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# OAR Box 1778 Prepped by Ollie Stewart



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# 2DII-A- 5 Docket Number: 

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# Electri c Utilit yStea m Generatin g Unit s Backgroun d Informatio n fo rPropose d Particulat e Matte rEmissio n Standard s

Emissio n Standard s an d Engineerin g Divisio n

U.S . ENVIRONMENTA L PROTECTIO N AGENC Y Offic e o fAir , Noise , an d Radiatio n Offic e o fAi rQualit yPlannin g an d Standard s Researc h Triangl e Park , Nort h Carolin a 2771 1

Jul y197 8P. 3

5 . MODIFICATIO N

AN DRECONSTRUCTIO N 5. 1 GENERA t Th e term s modificatio nan dreconstructio nhav e specia l meaning s whe nuse di nne w

sourc e performanc e standards . Thes e term s ar e clarifie d i nSubpar t A , Par t 60 , Subchapte r C , Chapte r 1 , Titl e 40 , Cod e o f Federa l Regulations . I ngenera l terms , a modificatio ni s a selecte d typ e o f chang e whic hincrease s th e emissio no f selecte dpollutant s t o t h e atmosphere . Whe nth e alteration s ar e limited , ne w sourc e perform anc e standard s onl y

requir e tha t increase s i nth e emissio no f selecte d pollutant s b e prevented . I ngenera l terms , reconstructio ni s a chang e whic hi s s o substantia l a s t o clas s th e sourc e a s a ne w sourc e rathe r tha na naltere dexistin gsource . I nthi s case , th e sourc e become s subjec t t o al l th e limit s o f th e ne w sourc e performanc e standard . 5. 2 MODIFICATIO N 5.2. 1 Scop e an dEffec t o f Hodifcatio nRegulation s

. Th e ter m

modificatio nha s specia l meanin gwhe nuse dwit hne w sourc e performanc e standards . Accordin gt o regulations , a modificatio n mean s an y

chang e i nth e metho do f operatio no f a nexistin gfacilit y whic hincrease s th e amoun t o f an y ai r pollutan t (t o whic ha standar d aoolies ) emitte dint o th e atmospher e b y tha t facilit y

o r whic hresult s

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i n th e emissio n o f anyai r pollutan t (t o whic ha standar d applies ) int o th e atmospher e no t previousl yemitted . Th e ter mmodificatio n i s furthe r limite d b

yexemptin g selecte d type s o f change s fro mth e applicabilit yo f ne wsourc e performanc e standards . Normally , al l tha t i s reauire d whe n a n existin g sourc e become s subjec t t o modificatio n regulation s i s tha t emission s o f a SDecifi c pollutan t afte r alteratio n b e n o mor e tha n the ywer e befor e alteration . Usually , th e sourc e doe s no t hav e t o b e equippe d t o compl ywit hth e numerica l limit s o f th e standard . Modificatio n regulation s appl yt o th e pollutant s o f th e ne wsourc e standard , and appl yo n pollutant-by

pollutan t basis . I n rar e cases , emissio n o f on e o r mor e pollutant s ma yb e les s tha n th e limi t o f a ne wsourc e performance standar d prio r t o th e alteration . I n thi s situation , a n emissio n increas e i s allowed , up t o th e limi t o f th e applicabl e ne wsourc e performance standard . Fo r examole , a sourc e subjec t t o modificatio n regulation s becaus e o f a switc hfro mga s t o coa l woul d no t hav e t o b e equippe d t o preven t particulat e and S0 2 emissio n increases . Fo r thi s situation , emissio n increase s woul d b e allowe d up t o th e level s o f th e particulate and S 0 2 standard s fo r coal . Addin g a n affecte d facilit yt o a plan t o r replacin g a n existin g facilit ywithi n a plan t woul d no t caus e othe r unchange d existin g facilitie s withi nth e plan t t o becom e subjec t t o th e n o emissio n increas e rule . Whe na Dlan t ha s severa l existin g facilities , th e n o emissio n increas e rul e doe s no t appl yt o a n altere d existin g facilit y i f ne t plan t emission s ar e no t increased . Fo r example , i f emission s o f pollutan t Aar e increase d bya chang e t o facilit y1 i n a plant , .
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### th e emissio n increas e i s allowe d i f emissio n o f pollutan t Afro m facilit y2 i s decrease d b ya n amoun t eaua l t o o r exceedin qth e amoun t o f increas e fromfacilit y1 . Emissio n increase s ar e allowe d i f suc hincrease s are cause d b

y. routin e maintenance , repair , and replacement . Emissio n increase s ar e als o allowe d i f cause d b yincrease s i n productio n rat e whic hca n b e accomplishe d withou t majo r capita l expenditure . Increase s i n j S emission s cause d bylonae r operatin g hour s ar e als o exempte d fro mth e rul e o n n o emissio n increase . Anothe r exemptio n i s fo r th e us e o f a n alternativ e fue l o r ra wmateria l if—prio r t o th e dat e anystandar d become s applicable—th e existin g facilit ywa s desiqne d t o accommodat e tha t alternativ e use . reversio n t o coal , require d fo r energ ycon sideration s a s stipulate d i n Sectio n 111(a)(8 ) o f the Clea nAi r Ac t a s amende din1977 , i s no t considere da modification . Emissio n increase s cause db

y the additio no r us e o f an y system whos e primar y functio ni s the reductio no f ai r pollutants , ar e als o exemp t fro m th e n o emissio n increas e rule . 5.2. 2 Modifie dCoal-Fire dStea m Generator s Fo r th e ouroose s o f determinin g i f modificatio no r reconstructio n reflation s appl y

o r shoul daPDly , the coal-fire dsteam generato r syste m i s define da s includin g th e followinqmajo r components : a ) Fue l burner s (includin g coa l pulverizer , crusher , stoke r system ) b ) Combustio nai r system c ) Steam generatio nsystem

(firebox , tubes , etc. ) d ) Draf t system

(excluding stack )

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Th e majo r point s whic hdefin e the inlet s t o th e affecte dfacilit y are : 1 . Th e inle t t o the Dump s whic hfeedwate r a t steam qenerato r pressure . 2 . Th e inle t t o the bin s whic hdirectl y fee dthe pulverize r o r stoke r system s unles s th e bin s ar e size dt o stor e mor e tha n enoughcoa l to operat e th e steam generato r 7 2 hour s a t ful l load . Whe nlarg e bin s ar e installed , th e inle t t o th e affecte d facilit y i s th e outle t o f th e bin s feedin g th e pulverize r o r stoke r systems . 3 . Th e combustio nai r intakes . . Th e majo r point s whic hdefin e th e outlet s o f th e affecte dfacilit y are : 1 . -.An

y stea m outle t 2 . Any bottom as houtle t 3 . Th e outle t o f th e las t system installe dbefor e th e stack , suc ha s th e outle t o f an y induce ddraf t fan . Al l component s o f th e stea m generato r installe dbetwee nthes e point s ar e par t o f th e affecte dfacilit y excep t an

y ai r pollutio ncontro l systems , suc ha s electrostati c precipitators , mechanica l collectors , baghouses , o r scrubbers . Replacemen t o f th e pulverize r system o f a nexistin g coal-fire d uni t wit ha simila r system o r replacemen t o f componen t part s o f th e pulverize r system

wit hsimila r pare s woul dno t b e considere da modi fication . However , replacemen t o r redesig no f th e pulverize r system , whic hwoul dsubstantiall y chang e th e physica l characteristic s



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### o f th e pulverize dcoa l an do f the particulat e emissions , ma y b e a chang e wher e modificatio nregulation s aoply . Likewise , change s inthe desiqn ' o f th e combustio nai r system o f an existinquni t tha t chang e the way combustio nai r i s introduce dt o the combustio nchambe r woul dcaus e a sourc e t o be evaluate dt o determin e i f modificatio nregulation s shoul dapply . Changin gth e combustio nai r dampe r setting s i s no t a modificatio na s longa s no redesig no f th e combustio nai r system i s involved . Th e stea m generatio nsyste

m include s th e feedwate r pumps , combustio n chamber , watertubes , economizer , an dsuperhea t an

drehea t sections . Maintenanc e o f thes e component s i s no t a modification . Majo r redesig no f thes e part s woul dcaus e a sourc e t o b e evaluate dt o determin e i f modi affec t particulat e emissions . Redesig no f th e draf t system , suc ha s changin gfro m induce ddraft condition s t o pressurize dfiring , woul dcaus e anexistin a coal-fire dsourc e t o be evaluate dt o determin e i f modificatio nregulation s shoul dapply . Althoug ha chanq e t o a differen t coa l migh t b e considere da modifi cation , thes e change s ar e exempte dfro m modificatio nevaluatio nb y curren t regulations . ..£&&• 

### 5.2. 3 Modified • .Wrftr°fias.-FiredSteam Generator s The discussio no f Sectio n5.2. 3 i s limite dt o modification s whic h woul dcaus e a sourc e t o become subjec t t o particulat e new sourc e performanc e standar dmodificatio nregulation s fo r larg e coal-fire dsteam generators . ! 

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# i J ficatio nregulation s shoul dapply . I t i s doubtfu l tha t redesig no f th e '[{j. . feedwate r system , the economizer , o r th e superhea t o r rehea t section s woul d 

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Alteration s whic hmigh t caus e a n existin g oi l o r gas-fire d steam generato r t o becom e subjec t t o particulat e modificatio n regulation s fo r coal-fire d steam

generator s ar e alteration s involvin g a switc hfro mga s o r oi l t o coal . Curren t regulation s provid e tha t i f th e oi l o r gas-fire d sourc e i s alreadydesigne d t o fir e coal , a switc ht o coa l doe s no t caus e th e sourc e t o becom e subjec t t o coal-fire d stea mgenerato r particulat e modificatio n regulations . I n addition , Sectio n 111(a)(8 ) o f th e Clea n Ai r Ac t a s amende d i n 1977 , exempt s fro mth e modificatio n provision s o f th e Ac t certai n source s switchin g fro moi l o r ga s t o coal . Th e latte r categor y o f source s i s describe d i n genera l term s a s source s require d t o switc ht o coa l unde r Sectio n 2(a ) o f th e EnergySuppl yand Environmenta l Coordinatio n Ac t o f 1974 . (Th e reade r i s cautione d t o see k competen t lega l advice , suc h a s fro mth e Offic e o f Enforcemen t and Genera l Counsel , U . S . Environmenta l Protectio n Agency , Washington , D.C , befor e assumin g tha t a sourc e switchin g fro moi l 'o

r ga s t o coa l i s exempte d fro mth e modificatio n provision s o f th e Clea n Ai r Act) . Source s switchin g fro moi l o r ga s t o coa l whic har e no t otherwis e excepte d b

yU . S . Environmenta l Protectio n Agenc yregulation s o r b yla w woul d b e subjec t t o particulat e ne wsourc e performanc e standar d modificatio n regulations . Becaus e oi l an d gas-fire d stea mgenerator s characteristicall y emi t les s particulate s tha n coal-fire d stea mgenerators , a switc hfro moi l o r ga s t o coa t woul dnormall yincreas e particulat e emissio n concentrations . Subpar t A , Par t 60 , Subchapte r C , Chapte r 1 , Titl e 40 , Cod e o f Federa l Regulation s describe s th e procedur e fo r determinin g i f a particulat e emissio n increas e ha s occurred . Th e cos t o f modifyin g a n oi l o r gas-fire d stea mgenerato r t o fir e .
5- 6coa l ma yb e s o substantia l a s t o clas s th e sourc e a s a reconstructe d sourc e

(se e Sectio n 5.3) . Rulinq s o n whethe r alternation s o f fossi l fue l fire d stea mgenerator s constitut e a modificatio n ca n b e obtaine d b ycontactin g a H . S . Environ

menta l Protectio n Agenc yP.eqiona l Offic e o f Enforcement . 5. 3 RECONSTRUCTIO N Th e ter mreconstructio n ha s specia l meanin g whe n use d i n ne wsourc e performanc e standards . Th e purpos e o f reconstructio n regulation s i s t o preven t th e perpetuatio n o f existin g sources . Whe n modification s o r replacement s becom e s o extensiv e a s t o creat e a n essentiall yne wsource , th e sourc e become s a reconstructe d sourc e an d i s subjec t t o th e ne wsourc e performanc e standard s whic happl ya t th e tim e o f initiatio n o f recon struction . Accordin qt o th e provisio n o f Subpar t A , Par t 60 , Subchapte r C , Chapte r 1 , Titl e 40 , Cod e o f Federa l Regulations , a facilit ybecome s a reconstructe d sourc e irrespectiv e o f anychang e i n emissio n rat e whe n a ) th e fixe d capita l cos t o f th e ne wcomponent s exceed s 5 0 percen t o f th e fixe d capita l cos t tha t woul d b e require d t o construc t a comparabl e entirel yne wfacilit yand , b ) i t i s technologicall yan d economicall yfeasibl e t o mee t applicabl e standards . Ruling s o n whttne r change s t o a fossi l fueNfire d stea mgenerato r r constitut e reconstructio n ca n b e obtaine d b ycontactin g a U . S . Environ

menta l Protectio n Agenc yRegiona l Offic e o f Enforcement . P. 9 

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