I-b

Research Note 85-81

VIDEODISC INTERPERSONAL SKILLS TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT(VISTA):

Q EQUIPMENT SETUP AND TROUBLESHOOTING

cc

cc

.5.-. 0W. Alfred Cook and Mike S. Perkins

% Mellonics Systems Development Division, Litton Systems, Inc.

for

ARI Field Unit at Fort Benning, Georgia

Seward Smith, Chief

TRAINING RESEARCH LABORATORY

Harold F. O'Neil, Jr., Director

DTIO

EECTE

U.S. Army

Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences

August 1985

ADproved for Public release; distribution unlimited.

85 10 24 020

- .. . ... . .
U. S. ARMY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

A Field Operating Agency under the Jurisdiction of the

Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel

WM. DARRYL HENDERSON

EDGAR M. JOHNSON COL, IN

Technical Director

Accession For

NTIS GPA&I

DTIC TAB .

Unannourped Q Justific tl 0o

By

D st ribtltion/

Availability Codes /

"Avall and/or rQADl

Dist Special 4

* eand will be available only through OTIC or other reference services such as the National Technical lnformatuon

Service (PdlIS). The vicws. cpiniens, and/or findings contained in this report are those of the outhorl and

* should not be conutrueJ as on official Gepattment of the Army position, policy, or decision. unless so designated

* by other official documentation.

iP

* . -* . . . .

L"* S a* 'S * *

* **,
Unclassified

SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (Whmn Date fntered

READ INSTRUCTIONS REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM

. REPORT NUMBER j2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER

Research Note 85-81 , _,q]_ __A

4. TITLE (and Subtitle) S. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED

VIDEODISC INTERPERSONAL SKILLS TRAINING AND Final Report

ASSESSMENT (VISTA): EQUIPMENT SETUP AND May 1982 - May 1983

TROUBLESHOOTING 6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER

7. AUTHOR(e) S. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER(.)

W. Alfred Cook, Jr., and Mike S. Perkins

MDA903-80-C-0545

S. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT, TASK

AREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS

Mellonics Systems Development Division, Litton

Systems, Inc., P.O. Box 2498 2Q263743A794

Fort Benning, GA 31905-1098

11. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS 12. REPORT DATE

US Army Research Institute Fort Benning Field August 1985

Unit, P.O. Box 2086 13. NUMBER OF PAGES

Fort Benning, GA 31905-0686 55

14. MONITORING AGENCY NAME & ADDRESS(It differmt from Controlling Office) IS. SECURITY CLASS. (of this report)

US Army Research Institute for the Behavioral Unclassified

and Social Sciences, 5001 Eisenhower Avenue

Alexandria, VA 22333-5600 ISC. DLEICATION/OWNGRADING

16. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of this Report)

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of the abstract entered In Block 20, It different frm Report)

If. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

"" Seward Smith, contracting officer's representative.

19. KEY WORDS (Continue on reveree aide it neceeeary aid Identify by block number)

Videodisc

Leadership

VISTA

Counseling

20. ABSTRACT (Ciatm Ie -revele ei fN necoe se Identitf by block numble)

This manual is part of a work effort entitled Implementation of Videodisc

Interpersonal Skills Training and Assessment (VISTA). The manual applies only

to the original VISTA hardware: Apple II+, Pioneer LDP-1000 videodisc player,

etc., and consists of five sections: Introduction, Equipment and Its Function,

Equipment Setup, Fine Tuning and Testing the System, and Troubleshooting. A

description of the equipment and step-by-step instructions with illustrations

for connecting the components are given to guide a person with minimal levels

of expertise in electronics or computers. Procedures for testing and troubleDO ID, JAM7T3 14T3 EDTION OF NOV 6,1I OBSOLETE Unc lass ifiled

SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (Whmn Does Entered)

.................................................... "............,......"..........' ." .-. "z
Unclassified

SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGEO(II, Data NW"~,d)

20. ABSTRACT (con't)

shooting provide guidance for solving operational problems.

-

ii Unclassified

-°i

SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE(R7~n Dote Entered)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION Page

1 INTRODUCTION 1

2 EQUIPMENT AND ITS FUNCTION 3

2.1 Videodisc System 3

2.2 Computer System 4

2.2.0 Introduction 4

2.2.1 The RAM card 5

2.2.2 Diskettes and diskette drives 5

2.2.3 The videodisc player controller card 5

2.2.4 The clock 6

2.3 Monitor/TV Set 6

2.4 Interactive Devices 6

2.5 Printer 7

3 EQUIPMENT SETUP 8

3.0 Introduction 8

3.1 Preparing to Load the Apple 11 9

3.1.1 Task 1: Plug in the computer 9

3.1.2 Task 2: Removing the cover 9

3.1.3 Task 3: Locating "card slots" 10

3.2 Inserting the Apple Language Card into the Apple 11 12

3.2.1 Task 1: Removing a memory chip from Apple 11 12

3.2.2 Task 2: Insert plug on card into memory socket 13

3.2.3 Task 3: Insert the language card into Slot #0 14

3.3 Installing the Hand Controller 14

3.3.1 Task 1: Select the correct hand controller 15

3.3.2 Task 2: Inserting the "strain relief plug"

onto the computer 16

3.3.3 Task 3: Insert hand controller clip into

GAME I/O socket 16

3.4 Inserting the Symtec Light Pen Card into the Apple 11 16

3.4.1 Task 1: Inserting the controller card 17

3.4.2 Task 2: Attaching the alligator clip 17

3.5 Connecting Two Diskette Drives to the Drive Controller

Card and Inserting the Card into the Apple 11 18
*SECTION Page

3.5.1 Task 1: Label diskette drives 18

3.5.2 Task 2: Connecting drives to diskette drive

controller card 19

3.5.3 Task 3: Insert controller card into Slot #6 19

3.6 Inserting the Mountain Computer Clock Card 20

3.6.1 Task 1: Setting the control switches 20

3.6.2 Task 2: Connecting the battery to the clock

card 20

3.6.3 Task 3: Insert the clock card into Slot #7 21

3.7 Connecting the Videodisc Controller Card and Inserting

the Card into the Apple 11 21

3.7.1 Sony videodisc player with a VMI controller

card 21

3.7.2 MCA videodisc player with a VMI controller

card 23

3.7.3 MCA videodisc player with a VAI-l controller

card 25

3.8 Connecting the Printer to the Printer Controller Card

and Inserting the Card into the Apple 11 26

3.8.1 Insert the controller card into Slot #1 27

3.8.2 Plug the printer into the controller card 27

3.9 Summary of Card Positions in Apple II Slots 27

3.10 Switch Settings on the Monitor 28

3.10.1 Set the video input switch 29

3.10.2 Set the input resistance switch 29

3.10.3 Set the channel if TV is used 29

3.11 Switch Settings on the Videodisc Player 30

3.11.1 Switch settings on the MCA Player 30

3.11.2 Switch settings on the Sony Player 30

3.12 Cable Connections for Video and Audio Output 31

3.12.1 Task 1: Connecting the Apple 11 and the

video junction box 33

3.12.2 Task 2: Connecting the videodisc player to

the video junction box 33

3.12.3 Task 3: Connecting the monitor or TV set

and video junction box 33

3.12.4 Task 4: Connecting the audio cable between the

videodisc player and the monitor or TV set 34

3.12.5 Summary of Audio and Video Cable Connections 35

3.13 Arrangement of the Equipment 35

iv
SECTION Page

4 FINE TUNING AND TESTING THE SYSTEM 38

4.1 Introduction 38

4.2 Activating the System 38

4.3 Initial Video Adjustment 39

• 4.4 Interactive Device Related Tasks 40

4.4.1 Introduction 40

4.4.2 Choosing the correct hand controller 41

4.4.3 Light pen adjustment 42

4.5 Balancing Video Output for Computer and Videodisc 44

4.6 Charging the Clock Battery 47

5 TROUBLESHOOTING 48

FIGURES

3-1 Removal of the Apple II cover to access "card" slots 10

3-2 Technique for inserting a card into an Apple II slot 11

3-3 Removal of a RAM chip to allow connection of the language

RAM card 13

3-4 Insertion of the language card chip into the empty RAM

socket 14

3-5 Installation of the hand controller 15

3-6 Attaching the alligator clip of the light pen card to the

Apple II 17

3-7 Labeling the disk drives and plugging the drives into the

controller card 18

3-8 Switch setting onthe clock card 20

3-9 Switch settings on the videodisc interface card for the

three models of videodisc players (Sony LDP-1000,

MCA PR-7820-l, and MCA PR-7820-3) 22

3-10 Connections of the videodisc controller card with the

video junction box. Connections for the following

. equipment is illustrated: (A) Sony videodisc player with

a VMI controller card; (B) MCA player with a VMI controller

card; and (C) MCA player with a VAI-l controller card 24

3-11 A schematic diagram of video and audio connections 32

3-12 Recommended equipment arrangement 36

V
SECTION Page

TABLES

3-1 Summary of Card Positions for VAI-l System & VMI System 28

3-2 Switch Settings On Videodisc Players 31

3-3 Cable Connections for Video and Audio Output 33

vii
SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

VISTA was developed for counseling training as conducted by the Infantry

Off icer's Basic Course (IOBC). VISTA combines the training advantages of the

microcomputer and the videodisc player to create a simulated counseling

session. A problem or situation within the platoon requires counseling of a

subordinate by a platoon leader. The student calls on his knowledge of

counseling to decide what actions the televised platoon leader should employ.

In doing so, the student is only a step away from real counseling.

This manual describes procedures to set up and troubleshoot the equipment

used by VISTA. There are five sections:

1. Introduction

2. Equipment and Its Function

3. Equipment Setup

4. Fine Tuning and Testing the System

5. Troubleshooting

Section 2, Equipment and Its Function, gives a technical description of

equipment which is both required and optional for VISTA. This section classifies the system into 5 components: the videodisc system, the computer system,

monitor/TV set, interactive devices, and the printer. Section 2 also gives a

brief description of the function of these components in VISTA operation.

This information may be helpful in case troubleshooting is required.

Section 3, Setup, provides a step-by-step description and illustration of

how to connect various VISTA components. This section was written so that

setup could be performed by a person with a minimal level of technical
expertise. A computer expert or an electronic wizard should not be required

for setting up the VISTA system. Probably the best indicator of level of

expertise required is the ability of the individual to read the procedures for

setting up the equiment, and after doing so, feeling relatively confident that

instructions can be followed.

After the system is set up, Section 4, Fine Tuning and Testing the

System, describes procedures to tune the system to operate at its best and

highest quality. To perform these procedures, the system has to be turned on

and operated. So in a sense, procedures described in Section 4 also serve as

a test of correct system operation. If the system does not operate correctly

after being set up, Section 5, Troubleshooting, provides guidance for solving

most operational problems.

In addition to this document, the reader should also have at hand the

document entitled "VISTA: INSTRUCTOR'S GUIDE."

2

.:'-i . . . :.. . . . ++---" . . . .. -- - . .:-. .i .-....... ,........i...-.. ...-.... -....... :.:. • . . .
SECTION 2

EQUIPMENT AND ITS FUNCTION

This chapter will describe equipment required for VISTA. In addition,

each piece of equipment will also be discussed in terms of its role in VISTA

operation. Equipment is classified into 5 types: videodisc, computer,

monitor/TV set, interactive device (student responder), and printer. Each of

these will be discussed separately below.

2.1 Videodisc System

The videodisc system for VISTA contains the following elements:

(1) a videodisc player (either a SONY model LDP-1000 or MCA DiscoVision

models PR-7820-1 and PR-7820-3),and

(2) VISTA videodiscs.

The videodisc looks somewhat like a phonographic record; however,

the silver finish gives a mirror-like appearance. Unlike a phonographic

record, the videodisc has an outer coat of plastic that protects the underlying recordings of sight and sound. The protective coating prevents small

scratches and fingerprints from affecting operation.

It is possible to store 54,000 frames of information on each side of the

videodisc allowing for 30 minutes of motion pictures with sound. Each frame

is numbered making it possible to identify the starting and stopping location

of each motion sequence on the videodisc. The videodisc player uses a laser

beam to read information stored on the videodisc; the permanently stored

motion sequences are then played back on a monitor/TV set.

* In VISTA, staged vignettes or acted segments of a counseling session are

stored on videodiscs. The students' responses determine how the session will

be put together or sequenced. Unlike a videotape system, the videodisc system

3
can quickly "call-up" and play any frame or motion sequence; this allows for a

more realistic setting during the simulated counseling sessions.

There are a total of 9 videodiscs dealing with counseling by 2nd lieutenants. There is a separate scenario (lesson) on each of 7 discs. Two

discs, one dealing with insubordination and the other with EER counseling,

contain two scenarios each.

2.2 Computer System

2.2.0 Introduction. The Apple II computer controls operation of VISTA.

The control comes from the progranming of the computer, but the programming

also allows the student to have a certain degree of control over VISTA.

Accessory components or peripherals must be added to the Apple II. Some of

the components are boards or "cards" which are inserted into expansion slots

of the computer as described in the chapter EQUIPMENT SETUP. The computer

system of VISTA requires the following:

1. art Apple 11 (or an Apple II plus) computer with 48K RAM,

2. a 16 K RAM card (also called Apple language card),

3. two 5-1/4 inch Apple 11 diskette drives and a controller card,

4. one of the following videodisc player controller cards:

a. Video Microcomputer Interface (VMI) card manufactured by Allen

Communications, Inc. (interfaces with both Sony and MCA players),

b. Videodisc Apple Interface (VAI-l) card manufactured by Colony

Productions, Inc. (interfaces only with MCA or Pioneer players),

5. a clock card (Mountain Computer, Inc.).

4

-s~~~~~~ s ~~~ .. .,*. .. .s.................. . . ..
2.2.1 The RAM card. The computer programming language for VISTA is

Pascal. The RAM card adds an additional 16K RAM to the 48K RAM already

present in the Apple II; this extra memory is necessary anytime the Apple II

is using Pascal.

2.2.2 Diskettes and diskette drives. VISTA requires:

1. two 5-1/4 inch Apple II diskette drives,

2. a drive controller card, and

3. a SYSTEM diskette and a LESSON diskette.

Diskettes are round plastic objects (5 1/4 inches in diameter) that are

partially protected from damage by a square outer jacket. Diskettes in VISTA

are used as memory devices which store information needed to operate VISTA.

In addition, student performance on lessons can be stored on diskettes.

Diskettes are placed in and operated by diskette drives. The computer

controls the drives to allow storage and retrieval of information on the

diskettes.

Two diskettes are required to operate a particular VISTA lesson: a

SYSTEM diskette and a LESSON diskette. A LESSON diskette contains information

about each lesson; each lesson has its own LESSON diskette, and the title of

the LESSON diskette should match that on the videodisc which covers that

lesson. The SYSTEM diskette contains the computer program and other information needed to operate VISTA. There are three types of SYSTEM diskettes:

SONY/VMI, MCA/VMI, and MCA/VAI-l. Selection of the SYSTEM diskette to be

used is based on the type of videodisc player and videodisc player controller

card as discussed in the next section.

2.2.3 The videodisc player controller card. The videodisc player

controller card allows the computer to control operation of the videodisc

5

e5'
system; it is the interface device between the computer and the videodisc

player. The videodisc player controller card manufactured by Allen Communications, Inc. (VMI or Video Microcomputer Interface) can be used with both

SONY and MCA videodisc players. However, the controller card manufactured by

Colony Productions, Inc. (VAI-l) can drive only the MCA players. There are

three possible configurations of SYSTEM diskettes, videodisc players, and

videodisc controller cards which can be used with VISTA:

SYSTEM Diskette Videodisc Player Videodisc Player Controller Card

1. SONY/VMI SONY (LDP-IO00) Allen Communications, Inc. (VMI)

2. MCA/VMI MCA (PR-7820-I & PR-7820-3) Allen Communications, Inc. (VMI)

3. MCA/VAI-I MCA (PR-7820-I & PR-7820-3) Colony Productions, Inc.

2.2.4 The clock. VISTA requires a clock card manufactured by Mountain

Hardware, Inc. Functions of the clock include keeping track of real time, time

between student responses, and other operations of VISTA.

2.3 Monitor/TV Set

The student sees and hears counseling scenarios/lessons through the

monitor/TV set. The picture on the monitor/TV set comes from two sources:

the videodisc system and the computer. The videodisc system stores the motion

sequences used to simulate the counseling session. The computer produces all

the text which appears on the screen.

If a TV set is used, then the video input to the TV must go through a

RF modulator. A monitor does not require the RF modulator.

2.4 Interactive Devices

The student is required to make responses throughout the lesson. When

text appears on the screen, he must: (1) make responses to continue the

6

. .. . * & .\.ZZ K ..- :xK
lesson, (2) choose between several choices, and (3) if student records are

kept, then a student identification number is entered. The student can use

either a light pen or a hand controller to make his responses. The student

will never need to use the computer keyboard.

Light pen. The Symtec light pen is attached by a cord to a light pen

controller card inside the computer. With the light pen, the student can make

a response or select an answer by: (1) touching the tip of the light pen to a

portion of the monitor/TV set and (2) then touching the brass ring near the

end of the pen. For example, if the student had to choose between 4 possible

alternatives, he would place the light pen to his choice on the TV/monitor and

then touch the ring near the end of the pen.

Hand controller. The paddle or hand controller is usually a plastic

case with (1) a knob located on top and (2) a button located on the side.

The controller is attached to the computer by a cord. When it is time for the

student to respond, the white square (called a cursor in computer terminology)

on the screen can be moved up or down by turning the knob. A response is

entered when the student moves the square to the line of choice and then

pushes the button on the knob assembly.

Any paddle designed for the Apple II should work with VISTA. Three

different hand controllers have been tried with VISTA and the one manufactured

by the Keyboard Company has the most comfortable feeling when held in the

hand. In addition, the cord is secured to the computer by a grommet.

2.5 Printer (optional)

The main function of the printer is to produce a paper copy of student

performance during lessons. If permanent student records are not required,

then neither is the printer.

VISTA operates with the Apple II Silentype printer. A printer controller

card is needed for operation.

7

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SECTION 3

EQUIPMENT SETUP

3.0 Introduction

This chapter describes tasks to set up or connect the equipment required

for VISTA. Much of the setup (for example, inserting the controlling cards

into the computer) is described in manuals provided with the equipment. You

are strongly encouraged to read all manuals provided with the equipment and to

follow procedures, suggestions, and recommendations. However, not all manuals

are easy to follow, and they often contain more information than you will need

to know. This chapter simplifies description of equipment setup; however,

information provided in this chapter will not make you an equipment expert.

The Apple II computer controls the VISTA system, but first, a number

of components must be connected to the computer. The first 9 parts of

this section describe how to prepare the computer for VISTA operation.

Remaining portions cover setting the switches on the monitor/TV set (3.10) and

videodisc player (3.11) and connecting cables to allow audio and video output

(3.12). The final portion (3.13) describes how to arrange the equipment. The

13 portions of this section are entitled:

l. Preparing to load the Apple II,

2. Inserting the Apple language card (16K RAM) into the Apple II,

I

3. Installing the hand controller,

4. Inserting the Symtec light pen card into the Apple II,2

5. Connecting two diskette drives to the drive controller card and

inserting the card into the Apple II,

iYour system may have both a hand controller and/or a Symtec light pen.

21bd

Ibid.

8
6. Inserting the Mountain computer clock card into the Apple II,

7. Connecting the videodisc controller card and inserting the controller

card into the Apple II,

8. Connecting the printer to the printer controller card and inserting

the card into the Apple 11,l1

9. Summary of card positions in Apple 11 slots,

10. Setting switches on the monitor,

11. Setting switches on the videodisc player,

12. Cable connections for video switching and audio output, and

13. Arrangement of the equipment.

3.1 Preparing to Load the Apple II

3.1.1 Task 1: Plug in the computer. The power cord of the computer

must be plugged into wall outlet and the computer (at rear beside power-on

switch), so that static electricity can be drained off through the grounding

provided by the power cord. Static electricity can destroy delicate electronic equipment. Be sure that the power switch on the back of the computer

is turned off. Physical damage to the computer may occur if the power is on

while performing many of the tasks.

3.1.2 Task 2: Removing the cover. The computer has a keyboard on the

front with a covered compartment that lies behind the keyboard. The rear

cover must be removed before components can be added: (1) pull up on the rear

edge of the cover until the two corner fasteners pop apart, (2) slide the

cover backwards until it comes free, and (3) lift the lid (see Figure 3-1).

I Your VISTA system may or may not have a printer.
.. . . . . . .7 / ., . . I'_ '

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co o e d e- o n c o s h c o k i e g l/"i g r " Si n l/ e w e h

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°.,' .Figure 3-. Removal of the Apple II cover to access "card" slots.

;- 3.1•3 Task 3: Locatng "card slots". ny of the tasks in preparing

the computer system require insertion of memory and controller "cards" into

the computer. A "card" is a flat, printed circuit board. One side of the

card contains black elements called chips, while soldering connections can be

-. seen on the reverse side. Toward one corner of a card is a lp with gold

~colored edge-connectors which look like gold "fingers". Signals between the

"': card and computer pass through these fingers.

2" 

0

o'N "
CAUTION: Do not scratch or touch the gold-plated edge

connectors. Fingerprints can tarnish the

connectors which can affect data signals.

The cards are inserted into long, narrow sockets called slots. (Do not

attempt to insert a card until specifically instructed to do so in later

sections.) There is a row of 8 slots located inside the Apple II near the

rear of the circuit board. As can be seen in Figure 3.1 above, the leftmost

one (looking at the computer from the keyboard) is Slot #0 and the rightmost

is Slot #7.

The lip and gold fingers of the card are inserted into a slot. To insert

cards, wiggle them forward and backward into a slot. Continue the insertion

until the card is firmly seated.

[.z

Figure 3-2. Technique for inserting a card into an Apple II slot.

11

. .nserted h ards.a.e -nto long,-narrow-sockets called slo-s. o-not --
CAUTION: Before a card is inserted, touch the power

supply cover (the big box inside the computer

on the left) to discharge static electricity.

You will not get shocked since the box is

well-grounded. Touching the power supply

drains any static electricity off your body

to prevent damage to electrical circuits.

3.2 Inserting the Apple Language Card into the Apple II

The language card is no more than a 16K memory expansion board. It can

be obtained either separately or as part of the Apple Language System.

3.2.1 Task 1: Removing a memory chip from Apple II. Inside the computer

are a number of small, black, rectangular elements called "chips". On the

large printed circuit board to which these chips are attached, is a squareshaped area marked with a white line. There are 24 RAM (RAM is an acronym for

Random Access Memory) chips within this square.

Before the Apple II language card can be inserted, the RAM chip in the

upper left-hand corner of the white-outlined square must be removed. A

-. chip-puller is provided with the language card. Use the puller like tweezers;

grasp the chip with the two prongs inserted into the two gaps between the chip

* and the socket. While holding the chip firmly, wiggle the chip slightly

backward and forward. Pull gently upward as you wiggle and the chip should

come loose.

12
0L

I .

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,:. -- .-- "hi

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'I I / I

Figure 3-3. Removal of a RAM chip to allow connection of the language

RAM card.

3.2.2 Task 2: Insert plug on card into memory socket. On the bottom

corner of the language card is a ribbon cable. At the end of this cable is a

plug which must be inserted into the socket of the removed memory chip. The

plug has three black plastic prongs (two are round and one rectangular) which

make it easier to insert it in the correct orientation.

While holding the card with one hand as shown in Figure 3-4 p. 14, use

your other hand to gently press the plug into the empty socket (it should seat

easily).

13

...................................................
For the plug to be inserted correctly, all "pins" on the plug must be

aligned with the holes in the socket.

.eezers

7-

-FICi4-

Figure 3-4. Insertion of the language card chip into the empty RAM socket.

3.2.3 Task 3: Insert the language card into Slot #0. Insert the card

into Slot #0 of the Apple II. Slot #0 is the leftmost slot, when facing the

computer keyboard.

3.3 Installing The Hand Controller

Installation of the paddle or hand controller is not necessary if

the light pen will be used. Hand controllers manufactured by a number of

different companies can be used. However, the hand controller manufactured

14

................. .*

'". . .- .
the Keyboard Company is recommended. It has a comfortable feel when held

and it has a "strain relief plug" to prevent the student from pulling the

controllers out of the computer. The following is a description of how to

install the hand controller by the Keyboard Company; however, installation is

similar for other hand controllers.

3.3.1 Task 1: Select the correct hand controller. Upon unpacking,

there are two hand controllers each attached by cables to a plug. The hand

controllers in this set are labelled "0" and "I"; these numbers are cast in

plastic on the knob of each hand controller. Only the controller labeled

"0" will work, so it is necessary that controller "1" be secured behind the

computer. To do this, wind the cord around the hand controller and bind this

with a rubber band or a twist tie; this is illustrated in Figure 3-5 below.

U-SHAPED CLIP

!.i GAME 1/0

' SOCKET

XK

HAND Cu TR 1.F RHIP /i

• ,, . .,

Figure 3-5. Installation of the hand controller.

15

.o . .

_ , -, ,. .,. .. ,. .,---...i i . . . . . . . .... . . . . .. . ..
Hand controllers manufactured by other companies may not be numbered. If

they are not, it will be necessary to identify which is the proper hand

controller to use; this is done after the system is operating and will be

described in the following section Fine Tuning the System.

.3.3.2 Task 2: Inserting the "strain relief plug" onto the computer.

The cord support knob on the plug of the hand controller prevents the user

from detaching or pulling the hand controller out of the computer. Insert the

support knob into the second notch from the right (when facing the computer

keyboard) on the back of the computer. The U-shaped metal clip attached to

the top of the support knob should be attached to the side of the computer as

shown above.

3.3.3 Task 3: Insert hand controller chip into GAME I/O socket. On the

end of the cord that is now lying within the computer, there is a black,

rectangular-shaped chip or plug with pins extending from the bottom. Be

careful when inserting this plug because the pins bend easily. With the cord

on the chip facing toward the rear of the Apple II, insert the chip into the

socket labeled GAME I/O (I/O means input and output; see Figure 3.5).

On hand controllers manufactured by other companies, the cord on the plug

may come straight out of the top rather than out of the back. The plug will

be notched on one corner or there will be a white dot in one corner. As the

plug is inserted into the socket, the marked corner should be placed in the

corner of the GAM1E I/0 socket that has a white dot at one corner. As you are

facing the Apple II, the white dot is near the right front corner of the

socket.

3.4 Inserting the Symtec Light Pen Card into the Apple 11

Installation of the light pen is not required if the hand controller is

used. If use of the light pen is desired, then perform the following tasks.

16
3.4.1 Task 1: Inserting the controller card. The light pen controller

card is inserted in Slot #5 (the sixth slot from the left). Place the light

pen down behind the computer before inserting the card.

3.4.2 Task 2: Attaching the alligator clip. The alligator clip

attached to the lightpen controller card must be attached onto a clip located

on the back wall inside the computer. The clip is located on a silver post

(RCA type phonojack) located in the lower right-hand corner inside the Apple

II; on the main circuit board below this plug is written VIDEO. The alligator

clip should be clipped to the center post.

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17

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3.5 Connecting Two Diskette Drives to the Drive Controller Card and Inserting

the Card into the Apple II

The following equipment is required:

1. Apple l computer,

2. Two diskette drives,

3. Controller card for the diskette drives, and

4. Two sticky labels, one labelled "SYSTEM Drive" and the other labeled

"LESSON Drive".

3.5.1 Task 1: Label diskette drives. First, label the two diskette

drives. Place the label "SYSTEM Drive" on the front of one drive and label

"LESSON Drive" on the other drive (See Figure 3-7).

Disc Interfaceo o

Car18

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. Figure 3-7. Labeling the disk drives and plugging the drives into the

i~i _controller card.

18 
* "

CAUTION: Diskette drives, unlike the Apple II computer,

are mechanical drives with motors and moving

parts. Handle the drives with care. Rough

handling, such as dropping the drive, or

having things dropped on them, may damage or

misalign the drives.

3.5.2 Task 2: Connecting drives to diskette drive controller card. The

two diskette drives are connected to the controller before the controller card

is plugged into the computer. It is easier to make proper connections if the

controller card is not already connected to the computer. Place both disk

drives to the immediate right of the computer.

A cable shaped like a "ribbon" is attached to each diskette drive. The

flat, 1-inch wide cable has a plug on the end. Take the plug on the "LESSON

Drive" and push it onto the set of pins labeled "Drive 2" on the controller

card. When the cable is plugged into the controller card correctly, the cable

should leave from the connector on the side away from the controllev cird as

shown in Figure 3-7 p. 18; do not jam the cable between the connector and controller card when plugging into the controller card.

Make sure that all the pins of the controller card connector go into the

matching holes in the ribbon cable connector and are seated gently but firmly.

Next, take the connector from the "SYSTEM Drive" and slip the connector

over the connection labeled "Drive 1" on the diskette drive controller

card.

CAUTION: If the cable from a disk drive to the controller card is not plugged into the controller card correctly, the disk drive unit

and its electronic components may be damaged

. when the power is turned on.

3.5.3 Task 3: Insert controller card into Slot #6. The final step is

to insert the diskette controller card into the computer. Slot #6 is the next

19

.--------- .
to the last slot on the right as you are facing the computer. Insert the

"fingers" of the controller into Slot #6. The fingers will enter the socket

with some resistance and will then seat firmly after some wiggling backward

and forward. Lead the cables connected to the controller card out through

the nearest deep cut-out in the computer back.

3.6 Inserting the Mountain Computer Clock Card

3.6.1 Task 1: Setting the control switches. Switches on the clock card

must be set correctly for the VISTA system to operate. The switches are

located on the bottom left-hand side of the card. The switches should be set

as illustrated below:

CPLE GLOCK Mour,,Y:n Hardwap trC

SWITCH SETTING I

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Figure 3-8. Switch setting on the clock card.

The upper two switches are pushed to the right while the lower two are

pushed to the left.

3.6.2 Task 2: Connecting the battery to the clock card.

On the back of the clock card will be attached a 9-volt battery. Above

the battery will be a standard 9-volt battery terminal connector. This

20

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connector must now be attached to the battery. This is done in the same way

as a portable radio. The connector will go on the battery in only one way and

must be secure.

3.6.3 Task 3: Insert the clock card into Slot #7. Insert the clock

controller card into Slot #7; the rightmost slot. (See Figure 3.1). Check to

be certain that the U-shaped clip attached to the top of the cord support knob

of the hand controller is not in contact with the clock card.

3.7 Connecting the Videodisc Controller Card and Inserting the Card into the

*Apple II

VISTA can operate with three types of videodisc players (Sony LDP-1000,

MCA PR-7820-l, and MCA PR-7820-3) and two videodisc controller cards (VMI

by Allen Communications, Inc. and VAI-l by Colony Productions). These

* options can be configured in three combinations with VISTA:

Player Controller Card Section

1. Sony VMI (Allen Communications, Inc.) 3.7.1

2. MCA VMI (Allen Communications, Inc.) 3.7.2

3. MCA VAI-l (Colony Productions) 3.7.3

Separate instructions follow for these three configurations. (See last column

" of above chart.)

3.7.1 Sony videodisc player with a VMI controller card. The following

* equipment is required:

1. Apple II computer,

2. VMI videodisc player controller kit (Allen Communications, Inc.),

a. videodisc controller card,

b. video junction box, and

c. ribbon cable to connect the Apple II and videodisc player.

21
[,.

Task 1: Setting switches on the videodisc player controller card. Hold

the controller card with the chips facing you and the gold fingers facing

down. Locate the set of four small switches in a red encasing. Using a

pencil, gently press the top of the two switches on the left until the top of f.

the switches are flush with the case. For the two rightmost switches,

press the bottom of the switches until they are flush with the encasing as

illustrated below.

VIDEO DISC, MICRO COMPUTER INTERFACE CARO

(VMI. Allen Communications Inc.1

TO vID1 )

,CI

FOR SONY LDP-1000 FOR MCA 7820-1 FOR MCA 7Q-,-. 3

• , -Ff09-

Figure 3-9. Switch settings on the videodisc interface card for the

three models of videodisc players (Sony LDP-1000,

MCA PR-7820-1, and MCA PR-7820-3).

Task 2: Connecting the controller card to the player. Pick up the end

of the ribbon cable that has the smaller plug. While holding the controller

.- card (fingers of card facing downward on the right), place the plug of the

ribbon cable on the leftmost connector; the connector is labeled RS 232. Take

22
card (fingers of card facing downward on the right), place the plug of the

ribbon cable on the leftmost connector; the connector is labeled RS 232. Take

the other end of the ribbon cable and attach it to the socket labeled EXT on

the Sony videodisc player. (See Figure 3-10, p. 24)

Task 3: Plug video junction box cable into videodisc player controller

card. The video switching/junction box is a black box that comes with

the controller card. A ribbon cable is attached to the black box. Hold the

videodisc controller card with fingers of the card facing down and to your

right. Gently place the plug on the end of the ribbon cable on the connector

pins on the controller card labeled TO VIDEO JUNC BOX; this connector is

located in the upper right-hand portion of the card. (See Figure 3-10 p. 24).

Task 4: Insert videodisc player controller card into Slot #4 of the

Apple II. Insert the controller card into Slot #4 which is the fifth slot

from your left as you are facing the keyboard.

3.7.2 MCA videodisc player with a VMI controller card. The following

equipment is required:

1. Apple II computer,

2. VMI videodisc player controller kit (Allen Communications, Inc.),

a. videodisc controller card,

b. video junction box, and

c. ribbon cable to connect the Apple II and videodisc player.

Three coaxial cables are provided with the controller kit but these

cables will not be connected until Section 3.12.

Task 1: Setting switches on the videodisc player controller card. Hold

the controller card with the chips facing you and the fingers

facing down. Locate the set of four small switches in a red encasing.

23

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Switch settings differ for the MCA players Model I (PR-7820-l) and Model 3 (PR

7820-3). For the Model 3 gently press the bottom of the two switches on the

left until the bottom of the switches are flush with the case. For the

third switch from the left, press down the top of the switch, and for the

rightmost switch, press the bottom of the switch until it is flush with the

case (see Figure 3-9 p. 22). For the Model 1 player, all four switches

should be pressed down on the bottom.

Task 2: Connecting the Allen controller card to the MCA player. Pick up

the end of the ribbon cable that has the smaller plug. While holding the

controller card (fingers of card facing downward on the right), place the plug

of the ribbon cable on the leftmost connector; the connector is labeled TO

VIDEODISC. Take the other end of the ribbon cable and attach it to the socket

labeled EXT on the videodisc player. (See Figure 3-10, p. 24)

Task 3: Plug video junction box cable into videodisc player controller

card. The video junction box is a black box that comes with the controller

card. A ribbon cable is attached to that black box. Hold the card with

fingers of the card facing down and to your right. Gently place the plug on

the end of the ribbon cable on the connector pins on the controller card

labeled TO VIDEO JUNC BOX; this connector is located in the upper right-hand

portion of the card. (See Figure 3-10, p. 24)

Task 4: Insert videodisc player controller card into Slot #4 of the

Apple II. Insert the controller card into Slot #4 which is the fifth slot

from your left as you are facing the keyboard.

3.7.3 MCA videodisc player with a VAI-I controller card. The following

equipment is required:

1. Apple II computer,

2. Videodisc player controller kit (Colony Productions),

25
a. Videodisc controller card (VAI-1),

b. Video junction box, and

c. Ribbon cable to connect the Apple II and videodisc player.

Three coaxial cables are provided with the controller kit but these

cables will not be connected until Section 3.12.

Task 1: Insert video junction box plug into videodisc controller card.

There is a ribbon cable attached to the black video junction control box.

* While holding the controller card, take the plug and wiggle it into the socket

labeled TO VIDEO JUNCTION BOX. The colored edge of the cable should be facing

* the bottom side of the card, but more importantly, the cable and socket allow

* insertion in only the correct manner. (See Figure 3-10, p. 24)

Task 2: Insert the videodisc player plug into the videodisc player

* controller card. The end of the cable with the smallest plug must be inserted

- into the plug on the card labeled TO VIDEODISC PLAYER. This socket is located

in the upper right-hand portion of the controller card. Take the other end of

* the ribbon cable and attach it to the socket labeled EXT on the videodisc

- player. (See Figure 3-10, p. 24)

Task 3: Insert videodisc player controller card into Slot #3 of the

* Apple II. Insert the controller card into the fourth slot from the left.

* 3.8 Connecting the Printer to the Printer Controller Card and Inserting the

Card into the Apple II (Optional)

The primary function of the printer is to print records on student

performance. If student records are not kept, then a printer is not required

and Sections 3.8.1 and 3.8.2 may be ignored. VISTA is designed to operate

* with the Apple Silentype printer. While other printers have not been tested

* with VISTA, certain others can be used with only minor modifications. However,

* due to the large number of commercially available printers, it is beyond the

- scope of this manual to discuss required modifications.

26
3.8.1 Insert the controller card into Slot #1. The Silentype printer

controller card must be installed into Slot #1 of the Apple II. This is the

second slot from the left as the slots are numbered from zero. Insert

the card as with the other cards by grasping the edges of the card, and with a

rocking motion, gently but firmly push the card into the slot.

3.8.2 Plug the printer into the controller card. After the card has

been inserted into the Apple II, the printer itself must be connected to the

card. There is a socket on the front of the card that connects with the plug

attached to the Silentype printer card. Simply plug the printer cable into

the socket, then run the cable through the second long notch from the left

(keyboard facing you) on the back of the Apple II case, and push the cable all

the way to the bottom of the notch. It is important that the cable be seated

firmly in the notch so that it will minimize possible strain on the cable and

the interface.

CAUTION: Do not connect or disconnect the printer cable

when your Apple is on.

3.9 Summary of Card Positions in Apple II Slots

Table 3-1 p. 28 summarizes: (1) cards which are required and optional

with VISTA and (2) slot location of these cards in the Apple II. Card

positions for computers having an Allen Communications, Inc. videodisc

controller card (VMI) and a Colony Productions, Inc. card (VAI-1) are summarized separately.

27

..
Table 3-1

SUMMARY OF CARD POSITIONS FOR VAI-l SYSTEM

Card Type Apple II Slot No. Required/Optional

Language (16K RAM) 0 Required

Printer Controller 1 Optional

Empty 2

Videodisc Player Controller VAI-l 3 Required

Empty 4

Light Pen Controller 5 Optional

Diskette Drive Controller 6 Required

Clock 7 Required

SUMMARY OF CARD POSITIONS FOR VMI SYSTEM

Card Type Apple 11 Slot No. Required/Optional

Language (16K RAM) 0 Required

Printer Controller 1 Optional

Empty 2

Empty 3

Videodisc Player Controller VMI 4 Required

Light Pen Controller 5 Optional

Diskette Drive Controller 6 Required

Clock 7 Required

only one videodisc player controller card is used in this system; if the VAI-l

card is used it must be in Slot 3 and if the VMI card is used it must be in

Slot 4.

Two cards are optional with either system: the Silentype printer card

and the Symtec light pen controller card. However, if a hand controller is

not installed, then the light pen card must be in place.

3.10 Switch Settings on the Monitor

There is no specific manufacturer or model of monitor required for

operation of VISTA; any monitor should work. However, for operation of VISTA,

the monitor needs to have three switches set in a particular configuration.

28
3.10.1 Set the video input switch. The first setting of importance is

the "LINE" switch. This may be either a push button or a twist type. The

switch may have two settings (VTR and LINE) or three settings (VTR, LINE and

TV). Regardless of the number of options, the switch must be set to LINE.

This allows the picture to come from both the computer and the videodisc

player. The switch is usually on the front of the monitor but is located on

the back or side of certain models.

3.10.2 Set the input resistance switch. The input resistance switch

must also be properly set. This switch is located on the back of the monitor

and it has two settings. One setting will read either 75 ohms or LOW (LOW=

75 ohms) while the other setting will read either 300 ohms or HIGH (HIGH = 300

ohms). Depending on the model and manufacturer of the monitor, the switch

settings can be labeled in four possible combinations:

1. 75 ohms/300 ohms

2. 75 ohms/HIGH ohms

3. LOW/300 ohms

4. LOW/HIGH

Always have the switch set to the 75 ohms or LOW position. If the monitor is

in the HIGH or 300 ohms position, then colors will bleed into each other on

the screen.

3.10.3 Set the channel if TV is used. A third switch which may need

setting is the channel. However, if you have a pure monitor (that is, it

cannot serve as both a TV and monitor), it will not have a channel selector.

If you have a TV/monitor, the channel selector should be set on 4.

NOTE: If you are using a TV, you must take the video signal

from the video switching box and run it through an RF

modulator. In this case, the channel selector should be

set to the channel (frequency) of the modulator.

29
Improvement of the quality of the picture may require adjustment of

color, intensity, and sharpness. These adjustments will be discussed in the

Section Fine Tuning the System.

3.11 Switch Settings on the Videodisc Player

In order for the VISTA system to function properly, three switches on

the videodisc player must be set properly.

3.11.1 Switch settings on the MCA player. On the MCA player, the first

switch to be set is the speed control. This switch is located on the front

panel, on the right-hand side and should be set to NORMAL. The second switch

is labeled TV/VDP selector. This switch is also located on the front but in

*the lower left-hand corner. This switch should be set to VDP. The last and

* most important switch is labeled SYNC. This switch is located on the rear

panel at lower center and should be set to INT switch. Settings are sum-

. marized in the following Table 3-2.

3.11.2 Switch settings on the Sony player. The first switch on the Sony

videodisc player to be set is labeled ANT/VDP. This switch is located on the

front panel, on the lower right and should be set to the VDP position. The

*second switch is labeled EXT CPU and is located on the rear panel on the

right-hand side. This switch should be set to the ON position. The last Sony

switch is labeled SC/SYNC and is located to the immediate right of the EXT CPU

switch. This switch should be set to the INT position. Switch settings are

-summarized in the following table.

30

....
Table 3-2

Switch Settings On Videodisc P.ayers

IPlayer [Switch Label jSetting Location

- MCA Speed Control I Normal j Front Panel, Right-Hand Side

I TV/VDP VDP Front Panel, Lower Left-Hand Side

_ _ SYNC INT I Rear Panel, Lower Center

I Sony ANT/VDP I VDP Front Panel, Lower Right-Hand Sidel

S-I EXT CPV I ON Rear Panel, Right-Hand Side

SC/SYNC I INT Rear Panel, Right-Hand Side _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

3.12 Cable Connections for Video and Audio Output

The final set of tasks will allow video and audio display by the monitor

or TV set. The first three tasks will allow video to come from either the

videodisc player or the computer; three coaxial cables are required and they

are provided with the videodisc player controller card. Each of the three

cables connect to the video junction box. The connections are the same for

junction boxes provided with the two types of videodisc controller cards (VMI

by Allen Communications, Inc. and VAI-1 by Colony Productions) except for

minor differences in connection labels. Task 4 allows audio to be heard on

the monitor or TV set when a motion sequence is played on the videodisc

player.

A listing of the connections described in Tasks I through 4 is given in

the following table. Refer to this table as you read the next four tasks.

31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
APPLE f

VIDEODISC PLAYER

ACdi Ou

-FIG11-Video in Audio in

Figure 3-11. A schematic diagram of video and audio connections.

32
Table 3-3

Cable Connections For Video and Audio Output

SCable Connection

From _ To _

Equipment/ I I Equipment/ 1 I

Connection I Type of Connection I Type of I

ITask No.j Label j Connector Label j Connector I

I _ 

i1 _ I Computer/VIDEO _ _ _ _ OUT _ I .I. RCA I Junction Box/COM I BNC _ _ _ _ _ _ _

2 Junction Box/VID BNC Videodisc Player/ BNC

___II_ VIDEO OUT I

3 1 Junction Box/MON BNC Monitor/VIDEO IN j BNC I I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I

4 Videodisc Player/ I RCA Monitor/AUDIO IN RCA

I jAUDIO OUT I I

3.12.1 Task 1: Connecting the Apple II and the video junction box.

Completion of this task will allow the video output of the Apple II to feed

into the video junction box. The appropriate cable for this connection is

provided with the videodisc player controller card (see Section 3.7.1, p. 21).

Each end of this cable has a particular type of connector. Locate the cable

which has a different type of connector at each end. One end has a plug-in or

phono jack connector (called an RCA connector). Plug this male-type connector

into the connection on the Apple II labeled VIDEO OUT, which you will find

located on the back of the computer in the lower left-hand corner. The other

end of the proper cable has a female-type, twist-on connector (called a BNC

connector). This connector matches the proper connector on the junction box

(labeled COM on the VMI box, and COMP on the Colony box). Press the BNC

connector onto the junction box connector and gently twist to the right to

seat the connection.

3.12.2 Task 2: Connecting the videodisc player to the video junction

box. This connection requires a coaxial cable with BNC connectors on both

ends. Connect one end of the cable to the connection labeled VIDEO OUT on the

videodisc player. The other end of the cable is attached to the VID (VMI box)

or V.DISC (Colony box) connection of the junction box.

33
3.12.3 Task 3: Connecting the monitor or TV set and video junction box.

This task differs depending on whether a monitor or TV set is used.

A monitor requires one coaxial cable with BNC connectors on both ends.

* One connector is attached to the connection labeled VIDEO IN; this is located

in the rear of the monitor. If there are a number of video input connections,

select the one that is for LINE or LINE IN. LINE connections are found only

on monitors. The other end of the cable is attached to the MON connector of

the video junction box.

A TV set requires (1) an RF modulator, (2) a coaxial cable to connect the

video junction box and the modulator, and (3) another coaxial cable connecting

the modulator to the TV set. The cable connecting the junction box and

modulator will probably require BNC connectors at both ends; one will attach

to the MON (abbreviation for monitor) connection of the junction box and the

other to the input of the RF modulator. The cable connecting the modulator

and TV set will require a BNC connection at the modulator and either a BNC or

VHF connection at the TV set depending on the connector type of the TV. The

channel selector on the TV set should be set to the same frequency (channel)

as the modulator. Most modulators operate on only one channel.

3.12.4 Task 4: Connecting the audio cable between the videodisc player

and the monitor or TV set. Audio during VISTA (except for beeps occurring as

the student operates the lesson) comes from the videodisc system; audio is

%" produced only when motion sequences are being played. The audio cable is

supplied with the videodisc player. The cable is a standard phone cable

with RCA type connectors at both ends. There are two audio output channels on

the videodisc player; they are labeled CHl-L and CH2-R. Only one channel

needs connecting for VISTA operation. Attach one end of the audio cable to

either the CHl-L or CH2-R connector and attach the other end of the cable

to the AUDIO IN connection of the monitor or TV set. If a monitor is used,

use the LINE or LINE IN audio connection.

34

?............................................... ":•""""": '" .. .....".......
3.12.5 Summary of audio and video cable connections. Since there are 2

types of Junction boxes (VMI and Colony), 2 manufacturers of players (Sony and

MCA), and an unknown number of monitors and TV sets, it is impossible to show

a diagram for all possible combinations of equipment configurations. The

previous figure (3-11) is a schematic diagram of the connection described in

this section with major connections labeled irrespective of where they may

actually be on particular models.

3.13 Arrangement of the Equipment

When completely assembled, the visible components of VISTA are the

monitor/TV set, videodisc player, Apple II, two diskette drives, and student

responder (light pen or hand controller). VISTA was designed for use by

individuals or small groups and the following arrangement is well-suited for

this use. All equipment is on a metal, 3-layered rack with wheels. With ti

monitor elevated above eye level, individuals or an entire group can have an

unobscured view of the screen. A hand controller is used in this setup

because it would be difficult to use a light pen with the elevated screen.

The hand controller also has an added advantage with small groups; the person

using the controller can do so without moving in front of the screen as often

occurs during use of a light pen. For effective use of either the hand

controller or light pen, it is desirable to keep the attachment cord as long

as possible; the student responder is attached to the Apple II and maximum

length of the cord can be achieved with the Apple II situated on the middle

rack. Disk drives can be either placed on top of the computer as shown or

stacked on top of each other off to the side of the computer.

Use of VISTA by an instructor with a large group or class requires a

slight modification of the arrangement shown above. In large groups, the

35
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Figure 3-12: Recommended equipment arrangement.

36

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instructor operates a system placed on a rack. However, most students in a

large class will probably be too far from the screen. To solve this problem,

the video output from the monitor/TV set on the rack can be used as input to

monitors or TV sets situated along the side of the classroom. Many classrooms

at military installations have monitors/TV sets mounted on the side walls;

these sets are usually driven by a single input source, and in this case, it

would be the output from the monitor connected with the Apple II.

Note: If the classroom contains TV sets, and not monitors, then

the input they receive from VISTA must first go through an

RF modulator. All channel selectors on the TV sets must

then be set to the frequency/channel of the RF modulator.

The equipment arrangement shown above is only one of many possible configurations. Evaluation of training effectiveness of VISTA with individuals

and small groups has been conducted with equipment placed on tables. A few

small tables or a single large one can be used. However, tables rarely have

wheels. If the equipment cannot be permanently located in the room used for

training, then the equipment must be partially disassembled for transport.

When all equipment is contained on one rack with wheels, then transportation

between different locations does not require any disassembly of the equipment.

37
SECTION 4

FINE TUNING AND TESTING THE SYSTEM

4.1 Introduction

After the equipment is setup as described in Section 3, several final

tasks are required to insure proper operation of the system. The tasks

described in this section should be performed before the system is used in the

training environment. While some of the tasks described in this section

(e.g., initial video adjustment) may not be necessary for system operation,

they do fine tune the system for operation at optimal quality.

In the process of fine tuning the system, it is also being tested

for operation. If the system has been incorrectly set up then it may be

impossible to perform some or all of the tasks described in this section. If

operational problems develop, then refer to Section 5, Troubleshooting.

Section 5 summarizes the types of operational problems that may occur and list

courses of action to solve the problem.

4.2 Activating the System

In order to fine tune the system, it must first be turned on. The

following will summarize tasks required to do so. A section number is listed

in parenthesis at the end of each task. This number refers to the section in

the VISTA: INSTRUCTOR'S GUIDE which gives a detailed explanation of how to

perform that task.

1. Loosen videodisc player drive spindle (Appendix B).

2. Insert SYSTEM Diskette into Disk Drive # 1 and a LESSON Diskette into

Disk Drive #2 (5.1.1).

3. Turn on monitor (5.1.2).

38

9.

9.

9'. "" """" ' " ' ' "" " " " . ." " "" """ ". . . """"" ' " " """ " . .
4. Turn on computer (5.1.3).

5. Turn on videodisc player (5.1.4).

6. Place videodisc which matches the LESSON Diskette into the videodisc

player (5.1.4).

4.3 Initial Video Adjustment

With a new computer, it may be necessary to adjust the video output

intensity. The video output intensity affects the quality of the computer

generated text and the operation of the light pen if one is being used.

Adjustment will be needed if (1) text on the screen appears too faint or

(2) text is too bright and fuzzy. If neither of these conditions occur, then

video adjustment can be ignored.

Behind the game I/0 plug (see Figure 3-6) you will find an adjustment

knob. This adjustment can be turned using a slender, long shanked screw

driver. While watching the screen of the monitor, adjust the knob clockwise

until the text appears to be clear and bright. If either the text appears too

bright and fuzzy or a color ghost appears next to each letter, then turn the

adjustment back slightly in a counter clockwise direction.

After VISTA has been activated as described in Section 4.2, text will

appear on the screen. It will be necessary to view this text to guide the

user in making the video adjustment. The text which appears will depend on

the type of interactive device attached to the system: (1) a hand controller,

(2) a light pen, or (3) both a light pen and a hand controller. The text that

will appear on the screen under these three conditions is:

(1) hand controller attached,

39
THE SYSTEM STATUS IS SET TO:

1. THE <PEDAGOGICAL/EXPERIENTIAL>

INSTRUCTIONAL MODE

d2. <KEEP/NOT KEEP> STUDENT RECORDS

IS THIS WHAT YOU WANT?

**YE S**

(2) light pen attached,

PRESS LIGHT PEN TO ASTERISK AND

TOUCH RING

(3) both light pen and hand controller attached

THIS EQUIPMENT HAS BOTH A LIGHT PEN AND

HAND CONTROLLER CONNECTED.

WHICH DO YOU WANT TO USE:

TO CHOOSE THE HAND CONTROLLER PUSH THE

BUTTON BY THE KNOB.

TO CHOOSE THE LIGHT PEN TOUCH THE RING

ON THE PEN.

When the appropriate message appears on the screen, then you are ready

to begin adjustments. Do not respond to the message until after video

adjustments are made.

4.4 Interactive Device Related Tasks

4.4.1. Introduction. The task differs depending on whether a light pen

or a hand controller is attached to the system. The hand controller task of

choosing the correct hand controller is described in Section 4.4.2, while

light pen adjustment is described in 4.4.3.

40
If both the hand controller and the light pen are attached to the system,

you must respond to the following message:

THIS EQUIPMENT HAS BOTH A LIGHT PEN AND

HAND CONTROLLER CONNECTED.

WHICH DO YOU WANT TO USE:

TO CHOOSE THE HAND CONTROLLER PUSH THE

BUTTON BY THE KNOB.

TO CHOOSE THE LIGHT PEN TOUCH THlE RING

ON THE PEN.

If you choose the hand controller, then perform the task described in Section

4.4.2 and if you choose the light pen, then perform the task described in

Section 4.4.3. After the task is completed, turn off the computer, turn it

back on, choose the interactive device that was not chosen last time and then

perform the task in Section 4.4.2 or 4.4.3, whichever hasn't been performed.

4.4.2 Choosing the correct hand controller. The hand controllers

recommended for use in the VISTA system are Apple hand controllers manufactured by the Keyboard Company. These controllers have the numbers 0 and 1

marked clearly on them. In this case, use the controller marked 0. Hand

controllers manufactured by other companies will work in the VISTA system.

Some of these companies do not mark their hand controllers. If this is the

case, you must determine which is the correct controller to use.

With the following message on the screen,

THE SYSTEM STATUS IS SET TO:

1. THE (PEDAGOGICAL/EXPERIENTIAL>

INSTRUCTIONAL MODE

2. (KEEP/NOT KEEP> STUDENT RECORDS

IS THIS WHAT YOU WANT?

**YES**

41
pick up one of the hand controllers and turn the knob. If the white square on

the screen moves, then you have the correct hand controller in your hand. If

the white square does not move, then the other controller is the correct one.

After the correct controller has been identified, then take the incorrect one,

tie its cable together (see Figure 3-5) and place it behind the computer.

4.4.3 Light pen adjustment. If you have only a light pen attached or

if you have chosen to use the light pen with a hand controller also attached,

you may need to adjust light pen alignment. When the tip of the pen is

positioned on a character or symbol on the screen, the light pen sends a

signal to the computer as soon as the ring on the pen is touched. However, if

the light pen gets out of alignment, then the computer reads an incorrect

location of the pen tip.

When you see the following,

PRESS LIGHT PEN TO ASTERISK AND

TOUCH RING • *

touch the pen to the asterisk; the computer will determine if adjustments are

necessary. If the computer determines that light pen alignment is correct,

then the following appears:

LIGHT PEN IS IN ALIGNMENT

PRESS PEN TO THIS LINE TO CONTINUE

If the light pen is in adjustment, then proceed to Section 4.5.

If the light pen is out of alignment, then you will see the following:

a.

' 42

.

.
THE LIGHT PEN NEEDS ADJUSTMENT

PRESS RETURN ON KEYBOARD TO CONTINUE

When the (RETURN> key is pressed, the following message will appear:

HOLD LIGHT PEN TO ASTERISK AND

TOUCH RING

--- - -- -- - - -

When holding the pen on the asterisk, it is better to use your left hand

because you will need your right hand to make adjustments inside the computer.

As soon as the pen is pressed to the screen and you have touched the ring, the

screen will show:

X = 11-40] Y - [1-241

HOLD LIGHT PEN TO ASTERISK AND TOUCH RING

TURN X ADJUSTMENT

[NONE, CLOCKWISE, OR COUNTER CLOCKWISE]

TURN Y ADJUSTMENT

[NONE, CLOCKWISE, OR COUNTER CLOCKWISE]

PRESS PEN TO THIS LINE TO CONTINUE

This message on the screen gives information needed to make light pen adjustments. The TURN X and TURN Y refer to adjustments on the light pen card

(slots, the sixth slot from the left) located inside the computer. There are

* three screws located on the top and toward the back of the card. The screw

labeled SYNC should absolutely not be adjusted. The middle screw is the

43
X-adjustment and is clearly labeled X, and the screw closest to the keyboard

is the Y-adjustment and is labeled Yo There are three words which can appear

on the screen after the TURN X ADJUSTMENT and TURN Y ADJUSTMENT messages.

* They are: NONE, CLOCKWISE, and COUNTER CLOCKWISE. NONE means that no

adjustment is necessary. If adjustment is needed, it is either a CLOCKWISE or

COUNTER CLOCKWISE turn on the adjusting screws. When adjustment is complete,

press the pen to the bottom line and touch the ring.

NOTE: The "X-" and "Y=" message at the top of the screen

give helpful information. For a correct adjustment,

the message should read: X 20 Y - 12.

After adjustment is complete, the computer rechecks the accuracy of

light pen alignment by requiring the following response:

PRESS LIGHT PEN TO ASTERISK AND TOUCH RING

If the pen is still out of alignment, you are automatically required to re-do

the adjustments outlined in this section.

4.5 Balancing Video Output for Computer and Videodisc

There are two sources of video for VISTA: text generated by the computer

and motion sequences from the videodisc system. Having two sources of video

output can create a problem.

A particular brightness and sharpness adjustment on the monitor may

produce ideal video output from one source (i.e., the computer or videodisc

system) but not the other. Consequently, brightness and contrast must be

adjusted to strike a balance in quality for the two sources of video output.

44
To achieve this balance, it is necessary to make adjustments while video

alternates between the two sources of output. The only way to alternate

between computer and videodisc generated output is to run a VISTA lesson.

The following message should already be showing if: (1) only the hand

controller is attached, (2) the hand controller has been chosen as the interactive device if the light pen is also attached, and (3) the light pen has

just been adjusted.

THE SYSTEM STATUS IS SET TO:

1.THE (PEDAGOGICAL/EXPERIENTIAL>

INSTRUCTIONAL MODE

2. (KEEP/NOT KEEP> STUDENT RECORDS

IS THIS WHAT YOU WANT?

**YES**

System status refers to the current setting for (1) instructional mode

(Pedagogical/Experiential) and (2) whether student records are or are not

being kept. To balance video output, you can use either Pedagogical or

Experiential Modes of instruction. However, it is easier to get to the actual

lesson if student records are not being kept. If the message states that

records won't be kept, then use the interactive device to answer **YES**.

If the system status is set to keep student records, then answer *N*

to the above message. You will be taken through steps to select (1) in--

structional mode and (2) record keeping status. Use the interactive device

to select instructional mode.

45
**CHOOiSE INSTRUCTIONAL MODE**

I WISH TO USE THE:

PEDAGOGICAL INSTRUCTIONAL MODE

EXPERIENTIAL INSTRUCTIONAL MODE

Then select to keep student records when the following appears.

**CHOOSE TO KEEP OR NOT KEEP RECORDS**

I WISH TO:

COLLECT DATA ON STUDENTS

NOT COLLECT DATA ON STUDENTS

Then you will be allowed to confirm that the correct changes in status

were made. The message tells you the status of the system and if you have set

it correctly, then answer **YES**. The message reads:

YOU HAVE SELECTED:

1. THE <PEDAGOGICAL/EXPERIENTIAL>

INSTRUCTIONAL MODE

2. <KEEP/NOT KEEP> STUDENT RECORDS

IS THIS WHAT YOU WANT:

**YES**

*N***

If the system status is set the way you want it, you can answer **YES** and

the status will remain unchanged. The lesson should now begin. Proceed

through the lesson as directed by messages on the screen. You will eventually

alternate between video which originates from the two output sources. Make

brightness and sharpness adjustments as you proceed through the lesson.

* 46

-. 7
4.6 Charging the Clock Battery

-~ If the Apple II and the clock card are to be used for any purpose other

than VISTA, then the clock battery should be properly charged. The clock

battery is charged from the power supply of the Apple II computer. After the

clock card is installed properly and its battery connected, turn the Apple II

computer on and leave it on for four days. This procedure properly charges

the battery and extends its life.

47
SECTION 5

TROUBLESHOOTING

Problem Possible Solution

Monitor fails to come on. 1. Check monitor power cord.

2. Check fuses.

3. Monitor inoperative. Check monitor

manual.

Monitor is on but no picture. i1. Check input setting. Should be set

to LINE.

2. Check cable connections in back of

monitor. They should be secure.

3. Check all cable connections to

"'"junction box.

4. Check cable connected to computer.

I from junction box.

5. Check cable connections to videodisc

I player.

6. Check to see that computer is on.

7. Press reset button on computer.

8. Monitor inoperable.

Monitor does not display video 1. Check videodisc cable connections.

from videodisc player, but text 2. Check system diskette. If the

from computer is displayed. diskette is for a different videoI idisc player, the program will

operate, but no video will play

from the videodisc player.

System functions properly but 1. Check color adjustments.

video is fuzzy or colors bleed. 2. Check adjustments for sharpness and

brightness.

3. Check video input ohm setting. This

setting should be 75 ohms or LOW.

Computer power light comes on but Turn computer off. Check computer

VISTA does not begin. diskettes for proper placement.

I Turn computer back on.

When computer is turned on, the SYSTEM Diskette not in Drive #1.

monitor shows the message: Turn computer off and check diskNO SYSTEM.APPLE. ettes.

J 48

.-. ,
Problem Possible Solution

Computer comes on but disk drives j1. Turn computer off. Check for proper

do not come on or continue to installation of disk drives into

spin. j controller card.

12. Check to see if disk controller is

in slot 6.

I3. Check cable connections - no-pins

I sticking out, connector pushed all

I the way down on the pins.

Program runs until message: PLEASE 11. Check slot position of videodisc

WAIT, VIDEODISC IS BEING POSITIONED controller card.

comes on, then stops with no 2. Check all cable connections for

apparent action from videodisc videodisc player to videodisc

player. I player controller card and junction

I box.

3. Check to see if you have the correct

I system software.

I4. Check CPU switch on Sony. Must be

set to EXT.

I5. Check videodisc - must be in player

with correct side up.

I6. Is videodisc player powered?

Light pen will not work. I1. Check slot position - must be slot 5.

I2. Check alligator clip from light pen.

I Must be clipped to center post of

I video out post and must not be

I touching the sides.

I3. Check video output intensity. May

I be too low.

Plays until first video sequence, I1. Check connections to junction box.

then will not return to text. 12. Check clock card. Should be in

I slot 7.

Lights flash on the front panel Check SYNC switch on back of videoof videodisc player and player disc player -should be internal.

does not run properly. I ("Int.")

*No audio. 1. Check audio cables.

*2. Check volume on monitor.

Videodisc player clicks and whirs Turn videodisc player off immediloudly when turned on. ately. Videodisc player lockdown

I screw is in. Unlock this screw.

49