NUREG-0.814

e- :m 4

gn. t.- 4,. r. 7

Offic ofJI titionpt -6; 7."aiti'~4 U-S.IU VI~s .,

4 4 - 4 4 4.., 44444 43444 44 - 4*4.44444' 4 444 344.4.4.44.444344.44 .44--,44 -.4.443 -'.44 4444 ~ .4,44,444444. '44.4 ~4~4 4.3 44~~44..4444.444 .34~33434~4,4a'..4444~44.4.'4-4~4'4. .4 4 ~4444 444**.44.4 4444 ..-.4.,444 4~.4 44~'\ 444 ~ 4 ,,.4444~4444

4 .4 - 444. .. , 44444444.44 4. 4 4 44444"'4 4444.444 .44444444 4 4 4~ ',

4

y4. .4444 .4~'

44 44... 4 4 4 4

.. 4444 - ~ 44.~ ',41;42 4 !4-.'t ,, 4

~, 4444444 '4.,-.4~. -444.444444 .4.,,., ;444, 4 a-34... 444 4,44 ~4 44

4 . 34 .4, 4 4 4 4 4

4 444

4 43

I 4

444 43

44 a

4 4 - .4
ABSTRACT

This draft report was prepared, largely from the criteria in NUREG-0696

by NRC staff assisted by contractor personnel. The questions in this

report, presented in draft form for public comment and interim use, will

be used:in final form by the staff to review the Emergency Response

Facilities conceptual designs which are presently being submitted by

nuclear power reactor operators.

This document is issued for comment, and to provide affected licensees

an early insight into, the approach the staff will use in reviewing Emergency Response Facility proposals. Comments consisting of markup pages

will be most useful in revising the document.

.Neither this draft nor the final evaluation methodology imposes any new

requirements. This approach is a tool for use by the staff in evaluating

'proposed or existing facilities. The questions have been drawn in large

part from NUREG-0696, "Functional Criteria for Emergency Response Facilities",

(February 1981) and the requirements of 10 CFR 50.33, 50.47, 50.54 and

Appendix E of Part 50. Many of the items in NUREG-0814 are not covered

explicitly either by the criteria of NUREG-0696 or by the regulations but

are set out as a means of reviewing the functions needed to meet the

criteria and the regulations. The NUREG-0814 questions, represent only

one approach to meeting the regulations and other techniques are equally

acceptable but are not included for the sake of brevity. The purpose of

NUREG-0814 questions are to remind the reviewers that similar functions

must be performed by ERF personnel and equipment.
PREFACE

The draft report has been compiled with the assistance of the personnel

of the Radiological Sciences, Engineering Physics, and Human Affairs

Research Center at Pacific Northwest.Laboratory. Contributions from

the following persons are acknowledged:

Contributors:

A. E. Desrosiers

E• E.:HickeyJ. R. Lewis

M. K. Lindell

R. L. Cheatham

V. L. Crow

G. E. Driver

E. Duvernoy

T. Earle

W. D. Meitzler

J. G. Myers

M. Robkin
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. .SUMMARY AND.RECOMMENDATIONS ........................ 11

2. TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER... ................ ............ .... 2-1

2.1 Integration with Overall.Planning......................... 2-1

2.2 Location . .... .o o .......... . ** *.2-2

2.3 Size ..... .... . ................... 2-3.

2o4 Structure. .... oooo o2-6

2o5 Habitabil:ity...- .... *.2-7

2.6 Staffing ......... .2-10 2.7 Communire... ................................... .. 2-6

2.8 Instrumentation, Data System Equipment and Power Suppl~ies ........ I ...... ...... .2-14

2.9 Technical Data and Data System .................... 214

2.10 Record Availability.and Management ..... .i ........ *......... 2-15

3. -CONTROL ROOM .. . . . . . . . . . '. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1 Integration with Overall Planning ..... ... 3-1

3.2 Staffing ............. ... 3-2

3.3. Communications. ................................... e.3-3 3.4 -ERF Phasei.. ... . . . . ..* . . .. *. ... .......... 3-3

4. OPERATIONAL SUPPORT CENTER .............. . ............... 4-1

4.1 Integration with Overall System ........ '1........4-1 4.2 Habitability ................ 0........... .................. .4-2

4.3 Communications-- .......... .4-3 " 4.3..... 

4.4 Staffing .......................... ...... 4-4 4-.5 Size• .. .. ... . . . ... .. . . oo 44

5. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS FACILITY.... ...... 5

5.1 Integration with Overall Planning ................ ........ 5-1

5.2 5. i e Location, ..o _........................... Structure and Habitability"............. .. .... ...... 5-7 ....... .5-2

5.5 Radiol ogical Monitoring ............. o ................ . . 5-10

5.6 Communications ............... ..................... .5-13

5.7 Instrumentation, Data System Equipment and Power Supplies.. ............................... .......... 5-16

5.8 Technical Data and Data System ........ 5-16

5.9 Records Availability and Management ...................... 5-16
6. DATA ACQUISITION.SYSTEM. ... .. . ........... . ...... ..... ........ . .. 6.

6.1. DAS Functional Descriptio .................... n . . . .,,.6-1

6.3 DAS Equipment Specifications ...................... 6-3

6.4 Sensor Data tobe Acquired .... ......................6-7

6.5 Data to be Provided for Dose Assessment...........68

7. DATA DISPLAY SYSTEMS. ................................. .. . .. .7-1

7.1 Functional Display Devices .............. ........... .7-1

7.3 Ohr. Display Deices... ........... .. . .. ........... e7-8

8. DATA COMMUNICATIONS. ... . .. .. . ... ........... . ... . ... .. .. .. .. ... .8-1-

8.1 Des criioption..........................8-

8.3 Added Questions for Data Links Using EIA Standard

8.4 Added Questions for Voice-Frequency Links................. 8-2

ý8.5 Appl icable Standards ...... ... .. .. . .................... 8-2

9. SYSTEM SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS ........ oo .. oo-- .. o91

9.3 Quality Assuranceo.......... . .. . . . 9-3

9.4 Reliability ................... oo

10. REFERENCES ...... .,.................. o....................... 10-1
COMMENT

1. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

(Intentionally left blank.)

Page 1-1
-COMMENT

2.; TECHNICAL SUPPORT CENTER

2.1 Integration with Overall Planning

1. The design of the Technical Support Center

(TSC).addresses the following goals:

a. Provides plant management and.

" technical support to plant operations

personnel during emergency

conditions;-

b. Relieves the reactor. operators of

peripheral duties andý communications

not directly related to reactor

system manipulations;,

c. Prevents congestion in the control

room; and.

d'.Performs EOF fUnctions for the Alert

Emergency•.class and for the Site Area

Emergency class and General Emergency

class until the EOF is functional.

2. The -TSC shall be the emergency operations

work area for designated technical,

engineering, and senior licensee plant

management personnel; any other

licensee-designated personnel required to

:provide the needed technical support; and

a small staff of NRC personnel.

3. The TSC shall have facilities to support

the plant management and technical

personnel who will be assigned there

during an emergency and will be the

primary onsite communications center for

the plant during. the emergency. TSC

personnel shall use the TSC data system to

analyze the plant steady-state and dynamic

behavior prior to and throughout the

course of an accident. The results of this

.analysis will be used to provide guidance

to the control room operating personnel in

the management of abnormal conditions and

in accident mitigation. TSC personnel will

also use the environmental and

Page 2-1
COMMENT

radiological information available from ..the TSC data system- to perform the

- necessary functions of the EOF when this

facility is not operable.

4. Since the specific allocation of functions

assigned to emergency facilities will

differ from design to design, the proposal

should clearly state which functions

(Operations, Radiological Assessment,

etc.),are assigned'to the TSC.

2.2 Location

1. The TSC should:"

a. Be in the same building as the

control room if possible; if not,

then where is. it located?

b. Be within 2 minutes walking'-distance

from the control.-room.

Is the TSC within the security

perimeter?

Must-someone pass through security

checkpoints. to move from the TSC to

the control room? .--

What provisions have been made for

passing through security checkpoints

quickly and easily?

What stairways, corridors or

equipment spaces must be traversed?

Is the route between the TSC and

control room exposed to air-scattered

or direct -radi-ation -from the

containment?

What is the maximum exposure a person

will receive while walking from the

control room to the TSC during a

design basis accident (less than or

equal to 5 rem, including all other

exposures, during the course of an

accident)?

Page .2-2
COMMENT

Does-the route between the control

room and the TSC have a radiological

monitor or are there -provisions for

determining exposure rates

periodically?

c. Facilitate face to face interaction

with control room personnel.

Are there additional means (e.g..,

closed circuit TV) between the TSC

and the control room to facilitate

visual as well as auditory

communication?

What are the factors that impede

face-to-face interaction?

d. Afford access to any control room

information not available in TSC data

system.

How can data not available in the TSC

data system be provided to the TSC?

2.3 Size

1. The TSC shall provide:

a. Working space, without crowding, for

the personnel assignedto the TSC at

the maximum level of occupancy

(minimum size of working space

provided shall be approximately 75 sq

ft/person).

How much space is assigned to each

work station?

Is an operational sequence diagram

*, provided- that describes the.

.. interaction among operators, work

stations and items of equipment?

Page'2-3
COMMENT

Is-a-locational diagram provided that

.shows- where -personnel work stations

and items of equipment- will be

placed? Is the scale of the diagram

provided?

Is each work station equipped for its

function?

Are personnel grouped

Does each work

sufficient space to

assigned function?

by function?

station have

carry ..out its

Explain how the location of

facilities- and equipment is

consistent with the patterns of

interpersonal interaction and machine

utilizations that will take place.

Who needs access to which°machines?

What is the flow of information

between persons and groups?.

Are personnel

tasks located

another?

performing related

adjacent to one

Describe the

stations.

according toorganization

Are they

Figure 2.1?

of the-work

.,organized

Describe- how the workspaces are

designed to control traffic and noise,

(mechanical and conversational).

b."Space for

needed to

locations.

TSC data system equipment

transmit data to other

Where is the data displayed?

Show: how layouts

coordinated with

layouts. - -

of displays are

working space

Page 2-4
COMMENT

How much space. is available for

working: with maps, diagrams,

drawings, etc?

Where are the maps,

drawings,. etc. located?

diagrams,

Is there a description of the

characteristics of the machines in

the TSC that provides a basis for

determining their compatibility with

anthropometric guidelines (eig. Van

Cott & Kinkade, Human Engineering

Guide to Equipment Design)?

Are the characteristics of the

display devices compatible

anthropometricguidelines?

data

with

c. Sufficient space to repair, maintain,

and service equipment, displays, and

instrumentation.

How much space is provided to allow

access to backpanels for repair?

What spare-modules are available?

d. Space for unhindered access to

communications equipment by all TSC

personnel who need communications

capabilities to perform their

functions.

Is there a description of the layout

of the telephones-in the TSC?

How much space

each telephone?

minimum)

How can a ringi

easily identifie

telephones light L

is provided for

(one sq. ft.

ng telephone be

!d (i.e., do

ip when ringing)?

Page 2-5
COMMENT

e. Space for storage of and/or access to

plant records and historical data.

How much. work space is dedicated to

.ithis task?

f. A separate room, adequate for at

1-east three persons,.to be used for

private NRC consultations.

Are, three of the

stations afforded

for meetings%-

conversations?

five NRC work

sufficient privacy

and -telephone

Does this -room have a speaker

telephone? - -

What size is this room? (200 sq. ft.

minimum)

2. The TSC working space shall

minimum of .25 persons,

persons designated by the

five NRC personnel.

be sized for a

including 20

licensee and

How many. people.are-assigned to the TSC by

the emergency plan, including five NRC

personnel?

Is the- work space adequate .for

peoplel.to perform their functions?

these

2.4 Structure

J_1. The TSC complex must be, able to withstand - reasonably expected adverse conditions.

Can the TSC be operable during a

flood?

100-year

Can the 100-year

windstorm?

TSC. withstand a

Is the TSC accessible during floods and

storms?

-Page 2-6
COMMENT

2.5 Habitability

1. The TSC shall have the same radiological habitability as the control room.

Which accidents were analyzed to determine

what radiation doses would be received in

the TSC during the most severe accidents?

What are the whole body radiation

during plume passage (less than or

to.5 rem)?

doses

equal

2. The TSC ventilation

functionally comparable

room system (i.e.,

particulate air and ci

Automatic isolation is ni

Briefly describe ti

filtration system.

Is the decontamination

of the TSC system di

control room system? Br

difference,.;

system shall be

to the control

high efficiency

harcoal filter).

ot required.

he HVAC system

capability (D.F.)

fferent from the

iefly describe the

Is the HVAC system controlled

the intake?

At what airborne activity

isolation occur?

How is the level determined?

Where are the sensors located?

to isolate

level does

Page 2-7
COMMENT

3. Radiation monitoring systems shall be

either permanently installed or shall be

dedicated portable-type instruments (e.g.,

dose rate and airborne radiation

detectors). Detectors shall be able to

detect radioiodine as low as 1E-7

microcuries/cc. The licensee shall provide

the TSC with installed radiation monitors

or dedicated portable monitoring

equipment.

Are dedicated dose-rate instruments,

survey meters, and'airborne radioactivity

monitoring -,instruments assigned -to the

TSC?

Which instruments will be used?

How many of each?

Where are they-located?

How was the type, number.,and placement of

monitoring instruments determined?

What are the ranges-of these instruments?

-Do the instrument ranges cover the values

expected if the TSC's HVAC decontamination

capability fails during a DBA?

Who _js assigned to monitor-.t..,.he TSC

'habitability?

What are the qualifications of this

person?

If there is no one assigned, are there

fixed, instruments equipped:.owith audible

and visual alarms?

Page 2-8
COMMENT

At what radiation levels will these

instruments alarm?

Does the system provide a warning of-the

precautionary radiation levels in a timely

manner to allow the TSC personnel to take

protective actions?

'Are unattended .instruments in continuous

operation?

How is iodine monitored?

Is the detectibility for airborne 1-131 as

low as 1E-7 microcuries/cc?

What is- the reliability of the

continuously-operating instruments, i.e., is there- back-up power for the

instruments? Do the instruments meet'the

manufacturers specifications for

availability and accuracy? How often are

the instruments calibrated?

4. Supplies of protective clothing,

respiratory equipment and potassium iodide

shall be readily available to all TSC

personnel.

If this is not the case, how many

individuals can be supplied?

Are reserves of this equipment available

in the TSC or some other nearby location?

Where?

Are instructions for use of KI available?

How is the need for such supplies determined, i.e., when will personnel don

respiratory equipment?

Is the protection factor for respritory

equilpment equivalent to a full face mask?

Page 2-9
COMMENT.

2.6 Staffing .(NUREG-0696 and PNL TSC/EOF

Staffing- Study)-

1. The TSC shall:

a. Be fully functional within 30 minutes

of activation.

How long does it take TSC equipment

to become fully functional?

b. Consist of sufficient technical

personnel ' needed to support the

control room including individuals

who can handle ý-situations involving

operations, maintenance,

administration, security, Rad/chem,

and communications (Figure 2.1 is an

example only).

Has the licensee identified the tasks

that may need to be performed and

specified the characteristics (e.g.

skills, experience and training) of

,the persons needed to accomplish

these tasks?

2. Allocation of tasks to personnel should be

validated by an analysis of error likely

situations, especially those situations

that might exceed the human operator's

capability. in the areas of perception,

memory, information integration and

.. ,,•manipulation.of controls.

What is the total number of personnel

assigned to the TSC?

Are there adequate numbers of personnel

assigned' to the TSC to carry out its

function?

Page 2-10
TSC ORGANIZATION

HEALTH

PHYS I CS

TECHNICIAN

DOSE ASSESSMENT

COMMUNICATOR

AND RECORDER

I1

[ HYDRAULIC 1

ENGI1 NEER I

ISYS TEM S ENG INEER

SAND LIAISON

'1:TO VE1NDOR

PROCEDURE CLERK 4 AND RECORDER,

1

FIGURE 2.1

Page 2-11
COMMENT

2.7 Communications

1. If existing licensee communications

systems are to be used to meet TSC

emergency requirements the licensee must

demonstrate the system's ability to handle

added TSC requirements under emergency

conditions.

2. TSC telephone access to commercial

common-carrier services must bypass any

onsite or local offsite switching

facilities that maybe susceptable to loss

of power during emergencies.

3. How many switchboard

commercial telephone lines

are available- for use by

emergencies?

independent

to the plant

the TSC during

4. TSC voice communications must consist of a

reliable primary. a6d- backup system and

include:

a. Hotline telephone in the

consultation room on the ENS- to

NRC Operations Center.

What is the backup system

communications to the NRC?

NRC

the

for

b. Dedicated telephone

space on the NRC

Network.

in NRC office

Health Physics

What is the backup system

communications to the NRC?

for

c. Dedicated telephones to the control

room, OSC, and EOF.

Do these telephones

non-interruptable service

TSC, EOF or control room?

provide

between the

d. Dial telephones that provide access

to onsite and offsite locations.

Page 2-12
COMMENT

e. Intercommunications systems between

any- separate work areas within the

TSC.

Is there an intercom to connect the

TSC manager and supervisors?

f. Communications to licensee mobile

monitoring teams.

g. Communications to State and local

operations centers.

h. Radio communications with onsite and

offsite organizations and response

groups.

5. At least two additional dial telephone

lines must be provided for use by NRC

personnel.

6. Facsimile transmission capability between

the TSC, EOF and NRC Operations .Center

must also be provided.

7. Provision must be made for 24-hour per day

notification to and activation of the

State/local emergency response network,

with, 24-hour per day manning of

communication .links that initiate

emergency response-actions (NUREG-0654).

8. A.coordinated communication link for fixed

and mobile medical support facilities

shall be provided (NUREG-0654).

9. Are there descriptions of- how the

following communications needs are met?

TSC Manager with

Corporate HQ

Control Room

EOF

OSC

NRC

State/l ocal governments

Vendors

Page 2-13
COMMENT

Administrative Supervisor with

Corporate HQ

Backup communications

Security force

EOF

Rad/Chem Supervisor withO

Radio to HP technicians

HP control point

OSC

Chemical laboratory

EOF

State/local governments

HPN

Engineering Supervisor with

Corporate HQ

Control Room

OSC

EOF

Vendors

NRC ..Radio to corrective action teams

2.8 Instrumentation,

.and Power Supplies.

Data System Equipment,

These methodologies are

Sections.6, 7,'8 and 9.

addressed in

2.9 Technical Data and Data System

These methodologies

sections 6, 7, 8 and 9.

are addressed in

Page 2-14
COMMENT

2.10 Records Availability and Management

1. The TSC personnel shall have ready access

to . up-to-date records, operational

specifications, and procedures that

include but are not limited to:

a. Plant meteorological data,

b. SPD systems,

c. Plant technical specifications,

d. Plant operating procedures,

e. Emergency operating procedures,

f.- Final Safety Analysis Report,

g. Plant operating records,

h. Plant operations reactor safety

committee records and reports,

i. Records needed to perform the

functions of the EOF when it is not

operational, and

j. Up-to-date,

schematics,

conditions of

systems down

as well as

these systems.

as-built drawings,

and diagrams showing

plant structures and

to the component level,

in-plant locations of

k. Checklists, guides, worksheets

other job performance aids.

and

2. The licensee

records in

the facility

shall have all of the above

the TSC in current form when

is fully activated.

What procedures have been established to

update these records as necessary to

ensure that they are current and complete?

Describe the method of storage and

presentation of the TSC records which

ensures their availability and ease of

access under emergency conditions.

Page 2-15
COMMENT

3.0 CONTROL ROOM

3.1 Integration with Overall Planning

1. The design of the control room (CR)

addresses the following goals during

normal operation:

a. The control room is the onsite

location from which the nuclear power

plant is operated. It- contains the

instrumentation, controls, and

displays for:

nuclear systems,

reactor coolant systems,

steam systems,

electrical systems,

safety systems, and

accident monitoring systems.

b. The control room is staffed during

normal operations-by a minimum of:

a shift supervisor who is a senior

l~icensed reactor operator and

whose duty station may be in the

immediate vicinity, outside of

the control room itself;

a shift foreman who, is -a senior

licensed reactor operator and

whose duty station is in the

control room;

control room operators, two

licensed reactor' operators,

whose duty stations are in the

control room;

auxiliary operators, two

operators, whose

assignments are set-by

supervisor.

reactor

duty

the shift

Page 3-1
COMMENT

2. The design of the control room addresses

the following goals during emergency

condition operations:

a. At the start of an emergency

situation, the control room staff

performs the following functions:

monitor plant parameters,

analyze abnormal conditions,

take corrective actions,

classify emergency,.

make initial notification to shift

supervisor,

shift foreman, and shift

technical .advisor,

establish initial trends in plant

parameters,

establish necessary control -room

staff changes,

establish communications with plant

emergency response teams,

establish communications with

Emergency Response Facilities,

and

manage plant operations.

3.2 Staffing

1. The personnel organization in the control

room is shown in Figure 3-1.

2. The succession of authority if the senior

person is incapacitated or unavailable

must be addressed.

3. The functional organization in the control

room during an abnormal event is shown in

Figure 3-2.

Page 3-2
COMMENT

3.3 Communications

1. The following onsite and offsite

communication links for continuous

information exchange must be available.

commercial telephone

dedicated telephone

radio.

plant intercom

Are these communication systems described?

2. The shift supervisor, shift foreman, and

technical advisor or their designates must

be immediately notified of an abnormal

condition. Indicate expected average and

maximum notification times.

3. After the TSC is operational, the control

room staff must verify that TSC

communication links with emergencyteams

are established-and functional.

4. Verification must be madethat information

going to ERF's is correct.

3.4 ERF Phase

After the TSC is operational, does the

Control Room staff relinquish the

following functions:

managing plant operations, and

peripheral, duties and communications~not

directly related to reactor system

manipulations.

Page 3-3
CONTROL ROOM ORGANIZATION

SHIFT SUPERVISOR

(SENIOR LICENSED

REACTOR OPERATOR)

TECHNICAL

ADVISOR

JTECHNICAL

ASSISTANTS

(AS REQUIRED)

I I

COMMUNICATOR SHIFT FOREMAN

(SENIOR LICENSED

REACTOR OPERATOR) 1

CONTROL ROOM

OPERATOR

(LICENSED REACTOR

OPERATOR) - •: ..,2 • .. . ... .

I

AUXILIARY

OPERATOR

n I

AUXILIARY.

OPERATOR

• ~1 "

FIGURE 3.1

Page 3-4
FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION - CONTROL ROOM

COMMUNICATI ONS

EMERGENCY

RES PONS E

FACILITIES

-a

COMMUNI CATIONS

OFFS ITE PERSONS

t

COMMUNICATIONS

ONS I TE PERSONS

I i ,I 

CLASSIFY

EMERGENCY

-MANAGE- TAKE MONITOR TRENDS

PLANT~, CORRECTIVE-* IN PLANT

OPERATIONS ACTION -PARAMETERS

ANALYSIS OF

ABNORMAL

CONDITIONS

ABNORMAL PLANTPARAMETER VALUES

OR INDI CATORS

FUNCTIONAL UNTIL TSC OPERATIONAL

FIGURE 3.2

Page 3-5
COMMENT

4. OPERATIONAL SUPPORT CENTER

4.1 Integration with Overall Planning

1. The design of the Operational Support

Center (OSC) addresses the following

goal s:

a. Provides a location where plant

logistic support can be coordinated

during an emergency, and

b. Restricts control room access to

those support personnel specifically

requested by the shift supervisor.

2.. An onsite- operational support center is

separate from the control room and the TSC

and is where licensee operations support..

personnel will- assemble in an emergency.

Where is it located?

Describe the isolation of the OSC from the

TSC and control room.

Where are the backup OSC sites and are

they accessible (e.g. onsite or nearsite)

and habitable?.

Will the back-up OSC be habitable if the

primary OSC is not?

3. Provision shall be made for an alternate

health physics control point. Where is it

located?

4. The health physics control point shall be

immediately accessible to the OSC. (i.e.,

will personnel traveling from the OSC to

the H.P. control point receive less than 5

rem when combined with other exposures

during the course of an accident?)

Page 4-1
I

COMMENT

5. Can personnel access storage facilities

,without receiving greater than. 5 rem (when

combined with other exposures) during the

course of an--accident?

4.2 Habitability

1. No specific habitability requirements are

established for the OSC.

Is the OSC as habitable as the control

room? Discuss.

Is the shielding comparable to the control

room? Discuss.

Is the ventilation comparable to the

control room? Discuss.

2. If the OSC habitability is not comparable

to that of the control room, procedures

shall, be- available for evacuation of OSC

personnel in the event of a large

radioactive release.

If OSC has to be evacuated, what are the

criteria for evacuation?

Have key people been selected - to remain

onsite (or nearsite) to continue OSC

functions?

Are other personnel, evacuated offsite

from the OSC, available to provide

additional OSC functions if required?

3. How are radiation levels determined in the

OSC?

Page 4-2
COMMENT

4. Emergency supplies (protective clothing,

respirators, 'survey meters, dosimeters and

KI) shall be available in the OSC for all

personnel assigned at the.facility.

What alternate supply arrangements have

been made?

Where are equipment and supplies stored?

How does OSC staff obtaintheir equipment?

(i.e., is it signed out, just taken, etc.)

4.3 Communications

1. There shall be a direct and dedicated

primary communication link with the

control room and TSC. .

2. Communications with the TSC and control

room shall be available at the backup OSC.

3. A dial phone shall be available in the OSC

for other onsite and offsite locations.

-4. Direct voice intercommunications and/or

reliable direct radio communications may

be used for supplementing telephone-links.

Page 4-3
COMMENT

4.4 Staffing

1. Personnel shall be assigned to the OSC

for:

a.

b.

C. d.•

e.

f.

g.

h.

Damage Control

Fire Brigade

First Aid

Radiation Control

Decontamination

Radiological and En

Surveys

Maintenance/Repairs

Other Operations Personnel

vironmental

shall be

management

licensee' t s

functions.

2. When the OSC is activated, it

supervised by licensee

personnel designated in the

emergency plan to perform these

Who will be in charge of the OSC?

3. Team leaders shall be assigned for each

functional group.

4.5 Size

1. The OSC shall be large enough to

accommodate assigned personnel and

equipment to be stored in the OSC (e.g. 15

sq.ý ft. per person for evaluative purposes

only).

2. Decontamination facilities

readily available.

should be

Where are they-located?

Page 4-4
COMMENT

5. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS FACILITY

5.1 Integration

Planning.-

1. The design of

Facility- (EOF)

goals:

a. Management

with Overall Emergency

the Emergency Operations

addresses the following

of overall. licensee

emergency .response;

b. Coordination of radiological and

environmental assessment;

c. Determination-of recommended public

protective actions; and

d. Coordination of -emergency response

activities with Federal, State, and

-local agencies.

2. The EOF shall be staffed by licensee,

Federal, State, local and other emergency

personnel designated by the emergency

plan.

3. Facilities

for the

evaluation

meteorologi

pertinent

protective

shall be provided in the EOF

acquisition, display, and

-of all radio~ogical,-

cal and plant -system data

to determining offsite

measures.

4. The licensee shall use the EOF to

coordinate its emergency response

activities with thoseof the local, State,

,and Federal agencies, including the NRC.

Licensee personnel in the EOF will assess

potential offsite effects -and make

appropriate protective action

-recommendations-.for the public to State

and local emergency response agencies. The

.EOF may. be. used as a location for

information dissemination to the public

via the news media by designated

spokespersons in accordance with the

licensee's emergency plan. The licensee

Page 5-1
COMMENT

also may use the EOF as the post-accident

-recovery management center. Since the

specific allocation of functions assigned

to emergency facilities will differ from

design to design, the proposal should

-clearly state which functions

(Radiological Assessment, Security,

Coordination with Offsite Agencies) are

assigned to the EOF.

5.2 Location, Structure--and Habitability

1. The siting of the EOF should include the

following criteria:

a. Whether the location facilitates

carrying out the functions specified

for the EOF (i.e., determination of

public, protective actions to be

recommended by the .. licensee to

offsite officials, and coordination

of the licensee with Federal, State,

and local organizations).

Describe the transportation network

in the vicinity of the EOF adequate

to assure rapid coverage of the EPZ

by monitoring teams.

Is the EOF placed in a location that

is readily accessible by road to

Federal, State, local government

officials as well as the licensee's

corporate and site operations

personnel?

Has the selection of the EOF location

been coordinated with State/local

officials?

Page 5-2
COMMENT

b. What radiation doses would be

expected when the EOF is -accessed

during DBA or other specified

accident (less than or equal, to

5 rem)?

* Is the EOF accessible during

periods of radiation releases?

Is there an alternate EOF?

2. The EOF must be able to withstand

reasonable-,expected adverse conditions.

(e.g., 100 year - floods and high

winds)

How would the 100-year water levels

and winds affect the. operation of

the EOF?

3. The EOF shall have a ' protection

factor greater than or equal to -five

if located within 10 miles of TSC;

no protection level is necessary .if

located beyond 10 miles of the TSC.

Protection factor is defined in

terms of the attenuation of 0.7 MeV

gamma radiation.

Page 5-3
COMMENT

4. The EOF ventilation system shall be

functionally comparable to the control

room system and TSC (i.e., high efficiency

particulate air filter;. no .charcoal.) if

located within 10 miles of TSC. If

located beyond 10 miles from the TSC,- the

EOF needs no ventilation protection.

To what level will the HEPA filters reduce

particulate levels?

Is the HVAC system controlled to permit

isolation of the intake?

At what level of airborne activity is

isolation performed?

How is the level determined?

Where are the sensors located?

Where-is this level monitored?

5. Protective clothing, respiratory equipment

and potassium iodide shall be readily

available to all EOF personnel.

If not, how many people would be supplied?

Are reserves of supplies available?

Where are they located?

How .is the need for these supplies

determined? (i.e., when will respiratory

equipment be used?)

Is the protection factor for respiratory

equipment equivalent to a full face mask?

Are instructions for KI use provided in

the EOF?

Page 5-4
COMMENT

5.3 Staffing (NUREG-0696 and PNL TSC/EOF

Staffing Study)

1. The EOF shall:

a. Be functional within one hour of

activation;

What equipment takes more than 60

minutes to--become operational?

How long does it take to fully staff

-the EOF?

What is the procedure to ensure

notification of the minimum EOF

staff?

b. Include staff to engage in onsite and

offsite radiological monitoring and a

senior management. person to be in

charge of all licensee activities in

the EOF. An example of additional

staffing needs for the EOF are given

in Figure 5-1 (from the PNL TSC/EOF

Staffing Study.)

c. Has the licensee identified the tasks

that may need to be performed and.

specified the characteristics (e.g.

skills,. experience and training) of

the .persons needed to accomplish

these tasks?

2. Allocation of tasks to personnel should be

validated by an analysis of error likely

situations, especially those situations

that might. exceed the human operator's

capability in the areas of perception,

memory, information integration and

manipulation of controls.

What is the total number of personnel

assigned to the EOF?,Are there adequate

numbers of personnel assigned to the EOF

to carry out its function?

Page 5-5
EOF ORGANIZATION

ADMINI STRATIVE

SUPERVISOR

r 1

I . • -

DOSE

ASSESSMENT

SUPERV ISOR

1

v

NRC LIAISON

(1 ENG I NEER

1 DOSE

ASSESSMENT) ENG I NEER I NG

.SUPERVISOR

(ASSISTANT

MANAGER)

1

HEALTH

PHYS I CIST

3

FIGURE 5.2

Page 5-6
COMMENT

5.4 Size

1. The EOF building or building complex shall

be large enough to provide:

a. Working space for the personnel

assigned to the-EOF as specified in

the licensee's emergency plan,

including State and local agency

personnel, at the maximum level of

occupancy without crowding (minimum

size of total working spaceprovided

shall -be approximately 75 sq

ft/person);

How mtuch space is assigned to each

work station?

Is an operational sequence diagram

provided that describes the

interaction among EOF staff, work

stations and items of equipment?

Is a locational diagram provided that

shows where personnel work stations

and items of equipment will beplaced? Is the scale of the diagram

provided?

Is each work station equipped for its

function (i.e., manager, liaison,

dose assessment, engineering,

administration etc.)?

Are personnel grouped by function?

Does each work station have

sufficient space to carry out its

assigned function?

Explain how the location of

facilities and equipment is

consistent with the patterns of

interpersonal interaction and machine

utilizations that will take place.

Who needs access to.which machines?

Page 5-7
-COMMENT

What is the flow of information

between persons and groups?

Are personnel

tasks located

another?

performing related

adjacent to one

Describe the organizations of the

work stations. Are they organized

according to Figure 5.2?

Describe how the workspaces are

designed to control traffic and noise

(mechanical and conversational).

b. Space for

needed to

locations.

EOF data system equipment

transmit data to other

Where is the data displayed?

Are layouts of displays coordinated

with working space layouts?

How much space is there for working

with maps, diagrams, drawings, etc.

Where- are the maps,

drawings, etc., located?

diagrams,

Is there a description of the

characteristics of the machines in

the EOF that provides a basis for

determining their compatibility with

anthropometric guidelines (e.g. Van

Cott & Kinkade, Human Engineering

Guide to Equipment-Design)?

Are the characteristics of the

display devices compatible

anthropometric guidelines? -

data

with

c. Sufficient space

maintenance,

equipment,

instrumentation;

to perform repair,

and service of

displays, and

Page 5-8
COMMENT

How much space is provided to allow

access to back panels for repair?

What spare modules-are available?.

Is a working station assigned for

.repair and maintenance?

d. Space for unhindered access to

commfiinications equipment by all EOF

personnel who need communications

capabilities to perform their

functions.

Is there a description of the layout

of the telephones in the EOF?

How much space Is provided for

each telephone (about 1 sq. ft.)?

How can a ringing telephone be

easily identified (i.e., do phones

light up when ringing)?

e. Space for ready access to functional

displays of EOF data.

Is there space to display maps of the-"

EPZ?

f.Space for storage of plant records

and historical data. Records, data"

and drawings may be kept in TSC if

they can be displayed in the EOF by

an automated method of retrieval.

How much work space is dedicated to

this task?

g. Separate office space to accommodate

at least -five NRC personnelduring

periods that the EOF is activated.

-How much office space is allocated

for NRC use (at least 250-375 sq.

ft.)?

Does this room have a speaker

telephone?

Page 5-9
COMMENT

2. The *EOF working space shall be large

enough for at least 35 persons, including

25 persons designated by the licensee, 9

persons from.NRC, and 1 person from FEMA.

This minimum space shall be increased if

the maximum staffing levels specified in

the licensee's emergency plan, including

representatives from State and local

agencies, exceeds 25 persons.

How many people are assigned-to the EOF by

the Emergency Plan including the NRC

personnel and one FEMA person?

Is the workspace adequate for these people

to perform their functions?

Are workspaces designed to control noise

and traffic and to avoid unintended

dissemination of confidential information?

Are provisions made for liaison persons

from offsite organizations (if desired by

these organizations)?

i.5 Radiological Monitoring

1. The licensee shall provide the EOF with

i-nstalled radiation monitors or dedicated,

portable monitoring equipment.

Are dedicated dose rate instruments,

survey meters and airborne radioactivity

monitoring instruments assigned to the

EOF?

Which instruments will be used?

Where are instruments located?

How many of each?

How were types of, number of, and

placement of monitors determined?

What range do these instruments have?

Page 5-10
COMMENT

2. These systems shall continuously indicate

radiation. dose rates, airborne

radioactivity concentrations and the

presence of radioiodine as low as 1E-7

microcuries/cc in the EOF.

Is someone assigned to monitor the EOF

habitability when radiation releases are

taking place?

What are the qualifications of this

person?

If-not, are there fixed instruments which

are equipped with audible and visual

al arms?

At what radiation levels will these

instruments alarm?

Are unattended instruments in continuous

operation?

How is iodine monitored?

Is the detection limit for airborne 1-131

as low as 1E-7 microcurries/cc?

What is the reliability of the

continuously operating instruments? (i.e.,

is there back-up power for the

instruments? Do the instruments meet the

manufacturers specifications for

availability and accuracy? How often are

the instruments calibrated?)

Page 5-11
COMMENT

3. These monitoring systems shall include

local alarms with trip levels set to

provide early warning to EOF personnel of

adverse conditions that may affect the

habitability of the EOF.

What are, the trip levels of these

instruments?

Does the instrument system provide a

warning of precautionary radiation levels

in a timely manner to allow the EOF

personnel to take protective actions?

4. Does the EOF have a counting room?

What instruments are available in the

counting room?

Where are backup counting rooms located?.

Is the counting. room or receiving room

readily accessible to offsite- EOF

.personnel and mon.itoring teams?

Is the monitoring equipment stored at the

EOF? If not, where is it stored?

Supplies of protective clothing,

respiratory equipment and KI shall be

readily available for all personnel who

may need access to the plant or may enter

the airborn plume.

Are instructions for the use of KI

available?

Are reserves of equipment available in the

EOF or some nearby location?

Where?

How is the' need for sukh supplies

determined? i.e., when will personnel, don

respiratory equipment?

Is the protection factor for respiratory .equipment equivalent to a full face mask?

Page 5-12
COMMENT

5.6 -Communications

"1. EOF telephone access to commercial

telephone common carrier services must

bypass any local telephone switching

facilities that may be susceptible to loss

of power in emergencies.

How many switchboard independent

commercial telephone lines are available

in the EOF?

2..EOF voice communications must consist of a

reliable primary and backup system and

include:

a. Hotline telephone located in the NRC

office space (and also in the

licensee space if desired by the

licensee) on the emergency

notification system (ENS) to the NRC

Operations Center;

' What is the backup system for

communications to the NRC?

* - b. Dedicated telephone located in the

NRC office space (and also in the

licensee space if desired by the

licensee) on the NRC Health physics

network (HPN);

What is the backup system for

communication to the NRC?

c. Dedicated telephones for management

communications with direct access to

the TSC and the control room;

Do these telephones provide

non-interruptable service between EOF

and TSC or control room?

* - d. Dial telephones that provide access

to.onsite and offsite locations;

Page 5-13
COMMENT

e. Intercommunications systems between

work areas of the EOF, if needed for

the EOF functional performance and if

the EOF is comprised of separate

functional areas;

Is there an intercom to connect the

EOF manager and supervisors?

f. Radio communications to licensee

mobile monitoring teams;

Are there provisions to use

commercial telephones as a backup?

g. Communications to State and local

operations centers;

What are the primary and backup

communications?

Are they diverse, redundant and

dedicated?

h. Communications to facilities outside

the EOF'used to provide supplemental

support for EOF evaluations.

Are there primary and backup

communications to corporate HQ?

3. The EOF communication system shall also

include designated telephones (in addition

to the ENS and HPN telephones) for use by

NRC personnel. The licensee shall provide

at least two dial telephone lines for such

-NRC use when the EOF is activated. The

licensee shall also furnish the onsite

access facilities and cables to the NRC

for the ENS and HPN telephones.

4. Facsimile transmission capability between

the EOF, the TSC, and the NRC Operations

Center shall be provided.

Is facsimile transmission capability

installed and tested for compatibility

with NRC and offsite authorities?

Page 5-14
COMMENT

5. Are there descriptions of how the

following communications needs are met?

EOF manager with

Corporate HQ

TSC

Control RoomNRC

State Government

Local Government

EOF Supervisors

Administrative supervisor with

Corporate HQ

TSC Security communication centerOutside telephone lines

EOF manager

Telefax

Photocopying

Dose assessment supervisor with

HPN telephone

TSC

EOF manager

Outside line

Radio to monitoring teams

Engineering supervisor with

Control Room

TSC

Corporate

Outside lines

Vendors

Liaison supervisor with

Corporate HQ

NRC

State Government

Local Government

TV Monitor (news stations)"

Page 5-15
COMMENT

5.7 Instrumentation, :Data System Equipment,

and Power Supplies

These methodologies are addressed in

Sections 6, 7, 8, and 9.

5.8 Technical Data and Data System

These methodologies are addressed in

Sections 6, 7, 8, and 9.

5.9 Records Availability and Management

1. EOF personnel shall have ready access to

up-to-date records, operational

specifications, and procedures that

include but are not-limited to:

a. Plant meteorological data.

Does the EOF have access to primary

and backup meteorological data?

Are dose assessment procedures

designed to use either data set?

b. Up-to-date records related to

licensee, State, and local emergency

response plans.

Does the EOF have up-to-date copies

of State, local and Federal emergency

response plans.and procedures?

c. Safety Parameter Display System.

d. Offsite population distribution.data.

e. Plant technical specifications.

Are specifications, records,

drawings, and reports the current

ones (what- are the .most current

dates)?

f. Evacuation plans.

-Page 5-16
COMMENT

g. Plant operating procedures.

h. Environs radiological monitoring

records.

i. Emergency operating procedures.

j. Licensee employee radiation exposure

histories.

k. Final Safety Analysis Report.

1. Up-to-date, as-built drawings,

schematics, and diagrams showing:

Conditions of plant structures

and systems down to the

component level, and

In-plant locations of these

systems.

m. Checklists, guides, worksheets and

other job performance aids.

2. These records shall either be stored and

maintained in the EOF (such as hard copy

or microfiche) or shall be readily

available via transmittal to the EOF from

another records storage location. -The

method of storage and presentation of the

EOF records shall ensure ease of access

under emergency conditions. The records

available to the EOF shall be completely

updated as necessary to ensure currency

and completeness.

How are records stored and maintained in

the EOF?

Are records readily available for

transmission to the EOF from another

.,storage location?

Are records-stored so as to be readily and

easily accessible?

How are records updated?

How are the records accessed?

Page 5-17
COMMENT

6. Data Acquisition System

6.1 DAS Functional Description

The function of a data acquisition system

(DAS) in the

document is

data for

facilities.

showing the

acquisition

context of this methodology

to provide a basic source of

all emergency response

A functional-block diagram,

facilities to be used for data

and their functional

interconnection to ERF's and other plant

facilities should be provided. Figures 2

and 3 of NUREG-0696 are examples of such

diagrams.

6.2 DAS.Facilities

It is anticipated that a dedicated data

acquisition system, consisting of a single

facility or a functionally integrated,

physically distributed facility will be.

proposed for most sites. However,

NUREG-0696 does not require that utilities

provide specific, dedicated DAS

facilities, only that they perform

specific data acquisition functions. Some

sites may propose to perform DAS functions

by sharing other facilities such as the

plant process control computer. In either

case, any facilities used for the

acquisition -of any and al-I data relating

to safety parameters and ERF's should

address the following areas.

1. DAS Layout

Describe the layout

or photograph of

equipment room

console(s) may be s

of -the DAS. .A- drawing

the system(s), showing

layout and operator

ufficient.

Page 6-1
COMMENT

2. DAS Environment

a. Where is the DAS located?

b. What fire protection facilities are

provided?

c. Is the room temperature controlled?

What is the heat output of the

equipment?,

What is the heat removal capacity of

the air conditioning system?.

d. What humidity controls-are provided?

e. Concerning electrical power:

What power sources are available?

What-are the DAS power requirements?

Is the source uninterruptable?

What is the backup source?

3. DAS Physical Security and Access

a. Describe the security procedures which

determine who may access DAS.equipment..

b. Identify the authorized personnel.

Can. the 'user stop the system via a

normal aisplay device?

Can.the user stop. the system without

entering the DAS resource restricted.

area or enclosure?

Page 6-2
COMMENT

6.3 DAS Equipment Specifications

In order to evaluate the capability of a

proposed DAS to acquire and distribute

data in a manner consistant with the

functional criteria in.NUREG-0696, the DAS

equipment configuration must be-understood

in detail. The following questions are to

be applied to any subsystem of a

dedicated, distributed DAS, as well as to

any system which shares DAS functions with

other plant functions.

I. Dedicated DAS

What facilities are provided for the

acquisition of data to be provided for

ERF's?

a. Specify the computer hardware

configuration:

What vendor?

What model number?

What is the processor's

computation

speed? instructions/sec.

What is the system's

configuration?

Number of processors:

Page 6-3
COMMENT

For each processor or

subsystem, indicate the

following:

Working storage: bytes.

What type? (core, MOS, etc.)

Error detection and/or

correction capability?

On-line disk storage:

Number of controllers:

Number of drives:

Total capacity: bytes.

Maximum access

time: sec.

Minimum transfer

rate: bytes/sec-.

Tape storage:

Drive type: (7 or 9 track)

Number of drives:

Maximum

density: bytes/inch.

Speed: inches/sec.

Page 6-4
COMMENT

Data Acquisition Hardware:

Number of analog

channel s:

Sampling rate per

channel: sampl es/sec.

Resolution per

channel: bits.

Number of digital

'channels:

Bits per digital "channel:___

Data communications hardware:

Number of ports:

Type of ports: (RS-232,

V35, etc.)

Average-data rate per

port: bits/sec.

b. What software operating system is

used?

c. Will this operating system

software be specially modified for

use with the DAS? If so, describe

the proposed modifications and

their justification.

d. Identify any other software

components of the DAS and their

source.

Page 6-5
COMMENT

2. Additional Requirements for Non-dedicated

DAS

a. If the plant process control computer, or

any other computer facility not fully

dedicated to acquisition of- data for

ERF's, is to be employed, the following

information must be understood in addition

to that specified in 6.3.1.

What facilities, hardware and

software, are included in the

configuration to insure that

emergency response facility data

acquisition functions and other

functions do not interfere with and degrade each other?

Does the configuration include

dual processors with separate

functions?

Do programs and data for the

separate functions reside in

physically separate working

storage and on-line storage

facilities?

Does the operating system

software provide for the

implementation and isolation of

separate functional tasks?

What user-callable system

services are provided to

facilitate non-cooperating,

concurrent processes?

How does the operating

system deal with

conflicting requests for

system resources?

What is the system's

deadlock avoidance

mechanism?

Page 6-6
COMMENT

6.4 Sensor Data to be.Acquired

1. Plant variables of Type A, B, C, D, and E,

as specified in Regulatory Guide 1.97

Revision 2 Table I(BWR's) or 2(PWR's), are

required; identify any exclusions,

deviations, or additions and describe the

justification for each.

2. Meteorological data described in

Regulatory Guide 1.23 Revision 1 is-.

required; identify any exclusions,

deviations, or additions and describe the

justification for each.

3. For each automatically monitored sensor:

At what location is the data from the

sensor physically obtained for the DAS?

Is isolation provided? If so, describe.

Describe the cabling between the sensor

and the DAS.

If-the sensor signal is not connected

directly to a DAS input, describe any

and all intermediate circuits and/or

equipment.

At what rate is the sensor

sampled: samples/sec.

At what res6l'ut1n'is the sensor data

read: bits.

4. For any data which is entered by a manual

process describe:

The method of entering the data.

The time required to enter the data.

Procedures which have been established

for entering the data.

Verification processes used to insure

-the data'has been entered correctly and

in a timely manner.

Page 6-7
I

COMMENT

6.5 Data to be Provided for Dose Assessment 1

NUREG-0696 requires that, in addition to

radiological and meteorological -data

specified in 6.4, the output obtained from

a Class A transport and diffusion

(dispersion) model, described in

NUREG-0654, Revision 1, Appendix .2, be

displayed in the EOF. If these transport

and diffusion estimates are to be sent to

the EOF via the DAS, identify:

The source of these data;

The manner in which these data enter

the DAS;

The volume of data generated by the.

model; and

The rate ý:at which these -data are

input to the DAS.

Page 6-8
COMMENT

7. Data Display Systems

7.1*Functional Display Devices

Data is acquired and processed by the DAS

for presentation in the TSC, the EOF, and

on the SPDS. displays in the control room.

A functional description of the display

devices used. in each of these facilities

is required to determine their ability to

meet the requirements of NUREG-0696.

1. Displays Required

There must be a minimum of the following

display units present in each ERF

location.

a. Control Room Displays

The primary SPDS display must be in the

control room.

b. TSC Displays.

There must be a dedicated mimic SPDS

display unit in the TSC.

Since trend - information must be

displayed, there must be at least one

graphical display unit.in-the TSC. If

trend information is not displayed on a

graphical display unit, an alternate

method of display must be provided and

justified.

There must be at least one dedicated

terminal available to call up and

-display data specifically related to

TSC functions (i.e., plant system

Variables other than those included in

the SPDS).

Page. 7-1
COMMENT

There must be at least one terminal

dedicated for display of in-plant and

offsite radiological variables and

meteorological information, for

exclusive use in performing EOF

functions *in the TSC.

There must be at least one hardcopy

device available for printing

information displayed on the CRT's.

There must be at least one hard copy

device capable of displaying graphics

information. It is not necessary for

the graphics printer to have the

resolution or color equivalent of the

graphics screen.

If static pictorial records such as

area maps, building drawings, component

drawings or system diagrams are kept on

a computer for call up, a second

dedicated graphics display-device must

be provided for this purpose.

c. EOF'-Displays

There must be a dedicated mimic SPDS

display unit in the EOF.

There must be a dedicated display

device for the monitoring function to

monitor. radiological, meteorological

and plant variable data.

If the radiological evaluation function

in the EOF is performed with the aid of

a computer, there must be a dedicated

terminal for this function.

There must be a dedicated display

device for obtaining information needed

by offsite officials.

Since trending information must be

displayed, a graphical display unit is

required. This unit could also be used

to display graphical data related to

offsite dose predictions (i.e., plume

dispersion, maps).

Page 7-2
COMMENT

If static pictorial records, such as

area maps, building drawings, component

drawings or system diagrams are kept on

a computer for call-up, a second

dedicated graphics display device must

be provided for this purpose.

If a terminal is used for news media

briefings, it must be an additional

separate terminal.

There must be at least one hardcopy

device available which is capable o f

printing the displays on the CRT's.

There must be at least one hard copy

device capable of displaying graphics

information. It is not necessary for

the graphics printer to have the

resolution or color equivalent of the

graphics screen.

2. Display Device Functional Descriptions

For each parameter specified in 6.4 and

6.5 describe:

a. The information to be displayed at the

TSC and the EOF.

b. The format in which it will be

displayed.

c. The method required to initiate the

display of the parameter. (i.e.,

operator request, continuous-display,

etc.)

d. Describe the method for display of

trending information.

e. Describe the method for recall and

display of historical data.

Page 7-3
COMMENT

3. Display Device Hardware Description

What equipment is provided to display data

in the ERF's?.

CRT Terminals:

Vendor name / Model Number?

I/0 data rates?

As a minimum CRT screen capacity

should be 80 characters by 24 lines.

If the screens do not meet this

requirement, specify• their capacity

and the justification for using the

smaller capacity.

Define any special function

keystroke input to be used.

What is.the physical screen size?

Is there control over the charicter

brightness?

--If the terminal is intelligent,

describe any special features that

would be used, and how.

Hardcopy printers:

...Vendor name / Model number?

Print rate (lines/minute)?

What is.the number of characters per

line?

What is the character set available?

Does the printer have graphics

capabilities -that will be used? If

so, what are they and how will they

be used?

Page 7-4
COMMENT

Is the noise level generated by the

printer when it is operating

acceptable for the environment in

which it is located?

Graphics equipment:

Is the display hardware raster or

vector driven?

If the device is vector driven, what

is the addressibility (number of

spatial resolution points on the

display screen)? 512 X 256 is the

minimum acceptable.

What is the line width of vectors

drawn? 0.05 inches is the maximum

acceptable.

What is the speed at which vectors

are drawn on the screen (full screen

vectors or inches per second)? 50

full screen vectors per second is

the minimum acceptable.

If the display is a raster device,

what is the pixel size and

resolution (number of pixels on the

screen)?

If the raster device is monochrome,

how many levels of gray are

available? How many are actually

used?

If the device is color, how many

different colors may be displayed

simultaneously? How many are

actually used?

What is the data transfer rate to

the device? (specify pixels/second,

vectors/second, or bits per second).

Does the data transfer rate support

the device's display capability?

Page 7-5
COMMENT

What is the refresh display rate of

the display device? 30 Hertz is the

minimum acceptable refresh rate.

Does the device have hardware vector

generation capability?

Does the device have hardware

character generation capability?

4. Availability of functional display data- to

the ERF display systems

a. What is the maximum response time to

queries for information required during an

emergency situation? The minimum

acceptable response time is three seconds

for at least 90% of the queries for

information.

b. If a response takes longer than 2-3

seconds, is the operator informed that the

requested operation is in progress?

c. If the displayed data is inconsistent or

faulty, how is this deficiency indicated?

5. Functional Display Format

a. What is the primary format used for data

display? (Actual examples are preferred).

b. Is the display of sufficient quality and

simplicity that it may be seen and

understood from the distances required by

staff location? Factors to consider:

Is the most important information

grouped in the upper-rightmhand

quadrant of the display?

How are related items of information

grouped together on the screen?

How are sub-areas of the display

separated?

Page 7-6
COMMENT

Does every

header, and

consistent?

display page

are the

have a

headers

If color is used to highl~ight and

differentiate portions of display

formats, how many different colors

are used and for what purpose is each

used?

What other

(reverse

characters,

display for

is each usec

display dimensions

video, size, blinking

etc.) are used in the

-mats and for what purpose I?

6. Operator Interface to System

a. Can the operator

with simple word

Some examples

provided.

call up optional displays

or keystroke commands?

of- commands should be

b. What is the maximum time required to enter

a request for information? (30 seconds

should be the-maximum:time).

c. What are the levels of expertise needed to

operate the system?

7. Functional Display Position

a. What is the number of displays in each

facility (TSC and EOF)?

b. What is the position of each display

device in the room?

c. What is. the maximum number of

must view the display in an .... tsituati.on?

people who

emergency

d. What are the distances and angles at which

the display must be viewed?

e. Are there any room illumination

which must be utilized for proper

of the display devices?

controls

viewing

Page 7-7
COMMENT

7.2 SPDS

1.. Availability of safety parameter data

for the SPDS displays

What• are the safety parameters

available to the SPDS?

Are there any times when any such

parameters are unavailable?

2. Recognizability of the SPDS display

What features of the SPDS display

distinguish it from the other

displays. and devices in the ERF and

control rooms?

3. SPDS Location

a. Describe the location of the SPDS

displays in the ERF's and control

room.

b. How does the' location of the SPDS

insure that it can be easily

accessed by the staff members -

- requiring the safety information

displayed?

c. Is the - SPDS physically compatible.

with the existing facilities?

d. Does the SPDS present a hazard or

obstacle to normal operation of the

ERF?

4. SPDS Staffing

The SPDS should require no staff in

addition to that necessary for the

operation of the, ERF. How does the

design of the SPDS insure that this

is the case?

7.3 Other Display Devices

If. display devices other than those

required by NUREG-0696 (EOF, TSC,

and SPDS) are connected to the DAS,

what are these devices and their

degree of impact on DAS performance..

Page 7-8
COMMENT

8. Data Communications

8.1 Description

,1. Provision must be made for adequate and

reliable transfer of data among the

components of the Data Acquisition-System,

and between the Data Acquisition System

and the:

Tec-hnical Support Center

Emergency Operations Facility

Safety Parameter Display System displays

Nuclear Data Link communications'equipment

Meteorological Data Facility

2. Provision must. also be made for access.. to

meteorological data in the DAS by the NRC

Operations Center, and certain state and

local agencies, if this service is not

provided by facilities other than the ERF.

3. Block diagrams should be

these data -paths and

transmission employed.

provided to show

the methods of

8.2 General

1. Is the link capacity

maximum required rate

sufficient for

of transmission?

the

2. Can all of the data channels meet the 0.01

unavailability requirement' as defined in

NUREG 0696, Section 1.5, under all

conditions above cold shutdown?

3. Is all powered data"communications

equipment on an uninterruptible power

supply?

4. How are the data channels protected from

unauthorized modification?

Page 8-1
I

i

I

COMMENT

5. Are all data channels,

spares, tested as part

testing program?

plus equipment

of the periodic

8.3 Added Questions for Data Links Using EIA

Standard Interfaces

1. Do the voltage levels and impedances

conform to the standard?

2. Does the data rate adhere to the standard

for the distance spanned?

3. Are. cables and connectors appropriate to

the-standard?

8.4 Added Questions for Voice-Frequency Links

1. Is error detection and correction

provided, if not otherwise supplied by the

protocal?

2., What -provision is made

voice-frequency segments?

for testing the

3. Is the data rate within the specification

for the modems for the distance spanned?

4. Are spare modems stored on'site?

5. Are there redundant data links, physically

separate and without common failure mode,

in all locations where there -is a

reasonable probability of service failure?

8.5 Applicable Standards

Typical standards

for serial data

transmission are:

that may be specified

and control signal

EIA Standard RS-232-C. "Interface

between data terminal equipment and

data communication equipment

employing Serial binary data

interchange.". August 1969.

Page 8-2
COMMENT

FED-STD 1020. "Electrical

characteristics of balanced voltage

digital interface circuits."

September 1975.

FED-STD 1030. "Electrical

characteristics of unbalanced voltage

digital interface circuits.".

September 1975.

EIA Standard RS-422-A. "Electrical

characteristics of balanced voltage

digital interface circuits."

December 1978.

EIA Standard RS-423-A. "Electrical

characteristics of unbalanced voltage

digital interface circuits."

September 1978

EIA Standard RS-449. "General

purpose 37-position and 9-position

interface for data terminal equipment

and data circuit-terminating

equipment employing serial binary

data interchange." November 1977.

Page 8-3
COMMENT

9. System Support Requirements

9.1 Documentation

1. Describe the location where documentation

is stored and the personnel -who require

access to this documentation. The minimum

documentation to be included must be a

user or operators manual,-. functional

system documentation, hardware

documentation and software documentation.

2. User Documentation

.a. Is there an operator's manual or its

equivalent for each display-device or

.facilitythat is adequate to explain

the use of -the displayas well as

instructions for resolving problems?

b. Does the documentation must include

as a minimum:

Table of Contents that is well

indexed for easy reference?

Description of how to use the

manual?

System startup procedure?

System failure procedure?

Reference to support services

(both hardware and software)?

Operating instructions for each

piece of equipment?

Operating Instructions for each.

-request the user may initiate

and response to be received?

References to other subsystems

and documents?

c. Is the user documentation self

supporting such that no other

documentation is necessary to operate

the system?

Page 9-1
COMMENT

d. Does the user documentation contain

guidance on the limitation of

instrument readings and their

reliability following serious

accidents?

3. Functional System Documentation

a. What documentation describes in

detail the DAS, the communications

systems and the display systems from

a functional perspective, as well as

the means of implementation?

b. Does this documentation have

.reference to all documentation for

subsystems which interface to the

DAS, communications equipment, and

display systems?

4. Hardware Documentation

a. What hardware documentation provides

information for the engineers or

technicians other than the system

designer to maintain the system?

b. Does this hardware documentation

include:

Theory of Operation?

Mechanical Prints?

Electrical Prints?

5. Software Documentation

a. What documentation is available to

maintain and evaluate the software?

b. What procedures are to be followed to

insure that the code contains

sufficient comments for efficient

maintenance and verification of the

software?

Page 9-2

I
COMMENT

6. Documentation Update Procedure

a. What procedure which has been

established for maintaining' the

manuals and other necessary

documentation .to assure that any

changes in the DAS, communications

system or display systems are

reflected in this documentation.

b. Who will be responsible for the

updates?

9.2 Training

Training for operators and maintenance

personnel must be provided.

I. User Training

a. How will operators of display systems

be trained?

b. Who will perform this training?

c. What review of the training-procedure

will be followed to respond to

changes in the systems?

2. Maintenance Training

a. How will *the maintenance personnel

responsible for the - DAS,

communications equipment and display

devices be trained?

b. How will the training of personnel be

verified?

9.3 Quality Assurance

1. Software Verification/Validation

a. What verification or validation plan

has been developed for the software

for the DAS and display systems?

Page 9-3
COMMENT

b. Does the test

for testing.

types?

plan outline procedures

the foll owing, error

Logic Errors

Documentation Errors (especially

in the User documentation)

Overload Errors

Timing Errors

Throughput and Capacity Errors

Fallback.and Recovery Errors

c. Does the test plan specify, the

overall test and integration

philosophy, strategies, and

methodologies to be-employed?

d. Who will perform the independent

quality assurance function?,

e. Is there an adequate method to verify

that there

output data

observed b3

control roon

is a correlation between

from the DAS and readings ,the operators in the

i? Describe this method.

A string test from the individual

sensor through the necessary

processors and cables to the data

output device shall be a part of this

method.

2. Hardware Verification/Validation

a. What is the verification or

validation plan for the hardware

necessary for the DAS, communications

equipment and display systems?

b. Who will perform

quality assurance

hardware?

the independent

function on this

I Page 9-4
COMMENT

3. System Log

a. Will a system log be maintained?

b. Minimum information in this log

should be:

All system modifications

All system failures including .time, reason and resolution

- All planned outages

Page 9-5
COMMENT

•9.4 Reliability

NUREG-0696 specifies that data systems,

instrumentation, and facilities of ERF's

shall operate with. an unavailability

factor of 0.01, be down no more than 16

hours per calendar quarter, and be

restorable within 30 minutes whenever the

reactor is above cold shutdown status.

Furthermore, any equipment affecting SPDS

shall operate with an unavailability

factor of 0.2 during cold shutdown. In

order to determine if DAS equipment,

display devices, and communication equipment meet this criterion, the following

.must be reviewed:.

a. For each of the following subsystems'i

DAS equipment,

Functional display devices,

SPDS display devices, and

Communications equipment,

review the following:.

What is the claimed -mean

time between failures?

What is the claimed mean

time to repair?

What is the vendor's recommended preventive maintenance

schedule?

What backup systems or

components are provided?

b. How are these claims justified?

(Valid'examples include historical

equipment, vendor provided records

of longterm-test runs, and records

of acceptance tests run on the

proposed equipment.)

Page 9-6
COMMENT

9.5 Maintenance

In order to insure that the data systems,

instrumentation, and facilities of ERF's meet

the unavailability requirement the following

-minimum hardware and software maintenance

requirements should be reviewed.

1. Hardware Maintenance

a. What is the hardware maintenance

plan?

b. How does the plan work to assure

minimum unavailability?

c.-Concerning maintenance personnel:

..What personnel are identified

for the DAS, communications

equipment and display systems?

Where are these personnel

located?

How are the personnel... qualified*

for the hardware they will be

working with?

d. Concerning spare parts:

Where are spare parts located

for- minimum practical

replacement time?

Where are critical items located

on-site?

If spare parts are to be

supplied by outside sources,

what is the maximum availability

delay that can be assured?

Is the quality of the spare

parts equivalent to the original

equipment?

e. Is maintenance support equipment

available on demand?

Page 9-7
COMMENT

f.: What is the schedule -and procedure

for calibration and verification of

test equipment?

2.,Software Maintenance

a. What is the software maintenance and

re-verification plan?

b. Who will maintain the software for

the DAS and display systems?

c, What is the procedure for providing

adequate qualified backup software

maintenance personnel?

d. What is the DAS update procedure?'.

Does this procedure insure that:

Changes to the software are

authorized?

Any changes to the software are

adequately testedmand validated

before they are implemented?

A description- and" date of the

change-have been recorded in a

manner. which can be easily

reviewed?'

Page 9-8
10..REFERENCES

1. Department of Defense. 1972. Human Engineering Guide to Equipment

Design. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. (Cited in

the text as Van Cott and Kinkade, Human Engineering.Guide to Equipment

Design),

2. Hickey, E.E., Desrosiers, A.E., and Myers, J.G. 1981. Technical

Support Center and Emergency Operations Facility Staffing for Nuclear

Power Plants. Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, Washington,.

3. Jensen, R.W., Tonies, C.C. 1979. Software Engineering. Prentice-Hall.,

Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.

4. Martin, J. 1973. Design of Man-Computer Dialogues. Prentice-Hall,-.

Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.

5. Stoetzel, G.A. and Desrosiers, A.E. 1981. Doses Received While

Crossing a Plume of Radioactive Material Released During an Accident

at a Nuclear Power Plant. PNL-SA-9383.

6.-U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, "Criteria for Preparation and

Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness

in Support of Nuclear Power Plants," USNRC Report NUREG-0654, Revision

1, November 1980. *

7. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, "Functional Criteria for Emergency.

Response Facilities," USNRC Report NUREG-0696, February 1981.*

8. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Regulatory Guide 1.23,

"Meteorological Measurement Programs in Support of Nuclear Power-,

Plants,"-proposed ReVision 1..

9. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Regulatory Guide 1.97,

"Instrumentation for Light-Water-Cooled-Nuclear Power Plants to Assess

Plant and Environs Conditions During and Following an Accident,"

Revision 2.

10. 10 CFR Part 50, General Design Criterion 19, "Control Room."

*Available for purchase from GPO Sales Program, Division of Technical Information

and Document Control, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C.

20555 and/or the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161.

Page 10-1
NRC FoRM 335 U UM 1. REPORT NUMBER (Assigned by DDC) (7-77) U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SHEET NUREG-0814

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE (Add Volume No., if appropriate) 2. (Leave blank)

Methodology for Evaluation of Emergen~cy. Respon~se Facilities 3 EIIN' CESO O 3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.

7. AUTHOR(S). 5. DATE REPORT COMPLETED

Steve L. Ramos and others MONTH IYEAR

July, 1981

9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAMEWAND MAILING ADDRESS (Include Zip Code) DATE REPORT ISSUED

.Emergency Preparedness Development Branch MONTI+ iYEAR

Division of Emergency Preparedness August

Office of- Inspection- and Enforcement 6. (Leave blank).

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

Washington, D. C. 20555 " -rLeave blank)"

12. SPONSORING ORGANIZATION NAME. AND MAILING. ADDRESS (include Zip Code) I

Emergency Preparedness Development Branch 10. PROJECT/TASK/WORK UNIT NO. -

Division of Emergency Preparedness | CONTRACT NO. Office of Inspection-and Enforcement

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission DE-AC06-76RLO 1830

Washington, D. C. 20555

13. TYPE OF REPORT PERIOD COVERED (lqclusive dates)

NUREG ". .

15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 114. (Leave blank)

16. ABSTRACT (200 words or less)

This draft report was-prepared, largely from the criteria in NUREG-0696 by NRC.staff

assisted by. contractor personnel.- This- report is presented :in draft form for pubiic --

comment and interim use. It also will be used by-the staff in this form for the

initial reviews of the Emergency Response Facilities designs which are presently

being submitted by-nuclear power reactor operators. The staff will incorporate the

experience gained from the preliminary reviews and the comments received into a

final methodology document which will- be:.used by-the staff in its-determination of

the acceptability of ERFs proposed by nuclear power reactor' licensees.

This document is issued for comment, and to provide affected licensees an early insight

into the approach the staff will use in reviewing Emergency Response Facility proposals.

17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS 17a. DESCRIPTORS

17b. IDENTIFIERS/OPEN-ENDED TERMS

18. AVAILABILITY STATEMENT - 19. SECURITY CLASS (This report) 21. NO. OF PAGES unclassified,-

Unlimited 20. SECURITY CLA.S (Tispage) 22. PRICE

C MunclasslTleo 1 NRC FORM 335 (7-77)