DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 355

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

FOR THE YEAE ENDING SEPTEMBEP *» n

1913

PART?. HUDSON BAI BASKS AND UPPER 

MISSISSIPPI EIVEE

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer

W. A. LAMB and W. G. HOYT, District Engineers

Prepared in cooperation with the States of 

Minnesota and Iowa

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1915
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 355

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OP THE 

UNITED STATES

FOR THE YEAR ENDING SEPTEMBER 30

1913

PART V. HUDSON BAI BASINS AND UPPER 

MISSISSIPPI RIVER

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer

W. A. LAMB and W. G. HOYT, District Engineers

Prepared in cooperation with the States of 

Minnesota and Iowa

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1915
. CONTENTS.

Authorization and scope of work........................................... 5

Publications.............................................................. 6

Definition of terms......................................................... 9

Convenient equivalents.................................................... 10

Explanation of data........................................................ 13

Accuracy of field data and computed results................................ 15

Cooperation.............................................................. 16

Division of work.......................................................... 16

Station records............................................................ 17

Hudson Bay drainage area in the United States.......................... 17

St. Mary River near Babb, Mont.................................... 17

St. Mary River below Swiftcurrent Creek, at Babb, Mont............ 20

St. Mary River at Kimball, Alberta................................. 24

Swiftcurrent Creek at McDermott Lake, Mont........................ 26

Swiftcurrent Creek at Sherburne Lake, Mont........................ 28

Ottertail River near Fergus Falls, Minn................:........... 30

Red River at Fargo, N. Dak....................................... 33

Red River at Grand Forks, N. Dak................................. 35

Wild Rice River at Twin Valley, Minn.............................. 38

Red Lake River at Thief River Falls, Minn.......................... 40

Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn................................ 42

Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn............................ 45

Clearwater River at Red Lake Falls, Minn.......................... 48

South Branch of Two Rivers at Hallock, Minn....................... 51

Pembina River at Neche, N. Dak................................... 54

West Branch of Roseau River near Malung, Minn.................... 56

Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak...................................... 59

Evaporation at University, N. Dak.................................. 61

Rainy Lake at Ranier, Minn........................................ 62

Rainy River at International Falls, Minn........................... 63

Vermilion River below Lake Vermilion,.Minn...................... 66

Little Fork River at Little Fork, Minn............................. 68

Upper Mississippi River drainage basin................................. 70

Mississippi River above Sandy River, near Libby, Minn....'......... 70

Mississippi River at Anoka, Minn................................... 71

Mississippi River at St. Paul, Minn................................ 74

Sandy River below Sandy Lake reservoir, Minn...................... 77

Pine River below Pine River reservoir, Minn........................ 78

Grow Wing River at Nimrod, Minn................................. 80

Grow Wing River at Motley, Minn................................. 81

Crow Wing River at Pillager, Minn................................ 83

Long Prairie River near Motley, Minn.............................. 85

Sauk River near St. Cloud, Minn.................................. 87

Elk River near Big Lake, Minn..................................... 8!)

3
4 CONTENTS.

Station records Continued.

Upper Mississippi Eiver drainage basin Continued. Page.

Crow River at Rockford, Minn...................................... 92

Rum River at Cambridge, Minn................................... 94

Minnesota River near Montevideo, Minn............................ 96

Minnesota River near Mankato, Minn.............................. 98

Lac Qui Parle River at Lac Qui Parle, Minn......................... 101

Chippewa Biver near Watson, Minn................................. 103

Bedwood Biver near Bedwood Falls, Minn.......................... 105

Cottonwood Biver near New Ulm, Minn............................ 107

St. Croix Biver near St. Croix Falls, Wis............................. 109

Kettle Biver near Sandstone, Minn.................................. Ill

Snake Biver at Mora, Minn......................................... 112

Snake Biver near Pine City, Minn................................. 114

Cannon Biver at Welch, Minn................!.................... 115

Chippewa Biver at Chippewa Falls, Wis........................... t . 118

Bed Cedar Biver at Cedar Falls, Wis................................ 138

Red Cedar River at Menominee, Wis.............................. 138

Zumbro Biver at Zumbro Falls, Minn.............................. - 140

South Branch of Zumbro Biver near Zumbro Falls, Minn.............. 142

Boot Biver near Houston, Minn..................................... 145

North Branch of Boot Biver near Lanesboro, Minn.................. 147

Upper Iowa Biver near Decorah, Iowa............................... 149

Wisconsin Biver near Bhinelander, Wis............................. 150

Wisconsin "Biver at Merrill, Wis..................................... 154

Wisconsin Biver near Necedah, Wis................................. 159

Turkey Biver at Garber, Iowa .................. t .................. 161

Maquoketa Biver above mouth of North Fork of Maquoketa Biver

near Maquoketa, Iowa............................................ 161

Maquoketa Biver below mouth of North Fork of Maquoketa Biver

near Maquoketa, Iowa............................................ 162

Wapsipinicon Biver at Stone City, Iowa............................. 163

Iowa Biver near Iowa Falls, Iowa................................... 164

Cedar Biver near Austin, Minn..................................... 165

Cedar Biver at Cedar Bapids, Iowa................................. 168

Des Moines Biver at Jackson, Minn................................. 169

Des Moines Biver at Fort Dodge, Iowa................................ 171

Des Moines Biver at Keosauqua, Iowa.............................. 173

Miscellaneous measurements................................................ 176

Index.................................................................... 179

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Page. 

PLATE I. A, Price current meter; B, Typical gaging stations............... 14

II. Automatic gages; A, Stevens; B, Gurley; C, Friez................ 15
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF HUDSON BAY BASINS AND 

UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER FOR THE YEAR ENDING 

SEPTEMBER 30, 1913.

AUTHORIZATION AND SCOPE OF WORK.

This volume is one of a series of twelve reports presenting results 

of measurements of flow made on streams in the United States during 1913. Six of the reports for 1913 contain data for the year 

ending September 30, and the other six for the calendar year, as 

indicated in the table on page 6.

The data presented in these reports were collected by the United 

States Geological Survey under authority implied in the organic 

law (20 Stat. L., p. 394), which contains the following paragraph:

Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the geological 

survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of the national domain.

The work was begun in 1888 in connection with special studies of 

water supply for irrigation. Since the fiscal year ending June 30, 

1895, successive sundry civil bills passed by Congress have carried 

the following item and appropriations:

For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, 

and for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, and for the 

preparation of reports upon the best methods of utilizing the water resources.

Annual appropriations for the fiscal years ending June SO, 1895-1914.

1895......................................................... $12,500

1896......................................................... 20,000

1897 to 1900, inclusive....................................... 50,000

1901 to 1902, inclusive....................................... 100,000

1903 to 1906, inclusive........................................ 200,000

1907......................................................... 150,000

1908 to 1910,inclusive....................................... 100,000

1911 to 1914, inclusive....................................... 150,000

In the execution of the work many private and State organizations 

have cooperated, either by furnishing data or by assisting in collecting 

data. Acknowledgments for cooperation of the first kind are made 

in connection with the description of each station affected, and of 

the second kind on page 16.

5
SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PAKT.V.

Measurements of stream flow have been made at about 3,000 points 

in the United States, and also at many points in small areas in 

Seward Peninsula and the Yukon-Tanana region, Alaska, and in the 

Hawaiian Islands. In July, 1913, 1,388 gaging stations were being 

maintained by the Survey and the cooperating organizations in the 

United States, and many miscellaneous discharge measurements 

were made at other points. In connection with this work data were 

also collected in regard to precipitation, evaporation, storage reservoirs, river profiles, and water power in many sections of the country 

and will be made available in the regular water-supply papers from 

time to time. .

PUBLICATIONS.

A report has been prepared for each year embodying the streamflow data collected during that year. An index to the reports containing stream-flow measurements prior to 1904 has been published 

as Water-Supply Paper 119. Circulars are also available giving 

complete lists of the gaging stations maintained by the Survey to 

date, and a list of the reports relating to the water supply of the 

country.

Prior to 1901 gage heights and discharge measurements were 

published in water-supply papers or bulletins and estimates of 

monthly discharge in annual reports; since 1901 both classes of 

data have been published in water-supply papers, and they are now 

being published in 12 parts, as shown in the following table:

Papers on surface water supply of the United States, 1913.

Tart.

I

II

III

IV

V

VI

VII

VIII

IX

X

XI

XII

No.

351

352

353

354

355

356

357

35S

359

360

361

362

Title.

North Pacific coast basins .........................................

Year used.

Do.

Year ending Sept. 30.

Do.

Do.

Do.
A list of reports containing stream-flow data is presented in the 

following table:

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey. 

[A=Annual Report; B Bulletin; WS=Water-Supply Paper.]

Report.

lOthA, pt.2. ....'.....

llth A,pt.2. .........

12th A, pt.2. .........

13th A, pt. 3.... ......

14th A, pt.2. .........

B131.. ................

16th A. pt.2. .........

B140... ...............

WS 11.... .............

18th A, pt.4. .........

WS15...... ...........

WS16.................

19th A, pt.4. .........

WS27.... .............

WS28...... ...........

20th A, pt.4. .........

WS35 to 39. ..........

WS47to52. ..........

22dA, pt.4.. .........

WS65,66.............

WS75.................

WS82 to 85. ..........

WS97 to 100. .........

WS 124 to 135. ........

WS 165 to!78. ........

WS201 to 214. ........

WS241to252. ........

WS261to272. ........

WS281to292. ........

WS301to312. ........

WS 321 to 3320........

WS351 to 362o.. ......

Character of data.

.....do..........................................................

Descriptions, measurements, gageheigbts, ratings, and monthly 

discharge (also many data covering earlier years).

Descriptions, measurements, ratings, and monthly discharge 

(also similar data for some earlier years). 

Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights for eastern United 

States, eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River above 

junction with Kansas. 

Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights for western Mississippi River below junction of Missouri and Platte, and western 

United States. 

Descriptions, measurements, ratings, and monthly discharge 

(also some long-time records). 

Measurements, ratings, and gage heights for eastern United 

States, eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River. 

Measurements, ratings, and gage heights for Arkansas River and 

western United States.

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do....... ...................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

Year.

1884 to Sept., 

1890. 

1884 to June 30, 

1891. 

1884 to Dec. 31, 

1892. 

1888 to Dec. 31, 

1893. 

1893 and 1894.

1895.

1896. 

1895 and 1896,

1897. 

1897.

1897. 

1898. 

1898.

1898. 

1899. 

1899. 

1900. 

1900. 

1901. 

1901. 

1902. 

1903. 

1904. 

1905. 

1906. 

1907-8. 

1909. 1910. ' 

1911. 

1912. 

1913.

o In preparation. 

NOTE. No data regarding stream flow are given in the 15th and 17th annual reports.

The table on page 8 gives, by years and drainage basins, the 

numbers of the papers on surface-water supply published from 1899 

to 1913. The data for any particular station will be found in the 

reports covering the years during which the station was maintained. 

For example, data for any station in the area covered by Part I are 

published in Water-Supply Papers 97, 124, 165, 201, 241, 261, 281, 

301, 321, and 351, which contain records for the New England streams 

from 1903 to 1913. The year covered by the report is indicated at 

the head of the column in which the paper is listed.
Numbers of water-supply papers containing results of stream 

South. Atlantic and eastern

St. Lawrence River and

Hudson Bay and Upper MisLower Mississippi Elver..... 

Western Gulf of Mexico .....

Great Basin. ................

1899<»

35

035,36 

36

36

36 

*36,37

37 

37 

o37,38

38, 1 39 

38,«39

38

1900 &

47, c 48

48 

48, » 49

49

49 

49, m 50

50 

50 

50

51 

51 

51

1901

65,75

65,75 

65,75

65,75

;65,66,75 

66,75

#5,66,75. 

66,75 

66,75

66,75 

66,75 

66,75

1902*

82

082,83 

83

* 82,83

J83,S5

84

^83,84 

84

85

85

85 

85

1903

97

097,98 

98

97

i 98, 99,* 100 

99

^98,99 

99 

100

100 

100 

100

1904

1 d 124, e 125 

1 /126

/ 126, 127

128

129

j 128, 130 

130, « 131

j 128, 131 

132 

133

133,rl34 

134 

135

1905

d 165, « 

/1

/ 167

/169,

175, P 

176,1-

177

 a Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 35-39 contained inWater-Supply 

Paper 39.

6 Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 47-52 and data on precipitation, 

wells, and irrigation in California and Utah contained in Water-Supply Paper 52.

c Wissahickon and SchuyUdll rivers to James River.

i* New England rivers only.

t Hudson River to Delaware River, inclusive.

/ Susquehanna River to Yadkin River, inclusive.

g James River only.

ft Scioto River.

i Lake Ontario and tributaries to St. Lawrence River proper.

/ Tributaries of Mississippi from east.

* Hudson Bay only.

l Gallatin Riv

M» Loup and P

with Platte.

n Platte and K

o Green and G

V Below junct

? Mohave Riv

r Great Basin 

* Kings and K

* Rogue, Ump

»In three pa

Snake River basin
DEFINITION OH1 TEEMS. 9

Water-supply papers and other publications of the United States 

Geological Survey containing data in regard to the water resources 

of the United States may be obtained or consulted as indicated 

below:

1. Copies may be obtained free of charge by applying to the 

Director of the Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. The edition 

printed for free distribution is, however, small and is soon exhausted.

2. Copies may be purchased at nominal cost from the Superintendent of Documents', Government Printing Office, Washington, 

D. C., who will on application furnish lists giving prices.

3. Sets of the reporjts may be consulted in the libraries of the 

principal cities of the Ufnited States.

4. Complete sets are available for consultation in the local offices 

of the water-resources tyranch of the Geological Survey, as follows:

Albany, N. Y., Room 19, Federal Building.

Atlanta, Ga., Post Office) Building.

St. Paul, Minn., Old Caj>itol Building.

Madison, Wis., Capitol EJuilding.

Helena, Mont., Montana!National Bank Building.

Denver, Colo., 302 Chaniber of Commerce Building.

Salt Lake City, Utah, Federal Building

Boise, Idaho, 615 Idaho JBuilding.

Phoenix, Ariz., 417 Flenjung Building.

Portland, Oreg., 416 Couich Building.

Tacoma, Wash., Federal!Building,

San Francisco, Gal., 328 Customhouse.

Los Angeles, Cal., Federal Building.

Santa Fe, N. Mex., Capijtol Building.

Honolulu, Hawaii, Kapitdani Building.

A list of the Geological Survey's publications will be sent on application to the Directoj- of the United States Geological Survey, 

Washington, D. C.

DEFINITION OF TERMS.

The volume of water! flowing in a stream the "run-off" or "discharge" is expressed in various terms, each of which has become 

associated with a certaiji class of work. These terms may be divided 

into two groups (1) those which represent a rate of flow, as secondfeet, gallons per minut^, miner's inches, and discharge in second-feet 

per square mile, and (i5) those which represent the actual quantity 

of water, as run-off (depth in inches), acre-feet, and millions of

cubic feet. The units used in this series of reports are second-feet,

second-feet per square mile, run-off in inches, acre-foot, and millions 

of cubic feet. They mny be defined as follows:

"Second-foot" is an abbreviation for "cubic foot per second" and 

is a unit for the rate o]f discharge of water flowing in a stream. A 

second-foot is the rate bf discharge of water flowing in a channel of
10 SURFACE SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

rectangular cross-section 1 foot wide and 1 foot deep at an average 

velocity of 1 foot a second. It is generally used as a fundamental 

unit from which others are computed by the use of the factors given 

in the tables of convenient equivalents (p. 11).

"Second-feet per square mile" is the average number of cubic feet 

of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, 

computed on the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly 

both as regards time and area.

"Run-off (depth in inches)" is the depth to which an area would 

be covered if all the water flowing from it in a given period were 

uniformly distributed on the surface. It is used for comparing runoff with rainfall, which is usually expressed in depth in inches.

An "acre-foot" is equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet, and is the quantity required to cover an acre to the depth of 1 foot. The term is 

commonly used in connection with storage for irrigation.

"Millions of cubic feet" is applied to quantities of water stored 

in reservoirs, and is most frequently used in studies of flood control.

Certain terms not in common use may be defined as follows:

"Control," "controlling section," and "point of control" are used 

to designate the cross section of the stream below the gage which 

controls or regulates the height of the water surface at the gage. 

The control may not be the same cross section at all stages.

"Discharge relation" equals "relation of gage height to discharge."

The "point of zero flow" is the stage or gage height at which the 

stream ceases to flow.

CONVENIENT EQUIVALENTS.

The following is a list of convenient equivalents for use in hydraulic 

computations:

Table for converting velocity in feet per second into velocity in miles per hour.

[1 foot per second=0.681818 mile per hour, or very nearly § mile per hour. 1 mile per hour= 1.4667 feet 

per second, or very nearly 1J feet per second. In computing the table the values 0.68182 and 1.4667 were 

used.]

Units.

0... .

1.. .

2.. .

3.. .

4.. .

5.. .

6.. .

7.. .

8.....

9.....

Tenths.

0

0.000

.682

1.36

2.05

2.73

3.41

4.09

4.77

5.45

6.14

1

0.068

.750

1.43

2.11

2.80

3.48

4.16

4.84

5.52

6.20

2

0.136

.818

1.50

2.18

2.86

3.55

4.23

4.91

5.59

6.27

3

0.205

.886

1.57

2.25

2.93

3.61

4.30

4.98

5.66

6.34

4

0.273

.955

1.64

2.32

3.00

3.68

4.36

5.05

5.73

6.41

5

0.341

1.02

1.70

2.39

' 3.07

3.75

4.43

5.11

5.80

6.48

6

0.409

1.09

1.77

2.45

3.14

3.82

4.50

5.18

5.86

6.55

7

0.477

1.16

1.84

2.52

3.20

3.89

4.57

5.25

5.93

6.61

8

0.545

1.23

1.91

2.59

3.27

3.95

4.64

5.32

6.00

6.68

9

0.614

1.30

1.98

2.66

3.34

4.02

4.70

5.39

6.07

6.75
StJRFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1913, PART V. 11

Table for converting discharge in second-feet per square mile into run-off in depth in inches

over the area.

Discharge 

in secondfeet per 

square mile.

1. ........

2.........

3.........

4.........

5.........

6.........

7.........

8.........

9.........

Run-off in inches.

Iday.

0.03719 

.07438 

. 11157

. 14876 

. 18595 

.22314 

.26033 

.29752 

.33471

28 days.

1.041 

2.083 

3.124 

4.165 

5.207 

6.248 

7.289 

8.331 

9.372

29 days.

1.079 

2.157 

3.236 

4.314 

5.393 

6.471 

7.550 

8.628 

9.707

30 days.

1.116 

2.231 

3.347 

4.463 

5.578 

6.694 

7.810 

8.926 

10.041

31 days.

1.153 

2.306 

3.459 

4.612 

5.764 

6.917 

8.070 

0.223 

10.376

NOTE. For part of a month multiply the values for one day by the number of days.

Table for converting discharge in second-feet into run-off in acre-feet.

Discharge 

in secondfeet.

1. ........

2.........

3.........

4.........

5.........

6.........

7.........

8.........

9.........

Run-off in acre-feet.

1 day.

1.983 

3.967 

5.950 

7.934 

9.917 

11.90 

13.88 

15.87 

17.85

28 days.

55.54 

111.1 

166.6 

222.1 

277,7 

333.2 

388.8 

444.3 

499.8

29 days.

57.52 

115.0 

172.6 

230.1 

287.6 

345.1 

402.6 

460.2 

517.7

30 days.

59.50 

119.0 

178.5 

238.0 

297.5 

357.0 

416.5 

476.0 

535.5

31 days.

61.49 

123.0 

184.5 

246.0 

307.4 

368.9 

430.4 

491.9 

553.4

NOTE. For part of a month multiply values for one day by the number of days.

Table for converting discharge in second-feet into run-off in millions of gallons.

Discharge 

in secondfeet.

1. ........

2.........

3.........

4.........

5.........

6.........

7.........

8.........

g

Run-off in millions of gallons.

1 day.

0.6463 

1.293 

1.939

2.585 

3.232 

3.878 

4.524 

5.171 

5.817

28 days.

18.10 

36.20 

54.30 

72.40 

90.50 

108.6 

126.7 

144.8 

162.9

29 days.

18.74 

37.48 

56.22 

74.96 

93.70 

112.4 

131.2 

149.9 

168.7

30 days.

19.39 

38.78 

58.17 

77.56 

96.95 

116.3 

135.7 

155.1 

174.5

31 days.

20.04 

40.08 

60.12 

80.16 

100.2 

120.2 

140.3 

160.3 

180.4

NOTE. For part of a month multiply the value for one day by the number of days.

Table for converting discharge in second-feet into run-off in millions of cubic feet.

Discharge 

in secondfeet.

1. ........

2.........

3.........

4.........

5.........

6.........

7.........

8.........

9.........

Run-off in millions of cubic feet.

Iday.

0.0864 

.1728 

.2592 

.3456 

. .4320 

.5184 

.6048 

.6912 

.7776

28 days.

2.419 

4.838 

7.257 

9.676 

12.095 

14.514 

16.933 

19. 352 

21. 771

29 days.

2.506 

5.012 

7.518 

10.024 

12.530 

15.036 

17.542 

20.048 

22.554

30 days.

2.592 

5.184 

7.776 

10.368 

12.960 

15.552 

18.144 

20.736 

23.328

31 days.

2.678 

5.356 

8.034 

10. 712 

13.390 

16.068 

18.746 

21.424 

24.102

NOTE. For part of a month multiply values for one day by the number of days.
12 sufiFAd WATER SUPPLY, Ms, PAR¥ V.

1 second-foot equals 40 California miner's inches (law of March 23> 1901). 

1 second-foot equals 38.4 Colorado miner's inches. 

1 second-foot equals 40 Arizona miner's inches.

1 second-foot equals 7.48 United States gallons per second; equals 448.8 gallons per 

minute; equals 646,317 gallons for one day.

1 second-foot for one year covers 1 square mile 1.131 feet, or 13.572 inches deep. 

1 second-foot for one year equals 31,536,000 cubic feet. 

1 second-foot equals about 1 acre-inch per hour. 

1 second-foot for one day equals 86,400 cubic feet.

1,000,000,000 (1 United States billion) cubic feet equals 11,570 second-feet for one day. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 414 second-feet for one 28-day month. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 399 second-feet for one 29-day month. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 386 second-feet for one 30-day month. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 373 second-feet for one 31-day month. 

100 California miner's inches equals 18.7 United States gallons per second. 

100 California miner's inches for one day equals 4.96 acre-feet. 

100 Colorado miner's inches equals 2.60 second-feet, 

100 Colorado miner's inches equals 19.5 United States gallons per second. 

100 Colorado miner's inches for one day equals 5.17 acre-feet. 

100 United States gallons per minute equals 0.223 second-foot. 

100 United States gallons per minute for one day equals 0.442 acre-foot. 

1,000,000 United States gallons per day equals 1.55 second-feet. 

1,000,000 United States gallons equals 3.07 acre-feet. 

1,000,000 cubic feet equals 22.95 acre-feet. 

1 acre-foot equals 325,850 gallons.

1 inch deep on 1 square mile equals 2,323,200 cubic feet. 

1 inch deep on 1 square mile equals 0.0737 second-foot per year. 

1 foot equals 0.3048 meter. . 

1 mile equals 1.60935 kilometers. 

1 mile equals 5,280 feet. 

1 acre equals 0.4047 hectare.

1 acre equals 43,560 square feet. , 

1 acre equals 209 feet square, nearly. 

1 square mile equals 2.59 square kilometers. 

1 cubic foot equals 0.0283 cubic meter. 

1 cubic foot of water weighs 62.5 pounds. 

1 cubic meter per minute equals 0.5886 second-foot. 

1 horsepower equals 550 foot-pounds per second. 

1 horsepower equals 76.0 kilogram-meters per second. 

1 horsepower equals 746 watts. 

1 horsepower equals 1 second-foot falling 8.80 feet. 

1J horsepower equals about 1 kilowatt.

To calculate water power quickly: " ' X * . m ee =net horsepower on water 

wheel realizing 80 per cent of theoretical power.
S TRFA H WATEB SUPPLY, 1913, PART V. IS

EXPLANATION OF DATA.

The data presented in this report coVer the year beginning October 

1, 1912, and ending September 30, 1913, and not, as in- previous 

reports, the calendar year. At the 1st of January in most parts of the 

country a large amount of precipitation for the preceding three 

months is stored, either as ground water, in the form of snow, or in 

lakes. This stored water passes off in the streams during the spring 

break up. At the end of September the only stored water available 

for run-off in the streams is possibly a small amount held in ground 

storage. Therefore the run-off for a year, beginning with October 

1, is practically all derived from precipitation occurring within that 

year.

For each regular current-meter gaging station the following data, 

so far as available, are given: Description of the station, list of discharge measurements, table of daily gage height, table of daily discharge, table of monthly and yearly discharge and run-off. For 

stations located at weirs or dams the gage-height table is usually 

omitted.

In addition to statements regarding the location and installation 

of current-meter stations, the descriptions give information in regard 

to any condition which may affect the constancy of the discharge 

relation, covering such points as ice, logging, shifting channels, and 

backwater; also information regarding diversions which decrease the 

total flow at 'the measuring section. Statements are also made 

regarding the accuracy and reliability of the data.

The table of daily gage height shows the daily fluctuations of the 

surface of the river as found from the mean of the gage readings 

taken each day, usually in the morning and in the evening, though at 

many stations only one reading is made each day. At a comparatively 

few stations automatic gages are used, some of which give a continuous 

record of river stage in the form of a hydrograph and others a record 

printed at regular intervals, from which the mean daily gage height 

can be computed. The gage height given in the table represents the 

elevation of the surface of the water above the zero of the gage. All 

gage heights affected by the presence of ice in the streams or by backwater from obstructions are published as recorded, with suitable 

footnotes. The rating table is not applicable for such periods unless 

the proper corrections to the gage heights are known and applied. 

Attention is called to the fact that the zero of the gage is placed at 

an arbitrary datum and has no relation to zero flow or the bottom of 

the river. In general the zero is located somewhat below the lowest 

known flow, so tlkat negative readings shall not occur.

In the tables of| daily gage height the use of zeros in the hundredths 

place indicates tb|e limits of accuracy to which the gage was read and 

to which the mean daily gage height was computed. If a gage is
14 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART Y.

read to tenths or half tenths once a day or to tenths twice a day, no 

zeros appear in the hundredths place for any stage. If the gage is 

read to hah* tenths twice a day or to quarter tenths or hundredths, 

regardless of the number of readings a day, the gage heights are 

published to hundredths, and zeros appear in the hundredths place, 

below a certain limiting stage. This limiting stage is so selected 

that the average error in the mean daily discharge, resulting from 

not using the mean daily gage height to hundredths above that stage, 

shall not be greater than 2 per cent. For automatic gages the allowable average error of the daily discharge has been taken as 1 per cent. 

The selection of the percentage is arbitrary, but it should be noted 

that the maximum error will in all cases be twice the average error. 

In like manner half tenths are used from the hundredths limit to 

another higher limit, above which only tenths are used. It is the 

aim to have the gage-height observations at each gaging station 

recorded to the degree of refinement required by the above method 

of use, but in practice it is found necessary, in order to avoid confusion in the gage observer's record, to have the observations for all 

stages recorded to the degree of refinement required for low stages, 

which usually necessitates readings to hundredths of a foot.

The discharge measurements and gage heights are the base data 

from which rating tables, daily discharge tables, and monthly discharge tables are computed.

The rating table gives, either directly or by interpolation, the 

discharge in second-feet corresponding to every stage of the river 

recorded during the period for which it is applicable.; It is not published in this report, but can be determined from the tables of daily 

gage heights and daily discharge.

The table of daily discharge determined from the rating table gives 

the discharge in second-feet corresponding to the mean of the gage 

readings observed each day.

In the table of monthly discharge the column headed "Maximum" 

gives the mean flow, as determined from the rating table, for the day 

when the mean gage height was highest. As the gage height is 

the mean for the day, it does not indicate correctly the stage when 

the water surface was at crest height and the corresponding discharge 

was consequently larger than given in the maximum column. Likewise in the column at "Minimum" the quantity given is the mean 

flow for the day when the mean gage height was lowest. The column 

headed "Mean" is the average flow in cubic feet for each second during the month. On this the computations for the remaining columns, 

which are defined on page , are based.

The base data presented in this report, unless otherwise stated in 

description of station, have been collected by the methods commonly
WATER-SUP SURVEY GEOLOGICAL 8. U. 

METERS. CURRENT PRICE A. 

STATIONS. GAGING TYPICAL B. 
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 355 PLATE II

A. STEVENS. B. GURLEY. 

AUTOMATIC GAGES.

0. FRIEZ.
ACCURACY OF FIELD DATA. 15

used at current-meter gaging stations and described in standard 

textbooks. Plates I and II show current meters and gages used 

and typical gaging stations.

ACCURACY OF FIELD DATA AND COMPUTED RESULTS.

The accuracy of stream-flow data depends (1) on permanence of 

the relation between- discharge and stage, and (2) on the accuracy 

of observation of stage, measurements of discharge, and interpretation of data.

In order to give engineers and others information regarding the 

probable accuracy of the computed results, footnotes are added to 

the daily discharge tables, stating the probable accuracy of the 

rating tables used, and an accuracy column is inserted in the monthly 

discharge table. For the rating tables, "well defined" indicates, in 

general, that the rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent; 

"fairly well defined," within 10 per cent; "poorly defined" or 

"approximate," within 15 to 25 per cent. These notes are very 

general and are based on the plotting of the individual measurements 

with reference to the mean rating curve.

The accuracy column in the monthly discharge table does not 

apply to the maximum- or minimum nor to any individual day, but 

to the monthly mean. It is based on the accuracy of tne rating, 

the probable reliability of the observer, the number of gage readings 

per day, the range of the fluctuation in stage, and knowledge of local 

conditions. In this column, A indicates that the mean monthly 

flow is probably accurate within 5 per cent; B, within 10 per cent; 

C, within 15 per cent; D, within 25 per cent. Special conditions 

are covered by footnotes.

Even though the monthly means for any station may represent 

with a high degree of accuracy the quantity of water flowing past 

the gage, the figures showing discharge per square mile and depth of 

run-off in inches may be subject to gross errors, which result from 

including in the measured drainage area large noncontributing 

districts or omitting estimates of water diverted for irrigation or 

other use. On this account the computations of "second-feet per 

square mile" and "run-off (depth in inches)" have not been made for 

stations draining areas having an annual rainfall of less than 20 

inches, nor for those stations draining areas of over 20 inches of 

rainfall for which it is believed that the computations would be 

uncertain and misleading because of the presence of large noncontributing districts in the measured drainage area, of omitting 

estimates of water diverted for irrigation or other use, or of artificial 

control or unusual natural control of the flow of the river above the 

gaging station. All values of "second-feet per square mile" and
16 STJBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PABT V.

"run-off (depth in inches)" previously published by the Survey 

should be used with exterme caution, and such values in this report 

should be used with care because of possible inherent sources of error 

not known to the Survey.

In general, the base data collected each year by the Survey 

engineers are published, not only to comply with the law, but also 

to afford any engineer the means of examining ^and adjusting to his 

own needs the results of the computations. The table of monthly 

discharge is so arranged as to give only a general idea of the flow at 

the station and should not be used for other than preliminary estimates. The determinations of daily discharge allow more detailed 

studies of the variation in flow by which the period of deficiency may 

be determined.

It should be borne in mind that the observations in each succeeding year may be expected to throw new light on data already collected and published, and the engineer who makes use of the figures 

presented in these papers should verify all ratings and make such 

adjustments for earlier years as may seem necessary.

COOPERATION.

During the year ending September 30, 1913, stream-gaging work 

in Montana was carried on in cooperation with the United States 

Reclamation Service.

In Minnesota the State cooperated under the terms of an act of 

the legislature of 1909 embodied hi joint resolution 19, which reads 

as follows:

Whereas the water supplies, water powers, navigation of our rivers, drainage of our 

lands, and the sanitary condition of our streams and their watersheds generally form 

one great asset and present one great problem: Therefore be it

Resolved (by the house of representatives) the senate concurring, That the State Drainage Commission be, and is hereby, directed to investigate progress in other States 

toward the solution of said problem in such States, to investigate and determine the 

nature of soil problem in this State.

Prior to March 1, 1913, George A. Ralph, chief engineer of the 

State drainage commission, represented the State. From March 1 

to September 30 E. V. Willard was acting State drainage engineer.

Work in Iowa during the year covered by this report was carried 

on under a cooperative agreement with the State geological survey, 

George F. Kay, director.

DIVISION OF WORK.

Field data for the Hudson Bay drainage basin, except in Minnesota, were collected under the direction of W. A. Lamb, district 

engineer, Helena, Mont, by E. F. Chandler, R. R. Rand,eU, W. B,
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA. 17

Stevenson, and E. J. Budge. The ratings and studies of the completed 

data were made by W. A. Lamb, E. F. Chandler, and B. J. Peterson. Estimates of flow during periods when the discharge relation 

was affected by ice were made by B. J. Peterson and E. F. Chandler.

Field data for the Hudson Bay drainage basin in Minnesota were 

collected under the direction of W. G. Hoyt, district engineer, St. 

Paul, Minn., by E. F. Chandler, S. B. Soule", B. J. Peterson, W. B. 

Stevenson, and E. J. Budge. The ratings and studies of the completed 

data were made by W. G. Hoyt, E. F. Chandler, and B. J. Peterson. 

The estimates of flow during periods when the discharge delation 

was affected by ice were made by W. G. Hoyt and E. F. Chandler.

Field: data for the upper Mississippi River drainage basin were collected under the direction of W. G. Hoyt, district engineer, St. Paul, 

Minn.', by S. B. Soule", and B. J. Peterson. The ratings and studies 

of the completed data were made by W. G. Hoyt and B. J. Peterson. 

Estimates of flow when the discharge relation was affected by ice 

were made by W. G. Hoyt.

The computations were made by J. G. Mathers, M. I. Walters, 

J. H. Morgan, E. D. Burchard, and B. J. Peterson.

The data were assembled for publication by B. J. Peterson.*

The report was edited by Mrs. B. D. Wood.

STATION KECOKDS.

HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA IN THE UNITED STATES. 

ST. MARY RIVER NEAR BABB, MONT.1

Location. Near dam site a quarter of a mile below the outlet of Lower St. Mary Lake, 

1 mile above mouth of Swiftcurrent Creek, and about 2 miles south of Babb, Mont.

Records available. April 9, 1902, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 177 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage on right bank of stream. Temporary low-water gage used during 

winter months.

Channel and control.1 Practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from cable 300 feet below gage. In September, 

1909, the cable was moved from a point 300 feet farther downstream. Low-water 

measurements are made by wading one-fourth mile above gage.

Winter flow. Channel freezes over at gage and considerable ice exists in the stream.

Floods. Flood of June 5, 1908, reached a stage of about 9.4 feet.

Accuracy. Rating curve well defined except for winter months. Accuracy of 

winter records impaired by changes in datum of temporary gage and pospibly by 

effect of ice but are probably fair.

1 The records for this station were published in Water-Supply Papers 85 and 100 as "St. Mary Eiver at 

dam site near St. Mary," and in Water-Supply Paper 130 as "St. Mary River near St. Mary."

91388° WSP 355 15 2
18 STTBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PABT V.

Discharge measurements of St. Mary River near Babb, Mont., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Dec. 16

Mar. 30

Made by 

W. A. Lamb...........

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.16

.94

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. oll7

686

Date.

Aug. 21

Made by Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.40

2.43

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

2,980

fifU

o Measurement made from cable; ice along shore at gage and at measuring section, 

& Measurement made by -wading.

Daily gage height, in feet, of St. Mary River near Babb, Mont., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

[Carl Giruin, observer.)

Day.

1..............

6..............

7.. . ......... --

8..............

Q

10.... .....- -...

11.............. 11..............

10

14.. .......... --

16.. ............

16..............

17..............

10

in

OA

22..............

oq

24..............

O£

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.35

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.35

1.3

1.35

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.5

1 K

1.55

1.5

1.6

1 W

1.6

1.55

1.5

1.6

1.55 

1.6 

1.55

Nov.

1.5

1.55

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.45

1.5

1.45

1.45

1.5

1.5

1.6

1.55

1.55

1.6

1.55

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.45

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.35

Dec.

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.35

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.25

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.15

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.15

1.15

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.05

1.0

1.0

1.0

.95 

.95

Jan.

0.9

.9

.85

.85

.85

.85

.85

.85

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.85

.85

.85

.8

.8

.8

.85

.85

.85

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.85 

.85 

.85

Feb.

0.85

.85

.85

.85

.9

.9

.95

.95

.95

.95

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.1

1.0

.95

.95

.9

.9

.9

.9

.9

.95

.95

.95

Mar.

0.95

.95

.95

.95

.95

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0

.9

.8

.7

.7

.65 

.6

Apr.

0.6

.6

.5

.5

.5

.55

.6

.7

.8

.9

1.05

1.15

1.2

1.25

1.45

1.5

1.55

1.65

1.75

1.85

1.75

1.75

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.75

1.75

1.8 

1.9

May.

1.95

2.05

2.15

2.0

2.1

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.0

2.05

2.05

2.15

2.2

2.3

2.35

2.45

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.7

2.8

3.4

3.9

4.6

5.1

5.4 

5.5

June.

5.5

5.8

5.8

5.9

5.9

5.8

5.6

5.5

5.5

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.1

4.9

4.6

4.5

4.3

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5 

4.5

July.

4.7

4.5

4.4

4.2

4.1

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.4

3.4

3.2

3.2

3.1

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.9 

2.9 

2.9

Aug.

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.7t^ 

2.7

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.45

2.45

2.5

2.45

2.5

2.45

2.5

2.45 

2.45 

2.4

Sept.

2.5

2.5

2.45

2.5

2.45

2.05

2.0

1.95

2.05

1 O

1.9

1.8

1.85

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.5 

1.5

NOTE. Discharge relation probably affected by ice about Feb. 6-20,1913.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AEEA. 19

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Mary River near Babb, Mont., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1.... ..........

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28. .............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

225

195

195

180

195

195

180

195

195

166

180

166

180

195

195

195

195

225

225

241

225

257

241

241

225

257

241

257

241

Nov.

225

241

225

225

225

225

225

210

225

210

210

225

225

257

241

241

257

241

257

257

225

225

225

225

91ft

225

195

195

1Q.1

180

Dec.

195

166

166

180

166

166'

166

152

166

166

139

139

139

139

128

139

139

139

128

128

116

116

116

- 116

116

106

96

96

96

88

88

Jan.

TO

7Q

72

72

72

72

72

72

64

f.4.

64

64

64

72

72

72

64

64

64

72

72

79

64

64

64

64

64

64

79

72

79

Feb.

72

72

72

72

7Q

7Q

TO

7Q

7Q

79

88

88

88

Mar.

88

88

88

88

88

Ofi

96

116

116

116

116

116

139

139

139

139

139

152

152

152

139

116

116

116

96

64

51<;i

46

40

Apr.

40

40

31

ol

ol

3fi

40

51

64

TO

106

128

139

152

210

225

241

274

309

346

309

3HQ

274

274

274

974

<mo

309

327

365

May.

385

425

468

405

445

468

468

468

468

4A5

425

425

468

540

565

618

700

700

700

700

700

700

755

815

1,200

1,600

2,190

2 ART!

2,980

3,080

June.

3 nsn

3,380

3,380

3,480

3,480

3,380

3,180

3,080

3,080

2,980

2,980

2,980

2,880

2,780

2,680

2,480

2,190

2,100

1,920

1,840

1,840

1,760

1,840

1,760

1,760

1 840

1,920

2,010

2,100

2,100

July.

2 9Sft

2,100

2,010

1 840

1,760

1,600

1,600

1,520

1,520

1,440

1,440

1,440

1,360

1,200

1,200

1,060

1,060

995

875

875

815

815

815

875

875

875

875

875

875

875

875

Aug.

815

815

755

755

755

755

815

815

755

700

645

700

700

645

700

700

645

700

645

645

645

618

645

618

645

618

645

618

618

590

Sept.

645

645

618

645

618

618

« 522

425

405

386

425

367

367

o349

331

349

331

331

331

331

o314

296

230

280

280

263

232

232

232

232

a Interpolated.

NOTE. Daily discharge Oct. 1,1912, to Sept. 10,1913, computed from a well-defined rating curve. Discharge Sept. 11-30,1913, computed from a rating curve based on a discharge measurement made Dec. 19, 

1913. Discharge Feb. 6-20, estimated on account of ice, 75 second-feet. Estimates for October and November differ from those published in Water-Supply Paper 325 because of revision of rating curve for stages 

below 2.0 feet.

Monthly discharge of St. Mary River near Babb, Mont., for the year ending Sept. 30,1913. 

[Drainage area, 177 square miles.]

Month.

February. ..................

March. . ....................

April.......................

May........................

July........................

Discharge in second-feet.'

Maximum.

257

257 

195 

79

152 

365 

3,080 

3,480

2,280 

815 

645

3,480

Minimum.

166 

180 

88 

64

40 

31 

385 

1,760 

815 

590 

232

31

Mean.

211 

225 

135 

68.8 

76.8 

106 

187 

885 

2,540 

1,250 

688 

389

564

Per 

square 

mile.

L19 

1.27 

.763 

.389 

.434 

.599 

1.06 

5.00 

14.4 

7.06 

3.89 

2.20

3.19

Run-off.

Depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.

1.37 

1.42

.88 

.45 

.45 

.69 

1.18 

5.76 

16.07 

8.14 

4.48 

2.46

43.35

Total in 

acre-feet.

13,000 

13,400 

8,300 

4,230 

4,270 

6,520 

11,100 

54,400 

151,000 

76,900 

42,300 

23,100

409,000

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B.

a Estimates differ from those published in Water-Supply Paper 325 because of revision of rating curve 

for stages below 2.0 feet.
20 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

ST. MARY RIVER BELOW SWIFTCURRENT CREEK AT BABB, MONT. 1

Location. At Babb, Mont., about 1 mile below mouth of Swiftcurrent Creek.

Records available. July 14, 1901, to October 18, 1902; May 13,1910, to September 

30, 1913.

Drainage area. 298 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage installed July 19,1911, on right bank about 100 feet farther downstream than staff gage installed on left bank May 13,1910, and at a different datum. 

The original gage, which was used in 1901 and 1902; was a staff nailed to a pier of 

the highway bridge at Babb; it was destroyed by the flood of June 5, 1908. The 

gage installed May 13, 1910, was on the left bank about 75 feet below the old site 

and at a different datum. A temporary chain gage was also installed for low-water 

readings. On May 1, 1912, a gage was established on an overflow channel from 

Swiftcurrent Creek and gage readings obtained from May 2 to November 24. 

This overflow discharges into St. Mary River below the gage.

Channel and control. Likely to change.

Discharge measurements. In 1901 and 1902 made from highway bridge; in 1910 

from a footbridge 100 feet above gage; in 1911 from a cable 50 feet above gage. 

Low-water measurements are made by wading. The overflow from Swiftcurrent 

Creek is measured from a footbridge.

Floods. Probably the highest stage was reached June 5, 1908. No records of this 

flood were obtained at this point.

Winter flow. Discharge relation affected by ice.

Accuracy. Rating curves for main stream and for Swiftcurrent Creek overflow well 

defined; records excellent except during winter months.

Discharge measurements of St. Mary River below Swiftcurrent Creek at Babb, Mont., during 

the year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Dec. 16

Mar. 30

May 18

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

R. R. Randell..........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.89

3.65

5.40

7.96

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

177

111

Q71

4,030

Data

July 31

Aug. 21

Sept. 14

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

7.12

c O7

4.67

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

2,720

1,120

OCft

424

NOTE. Measurements do not include flow from Swiftcurrent Creek.

Discharge measurements of Swiftcurrent Creek overflow at Babb, Mont., during the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Dec. 16

Mar. 30

May 18

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

4.4

6.3

7.0

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

62.0

fr\

108 

170

Date.

July 31

Aug. 21 

Sept. 14

Made by 

W. A. Lamb...........

.....do.................

.....do................. 

.....do.................

height.

Feet. 

6.15

5.18

4.91 

4.6

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

88

21

10

4

6 Estimated.

c No flow in the overflow channel.

i The records at this station for 1901 and 1902 were published in Water-Supply Paper 66 as for "St. 

Mary River at Main, Mont."
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA. 21

Daily gage height, in feet, of St. Mary River below Swiftcurrent Creek at Bdbb, Mont.,

for the year ending tSept. 30, 1913.

[Carl Giruin, observer.]

Day.

1... ...........

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12. .............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

10

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

on

30..............

31..............

Oct.

4.25

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.15

4.15

4.2

4.15

4.1

4 05

4 05

4.1

4.05

4.15

4.2

4.25

4.3

4.4

4.35

4.35

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.35

4.3

A O

4 Q*

4.35

4.35

Nov.

4 Q

4.3 .

4.3

4 Q

4.3

4.25

4.25

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.25

4.3

4.35

4.35

4.35

4.4

4.35

4.35

4 OR

A Q

4.3

4.3

4.3

4 Q

4 9<\

4.25

4.25

4 2

4 9

Dec.

A 9

4

O

4

O

4.15

4.15

4.15

4.05

4 AC

4.05

4.05

O QK

3 95

3 95

O OC

O OK

O OK

O OK

°. ft

0 0

0 0

3

0

3

0

3.8

0 0

o 7K

3

7K

°. 7*.

3.75 Q i

3.7

Jan.

3.7

3.65

3.65

3.65

3.65

3.65

O OK

3.6

3.6

3.6

O ft

3.65

3.65

Q fiS

3.6

3.6

O fi

3.6

3.65

3

K

3.45

3.4

3.35

3.35

3.35

3.4

3.4

3.4

Feb.

Q 4

3.4

3.5

O 13

O 13

o 7

q 7

°. Q

3 95

3 9

q QK

4.0

4.0

4 1

4.15

4.25

4

0

4.1

4.0

0 OK

3 Q

q Q

q w

S.7

O fi

3.65

3.6

3.6

Mar.

3.6

3

KK

3.65

q «

q «

q ft_K

3.75

3

7C

q 7*

3.75

o 7K

q o

O OK

O OK

O OK

q o

3 9

3 95

q QC

4.0

3.95

q Q

^ Q

q o

°, 7*

3.65

3.7 Q f

3.65

3.65

Apr.

3.6

q fi

3.6

O ft

Q CK

Q K

3.55

3.6

3.7

3.7

q Q

q Q

4.0

4 4

4.55

4 9

5.4

K 7

5.6

5.45

5 q

t\ A.

5.25

5.1

5.05

5.1

5.1

5.0

4 9

May.

4 Q

4 Q

4 9

4.8

4.85

4.85

4

0

4

0

4.65

4.7

4.8

4 9

5.1

5.0

5.1

5.3

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.6

t\ 7

5.8

6.3

6.55

7.1

7.4

8.0

8.25

8.2 8.-4

June.

8.25

ft QK.

ft °.^

0 1 K

0 -I K

QIC

7.95

7 95

7 9

ft AK

8 1

o n

7 9

7.85

7.8

7.55

7.4

7.4

7 1 K.

7.1

7.1

ft 05

6 9

6.95

6.8

6 9

7 1H

7.5

7

AK

7 9

July.

7.2

7 1H

7.0

6

0

6.65

6.7

6.7

6.65

6.6

6.55

6.6

6.5

6.45

6.3

6.15

6.0

5.85

5.9

x, sn

5.8

5.85

5.85

5.85

5,9

5.85

5.95

5.85

5.9

X, Q

5.9

5.65

Aug.

5.65

5.65

5.65

K ft e

5.7

5.65

5.55

5.6

5.7

5.8

5.75

<; 7n

5.85

5.6

5.7

5.6

5.75

5.5

5.4

5.35

5.25

K q

5.25

5.25

t\ 91

5.3

5.25

5.35

5.3

5.25

5.1

Sept.

5.15

5.1

5.1

5.15

5.15

5.0

5.05

5.0

5.05

4.75

4.6

4.65

4.75

4.8

4.8

4 7

4.7

4.7

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.5

4

K

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.3

NOTE. Discharge relation probably affected by ice about Feb. 6-24,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Mary River below Swiftcurrent Creek at Babb, Mont., 

for the year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8

"

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

10

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

99

23..............

94

25..............

26. .............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

324

302

302

302

302

281

302

281

260

240

2*0

9ftft

240

281

302

324

Q47

395

371

371

395

395

395

371

347

347

395

371

371

371

Nov.

347

347

347

347

347

324

OO<1

302

302

302

OA9

004

347

371

371

071

OQK

071

371

071

Oyl7

°.47

347

347

356

qqO

332

332

307

307.

Dec.

307

307

307

285

285

285

049

242

242

242

203

203

203

167

167

167

167

150

150

1<tf»

ien

1<!ft

1 *U1

150

134

1^4

134

1^4

118

118

Jan.

122

108

108

108

108

108

108

108

95

95

95

95

108

108

108

108

QK

QK

95

95

108

70

70

KG

46

qc

35

35

46

46

46

Feb.

46

46

70

95

95

95

108

95

95

Mar.

95

82

108

108

122

122

137

137

137

137

137

1TO

168

168

168

184

201

201

218

201

184

 tQ A

152

IV7

108

122

108

108

Apr.

95

95

95

95

82

70

82

95

95

122

122

152

184

218

382

456

657

QQS

1,230

1 030

995

890

787

754

787

787

791

657

May.

657

657

657

689

5Q5

626

626

595

595

508

536

595

657

787

721

787

925

1,070

1,070

1,150

1,310

1,750

2,020

2,660

3,850

4,200

4,130

4,410

June.

4,200

4,340

4,340

4,060

4,060

4,060

3,780

3,780

3,710

3,920

t oon

3,850

3 7in

3,640

3,570

3,240

3

f|EA

2,720

2

RRf\

O ftfift

2,470

2,410

2,470

2 OQft

2,410

2,720

3,180

3,120

2,790

........

July.

2,790

2,720

2,530

2,280

2,100

2,160

2,160

2,100

2, (MO

1,980

1,930

1,880

1,720

1,570

1 430

1^300

1,300

1 OCA

1,300

1 °/lft

1,300

1 ^I4rt

1,300

1,380

1,300

1,340

1,340

1,340

1,120

Aug.

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,160

1,120 i nan

1,080

1,160

1,250

1,210

1,210

1 300

1,080

1,160

1,080

1,210

oat

Q14

876

802

838

802

802

802

838

802

876

838

802

696

Sept.

730

fiQfi

696

730

730

630

663

630

663

481

400

426

4si

509

509

453

453

453

400

400

400

400

400

350

350

303

303

303

303

260

NOTE. Daily discharge computed as follows: Previous to Nov. 25 and after Dec. 31, 1912. from welldenned rating curves based on discharge measurements that do not include the flow in the Swiftcurrent 

overflow channel: Nov. 25 to Dec 31,1912, from a well-defined rating curve based on measurements that 

include the flow in Swiftcurrent overflow channel. Discharge Feb. 6-24,1913, estimated, because of ice, 

from gage heights and climatic records, at 150 second-feet.
22 STJBFACE wi.TER SUPPLY, 1913, PABT V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Swiftcurrent Creek overflow at Babb, Mont., for the year ending

Sept.. 30, 1913. 

[O. S. Main, observer.]

Day.

1..............

2... ...........

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

28..............

27..............

28..............

29

30..............

31..............

Oct.

4.9

4.9

4.9

4.85

4.85

4.8

4.8

4.8

4.8

4.75

4.75

4.75

4.75

4.8

4.9

5.0

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.25

5.25

5.2

5.2

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.0

Nov.

5.0

4.95

4.95

4.9

4.85

4.8

4.7

4.7

4.65

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

5.0

5.1

5.2

5.25

5.25

5.25

5.25

5.25

5.25

5.1

5.0

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

4 Q

5.0

5.4

5.8

t 0

6.0

6.2

6.3

6.3

6.0

6.0

5.9

5.9

6.0

6.0

5.95

5.9

5.85

May.

5

Q 

5.8

5.8

5.85

5.8

5.8

5.75

5.7

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.8

5.9

6.1

6.2

6.25

6.3

6.4

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.7 -

6.9

7.0

7.1

7.2

7.5

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.3

June.

7.4

7 <?

7.4

7 1

7.2

7.2

7.0

7.0

7.1

6.9

6.9

7.0

6.9

6.85

6.5

6.5

6.4

6.35

6.3

6.4

6.45

6.4

6.2

6.25

6.2

6.05

6.3

6.7

6.5

6.5

July.

6.4

6.2

6.0

5 a

5.8

5.65

5.6

5.6

5.5

5.55

5.6

5.5

5.45

5.4

5.35

5.2

5.2

5.1

4.9

4.85

4.8

4.8

4.75

4.7

4.75

4.8

4.85

5.1

5.15

5.3

5.25

Aug.

5.1

5.1

5.15

5 9

5.2

5 9

5.25

5.3

5.35

5.4

5.3

5.4

5.1

5.3

5.3

5.4

5.45

5.5

5.4

K 5

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.3

5.3

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.3

5.2

4.8

Sept.

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4 7

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.3

4.4

- 4.5

4.6

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.8

4

0

4.9

4.9

4.9

4.6

4.7

4.7

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Swiftcurrent Creek overflow at Babb, Mont., for the year

end^ng Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

10

10

10

9.2

9.2

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

8.0

10

14

18

22

28

28

28

25

25

22

22

18

18

18

18

18

14

Nov.

14

12

12

10

9.2

8.0

6.0

6.0

5.2

4.4

6.0

8.0

10

14

18

22

25

25

25

25

25

25

18

14

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

8.0

14

35

66

74

82

98

107

107

82

82

74

74

82

82

78

74

70

May.

66

66

66

70

66

66

62

58

50

50

50

66

74

90

98

102

107

116

125

125

125

144

164

174

184

194

224

214

214

214

204

June.

214

204

214

204

194

194

174

174

184

164

164

174

164

159

125

125

116

112

107

116

120

116

98

102

98

86

107

144

125

125

July.

116

98

82

74

66

54

50

50

42

46

50

42

39

35

32

22

22

18

10

9.2

8.0

8.0

7.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.2

18

20

28

25

Aug.

18

18

20

22

22

22

25

28

32

35

28

35

1828 

28

35

39

42

35

28

22

28

35

28

28

35

28

22

28

22

ao

Sept.

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.4

1.5

2.2

3.2

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

8.0

10

10

10

4.4

6.0

6.0

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating carve well defined above 28 second-feet (gage height 5 J 

feet) and fairly well defined below that point.
HUDSON BAY DBAINAGE AREA.

Combined daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Mary River and Swiftcurrent 

at Babb, Mont., for the year ending Sept. S(f, 1913.

Creek overflow

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7. .............

8..............

9..............

10..............

n. ....... ......

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

334

312

312

311

311

289

289

310

289

267

247

247

267

248

291

316

369

423

399

399

420

420

417

393

365

365

413

389

389

385

Nov.

361

359

359

357

356

332

330

308

307

306

308

332

357

385

389

393

420

396

3%

396

372

372

365

361

356

332

332

332

307

307

Dec.

307

307

307

285

285

285

O/IO

242

242

242

242

203

203

203

167

167

167

167

150

iw

150

IKfl

150

150

150

134

1Q4

134

134

118

118

Jan.

122

108

108

108

108

108

108

108

95

at

95

at

108

108

108

108

95

95

95

QK

108

70

70

58

46

35

it

35

46

46

46

Feb.

46

46

70

96

95

(a)

(0)

(a)

(a

(a)

(a

(a 

(°

(a

(«)

Ha

(a)

(a)

a)

a)

95

108

95

95

Mar.

95

82

108

108

122

122

108

1Q7

107

119

168

168

168

tV)

1SM

201

201

218

201

18d

184

152

137

108

122

122

108

108

Apr.

95

95

95

95

82

70

82

95

95

122

122

152

192

232

417

522

731

1.080

1,330

1 9fift

1,140

1,010

1,080

964

861

836

QfJQ

865

795

727

May.

723

723

723

759

661

692

688

fits

645

558

586

661

n 1

877

81Q

889

1,030

1,190

1,200

1,200

1,280

1,370

1,470

1,920

2,200

2,850

3,270

4,060

4,410

4,340

4,610

June.

4,410

4,540

4,260

4,250

4,250

3

QEA

3

QCA

3,890

4,080

4,150

4,020

3,870

3,800

3 700

3,360

3,170

3,160

2,830

2,780

2,780

2

CQA

2,510

2,570

2,390

2,500

2,830

3,320

3,240

2,920

July.

2,910

2,820

2,350

2,170

2,210

2,210

2,150

2,080

2

AQA

2,090

1,970

1,920

1,760

1,600

1,450

1,320

1,360

1,310

1,260

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,350

1,310

1,390

1,310

1 ^Iftft

1,360

1,370

1,140

Au

1,1

1,1

1.1

1,1

1 1

1.1

1,01

U

1,1

1,7

1,?

1 9

i'a

1,1 1,1

1,1 i ?

i.o.

9-

91

*

si

8, R.

8,

8

8

8

8

8

7

' 

10

10

10M

iO

10w

0

10

W)

10

10

JO

0

)0

V) in

to

19

w

>4

16

57

iOMI

raM»8

M

?A

M

Sept.

7oc

702

7ft9

736

736

636

AftQ

RO4

667

AOK

404

^OA

485

510

511

456

dV7

459

406

406

406

406

408

358

360

313

313

307

309

266

« Mean discharge Feb. 6-24 estimated 150 second-feet; see footnote to table of daily dis 

Swiftcurrent Creek.

for

Monthly discharge of St. Mary River and Swiftcurrent Creek overjlow at Babb, 

the year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

IDrainage area, 298 square miles.]

Mont.

Month.

February. ..................

April.......................

May........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

423 

420

307 

122

218 

1,330 

4,610 

4,550 

2,910 

1,320 

736

4,610

Minimum.

247 

306 

118 

35

82 

70 

558 

2,390 

1,140 

704 

266

Mean.

340 

353 

196 

86.0 

128 

144 

537 

1,540 

3,490 

1,750 

1,030 

489

842

Per 

square 

mile.

1.14 

1.18 

.658 

.289 

.430 

.483 

1.80 

5.17 

11.7 

5.87 

3.46 

1.64

2.83

Run-off.

Depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.

1.31 

1.32 

.76 

.33 

.45 

.56 

2.01 

5.96 

13.05 

6.77 

3.99 

1.83

38.34

Total 

acre-fe

20,

21,

1

3t;

94, 

208, 

108, 

63 

29,

610,

n

et.

900 

000 

100

290

no

850 

000 

700 

000 

000 

300 

100

000

Accuracy.

A. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B.
24 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

ST. MARY RIVER NEAR KIMBALL, ALBERTA.

Location. IB the SW. J sec. 25, T. 1, R. 25 W. fourth meridian, about 1 mile above 

the dam and headgate of the Alberta Railway & Irrigation Co., and about 1 mile 

southwest of Kimball.

Records available. January 1 to September 30, 1913. Records were obtained at 

Cook's ranch (St. Mary River near Cardston), about half a mile north of the 

boundary line and about 5 miles above this station, from September 4, 1902, to 

December 31, 1912. Records were also obtained by the Irrigation Branch, 

Department of the Interior, Canada, at a point about 3,000 feet below the present 

station, from 1905 to 1912. The flow at the three points is practically the same.

Drainage area. 472 square miles at present station; 452 square miles at Cook's 

ranch.

Gage. Friez water stage register. Winter records are obtained from the staff gage 

at the Canadian station about 3,000 feet downstream.

Channel and control. Shifting.

Discharge measurements. Made from cable about 3,000 feet downstream or by 

wading.

Diversions. None above gage.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Accuracy. Estimates reliable.

Cooperation. Station maintained jointly with the Irrigation Office, Department of 

the Interior, Canada, during 1913.

Discharge measurements of St. Mary River at Kimball, Alberta, during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Jan. 13

24

Feb. 6

24 

Mar. 11

Apr. 25

19

24

26

9

Made by 

V. Meek...............

.....do.................

G.F.Deas... ..........

.....do................. 

.....do.................

.....do.................

F.R.Burfield.. .......

W. A. Lamb...........

F.R.Burfleld.. .......

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

«3.16

2 7ft

2.70

2.82 

2 95

"3.35

62.65

3.45

3 Ofi

4.58

6.05

5.76

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

180

94

100

141 

220

1.028

949

1

CQA

9 9fiA

3 O49

5,209

5,007

Date.

iq

27

July 4 

21

28

Aug. 7

20

28

24

Made by 

.....do................. 

.....do.................

W. A. Lamb...........

W. A. Lamb...........

W.A. Lamb...........

&,

Feet. 

5.74

5.78

5.45

4.93 

3.66

3.71

3.56

3.28

3.04

2.55

62.35

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

4,750

4,979

3,993

3,044 

1,354

1,450

1,283

1,060

855

550

468

o Gage heights Jan. 13 to Apr. 25 refer to staff gage at the cable. 

6 Gage heights May 4 to Sept. 24 refer to the automatic gage.,
HUDSON BAY DEAINAGE AREA. 25

Daily gage height, in feet, of St. Mary River at Kilriball, Alberta, for the year ending Sept.

SO, 1913.

[J. M. Dunn, observer.]

Day.

1.. .........................

2...........................

3...........................

4.. .........................

5...........................

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9...........................

10...........................

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

19...........................

20...........................

21...........................

22...........................

23...........................

24...........................

25...........................

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Jan.

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.20

3.40

3.30

3.35

3.40

3.43

3.50

3.55

3.45

3.60

3.60

2.90

1.98

1 90

2.00

2.06

2.00

2.30

2.90

2.76

3.00

2.30

2.00

1.95

2.30

2.40

2.45

Feb.

2.45

2.65

2.85

2.85

2.70

2.70

2.80

2.90

2.80

2.82

O CO

2.85

2.85

2.90

3.00

3.00

3.00

O AA

3.00

3.00

2.95

2.95

O QK

2.82

2.70

2.70

2.65

2.63

Mar.

2.55

2.55

2.55

2.65

2.70

2.75

2.80

2.95

2.95

2.95

9 OS

2.87

2.80

2.80

2.85

2 90

2.90

9 Sfi

2 91

2.81

2.81

2.79

2.68

2.62

2.57

2.57

2.57

2.42

2.32

2.32

2.35

Apr.

2.36

2.37

2.38

2.38

2.43

2.53

2.63

2.64

2.94

3.06

3 19

<* 1Q

3.54

3.04

o n<\

1.65

3.45

3 <ift

3.50

3.55

2.99

2.98

2.86

2.84

2 90

2.90

2 QA

9 Q3

2.87

2.81

May.

2.76

2.74

2.70

2.68

2.66

2.62

2.60

2.62

2.64

2.57

9 71

2.89

3.02

3.09

3.09

3.18

3.24

3.37

3.45

3.33

3.30

3.42

3.71

4 00

4 V>

4.66

5.15

<; 17

5.92

6.01

6.00

June.

6.05

6.09

6.07

6.06

6.01

5.99

5.81

<; si

5.82

5.86

5 98

6.07

<; so

5.79

5.67

<; «is

5.56

5.55

5

KA

5.56

5.43

5.02

4.97

A QA

4.92

5.12

5.42

5.65

5.58

5.41

July.

5.29

5.24

5.12

4.94

4.81

4.71

4.65

4.58

4.53

4.47

4.47

4.45

4.37

4.24

4.06

3.91

3.78

3.70

3.65

3.62

3.65

3.68

3.67

3.65

3.69

3.89

3.84

3.75

3.70

3.71

3.62

Aug.

3.54

3.53

3.59

3.60

3.59

3.57

3.55

3 64

3.82

3.96

3.86

3.78

3.72

3.69

3.65

3.53

3.45

3 dn

3.33

3.24

3.18

3.11

<* IY7

3.03

3.02

3.04

3.02

3.02

3.01

3.00

3.00

Sept.

2.98

2.98

2 93

2.94

2.86

2.86

2.74

9 7n

2.60

2.56

2 46

2.38

2.37

2.34

9 <K

2 40

2.43

2.47

2.50

2.53

2.49

2.51

9 47

2.36

2.37

2.26

2.18

2.19

NOTE. Gage heights Jan. 1 to Apr. 20 read on staff gage at cable. Discharge relation was affected by 

ice Jan. 1 to Apr. 16.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Mary River at Kirriball, Alberta, for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1918.

Day.

1........ ...................

2...........................

3...........................

5...........................

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9...........................

10...........................

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14. '..........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

19...........................

20......:....................

21...........................

22...........................

23. ..........................

24...........................

25

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Jan.

202

199

196

193

190

187

184

183

185

187

187

183

180

181

188

182

172

160

140

123

109

101 " : 96

95

99

128

138

137

132

127

121

Feb.

115

110

106

103

102

101

102

108

115

121

127

132

137

140

142

145

146

145

145

143

142

141

140

140

140

139

137

136

Mar.

135

137

148

160

172

186

200

216

218

219

219

218

216

209

198

191

188

187

185

183

180

178

177

177

180

187

196

205

215

226

Apr.

238

250

263

277

293

309

324

343

365

392

418

450

500

580

700

910

1,120

1,180

1,180

1,240

1,180

1,170

1,080

1,070

1,110

1,110

1,160

1,130

1,090

1,050

May.

1,020

1 '980 004

QfiQ

950

Q39

920

QS9

902

986

1,100

1,210

1,260

1,260

1,340

1,400

1,520

1,600

1 480

1,450

1,570

i onn

2,270

2,720

3,190

3,920

3,950

5,110

5,260

5.240

June.

5,320

5,380

5,350

5

0JA

5,260

4,940

4,970

4,950

5,020

5,210

5 OKA

5,060

4

QAA

4,600

4,400

4,380

4 340

4^330

4,310

4 fton

3,460

3,360

3,240

3 OXA

,3,520

3,950

4,250

4,110

3,820

July.

3,620

3,530

3,340

3,060

2,860

2,710

2,620

2,520

2,450

2,360

2,360

2,330

2,220

O ftXA

1,810

1,630

1,490

1,410

1,360

1,340

1,360

1,390

1 380

1^360

i inn

1,610

1,550

1,460

1,410

1,420

1.340

Aug.

1,270

1,260

1,310

1,320

1,310

1,290

1,270

1,360

1,530

1,690

1,580

1 490

1,430

1 400

1^360

1,260

1,180

1 140 ijoso

1,010

964

908

879

851

844

858

844

844

837

830

830

Sept.

.816

781

7QQ

732

732

654

630

570

550

500

461

456

113

448

470

485

505

520

535

515

525

505

452

456

407

380

380

372

376

NOTE. Discharge determined as follows: Jan. 1 to Apr. 16, estimated from current-meter measurements: 

Apr. 17-20, from rating curve for stafl gage; Apr. 21 to June 13 and July 15 to Sept. 30, from two well-defined 

fating curves; June 14 to July 14, by indirect methods for shifting channel.
26 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of St. Mary River at Kimball, Alberta, for the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

[Drainage area,472 square miles.]

Month.

January. ......................................

March .........................................

May. ..................................... .

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

202 

146

226 

1,240 

5,260 

5,380 

3,620 

1,690 

816

Minimum.

95 

101 

135

238 

902 

3,240 

1,340 

830 

372

mean.

158 

129 

191 

749 

1,912 

4,519 

2,024 

1,162 

542

Per 

square 

mile.

0.335 

.273 

.405

1.587 

4.051 

9.574 

4.288 

2.462 

1.148

Run-off 

( depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.386 

.284 

.467 

1.771 

4.671 

10.681 

4.944 

2.838 

1.281

SWIFTCURRENT CREEK AT MCDERMOTT LAKE, MONT.

Location. In sec. 12, T. 35 N., R. 16 W., at outlet of McDermott Lake, about 14 

miles southwest of Babb, Mont.

Records available. June 6, 1912, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 31.4 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff attached to post on left bank at the lake outlet.

Channel and control. Channel practically permanent. The control is a limestone 

reef at the lake outlet.

Discharge measurements. Made by wading or from a cable across the outlet.

Winter now. Station not maintained during winter. Ice exists at the gage, but 

control section probably remains unobstructed.

Accuracy. Rating curve for the year ending September 30, 1913, well denned below 

700 second-feet. At gage height 3.0 feet the revised rating curve gives discharges 

about 10 per cent less than those published in Water-Supply Paper 325. 

Estimates for June and July, 1912, for stages above 2.5 feet should.be therefore 

revised by persons having occasion to use them. Gage heights during low water 

may be affected by action of wind on the lake and therefore may not represent 

the mean flow for the day.

Discharge measurements of Swiftcurrent Creek at McDermott Lake, Mont., during the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Dec. 15

Apr. 1

Made by 

W. A. Lamb... ........

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.39

2.93

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

o26

68.7

Date.

July 30

Made by *».

Feet. 

2.39

2.13

Discharge.

Sec. -ft. 

227

122

a Ice at gage and along shores; control not obstructed; measurement made by wading. 

6 Discharge relation affected by ice.
HUDSON BAY DKAINAGE AEEA. 27

Daily gage height, in feet, of Svriftcurrent Creek at McDermott Lake, Mont., for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

[G. L. Roberts and P. M. Stevenson, observers.]

Day.

1. .............

2... ...........

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7... ...........

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12. .............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18. .............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25... ...........

20

27... ...........

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.9

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

Nov.

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

Dec. Jan. Feb.

.

Mar. Apr. May.

1.9

2.0

2.3

2.3

2.45

2.4

9 fi

2.85

3.1

3.3

3.75

4.0

4.25

3.8

3.7

3.75

June.

3.6

3.65

3.5

3.5

3.55

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.5

3

"<1K

3.45

3.35

3.35

3.2

3.35

3.25

3.15

3.05

3.0

2.95

2.95

3.05

3.55

3.5

3.45

July.

^ UK

3.25

3.05

3.0

2.95

Aug.

2.35

2.35

2.4

2.35

2.4

2.4

2.35

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

Sept

2 1C

2.15

9 tt\

9 AK

2.05

1.95

1.95

2.0

1.85

1.85

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Swiftcurrent Creek at McDermott Lake, Mont., for the

year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1....... .......

2....... .......

3..............

4..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28. .............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

84

84

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

Nov.

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May.

84

103

188

188

246

225

309

424

544

643

874

1,010

1,150

901

848

874

June.

796

822

744

744

770

744

744

796

744

744

796

744

744

744

718

718

668

668

593

668

618

56S

520

496

472

472

520

770

744

718

July.

668

618

520

496

472

Aug.

206

206

206

206

206

216

225

236

246

226

206

216

225

225

225

216

206

197

188

172

155

155

155

155

155

155

155

155

155

150

146

Sept.

141

141

141

141

141

141

138

135

132

128

125

123

119

117

115

115

115

115

104

94

94

94

98

103

90

76

76

76

76

76

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 21 and 693 second-feet (gage 

heights 1.3 and 3.4 feet). Discharge interpolated for days on which gage was not read. Discharge July 

6-31,1913, estimated, by comparison with records of Swiftcurrent Creek at Sherburne Lake, at 270 secondfeet.
28 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of Swiftcurrent Creek at McDermott Lake, Mont., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[Drainage area, 31.4 square miles.]

Month.

May 16-31. .................

July........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

84 

68 

1,150 

822

246 

141

Minimum.

68

68 

84 

472

146 

76

 Mean.

69.0 

68.0 

538 

687 

316 

192 

113

Per 

square 

mile.

2.20 

2.17 

17.1 

21.9 

10.1 

6.11 

3.60

Run-off.

Depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.

2.54 

.65 

10.18 

24.43 

11.64 

7.04 

4.02

Total in 

acre-feet.

4,240 

1,080 

17,100 

40,900 

19,400 

11,800 

6,720

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

SWIFTCURRENT CREEK AT SHERBURNE LAKE, MONT.

Location. In sec. 35, T. 36 N., R. 15 W., at outlet of lower Sherburne Lake, just 

above boundary line between Glacier National Park and Blackfeet Indian Reservation.

Records available .^July 1, 1912, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 64.0 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff on left bank near the outlet of the lake.

Channel and control. Apparently permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made by wading or from a cable below the gage.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Diversion. None above the station.

Accuracy. Accuracy of gage heights may be affected by wave action on the lake.

Discharge measurements of Swiftcurrent Creek, at Sherburne Lake, Mont., during the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Dec. 15

26

Made by 

R. R. Randell. ........

W. A. Lamb...........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.53

6.38

5.06

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

o47

1,180

642

Date.

July 30

Sept. 15

Made by 

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.98

2.73

Discharge.

Sec. -ft. 

340

99

a Measurement made from ice.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA. 29

Daily gage height, in feet, of Smftcurrent Creek at Sherburne Lake, Mont., for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913. 

[F. M. Stevenson, observer.]

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2.44

o AS\

2.32

2.35

0 OR

2

Af\

2.42

2.38

2.40

2.40

2 38

2.36

9 3<1

2.26

2.28

2.39

2.5

2.85

3.0

3.0

3.05

2.95

3.05

2.85

2.8

2.6

2.55

2.6

2.7

2.6

2.55

Nov.

2.39

9 19

2.26

2.20

0 Oft

2.28

2.32

2.45

2.7

2.95

2.95

2.8

2.85

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.55

2.44

2.5

o 7

2.9

2.8

2.6

9 4Q

2.65

2.55

2.41

2.38

2.32

2.28

Dec.

2.30

2.33

2.36

2.40

2.5

9 ft

2.7

2.7

2.75

2.75

2.8

2.55

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May.

3.2

3.0

2.85

2.8

2.7

2 7

2 7

2.7

2.7

3.2

3.35

3.65

3.85

3.9

3.85

3.8

3.6

3.55

3.45

3.35

a 45

3.75

4.9

5.4

6.0

6.7

7.2

7.8

7.5

7.1

7.0

June.

7.1

7.0

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.5

6.4

6.3

6.1

6.0

5.8

5.7

5.7

5.6

5.6

6.5

6.4

July.

6 2

4.7

4.5

4.45

4." 4

4.5

4.4

4.2

4.1

1 Q

3.7

3.6

3.7

3.95

Aug.

3.9

3.95

4.0

4.1

4.05

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.7

3.35

3.2

3. is

3.1

Sept.

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.05

3.0

2.95

2.9

2.65

2.5

2.55

2.6

2.5

2.5

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Swiftcurrent Creek at Sherburne Lake, Mont., for 

the year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1.......:.. ...

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7. .............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

80

77

72

74

75

77

78

76

77

77

76

75

73

69

70

76

84

120

138

138

144

132

144

120

114

93

88

93

103

Q3

88

Nov.

76

72

69

66

69

70

72

80

103

132

132

114

120

114

114

103

88

80

84

103

126

114

93

83

98

88

78

76

72

70

Dec.

71

70

69

68

67

66

65

64

63

62

59

56

53

50

47

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May.

166

138

120

114

103

103

103

103

103

166

192

254

302

315

302

290

243

232

212

192

212

278

604

779

1,010

1,310

1,550

1,850

1,700

1,500

1,450

June.

1,500

1,450

1,360

1,310

1,270

1,220

1,180

1,160

1,140

1,100

1,050

1,030

1,010

983

957

930 910'

891

891

891

878

866

853

853

853

975

1,100

1,220

1,200

1,180

July.

1,140

1,090

539

508

478

471

464

456

449

459

468

478

464

449

430

412

393

380

366

340

315

290

266

258

251

243

254

266

297

328

322

Aug.

315

319

324

328

334

340

353

366

360

353

346

340

340

340

340

340

328

315

290

266

229

192

179

166

163

161

158

156

153

151

151

Sept.

151

151

151

151

151

151

148

144

141

138

136

134

132

129

126

112

98

93

89

84

86

88

90

91

93

88

84

84

84

84

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 84 and 1,450 second-feet 

(gage heights, 2.5 and 7.0 feet).

Discharge interpolated for days on which gage was not read. Estimates for October, November, and 

December, 1912, differ from those published In Water-Supply Paper 325 because of revision of low-water 

section of the rating curve.
30 SURFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Monthly discharge of Swiftcurrent Creek at Sherburne Lake, Mont., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[Drainage area, 64.0 square miles.]

Month.

May........................

July........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

144 

132 

71 

1,850 

1,500 

1,140 

366 

. 151

Minimum.

69 

66 

47 

103 

853 

243 

151 

84

Mean.

93.4 

92.0 

62.0 

516 

1,070 

430 

274 

116

Per 

square 

mile.

1.46 

1.44 

.969 

8.06 

16.7 

6.72 

4.28 

1.81

Run-off.

Depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.

1.68 

1.61 

.54 

9.29 

18.63 

7.75 

4.93 

2.02

Total in 

acre-feet.

5,740 

5,470 

1,840 

31,700 

63,700 

26,400 

16,800 

6,900

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

OTTEETAIL EIVEE NEAE FEEGUS FALLS, MINN.

Location. At Threemile Bridge, 3£ miles northeast of Fergus Falls, between sees. 

18 and 19, T. 133 N., R. 42 W., several miles above the outlet of Wall Lake and 20 

miles below Ottertail Lake, through which the river flows.

Records available. May 9, 1904, to October 22, 1913. A gaging station was maintained from May 1, 1899, to May 14, 1904, by the Engineer Corps, United States 

Army, at the outlet of Ottertail Lake, where the drainage area is about 12 per cent 

less than at the Geological Survey station, with no important tributaries intervening. The observations at Fergus Falls in connection with those at the outlet 

of Ottertail Lake furnish a 14-year record of flow of the river below Ottertail Lake. 

 A concrete dam has been built about 500 feet below the gage for the purpose of 

diverting water into a power canal. Backwater from this dam appeared at the 

gage about October 4, 1913. The station was therefore discontinued on October 

22, 1913, and reestablished on October 29, 1913, about 5 miles above the old site.

Drainage area. 1,310 square miles.

Gage. Chain attached to the bridge; read once daily to half-tenths. Limits of use: 

Half-tenths below and tenths above 4.0 feet.

Channel and control. Practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. Discharge measurements are made from the bridge 

except at extreme low stages, when they are made at a wading section.

Winter flow. The river is frozen over from December, to March and measurements 

are made to determine the winter flow.

Regulation. Ottertail Lake, about 22 square miles in area, forms a natural reservoir 

which regulates the flow of the river to such an extent that the recorded range of 

stage has not exceeded 2 feet. On the upper part of the river are a number of 

dams used in driving logs to the sawmill at Frazee, where the lowest dam is built. 

The next dam below Frazee is at Maine, several miles below Ottertail Lake, 

about sec. 35, T. 134 N., R. 41 W. During the low-water season the closing of the 

turbine gates at Maine may have an effect on the flow immediately below the dam. 

Small lakes through which the river flows before reaching the gaging station 

tend to equalize the flow at the latter point. Below the station there are a number 

of power plants, but owing to the fall of the river their influence is not observable 

at the gage.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AEEA. 31

Discharge measurements of Ottertail River near Fergus Falls, Minn., during the period 

Oct. 1, 1912, to Oct. 22, 1913.

Date.

1912. 

Dec. 17

1913.

Made by 

S. B. SouM.... .........

.....do..................

£&

Feet. 

3.23

3.47

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

o!52

«97.5

Date.

1913. 

Feb. 20

May 27

Oct. 22

Made by 

S. B. Soule"...... .......

.....do..................

W. G.Hoyt.... ........

Gage

height.

Feet. 

3.86

2.88

3.45

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

n73.9

247

343

o Complete ice cover.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Ottertail River near Fergus Falls, Minn., for period Oct. 1,

1912, to Oct. 22, 1913.

[H. G. Evensen, observer.]

Day.

1. ..................

2....................

3....................

4....................

5....................

6..... ...............

7....................

8....................

9.. ...............

10....................

11....................

12....................

13...................

14...................

15....................

16.................... 

17.................... 

18..... ............... 

19.................... 

20....................

21.................... 

22....................

23....................

24.................... 

25...................

26....................

27....................

28..... ...............

29.................... 

30.................... 

31....................

Oct.

2.' 7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.65

2.65

2.7

2.6

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.65 

2.65 

2.65 

2.65 

2.65

2.65 

2.65

2.65

2.7 

2.7

2 7

9 7

2.7

2.7 

2.6 

2.7

Nov.

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.7

2.6

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7 

2.7 

2.7 

2.7 

2.6

2.75 

2.75

2.75

2.75 

2.75

2.7

2.7

2.8

2.7

2.8

Dec.

2

0

2.8

2.9

2.85

'3125' 

3.3

3.4

..'.'.".

Jan.

3.4

3.4

3.55 s.b"

3.6

"3."65"

Feb.

3.4

3.6

3. 85"

......

3.65

Mar.

3.7

4.3

4.2

......

4.1 "s.'g" '

3.85

Apr.

3.8

3.75

3.6

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.05

2.95

2.9

2.85

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.55

2.55 

2.6 

2.65

2.7 

2.7

2.7 

2.7

2.75

2.75 

2.75

2 75

2 75

2.75

2.8 

2.8

May.

2.8

2.8

2

0

2

0

2

0

2.8

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.9

2.9

2.95 

2.95 

2.95 

2.95 

2.9

2.9

9 O

2 95

2.95 

2.95

2

QC

9 O

9 Q

2.9

2.85 

2.85

June.

2 OK

2.9

2.9

9 O

2.9

2.9

9 Q

2.85

2.85

2.85

2

0

2 ft

2:8

2.8

2.8 

2.8 

2.75 

2.75 

2.75

2.75

2

7K

2.75

2.75

2 ft . O

2 ft

2 ft

2 ft

2.8 

2.8

July.

2.8

2

0

2.8

3.6

3.8

3.6

3.45

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.1

3

n

2.95

2.9

2.9

2.85

2

0 

. O 

20 

- O 

2Q 

. O

2 ft . O

2 ft

2 ft

2.85 

2.85

2 OK

2 SK

2 ft

2.8 

2.75 

2.75

Aug.

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.65

2.65

2.65

3.0

3.0

2.9 

2.9 

2.9 

3.1 

3.1

3.05 

3.05

3.05

3.0 

3.0

3

n

9 QPi

2.9 

2.9 

2.9

Sept.

2.9

2.9

3.1

3.1

3.05

3.0

30

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.35

3 3

3.3

3.3

3.25

3.25 

3.2 

3.15 

3.1 

3.0

3.0 

30

3

n

3.0

2.95

2

QK

2 Q

2 0

2.9

2.85

Oct.

2.85

2.9

2.9

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.35

3.35

3.35

3

QC

3.35

3.4

3.4

3.4 

3.4 

3.4

"3.45

......

......

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 30,1912, to Apr. 11,1913, and by backwater from 

the dam about Oct. 4-22,1913. See " Gage" in station description.
SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Ottertail River near Fergus Falls, Minn.,for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21......:.......

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

201

201

201

201

201

201

184

184

201

168

201

201

201

201

201

184

184

184

184

184

184

184

184

201

201

201

201

201

201

168

201

Nov.

201

201

201

201

184

184

184

201

168

201

201

201

201

201

201

201

201

201

201

168

218

218

218

218

201

201

236

201

«200

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

168

168

168

153

153

168

184

201

201

201

201

218

218

218

218

218

218

236

236

May.

236

236

236

255

255

255

255

255

255

274

971

294

9Q4

294

294

274

274

274

294

294

9Q4

294

274

274

274

255

255

June.

255

255

274

274

274

274

274

274

255

255

236

236

Wfi

OQA

236

218

218

218

218

218

218

218

236

236

236

236

236

236

July.

236

236

607

607

526

449

44O

402

4fi9

357

315

294

274

274

255

236

236

236

236

236

236

255

255

255

255

236

236

218

218

Aug.

201

201

201

201

201

201

184

184

184

315

315

974

974

274

357

357

336

336

336

315

315

315

294

294

274

274

274

Sept.

274

274

Q<W

357

336

315

315

499

499

4QQ

474

Mf>

449

449

426

402

380

357

315

315

315

315

315

294

294

274

274

274

255

« Estimated.

NOTE. Dally discharge computed from a well-defined rating curve. Discharge estimated, because' of 

ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, discharge measurements, climatic records, as follows: Dec. 1-31, 

164 second-feet; Jan. 1-17,112 second-feet; Jan. 18-31,92 second-feet; Feb. 1-19,80 second-feet; Feb. 20-28, 

70 second-feet; Mar. 1-31,130 second-feet; and Apr. 1-11,150 second-feet.

Discharge for the period Oct. 1-22, 1913, estimated as follows: Oct. 1, 255 second-feet; Oct. 2 and 3, 274 

second-feet: and Oct. 4-22,318 second-feet. See " Gage" in station description.

Monthly discharge of Ottertail River neat Fergus Falls, Minn.,from Oct. 1,1912, to Oct. $%,

1913.

[Drainage area, 1,310 square miles.]

Month.

July........................

The year. ............

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

201 

236

236 

294 

274 

726 

357 

499

726

Minimum.

168 

168

236 

218 

218 

184 

255

Mean.

193 

201 

164 

103 

76.8 

130 

180 

266 

243 

322 

261 

359

209

311

Per 

square 

mile.

0.147 

.153 

.125 

.079 

.059 

.099 

.137 

.203 

.185 

.246 

.199 

.274

.160

.237

Run-off.

Depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.

0.17 

.17 

.14 

.09 

.06 

.11 

.15 

.23 

.21 

.28 

.23 

.31

2.15

.19

Total in 

acre-feet.

11,900 

12,000 

10,100 

6,330 

4,270 

7,990 

10,700 

16,400 

14,500 

19,800 

16,000 

21,400

151,000

13,600

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

B.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA.

BED RIVER AT FARGO, N. DAK.

Location. At the highway bridge connecting Front Street, Fargo, N. Dak., with 

Moorhead, Minn., 10 miles above the mouth of Sheyenne River.

Records available. May 27, 1901, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 6,020 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff attached to the breakwater for the center pier of the Front 

Street Bridge; read from the bridge or the river banks by the aid of a field glass.

Channel and control. Clay and silt; slightly shifting.

Discharge measurements. Made from the Front Street Bridge and the Northern 

Pacific Railway bridge.

Winter flow. Discharge relation affected by ice from about the middle of November to the first of April; observations discontinued. At the spring break-up on 

account of the comparatively sluggish current and the fact that the river flows 

northward into a colder district, a pronounced backwater effect is usually caused 

by ice jams and partial ice jams.

Regulation. There is a low dam of steel sheet piling a few rods below the footbridge at Fargo Waterworks, one-half mile above the gage. This dam, a tight 

overflow weir without sluices, was built in August, 1910, for the purpose of maintaining a sufficient depth of water for the intake pipe of the waterworks, 'and 

raises the water about 5 feet at lowest stage. Conditions of flow at the gage are 

not affected by this dam.

Accuracy. Because of the inaccessibility of the gage, the relatively poor conditions 

for making accurate discharge measurements, and the slightly shirting channel, 

records can not be rated better than fair.

Discharge measurements of Red River at Fargo, N. Dak., during the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

Date.

Oct. 30

Made by.

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

7,53

8.31

7.28

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

228

336

172

Date.

Aug. 23

Sept. 11

Made by.

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

8.88

8.91

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

524

568

91388° WSP 355 It
34 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Red River at Fargo, N. Dak., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

[E. H. Grasse, observer.]

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..:...........

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28...............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

8.0

7.9

7.9

7.8

7.7

7.6

7.6

7.7

1. 7

7.7

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.6

7.5

7.5

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.6

7.6

Nov.

7.7

7.6

7.7

7.7

7.8

7.7

7

K

7.4

i i

7 fi

7.6

7.6

7 f\

7.4

7.3

7.2

7.1

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.3

7.2

7.0

6.9

7.0

7.0

7.1

Dee.

7.1

7.1

7.2

7.2

7.1

7.1

7.1

Jan. Feb. Mar.

7.3

7.4

7.9 ai

8.4

Apr.

8.6

8.8

8.8

8.9

9.0

9.1

9.2

9.2

9.0

8.8

8.7

8.5

8.6

8.8

10.0

9.6

9.3

8.5

8.2

8.2

8.1

8.0

8.0

8.0

7.9

7.9

7.9

8.0

8.0

7.9

May.

7.9

7.9

7.9

8.0

8.1

8.1

8.0

7.9

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.1

8.1

8.2

8.3

8.3

8.3

8.3

8.4

8.4

8.5

8.6

8.6

8.5

8.5

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.3

June.

8.2

8.2

8.3

8.3

8.3

8.2

8.2

8.2

8.2

8.2

8.3

8.3

8

0

8.2

8.1

8.0

7.9

7.9

8.0

8.0

8.0 8.0'

8.0

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.0

8.0

7.9

July.

8.1

8.5

8.8

9.0

9.4

10.8

11.4

11.9

11.8

11.7

11.1

10.6

9.9

9.7

9.5

9.2

9.1

8.5

8.2

8.2

8.2

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.0

8.0

8.0

7.9

8.0

Aug.

7.9

7.8

7.7

7.4

7.3

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.1

7.2

7.2

7.3

7.3

7.4

7.4

7.3

7.4

7.5

7.6

7.9

8.1

8.6

8.9

8.8

8.7

8.6

8.4

8.2

8.0

7.9

7.8

Sept.

7.6

7.4

7.4

7.5

7.7

8.0

8.2

8.4

8.5

8.9

9.0

9.1

9.3

9.5

9.7

9.9

9.7

9.1

8.6

8.4

8.3

8.2

8.0

7.9

7.9

7.9

7.9

8.0

8.0

8.0

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 19,1912, to Mar. 31,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Red River at Fargo, N. Dak., for the year ending Sept.

30, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

g

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

in

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

326

304

304

282

261

240

240

261

261

261

240

240

240

261

261

240

220

220

240

240

240

240

220

220

220

220

220

240

240

Nov.

261

240

261

261

282

261

220

200

99n

9on

94O

220

200

fCO

144

162

162

162

162

126

94

78

93

93

93

Dec.

93

78

93

78

64

64

64

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

455

508

508

536

565

595

625

625

KftK

508

481

430

455

508

Qfrri

746

655

430

358

qcc

335 q-tg

312

qto

OQfi

290

OQfl

312

312

290

May.

290

290

290

312

335

335

312

290

312

312

312

312

312

335

00 K

Q^S

382

382

382

382

406

406

455

455

430

430

406

406

406

382

June.

358

358

382

382

382

358

358

358

358

358

382

382

358

358

335

312

290

290

312

312

312

312

312

335

335

335

qqc

312

312

290

July.

335

430

508

565

685

1,120

1,300

1,460

1,430

1,400

1,210

1,060

839

777

71 f\

625

430

358

358

358

335

335

qqc

335

335

qio

312

312

290

312

Aug.

290

268

247

ion

157

157

157

149

157

157

173

190

ion

ion

208

227

335

AKK

536

CAQ

481

455

406

358

312

290

268

Sept.

227

190

ion

208

247

qto

358

406

430

536

w»

KQC

655

, 715

777

OQQ

777

KQC

455

406

382

qeo

312

9QO

OQft

290

9QO

312

312

312

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two fairly well defined rating curves. Discharge estimated 

because of ice from Nov. 19 to Dec. 7,1912.
HUDSON BAY DEAINAGE AREA. 35 

Monthly discharge of Red River at Fargo, N. Dak., for the year ending Sept. 80, 1913.

Month.

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

326

282 

93 

870 

455 

382 

1.460 

536 

839

Minimum.

220 

78 

64 

290 

290 

290 

290 

142 

190

Mean.

248 

182 

76.3 

461 

361 

339 

638 

270 

421

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

D. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

B.

RED RIVER AT GRAND FORKS, N. DAK.

Location. At the Northern Pacific Railway bridge between Grand Forks, N. Dak., 

and East Grand Forks, Minn., about half a mile below mouth of Red Lake River.

Records available. May 26, 1901, to September 30, 1913. Gage-height records 

have, however, been kept by the United States Engineer Corps for about 30 years 

at this point.

Drainage area. 25,000 square miles.

Gages. Staff and chain, attached to Northern Pacific Railway bridge. As a rule 

the chain gage is read only during periods of extremely low water. The United 

States Engineer Corps gage is on the breakwater to which the United States Geological Survey staff gage is attached, but at a datum 5 feet higher..

Channel and control. Clay and silt; shifts slightly.

Discharge measurements. Made from the Great Northern Railway bridge about 

one-fifth mile above gage.

Winter flow. The river flows under smooth ice from about the middle of November 

to the middle of April; the flow during the winter fluctuates little, and since 

1895 enough discharge measurements have been made each winter to give fairly 

satisfactory summaries for the winter.

When the ice breaks up in the spring, because the river has only a gentle current and because it flows north into cooler regions where the river is not yet open, 

the gage reading is usually excessively and disproportionately high for a few 

days or weeks, so that the figures for quantity of flow must depend largely on 

estimation; actual measurements when the river appeared entirely open and 

clear of ice at this point have sometimes shown the gage reading to be 5 feet 

greater than would have been needed for the same discharge later in the season, 

after the whole length of the river was entirely open.

Regulation. There are no dams or other obstructions below, nor rapids, the channel being fairly uniform for miles. Above there are no power plants, dams, 

or reservoirs affecting the flow nearer than Crookston, on Red Lake River, 25 

miles above Grand Forks, along the general course of the valley; about half the 

water comes from Red Lake River, but the storage at the Crookston plant is so 

small that-no fluctuations caused by it have been discovered at Grand Forks. 

On the other branch, the Red River proper, and its tributaries above Grand 

Forks, there are no reservoirs or power plants for a hundred miles above.
36 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Discharge measurements of Red River at Grand Forks, N. Dak., during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Oct. 12

Nov. 8

12

Dec. 12

Jan. 25

Mar. 8

21

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

E. J. Budge............

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6.30

5.12

5.02

5.00

4.50

3.90

4.80

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,210

923

942

0473

«319

0196

o326

Date.

Apr. 17

28

May 12

23

July 3

Sept. 8

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

15.86

10.47

7.24

6.84

5.18

4.09

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

7,310

3,620

1,730

1,620

973

568

a Eiver frozen over.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Red River at Grand Forks, N. Dak., for the year ending Sept.

SO, 1913.

[H. L. Hayes, observer.]

Day.

1...... ........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7.............. 

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............. 

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17....:.........

18..............

19.............. 

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24.. ............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

9.0

8.8

8.6

8.3

7.8

7.4

7.0

6.8

.6.7

6.6

6.4 

6.3

6.0

5.9

5.8

5.6

5.5

5.6

5.5 

5.5

5.4

5.3

5.4

5.6

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.6

Nov.

5.7

5.6

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.1

5.0 

5.1

5.2

5.2

5.2 

5.0

5.0

4.9

4.8

4.5

4.6

4.0

4.4 

4.6

4.5

5.2

4.8

5.0

4.5

4.5

5.0

4.7

4.8

4 4

Dec.

5.2

~"5."6"

4.8

4.7

4.6

Jan.

4.4

-------

4.3

4.1

3.9

3

E

Feb.

 

3.2

.......

3.0

"z'.i

Mar.

3.0

.......

:::::::

3.5

5.4

5.1

5.8

Apr.

7.9

10.0

14.5

18.6

22.4

25.3

28.4 

26.6

26.4

25.4

24.0 

22.6

20.4

18.2

16.8

16.2

15.9

15.5

14.9 

14.0

13.1

12.6

12.0

11.4

10.0

9.8

10.2

10.6

9.8

9 p.

May.

8.8

8.7

8.0

8.4

7.7

8.0

7.6 

7.9

7.8

7.6

7.4 

7.3

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.0

7.2

7.0 

7.1

7.1

7.0

6.8

6.6

6.8

6.6

6.7

6.7

6.4

6.6

6.3

June.

6.4

6.3

6.4

6.5

6.6

6.6

6.8 

6.5

6.4

6.4

6.2

6.2

6.1

6.0

5.8

5.6

5.4

5.3

5.4 

5.4

5.4

5.3

5.4

5.3

5.4

5.2

5.1

5.0

5.0

5.0

July.

5.2

5.3

5.1

5.0

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.8

5.1

6.2

6.8 

7.1

7.0

6.8

6.5

6.2

6.0

5.8

5.6 

5.4

5.3

5.2

4.9

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.4

4.4

4.5

4.8

Aug.

5.0

5.1

4.8

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.4 

4.4

4.4

4.2

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.3 

4.4

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.6

5.0

5.4

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.5

5.2

Sept.

4.9

4.8

4.6

4.4

4.3

4.2

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.3

5.3 

6.0

6.6

6.5

6.4

6.3

6.6

6.9

7.0 

6.8

6.5

6.1

5.7

5.4

5.2

5.0

4.8

4.6

4.4

4.3

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 19,1912, to Apr. 12,1913.
Daily discharge, in seco

HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA. 37

lid-feet, of Red River at Grand Forks, N. Dak., for the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

l..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18. .............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27............'..

28..............

29. .............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2,520

2,410

2,310

2,150

1,900

1,700

1,520

1,430

1,390

1,340

1,260

1,210

1,090

1,050

1,010

940

905

940

905

905

885

864

912

998

1,050

1,070

1,080

1,100

1,110

1,130

1,110

No

1 1

ill

9

9

9

9

R

9

9

9

fl

8

8

8

8

17

fi

7.

>0

0

w

ra

ra

w

>o

>6

V.

ra

TO

H)

M)

>S

m

19

TO

30

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

11,200

9,250

8,080

7,610

7,370

7,070

6,630

5,980

5,350

5,010

4,600

4,200

3,300

3,180

3,430

3,680

3,180

3,050

May.

2 TOft

2,530

2 1 ^in

2,370

2,000

2,150

1 950

2,100

2,050

1,950

1,850

1,810

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,670

1,760

1,670

1,720

1,720

1,670

1,590

1,500

1,590

1,500

1,540

1

KJA

1,420

1,500

1,380

June.

1,420

1,380

1,420

1 4fifl

1,500

1,500

i wn

1,460

1,420

1,420

1

OJA

1,340

1

«?nn

1,260

1,180

1,110

1,030

QQQ

1,030

1 030

1,030

998

1,030

998

1,030

962

926

son

890

QQfl

July.

962

998

Q9.fi

890

855

820

786

820

926

1,340

1,590

1,720

1,670

1,590

1,460

1,340

1,260

1,180

1,110

1,030

998

962

855

752

752

752

752

686

686

71 Q

820

Aug.

890

926

820

820

786

752

686

686

686

622

591

560

560

560

560

560

560

560

654

686

686

654

654

752

890

1,030

1,110

1,110

1,110

1,070

962

Sept.

855

820

752

686

654

622

591

560

560

654

998

1,260

1,500

1,460

1,420

1,380

1,500

1,630

1,670

1,590

1,460

1,300

1,150

1,030

962

890

820

752

686

654

NOTE. Discharge determined 

fined above 1,000 second-feet 

from Nov. 1 to 18, 1912, am 

channel method used from 

discharge measurements, c, 

Dec. 1-31,1912, 422 second-i 

second-feet; and^ Apr. 1-12,

from two curves, the first applicable from Oct. 1-20,1912, and well deand fairly well defined between 600 and 1,000 second-feet; the second applicable 

1 Apr. 13 to Sept. 30,1913, and well denned above 800 second-feet. Shiftingct. 21 to 31,1912. Mean discharge for periods affected by ice estimated from 

observer's notes, and weather reports, as follows: Nov. 19-30, 650 second-feet; 

' :eet; Jan. 1-31.1913.318 second-feet; Feb. 1-28, 233 second-feet; Mar. 1-31, 282 

9,140 second-feet. Discharge Nov. 1-18,1912, differs from that published in

Water Supply Paper 325 oi account of a revision of the'rating curve'.

Monthly discharge of Red River at Grand Forks, N. DaL, for the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

October. ..................

January. ..................

March....................

April....................

May......................

June. ..................... ....................................

Month.

July...........................................................

September. ........................................ ...........

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,520 

1,150

2,590 

1,590 

1,720 

1,110 

1,670

Minimum.

864

1,380 

890 

686 

560 

560

Mean.

1,300 

802 

422 

318 

233 

282 

7,060 

1,820 

1,190 

1,030 

760 

1,030

1,350

Accuracy.

B. 

B.

C. 

C. 

C.

c. 

c.

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

A.
38 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

WILD RICE RIVER AT TWIN VALLEY, MINN.

Location. At the highway bridge at Twin Valley, 2 miles above the nearest tributary, which enters at Heiberg.

Records available. June 30, 1909, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 805 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff; read morning and evening, to half-tenths. Limits of use: 

Hundredths below 5.0, half-tenths from 5.0 to 6.5 and tenths above 6.5 feet.

Channel and control. Practically permanent. The river overflows at a stage of 

12 feet on the gage and covers an area several hundred feet wide.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge except at extreme low stages, 

when they are made at a wading station.

Floods. An exceptionally severe flood occurred in July, 1909, which overflowed 

the lower part of the valley and wrecked the power dam at Faith by cutting around 

the end and greatly increasing the width of the channel. The maximum stage 

of the flood at Twin Valley was 20 feet and the discharge about 9,200 second-feet.

Regulation. There is a dam across the river at Heiberg, but the highest point 

affected by the backwater is more than a mile below Twin Valley. Discharge at 

the station is affected by the storage created by the dams at the lower end of 

Lower Rice Lake and at the outlet of Twin Lakes.

Discharge measurerrvents of Wild Rice River at Twin Valley, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Apr. 12

Made by 

.....do.................

Gage

Feet. 

<*5.23

6.30

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

16.3

332

Date. Made by 

W. B. Stevenson.. . ....

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. b'5. 11

&S.48

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

56.6

101

a Complete ice cover.

6 Measurement made by wading at a section 200 feet below gage. Discharge relation affected by back 

water from a log jam 100 feet below gage.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Wild Rice River at Twin Valley, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913. 

[Axel Johnson, observer.]

Day.

1.. ............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14.............. 

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21.......... ...

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27.............. 

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

5.4

5.3

5.25

5.15

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.0

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90 

4.80

4.80

5.0

6.05

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.8

5.7

5.6 

5.6

5.55

5.5

5.4

Nov.

5.3

5.25

5.25

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.0

4.90

4.85

4 80

4.70 

4.70

4.70

4.80

4.80

4.70

4.60

4.70

4.70

4.60

4.65

4.70

4.90

4.90 

5.1

5.15

4.70

Dec.

5.0

5.1

5.2

5.2

.......

5.2

Jan.

5.45

5.65

5.75

5.35

Feb.

5.45

5.65

.......

5.55

5.55

.......

Mar.

5.6

7.0

.......

5.95

4.60

5.65

.......

8.0

Apr.

8.8

9.5

9.4

9.0

8.1

7.6

7.3

6.8

6.6

6.5

6.4

6.35

6.2

6.2 

5.95

5.8

5.7

5.8

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.4

5.9

6.1

5.85

5.65

5.5 

5.45

5.3

5.4

May.

5.3

5/2

5.2

5.2

5.35

5.3

5.3

5.15

5.1

5.2

5.2

5.15

5.1

5.1 

5.1

5.3

5.4

5.25

5.1

5.1

5.15

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.05

4.92

5.45 

5.7

5.7

5.6

6.15

June.

6.6

6.45

6.6

6.6

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.6

6.5

6.5

6.45

6.5

6.1

5.75 

6.1

6.15

6.2

6.25

6.25

6.3

6.3

6.05

6.0

6.05

5.9

5.9

5.85 

5.5

5.25

5.1

July.

5.0

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.82

4.80

4.80

4.80

4.80

4.80

4.80

4.72

4.80

4.88 

4.92

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.78

4.68

4.70

4.70

4.70

4.70

4.85

5.7

6.3

6.6

6.4

6.4

6.4

Aug.

6.5

6.5

6.4

6.3

6.15

6.0

6.0

5.9

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.7

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.4-

5.8

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.0

4.90

4.80

4.90 

4.95

4.80

4.70

4.50

Sept.

4.50

4.80

4.90

5.05

5.25

5.1

5.4

5.0

5.3

5.5

5.4

5.45

5.4

5.2 

5.1

5.1

5.2

5.2

5.1

5.0

4.90

4.80

4.80

4.80

4.80

4.90

4.90 

4.90

4.90

4.90

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 17,1912, to Mar. 30,1913, and by backwater from 

logs about July 28 to Sept. 30.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE ABBA. 39

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wild Rice River at Twin Valky, Mmn., for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1........ ......

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15.. . ........ ..."

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25...............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

168

148

138

120

110

110

110

92

75

75

75

75

75

75

59

59

92

307

272

272

272

272

272

272

250

228

208

208

198

188

168

Nov.

148

138

138

129

129

129

129

129

129

92

75

67

59

44

11

11

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

1,250

1,560

1,520

1,340

955

756

639

464

405

378

352

340

303

303

247

215

195

215

158

158

158

140

236

280

226

186

158

149

123

140

May.

123

106

106

106

132

123

123

98

90

106

106

98

90

90

90

123

140

114

90

90

98

90

90

90

82

64

149

195

195

176

292

June.

405

365

405

405

464

434

405

405

378

378

365 3T8

280

205

280

292

303

315

315

327

327

269

258

269

236

236

226

158

114

90

July^

75

61

61

61

51

48

48

48

48

48

48

38

48

58

64

61

61

61

46

34

36

36

36

36

54

195

203

2*8

218

218

218

Aug.

233

233

218

203

182

161

161

148

135

135

135

122

110

110

110

86

135

86

86

86

75

64

54

45

37

30

37

41

30

23

12

Sept.

12

30

37

50

70

54

86

45

75

98

86

92

86

64

54

54

64

64

54

45

37

30

30

30

30

37

37

37

37

37

NOTE. Daily discharge Oct. 1 to Nov. 16,1912, and Apr. 1 to July 26,1913, computed from two fairly well 

defined rating curves. About July 28,1913, log driving was attempted and on account of the low stage logs 

lodged along the shores of the channel causing backwater at the gage. The logs remained in the channel 

throughout the remainder of the year. Daily discharge July 27 to Sept. 30,1913, computed from a fairly 

well defined rating curve based on five discharge measurements made during 1913 and 1914. Discharge 

estimated, because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, two discharge measurements, and climatic 

records, as follows: Nov. 17-30,30 second-feet; Dec. 1-31,19 second-feet; Jan. 1-15,15 second-feet; Jan. 16- 

31,10 second-feet; Feb. 1-15, 8 second-feet; Feb. 16-28,10 second-feet; Mar. 1-15,26 second-feet; and Mar. 

16-31,54 second-feet. A study of the rainfall records and a comparison of the flow of Wild Rice River at 

Twin Valley with the flow of Clearwater River at Red Lake Falls, indicate that the discharge relation was 

probably affected by backwater during June, 1913. Estimates of flow for this month should therefore be 

used with caution.

Monthly discharge of Wild Rice River at Twin Valley, Minn., for the year ending Sept. SO,

1913.

Month.

April. .........................................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

307 

148

1,560 

292 

464 

248 

233 

98

1,560

Minimum.

59

123 

64 

90 

34 

12 

12

Mean.

163 

68.1 

19 

12 

9 

40 

452 

118 

310 

82.8 

107 

52.1

119

Accuracy.

atdaoaaoooopa

NOTE. See footnote to table of daily discharge.
40 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

RED LAKE RIVER AT THIEF RIVER FALLS, MINN.

Location. One-third mile below the dam at Thief River Falls, and a mile or more 

below the mouth of Thief River.

Records available. July 2, 1909, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 3,430 square miles.

Gage. Vertical and inclined staff; read daily, morning and evening, to half-tenths. 

Limits of use: Hundredths below 4.0, half-tenths from 4.0 to 5.0, and tenths 

above 5.0 feet. On September 5, 1913, the gage was checked with level and 

the inclined section (4.6-14.0 feet) found to be in error by amounts varying from 

0.01 to 0.15 foot. As nothing is known as to the probable time when these errors 

entered into the gage readings, the daily gage heights and the gage heights of 

discharge measurements prior to September 5, 1913, are published as observed. 

On September 5, 1913, the inclined section was rebuilt. All gage heights subsequent to this date refer to the original gage datum.

Channel and control. Channel practically permanent. The control is changed 

temporarily by log jams that form below.

Discharge measurements. Made from a car and cable at the gage.

Winter flow. The river is frozen over from the latter part of November to the first 

of April, and measurements are made through the ice to determine the winter 

flow.

Regulation. A short distance above the station is the dam used by the Hansen & 

Barzen Milling Co. and the city lighting plant. The fluctuating loads on the 

turbines, produced by the operation of the lighting plant at night and of the mill 

chiefly during the day time, cause fluctuations in the river stage below the dam.

Accuracy. Logs floated down the river may jam below the station and cause backwater. Conditions at this station are not satisfactory and similar conditions exist 

at all points on the upper river. Therefore, the records can not be considered 

better than fair.

Discharge measurements of Red Lake River at Thief River Falls, Minn., during the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Nov. 14

Dec. 22 

Feb. 11

Apr. 9 

29

Made by 

W. B. Stevenson.......

.....do................. 

E. J. Budge............

.....do................. 

W. B. Stevenson. ......

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

4.01

3.43 

5.55

7.72 

4.68

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

231

a25 

6183

e 1,960 

468

Date.

Aug. 14

15 

22

Sept. 5

Made by 

E. F. Chandler.........

.....do................. 

.....do.................

W. B. Stevenson. ......

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.87

3.88 

3.95

<*4.05

Discharge.

Sec. -ft. 

204

223 

215

210

a Partial ice cover. 

6 Complete ice cover.

e No ice passing; considerable ice above dam. 

<* New inclined gage.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA. 41

Daily gage height, in feet, of Red Lake River at Thief River Falls, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913. 

{C. P. Quist, observer.]

Day.

1.............. 

2..............

3..............

4..............

5.............. 

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............. 

12.............. 

13.............. 

14.............. 

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21.............. 

22.............. 

23..............

24..............

25.............. 

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

4.55 

4.6

4.35

4.4

4.35 

4.15

4.45

4.4

4.4

4.35

4.35 

4.3 

4.0 

4.35 

4.25

4.15

4.2

4.2

4.15

3.8

4.3 

4.3 

4.2

4.2

4.2 

4.4

4.0

4.3

4.3

4.45

4.4

Nov.

4.45 

4.05

3.75

4.5

4.55 

4.35

4.2

4.35

4.4

3.95

4.5 

4.45 

4.45 

4.45 

4.4

4.2

3.5

4.3

4.4

4.3

4.4 

4.4 

4.4

3.2

4.15 

4.3

4.3

4.1

4.25

4.25

Dec.

3.65 

4.4

4.4

4.25

4.3

4.2

4.25

3.55

4.5

4.48

4.55 

4.5 

4.5 

4.25

4.3

4.4 

3.45

4.3

4.3

4.3

Jan.

.......

4.6

4.8

4.6

"4.T

4.15

4.25

4.1

4.15

3.7

Feb.

.......

4.1

4.5

4.45

"4." s"

4.5

"4.'4"

4.5

4.5

.......

Mar.

.......

4.2

4.4

4.4

""4.Y

4.7

""4.T

4.0

.......

Apr.

5.3

6.8

7.8

8.7

9.7 

10.8

9.4

9.0

7.8

7.0

7.3 

7.1 

7.1

7.2 

7.5

7.2

6.7

6.4

6.0

5.6

5.4 

5.2 

5.1

5.0

4.9

4.3

4.4

4.8

4.7

May.

4.7 

4.7

4.8

4.6

4.75 

4.75

4.65

4.7

4.75

4.7

4.6 

4.75 

4.7 

4.7 

4.75

4.7

4.7

4.55

4.55

4.5

4.4 

4.4 

4.5

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.4

June.

4.2 

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.35 

4.4

4.15

3.90

4.3

4.25

4.3 

4.35 

4.35 

4.3 

4.05

4.25

4.3

4.25

4.1

4.1

4.1 

3.85 

4.25

4.25

4.15

4.2

4.15

3.85

4.0

July.

3.7

3.65

3.95

3.70

3.92

3.45

4.15

4.15

4.05

3.95 

3.98 

4.0 

3.70 

3.90 

4.05

4.15

4.1

4.1

4.1

3.65

4.15 

3.95 

4.0

4.0

4.05

3.60

4.15

4.1

3.98

3.95

Aug.

3.75 

3.80

3.45

3.75

3.90 

3.85

3.85

3.88

3.75

3.25

3.90 

3.92 

3.75 

3.90 

3.55

3.75

3.55

3.98

3.90

3.40

3.75 

3.60 

3.70

3.45

3.95

3.92

3.95

3.85

3.85

3.45

Sept.

3.75 

3.90

3.80

3.55

3.68 

3.85

3.50

3.85

3.80

3.95

4.05 

3.90 

3.88 

3.50 

3.90

3.85

3.82

3.82

4.0

4.05

3.45

4.0 

4.0

3.S5

3.75 

3.98

3.85

3.65

3.85

3.92

NOTE. Discharge relation probably affected by ice about Nov. 21,1912, to Apr. 7,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Red Lake River at Thief River Falls, Minn., for the

year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20........'......

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

310

325

340

356

340

278

372

356

356

340

340

324

234

340

308

278

293

293

278

179

324

324

293

293

293

356

234

324

324

372

356

Nov.

372

248

166

389

406

340

293

340

356

220

389

372

372

372

356

293

102

324

356

324

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

3,550

2,340

1 fififi

1,900

1 740

l',740

1,820

2,070

1,820

1 440

1 250

1,020

815

727

644

604

456

527

324

356

491

AZfi

May.

456

456

491

474

474

439

456

474

456

422

474

456

474

456

456

406

406

OQQ

QKft

356

oca

389

278

356

OOyl

356

324

094

356

June.

293

356

324

324

340

356

278

206

308

324

340

340

324

248

308

004

308

263

263

263

192

308

308

293

278

293

278

192

OO A

July.

153

140

153

212

90

278

278

248

220

228

234

153

206

248

278

263

263

263

140

278

220

234

234

263

248

127

278

263

228

220

Aug.

166

179

90

166

206

192

192

201

166

51

206

212

166

206

114

166

114

228

206

166

127

I'd

90

263

220

220

192

90

Sept.

166

206

114

115

156

78 i*a*

143

183

169

164

78

169

156

148

148

197

919

70

197

1*U*

131

191 iw

108

156

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two fairly well defined rating curves. Rating curve used subsequent to Sept. 4,1913, is referred to the new gage installed Sept. 5,1913. See " Gage" in station description. Discharge estimated, because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, two discharge measurements, and climatic records, as follows: Nov. 21-30,200 second-feet; Dec. 1,1912, to Jan. 15,1913,125 second-feet; Jan. 16-31, 50 second-feet; Feb. 1-15, 70 second-feet; Feb. 16-28, 100 second-feet; Mar. 1-15, 80 

second-feet; Mar. 16-31, 77 second-feet; and Apr. 1-7, 1,830 second-feet. See "Accuracy" in station 

description.
42 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of Red Lake River at Thief River Falls, Minn., far the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Month.

IWenr

July...........................................................

Th6 vear »

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

372 

406

49i 

356 

278 

263 

212

Minimum.

179

278 

192 

90 

51 

70

Mean.

314 

280 

125 

86 

84 

78 

1,370 

413 

293 

221 

169 

156

298

Accuracy.

B.

C.

D. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

RED LAKE RIVER AT CROOKSTON, MINN.

Location. At new Sampson's Addition highway bridge in Crookston, less than onefourth mile below the dam and power house of the Crookston Waterworks, Power 

& Light Co.; no tributaries within several miles.

Records available. May 19, 1901, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 5,320 square miles.

Gage. Automatic gage installed in September, 1911, replacing the chain gage which 

was attached to the new Sampson's Addition bridge July 1, 1909. The chain 

gage was set to read the same as the original gage which was fastened to the bridge 

20 rods above. A vertical staff near the automatic reads to the same datum as the 

gages previously used.

Channel and control. Changes slightly from year to year.

Discharge measurements. Made from new bridge.

Winter flow. During the winter of 1912 and 1913 the flow in the river was so smal 

that there was a greater effect on the discharge, expressed in per cent, due to the 

retardation of the velocity by ice, than would ordinarily occur. Estimates of 

discharge during the winter period are therefore not as accurate as might ordinarily 

be expected.

Accuracy. The operation of the power plant causes fluctuations in the water surface 

at the station, but the use of the automatic gage should give good results.

Discharge measurements of Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Oct. 1

Dec. 23

Jan. 18

18 

Feb. 8

Apr. 12 

14

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do................. 

.....do.................

Budge & Christianson..

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6.18

4.57

3.20

3.43 

4.26

9.50 

9.00

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,650

o438

"80

o93 

"249

64,600 

4,070

Date.

May 3

5

20 

Aug. 12

Sept. 6

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do................. 

E. F. Chandler.........

W.B.Stevenson.......

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.02

6.16

6.36

4.49 

3.35

3.23

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,020

1,830

1,910

735 

267

183

a Measurement made under complete ice cover. 6 No ice running.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn., for the year ending.

Sept. 30, 1913.

[J. H. Wallace, observer.]

Day.

1..............

2..............

4.. ......... ...

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

10..............

11.. ............

12..............

11

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

1920.....;........

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

v\

Oct.

6.2

6.0

5.6

4.8

4.5

4.9

4.6

4.6

A. A.

4.3

4.4

3.9

4.3

4.1

4.3

4.0

4.6

4.0

3.65

3.75

3.8

3.6

3.7

3.85

3.7

3.6

3.65

3.65

3.7

3.8

Nov.

3.8

3.75

3.6

3.65

3.6

3.7

3.65

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.85

3.8

3.7

3.75

3.5

3.35

2.85

3.25

2.87

2.86

3.45

3.6

Dec.

3.45

3.45

3.20

3.8

3.25

3.45

3.6

3.15

3.45

3.8

3.0

3.45

3.25

3.25

3.55

3.35

3.1

3.4

3.4

3.7

3.55

3.6

4.0

3.7

3.65

3.8

3.85

3.65

Jan.

3.83

3.83

4.10

3.62

3.44

3.68

3.63

3.65

Feb.

3.72

3.66

3.44

3.39

3.24

4.02

3.38

3.72

3.61

3.40

3.40

Mar.

3.57

3.78

3.85

3.74

3.58

3.13

3.09

3 19

3.32

3.62

3.76

3.69

3.59

3.73

3.84

4.18

3.39

3.62

^ <us

^ nfi

3.53

3.66

3.95

3.62

3 75

o fin

3.62

3.52

'o 04.

4.24

4.35

Apr.

6.65

8.65

11.3

13.6

14 ^

15.5

14.8

12.4

11.8

10.4

10.8

9.5

9 1

8.7

9 1

9

K

9 0

8.4

9 0

7.2

7.2

6.6

6.2

5.9

5 7

5.85

5.85

n A.

May.

5.35

4.40

5.35

4.07

5 4

4.22

5.0

i 7Q

4.69

4

70

4.59

4.73

4

KQ

4.63

4.61

4 3ft

4.56

4.54

4.67

4

KA

4.37

3 O4

4.02

3.79

3.99

3.81

3 07

4.15

o 7Q

3.94

4.11

June.

3.92

4.38

4.03

3.87

3.74

3.84

3.71

4.01

3.65

3.65

3.66

3.58

3.52

3.43

^ 71

3.63

3.66

3.75

3.87

o ft9

3.35

3.20

3.26

3.42

3.76

3.45

3

0Q

3.24

July

3.29

3.43

3.43

3.56

3.22

3.41

3.32

3.17

3.23

3.16

3.29

3.24

3.32

3.19

3.26

3.54

3.52

3.79

^ Sft

3.74

3.56

3.42

3.35

3.44

3.52

S 9*1

3.42

3.46

Q A1

3.36

4 (U

Aug.

3.50

3.39

3.35

3.08

3.16

3.81

3.42

3.30

3.34

3.60

3.52

3.26

3.16

3,62

3.13

3.14

3.07

3.14

3.46

^ in

3.22

3.16

Sept.

3.06

3.22

3.10

3.22

3

OQ

3.25

3.40

3.42

3.34

3

0O

3.64

3.«1

3.55

3.75

3.72

3.62

3.60

3.63

3.42

3.56

3.62

3.32

3.32

3.40

3

Kf|

3.26

3.26

3.05

3.06

3.22

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 16,1912, to Apr. 7,1913.
44 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7... ...........

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

11

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,720

1,590

1,350

"1,100

910

760

965

810

810

71 1

670

715

502

670

580

670

540

810

540

412

448

466

395

430

484

430

395

412

412

430

466

Nov.

466

395

412

395

430

412

430

430

OQC

430

430

430

o450

AQA

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

6,920

6,410

5,240

5, 5^0

4.480

4,1*0

3,810

4,1*0

4,480

4,060

3,600

4,060

2,560

2,560

2,100

1,800

1.590

1,460

al,510

1.560

1,560

1,260

715

May.

1.230

690

1,230

531

1,260

602

1,020

900

844

866

790

866

790

812

800

6'0

7'3

762

834

762

675

4'3

508

409

4QK

417

468

568

409

473

550

June.

464

680

513

o478

442

389

430

377

504

354

354

358

328

306

275

377

o362

346

358

393

442

343

248

200

219

272

397

282

262

213

July.

229

275

275

321

206

268

239

191

210

188

229

213

239

197

219

'313

306

409

438

389

321

272

248

2'9

306

210

272

285

268

252

517

Aug.

299

262

248

166

188

417

272

232

245

335

306

219 188'

o240

o292

343

180

183

163

183

285

186

206

188

Sept.

161

206

171

206

258

216

265

272

245

239

350

339

317

393

381

343

335

346

272

321

343

239

239

265

299

219

219

158

161

206

a Discharge estimated.

NOTE. Daily discharge Oct. 1 to Nov. 15,1912, computed from a fairly well defined rating curve. Discharge Apr. 8 to Sept. 30,1913, computed from a rating curve well defined between 155 and 6,580 second-feet 

(gage heghts 3.0 and 12.0 feet), and fairly well defined beyond those points.

Discharge estimated, because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, four discharge measurements, 

and climatic records, as follows: Nov. 16-30. 295 second-feet; Dec. 1-31, 165 second-feet; Jan. 1-15, 145 

second-feet; Jan. 16-31,130 second-feet; Feb. 1-15,130 second-feet; Feb. 16-28,120 second-feet; Mar. 1-15, 

115 second-feet; Mar. 16-31, 120 second-feet; and Apr. 1-7, 3,560 second-feet. Discharge Aug. 6-12,1913, 

estimated 300 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

Month.

October. .......................................................

November. ....................................................

December. .....................................................

February. .....................................................

April. .........................................................

June................................... .......................

July...........................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,720 

484

1,260 

680 

517

393

Minimum.

395

409 

200

188

158

Mean.

697 

362 

165 

137 

125 

118 

3,350 

725 

366 

277 

256 

266

568

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

C. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AEEA. 45

THIEF RIVER NEAR THIEF RIVER FALLS, MINN.

Location. In sec. 3, T. 154 N., R. 43 W., at the Drybrooke ford, 6 miles north of Thief 

River Falls. The nearest tributary is the outlet of Mud Lake, which enters Thief 

River in the northeastern part of T. 156 N., R. 42 W.

Records available .-July 1, 1909, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 1,010 square miles.

Gage. Inclined staff; read daily, morning and evening, to quarter-tenths. Limits 

of use: Hundredths below 5.5, half-tenths from 5.5 to 6.5, and tenths above 6.5 

feet. On September 4, 1913, the old inclined staff gage which was in error was 

replaced by a new gage set at the correct datum. See Water-Supply Paper 325 

for the history of the old gage. All gage heights in the following tables subsequent 

to December 31, 1912, refer to the original gage datum.

Channel and control. Practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made by means of a boat and cable a short distance 

below gage.

Winter flow. Determined by measurements. River frozen over from middle of 

November to first of April.

Regulation. The dam at Thief River Falls, at the mouth of Thief River, backs up 

the water in Thief River for several miles, but the station is protected by the rapids 

below from the influence of the dam. During 1910 and 1911 drainage work has 

been carried on extensively in Thief River basin and the effect will be to modify 

the regimen of the river. The extremely low flow of 1910 and 1911 was due partly 

to the holding back of the run-off by temporary dams for use of the floating dredges 

above the station.

Accuracy. See remarks under "Gage," and footnote to daily-discharge table.

Discharge measurements of Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn., during the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Dec. 21

Apr. 10

Made by 

W. B. Stevenson. ......

E. J. Budge............

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5/00

7.96

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

ol6.7

6895

Date.

Sept. 4

Made by- Gage 

height.

Feet. 

4.10

4.00

Discharge.

Sec. -ft. 

c!2.0

c7.3

o Measurement made under partial ice cover.

6 Ice not entirely out; some ice running.

c Measurement made by wading at a section 100 feet above gage.
46 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[H. J. Maland, observer.]

Day.

1. .............

2..............

4..............

5..............

6. ... -........- 

7.............. 

8..............

9..............

10..---.......--

11..............

12..............

is

14..............

15..............

16.......-....:

17..............

18..............

20..............

21.............. 

22..............

23..............

24..............

25.............. 

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

Q1

Oct.

4.84

4.72

4.76

4.74

4.65

4.70 

4.77 

4.76

4.70 

4.80

4.75

4.70

4.70

4.65

4.63

4.60

4.59

4.32

4.65

4.65

4.73 

4.57

4.13

4.38

5.15

4 80

4.55

4.69

4.72

4.57

4.70

Nov.

5.10

4.80

4.77

4.70

4.65

4.60 

4.07 

4.75

4.67 

4.70

4.70

4.67

4.65

4.65

4.77

4.90

4.77

4.75

5.0

4.65

4.73 

4.87

4.77

4.65

4.58 

4.62

4 60

Dec.

4.30

.......

5.00

.......

Jan.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Feb.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Mar.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Apr.

6.45

6.65

8.0

O 7

11.0

13.0 

14.0 

11.0

9.0

8.7

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.7

8.4

8.0

7.8

7.6

6 0

6.3 

6.05

>; QS

5.65

5.35 

5.35

5.30

5.30

5.40

5.30

May.

5.30

5.20

5 9ft

5.20

5.15

5.10 

o4.60 

5.45

5.25 

5.20

5.15

5.15

5.10

5.15

5.15

5.10

5.10

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00 

5.00

4 95

4.95

5.00 

5.00

5.00

5.00

4 on

4.90

4.85

June.

4.75

4.85

4

7*.

4.70

4.60

4.55 

4.65 

4.60

4.60

4.55

4.65

4.65

4

CA

4 fin

4.10

3.75

4.35

4.40

4 4fl

4.40 

4.35

A OK

4.25

4.60 

4.60

4.10

4.88

4.25

3.80

July.

3.75

3.75

3 on

4.05

4.15

4.22 

4.28 

4.52

4.10 

3.80

3 OS

4.30

4.35

4.42

4.48

4.58

4.58

4.50

4.45

4.38

4.40 

4.35

A OR

3.80

3.75 

3.65

3.75

4.18

4.18

4.08

3 98

Aug.

3 OK

4.25

4.18

4.05

3.98

3.98 

3.98

3 OS

3.98 

3.98

3.98

3.98

4.12

4.10

4.10

4.10

4.10

4.05

4.08

4.10

4.08 

4.10

4.05

4.05 

4 on

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.05

4 fin

Sept.

4.00 4-00

4.05

4.00

""4.15

4.10

4.10

4.05

4.02

4.12

4.18

4.16

4.15

4.10

4.10

4.10 

4.10

4.10

4.14

4.15 

4.10

4.10

4.11

4.12

4.12

a Gage height probably 1 foot too low.

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 16,1912, to Apr. 10,1913. See " Gage" in station 

description.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA. 47

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn.,for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1....... .......

2 jf.

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

Oct.

55

AK

48

46

39

43

49

48

43

51

47

43

43

39

37

35

34

18

39

39

45

33

8.8

21

90

51

32

42

45

33

Nov.

84

51

49

43

39

35

6.9

47

41

43

41

39

on

49

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

1 000 I'ooo

1,000

I 000

1^250

1,140

1,000

935

865

622

437-

364

336

252

172

172

159

159

185

159

May.

159

134

134

134

122

110

0239

198

146

122

122

110

122

122

110

110

88

88

88

88

88

78

78

88

88

88

88

69

69

61

June.

46

61

46

Af\

30

26

35

30

30

26

35

35

30

30

9 7

2.6

17

19

19

19

19

17

17

14

30

30

9 7

66

14

3.4

July.

2.6

2.6

5.2

8.5

11

13

15

24

9 7

3 4

6.2

16

17

20

22

29

29

23

21

18

19

17

15

3.4

2.6

1.3

2.6

12

12

9.2

6 9

Aug.

6.2

14

12

8.5

fi Q

fi Q

6 Q

6.9

6 9

6 9

6 9

6 9

10

9 7

9 7

9 7

9 7

8.5

9.2

9 7

9.2

a 7

9.7

8.5

8.5

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

8.5

7.3

Sept.

7.3

7.3

8.5

7.3

11

9 7

9 7

8.5

7 8

10

12

11

11

9 7

9 7

9 7

Q 7

9.7

11

11

9 7

9 7

10

10

10

a Estimated.

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two fairly well defined rating curves. Daily _ _,=-«,- gage height _ and 

the rating curve used prior to 1913 refer to the old gage, which was slightly in error. The rating curve 

used beginning Apr. 11,1913, refers to the new gage. Discharge estimated, because of ice, from observer's 

notes, one discharge measurement, and climatic records as follows: Nov. 16-30,22 second-feet; Dec. 1-31, 

1912, 14 second-feet; Jan. 1-15,1913, 13 second-feet; Jan. 16-31, 8 second-feet; Feb. 1-15, 6 second-feet; 

Feb. 16-28,12 second-feet; Mar. 1-15,6 second-feet; Mar. 16-31, 8-second-f eet; and Apr. 1-10, 750 secondfeet.
48 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn., for the year ending Sept.

SO, 1913..

Month.

July...........................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

90

84

239 

66 

29 

14

Minimum.

8.8

61

2.6 

1.3 

6.2

Mean.

41.4 

32.7 

14 

10 

9 

7 

657 

112 

26.9 

12.8 

8.47 

9.53

77.9

Accuracy.

B. 

C.

C. 

B. 

B.

C. 

C.

c.

NOTE. See "Accuracy" in station description.

CLEARWATER RIVER AT RED LAKE FALLS, MINN.

Location. At Great Northern Railway bridge at Red Lake Falls, Minn., about 1J 

miles above mouth of river and 2 miles below nearest tributary.

Records available. June 18, 1909, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 1,310 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff, installed September 12, 1911, about half a mile farther downstream than the original gage, as the building of a dam will cause several feet of 

backwater at the original section. Gage read morning and evening to tenths. 

Limits of use: Half-tenths below and tenths above 4.5 feet. The new gage was 

set to read 2.23 feet when the original gage read 5.83 feet. Owing to the fact that 

the new gage is at a different section, measurements referred to the old gage can 

not be used in rating the new section.

Channel and control. Practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from railroad bridge or by wading.

Winter flow. Determined by measurements made through the ice; river usually 

frozen over from middle of November to first of April.

Accuracy. Discharge measurement made September 13, 1911, indicates that the 

estimates for September and October, 1911, as published in Water-Supply Paper 

305, are too large; following tables probably more accurate. Backwater from the 

Healy dam on Red Lake River may slightly affect the discharge relation at this 

new site if dashboards are put in place at the Healy dam.

Discharge measurements of Clearwater River at Red Lake Falls, Minn., during the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Oct. 18

Dec. 20

Feb. 11

Apr. 11

Made by 

E.J. Budge. ...........

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet.

2 7Q

3.01

5.30

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

91 ^

o45

o27.3

1,930

Date.

Apr. 21

oq

29

Aug. 13

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage, 

height.

Feet. 

4.27

3 CO

3.51

2.28

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

071

544

557

87

o River frozen over.
HUDSON BAY DEAINAGE AREA. 49

Daily gage height, in feet, of Ckarwater River at Red Lake Falls, Minn., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

[Leo Steinert, observer.]

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

to..............

11..............

12.............. 

13.............. 

14..............

15.............. 

16..............

17...-.......-.. 

18..............

19..............

20.............. 

21..............

22..............

23... ...........

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

01

Oct.

4.4

4.6

4.0

3.7

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.2

3.1

3.0

3.1

3.2 

3.2 

3.2

3.05 

2.9

2.9 

3.0

3.0

3.1 

3.1

3.2

3.2

2.95

2.25

2 2

2.2

2.2

2.15

2.4

9 ^

Nov.

2.3

2.25

2.2

2.25

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.25

2.2

2.3

2.3 

2.3 

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.0 

2.0

2.0

2.0 

1.9

1.9

1.8

2.3

2.4

2.3

2.5

2.8

2.6

2.15

Dec.

2.6

2.6

2.7

2.55

2.7

2.45

2.55

2.8

2.35

3.5

3.15

3.15 

3.15 

3.1

3.0 

3.15

3.3 

3.25

3.35

3.05 

3.1

3.05

Jan.

3.1

.......

.......

.......

.......

Feb.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Mar.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Apr.

6.8

8.2

10.2

10.2

14.4

15.0

6.8

6.4

5.6

5.4

5.2

5.0 

5.0 

5.0

5.2 

5.2

5.1

4.8

4.6

4.35 

4.25

4.05

3.85

3.8

3.7

3.65

3.65

3.55

3.5

3.45

May.

3 A

3.35

3.2

3.2

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.15

3.05 

3.0 

3.05

3.05 

3.05

3.05

2.95

2.95

2.95 

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.75

2.75

2.75

2.7

2.65

2.6

2.5

June.

2.65

2.7

2 AC

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.55 

2.45 

2.4

2.4 

2.4

2.4 

2 4

2.4

2.4 

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.3

2.35

2.25

2.25

2.35

2.25

2.35

July.

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35 

2.35 

2.35

2.35 

2.4

2.55 

2.45

2.4

2.35 

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

Aug.

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

2 25

2.3

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.3

2.35 

2.25

2.25 

2.25

2.25 

2.25

2.25

2.25 

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.0

2.25

2.25

2.30

2.35

2.35

2.35

Sept.

2.0

2.3

2

9K

2.25

2.35

1 OS

1.95

2.25

2.05

2.25

2.3

2.4 

2.5 

2.45

2.4 

2.4

2.23 

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.15

2.4

2.4

2.35

2.3

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 16,1912, to Apr. 7,1913. 

91388° WSP 355 15 4
50 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Clearwater River at Red Lake Falls, Minn.,for the period 

Sept. n, 1911, to Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1911-12. 

1. ..................

2...................

3. ..................

4...................

5...................

6...................

7...................

8...................

9...................

10...................

11...................

12...................

13...................

14...................

15...................

16...................

17...................

18...................

19...................

20...................

21...................

22...................

23...................

24...................

25...................

26...................

27...................

28...................

29...................

30...................

31...................

Day.

1912-13. 

1..............

2.. ............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7.. ............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

1Q

20..............

21..............

22..............

OQ

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

on

01

Sept.

63

72 

68 

58

68 

74 

58 

74 

74

68 

74 

74 

74 

74

74 

74 

74 

74 

74

Oct.

1,110

1,2'0 

822 

633 

471

471 

471 

375 

330

288

330 

375 

375 

375 

309

249 

249 

288 

288 

330

330

375 

375 

268 

81

74 

74 

74 

68 

104 

96

Oct.

63

74 

81 

81 

81

81 

88 

74 

81 

81

74

74 

74 

77 

88

88 

88 

101 

58 

74

74 

104 

58 

74 

81

74 

88 

88 

81 

88 

88

Nov.

88 

81 

74 

81 

88

88 

88 

88 

81 

74

88 

88 

88 

88 

88

Nov.

58 

88 

166 

74 

68

77 

77 

81 

88 

88

Dec.

Dec.

Jan.

Jan.

Feb.

Feb.

Mar.

Mar.

Apr.

2,870 

2,150 

1,970

1,790 

1,610 

1,610 

1,610 

1,790

1,790 

1,700 

1.440 

1,270 

1,080

1,000 

856 

724 

693 

633

604 

604 

549 

522 

496

Apr.

693 

693 

352

268 

249 

213 

196 

180

180 

151 

151 

151 

126

151 

126 

213 

196 

180

May.

196 

180 

180, 

196 

213

249 

268 

309 

309 

309

309 

330 

375 

352 

352

309 

268 

268 

268 

231

213 

231 

213 

180 

180

196 

196 

166 

151 

126 

138

May.

471 

446 

375 

375 

422

422 

422 

422 

422 

422

352 

309 

288 

309 

309

309 

309 

268 

268 

268

231 

231 

231 

231 

196

196 

196 

180 

166 

151 

126

June.

126 

126 

151 

151

138

115 

126 

151 

115 

96

88 

96 

96 

81 

104

115 

115 

115 

138 

126

126 

a!04 

81 

81 

81

81 

96 

88 

81 

68

June.

166 

180 

166 

151 

151

151 

151 

151 

151 

151

151

138 

115 

104 

104

104 

104 

104 

104 

104

96 

96 

96 

88 

96

81 

81 

96 

81 

96

July.

63 

63 

63 

63

63

54

54 

54 

54 

68

88 

74 

104 

213 

213

213 

213 

213 

213 

180

151

166 

213

July.

104 

104 

126 

126 

126

126 

104 

104 

96 

96

96 

96 

96 

96 

96

104 

138 

115 

104 

96

96 

96 

96 

96 

81

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81

Aug.

115 

115 

96

68 

68

68 

63 

63 

a63 

63

63 

63 

63 

63 

«63

63 

63 

63 

63 

63

68 

96 

63 

63 

63

63 

63 

63 

81 

63 

54

Aug.

81 

81 

81 

81 

81

88 

81 

81 

81 

81

81

88 

96 

81 

81

81 

81 

81 

81 

81

96 

96 

96 

96 

54

81 

81 

88 

96 

96 

96

Sept.

54 

58 

126 

115 

81

54 

50 

46 

46 

46

54 

68 

180 

352 

352

375 

352 

330 

309 

268

. 288 

126 

231 

604 

663

663 

963 

1,110 

1,110 

1,040

Sept.

54 

88 

96 

81 

96

50 

50

81 

58 

81

88 

104 

126 

115 

104

104 

81 

104 

104

104

68 

104 

104 

96

88

81 

81 

81 

81 

81

a Discharge estimated on account of backwater from Healy's dam.

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 63 and 522 second-feet (gage 

heights. 2.1 and 3.5 feet) and fairly well defined between 576 and 2,510 second-feet (gage heights, 3.6 and 

6.0 feet). Discharge estimated, because of ice, from observer's notes, discharge measurements, and climatic records, as follows: Nov. 11-30,1911, 70 second-feet; Dec. 1-31,1911,65 second-feet; Jan. 1-31,1912, 

30 second-feet; Feb. 1-29. 35 second-feet; Mar. 1-31, 38 second-feet; Apr. 1-12, 420 second-feet; Nov. 16- 

30, 75 second-feet; Dec. 1-31. 1912, 60 second-feet; Jan. 1-15, 1913, 38 second-feet; Jan. 16-31, 32 secondfeet; Feb. 1-15, 28 second-feet; Feb. 16-28,30 second-feet; Mar. 1-15,30 second-feet; Mar. 16-31.35 Secondfeet; and Apr. 1-7,1913,1,340 second-feet. Discharge, July 24-31,1912, estimated on account of backwater 

from Healy's dam at 170 second-feet.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA. 51

Monthly discharge of Ckarwater River at Red Lake Falls, Minn.,from Sept. 12,1911, to

Sept. 30, 1913.

[Drainage area, 1,310 square miles.]«

Month.

1911.

1912.

March.........................................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1913.

April..........................................................

May...........................................................

July. .......................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

74

104

375 

151

iis

1,110

1,270

471 

180 

138 

96 

126

Minimum.

58

58

126 

126 

68 

54 

54 

46

68

126 

81 

81 

54 

50

Mean.

70.7

80.0 

75.5 

65 

30 

35 

38 

317 

241 

109 

136 

69.4 

337

127

365 

79.9 

60 

34.9 

28.9 

32.6 

1,290 

301 

120 

100 

84.7 

87.8

215

Accuracy.

B.

B. 

C. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

C. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B.

A. 

C. 

C. 

C.

c. 

c.

B.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B.

a Estimates of "run-oft in second-feet per square mile" and "run-off (depth in inches on drainage area)" 

omitted because of the large amount of swamp land (some of which is being drained artificially) in the area 

above this station.

SOUTH BRANCH OF TWO RIVERS AT HALLOCK, MINN.

Location. In sec. 12, T. 161 N., R. 49 W., at private wagon bridge on farm of John 

Ross, half a mile north of Hallock; a mile below the nearest tributary, a small 

creek that enters from the west.

Records available. April 29, 1911, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 776 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff; read daily, morning and afternoon, to tenths. Occasional 

readings taken to half-tenths. Limits of use: Huridredths below 2.5, half-tenths 

from 2.5 to 4.0, and tenths above 4.0 feet.

Channel and control. Probably permanent. The control is an abandoned looserock dam 4 feet high, a mile or more below the station. The dam was formerly 

used to raise the water level for a railroad water tank.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Winter flow. River frozen over from November to April; gage readings discontinued.
52 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Discharge measurements of South Branch of Two Rivers at Hallock, Minn., during the

year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Apr. 14

30

Made by 

E. J. Budge............

Gage

Feet. 

13.51

4.53

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

ol,090

ion

Date.

Aug. 23

Made by 

E. F. Chandler.........

A

Feet. 

1.96

1.51

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

623.5

63.1

a Some ice running.

6 Measurement made by wading at a section above the gage. ,

Daily gage height, in feet, of South Branch of Two Rivers at Hallock, Minn., for

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

[W. P. Willardson, observer.]

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

A q

4.3

4.5

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.7

4.4

4.2

4.0

3.8

3.6

3.4

3.4

3.1

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.65

2.6

2.6

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.6

2.6

2.8

Nov.

2.9

2.9

2.9

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.9 3 n

3.0

3.0

2.9

2

0

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.6

2.5

2.45

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.2

2.3

Dec Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

4.4

9.7

11.3

11.3

11.0

11.9

13.2

15.0

15.2

15.6

15.8

15.3

14.6

13.6

12.6

11.5

10.0

8.4

7.5

6.8

6.4

5.9

5.7

5.9

6.0

.5.6

5.4

5.1

4.8

4.6

May.

4.2

4.0

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.05

2.95

2.9

2.85

2.8

2.75

2.7

2.6

2.55

2.5

2.45

2.4

2.35

2.3

2.25

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.15

June.

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.05

2.05

2.0

1.95

1 O

1.9

1.9

1.85

1.8

1.75

1.75

1.7

1.65

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.65

1.6

1.55

 1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

July.

1.45

1.45

1.45

1 45

1.45

1 45

1.45

1 Af>

1.4

1.4

1.6

1.6

1.65

1.65

1 65

1.6

1.58

1.6

1.6

1.55

1.5

1 45

1.45

1.45

1.4

1.4

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.3

Aug.

1.3

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.15

1.4

1.45

1.55

1.52

1.72

1.65

1.7

1.68

1.6

1.9

2.7

2.15

1.95

1.85

1.85

1.8

1.8

1.78

1.72

1.68

1.62

Sept.

1.6

1 IK

1.55

1.55

1.5

L5

1.5

1 45

1.4

1.7

L7

1.7

1.65

1.62

1.6

1.6

1.75

1.95

2.15

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.0

1.92

1.88

1.8

1.78

1.75

1.82

NOTE. Discharge relation affected lay ice about Nov. 16,1912, to Apr. 12,1913.
HUDSON BAY DBAINAGE AREA.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Branch of Two Rivers at Hallock, Minn.,for tile

year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

1Q

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

91

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

179

17Q

197

206

206

206

215

188

170

152

144

loft

120

IfU

104

83

76

RQ

63

63

63

54

51

51

39

39

39

30

51

51

63

Nov.

69

RQ

fiQ

76

76

69

69

76

76

76

76

69

63

63

63

Dec.

v

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

1,200

1,100

1,000

890

740

580

490

420

380

330

310

330

340

300

280

250

222

204

May.

170

154

138

138

138

138

138

lift

122

108

101

94

84

77

74

71

68

65

62

56

54

51

48

46

44

41

38

36

36

36

34

June.

31

31

31

28

28

26

24

22

22

22

20

18

16

16 .

14

12

11

11

11

11

11

11

12

11

9.5

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

July.

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.5

5.6

5.0

5.0

11

11

12

12

12

11

10

11

11

9.5

8.0

6.5

6.5

6.5

5.0

5.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.0

Aug.

3.0 9 n

9 n

2.0

2.0

2.0

LO

1.0

1.0

.7

5.0

6.5

9

K

8.6

15

12

14

11

11

.22

62

34

94

19

18

16

15

14

11

9

K

7.1

Sept.

6.2

4 4

4.5

4.5

3.0

3.0

3.0

9 n

1.0

9.0

9 n

9.0

7.5

6.6

6.0

6.0

10

17

25

27

27

23

23

19

16

14

12

11

10

13

NOTE. Daily discharge'determined as follows: Oct. 1 to Nov. 15,1912, and Apr. 13 to Sept. $0, 1913, 

from two fairly well defined rating curves, new rating curve beginning Sept. 3,1913; Aug. 24 to Sept. 2,1913, 

by the indirect method for shifting channels.

Discharge estimated, because of ice, by Prof. E. F. Chandler, from climatic records, discharge of adjacent 

drainage areas, and observer's reports on marked variation in discharge, as follows: Jan. 1-15,4 second-feet; 

Jan. 16-31,2 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,2 second-feet; Mar. 1-15,2 second-feet; Mar. 16-31,5 second-feet. Data 

on which, these estimates are based are less complete than similar estimates at most stations in this report, 

but they represent the best available information. Discharge estimated, because of ice, from daily gage 

height, climatic records, and discharge of adjacent areas, as follows: Nov. 16-30,30 second-feet, varying from 

about 57 to 10 second-feet; Dec. 1-31,1912,15 second-feet; and Apr. 1-12,1913,820 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of South Branch of Two Rivers at Hallock, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913..

Month.

April...........................................................

Mav

June ...........................................................

July...........................................................

August. ........................................................

The year. ................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

215 

76

170 

31 

12 

62 

27

Minimum.

39'

34 

8.0 

3.0 

.7 

1.0

Mean.

110 

50.3 

15 

3 

2 

4 

640 

83.5 

16.6 

7.36 

11.7 

11.1,

79.0

Accuracy.

B. 

C.

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

D.
54 SUEFACE WATEE STJPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

PEMBINA RIVER AT NECHE, N. DAK.

Location. At highway bridge 20 rods east of Great Northern Railway bridge twothirds of a mile north of Neche, N. Dak.

Records available. April 29, 1903, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 2,940 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff in two sections for medium and low stage, attached to the 

abutment and a piling at north end of bridge. This gage was installed July 31, 

1911. The original gage, which can be read at medium and high stage, is a vertical staff attached to the abutment of the railway bridge. The zeros of the two 

gages are at the same elevation; at low stage the slope of the water surface 

between the bridges is inappreciable; at highest stage the readings at the railway 

bridge would probably be from 0.03 to 0.06 foot greater than at the highway 

bridge.

Channel and control. A loose-rock dam about one-third mile below the gage forms 

the control for this station. The channel consists of clay and silt and is slightly 

shifting.

Discharge measurements. Made from the highway bridge. At very low stage 

made by wading at a section below the Great Northern dam.

Winter flow. The ordinary winter discharge is less than the leakage through the dam, 

hence estimates can not be made from gage observations without numerous discharge measurements.

Regulation. The water is raised at low stage from 1 to 2 feet at the gage by a looserock dam about 3 feet high one-third mile below, constructed to give sufficient 

depth of water for the intake of the Great Northern Railway water tank. Considerable water leaks through the dam, but the effect of this dam can not be precisely determined because it is liable to be changed by ice run or spring flood in 

any year. There are no reservoirs or power plants that affect the flow.

Accuracy. On account of the varying effect of the dam at low stage, records not 

considered better than fair.

Discharge measurements of Pembina River at Neche, N. Dak., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Apr. 7

22

Sept. 4

Made by 

E.F. Chandler...........................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

21.50

10.05

2.83

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

3,870

1,320

67
BAY DRAINAGE AI£EA. .55

Daily gage height, in feet, of Pembina River at Neche, N. Dak., for the year ending Sept.

SO, 1913. 

[P. I. Horgan and Mrs. M. Camden, observers.]

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

4.0

4.0

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.1

4.1

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.6

Nov.

4.6

4.9

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.2

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.2

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.5

4.5

4.5

4.5

4.5

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

8.5

12 2

16.0

19.5

21.2

21.4

20.0

18.2

14.5

13.0

13.2

13.4

13.4

12.9

12.9

12.5

12.0

11.6

11.0

10.2

9.8

9.2

9

n

9.0

8.8

8.6

8.2

8.0

May.

7.9

7.7

7.4

7.5

7.4

7.3

7.2

7.1

6.9

6.8

6.6

6.5

6.4

6.3

6.2

6.1

6.0

5.9

5.8

5.7

5.5

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.1

5.0

5.0

5.0

June.

5.0

4.9

4.9

4.8

4.8

4.7

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.2

4.1

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.2

3.0

2.8

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.5

3.7

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

July.

3.7

3.7

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2

0

2

0

Aug.

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.9

2.9

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

Sept.

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.8

2.8

2.8

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 1-6, and Nov. 12,1912, to Apr. 6,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pembina River at Neche, N. Ddk., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3. .............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7... ...........

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29....:.........

30..............

31..............

Oct.

195

195

208

195

195

208

195

195

208

208

221

221

208

195

195

195

195

195

. 195

195

195

195

195

195

172

172

172

161

150

15ff

150

Nov.

250

300

250

240

230

230

221

195

195

195

221

200

200

200

200

180

180

180

160

160

150

150

150

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

3,810

3

QKA

3

KQft

3,120

2 9Qft

1 0 Aft

2,000

2 050

2 A Eft

1,940

1 940

1

QC/I

1,740

1,650

1,520

1 340

1J260

1,120

1,080

i nan

1 040

996

Q1O

870

May.

850

810

750

770

750

730

710

690

651

632

1OJ.

17*;

KRR

538

520

502

485

468

452

436

405'

390

Q7K

360

360

360

Qfift

5UK

330 <Nft

330

June.

330

<*ifi

316

QftO

302

288

288

274

260

247

991

208

195

183

171

159

104

84

66

49

66

84

104

136

159

171

171

171

171

July.

159

159

147

147

136

136

136

125

125

114

114

104

104

104

104

114

114

114

114

114

104

Ql

84

75

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

Aug.

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

75

71

84

84

84

75

75

75

75

66

66

.66

66

66

66

Sept.

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

66

66

66

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two fairly well denned rating curves. The rating curves differ 

slightly below gage height 3.8 feet. It is probable that the rating curve used subsequent to Nov. 23,1912, 

is applicable also during the month of October, 1912. Discharge estimated, because of ice. as follows: Nov. 

1-6 and 12-23,1912, daily estimates; Apr. 1-6,1913,870 second-feet.
56 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge ofPembina River at Neche, N. Dak., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Month.

October ...........................................

November 1-23. ...................................

April..............................................

May...............................................

July...............................................

August. ...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

221 

300 

3,850 

850 

330 

159 

84 

66

Minimum,

150 

150

330

49 

66 

66 

57

Mean.

191 

202 

1,670 

529 

191 

106 

69.5 

61.8

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

11,700 

9,220 

99,400 

32,600 

11,400 

6,520 

4,270 

3,680

Accuracy.

C. 

D. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

WEST BRANCH OF ROSEAU RIVER NEAR MALUNG, MINN.

Location. Near the center of sec. 7, T. 161 N., R. 39 W., at the highway bridge, 6J 

miles south of Roseau, 1 mile west of Malung post office, and half a mile above the 

mouth of the East Branch.

Records available. May 6, 1911, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 265 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff, read once daily to half-tenths. Limits of use: Half-tenths 

below and tenths above 4.5 feet. During the spring of 1913 (presumably in 

March), the gage had lowered 0.21 foot, probably due to the settling of the earth 

approach to the bridge which pushed down the plank fillers behind the abutment, 

the gage being attached to these fillers. The gage was not changed and has 

remained practically stationary subsequent to the above settlement. All gage 

heights subsequent to April 1, 1913, as published in the following tables, are 

therefore referred to a gage datum about 0.21 foot below the original datum, and 

0.21 foot should be subtracted from the gage heights previous to that date in order 

to make them agree with the datum of the gage in its present position.

Channel and control. Probably fairly permanent, although there is a possibility 

of temporary backwater from the East Branch.

Discharge measurements. Made at the bridge except during low stages, when 

they are made at a wading section. Discharge measurements are also made on 

the East Branch a short distance above the junction and on Roseau River at 

Roseau for the purpose of determining the portion of the flow at Roseau that comes 

from the East Branch, and to estimate the entire flow below that point, as conditions of flow below the junction of the two branches are very unfavorable for 

the establishment of a regular station.

Winter flow. River frozen over November to April; observations discontinued.

Regulation. Much of the area drained by Roseau River is so swampy that it can 

not be cultivated without drainage. In connection with this work the river 

channel has been straightened and widened to 80 feet for a distance of 40 miles; 

a drainage system benefiting 90,000 acres of land south of the river discharges into 

the Roseau by 10 ditches I mile apart in T. 163, Rs. 43 and 44. Another ditch 

system, draining about 20,000 acres, enters Roseau River in sec, 6, T. 162 N., 

R. 39 W.

Discharge measurements of West Branch of Roseau River near Malung, Minn., during the

year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Oct. 9

Apr. 28

Made by 

.....do....................................................................

E. F. Chandler..... ......................................................

>».

Feet. 

7.22

3.91

2.36

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

387

81

a 2.5

o Measurement made by wading at a section about 600 feet below gage'; velocity determined by means of 

floats.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA. 57

Discharge measurements of East Branch of Roseau River near Malung, Minn., during the

year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Oct. 9

Apr. 28

Aug. 15

Made by 

.....do........................:...........................................

E. F. Chandler............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6.43

3.38

1.21

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

344

131

ol2.5

o Measurement made by wading.

Discharge measurements of Roseau River at Roseau, Minn., during the year ending Sept.

30, 1913.

Date.

Oct. 10

Aug. 16

Made by 

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

8.43

4 Q1

2.19

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

755

197

ol4.5

a Measurement made by wading at a section above the Great Northern Railway bridge.

Daily gage height, in feet, of West Branch of Roseau River near Malung, Minn., for the

year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

[August Hedin, observer.]

Day.

2..............

4..............

5..............

7.. ............ 

8..............

9

10..............

11..............

12..............

10

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

ia

19

20..............

21..............

22.............. 

23..............

24..............

25.............. 

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

11.5

11.4

10.8

10.1

9.2

8.2

7.5 

7.3

7.2

7.0

6.7

6.6

6.5

6.4

6.1

5.8

 5.5

5.2

5.0

4.8

4.6

4.4

4.2

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.7

4.0

4.5

Nov.

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.9 

3.9

4.0

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.4

3.2

3.3 

3.5

3.2

3.0 

3.0

2.9

2 0

2.8

2.7

Dec.

.......

.......

.......

Jan.

.......

.......

.......

Feb.

.......

.......

.......

Mar.

.......

.......

.......

Apr.

12.8

12.8 

12.6

11.8

10.9

10.6

9.6

8.5

7.7

7.0

6.2

5.6

5.0

4.6

4.3

4.2

4.15

4 1

4.3

4.4 

4.3

4.1

3 Q

3.8

3.65

May.

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.5

3.7

3.8

3.8 

3.75

3.75

3.85

3.65

3.4

3.35

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.25

3.2

3.1

3.1 

3.05

3.0

3.1

3.1

3.0

3 0

2.95

2.9

2 SR

June.

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8 

2.95

2.9

2.85

2.75

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.45

2.45

2.4

2.4

2.4

2 A

2 4

2.3 

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.35

2.3

July.

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4 

2.5

2.45

2.4

2.5

2.5

3.4

^ Q

3 9

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.6

3.4

3.2

3.0

9 O

2.8

2.7 

2.6

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

Aug.

2.4

2.4

2.3

9 3

2.3

2.2

2.2 

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.3

 2.4

2.45

2.5

2.45

2 AS

2 45

2.45 

2.45

2.45

2.4

2 4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.35

2.35

Sept.

2.3

2.3

2.25

2.25

2.2

2 2

2.2 

2.2

2.2

2.4

2.4

2.35

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25 

2.2

2.2

2.2 

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 18,1912, to Apr. 7,1913.
58 WATER SUPPLY, 1&13, PAfeT V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Roseau River near Malung, Minn.,for 

the year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

I.... ..........

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,040

1,030

926

660

514

421

3%

384

O«A

325

314

303

292

260

230

200

173

155

138

122

108

94

80

73

67

61

55

61

80

115

Nov.

115

108

101

80

80

73

71

73

80

Q4

Q4

87

80

71

67

55

55

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

854

782

674

584

485

413

350

278

224

170

134

110

102

98

110

110

118

110

94

78

70

60

May.

4Q

43

43

49

63

70

70

66

66

74

60

56

43

40

37

37

37

37

34

31

26

26

24

21

26

26

21

21

18

16

14

June.

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

18

16

14

10

9.0

7.0

7.0

5.4

5.4

5.4

4.7

4.7

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

2.8

2.8

4.0

4.0

3.4

2.8

July.

2.8

2.8

2

O

2.8

4.0

4.0

4.0

5.4

4.7

4.0

5.4

5.4

43

78

78

78

78

70

56

43

31

21

16

12

9.0

7.0

9.0

7.0

5.4

5.4

5.4

Aug.

4.0

4.0

2.8

2.8

2.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

2.8

4.0

4.7

5.4

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.4

3.4

Sept.

2.8

2.8

2.3

2.3

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

4.0

4.0

3.4

2.8

2

0

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well denned between 49 and 440 second-feet 

(gage heights, 3.5 and 8.0 feet) and poorly defined beyond these stages. Discharge estimated, because of 

ice, from gage heights,-observer's notes, climatic records, and discharge of adjacent drainage areas, as follows: Nov. 18-30. 27 second-feet, and Dec. 1-31,1912,10 second-feet. Discharge estimated, because of ice 

by Prof. E. F. Chandler, from climatic records, discharge of adjacent drainage areas, and observer's notes 

concerning any marked variation in discharge, as follows: Jan. 1-31,3 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,1 second-foot; 

Mar. 1-31, 2 second-feet; and Apr. 1-7,340 second-feet. It should be noted that these estimates are based 

on less data than estimates at most stations in this report and that they simply represent the best values 

available for publication.

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Roseau River near Malung, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Month.

May...........................................................

July. .....................................................

August... ......................................................

The year............................... ..................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1.040 

115

74

18 

78 

5.4 

4.0

Minimum.

55

14 

2.8 

2.8 

1.8 

1.8

Mean.

318 

68.0 

10 

3 

1 

2 

303 

40.1 

7.68 

22.6 

3.37 

2.35

64.4

Accuracy.

C. 

C.

C. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

D. 

D.

NOTE. See footnote to table of daily discharge.
HUDSON BAY DKAINAGE" AREA. 59

MOUSE EIVEE AT MINOT, N. DAK.

Location. At the Anne Street foot bridge northeast of the Great Northern Railway 

roundhouse at Minot, N. Dak.

Records available. May 5,1903, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 8,400 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff attached to pier of the Anne Street Bridge. The original gage, 

superseded in 1910 by this gage, was at a bridge about 40 rods farther upstream. 

At low stage, because the water is ponded by a dam below, there is no appreciable 

slope in the water surface and the gage zeros at the old and present sites have the 

same elevation; at high stage there is a slight slope in the water surface; hence, 

at highest stage the present gage would read slightly less than the original gage 

would have done, but the difference is probably less than 0.1 foot, even at extreme 

high water.

Channel and control. Clay and silt; slightly shifting.

Discharge measurements. Made, from the Anne Street Bridge at medium and 

high stages. At low stage made by wading some rods below the dam at the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway water tank.

Winter flow. Discharge relation somewhat affected by ice from about the middle 

of November to the middle of April. In most winters the discharge is very 

small, as has been found by occasional discharge measurements. Thus, from a 

few gage readings each winter approximate estimates of flow may be made.

Regulation. A dam 4 feet high at the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie 

Railway water tank, 1 mile below the gage (along the channel), raises the water 

at the gage about 3 feet at ordinary low stage. The dam has no sluices, being 

designed merely to give enough depth of water for the intake-pipe suction; but 

it is not absolutely tight. When the discharge is less than about 6 second-feet 

the water level .falls below the crest of the dam. The crest of the dam is nearly 

level and can be considered as a broad-crested weir until (at gage reading about 

6 feet) corrections for submergence of the weir by the filling of the channel below 

the weir need be applied. During the flood in April, 1913, a section of the crest 

of the dam was washed out. A short time later the dam was repaired and the 

crest was raised slightly.

Accuracy. The percentage errors of the results for the low-water period may be 

largely due to small errors made by the gage observer and the undetermined leakage through the dam, although the error is but a few second-feet. At medium 

stages the results are good.

Discharge measurements of Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak., during the year ending Sept.

30, 1913.

Date.

Apr. 14

15

Sept. 12

Made by 

.....do..................................................................

E.F. Chandler.. .........................................................

Gage

Feet. 

8.67

8.59

4.68

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

943

928

9.4
60 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

[Ephraim Cox, observer.]

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24. .............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

4.55

4.5

4 1

4.5

1.5

4.5

4.5

4.5

4.55

4.6

4.65

4.7

4.75

4.75

4.8

4.8

4.75

4.75

4.75

4.75

4.75

4.75

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.75

4.75

4.75

4.8

Nov.

4.8

4.8

A. 7H

4.75

4.7

4 7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.65

4.65

4.65

4.65

4.65

4.65

4.65

4.65

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

Dec. Jan.

3.7

3.0

Feb.

2.0

1.8

Mar.

4.6

4.75

5.1

5.6

5.9

5.95

5.85

5.8

5.75

5.7

K A

5.25

5.1

4.95

4.90

4.85

4.80

4.75

4.7

4.7

4.7

6.9

8.9

Apr.

10.8

11.2

11.0

10.5

9.0

8.8

8.9

9.4

9.5

9.3

9.0

8.8

ae

8.6

8.6

8.6

8.6

8.4

8.0

7.8

7.5

7.2

7.0

7.0

6.«

6.6

6.2

6.0

5.95

5.9

May.

5.9

5.85

5.8

5.7

5.65

5.6

5.55

5.5

5.45

5.45

5.4

K A

5.35

5.35

5.35

K q

5.3

5.35

5 4

5.4

5.35

5.35

5.35

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.25

5.25

5.2

5.2

June.

5.2

5.15

K 1 K

5.1

5.1

<; n

5.0

4.95

4.95

4.95

4.95

5.0

5.0

5.0

K f\K

K AC

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.05

5.0

5.0

5.0

4.95

4.95

4.95

4.9

4.9

4.9

4.85

July.

4.9

4.85

4.85

4.8

4.85

4.85

4.85

4.85

4.8

4.8

4.85

4 85

4.9

4.95

<; n

5.0

5.05

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.45

5.55

5.55

5.5

5.45

5.4

5.3

5.3

5.35

5.4

5.4

Aug.

5.35

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.25

5.25

5.25

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.25

5.25

5.25

5.25

5.2

5.15

5.1

5.1

5.15

5.15

5.15

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.15

5.15

5.15

Sept.

5.15

5.1

5.1

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

4.95

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.65

4.6

4.55

4.55

4.5

4.5

4.45

4.45

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.45

4.5

4.5

4.45

4.45

4.4

4.4

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 14,1912, to Apr. 5,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2. .............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7. .............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26.......,.*....

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

30

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

30

36

44

52

60

60

.69

69

60

60

60

60

60

.60

52

52

52

52

V)

60

60

60

fiQ

Nov.

69

69

60

fin

52

52

52

52

52ff>

52

52

44

36

36

36

36

36

36

36

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

966

1,030

1,070

1 '910 080

966

1,060

1,050

1,000

966

929

929

929

929

Q9Q

890

806

761

fion

614

562

562

509

455

347

293

279

266

May.

266

252

239

200

187

174

1fi9

149

149

1T7

137

191

125

125

113

125

137 107

125

125

125

113

113

113

113

101

101

90

90

June.

90

79

79

68

68

47

47

38

38

38

00

47

47

47

57

57

68

68

68

w

47

47

47

38

38

38

29

29

29

23

July.

29

23

23

17

23

23

23

93

17

17

93

23

29

38

47

47

57

68

90

113

149

174

174

162

149

137

113

113

125

137

137

Aug.

125

. 113

113

113

101

101

101

90

90

90

101

101

101

101

9079'"

68

68

79

79

79

68

68

68

68

68

68

68

79

79

79

Sept.

79

68

68

47

47

47

47

38

29

17

10

8.3

7.5

7.0

7.0

6.5

6.5

6.1

6.1

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

6.1

«.5

6.5

6.1

6.1

5.6

5.6

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two rating curves fairly well defined for medium and high 

stages. Discharge estimated, because of ice, from observer's notes and climatic records, as follows: Nov. 

14-30,1912, and Apr. 1-5,1913, daily values; Mar. 1-31,1913,59 second-feet.
HUDSON BAY DEAINAGE AEEA. 61 

Monthly discharge of Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Month.

October...........................................

April..............................................

Ufa?. ............ ..................................

July...............................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

69 

69

1,080 

266 

90 

174 

126 

79

Minimum.

24 

30

266 

90 

23 

17 

68 

5.6

Mean.

48.0 

42.3 59- 

795 

144 

30.4 

74.9 

87.3 

20.6

Run-off (totalin acrefeet).

2,950 

2,520 

' 3,620 

47,300 

8,880 

1,800 

4,610 

5,370 

1,220

Accuracy.

C. 

C.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

EVAPORATION AT UNIVERSITY, N. DAK. 1

The evaporation gage at University, N. Dak., was established April 17, 1905, on a 

pool in a ravine called English Coulee, which runs through the campus of the University of North Dakota, which is immediately west of Grand Forks, N. Dak., and 2 

miles west of the Minnesota boundary.

The records at this station were continued during 'the year ending September 30, 

1913, daily observations being made during the entire open season, except the first 

10 days. The gage was protected from disturbance, and the records of observations 

are reliable.

The coulee drains about 60 square miles of very level prairie. Except for brief 

freshets the flow in the coulee is small, varying from 1 second-foot or less to 20 secondfeet. In very dry weather the water lies in pools with scarcely any perceptible flow.

A heavy galvanized-iron tank, 3 feet square and 18 inches deep, is placed in the 

center of an anchored raft, so that the water in the tank is at the same level as the water 

surface outside. The tank is filled nearly to the top, to a height precisely marked by 

the pointed tip of a vertical rod in the center of the tank. Once each day, after the 

change produced by evaporation or rainfall, the water level is restored to the original 

height, the precise amount of water transferred being measured with a cup of such size 

that one cupful of water is equaivalent to 0.01 inch depth in the tank.

A standard rain gage is located on the open prairie about 10 rods distant. On days 

of rainfall the difference (which is usually small) between the quantity measured by 

the rain gage and the surplus in the tank is considered the total evaporation for the 

day.

Observations were made usually about half an hour before sunset. The temperature of the water recorded is the observation of the water in the tank; as the tank is a 

metal tank, it has been found that at that time of the day there is rarely a perceptible difference in temperature reading between the water within and without the 

tank. The temperature of the air as recorded is the mean of the readings of the 

standard self-recording maximum and the self-recording minimum thermometers for 

the preceding 24 hours.

The following table shows for each 10-day period during the year ending September 

30,1913, the gross evaporation, the total rainfall, and the mean temperatures for the 

10 observations of the water and of the air.

1 For complete description of this station and records of evaporation, rainfall, and temperature for 1905 

to 1908, see U. S. Geol. Survey Water-supply Paper 245, pp. 64-67,1910.
62 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Evaporation, rainfall, and temperature at University, N. Dak., for the year ending Sept.

30, 1913.

[T. T. Quirke and J. B. Johnson, observers.)

Date.

Oct. 1-10.......

11-20.......

21-31.......

Nov. 1-9........

10-30.......

Dec. 1-31........

Jan. 1-31........

Feb. 1-28........

Mar. 1-31........

Anr 1-4

5-10.......

11-20.......

21-30.......

May 1-10.. ......

Evaporation.

Inches. 

0.57 

.61 

.48 

.15

.46 

1.65 

1.76 

1.15

Rainfall.

Inches. 

0.26 

.00 

.03 

.05

.30 

.00 

.23 

.50

Mean temperature.

Water.

°F. 

47 

42 

37 

32

37 

53

54 

48

Air.

°F. 

3,250 

48 

40 

33

38 

52 

51 

43

Date.

May 11-20.......

21-31.......

June 1-10.......

11-20

21-30.......

July 1-10.......

11-20.......

21-31.......

Aug. 1-10.......

11-20...-.'..

21-31.......

Sept. 1-10......

11-20......

21-30......

Evaporation.

Inches. 

1.36 

1.72 

2.45 

2.30 

2.34 

2.06 

1.47 

2.21 

1.75 

1.55 

1.99 

1.23 

1.68 

.78

Rainfall.

Indies. 

0.27 

.75 

.16 

.63 

.42 

.79 

1.30 

.77 

.27 

1.35 

.07 

2.55 

.00 

.10

Mean temperature.

Water.

OJJT

52 

61

65 

69

72

71 

71 

71

73 

66 

69 

61 

47

Air.

°F. 

48 

61 

58 

69 

73 

65 

66 

66 

68 

74 

67 

68 

58 

48

KAINY LAKE AT KANIEE, MINN.

Location. At the foot of Rainy Lake, at the foot of the Harder wharf.

Records available. January 1, 1910, to September 30, 1913.

Gage. Vertical staff. Prior to August 19, 1911, the gage heights were taken at the 

upper gage of the Minnesota & Ontario Power Co., just above the dam at International Falls, 2 miles below Ranier. Comparative readings taken on the two 

gages during 1911 indicated a slope of 0.50 feet between the two points, and to 

make the records at the two points comparable the readings on the Minnesota and 

Ontario gage were reduced by 488.50 feet. Recent studies by A. F. Meyer, an 

engineer of the International Joint Commission, indicate that the actual slope 

between the two gages varied from 0.3 to 1.2 feet during the period January 1, 

1910, to August 18, 1911, so that the readings on the Minnesota & Ontario Power 

Co.'s gage should have been reduced by an amount ranging from 488.70 to 487.80 

feet instead of 488.50 feet. Gage heights from January 1,1910, to August 18,1911, 

published in Water Supply Papers 285 and 305 are therefore in error, as referred to 

the correct datum, by an unknown amount varying from 0.2 to 0.7 foot. The 

dam at International Falls controls the level of Ranier Lake, which has an area 

of approximately 344 square miles. Owing to the great number of small islands 

in the lake its effective capacity is somewhat uncertain, as available maps are 

too small to show this accurately. Beginning August 19, 1911, the gage heights 

refer to the gage established by the Canadian Department of Public Works. The 

gage heights have been referred to the original datum of the gage, the elevation 

of which is 489.00 feet above that of the Minnesota & Ontario Power Co.'s gage. 

The gage was maintained at the following elevations during year ending September 30, 1913: October 1,1912, to October 9, 1912, 488.77 feet; October 15,1912, to 

September 30, 1913, 489.25 feet. The records at this station, by indicating the 

change of water level, show the gain or loss in storage due to the control at International Falls dam, and when used in connection with the records of flow of the 

Rainy River at International Falls, are of value in determining the natural 

run-off.

Cooperation. Gages owned and maintained by the Canadian Department of Public 

Works.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA. 63

Daily gage height, in feet, of Rainy Lake at Ranier, Minn., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

7.28

7.26

7.26

7.27

7.27

7.25

7.25

7.26

7.27

7.25

7.23

7.25

7.19

7.20

7.23

7.17

7.16

7.15

7.11

7.10

7.09

7.08 

7.07

7.05 

7.05 

7.05

Nov.

7.03

7.02

7.01

7.00

6.98

6.98

6.96

6.86

6.92

6.90

6.90

6.89

6.87

6.84

6.81

6.77

6.75

6.73

6.73

6.71

6.65

6.65

6.65

6.61

6.59

6.55

6.53

6.41 

6.44

Dec.

6.45

6.45

6.45

6.41

6.37

6.35

6.33

6.31

6.28

6.25

R 9*>

R 10

6.16

6.12

6.10

6.09

6.07

6.05

6.03

6.01

i oo

5.98

C Q7

5 <K

5.93

i oil

5.89

5

C7

5.85 

5.85 

5.83

Jan.

5.81

5.78

5

71;

5

70

5.70

5

AQ

5.67

5.65

5.63

5.61

5

KQ

5 ^Q

5.57

5.53

5.46

5.43

5.41

5.39

5.38

5.36

5

O1

5.27

5

oq

5.19

5.17

5.15

5.13

5

AQ

5.07 

5.05 

5.02

Feb.

4.98

4.95

4 91

4.88

4.84

4.80

4.77

4 73

4 69

4 66

A AO

4 TO

A. f?fi

4

KO

4 49

4.45

4 49

4.37

4.33

4.27

4

OO

4 10

4.18

4.15

4.13

4 09

4.07 

4 04

.......

Mar.

4.00

3 O7

3 AC

3 QO

3.87

3.81

3.75

3 7ft

3.67

3.65

3.63

3 CQ

3.56

3.53

1 4<J

3.45

3 d1

3.38

3 OK

3.32

o OO

3.27

3 OK

3

01

^ 17

3.14

3.10 

3.06

3.03 

2.99 

2.95

Apr.

o QQ

2 SO

2

07

2

04

2.80

2

*77

2.75

2 71

2.68

2 fil

2.65

2 fid.

2.65

2 CO

2.69

2 71

2

7K

2 TO

2

01

2.83

2

oe

2.87

2

QQ

2 94

2 O7

3 An

3.05

3 1ft

3.11 

3.13

May.

3 1 %

3 1O

3

*>q

o Ofi

3 ^1

3

0*7

3

00

3

A*i

3 An

3

K1

3.56

3

fiO

3.66

3 7ft

3.76

3.83

3 Q1

3 OO

4.05

4.11

4 91

4

00

d. 49

4

KO

4.61

4 69

4.77 

4.87

4.97 

5.11 

5.22

June.

5.45

5.57

5.73

5.83

5.99

6.13

6.25

6.40

6.52

6.65

6.89

7.03

7.11

7 on

7.29

7.37

7.47

7 ^fi

7.63

7.69

7.73

7

*7°.

7.85

7 01

7 Qfi

8.04

8

Af*

8.05 

8.07

July.

S fU

8.19

8.13

8.18

8.21

8.32

8.35

8 OK

8.37

8.37

8.35

8.45

8.45

8.47

8 A*>

 8.45

8

JO

8.41

8.40

8,39

8.37

s 4n

8.37

8.35

S 11

8

01

8.29 

8.26 

8.29

Aug.

-8.35

8.35

8.39

8.37

8.39

8.40

8.35

8.35

8.43

8.45

8.35

8.30

8.30

8.30

8.42

8.35

8.40

8.37

8.34

8.33

8.27

8.29

8.26

8.33

8.28

8.26

8.29 

8.23

8.28 

8.31 

8.45

Sept.

8.38

8.34

8.34

8.34

8.29

8.32

8.34

8.33

8.32

8.29

8.32

8.32

8.27

8.24

8.21

8.21

8.19

8.15

8.14

8.15

8.12

8.11

8.09

8.09

8.05

8.04

7.99 

8.00

8.00 

7.98

NOTE. Gage heights here published refer to datum 489.00. Gage readings Oct. 1-9, 1912, have been 

corrected by subtracting 0.23 foot, and Oct. 15,1912, to Sept. 30,1913, by adding 0.25 foot.

RAINY RIVER AT INTERNATIONAL FALLS,"MINN.

Location. At the steamboat dock half a mile below the dam at International Falls.

Records available. March 1, 1907, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 14,600 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff installed by the United States Geological Survey April 20,1911. 

Prior to this date the gage heights, furnished through the courtesy of the Minnesota 

& Ontario Power Co., were read on a gage just below the dam, first on the American 

side but later on the Canadian side. The zero of the United States Geological 

Survey gage is 460.99 feet above that of the power company's gage, when the slope 

of the river between the two points (determined at gage height 2.65 feet) is considered. On September 15, 1913, an automatic gage was installed by the Canadian Department of Public Works near the staff gage and at the same datum.

Channel and control. Practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from a boat at a section about 100 feet below 

the gage where the bed of the river is uniform and the velocity is regular.

Winter flow. Ice rarely forms in the long stretch of water below the dam. It does 

form, however, at the rapids below the open stretch causing serious backwater 

at the gage amounting at times to more than 2 feet. Estimates of winter flow are 

based directly on the records of flow through the turbines of the power company, 

as computed by the Canadian Department of Public Works.
64 STJEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Regulation. Since the dam and power house have been in operation practically 

no water has passed over the crest, the entire flow of the Rainy going through 

the turbines and sluice gates. The plant is run on a 24-hour basis, however, so 

that with the exception of the Sunday flow the discharge is fairly uniform.

Accuracy. Studies of the previous records at this station, based on more complete 

data than were available when Water-Supply Paper 305 was prepared, indicate 

that the estimates of monthly discharge published in that report are in error. 

The estimated errors were published in Water-Supply Paper 325, page 61. The 

estimated error for December, 1908, as given in that table should be +14 per cent 

instead of 14 per cent. Throughout the greater part of the open-water period 

during the year ending September 30, 1913, the discharge relation was affected 

by backwater from log booms below the gage.

Cooperation. Estimates of flow through the power house and results of discharge 

measurements furnished by Canadian Department of Public Works. Discharge 

measurements were also furnished by the water power branch of the Canadian 

Department of the Interior.

Discharge measurements of Rainy River at International Falls, Minn., during the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Oct. 2

Jan. 12

Feb. 20

Mar. 8

20

Made by 

R. H. Nelson a. ........

.....do.................

.....do.................

' Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.23

2.88

3.43

4.77

4.87

4.59

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

66,420

&6,940

66,730

Date.

May 22

July 23

Made by 

(a).....................

D. W. Jamisaa a. ......

W... ..................

(a).....................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3,21

4.55

7.33

3.02

2.78

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

66,020

67 Q80

68' 180

612,800

7,850 7 <wm

« Canadian engineers. 6 Discharge relation affected by backwater.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Rainy River at International Falls, Minn., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913. 

 [Robert Caple, observer.]

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7...... .........

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26....*..........

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.2

2.7

2.8

2.9

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.1

2.5

2.8

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.9

2.5

2.2

2.7

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.1

2.1

2.7

2

O

2

Q

Nov.

2

0

2.8

2.2

2.1

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.2

2.2

2.6

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.2

2.4

2

0

2.8

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.3

2.3

2.7

2

0

2

0

2.8

2.7

Dec.

2.8

3.6

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.8

3.4

3.4

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.5

4.4

3.6

3.4

4.2

a i

4.4

4.4

4.2

3.3

3.2

3.4

3.0

2.8

3.5

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.8

Jan.

3.9

3.3

4.0

4.2

3.2

3.2

4.1

4.2

4.2

4.3

4.5

3.7

3.6

4.3

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.5

3.6

3.6

4.4

4.6

4.6

4.7

4.6

4.0

3.6

4.5

4.7

4.6

4.8

Feb.

4.8

3.8

3.7

4.6

4.8

4.8

4.8

4.7

4.2

4.1

4.8

4.8

4.9

4.9

4.9

4.2

3.9

4.7

4.8

4.8

4.8

4.8

4.4

4.1

4.8

5.0

5.0

4.9

Mar.

4.8

4.1

4.0

4.9

4.9

5.0

5.0

4.9

4.6

3.9

4.4

4.3

4.2

4.1

4.6

3.5

3.6

4.2

4.5

4.7

4.6

4.6

3.8

3.6

4.3

4.4

4.4

4.3

4.2

3.2

2.9

Apr.

 3.5

3.2

3.0

3.2

3.1

2.4

2.1

2.8

3.1

3.0

3.1

3.2

2.7

2.8

4.1

4.8

4.9

5.0

5.0

4.4

4.3

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.5

4.9

4.7

4.9

5.0

4.8

May.

4.5

4.3

4.2

3.9

4.4

4.7

4.8

4.7

4.5

4.2

3.6

3.6

3.7

3.6

3.6

3.7

4.1

4.4

4.6

4.7

4.5 -4.4

4.5

4.6

4.2

4.0

4.1

3.9

3.7

3.7

4.1

June.

3.8

3.8

4.3

4.2

4.0

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.9

4.9

4.6

4.3

4.1

4.0

3.7

3.9

3.9

3 0

3.8

4.0

4.3

4.4

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.9

5.7

6.0

July.

6.1

6.2

6.4

6.0

5.6

6.2

6.3

6.2

6.3

6.8

7.0

7.2

7.3

7.6

7.8

7.7

8.2

8.4

8.4

7.9

7.6

7.5

7.3

7.3

7.2

7.0

6.7

6.7

6.8

6.2

5.7

Aug.

5.2

5.2

4.9

4.7

4.4

4.4

4.7

4.9

4.9

4.2

4.3

4.6

4.6

4.5

4.5

' 4.5

4.2

A ^

4.5

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.1

3.6

3.2

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.8

1.7

Sept.

1.7

2.7

2.8

9 O

2.9

2.9

2.8 ^ n

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.1

3.1

2.6

2.6

3.0 ^ n

9 Q

9 O

2.9

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.5

2.5

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by backwater from about Dec. 1 to the latter part of August. See 

"Accuracy" in station description.
HUDSON BAY DBAHSTAGB ABEA. 65

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Rainy River at International Falls, Minn.t for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

7,279

7 9H9

7,039

7,089

7,078

6 1QO

6,543

7,060

7,060

7,039

7,045

7,100

«6,880

6 fifii

7 083

7 ftAl

7 047

6*852

6,987

6,594

5,824

7,076

7,111

7,070

7,066

7 ftTfi

6,135

5,927

6,968

7,076

7,112

Nov

7.087

7 199

6.184

6,095

7 1QQ

7 J^g

7,' 100

7,073

6,791

6,175

1 QQS

6,568

6,923

7,020

6,955

7,041

5,261

6,511

6,999

7,015

7 089

7^033

7,050

6,174

5,978

7,002

7,054

7 047

6'687

6,422

Dec.

5,801

6,433

6,725

7,001

6,968

6,655

6 1 do

5

QOQ

S ofin

6,913

6,973

6,972

6 962

6,' 675

H i19

5,532

7,267

6,987

6,850

6,989

6,762

5,900 i R<y\

6,581

5,011

4,591

5,995

6

KAt\

5,762

5,137

6,751

Jan.

6,805

6,795

6,827

6,978

5,980

5,216

6,858

6,796

6,892

6,920

6,921

5,778

6,124

6,911

6,932

6 941

6*909

6*947 e'oi5

5,073

6,956

6,945

6 909

6*937

6,955

5

QQA

6,273

6,856

6,928

6 Q77

6,981

Feb.

6,841

5,647

6

QOK

6

QRA

6,887

6,895

6,853

6,900

5

700

5 8AQ

6,879

6,884

6,878

6,872

6,853

5,618

5,477

6,865

6,877

6,853

6,894

6 844

5' 631

6,054

6,864

6

GJ7

6,830

6,830

Mar.

6,850

5,602

5,675

6,749

6,751

6 onn

6,905

6,919

5,840

5,725

6,750

6,780

6,716

6

7Qfi

6,739

5 dfiA

5,653

6,730

6,747

6 AGO

6,752

6,715

5,598

4 921

6^840

6,813

6,811

6,775

6,800

1 QAf.

5,990

Apr.

5,856

6,246

5,870

6,187

6 634

5,406

5,438

6,621

6,801

6,865

6,792

6,783

5,883

5,419

6,715

6,837

6,801

6,716

6,751

5,324

C 9KJ.

6,368

6,706

6,758

6,726

6 74A

5,873

6,180

6,696

6,913

May.

6,826

6,831

6,814

5,978

6,331

6,827

6,827

6

O1 A

6,881

6,820

5,938

6,172

6,788

6,730

6,765

6,820

5 994

6', 163

6,772

6,796

6,777

6

TArt

6,785

6,162

6,088

6,749

6,550

6,889

6,896

6,906

June.

5,535

6,216

6,980

6,752

6,868

6 orn

6,820

6

OTQ

6,343

6,795

6,870

6,911

6,902

7,052

6,729

6,398

7 CAO

7,410

7,336

7

J7O

7,468

6,689

7,324

7 SI 4

7 840

7,856

8,798

8,832

9,673

9 8fi3

July.

11,023

11,058

11,004

11,606

U ^QO

11,503

10,343

10,106

9,663

10,817

13,475

1O CQfi

1Q EQQ

14,483

14,332

14,570

14. 9J^l

15,290

14,706

19 107

13,221

10 9KJ.

13,260

13,262

12,802

13,292

13,727

9,794

Aug.

9,490

8,828

9,223

9 048

9'i^i

9

1OQ

9,576

10,414

10,022

9,513

8,658

9,108

9,076

9,207

9,264

8,968

8,758

8,651

9,050

8,943

O QQC

9,118

8,888

6,232

7,229

7,022

6,965

7,005

6,767

6,765

5,660

Sept.

5,251

6,328

6,935

t mo

6,703

6,897

5,885

7,262

6,821

7,006

7,014

6,964

7,010

6,223

6,455

6,960

7,094

7,000

6,985

6,975

6,535

6,909

7,060-

7,046

7,215

6,994

6,915

6,021

6,600

7,033

a Interpolated by engineers of United States Geological Survey.

NOTE. Daily discharge record furnished by S. B. Johnson, hydraulic engineer, department of public 

works, Canada, and were computed from power-house records.

Monthly discharge of Rainy River at International Falls, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[Drainage area, 14,600 square miles."]

Discharge in second-feet.

March............................................ ...................

May..................................................................

July..................................................................

Maximum.

7,280

7,200

7,270

6,980

6,900

6,920

6,910

6,910

9,860

15,300

10,400

7,260

15,300

Minimum.

5,820

5,260

4,590

5,070

5,480

4,920

5,320

5,940

5,540

9,660

5,660

5,250

4,590

Mean.

6,880

6,730

6,280

6,620

6,560

6,420

6,370

6,620

7,270

12,600

8,540

6,770

7,320

a "Discharge in second-feet per square mile_" and "Kun-off (depth in inches)" are not published for 

this drainage area, because such values are believed not to represent the natural flow at this station. See 

"Regulation" in station description.

NOTE. Discharge computed to 3 significant figures by engineers of the United States Geological Survey from the daily discharge record furnished by S. B. Johnson, hydraulic engineer, Department of Public 

Works, Canada.

91388° WSP 355 15 5
66 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

VERMILION RIVER BELOW LAKE VERMILION, NEAR, TOWER, MINN.

Location. In sec. 2, T. 63 N., R. 17 W., just below the dam at outlet of Lake Vermilion, in St. Louis County, 4 miles above the mouth of Twomile Creek, which 

enters from the west.

Records available. May 17, 1911, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 507 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff. From October to April, read once daily to half-tenths; from 

May to September, read morning and evening to half-tenths. Limits of use: 

Hundredths below 1.0, half-tenths from 1.0 to 2.5, and tenths above 2.5 feet.

Channel and control. There are steep rapids just below the gage. As the bed of 

the stream is composed of solid rock and large bowlders, the control is permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from cable just below the gage.

Winter flow. Owing to the heavy fall at the gage section, amounting to 20 feet in 

200 yards, there is little or no backwater from ice during the winter months.

Regulation. At the outlet of Vermilion Lake, a few hundred feet above the gage, 

there is a dam which is used to raise the elevation of the lake for aid in navigation. 

There are no gates in the dam, but on July 19,1912, it was repaired. For a period 

after this date the flow was lower than normal as there was less leakage. The 

lake has a slightly larger storage at the present time so that the flow during the 

winter period of 1912-13 was somewhat larger than it would have been had not 

the dam been repaired.

Accuracy. Conditions are favorable for fairly accurate results, the only uncertainty 

being some inaccuracy in the discharge measurements owing to the very rocky 

section.

Discharge measurements of Vermilion River below Lake Vermilion, near Tower, Minn.t 

during the year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

July 2

Made by 

S.B.Soute.. .............................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.58

2.63

2.62

Discharge.

See.-ft. 

105

908

912
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE AREA. 67

Daily gage height, in feet, 6f Vermilion River below Lake Vermilion, near Tower, Minn., 

for the year ending Sept. 30,1913.

1...... ........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5.. ............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.. ........... .

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22.............. 

23.............. 

24.............. 

25..............

26.............. 

27..............

28.............. 

29.............. 

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

0.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

. .6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6 

.6

.6

.55

.55

.55 

.55 

.55 

.55

.55 

55

.55 

.55 

.55

IK

Nov.

0.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5 

.5

.5

.5

.5 

.5 

.5 

.5

.5 

.5

.5 

.5 

.5

Dec.

0.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5 

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5 

.5 

.5 

.5

.5 

.5

.5 

.5 

.5 

.5

Jan.

0.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5 

.5

.5

.5

.5 

.5 

.5

.5

.5 

.5

.5 

.5 

.5 

.5

Feb.

0.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5 

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5 

.5 

.5 

.5

.5 

.5

.5

Mar.

0.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5 

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5 

.5 

.5 

.5

.5 

.5

.5 

.5 

.5 

.5

Apr.

0.52

KO

.52

.52

.52

.52

.52

.52

.52

.52

.52

.52

.55

.55

.55

.......

:......

.......

May.

1 9

1.3

1 1

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.8

O f\

o n

2.5 

3.0 

3.1 

3.2

3.2

3

0

3.2 

3.3 

3.3 

3.3

June.

3.3

3

O

q A

3.4

3 A

3.5

i i

3.5

3.5

i i

t i

3.4

3.4

3.4,

3 A

3.4

3.3 

3.2

3.2

3

O

3.1

3.0 

3.0 

3.0

2.9

2.9 

2.8

2

O 

. O

2.8 

2.7

July.

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.35

2.4

2.35

2.3

2.4

2.35

2.2

2.25

2 2

2.25

2.2 

2.3

2.25

2.2 >T

2.2 

2.05 

2.2 

2.15

2.15 

2.0

2.1 

1.95 

1.8 

1.9

Aug.

1.85

1

<JC

1.85

1.9

1.8

1.65

1 91

1.2

1.1

.85

.65

.6

.55

.53

.5

.5

.5 

.5

.5

.45

.45

.4 

.4 

.4 

.35

, .35 

.35

.35 

.35 

.35 

.35

Sept.

0.33

.33

.33

.33

qq

.33

.33

.33

.33

.33

.33

.33

.33 -.33

.33

.33

.33 

.33

.28

.28

.28

.25 

.23 

.23 

.23

.23. 

.23

.23 

.23 

.23

NOTE. Discharge relation probably not materially affected by ice during the year ending Sept. 30,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Vermilion River below Lake Vermilion, near Tower, 

Minn., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day. Oct. I Nov. | Dec. Jan. | Feb. | Mar. | Apr. | May. | June. July. Aug. Sept.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

114

106

106

106

106

106

106

106

106

106

106

106

106

101

101

101

101

101

101

101

101

101

101

101

101

106

106

106

112

119

125

132

138

145

152

158

165

172

179

186

193

200

205

212

218

222

226

231

257

257

287

287

287

287 

287 

287 

'287 

321

358

398

442

442

540

540

810

1,110

1,170

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,360

1,360

1,360

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,360

1,360

1,360

1,360

1,360

1,290

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,170

1,110

1,110

1,110

1,050

1,050

990

990

990

930

990

930

870

870

810

810

728

755

728

700

755

728

645

672

645

672

645

700

672

645

590

645

565

645

618

618

540

590

515

442

490

515

466

490

442

378

244

231

208

158

122

114

106

103

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

68

62

62

62

62

62

62

62

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a well-defined rating curve; Apr. 16 to May 4, estimated. Estimates for October, November, and December differ from those published in Water-Supply Paper 325 

because of a slight revision of rating curve below gage height 0.6 foot, and estimates of daily discharge below 

this stage as published in that report should be revised by persons using them. At gage height 0.42 foot 

(the minimum stage which occurred in 1912) the revised rating curve gives a discharge about 4§ per cent 

less than that published in Water-Supply Paper 325.
68 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of Vermilion River below Lake Vermilion, near Tower, Minn.,for the

year ending Sept. 30,1913.

[Drainage area, 507 square miles.]

Month.

December. ..............................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

114 

98 

98 

98 

98 

98 

o205 

1,290 

1,420 

990 

515 

74

1,420

Minimum.

106 

98 

98 

98 

98 

98 

101 

0212 

930 

442 

76 

62

62

Mean.

Ill

98 

98 

98 

98 

98 

130 

598 

1,250 

6S5 

177 

69.9

293

Per 

square 

mile.

0.219 

.193 

.193 

.193 

.193 

.193 

.256 

1.18 

2.47 

1.35 

.349 

.138

.578

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage

area).

0.25 

.22 

.22 

.22 

.20 

.22 

.29 

1.36 

2.76 

1.56 

.40 

.15

7.85

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B.

o Estimated. 

LITTLE FORK RIVER AT LITTLE FORK, MINN.

Location. In sec. 9, T. 68 N., R. 25 W. } at the lower of the two highway bridges in

Little Fork, 1J miles above mouth of Beaver Brook. 

Records available. June 23, 1909, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 1,720 square miles. 

Gage. Vertical staff; read morning and evening to quarter-tenths. Limits of use:

Hundredths below 5.0, half-tenths from 5.0 to 6.0, and tenths above 6.0 feet. 

Channel and control. Practically permanent. 

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge. 

Winter flow. Determined by measurements made through the ice; river frozen over

at station during winter. 

Regulation. River used throughout spring and summer for log driving. No logging

dams on river; flow is natural. 

Accuracy. Conditions at station are favorable and records of flow should be reliable

except for temporary backwater, from log jams at railroad bridge below gage.

Discharge measurements of Little Fork River at Little Fork, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Jan. 15

Feb. 18

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.82

5.58

5.50

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

0113

o78.6

53.3

Date.

May 1

July 30

Made by 

S. B. Soule".... .........

B. J. Peterson. ........

height.

Feet. 

13.32

6.88

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

&3,560

598

Complete ice cover. & Logs running during measurement, but not lodged anywhere.
HUDSON BAY DEAINAGE AEEA. 69

Daily gage height, in feet, of Little Fork River at Little Fork, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913. 

[Herman I. Mous, observer.]

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16.............. 

17..............

18.............. 

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

8.0

7.9

7.6

7.4

7.2

7.1

7.1

6.8

6,6

6.8

6.8

6.7

6.8

6.6

6.7

6.7 

6.6

6.5 

6.4

6.4

6.2

6.3

6.3

6.2

6.1

6.1

5.95

5.8

6.1

6.1

6.0

Nov.

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

5.95

5.95

5.9

5.9

5.9

6.2

6.4 

6.4

fi A

6.3

6.2

6.1

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.2

Dec.

6.0

5.75

.......

"5." 7"

5.9

Jan.

- 5.9

6.0

5.6 

5.6

.......

5.6

5.5

Feb.

5.5

5.5

.......

5.5

5

K

5.7

Mar.

5.7

5.9

.......

6.1

6.2

Apr.

8.7 '8.9

8.8

12.6

16.4

17.2

18.2 

16.6

15.8 

15.4

15.0

14.0

13.7

13.9

14.0

14.3

15.6

16.4

16.1

15.2

14.2

May.

13.3

12.4

12.3

12.7

13.2

13.2

13.0

12.2

12.0

11.4

10.6

10.4

10.2

10.0

10.2

10.6 

13.4

16.4 

16.1

15.7

13.6

13.8

14.5

14.4

13.7

12.5

11.5

10.8

11.1

11.8

12.7

June.

13.2

13.3

12.9

12.4

11.8

12.4

14.2

15.6

15.5

14.3

13.2

12.8

11.8

11.0

9.8 

9.4 

9.7

9.4 

9.4

9

n

9

n

8.9

8.6

8.2

7.8

7.8

7.6

8.1

8.4

8.6

July.

8.8

8.6

8.4

8.1

8.8

9.2

a 4

9.2

8.6

7.9

7.6

8.0

9.4

9.5

9.4

9.4

9.6

9.9 

10.0

9 6

9.4

9.3

9.2

9.0

8.7

8.2

7.6

7.2

7.0

6.8

6.7

Aug.

6.5

6.1

5.75

5.6

5.7

5.7

5.75

5.8

5.85

5.8

5.9

5 Q

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.85 

5.85

5.75 

5.7

5.65

5.8

6.2

6.0

5.95

5.9

5.95

5.9

5.9

- 5.9

5.9

5.8

Sept.

5.8 5.-8

5.9

6.0

6.0

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.3

6.6

6.8

7.2

7.0

6.9

6.8

6.9 

6.8

6.8 

6.6

6.5

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.3

NOTE. Discharge relation probably affected by ice about Nov. 17,1912, to Apr. 16,1913..

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Little Fork River at Little Fork, Minn., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2.. ...... ......

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7.. ............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1 '989 030

870

70S

71 Q

683

683

578

111

578

578

545

578

513

545

545

513

482

452

452

395

423

423

395

368

368

328

289

368

368

341

Nov.

341

341

341

341

341

341

341

341

341

341

341

328

328

315

315

315

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

5,360

4.920

4,700

4,480

3,930

3,760

3,880

3,930

4,100

4,810

5,250

5,080

4.590

4,040

May.

3,540

3,060

3,010

3.220

3,490

3,490

3,380

2,960

2,860

2,560

2,180

2.080

2,000

1,900

2,000

2,180

3,600

5,250

5,080

4,860

3,710

3,820

4,200

4,150

3,760

3,110

2,610

2,260

2,410

2,760

3,220

June.

3,490

3,540

3,320

3,060

2,760

3,060

4,040

4,810

4,760

4,100

3,490

3,270

2,760

2,360

1,820

1,640

1,770

1 640

1,640

1,460

1,460

1,410

1,280

1,110

949

949

870

1,070

1,190

1,280

July.

1,360

1,280

1,190

1,070

1,360

1,540

1,630

1,540

1,280

989

870

1,030

1,640

1,680

1,640

1,640

1,720

1,860

1,900

1,720

1,640

1,590

1,540

1,460

1,320

1,110

870

71 Q

647

578

545

Aug.

482

368

276

240

264

264

276

289

302

289

315

315

315

315

315

302

302

276

264

252

289

395

341

328

315

328

315

315

315

315

289

Sept.

289

289

315

341

341

368

395

423

423

513

578

719

647

612

578

612

578

578

513

482

452

452

452

423

423

423

423

423

423

423

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a well-defined rating curve. Discharge estimated, because of 

ice, from gage heights, observers notes, 3 discharge measurements, and climatic records, as follows: Nov. 

17-30,300 second-feet; Dec. 1-18,180 second-feet; Dec. 19-31,105 second-feet; Jan. 1-14, 90 second-feet; Jan. 

15-31, 75 second-feet; Feb. 1-17. 60 second-feet; Feb. 18-28, 55 second-feet; Mar. 1-31, 85 second-feet; Apr. 

1-9,100 second-feet; and Apr. 10-16,1,500 second-feet.
70 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART v.

Monthly discharge of Little Fork River at Little Fork, Minn., for the, year ending Sept.

SO, 1913.

[Drainage area, 1,720 square miles.]

Month.

January. ... .............................

April ...................................

May....................................

July....................................

The vear. .........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,030

5,250 

4,810 

1,900 

482 

719

Minimum.

341

1,900 

870 

545 

240 

289

Mean.

539 

318 

150 

82 

58 

85 

2,470 

3,180 

2,350 

1,320 309' 

464

946

Per

square 

mile.

0.313

.185 

.087 

.048 

.034 

.049 

1.44 

1.85 

1.37 

.767 

.180 

.270

.550

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.36 

.21 

.10 

.06 

.04 

.06 

1.61 

2.13 

1.53 

.88 

.21 

.30

7.49

Accuracy.

B.

C. 

C.

c.

c.

D. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

MISSISSIPPI RIVER ABOVE SANDY RIVER, NEAR LIBBY, MINN.

Location. In sec. 25, T. 50 N., R. 24 W., a short distance above the mouth of Sandy

River, near Libby post office, in Aitkin County. 

Records available. September 1, 1895, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage^area. 4,510 square miles. 

Gage. Vertical staff. 

Discharge measurements. Made by an employee of the United States Engineer

Corps, stationed at Sandy Lake dam. 

Regulation. Flow controlled in the interest of navigation by three, reservoirs,

namely, Lake Winnibigoshish, Leech Lake, and Pokegama Falls. 

Cooperation. Station maintained by United States Engineer Corps for the purpose

of determining the flow of the river above Sandy Lake reservoir.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mississippi River above Sandy River, near Libby, Minn., 

for the year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1..... .........

2..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9.............. 10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2,440

2,340

2,240

2,140

2,040

1,940

1,930

1,930

1,930

1,930

1,920

1,920

1,920

1,920

1,920

1,910

1,850

1,780

1,720

1,650

1,590

1, 520

1,520

1,520

1,510

1,510

1,510

1,500

1,500

1,500

1,500

Nov.

1,460

1,420

1,380

1,340

1,300

1,260

1,220

1,180

1,150

1,110

1,070

1,030

990

988

986

983

981

979

976

974

972

970

967

965

ftfiO

960

QCQ

955

953

QKfl

Dec,

918

885

853

820

787

755

722

690

657

624

592

559

523

522

521

521

520

519

518

517

516

520

525

530

534

538

K4Q

548

552

t^7

563

Jan.

563

563

563

563

563

563

563

562

560

557

555

552

550

547

545

U9

545

549

552

556

559

KflQ

567

570

574

569

563

KKQ

552

546

541

Feb.

534

527

520

513

506

499

495

493

508

523

538

553

578

588

598

585

571

558

544

531

518

503

525

548

Cfirt

583

606

638

Mar.

636

633

630

628

625

622

620

617

614

611

608

600 593

586

579

572

564

557

550

543

551

559

567

575

583

591

600

608

617

626

634

Apr.

654

676

696

716

738

758

778

798

834

869

905

940

976

1,010

1,050

1,080

1,120

1,160

1,250

1 340

1,430

1,520

1,610

1 700 i* sfln

1,850

1 QOfl

1 940

1^990

9 Adft

May.

2,040

2,040

2,040

2,040

2,040

2.040

2,040

2,040

2,020

2,000

1,980

1,970

1,950

1,930

1,920

1,900

2,010

2,120

2,220

2,330

2,440

2,540

2,650

2,600

2

CCA

2,500

2,460

2,410

2,370

2,320

2,270

June.

2,270

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,250

2,250

2,250

2,250

2,270

2.290

2,320

2,340

2,360

2,380

2,400

2,430

2,450

2,470

2,500

2,510

2,520

9 ffifi

2 540

2,550

2

fUJA

2,570

2,580 9 <ajn

July.

2,470

2.350

2,230

2,110

1,990

1,870

1,750

1,630

1,820

2,000

2,180

2,360

2,540

2,720

2,910

3,090

3,270

3,450

3,300

3,130

2,960

2,620

2,430

2

Oftft

2,200

2

1*JA

2,070

2,000

1,940

1,870

Aug.

1,840

1,820

1,790

1,760

1,740

1,710

1,680

1,660

1,690

1,720

1,750

1,780

1 810

1,840

1,870

1,900

1,890

1,8'0

1,850

1,830

1,810

1 790

1^770

1,760

1,720

1,680

1,650

1,620

1,580

1,540

1,510

Sept.

1,570

1,630

1,700

1,760

1,820

1,880

1,890

1,900

1,910

1,920

1,930

1,940

1,900

1,860

1,820

1,780

1,740

1,700

1,660

1,620

1,580

1 *tAf\

1,520

1 490

1^470

1,450

1,400

1,370

1,350
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

Monthly discharge of Mississippi River above Sandy River near Libby, Minn.,for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Month.

April.... .................................................

July.....................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2.440 

1,460 

918 

574 

638 

636 

2,040 

2,650 

2,590 

3,450 

1,900 

1,940

3,450

Minimum.

1,500 

950 

516 

541 

493 

543 

654 

1,900 

2,250 

1,630 

1,510 

1,350

493

Mean.

1,810 

1,080 

611 

557 

544 

597 

1,200 

2,190 

2,390 

2,400 

1,750 

1,680

1,410

Run-oft 

(total in 

millions of 

cubic feet).

4,850 

2,800 

1,640 

1,490 

1,320 

1,600 

3.110 

5,'860 

6,190 

6,43» 

4,690 

4,350

44,300

NOTE. Computed by engineers of the United States Geological Survey from daily discharge record 

furnished by the United States Engineer Corps.

MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ANOKA, MINN.

Location. At highway bridge connecting Anoka with Champlain, a short distance 

above mouth of Rum River.

Becords available. November 3, 1896, to September 10, 1897 (United States Engineer Corps records); May 8, 1905, to December 31, 1913, when station was discontinued.

Drainage area. 17,100 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage; read morning and evening to half-tenths. Limits of use: Halftenths below and tenths above 0.7 foot. Staff gage prior to 1909; datum of chain 

gage same as that used by United States Engineer Corps in 1896 and 1897.

Channel and control. Practically permanent; control temporarily changed for a 

few days at a time by log jams.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge.

Winter flow. Affected by ice; regular observations discontinued. Monthly discharge during winter,, based on records of flow kept by United States Engineer 

Corps at Lock and Dam No. 2 below Minneapolis, allowance being made for 

increase in flow between the different points.

Regulation. Nearest dam located at Minneapolis but, because of the fall between 

the two points, does not influence Anoka station. The first dam above Anoka is 

at St. Cloud. The flow of the river is controlled by Government dams on the 

upper river at Lake Winnibigoabish, Leech Lake, Pokegama Falls, Sandy Lake, 

Pine River, and Gull Lake, for the purpose of increasing the low-water, openseason flow in theinterest of navigation. River is used extensively for log driving, 

but there is very little backwater from log jams below the station, except for a 

few days at a time. Beginning December 21 the discharge relation was affected 

by new dam at Coon Creek Rapids.

Accuracy. Records reliable. No measurements made during 1907 and 1908, but 

those made subsequently indicate no great change in rating curve as "developed 

in 1897, 1905, and 1906; therefore it can be applied to all gage heights since establishment of station.
72 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Discharge measurements of Mississippi Rivqr at Anoka, Minn., during the period Oct. 1,

1912, to Dec. 31, 1913.

Date.

May 9

Oct. 23

Made by 

S.B.Soute.. .............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.81

.89

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

«6,380

6,430

a Logs running; control apparently clear.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Mississippi River at Anoka, Minn., during the period Oct. 1,

1912, to Dec. 31, 1913.

[B. J. Witte, observer.]

Day.

1......

2......

3......

4......

5......

6......

7......

8......

9......

10......

11......

12......

13......

14......

15......

16......

17......

18......

19

20......

O1

22......

O^J

24......

25......

Oft

97

OQ

OQ

30......

Q-l

Oct.

0.1

.2

.2

.2

.1

.1

.3

.1

.1

.0

.1

.2

.3

.3

.1

.0

__ J

_ 2

- .2

- .3

2

Nov.

-0.2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .3

- .3

- .2

- .3

- .4

- .3

- .4

- .5

- .4

- .4

- .5

- .4

- .4

- .4

- .6

- .8

- .7

- .8

- .8

- .6

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

0.0

.3

.3

.0

.1

.3

.2

.2

.3

.3

.3

.3

.2

.3

.3

.1

- .1

.4

.4

.2

.5

.6

.7

.7

.8

.9

1.0

May.

1.0

.8

.9

1.1

.8

.8

.7

.6

.7

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.8

.8

1.2

1.2

1.5

1.8

1.9

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.1

1.8

1.8

1.6

1.5

1.4

June.

1.2

1.2

1.0

.8

1.0

.8

.6

.4

.2

.3

.3

.2

.2

.2

.1

.2

.2

.3

.4

.4

.4

.4

.3

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

July.

0.3

.4

».4

1.2

1.0

.8

1.2

1.6

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.6

1.7

2.1

2.0

2.0

O 1

2-0

1.9

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.2

Aug.

1.0

.9

.8

.4

.6

.4

.6

.4

.6

.5

.5

:5

.5

.3

.4

.3

.5

.5

.6

.5

.6

.6

.7

.7

.9

.8

.8

.6

.6

.6

.5

Sept.

0.3

.4

.4

.4

.3

.4

.3

.5

.4

.7

.9

1.0

.8

.9

.9

1.0

.8

.9

.7

.7

.6

.6

.5

.7

.5

.6

.5

.6

.2

.4

Oct.

0.4

.4

.2

.3

.1

.4

.4

.6

.4

.6

.8

1.2

1.2

1.5

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.4

1.4

1.1

1.2

1.0

.9

.9

.8

.7

.6

.7

.8

.6

.7

Nov.

0.8

.7

.7

.8

.7

.7

.7

.8

.7

.7

.6

.5

' .2

.2

.2

.2

.1

.0

.2

.3

.4

.4

.3

.2

.5

.6

.6

.7

.7

.8

Dec.

0.6

.6

.6

.7

.6

.6

.2

.2

.1

.0

.1

.0

__ 1

.0.1

.1

.2

.2

.1

.1

2.6

2.8

2.4

2.5

2-4

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.0

NOTE. Discharge relation probably affected by ice about Dec. 1,1912, to Mar. 31,1913, and Dec. 21-31, 

1913.
UPPER .MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 73

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mississippi River at Anoka, Minn.,for the period Oct. 1,

1912, to Dec. 21, 1913.

Day.

1.......... 

2.......... 

3.......... 

4.......... 

5..........

6..........

7.......... 

8..........

9.......... 

10..........

11.......... 

12..........

13.......... 

14.......... 

15..........

16.......... 

17.......... 

18.......... 

19..........

20..........

21.......... 

22.......... 

23.......... 

24.......... 

25..........

26.......... 

27.......... 

28.......... 

29.......... 

30.......... 

31..........

Oct.

4,290 

4,290 

4,510 

4,510 

4,510

4,510

4,510 

4,290 

4,290 

4,510

4,510 

4,740

4,510 

4,290 

4,290

4,080 

4,290 

4,290 

4,290 

4,510

4,510 

4,740 

4,510 

4,740 

4,290

4,080 

3,880 

3,690 

3,690 

3,510 

3,690

Nov.

3,690 

3,690 

3,690 

3,690 

3,690

3,510

3,510 

3,690 

3,510 

3,340

3,340 

3,510

3,340 

3,180 

3,340

3,340 

3,340 

3,180 

3,340 

3,340

3,340 

3,340 

3,340 

3,180 

3,030

2,760 

2,890 

2,760 

2,760 

3,030

Day.

1........................

2........................

3........................

4........................

5........................

6..................1.....

7........................

8........................

9........................

10........................

11........................

12........................

13........................

14.......................

15........................

Dec.

......

...:..

......

......

------

Oct.

4,980 

4,980 

4,510 

4,740 

4,290

4,980 

4,980 

5,510 

4,980 

5,510

6,110

7,520 

7,520 

8,700 

8,300

Jan.

.......

.......

.......

------

Nov.

6,110

5,800 

5,800 

6,110 

5,800

5,800 

5,800 

6,110 

5,800 

5,800

5,510 

5,240 

4,510 

4,510 

4,510

Feb.

......

......

 ::::::

:.....

Mar.

.:::...

-------

.......

::::"".

Dec.

5,510 

5,510 

5,510 

5,800 

5,510

5,510 

4,510 

4,510 

4,290

4,080

4,290 

4,080 

3,880 

4,080 

4,290

Apr.

4,080 

4,080 

4,080 

4,080 

4,740

4,740 

4,080 

4,290 

4,740 

4,510

4,510 

4,740 

4,740 

4,740 

4,740

4,510 

4,740 

4,740 

4,290

3,880

4,980 

4,980 

4,510 

5,240 

5,510

5,800 

5,800 

6,110 

6,440 

6,780

May.

6,780 

6,110 

6,440 

7,140 

6,110

6,110 

5,800 

5,510 

5,800 

5,510

5,510 

5,510 

5,510 

5,510 

5,510

6,110 

6,110 

7,520 

7,520

8,700

9,910 

10,300 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700

11,200 

9,910 

9,910 

9,100 

8,700 

8,300

June.

7,520 

7,520 

6,780 

6,110

6,780

6,110 

5,510 

4,980 

4,510 

4,740

4,740 

4,510 

4.510 

4,510 

4,290

4,510 

4,510 

4,740 

4,980 

4,980

4,980 

4,980 

4.740 

4,980 

4,980

4,980 

4,980 

4,980 

4,980 

4,980

Day.

16........................

17........................

18........................

19........................

20........................

21

22........................

23........................

24........................

25........................

26........................

27........................

28........................

29........................ 

30........................

31........................

July.

4,740 

4,980 

4,980 

7,520 

6,780

6,110 

7,520 

8,700 

9,100 

8,300

8,300 

8,300 

8,300 

9,100 

9,500

11,200 

10,700 

10,700 

11,200 

10, 700

10,300 

10,300 

9,910 

9,500 

8,700

8,700 

8,300 

8,300 

8,300 

7,910 

7,520

Oct.

8,700 

9,100 

8,300 

8,300 

7,140

7,520 

6,780 

6,440 

6,440

6,110

5,800

5,800 

6,110

5,800

Aug.

6,780 

6,440 

6,110 

4,980 

5,510

4,980 

5,510 

4,980 

5,510 

5,240

5,240 

5,240 

5,240 

4,740 

4,980

4,740 

5,240 

5,240 

5,510 

5,240

5,510 

5,610 

5,800 

5,800 

6,440

6,110 

6,110 

5,510 

5,510 

5,510 

5,240

Nov.

t,510 

1,290 

1,080 

1,510 

1,740

1,980 .

1,980 .

1,740 .

i. sin

5 7 24O

5,510 .

i.sin

5,800 . 

5,800 . 

6,110 .

Sept.

4,740 

4,980 

4,980 

4,980 

4,740

4,980 

4,740 

5,240 

4,980 

5,800

6,440 

6,780 

6,110 

6,440

6,440

6,780 

6,110 

6,440 

5,800 

5,800

5,510 

5,510 

5,240 

5,800 

5,240

5,510 

5,240 

5,510 

4,510 

4,980

Dec.

4,290 

4,510

4,510 

4,290 

4,290

.......

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 3,180 and 29,700 second-feet 

(gage heights 0.5 and 6.0 feet). Discharge estimated, because of ice, from the flow of the Mississippi at 

Dam No. 2 as determined by the United States Engineer Corps, minus the flow of Rum River at Cambridge, and the estimated inflow from the remaining drainage area between Anoka and Dam No. 2. as follows: Dec. 1-31,1912,2,640 second-feet; Jan. 1-31,1913,2.260 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,1,910 second-feet; Mar. 

1-31,2,400 second-feet; and Dec. 21-31,1913,4,290 second-feet.
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of Mississippi River at Anoka, Minn.,from Oct. 1, 1912, to Dec. 31,

1913.

Month.

1912-13.

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1913. '

December. ...........:.........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

4,740 

3,690

6,780 

11,200 

7,520 

11,200 

6,780 

6,780

11,200

9,100 

6,110

Minim run

3,510 

2,760

3,880 

5,510 

4,290 

4,740 

4,740 

4,510

4,290 

4,080

Mean.

4,300 

3,320 

2,640 

2,260 

1,910 

2,400 

4,840 

7,560 

5,210 

8,530 

5,500 

5,540

4,520

6,350 

5,280 

4,530

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

D.

C. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B.

A.' 

B. 

C.

MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ST. PAUL, MINN.

Location. Near foot of Robert Street, St. Paul, 6 miles below mouth of Minnesota 

River.

Records available. March 1,1892, to September 30,1913. Gage heights by United 

States Singal Service (later United States Weather Bureau) 1873 to 1913; many 

discharge measurements by United States Engineer Corps prior to 1900; measurements by United States Geological Survey 1909 to 1913.

Drainage area. 35,700 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage, read once daily to tenths, installed May 9, 1913, on Chicago & 

Great Western Railroad bridge, about 800 feet below vertical staff gage near foot of 

Wabasha Street used until that date. Previous to 1911 a vertical staff was located 

on the Diamond Joe Line wharf at the foot of Jackson Street, about 400 feet below 

the present chain gage. At the lower end of the wharf is the United States Engineer Corps gage, the datum of which is 0.5 foot higher than that of the Weather 

Bureau gage, to which all data herein are referred.

Channel and control. No well-defined control; channel shifts somewhat from year 

to year.

Discharge measurements. Made from the Omaha Railway bridge 2 miles above 

the station.

Winter flow. River frozen from December to March.

Regulation. Flow is regulated to a certain extent by Government reservoirs on 

headwaters at Lake Winnibigoshish, Leech Lake, Pokegama Falls, Sandy. Lake, 

Pine River, and Gull Lake, but effect of these reservoirs is very gradual at St. Paul. 

Possibly the shutting of the wheel gates of the nearest-dam at Minneapolis may 

cause some daily fluctuations of stage at St. Paul during extreme low water.

Maximum and minimum flow. Highest recorded discharge, 117,000 second-feet, 

occurred July 22, 1867; highest discharge since 1892, 80,800 second-feet; winter 

flow has fallen nearly as low as 1,000 second-feet.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

Accuracy. As the Weather Bureau gage is read once a day, the recorded mean gage 

height for the day may be somewhat in error, although occasional additional readings have shown this error was not very serious, largely because of the natural 

storage of the river channel between the Minneapolis dam and St. Paul. Previous to 1900 the United States Engineer Corps made many discharge measurements at St. Paul, the results of which are published by the Mississippi Biver 

Commission. Although the base data for estimating the daily flow of the river 

are available for years prior to 1892, the reservoir system was not then in complete 

operation, and as this system has had marked influence on the regimen of the 

river it is evident that the earlier records have lost much of their value as indications of probable future flow.

Cooperation. Gage heights furnished by the United States Weather Bureau. 

Data on which mean monthly flow from January to March has been estimated 

furnished by United States Engineer Corps.

Discharge measurements of Mississippi River at St. Paul, -Minn-., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

, Date.

Mar. 28

May 14

Made by ~ &

Feet. 

0.38

3.16

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

3,830

8,570

Date.

June 24

Sept. 12

Made by 

Soul6 and Peterson. . . .

&,

Feet. 

1.94

3.01

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

6,160

8,230

Daily gage Jieit/Jit, in feet, of Mississippi River at St. Paul, Minn., for the year ending 

. Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

0

t::::::::::::::

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.2 

1.0

a

Nov.

0.8

.8

9

.9

.7

.6

.7

.6

.5

.5

.5

.5

.4

.4

.4

.5

.6

.5

.5

.4

.4

.4

.5

.5

.4

.3

.0

- .2

_ 2 

- !3

Dec.

-0.3

.2

.0

.0

.2

.0

-1.0

- .5

1.1

.5

.8

.8

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.5

.2

.0

_ 2

- .2

.1

.7

.9

.7

.5

.4

.4

.1

 1'.2

.1

Jan.

0.0

- .1

.8

1.1

.2

.3

.5

.5

.3

.4

.3

.2

.3

.2

.4

.5

.5

.3

.4

.6

.5

.5

.4

.3

.4

.4

.3

.3

.6

.5

.0

Feb.

-0.2

.2

.4

.4

.4

.5

.4

.4

.4

.5

.4

.4

.5

.3

.4

.5

.6

,4

.3

.2

.4

.0

.3

.0

.2

.5

.1

.0

Mar.

0.3

.4

.3

.6

.8

-.2

.6

.3

.7

.8

.7

.6

.4

.8

.7

1.0

1.5

1.1

1.2

.9

.5

.5

.4

.5

.7

.8

.6

.5

.4 

.5

1.4

Apr.

1.9

2.2

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.4

2.9

2.5

1.9

2.3

2.4

2.6

2.6-

2.9

3 1

3.6

3.7

4.0

3.9

4.1

3.5

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.6

3.6 -3.8

3.7

4.1

4.2

May.

4.1

4.0

4.2

4.1

4.1

3.9

3.9

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.3

3.0

3.3

3.5

3.6

3.5

4.0

4.5

4.8

5.1

5.4

5.7

5.9

6.0

6.1

6.1

5.9 

5.6

5.3

June.

5.0

4.8

4.5

4.2

4.0

4.7

3.6

3.2

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.4

2.2

2.1

2.0

1.7

1.6

1.7

1.8

2.0

2.1

2.0

1.7

1.7

1.9

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.2 

2.3

July.

2.3

2.6

2.7

3.1

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.8

3,2

3.7

3.7

3.7

4.2

4-J

4.S

4.8

4.8

4.5

4.5

4.4

4.1

3.9

3.9

3.6

3.5 

3.5

3.4

Aug.

3.2

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.8

1.9

2.0

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.5 

2.2

2.0

Sept.

1.7

1.5

1.6

2.0

1.9

 1.8

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.7

2.6

2.8

2.9

2.9

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.8

2.8

2.5

2.4

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.0

2.0 

1.9

NOTE. Discharge relation probably affected by ice about Dec. 1,1912, to Mar. 31,1913.
76 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1013, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mississippi River at St. Paul, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1. ............. 

2..............

3.............. 

4..............

5..............

6..............

7.............. 

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12.............. 

13.............. 

14.............. 

15..............

16.............. 

17..............

18..............

19.............. 

20..............

21.............. 

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28.............. 

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

5,170 

5,170

5,170 

5,000

5,170

5,170

5,000 

5,000

5,000 

5,000

4,840

5,170 

5,170 

5,170 

5,000

5,000 

5,000

4,840

4,690 

4,840

4,840 

4,840

4,550

4,550

4,690

4,840

4,690

4,690 

4,840

4,550

4,420

Nov.

4,290' 

4,290

4,420 

4,420

4,160

4,040

4,160 

4,040

3,920 

3,920

3,920

3,920 

3,800 

3,800 

3,800

3,920 

4,040

3,920

3,920 

3,800

3,800 

3,800

3,920

3,920

3,800

3,680

3,330

3,120 

3,120

3,030

Dec.

.......

"'."'.'.

.......

.......

.......

Jan.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Feb.

.......

- - --

Mar.

.......

.......

-------

.......

Apr.

6,090 

6,630

7,010 

6,820

6,630

7,010

8,000 

7 200

6^820 

7,010

7,400 

7,400 

8,000 

8,420

9,480 

9,700

10,400

10,100 

10,600

9,260 

10,400

10,100

9,920

9,480

9,480

9,920

9,700 

10,600

10,800

May.

10,600 

10,400

10,800 

10,600

10,600

10,100

10,100 

9,700

9,700 

9,700

9,480

9,260 

8,840 

8,210 

8,840

9,260 

9,480

9,260

1 1*600

12,200 

13,000

13,800

14,600

15,200

15,500

15,800

15,800 

15,200

14,400

13,600

June.

12,800 

12,200

11,500 

10,800

10,400

9,700

9,480 

8,630

7,800 

7,800

7,600

7,010 

6,630 

6,450 

6,270

5,730 

5,560

5,730

5,910 

6,270

6,450 

6,270

5,730

5,730

6,090

6,630

6,820

6,820 

6,630

6,820

July.

6,820 

7,400

7,600 

8,420

9,480

9,260

9,260 

9,260

9,920 

9,700

9,700

9,920 

9,700 

9,700 

9,700

9,700 

10,800

12,000

12,200 

12,200

12,200 

11,500

11,500

11,300

10,600

10,100

10,100

9,480 

9,260

9,260

9,050

Aug.

8,630 

8,210

7,800 

7,600

7,200

7,010

7,010 

6,820

6,270 

6,270

6,090

5,910 

6,090 

5,910 

5,910

5,910 

5,560

5,220

5,910 

6,090

6,270 

6,450

6,270

6,270

7,200

7,400

7,600

7,800 

7,200

6,630

6,270

Sept.

5,730 

5,390

5,560 

6,270

6,090

5,910

5,730 

5,560

5,560 

5,730

7,400

7,800 

8, (DO 

8,090 

7,400

7, MO 

7,306

7 208

7^800

7,800 

7,200

7,010

6,630

6,630

6,630

6,450

6,270 

6,270

6,090

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two well-defined rating curves. New rating curve used beginning Apr. 1,1913. Discharge estimated because of ice, from discharge at lock and dam No. 2, from records 

of United States Engineer Corps, and flow at Mankato, as follows: Dec. 1-31,3,170 second-feet; Jan. 1-31, 

2,770 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,2,350 second-feet; and Mar. 1-31,3,770 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of Mississippi River at St. Paul, Minn., for the year ending Sept. S0t

1913.

Month.

October .......................................................

November. ....................................................

May............................................:..............

July...........................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

5,170 

4,420

10,800 

15,800 

12,800 

12,200 

8,630 

8,000

15,800

Minimum.

4,420 

3,030

6,090 

8,210 

5,560 

6,820 

5,220 

 5,390

Mean.

4,910 

3,870 

3,170 

2,770 

2,350 

3,770 

8,550 

11,500 

7,610 

9,910 

6,670 

6,660

6,000

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

D.

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

NOTE. Means for December to March, inclusive, based on records of United States Engineer Corps at 

lock and dam No. 2 below Minneapolis, allowance being made for flow of Minnesota River.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN". 77

SANDY RIVER BELOW SANDY LAKE RESERVOIR, MINN.

Location. At the Sandy Lake dam, near Libby post office, in Aitkin County, 1 

mile above the mouth of Sandy River.

Records available. July 7, 1893, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 424 square miles.

Area of reservoir behind dam. At low stage 8 square miles; at high stage 16.5 

square miles; these areas with a range of 9.4 feet give a capacity of 3,127,900,000 

cubic feet.

Discharge measurements. The discharge over the dam is computed from the 

the flow through the openings and from frequent discharge measurements made 

by an employee who resides near the dam. At extreme flood stages the Mississippi 

drowns out the dam and fills Sandy Lake reservoir as much as 3 feet higher than 

was intended. If the Mississippi is at fairly high stage and the dam is open there 

is frequently a considerable reverse flow into the reservoir, but the amount of this 

flow has not been computed.

Coop eration.^ Station maintained by the United States Engineer Corps for the 

purpose of measuring the flow from the Sandy Lake reservoir, which is one unit 

in the Government reservoir system at the headwaters of the Mississippi.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sandy River below Sandy Lake reservoir, Minn.,for 

the year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8....... .......

9.............. 10...........:..

11..............

12..............

iq

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

0

0

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

Nov.

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5.

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

Dec.

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

Jan.

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

Feb.

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

Mar.

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

Apr.

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

May.

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

10

10

10

10

10

10

June.

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

200

350

202

200

202

198

201

202

199

201

201

202

200

199

201

201

198

202

200

200

July.

200

200

201

202

202

100

QO

102

101

103

rm

102

100

76

52

53

52

52

171

386

460

476

428

291

223

278

270

223

222 ^200

175

Aug.

140 78

502

501

500

499

502

500

501

501

500

500

500

502

502

501

499

502

502

499

500

502

501

500

500

500

499

500

501

500

501

Sept.

499

501

JQQ

502

499

500

501

500

501

499

500

500

500

501

499

500

501

499

499

502

500

500

500

500

500

499

500

500

4QQ

502
78 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of Sandy River below Sandy Lake reservoir, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Month.

April.......................................................

May........................................................

July........................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

10 

350 

476 

503 

502

503

Minimum.

0 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

10 

52 

78 

499

0

Mean.

4.7 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

6.0 

142 

190 

475 

500

113

«

Bun-off

(total in 

millions 

of cubic 

feet).

12.6 

13.0 

13.4 

13.4 

12.1 

13.4 

13.0 

16.1 

368 

509 

1,270 

1,300

3,550

NOTE. Computed by engineers of the United States Geological Survey from record of daily discharge 

urnished by the United States Engineer Corps.

PINE RIVER BELOW PINE RIVER RESERVOIR, MINN.

Location. In T. 137 N., R. 27 W., just below dam at outlet of Cross Lake, which is 

15 miles above the mouth of Pine River in the central part of Crow Wing County.

Becords available. March, 1886, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 452 square miles.

Area of reservoir surface above dam. At low water 18 square miles; at high 

water 24 square miles. These areas, with a range of 16.15 feet, give a capacity of 

7,732,900,000 cubic feet. The dam raises the water level in Cross, Pine, Daggett, 

Rush, Whitefish, Trout, and Hay lakes by varying amounts.

Discharge. Determined from daily gage heights representing the head at the dam 

and from the various sized openings in the dam.

Cooperation. Station maintained by United States Engineer Corps.

Pine River reservoir is the lowest in the present system of- Government reservoirs 

on the headwaters of the Mississippi. Although the discharge at the dam represents 

the flow from the reservoir, it does not represent the entire flow of Pine River at its 

mouth, because between the two points the drainage area of the river is increased from 

452 to 691 square miles by Little Pine River and one or two other minor tributaries.
tTPPEB MISSISSIPPI RIVEB DRAINAGE BASIN. 79

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pine River below Pine River Reservoir, Minn.,forthe

year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3. ........... ..

4..............

5........-.-.-.

6..............

7..............

8..............

9. .............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19. .............

20. .............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25. .............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29

30..............

31..............

Oct.

145

144

144

. 143

«143

142

141

141

140

o!38

135

130

57

58

59

60

a 59

59

30

21

12

15

16

17

78

80

81

82

Nov.

80

a 77

75

71

68

65

60

55

a 51

51

51

51

51

52

52

a 52

53

53

u

55

55

56

a 57

57

w

CO

58

58

?>Q

«59

Dec.

59

59

58

58

58

57

»57

57

57

57

57

57

58

o58

58

59

59

59

60

60

a 61

61

60

59

58

W

56

a 55

56

' 5657

Jan.

57

58

59

o59

59

59

60

60

60

61

61

61

61

62

62

63

o63

63

64

Rd

64

65

65

o65

65

66

66

65

65

66

Feb.

o63

63

63

64

64

64

65

o65

65

65

65

65

65

65

«65

65

65

. 65

66

66

66

066

66

66

66

66

66

66

Mar.

a 68

68

68

69

69

69

70

a 70

71

71

72

72

73

74

a 75

74

74

73

73

72

71

o69

en

70

70

71

- 71

72

a 72

72

73

Apr.

73

73

73

74

a 74

75

75

56

56

55

55

o55

56

57

58

59

354

356

o358

346

53

54

54

55

56

o56

56

57

57

58

May.

57

57

o58

58

58

59

59

59

60

o60

60

61

62

62

63

63

o64

64

65

65

66

67

67

068

65

60

58

56

54

52

oSO

June.

50

50

50

50

50

49

o49

49

50

52

310

310

308

o!93

195

200

204

206

210

215

o219

219

218

218

217

217

216

o215

.215

216

July.

216

216

216

216

o216

215

214

212

109

108

107

ol06

104

100

65

64

63

62

a 61

61

61

61

62

62

62

o62

62

62

62

63

63

Aug.

63

o64

64

64

64

64

64

64

o64

64

64

64

64

65

65

o65

65

65

65

65

66

66

066

66

66

66

66

66

66

066

66

Sept.

66

- 66

66

66

66

o67

66

65

54

55

56

57

a 58

58

58

59

110

115

120

o!24

124

124

124

124

125

125

ol25

125

125

125

o Discharge measurement.

NOTE. Daily discharge for November differs from that published in the report of the water-resources 

investigation of Minnesota, 1911-12, p. 122, Which is erroneous, having been estimated from record of gate 

openings, whereas the figures here given are based on discharge measurements.

Monthly discharge of Pine River below Pine River Reservoir, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

[Drainage area, 452« square miles.]

Month.

May.....................................................

July.....................................................

September. ..............................................

The year. ..........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

145

80 

61 

66 

 66 

75 

358 

68 

310 

216 

66 

125

358

Minimum.

12

51 

55 

57 

63 

68 

53 

50 

49 

61 

63 

54

12

Mean.

91.3

658.4 

58.0 

62.2 

65.0 

71.1 

99.8 

60.5 

167 

110 

64.9 

89.9

83.1

Run-off 

(total in 

millions of 

cubic-feet).

245 

151 

155 

167 

157 

190 

259 

162 

433 

295 

174 

233

2,620

« "Discharge in second-feet per square mile" and "Run-off (depth in inches)" not computed for this 

drainage area because flow past the gaging station is controlled in the interest of navigation, as noted in 

the station description.

6 See footnote to table of daily discharge.

NOTE. Computed by engineers of the United States Geological Survey from record of daily discharge 

furnished by the United States Engineer Corps.
80 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

CROW WING RIVER AT NOfROD, MINN.

Location. In sec. 32, T. 137 N., R. 33 W., at steel highway bridge at Nimrod post 

office, 1 mile above mouth of Cat River, 1 mile below mouth of Willbw Creek and 

about 12 miles east of Sebeka, the nearest railroad point.

Records available. April 15, 1910, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 1,010 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage attached to the bridge; read morning and evening to quartertenths. Limits of use: Hundreds below 5.0, half-tenths from 5.0 to 6.0, and 

tenths above 6.0 feet.

Channel and control. No.well-defined control; channel practically permanent 

during period covered by records.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge.

Winter flow. Affected by ice; observations discontinued when river is frozen.

Regulation. Dam at outlet of Lower Crow Wing Lake controls water from that part 

of drainage area. River used for logging but since establishment of station flow 

has not been affected by log jams. River has considerable fall near station, and 

1 mile above makes a descent of 12 feet, known as Western Rapids.

Accuracy. §ee footnote to daily discharge table. 

The following discharge measurement was made by S. B. Soule: 

May 27, 1913: Gage height, 4.86 feet; discharge, 378 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Crow Wing River at Nimrod, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[W. H. Wintermute, observer.)

Day.

I..............

2....- .........

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

9.............. 

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17.............. 

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23.............. 

24.............. 

25..............

26.............. 

27..............

28..............

29..............

30.............. 

81..............

Oct.

5.0

5.0 

5.0

5.0 

5.0

 5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0 

4.98

4.95

4.98

4.98

4.95

4.95

4.92

4.90 

4.88

4.88

4.88

4.88

4.88

4.85 

4.85 

4.85

4.85 

4.82

4.82

4.80

4.80 

4.80

Nov.

4.80

4.80 

4.80

4.80 

4.80

4.80

4.80

4.80

4.80 

4.80

4 80

4.80

4.82

4.85

4.89

4.86

4.82 

4.80

4.80

4.78

d 78

4.75

4.75 

4.90 

5.4

5.05 

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.2

5.4

Dec.

.......

--- "

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

Jan.

..:....

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

Feb.

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

Mar.

.......

-"- - 

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

Apr.

.......

.......

6.2

6.2 

6.0

6.0

5.3

4.89

4.80

4.76

4.75

4.72

4.70

4.70

4.70

4 CO

4.68

4.68 

4.70 

4.70

4.69

4 CO

4.68

4 CO

4.68

May.

4.68

4.68 

4.70

4.69 

4.68

4.68

4.68

4.68

4.68 

4.65

4.65

4.65

4.65

4.65

4.69

4.85

4.85 

4.85.

4.86

4.94

4 OK

4.92

4.92 

4.90 4 on

4.90 

4.88

4.82

4

QA

4.80 

4.80

June.

4.80

4.80 

4.78

4.75

4.78

4.78

4.78

4.75

4.75 

4.72

4.72

4.70

4.70

4.70

4.70

4.70

4.70 

4.70

4.78

4.78

4.75

4.70

4.70 

4.70 

4.70

4.88 4 on

4.88

4.85

4.92

July.

4.92

4.92 

4.92

4.96 

5.15

5.15

5.2

5.2

5.25 

5.2

5.4

5.45

5.4

5.45

5.55

5.65

5.65 

5.6

5.55

5.55

5.5

5.55

5.5 

5.5 

5.5

5.45 

5.3

5.2

C O

5.2 

5.2

Aug.

5.2

5.2 

5.2

5.2 

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.15

5.15 

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.15 

5.25

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.25 

5.25

S

o

5.2

S

O

5.2

C o

5.2 

5.2

Sept.

5.2

5.2 

5.2

5.4

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.45

5.45 

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.45

5.45

5.4

5.4 

5.4

5.4

5.35

5.3

5.3

5.3 

5.3 

5.25

5.25 

5.2

S

O

5.2

5.2

NOTE, Discharge rotation affected by ice about Nov. 24,1912, to Apr. 11,1913,
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI BIVEE l>EAINAGfi BASIN.

J&w% dtaeh&rge, in -aem^-feet, of Grow ffifotfi itiVer «* ffifrftrod, Minn., for 'Hhe gear

&ept. 9

81

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

8..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29

30..............

31..............

Oat

457

457

43T

457

457

457

457

457

457

443

422

443

443

422

422

402

8S8

875

875

375

375

375

IKfi

356

OCfl

356

337

337

324

V>i

Nov.

324

324

324

324

324

324

324

324

324 J 324'

324

324

337

356

382

362

337

324

324

312

312

294

9O4

Dee. Jan.

i

Feb. Sfer. Apr.

678

382

324

300

294

276

264

264

264

258

253

253

264

264

258:

253

253

253

253

May.-

253

253

'26*1

258

253

253

253

253

253

236

236

236

236

236

258

356

356

356

362

418

- 422

402

402

ooo

388

388:

375

337

324

324.

324

Itae.'

324

,324

3*2

294

312

312

312

294

QQX

276

276

264

264

264

264

264

264

264

312

312

294

264

264

264

264

375

388

375

356

402

3Wy.

402

402

402

429

567

567

604

604

641

604

758

70S

758

798

880

Qfifi

966

923

880

880

838

880

838

838

838,

798

678

604 fifi4

, fifU

604

Attg. '

'604 s

604.

604 «Mi

604

604

604

567

567.

530

530

530

580

530

530

530

567

641

678

678

678

678

fUl

641 fifi4

604

604

604

fifU

604

604

'Sept.

604

604

604

 758

83S

838

838

798

700

838

838

838

838

798

798

758

758

758

758

718

678

678

678

678

641

All

604

604

604

604

NOTE. Dafly discharge computed from a raiting curve fairly well denned between 160 and 678 secondfeet (gage heights 4.5 and 5.3 feet). Estimates above 678 second-feet based oa an extension of the discharge 

rating cnrve and should therefore 1>e used with caution. Discharge Nov. 24-30,1912, estimated, because 

of ice, from climatic records and discharge of adjacent drainage areas, at 294 second-feet.

MontMy discharge of Crow Wing River at Nitrirod, Minn., for the year ending Sept. 50,

1913.

[Drainage area, 1,OK) square miles.]

Month.

April 12-30........ ......................

WAV

Discharge in second-feet^

Maxisrum .

457 

383 

«78 

'422 

402 

966 

678 

838

W^feBjimiii't

324

253 

236 

264 

462 

530 

604

Mean.

401 

319 

2§5 

311 

302 

708 

597 

726

Per

square 

mile.

0.397 

.316 

,2§2 

.308 

.299 

.701 

.691 

.719

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage

area).

0.46 

.35 

.21 

.36 

.33 

.81 

.68 

.80

Accuracy.

A. 

C. 

C. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

CEOW WING RIVBE Af MOl^EY, MINN.

Location. At highway bridge at nortii edge of village of Motley, about one-fourth 

mile north of Northern Pacific Kailway statioa and about 2 mites above mouth of 

Prairie River, the nearest tributary.

Records available. June 10 to November 30,1909; April 15 to September 30,1913,

Drainage area. 2,140 square miles.

 91388" WSP 355 15 6
82 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Gage. Vertical staff gage; read morning and evening to hundredths. Limits of use: 

Hundredths below 6.0, half-tenths from 6.0 to 7.5, and tenths above 7.5 feet.

Channel and control. Fairly permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from upstream side of two-span highway bridge.

Winter flow. River frozen over during the winter months; observations discontinued.

Regulation. Nearest dam above station is over 60 miles upstream and has very 

slight effect on flow at station.

Accuracy. Backwater from possible log jams at certain periods may affect the discharge relation.

Discharge measurements of Crow Wing River at Motley, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Apr. 15

May 26

Made by 

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6.35

6.77

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

723

1,120

Daily gage height, in feet, of Crow Wing River at Motley, Minn., for the year ending Sept.

30, 1913. 

[S. W. Jacobs, observer.]

Day.

1.. ........ 

2.......... 

3. ......... 

4..........

5;.. .......

6.......... 

7.......... 

8.......... 

9..........

10..........

11.......... 

12.......... 

13.......... 

14..........

15..........

Apr.

......

May.

6.25 

6.25 

6.3 

6.35

6.4

6.35 

6.3 

6.3 

6.3

6.25

6.25 

6.3 

6.3 

6.3

6.5

June.

6.45 

6.4 

6.35 

6.3 

6.3

6.3 

6.25 

6.25 

6.2

6.2

6.15 

6.1 

6.1 

6.05

6.05

July.

6.3 

6.25 

6.2 

6.25 

6.7

6.9 

6.95 

7.0 

7.05

6.95

6.95 

7.05 

7.15 

7.15

7.15

Aug.

6.45 

6.35 

6.35 

6.3 

6.3

6.25 

6.2 

6.2

6 9

6.2

6.2 

6.2 

6.3

6 9

6.2

Sept.

6.3 

6.25 

6.2 

6.5 

6.8

6.85 

6.85 

6.85

6.75

6.75

6.85 

6.9 

6.9 

6.85

6.8

Day.

16.......... 

17.......... 

18.......... 

19.......... 

20..........

21.......... 

22.......... 

23.......... 

24..........

25..........

26.......... 

27.......... 

28........... 

29..........

30..........

31.. ........

Apr.

"6~25~ 

6.25 

6.2 

6.2

6.2 

6.25 

6.25 

6.35

6.4

6.4 

6.4 

6.35 

6.3

6.25

May.

6.8 

6.9 

6.9 

6.85 

6.8

6.85 

6.9 

6.9 

6.9

6.85

6.75 

6.7 

6.6 

6.55

6.45

6.45

June.

6.05 

6.0 

6.0 

6.05 

6.1

6.15 

6.1 

6.05 

6.05

6.1

6.2 

6.2 

6.2 

6.15

6.3

July.

7.2 

7.25 

7.3 

7.2 

7.1

7.0 

7.0 

7.0 

6.85

6.8

6.75 

6.75 

6.65 

6.55

6.5

6.5

Aug.

6.3 

6.3 

6.3 

6.45 

6.6

6.65 

6.65 

6.65 

6.65

6.45

6.5 

6.45 

6.4 

6.35

6.3

6.3

Sept

6.75 

6.7 

6.65 

6.65 

6.6

6.6 

6.6 

6.5 

6.55

6.55

6.5

6.5 

6.45 

6.45

6.45

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Crow Wing River, at Motley, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1. .......

2........

3........

4........

5........

6........

7........

8........

9........

10........

11........

12........

13........

14........

15........

Apr. May.

650

650

680

714

747

714

680

680

680

650

650

680

680

680

822

June.

784

747

714

680

680

680

650

650

621

621

KQfi

571

571

550

550

July.

680

650

621

650

1,000

1,240

-1 9Ort

1,360

1,440

i ^nn

1,300

1,440 i *yjfi

1,580

i fyzn

Aug.

784

714

714

680

680

650

«91

621

621

621

621

621

680

621

621

Sept.

680

650

621

822

1,110

1,170

1,170

1,170

1,060

i ftfin

1,170

1,240

1,240

1,170

1,110

Day.

16........

17........

18........

19........

20........

21........

22........

23........

24........

25........

26........

27........

28........

29........

30........

31-. ......

Apr.

650

650

621

621

621

650

650

714

747

747

747

714

680

650

May.

1,110

1,240

1,240

-1,170

1,110

1,170

1,240

1,2*0

1,240

1,170

1,060

1,000

907

864

784

784

June.

550

528

528

550

571

596

571

550

550

571

621

621

621

596

680

July.

1,660

1,730

1,810

1,660

1,510

1,360

1,360

1,360

1,170

1,110

1,060

1,060

955

864

822

822

Aug.

680

680

680

784

907

955

955

955

955

784

822

784

747.

714

680

680

Sept,

1 060

1,000

955

955

907

907

907

822

864

864

822

822

784

784

784

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well-defined above 621 second-feet (gage-height 

6.3 feet
UPP1B MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

Monthly discharge of Crow Wing River at Motley, Minn., for the year ending Sept. SO

1913,

[Drainage area, 2,140 square miles.]

 Month.

April 17-30. .............................

M^y.. ..................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

747 

1,240 

784 

1,810 

955 

1,240

Minimum.

621 

650 

528 

621 

621 

621

Mean.

676 

893 

612 

1,230 

730 

956

Per 

square 

mile.

0.316

.417 

1286 

.575 

.341 

.447

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.16 

.48 

.32 

.66 

.39 

.50

Accuracy.

B. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A.

CROW WING RIVER AT PILLAGER, MINN.

Location. In sec. 20, T. 133 N., R. 30 W., at highway bridge half a mile south of 

Pillager, a short distance above mouth of Pillager Creek.

Records available. May 25 to September 1, 1903; June 11, 1909, to June 30, 1913, 

when station was discontinued.

Drainage area. 3,230 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff; -read morning and evening to quarter-tenths. Limits of use: 

Hundredths below 5.0, half-tenths from 5.0 to 6.5, and tenths above 6.5 feet.

Channel and control. Probably permanent except during high water.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge.

Winter flow. Determined by measurements made through the ice.

Regulation. The influence of a logging dam at the outlet of Lower Crow Wing Lake 

is observable at times at the gaging station.

Accuracy. Conditions at this station were favorable for good results, but the construction of a power dam 10 miles below caused backwater at the gage and the 

station had to be abandoned.

Discharge measurements of Crow Wing River at Pillager, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Dec. 18

Jan. 17

Made by 

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6.14

6.22

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

«4.40

«358

Date.

Feb. 19

Apr. 15

Made by 

S. B. Soul*5... ........ ,.

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6.47

6.12

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

« 344

970

<* Complete ice cover.
,84 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1943, PABT V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Crow Wing River ai PiUager, Mmn., far ike

Sept. m, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3... ...........

^. .............

§.. ............ 

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14.............. 

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21.............. 

22.............. 

23..............

24..............

25.............. 

26.............. 

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Oct.

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.0

5.95 

5.95

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.85 

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.75

5.75 

5.75 

5.75

5.75

5.75

5.75 

5.7

5 75

5.75 

5.75

5.75

Nov.

5.7

5.6

5.6

5.65

5.7 

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

K 7 

5.65 

5.6

5.75

5.7

5. 5

5.6

5.6

5.65 

5.65 

5.6

6.5

5.55 

6.25

.......

Dec.

5.8

s a

.......

6.15

6.15

.......

6.2

.......

Jan.

fi Q

6.2

.......

6 O

6

0

6 

 ** "*

.......

"~"6."3'

Feb.

6.35

6.4 ,

6.5

6.5

"e.'s"

.......

Mar.

6.6

6.6

6.6

""JuT

.......

Apr.

7.0

7.0

7.3

7.3

7.5

6.8

7.0

6.3 

6.25

6.25

6.45

6.4

6.45

6.35

6.35 

6.35 

6.25

6.35

6.5

6.6 

6.6

6.5

6.35 

6.2

May.

6.1

6.25

6.25

6.35

6.3 

6.4

6.45

6.4

6.4

6.3

6.3

6.35

6.4

6.45 

6.6

7.1

7.5

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4 

7.5

7.4

7.4

7.3

7.2 

7.2

7.0 6.8 - 

6.6

6.45

June.

6.3

6.25

6.2

6.2

6.0 

6.0

5.95

b 85

5.75

5.65

5.6

5.7

5.65

5.85 

5.8

5.75

5.8

6.7

5.85

5.8

5.85 

5.85 

5.85

5.95

5.9

6.0 

6.2

6.2

6.25 

6.3

July.

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

Aug.

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

Sept.

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice sbeot NOT. 26,1912, to Apr. 14,1918.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Crow Wing River at Pillager, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, W13.

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

OK

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

865

865

865

793

7CQ

759

725 791;

725

79 f\

725

725

7OK

693

661

661

661

661

661

631

631

631

631

631

631

631

601

631

631

631

631

Nov.

601

144

544

572

601

601

601

601

601

601

601

601

572

CAA

631

601

572

144

544

572

572

544

490

517

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

1,080

1,080

1,240

1,200

1,240

1,160

1,160

1,160

1,080

1,160

1,280

1,370

1,370

1,280

1,160

1,040

May.

965

1,080

1,080

1,160

1,120

1,200

1,240

1,200

1,200

1,120

1,120

1,160

1,200

1,240

1,370

1,840

2,260

2,150

2,150

2,150

2,150

2,260

2,150

2,150

2 ft4n

1,940

1,940

1,740

1,550

1,370

1,240

June.

1,120

1,080

1,040

1,040

son

890

855

785

718

655

625

685

655

785

750

718

758

685

785

750

785

785

785

855

820

890

1,040

1,040

1,080

1,040

July. Aug. Sept.

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two rating curves fairly well defined between 600 and 5,500 

second-feet. Shift occurred during flood in April, 1913. Discharge estimated, because of ice, from gage 

heights, observer's notes, discharge measurements, and climatic records, as follows: Nov. 26-30,465 secondfeet: Dec. 1-18, 470 second-feet; Dec. 19-31,1912, 420 second-feet; Jan. 1-31,1913, 375 second-feet; Feb. 1-28, 

345 second-feet: Mar. 1-31, 410 second-feet; and Apr. 1-14, 600 second-feet.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVEE DRAINAGE BASIN. 

Mewtiity discharge of Crow TFmgr River at PiUager, Minn., for Jfte year

85 

ept. SO,

[Drainage area, 3,230 square miles.]

Mouth.

Maroh.. ................................

Aiwa...................................

May....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

'Maximum.

865 

631

2,260 

\ 1,120

Minimnm.

601

965 

625

Mean.

694 

567 

450 

375 

345 

410 

915 

1,570 

846

Per 

square 

mils.

0.215 

.172 

.139 

.116

.107

.127 

.283 

.486 

.262

 Run-off 

 (depth in 

 inches- on 

drainage 

area).

0.25 

.19 

.16 

.13 

.11 

.15 

.32 

.56 

.29

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B.

LONG PRAIREB RIVER NEAR MOTLEY, MINN.

Location. In sec. 19, T. 133 N., R. 31 W., 100-yardsabove highway bridge, 1 mile 

south of Motley, and 2 miles above month of river.

Records available. June W, 1909, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 973 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff; read morning and evening, generally to nearest tenth; occasional readings to half-tenths. Limits of use: Hundredth^ below 5.5, half tenths 

from 5.5 to 6.5, and tenths above 6.5 feet.

Channel and control.. Ugh* grawi; practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge at all except low stages; low-water 

measurements made by wading a short distance upstream.

Winter flow. Biver frozen, over at gage; observations discontinued. There seems 

to be a- elostf comparison between the open-water discharge at this station and the 

flow of the Crow Wing* at Pillager, and therefore the winter flow has been based 

on the flow at IPiHager;, which is determined by current-meter measurements.

Accuracy. CanditiaBs at tMs station are favorable and the records should be reliable. 

Baekwater caused by £ce gorges In Crow Wing River may possibly affect the discharge relation for a fe<vr days in the spring. 

The following discharge measurement was made by S. B. SbuEl: 

April 14, 191$: Gage-heigiit, &.56 feet; discharge, 271 second-feet.
86 SUEPACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Long Prairie River near Motley, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913. 

[Clem Thompson, observer.]

Day.

1.. ............

2. .............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9. .............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17. .............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

5.32

5.32

5.31

5.30

5.26

5.29

5.25

5.25

5.24

5.25

5.26

5.29

5.29

5.29

5.28

5.25

5.25

5.26

5.22

5.22

5.22

5.21

5.20

5.20

5.20

5.19

5.19

5.21

5.22

5.20

5.20

Nov.

5.19

5.12

5.15

5.15

5.12

5.18

5.18

5.16

5.16

5.16

5.15

5.16

5.11

5.08

5.11

5.14

5.20

5.14

5.14

5.12

5.12

5.15

5.11

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

*

5.5

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.35

5.4

5.35

5.35

5.35

5.35

5.5

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.5

5.4

May.

5.3

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.45

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.3

5 4

5.4

5.4

5.5

5.8

K Q

6.9

5.9

^ Q

5.8

5.95

6.0

6.0

5.9

5.9

5.85

5.7

5.7

5.6

5.45

June.

5.5

5.4

5.5

K AK

5.3

5.35

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.3

5.3

5.1

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.1

5.2

5.1

5.0

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.3

5.3

5.25

5.1

5.25

July.

5.05'

5.15

5.12

K 0

5.25

5.35

5.4

5.4

K 0

5.3

5.3

5.5

n <;

5.6

t fi

5.62

5.5

5.6 fi d

n \

5.4

5.5

5.4

5.4

fi 4

5.5

5.4

5.4

5.3

5.35

5.3,

Aug.

5.3

5.2

5.25

5.15

fi 9S

5.15

5.2

5.1

5.2

5.1

5.2

5.1

fi 9

5.2

5.34

5.3

5.4

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.7

5.5

5.5

5.4

5.5

5.38

5.48

5.35

5.38

5.25

5.35

Sept.

5.2

fi 9

5.3

5.5

K O

K *>

5.2

5.3

fi 9

5.35

5.3

5.3

n d

5.3

5.4

5.2

K 0

5.1

5.2

5.1

5.1

5.2

5.1

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.1

5.2

5.1

5.2

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 24,1912, to Apr. 13,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Long Prairie River near Motley, Minn., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10. .............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

185

185

181

178

166

175

163

163

160

163

166

175

175

175

172

163

163

166

154

154

154

151

148

148

148

145

145

151

154

148

148

Nov.

145

127

135

135

127

143

143

138

138

138

135

138

125

117

125

132

148

132

132

127

127

13"5

125

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

250

212

*>!*>

212

195

919

1QK

195

1QC

195

250

9Qft

290

290

290

250

919

May.

178

250

250

250

231

250

250

250

250

250

178

212

212

212

250

380

430

430

430

430

380

455

480

480

430

430

405

333

333

290

231

June.

250

212

250

231

178

195

178

178

148

178

178

148

178

178

122

148

148

148

122

148

122

99

122

122

122

178

178

163

122

163

July.

110

135

127

178

163

195

212

212

178

178

178

250

250

290

290

299

250

290

212

250

212

250

212

212

212

250

212

212

178

195

178

Aug.

178

148

163

135

163

135

148

122

- 148

122

148

122

148

148

192

178

212

178

212

250

333

250

250

212

250

205

242

195

205

163

195

Sept.

148

148

178

250

148

178

148

178

148

195

178

178

212

178

212

148

. 178

122

148

122

122

148

122

178

148

148

122

148

122

148

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 430 and 1,650 second-feet 

(gage heights, 4.9 and 8.0 feet).

Discharge estimated, because of ice, from climatic records, and open-water relation between flow of Crow 

Wing Eiver at Pillager and Long Prairie River near Motley as follows: Nov. 24-30,120 second-feet; Dec. 

1-31, 1912,100 second-feet; Jan. 1-31,1913, 95 second-feet; Feb. 1-28, 90 second-feet, Mar. 1-31,110 secondfeet; and Apr. 1-13,160 second-feet.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 87

Monthly discharge of Long Prairie River near Motley, Minn., for the years ending

Sept. 30, 1912-13. 

[Drainage area, 973 square miles.]

Month.

1911-12.

April....................................

May....................................

July....................................

September. .............................

1912-13.

December. ..............................

March..................................

April....... ............................

May....................................

July...................................

September. .............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

361 

301

805 

2,980 

640 

250 

405 

270

185 

148

290 

480 

250 

299 

333 

250

480

Minimum.

125 

99

172 

216

148 

135

185 

185

145

178 

99 

110 

122

122

Mean.

184 

173

105 

100 

120 

299 

848 

340 

171 

265 

211

162 

130 

100 

95 

90 

110 

201 

317 

164 

212 

185 

160

161

Per 

square 

mile.

0.189 

.178

.108 

.103 

.123

.307 

.872 

.349 

.176 

.272 

.217

.166 

.134 

.103 

.098 

.093 

.113 

.207 

.326 

.169 

.218 

.190 

.164

.165

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.22 

.07

.12 

.11 

.14 

.34 

1.01 

.39 

.20 

.31 

.24

.19 

.15

.12 

.11

.10 

.13 

.23

.38 

.19 

.25

.22 

.18

2.25

Accuracy.

A. 

B.

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

A. 

B.

D. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Estimates of "Discharge in second-feet per square mile" and "Run-off (depth in inches)" for 

1912, supersede those published in Water-Supply Paper 325, which were computed from an erroneous 

value of the drainage area. Estimates for October, November, and December, 1911, are republished to 

complete the data for the climatic year.

SAUK RIVER NEAR ST. CLOUD, MINN.

Location. In sec. 9, T. 124 N., R. 28 W., at highway bridge 3 miles west of St. Cloud 

10 miles below the nearest tributary, which enters at Bockville.

Records available. July 8, 1909, to December 31, 1913.

Drainage area. 816 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge; read twice daily to quarter-tenths. Limits 

of use: Hundredths below 6.5, half-tenths from 6.5 to 8.0, and tenths above 8.0 feet.

Channel and control. No well-defined control; channel shifts somewhat during 

high water.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge; at low stages by wading just a few 

feet above the bridge section.

Winter flow. Affected by ice; observations discontinued.

Regulation. Fanners Milling Co. have an 8-foot masonry dam at Cold Spring, about 

15 miles above gaging station. During the fall the plants operate continuously; 

at other times about 10 hours a day. Fluctuations of stage ia caused by operation of dam.

Accuracy. On account of growth of vegetation and shifting channel, records only fair.

Discharge measurements of Sank River near St. Cloud, Minn.,from Oct. 1, 1912, to Dec.

31, 1913.

Date.

1912. 

Oct. 15

15

Nov. 20

Made by 

W. G.Hoyt............

.....do...................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6.16

6.13

5.97

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

156

116

Date.

1913.

Mci 17 1Q

Sept. 5

Oct. 22

Made by 

S. B. Soule*............

S.B.SouM.,. ..........

W. G.Hoyt............

.....do.,,...........-..-

h»,

Feet. 

6.90

5.99

6.38

6.05

Discharge.

8ec.-ft. 

058.4

148

6194

154

a Complete ice cover. i> Weeds and grass in channel.
88 SURFACE WAfER SUPPLY, ±91$, PAEf V.

Daily gage height, in feet, e/Sauk River near St. Cloud, Minn.., Oct. 1,191%, fen Dee. 31,

Day.

1......

2......

3......

4......

5......

6......

7......

8......

9......

10......

11......

12......

13......

14...... 

15......

16......

17...... 

18...... 

19...... 

20......

21......

22......

23......

24......

25......

26......

27......

28......

29......

30......

31......

Oct.

6.35

6.30

6.35

6.30

6.30

6.40

6.35

6.25

6.20

6.05

6.10

6.15

5.30

5.35

:::::.

Nov.

r

6.08

6.05

5.95

5.85

5.40

6.10

5.85

5.70 

5.75

5.90

5.65 

5.50 

5.75 

5.90

6.05

6.00

6.15

6.56

5.50

6.15

6.6

Dec.

...::.

......

Jan.

" - -

....**

Feb.

......

......

Mar.

......

......

Apr.

6.9

7.4

7.25

7.0

6.8

5.96 

6.20

6.05

6.06 

6.08 

6.05 

5.99

5.88

6.08

R 1O

6.30

6.35

.6.35

6.31

6.40

6.55

6.55

May.

6.42

6.31

6.44

6.24

6.19

6.46

6.44

6.40

:.....

- -

6.65

6.75

6.8

6.8

7,0

7.0

6.7

ft. 65

6.5

6.55

6.44

June.

6.36

6.23

6.41

6.41

6.41

6.24

5.99s

5.8ft

5.60

5.35

5.55

5.72

5.90

5.9ft

5.98

5.36

5.82 

5.89 

5.91 

5.96

5.91

5.76

5.52

5.60

5.52

5.79

5.96

5.91

5.89

5.74

July.

5.60

5.94

6.12

6.26

6.01

6.11

5.62

6.14

6.34

6.40

6.9

7.05

7.05

6.7

7.2

8.3

7.7 

7.6 

7.5 

7.45

7.4

7.45

7.5

7.4

7.2

7.15

7.15

6.9

7.0

7.0

6,8

.Aug.

6.9

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.7

6.6

6.55

6.65

6.6

6.6

6.28

6.48

6.38

6.35 

6.28

6.24

6.35 

6.12 

6.45 

6.55

6.55

6.8

6 9

7.3

7.3

7.1

7.05

7.0

6.95

6.9

6 O

Sept

6.7

6.8

6.9

6.75

6.6

6.6

6.39

6.38

6.42

6.48

6.7

6.55

6.41

6.36 

5.98

6.30

6.32 

6.25 

6.21 

6.20

6.05

5.90

6.05

6.20

6.20

6.19

6.00

6.10

Oct.

a. 10

6.11

6.14

6.21

6.15

5.84

6.12

6.12

6.16

6.24

6.28

6.29

5.99

6.28 

6.30

6.32

6.32 

6.30 

6.19 

6.02

6.00

6.18

R 91

6.21

6.20

6.14

5.92

6.18

6.19

6.08

6.18

Nov.

6.16

5.91

5.91

6.36

6.35

6.34

6.36

6.35

6.32

6.10

6.55

6.35

6.26

6.24 

6.25

6.10

6.06 

6.00 

6.18 

6.21

6.21

6.29

5.89

5.74

5.81

5.86

6.04

5.90

6.40

6.28

Dec.

5.92

6.42

6.41

6.38

6.10

6.05

6.28

6.55

6.4$

6,75

6 A

6.65

6.7

6.32 

5.95

6.5

6.65 

«.65

6.7 

6.55

6.65

6.31

6.5

6.5

6.28

6.19

6.16

5.95

6.06

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 21,1912, to Apr. 13,1913, but probably not materially affected during November and December, 1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sank River near St. Cloud, Minn.,for the year ending

Day.

1.. ............

2.-.... ......

3..............

4..............

5.... .......

6..... .........

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12.. ...........

13..............

14. ............

15..............

16. ............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24. ...... .......

25..............

26.....1........

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

231

215

231

215

215

248

231

199

183

142

155

169

14

Ml

Nov.

120

132

109

88

20

144

88

; 61

69

98

53

32

69

98

Dee, : Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr..

133

192

154

156

161

154

146

116

161

189

220

239

23S

223

25&

399

300

May.

Qfifi

223

263

208

189

189

9fiQ

263

250

282

336

378

4(V1

400

500

590

356

336

282

300

263

June.

: 238

206

1 253

: 253

253.

203

140

i 99-

68

42

62

85.

120

120

m

38

94

107

112

122

101

76

48

56

48

74

101

92

89

67

Jufcr.

34

90

129

1«6-

104.

12607

. m

189

208

404

482

482

316

565

1.320

885

8U

750

718

685

718

750

685

565

538

538

464

455

455

358

Aug.

404

358

316

. 277

316

' 277

259

296

277

171

234

202

192

171

160

192

12ft

224

259

259

358

404

625

625

510

482

455

43fr

404

404

Sept

316

358

404

337

277

277

205

9M

215

tyffA

316

259-

211

196

98

177

183

16&

152 140.

82

n Qt*

« 103

113

149

149

146

102

124

Discharge interpolated.
tTPPEB MISSISSIPPI MVEH BRAINAGOS BASIN.

£<£%d&c&argr«, in setxmdrfeet, qjSauk Riven: max St. Cloud, Minn.,for the period Oct. 1

to Dee, M,

Bay,

1... .........

2............

4............

5............

6............

7............

8............

10 .........

Oct.

131

', 133

. 140

< 156

142

89

147

147

150

176

Nov.

182

122

122

238

235.

232

238

235

236

166

Dec.

124

256

244

166

154

214

300

266

378

Day.

11............

12............

< 13t

I4i

3ft.

16............

17............

18............

li.... ........

20............

Oct.

200

203

129

: 200

: 206

226

226

220

189

147

NOT.

300

 289

209

203

206

166

156

142

187

145

D«e..

317

336

356

226

282

336

336

356

300

Day

21............

22............

24............

26............

ZT..... .......

28............

[29............

30............

Oct.

142

187

195

176

124

: 187

189

161

187

Nov.

195

217

118

89

101

lit

152

13ft

25ft

214

Dec.

336

223

282

450

282

214

189

182

131

156

161

NOTE. Dafly discharge computed front tsca fairly weU defined sating curves. Backwater from growth 

of grass in channel has been assumed to have occurred during last part of June.

For days on- which gage was not read- discharge was estimated- as- foll&ws: Oct. 15-31, 1912,150- secondfeet, and Nov. 1-6,125 second-feet, from the discharge measurements made Oct. 15 and Nov. 20,1912, and 

a study of the. records of flow at Roekfbrd and Watson. Mirai.; May 10-19,1913,30ftseeond-feet, from a study 

of the records of Long Prairie River near Motley and Elk Elver near Big Lake. Discharge estimated, on 

account of ice, as follows: Nov. 21-30,1912,75 second-feet; Dec. 1-31, 1912, 80 second-feet (by comparison 

with the flow of Eft River near Big Lake).

Monthly di&chaxgt of Sank River near St. Cloud, Minn., Oct. f, 1912, to. Dec. 31, 1913. 

[I>rainage area, 816 squaw miles.]

Month,

1912-13; 

October.................................

December.. ...............................

Aprttl4-3ft... ...........................

May.....................................

July........ .............................

1913.

Discharge in second-feet.

"Maximum.

:, 248

; 300

253 

1,320

> 625 

i 404

226

: 300

450

Minimum.

14

116

38 

34 

129

82

89 

89 

124

Mjean.

162 

89.4, 

8Q wa

304 

117 

455 

321 

197

171 

185 

25ft

Per 

square, 

mile.

0.19ft

.ua

.098 .239- 

.373 

.143 

.558 

.393 

.24J

.210 

.227 

.314

Run-off 

(depth in 

mehes on 

drainage 

area).

0.23 

.12 

.11 

.15 

.43 

.16 

.64 

.45 

.27

.24

.25 

.36

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

D. 

B. 

B. 

C. . C. 

C. 

C.

B. 

B. 

B.

RIVER NBAR BIG LAKE, MINN.

Location. In sec. 23, T. 33> N., B. 27 W., at tfee highway bridge 4 miles east of Big 

Lake and half a mile north of Bailey station ©a the Northera Pacific Railway, 

half a mile above Tibbetts Brook, and" 4 miles below mouth of St. Francis River.

Records available. April 15, 1911, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 615 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff; read morning and evening to quarter-tenths. Limits of use: 

Hundredths below 1.0, half-tenths from 1.0 to 2.0, and tenths above 2.0 feet.

Channel and control. Channel apt to shift during extremely high water; during 

low water practically permanent except at extremely low stages when possible 

backwater may result from growth of vegetation.

Discharge measurements. Made from highway bridge; at low stages by wading.

Winter flow. Determined by measurements made through the ice.

Regulation. Flow above station not regulated; only dam on river is 8 miles below, 

near mouth.
90 SURFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Discharge measurements of Elk River near Big Lake, Minn., during the year ending Sept.

SO, 1913.

Date.

Dec. 21

21

Jan. 28

28

Made by 

S. B. SoulcS... ..........

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage

Feet. 

0.84

QA

1.24

1.24

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. o95

nOd

«55

o57

Date.

Feb. 25

Mar. 18

Apr. 19

Made by 

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.32

1.85

.85

Discharge.

See.-ft. o69

6198

182

o Complete ice cover.

6 About 40 per cent ice cover at control. Measurement made about 1,000 feet above gage.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Elk River near Big Lake, Minn., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

[Michael Tracy, observer.]

Day.

1... ........... 

2. .............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16.............. 

17..............

18..............

19.............. 

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26.............. 

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

0.85

.82

.82

.81

.80

.79

.78

.79

.80

.79

.78

.85

.90

.86

.85

.81

.80

.80

.80 

.78

.78

.78

.76

.75

.75

.75 

.75

.74

.72

.72

.72

Nov.

0.72

.72

.72

79

.71

.70

.70

.70

.70

.70

.70

.70

.70

.70

.71

-.70 

.70

.70

.70 

.70

.70

.70

.70

.59

.50

.61 

.90

1.10

.92

.98

Dec.

0.70 

.79

.79

70

.70

.50

.74

.......

1.00

84

.90

Jan.

"6." 95"

QO

1.1

.......

1.2

.......

1.25

1.3

Feb.

.......

1.5

1.65

.......

"i.'s"

1.3

"i.'ss"

Mar.

.......

1.2

1.65

1.65

1.85

"o"."85"

"1.2"

1.35

Apr.

1.4 

1.3

1.3

1.1

1.1

1.15

1.15

1.25

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.15

.98

.86

.86

.88 

.88

.88

.85 

.81

.82

.81

.80

.91

1.05

1.05 

1.1

1.2

1.15

1.1

May.

0.96 

.95

1.05

.99

.94

.89

.94

.99

.92

.86

.81

.76

.74

.75

.89

.94 

.96

1.0

1.05 

1.3

1.55

1.6-

1.6

1.65

1.7

1.65 

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.25

1.15

June.

1.1

1.0

.95

.89

.82

.76

.71

.68

.66

.64

.61

.59

.56

.54

.52

.50 

.50

.50

.51 

.51

.50

.48

.45

.48

.54

.59 

.56

.52

.50

.48

July.

0.45

.42

.80

.88

.98

.96

.91

.89

.88

.85

1.05

1.15

1.1

1.0

1.05

1.3 

1.4

1.4

1.35 

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.45

1.4

1.4

1.35 

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.2

1.3

Aug.

1.4 

1.4

1.35

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.2

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.05

1.05 

1.0

1.05

1.15 

1.2

1.3

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.3

1.3 

1.25

1.2

1.15

1.1

1.05

Sept.

1.0 

1.05

1.05

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.05

1.05

1.0

1.0

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.15

1.1

1.1 

1.1

1.05

1.15 

1.15

1.1

1.05

1.05

1.1

1.05

1.0 

1.0

.96

.95

.94

o Gage height probably 1.0 foot too low.

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 27,1912 to Mar. 31,1913. On Nov. 27, the observer 

reported river partly frozen over; backwater at gage. 
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASW.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Elk River near Biff Lake, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

161

153

153

151

148

146

143

146

148

146

143

161

174

164

161

151

148

148

148

143

143

143

138

136

136

136

136

134

129

129

129

Nov.

129

129

129

129

126

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

98

78

102

100

98

96

94

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

336

307

1O7

250

250

9A4

264

292

278

278

278

9ftl

216

184

184

189

189

189

181

171

173

171

168

1Q7

236

236

250

278

264

250

May.

211

208

236

219

205

191

205

219

200

184

171

1 KQ

154

IKfi

205

211

222

9SA

307

380

395

395

410

426

410

395

365

336

292

264

June.

250

222

208

191

158

146

139

135

130

123

113

108

104

100

100

100

102

102

100

96

90

96

108

119

113

104

100

96

July.

62

57

1OQ

185

180

167

162

159

152

204

218

IQft

204

278

310

310

294

310

343

343

326

310

310

294

278

262

247

247

278

Aug.

tin

lift

OQJ

278

262

247

247

232

232

232

218

218

218

218

204

204

190

204

232

247

278

294

294

294

278

278

262

247

232

218

204

Sept.

190

204

204

247

218

218

204

204

190

190

247

247

247

218

218

218

204

232

232

218

204

204

218

204

190

190

180

177

174

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two fairly well defined rating curves. New rating curve used 

July 1 to Sept. 30.

Discharge estimated, because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, discharge measurements, and 

climatic records, as follows: Dec. 1-20, 97 second-feet; Decv21-31, 90 second-feet; Jan. 1-31, 70 second-feet; 

Feb. 1-28, 65 second-feet; and Mar. 1-31,160 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of Elk River near Big Lake, Minn., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

[Drainage area, 615 square miles.]

Month.

March. ... .... .. . ...

April...................................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

174

129

336 

426 

250 

343 

310 

247

Minimum.

129

78

168 

154 

90 

57 

190 

174

Mean.

146 

118 

95 

70 

65 

160 

236 

263 

128 

233 

248 

211

165

Per 

square 

mile.

0.237 

.192 

.154 

.114 

.106 

.260 

.384 

.428 

.208 

.379 

.403 

.343

.268

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.27 

.21 

.18 

.13 

.11 

.30 

.43 

.49 

.23 

.44 

.46 

.38

3.63

Accuracy.

A. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B.

NOTE. See footnotes to tables of daily gage height and daily discharge.
92 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

CEOW EIVEB AT BOCEPOEB, MINN.

Location. At highway bridge at Rockford, a little more than a mile below the junction, of the North and South branches. Between the junction and the station 

are the outlets of Rebecca Lake and Lake Sarah, both very small streams.

Records available. June 4, I960, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 2,520 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff; read morning and evening to hundeedths. Limits of use: 

Hundredth^ below 5.5, haK-tenths from 5.5 to 6.5, and' tenths above 6.5 feet.

Channel and. control. Practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. During high and medium stages made from the bridge; 

during low stages by wading at various sections.

Winter now. Prior to winter of 1911-12 very little ice formed and open-water rating 

curve applied throughout the year. During winters of 1911-12 and 1912-13 ice 

destroyed discharge relation making it necessary to base estimates on discharge 

measurements. Before the dam was destroyed the temperature of the larger 

body of water back of the dam was considerably above freezing and the water 

did not freeze quickly when released, but since the destruction of the dam natural 

conditions exist and ice forms.

Regulation. On the north, middle, and south forks ©f Crow River are seven power 

plants with small storage and the flow at the various points is so slight that no 

appreciable effect of their operation iaobservable at the gage. A dam immediately 

above the gage was partly destroyed May 31, 1911, and has not yet been repaired.

Accuracy. Records should be reliable except for periods when discharge relation 

may be affected by growth of grass in channel below gage.

i.

Discharge measurements of Crow Rivet at RocKfbrd, Minn., during the year ending Sept.

30, 1913.

Date.

Feb. 4

Apr. 7

Made-by 

S.B.SouW.. ..............................................................

W.G.Hoyt.. ............................................................

Gage 

height..

Feet. 

4.96

5.84

Dfecharge.

Sec.-ft. <>34

6646

o Complete ice cover at measuring section about 400 feet below gage. Nearly complete ice cover at control. 

i> Control clear.
UPPEB MISSISSIPPI RIVER BBAHSTAGE BASIIST.

Daity gage height, in feet, o/Crow River at £oe%SM, Mitw., for they ear endwg Sept.

1913. 

[G. W. Florida, observer.]

Day.

1....... .......

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

?.... . .......

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..........'....

Oct.

5.6

5.55

5.5

5.49;

5.45

5.41'

5.36

5.32

5.32

5.30

5.45

5.5

5.49

5.45

5.41

5.° 40

5.36

n id

5.32

5.30

5.30

5.28

5.26

5.24

5.23

5.22

5.22

5.22

5.23

5.22

5.20

Nov. .

5.18

5.16

5.14

5.11

5.10

5.08

5.08-

5.08

5.08

5.08

5.12

5.12

5.12

5.08

5.04

5.02;

5.02

5.02

5.04

5.06

5.08

5.08

5,09

5.06

5.04

5.02

5.02

5.00

4.98

4.99

Dec.

5.25

5.20i

5.12!

5.04.

5.00

5.00^

5.08J

5.15;

5.30

5.04:

5.04;

5.04!

5.04

4.99 |

4.98

5.00

5.01

4 99

4 OK

4 Q7

4.98

4.98

4.98

4.96

4.95

4.94

4 95

4 Ofi

4.97

4.98

4 98

Jan.

4.97

4.96

4.95

4.96

5.06

5.04

5.03

4.95

4.80

4. 82

4.80

4.82

4.82

4.80

4.82

4.84

4.85

4. .84

4.84

4.85

4.86

4.85

4.84

4.84

4,84

4.83

4.84

4.84

4.85

4.84

4.82

Fefe.

4.80

4.96

5.02

5.66 !

,

4.85

4.85

Mar.

5.1

5.15

5.5

6.1

6.45

6.0

5.5

5.46

5.42

5 40

5.38

5.36

5.32

5.24

5.18

5.13

5,14

5.16

5.26

5.33

5.42

5.46

5.55

Apr.

5.65 5.7'

5.8

5.8

5.75

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.75

5.8

5.85

5.85

5.8

5.7

5.65

5.6

5.6

5.55

5.55

5.65

5.7

5,85

6.0

6.1

6.0

5.9

5.8

'May.

5.8

5.9

5.8

5.65

5.6

5.55

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.48

5.46

5.43

5.40

5.55

5.65

5.65

5.65

5.65

5.8

6.0

6.1

6.8

6.3

6.25

6.2

6.05

5.9

5.75

5.7

5.6

June.

5.6

5.48

5.40

5.39

5.36

5.31

5.26

5.20

5.16

5.10

5.08

5.07

5.04

5.04

5.04

5.02

5.02

5.00

4.98

5.11

5.12

5.04

5.00

4.99

5.42

5.16

5.27

5.38

5.37

5.32

July.

5.29

5.26

5.32

5.39

5.65

5.95

6.15

6.1

6.1

6.05

6.3

6.45

6.6

6.7

6.8

7.1

7.5

7.7

7.8

7.7

7.6

7.5

7.4

7.2

7.1

7.1

7.0

6.9

6.8

6.8

6.8

Aug.

6.8

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.6

6.6

6.45

6.4

6.35

6.3

6.3

6.25

6.2

6.2

6.15

6.15

6 15 '

6.1

6.1

6.2

6.6

7.0

7.2

7.4

7.4

7.3

7.2

7.0 , 6.9

6.8

6.7

Sept.

6.7

6.8

7.1

7.2

7.2

7.4

7.2

7.1

7.1

7.0

7.1

7.1

7.1

7.1

7.2

7.1

7.0

6

0

6.8

6.6

6.5

6.5

6.4

6.35

6.35

6.3

6.25

6.2

6.2

6.15

NOTE. Discharge relation probably affected by ice about Dec. 7-13 and Dec. 29,1912, to Mar. 14,1913, 

and by backwater from grass about Aug. 1 to Sept. 30,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Crow Kiver at Rockford, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22.. ...... ..

28..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29

30..............

31..............

Oct.

395

370

345

340

322

304

oco

266

266

257

322

345

340

oaA

304

300

283

274

266

. 257

257

249

241

233

229

225

225

225

229

225

217

Nov.

209

202

1QJ

183

179

172

172

172

187

187

187

172

151

151

151

158

165

172

172 j

176

165

158

151

151

144

138

141

Dee.

237

217

187

158

144

144

144

144

144

143

143

142

142

141

138

144

148

141

138

134

138

138

138

131

128

125

128

131

131

131

130

Jan.

 *

Feb. Mar.

345

327

309

300

291

283

266

233

209

190

194

303

241

270

309

327

370

Apr.

420

445 500'

500

472

500

500

500

445

445

445

472

500

,528

" -528

500

445 420'

395

395

370 3J0 1

420 !

445

528

410

665

610

555

500

May.

500

555

500

420

395

370

S41

345

345

345

336

327

314

300

870

420

420

420

420

500

610

665

785

785

755

725

638

555

472

445

395

June.

395

336

300

296

283

261

241

217

802

179

172

168

158

158

158

151

151

144

138

183

187

158

144

141

309

202

245

291

287

266

July.

253

241

266

296

420

582

695

665

665

638

785

875

965

1,030

1,189

1,290

1,570

1,710

1,790

1,710

1,640

1,570

1,500

1,360

1,290

1,290

1,220

1,160

1,100

1,100

1,100

Aug.

998

935

935

935

875

875

785

755

725

695

695

665

638

638

610

610

610 582'

582

638

875

1,130

1,260

1,400

1,400

1,320

1,260

1,130

1,080

998

935

Sept.

935

998

1,190

1,260

1,260

1,400

1 260

1,190

1,190

1,130

1,190

1,190

i ion

1,190

1 260

1,190

1,130

1,060

998

875

815

815

755

725

725

695

665

638

638

610

NOTE. Daily discharge determined as follows: Oct. 1,1912, to July 31,1913, from a well-defined rating 

curve; Aug. 1 to Sept. 30,1913, estimated on account of backwater due to grass, on basis of discharge measurement made Oct. 21,1913.

Discharge estimated, because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, one discharge measurement, 

and climatic records, as follows: Dec. 7-13, and 29-31,1912; Jan. 1-31,1913, 72 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,45 

secdnd-feet; and Mar. 1-14,150 second-feet.
94 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of Crow River at Rockford, Minn., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1913. 

[Drainage area 2,520 square miles.]

Month.

October. ................................

July....................................

The year. .........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

395 

209

665 

785 

395 

1,790 

1,400 

1,400

1,790

Minimum.

217 

138

370 

300 

138 

241 

582 

610

Mean.

281 

169 

146 

72 

45 

218 

481 

477 

217 

1,030 

889 

1,010

422

Per 

square 

mile.

0.112

.067 

.058 

.029 

.018 

.087 

.191 

.189 

.086 

.409 

.353 

.401

.167

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.13 

.07 

.07 

.03 

.02 

.10 

.21 

.22 

.10 

.47 

.41 

.45

2.28

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

B. 

D. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B.

RUM RIVER AT CAMBRIDGE, MINN.

Location. At highway bridge half a mile west of Cambridge. No tributary within 

several miles.

Records available. June 12, 1909, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 1,160 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff; read twice daily to quarter-tenths. Limits of use: Hundredths below 4.0 half-tenths from 4.0 to 5.0, and tenths above 5.0 feet.

Channel and control. No well-defined control; channel shifting.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Winter flow. Determined by measurements made through the ice.

Regulation. Flow except during low water controlled by storage in and evaporation 

from the lakes in the drainage area above Onamia. There is a 10-foot dam and 

power plant at St. Francis, 20 miles below Cambridge by river; difference in 

elevation between crest of dam and water surface at gaging station about 6 feet. 

The fact that morning and evening gage heights during low-water are for the 

most part identical indicates that the St. Francis dam affects this station very 

little though the flow may fall below the crest at times during the day. The 

only dam at Cambridge is at Milaca and is used to form a pool from which water 

is pumped.

Accuracy. Records poor. During the summer months grass grows in channel 

causing backwater in varying" amount at gage.

Discharge measurements of Rum River at Cambridge, Minn., during the year ending Sept.

SO, 1913.

Date.

Oct. 11

Nov. 23 

Dec. 30

Feb. 27

Made by 

W.G.Hoyt...... ......

.....do.................. 

S. B. Soul<§.. ...........

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.12

2.99 

3.34

3.50

3.60

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

121

116

o84

055.1

061.9

Date.

May 23

July 8

Sept. 4

Made by 

W.G.Hoyt............

.....do..................

8. B. Soul<§~ ...........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

4.18

7.02 

5.23

4.48

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

379

1,220

406

264

Complete ice cover at control; about 90 per cent ice cover at measuring section.
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI EIVEB DRAINAGE BASIN. 95

Daily gage height, in feet, of Rum River at Cambridge, Minn., for tRe year ending Sept.

SO, 1913. 

[Joseph Lofetrom, observer.}

Day.

1... ........... 

2.............. 

3.............. 

4.............. 

5..............

6.............. 

7.............. 

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............. 

12.............. 

13.............. 

14..............

15..............

16.............. 

17.............. 

18..............

19.............. 

20..............

21.............. 

22..............

23.............. 

24.............. 

25..............

26..............

27..............

28.............. 

29.............. 

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

3.40 

3.40 

3.35 

3.30 

3.25

3.20 

3.15 

3.15

3.15 

3.10

3.15 

3.20 

3.30 

3.25

3.25

3.25 

3.20 

3.20 

3.15 

3.15

3.10 

3.10

3.10 

3.10 

3.05

3.05

3.05 

3.00

3.05 

3.05 

3.00

Nov.

3.00 

3.00 

3.00 

3.00 

3.00

3.00 

2.99 

3.00

3.00 

3.00

2.99 

2.96

2.98 

2.98

2.96

2.98 

2.95 

2.95 

2.96 

2.98

2.98 

2.98

2.98 

2.68 

2.92

3.05

3.10 

3.10 

3.00 

3.00

Dec.

3.00 

3.10 

3.10

" 3~i6

"3." 25"

3.35

"3." 35"

Jan.

"3.'40"

3.35

3.40

3.42

"s.'so"

Feb.

3.50

"3.52"

"i'eo"

.......

3.60

Mar.

3.58

3.68 

3.80

"i! 65"

4.65 

4.55

4.3 

4.1

.3.98

3.85 

3.82 

3.95 

4.1

4.25

Apr.

4.35 

4.8 

5.6 

5.6 

5.2

4.8 

4.35 

4.3

4.2 

4.05

3.95 

3.99 

4.0 

4.1

4.2

4.2 

4.1 

3.98 

3.86 

3.79

3.79 

3.82

3.80 

4.0

4.45

4.6

5.0 

5.3 

5.3 

5.1

May.

4.85 

4.6 

4.5 

4.4 

4.3

4.2 

4.1 

4.0

3.96 

3.96

3.99 

3.95

3.84 

3.71

3.86

4.1 

4.55 

5.7 

6.4 

6.9

7.1 

7.0

7.0 

7.3 

7.5

7.6

7.3 

6.8 

6.2 

5.8 

5.4

June.

5.1

4.85 

4.6 

4.4 

4.3

4.2 

4.1 

4.0

3.89 

3.80

3.74 

3.65 

3.58 

3.52

3.49

3.44 

3.42 

3.44 

3.45 

3.48 

3.45 

3.41

3.38 

3.34 

3.32

3.26

3.40 

3.46 

3.69

3.81

July.

3.78 

3.66 

3.74 

3.88 

4.3

4.5 

4.7 

5.2

5.6 

5.7

5.7 

5.7 

5.5 

5.3

5.5

6.1 

6.4 

6.5 

6.4 

6.3

6.1 f. n

5.6 

5.4 

5.2

5.2

5.1 

5.0 

5.2 

5.6

5.8

Aug.

6.1 

6.0 

5.8 

5.6 

5.4

5.1 

5.1 

5.0

4.95 

4.95

5.1 

5.2 

5.2 

' 5.1

5.0

4.9 

4.85 

4.8 

4.95 

5.2

5.7 

5.5

7.2 

7.6 

7.8

7.6

7.1 

6.5 

5.9 

5.4 

5.0

Sept.

4.8 

4.65 

4.55 

4.45 

4.4

4.4 

4.3 

4.2

4.1

4.05

4.05 

4.05 

4.05 

4.35

4.5 

4.4 

4.25 

4.1 

3.98 

3.90

3.79

3.78

3.76 

3.85 

3.96

3.94

3.88 

3.92 

3.98 

3.90

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 24,1912, to Mar. 31,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Rum River at Cambridge, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

150

150

140

140

130

130

120

120

130

120

130

140

160

150

150

160

140

140

130

130

120

120

120

120

110

110

110

100

110

120

110

Nov.

110

UO

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

115

115

115

115

115

115

115

115

110

110

110

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar.

«

Apr.

428

560

800

800

680

560

428

414

386

345

320

330

332

358

386

386

358

327

299

283

283

290

285

332

456

500

620

710

710

650

May.

5?5

500

470

442

414

386

368

332

322

322

330

320

294

264

299

358

485

830

1,040

1,190

1,250

1,220

1,220

1,320

1,380

1,420

1,320

1,160

950

830

no

June.

590

515

442

386

345

320

285

262

237

206

193

162

147

124

119

101

97

101

94

91

86

80

67

61

51

43

62

64

101

113

July.

108

88

92

108

195

239

274

400

515

545

545

545

485

428

485

665

755

785

770

740

680

620

530

470

414

414

386

358

414

530

590

Aug.

680

650

590

545

485

400

400

372

3o8

358

400

428

428

400

372

345

332

320

372

442

590

530

1,040

1,160

1,220

1,160

1,010

830

650

500

386

Sept.

332

296

274

262

250

250

228

217

195

184

184

195

195

262

308

285

250

228

202

184

in

169

164

184

219

215

202

221

235

217

NOTE. Daily discharge determined as follows: Oct. 1 to Nov. 23,1912, by indirect methods for shifting 

channel; Nov. 24,1912, to May 28,1913, from a fairly well-defined rating curve; May 29 to Sept. 30,1913, byshifting channel methods. Discharge estimated, because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, discharge measurements, and climatic records, as follows: Nov. 24-30, daily discharge; Dec. 1-31, 1912,100 

second-feet; Jan. 1-31,1913, 69 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,58 second-feet; and Mar. 1-31,150 second-feet.
SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, PAST W,

>e t>/ Rum River at Q&m&ridge, Miwu., for the yeter ending >Sept. 89, 

[Drainage area, 1,160 square miles.]

Month.

October........................................................

March.........................................................

April... ........................................................

May............................................................

My............................................................

Discharge im s«bHttd-feet.

Masaiauin.

100 

115

. 800 

1,420, 

590 785' 

1,220 

332

1,420

MinimUBi.

1ft) 

110

283: 

254 43; «8' 

320; 

1«4;

Mean.

129 

111 

100 

69 

58 

150 

454 

720 

182 

457 

573 

226

271

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

D, 

B. 

B. 

C. 

 . 

C. 

C.

MINNESOTA RIVER NEAR MONTEVIDEO, MINN.

Location. In sec. J9, T. 117 N., R. 40 W., at highway bridge, 1 vale south of Montevideo, a short distance below mouth of Chippewa River.

Records avaUable.-nJuly 23, 1909, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 6,300 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge; read morning and ev«ning to quarter-tenths. 

Limits of use: Hundredths below 2.0, half-tenths from 2.f to 3.0, and tenths 

3.0 feet above. Datum of gage lowered 2 feet September 16s, 1909, and 1 foot 

additional July 29, 1910, to avoid negative readings.

Channel and control. Practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge.

Winter fto-w. Determined by measurements maxJe through Hie ice.

Regulation. Nearest dam at Granite Falls, but it does net influence this gaging 

station. No dam above station. The discharge of Chippewa River is so much 

less than that of the Minnesota that flie control of the foraaer by a dam at Montevideo has little effect on the Minnesota gage heights.

Discharge measurements of Minnesota River near Montevideo, Minn., during the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Dec. 28

Jan. 23

TjVK 91 ,

Made by 

S. B. Soule"... ..........

.....da..................

.....do..................

Oage 

height.

Feet. 

3.16

3,48

&.56

Discharge. ,

8ec.-ft. 

128

o84

Date.

Feb. 21

Se|rt> 16

Made by 

S. B.SOttHL.». ........ ^ W.G.Hoyt...... ......

S. B.SouftL... .........

Gage

height.

Ffft. 

3.57

5.81

2.86

Discharge.

Sw.-ft. 

o76

945

219

« Complete ice cover.
UPPEK MISSISSIPPI KIVEE DRAINAGE BASIN. 97

Daily gage height, infect, of Minnesota River near Montevideo, Minn.'for the year ending

Sept. 3Q, 1913.

[Mrs. Mary Hendricks, observer.]

Day.

1..... .........

2..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

OQ

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2.8

2.7

9 i

9 AR

9 7

2 4

2.5

2.8

2.6

2.3

2.6

2.8

2.5

2.5

2.8

2.75

2.8

2 7

2.7

9 9

9 fi

2.85

2 7

2.15

9 ^

2.75

2.6

2.4

2 7

2 Q

2 7

Nov.

2.3

2.2

2.2

9 A.

2.7

9 7

2 7

2.35

2.45

2.4

2.4

2.7

9 7

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.3

2 4

2.6

9 fi

9 7

2.6

2.3

2.4

9* <l

2.6

2.8

2.8

2.65

2.7

Dec.

2.35

2.8

2.3

2.4

2.45

2.35

2.35

2.4

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.45

2.65

2.8

2.85

3.2

3.2

2.85

3.1

3.1

2.9

2.8

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.0

3.2

3.2

Jan.

3.4

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.8

Feb.

3.4

3.6

*> A

3.6

3.7

Mar.

3.7

3.6

3.7

Apr.

4.0

5.8

5.8

5 4

5.0

4.5

4.3

4.8

5.3

5.3

5.4

5.4

5.3

5.5

6.0

6.1

6.0

6.2

5.9

5.8

5.9

5.8

5.8

C Q

C Q

6.0

5.8

6.0

5.8

5.7

May.

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.3

5.5

5.5

5.4

5.2

5.2

5.0

4.8

4.8

4.9

4.9

4.8

A, 7

4.6

4.6

4.8

A Q

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.5

5.5

5.4

5.5

5.5

June.

5.2

5.2

5.0

5.0

4.9

4.8

A. 7

4.4

4.3

4.4

4.3

4.1

4.0

*> Q

3.7

3.8

3.7

3.4

3.4

q *>

3.4

3.2

3.2

q q

q o

3.2

3.2

3.2

2.8

i 1

July.

2.9

2.9

9 Q

9 Q

q n

2.8

2.86

2.8

2 7

2.7

2.75

2.65

2.5

2.6

9 AF;

9 7

2.55

2.55

2.65

9 f\f\

2 Q

3.2

3.3

q o

2.95

2.85

2.8

3.2

i i

O Q

2.8

Aug.

2.85

3.1

q A

q o

9 ft

2.8

2.8

2.5

9 7

2.45

2.5

2.6

2.65

2.75

2.55

2.65

2.45

9 Q

3.1 *> fi

q fi

^l 1

2.9

2.95

3 9

3.2

3.2

3.4

q A

3.3

2.55

Sept.

9 Q

3.0

9 fi^

9 Ql

q -i

9 Q

2.75

3.2

3.2

2.95

2.7

2.95

9 QP;

9 fi

9 RJi

2.65

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.7

2.65

2.7

2.5

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.45

2.4

9 Kf\

2.6

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 26,1912, to Mar. 31,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Minnesota River near Montevideo, Minn.,for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1... ...........

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

9Q

30..............

31..............

Oct.

181

168

132

138

168

132

lAi

181

156

120

1 C«

181

144

144

181

174

181

168

168

108

I'M

188

168

120

174

156

132

1CQ

194

168

Nov.

120

108

108

132

168

168

168

138

132

1*>O

1CQ

144

144

156

120

iqO

156

1 P*fi

1CQ

IPtfl

120

120

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

418

934

934

807

685

543

490

627

776

776

807

807

776

838

1,000

1,030

1,000

1,070

967

934

967

934

934

967

967

1,000

934

1,000

QO/I

902

May.

870

870

870

776

838

838

807

745

745

685

627

627

656

656

627

599

571

571

627

fiSfi

745

776

807

870

870

870

838

838

807

838

838

June.

745

745

685

685

656

627

599

516

490

516

ion

442

418

396

354

374

354

296

296

278

296

260

260

278

260

260

260

260

194

242

July.

210

210

210

210

226

194

202

194

178

178

186

170

148

162

170

178

155

155

170

155

210

260

278

260

218

202

194

260

242

210

194

Aug.

202

242

226

260

194

194

194

148

178

141

14S

162

170

186

155

170

141

210

242

226

226

242

210

218

260

260

260

296

296

278

155

Sept.

210

99.fi

202

218

242

210

186

260

260

218

178

218

218

162

202

170

178

178

162

178

170

178

148

134

148

148

141

134

155

162

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two rating curves well defined above 400 second-feet and fairly 

well defined below this point. Kevised rating curve used May 23 to Sept. 30 based on discharge measurement made Sept. 16. Discharge estimated, because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, 4 discharge 

measurements, and climatic records as follows: Nov. 26-30, 125 second-feet; Dec. 1-31, 125 second-feet; 

Jan. 1-23,102 second-feet; Jan. 24-31, 82 second-feet; Feb. 1-21, 77 second-feet; Feb. 22-28, 73 second-feet; 

and Mar. 1-31,150 second-feet.

91388° WSP 355 15 7
98 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913,, PAET V.

Monthly discharge of Minnesota River near Montevideo, Minn.,for the year ending Sept.

30, 1913.

[Drainage area, 6,300 square miles.]

Month.

February ...............................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

194

1,070

870 

745 

278 

296 

260

1,070

Minimum.

102

418 

571 

194 

, 148 

141 

134

Mean.

156 

ol39 

125 

96.8 

76.0 

150 

859 

753 

418 

200 

209 

186

282

Per 

square 

mile.

0.025 

.022 

.020 

.015 

.012 

.024 

.136 

.120 

.066 

.032 

.033 

.030

.045

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.03 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.01 

.03 

.15 

.14 

.07 

.04 

.04 

.03

.60

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B.

a Differs from value published m "Report of the water-resources investigation of Minnesota, 1911-1912," 

because of estimate of flow Nov. 26 to 30 made from information obtained after publication of Minnesota 

report.

NOTE. See footnotes to tables of daily gage height and daily discharge.

MINNESOTA RIVER NEAR MANKATO, MINN.

Location. At Sibley Park, 2 miles above the center of Mankato, a few hundred 

yards below the mouth of Blue Earth River, the nearest tributary.

Records available. May 20, 1903, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 14,600 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage; read once daily to tenths. Gage checked with wye level April 

24, 1914, and found to read 0.09 foot too high; cause, settlement of gage. Settlement is assumed to have occurred gradually since the previous checking of the 

gage with level April 3, 1913.

Channel and control. No definite control; channel fairly permanent except during 

high wtaer.

Discharge measurements. Made from highway bridge in center of Mankato; 

at low stage by wading a short distance below gage.

"Winter flow. Determined by measurements made through the ice.

Regulation. Nearest dam on the river is at Minnesota Falls, 140 miles upstream; 

no dam below station. A dam on Blue Earth River at Rapidan, a few miles 

above the mouth, controls the flow, but it is such a small part of the entire 

discharge at the Mankato station that the effect of such regulation is slight.

Maximum and minimum flow. The highest known stage of the river occurred in 

1881 and is shown by a well-marked line in Mankato. The stage was approximately 27 feet above the zero of the present gage. This estimate was corroborated 

by M. B. Haynes, city engineer, of Mankato, who stated that the high water 

occurred after the ice went out and was not caused by backwater. The corresponding discharge was approximately 65,000 second-feet. Since the establishment of the gage the highest stage recorded was 21.2 feet on June 26, 1908. The 

lowest stage recorded was 0.5 in 1911 when the flow was about 89 second-feet for a 

considerable time.

Accuracy. Measurements made during earlier years indicated changing conditions 

of flow, and accordingly the discharge for years previous to 1907 was obtained 

largely by the indirect method. These results can not be considered as accurate 

as the later ones, which were based on well-defined rating curves.

Cooperation. Since 1906 gage heights have been furnished by the United States 

Weather Bureau.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 99

Discharge measurements of Minnesota River near Mankato, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Dec. 16a

Jan. 216

Mar. 56

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

height.

Feet. 

1.47

1.57

1.74

Discharge.

8ec.-ft. 

234

122

140

Date.

Sept. 19<«

Made by 

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.27

el. 43

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,570

323

a Made under complete ice cover; river about 10 per cent open at control. 

6 Complete ice cover.

c Made from highway bridge about 2 miles below gage. 

d Made by wading at a section about 300 feet below gage.

« Any error that may have existed in gage Sept. 19, 1913, entered also into gage height of discharge 

measurement made on that date.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Minnesota River near Mankato, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

is

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

sn

31..............

Oct.

1 9

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1 9

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3 

1.3

1.3

Nov.

1.31

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1 °.

1 °.

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.1

1.2

1 9

1.3

1.3

1.2

1 9

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1 9

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2 

1.2

Dec.

1.1

1.1

1.0

1 Q.

1

0

1

0

1 °.

1 °.

1 °.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1 °.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.4 

1.4

1.4

Jan.

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

1 PI

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1 9

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.6 

2.0

2.0

Feb.

1.8

1.5

1.3

1 9

1.1

1.1

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Mar.

1.6

1.6

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.8

2.6

3.0

3.3

3.8

3.5

3.7

3.9

3.2

4.1

2.9

2.4

2.6

2.6

2 3

2.2

3.0

2.6

2.3

9 tj

3.4

3.7

S Q

4.2

Apr.

4.5

3.7

3.2

3

fl

2 7

9 Q

3.2

3.4

3

0

3.1

4.0

4.3

5.5

5.8

6.6

6.5

6.6

6.4

6.3

5.4

5.5

5.0

A. 9

4.8

5.1

4.9

5.9

5.0

5.2

A. Q

May.

4.7

4.7

4.5

4.3

4.8

A. Q

4.8

5.0

4.3

4.2

4.2

4.1

Q Q

4.1

4.3

4.1

4 6

4.5

5.0

5.4

5.7

5.5

5.7

5.6

6.3

5.9

5.2

5.4

5.7 

5.6

5.5

June.

4.9

4.8

4.3

4.5

4.1

4.0

3.9

3

R

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.8

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.7

2.9

3.4

3.9

5.0

4.8

July.

4.1

5.0

3.5

3.7

3.6

3.4

3.2

3.1

3.0

2.7

2.6

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.4

3.4

2.3

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.4 

2.3

2.3

Aug.

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.2

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.5

1.5

1.9

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.8

1.8 

1.7

1.5

Sept.

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4 

1.4

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Dec. l, 1912, to Mar. 17,1913. Gage heights not corrected 

for errors due to settlement of gage. See station description.
100 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Minnesota River near Mankato, Minn., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

270

270

270

270

270

<>7n

270

270

320

320

270

370

*>7A

370

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

Nov.

320

320

270 -270

270

320

320

320

320

270

225

270 <>7n

320

320

270

270

225

270

270

270

270

270

180

180

225

225

225

270

270

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar.

1,280

910

1,050

1,050

840

1,360

1,050

840

980

1,690

1,960

2,150

2,450

Apr.

2,750

1,960

1,520

1,360

1,120

1,280

1,520

1,690

1,600

1,440

2,250

2,550

3,900

4,310

5,460

5,310

5,460

5,160

5,010

3,770

3,900

3,280

2,450

3,060

3,400

3,170

4,450

3,280

3,520

3,170

May.

2,950

2,950

2,750

2,550

3,060

3,170

3,060

3,280

2,550

2,450

2,450

2,350

2,150

2,350

2,550

2,350

2,850

2,750

3,280

3,770

4,170

3,900

4,170

4,030

5,010

4,450

3,520

3,770

4,170

4,030

3,900

June.

3,170

3,060

2,550

2,750

2,650

2,350

2,250

2,150

1,860

1,600

1,600

1,520

1,520

1,440

1,440

1,360

1,200

1,120

1,050

,1,050

1,200

980

910

910

1,120

1,280

1,690

2,150

3,280

3,060

July.

2,350

3,280

1,780

1,960

1,860

1,690

1,520

1.440

Ii360

1,120

1,050

1,120

1,120

1,050

1,050

980

980

910

910

840

775

710

710

710

710

710

710

710

910

840

840

Aug.

775

775

775

710

650

650

650

775

840

840

775

590

530

530

470

470

470

360

360

590

650

650

590

590

530

530

470

530

530

470

360

Sept.

360

360

360

415

415

415

415

415

360

360

' 470

. 470

415

415

415

360

360

360

360

360

360

360

310

310

360

360

360

360

310

310

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two fairly well-defined rating curves. Discharge estimated, 

because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, 3 discharge measurements, and climatic records, 

as follows: Dec. 1-25,250 second-feet; Dec. 26-31, 220 second-feet; Jan. 1-20, 161 second-feet; Jan. 21-31, 

124 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,131 second-feet; and Mar. 1-17, 350 second-feet. Low-water section of rating 

curve for last part of year ending Sept. 30, 1913, based on discharge measurement made on Sept. 19, 

1913, and is therefore applicable to the gage heights as read by the observer.

Monthly discharge of Minnesota River near Mankato, Minn., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

[Drainage area, 14,600 square miles.]

Month.

October. ................................

November. .............................

March. .................................

April...................................

June. ...................................

July....................................

September ..............................

The year.. ........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

370 

320

2,450

5,460 

5,010 

3,280 

3,280 

840 

470

5,460

Minimum.

270 

180

1,120 

2,150 

910 

710 

360 

310

Mean.

310 

270 

244 

148 

131 

785 

3,100 

3,250 

1,810 

1,180 

596 

375

1,020

Per 

square 

mile.

0.021 

.018 

.017 

.010 

.009 

.054 

.212 

.223 

.124 

.081 

.041 

.026

.070

Eun-ofl 

(depth in 

mcnes on 

drainage 

area).

0.02 

.02 

.02 

.01 

.01 

.06 

.24 

.26 

.14 

.09 

.05 

.03

.95

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

D. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

A.
TJPPEB MISSISSIPPI KIVEB DRAINAGE BASIN. 101

LAO QUI PABLE EIVEB AT LAO QUI PARLE, MINN.

Location. In sec. 26, T. 118 N., R. 42 W., at highway bridge at Lac Qui Parle, in

Lac Qui Parle County, a short distance above mouth of Threemile Creek. 

Records available. April 27, 1910, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 838 square miles. 

Gage. Vertical staff; read once daily to quarter-tenths. Limits of use: Hundredths

below 1.5, half-tenths from 1.5 to 3.0, and tenths above 3.0 feet. 

Channel and. control. Gravel; shifts slightly during flood stages. 

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge. 

Winter flow. Observations .discontinued during winter. Estimate for whiter of

1912-13 based on flow of Minnesota River at Montevideo and the Chippewa near

Watsori, and the discharge measurement on February 22. 

Regulation. No dams control flow at the present time. 

Accuracy. Records only fair because of slight shifting of channel and rating curves

only fairly defined.

Discharge measurements of Lac Qui Parle River at Lac Qui Parle, Minn., during the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Feb. 22

Apr. 22

Made by 

W.G.Hoyt.... .......

Gage 

height.

Feet.

2.44

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

a O.I

170

Date.

Sept. 15

15

Made by 

S.B.SouW... .........

.....do.................

height.

Feet. 

0.37

.37

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

60.49

60.53

o River almost frozen completely to bed. & Measurement made by wading.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lac Qui Parle River at Lac Qui Parle, Minn., for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913. 

[C. A. Gould, observer.]

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

0.80

.85

.85

.88

.90

00

.88

.88

.88

.88

.85

.88

.85

.85

.85

.85

.85

.90

.90

.98

.98

.88

.90

.90

.90

.88

.88

.85

.88

.82

.85

Nov.

0.88

.88

.88

.85

.85

.82

.90

.90

.90

.90

.90

.88

.88

.88

.90

.90

.85

.75

.85

.88

.90

.88

.95

.82

.85

1.00

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

as

ae

4.0

3.3

3.0

2.55

2.3

2.35

2.35

2.25

2.2

2.0

2.15

2 7

 5.4

5.6

4.8

3.8

3.2

2.85

2.65

2.45

2.45

2.4

2.6

3.3

3.6

3.3

2.9

2.6

May.

2.4

2.4 2.3'

2.3

2.3

2.25

2.2

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.85

1.8

1.8

1.9

1.9

2.05

2.0

2.1

2.15

2.65

3.4

3.5

3.1

2.85

2.7

2.7

2.8

2.6

2 4

June.

2.3

2.1

2.05

2.0

1.9

1.85

1.8

1.65

1.6

1.55

1.45

1.40

1.40

1.28

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.02

.98

1.08

1.10

1.05

1.42

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.48

1.38

1.12

1.12

July.

1.02

.95

.90

1.05

1.40

1.18

1.30

1.6

1.55

1.5

1.38

1.32

1.25

1.12

1.10

1.22

1.15

1.22

1.22

1.30

1.32

1.32

1.30

1.20

1.15

1.11

1.10

1.05

1.00

.90

.88

Aug.

0.80

.70

.70

.65

.60

.60

.60

.58

.55

.55

.55

.52

.55

.55

.55

.52

.52

.82

.70

.82

.70

62

.60

.55

.55

.52

.50

.50

, .45

.45

.42

Sept.

0.42

.45

.85

1.05

.78

.62

.55

.48

.45

45

.45

.41

.40

.40

.38

.35

.35

.35

.30

.30

.30

.28

.28

.35

.32

.30

.30

.30

.30

.30

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 26,1912, to Apr. 3,1913.
102 SUEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Lac Qui Parle River at Lac Qui Parle, Minn.,for the

year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

10..............

11..............

19

13..............

14..............

15..............

16.... ......... -

17..............

18..............

19

20..............

21..............

22..............

23

25. .............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

9

11

11

12

13

13

12

12

12

12

11

12

11

11

11

11

11

13

13

16

16

12

13

13

13

12

12

11

12

10

11

Nov.

12

12

12

11

11

10

13

13

13

13

13

12

12

12

13

13

11

8

11

12

13

12

15

10

11

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

301

253

184

149

156.

156

142

136

112

130

206

660

696

553

383

285

229

198

169

169

162

191

301

349

301

237

191

May.

162

162

1 AG

149

149

142

136

124

112

112

112

101

96

91

91

101

101

118

112

124

130

198

317

333

269

229

206

206

221

191

162

June.

149

124

118

112

101

96

91

76

71

66

58

53

53

44

38

34

31

26

24

30

31

28

55

71

. 71

71

60

51

32

32

July.

26

22

19

28

37

45

71fifi

62

51

47

42

32

31

39

34

39

39

45

47

47

45

38

34

32

31

28

25

19

18

Aug.

14

10

10

Q n

6.0

6.0

6.0

5.3

4.2

4.2

3 0

4.2

4.2

4.2

3.2

3.2

15

10

15

10

6.8

6.0

4.2

3.2

2.5

2.5

1.8

1.8

1.3

Sept.

i i

1.8

16

1 Q

10

6.8

4.2

2.2

1.8

1.8

1.8

1 9

1.0

1.0

.9

.6

.6

.6

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.6

.4

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 14 and 678 second-feet 

(gage heights, 0.8 and 5.5 feet) and fairly well denned below 14 second-feet. Discharge estimated, because 

of ice, from one discharge measurement, climatic records, and comparison with the flow of Minnesota River 

near Montevideo, as follows: Nov. 26-30,9 second-feet; Dec. 1-31,1912 5 second-feet; Jan. 1-31,1913,4 secondfeet; Feb. 1-28,1 second-foot; Mar. 1-3110 second-feet: and April 1-3, 200 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of Lac Qui Parle River at Lac Qui Parle, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

[ Drainage area, 838 square miles.]

Month.

April...................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

16 

15

696 

333 

149 

71 

15 

28

696

Minimum.

9

112 

91 

24 

18 

1.3 

.3

Mean.

12.0 

11.4 

5 

4 

1 

10 

253 

158 

63.2 

38.5 

5.95 

2.95

47.1

Per 

square 

mile.

0.014 

.014 

.0060 

.0048 

.0012 

.012 

.302 

.189 

.075 

.046 

.0071 

.0035

.056

Run-off 

(depth in 

mches on 

drainage 

area).

0.02 

.02 

.007 

.006 

.001 

.01 

.34 

.22 

.08 

.05 

.008 

.004

.77

Accuracy.

D. 

D.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C.
TIPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 10$

CHIPPEWA RIVER NEAR WATSON, MINN.

Location. On line between sees. 10 and 15, T. 118 N., R. 41 W., at highway bridge

2J miles northeast of Watson, 10 miles above mouth of river, and about 2 miles

below mouth of Dry Weather Creek. 

Records available. July 6, 1909, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 1,940 square miles. 

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge; read in the afternoon to quarter-tenths.

Limits of use: Hundredths below 5.0, half-tenths from 5.0 to 6.0, and tenths

above 6.0 feet.

Channel and control. Slightly shifting during flood stages. 

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge and by wading. 

Winter now. During period of ice in 1912-13 based on direct relation between flow

at Montevideo and Watson supplemented by one discharge measurement. 

Regulation. Some slight regulation may have been due at one time to a flour null

working under an 8-foot head, but this dam is now out and the flow is natural.

No backwater at station from dam at Montevideo. 

Accuracy. Records good; based on a fairly well-defined curve.

Discharge measurements of Chippewa River near Watson, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Feb. 22

Sept. 15

Made by 

W.G.Hoyt.. ............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

(a)

5.17

4.97

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

2.8

120

94

a Measurement made near the mouth of river. Gage not visited.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chippewa River near Watson, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[Clifford Bonde, observer.]

Day.

1..............

2.............. 

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10. .............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30

31..............

Oct.

4.70

4.70 

4.68

4.65

4.60

4.62

4 65

4.65

4.68

4.68

4.70

4.72

4.70

4.68

4.68

4.68

4.68

4.68

4.70

4.68

'4.65

4.65

4.62

4.62

4.62

4.61

4.61

4.62

4.60

4 60

4.65

Nov.

4.62

4.65 

4.68

4 68

4.65

4.55

4.65

4.60

4.60

4.62

4.61

4.58

4 60

4.62

4.62

4.60

4.68

4.70

4.70

4.60

4.58

4.55

4.60

A fiO

4.71

4.70

4.70

4.68

4.65

4.62

Dec.

.......

Jan.

.......

Feb. Mar.

5.05

Apr.

5.0

4.32 

4.62

4.45

4.55

4.82

4.90

5.2

5.3

6.0

5.9

5.4

5.5

5.4

5.35

5.4

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.35

May.

5.3

5.35 

5.2

5.2

5.25

5.3

5.2

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.65

6.0

6.1

6.2

6,2

6.3

6.3

6.4

6.4

6.3

6.2

6.0

5.8

Jane.

5.8

5.65

5.45

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.0

4.90

4.88

4.85

4.80

4.72

4.70

4.68

4.60

4.45

4.55

4.75

3.55

4.50

4.45

d 4fl

4.42

4.45

4.42

4.35

4.30

4.35

July.

4.29

4.25

4.50

4.48

4.48

4.48

4.48

4.42

4.35

4.42

4.40

4

OQ

4.40

4.42

4.58

4.60

4.72

d on

5.0

5.10

5.1

5.3

5.45

5.5

5.55

5.5

5.6

5.6

5.5

Aug.

5.5

5.4 

5.3

5.25

5.2

5.15

5.1

5.1

5.05

5.1

5.1

4.95

5.0

4.90

4.88

4.88

4.90

5.0

4 95

5.2

5.2

5.25

5.3

5.4

5.4

5.45

5.4

5.35

5.3

5.2

5.1

Sept.

5.05

5.4

5.8

5.1

5.0

5.0

5.0

4.95

5.2

5.1

5.0

5.0

4.98

4.95

4.92

4.88

4.85

4.82

4.82

4.85

4.88

4.82

4.80

4.82

4.82

4.85

4.75

NOTE. Discharge relation afleeted by ice about Nov. 25,1912, to Apr. 3,1913.
104 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Dailv discharge, in second-feet, of Chippewa River near Watson, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29. ............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

65

65

63

61

57

59

61

61

63

63

65

67

65

63

63

63

63

63

65

63

61

61

59

59

59

58

58

59

57

57

61

Nov.

59

61

63

63

61

53

61

57

57

59

58

55

57

59

59

57

63

65

65

57

55

53

57

59

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

35

40

55

46

53

78

87

137

240

225

151

165

151

144

151

151

1V7

124

124

124

124

124

137

137

137

151

151

151

144

May.

137

144

124

124

130

137

o!30

124

137

124

124

124

121

124

137

151

165

188

225

240

256

272

272

288

288

304

304

288

272

240

210

June.

210

188

ol73

158

ol48

137

124

111

99

87

85

82

76

68

66

64

57

46

53

71

53

49

46

42

43

46

43

39

36

39

July.

36

34

o 42

49

48

48

48

48

43

39

4^1

42

41

42

43

55

57

68

87

99

111

111

ol24

137

158

165

172

165

180

180

165

Aug.

165

151

137

130

124

118

111

111

105

111

111

93

99

87

85

85

87

99

93

124

124

130

137

151

151

158

151

144

137

124

111

Sept.

105

151

91ft

a 177

ol44

111

QQ

QQ

QQ

t»

124

111

QQ

99

Q7

Q3

89

oe

82

78

o78

78

82

85 -78

76

78

78

82

71

o Interpolated.

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two well-defined rating-curves. Curve used Apr. 4 to Sept. 

30 based on nine discharge measurements made in 1913 and 1914. Discharge estimated, because of ice, 

from one discharge measurement and the flow of Minnesota Biver near Montevideo and of Lac Qui Parle 

River at Lac Qui Parle, as follows: Nov. 25-30, 59 second-feet; Dec. 1-31, 45 second-feet; Jan. 1-31, 

23 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,9 second-feet; and Mar. 1-31,30 second-feet.
TIPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 105

Monthly discharge of Chippewa River near Watson, Minn.,for the year ending Sept. SO,

1913.

[Drainage area, 1,940 square miles.]

Month.

March.... . .........................:....

April....................................

May....................................

July....................................

R fini:ATn "HAT

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

67 

65

240 

304 

210 

180 

165 

210

304

Minimum.

57

124 

36

34 

85 

71

Mean.

61.5 

58.9 

45 

23 

9 

30 

127 

191 

84.6 

86.5 

121 

101

78.5

Per 

square 

mile.

0.032 

.030 

.023 

.012 

.0046 

.016 

.066 

.098 

.044 

.045 

.062 

.052

.040

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.04 

.03 

.03 

.01 

.005 

.02 

.07 

.11 

.05 

.05 

.07 

.06

.54

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

C. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

B. / 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

REDWOOD RIVER NEAR REDWOdD FALLS, MINN.

Location. At first highway bridge above Redwood Falls, 3 miles distant.

Records available. July 2, 1909, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 703 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge; read once daily to quarter-tenths. Limits

of use: Hundredths below 3.0, half-tenths from 3.0 to 4.0, and tenths above

4.0 feet. 

Channel and control. Well-defined control, consisting of loose and solid rock and

coarse gravel, at rapids about 200 feet below gage; practically permanent. 

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge; at low stages by wading at different

sections.

Winter flow.1 Affected by ice; observations discontinued. 

Regulation. Flow natural; no dams above gaging station. Below station a dam

at Redwood Falls creates a pond extending a considerable distance upstream,

but backwater does not reach station. 

Accuracy. Records should be reliable as conditions are favorable for excellent

resulte.

Discharge measurements of Redwood River near Redwood Falls, Minn., during the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Apr. 24

July 17

Made by 

S.B.Soulg....... ......

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.32

O M

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

67

27

Date.

Sept. 17

17

Made by 

S. B. Sonle"...... .......

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.64

1.64

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

2.6

2.6

NOTE. Measurements made by wading.
106 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY/1913, PAST V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Redwood River near Redwood Falls, Minn. ,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913. 

[Wallace Stuart, observer.]

Day.

1. ............

2.............

3.............

4.............

5.............

6.............

7.............

8.............

g

10.............

11.............

12.............

13.............

14.............

15.............

16.............

17.............

18.............

19.............

20.............

21.............

22.............

23.............

24.............

25.............

26.............

27.............

28.............

29.............

30.............

31.............

Oct.

1.75

1.85

1.90

1.90

1.75

1 95

1.95

9 fin

2.00

1.88

9 fin

2.10

2.10

2.00

1.85

1.95

1.95

2.00

2.10

1.95

2.00

2.05

2.05

2.05

1.90

1.96

2.05

2.00

2.05

1.96

2.00

Nov.

2.05

2.05

2.02

2.00

1.92

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

1 Q1

2.00

2.00

1 95

1.90

2.00

1.95

1.95

1.95

1.90

1.98

2.00

2.00

1.98

1.90

].98

1.95

1 98

2.00

1.88

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

2.42

2.45

2.47

2.47

2.47

2.37

2.32

2

09

2.35

2.3?

9 ^t7

2

07

2.37

9 °.Q

2.47

2.49

9 V)

2.57

2 fi9

2.57

9 47

2.47

2.32

2.27

2.40

2 40

2.38

2.35

2.35

2 30

May.

2.35

2.30

2.20

2.15

2.10

2.10

2.08

2.08

2.05

2.05

2 AC

2.02

2.02

2.05

2.10

2.05

2.02

2.02

2.08

2.08

2.10

2.10

2.12

2.15

2.20

2

9C

2

°J1

2

QA

2.30

2

9K

2.30

June.

2.25

2.20

2.20

2.10

2.10

2.05

2.00

1.98

1.95

1.90

1 90

1.90

1 90

1.88

1.90

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.80

1.80

1.78

1.80

1.80

1.80

1 80

1 78

1 71

1 78

1 78

July1.72

1.70

1.70

1.80

1.^78

1.78

1.75

1.80

1.90

2.00

2.10

2 in

2.10

2 m

2.08

2.05

2 An

1.95

 i on

1 90

1.90

1.90

1.88

1.85

1 89

1 79

1 79

1 7Q

1 7O

1 TO

Aug.

1.79

1.74

1.69

1.69

1.69

1.74

1.67

1.69

1.64

1.61

1.59

1.59

1.59

1.69

1.69

1.69

1.73

1.76

1.68

1.68

1.73

1.73

1.73

1.78

1.78

1 75!

1.78

1 75!

1.78

1.78

1.78

Sept.

1.78

1 78

1.78

1.78

1.76

1.77

1.72

1.72

1.72

1.75

1 79

1.69

1.67

1.67

1.67

1.67

1.65

1.65

1.62

1.62

1.60

1.60

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.62

1.65

1.62

1.60

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Dec. 1,1912, to Mar. 31,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Redwood River near Redwood Falls, Minn., for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16...............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

8.5

14

17

17

8.5

22

22

26

26

16

26

39

39

26

14

22

22

26

39

22

26

32

32

32

17

22

32

26

32

22

26

Nov.

32

32

29

26

19

26

26

26

26

»24

22

26

26

22

17

26

22

22

22

17

24

26

26

24

17

24

22

24

26

16

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

Q7

104

110

110

110

QA

73

7Q

80

84

84

84

84

on

110

114

122

136

150

IOA

110

11070

63

92

92

Q7

80

80

fiQ

May.

SO

69

50At)

34

34

32

OO

28

9Q

28

2591?

28

0,4

OQ

2591?

32

OO

^4

34

07

42

50

60

69

69

69

60

69

June.

60

50<;n

34

34

98

23

91

10

15

1 t*

15

15

14

15

19

12

12

10

9

9

8

g

9

9

8

7

8

8

July.

6

5

8

7

9

15

oo

0,4

Id

34

3409

OQ

90

021

10

15

1C

i*i

15

14

12

10

Q

9

9

Aug.

7

5

5

7

4

5

2

5

5

e

6

7

4

6

6

6

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

Sept

8

8

8

7

6

6

6

7

6

5

4

4

4

4

4

2

4

4

4

3

2

Estimated.

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a fairly well-defined rating curve. Discharge, December 1-31, 

1912, estimated, because of ice, from discharge of adjacent drainage areas, at 10 second-feet.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE* BASIN. 107

Monthly discharge of Redwood River near Redwood Falls, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

[Drainage area, 703 square miles.]

Month.

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

39 

32

150 

80 

60 

34 

9 

8

Minimum.

8.5 

16

63 

25 

7 

5 

2 

2

Mean.

24.2 

23.9 

10 

96.4 

42.1 

18.2 

16.0 

5.7 

4.8

Per 

. square 

mile.

0.034 

.034

.014 

.137 

.060 

.026 

.023 

.0081 

.0068

Sun-off 

£ depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.04 

.04 

.02 

.15 

.07 

.03 

.03 

.009 

.008

Accuracy.

B. 

C.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C.

COTTONWOOD RIVER NEAR NEW ULM, MINN.

Location. In sec. 31, T. 10 N., R. 30 W., at Alwin highway bridge, 2 miles southeast 

of New Ulm, 15 miles below mouth of Sleepy Eye Creek, the nearest tributary.

Records available. July 2, 1909, l/o September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 1,190 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge; read morning and evening to quarter-tenths. 

Limits of use: Hundredths below 2.0, half-tenths from 2.0 to 3.5, and tenths 

above 3.5 feet. Datum of gage lowered 2.28 feet August 12, 1909. All readings 

prior to that date corrected eo that all gage heights refer to new datum.

Channel and control. Slightly shifting as shown by low-water measurements.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge and during extreme low water by 

wading.

Winter flow. Estimates during frozen period based on discharge measurements.

Regulation. Flow not regulated; no dams above station and no effect from backwater from dam at New Ulm.

Accuracy. See footnote to monthly discharge table.

Discharge measurements of Cottonwood River near New Ulm, Minn., during the year

ending Sept. SO,J91S.

Date.

Dec. 27

Apr. 24

Made by 

S. B. Soul«S... ..........

.....do.................

W. G. Hoyt.. ..........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.93

2.73

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

ag.7

229

Date.

July 18

Sept. 18

18

Made by 

B. J. Peterson..........

S.B. Soul«L............

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.80

1.04

1.04

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

668

613.0

612.8

<* Complete ice cover.

6 Measurement made by wading at a section a short distance below the gage.
108 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Cottonwood River near New Ulm, Minn., Oct. 1, 191%, to

Dec. 13, 1913.

[Esther Alwin, observer.]

Day.

1......

2...... 

3......

4......

5......

6...... 

7......

8......

9......

10......

11......

12......

13...... 

14...... 

15......

16......

17...... 

18...... 

19......

20...... 

21......

22......

23......

24...... 

25......

26......

27...... 

28......

29......

30......

31......

Oct.

1.20

1.20 

1.18

1.12

1.10

1.12 

1.16

1.18

1.14

1.12

1.12

1.18

1.26

1.28

1 9O

1.30

1.35 

1.35 

1.30

1.28 

1.28

1.28

1.28 

1.28 

1.26

1.25

1.25 

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

Nov.

1.25

.1.25 

1.25

1.25

1 ?5

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25 

1.25

1 ?5

1.28 

1.28 

1.28

1.28

1 ?,8

1.28

1.28 

1.39 

1.48

1.50

1.50 

1.48

1 48

1.48

Dec.

2.0

......

2.3

2.6

2.7

1.93

2.8

Jan.

2.0

......

2.3

......

2

c

2.8

2.7

2.8

Feb.

......

2.95

3.0

3.0

......

3.05

......

Mar.

3.1

5.6

3.8

------

------

Apr.

3.3

3.35 

3.35

3.3

3.3

3.15

9 7**

9 1

2.2

2.2

2 25

2.3

2.45 

2.65 

3.2

4.3

4.7 

4.5 

3.8

3.4 

3.1

3.0

2.95 

2.95 

3.2

3.3

3.2 

3.0

2.9

2.65

May.

2.5

2.5 

2.5

2.45

2.45

2.4

9 a

2.35

2.25

2.1

2.05

2.05

1.95 

1.95 

2.0

2.05

2.15

2.2 

2.25

2.3 

2.35

2.65

3.05 

3.1 

3.05

3.0

3.0 

2.95

2.9

2.8

2.8

June.

2.75

2.6 

2.55"

2.4

2.15

2.1 

1.95

1.92

1.82

1.80

1.75

1.72

1.65 

1.78 

1.70

1.49

1.48 

1.40 

1.35

1.54 

1.51

1.48

1.48 

1.56 

1.94

2.5

3.25 

3.6

3.2

2.85

July.

2.5

2.4 

2.3

2.45

2.3

2.3

2.2

2 1

2.1

2.0

1.98

1.92

1.90 

1.90

1.88

1.85

1.80 

1.75 

1.70

1.68 

.1.62

1.60

1.58 

1.52 

1.50

1.46

1.41 

1.40

1.40

1.45

1.45

Aug.

1.45

1.42 

1.42

1.42

1.42

1.42 

1.42

1.42

1.42

1.40

1.38

1.34

1.32 

1.32 

1.32

1.32

1.30

1.28 

1.28

1.32 

1.40

1.48

1.52 

1.64- 

1.62

1.52

1.42 

1.40

1.35

1.32

1.30

Sept.

1.26

1.22 

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05 

1.05

1.09

1.12

1.11

1.10

1.08

1.08 

1.06 

1.08

1.08

1.06 

1.06 

1.12

1.11 

1.05

1.00

1.02 

1.06 

1.10

1.10

1.09 

1.08

1.12

1.15

Oct.

1.18

1.16 

1.15

1.15

1.12

1.10 

1.10

1.10

1.10

1.18

1.15

1.15

1.15 

1.15 

1.15

1.15

1.18 

1.20 

1.20

1.20 

1.20

1.20

1.20 

1.20 

1.20

1.20

1.20

1.20

1.28

1.21

1.28

Nov.

1.19

1.28 

1 30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1 V>

1.35

1.08

1.10

1.10

1.10

1.10 

1.10 

1.30

1.30

1.30 

1.30 

1.30

1.30 

1.32

1.32

1.32 

1.34 

1.32

1.32

1.32 

1.30

1.30

1.30

Dec.

1 30

1.30 

1.30

1 30

1 30

1.30 

1.10

1 40

1 Af\

1 49

1 49

1 49

1.42

......

......

......

......

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 24,1912, to Apr. 7,1913, and Dec. 7-13,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cottonwood River near New Ulm, Minn., Oct. 1,191%,

to Dec. 6, 1913.

Day.

1. ....

2. ....

3. ....

4. ....

5. ....

6. ....

7. ....

8. ....

9. ....

10. ....

11. ....

12. ....

13. ....

14. ....

15. ....

16. ....

17. ....

18. ....

19. ....

20. ....

21. ....

22. ....

23. ....

24......

25......

26......

27......

28......

9O

30......

31......

Oct.

17

17

16

13

12

13

15

16

14

13

13

16

21

23

23

24

28

28

24

23

23

23

23

23

21

20

20

20

20

20

20

Nov.

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

23

23

23

23

23

23

23

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

106

120

120

128

136

164

208

370

830

1,010

920

605

445

336

304

289

289

370

406

370

304

274

208

May.

174

174

174

164

164

154

154

145

128

106

99

99

86

86

92

99

113

120

128

13R

145

208

320

336

320

304

304

289

274

246

246

June.

233

196

185

154

113

106

86

82

70

68

63

60

53

66

58

38

37

31

28

43

40

37

37

44

85

174

388

525

370

260

July.

174

154

136

164

136

136

120

106

106

92

90

82

80

80

78

74

68

63

58

56

50

48

46

41

39

36

32

31

31

35

35

Aug.

35

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

31

30

27

25

25

25

25

24

23

23

25

31

37

41

52

50

41

33

31

28

25

24

Sept.

22

19

18

16

14

13

13

14

15

14

14

14

14

13

14

14

13

13

15

14

13

12

12

13

14

14

14

14

15

16

Oct.

17

16

16

1R

15

14

14

14

14

17

16

1R

16

16

1R

1R

17

18

18

18

18

18

18

18

18

18

18

18

33

19

23

Nov.

18

2324*

24

24

24

25

28

14

14

14

14

14

14

24

24

24

24

24

24

25

25

25

27

25

25

25

24

24

24

Dec.

24

24

24

24

24

24

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two well-defined rating curves. Curve used Apr. 8 to Dec. 6, 

1913, based on measurements made during that period. Discharge estimated, because of ice, from gage 

heights, observer's notes, 2 discharge measurements, and climatic records, as follows: Nov. 24-30,23 secondfeet; Dec. 1-26.16 second-feet; Dec. 27-31,1912,10 second-feet; Jan. 1-31,1913, 4 second-feet; Febl 1-28, 

3 second-feet; Mar. 1-31, 50 second-feet; and Apr. 1-7, 70 second-feet.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 109

Monthly discharge of Cottonwood River near New Vim, Minn., Oct. 1, 1911, to Dec. 6,

1913.

[Drainage area, 1,190 square miles.]

Month.

1911-12.

January..... ................... .

March _ . . ..............................

May.....................................

July.....................................

1912-13.

July... ..................................

The year.... ......................

1913.

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

679 

116

250 

97 

91 

50 

23

679

28

1,010

336

525 

174 

52 

22

1,010

23

28 

24

Miaimuni.

26

68 

24 

15 

12 

10

12

86 

28 

31 

23 

12

14 

14 

24

Mean.

279 

60.9 

55.0 

20 

15 

90 

233 

123 

51.0 

31.0 

23.6 

15.8

83.4

19.4 

21.4 

15 

4 

3 

50 

293 

180 

124 

79.9 

31.5 

14.4

69.8

17.1 

22.2 

24

Per 

square 

mile.

0.234 

.051 

.046 

.017 

.013 

.076 

.196 

.103 

.043 

.026 

.020 

.013

.070

.016 

.018 

.013 

.0034 

.0025 

.042 

.246 

.151 

.104 

.067 

.026 

.012

.059

.014 

.019 

.020

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.27 

.06 

.05 

.02 

.01 

.09 

.22 

.12 

.05 

.03 

.02 

.01

.95

.02 

.02 

.01 

.004 

.003 

.05 

.27 

.17 

.12 

.08 

.03 

.01

.79

.02 

.02 

.004

Accuracy.

C. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C.

C. 

C. 

C. 

D. 

D 

D. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

B. 

A.

B. 

B. 

B.

NOTE. Estimates of "Discharge in second-feet per square mile" and "Run-off (depth in inches)" for 

1912 supersede those published in Water-Supply Paper 325, which were computed from an erroneous 

value of the drainage area. Estimates for October, November, and December, 1911, are republished to 

complete the data for the climatic year.

ST. CROIX RIVER NEAR ST. CROIX FALLS, WIS.

Location. At power plant of Minneapolis General Electric Co., on Wisconsin Bide 

of St. Croix River near St. Croix Falls, Wis., about 50 miles above confluence of 

St. Croix and Mississippi rivers near Hastings, Minn. Apple River, draining an 

area wholly in Wisconsin, enters from left about 20 miles below station; Snake 

River enters from right about 35 miles above station.

Records available. January 10, 1902, to June 30, 1905; January 1, 1910, to September 30, 1913. Data for 1903 published in Water-Supply Paper 98, pages 176- 

177, under St. Croix River, near Taylors Falls, Minn. Daily and monthly discharge for January 10, 1902, to June 30, 1905, and January 1,1910, to October 31, 

1912, and monthly discharge for July, 1905, to December, 1909, with the exception of nine months, published also in report on water resources of Minnesota by 

the State Drainage Commission.

Drainage area. 5,930 square miles.

Discharge. Determinations based on kilowatt output of dynamo and exciters plu8 

the flow over the dam and spillway, which are considered as a weir.

Accuracy. Records not checked by engineers of United States Geological Survey, 

but are believed reliable.

Cooperation. Records furnished by Minneapolis General Electric Co.
110 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Croix River near St. Croix Falls, Wis.,for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

1,830

1,760

1 600

1^780

1,960

1,530

1,340

2,360

2,060

1,740

1,750

1,960

1,690

2,020

2,090

2,100

2,090

2,060

2,000

1,840

1,900

1,720

1,830

1,750

1,840

2,080

1,580

1,700

1,800

1,760 

1,710

Nov.

1,790

1,920

1,510

1,630

1,520

1,780

1,630

1,740

1,750

1,590

1,770

1,600

1,590

1,660

1,560

1,740

1,340

1,640

1,560

1,630

1,630

1,630

1,720

1,460

1,520

876

1,190

1,300

949

1,350

Dec.

1,610

1,540

1 s«tf>

1,940

1,920

1,740

1,360

1,070

1,360

1,190

1,260

1,240

1,230

1,430

1,650

1,440

1,680

1,530

1,410

1,610

1,790

1,440

1,350

1,850

1,220

1,790

1,500

1,690

1,480

1,450 

1,100

Jan.

760

1,270

i ion

1,670

1,250

1,200

1,270

1 4sn

1,190

1,560

1,440

1,190

1,500

1 300

1,230

1,380

1,130

1,820

1,120

1,450

1,260

1,310

1,340

1,310

1,500

1,140

1,280

1,320

1,260

1,300 

1,340

Feb.

1,420

1,170

1,410

1,340

1,190

1,210

1,160

1 4flft

1,200

1,250

1.230

1,140

1,130

1,140

1,320

1,070

1,280

1,180

1,160

1,330

1,310

1,430

1,150

1,350

1,270

1,380

1,280

1,280

.......

Mar.

1,630

1,020

1,400

1,270

1,120

1,220

1 280

935

1,360

1,640

1,690

2,240

2,520

2,590

1,270

971

1 onn

1,800

2,060

1,990

2,570

1,330

1,800

1,830

1,730

2,230

1,850

2,590

1,420 

2,560

Apr.

3,190

3,280

5,060

5,890

6,370

6,580

7,190

8,420

8,610

7,460

7,020

6,160

5,470

5,900

6,290

6,270

6,950

5,400

6,100

6,220

6,120

5,990

5,780

7,000

7,500

7,120

8,640

8,350

6,520

6,140

May.

4,940

4,470

4,080

4,480

5,480

4,580

3,610

4 810

3,790

3,870

3,990

3,470

3,290

3,520

3,080

3,120

4,410

3,100

4,950

6,870

6,550

8,980

8,590

8,560

6,290

6,780

5,480

5,090

4,380

3,600 

3,510

June.

2,500

3,980

6,400

6,260

4,630

3,240

3,200

1,700

3,020

3,370

3,380

3,340

3,070

2,880

1,700

2,730

2,520

2,400

2,500

2,310

2,410

1,570

2,350

2,600

2,070

2,100

1,830

2,010

1,490

3,100

July.

3,030

1,450

2,060

1,260

1,240

1,230

2,820

3,320

3,260

3,350

3,320

3,160

2,290

4,410

4,560

5,450

4,380

6,030

6,200

5,620

5,230

4,280

3,420

3,670

3,950

3,660

1,830

3,080

3,600

3,720 

3,910

Aug.

3,480'

3,160

2,390

3,420

3,380

3,150

3,380

3,070

3,130

1,660

2,420

2,860

2,790

2,450

1,910

2.440

1,540

2,440

2,500

2,530

2,550

2,750

2,660

1,620

2,620

2,670

3,040

3,260

3,340

3,350 

2,010

Sept.

2,410

2,660

3,490

3,260

3,050

2,910

1,790

2,780

2,860

2,730

2,680

2,610

2,560

1,560

2,580

2,830

2,740

2,670

2,200

2,600

1,550

1,910

2,060

2,880

1,730

'2,550

2,530

1,660

2,760

2,740

Monthly discharge of St. Croix River near St. Croix Falls, Wis.,for the year ending Sept.

30, 1913.

[Drainage area, 5,930 square miles.]

Month.

March.........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,360 

1,920 

1,940 

1,820 

1,430 

2,590 

8,640 

8,980 

6,400 

. 6,200 

3,480 

3,490

8,980

Minimum.

1,340 

876 

1,070 

760 

1,070 

935 

3,190 

3,080 

1,490 

1,230 

1,540 

1,550

760

Mean.

1,850 

1,550 

1,490 

1,330 

1,260 

1,720 

6,430 

4,890 

2,890 

3,510 

2,710 

2,510

2,680

Per

square 

mile.

0.312 

.261 

.251

.224 

.212 

.290 

1.08 

.825 

.487 

.592 

.457 

.423

.452

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

a 36

.29 

.29 

.26 

.22 

.33 

1.20 

.95 

.54 

.68 

.53 

.47

6.12

NOTE. Computed by engineers of the United States Geological Survey from records of daily discharge 

furnished by the Minneapolis General Electrical Co.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. Ill

KETTLE RIVER NEAR SANDSTONE, MINN.

Location. At quarries of Barber Asphalt Co. at Banning, 3 miles above Sandstone;

no tributaries within several miles.

Records available. October 18, 1908, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 825 square miles. 

Gage. Staff gage in two sections fastened to vertical rock wall; read once daily to

half-tenths. Limits of use: Half-tentha below and tenths above 3.5 feet. Gage

50 feet above decided rapids. Datum subsequent to April 25, 1912, may differ

not more than about 0.02 foot from that of previous years. 

Channel and control. Bedrock; permanent.

Winter flow. Rapids freeze and cause backwater during extremely cold weather. 

Regulation. Station not affected by nearest dam at Sandstone, 3 miles below. 

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with Kettle River Co. 

No discharge measurements were made during the year ending September 30, 1913.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Kettle River near Sandstone, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30,1913.

[F. L. Betts, observer.)

Day.

1... ...........

2... ...........

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13.............. 

14..............

15..............

16.............. 

17.............. 

18.............. 

19.............. 

20..............

21..............

22..............

23.............. 

24..............

25.............. 

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

1.35

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.35

1.3

1.25 

1.2

1.25

1.5

1.45 

1.4

1.4

1.35 

1.35 

1.35 

1.35 

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.3 

1 a

1.3 

1.25

1.3

1.3

1.3 

1.3 

1.3

Nov.

1.3

1.3

i a

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3 

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3 

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.25 

1.2 

1.2 

1.15

1.1

1.05

1.0 

1.0

.95 

.9

.8

.8

.75 

.7

Dec.

.......

.......

:::::::

.......

.......

.......

Jan.

1.2

1.2

1.25

1.25

1.4

.......

1.3

1.2

.......

"i.'o"

Feb.

1.0

:::::::

1.0

""i.'o"

.......

1.0

.......

Mar.

1.05

:::::::

.......

1.0 

1.0 

.95 

1.0 

1.05

.0

.05

.0 

.0

.05 

1.1

1.25

1.15

1.1 

1.3

1.65

Apr.

2.2

2.7

2.95

2.9

2.8

2.9

3.15

3.2

3.25 

3.15

3.05

2.95

3.1 

3.7

3.7

3.7 

3.6 

3.5 

3.5 

3.4

3

O

3

O

3.4

3 7

4.0 

4.2

4.3

4 9

3.9 

3.5

May.

3.4

3.3

3

0

3

0

3.3

3

0

3.1

a n

2.8 

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.6 

2.6

2.8

3.4 

5.1 

5.0

4.8 

4.6

4 Q

5.2

5.3 

5.0

4.6

4

0

3 Q

3

0

3.6 

3,6

3 4

June.

3.2

3.1

3 1

^ n

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.8 

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.5 

2.4

2.3

2.3 

2.3 

2.2 

2.1 

2.0

g

.9

.8

9 Q 

2.4

9 9

2.3 

2.3

July.

2.3

2.2

9 9

2.2

3.9

4.7

4 Q

4.7

4.7 

4.7

4.7

4.6

4.6 

4.5

4.4

4.3 

4.3 

4.2 

4.2

4.0

4.0

Q Q

3.6

3 A

3.2

3

1

°. ft

3 A

2.9

2.9 

2.8

Aug.

2.7

2.7

9 6

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.1 

2.0

1.9

1.9

1.8 

1.7

1.7

1.8 

2.0 

2.2 

2.2 

2.1

9 1

2.1

2.0 

9 n

2.0

1 Q

'1 1.99

1.8 

1.8 

1.8

Sept.

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4 

1.4

1.5

2.1

2.1 

2.1

2.1

2,0 

2.0 

1.9 

1.9 

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7 

1.7

1.8

1 Q

1.9

1 9

1.9 

1.9

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Dec. 1,1912, to Mar. 15,1913,
112 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kettle River near Sandstone, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..... .........

4..............

5..............

6.............

7..... .........

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18.............

19..............

20.............

21..............

22.............

23..............

24.............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28.............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

124

112

101

90

112

112

124

112

101

90

101

160

148

136

136

124

124

124

124

124

124

124

112

112

112

101

112

112

112

112

Nov.

112

112

112

112

112

112

112

112

112

112

112

112

112

112

112

112

101

90

on

80

70

61

EO

52

44

37

24

18

12

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar.

52

52

44

52

61

52

61

52

52

61

70

101

80

70

112

201

Apr.

420

675

832

800

735

800

972

1,010

1.050

972

900

832

935

1,430

1,430

1,430

1,340

1,260

1,260

1,170

1,090

1,090

1,170

1,430

1,700

1,890

1,990

1,990

1,610

1,260

May.

1,170

1,090

1,010

1,090

1,090

1,010

935

865

735

735

675

675

620

620

735

1,170

3,000

2,860

2,580

2,320

2,720

3,160

3,300

2,860

2,320

1,990

1,610

1,520

1,340

1,340

1,170

June.

1,010

935

935

865

865

800

800

735

735

675

675

620

565

515

465

465

465

420

375

330

288

288

288

250

250

465

515

465

465

465

Jul

4f 4'

454'

1,61

?,,4< ?,,r

?,,4<

?,,4<

2 dt

%*

2,3'

2 9»

fljO!

1,9S

1,9!

1;»

1,8!

1j7(

1,7< 1 5'

1,34 i,r

1,01

95

8»

81

8(

8*

75

r.

5

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

10

0

10

10

10

10

10

10

K)

0

0

0

R

15

15

N>

10

5

Aug.

675

675

620

565

515

465

420

420

375

330

288

288

250

216

216

250

330

420

420

375

375

375

330 330'

330'

288

288

288

250

250

250

Sept.

216

216

186

186

186

160

160

136

136

136

160

375

375

375

375

330

330

288

288

250

250

216

216

216

250

288

288

288

288

288

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a well-defined rating curve. Discharge estimated, because of 

ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, climatic records, and discharge of Bum and Snake Rivers, as follows: 

Dec. 1-31,80 second-feet; Jan. 1-31,60 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,40 second-feet; and Mar. 1-15,50 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of Kettle River near Sandstone, Minn., for the year ending Sept. SO,

1913.

[Drainage area, 825 square miles.]

Month.

January...:...

March........

April...................................

May.....................................

July.....................................

September ..............................

Discharge m second-feet.

Maximum.

160 

112

201 

1,990 

3,300 

1,010 

2,720 

675 

375

3,300

Minimum.

90 

12

420 

620 

250 

420 

216 

136

Mean.

117 

84.9 

80 

60 

40 

62.0 

1,180 

1,560 

566 

1,560 

370 

' 248

498

Per 

square 

mile.

0.142 

.103

.097 

.073 

.048 

.075 

1.43 

1.89 

.686 

1.89 

.448 

.301

.604

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.16 

.11 

.11

.08 

.05 

.09 

1.60 

2.18 

.77 

2.18 

.52 

.34

8.19

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

SNAKE EIVEE AT MOEA, MINN.

Location. In sec. 14, T. 39 N., R. 24 W., at the highway bridge three-fourths of a

mile south of Mora, above mouth of Ann River. 

Records available. June 11, 1909, to June 30, 1913, when station was discontinued

in favor of a better location at Pine City.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 113

Drainage area. 422 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff; read morning and evening to tenths; occasional readings taken 

to quarter-tenths. Limits of use: Hufldredths below 6.5, half-tenths from 6.5 to 

8.0, and tenths above 8.0 feet.

Channel and control. Shifting.

Winter flow. Determined by measurements made through the ice.

Regulation. Flow at station not regulated except for possible slight effect from 

logging dams at Knife Lake outlet and White Pine. Below Pine City flow regulated to some extent by operation of power plant at that place.

Accuracy. Records considered only fair owing to shifting channel.

Discharge measurements of Snake River at Mora, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Oct. 24

24

Tlon ^1

Tan 9Q

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.94

5.94

6.41

6.66

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

o33

o36

631

624.5

Date.

Jan. 29

Feb. 26

Apr. 18

May 22

Made by 

S. B. Soute.... .........

.....do..................

.....do..................

W.G.Hoyt.... ........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6.66

6.66

7.08

11.19

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

624.7

621.8

203

1,680

a Measurement made by wading. 6 Complete ice cover at control.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Snake River at Mora, Minn., for the period Oct. 1, 1912,

to June 30, 1913.

[Alice Lasher, observer.]

Day.

1.. .........................

2...........................

5...........................

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9........................... 10...........................

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

18.. ......................... '

19...........................

20...........................

21...........................

22...........................

23...........................

24 ..........................

25...........................

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Oct.

6.05

6.00

6.00

6.00-

5.95

K On

5.91

5.90

5.91

5.92

5.90

6.10

6.05

6.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

5.98

5.95

6.00

6.00

5.95

5.95

5.95

5.95

5.95

5.94

5.91

5.91

Nov.

5.92

5.95

5.92

5.92

5.95

5

<M

5.92

5.92

5.92

5.92

, 5.92

5.92

5.92

5.90

5.92

5.95

5.88

5.90

5.90

5.90

5.91

5.90

5.90

6.08

6.00

6.00

Dec.

5.95

5.95

6.1

6.5

6.48

6.41

Jan.

6.4

6.8

6.6

6.7

6.7

Feb.

6.5

6.75

7.0

6.7

6.65

Mar.

6.8

7.3

6 95

* R CW

Apr.

9.2

9.0

8 9

8.8

8.4

8.1

7.65

7.45

7.25

7.05

6.85

6.85

6.95

7.05

7.1

7.05

7.05

7 fil

7.05

7.1

7 (\t\

7.1

7 9

7.5

8.2

0 0

8.6

8.6

8.2

8.0

May.

7.8

7 71

7.65

7.65

7 65

7.55

7 4S

7 or?

7.35

7 9^

7 ftl

7.0

6.95

7 of;

7

$K

9.1

10.2

10.7

10.2

9 9

U n

11.1

11.0

W o

10.0

9 6

9 1

8.6

8

0

7

QK

7 Q

June.

7.55

7.4

7 9

7.0

6.9

6.65

6.6

6.5

6

AR

6.37

6.27

6 21

6.16

6.11

6.06

6.06

6.06

6.06

6.06

1 OR

5 Qfi

<^ Qfi

C Qfl

5.98

5.96

5.96

5.96

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Nov. 24,1912, to Apr. 13,1913. 

91388° WSP 355 15 8
114 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Snake River at Mora, Minn., for the period Oct. 1,1912,

to June SO, 1913.

Day.

1. ..........................

2...........................

3...........................

4...........................

5...........................

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9...........................

10...........................

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

19...........................

20...........................

21...........................

22...........................

23...........................

24...........................

25...........................

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Oct.

43

4A

4A

4fl

36

00

^U

33 "~ Qd

34

33

4740

40

4ft

An

40

40

40

38

Qfi

40

4n

36

36

36

36

36

35

34

OA

Nov.

OA

36^u

QA

36

35

QA

^U

QA

04

34^u

OA

qo

^U

36

09

33

QO

OQ

34

00

33

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

200

200

200

200

200

200

210

232

308

510

710

640

510

450

May.

392

378

350

350

350

322

295

269

269

244

200

181

200

269

820

1,260

1,460

1,260

1,140

1 260

1^640

1,590

1,500

1,180

1,020

820

640

510

435

420

June.

322

282

232

190

172

146

130

122

108

103

91

7Q

72

67

67

61

56

56

56

56

56

56

48

46

46

46

48

46

46

46

No*E. Dafly discharge computed from a fairly well-defined rating curve. Discharge estimated, because 

of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, discharge measurements, and climatic records, as follows: Nov. 

24-30, 33 second-feet; Dec. 1-31, 32 second-feet; Jan. 1-31, 28 second-feet; Feb. 1-28, 23 second-feet; Mar. 

1-31,35 second-feet; and Apr. 1-13,120 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of Snake River at Mora, Minn., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1913. 

[Drainage area, 422 square miles.]

Month.

December. ..............................

March..................................

April...................................

May....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

47

710 

1,640 

322

Minimum.

33

isi

46

Mean.

37.6 

33.7 

32 

28 

23 

35 

246 

684 

98.4

Per

square 

mile.

0.089

.080 

.076 

.066 

.055 

.083 

.583 

1.62 

.223

Bun-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.10 

.09 

.09

.08 

.06 

.10 

.65 

1.87 

.26

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

C.

SNAKE RIVER NEAR PINE CITY, MINN.

Location. At the Changwatana power station of the Eastern Minnesota Power Co.,

about 2 miles below Pine City.

Records available. June 26 to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 915 square miles. 

Gage. Staff gage attached to stone retaining wall in front of power plant; read about

eight times daily to hundredths.
TJPPEB MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 115

Channel and control. Bed of stream rock and coarse cobblestones; control practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. At low and medium stages made by wading at the 

gage; at high stages from a bridge about 1,800 feet above the gage.

Determination of flow. Estimates made by adding to the flow through the turbines 

the flow over the crest of the dam as determined from readings of the staff gage. 

(See "Gage.") Flow through turbines determined from gate openings and head, 

which are read hourly.

Regulation. Power plant at station operated with a varying light and power load 

which at low stages produces a decided fluctuation in discharge.

Accuracy. Conditions favorable for estimating the waste by means of the river gage; 

estimates of flow through the wheels probably not so good, but, in view of the fact 

that they are based upon 24 readings of gate openings daily, it is believed that the 

records should be fair to good with the accuracy increasing with the stage.

Cooperation. The station is maintained in cooperation with the Eastern Minnesota 

Power Co.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Snake River near Pine City, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1... ............

2. ..............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

B...... .........

g

10.. .............

11............... -in

1^1

14...............

15...............

June. July.

100

97

90

53

115

89

186

215

223

227

274

309

292

256

265

Aug.

322

295

268

272

265

164

119

228

218

127

213

200

186

188

129

Sept.

517

479

418

380

333

332

314

331

285

272

267

251

228

180

258

Day.

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

June.

113

109

102

46

102

July.

412

449

4Sfi

461

447

488

434

388

335

322

332

279

281

332

322

330

Aug.

108

 jgg

219

211

266

342

414

474

654

728

750

766

713

634

524

Sept.

175

252

238

01 Q

275

204

241

190

235

234

223

168

190

230

Monthly discharge of Snake River near Pine City, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Month.

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

113

488 

766 

517

Minimum.

46 

53

108 

168

Mean.

94.4 

287 

335 

272

Per

square 

mile.

0.103

.314 

.366 

.2&7

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.02 

.36 

.42 

.33

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

 CANNON RIVER AT WELCH, MINN.

Location. At highway bridge at Welch, just below a very small tributary and 3

miles above mouth of Belle Creek.

Records available. June 7, 1909, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 1,290 square miles. 

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge; read morning and evening to quarter-tenths.

Limits of use: Hundredths below 5.5, half-tenths from 5.5 to 7.0, and tenths

above 7.0 feet.
116 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Channel and control. Practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge; measurements corrected for

angle of current.

Winter flow. Determined by measurements made through the ice. 

Regulation. Flow regulated to a greater or less extent by each of the 11 developed

power plants above station; also by dam at outlet of Cannon Lake. 

Maximum flow. In April, 1888, the high water reached the eaves of the wheelhouse

at the mill, 20.1 feet above datum of present gage. It is said that this high water

was not caused by ice gorging. 

Accuracy. Records only fair owing to daily fluctuation caused by operation of power

plants.

Discharge measurements of Cannon River at Welch, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Oct. 23

Feb. 3

Mar. 7

Made by 

W.O.Hoyt..... .......

S. B. Soul6.............

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet.

ti fifi

5.34

6.41

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

917

0245

Date. Made by 

W.G.Hoyt... .........

S. B. Soule".... .........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6.09

5.56

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

363

199

o Complete ice cover.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Cannon River at Welch, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

[Esther Norell, observer.]

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8.............. 

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13.............. 

14..............

15.............. 

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21.............. 

22..............

23..............

24.............. 

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30

31..............

Oct.

5.40

5.44

5.44

5.52

5.85

5.01

5.09

5.5 

5.38

5.35

5.5

5.7

5.48 

5.40

5.7 

5.5

5.40

5.39

5.41

5.28

5.5 

5.55

5.55

5.38

ti 41

5 41

5.30

5.5 

5.44

5

AQ

5.5

Nov.

5.48

5.65

5.49

5.31

5.5

K K

5.5

5.48 <\ >;<;

5.38

5.6

5.6

5.65

5

K

5.65 

5.6

5.30

5.28

5.6

5.6

5.65

K Af)

5.38

5.48

5

K

K ft

5.65

5.7 

5.35

5.6

Dec.

5.40

5.5

5.6

5.7

5.6

5

K

^ 7

5.25 

5.40

5.65

5.8

K 7K

5.5 

5.65

5.30

K 7

5.65

5

KK

5.6

5.6

5.5

K K

^ d^

5.5

K Oft

K Oft

K ec

5.5

K OC

5 on

5 40

Jan.

5

QK

5

K

.......

5 (\

.......

5

RK

.......

Feb.

5.34

5.65

.......

6.3

.......

fi K

.......

6.55

Mar.

6.35

6.4

5.95

.......

5.8

6.1

5.75

6.1

6 9

6.4

9.9

8.8

7 9

7 9

7.3 

7.4

7 f\

7.4

Apr.

7.2

6.75

6.&5

6.35

6.6

6.7

6.5

6.25 

6.15

6.1

6.3

6.45

6.6 

6.65

6.55 

6.3

6.25

6.1

6.1

6.0

6.15 

6.0

ti Q

5.85 

5.86

5.8

5.65

5.75 

5.9

5

QK

May.

5.9

5.85

6.0

6.0

6.1

5.85

5.7

5.75 

5.8

5.75

5.48

5.85

5.8

5 7

5.75 

5.8

6.15

6.3

6.6

6.85

fi O^

6.8

6.75 

6.5

6.5

6.45

6.4 

6.3

6.2

6.1

June.

5.6

5.7

5.8

5.75

5.8

5.65

5.7

5.32 

5.41

5.5

5.65

5.55

5.6

5.65 

5.26

5.65

5.5

5.65

5.20

5.6 

4.81

5.05

5.5 

5.45

5.7

5.7

5.35 

5.35

5.55

July.

5.55

5.65

5.65

5.55

5.65

6.2

5.7

5.85 

5.95

5.65

5.6

5.75

5.9

K AK

5.7 

5.6

5.55

5.55

5.6

5.40

5.5 

5.55

5.6

5.55 

5.6

5.55

5.37

5.5 

5.7

5.85

5.8

Aug.

5.6

5.6

5.35

5.55

5.6

5 7

5.65

5.6 

5.6

5.42

5.65

5.75

5.75

5

7K

5.7 

5.55

5.35

5.7

5.9

5.7

5.8 

5.85

5.8

5.49 

5.8

5.75

5.7

5.7 

5.7

5.7

5.7

Sept.

5.65

K K

5.95

5.7

5.65

5

RK

5.6

5.7 

5.8

5.7

5.8

ti 7

5.7

5

KK

5.65 

5.65

5.75

5.75

5.75

5.8

5.47

ti 7

5.8

5.7 

5.8

5.7

5.65

5.48 

5.55

4 OQ

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Dec. 1,1912, to Mar. 17,1913.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 117

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cannon River at Welch, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

147

156

156

175

271

78

90

170

143

136

170

223

165

147

223

170

147

145

149

122

170

182

182

143

149

149

126

170

156

165

170

Nov.

165

209

168

128

170

170

170

165

143

195

195

209

170

209

195

122

195

195

209

152

143

165

170

195

209

223

136

195

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar.

264

359

250

359

397

478

2,710

1,850

1,240

851

903

956

1,010

956

Apr.

851

631

458

458

563

608

520

417

Q75?

^Q

437

499

563

586

542

437

417

359

359

324

378

324

294

279

279

264

222

250

294

309

May.

294

279

324

324

359

279

236

264

250

177

279

264

236

250

264

378

378

437

563

678

726

654

631

520

520

499

478

437

397

359

June.

208

236

264

250

264

222

236

182

222

195

208

208

222

123

222

182

222

110

208

47

82

182

169

236

236

144

144

195

July.

195

222

222

195

222

397

236

97Q

309

222

208

250

294

169

236

208

195

195

208

156

182

195

208

195

208

195

.149

182

236

279

264

Aug.

208

208

144

195

208

236

222

208

208

161

222

250

250

250

236

195

144

236

294

236

264

279

264

179

264

250

236

236

236

236

236

Sept.

222

182

309

236

222

222

208

236

264

236

264

236

236

195

222

222

250

250

250

264

174

' 236

264

236

264

236

222

177

195

72

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from two fairly well defined rating curves. Rating curve used prior 

to Mar. 18,1913, revised on basis of discharge measurements made subsequent to that date. Discharge 

estimated, because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, discharge measurements, and climatic 

records, as follows: Dec. 1-31,170second-feet; Jan. 1-31,100 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,110 second-feet; and 

Mar. 1-17,247 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of Cannon River at Welch, Minn., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1913. 

[Drainage area, 1,290 square miles.]

Month.

October. .......................................................

April..........................................................

July...........................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

271 

223

2,710

851 

726 

264 

397 

294 

309

2,710

Minimum.

78 

122

222

177 

47 

149

144 

72

47

Mean.

160 

176 

170 

100 

110 

541 

422 

387 

190 

223 

226 

227

245

Accuracy.

B. 

B.

C. 

D. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.
118 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

CHIPPEWA RIVER AT CHIPPEWA FALLS, WIS.

Location. At highway bridge at Chippewa Falls, Wis., 2,500 feet below mouth of 

Duncan Creek entering from the right.

Records available. June 22, 1888, to September 30, 1913. The gage was originally 

established by the Chippewa Lumber & Boom Co., which has kept a continuous 

record since 1899. Since 1904 the United States Weather Bureau has obtained 

gage heights during the flood season of each year. On June 1, 1906, the United 

States Geological Survey began making discharge measurements and obtained 

gage heights when no record was obtained by the Weather Bureau. Gage heights 

as published have been obtained from the following sources: Fargo Engineering 

Co., from certified blue-print copies of records kept by the Chippewa Lumber & 

Boom Co., June 22, 1888, to November 21, 1899; United States Weather Bureau, 

March to September, 1905, 1907, 1908; April to July, 1909; Chippewa Lumber & 

Boom Co., October 1 to December 31,' 1911; United States Geological Survey. 

Gage read from January to June, 1912, by Chippewa Lumber & Boom Co.; March 

to July, 1912, by United States Weather Bureau; December, 1912, by Chippewa 

Valley Railway, Light & Power Co. For the period March to June, covered by 

two records, the mean has been used.

Drainage area. 5,600 square miles (revised since last report).

Gage. Staff gage painted on one of the cylindrical piers at right end of bridge; 

graduated to feet and inches but published to feet and tenths; read morning and 

evening to hundredths. Limits of use: Half-tenths below 2.0 feet. On August 19, 

1913, gage was found in error by the following amounts, the gage reading too high:

Point on gage.

Ft. in.

27 3.1

26 4.2

16 10.2

12 0

7 1

2 2

Error.

Foot.

+0.03

+ .03

+ .12

+ .15

+ .12

+ .12

No corrections have been applied to gage heights published in the following 

table, as error has probably existed ever since gage was painted on the pier; date 

unknown. It should be noted that any error in the gage enters also into the gage 

heights of discharge measurements.

Channel and control. Probably permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from downstream side of bridge.

Floods. The river reached a stage of 26.03 feet December 6, 1896; 26.94 feet September 10, 1884, according to high-water marks on the door of the office of the 

Chippewa Lumber & Boom Co.; 13.5 feet September 16 and 17, 1903, according 

to the United States Weather Bureau.

Winter flow. Ice forms at gage section but river is more or less open below. Notes 

regarding ice at gage section do not correctly indicate the extent of backwater.

Regulation. Operation of power plant about half a mile above dam may affect flow 

somewhat, but greatest fluctuation is caused by operation of larger power plants 

above, notably the Brunet Falls Manufacturing Co., at Cornell, Wis. Operation 

of small reservoirs in the headwater also may affect flow somewhat.

Accuracy. Affected somewhat by operation of power plants and during the winter 

by ice. Channel appears to be permanent, and a well-defined rating curve has 

been developed for all stages above 1.0 foot.

Cooperation. Gage heights during 1913 furnished through courtesy of Chippewa

Valley Railway, Light & Power Co. 

The following discharge measurement was made by B. J. Peterson August 20, 1913:

Gage height, 3.27 feet; discharge, 8,060 second-feet.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 119

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years ending

Sept. SO, 1888-1899.

Day.

1888. 

1. ..................

2...................

3...................

4...................

5...................

6................... 

7...................

8...................

9...................

10...................

11...................

12...................

13...................

14...................

H>. ..................

Day.

1888-89. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24.............. 25...:..........

26..............

27..............

28..............

OQ

30.............. 31

June.

.......

Oct.

1.9

1.5

1.4

.8

1.3

1.0

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.0

1.8

1.5

1.3

1.0

2.2

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.5

1 S

1.8

1.5

July.

3.3

o5.0

2.8 

2.6 

2.1

2.5 

2.7

3.0 

3.4

3.1

o6.7 

2.8

1.7

1.4

Nov.

«7.0

1.8

1.8

1.8

Aug.

2.6 

1.8

2.2 

3.0

5.2 

5.3

5.1 

5.0

5.7 

5.3

4.7

4.3

4.1

Dec.

Sept.

1.6

1.5 

1.5 

1.5

1.5 

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5 

1.5

1.5

1.5 

1.5

Jan. Feb.

Day.

1888. 

16...................

17...................

18...................

19...................

20...................

21................... 

22...................

23...................

25...................

26................... 07

28...................

29...................

30...................

31...................

Mar.

2.8 

2.7

Apr.

2.2 

2.1 

1.9 

1.5 

1.7

1.8

1.9 

05.8 

2.3

1.5

1.7 

2.0

2.5

2.7 

2.4 

2.5 

2.5 

06.6

3.0 

1.5 

2.2 

3.5 

3.7

4.0 

4.4

4.1 

3.0

May.

3.0 

3.1 

3.3 

3.1

3.3 

3.6 

<»7.4 

4.1 

2.5

5.Q

4.6

<»7.8 

4.7

1.8 

4.5 

5.9

5.9

o7.7 

&0 

4.0 

2.4 

4.6

4.5 

4.2 

3.5 

3.5

o5.1

June.

""7.*8"

7.0

5.8 

5.2

4.6 

4.1 

4.0 

3.7

June.

4.3 

1.0 

2.0 

3.3 

3.9

4.2 

o7.0

as

1.5

3.9

2.8 ai 

ao

3.2

a9 

as 3.5

3.8

o&O 

4.3 

2.5 

4.0 

4.4

4.6 

4.6 

o7.0 

5.0

July.

1.7

1.9

o8.2

2.5

1.7

1.7 

1.9

1.8

1.7 

1.7 

1.7 

2.0

«4.9

July.

2.9

ae

3.5

o«.2 

3.9

2.8 

.9 

1.0

1.0 

1.8 

2.1

05.2

2.5 

.6 

.6

.8 

.8

1.0 

1.0 

1.1 

1.0

1.1 

1.0 

.6 

o3.4 

.6 

.8

Aug.

3.7

3.4 

3.4

o5.9

2.7 

2.3 

2.1

2.0 

2.0

1.8 

1.8 

1.8 

1.7

1.7

Aug.

0.8 

.9

.8

.8

.9

.8 

.8 

.7 

.8

1.0 

1.0

.9

.8 

.8 

.7 

03.9 

1.6

1.6 

1.0 

1.0 

.9

05.0 

1.5 

.3 

.6

.8 

.8

Sept.

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5

1.5 

1.5

2.3 

1.8

1.5 

1.5 

1.3

Sept.

as

.9 

.9 

.9 

a&2

.6 

.5 

.5 

.7 

.8

.8 

.8 

.8 

.8

o5.2 

1.0 

1.0 

.8 

.9

.9

.9 

1.0 

.9

.8 

LO 

LO

1.0

a Flood for log driving.
120 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Daily gage height, infect, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis., for 

Sept. SO, 1888-1899 Continued.

Day.

1889-90. 

1..... .........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

1890-91. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1.C

1.0

.8

.9

.8

.7

.6

.6

.6

.5

.5

.6

.5

.6

.6

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.4

.3

.3

.0

.0

.0

1.4

1.4

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.1

1.0

1.0

.8

1.4

3.0

4.6

4.8

a 7.1

4.6

3.6

3.1

2.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

2.1

1.1

1.1

1.3

1.1

Nov.

 0.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0

2.3

1.7

.8

.7

Dec. Jan. Feb.

-

Mar. Apr.

3.2

2.5

Q n

4.8

6.3

6.7

7.3

8.4

9.0

8.9

8.4

7.2

6.5

6.5

6.3

5.6

5.5

5.5

5.3

5.3

5.0

5.3

5.1

4 4

4.4

3.6

3.3

4 4

5.5

6.1

7.3

7.4

8.5

7.8

7.6

8 9

9 0

8.5

7.1

6.8

5.7

5.5

May.

3.2 <? <?

3.0

2.4

4.4

.8

1.4

1.5

1.5

.5

.8

1.8

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.0

2.1

3.4

4.0

4.6

a 7. 5

5.7

6.2

5.0

5.0

4.4

a 6. 9

5.6

4 6

4.0

3.5

9 3

1.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.4

1.9

2.1

1.5

2.5

2.3

2.3

a 5. 6

1.7

1.0

1.3

1.9

1.8

1.8

a 5.5

4.9

June.

4.8

4.9

4.9

5.3

6.7

7.0

6.8

6.8

6.0

6.4

6.0

5.8

5.0

4.1

4.0

3.4

3.0

2.8

2.5

2.1

2.1

1.5

.9

.9

.7

.5

1.0

1.1

1.6

2.0

1.4

1.9

1.9

1.9

2.0

2.3

2.5

2.0

2.1

1.8

1.9

1.6

a 5. 5

.8

1.0

g

1.9

1.9

1.5

1.3

July.

.7

1.5

2.4

2.1

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.0

»4.3

1.0

1.0

2.2

3.6

3 9

a 5.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.5

1.6

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.0

1.1

1.1

g

.9

.9

.9

"4.8

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.3

g

g

.9

.3

.0

.3

.0

Aug.

1.0

1.0

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

1.0

5.5

5.5

5.2

4.8

2.7

2.3

2.9

2.1

2.0

2.1

3.4

3.3

3.0

2.1

2.4

2.4

2.4

»3.6

2.9

.0

.5

.9

.9

.8

.7

.9

.4

.3

.3

.0

.0

.0

a 1.8

1.0

.3

.3

.0

.3

.3

.0

Sept.

1.4

1.4

.9

2.2

4.2

4.6

4.7

4.6

4.2

4.3

2.5

1.4

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.9

2.0

3.0

4.0

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.3

"5.5

1.8

1.1

.0

.3

- .3

- .3

«2.3

.4

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

_ -1

- .1

- .1

.0

.0

.0

- .1

- .1

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

<>

- .2

Flood for log driving.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 121

Daily gvge height, in feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years ending 

Sept. 30, 1888-1899 Continued.

Day.

1891-92. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7... ...........

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

1892-93. 

1... ...........

2. ...... .......

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

...............

9.. ............

10..............

11..............

12............

13.............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18. ............

19..............

20.............

21.............

22..............

23..............

24.............

25. .............

26. ............

27. .............

28..............

29.............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

-0.2

- .1

.1

.2

.3

1.1

1.3

.5

.2

.5

.6

.8

1.0

.9

.8

.7

«5.3

.6

.6

1.2

.8

.2

.2

.3

.4

.4

.4

.2

.2

.2

.2

.1

.1

.1

.1

.0

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.2

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.4

.5

.4

.3

.3

.3

.3

Nov.

0.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.3

.3

.2

.2

-3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.2

.2

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

1.0

2.0

5.3

6.0

7.0

6.7

7.2

6.5

5.5

4.3

2.0

2.5

2.1

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.6

1.2

1.6

2.0

«5.9

.5

.8

1.0

1.1

2.1

2.2

o5.9

2.8

3.1

3.7

4.3

4.4

4.6

4.7

5.6

5.8

6.5

7.6

8.2

7.2

5.8

5.0

5.2

5.2

5.0

5.1

4.3

3.8

4.2

5.3

7.4

9.1

8.8

8.7

May.

.2

2.2

3.0

4.0

4.2

4.5

4.7

5.1

4.1

5.1

4.6

4.8

5.1

5.2

5.2

6.2

6.5

6.8

6.5

9.8

11.2

10.9

9.8

7.8

7.2

6.6

6.2

5.7

5.5

5.7

7.2

7.5

8.0

8.0

7.3

6.2

5.3

6.2

5.7

6.2

8.3

11.7

11.8

10.7

9.8

9.2

7.8

7.3

6.2

6.1

4.3

4.8

4.7

5.8

7.0

8.2

7.8

6.3

7.2

5.8

o7.5

June.

5.0

4.6

4.0

4.1

3.5

3.3

4.2

5.5

5.5

5.0

4.8

4.2

4.0

3.8

3.2

3.4

4.8

5.8

5.7

5.8

5.7

5.2

5.0

4.8

4.0

3.3

6.9

9.4

9.2

8.2

4.3

3.7

2.9

3.0

2.9

3.8

3.6

o6.1

1.8

1.8

1.6

1.6

2.5

1.8

1.8

o5.6

.0

.5

1.5

1.5

1.6

2.5

2.0

o5.7

.0

1.5

2.1

2.6

2.6

2.5

July.

6.8

5.2

6.2

6.0

5.8

4.8

4.1

3.2

3.8

1.0

2.2

.7

1.5

1.6

2.0

o6.7

.2

.5

1.8

2.0

1.8

.8

o6.0

.5

.5

.6

.8

3.4

4.4

4.0

3.2

o5.9

.1

.2

.2

1.2

1.8

2.1

2.1

2.8

2.2

o5.4

.3

.8

2.7

2.7

2.4

2.3

2.4

1.8

1.8

1.8

o3.8

.5

.5

.2

.2

.4

.6

.5

.5

.5

Aug.

2.8

2.3

2.2

2.0

.8

o5.6

.0

.6

.9

.9

.9

1.3

1.3

.5

.7

.8

.8

.5

.5

o2.8

.0

.0

-0

.0

.0

o2.2

.3

.2

.2

.2

.2

.5

.5

1.1

.8

.5

.7

1.5

.8

.8

.4

.5

.4

.3

.3

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.3

.3

.4

.4

.5

.5

.5

.5

Sept.

0.3

.2

.2

1.3

.3

.4

.3

.4

.5

.6

.9

1.0

1.2

.8

1.2

1.0

1.0

.8

1.0

.8

.7

.5

.5

.5

.2

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.4

.3

.3

.3

.2

.4

.4

.4

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.3

.3

.2

.2

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

a Flood for log driving.
122 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis., for the years 

ending Sept. SO, 1888-1899 Continued.

Day.

1893-94. 

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..... .........

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14.. ............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

2L.. ............

22. .............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29. .............

30..............

31..............

1894-95. 

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

0.0

.0

.0

.0

.2

.2

.6

.6

2.0

1.8

1.7

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.0

.8

.2

.1

.2

.1

»7.0

.0

.0

.0

.2

.2

.1

»6.5

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.1

.2

.0

.0

.0

.1

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.0

.0

.1

.1

.0

.0

.1

.2

.2

.6

.9

.7

.9

1.5

.8

1.1

Nov.

0.1

.2

.2

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.0

.0

.0

.0

- .1

.0

1.2

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.3

.8

.8

.6

.6

.5

.3

.3

.3

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar.

2.3

2.7

2.8

3.3

3.8

3.3

2.9

2.8

3.0

3.1

2.8

3.3

5.1

5.7

6.8

7.7

7.3

7.2

3.5

3.2

3.8

3.5

3.1

3.2

Apr.

2.7

2.2

3.2

3.2

3.8

3.7

4.0

3.8

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.9

4.7

4.9

6.1

6.8

7.8

8.9

10.2

10.4

10.2

9.0

7.6

7.2

6.5

5.8

4.9

4.7

5.2

.8

.5

.5

.5

.5

.4

1.0

1.6

1.1

1.2

1.6

1.8

1.3

.5

1.0

.8

1.2

.8

.4

.4

.4

1.0

.5

.5

.7

»4.3

.2

1.4

May.

4.5

5.5

5.8

7.0

7.7

8.2

8.3

8.2

7.0

6.2

5.8

5.5

5.8

6.8

7.3

14.0

11.7

10.8

10.2

8.3

7.3

6.3

5.2

4.8

4.7

4.2

4.0

3.7

3.6

3.3

3.1

2.0

1.9

2.0

3.5

4.2

4.0

3.8

3.7

3.8

3.5

3.2

6.4

5.8

5.6

4.8

4.4

3.6

3.2

2.6

»6.2

1.6

2.1

2.0

1.8

»6.2

.2

.8

1.2

1.5

1.1

1.6

June.

2.9

»4.8

1.2

1.3

2.5

3.7

1.2

2.0

»4.3

1.6

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

06.6

.0

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

2.0

1.8

1.5

1.5

»6.0

.0

3.1

3.6

4.0

3.2

2.5

»5.1

.7

2.5

3.4

6.2

6.8

5.2

6.2

4.3

3.2

4.2

2.2

1.6

o5.1

2.2

2.4

3.2

2.5

2.0

»5.8

1.2

July.

1.2

1.2

1.1

.8

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.6

.5

.5

.4

.3

.3

.3

.3

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.1

.0

..0

1.2

1.3

2.1

2.1

.7

aS.l

1.1

1.5

1.2

.8

1.8

2.4

o5.3

2.5

2.4

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.8

2.1

2.1

»3.8

.2

1.1

1.5

1.3

Aug.

0.0

.3

.3

.3

.8

.4

.4

.6

.5

.5

.5

.2

.5

.4

.4

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.2

.3

.2

.2

.0

.3

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

1.2

.2

»5.5

.0

.0

.2

.3

.3

.3

1.0

1.8

1.5

1.4

1.4

»5.5

.8

.2

.5

.2

.3

ol.S

.3

.3

.4

.5

.4

.4

.2

_ ^

 5

Sept.

0.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.0

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.4

.4

.3

.3

.3

.3

.0

- .5

- .5

.2

»3.0

2.8

2.5

2.5

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.3

.8

.8

1.0

1.7

4.7

5.9

5.7

4.8

3.8

2.3

2.3

2.3

a Flood for log driving.
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 123

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis. ,for the yews ending 

Sept. 30, 1888-1889 Continued.

Day.

1895-96. 

1.... ..........

2..............

3..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21.............. 

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30.............. 

31..............

1896-97. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5.............. 

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

1.2

.8

1.1

1.2

.9

.8

.8

.8

.7

.2

04.8

.5

.3

.3.

.4

.3

.2

.3

.3

.2 

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.1

.0 

- .2

0.8

.8

.8

.8 

.8

1.0

1.0

1.0

.8

.5

.5

.8

.5

.8

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

2.0 

2.5

Nov.

0.0

- .3

__. 3

.1

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.0

.0

_ 2

.......

.......

4.0

4.1

3.8

3.5 

3.5

3.8

3.0

2.5

2.0

13.7

13.7

10.5

16.0

Dec.

.......

.......

21.2

22.4

23.8

24.5

23.0 

20.0

19.6

17.5

.......

Jan.

.......

.......

.......

Feb.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Mar.

.......

.......

.......

8.5

8.3

8.5

8.7

9.3

8.8

9.0

8.5

8.8

9.7

11.1 

13.8

Apr.

4.6

7.8

9.5

10.7

11.0

11.2

12.0

11.9

11.2 

9.6

8.5

7.5

7.3

7.2

7.0

7.5

7.0

7.0

13.8

17.0

15.2

10.5

10.6 

10.5

9.3

8.5

7.8

7.2

6.5

6.2

5.8

5.8

6.0

6.5

6.5

6.0

6.0

5.6

5.2

5.0

5.2

5.3

5.0

4.6

4.7

4.3

4.8

5.7

May.

6.8

6.5

7.5

8.0

7.2

6.5

5.8

5.8

3.8

4.1

5.1

3.8

3.8

4.8

5.9

7.8

6.5

7.2

7.6

7.2

7.2

4.8

5.2

4.8

4.1

4.5

4.2

4.0

3.9

5.8 

3.0

5.8

5.3

4.8

4.2

3.8 

3.8

3.0

3.2

2.8

3.2

o3.5

2.8

3.2

3.2

o5.4

2.8

2.0

2.5

2.5

4.2

6.0

o7.6

5.0

5.2

5.2

5.2

4.8

4.2

o6.0

1.5 

2.0

June.

3.6

4.2

4.0

3.0

3.0

2.9

05.6

3.8

5.3

6.0

5.1

4.3

o5.0

04.8

3.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

o6.0

3.5 

3.2

2.8

3.2

4.0

4.2

o5.5

2.2

2.0

2.2

2.5

2.8

5.2

7.0

08.8 

6.0

5.5

5.8

5.0

5.2

5.5

5.4

4.5

4.3

4.0

05.8

4.3

7.2

7.5

6.3

6.0

4.5

4.5

4.4

4.1

3.8

2.8

2.8

3.5

4.2

July.

2.0

o5.2

.8

2.0

2.0

2.8

2.8

2.2

o4.8

1.8

2.0

1.5

1.5

1.2

1.8

2.3

2.3

4.5

1.5

1.6

1.2 

1.2

1.6

1.5

2.2

1.5

1.7

1.3

1.3

1.5 

1.3

4.5

4.0

3.2

4.0

3.2 

3.0

3.0

2.5

1.2

o3.1

1.0

2.0

2.0

1.2

1.5

1.2

1.2

.8

1.5

1.2

1.5

1.2

1.8

1.8

1.8

2.2

5.8

7.2

6.5

6.5 

5.2

Aug.

1.5

i.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.3

1.3

o3.9

2.0

1.8

2.5

2.6

1.9

.5

.5

.5

.5

"i'.'z"

.8

.8

.9

.9

1.0 "i.'o"

5.0

4.5

4.0

4.0

3.8 

3.0

3.0

2.8

2.8

2.5

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

3.0

1.5

1.7

1.5

1.5

1.5

o5.2

1.2

1.5

1.3

1.5

1.2

1.2

1.2

.5

.5 

1.0

Sept.

0.8 '.8

.8

.8

.8

.1

2.4

1.4

1.2

1.0

1.8

1.2

1.5

.8

.0

.5

.8

1.4 

1.2

1.0

1.1

1.1

o2.0

1.0

.8

.8

1.0

1.0

1.8

1.8

1.8 

1.8

1.8

1.8

o6.0

1.5

1.5

.3

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.0

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.3

1.2

1.2

.5

.5

1.9

1.0

1.0

o Flood for log driving.
124 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis,,for the year ending 

Sept. SO, 1888-1899 Continued.

Day.

1897-98. 

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8. ..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

91

22.............. 

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

1898-99. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7. ....... ......

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24.............. 

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.2

1.0

1.7

1.5

1.0

03.3

.8

.8

.8

1.0

.8

.8

1.5

2.0

2.5

2.5

2.5 

2.3

2.2 

6.3

1.7

2.0

2.0

1.5

1.5

1.5 

1.2

1.2

.7

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.1 1.1

1.2

1.2

1.5

1.2

1.3

1.5

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.1

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

......

Nov.

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.2

1.0

1.0

1.0 

1.0

1.0

.......

.8

.8

.8

1.0

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

1.0

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.......

.:::...

Dec.

.......

.......

.......

*

Jan.

.......

.......

.......

-------

Feb.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Mar.

.......

3.5 

4.0

4 9

.......

-------

Apr.

3.8

3.5

3.2

3.0

2.8

2.5

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.2

2.5

3.0

2.8

2.5

2.5

2.2

3.0

2.5 

3.0

3.2 

5.5

4.2

4.0

3.8

3.5

3.2

3.2 

3.0

1.00

1.42

2.50

9 K7

3.17

3.29

4.47

6.25

6.00

6.33

6.33

5.25

5.00

5.00

5.25

5.25

4.83

4.50 

4.00

3.75

2.34

4 00

8.-50

4.83

May.

2.8

2.8

3.8

4.0

3.8

3.5

«5.3

1.8

1.5

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.8

«5.2

1.5

1.5

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.5

«5.8

2.0 

2.0

1.8

2.5

2.8

2.0

06.8

5.3

4.8

4.2

7.33

7.50

7.50

7.75

6.75

8.75

5.67

4.50

4.25

3.50

3.33

4.00

6.12

1.83

2.00

2.75

4.50

6.25

6.50

8.38

4.00

4.33

3.83

3.25 

3.25

3.00

5.58

3.50

4.00

3.50 

3.75

June.

3.8

3.8

3.3

«6.2

1.2

2.0

1.5

3.0

3.8

3.0

o6.4

1.5

1.8

3.8

4.0

4.5

4.0

«5.4

3.0

2.0 

2.5

2

Q 

. o

2.8

2.8

o4.8

1.8

2.0

3.0

3.5 

3.2

2.50

3.33

5.75

3.50

4.08

4.83

4.83

4.75

5.67

6.50

3.00

2.50

4.83

5.50

7.00

6.67

5.75

4.12

3.75

4.75

4.00

4.00

3.67

6.54 

1.83

1.83

2.00

2.25

2.30

2.58

July.

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

4.0

«5.3

1.7

2.0

2.5

2.5

2.2

2.0

«3.8

.5

1.0

1.0

1.5

1.8

1.5

14.0

.2

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.2 

1.0

1.0

5.71

1.00

1.67

1.83

9 fin

2.25

2.17

4.79

1.50

1.50

1.83

1.83

4.16

1.00

1.33

.33

.33

1.08

1.42

1.42

1.42

1.58 

2.00

2.00

1.83

1.83

1.17

"i."58"

Aug.

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

«2.6

1.2

1.0

.8

.5

.5

.5

«1.6

1.0

1.0

1.0

«2.5

1.5

1.5 

1.2

1.5 

1.2

1.0

1.2

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0 

1.0

1.0

1.58

6.50

1.00

1.25

1.50

.75

1.50

1.50

1.50

1.50

1.50

1.33

1.00

1.00

1.50

1.00

1.00

1.00

R 19

1.50

1.50

1.25

1.33

1.17 

1.17

1 00

1.00

1.33

1.17

1.17 

1.17

Sept.

1.0

1.0

1.0

.5

.5

.8

.8

1.0

.5

.5

.5

1.0

.8

1.0

.7

.8

1.0

1.0

1.0

'"".&

.8

.0

1.0

1.0

.......

1.17

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.17

1.17

1.17

1.17

1.25

1.33

1.67

1.75

1.67

1.67

1.33

4.25

1.00

1.25

1.25

1.00

1.00

1.00 ""i.'i?

1.08

1.00

1 00

1.08

1.08

Floods for log driving.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVBE DKAINAGE BASIN. 125

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, '1913.

[August Flug, observer. ]

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8. ............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct. Nov. Dec.

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Jan.

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.2

Feb.

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.0

.9

.9

.9

Mar.

0.9

1.2

3.4

2.0

2.6

2.5

2.7

4.3

Apr.

5.2

7.2

10.0

11.0

10.0

.8.0

7.7

6.7

6.2

5.5

5.3

4.5

5.2

6.0

6.3

7.2

6.5

7.7

7.8

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.2

6.2

6.0

6.0

5.8

5.3

5.0

5.0

May.

4.5

4.5

4.0

3.8

3.8

0 C

3.2

3.0

2.8

2.5

2.7

2.7

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.7

3.3

4.3

4.7

5.0

6.3

6.8

6.3

5.3

5.0

4.3

3.7

3.8

4.0

4.0

June.

4.0

4.0

3.5

3.5

3.0

2.3

2.3

4.0

3.8

3.3

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.5

2.3

2.3

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.8

1.5

1.35

1.35

1.7

1.15

1.15

1.0

1.0

1.0

July.

1.0

1.0

.65

1.0

3.3

7.7

7.2

6.0

5.2

5.2

4.8

4.8

4.0

4.0

3.8

3.5

3.7

3.3

a. 2

3.5

3.2

2.8

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.0

2.0

2.2

3:0

3.2

3.5

Aug.

3.0

2.2

2.0

2.0

1.8

1.7

1.5

1.5

1.35

1.35

1.15

1.15

1.35

1.35

1.15

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.5

3.3

3.3

3.3

2.7

2.5

2.0

2.0

1.7

1.7

1.35

1.15

1.5

Sept.

1.5

1.15

1.15

1.5

1.8

1.5

1.7

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.0

.85

1.0

1.15

1.5

1.5

1.7

1.7

2.2

2.3

2.5

2.3

2.0

NOTE. Discharge relation probably affected by ice about Dec. 16,1912, to Mar. 31,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years

ending Sept. 30, 1888-1899.

Day.

1888. 

1... ............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

June. July.

7 840 13' ooo

6,440

5,900

4,600

5,630

6,170

7,000

8,130

7,280

18,700

6,440

3,640

2,960

3,300

Aug.

5,900

3,870

4,850

7,000

10,300

13,600

13,900

13,300

13,000

15,200

13,900

13,000

12,000

10,800

10,200

Sept.

3,410

3,240

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

Day.

1888. 

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21 ...........

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

June.

22,800

19,800

17,700

15,600

13,600

11,700

10,200

9,870

9,000

July.

3,640

4,110

5,000

24,200

8,400

5,630

4,140

3,640

3,640

4,110

3,870

3,640

3,640

3,640

4,350

12,600

Aug.

9 rwi

8,130

8,130

8,700

15,900

6,170

5.110

4,600

4,350

4,350

4,110

3,870

3,870

3,870

3,640

3,640

Sept.

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

4,140

5,110

3,870

3,520

3,180

3,180

2,740

3,420
126 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in secondrfeet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years 

ending Sept. 30, 1888-1899 Continued.

Day.

1888-89. 

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9.............. 

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

1889-90. 

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15... ...... .....

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

4,110

3,180

2,960

1,750

2 74T1

2,120

2,650

3,180

2,960 

2,960

2,960

2,960

2,120

3,000

3,870

3,180

2,740

2,120

4,850

3,870

3,870

3,870

3,870

3,870

3,180

3,350

3,520

3,700

3,870

3,870

3 180

2,120

2,120

1,750

1,930

1,750

1,660

1,580

1,430

1,430

1,430

1,300

1,300

1,360

1,430

1,300

1,430

1,430

1,300

1.300

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,190

1,090

1,090

1,090

860

860

860

Nov.

19,800 

3,870

3,870

3,870

730

Dec.

-------

Jan.

.......

Feb.

.......

Mar.

-------

6,440

6,170

Apr.

4,850

4,600

4.110

3,180

3 fi4n

3 Q7ft

3,990

4,110

15,600 

5,110

3,180

3,640

4,350

4,990

5,630

6,170

5,370

5,630

18,400

7,000

3,180

4,850

8,420

9,000

9.870

11,100

10,600

10,200

7,000

7,560

5,630

6,320

7,000

12,300

17,300

18,700

20,900

25,000

27,200

26,900

25,000

20,500

18,000

18,000

17,300

14,900

14,600

14,600

13,900

13,900

13,000

13,900

13,300

11,100

11,100

s, no

May.

7,000

7,280

7,840

7,280

7,560

7 840

8,710

21,300

10,200 

5,630

13,000

12,400

11,700

22,800

12,000

3,870

11,400

15,900

15,900

15,900

22,400

16,300

9,870

'5,370

11,700

11,400

10,500

8,420

8,420

8,500

13,300

7,560

7,840

7,000

5,370

10,500

11,100

1,750

2,960

3,180

12,000

3,180

1,300

1,750

3,870

4,110

3,870

11,400

3,640

2,120

4,600

8,130

9,870

11,700

21,600

18,400

15,200

17,000

13,000

13,000

11,100

19.500

June.

10,800

2 ion

4,350

7,840

9 fL8f)

10,500

19 800

9,290

6,240 

3,180

9,580

6,440

7,280

7,000

7,560

8,570

9,580

7,840

9,290

16,300

10,800

5,630

9,870

11,100

11,700

11,700

19,800

13,000

9,860

14,000

12,300

12,600

12,600

13,900

18,700

19,800

19,100

19,100

16,300

17,700

16,300

15,600

13,000

11,600

10,200

9,870

8,130

7,000

6,440

5,630

5,120

4,600

4,600

11,400

3,180

1,930

1,930

1,760

1,580

July.

6,720

s, no

8,420

8,420

17,000

9 con

8,010

6,440

1,930 

2,120

2,120

3,870

4,600 f% dnn

13,600

1,430

1,430

1,750

1,750

1,940

2,120

2,120

2,320

2,120

2,320

2,120

1,430

8,130

1,430

1,750

1,580

3,180

5,370

4,980

4,600

4,600

4,350

4,350

4,350

2,120

10,800

3,000

2,120

2,120

4,850

8,710

7,560

13,300

3,000

2,120

2,120

2,120

3,180

3,410

10,200

3,000

2,120

2,120

2,120

2.120

Aug.

1,750

1 Q3ft

1 7*^

1

7CA

1 930

1,750

1,750

1,580 

1,750

1,940

2,120

2,120

2,020

1,930

1,750

1,750

1,580

9

cQft

3,410

3,410

2,120

2,120

1,930

2,300

13,000

3,180

1,090

1,430

1,750

1,750

2,120

2,120

1 tun

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

2,120

14,600

14,600

13,600

12,300

6,170

5,110

6,720

4,600

4,350

4,600

8,130

7,840

7,000

5,800

4,600

5,370

5,370

5,370

8,710

6,720

4.000

Sept.

1,750

1 930

l',930

1,930

17 000

1,430

1,300

1,300

1,580 

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

13,600

2,120

2,120

1,750

1,930

1,930

1,930

1,930

2,126

1,930

1,750

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,960

2,960

1,930

4,850

10,500

11,700

11, SCO

12,000

11,700

10,500

10,800

5,630

2,960

3,660

i4,350

4,350

4,110

4,110

4,350

7,000

9,870

9,870

8,420

7,000

5,630

5,110

14,600

5,000

3,870

2,320
TIPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 127

Daily discharge, In seeond-feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for 

ending Sept. 30, 1888-1899 Continued.

Day.

1890-91. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4.............. 

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

1891-92. 

1........... ..

2..............

3..............

4...........

5..............

6........... .

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12.............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

ioct.

2,960

2,960

2,530

2,530 

2,530

2,530

2,120

2,320

2,120

2,120

1,750

2,360

2,960

7,000

11,700

12,300

20,200

11,700

10,200

8,710

7,280

6,440

2,120

2,530

2,960

3,780

4,600

2,320

2,320

2,740

2,320

"TOA

790

930

1,010

1,090

2,320

2 740

1,300

1,010

i 3on

1,430

1 7Kf\

2,120

1 QQ/\

1,750

1,580

13,900

1,500

1 430

1 430

2,530

1,750

1,010

1,010

1,050

1,090

1,090

1 ton

1,190 i ion

12,300

Nov.

2,320

2,320

2,320

2,120 

5,110

3,640

2,320

1,750

1,660

1,580

1 1QA

1 190

I ion

1 ion

1 ion

1-190

1 190

i' ion

1 ion

1 ion

1,090

1 ftQfl

1,010

1,010

1,010

Dec.

.......

Jan.

.......

Feb.

.......

Mar. Apr.

7,840

11,100

14,600

16,600

20,900

21,300

23,400

25,400

22,800

22,000

26,900

27,200

25,400

22,800

20,200

19,100

15,200

14,600

2 120

4,350

13,900

16,300

19,800

18,700

20,500

18,000

14,600

12,700

10,800

4,350

5,630 4. fifin

4,350

4,110

3,990

3,870

3,410

2,530

3,410

4,350

15,900

1,300

1,750

2 120

2,320

4,600

4,850 i n oftft

May.

14,900

11,700

10,800

9,870 

11,700

8,420

5,110

3,410

5,630

5,630

5,630

5,370

17 700

4,110

4,600

3,180

4,400

5,630

5,110

5,110

14,900

3,640

2,120

2,430

2,740

4,110

3,870

3,870

14,600

12,600

2,000

1,010

4,850

7,000

9,870

10,500

11,400

12,000

13,300

10,200

13,300

11,700

12,300

13,300

13,600

13,600

17,000

18,000

19,100

18,000

30,300

35,800

34,600

30,300

22,800

20,500

18,400

17,000

15,200

14. (Wi

14,600

15.200

June.

1 <?nn

2,120

2,320

3,410 

4,350

2 Qfln

3 540

4,110

4,110

4,110

4,350

5,110

5,630

4,990

4,350

4,600

3,870

4,110

3,410

14,600

2,700

1,750

2,120

1,930

4,110

4,110

3,180

3,070

2,960

2,740

13,000

11,700

9,870

10,200

8,420

7,840

10,500

14,600

14,600

13,000

12,300

10,500

9,870

9,290

7,560

8,130

12,300

15,600

15,200

15,600

15,200

13,600

13,000

12,300

9,870

7,840

19,500

28,800

28,000 9>t oftft

July.

2,740

2

A£A

2

A£A

2,120

2,320

2

*>on

1 Q3ft

1,930

1,930

1,930

12 300 I'ooo

860

860

860

860

860

860

860

860

1,090

1,090

1,930

1,930

1,930

1,510

1,090

860

1,090

1,090

860

19,100

13,600

17,000

16,300

15,600

12,300

10,200

7,560

9,290

2,120

4,850

1,580

3,180

3,410

4,350

18,700

1,010

1,300

3,870

4.350

3,870

1,750

16,300

1,300

1,300

1,430

1,750

8,130

11,100

9,870

7.560

Aug.

860

1 080

I

qnn

1,930 

1,930

1 7^

1,580

1,930

1,560

1,190

1,190

1,090

1,090

1,090

860

860

860

860

3,870

2,120

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

860

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

980

860

6,440

5,110

4,850

4,350

1,750

14,900

860

1,430

1,930

1.930

1,930

2,740

2,740

1,300

1,580

1,750

1,750

1,300

1,300

6,440

860

860

860

860

860

4,850

1,090

1,010

1,010

1.010

1.010

Sept.

860

1 190

i nofi

670 

670

5,110

i ion

860

860

860

860

860

860

860

860

790

790

790

860

860

860

790

790

790

730

730

730

730

730

730

1,090

1,010

1,010

2,740

1,090

1,190

1,090

1,190

1,300

1,430

1,930

2,120

2,530

1,750

2,530

2,120

2,120

1,750

2,120

1,750

1,580

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,010

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090
128 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years 

ending Sept. 30, 1888-1899 Continued.

Day.

1892-93. 

1..... .........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19

20

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

OC

26..............

97

28..............

9Q

30..............

01

1893-94. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

930

930

930

930

860

,930

930

930

930

930

930

930

930

1,010

1,010

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,190

1,300

1,190

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

860

860

860

860

1,010

1,010

1,430

1,430

4,350

3,870

3,640

2,530

2,530

2,120

2,120

1,750

1,010

930

1,010

930

19,800

860

860

860

1,010

1,010

930

18,000

860

860

860

Nov.

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,010

1,010

QOA

1,010

1,010

930

930

930

930

930

930

930

860

860

860

860

Dec.

.......

: -

Jan.

.......

Feb. Mar.

-

5,110

6,170

6,440

7,840

9,290

7,840

7,280

6,720

6,440

7,000

7,280

6,440

7,840

10,000

13,300

15,200

19,100

9*> AfV)

20,900

20,500

14,000

8,420

7,560

9 290

8,420

7,280

7,560

Apr.

6 440

7,280

9,000

10,800

11,100

11,700

14 900

15,600

18,000

22,000

24,200

20,500

17 <*nfl

15,600

10 AAA.

33 600

13,600

13,000

1°. °JTft

9,290

10,500

10 QAfl

91 o.nfi

97 fifiO

26,500

26,100

e

efift

6,170

4,850 7 wrt

7,560

9,290

9,000

9,870

9 9Qfl

9,580

9 9Qfi

9 290

9^580

12 000

19 Rrtfl

16,600

19 100

22,800

31,900

QO Tnn

31 900

27 200

99 Oftft

20,500

10 nAA

5 finn

12,600

12 000

S

finn.

May.

20,500

21,600

23,500

23,500

20,900

17,000

1Q Qflfl

17 000

15,200

37 000

24,600

37,800

38,200

30,300

28,000

99 son

20 900

17 000

16,600

10,800

19 onn

12,000

1 C CAft

19,800

24,200

22,800

17,300

20,500

15,600

21,600

11 400

14^600

15,600

1Q Qftft

22,400

24,200

24,600

24,200

19,800

17 000

15,600

14,600

15,600

19,100

9fl QAft

47,300

07 Qftft

34,200

24,600

17 300

3

ftf)f\

2

OAft

12,000

O KftA

9

O7/\

9 ftftn

8 71ft

7 840

?! 280

June.

10,800

9,000

6,720

7 000

6,720

9,290

8,710

16 600

3,870

S QTft

3,410

3,410

5,630

3,870

14,900

QCf\

1 300

3

1 Of\

3,180

3,410

5 eon

4 OKA

15,200

860

3 1 Qrt

4 600

5,900

5 Qftft

5,630

6,720

19 ^ftft

2,530

2 740

5,630

Q ftAft

2,530

4,350

10 800

3,410

2 Qfift

9 TMn

2 con

2,530

2,530

1O AfV)

860

2

CQA

2,530

2 7Jft

3 Q7ft

3

Q7n

3 S7A

3

O»7A

3,870

3,870

4

0Crt

3,870

3 ion

3

1 Ofl

July.

15,900

930

1,010

1,010

2,530

3,870

4 600

4*600

6,440

4,850

14,200

1,090

1,750

6,170

6,170

5,370

5,110

5, 370

3,870

3,870

3,870

9,290

1,300

1,300

1,010

1,010

1,190

1,430

1,300

1,300

2,530

2,530

2,320

1,750

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1 430

1,300

1 °J¥1

1,190

1 non

i oon

1,090

1,090

1,010

1,010

1.010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

930

SfiA

860

Aug.

1 onri

1,300

2

qon

1,750

1,300

I

con

3

1 on

1

7Kft

1 7K/1

1 190

1 °J1O

i ion

i nort

i oon

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,030

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,090

1,090

1,190

1 190

1 300

1 300

1 300

i Qnn

860

1,090

1,090

1 090

1 7^

i ion

1,190

1 43ft

1 300

1 300

1 300

1,010

1,300

1 190

i ion

1 AQft

1,090

1 ftOA

1,090

1,090

1,010

1,090

1,010

1,010

fiftn

1,090

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

Sept.

1 190

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,010

1 190

1 190

1 190

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,090

1,090

, 1,010

1,010

930

QQA

Q3ft

QQA

non

930

non

Qon

non

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

860

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

i non

1,010

1 10ft

1 190

I

nnn

1,090

1 090

1,090

860
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 129

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years 

ending Sept. SO, 1888-1899 Continued.

Day.

1894-95. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4. ....... ......

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9.............. 

10. .............

11.............. 

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19...............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

1895-96. 

1... ...........

3...... ........

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..... .........

8..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16.. ........... .

17..............

18..............

1Q

20..............

O1

22..............

oo

94

OR

26..............

27..............

OQ

OQ

^n

31..............

Oct.

860 

860 

930 

1,010

860

860 

860 

930 

1,010 

1,010

1,010 

1,010 

1,010 

1,010

1,010

860 

860 

930 

930 

860

860 

930 

1,010

1,010 

1,430

1,580 

1,930 

3,180

1,750

2,530 

1,750 

2,320 

2,530 

1,930

1,750

1,750 

1,750 

1,580 

1,010

12,300

1,300 

1,200

1,090 

1,090

1,190 

1,090 

1,010 

1,090 

1,090

1,010

1,010 

1,010 

1,010

1,010 

1,010

1,010

1,010 

930

860 

730

Nov.

2,530 

2,960 

2,960 

2,960

2,740

2,960 

2,960 

3,180 

3,180

2,740 

1,750 

1,750 

1,430

1,430

1,300 

1,090 

1,090 

1,090

860 

670 

670 

670 

930

1,010

1,010 

1,010 

1,010 

1,010

1,010

1,010 

1,010

1,010 

1,010

860 

860 

800 

730

Dec.

.......

.......

Jan.

.......

Feb.

.......

.......

Mar.

.......

.......

i

Apr.

1,750 

1,300 

1,300 

1,300 

1,300

1,190. 

1,660 

2,120 

3,410 

2,320

2,530 

3,410 

3,870 

2,740 

1,300

2,120 

1,750 

2,530 

1,750 

1,190

1,190 

1,190 

2,120 

1,300 

1,300

-1,580 

10,800 

2,000 

1,010 

2,960

11,700 

22,800 

29,200

33,800 

35,000 

35,800 

39,000 

38,600

35,800 

29,500 

25,400 

21,600 

20,900

20,600 

19,800 

21,600 

19,800 

19,800

May.

4,350 

4,110 

4,350 

8,420 

10,500

9,870 

9,290 

9,000 

9,290 

8,420

7,560 

17,700 

15,600 

14,900 

12,300

11,100 

8,710 

7,560 

5,900 

17,000

3,410 

4,600 

4.350

3,870 

17,000

1,010 

1,750 

2,530 

3,180 

2,320 

3,410

19,100 

18,000 

21,600 

23,500 

20,500

18,000 

15,600 

15,600 

9,290 

10,200

13,300 

9,290 

9,290 

12,300 

15,900

22,800 

18,000 

20,500 

22,000 

20,500

20,500 

12,300 

13,600 

12,300 

10,200

11,400 

10,500 

9,870 

9,580 

15,600 

7,000

June.

16,300 

860 

7,280 

8,710 

9,870

7,560 

5,630 

13,300 

1,580 

5,630

8,130 

17,000 

19,100 

13,600 

17,000

13,500 

10,800 

7,560 

10,500 

4,850

3,410 

13,300 

5,000 

4,850 

5,370

7,560 

5,630 

4,350 

15,600 

2,530

8,710 

10,500 

9,870 

7,000 

7,000

6,720 

14,900 

9,290 

13,900 

16,300

13,300 

10,800 

13,000 12,300" 

9,000

7,000 

9,870 

9,870 

9,870 

16,300

8,420 

7,560 

6,440 

7,560 

9,870

10,500 

14,600 

4,850 

4,350 

4,850

July.

2,530 

2,740 

4,600 

4,600 

1,580

13,300 

2,320 

3,180 

2,530 

1,750

3,870 

5,370 

13,900 

6,000 

5,630

5,370 

6,440 

6,440 

6,440 

6,440

5,110 

5,630 

6,170 

6,440 

4,600

4,600 

9,290 

1,010 

2,320 

3,180 

2,740

4,350 

13,600 

1,750 

4,350 

4,350

6,440 

6,440 

4,850 

12,300 

3,870

4,350 

3,180 

3,180 

2,530 

3,870

5,110 

5,110 

11,400 

3,180 

3,410

2,530 

2,530 

3,410 

3,180 

4,850

3,180 

3,640

2,740 

2,740 

3,180 

2,740

Aug.

2,530 

1,010 

14,600 

860 

860

1,010 

1,090 

1,090 

1,090 

2,120

3,000 

3,870 

3,180 

2,960 

2,960

14,600 

1,750 

1,010 

1,300 

1,010

1,090 

2,740 

1,090 

1,090 

1,190

1,300 

1,190 

1,190 

1,010 

620 

570

3,180 

3,180 

3,180 

3,180 

3,180

3,180 

2,740 

2,740 

2,800 

9,580

4,350 

3,870 

5,630 

5,900 

4,110

2,700 

1,300 

1,300 

1,300 

1,300

860 

2,530 

2,140 

1,750 

1,750

1,840 

1,930 

1,930 

2,120 

2,120 

2,120

Sept.

570 

570 

1,010 

7,000 

6,440

5,630 

5,630 

3,320 

1,010 

1,010

1,010 

1,010 

1,010 

1,010 

1,010

1,010 

1,010 

1,090 

1,750 

1,750

2,120 

3,640 

12,000 

15,900 

15,200

12,300 

9,290 

5,110 

5,110 

5,110

1;750 

1,750 

1,750 

1,750 

1,750

1,340 

930 

5,370 

2,960 

2,530

2,120 

3,870 

3,200 

2,530 

3,180

1,750 

860 

1,300 

1,750 

2,360

2,960 

2,530 

2,120 

2,320 

2,320

4,350 

2,300 

2,120 

1,750 

1,750

91388° WSP 355 15-
130 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis., for the ye 

ending Sept. 30,1888-1899 Continued.

Day.

1896-97. 

1..............

2.............. 

3........ ...... 

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............. 

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

1897-98. 

1...... ........

2.............. 

3.............. 

4.............. 

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............. 

12.. .......... .. 

13..............

14..............

15..............

16.............. 

17.............. 

18.............. 

19..............

20..............

21.............. 

22.............. 

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,750

1,750 

1,750 

1,750

1,750

1,750

2,120

2,120

2,120

1,750

1,520 

1,300

1,300

1,750

1,300

1,750

1,870

2,000

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

4,350

5,630 

2,530

2,530 

2,120 

2,530 

2,120

3,640

3,180

2,120

7,840

1,750

1,750 

1,750 

2,120

1,750

1,750

3,180 

4,350 

5,630 

5,630

5,630

5,110 

4,850 

17,300

3,640

4,350

4,350

3,180

3,180

3,180

2,530

2,530

Nov.

7,750

9,870 

10,200 

9,290

8,420

8,420

8,710

9,000

9,290

7,000

5,630 

4,350

2,530

2,530 

2,530 

2,530 

2,530

9 vtn

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530 

2,530 

9 t^in

2,120

2,120

2,120 

2,530 

2,120 

2,120

2,120

2,120 

2,120

......

Dec.

.......

.......

:::::::

.......

Jan.

.......

.......

------

.......

.......

.......

Feb.

.......

.....".

Mar.

.......

OK ann

25,400

26,100

28,400

26,500

27,200

OC Aftf\

26,500 9O onn

35,400

46,500

-------

.......

.;..:;;

 : :

8,420

9,870

10,500

Apr.

AA Kflfl

60,100 

52,400

33,400

33.000

28,400

25,400

22,800

20,500

18,000 

17 nnn

15,600

16,300

18,000

18,000

16,300

16 300

14,900

13,600

13,000

13,600

13,900

13,000

11,700

10,800

12,300

i e OAA

9

OQA

8,420 

7,560 

7,000 

6,440

5,630

4,350

4 OCA

4,350

4,350 

4,850 

5,630

7,000

6,440

5,630 

5,630 

4,850 

7,000

5,630

7,000 

7,560

10,500

9,870

9,290

8,420

7,560

7,560

7,000

May.

1 C CAA

13,900 

12,300 

10,500

9,290

9,290

7 nnn

7,560

6,440

7,560

8,420

6

AAf\

7,560

7,560

14,200

6,440

4,350

5,630

5,630

10,500

16,300

22,000

13,000

13,600

-10 CAA

13,600

12,300

10,500

16,300

3 1 fin

4,350 

6 440

6,440 

9,290 

9,870 

9,290

3,870

3,180

7 000

7,000 

7,000 

6 440

13^600

3,180

3,180 

3,870 

4,350 

4,850

5,630

15,600 

4,350 

4,350

3

Q7A

5,630

4 OCA

3

QAA

12,300

10,500

June.

5,630

6,440 

13,600 

19 800

26,500

Ifi ^Iflft

14,600

15,600

13,000 10 cnn

14,600 

14,200

11,400

10,800

9,870

1C CAA

10,800

20,500

91 fififl

17 300

16,300

11,400

11,400

11,100

10,200

9

OQO

6

AA(\

6 440

8,420

10,500

9 9Oft

9,290 

7,840 

17,000 

2,530

4,350

3

1 on

7,000

9

OQfl

7 nnn

17,700 

3,180

3

Q7rt

9

OQA

9,870

11,400 

9,870 

14,200 

7,000

4,350

5,630 

6,440 

6 440

12,300

3,870

7 nnn

8,420

7 560

.'.....

July.

11 400

9*870 

7,560 

9,870

7,560

7 000 7'nnn

5,630

2

CQA

7,280

2,120 

4,350

A OKA

9 co^1

3,180

9 e^in

2 COA

1,750

3

1QA

9 t&fi

3,180

2,530

3

Q7A

3,870

3,870

4,850

15,600

20,500

18,000 i si nnn

13,600

7 >»fifl

7,560 

7,560 

7,560 

7,560

7,560 7 fifin

9,870

1O QAA

3,640

4,350 

5,630 

5,630

4,850

4,350

9,290 

1,300 

2,120

3,180

3,870 

3,180 

9,870

1,010

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2 con

2,120

2,120

Aug.

13,000

11,400 

9,870 

9,870

9,290

7,000

7,000

6,440

5,630

4,850 

d nan

4,850

4,850

7,000

3

1QA

3,640

3,180

3,180

3,180

13,600

2,530

3,180

2,740

3

1QA

2,530

2,530

2 con

1 300 1 °jm

2,120 

2,120

2,120 

2,120 

2,120 

2,120

2,120

2,530

2,120 1 7*\n

1,300 

1,300 

1 300

3,' 410

2,120

2,120 

2,120 

5,630 31 on

3,180

2,530 

3,180

2 con

2,120

2

CQA

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

Sept.

2,120

2,120 

3,870 

3,870

3,870

3,870

3,870

3,870

16,300

3,180

3,180 1 non

3,870

4,350

4,850

4 OCA

3,180

3,180

3

1QA

3,180

3,180

3,180

2 7AH

2,530

2

CQA

1,300

1,300

4,110

2 120

2 120

2,120

2,120 

2,120 

1,300 

1,300

1 7*\n

1,750

2,120

1,300 1 °.nn

1,300 

2,120 

1,750

2,120

1,580

1,750 

2,120 

2,120 

2,120

2,030

1,940 

1,840 

1,750

1,750

860

9 ion

2,120

2,010

1,900

1,800
UPPEB MISSISSIPPI EIVEE DEAINAGE BASIN. 131

i, in second-feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years 

ending Sept. 30,1888-1899 Continued.

Day.

1898-99. 

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............. 

12..............

13.............. 

14.............. 

15..............

16.............. 

17..............

18.............. 

10

20.............. 

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27

28..............

on

30..............

qt

Oct.

1,690

1,580

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,320 

2,320

2,630 

2,630 

3,180

2,530 

2,740

3,180 

2,530

2,530 

2,530

2,530

2,420

2,320

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

Nov.

1,750

1,750

1,750-

9 19ft

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,750

2,120

1,750 

1,750

1,750 

1,750 

1,750

1,750 

1,750

1,750 

i 7ift

1,750 

1,750

Dec.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Jan.

.......

.......

Feb.

.......

.......

.......

Mar.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Apr.

5,950

7,330

7,680

11,300 

17,500 

16,600

17,800 

17 800

IS' 900 

13,000

13,000 

13,900

13,900

12,400

11,400

9,800

9,050

5,110

9,800

26,200

12,400

May.

91 (Wl

99 <W¥l

22,300

00 Qftft

19 400

27,200 11 ^ftfi

11,400

10,600

8,300

7,800 

9 800

17,000 

3,870 

4,280

6,160 

11,400

17,500 

18,400

25,800 

9,800

10,800

9,290

7,560

7,560

6,850

8,300

9,800

8,300

9,050

June.

5,510

7

0AA

15", 600

8 qf¥l

10 000

12 400

12 400

15,300

18,400

6,850 

5,510

12,400 

14,700 

20,400

19,100

15,600

10,200 

9,050

12,200 

9,800

9,800

8,810

18,600

3,870

3,870

4,280

4,880

5,010

5,720

July.

15,500

2

non

3

CAA

3

O7A

4,280

4 eon

4,690

12,300

570

3,110

3,870 

3,870

10,300 

1,500 

1,800

2,030

2,740

1,120 

1,120

2,200 

2,930

2,930

2,930

3,290

4,280

4,280

3,870

3,870

2,390

2,840

3,290

Aug.

3

9QA

18,400

2

non

2

CAfl

3,110

1 fifiA

3,110

3,110

3,110

3,110

3,110

2 740

2^030 

2,030 

3,110

2,030 

2,030

2,030 

17,000

3,110 

3,110

2,560

2,740

2,390

2,390

2,030

2,030

2,740

2,390

2,390

2,390

Sept.

2 OQft

2

nOA

2

fton

2 030

9' ion

2 390

2

qon

2

qnn

2,560

2,740

3,500 

3,680

3; 600 

3,500 

27Jrt

10,600 

1,800

2,030

2,560

2,560 

2,030

2,030

2,030

2,.210

2,390

2,200

2,030

2,030

2,200

2,200
132 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for 

ending Sept.'30, 1910-1913.

Day.

1909-10. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

94

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30.............. 

31..............

1910-11. 

1....... .......

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7.............. 

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............. 

12..............

13.............. 

14..............

15..............

16..............

17.............. 

18..............

19.............. 

20.............

21............. 

22.............. 

23..............

24.............. 

25..............

26.............. 

27.............. 

28.............. 

29.............

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

2,120

2,120

1,930

1,840

2,220

2,020

2,530

3,180

3,180

3,410

3

QAA

3

QAA

3,070

3,180

3

QAA

3,070

2 Qftft

3,410

3 640

3,640

3

Q7rt

3 S7A

3,870

3,870 

3,410

2,530

2,320

2,320

2,420

2,530

2,640

, OolJ

2,420

2,320

2,420

2,320 

2,420

2,320 

2,320

2,320

1,360

2,320 

1,300

1,500 

1,750

1,750 

1,430 

1,580

1,580 

1,580

1,580 

1,580 

1,580 

1,580

1,580 

1,580

Nov.

3,870

4,350

9,870

9

COA

9

AAA

8,130

7,000

6,440

5,370

4,350

6 440

21,300

20,500

18,400

14,200

11 400

11,700

11 700

9

KOA

7 280 7' f^fin

7,280

7,560

8

1QA

9,580

11,700

12,300 

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580 

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580 

1,580

1,580 

1,500

1,430

1,430

1,430 

1,430

1,430 

1,300

1,300 

1,300 

1,300

1,300 

1,300

1,300 

1,300 

1,360

1,430 

1,500

Dec.

10,500

9

rort

8,710

9 290

8

-ioA

7,560

7,000

6,440

6 440

6 440

6,170

S

QArt

5,900

5,900

5,630

S

oon

6,170

5,630

S

oon

7 Oftft

6,720

6 440

7 AAA

7,000

6 440

7 (\Of\

7 000

7^000

6 440

7,000 

7,000

1,580

1,580

1,430

1,360

1,300

1,300

1,360 

1,430

1,360

1,300

1,300 

1,300

1,300 

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300 

1,300

1,430 

1,580

1,750 

1,580 

1,430

1,580 

1,580

1,580 

1,430 

1,430

1,430

1,580 

1,580

Jan.

7,000

7 nnft

7 ftAft

A 44H

A 44ft

6,170

6,440

A 44ft

7 AAA

6 440

5

QAA

5,630

5,370

5,370

4,850

4 230

3 640

3

QAA

3

1QA

3,070

3 eon

3

Q7A

3 A4fl

3,410 

3,410

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580 

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580 

1,580

1,580 

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580 

1,580

1,580 

1,580

1,580 

1,580 

1,580

1,580 

1,580

1,580 

1,580 

1,580

2,' 120 

2,120

Feb.

3

QAA

3 180

2 Ofift

2,850

2 74ft

2 640

2

COA

2

COA

2 OCA

2,850

2

KQA

2,530

2 QAH

2,850

2 740

2 740

2 fUft

2

COA

2

CQA

2 74ft

2 7dfl

O QOA

2 420

2^850

2

QAA

2 740

2^740

2 960

1

QQA

1,750

1,580

1,580

1,840

1,930 

1,750

1,750

1,580

1,580

1 CQfl

1,580 

i ££n

1,580

1 fiSft

1,580 

1,580

1,750 

1,750

1,750 

1,750 

1,750

1,750 

1,750

1,580 

1,580 

1,580

Mar.

2,740

2 QAO.

2 740

2 Qfift

2 Qfift

3,070

3

QAA

3,410

S

COft

3 7fifl

3

QQA

4,110

S QQft

3,760

3

QAA

3

9 Art

4,350

4,850

8

-IQA

8

1 QA.

7,840

7,000 

6,440

1,580

i ££n

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,580

1,660 

1,750

1,750

1,930

2,120

2

Qcn

3,180 

2,850

2 Qftft

3,410

3,640 

3 640

3^640 

3,410

3,300 

3,410

3

KOA

3,990 

4,350

4,600 

4,600 

4,350

6,170 

6,440

Apr.

6,170

5,630

5,370

5,630

5 ono

6,170

5,900

5,110

4,350

4,600

-4,110

3

Q7ft

3 Q7ft

3,410

3

-IQA

5,370

9 eon

8,710

7 t\fif\

G>',720

7,560

5,370 

5,630

5

Q7A

5,110

4,600

4,350

3,870

3,870

3,640 

3,640

3 640

3' 410

3,870

2

KQrt

6,170 

8,420

5,370

7 000

6,440 

5,900

5,630

8,130 

6,440 

6,170

6,440 

5,900

5,110 

5,370 

4,600

3,870 

4,110

May.

4,850

5,110

4,110

3 ft 7ft

3 640

3 ft7ft

' 3 540

3,410

3 18ft

2 960

2 QAfi

2 Qfin

2

QArt

2

-IOA

2 740

2

QArt

4,850

9,870

8 71 fl

9

AAA

9 290

8^420

8 1 Qft

7,840

7

A.AA

5,110 

2,530 

4,350

4,110

4,110

4,350

4,350

4,110

4,110 

4,110

2 960

3

1 on

4,350 

3 640

2,740 

2 740

3 640

4,110

4,110 

4,110

4,110

4,350

7,280 

10,500

9 Q7 A,

11,400 

11,400

9,290 

7,000 

6,440

5,630 

4,600 

3,870

June.

4,110

3 ft7fl

3,870

Q 9OH

3 640

3,410

3

1OA

3 ISA

2 960

2 740

2^120

2 con

2 39ft

2,740

2 120

2

trort

2 740

2^120

2 74ft

2

OOA

2,120

1,750

2,120

1,580 

2 120

1,750 

1,580

3 ft7ft

4,850

4,850

4,850

5

QAA

9,870

6 440

5^630

5,370

3,870 

3,870

2,740

2 eon

3,410

2 740

2,530

2

QOfl

2,320

1 Qlft

1,750 

1,750 

1,580

1,580 

1,580

1,580 

1,580 

1,430

1,430 

1,300

July.

1,580

2 7dfl

1 QQA

2

KQA

1,580

7QO

7QA

620

620

570

570

570

, A^U

, O^U

, Oou

1,750 

1,010

I

QAA

1 190

1,430

1,750

1,580

1,580 i ££n

2,120

1,750

1,750

I

onn

1,090 

1,190

1,090 

1,090

1 1QO,

1,190 

1,190

1,090 

1,190 

1,190

1,300 

1,300 

1,300

1,430 

1,090 

1,300

Aug.

1,930

1,430

1,580

1 QOrt

I

con

860

1,750 

i ££n

1,190

1 3Aft

ftfin

1,010

ftOA

1,010

1,430

1,580

1,750

1,010

1,580

1,430

1,430

2,120 

1,930

Sept.

1,750

- 2 120

2 320

1^930

1,580

S

oon

3,410

3,180

2,530

2 19O,

1 Vt\C\

2 con

2

10ft

2

qon

2 con

2 con

I

QAA

3,410

3

1 QA

1 1QO,

1,090

2,120

1,930

2,530

l'930

2,120
TOPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIF. 133

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years 

ending Sept. 30, 1910-1913 Continued.

Day.

1911-12. 

1.............. 

2.............. 

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8.............. 

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..:...........

13.............. 

14..............

15..............

16.............. 

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22.............. 

23..............

24..............

25..............

26.............. 

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

1912-13. 

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10...............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2,220 

2,320 

4,350

7,280

7,280

21,600

33,400

33,000 

25,400

18,000

14,600

10,200

7,280 

7,280

7,000

8,420 

16,300

18,400

20,200 

16,600

14,600

13,000

W 9ftft

9 87ft

8,420

7,280 

7,000

7,000

4,600 

4,350

4,350

/

Nov.

4,350 

3,300 

2,220

2,220

2 09ft

2 220

2,220 

2,320

2,320

2,320

2,320 

2,220

2,220 

2,220

.......

Dec.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Jan.

.......

.......

.......

.......

Feb.

.......

V

.......

.......

.......

.......

Mar.

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

Apr.

4,850 

5,110 

6,170

6,170

9,000

13,600

1 7 Qflft

22,400 

21,300

17,300

14,600

13,000

12,300 

12,000

12,600

13,300 

14,600

12,000

12,000 

10,500

9,000

12,300 

17,000

16,300

13,000

13,000 

14,200

16,300

17,000 

14,600

13,600

20,500

31,100

35,000

31,100

23,500

22,400

18,700

17,000

14,600

13,900

11,400

13,600

16,300

17,300

20,500

18,000

22,800

21,600

19,800

18,000

17,000

17,000

16,300

16.300

15,600

10 QAA

13,000

13,000

May.

12,300 

10,800 

9,870

11,400

20,500

28,800

OO QAA

23,900 

19,800

15,600

13,000

10,500

9,580 

8,130

7,280

7,000 

6,440

7,000

6,170 

6,440

6,170

6,440 

23,500

27,600

20,500

14,900 

12,000

20,500

23,500 

20,500

16,300

11,400

11,400

9,870

9,290

9,290

8,420

7,560

7,000

6,440

5,630

6,170

6,170

5,110

5,110

5,110

6,170

7,8*0

10,800

12,000

12,000

13,000

17,300

19,100

17,300

10 Q/V\

10 AAA

10,800

9,000

9

OQA

9,870

9,870

June.

10,800 

9,870 

9,290

7,560

7,560

7,000

fi 44ft

5,900 

5,900

4,850

4,350

3,870

3,520 

3,640

3,870

3,640 

3,990

4,110

5,110 

4,850

4,850

4,350 

3,870

3,870

3,870

3,410 

3,070

2,850

2,640 

2,120

9,870

9,870

8,420

9,420

7,000

5,110

5,110

9,870

9,290

7,840

7,000

6,440

6,170

5,630

5,110

5,110

4,350

4,350

4,350

4,350

3,870

3,180

2,850

2,860

2,420

2,420

2,120

2,120

2,120

July.

2,530 

2,120 

2,120

2,960

2,530

2,120

2 120

2, 120 

2,120

2,530

2,120

2,120

2,740 

2,530

2,530

2,120 

2,120

1,930

,930 

,930

,580

,580 

,580

2,530

3,870

12,300 

9,000

6,170

5,110 

3,640

3,180

2,120

2,120

1,500

2,120

7,840

22,400

20,500

16,300

13,600

13,600

12,300

12,300

9,870

9,870

9,290

8,420

9,000

7,840

7,560

8,420

7,560

6,440

5,110

4,850

4,850

d 3<%ft

4,350

4,850

7,000

7,560

8,420

Aug.

.......

.......

.......

.......

7,000

4,850

4,350

4,350

3,870

3,640

3,180

3,180

2,850

2,850

2,420

2,420

2,850

2,850

2,420

2,120

2,120

2,120

3,180

7,840

7,840

7,840

6,170

5,630

4,350

4,350

3,640

3,640

2,850

2,420'

3,180

Sept.

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

3,180

2,420

2,420

3,180

3,870

3,180

3,640

2,850

2,850

2,850

2,850

2,420

2,420

2,420

2,420

2,420

2,420

2,120

1,840

2,120

2,420

3,180

3,180

3,640

3 (\Af\

4,850

5,110

5,630

5,110

4,350

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly, well defined above 1,930 second-feet (gage 

height 0.9 foot). Below 1,930 second-feet the rating curve is simply an extension and estimates of discharge below this value should therefore be used with extreme caution. See " Gage," in station description.
134 STTBFACE WATER SUPPLY, IMS, PAET V.

Monthly discharge of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years ending Sept.

30, 1888-1913.

Month.

1888. 

July.... .......................................................

1888-89. 

October. .......................................................

May.... .......................................................

July...........................................................

1889-90. 

October ........................................................

April 4-30........................................ ..............

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1890-91.

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1891-92.

April..... .....................................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1892-93.

April 3-30.................... ..................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1893-94.

March 5-31.....................................................

April..........................................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1894-95.

April.... ......................................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

September. . ...................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

24,200 

15,900 

5,110

4,850 

18,400 

22,800 

19,800 

17,000 

13,000 

17,000

2,120 

27,200 

21,600 

19,800 

13,300 

14,600 

14,600

20,200 5,110' 

27,200 

17,700 

14,600 

12,300 

3,870 

5,110

13,900 

2,000 

20,500 

35,800 

28,800 

19, 100 

14,900 

2,740

1,300 

1,090 

27,600 

38,200 

16,600 

15,900 

3,180 

1,190

19.800 

22,400 

32,700 

47,300 

18,400 

2,530 

1,750 

1,190

3,180

3,180 

10,800 

17,700 

19, 100 

13,900 

14,600 

15,900

JvruiiiTiTim2,960 

3,640 

2,740

1,750 

3,180 

3,870 

2,120 

1,430 

1,090 

1,300

860 

5,630 

1,300 

1,580 

1,580 

1,750 

1,930

1,750 

1,580 

7,840 

2,000 

1,300 

860 

860 

670

730 

1,010 

1,300 

1,010

7,560 

1,010 

860 

1,010

860 

1,010 

6,440 

10,800 

860 

930 

1.010 

930

860 

5.510 

4,850 

7,280 

860 

860 

.860 

860

860 

1,090 

1,010 

1,010 

860 

1,010 

570 

570

Mean.

6,620 

8,330 

3,310

3,240

6,580 

11,300 

9,500 

4,730 

2,580 

2,740

1,380

15,400 

8,630 

10,500 

4,320 

5,750 

6,800

4,940 

2,510 

19,900 

6,930 

3,870 

1,860 

1,300 

979

2,180 

1,190

8,170 

16, 100 

13,400 

7,550 

2,600 

1,530

1,020 

1,070 

15,300 

21,100 

6,030 

3,970 

1,320 

1,020

2,610 

10,200 

15,200 

18,900 

4,610 

1,360 

1,120 

1,030

1,180 

2,280 

2,210 

 7,850 

8,880 

5,040 

2,420 

4.320

Accuracy.

'..'..'.'.
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 135

Monthly discharge of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis. ,for the years ending Sept. 

30, 1888-1913 Continued.

Month.

1895-96.

April 13-30... ..................................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1896-97. 

October........................................................

March 20-31... .................................................

May..

July...........................................................

1897-98.

April...........................................................

Mav

July............................................................

1898-99.

May............................................................

July.............................................................

1899-1900.

May

July...........................................................

1900-01. 

October........................................................

March 26-31.. ..................................................

April...........................................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1901-02. 

October........................................................

March 10-31....................................................

April...........................................................

July...........................................................

Seo tember .....................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

12,300 

1,010 

39,000 

23,500 

16,300 

13,600 

9,580 

5,370

5,630 

10,200 

46,500 

60,100 

22,000 

26,500 

20,500 

13,600 

16,300

17,300 

2,530 

14,600 

19,100 

17,700 

13,900 

5,900 

2,120

3,180 

2,120 

26,200 

27,200 

20,400 

15,500 

18,400 

10,600

20,800 

5,950 

40,400 

17,500 

10,700 

23,300 

29,800 

44,800

45,500 

31,300 

9,800 

21,300 

17,300 

16,600 

15,000 

18,400 

6,850

16,600 

5,510 

8,060 

23,300

17,000 

23,300 

15,000 

8,420 

8,780

Minimum.

730 

670 

11,700 

7,000 

4,350 

1,750 

860 

860

1,300 

4,350 

24,600 

10,800 

3,180 

5,630 

1,750 

1,300 

1,090

1,750 

2,120 

4,350 

3,180 

2,530 

1,010 

1,300 

1,300

1,580 

1,750 

5,110 

3,870 

3,870 

570 

1,660 

1,800

1,300 

2,560 

4,690 

2,560 

1,660 

2,120 

3,110 

5,510

4,280

4,880 

7,950 

5,510 

3,110 

2,030 

1,700 

2,030 

2,030

1,300 

2,030 

3,680 

2,030 

3,870 

2,000 

1,700 

1,540 

1,700

Mean.

1,680 

903 

26,700 

15,100 

9,820 

4,590 

2,900 

2,310

2,020 

8,160 

28,900 

21,700 

10,200 

13,100 

6,860 

5,360 

3,550

3,810 

2,380 

6,940 

7,650 

7,860 

5,040 

2,460 

" 860

2,220 

1,790 

12,700 

13,100 

10,600 

3,940 

3,540 

2,710

4,710 

3,480 

16,000 

7,180 

2,610 

6,810 

9,800 

17,700

15,600 

11,500 

8,870 

14,800 

6,480 

5,210 

7,900 

5,490 

3,030

5,270 

3,710 

6,330 

6,830 

9,470 

6,960 

5,160 

2,250 

2,300

Accuracy.

---- 
136 SURFACE WATER, SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years ending Sept.

SO, 1888-1913 Continued.

Month.

1902-03.

March 18-31 .....................................................

April...........................................................

MSy.. .........................................................

July............................................................

1903-04.

April 6-30.. ....................................................

May...........................................................

July. ....................................................

1904-05.

April........... ...............................................

July...........................................................

1905-06.

April..........................................................

July...........................................................

1906-07.

March, 17-31...................................................

July...........................................................

1907-08.

March.................. ... . ........

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

September .....................................................

The year. ...............................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

6,630 

28,200 

3,870 

32,800 

26,600 

41,900 

25,600 

34,700 

22,600 

45,900

24,200 

4,280 

20,500 

33,300 

21,400 

20,400 

11,500 

23,300

39,600 

13,900 

30,200 

25,400 

26,600 

64,400 

27,000 

8,600 

22,300

14,700 

6,160 

5,510 

38,500 

22,000 

24,100 

13,000 

16,800 

19,400

13,300 

9,290 

36,400 

30,200 

18,800 

9,800 

8,300 

2,670 

32,300

6,300 

3,110

3,800

27,800 

24,200 

18,400 

5,260 

4,040 

2,670

27,800

Minimum.

1,700 

4,000 

2,030 

8,300 

6,630 

13,700 

1,300 

2,030 

3,000 

4,280

4,280 

2,560 

8,540 

6,850 

4,280 

3,000 

1,300 

1,300

3,110

2,560 

4,280 

2,450 

4,760 

4,760 

3,110 

2,450 

3,340

2,560 

3,680 

4,280 

10,300 

3,110 

2,000 

1,700 

1,870 

1,700

2,030 

4,280 

3,570 

6,300 

8,000 

4,520 

2,030 

1,750 

1,430

2,240 

1,830

2,890 

7,710 

4,040 

2,670 

2,030 

1,430

Mean.

2,520 

9,890 

2,730 

17,100 

10,200 

22,700 

7,050 

12,400 

6,900 

16,400

11,700 

3,330 

12,900 

15,100 

11,000 

7,220 

2,900 

7,380

14,600 

4,690 

14,900 

9,720 

11,800 

21,600 

9,530 

4,780 

7,650

7,890 

4,870 

4,630 

23,400 

11,400 

8,660 

4,660 

5,820 

5,930

5,780 

7,050 

15,200 

13,900 

11,400 

6,280 

3,970 

2,230 

8,220

3,240 

2,630 

1,600 

1,360 

1,300 

1,950 

12,300 

15,700 

8,880 

3,670 

2,730 

1,990

4,780

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

A. 

A.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

A. 

A. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER ftRAMAGB BASIN.

Monthly discharge of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.,for the years ending Sept. 

30, 1888-1913 Continued.

Month.

1908-09.

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

September .....................................................

The year. ................................................

1909-10.

April..........................................................

July...........................................................

September. ....................................................

1910-11. 

October. .......................................................

January.. ......................................................

March... . ......................................................

April...........................................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1911-12. 

October. . ......................................................

November 1-16. ................................................

April...........................................................

May........... .................................................

June............................. ......................... ..

July............................................................

1912-13. 

April.. .........................................................

May...... ......................................................

July............................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,890 

2,890

16,600

26,200 

21,900 

9,800 

6,300 

3,110

26,200

4,110 

21,300 

10,500 

7,000 

3,300 

8,130 

9,580 

9,8'0 

9,290 

2,7*0 

2,120 

3,410

21,300

2,640 

1,580 

1,750 

2,120 

1,930 

6,440 

8,420 

11,400 

10,200 

2,120

33,400 

4,350 

22,400 

28,800 

10,800 

12,300

35,000 

19,100 

9,870 

22,400 

7,840 

5,630

Minimum.

1,580 

1,750

4,760 

3,800 

1,830 

2,030 

1,750

1,840 

3,870 

5,630 

3, 0^0 

2,320 

2,7*0 

3,180 

2,120 

1,580 

460 

860 

1,090

460

1,300 

1,300 

1,300 

1,580 

1,580 

1,580 

2,530 

2.740 

1,300 

1,090

2,220 

2,220 

4,850 

6,170 

2,120 

1,580

11,400 

5,110 

2,120 

1,500 

2,120 

1,840

Mean.

2,200 

2,210 

1,500 

1,360 

1,180 

1,250 

7,820 

15,200 

8,020 

4,060 

3,600 

2,360

4,250

3,000 

9,700 

6,940 

5,110 

2,750 

4,810 

5,640 

5,180 

2,870 

1,200 

1,450 

2,200

4,240

1,990 

1,460 

1,430 

1,630 

1,680 

3,210 

5,160 

5,310 

3,520 

1,410

12,000 

2,450 

13,100 

14,700 

5,030 

3,090

18,800 

9,850 

5,380 

8,460 

3,950 

3,170

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

D. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

A. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

B. 

D. 

C. 

B.

B. 

C. 

C. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C.

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B.

A. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

B. 

B.

NOTE. Monthly discharge values for the years ending Sept. 30, 1899-1909 differ from those previously 

published in the United States Geological Survey Water Supply Papers on account of revising the daily 

discharge estimates for stages below, gage height 0.8 foot.
138 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

BED CEDAR RIVER AT CEDAR FALLS, WIS.

Location. At a highway bridge in the vicinity of Cedar Palls, Wis., immediately 

below the power plant of the Chippewa Valley Railway, Light & Power Co., 4J 

miles above the crossing of the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway.

Records available. April 1, 1909, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. Not measured.

Gage. Staff gage fastened to bridge pier; read morning and evening to tenths.

Channel and control. Heavy gravel and probably permanent.

Discharge measurements. None have been made at this station.

Winter flow. Practically no ice forms in the vicinity of the gage, owing to high 

temperature of the water coming from the reservoir.

Regulation. Daily fluctuations caused by operation of the power plant above the

Cooperation. All gage heights furnished by the Chippewa Valley Railway, Light 

& Power Co.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Red Cedar River at Cedar Falls, Wis., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

(Frank Wilkinson, observer.]

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4... ...........

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

%...... .........

22..............

23..............

24..............

25...... ........

26..............

27..............

28..............

29. .............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

Nov.

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.3

Dec.

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.4

2.3

2.35

2.4

2.4

2.4

0.6

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.5

al.6

2.5

2.5

Jan.

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.0

2.4

2.4

O C

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.1

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.0

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.4

Feb.

2.6

2.0

2.6

n £

2.5

2.5

2.4

2

AK

1.6

2.5

2.4

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.5

1.6

2.4

2.4

2.45

2.45

2.4

2.5

1.8

2.3

2.45

2.4

2.45

2.4

Mar.

2.5

2.0

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.45

9 ^

2.0

2.8

2.55

3.35

3.8

4.4

4.4

3.95

3.8

3.35

3.25

4.05

4.1

3.9

4.15

4.4

4.4

4.15

4.1

3.9

4.2

5.1

Apr.

5.5

5.55

5.6

5.75

5.55

4.8

4.35

4.15

3.85

3.3

3.6

3.7

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.35

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.2

2.8

3.1

3.1

3.0

May.

2.9

2.9

3.0

2.5

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.75

2.7

2.7

2.0

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.75

2.95

3.05

3.3

3.45

3.6

4.0

4.05

4.0

3.8

3.45

3.35

3.3

3.25

3.2

3.1

3.0

June.

2.8

2.9

2.85

2.8

2.8

2.75

2.7

2.65

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.25

2.65

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.4

2.6

July.

2.3

2.0

2.0

1.45

2.1

4.0

4.2

3.9

3.55

3.2

3.0

3.2

2.6

2.9

3.0

3.0

3.1

3.1

3.1

2.7

2.65

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.4

2.6

2.9

2.65

2.55

Aug.

2.55

2.5

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.45

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.45

2.25

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

Sept.

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.4

9 i

2.4

2.4

 2.4

2.5

2.4

2.1

2.4

2.35

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.3

2.4

2,4

a Turbines in power house above the station shut down. 

NOTE. Discharge relation probably not affected by ice during the year ending Sept. 30,1913.

RED CEDAR RIVER AT MENOMINEE, WIS.

Location. About 900 feet below the power house of the Wisconsin & Minnesota 

Light & Power Co., about 13 miles above confluence of Red Cedar and Chippewa 

rivers. Wilson Creek discharges from the right into service reservoir just above 

station.

Records available. June 16, 1907, to September 5, 1908; May 9 to September 30, 

1913.
tTPPEB MISSISSIPPI fetVEfl DSA1NAGE BASIN. ISO

Drainage area. 1,810 square miles.

Gage. Barrett & Lawrence recording gage installed May 9,1913, over wooden intake 

and well on the right bank of the river about 1 mile above highway bridge located 

about 200 rods west of the Chicago & Northwestern Railway station west of Menominee. Gage used from June 16, 1907, to September 5, 1908, was attached to 

this bridge. No determined relation between datums of the gages.

Channel and control. Heavy gravel and rock; practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from highway bridge to which old ^gage was 

fastened.

Winter flow. Discharge relation not affected by ice, as the relatively high temperature of the water coming from the service reservoir immediately above the gage 

prevents ice from forming on the control section below.

Regulation. Flow controlled by dams at Menominee and at Cedar Falls, also by 

natural storage in the headwaters. Operation of the power plants of the Chippewa 

Valley Railway, Light & Power Co., at Menominee and Cedar Falls and of smaller 

plants on the tributaries to Red Cedar River above Menominee causes considerable 

diurnal fluctuation in stage.

Accuracy. Records excellent, as rating curve has been carefully developed and the 

recording gage enables the mean stage to be accurately determined.

Cooperation. Recording gage installed and gage heights furnished by Wisconsin & 

Minnesota Light & Power Co. Discharge measurements and computations made 

by United States Geological Survey in cooperation with Railroad Commission of 

Wisconsin.

Discharge measurements of Red Cedar River at Menominee, Wis,, during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Mar. 18

18 

20

Made by 

W. G.Hoyt............

.....do................. S.B.SOUW....... ......

a Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.22

2.52 

3.42

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

667

1,060 

2,350

Date.

Mar. 20

May 7

Made by 

.....do.................

a Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.80

2.78

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

3,070

1,410

a Hook gage located at the recording gage.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Red Cedar River at Menominee, Wis., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

[B. & L. recording gage.]

Day.

1.......

2.......

3.......

4. ......

5.......

6.......

7.......

9.......

TO.......

11.......

19

1Q

14.......

16.

May.

2.12

2.52

2.45

2.49

2.62

2.56

2.60

June.

2.88

2.83

2.77

2.52

2.44

2.53

2.52

2.45

2.67

2.53

2.41

2.36

2.40

2.39

2.10

July.

2.51

2.44

2.34

2.26

2.73

3.93

3.90

3.77

3.48

3.05

2.91

2.88

2.48

2.85

2.93

Aug.

2.56

2.49

2.23

2.35

2.33

2.36

2.37

2 A**

o 47

2.20

2.42

2.42

2.31

2.42

2.52

Sept.

2.25

2.45

2.48

2.43

2.49

2.54

2.30

2.46

2.46

2.47

2.39

2.30

2 56

2.27

Day.

16.......

17.......

18.......

19.......

20.......

21.......

22.......

23.......

24.......

25.......

26.......

27.......

28.......

29.......

30.......

31.......

May.

2.80

2.74

3.15

3.34

3.46

3.29

3.82

3.36

3.36

3.20

3.19

3.09

3.02

2.87

3 (W

3.21

June.

2.60

2.64

2.52

2.41

2.40

2.43

2.12

2.34

2.50

2.50

2.44

2.38

2.54

2.49

2.46

July.

2.90

2.92

2.88

2.83

2.54

2.69

2.57

2.53

2.57

2.61

2.56

2.27

2.48

2.58

2.51

2.73

Aug.

2.50

2.43

2.30

2.35

2.36

2.49

2.49

2.54

2.29

2.55

2.58

2

iu>

2.53

2.47

2 44

2.13

Sept.

2.51

2 4.fi

2.37

2.44

2 49

2

<M2

2 49

2 JO

2.45

2.41

2.56

2 R9

2.12

2.46

2.42
140 SURFACE WAfER SUPPLY, l9l3, PARf

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Red Cedar River at Menominee, Wis.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1.......

2.......

3.......

4.......

5.......

6.......

7.......

8.......

9.......

10.......

11.......

12.......

13.......

14.......

11

May.

554

1,050

955

1,010

1,180

1,120

1,150

June.

1,550

1,480

1,390

1,050

Q4n

1,060

1,050

955

1,250

1,060

903

842

890

878

con

July.

1,030

942

818

720

1,330

3,330

3,260

3,010

2,490

1,800

1,600

1,550

990

1,500

1,620

Aug.

1,100

1,010

686

830

806

842

854

916

981

660

916

916

782

916

1,050

Sept. '

710

955

994

929

1,010

1,070

770

QAO

968

QQt

878

770

1,120

734

942

Day.

16.......

17.......

to

19.......

20.......

21.......

22.......

23.......

24.......

oe

26.......

97

28.......

29.......

Oft

31.......

May.

1,430

1,350

1,960

2,250

2,450

2,170

3,110

2,290

2,290

2,030

2,020

1,860

1,760

1,540

1,840

2,050

June.

1,150

1,210

1,050

903

onn

929

554

818

1 020

1,020

866

1,070

1,010

968

July.

1,580

1,610

1,550

1,480

1,070

1,280

1,110

1 060

1,110

1,160

1,100

734

994

1,120

1,030

1,330

Aug.

1,020

929

830

1,010

1.010

1,070

758

1,080

1,120

1,100

1 '991 060

942

566

Sept.

1,030

988

sw

942

Gift

746

1,010

QO4

952

QAO

1,120

1,050

554

968

Qlft

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 530 and 7,730 second-feet 

(gage heights 2.1 to 5.7 feet).

Monthly discharge of Red Cedar River at Menomonie, Wis., for the year ending ,

Sept. 30, 1913. 

[Drainage area, 1,810 square miles.]

Month.

May 9-31....... .........................

July.....................................

Discharge iu second-feet.

Maximum.

3,110

1,550 

3,300 

1,120 

1,120

Minimum.

554 

530 

720 

566 

554

Mean.

1,710 

1,010 

1,460 

915 

925

Per 

square 

mile.

0.945 

.558 

.807 

.506 

.511

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.81 

.62 

.93

.58 

.57

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

ZUMBRO RIVER AT ZUMBRO FALLS, MINN.

Location. At the highway bridge at Zumbro Falls, about 8 miles below mouth of 

South Branch.

Eecords available. June 8, 1909, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 1,120 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge; read twice daily to hundredths. Limits of 

use: Hundredths below 5.0, half-tenths from 5.0 to 6.5, and tenths above 6.5 feet.

Channel and control. Slightly shifting.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge.

Winter flow. For a short time during and following an extremely cold period, ice 

forming below the gage causes backwater. The river is fed, however, by springs 

in the vicinity of the gage and the warmer water gradually wears away the ice. 

Gage is read daily during the winter and close inspection of gage heights and temperature records furnish basis for necessary corrections to estimates of daily discharge.

Maximum flow. The high water of June, 1908, is marked by a spike in a telegraph 

pole near the railroad station at Zumbro Falls. This spike is 26.7 feet above the 

datum of the gage. The high water of April, 1888, reached a stage of approximately 29.7, as shown by a mark not so well defined as that of the flood of 1908.

Regulation. The effect of slight artificial regulation at the small power plants above 

Zumbro Falls is not observable at the gage.

Discharge measurements of Zumbro River at Zumbro Falls, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Feb. 7

Apr. 1

Made by 

S. B. Soule1 .............

W. G. Hoyt...... ......

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

4.86

6.12

6.12

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

oi24

586

576

Date.

June 26

26

Made by 

Hoyt & Peterson. ......

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

10.10

5.01

5.01

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

62,930

199

195

o About one-fourth ice cover at gage; very little ice at control. *> Measurement made by surface method.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 141

Daily gage height, in feet, of Zumbro River at Zumbro Falls, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913. 

[A. H. Sugg, observer.]

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

S4..... .........

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12.............. 

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

4.98

4 98

4.96

4.90

4.94

4.92

4 89

4 Qc

4 on

A Q4

A Qfi

5.05

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.15

5 1

5

1

5.1

5.05

5.05

5.05

5.05

5 n

5.0

5.0

5 n>i

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Nov.

5.0

4.99

5.0

4.99

4.99

4.95

4.99

4 96

A QQ

4 OS

4 OS

5.0

5.15

5.35

5.4

5

9«;

5 9

5.15

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.05

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.05

5.0

4.98

Dec.

5.1

5.1

5.0

5.05

5.1

5.15

4.95

6.05

5.9

"5." 4"

5.2

5.05

5.0

5.0

4.99

5.0

4.96

4.75

4.75

4.86

4.95

E 0

4.96

4.92

4.91

4.95

4.85

4.99

Jan.

4.90

A on

4.85

4.85

4.80

4.80

4.85

A nn

4 90

4.85

4.85

4.85 

4.85

4.85

4.85

4.85

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.95

4.90

4.90

4.90 4 on

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.95

5.1

Feb.

5.0

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4 on

4 on

4 90

5.0

5.0 

4.80

4.80

4.90

4.90

4.90

5.1

5.45

>\ 9

5.1

4.80

4.85

4.90

5.0

5.0

4.95

4.90

Mar.

4.90

4 89

4 86

4.89

4.90

4 89

4 no

7 R

n o

11.0

9.5 

8.2

10.6

8.7

7.5

6.4

6.2

6.9

6.8

6.2

5.7

5.9

12.4

10.4

8.0

6.8

6.5

6.6

6

E

6.3

Apr.

6.2

6 Q

7.5

6.9

6.4

6.05

5.85

5.75

E. 7

5 7

E. 7H

6.2 

6.5

6.3

6.0

5.8

5.7

5.6

5.55

5.45

n 4<;

5.5

5.4

5 4

5.4

E A

5.3

5.35

5.3

5.25

May.

5.2

5.2

5.25

5.3

5.35

5.35

5.25

>\ 9

5.2

n in

5.15 

5.2

5.2

5.5

5 9

6.3

6.6

6.45

6.25

6

E

6.6

6.4

6.1

5.9

5.8

5.7

5.7

5.6

5

C

E 4

June. -

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.15

5.15

5 1

5 0

5.0

4.96

4.98 

5.0

4.96

4.88

4.81

4.82

4.81

4.80

5.0

4.96

4.95

4.94

5.1

9.7

9 7

7 Q

7.0

6.3

5.85

-July.

5.75

5.6

n n

5.75

6.2

6.6

6.15

5.8

5.6

5.5

5.5

5.55 

5.6

5.65

5.8

5

E

E 4

5.35

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.1

5.15

5.1

5 1

5.0

5.0

5.6

5 7

5.5

-Ang.-

5.25

5.15

5.1

5.05

5.0

4.99.

5.0

4.98

5.0

5.05

5.4

5.35 

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.05

5.0

4.98

5.0

5.0

5.4

5.05

5.0

5.0

4.99

4.98

4.99

4.96

4.90

4.%

4.90

Sept.

4:88

4.90

4.92

4.91

4.86

4.80

4.80

4.80

4.85

4.85

4.92

4.84 

4.85

4.85

4.79

4.78

4.80

4.81

5.0

5.0

4.90

4.84

4.86

4.94

5.0

4.98

4.98

4.94

4.94

4.92

NOTE. Discharge relation probably affected by ice about Dec. 4-15, Jan. 7 to Feb. 14, and Feb. 23 to 

Mar. 8.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Zumbro River at Zumbro Falls, Minn., for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1..... .........

3..............

4..............

5. .............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19

20..............

21..............

99

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

186

186

183

172

179

176

170

181

170

183

200

232

OOO

232

991

91 ft

210

210

9on

200

9on

200

190

190

190

200

190

190

190

190

Nov.

190

188

190

188

188

181

183

186

186

190

221

OfiQ

282

244

9OO

991

900

91 H

210

210

210

200

190

190

190

200

190

186

Dec.

210

9ift

190

190

190

188

190

ICO

149

149

166

181 ion

ICO

176

174

164

188

Jan.

164

156

156

150

150

Feb.

164

164

164

206

*mo

oqo

206

150

Mar.

.

1,400

3 77ft

3,610

2 4Sft

3

q/v>

1 Q4ft

1 94A

A(1Q

612

nqn

009

612

414

490

4,730

3,140

1,520

882

749

700

742

654

Apr.

612

QOA

1 94ft 

Q3H

698

550

471

433

414

414

4qO

ft19

749

654

con

452

414

378

QCfi

QOR

qoc

049

308

308

308

3ftR

97ft

97ft

261

May.

94fi

246

Oftl

9'7R

909

ono

276

261

94ft

94ft

909

909

94ft

246

349

4on

654

788

7OA

633

742

»7QO

698

K.7O.

490

4^9

414

378

342

QAQ

June.

276

97fi

94fi

246

246

232

909

218

IQO

185

189

193

185

IRQ

158

15Q

158 i jgg

185

1 89

180

218

2J620

2L620

11 460

980

471

July.

433

Q7Q

Q49

433

612

788

CQ1

4^9

Q7R

Q49

349

3fift

378

QQft

452

349

OAR

292

97A

94ft

246

246

939

218

91 fi

37R

414

342

Aug.

261

939

206

193

191

103

189

1Q3

206

308

909

276

246 OIQ

193

189

193

qns

*9flfi

193

1 SO

185

172

182

Sept.

169

176

174

. 166

156

156

156

164

164

176

1«9

164

164

155

154

1 %f\

158

172

IftO

166

180

193

IRQ

189

180

180

176

NOTE. Daily discharge Oct. 1 to Dec. 31 computed from a fairly well definisd rating curve. Daily discharge Mar. 9 to Sept. 30 computed from a rating curve well defined between 151 i and 3,610 second-feet (gage 

heights 4.8 and 11.0 feet). Discharge estimated, because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, discharge measurements, and climatic records as follows: Dec. 4-15,185 second-feel;; Jan. 7-31,140 second-feet; 

Feb. 1-14,127 second-feet; Feb. 23-28,136 second-feet; and Mar. 1-8,160 second-feet.
142 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of Zumbro River at Zumbro Falls, Minn.,for the years ending Sept.

30, 1912-13.

[Drainage area, 1,120 square miles.]

Month.

1912.

May....................................

July.:..................................

1913.

December. ..............................

January. ................................

March. ..................................

April....................................

May....................................

July....................................

September. .............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

8,340 

520 

3,840

269 

5,200 

2,320 

5,860 

442 

462 

442 

232

8 q dO

232

282

308 

4,730

1,240

788 

2,620 

788 

308 

192

4,730

Minimum.

147 

200 

202

232 

221 

566 

325 

210 

200 

190 

176

170 

181

261 

232 

156 

193 

172 

154

Mean.

1,500 

350 

573 

245 

242 

993 

1,200 

 846 

294 

303 

241 

198

585

195 

204 

183 

143 

149 

1,240 

487 

414 

456 

356 

212 

170

353

Per

square 

mile.

1.34 

.312 

.512 

.219 

.216 

.887 

1.07 

.755 

.262 

.271 

.215 

.177

.522

.174 

.182 

.163 

.128 

.133 

1.11 

.435 

.370 

.407 

.318 

.189 

.152

.315

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.54 

.35 

.59 

.25 

.23 

1.02 

1.19 

.87 

.29 

.31 

.25 

.20

7.09

.20 

.20 

.19 

.15 

.14 

1.28 

.49 

.43 

.45 

.37 

.22 

.17

4.29

Accuracy.

B. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

A. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Estimates of "Discharge in second-feet per square mile" and "Run-off (depth in.inches)" for 

1912 supersede those published m Water-Supply Paper 325. which were computed from an erroneous 

value of the drainage area. Estimates for October, November, and December, 1911, are republished to 

complete the data for the climatic year.

SOUTH BRANCH OF ZUMBRO RIVER NEAR ZUMBRO FALLS, MINN.

Location. In sec. 22, T. 109 N., R. 14 W., at the WoodviUe Bridge, 1J miles above

mouth of river, 6 miles below mouth of Middle Branch. 

Records available. June 16, 1911, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 821 square miles. 

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge; read morning and evening to quarter-tenths

Limits of use: Hundredths below 2.5, half-tenths from 2.5 to 3.5, and tenths above

3.5 feet. 

Channel and control. Well-defined riffie a short distance below gage; channel

practically permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from highway bridge. 

Winter flow. River freezes over in vicinity of gage, but rapids below remain partly

open, so that backwater effect is small. Discharge measurements are made to

aid in making estimates for the winter period. 

Regulation. Flow at gage not noticeably affected by operation of small power plants

above.
UPPEB MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 14S

Discharge measurements of South Branch of Zumbro River near Zwribro Falls, Minn., 

during the year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Feb. 6

Apr. 2

Made by 

S. B. Soule1 .............

W. G. Hoyt............

height.

Feet. 

2.14

2.67

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

o82

363

Date.

Sept. 25

Made by 

S. B. Soul<5.............

£6.

Feel. 

7.18

2.00

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

63,500

136

a Almost completely frozen over at control. 

6 Velocity determined by surface method.

Daily gage height, in feet, of South Branch of Zumbro River near Zumbro Falls, Minn., 

for the year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

[W. M. Whipple, observer.]

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8.............. 

9..............

10..............

11..............

12.............. 

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21.............. 

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26.............. 

27..............

28.............. 

29..............

30..............

81..............

Oct.

1.96

1.96

1.99

1.94

1.94

1.99

2.01

1.96 

1.99

1.99

1.96

2.06 

2.19

2.14

2.09

2.08

2.09

2.06

2.01

2.01

2.04 

2.01

2.01

2.01

1.98

1.99 

2.00

1.99 

2.01

1.99

1.96

Nov.

1.99

1.99

1.99

1.99

1.96

1.94

1.96

1.94 

1.96

1.94

1.94

1.99 

2.08

2.19

2.14

2.14

2.09

2.04

2.05

2.06

2.01 

2.01

2.04

2.01

1.99

1.99 

1.99

2.01 

1.96

2.00

Dec.

2.01

2.06

9 OQ

2 04

,2.01

2.04

2.04

1.99 

2.01

2 01

2.02

1.94 

1 91

1.96

1.99

1 96

1 QQ

1.96

1.99

1 95

i ft*> 1. Oa

1 01

1 Qi

1.96 

1.91

1 tU

1.89

1 84

1.86

1 91

Jan.

1 94

1 89

1 84

1.89

1.86

1 5*4

1.85

.......

2.25

.......

O 1

.......

.......

2.12

Feb.

2.15

.......

*2.2

2.28

"2."i5"

Mar.

2 12

3.7 

7.2

6.5

6.6

5.4 

4 7

5.6

4.8

3.3

*> Q

2.85

3.15

3.1

2.65 

2 49

2.38

8.2

6.2

4.2 

3.3

3.1

3.0

2.95

2.8

Apr.

2.75

2.7

o QK

3.05

2.85

2.65

2.48

2.34 

2.13

2.10

2.48

2.7 

2.9

2.55

2.45

2.38

2.33

2.28

2.23

2.19 

2 19

2.23

2 19

2.19

2.19 

2.19

2.19 

2.22

2.22

May.

2.18

2.19

2.18

2.18

2.21

2.18

2.18

2.18 

2.16

2.12

2.13

2.09

2.08

2.06

2.41

2.65

O q

3.05

2.8

2.7

2.95 

3.05

0 OK

2.65

2.55 

2.45

9 41

2.36

9 HI

2.27

2.27

June.

9 9*1

2.16

9 14

2.11

2.13

2.09

9 ftfi

2.00 

1.98

1.99

1.98

2.00 

2.03

2.03

1 QS

1 95

1 <K

1.95

1 <>7

2.04

1.98

1.95

2.43

6.1

5.S 

4..2

3.4

2.85

2.65

July.

2.55

2.38

2.31

2.42

2.6

3.2

2.8

2.55 

2.38

2.28

2.25

2.32

9 W\

2.5

2.55

2.31

2 26

2.19

2.14

2.10

2.11

2.09

2.06

2.05

2.05

2.06 

2.06

2,02

2.85

2.44

2.35

Aug.

2.18

2.11

2.06

2.04

2.06

2.01

2.01

2.08 

2.06

2.20

2.35

2.24 

2.19

2.14

2.10

2.06

2.05

2.02

2.02

2.01

2.24

2.04

2.01

2.00

1.99

1.99 

2.01

1.95 

1.96

1.95

1 Q1

Sept.

1.92

1 (M

L96

1 Oft

1.94

1.98

1 Qfi

1.94 

1.99

1 Qfi

1 QQ

1.96

1 (M

1 <U

1.91

1.91

1 Q1

1.91

1.98

2.01

1.96 

1.94

1 (M

2.04

2.04

2.01 

2.01

2.01 

1.96

1.99

NOTE. Discharge relation probably afEected by ice about Jan. 9 to Mar. 9.
144 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Branch of Zumbro River near Zumbro Falls 

Minn.,for the year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8. . ......... ...

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13-........---..

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

103

103

112

96

96

112

118

103

112

112

103

135

180

162

145

141

145

135

118

118

128

118

118

118

109

112

115

112

118

112

103

Nov.

112

112

112

112

103

96

103

96

103

96

Qfi

112

141

180

162

162

145

128

132

135

118

118

128

118

112

112

112

118

103

115

Dec.

118

135

145

128

118

128

128

112

118

118

122

96

87

103

112

103

112

103

112

100

66

87

Qfi

90

103

87

96

82

71

71

87

Jan.

Oft

82

71

71

82

71

71

7^

Feb. Mar.

2,940

3.030

1,960

1,440

2.130

1,510

640

462

441

E79

550

358

293

250

4,590

2,670

1,130

640

505

420

Apr.

OQQ

378

484

528

441

358

289

235

158

148

289

378

420

317

278

OCfl

231

213

194

180

' 180

194

180

180

180

180

180

190

190

May.

176

180

176

176

187

176

176

176

169

1 *\*\

158

145

141

135

262

358

462

528

358

317

278

262

224

209

June.

202

1fiQ

162

152

158

IK

135

115

109

109

115

125

125

109

93

inn

100

100

106

128

109

100

270

2,580

2.310

1,130

690

441

358

July.

Q17

250

224

266

337

595

420

317

250

91 Q

202

228

9JK

297

317

224

205

180

148

152

145

135

132

132

135

135

122

441

274

239

Aug.

176

1W

135

128

135

118

118

141

135

183

OOQ

198

ISO

148

135

132

122

122

118

128

118

115

112

112

118

103

100

87

Sept.

on

112

103

1 AQ

96

109

103

Oft

112

103

112

103

112

96

87

87

87

87

109

118

103

96

112

128

128

118

118

118

103

112

NOTE. Discharge interpolated for days when gage was not read. Daily discharge computed from a 

rating curve well denned between 62 and 3,890 second-feet (gage heights 1.8 and 7.5 feet). Above discharge 

of 3,890 second-feet (gage height 7.5 feet) the rating curve is an extension and is subject to an error of about 

10 per cent at a discharge of 6,490 second-feet (gage height 10 feet). Discharge estimated, because of ice. 

from gage heights, observer's notes, discharge measurements, climatic records, and discharge of adjacent 

drainage areas, as follows: Jan. 9-31,80 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,90 second-feet; and Mar. 1-9,500 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of South Branch of Zumbro River near Zumbro Falls, Minn.,for the

year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

[Drainage area, 821 square miles.]

Month.

March ..................................

April...................................

July....................................

Discharge m second-feet.

Maximum.

180 

180 

145

4,590

528 

528 

2,580 

595 

239 

128

4,590

Minimum.

96 

96 

66

148 

135 

93 

122

87

87

Mean.

120 

120 

104 

79.5 

90 

1,030 

276 

267 

355 

240 

138 

106

246

Per 

square 

mile.

0.146 

.146 

.127 

.097 

.110 

1.25 

.336 

.325 

.432 

.292 

.168 

.129

.300

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.17 

.16 

.15 

.11

.11 

1.44 

.37 

.37 

" .48 

.34 

.19 

.14

4.03

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

B. 

C.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 145

BOOT RIVER NEAR HOUSTON, MINN.

Location. In sec. 34, T. 104 N., R. 6 W., at highway bridge 1 mile east of Houston 

and 1 mile above mouth of South Boot River, which is ordinarily a relatively 

insignificant stream, but during heavy rains floods considerable area.

Becords available. May 28, 1909, .to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 1,560 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff, read morning and evening to quarter-tenths. Limits of use: 

Half-tenths below and tenths above 1.5 feet.

Channel and control. No well-defined control; channel is shifting, scouring out 

during floods and gradually filling in afterwards; nearly permanent at low stages.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge.

Winter flow. Gage readings discontinued during ice period of 1913; flow estimated 

from that of North Branch Root near Lanesboro, there being a well-defined openwater relation between these stations.

Regulation. No dam below station; nearest dam above is at Rushford. As the 

flow is ample at all times for the power generated at that point it is not held back 

during certain parts of the day, and thus the dam has no influence on the gage 

heights at Houston.

Accuracy. Estimates of discharge for flood stages above 8.9 feet in 1911, as published 

in Water-Supply Paper 305, are too low on account of an erroneous extension of the 

rating curve above 8.9 feet. The high-water section of the rating curve, based on 

discharge measurements made June 28 and 29,1914, at gage heights 9.80 and 6.98 feet 

gives the same discharge as the rating curve used for 1911 at about gage height 8.9 

feet. At gage height 10.0 feet the new curve gives a discharge about 44 per cent 

larger than that given by the rating curve for 1911. Maximum gage height, 10.8 

feet, occurred on August 14, 1911, discharge about 15,200 second-feet. Because 

of shifting channel the results can not be considered better than fair.

Discharge measurements of Root River near Houston, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Mar. 31

June 28

Made by 

S. B. SouM............

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.28

1.88

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,050

652

Date. Made by- Gage

Feet. 

1.20

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

296

91388° WSP 355 IE
146 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily gage Jieight, in feet, of Root River near Houston, Minn.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[Olaf Larson, observer.]

Day.

1. .............

2... ...........

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27. .............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.8

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

Nov.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.6

1.5

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.2

1.3

1.3

Dec.

1.4

1.7

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.6

1.3

1.4

2.8

Jan. Feb. Mar.

3.6

3.1

8.8

9.0

5.3

4.1

3.4

3.8

3.7

3.3

Apr.

3.0

2.8

3 ft

3.2

2.9

2.6

2.5

2.4

2

0

2.3

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.5

2 A

2.2

2.1

9 n

1 Q

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.5

May.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.5

1.7

1.7

2.0

2.3

2.2

2.4

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.1

1.9

1.8

1.7

June.

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.7

1.6

1.4

1.3

1.3

2.1

1.4

1.5

1.9

1.7

1.5

July.

1.4

1.3

1.3

4.1

3.7

2.4

1.9

1.7

1.5

1.4

1.6

2.1

2.0

3.4

2.9

2.0

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.3

2.5

3.4

2.2

Aug.

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.5

2.6

2.1

2.0

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.6

1.4

1.3

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.3

Sept.

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.6

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.4

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Dec. 9,1912, to Mar. 22,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Root River near Houston, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

97

28..............

OQ

30.. ............

31..............

Oct.

405

405

380

380

380

380

380

380

380

380

380

509

537

509

482

456

430

430

405

430

430

430

405

405

405

405

Af\K.

405

A(\r.

405

405

Nov.

405

405

405

405

405

405

405

405

405

380

405

405

430

456

456

430

405

405

405

405

430

405

405

405

JOK

405

356

380

380

Dec.

405

482

430

430

430

456

380

405

Jan. Feb. Mar.

970

5,840

6,090

2,200

1 440

1^100

1 9sn

1,230

1.050

Apr.

930

851

930

1,010

890

776

739

703

632

667

667

739

813

739

703

632

598

566

537

509

509

509

482

482

456

456

456

430

430

430

May.

405

405

405

456

430

430

405

405

405

405

405

405

380

430

482

482

566

667

632

703

813

776

739

703

632

598

598

598

537

509

482

June.

482

456

430

430

405

405

405

405

405

380

380

380

356

356

380

356

356

356

356

482

456

405

380

380

598

405

430

537

482

430

July.

405

380

380

1,440

1,230

703

537

482

430

405

456

598

566

1,100

890

566

494

462

459

428

396

396

396

393

366

363

390

360

770

1,180

646

Aug.

507

471

440

410

379

379

350

350

791

<w\

557

4AQ

428

396

396

393

366

366

363

419

360

334

360

332

332

330

330

305

303

327

Sept.

301

325

325

322

322

296

296

296

294

294

9O9

292

290

313

9Qft

288

285

285

385

305

283

283

281

327

327

327

303

281

327

NOTE. Daily discharge Oct. 1,1912, to July 16,1913, computed from a well-defined rating curve. Daily 

discharge Sept, 24-30 computed from a rating curve well defined between 888 and 10,600 second-feet (gage 

heights 3.0 and 10.0 feet) and fairly well defined below 843 second-feet (gage height 2.9 feet). Indirect 

method used from July 17 to Sept. 23. Discharge estimated, because of ice, from climatic records and 

open-water relation between flow of North Branch of Boot Biver near Lanesboro and of Boot Biver near 

Houston, as follows: Dec. 9-31,1912,285 second-feet; Jan. 1-31,240 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,250 second-feet; 

Mar. 1-10,1480 second-feet; and Mar. 11-22,1,930 second-feet.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 147

Monthly discharge of Root River near Houston, Minn., for the year ending Sept. 30,1913. 

[Drainage area, 1,560 square miles.]

Mouth.

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in secoad-feet.

Maximum.

537 

456

6,090 

1,010 

813 

598 

1,440 

791 

385

6,090

Minimum.

380 

356

430 

380 

356 

360 

303 

281

Mean.

417 

408 

322 

240 

250 

1,910 

642 

525 

415 

583 

404 

304

538

Per 

square 

mile.

0.267 

.262 

.206 

.154 

.160 

1.22 

.412 

.337 

.266 

.374 

.259 

* .195

.345

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.31 

.29 

.24 

.18 

.17 

1.41 

.46 

. .39 

.30 

.43 

.30 

.22

4.70

Accu 

racy.

B. 

B. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

B.

NORTH BRANCH OF ROOT RIVER NEAR LANESBORO, MINN.

Location. In sec. 6, T. 103 N., R. 9 W., in Fillmore County, at first highway bridge 

1 mile above junction of North and South branches, 2 miles north of Lanesboro 

and about 5 miles below a small creek that enters from the west.

Becords available. March 9, 1910, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 647 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage; read morning and evening to quarter-tenths. Limit of uses: 

Hundredths below 2.5, half-tenths from 2.5 to 4.0, and tenths above 4.0 feet.

Channel and control. Practically permanent. As there is more than 10 feet fall 

between the station and the mouth of the South Branch backwater from that 

stream is improbable. One thousand feet back from the right bank is an old 

channel through which the river formerly flowed. At a stage of 6 feet the flow 

commences through this old channel. At extreme flood stage the right bank is 

overflowed for a width of one-fourth mile.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge. At extreme flood stages measurements can be made from the railroad bridge just above the junction with 

South Branch.

Winter flow. Determined by measurements. Discharge relation affected by ice.

Accuracy. Information obtained since the preparation of estimates of discharge for 

1912 indicates that the rating curve used for the year ending September 30, 1913, 

should also have been used from May 26 to December 8, 1912. Estimates of discharge as computed from the revised rating curve are about 6 per cent larger at 

gage height 2 feet and about 5 per cent smaller at gage height 3 feet than those 

published in Water-Supply Paper 325 for period subsequent to May 26, 1912. 

Conditions at this station are favorable for accurate results; estimates should be 

reliable.

Discharge measurements of North Branch of Root River near Lanesboro, Minn., during 

the year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Jan. 25

Mar. 4

Apr. 1

Made by 

S.B.Soule.............

.....do.................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.41

2.59

2.59

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

093.7

o85.7

347

Date.

Sept. 24

Made by 

S.B.Soule.............

Gage 

height.

Feet.

1.86

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

93.8

o Complete ice cover.
148 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of North Branch of Root River'at Lanesboro, Minn., for the

year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

[K. E. Hoium, observer.]

Day.

1.. ............ 

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6.............. 

7..............

8..............

10.............. 

11.............. 

12.............. 

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17.............. 

18.............. 

19.............. 

20..............

21.............. 

22..............

23.............. 

24..............

25.............. 

26..............

27..............

28.............. 

29..............

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

2.W 

2.08

2.08

2.05 

2.04

2.05 

2.05 

2.05

V (W

2.02

2.05 

2.18 

2.5

2.30

2.20

2.16

2.12 

2.12 

2.15 

2.15

2.19 

2.21

2.10 

2.05

2.05 

2.05

2.05

2.05 

2.05

2.05 

2.05

Nov.

2.05 

2.05

2.05

2.05 

2.05

2.02 

2.02 

2.00 

"> rf>

2.02

2.02 

2.09 

2.18

2.14

2.15

2.15

2.15 

2.19 

2.22 

2.35

2.28 

2.22

2.15 

2.12

2.11 

2.11

2.09

2.05 

2.05

2.00

Dec.

2.05 

2.10

2.08

2.05 

2.15

2.20 

2.16 

2.12 

2.08

2.05

2.06 

2.06 

2.05 0 ni

2.06

2.02 

1.98 

1.98

1.9

Jan.

~"2."6"

"° ">

2.4

2.5

2.4

.......

2.3

Feb.

2.5

'"2.5

"'2.9

.......

.......

2.6

Mar.

.......

2.6 

1.6

"5." 3"

5.4

4.1 

4.3

4.5

9

O

5.8

3.45

2.9 

2.9 

5.6 

3.8

2.95 

2.5

2.5

7.0

5.0 

3.4

2.85

2.7 

3.1

2.8 

2.8

Apr.

2.55 

2.49

2.95

2.85 

2.5

2.45 

2.38 

2.35 

2.25

2.20

2.40 

2.7 

2.95

2.55

*> 4.^

2.38

2.32 

2.29 

2.22 

2.22

2.22 

2.19

2.19 

2.12

2.15 

2.16

2.12

2.08 

2.08

2.04

May.

2.08 

2.08

2.10

2.25 

2.22

2.25 

2.25 

2.18 

2.12

2.12

2.12 

2.16

2.18

2.22

2.28

2.45

2.7 

2.8 

2.6 

2.6

3.0

2.8

2.75 

2.65

2.5 

2.48

2.45

2.38 

2.28

2.22 

2.00

June.

2.18 

2.18

2.15

2.12 

2.12

2.12 

2.20 

2.10 

2.12

2.12

2.11 

2.11 

2.02

2.02

2.00

2.01

2.00 

2.01 

2.02 

2.22

2.22 

2.19

2.15 

2.20

2.25 

2.31

2.45

2.38 

2.25

2.18

July.

2.18 

2.12

2.08

2.32 

2.75

2.31 

2.18 

2.08 

2.05

2.08

2.18 

2.6 

2.30

"3.3

2.30

2.22

2.12 

2.08 

2.02 

2.02

202 

1.98

2.02 

2.08

2.00 

1.98

1.98

2.05 

2.8

2.5 

2.30

Aug.

2.24 

2.19

2.14

2.10 

2.04

2.04 

2.01 

2.28 

2.15

2.41

2.25 

2.15 

2.12

2.10

2.05

2.05

2.10 

2.08 

2.08 

2.02

2.02 

2.08

2.05 

2.08

2.02 

2.02

2.02

1.96 

1.92

1.92 

1.92

Sept.

1.72 

1.80

1.72

1.69 

1.70

1.72 

1.78 

1 70 

1.71

1.88

1.80

1.78 

1.70

1.72

1.80

1.80

1.80 

1.78 

1.85 

1.85

1.82 

1.82

1.81 

1.89

1.94

2.00

1.98

1.90 

1.85

2.15

» Gage height probably correct; rain on July 13. 

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Dec. 9,1912, to Mar. 10,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of North Branch of Root River near Lanesboro, Minn., 

for the year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1. ....... ......

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9.............. 10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

150

156

156

147

144

147

147

147

138

138

147

188

305

229

194

181

168

168

178

178

191

198

162

147

147

147

147

147

147

147

147

Nov.

147

147

147

147

147

138

138

132

138

138

138

159

188

175

178

178

178

191

201

248

ooo

201

178

168

165

165

159

147

147

132

Dec.

147

162

T5fi

147

181

168

Jan. Feb. Mar.

2,590

2,700

i ^m

1,530

1,720

8,800

3 1 fin

813

488

488

2 Q4TI

1,070

MA

305

305

4,660

779

463

391

596

438

438

Apr.

326

301 fin

305

286

259

248

212

1<U

266

391

326

286

259

OQfi

226

201

201

201

191

191

168

178

181

168

156

144

May.

1 x>£\

It^A

162

212

010

212

188

168

168

168

181

188

201

222

286

QOl

438

347

147

Ivil

438

414

369

305

297

286

259

222

201

132

June.

188

188

178

168

168

168

194 ifi°

168

168

165

165

138

138

135

132

135

138

201

201

191

178

212

233

286

259

212

188

July.

188

168

156

236

414

233

188

156

147

156

188

347

229

715

229

201

168

156

138

138

138

126

138

156

132

126

126

147

438

305

229

Aug.

208

191

175

' 162

144

144

135

222

178

270

212

178

168

162

147

147

162

156

i<?fi

138

138

156

147

156

138

138

138

121

110

110

110

Sept.

62

79

62

56

58

62

75

58

60

99

TO

75

58

62

TO

79

TO

75

92

92

84

84

82

102

115

132

126

104

92

178

NOTE. Daily discharge from Oct. 1 to Dec. 8,1912, differs from that published in Water-Supply Paper 

325 on account of a revision of the rating curve. See "Accuracy" in station description. Daily discharge 

computed from a rating curve well defined between 79 and 4,660 second-feet (gage heights 1.8 and 7.0 feet). 

Discharge estimated because of ice from gage heights, observer's notes, discharge measurements, and 

climatic records, as follows: Dec. 9-31,120 second-feet; Jan. 1-31,100 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,102 second-feet; 

and Mar. 1-8, 100 second-feet.
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI EIVEE DRAINAGE BASIN. 149

Monthly discharge of North Branch of Root River near Lanesboro, Minn., for the years

ending Sept. SO, 1912-13.

[Drainage area,, 647 square miles.)

Month.

1912.

April....................................

May....................................

July.....................................

The year. . ........................

1913.

^&j. ...................................

July.....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

4,320 

376 

3,160

7,640

3,400 

5,090 

514 

1,240 

248 '259

7,640

305 

248

8,800

514

641

286 

715 

270 

178

8,800

Minimum.

167 

171 

175

329 

196 

162 

162 

132 

132

138 

132

144 

132 

132 

126 

110 

56

Mean.

994 

275

459 

180 

150 

820 

895 

595 

231 

287 

- 171 

166

437

166 

165 

132 

100 

102 

1,280 

258 

260 

179 

213 

159 

84.7

260

Per 

square 

mile.

1.64 

.425 

.709 

.278 

.232 

1.27 

1.38 

.920 

.357 

.444 

.264 

.257

.675

.257 

.255 

.204 

.155 

.158 

1.98 

.399 

.402 

.277 

.329 

.246 

.131

.396

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.78 

.47 

.82 

.32 

.25 

1.46 

1.64 

1.06 

.40 

.51 

.30 

.29

9.20

.30 

.28 

.24 

18 

.16 

2.28 

.45 

.46 

.31 

.38 

.28 

.15

5.47

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

A. 

A. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B.

NOTE. Estimates for 1912 supersede those published in Water-Supply Paper 325. ' See 

In station description.

'Accuracy'

UPPER IOWA RIVER NEAR DECORAH, IOWA.

Location. At highway bridge in village of Free port, which is 3 miles below Decorah 

and about 4 miles above upper power plant of the Upper Iowa Power Co. Nearest 

tributary, Trout Creek, enters from right about 1 mile above station.

Becords available. August 28 to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 551 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge; read morning and evening to quarter-tenths. 

Limits of use: Hundredths below 3.0, half-tenths from 3.0 to 4.5, and tenths 

above 4.5 feet.

Channel and control. Sand and gravel; may shift during high water.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge.

Regulation. Flow regulated to some extent by operation of a number of small grist 

mills above the station.

Cooperation. Gage heights furnished by the Upper Iowa Power Co. 

Data insufficient for estimates of discharge.

Discharge measurements of Upper Iowa River near Decorah, Iowa, during the year ending .

Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Aug. 6

27

Made by 

W. G.Hoyt..............................................................

S.B.Soule.. .............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.36

2.34

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

«72.8

068

o Made by wading.
150 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Upper Iowa River near Decordh, Iowa, for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[Charles Savoy, observer.]

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7.............. 

8..............

9..............

10..............

Aug.

O Q«

Sept.

2.20

2.25

2 25

2.22

2.22

2 on

2.20 

2.20

2.20

911

Day.

11. ......... ....

12..............

13..............

14..............

11

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

Aug.

........

Sept.

2.20

2.20

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.25 

2.20

2.20

2.45

Day.

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27.............. 

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Aug.

2.25 

2.22

2.22

2.22

2.20

Sept.

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.24

2.34

2.35

2.30 

2.25

2.28

2.30

WISCONSIN EIVER NEAR RHINELANDER, WIS.

Location. In sec. 27, T. 36 N., R. 8 E., at highway bridge just below Rhinelander 

Power Co.'s power station, 8 miles southwest of Rhinelander, Wis., and 8 miles 

below mouth of Pelican River.

Records available. December 1, 1905, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 1,110 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain gage fastened to upstream side of bridge; read once daily to 

tenths. Checked by wye levels August 13, 1913, and found in error; gage heights 

from November 27 to December 31, 1910 (published in Water-Supply Paper 285), 

for 1911 (published in Water-Supply Paper 305), and from January 1 to September 

18, 1912 (published in Water-Supply Paper 325), should be corrected by subtracting 0.13 foot; all gage heights from September 19 to 30, 1912 (published in 

Water-Sugply Paper 325), should be corrected by adding 0.12 foot. Gage heights 

subsequent to September 30, 1912, should be used as published in the following 

tables.

Channel and control. Probably permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from downstream side of bridge.

Winter flow. Owing to the relatively high temperature of the water coming from 

the service reservoirs, little ice forms in the vicinity of the gage.

Regulation. Flow is regulated by the reservoirs of the Rhinelander Power Co.'s 

plant near Rhinelander and the plant at Otter Rapids, and is also modified by 

storage reservoirs in the headwaters operated by the Upper Wisconsin Valley 

Improvement Co.

Accuracy. Results impaired by fluctuations due to the operation of the power plants 

and at times by backwater caused by grass in the stream. Records only fair.

Discharge measurements of Wisconsin River near Rhinelander, Wis., during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Aug. 13

14

Made by 

B. J. Peterson... .............. ...........................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.19

3.14

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

a 1,070

«1,010

a Large quantity of grass in channel.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 151

Daily gage height, in feet, of Wisconsin River near Rhinelander, Wis.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[G. N. Kramer, observer.)

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

OQ

30

31..............

Oct.

3.4

3.5

3.1

3.3

3.7

2.5

3.2

3.6

3.7

3.3

3.2

3.6

2.2

3.4

3.7

3.3

3.4

3.2

3.6

2.9

3.5

3.5

3.3

3.4

3.6

3.4

2.7

3.4

3 ft

3.3

3.6

Nov.

3.3

3.5

2.8

3.5

3.9

3.7

3.5

3.6

3.5

3.1

3.4

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.3

2.«

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.4

3.6

3.4

2.8

3.5

3.4

3.5

3.3

3.3

3.2

Dec.

2.1

3.7

3.5

3.3

3.5

3.7

3.5

2.5

3.4

3.7

3.2

3.3

3.5

3.5

2.3

3.5

3.3

3.4

3.2

3.3

3.1

2.8

3.0

2.8

3.0

2.7

3.0

3.0

2.8

2.7

2-. 8

Jan.

2 7

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.4

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.1

2.6

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.1

2.5

2.1

2.1

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.1

2.3

2.4

2.3

2.4

2.4

Feb.

2.4

2.1

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.0

2.6

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.6

1.7

2.5

2.3

2.3

2.9

2.2

2.3

2.6

2.4

2 7

2.8

2.3

2.5

Mar.

2.7

2.1

2.8

2.9

2.6

2.8

2.9

2.6

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.5

3.0

2.9

2.6

2 7

3.0

2.9

2.6

3.1

3.0

3.0

2.7

2 7

3.0

2.8

3.3

3.2

3.2

Apr.

3.2

2.9

3.9

3.5

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.6

4.0

3.8

3.6

2.2

3.8

3.8

4.0

3.8

3.6

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.6

4.0

3.8

4.0

3.5

3.6

3.8

1 S

3.7

May.

3.8

3.5

3.5

2 7

3.3

2.9

3.0

2.6

2.9

9 Q

2.1

2.9

3.0

2.7

3.0

3.0

2.7

2.3

3.6

3.9

3.8

3.6

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.6

3.7

3.7 <j R

1 7

3

Q

June.

3 A

3.7

3.7

3.5

3.7

3.5

3.5

2.5

3.8

3

«

3.4

3.6

3.2

3.3

2.3

2.4

2.6

2.7

2 4

2.7

2.6

2.0

2.4

2.6

2.6

2.7

2.6

2.4

2

1

2.9

July.

2.5

2.8

2.5

2.1

2.7

2.0

2.5

2.9

2.7

3.1

2.8

3.2

2.1

3.7

4.0

3.9

3.6

3.8

4.0

3.3

3.1

2.9

2.8

3.3

3.1

3.8

3.5

4.5

A K

4.5

3.9

Aug.

3.7

3.2

3.8

3.1

3.0

2.9

3.4

3.7

3.2

2.1

2 7

2.8

3.2

3.1

 3.3

2.9

1.8

3.3

3.3

2.9

3.1

3.1

3.3

1.9

3.3

3.3

3.5

3.1

3 A

3 A

2.1

Sept.

3.4

3.1

3.5

3.7

3.4

3.1

2.5

3.4

3.0

3.4

3.0

3.0

3.3

2.1

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.7

3.0

2.5

3.5

3.7

3.5

3.8

3.8

3.4

2.8

3.6

3.6

NOTE. Discharge relation probably not materially affected by ice during the year ending Sept. 30,1913.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wisconsin River near Rhinelander, Wis., for the years 

ending Sept. 30, 1910-1913.

Day.

1909-10. 

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24........:.....

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

535

1,000

188

535

535

291

913

913

1,000

238

1,000

1,000

750

913

750

829

142

1,000

913

1,300

1,000

1,200

1,000

1,000

829

829

1,000

1,000

1,000

913

291

Nov.

1,520

1,400

1,520

1,520

1,740

1,520

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,100

1,300

1.300

l',520

1,400

2,220

1,860

1,520

1,740

1,740

1,860

1,630

1,740

1,630

1,100

1,400

913

1,980

1,520

1,630

1,400

Dec.

1,300

1,300

1,520

1,520

1,200

913

675

675

675

913

1,000

1,100

1,000

1,000

913

1,000

913

1,100

829

1,000

1,000

1,200

1,000

1,200

1,000

1,000

1,200

1,300

1,100

1,000

1,200

Jan.

1,100

1,100

1,400

829

1,520

1,300

829

1,630

1,100

1,100

1,300

1,300

1,400

1,300

1,400

1,100

1

,000

,400

,100

,300

1,300

1,100

1,200

1,000

913

1,100

913

829

829

1,100

1,100

Feb.

1,100

1,100

1,400

1,400

1,520

604

1,520

1,000

913

1,400

1,100

1,400

1,100

1,000

1,200

1,740

1,000

1,520

535

1,740

1,630

1,200

1,630

1,740

1,740

1,100

1,740

Mar.

1,200

1,300

1,860

1,200

1,860

535

1,300

1,000

750

675

. 829

1,100

469

1,100

829

1,100

1,000

1,100

1,000

347

1,000

1,200

1,300

1,520

1,520

1,520

604

1,740

1,520

1,200

1,300

Apr.

1,400

1,630

469

1,100

1,630

1,740

1,630

1,630

1,300

469

1,200

1,300

1,100

829

1,100

1,200

604

1,300

1,300

Q1O

1,300

1,100

1 000

535

913

1,300

1,300

1,400

1,630

1,520

May.

913

1,400

1,200

1,300

1,300

1,400

1,200

406

1,200

604

913

604

604

604

238

750

Oil

604

Oil

1,100

1,200

675

1,300

1,200

1,300

1,400

1,300

1,200

535

1,200

1.100

June.

"im\

604

750

750

291

1,000

iw;

1,100

829

675

675

18

750

829

604

604

604

604

18

604

604

604

535

604

604

18

535

535

535

604

July.

604

604

38

18

604

604

1,200

675

604

38

675

675

604

604

675

750

18

675

675

535

675

675

469

291

469

469

750

535

675

535

291

Aug.

675

604

535

535

535

535

66

535

535

750

fifU

535

675

dfiQ

604

675

R£\A

604

469

4ftfi

38

469

535

535

604

604

291

469

469

469

Sept.

469

1,000

750

66

147

750

604

750

750

750

291

7CA

750

GOQ

Q13

829

S9Q

38

675

7"tf»

604

469

469

469

38

535

535

604

604

604
152 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wisconsin River near Rhinelander, Wis.,for the years 

ending Sept. 30,1910-1913 Continued.

Day.

1910-11. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17.............

18..............

19

20..............

21..............

99

23..............

24..............

oe

26..............

97

OQ

29.............. in

31..............

1911-12. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............. 

12..............

13.............. 

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26.............. 

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

604

291

535

469

469

1,100

604

675

238

604

604

604

535

406

406

238

535

535

535

604

604

604

291

535

535

535

913

750

913

347

675

1,520

1,740

1,740

1,630

1,630

2,220

2,940

3,460

3,850

3,590

3,330 

3,330

2,940 

2,940

1,980

2,940

2,820

2,940

2,220

1,980

3,330

3,850

3,200

3,070

2,700

2,940 

3,330

2,940 

2,700

2,580

1,520

Nov.

675

750

604

604

535

291

675

675

604

675

675

675

347

604

675

675

675

604

604

238

535

535

535

604

604

535

291

675

469

535

1,860

1,740

1,740

1,100

913

1,400

1,300

1,200

1,200

1,100

1,200 

1,000

1,100

829

750

750

750

750

913

675

750

829

675

750

913

1,100

750

1,000

829

675

Dec.

469

406

188

188

291

535

750

604

469

535

535

469

535

535

535

750

675

535

469

604

535

469

535

347

291

535

829

913

675

604

829

675

604

750

675

829

604

829

750

829

1,200

1,400 

1,860

1,630 

1,630

1,630

1,860

1,400

1,860

1,630

1,520

1,520

1,630

1,860

2,100

1,860 

1,300

1,520 

1,630

1,630

1,520

Jan.

535

829

750

675

675

829

675

347

750

750

604

829

750

750

535

750

829

675

829

1,100

1,300

406

913

829

1,300

1,100

1,000 Q-IO

829

1,100

829

.......

.......

.......

.......

.......

Feb.

829

604

535

469

406

406

347

1,300

1,300

750

913

406

535

675

750

750

829

913

469

750

1,000

913

1,000

1,300

1,300

913

1 000

1,000

.......

.......

.......

.......

Mar.

675

675

604.

604

238

675

675

829

750

1,740

1,100

347

750

829

1,100

750

750

1,000

291

1,000

1,100

1,000

1,100

1,200

1,200

347

1,520

1,630

1,400

1,520

1,400

.......

.......

.......

.......

Apr.

1,400

1,200

1,300

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

347

1,300

1,200

1,200

1,300

1,200

1,200

347

1,200

1,200

1,630

1,200

1,300

1,630

750

1,200

1,200

1,100

1,400

1,300

829

406

1,100

1,520

1,520

1,740

2,220

2,580

2,820

2,700

2,700

2,700 

2,820

2,820 

1,740

2 7OH

2 7nn

2

CO/1

2

Kon

2,220

I

Qfifl

1 980

2,100

I oftn

1,740

1 740

1,630 

1,520

1,630 2 con

9 PiftA

May.

675

604

1,000

675

750

675

188

469

635

469

675

604

604

469

1,000

829

829

750

1.100

1,740

604

1,980

1,860

1,740

2,220

2,220

829

604

1,000

1,100

1,000

1,630

1,630

1,300

1,860

1,630

1,740

1,630

1,520

1,630

1 860

1,980

I

OAO

1,300 

1,740

1,630

1,200

1,740

1,630

1,100

1,520

1,630

I

Qftn

1,630

1 '7Af\

1,860

1,740

1,630 

1 860 2' 100

1,980

Jvwe.

1,100

1,300

1,100

347

913

913

1,000

1,100

913

1,000

291

750

675

604

604

675 '535

291

675

604

675

604

535

675

291

675

604

750

750

535

2,220

1,860

1,630

1,300

1,980

1,740

1,630

1,520

1,200

1,300

1,400 

1,520

1,630 

1,000

1,100

535

I

OAft

1,630

1,100

1,200

1,400 001

1,300

1,300

1,200 

1,200 

1,100

July.

535

347

406

291

913

1,300

1,520

1,200

238

1,200

1,300

1,200

1,100

1,100

1,000

291

1,400

1,520

913

1,400

1,100

1,200

291

2,820

1,860

1,630

1,300

1,400

1,520

188

2,220

1,410

1,300

1,300

604

1,400

1,630

347

I

Anfi

1,520

1 fisn

1,300 

1,400

1,300

OQQ

1,400

1,630

1,520

1,200

I

Qfkfk

1,630

347

1 300

1,630

1,630

1,200 

1,980

1,630

Aug.

1,630

2,100

1,980

1,980

1,980

675

1,980

1,980

1,860

2,100

1,980

1,860

347

2,100

1,630

1,630

1,980

1,740

1,740

469

2,220

2,100

2,100

1,860

2,220

2,220

675

1,860

1,860

1,980

1,980

1,630

1,740

1,860

1,200

1 74fl

1,980

2,460

3 fV7fi

3,850

4,370

4,890 

4,370

4,370 

4,110

3

QKA

3,980

3 7*?n

I

OAfi

3,070

3 OAA

3,070

2 Q4Q

2 son

1 4ftfl

2,580

2 con

3,070

2

QQA

2 7nn

2,820

Sept.

1,520

1,300

535

675

1,860

1,980

1,630

1,520

1,630

469

1,520

1,740

1,740

1,860

1,520

1,630

406

1,740

1,630

1,630

1,630

1,520

1,520

469

1,400

1,520

1,630

1,630

1,740

1,630

I

QAft

3,070

3,980

3

7OA

4,110

4,370

S

QPCn

3,070

3

CQA

3

qort

3,070 

3,070

3,070 

3,070

1,200

2

1/1/1

1 Sfifl

1,860

1,630

1,520

1 740

1 Qnn

1 4A/1

I

con

1 Sfin

1,860

1 PLOn

1,520 

1,200

1,740
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 153

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wisconsin River near Rhinelander, Wis.,for the years 

ending Sept. SO, 1910-1913 Continued.

Day.

1912-13. 

1..............

2..............

3... ...........

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

19

11

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22....... . ......

23..............

24. .............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,740

1,860

1,400

1,630

2,100

829

1,520

1,980

2,100

1,630

1,520

604

1,740

2,100

1,630

1,740

1,520

1,980

1,200

1 sftfi

1,860

1,630

i 74n

1,980

1,740

1,000

1 7d(\

1,980

1,630

1,980

Nov.

1,630

1,860

1,100

1,860

2,340

2,100

1,860

1,980

1,860

1 400

1,740

1,980

i sfin

1,740

1,740

1,630

1,200

I

ftftH

1 ftfifl

1,980

1,740

1,980

1,740

1,100

1,860

1,740

1 860

1,630

1,630

1,520

Dec.

635

2,100'

1,860

1,630

1,860

2,100

1,860

829

1,740

2,100

1,520

1,630

1,860

1,860

675

1 860

1^630

1,740

1,520

1,630

1,400

1,100

1,300

1,100

1 300

1,000

1,300

1 300

1,100

1,000

1,100

Jan.

1,000

913

829

829

829

913

750

675

750

829

829

535

913

675

750

750

750

750

535

829

535

535

675

675

750

535

675

675

750

750

Feb.

750

535

- 675

675

750

750

675

675

469

913

750

675

675

604

913

291

829

675

675

1,200

604

675

Qiq

750

1,100

675

829

Mar.

1,000

535

1,100

1,200

913

1,100

1,200

913

1,200

1,100

1,100

1,000

1,000

 829

1,300

1,200

913

1,000

1 ^ftfl

1,200

913

1,400

1 OflA

1,300

1,000

1,000

1,300

1,100

1,630

1,520

1,520

Apr.

1,520

1,200

2,340

1,860

2,340

2,340

2,220

2,220

1,980

2,460

2,220

1,980

604

2,220

2,220

2 dfifi

2,220

1,980

2 1/in

2,220

2,220

1,980

2

4«A

2,220

2,460

1,860

1,980

2,220

2,220

2,100

May.

2,220

1,860

1,860

1,000

1,630

1,200

1,300

913

1,200

1,200

' 535

1,200

1,300

1,000

1,300

1,300

1,000

675

1,980

2,340

2,220

1,980

1,740

1,860

1,980

1,980

2,100

2,100

1,980

2,100

2,220

June.

1,740

2,100

2,100

1,860

2)100

1,860

1,860

829

2,220

1,980

1,740

1,980

1,520

1,630

675

675

829

913

675

913

829

406

675

829

829

913

829

675

469

1,100

July.

675

913

675

406

829

347

675

1,000

829

1,200

913

1,300

406

1,860

2,220

1,980

1,630

1,860

2,100

469

1,100

913

829

1,300

1,100

1,860

1,520

2,700

2,700

2,700

1,980

Aug.

1,630

1,100

1,740

1,000

913

829

1,300

1,630

1,100

291

675

750

1,100

1,000

1,200

829

142

1,200

1,200

829

1,000

1,000

1,200

188

1,200

1,200

1,400

1,000

913

1,300

291

Sept.

1,300

1,000

1,400

1,630

1,300

1,000

535

1,300

913

1,400

1,000

1,000

1,300

347

1,000

913

913

913

750

1,000

604

1,520

1,740

1,520

1,860

1,860

1,400

829

1,630

1,630

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well defined between 469 and 3,070 secondfeet (gage heignts 2.0 and 4.5 feet) and poorly defined beyond those points. Daily discharge, Oct. 1 to Dec. 

31,1909, differ iroin that published in Water-Supply Paper 265 on account of a revision of the rating table.
154 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Monthly discharge of Wisconsin River near Rhinelander, Wis.,for the years ending Sept.

30, 1910-1913.

Month.

1909-10.

February. .....................................................

May............................................................

July............................................................

1910-11.

April... ........................................................

May............................................................

July............................................................

1911-12.

April...........................................................

J&j............ ................................................

July............................................................

1912-13.

April...........................................................

May............................................................

July............................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,300 

2,220 

1,520 

1,630 

1,740 

1,860 

1,740 

1,400 

1,100 

1,200 

750 

1,000

2,220

1,100 

750 

913 

1,300 

1,300 

1,740 

1,630 

2,220 

1,300 

2,820 

2,220 

1,980

2,820

3,850 

1,860 

2,100 

2,820 

2,100 

2,220 

1,980 

4,890 

4,370

2,100 

2,340 

2,100 

1,000 

1,200 

1,630 

2,460 

2,340 

2,220 

2,700 

1,740 

1,860

2,460

Minimum.

142 

913

675 

829 

535 

347 

469 

238 

18 

18 

38 

38

18

238 

238 

188 

347 

347 

.238 

347 

188 

291 

188 

347 

406

188

1,520 

675 

604 

1,100 

1,100 

291 

238 

1,200 

1,200

604 

1,100 

535 

535 

469 

535 

604 

535 

406 

347 

142 

347

142

Mean.

800 

1,520 

1,060 

1,160 

1,310 

1,130 

1,190 

986 

597 

639 

513 

594

947

558 

573 

537 

806 

799 

929 

1,110 

961 

716 

1,120 

1,770 

1,440

944

2,710 

1,020 

1,370 

2,190 

1,630 

1,320 

1,320 

2,940 

2,420

1,680 

1,750 

1,470 

740 

739 

1,130 

2,090 

1,590 

1,260 

1,320 

1,000 

1,180

1,330

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

B. 

B. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B.

NOTE. See footnote to table of daily discharge. Monthly discharge, October, November, and December, 1909, differ from that published in Water-Supply Paper 265 on account of a revision of the rating curve. 

Discharge in "Second-feet per square mile" and "Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area)" are not 

published because they are believed to be misleading. See "Regulation" is station description.

WISCONSIN RIVER AT MERRILL, WIS.

Location. At highway bridge at east end of the city of Merrill, 1,000 feet below 

power house and dam of Merrill Electric Railway & Power Co., and half a mile 

below the mouth of Prairie River coining in from right.

Records available. November 17, 1902, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 2,630 square miles.
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI EIVEE DEAIFAGE BASIN. 155

Gage. Chain gage installed June 17, 1903; read twice daily from January to July, 

inclusive, and once daily in the morning from August to December. Datum 

unchanged since June 17, 1903. Records obtained from staff gage previously 

used doubtful. Because of an error in the gage, determined on August 15, 1913, 

gage heights from January 1 to December 31, 1912 (published in Water-Supply 

Paper 325), should be corrected by subtracting 0.07 foot. Gage heights from 

October 1 to December 31, 1912, have been corrected and should be used as published in the following table.

Channel and control. Heavy gravel and rock; may scour in high water; probably 

permanent at other stages.

Discharge measurements. Made from highway bridge.

Winter flow. Little ice forms at the gage but ice forms on the right bank of the river 

below gage extending at times nearly to the center of the channel and causing a 

small amount of backwater at the gage.

Regulation. Upstream from the gage are the following power plants, named in 

order:

Merrill: Merrill Electric Light & Railway Co. 

Tomahawk: Tomahawk Pulp & Paper Co. 

Tomahawk: Tomahawk Tannery Co. 

Kings: Tomahawk Power Co. 

Rhinelander: Rhinelander Paper Co. 

Otter Rapids: Eagle River Electric Co.

All these plants control the flow somewhat by means of service reservoirs. The 

plant at Otter Rapids has a pondage with an area of 5 square miles. Besides the 

regulation of the above plants, the Wisconsin Valley Improvement Co. operates 

17 storage reservoirs in the Wisconsin basin above Merrill, having a capacity of 

over 4,000,000,000 cubic feet.

Floods. On July 24, 1912, at 5 a. m., the water reached a stage of approximately 

17.5 feet, corresponding to a discharge of 45,000 second-feet. During the preceding 24 hours 11.25 inches of rain had fallen in the vicinity of Merrill. C. B. 

Stewart, 1 consulting engineer, Madison, estimated the run-off of the 700 square 

miles between Merrill and Tomahawk at 65 second-feet per square mile, and that 

from the entire drainage area above Merrill, at 17 second-feet per square mile. 

In the basin above Tomahawk, however, little rain had fallen.

Accuracy. Accuracy of records impaired by diurnal fluctuations caused by the 

operation of power plants, in the winter by ice, and in the spring possibly by logs 

lodging on the control and causing backwater.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the United States Weather 

Bureau, the Wisconsin Valley Improvement Co., and the Railroad Commission 

of Wisconsin.

1 Stewart, C. B., Investigation of flood flow on the watershed upper Wisconsin River: Western Soc. 

Eng. Jour., vol. 23, no. 4, April, 1913.
156 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

The following discharge measurement was made by B. J. Peterson August 15, 1913: 

Gage height, 4.65 feet, discharge, 1,850 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis.,for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

[A. F. Lueck, observer.]

Day.

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8.. ........ ....

9... ........ ...

10..............

11..............

19

13-.-..........-

14..............

11

16..... .-.....--

17..............

18..............

1Q

20... ......... .-

21..............

22..............

O*3

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

9O

30..............

31..............

Oct.

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.2

5.0

6.4

5.4

5.2

5.5

5.5

5.4

5.4

6.3

6.5

6.1

5.9

5.9 5.9

6.0

5.8

5.4

5.1 i *

1 4

5.3

5.0

K I

5.0

i 9

5.0

4.9

Nov.

5.0

4.9

4.6

4.9

5.0

5.3

4.9

4.9

4.8

5.0

4.9

4.9

5.6

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.2

4.7

5.1

4.9

^ 1

5.1

5.0

5.0

4.8

5.0

4 9

4.9

5.0

 5.0

Dec.

5.5

5.6

5.5

6.1

6.3

5.9

5.7

5.6

5.6

5.5

5.7

5.1

5.5

5.5

5.3

5.2

5.5

5.5

5.2

5.0

5.2

5.1

4 9

5.2

5.1

4.9

4.7

4.9

4.5

5.1

Jan.

4.9

5.1

5.1

4.6

5.0

4.6 5.-3

4.8

5.0

5.0

5.1

4.9

5.0

5.0

5.0

4.8

5.0

4.8

A Q

5

(\

% ft

5.0

4.8

A Q

A Q

4

0

4.6

4.5

4 9

4.7

4.8

Feb.

5.0

5.0

4.7

4.8

4.8

4.7

4.8

4.8

4.6

4.9

4.9

5.2

5.0

4.6

4.6

4.7

4.7

4.6

4.6

4.4

4.6

4.6

4.8

O QK

4.9

4.4

4.4

5.0

.......

Mar.

4.6

4.4

4.5

4.5

4.6

4.8

4.6

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.8

4.8

4.8

5.5

4.8

4.8

5.1

4.9

5.2

6.0

6.0

5.6 1 ?

5.2

1 1

<; fi

5.8

K K

6.0

6.4

7.0

Apr.

7.2

7.8

9.0

8.7

8.5

8.1

8.2

8.0

7.6

7.5

7.5

7.3

7.3

7.2

8.2

8.3

9.0

9.1

9.0

8.6

8.2

7.8

7 9

7.8

7.8

7.4

7.6

7.0

6.6

6.4

May.

6.5

6.3

6.2

6.2

6.5

6.4

5.8

6.4

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.4

5.6

5.8

5.8

5.7

6.2

5.5

5.7

5.8

6.8

7.2

7.1

6.8

6.6

6.0

fi <;

6.0

6.4

7

O

7.2

June.

7.2

6.7

6.6

6.6

6.4

6.2

6.2

5.9

5.5

5.8

5.6

6.9

5.3

5.6

6.0

4.8

5.0

5.1

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.2

0 0

5.0

4.8

4 Q

<; n

5.4

4 a

5.0

July.

4.7

5.0

4.8

5.0

5.0

6.0

5.6

5.7

6.4

6.2

6.4

6.6

6.6

6.4

6.4

5.9

6.5

6.4

6.1

6.2

1 fi

5.6

5.2 *; 4

5.7

5.8

0 -I

8.4

Q O

7.4

6.9

Aug.

6.7

5.9

6.0

5.6

5.2

5.8

5.5

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.3

4.9

5.2

5.0

4 a

5.1

I a

4 Q

5.3

K A

A Q

K 0

E O

K ft

4.7

4.8

4.8

4.7

5.1

4 9

4.4

Sept.

4 9

4.9

5.4

4.8

5.5

4 O

5.4

5.1

5.2

4.8

5.2

5.0

5.1

5.0

4 a

5.0

K 0

4.7

4.7

K n

K 0

K Q

K 7

6.0

6.4

6.0

6.4

6

0

5.7

6.0

NOTE. Discharge relation probably not materially affected by ice during the year ending Sept. 30,1913. 

Gage heights, Oct. 1 to Dec. 31,1912. differ from those published in Water-Supply Paper 325 on account of 

an error in the gage. See " Gage." ' 
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 157

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis., for the years 

ending Sept. SO, 1910-1913.

Day.

1909-10. 

1..............

2..............

4. .............

5..........----

6........ ...---

7...........---

g

11..............

If)

13........-.----

14..............

15.......-.-.---

16.......---.--.

17......-.-..---

1ft

1Q

20..-......---.-

01

99

oo

24

OK

Ofi

97

OQ

on

1f\

qi

1910-11. 

1..............

2..........---.

5..............

6.... ..........

7..............

8...........---

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18....... .......

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1.470

1.300

1,080

985

850

1,600

1,540

1,080

1,300

1,240

1,410

1,240

1,470

1,410

1,410

1,540

1,470

1,410

810

1,410

1,800

2,010

1,870

1,470

1,410

1,470

1,470

1,870

1,600

1,540

1,130

1,500

1,380

1.160

1,680

1,270

1,500

1,680

1,820

1,380

1,440

1,380

1,220

1,270

785

1,440

541

1,010

1,320

1,380

1,620

1,270

1,680

1.820

1 880

1^620

1,160

1,680

1,880

1,560

1,440

1,620

Nov.

1,080

2,240

3,320

3,760

3,320

3,530

3,640

3,210

2,640

2,560

2,920

4,820

5,180

5,430

5,430

8,620

7,360

5,550

4,94Q

5,300

4,820

4,220

4,100

3,980

3,760

3,210

3,640

4,340

5,430

5,060

1,010

1,270

1,750

1,680

1,940

960

960

912

1,440

1,010

695

1,440

1,220

1,620

1,270

1,220

1,270

1,270

1,220

1,110

1,110

1,010

865

960

912

1,010

1,010

1,270

1,010

Dec.

4,460

4,100

3,870

3,870

3,210

3,760

2,390

2,010

2,240

2,240

2,160

2,010

1,940

2,310

1,940

1,940

2,080

1,940

1,870

1,940

1,660

2,080

1,730

1,600

1,800

2,080

2,310

2,160

2,160

1,940

1,660

912

1,010

1,010

912

720

825

960

960

865

1,010

1,110

1,010

1,110

1,220

1,220

1,110

1,560

1,110

1,270

1,270

1,440

1,500

1,620

1,750

1,820

1,440

720

1,320

1,380

1,500

1 820

Jan.

1,940

1,820

2,150

2,220

2,010

2,220

2,220

2,220

2,250

2,220

2,380

2,150

2,010

2,080

2,080

2,220

2,010

2,220

2,150

2,220

2,010

2,080

2,010

2,150

1,620

1,940

2,150

2,380

1,820

1,820

2,010

1,160

1,220

1,270

1,160

1,500

1,820

1,440

1,270

1,110

1,752

1,270

1,220

1,270

1,320

1,160

1,220

1,560

1,560

1,750

1,440

2,080

1,500

1,320

1 CftA

1,820

1,820

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,320

1,680

Feb.

2,150

2,150

2,150

2,380

2,380

2,080

1,940

1,380

2,150

2,150

1,940

2,150

2,010

1,820

1,880

2,220

1,940

1,940

2,150

2,010

1,820

2,220

2,150

2,380

2,080

2,380

2,150

1,880

1,380

1,270

1,440

1,620

1,160

825

1,620

1,620

1,320

2,010

1,820

1,440

1,160

1,320

1,940

1,880

1,680

1,620

1,560

1,440

1,270

1,270

1,270

1,560

1,440

1,560

1 OQA

Mar.

2,010

2,300

2,080

2,220

2,300

2,610

2,780

2,220

2,080

1,680

1,940

1,940

1,940

2,150

2,960

2,700

2,610

2,300

2,610

2,780

4,310

4,520

4,310

3,800

3,700

4,200

4,000

3,510

3,600

4,100

4,840

1,320

1,380

960

1,750

1,500

1,680

1,440

1,620

1,110

1,160

1,750

1,560

1,750

2,150

1 Qdft

1,820

2,610

2,530

1,750

1,750

2,380

3,700

3,900

3 oftft

3,320

4,000

4,840

4,620

5,170

5,390

4,620

Apr.

3,510

3,700

3,600

2,610

2,300

5,060

6,540

6,070

5,170

4,310

3,800

3,140

3,900

3,600

2,700

3,050

3,510

4,100

4,520

4,420

4,840

4,730

4,100

4,310

3,420

4,200

4,950

4,950

4,730

4,310

4,950

4,620

3,900

3,230

3,230

3,050

2,780

2,300

2,700

2,610

2,870

3,900

4,620

4,840

5,280

4,620

5,390

4,200

4,620

5 sum

4,730

4 950

5! 060

4,520

1 7(lfi

3,700

4.200

1,880

2,610

3,050

May.

4,000

3,510

3,420

2,780

2,080

2,010

1,820

2,010

2,220

2,150

2,010

1,820

1,880

1,440

1,270

1,330

1,220

2,870

3,420

4,420

4,310

4,420

4,620

4,200

3,420

3,140

3,230

3,900

2,610

1,750

2,220

1,620

1,560

1,820

2,380

2,610

2,700

1,500

1,440

2,080

2,870

2,700

1,820

2,080

1,750

1,620

3,600

3,700

'3,420

3,420

E OQA

6,180

6,300

7,180

7,180

6,920

5,500

4,950

S

oon

3,700

3,600

3,320

June.

2,700

1,880

1,820

1,620

1,110

602

1,820

1,560

1,940

2,010

1,680

1,440

1,620

1,500

1,220

1,110

695

1,220

1,220

624

752

960

647

670

1,060

470

414

1,110

1,110

1,110

3,140

2,960

2,300

2,150

4,620

4,730

4,620

3,050

2,700

3,050

2,080

1 880 ileso

1,500

1,320

1,380

1,160

1,060

695

1,060

1,110

1,110

1,010

720

695

1 nfio

1,110

1,110

July.

1,060

1,010

670

522

455

602

390

602

1,270

1,220

1,160

624

1,010

1,160

1,060

1,220

1,010

912

865

1,010

624

1,060

1.110

865

1,110

1,110

1,060

1,110

1,110

1 060 i'no

1,010

960

752

670

624

1,060

1,880

1,750

720

1,560

1,500

1,680

.1 270

1,500

1,440

1,060

1,060

1,220

2,380

2 080

1,380

2,150

1,110

1,500

2,010

1,940

1,940

1,940

1^680

1,010

Aug.

602

602

1,380

1,160

1,220

1,010

1,010

720

912

1,010

440

1,060

402

960

624

785

1,010

1,010

1,060

1,010

912

581

1,060

912

1,160

1,160

1,320

1,060

960

1,060

1,500

3,230

3,510

3,600

2,530

2,080

2,010

2,220

2,300

2,530-

2,960

2,700

2,870

2,870

2,960

1 880

1,940

1,820

1,380

1,820

i nfifi

1,220

2,010

2,610

2,450

2,150

2,300

2,150

2,530

2,010

1,380

1,680

Sept.

1,440

1,440

1,440

1,320

1,440

1,220

1,010

1,060

1,270

1,620

1,500

1,380

1,160

1,680

2,300

1,750

1,010

1,220

752

1,320

1,110

1,160

912

785

1,010

1,160

1,380

1,270

752

1,500

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,270

1,750

1,500

2,080

3,700

1,500

1,620

1,880

1,680

1,880

5,280

4,420

3,600

6,790

5,060

3,900

2,870

3,900

3,800

3,230 9 ofin

3,420

2,530

3,600

S fiOfl

4,200

4,950
158 STJBFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis., for the years 

ending Sept. 30, 1910-1913 Continued.

Day.

1911-12. 

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8.............. 

9..............

10.............. 

11..............

12.............. 

13..............

14..............

15. .............

16.............. 

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27. .............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

1912-13. 

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15. .............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

5,720

 4,950

6,070

8,560

8,140

18,200

19,000

15,800 

12,300

10,500 

7,590

7,590 

6,790

6,660

6,180

8,000 

11,800

11,800

13,000

10,300

8,990

7,590

7,180

6,790

6,790

7,180

6,180

4,840

4,520

4,420

4,840 

2,610

2,780

2,960

2,610

2,300

2,960

2,960

2,610

3,140

3,140

2,960

2,960

4,730

5,170

4,310

3,900

3,900

3,900

4,100

3,700

2,960

2,780

2,960

2,780

2,300

2,450

2,300

2,610

2,300 

2,150

Nov.

4,730

4,000

4,520

2,610

2,870

3,700

4,200

3,050 

3,900

3,700 

3,140

3,900 

2,300

2,530

3,420

3,600 

2,870

2,960

3,050

3,140

2,780

3,050

3,140

3,230

3,140

3,140

3,050

3,420

3,420

3,420

2,150

1,750

2,150

2,300

2,780

2,150

2,150

2,010

2,300

2,150

2,150

2,610

2,610

2,780

2,610

1,880

2,450

2,150

2,450

2,450

2,300

2

QAft

2,010

2,300

2,150

2

1 CA

2,300

2,300

Dec.

.......

.......

.......

.......

3,140

3,320

3,140

4,310

4,730

3,900

3,510

3,320

3,320

3,140

3,510

2,450

3,140

3,140

2

7CA

2,610

3,140

3,140

2,610

2,300

2,610

2 450

2,' 150

2,610

2,450

2,150

1,880

2 1 tiA

1,620

1,880 

2,450

Jan.

.......

.......

2 1 t\f\

2,450

2,450

1,750

2,300

1,750

2

7CA

2,010

2,300

2,300

2,450

2,150

2

QAA

2,300

2

9flA

2,010

2

Qrtft

2,010

2,010

2,300

2

Q/V\

2 300

2,010

2,010

2,010

1,750

1,620

2,150

1,880 

2,010

Feb.

.......

2,300

2,300

1,880

2,010

2,010

1,880

2,010

2,010

1,750

2,150

2,150

2,610

2,300

1,750

1

7CA

1,880

1,880

1 7**ft

1,750

1,500

1,750

1 7^1

2,010

1,010

2,150

1 *iftfi

1,500

2

0Aft

Mar.

.......

.......

1 7^

1,620

1,620

1 7^1

2,010

1,750

1,500

1,620

1 7tiA

2,010

2,010

2,010

3,140

2,010

2,010

2 450

2, 150

2,610

4,100

4,100

3,320

2,780

2,610

3,140

3,320

3,700

3,140

4,100

4,950 

6,300

Apr.

960

3,140

3,320

4,310

5,170

8,140

9,570

10,800 

9,570

8,420 

8,700

8,140 

8,140

7,050

7,860

8,140 

7,590

7,320

6,300

6,070

6,070

8,140

9,570

9,860

7,590

6,540

7,860

7,590

7,320

6,540

6,790

8,420

12,000

11,100

10,500

9,280

9,570

8,990

7,860

7,590

7,590

7,050

7 050

6,790

9,570

9 sfin

12,000

12,300

12,000

10,800

9,570

8,420

8,700

8,420

8,420

7,320

7,860

6,300

5,390

4,950

May.

6,070

6,070

5,170

5,610

7,860

7,590

7,590

7,590 

6,540

5,170 

5,170

5,390 

4,730

3,140

5,170

5,840 

3,510

4,100

4,520,

4,310

4,310

5,390

8,140

9,570

8,420

6,540

8,140

9,280

9,570

8,140

7,590 

5,170

4,730

4,520

4,520

5,170

4,950

3,700

4,950

3,700

3,700

3,700

2,960

3,320

3,700

3,700

3,510

4,520

3,510

3,700

5,840

6,790

6,540

5,840

4,100

5,170

4,100

4,950

7,050 

6,790

June.

5,170

5,170

5,170

5,170

5,170

4,950

4,950

4,520 

4,310

3,140 

1,620

2,300 

2,780

2,010

2,300

2,450 

2,010

2,780

1,620

2,610

2,610

2,010

2,450

2,150

2,300

2,610

2,780

1,750

1,380

2,450

fi 7on

5,610

5,390

5,390

4,950

4,520

4,520

3,900

3,140

3,700

3,320

6,070

2

7QA

3,320

4,100

2,010

2 ofift

2

J.CA

2,780

2,610

2,610

2,610

865

2

q/y\

2,010

2 1 t\f\

2,300

2 QCA

2,010

2,300

July.

785

752

2,150

2,010

1,620

1,560

1,750

1,750 

1,380

1,880 

2,150

2,150 

1,880

1,620

1,440

1,560 

2,010

1,750

1,750

1,160

1,620

1,380

2,450

27,200

15,600

10,200

7,320

4,950

3,510

3,140

2,780 

1,880

2,300

2,010

2,300

2,300

4,100

3,320

3,510

4,950

4,520

4,950

5,390

4,950

4 QCA

3,900

5,170

4 QCA

4,310

4,520

3,320

3,320

2

QCrt

3,510

3,700

9,280

10,200

9,570

7,320 

6,070

Aug.

2,780

2,300

1,500

1,500

1,500

2,010

2,960

3,900. 

5,610

12,000 

14,000

13,600 

11,100

7,590

7,320

5,840 

6,300

5,610

5,610

6,070

5,610

4,950

4,730

4,520

4,520

3,320

4,520

3,900

3,900

4,730

5,170 

5,610

3 900

4,100

3,320

2,610

3,700

3 140

2,780

2,780

2,610

2 780

2,610

2,300

2,010

2,450

2,010

1 ^en

2

7QA

2,150

2

7QA

2 7sn

2

QAA

1 880

2,010

2,010

1 Cfirt

2,450

2,150 

1,500

Sept.

20,100

23,500

7,590

12,600

8,990

8,990

7,590

7,050 

6,300

4,950 

4,310

4,100 

3,900

4,520

4,520

4,310 

4,100

3,700

3,900

3,510

3,700

4,100

3,140

2,960

3,320

3,700

2,450

2,450

1,880

2,780

2,150

2,150

2,960

2,010

3,140

2 1 t\f\

2 Qfin

2,450

2,610

2,010

2,610

2

0AA

2,450

2

qAA

2,010

2

QAA

2

7OA

1,880

1,880

2

qAA

2

7QA

3 onn

3,510

4,100

4,950

4,100

4 950

4^520

3,510

4,100

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well defined between 785 and 12,000 secondfeet (gage heights 3.7 and 9.0 feet); below 785 second-feet (g_age height 3.7 feet), the rating curve is simply

an extension, and estimates should be used with caution. ...... tiarge .estimates .. _ ,tes ... have'been have'beer made ......Dec. 1,

1911, to Mar. 31, 1912, as discharge relation was probably seriously affected by ice. Discharge for winter 

periods of the other years determined from open-water rating, may be too high.
UPPEK MISSISSIPPI BIVEB DRAINAGE BASIN. 159

Monthly discharge of Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis., for the years ending Sept. SO,

1910-1913.

[Drainage area, 2630 square miles.o]

Month.

1909-10.

May...........................................................

July............................................................

The year .................................................

1910-11. 

October. .......................................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

The year. ................................................

1911-12. 

October. . ......................................................

April...........................................................

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

1911-23.

March... ................... . . ............ .

May...........................................................

July...........................................................

Discharge In second-feet.

Maximum.

2,010 

8,620 

4,460 

2,380 

2,380 

4,840 

6,540 

4,620 

2,700 

1,270 

1,500 

2,300

8,620

1,880 

1,940 

1,820 

2,080 

2,010 

5,390 

5,840 

7,180 

4,730 

2,380 

3,600 

6,790

7,180

19,000 

4,730 

10,800 

9,570 

5,170 

27,200 

14,000 

23,500

5,170 

3,320 

4,730 

2,780 

2,610 

6,300 

12,300 

7,050 

6,790 

10,200 

5,610 

4,950

12,300

Minimum.

810 

1,080 

1,600 

1,620 

1,380 

1,680 

2,300 

1,220 

414 

390 

402 

752

390

541

695 

720 

752 

825 

960 

1,880 

1,440 

695 

624 

1,060 

1,270

541

4,420 

2,300 

960 

3,140 

1,380 

752 

1,500 

1,880

2,150 

1,750 

1,620 

1,620 

1,010 

1,500 

4,950 

2,960 

865 

1,880 

1,380 

1,880

865

Mean.

1,410

4,250 

2,370 

2,090 

2,070 

2,940 

4,140 

2,760 

1,260 

941 

957 

1,280

2,200

1,430 

1,180 

1,210 

1,410 

1,480 

2,560 

3,930 

3,560 

1,910 

1,450 

2,280 

3,060

2,120

8,650 

3,330 

7,190 

6,330 

3,090 

3,650 

5,450 

5,970

3,090 

2,320 

2,870 

2,140 

1,910 

2,670 

8,750 

4,630 

3,390 

4,570 

2,620 

2,930

3,490

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

C. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C.

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C.

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C.

B. 

B. 

B. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

« Estimates of discharge in "Second-feet per square mile" and "Run-off (depth in inches on drainage 

area)" withheld as misleading. See "Regulation" in station description.

NOTE. See footnote to table of daily discharge.

WISCONSIN RIVER, NEAR NECEDAH, WIS.

Location. At highway bridge known as Pete in Well Bridge, about 3 miles east of 

Necedah, Wis., on the road from Necedah. to Strongs Prairie, about 5 miles above 

mouth of Big Roche a Cri Creek (entering from the left). 

Records available. December 2, 1902, to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 5,800 square miles.
160 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PAET V.

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge. Gage heights for the year 1909 (published 

in Water-Supply Paper 265) are approximately 0.04 too high; gage heights for

1910 (Water-Supply Paper 285) approximately 0.08 too high; gage heights for

1911 (Water-Supply Paper 305) approximately 0.13 too high; gage heights January to September, 1912 (Water-Supply Paper 325) approximately 0.17 too high; 

gage heights for October to December, 1912, should be used as given in the following 

tables; gage heights for 1913 refer to original datum.

Channel and control. Sandy and shifting.

Floods. The highest stage recorded at this station is 16.8 feet on October 10, 1911.

Winter flow. Discharge relation greatly modified by ice which forms at the gage to 

a thickness of 1 to 2 feet.

Accuracy. Owing to the fact that the bed of the river shifts considerably, estimates 

based on occasional discharge measurements should be used with great caution. 

Discharge measurements made in 1910 and 1913 indicate a change in the discharge 

relation ranging from about 10 per cent at high stage to about 50 per cent at low 

water. Estimates of discharge for this period have not been prepared as the data 

available are not sufficient to warrant their publication.

Cooperation. Gage heights furnished by courtesy of Wisconsin Valley Improvement Co.

The following discharge measurement was made by B. J. Peterson: August 18,1913: 

Gage height, 5.13 feet; discharge, 2,670 second-feet.

Daily gage height, infeef, of Wisconsin River near Necedah, Wis., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[Michael Coughlin, observer.]

Day.

1... ........... 

2.......... .

3.............. 

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10. .............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22.............. 

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28.............. 

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

6.6 

6.4

6.3

6.3

5.9

6.2

6.2

6.0

6.2

6.4

6.2

7.4

7.5

7.2

7.1

7.0

6.6

6.2

6.4 

6.4

6.0

6.1

6.3

6.2

6.0 

6.2

6.0

5.8

Nov.

5.8 

5.8

5.8 

5.6

5.8

5.2

5.8

5.7

5.7

5.6

5.4

5.8

5.8

5.7

6.1

6.1

6.0

5.9

6.0

5.9

5.7

5.9 

5.8

5.8

6.2

6.0

5.8

5.8 

5.6

5.4

Dec.

5.3

5.5

6.0 

6.2

7.0

7.5

7.7

7.9

6.6

6.3

6.6

7.9

8.3

8.5

8.7

8.2

8.3

8.5

8.1

8.2

8.3

7.3

8.1

7.9

7.8

7.8

7.5

7.4 

7.4

7.3

7.6

Jan.

7.3 

7.1

7.0

fl Q

6.9

6.7

6.5

.......

Feb.

6.6

6.4

6.4

6.4

.......

Mar.

6.5

6.5

8.5

9.7

10.6

11.8

13.4

9.3

9.2

9.0 

9.8

9.8

9.3

9.3

9.0

9.0 

9.4

8.2

8.0

Apr.

8.6 

9.6

11.1

12.0

12.7

13.7

13.9

13.6

11.7

11.1

10.1

10.5

10.6

10.6

10.6

10.6

10.6

10.4

10.6

10.8

10.9

10.6 

9.9

9.8

9.7

9.1

9.2

8.9 

8.7

8.4

May.

8.2 

8.1

7.7 

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.5

8.4

8.0

7.8

7.7

7.6

7.3

7.2

7.4

7.1

7.7

8.9

8.7

9.0

8.7

8:6 

9.9

10.6

10.6

9 6

8.9

8.4 

8.0

8.9

9.0

June.

10.0 

10.1

9.6

8.3

8.0

7.6

7.4

7.2

7.2

6.9

7.6

6.3

6.2

6.5

6.4

6.2

6.7

6.5

6.4

6.2

6.6

7.0 

7.2

6.8

6.8

6.3 

6.8

7 ^

July.

6.3 

6.0

6.0 

5.8

5.8

6.2

6.2

6.4

7.1

7.4

7.6

7.5

7.5

7.5

^ 8.4

7 Q

7.6

7.4

7.4

7.6

7.6

7.5

7.4

6.7

6.6

6.3

6.2

6.1 

7.7

9.4

9.8

Aug.

9.2

8.4

6.9 

7.3

6.4

5.9

6.1

6.0

6.0

6.1

5.9

6.1

5.9

- 6.2

. 5.5

5.6

5.7

5.7

5.6

5.2

5.2

5.4 

5.5

5.0

5.3

5.5

5.4

5.3

5.4

5.4

5.3

Sept.

5.2 

4.9

- 5.5 

5.2

5.4

5.3

5.6

5.0

5.5

5.6

5.7

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.0

5.2

4.9

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.2

5.1 

5.3

5.8

5.8

6.4

6.3

6.6

6.4

6.4

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Dec. 1,1912, to Mar. 20,1913,
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI EIVEE DEAINAGE BASIN. 161

TURKEY EIVEE AT GAEBEE, IOWA.

Location. At single-span highway bridge at Garber, 800 feet above mouth of Wayne 

Creek, which enters from the right.

Records available. August 29 to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 1,560 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage attached to the bridge, read morning and evening to quartertenths. Limits of use: Hundredths below 3.0, half-tenths from 3.0 to 4.0, and 

tenths above 4.0 feet.

Channel and control. Sand and mud; shifting.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or, at low water, by wading.

Regulation. The operation of an electric-light plant and grist mill at Elkader 

probably produces a slight daily fluctuation.

Floods. What is probably the highest stage within the past 20 years occurred May 

18, 1902, when the river reached a stage indicated by high-water mark on door 

of A. F. Grafe's residence in Garber about 23.7 feet above gage datum.

Accuracy. Gage-height record reliable; data insufficient for estimates of discharge.

Discharge measurements of Turkey River at Garber, Iowa, during the year ending Sept. 30,

1913.

Date.

29

Made by 

W. G. Hoyt..............................................................

B. J. Peterson ............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.80

2.88

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

181

151

Daily gage height, in feet, of Turkey River at Garber, Iowa, for the year ending Sept. SO,

1913. 

[E. J. Prolow, observer.]

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

Aug. Sept.

2.90

2.90

2.80

2.75

2.72

2.75

2.72

3.9.

3.0

2.81

Day.

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17. .............

18..............

19..............

20..............

Aug. Sept.

3.3

3.0

2.90

2.90

2.90

3.2

2.95

2.82

2.81

4.1

Day.

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Aug.

2.88

2.92

2.92

Sept.

3.5

3.2

3.0

2.96

2.96

3.1

2.99

2.94

2.90

3.2

MAQUOKETA EIVEE ABOVE MOUTH OF NOETH FOEK OF MAQUOKETA 

EIVER, NEAE MAQUOKETA, IOWA.

Location. At the Goddard Bridge, about 6 miles west of Maquoketa, about 1,000 

feet above mouth of Punkin Run entering from the right, and about 7 miles above 

mouth of North Fork of Maquoketa Eiver.

Records available. August 31 to September 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 957 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage attached to the bridge; read once daily, in the morning, to halftenths. Limits of use: Half-tenths below and tenths above 3.0 feet.

Channel and control. Control not well denned; channel somewhat shifting.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Regulation. The operation of a grist mill at Canton, about 12 miles upstream, 

probably produces a slight daily fluctuation at the gage.

Accuracy. Gage-height record reliable. Data insufficient for estimates of discharge.

91388° WSP 355 15 11
162 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

The following discharge measurement was made by S. B. Soule": 

August 31, 1913: Gage height, 2.01 feet; discharge, 194 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Maquoketa River above mouth of North Fork Maquoketa River 

near Maquoketa, Iowa, for the year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

[Frank Prindle, observer.]

Day.

1... ....................

2.......................

3.......................

4.......................

5.......................

6.......................

7.......................

8.......................

9.......................

10.......................

Sept.

1.95

2.0

1.9

1.95

2.0

2.0

2.1

1.9

2.0

1.95

Day.

11.......................

12

13.......................

14.......................

15.......................

16.......................

17.......................

18.......................

19.......................

20.......................

Sept.

2.0

2.0

2.1

2.05

2.0

2.1

2.0

2.15

2.1

2.1

Day.

21.......................

22

23.......................

24.......................

25.......................

26.......................

27.......................

28.......................

29.......................

30.......................

Sept.

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.15

9 1

2.15

2.1

2.1

2.0

2.1

MAQUOKETA RIVER BELOW MOUTH OF NORTH FORK OF MAQUOKETA 

RIVER, NEAR MAQUOKETA, IOWA.

Location. In the southwest corner of the NE. J eec. 17, T. 84 N., R. 3 E., at the 

Bridgeport Bridge, about 3 miles northeast of Maquoketa, 1,200 feet above the 

mouth of Mill Creek which enters from the right, and about 2 miles below the 

mouth of North Fork Maquoketa River.

Records available. September 1 to 30, 1913.

Drainage area. 1,570 square miles.

Channel and control. Control not well denned; channel shifting.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge.

Regulation. Practically none.

Accuracy. Gage-height record reliable; data inadequate for estimates of discharge.

Discharge measurements of Maquoketa River below mouth of North Fork Maquoketa River 

near Maquoketa, Iowa, during the year ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Aug. 21

30

Made by 

W.G.Hoyt.. ............................................................

S. B.Soul<s...............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.87

2.30

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

564

396

Daily gage height, in feet, of Maquoketa River below mouth of North Fork of Maquoketa 

River, near Maquoketa, Iowa, for the year ending Sept. SO, 1913.

[John Strodthoff, observer.]

Day.

1..... .................. 

2.......................

3.......................

4.......................

5....................... 

6.......................

7....................... 

8....................... 

9.......................

10.......................

Sept.

2.25 

2.30

2.28

2.25

2.25 

2.25

2.25 

2.22 

2.22

2.22

Day.

11.......................

12

10

14.......................

15....................... 

16.......................

17....................... 

18.......................

1Q

20.......................

Sept.

2.22 

2.22

2.28

2.41

2.28 

2.30

2.38 

2.35 

2.32

2.48

Day.

21.......................

22.......................

23.......................

24.......................

25.......................

26.......................

27....................... 

28.......................

29.......................

30.......................

Sept.

2.55 

2.50

2.48

2.38

2.40 

2.32

2.28 

2.30 

2.25

2.30
TJPPEB MISSISSIPPI EIVEE DRAINAGE BASIN. 16B

WAPSIPINICON EIVEE AT STONE CITY, IOWA.

Location. At the highway bridge at Stone City, Iowa, a short distance above the

Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway bridge, about 4 miles above the mouth

of Buffalo Creek.

Records available. August 19, 1903, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 1,310 square miles. 

Gage. Chain gage attached to bridge; read daily, in the morning, to quarter-tenths.

Limits of use: Hundredtha below 3.0, half-tenths from 3.0 to 4.0, and tenths

above 4.0 feet. 

Channel and control. Remains of a loose rock dam under the Chicago, Milwaukee

& St. Paul Railway bridge, practically permanent, forms the control. 

Discharge measurements. Made from upstream side of bridge. 

Floods. The high water of July, 1892, reached a stage of 28 feet referred to the present

gage. According to the observer, this record is probably correct within one-half

foot. 

Winter flow. Discharge relaton affected by ice that forms to a thickness of 1 to 2i

feet. 

Regulation. The operation of a power plant installed in 1912 at Center City, about

20 miles above the station, may possibly cause some diurnal fluctuation at the

gage. 

Cooperation. Gage heights furnished by Frank Dearborn, of Stone City, Iowa.

Discharge measurements of Wapsipinicon River at Stone City, Iowa, during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Nov. 9

Sept. 2

Made by 

S. B. Soul6..............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.95

2.38

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

198

71.6

Daily gage height, in feet, of Wapsipinicon River at Stone City, Iowa, for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

[Frank Dearborn, observer.]

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4.............. 

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12.............. i«j

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

10

19..............

20..............

21..............

22.............. 

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Oct.

3.2

3.25

3.1

3.05 

3.0

2.88

2.96

2.85

3.3

3.65

3.9

3.75

4.15

3.95

3.65 

3.35

3.45

3.3

3.3

3.25

3.3

3.25 

3.1

3.2

3.15

3.0

3.1

2.98

3.15 

3.0

3.1

Nov.

3.05

3.0

3.05

3.25 

3.05

3.0

3.0

2.90

3.0

2.98

3.0

2.96

3.3

3.5

3.45 

3.5

3.35

^ i<\

3.05

3.1

3.1

3.0 

3.0

3.0

3T.O

2.98

2.95

2.98

3.0 

3.9

Dec.

3.3

3.1

3.1

3.1

9 79

2.94

3.2

3.2

3.15

3.2

3.2

3.15

3.1

3.1

^ 1

.......

3.1

.......

Jan.

3.1

.......

3.1

3.1

3.0

2.8

Feb.

"2." 65'

2 48

.......

2.82

.......

9 7*

Mar.

.......

5.6

<\ Q

6.0

6.2

6.6

7.8

9.0 

9.6

10.1

10.4

10.5

9.8

9.0

8.8 

8.4

10.2

10.5

10.1

9.8

8.6

7.4 

7.2

7.1

Apr.

6.6

6.1

5.8

5.6 

5.6

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.8

6.4

6.6

6.6

6.7

6.4

6.1 

5.6

5.4

5.4

4.9

4.7

4.6

4.4

4.0

3.85

3.7

3.5

3.35

3.55

3.55 

3.35

May.

3

<j

3.3

3.25

3.6 

4.0

4.4

4.6

4. 7

4.6

A Q

4.0

4. Q

4.4

4. 7

5.1

5.0

5.3

e Q

4.8

4. Q

5.8

6.5 

7.2

8.9

9.3

8.2

7.9

8.3

9.2 

9.4

8.1

Jane.

6.5

5.7

4.9

4.7 

4.4

4.2

4.6

3.95

4.0

3.9

3.7

3.8

3.65

3.7

3.7 

3.9

3.55

3.5

3.3

3.4

3.35

3.3 

3.35

3.3

3.45

3.35

3.35

3 on

3.35

2 7

July.

2.80

2.88

2.72

2.70 

2.72

2.68

3.75

2.68

3.2

2.82

2.56

2.55

2.52

2.56

2.58 

2.62

2.97

2.92

2.80

2.56

2.57

2.59 

 2.78

2.72

2.60

2.56

2.62

a 71

2.82 

2.70

2.63

Aug.

2.65

2.62

2.68

2.58 

2.58

2.56

2.36

2.35

2.44

2.55

2.48

2.78

2.63

2.40

2.95 

2.80

2.62

2.47

2.55

2.42

2.52

2.70 

2.45

2.42

2.35

2.35

2.33

2.38.

2.38 

2.40

2.42

Sept.

2

QQ

2.42

2.36

2.40

O QQ

2.38

2.38

2.45

2 64

O Aft

2

AQ

2.43

o An

2.38

2.33 

2.40

o An

O Aft

2.58

2.55

9 Jit

2.40 

2.45

2.60

0 4$

9 4A

2.38

o qo

2.40 

2.48

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Dec. 7,1912, to Mar. 8,1913.
164

Daily di

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

, in second-feet, of Wapsipinicon River at Stone City, Iowa, for the year 

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

295

315

238

220

185

208

177

335

488

610

738

635

488

355

398

335

335

315

335

315

255

295

275

220

255

214

275

220

255

Nov.

238

220

238

315

238

220

220

190

220

214

220

208

335

420

398

420

355

275

238

255

255

220

220

220

220

214

205

214

220

610

Dec.

335

255

occ

255

143

202

Jan. Feb. Mar.

1,540

1,700

1,760

1,880

2,120

2,940

3,840

4,320

4,720

4,980

5,070

4,480

3,840

3,690

3,390

4,800

5,070

4,720

4,480

3,540

2,660

2,520

2,450

Apr.

2,120

1,820

1,640

1,540

1,540

1,370

1,320

1,320

1,640

2,000

2,120

2,120

2,180

2,000

1,820

1,540

1,420

1,420

1,150

1,040

985

875

660

585

510

420

355

442

442

355

May.

335

335

315

465

660

875

985

1,040

985

820

660

820

875

1,040

1,260

1,200

1,370

1,370

1,100

1,150

1,640

2,060

2,520

3,760

4,080

3,240

3,020

3,320

4,000

4,160

3,160

June.

2,060

1,590

1,150

1,040

875

765

985

635

660

610

510

560

488

510

510

610

442

420

335

375

355

335

355

335

398

355

355

635

355

138

July.

164

185

143

138

143

133

535

133

295

169

105

103

96

105

110

119

211

196

164

105

107

112

159

143

114

105

119

141

169

138

121

Aug.

126

119

133

110

110

105

68

66

81

103

88

159

121

74

205

164

119

87

103

78

96

138

S3

78

66

66

63

71

71

74

78

Sept.

71

78

68

74

71

71

71

83

124

74

88

79

74

71

63

~ 7474

78

110

103

74

74

83

114

78

74

71

71

74

88

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 58 and 2,380 second-feet 

(gage heights, 2.3 and 7.0 feet). Discharge estimated, because of ice, from gage heights, observer's notes, 

climatic records, and discharge of adjacent drainage areas, as follows: Dec. 7-31, 1912, 170 second-feet; 

Jan. 1-31,1913,170 second-feet; Feb. 1-28,140 second-feet; and Mar. 1-8,300 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of Wapsipinicon River at Stone City, Iowa, for the year ending Sept.

OU, %n 1 Q 1 % * 4&1.O.

[Drainage area, 1,310 square miles.]

Month.

December. ............................;.

March. ..................................

July.....................................

September ..............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

738 

610

5,070

2,180 

4,160 

. 2,060 

535 

205 

124

5,070

Minimum.

177 

190

355 

315 

138 

96 

63 

63

Mean.

335

268 

184 

170 

140 

2,670 

1,290 

1,700 

625 

154 

100 

80.0

648

Per

square 

mile.

0.256 

.205 

.140 

.130 

.107 

2.04 

.985 

1.30 

.477 

.118 

.076 

.061

.495

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage

area).

0.30 

.23 

.16 

.15 

.11 

2.35 

1.10 

1.50 

.53 

.14 

.09 

.07

6.73

Accuracy.

A. 

A.

B. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

IOWA EIVER NEAR IOWA FALLS, IOWA.

Location. About 1 mile above Iowa Falls and 2 miles below the Northwestern Railway bridge.

Records available. August 5, 1911, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. Not measured.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 165

Gage. Vertical staff 

read morning and ev 

2.0, half-tenths from

Channel and control. 

Discharge measurements 

gage; at high stages 

depot. A small cree

Winter now.

Regulation. A dam 7

thought that 

Data inadequate

fastened to a maple tree on the north or left bank of the river, 

suing to quarter-tenths. Limits of use: Hundredths below 

.0 to 3.0, and tenths above 3.0 feet. 

Rock; permanent.

. At low water made by wading in the vicinity of the 

Tom Illinois Central Railroad bridge one-fourth mile from

enters from the left between the bridge and gage. 

Discharge relation affected by ice.

:niles above the gage at Alden is used occasionally. It is 

the flow at the gage is the natural flow of the stream, 

JLXCtrUC* JJ-LCbVi.V/\J U4*UV for JLVSJ. estimates V O V U JJJ.C* l/V-'KJ \JJL of discharge. U. J.U\^J-L«/J. £j V .

Discharge measurements o f Iowa River near Iowa Falls, Iowa, during the year endinn

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Nov. 7

7

Made by 

.....do..............

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.61

.61

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

28.1 in 9

Date. Made by 

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.48

.48

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

10.6

11.1

NOTE. Measurements made 

Daily gage height, in feet,

>y wading.

>/ Iowa River near Iowa Falls, Iowa, for the year ending Sept.

30, 1913. 

[Albert Kulas, observer.]

Day.

1..............

2..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

0.56 

.72 

.60 

.60 

.62

.62 

.62

.72 

.65 

.71

.78 

.72 

1.05 

1.00 

1.00

.94 

.89 

.84 

.80 

.81

.90 

1.05 

1.00 

.98 

.98

.94 

.90 

.90 

.88 

.88 

.85

Nov.

0.85 

.86 

.85 

.92 

.82

.72 

.68 

.90 

.76 

.78

.72 

.79 

.81 

.82 

.84

.82 

.85 

.72 

.66 

.82

.81

.84 

.88 

.75 

.82

.69 

.56 

.72 

.90

,78

NOTE. Discharge relation af 

reported slush ice below the ga;

Dec.

0.85

.85 

.74 

.88 

.98

1.00 

1.00 

.94 

.95 

.80

.82 

.80 

.85 

.85 

.86

.90

.88 

.89 

.90 

.90

.92 

.94 

.91 

.92 

.90

.90 

.92 

.95 

.92 

.95 

.99

Jan.

0.91 

1.00 

1.04

.98 

.88

1.0 

1.05 

1.0 

.98 

1.0

1.05 

1.0 

1.05 

1.0 

1.05

1.05 

1.1 

1.1 

1.15 

1.2

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2

Feb.

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.25

1.2 

1.15 

1.2 

1.3 

1.3

1.2 

1.2 

1.3 

1.3 

1.3

1.25 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2

1.2 

1.3 

1.3 

1.25 

1.25

1.3

1.25 

1.25

Mar.

1.25 

1.2 

1.4 

1.4 

1.3

1.25 

1.3

1.8 

1.75 

1.8

2.0 

2.15 

2.25 

3.5

4.8

5.1 

3.5

2.8 

2.1 

2.0

1.7 

2.0

1.4 

2.45 

2.4

2.4 

2.5 

1.85 

1.8 

1.75 

1.65

Apr.

1.45 

1.39 

1.38 

1.40 

1.40

1.40 

1.45 

1.75 

2.1

2.7

2.95 

3.2 

3.2 

3.0

2.65

2.35 

2.1 

1.9 

1.75 

1.55

1.5 

1.42 

1.39 

1.36 

1.36

1.31 

1.29 

1.31 

1.31

1.28

May.

1.20 

1.12 

1.08 

1.39 

1.6

1.7 

1.65 

1.6 

1.6

1.65

1.5

1.48 

1.5 

1.6 

2.05

2.3 

2.4 

2.5 

2.55 

2.7

2.95 

3.1 

3.2 

3.3 

3.2

3.0 

2.9 

3.0 

3.0 

2.95 

2.5

June.

2.15 

1.95

1.75 

1.55

1.48

1.44 

1.29 

1.26 

1.20 

1.18

1.11 

1.10 

1.02 

1.00 

1.00

.98 

.94 

.90 

.89 

.88

.89 

.88 

.80 

.80 

.88

.90 

.89 

.90

.86 

.81

July.

0.80

.78 

.90 

.82 

.78

.71 

.70 

.70

.68 

.65

.68 

.79 

.74 

.70 

.70

.70 

.70

.78 

.68 

.44

.60 

.62 

.69

.68 

.69

.68 

.68 

.66 

.66 

.88 

.58

Aug.

0.55 

.60

.48 

.50

.54

.54 

.59 

.44 

.50 

.50

.60 

.60 

.70 

.66 

.65

.60 

.62 

.65 

.59 

.60

.60

.65 

.75 

.75 

.71

.59

.68 

.59 

.50 

.35

.45

Sept!

0.49 

.51 

.48 

.49 

.49

.49 

.50 

.60 

.65 

.50

.55 

.65 

.49 

.52 

.70

.52

.64 

.48 

.70 

.65

.52 

.72 

.55 

.62 

.66

.72

.75 

.80 

.70

.72

ected by ice about Dec. 8, 1912, to Mar. 14, 1913. On Mar. 22, 1913, observer

;e.

CEDAR RIVER NEAR AUSTIN, MINN.

Location. In sec. 15, T. 102 N., R. 18 W., just below the dam of the Red Cedar mill,

2 miles below Austin.

Records available. May 29, 1909, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 425 square miles.
166 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Gage. Chain gage since May 2, 1913, read to quarter-tenths three times daily when 

Red Cedar mill (see "Regulation ") is in operation and twice daily at other times. 

Limits of use: Hundredths below 3.0, half-tenths from 3.0 to 4.0, and tenths 

above 4.0 feet.

Winter flow. The discharge relation was probably not materially affected by ice 

during the winter of 1912-13.

Regulation. Immediately above the station is the power plant known as Red Cedar 

mill. During the low-water season the water is drawn down below the crest of 

the dam by the end of the 10 or 12 hour run, and after the turbine is closed the 

water is held back for several hours before it has risen sufficiently to flow over the 

crest. Consequently the stage of the river changes considerably during each 24 

hours.

Accuracy. Owing to the slightly shifting channel, the growth of vegetation, and 

fluctuations in stage caused by the operation of the power house records are only 

fair.

Discharge measurements of Cedar River near Austin, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913,

Date.

Jan. 24

Apr. 1

May 21

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage

Feet. 

2.51

3.06

4.67

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

o58.4

195

6676

Date.

25

Made by 

S. B. Bmd6... ..........

.....do..................

height.

Feet. 

4.90

2.71

2.75

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

. 766

c57.2

c67.7

a Velocities determined by subsurface method.

6 Slight obstruction from barbed wires in river just below gage.

e Large amount of grass at control.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Cedar River near Austin, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

[J. C. King, observer.]

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2.11

2.47

9 47

2.48

2.49

2.33

2.37

2.42

2.44

2.42

2.52

2.60

2.43

2.69

2.59

2.53

2.51

2.51

2.46

2.32

2.55

2.56

2.49

2.45

2.49

2.36

2.42

2.44

2.42

2.47

Nov.

2.45

2.46

2.33

2.40

2.42

2.48

2.43

2.46

2.44

2.31

2.38

2.52

2.66

2.65

2.66

2.64

2.48

2.58

2.56

2.56

2.57

2.48

2.50

2.33

2.53

2.52

2.54

2.37

2.52

2.58

Dec.

2.43

2.36

2.36

2.42

2.42

2.34

2.34

2.30

2.47

2.42

2.23

2.27

2.24

2.21

2.08

2.35

2.47

2.44

2.41

2.27

2.20

2.00

2.39

2.26

2.11

2.35

2.30

2.22

1.97

2.25

2.37

Jan.

2

00

2.22

2

00

2.24

2 05

2.40

2

O7

2.33

2.05

2.40

2.05

2.43

2.36

1.92

2.15

2.36

9 Qfi

2.25

2.21

2.31

2.30

2.43

2.44

2.31

2.38

2.27

Feb.

2.34

1.98

2.31

2.33

2.01

2.56

2.01

2.36

2.06

2.28

2.29

2.38

2.52

2.06

2.28

2.19

2.30

2.28

1.98

2.30

2.31

2.66

2.01

2.38

2.22

2.34

2.00

Mar.

2.29

2.59

2.27

2.25

2.37

2.20

3.85

4.4

5.6

5.7

4.9

4.1

6.7

5.05

4.2

3.45

3.25

3.3

3.05

2.95

2.81

2.76

6.5

6.5

4.5

3.4

3.3

3.4

3.35

3.25

Apr.

3.05

3.05

3.5

3.35

3.1

2.92

2.87

2.81

2.79

3.1

3.7

4.1

3.65

3.5

3.15

3.05

2.92

2.85

2.80

2 71

2.77

2.73

2.68

2.71

2.71

2.64

2.66

2.62

9 fifi

May.

2.56

2.57

2.76

3.15

3.20

3.00

2.89

2.80

2.80

2.74

2.67

2.73

2.66

2.82

3.35

3.8

4.7

4.8

4.3

4.5

4.7

4.5

4.0

3.6

3.3

3.4

3.3

3.15

3.1

2.87

2.87

June.

2.63

2.74

2.68

2.66

2.64

2.62

2.62

2.47

2.52

2.54

2.52

2.45

2.36

2.45

2.34

2.42

2.42

2.41

2.41

2.50

2.46

2.38

2.46

2.49

5.5

6.7

4.7

3.8

3.15

2.93

July.

2.73

2.66

2.61

2.47

2.53

2.86

2.82

2.67

2.57

2.64

2.65

2.55

2.66

2.58

2.66

2.59

2.62

2.50

2.39

2.53

2.50

2.48

2.46

2.44

2.45

2.37

2.45

2.54

2.53

2.75

Aug.

2 79

2.61

2.52

2.58

2.55

2.48

2.46

2.51

2.51

2.69

2.76

2.78

2.70

2.59

2.57

2.55

2.50

2.62

2.74

2.74

3.25

3.3

3.1

2.95

2.76

2.60

2.58

2.52

2.58

2.47

Sept.

2.61

2.62

2.60

2.56

O Af\

2.42

 > 17

2.55

2.44

2.43

2.44

2.47

2.47

2.21

2.55

2.49

2.49

2.49

2.52

2.57

2.48

2.58

2.50

2.70

2.74

2.71

2.64

2.54

2.70

2.67

NOTE. Discharge relation probably not materially affected by ice during the year ending Sept. 30,1913.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 167

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cedar River near Austin, Minn., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19. .............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

7.5

51

51

63

54

30

36

43

46

43

60

76

45

98

74

62

58

58

50

28

66

68

54

48

54

46

34

43

46

43

51

Nov.

48

50

30

M\

43

53

45

50

46

26

37

60

90

88

90

86

53

72

68

68

70

53

56

30

62

60

64

36

60

72

Dec.

45

34

34

43

43

31

31

25

23

21

18

22

19

16

6.3

32

51

46

42

22

15

4.5

38

91

f.5

32

25

17

4.2

20

36

Jan.

18

17

18

10

6

4n

36

30

6

40

43

6

34

45

34

4

11

36

34

34

20

16

26

25

45

28

46

26

21

37

22

Feb.

31

4

26

nn

5

68

5

34

6

23

24

37

60

6

23

14

25

23

4

25

26

90

5

37

17

17

31

4

Mar.

74

24

74

99

20

36

15

413

586

1,030

1,070

762

490

1,450

819

522

296

241

254

189

163

128

115

1,370

1,370

618

282

254

282

268

241

Apr.

189

189

310

268

202

155

142

128

122

202

368

490

353

310

215

189

155

138

125

102

118

108

95

102

102

100

86

90

81

76

May.

68

70

115

215

228

176

148

125

125

110

93

108

90

130

268

398

688

724

554

618

688

618

458

338

254

282

254

215

202

142

142

June.

83

110

95

90

86

81

81

51

60

64

60

48

34

48

31

43

43

42

42

56

50

37

50

54

990

1,450

688

398

215

158

July.

62

50

42

22

43

^tn

90

81

51

36

46

48

32

50

37

50

38

43

25

14

30

25

23

21

19

20

13

20

31

30

66

Aug.

60

42

28

37

32

23

21

26

26

54

68

72

56

38

36

32

25

72

43

64

64

189

202

150

112

68

40

37

28

37

22

Sept.

42

43

40

34

15

17

4

32

19

18

19

22

22

5

32

24

24

24

28

36

23

37

25

56

64

58

46

31

56

51

NOTE. Daily discharge Oct. 1,1912, to June 30,1913, computed from a rating curve well defined between 

6.7 and 1,370 second-feet (gage heights 2.1 and 6.5 feet). Daily discharge July 1 to Sept. 30,1913, computed 

from a rating curve based on the discharge measurements made on Sept. 25.1913. The discharge relation 

was probably affected by backwater from grass during the latter period. Estimates of discharge for January and February may possibly be somewhat too high as the open-water rating curve was used during 

these months.

Monthly discharge of Cedar River near Austin, Minn., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1913. 

[Drainage area, 425 square miles.]

Month.

March...................................

April....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

98 

90 

51 

46 

90 

1,450 

490 

724 

1,450 

90 

202 

64

1,450

Minimum.

7.5 

26 

4.2 

4 

4 

15 

76 

68 

31 

13 

21 

4

4

Mean.

50.9 

56.9 

26.6 

26.5 

25.0 

435 

177 

279 

178 

38.3 

58.2 

31.6

116

Per

square 

n>ile.

0.120 

.134 

.063 

.062 

.059 

1.02 

.416 

.656 

.419 

.090 

.137 

.074

.273

Run-off 

(depth Jn 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.14 

.15 

.07 

.07 

.06 

1.18 

.46 

.76 

.47 

.10 

.16 

.08

3.70

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

D. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C.

c.

C.

NOTE. See footnote to table of daily discharge.
168 SUEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PABT V.

CEDAE EIVEE AT CEDAE BAPIDS, IOWA.

Location. In the central part of Cedar Rapids, below the dam and between the

electric railroad bridge and the Seventh Avenue combination railroad and foot

bridge.

Records available. October 26, 1902, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 6.320 square miles. 

Gage. An inclined staff gage fastened to posts driven in the right bank of the river

in the rear of the Iowa Windmill & Pump Co.'s plant. Gage read once daily, in

the morning, to tenths. 

Channel and control. Bed of river consists of rock and gravel; clean of vegetation

and nearly permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from upstream side of the First Avenue bridge. 

Winter flow. Discharge relation affected only slightly by ice, as the current is swift

and ice seldom forms across the river for the entire width. 

Regulation. A dam and power plant above the station may modify the flow to some

extent during low stages of the river. 

Accuracy. Records good. 

Cooperation. Gage heights furnished by United States Weather Bureau.

Discharge measurements of Cedar River at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Date.

Nov. 8

Made by 

S.B.Sould.. ...........

Gage

Feet. 

3.01

2.79

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

910

o733

Date. Made by ».

Feet. 

2.78

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

688

a Measurement made at Fourteenth ATenue bridge; not a good measuring section.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Cedar River at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, for the year ending Sept.

30, 1913.

Day.

1.... ..........

2..............

3..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Oct.

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.2

3.2

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.3

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.0

3.1

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.0

Nov.

8.1

3.0

3.1

3.0

3.0

2.9

3.2

3.0

3.1

2.9

3.0

2.9

0 1

3.2

s d

3.2

3.2

s n

3.1

3.0

3.1

9 O

9 O

2.9

2.8

9 Q

9 Q

3.0

9 O

Dec.

3.0

2.9

3.1

2.8

2.9

2.7

2.8

2.8

2.9

3.0

3.1

3 A

3.1

3.2

2.8

9 7

2.8

2.8

9 Q

2.8

2.9

9 ft

9 Q

2 7

2.8

2.7

9 O

2.8

3.0

9 O

3.1

Jan.

3.1

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.9

2.7

2.8

2 7

2.8

2.9

3.1

3.0

3.2

3.1

3 2

3.4

S 7

3

n

3.6

3.2

3.2

s 1

3

1

3 n

3.0

9 Q

O ft

O Q

3.1 

3.1

3.2

Feb.

3.0

3.0

2.9

3.0

2.9

3.0

2.8

2.9

2.7

2.8

2.7

2.8

2.8

2.9

2.8

3.0

2.9

3 0

2.9

3.3

3.2

3 1

0 A

<t n

O Q

3.0

9 O

O O

Mar.

2.8

3.0

2.9

3.0

2.9

3.1

3.0

3.1

3.9

4.0

4.1

A *I

6.5

6.7

t ^

7.6

7.7

o o

8 7

7.6

6.8

6.7

6.2

6.4

6 9

6.3

5.9 

5.6

5.2

Apr.

4.7

4.6

4.2

4.3

4.3

4.2

4.2

4.3

4.2

4.4

4.5

4.6

5.0

5.0

4 7

4.6

4 4

4.4

4.3

A O

4 0

4.1

4.0

4.0

3 9

3 Q

O O

^ Q

3.7 

3.8

May.

3.6

3.7

3.5

3.7

3.6

4.2

4.0

4.1

4.1

4.1

3.9

s o

3.8

4 0

4.2

4.3

4.3

A O

4.2

d Q

5.0

5.5

5.6

n o

5.8

6.0

5.7

H 7

5.5 

5 4

5.1

June.

5.0

4.6

4.5

4.3

4.2

4.0

4.1

3.9

3.9

3.7

3.8

3.7

^ 7

3.6

4.6

t *!

3.8

3.6

^l 7

3.6

3 A

3.5

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.5 

3.4

July.

4.0

3.8

3.8

3.5

3.6

3.4

3.5 3.-S

3.4

3.3

3.4

3.3

3.4

3.3

3 A

3 A

3.1

3 A

- 3.1

3.0

3.0

3 (\

3.1

3 1

9 Q

a

f\

9 O

3.0

9 O

3.0

Aug.

2.8

 2.9

2.8

2.9

2.8

2.9

2.8

2.9

2.8

3.0

2.9

2.9

3 A

3.1

3.0

3.0

2.9

3.0

2.8

2.9

2.8

9 O

2

O

2 9

9 Q

9 Q

9 ft

9 O

2.8

9 Q

2,8

Sept.

2.9

2.7

2.8

2.7

2.8

2.7

2.8

2.7

2.8

2.7

2.9

2.8

2.9

2.8

9 Q

9 7

9 O

9 7

9 ft

2.7

9 Q

9 7

9 a

9 7

9 ft

9 7

9 a

2 7

2.8

o c

NOTE. Discharge relation probably not materially affected by ice during the year ending Sept. 30,1913.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVEE DRAINAGE BASIN. 169

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cedar River at Cedar Rapidb, Iowa, for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,100 

1,260 

1,100 

1,260 

1,100

1,260 

1,100 

1,260 

1,260 

1,840

1,630 

1,630 

1,440 

1,440 

1,260

1,440 

1,100 

1,260 

1,100 

1,260

1,100 

1,100 

950 

1,100 

1,100

1,260 

1,100 

1,260 

1,100 

1,100 

950

Nov.

1,100 

950 

1,100 

950 

950

810 

1,260 

950 

1,100 

810

950 

810 

1,100 

1,260 

1,630

1,260 

1,260 

950 

1,100 

950

1,100 

810 

950 

810 

810

690 

810 

810 

950 

810

Dec.

950 

810 

1,100 

690 

810

580 

690 

690 

810 

950

1,100 

950 

1,100 

1,260 

690

580 

690 

690 

810 

690

810 

690 

810 

580 

690

580 

810 

690 

950 

810 

1,100

Jan.

1,100 

810 

810 

690 

810

580 

690 

580 

690 

810

1,100 

950 

1,260 

1,100 

1,260

1,630 

2,320 

2,320 

2,070 

1,260

1,260 

1,100 

1,100 

950 

950

810 

950 

810 

1,100 

1,100 

1,260

Feb.

950 

950 

810 

950 

810

950 

690 

810 

580 

690

580 

690 

690 

810 

690

950 

810 

950 

810 

1,440

1,260 

1,100 

950 

950 

810

950 

810 

810

Mar.

690 

950 

810 

950 

810

1,100 

 950 

1,100 

2,870 

3,170

3,480 

4,110 

12,000 

12,700 

15,800

16,200 

16,600 

21,400 

20,600 

16,200

13,100 

12,700 

10.800 

11,600 

13,500

11,200 

11,200 

12,000 

9,710 

8,610 

7,170

Apr.

5,430 

5,090 

3,790 

4,110 

4,110

3,790 

3,790 

4,110 

3,790 

4,430

4,760 

5,090 

6,470 

6,470 

5,430

5,090 

4,430 

4,430 

4,110 

4,110

3,170 

3,480 

3,170 

3,170

2,870

2,870 

2,590 

2,870 

2,320 

2,590

Ma

2,0 

2,3 

1,8 

2,3 

2,0

3,7 

3,1 

3,4 

3,4 

3,4

2,8 

2,8 

2,5 

3,1 

3,7

4,1 

4,1 

4,1 

3,7 

6,1

6,4

8,2 

8,6 

9,7

g;a

10,1

8,« 

8,{ 

8,5 

7,J 

6,{

fro

10

10

!0 '0

»

ro

50 

JO 

JO

70 

70 

JO 

70 

90

10 

10 

10 

BO 

20

70 

50 

10 

10 

40

00 

70 

70 

50 

90 

20

June.

6,470 

5,090 

4,760 

4,110 

3,790

3,170 

3,480 

2,870 

2,870 

2,320

2,590 

2,320 

2,320 

2,070 

5,090

2,320 

2,590 

2,070 

2,320 

2,070

2,070 

2,070 

2,070 

1,630 

1,840

1,630 

1,840 

1,840 

1,840 

1,630

July.

3,170 

2,590 

2,590 

1,840 

2,070

1,630 

1,840 

1,440 

1,630 

1,440

1,630 

1,440 

1,630 

1,440 

1,630

950 

1,100 

950 

1,100 

950

950 

950 

1,100 

950 

1,100

810 

950 

810 

950 

810 

950

Aug.

690 

810 

690 

810 

690

810 

690 

810 

690 

950

810 

810 

950 

1,100 

950

950 

810 

950 

690 

810

690 

810 

690 

810 

810

810 

690 

810 

690 

810 

690

Sept.

810 

580 

690 

580 

690

580 

690 

580 

690 

580

810 

690 

810 

690 

810

580 

810 

580 

690 

580

690 

580 

690 

580 

690

580 

690 

580 

690 

690

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 600 and 36,000 second-feet. 

Open-channel rating table applied throughout entire year.

Daily gage height, infeet^ of Cedar River at Cedar Rapids, Joioa,/or the year ending Sept.

30, 1913.

[Drainage area, 6,320 square miles.]

Month.

April...................................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,840 

1,630 

1,260 

2,320 

1,440 

21,400 

6,470 

10,100 

6,470 

3,170 

1,100 

810

21,400

Minimum.

950 

690 

580 

580 

580 

690 

2,320 

1,840 

1,630 

810 

690 

580

580

Mean.

1,230 

993 

812 

1,100 

866 

8j840 

4J060 

5jl30 

2,770 

1,400 

799 

666

2,410

Per 

square 

mile.

0.195 

.157 

.128 

.174 

.137 

1.40 

.642 

.812 

.438 

.222 

.127 

.105

.381

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.22 

.18 

.15 

.20 

.14 

1.61 

.72 

.94 

.49 

.26 

.15 

.12

5.18

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

DBS MOINES EIVER AT JACKSON, MINN.

Location. At highway bridge half a mile below the dam at Jackson, Minn., 100 

yards above the nearest tributary, a small stream entering from the west.

Records available. May 31, 1909, to December 20, 1913, when station was discontinued.
170 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Drainage area. 1,160 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff, read morning and evening to quarter-tenths. Limits of use:

Hundredths below 4.0, half-tenths from 4.0 to 5.0, and tenths above 5.0 feet. 

Channel and control. Sandy; shifts during high water. 

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or by wading. 

Winter flow. Discharge relation affected by ice; observations discontinued. 

Regulation. A power plant at the dam half a mile above the station develops 35

horsepower under a head of 6£ feet. The plant operates only 6 hours a day on

average, but the morning and evening gage heights do not show any appreciable

change in the stage of the river.

Discharge measurements of Des Moines River at Jackson, Minn., during the year ending

Sept. 30,1913.

Date.

Apr. 2

2

Made by 

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.24

3.44

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

27.3

37.7

Date.

May 22

Made by Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.07

3.68

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

«343

87.9

« Slight obstruction caused by a snag at control.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Des Moines River at Jackson, Minn., from Oct. 1,1912, to

Dec. 20, 1913.

[Mrs. Mary Strobel, observer.]

Day.

1...... 

2......

3...... 

4...... 

5......

6......

7......

8......

9......

10......

11......

12......

13......

14......

15...... 

16. .....

17......

18......

19......

20......

21......

22......

23......

24......

25...... 

26......

27...... 

28...... 

29...... 

30......

31......

Oct.

2.80 

2.80

2.78 

2.75 

2.76

2.76

2.75

2.75

2.91

3.25

3.10

3.05"

3.00

2.98

2.94 

3.00

3.30

3.10

2.99

2.92

2.89

2.85

2.85

2.82

2.80 

2.81

2.80 

2.80 

2.80 

2.79

2.78

Nov.

2.78 

2.95

2.95 

2.90 

2.91

2.91

2.91

2.89

2.88

2.89

2.90

2.95

2.98

3.00

2.96 

2.95

2.95

2.92

2.96

2.96

2.90

2.90

2.90

2.96

2.88 

3.00

3.10 

3.00 

2.98 

2.98

Dee.

3.00

2.98

2.89 

2.81 

2.80

......

......

......

Jan.

......

------

......

Feb.

......

------

......

......

Mar.

......

......

3.16

Apr.

3.10

3.29

3.21 

3.22 

3.52

3.46

3.72

3.59

3.44

3.74

3.74

4.25

4.50

4.65

4.55 

4.25

4.1

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.05

4.1

4.5

4.6 

4.6

4.4 

4.25 

4.2 

4.1

May.

4.25 

4.0

4.2

4.15 

4.1

4.0

3.91

3.86

3.88

3.78

3.71

3.61

4.1

4.1

4.25 

4.2

4.8

4.4

4.4

4.7

4.95

5.0

4.85

4.75

4.8 

4.95

5.1 

5.0

4.95 

4.85

4.75

June.

4.7 

4.65

4.6 

4.5 

4.4

4.35

4.25

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.0

3.98

3.90

3.88

3.82 

3.69

3.72

3.60

3.52

3.70

3.89

3.76

3.52

3.65

3.46 

3.89

3.65 

3.62 

3.69 

3.58

July.

3.76 

4.05

4.05 

4.1 

4.2

4.2

4.05

4.1

4.1

4.0

4.15

4.1

4.05

3.9

3.95 

3.89

3.92

3.88

3.88

3.80

3.71

3.81

3.80

3.74

3.75 

3.74

3.75 

3.64 

3.78 

3.71

3.65

Aug.

3.66 

3.69

3.64 

3.61

3.68

3.56

3.49

3.48

3.58

3.50

3.58

3.60

3.60

3.54

3.56 

3.56

3.50

3.40

3.48

4.1

4.4

4.35

4.55

4.65

4.75 

4.8

4.85 

4.9 

4.9 

5.0

5.1

Sept.

5.1 

5.1

5.1 

5.0 

4.9

4.8

4.75

4.65

4.55

4.6

5.05

4.4

4.3

4.2

4.15 

4.05

3.92

3.86

3.84

3.84

3.80

3,66

3.66

3.70

3.72 

3.68

3.71 

3.60 

3.58 

3.62

Oct.

3.56 

3.55

3.51

3.48 

3.48

3.41

3.45

3.39

3.46

3.49

3.51

3.42

3.34

3.39

3.34

3.42

3.45

3.52

3.32

3.22

3.28

3.30

3.29

3.28

3.28 

3.28

3.02 

3.21 

3.10 

3.26

3.22

Nov.

3.25 

3.26

3.16 

3.06 

3.15

3.20

3.26

3.21

3.21

3.15

3.09

3.28

3.31

3.16

3.24 

3.20

3.10

3.00

3.16

3.18

3.22

3.22

3.18

3.09

3.02 

3.18

3.18 

3.10 

3.11 

3.18

Dec.

3.11 

3.05

3.14 

3.18 

3.19

3.18

3.04

3.10

2.98

3.16

2.98

2.95

2.92

2.91

3.10

3.08

3.16

3.15

3.09

3.22

......

......

NOTE. Discharge relation affected by ice about Dee. 6,1912, to Mar. 31,1913.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 171

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Moines River at Jackson, Mwn.,from Oct. 1,191%,

to Dec. SO, 1913.

Day.

1......

2......

3......

4......

5......

6......

7......

8......

9......

10......

11......

12......

13......

14......

15......

16......

17......

18......

19......

20......

21......

22......

23......

24......

25......

26......

27......

28......

29......

30......

31......

Oct.

5.0

5.0

4.8

4.5

4.8

4.8

4.5

4.5

9.9

48

30

24

18

16

13

18

54

30

17

11

 8.6

7.0

7.0

5.8

5.0

5.4

5.0

5.0

5.0

4.9

4.8

Nov.

4,8

14

14

9 0

9 9

9 9

9 9

8 6

8.2

8.8

9.0

14

16

18

14

14

14

11

14

14

9.0

9.0

9.0

14

8.2

18

3ft

18

16

16

Dec.

18

16

8.6

5.4

5.0

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

9

27

19

20

53

48

77

61

44

81

81

157

208

238

218

161

136

152

152

152

138

128

136

208

228

228

198

170

161

144

May.

170

128

161

152

144

128

116

109

112

98

89

78

147

147

179

170

288

208

208

268

321

332

299

278

288

321

354

332

321

299

278

June.

268

258

248

228

208

198

179

170

152

152

136

138

120

117

109

91

95

78

68

92

119

100

68

72

91

119

85

81

91

78

July.

100

144

144

152

170

170

144

152

152

136

161

152

144

120

128

119

123

117

117

106

93

107

106

98

99

98

99

84

103

93

85

Aug.

86

91

84

79

89

73

65

64

78

66

76

78

78

71

73

73

66

54

64

152

208

198

238

258

278

288

299

310

310

332

354

Sept.

354

354

354

332

310

288

278

258

238

248

343

208

188

170

161

144

123

114

112

112

106

86

86

92

95

89

93

78

76

81

Oct.

73

72

67

64

64

55

60

53

61

65

67

56

47

53

47

56

60

68

44

34

40

42

41

40

40

40

14

33

22

38

34

Nov.

37

38

28

18

27

32

38

33

33

27

21

40

43

28

36

32

22

12

28

30

34

34

30

21

14

30

30

m

23

30

Dec.

23

17

2&

30

31

30

1&

22

10

28

10

8

&

5

22

Oft

2807"

21

34

NOTE. Daily discharge determined as follows: Oct. 1 to Dec. 5,1912. and May 22 to Dec. 20,1913, from 

two fairly well-defined rating curves; Apr. 1 to May 21,1913, by the indirect method for shifting channels.

Monthly discharge of Des Moines River at Jackson, Minn., Oct. 1,1912, to Dec. 20,1913. 

[Drainage area, 1,160 square miles.]

Month.

May....................................

July....................................

November. .............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

54

30 

238 

354 

268 

170 

354 

354 

73 

43 

34

Minimum.

4.5 

4.8 

9 

76 

61 

84 

54 

76 

14 

12 

5

Mean.

12.6

12.7 

128 

210 

132 

123 

149 

188 

50.0 

29.0 

20.7

Per

square 

mile.

0.011 

.011 

.110

.181 

.114 

.106 

.128 

.160 

.043 

.025 

.018

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage

area).

0.01 

.01 

.12 

.21 

.13 

.12 

.15 

.18 

.05 

.03 

.01

Accuracy.

C. 

C.

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

D.

DES MOINES RIVER NEAR FORT DODGE, IOWA.

Location. At the upper highway bridge, 1 mile upstream from Fort Dodge and just

above the Illinois Central Railroad bridge. 

Records available. April 23, 1905, to July 19, 1906, for station at old Swede Town

Bridge, about 1 mile farther downstream; August 4, 1911, to October 17, 1913,

when station was discontinued, at upper highway bridge. 

Drainage area. Not measured.
172 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Crage. Chain gage fastened to the outside handrail, downstream side of right span, 

read once daily to quarter-tenths. Limits of use: Hundredths below 2.0, halftenths from 2.0 to 3.0, and tenths above 3.0 feet.

Channel and control. Bed of river composed of sand and gravel; practically permanent.

Winter flow. Observations discontinued during winter months.

Accuracy. Heavy rains in the basin of Lizard Creek may cause backwater at the 

gage and affect the discharge relation. During October, 1913, a temporary dam 

was built below the station, causing backwater, and the station was abandoned 

in favor of a new one at Kalo, Iowa. Sufficient discharge measurements have not 

been made to develop the rating curve above 1,340 second-feet (gage height 3.0 

feet) and estimates of discharge above that stage have therefore not been prepared.

Discharge measurements of Des Moines River near Fort Dodge, Iowa, during the period 

Oct. 1, 1912, to Oct. 17, 1913.

Date.

Nov. 6

6

Sept. 5

Made by 

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.32

1 19

1.60

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

102

71.5

264

Date.

Oct. 14

Made by 

B. J. Peterson.. ........

S. B. Sould.............

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.58

2.20

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

254

a 158

a Backwater from dam built about 500 feet below gage during October, 1913. 

NOTE. Measurements made by wading.

Daily gage Twgfyt, in feet, of Des Moines River near Fort Dodge, Iowa, from Oct. 1,1912,

to Oct. 17, 1913.

[O. C. Hanson, observer.]

Day.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Oct.

1.30

1.30

1.22

1.30

1.20

1.30

1.15

1.25

1.20

1.20

1.15

1.50

1.35

1.40

1.30

1.40

1.32

1.40

1.40

1.42

1.30

1.42

1.30

1.40

1.28

1.30

1.25

1.38

1.40

1.40

1.38

Nov.

1.30

1.40

1.42

1.40

1.30

1.22

1.22

1.20

1.20

1.22

1.22

1.25

1.30

1.35

1.40

1.42

1.45

1.42

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.42

1.40

Dec. Jan.

-.

Feb. Mar Apr. May.

2.9

2.8

2.85 a9

4 6

4 5

4 4

4. 1

4.0

3.7

asQ it

3.3

3.6

6.8

7.9

5.6

5.2

4 Q

5.4

6.0

6.6

6.5

6 4

6.1

6.0

5.6

5.4 f, <l

5 2

5.0

June.

4.8

4.4

4.1

3.7

3.3

3.1

3.0 a2

as

2.95

2.7

2.6

2.4

2.4

2.25

2.2

2.1

2.0

1.95

1.92

1.90

1.85

1.80

1.78

1.75

1.78

1.75

1.70

1.72

1

-ffR

July.

1.80

1.80

1.82

1.75

1.78

1.75

1.72

1.70

1.70

1.68

1.70

1.72

1.68

1.62

1.60

1.58

1.55

1.52

1.50

1.48

1.45

1.40

1.42

1 45

1.40

1.40

1.38

1.35

1.32

1.32

1.32

Aug.

1.30

1.30

1.28

1.25

1.30

1.32

1.32

1.32

1.32

1.32

1.35

1.42

1.48

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.38

1.35

1.35

1.60

1.85

1.90

1.78

1.70

1.65

1 60

1.55

1.52

1 V\

1.55

Sept.

1.50

1.50

1.52

1.55

1.60

1.62

1.65

1.60

1.60

1.62

1.65

1.70

1.70

1.70

1.68

1.70

1.70

1.70

1.68

1.65

1.65

1.62

1.62

1 60

1.62

1.65

1.65

1.60

1.62

1.65

Oct.

1.72

1.75

1.80

L82

1.85

1.88

1.90

1.90

1.92

1.95

1.95

2.10

2.15

2.20

2.20

2.15

2.22

NOTE. Discharge relation probably affected during the greater part of October, 1913, by backwater 

from dam built about 500 feet below the gage. See "Accuracy" in station description.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 173

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Moines River near Fort Dodge, Iowa, for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1913.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10.............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30.............. «>1

Oct.

106

106

80

106

74

106

63

90

74

74

63

200

127

148

106

148

114

148

148

158

106

158

106

148

100

106

90

140

148

148

140

Nov.

106

148

158

148

106

80

80

74

74

80

80

90

106

127

148

158

174

158

148

148

148

158

148

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May.

1,250

1,160

1,210

June.

i 3 340

1,300

1 080

1,000

840

840

722

685

610

535

500

479

465

430

395

381

360

381

360

325

339

360

July.

395

one

409

OCA

381

9£A

339

325

325

312

QOK

339

273

260

248

OQA

212

200

190

174

148

158

174

148

148

140

127

114

114

114

Aug.

106

106

100

90

106

114

114

114

114

114

127

158

190

148

148

148

140

127

127

260

430

465

381

325

292

273

260

230

212

200

230

Sept.

200

200

212

230

260

273

292

260

260

273

292

325

325

325

312

325

325

325

312

292

292

273

273

260

273

292

292

260

273

292

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 40 and 1,340 second-feet 

(gage heights 1.0 and 3.0 feet).

See "Accuracy" in station description. Estimates of daily discharge, Oct. 1 to Nov. 23, 1912, differ 

from those published in Water Supply Paper No. 325 on account of revising the rating curve on basis of 

additional information obtained during 1913. Estimates prior to Oct. 1,1912, should be revised by persons 

using them if thought desirable.

Monthly discharge of Des Moines River near Fort Dodge, Iowa, for"the year ending Sept.

SO, 1913.

Month.

July...........................................................

September. ....................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

200 

174 

409 

465 

325

Minimum.

63 

74 

114 

90 

200

Mean.

117 

124 

250 

192 

280

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

NOTE. Estimates of monthly discharge for October and November differ from those published in WaterSupply Paper 325 on account of a revision of the rating curve. S*e "Accuracy Sn station descritpion."

DES MOINES RIVER AT KEOSATJQUA, IOWA.

Location. At county bridge one-fourth mile aboye old dam site and Government

locks. 

Records available. May 30, 1903, to July 21, 1906; April 5 to September 30, 1910-

(United States Engineer Corps); August 3, 1911, to September 30, 1913. 

Drainage area. 14,300 square miles.
174 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1913, PART V.

Gage. Chain gage attached to upstream side of bridge; read once daily to half-tenths.

Limits of use: Half-tenths below and tenths above 2.0 feet. Gage was originally

attached to downstream side of bridge; changed because of repairs to bridge at

unknown date. 

Channel and control. Control a gravel riffle about one-fourth mile below gage;

channel composed of sand and gravel on the left and rock on the right; shifts at

flood stages.

Discharge measurements. Made from downstream side of the bridge. 

Winter flow. Observations discontinued during winter months.

Discharge measurements of Des Moines River at Keosauqua, Iowa, during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1913.

Date.

Nov. 11

13

Made by 

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.90

.93

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,340

1,370

Date.

July 11

Made by- Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.94

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,580

Daily gage height, in feet, of Des Moines River at Keosauqua, Iowa, for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1913.

[Oscar McCrary, observer.]

Day.

1... ...........

2... ...........

3..............

4..............

5..............

6... ...........

7..............

9

10..............

11..............

12. .............

13..............

14.. ............

15. .............

16..............

17. .............

18..............

19..............

20..............

SI... ...........

22..............

23..............

24..............

25. .............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

0.6

.6

.6

.65

.65

2.9

3.3

3.1

2.8

2.6

2.35

2.0

2.0

1.8

1.75

1.75

1.6

1.5

1.45

1.4

1.5

1.45

1.4

1.35

Nov.

1.2

1.05

1.05

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

.95

1.0

.8

.9

.95

.9

.95

1.25

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.0

1.0

.95

.9

.95

.9

.85

.8

.75

Dec.

0.75

.8

.85

.9

9

.9

.85

.7

.7

.7

.7

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May.

4.4

4.2

4.2

4.6

6.8

8.1

4.5

8.8

9 1

9

0

9.2

9 0

9 A

9.0

9.1

ft ft

8.4

7.6

7.0

6.3

June.

5.8

5.5

5.6

5.0

4.6

4.1

3 n

3.5

3.2

3.1

2.7

2.6

2.4

2.4

2.0

2.0

1.75

1.75

1.55

1.55

i IK

3.2

2.7

3.0

3.0

5.6

5.3

4.7

4.1

3.6

July.

2.4 "

2.6

1.5

1.35

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.15

1.05

95

OK

.9

.85

.8

.8

.75

.75

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.65

.65

.65

.65

.6

.6

.55

.55

Aug.

0.55

.5.5-

.45

.4

.4

.4

.35

.35

.35

.55

.55

.65

.79-

.9

SS

1.35

1 9%

.9

.85

.75

.7

.6

.6

.6

.55

.5

.45

Sept.

0.45

.4

.4

.35

.35

.35

.35

.3

.4

.7

.4

.4

.35

.35

5fi

.4

.4

.5

.45

.4

.4

.4

.4

sfi

qe

qe

Sfi

.4

NOTE. Discharge-relation affected by ice about Dec. 9-12,1912.
T7PPEE MISSISSIPPI BIVER DRAINAGE

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Moines River at

ending Sept. SO, 1913.

BASIN. 175 

Keosaugua, Iowa, for the year

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9.............. 10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14.............. 11

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20.. ............ .

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

860

860

860

930

930

5,770

6,880

6,320

5,500

4,970

4,320

3,460

3,010

2 ono

2,900

2,580

2,380

2,280

2,180

2,380

2,280

2,180

O f\Of\

Nov.

1,810

1,560

1,560

1,470

1,470

1,470

1,470

1,390

1,470

1,150

1,310

1,390

1,310

1,390

1,900

1,990

1,900

1,810

1,560

1,560

1,560

1,470

1,470

1,390

1,310

1,390

1,310

1,230

1,150

1,080

Dec.

1,080

1,150

1,230

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,230

1,150

Jan. Feb.

"

Mar. Apr. May.

9,870

9,330

9,330 in 4nft

16,500

20,300

10,100

22,500

23,400

OO Krtfi

23,700

23,700

23,100

23,100

23,100

23,400

22,500

18,800

17,100

15,100

June.

13,700

12,800

13,100

11,500

10,400

9,060

8,520

7,440

6,630

6,360

5,310

5,060

4,570

4,570

3,630

3,630

3,080

3,080

2,670

2,670

2,280

6,630

5,310

6,090

6,090

13,100

12,300

10,700

9,060

7,710

July.

4,570

5,060

2,570

2,280

2,180

2,090

2,000

1,910

1,740

1,570

1,570

1,490

1,420

1,340

1,340

1,340

1,260

1,260

1,190

1,190

1,190

1,190

1,190

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,050

1,050

980

QQA

Aug.

980

910

910

845

780

780

780

715

715

715

980

980

1,120

1,190

1,490

1,490

1,420

2,280

2,090

1,490

1,490

1,420

1,340

1,260

1,190

1,050

1,050

.1,050

980

910

845

Sept.

845

780

780

715

715

715

715

650

650

650

780

1,190

780

780

715

715

715

780

780

910

845

780

780

780

780

715

715

715

715

780

NOTE. Dafly discharge computed from two fairly well defined rating ciirves. New rating curve used 

beginning May 11,1913.

Monthly discharge of Des Moines River at Keosaugua, Iowa, for the year ending Sept. SO,

1913.

[Drainage area, 14,300 square miles.]

Month.

May 11-31...............................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

6,880 

1,990 

1,310 

23,700 

13,700 

5,060 

2,280 

1,190

Minimum.

860 

1,080 

1,080 

9,330 

2,280 

980 

715 

650

Mean.

2,600 

1,480 

1,220 

18,500 

7,240 

1,660 

1,140 

766

Per 

square 

mile.

0.182 

.103 

.085 

1.29

.506 

.116

.080 

.054

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage

area).

0.21 

.11 

.03 

1.01 

.56 

.13 

.09 

.06

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

INDEX.

A.

Page. 

Accuracy of field data....................... 15-16

Acre-foot, definition of....................... 10

Anoka, Minn., Mississippi River at.......... 71-74

Appropriations, annual, amount of... -. 5 

Austin, Minn., Cedar River near .-... 165-167 

Authority for work.................._..... 5

B.

Babb, Mont., St. Mary River near........... 17-19

St. Mary River below Swiftcurrent Creek

at............................... 20-23

Big Lake, Minn., Elk River near............ 89-91

Budge, E.J.-, work of........................ 17

Burchard, E. D., work of.................... 17

C.

Cambridge, Minn., Rum River at........... 94-96

Cannon River at Welch, Minn............. 115-117

Cedar ?Ms, WlS., Red Cedar River at..... 138

Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Cedar River at....... 168-169

Cedar River near Austin, Minn............ 165-167

at Cedar Rapids, Iowa................. 168-169

Chandler, E. F., work of..................... 16-17

Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis.. 118-137

near Watson, Minn.................... 103-105

Clearwater River at Red Lake Falls, Minn.. 48-51 

Computations, accuracy of................... 15-16

tables of................................. 10-12

Control, definition of........................ 10

Control section, definition of.......:......... 10

Convenient equivalents, list of............... 10-12

Cooperation, acknowledgment of............. 16

extent of................................ 5

Cottonwood River near New Ulm, Minn... 107-109 

Crookston, Minn., Red Lake River at....... 42-44

Crow River at Rockford, Minn.............. 92-94

Crow Wing River at Motley, Minn.......... 81-83

at Nimrod, Minn........................ 80-81

at Pillager, Minn........................ 83-85

Cubic-foot per second, abbreviation of....... 9

Current-meters, Price, views of.............. 14

D.

Decorah, Iowa, Upper Iowa River -near.... 149-150

Definition of terms.......................... 9-10

Des Moines River near Fort Dodge, Iowa.. 171-173

at Jackson, Minn...................... 169-171

at Keosauqua, Iowa................... 173-175

Discharge relation, definition of.............. 10

Discharge tables, accuracy of................ 15-16

explanation of........................... 14

Division of work............................. 16

Drainage basins, list of...................... 6

list of publications on.................... 8

E.

Page.

Elk River near Big Lake, Minn. ............ 89-91

Equivalents, convenient, list of. ......... 10-12

Errors, cause and amount of........ ...... 14

Evaporation. at University, N. Dak......... 61-S2

,,.:..,..,....^...... 13-15

F,

Fargo, N. Dak., Red River at............... 33-35

Fergus Falls, Minn., Ottertail River near. . . . 30-32

Formula, water power. . ..................... 12

Fort Dodge, Iowa, Des Moines River near . . 171-173

G.

Gage height tables, explanation of .......... 13-14

Gages, automatic, views of .................. 15

Gaging stations, number and distribution of.. 6 

records of........ ....................... 17-175

vtews; of ................................. 14

Garber, Iowa, Turkey River at .............. 161

Grand Forks, N. Dak., Red River at. ....... 35-37

H.

Hallock, Minn., South Branch of Two Rivers

at............................... 51-53

Houston, Minn., Root River near. ........ 145-147

Hoyt, W. G., work of........ ............... 17

Hudson Bay basin, stream flow in........... 17-69

I.

International Falls, Minn., Rainy River at. . 63-65 

Iowa, cooperation of... ...................... 16

Iowa River near Iowa Falls, Iowa. ........ 164-165

J. 

Jackson, Minn., Des Moines River at.. . 169-171

K.

Kay, George F. , cooperation of .............. 16

Keosauqua, Iowa, Des Moines River at. ... 173-175

Kettle River near Sandstone , Minn. ....... 111-112

Kimball, Alberta, St. Mary River near. ..... 24-26

L.

Lac Qui Parle River at Lac Qui Parle,

Minn.......................... 101-102

Lamb, W. A., work of.... ................... 16-17

Lanesboro, Minn., North Branch of Root

River near. . .................. 147-149

Libby, Minn., Mississippi River above Sandy

River near......... ............. 70-^71

Little Fork River at Little Fork, Minn. ..... 68-70

Long Prairie River near Motley, Minn...... 85-87

179
180 INDEX.

M.

Malung, Minn., West Branch of Roseau

River near...................... 56-58

Mankato, Minn., Minnesota River near..... 98-100

Maquoketa River above mouth of North Fork

of Maquoketa River, near Maquo- . ' 

keta, Iowa..................... 161-162

below mouth of North Fork near........ 162

Mathers, J. G., work of...................... 17

McDermott Lake, Mont., Swiftcurrent Creek

at............................... 26-28

Menominee^Wis., Red Cedar River at.... 1S8-140

Merrill, WJs., Wisconsin River at.,........ 154*159

Millions.of cubic feet, definition of..^....;... 10

Miner's inches, definition of ...........;.....;. 12

Minnesota, cooperation of.................... 16

Minnesota River near Mankato, Minn...... 98-100

near Montevideo, Minn.................. 96-98

Mitaot, N. Dak., Mouse River at............ 99-61

Miscellaneous 'measurements, tables of.... 176-177

Mississippi River at Anoka, Minn.......... 71-74

above Sandy River near Libby, Minn... 70-71

at St. Paul, Minn..................... 74-76

Montevideo, Minn., Minnesota River near.... 96-98

Mora, Minn., Snake River at............... 112-114

Morgan, J. EL,work of..............I-........" 17

Motley, Minn., Crow Wing River at.......... 81-83

Long Prairie River near. ..............^. 85-87

Mouse River atMinot, H. Dak................. 59-61

N.

Necedah, Wis., Wisconsin River near...... 159-160

Neche, N. Dak., Pembina River at........... 54-56

New Ulm, Minn., Cottonwood River near.. 107-109 

Nimrod, Mp»n.> Crow Wing R iver at......... 80-81

North Branch of Root River near Lanesboro,

Minn.......................... 147-149

O.

Offices, local, list of.......................... 9

Ottertail River near Fergus Falls, Minn...... 30-32

--..- / P.

Pembina Riverat Neche, N. Dak............ 54-56

Feterson,"B. J.,'work of...................... 17

Pillager, Minn., Crow Wing River at......... 83-85

Pine City, Minn., Snake River near........ 114-115

Pine River below Pine River reservoir, Mirm. 78-79

Point of control, definition of................. 10

Point of zero flow, definition of............... 10

Publications, distribution of..... .1. . .*....... 9

lists of...,'................................ 6-8

R.

Rainy Lake at Ranier, Minn................ 62-63

Rainy River at International Falls, Minn..... 63-65

Ralph, Geerge A. ^cooperation of............:.. 16

Randell,R. R., work of................;..... 16

Rating tables, accuracy of.................... 15-16

explanation f)t..........,.^.............. 14

Bed Cedar River at Cedar Falls, Wis......... 138

at Menoniinee,' Wi&..... ^.............. 138-440

Reji Lake Falls, Minn., Clearwater River at.. 48-51 

Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn.......... 42-44

at Thief River Falls, Minn............... 40^42

Red River at Fargo, N. Dak.................. 33-35

at Grand Forks, N. Dak.................. 35-37

Paga

Redwood River near Redwood Falls, Minn. 105-107 

Rhinelander, Wis., Wisconsin River near.. 150-154 

Rockford, Minn., Crow River at.............. 92-94

Root River near Houston, Minn............ 145-147

Root River, North Branch, near Lanesboro,

Minn.......................... 147-149

Roseau River, West Branch, near Malung,

Minn............................ 56-58

Rum River at Cambridge, Minn............. 94-96

Run-off, definitionof......................... 10

S.

St. Cloud, Minn., Sauk River near............ 87-89

St. Croix River near St. Croix Falls, Wis.... 109-110

St. MaryRiver near Babb, Mont.....'......... 17-19

below Swiftcurrent Creek at Babb, Mont. 20-23 

at Kimball, Alberta..................... 24-26

St. Paul, Minn., Mississippi River at......... 74-76

Sandstone, Minn., Kettle River near....... 111-112

Sandy Lake Reservoir, Minn., Sandy River

 below........................... 77-78

Sandy River near Libby, Minn., Mississippi

River above..................... 70-71

below Sandy Lake Reservoir, Minn:..... 77-78

Sauk River near St. Cloud, Minn...;......... 87-89

Scope of work............................... 5

Second-foot, definition of.................... 9

Second-feet per square mile, definition oi...... 10

Sherburne Lake, Mont., Swifteurrent Creek

.at............................... 28-30

Snake River at Mora, Minn................. 112-114

near Pine City, Minn.................. 114-115

Soule, S. B., work of......................... 17

South Branch of Two Rivers at Hallock, , Minn............................ 51-53

South Branch of Zumbro River near Zumbro

Falls, Minn.................... 142-144

Square mile, definition of.................... 12

Stevenson-, W. B., work ef................... 17

Stone City, Iowa, Wapsipinicon River at.., 163-164 

Stream-flow, list'of publications on........... 7-8

Swiftcurrent Creek at Babb, Mont., St.

Mary River below............... 20-23

at McDermott Lake, Mont............... 26-28

at Sherburne Lake, Mont..........:.... 28-30

T. 

Terms, definition of..*....................... 9-10

Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn.:... 45-48 

Thief River Falls, Minn., Red Lake River at.. 40-42 

Tower, Minn., Vermilion River below Lake

Vermilion neat................. 66-68

Turkey River at Garber, Iowa............... 161

Twin Valley, Minn., Wild Rice River at...... 38-39

Two Rivers, South Branch, at Hallock,

Minn........,............:..... 51-53'

IT.

United States Reclamation Service, cooperation of..:::..................... 16,

University, N. Dak., evaporation at.......... 61-62

Upper Iowa River near D ecorah, Iowa...... 149-150

Upper Mississippi River drainage basin,-

stream flow in.....I............ 70-175

V. 

Vermilion River below Lake Vermilion,

near Tower, Minn............... 66-68
INDEX. 181

W.

Walters, M. I., work of....................... 17

Wapsipinicon River at Stone City, Iowa.... 163-164

Watson, Minn., Chippewa River near...... 103-105

Welch, Minn., Cannon River at............ 115-117

West Branch of Roseau River near Malung,

Minn............................ 56-58

Wild Rice River at Twin Valley, Minn....... 38-39

WillardjE.V., cooperation of................ 16

Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis............ 154-159

near Necedah, Wis..................... 159-160

near Rhinelander, Wis................. 150-154

Wood, B.D., work of........................ 17

Z.

Zumbro River at Zumbro Falls, Minn...... 140-142

Zumbro River, South Branch, near Zumbro

Falls, Minn.................... 142-144

o