# J01o fP- FD- LV s. FISH AND WILDUFE 

# RECEIVED

RETWiN TO THe OFFIce or: 

# ENGlNEUHNG

lUJG 1 9 1998

ENGINEERING" REGION 5 

# HADLEY. MA 

# . --.'

_." 

# - .

... .""""



# EFFICIENCY OF THE LOUVER 

# SYSTE~

TO FACILITATE 

# PASSAGE 

# OFEMIGRAT~

ATLANTIC SALMON SMOLTS

AT VERNON HYDROELECTRIC STATION,



# SPRING, 1995

Prepared for:

New England Power Company

25 Research Drive 

# Westborough 

# , MA 01582



# Prepared by:



# Normandeau Associates, Inc.



# Vermont Office



# 224 Old Ferry Road



# Brattleboro, VT 05301

Normandeau Project No. 15030. 

# 002



# May 1996



# NORMANDEAU ASSOCIATES

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS

# EFFICIENCY OF THE LOUVER SYSTEM

TO FACILITATE PASSAGE OF EMIGRATING ATLANTIC SALMON

SMOLTS AT VERNON HYDROELECTRIC STATION,



# SPRING, 1995



# Prepared for:

New England Power Company



# 25 Research Drive



# Westborough, MA 01582



# Prepared by:



# Normandeau Associates, Inc.

Vermont Office



# 224 Old Ferry Road



# Brattleboro, VT 05301



# May 1996

# TABLE OF CONTENTS



# Page

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

# ......................................... ES1.0 

# IN1RODUCTION .................. 

# ;...........



# ..................

SITEDESCRIP'TION ..............................................



# METHODS AND MATERIALS .......................................

3.4

3.5 

# StudyDesign.., 

# ...........................................

Telemetry Dataloggers and Transmitters. 

# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

MonitorInstallations 

# ..........................................

SmoltProcurementandTagging.................................. 

# DataCollectionandAnalysis....................................

RESULTS ....................................................

DISCUSSION .................................................

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 

# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; . . . . . . . . . . . ..

LITERATURE CITED 

# ............................................

APPENDIX TABLES ................................. 

# ~...........

# Table 1.



# Table 2.

Table 3.

Table 4.

Table 5.

Table 6.

Table 7.

Table 8. 

# LIST OF TABLES



# Page

Data summary for all Atlantic salmon smolts released and/or monitored at

Vernon Station , spring, 1995. ...............................



# Comparison of passage route utilization by radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts

grouped by residency times.. ................................



# Comparison of residency and passage of radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# grouped by Vernon Station discharge upon arrival. 

# .......

. . . . . . . . . . .



# Comparison of residency and passage of east and mid- 

# river approaching radio

tagged Atlantic salmon smolts grouped by Vernon Station discharge upon

arrival. .................................... ~........ 27



# Comparison of residency and passage of radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts

grouped by Vernon Station discharge upon passage.. . . . 

# . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Listing of radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts that were recaptured at Cabot



# Station or detected in the Holyoke Project tailwaters after passage at

Vernon Station 

# , spring, 1995. 

# ...............................

Comparison of Atlantic salmon smolt approach and passage at Vernon Station

over five study years... ...................................



# Summary of approach and residency time for all Atlantic salmon smolts which

passed Vernon Station 

# , spring, 1995 , grouped by passage route. 

# .........

# Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Figure 5.



# Figure 6.

Figure 7. 

# LIST OF FIGURES



# Page

Map of the Connecticut River showing the location of Vernon Project. 

# ..... 32



# Map of Vernon Project.. ..................................



# Map of Vernon Project Monitoring Stations 1 

# , 2 , and 7 reception areas.. 

# .... 34



# Map of Vernon Project Monitoring Stations 3 6 and 8 reception areas.. . 35



# Water temperature at Veroon Station during the presence of radio tagged

Atlantic salmon smolts 

# , spring, 1995. 

# ..........................

Atlantic salmon smolt passage at Vernon Station by time of day, spring, 

# 1995... 37



# Vernon Station discharge during the presence of radio tagged Atlantic salmon

smolts, 

# 1995.. 

# .........................................

iii

# EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A study was conducted at Vernon Hydroelectric Station in the spring of 1995 to determine

the efficiency of the louver system to facilitate passage of emigrating Atlantic salmon smolts

(Salmo salar) 

# through the fishpipe bypass. In addition 

# , the effectiveness of the west fishtube

bypass to pass smolts which migrate beyond the louver array into the western forebay was

assessed. The movement and behavior of 185 radio tagged smolts were monitored at the Station;



# 134 were released 4. 

# 1 miles upstream of Vernon and 51 had arrived

after passage at Bellows FaIls Station 

# , 32 miles upstream.

Approach by radio tagged smolts to the Station was predominately from the east shoreline



# (45.4%) and mid river (40. 

# 5%). Fish released at Broad Brook arrived in an average 9 hr 57 min;

smolts which passed Bellows FaIls Station arrived in an average 2 days 14 hr 25 min. 

# Overall

residency times ranged from 10 min to 3 days 7 hr 5 min and averaged 12 hr. 

# A total of 118



# smolts resided from 1 min to 1 day 6 hr 35 min in the far western portion of the forebay near Unit

10 intake. Mean residency 

# time in this area was 2 hr 19 min.



# A total of 173 radio tagged smolts passed Vernon Station. Forty one (23. 7%) passed

through the fishpipe , 68 (39. 

# 3%) passed via west fishtube and 60 (34. 7%) passed through turbines.



# Passage routes for 4 (2. 3 %) radio tagged smolts were not determined. 

# Of all turbine passed



# smolts 

# , 18 passed by Units 1 - 4 

# , 1 passed Unit 9, and 41 passed via Unit 10.

The louver system excluded from the western forebay 42. 1 % of the 

# smolts which



# approached the dam from the east and mid- river. Fishpipe passage for these smolts 

# , however 

# , was

ES-

# not instantaneous. For those smolts never detected 

# in the west forebay, 16.4% did not pass the

Station 

# , 6. 0% passed by unknown routes 

# , 25.4% passed through Units 1 - 4 

# , and 52. 2% passed

via fishpipe. Those that passed 

# via the fishpipe resided in the east forebay area for an average 12

hr before passing. Failure for 

# smolts to quickly pass through the fishpipe was probably due to the

fishpipe entrance trashrack which clogged periodically during the study and severely altered



# attraction flows, even when not clogged. Unusually low river flows may have contributed to the

relatively poor louver efficiency.

Some 117 smolts migrated beyond the louver system into the western forebay area.



# these , 6 migrated back and exited via the fishpipe 

# , 1 migrated back and passed through one of



# Units 1 - 4 , 1 passed via Unit 9, 41 exited through Unit 10 , and 68 passed through the fishtube.



# Fishtube passage represented 61.8 

# % of all western forebay passage. Installation of the fishtube



# flow diverter may have facilitated passage. In 1994 

# , 53.4% of all smolts passing the Station from



# the west forebay did so through the fishtube without the flow diverter.

ES-

# INTRODUCl'ION

Passage of emigrating anadromous fishes at hydroelectric facilities along the Connecticut



# River has long been a concern of resource agencies and power utilities. On July 26 , 1990 

# , New



# England Power Company (NEP) and the Connecticut River Atlantic Salmon Commission

(CRASC), and its member agencies 

# , signed a Memorandum of Agreement to establish a schedule



# for the resolution of the downstream passage issue at selected dams. In continued cooperation



# with the Agreement 

# , NEP has engaged in extensive studies to investigate the utilization of all

available safe passage routes (tainter gates 

# , log/ice sluice, fishpipe , and west fishtube) by

anadromous fishes 

# , and engaged in innovative means to facilitate fish passage (sonic guidance).



# Emigrating radio tagged Atlantic salmop. smolts generally did not utilize 

# the downstream routes in

proportions desired to assure safe 

# , expeditious passage (RMC 1990 and 1992). Highly variable

water currents within the forebay along with strong intake flows in the area of Units 9 and 10



# tended to complicate the attraction of downstream passage facilities and draw smolts to the western

intake areas where they congregated for long periods of time. 

# Methods implemented (low

frequency ensonification) to alleviate these problems and to guide' 

# smolts to available passage

routes were largely unsuccessful (RMC and Sonalysts 1993).



# In response , NEP constructed two new structures in late 1993 and early 1994 to facilitate

downstream passage of anadromous fishes. 

# A louver system was installed within the forebay to



# guide migrating fish to the entrance of the fishpipe. In addition 

# , a fishtube was installed near the



# west corner of the powerhouse where Units 9 and 10 intake flows tended to attract fish.

# This report presents findings of a second- 

# year study to evaluate the louver system and west

fishtube at Vernon Station during the spring of 1995. 

# The study was conducted to determine the

efficiency of the louver system to guide emigrating smolts to the fishpipe and effectiveness of the

west fishtube to' alleviate turbine passage by smolts congregating 

# in the western forebay.

# SITE DESCRIPTION



# Vernon Dam is located on the Connecticut River at river kilometer 228. 3 (141.9 miles) in

the towns of Vernon 

# , VT and Hinsdale, NH (Figure 1). A concrete gravity type structure 

# , the

dam was constructed in 1909. The station is a run-of- thEHiver type with a nominal generating



# capacity of 27 megawatts (Mw). Ten Francis type generating turbines are housed in the

powerhouse; four of these (Units 1-4) are single runner with a maximum discharge of 1280 cubic



# feet per second (cfs) each , four (Units 5- 

# 8) are triple runner with discharge rates of 978 cis each

and two are larger Francis types with a maximum discharge of 1834 cfs each. 

# Two turbines,

Units 5 and 8, have been retired and were inoperable during the study. 

# Normal operating head at

the Station is 34 ft. 

# The turbine intake trashracks are 2 in on center for units 1 through 8 and 4 in

on center for ~ts 9 and 10. The dam 

# creates a pond with a surface area of 2550 acres at a



# normal pond elevation of 220 ft above mean sea level. Total length' of the dam is 956 it; the



# eastern 600 ft contains six tainter gates to discharge surplus water. 

# Also in this area are eight 7 ft

by 9 ft underwater sluice gates (flood gates) used to regulate smaller amounts of surplus water.

Each flood gate can pass approximately 2 000 cis 

# , depending on pond elevation. A log/ice boom

anchored to 5 concrete piers 

# , forms an inner forebay area and diverts floating debris and ice to a



# log/ice sluice at the eastern end of the powerhouse (Figure 2). A skimmer gate regulates flow

down the 13 ft wide 

# , 90 ft long concrete sluiceway. Flow varies from 43 cis to 2770 cis at gate



# openings of 1 ft to 16 it , respectively. The gate is normally set at 3.5 ft head under the pond level

(approximately 280 cfs) for fiSh passage. However 

# , it remained closed for the duration of this



# study in order to improve flows to the fishpipe bypass. The fishpipe, installed in 1991 , is surface



# fed and allows downstream passage of fish from the forebay to the tailrace. The fishpipe measures

approximately 82. 

# 5 ft in length, is 4 ft high throughout its length and measures 7. 

# 6 ft wide at it

# entrance , tapering to approximately 2. 

# 6 ft at the discharge end. At normal pond elevation 

# , the sill



# of the fishpipe is 10 ft below the water surface. Flow through the pipe is 350 cis.

A 156 ft long louver system , installed in the inner forebay in 1994 

# , extends from log boom

pier number 1 (third pier from the west shoreline) to the entrance of the fishpipe (Figure 2).

Eleven 12 ft wide by 10 ft high removable louver panels are housed in the system. 

# Each



# individual stainless steel louver measures 2 in wide 

# , 3/8 in thick and 10 ft long and are angled 6()0;

louvers are spaced 3 in apart. 

# At normal pond elevation 

# , the louver panels extend 15 ft below the

water surface. This louver system 

# was installed to intercept emigrating fish following prevalent



# flows towards units 9 and 10 and guide them to the fishpipe. This design also compensates for



# any increased flows from the operation of two proposed generating units (Units 11 and 12). . The



# second fish passage facility, installed in 1994 , utilized existing conduit that supplied an attraction



# flow for the fish ladder collection gallery; modifications were made to the structure in an attempt

to ' attract and pass fish. 

# A surface fed entrance was constructed in the western forebay wall of the

Station , approximately 25 ft upstream of the Unit 10 trashrack (Figure 2). 

# The entrance measures



# 8 ft high by approximately 3 ft wide and at normal pond elevation the bottom sill is approximately



# 6 ft underwater. At approximately 4 ft from the lower sill of the entrance 

# , the passage tapers from



# 4 ft in diameter to 2 ft in diameter , and extends through the powerhouse, discharging near the fish

ladder collection channel in the tailrace. 

# Flow through the fishtube at normal. pond elevation is

approximately 50 cfs. 

# A debris diversion/flow modification board was mounted at an approximate



# 30" angle to the entrance of the west fishtube early in 1995. The laminated plywood board

measures approximately 4 ftby 8 ft 

# , and at normal pond elevation it extends about 3 ft beneath the



# water. It was installed to divert floating debris away from the west fishtube 

# , towards the unit 10

# trashrack and to alter the attraction flow to the entrance from primarily upstream of the tube to the



# area from Unit 10 intake. The purpose of the west fishtube was to provide an alternate passage



# route , other than turbines, to fish that congregate in the western corner intake areas.

# MEIHODS AND MATERIALS

Study Design



# Movement and behavior of hatchery reared Atlantic salmon smolts were monitored in the



# vicinity of Vernon Hydroelectric Station to determine the relative efficiencies of: 1 - 

# the louver

system to guide smolts to the fishpipe entrance and 2 - the utilization of the West Fishtube by



# smolts which approach the area of Unit 10 intake. Six groups of radio tagged smolts were to be

released upstream of the Dam so movement and passage could be monitored. In addition 

# , the

frequencies of radio tagged smolts released at Bellows Falls Station would be programmed into

receivers at Vernon to monitor their movement and behavior. 

# The study design was based.on the

availability of four passage routes: fishpipe , turbines 

# , west tube and fish ladder 

# , after it was

opened. The log/ice sluice 

# was closed for the duration of the study to enhance flows to the

fishpipe bypass. The tainter and flood 

# gates were closed because of unusually low flow conditions



# in the river.



# Telemetry Dataloggers and Transmitters .

Lotek SRX - 400 telemetry receivers were used to monitor radio tagged smolts. Prior to



# release of tagged fish , electromagnetic noise floor levels were determined at the Station. 

# Receivers



# were configured to exclude background noise by utilizing several features in the receiver



# software. Receivers were set to scan each frequency for specific time periods 

# , depending on

location 

# , ranging from 0. 8 to 3. 

# 0 seconds. When a signal was received 

# , the scan program

temporarily suspended and the validity of the signal was verified and logged or rejected. The

# receivers recorded the specific code of each frequency and if the code was inconsistent with the

group of known codes it was rejected. A ~tek Model DSP _ 

# 500 Digital Spectrum Processor was

used to monitor passage through the fishpipe and west fishtube. 

# The DSP 500 when coupled to

the SRX - 400 is a broad spectrum 

# receiver capable of detecting a wide band of frequencies without



# scanning. When a frequency within this band is detected , the signal is processed by the SRX - 400



# and data is logged in the SRX memory banks.

Data were stored in the SRX 

# - 400 as either a single event or a period of multiple events,

depending on the amount of time a tagged smolt resided in a particular reception area. 

# Data stored

for each event were: start date , start time 

# , channel 

# , channel code 

# , average signal strength, number

of events 

# , end date , and end time.



# Smolts were tagged with small radio transmitters manufactured by Lotek Engineering Inc,

Newmarket , Ontario, Canada. Each transmitter was 

# approximately 1.8 em in length, 0. 8 to 1.0



# cm in diameter , and weighed less than 2 g in water. Signals were transmitted through a short



# length whip antenna extending from the transmitter. 

# A total of 20 frequencies between 149. 320

and 149. 

# 700 MHz were used during the study; each frequency was separated by 20 kHz. Up to

15 tags transmitted on the same frequency; each transmitted a unique identification code.

# Monitor Installations

Eight monitoring stations were installed at the Vernon Project (Figures 3 and 4). 

# Several



# steps were followed prior to release of fish to insure that valid signals were received and recorded



# at each monitoring location. Noise floor levels were defined at each monitoring location to

determine the best possible noise exclusion settings for each receiver. 

# Each radio tag used for the

study was tested to determine best frequency reception and to verify it' s identification code. The



# zone of detection for each monitoring station was established by deploying several activated tags at

various distances and water depths from each station.



# Monitor Station 1 (Figure 3) utilized one receiver and was deployed to survey the portion

of river around the tainter gate/spillway area. 

# The receiver was coupled through a multiple

antenna switch box to four 4-element Yagi (Cushcraft Model PI50-4) antennas spaced equidistant



# across the dam face; each antenna was oriented upstream and perpendicular to the dam. All

antennas were utilized as one master antenna system and four discrete auxiliary antennas. 

# When a

signal was detected on any antenna, that frequency was sequentially searched for with each



# auxiliary antenna. The radio frequency gain of the antennas in auxiliary mode was set lower than



# that for the master mode , thus providing greater accuracy in determining the location of tagged



# smolts along the spillway area. The reception area of Monitor Station 1 in master mode

encompassed from the east shoreline of the river to the log sluice and approximately 300 ft



# upstream. Each antenna in auxiliary mode had a reception range of approximately 100 ft.

Monitor Station 2 (Figure 3) utilized one receiver coupled to one 9-element Yagi antenna

(Cushcraft Model PLC- 

# 1429) attached to the middle concrete log boom support pier. The

# reception area covered slightly over one half of the west side of the river to a distance of

approximately 400 ft upstream. This station was 

# configured to detect tagged smolts approaching



# the forebay area from that side of the river.

Monitor Station 3 (Figure 4) was installed to detect the presence and movement of tagged



# smolts along the louver system. One receiver was coupled through an antenna switch box to one 4



# element Yagi main antenna and three stripped coaxial cable (SCC) auxiliary antennas. The main



# antenna surveyed the area from the fishpipe entrance , approximately 50 ft on either side of the



# louver system to roughly 75 ft upstream of the louver system. Each SCC antenna was placed

equidistant along the louver system 

# , about 10ft beneath the water surface. Each antenna had an

approximate 35 ft reception sphere.



# Monitor Stations 4 and 5 (Figure 4) were deployed to detect passage through the fishpipe



# and west fishtube. A single receiver .coupled with a fast-switching Digital Spectrum Processor

(DSP _ 500) was used to simultaneously monitor both of these passage routes. 

# Monitor Station 4

(fishpipe) antennas were comprised of three 120 ft lengths of SCC serially connected through the

fast switching box to the DSP _ 500. The 

# stripped portions (reception portions) of the coaxial



# cables were placed approximately 10 it 

# , 40 ft, and 70 ft inside the fishpipe. The reception area of

this antenna configuration extended from approximately 5 ft within the pipe to approximately 15 ft

from the end. The Monitor 

# Station 5 (west shore fishtube) antenna system was also comprised of



# three equal lengths of stripped coaxial cables serially coupled through the fast switcher (separate

input port than that for the fishtube antenna) to the DSP. 

# The stripped portions were placed 10 it,



# 25 it , and 50 ft inside the fishtube. The reception range was from about 1 ft in front 

# of the

entrance to approximately 80 ft within the fishtube.

# Monitor Station 6 surveyed the inner forebay along the turbine intake trashracks. 

# One

receiver was coupled through a switch box to one 4-element Yagi main antenna and four lengths of



# 12 gauge insulated copper wire auxiliary antennas. 

# The main antenna was positioned on the



# concrete wall located on the west side of the power house and was oriented parallel to the intakes.



# The reception area extended across the inner forebay in front of the intakes to the entrance of the

log/ice sluice. The four auxiliary antennas 

# were attached to pre-existing safety cables strung along



# the intakes at a height of about 4 it above the water surface. Auxiliary antenna 1 was



# approximately 90 it long and stretched from the east side of the fishpipe to within approximately



# 15 it of the sluice gate , monitoring units one through four intakes. Auxiliary antenna 2 

# , also 90 ft

long, stretched from the west side of the fishpipe to the end of unit eight intake and covered units



# five through eight. Auxiliary antennas 3 and 4 

# , roughly 40 ft long each 

# , spanned the width of the

unit nine and ten intakes.

Monitor Station 7 surveyed the tailrace of Vernon Station (Figure 3). 

# One receiver was



# coupled to a 9 element Yagi antenna located on the west shore fish ladder wall above the public



# viewing window. The antenna was directed at the east shoreline and its reception area covered the



# width of the river from approximately 50 it downstream of the dam to roughly 600 it. downstream.



# This Monitor Station was installed to confirmed passage of tagged smolts through Vernon Station.



# Monitor Station 8 (Figure 3) surveyed the mid-section of the fish ladder which was opened



# on 18 May. This Station utilized one 4-element Yagi antenna coupled to one receiver. 

# The

antenna was mounted approximately 8 it above the water s sUrface at a 450 vertical angle. It'



# reception area encompassed the entire width of the fish ladder to approximately 40 it on either side

of the antenna.

# Smolt Procurement and Tagging



# Hatchery reared Atlantic salmon smolts were obtained from the United States Fish and

Wildlife Service 

# s White River National Hatchery in Bethel VT. Smolts were held in 3 circular

fiberglass holding tanks that were 6 ft in diameter and 35 in deep. The tanks were installed on the



# fisWadder exit platform in the forebay of Vernon Station. 

# Water was continually supplied to each

tank at a rate of 48 gal per minute by one pump 

# submerged in the forebay. Dissolved oxygen

temperature and pH were monitored daily in each pool for the first two weeks of holding to ensure



# stable water quality for the smolts. All smolts were fed pelletized food on a daily basis except for



# those scheduled for tagging on a given day.



# Groups of 30 to 35 smolts were transferred from the holding tanks to a 180 gal aerated



# transport tank and taken to the Normandeau Associates (NAI) Vermont office in Brattleboro 

# , VT



# for tagging. Smolts were netted three to five at a time from the transport tank and sedated in a

bath of tricane methanesulfonate 

# (25 mgll). A radio transmitter was inserted through the mouth



# and esophagus and deposited in the stomach of each fish. Tagged smolts were measured to the

nearest 1 mm fork length (FL), placed in temporary 22 gal holding barrels to regain equilibrium



# and returned to the transport tank for overnight holding. The following day, all tagged smolts



# were inspected for fitness and transported to the release site at the confluence " of 

# the Connecticut



# River and Broad Brook 

# , 4. 1 miles upstream of Vernon Station. Smolts were transferred to 30 gal

holding containers and boated out to the middle of the river. 

# Fish were 

# released by partially



# submerging and gently overturning the containers in the river.

# Data Collection and Analysis

Data were retrieved from receivers nearly every day. 

# Proper operation of receivers was



# checked at time of data retrieval. Data were off loaded onto 3. 

# 5 in diskettes with an ffiM

compatible laptop computer. 

# Backups of all data were made at time of downloading to assure



# complete data retrieval. Raw data were compiled and analyzed with Microsoft Excel software and

were critically analyzed to determine the validity of records. 

# Water temperatures were monitored

during the study period (Figure 5).

# . ,

# RESULTS



# A total of 142 Atlantic salmon smolts was tagged and released upstream of Vernon Station

between 4 May and 15 May, 1995 (Table 1). 

# One group of 26 smolts 

# , four groups of 25 , and one

group of 16 fish were released at mid Connecticut River off the mouth of Broad Brook 

# , 4. 1 miles



# upstream of Vernon Station. Smolts ranged in size from 162 to 220 mID fork length (FL) and



# averaged 184 mm FL. Water temperatures at time of release varied from 11.0 to 13. 0 C.



# Some 134 radio tagged smolts released off Broad. Brook approached and were monitored



# the vicinity of the Station. Approach to Vernon Station was predominately from the east

shoreline and mid-river. 

# Of the smolts released off Broad Brook 

# , 65 (48.5%) approached from the

east , 52 (38. 

# 8%) approached from mid-river , and 17 (12. 

# 7%) approached from the west shoreline.



# Times for tagged fish to arrive at Vernon Station after release varied from 2 hr 

# , 41 min to 1 day 9

hr 40 min 

# , and averaged 9 hr 57 min. An additional 51 radio tagged smolts released upstream of

Bellows Falls Station were monitored at Vernon after passage at Bellows Falls. 

# Of these , 19



# (37. 

# 3%) approached from the east , 23 (45. 

# 1 %) approached from mid- 

# river , and 9 (17. 

# 6%)



# approached from the west shoreline. Travel times from Bellows Falls varied from 1 day 6 hr 5

min to 5 days 7 hr 22 min and averaged 2 days 14 hr25 min.



# Vernon Station residence for Broad Brook released smolts ranged from 10 min to 2 days

22 hr 30 min 

# , and averaged 11 hr 15 min. Of" these 

# , 82 (61.2%) were detected in the far western



# corner of the forebay in the vicinity of Units 9 and 10 intakes (Table 1). Total residency times in



# this area ranged from 1 min to 1 day 6 hr 35 min; mean time was 2 hr 13 min. Residency times



# for the 51 smolts which passed Bellows Falls ranged from 26 min to 3 days 7 

# hr 5 min; mean time

# was 14 hr 1 min. A total of 36 (70. 

# 6%) of these smolts was monitored in Units 9 and 10 intake

areas. They spent from 1 min to 14 hr 4 min in this area. Mean time 

# spent there was 2 hr 30

min. Water 

# temperature during the presence of tagged smolts ranged from 11. 0 to 14. 

# 0 C (Figure



# 5).

Overall , 185 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts were monitored at Vernon Station from 4



# May to 19 May, 1995. 

# Approach to the Station was predominately from the east and mid- 

# river

with 84 (45.4%) approaching from the east , 75 (40. 

# 5%) approaching down mid-river 

# , and 26

(14. 

# 1 %) approaching down the west shoreline (Table 1). Residence times ranged 

# from 10 min to



# 3 days 7 hr 5 min; mean residence time was 12 hr. A total of 173 tagged ~molts passed 

# Vernon

Station. The fishpipe and west 

# fishtube passed 41 (23. 

# 7%) and 68 (39. 3%) smolts , respectively.



# Turbine passage occurred for a total of 60 smolts. Eighteen (10.4%) passed through Units 1



# through 4 , 1 (0. 

# 6%) passed through Unit 9 and 41 (23. 

# 7%) passed through Unit 10. ' Overall , 109



# (63'. 

# 0%) smolts passed the Station via fishpipe or fishtube and 60 (34. 7%) passed via turbine.

Passage generally occurred throughout the day, however 

# , most occurred during hours of darkness

(Figure 6). Passage 

# numbers peaked for all routes between the hours of dusk (roughly 8:30 PM)

and midnight. The passage 

# route for 4 (2. 

# 3%) smolts was undetermined. A total of 12 tagged



# smolts was monitored at the Station and did not pass.



# The vast majority of tagged smolts (147 - 85. 

# 0% of those passing) resided less than 1 day

before passing the Station (Table 2). 

# Of the 173 smoltS which passed , 117 (67. 

# 6 %) were



# monitored in the area of Units 9 and 10 intakes for times. ranging from 1 min to more than 1 day.

The percentage of salmon which passed via fishpipe generally increased with increased residency

time. Passage through the west 

# fishtube and Unit 10 varied with increasing residency time 

# , but no

# general relationship was evident. Most passage (11 of 18 - 61.1 %) through Units 1 through 4



# occurred in less than 4 hr of residence.

Total Station discharge during the approach and residence of tagged smolts ranged from

075 to 11, 

# 340 cis (Figure 7); no spillage occurred during the time of smolt presence at Vernon

Station. Tagged smolts 

# were exposed to various Station generating regimes upon arrival (Table 3).



# Generation ranged from one small and one large unit operating (mean flow = 2 

# 136 cis) to all

units operating (six small and two large units 

# , mean flow = 9 820); almost half of all smolts (n=



# 48%) arrived during the full generation regime. Residency times were, on average , highest



# (mean time = 1 day 4 hr 3 min) for those smolts initially exposed to the lowest generation;



# average residency times for smolts initially exposed to all other generation regimes were



# substantially lower. The percentage of smolts monitored in the area of Unit 9 and 10 intakes was

lowest (60. 2 %) for those smolts initially exposed to the full generation regime.

In total, 150 

# tagged smolts which passed the Station approached from the east and mid

portions of the river. 

# Residency times for these fish were longest 

# , on average 

# , for those smolts

initially exposed to the lowest generation and were shortest for those initially exposed to the



# generation regime with 1 Unit east of the louver and 4 Units west of the louver operating (Table

4). Of these 150 fish 

# , 99 (66. 

# 0%) were monitored in the western corner of the forebay near Unit



# 10 intake and the fishtube entrance. The fishpipe was utilized for passage at the highest rates by



# smolts initially exposed to the lowest and highest generating regimes; 36.4% and 33.

respectively.

# Just over half (50. 

# 3%) of the 173 tagged smolts which passed Vernon Station did so during



# times of full generation (fable 5); some 17.4 % (n = 30) passed during times of lowest generation.



# The fishpipe was utilized at the highest rate (44. 

# 4%) by smolts which passed during operation of 2

small Units east of the louver and 1 small and 1 large Unit west of the louver. 

# Passage through



# the west fishtube was most prevalent (70. 

# 0%) for smolts which passed during the lowest

generating regime.



# At least 7 radio tagged smolts continued emigration after passage at Vernon Station and



# were recaptured at the Cabot Station log sluice sampler or were detected below Hadley Falls

Station in Holyoke , MA by Northeast Utilities Service Company (NUSCO) personnel. 

# Data



# supplied by NUSCO personnel (fable 6) indicate that 2 smolts released for the Vernon study were



# recaptured at Cabot Station; dates and times for recapture were not available. Radio signals from

an additional 17 smolts 

# , 5 of which were released for the Bellows Falls study, were tentatively



# identified as being present in the tailwaters of Hadley Falls Station. Inspection of data supplied by

NUSCO , however 

# , revealed that only 5 had signal strengths of a magnitude that confl11Iled



# presence. It is not certain that the other 12 were actually present. 

# Of the 7 smolts which were

confirmed to have arrived at Cabot or Hadley Falls, 3 had passed Vernon Station via fishpipe , 1



# had passed by the fishtube 

# , 2 had passed through Unit 10, and 1 had passed via an unknown route.



# Travel times from Vernon to Hadley Falls (56 river miles) ranged from just under 2 days to 7



# days 16 hr 31 min.

# DISCUSSION

The movement and behavior of 185 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts were monitored

at Vernon Station. Unlike the previous year 

# s study (RMC 1995), all smolts were released and



# monitored during times of no spillage over the dam, thus , the efficiency of the louver system to

intercept and guide emigrating smolts to the fishpipe entrance could be assessed without

complicating flow variables caused by spill. In addition 

# , all smolts monitored at Vernon Station

were either released approximately 4 miles upstream of the Station or had passed Bellows Falls



# Station (32 miles upstream of Vernon), during no spill 

# , which allowed for a more reliable



# indication of preferred approach routes to Vernon Station by emigrating smolts. Approach to the

Station is important because only those smolts which approach from the east or mid river and

migrate westerly along the dam will encounter the louver array. 

# Those approaching down the west



# shoreline enter the forebay under the log boom and follow prevailing flows toward Units 9 and 10.

The predominate approach to Vernon Station was from the east and mid- river (85. 

# 9% of

all approaches). This 

# , and data gathered from previous studies (Table 7), supports the concept that

emigrating smolts primarily approach Vernon Station from the eastern and middle portions of the

river. Most emigrating 

# smolts, then 

# , should either pass through tainter gates, if open 

# , or move

westerly along the dam and encounter the louver system.

The efficiency of the louver system to facilitate passage by emigrating smolts through the



# fishpipe can be measured by two variables. One, the exclusion effectiveness , can be determined



# by the proportion of tagged smolts which approached the Station from the east and mid- 

# river that

were not detected on the western side of the louver 

# , i.e. near Units 5 through 10 and the west

# fishtube entrance. The second variable is the expeditious utilization of the fishpipe by smolts

which were excluded from the western forebay and can be measured by fishpipe usage and



# residence times. In total, 159 tagged smolts approached Vernon Station from the east and mid

# river 

# , migrated across the dam and entered the forebay. Of these , 92 continued westerly beyond

the louver and were detected in the Unit 10, fishtube area. 

# This results in a louver exclusion



# efficiency of 42. 

# 1 %. Those excluded smolts did not, however, promptly utilize the fishpipe for

passage. Of the 67 smolts which were never 

# detected in the western forebay, 11 smolts were

never detected passing the Station 

# , 4 passed by unknown routes 

# , 17 passed through Units 1

through 4 and 35 passed via fishpipe after an average 12 hr residency time (Table 8). 

# These data

indicate relatively poor louver and/or fishpipe efficiency.



# Reasons for the relatively poor performance of the louver system are unclear but may be

due 

# , in part, to two primary 

# considerations: low spring river flows and a probable deterrence

effect to smolt fishpipe utilization by the entrance trashrack. The 

# winter and spring of 1995 were

severely dry which resulted in low river flows during the salmon emigration period. 

# Vernon



# Station operated at less than capacity for much of the time and no turbine cycling protocol , other



# than Unit 10 being first on 

# , last off , had been established. Consequently, during times of less than



# capacity generation 

# , generation regimes were utilized that were probably not optimum for louver

guidance. Poor fishpipe utilization by 

# tagged smolts was most likely due to the fishpipe entrance

trashrack which was in place for most of the study. 

# The bars of the rack are spaced approximately

1 ft apart and create increased turbulence and water velocity from that which exists at the entrance



# when the trashrack is not in place. In addition 

# , the rack was clogged with debris several times

during the study, which further increased turbulence and velocity, as well as prevented easy access



# to the fishpipe. The rack was cleared of debris when it was noticeably clogged, however 

# , data

# suggest that even a cleared rack may have impeded entrance to the fishpipe. 

# Of all smolts (n=41)



# which utilized the fishpipe for passage 

# , only two passed in less than 1 hI 

# , and most (n=28

68. 

# 3%) passed after 4 hr (fable 2); 6 passed via the fishpipe after migrating into the western

forebay and back again (fable 8). 

# Mean residence times for smolts which had remained in the



# east forebay and eventually passed by the fishpipe were longer than the mean residency times for

fishtube and Unit 10 passing fish (fable 7). In addition 

# , 17 of the 18 smolts which 

# passed through



# Units 1 through 4 (a route observed for the first time in 6 years of studies) resided an average 4 hr



# 9 min in the forebay east of the louver before passing. These high residency times in the eastern

forebay and selection of Units 1 through 4 for passage by smolts excluded from the western



# forebay strongly suggest an attraction to the flow but a reluctance by smolts to enter the fishpipe



# through the trashrack. Many smolts may have been guided to the fishpipe entrance , but after

encountering the trashrack 

# , chose to migrate beyond the louver into the western forebay.



# Unfortunately, the trashrack was not suspected to be a problem until late into the study. The rack

was raised out of the water , however 

# , not before all tagged smolts had passed.

The observed reluctance of smolts to enter the fishpipe complicates the accurate assessment

of the relationship between generation and louver efficiency (exclusion 

# , guidance and passage via

fishpipe). Station generation 

# undoubtedly affected the performance of the louver system , however



# no clear relationship is discernible from the data. Exclusion efficiency was greatest (42. 

# 6%) for

east and mid river approaching smolts during the full generation regime but was substantially



# lower (16. 

# 7%) during the generation regime with all units except Unit 7 operating (fable 4).

The mean flow differential (total flow into turbines east vs west of the louver) during the full



# generation regime was 48.4% of the total turbine flow through east turbines and 51.6% of total

flow through west turbines (fable 4). 

# A similar flow differential occurred with the generation

# regime with Units 1 and 2 (east - 48. 

# 7% of flow) and Units 6 and 10 (west - 51.3% of flow)

operating. Although only 5 smolts 

# arrived during this regime, all migrated into the west forebay

area 

# , representing an exclusion of 0%. Without clear evidence of a relationship between

generation and west forebay exclusionlfishpipe passage 

# , the importance of Unit operation



# particularly Units east vs west of the louver , during times of less than capacity generation , is not



# clear.



# The west fishtube was a viable alternative passage route for smolts which entered the



# western forebay. A total 39. 3 % of all smolts passing the Station exited by this route. 

# In addition



# of the 110 smolts which passed via western routes (Units 6 - 10 

# , fishtube), 61.8% (n=68) passed

through the fishtube (Table 8); the remainder passed via Unit 9 (n= 1) and Unit 10 (n=41). . This



# suggests that smolts which congregated in the western forebay preferred a surface fed passage

route. Addition of the flow 

# deflector board in front of the fishtube entrance may have contributed

to an increased utilization of this route. 

# In 1994 

# , 32.3% of all smolts which passed Vernon

Station during non spill conditions passed via the fishtube (Table 7). 

# This percentage increased to



# 39.3% in 1995. Additionally, 

# fishtube utilization by smolts which passed via western routes



# increased from 53.4% in 1994 (31 of 58 - RMC 1995) to 61.8% during 1995.

# CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Guidance to the fishpipe entrance by the louver system for emigrating Atlantic salmon



# smolts can only be effective for smolts which approach Vernon Station along the east shoreline or



# rid- river. Data 

# from this and past studies suggest that approaches from upriver by emigrating



# smolts are predominately from these sections of the river. The louver array excluded 42. 1 % of



# the tagged smolts which entered the forebay from the east and mid portions of the river; the

remainder migrated westerly beyond the louver and congregated in the far west corner of the

forebay near Unit 10. Probable deterrence 

# to smolts from entering the fishpipe caused by the

entrance trashrack may have resulted in lower fishpipe utilization 

# , increased turbine passage

through Units 1 through 4 

# , and increased residency time. Unusually low river flows and nonstandard turbine cycling may have contributed additionally to the relatively poor louver efficiency.



# The west fishtube passed 61.8% of all smolts which passed the Station from the western forebay.



# This increase from 53.4% passed in 1994 may be due to installation of the flow deflector board.

RMC recommends duplicating the 1995, study, with some alteration. The fishpipe



# trashrack 

# , which was installed to prevent large logs from entering the fishpipe , should be removed



# for the duration of the study. During 1995 , there was no evidence of very large debris entering



# the eastern forebay and tb,e benefit to fish passage 

# will probably outweigh any potential damage to

the fishpipe. In addition 

# , a turbine cycling protocol should be adopted for times of less than



# capacity generation. The random operation of turbines during 1995 , in addition to the fishpipe

trashrack 

# , complicated assessment of louver efficiency. However 

# , since there were no direct

relationships evident between generation regimes and fishpipe passage and residence times 

# , the

# importance of Unit operation 

# , particularly Units east vs west of the louver 

# , during times of less

than capacity generation 

# , is not clear. 

# Perhaps a standard generator operating procedure will

delineate the importance to louver efficiency.

# LITERATURE CITED

Saunders 

# , W. 

# P. and I. M. Mudre. 1988. An evaluation of the effectiveness 

# offish bypass



# modifications of the log and ice sluice gate at Bellows Falls Station. IS&T , Inc.



# RMC. 1990. Determination of movement and behavior of Atlantic salmon smolts



# at Vernon Hydroelectric Station. Oct 1990. 31 pp.



# RMC. 1992. Movement and behavior of Atlantic salmon smolts at Wilder 

# , Bellows Falls and

Vernon Hydroelectric Stations and of American shad at Vernon Station. July 1992. 164 

# pp.



# RMC and Sonalysts. 1993. Effect of ensonification on the movement and behavior of Atlantic



# salmon smolts at Vernon Hydroelectric Station. January 1993. 121 pp.



# RMC. 1995. Movement and behavior of radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts at Vernon

Hydroelectric Station 

# , spring, 1994. 66 pp.Table 1.Data summary for all Atlantic salmon smolts released and/or monitored at Vernon Station, spring,1995.RELEASE GROUPVERNONFROMTOTALBHLWWSTOTALDateMayMayMayII-May13-MayIS-Mayrune9:329:0410:059:409:109:41IhO Temp (C)11.011.11.512.12.13.No. Released142Size (mm Fl.)Low165.0162.165.175.173.175.162.170.162.Mean183.177.6181.185.0186.192.184.190.185.High200.201.0208.200.201.0220.220.118.120.No. Monitored134185ApproachHaltMidWestUnk.Time to Station (D:H:M) ILow0:02:41. 0:03:480:06:310:04:130:04:160:03:150:02:411:06:05Mean0:05:460:12:550:11:250:10:390:06:500:13:270:09:572:14:25High0:13:101:09:401:00:161:00:400:13:071:05:311:09:405:07:224=00Residency Time (D:II:M)West ForebBY 2118Low0:00:010:00:010:00:010:00:020:00:010:00:010:00:010:00:010:00:01Mean0:01:220:01:040:02:290:01:360:02:000:06:310:02: 130:02:300:02:19High0:08:350:11:001:06:350:09:060:07:000:15:371:06:350:14:041:06:35TotalLow0:01:060:00:200:00:100:00:560:00:210:11:530:00:100:00:260:00:10Mean0:07:430:22:000:08:500:06:580:10:580:09:500:11:150:14:010:12:00High1:12:462:16:011 :19:33I: II :272:22:301:00:462:22:303:07:053:07:05Passaae RouteFlehplpo. 5Welt TubeTurblno 1-4Turbino 6,Turbine 9TurbineUnk.Total Passed126173No PallageI - Time to ltatlon for Beliowl fish II travel tlmofromBellows Falls.2 - Total time .pent In vicinity of Unit 9 and10Intakes.--,.._...~,o"n__-""-----'S'".,., ,Table 2.Comparisonofpassage route utilization by radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts grouped by residency times.OverallResidencyNearPassage Route (n - %)ResidencTotal (n)Unit 10 (n)FishW. Fishtube Turbines1-4Turbine 9Turbine 10Unk.1 hr2 10.9 45.3 15.S 25.1 - 2 hrS 21.721.717.48 34.2 - 4 hr6 28.38.4 19.3 14.8hr10 26.17 44.21.18 hr - 1 day9 20.19 42.12 26.t-..)1 - 2 days42.131.64 21.12 - 4 days14.4 57.14.14.TOTAL17311741 23.39.1810.441 23.~~-~..'::t.WF....,Table 3.Comparison of residency and passage of radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts grouped by Vernon Station discharge upon arrival.ARRIVALRESIDENCYPASSAGE# UnitsResidencyMeanOperatingMeanMedianNear UnitRoute (n - %)MeanFlowersEastlWest* Totald:h:md:h:10n -Fish' W. TubeUnits 1-4Unit 9Unit 10Unk.Flowers21360 lit 11 :04:031:12:3776.30.38.30.617545442/1t0:09:110:09:136 100.83.16.95651151/20:08:000:01:4871.414.42.21.414.839859003 lit 10:16:510:06:5963.14.51.14.11.17.4643971184/1,0:04:370:03:4580.20.20.60.661888764/10:08:310:05:0380.24.32.40.482898204/2,0: 10: 170:06:3660.30.34.10.1.221.71.28454TOTAL1730: 12:000:06:3611761.23.39.10.423.* - Number of Units on east of the louver I number of units on west of the louver - bold =large unit (9 or 10).Table 4.Comparison of residency and passage of east and mid-river approaching radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts grouped by Vernon Stationdischarge upon arrival.ARRIVALRESIDENCYPASSAGEUnitsMean FlowResidencyMeanOperating'"Differential (efs)'"MeanMedianNear UnitRouten - %FlowersTotalEast/WestEastlW estd:h:md:h:m100 -FishW. TubeUnits 1-4Unit 9Unit 10Unk.21220/21221:08:341:13:248 '72.4 36.3 27.4 36.45552/6,2217/23340:10:290: 10:07S 100.4 80.1 20.51151/61030/40850:06:240:01:4069.15.4S 38.3 23.15.59004/63479/24300: 16:510:06:5963.14.14 51.914.ILl69934/6,4563/24300:05:010:05:0150.1 50.1 50........90894/6,5094/39730:08:140:04:5883.5 20.8 33.10 41.797874/6,4735/50530: 10:010:06:3457.423 33.. 21 30.10.16 23.1.5TOTAL1500: 12: 150:06:4166.38 25.S6 37.10.36 24.* - East and west of the louver.--'-'-."-- '-' '", ..-........._----'--Table 5.Comparisonofresidency and passageofradio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts grouped by Vernon Station discharge upon passage.ARRIV ALRESIDENCYPASSAGEResidency# UnitsMeanMeanMedianNear UnitMeanOperatingRouten - %FloweCaTotald:h:d:h:10n -FlowcrsEastlWest'" ~FishW. TubeUnits 1-4Unit 9Unit 10Unk.2960: 14:000:07:2896.2030/1, 113.70.16.2430: 15:430:09:3855.6962/1,44.433.22.6350:23:340: 19: 1140.2791/2,40.20.20.20.7430:04:180:02:0942.8853/1,15.42.26.15.5140:09: 120:04: 155 100.9034/1,60.40.2880:04:260:03:4566.6974/1 ,22.11.111.155.5140:12:300:06:5862.7624/225.. 2832.12.1.124.TOTAL1730:12:000:06:3611465.23.39.10.423.'" - NumberofUnits on eastofthe louver I numberofunitsonwestofthe louver - bold =large unit (9 or 10).-..-- -- ,"l!Ii1'f'-"--.~,""''."Table 6.0201030101010405100204111004100101150809130112011304190417022001170919111612FISHnun176178178188185210162168182203181178180186185186178192191Listingofradio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts that were recaptured at Cabot Station or detected in the HolyokeProject tail waters after passage at Vernon Station, spring,1995.Date5/45/45/45/45/65/65/65/65/75/85/125/125/1251135/135/135/165/185/19VERNON ARRIVAL AND PASSAGETime toArrivalStationFlowd:h:mcCs0:04:59 104500:04:59 10,4500:05:01 10,4500:05:42 9,905. 0:07: 13 60503:04:26 6,0500:12:26 61200: 13:09 6,0502:01:28 8,9450:09:47 51150:20:41 2,3550:23:50 10,2201:()():40 9,0950:04:268,4850:04:36 8,4850:04:38 84851:18:48 90902:02:53 9,4502:14:15 10560Time Aroach14:31Mid14:31Mid14:33Mid15: 14East16: 17Mid20:54East21:30East22:13East:40Mid19:52Mid6:21West9:30West10:20East13:36East13:46East13:48East10:10Mid16:44East1:10WestResidencyd:h:m0:06:200:06:230:07:430:01: 120:05:130:03: 100:00:200:00:222:05:390:01:570:00:580:02:210:05:230:06:440:04:531:00:500:09:360:04:260:00:47PassageRouteUNKPipeTubeUnit 10PipeTubeUnit 10TubePipeUNKTubePipeUnit 10PipeUnit 10PipeUnit 10PipeUnit 9PassageFlowcCs35535590590512098012005090095037010,01579049519540054010,03010,560HOLYOKE TAILWATERSTime FromVernonDateTimed:h:m51t713:4812: 16:575/1213:257: 16:315/1713:5212: 15:265/1311:318:19:05Recaptured at Cabot Station5/121: 165:00: 125/2117: II14: 19:21Recaptured at Cabot Station5/141:484:05:295/1223:214:01:325/168:504:01 :315/1512:493:()():585/1612: 143:20:315/17'17:493:21:295/1618:322:23:535/1617:312:02:535/1916:582:21: 125/2018:191:21:095/2118:552: 16:58B = Smoltsreleased upstreamofBellows Falls.S = Strongsignal - indicativeofpositive detection.Note - These Holyoke detection data were obtainedCrom NUSCO personnel with the caveat that some signals may havebeen questionable.Oneofthe frequencies and codes supplied by NUSCO as detected at Holyoke was recaptured at Cabot Station...,.'Table 7.Comparison of Atlantic salmon smolt approach and passage at Vernon Station over five study years.StudYear19901991 *19921994**1995Approach (%)East88.46.41.750.45.4Mid-River23.10.40.West2.423.150.37.14.Unknown1.6Passage Route (%)Tainter Gate42.1.8Flood GateSluice Gate21.428.N/AN/AFishpipeN/A12.21.735.23.West FishtubeN/AN/AN/A32.39.Turbine30.63.47.529.37.Unknown14.Fishladder2.5* - Approach results reflect only smolts released mid-river off Vermont Yankee (n= 13),passage results discount smolts released in forebay (n=55).** - Data reflect only smolts initially exposed to non spill conditions upon arrival to the Station (n=64 approach, n=62passed).-'-,"--"""'-"------ -$P.;?---Table 8.Summary of approach and residency time for all Atlantic salmon smolts which passed Vernon Station, spring, 1995, grouped by passage route.Passage RouteFishpipeFishtubeUnits 1-Unit 9Unit 10UnknownTOTALEast.West.East.West.East.West.East.West.East.West.East*West.East*West*Number117ApproachEastMidWestResidency Time (D:II:M)West Forebay 2Low0:00:090:00:010:00: I 10:00:080:00:010:00:01Mean0:03:200:02:110:00:1 I0:00:080:02:130:02:19Median0:00:560:00:230:00: 110:00:080:00:230:00:23High0:14:040:15:370:00: II0:00:081:06:351:06:35TotalLow0:00:100:03: 110:00:210:00:350:23:250:00:410:00:200:01:570:00:100:00:20Mean0:12:310:17:360:11:190:04:090:23:250:00:470:11:120:23:550:10:400:12:11Median0:01:210:12:590:06:410:02:310:23:250:00:470:05:290:14:510:06:200:06:38High2:05:391:11:573:01:051 :01 :260:23:250:00:472:22:302:16:012:16:013:01:05...... - East =smolts never detected in the western intake corner, West = smoltsthat were detected in western intake corner.---,--.....--'.':",.;::,

# I Wilder Dam



# Lebanon, NH

White River



# Junction, VT



# Bellows Falls

Dam

i!'



# Vernon

Dam



# iHinSda,e

MIles



# Figure 1. Map of the Connecticut River 

# showing the location of Vernon Project.

# -t, .......



# G-..



# cr, II)



# t\I

oS! 

# C') (I)



# "I:t 

# +:g.

to . (/)



# CO .



# r--

::0. 

# CD . 

# 0).

'P"



# Figure 2. Map of Vernon Project.

# Cii CI)



# ::J



# Ulliill ....

L1. 

# ... ~ . g

of .



# Figure 3. Map of Vernon Project Monitoring Stations 1, 2. and 7 reception 

# areas.:!!......lISc::::J::J::;:...C/)pot.::JCII(.0)...())....::JStation 8(Flshladder)Station 5(WestFishtube)I:I:I:!I,1:I:I'II!111;:;:;:;:;,;:;:;:;:;:;:;1j'::::':dInI:1:llll!i!liillillliiil!1!,rmmntITlliJForebayStation 6(Intakes)Main AntennaAuxiliary AntennaStation 3(Louver):::: m m:m: m 1m m m m mm mm::::::mi:::m i: m: m m iI mm m m::::mmm!illill~: :.mmm!mmmm mm m: mm mmm m mm: m mm!;:iliii!III!I~1!11imll!III'~lillllliI1!1'li!IIIII' II:;:;:;:!:;:::;,;:;,;,;,;,;:::;:;:;,::::;,;:;:;:::;:;:;:;';:;:;:,:;;,;:;:;:::;:;:;:::::;:::;,;,;:;:;:;::,;:;,;:;:;:::;:;:;:;:;';:;,; :1111111'111II i!IIII~!1!1! 'liil!!!!!I! !!~ilil!I!I~~!j! li1ji! Ii!!:liiilil,iiiiiil,;"""I""':::I~:ili:.';::':""" :'~!ilijlilli!lilil~jliliiIi ~111:l~llill!li,lll~;~i~1~;:m~!::~!!1~t;t:" .:I:,iimnmm;:"t. .,,:;:!~1~!mm~!:iim:i:m~im:im:m:m:i:1:i:m:mi!g~m::ii:!~!:!:iI!:i :: :!:mi!:mImmm~!i!iii!I:~m:m:!~!iii:::m!i!i:iEmmmi1I:::!mm:m~::mi!imimimim:m:mmm:m:m:!~m:m:1~mi!~i:m:mmillmH:mmm:m:m:m:i:m:!Im~m:::mIi :mmmmm:m:!m:mmmm:::mmm:mmm:immmnm:iI;...Station 4(Flshpipe)i'fj;"Figure S. Water temperature at Vernon Station during thepresence of radio taggedAtlantic salmon smolts, spring, 1995.Temp (C)5/35/45/55/65/75/85/95/105/115/125/135/145/155/165/175/185/195/205/215/22Date's-Figure 6.Atlanti(::~almonsmolt passage at Vernon Station by time of day, spring,1995.Number_r,'"_""N..---"i .i i, 'i:1:. i:PipeTube. . .Unit:".:;1. ,; 9. !10111213141516171819 202122Hour Ending, ,., ;1RI" '-----"P.. --""'-Figure7.Vernon Station discharge during the presence of radiotaggedAtlantic salmon smolts,1995., .12000, 4-May10000' .8000l.)CFS6000"- ~-'-.../ '-400020003 ' 4-~-,."","'N'~--',---------.,--..9 10, 11121314151617181920212223Hour~----'_...Figure 7. Coot.1200010000 . .8000 ..CFS600040002000"--'"""".'"'--'----"MayHour'--w-"DUnit 10. Unit 9a Unit 7mUnlt 6m Unit 4Ii Unit 3III Unit 2II Unit 1m Pipe& Tube..,.'.......' ......Figure 7. Coot.70006000 '.May50001000DUnlt 10.. Unit 9a Unit 7m Unit 6m Unit 4a Unit 3mUnit 2II Unit 1m Pipe& Tube_...., .----.-- ..,.,.,4000CFS~()O()2000Hour:!li.Figure7.Cont.12000. 10000 ..8000.....CFS600040002000. ...,",--' .,--,_........May101213141516171819 20212223Hour4 .ilJ\tf.OUnit.. Unit 9a Unit 7m Unit 6m Unit 4m Unit 3m Unit 2II Unit 1m Pipe& Tube..'. ., h,_"'U"- .Figure 7. Cont.1200010000 ,.8000CFS600040002000------,~...' ,--,.May10111213141516171819 20212223Hour;WcDUnil10III Unit 9aUnil7m Unit 6m Unit 4~ Unit 3mUnit 2III Unit 1m Pir~& Tuhe IFigure7.Cont.1200010000 ..8000t.JCFS600040002000--,--May-------1112131415 1171819 20212223Hour:~;'0 Unit 10II Unit 9a Unit 7m Unit 6m Unit 4mUnit 3m Unit 2II Unit 1m Pipe& Tube. ,... '._un'.'" ,.Figure 7. Cont.1200010000BOOOCFS600040002000 .10-May0 .10111213141516171619 20212223Hour..._n.,--_m- -,. --"-DUnil10II Unit 9SUnil 7m Unit 6~Unit 4~Unit 3m Unil 2II Unit 110Pipe& Tube.'.,. .Figure 7. Cont.12000II-May..,..100008000CFS6000200010111213141516171819 20212223Hour,----..,.;-......-....-.-........-..,OUnit 10II Unit 9e Unit 7mUnit 6EI Unit 4m Unit 3mUnil2WUnil1III Pip~~ TubeFigure7.Cont.1200010000 .BOOOCFS60004 OO()2000..~-",..", ,'.,-..,..,..' ,.12-May.------.0 -1011121314151617181920212223Hour~:m.u..,.. '"0 Unit 10II Unit 9E1 Unit 7m Unit 6~ Unit 4BUnit 3mUnil2IJUnitlm Pipe& Tube IFigure7.Cont.12000100008000---1CFS600040002000 .._._-"~ ' ,--,____~n13-May10 '111213141516171819 20212223HourIf ""DUnlt 10II Unit 9EI Unit 7m Unit 6C Unit 4m Unit 3m Unit 2II Unit 1m Pipe& Tube'O..., ..,_._m ......Figure 7. Cont.8000700060005000CF5 4000300n20001000 .- --.-"...14-MayDUnit 10.. Unit 9a Unit 7mUnit 6m Unit 4m Unit 3III Unit 2.. Unit 1m Pipe& TubeHour:Il:".:Figure 7. Cont.12000200015-May10000 .-- -_.- - .---.,. ,_h4000DUnit 10III Unit 9aUnit 7m Unit 6EI Unit 4m Unit 3m Unit 2II Unit 1m Pipe& Tube,--.--,.-----_u8000+--CFS600010111213141516171819 20212223Hour'- ."-'-'---..,--'_""' ,:f!ik"Figure 7. Cont.12000400016-May10000~_.DUnit 10II Unit 9a Unit 7mUnit 6m Unit 4mUnit 3m Unit 2II Unit 1~ ~ip~~ T~~e8000CFS50002000Hour-...- ..,.,".._0.. ...----..~.f-'Figure7.Cont.1200017-May100008000......CFS6000""""~ '-,.,4 noo2000~""~-~-""'-'-"--'-..____..mOUnit 10II Unit 9a Unit 7m Unit 6a Unit 4~ Unit 3mUnil2.. Unil1m Pipe& Tuhe--,..,.,.,.-,101213141516171819 20Hour2223~'-'-""'-Figure 7. Cont.12000CF56000--------8000DUnit 10III Unit 9a Unit 7mUnlt 6m Unit 4mUnit 3m Unit 2II Unit 1m Pipe& Tube_"'_'--0___"'-'.400020001012130 141516171819 20212223Hour.' ".:JiJ'Figure 7. Cont.1 ~OOO2000 '19-May10000DUnit 10II Unit 9a Unit 7m Unit 6mUnit 4m Unit 3m Unit 2.. Unit 1m Plpe& Tube_._n'------'8000CFS600040001012131415161719202223Hour

# Table At.



# Table A2.

Table A3.

Table A4.

Table AS.



# Table A6.

Table A7. 

# DRAFT

APPENDIX TABLES



# Listing of pertinent data for all group 1 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 9:32



# AM on 4 May at a water temperature of 11 C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..



# Listing of pertinent data for all group 2 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 9:04

AM on 6 May at a water temperature of 11.5 C. 

# ...................

Listing of pertinent data for all group 3 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 10:05

AM on 8 May at a water temperature of 11.5 C. 

# ...................

Listing of pertinent data for all group 4 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 9:40



# AM on 11 May at a water temperature of 12 C. 

# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Listing of pertinent data for all group 5 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. 

# Fishwere released at 9:10



# AM on 13 May at a water temperature of 12. 

# 5 C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 59



# Listing of pertinent data for all group 6 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 9:41



# AM on 15 May at a water temperature of 13 C. 

# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Listing of pertinent data for all radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts which passed

Bellows Falls Station and were monitored at Vernon Station 

# , spring, 1995. .. 61

# Table AI.

Table A2.



# Table A3.

Table A4.

Table AS.



# Table A6.



# Table A7. 

# APPENDIX TABLES



# Listing of pertinent data for all group 1 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 9:32



# AM on 4 May at a water temperature of 11 C. . . 

# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Listing of pertinent data for all group 2 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 9:04



# AM on 6 May at a water temperature of 11.5 C. 

# ...................

Listing of pertinent data for all group 3 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 10:05



# AM on 8 May at a water temperature of 11.5 C. 

# ...................

Listing of pertinent data for all group 4 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 9:40



# AM on 11 May at a water temperature of 12 C. 

# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Listing of pertinent data for all group 5 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 9:10



# AM on 13 May at a water temperature of 12. 

# 5 C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

# . . . . . .

Listing of pertinent data for all group 6 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts



# released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995. Fish were released at 9:41



# AM on 15 May at a water temperature of 13 C. 

# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Listing of pertinent data for all radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts which passed

Bellows Falls Station and were monitored at Vernon Station 

# , spring, 1995. 

# . .'Table AI.Listing of pertinent data for all group1 radio tagged Atlantic salmon smolts released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995.Fish were released at 9:32 AM on 4 May at a water temperature of11 C.FISHARRIVALRESIDENCYPASSAGETime toWestStationFlowUnitsTotalForebayFlowUnitsTime(mm)Date TimeApproach (d:h:m)(cfs)Operating(d:h:m)(d:h:m)Route(cfs)Operatingof Day01021965/412:13East0:02:4 I905All0:07:480:00:00Unit 1-4355All8:01 PM02041795/413:56East0:04:24~1OAll0:09:520:00:01Tube905All11:48 PM0206 2005/414:14East0:04:42450All0:09:090:00:00Unit 1~905All11:22 PM05041685/414:19Mid0:04:47450All0:07:250:00:00Pipe905All9:44 PM05051785/414:29East0:04:57450All0:07:330:00:00Unit 1-4905All10:02 PM02011765/414:31Mid0:04:59450All0:06:200:00:00UNK355All8:50 PM03011785/414:31Mid0:04:59450All0:06:230:00:00Pipe355All8:54 PM04021855/414:32East0:05:00450All0:06:460:00:59Unit 10905All9:18 PM04031755/414:32East0:05:00450All0:06:580:00:00Pipe905All9:29 PM01011785/414:33Mid' 0:05:01450All0:07:430:00:04Tube905All10: 15 PM01041785/414:33East0:05:01450All0:07:410:00:00Pipe905All10: 13 PM03061785/414:33West0:05:01450All0: 10:490:00:00Unit 1-43561 :2202051965/414:34Mid0:05:02450All0:08:440:00:00Unit 1-905All11:17 PM03041925/414:34East0:05:02450All0:07:210:00:00'Pipe905All9:54 PM03051885/414:36Mid0:05:04450All0:05:290:03:18Unit 10355All8:05 PM05031895/415:09East0:05:37905All0:09:480:08:35Unit 10515All12:57 AM02021805/415: 11East0:05:39905All0:01: 140:00:04Unit 10905All4:24 PM04051885/415:14East0:05:42905All0:01:120:00:06Unit 10905All4:25 PM01051805/415:.17Mid0:05:45905All0:06:080:01: 11Tube905All9:25 PM03031955/415:20Mid0:05:48905All0:05:140:00:01Tube355All8:34 PM05011955/415:36East0:06:04905All0:05:39' 0:00:00Pipe905All9:15 PM05021755/418:51Mid0:09:19905All1: 12:460:00:24Tube08~7:37 AM04011925/419:18Mid0:09:46905All0:02:050:00:00Unit 1-4905All9:22 PM01031755/422:42West0:13:10905All0:01 :060:00:23Unit 10905All11:48 PM0203165 NoData0404188 NoData'1';Table A2.Listing of pertinent data for all group 2 radio tagged Atlantic salmonsmolts released for the Vernon Station study. spring. 1995.Fish were released at 9:04 AM on 6 May at a water temperature of 11.5 C.FISHARRIVALRESIDENCYPASSAGETime toWestStationFlowUnitsTotalForebayFlowUnitsTime(mm)DateTime Approach(d:h:rn)(cfs)Operating(d:h:m)(d:h:m)Route(cfs)Operatingof Day07031745/612:52East0:03:483056~ 10I :0 1:260: oo: ooUnit 1-4945All2: 18 PM07011755/612:53Mid0:03:493052:05:36O:()(): 13Tube5256:29 PM09051825/612:57East0:03:533050: 14:290:()():34Tube9653:25 AM06041855/612:58East0:03:543051:22: 120:()():45Unit 10535All11:09 AM08011625/615:08East0:06:040800:oo:32O:oo:O ITube0803:39 PM10021855/616:17Mid0:07: 130500:05: 13o:oo:ooPipe1209:30 PM09041955/619:26East0: 10:220800:02:09O:oo:ooPipe1209:35 PM06011725/620:51East0: 11 :47050NONE08041855/620:56East0: 11:520500:()():35O:()():OOUnit 1-1209:30 PM09021755/621:06Mid0: 12:021200:()():40O:()():OOUnit 1-41203,4,9:45 PMt.J\07041755/621:07East0: 12:031200:oo:300:00: IITube1209:36 PM08021855/621:23East0: 12: 1912010 .0:02:31O:()():()()Unit 1-0803,4,11:54 PM10041625/621:30East0:12:261200:()():200:()():02Unit 101209:50 PM09011805/621:37East0: 12:331202:16:01O:oo:OOUNK105All1 :3707051705/621:40Mid0: 12:361200:()():280:()():05Tube05010:08 PM08062015/622:05East0: 13:010500:23:23O:()():OOUNK495All9:28 PMloo11685/622:13East0: 13:090500:oo:220:00:03Tube05010:35 PM06051825/623:03East0: 13:590800:21 :560: 11 :00Tube9,495All8:59 PM06021675/623:08East0: 14:040802:07:420:00: 17Tube9806:49 AMoo51755/623:09East0: 14:050800: 10:520:00:00Pipe905All10:01 AMoo31655/72:15East0: 17: 110501:17:19O:oo:ooPipe1157:34 PM09031665/72:24Mid0: 17:200501:13:240:00:00Pipe115All3:47 PM06031705/77:23East0:22: 19770I: 18:580:00:0 ITube0752:21 AM08032 ()()5/712:41East1:03:37585All0:23:250:00: IIUnit 1-4425All12:06 PM07021855/718:44West1 :09:40525All2:06:100:00:38Tube72512:53 AM"",. ....-... ~,-'-TableA3.Listing of pertinent data for all group 3 radio tagged Atlanticsalmon smolts released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995.Fish were released at 10:05 AM on 8 May at a water temperature of1 1.5 C.FISHARRIVALRESIDENCYPASSAGETime toWestStationFlowUnitsTotalForebayFlowUnitsTimeDateTime Approach(d:h:m)(cfs)Operating(d:h:m)(d:h:m)Routeeratinof Da08111685/816:36West0:06:31535All0:02:390:00:00Unit 1-1157: 14 PM09071805/816:37Mid0:06:32535All0:01:07. 0:00:00Pipe1155:43 PM10091785/817:23West0:07:181151 :04:410:01: 13Tube03010:04 PM0808172.5/817:33Mid0:07:281150: 19: 150:03:39Pipe705All12:48 PM08071685/817:58East0:07:531150:02:450:00:01Tube015All8:42 PM06101735/819:19East0:09: 141150:01:400:00:00Unit 1-015All8:59 PM09081945/819:50Mid0:09:451150: 17:480:00:50Unit 10105All1 :3810081955/819:51Mid0:09:461150:00:550:00:02Tube015All8:46 PM08092035/819:52Mid0:09:471150:01:570:00:00UNK950All9:49 PM06071835/819:54Mid0:09:491150:01: 100:00:00Unit 1-950All9:04 PM07092085/819:54Mid0:09:491150:03: II0:00: 15Pipe75011:04 PM-....I08101735/819:54Mid0:09:491151:06:230:00: 11Tube1002: 17 AM07061905/819:55East0:09:50, 1150:01:140:00:02Tube.950All9:09 PM10071905/819:55Mid0:09:501150:0 I: II0:00:01Unit 10950All9:05 PM10101975/819:55Mid0:09:501150:00:560:00:00Unit 1-015All8:51 PM06091815/819:56East0:09:511150:00:570:00:03Tube015All8:52 PM09061775/820:06Mid0: 10:01015All0:00:39 '0:00:05Tube015All8:44 PM06081825/821:24West0:11:19950All0: 13:520:00:00Pipe970All11:16 AM10061955/821:39East0: 11 :34950All0:00: 100:00:00Pipe950'All9:49 PM07081745190:27Mid0: 14:224101:19:33I :06:35Unit 106308:00 PM09101675192:53West0:16:480750:05:300:00:06Tube495All8:23 AM06061725/95:31East0: 19:260:70Stationary at Spillway07071725199:35West0:23:30495All0:12:320:00:07Unit 1003010:06 PM09091725/910:21East1 :00: 1610,230All0:11:13 .0:00:05Tube900All9:33 PM0710165No DataTable A4.Listing of pertinent data for all group 4 radio tagged Atlantic salmonsmolts released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995.Fish were released at 9:40 AM on IIMay at a water temperature of12 C.FISHARRlV ALRESIDENCYPASSAGETime toWestStationFlowUnitsTotalForebayFlowUnitsTime(mm)DateTime Approach(d:h:m). (cfs)Operating(d:h:m)(d:h:mLRoute(cfs)Operatingof Day14021855/1113:53West0:04:13, 110All0:06:450:00: 13Tube8508:37 PM14041865/1114:46East0:05:06030All0:01:060:00:00Pipe945All3:51 PM13021795/1115:06East0:05:26945AllNONE11051805/1115:20Mid0:05:40945All0:01: 110:00:36Tube8754:30 PM11011835/1115:21Mid0:05:41945All0:04:020:00:00Pipe4907:23 PM15021955/1115:25East0:05:45945All0:01:330:00:00Pipe8754:57 PM15031905/1115:25East0:05:45945All0: 14:460:00:45Tube3556: 11 AM14051955/1115:26East0:05:46945All0:01:32O:OO:QOPipe8754:57 PM15041825/1115:26East0:05:46945All0:03:570:00:00Pipe4907:23 PM12051905/1115:28East0:05:48945All0:03:420:00:00Pipe4907:10 PM14031805/1115:28East0:05:48945AllNONE12021755/1115:48Mid0:06:08945All0:17:360:02:14Unit 10220All9:23 AM15012005/1115:56Mid0:06: 16945All0: 15:540:00:32Unit 103707:50 AM15051835/1116:14Mid0:06:348750:00:560:00:Unit8755:10 PM11021785/1116:30East0:06:50875, 100: 10:070:00:06Tube3552:37 AM13051905/1119:22Mid0:09:424900:08: 190:00:02Tube3903:41 AM12031905/1119:41West0: 10:01490Stationary Upstream12041945/1119:57West0: 10: 174900:02:390:00: 14Tube44010:36 PM14011815/1122:52East0: 13: 124400:01 :060:00:07Unit 1039511:57 PM13011815/126:21West0:20:413550:00:580:00: 18Tube3707:19 AM11041785/127:03Mid0:21:233700: 12:540:09:06Tube9107:56 PM11031865/128:10Mid0:22:3010,030All0:01:140:00:24Tube220All9:24 AM13031865/129:24West0:23:4410,220All1: 11 :270:04:20Tube4958:50 PM12011785/129:30West0:23:50220All0:02:210:00:00Pipe015All11:51 AM13041805/1210:20East1 :00:40095All0:05:230:05:04Unit 10790All3:43 PM-,~,~-'"""""--"Table A5.Listing of pertinent data for all group 5 radio tagged Atlanticsalmon smolts released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995.Fish were released at 9: 10 AM on 13 May at a water temperature of 12.5 C.FISHARRIV ALRESIDENCYPASSAGETime toWestStationFlowUnitsTotalForebayFlowUnitsTime(mm)DateTime Approach(d:h:m)(cfs)Operating(d:h:m)(d:h:m)Route(crs)Operatingof Day16041905/1313:26East0:04: 168,4850: 13:550:00:02Unit 107253:20 AM16051865/1313:32East0:04:224850:01:550:01:31Unit 105353:27 PM19041865/1313:36East0:04:264850:06:440:00:09Pipe4958:20 PM19021805/1313:37East0:04:274850:07: 150:02: 19Tube4958:51 PM19031855/1313:45East0:04:358,485UNK11021855/1313:46East0:04:364850:04:530:00:05Unit 10.1956:39 PM200 I1865/1313:48East0:04:384851:00:500:00:00Pipe4002:37 PM20031855/1313:48East0:04:384850: 17:470:00:00Pipe7857:34 AM19051895/1313:49East0:04:39485Stationary in Spillway Area16031785/1316:28Mid0:07: 182050:03:550:01 :33Pipe4958:23 PM17051895/1316:35East0:07:252050:02: 160:00:01Unit 101956:51 PM18011865/1316:36East0:07:262050:03:400:0 1:26Tube4958:16 PM18021985/1316:36Mid0:07:262050:03:410:01 :27Unit 104958:16 PM16021905/1316:37Mid0:07 :272050:03:490:01 :35Unit 102,4958:25 PM18041845/1316:38Mid0:07:282050:04:060:01 :43Tube4958:43 PM18051805/1316:38Mid0:07:282050:09:050:06:51Tube825I :43 AM20041945/1316:39Mid0:07:292050:04: 110:02:00Unit 104958:50 PM20051855/1316:39East0:07:292059, 100:07:420:05:31Tube82512:20 AM17031895/1316:40Mid0:07:302050:09: 100:07:00Tube8251:49 AM20021875/1316:42Mid0:07:322050:05:030:02:55Tube5109:45 PM18032015/1319:21Mid0: 10: 115901:01:460:00:01Unit 109459:07 PM17011905/1320:41Mid0: 11 :314952:22:300:01 :48Unit 10540 .All7:11 PM11041905/1322:11East0:13:07,2,4950:00:210:00:03Tube49510:37 PM1601173No Data1901187No Data"'"-~" '..,_..., ...,--Table A6.Listing of pertinent data for all group 6 radio tagged Atlantic salmonsmolts released for the Vernon Station study, spring, 1995.Fish were released at 9:41 AM on15 May at a water temperature of J3 C.FISHARRIVALRESIDENCYPASSAGETime toWestStationFlowUnitsTotalForebayFlowUnitsTime(mmtDateTime Approach(d:h:m)(cfs)Operating(d:h:m)(d:h:m)Route(cfs)Operatingof Day14122005/1512:56Mid0:03: 15695All0: 11 :530: 11 :21Tube21012:49 AM11692045/1513:54West0:04:13110AllStationary Upstream13121955/1514:06Mid0:04:25525All0:06: 180:05:05Tube8158:23 PM14111785/1517:27West0:07:462550;09:560:09:25Unit 102703:23 AM13131855/1517:44Mid0:08:032550:06: 170:00:01Unit 1027012:01 AM15141905/1518: 16East0:08:357300:03:450:00:00Unit 1-429010:01 PM15131955/1520:22Mid0: 10:418150:01:470:00:00Pipe29010:09 PM15111855/1523:19Mid0: 13:383050:01:240:00:00Unit 1-421012:42 AM12071955/162:40Mid0: 16:592700:09:200:05:52Unit 1060012:00 PM13141905/164:25Mid0: 18:441650:20: 130:04:47Tube76512:38 AM15151755/168:23West0:22:428050: 15:050:00:00Pipe540All11:21 PM14152205/1612:03East:02:22105:00:460: 15:37Tube810All12:49 PM15121815/1615:12East:05:31110All0:07:230:00:03Unit 10495All10:34 PM1414208Entrained at Vermont Yankee1315185No Data1413200No Data"---.,"" .,'m"Table A 7LIstingofpertinent data for all radio tagged Atlantic salmon smoIts whichpassed Bellows Falls Station and were monitored at Vernon Stationspring, 1995.FISHPASSED BELLOWSARRIV ALRESIDENCYPASSAGETime toWestWaterStationFlowUnitsTotalForebayFlowUnitsTime(nun)DateTime Temp(C)DateTimeApproach(d:h:m)(cfs)Operating(d:h:m)(d:h:m)Routecfseratinof03072185/311:5710.5/82:52East4: 14:55045NONE04071855/311:5810.51511:35Mid:i3:37465NONE05082045/311:5810.5163:53Mid2: 15:550851:12:370:00:00Pipe10,005All4:3005111865/312:0510.5/719:18East4:07:13495All1:20:540:00:00Pipe5154: 11 PM01091945/312:0710.51620:56East3:08:490500:00:390:00:00Pipe1209:35 PM02091855/312: 1110.51613:14East3:01 :031203:07:050: 12:48Tube900All8: 18 PM02071905/312:5410.5169:19Mid2:20:253300:08:370:00:02Tube1205:56 PM041121051316:2810.51620:54East3:04:260500:03: 100:00:23Tube98012:03 AM02082085/318:0410.5168:35Mid2: 14:311500:06:590:06:30Tube0803:33 PM01111845/320:4110.5/611:37Mid2: 14:567200:11:530:00:07Tube08011:29 PM011421051510:455/719: 17Mid2:08:32495All0:01:330:00:00Unit 1-4495All8:49 PM021317051511:1311.051623:31East1: 12: 180800:06:380:00:21Tube0456:09 AM011317551511:1711.05/719:15Mid2:07:58495All1: 16:300: 14:04Pipe970All11:44 AM0030219251511:2311.05/716:21East2:05:04005All1: 16:500:01 :46Unit 10495All9: 17 AM....051511951511:2911.05/80:25East2: 12:56100NONE061319851511:4011.05/82:24East2:14:440451:17:570:00:20Pipe900All8:20 PM021217251511:4311.05/719:18East2:07:35495All1:20:230:00:00Pipe9903:41 PM031318051511:4311.05/121:45East2: 10:02495All0:09:080:07:01Tube445All8:53 AM021417251511:4311.05/723:30East2: 11 :477500:23:240:00:29Tube61010:54 PM031220551511:4311.5198:43Mid3:21:00495All0: 11 :370:00:00Pipe900All8:20 PM011217851512:4011.5/723:15East2:10:357500: 19: 110:07: 15Unit 105256:25 PM0115'18251513:1211.05/714:40Mid2:01:28945All2:05:390:00:00Pipe900All8:18 PM031518051513:4011.05/721:39Mid2:07:59495All0: 13:340:01:39Unit 10535All11:12 AM11111855/1012:2112.5/1216:04East2:03:4310,260All0:04: 150:02:21Tube4008:18 PM08141985/1012:2312.5/1315:09Mid3:02:46538 1,0:00:370:00:04Unit535 13:45 PM11082005/1211:5712.5/1510:35West2:22:38110All0:02:280:00:01Tube10,110All1:02 PM14101885/1212:0212.5/158:40West2:20:38905AllNONE12141845/1212:0212.5/1616:31Mid4:04:29495All0:00:280:00:01Unit 10495All4:58 PM11071885/1212:0312.5/1422:12West2: 10:099703,4,0:01:310:00:03Tube94511:43 PM11091885/1212:2912.5/1418:59West2:06:303800:01:360:00:13Unit 103158:35 PM12091855/1212:4312.5/1511:31Mid,2:22:48540All0:09:080:00:00Pipe815 1,8:39 PM12101885/13.3:4012.5/1811:02Mid5:07:2210,185All0:08:590:00:00Pipe570All8:01 PM~__H -'-'_._.,."""Table A 7Coot.FISHPASSED BELLOWSARRIVALRESIDENCYPASSAGETime toWestWaterStationFlowUnilsTotalForebayFlowUnitsTime(mm)DateTime Temp(C)DateTimeApproach(d:h:m)(eCs)Operating(d:h:m)(d:h:m)RouteeCsratinof Da18091905/1415:0913.55/1614:48Mid1 :23:39125All0:05: 180:01:42Unit 10 10,110All8:05 PM16062005/1415:1113.5/186:50West3: 15:39715All0:06:360:01:21Tube240All1:26 PM16071955/1415: 1513.5/1614:48Mid1 :23:33125All0:05:230:02:10Tube110All8: 10 PM17091785/1415:2213.5/1610:10Mid1:18:48090 1,0:09:360:00:06Unit 10540All7:46 PM20091915/1415:2213.5/1722:10East3:06:48905All0:21:250:00:00Pipe005All7:34 PM20102105/1416:0213.5/1616:54East2:00:52495. All0:01:300:00:21Unit 10480All6:24 PM18082075/1420:0813.5/1616:35East1:20:27495All0:03:560:02:53Tube10,110All8:31 PM17071805/160:2813.5/1722:14Mid1:21:46905All0: 14:390:00:05Unit 10715All12:53 PM19132035/1610:2413.5/186:50West1 :20:26715All0:14:260:09:12Tube030All9:16 PM20121885/1610:2513.5/1723:53Mid1:13:2810,175All0:00:260:00:01Unit 10250All12:18 AM16131985/1610:2513.5/187:12East1 :20:47715All0:04:220:00:07Tube10,185All11:33 AM16151905/1610:2613.51195:34West2: 19:08120All0:05:340:02: 14Tube945All11:08 AM.. 18302055/1610:2813.5/1815:09Mid2:04:41225All0:02:040:00:07Tube10,570All5:13 PM17121865/1610:2813.51194:36Mid2:18:0810,005All0:17:230: 12:59Tube905All8:59 PM~8131825/1610:3013.5/1819:58Mid2:09:28005All0:01:050:00:01Tube10,030All9:03 PM~6141865/1610:5513.511717:00West1:06:05905All0:03: 160:01:22Tube10,180All8:15 PM1711187511610:5513.5/186:30Mid1:19:35715All0:09: 190:00: 11Tube225All3:48 PM16121915/1610:5513.5/191:10West2:14:1510,560All0:00:470:00:08Unit 910,560All1:57 AM19111925/1613:5113.5/1816:44East2:02:53450All0:04:260:00:00Pipe10,030All9:10 PM--'"'----'--.".---'.. .. 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