U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

Scientific Investigations Report 2014–5044

Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and 

the Arkansas Geological Survey

Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis 

Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas, Spring–

Summer 2011

ARKANSAS

LOUISIANA

TEXAS

MISSOURI

OKLAHOMA

TENNESSEE

MISSISSIPPI Mississippi River

West

Gulf

Coastal

Plain

Mississippi

Alluvial

Plain

Ouachita

Mountains

Arkansas Valley

COASTAL PLAIN

OUACHITA ATLANTIC PL

INTERIOR HIGHLANDS

ATLANTIC PLAIN

OZARK PLATEAUS

94°

36°

35°

34°

93° 92° 91°

90°
 
Water Levels and Water Quality in the 

Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne 

Aquifer) in Arkansas, Spring–Summer 2011

By T.P. Schrader

Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and 

the Arkansas Geological Survey

Scientific Investigations Report 2014–5044

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Department of the Interior

SALLY JEWELL, Secretary

U.S. Geological Survey

Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director

U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2014

Suggested citation:

Schrader, T.P., 2014, Water levels and water quality in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer (middle Claiborne aquifer) in 

Arkansas, spring–summer 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014–5044, 44 p., 

http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20145044. 

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as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner.

ISSN 2328-031X (print)

ISSN 2328-0328 (online)

ISBN 978-1-4113-3778-7
iii

Contents

Abstract ..........................................................................................................................................................1

Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................2

Purpose and Scope .............................................................................................................................3

Water Use .............................................................................................................................................3

Well-Numbering System .....................................................................................................................4

Methods .................................................................................................................................................4

Sparta-Memphis Aquifer .............................................................................................................................6

Water Levels ..................................................................................................................................................7

Potentiometric-Surface Map .............................................................................................................7

Water-Level Difference from 2007 to 2011 .....................................................................................10

Long-Term Hydrographs ...................................................................................................................10

Water-Quality Conditions ...........................................................................................................................20

Summary .......................................................................................................................................................21

Selected References ..................................................................................................................................22

Appendixes

1. Water-level data collected during spring 2011 from wells completed in the 

Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas ....................................................................................27

2. Difference in water level from 2007 to 2011 in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in 

Arkansas .....................................................................................................................................35

3. Specific conductance, temperature, and pH data from wells completed in the 

Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas, 2011 ..........................................................................42

Plates

[In pocket]

1. Map showing potentiometric surface for the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in 

Arkansas, 2011

2. Map showing water-level difference for the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in 

Arkansas from 2007 to 2011

Figures

1. Map showing location of study area ........................................................................................2

2. Graph showing water use in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas, 1965–2005 .......3

3. Diagram showing well-numbering system ..............................................................................5

4. Map showing change in the depression in southern Arkansas, 1993–2011 ......................9

5. Hydrographs showing water levels for selected wells completed in the SpartaMemphis aquifer in Arkansas ..................................................................................................12

6. Graph showing distribution of specific conductance in samples from the SpartaMemphis aquifer in 2009 and 2011 ..........................................................................................21
iv

Tables

1. Stratigraphic correlation in the northern and southern parts of Arkansas .......................6

2. Area within the -60-foot contour in Union County, Arkansas in 1993, 2003, 2007, 

and 2011 .........................................................................................................................................8

3. Number of wells, range, mean, median, and correlation coefficient (R2) of annual 

rise-decline in water level by county for wells in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer, 

1987–2011 .....................................................................................................................................11

Conversion Factors

Inch/Pound to SI

Multiply By To obtain

Length

foot (ft) 0.3048 meter (m)

mile (mi) 1.609 kilometer (km)

Area

square mile (mi2) 259.0 hectare (ha)

square mile (mi2) 2.590 square kilometer (km2)

Volume

cubic foot (ft3) 0.029329 cubic meter (m3)

Flow rate

foot per year (ft/yr) 0.3048 meter per year (m/yr)

gallon per minute (gal/min) 0.06309 liter per second (L/s)

million gallons per day (Mgal/d) 0.04381 cubic meter per second (m3/s)

Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows:

°F=(1.8×°C)+32

Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (°F) may be converted to degrees Celsius (°C) as follows:

°C=(°F-32)/1.8

Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 

(NGVD 29).

Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83).

Altitude, as used in this report, refers to distance above the vertical datum.

Specific conductance is given in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (μS/cm at 

25 °C).

Concentrations of chemical constituents in water are given either in milligrams per liter (mg/L) 

or micrograms per liter (μg/L).
Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis 

Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas, Spring–

Summer 2011

By T.P. Schrader

Abstract

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the 

Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and the Arkansas 

Geological Survey, has monitored water levels in the Sparta 

Sand of Claiborne Group and Memphis Sand of Claiborne 

Group (herein referred to as “the Sparta Sand” and “the 

Memphis Sand,” respectively) since the 1920s. Groundwater 

withdrawals have increased while water levels have declined 

since monitoring was initiated. Herein, aquifers in the Sparta 

Sand and Memphis Sand will be referred to as “the SpartaMemphis aquifer” throughout Arkansas. During the spring of 

2011, 291 water levels were measured in wells completed in 

the Sparta-Memphis aquifer and used to produce a regional 

potentiometric-surface map. During the summer of 2011, 

groundwater-quality samples were collected and measured 

from 61 wells for specific conductance, pH, and temperature.

In the northern half of Arkansas, the regional direction of 

groundwater flow in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer is generally 

to the south-southeast and flows east and south in the southern 

half of Arkansas. The groundwater in the southern half of 

Arkansas flows away from the outcrop area except where 

affected by large depressions in the potentiometric surface. 

The highest and lowest water-level altitudes measured in the 

Sparta-Memphis aquifer were 326 feet above and 120 feet 

below National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29), 

respectively.

Five depressions are located in the following counties: 

Arkansas, Cleveland, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Prairie; Union; 

Cross, Poinsett, St. Francis, and Woodruff; Columbia; 

and Bradley. Two large depressions, centered in Jefferson 

and Union Counties, are the result of large withdrawals 

for industrial, irrigation, or public supply. The depression 

centered in Jefferson County has expanded in recent years into 

Arkansas and Prairie Counties as a result of large withdrawals 

for irrigation and public supply. The lowest water-level 

altitude measured in this depression is approximately 20 feet 

(ft) higher in 2011 than in 2009. The area enclosed within 

the 40-ft contour on the 2011 potentiometric-surface map 

has decreased in area, shifting north in Lincoln County and 

west in Arkansas County when compared with the 2009 

potentiometric-surface map. 

The depression in Union County is roughly circular 

within the -60-ft contour. The lowest water-level altitude 

measurement was 157 ft below NGVD 29 in 2009, with a 

37-ft rise to 120 ft below NGVD 29 in 2011. The depression 

in Union County has diminished and encloses a smaller area 

than in recent years. In 1993, the -60-ft contour enclosed 

632 square miles (mi2). In 2011, the -60-ft contour enclosed 

375 mi2, a decrease of 41 percent from 1993. The lowest 

water-level altitude measurement during 2011 in the center of 

the depression in Union County represents a rise of 79 ft since 

2003. The area enclosed by the lowest altitude contour, 120 ft 

below NGVD 29, on the 2011 potentiometric-surface map is 

less than 10 percent of the area enclosed by that same contour 

on the 2009 potentiometric-surface map. 

A broad depression in western Poinsett and Cross 

Counties was first shown in the 1995 potentiometric-surface 

map. In 2011, the lowest water-level altitude measurement 

in this depression, 129 ft above NGVD 29, is 2 ft lower than 

in 2009. The 140-ft contour has extended southwest into 

northwestern St. Francis and east-central Woodruff Counties in 

2011. In Columbia County in 2011, the area of the depression 

has decreased, with water levels rising about 1 ft since 2005 in 

the well with the lowest water-level altitude measurement. The 

depression in Bradley County in 2011 has decreased in area 

compared to 2007. 

A water-level difference map was constructed using the 

difference between water-level measurements made during 

2007 and 2011 at 247 wells. The differences in water level 

between 2007 and 2011 ranged from -17.3 to 45.4 ft, with a 

mean of 4.1 ft. Water levels generally declined in the northern 

half of the study area and generally increased in the southern 

half of the study area. Areas with a general decline in water 

levels include Lonoke and western Prairie Counties; northern 

Arkansas County; Miller County; and Craighead, Poinsett, 

Cross, and Woodruff Counties. Areas with a general rise in 

water levels include Lafayette, Columbia, Union, Calhoun, 

and Bradley Counties; Grant, Jefferson, southern Arkansas, 

Lincoln, Drew, and Desha Counties; and Phillips County. 
2 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Hydrographs from 183 wells with a minimum of 25 years 

of water-level measurements were constructed. During the 

period 1987–2011, county mean annual water levels generally 

declined. Mean annual declines were between 0.5 foot per 

year (ft/yr) and 0.0 ft/yr in Ashley, Chicot, Crittenden, Drew, 

Grant, Jefferson, Lafayette, Mississippi, Monroe, Ouachita, 

Phillips, Pulaski, St. Francis, and Woodruff Counties. 

Mean annual declines were between 1.0 ft/yr and 0.5 ft/yr 

in Bradley, Calhoun, Cleveland, Craighead, Cross, Desha, 

Lonoke, Miller, Poinsett, and Prairie Counties. Mean annual 

declines were between 1.5 ft/yr and 1.0 ft/yr in Arkansas, Lee, 

and Lincoln Counties. The county mean annual water level 

rose in Columbia, Dallas, and Union Counties about 0.3 ft/yr, 

0.1 ft/yr, and 1.2 ft/yr, respectively.

Water samples were collected in the summer of 2011 

from 61 wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer 

and measured onsite for specific conductance, temperature, 

and pH. Although there is a regional increase in specific 

conductance to the east and south, anomalous increases occur 

in some parts of the study area. Specific conductance ranged 

from 35 microsiemens per centimeter (μS/cm) in Ouachita 

County to 1,380 μS/cm in Monroe County. Relatively large 

specific conductance values (greater than 700 mS/cm) occur 

in samples from wells in Arkansas, Ashley, Clay, Monroe, 

Phillips, and Union Counties.

Introduction

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation 

with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission (ANRC) 

and the Arkansas Geological Survey, has monitored water 

levels in the Sparta Sand of Claiborne Group and Memphis 

Sand of Claiborne Group (herein referred to as “the Sparta 

Sand” and “the Memphis Sand,” respectively) since the 

1920s. Groundwater withdrawals generally have increased 

while water levels generally have declined since monitoring 

was initiated. Since 1980, the USGS has produced reports, 

at various intervals, that describe groundwater conditions in 

the Sparta Sand and Memphis Sand aquifers in Arkansas. 

These reports are the products of a continuing project that 

includes the USGS groundwater monitoring effort for the State 

of Arkansas to provide information for management of this 

valuable resource. 

The study area (fig. 1) in Arkansas is bounded on the 

north by the Missouri State line, on the east by the Tennessee 

and Mississippi State lines, and on the south by the Louisiana 

State line. The western boundary is defined as the western 

extent of the outcrop and subcrop (Hosman, 1982) of the 

Sparta Sand and the Memphis Sand. The Sparta Sand and 

Memphis Sand underlie the physiographic provinces of the 

Mississippi Alluvial Plain and the West Gulf Coastal Plain of 

ARKANSAS

LOUISIANA

TEXAS

MISSOURI

OKLAHOMA

TENNESSEE

MISSISSIPPI Mississippi River

West

Gulf

Coastal

Plain

Mississippi

Alluvial

Plain

Ouachita

Mountains

Arkansas Valley

COASTAL PLAIN

OUACHITA ATLANTIC PL

INTERIOR HIGHLANDS

ATLANTIC PLAIN

OZARK PLATEAUS

Base from U.S. Geological Survey

digital data, 1:100,000

Physiographic division boundaries

from Fenneman (1938) and

Fenneman and Johnson (1946)

94°

36°

35°

34°

93° 92° 91°

90°

0 20 40 MILES

0 20 40 KILOMETERS

Study area

Boundary of physiographic

 major division

Boundary of physiographic

 province

Boundary of physiographic

 section

EXPLANATION

Figure 1. Location of study area.
Introduction 3

the Coastal Plain physiographic division (Fenneman, 1938; 

Fenneman and Johnson, 1946). The Sparta Sand and Memphis 

Sand (Eocene) are a sequence of alternating marine and 

continental deposits (Hosman and Weiss, 1991). Water levels 

in the aquifer in the Sparta Sand generally correlate with those 

in the aquifer in the Memphis Sand; therefore, the waterbearing formations are considered to be one hydrologic unit 

(Stanton, 1997). 

Purpose and Scope

This report presents water-level and water-quality 

conditions in the aquifers in the Sparta Sand and the Memphis 

Sand in Arkansas. Herein, aquifers in the Sparta Sand and 

Memphis Sand will be referred to as “the Sparta-Memphis 

aquifer.” Groundwater levels were measured in the spring of 

2011 in 291 wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer. 

These measurements were used to describe the potentiometric 

surface of the Sparta-Memphis aquifer. During the summer 

of 2011, groundwater-quality samples were collected 

and measured from 61 wells for specific conductance, 

pH, and temperature. Information in this report includes 

(1) groundwater levels for spring 2011, (2) a potentiometricsurface map, (3) a water-level difference map comparing 

water levels from 2007 to 2011, (4) selected water-level 

hydrographs, and (5) a groundwater-quality data table for 

samples collected in the summer of 2011. 

Water Use

Water use in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas 

generally increased from 1965 to 2000 (fig. 2). In 1965, water 

use in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer was about 112 million 

gallons per day (Mgal/d), increasing to 142 Mgal/d in 1970, 

144 Mgal/d in 1975, and 185 Mgal/d in 1980 (Halberg and 

Stephens, 1966; Halberg, 1972, 1977; Holland and Ludwig, 

1981). In 1985, water use declined to about 157 Mgal/d 

(Holland, 1987). Water use in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer was 

about 223 Mgal/d in 1990 and 284 Mgal/d in 1995 (Holland, 

1993, 1999). In 2000, water use in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer 

was about 287 Mgal/d (Holland, 2004), an increase of about 

156 percent from 1965. In 2005, water use in the SpartaMemphis aquifer declined to about 170 Mgal/d (Holland, 

2007).

The majority of water used from the Sparta-Memphis 

aquifer in 2005 was shared among three primary categories— 

irrigation, public supply, and industrial. Irrigation used 

about 61.0 Mgal/d (35.9 percent), public supply used about 

58.9 Mgal/d (34.6 percent), and industrial used about 48.0 

Mgal/d (28.2 percent). Agriculture and power generation 

each accounted for less than 1 percent of the water use 

in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas in 2005. The 

agriculture category includes all farm use except domestic 

use for a home and irrigation. Major pumping centers that use 

the Sparta-Memphis aquifer for public supply and industry 

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Water use in million gallons per day

112

142 144

185

157

223

284 287

170

Figure 2. Water use in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas, 1965–2005.
4 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

occur in Columbia, Jefferson, and Union Counties. Arkansas, 

Craighead, Cross, Desha, Lonoke, Monroe, Phillips, and 

Prairie Counties accounted for the majority of the water 

withdrawn for irrigation from the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in 

2005 (Holland, 2007).

Well-Numbering System

The well-numbering system used in this report is based 

upon the Public Land Survey System used in Arkansas. 

The component parts of a well number are the township 

designation; the range designation; the section number; 

three-letter designation that indicates, respectively, the quarter 

section, the quarter-quarter section, and the quarter-quarterquarter section in which the well is located; and the sequence 

number of the well in the quarter-quarter-quarter section. The 

letters are assigned counterclockwise, beginning with “A” 

in the northeast quarter or quarter-quarter or quarter-quarterquarter section in which the well is located. For example, well 

01S03W04BBD16 (fig. 3) is located in Township 1 South, 

Range 3 West, in the southeast quarter of the northwest quarter 

of the northwest quarter of section 4. This well is the 16th well 

in this quarter-quarter-quarter section of section 4 from which 

data were collected.

Methods

Water levels were measured by USGS and ANRC 

personnel from March to May 2011 from wells completed 

in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer. Measurements were made 

using steel or electric tapes graduated in hundredths of a foot. 

Water levels were collected according to USGS procedural 

documentation (Cunningham and Schalk, 2011). The steel and 

electric tapes were calibrated prior to collecting water-level 

measurements. Calibration was performed by comparing the 

steel or electric tapes to a standardized steel tape used only for 

calibration. Tape calibrations are performed annually. 

Well locations were verified using Global Positioning 

System (GPS) receivers to acquire the horizontal-coordinate 

information, latitude and longitude, based on the North 

American Datum of 1983. The latitude and longitude of 

the wells in Arkansas were recorded from a GPS receiver 

accurate to one-tenth of a second of latitude and longitude 

(approximately 10–20 feet [ft]). The latitude and longitude 

of each well were transferred to topographic maps and the 

altitude of each well (National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 

1929 [NGVD 29]) was determined from the topographic 

contours at the location on the map. Altitude is accurate to 

about 2.5 to 5 ft, or half the contour interval on the map.

Two methods are used for calculating the annual rise or 

decline of water levels. One method is to take the difference 

between the final and initial water levels and divide by the 

period of time. This method uses two measurements, and 

calculated values are dependent solely on the final and initial 

water levels. A second method uses the linear regression of 

water levels and time of measurement to calculate the annual 

rise or decline of water levels. Linear regression is more 

robust because all measurments are included to determine the 

trend line, resulting in a value that is dependent on all water 

levels during the period of record. The slope, β (equation 1), 

of the line is the annual rise or decline of water levels. The 

intercept, β0, is the water level in the year 1900, the origin 

for the graph. The predevelopment water level will not be 

discussed as this condition cannot be demonstrated. The 

equation of the regression line or line of best fit, Y = aX+b, 

may be written as:

h = βt + β0 (1)

where

h is water-level altitude, in feet;

β is the slope of the line, in feet per year;

t is time, in years; and

β0 is the y-intercept or water-level altitude at 

time equal to the year 1900.

Five assumptions are associated with linear regression: 

(1) Y is linearly related to X, (2) data used to fit the linear 

regression are representative of data of interest, (3) variance 

of the residuals is constant and does not depend on X or on 

anything else, (4) the residuals are independent, and (5) the 

residuals are normally distributed. The assumption of a 

normal distribution is involved only when testing hypotheses, 

requiring the residuals from the regression equation to be 

normally distributed (Helsel and Hirsch, 1992).

The R2 term is the coefficient of determination, the 

correlation coefficient, or the fraction of variance explained by 

the regression. The R2 value gives the proportions of the total 

variability that can be accounted by the independent variable 

(Helsel and Hirsch, 1992). Values of R2 can range from 0.00 

to 1.00. A large value of R2 can indicate a linear change in 

water level. A low value of R2 can indicate a sporadic change 

in water level.

Water-quality samples were collected for specific 

conductance, pH, and temperature using the procedures 

described in the “National Field Manual for the Collection 

of Water-Quality Data” (U.S. Geological Survey, variously 

dated). Wells were purged a minimum of three casing 

volumes, at a pumping rate that ranged from 100 to 500 

gallons per minute (Fishman and Friedman, 1989). The purge 

process is important to obtain a water-quality sample that is 

representative of the aquifer conditions without the effects 

of the borehole environment. Casing volumes for the wells 

were calculated from the well casing diameter, depth to 

water, and well depth. The cross-sectional area of the casing 

was calculated from the casing diameter, and the height of 

the water column was determined by subtracting the depth 

to water from the well depth. The cross-sectional area and 

the height of the water column were multiplied for a casing 

volume in cubic feet and converted to gallons. The calculated 

purge volume at each well was then divided by the pumping 

rate to determine the minimum pumping time for purging.
Introduction 5

PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN

BASE LINE

TOWNSHIPS

WEST EAST SOUTH NORTH

RANGES

1E

2E

3E

4E

1W 2W 3W 4W 5W

5E

6E

1N 2N 3N 4N

1S

2S 3S 4S 5S

6S

7S

8S

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36 RANGE: 03 West TOWNSHIP: 01 South

DD

C

B

A A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

SECTION: 04

WELL 01S03W04BBD16

N

S

E

W

Figure 3. Diagram showing well-numbering system.
6 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

During the purge process, specific conductance, pH, 

and temperature were measured from selected wells until 

measurements stabilized (Fishman and Friedman, 1989), by 

using specific-conductance and pH meters with temperature 

compensation. A field meter was calibrated twice daily by 

comparing the measurement of two specific conductance 

and pH calibration standards. Specific conductance is a 

measure of the electrical conductance of a solution normalized 

to 25 degrees Celsius (°C), an indicator of the presence 

of charged ionic species or dissolved solids. As the ion 

concentration increases in groundwater, the conductivity of the 

groundwater increases. The pH is a measure of the acidity of 

the water, an indicator of the hydrogen ion concentration and 

activity (Hem, 1985). 

Sparta-Memphis Aquifer

In Arkansas, the Sparta Sand and Memphis Sand (table 1) 

of Eocene age mainly consist of fine to medium sand with 

some silt, clay, and lignite in the upper parts. Sands in the 

Sparta Sand were deposited by shifting streams on a deltaicfluvial flood plain (Payne, 1968). These sands mostly are 

interconnected, but separately identifiable sands can be traced 

for short distances (Snider and others, 1972). The Cook 

Mountain Formation of Claiborne Group overlies the Sparta 

Sand and Memphis Sand and serves as an upper confining 

unit (table 1). The permeable units of the Sparta Sand and the 

Memphis Sand compose the Sparta and Memphis aquifers. 

The Sparta Sand is composed of a sequence of alternating 

sand and clay beds between the massive clays of the overlying 

Cook Mountain Formation and the underlying Cane River 

Formation of Claiborne Group confining units (Hosman and 

others, 1968) (table 1). The Sparta Sand is in the southern part 

of the study area (south of about 35 degrees latitude, pl. 1) 

where the Cane River Formation is composed predominantly 

of clay. The Memphis Sand is in the northern part of the study 

area (north of about 35 degrees latitude) where the Cane River 

Formation or equivalent facies is composed predominantly 

of sand. Moving south to north in the area, the Cane River 

Formation undergoes a facies change northward at about 

35 degrees latitude, and the marine clays become sand. The 

transitional zone of interfingering sands and clays is narrow. 

The northern sand facies of the Cane River Formation is the 

middle part of the Memphis Sand (Hosman and others, 1968). 

In the southern area, the Claiborne Group is subdivided into 

the Carrizo Sand, Cane River Formation, Sparta Sand, Cook 

Mountain Formation, and the Cockfield Formation (table 1). 

The equivalent section in the northern area is subdivided into 

the Memphis Sand, the Cook Mountain Formation, and the 

Cockfield Formation. The Memphis Sand in the northern area 

is equivalent to the Carrizo Sand, the Cane River Formation, 

and the Sparta Sand in the southern area. The Memphis Sand 

is underlain by a thick layer of clay in the upper part of the 

Wilcox Group (Hosman and others, 1968). The Mississippi 

River Valley Alluvium is the surficial aquifer in the 

Mississippi Alluvial Plain province (fig. 1). The Mississippi 

River Valley Alluvium is up to 250 ft thick and overlies the 

Jackson Group. The Jackson Group overlies the Claiborne 

Group. In the northern half of the area, the Jackson Group 

may be missing, having been eroded away, and the Mississippi 

River Valley alluvial aquifer can be directly connected to the 

Memphis Sand (Schrader, 2010). 

There are variations in the thickness of the Sparta Sand. 

Within the outcrop area (along the western limit), the Sparta 

Sand is 50 to 200 ft and thickens easterly to nearly 900 ft. The 

Memphis Sand subcrops beneath other formations in the study 

area and thickens easterly to more than 900 ft (Petersen and 

others, 1985). The Memphis Sand and Sparta Sand contain 

freshwater throughout most of their extent in Arkansas; 

however, saltwater is present in the extreme southeastern part 

of the State in parts of Ashley, Chicot, and Union Counties 

(Payne, 1968). The Sparta Sand and Memphis Sand generally 

thicken and groundwater increases in salinity as depth 

increases to the southeast. 

Table 1. Stratigraphic correlation in the northern and southern parts of Arkansas.

[Table constructed from Petersen and others (1985); Hart and others (2008); confining units shaded in grey]

Series Group Formations in the south 

part of Arkansas

Formations in the north 

part of Arkansas Hydrogeological units

Eocene

Jackson Undifferentiated Undifferentiated Vicksburg-Jackson confining unit

Claiborne

Cockfield Formation Cockfield Formation Upper Claiborne aquifer

Cook Mountain Formation Cook Mountain Formation Middle Claiborne confining unit

Sparta Sand

Memphis Sand Middle Claiborne aquifer 

Cane River Formation (Sparta-Memphis) Lower Claiborne 

confining unit

Carrizo Sand Lower Claiborne aquifer

Paleocene

Wilcox Wilcox Group Wilcox Group Lower Wilcox aquifer

Midway Undifferentiated Undifferentiated Midway confining unit
Water Levels 7

Water Levels

Water-level measurements in wells screened in the 

Sparta-Memphis aquifer (appendix 1) were used to produce 

a regional potentiometric-surface map (pl. 1), a map showing 

the area enclosed in 2011 by a depression in southern Arkansas 

for comparisons to depression areas from recent years (fig. 4), 

water-level difference map (pl. 2), and hydrographs (fig. 5). 

Water levels measured during the spring of 2011 were used to 

construct a potentiometric-surface map (pl. 1), then subtracted 

from water levels measured during the spring of 2007 at 

selected Sparta-Memphis aquifer wells and used to create 

the water-level difference map (pl. 2). Hydrographs were 

generated for 183 wells (that have water-level measurements 

with a minimum 25-year period of record) and compiled by 

county; hydrographs for 25 of the wells are shown in figure 5. 

The water levels shown in the hydrographs indicate long-term 

changes in hydrologic conditions. Long-term water-level 

declines shown in the hydrographs reflect the response of the 

groundwater-flow system to stresses caused by groundwater 

pumping.

Potentiometric-Surface Map

A potentiometric-surface map was constructed by using 

291 water-level measurements (appendix 1) from wells 

completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer during spring 

2011. Hydrologic principles, water-use data, and historical 

information were used in conjunction with the water-level data 

to delineate the potentiometric-surface contours. The number 

and location of wells used to construct potentiometric-surface 

maps differ from year to year. 

The potentiometric-surface map of the Sparta-Memphis 

aquifer shows the altitude at which water would have stood 

in tightly cased wells completed in the aquifer (pl. 1). The 

surface is mapped by determining the altitude of the water 

levels measured in the wells and is represented on the map by 

contours that connect points of equal water-level altitude. The 

general direction of groundwater flow in the Sparta-Memphis 

aquifer is perpendicular to the contours in the direction of 

decreasing hydraulic gradient. 

In the northern half of Arkansas, the regional direction of 

groundwater flow in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer is generally 

to the south-southeast and flows east and south in the southern 

half of Arkansas. The groundwater in the southern half of 

Arkansas flows away from the outcrop area except where 

affected by large depressions in the potentiometric surface. 

The direction of groundwater flow in 2011 is towards each of 

three large depressions. Parts of the study area not affected 

by these three large depressions exhibit a regional direction 

of groundwater flow to the east and south, away from the 

outcrop area. The highest water-level altitude measured in the 

Sparta-Memphis aquifer was 326 ft above NGVD 29, located 

in Grant County in the outcrop at the western boundary of the 

study area; the lowest water-level altitude was 120 ft below 

NGVD 29 in Union County near the southern boundary of the 

study area. 

Depressions usually are caused by withdrawal rates that 

exceed recharge rates within the aquifer over an extended 

period of time. When a well is pumped, the water level 

in and around the well declines, creating a depression in 

the potentiometric surface. Groundwater flows toward the 

depression at a rate that is proportional to the slope of the 

depression and the transmissivity of the aquifer (Schrader 

and Jones, 2007). Five depressions (represented by closed 

contours) are located in Arkansas; three large depressions are 

in the following counties: Arkansas, Cleveland, Jefferson, 

Lincoln, and Prairie; Union; and Poinsett, Cross, St. Francis, 

and Woodruff. The first depression is located in Arkansas, 

Cleveland, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Prairie Counties in the 

center of the study area, the second is in Union County in 

the southern part of the study area, and the third is in western 

Cross and Poinsett Counties in the northern half of the study 

area. Small depressions exist in Columbia and Bradley 

Counties. Two large depressions, centered in Jefferson 

and Union Counties, are the result of large withdrawals 

for industrial, irrigation, or public supply. The depression 

centered in Jefferson County has expanded in recent years into 

Arkansas and Prairie Counties as a result of large withdrawals 

for irrigation and public supply. The lowest water-level 

altitude measured in this depression is approximately 20 

ft higher in 2011 than in 2009 (Schrader, 2013). The area 

enclosed within the 40-ft contour on the 2011 potentiometricsurface map has decreased in area, shifting north in Lincoln 

County and west in Arkansas County when compared with the 

2009 potentiometric-surface map (Schrader, 2013). 

The lowest water-level altitude measurement during 2011 

in the center of the depression in Union County represents a 

rise of 79 ft since 2003 (Schrader, 2006). The lowest waterlevel altitude measurement was 157 ft below NGVD 29 

in 2009 (Schrader, 2013), with a 37-ft rise to 120 ft below 

NGVD 29 in 2011. The location of the lowest water-level 

altitude can vary through time. Changes in pumping rates and 

well efficiency can affect the location of the lowest waterlevel altitude. The lowest water-level altitude measurement in 

2011 is from the same well as the lowest water-level altitude 

measurement in 2003.
8 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

The depression in Union County has diminished and 

is roughly circular within the -60-ft contour and encloses a 

smaller area than in recent years. The -60-ft contour is shown 

in figure 4 for 1993, 2003, 2007, and 2011. The area enclosed 

within the -60-ft contour for each year is shown in table 2. 

In 1993, the -60-ft contour enclosed 632 sqaure miles (mi2). 

In 2003, the -60-ft contour enclosed 767 mi2, an increase of 

21 percent from 1993. In 2007, the -60-ft contour enclosed 

699 mi2, an increase of 10 percent from 1993. In 2011, the 

-60-ft contour enclosed 375 mi2, a decrease of 41 percent from 

1993. The -60-ft contour on the 2011 potentiometric-surface 

map has moved away from the Arkansas-Louisiana State 

border. The area enclosed by the lowest altitude contour, 120 ft 

below NGVD 29, on the 2011 potentiometric-surface map is 

less than 10 percent of the area enclosed by that same contour 

on the 2009 potentiometric-surface map (Schrader, 2013). The 

lowest altitude contour on the 2009 potentiometric-surface 

map (Schrader, 2013), 140 ft below NGVD 29, is not present 

on the 2011 potentiometric-surface map. 

A broad depression, first shown in the 1995 

potentiometric-surface map (Stanton, 1997), in western 

Poinsett and Cross Counties has both increased and decreased 

in size since 1995. The depression expanded in area in 1997 

and 1999 and then decreased in area in 2003 and 2005. In 

1997, the depression covered most of the western half of 

Poinsett County (Joseph, 1998). In 1999, the 150-ft contour 

of the depression extended from Poinsett County through 

Cross County into St. Francis County (Joseph, 2000; Schrader, 

2004). In 2003, the depression covered most of the western 

half of Poinsett County (Schrader, 2006). In 2005, the 

depression covered part of western Poinsett County 

and extended into northwestern Cross County. In 2007, 

the 140-ft contour expanded northeast to the 

Poinsett-Craighead County line, farther east, and the farthest 

extent south into Cross County (Schrader and Jones, 2007). 

In 2009, the 140-ft contour had extended south across twothirds of Cross County. In 2011, the lowest water-level altitude 

measurement in this depression, 129 ft above NGVD 29, 

was 2 ft lower than in 2009. The 140-ft contour extended 

southwest into northwestern St. Francis and east-central 

Woodruff Counties in 2011.

Unlike other depressions in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer, 

the depression in Poinsett, Cross, St. Francis, and Woodruff 

Counties primarily is caused by withdrawals for irrigation, 

instead of withdrawals for public supply and industrial 

uses. The Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study 

project has identified an area in Poinsett, Cross, and St. 

Francis Counties where the Sparta-Memphis aquifer and the 

Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer (herein referred to as 

the “alluvial aquifer”) are hydrologically connected. Borehole 

geophysical logs show that the Jackson Group, the unit that 

underlies the alluvial aquifer; the Cockfield Formation of 

Claiborne Group; and the Cook Mountain Formation of 

Claiborne Group, the unit that confines the Sparta-Memphis 

aquifer, are absent in this area (Hart and others, 2008). 

Irrigation withdrawals from the alluvial aquifer have resulted 

in water-level declines in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer 

(Schrader, 2008). 

Two other depressions located in Columbia and Bradley 

Counties are shown on the 2011 potentiometric surface. The 

depression in Columbia County was first shown on the 1996–

97 potentiometric-surface map (Joseph, 1998). In 2011, the 

area decreased, with water levels rising about 1 ft since 2005 

in the well with the lowest water-level altitude measurement. 

The depression in Bradley County was first shown in 2007 

(Schrader, 2009). In 2011, this depression decreased in area. 

Table 2. Area within the -60-foot contour in Union County, 

Arkansas in 1993, 2003, 2007, and 2011.

Year Area 

(square miles)

Area 

(square kilometers)

1993 632 1,018

2003 767 1,234

2007 699 1,124

2011 375 604
93°00' 92°45' 92°30' 

33°15'33°00'

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000

1993

2011

2007

2003

-60

-60-60-60

0

0 5 

5 

ARKANSAS

LOUISIANA

TEXAS

MISSOURI

OKLAHOMA TENNESSEE

Area enlarged MISSISSIPPI

UNION COUNTY

COLUMBIA COUNTY

OUACHITA COUNTY CALHOUN COUNTY

BRADLE

NEVADA COUNTY

ARKANSAS

LOUISIANA

Figure 4. Change in the depression in southern Arkansas, 1993–2011. 
10 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Water-Level Difference from 2007 to 2011

A water-level difference map (pl. 2) was constructed 

using the difference between water-level measurements 

made during 2007 and 2011 at 247 wells (appendix 2). The 

difference in water levels was calculated by subtracting the 

2011 depth-to-water level from the 2007 depth-to-water level. 

Positive values shown on plate 2 indicate a rise, and negative 

values indicate a decline in water level. Rises in water level 

are indicated on plate 2 with blue triangles pointing upward; 

declines in water level are indicated with red triangles pointing 

downward. Triangles are scaled to the relative value of the rise 

or decline. Water-level differences do not necessarily indicate 

a long-term water-level trend but are intended to show where 

water levels have increased or decreased from 2007 to 2011.

The differences in water levels between 2007 and 2011 

ranged from -17.3 to 45.4 ft, with a mean of 4.1 ft. The largest 

measured decline (-17.3 ft) in water level was in eastern Union 

County. The largest measured rise (45.4 ft) in water level was 

in central Union County. In central Union County (pl. 2), 

water levels in seven wells rose 20 ft or more, with an average 

annual rise of 5 ft or more. The rising water levels in central 

Union County coincide with water conservation measures 

initiated in 1999 and the conversion of large industrial water 

users from groundwater to surface water from the Ouachita 

River beginning in December 2004 (Scheiderer and Freiwald, 

2006). 

Water levels generally declined in the northern half of the 

study area and generally increased in the southern half of the 

study area. Areas with a general decline in water levels include 

Lonoke and western Prairie Counties; northern Arkansas 

County; Miller County; and Craighead, Poinsett, Cross, and 

Woodruff Counties. Areas with a general rise in water levels 

include Lafayette, Columbia, Union, Calhoun, and Bradley 

Counties; Grant, Jefferson, southern Arkansas, Lincoln, Drew, 

and Desha Counties; and Phillips County (pl. 2). 

Long-Term Hydrographs

Hydrographs from 183 wells with a minimum of 25 years 

of water-level measurements were constructed. Selected 

hydrographs are shown in figure 5 with locations indicated 

on plate 1. The minimum 25-year period of record is used 

to evaluate long-term trends not dominated by variations in 

climate and localized pumping rates on water levels in a single 

well. A trend line using linear regression was calculated for 

the period from 1987 to 2011 to determine the slope in feet 

per year (ft/yr) for water levels in each well. The slope of 

the trend line represents the typical annual decline or rise in 

water level during the 25-year period. A statistical summary 

of the number of wells; the range, mean, and median of the 

annual rise or decline in water level; and the range of the R2

values for each county are listed in table 3. Negative values 

denote a decline in water level. During the period 1987–2011, 

county mean annual water levels generally declined. Mean 

annual declines were between 0.5 ft/yr and 0.0 ft/yr in 

Ashley, Chicot, Crittenden, Drew, Grant, Jefferson, Lafayette, 

Mississippi, Monroe, Ouachita, Phillips, Pulaski, St. Francis, 

and Woodruff Counties (table 2). Mean annual declines were 

between 1.0 ft/yr and 0.5 ft/yr in Bradley, Calhoun, Cleveland, 

Craighead, Cross, Desha, Lonoke, Miller, Poinsett, and Prairie 

Counties. Mean annual declines were between 1.5 ft/yr and 

1.0 ft/yr in Arkansas, Lee, and Lincoln Counties. The county 

mean annual water level rose in Columbia, Dallas, and Union 

Counties, about 0.3 ft/yr, 0.1 ft/yr, and 1.2 ft/yr, respectively.
Water Levels 11

Table 3. Number of wells, range, mean, median, and correlation coefficient (R2) of annual rise-decline in water level by county for 

wells in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer, 1987–2011.

[Annual rise or decline in water level for each well is calculated using linear regression; negative value indicates decline; positive value indicates rise]

County Number of 

wells

Range of annual risedecline in water level 

(feet/year)

Mean annual risedecline in water level 

(feet/year)

Median annual risedecline in water level 

(feet/year)

Range of R2 values 

for trend line

Arkansas 26 -1.42 to -0.26 -1.02 -1.11 0.14 to 0.78

Ashley 6 -0.55 to -0.04 -0.32 -0.38 0.10 to 0.87

Bradley 4 -1.35 to 0.29 -0.68 -0.84 0.23 to 0.96

Calhoun 2 -0.69 to -0.69 -0.69 -0.69 0.35 to 0.35

Chicot 1 -0.21 to -0.21 -0.21 -0.21 0.37 to 0.37

Cleveland 4 -0.99 to -0.26 -0.66 -0.69 0.19 to 0.88

Columbia 13 -1.10 to 3.07 0.31 -0.07 0.10 to 0.93

Craighead 1 -0.80 to -0.80 -0.80 -0.80 0.80 to 0.80

Crittenden 3 -0.37 to 0.40 -0.07 -0.26 0.58 to 0.92

Cross 5 -1.10 to -0.44 -0.85 -0.91 0.54 to 0.87

Dallas 8 -0.47 to 1.72 0.05 -0.11 0.00 to 0.95

Desha 6 -1.31 to -0.35 -0.69 -0.57 0.17 to 0.81

Drew 5 -0.80 to 0.15 -0.40 -0.47 0.11 to 0.97

Grant 8 -1.10 to -0.07 -0.35 -0.26 0.18 to 0.81

Jefferson 18 -2.52 to 7.38 -0.31 -1.02 0.11 to 0.93

Lafayette 2 -0.04 to -0.01 -0.03 -0.03 0.10 to 0.10

Lee 2 -1.39 to -0.84 -1.11 -1.11 0.86 to 0.94

Lincoln 6 -2.70 to -0.77 -1.41 -1.21 0.66 to 0.88

Lonoke 5 -1.21 to 1.17 -0.66 -1.10 0.38 to 0.99

Miller 2 -0.88 to -0.15 -0.51 -0.51 0.12 to 0.51

Mississippi 1 -0.40 to 0.40 -0.40 -0.40 0.20 to 0.20

Monroe 5 -0.95 to -0.04 -0.35 -0.29 0.15 to 0.90

Ouachita 13 -1.64 to 1.79 -0.00 -0.07 0.11 to 0.85

Phillips 6 -0.62 to 0.29 -0.05 -0.02 0.15 to 0.78

Poinsett 2 -1.17 to -0.69 -0.93 -0.93 0.40 to 0.94

Prairie 10 -1.53 to 0.62 -0.89 -1.06 0.17 to 0.96

Pulaski 2 -0.47 to -0.22 -0.35 -0.35 0.45 to 0.50

St. Francis 1 -0.11 to -0.11 -0.11 -0.11 0.16 to 0.16

Union 29 -0.95 to 8.55 1.17 0.40 0.11 to 0.95

Woodruff 1 -0.03 to -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 0.23 to 0.23
12 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985

Year

1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

Water level, in feet above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

A. ARKANSAS COUNTY, WELL 03S06W30BBD1

C. ASHLEY COUNTY, WELL 15S17W32CDD1

B. ARKANSAS COUNTY, WELL 07S03W06ABC1

Figure 5. Water levels for selected wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas. 
Water Levels 13

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985

Year

1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

Water level, in feet above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

60

80

40

100

120

140

160

D. BRADLEY COUNTY, WELL 13S11W17BCD1

E. CALHOUN COUNTY, WELL 13S13W32CDA1

F. CLEVELAND COUNTY, WELL 10S12W12BDD1

Figure 5. Water levels for selected wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued
14 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985

Year

1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

Water level, in feet above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

150

170

190

210

230

250

270

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

130

150

170

190

210

230

250

G. COLUMBIA COUNTY, WELL 17S21W11DCC2

H. CRAIGHEAD COUNTY, WELL 14N04E22CBD1

I. CRITTENDEN COUNTY, WELL 06N07E01DAD2

Figure 5. Water levels for selected wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued
Water Levels 15

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985

Year

1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

Water level, in feet above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

90

110

130

150

170

190

210

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

J. CROSS COUNTY, WELL 09N01E16CAC1

K. DALLAS COUNTY, WELL 10S13W34ACA2

L. DESHA COUNTY, WELL 11S02W03CCA1

Missing data

Figure 5. Water levels for selected wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued
16 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Figure 5. Water levels for selected wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985

Year

1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

Water level, in feet above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

M. DREW COUNTY, WELL 15S04W12DDA1

N. GRANT COUNTY, WELL 05S13W03CDA4

O. JEFFERSON COUNTY, WELL 06S08W16CCC1
Water Levels 17

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985

Year

1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

Water level, in feet above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

P. LAFAYETTE COUNTY, WELL 20S23W05ADB1

Q. LINCOLN COUNTY, WELL 07S07W30CDC1

R. LONOKE COUNTY, WELL 02S08W16BDA1

Figure 5. Water levels for selected wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued
18 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985

Year

1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

Water level, in feet above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

S. MONROE COUNTY, WELL 04N02W28DDD4

T. OUACHITA COUNTY, WELL 14S17W05CAD1

U. PHILLIPS COUNTY, WELL 01S02E32DDC1

Figure 5. Water levels for selected wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued
Water Levels 19

Year

1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2011

Water level, in feet above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

90

110

130

150

170

190

210

-200

-180

-160

-140

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

V. POINSETT COUNTY, WELL 10N01E15DBB1

W. PRAIRIE COUNTY, WELL 01S05W20ABB1

X. UNION COUNTY, WELL 17S15W18DBB1

Figure 5. Water levels for selected wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued
20 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Water-Quality Conditions

Water samples were collected in the summer of 2011 

from 61 wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer 

and measured onsite for specific conductance, pH, and 

temperature (app. 3). Specific conductance ranged from 

35 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (μS/

cm) in Ouachita County to 1,380 μS/cm in Monroe County. 

Relatively large specific conductance values (greater than 

700 mS/cm) occur in samples from wells in Arkansas, Ashley, 

Clay, Monroe, Phillips, and Union Counties. Large specific 

conductance values occur near the water-level depression 

(pl. 1) in Union County and increase eastward toward Ashley 

County; several specific-conductance values greater than 

2,000 mS/cm for groundwater from the Sparta aquifer in Union 

County have been documented (Broom and others, 1984). 

Although there is a regional increase in specific 

conductance to the east and south, anomalous increases occur 

in some parts of the study area. Morris and Bush (1986) and 

Broom and others (1984) cited upward leakage of saltwater 

from the Nacatoch Formation of Cretaceous age into the 

Sparta aquifer through a fault or abandoned oil and gas wells 

as possible explanations for these anomalies. 

Specific conductance values from samples collected 

in 2009 and 2011 generally were less than 400 mS/cm. The 

histograms of specific conductance data for 2009 (64 samples) 

(Schrader, 2013) and 2011 (61 samples) are shown in figure 6. 

The mean specific conductance was 392 mS/cm in 2009 

and 391 mS/cm in 2011. Both histograms have a right skew. 

Eighty-four percent of the wells sampled in 2009 and 2011 had 

specific conductance values less than 600 mS/cm. The largest 

category for both years is the 201–400 mS/cm range. The 

201–400 mS/cm range included 53 percent of the samples in 

2009 and 36 percent of the samples in 2011. The lowest range, 

1–200 mS/cm, increased from 15 percent of the samples in 

2009 to 26 percent of the samples in 2011. The small change 

in the mean specific conductance and the distribution of data 

from 2009 to 2011 may indicate a change in water quality or 

be the result of the distribution of sampling locations. 

Temperature ranged from 18.0 °C in Ouachita County to 

26.7 °C in Nevada County. The mean temperature was 

23.0 °C. The pH ranged from 5.4 in Ouachita County to 8.8 

in Calhoun, Drew, and Union Counties. The pH had a mean 

of 7.7. 

Year

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2011

Water level, in feet above

National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

Y. WOODRUFF COUNTY, WELL 05N02W31DCB3

Figure 5. Water levels for selected wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued
Summary 21

Summary

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the 

Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and the Arkansas 

Geological Survey, has monitored water levels since the 

1920s. Groundwater withdrawals have increased while 

water levels have declined since monitoring was initiated. 

During the spring of 2011, 291 water levels were measured in 

wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer. During the 

summer of 2011, 61 water-quality samples were collected and 

measured for specific conductance, temperature, and pH from 

wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer.

Water use in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas 

generally increased from 1965 to 2000. In 2000, water use in 

the Sparta-Memphis aquifer was about 287 million gallons 

per day (Mgal/d), an increase of about 156 percent from 1965. 

In 2005, water use in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer declined to 

about 170 Mgal/d. 

The Sparta Sand is composed of a sequence of 

alternating sand and clay beds between the massive clays of 

the overlying Cook Mountain Formation and the underlying 

Cane River Formation confining units. The Sparta Sand is in 

the southern part of the study area (south of about 35 degrees 

latitude). The Memphis Sand is in the northern part of the 

study area (north of about 35 degrees latitude). The Memphis 

Sand is underlain by a thick layer of clay in the upper part of 

the Wilcox Group. 

The regional direction of groundwater flow in the SpartaMemphis aquifer is generally to the south-southeast in the 

northern half of Arkansas and flows east and south in the 

southern half of Arkansas. The groundwater in the southern 

half of Arkansas flows away from the outcrop area except 

where affected by large depressions in the potentiometric 

surface. The highest water-level altitude measured in the 

Sparta-Memphis aquifer was 326 feet (ft) above the National 

Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29) in the outcrop 

at the western boundary of the study area in Grant County; the 

lowest water-level altitude was 120 feet (ft) below NGVD 29 

in Union County. 

Five depressions are located in the following counties: 

Arkansas, Cleveland, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Prairie; Union; 

Cross, Poinsett, St. Francis, and Woodruff; Columbia; 

and Bradley. Two large depressions, centered in Jefferson 

and Union Counties, are the result of large withdrawals 

for industrial, irrigation, or public supply. The depression 

centered in Jefferson County has expanded in recent years into 

Arkansas and Prairie Counties as a result of large withdrawals 

for irrigation and public supply. The lowest water-level 

altitude measured in this depression is approximately 20 ft 

higher in 2011 than in 2009. The area enclosed within the 

40-ft contour on the 2011 potentiometric-surface map has 

decreased in area, shifting north in Lincoln County and 

west in Arkansas County when compared with the 2009 

potentiometric-surface map. 

1–200 201–400 401–600 601–800 801–1,000 1,001–1,200 1,201–1,400

Specific conductance, in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Number of samples

9

34

11

6

2 1 1

16

22

13

4 3 2 1

2009 Sample

2011 Sample

Sample size

EXPLANATION

22

Figure 6. Distribution of specific conductance in samples from the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in 2009 and 2011. 
22 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

The depression in Union County is roughly circular 

within the -60-ft contour. The lowest water-level altitude 

measurement was 157 ft below NGVD 29 in 2009, with a 

37-ft rise to 120 ft below NGVD 29 in 2011. The depression 

in Union County has diminished and encloses a smaller area 

than in recent years. In 1993, the -60-ft contour enclosed 

632 square miles (mi2). In 2003, the -60-ft contour enclosed 

767 mi2, an increase of 21 percent from 1993. In 2007, the 

-60-ft contour enclosed 699 mi2, an increase of 10 percent 

from 1993. In 2011, the -60-ft contour enclosed 375 mi2, 

a decrease of 41 percent from 1993. The lowest waterlevel altitude measurement during 2011 in the center of the 

depression in Union County represents a rise of 79 ft since 

2003. The area enclosed by the lowest altitude contour, 120 ft 

below NGVD 29, on the 2011 potentiometric-surface map is 

less than 10 percent the area enclosed by that same conour on 

the 2009 potentiometric-surface map. 

A broad depression, first shown in the 1995 

potentiometric-surface map, in western Poinsett and Cross 

Counties has both increased and decreased in size since 1995. 

In 2011, the lowest water-level altitude measurement in this 

depression, 129 ft above NGVD 29, is 2 ft lower than in 2009. 

The 140-ft contour extended southwest into northwestern 

St. Francis and east-central Woodruff Counties in 2011. 

In Columbia County in 2011, the area of the depression 

decreased, with water levels rising about 1 ft since 2005 in 

the well with the lowest water-level altitude measurement. 

The depression in Bradley County in 2011 declined in area 

compared to 2007. 

A water-level difference map was constructed using the 

difference between water-level measurements made during 

2007 and 2011 at 247 wells. The differences in water level 

between 2007 and 2011 ranged from -17.3 ft to 45.4 ft, with 

a mean of 4.1 ft. In central Union County, water levels in 

seven wells rose 20 ft or more, with an average annual rise of 

5 ft or more. Water levels generally declined in the northern 

half of the study area and generally increased in the southern 

half of the study area. Areas with a general decline in water 

levels include Lonoke and western Prairie Counties; northern 

Arkansas County; Miller County; and Craighead, Poinsett, 

Cross, and Woodruff Counties. Areas with a general rise in 

water levels include Lafayette, Columbia, Union, Calhoun, 

and Bradley Counties; Grant, Jefferson, southern Arkansas, 

Lincoln, Drew, and Desha Counties; and Phillips County. 

Hydrographs from 183 wells with a minimum of 25 years 

of water-level measurements were constructed. During the 

period 1987–2011, county mean annual water levels generally 

declined. Mean annual declines were between 0.5 ft/yr and 

0.0 ft/yr in Ashley, Chicot, Crittenden, Drew, Grant, Jefferson, 

Lafayette, Mississippi, Monroe, Ouachita, Phillips, Pulaski, 

St. Francis, and Woodruff Counties. Mean annual declines 

were between 1.0 foot per year (ft/yr) and 0.5 ft/yr in Bradley, 

Calhoun, Cleveland, Craighead, Cross, Desha, Lonoke, 

Miller, Poinsett, and Prairie Counties. Mean annual declines 

were between 1.5 ft/yr and 1.0 ft/yr in Arkansas, Lee, and 

Lincoln Counties. The county mean annual water level rose in 

Columbia, Dallas, and Union Counties, about 0.3 ft/yr, 0.1 ft/

yr, and 1.2 ft/yr, respectively.

Water samples were collected in the summer of 2011 

from 61 wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer 

and measured onsite for specific conductance, pH, and 

temperature. Although there is a regional increase in specific 

conductance to the east and south, anomalous increases occur 

in some parts of the study area. Specific conductance ranged 

from 35 microsiemens per centimeter (μS/cm) in Ouachita 

County to 1,380 μS/cm in Monroe County. Relatively large 

specific conductance values (greater than 700 mS/cm) occur 

in samples from wells in Arkansas, Ashley, Clay, Monroe, 

Phillips, and Union Counties.

Selected References

Broom, M.E., Kraemer, T.F., and Bush, W.V., 1984, A 

reconnaissance study of saltwater contamination in the El 

Dorado aquifer, Union County, Arkansas: U.S. Geological 

Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84–4012, 

47 p.

Cunningham, W.L., and Schalk, C.W., comps., 2011, 

Groundwater technical procedures of the U.S. Geological 

Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 

book 1, chap. A1, 151 p.

Edds, Joe, and Fitzpatrick, D.J., 1985, Maps showing altitude 

of the potentiometric surface and changes in water levels 

of the Sparta Sand and Memphis Sand aquifers in eastern 

Arkansas, spring 1984: U.S. Geological Survey WaterResources Investigations Report 85–4223, 1 sheet.

Edds, Joe, and Fitzpatrick, D.J., 1989, Altitude of the 

potentiometric surface and changes in water levels in the 

Sparta-Memphis aquifer in eastern and southern Arkansas, 

spring 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources 

Investigations Report 88–4042, 1 sheet.

Fenneman, N.M., 1938, Physiography of eastern United 

States: New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 689 p.

Fenneman, N.M., and Johnson, D.W., 1946, Physical divisions 

of the United States (Map): Washington, D.C., U.S. 

Geological Survey, scale 1:7,000,000.

Fishman, M.J., and Friedman, L.C., 1989, Methods for 

determination of inorganic substances in water and fluvial 

sediments: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of WaterResources Investigations, book 5, chap. A1, 545 p.

Halberg, H.N., 1972, Use of water in Arkansas, 1970: 

Arkansas Geological Commission, Water Resources 

Summary Number 7, 17 p.
Selected References 23

Halberg, H.N., 1977, Use of water in Arkansas, 1975: 

Arkansas Geological Commission, Water Resources 

Summary Number 9, 28 p.

Halberg, H.N., and Stephens, J.W., 1966, Use of water in 

Arkansas, 1965: Arkansas Geological Commission, Water 

Resources Summary Number 5, 12 p.

Hart, R.M., Clark, B.R., and Bolyard, S.E., 2008, Digital 

surfaces and thicknesses of selected hydrogeologic units 

within the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer 

Study (MERAS): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific 

Investigations Report 2008–5098, accessed March 9, 2009, 

at http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5098/.

Helsel, D.R., and Hirsch, R.M., 1992, Statistical methods 

in water resources: New York, N.Y., Elsevier Science 

Publishing Co., 522 p. 

Hem, J.D., 1985, Study and interpretation of the chemical 

characteristics of natural water: U.S. Geological Survey 

Water Supply Paper 2254, 263 p.

Holland, T.W., 1987, Use of water in Arkansas, 1985: 

Arkansas Geological Commission Water Resources 

Summary Number 14, 30 p.

Holland, T.W., 1993, Use of water in Arkansas, 1990: U.S. 

Geological Survey Open-File Report 93–48, pamphlet.

Holland, T.W., 1999, Water use in Arkansas, 1995: U.S. 

Geological Survey Open-File Report 99–188, 1 sheet. 

Holland, T.W., 2004, Estimated water use in Arkansas, 2000: 

U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 

2004–5230, 31 p. 

Holland, T.W., 2007, Water use in Arkansas, 2005: U.S. 

Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007–

5241, 31 p. 

Holland, T.W., and Ludwig, A.H., 1981, Use of water in 

Arkansas: Arkansas Geological Commission, Water 

Resources Summary Number 14, 30 p.

Hosman, R.L., 1982, Outcropping Tertiary units in southern 

Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous 

Investigations Series I–1405, 1 sheet.

Hosman, R.L., Long, A.T., Lambert, T.W., and others, 1968, 

Tertiary aquifers in the Mississippi Embayment: U.S. 

Geological Survey Professional Paper 448–D, 29 p.

Hosman, R.L., and Weiss, J.S., 1991, Geohydrologic units 

of the Mississippi Embayment and Texas Coastal Uplands 

aquifer systems, South-Central United States: U.S. 

Geological Survey Professional Paper 1416–B, 19 p. 

Joseph, R.L., 1998, Potentiometric surface of the Sparta 

aquifer in eastern and south-central Arkansas and northcentral Louisiana, and the Memphis aquifer in east-central 

Arkansas, October 1996–July 1997: U.S. Geological Survey 

Water-Resources Investigations Report 97–4282, 19 p.

Joseph, R.L., 2000, Status of water levels and selected waterquality conditions in the Sparta and Memphis aquifers in 

eastern and south-central Arkansas, 1999: U.S. Geological 

Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 00–4009, 

34 p.

Morris, E.E., and Bush, W.V., 1986, Extent and source of 

saltwater intrusion into the alluvial aquifer near Brinkley, 

Arkansas, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources 

Investigations Report 85–4322, 123 p.

Payne, J.N., 1968, Hydrologic significance of the lithofacies 

of the Sparta Sand in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and 

Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 569–A, 

17 p.

Petersen, J.C., Broom, M.E., and Bush, W.V., 1985, 

Geohydrologic units of the Gulf Coastal Plain in Arkansas: 

U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 

Report 85–4116, 20 p.

Schrader, T.P., 2004, Status of water levels and selected 

water-quality conditions in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer 

in Arkansas and the Sparta aquifer in Louisiana, springsummer 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific 

Investigations Report 2004–5055, 52 p.

Schrader, T.P., 2006, Status of water levels and selected 

water-quality conditions in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in 

Arkansas, spring-summer, 2003: U.S. Geological Survey 

Scientific Investigations Report 2006–5021, 43 p.

Schrader, T.P., 2008, Potentiomentric surface in the SpartaMemphis aquifer of the Mississippi Embayment, spring 

2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations 

Map 3014, 1 pl.

Schrader, T.P., 2009, Water levels and selected water-quality 

conditions in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer (middle Claiborne 

aquifer) in Arkansas, spring–summer 2007: U.S. Geological 

Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009–5207, 50 p.

Schrader, T.P., 2010, Water levels and selected water-quality 

conditions in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in 

eastern Arkansas, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific 

Investigations Report 2010–5140, 71 p.

Schrader, T.P., 2013, Water levels and water-quality in the 

Sparta-Memphis aquifer (middle Claiborne aquifer) in 

Arkansas, spring–summer 2009: U.S. Geological Survey 

Scientific Investigations Report 2013–5100, 53 p.
24 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Schrader, T.P., and Jones, J.S., 2007, Status of water levels 

and selected water-quality conditions in the SpartaMemphis aquifer in Arkansas and the status of water 

levels in the Sparta aquifer in Louisiana, spring 2005: 

U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 

2007–5029, 66 p.

Scheiderer, R.M., and Freiwald, D.A., 2006, Monitoring the 

recovery of the Sparta aquifer in southern Arkansas and 

northern Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 

2006–3090, 4 p.

Snider, J.L., Calandro, A.J., and Shampine, W.J., 1972, Water 

resources of Union Parish, Louisiana: Department of 

Conservation, Louisiana Geological Survey, and Louisiana 

Department of Public Works Water Resources Bulletin 

no. 17, 68 p.

Stanton, G.P., 1997, Potentiometric surface and specific 

conductance of the Sparta and Memphis aquifers in 

eastern and south-central Arkansas, 1995: U.S. Geological 

Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97–4119, 

16 p.

U.S. Geological Survey, variously dated, National field manual 

for the collection of water-quality data: U.S. Geological 

Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, 

book 9, chaps. A1–A9. [Also available at http://pubs.water.

usgs.gov/twri9A.]

Westerfield, P.A., 1995, Potentiometric surface of the Sparta 

and Memphis aquifers in eastern Arkansas, April through 

July 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources 

Investigations Report 95–4000, 1 sheet.
Appendixes 1–3

Appendix 1 27

Appendix 1

Appendix 1. Water-level data collected during spring 2011 from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—

Continued

[NGVD 29, National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929; horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Water-level altitude 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Depth to water 

(feet below 

land surface)

Land-surface datum 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Date of 

measurement

Arkansas County

02S04W06CDB1 34°33′12′′ 91°28′49′′ 39 173.13 212 03/28/2011

02S04W23DAA1 34°30′44′′ 91°23′55′′ 64 143.67 208 04/01/2011

02S04W33BBB1 34°29′22′′ 91°27′03′′ 39 166.19 205 04/01/2011

02S05W16CBB1 34°31′44′′ 91°33′19′′ 36 177.38 213 03/28/2011

02S05W34BDA1 34°29′25′′ 91°31′48′′ 30 186.45 216 03/28/2011

02S05W35AAB1 34°29′30′′ 91°30′35′′ 41 175.31 216 03/28/2011

03S04W02CCB1 34°27′48′′ 91°24′58′′ 50 151.95 202 04/01/2011

03S04W26CDA1 34°24′21′′ 91°24′38′′ 60 142.52 203 04/04/2011

03S05W02AAB1 34°28′42′′ 91°30′34′′ 40 169.82 210 03/28/2011

03S05W13BDC1 34°26′31′′ 91°30′05′′ 36 173.60 210 03/28/2011

03S05W15CBB1 34°26′33′′ 91°32′29′′ 29 176.74 206 03/28/2011

03S05W18CAB1 34°26′29′′ 91°35′25′′ 34 161.90 196 03/28/2011

03S05W28DAB1 34°24′47′′ 91°32′40′′ 22 181.68 204 04/04/2011

03S06W21ACB1 34°25′54′′ 91°39′27′′ 42 157.81 200 03/28/2011

03S06W30BBD1 34°25′16′′ 91°42′16′′ 32 159.30 191 04/04/2011

04S01W04CBD1 34°22′25′′ 91°08′08′′ 86 110.13 196 04/05/2011

04S01W28BAA1 34°19′27′′ 91°07′48′′ 87 102.71 190 04/05/2011

04S04W11BCC1 34°21′57′′ 91°25′02′′ 36 161.55 198 03/31/2011

04S04W19CBB1 34°20′04′′ 91°29′29′′ 33 162.49 195 03/31/2011

04S04W22DAA1 34°20′07′′ 91°25′15′′ 41 153.66 195 03/31/2011

04S05W01BAA1 34°23′22′′ 91°29′56′′ 36 160.44 196 03/28/2011

04S05W05ACC1 34°23′03′′ 91°34′13′′ 29 156.72 186 03/21/2011

04S05W15AAA1 34°21′32′′ 91°31′33′′ 37 164.44 201 03/28/2011

04S05W36DCC1 34°17′52′′ 91°30′04′′ 37 158.97 196 03/31/2011

05S01W17BAA1 34°15′51′′ 91°07′45′′ 86 90.08 176 04/05/2011

05S03W04ADB1 34°17′34′′ 91°20′07′′ 41 147.43 188 04/04/2011

05S04W26ACA1 34°13′58′′ 91°24′34′′ 51 136.58 188 03/31/2011

05S05W36DAA1 34°12′45′′ 91°29′47′′ 38 141.61 180 03/31/2011

06S02W06ABB1 34°12′28′′ 91°16′20′′ 65 115.90 181 03/31/2011

06S02W17ADA1 34°10′23′′ 91°14′53′′ 78 110.50 188 03/31/2011

06S02W22CDB1 34°09′04′′ 91°13′31′′ 78 108.18 186 03/31/2011

06S03W27BAA1 34°08′59′′ 91°20′09′′ 64 117.34 181 03/31/2011

07S02W28ABA1 34°03′40′′ 91°14′11′′ 79 102.13 181 03/31/2011

07S03W06ABC1 34°07′02′′ 91°22′48′′ 55 129.53 185 03/31/2011

08S02W09BCC1 34°00′31′′ 91°14′48′′ 76 97.79 174 03/31/2011

Ashley County

15S07W32CDD1 33°21′18′′ 91°51′01′′ 52 138.41 190 03/29/2011

17S09W15ACC1 33°13′34′′ 92°01′16′′ 77 22.83 100 03/29/2011

Bradley County

12S09W31CCB1 33°37′11′′ 92°04′44′′ 47 184.12 231 03/29/2011

13S09W06ACB2 33°36′47′′ 92°04′17′′ 40 168.24 208 03/29/2011

13S11W17BCD1 33°34′54′′ 92°16′07′′ 58 191.89 250 03/29/2011

15S11W31DDD1 33°21′42′′ 92°16′21′′ 29 102.40 131 03/01/2011

16S12W21CAA1 33°18′39′′ 92°20′52′′ 22 78.36 100 03/29/2011

Appendix 1. Water-level data collected during spring 2011 from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.

[NGVD 29, National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929; horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)]
28 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Appendix 1. Water-level data collected during spring 2011 from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—

Continued

[NGVD 29, National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929; horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Water-level altitude 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Depth to water 

(feet below 

land surface)

Land-surface datum 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Date of 

measurement

Calhoun County

13S13W32CDA1 33°32′27′′ 92°27′42′′ 33 175.50 208 05/19/2011

14S13W03CAB1 33°31′45′′ 92°25′51′′ 33 169.08 202 05/19/2011

14S13W05BBD1 33°32′07′′ 92°28′02′′ 38 151.42 189 05/19/2011

14S13W12CCB1 33°30′40′′ 92°24′04′′ 40 165.18 205 05/19/2011

Chicot County

13S03W22DAD1 33°33′12′′ 91°23′08′′ 64 70.74 135 03/29/2011

15S03W07BCC1 33°24′45′′ 91°27′23′′ 64 65.35 129 03/29/2011

Cleveland County

09S11W01DCA1 33°57′29′′ 92°11′34′′ 42 183.03 225 05/18/2011

09S11W11CDB1 33°56′23′′ 92°12′51′′ 72 160.64 233 05/18/2011

10S09W23CDC1 33°49′18′′ 92°00′21′′ 52 167.84 220 05/18/2011

10S09W35ACD1 33°47′58′′ 91°59′57′′ 54 164.96 219 05/18/2011

10S12W12BDD1 33°51′33′′ 92°17′43′′ 101 118.83 220 05/18/2011

11S11W16AAB1 33°45′43′′ 92°14′23′′ 100 202.97 303 05/18/2011

Columbia County

15S20W20CCB1 33°24′53′′ 93°12′15′′ 156 216.45 372 03/24/2011

16S20W08DCC1 33°21′14′′ 93°11′41′′ 87 315.03 402 03/25/2011

16S21W14CBB1 33°20′49′′ 93°15′17′′ 77 203.83 281 03/21/2011

16S21W20DAD1 33°19′55′′ 93°17′36′′ 96 254.43 350 03/21/2011

16S22W22CCD1 33°19′48′′ 93°22′25′′ 207 132.97 340 03/14/2011

17S19W15AAB1 33°15′46′′ 93°03′18′′ 41 277.31 318 03/22/2011

17S19W17ACA1 33°15′38′′ 93°05′36′′ 31 271.86 303 03/24/2011

17S19W18CBD1 33°15′17′′ 93°06′56′′ -5 310.11 305 03/24/2011

17S19W19BCA1 33°14′33′′ 93°07′05′′ 30 271.36 301 03/22/2011

17S19W30ABB1 33°14′06′′ 93°06′50′′ 32 215.52 248 03/22/2011

17S20W13BCD1 33°15′32′′ 93°08′07′′ 33 307.02 340 03/24/2011

17S20W17CDA1 33°15′20′′ 93°12′01′′ 20 305.21 325.1 03/24/2011

17S20W36ABC1 33°13′07′′ 93°07′55′′ 42 293.06 335 03/23/2011

17S21W01BBC1 33°17′43′′ 93°14′24′′ 55 250.37 305 03/21/2011

17S21W08DCA1 33°16′13′′ 93°17′58′′ 91 208.90 300 03/22/2011

17S21W11DCC2 33°16′09′′ 93°14′49′′ 28 271.97 300 03/22/2011

17S21W11DCC3 33°16′09′′ 93°14′49′′ 22 275.71 298 03/22/2011

17S21W17BAB1 33°16′08′′ 93°18′20′′ 88 198.95 287 03/22/2011

17S22W21ABD1 33°15′17′′ 93°23′04′′ 214 81.45 295 03/22/2011

17S22W22ABB1 33°15′22′′ 93°22′10′′ 185 135.75 321 03/23/2011

17S22W23BBB1 33°15′21′′ 93°21′37′′ 191 148.78 340 03/22/2011

18S20W06DDC1 33°11′43′′ 93°12′49′′ 1 299.43 300 03/22/2011

18S20W08CBC1 33°11′15′′ 93°12′27′′ -9 272.02 263 03/23/2011

18S20W10CAA1 33°10′54′′ 93°10′16′′ 19 271.29 290 03/23/2011

19S20W08DAB1 33°05′58′′ 93°11′56′′ 53 274.62 328 03/02/2011

19S20W09CBD1 33°05′55′′ 93°11′29′′ 69 262.52 332 03/23/2011

19S20W34BDD1 33°02′39′′ 93°10′31′′ 83 206.98 290 03/23/2011
Appendix 1 29

Appendix 1. Water-level data collected during spring 2011 from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—

Continued

[NGVD 29, National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929; horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Water-level altitude 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Depth to water 

(feet below 

land surface)

Land-surface datum 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Date of 

measurement

Columbia County—Continued

19S21W16DBB1 33°05′17′′ 93°17′24′′ 111 172.62 284 03/23/2011

19S23W10ABD1 33°06′44′′ 93°28′33′′ 199 43.41 242 03/24/2011

19S23W11CDA2 33°06′09′′ 93°27′44′′ 197 51.07 248 03/24/2011

19S23W11DDB1 33°06′05′′ 93°27′22′′ 194 51.85 246 03/24/2011

19S23W14BAB2 33°05′55′′ 93°27′52′′ 199 44.52 244 03/24/2011

20S22W11ACD1 33°01′09′′ 93°21′33′′ 164 106.95 271 03/23/2011

Craighead County

13N03E23CDD1 35°44′04′′ 90°44′33′′ 155 93.16 248 04/28/2011

14N04E22CBD1 35°49′29′′ 90°39′21′′ 198 58.28 256 04/28/2011

14N05E34ADD1 35°47′48′′ 90°34′14′′ 212 17.77 230 04/27/2011

14N05E36CBC1 35°47′51′′ 90°31′00′′ 206 13.62 220 04/27/2011

15N05E29DBB1 35°53′60′′ 90°34′33′′ 232 25.95 258 04/28/2011

15N06E18ACA1 35°55′44′′ 90°28′58′′ 211 19.21 230 04/27/2011

Crittenden County

06N07E01DAD2 35°09′58′′ 90°17′38′′ 185 23.85 209 04/27/2011

06N09E08DCC1 35°08′50′′ 90°09′22′′ 211 3.58 215 04/27/2011

06N09E23AAB1 35°07′45′′ 90°05′53′′ 175 46.56 222 04/27/2011

09N07E21BBB1 35°23′41′′ 90°21′31′′ 191 25.12 216 04/27/2011

Cross County

06N04E06ACA1 35°10′04′′ 90°42′38′′ 155 202.83 358 05/31/2011

07N05E04ADD1 35°15′38′′ 90°33′30′′ 176 33.43 209 05/31/2011

08N02E18BDB1 35°19′08′′ 90°55′38′′ 140 87.89 228 05/31/2011

09N01E16CAC1 35°24′05′′ 90°59′51′′ 139 94.80 234 05/31/2011

09N03E22AAB2 35°24′04′′ 90°45′18′′ 147 130.12 277 05/31/2011

09N03E22AAD1 35°24′03′′ 90°45′12′′ 150 127.55 278 05/31/2011

09N04E30DCA1 35°22′32′′ 90°42′18′′ 153 276.63 429.32 05/31/2011

Dallas County

07S14W31AAA1 34°04′25′′ 92°33′34′′ 217 113.48 330 05/17/2011

07S16W20CAB1 34°05′55′′ 92°45′45′′ 296 25.72 322 05/17/2011

08S15W34BDC1 33°58′59′′ 92°37′30′′ 212 28.07 240 05/17/2011

08S16W18ACC1 34°01′52′′ 92°46′39′′ 233 19.22 252 05/17/2011

09S13W35CCD1 33°53′09′′ 92°24′13′′ 127 72.75 200 05/17/2011

09S14W01BDC1 33°57′54′′ 92°29′19′′ 224 41.05 265 05/17/2011

09S16W19CAA1 33°56′05′′ 92°47′01′′ 253 7.40 260 05/17/2011

10S13W34ACA2 33°48′29′′ 92°24′58′′ 120 151.86 272 05/17/2011

10S14W27CDB1 33°49′08′′ 92°31′38′′ 239 30.99 270 05/17/2011

10S15W11DBB1 33°52′01′′ 92°36′32′′ 238 57.21 295 03/03/2011

10S15W18BCC1 33°51′20′′ 92°41′20′′ 252 76.18 328 05/17/2011

Desha County

09S02W26AAC1 33°53′46′′ 91°15′21′′ 86 67.50 153 05/26/2011

09S04W28DDD1 33°53′10′′ 91°30′07′′ 48 116.54 165 05/26/2011

10S02W26CCC2 33°47′50′′ 91°16′24′′ 78 70.07 148 05/26/2011
30 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Appendix 1. Water-level data collected during spring 2011 from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—

Continued

[NGVD 29, National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929; horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Water-level altitude 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Depth to water 

(feet below 

land surface)

Land-surface datum 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Date of 

measurement

Desha County—Continued

10S04W11CBC1 33°50′34′′ 91°29′05′′ 59 101.53 161 05/26/2011

11S02W03CCA1 33°46′16′′ 91°17′11′′ 76 62.54 139 05/26/2011

12S03W26CBB1 33°37′49′′ 91°22′59′′ 55 88.10 143 05/26/2011

12S03W34DAD1 33°36′43′′ 91°23′05′′ 70 77.31 147 05/26/2011

Drew County

11S04W02ACA2 33°46′32′′ 91°28′27′′ 60 93.46 153 03/30/2011

11S04W25DAA1 33°42′49′′ 91°27′07′′ 60 87.81 148 03/30/2011

11S06W11DBC1 33°46′07′′ 91°41′22′′ 52 150.54 203 03/30/2011

12S06W30BBD1 33°38′07′′ 91°45′43′′ 46 224.80 271 03/30/2011

12S06W32DAD1 33°36′49′′ 91°44′02′′ 52 162.85 215 03/30/2011

13S05W36ACB1 33°31′51′′ 91°34′08′′ 77 91.73 169 03/30/2011

15S04W12DDA1 33°24′29′′ 91°27′24′′ 61 63.92 125 03/30/2011

Grant County

03S13W12AAA1 34°28′46′′ 92°21′06′′ 231 129.79 361 04/14/2011

03S15W26DAA1 34°26′01′′ 92°34′47′′ 326 10.90 337 04/14/2011

05S13W03CAA1 34°18′44′′ 92°24′00′′ 176 83.79 260 04/14/2011

05S13W03CDA4 34°18′38′′ 92°24′02′′ 176 105.17 281 04/14/2011

05S13W07ADB1 34°18′10′′ 92°26′50′′ 190 79.76 270 04/14/2011

05S14W06DCC1 34°18′43′′ 92°33′27′′ 208 85.47 293 04/14/2011

05S15W05ABD1 34°19′24′′ 92°38′27′′ 222 14.47 236 04/14/2011

06S11W05ACD1 34°13′41′′ 92°14′13′′ 80 189.02 269 04/15/2011

06S15W26ACA1 34°10′22′′ 92°35′38′′ 216 63.64 280 04/14/2011

07S12W21BDB1 34°05′58′′ 92°19′53′′ 218 4.60 223 04/15/2011

Jefferson County

03S08W19BAD1 34°26′24′′ 91°54′44′′ 48 169.28 217 04/12/2011

03S08W19BBD1 34°26′28′′ 91°55′05′′ 52 162.78 215 04/12/2011

03S10W14CAD1 34°26′59′′ 92°03′30′′ 107 114.48 221 04/12/2011

03S10W27AAD1 34°25′02′′ 92°04′34′′ 76 145.83 222 04/12/2011

03S11W22ABC1 34°26′51′′ 92°10′58′′ 140 170.37 310 04/07/2011

04S07W17BCC1 34°21′40′′ 91°47′42′′ 34 166.29 200 04/12/2011

04S08W35BBD1 34°19′09′′ 91°50′56′′ -15 215.40 200 04/12/2011

04S09W11BAA1 34°23′09′′ 91°57′02′′ 67 142.86 210 04/12/2011

04S10W29ADB1 34°20′25′′ 92°06′25′′ 50 217.06 267.55 04/07/2011

04S11W14BAD1 34°22′20′′ 92°10′00′′ 80 320.46 400 04/07/2011

05S08W30ADB1 34°14′52′′ 91°54′40′′ -55 276.43 221 04/19/2011

05S09W24DBD1 34°15′30′′ 91°55′56′′ -52 259.74 208.17 04/18/2011

05S10W16DBB1 34°16′35′′ 92°05′43′′ 1 313.86 315 04/07/2011

06S08W16CCC1 34°11′43′′ 91°55′17′′ -37 239.21 202.42 04/18/2011

06S08W25ADC1 34°10′25′′ 91°51′16′′ -12 215.09 203.48 04/18/2011

06S09W17CAD1 34°11′59′′ 92°02′07′′ -22 255.30 233 04/13/2011

06S09W17CCA1 34°11′52′′ 92°02′21′′ -16 250.79 234.34 04/13/2011

06S10W23ACA2 34°11′23′′ 92°05′04′′ 17 217.55 235 04/19/2011

06S10W23ACD1 34°11′16′′ 92°05′08′′ 11 228.10 239 04/18/2011
Appendix 1 31

Appendix 1. Water-level data collected during spring 2011 from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—

Continued

[NGVD 29, National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929; horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Water-level altitude 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Depth to water 

(feet below 

land surface)

Land-surface datum 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Date of 

measurement

Jefferson County—Continued

06S10W23DBA1 34°11′05′′ 92°05′06′′ 19 232.62 252 04/19/2011

07S07W24BAB1 34°06′33′′ 91°45′23′′ 27 160.68 188 04/19/2011

07S10W24CAC1 34°05′49′′ 92°04′21′′ 46 264.83 311 04/18/2011

Lafayette County

16S23W12CAD1 33°21′43′′ 93°26′09′′ 261 61.49 322 03/14/2011

16S24W26AAC1 33°19′50′′ 93°33′03′′ 210 56.72 267 03/14/2011

17S23W19ACC1 33°15′20′′ 93°31′28′′ 238 53.27 291 03/14/2011

17S24W23BBD1 33°15′26′′ 93°34′03′′ 227 33.61 261 03/14/2011

18S23W29ACC1 33°09′11′′ 93°30′39′′ 238 17.49 255 03/14/2011

19S23W29BDB1 33°03′52′′ 93°31′03′′ 210 39.96 250 03/14/2011

20S23W05ADB1 33°02′23′′ 93°30′36′′ 204 37.56 242 03/14/2011

Lee County

01N04E09CDD1 34°42′10′′ 90°41′19′′ 141 66.61 208 04/26/2011

Lincoln County

07S07W30CDC1 34°04′44′′ 91°50′43′′ 36 172.32 208 06/02/2011

08S08W35DBB1 33°58′58′′ 91°52′22′′ 32 217.66 250 03/30/2011

09S07W07DAD1 33°56′34′′ 91°51′28′′ 21 274.74 296 03/30/2011

Lonoke County

01N07W03BCC1 34°44′25′′ 91°45′03′′ 87 136.20 223 03/10/2011

01S08W02DBD1 34°38′55′′ 91°49′60′′ 102 108.41 210 03/11/2011

02N07W06ACD1 34°49′39′′ 91°47′37′′ 116 124.51 241 03/10/2011

02N07W09AAA1 34°49′06′′ 91°45′00′′ 129 102.77 232 03/10/2011

02N07W22DBA1 34°46′51′′ 91°44′26′′ 92 135.45 227 03/10/2011

02N07W24DAC1 34°46′50′′ 91°42′09′′ 80 150.94 231 03/10/2011

02N07W32DDD1 34°44′53′′ 91°46′19′′ 86 139.74 226 03/10/2011

02S07W08DCC1 34°32′35′′ 91°47′00′′ 60 141.71 202 03/11/2011

02S08W16BDA1 34°32′28′′ 91°52′32′′ 90 126.40 216 03/10/2011

03N07W03CAA1 34°54′45′′ 91°44′26′′ 153 81.70 235 03/11/2011

03N07W23CCC1 34°51′44′′ 91°43′50′′ 136 92.29 228 03/11/2011

03N08W11ACD1 34°54′03′′ 91°49′35′′ 152 96.43 248 03/11/2011

03N08W22DAD1 34°52′05′′ 91°50′24′′ 134 98.99 233 03/11/2011

03N08W22DAD2 34°52′05′′ 91°50′24′′ 133 99.66 233 03/11/2011

03N08W22DDD2 34°51′52′′ 91°50′25′′ 137 98.14 235 03/11/2011

Miller County

17S25W18CDB1 33°16′05′′ 93°44′02′′ 208 12.20 220 05/16/2011

19S27W10BBA1 33°07′19′′ 93°53′45′′ 303 17.17 320 05/16/2011

Monroe County

01N01W15DBC2 34°41′39′′ 91°05′42′′ 123 62.00 185 04/27/2011

01N03W14CCB1 34°41′44′′ 91°18′01′′ 98 74.30 172 04/26/2011

03N02W26DAB1 34°50′42′′ 91°10′26′′ 142 49.54 192 04/26/2011

04N02W28DDD4 34°55′35′′ 91°12′21′′ 159 32.73 192 04/26/2011

04N02W30BAC1 34°56′17′′ 91°15′04′′ 166 15.58 182 04/26/2011

04N02W30BAD1 34°56′17′′ 91°15′15′′ 155 20.98 176 04/26/2011
32 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Appendix 1. Water-level data collected during spring 2011 from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—

Continued

[NGVD 29, National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929; horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Water-level altitude 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Depth to water 

(feet below 

land surface)

Land-surface datum 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Date of 

measurement

Ouachita County

11S15W27ABD1 33°44′41′′ 92°37′26′′ 130 69.72 200 05/20/2011

11S17W14CAC1 33°46′31′′ 92°49′27′′ 126 19.90 146 05/20/2011

11S17W36CCA1 33°43′41′′ 92°48′34′′ 125 7.94 133 05/17/2011

12S15W09BBA1 33°42′23′′ 92°39′22′′ 165 47.83 213 05/20/2011

12S16W25BDC1 33°39′29′′ 92°42′11′′ 105 35.25 140 05/24/2011

12S16W26ABD1 33°39′46′′ 92°43′04′′ 105 32.23 137 05/24/2011

12S18W19CDC1 33°40′14′′ 92°59′51′′ 202 32.87 235 03/22/2011

12S18W25CAB1 33°39′37′′ 92°54′42′′ 108 78.51 187 05/16/2011

12S19W09BAB1 33°42′51′′ 93°03′52′′ 275 14.79 290 05/17/2011

12S19W35BDD1 33°39′01′′ 93°01′46′′ 193 156.69 350 05/16/2011

13S16W28ADD1 33°34′16′′ 92°44′51′′ 79 27.40 106 05/20/2011

13S18W06BBA1 33°38′19′′ 93°00′06′′ 167 114.60 282 03/03/2011

13S18W31BDD1 33°33′43′′ 92°59′56′′ 210 31.77 242 05/19/2011

13S19W28BCD1 33°34′34′′ 93°04′18′′ 192 37.55 230 05/16/2011

14S16W32BDB1 33°28′16′′ 92°46′40′′ 187 43.79 231 03/21/2011

14S17W03CBA1 33°32′34′′ 92°50′55′′ 123 16.70 140 03/03/2011

14S17W05CAD1 33°32′38′′ 92°52′55′′ 119 38.20 157 03/03/2011

14S17W19DBB1 33°30′02′′ 92°53′45′′ 229 29.70 259 03/21/2011

14S17W32CAD1 33°28′03′′ 92°52′51′′ 141 79.04 220 05/24/2011

14S19W29ABB1 33°29′41′′ 93°05′13′′ 192 88.38 280 05/16/2011

15S15W32DBB2 33°22′34′′ 92°40′27′′ -40 159.17 119 05/19/2011

15S16W23DAC1 33°24′17′′ 92°43′14′′ 44 126.21 170 05/19/2011

15S18W36ADD1 33°23′11′′ 92°54′36′′ 69 91.14 160 05/19/2011

15S19W10DCC1 33°26′18′′ 93°03′18′′ 140 69.83 210 05/24/2011

15S19W21CDD2 33°24′38′′ 93°04′32′′ 84 188.10 272 03/03/2011

Phillips County

01S02E32DDC1 34°33′24′′ 90°54′55′′ 133 77.81 211 05/25/2011

02S02E01ADC1 34°33′23′′ 90°50′56′′ 143 32.82 176 05/25/2011

02S04E02DAA1 34°32′43′′ 90°38′44′′ 169 89.76 259 05/25/2011

02S04E02DBA1 34°32′43′′ 90°39′07′′ 158 91.83 250 05/25/2011

02S05E29CCC1 34°28′51′′ 90°36′35′′ 164 15.06 179 05/25/2011

03S03E30DAA1 34°24′03′′ 90°49′15′′ 135 37.28 172 05/25/2011

04S02E25CCC1 34°18′24′′ 90°51′21′′ 137 29.23 166 05/25/2011

Poinsett County

10N01E12BDC1 35°30′26′′ 90°56′30′′ 130 104.40 234 04/28/2011

10N01E15DBB1 35°29′31′′ 90°58′25′′ 136 96.14 232 06/01/2011

10N01E33ABA1 35°27′25′′ 90°59′24′′ 138 82.62 221 04/28/2011

10N03E02BCD1 35°31′39′′ 90°44′47′′ 137 113.82 251 04/28/2011

10N03E23CAC1 35°28′50′′ 90°44′32′′ 143 115.27 258 04/28/2011

11N02E16CCC1 35°34′48′′ 90°53′21′′ 129 113.65 243 04/28/2011

11N03E25BDD 35°33′28′′ 90°43′23′′ 149 127.60 277 04/29/2011

11N03E25BDD1 35°33′25′′ 90°43′23′′ 145 124.03 269 04/29/2011
Appendix 1 33

Appendix 1. Water-level data collected during spring 2011 from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—

Continued

[NGVD 29, National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929; horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Water-level altitude 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Depth to water 

(feet below 

land surface)

Land-surface datum 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Date of 

measurement

Poinsett—Continued

12N03E35BCC1 35°37′45′′ 90°44′56′′ 141 102.98 244 04/28/2011

12N03E35DDA1 35°37′27′′ 90°43′53′′ 141 106.42 247 04/28/2011

Prairie County

01N05W19CDC1 34°41′13′′ 91°35′05′′ 66 146.47 212 04/06/2011

01N06W34CBB1 34°39′43′′ 91°38′46′′ 63 162.87 226 04/05/2011

01S05W06BCB1 34°39′04′′ 91°35′32′′ 63 157.39 220 04/05/2011

01S05W20ABB1 34°36′40′′ 91°33′52′′ 61 158.62 220 04/05/2011

01S06W01BDD2 34°38′59′′ 91°36′13′′ 63 162.73 226 04/05/2011

01S06W11DBD1 34°37′49′′ 91°36′54′′ 48 177.72 226 04/05/2011

01S06W12BAB2 34°38′26′′ 91°36′13′′ 57 171.28 228 03/17/2011

02N04W19ACB1 34°46′49′′ 91°28′02′′ 150 60.82 211 04/06/2011

02N05W21CBB2 34°46′49′′ 91°33′00′′ 115 110.02 225 03/22/2011

02N05W24BCA4 34°46′59′′ 91°29′37′′ 121 103.58 225 03/22/2011

02N06W04DBB1 34°49′28′′ 91°38′52′′ 129 106.05 235 04/06/2011

02N06W19AAB1 34°47′18′′ 91°40′50′′ 83 152.69 236 04/06/2011

02N06W20BCB1 34°47′07′′ 91°40′33′′ 87 149.24 236 04/06/2011

02N06W21DAD1 34°46′44′′ 91°38′29′′ 103 128.86 232 04/06/2011

02N06W22BDD1 34°46′54′′ 91°38′01′′ 103 130.44 233 04/06/2011

02N06W24CAA2 34°46′51′′ 91°35′51′′ 112 120.93 233 03/22/2011

03N05W03ADA2 34°54′52′′ 91°30′43′′ 144 61.08 205 04/06/2011

03N05W20CCC1 34°51′45′′ 91°33′56′′ 142 71.28 213 04/06/2011

03N06W20CDD1 34°51′40′′ 91°40′04′′ 139 85.70 225 04/06/2011

St. Francis County

03N01W33CDD1 34°54′46′′ 91°06′35′′ 139 70.91 210 04/27/2011

04N04E18BAB1 34°57′43′′ 90°43′19′′ 154 65.52 220 04/27/2011

Union County

16S14W15CAB1 33°19′44′′ 92°32′18′′ -40 133.56 94 03/15/2011

16S16W02ABC1 33°22′06′′ 92°43′29′′ -42 158.27 116 04/20/2011

17S12W31DDD1 33°12′06′′ 92°22′26′′ 11 209.24 220 03/17/2011

17S12W32BBC1 33°12′02′′ 92°22′19′′ -16 247.39 231 03/17/2011

17S13W31BAC1 33°12′00′′ 92°29′16′′ -62 278.07 216 03/17/2011

17S14W22BAB1 33°13′54′′ 92°32′24′′ -76 276.92 201 04/20/2011

17S15W08CDD1 33°15′05′′ 92°40′27′′ -95 270.36 174.92 03/15/2011

17S15W18DBB1 33°14′39′′ 92°41′29′′ -104 286.84 182.93 03/25/2011

17S16W01BAA1 33°16′49′′ 92°42′33′′ -74 262.65 188.84 03/15/2011

17S16W24BDB1 33°13′57′′ 92°42′48′′ -120 324.99 205 03/15/2011

17S17W25DBA2 33°12′56′′ 92°48′38′′ -71 320.58 250 03/25/2011

17S17W30DCD1 33°12′57′′ 92°53′56′′ -24 303.86 280 03/17/2011

18S11W09ABC1 33°10′12′′ 92°14′43′′ 33 102.46 135 03/16/2011

18S12W33BBB1 33°06′50′′ 92°21′20′′ -24 138.40 114 03/16/2011

18S15W03DAB1 33°11′04′′ 92°38′02′′ -88 328.10 240 03/16/2011

18S15W33ADA1 33°06′59′′ 92°38′58′′ -79 332.36 253 03/16/2011
34 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Appendix 1. Water-level data collected during spring 2011 from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—

Continued

[NGVD 29, National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929; horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Water-level altitude 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Depth to water 

(feet below 

land surface)

Land-surface datum 

(feet above 

NGVD 29)

Date of 

measurement

Union County—Continued

18S15W35DAC1 33°06′36′′ 92°37′07′′ -61 261.91 201 03/16/2011

18S16W10CDD1 33°10′00′′ 92°44′45′′ -91 272.75 182 03/15/2011

18S16W11DAC1 33°10′11′′ 92°43′16′′ -95 367.36 272 03/16/2011

18S16W12ACB1 33°10′29′′ 92°42′32′′ -98 399.92 302 03/16/2011

19S10W16CBC1 33°03′29′′ 92°09′04′′ -5 86.55 82 03/16/2011

19S11W23ACA1 33°02′55′′ 92°12′29′′ -9 151.17 142 03/17/2011

19S11W25AAA1 33°02′18′′ 92°11′13′′ -10 145.49 135 03/16/2011

19S12W13AAA1 33°04′11′′ 92°17′17′′ 31 159.66 191 03/16/2011

19S18W14ADA1 33°04′52′′ 92°56′08′′ 52 190.81 243 03/17/2011

Woodruff County

05N01W11ABA1 35°04′26′′ 91°04′07′′ 150 61.17 211 05/27/2011

05N01W17DBB1 35°03′11′′ 91°07′27′′ 163 46.74 210 05/27/2011

05N02W31DCB3 35°00′27′′ 91°14′56′′ 180 13.09 193 05/27/2011

06N01W13ABA1 35°08′52′′ 91°02′54′′ 138 73.51 212 05/27/2011

06N01W13ADC1 35°08′27′′ 91°02′47′′ 142 70.11 212 05/27/2011

07N01W12BCB1 35°14′42′′ 91°03′26′′ 154 68.43 222 05/27/2011

08N01W12CDA1 35°19′34′′ 91°03′11′′ 147 77.89 225 05/27/2011

08N02W26ADC1 35°17′26′′ 91°10′04′′ 185 27.06 212 05/27/2011
Appendix 2 35

Appendix 2

Appendix 2. Difference in water level from 2007 to 2011 in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued

[Horizontal datum is the North American Datum of 1983; negative values denote a decline; 2007 depth-to-water level from Schrader (2009)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

2007 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

2011 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

Difference in water level 

from 2007 to 2011 

(feet)

Arkansas County

02S04W06CDB1 34°33′12′′ 91°28′49′′ 159.24 173.13 -13.9

02S04W23DAA1 34°30′44′′ 91°23′55′′ 144.91 143.67 1.2

02S04W33BBB1 34°29′22′′ 91°27′03′′ 168.78 166.19 2.6

02S05W16CBB1 34°31′44′′ 91°33′19′′ 172.95 177.38 -4.4

02S05W34BDA1 34°29′25′′ 91°31′48′′ 180.13 186.45 -6.3

02S05W35AAB1 34°29′30′′ 91°30′35′′ 174.89 175.31 -0.4

03S04W02CCB1 34°27′48′′ 91°24′58′′ 153.4 151.95 1.5

03S04W26CDA1 34°24′21′′ 91°24′38′′ 147.52 142.52 5.0

03S05W02AAB1 34°28′42′′ 91°30′34′′ 173.32 169.82 3.5

03S05W13BDC1 34°26′31′′ 91°30′05′′ 183.01 173.6 9.4

03S05W15CBB1 34°26′33′′ 91°32′29′′ 179.22 176.74 2.5

03S05W28DAB1 34°24′47′′ 91°32′40′′ 172.86 181.68 -8.8

03S06W30BBD1 34°25′16′′ 91°42′16′′ 157.4 159.3 -1.9

04S01W04CBD1 34°22′25′′ 91°08′08′′ 113.42 110.13 3.3

04S01W28BAA1 34°19′27′′ 91°07′48′′ 106.52 102.71 3.8

04S04W11BCC1 34°21′57′′ 91°25′02′′ 155.1 161.55 -6.5

04S04W19CBB1 34°20′04′′ 91°29′29′′ 163.58 162.49 1.1

04S04W22DAA1 34°20′07′′ 91°25′15′′ 159.48 153.66 5.8

04S05W01BAA1 34°23′22′′ 91°29′56′′ 156.85 160.44 -3.6

04S05W05ACC1 34°23′03′′ 91°34′13′′ 159.4 156.72 2.7

04S05W15AAA1 34°21′32′′ 91°31′33′′ 167.55 164.44 3.1

04S05W36DCC1 34°17′52′′ 91°30′04′′ 166.15 158.97 7.2

05S01W17BAA1 34°15′51′′ 91°07′45′′ 93.46 90.08 3.4

05S03W04ADB1 34°17′34′′ 91°20′07′′ 140.31 147.43 -7.1

05S04W26ACA1 34°13′58′′ 91°24′34′′ 140.06 136.58 3.5

05S05W36DAA1 34°12′45′′ 91°29′47′′ 145.24 141.61 3.6

06S02W06ABB1 34°12′28′′ 91°16′20′′ 115.17 115.9 -0.7

06S02W17ADA1 34°10′23′′ 91°14′53′′ 115.11 110.5 4.6

06S02W22CDB1 34°09′04′′ 91°13′31′′ 112.18 108.18 4.0

06S03W27BAA1 34°08′59′′ 91°20′09′′ 119.92 117.34 2.6

07S02W28ABA1 34°03′40′′ 91°14′11′′ 106.08 102.13 4.0

07S03W06ABC1 34°07′02′′ 91°22′48′′ 130.28 129.53 0.8

08S02W09BCC1 34°00′31′′ 91°14′48′′ 100.92 97.79 3.1

Ashley County

15S07W32CDD1 33°21′18′′ 91°51′01′′ 148.25 138.41 9.8

17S09W15ACC1 33°13′34′′ 92°01′16′′ 17.59 22.83 -5.2

Bradley County

12S09W31CCB1 33°37′11′′ 92°04′44′′ 194.72 184.12 10.6

13S09W06ACB2 33°36′47′′ 92°04′17′′ 179 168.24 10.8

13S11W17BCD1 33°34′54′′ 92°16′07′′ 202.22 191.89 10.3

16S12W21CAA1 33°18′39′′ 92°20′52′′ 79.02 78.36 0.7

Appendix 2. Difference in water level from 2007 to 2011 in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.

[Horizontal datum is the North American Datum of 1983; negative values denote a decline; 2007 depth-to-water level from Schrader (2009)]
36 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Appendix 2. Difference in water level from 2007 to 2011 in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued

[Horizontal datum is the North American Datum of 1983; negative values denote a decline; 2007 depth-to-water level from Schrader (2009)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

2007 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

2011 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

Difference in water level 

from 2007 to 2011 

(feet)

Calhoun County

13S13W32CDA1 33°32′27′′ 92°27′42′′ 194.83 175.5 19.3

14S13W03CAB1 33°31′45′′ 92°25′51′′ 167.59 169.08 -1.5

14S13W05BBD1 33°32′07′′ 92°28′02′′ 156.8 151.42 5.4

14S13W12CCB1 33°30′40′′ 92°24′04′′ 171.6 165.18 6.4

Chicot County

13S03W22DAD1 33°33′12′′ 91°23′08′′ 70.1 70.74 -0.6

15S03W07BCC1 33°24′45′′ 91°27′23′′ 65.11 65.35 -0.2

Cleveland County

09S11W01DCA1 33°57′29′′ 92°11′34′′ 206.97 183.03 23.9

09S11W11CDB1 33°56′23′′ 92°12′51′′ 162.62 160.64 2.0

10S09W23CDC1 33°49′18′′ 92°00′21′′ 164.12 167.84 -3.7

10S09W35ACD1 33°47′58′′ 91°59′57′′ 156.42 164.96 -8.5

10S12W12BDD1 33°51′33′′ 92°17′43′′ 120.26 118.83 1.4

11S11W16AAB1 33°45′43′′ 92°14′23′′ 204.31 202.97 1.3

Columbia County

16S20W08DCC1 33°21′14′′ 93°11′41′′ 319.33 315.03 4.3

17S19W15AAB1 33°15′46′′ 93°03′18′′ 275.73 277.31 -1.6

17S19W19BCA1 33°14′33′′ 93°07′05′′ 268.97 271.36 -2.4

17S20W17CDA1 33°15′20′′ 93°12′01′′ 313.96 305.21 8.8

17S20W36ABC1 33°13′07′′ 93°07′55′′ 292.66 293.06 -0.4

17S21W11DCC2 33°16′09′′ 93°14′49′′ 276.11 271.97 4.1

17S21W11DCC3 33°16′09′′ 93°14′49′′ 277.89 275.71 2.2

19S20W09CBD1 33°05′55′′ 93°11′29′′ 263.22 262.52 0.7

19S21W16DBB1 33°05′17′′ 93°17′24′′ 175.3 172.62 2.7

19S23W10ABD1 33°06′44′′ 93°28′33′′ 45.57 43.41 2.2

19S23W11CDA2 33°06′09′′ 93°27′44′′ 53.07 51.07 2.0

19S23W11DDB1 33°06′05′′ 93°27′22′′ 53.82 51.85 2.0

19S23W14BAB2 33°05′55′′ 93°27′52′′ 52.58 44.52 8.1

20S22W11ACD1 33°01′09′′ 93°21′33′′ 108.04 106.95 1.1

Craighead County

13N03E23CDD1 35°44′04′′ 90°44′33′′ 88.76 93.16 -4.4

14N04E22CBD1 35°49′29′′ 90°39′21′′ 57.38 58.28 -0.9

14N05E36CBC1 35°47′51′′ 90°31′00′′ 12.4 13.62 -1.2

15N05E29DBB1 35°53′60′′ 90°34′33′′ 23.89 25.95 -2.1

15N06E18ACA1 35°55′44′′ 90°28′58′′ 17.26 19.21 -2.0

Crittenden County

06N07E01DAD2 35°09′58′′ 90°17′38′′ 26.28 23.85 2.4

06N09E23AAB1 35°07′45′′ 90°05′53′′ 54.51 46.56 7.9

09N07E21BBB1 35°23′41′′ 90°21′31′′ 24.87 25.12 -0.3

Cross County

06N04E06ACA1 35°10′04′′ 90°42′38′′ 206.34 202.83 3.5

07N05E04ADD1 35°15′38′′ 90°33′30′′ 35.51 33.43 2.1

09N01E16CAC1 35°24′05′′ 90°59′51′′ 92.09 94.8 -2.7
Appendix 2 37

Appendix 2. Difference in water level from 2007 to 2011 in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued

[Horizontal datum is the North American Datum of 1983; negative values denote a decline; 2007 depth-to-water level from Schrader (2009)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

2007 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

2011 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

Difference in water level 

from 2007 to 2011 

(feet)

Cross County—Continued

09N03E22AAB2 35°24′04′′ 90°45′18′′ 127.98 130.12 -2.1

09N03E22AAD1 35°24′03′′ 90°45′12′′ 133.06 127.55 5.5

09N04E30DCA1 35°22′32′′ 90°42′18′′ 271.73 276.63 -4.9

Dallas County

07S14W31AAA1 34°04′25′′ 92°33′34′′ 111.07 113.48 -2.4

07S16W20CAB1 34°05′55′′ 92°45′45′′ 28.46 25.72 2.7

08S15W34BDC1 33°58′59′′ 92°37′30′′ 26.67 28.07 -1.4

08S16W18ACC1 34°01′52′′ 92°46′39′′ 16.86 19.22 -2.4

09S13W35CCD1 33°53′09′′ 92°24′13′′ 71.62 72.75 -1.1

09S14W01BDC1 33°57′54′′ 92°29′19′′ 82.92 41.05 41.9

09S16W19CAA1 33°56′05′′ 92°47′01′′ 7.31 7.4 -0.1

10S13W34ACA2 33°48′29′′ 92°24′58′′ 151.38 151.86 -0.5

10S14W27CDB1 33°49′08′′ 92°31′38′′ 33.44 30.99 2.5

10S15W18BCC1 33°51′20′′ 92°41′20′′ 79.05 76.18 2.9

Desha County

09S02W26AAC1 33°53′46′′ 91°1521′′ 72.64 67.5 5.1

09S04W28DDD1 33°53′10′′ 91°30′07′′ 115.48 116.54 -1.1

10S02W26CCC2 33°47′50′′ 91°16′24′′ 75.97 70.07 5.9

10S04W11CBC1 33°50′34′′ 91°29′05′′ 105.61 101.53 4.1

11S02W03CCA1 33°46′16′′ 91°17′11′′ 74.73 62.54 12.2

12S03W26CBB1 33°37′49′′ 91°22′59′′ 100.29 88.1 12.2

12S03W34DAD1 33°36′43′′ 91°23′05′′ 82.21 77.31 4.9

Drew County

11S04W02ACA2 33°46′32′′ 91°28′27′′ 96.09 93.46 2.6

11S04W25DAA1 33°42′49′′ 91°27′07′′ 88.18 87.81 0.4

11S06W11DBC1 33°46′07′′ 91°41′22′′ 150.59 150.54 0.1

12S06W30BBD1 33°38′07′′ 91°45′43′′ 226.62 224.8 1.8

12S06W32DAD1 33°36′49′′ 91°44′02′′ 177.16 162.85 14.3

13S05W36ACB1 33°31′51′′ 91°34′08′′ 92.23 91.73 0.5

15S04W12DDA1 33°24′29′′ 91°27′24′′ 63.68 63.92 -0.2

Grant County

03S13W12AAA1 34°28′46′′ 92°21′06′′ 132.41 129.79 2.6

03S15W26DAA1 34°26′01′′ 92°34′47′′ 11.02 10.9 0.1

05S13W03CAA1 34°18′44′′ 92°24′00′′ 88.26 83.79 4.5

05S13W03CDA4 34°18′38′′ 92°24′02′′ 113.93 105.17 8.8

05S13W07ADB1 34°18′10′′ 92°26′50′′ 81.75 79.76 2.0

05S14W06DCC1 34°18′43′′ 92°33′27′′ 87.64 85.47 2.2

05S15W05ABD1 34°19′24′′ 92°38′27′′ 14.29 14.47 -0.2

06S11W05ACD1 34°13′41′′ 92°14′13′′ 216.06 189.02 27.0

06S15W26ACA1 34°10′22′′ 92°35′38′′ 72.77 63.64 9.1

07S12W21BDB1 34°05′58′′ 92°19′53′′ 4.12 4.6 -0.5
38 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Appendix 2. Difference in water level from 2007 to 2011 in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued

[Horizontal datum is the North American Datum of 1983; negative values denote a decline; 2007 depth-to-water level from Schrader (2009)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

2007 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

2011 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

Difference in water level 

from 2007 to 2011 

(feet)

Jefferson County

03S08W19BAD1 34°26′24′′ 91°54′44′′ 173.95 169.28 4.7

03S08W19BBD1 34°26′28′′ 91°55′05′′ 181.23 162.78 18.4

03S10W14CAD1 34°26′59′′ 92°03′30′′ 120.6 114.48 6.1

03S10W27AAD1 34°25′02′′ 92°04′34′′ 136.63 145.83 -9.2

03S11W22ABC1 34°26′51′′ 92°10′58′′ 176.45 170.37 6.1

04S07W17BCC1 34°21′40′′ 91°47′42′′ 205.35 166.29 39.1

04S08W35BBD1 34°19′09′′ 91°50′56′′ 215.5 215.4 0.1

04S11W14BAD1 34°22′20′′ 92°10′00′′ 313.67 320.46 -6.8

05S08W30ADB1 34°14′52′′ 91°54′40′′ 298.66 276.43 22.2

05S09W24DBD1 34°15′30′′ 91°55′56′′ 279.23 259.74 19.5

05S10W16DBB1 34°16′35′′ 92°05′43′′ 312.25 313.86 -1.6

06S08W16CCC1 34°11′43′′ 91°55′17′′ 255.56 239.21 16.4

06S08W25ADC1 34°10′25′′ 91°51′16′′ 225.35 215.09 10.3

06S09W17CAD1 34°11′59′′ 92°02′07′′ 263.78 255.3 8.5

06S09W17CCA1 34°11′52′′ 92°02′21′′ 257.38 250.79 6.6

06S10W23ACD1 34°11′16′′ 92°05′08′′ 230.84 228.1 2.7

06S10W23DBA1 34°11′05′′ 92°05′06′′ 248.12 232.62 15.5

07S07W24BAB1 34°06′33′′ 91°45′23′′ 170.85 160.68 10.2

07S10W24CAC1 34°05′49′′ 92°04′21′′ 258.8 264.83 -6.0

Lafayette County

16S23W12CAD1 33°21′43′′ 93°26′09′′ 77.88 61.49 16.4

16S24W26AAC1 33°19′50′′ 93°33′03′′ 57.61 56.72 0.9

17S23W19ACC1 33°15′20′′ 93°31′28′′ 53.95 53.27 0.7

17S24W23BBD1 33°15′26′′ 93°34′03′′ 35.42 33.61 1.8

18S23W29ACC1 33°09′11′′ 93°30′39′′ 13.26 17.49 -4.2

19S23W29BDB1 33°03′52′′ 93°31′03′′ 43.16 39.96 3.2

20S23W05ADB1 33°02′23′′ 93°30′36′′ 40.96 37.56 3.4

Lee County

01N04E09CDD1 34°4210′′ 90°41′19′′ 62.21 66.61 -4.4

Lincoln County

07S07W30CDC1 34°04′44′′ 91°50′43′′ 190.05 172.32 17.7

08S08W35DBB1 33°58′58′′ 91°52′22′′ 228.88 217.66 11.2

09S07W07DAD1 33°56′34′′ 91°51′28′′ 279.86 274.74 5.1

Lonoke County

01N07W03BCC1 34°44′25′′ 91°45′03′′ 131.22 136.2 -5.0

01S08W02DBD1 34°38′55′′ 91°49′60′′ 98.31 108.41 -10.1

02N07W06ACD1 34°49′39′′ 91°47′37′′ 125.85 124.51 1.3

02N07W09AAA1 34°49′06′′ 91°45′00′′ 101.45 102.77 -1.3

02N07W22DBA1 34°46′51′′ 91°44′26′′ 131.71 135.45 -3.7

02N07W24DAC1 34°46′50′′ 91°42′09′′ 149.65 150.94 -1.3

02S07W08DCC1 34°32′35′′ 91°47′00′′ 143.4 141.71 1.7

03N07W03CAA1 34°54′45′′ 91°44′26′′ 79.98 81.7 -1.7

03N08W11ACD1 34°54′03′′ 91°49′35′′ 93.65 96.43 -2.8
Appendix 2 39

Appendix 2. Difference in water level from 2007 to 2011 in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued

[Horizontal datum is the North American Datum of 1983; negative values denote a decline; 2007 depth-to-water level from Schrader (2009)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

2007 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

2011 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

Difference in water level 

from 2007 to 2011 

(feet)

Lonoke County—Continued

03N08W22DAD1 34°52′05′′ 91°50′24′′ 97.42 98.99 -1.6

03N08W22DAD2 34°52′05′′ 91°50′24′′ 99.53 99.66 -0.1

03N08W22DDD2 34°51′52′′ 91°50′25′′ 101.98 98.14 3.8

Miller County

17S25W18CDB1 33°16′05′′ 93°44′02′′ 7.04 12.2 -5.2

19S27W10BBA1 33°07′19′′ 93°53′44′′ 1.48 17.17 -15.7

Monroe County

01N03W14CCB1 34°41′44′′ 91°18′01′′ 75.96 74.3 1.7

03N02W26DAB1 34°50′42′′ 91°10′26′′ 49.02 49.54 -0.5

04N02W28DDD4 34°55′35′′ 91°12′21′′ 32.68 32.73 -0.0

04N02W30BAC1 34°56′17′′ 91°15′04′′ 11.8 15.58 -3.8

04N02W30BAD1 34°56′17′′ 91°15′15′′ 15.07 20.98 -5.9

Ouachita County

11S15W27ABD1 33°44′41′′ 92°37′26′′ 69.34 69.72 -0.4

11S17W14CAC1 33°46′31′′ 92°49′27′′ 22.32 19.9 2.4

11S17W36CCA1 33°43′41′′ 92°48′34′′ 9.43 7.94 1.5

12S15W09BBA1 33°42′23′′ 92°39′22′′ 52.9 47.83 5.1

12S16W25BDC1 33°39′29′′ 92°42′11′′ 32.42 35.25 -2.8

12S16W26ABD1 33°39′46′′ 92°43′04′′ 34.63 32.23 2.4

12S18W19CDC1 33°40′14′′ 92°59′51′′ 30.63 32.87 -2.2

12S18W25CAB1 33°39′37′′ 92°54′42′′ 78.56 78.51 0.0

12S19W35BDD1 33°39′01′′ 93°01′46′′ 160.25 156.69 3.6

13S16W28ADD1 33°34′16′′ 92°44′51′′ 33.28 27.4 5.9

13S18W31BDD1 33°33′43′′ 92°59′56′′ 71.18 31.77 39.4

13S19W28BCD1 33°34′34′′ 93°04′18′′ 38.21 37.55 0.7

14S17W05CAD1 33°32′38′′ 92°52′55′′ 37.54 38.2 -0.7

14S17W32CAD1 33°28′03′′ 92°52′51′′ 79.06 79.04 0.0

14S19W29ABB1 33°29′41′′ 93°05′13′′ 88.16 88.38 -0.2

15S15W32DBB2 33°22′34′′ 92°40′27′′ 169.42 159.17 10.3

15S16W23DAC1 33°24′17′′ 92°43′14′′ 126.15 126.21 -0.1

15S18W36ADD1 33°23′11′′ 92°54′36′′ 94.4 91.14 3.3

15S19W10DCC1 33°26′18′′ 93°03′18′′ 69.86 69.83 0.0

15S19W21CDD2 33°24′38′′ 93°04′32′′ 198.82 188.1 10.7

Phillips County

01S02E32DDC1 34°33′24′′ 90°54′55′′ 84.17 77.81 6.4

02S02E01ADC1 34°33′23′′ 90°50′56′′ 35.17 32.82 2.4

02S04E02DAA1 34°32′43′′ 90°38′44′′ 132.52 89.76 42.8

02S04E02DBA1 34°32′43′′ 90°39′07′′ 129.19 91.83 37.4

02S05E29CCC1 34°28′51′′ 90°36′35′′ 23.56 15.06 8.5

03S03E30DAA1 34°24′03′′ 90°49′15′′ 35.05 37.28 -2.2

04S02E25CCC1 34°18′24′′ 90°51′21′′ 37.67 29.23 8.4
40 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Appendix 2. Difference in water level from 2007 to 2011 in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued

[Horizontal datum is the North American Datum of 1983; negative values denote a decline; 2007 depth-to-water level from Schrader (2009)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

2007 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

2011 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

Difference in water level 

from 2007 to 2011 

(feet)

Poinsett County

10N01E12BDC1 35°30′26′′ 90°56′30′′ 100.38 104.4 -4.0

10N01E15DBB1 35°29′31′′ 90°58′25′′ 99.23 96.14 3.1

10N01E33ABA1 35°27′25′′ 90°59′24′′ 79.5 82.62 -3.1

10N03E02BCD1 35°31′39′′ 90°44′47′′ 111.68 113.82 -2.1

10N03E23CAC1 35°28′50′′ 90°44′32′′ 113.12 115.27 -2.1

11N02E16CCC1 35°34′48′′ 90°53′21′′ 108.69 113.65 -5.0

11N03E25BDD 35°33′28′′ 90°43′23′′ 126.96 127.6 -0.6

11N03E25BDD1 35°33′25′′ 90°43′23′′ 121.45 124.03 -2.6

12N03E35BCC1 35°37′45′′ 90°44′56′′ 100.53 102.98 -2.5

12N03E35DDA1 35°37′27′′ 90°43′53′′ 102.95 106.42 -3.5

Prairie County

01N05W19CDC1 34°41′13′′ 91°35′05′′ 145.15 146.47 -1.3

01N06W34CBB1 34°39′43′′ 91°38′46′′ 169.7 162.87 6.8

01S05W06BCB1 34°39′04′′ 91°35′32′′ 177.2 157.39 19.8

01S05W20ABB1 34°36′40′′ 91°33′52′′ 154.65 158.62 -4.0

01S06W11DBD1 34°37′49′′ 91°36′54′′ 177.82 177.72 0.1

02N04W19ACB1 34°46′49′′ 91°28′02′′ 66.13 60.82 5.3

02N06W04DBB1 34°49′28′′ 91°38′52′′ 106.45 106.05 0.4

02N06W19AAB1 34°47′18′′ 91°40′50′′ 150.58 152.69 -2.1

02N06W20BCB1 34°47′07′′ 91°40′33′′ 147.18 149.24 -2.1

02N06W21DAD1 34°46′44′′ 91°38′29′′ 132.92 128.86 4.1

02N06W22BDD1 34°46′54′′ 91°38′01′′ 127.9 130.44 -2.5

03N05W03ADA2 34°54′52′′ 91°30′43′′ 59.9 61.08 -1.2

03N05W20CCC1 34°51′45′′ 91°33′56′′ 71.89 71.28 0.6

03N06W20CDD1 34°51′40′′ 91°40′04′′ 85.88 85.7 0.2

St. Francis County

04N04E18BAB1 34°57′43′′ 90°43′19′′ 65.29 65.52 -0.2

Union County

16S14W15CAB1 33°19′44′′ 92°32′18′′ 149.7 133.56 16.1

16S16W02ABC1 33°22′06′′ 92°43′29′′ 162.53 158.27 4.3

17S12W31DDD1 33°12′06′′ 92°22′26′′ 228.07 209.24 18.8

17S12W32BBC1 33°12′02′′ 92°22′19′′ 241.54 247.39 -5.8

17S13W31BAC1 33°12′00′′ 92°29′16′′ 309.04 278.07 31.0

17S14W22BAB1 33°13′54′′ 92°32′24′′ 297.61 276.92 20.7

17S15W08CDD1 33°15′05′′ 92°40′27′′ 289.65 270.36 19.3

17S15W18DBB1 33°14′39′′ 92°41′29′′ 301.33 286.84 14.5

17S16W01BAA1 33°16′49′′ 92°42′33′′ 271.73 262.65 9.1

17S16W24BDB1 33°13′57′′ 92°42′48′′ 343.85 324.99 18.9

17S17W25DBA2 33°12′56′′ 92°48′37′′ 336.42 320.58 15.8

17S17W30DCD1 33°12′57′′ 92°53′56′′ 323.53 303.86 19.7

18S11W09ABC1 33°10′12′′ 92°14′43′′ 94.64 102.46 -7.8

18S12W33BBB1 33°06′50′′ 92°21′20′′ 139.56 138.4 1.2

18S15W03DAB1 33°11′04′′ 92°38′02′′ 346.05 328.1 17.9
Appendix 2 41

Appendix 2. Difference in water level from 2007 to 2011 in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas.—Continued

[Horizontal datum is the North American Datum of 1983; negative values denote a decline; 2007 depth-to-water level from Schrader (2009)]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

2007 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

2011 depth to water 

(feet below landsurface datum)

Difference in water level 

from 2007 to 2011 

(feet)

Union County—Continued

18S15W33ADA1 33°06′59′′ 92°38′58′′ 359.87 332.36 27.5

18S15W35DAC1 33°06′36′′ 92°37′07′′ 283.78 261.91 21.9

18S16W10CDD1 33°10′00′′ 92°44′45′′ 314.68 272.75 41.9

18S16W11DAC1 33°10′11′′ 92°43′16′′ 412.75 367.36 45.4

18S16W12ACB1 33°10′29′′ 92°42′32′′ 433.04 399.92 33.1

19S10W16CBC1 33°03′29′′ 92°09′04′′ 88.33 86.55 1.8

19S11W23ACA1 33°02′55′′ 92°12′29′′ 152.44 151.17 1.3

19S11W25AAA1 33°02′18′′ 92°11′13′′ 151.2 145.49 5.7

19S12W13AAA1 33°04′11′′ 92°17′17′′ 142.37 159.66 -17.3

19S18W14ADA1 33°04′52′′ 92°56′08′′ 192.57 190.81 1.8

Woodruff County

05N01W11ABA1 35°04′26′′ 91°04′07′′ 60 61.17 -1.2

05N01W17DBB1 35°03′11′′ 91°07′27′′ 47.36 46.74 0.6

05N02W31DCB3 35°00′27′′ 91°14′56′′ 16.24 13.09 3.1

06N01W13ABA1 35°08′52′′ 91°02′54′′ 68.46 73.51 -5.1

06N01W13ADC1 35°08′27′′ 91°02′47′′ 68.38 70.11 -1.7

07N01W12BCB1 35°14′42′′ 91°03′26′′ 67.94 68.43 -0.5

08N01W12CDA1 35°19′34′′ 91°03′11′′ 74.86 77.89 -3.0

08N02W26ADC1 35°17′26′′ 91°10′04′′ 33.83 27.06 6.8
42 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Appendix 3

Appendix 3. Specific conductance, temperature, and pH data from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas, 

2011.—Continued

[Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83); μS/cm, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Date 

Specific 

conductance 

(μS/cm)

Temperature 

(degrees Celsius)

pH 

(standard units)

Arkansas County

07S03W06ABC1 34°07′02′′ 91°22′48′′ 06/23/2011 195 24.5 8.3

04S01W04CBD1 34°22′25′′ 91°08′08′′ 06/24/2011 868 25.4 7.8

02S04W06CDB1 34°33′12′′ 91°28′49′′ 06/27/2011 464 24.0 7.2

Ashley County

15S07W32DCC1 33°21′08′′ 91°50′44′′ 06/23/2011 834 26.1 8.6

Bradley County

13S09W06ABD3 35°36′52′′ 92°04′13′′ 06/23/2011 403 26.4 8.3

Calhoun County

14S13W12CCB1 33°30′40′′ 92°24′04′′ 07/05/2011 437 24.5 8.5

14S13W03CAB1 33°31′45′′ 92°25′51′′ 06/22/2011 445 22.7 8.8

11S14W12CAC3 33°46′30′′ 92°29′28′′ 06/22/2011 185 21.9 6.5

Clark County

09S20W31CAD1 33°54′35′′ 93°11′11′′ 06/30/2011 486 22.2 7.8

Clay County

20N08E14BAB2 36°22′27′′ 90°11′20′′ 06/29/2011 712 25.4 8.2

Cleveland County

11S11W16AAB1 33°45′43′′ 92°14′23′′ 06/23/2011 350 25.2 8.3

09S09W04BBD1 33°58′20′′ 92°02′37′′ 06/22/2011 179 25.8 7.1

Columbia County

19S20W09CBD1 33°05′55′′ 93°11′29′′ 07/05/2011 227 23.5 8.6

17S20W17CDA1 33°15′20′′ 93°12′01′′ 07/05/2011 382 23.2 8.6

16S20W18ACD1 33°20′53′′ 93°12′37′′ 06/30/2011 366 22.8 8.4

15S20W20CCB1 33°24′53′′ 93°12′15′′ 06/30/2011 630 26.1 7.6

Craighead County

14N04E28DBD1 35°48′37′′ 90°39′53′′ 06/29/2011 180 19.6 6.4

Crittenden County

06N09E23AAB1 35°07′45′′ 90°05′53′′ 06/29/2011 263 19.7 6.6

Cross County

07N05E04ADD1 35°15′38′′ 90°33′30′′ 06/28/2011 207 20.8 7.1

09N04E30DCA1 35°22′32′′ 90°42′18′′ 06/28/2011 474 21.9 7.3

09N01E16CAC1 35°24′05′′ 90°59′51′′ 06/28/2011 492 18.5 7.4

Dallas County

10S13W34ACA2 33°48′29′′ 92°24′58′′ 06/22/2011 254 23.9 7.2

07S14W31AAA1 34°04′25′′ 92°33′34′′ 06/22/2011 133 22.1 6.5

Desha County

12S03W34DAD1 33°36′43′′ 91°23′05′′ 06/23/2011 365 25.6 8.5

09S02W26AAC1 33°53′46′′ 91°15′21′′ 06/23/2011 244 22.2 8.7

Appendix 3. Specific conductance, temperature, and pH data from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas, 

2011.

[Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83); μS/cm, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius]
Appendix 3 43

Appendix 3. Specific conductance, temperature, and pH data from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas, 

2011.—Continued

[Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83); μS/cm, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Date 

Specific 

conductance 

(μS/cm)

Temperature 

(degrees Celsius)

pH 

(standard units)

Drew County

13S05W36ACB1 33°31′51′′ 91°34′08′′ 06/23/2011 335 24.6 8.6

11S05W21CDC1 33°43′52′′ 91°37′24′′ 06/23/2011 288 21.9 8.8

Grant County

06S15W26ACA1 34°10′22′′ 92°35′38′′ 06/22/2011 55 19.8 5.4

05S14W06DCC1 34°18′43′′ 92°33′27′′ 06/27/2011 96 20.9 6.1

Jefferson County

06S10W23DBA1 34°11′05′′ 92°05′06′′ 06/27/2011 154 24.0 7.4

04S08W35BCC1 34°19′08′′ 91°50′55′′ 06/27/2011 144 25.6 7.0

04S07W17BCC1 34°21′40′′ 91°47′42′′ 06/27/2011 140 25.9 7.1

04S11W14BAD1 34°22′20′′ 92°10′00′′ 06/27/2011 82 23.9 6.2

Lafayette County

20S23W05ADB1 33°02′23′′ 93°30′36′′ 06/20/2011 273 21.1 7.5

Lincoln County

09S07W07DAD1 33°56′34′′ 91°51′28′′ 06/23/2011 196 26.6 7.6

08S05W35ACC1 33°59′07′′ 91°33′37′′ 06/23/2011 232 22.0 8.3

07S06W33BAA1 34°04′45′′ 91°41′40′′ 06/23/2011 194 24.9 8.3

Lonoke County

02N07W32DDD1 34°44′53′′ 91°46′19′′ 06/27/2011 450 20.5 7.1

02N07W09AAA1 34°49′06′′ 91°45′00′′ 06/27/2011 354 21.6 7.1

Mississippi County

11N09E33AAB1 35°32′14′′ 90°07′39′′ 06/29/2011 208 25.8 7.9

Monroe County

01N03W14CCB1 34°41′44′′ 91°18′01′′ 06/27/2011 917 21.8 7.3

04N02W30BAC1 34°56′17′′ 91°15′04′′ 06/28/2011 1,380 18.2 7.7

Nevada County

14S21W20AAB1 33°30′50′′ 93°17′23′′ 06/23/2011 338 26.7 8.2

14S21W04CCB1 33°32′51′′ 93°17′08′′ 06/30/2011 144 20.8 6.6

Ouachita County

15S19W10DCC1 33°26′18′′ 93°03′18′′ 06/20/2011 186 22.0 6.6

12S16W26BAA1 33°39′48′′ 92°43′04′′ 07/05/2011 223 19.9 6.9

12S19W14AAA1 33°41′43′′ 93°01′05′′ 06/30/2011 35 18.0 5.4

Phillips County

04S02E25CCC1 34°18′24′′ 90°51′21′′ 06/24/2011 1,190 22.9 8.3

Poinsett County

10N01E15DBB1 35°29′31′′ 90°58′25′′ 06/28/2011 499 18.6 7.4

Prairie County

02N06W20BCB1 34°47′07′′ 91°40′33′′ 06/27/2011 342 21.6 6.9
44 Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas

Appendix 3. Specific conductance, temperature, and pH data from wells completed in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas, 

2011.—Continued

[Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83); μS/cm, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius]

Station name

Latitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Longitude 

(degrees, 

minutes, 

seconds)

Date 

Specific 

conductance 

(μS/cm)

Temperature 

(degrees Celsius)

pH 

(standard units)

Union County

19S16W35DDC1 33°01′09′′ 92°43′26′′ 07/05/2011 546 24.6 8.7

19S11W25AAA1 33°02′18′′ 92°11′13′′ 07/05/2011 1,060 23.1 8.8

19S15W01CCA1 33°05′35′′ 92°36′45′′ 06/22/2011 315 26.6 8.0

18S14W06CCD1 33°10′39′′ 92°35′31′′ 06/21/2011 722 24.1 8.6

17S13W31BAD1 33°12′04′′ 92°29′07′′ 07/05/2011 723 26.2 8.8

17S17W30DCD1 33°12′57′′ 92°53′56′′ 07/05/2011 317 26.2 8.4

17S16W24BDB1 33°13′57′′ 92°42′48′′ 07/05/2011 413 23.2 8.6

16S18W34ABC2 33°18′06′′ 92°57′09′′ 06/21/2011 324 21.4 8.2

16S15W20DAA1 33°18′60′′ 92°39′58′′ 06/21/2011 498 24.6 8.0

16S16W01DDD1 33°21′14′′ 92°42′11′′ 06/21/2011 450 21.9 8.7

Woodruff County

05N02W31DCB3 35°00′27′′ 91°14′56′′ 06/28/2011 230 18.0 7.4

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Schrader—Water Levels and Water Quality in the Sparta-Memphis Aquifer (Middle Claiborne Aquifer) in Arkansas—SIR 2014–5044

ISSN 2328-031X (print)

ISSN 2328-0328 (online)

http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20145044

I SBN 978- 1- 4113-3778- 7

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