 8 42 97 Sit icon 9 43 108 

Nitrogen dioxide 17 49 205 Silicon monoxide 18 49 213 

NuklM'ldamite 12 Silli•nite 31 58 306 

Silver 5 41 67 

Oldhamite 11 Silver ion 5 

Orpiment 11 Smithite 14 
INDEX OF NAMES 457 

page page 

Smithsonite 26 55 275 Wairalcite 36 

Soda-niter 27 55 281 Water 16 

Sodiun 8 42 98 Wegscheiderite 26 

Sodium carbonate 26 Whitloclcite 30 57 300 

Sodiun hydroxide 18 Willemite 33 60 

Sodium ion 8 Witherite 25 55 266 

Sphalerite 13 46 144 170 Wollastonite 34 61 342 

Spinel 21 51 237 Wulfenite 30 

Cl-spodunene 34 61 350 Wurtzite 13 46 145 1~r1 

,_ spodunene 34 61 351 Wustite 16 48190 

Spurrite 32 59 329 

Staurolite 33 60 Zinc 10 44 117 

Steam 17 48 194 Zinc ion 10 

Stibnite 13 46 140 166 Zinc temant i te 14 

Stilbite 36 Zinc tetrahedrite 14 

Stishovite 19 50 217 Zinc titanium spinel 22 52 244 

Stolzite 30 Zincite 20 50 227 

Strengite 30 Zinlcosite 29 57 298 

Strontianite 26 55 274 Zircon 33 60 341 

Strontiun 9 43 110 Zirconium 10 44 118 

Strontiun ion 9 Zoisite 31 58 315 

Strontium monoxide 19 50 220 

Strontium nitrate 27 55 282 

Sulfate ion 18 

Sulfide ion 9 

Sulfite ion 18 

Sulfur 3 8 43 104 

Sulfur (monoclinic) 9 

Sulfur (ideal gas) 3 9 43 105 

Sulfur dioxide 18 49 211 

Sulfur trioxide 18 49 212 

Sulfuric acid 28 

Sylvite 23 53 252 

Szornolnolcite 28 

Talc 39 65 393 

Tellurite 19 

Tellurium 9 43 111 

Tellurobismuthite 11 

Tenorite 16 48188 

Tephroite 33 60 338 

Thenardite 29 56 295 

Thermonatrite 26 55 

Thorianite 19 50 221 

Thorium 9 43 112 

Tialite 21 51 

Tilleyite 32 59 330 

Tin 9 43 109 

Titanite (sphene) 32 59 323 

Titanium 9 43 113 

Topaz 31 58 303 

Tremolite 35 62 358 

Trevorite 21 52 242 

Tricobalt tetraoxide 16 47 186 

Tridymite 19 

Troilite 12 45 130 156 

Trona 26 

Tl.llgsten 9 44 116 

Tl.l"'gsten dioxide 20 50 226 

Tungstenite 13 46 143 169 

Tl.l"'gsten trioxide 20 

Ulvospinel 21 51 236 

Uraninite 19 50 224 

Uranium 9 43 114 

Valentinite 18 

Vanadiun 9 44 115 

Vaterite 25 

Villiaunite 24 54 261 

Violarite 13 
458 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

INDEX OF FORMULAS 

page page 

Ag 5 41 67 co 15 47 180 

Ag+ 5 co 15 47 181 

AgAsS2 14 c~2- 15 

~-AgBiS2 14 Cao.59sro.188ao.o6Nao.38-

AgBr 23 53 245 K0.13Al2.16Si6.84°18·6H20 36 

AgCl 23 53 247 Ca 6 41 78 

Agl 24 54 264 ca2+ 6 

cz-AgSbS2 14 CaAL2 [AL2si2o10J (OH)2 39 65 384 

Ag2s 11 45 122 148 CaAL2Si06 34 61 345 

Ag3Ass3 14 CaAL2[si 2o7COH)2J·H2o 31 58 313 

Ag3sbS3 14 CaAL2si2o8 36 63 362 363 

Al 5 41 68 CaAL2si3o10·3H2o 36 

AL 3+ 5 CaAt2si4o12·2H20 36 

Al(OH)3 15 47 CaAL2si4o12·4H20 36 

ALOCOH) 15 47 CaB(Si04>COH) 32 59 317 

AlP04 30 57 299 CaB2si2o8 36 63 

AL ~ 15 47 174 Ca~ 25 55 267 268 

AL 2cso4)

3 28 56 283 CaC~·H o 25 

AL 2sio4F2 31 58 303 CaC~·6H o 25 

AL 2sio5 31 58 304 305 CaCl2 23 53 248 

306 CaF2 24 54 258 

Al 2si20sCOH)4 39 65 381 382 CaFeSi 2o6 34 61 346 

AL 2si4o10coH)2 39 65 383 CaFe2o4 21 51 230 

Al 2Ti0s 21 51 CaF~(Si~ )0(0H) 32 59 318 

Al6si2o13 31 58 307 CaMg(C~) 2 25 55 269 

Al6.75[l0.25BSi3°17.25(0H)o.75 31 58 308 CaMgSi04 32 59 320 

As 5 41 69 CaMgSi 2o6 34 61 347 348 

AsS 11 45 123 149 CaMg CC~>4 25 

As ~ 15 CaMo04 30 

As2s3 11 CaO 15 47 182 

Au 5 41 70 Ca(OH)2 16 47 183 

cas 11 

B 5 41 71 caso4 28 56 285 

82~ 15 47 176 CaS04·2H2o 28 

Ba 5 n CaSi~ 34 61 342 343 

Ba2+ 5 344 

BaAL2si3o10·3H2o 36 63 Cali~ 21 51 232 

BaC~ 25 55 266 CaTiSiOs 32 59 323 

Ba(N~) 2 26 55 276 cawo4 30 

sao 15 47 177 Ca1.~2Na0.14K.o1CAl2.18Si6.82°18>· 

Baso4 28 56 284 7. 3H2o 36 

Be 5 41 73 Ca~l[AlSi 10JCOH) 2 39 65 385 

BeAlSi04COH) 31 58 309 Ca~t FeSi 12 COH) 31 58 

BeAL 2

o4 21 51 229 Ca~l Si0 COH> 2 36 63 364 

BeO 15 47 178 Ca~t sio7 31 58 314 

Be2sio4 Ca~t si 12 COH) 31 58 315 

31 58 310 Ca~l si 24 ·7H o 36 B~AL Csi 18 > 31 58 311 ca2Fe20s 21 51 231 

Be4si2o7COH)2 31 58 312 CattgSi 2o7 32 59 321 

Bi 5 41 74 CaZMg5csi8o22 >COH> 2 35 62 358 

Bi ~ 15 47 179 e~-Ca2Si04 31 58 324 

Bi 2s3 11 J-Ca2sio4 31 58 324 

BizT~ 11 y-ca2sio4 32 59 325 

Br 5 C~AL si 12 2 31 58 316 

Br2 5 41 75 C~Fe si 12 32 59 319 

c C~Mg(Si0 2 32 59 322 

5 41 76 77 C~(P04)2 30 57 300 

CH4 10 44 119 C~Si0s 32 59 326 
INDEX OF FORMULAS 459 

page page 

Ca

3si

2o7 32 59 327 Fe 2 7 87 

C~Si (0H) 2 32 59 328 Fe

2+ 7 

ca AL si 24c~ 36 63 365 Fe

3+ 7 

ca

5(P0

4

)

3F 30 57 301 FeAL

2o4 21 51 233 

ca

5(P0

4

)

30H 30 57 302 FeAs1.08

50.92 14 

ca (Si0 C~ 32 59 329 FeAs2 12 

ca si (C~) 2 32 59 330 FeC~ 25 55 270 

Cd 6 41 79 FeCL2 23 53 249 

c~+ 6 FeCL3 23 53 250 

CdC~ 25 FeCr

2o4 21 51 234 

CdO 16 FeO 16 48 191 

CdS 11 45 124 150 FeO(OH) 12 45 130 156 

Ce 6 41 80 Fe(P04)·2H

2o 30 

Ce02 16 47 184 FeS 12 45 130 156 

Cl- 6 FeS04·H

20 28 

CL 2 6 41 81 FeS0

4·7H2o 28 

Co 6 41 82 Fes2 12 45 132 13~5 

CoO 16 47 185 158 15~~ 

Cos2 11 45 125 151 FeS~S4 14 46 146 1Tl 

Co

2Si04 32 59 331 Fese2 12 

c~o4 16 47 186 FeSi~ 34 61 349 

c~s4 11 FeTe2 12 

Cr 6 41 83 FeTi~ 21 51 235 

cr ~ 16 48 187 FeW04 30 

(Cs.65Na. 19Rb.o

3>AL2si4o12 ·H2o 36 63 Fe ~ 16 48 192 

Cs 6 84 Fe

2(s04

)

3 28 56 287 

cs+ 6 Fe

2sio4 32 60 332 

cs

2o 16 Fe

2Tio4 21 51 236 

Cu 6 42 85 Fe

2Ti0s 21 51 

cu+ 6 F~AL si 12 33 60 333 

cu

2+ 6 F~C 10 44 120 

CUCL 23 F~04 16 48 193 

CuFes2 11 45 128 154 Fe

4AL 18si

8

o46<0H)2 33 60 

CuFe

2

s3 12 Fe~i 22 <oH> 2 35 62 359 

Cui 24 54 265 

cuo 16 48 188 Ge 7 42 88 

cus 11 45 126 152 

CuSbS2 14 46 147 173 H+ 7 

cuso4 28 56 286 H~- 15 

CUS0

4·5H

2o 28 HCL 23 53 251 

cu

1

•75s 11 HF 24 54 259 

cu1.80s 11 HS 

- 12 

cu1.95s 11 H2 7 42 89 

cu (C~)(OH) 2 25 H2~ 15 

cu

2o 16 48 189 

H20 16 17 48 194 

cu

2s 11 45 127 153 

H2s 12 46134160 

C~Ass4 14 

H2so4 28 

C~(OH) (C~) 2 25 

H4Sio4 9 19 

cu4 (S0

4)(0H)6 28 Hfo2 17 

CtJsfeS4 11 45 129 155 Hg 7 42 90 

cu 10 Fe~s 13 14 Hg2+ 7 

cu10Fe

2sb4

s13 14 HgCl 23 

cu10zn

2As

4

s13 14 Hgl2 24 

cu10zn

2sb4

s13 14 HgO 17 

HgS 12 

F 6 HgSb4

s8 14 

F2 6 42 86 H~+ 7 

Fe.875s 12 45 131 157 

Fe.90s 12 45 I 7 

Fe.94-fJ 16 48 190 12 7 42 91 
460 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES 

page page 

Ko.8oN•o.2oAL51 1.940s.ss· MS]AL2st3o12 33 60 336 337 

1 .81H2o 38 MS]Si 2o5(0H)4 39 65 394 

Ko.91N o.~Lst1.81°5.62. MS]Si4o10COH)2 39 65 393 

1.79Ht> 38 Mg5AL(AlSi3o10>COH)8 40 

K 7 42 92 4MgC~"Mg(OH) ·4H o 25 K+ 7 Mgr5is022(0H)2 35 62 360 

JCAL(S04>2 28 56 289 Mn 8 42 95 

JCALSio4 37 63 369 Mn2+ 8 

JCALSi 1•81os.62 ·1.69H2o 38 MnC~ 26 55 272 

JCALSi 1•94os.ss·1.69H2o 38 MnCL2 23 53 254 

JCALSt 2o6 37 63 370 MnO 17 48199 

JCALSi3o8 2 36 37 63 Mn02 17 48 200 

366 367 MnS 12 45 135 161 

JCAL 2 [AlSi3o10J (0H)2 39 65 386 387 Mnso4 29 56 293 

JCAl3(0H)6(S04>2 28 56 290 Mns2 13 

KBr 23 53 246 MnSi~ 35 62 355 

KCL 23 53 252 MnTi~ 21 51 241 KF~[AlSi~o10J(OH) 2 39 65 388 MnW04 30 KMg~L [S1 oAL J·H o 33 60 Mn ~ 17 49 201 

KMS] [AlSi3o10J F2 39 65 391 392 M"2Sio4 33 60 338 

KMg3[ALSi3o10J(OH)2 39 65 389 390 M"304 17 49 202 

KN~ 26 278 MnrSio12 17 49 203 

KOH 17 Mo 8 42 96 

K2Mg2(S04)3 28 56 291 M~ 17 49 204 

K20 17 48 195 Mos2 13 46 136 162 

K2so4 28 56 288 

K3(Al7Mg)(AL2st 14>o40COH)8 39 65 NH3 10 44 121 

NH + 10 

Li 7 93 4 23 53 

u+ 7 

NH4CL 

NH N~ 26 280 

LiALSto4 37 63 371 (NH4>2so4 29 56 294 

LiALSt2o6 34 61 350 351 N02_ 17 49 205 

LiALSt4o10 37 63 372 N~ 17 

Lf20 17 48196 N2 8 42 97 

(Na0•25Ko.7S>AlSi3o8 37 

<Ms. 85 Fe. 15 >si~ 35 62 N•o.36c o.2~Lo.9451 5.06°12 38 

Mg 8 42 94 

Mg2+ 8 N•o.36c o.2~Lo.9451 5.o6°12. 3.47H2 38 

MgAL 2o4 21 51 237 <N•o.55K0.45>ALst3o8 37 MgC~ 25 55 271 Nao.68C80.66(Al1.99513.01°10)·· MgC~·3H o 25 

MgCL2 23 53 253 2.64H2o 38 

MgCr2o4 21 51 238 (Na0•78K0•22)AlSio4 32 64 

MgF2 24 54 260 Nao.81K0.1~Lsi1.81°5.62" 

MgFe2o4 21 51 239 2. 18H2o 38 

Mg(N~> 2 26 55 279 N•o.81Ko.1~Lsi1.94°5.88" 

MgO 17 48 197 2. 13H2o 38 

Mg(OH)2 17 48 198 <N•o.85Ko.15>ALSi3o8 37 

MgS 12 Na 8 42 98 

'-MgSO~ 28 56 292 Na+ 8 

MgS04 • H2o 29 NIALC~(OH) 2 26 55 273 

MgSi~ 34 61 352 353 NIALSi04 37 64 376 377 

35 62 354 378 

MgTf~ 21 51 240 NaALSi 2o6 35 62 356 380 

<Ms1•

5ca1_5>AL 2st3o12 33 60 NaALSi 2o6·HzO 37 64 379 

(Mg1 cal·~)AL st 12 33 60 

MgzA[3(A 515018) 33 60 334 NaALSt3o8 2 37 63 64 

MszAL (Sf0~) 33 373 374 

Mg2(0H)2CO]• H2o 25 NaAL 2£ALSt3o10J(OH)2 40 66 395 396 

Mg2sto4 33 60 335 NaCazMs4AL(AlzSi6)o22F2 35 

Naca2Ms4AL(AL 2st6)0zz(OH)z 35 
INDEX OF FORMULAS 461 

page page 

NaCl 23 53 255 5~2- 18 49 212 

NaF 24 54 261 ~2- 18 

NaFeSf

2o6 35 62 357 504 18 

NaHC~ 26 52 3 9 43 105 

NaN~ 27 55 281 Sb 9 43 106 

N&OH 18 s~~ 18 

(Na1 

1K,

8)Al1 9si

6

•

1·6H

2o 38 s~s3 13 46 140 166 

Na~l s1 10 ·ZH o 38 Se 9 43 107 

Na ~·10H o 29 Si 9 43 108 

Na c~ 26 SiO 18 49 213 

Na C~·H o 26 55 Sio2 18 19 49 510 

Na ~·NaHC~·2H o 26 214 215 216 

Na F~Fe si 22 (0H) 2 35 62 217 218 

NB2M9]AL

2s;8

o22(0H)2 35 62 361 Sn 9 43 109 

Na c~·3NaHC~ 26 Sn02 19 50 219 

Na

2o 18 49 206 SnS 13 46 141 167 

Na

2so4 29 56 295 SnS2 13 46 142 168 

Na

2504·10H

2o 29 Sr 9 43 110 

NB]ALF6 24 54 262 sr

2+ 9 

Na

5AL

3

F14 24 54 263 SrC~ 26 55 274 

Nf 8 43 99 Sr(N~)2 27 55 282 

Ni

2+ 8 SrO 19 50 220 

NiCL2 23 53 256 srso4 29 

NfC~ 26 

NiFe

2o4 21 52 242 Te 9 43 111 

NiO 18 49 207 Te02 19 

NfS 13 46 137 163 Th 9 43 112 

Nfso4 29 56 289 Th02 19 50 221 

NiS0 •6H~ 29 Ti 9 43 113 

NfS0

4•7H2o 29 Ti02 19 50 222 223 

(~i. te .3>354 13 Tf ~ 19 

N1

2S104 33 60 339 340 

Nf

3

s2 13 46 138 164 u 9 43 114 

Ni4.5Fe4.5s8 13 uo2 19 50 224 

OH- 16 v 9 44 115 

02 8 42 100 v2~ 19 50 225 

p 8 43 101 w 9 44 116 

PO 3- 18 wo2 20 50 226 4 

P205 18 ~ 20 

Pb 8 43 102 ws2 13 46 143 1~19 

Pb

2+ 8 

PbC~ 26 Zn 10 44 117 

PbCL2 23 53 257 zn

2+ 10 

PbMo04 30 ZnC~ 26 55 275 

PbO 18 49 208 ZnFe

2o4 22 52 243 

Pb02 18 49 209 ZnMn

2o4 22 

PbS 13 46 139 165 ZnO 20 50 227 

PbS04 29 57 297 ZnS 13 46 144 145 

PbSe 13 170 H1 

PbTe 13 61 308 znso4 29 57 298 

PbW04 30 ZnS0

4·6H

20 29 

P~o4 18 49 210 ZnS0

4·7H

20 29 

Pt 8 43 103 ZrMl't 30 

PtS 13 zn

2s104 33 60 

zn

2no4 22 52 244 

s 3 8 43 104 Zr 10 44 118 

s2- 09 ZrO~ 20 50 228 

502 18 49 211 ZrS104 33 60 341 

*U.S. G.P.0.:1995-380-070:89