Executive Budget Summary 

FUNCTION 150 & 

OTHER INTERNATIONAL 

PROGRAMS 

FISCAL YEAR 2013 
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Executive Budget Summary 

Table of Contents 

FY 2012 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS REQUEST 

Statement of the Secretary of State ....................................................................1
 

Summary Budget Table ......................................................................................9
 

Statement of Performance ................................................................................15
 

ENDURING PROGRAMS ............................................................................................19
 

DEPARTMENT OF STATE AND RELATED AGENCIES 

Summary Table ..............................................................................................................20
 

I. Department of State 

A. Administration of Foreign Affairs
 

Diplomatic and Consular Programs .....................................................................22
 

Capital Investment Fund .....................................................................................29
 

Border Security Program .....................................................................................32
 

Working Capital Fund..........................................................................................36
 

Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance ............................................37
 

Conflict Stabilization Operations ........................................................................39
 

Office of Inspector General .................................................................................41
 

Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs ....................................................42
 

Representation Allowances .................................................................................45
 

Protection of Foreign Missions and Officials ......................................................45
 

Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service ........................................46
 

Buying Power Maintenance Account ..................................................................46
 

Repatriation Loans Program Account .................................................................47
 

Payment to the American Institute in Taiwan .....................................................47
 

Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund ................................................48
 

B. International Organizations
 

Contributions to International Organizations ......................................................49
 

Contributions for International Peacekeeping Activities .....................................53
 

C. International Commissions (Function 300)
 

International Boundary and Water Commission
 

IBWC – Salaries and Expenses ..............................................................55
 

American Sections
 

IBWC – Construction .............................................................................55
 

International Joint Commission ..............................................................56
 

International Boundary Commission ......................................................56
 

Border Environment Cooperation Commission .....................................56
 

International Fisheries Commissions ..................................................................58
 

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D. Related Programs 

The Asia Foundation ...........................................................................................60
 

Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue .....................................................60
 

Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program ........................................................61
 

Israeli Arab Scholarship Program .......................................................................61
 

East-West Center .................................................................................................62
 

National Endowment for Democracy...................................................................63
 

E. Related Agencies
 

Broadcasting Board of Governors
 

International Broadcasting Operations ...................................................64
 

Broadcasting Capital Improvements ......................................................64
 

United States Institute of Peace ...........................................................................65
 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS AND RELATED PROGRAMS 

Summary Table ..............................................................................................................67
 

II. United States Agency for International Development
 

USAID Operating Expenses ................................................................................70
 

USAID Capital Investment Fund ........................................................................71
 

USAID Inspector General Operating Expenses ..................................................73
 

III. Bilateral Economic Assistance 

A. Bilateral Economic Assistance
 

Global Health Programs ......................................................................................74
 

Development Assistance .....................................................................................81
 

International Disaster Assistance ........................................................................85
 

Transition Initiatives ............................................................................................86
 

Complex Crises Fund ..........................................................................................87
 

Development Credit Authority ............................................................................88
 

Economic Support Fund ......................................................................................89
 

Migration and Refugee Assistance ......................................................................97
 

U.S. Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund .................................99
 

Middle East and North Africa Incentive Fund ...................................................100
 

B. Independent Agencies 

Peace Corps .......................................................................................................102
 

Millennium Challenge Corporation ...................................................................103
 

Inter-American Foundation ...............................................................................104
 

African Development Foundation .....................................................................105
 

C. Department of the Treasury 

Treasury Technical Assistance and Debt Restructuring ....................................106
 

IV. International Security Assistance 

International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement .....................................107
 

Nonproliferation, Anti-terrorism, Demining and Related Programs .................112
 

Peacekeeping Operations ..................................................................................115
 

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International Military Education and Training ..................................................118
 

Foreign Military Financing ...............................................................................119
 

Global Security Contingency Fund ...................................................................121
 

Special Defense Acquisition Fund ....................................................................122
 

V. Multilateral Economic Assistance ..........................................................................123
 

International Organizations and Programs ........................................................123
 

International Financial Institutions ....................................................................124
 

VI. Export and Investment Assistance 

Export-Import Bank of the United States ..........................................................127
 

Overseas Private Investment Corporation .........................................................128
 

U.S. Trade and Development Agency ...............................................................129
 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, SCIENCE, AND RELATED AGENCIES 

International Trade Commission .......................................................................130
 

Foreign Claims Settlement Commission ...........................................................131
 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, 

AND RELATED AGENCY 

Department of Agriculture 

Food for Peace Title II ................................................................................132
 

McGovern-Dole International Food for Education .....................................133
 

OVERSEAS CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS (OCO) ...........................................135
 

Summary Table ............................................................................................................136
 

Overview ........................................................................................................................137
 

Department of State 

Diplomatic and Consular Programs-OCO .........................................................138
 

Office of Inspector General-OCO .....................................................................140
 

United States Agency for International Development 

USAID Operating Expenses-OCO.....................................................................141
 

Bilateral Economic Assistance 

Economic Support Fund-OCO ...........................................................................142
 

International Security Assistance
 

International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement–OCO ..........................144
 

Foreign Military Financing-OCO ......................................................................147
 

Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund-OCO ..........................................148
 

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APPENDIX: ACCOUNT TABLES 

Global Health Programs-USAID ........................................................................150
 

Global Health Programs-State ............................................................................153
 

Development Assistance .....................................................................................155
 

Economic Support Fund ......................................................................................157
 

Migration and Refugee Assistance &
 

Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund ...................................160
 

Middle East and North Africa Incentive Fund.....................................................161
 

International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement ......................................162
 

Nonproliferation, Anti-terrorism, Demining and Related Programs ...................165
 

Peacekeeping Operations ....................................................................................166
 

International Military Education and Training ...................................................167
 

Foreign Military Financing .................................................................................171
 

International Organizations and Programs ..........................................................174
 

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THE SECRETARY OF STATE
 

WASHINGTON
 

February , 2012 

In a fast-changing world, American leadership is more essential than ever. 

The rise of new powers is redrawing the geostrategic map. The Arab world is 

transforming before our eyes. Al-Qaida and its affiliates are weakened but still 

dangerous. Our companies face serious international competitors in more places 

and more sectors than ever before. Whether the challenge is halting the 

proliferation of weapons of mass destruction or protecting universal rights and 

freedoms, no other nation has the reach and resources to anchor a more peaceful 

and prosperous world. Only America can do that. 

On behalf of President Obama, it is my pleasure to submit the FY 2013 

International Affairs Executive Budget Summary and Congressional Budget 

Justification. This budget request is not merely a set of numbers. It is our 

blueprint for how diplomacy and development can sustain our country’s global 

leadership and deliver results for the American people. 

We are committed to staying ahead of the curve. We are intensifying our 

engagement as a Pacific power, while upholding our commitments around the 

world. We are launching a major new effort to support the historic transitions 

underway in the Middle East and North Africa. We are putting diplomacy and 

development at the heart of our new mission in postwar Iraq and our evolving 

mission in Afghanistan. We are elevating the role of economics within our 

diplomacy to help our companies compete and create American jobs. We are 

empowering women and girls to live up to their God-given potential and contribute 

to the success and stability of their societies. 

And we are changing the way we do business by investing in the technology, 

tools, and capabilities needed to bring diplomacy and development into the 21st 

century. This is the first budget that implements many of the reforms envisioned 

by the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review (QDDR). New State 

Department bureaus focused on counterterrorism and energy will strengthen our 

efforts on pressing policy challenges. Our restructured Bureau of Conflict and 

Stabilization Operations now has expert rapid response teams ready to deploy to 

potentially unstable regions on short notice. USAID Forward is answering the 

QDDR’s call for reforms to continue to reestablish USAID as the world’s premier 

global development agency. 

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We know that this is a time of fiscal constraint and economic hardship for 

the American people. So we are seeking out every opportunity to work smarter 

and more efficiently. We have proposed painful but responsible cuts without 

compromising our national security mission. We are capitalizing on efficiencies in 

our global health programs, reducing our FY 2013 request by approximately $300 

million compared to FY 2012 levels. We also are reducing our humanitarian 

assistance request by approximately $300 million compared to last year’s 

appropriation. We plan to reduce overall assistance funding to Europe, Eurasia, 

and Central Asia by 18 percent in FY 2013. As Colombia assumes greater 

responsibility for counternarcotics and citizen security efforts, we are reducing our 

level of assistance below FY 2012 levels. We are scaling back construction 

projects worldwide. And we are taking countless measures to streamline our 

efforts, improve procurement, and find new efficiencies that together add up to 

significant savings. 

Even in tough times, this request represents a smart and strategic investment. 

The State Department and USAID are among the most effective—and cost 

effective—tools we have to create economic opportunity and keep Americans safe. 

With just over one percent of the federal budget, our diplomats and 

development experts make an outsized contribution to our national security. They 

resolve disputes and address instability before it boils over into crisis. They reduce 

the threat of nuclear weapons, stabilize conflict zones, help secure our borders, 

fight international criminal trafficking, counter violent extremism, protect and 

assist Americans overseas, provide the secure platforms from which many 

government agencies operate, and help build stable democracies and prosperous 

communities that are less likely to threaten their neighbors, our allies, or the United 

States. 

Our foreign policy is also a force for economic renewal at home and job 

creation for the American people. USAID supports development in the world’s 

poorest and most unstable regions not only because it is the right thing to do, but 

also because U.S. development assistance is a tried-and-true strategic investment 

that helps build future trading partners and customers. Meanwhile, as part of our 

economic statecraft agenda, more than 1,000 State Department economic officers 

promote trade, support U.S exports, and help our companies gain access to 

overseas markets from Seoul to Sao Paolo. Our country’s economic strength and 

our global leadership are a package deal. This budget request will shore up both. 

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In the last year alone, American taxpayers’ investment in diplomacy and 

development has brought significant returns: 

As protests swept the Middle East and North Africa, it funded strong and 

steady American diplomacy—day by day, crisis by crisis—across a vital region. It 

helped our soldiers make progress in Afghanistan and come home from Iraq. It 

helped deliver three Free Trade Agreements that will create tens of thousands of 

American jobs. It reinvigorated important strategic partnerships across the AsiaPacific region. It made possible a diplomatic opening to Burma that offers the 

promise of a better future for tens of millions of long-suffering people. It 

championed human rights, religious freedom, women’s rights and protection for 

lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people around the world. It united the 

world’s great powers to enforce the toughest international sanctions ever imposed 

to stop Iran’s dangerous pursuit of nuclear weapons. And it forged the coalition 

that supported the Libyan people as they reclaimed their country from a brutal 

tyrant—without the loss of a single American life. 

The preservation of American leadership funded by our civilian budget 

provides a critical foundation for global stability. It allows us to lead by example, 

by persuasion, by convening and, when necessary, by coercion. And it positions us 

to advance America’s enduring values, economic prosperity, and national security 

around the world. 

Our request 

This year, the Department of State and USAID budget request totals $51.6 

billion. In the face of multiplying challenges, burgeoning needs, and increased 

responsibilities, State and USAID have limited our request to what is absolutely 

necessary to achieve our mission. We have requested a modest increase that is less 

than the rate of inflation. 

To ensure that every dollar we receive is spent wisely, we are also focused 

on managing our performance. This request also serves as the Annual 

Performance Report for FY 2011 and the Annual Performance Plan for FY 2013. 

Let me provide an overview of what our request would fund: 

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Supporting Allies, Preventing Conflict, and Promoting Democracy 

First, our investment in diplomacy and development supports efforts to 

secure American interests, strengthen our friends and allies, forge new partnerships 

and promote our values in every region of the globe. 

Our goal is to prevent conflict today so that our troops do not have to deploy 

tomorrow. American assistance funds police training to take on criminal gangs in 

Central America, aid for post-conflict nations such as South Sudan and Libya, and 

military-to-military partnerships with more than 70 countries. In places like Haiti, 

Yemen and Honduras, it promotes stability. It sustains our participation in 

important international institutions and funds the vital work of peacekeeping 

missions across the world. 

In the past year, no region experienced greater upheaval than the Middle 

East and North Africa. Since last January, our diplomats and development experts 

have successfully managed several simultaneous crises with critical American 

interests at stake. They have supported civic activists across the region; assisted 

economic development and free elections in Tunisia and Egypt; mobilized a global 

coalition to support the Libyan people; ratcheted up the international pressure on 

Iran; supported the Syrian people’s desire for democratic change and sought to 

hold their leaders accountable; and helped the region’s emerging democracies 

create economic opportunities for their people. 

For the first time, our FY 2013 request also includes $770 million for a 

Middle East and North Africa Incentive Fund to help America support citizens 

who have demanded change and governments that are working to deliver it. This 

ambitious fund is inspired by the courage and sacrifice of those seeking a better, 

freer future for the region and designed to help them realize their aspirations. The 

new fund will provide support for political reform, free and fair elections, 

democratic institutions, transparent and accountable government, vibrant civil 

society, transitional justice, open markets and inclusive growth. To ensure that 

American taxpayer dollars deliver results, the fund will be primarily focused on 

supporting governments that demonstrate a commitment to undertake meaningful 

political and economic reform. 

One constant amid change is our steadfast support for Israel. Our FY 2013 

request maintains last year’s record funding levels. 

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Frontline States 

Second, the State Department and USAID are engaged—often working 

shoulder-to-shoulder with our troops—on the frontlines of our efforts to keep 

America safe. 

In Iraq, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, civilian agencies are bearing temporary, 

extraordinary costs as part of our national security mission. By maintaining a 

separate budget for Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO), we achieve greater 

transparency regarding war-related costs and align our practices with those of the 

Department of Defense. Our overall request for the frontline states – including 

$3.6 billion in the base budget—totals $11.9 billion. Applying the same 

methodology we used in last year’s request, in FY 2013 we request $8.2 billion of 

these funds in OCO. 

In Iraq, diplomats, development professionals, and other civilians have 

completed a historic transition and assumed full leadership of an American mission 

that once involved more than 170,000 troops. Civilians are now responsible for 

helping Iraq become a secure and stable partner in the strategic heart of the Middle 

East. We are moving toward an increasingly normalized presence resulting in 

considerable savings to the American taxpayer. In FY 2011, the U.S. government 

as a whole spent approximately $48 billion on Iraq. In FY 2013, the governmentwide request for Iraq is less than $8 billion—a reduction of more than 80 percent in 

just two years. State and USAID request $4.8 billion, including $4 billion in the 

OCO budget. 

By the fall of 2012, the 33,000 U.S. troops who surged into Afghanistan will 

be home. As troops come home, our civilian personnel will remain to secure our 

hard-won gains and help Afghans ensure that their country never again becomes a 

terrorist safe haven. Funds will be used to establish a stable foundation for longterm economic growth, put in place the resources to support an enduring civilian 

partnership, and smooth the transition as Afghans reclaim responsibility for their 

country’s security. To fund this essential work, we request $4.6 billion for 

Afghanistan, including $3.2 billion in OCO costs. 

Building a stable Afghanistan depends on effective cooperation with 

Pakistan. Maintaining our partnership with Pakistan is challenging, but it is critical 

to our national security. Our request includes funds to strengthen democratic and 

civil institutions that provide a bulwark against extremism, support joint security 

and counterterrorism efforts, and protect American personnel. Our FY 2013 

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request for Pakistan is $2.4 billion, which includes $959 million in the OCO 

budget. 

Human and Economic Security 

Third, our programs take on global challenges to human and economic 

security, including hunger, disease, and the destabilizing effects of climate change. 

They promote economic development and lay the foundation for more stable and 

prosperous societies that can grow into capable American partners. 

One of the Administration’s priorities is the Global Health Initiative, where 

we seek to build on the bipartisan legacy of PEPFAR, one of the most successful 

public health programs in history. Our request of $7.9 billion supports President 

Obama’s goal of an AIDS-free generation and aims to provide life-saving 

treatment to six million people globally by the end of 2013. Our program also 

focuses on high-impact areas such as maternal and child health and malaria. We 

are consolidating programs and shifting responsibility to host governments, which 

lowers costs dramatically and allows us to save more lives. 

When a severe drought and famine struck the Horn of Africa in 2011, we 

saw the life-saving impact of American assistance. We also saw the need for longterm investments in food security to prevent and mitigate crises in the future. That 

is why, for 2013, we request $1 billion to continue the President’s Feed the Future 

initiative, which will help millions of men, women and children. Consistent with 

the QDDR, we are also eliminating programs in several countries to focus on areas 

where we can have the greatest impact. Our programs are designed to hasten the 

day when countries will no longer need food aid at all. 

Climate change remains one of the most serious long-term threats to global 

stability. Our Global Climate Change Initiative request of $470 million supports 

programs to develop clean energy economies; combat deforestation; and help 

vulnerable countries build resilience to withstand extreme weather and rising sea 

levels. It allows America to build on our diplomatic progress at Durban, where 

nations committed to negotiate a new agreement by 2015 that will be applicable to 

all countries, developed and developing alike. 

All three initiatives contribute to our larger efforts to help build stable, 

prosperous, democratic societies. We are embracing innovative new approaches. 

Our Missions in El Salvador, the Philippines, Ghana, and Tanzania are leading an 

innovative, data-driven, whole-of-government project to identify constraints and 

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create genuine Partnerships for Growth. Our budget also funds humanitarian 

response, care for refugees, and peacekeeping operations to help those in danger 

and dire need. 

Our People and Global Presence 

Finally, all that we hope to accomplish depends on the men and women who 

carry out our policies. Whether they are maintaining critical relationships with 

foreign leaders, providing on-the-ground political and economic reporting, 

implementing critical development programs, reaching out to citizens of other 

nations through public diplomacy, or providing passports and emergency services 

to millions of Americans to travel abroad, their service and sacrifice are the 

backbone of America’s civilian power. We owe it to them to provide the tools, 

facilities, and protection they need to do their jobs. 

Our embassies around the world are powerful symbols of America’s strength 

and staying power. Unfortunately, many are falling apart. This budget includes 

funds for repair and construction worldwide, but where possible, we have delayed 

important work to save taxpayers money. 

The State Department and USAID are constantly seeking out opportunities 

to better serve the American people. Strategic investments in consular affairs have 

enabled us to respond quickly to skyrocketing demand for visas in several major 

markets, including Brazil and China. Over the past 15 months, we have reduced 

the average wait time for a U.S. visa interview in China from 60 days to less than 

72 hours. This kind of improvement helps attract investment and tourism to the 

United States, which enhances American competitiveness and creates jobs. 

American leadership in today’s world is not a birthright. It is an 

achievement, a responsibility, and an exciting opportunity. Generations of 

Americans have risen to meet moments just like this one with optimism, resolve, 

and a willingness to invest the resources necessary to build a better future. The 

men and women of the State Department and USAID put those resources to work 

every day. Our budget request gives them the tools to serve the American people 

and sustain our leadership in a changing world. 

Hillary Rodham Clinton 

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8
STATE OPERATIONS and FOREIGN ASSISTANCE REQUEST 

($000) 

9

FY 2011 Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

Enduring 

FY 2012 

Estimate OCO 

FY 2012 

Estimate Total 

FY 2013 

Request 

Enduring 

FY 2013 

Request OCO 

FY 2013 

Request Total 

Change from FY 

2012 Estimate to 

FY 2013 

Request 

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS (Function 150) and International Commissions (Function 300) 50,329,514 43,860,682 11,202,787 55,063,469 48,126,015 8,244,517 56,370,532 1,307,063 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS (Function 150 Account) Only 50,196,872 43,736,520 11,202,787 54,939,307 48,003,915 8,244,517 56,248,432 1,309,125 

Total - State Department and USAID (including 300) 46,344,914 39,644,437 11,188,424 50,832,861 43,377,551 8,244,517 51,622,068 789,207 

STATE OPERATIONS & RELATED ACCOUNTS 15,757,939 13,192,048 4,627,457 17,819,505 14,268,851 4,361,646 18,630,497 810,992 

STATE OPERATIONS 14,979,765 12,414,329 4,614,646 17,028,975 13,511,302 4,361,646 17,872,948 843,973 

Administration of Foreign Affairs 11,225,929 8,859,106 4,513,346 13,372,452 9,588,876 4,361,646 13,950,522 578,070

 State Programs 8,776,445 6,588,511 4,389,064 10,977,575 7,151,919 4,311,745 11,463,664 486,089

 Diplomatic and Consular Programs 8,717,065 6,529,131 4,389,064 10,918,195 7,068,619 4,311,745 11,380,364 462,169

 Ongoing Operations 7,220,009 5,174,131 4,152,863 9,326,994 5,640,151 3,590,218 9,230,369 (96,625)

 Worldwide Security Protection 1,497,056 1,355,000 236,201 1,591,201 1,428,468 721,527 2,149,995 558,794

 Capital Investment Fund 59,380 59,380 - 59,380 83,300 - 83,300 23,920

 Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance 1,630,953 1,537,000 33,000 1,570,000 1,637,724 - 1,637,724 67,724

 Ongoing Operations 837,543 762,000 33,000 795,000 948,925 - 948,925 153,925

 Worldwide Security Upgrades 793,410 775,000 - 775,000 688,799 - 688,799 (86,201)

 Other Administration of Foreign Affairs 818,531 733,595 91,282 824,877 799,233 49,901 849,134 24,257

 Conflict Stabilization Operations (CSO) 35,197 21,816 8,500 30,316 56,500 - 56,500 26,184

 Office of the Inspector General 104,790 61,904 67,182 129,086 65,622 49,901 115,523 (13,563)

 Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs 599,550 583,200 15,600 598,800 586,957 - 586,957 (11,843)

 Representation Allowances 7,840 7,300 - 7,300 7,484 - 7,484 184

 Protection of Foreign Missions and Officials 27,944 27,000 - 27,000 28,200 - 28,200 1,200

 Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Services 19,353 9,300 - 9,300 9,500 - 9,500 200

 Buying Power Maintenance Account - - - - - - - -

Repatriation Loans Program Account 1,574 1,447 - 1,447 1,800 - 1,800 353

 Payment to the American Institute in Taiwan 21,778 21,108 - 21,108 37,200 - 37,200 16,092

 International Chancery Center 505 520 - 520 5,970 5,970 5,450

 Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund [158,900] [158,900] - [158,900] [158,900] - [158,900] -
STATE OPERATIONS and FOREIGN ASSISTANCE REQUEST 

($000) 

10

FY 2011 Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

Enduring 

FY 2012 

Estimate OCO 

FY 2012 

Estimate Total 

FY 2013 

Request 

Enduring 

FY 2013 

Request OCO 

FY 2013 

Request Total 

Change from FY 

2012 Estimate to 

FY 2013 

Request 

International Organizations 3,462,582 3,277,882 101,300 3,379,182 3,668,505 - 3,668,505 289,323

 Contributions to International Organizations (CIO) 1,578,651 1,449,700 101,300 1,551,000 1,570,005 - 1,570,005 19,005

 Contributions for International Peacekeeping Activities (CIPA) 1,883,931 1,828,182 1,828,182 2,098,500 - 2,098,500 270,318 

Related Programs 158,612 153,179 - 153,179 131,821 - 131,821 (21,358)

 The Asia Foundation 17,864 17,000 - 17,000 15,400 - 15,400 (1,600)

 Center for Middle Easter-Western Dialogue 1,304 840 - 840 798 - 798 (42)

 Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program 304 500 - 500 449 - 449 (51)

 Israeli Arab Scholarship Program 418 375 - 375 374 - 374 (1)

 East-West Center 20,958 16,700 - 16,700 10,800 - 10,800 (5,900)

 National Endowment for Democracy 117,764 117,764 - 117,764 104,000 - 104,000 (13,764) 

International Commissions (Function 300) 132,642 124,162 - 124,162 122,100 - 122,100 (2,062)

 International Boundary and Water Commission - Salaries and Expenses 43,213 44,722 - 44,722 46,700 - 46,700 1,978

 International Boundary and Water Commission - Construction 26,447 31,453 - 31,453 30,400 - 30,400 (1,053) 

-

American Sections 12,583 11,687 - 11,687 12,200 - 12,200 513

 International Joint Commission 7,984 7,012 - 7,012 7,392 - 7,392 380

 International Boundary Commission 2,354 2,279 - 2,279 2,441 - 2,441 162

 Border Environment Cooperation Commission 2,245 2,396 - 2,396 2,367 - 2,367 (29) 

-

International Fisheries Commissions 50,399 36,300 - 36,300 32,800 - 32,800 (3,500) 

Broadcasting Board of Governors 738,754 747,130 4,400 751,530 720,149 - 720,149 (31,381)

 International Broadcasting Operations 732,309 740,100 4,400 744,500 711,558 - 711,558 (32,942) Broadcasting Capital Improvements 6,445 7,030 - 7,030 8,591 - 8,591 1,561 

Other Programs 39,420 30,589 8,411 39,000 37,400 - 37,400 (1,600)

 United States Institute of Peace 39,420 30,589 8,411 39,000 37,400 - 37,400 (1,600) 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS 33,381,357 29,532,334 6,575,330 36,107,664 32,273,164 3,882,871 36,156,035 48,371 

U.S Agency for International Development 1,528,437 1,268,500 259,500 1,528,000 1,448,445 84,000 1,532,445 4,445

 USAID Operating Expenses (OE) 1,347,300 1,092,300 255,000 1,347,300 1,263,045 84,000 1,347,045 (255)

 Conflict Stabilization Operations (CSO) 4,990 - - - - - - -

USAID Capital Investment Fund (CIF) 129,740 129,700 - 129,700 134,900 - 134,900 5,200

 USAID Inspector General Operating Expenses 46,407 46,500 4,500 51,000 50,500 - 50,500 (500) 
STATE OPERATIONS and FOREIGN ASSISTANCE REQUEST 

($000) 

11

FY 2011 Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

Enduring 

FY 2012 

Estimate OCO 

FY 2012 

Estimate Total 

FY 2013 

Request 

Enduring 

FY 2013 

Request OCO 

FY 2013 

Request Total 

Change from FY 

2012 Estimate to 

FY 2013 

Request 

Bilateral Economic Assistance 19,805,351 16,990,784 3,217,016 20,207,800 18,749,271 1,037,871 19,787,142 (420,658)

 Global Health Programs (USAID and State)1,2 7,832,310 8,167,860 - 8,167,860 7,854,000 - 7,854,000 (313,860)

 Global Health Programs - USAID [2,498,000] [2,625,000] - [2,625,000] [2,504,000] - [2,504,000] [-121,000]

 Global Health Programs - State [5,334,310] [5,542,860] - [5,542,860] [5,350,000] - [5,350,000] [-192,860]

 Development Assistance (DA) 2,519,950 2,519,950 - 2,519,950 2,525,500 - 2,525,500 5,550

 International Disaster Assistance (IDA) 863,270 825,000 150,000 975,000 960,000 - 960,000 (15,000)

 Transition Initiatives (TI) 54,890 50,141 6,554 56,695 57,600 - 57,600 905

 Complex Crises Fund (CCF) 39,920 10,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 - 50,000 10,000

 Development Credit Authority - Subsidy (DCA) [30,000] [40,000] - [40,000] [40,000] - [40,000] -

Development Credit Authority - Administrative Expenses 8,283 8,300 - 8,300 8,200 - 8,200 (100)

 Economic Support Fund (ESF)3 5,931,714 2,994,745 2,801,462 5,796,207 4,848,571 1,037,871 5,886,442 90,235

 Democracy Fund 114,770 114,770 - 114,770 - - - (114,770)

 Assistance for Europe, Eurasia and Central Asia (AEECA) 695,740 626,718 - 626,718 - - - (626,718)

 Migration and Refugee Assistance (MRA) 1,694,604 1,646,100 229,000 1,875,100 1,625,400 - 1,625,400 (249,700)

 U.S. Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance (ERMA) 49,900 27,200 - 27,200 50,000 - 50,000 22,800

 Middle East and North Africa Incentive Fund - - - - 770,000 - 770,000 770,000 

Independent Agencies 1,324,345 1,325,700 - 1,325,700 1,314,800 - 1,314,800 (10,900)

 Peace Corps 374,250 375,000 - 375,000 374,500 - 374,500 (500)

 Millennium Challenge Corporation 898,200 898,200 - 898,200 898,200 - 898,200 -

Inter-American Foundation 22,454 22,500 - 22,500 18,100 - 18,100 (4,400)

 African Development Foundation 29,441 30,000 - 30,000 24,000 - 24,000 (6,000) 

Department of Treasury 75,348 37,448 1,552 39,000 275,448 - 275,448 236,448

 Treasury Technical Assistance 25,448 25,448 1,552 27,000 25,448 - 25,448 (1,552)

 Debt Restructuring 49,900 12,000 12,000 250,000 - 250,000 238,000 

International Security Assistance 8,413,954 7,269,819 3,097,262 10,367,081 7,941,233 2,761,000 10,702,233 335,152

 International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE)4 1,593,806 1,061,100 943,605 2,004,705 1,456,502 1,050,000 2,506,502 501,797

 Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining and Related Programs (NADR) 738,520 590,113 120,657 710,770 635,668 635,668 (75,102)

 Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) 304,390 302,818 81,000 383,818 249,100 249,100 (134,718)

 International Military Education and Training (IMET) 105,788 105,788 - 105,788 102,643 102,643 (3,145)

 Foreign Military Financing (FMF)7 5,374,230 5,210,000 1,102,000 6,312,000 5,472,320 911,000 6,383,320 71,320

 Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund (PCCF)5 297,220 - 800,000 800,000 - 800,000 800,000 -

Global Security Contingency Fund - - 50,000 50,000 25,000 - 25,000 (25,000)

 Special Defense Acquisition Fund - - - - - - - -
STATE OPERATIONS and FOREIGN ASSISTANCE REQUEST 

($000) 

12

FY 2011 Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

Enduring 

FY 2012 

Estimate OCO 

FY 2012 

Estimate Total 

FY 2013 

Request 

Enduring 

FY 2013 

Request OCO 

FY 2013 

Request Total 

Change from FY 

2012 Estimate to 

FY 2013 

Request 

Multilateral Economic Assistance 2,299,471 2,971,093 - 2,971,093 2,952,644 - 2,952,644 (18,449)

 International Organizations and Programs6 351,290 348,705 348,705 327,300 327,300 (21,405) 

International Financial Institutions (IFIs) 1,948,181 2,622,388 - 2,622,388 2,625,344 - 2,625,344 2,956

 Global Environment Facility (GEF) 89,820 89,820 - 89,820 129,400 - 129,400 39,580

 Clean Technology Fund 184,630 184,630 - 184,630 185,000 - 185,000 370

 Strategic Climate Fund 49,900 49,900 - 49,900 50,000 - 50,000 100

 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development - 117,364 - 117,364 186,957 - 186,957 69,593

 International Development Association 1,232,530 1,325,000 - 1,325,000 1,358,500 - 1,358,500 33,500

 Inter-American Development Bank - 75,000 - 75,000 102,020 - 102,020 27,020

 Inter-American Investment Corporation 20,958 4,670 - 4,670 - - - (4,670)

 Enterprise for the Americas Multilateral Investment Fund 24,950 25,000 - 25,000 - - - (25,000)

 Asian Development Fund - 100,000 - 100,000 115,250 - 115,250 15,250

 Asian Development Bank 106,373 106,586 - 106,586 106,799 - 106,799 213

 African Development Bank - 32,418 - 32,418 32,418 - 32,418 -

African Development Fund 109,780 172,500 - 172,500 195,000 - 195,000 22,500

 Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative - 174,500 - 174,500 - - - (174,500)

 European Bank of Reconstruction and Development - - - - - - - -

International Fund for Agricultural Development 29,440 30,000 - 30,000 30,000 - 30,000 -

Global Agriculture and Food Security Program 99,800 135,000 - 135,000 134,000 - 134,000 (1,000) 

Export & Investment Assistance (149,400) (413,010) - (413,010) (493,616) - (493,616) (80,606)

 Export-Import Bank 2,575 (266,000) - (266,000) (359,100) - (359,100) (93,100)

 Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) (201,875) (197,010) - (197,010) (192,116) - (192,116) 4,894

 Trade and Development Agency 49,900 50,000 - 50,000 57,600 - 57,600 7,600 

Related International Affairs Accounts 83,851 82,000 - 82,000 84,939 - 84,939 2,939

 International Trade Commission 81,696 80,000 - 80,000 82,800 - 82,800 2,800

 Foreign Claims Settlement Commission 2,155 2,000 - 2,000 2,139 - 2,139 139 

Department of Agriculture 1,696,101 1,650,000 - 1,650,000 1,584,000 - 1,584,000 (66,000)

 Food for Peace Act Title II 1,497,000 1,466,000 - 1,466,000 1,400,000 - 1,400,000 (66,000)

 McGovern-Dole International Food for Education 199,101 184,000 - 184,000 184,000 - 184,000 -
STATE OPERATIONS and FOREIGN ASSISTANCE REQUEST 

($000) 

13

FY 2011 Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

Enduring 

FY 2012 

Estimate OCO 

FY 2012 

Estimate Total 

FY 2013 

Request 

Enduring 

FY 2013 

Request OCO 

FY 2013 

Request Total 

Change from FY 

2012 Estimate to 

FY 2013 

Request 

Rescissions Total Rescissions State Operations (72,000) (13,700) - (13,700) - - - 13,700

 Diplomatic & Consular Programs (D&CP) (55,000) (13,700) - (13,700) - - - 13,700

 Ongoing Operations Worldwide - (5,700) - (5,700) - - - 5,700

 Worldwide Security Protection (55,000) (8,000) - (8,000) - - - 8,000

 Buying Power Maintenance Account (17,000) - - - - - - -

Total Rescissions Foreign Operations (433,883) (500,000) - (500,000) - - - 500,000 

Bilateral Economic Assistance (151,700) (100,000) - (100,000) - - - 100,000

 Assistance for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union(FSA) (11,700) - - - - - - -

Development Assistance (DA) (1,000) - - - - - - -

Economic Support Fund (ESF) (120,000) (100,000) - (100,000) - - - 100,000

 Assistance for Europe, Eurasia and Central Asia (AEECA) (19,000) - - - - - - -

International Security Assistance (7,183) - - - - - - -

International Narcotics and Law Enforcement (INCLE) (7,183) - - - - - - -

Export & Investment Assistance (275,000) (400,000) - (400,000) - - - 400,000

 Export-Import Bank (275,000) (400,000) - (400,000) - - - 400,000 

Footnotes

1/ Global Health Programs was previously the Global Health and Child Survival (GHCS) account.2/ The FY 2011 Actual level reflects the transfer of $3.0 million from International Organizations & Programs to Global Health Programs-USAID (GHP).3/ The FY 2012 Estimate for Economic Support Fund (ESF) - OCO reflects a $40 million transfer from the FY 2012 Estimate International Narcotics and Law Enforcement - OCO account.4/ The FY 2012 Estimate for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement(INCLE) -OCO reflects a $40 million transfer to Economic Support Fund (ESF) - OCO.5/ The FY 2011 Actual reflects a $297.22 million transfer to the Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund (PCCF) from the Department of Defense Pakistan Counterinsurgency Fund (PCF). 
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14
 

Statement of Performance 

Performance Analysis 

The Department of State and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) have made great 

strides to develop relevant, measureable, and outcome oriented indicators, and to assess progress against 

prior-year performance through trend data. The Congressional Budget Justification (CBJ) submission 

serves as the Department’s and USAID’s FY 2013 Annual Performance Plan and FY 2011 Annual 

Performance Report. The results of efforts to improve strategic planning and performance management 

throughout the Department and USAID, both domestically and at the Missions, are detailed in the 

accompanying State Operations and Foreign Assistance volumes of the CBJ. 

Department of State-USAID Agency Priority Goals 

Under the leadership of Secretary Clinton, the Department of State and USAID have developed a new 

strategic approach to accomplishing their shared mission, focusing on robust diplomacy and development 

as central components to solving global problems. Per the Government Performance and Results Act 

(GPRA) Modernization Act of 2010, the Department and USAID are submitting for the Office of 

Management and Budget (OMB) consideration eight outcome-focused agency priority goals (APGs) that 

reflect the Secretary’s and USAID Administrator’s highest priorities. These near-term goals advance the 

Joint Strategic Goals, reflect Department and USAID strategic and budget priorities and will continue to 

be of particular focus for the two agencies through FY 2013. 

APGs are the next iteration of the federal High Priority Performance Goal (HPPG) effort, for which the 

Department and USAID had also identified eight joint 2010-2011 goals. The table below shows the 

relationship of each APG and the new joint Department of State-USAID Strategic Goal Framework. 

Currently, there are no APGs reflected for Strategic Goals 1, 4 and 6. A more comprehensive table is 

featured in both State Operations and Foreign Assistance volumes of the CBJ. Complete information for 

each APG has been provided, per OMB Memorandum M-11-31. 

Agency Priority 

Goal 

Goals* 

Strategic Goal 2: Effectively manage transitions in the frontline states. 

Afghanistan Goal: With mutual accountability, assistance from the United States and the 

international community will continue to help improve the Government of the 

Islamic Republic of Afghanistan’s (GIRoA) capacity to meet its goals and 

maintain stability. Bonn Conference commitments call on GIRoA to transition to a 

sustainable economy, namely improve revenue collection, increase the pace of 

economic reform, and instill a greater sense of accountability and transparency in 

all government operations. Strengthen Afghanistan's ability to maintain stability 

and development gains through transition. By September 30, 2013, U.S. 

Government assistance delivered will help the Afghan government increase 

domestic revenue level from sources such as customs and electrical tariffs from 

10% to 12% of GDP. 

15
 

Strategic Goal 3: Expand and sustain the ranks of prosperous, stable and democratic states by 

promoting effective, accountable, democratic governance; respect for human rights; sustainable, 

broad-based economic growth; and well-being. 

Democracy, Good Goal: Advance progress toward sustained and consolidated democratic transitions 

Governance, and in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, Bahrain, Yemen, Iran, Syria, 

Human Rights and West Bank/Gaza. By September 30, 2013, support continued progress toward 

or lay the foundations for transitions to accountable electoral democracies in 11 

countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) that respect civil and 

political liberties and human rights. 

Climate Change Goal: Advance low emissions climate resilient development. Lay the groundwork 

for climate-resilient development, increased private sector investment in a low 

carbon economy, and meaningful reductions in national emissions trajectories 

through 2020 and the longer term. By the end of 2013, U.S. assistance to support 

the development and implementation of Low Emission Development Strategies 

(LEDS) will reach 20 countries (from a baseline of 0 in 2010). This assistance will 

be strategically targeted and will result in strengthened capacity for and 

measureable progress on developing and implementing LEDS by the end of the 

following year. 

Food Security Goal: Increase food security in Feed the Future (FTF) initiative countries in order 

to reduce prevalence of poverty and malnutrition. By the end of FY 2013, 

agricultural profitability will improve, on average, by 15% among FTF beneficiary 

farmers, and one million children under age 2 will experience improved nutrition 

due to increased access to and utilization of nutritious foods (prevalence of 

receiving a minimum acceptable diet). 

Global Health Goal: By the end of FY 2013, the Global Health Initiative will seek to improve the 

health of populations by supporting the creation of an AIDS-free generation, 

saving the lives of mothers and children and protecting communities from 

infectious diseases through USAID- and State-supported programs. By September 

30th, 2013, the Global Health Initiative (GHI) will support the creation of an 

AIDS-free generation and save the lives of mothers and children and protect 

communities from infectious diseases by: a) decreasing incident HIV infections in 

the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)-supported SubSaharan African countries by more than 20%; b) reducing the all-cause mortality 

rate for children under five by 4.8% in USAID priority countries; c) increasing the 

percent of births attended by a skilled doctor, nurse, or midwife by 1.8% in 

USAID priority countries; and d) increasing the number of people no longer at risk 

for lymphatic filariasis by 75% in the target populations of USAID-assisted 

countries. 

Strategic Goal 5: Support American prosperity through economic diplomacy. 

Economic Goal: Through our more than 200 diplomatic missions overseas, the Department 

Statecraft of State will promote U.S. exports in order to help create opportunities for U.S. 

businesses. By September 30, 2013, our diplomatic missions overseas will 

increase the number of market-oriented economic and commercial policy activities 

and accomplishments by 15 percent. 

16
 

Strategic Goal 7: Build a 21st Century workforce; and achieve U.S. government operational and 

consular efficiency and effectiveness, transparency and accountability; and a secure US 

government presence internationally. 

Management Goal: Strengthen diplomacy and development by leading through civilian power. 

By September 30, 2013, the State Department and USAID will reduce vacancies in 

high priority positions overseas to 0% and 10 % respectively and will reduce 

instances of employees not meeting language standards to 24% and 10% 

respectively. 

Procurement 

Management/Local 

Development 

Partners 

Goal: Strengthen local civil society and private sector capacity to improve aid 

effectiveness and sustainability, by working closely with our implementing 

partners on capacity building and local grant and contract allocations. By 

September 30, 2013, USAID will expand local development partners from 746 to 

1200. 

*As of February 2, 2012. 

Per the GPRA Modernization Act, 31 U.S.C. 1115(b)(10), requirement to address Federal Goals in the 

Strategic Plan and Annual Performance Plan, please refer to Performance.gov for information on Federal 

Priority Goals and the agencies’ contributions to those goals, where applicable. 

Department of State-USAID High Priority Performance Goals FY 2010-FY 2011 

For fiscal years 2010 and 2011, the Department of State and USAID established and monitored progress 

against eight outcome-focused HPPGs that reflected the Secretary’s and USAID Administrator’s highest 

priorities. The HPPGs reflected the agencies’ strategic priorities under the previous Joint Strategic 

Framework. The table below illustrates the HPPGs’ alignment to the previous Strategic Framework. 

Comprehensive goal language and key results demonstrating the progress achieved for each HPPG is 

available at http://goals.performance.gov/agency/dosusaid. HPPGs have been closed out and archived on 

http://www.performance.gov/ in order to launch the new set of APGs. 

Strategic Goal 1: Achieving Peace and Security 

Afghanistan and Pakistan Iraq Global Security—Nuclear 

Nonproliferation 

Strategic Goal 2: Governing Justly and Democratically 

Democracy, Good Governance, & Human Rights 

Strategic Goal 3: Investing in People 

Global Health 

Strategic Goal 4: Promoting Economic Growth and Prosperity 

Climate Change Food Security 

Strategic Goal 7: Strengthening Consular and Management Capabilities 

Management—Building Civilian Capacity 

17
Program Evaluation 

Program evaluation is an essential component to implementing diplomatic and development programs and 

initiatives. Evaluations allow project managers to better understand their programs and give policy 

makers a tool to assess the capacity of a particular program or sector. 

The Department and USAID have partnered to develop and implement new evaluation policies, 

guidelines and procedures to support both agencies' evaluation and performance management strategies. 

Under the aegis of the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review (QDDR), the two agencies are 

collaborating on activities to promote and sustain evaluation as a management tool. 

In October 2010, the Department of State approved a new program evaluation policy, supporting OMB's 

government-wide initiative to strengthen Federal agencies' capacities to evaluate their programs. This 

policy is an important milestone in improving agency evaluation capacity at the Department of State and 

more effectively incorporating evaluation as an agency management practice. The policy supports OMB 

efforts to work with agencies on the development of evaluation plans and to incorporate program 

evaluation as a core element of program management. As part of efforts to implement key QDDR 

recommendations, the Department is currently revising its evaluation policy to strengthen the connection 

of evaluations to agency strategic planning, performance management and budget formulation processes. 

The revised policy incorporates best practices and international standards in evaluation and criteria to 

facilitate the evaluation of programs, projects, activities and other efforts implemented with State 

Operations and Foreign Assistance funding. 

Strengthening monitoring and evaluation is one of the seven key reforms cited in USAID FORWARD, a 

comprehensive agenda to transform USAID into a modern development enterprise. Several important 

steps were taken in FY 2011 in pursuit of this aspect of the reform agenda. The USAID Policy 

Framework 2011-2015 was released in September 2011. It lists “measure and evaluate impact” as one of 

seven core operating principles. In January 2011, USAID released its new evaluation policy. As part of 

USAID FORWARD, the policy lays out how USAID will move forward to generate the robust evaluation 

findings needed to make sound decisions and to assure the greatest value for U.S. taxpayers. The 

implementation of this policy represents a major opportunity for USAID to demonstrate technical 

capacity and leadership. More information on the USAID Evaluation Policy is available at: 

http://www.usaid.gov/evaluation/USAIDEvaluationPolicy.pdf. A summary of Department and USAID 

program evaluations are detailed in the accompanying State Operations and Foreign Assistance volumes 

of the CBJ. 

18
FY 2013 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS 

ENDURING PROGRAMS 

19
 

 

Department of State 

Summary of Appropriations 

Enduring Budget 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 14 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Administration of Foreign Affairs 11,225,929 8,859,106 9,588,876 729,770 

State Programs 8,776,445 6,588,511 7,151,919 563,408 

Diplomatic and Consular Programs 1 8,717,065 6,529,131 7,068,619 539,488 

Ongoing Operations 7,220,009 5,174,131 5,640,151 466,020 

Worldwide Security Protection 2 1,497,056 1,355,000 1,428,468 73,468 

Capital Investment Fund 59,380 59,380 83,300 23,920 

Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance 1,630,953 1,537,000 1,637,724 100,724 

Ongoing Operations 3 837,543 762,000 948,925 186,925 

Worldwide Security Upgrades 793,410 775,000 688,799 (86,201) 

Other Administration of Foreign Affairs 818,531 733,595 799,233 65,638 

Conflict Stabilization Operations 4 35,197 21,816 56,500 34,684 

Office of Inspector General 5 104,790 61,904 65,622 3,718 

Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs 6 599,550 583,200 586,957 3,757 

Representation Allowances 7 7,840 7,300 7,484 184 

Protection of Foreign Missions and Officials 27,944 27,000 28,200 1,200 

Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service 8 19,353 9,300 9,500 200 

Buying Power Maintenance Account 9 0 0 0 0 

Repatriation Loans Program Account 10 1,574 1,447 1,800 353 

Payment to the American Institute in Taiwan 11 21,778 21,108 37,200 16,092 

International Chancery Center 12 505 520 5,970 5,450 

Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund (non-add)13 158,900 158,900 158,900 0 

0 0 0 0 

International Organizations 3,462,582 3,277,882 3,668,505 390,623 

Contributions to International Organizations 1,578,651 1,449,700 1,570,005 120,305 

Contributions for International Peacekeeping Activities 1,883,931 1,828,182 2,098,500 270,318 

0 0 0 0 

International Commissions (Function 300) 132,642 124,162 122,100 (2,062) 

International Boundary and Water Commission - S&E 43,213 44,722 46,700 1,978 

International Boundary and Water Commission - Construction 26,447 31,453 30,400 (1,053) 

American Sections 12,583 11,687 12,200 513 

International Joint Commission 7,984 7,012 7,392 380 

International Boundary Commission 2,354 2,279 2,441 162 

Border Environment Cooperation Commission 2,245 2,396 2,367 (29) 

International Fisheries Commissions 50,399 36,300 32,800 (3,500) 

0 0 0 0 

Related Programs 158,612 153,179 131,821 (21,358) 

The Asia Foundation 17,864 17,000 15,400 (1,600) 

Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue 1,304 840 798 (42) 

Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program 304 500 449 (51) 

Israeli Arab Scholarship Program 418 375 374 (1) 

East-West Center 20,958 16,700 10,800 (5,900) 

National Endowment for Democracy 117,764 117,764 104,000 (13,764) 

0 0 0 0 

TOTAL, Department of State Appropriations 14,979,765 12,414,329 13,511,302 1,096,973 

20
 

 

 

 

Summary of Appropriations Footnotes: 

FY 2011 Actual does not include a $55 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Worldwide Security 

Protection and a $17 million unobligated balance rescission to Buying Power Maintenance. 

FY 2012 Estimate does not include a $5.7 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Ongoing Operations 

Worldwide and an $8 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Worldwide Security Protection. 

1/ FY 2011 Actual reflects the following transfers: $18.0 million transferred from the Buying Power Maintenance Account; $356,100 transferred to 

Representation Allowances; $10.0 million transferred to Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service; $3.5 million transferred to Embassy 

Security, Construction, and Maintenance; $58.1 million transferred to other agencies for Afghanistan Operations; $750,000 transferred to 

Educational and Cultural Exchanges; and $670,000 transferred to the American Institute in Taiwan. FY 2012 Estimate includes the transfer of 

$21.8 million from Diplomatic and Consular Programs to Conflict Stabilization Operations. 

2/ FY 2011 Actual reflects net transfers of $56,213 of which $749,213 was transferred from USAID Office of Civilian Response, and $693,000 

transferred to Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance. 

3/ FY 2011 Actual includes the transfer of $3.5 million from Diplomatic and Consular Programs for American Centers; a $10 million transfer from 

Diplomatic and Consular Programs (Consular Affairs Border Security Machine Readable Visa Fees); and, a $693,000 transfer from Worldwide 

Security Protection. 

4/ FY 2012 Estimate includes the transfer of $21.8 million from Diplomatic and Consular Programs to Conflict Stabilization Operations. 

5/ FY 2011 includes $57.4 million for DOS OIG, $25.5 million for the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR), and 

$22.0 million for the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction (SIGIR). In FY 2012 and FY 2013, funding for SIGAR and SIGIR are 

included in Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO). 

6/ FY 2011 Actual includes $750,000 transferred from Diplomatic and Consular Programs. 

7/ FY 2011 Actual includes $356,100 transferred from Diplomatic and Consular Programs. 

8/ FY 2011 Actual includes $10.0 million transferred from Diplomatic and Consular Programs and $127,134 transferred to Repatriation Loans 

Program Account. 

9/ FY 2011 Actual includes the transfer of $18 million to Diplomatic and Consular Programs. 

10/ FY 2011 Actual includes $127,134 transferred from Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service. 

11/ FY 2011 Actual includes $670,000 transferred from Diplomatic and Consular Programs. 

12/ Reflects scoring of obligations from the International Chancery Center Trust Fund, as included in the FY 2013 President’s Budget Appendix. 

Proposed appropriations language for this project is based on the Diplomatic and Consular Programs fees and payments provisions of Division I, 

Title I of Public Law 112-74. 

13/ FY 2011 Actual, FY 2012 Estimate and FY 2013 Request includes mandatory funding for both the Department of State and the United States 

Agency for International Development. 

14/ FY 2012 Estimate levels do not include funds appropriated to certain accounts under the Overseas Contingency Operations title, including 

Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance ($33 million), Conflict Stabilization Operations ($8.5 million), Office of the Inspector General 

($3.3 million), Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs ($15.6 million), and Contributions to International Organizations ($101.3 

million). With the exception of OIG, full funding for these accounts in FY 2013 is requested in the base request. 

21
 

 

Diplomatic and Consular Programs 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Diplomatic and Consular Programs 8,717,065 10,918,195 11,380,364 462,169 

Enduring 8,717,065 6,529,131 7,068,619 539,488 

Ongoing Operations1 7,220,009 5,174,131 5,640,151 466,020 

Worldwide Security Protection2 1,497,056 1,355,000 1,428,468 73,468 

Overseas Contingency Operations3 - 4,389,064 4,311,745 -77,319 

Ongoing Operations - 4,152,863 3,590,218 -562,645 

Worldwide Security Protection - 236,201 721,527 485,326 

FY 2011 Actual does not include a $55 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Worldwide Security 

Protection. 

FY 2012 Estimate does not include a $5.7 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Ongoing Operations 

Worldwide and an $8 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Worldwide Security Protection 

1/ FY 2011 Actual reflects the following transfers: $18.0 million transferred from the Buying Power Maintenance Account; $356,100 transferred to 

Representation Allowances; $10.0 million transferred to Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service; $3.5 million transferred to Embassy 

Security, Construction, and Maintenance; $58.1 million transferred to other agencies for Afghanistan Operations; $750,000 transferred to 

Educational and Cultural Exchanges; and $670,000 transferred to the American Institute in Taiwan.. FY 2012 Estimate includes the transfer of 

$21.8 million from Diplomatic and Consular Programs to Conflict Stabilization Operations. 

2/ FY 2011 Actual reflects net transfers of $56,213 of which $749,213 was transferred from USAID Office of Civilian Response, and $693,000 

transferred to Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance. 

3/ Details of the FY 2013 OCO Request are addressed in the OCO chapter. 

The FY 2013 enduring budget request for Diplomatic and Consular Programs (D&CP) – the State 

Department’s principal operating appropriation – totals $7.1 billion. The request provides core funding for 

the people, infrastructure, and programs necessary to conduct official U.S. relations with foreign 

governments and international organizations, as well as to provide services to American citizens, support 

U.S. businesses, and reach foreign audiences through public diplomacy. The funding enables the 

Department to fulfill its mandates as a national security institution and engage other nations worldwide to 

advance American interests and values. 

D&CP - Ongoing Operations 

The D&CP request provides $5.6 billion for Ongoing Operations. This funding supports essential 

diplomatic and consular personnel and programs worldwide. It also supports the infrastructure for U.S. 

Government agencies and employees at more than 270 diplomatic posts in over 180 countries around the 

globe. Of the requested increases over the 2012 Estimate level, $118.1 million will maintain current 

services while $347.9 million will fund program changes. 

The current services request preserves D&CP-funded bureaus and programs at their prior year operating 

level, supports the transition into newly-constructed overseas facilities, and reflects efficiency savings 

adjustments in support of the President’s message on fiscal discipline and spending restraint. The 

Administration is pursuing an aggressive government-wide effort to find efficiencies in administrative 

spending. In FY 2013, all agencies will participate in the Accountable Government Initiative to reduce 

22
 

 

 

 

 

these expenses. In accordance with this initiative, the efficiency savings adjustments assume reductions to 

advisory contracts, travel of people and things, printing, and supplies. 

Requested program changes continue a number of the Secretary’s priority initiatives and targeted support 

for domestic and overseas operations. The “Diplomacy 3.0” initiative is continued with funding for 121 

new State Department positions, including 82 Foreign Service positions and 39 Civil Service positions. 

This growth will focus resources on the highest priority countries and programs, and is coupled with 

implementation of diplomatic reforms outlined in the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review 

(QDDR). It also supports the Bureau of Energy Resources and elevates the Office of the Coordinator for 

Counterterrorism to a Bureau status, both of which are QDDR initiatives. Other personnel-related increases 

include the annualized costs for Phase II of Overseas Comparability Pay, anticipated separation liabilities 

for the Department’s Locally Engaged Staff, and a realignment of funding for consular positions from the 

D&CP appropriation to consular fee revenue. 

The request includes funding for the State Department’s enduring engagement in the Frontline States of 

Iraq, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. Increases over FY 2012 are primarily to restore the funding to the FY 

2012 President’s Request level for enduring activities which are funded in FY 2012 through prior year 

carryover. 

The request includes a total of $507.4 million for public diplomacy to further U.S. foreign policy goals by 

informing and influencing foreign opinion. Public diplomacy efforts include countering misinformation 

about U.S. society and policies, strengthening relationships between Americans and foreign publics, and 

shaping worldwide information campaigns on issues such as climate change, food security, water, and 

global health. 

D&CP - Category Descriptions 

Human Resources: $2,469.1 million 

These resources will support American Salaries for overseas and domestic positions, the Human Resources 

Bureau, the Foreign Service Institute, continuation of the Diplomacy 3.0 staffing initiative, and the final 

increment of Overseas Comparability Pay. American salary costs for Public Diplomacy and Worldwide 

Security Protection are included in this category. 

Overseas Program: $2,270.2 million 

These resources support the Department global diplomatic operations and public diplomacy programs, 

including the following bureaus and offices: African Affairs, East Asian and Pacific Affairs, European and 

Eurasian Affairs, International Organizations Affairs, Office of the Medical Director, Near Eastern Affairs, 

South and Central Asian Affairs, and Western Hemisphere Affairs; as well as related costs for 

post-assignment travel and local staff separation liabilities. This category includes $376.6 million for 

Public Diplomacy programs and operations. 

Diplomatic Policy and Support: $864.6 million 

These resources support the Department’s central policy and management functions, including the 

following bureaus and offices: Office of the Secretary; Consular Affairs; Democracy, Human Rights, and 

Labor; Political-Military Affairs; International Security and Nonproliferation; Public Affairs; Office to 

Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons; Legislative Affairs; Chief of Protocol; the Under-Secretary for 

Management; Resource Management; Administration; Information Resource Management; Oceans and 

International Environmental and Scientific Affairs; Office of Population & International Migration; Arms 

Control, Verification and Compliance; Economic and Business Affairs; Energy Resources; Intelligence and 

Research; and the Office of the Legal Adviser. 

23
 

 

Security Programs: $1,464.7 million 

These resources provide for the Department’s security programs and policies, including the Bureau of 

Diplomatic Security, the Bureau of Counterterrorism, and the Office of Foreign Missions. Request provides 

$1.43 billion for Worldwide Security Protection (WSP) to help ensure the security of diplomatic and 

consular personnel, property, and information. WSP funding supports ongoing core functions such as the 

worldwide local guard program, high threat protection needs, security technology, armored vehicles, cyber 

security, and diplomatic couriers. The funding will address security challenges in dangerous places where 

diplomatic operations on the ground may be most urgently needed. Included in this category is funding for 

the following: 

	 Strengthen Training: During FY 2013, the Bureau of Diplomatic Security (DS) will continue 

efforts to give personnel the high-quality, relevant training they need today for mission success. A 

priority for the Bureau is to increase the number of DS Special Agents participating in the High 

Threat Tactical Course (HTTC) in order to facilitate U.S. engagement in critical threat locations 

where the continued conduct of foreign policy objectives is in national security interests. As 

U.S. diplomatic efforts in critical threat locations expand, increased security training ensures all U. 

S. Government employees are prepared to work safely in these areas. 

	 Effective and Efficient Risk-Based Security: DS is challenged more now than ever to provide 

security in environments where threats are increasing and implement the most cost-effective 

solutions within its current budget constraints. DS will assess its collective resources to formalize 

and house individual security programs developed to address the ever-changing threat. DS will 

make a concerted effort to call on the skills of its partner agencies in the design and implementation 

of joint security efforts. 

	 Bolster Cyber Security: Cyber security has become an increasingly important component of 

diplomacy. During FY 2013, DS will continue to monitor network traffic, detect, and respond to 

cyber security incidents, as well as to ensure security compliance within the Department. 

	 Threat Investigations and Analysis: DS directs, coordinates, and conducts intelligence collection 

and analysis involving terrorist threats and/or hostile activities directed against all 

U.S. Government personnel, facilities, and interest abroad under the authority of the chief of 

mission. The DS Command Center provides the 24/7 support for all after-hours calls from DS 

field offices, regional security offices, security engineering offices and monitors after-hour police 

liaison issues for DS. 

	 Countermeasures: Mitigating or defeating threats to personnel, information, facilities, and other 

U.S. interests requires DS to have accurate, actionable intelligence and a wide range of 

countermeasures. DS leverages the latest countermeasures for use in facilities around the world 

that protect against a wide range of security threats. 

	 Domestic Operations: DS manages a full spectrum of criminal and special investigative resources 

to include violations of laws regarding U.S. passports and visas, defensive counterintelligence 

programs, and interagency liaison functions in the areas of law enforcement and 

counterintelligence. DS manages the protective security support programs for over 100 

Department sites, including numerous annexes in the greater Washington area, as well as passport 

and Office of Foreign Missions offices throughout the United States. 

24
 

 

 

 

 

	 International Programs: The Department uses private security contractors (PSCs) to help meet 

the extraordinary security requirements in critical threat and non-permissive environments. As 

U.S. diplomacy increasingly pursues operations at greater distance from capital cities in all regions 

and traditional embassy platforms, DS is, and will continue to be, charged with providing security 

support. 

	 Security Infrastructure: DS maintains the ability to proactively monitor the Department’s 

networks with one of the most rigorous network security programs in the Federal Government. 

The Department must maintain compliance with stringent requirements mandated by the 

Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act (2004; IRTPA). It monitors network traffic, 

detects and responds to cyber security incidents, and scans for security compliance and known 

vulnerabilities. 

Resource Detail – Funding Categories for D&CP 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Total, Diplomatic and Consular Programs1, 2 

8,717,065 6,529,131 7,068,619 539,488 

Human Resources 2,440,141 2,397,943 2,469,095 71,152 

American Salaries, Central Account 2,237,805 2,216,659 2,246,445 29,786 

Public Diplomacy American Salaries (non-add) 153,611 130,178 130,874 696 

Iraq Operations American Salaries (non-add) 350 350 357 7 

WSP Current Services - American Salaries 

(non-add) 

226,623 216,963 218,110 1,147 

Human Resources 107,814 99,988 100,252 264 

Foreign Service Institute 94,522 81,296 82,811 1,515 

Human Resources Initiative - Hiring Surge - - 10,398 10,398 

Foreign Service Comparability Pay - - 29,189 29,189 

Overseas Programs 3,087,226 2,040,827 2,270,168 229,341 

African Affairs 228,465 207,346 222,006 14,660 

East Asian and Pacific Affairs 198,895 189,831 197,033 7,202 

European and Eurasian Affairs 417,519 386,550 404,836 18,286 

Near Eastern Affairs 746,427 340,736 405,662 64,926

 Iraq Operations (non-add) 604,771 223,466 284,118 60,652 

South and Central Asian Affairs 583,308 129,122 134,684 5,562 

Western Hemisphere Affairs 190,187 176,543 185,662 9,119 

International Organizations Affairs/International 

Conferences 

96,101 33,108 50,615 17,507 

25
 

 

 

 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Public Diplomacy 370,852 339,208 376,551 37,343 

Ambassador's Fund for Cultural Preservation 5,750 5,750 5,750 -

Travel, medical and telecommunications 249,722 232,633 287,369 54,736 

Post Assignment Travel 171,049 199,065 202,556 3,491 

Office of the Medical Director 18,359 24,845 25,090 245 

FSN Separation Liability Trust Revolving Fund 60,314 8,723 59,723 51,000 

Diplomatic Policy and Support 876,881 820,758 864,611 43,853 

Office of the Secretary 52,719 44,742 46,746 2,004 

Consular Affairs (excluding Border Security 

Programs) 

329 17,789 17,477 -312 

Democracy, Human Rights and Labor 6,263 7,081 7,143 62 

Political-Military Affairs 9,999 9,622 9,701 79 

International Security and Nonproliferation 17,416 17,130 17,224 94 

Public Affairs 12,237 12,516 12,642 126 

Trafficking in Persons 2,352 2,254 2,266 12 

Legislative Affairs 2,543 2,485 2,514 29 

Chief of the Protocol 3,058 2,813 2,849 36 

Office of the Under Secretary for Management 4,622 4,448 4,497 49 

Resource Management 94,437 78,849 80,042 1,193 

Administration (including GSA Rent) 391,023 349,317 377,065 27,748

 GSA Rent (non-add) 175,962 183,463 187,042 3,579 

Information Resource Management 213,711 206,221 211,699 5,478 

Other Offices 66,172 65,491 72,746 7,255 

Oceans and International Environmental and 

Scientific Affairs 

14,043 13,240 13,388 148 

Office of Population and International Migration 547 661 678 17 

Arms Control, Verification and Compliance 16,426 14,566 14,666 100 

Economic and Business Affairs 9,008 7,596 8,143 547 

Energy Resources - 4,331 6,886 2,555 

Intelligence and Research 12,164 11,724 15,469 3,745 

Office of the Legal Advisor 13,984 13,373 13,516 143 

26
 

 

 

 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Security Programs 2,312,817 1,269,603 1,464,745 195,142 

Worldwide Security Protection 1,270,433 1,138,037 1,210,358 72,321 

WSP Current Services - Bureau Managed 

(non-add) 

1,206,078 1,138,037 1,180,380 42,343

 WSP Program Changes (non-add) 64,355 - 29,978 29,978 

Diplomatic Security 1,035,088 117,308 239,221 121,913

 Iraq Operations (non-add) 918,588 5,231 121,820 116,589 

Counterterrorism and Office of Foreign Missions 7,296 14,258 15,166 908 

Counterterrorism 3,207 10,321 11,191 870 

Office of Foreign Missions 4,089 3,937 3,975 38 

FY 2011 Actual does not include a $55 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Worldwide Security 

Protection. 

FY 2012 Estimate does not include a $5.7 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Ongoing Operations 

Worldwide and an $8 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Worldwide Security Protection. 

1/ FY 2011 Actual reflects the following transfers: $18.0 million transferred from the Buying Power Maintenance Account; $356,100 transferred to 

Representation Allowances; $10.0 million transferred to Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service; $3.5 million transferred to Embassy 

Security, Construction, and Maintenance; $58.1 million transferred to other agencies for Afghanistan Operations; $750,000 transferred to 

Educational and Cultural Exchanges; and $670,000 transferred to the American Institute in Taiwan. FY 2012 Estimate includes the transfer of $21.8 

million from Diplomatic and Consular Programs to Conflict Stabilization Operations. 

2/FY 2011 Actual reflects net transfers of $56,213 of which $749,213 was transferred from USAID Office of Civilian Response, and $693,000 

transferred to Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance. 

27
Resource Detail – Highlights of Budget Changes for D&CP 

($ in thousands) 

D&CP 

Ongoing 

Operations 

Worldwide 

Security 

Protection 

D&CP Total 

FY 2012 Estimate1 5,174,131 1,355,000 6,529,131 

Built-in Changes 

Base Adjustments (4,725) (3,332) (8,057) 

Administrative Savings (16,387) (3,332) (19,719) 

Facility Operating Costs 11,662 0 11,662 

Anticipated FY 2013 Wage & Price Requirements 122,814 46,822 169,636 

American COLA 14,677 1,522 16,199 

Locally-Engaged Staff Wage Increases 57,325 27,882 85,207 

Overseas Inflation 29,857 14,477 44,334 

Domestic Inflation 17,376 2,276 19,652 

GSA Rents 3,579 665 4,244 

Total, Built-in Changes 118,089 43,490 161,579 

Total, Current Services 5,292,220 1,398,490 6,690,710 

Program Changes 

Human Resources 96,083 0 96,083 

Overseas Programs 102,462 0 102,462 

Diplomatic Policy and Support 32,725 0 32,725 

Security Programs 116,661 29,978 146,639 

Total, Program Changes 347,931 29,978 377,909 

Total, FY 2013 Request 5,640,151 1,428,468 7,068,619 

FY 2012 Estimate does not include a $5.7 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Ongoing Operations 

Worldwide and an $8 million unobligated balance rescission to Diplomatic and Consular Programs, Worldwide Security Protection. 

1/ FY 2012 Estimate includes the transfer of $21.8 million from Diplomatic and Consular Programs to Conflict Stabilization Operations. 

28
 

Capital Investment Fund 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Capital Investment Fund 59,380 59,380 83,300 23,920 

The FY 2013 request for the Capital Investment Fund (CIF) provides $83.3 million to continue making 

essential investments enabling the conduct of modern business practices in Information Technology (IT) as 

it relates to foreign affairs. All State Department programs depend on IT, from simple e-mail to 

specialized systems. 

IT investments in FY 2013 will improve the Department’s efficiency, customer service, and IT security. 

CIF funding will support modernized critical administrative and financial management systems, with 

increased access to information for personnel overseas and in Washington. 

Combined with Expedited Passport Fees collected by the Department, CIF funding will provide a total of 

$239.3 million in the IT Central Fund for priority IT investments and modernization activities. 

The Department plans to execute the following FY 2013 priority investments in support of the IT Strategic 

Plan: 

	 Implement initial phase of cloud computing, providing a full range of infrastructure, software, and 

data services via the cloud to internal and external customers. This will include continued 

investment in the Enterprise Server Operations Centers (ESOCs) to provide virtualized platform 

services and initial implementation of a redesigned network. 

	 Establish the initial version of the Foreign Affairs Network (FAN), extending the cloud services to 

other Federal agencies operating overseas. 

	 Expand use of mobile technology, including support for secure mobile computing and 

communication.
 

	 Continue to invest in modernization of major functional systems such as logistics, financial 

management, and human resource management, enabling these systems to take advantage of cloud 

computing services and providing centralized and standardized application services domestically 

and overseas. 

	 Implement standard processes for systems integration using Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) 

technology and other appropriate approaches. 

	 Continued investment in global training for IT specialists and end users, focusing on use of distance 

learning, online courses, and knowledge sharing. 

29
IT Central Funds by Goal 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Goal One: Digital Diplomacy 99,607 91,238 83,935 -7,303 

Integrated Logistics Management System (ILMS) 19,438 20,000 20,000 -

Joint Financial Management System (JFMS) 9,000 10,316 7,088 -3,228 

Integrated Personnel Management System (IPMS) 5,586 5,932 5,891 -41 

Global Foreign Affairs Compensation System 

(GFACS) 

19,000 17,757 18,962 1,205 

Support for Legacy Compensation System 6,500 6,630 6,630 -

Enterprise Data Warehouse 5,600 5,600 3,100 -2,500 

Main State Messaging Center 15,166 11,354 9,500 -1,854 

Department of State SharePoint Services - 2,943 1,943 -1,000 

Travel Manager Program 2,640 4,500 4,900 400 

Goal One Other 16,677 6,206 5,921 -285 

Goal Two: Cloud Computing 143,585 113,959 139,504 25,545 

Foreign Affairs Network (FAN) 3,000 6,840 9,000 2,160 

Enterprise Server Operations Center 16,640 11,304 21,000 9,696 

Mobile Computing 3,310 3,400 3,400 -

Global IT Modernization 77,299 60,450 62,487 2,037 

Enterprise Software - Licensing and Maintenance 26,780 26,905 29,904 2,999 

Post Telephones 3,500 3,570 3,300 -270 

Goal Two Other 13,056 1,490 10,413 8,923 

Goal Three: IT Leadership 11,188 12,324 15,861 3,537 

FSI Corporate Systems - STMS - - 3,400 3,400 

FSI Instructional Support (SAIT) 3,772 4,526 4,200 -326 

FSI Learning Infrastructure 3,015 3,500 3,100 -400 

Goal Three Other 4,401 4,298 5,161 863 

Total IT Central Fund 254,380 217,521 239,300 21,779 

30
 

Resource Detail – IT Central Fund 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease

 Capital Investment Fund 59,380 59,380 83,300 23,920

 Expedited Passport Fees 195,000 158,141 156,000 (2,141) 

Total IT Central Fund 254,380 217,521 239,300 21,779 

31
 

Border Security Program 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Border Security Program 1,657,923 2,240,982 2,277,897 36,915 

The FY 2013 request provides $2.3 billion for the Border Security Program (BSP). The BSP helps protect 

and assist American citizens abroad and strengthens the security of U.S. borders by preventing the entry of 

terrorists or others intending to engage in criminal activity in the United States. 

The BSP uses revenue from consular fees and surcharges to fund most consular programs and activities. 

These fees include: Machine Readable Visa fees; Western Hemisphere Travel Surcharges; Passport 

Security Surcharge; Immigrant Visa Security Surcharge; Diversity Immigrant Visa Security Surcharge; and 

H-1B and L Fraud Prevention and Detection Fees. 

The FY 2013 request provides funding for costs associated with the provision of consular services, 

including overseas citizen services, consular facility costs, and investigative resources to support the Visa 

and Passport Security Strategy. The below summarizes the major activities of the Border Security 

Program. 

Consular Systems Installation and Operations: $61,800,000 

This activity supports worldwide consular information systems operations and maintenance, new hardware, 

software and training. In FY 2013, CA will deploy a new consular framework software suite. Funding 

will be used for installation and training as well as updates to existing applications. The $28 million 

increase over FY 2012 supports expanded equipment requirements, additional training for the new consular 

framework and a shift of costs from the Passport Systems initiative to this line item as part of the IT 

business process realignments in the Consular Systems Division. 

Consular Systems Modernization and Support: $206,668,000 

Border security imperatives require that CA continue to develop the most efficient and advanced systems 

possible to support both CA’s role in interagency data sharing and its commitment to sound citizenship and 

visa adjudication decisions and services. In FY 2013, continued emphasis will be placed on the 

development and rollout of the new consolidated Consular Framework that includes both visa and passport 

operations. The increase of funds primarily represents the development and testing costs of this enterprise 

framework of tools developed to replace legacy visa and passport systems in support of CA’s core lines of 

business. 

Automated Name Check Systems: CLASS: $14,110,000 

The Consular Lookout and Support Systems (CLASS) are now on-line to all consular operations overseas. 

In FY 2013, CA will continue to review and strengthen hardware and software platforms, enhance user 

training, provide telecommunications and technical development resources, and continue management 

planning regarding name check processing within CA. 

Machine Readable Visa (MRV) Support Costs: $297,216,000 

MRV support costs include the fees paid to banks worldwide to collect the MRV fee from applicants; the 

salaries paid to staff established in response to changes in MRV workload and security procedures; and the 

salaries, benefits and equipment for consular agents. In addition to MRV supports costs, this request 

continues funding for the Global Support Services (GSS). The estimated cost of GSS in FY 2013 is $202 

32
 

 

 

million. The increase of funding in FY 2013 represents the costs of extending GSS services to additional 

posts and the out-year costs for option year renewals of GSS services. 

Public Information Support: $35,500,000 

This program activity supports two contractor-operated call centers, internet websites and Web 2.0 tools 

used primarily for social media and traditional on-site outreach to provide the public with the most 

responsive information available in the most cost-effective manner. 

Document Integrity, Training and Anti-Fraud Programs: $31,868,000 

CA continues to emphasize enhanced U.S. border protection and security through its fraud prevention 

work. Funding will continue to support passport and visa fraud prevention and expanded H-1B and L visa 

fraud detection efforts. Funds will also provide for information sharing, publications, coordination with 

other offices and agencies, and training and operational support for consular sections abroad, passport 

agencies and visa facilities to ensure that overseas consular officers and domestic passport agency 

employees have the tools and skills needed to uncover and combat fraud. 

Foreign Service Institute – Consular Training: $7,291,000 

The Foreign Service Institute provides consular training in domestic and overseas classes, conferences, 

on-line courses and workshops. Funding also covers the administrative support related to conducting 

these classes. 

Passport Operations: $202,255,000 

Passport Services goals are to provide accurate and secure U.S. passport documents, respond effectively to 

the needs of U.S. passport customers, and strengthen management and delivery capabilities. This request 

will allow Passport Services to meet projected demand, improve techniques for verifying passport applicant 

data, streamline processing of courier submitted applications, centralize scanning of passport records; and 

make passport facilities more efficient and secure. 

Passport Facilities: $21,805,000 

Funds will be used to maintain the infrastructure of the new ARRA facilities, support existing passport 

agencies located nationwide and headquarters space located in Washington, DC. Funds also support the 

two Book Personalization Facilities in Hot Springs, Arkansas and Tucson, Arizona. 

Passport Systems: $14,000,000 

Funds for this activity support ongoing operations. This initiative is necessary to maintain and operate the 

passport issuance systems. CA will reduce its costs for this initiative as the New Consular framework is 

initiated. 

Visa Processing: $49,043,000 

The Visa Office (VO) is the Department’s central authority on the visa function and is the Department’s 

link to other entities, governmental and non-governmental, involved or interested in visa and immigration 

matters. Requested funding will support on-going operations at the National Visa Center (NVC), the 

Kentucky Consular Center (KCC) and the visa office headquarters operations in Washington, DC. 

American Citizen Services: $7,803,000 

The safety and welfare of American citizens abroad, particularly in times of crisis, is one of the 

Department’s core duties. Funds will allow CA to meet its protection responsibilities. 

Consular Facilities Overseas: $60,000,000 

The Bureau of Consular affairs is addressing increased visa demand in China and Brazil through the 

expansion of the consular facilities overseas. The Department has planned facility improvements 

throughout China and Brazil in FY 2012 and FY 2013. Funding in FY 2013 supports the continued 

33
 

expansion of consular facilities in Brazil and China specifically, Shanghai, Wuhan, Belo Horizonte and 

Porto Alegre. Funds requested under this initiative represent one-time start-up costs for overseas facility 

improvements. 

Bureau of Administration (A) – Facilities Management: $48,803,000 

The FY 2013 request provides funding for facilities maintenance, custodial services and utilities at the 

National Visa and National Passport Centers in New Hampshire, the KCC, and the Charleston Passport 

Center in South Carolina. Additionally, these funds support General Services Administration rent for all 

consular domestic facilities and include lease and security costs for the CA Consolidation. 

Bureau of Diplomatic Security (DS): $23,403,000 

DS hires and assigns uniformed protection officers to guard all domestic CA facilities using funding 

provided through the BSP. DS’s Passport and Visa Fraud Branch investigates and coordinates fraudulent 

issuance, acquisition and use of U.S passports and international visa fraud cases including fraudulent 

issuance, procurement, counterfeiting and forgery of U.S. visas. 

Technology Backbone Support (IRM): $10,000,000 

The Bureau of Information Resource Management (IRM) will use these funds to provide technical support 

for CA systems. IRM will continue to handle CLASS technology enhancement requirements supporting 

CA’s adjudication of passport and visa applications. 

Border Security Staff: American Salaries: $434,211,000 

Human resources are a critical component of the BSP and are vital to providing quality services to 

Americans and foreign visa applicants. In FY 2013, the Department plans to increase staff by an 

additional 20 overseas consular officer positions to support consular workload. The request also reflects a 

shift of 147 U.S. direct hire consular positions and related support for ICASS from D&CP appropriations, 

including a shift of 17 consular positions previously funded with the D&CP appropriation. 

Border Security Support: $752,121,000 

This activity covers programmatic expenses of the BSP. These expenses include consumables and 

supplies for visa and passport programs, i.e., passport books and card stock as well as visa foils and visa 

card stock. Funds are also used to pay the start-up and recurring expenses associated with overseas 

consular positions, including International Cooperative Administrative Support Services (ICASS) costs. 

The FY 2013 Request includes funding for 45 new Limited Non-Career Appointment (LNA) positions. The 

45 new LNA positions requested in FY 2013 are for posts in Brazil (8) and China (9) with the remaining 

positions assigned to posts with the greatest visa demand. 

FBI Fingerprint Checks Reimbursement: $160,000,000 

The FY 2013 Request includes funding for the Department to reimburse the Federal Bureau of 

Investigation (FBI) for Advanced Fingerprint Identification Technology (AFIT) clearances of fingerprints. 

34
Resource Detail – BSP Fees 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Machine Readable Visa (MRV) Fee1 

1,111,593 1,260,000 1,316,000 56,000 

Western Hemisphere Travel Surcharge 262,986 276,381 304,675 28,294 

Enhanced Border Security Program Fees 514,346 499,620 544,990 45,370 

Passport Security Surcharge 440,950 439,000 484,000 45,000 

Immigrant Visa Security Surcharge 52,730 42,920 43,290 370 

Diversity Fee 20,666 17,700 17,700 -

Fraud Prevention Fee 46,042 40,000 40,000 -

Total Border Security Program Expenses 1,934,967 2,076,001 2,205,665 129,664 

1/ FY 2011 Actual includes the transfer of $10 million from Diplomatic and Consular Programs (Consular Affairs Border Security Machine 

Readable Visa (MRV) fees). 

35
 

 

Working Capital Fund 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Working Capital Fund 844,187 1,169,078 1,292,977 123,899 

The Working Capital Fund does not receive direct appropriations. Revenues are generated in the Working 

Capital Fund (WCF) from goods and services provided to appropriated fund accounts of the Department 

and other federal agencies. The revenue collected from these “customers” is used to pay for the acquisition 

of resources needed to ensure the continuous operation of the various Working Capital Fund activities. 

Further, in exchange for goods and services, resources from the initial/additional investment are expended 

and subsequently are reimbursed from funded customer orders. The economies of scale achieved through 

WCF activities are a significant advantage in controlling costs, avoiding duplication, and achieving service 

standards. 

The WCF FY 2013 increase is primarily due to the inclusion of Afghanistan under the Aviation WCF. The 

WCF allows the use of business practices to improve operations, provide support, and reduce costs in 

accordance with government rules, regulations, and laws. The offices that operate WCF cost centers do 

not have the same latitude as commercial businesses, but they act similar to businesses because they charge 

customers for services and use revenue to fund their activities. The economies of scale achieved through 

WCF operations result in significant savings to the Department. The Working Capital Fund operates 

under the legal authority of 22 U.S.C. 2684. 

36
 

 

 

Embassy Security, Construction and Maintenance 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Embassy Security, Construction and Maintenance 1,630,953 1,570,000 1,637,724 67,724 

Enduring 1,630,953 1,537,000 1,637,724 100,724 

Ongoing Operations1 837,543 762,000 948,925 186,925 

Worldwide Security Upgrades 793,410 775,000 688,799 -86,201 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 33,000 - -33,000 

Ongoing Operations - 33,000 - -33,000 

1/ FY 2011 Actual includes the transfer of $3.5 million from Diplomatic and Consular Programs for American Centers; a $10 million transfer from 

Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service, and a $693,000 transfer from Worldwide Security Protection. 

The Bureau of Overseas Buildings Operations (OBO), funded through the Embassy Security, Construction, 

and Maintenance (ESCM) appropriation, is responsible for providing U.S. Diplomatic and Consular 

missions overseas with secure, safe, and functional facilities to assist them in achieving the foreign policy 

objectives of the United States. 

The mission of OBO is to provide U.S. diplomatic and consular missions with secure, safe, and functional 

facilities to assist them in achieving U.S. foreign policy objectives. To achieve this mission, OBO is 

focused on four priority goals that advance diplomatic readiness and are aligned with the Department’s 

strategic goals. These goals are: 

	 Capital Security Construction: Award capital security construction projects which have been 

listed in the Department’s Long-Range Plan (LRP) after consultation with other agencies, and 

complete the construction on-time and within budget. The program will provide NECs that are 

secure, safe, and functional for U.S. Government employees to pursue the national interests of the 

United States. 

	 Compound and Physical Security: Provide physical security and compound security upgrades to 

Department overseas facilities to protect employees from terrorist and other security threats. This 

also includes security upgrades for soft targets such as schools, recreational facilities, and 

residences. 

	 Maintenance of Assets: Maintain, repair, and rehabilitate overseas diplomatic and consular 

facilities in an effective manner that enhances the quality of life of employees while allowing them 

to perform their duties in secure, safe, and functional facilities. 

	 Asset Management: Acquire, dispose of, and manage the Department’s overseas real property in a 

professional manner that meets Department needs; is performed on terms favorable to the 

U.S. Government; and is defensible to the Office of Management and Budget, the Congress, and 

the American public, serving as the Department of State’s overseas property manager. 

The FY 2013 request for Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance (ESCM) totals $1.64 billion. 

The request reflects the State Department’s commitment to provide U.S. diplomatic and consular posts 

overseas with secure, safe, and functional facilities to assist them in achieving foreign policy goals. 

37
 

The ESCM request provides $688.8 million for Worldwide Security Upgrades (WSU). Of the total, 

$439.1 million in funding will extend the multi-year Capital Security Construction program to replace 

facilities in the most vulnerable locations. When combined with Capital Security Cost Sharing (CSCS) 

contributions from other agencies and other reimbursements, the request will provide a total of $730.0 

million for New Embassy Compound (NEC) construction in N’Djamena, Chad; Paramaribo, Suriname; and 

The Hague, Netherlands; as well as site acquisitions for future projects. WSU funding of $88 million will 

also continue to upgrade security for compounds at high risk and soft targets, such as schools and recreation 

facilities. 

The Maintenance Cost Sharing (MCS) program will address facility needs at posts that will not receive a 

NEC in the near future. The $162.0 million provided under the MCS initiative is to extend the useful life 

of existing infrastructure and protect the U.S. long-term investment in new facilities. This request will be 

combined with $108.0 million from other agencies, for a total of $270.0 million. 

The ESCM request further provides $948.9 million for Ongoing Operations. The funding will support real 

property management, including administration of leaseholds, and other vital ongoing activities. These 

activities include repair and construction, program development and support, construction and security 

management, and maintenance and renovation of the Department’s facilities at locations in the 

United States. 

38
 

 

 

Conflict Stabilization Operations 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate1 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Conflict Stabilization Operations 35,197 30,316 56,500 26,184 

Enduring 35,197 21,816 56,500 34,684 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 8,500 - -8,500 

1/ FY 2012 estimate includes the transfer of $21.8 million from Diplomatic and Consular Programs to Conflict Stabilization Operations. 

The FY 2013 request provides $56.5 million for Conflict Stabilization Operations (formerly known as 

Civilian Stabilization Initiative). Funding for this appropriation will enable the Department to continue to 

build a civilian capability to prevent and respond to 21st century crises and conflicts. 

As noted in the QDDR, internal violent conflict, weak or failed governance, and humanitarian emergencies 

in numerous states around the world have become a central security challenge for the United States. 

Accordingly, the Department will embrace stabilization and conflict prevention as central national security 

objectives and as a core Department mission. The Department will likewise address the promotion of 

sustainable, responsible, and effective security and governance in fragile states and in the aftermath of 

conflict. 

An effective and deployable civilian capability requires resources for tools and training, deploying the right 

personnel, and changing ways of doing business both in Washington and in the field. Particularly in times 

of severe fiscal restraint, such a commitment of resources is wise: funding civilian capacity today may 

result in averting much costlier military or humanitarian interventions down the road. An effective 

example was the prevention of the re-emergence of violent conflict in South Sudan leading up to, during, 

and following the referendum on self-determination. 

The funding will provide resources necessary to carry out critical activities and mission requirements. 

FY 2013 reflects a transformative year for the Bureau of Conflict Stabilization Operations (CSO) and its 

program activities, the first full fiscal year of its reorganization. CSO as an organization is designed to 

provide expertise and the needed support in the field. The majority of Bureau employees can expect to be 

deployed to the field periodically. Moreover, the skill sets contained in the interagency Civilian Response 

Corps (CRC) are being focused toward conflict prevention and response and away from post-conflict 

reconstruction, requiring more emphasis on key conflict and political skills and less on specialized technical 

expertise. In order to have a more agile, flexible and cost effective response corps, and the CRC 

component of CSO will be reduced by 76 members from the FY 2012 level of 144, offset by enhancing the 

deployable capacity of CSO’s remaining core staff. 

This restructuring was designed to make the Bureau more agile and expeditionary, with greater emphasis on 

creating flexible response capacity with smaller staff. This will produce greater deployment capacity, but 

with significantly less overhead. Response capabilities represented by CSO and the interagency Civilian 

Response Corps (CRC) can be augmented – as needed – with experts mobilized and paid only when 

deployed on specific missions. 

The FY 2013 funding will support deployments up to 80 responders each month. It will also provide 

operations support and essential training for personnel who participate in overseas deployments. 

Furthermore, the request will fund oversight, management, and operations of the CRC and headquarters 

policy and planning activities. 

39
Resource Detail – CSO Activities 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Partnership and Learning 8,905 4,005 7,138 3,133 

Policy and Programs 6,899 3,103 7,063 3,960 

CSO Headquarters 5,311 2,388 3,720 1,332 

Overseas Response Operations 14,082 12,320 38,579 26,259 

Total 35,197 21,816 56,500 34,684 

40
 

 

 

 

Office of Inspector General 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual1 

FY 2012 

Estimate2 

FY 2013 

Request3 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Office of Inspector General 104,790 129,086 115,523 -13,563 

Enduring 104,790 61,904 65,622 3,718 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 67,182 49,901 -17,281 

1/ FY 2011 Actual includes $57.4 million for DOS OIG, $25.5 million for the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR), 

and $22.0 million for the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction (SIGIR). 

2/ In FY 2012, funding for SIGAR and SIGIR are included in the Overseas Contingency Operations chapter. 

3/ In FY 2013, funding for SIGAR and SIGIR are included in the Overseas Contingency Operations chapter. 

OIG’s mandate encompasses all domestic and overseas activities, programs, and missions of the 

Department of State and the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG). OIG’s overarching goal for 2013 is 

to effect positive change by being a valued resource to the Department and BBG in promoting U.S. interests 

and sustained leadership, with specific emphasis on the following: 

	 Relevance: OIG work will be directed at Department and BBG priorities, including those 

identified in the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review (QDDR). OIG's work will 

emphasize critical, resource-intensive programs and operations in the frontline states; global issues; 

the effectiveness of foreign assistance programs; regional management activities and the use of 

new technologies and innovative approaches; priority posts and bureaus; and the Department’s 

coordination with other U.S. Government agencies. 

	 Value Added: OIG will recommend actions that correct identified vulnerabilities and result in 

savings, cost recoveries, funds put to better use, restitutions and fines, prevention of losses, and 

improved efficiencies and security. 

	 Usefulness: OIG products will assist decision makers in improving programs and making the most 

effective spending decisions in an environment of increasingly constrained financial resources. 

	 Timeliness: OIG will continually strive to reduce the time for completing its audits, inspections, 

and reviews by using appropriate technologies to start jobs sooner, finish them quicker, and 

disseminate the results broadly and rapidly. 

The FY 2013 request for the Office of Inspector General (OIG) provides a total of $65.6 million to support 

the activities of the Department of State Inspector General. These activities include audits, investigations, 

and inspections of worldwide operations and programs of the Department and the Broadcasting Board of 

Governors. Such activities assist in improving the economy, efficiency, and effectiveness of operations, as 

well as in detecting and preventing fraud, waste, and mismanagement. 

The appropriation will also provide support for the OIG’s Middle East Regional Office and the 

Department’s full contribution to the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency. 

For FY 2013, funding for the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR) is 

requested separately in Overseas Contingency Operations. 

41
 

 

 

 

Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual1 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs 599,500 598,800 586,957 -11,843 

Enduring 599,500 583,200 586,957 3,757 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 15,600 - -15,600 

1/ FY 2011 Actual includes $750,000 transferred from Diplomatic and Consular Programs. 

The FY 2013 request for Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs (ECE) provides $587.0 million for 

exchanges to promote mutual understanding between the people of the United States and other 

countries. Exchanges communicate U.S. values and develop future leaders at home and abroad with a 

global perspective and individual connections worldwide. People-to-people exchange programs are of 

strategic importance to America’s foreign and national security policy. Aligned with other public 

diplomacy efforts, these strategic programs build foundations of trust and prepare the next generation of 

leaders to work together on the shared challenges of the 21st century. In total, exchange programs involve 

almost 50,000 U.S. and foreign exchange participants in over 180 countries. 

The FY 2013 request does not include the unrequested Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) funding 

provided in the FY 2012 Estimate. The requested funding will continue to strengthen America’s global 

engagement through exchange programs of proven value and create new opportunities to engage, educate, 

and empower foreign and American participants. This request will preserve funding for foreign policy 

priorities laid out in the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review (QDDR). The mission for the 

21st century targets underserved populations, including religious and ethnic minorities, women and girls, 

people living in provincial areas, and the economically disadvantaged. The FY 2013 request will also 

support programs in the Frontline States. 

In line with these efforts, the FY 2013 request realigns some funding under the Special Academic and 

Professional and Cultural Exchanges. This realignment provides greater flexibility to meet the most 

important foreign policy objectives of the Department and the Administration and engaging priority 

audiences by focusing resources on the most successful and cost-effective exchange programs. 

The request also shifts $12 million from the Regional Graduate Fellowship Program to the Fulbright 

Program to continue support for the Fulbright foreign graduate students in all regions and includes $5 

million for Global University Innovation Fund to support a new model of multilateral university exchange 

and academic collaboration with key partners, emerging powers and countries in transition on topics of 

shared global importance. 

Academic programs include the Fulbright Scholarship Program, the Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowships for 

mid-career professionals from developing nations, and the Benjamin A. Gilman program for American 

undergraduates with financial need to study abroad. They further include English language teaching, the 

English Access Microscholarship Program for underserved populations, educational advising, U.S. studies 

exchanges, and foreign language study. 

Professional and cultural exchanges include the International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) and 

Citizen Exchanges. The IVLP reaches key influencers in all geographic regions, bringing emerging 

leaders to the United States to meet with their American counterparts and gain firsthand knowledge of 

U.S. society, culture, and politics. Citizen Exchanges unite an extensive network of organizations and 

experts in professional, youth, cultural, and sports programs. 

42
 

Resource Detail – ECE Activities 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Academic Programs 337,265 324,582 328,077 3,495 

Fulbright Program 238,480 230,430 250,717 20,287 

Students, Scholars, Teachers, Humphrey, 

Undergraduates 

238,480 230,430 250,717 20,287 

Global Academic Exchanges 56,730 55,482 58,021 2,539 

Educational Advising and Student Services 12,158 12,210 12,645 435 

English Language Programs 44,572 43,272 45,376 2,104 

Special Academic Exchanges 42,055 38,670 19,650 -19,020 

Regional Graduate Fellowships 20,500 18,570 - -18,570 

American Overseas Research Centers 4,500 4,000 3,000 -1,000 

South Pacific Exchanges 485 470 350 -120 

Timor Leste Exchanges 485 470 350 -120 

Mobility (Disability) Exchange Clearinghouse 485 470 450 -20 

Benjamin A. Gilman International Scholarship 

Program 

10,420 13,040 10,000 -3,040 

George Mitchell Fellowship Program 485 470 - -470 

University of Miami Hemispheric Program 485 470 - -470 

Tibet Fund 735 710 500 -210 

Global University Innovation Fund - - 5,000 5,000 

One-Time Special Grant Competition 3,475 - - -

Professional and Cultural Exchanges 197,631 193,964 192,566 -1,398 

International Visitor Leadership Program 90,650 90,650 90,941 291 

International Visitor Leadership Program 90,650 90,650 90,941 291 

Citizen Exchange Program 95,433 95,433 100,603 5,170 

Professional/Cultural/Youth 95,433 95,433 100,603 5,170 

Special Professional and Cultural Exchanges 11,548 7,881 1,022 -6,859 

One-Time Special Grant Competition 3,475 - - -

Congress-Bundestag Youth Exchange Program 3,992 3,992 - -3,992 

Mike Mansfield Fellowship Program 1,618 1,518 - -1,518 

Institute for Representative Government 422 422 - -422 

Irish Institute 867 867 - -867 

43
($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Youth Science Leadership Institute of the Americas 150 150 130 -20 

Ngwang Choephel Fellows (Tibet) 650 558 553 -5 

Pakistan Literacy Training 374 374 339 -35 

Program and Performance 5,054 5,054 5,854 800 

Evaluation 1,854 1,854 1,854 -

Alumni 3,200 3,200 4,000 800 

Exchanges Support 59,600 59,600 60,460 860 

Total 599,550 583,200 586,957 3,757 

44
 

 

Representation Allowances 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual1 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Representation Allowances 7,840 7,300 7,484 184 

1/ FY 2011 Actual includes $356,100 transferred from Diplomatic and Consular Programs. 

Representational functions convey U.S. foreign policy goals and objectives in both bilateral and 

multilateral fora. The Department is concentrating on representational activities that support 

U.S. positions on multilateral trade and economic development issues pending before the European Union 

(EU), the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 

(APEC), Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), Free Trade of the Americas (FTAA), African 

Growth and Opportunity Acts (AGOA) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). 

Representational functions include protocol events such as national holidays, installation or inauguration of 

national leaders, or visits of noted personages. Representation funds may also be used to establish or 

consolidate professional relationships with local government counterparts necessary to the performance of 

official duties. For the Foreign Service, the ability to engage partners in an informal setting is an 

invaluable opportunity to strengthen the U.S. position where interlocutors are not yet ready to be 

forthcoming in a more formal setting. 

The FY 2013 request of $7.5 million will reimburse diplomatic and consular personnel for official 

representation of the United States abroad and in international organizations. 

Protection of Foreign Missions and Officials 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Protection of Foreign Missions and Officials 27,994 27,000 28,200 1,200 

The FY 2013 request of $28.2 million will help provide extraordinary protection of international 

organizations and foreign missions and officials in the United States. Of the total, $23.7 million will be 

used to reimburse the New York Police Department and the surrounding areas with $4.5 million for the rest 

of the United States. 

45
Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual1 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service 19,353 9,300 9,500 200 

1/ FY 2011 Actual includes $10 million transferred from Diplomatic and Consular Programs and $127,134 transferred to Repatriation Loans 

Program Account. 

The FY 2013 request of $9.5 million will help meet unforeseen emergencies and other requirements in the 

conduct of foreign affairs. This appropriation funds emergency evacuations of American citizens and 

U.S. Government officials due to civil unrest, natural disasters, or health concerns, including viral 

epidemics. The appropriation also pays rewards for information related to international terrorism, 

narcotics trafficking, and certain war crimes tribunals. 

Buying Power Maintenance Account 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual1 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Buying Power Maintenance Account - - - -

1/ FY 2011 Actual includes the transfer of $18 million to Diplomatic and Consular Programs. 

The Buying Power Maintenance Account (BPMA) provides funding to offset adverse fluctuations in 

foreign currency exchange rates that would erode the State Department’s buying power overseas. The 

FY 2013 budget does not include a funding request for this account, as the Department will use existing 

BPMA balances and transfer authorities to manage exchange rate fluctuations in FY 2013. 

46
Repatriation Loans Program Account 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual1 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Repatriation Loans Program Account 1,574 1,447 1,800 353 

1/ FY 2011 Actual includes $127,134 transferred from Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service. 

The FY 2013 request of $1.8 million will provide emergency loans to assist Americans abroad who have no 

other source of funds to return to the United States. These include travelers who are without money 

because of theft, illness, or accident, as well as Americans abroad who are caught in disasters or civil unrest. 

Payment to the American Institute in Taiwan 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual1 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Payment to the American Institute in Taiwan 21,778 21,108 37,200 16,092 

1/ FY 2011 Actual includes $670,000 transferred from Diplomatic and Consular Programs 

The FY 2013 request of $37.2 million will fund the State Department’s payment to AIT to provide 

economic, commercial, and agricultural services, cultural and information programs, and travel documents 

and services for Americans and the people of Taiwan. Of this amount, $15.3 million is to replace lost visa 

revenue due to Taiwan’s expected entry into the Visa Waiver Program. 

47
Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund1 158,900 158,900 158,900 -

1/ FY 2011 Actual, FY 2012 Estimate and FY 2013 Request includes mandatory funding for both the Department of State and the United States 

Agency for International Development. 

This appropriation provides mandatory funding for the Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund 

(FSRDF). These resources help to finance any unfunded liability created by new or liberalized benefits, 

new groups of beneficiaries, and salary increases. 

The appropriation is one of several sources of income to the FSRDF, which is maintained also through 

contributions by employees, agency contributions, interest on investments, and voluntary contributions. 

The FY 2013 request for the FSRDF is $158.9 million. This amount includes estimated Foreign Service 

costs for the Department of $122.5 million and for the United States Agency for International Development 

of $36.4 million. 

48
 

Contributions to International Organizations 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Contributions to International Organizations 1,578,651 1,551,000 1,570,005 19,005 

Enduring 1,578,651 1,449,700 1,570,005 120,305 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 101,300 - -101,300 

The FY 2013 request for Contributions to International Organizations (CIO) is $1.57 billion. The 

requested funds will pay assessed contributions for U.S. membership in the United Nations (UN) and over 

40 other international organizations. For most of these organizations, the commitment to pay assessed 

contributions results from treaties and conventions that the United States has signed and ratified. 

For all but a few organizations included in the request, the United States contributes 25 percent or less of 

these organizations’ assessed budgets, with an assessment rate of 22 percent for the UN and most of the 

major specialized agencies in the UN system. 

Pursuing foreign policy objectives through international organizations enables the United States to leverage 

the financial contributions and expertise of other nations. By combining resources and offering 

opportunities for coordinated multilateral efforts, international organizations can be an effective alternative 

to acting unilaterally or bilaterally, especially in the areas of humanitarian assistance, eradicating disease, 

setting standards for food and transportation safety, and reaching agreement to impose sanctions on rogue 

states and actors. 

International organizations offer significant benefits to U.S. taxpayers. Nearly all U.S. federal agencies 

and countless U.S. businesses and citizens depend on international organizations to advance their 

objectives abroad. These objectives include reducing barriers to trade, improving border and port security, 

obtaining international patent and trademark protection, setting standards for aviation and maritime 

security, maintaining the world's telecommunications networks, harmonizing international law in the areas 

of child custody, child support, and international adoption, and disseminating information about the supply 

and demand of vital commodities such as cotton and coffee. 

Furthermore, international organizations provide opportunities for advancing U.S. national security by 

facilitating collective action to combat violent extremism, limit the spread of nuclear and chemical 

weapons, achieve balanced and sustainable economic growth, and forge cooperative solutions to the threats 

of armed conflict, hunger, poverty, disease, and climate change. 

The request includes funding to meet obligations of membership to organizations of which the United 

States is currently a member by treaty, convention, or other act of Congress. Obligation and expenditure of 

funds appropriated for such purposes is done consistent with applicable legal authorities and restrictions. 

49
 

 

Resource Detail – CIO 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

United Nations Regular Budget (UN) 516,352 568,759 567,931 -828 

United Nations Capital Master Plan (UN CMP) 75,535 75,535 - -75,535 

UN War Crimes Tribunal - Yugoslavia (UNICTY) 17,922 18,399 16,354 -2,045 

UN War Crimes Tribunal - Rwanda (UNICTR) 13,839 13,992 11,949 -2,043 

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 113,020 111,000 114,515 3,515 

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 106,174 108,848 111,105 2,257 

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 20,132 20,546 21,053 507 

International Labor Organization (ILO) 89,105 94,271 88,362 -5,909 

International Maritime Organization (IMO) 1,428 1,353 1,406 53 

International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 11,080 10,876 11,041 165 

UN Educational, Scientific & Cultural Org 

(UNESCO) 

78,831 - 78,968 78,968 

Universal Postal Union (UPU) 2,485 2,399 2,441 42 

World Health Organization (WHO) 109,403 109,403 109,403 -

World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) 1,216 1,224 1,264 40 

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 14,126 14,671 15,686 1,015 

Subtotal, United Nations and Affiliated Agencies 1,170,648 1,151,276 1,151,478 202 

Inter-American Organizations 

Organization of American States (OAS) 48,148 49,605 51,093 1,488 

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) 60,503 63,094 65,686 2,592 

Inter-American Inst. for Cooperation on Ag. (IICA) 16,359 16,360 16,360 -

Pan American Inst. of Geography and History 

(PAIGH) 

324 324 324 -

Subtotal, Inter-American Organizations 125,334 129,383 133,463 4,080 

Regional Organizations 

Org. for Econ. Cooperation and Development 

(OECD) 

85,527 83,818 85,147 1,329 

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 79,712 82,368 68,780 -13,588 

NATO Parliamentary Assembly (NPA) 1,164 1,135 1,220 85 

The Pacific Community (SPC) 1,708 1,777 2,250 473 

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 1,036 1,023 1,028 5 

Colombo Plan Council Technical Cooperation 

(CPCTC) 

17 17 17 -

50
 

 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Subtotal, Regional Organizations 169,164 170,138 158,442 -11,696 

Other International Organizations 

Organization Prohibition of Chemical Weapons 

(OPCW) 

25,510 21,276 21,059 -217 

World Trade Organization (WTO) 25,825 26,413 25,266 -1,147 

Customs Cooperation Council (CCC) 4,297 4,202 4,326 124 

Hague Conference on Private Int'l Law (HCOPIL) 283 281 288 7 

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) 2,107 2,029 2,032 3 

Int'l Bureau Publication of Customs Tariffs (IBPCT) 161 - - -

Int'l Bureau Permanent Court Arbitration (IBPCA) 55 72 73 1 

International Bureau of Weights and Measures 

(IBWM) 

1,451 1,458 1,499 41 

Int'l Center Study of Preservation & Restoration 

Cultural Property (ICCROM) 

1,142 1,051 1,072 21 

International Coffee Organization (ICO) 509 617 616 -1 

International Copper Study Group (ICSG) 44 38 39 1 

International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC) 331 335 349 14 

International Grains Council (IGC) 535 551 563 12 

International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) 142 133 141 8 

Int'l Institute Unification of Private Law (IIUPL) 175 163 169 6 

International Lead and Zinc Study Group (ILZSG) 38 34 35 1 

International Organization of Legal Metrology 

(IOLM) 

171 154 166 12 

International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) 2,917 3,147 3,696 549 

International Rubber Study Group (IRSG) 113 - - -

International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) 16 14 14 -

International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) 319 286 308 22 

Int'l Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 526 533 556 23 

Int'l Union Protection New Varieties of Plants 

(UPOV) 

341 291 297 6 

World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) 208 197 204 7 

Subtotal, Other International Organizations 67,216 63,275 62,768 -507 

Tax Reimbursement Agreements for U.S. Citizens 

Tax Reimbursement Agreements 22,321 22,419 23,363 944 

Subtotal, Tax Reimbursement Agreements for U.S. 

Citizens 22,321 22,419 23,363 944 

51
($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Total Annual Requirements 1,554,683 1,536,491 1,529,514 -6,977 

Buydown of FY 2012 Requirements 23,968 -23,968 - 23,968 

FY 2012 and FY 2013 Contingent Requirements1 

- 38,477 40,491 2,014 

UN Mission in Frontline States (UNAMI/UNAMA) 

in OCO - -101,300 0 101,300 

Total Contributions to International Organizations 

(CIO) 1,578,651 1,449,700 1,570,005 120,305 

1/ The Department of State intends to work with Congress to seek legislation that would provide authority to waive restrictions on paying the U.S. 

assessed contributions to UNESCO. Should the Congress pass this legislation, this funding is sufficient to cover the FY 2013 UNESCO 

assessment and the balance of the FY 2012 assessment. 

52
 

 

 

Contributions for International Peacekeeping Activities 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Contributions for International Peacekeeping 

Activities 

1,883,931 1,828,182 2,098,500 270,318 

The FY 2013 request of $2.1 billion for Contributions for International Peacekeeping Activities (CIPA) 

provides funding to pay the U.S. share of assessed expenses for UN peacekeeping missions. The funding 

will help support international peacekeeping operations worldwide, including critical UN missions in 

Darfur, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Haiti, Lebanon, and Liberia. 

The entire CIPA appropriation is requested with a two-year period of availability due to the demonstrated 

unpredictability of requirements from year to year and the nature of multi-year operations that have 

mandates overlapping U.S. fiscal years. The budget also requests authority to continue paying up to 27.2 

percent of the cost of any UN peacekeeping operation for assessments received in calendar year 2012 and 

2013. 

Acting through the UN Security Council allows the United States to share with other nations the risks and 

costs of dealing with international crises. UN peacekeeping missions further U.S. national security by 

ending conflicts, maintaining or restoring peace, and strengthening regional stability. They can also help 

lower the global tide of refugees, reduce the likelihood of unsanctioned interventions, and prevent small 

conflicts from growing into larger wars. 

Resource Detail – CIPA Activities 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate1 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) 4,288 13,278 9,300 -3,978 

UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) 8,727 18,439 13,000 -5,439 

UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) 152,063 178,069 161,100 -16,969 

UN Mission Referendum West Sahara (MINURSO) 12,084 21,889 16,500 -5,389 

UN War Crimes Tribunal - Yugoslavia (UNICTY) 23,780 21,422 23,780 2,358 

UN War Crimes Tribunal - Rwanda (UNICTR) 18,342 16,550 18,342 1,792 

UN Interim Administration Mission Kosovo 

(UNMIK) 

7,525 18,929 13,480 -5,449 

UN Org. Stabilization Mission in the DRC 

(MONUSCO) 

600,188 413,449 408,000 -5,449 

UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) 40,415 246,746 135,400 -111,346 

UN Operations in Cote d'Ivoire (UNOCI) 204,924 170,449 139,900 -30,549 

UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) 237,525 221,693 216,245 -5,448 

53
 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

UN Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT) 51,958 61,789 40,358 -21,431 

UN-AU Hybrid Mission in Darfur (UNAMID) 481,973 518,178 512,330 -5,848 

UN Support Office for the AU Mission in Somalia 

(UNSOA)2 - - 92,000 92,000 

UN Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) 197,899 395,098 - -395,098 

UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) - - 60,000 60,000 

UN Mission in Southern Sudan (UNMISS) - - 238,665 238,665 

Mission Monitoring / Effectiveness Support - - 100 100 

Total Annual Estimated Requirements 2,041,691 2,315,978 2,098,500 -217,478 

Application of FY 2010 Carry Over into FY 2011 -159,756 - - -

Application of FY 2011 Carry Over into FY 2012 262,269 -262,269 - 262,269 

Application of FY 2011/FY 2012 Credits -260,273 -140,579 - 140,579 

FY 2012 Adjustment - -84,948 - 84,948 

Total, Contributions for International 

Peacekeeping Activities (CIPA) 1,883,931 1,828,182 2,098,500 270,318 

1/ FY 2012 Estimate, Total Annual Requirements, includes $171.3 million in FY 2011/2012 carry forward funds that were used to pay FY 2011 

assessments; however, due to the timing of the revised reprogramming Congressional notification, funds were obligated in FY 2012. The FY 2012 

Estimate, Total Annual Requirements also includes $91 million in FY 2011/2012 carry forward funds to pay FY 2012 assessments for South Sudan. 

2/ Funding for UNSOA was appropriated in the PKO account in FY 2011 and FY 2012. 

54
 

International Boundary and Water Commission 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

International Boundary and Water Commission 69,660 76,175 77,100 925 

IBWC - Salaries and Expenses 43,213 44,722 46,700 1,978 

IBWC - Construction 26,447 31,453 30,400 -1,053 

The International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC) is a treaty-based organization comprised of 

U.S. and Mexican Sections. The sections exercise respective national rights and obligations under 

U.S.-Mexico boundary and water treaties and related agreements and develop binational solutions to 

boundary and water problems arising along the 1,952-mile border. 

The FY 2013 request for the IBWC provides $46.7 million in Salaries and Expenses for the U.S. Section. 

This appropriation funds the operations and maintenance of headquarters in El Paso, Texas, and eight field 

offices and three satellite offices along the border. The appropriation also supports administrative and 

engineering activities and field operations. 

The increase over the FY 2012 level is primarily to support operation, maintenance and engineering costs 

associated with the Nogales International Wastewater Treatment Plant and the new South Bay International 

Wastewater Treatment Plant facility to address secondary treatment of Tijuana sewage. It also reflects the 

realignment of $1.2 million and 18 U.S. Direct Hire positions from the IBWC Construction account to 

support the Heavy Equipment Replacement Program. 

The FY 2013 request for the IBWC provides $30.4 million in Construction for major renovations and 

construction that enable the storage, distribution, and delivery of international waters in the Rio Grande and 

Colorado River. These activities afford protection of lives and property from floods in bordering 

communities. The appropriation also provides for the preservation of the international border and 

addresses binational sanitation issues through wastewater treatment and reduction of trash and debris. 

FY 2013 funding for Construction will continue multi-year efforts to improve Rio Grande levees and 

related flood control structures in the United States. The levees contain about 440 miles of river and 

interior floodway channel along three unique Rio Grande flood control systems. The funding will also 

support rehabilitation of the dams for which the IBWC is responsible and renovation of IBWC facilities. 

This level reflects a realignment of $1.2 million and 18 U.S. Direct Hire positions to the IBWC Salaries and 

Expense account. 

55
 

 

 

American Sections 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

American Sections 12,583 11,687 12,200 513 

International Joint Commission 7,984 7,012 7,392 380 

International Boundary Commission 2,354 2,279 2,441 162 

Border Environment Cooperation Commission 2,245 2,396 2,367 -29 

International Joint Commission 

The FY 2013 request provides $7.4 million for the International Joint Commission (IJC). This funding 

will support the activities of the U.S. Section staff in Washington, D.C., and a binational Great Lakes 

Regional Office in Windsor, Canada. 

The IJC was established by the 1909 Boundary Waters Treaty as a cornerstone of U.S.-Canadian relations 

in the boundary region. Under the treaty, the IJC licenses and regulates certain water resource projects 

along the border that affect levels and flows on the other side, provides advice to the governments and 

conducts studies on critical issues of mutual concern, and apportions waters in transboundary river systems. 

The IJC also assists the governments in efforts to prevent transboundary air pollution and improve air 

quality. 

The IJC’s model for preventing and resolving disputes is scientifically based, inclusive, and open to public 

input. Currently, 20 active boards and task forces, plus various related technical working groups and 

committees, provide expert advice on both science and policy issues. 

International Boundary Commission 

The FY 2013 request provides $2.4 million for the International Boundary Commission (IBC). This 

funding will support the primary mission of the IBC to maintain an effective (accurately delineated and 

marked) boundary between the United States and Canada as prescribed by the 1925 Treaty of Washington. 

Maintaining such a boundary ensures the sovereignty of each nation over its territory by clearly establishing 

where one’s rights and responsibilities end, and the other’s begin, thus virtually eliminating the potential for 

serious and costly boundary disputes. 

The request will fund IBC operations and eight maintenance projects along the 5,525-mile boundary. The 

IBC maintains more than 5,500 land boundary monuments and more than 2,800 reference monuments. 

The request will also provide for mapping and maintenance of a Geographical Information System. 

Border Environment Cooperation Commission 

The FY 2013 request provides $2.4 million for the Border Environment Cooperation Commission (BECC). 

The funding will continue the BECC’s work to improve health and environmental conditions for the 

U.S.-Mexico border region by strengthening cooperation among interested parties and supporting 

sustainable projects. 

56
A binational institution created in 1993, the BECC assists border communities in developing environmental 

infrastructure projects that meet certification requirements to be eligible to receive funding from the North 

American Development Bank or other institutions. These requirements help ensure that projects provide 

environmental and health benefits and are technically feasible and affordable. 

57
 

 

 

International Fisheries Commissions 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

International Fisheries Commissions 50,399 36,300 32,800 -3,500 

The FY 2013 request provides $32.8 million for International Fisheries Commissions (IFC) to fund the 

U.S. share of operating expenses for ten international fisheries commissions, the International Whaling 

Commission, two international marine science organizations, the Arctic Council, the Antarctic Treaty, and 

international shark and sea turtle conservation initiatives. 

In most cases, U.S. contributions are mandated by treaties and agreements. Each commission facilitates 

international cooperation by conducting or coordinating scientific studies of fish stocks and other marine 

resources and their habitats and establishing common management measures to be implemented by member 

governments. Many also oversee the allocation of fishing rights to their members. 

Full payment of assessments is required to maintain voting privileges and influence in the commissions and 

organizations to advance the economic and conservation interests of the United States and important 

constituent groups. 

Through the ongoing efforts of the commissions and programs funded by this appropriation, many fishing 

areas that were nearly depleted are now yielding sustainable catches for U.S. commercial and sport 

fishermen, and some key endangered populations are recovering. The commercial and recreational 

fisheries managed by the commissions generate income of $12 billion to $15 billion annually to the 

United States. 

Resource Detail – IFC Activities 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission 

(IATTC) 1,897 1,998 1,900 -98 

Great Lakes Fishery Commission (GLFC) 24,325 23,709 20,000 -3,709 

International Pacific Halibut Commission (IPHC) 3,250 4,500 4,600 100 

Pacific Salmon Commission (PSC) 3,250 3,250 3,200 -50 

Pacific Salmon Special Assessment 15,000 - - -

Other Marine Conservation Organizations 2,677 2,843 3,100 257 

Arctic Council - - 58 58 

Antarctic Treaty Secretariat (ATS) 60 67 70 3 

Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Marine 

Living Resources (CCAMLR) 

135 117 150 33 

Expenses of the U.S. Commissioners 137 180 160 -20 

58
($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Int'l Commission for the Conservation of Atlanta 

Tunas (ICCAT) 

315 325 330 5 

Int’l Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) 235 268 260 -8 

International Sea Turtle Conservation Programs 170 173 175 2 

International Shark Conservation Program - 100 100 -

International Whaling Commission (IWC) 170 200 180 -20 

North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Org. (NASCO) 46 55 67 12 

North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission 

(NPAFC) 

188 187 190 3 

North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) 114 212 130 -82 

Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) 260 234 280 46 

Western & Central Pacific Fisheries Commission 

(WCPFC) 

847 725 950 225 

Total 50,399 36,300 32,800 -3,500 

59
 

The Asia Foundation 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

The Asia Foundation 17,864 17,000 15,400 -1,600 

The Asia Foundation is a private, non-profit organization that advances U.S. interests in the Asia-Pacific 

region. Incorporated and headquartered in California, the Foundation operates programs through 17 

offices in Asia. The Asia Foundation’s programs and grants support democratic initiatives, governance 

and economic reform, expansion of rule of law, women’s empowerment, regional cooperation, and 

peaceful relations between the United States and Asia. 

Under the Asia Foundation Act of 1983, appropriated funds are the Foundation’s core funding source. The 

FY 2013 request of $15.4 million will enable the Asia Foundation to continue its work with Asian 

governments, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector. 

Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue 1,304 840 798 -42 

The Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue was established by the Congress to further scholarship 

and implement programs to open channels of communication and deepen cross-cultural understanding 

between the United States and nations with predominantly Muslim populations. In FY 2013, the Center’s 

permanent trust fund will provide an estimated $798,000 in interest earnings for operations of the Center. 

The FY 2013 request seeks the authority to spend these estimated earnings on the scholarship fund. 

60
 

Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program 304 500 449 -51 

The Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program builds international understanding by bringing rising 

leaders to the United States, and sending their American counterparts abroad, on custom designed 

professional programs. The program’s trust fund will provide an estimated $449,000 in interest earnings 

in FY 2013 to support these exchanges. The FY 2013 request seeks the authority to spend these estimated 

earnings on the fellowship fund. 

Israeli Arab Scholarship Program 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Israeli Arab Scholarship Program 418 375 374 -1 

The Israeli Arab Scholarship Program funds scholarship programs for Israeli Arabs to attend institutions of 

higher education in the United States. The program’s trust fund will provide an estimated $374,000 in 

interest earnings in FY 2013 to support such activities. 

61
 

 

East-West Center 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

East-West Center 20,958 16,700 10,800 -5,900 

The Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange between East and West was established by the Congress 

in 1960 to promote understanding and good relations between the United States and the nations of the 

Asia-Pacific region. Located in Hawaii, the East-West Center has engaged more than 55,000 participants 

in its programs since its inception, including at the highest political levels in some nations. It can draw on 

extensive individual and institutional ties to work effectively on critical regional issues. 

The FY 2013 request of $10.8 million will provide continued funding for the East-West Center’s programs 

of cooperative research, study, and exchange. At this budgetary level, the Center projects that it will 

engage 2,300 participants in its activities in FY 2013 and generate an estimated $7 million from other 

sources, such as the private sector and foundations. 

62
 

National Endowment for Democracy 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

National Endowment for Democracy 117,764 117,764 104,000 -13,764 

The National Endowment for Democracy (NED) was established by the Congress in 1983 to strengthen 

democratic institutions around the world. Through a worldwide grants program, NED assists those 

working abroad to build democratic institutions and spread democratic values. 

NED’s four affiliated core institutes – the American Center for International Labor Solidarity, the Center 

for International Private Enterprise, the International Republican Institute, and the National Democratic 

Institute – represent public American institutions working in sectors critical to the development of 

democracy. NED also supports initiatives of nongovernmental organizations fostering independent 

media, human rights, and other essential democratic elements. 

Directed by a bipartisan board, NED makes approximately 1,200 grants per year in nearly 100 countries. 

NED’s grants advance long-term U.S. interests and address immediate needs in strengthening democracy, 

human rights, and the rule of law. 

The FY 2013 request for NED of $104 million will enable NED to continue a strong grants program in 

priority countries and regions, such as the Middle East and North Africa. 

63
 

Broadcasting Board of Governors 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Broadcasting Board of Governors 748,375 751,530 720,149 -31,381 

International Broadcasting Operations 741,500 740,100 711,558 -28,542 

Broadcasting Capital Improvements 6,875 7,030 8,591 1,561 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 4,400 - -4,400 

The FY 2013 request provides $711.5 million for International Broadcasting Operations. Through this 

appropriation, the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) funds operations of its broadcasting 

organizations, as well as related program delivery and support activities. 

The BBG is an independent Federal entity responsible for all U.S. non-military international broadcasting 

programs. BBG broadcasting organizations include the Voice of America (VOA), Radio Free 

Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL), Radio Free Asia (RFA), Radio and TV Marti, and the Middle East 

Broadcasting Networks (MBN) – Radio Sawa and Alhurra Television. 

The BBG mission is to promote freedom and democracy and enhance understanding through multimedia 

communication of accurate, objective, and balanced news, information, and other programming about 

America and the world. BBG radio, television, and Internet programs reach more than 180 million people 

each week in 59 languages. 

The FY 2013 Budget Request would enable the Agency to support its most critical base operations and 

capital requirements as well as provide additional funds to support a limited number of new initiatives 

including: increasing new media development, targeting news and current affairs TV to Egypt, and 

enhancing TV broadcasts to Central Asia. The request also contains reductions including reducing 

staffing and/or programming of several language services in order to decrease or end duplication while 

allowing language services to focus on platforms that are relevant to their audience; consolidating and 

closing administrative and programming offices; eliminating Aero-Marti; realigning and reducing the BBG 

transmission schedule; reducing research, newswire service, equipment maintenance; and other 

administrative functions. 

The FY 2013 request provides $8.6 million for Broadcasting Capital Improvements to maintain the 

worldwide transmission network of the Broadcasting Board of Governors, including the security 

requirements of facilities. The request includes funding for maintenance, repairs, and improvements to 

existing systems, as well as the following initiatives: upgrading the BBG’s digital media management and 

infrastructure, and continuing audio technology improvement. 

64
United States Institute of Peace 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

United States Institute of Peace 39,420 39,000 37,400 -1,600 

Enduring 39,420 30,589 37,400 6,811 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 8,411 - -8,411 

The United States Institute of Peace (USIP) is an independent, nonpartisan institution established and 

funded by the Congress. Its goals are to help prevent and resolve violent international conflicts, promote 

post-conflict stability and development, and increase conflict management capacity, tools, and intellectual 

capital worldwide. 

The FY 2013 request for USIP provides $37.4 million for preventing international conflict, innovation in 

peacebuilding through research and development, and professionalizing the field of conflict management. 

65
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66
FOREIGN ASSISTANCE REQUEST 

($000) 

67

FY 2011 Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

Enduring 

FY 2012 

Estimate OCO 

FY 2012 

Estimate Total 

FY 2013 

Request 

Enduring 

FY 2013 

Request OCO 

FY 2013 

Request Total 

Change from FY 

2012 Estimate 

to FY 2013 

Request 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS (with Rescissions) 32,947,474 29,032,334 6,575,330 35,607,664 32,273,164 3,882,871 36,156,035 48,371 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS 33,381,357 29,532,334 6,575,330 36,107,664 32,273,164 3,882,871 36,156,035 48,371 

U.S Agency for International Development 1,528,437 1,268,500 259,500 1,528,000 1,448,445 84,000 1,532,445 4,445

 USAID Operating Expenses (OE) 1,347,300 1,092,300 255,000 1,347,300 1,263,045 84,000 1,347,045 (255)

 Conflict Stabilization Operations (CSO) 4,990 - - - - - - -

USAID Capital Investment Fund (CIF) 129,740 129,700 - 129,700 134,900 - 134,900 5,200

 USAID Inspector General Operating Expenses 46,407 46,500 4,500 51,000 50,500 - 50,500 (500) 

Bilateral Economic Assistance 19,805,351 16,990,784 3,217,016 20,207,800 18,749,271 1,037,871 19,787,142 (420,658)

 Global Health Programs (USAID and State)1,2 7,832,310 8,167,860 - 8,167,860 7,854,000 - 7,854,000 (313,860)

 Global Health Programs - USAID [2,498,000] [2,625,000] - [2,625,000] [2,504,000] - [2,504,000] [-121,000] Global Health Programs - State [5,334,310] [5,542,860] - [5,542,860] [5,350,000] - [5,350,000] [-192,860]

 Development Assistance (DA) 2,519,950 2,519,950 - 2,519,950 2,525,500 - 2,525,500 5,550

 International Disaster Assistance (IDA) 863,270 825,000 150,000 975,000 960,000 - 960,000 (15,000)

 Transition Initiatives (TI) 54,890 50,141 6,554 56,695 57,600 - 57,600 905

 Complex Crises Fund (CCF) 39,920 10,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 - 50,000 10,000

 Development Credit Authority - Subsidy (DCA) [30,000] [40,000] - [40,000] [40,000] - [40,000] -

Development Credit Authority - Administrative Expenses 8,283 8,300 - 8,300 8,200 - 8,200 (100)

 Economic Support Fund (ESF)3 5,931,714 2,994,745 2,801,462 5,796,207 4,848,571 1,037,871 5,886,442 90,235

 Democracy Fund 114,770 114,770 - 114,770 - - - (114,770)

 Assistance for Europe, Eurasia and Central Asia (AEECA) 695,740 626,718 - 626,718 - - - (626,718)

 Migration and Refugee Assistance (MRA) 1,694,604 1,646,100 229,000 1,875,100 1,625,400 - 1,625,400 (249,700)

 U.S. Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance (ERMA) 49,900 27,200 - 27,200 50,000 - 50,000 22,800

 Middle East and North Africa Incentive Fund - - - - 770,000 - 770,000 770,000 

Independent Agencies 1,324,345 1,325,700 - 1,325,700 1,314,800 - 1,314,800 (10,900)

 Peace Corps 374,250 375,000 - 375,000 374,500 - 374,500 (500) Millennium Challenge Corporation 898,200 898,200 - 898,200 898,200 - 898,200 -

Inter-American Foundation 22,454 22,500 - 22,500 18,100 - 18,100 (4,400)

 African Development Foundation 29,441 30,000 - 30,000 24,000 - 24,000 (6,000) 

Department of Treasury 75,348 37,448 1,552 39,000 275,448 - 275,448 236,448

 Treasury Technical Assistance 25,448 25,448 1,552 27,000 25,448 - 25,448 (1,552)

 Debt Restructuring 49,900 12,000 12,000 250,000 - 250,000 238,000 
FOREIGN ASSISTANCE REQUEST 

($000) 

68

FY 2011 Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

Enduring 

FY 2012 

Estimate OCO 

FY 2012 

Estimate Total 

FY 2013 

Request 

Enduring 

FY 2013 

Request OCO 

FY 2013 

Request Total 

Change from FY 

2012 Estimate 

to FY 2013 

Request 

International Security Assistance 8,413,954 7,269,819 3,097,262 10,367,081 7,941,233 2,761,000 10,702,233 335,152

 International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE) 4 1,593,806 1,061,100 943,605 2,004,705 1,456,502 1,050,000 2,506,502 501,797

 Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining and Related Programs (NADR) 738,520 590,113 120,657 710,770 635,668 635,668 (75,102)

 Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) 304,390 302,818 81,000 383,818 249,100 249,100 (134,718)

 International Military Education and Training (IMET) 105,788 105,788 - 105,788 102,643 102,643 (3,145) Foreign Military Financing (FMF)7 5,374,230 5,210,000 1,102,000 6,312,000 5,472,320 911,000 6,383,320 71,320

 Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund (PCCF) 5 297,220 - 800,000 800,000 - 800,000 800,000 -

Global Security Contingency Fund - - 50,000 50,000 25,000 - 25,000 (25,000)

 Special Defense Acquisition Fund - - - - - - - -

Multilateral Economic Assistance 2,299,471 2,971,093 - 2,971,093 2,952,644 - 2,952,644 (18,449)

 International Organizations and Programs 6 351,290 348,705 348,705 327,300 327,300 (21,405) 

International Financial Institutions (IFIs) 1,948,181 2,622,388 - 2,622,388 2,625,344 - 2,625,344 2,956

 Global Environment Facility (GEF) 89,820 89,820 - 89,820 129,400 - 129,400 39,580 Clean Technology Fund 184,630 184,630 - 184,630 185,000 - 185,000 370 Strategic Climate Fund 49,900 49,900 - 49,900 50,000 - 50,000 100

 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development - 117,364 - 117,364 186,957 - 186,957 69,593

 International Development Association 1,232,530 1,325,000 - 1,325,000 1,358,500 - 1,358,500 33,500

 Inter-American Development Bank - 75,000 - 75,000 102,020 - 102,020 27,020 Inter-American Investment Corporation 20,958 4,670 - 4,670 - - - (4,670) Enterprise for the Americas Multilateral Investment Fund 24,950 25,000 - 25,000 - - - (25,000) Asian Development Fund - 100,000 - 100,000 115,250 - 115,250 15,250

 Asian Development Bank 106,373 106,586 - 106,586 106,799 - 106,799 213 African Development Bank - 32,418 - 32,418 32,418 - 32,418 -

African Development Fund 109,780 172,500 - 172,500 195,000 - 195,000 22,500

 Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative - 174,500 - 174,500 - - - (174,500)

 European Bank of Reconstruction and Development - - - - - - - -

International Fund for Agricultural Development 29,440 30,000 - 30,000 30,000 - 30,000 -

Global Agriculture and Food Security Program 99,800 135,000 - 135,000 134,000 - 134,000 (1,000) 

Export & Investment Assistance (149,400) (413,010) - (413,010) (493,616) - (493,616) (80,606)

 Export-Import Bank 2,575 (266,000) - (266,000) (359,100) - (359,100) (93,100) Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) (201,875) (197,010) - (197,010) (192,116) - (192,116) 4,894

 Trade and Development Agency 49,900 50,000 - 50,000 57,600 - 57,600 7,600 
FOREIGN ASSISTANCE REQUEST 

($000) 

69

FY 2011 Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

Enduring 

FY 2012 

Estimate OCO 

FY 2012 

Estimate Total 

FY 2013 

Request 

Enduring 

FY 2013 

Request OCO 

FY 2013 

Request Total 

Change from FY 

2012 Estimate 

to FY 2013 

Request 

Related International Affairs Accounts 83,851 82,000 - 82,000 84,939 - 84,939 2,939

 International Trade Commission 81,696 80,000 - 80,000 82,800 - 82,800 2,800

 Foreign Claims Settlement Commission 2,155 2,000 - 2,000 2,139 - 2,139 139 

Department of Agriculture 1,696,101 1,650,000 - 1,650,000 1,584,000 - 1,584,000 (66,000)

 Food for Peace Act Title II 1,497,000 1,466,000 - 1,466,000 1,400,000 - 1,400,000 (66,000)

 McGovern-Dole International Food for Education 199,101 184,000 - 184,000 184,000 - 184,000 -

Rescissions Total Rescissions Foreign Operations (433,883) (500,000) - (500,000) - - - -

Bilateral Economic Assistance (151,700) (100,000) - (100,000) - - - -

Assistance for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union(FSA) (11,700) - - - - - - -

Development Assistance (DA) (1,000) - - - - - - -

Economic Support Fund (ESF) (120,000) (100,000) - (100,000) - - - -

Assistance for Europe, Eurasia and Central Asia (AEECA) (19,000) - - - - - - -

International Security Assistance (7,183) - - - - - - -

International Narcotics and Law Enforcement (INCLE) (7,183) - - - - - - -

Export & Investment Assistance (275,000) (400,000) - (400,000) - - - -

Export-Import Bank (275,000) (400,000) - (400,000) - - - -

Footnotes

1/ Global Health Programs was previously the Global Health and Child Survival (GHCS) account.2/ The FY 2011 Actual level reflects the transfer of $3.0 million from International Organizations & Programs to Global Health Programs-USAID (GHP).3/ The FY 2012 Estimate for Economic Support Fund (ESF) - OCO reflects a $40 million transfer from the FY 2012 Estimate International Narcotics and Law Enforcement - OCO account.4/ The FY 2012 Estimate for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement(INCLE) -OCO reflects a $40 million transfer to Economic Support Fund (ESF) - OCO.5/ The FY 2011 Actual reflects a $297.22 million transfer to the Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund (PCCF) from the Department of Defense Pakistan Counterinsurgency Fund (PCF).
 

 

 

USAID Operating Expenses 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

USAID Operating Expenses 1,347,300 1,347,300 1,347,045 -255 

Enduring 1,347,300 1,092,300 1,263,045 170,745 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 255,000 84,000 -171,000 

The Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review (QDDR) calls for “elevating American ‘civilian 

power’ to better advance our national interests and be a better partner with the U.S. military.” The 

U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Operating Expenses (OE) request provides the 

resources to respond to this challenge. It includes funding to maintain the progress achieved under the 

Development Leadership Initiative (DLI), which strengthened the U.S. Direct Hire (USDH) overseas 

workforce to meet U.S. foreign policy objectives and support Presidential initiatives. It also includes 

funding for the USAID FORWARD agenda, which seeks to transform the Agency by reforming 

procurement systems and building local capacity in host countries. 

For FY 2013, the $1,263 million USAID OE request for enduring operations will fund the administrative 

costs of managing USAID programs. The USAID OE budget covers salaries and benefits, overseas and 

Washington operations, and central support including human capital initiatives, security, and information 

technology (IT). 

FY 2013 funds will cover salaries, operational expenses, and the operational costs for the enduring 

programs in the frontline states of Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iraq. Separately, an additional $84 million is 

requested in Overseas Contingency Operations for extraordinary costs for Afghanistan. 

Below are highlights of the FY 2013 request and the expected $158.3 million in other funding sources 

USAID will have in FY 2013, such as recoveries, reimbursements, and trust funds. 

Highlights: 

	 Development Leadership Initiative ($33.7 million): The request will support the annualized, 

recurring costs of the 100 Foreign Service Officers (FSOs) funded in FY 2011that will not yet be 

deployed to permanent positions in FY 2013. 

	 USAID FORWARD ($16 million): Funding will support the continued implementation of 

procurement reform, including the salaries for 16 additional Civil Service staff needed to achieve 

procurement reform goals worldwide. 

	 Overseas Operations ($822.9 million): The request includes funding for all U.S. Direct Hire 

(USDH) salaries and benefits for FSOs serving overseas and the costs associated with maintaining 

mission operations - including the enduring programs in the frontline states of Afghanistan, Pakistan, 

and Iraq - such as the salaries of local staff, travel, office and residential space, and security. In 

addition, the recurring costs associated with the 720 DLI FSOs hired with FYs 2008 – 2010 funding and 

posted to permanent positions by FY 2013 are normalized into Overseas Operations in this request. 

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	 Washington Operations ($330.5 million): Funding will cover USDH salaries and benefits for Civil 

Service and Foreign Service employees working in Washington, general office support, and advisory 

and assistance services. In addition, the recurring Washington support costs associated with the 720 

DLI FSOs hired with FYs 2008 – 2010 funding is included in the FY 2013 request. 

	 Central Support ($218.2 million): The request includes funding for IT, office space, and other 

mandatory services. Funding will also cover the recurring central support costs associated with the 

720 DLI FSOs hired with FYs 2008 – 2010 funding that are normalized into the Agency’s base 

operations in FY 2013. 

Details of the FY 2013 OCO Request for USAID OE are addressed in the OCO chapter. 

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USAID Capital Investment Fund 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

USAID Capital Investment Fund 129,740 129,700 134,900 5,200 

The FY 2013 request for the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Capital Investment 

Fund (CIF) of $134.9 million will support capital investments of both information technology and facility 

construction. The USAID Operating Expenses account funds the annual operating and maintenance costs 

of information systems and facilities infrastructure. 

Highlights: 

	 Facility Construction ($104.5 million): The request will support USAID’s full cost of participation 

in the Capital Security Cost Sharing Program (CSCS). The Secure Embassy Construction and 

Counterterrorism Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-113) requires USAID to co-locate on new embassy 

compounds. The FY 2013 request will support the building of two new embassy compounds in 

countries with USAID presence: N'Djamena, Chad and Juba, Sudan. 

	 Information Technology ($30.4 million): Funding will cover investments in cloud computing and 

enhancements to USAID's worldwide business infrastructure, including upgrades to the acquisition and 

assistance and financial management systems. The request also will fund participation in on-going 

E-Government initiatives, such as the Budget Formulation and Execution Line of Business (LOB), 

Financial Management LOB, and Human Resources Management LOB. These investments advance 

USAID’s reform efforts to improve operational efficiency and encourage the use of best practices in 

Federal budgeting. 

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USAID Inspector General Operating Expenses 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

USAID Inspector General Operating Expenses 46,407 51,000 50,500 -500 

Enduring 46,407 46,500 50,500 4,000 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 4,500 - -4,500 

The FY 2013 request of $50.5 million for the Office of Inspector General (OIG) for the U.S. Agency for 

International Development (USAID) will fund salaries, benefits, and operating expenses for OIG staff. 

The funding supports audit and investigative coverage of USAID, African Development Foundation 

(ADF), and Inter-American Foundation (IAF) programs and activities. This mandatory oversight 

responsibility involves auditing these organizations’ annual financial statements and information security 

management. 

OIG provides oversight for multiple programmatic and operating areas in approximately 100 countries. 

OIG will focus a portion of its FY 2013 resources on USAID’s high-priority development programs in Iraq, 

Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Haiti that promote economic growth, education, health, good governance, and 

democracy. This funding will also allow OIG to prioritize oversight of USAID’s programs in West Bank 

and Gaza and elsewhere in the Middle East, along with health programs worldwide. 

OIG assists USAID, ADF, and IAF in implementing their programs by providing information and 

recommendations to improve program and operational performance, as well as by working to detect and 

prevent waste, fraud, and abuse in agency programs. OIG also helps these three agencies to protect and 

maintain the integrity of their organizations and programs. 

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Global Health Programs 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Global Health Programs 7,832,310 8,167,860 7,854,000 -313,860 

Global Health Programs - USAID 2,498,000 2,625,000 2,504,000 -121,000 

Global Health Programs - State 5,334,310 5,542,860 5,350,000 -192,860 

* FY 2011 Actual includes $3 million transferred from the International Organizations and Programs account. 

The Global Health Programs account (formerly “Global Health and Child Survival”) funds health-related 

foreign assistance managed by the Department of State and the U.S. Agency for International Development 

(USAID). Investments in global health protect Americans at home and abroad, strengthen fragile or 

failing states, promote social and economic progress, and support the rise of capable partners who can help 

to solve regional and global problems. U.S. Government efforts in global health are a signature of 

American leadership in the world, including the United States' historic commitment to the treatment, care, 

and prevention of HIV/AIDS. 

The FY 2013 budget reflects a comprehensive and integrated global health strategy to implement the 

Administration’s Global Health Initiative (GHI) by taking the investments made in the President's 

Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), maternal and child 

health, family planning and reproductive health, tuberculosis, neglected tropical diseases, and other 

programs, and expanding their reach by linking individual programs in an integrated system of care. GHI 

harnesses the power of the U.S. Government, other governments and donors, private partnerships and 

developing countries to improve global health in a coordinated, efficient and strategic way. The approach 

will save millions of lives while fostering sustainable health care delivery systems that can address the full 

range of developing country health needs. The Initiative’s overall emphases are improving health 

outcomes through a focus on women, girls, and gender equity; increasing impact through strategic 

coordination and integration; strengthening and leveraging key multilateral organizations and global health 

partnerships; encouraging country ownership and investing in country-led plans; building sustainability 

through investments in health systems strengthening; improving metrics, monitoring, and evaluation; and 

promoting research, development, and innovation. As these programs are implemented, USAID and State 

will continue working to enhance the integration of quality interventions with the broader health and 

development programs of the U.S. Government, country partners, multilateral organizations, and other 

donors. The response to global health problems is a shared responsibility that cannot be met by one nation 

alone. We will challenge the global community to also provide leadership in building healthier, stronger, 

more self-sufficient nations in the developing world. 

For FY 2013, a total of $7,854 million is requested for Global Health Programs (GHP) under two 

subaccounts: $2,504 million GHP-USAID for USAID-administered programs and $5,350 million 

GHP-State for State-administered programs. The programs will be focused on three key areas: Saving 

Mothers and Children; Creating an AIDS-Free Generation; and Fighting Other Infectious Diseases. For 

all programs, resources will achieve ambitious outcomes on global health indicators and be targeted toward 

countries with the highest need, demonstrable commitment to achieving sustainable health impacts, the 

greatest potential to leverage U.S. Government programs and platforms, as well as those of other partners 

and donors. 

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For the countries of Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia, the FY 2013 budget normalizes foreign assistance 

resources by requesting funding for programs formerly supported through the Assistance for Europe, 

Eurasia and Central Asia (AEECA) account in the GHP account as well as in the Economic Support Fund 

(ESF) and International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE) accounts. 

Saving Mothers and Children 

Under American leadership, the world has made remarkable strides in both public and private efforts 

toward saving the lives of women and children, yet maternal and child mortality remains a critical problem 

in developing countries. Since 2008, USAID, with contributions from the international community, have 

reached DPT3 coverage of 66 percent in 24 assisted countries. In addition, starting from zero and working 

in coordination with the Global Alliance for Vaccines, 12 countries have introduced new vaccines for 

pneumococcal and five have introduced rotavirus vaccines. Programs are also making progress in 

maternal health with increases in key indicators such as births attended by professional medical personnel 

and women delivering in a facility. These positive trends will contribute to a decrease in overall maternal 

and child mortality. 

Highlights: 

Maternal and Child Health (MCH) ($578 million) funding will support programs that work with country 

and global partners to increase the wide-spread availability and use of proven life-saving interventions, and 

to strengthen the delivery systems to ensure the long term sustainability of these programs. Every year in 

developing countries, 8.1 million children under five die, two-thirds of which are preventable, and more 

than 350,000 mothers die annually from largely preventable complications related to pregnancy or 

childbirth. USAID will extend coverage of proven, high-impact interventions to the most vulnerable 

populations in high-burden countries. 

Funding will support a limited set of high-impact interventions that will accelerate reduction of maternal 

and newborn mortality, including the introduction and scale-up of new child vaccines. For FY 2013, 

increased funding ($145 million) is requested within MCH for the GAVI Alliance, in support of the 

Administration's historic three-year, $450 million pledge to this important partner. These funds will 

support the introduction of new vaccines, especially pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines that have the 

greatest potential impact on child survival. Other priority interventions include essential newborn care; 

prevention and treatment of diarrheal disease, including increased availability and use of household and 

community-level water, sanitation and hygiene; and expanded prevention and treatment of pneumonia, 

particularly at the community level. The maternal health program will provide support for essential and 

long-term health system improvements, including human resources, information, essential medicines, and 

financing. GHI will further enhance its impact through programs aimed at reducing maternal mortality 

during labor, delivery, and the first vital 24 hours postpartum, when most deaths from childbirth occur – the 

highest point of risk during labor and delivery. Resources will be provided to combat maternal mortality 

with expanded coverage of preventive and life-saving interventions such as prevention and management of 

post-partum hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and sepsis, as well as contributory causes of 

maternal death such as anemia, with simultaneous investments in building the capability required to provide 

functioning referral systems and comprehensive obstetric care. The MCH program will also work to 

leverage investments in other health programs, particularly family planning and reproductive health, 

nutrition, and infectious diseases. 

Malaria ($619 million) funding will continue to support the comprehensive strategy of the President’s 

Malaria Initiative (PMI), which combines prevention and treatment approaches and integrates these 

interventions with other priority health services. Last year, an estimated 781,000 people died of malaria 

75
 

 

 

 

 

 

and about 225 million people suffered from acute malarial illnesses. In the fight against malaria, USAID 

distributed 63 million artemisinnin combination therapies, 32 million insecticide-treated nets, 6.9 million 

intermittent preventive treatments for pregnant women, and protected 58 million people with indoor 

residual spraying, since 2008. Eighty-five percent of mortality due to malaria occurs in Sub-Saharan 

Africa, and the vast majority of the deaths are among children under five. USAID will continue to scale up 

malaria prevention and control activities and invest in strengthening delivery platforms in up to 22 African 

countries as well as support the scale-up of efforts to contain the spread of multidrug-resistant malaria in the 

Greater Mekong region of Southeast Asia and the Amazon Basin of South America. PMI will support host 

countries’ national malaria control programs and strengthen local capacity to expand the use of four highly 

effective malaria prevention and treatment measures, including indoor residual spraying, long-lasting 

insecticide-treated bed nets, artemisinnin-based combination therapies to treat acute illnesses, and 

implementation of interventions to prevent malaria in pregnancy. Funding will also continue to support 

the development of new malaria vaccine candidates, malaria drugs, and other malaria-related research with 

multilateral donors. 

Family Planning and Reproductive Health ($530 million) funding will support programs that improve 

and expand access to high-quality voluntary family planning services and information, as well as other 

reproductive health care and priority health services. Annually, 53 million women experience unintended 

pregnancies and 25 million women obtain abortions. In 2009 and 2010, USAID's family planning and 

reproductive health programs averted 11.9 million unintended pregnancies. Family planning (FP) is an 

essential intervention for the health of mothers and children, contributing to reduced maternal mortality, 

healthier children (through breastfeeding), and reduced infant mortality (through better birth spacing). 

Activities will be directed toward enhancing the ability of couples to decide the number and spacing of 

births and toward reducing abortion and maternal, infant, and child mortality and morbidity. Activities 

will also support the key elements of successful FP programs including: mobilization of demand for modern 

family planning services through behavior change communication; commodity supply and logistics; 

service delivery; policy analysis and planning; biomedical, social science, and program research; 

knowledge management; and monitoring and evaluation. Priority areas include: leveraging 

opportunities to expand services through MCH and HIV platforms; contraceptive security; 

community-based approaches; expanding access to voluntary long-acting and permanent contraceptive 

methods; promoting healthy birth spacing; and focusing on cross-cutting issues of gender, youth, and 

equity. 

Nutrition ($90 million) More than 200 million children under age five and one in three women in the 

developing world suffers from undernutrition. Undernutrition contributes to 35 percent of child deaths 

and leads to irreversible losses to children’s cognitive development, resulting in lower educational 

attainment and lower wages. Since 2008, thirty million infants, children, and women have been provided 

core nutrition interventions. Nutrition activities will be linked with the Feed the Future Initiative and 

evidence-based interventions that focus on the prevention of undernutrition through integrated services that 

provide nutrition education to improve maternal diets, nutrition during pregnancy, exclusive breastfeeding, 

and infant and young child feeding practices; diet quality and diversification through fortified or 

biofortified staple foods, specialized food products, and community gardens; and delivery of nutrition 

services such as micronutrient supplementation and community management of acute malnutrition. 

Vulnerable Children ($13 million) for the Displaced Children and Orphans Fund (DCOF). DCOF 

supports projects that strengthen the economic capacity of vulnerable families to protect and provide for the 

needs of their children, strengthen national child protection systems, and facilitate family reunification and 

social reintegration of children separated during armed conflict, including child soldiers, street children and 

institutionalized children. 

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Creating an AIDS-Free Generation 

The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), the largest effort by any nation to combat a 

single disease, continues to work towards achieving ambitious prevention, care, and treatment goals while 

strengthening health systems and emphasizing country ownership in order to build a long-term sustainable 

response to the epidemic. Under this Administration, unprecedented progress has been made in the fight 

against AIDS, including a more than doubling of individuals in lifesaving antiretroviral treatment (3.9 

million in FY 2011, up from 1.7 million in FY 2008). Through increased programming in the prevention 

of mother-to-child transmission, 200,000 infant HIV infections were averted in 2011. In addition, in 2011 

care services were provided to almost 13 million people (including 4 million orphans and vulnerable 

children), a 55 percent increase from 2008. 

As a result of recent scientific advances, the Obama Administration announced its commitment to pursue 

the goal of an AIDS-free generation. Strong U.S. leadership along with a heightened commitment by 

other partners will allow us to seize the opportunity for significant progress toward this goal. PEPFAR is 

pursuing a mix of high-impact prevention tools tailored to each partner country, while making smart 

investments and ensuring other partners join us in meeting this shared global responsibility. PEPFAR has 

prioritized prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, voluntary medical male circumcision, 

access to condoms, and antiretroviral treatment (ART) as prevention. These interventions, when delivered 

in combination and with behavioral support, can dramatically reduce new infections and save more lives. 

Part of this strategy includes supporting six million people on ART globally by the end of 2013, an increase 

of over two million from FY 2011 results. In addition, PEPFAR platforms are being utilized by other 

U.S. Government global health programs under GHI to advance other priorities such as reducing maternal 

mortality rates and curbing malaria. 

The GHP account is the largest source of funding for PEPFAR and this account is overseen and coordinated 

by the Department of State’s Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator. The Request includes a total 

$5,680 million in GHP ($5,350 million GHP-State and $330 million GHP-USAID) for country-based 

HIV/AIDS activities, technical support/strategic information and evaluation, support for international 

partners, and oversight and management. PEPFAR implementation is a broad interagency effort that 

involves the Department of State, USAID, the Peace Corps, and the Departments of Health and Human 

Services, Defense, Commerce, and Labor, as well as local and international nongovernmental 

organizations, faith- and community-based organizations, private sector entities, and partner governments. 

Highlights: 

Integrated HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care, and Treatment and Other Health Systems Programs ($3,629 

million including $3,393 million GHP-State and $236 million GHP-USAID): 

 $3,393 million GHP-State will support ongoing implementation of “Partnership Frameworks,” with the 

goal of strengthening the commitment and capacity of partner governments in their response to 

HIV/AIDS. These Frameworks outline expected partner contributions over the life of the 

arrangement, linking U.S. Government, partner country and other multilateral and bilateral resources to 

achieve long-term results in service delivery, policy reform and financing for HIV/AIDS and related 

issues to foster an effective, harmonized and sustainable HIV/AIDS response. 

PEPFAR programs for HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and care support the Administration’s overall 

emphasis through GHI on improving health outcomes, increasing program sustainability and 

integration, and strengthening health systems, as well as prioritizing implementation of evidence-based 

interventions such as prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, voluntary medical male 

circumcision, condoms, and antiretroviral treatment as prevention. Programs work by expanding 

77
 

 

 

 

 

partnerships with countries and building capacity for effective, innovative, and sustainable services; 

creating a supportive and enabling policy environment for combating HIV/AIDS; and implementing 

strong monitoring and evaluation systems to identify effective programs and best practices, determine 

progress toward goals, and ensure alignment with PEPFAR strategies. PEPFAR programs support 

scale-up of HIV/AIDS services within the context of strengthened health systems, particularly in terms 

of human resources for health in nations with severe health worker shortages, in order to effectively 

implement HIV/AIDS programs. In implementing these programs, PEPFAR will continue working to 

enhance the integration of quality interventions with the broader health and development programs of 

the U.S. Government, country partners, multilateral organizations, and other donors. Through steps 

like co-location of services and expanded training of health sector workers, PEPFAR is increasing 

access to overall care and support for HIV-infected and -affected individuals. 

In addition, addressing gender issues is essential to reducing the vulnerability of women and men to 

HIV infection. PEPFAR proactively confronts the changing demographics of the HIV/AIDS 

epidemic by integrating gender throughout prevention, care, and treatment activities. 

	 $236 million GHP-USAID contributes to PEPFAR’s global fight against the HIV/AIDS epidemic by 

targeting funds to meet critical needs of USAID field programs and by providing technical leadership 

worldwide. This includes support for programs that work with orphans and vulnerable children 

affected by the epidemic. Funding supports centrally-driven initiatives that catalyze new interventions 

at the field level, translate research findings into programs, and stimulate scale-up of proven 

interventions. GHP-USAID field resources leverage larger contributions from multilateral, 

international, private, and partner country sources by providing essential technical assistance for health 

systems strengthening, sustainability, capacity building, and country ownership. In addition to 

country programs, USAID will also continue to support the development of advanced product leads, 

such as the Dapivirine vaginal ring, delivery methods, and multiple-purpose agents (to prevent 

pregnancy and sexual transmitted infections as well as HIV). USAID collaborates closely with the 

Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator and other U.S. Government agencies to ensure that 

activities funded with these resources complement and enhance efforts funded through the GHP-State 

account. 

International Partnerships ($1,789 million including $1,695 GHP-State and $94 million GHP-USAID) 

	 $1,695 million GHP-State for a $1.65 billion contribution to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, 

Tuberculosis and Malaria and a $45 million contribution to UNAIDS. The contribution to the Global 

Fund will fulfill the Administration’s pledge of $4 billion during FY 2011 – FY 2013. The 

Administration is actively engaged with the Global Fund in pursuit of reforms that will improve 

performance and impact and aggressively address any evidence of corruption. More broadly, 

PEPFAR will continue to expand multilateral engagement with the goal of leveraging the work of 

multilateral partners to maximize the impact of country programs. 

	 $94 million GHP-USAID to support the Commodity Fund and major research with worldwide impact. 

Funding for the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) will support pre-clinical HIV vaccine 

discovery and design, and will advance HIV vaccine candidates into early-phase human trials at several 

sites in Africa. Funding for microbicides research activities will focus on advancing 1 percent 

tenofovir gel for HIV prevention through product approval and introduction. 

Oversight and Management ($182 million GHP-State) funding supports costs incurred by multiple 

U.S. Government agency headquarters including: supporting administrative and institutional costs; 

management of staff at headquarters and in the field; management and processing of cooperative 

agreements and contracts; and the administrative costs of the Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator. 

78
 

 

Technical Support, Strategic Information and Evaluation ($80 million GHP-State) funding supports central 

technical support and programmatic costs and strategic information systems that monitor program 

performance, track progress, and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. PEPFAR aims to support the 

expansion of the evidence base around HIV interventions, as well as broader health systems strengthening, 

in order to support sustainable, country-led programs. While not a research organization, PEPFAR works 

with implementers, researchers, and academic organizations to help inform public health and clinical 

practice. Technical leadership and direct technical assistance activities (including scientific quality 

assurance) are supported for a variety of program activities, including: antiretroviral treatment, prevention 

(including sexual transmission, mother-to-child transmission, medical transmission, and testing and 

counseling), and care (including programs for orphans and vulnerable children and people living with or 

affected by HIV/AIDS), as well as cross-cutting efforts such as human capacity development, training for 

health care workers, and supply chain management. 

Fighting Other Infectious Diseases 

While the GHI emphasizes two key areas where the U.S. Government can make a marked 

difference—saving mothers and children and creating an AIDS-free generation—U.S. Government efforts 

will also continue to combat other infectious diseases from which millions of people die or could die each 

year including tuberculosis, neglected tropical diseases, and pandemic influenza. The Request includes 

$344 million GHP-USAID for programs to fight other infectious diseases. 

Highlights: 

Tuberculosis (TB) ($224 million) funding for programs which address a disease that is the leading cause 

of death and debilitating illness for adults throughout much of the developing world. Globally, 1.4 million 

people die annually from TB, and there are 8.8 million new cases of TB each year. Annually, there are 

approximately 500,000 cases of multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB, which are difficult to cure and are often 

deadly. USAID program efforts focus on early diagnosis and successful treatment of disease to both cure 

individuals and prevent transmission to others. Funding priority is given to those countries that have the 

greatest burden of TB, and MDR-TB. Country-level expansion and strengthening of the Stop TB Strategy 

will continue to be the focal point of USAID’s TB program, including increasing and strengthening human 

resources to support the delivery of priority health services such as Directly Observed Treatment, Short 

Course (DOTS) implementation, preventing and treating TB/HIV co-infection, and partnering with the 

private sector in DOTS. In particular, USAID will continue to accelerate activities to address MDR and 

extensively drug resistant TB, including the expansion of diagnosis and treatment, and infection control 

measures. USAID collaborates with PEPFAR, other U.S. Government agencies, and the Global Fund to 

integrate health services and strengthen delivery platforms to expand coverage of TB/HIV co-infection 

interventions. 

Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) ($67 million) More than 1 billion people worldwide suffer from one 

or more neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), which cause severe disability, including permanent blindness, 

and hinder growth, productivity, and cognitive development. USAID focuses the majority of its NTD 

support on scaling-up preventive drug treatments for seven of the most prevalent NTDs, including 

schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, trachoma and three soil-transmitted helminthes. 

USAID programs will use an agency-tested and the World Health Organization (WHO)-approved 

integrated mass drug administration delivery strategy that will target affected communities, using drugs that 

have been proven safe and effective and can be delivered by trained non-health personnel. USAID 

centrally leverages the vast majority of the drugs through partnerships with several pharmaceutical 

companies, which donate close to a billion dollars worth of drugs each year. Expanding these programs to 

national scale will support acceleration of global efforts to eliminate lymphatic filariasis and blinding 

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trachoma. USAID will continue to work closely with the WHO and global partners to create an 

international NTD training course, standardized monitoring and evaluation guidelines for NTD programs, 

and ensure the availability of quality pharmaceuticals. 

Pandemic Influenza and Other Emerging Threats (PIOET) ($53 million) funding for programs that 

focus on mitigating the possibility that a highly virulent virus such as H5N1, H1N1, or another pathogen 

variant could develop into a pandemic. Nearly 75 percent of all new, emerging, or re-emerging diseases 

affecting humans at the beginning of the 21st century originated in animals (zoonotic diseases), 

underscoring the need for the development of comprehensive disease detection and response capacities that 

span the traditional domains of animal health, public health, ecology, and conservation. In particular, 

activities will expand surveillance to address the role of wildlife in the emergence and spread of new 

pathogens; enhance field epidemiological training of national partners; strengthen laboratory capability to 

address infectious disease threats; broaden ongoing efforts to prevent H5N1 transmission; and strengthen 

national capacities to prepare for the emergence and spread of a pandemic. 

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Development Assistance 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Development Assistance 2,519,950 2,519,950 2,525,500 5,550 

The FY 2013 Development Assistance (DA) request of $2,526 million supports the development principles 

outlined in the Presidential Policy Directive on Global Development (PPD-6), a policy framework that 

elevates global development as a key pillar of American power alongside defense and diplomacy. The 

FY 2013 request is designed to achieve the goals outlined in the PPD-6 by supporting programs focused on 

sustainable development, economic growth, democratic governance, game-changing development 

innovations, and sustainable systems for meeting basic human needs. Significant funds from this account 

support the Presidential Initiatives for Global Climate Change and Feed the Future. 

A key outcome of the PPD-6 is Partnerships for Growth (PfG), a coordinated U.S. government approach to 

enhanced engagement with countries that have demonstrated a strong commitment to democratic 

governance and sustainable development. By supporting well-governed countries with potential for 

broad-based economic growth, U.S. programs will help to seed a new generation of emerging markets, 

which in turn are likely to become trade and investment partners with the U.S. In FY 2013, the Department 

of State and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) will continue working with the initial 

PfG counties - El Salvador, Ghana, Philippines, and Tanzania - to promote broad-based economic growth. 

U.S. national security depends on the nation's ability to deal with the urgent, the important, and the 

long-term all at the same time. Programs funded by the DA account respond to longer-term challenges to 

human and economic security. These efforts - highlighted by fighting food insecurity, responding to 

climate change, and expanding economic growth - support the rise of capable new players who can help 

solve regional and global problems and help protect U.S. national security. 

DA-funded programs are coordinated with programs managed by the Millennium Challenge Corporation 

(MCC) and other international affairs agencies. As a mutually reinforcing array of foreign assistance 

activities, these programs advance and sustain overall U.S. development goals in targeted countries. 

Programs funded through this account represent the core United States contribution to international efforts 

working to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. In addition, programs will support the efforts of 

host governments and their private sector and non-governmental partners to implement the systemic 

political and economic changes needed for sustainable development progress. Requests for increases in 

individual bilateral DA programs focus on PfG countries that demonstrate commitment to improving 

transparent, accountable, and responsible governance, where U.S. assistance is most likely to produce 

significant and sustainable development results. 

In FY 2013, the DA request will fund programs in the areas of food security, climate change, basic and 

higher education, economic growth, governing justly and democratically, and expanded efforts in the areas 

of innovation, science and technology, and evaluation. 

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Highlights: 

The Administration’s principal priorities for DA funding in FY 2013 include: 

	 Feed the Future (FTF): As recently shown in the Horn of Africa crisis, investments in agricultural 

productivity are urgent. The President’s Feed the Future (FTF) initiative, a USAID-led, 

whole-of-government effort, is the primary vehicle through which the U.S. Government will pursue its 

food security objectives. The strategy for FTF starts with the recognition that food security is not just 

about food, but it is about all security - national security, economic security, environmental security, 

and human security. The FY 2013 request for FTF will fund the fourth year of this Presidential 

initiative. FTF programs focus on reducing long-term vulnerability to food insecurity in the Horn of 

Africa and elsewhere, strengthening the capacity of countries to anticipate and prevent hunger-related 

emergencies over time. 

FTF concentrates resources in focus countries whose selection is based on clear criteria to measure 

need and opportunity. These include a shared commitment to tackle food security, the preparation of 

national plans for poverty and hunger reduction, potential for regional agricultural trade, and the 

dedication of host government resources to meet the food security challenge. FTF investments 

address key constraints along the entire value chain - from improving on-farm productivity, to crop 

storage and handling, to increasing market access. Programs are integrated in order to capitalize on 

the synergies between agriculture, health, nutrition, water, and climate change. In crisis, conflict, and 

post-conflict stabilization settings, food aid-related programs contribute to sustainably reducing 

hunger, improving nutrition, and building resilience. 

Funding will also expand research and development (R&D) activities in order to increase the 

commercial availability and accessibility of the staples on which pastoralist populations depend. The 

initiative deploys both bilateral and multilateral mechanisms to leverage additional resources and 

deliver them more effectively to recipient countries. For example, funds maybe contributed in 

FY 2013 to the multi-donor Global Agriculture and Food Security Program, which has a public and 

private sector window, as occurred in FY 2011. 

	 Global Climate Change: Global climate change threatens the livelihoods of millions in developing 

countries, especially the poorest of these countries. The poor in developing countries are often the 

earliest and hardest hit by climate change, as they are heavily dependent on climate sensitive economic 

activities such as agriculture, fisheries, forestry, and tourism, and they lack the capacity to cope with 

economic or environmental shocks. For example, projected climate change impacts have the potential 

to reduce agricultural productivity, negatively impact fisheries, and undermine public health. 

Additionally, climate change poses national security challenges, especially from the destabilizing 

impact it can have on economies and governance. Strategic investments will help vulnerable 

populations adapt to the impacts of climate change and reduce net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. 

Funding will support programs in three pillar areas: adaptation, clean energy, and sustainable 

landscapes. Adaptation programs will assist countries to develop and implement effective strategies 

for reducing the impact of global climate change on vulnerable populations and increasing those 

populations' resilience. Adaptation programs focus on least-developed countries, glacier-dependent 

nations, and small island developing nations. Clean energy programs will include support for 

renewable energy, policy sector reform, increased efficiency, emissions inventories, and actions to 

reduce long-term emission trends in energy, industry, transportation, and buildings. Clean energy 

programs focus on major emerging economies and potentially large emitters by supporting the 

development and implementation of Low Emission Development Strategies (LEDS). Sustainable 

landscapes programs, focused in countries with globally-important forests, will reduce GHG emissions 

by helping countries analyze drivers of deforestation and develop plans to address them under the 

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LEDS program, build capacity to measure and monitor GHG emissions from forests, and build capacity 

and enhance rights for forest-dependent and indigenous communities to participate in and benefit from 

carbon finance opportunities. 

	 Education: Access to quality education is foundational to human development. It is critical to 

promoting long-term, broad-based economic growth, reducing poverty and inequality, improving 

health, and promoting participatory democracy. USAID’s education strategy addresses learning 

across the education spectrum, which includes basic education, higher education, and workforce 

development. The majority of education funding is for basic education, with a primary focus on 

reading acquisition in primary grades to achieve the goal of improving reading skills for 100 million 

children by 2015. Investments in workforce development and tertiary education that increase national 

capacity to support country development goals by 2015 are also critical. Finally, the strategy 

prioritizes increased equitable access to educational services for 15 million learners by 2015 in conflict 

or crisis contexts. Programs will be based on strategic choices that are cost-effective but provide 

impact on a national scale and are institutionally sustainable. Interventions will therefore stress 

quality that can be measured in student learning outcomes; access and equity; relevance to national 

development; systemic reform; and accountability for results. 

	 Economic Growth: Economic growth is essential to reducing the many dimensions of poverty, 

unlocking the full potential of individuals and communities, and enabling governments to provide basic 

public services effectively. The quality of economic growth matters as much as how it is generated. 

To be sustainable, growth must be widely shared; inclusive of all ethnic groups, women, and other 

marginalized groups; and compatible with the need to reduce climate change impacts and to manage 

natural and environmental resources responsibly. USAID economic growth programs will help 

countries develop the policies and practices they need to support rapid and sustainable economic 

growth. Economic policies, regulations, and approaches also affect countries’ ability to meet other 

development objectives. Funding will support programs that work with countries to improve the 

enabling environment for private investment, entrepreneurship, and broad-based economic growth by 

addressing issues such as property rights, business registration, administrative “red tape,” 

well-regulated competition, trade policies and trade capacity, and access to credit. 

	 Governing Justly and Democratically: Democracy, human rights, and governance are inseparable 

from other development goals. Without capable, transparent, accessible, and accountable public 

institutions, economic growth, broad-based opportunity, and key public services cannot be sustained. 

At the same time, citizens who enjoy access to services but do not live in a democratic society cannot 

realize the freedom and opportunity that true development implies. U.S. assistance will support 

democracy, human rights, and governance to consolidate democratic institutions, make governments 

more effective and responsive to their populations, and expand the number of countries which respect 

human rights and act responsibly in the international system. The focus of DA interventions in this 

area will be on new and fragile democracies, as well as on those that have committed through sound 

policies and practice to build effective, transparent, and accountable governments, particularly in 

sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Latin America to help ensure that they are able to deliver both political 

and socioeconomic benefits to their citizens. Programs will include efforts to increase political 

competition; strengthen civil society’s role in political, economic, and social life; support the free flow 

of information; promote government that is effective and legitimate; strengthen the rule of law; and 

advance anti-corruption measures. Programming will pursue specific goals, including (1) increasing 

the ability of government officials, law professionals, non-governmental organization affiliates, 

journalists, election observers, and citizens to strengthen the effectiveness, accountability, and 

participatory nature of democratic institutions within new and fragile democracies; (2) strengthening 

domestic human rights organizations, supporting public advocacy campaigns on human rights, and 

training domestic election observers in order to foster respect for human rights, increase citizens’ 

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political participation, and expand political competition in closed societies; and (3) promoting stability, 

reform, and recovery to lay the foundations for democratic governance in conflict and failed states. 

	 USAID Forward Initiatives: USAID Forward is a coordinated set of initiatives and reforms aimed at 

transforming USAID into a fully modern development enterprise, as called for in the PPD-6 and the 

Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review (QDDR). Funding will support initiatives on 

innovation, science and technology, and evaluation. The Development Innovation Ventures (DIV) 

program borrows from the private venture-capital model to invest resources in innovative high-risk, 

high-return development projects. DIV has the potential to produce breakthroughs that can serve as 

best practices in development, thereby transforming not just USAID’s program effectiveness but that of 

development agencies and developing country governments around the world. DA funds will also 

expand access to mobile banking technology, which has the potential to bring low-cost financial 

services and cashless transactions to millions of people, small businesses, and microenterprises. 

Funding will support Private Sector Alliances and Global Development Alliances, which can leverage 

additional outside resources and improve the sustainability of development interventions by attracting 

private-sector, market-driven resources for the long term. Science and technology funding supports a 

series of Grand Challenges for Development, as well as partnerships between American scientists and 

those in developing countries, and other efforts to bring the power of science to bear on major 

development problems. Central evaluation funds support the rebuilding of USAID’s capacity for 

performance monitoring and rigorous, relevant evaluation, including impact evaluations that directly 

measure the effectiveness of development interventions. 

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International Disaster Assistance 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

International Disaster Assistance 863,270 975,000 960,000 -15,000 

Enduring 863,270 825,000 960,000 135,000 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 150,000 - -150,000 

The FY 2013 International Disaster Assistance (IDA) request of $960 million will provide funds to save 

lives, reduce suffering, and mitigate and prepare for natural and complex emergencies overseas through 

disaster relief, rehabilitation, and reconstruction assistance, including that for transition to development 

assistance programs, and through disaster preparedness/risk reduction activities. Natural disasters, civil 

strife, the global economic downturn, food insecurity, and prolonged displacement of populations will 

continue to hinder the advancement of development and stability. The IDA request will enable the 

U.S. Government to meet humanitarian needs quickly and support mitigation and preparedness programs. 

The request includes up to $366 million for emergency food security, which may be used for local and 

regional purchase of food and other interventions, such as cash voucher and cash transfer programs to 

facilitate access to food. 

IDA funds benefit disaster- and conflict-affected individuals and internally displaced persons. By 

reducing the impact of disasters, IDA-funded programs alleviate suffering and save lives. This funding 

level will allow the United States to maintain a reasonable balance of resources to cover continuing 

complex emergencies, disaster risk reduction, and sufficient resources to respond to new disasters, 

including increased funding for the local and regional purchase of emergency food assistance. 

In addition, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is responsible for certain necessary 

recurring and non-recurring costs for providing U.S. disaster assistance under the Compact of Free 

Association between the United States and the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) and the Federated 

States of Micronesia (FSM).1 Recurring costs are approximately $1 million annually, funded from IDA.2 

These costs include pre-positioning of emergency relief supplies, full-time staff based in the region to 

coordinate with government officials in both FSM and RMI, and a cooperative agreement with the 

International Organization for Migration (IOM). 

1 Under the statutory framework of P.L. 108-188, as amended, and P.L. 110-229, the Federal Emergency Management Agency is unable to provide 

funding for USAID unless threshold damage for a Presidential Disaster Declaration occurs and a Declaration is made. USAID is responsible for 

costs incurred in anticipation of and/or in response to an event that does not result in a Declaration, as well as for necessary recurring costs not 

attributable to a Declaration. 

2 The USAID request includes additional recurring costs in Development Assistance for the Asia Bureau (see country entries for RMI and FSM). 

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Transition Initiatives 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Transition Initiatives 54,890 56,695 57,600 905 

Enduring 54,890 50,141 57,600 7,459 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 6,554 - -6,554 

The FY 2013 request of $57.6 million for the Transition Initiatives (TI) account will address opportunities 

and challenges facing conflict-prone countries and those countries making the transition from the initial 

crisis stage of a complex emergency to sustainable development and democracy. 

TI funds will support fast, flexible, short-term assistance to advance peace and democracy in countries that 

are important to U.S. foreign policy. Examples of assistance include promoting responsiveness of central 

governments to local needs, civic participation programs, media programs raising awareness of national 

issues, addressing underlying causes of instability, and conflict resolution measures. 

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Complex Crises Fund 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Complex Crises Fund 39,920 40,000 50,000 10,000 

Enduring 39,920 10,000 50,000 40,000 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 30,000 - -30,000 

The FY 2013 request of $50 million for the Complex Crises Fund (CCF) will be used to support activities to 

prevent or respond to emerging or unforeseen crises. The CCF was created in FY 2010 to regularize 

contingency funding previously received through transfers from the Department of Defense under Section 

1207 authority that has since expired. Managed by USAID, funds are targeted to countries or regions that 

demonstrate a high or escalating risk of conflict, instability, or an unanticipated opportunity for progress in 

a newly emerging or fragile democracy. Projects will aim to address and prevent root causes of conflict 

and instability through a whole-of-government approach and will include host government participation, as 

well as other partner resources, where possible and appropriate. The CCF has provided critical support for 

programs in Tunisia, Somalia, Kyrgyz Republic, Yemen, Sri Lanka, and Cote d’Ivoire. Up to $10 million 

may be transferred to the Department of State’s Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations. 

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Development Credit Authority 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Development Credit Authority - Subsidy [30,000] [40,000] [40,000] [0] 

Development Credit Authority - Administrative 

Expenses 

8,283 8,300 8,200 -100 

The FY 2013 request includes $40 million in Development Credit Authority (DCA) transfer authority to 

provide loan guarantees in all regions and sectors targeted by the U.S. Agency for International 

Development (USAID), and $8.2 million for DCA administrative expenses. DCA transfer authority 

allows field missions to transfer funds from USAID appropriation accounts to the DCA program account to 

finance the subsidy cost of DCA partial credit guarantees. These projects allow credit to be used as a 

flexible tool for a wide range of development purposes, and can help to promote broad-based economic 

growth in developing and transitional economies. DCA guarantees augment grant assistance by 

mobilizing private capital for sustainable development projects. In coordination with related technical 

assistance, it supports host countries in the financing of their own development. 

The ability of DCA projects to leverage assistance resources is significant. To date, DCA has been used to 

mobilize in excess of $2.3 billion in local private financing at a budget cost of $95 million. DCA transfer 

authority has enabled more than 67 USAID missions to enter into over 330 guarantee agreements in nearly 

every development sector. DCA projects have been effective in mobilizing resources for microenterprises, 

small- and medium-scale businesses, farmers, healthcare providers, and certain infrastructure sectors, most 

notably clean energy. In 2011, working directly with private partners and USAID field missions, DCA 

completed 37 transactions in 21 countries that will leverage up to $200 million in private capital for critical 

investments in agriculture, health, education, municipal infrastructure and other sectors. DCA also put 

into action a second-generation strategy that is more focused, flexible and connected to USAID’s 

top-development priorities. 

In FY 2013, DCA will continue to promote the flow of credit in all development sectors, including to 

microfinance institutions, small and medium enterprises, agriculture, energy efficiency projects, and 

municipalities. In addition, DCA intends to scale up the number of guarantees, particularly in support of 

key development priorities such as Feed the Future and the Global Health Initiative. DCA also will take 

advantage of growing municipal capacity and capital markets to expand support for successful 

sub-sovereign financing models. Lastly, DCA loan guarantees will be used to increase investments in 

environment and climate activities including sustainable forestry, adaptation and mitigation. 

In accordance with the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 (2 U.S.C. sec. 661), the request for credit 

administrative expenses will fund the total cost of development, implementation, and financial 

management of the DCA program, as well as the continued administration of USAID’s legacy credit 

portfolios, which amount to more than $18 billion. 

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Economic Support Fund 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Economic Support Fund 5,931,714 5,796,207 5,886,442 90,235 

Enduring 5,931,714 2,994,745 4,848,571 1,853,826 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 2,801,462 1,037,871 -1,763,591 

* FY 2012 Economic Support Fund - OCO includes a $40 million transfer from International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement - OCO. 

The FY 2013 Economic Support Fund (ESF) enduring request of $4,849 million advances U.S. interests by 

helping countries meet short- and long-term political, economic, and security needs. These needs are 

addressed through a range of activities, from countering terrorism and extremist ideology to increasing the 

role of the private sector in the economy; assisting in the development of effective, accessible, independent 

legal systems; supporting transparent and accountable governance; and the empowerment of citizens. 

Programs funded through this account are critical to U.S. national security because they prevent wars and 

contain conflicts, foster economic prosperity at home by opening markets overseas, promote U.S. exports, 

and help countries transition to developed economies. 

For the countries of Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia, the FY 2013 budget normalizes foreign assistance 

resources by requesting funding for programs formerly supported through the Assistance for Europe, 

Eurasia and Central Asia (AEECA) account in the ESF account as well as in the Global Health Programs 

(GHP) and International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE) accounts. 

Highlights: 

Sub-Saharan Africa ($562.2 million): The FY 2013 request includes funding for programs that 

strengthen effective democratic institutions and support conflict mitigation and reconciliation, basic 

education, and economic growth in key African countries. The focus countries in Africa include: 

	 South Sudan ($288.5 million): Despite the successful referendum, South Sudan faces significant 

development, infrastructure, and security challenges as Africa’s newest State. In the coming decade, 

significant donor assistance in developing governmental and civil society capacity and economic 

infrastructure will help to meet the high expectations that the South Sudanese have for their country, 

and assist them to advance towards a lasting democratic future. U.S. assistance to South Sudan in 

FY 2013 will accelerate progress in the critical areas of governance, rule of law, conflict mitigation, 

economic development, delivery of basic services, and security sector reform. 

	 Liberia ($105.2 million): The FY 2013 request will support police and justice sector reform, as the 

United Nations Mission in Liberia draws down and the newly elected government takes on greater 

security responsibilities. Funding will also be used to sustain health, water, governance, education, 

and agriculture programs, and expand infrastructure programs focused on developing the energy sector. 

	 Democratic Republic of the Congo ($50.1 million): The FY 2013 request will support conflict 

mitigation, the prevention and treatment of sexual and gender-based violence, basic education, 

agriculture, capacity building for the justice and media sectors in addition to legislature capacity 

building, and rule of law and civil protection programs so that the Government of the Democratic 

Republic of the Congo can provide for the basic needs of its citizens. 

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	 Sudan ($37.6 million): Peace and stability in Sudan are critical objectives of the United States, both 

in the context of resolving outstanding and post-Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) issues, as 

well as seeking an end to the conflict and improving conditions in Darfur. In the Three Areas, Darfur, 

and other marginalized areas, efforts will focus on peace building and conflict mitigation. Resources 

will help to establish and strengthen the capacity of state and local authorities to govern responsibly and 

deliver basic services to citizens. This will enable the state and local governments to serve the needs of 

the people, while creating stability and diminishing chances for a return to war and unrest. 

	 Zimbabwe ($23.6 million): The FY 2013 request will support respect for human rights, improving 

governance, increasing political competition and consensus building, strengthening civil society, 

improving food security, and supporting economic recovery. Support for Zimbabwe assumes that 

there will continue to be progress in reforming the political system under a transitional or new 

government that comes to power through free, fair, and transparent elections that represent the will of 

the Zimbabwean people. 

	 Cote d’Ivoire ($13.5 million): The FY 2013 request will support post-conflict programs focused on 

security sector reform; strengthening government, media, and civil society capacity to support national 

reconciliation and reintegration programs; promoting fair and credible elections to be held in 2013; and 

expanding health programs. 

East Asia and the Pacific ($55.8 million): The FY 2013 request includes funding to provide trade and 

investment opportunities that support economic growth in the United States, while strengthening 

democracy and economic development in the region. 

	 Burma ($27.2 million): In a time of remarkable change and opportunity, the FY 2013 request 

supports a focused U.S. policy that advocates reconciliation, democratization, and political opening in 

Burma. Guided by an extensive U.S. field review planned as a result of evolving conditions in Burma, 

ESF programs in Burma will focus on strengthening civil society, fostering ethnic reconciliation and 

democratic culture and practices, providing crisis assistance and recovery programs to Burmese 

refugees and internally displaced persons along the border, and continuing post-disaster recovery 

efforts in the Delta and other neglected areas of the country. As conditions evolve, funding may 

support economic transition initiatives. The FY 2013 request will continue to support humanitarian 

assistance in the impoverished Dry Zone of Central Burma, providing livelihoods, microfinance, and 

maternal and child health care to needy people. 

	 East Asia and Pacific Regional ($12 million): The FY 2013 request will support partnerships with 

key regional multilateral organizations such as the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Forum, 

the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and the ASEAN Regional Forum. Funds will 

also support the Lower Mekong Initiative (LMI). State leverages cooperation with these multilateral 

fora to strengthen U.S. engagement at the East Asia Summit, the region’s preeminent forum to discuss 

political and strategic issues. EAP Regional programs will leverage these important multilateral 

institutions to help maintain momentum for key economic priorities. These programs will also fulfill 

the President's commitments to the United States-ASEAN Enhanced Partnership, including supporting 

ASEAN’s economic integration goals that will increase trade and investment opportunities for 

U.S. businesses in Southeast Asia. 

Europe and Eurasia ($358.1 million): The FY 2013 ESF request for this region is focused on supporting 

U.S. efforts to stabilize and transition Southeastern Europe and the independent states of the former Soviet 

Union to become stable, pluralistic, and prosperous countries. Resources are also requested to support 

peace and reconciliation programs in Cyprus and Northern Ireland. 

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 Ukraine ($54 million): U.S. assistance aims to promote the development of a democratic, 

prosperous, and secure Ukraine, fully integrated into the Euro-Atlantic community as it struggles to 

overcome the effects of the global financial crisis and worsening backsliding on democratic reform. 

Funding will strengthen democratic institutions and processes, and accountable governance; support 

civil society, independent media, judicial reform, and anti-corruption efforts; improve conditions for 

investment and economic growth; help bring the damaged Chernobyl nuclear facility to an 

environmentally safe and stable condition; and improve energy security. 

 Georgia ($42.7 million): The funding requested in FY 2013 will focus on encouraging Georgia's 

democratization and developing its free-market economy. U.S. programs will help strengthen 

institutional checks and balances and the rule of law; develop a more vibrant civil society; strengthen 

political pluralism; bolster independent media and public access to information; increase energy 

security; promote the reforms necessary to foster economic development and attract foreign 

investment; and further social sector development. 

 Kosovo ($42.5 million): Funding will help still nascent institutions adjust to the challenges of 

effective governance; further the development of the justice sector; drive private-sector led economic 

growth through policy reform and support to key sectors; strengthen democratic institutions; and 

mitigate conflict by building tolerance among all Kosovo’s diverse communities. 

 Russia ($36.2 million): Assistance will support efforts by Russians to further democratic reforms 

through programs that provide support for civil society, independent media, the rule of law, human 

rights, and good governance; and will support Russia’s evolution towards becoming a global 

development partner. Conflict mitigation programs in the North Caucasus region will help foster 

development and curtail the spread of instability. 

 Bosnia and Herzegovina ($28.6 million): Funding will help Bosnia regain momentum toward 

Euro-Atlantic integration and improve its uneven progress on reform. U.S. assistance will help Bosnia 

develop its state-level institutions; strengthen the rule of law; foster a sound financial and regulatory 

environment to promote investment; increase the competitiveness of small and medium enterprises in 

targeted sectors; improve governance and delivery of justice at the sub-state level; build the capacity of 

local government and civil society; and address ethnic tensions. 

Near East ($1,394.4 million): The FY 2013 request includes funding to support democratic reform and 

political institution building in the Middle East and to help create economic opportunities for youth in the 

region. Funding will continue for programs that advance U.S. national security interests. 

	 West Bank and Gaza ($370 million): The FY 2013 request will continue to strengthen the 

Palestinian Authority (PA) and Palestinians as credible partners in Middle East peace while responding 

to humanitarian needs in Gaza. Assistance will provide significant resources to help build and 

maintain institutions and help support the economic development necessary for a future Palestinian 

state that can exist side-by-side with Israel in peace and security, while increasing the capacity of the 

PA to meet the needs of its people. Funding will be used to further the U.S. foreign policy goal of a 

two-state solution to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. 

	 Jordan ($360 million): The FY 2013 request supports the Government of Jordan’s capacity to 

advance its political, economic, and social reform agenda. Programs will encourage political and 

fiscal reforms, support private sector growth through job creation, build technical capacity of the 

national and local governments, and increase public participation in political processes. Assistance 

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92

will include a cross-cutting emphasis on poverty alleviation and youth and will support improvements 

in basic education, health, and water and sanitation services. Funds will also provide balance of 

payments support to the Jordanian Government to decrease its international debt. 

 Iraq ($262.9 million): The FY 2013 request will continue to support the President’s goal of a 

sovereign, stable, and self-reliant Iraq as the U.S. Government completes the transition from a military 

to civilian partnership. This request will support capacity building efforts in the central and provincial 

governments, fund anti-corruption programs, support internally displace populations, and promote 

broad-based economic growth and diversification, especially by developing Iraq’s agriculture sector 

and strengthening Iraq’s private sector economy. 

 Egypt ($250 million): The FY 2013 request will continue our longstanding partnership with Egypt 

by providing critical assistance during the momentous period surrounding the country’s democratic 

transition. Our programs will seek to support a successful transition to democracy while also assisting 

the government to address obstacles to sustainable economic growth and recovery. In partnership with 

the newly elected Egyptian government, U.S. assistance will support the development of democratic 

institutions; encourage broad-based private-sector growth and job creation through a focus on 

entrepreneurship, trade, and microenterprise development; build the capacity of civil society; promote 

democratic reform; and support improvements in education. The request also includes funds and 

required authorization language for the debt swap initiative’s support to visible, high-impact 

development projects that benefit Egyptians from all segments of society. 

 Lebanon ($70 million): The FY 2013 request supports Lebanese institutions that advance internal 

and regional stability, combat the influence of extremists, and promote transparency and economic 

growth. These goals support a peaceful Middle East and a direct enhancement of U.S. national 

security. The request includes assistance to promote Lebanon’s sovereignty and stability by 

strengthening credible and capable public institutions, and project support that will improve the quality 

of life for ordinary Lebanese and promote economic prosperity across sectarian lines. The 

United States continues to closely monitor developments in Lebanon, in particular the Government of 

Lebanon's adherence to international obligations and the rule of law. The program continues to 

emphasize the funding of non-governmental organizations. 

 Yemen ($38 million): The FY 2013 request will support political transition and constitutional 

reform, as well as women and youth. The request will support community livelihood programs, 

particularly for at-risk populations, and will fund key agriculture programs in an industry that 

historically accounts for two-thirds of Yemen’s employment. 

 Near East Regional Democracy ($30 million): The FY 2013 request will be used to expand and 

enhance existing Near East Regional Democracy-funded activities aimed at increasing the capacity of 

citizens and civil society in the region to hold their governments accountable. Programs also support 

cutting edge tools and requisite training that promote internet freedom and enhance the safe and 

effective use of communication technologies. As specific opportunities arise or new openings occur, 

additional focus areas may emerge that are in line with U.S. Government policy in the region. 

 Tunisia ($10 million): The FY 2013 request continues critical assistance mobilized to assist the 

Tunisians in laying the foundation for a stable and prosperous democratic Tunisia. Contributing to 

Tunisia’s democratic and economic evolution advances U.S. interests in a number of ways by helping 

to build a locally legitimate example of responsive and accountable governance, economic prosperity, 

and regional stability. The FY 2013 request expands and regularizes funding for continued support for 

governance, civil society, youth political and socio-economic engagement; academic linkages; and 

financial regulation reform activities that the U.S. Government initiated shortly after the revolution. 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

South and Central Asia ($1,839.2 million): The FY 2013 request includes funding to support greater 

regional integration, to increase economic reconstruction and development, and to continue democracy and 

governance efforts, and stabilization initiatives throughout both regions. 

	 Pakistan ($928.3 million): The FY 2013 request will support the implementation of the U.S. Civilian 

Assistance Strategy for Pakistan. Assistance will include short-term stabilization programs that 

provide immediate assistance to conflict-prone areas, as well as medium- to long-term development 

assistance programs that will further the foundation for a stable economy and a strong, moderate, 

competent, democratic government that exercises authority across all of its territory and is responsive 

to its people. Funding will focus on programs to help Pakistan address its energy challenges, increase 

economic growth including agriculture, help stabilize border areas, and improve delivery of social 

services, particularly education and health. Improving governance, accountability, and gender 

equality are a cross-cutting focus in all sectors. 

	 Afghanistan ($811.4 million): The FY 2013 request will support the long-term partnership between 

the United States and Afghan governments and people. In addition to ESF-OCO funding in 

Afghanistan, this request will help strengthen Afghanistan to be sufficiently resilient to withstand the 

longer term economic, security, and governance challenges associated with the transition to Afghan 

security lead and the drawdown of international forces. Key areas of support include economic 

growth, agriculture, health, education, rule of law, and improving governance, all areas critical to 

Afghanistan’s medium- and long-term development. 

	 Kyrgyz Republic ($32.8 million): U.S. assistance is focused on supporting newly-formed 

democratic institutions, and addressing the Kyrgyz Republic’s broad, underlying development 

challenges and chronic instability, which were exacerbated by the effects of the 2010 political upheaval 

and ethnic violence. Programs will work to bolster civil society and democratic institutions, support 

the rule of law, empower the private sector, strengthen food security, and address social issues such as 

education. 

	 Tajikistan ($19.1 million): U.S. assistance is focused on ensuring the stability of Tajikistan, 

particularly in light of the military drawdown in Afghanistan. Programs will seek to strengthen local 

governance and improve education. Funding will also be used to increase food security by seeking to 

solve systemic problems that contribute to food shortages such as inequitable access to water, 

inadequate supplies of seeds and fertilizer, a lack of modern technologies, and poor farm practices. 

Western Hemisphere ($434.2 million): The FY 2013 ESF request promotes four interconnected and 

broadly shared goals: expanded economic and social opportunity, citizen safety for all peoples, effective 

democratic governance and institutions, and a clean energy future. Foreign assistance to Mexico, Central 

America and the Caribbean secures U.S. borders by funding counterdrug and anti-crime initiatives. The 

investments in the Western Hemisphere are critical to deterring the reach of criminal organizations and 

gang violence throughout the region. Funding will be targeted strategically at economic development 

needs that help support regional security. Education and skills training programs for at-risk youth will 

address some of the root causes of criminal activity. Trade capacity building programs promote free trade, 

international investment, and economic partnerships with the region. 

	 Colombia ($155 million): The FY 2013 request supports Colombia’s efforts to expand state presence 

and the rule of law in key conflict and post-conflict zones. The request reflects Colombia’s 

nationalization efforts and its increased role as a regional contributor to hemispheric security and 

demonstrates a return on the success of previous U.S. investments. Continued U.S. assistance will 

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The Western Hemisphere Regional narrative was changed from the originally published text to reflect the correct 

levels for CARSI and CBSI.

ensure that important progress in rule of law, human rights, and economic and social development is 

sustained. ESF-supported programs will build on the security gains achieved, support alternative 

development, enhance the capabilities of justice personnel, strengthen the criminal justice system, 

support internally displaced persons and vulnerable populations, and expand economic opportunity. 

These programs will continue to be focused on carefully identified strategic geographic zones in 

which violence, illicit crop cultivation, and drug trafficking converge.

• Haiti ($141 million): Funding in the FY 2013 request will continue supporting the U.S. commitment 

to help rebuild infrastructure and capacity in Haiti. The request supports long-term development in 

the four strategic pillars of the Post-Earthquake U.S. Government Haiti Strategy and will focus on 

these key sectors: infrastructure and energy; food and economic security; health and other basic 

services; and governance and rule of law. The request provides support in these areas to help Haiti 

continue to rebuild and transform itself into a secure, prosperous, democratic nation that meets the 

needs of its people and contributes to regional stability. 

• Western Hemisphere Regional ($85.2 million): The FY 2013 request will support critical and 

multi-account efforts under the Central America Regional Security Initiative (CARSI) ($47.5 million) 

and the Caribbean Basin Security Initiative (CBSI) ($26.2 million), as well as other WHA economic 

growth and Summit of the Americas- related initiatives ($11.5 million). CARSI and CBSI are 

designed to build regional capacity to counter rising threats from drug trafficking and organized 

crime, strengthen law enforcement and rule of law institutions, and address the root causes of poverty 

and inequality. 

CARSI funding will support efforts to combat trafficking and transnational crime and strengthen 

Central America’s capacity to effectively administer the rule of law, with emphasis on reducing 

the significant levels of crime and violence in the Northern Triangle countries of El Salvador, 

Guatemala, and Honduras. Specifically, CARSI ESF will provide at-risk youth with educational 

and alternative opportunities to address underlying causes of crime and violence. 

In the Caribbean, CBSI ESF will help build and strengthen local capacity, provide alternatives to 

crime through development programs such as vocational training, and strengthen governance 

institutions and judicial systems in the region. Violence from Central America and the Caribbean 

directly impacts U.S. security. U.S. assistance addresses these threats and aids the U.S. national 

interest. 

In addition to CARSI and CBSI, ESF will support the Energy and Climate Partnership of the 

Americas, focusing particularly on integrating Central American energy sectors, electrical 

integration in the region, and climate change mitigation and adaptation. Finally, the funds will 

support trade capacity and economic growth efforts through Pathways to Prosperity and legacy 

CAFTA-DR programs and support the outcomes of the 2012 Summit of the Americas.

• Mexico ($35 million): The FY 2013 request will support our relationship with a new Mexican 

administration following elections in 2012. The United States will continue its partnership with 

Mexico and expand mutual cooperation under the Obama Administration’s Merida Initiative fourpillar approach to address security risks from drug trafficking, violent crime, and rule of law capacity 

in Mexico. Specifically, ESF funding will focus on strengthening and institutionalizing reforms to 

improve the rule of law and respect for human rights and build strong and resilient communities able 

to withstand the pressures of crime and violence. A more stable Mexico will increase the 

United States' national security, unlock economic growth potential, and protect U.S. citizens along 

our shared border.
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

	 Cuba ($15 million): The FY 2013 request will support fundamental freedoms and respect for basic 

human rights. Programs will support humanitarian assistance to political prisoners and their families, 

strengthen independent Cuban civil society, and promote basic freedoms, particularly freedom of 

expression. 

	 Venezuela ($3 million): The FY 2013 request will help strengthen and support a Venezuelan civil 

society that will protect democratic space and seek to serve the interests and needs of the Venezuelan 

people. Funding will assist civil society and human rights organizations. 

Global Programs ($204.8 million): The FY 2013 ESF request funds programs that are implemented 

worldwide. 

	 Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs (OES) ($101 million): As part of 

the Global Climate Change Initiative (GCCI), OES programming complements U.S. diplomatic efforts 

on climate change in the formal multilateral climate negotiations process as well as other for the Clean 

Energy Ministerial and Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate. FY 2013 funds will support 

multilateral adaptation efforts through the Least Developed Countries Fund and Special Climate 

Change Fund; clean energy through programs such as the Methane-to-Markets Partnership, other 

efforts on short-lived climate forcers, and the Renewables and Efficiency Deployment Initiative 

(Climate REDI); and sustainable landscapes and forests through the World Bank Forest Carbon 

Partnership Facility and related initiatives. Outside of the GCCI, funds will support assistance to the 

Pacific Islands associated with the South Pacific Tuna Treaty. This treaty promotes American jobs 

and economic development in the important Pacific region. In addition, OES Partnerships funds will 

be used to promote cooperation and build global capacity for sound stewardship of environmental and 

natural resources in concert with global economic growth and social development. 

	 Human Rights and Democracy Fund ($64 million): Through the implementation of innovative 

programs and use of new technologies, the FY 2013 request will address human rights abuses globally, 

wherever fundamental rights are threatened; encourage open political space in struggling or nascent 

democracies and authoritarian regimes; support civil society activists worldwide; and protect 

populations that are at risk, including women, indigenous populations, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and 

transgendered people. Programs will target protection of universal human rights, with a specific focus 

on ensuring the rights of traditionally marginalized populations, including people with disabilities and 

minority religious communities; support independent media and Internet Freedom; advance respect for 

workers’ rights; and promote human rights practices in the global business environment. 

	 Energy Resources ($14.3 million): The new Bureau of Energy Resources (ENR) was established in 

November 2011 in response to the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review's call for a bureau 

that unites diplomatic and programmatic activities in the energy sector, including the reduction of 

energy poverty. The FY 2013 request will support improved energy sector governance, technical and 

regulatory engagement to build awareness of the challenges involved in developing unconventional 

resources, electric power market reform and development, energy market investment, and analytical 

support. These programs will support the GCC initiative’s clean energy goals and the continuation of 

the Energy Reform and Development Program. 

	 Economic Growth, Agriculture and Trade (EGAT) ($13.5 million): The requested funds will 

promote domestic finance for development by working with countries that have demonstrated a 

commitment to reform in the areas of fiscal transparency and revenue generation. EGAT will also 

support U.S. export promotion by focusing on where improvements can have a catalytic impact on a 

developing nation’s ability to conduct cross-border trade. Economic growth is key to U.S. national 

95
security and the foundation of America’s strength. The Department of State and the U.S. Agency for 

International Development build economic prosperity at home by opening markets overseas, promoting 

U.S. exports, and helping countries transition from developing to developed economies. 

	 Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) ($10.5 million): The requested funds will enable the new 

Bureau of Counterterrorism (CT) to engage in activities that provide alternatives to persons at risk of 

recruitment into violent activity in hot-spots of radicalization. These activities will undermine the Al 

Qaeda narrative, counter its messaging, and provide support to credible voices to counter radicalization 

and recruitment into violent activity. CVE activities improve partners’ capacity—both governments 

and civil society—to counter extremism and address radicalization leading to violence. 

Details of the FY 2013 OCO Request for ESF are addressed in the OCO chapter. 

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Migration and Refugee Assistance 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Migration and Refugee Assistance 1,694,604 1,875,100 1,625,400 -249,700 

Enduring 1,694,604 1,646,100 1,625,400 -20,700 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 229,000 - -229,000 

The international humanitarian programs of the U.S. Government provide critical protection and assistance 

to some of the world’s most vulnerable people: refugees, internally displaced persons (IDPs), stateless 

persons, vulnerable migrants, and victims of conflict. Reflecting the American people’s dedication to 

assisting those in need, programs funded through the Migration and Refugee Assistance (MRA) account 

save lives and ease suffering while upholding human dignity. They help stabilize volatile situations and 

prevent or mitigate conditions that breed extremism and violence, and are an essential component of 

U.S. foreign policy. The FY 2013 MRA request of $1,625 million will fund contributions to key 

international humanitarian organizations such as the UN High Commissioner for Refugees and the 

International Committee of the Red Cross, as well as contributions to non-governmental organization 

partners to address pressing humanitarian needs overseas and to resettle refugees in the United States. 

These funds support programs that meet basic needs to sustain life; provide protection and assistance to the 

most vulnerable, particularly women and children and the elderly; assist refugees with voluntary 

repatriation, local integration, or permanent resettlement in a third country; and foster the humane and 

effective management of international migration policies. 

Highlights: 

	 Overseas Assistance ($1,265.4 million): In both emergencies and protracted situations overseas, 

humanitarian assistance helps refugees, IDPs, stateless persons, conflict victims, and other vulnerable 

migrants to meet their basic needs and enables them to begin rebuilding their lives. Such support will 

include the provision of life-sustaining services, including water and sanitation, shelter, and healthcare, 

as well as programs that provide physical and legal protection to vulnerable beneficiaries and assist 

refugees to voluntarily return to their homes in safety or, when that is not an option, integrate into their 

host communities as appropriate. 

	 Refugee Admissions ($310 million): Resettlement is a key element of refugee protection and efforts 

to find solutions to refugee displacement when repatriation and local integration are not viable 

solutions. As the world’s largest resettlement country, the United States welcomes the most 

vulnerable refugees from a diverse array of backgrounds. Through non-governmental organization 

partners, these funds will help refugees and certain other categories of special immigrants to resettle in 

communities across the United States. 

	 Humanitarian Migrants to Israel ($15 million): This funding will maintain U.S. Government 

support for relocation and integration of Jewish migrants, including those from the former Soviet 

Union, Eastern Europe, and Africa, to Israel. 

	 Administrative Expenses ($35 million): The Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration is 

responsible for the oversight of all programs funded through the MRA appropriation. Funds requested 

for FY 2013 will be used to ensure sound stewardship of resources and maximum impact for 

97
 

beneficiary populations and American taxpayers by stressing accountability and transparency in its 

management and monitoring of these critical humanitarian programs. The largest portion of 

Administrative Expenses will cover the salary, benefits, and travel costs of U.S. direct hire staff, 

including regional refugee coordinators posted in U.S. Embassies around the world. 

98
 

 

U.S. Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

U.S. Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance 49,900 27,200 50,000 22,800 

The Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund (ERMA) serves as a contingency fund from which 

the President can draw down in order to respond effectively to humanitarian crises in an ever-changing 

international environment. The FY 2013 request of $50 million will maintain the ability of the 

United States to respond quickly to future urgent and unexpected refugee and migration needs. 

In FY 2011, $52.6 million was provided from ERMA to address various humanitarian emergencies, 

including assisting refugees, internally displaced persons, vulnerable migrants, and other victims of conflict 

in Côte d’Ivoire, Libya, and the Horn of Africa. 

99
 

 

 

Middle East and North Africa Incentive Fund 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Middle East and North Africa Incentive Fund - - 770,000 770,000 

The events unfolding in the Middle East and North Africa are the pre-eminent foreign policy challenge of 

our time. The President’s May 2011 speech signaled a fundamental shift in our engagement with the 

region, in recognition that the stability and security we seek will only come through sustained reforms that 

respond to the aspirations of the region’s citizens. Our support for dignity, opportunity, and 

self-determination must be matched by actions that affirm our support. We have an opportunity to recast 

our assistance posture toward one that promotes economic and political foundations for democracy, and 

builds new partnerships with the citizens who will shape their countries’ futures. If we fail, we risk 

reinforcing public cynicism and losing influence in a region critical to U.S. interests. If we succeed, we 

have a very real opportunity to help generate lasting stability, security, and prosperity that will provide a 

firmer foundation for the pursuit of U.S. strategic interests and will reduce the risk that future instability 

will require us to commit greater resources there in the long term. 

Achieving these outcomes requires both committing resources commensurate with the challenge and 

changing the way we do business in the region, including our approach to assistance. Ongoing bilateral 

funding in the region is being re-aligned to meet new requirements and to address continuing security 

commitments and challenges. Ongoing regional programs that support reforms and promote civic 

engagement will continue to help sustain demand for change. And, the request includes a new Middle East 

and North Africa (MENA) Incentive Fund to complement traditional bilateral and regional programs and to 

provide a framework that will support lasting reform. 

The new Fund capitalizes on the opportunities presented by the Arab Spring, supporting those countries that 

are moving to undertake the democratic and economic reforms necessary to address citizens’ demands and 

provide lasting stability in the region. The approach of an incentive-based Fund will ensure that additional 

assistance is tied to reforms. This Fund puts into practice the President’s strategy in the region, provides 

support to citizen demands for change, improves our ability to respond adroitly to contingencies and new 

opportunities, and begins to address the imbalance between our security and economic assistance in the 

region. The Fund will also provide the United States with additional tools to work with our international 

partners to support changes in the MENA region (for example, through the G-8 Deauville Partnership), 

allowing us to use our investment to leverage international resources. 

The primary purpose of the Fund is to advance democratic, institutional, and economic reform by MENA 

governments, based on incentives and with conditions that would be clearly and transparently laid out. 

The Fund will also ensure local accountability for reform commitments through support for civil society 

actors. The entry-point for governments wishing to access these resources will be public political and/or 

economic reform plans, incentivized by the prospect of resources for high-impact projects and activities 

demonstrating significant economic returns or democratic progress. The MENA Incentive Fund will 

complement bilateral assistance but will not be allocated at the outset to any specific countries. The 

allocations will be based on reform agendas and agreements. The MENA Incentive Fund may provide 

assistance bilaterally, regionally, or through contributions to multilateral initiatives with other donors. 

These kinds of long-term incentive programs that are based on negotiated agreements will require 

authorities to use a range of tools and longer availability periods. They will promote two primary 

outcomes in transitioning MENA countries: 

100
 

 

 

	 Effective, democratic governance and vibrant civil societies – The Fund will provide support and 

incentives for countries in transition to help ensure governments acquire power through transparent, 

competitive, and inclusive processes; to establish transparent, predictable, and accountable public 

governance under the rule of law, with equal access for all; to actively engage citizens, the private 

sector, and civil society in public decision-making, including through rights to organize, assemble, 

speak, and access information on- and off-line; and to respect fundamental human rights for all. 

	 Inclusive, market-based economic growth – The MENA Incentive Fund will promote, incentivize, and 

support legal, regulatory, and policy reforms and investments that will enhance broad-based economic 

opportunity, characterized by equitable, transparent, and predictable access to local, regional, and 

global capital and markets; regional trade integration; facilitation of entrepreneurship and the creation 

of small and medium enterprises; investments in science, technology, and innovation; support for 

domestic and international private sector investment; and innovative approaches to development 

finance, including domestic resource mobilization and leveraging private sector resources for 

capital-intensive investments that yield sustainable and broad economic benefits to states and their 

citizens. For example, the MENA Incentive Fund could be used to finance later tranches of the Egypt 

debt initiative announced by the President in May 2011 and authorized by Congress in the FY 2012 

Consolidated Appropriations Act. 

Secondly, this Fund will also allow us to respond to emerging opportunities to support early transitions so 

that nascent reforms can continue. Our response in 2011 to unfolding events demonstrated the need for 

funding in critical early periods. We re-allocated approximately $500m in existing funds to transitions in 

2011 at a great opportunity cost. The MENA Incentive Fund will provide the capacity to support interim 

governments and civil society at times of transition and allow us to respond to unanticipated needs. These 

stabilization requirements may range from humanitarian and peacekeeping needs to fiscal space and early 

security sector reforms. 

Finally, a key element of our ability to engage effectively in the region is our regional program platforms. 

The MENA Incentive Fund, therefore, includes the base funding for the Middle East Partnership Initiative 

(MEPI), $65 million, and the Office of Middle East Programs (OMEP), $5 million. MEPI cultivates 

locally-led change through civil society support in every country of the MENA region where we have a 

diplomatic presence, while OMEP provides surge capacity and region-wide scope for our development 

activities that respond to regional transition and reform. These programs were previously funded by the 

ESF account. 

101
 

 

Peace Corps 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Peace Corps 374,250 375,000 374,500 -500 

The FY 2013 budget request for the Peace Corps of $374.5 million, of which $5 million is for the Office of 

Inspector General, will allow the Peace Corps to meet its statutory goals and requirements while continuing 

the sweeping reforms and improvements that have been put in place over the past few years. 

In 1961, President John F. Kennedy launched an innovative program to spearhead progress in developing 

countries and to promote world peace and friendship between the American people and peoples overseas. 

From its start, the Peace Corps has had three goals: to help the people of interested countries in meeting 

their need for trained men and women; to help promote a better understanding of Americans on the part of 

the peoples served; and to help promote a better understanding of other peoples on the part of Americans. 

More than fifty years later, the agency’s dedication to and record of achieving these goals continue amidst 

an increasingly complex world. 

The agency’s approach to achieving these goals is unique in the U.S. government. Volunteers spend 27 

months living and working in areas that other programs are often unable to reach. During their service, 

Volunteers do not just work with the community; they become part of it. They eat the same food, live in 

the same kind of housing, speak the same language, and use the same transportation as other members of the 

community. By doing so, Volunteers build mutual trust and respect, and are able to advance the 

development needs of the host country – and promote a positive view of Americans – more effectively. 

Volunteers serve only in those countries where the Peace Corps has been invited by the host government. 

The Peace Corps’ FY 2013 request will fund approximately 6,600 American Peace Corps Volunteers in 

more than 70 countries in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Latin America, North 

Africa, the Middle East, and the Pacific islands. 

The medium- and long-term development outcomes of these projects contribute to more stable 

communities, build strong people-to-people relationships, and expand the number of sustainable 

partnerships between the United States and other countries. These partnerships foster collaboration on a 

range of critical global issues, building a crucial foundation for peace and friendship for years to come. 

Volunteers’ service to our country continues long after they have left the Peace Corps. Many returned 

Volunteers use their training and experience to become leaders in society, in areas ranging from private 

industry to development work, and from community service to Congress. The skills that Volunteers 

acquire while serving abroad—whether fluency in a foreign language, complex problem-solving, or 

familiarity with a foreign culture—are invaluable to the United States, as is the commitment to public 

service that the Peace Corps instills. Ultimately, the investment that we make in our Volunteers is repaid 

many times over, at home and abroad. 

102
 

 

 

Millennium Challenge Corporation 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Millennium Challenge Corporation 898,200 898,200 898,200 -

The FY 2013 request of $898.2 million will allow the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) to 

continue to make significant contributions to the Administration’s foreign policy priorities, including 

advancing the Presidential Policy Directive on Global Development and strengthening food security. This 

funding will help high performing low income and lower-middle income countries reduce poverty, develop 

markets, and strengthen democratic governance. 

MCC contributes to country-led and results-focused development through five-year compact assistance 

programs which are designed to maximize sustainable poverty reduction by fostering economic growth. 

MCC also supports smaller 2-3 year Threshold Programs that address constraints to economic growth. 

Across its portfolio, MCC emphasizes results and transparency. For all major compact investments, MCC 

estimates Economic Rates of Return to assess the economic viability and return of proposed investments, 

and transparently posts the results on its website. MCC also works with partner countries to develop 

detailed monitoring and evaluation plans for compacts and tracks the progress of its compacts and projects 

against defined benchmarks and outcomes, also available on MCC’s website. 

The first step in MCC’s grant making process is for MCC’s Board of Directors (Board) to determine which 

countries MCC should partner with through either a Compact or Threshold program. When making 

eligibility determinations the Board starts with a list of countries that are candidates for MCC funding on 

the basis of per capita income and assesses the countries’ performance on twenty independent and 

transparent policy indicators in three categories: ruling justly, investing in people, and economic freedom. 

In addition to the policy performance indicators, the Board factors in the availability of funds to MCC and 

the ability to reduce poverty and improve economic growth in a particular country into the compact 

eligibility determination. After the Board selects countries as compact eligible, MCC works with selected 

countries to assist in the development of a compact. Compact countries are principally responsible for 

identifying and prioritizing their own barriers to poverty reduction and economic growth and conduct 

public consultations across the private sector and civil society to ensure that there is widespread public 

support for compact investments. Such engagement bolsters democratic governance and transparency as 

well as the country’s ownership of its development progress. Placing countries in charge of their own 

development—country ownership—can be difficult in light of capacity constraints, but MCC believes it is 

the best way to achieve sustainable results. 

Since 2004, MCC has signed 24 compacts and 23 threshold agreements, committing over $9.3 billion to 

worldwide poverty reduction through results-driven programs built on measureable and transparent 

objectives. Thanks to MCC development programs, training for more than 188,000 farmers has boosted 

productivity and food security, and completion of more than 1,162 kilometers of roads now provide 

improved access to markets, schools, and health clinics, among other results. 

MCC will sign a second compact with Cape Verde in February 2012 and is in the process of working with 

Zambia to develop a first compact, and with Ghana and Georgia for a second compact. MCC anticipates 

using FY 2013 funding for second compacts with El Salvador and Benin. These investments are examples 

of “smart aid” and will help to foster stability through economic growth and poverty reduction with these 

strategic and high performing partners. 

103
 

 

Inter-American Foundation 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Inter-American Foundation 22,454 22,500 18,100 -4,400 

The FY 2013 request of $18.1 million for the Inter-American Foundation (IAF) will enable the agency to 

provide targeted, small-dollar investments to help marginalized, poor communities in the Western 

Hemisphere undertake their own development initiatives. Due to budgetary constraints, the FY 2013 

budget cuts the IAF’s funding by nearly 20 percent. Despite these cuts, the IAF will seek to maintain its 

current program level by pursuing partnership opportunities with other U.S. Government agencies, the 

private sector and by further reducing overhead costs. In FY 2013, the IAF will support U.S. Government 

priorities and interests in Latin America and the Caribbean to reduce poverty, strengthen the practice of 

democracy, contribute to an environment of increased personal security, and foster better economic 

development by supporting projects that create jobs, increase incomes, improve food security, encourage 

civic engagement, promote sustainable agricultural practices, preserve the environment, and improve 

access to water, utilities and basic housing. 

Through its 40 years of experience, the IAF has developed specialized expertise in identifying and investing 

in poor and marginalized groups that have the capacity to advance their own communities. The IAF 

coordinates with other U.S. Government agencies and levers private contributions from local partners and 

community beneficiaries to further strengthen its community-based development approach. As a result, 

the IAF’s investment of nearly $700 million has enabled grantees to mobilize nearly $1 billion more from 

local, regional, and private sources. 

The IAF will continue to leverage development resources into long-term, strategic benefits for the poor in 

order to maximize the impact of U.S. Government dollars. One example is the IAF-initiated business 

sector network, RedEAmérica. Through this initiative, Latin American corporate foundations direct an 

additional two dollars for every dollar invested by the IAF in grassroots organizations. This initiative has 

helped corporate partners move beyond charitable philanthropy to more strategic investments that promote 

long-term, self-help development. Similarly, by sharing their experience and expertise with community 

foundations, hometown associations, and other diaspora groups, the IAF has helped channel more resources 

into effective development projects that deliver concrete results in communities with the greatest need. 

The IAF will complement and enhance the value of investments made by other U.S. foreign assistance 

agencies by helping grassroots groups recognize and take advantage of infrastructure and other large-scale 

investments or new trade opportunities. 

104
 

African Development Foundation 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

African Development Foundation 29,441 30,000 24,000 -6,000 

The FY 2013 request of $24 million will permit the African Development Foundation (ADF) to provide 

direct economic development assistance to marginalized populations in conflict and post-conflict areas in 

Africa. Grant funds are provided directly to community groups to improve local food production and 

processing capabilities, and to address other locally identified development needs. While the budget 

proposes a 20 percent budget cut for the ADF, the Foundation will seek to maintain its current 

programmatic levels by continuing to reduce its overhead costs and pursuing partnership opportunities with 

the private sector and other U.S. Government agencies. 

As an independent federal agency, ADF was established to respond quickly and in a cost-effective manner 

to African designed and managed development solutions at the grassroots level. ADF provides grants of 

up to $250,000 directly to community groups, agricultural cooperatives, and small enterprises in Africa. 

Over 75 percent of ADF programming is focused on agriculture development and food security. These 

grants help organizations increase the number of jobs in African communities, improve family income 

levels, and address social development needs. ADF also funds African non-governmental organizations in 

each country to provide technical assistance to grantees. This approach improves the outcome of each 

project grant. 

105
 

 

Treasury Technical Assistance and Debt Restructuring 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Treasury Technical Assistance and Debt Restructuring 75,348 39,000 275,448 236,448 

Technical Assistance - Enduring 25,448 25,448 25,448 -

Technical Assistance - Overseas Contingency 

Operations - 1,552 - -1,552 

Debt Restructuring - Enduring 49,900 12,000 250,000 238,000 

Treasury Technical Assistance 

The FY 2013 request includes $25.4 million for Treasury’s Office of Technical Assistance (OTA). This is 

equal to the FY 2012 base funding level, but does not include a request for Overseas Contingency 

Operations (OCO). The FY 2013 request would enable OTA to maintain its current footprint of technical 

assistance programs globally. OTA helps finance ministries and central banks of developing countries 

strengthen their capacity to manage public finances and mobilize domestic resources. OTA also helps 

countries develop anti-money laundering regimes and fight corruption. 

Debt Restructuring 

The FY 2013 budget includes $250 million for the debt restructuring account to meet potential 

U.S. bilateral debt relief commitments under the Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) framework. 

Specifically, Treasury anticipates that Sudan could become eligible and reach HIPC decision point in 

FY 2013. The $250 million request reflects the estimated budget cost of forgiving 100 percent of Sudan's 

outstanding debt to the United States (currently $2.4 billion). Prior to obligating funds for HIPC treatment 

of Sudan’s debt, the U.S. will require progress on various fronts that we have identified as pre-conditions 

for any U.S. support for debt relief. These pre-conditions include fulfillment of the agreement reached by 

the governments of Sudan and South Sudan under the Comprehensive Peace Agreement. The obligation of 

funds will also depend on Sudan’s ability to meet current legislative requirements tied to HIPC debt relief, 

including determinations on human rights and state sponsorship of terrorism. 

Given the uncertainty of the situation in Sudan at the time of this submission, Treasury is also requesting 

transfer authority that would enable the Department to repurpose these funds to help meet other multilateral 

assistance commitments in the event that Sudan is not likely to reach the HIPC decision point. 

106
 

 

 

International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement 1,593,806 2,004,705 2,506,502 501,797 

Enduring 1,593,806 1,061,100 1,456,502 395,402 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 943,605 1,050,000 106,395 

* FY 2012 includes a transfer of $40 million to Economic Support Fund - OCO. 

The FY 2013 International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE) request of $1,457 million 

will continue to support country and global programs critical to combating transnational crime and illicit 

threats, including efforts against terrorist networks in the illegal drug trade and illicit enterprises. INCLE 

funded programs seek to close the gaps between law enforcement jurisdictions and strengthen law 

enforcement institutions that are weak or corrupt. Significant INCLE funds are focused where security 

situations are most dire, and where U.S. resources are used in tandem with host country government 

strategies in order to maximize impact. 

The INCLE request recognizes that criminal networks are disrupting licit productivity and individual 

security throughout the globe and continues to address concerns in the Western Hemisphere, South Central 

Asia, and Near East Asia, and also focuses on emerging threats in Central Asia and Africa. The FY 2013 

request also includes funding for “front line” countries (i.e. Afghanistan and Pakistan). 

For the countries of Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia, the FY 2013 budget normalizes foreign assistance 

resources by requesting funding for programs formerly supported through the Assistance for Europe, 

Eurasia and Central Asia (AEECA) account in the INCLE account as well as in the Global Health Programs 

(GHP) and Economic Support Fund (ESF) accounts. 

Highlights: 

Africa 

 South Sudan ($27.4 million): Funding will be used to develop the capacity of the South Sudanese to 

provide security in support of the rule of law in a post-referendum setting. Funds will provide 

technical assistance and training for South Sudan’s criminal justice sector officials, and contribute 

toward UN civilian police and formed police units in South Sudan. 

 Liberia ($15.7 million): In order to continue Liberia’s transition to peace and security, assistance will 

continue to fund a U.S. civilian police contribution to the United Nations Mission in Liberia and 

increase critical bilateral support to the Liberia National Police and justice reform projects. Advisors 

will provide training and mentorship on a range of issues such as investigation skills, leadership, and 

sexual and gender-based violence. 

 Africa Regional ($17.5 million): Funding includes three programs covering different regions in 

Africa that focus on countering terrorism and reducing transnational threats: the Trans-Sahara 

Counter-terrorism Partnership (TSCTP), the Partnership for Regional East African Counter Terrorism 

(PREACT), and the West Africa Regional Initiative (WARSI). 

107
 

 

 

Europe 

	 Kosovo ($10.7 million): U.S. assistance will support efforts to increase the capacity, professionalism, 

and accountability of law enforcement and justice sector institutions. Funds will be used to support the 

U.S. contribution to the European Union’s rule of law mission (EULEX), continue efforts to create and 

institutionalize democratic legal structures that meet international standards, and improve Kosovo’s 

ability to investigate and prosecute war crimes and organized crime and corruption cases. 

	 Bosnia and Herzegovina ($6.7 million): Funding will support programs designed to strengthen and 

professionalize Bosnian law enforcement and justice sector institutions, bolstering prosecutorial and 

police capacity. Specifically, funds will support efforts to increase the investigative and trial advocacy 

capacity of state and sub-state level prosecutors, including those charged with pursuing organized and 

financial crimes. Resources will also be used to support training for court police, and capacity 

building for law enforcement and tax institutions critical to combating money laundering, terrorist 

financing, and other complex crimes. 

Near East 

	 West Bank/Gaza ($70 million): The focus of the security sector portion of the program will continue 

to shift from predominantly “train and equip” to “sustain and maintain.” Funds will support efforts to 

reform and sustain the security sector by providing technical assistance and infrastructure support to the 

Palestinian Authority Security Forces, and by providing the Ministry of Interior with technical 

assistance and program support to improve its ability to manage the security forces, with continued 

training and equipment donations included to ensure a successful transition. Additional training, 

equipment, infrastructure support, and technical assistance will be provided for the justice and 

corrections sectors to ensure their development keeps pace with the increased performance of the 

security forces. 

	 Lebanon ($15.5 million): Support for Lebanon’s security forces is a key component of U.S. efforts to 

strengthen the institutions of the Lebanese state, promoting stability and security in both Lebanon and 

the region. FY 2013 funding will be used to provide technical assistance and advice to the Internal 

Security Forces (ISF) to increase their professionalism and continue their orientation toward the 

protection of, and service to, the Lebanese population, while continuing to improve country-wide 

perceptions of the ISF as a professional, non-sectarian institution. The program will also continue to 

improve the capacity of the ISF to exert sovereign authority throughout Lebanese territory, including in 

Palestinian refugee camps, which are critical to the successful implementation of UNSCR 1701. 

	 Tunisia ($8 million): Under former President Ben Ali, the police, courts, and prisons were used by 

the government as a tool to silence and intimidate regime opposition rather than to promote public 

security or bring criminals to justice. Supporting Tunisia’s efforts to establish more transparent, 

accountable, and effective criminal justice institutions, particularly a police that serves citizens and an 

independent judiciary, is critical for its successful transition to democracy. The U.S. program 

assistance will do so by: supporting a police reform process aimed at building the capacity of Tunisia to 

combat corruption; supporting Tunisia’s efforts to make civilian law enforcement institutions more 

accountable and transparent; enhancing the professionalism, independence, and accountability of the 

judiciary; and enhancing the capacity of the Tunisian correctional system to manage prisons and 

detention centers in a safe, secure, humane, and transparent fashion. 

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	 Egypt ($7.9 million): Recent unrest in Egypt draws attention to the important role of police reform in 

Egypt’s post-Mubarak transition and the need for effective, democratic security institutions. The 

Egyptian response to this situation is complicated by a security apparatus that suffers from a credibility 

deficit with the public, and the need for training and institutional procedures to help build public trust to 

carry out a new mission of maintaining public security and safety. FY 2013 INCLE assistance will be 

used to support criminal justice sector reforms in the police and justice sectors to help Egypt develop 

institutions that are professional, accountable and responsive to the public. 

South and Central Asia 

	 Afghanistan ($400 million): The FY 2013 enduring request for Administration of Justice funding 

focuses on strengthening the justice and corrections systems, promoting civil society to create a 

demand for legal rights and rule of law programs, and helping to protect at-risk populations, 

particularly women and children. Funds will continue advisory support and training programs at 

provincial and central prisons with teams focusing on capacity building, rehabilitation of inmates 

through vocational and educational training, and initiatives for women and juveniles. Funds will also 

support ongoing efforts, partnering with the Afghan Government, to build a safe, secure, and humane 

Afghan corrections system with an embedded capacity building team at the Central Prison Directorate 

headquarters. 

FY 2013 funds for counternarcotics will focus on building sustainable interdiction and law 

enforcement capacity; supporting the Afghan government efforts to reduce the supply of illicit opium 

poppy and cannabis crops; drug demand reduction programs to eliminate the burgeoning domestic 

market for Afghan opiates; and capacity building efforts to strengthen the central government’s ability 

to independently support counternarcotics activities over the long term. Funds will also pay for 

program management and oversight, security and life support, aviation support, and other 

transportation, operations and maintenance, and personnel recruitment and training. 

	 Pakistan ($124 million): To support the Administration’s top national security priorities, FY 2013 

funding will focus on strengthening Pakistan’s criminal justice sector. The provision of training, 

equipment, and infrastructure, along with aviation assistance, will strengthen and professionalize 

civilian law enforcement entities, particularly those operating in the border region with Afghanistan. 

Funds will continue to support Government of Pakistan efforts to decrease narcotics trafficking, 

cultivation, and abuse through crop control, interdiction, and demand reduction programs. Funding 

will support legal training to Pakistan’s prosecutors and judges and will sustain assistance to the 

ongoing corrections program. 

	 Central Asia Counternarcotics Initiative (CACI) ($9 million): This initiative will improve the 

ability of Central Asian countries to disrupt drug trafficking originating from Afghanistan and 

dismantle related criminal organizations through effective investigation, prosecution and conviction of 

mid- to high-level traffickers The U.S. Counternarcotics Strategy for Afghanistan calls for enhanced 

regional and international community support for Afghan-led counternarcotics efforts, expanded USG 

counternarcotics engagement with Afghanistan’s neighbors and regional actors, and strengthening of 

counternarcotics cooperation between Afghanistan and neighboring countries. 

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Western Hemisphere 

 Mexico ($199 million): The United States and Mexican Governments will continue to focus on four 

pillars of cooperation: disrupting and dismantling criminal organizations, institutionalizing the rule of 

law, building a 21st Century border, and building strong and resilient communities. INCLE-funded 

programs will focus heavily on developing Mexico’s rule of law institutions through training, technical 

assistance, and limited equipment purchases. Programs will continue to provide assistance to federal 

criminal justice institutions, including law enforcement, prosecutorial, judicial, and corrections 

institutions. 

 Colombia ($142 million): Funding will support Colombian-led consolidation efforts to expand 

security, reduce drug trafficking and illicit drug growth and promote economic development through a 

comprehensive whole-of-government approach in former conflict areas. U.S. assistance will improve 

Colombia’s judicial institutions, enhancing the protection of human rights and developing local 

capacity to address sensitive and complex criminal cases. INCLE resources in Colombia will help the 

Colombian National Police to assume additional security responsibilities and combat emerging 

criminal drug organizations. 

 Peru ($23.3 million): Funding will support efforts by the Government of Peru to combat the illicit 

drug industry, which includes efforts to extend state presence in the Apurimac and Ene River Valleys in 

order to oppose drug traffickers aligned with the Shining Path terrorist group. FY 2013 INCLE funds 

will support drug interdiction and coca eradication operations as well as precursor chemical seizures, 

improve controls at ports and airports, modernize and refurbish police stations and bases, and maintain 

and replace communications equipment and vehicles. 

 Haiti ($17.5 million): INCLE funding will support the contribution of police and corrections 

personnel to the UN stabilization mission (MINUSTAH). Funding will also support related activities 

through counternarcotics, rule of law, and corrections programs. Additionally, efforts to rebuild 

operational capacity of the Haitian National Police with infrastructure improvements and specialized 

equipment and training will be supported with the FY 2013 request. 

 Bolivia ($5 million): Funds will advance nationalization efforts by shifting costs for such activities as 

targeted technical assistance for counternarcotics, law enforcement, and rule of law programs to the 

Government of Bolivia. INCLE funding will continue training programs for counternarcotics and 

other police; support interdiction efforts; build the capacity of law enforcement, prosecutors, and the 

judiciary; support trafficking-in-persons programs and other rule of law initiatives; and promote public 

awareness on the damage caused to Bolivian society by drug trafficking and consumption. 

 Guatemala ($2 million): INCLE funding will support the extended mandate of the International 

Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala to investigate high profile criminal cases in Guatemala. 

 Western Hemisphere Regional ($81 million): INCLE funding will support the Central America 

Regional Security Initiative (CARSI) ($60 million) and the Caribbean Basin Regional Security 

Initiative (CBSI) ($21 million). CARSI funds will support training and build capacity of law 

enforcement and rule of law institutions throughout Central America. Activities will address border 

and port security; support for vetted units and maritime and land interdiction; and law enforcement 

capacity to address transnational crime, including anti-gang training. In support of CBSI, INCLE 

funding will continue efforts to combat illicit trafficking and organized crime, strengthen the rule of 

law, reduce the demand for illegal drugs, and promote social justice. Funding will support programs to 

enhance the capacity of criminal justice and regional security institutions, such as the Regional Security 

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System in the Eastern Caribbean, and will support technical assistance in the investigation and 

prosecution of financial crimes, prison reform, maritime interdiction, and border control efforts. 

Global Programs 

These programs target challenges to transnational crime and counternarcotics efforts, and policing in 

peacekeeping and crisis response operations worldwide. Key components include: 

	 Inter-regional Aviation Support ($46.3 million): Funding will provide centralized core services for 

counternarcotics and border security aviation programs. These programs involve fixed- and 

rotary-wing aircraft deployed worldwide. 

	 Program Development and Support ($32.6 million): Funding will provide for annual costs of direct 

hires, contractors, travel and transportation, equipment, communications and utilities, and other support 

services. 

	 International Law Enforcement Academy (ILEA) ($24 million): Funds will support existing 

ILEAs in Bangkok, Budapest, Gaborone, Roswell, San Salvador, and the Regional Training Center 

(RTC) in Lima. Additionally, funds made available to support the Shared Security Partnership (SSP) 

initiative will be utilized to support emerging regional security priorities in West Africa as well other 

high threat regions to enhance regional and local-level criminal justice institutions. Focus will be on 

facilitating regional cooperation and capacity building by providing strategic training efforts to counter 

criminal activities such as terrorism, corruption and other transnational crimes. 

	 Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons ($18.7 million): These funds will assist 

committed governments of countries ranked as Tier 3, Tier 2 Watch List, and some Tier 2 in the 2011 

annual Trafficking in Persons Report to improve their capacity to combat trafficking in persons through 

rule of law and criminal justice sector improvements as well as victim protection services. 

	 Demand Reduction ($12.5 million): Funding will support programs designed to reduce drug use, 

related crime and violence, and high-risk injecting drug use behavior. Funds will support sub-regional 

demand reduction training centers, regional and global knowledge exchange forums, the development 

of national and regional drug-free community coalitions, and research and demonstration program 

development, with emphasis on specialized initiatives for drug addicted women and children. 

	 Critical Flight Safety Program ($12.4 million): Funding will provide programmed depot-level 

maintenance, and aircraft/aircrew safety of flight for the fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft fleet supporting 

counternarcotics and border security aviation programs worldwide and address other aircraft/aircrew 

safety of flight requirements. 

Details of the FY 2013 OCO Request for INCLE are addressed in the OCO chapter. 

111
 

Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism, Demining 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism, Demining 738,520 710,770 635,668 -75,102 

Enduring 738,520 590,113 635,668 45,555 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 120,657 - -120,657 

The FY 2013 Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism, Demining and Related Programs (NADR) request of 

$635.7 million will support critical security and humanitarian-related priority interventions. The request 

includes increases for the voluntary contribution to the International Atomic Energy Agency to demonstrate 

robust U.S. support for the agency, and for the Global Threat Reduction Program to strengthen biosecurity. 

Highlights: 

Nonproliferation Activities 

	 The Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund (NDF) ($30 million) supports programs to halt the 

proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD), their delivery systems, and advanced 

conventional weapons systems, with particular emphasis on denying such weapons to terrorists. The 

NDF’s special authorities allow it to undertake rapid-response threat reduction work around the globe 

and can be used to support multinational exercises under the Proliferation Security Initiative. NDF 

funds also support the destruction of existing weapons. 

	 The Global Threat Reduction (GTR) program ($63.6 million) supports tailored activities aimed at 

reducing the threat of terrorist or state acquisition of WMD materials and expertise. Initiatives include 

strengthening security for dangerous biological materials and potentially dangerous chemicals, 

engagement with scientists with WMD-applicable expertise, and decreasing the likelihood that 

terrorists could gain the technical expertise needed to develop an improvised nuclear device. GTR’s 

priorities include Yemen, Pakistan, and Iraq where the combined risks of WMD proliferation and 

terrorism are greatest. 

	 The voluntary contribution to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) ($90 million) supports 

programs in nuclear safeguards, nuclear safety and security, nuclear energy, and the peaceful use of 

nuclear science technologies. This request continues the U.S. commitment to the organization, 

particularly its nuclear safeguards program. 

	 The worldwide Export Control and Related Border Security (EXBS) program ($55 million) seeks to 

prevent states and terrorist organizations from acquiring WMD, their delivery systems, and 

destabilizing conventional weapons by helping partner countries to develop comprehensive export and 

border control systems. The program builds capacity to ensure transfer authorizations support only 

legitimate trade and to detect and interdict illicit transfers at borders. 

	 The voluntary contribution to the Preparatory Commission of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban 

Treaty Organization ($33 million) helps to fund the establishment, operation, and maintenance of the 

worldwide International Monitoring System. In addition, $3.5 million will fund specific projects to 

increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the Treaty’s verification regime. 

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	 The WMD Terrorism program ($5 million) undertakes specialized, targeted projects to improve 

international capacities to prepare for and respond to a terrorist attack involving weapons of mass 

destruction in support of the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism, and to help develop 

capacity among our international partners to deter, detect, and respond to nuclear smuggling. 

	 The U.S. voluntary contribution to the United Nations ($1.4 million) will support international 

implementation of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1540, which requires that all U.N. member states 

establish domestic controls to stem the proliferation of WMD. 

Anti -Terrorism Programs 

	 The Anti-Terrorism Assistance (ATA) program ($166.4 million) has long been the U.S. Government’s 

flagship program for counterterrorism law enforcement assistance to critical partner countries. The 

program provides training and equipment to help build the anti-terrorism capacities of friendly nations, to 

strengthen bilateral ties, and to increase respect for human rights. ATA programs help partner countries to 

build a wide range of counterterrorism capabilities, including border security, critical infrastructure 

protection, national leadership protection, response to and management of terrorist and mass casualty 

incidents, investigative skills, response to weapons of mass destruction attacks, and response to kidnapping 

for ransom crimes. ATA programs also supports the Regional Strategic Initiative (RSI) by providing 

advanced anti-terrorism training that addresses regional challenges. 

	 The Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) program ($4.5 million) supports targeted counter-radicalization 

interventions in high priority countries by promoting positive alternatives to violence, with a special focus 

on at-risk youth. Programming includes the creation of positive narratives to contest militant propaganda, 

and leadership development to help build civil society as a bulwark against violent extremism. 

	 The Terrorist Interdiction Program/Personal Identification, Secure Comparison, & Evaluation System 

(TIP/PISCES) program ($34.3 million) provides computerized watch-listing systems, periodic 

hardware and software upgrades, and technical assistance and training to partner nations that enable 

immigration and border control officials to quickly identify suspect persons attempting to enter or leave 

their countries. The request provides funds, subject to host nation approval, to complete the 

deployment of critical biometrics enhancements begun in FY 2010 to assist 17 partner nations, supports 

continued system expansion into critical partner and candidate nations vulnerable to terrorist travel 

(such as Iraq, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Yemen, Kenya, and Thailand), allows research, development and 

testing of enhanced capabilities to address evolving U.S. and host nation requirements, and ensures that 

the PISCES system maintains standards in accordance with international norms. 

	 The Counterterrorism Financing (CTF) program ($16.1 million) assists frontline partners in detecting, 

disrupting, and dismantling terrorist financial networks. CTF funds are used for anti-money 

laundering and counterterrorism finance capacity building aimed at assisting our foreign partners in 

developing comprehensive and effective legal frameworks and regulatory regimes, active and capable 

financial investigative units, as well as strengthening the investigative skills of law enforcement 

entities, bolstering prosecutorial and judicial development and countering bulk cash smuggling. CTF 

also works with the Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs to ensure that 

recipients of NADR funding implement action plans to comply with international standards against 

money laundering and the financing of terrorism. 

	 Counterterrorism Engagement (CTE) ($7 million) supports key bilateral, multilateral, and regional 

efforts, including the RSI, to build political will at senior levels in partner nations for shared 

counterterrorism challenges. By working with other government agencies and with nongovernmental 

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organizations, CTE programs support initiatives and training, including through the United Nations and 

regional bodies, to bring terrorists to justice, strengthen transportation security, and increase cyber 

security. This funding will also support activities of the Global Counterterrorism Forum. 

Regional Stability and Humanitarian Assistance 

	 The Conventional Weapons Destruction (CWD) program ($126 million) advances security interests by 

responding to the security threat and risk to indigenous populations posed by landmines and 

unexploded ordnance, and from excess, loosely-secured, or otherwise-at-risk small arms and light 

weapons, Man Portable Air-Defense Systems (MANPADS), and ammunition. The program also 

enhances stockpile security, increases local capabilities through training programs, and provides 

limited funding for victims’ assistance. Included in this request is $1.2 million in program 

development and support, $1.5 million for cross-cutting initiatives to support sustainment efforts, and 

$2.5 million for emergency assessments to help partner countries mitigate risks from potentially 

dangerous depots, as well as operations to safely remove and dispose of materials following incidents at 

these facilities. An estimated $10 million will fund the continued implementation of an aggressive 

program to reduce the global threat of illicitly held or at-risk MANPADS through safe and effective 

destruction efforts. The U.S. Government also pursues the reduction of MANPADS threats against 

aircraft by chairing the Interagency Coordinating Group for International Aviation Threat Reduction. 

In addition, global funding will continue to cover other emergency requirements and high priority 

weapons destruction projects and unforeseen mandates that occur during the year. 

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Peacekeeping Operations 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Peacekeeping Operations 304,390 383,818 249,100 -134,718 

Enduring 304,390 302,818 249,100 -53,718 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 81,000 - -81,000 

The FY 2013 request for Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) of $249.1 million will help diminish and resolve 

conflict, enhance the ability of states to participate in peacekeeping and stability operations, address 

counterterrorism threats, and reform military establishments into professional military forces with respect 

for the rule of law in the aftermath of conflict. 

The request supports two ongoing regional peacekeeping missions: the African Union Mission in Somalia 

and the Multinational Force and Observers mission in the Sinai. The request also supports the ability of 

states to participate in peacekeeping operations through the Global Peace Operations Initiative (GPOI); 

enhances the ability of states to address counterterrorism threats through the Trans-Sahara 

Counterterrorism Partnership (TSCTP) and the Partnership for Regional East Africa Counter Terrorism 

(PREACT); supports long-term reforms to military forces in the aftermath of conflict into professional 

military forces with respect for the rule of law, including those in South Sudan, Liberia, the Democratic 

Republic of the Congo, Somalia, Cote d’Ivoire, and Guinea; addresses regional conflict stabilization and 

border security issues in Africa; provides military professionalization institutional development; and 

provides regional maritime security training in Africa. 

Highlights: 

	 Global Peace Operations Initiative ($75 million): From FY 2005 through FY 2009, GPOI funds 

were used to trained over 100,000 peacekeepers, well beyond its goal of 75,000 worldwide. The 

program emphasis for the fourth year of Phase II will continue the shift begun in FY 2010 from the 

direct training of peacekeepers to a focus on building a sustainable indigenous peacekeeping capacity. 

While FY 2013 funds will continue to provide training, equipment, and sustainment of peacekeeping 

troops, activities will focus on strengthening partner-country capabilities to train their own 

peacekeeping units by supporting the development of indigenous peacekeeping trainer cadres, 

peacekeeping training centers, and other self-sufficiency oriented programs, events, and activities. 

Funds will also enable the United States to continue to support the deployment of troops to 

peacekeeping operations worldwide. Some FY 2013 funds will be used to continue GPOI support for 

collaboration with the Center for Excellence in Stability Police Operations (CoESPU). Finally, PKO 

funds will continue to underwrite an evaluation and metrics mechanism, including measures of 

effectiveness, to ensure GPOI is achieving its goals. 

	 Somalia ($51 million): FY 2013 funds will be used to continue voluntary support to the African 

Union-led peacekeeping effort in Somalia, including training and advisory services, equipment, and 

transportation of forces from current and new troop-contributing countries. PKO funds will also be 

used to professionalize and provide operational support to Somali security forces, to ensure their 

capability in contributing to national peace and security in support of the international peace process 

efforts, and as part of a multi-sectoral approach to post-conflict security sector reform. Funds to pay 

the United States' portion of the UN assessment for support of the UN Support Office for the African 

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116

Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) are being requested in the Contributions to International 

Peacekeeping Activities account. 

 South Sudan ($40 million): FY 2013 funds will be used to continue long-term efforts to build and 

transform the Sudan People’s Liberation Army in South Sudan from a guerilla army to a professional 

military force subordinate to civilian leadership and protective of human rights. Funds will continue 

to provide support for this transformation process, including the refurbishment, operations, and 

maintenance of training centers and divisional headquarters; strategic and operational advisory 

assistance; unit and individual professional training; and communications and other non-lethal 

equipment for the military. 

 Multinational Force and Observers ($26 million): The FY 2013 request includes funds to continue 

the U.S. contribution to the Multinational Force and Observers mission in the Sinai. 

 Africa Regional ($22 million): FY 2013 funds will be used to support the following programs. 

 Partnership for Regional East Africa Counterterrorism ($10 million): The FY 2013 request continues 

support for PREACT, a multi-disciplinary counterterrorism initiative in East Africa that is based upon 

best practices of the TSCTP. Funds will support advisory assistance, and training and equipping of 

counterterrorist military units in the East Africa region. 

 Africa Conflict Stabilization and Border Security ($8 million): The FY 2013 request continues efforts 

to address and stabilize regional crises on the African continent. In particular, funds will support 

activities in areas such as the Great Lakes region in Central Africa, the Mano River region in West 

Africa (including neighboring Guinea-Bissau), the Horn of Africa. Examples include countering the 

Lord’s Resistance Army in Central and East Africa, and addressing spillover from the conflict in Sudan 

into neighboring Chad and the Central African Republic. Funds will support monitoring teams, 

advisory assistance, training, logistical support, infrastructure enhancements, and equipment. Funds 

will also support the military component of broader security sector reform efforts in Guinea through 

training, advisory services, limited infrastructure projects, and non-lethal equipment. 

 Africa Maritime Security Initiative (AMSI) ($2 million): The FY 2013 request funds a continuation of 

a program begun in FY 2010 to increase African maritime security capabilities through the provision of 

regional training activities (including the training component of the Department of Defense’s Africa 

Partnership Station program) and provide modest training equipment. By enhancing U.S. partners’ 

maritime enforcement capabilities, the initiative helps to develop African maritime forces that can 

better respond to piracy, terrorist activity, illegal fishing, environmental threats, and trafficking in 

drugs, arms, and humans. 

 Africa Military Education Program (AMEP) ($2 million): Funds from the FY2013 request will be 

used to initiate a new program to support professionalization at the institutional level of select African 

partner nations. This program will complement, but not duplicate, the International Military 

Education Training program which focuses on direct training of African military and select civilian 

personnel primarily in the United States, although some training occurs in country. AMEP funds will 

provide training, advisory support, and potentially equipment and supplies to African military training 

institutions to enhance their ability to professionalize their militaries, including an appreciation of 

civilian control of the military, respect for the rule of law, and human rights. 

 Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Partnership ($16.1 million): The FY 2013 request continues 

support for the TSCTP, a multi-disciplinary counterterrorism initiative designed to counter terrorist 
 

 

 

 

 

 

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threats, strengthen regional capacity, promote interoperability, and facilitate coordination between 

countries. Funds will support advisory assistance, modest infrastructure improvement, and training 

and equipping of counterterrorist military units in the West and North African regions. 

 Democratic Republic of the Congo ($15 million): FY 2013 funds will be used to continue 

long-term efforts to reform the military in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) into a force 

capable of maintaining peace and security, to include development of the military justice system and 

sustaining a light infantry battalion to stabilize eastern DRC. Funds will support advisory assistance at 

strategic and operational levels, training, equipment, and infrastructure improvements that contribute to 

the professionalization of the Congolese military. 

 Cote d’Ivoire ($2 million): After democratic elections in FY2011, the Department of State 

determined that assistance to Cote d’Ivoire was no longer subject to restrictions which had been in place 

since the country's elected President was overthrown by a military coup in 1999. The FY2013 request 

supports the military component of broader security sector reform efforts. Funds will support training, 

advisory support, limited infrastructure and non-lethal equipment. 

 Liberia ($2 million): The FY 2013 request funds the long term effort to transform the Liberian 

military into a professional, 2,100-member-strong armed force that respects the rule of law and has the 

capacity to protect Liberia’s borders and maintain adequate security in the country. Funds will 

primarily provide for operational support of existing infrastructure of the new military and some 

advisory or training support. Completion of this program will help facilitate the eventual departure of 

the United Nations Mission in Liberia. 
 

 

 

International Military Education and Training 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

International Military Education and Training 105,788 105,788 102,643 -3,145 

The FY 2013 request for the International Military Education and Training (IMET) program is 

$103 million. IMET is a key component of U.S. security assistance which promotes regional stability and 

defense capabilities through professional military training and education. Through professional and 

technical courses and specialized instruction, most of which are conducted at military schoolhouses in the 

United States, the program provides students from allied and friendly nations with valuable training and 

education on U.S. military practices and standards. IMET students are exposed to the concepts of 

democratic values and respect for internationally-recognized standards of human rights both through the 

courses they attend and through their experience of living in and being a part of local communities across 

the United States. IMET serves as an effective means to strengthen military alliances and international 

coalitions critical to U.S. national security goals. IMET also helps to develop a common understanding of 

shared international challenges, including terrorism, and fosters the relationships necessary to counter those 

challenges in a collaborative manner. 

Highlights: 

	 Africa ($13.3 million): IMET programs focus on professionalizing the defense forces to support 

efforts to respond to regional crises and provide for long-term stability on the continent. Major IMET 

programs are focused on Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, and South Sudan - states critical to 

long-term regional peace and stability. 

	 East Asia and the Pacific ($8.1 million): IMET programs in East Asia and the Pacific focus on 

professionalizing the defense forces of regional partners and developing their skills in counter 

terrorism. Priority recipients include Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. 

	 Europe and Eurasia ($28.6 million): IMET programs enhance regional security and integration 

among U.S., NATO, and European armed forces. Importantly, these programs help to ensure that 

those nations who fight alongside the United States in places like Afghanistan have officers that 

understand and appreciate the doctrine and operational tactics of the U.S. military. The largest 

programs are those in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Georgia, Poland, Romania, Turkey, and Ukraine. 

	 Near East ($18.9 million): IMET programs focus on critical countries such as Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, 

Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Tunisia, and Yemen with the purpose of enhancing professionalism, 

providing the technical training necessary to maintain equipment of United States origin, and 

increasing awareness of international norms of human rights and civilian control of the military, topics 

that are critical for the development of security forces in the region in a time of change. 

	 South and Central Asia ($14.3 million): Major IMET programs in this region include India and 

Pakistan, as well as support for training military officers in the Afghan National Army. 

	 Western Hemisphere ($14.4 million): IMET programs in the Western Hemisphere focus on 

professionalizing defense forces, including those of Colombia, El Salvador, and Mexico, and 

enhancing their ability to respond to regional security challenges. 

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Foreign Military Financing 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Foreign Military Financing 5,374,230 6,312,000 6,383,320 71,320 

Enduring 5,374,230 5,210,000 5,472,320 262,320 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 1,102,000 911,000 -191,000 

The FY 2013 request for Foreign Military Financing (FMF) of $5,472 million furthers U.S. interests around 

the world by ensuring that Coalition partners and friendly foreign governments are equipped and trained to 

work toward common security goals and share burdens in joint missions. FMF promotes U.S. national 

security by contributing to regional and global stability, strengthening military support for 

democratically-elected governments, and containing transnational threats including terrorism and 

trafficking in narcotics, weapons, and persons. Increased military capabilities establish and strengthen 

multilateral coalitions with the United States, and enable friends and allies to be increasingly interoperable 

with U.S., regional, and international military forces. FMF assistance will also support ongoing efforts to 

incorporate the most recent North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) members into the organization, 

support prospective NATO members and Coalition partners, and assist critical Coalition partners in 

Afghanistan. 

The FY 2013 FMF request includes an increase in assistance for Israel and continues funding for Iraq, 

which is included in the Overseas Contingency Operations section. In addition, the request supports 

funding for Coalition partners and allies, and is consistent with other requirements to promote U.S. national 

security, fight extremism, and secure peace in the Middle East. 

Highlights: 

	 Near East ($4,836.2 million): The majority of FY 2013 FMF funding will provide continued 

assistance to the Near East region, including increased support for Israel in accordance with the 

Memorandum of Understanding; support for Jordan's force modernization, border surveillance, and 

counterterrorism efforts; and programs that consolidate gains in the development of counterterrorism 

capabilities and professional militaries. The United States continues to plan for ongoing assistance 

through FY 2013 in order to be able to continue programs that encourage a disciplined, well-trained 

Egyptian military respectful of civilian human rights, and provide an incentive for the next government 

of Lebanon to adhere to its international obligations. Since the political situation in the Middle East 

remains fluid, longer-term specifics of the program will be reviewed in light of changing 

circumstances. 

	 South and Central Asia ($360.3 million): The FY 2013 request includes $350 million to support 

Pakistan’s security forces by providing equipment and training to enhance their counterterrorism and 

counterinsurgency capabilities. 

	 Europe and Eurasia ($102 million): In Europe and Eurasia, FMF assistance furthers defense 

reform, military modernization, and interoperability of recipient country armed forces with the 

United States and NATO. A key focus of the program is supporting Coalition partners, including 

Poland, Georgia, Romania, and Bulgaria, to enable the recipients to undertake overseas deployments 

and peacekeeping missions, lessening the burden on U.S. forces. 

119
 

 

	 Western Hemisphere ($62.4 million): FMF in the Western Hemisphere supports our partners' 

efforts to control their national territory, modernize their defense forces for participation in 

peacekeeping and coalition operations, and help secure the southern approaches to the United States. 

Key FMF programs will support Colombia’s efforts to ensure its security gains are irreversible and 

support the transition of our relationship with Colombia to that of a strategic partner, further enhance 

cooperation between the United States and Mexican militaries, and support the Caribbean Basin 

Security Initiative, the multiyear, multifaceted effort by the U.S. Government and Caribbean partners 

to develop a joint regional citizen safety strategy that addresses the full range of security threats to the 

Caribbean Basin. FMF support to Central America is increasing in order to support partner country 

efforts to better control their national territory and waters, which is necessary to meet the severe 

national security threat posed by transnational smuggling organizations operating in those areas and 

waters. 

	 Africa and East Asia and the Pacific ($51.5 million): In Africa and the East Asia and Pacific 

regions, assistance will support defense reform, enhance counterterrorism capabilities, promote 

interoperability, and expand recipient countries’ capacity to participate in peacekeeping operations. 

Details of the FY 2013 OCO Request for FMF are addressed in the OCO chapter. 

120
Global Security Contingency Fund 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Global Security Contingency Fund - 50,000 25,000 -25,000 

Enduring - - 25,000 25,000 

Overseas Contingency Operations - 50,000 - -50,000 

* FY 2012 reflects $50 million transferred from the Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund-OCO. 

The FY 2013 request of $25 million for the Global Security Contingency Fund will continue a new three 

year pilot initiative, started in FY 2012, that will streamline the way the U.S. Government provides 

assistance to enhance the capabilities of military forces and other security forces responsible for conducting 

border and maritime security, internal security, and counterterrorism operations, as well as the government 

agencies responsible for such forces, in response to emergent challenges or opportunities. The Fund is 

intended to address rapidly changing, transnational, asymmetric threats, and emergent opportunities 

strategically where an environment's security, political, economic, and social needs warrant such attention. 

It will also provide support to the justice sector (including law enforcement and prisons), rule of law 

programs, and stabilization efforts where the Secretary of State determines that conflict or instability 

challenges civilian providers to deliver such assistance. Programs under this Fund would be 

collaboratively developed by the Department of State and the Department of Defense, and implemented 

primarily by these agencies as well as the U.S. Agency for International Development, and other 

appropriate agencies. 

121
Special Defense Acquisition Fund 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Special Defense Acquisition Fund - 100,000 100,000 -

Foreign Military Sales Trust Fund offset - -100,000 -100,000 -

Net Cost for Special Defense Acquisition Fund - - - -

The Special Defense Acquisition Fund (SDAF) will allow the United States to better support coalition and 

other partners, including those participating in U.S. overseas contingency and other operations, by 

expediting the procurement of defense articles for provision to foreign nations and international 

organizations. 

The FY 2012 appropriation re-activated this program by providing transfer authority for the initial 

capitalization of the SDAF with up to $100 million in offsetting collections derived from the Foreign 

Military Sales Trust Fund (FMSTF) Administrative Surcharge Fees and providing authority to obligate 

those funds to acquire defense articles and services. 

The FY 2013 request reflects an additional $100 million in new SDAF obligations to be funded by 

offsetting collections from the FMSTF. In FY 2013, offsetting collections will be derived from SDAF 

sales of stock as well as other receipts consistent with section 51(b) of the Arms Export Control Act 

(AECA). The FY 2013 request will support advance purchases of high-demand warfighter support 

equipment that have long procurement lead times. Long procurement lead times are often the main 

limiting factor in our ability to provide coalition partners with critical equipment to make them 

operationally effective in a timely manner. Improving the mechanism for supporting U.S. partners is a 

high priority for the Departments of State and Defense. 

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Multilateral Assistance 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Multilateral Assistance 2,299,471 2,971,093 2,952,644 -18,449 

International Organizations and Programs 351,290 348,705 327,300 -21,405 

International Development Association 1,232,530 1,325,000 1,358,500 33,500 

International Bank for Reconstruction and 

Development - 117,364 186,957 69,593 

Global Environment Facility 89,820 89,820 129,400 39,580 

African Development Fund 109,780 172,500 195,000 22,500 

African Development Bank - 32,418 32,418 -

Asian Development Fund - 100,000 115,250 15,250 

Asian Development Bank 106,373 106,586 106,799 213 

Inter-American Development Bank - 75,000 102,020 27,020 

Enterprise of the Americas Multilateral Investment 

Fund 

24,950 25,000 - -25,000 

Inter-American Investment Corporation 20,958 4,670 - -4,670 

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development - - - -

Global Agriculture and Food Security Program 99,800 135,000 134,000 -1,000 

International Fund for Agricultural Development 29,440 30,000 30,000 -

Clean Technology Fund 184,630 184,630 185,000 370 

Strategic Climate Fund 49,900 49,900 50,000 100 

Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative - 174,500 - -174,500 

* FY 2011 Actual for International Organizations and Programs includes a $3 million transfer to the Global Health Programs account. 

International Organizations and Programs (IO&P) 

The FY 2013 request of $327.3 million for International Organizations and Programs will advance 

U.S. strategic goals by supporting and enhancing international consultation and coordination. These 

voluntary contributions are provided to accomplish transnational goals where solutions to problems can 

best be addressed globally, such as protecting the ozone layer or safeguarding international air traffic. In 

other areas, such as development programs, the United States can multiply the influence and effectiveness 

of its own assistance through support for international programs. 

Highlights: 

	 United Nations Children’s Fund ($125 million): U.S. voluntary contributions support the core 

budget of the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), which provides core administrative funding, 

goods, and services directly to the world’s neediest children, and contributes to the development of 

local institutional capacity. UNICEF’s development work is closely coordinated with 

U.S. Government and international development agencies. 

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	 United Nations Development Program ($67.2 million): U.S. voluntary contributions are provided 

for the United Nations Development Program (UNDP)’s regular budget, which supports its core 

administrative functions, basic development programming, and specific trust funds targeted in the areas 

of democratic governance and crisis prevention and recovery. 

	 United Nations Population Fund ($39 million): The United States continues to support the United 

Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). Contributions to UNFPA will bolster the Fund’s continued 

efforts to reduce poverty, improve the health of women and children, prevent HIV/AIDS, and provide 

family planning assistance to women in over 150 countries. 

	 UN Women ($7.9 million): Created in 2010, the UN Entity for Gender Equality and Women’s 

Empowerment (UN Women) works to increase women’s political participation, expand women’s 

economic and educational opportunities, reduce violence against women, improve women’s health, 

protect the rights of indigenous women and women with disabilities, facilitate women’s political 

participation in all aspects of peace and security, and counter discrimination against women.. This 

contribution to the core resources of UN Women (which includes the former UNIFEM) will fund 

programs and will allow policies and programs related to women to be formulated and implemented 

more efficiently. 

	 Multilateral Action Initiatives ($1 million): This Initiative will allow for timely funding of 

voluntary contributions to support specific multilateral activities in order to address priority and 

emerging needs that were not specifically known at the time of the budget submission. The purposes 

of this Initiative are to fund responses to peace and security challenges, spur innovation from 

multilateral organizations through timely seed money, and respond to unanticipated crises. In 

FY 2011, with the unexpected events in the Middle East unfolding rapidly, these funds allowed the 

United States to contribute funding to quickly establish a regional office for the UN High 

Commissioner for Human Rights in the North Africa, providing important assistance during this critical 

time of change. Absent such a mechanism, U.S. influence over emerging issues in the multilateral 

system is diminished, reforms are shortchanged, and the Department is prevented from taking 

advantage of unanticipated opportunities to advance U.S. priorities. 

International Financial Institutions 

International Financial Institutions (IFIs) provide loans, grants, and investments to developing and 

transitioning economies to promote growth and poverty reduction through their support of public and 

private projects, programs, and policy reforms. They also coordinate development programs with country 

governments as well as other donors, and provide professional advice and technical support to address 

impediments to economic growth. The Department of the Treasury’s FY 2013 request of $2,625.3 million 

is a continuation of multi-year commitments, as well as food security and environment initiatives. 

The FY 2013 request for the multilateral development banks (MDBs) is comprised almost entirely of 

annual commitments negotiated in previous years. This includes a continuation of funding for the General 

Capital Increases (GCIs) at the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the 

Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the Asian Development Bank (AsDB), and the African 

Development Bank (AfDB). The only new commitment, for a replenishment of the International Fund for 

Agricultural Development (IFAD), is a flat line of our current contribution level. Meeting these 

commitments will secure our leadership at these institutions, enabling them to continue their vital roles in 

boosting economic growth in export markets for American businesses and strengthening our national 

security. 

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Our MDB request includes a first year payment of $70 million for the Selective Capital Increase (SCI) at the 

IBRD. Treasury requested and obtained authorization to subscribe to the SCI in FY 2012. Proceeding 

with the first year payment of $70 million will enable us to begin to meet our obligations under the World 

Bank’s “voice and vote” reform, which was agreed by World Bank shareholders in 2010. Meeting this 

obligation is necessary to prevent a drop in U.S. shareholding below the 15 percent threshold. This 

threshold is critical, as it enables the United States to block amendments to the World Bank’s Articles of 

Agreement, which govern critical issues such as the role of the World Bank President, membership, and the 

role of the Board of Executive Directors. We are the only member with this veto power. 

Treasury’s request also includes funding for the special MDB facilities that support the world’s poorest 

countries: the International Development Association (IDA), housed at the World Bank; the Asian 

Development Fund (AsDF), based at the Asian Development Bank; and the African Development Fund 

(AfDF), which is part of the African Development Bank Group. These facilities are the most important 

sources of financing of development needs and priorities in many of the world’s most fragile states. 

In addition to the annual commitments for FY 2013, the request includes funds to pay for arrears associated 

with our general capital increase commitment at the AsDB. These arrears were generated by the 0.2 

percent across the board rescission in FY 2011, and their payment is necessary to prevent a permanent loss 

of U.S. shareholding. A loss would end the U.S. status as a co-equal shareholder with Japan and forfeit 

influence at a time when other shareholders have expressed interest in purchasing any shares we relinquish. 

The FY 2013 request includes $134 million for a contribution to the Global Agriculture and Food Security 

Program (GAFSP). This global fund partners with developing countries to enable small farmers to grow 

more and earn more. It is one of the most effective ways of working to end global hunger, because it 

rewards developing countries that are contributing their own resources and demonstrating leadership to 

improve agriculture. In its first two years, the fund has allocated nearly $500 million based on a 

competitive application process. Through FY 2012, the United States (through funds from the 

Department of Treasury and the Department of State) will have contributed $341 million, or nearly 72 

percent of the U.S. pledge. The FY 2013 request will bring the total U.S. contribution to the $475 million 

pledged by the United States in 2010. 

In addition to GAFSP, the food security budget includes $30 million for the first year of the ninth 

replenishment of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the only global 

development finance institution solely dedicated to improving food security for the rural poor. The $30 

million is equivalent to our annual commitment under the previous replenishment (which was made in 

2008). 

The FY 2013 request includes $364.4 million for the Global Environment Facility (GEF), the Clean 

Technology Fund (CTF), and three Strategic Climate Funds (SCF): the Pilot Program for Climate 

Resilience (PPCR), the Forest Investment Program (FIP) and the Program for Scaling-up Renewable 

Energy in Low-Income Countries (SREP). FY 2013 funding for Treasury’s multilateral environment and 

clean energy programs will directly result in action and investments by other countries to reduce their 

pollution, curbing the damage that they inflict on our shared spaces, such as the atmosphere and the oceans. 

Such global action mitigates threats to our domestic environment that increasingly originate beyond our 

borders, enhances our national security, and provides opportunities for U.S. businesses, particularly in 

clean energy. 

Addressing global environmental challenges now will significantly reduce what we would otherwise have 

to pay later. By acting now, we avoid paying even higher costs in the future for natural disasters, 

instability, and conflict emanating from environmental degradation. These programs also provide access 

125
 

 

to modern forms of energy, critical for helping the world’s poorest countries advance out of poverty. 

Moreover, these programs offer cost-effective returns on our investments. The U.S. contribution 

leverages significant funding from other donors, developing country governments, development 

institutions, and the private sector. Each U.S. dollar contributed to the GEF, CTF, and SCF leverages four 

to five additional dollars from other donors and six to 10 times that from other funding sources (including 

private sector). 

Although we are not seeking funds for FY 2013 in support of our Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative 

(MDRI) commitments, we do continue to anticipate the need in future years for a combination of 

appropriated funds and early encashment credits to meet our obligations during the IDA16 and AfDF12 

replenishment periods. 

126
Export-Import Bank of the United States 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Export-Import Bank of the United States 2,575 -266,000 -359,100 -93,100 

The FY 2013 request for the Export-Import Bank of the United States (Ex-Im Bank) of $4.4 million 

supports the expenses of the Inspector General. The FY 2013 budget estimates that the Ex-Im Bank’s 

export credit support will total $37.0 billion in lending activity, and will be funded entirely by receipts 

collected from the Ex-Im Bank’s customers. These receipts are expected to total $555.4 million in excess 

of estimated losses in FY 2013. These funds, treated as offsetting collections, will be used to pay the $38.0 

million in costs for loan programs, $103.9 million for administrative expenses, and $50.0 million in 

estimated carryover expenses. The administrative expenses estimate includes funding to meet the 

increased demand for services; for significant improvements to outreach and business development 

initiatives to increase the number of small business that export; and to upgrade the Bank’s antiquated 

systems infrastructure. The Bank forecasts a net return of $359.1 million to the U.S. Treasury as receipts 

in excess of expenses or negative subsidy. 

The Ex-Im Bank is an independent, self-sustaining executive agency, and a wholly-owned 

U.S. Government corporation. As the official export credit agency of the United States, the mission of the 

Ex-Im Bank is to support U.S. exports by providing export financing through its loan, guarantee, and 

insurance programs. These programs are implemented in cases where the private sector is unable or 

unwilling to provide financing, and to ensure equitable competition in export sales between U.S. exporters 

and foreign exporters financed by their respective governments. By facilitating the financing of 

U.S. exports, Ex-Im Bank helps companies support and maintain U.S. jobs. The Ex-Im Bank actively 

assists small and medium sized businesses. 

127
Overseas Private Investment Corporation 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Overseas Private Investment Corporation -201,875 -197,010 -192,116 4,894 

The Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) is the U.S. Government's development finance 

institution. It mobilizes private capital to help solve critical development challenges and in doing so, 

advances U.S. foreign policy. Because OPIC works with the U.S. private sector, it helps U.S. businesses 

gain footholds in emerging markets by catalyzing revenues, jobs and growth opportunities both at home and 

abroad. OPIC achieves its mission by providing investors with financing, guarantees, political risk 

insurance, and support for private equity investment funds. 

OPIC's FY 2013 budget is fully self-funded and continues OPIC's positive contribution to the budget. 

From its estimated net offsetting collections of $283.9 million in FY 2013, OPIC is requesting $60.8 

million for administrative expenses and $31.0 million for credit funding. These resources will support up 

to $4 billion in new direct loans and loan guarantees. 

These resources, sourced from OPIC's own balances, are integral to OPIC's ability to deliver a program of 

clean energy finance, support for administration priorities such as in the Middle East and North Africa, and 

prudent management of OPIC's portfolio. OPIC's ability to mobilize private resources toward clean 

energy and other U.S. priorities will become more important as budget constraints reduce other foreign 

policy and international development spending. 

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U.S. Trade and Development Agency 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

U.S. Trade and Development Agency 49,900 50,000 57,600 7,600 

The FY 2013 request for the U.S. Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) of $57.6 million will enable it 

to continue its mission to help U.S. companies create jobs through the export of goods and services for 

priority development projects in emerging economies. USTDA links U.S. businesses to export 

opportunities by funding project planning activities, pilot projects, and reverse trade missions while 

creating sustainable infrastructure and economic growth in partner countries. 

USTDA’s FY 2013 budget request will support key U.S. policy objectives including, generating economic 

growth and jobs at home; and promoting investments in “smart” development to generate measurable 

developmental impacts and ensure long-term sustainability. USTDA will also prioritize support for 

projects in emerging economies where its assistance can be most impactful for U.S. companies and partner 

countries. Some of these markets include China, India, Brazil, Colombia, Ghana, Indonesia, Mexico, the 

Philippines, South Africa, Turkey, and Vietnam. 

USTDA has a demonstrated capability to respond rapidly and effectively to U.S. foreign policy priorities 

and to promote economic development overseas, while creating export opportunities for U.S. companies. 

USTDA’s strategic use of foreign assistance funds to support sound investment decisions in host countries 

creates an enabling environment for sustainable economic development. Specifically, USTDA’s 

programs help to identify and prepare projects for implementation that will establish the infrastructure 

necessary for economic growth. 

In carrying out its mission, USTDA places particular emphasis on activities where there is a high likelihood 

for the export of U.S.-manufactured goods and services during project implementation. As such, USTDA 

supports jobs in the United States by providing immediate opportunities for U.S. businesses, particularly 

small businesses, and supporting longer term employment and export opportunities for the 

U.S. manufacturing, research and development, and services sectors. The Agency uses various tools to 

facilitate U.S. business opportunities in the international marketplace, including feasibility studies, 

technical assistance, reverse trade missions, training grants, and conferences. 

USTDA programs have a proven record of success. In FY 2011, USTDA identified over $3.9 billion in 

exports that were attributable to its activities. USTDA’s export measure increased to $58 in U.S. exports 

for every program dollar spent by the Agency. 

129
International Trade Commission 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

International Trade Commission 81,696 80,000 82,800 2,800 

The International Trade Commission (ITC) is an independent, nonpartisan, Federal agency with a wide 

range of trade-related mandates. The ITC makes determinations with respect to unfair trade practices in 

import trade, as well as conducting import-injury investigations. It also conducts economic research and 

fact-finding investigations of trade issues, and provides technical information and advice on trade matters to 

the Congress and the Administration. 

The FY 2013 request of $82.8 million will fund activities related to these mandates. 

130
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Foreign Claims Settlement Commission 2,155 2,000 2,139 139 

The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission (FCSC) is a quasi-judicial, independent agency within the 

Department of Justice. Its principle mission is to adjudicate claims of U.S. nationals against foreign 

governments, under specific jurisdiction conferred by Congress, pursuant to international claims settlement 

agreements, or at the request of the Secretary of State. 

The FY 2013 request for FCSC provides $2.1 million to continue evaluating claims of U.S. nationals 

against foreign governments under current claims programs as well as maintaining the decisions and 

records of past claims programs, and continue building and modernizing both current and past claims 

programs records by creating and updating the relevant databases. 

131
 

Food for Peace Title II 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Food for Peace Title II 1,497,000 1,466,000 1,400,000 -66,000 

Title II of the Food for Peace Act (P.L. 83-480, as amended, formerly the Agricultural Trade Development 

and Assistance Act of 1954) authorizes the provision of U.S. food assistance to meet emergency food needs 

around the world, and funds development-oriented programs to help address the underlying causes of food 

insecurity. Food for Peace Title II funding is appropriated to the U.S. Department of Agriculture and is 

administered by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). 

The FY 2013 request of $1,400 million includes $390 million to be used for development programs. An 

additional $60 million is requested in the Development Assistance (DA) account under USAID’s 

Community Development fund, bringing the total funding for these types of programs to $450 million. 

In addition, up to $366 million is requested under the International Disaster Assistance account for 

emergency food security, which may be used for local and regional purchase of food and other interventions 

such as cash voucher or cash transfer programs. 

132
 

McGovern-Dole International Food for Education 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

McGovern-Dole International Food for Education 199,101 184,000 184,000 -

The FY 2013 request for the McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition 

Program Grants is $184 million. The Department of Agriculture (USDA) administers this program. With 

these funds USDA will provide the donation of U.S. agricultural commodities and associated technical and 

financial assistance to carry out pre-school and primary-school feeding programs in foreign countries in 

order to improve food security, reduce the incidence of hunger and malnutrition, and improve literacy and 

primary education. The program also supports maternal, infant, and child nutrition programs for pregnant 

women, nursing mothers, infants and children. 

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134
FY 2013 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS 

OVERSEAS CONTINGENCY 

OPERATIONS 

(OCO) 

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STATE OPERATIONS and FOREIGN ASSISTANCE REQUEST
 

OVERSEAS CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS (OCO)
 ($000) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate OCO 

FY 2013 

Request OCO 

Change from FY 

2012 Estimate to 

FY 2013 

Request 

OVERSEAS CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS (OCO) TOTAL ­

STATE OPERATIONS and FOREIGN ASSISTANCE 297,220 11,202,787 8,244,517 (2,958,270) 

STATE OPERATIONS & RELATED ACCOUNTS - OCO - 4,627,457 4,361,646 (265,811) 

Administration of Foreign Affairs - 4,513,346 4,361,646 (151,700)

 State Programs - 4,389,064 4,311,745 (77,319)

 Diplomatic and Consular Programs - 4,389,064 4,311,745 (77,319)

 Ongoing Operations - 4,152,863 3,590,218 (562,645)

 Worldwide Security Protection - 236,201 721,527 485,326

 Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance - 33,000 - (33,000)

 Ongoing Operations - 33,000 - (33,000)

 Other Administration of Foreign Affairs - 91,282 49,901 (41,381)

 Conflict Stabilization Operations (CSO) - 8,500 - (8,500)

 Office of the Inspector General - 67,182 49,901 (17,281)

 Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs - 15,600 - (15,600) 

International Organizations - 101,300 - (101,300)

 Contributions to International Organizations (CIO) - 101,300 - (101,300) 

Broadcasting Board of Governors - 4,400 - (4,400)

 International Broadcasting Operations - 4,400 - (4,400) 

Other Programs - 8,411 - (8,411)

 United States Institute of Peace - 8,411 - (8,411) 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS - OCO4 297,220 6,575,330 3,882,871 (2,692,459) 

U.S Agency for International Development - OCO - 259,500 84,000 (175,500)

 USAID Operating Expenses (OE) - 255,000 84,000 (171,000)

 USAID Inspector General Operating Expenses - 4,500 - (4,500) 

Bilateral Economic Assistance - OCO - 3,217,016 1,037,871 (2,179,145)

 International Disaster Assistance (IDA) - 150,000 - (150,000)

 Transition Initiatives (TI) - 6,554 - (6,554)

 Complex Crises Fund (CCF) - 30,000 - (30,000)

 Economic Support Fund (ESF)1 - 2,801,462 1,037,871 (1,763,591)

 Migration and Refugee Assistance (MRA) - 229,000 - (229,000) 

Department of Treasury - 1,552 - (1,552)

 Treasury Technical Assistance - 1,552 - (1,552) 

International Security Assistance - OCO 297,220 3,097,262 2,761,000 (336,262)

 International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE)1 - 943,605 1,050,000 106,395

 Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining and Related Programs (NADR) - 120,657 - (120,657)

 Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) - 81,000 - (81,000)

 Foreign Military Financing (FMF) - 1,102,000 911,000 (191,000)

 Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund (PCCF)2 297,220 800,000 800,000 -

 Global Security Contingency Fund - 50,000 - (50,000) 

Footnotes 

1/ The FY 2012 Estimate for Economic Support Fund (ESF) and International Narcotics and Law Enforcement (INCLE) reflects a $40 million transfer from INCLE to 

ESF. 

2/ The FY 2011 Actual reflects the $297.22 million transfer to the Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund (PCCF) from the Department of Defense Pakistan 

Counterinsurgency Fund (PCF). 

136
Overseas Contingency Operations Overview 

The Administration’s FY 2013 International Affairs request includes $8.2 billion for Overseas 

Contingency Operations (OCO). This title funds the extraordinary, but temporary, costs of the 

Department of State and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) operations in the 

Frontline States of Iraq, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. This approach, similar to the Department of Defense 

request, allows the Department and USAID to clearly identify the exceptional costs of operating in these 

countries that are focal points of U.S national security policy and require a significant U.S. civilian 

presence. In addition, it separates OCO costs from the permanent base requirements in the Frontline 

States, which will endure after OCO funding is phased out. In FY 2013, OCO funds will support security 

assistance programs transitioned from the Department of Defense and the entirely civilian-led mission in 

Iraq. OCO will provide resources for our continuing diplomatic platform and foreign assistance programs 

in Afghanistan, including assistance focused on foundational investments in economic growth, 

reconciliation and reintegration, and capacity building. And in Pakistan, it will support our goal of 

developing a responsible partnership to create stability and check the spread of extremism. 

137
 

 

 

Diplomatic and Consular Programs - OCO 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Diplomatic and Consular Programs - 4,389,064 4,311,745 -77,319 

Ongoing Operations - 4,152,863 3,590,218 -562,645 

Worldwide Security Protection - 236,201 721,527 485,326 

The Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) request for Diplomatic and Consular Programs (D&CP) 

totals $4.31 billion. The D&CP OCO funding addresses the extraordinary and temporary costs of 

diplomatic operations in the Frontline States of Iraq, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. This funding is critical to 

achieving U.S. national security goals of the highest priority: establishing a secure, stable, democratic, 

and self-reliant Iraq that will change the strategic landscape of the Middle East and defeating al-Qaida and 

its associates in Afghanistan while working to eliminate terrorist safe havens in Pakistan. 

D&CP - Ongoing Operations 

In Iraq, OCO funding of $2.26 billion in Ongoing Operations meets requirements for operating and 

securing the Department’s diplomatic platform in an extremely high-threat environment. With the 

departure of U.S. troops at the end of 2011, the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad has become the foundation for 

all U.S. programs and efforts in Iraq. The diplomatic mission has also assumed responsibility for 

numerous essential activities previously performed by DOD, ranging from providing airlift to protecting 

civilian personnel. The Department will have primary responsibility for helping Iraq capitalize on its 

economic wealth, political influence, and cultural clout, all of which give it the potential to play a key role 

in the Middle East. Broadening and deepening engagement with Iraq in the wake of the U.S. military-tocivilian transition will require major personnel and resource commitments for expanded operations. The 

Department will operate the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad, as well as consulates in Basrah, Erbil, and Kirkuk. 

In addition to security costs for these operations, the Department will continue to support logistics, life 

support, and International Cooperative Administrative Support Services (ICASS) costs for several 

U.S. Government agencies with a minimal presence in Baghdad. 

In Afghanistan, OCO funding of $1.25 billion in Ongoing Operations meets operational and security 

requirements for the ongoing increased civilian presence as the transition from military to civilian led 

operations accelerates in FY 2013. To consolidate the military gains made against al-Qaeda and other 

extremists, civilians will work to build a more accountable and effective Afghan government that serves 

its people, generates economic opportunities, and functions with limited international support. The 

request includes support for a new consulate in Kandahar and a new diplomatic platform in Herat and 

Mazar-e Sharif, as well as support for aviation assets. 

In Pakistan, OCO funding of $79.0 million in Ongoing Operations addresses the costs associated with 

enhanced bilateral engagement and a greater civilian presence. The Department will help sustain close 

cooperation with Pakistan by helping lay the foundations for long-term economic stability and sustainable 

growth; working with Pakistanis to develop security capabilities; and convincing them to systematically 

confront extremist threats. Funding will also support improved coordination and oversight of assistance 

programs, new communication efforts, strengthened people-to-people ties, and a safe operational platform 

for U.S. civilian agencies. 

138
D&CP - Worldwide Security Protection 

In Afghanistan, OCO funding of $641.9 million for Worldwide Security Protection addresses the 

increasing security needs of an expanding mission in a war environment. The funding will support a 

responsible security transition, including security measures for Kabul, Herat, Mazar-e Sharif, Kandahar, 

and Jalalabad; the relocation of a Kabul facility that will house the Embassy security force; and an 

increase in protective services at diplomatic facilities. 

In Pakistan, OCO funding of $79.6 million for Worldwide Security Protection similarly provides for 

overseas protective operations of U.S. civilians at the Embassy and consulates. 

There is no WSP funding requested for operations in Iraq. 

139
 

Office of Inspector General - OCO 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Office of Inspector General - 67,182 49,901 -17,281 

The OCO request for the Office of Inspector General appropriation totals $49.9 million. Specifically, this 

funding is for the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR), and will allow 

SIGAR to keep pace with the expanding U.S. reconstruction effort in Afghanistan. SIGAR reports 

directly to, and is under the supervision of, the Secretaries of State and Defense. The lower FY 2013 

request reflects the planned end of the mission of the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction 

(SIGIR) in 2012. SIGIR’s FY 2013 resource requirements were included in the FY 2012 enacted budget. 

140
 

USAID Operating Expenses - OCO 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

USAID Operating Expenses - 255,000 84,000 -171,000 

The Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review calls for “elevating American ‘civilian power’ to 

better advance our national interests and be a better partner with the U.S. military.” The U.S. Agency for 

International Development (USAID) Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) Operating Expense (OE) 

request provides the resources to respond to this challenge. It funds the extraordinary costs of operations 

in the frontline state of Afghanistan. 

For FY 2013, the $84 million USAID OCO OE request will cover the salaries and operational costs 

associated with approximately 133 personnel working on programs and activities deemed non-enduring, 

our of 333 American personnel planned for USAID operations in Afghanistan for FY 2013. 

141
Economic Support Fund - OCO 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Economic Support Fund - 2,801,462 1,037,871 -1,763,591 

* FY 2012 Economic Support Fund - OCO includes a $40 million transfer from International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement - OCO. 

The FY 2013 Economic Support Fund (ESF) request includes $1,038 million for Overseas Contingency 

Operations (OCO) for Afghanistan. The ESF OCO funds for Afghanistan that directly support or 

contribute to counterinsurgency efforts. 

The FY 2013 ESF OCO request, entirely for Afghanistan, will support programs linked to stabilization 

needs, foundational investments in critical sectors, and capacity building essential for a sustainable 

transition of security and governance to the Government of Afghanistan (GIRoA). The emphasis of ESF 

OCO will be on limited-term priority transition programs in key sectors, with a focus on programs that 

directly support or contribute to the counterinsurgency strategy or underwrite core foundational 

investments key to transition and economic stability. The request will fund a combination of targeted 

programs, across multiple sectors, which support the U.S. strategy in Afghanistan by promoting 

interventions to strengthen national and sub-national governance, build Afghanistan’s capacity to provide 

services and job opportunities to citizens, while laying the groundwork for sustainable progress. 

Specifically, FY 2013 ESF OCO resources will support transition efforts in the areas of stabilization, 

governance, strategic communications, economic growth, and counternarcotics. 

Stabilization programs will help mitigate potential security back-sliding by jump-starting GIRoA 

engagement with communities during clear-hold and hold-build phases. 

Governance programs will provide targeted technical assistance to build the capacity of the GIRoA to 

increasingly manage operations. 

The strategic communications program will focus on countering extremist voices and building Afghan 

communication capacity. The requested ESF-OCO resources will help establish and sustain effective 

communications among the Afghan people, the Afghan central and local governments, and Afghanistan’s 

present and potential international partners. 

Economic growth programs will focus on supporting the broader energy security needs of the nation; 

developing indigenous power production; expanding power transmission capability, efficiency and 

reliability; and building the capacity of the GIRoA to do necessary operations and maintenance as well as 

generate the revenue needed for cost recovery and sustainability. Funds will also support water and 

irrigation projects, with an emphasis on increasing national capabilities to manage and maintain the 

country’s infrastructure, similar to the assistance objectives in previous years with power and roads. The 

infrastructure programs represent a concerted civil-military effort that unites the U.S. Department of 

Defense (DoD) and the Department of State in the Afghanistan Infrastructure Program (AIP) to achieve 

shared objectives. Under the AIP, DoD resources from the Afghanistan Infrastructure Fund (AIF) are 

oriented to infrastructure in key terrain districts that require greater COIN impacts, by providing fuel and 

expanding power, transport, and water services in southern and eastern provinces. The ESF OCO 

resources will serve as the bridge from short-term temporary solutions provided through AIF funding to 

long-term sustainable solutions that are required to both keep the insurgency defeated but also guarantee 

sustained economic growth. 

142
ESF OCO funds also will support the counternarcotics strategy for Afghanistan. These funds will support 

alternative development programs, which will continue to focus on reducing illegal crop production 

through alternative livelihoods programs that improve economic opportunities in rural areas, expand the 

range of licit choices available to Afghan farmers, and reduce dependency on illicit opium production. To 

incentivize Afghan farmers to abandon poppy, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) 

will focus resources toward licit income generation and job creation programs that give Afghan farmers a 

broader range of livelihood choices. Due to the nexus of the narcotics industry and the insurgency, 

providing alternatives to poppy production is critical to the stabilization of Afghanistan. 

143
International Narcotics and Law Enforcement - OCO 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

International Narcotics and Law Enforcement - 943,605 1,050,000 106,395 

* FY 2012 includes a transfer of $40 million to the Economic Support Fund - OCO. 

The FY 2013 International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE) request includes funding 

for Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) for Iraq and Afghanistan. The request of $1,050 million 

includes $850 million for a full year of operations of the Police Development Program (PDP) in Iraq, and 

$200 million for the interdiction, justice, corrections, and various support programs in Afghanistan. 

Iraq ($850 million) 

The Iraq PDP, designed as a strong successor to the United States military police training program, will 

increase the ability of the Ministry of Interior and the Iraqi Police Services to manage and sustain policing 

operations and enable civilian police to assume responsibility for providing Iraq’s internal security. This 

effort will support and protect U.S. strategic interests in the region by promoting democracy and the rule 

of law, discouraging corruption and sectarian behavior, and assisting in the development of a sovereign, 

stable and self-reliant Iraq. 

The PDP will include approximately 190 advisors, based in three hub cities (Baghdad, Basrah, and Erbil), 

who will travel to approximately 30 Government of Iraq critical 'spoke' sites in an estimated ten 

provinces. The advisors will help to build capacity in higher-level management and leadership through 

on-site mentoring, advising, and training. The PDP also includes a robust instructor development 

program and supports training at regional and national Iraqi academies to ensure a uniform training 

standard throughout the country. The PDP will focus on advancing specialized policing skills such as 

criminal investigations, forensics, and border security for Iraqi officials at all levels as appropriate, 

working with the Department of Justice (DOJ) (e.g., the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and 

Explosives (ATF), the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), the Federal Bureau of Investigation 

(FBI), and the U.S. Marshals Service) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) (e.g., 

U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement). In addition, the 

program will fund Iraqi officers to attend United States-based training at policing academies and those 

facilities operated by the FBI, DEA, ATF, and DHS or other international police training venues such as 

the International Law Enforcement Academies. The PDP also is partnering with respected organizations 

such as the International Association of Chiefs of Police to provide specialized training and a unique 

multi-cultural policing experience for Iraqi police officials. 

The PDP is complemented by robust rule of law programs for integrated criminal justice sector 

development. DOJ will participate with a number of other implementers in efforts to build 

communication between the provincial courts and the central courts in Baghdad, resolving roadblocks in 

the Iraqi legal system, and helping to develop the Higher Judicial Council’s administrative capacity. 

Funds will also support capacity building work in the justice sector by addressing judicial outreach and 

development, administrative processes, and anti-corruption efforts. The corrections program will 

maintain advanced skills in senior Iraq Corrections Service leaders at post-trial corrections facilities and 

begin an initiative to raise Iraq’s capacity to operate safe, secure, humane pre-trial detentions facilities in 

accordance with international standards. A demand reduction program will support education and 

technical development to provide prevention and treatment services and implement a nationwide drug 

144
 

 

 

demand reduction strategy. Funds will also support a substantial anti-corruption, anti-money laundering, 

and anti-terrorist financing program, working with the Commission on Integrity, the Inspectors General, 

and the Central Bank of Iraq. 

In addition to providing criminal justice sector programmatic support, funds will pay for Embassyprovided security and life support, aviation, and other transportation operations and maintenance, and 

personnel recruitment and training. 

Afghanistan ($200 million) 

FY 2013 funds will straddle the period of transition for the U.S. mission in Afghanistan to one of host 

nation security lead. U.S. military forces will be drawing down in significant numbers, dramatically 

increasing the responsibility of the Department of State, including those programs where State is closely 

partnered with the Department of Defense (DoD). Indeed, the success of the Department's programs in 

the areas of justice, corrections, and counternarcotics will help set the conditions for a successful 

drawdown of U.S. military assets in Afghanistan, as these programs continue their focus on 

“Afghanization” and sustainability. 

The Department of State works hand in hand with the U.S. military on security, rule of law, and local 

justice systems to enhance governance and Afghan ownership of the criminal justice process. The 

Department's criminal justice programs straddle the line between security and governance; the FY 2013 

OCO request for Administration of Justice funding focuses on: transition of donor supported activities to 

the Afghan government; promotion of civil society to create a demand for legal rights, as well as ensure a 

balance between the need for the government to provide security while also guaranteeing the protection of 

individual rights; and transition of current military projects to civilian oversight with the future military 

drawdown. The Justice Sector Support Program (JSSP) will give special attention to areas designated as 

crucial to the transition in order to sustain governance and security at efficacious levels. Funds will also 

support programs provincially, including at Provincial Justice Centers and for judicial security, anticorruption, and mentoring initiatives in the more insecure provinces. 

As the U.S. military draws down its forces in Afghanistan and increasingly transitions responsibility to 

the Afghan Government to house former U.S. military detainees, the United States must partner with the 

Afghan government to increase their staff training and improve organizational management and security 

practices to ensure that insurgents captured on the battlefield – whether by Coalition Forces or by Afghan 

National Security Forces – are housed securely, segregated from the common criminal population, and 

receive vocational and educational training to aid in their peaceful reintegration into Afghan society. 

FY 2013 OCO funds will continue corrections training and capacity building efforts through the 

Corrections System Support Program (CSSP); support the Central Prison Directorate to focus on prison 

industries, security threat group management, inmate programs, records and classification, alternatives to 

incarceration, human resources, budget, and training programs; and enable necessary renovations and 

security enhancements in provincial prisons and district detention facilities with an emphasis on those 

facilities most at risk from the insurgency. 

The Department of State continues to work with the Afghan Government, international partners, and the 

International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) to isolate the insurgency from the narcotics proceeds that 

fuel it. The success of the Afghan Government and international community in eliminating or degrading 

this important funding source for the insurgency will have a direct bearing on the U.S. military’s ability to 

confidently turn over security responsibilities to the Afghan Government. FY 2013 Counternarcotics 

funding will promote stabilization by incentivizing provincial governors’ counternarcotics and supply 

reduction activities and support sustainable, community-led development projects in provinces that have 

successfully reduced or eliminated poppy cultivation. Funds will also support interdiction programs to 

145
disrupt the narcotics-insurgency nexus and build a sustainable Afghan capacity to investigate and 

prosecute high-value drug traffickers. Funds may also provide direct support to the Drug Enforcement 

Administration (DEA) to support its counternarcotics law enforcement capacity building efforts, 

especially in technical areas such as electronic surveillance and intelligence analysis. 

Funds will also pay for program management and oversight, security and life support, aviation support 

and other transportation, operations and maintenance, and personnel recruitment and training. 

146
Foreign Military Financing - OCO 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Foreign Military Financing - 1,102,000 911,000 -191,000 

The FY 2013 Foreign Military Financing (FMF) Overseas Contingency Operations request includes 

funding for Iraq. This request reflects the second year of the transition of responsibility for military 

assistance programs from the Department of Defense to the Department of State. These programs were 

funded until FY 2011 through the Iraq Security Forces Fund. FMF funding for Iraq in FY 2013 will 

continue to ensure the sustainment of advances that Iraq has made in assuming responsibility for its own 

security. 

The request of $911 million will support the continued development of the Iraqi military until the Iraqis 

become self-sufficient, which is critical to Iraq's full assumption of security responsibilities, and will 

provide an important vehicle for cementing the United States' enduring partnership with Iraq during an 

important period of transition. Of this amount, $11 million will support the administrative costs 

associated with this program to support the security assistance personnel at the Office of Security 

Cooperation in Iraq. 

The requested funding for FY 2013 broadly focuses on helping the Iraqis increase the capacity and 

professionalism of the Iraqi military and builds upon the efforts made since 2003 by the United States 

military, Coalition forces, and Iraqi military operations and initiatives. The FMF program will parallel the 

stand up of the Office of Security Cooperation in Iraq and will help ensure that a strong relationship is in 

place as Iraq continues to use its own fiscal resources to contribute to peace and security in the region. 

The program will be focused on closing gaps in the Iraq Security Force’s minimum essential capabilities, 

supporting the development of enduring logistics capabilities and institutions to sustain U.S. and Iraqi 

post-war investments, and strengthening the United States' long-term strategic partnership with Iraq. 

147
Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund - OCO 

($ in thousands) FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Increase / 

Decrease 

Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund 297,220 800,000 800,000 -

* FY 2011 includes a transfer of $297.22 million from the Department of Defense Pakistan Counterinsurgency Fund. FY 2012 includes a 

transfer of $50 million to the Global Security Contingency Fund. 

The Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund (PCCF) is designed to build the counterinsurgency 

(COIN) capabilities of Pakistan’s security forces engaged in operations against militant extremists in the 

Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. The FY 2013 PCCF request of 

$800 million will further support the development and sustainment of the Pakistan security forces’ 

capacity to secure its borders with Afghanistan, reduce extremist access to safe havens in the border 

regions from which attacks on U.S. and international forces in Afghanistan are planned and executed, 

fight insurgents, and provide security for the local population. In particular, PCCF will target operational 

deficiencies that have prevented Pakistani security forces from adequately protecting deployed forces. 

PCCF funding will continue to enhance the capabilities of the Pakistan Army, the Pakistan Air Force, and 

the Frontier Corps in the following key areas: air mobility; night operations; counter-improvised 

explosive devices; command and control; intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance; close air support; 

joint fires; intelligence driven operations; and combat logistics and sustainment, with a priority on 

communications, survivability, precision targeting, and night operations support. Funding will be used 

for a combination of infrastructure enhancements, counter-insurgency related training, and equipment. In 

addition, PCCF will provide modest support to assist the development of local law enforcement and the 

FATA Levy Forces, in coordination with other State efforts. 

148
APPENDIX: 

ACCOUNT TABLES 

149
Global Health Programs - USAID 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

TOTAL 2,498,000 2,625,000 2,504,000

 Africa 1,265,573 1,369,802 1,301,410

 Angola 40,353 40,500 39,700

 Benin 28,197 28,400 23,500

 Burkina Faso 5,988 9,000 6,000

 Burundi 11,544 16,560 14,500

 Cameroon 1,500 1,500 1,500

 Democratic Republic of the Congo 86,046 97,850 89,700

 Djibouti 400 - -

Ethiopia 106,482 120,500 106,900

 Ghana 62,543 66,500 60,300

 Guinea 17,469 17,500 15,500

 Kenya 75,345 78,150 79,400

 Lesotho 6,400 6,400 6,400

 Liberia 32,340 30,700 30,700

 Madagascar 52,797 50,100 49,000

 Malawi 67,995 70,000 70,400

 Mali 54,597 59,650 61,250

 Mozambique 62,674 65,200 66,600

 Namibia 1,946 2,000 -

Nigeria 101,971 132,000 108,900

 Rwanda 42,415 42,100 43,500

 Senegal 51,253 53,950 53,400

 Somalia 1,547 1,550 -

South Africa 15,469 10,000 11,000

 South Sudan 34,848 44,210 36,010

 Swaziland 6,900 6,900 6,900

 Tanzania 89,222 98,100 91,700

 Uganda 75,349 80,475 81,000

 Zambia 52,794 55,375 57,100

 Zimbabwe 37,459 41,500 38,000

 Africa Regional 18,121 17,832 26,550

 East Africa Regional 8,524 9,800 9,600

 Southern Africa Regional 2,000 2,000 2,000

 West Africa Regional 13,085 13,500 14,400

 East Asia and Pacific 130,899 135,750 133,250

 Burma 2,100 3,000 10,800

 Cambodia 32,460 32,500 34,000

 Indonesia 37,191 37,750 36,750

 Laos 1,000 - -

Papua New Guinea 2,500 2,500 2,500

 Philippines 32,437 33,000 31,000

 Thailand 1,000 1,000 1,000

150
Global Health Programs - USAID 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Timor-Leste 1,996 3,000 2,000

 Regional Development Mission-Asia (RDM/A) 20,215 23,000 15,200

 Europe and Eurasia 14,582 13,550 26,250

 Armenia 399 - 2,500

 Azerbaijan 1,248 - -

Georgia - - 4,000

 Russia 8,488 8,500 10,750

 Ukraine 3,997 4,000 7,900

 Eurasia Regional 450 1,050 1,100

 Near East 8,982 6,000 9,500

 Yemen 8,982 6,000 9,500

 South and Central Asia 278,453 192,400 191,600

 Afghanistan 69,660 - -

Bangladesh 61,483 69,600 64,900

 India 78,385 76,000 69,500

 Kazakhstan 1,996 400 2,500

 Kyrgyz Republic 998 2,500 4,000

 Nepal 32,645 36,650 38,200

 Pakistan 28,443 - -

Tajikistan 1,248 3,250 7,500

 Turkmenistan 399 - -

Uzbekistan 2,196 3,000 4,000

 Central Asia Regional 1,000 1,000 1,000

 Western Hemisphere 130,977 105,491 86,816

 Bolivia 16,367 14,100 9,500

 Brazil 4,990 - -

Dominican Republic 9,043 7,750 6,750

 El Salvador 3,086 - -

Guatemala 18,068 17,600 17,100

 Haiti 26,946 25,000 25,100

 Honduras 10,988 8,000 4,500

 Jamaica 1,200 - -

Mexico 3,455 1,000 -

Nicaragua 5,891 2,900 -

Peru 9,123 5,000 -

Barbados and Eastern Caribbean 5,750 6,950 6,950

 Central America Regional 5,391 5,391 5,391

 Latin America and Caribbean Regional 5,390 7,800 7,525

 South America Regional 5,289 4,000 4,000

Asia Middle East Regional 5,490 5,500 5,700

Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance 12,974 15,000 13,000

 Special Protection and Assistance Needs of Survivors (SPANS) 12,974 15,000 13,000

151
Global Health Programs - USAID 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Global Health 650,070 752,139 736,474

 Global Health - Core 320,991 354,094 355,929

 Blind Children 1,996 2,500 -

Commodity Fund 20,335 20,335 20,335

 Global Alliance for Vaccine Immunization 89,820 130,000 145,000

 International AIDS Vaccine Initiative 28,710 28,710 28,710

 Iodine Deficiency Disorder 1,500 2,000 2,000

 Microbicides 45,000 45,000 45,000

 Neglected Tropical Diseases 76,846 89,000 67,000

 Pandemic Influenza and Other Emerging Threats 47,904 58,000 53,000

 TB Drug Facility 14,970 15,000 13,500

 Multiple Drug Resistance Financing 1,998 4,500 3,000

 New Partners Fund - 3,000 3,000

Unallocated - 29,368 -

152
Global Health Programs - State 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

TOTAL 5,334,310 5,542,860 5,350,000

 Africa 3,646,673 3,370,638 2,956,818

 Angola 10,300 10,300 10,300 

Botswana 74,443 66,000 60,640 

Burundi 15,000 5,000 5,000 

Cameroon 21,250 11,250 15,250 

Cote d'Ivoire 93,305 118,305 121,422 

Democratic Republic of the Congo 39,635 24,635 37,238 

Djibouti 1,800 1,800 1,800 

Ethiopia 289,089 254,089 54,089 

Ghana 9,000 9,000 8,700 

Kenya 498,760 468,760 277,402 

Lesotho 26,650 21,650 21,224 

Liberia 2,800 800 695 

Madagascar 500 500 -

Malawi 46,448 46,448 45,098 

Mali 1,500 1,500 1,500 

Mozambique 261,953 255,239 209,739 

Namibia 101,122 88,809 73,500 

Nigeria 471,227 441,227 438,600 

Rwanda 109,072 99,072 104,086 

Senegal 1,535 1,535 1,397 

Sierra Leone 500 500 -

South Africa 535,319 469,969 459,427 

South Sudan 12,036 12,036 16,600 

Swaziland 52,700 30,700 30,700 

Tanzania 336,254 327,039 344,295 

Uganda 309,084 284,084 281,397 

Zambia 283,661 283,661 295,930 

Zimbabwe 39,330 34,330 38,605 

East Africa Regional 800 800 692 

Southern Africa Regional 1,600 1,600 1,492 

East Asia and Pacific 98,468 80,968 79,146

 Cambodia 3,000 3,000 3,000 

China 5,000 3,000 2,000 

Indonesia 5,250 3,250 250 

Papua New Guinea 2,500 2,500 5,000 

Thailand 500 500 335 

Vietnam 81,978 66,978 66,978 

Regional Development Mission-Asia (RDM/A) 240 1,740 1,583 

Europe and Eurasia 22,528 20,678 27,200

 Georgia 850 - -

Russia 2,300 1,300 -

153
Global Health Programs - State 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Ukraine 19,378 19,378 27,200 

South and Central Asia 23,504 21,254 25,780

 Afghanistan 250 

India 9,000 7,000 7,000 

Central Asia Regional 14,254 14,254 18,780 

Western Hemisphere 203,323 189,363 175,219

 Belize 20 - -

Brazil 1,300 1,300 1,300 

Dominican Republic 9,250 9,250 9,025 

El Salvador 20 - -

Guyana 13,525 10,525 6,681 

Haiti 156,240 141,240 131,543 

Honduras 1,000 1,000 1,000 

Jamaica 300 - -

Nicaragua 897 - -

Peru 50 - -

Barbados and Eastern Caribbean 14,550 14,850 14,850 

Central America Regional 6,171 11,198 10,820 

Asia Middle East Regional 650 - -

Asia Middle East Regional 650 - -

Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator 1,339,164 1,859,959 2,085,837

 Additional Funding for Country Programs - 123,432 129,000 

International Partnerships 791,414 1,345,000 1,695,000 

Oversight/Management 171,874 174,096 181,837 

Technical Support//Strategic Information/Evaluation 375,876 217,431 80,000 

154
Development Assistance 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

TOTAL 2,519,950 2,519,950 2,525,500

 Africa 1,016,337 1,000,552 1,000,717

 Angola 2,300 - -

Benin 2,557 - -

Burundi 2,736 - 2,000

 Djibouti 4,000 1,650 1,700

 Ethiopia 77,782 94,398 91,782

 Ghana 92,568 95,568 109,154

 Guinea 7,000 5,700 5,700

 Kenya 75,813 92,000 92,940

 Madagascar 1,350 - -

Malawi 37,000 26,500 19,000

 Mali 71,143 72,143 66,143

 Mozambique 39,165 37,165 37,477

 Niger 2,500 1,000 2,000

 Nigeria 55,791 50,291 50,200

 Rwanda 68,482 54,500 53,600

 Senegal 44,600 50,000 33,900

 South Africa 15,734 14,734 14,600

 Tanzania 75,193 105,000 134,145

 Uganda 70,586 64,999 62,586

 Zambia 36,226 28,726 26,700

 Africa Regional 68,850 50,566 50,566

 Central Africa Regional 21,150 21,000 19,174

 East Africa Regional 47,449 45,500 45,150

 Southern Africa Regional 27,530 24,530 23,700

 West Africa Regional 68,832 64,582 58,500

 East Asia and Pacific 318,877 285,990 299,749

 Cambodia 24,000 28,350 27,566

 China 7,000 - -

Indonesia 123,995 105,000 112,000

 Laos 1,455 1,350 1,350

 Marshall Islands 492 492 500

 Micronesia 492 492 500

 Mongolia 6,198 3,000 6,100

 Philippines 79,055 81,055 86,682

 Thailand 5,051 5,051 5,051

 Timor-Leste 11,139 9,500 9,800

 Vietnam 22,000 18,000 21,700

 Regional Development Mission-Asia (RDM/A) 38,000 33,700 28,500

 Near East 19,039 16,539 19,676

 Morocco 19,039 16,539 19,676

155
Development Assistance 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

South and Central Asia 146,527 126,286 130,695

 Bangladesh 79,286 81,686 86,000

 India 26,500 18,500 15,500

 Maldives 3,000 2,000 2,000

 Nepal 19,000 14,600 14,000

 Sri Lanka 14,741 8,000 10,900

 South Asia Regional 4,000 1,500 2,295

 Western Hemisphere 361,463 330,285 348,928

 Bolivia 10,350 6,500 7,515

 Brazil 15,000 12,000 2,000

 Dominican Republic 18,103 12,300 13,300

 Ecuador 17,270 14,000 16,000

 El Salvador 23,904 23,904 39,000

 Guatemala 49,325 46,325 56,000

 Guyana 3,000 - -

Honduras 42,266 46,266 49,000

 Jamaica 5,350 5,000 5,000

 Mexico 25,000 33,350 23,000

 Nicaragua 16,400 8,900 12,000

 Paraguay 5,500 2,500 5,000

 Peru 49,789 45,000 47,300

 Barbados and Eastern Caribbean 11,231 11,640 12,600

 Central America Regional 17,000 15,500 13,500

 Latin America and Caribbean Regional 47,445 37,100 38,213

 South America Regional 4,530 10,000 9,500

Asia Middle East Regional 18,491 18,530 16,700

BFS - Bureau for Food Security 219,306 276,400 304,300

DCHA - Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance 96,830 104,650 116,435

EGAT - Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade 181,000 145,700 169,200

IDEA - Office of Innovation and Development Alliances - 86,418 68,763

MFS - Multilateral Food Security Programs 25,000 14,600 -

ODP - Office of Development Partners 78,471 - -

PPL - Policy, Planning and Learning 17,000 28,000 50,337

Unallocated 6,432 86,000 -

USAID Forward: Program Effectiveness Initiatives 13,000 - -

USAID Program Management Initiatives 2,177 - -

156
Economic Support Fund 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 

Actual Estimate Request 

TOTAL ESF 5,931,714 5,796,207 5,886,442

Total Enduring 5,931,714 2,994,745 4,848,571

 Africa 503,540 607,731 562,199

 Cote d'Ivoire 14,715 14,715 13,500

 Democratic Republic of the Congo 45,915 47,915 50,100

 Liberia 124,532 124,276 105,200

 Sierra Leone 6,500 4,500 5,000

 Somalia 19,627 19,627 19,400

 South Sudan 223,431 305,360 288,499

 Sudan 26,393 30,000 37,600

 Uganda - 5,000 -

Zimbabwe 25,578 25,578 23,600

 African Union 760 760 900

 Africa Regional 16,089 20,000 18,400

 East Africa Regional - 10,000 -

East Asia and Pacific 90,892 88,115 55,800

 Burma 36,427 35,100 27,200

 Cambodia 12,000 7,000 5,000

 China 5,000 10,500 4,500

 North Korea 3,493 - -

Timor-Leste 2,994 1,000 -

Vietnam 18,463 15,000 7,100

 East Asia and Pacific Regional 12,515 12,515 12,000

 Regional Development Mission-Asia (RDM/A) - 7,000 -

Europe and Eurasia 15,852 6,000 358,077

 Albania - - 10,025

 Armenia - - 27,219

 Azerbaijan - - 11,029

 Belarus - - 11,000

 Bosnia and Herzegovina - - 28,556

 Cyprus 8,362 3,500 3,200

 Georgia - - 42,660

 Kosovo - - 42,544

 Macedonia - - 9,812

 Moldova - - 14,050

 Montenegro - - 335

 Poland - - 3,000

 Russia - - 36,229

 Serbia - - 19,913

 Ukraine - - 53,957

 Eurasia Regional 2,495 - 21,137

 Europe Regional 2,495 - 20,911

157
Economic Support Fund 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

International Fund for Ireland 2,500 2,500 2,500

 Near East 1,675,925 1,539,430 1,394,350

 Egypt 249,500 250,000 250,000

 Iraq 325,700 299,400 262,850

 Jordan 362,274 360,000 360,000

 Lebanon 84,725 84,725 70,000

 Morocco 2,281 - -

Tunisia 5,000 5,000 10,000

 West Bank and Gaza 395,699 395,699 370,000

 Yemen 26,606 26,606 38,000

 Egypt Debt Relief 100,000 - -

Middle East Multilaterals (MEM) 1,140 1,500 1,000

 Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI) 80,000 70,000 -

Middle East Regional Cooperation (MERC) 3,000 5,000 2,500

 Near East Regional Democracy 35,000 35,000 30,000

 Trans-Sahara Counter-Terrorism Partnership (TSCTP) - 1,500 -

Middle East Regional (OMEP) 5,000 5,000 -

South and Central Asia 2,906,927 32,003 1,839,195

 Afghanistan 1,967,509 - 811,399

 Kazakhstan - - 6,892

 Kyrgyz Republic - - 32,819

 Nepal 16,979 26,979 17,000

 Pakistan 918,904 - 928,250

 Tajikistan - - 19,125

 Turkmenistan - - 4,640

 Uzbekistan - - 5,512

 Central Asia Regional - - 2,358

 South and Central Asia Regional 3,535 5,024 11,200

 Western Hemisphere 435,130 466,541 434,200

 Colombia 184,426 179,000 155,000

 Cuba 20,000 20,000 15,000

 El Salvador - 2,000 -

Haiti 131,000 148,281 141,000

 Mexico 18,000 33,260 35,000

 Venezuela 5,000 5,000 3,000

 Western Hemisphere Regional 76,704 79,000 85,200

 Caribbean Basin Security Initiative (CBSI) [17,000] [17,000] [26,200]

 Central American Regional Security Initative (CARSI) [30,000] [45,000] [47,500]

 Asia Middle East Regional 5,000 - -

CT - Counterterrorism - 5,000 10,500

 DCHA - Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance 30,458 27,900 -

DRL - Democracy, Human Rights and Labor - 6,000 64,000

 ECA - Educational and Cultural Affairs - 5,000 -

EGAT - Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade 15,352 15,352 13,500

158
Economic Support Fund 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

ENR - Energy Resources - 9,000 14,250

 Middle East Response Fund 135,000 50,000 -

OES - Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs 105,552 115,552 101,000

 PPL - Policy, Planning and Learning 1,000 - -

Unallocated 9,836 13,521 -

Special Representatives 1,250 7,000 1,500

 Foreign Assistance Program Evaluation - 600 -

Total Overseas Contingency Operations - ESF - 2,801,462 1,037,871

 South and Central Asia - 2,801,462 1,037,871

 Afghanistan - 1,936,762 1,037,871

 Pakistan - 864,700 -

159

 

Migration and Refugee Assistance & U.S. Emergency Refugee and 

Migration Assistance Fund
 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 

Actual Estimate Request 

TOTAL MRA 1,694,604 1,875,100 1,625,400

TOTAL Enduring - MRA 1,694,604 1,646,100 1,625,400

 Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM) 1,694,604 1,646,100 1,625,400

 Africa 345,822 394,700 400,040

 East Asia 38,300 45,400 46,700

 Europe 49,700 46,100 31,000

 Near East 533,300 443,690 476,820

 South Asia 105,650 87,955 107,600

 Western Hemisphere 57,084 53,855 47,200

 Protection Priorities 136,548 156,500 140,030

 Migration 18,200 24,400 16,010

 Administrative Expenses 28,000 33,500 35,000

 Humanitarian Migrants to Israel 25,000 20,000 15,000

 Refugee Admissions 357,000 340,000 310,000

Total Overseas Contingency Operations - MRA - 229,000 -

U.S. Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance 49,900 27,200 50,000

160
Middle East and North Africa Incentive Fund 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

TOTAL Middle East and North Africa Incentive Fund - - 770,000

 Near East - - 770,000

 Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI) - - 65,000

 USAID Middle East Regional (OMEP) - - 5,000

 Middle East and North Africa Incentive Fund - - 700,000

161
International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 

Actual Estimate Request 

TOTAL INCLE 1,593,806 2,004,705 2,506,502

TOTAL Enduring 1,593,806 1,061,100 1,456,502

 Africa 61,368 85,900 74,947

 Democratic Republic of the Congo 6,000 6,000 5,250

 Ghana 500 - -

Guinea 500 - -

Kenya 2,000 2,000 1,800

 Liberia 16,000 17,000 15,662

 Mozambique 500 500 500

 Nigeria 1,250 - -

Somalia - 2,000 1,800

 South Africa 2,000 3,000 2,000

 South Sudan 25,000 32,000 27,404

 Sudan 2,000 - 2,000

 Tanzania 450 450 450

 Uganda 235 600 581

 Africa Regional 4,933 22,350 17,500

 East Asia and Pacific 17,885 24,645 18,682

 China 800 800 800

 Indonesia 10,520 11,550 10,066

 Laos 1,000 1,000 1,000

 Malaysia - - 800

 Philippines 2,065 2,450 2,450

 Thailand 1,740 1,740 1,466

 Timor-Leste 660 660 660

 Vietnam - 550 450

 East Asia and Pacific Regional 1,100 5,895 990

 Europe and Eurasia - - 48,633

 Albania - - 4,450

 Armenia - - 2,824

 Azerbaijan - - 1,226

 Bosnia and Herzegovina - - 6,735

 Georgia - - 4,000

 Kosovo - - 10,674

 Macedonia - - 1,663

 Moldova - - 3,230

 Montenegro - - 1,826

 Russia - - 4,182

 Serbia - - 3,000

 Ukraine - - 4,100

 Eurasia Regional - - 323

 Europe Regional - - 400

162
International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Near East 290,340 135,395 107,894

 Egypt 1,000 - 7,894

 Iraq 114,560 - -

Jordan 250 500 -

Lebanon 19,500 25,000 15,500

 Morocco 750 1,500 1,500

 Tunisia 1,500 - 8,000

 West Bank and Gaza 150,000 100,000 70,000

 Yemen 1,750 7,395 4,000

 Trans-Sahara Counter-Terrorism Partnership (TSCTP) 1,030 1,000 1,000

 South and Central Asia 522,558 12,814 554,619

 Afghanistan 400,000 - 400,000

 Bangladesh 350 674 674

 Kazakhstan - - 1,471

 Kyrgyz Republic - - 6,156

 Nepal 3,700 3,700 3,330

 Pakistan 114,298 - 124,000

 Sri Lanka - 1,440 1,440

 Tajikistan - - 7,255

 Turkmenistan - - 550

 Uzbekistan - - 743

 South and Central Asia Regional 4,210 7,000 9,000

 Western Hemisphere 506,220 568,270 476,450

 Argentina 300 300 -

Bolivia 15,000 7,500 5,000

 Brazil 1,000 3,000 2,000

 Colombia 204,000 160,600 142,000

 Ecuador 4,500 4,500 4,500

 Guatemala 3,992 5,000 2,000

 Haiti 19,420 19,420 17,500

 Mexico1 117,000 248,500 199,000

 Paraguay 500 500 150

 Peru 31,500 28,950 23,300

 Western Hemisphere Regional 109,008 90,000 81,000

 Caribbean Basin Security Initiative (CBSI) [37,500] [30,000] [21,000]

 Central American Regional Security Initative (CARSI) [71,508] [60,000] [60,000]

Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking In Persons 16,233 18,720 18,720

 INL - International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs 179,202 190,356 156,557

 Alien Smuggling/Border Security 1,000 1,000 750

 Anti-Money Laundering Programs 4,150 4,150 3,600

 Critical Flight Safety Program (CFSP) 16,250 16,250 12,385

 Civilian Policing 4,000 4,000 3,800

 Criminal Youth Gangs 7,000 7,000 3,000

 Cyber Crime and IPR 3,750 5,000 3,500

163
International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Demand Reduction 12,500 12,500 12,500

 Fighting Corruption 4,750 5,004 3,900

 International Law Enforcement Academy (ILEA) 34,000 31,300 24,000

 Inter-regional Aviation Support 57,052 53,652 46,322

 International Organizations 4,500 5,000 4,500

 International Organized Crime 1,000 1,000 750

 International Police Peacekeeping Operations Support (IPPOS) - 10,000 5,000

 Program Development and Support 29,250 34,500 32,550

 Middle East Response Fund - 25,000 -

Total Overseas Contingency Operations - INCLE - 943,605 1,050,000

 Near East - 503,605 850,000

 Iraq - 500,000 850,000

 Yemen - 3,605 -

South and Central Asia - 440,000 200,000

 Afghanistan - 324,000 200,000

 Pakistan - 116,000 -

1/ FY 2011 Actual level reflects only Mexico INCLE funding appropriated in the FY 2011 Full Year 

Continuing Appropriations (CR) Act. In addition to CR funding, Mexico received $175 million in the FY 2010 

Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2010 (P.L. 111-212) as "advance funding" on FY 2011 appropriations. 

164
   

Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining and Related Programs 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 

Actual Estimate Request 

TOTAL NADR 738,520 710,770 635,668

Total Enduring - NADR 738,520 590,113 635,668

Nonproliferation Programs 309,758 293,829 281,360

 Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund 53,263 30,000 30,000

 Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance 59,984 60,909 55,000

 Caribbean Basin Security Initiative [4,400] - -

Global Threat Reduction 70,088 68,978 63,560

 IAEA Voluntary Contribution 79,500 85,900 90,000

 CTBT International Monitoring System 33,000 33,000 33,000

 Weapons of Mass Destruction Terrorism 2,000 6,042 5,000

 UN Security Council Resolution 1540 Trust Fund 3,000 1,500 1,350

 CTBTO Preparatory Commission-Special Contributions 8,923 7,500 3,450

Anti-terrorism Programs 286,691 146,284 228,308

 Antiterrorism Assistance 199,691 79,284 166,380

 Caribbean Basin Security Initiative [2,000] [2,000] [1,800]

 Countering Violent Extremism 15,000 - 4,500

 Terrorist Interdiction Program 42,050 42,000 34,341

 CT Engagement with Allies 9,500 8,000 7,000

 Counterterrorism Financing 20,450 17,000 16,087

Regional Stability and Humanitarian Assistance 142,071 150,000 126,000

 Conventional Weapons Destruction 135,247 150,000 126,000

 International Trust Fund 1 6,824 - -

Total Overseas Contingency Operations - NADR - 120,657 -

Antiterrorism Assistance - OCO - 120,657 -

1/ For FY 2012 and FY 2013, funding for the International Trust Fund is included under Conventional Weapons 

Destruction within the bilateral levels for Bosnia, Croatia, Montenegro, and Serbia. 

165
Peacekeeping Operations 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 

Actual Estimate Request 

TOTAL PKO 304,390 383,818 249,100

Total Enduring - PKO 304,390 302,818 249,100

 Africa 159,650 182,968 132,000

 Cote d'Ivoire - - 2,000

 Democratic Republic of the Congo 21,520 19,000 15,000

 Liberia 5,000 5,000 2,000

 Somalia 75,300 91,818 51,000

 South Sudan 41,870 58,000 40,000

 Africa Regional 15,960 9,150 22,000

 Near East 26,000 28,000 26,000

 Multinational Force and Observers (MFO) 26,000 28,000 26,000

 PM - Political-Military Affairs 118,740 91,850 91,100

 Trans-Sahara Counter-Terrorism Partnership (TSCTP) 19,940 - 16,100

 Global Peacekeeping Operations Initiative (GPOI) 98,800 91,850 75,000

Total Overseas Contingency Operations - PKO - 81,000 -

Africa - 61,000 -

Somalia - 51,000 -

Africa Regional - 10,000 -

PM - Political-Military Affairs - 20,000 -

Trans-Sahara Counter-Terrorism Partnership (TSCTP) - 20,000 -

166
International Military Education and Training 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

TOTAL 105,788 105,788 102,643

 Africa 16,110 14,315 13,255

 Angola 418 365 280

 Benin 236 230 210

 Botswana 685 655 575

 Burkina Faso 246 225 200

 Burundi 352 325 275

 Cameroon 285 270 250

 Cape Verde 123 120 100

 Central African Republic - 115 100

 Chad 391 340 300

 Comoros 125 100 90

 Cote d'Ivoire 89 - 200

 Democratic Republic of the Congo 500 450 400

 Djibouti 372 335 315

 Ethiopia 650 575 500

 Gabon 248 200 170

 Ghana 825 765 700

 Guinea 48 100 200

 Guinea-Bissau 10 65 -

Kenya 929 890 750

 Lesotho 186 100 90

 Liberia 522 490 450

 Malawi 400 285 270

 Mali 397 350 350

 Mauritania 184 150 150

 Mauritius 155 120 90

 Mozambique 402 385 370

 Namibia 204 125 100

 Niger 66 - 115

 Nigeria 1,013 870 750

 Republic of the Congo 123 110 90

 Rwanda 559 500 500

 Sao Tome and Principe 180 100 100

 Senegal 1,026 850 750

 Seychelles 94 100 90

 Sierra Leone 394 375 350

 South Africa 820 815 750

 South Sudan 763 800 750

 Swaziland 199 100 90

 Tanzania 455 390 375

 The Gambia 120 100 90

 Togo 286 140 120

167
International Military Education and Training 

($ in thousands)

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Uganda 608 600 550

 Zambia 422 335 300

 East Asia and Pacific 9,291 8,740 8,135

 Cambodia 260 260 260

 Indonesia 1,811 1,800 1,610

 Laos 200 200 200

 Malaysia 956 825 700

 Marshall Islands 45 55 50

 Mongolia 997 875 750

 Philippines 1,971 1,850 1,665

 Samoa 113 40 40

 Thailand 1,568 1,325 1,250

 Timor-Leste 297 300 300

 Vietnam 476 650 750

 State East Asia and Pacific Regional 597 560 560

 Europe and Eurasia 30,287 29,425 28,600

 Albania 1,064 1,000 1,000

 Armenia 449 700 600

 Azerbaijan 943 700 600

 Bosnia and Herzegovina 986 1,000 1,000

 Bulgaria 1,778 1,700 1,800

 Croatia 956 900 900

 Czech Republic 1,992 1,900 1,800

 Estonia 1,143 1,125 1,100

 Georgia 1,895 1,900 1,800

 Greece 98 100 100

 Hungary 1,077 950 900

 Kosovo 678 700 700

 Latvia 1,135 1,150 1,150

 Lithuania 1,143 1,125 1,100

 Macedonia 1,041 950 900

 Malta 153 150 150

 Moldova 898 750 750

 Montenegro 455 500 500

 Poland 2,090 2,100 2,000

 Portugal 93 100 100

 Romania 1,750 1,750 1,700

 Serbia 893 900 900

 Slovakia 950 900 900

 Slovenia 712 675 650

 Turkey 3,990 3,800 3,600

 Ukraine 1,925 1,900 1,900

 Near East 17,294 18,009 18,945

 Algeria 953 1,225 1,150

168
International Military Education and Training 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Bahrain 435 700 725

 Egypt 1,275 1,400 1,800

 Iraq 1,736 2,000 2,000

 Jordan 3,760 3,700 3,800

 Lebanon 2,476 2,375 2,250

 Libya - 200 50

 Morocco 1,989 1,805 1,710

 Oman 1,622 1,650 2,050

 Saudi Arabia 4 - 10

 Tunisia 1,950 1,854 2,300

 Yemen 1,094 1,100 1,100

 South and Central Asia 13,088 14,040 14,259

 Afghanistan 1,555 1,950 1,500

 Bangladesh 994 950 900

 India 1,601 1,330 1,260

 Kazakhstan 876 785 707

 Kyrgyz Republic 820 1,000 1,000

 Maldives 179 190 176

 Nepal 1,010 950 900

 Pakistan 4,055 5,000 6,000

 Sri Lanka 952 665 626

 Tajikistan 469 570 540

 Turkmenistan 288 350 350

 Uzbekistan 289 300 300

 Western Hemisphere 14,458 15,700 14,446

 Argentina 297 750 544

 Belize 190 190 180

 Bolivia 198 230 200

 Brazil 631 640 625

 Chile 821 855 810

 Colombia 1,695 1,665 1,575

 Costa Rica 394 375 350

 Dominican Republic 600 810 765

 Ecuador 400 380 360

 El Salvador 1,521 1,050 1,000

 Guatemala 192 760 720

 Guyana 386 315 300

 Haiti 220 220 220

 Honduras 765 700 650

 Jamaica 739 700 398

 Mexico 1,006 1,635 1,549

 Nicaragua 538 790 700

 Panama 738 760 720

 Paraguay 407 380 360

169
International Military Education and Training 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Peru 619 620 585

 Suriname 251 240 225

 The Bahamas 201 190 180

 Trinidad and Tobago 253 180 180

 Uruguay 590 465 450

 Barbados and Eastern Caribbean 806 800 800

PM - Political-Military Affairs 5,260 5,559 5,003

 IMET Administrative Expenses 5,260 5,559 5,003

170
Foreign Military Financing 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 

Actual Estimate Request 

TOTAL - FMF 5,374,230 6,312,000 6,383,320

Non-OCO 5,374,230 5,210,000 5,472,320

 Africa 19,098 16,118 15,971

 Botswana 339 200 200

 Chad 399 200 -

Cote d'Ivoire - - 200

 Democratic Republic of the Congo 300 - 200

 Djibouti 1,996 1,500 1,000

 Ethiopia - 843 -

Gabon 200 - -

Ghana 449 350 350

 Guinea - - 200

 Kenya 998 1,500 1,096

 Liberia 7,173 6,500 6,500

 Mali 200 200 -

Mauritania 200 200 -

Nigeria 1,212 1,000 1,000

 Rwanda 300 200 200

 Senegal 399 325 325

 South Africa 798 700 700

 South Sudan - - 200

 Tanzania 200 200 200

 Uganda 300 200 200

 Africa Regional 3,635 2,000 3,400

 East Asia and Pacific 39,202 35,658 35,488

 Cambodia 748 800 1,000

 Indonesia 19,960 14,000 14,000

 Mongolia 2,996 3,000 3,000

 Philippines 11,970 14,555 13,500

 Thailand 1,568 988 988

 Vietnam 1,960 2,315 3,000

 Europe and Eurasia 131,171 106,865 102,000

 Albania 3,992 3,000 3,000

 Armenia 2,994 2,700 2,700

 Azerbaijan 2,994 2,700 2,700

 Bosnia and Herzegovina 4,491 4,500 4,500

 Bulgaria 9,481 8,500 7,800

 Croatia 3,493 2,500 2,500

 Czech Republic 5,988 5,000 5,000

 Estonia 2,695 2,400 2,400

 Georgia 15,968 14,400 14,400

 Hungary 998 900 900

171
Foreign Military Financing 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Kosovo 5,000 3,000 3,000

 Latvia 2,794 2,250 2,250

 Lithuania 2,994 2,550 2,550

 Macedonia 3,992 3,600 3,600

 Malta 399 - -

Moldova 1,497 1,250 1,250

 Montenegro 1,472 1,200 1,200

 Poland 33,932 24,165 20,000

 Romania 12,974 12,000 12,000

 Serbia 1,896 1,800 1,800

 Slovakia 1,397 1,000 1,000

 Slovenia 748 450 450

 Ukraine 8,982 7,000 7,000

 Near East 4,740,177 4,813,650 4,836,150

 Bahrain 15,461 10,000 10,000

 Egypt 1,297,400 1,300,000 1,300,000

 Israel 2,994,000 3,075,000 3,100,000

 Jordan 299,400 300,000 300,000

 Lebanon 74,850 75,000 75,000

 Libya - 150 150

 Morocco 8,982 8,000 8,000

 Oman 13,000 8,000 8,000

 Tunisia 17,124 17,500 15,000

 Yemen 19,960 20,000 20,000

 South and Central Asia 305,652 107,625 360,330

 Bangladesh 2,957 1,500 1,650

 Kazakhstan 2,395 1,800 1,800

 Kyrgyz Republic 1,496 1,500 1,500

 Maldives - 400 400

 Nepal 898 940 845

 Pakistan 295,408 98,000 350,000

 Sri Lanka 998 500 450

 Tajikistan 750 800 1,500

 Turkmenistan 750 685 685

 Uzbekistan - 1,500 1,500

 Western Hemisphere 84,477 67,284 62,381

 Belize 200 200 850

 Colombia 47,904 37,000 30,000

 Costa Rica 349 315 1,402

 Ecuador 499 450 450

 El Salvador 1,247 1,250 1,800

 Guatemala 499 500 750

 Haiti 1,597 - 1,600

172
Foreign Military Financing 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

Honduras 998 1,000 3,000

 Mexico 7,984 7,000 7,000

 Nicaragua 339 399 399

 Panama 2,096 1,840 2,800

 Paraguay 399 350 350

 Peru 3,500 1,980 1,980

 Uruguay 399 - -

Western Hemisphere Regional 16,467 15,000 10,000

 Caribbean Basin Security Initiative (CBSI) [16,467] [15,000] [10,000]

 PM - Political-Military Affairs 54,453 62,800 60,000

 FMF Administrative Expenses 54,453 62,800 60,000

Overseas Contingency Operations FMF - 1,102,000 911,000

 Near East - 850,000 900,000

 Iraq - 850,000 900,000

 South and Central Asia - 197,408 -

Pakistan - 197,408 -

PM - Political-Military Affairs - - 11,000

 FMF Administrative Expenses - - 11,000

 Unallocated - 54,592 -

173
International Organizations and Programs 

($ in thousands) 

FY 2011 

Actual 

FY 2012 

Estimate 

FY 2013 

Request 

TOTAL 351,290 348,705 327,300

IO - International Organizations 351,290 348,705 327,300

 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 950 950 838

 International Development Law Organization (IDLO) 650 600 600

 International Maritime Organization (IMO) 400 400 360

 International Chemicals and Toxins Programs 3,800 3,650 3,610

 International Conservation Programs 7,500 7,900 6,840

 International Panel on Climate Change / UN Framework Convention on 

Climate Change 10,000 10,000 13,000

 Montreal Protocol Multilateral Fund 25,500 27,000 27,500

 Multilateral Action Initiatives 1,000 - 1,000

 OAS Development Assistance 4,750 3,500 4,275

 OAS Fund for Strengthening Democracy 3,000 4,500 2,700

 UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UN OCHA) 2,940 3,000 2,900

 UN Voluntary Funds for Technical Cooperation in the Field of Human 

Rights 1,372 1,400 1,200

 UN Women (formerly UNIFEM) 6,000 7,500 7,900

 UN Human Settlements Program (UN-HABITAT) 2,000 1,900 1,500

 UN Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) 625 955 625

 UN Democracy Fund (UNDF) 5,000 4,755 4,280

 UN Development Program (UNDP) 84,775 82,000 67,181

 UN Environment Program (UNEP) 7,700 7,700 7,700

 International Contributions for Scientific, Educational, and Cultural 

Activities (UNESCO/ICSECA) 1,850 - 880

 UN Population Fund (UNFPA) 37,000 35,000 39,000

 UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCHR) 3,238 5,000 2,000

 UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) 132,250 131,755 125,000

 UN Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture (UNVFVT) 5,700 6,000 3,500

 World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 2,090 2,090 1,885

 WTO Technical Assistance 1,200 1,150 1,026

174