Please do not destroy or throw away this publication. If you have no further use 

for it, write to the Geological Survey at Washington and ask for a frank to return it

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Roy O. West, Secretary

U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

George Otis Smith, Director

Professional Paper 154—C

SALINITY OF THE WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY

BY

R. C. WELLS, R. K. BAILEY, AND 

E. P. HENDERSON

Published March 14,1929

Shorter contributions to general geology, 1928

(Pages 105-152)

UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON

1929
CONTENTS

—————

Introduction.___________ •_ __________________________________________________________________________________ 105

Previous work _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 105

Method of determination _____________________________________________________________________________________ 10IK

Location of stations._________________________________________________________________________________________ 107 *

Variations«of salinity._______--_____-_--_______________________-__-_________---__-_--_____----___--_-_---_-___ 109

Density of the water_______________________________________________________________________________________ 117

ILLUSTRATIONS

Pasre

PLATE 13. Map of Chesapeake Bay showing location of sampling stations and mean annual salinity at surface and bottom. 108 

FIGURE 11. Salinity at stations 1 to 14, Chesapeake Bay'_-__________^_____---_____-______________-___-_-____-_'____ 110

12. Salinity at stations 15 to 26, Chesapeake Bay___________-___-_--__________________-______-____________ 111

13. Salinity at stations 27 to 36, Chesapeake Bay_____________________-___________--_________-_-__-_______ 112

14. Mean annual salinity and depth at certain stations in Chesapeake Bay___________________________________ 117

15. Salinity at station 14, Chesapeake Bay, for 24-hour periods on July 6-7 and December 7-8, 1920, at surface

and at depths of 10 meters, 20 meters, and bottom__________________________________________________ 118

II
SALINITY OF THE WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY

By ROGEE C. WELLS, REGINALD K. BAILEY, and EDWAED P. HENDEESON

\

INTRODUCTION

It is well known that the water of Chesapeake Bay 

is more or less salty. This characteristic has a bearing 

on navigation, engineering, the fish and oyster industries, sanitation, sedimentation, and many other matters. The saltiness, or salinity, of the water is far from 

uniform throughout the bay, however, and the data 

presented in this contribution show the distribution, 

range, and variation of the salinity in so far as about 

2,500 determinations made at intervals during 1920, 

1921, and 1922 could reveal the nature of the phenomena involved. The results show that definite 

physical factors are at work which, in spite of occasional seasonal fluctuations, tend to reproduce definite 

conditions from year to year. Briefly, it may be said 

that the salinity of the water increases from the head 

of the bay to its mouth in a fairly regular way at any 

given time and that the salinity also generally increases 

with depth at any given location. The final adjustments reached are the result of a complex interplay of 

several different factors, whose separate influences are 

in this paper considered in connection with the individual determinations.

Determinations of the salinity of the water of 

Chesapeake Bay were made in the chemical laboratory 

of the United States Geological Survey at the request 

of the United States Bureau of Fisheries, cooperating 

in a general biologic survey of the baj made under the 

direction of Dr. R. P. Cowles, of Johns Hopkins 

University. The results are published by the Geological Survey on account of the bearing they have on 

problems of geology, especially sedimentation, in 

Coastal Plain areas, the relation to biologic and other 

questions being left for consideration elsewhere. 

Doctor Cowles has kindly consented to release for 

publication the data on the temperature, depth, location, and other features of the samples collected under 

his direction, which are essential to establish the records 

of the samples.

The samples were collected from the Bureau of 

Fisheries boat Fish Hawk, by means of the usual water 

bottle and with the precautions generally observed 

in collecting samples of sea water. They were preserved in "magnesium citrate" bottles. At the end 

of the cruise one set of samples was shipped to Washington for determination of the salinity. The thermometers used to determine the temperature of the

water at the different depths at the time of collection 

were standardized by the Bureau of Standards.

The word "salinity" as used in this report, means 

the total number qf parts, by weight, of chemical 

compounds of the same composition as those found in 

sea water, dissolved in 1,000 parts, by weight, of the 

sample. More specifically, the salinity, S, is defined, 

according to Knudsen, 1 as a definite function of the 

chloride content, Cl, thus:

S = 0.030+ 1.8050C1 

PREVIOUS WORK

A considerable number of determinations of "the 

salinity of the water of Chesapeake Bay were published 

in 1916 by the United States Public Health Service in 

connection with a study of the pollution of the tidal 

waters of Maryland and Virginia. 2 Most of these, 

however, were made on samples from rivers and inlets 

along the borders of the bay. Some further determina-, 

tions were published in 1917 by Sale and Skinner.3 

but the localities are too scattering to establish any 

general relations concerning the distribution of the 

salinity over the bay as a whole.

The determinations in these two papers fit in very 

well with those found in the present investigation. 

Some of the salinities found by Gumming in 1914 in 

the sounds along the eastern shore of the bay are higher 

than those found by the writers at corresponding 

stations in the bay—a fact, however, which may be 

in harmony with the tendency outlined on page 109.

METHOD OF DETERMINATION

The salinity of each sample was calculated from the 

chlorine content, as determined by titration by silver 

nitrate, potassium chrom#te being used as indicator. 

Titrations on Bureau of Fisheries samples Nos. 8707 

to 8737 were made by R. C. Wells, on Nos. 8738 to 

8769 by R. K. Bailey, and on Nos. 8770 to 9019 by 

E. P. Henderson. Mr. Wells supervised the methods 

used. TSach author calculated the densities of the 

samples he analyzed from the data in Knudsen's 

tables.4

1 Knudsen, Martin, Hydrographische Tabellen, p. lii, Copenhagen, 1901.

2 Gumming, H. S., Investigation of the pollution of the tidal waters of Maryland 

and Virginia with special reference to shellfish-bearing areas: Public Health Bull. 

74,199 pp., with maps, 1916.

a Sale, J. W., and Skinner, W W., The vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen 

and the precipitation by salt water in certain tidal areas: Franklin Inst. Jour., 

December, 1917, pp. 837-848.

4 Knudsen, Martin, op. cit.

105
106 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

The titrations were made essentially as recommended by the Conseil permanent international de la 

mer, except that an ordinary 50 cubic centimeter 

burette and a 15 cubic centimeter pipette were used. 

The silver nitrate solution was of such strength that 

about 41 cubic centimeters was required fora 15 cubic 

centimeter portion of normal sea water. This procedure necessitates a little more calculation to reduce 

the results to standard form, but is believed to be fully 

as accurate as that with the special apparatus and 

silver nitrate solution. The usual precautions to 

maintain a uniform temperature and clean apparatus 

were observed.

The silver nitrate solution was standardized with a 

sample of sea water sent out from Copenhagen, 

marked "Cl= 19.379 %o," which was checked and 

found to be correct on the basis of weighings in air and 

counting the bromine as an equivalent amount of 

chlorine. A pipette full of standard sea water is 

titrated against the silver nitrate solution after the 

addition of 5 drops of 10 per cent potassium chromate 

solution, until a definite pink color persists for about 

three minutes while the solution is stirred vigorously 

with a stirring rod. Suppose it is found that 42.58 

cubic centimeters of silver nitrate is required. Knudsen's table on page 19 shows that sea water having 

19.38 parts of chlorine per thousand has a salinity of 

35.01 parts per thousand and a density at 0° of 1.02814. 

Knudsen's table on page 41 shows that the dpensity of 

this water at 20° would be 1.02463—that is, 1 liter at 

20° would weigh 1,024.6 grams—and 1,024.6 grams of 

the water would contain 35.87 grams of salts, as 1,000 

grams contain 35.01 grams of salts by definition of the 

word salinity.

If now an unknown safmple is titrated and requires 

& cubic centimeters, of silver nitrate the salt content

in grams per liter at 20° C. will be An ^ 0 X35.87. 

35.87 The fraction

42.58' 

be a constant factor, and the

product indicated gives the salt content in grams per 

liter at 20° for each sample titrated. The results are 

reduced to salinity, or parts per thousand, by means 

of the accompanying Table 1. It is not necessary 

that the titration should be made at exactly 20°, but 

it is essential that the silver solution and the sample 

being titrated should be at approximately the same 

temperature. It is obvious that the factor used

/ "\^ S7\

( for example, jo 'go ) should refer to the same temperature as the table of corrections (Table 1), and that 

this factor must be determined for each lot of silver 

nitrate solution made up. A large quantity of silver 

nitrate solution prepared at one time saves repeated 

standardizations, but has the disadvantage of changing in temperature more slowly than the small bottles 

of sea water being titrated. When many titrations

are to be made it is convenient to have the silver 

nitrate solution kept in a dark bottle placed on a shelf 

above the burette but connected by a siphon so that 

the burette may be quickly filled merely by opening a 

pinchcock.

TABLE 1.-^-Correction for reducing salt content expressed as grams 

per liter at 20° C. to salinity, or parts per thousand

Grams 

per liter i 

at 20° C.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Correction

-0 06

- 07

- 09

- 11

- 13

- 15

- 17

- 19

- 21

- 23

- 26

- 29

- 32

- 35

- 38

- 41

Grams 

per liter 

at 20° C.

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

y

Correction

—0.44

-.48

-.52

-.56

-.60

-.64

-.68

-.72

-. 77

-.82

-.87

-.92

-.97

-1.03

-1.09

The density at 0° is read from the salinity by means 

of Knudsen's tables, pages 1-22, and the density at 

the temperature the sample had when collected is calculated by means of the tables on pages 39-42.

It is believed by the writers that the salinities and 

densities calculated as described above are but slightly 

if at all inaccurate, even for the more dilute waters, 

as can be readily shown. The tables are based on 

the assumption that sea water is diluted with practically pure water, whereas in Chesapeake Bay it is 

actually diluted with river water of somewhat different 

composition from sea water. For example, Susquehanna River water, according to Dole,5 has the following mean composition, in parts per million of dissolved matter: Si02, 8.7; Fe, 0.09; Ca, 21; Mg, 4.6; 

Na + K, 8.9; HC03, 54; SO4, 31; N03, 3.4; Cl, 8.1; 

total, 112. Here the ratio of total dissolved matter 

to chlorine is 13.8, whereas in sea water it is 1.806. 

But sea water is so much more salty than Susquehanna 

River water that the admixture of river water in 

such quantities as occur in Chesapeake Bay does not 

alter the ratio between the chlorine and total salts 

appreciably.

As an illustration it is calculated that a mixture of 

6 kilograms of Susquehanna River water with 1 kilogram of sea water would have a chlorine content of 

2.62 grams per kilogram, from which the calculated 

salinity, according to Knudsen's table, would be 4.76 

and the density at 0° C. 1.00377. The true salinity 

of this mixture, determined by analysis, would be 4.81, 

and its density at 0° approximately 1.00382. The 

difference is of the order of the experimental error.

« Dole, R. B., U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 236, p. 104,1909.
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 107

Slight variations in composition of the salts doubtless occur with the season, but it would be impossible 

to make a complete analysis of every sample.6 It has 

not seemed worth the time required to make any 

correction on this account. The method used has 

permitted a large number of determinations to be 

made, giving results which permit comparisons of 

the different waters on a common basis, and so far 

as known no comparisons will have any significant 

error on account of the slight departure of the waters 

from average ocean water.

LOCATION OF STATIONS

In accordance with the custom of the Bureau of 

Fisheries each station where samples were collected 

was designated by a consecutive number, and consequently the same stations, or points as near as the 

navigator of the Fish Hawk could get to them, appear 

repeatedly with new numbers. For the sake of 

simplicity these stations have been reduced to a 

single series of numbers, 1 to 34, and stations differing by only very short distances are grouped together, 

provided the differences in location are not essential. 

The location of these stations by chart bearings and 

by latitude and longitude is given in Table 2. (See 

also pi. 13.)

TABLE 2.—Location of stations in Chesapeake Bay

Station 

No.

1

2

3

4

5

6

Bureau of 

Fisheries Nos.

8738 

8799 

8800

8866

8867

8739

8736

8740

8797

8802

8864

8869

8737

8798

8801

8865

8868

8741

8796 

8803

8861

8872

8925

8735

8742

8804

8862

8871

8924

8928 

8959 

8960

9019

9078

8926

8957

8962

9017

9076

8927

8958

8961

9018

9077

8954

8963 

9014

9045

9073

8955

8964

9015

9046

9074

Bearings, latitude, and longitude

7 Foot Knoll Light W. by N. ^ 

Craig Channel Light NW. 

Lat. 39° 08' 49" N.

Long. 76° 19' 42" W.

Sandy Point Light SW.; Baltimore

.W.

Lat. 39° 03' 52" N.

Long. 76° 20' 04" W.

Off Sandy Point. Sandy Point

SW. by S. % S.; Baltimore Light

% N

Lat. 39° 02' 16" N.

Long. 76° 22' 27" W.

i N.;

Light

Light

NW.

Love Point. Sandy Point Light SW. by

W. yz W.; Baltimore Light NW. by W.

% W.

Lat. 39° 02' 23" N.

Long. 76° 20' 30" W.

Thomas Point Light N. by E. ^

Bloody Point Light E. % S 

Lat. 38° 50' 10" N.

Long. 76° 27' 02" N.

i E.;

Bloody Point Light E. by S. about \H

miles.

Lat. 38° 50' 09" N.

Long.'JT6° 25' 44" W.

* For slight differences! between Mediterranean water and average sea water see 

Bertrand, Freundler, au.d Menager, Compt. Rend., vol. 174, p. 1251,1922.

TABLE 2.—Location of stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 

No.

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

>

15

16

17

18

Bureau of 

Fisheries Nos.

8734 8923

8743 8956

8795 8965

8805 9016

8863 9047

8870 9075

8732 8952

8745 8967

8793 9013

8807 9044

8859 9072

8873

8733 8922

8744 8953

8794 8966

8806 9012

8860 9043

8874 9071

8731 8921

8746 8951

8792 8968

8808 9011

8858 9042

8875 9070

8730 8920

8747 8950

8791 8969

8809 9010

8857 9041

8876 9069

8729

8748

8969

8726 8917

8751 8947

8788 8971

8812 9007

8854 9038

8879 9066

8727 8918

8750 8948

8789 8970

8811 9008

8855 9039

8877 9067

8728 8919

8749 8949

8790 9009

8810 9040

8856 9068

8878

8723 8914

8752 8944

8785 8974

8813 9004

8851 9035

8880 9063

8724 8915

8753 8945

8786 8973

8814 9005

8852 9036

8881 9064

8725 8916

8754 8946

8787 8972

8815 9006

8853 9037

8882 9065

Bearings, latitude, and longitude

—————————————————————————— » ————

Bloody Point Light E. ^ N. about ^

mile.

Lat. 38° 49' 55" N.

Long. 76° 24' 08" W.

Governor's Run Wharf W. M S. % mile;

- Spar buoy S 2 B N: M W.

Lat. 38° 30' 13" N.

Long. 76° 28' 52" W.

James Island. North end of James Island E. % N.; bell buoy 18 A N. M E.

Lat. 38° 31' 07" N.

Long. 76° 25' 09" W.

Cove Point. * Cove Point Light N. % W.;

buoy 21 NE. by E. M E.

Lat. 38° 21' 04" N.

Long. 76° 22' 11" W.

Barren Island. Barren Island Buoy, 16

D, NE. by N. 200 yards.

Lat. 38° 20' 20" N.

Long. 76° 18' 09" W.

v

Hooper Island. Hooper Island Light SE.;

Cedar Point Light NW. by W. % W.;

Point No Point S. % W.

Lat. 38° 16' 22" N.

Long. 76° 16' 36" W.

Point No Point. Point No Point Light

NW. by N. M W.; Point Lookout Light

SW. by S. H S.

Lat. 38° 07' 11" N.

Long. 76° 16' 48" W.

Point No Point. Point No Point Light

W. by N. % N.; Point Lookout Light

SW. H W.

Lat. 38° 07' 09" N.

Long. 76° 13' 32" W.

Holland Island. Point No Point Light

W. % N.; Holland Bar Light SE. H 8.

Lat. 38° 07' 20" N.

Long. 76° 09' 44" W.

Mouth of Potomac. Point Lookout Light

NE. by E. M E.; bell buoy 5 NW. % N.

^

Lat. 37° 59' 56" N.

Long. 76° 23' 19" W.

Mouth of Potomac. Point Lookout Light

NE. by E. «Hj E.; Point Lookout buoy,

N 2, E. H 87

Lat. 38° 01' 21" N.

Long. 76° 21' 14" W.

Mouth of Potomac. Point Lookout Light

E. by 8. H 8.; Point Lookout buoy, N 2,

SE. % S.

Lat. 38° 02' 28" N.

Long. 76° 20' 43" W.
108 - SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 2.—Location of stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 

No.

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

Bureau of 

Fisheries Nos.

8722 8913 

8756 8943 

8782 8975 

8817 9002 

8850 9033 

8884 9061

8755 8942 

8783 8976 

8816 9003 

8849 9034 

8883 9062 

8912

8721 8911 

8757 8941 

8784 8977 

8818 9001 

8848 9032 

8885 9060

8720 8910 

8758 8940 

8781 8978 

8819 9000 

8847 9031 

8886 9059

8719 8909 

8759 8939 

8781 8979 

8819 8999 

8846 9030 

8887 9058

8717 8907 

8760 8938 

8780 8981 

8820 8998 

8845 9029 

8889 9057

8718 8937 

8779 8980 

8821 8997 

8844 9028 

8888 9056 

8908

8716 8778 

8761 8822

8715 8906 

8762 8936 

8777 8982 

8823 8996 

8843 9027 

8890 9055

8714 8905 

8763 8935 

8776 8983 

8824 8995 

8842 9026 

8891 9054

8713 8904 

8764 8934 

8775 8984 

8825 8994 

8841 9025, 

8892 9053

Bearings, latitude, and longitude

Smith Point Light W. ^ N.; Great Wicomico Light SW. by W. ^ W. 

Lat. 37° 52' 35" N. 

Long. 76° 09' 05" W.

Smith Point Light W. % N.; Tangier 

Light SE. % S. 

Lat. 37° 52' 34" N. 

Long. 76° 05' 33" W.

Smith Point Light NW. by N.; buoy 

NNW.; Great Wicomico Light SW. by 

W. M W. 

Lat. 37° 51' 40" N. 

Long. 76° 09' 48" W

*.

Off Rappahannock Spit. Windmill Point 

Light W. y% N.; bell buoy SW. by W. 

H W.

Lat. 37° 35' 52" N. 

Long. 76° 11' 37" W.

Off Rappahannock Spit. Windmill Point 

Light W. by N. )£ N.; bell buoy W. 

MX.

Lat. 37° 35' 20" N. 

Long. 76° 09' 07" W.

Off Sandy Point. Can buoy 1 E. % S. 

33^ miles; buoy 10 C N. by E. K E. 

Lat. 37° 33' 02" N. 

Long. 76° 02' 06" W.

Sandy Point. Can buoy 1 SE. H E. 

about 1 mile: spar buoy, o. c. c. w, 

10 B, SW. by S. ^ S. 

Lat. 37° 33' 51" N. 

Long. 75° 59' 36" W.

New Point Light SW. by W. % W.; Wolf 

Trap Light W. ^ N. 

Lat. 37° 23' 31" N. 

Long. 76° 04' 49" W.

New Point Comfort. Buoy C 9 NW. by 

N. M N.: New Point Comfort Light 

NW. M W.; York Spit Light S. by W. H w.

Lat. 37° 16' 50" N. 

Long. 76° 14' 12" W.

Off New Point Comfort. New Point Comfort Light NW. by W. % W.; York Spit 

Light SW. H W.; buoy C 7 W. 

Lat. 37° 15' 58" N. 

Long. 76° 11' 00" W.

Off Cape Charles City. Plantation Light 

SE. by E.; buoy 10 E. by N. ^g N.; buoy 

15 S. by E. % E. 

Lat. 37° 15' 50" N. 

Long. 76° 07' 44" W.

TABLE 2.—Location of stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 

No.

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

Bureau of 

Fisheries Nos.

8712 8903 

8765 8933 

8774 8985 

8826 8993 

8840 9024 

8893 9052

8711 '

8707 8929 

8769 8988 

8770 8989 

8831 9020 

8898 9048

8899

8710 8902 

8766 8932 

8773 8986 

8827 8992 

8839 9023 

8894 9051

8709 8901 

8767 8931 

8772 8991 

8828 9022 

8838 9050 

8895

8708 8900 

8768 8930 

8771 8987 

8829 8990 

8837 9021 

8896 9049

8836

8835

8834

8833

8832

Bearings, latitude, and longitude

Cape Charles City. Plantation Light 

SE. % S.; buoy 10 N. M E. 

Lat. 37° 15' 18" N. 

Long. 76° 04' 54" W.

South end of 35-foot channel. Buoy S. 4 

N. by W. % W.; buoy 2 SW. H S. 

Lat. 37° 09' 10* N. 

Long. 76° 06' 31" W.

Thimble Shoal. Thimble Shoal Light 

ENE. H E.; can buoy 15 SE. H E. 

Lat. 37° 00' 35" N. 

Long. 76° 15' 24" W.

Bell buoy 2 N. by W. % W.; bell buoy 3 

W. M N. 

Lat. 36° 57' 56" N. 

Long. 76° 04' 52* W.

Cape Charles. Cape Charles Light NE.; 

buoy E. y* S.; lightship SW. byS. 34 S. 

Lat. 37° 03' 22* N. 

Long. 75° 58' 24" W.

Between the capes. Lightship S. % E.; 

Cape Henry Light S. K W. 

Lat. 37° W 10" N. 

Long. 76° 00' 42* W

Cape Henrv. Cape Henry Light SW. by 

S. H S.f lightship N. M W. 

Lat. 36° 56' 56" N. 

Long. 75° 59' 52" W.

Atlantic Ocean E. ^ S. from whistle buoy 

off Cape Henry ; line of 10 fathoms depth; 

about 30 miles out. 

Lat. 36° 56' N. 

Long. 75° 35' W.

Similar to 37; line of 20 fathoms depth; 

about 50 miles out. 

Lat. 36° 56' N. 

Long. 75° 11' W.

Similar to 37; line of 40 fathoms depth; 

about 70 miles out. 

Lat. 36° 56' N. 

Long. 74° 42' W.

Similar to 37; line of 50 fathoms depth; 

about 83 miles out. 

Lat. 36° 56' N. 

Long. 74° 38' W.

Similar to 37; line of 100 fathoms depth; 

about 87 miles out. 

Lat. 36° 56' N. 

Long. 74° 35' W.
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 154 PLATE 13

76°

15 19 \A 15 

Pt Lookout

Figure in circle«Pshows location of 

station; upper figure U2),mean annual 

salinity at surface, in parts per thousand; 

lower figure (W), mean annual salinity 

at bottom

37°-

MAP OF CHESAPEAKE BAY, SHOWING LOCATION OF SAMPLING STATIONS AND MEAN ANNUAL SALINITY AT SURFACE

AND BOTTOM

SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 109

VARIATIONS OF SALINITY

VARIATIONS OVER THE BAY AS A WHOLE

The salinity of the water increases from the head of 

the bay to its mouth at any given time, but not in a 

wholly regular way. It is approximately 6 in the 

latitude of Baltimore and about 24 between Cape 

Charles and Cape Henry; that of average sea water 

is about 33. There is a tendency toward higher 

salinities on the east side of the bay than on the west 

side at the same latitude. Although this condition 

has been ascribed to the fact that the principal rivers 

enter the bay on its west side, the rotation of the 

earth may also be a factor. It is well known that a 

body moving freely in any direction on the surface 

in the Northern Hemisphere is deflected to the right, 

and many instances of the operation of this tendency 

have been noted in the movement of natural waters. 

Thus, the Gulf Stream flows across to Europe and 

the polar currents are deflected toward Greenland and 

Labrador. Above Patuxent River there is not much 

difference in the stream flow into Chesapeake Bay on 

the east and west sides, and most of the water enters the 

bay from the Susquehanaa at its head, yet there is still 

a slight difference in salinity on the two sides. This is 

what would be expected if it is assumed that the outflowing lighter water is deflected to the right and passes 

south along the west side of the bay. The difference in 

salinity between the east and west sides of all the lower 

portion of the bay is marked, and the relations in the 

channel between the capes are also what would be expected from the operation of the principle cited above.

The principal drainage areas furnishing water to 

Chesapeake Bay are shown in Table 3, together with 

estimates of their mean rate of contribution.7

TABLE 3.—Annual inflow into Chesapeake Bay

Susquehanna River Basin. _______________

West shore of bay between Susquehanna 

and Potomac Rivers__ _ _ _______

Potomac River Basin_.._ __________________

Rappahannock River Basin above FredRappahannock River Basin below Fredericksburg and minor streams tributary 

to the bay between Potomac River and 

latitude 37° 30'________ _______ _ _ _

James River above Cartersville _ ______

Appomattox River above Mattoax ______

Balance of James River Basin, all of York 

River Basin, and all minor streams tributary directly to the bay between latitude 

37° 30' and Cape Henry. __ __ __ _ __

East shore of bay between Susquehanna 

River and Cape Charles_____________ __

Chesapeake Bay itself _ _ _ _ __________ _

Grand total __ _ _______ _ . _ _

Drainage 

area (square 

miles)

27,400

2,390 

14, 140

1,590

1,310 

6,230 

745

6,340 

3,980

64, 125 

3,380

67, 505

Mean rate 

of contribution 

(secondfeet)

41,300

3,230 

14, 850

1,710

1,440 

7,540 

930

6,970 

5,580

83, 550 

«4, 500

88, 050

0 Mean annual rainfall on bay about 45 inches; evaporation assumed to be 60 per 

cent of rainfall. Some later calculations by one of the writers indicate that the 

annual evaporation is nearer the annual rainfall; if this is correct, the net contribution over the bay itself is negligible.

' From U. S. Oeol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 284, p. 52, 1909, and other watersupply papers: summarized for the writers by J. C. Hoyt, of the Geological Survey.

100753°— 29 —— 2

From the data in Table 3 and the known cross section of Chesapeake Bay it is calculated that the average outward current is about 0.3 nautical mile an 

hour. The rate naturally varies with the cross section 

of the bay. This rate, however, appears sufficiently 

large to warrant a consideration of the effect of the 

earth's rotation on the direction of the currents. The 

tides convert the net outflow into a series of impulses, 

first one way and then the other, and these do not occur 

in the same direction simultaneously over the whole 

area of the bay. Any given phase of the tidal impulse 

occurs aBout nine hours later in the latitude of Baltimore than at Cape Henry. Winds and seasonal flows 

also cause large variations in the currents in the bay, 

and the net result of all of these movements is a greatly 

accelerated mixing of the water of different densities 

and salinities.

Determinations by Doctor Cowles at station 14 

January 25 and 26, 1921, by means of current meters 

and at different depths, showed rates of flow both 

above and below the mean rate given above. The 

highest rate was 1.70 miles an hour at a depth of 

30 meters, the lowest 0.14 mile at the surface. Similar 

determinations at station 1 on January 27 and 28 

ranged from 0.14 mile at a depth of 5 meters to 2.07 

miles at the surface. Determinations at station 1 

on March 26 and 27 ranged from,Q.12 to 1.10 miles, 

both at the surface and with nearly the same direction 

of the wind, but on March 30 and 31 at the same station the variation was only from 0.02 to 0.46 mile. 

At station 14 on June 1 and 2 the rate ranged from 

0.04 to 0.83 mile; at station 1 on the two following 

days the range at the surface was from 0.03 to 1.43 

miles and at depth from 0.07 to 0.96 mile. The surface velocities of the ebb tides are about 0.1 mile 

greater at their maximum than those of the flood tides 

in the latitude of Point Lookout, whereas at Cape 

Henry Light the difference is about 0.5 mile, other 

conditions being similar.

The salinity of Chesapeake Bay water generally 

increases with depth. In other words, there must be 

a slow movement of the denser water from the ocean 

up the bay in the deepest channels, while the lighter 

water flows out over the heavier. For the reason 

mentioned above, however, this current also bears 

slightly toward the right—that is^ in general toward 

the east side of the bay. Between Cape Henry and 

Cape Charles the net movement is of course outward, 

but there is also a slight under current of salt water 

moving inward at depth, chiefly on the Cape Charles 

side, which maintains the salinity of the bay.

Table 4 gives in a condensed form the average salinities observed at the surface and at the bottom at each 

station on the dates for which observations are available. The results are also shown graphically by 

curves in Figures 11, 12, and 13. In preparing these 

curves ah1 observations for each station were averaged 

to a single figure for each period during which samples
110 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

were collected. Fi 

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FIGURE 11.—Salinity at stations 1 to 14, Chesapeake Bay, by months

>' u

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and at the bottom—that is, the annual mean was 

obtained partly by graphic interpolation and is not 

exactly the arithmetical mean of the figures in Table 4. 

As thus calculated each month received a weight of oneyet the curves and averages give a better iidea of the relations than could be obtained from numerical data alone. 

It should be borne in mind that like other measurements dependent on such natural conditions as rain-
SALINITY OF WATEB OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 111

fall and storms, th 

temporary and son 

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FIGURE 12.—Salinity at stations 15 to 26, Chesapeake Bay, by months

steady and regular figure. As would be expected 

from the usual spring floods in the Susquehanna 

River, there is a general tendency toward lower salinities, especially in the upper bay, in the spring. SimiVAEIATIONS OF SALINITY AT SINGLE STATIONS

The conclusions set forth above are the results of 

averages and measurements on a large scale. Numerous individual measurements at the different sta-
112 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

tions, however, show variations of many kinds, each 

dependent on a separate factor, as might be expected 

from the nature of the forces involved. In its simplest 

terms the process that goes on in Chesapeake Bay is 

merely one of mixing river water with ocean water— 

a process in which the winds and the tides take part, 

the former with occasional large effects, the latter with

conversely, the configuration of the fyottom is partly 

dependent on the currents. The densjity of the water 

depends both on its salinity and on its temperature. 

These separate factors may sometime$ assist or sometimes oppose each other, so that th|s corresponding 

results occasionally vary widely. Illustrations of 

these relations may be found in the! accompanying

25

20

FIGUBE. 13.—Salinity at stations 27 to 36, Chesapeake Bay, by months

unceasing regularity, and increasing in effect with the 

nearness to the ocean. Some of the other factors 

are rainfall, evaporation, and changes in temperature 

of the water. The adjustments reached are obviously 

the resultant of a complex interplay of forces, each 

varying in its own particular way. The discharge of 

the rivers, the rainfall, and the evaporation vary with 

the season of the year. The currents in the water are 

determined not only by the tides, but also by the 

winds, by the small normal discharge to the ocean, and 

partly by the configuration of the bottom, although,

data, such as different salinities at tho same station 

in different years, months, days, or even hours of the 

day, or, on the other hand, occasionally very slight

variations over long intervals. Thus 

found in May, 1920, were uniformly

the salinities 

low over the

whole bay.

When it is noted that the average salinity changes 

a unit in 3 miles at some localities on the bay and

that the tides sweep the water back and forth for

greater distances than this in many phizes it is clear 

that considerable occasional variations are to be ex-
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 113

pected at individual stations. Similarly, at many 

localities the salinity changes on the average as much 

as a unit in a depth of 5 meters. Greater differences 

due to incomplete mixing are common. 

Continuous records over 24-hour periods at different 

dates are shown in Table 5 for stations 1 and 14, and 

two such records are plotted in Figure 15 for four 

depths at station 14, about the middle of the bay east 

of Point No Point. These curves show that the surface water and bottom water vary less in salinity than 

the intermediate waters. The constancy in the bottom water is probably due in part to the lag in its 

motion caused by friction between the water and the 

bottom; that of the surface water may be caused by 

the more thorough mixing brought about by the winds 

and the waves. 

The greatest movement seems to be shown in intermediate waters. In some of these the variations are 

irregular, as if the sampling bottle had penetrated first 

one layer then another. In others the variations are 

clearly due to the tides — that is, flood tides bring 

denser water, ebb tides lighter water. The differences 

in density due to differences in temperature are shown 

in the tables, but most of them are far. smaller than 

those due to differences in salinity, so that only the 

salinity has been plotted in Figure 15. 

. The salinity of the water in the deep "holes" of the 

bay is somewhat more constant, with regard to both 

depth and the season, than it is in many shallow parts 

of the bay, as might be expected from analogy with 

well-known relations in oceanic circulation. The 

relatively denser water in the "holes" would be expected to be more or less stagnant. In channels this 

might not be so, however, but sufficient observations 

have not been made to establish any definite correlations between the density of the water and the flow in 

the channels,

TABLE 4. — Salinity of the water at stations in Chesapeake Bay

[For location of the stations see pi. 13. The figures in parentheses indicate the 

number of observations averaged to obtain the salinity given]

Station 1 (bottom depth 11 meters)

Salinity

Date —_______— _______ 

Surface Bottom

Jan. 27, 1921___-__ _ .._.._____ 7.2 (11) 13.5 (9)

Mar. 6, 1920— _-_. ___ ________ 10.3 (11) 12.0 (10)

Mar. 26, 1921_______ .._..._.__.. 3.7 (15) -_._____..__

Mar. 30, 1922— ________________ 5.6 (5) 10.3 (15)

May 8, 1920.___ ____ __ _ 2.3 6.5

June 3, 1921__. .__._..___.___.__ 6.2 (16) 12.5 (16)

July 3, 1920. ___________________ 6.8 (16) 12.8 (15)

Aug. 26, 1920— _______ _________ 6.0 (16) 15.5 (16)

Oct. 15, 1920. __________________ 9.4 (16) 14.2 (16)

Dec. 10, 1920___________________ 5. 1 (16) 15. 3 (16)

Annual mean. ____________ 6. 3 12. 9

Station 2 (bottom depth 13.7 meters)

Mar. 7, 1920 ______ _ ___ ____ 11.6 15.1

TABLE 4. — Salinity of the water at stations in Chesapeake 

Continued

Station 3 (bottom depth 13 meters)

Date

Jan. 17, 1920____ _ —————— __

Jan. 27, 1921___________, _______

Mar. 6, 1920—— ————— —— _ _ Mar. 28, 1921 — ____-___. __ ___

May 7, 1920—— ————— —————

June 3, 1921. __ ___ _________ __

July 4, 1920---.- __ _ . ______

Aug. 26, 1920.______ _ ---_-_--_

Oct. 17, 1920. ____ ---_________

Dec. 9, 1920._ ____ _ _ _ __

Bay —

Salinity

Surface

12.0 

10.4 

12.4 

6. 0 

4.0 

5. 8 

8.6 

8. 8 (2) 

10.4 

9. 1

8.3

Bottom

17.

14. 

14. 

12. 

5. 

16. 

8. 

17. 

15. 

16.

13.

2 

2 

8 

4 

8 

2 

9 

7 

3 

8

9

(2)

Station 4 (bottom depth 21 meters)

Jan. 17, 1920-____-_-_ _ _______

Jan. 27, 1921_ _ ___ __ ________

Mar. 28, 1921 ———— —— —— ——

Mar. 29, 1922________ _ ________

May 7, 1920________ _ _________

June 3, 1921. ______ ___ _ ___

July 4, 1920___ _ -_ __ _.

Aug. 26, 1920-__-_--_- -_-_----_

Oct. 17, 1920_ _ —— •———— ———

Dec. 9, 1920... _ __ _ _ _ _

12.3 

10.9 

5.3 

5.7 

4.4 

5.9 

7.9 

8.7

10.6

8. 1

17. 

14. 

13. 

15. 

7. 

20. 

15. 

13. 

16. 

17.

14

4 

5

0 

8 

2 

0 

4 

4 

0 

7

9

Station 5 (bottom depth 10 meters)

Jan. 25, 1922._______-_._- ______

Jan. 27, 1921_.___---__-_ __ ___

Mar. 7, 1920-___---_-_-_-__- _

Mar. 28, 1921____ __ __________

May 7, 1920---_-_---_-_ __ ___

June 3, 1921-_ _ ______ _ __

July 4, 1920___-__ __ __________

Aug. 26, 1920----_-_-----_-_-_-_

Oct. 17, 1920-_----._ _ ________

11.3 

11. 1 

13.8 

8. 1 

6.4 

7.3 

9. 8 

8.7 

11.8

9. 9

12. 

11. 

14. 

9. 

8. 

15. 

10. 

13. 

15.

11.

1 

1 

1

2 

8 

4 

1 

4 

0

8

Station 6 (bottom depth 13 meters)

Jan. 17, 1920_______-___-_--_-_-

Jan. 25, 1922___._-___-_----____

Jan. 27, 1921_____-_____-_-----_

Mar. 7, 1920-_.______--__---__-

Mar. 28, 1921__________________

June 3, 1921 ______ _ _ __ _ ____ 

July 5, 1920__________________-_

Aug. 26, 1920---_-___--_-___-_--

Oct. 17, 1920_--___- _ __.------

Dec. 9, 1920- _______ ____ - __

Annual mean. _____ _ _ _

13.0 

11.6 

11.4 

13.7 

8.4 

8.4 

9.0 

9.6 

12.2 

10.4

10. 5

14.

11. 

14. 

11. 

11. 

16. 

10. 

15. 

12.

13.

5

4 

8 

3 

3 

2 

2 

6 

6

1

Station 7 (bottom depth 27 meters)

Jan. 17, 1920 -.--_- _ __ _______

Jan. 25, 1922____. _ __.____-_-

Jan. 27, 1921.. --__.___________-

Mar. 7, 1920_____--_---________

Mar. 29, 1921______.-_________-

May 7, 1920————— ———— ———

June 3, 1921 _______ _____ ____

July 5, 1920__.______-__-____-_-

Aug. 26, 1920- ——— ———— ————

Oct. 17, 1920———— ———— — ——

Dec. 9, 1920_ _____ __ ___ _ __

13. 6 

13. 3 

12. 1 

13.8 

7.4 

5.8 

8.4 

9.4 

10.6 

13.7 

12.4

10.8

18. 

18. 

13. 

15. 

13. 

15. 

18. 

17. 

18. 

16. 

13.

15.

1 

4 

3

7 

5 

7 

6 

5 

7 

5 

3

5
114 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 4.—Salinity of the water at stations in Chesapeake Bay— TABLE 4.—Salinity of the water at stations in

Continued Continued

Station 8 (bottom depth 10 meters) Station 13 (bottom depth 13 meters)

e Bay—

Date

Jan. 16, 1920__ — _-_____________

Jan. 25, 1922___________________

Jan. 26, 1921___________________

Mar. 8, 1920_ __________________

Mar. 29, 1921_ _________________

May 7, 1920_.-_-___--__________

June 3, 1921_________ _____ ___

July 5, 1920_--_-__-_--_-__-_.__

Aug. 25, 1920__________ — -_--_-_

Oct. 17, 1920____ __- — ___- — __-

Annual mean _____

Salinity

Surface

13. 0 

12. 4 

15. 0

6.3 

10. 6 

11.3 

9.9 

13. 0

10.9

Bottom

13. 5 

13. 1 

12.4 

15.0 

11.5 

11.9 

143 

11.7 

9.9 

13. 0

12. 4

Station 9 (bottom depth 22 meters)

Station 10 (bottom depth 7 meters)

Station 11 (bottom depth 47 meters)

Jan. 16, 1920__--__-__-__-__-__-

Jan. 24, 1922______._. __________

Jan. 26, 1921 __________ _ ___

Mar. 8, 1920__ __ _ _________

Mar. 29, 1921. __ ____________ _ Mar. 29, 1922. _________________

May 7, 1920-_-_________. ______

June 3, 1921_____ _ __ ____ ____

July 5, 1920_____. ______________

Aug. 25, 1920___. -____-__-__-.__

Oct. 17, 1920.__________________

Dec. 9, 1920__________.__. ______

14 1

13. 2

13. 0

15.4

10.9

11.9

6. -9

10.6

11.4

13.7

147

12.3

18. 6

19. 8

13. 7

15. 6

16 2

16.9

15.9

1R Q

19.0

18.8

17.4

15.8

17. 5

Jan. 16, 1920_-_-__-__-______._-

Jan. 24, 1922___________________

Jan. 26, 1921___.__-__._________

Mar. 8, 1920- _ ____ __ _____

Mar. 28, 1921________ __ _ _____

Mar. 29, 1922__--__-____ ____ _ May 7, 1920__-____--____-_-____

June 2, 1920-__. _ _ _ _________

JulyS, 1920________-__-____-_._

Aug. 25, 1920_-_--_______-____._

Oct. 18, 1920___________________

Dec. 8, 1920__ ______ ______ __

141

13. 8

13. 1

15. 6

11.4

12.3

7. 0

11.0

11.5

10. 7

13.8

146

12.3

13.8

13. 1

15. 6

11.8

13. 7

7.3

11.0

10 Q

12. 6

13.8

14. K

13.5

Jan. 16, 1920_ — ____ — ___ — — __

Jan. 25, 1922___________________

Jan. 26, 1921. __________________

Mar. 8, 1920_. ____ ___________

Mar. 28, 1922___________________

Mar. 30, 1921________. __________

May 7, 1920-__________.________

June 2, 1921. __ ___________ ___

July 5, 1920_-______________.___

Aug. 25, 1920____-________._____

Oct. 18, 1920_________;_________

Dec. 8, 1920____________________

14 9

15.8

14. 4

.15.9

11.9

13. 7 (6)

7. 1

11. 2

11. 1

12.8

14 4

149

13. 1

20. 0

20. 6

17. 7

16. 1

15.9

17.8

1Q R

19. 4

19. 7

20.0

19. 6

18.9

Date

Jan. 15, 1920_---__-____ ________

Jan. 23, 1922___________________

Jan. 25, 1921_ _____ ______ _

Mar. 8, 1920_-____ ___ ___ _ Mar. 31, 1921-___-___-__ _ _-__

May 6, 1920— _-_ — _- — — _ —

June 1, 1921_ __ _ ___ _ _ .__

July 7, 1920 _ __________ _ __._

Aug. 24, 1920_______-_-_____-_-_

Oct. 19, 1920__-___-__-_--__-___

Dec. 7, 1920__-____---_---_-_--_

8e

Surface i

142 ! 

15.2 

13. 3 

15.8 

13. 1 

7.3 

12.2 

12. 3 

13.3

15.0 j

13. 2

ilinity

Bottom

145 

15. 4 

13.3 

15.8 

14 1 

13.8 

13.2 

17.3 

J3. 3 

15. 7 

15. 0

"148

Station 14 (bottom depth 37 meters) '

Jan. 15, 1920___.___ ______ ____

Jan. 23, 1922___, _______________

Jan. 25, 1921___________________

Mar. 8, 1920-.--_-____-___-_--_-

Mar. 27, 1922_-__________-_-__-

Mar. 30, 1921_.__-_______-_-__-_

May 6, 1920_____ _______________

June 1, 1921_____ __._____-._ _

July 6, 1920_____________ — — __

Aug. 24, 1920_— — _ — _-_ — — — _

Oct. 18, 1920___._ _ _ __ _ _____

Dec. 7, 1920___-_-___ — ________

147 

15.4 (1|5; 

14. 3 (16; 

15.9 i 

12.7 (12; 

142 (16; 

7.3 

12.2 (16; 

12.6 (16; 

13. 8 (93 15.8 (IB; 15.3 (ip;

13. 6

Station 15 (bottom depth 8 meters) ;

Jan. 15, 1920_ __._ _ __ _ ____

Jan. 24, 1922_._ _ ____ _.. _____

Jan. 26, 1921. --. _______ _ _

Mar. 8, 1920________-_-__-_--_-

Mar. 28, 1922__________________

May 6, 1920__-_____-_-___-___-

June 2, 1921__ ___ ______ ____

July 6, 1920_-----_-----_---_-_-

Aug. 25, 1920------------------

Oct. 19, 1920__ — - — _- — — _-

Dec. 8, 1920__ ____ ----- _____

15.0 

15. 1 i 

145 

16. 1 

12.7 

7.3 

12.5 

13.3 

13. 6 

15.2 

15.2

13.6

Station 16 (bottom depth 11 meters)

Jan. 15, 1920-_ ___ _ _________

Jan. 23, 1922 __ ________ ____

Jan. 24, 1921___ ___ .___ ___ _ Mar. 9, 1920-. -_____ — _____-_-

Mar. 27, 1922____ ______________

Mar. 31, 1921___--____. ___ _ ___

May 6, 1920_------___ — _ _ ____

June 1, 1921 _ __ ______ ____ __

July 7, 1920. _-___. ____ __ _ __

Aug. 24, 1920____----__-__---_-

Oct. 19, 1920-.._. _____________:

Dec. 7, 1920. _ _ - __ _____ _

13. 7 

13.9 

11.9 

11.2 

11.0 

13.3 

6. 8 

7. 5 

12.9 

12.3

lie

11.9

20. 3 

19.8 (16) 

15.7 (16) 

16. 4 

16.8 (15) 

15.3 (16) 

18. 1 

19.2 (16) 

20. 1 (16) 

19.6 (15) 

22.0 (16) 

19.5 (16)

19. 2

15. 1 

16. 1 

14.5 

16.2 

13.6 

9.4 

12. 8 

13. 2 

13.6 

16.6 

15.3

147

14 0 

. 143 

13. 2 

15. 7 

13. 2 

13. 2 

8.7 

12. 8 

15.7 

12. 4 

15.0 

147

13.5
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 115

TABLE 4.—Salinity of the water at stations in Chesapeake Bay—- TABLE 4.—Salinity of the water at stations in Chesapeake Bay—

Continued 

Station 17 (bottom depth 22 meters)

Continued 

Station 21 (bottom depth 44 meters)

Date

Jan. 15, 1920-_-___-_________-_-

Jan. 23, 1922______-__-________-

Jan. 24, 1921_._________________

Mar. 9, 1920-_______--____-____

Mar. 27, 1922__.__-_________.__

Mar. 31, 1921___.______________

May 6, 1920__.___-_.__________

June 1, 1921 _ _________ _____ _

July 7, 1920-______________.____

Aug. 24, 1920_-_----_-__-_____-

Oct. 19, 1920___________________

Dec. 7, 1920___-_--__. _________

Salinity

Surface

14.6 

14.6 

13.6 

12.1 

10.4 

13. 1 

7.2 

7.2 

11.4 

13.2 

15.0 

15.4

12.4

Bottom

15. 5 

14.2 

15.9 

15.3 

14.8 

13.0 

14.6 

17. 6 

14.3 

15.9 

15.4

15.2

Station 18 (bottom depth 12 meters)

Jan. 15, 1920_---_--__--__-___-

Jan. 23, 1922_ _ _______________

Jan. 25, 1921____.______________

Mar. 9, 1920_______________.___

Mar. 27, 1922____--_-__________

Mar. 31, 1921__________________

May 6, 1920__-__-_____________

June 1, 1921_ _____ __________

July 7, 1920_______ ___ ________

Aug. 24, 1920------_-_-_. __ __

Oct. 19, 1920___________--_--__-

Dec. 7, 1920________ _ __ _ __

Annual mean. _ ______ _ _

13.9

15.9

14.0

12.6

11.8

12.9

7.2

11.7

11. 5

13.6

15.6

13.0

148

15.8

14.0

15.9

13.4

14.6

9.6

14. 1

13.3

13.6

15.4

15. 6

14. 1

Station 19 (bottom depth 12.8 meters)

Jan. 14, 1920______ ___ _ ___ __

Jan. 23, 1922______ __ _________

Jan. 24, 1921____________ _ -____

Mar. 9, 1920____________________

Mar. 26, 1922___________________

Mar. 31, 1921__._______________

May 6, 1920.___________________

June 1, 1921 __ _____ ______

July 7, 1920____________________

Aug. 23, 1920___________________

Oct. 20, 1920_____________._____

Dec. 6, 1920____________ _ _____

Annual mean_______ _____

16.1 

18. 2 

14. 5 

14. 6 

11. 6 

15.1 

9.7 

9.1 

14.7 

14.4 

17.7 

16.9

14.5

19.4 

18.8 

17.2 

. 16. 6 

16.6 

16.5 

13.6 

13.8 

18.5 

19. 1 

19.3 

16.8

17.3

Station 20 (bottom depth 12 meters)

Jan. 23, 1922_____ _ _____ _ ___

Jan. 24, 1921___________________

Mar. 9, 1920.. ___ ___ __ _ Mar. 26, 1922. _ _

Apr. 1, 1921_______ _____ _ _ _

May 6, 1920_____________ __ _

June 1, 1921___ __ __ _ _

July 7, 1920-____-__.___________

Aug. 23, 1920________.__________

Oct. 20, 1920___._______________

Dec. 6, 1920________ _ _________

Annual mean __^.____ __ __

18. 1

15.5

14.2

15.7

15.2

11. 2

11.4

14.7

14. 7

15.1

17.0

14.8

19. 2

15.5

15.8

12.1

15.3

13. 1

14.7

14.8

17.6

17. 1

17.0

16. 0

Date

Jan. 14, 1920__. ______ _ _______

Jan. 23, 1922 _ ___ . ____ __

Jan. 24, 1921__ ___ ____ __ _

Mar. 9, 1920-____.______. ______

Mar. 26, 1922.______ _ _________

Apr. 1, 1921______ _ ___-_.__.__

May 6, 1920______-_____-______-

June 1, 1921__ ______ _ __ ___

July 7, 1920____________________

Aug. 23, 1920-____. _ _____„_--

Get. 20, 1920_____-._-_____ __ .

Dec. 6, 1920. _ _ ____ __

Antfual mean __________

Salinity

Surface

14.9 

16.0 

13. 1 

13.0 

11. 6 

14.3 

10. 0 

11.3 

14.6 

14. 0 

14.9 

16.6

13.8

Bottom

21.8 

18.3 

• 18.7 

17.5

16.8 

19.6

19.8 

21.9 

23.8 

21. 1

20.3

Station 22 (bottom depth 13 meters)

Jan. 13, 1920 _._ _ ___ _____

Jan. 22, 1922_____________-____-

Jan. 24, 1921. __________________

Mar. 9, 1920___ ______ _ ________

Mar. 26, 1922___________________

Apr. 1, 1921____________________

Mav 5, 1920_____-______-_______

May 31, 1921____,__ _ _________

Jxily 8, 1920_____ _ ____-_.____-

Aug. 23, 1920.. _ _ ____ __ .

Oct. 20, 1920____ __ ___ _____

Dec. 6, 1920. _ ___ _ ___

16.9 

22.3 

14.7 

16. 2 

14. 3 

16.5 

12.0 

13.3 

15. 6 

16.5 

16. 7 

18.3

16. 0

22.3 

17.0 

14.7 

17.4 

18. 2

15. 1 

21.6 

17.3 

18.9 

18.9

18.1

Station 23 (bottom depth 13 meters) ,

Jan. 13, 1920_.__ _ ____________

Jan. 22, 1922__ .___ _ _ - _ _

Jan. 24, 1921______ _ __.___._-_

Mar. 9, 1920— __._-____-____.-_

Mar. 26, 1922_____ ____ ________

Apr. 1, 1921_-_______-_-__-----_

May 5, 1920-_-_--_--__-_-------

May 31, 1921-_---_---__--------

JulyS, 1920_-___-_-__- _ ______

Aug. 23, 1920____ _ ____-_--____

Oct. 20, 1920_______. ___ ______

Dec. 6, 1920.-___-_ ____ __ ___

16.5 

18. 2 

17.7 

W.7 

15.4 

17.1 

12.0 

12. 6 

15.6 

18. 7 

17.9 

19.2

15. 1

23. 3 

23.0 

17.9 

17.9 

18.9 

17^4

13.9 

21. 6 

20. 5 

25.2 

19. 7

20. 6

Station 24 (bottom depth 15 meters)

Jan. 13, 1920___ _ ___.______--_

Jan. 22, 1922-_--__----___--_--_

Jan. 23, 1921__.___ ___ _ __

Mar. 10, 1920__________________-

Mar. 26, 1922_-_______-_-_--_-_

May 5, 1920--___-_-___-_-------

May 31, 1921__.___-___-_-___-__

July 8, 1920___ — — _ — — __ — __

Aug. 23, 1920________________-__

Oct. 20, 1920--_-__---____-__--_

Dec. 6, 1920_-__-_ ____ __ ___

Annual mean _____ _____

18.0 

21. 5 

16.2 

17. 5 (13) 

15.7 

14.7 

18.9 

16. 7 

18.9 

17.9 

20. 6

17.9

23.6 

24. 5 

21. 6 

19. 2 (13) 

19.4 

21.0 

25.0 

21.8 

25.0 

25. 1

22.9
116 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 4.—Salinity of the water at stations in Chesapeake Bay— 

Continued

Station 25 (bottom depth 8 meters)

Date

Jan. 13, 1920.________.__ _ ____

Jan. 22, 1922____ _______________

Jan. 23, 1921__-_-______.-______

Mar. 26, 1922___________________

Apr. 1, 1921_______.__________._

May 5, 1920___ __ ___ _ _____

May 31, 1921.__________________

JulyS, 1920_____-_-___.________

Aug. 23, 1920-___-_____-_-_-____

Oct. 20, 1920_.___ _ -___-___-_.

Dec. 6, 1920____ _____

Annual mean___ _ ______

Salinity

Surface

18.8 

20.6 

18.1 

17.6

17. 7 

18. 9 

17.7 

19.4 

17. 2 

21.0

18.4

Bottom

20. 1 

22.5 

18. 6 

18.0 

21.6 

18.3 

24.9 

17. 7 

21. 7 

21.0 

20.9

20.4

Station 26 (bottom depth 23 meters)

Station 27 (bottom depth 10 meters)

Station 28 (bottom depth 13 meters)

Jan. 13, 1920_ _________ _ _____

Mar. 11, 1920______. ____________

May 5, 1920-___--_-___-____-__

July 8, 1920--._______ _ _ _ .__

Annual mean___________ _

20.3

18. 2

15.5

17. 7

18.3

23.8

22. 5

24 9

22.0

23. 1

Jan. 12, 1920_____ __ .-______._

Jan. 22, 1922.-_-_. _____ _____

Jan. 23, 1921__----_____________

Mar. 11, 1920_-__-_______-_.___

Mar. 26, 1922________________-_

Apr. 2, 1921__-_-_ _ _.__ _ ____

May 5, 1920____________-_______

May 31, 1921__ _ _______ _ ____

JulyS, 1920_, __________________

Aug. 23, 1920.. _. _ _ __ __._

Oct. 20, 1920 _ ____ ___ ____ _

Dec. 5, 1920._______-_____---__.

19.7

20. 1

18. 7

18.5

17.8

21. 1

140

16. 1

17.3

19. 5

17.3

21. 5

18.4

21.9

20.5

23.4

19.0

18.8

21.2

16.3

17. 1

22. 1

24 2

245

21. 5

21.3

Jan. 12, 1920___._. _____________

Jan. 22, 1922___._ __ __________

Jan. 23, 1921- _ _______________

Mar. 11, 1920_____-_._____ _ __

Mar. 26, 1922______i.-_. ___ __

Apr. 2, 1921.______.__ ___ _____

May 5, 1920____ __ ____________

May 31, 1921_ __ _ __ _ _ __

JulyS, 1920_______-_____-___.__

Aug. 22, 1920-_-_______ _________

Oct. 20, 1920_____________._____

Dec. 5, 1920.__-_-______________

19.3

19. 7

19.0

18.4

17.4

22.3

145

19.4

19.3

17. 1

22. 2

18. 7

22.6

240

246

19. 6

23. 7

"23.0

20. 7

17. 7

22.5

21.0

26. 4

22.0

22.4

Station 29 (bottom depth 28 meters)

Jan. 12, 1920_ __ _ _ _ __ __

Jan. 22, 1922. ______ _ ____ __

Jan. 23, 1921. __ .-_.__________

Mar. 11, 1920._. _ _ __ _______

Mar. 26, 1922__________________

Apr. 2, 1921____ __ ____________

May 5, 1920.____ ____ _________

May 31, 1921-_-_._ _ __________

JulyS, 1920-__________-________

Aug. 22, 1920..____ _ _ __ _____

Oct. 21, 1920_._____ _____ ____

Dec. 5, 1920-_.___ _ ___ _ _____

Annual mean_ ___________

20. 3

21. 1

18. 2

18.5

16. 7

22. 7

16. 1

18.9

19. 2

19.0

22.4

19. 3

243

28.5

245

20.3

22.3

23.4

19.2

27.0

23. 1

24. 3

23.9

22. 5

23.9

TABLE 4. — Salinity of the watertat stations in\Che 

Continued

Station 30 (bottom depth 42 meters)

Date

Jan. 11, 1930. ___ ____ _ _ _

Jan. 22, 1922______-______-_____

Jan. 23, 1921___ ___ _ _ _______

Mar. 11, 1920___.______________

Mar. 25, 1922--_-___._.________

Apr. 2, 1921_----_--___.____.___

May 5, 1920_-_.________________

May31, 1921___________,_____

JulyS, 1920_--_.-___ _ ________

Aug. 22, 1920___________________

Oct. 21, 1920__-________________

Dec. 5, 1920. __ __________ _

Annual mean. _ ____ _____

sapeake Bay —

Salinity

————————————————————— 

Surface;

23.3 

240 

18.4 

18. 7 i 

19.3 

21.6 

20.9 

20.2 

21.7 

22.4 

22.0 ! 

22.8

21.5 ,

Bottom

29. 3 

25.9 

25. 4 

22. 9 

' 25.4 

28. 3 

246 

26. 9 

25.2 

28. 5 

27. 1 

24.0

26:2

Station 32 (bottom depth 28 meters)

Jan. 10, 1920____. ______________

Jan. 21, 1922__. _ _____________

Jan. 22, 1921___________________

Mar. 12, 1920___________________

Mar. 25, 1922__.________________

Apr. 2, 1921____________________

May 1, 1920__ _ _______________

May 31, 1921____________.______

Dec. 4, 1920____________________

Annual mean_ _ _____ _____

21.3 <

20. 2 : 17.8 ! 

17.7 

18.4 i 

26.3 

16.3 ; 

18. 7 

148

17. 7

23.8 

23.8 

21.2 

28. 8 

27.2 

31.2 . 

25.8 

27. 6

25. 8

Station 34 (bottom depth 18 meters)

Jan. 11, 1920___________________

Jan. 21, 1922___________________

Jan. 22, 1921 _ _ _ ____ _____

Mar. 12, 1920___________________

Mar. 25, 1922.____ _ ___________

Apr. 2, 1921_______________ __ _

May 1, 1920.___________________

May 30, 1921._____-________.___

July 9, 1920____________________

Aug. 22, 1920___________________

Oct. 21, 1920___________________

Dec. 5, 1920_-_._. ______________

Annual mean ____ _ ___ _

29.4 

28.9 

28.6 

245 

242 

29. 1 

20.0 

30.4 

29.8 

28.9 

20.2 

28. 8

26.6

Station 35 (bottom depth 15 meters)

Jan. 11, 1920___________________

Jan. 21, 1922_____-_____________

Jan. 22, 1921___ _ _ ____ _____

Mar. 12, 1920__________________

Mar. 25, 1922... _______ _____

May 1, 1920____________ __ ____

May 30, 1921___________________

July 9, 1920_. _____ _____ _

Aug. 22, 1920-.. _. ____ ________

Oct. 21, 1920________ _ ________

Dec. 4, 1920_.____ _ ____ ____ _

25. 6 

29.0 

21. 6 ! 

21. 7 

19.4 

25.4 

24.1 

21.3 

23.2 

21.3 

25.3

23. 1

Station 36 (bottom depth 24 meters)

Jan. 11, 1920__-________ _ _____

Jan. 21, 1922__. _________ _ ____

Jan. 22, 1921_--_-_-________ — __

Mar. 12, 1920__--______________-

Mar. 25, 1922___ _ ____ ____ ___

Apr. 2, 1921 _ __________ ___ __

May 1, 1920_________ _ ________

May 30, 1921._____ ___ __ _ __

July 9, 1920____________________

Aug. 22, 1920_______ _ _________

Oct. 21, 1920___________________

Dec. 4, 1920____________________

Annual mean. __ ________

28. 2 

23.9 

19.2 

20.6 

18. "4 

27. 7 

19.3 

22.0 

20.5 

22. 7 

20.3 

25.2

22.0

30.9 

31.3 

30.0 

29.8 

25. 1 

29.0 

22.6 

30.4 

25.4 

30. 6 

30.4

29.3

30.9 

24. 2 

27.4 

30.3 

30.6 

28.6 

28.8 

28. 1 

31. 1 

29.3 

27.8

29. 1

31. 1 

29.3 

28.8 

30.7 

31. 1 

31.3 

25. 8 

30. 1 

30.4 

31. 7 

31.0 

31. 0

31.3
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 117

The mean annual salinities at the surface and at 

the bottom for certain stations are also shown in 

Figure 14, together with the depth and the distance 

from the mouth of the bay. It is obvious from this 

diagram that the salinity increases more or less regularly in passing down the bay, that it is greater at 

depth than at the surface, and that the difference between the surface and bottom salinities tends to be 

greater at the stations where the water is deeper and 

less at those where it is shallow.

The mean annual salinities at the surface and bottom 

at all the stations are shown in their approximate locations on a map of the bay in Plate 13. Table 5 gives

primarily by its density, and this in turn by either its 

salinity or its temperature. In the water of Chesapeake Bay the salinity is by far the more influential 

variable, although in a few places listed in Table 5 

the position of the water appears to be determined 

in part by its temperature—that is, in water of approximately the same salinity the colder water is found to 

lie deeper because of ,its greater density. Several 

of the samples appear to indicate unstable conditions, 

but these are relatively rare or within the limits of 

experimental errors.

The densities might have been plotted exactly as 

the salinities were, and the relations shown would be

Nautte 

miles 

140

Sandy Paint Light 130

120 

Poplar Island

no 

Sharps Island Light 

100

Cove Point Light 90

80 

Point No Point

Point Lookout Light 70 

Smith Point Light M

50

Windmill Point 

Stingray Point Light *°

Wolf Trap Light 30

Cherrystone Light 

York Spit Light zo

10

f*««kA UAHM* 1 I*rh* Q

I DEPTH AT BOTTOM IN METERS

50 40 30 20 10 0

•

I I 1 J

\

1

MM

N

sV

I

/

\

i\

^ \

^

\

1 1 1 1

\

*

/«*

9-

L ^

V<*•>* rf

H\

i i I i

p

^Hr

L^1

^o

i i i i

-

\

i i i i

\,

1 1 1 1

—m

••

-MMI

M

••J

fiSBS

•M

•••••

—————

•MM

MMBI

MMH

mmas

MMM

1

4 

7

9 

II

*i

17 J- 

<

1- 

19 </> 

21

22

24

26 

30

35

"'6"v o 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 

SALINITY IN PARTS PER THOUSAND

FIGUEE 14.—Mean annual salinity and depth at certain stations in Chesapeake Bay

the complete record of all the salinity determinations. 

The bottom depth was not recorded in all the observations; the largest figure given under "Depth" for a 

set of observations at the same date and time, if an 

uneven figure (as 9.1, 25.32), indicates bottom depth.

DENSITY OF THE WATER

In Table 5 is also given the density of each sample 

of water for its temperature at the time of collection. 

It is well known that the relative position of any considerable portion of a mass of water is determined 

100753°—29——3

essentially similar, but the salinities were chosen 

because of their greater weight in determining the 

density and as being of more general interest. The 

relations are quantitatively different from those in sea 

water, as the variations in salinity in water of the open 

sea are not nearly as great as those observed in Chesapeake* Bay. The temperature accordingly assumes 

greater significance in determining currents of sea 

water. Moreover, the differences in temperature between surface and bottom sea water are, on account 

of the greater depths involved, considerably greater 

than those observed in Chesapeake Bay.
118 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

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FIGURE 15.—Salinity at station 14, Chesapeaka Bay, for 24-hour periods on July 6 and 7 and December 7 and 8,1920, at surface and at depths flf 10 meters,

20 meters, and bottom

^
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 119

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay

Station 1 (bottom blue-gray mud)

Date and time of collection

1920 

Mar. 6, 10.15 a. m___ ______

11.45 a. m_______-_

1.15 p. m_____-_,._

2.45 p. m _ _____

4.15 p. m ___ _.

5.45 p. m_________

7.15 p. m __ _ .

8.45 p. m._____-

10.15 p. m _________

11.45 p. m__ ______

Mar. 7, 1.15 a. m _ _____

May 8, 6.30 a. m _ _____

July 3, 2.20 p. n___ _ ___

3.50 p. m__ _ __ .

5.28 p. m ___ ___

6.58 p. m.__-____.

8.28 p. m_ _ _ .

9.58 p. m _ __ ___

11.28 p. m _________

Tide, etc.

Beginning to ebb___.________ __ _ _____

^ebb __ _____________________________

M ebb __ __ ---__ _ __ _ ___

Slack- ________ _ ____ _ __ ___

Slack__ ________________________________

^flood___ —— _ — ___ ___________ —— _

M flood ___ ___ ______ __ ___ _

Beginning ebb _ _ ________ ______ ____

Hebb_--___-_ — — ——— — — — — —

Mebb-_-_____-___-_-_----_-__---------

Flood ___ _ __ __ ____ _________

M ebb__-._- ____ _ __-_-_-_-_-___-_

^ ebb_ ________________________________

Full ebb ___ ____ __________________

Beginning flood. ____ _____ __________ __

H flood ___ ____ _ __ _______ _

^ flood _ _ ——————————— ________

ZA flrifwl

Depth

(meters)

0 

6. 1 

9.1 

0 

3.05 

6.1 

9.1 

0 

3.05 

6. 1 

9.1 

0 

3.05 

6. 1 

9. 1 

0 

3.05 

6. 1 

9. 1 

0 

3.05 

6.1 

9. 1 

0 

3.05 

6. 1 

9. 1 

0 

3.05 

6. 1 

9. 1 

0 

3.05 

6. 1 

9. 1 

0 

3.05 

6. 1 

9. 1 

6. 1 

9. 1 

0 

11.37 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12. 5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12. 5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5

Temperature (° C.)

Air Sample

0.0 

-1.3 

-1.3 

.0

_ o

2.8 

.7 

.4 

.0 

2.0 

2.8 

.2 

.0

_ g

1.7 

.0 

2.7 

2.8 

3.7 

2.2 

.7 

.0 

.2 

.2 -.6 

.2 

.6 

.0 

-.3 

1.7 -.3 

-.3 

-.6 

-.3 

1. 7 

.6 

-. 3

-.3 

-1.3 

1.7 

12. 8 

12.6

242 

20.5 

21.0 

249 

246 

246 

246 

248 

249 

246 

249 

249 

249 

24.1 

24 4 

246 

24.6 

24. 1 

23.9 

24. 1 

242 

23.9 

24. 1 

24 1 

23.9 

23.9 

23.9

. Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

10.46 

10.91 

11.29 

10.35 

10.32 

11.73 

10.86 

10. 05 

10. 11 

10. 17 

10.71 

9. 51 

9.76 

9. 41 

10. 52 

10. 45 

10.42 

10. 44 

11. 87 

10.91 10. 96' 

10.91 

10.88 

10. 05 

10.07 

10.46 

11.01 

9.72 

9.96 

11.33 

1423 

9. 79 

10. 00 

9.71 

15. 70 

10. 58 

10.68 

10.66 

12. 54 

10.92 

10. 72 

2.26 

6.54 

6.97 

7.15 

11. 79 

11. 10 

6.20 

8.60 

12.78 

11. 54 

5.93 

8.64 

9.52 

13. 12 

6.32 

8.75 

13.48 

13.52 

6.36 

10.20 

13.03 

13.35 

6. 72 

9.54 

11.80 

12.83 

6.>80 

8.49 

12.24 

13.31

Density

1.00839 

1. 00870 

1. 00830 

1.00830 

1. 00826 

1.00942 

1. 00872 

1. 00804 

1. 00810 

1. 00818 

1. 00858 

1. 00761 

1. 00782 

1.00750 

1. 00843 

1.00837 

1.'00834 

1. 00838 

1.00949 

1. 00876 

1. 00878 

1. 00875 

1. 00872 

1. 00805 

1. 00807 

1.00839 

1. 00882 

1. 00779 

1. 00797 

1. 00909 

1. 01412 

1. 00783 

1. 00801 

1. 00778 

1. 01261 

1. 00847 

1. 00855 

1. 00855 

1. 01005 

1. 00875 

1. 00859 

1. 00122 

1.00437 

1.00538 

1. 00302 

l 1. 00710 

1. 00547 

1.00262 

1. 00369 

1.00681 

1.00590 

1.00163 

1. 00365 

1.00424 

1.00699 

1. 00189 

1. 00371 

1.00746 

1. 00743 

1. 00201 

1.00487 

1. 00712 

1. 01048 

1.. 00238 

1. 00449 

1.00626 

1.00697 

1. 00245 

1. 00378 

1. 00660 

1. 00740
120 SHOKTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5>—-Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake-Bay—Continued

Station 1—Continued

Date and time of collection

1920 — Continued 

July 4, 12.58 a. m._ __ _

2.28 a. m _ ___ _

3.58 a. m _____ .

5.28 a. m__ _______

6.58 a. m ________

8.28 a. m _________

9.58 a.m _________

11.28 a. m _________

12.58 p. m _________

Aug. 26, 12m. _____ ____

1.30 p. m_ _ _____

3 p. m.____ __ ___

4.30 p. m.__ _____

6 p. m __ ___ __

7.30 p. m._ ______

9 p. m_. __ _ _ .

10.30 p. m__ — _____

12 p. m_____ _ ___

Aug. 27, 1.30 a. m _ __ _.

3 a. m __ ___ ___.

4.30 a. m _________

Tide, etc.

Full flood.. _ ___ _________________

^ebb_ _ _____-.___.___.._._.._.____.-

Full ebb_l___ __________________________

Beginning flood. _________________________

H flood ____________ . ____________

^ flood ___________________ ___

M flood

FuU flood _____________ _ _ _ ___

-

-

Depth

(meters)

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

10 

12.5 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom.

Temperature (° C.)

Air Sample

23.9 

23.6 

23.6 

23. 9 

23.6 

23.9 

23.6 

23.6 

23.9 

23.6 

23.6 

22. 9 

23.6 

23.9 

23. 4 

23.6 

23. 9 

23.6 

23.6 

23.9 

23. 6 

23.9 

23.4 

23.6 

23.9 

23.6 

23. 4 

23.6 

24.6 

23. 6 

23. 6 

23.9 

23.6 

23.9 

23.9 

23.9 

23.5 

24.4 

24.2 

24.0 

24.4 

24.4 

24.0 

24. 1 

24.2 

23.9 

24.0 

24.2 

23.7 

24.8 

24.2 

23.6 

24.2 

24.2 

23.4 

24.1 

24.2 

23.8 

23.4 

24.4 

23.5 

23.5 

24. 2 

23. 4 

24.2 

24.2 

23.4 

23. 1 

24.2 

24.3 

24.0 

24.2

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

6.90 

7.32 

11.05 

13. 02 

7. 14 

9.05 

10.87 

12. 14 

6. 91 

6. 98 

11.08 

12.44 

6.76 

7. 18 

9. 64 

12.60 

6. 74 

7.66 

11. 15 

12. 79 

7.20 

7. 55 

11.41 

12.46 

7.45 

8. 82 

11.65 

12.33 

7.47 

11.40 

12.09 

12.40 

7.47 

9.06 

10.87

4.75 

14.21 

15.21 

4.91 

15.21 

14.69 

5.75 

11.93 

16. 11 

5.86 

12.24 

15.70 

6.05 

10. 77 

16.03 

6. 12 

11.86 

16.20 

5.69 

13.09 

15.41 

5.68 

13.86 

14.79 

6. 14 

13.79 

15.80 

6.05 

14.38 

16.02 

6. 15 

11. 70 

16. 11 

6.51 

11. 78 

15.94

Density

1. 00252 

1. 00289 

1. 00569 

1.00691 

1. 00283 

1.00420 

1. 00567 

1. 00660 

1.00208 

1. 00273 

1. 00580 

1. 00699 

1. 00256 

1. 00287 

1.00487 

1. 00721 

1.00246 

1. 00323 

1. 00585 

1. 00701 

1. 00289 

1. 00308 

1.00611 

1.00682 

1.00294 

1. 00485 

1. 00629 

1.00674 

1. 00293 

1. 00613 

1.00656 

1. 00672 

1.00309 

1.00406 

1.00556

1. 00107 

1. 00782 

1. 00873 

1.00117 

1. 00867 

1. 00829 

1. 00170 

1.00630 

1.00940 

1. 00187 

1. 00756 

1.00912 

1. 00199 

1. 00526 

1. 00936 

1. 00207 

1.00623 

1. 00948 

1.00180 

1. 00716 

1. 00888 

1. 00169 

1. 00794 

1.00838 

1. 00216 

1.00790 

1. 00917 

1. 00207 

1. 00811 

1. 00935 

1. 00214 

1. 00638 

1. 00971 

1. 00219 

1. 00622 

1. 00928
SALINITY OF WATEB OF CHESAPEAKE BAY

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at J+l stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 1—Continued

121

Date and time of collection

1920 — Continued 

Augv 27, 6 a. m _ ___ __._

7.30 a. m __ __ _

9 a. m __ . ______

10.30 a. m__ _ _

Oct. 15, 8.20 p.m. _________

9.50 p. m_ __ _ _

11.20 p. m___ _ ___

Oct. 16, 12.50 a. m _____

2.20 a. m__ ___ __

3.50 a. m__ _ _____

5.20 a. m _ ______

6.50 a. in __________

8.20 a. m _ _ __

9.50 a. m __ _______

11.20 a. m__ ______

12.50 p. m__ ______

2.20 p. m___ ______

3.50 p. m__ __ _

5.20 p. m __________

6.50 p. m _ _______

Dec. 10, 7.30 a. m ___ __

10.30 a. m __ __ _

12m ________ .

Tide, etc.

\

Fuilflood__ ___ ____ 1 _________

H ebb. _______________________________

YZ ebb. _-__--_____---_________________.

M ebb__ _ __

Depth

(meters)

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom.

Temperature (° C.)

Air

*

Sample

23. 1 

24.0 

24.2 

24.8 

24.9 

24. 2 

23.2 

24,0 

24,2 

23.6 

24, 1 

24.3 

19.8 

20.0 

19.9 

19.6 

19.3 

20. 1 

19. 5 

19. S 

20.2 

18.7 

19.2 

20.0 

19.7 

19.4 

20. 1 

19.4 

19.6 

20. 1 

19.3 

19.0 

19.9 

19.5 

19.9 

20.4 

18.9 

19.2 

23.9 

19.5 

19.6 

20.4 

19.8 

19.7 

20.3 

20. 1 

19.6 

20.2 

20. 1 

19.5 

20.0 

19.9 

19.7 

20.2 

20.3 

19.8 

20. 1 

20.3 

19.7 

20.5 

7.0 

8.8 

9.9 

6.4 

8.6 

9.9 

. 5.6 

8.1 

10. 4 

5.4 

8.7 

10.2

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

7.04 

" 10.74 

15.69 

7.22 

9.37 

14.11 

6.48 

11.80 

14 90 

5.62 

12.86 

15.72 

9.25 

12.48 

13.51 

9.81 

11.62 

13.97 

8.43 

12. 55 

13.96 

8.07 

10.77 

14.01 

9.23 

9.67 

13.85 

8.75 

12.84 

14.05 

9.72 

10.18 

13.26 

11.10 

13.43 

14,24 

10.00 

10.77 

15.14 

10.07 

12.42 

15.03 

8.88 

11.27 

14.24 

9.66 

10.39 

14.59 

9.49 

11.80 

14.78 

9.60 

12.38 

14.10 

8.69 

11.89 

14.05 

9. 12 

10.86 

15.05 

9. 13 

13.85 

17.23 

6.92 

13.06 

16.30 

4.65 

12.50 

16.98 

3.84 

12.21 

16.98

Density

1.00290 

1. 00544 

1. 00910 

1. 00259 

1. 00417 

1. 00792 

1. 00245 

1. 00623 

1. 00851 

1. 00170 

1.00700 

1.00909 

1. 00534 

1. 00774 

1. 00855 

1.00580 

1. 00724 

1. 00884 

1. 00478 

1. 00785 

1. 00881 

1. 00468 

1.00662 

1. 00889 

1. 00533 

1. 00576 

1. 00875 

1.00503 

1.00808 

1.00890 

1. 00579 

1. 00621 

1. 00835 

1. 00680 

1. 00847 

1.00896 

1.00604 

1. 00662 

1. 00877 

1. 00610 

1. 00777 

1. 00957 

1.00505 

1.00688 

1. 00899 

1. 00557 

1. 00614 

1. 00928 

1. 00545 

1. 00732 

1. 00947 

1. 00558 

1. 00772 

1. 00891 

1.00480 

1. 00734 

1.00890 

1. 00513 

1. 00658 

1.00956 

1. 00716 

1. 01070 

1. 01320 

1. 00529 

1. 01010 

1. 01249 

1. 00299 

1. 00971 

1. 01293 

1.00299 

1. 00943 

1. 01298
122 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 4-1 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 1—Continued

Date and time of collection

1920 — Continued 

Dec. 10, 1.30 p. m.__ _ _ __

3 p. m_ _ ___ _•___

4.30 p. m__ _ __._

6 p. m_ _--_______

7.30 p. m___ __ __

9 p. m__________ _

10.30 p. m._ ____ _

12 p. m___ _ _____

Dec. 11, 1.30 a. m__. __ _

3 a. m__ _____ __

4.30 a. m__. _ __ _

6 a. m.____ _ ____

1921 

Jan. 27, 2.35 p. m __ _

4.05 p. m._._ ___.

5.35 p. m______ ___

7.05 p. m____ _ ._

8.35 p. m_ _ __. _

10.05 p. m_ ___ ___

11.35 p. m__ _ ___

Jan. 28, 1.05 a. m_____ ____

2.35 a. m _ _J_ ___

4.05 a. m__________

6.35 a. m _ _ _ _

Tide, etc.

Slack. _________________________________

^flood___. ________ ___ _______________

M flood. _ _ ____ _ _ _ ____ _____

H flood......... _.____.__._____-.___.__

Full flood... _______ _____________________

^ebb_ _________________________________

14 ebb. ________________________________

Slack.. _ _______ _ __ ___ __ _

^ flood ___ _ ______ . _ _____ _ _

% flood__ _____ _ _ _ ___ __' __ _

% ebb; wind _ ___ ___________ ____ __ _

NE., force 1_ .__ ___ ___ ___________

Mebb___-__-________________________._

Slaek__________________________________

^flood__ _ ____ _____ _ __ _____ __

^t flood ____ ______________ __ !_____.

Fullflood.. __ _ _ _ __ ______

Beginning flood. ___ ______ _____________

Yz ebb. ________________________________

*A ebb. ________________________________

Slack. ______ __ ______ __ ____ __ _____

Depth 

(meters)

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom.

0 

5 

11.89 

0 

5 

11.89 

0 

5 

11.89 

0 

5 

11.89 

0 

5 

11. 89 

0 

5 

11.89 

0 

5 

11.89 

0 

5 

11.89 

0 

5 

11.89 

0 

5 

11.89 

0 

5 

11.89

Temperature (° C.)

Air

6.6

Sample

6.0 

8.5 

8.3 

5.7 

7.3 

JO. 0 

5.4 

8.4 

10. 1 

5.8 

8.9 

10.3 

5.8 

8. 1 

10.0 

5.9 

7.8 

8.7 

5.9 

7.3 

9.2 

5.8 

5.9 

9.0 

. 5.4 

5.3 

8.4 

5.4 

5.4 

8.7 

5.4 

8.2 

8.8 

5.4 

6.3 

9.2

1.0 

.5 

3.7 

1.3 

1. 7 

1.8 

1.3 

1.7 

1.8 

.9 

3.6 

3.7 

.8 

1.9 

3.7 

.6 

1.3 

3.7 

.8 

1.2 

3.3 

.4 

3.2 

3.7 

.3 

1.5 

3. 5 

3. 1 

3.9 

3.5 

.3 

1.6 

.9

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

4.94 

13.48 

11.76 

4.09 

10.50 

16.26 

3.77 

13.95 

16.93 

4. 59 

14.27 

17.38 

6. 16 

12.67 

16.40 

5.21 

12.24 

13.85 

5.93 

8.42 

15.42 

5.70 

6.02 

14.02 

4. 30 

4.38 

13. 11 

4.35 

4.45 

13. 25 

3.85 

13. 17 

13.52 

3.90 

4. 74 

14.80

7.08 

7.24

6.44 

7.51 

14. 17 

6.91 

9.90 

14. 10 

7.22 

12.05 

14.20 

8.49 

11.02 

14.23 

8.27 

11.29 

14.01 

8. 53

7.64 

13. 63 

13.97 

6.92 

6.91 

13.80 

6.23 

13. 13 

13.95 

5.99 

8.54 

8.70

Density

1. 00392 

1. 01043 

1.. 00912 

1. 00320 

1. 00822 

1. 01243 

1. 00293 

1. 01080 

1. 01294 

1. 00358 

1.01102 

1. 01325 

1. 00491 

1. 00984 

1. 01254 

1. 00414 

1. 00955 

1. 01069 

1. 00472 

1. 00659 

1. 01187 

1. 00452 

1. 00478 

1. 01180 

1. 00335 

1. 00344 

1. 01016 

1. 00343 

1. 00350 

1. 01020 

1.00300 

1. 01022 

1. 01044 

1. 00305 

1. 00370 

1. 01139

1. 00569 

1. 00580

1. 00516 

1. 00603 

1. 01134 

1. 00553 

1. 00554 

1. 01132 

1. 00579 

1.00967 

1.01134 

1. 00681 

1.00886 

1. 01137 

1.00663 

1.00907 

1. 01125 

1.00684

1. 00610 

1. 01092 

1.01113 

1. 00552 

1. 00554 

1. 01104 

1. 00502 

1. 01054 

1.01117 

1. 00478 

1. 00684 

1.00700
TABLE 5.-

SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY

and density of water at different depths at 1^1 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued 

Station 1—Continued

123

Date and time of collection

1921 — Continued 

Mar. 26, 7.30 p. m._________

9 p. m____ .__ ___

10.30 p. m. _. _____

12 p. m _ _... .__

Mar. 27, 1.30 a. m. _ __._

3 a. m_____ ____

4.30 a. m _ __ ___

6 a. m__._ __ ____

7.30 a. m__________

9 a. m _ ____ _ ___

10.30 a. m.___. ___

12 m _

1.30 p. m. _______

3 p. m. ---__--____

4.30 p. m___ ____ _

6 p. m _ __________

June 3, 5.07 p. m_ ______

7.30 p. m _ ____ __

8.50 p. m __ 1 _

10.30 p. m--._ __

11.50 p. m _ _ _

June 4, 1.20 a. m_ ___ __ _

3.50 a. m_ .._ ___

4.20 a. m.________

5.50 a. m__________

7.20 a. m__. __ ___

8.50 a. m___.__- __

10.20 a. m-.___ _ _

11.50 a. m._ _ _ __

Tide, etc.

Mflood_______.______. _________________

Flood ____ _ _____ _ ___ ____ _

^ebb-___-_____-_________________-____

^ebb__________-_____________-______._

Slack. _________________________________

Beginning flood. __ ____ ____________ _

J^flood____ _________________ _ _______

^flood_________-____. _________________

Full flood_____ ____ __ ___ ________ ._

V* ebb- __--__--____-____-__-___.___-__-

%ebb_ ________________________________

Slack _ ___ ______ __ __ _ ___ ______ _

Beginning flood_ __________ _________ __

Yz flood ___ __ ______ _ _ ___ ___ _

$i flood. __ ..__ _____ _ __ __ ______

-

Depth 

(meters)

0 

5 

7 

0 

5 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

7 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98

Temperature (° C.)

Air

23.8

Sample

10.2 

9.7 

9.4 

10.8 

9.3

10.0 

9.3 

10.8 

9. 3 

12.0 

9.4 

10.9 

11.0 

10.7 

9.8 

11.0 

9.4 

11. 1 

10.4 

11.7 

9.3 

12.1 

9.4 

11.9 

9. 1 

13.7 

9.9 

12.2 

9.9 

12.7 

10. 4 

13.3 

10. 5 

21.0 

18.0 

15.7 

21.0 

16.5 

15.7 

21. 1 

19. 7 

16.3 

20.7 

20.7 

16.6 

20.6 

20.6 

16.6 

20.5 

18.8 

16.0 

20.2 

19. 5 

15.7 

20.4 

18.0 

15.5 

20.5 

19.7 

15.9 

20.6 

19.6 

15.9 

20.6 

19.3 

18.4 

21.1 

20.4 

20. 1 

21.1, 

21.0 

19. 3

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

2.45 

7.06

7. 18 

4.02

6.46 

5.39 

7.69 

3. 71 

7.49 

3. 10 

8. 23 

3.62 

6. 49 

5. 43 

7. 22 

3.70 

8.02 

3. 10 

6. 52 

3.36 

7.84 

3.60 

8.35 

3.63 

9.76 

3.71 

7. 75 

3.35 

7.56 

3.61 

5.92

6. 13 

11.91 

15.80 

6.06 

14.30 

15.78 

5.68 

8.09 

14.46 

5.45 

5.53 

14.97 

5.72 

6.04 

13.95 

5.55 

7.01 

.9-. 87 

6. 14 

9.87 

15.92 

7. 15 

11.91 

16.00 

6.57 

9.74 

14.31 

6. 42 

9.32 

15.07 

6.56 

8.05 

10.74 

6.42 

7.44 

12.37 

5.57 

9. 15 

ft. fifi

Density

1. 00167 

1. 00530 

1. 00542 

1. 00283

1. 00398 

1. 00584 

1. 00259 

1. 00568 

1. 00197 

1. 00627 

1. 00257 

1. 00473 

1. 00394 

1. 00542 

1. 00255 

1.00607 

1. 00208 

1. 00481 

1.00221 

1. 00596 

1. 00236 

1. 00633 

1. 00251 

1. 00748 

1. 00222 

1. 00582 

1. 00214 

1. 00567 

1. 00227 

1.00436

1. 00270 

1. 00773 

1.01116 

1. 00265 

1. 00985 

1. 01114 

1. 00235 

1.00509 

1. 01003 

1.00226 

1. 00234 

1. 01033 

1.00240 

1. 00272 

1.00956 

1. 00238 

1. 00385 

1.00657 

1. 00291 

1. 00567 

1. 01122 

1. 00363 

1. 00773 

1. 01137 

1. 00316 

1. 00573 

1. 00998 

1. 00302 

1. 00543 

1. 01057 

1. 00319 

1.00455 

1.00676 

1. 00391 

1. 00384 

1. 00762 

1. 00226 

1. 00498 

i nirns
124 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 1—Continued

Date and time of collection

1921 — Continued 

June 4, 1.20 p. m._. ._ ___

2.50 p. m _ __ ..__

4.20 p. m _ __ . _

1922 

Mar. 29, 7 p. m__.__ _ _ _ _

8.30 p. m____ _ ___

10 p. m. --_-____-_.

11.30 p. m. _ _

Mar. 30, 1 a. m._ _ __

2.30 a. m__ _ _ _

4 a. m _ ____ __.

5.30 a. m. __ _ _

7 a. in _ ..__ _ _

8.30 a. m. __ ___

10 a. m__ ._ _ ___

11.30 a. m____ _ _

1 p. m___ _ _____

2.30 p. m__ _ - __

4 p. m__ _ _ _____

Tide, etc.

% flood; sea moderate; wind N., force 2; 

hazy.

Depth 

(meters)

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98 

0 

5 

10.98

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11 

0 

5 

11

Temperature (° C.)

Air

10.00

Sample

21.3 

20.7 

19.9 

21.3 

20.9 

19.5 

21.5 

20.3 

19.3

8.6 

6.3 

4.8 

9.0 

6.4 

5.0 

8.3 

6.4 

4.8 

8.0 

6.0 

4.9

4.7 

8.2 

8.0 

4.9 

8.2 

8.0 

4.8 

8.0 

8.0 

5.4 

8. 1 

7.5 

5,4 

7.8 

7.7, 

5.0 

8.0 

7.0 

4.6 

7.9 

7.4 

4. 5 

7.7 

6.8 

4.6 

7.9 

7.4 

5.0 

7.8 

7.8 

4.8

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

6.35 

8.46 

6.24 

6.36 

8.54 

7. 29 

7.37 

7.83

477 

7. 75 

3.80 

5.22 

8. 22 

10. 33 

4.86 

8.02 

11. 18 

4.50 

9. 58 

11.70 

8.89 

6.06 

11.75 

3.94 

4.66 

10. 69 

11.50 

4.09 

3.80 

4. 30 

4.42 

11.69 

4.44 

11. 18 

4.85 

4. 89 

5.71 

12.45 

5.20 

6.73 

8.03 

5.69 

7.68 

14. 20 

5. 18 

9. 13 

14. 13 

4.71 

7.04 

12.48 

4.67 

5.20 

13.90

Density

1. 00295 

1. 00471 

1. 00271 

1. 00301 

1. 00487 

1. 00345 

1. 00379 

1. 00436

1. 00362 

1. 00613 

1. 00306 

1. 00389 

1.00650 

1. 00825 

1. 00369 

1. 00638 

1. 00887 

1. 00345 

1. 00758 

1. 00933

1. 00936 

1.00300 

1. 00368 

1. 00852 

1. 00892 

1. 00314 

1.00306 

1.00330 

1. 00356 

1.00929 

1. 00340 

1.00864 

1. 00386 

1. 00377 

1.00442 

1. 00991 

1. 00401 

1. 00528 

1.00641 

1. 00441 

1.00600 

1.01132 

1.00402 

1. 00717 

1.01125 

1.00360 

1. 00647 

1. 00994 

1. 00361 

1.00402 

1.01107

1920 

Mar. 6, 9.50 a. m _ __ ____

/

Station 2

Fullflood. _ _ _ __ _ ___ __ _ 0

5

10

13.7

3.9

.0

_ 3

_ g

11.63

11.55

12. 65

15. 13

1. 00932

1. 00926

1. 01014

1. 01214
SALINITY OF WATEE OP CHESAPEAKE BAY , 125

TABLE 5.- density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 3

Date and time of collection

1920 

Jan. 17, 2.30 p. m_- _ __ __

Mar. 6, 12.44 p. m__.___ __

Mav 7, 4.47 p. m.__ ___ __

Aug. 26, 9.30 a. m. ____..._

10.05 a. m________

Oct. 17, 7.40 a. m__. _______

Dec. 9, 4.18 p. m.__, _____

1921 

Jan. 27, 11.05 a. m_ ______ _

Mar. 28, 9.50 a. m_._ _ ____

June 3, 2.50 p. m____ _ ____

1922 

Mar. 29, 4.30 p. m _ _______

Tide, etc.

% ebb--______-__--__--_-_-__-_-_---__-

Y± ebb_ _______________ __ _______--_-_-

3/f Phb

Hflood____ ____ _____ . _ ________

Beginning ebb; sea choppy; wind NE., force 

3. 

Beginning ebb; sea smooth; wind SW., force 

2.

% flood; wind N., force 0_ __ ___ ___ __

Depth 

(meters)

0 

13.7 

0 

5.0 

10.0 

12.8 

0 

13. 18 

0 

10 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

5 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom.

0 

12.81 

0

10 

15 

0 

12.81

0 

12.8

Temperature (°C.)

Air

-1. 1

16.6

23.3

1444

Sample

0.9 

.9 

-3.9 

1. 1 -.3

o

12. 8 

12. 8 

23.6 

23.6 

23.4 

23.2 

24 1 

23. 6 

24 1 

19. 5 

19. 2 

20. 6 

7. 2 

10.3

1.3 

3. 7 

11.8

8.4 

8. 1 

21.3 

15.6

9. 1 

5.3

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

12. 01 

17. 16 

12. 43 

13.00 

13.26 

1478 

4.01 

5.76 

8. 58 

8.78 

8. 89 

8. 11 

17.69 

9.46 

17.67 

10.42 

10.61 

15.30 

9. 14 

16. 78

10.43 

14.25 

6.00

11.97 

12.41 

5.75 

16. 16

5.28 

11.46

Density

1.00963 

1. 01378 

1. 00997 

1. 01044 

1. 01063 

1. 01186 

1.00266 

1. 00393 

1. 00392 

1.00408 

1. 00422 

1. 00366 

1. 01064 

1. 00461 

1. 01061 

1. 00628 

1.00659 

1. 00973 

1. 00715 

1. 01279

1. 00837 

1. 01142 

1. 00425

1.00929 

1.00961 

1. 00235 

1. 01146

1. 00399 

1.00908

1920 

Jan. 17, 3.17 p. m__ __._ _

May 7, 6.09 p. m___ _ __ __

July 4, 2.45 p. m_____ __ _

Aug. 26, 10.05 a. m. ___ _

Oct. 17, 6.34 a. m _ ________

Dec. 9, 5.24 p. m__. ___ __

1921 

Jan. 27, 12.30 p. m. ___ r __

Mar. 28, 7 a. m ___ -__.___

June 3, 3.37 p. m _____ __

1922 

Mar. 29, 5.27 p. m____ ___

100753°— 29 —— 4

Station 4

Slack ebb____ __ ________ _ _ _ ____

Hebb__-__-__-_____-_______-__-_-__-_-

H flood _________ --__..___ ._ _-_-_-__-

J^t ebb; sea moderate; wind NE., force 2____

Elood; sea smooth; wind SW., force 2_ __ _

0

20. 1

0

19. 55

0

10

0

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

0

10

0 

10

20. 13

0

. 10

18

0

10

22.7

0

20' 10

2.7

16. 1

22. 7

-0. 1

.9

12.6

12.8

23.9

23.9

23.9

23. 5

24. 1

19.2

21. 1

7.4

9. 6

10.0

1.6 

2.0

3.8

12.4

8.9

7.7

20. 8

18. 1

14.9

9.2

6.0

5.2

12.28

17.37

4.35

7. 16

7.89

8.70

15.44

9.46

17.67

16.03

10.64

16.68

17.65

10.88 

11.97

1446

5.26

10.21

12. 99

5.85

11.91

19.66

5.65

10.30

15. 79

1. 00984

1. 01394

1. 00287

1. 00501

1. 00333

1. 00393

1.00900

1. 00461

1. 01061

1. 01016

1. 00831

1. 01280

1. 01349

1. 00874 

1.00962

1. 01155

1. 00359

1. 00784

1. 01015

1. 00254

1. 00770

1. 01426

1. 00426

1. 00815

1. 01251
126 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 4-1 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 5

Date and time of collection

1920 

Mar 7, 2.46 p m

Tide, etc.

U ehb

May 7, 2.30 p. m.____ _ _ Uehb. _ ^ _

July 4, 6.20 p. m____ __ ___

Aug. 26, 5.40 a. m__-___-__-

Oct. 17, 12.05 p. m. ________

Dec. 9, 1.40 p. m--_-. -___-

1921 

Jan. 27, 7.10 a. m.__________

Mar. 28, 1.25 p. m.._ ______

June 3, 10.55 a. m___ ______

1922 

Jan. 25, 3.15 p. m_._______

Mar. 29, 12.28 p. m______ __

3^ flood; sea moderate; wind NE., force 2___ 

Ebb; sea choppy; wind SW. by S., force 3_

% flood; wind N. by E., force 2_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

% ebb; sea smooth; wind NW., force 2____

Depth

(meters)

0 

9. 1 

0 

9.54 

0 

10 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom.

0 

10.07 

0 

9 

0 

10. 06

0 

10.06 

0 

9. 6

Temperature (°C.)

Air

<

-2.2

18. 8

22.7

-1.11

18.33

Sample

0.0 

-. 6 

12. 8 

12.6 

23. 4 

23.6 

23. 2 

24.2 

20.0 

19.8 

7.2 

7.2

1.3 

1.3 

14.9 

15. 8 

20.4 

16. 0

.9 

1.3

8.5 

7.3

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

13.77 

14. 12 

6. 42 

8. 83, 

9. 75 

10. 08 

8. 67 

13. 41 

11. 81 

14. 97

11. 13 

11. 14 

8. 11 

9. 16 

7.29 

15.36

11.34 

12.06 

9.75 

10. 19

Density

1. 01105 

1. 01131 

1. 00444 

1. 00613 

1. 00484 

1. 00506 

1. 00408 

1. 00730 

1. 00742 

1.00966

1. 00894 

1. 00895 

1. 00557 

1. 00607 

1. 00379 

1. 01077

1. 00910 

1. 00969 

1. 00753 

1. 00797

Station 6

1920 

Jan. 17, 9.57 a. m __ __ _ __

Mar. 7, 10.49 p. m....____._

Aug, 26, 6.13 a. m __ ______

Oct. 17, 11.20 a. m__________

Dec. 9, 12.57 p. m___.______

1921 

Jan. 27, 7.53 a. m __ _ _ ._

Mar. 28, 3.03 p. m__ _______

June 3, 11.31 a. m__ __ __

1922 

Jan. 25, 3.58 p. m__ .___ __

Mar. 29, 1.19 p. m__________

Mebb_ --__--_-___--_--.___________-_-_

M ebb.. -__----______-____-___.________

Flood; sea choppy; wind SW.,by S., force 3_

M flood; wind N. by E.. force 3_____ __ __

0

12.8

0

5

10

13

0

5

10

0

0

Bottom.

0

0

12. 81

0

14

0

12.81

0

12.81

0

12. 00

-1. 6

21. 1

22. 2

-3.33

18.33

-0. 1

. 15

-. 3

-.3

1.7

_ g

21. 9

22. 6

22. 6

22. 9

23.2

23. 6

19.9

20. 0

7.2

7. 4

1.8

1. 9

10. 0

9.6

21. 1

15.8

.4

2.5

8.4

5.8

12.98

14.48

13. 67

13.70

14.40

1481

9. 02

9. 42

9.57

16.22

9. 54

10. 17

12. 22

15.62

10. 42

12. 55

11.38

11.39

8.37

11. 32

6. 09

15.86

11.59

9.76

11. 09

1. 01041

1. 01162

1. 01096

1. 01100

1.01157

1. 01188

1.00468

1. 00480

1. 00492

1. 00988

1. 00475

1. 00512

1. 00756

1. 01011

1. 00811

1. 00981

1. 00915

1. 00916

1.00631

1. 00869

1. 00272

1. 01119

1.00931

1. 00754

1. 00879

Station 7

1920 

Jan. 17, 8.47 a. m_ _ _ _ _

Mar. 7, 4.53 p. m_____ _ __

•

Slack ebb ______________________________

0

25.0

0

10

20

25

-0. 1

. 65

-. 3

_ q

1. 7

.0

13.57

18. 14

13.77

14.58

15. 58

15.68

1. 01089

1. 01457

1. 01104

1. 01169

1. 01250

1. 01259
TABLE 5.—,

SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY

and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued 

Station 7—Continued

127

Date and time of collection

1920— Continued 

May 7, 1.18 p. m. __ _____

July 5, 7.15 a. m_

Aug. 26, 7.05 a. m_-_______-

Oct. 17, 10.05 a. m_ ________

Dec. 9, 11.50 a. m. _______ _

1921 

Jan. 27, 8.50 a. m_ _______ _

Mar. 29, 11.10 a. m__ __

June 3, 12.34 p. m. ________

1922 

Jan. 25, 4.50 p. m_ ___ _ _

Mar. 29, 2.13 p. m_._ _ __

Tide, etc.

Vz ebb. -___-__---__-__-_____-__-..___-__

Full ebb. ______ ___ ______ __ _____..___

% flood; sea moderate; wind NE., force 2__ 

Ebb; sea choppy; wind NNE., force 3._ __

]4= flood; sea smooth; wind S., force !-_____

Full flood; wind N. by E., force 2_ ___. __

Full ebb; sea moderate; wind N., force 2; 

partly cloudy.

Depth 

(meters)

0 

25. 32 

0 

5 

10 

20 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

Bottom,

0 

10 

20 

37.45 

0 

10 

20 

30 

0 10 ' 

20 

27.45

0 

10 

20 

27.90 

0 

10 

20 

26.5

Temperature (° C.)

Air

-3.3

3.3

22.2

-4.44

14.44

Sample

12.5 

12.3 

21.9 

22. 1 

22. 1 

22.4 

22. 1 

23.7 

24.0 

19.4 

19. 9

20.2 

7.9 

8.3

8.8 

8.1

2.0 

2.0 

2. 1 

2.4 

10.5 

10. 5 

9. 9 

8.4 

21. 1 

18.8 

15.2 

15. 0

0.8 

1.9 

3.2

2.5 

8.2 

7.2 

4.5 

4.0

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

5.81 

15. 66 

9.40 

11.22 

14. 10 

16. 89 

17.49 

10. 65 

18.74 

13. 70 

14. 46 

16.00 

16. 50 

12.42 

12. 68 

12.84 

13.33

12. 14 

12.33 

12.36 

13.27 

7.43 

8.29 

10. 38 

13. 53 

8.36 

12.05 

17.96 

18.64

13. 26 

15.97 

18.95 

18.36 

9.84 

11.00 

15.26 

16.79

Density

1. 00400 

1. 01164 

1. 00497 

1.00628 

1. 00844 

1. 01047 

1. 01100 

1.00545 

1. 01144 

1. 00879 

1. 00925

1. 01074 

1. 00967 

1.00984 

1.00990 

1..01036

1.00975 

1.00982 

1. 00993 

1.01064 

1. 00551 

1.00618 

1. 00788 

1. 01048 

1. 00437 

1. 00767 

1. 01290 

1. 01346

1. 01064 

1. 01281 

1. 01514 

1. 01471 

1. 00761 

1. 00862 

1. 01216 

1. 01340

Station S

1920 

Jan. 16, 1.49 p. m _ ____ __

Mar. 8, 8.49 a. m_ ________

May 7, 9.10 a. m.________ _

July 5, 2 p. m _ __ ________

Aug. 25, 6.15 p. m_______ __

Get. 17, 3.20 p. m___ ___ __

1921 

Jan. 26, 4.50 p. m_ _ _______

Mar. 29, 3.50 p. m_____ ____

June 3, 6.31 a. m _______ __

1922 

Jan. 25, 12.05 p. m__.__ __

Mar. 29, 9.10 a. m_ ________

Slack___._ __ _ __ ____ _ _ _ __ __

^flood__ _ ___ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ __

Beginning ebb_ -__ ________ __ _____ __

3^ flood; sea moderate; wind N. by E.,

0

10.1

0

10

0

9.54

0

5

0

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

0

9. 15 o10

0

9. 15

0

9. 15

0

9. 14

1.1

4.4

15.0

1. 11

12.22

0.2

. 1

-.3

-1.1

12.8

12. 6

24. 6

24.3

24.4

24.1

24.0

19. 4

19.4

2.3

2.3

10.7

9.9

20.6

16.7

0.7

0.8

6.4

5. 6

13.51

14.98

15.03

6.29

11.88

11.30

11.36

11.69

9.86

9.87

12.99

13.03

12.44

12.40

11. 50

10.63

14.28

13.03

13.14

11.91

13.23

1. 01085

1. 01201

1. 01205

1.00434

1. 00868

1.00570

1. 00583

1.00605

1. 00475

1.00475

1. 00814

1. 00816

1.00999

1. 00997

1. 00874

1.00620

1. 00981

1.01045

1 01056

1.00938

1. 01049
128 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928 

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 9

Date and time of collection

1920 

Jan. 16, 2.45 p. m__ _______

Mar. 8, 6.36 a. m__ ______

May 7, 10.12 a. m___ _______

July 5, 12.18 p. m____ _____

Aug. 25, 6.59 p. m_ ________

Oct. 17, 4.15 p. m__-_-____-

Dec. 9, 6.54 a. m____ ______

1921 

Jan. 26, 5.50 p. m ________

Mar. 29, 2 p. m_ --_--__ ___

June 3, 5.15 a. m__ _____

1922 

Jan. 24, 10.55 a. m___ __

Mar. 29, 7.58 a. m_ _______

Tide, etc.

% flood. _

Flood_____,_____________ _______________

}£ flood_... ___________ _ _________ __

Mebb_ __---__-______________-_-__-___-

% flood; sea moderate; wind NNE., force 2. 

Ebb; sea choppy; wind NNE., force 2 _ _ _ _

}£ flood; sea choppy; wind N. by E., force 4_

Beginning ebb; sea smooth; wind NW., 

force 1.

Depth 

(meters)

0 

22.8 

0 

10 

20 

22 

0 

22. 72 

0 

10 

20 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

Bottom.

0 

10 

22.42 

0 

10 

19 

0 

10 

22.41

0 

10 

21. 96 

0 

10 

22. 00

Temperature (° C.)

Air

0. 0

2. 7

144

-1. 11

10. 00

Sample

0. 15 

. 65 -.8 

-.3

1. 1 

_ 3

12! 8 

12. 6 

23.8 

23.6 

23. 1 

23.6 

24 1 

24 2 

20.2 

19. 4 

20.3 

7.8 

7.9 

7.9

2.7 

2.6 

3.4 

10.8 

11.6 

7.5 

19. 4 

19.3 

15.3

1.7 

1.6 

2.6 

7.3 

6.3 

46

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

14 13 

18. 59 

15.37 

15. 57 

15.80 

15. 58 

6.85 

15.91 

11.44 

11. 62 

18. 61 

18. 95

18.79 

13.72 

1473 

17. 44 

14 69 

1457 

15.80

13.04 

12. 95 

13. 73 

10.87 

11. 13 

16. 18 

10.58 

10.62 

18.93

13. 17 

13.53 

19.76 

11.89 

12.87 

16.89

Density

1. 01134 

1. 01493 

1. 01234 

1. 01249 

1. 01269 

1. 01250 

1. 00477 

1. 01178 

1. 00602 

1. 00618 

1. 01158 

1. 01171

1. 01142 

1. 00865 

1. 00958 

1. 01141 

1. 01145 

1. 01134 

1. 01233

1. 01047 

1. 01040 

1. 01100 

1. 00814 

1. 00823 

1. 01265 

1.00614 

1. 00647 

1. 01362

1. 01057 

1. 01086 

1. 01573 

1. 00931 

1. 01016 

1. 01342

Station 10

1920 

Jan. 16, 11.29 a. m_.____ __

Mar. 8, 9.29 a. m._____ _ _

May 7, 7 a. m _ _

Aug. 25, 4 p. m_ _ _

Oct. 18, 6 p. m__..__ _____

Dec. 8, 3.58 p. m _ _____ __

1921 

Jan. 26, 2.52 p. m___ __ _ _

Mar. 28, 6 p. m_________ _

June 2, 7.45 p. m._ ___. _

1922 

Jan. 24, 8.40 p. m _-___ . .

Mar. 29, 6.07 a. m__ ______

Beginning ebb _____ ___ __ ____

% flood

Fullflood ____ --_-___-_____-___ ______

Flood; sea smooth; wind NNE., force 1_ __

Full flood; calm; hazy. __ _____ _____

0

0

7.3

0

7.27

0

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

0

0

0

7.32

0

7

0

7.32

'0

7.32

0

7. 00

0.0

6.6

18.8

-3.88

8.89

0.4

.2

-.6

12. 8

12.6

24 1

23.9

240

23.9

19.5

19.2

8.2

8.4

2.3

2.3

10. 6

10.8

20.8

20. 7

1. 1

.9

7.3

5.7

14 10

15.56

15.62

6.96

7.30

11.46

19.88

10. 67

12.64

13. 77

13.77

1456

1452

13. 11

13. 12

11.40

11.84

10. 97

11.02

13.82

13.83

12.34

13. 71

1. 01132

1. 01249

1. 01253

1. 00486

1. 00516

1. 00520

1. 01231

1. 00538

1.00662

1. 00882

1. 00884

1. 01132

1. 01126

1. 01051

1. 01052

1. 00858

1. 00889

1. 00641

1. 00648

1. 01109

1. 01111

1.00965

1. 01016
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 

TABLE 5.—Sal&nity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake %ay—Continued

129

Station 11 -

Date and time of collection

1920 

Jan. 16, 9.46 a. m_____ _ _

Mar. 8, 10.23 a. m_____ _

May 7, 5.34 a. m______ _ _

July 5, 6.05 p. m______. __

Aug. 25, 2.30 p.m. __ __

Oct. 18, 6.50 a. m_____ _ _

Dec. 8, 2.33 p. m_ ________

1921 

Jan. 26, 1.38 p. m___ _______

Mar. 30, 8.20 a. m______ _

June 2, 6.30 p. m __________

1922 

Jan. 25, 7.45 a. m_ _____ _

Mar. 28, 5.23 p. m__ _ _ _

Tide, etc.

Ebb. __________________________________

3/f flood

Mebb_____-_____-_-____---__-_________

24 flood ____________ ______

M flood; sea moderate; wind N., force 2___ 

Ebb; sea choppy; wind SE., force 2______

M ebb; sea moderate; wind E., force 3_ _ _

Full ebb; sea choppy; wind N., force 4____

Tide slack; sea moderate; winfl S., force 3; 

hazy.

Depth

(meters)

0 

40.3 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

47. 5 

0 

20 

47.27 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

Bottom. 0 ' 

10 

20 

30 

40 

Bottom.

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

47.58 

0 

20 

46 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

47.58

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

47. 50 

0

10 

20 

30 

40 

47.55

Temperature (« C.)

Air

0.5

7.2

21. 6

-7.77

11. 11

Sample

0.8 

.8 

.4 

.0 

.2 

.0 

. 2 

-.3 

12.6 

12. 8 

12. 6 

24. 1 

23.4 

23.6 

23.4 

22. 1 

22. 4 

24. 2 

23.9 

19. 5 

19. 5 

20. 1 

19. 6 

20.0 

19.4 

8.6 

8.2 

9. 5 

9.9 

9.9 

9.9

2.6 

3.3 

3.4 

3. 7 

3. 8 

3.9 

10.2 

10.7 

10. 2 

20.0 

20.0 

15. 5 

15.3 

15.3 

15. 1

1.4 

2.2 

2.7 

2.5 

3.2 

2.9 

7.7

7. 2 

49 

5.2 

4.9 

46

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

14.87 

20.00 

15.90 

16.09 

16. 10 

16.06 

16. 13 

16. 13 

7. 12 

7. 13 

17.80 

11.09 

15. 44 

14.99 

19. 12 

19.37 

19.38 

12.83 

19. 70 

1436 

15.08 

15.37 

17.08 

26.08 

20.04 

1493 

15.01 

18.35 

19.68 

19.75 

19.85

14.44 

1478 

14. 59 

17.46

17. 70 

13.94 

14.20 

16.60 

11.20 

11.68 

19.42 

19. 66 

19.80 

19.78

15.81 

16.53 

19. 54 

19.86 

20.43 

20.63 

11.88

11.90 

15.42 

11.81 

13.67 

15.93

Density

1. 01192 

1. 01606 

1. 01277 

1. 01292 

1. 01292 

1. 01290 

1. 01295 

1. 01295 

1. 00501 

1. 00498 

1. 01322 

1. 00569 

1. 00913 

1. 00874 

1. 01189 

1. 01242 

1. 01235 

1. 00695 

1. 01219 

1. 00927 

1. 00982 

1. 01090 

1. 01130 

1. 01801 

1. 01359 

1. 01155 

1. 01166 

1. 01411 

1. 01509 

1. 01515 

1. 01522

1. 01158 

1. 01185 

1. 01168 

1. 01393

1. 01412 

1. 01059 

1. 01073 

1. 01266 

1.00677 

1. 00714 

1. 01397 

1. 01421 

1. 01429 

1. 01431

1. 01262 

1. 01325 

1. 01564 

1. 01590 

1. 01631 

1. 01645 

1. 00926

1. 00932 

1. 01225 

1. 00937 

1. 01087 

1. 01267

Station 12

1920 

Jan. 16, 7.55 a. m________ _

Mar. 8, 12 m____.__ ___ _ Slack

0

38.5

0

10

20

30

35

0.45

_ g

.6

.7

.6

. 7

.6

15.02

20.78

16. 11

16. 14

16. 14

16. 16

16.22

1. 01205

1. 01669

1. 01294

1. 01296

1. 01295

1. 01297

1. 01298
130 SHOKTEK CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at J*l stations in Chesapeake Ray—Continued

Station 13

Date and time of collection

1920 

Jan. 15, 12.52 p. m_ ______ _

Mar. 8, 4.35 p. m._ ________

May 6, 3.45 p. m_.____ ____

July 7, 7.49 a. m. ___

Aug. 24, 8.59 a. m._____ __.

Oct. 19, 12.28 p. m________-

Dec. 7, 10.04 a. m __ _ _ __

1921 

Jan. 25, 8.43 a. m_ ____ ___

Mar. 31, 12.55 p. m__ _ .__

June 1, 1.40 p. m__ __ _ _

1922 

Jan. 23, 3.22 p. m_ .__ __ _

Mar. 27, 12.06 p. m __ _ __

Tide, etc.

M ebb. ________________________________

Y± flood. ---_-_____-________._________._

Slack ebb.. __ ____ _ ______ _ __

K flood _____ _ _ _________ ____

Full ebb; sea choppy; wind NNE., force 4__ 

Ebb; sea choppy; wind S., force 2_ ________

M ebb; sea moderate; wind NNE., force 3__ 

>fj flood; smooth; wind SE., force !______

Depth 

(meters)

0 

12.8 

0 

10 

12.8 

0 

10 

12.72 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom.

0 

12.81 

0 

16. 6 

0 

12.81

0 

12. 81 

0 

12.0

Temperature (° C.)

Air

3.3

16.6

31. 6

1. 11

12. 22

Sample

0.95 

.7 

.3 

.3 

0 

13. 1 

13. 1 

13.3 

23. 7 

23. 5 

25. 8 

25. 6 

20.0

19. 7

8.7 

8.7

2. 9 

2.9 

11. 1 

10.8 

22. 5 

19. 1

2.8 

3. 1 

6.9 

5.7

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

14. 18 

14.49 

15.82 

15.79 

15. 77 

7.28 

8. 70 

13.75 

12. 27 

17. 27 

13. 35 

13.31

15.71 

15.03 

15.00

13. 28 

13.31 

13.09 

14. 05 

12.20 

13. 19

15.22 

15. 37 

12.43 

13.63

Density

1. 01139 

1. 01164 

1. 01271 

1. 01267 

1. 01266 

1. 00506 

1.00615 

1. 01001 

1.00666 

1. 01048 

1.00693 

1.00696

1. 01024 

1. 01163 

1. 01161

1. 01066 

1. 01069 

1. 00982 

1. 01061 

1.00693 

1. 00848

1. 01220 

1. 01231 

1. 00976 

1. 01070

Station 14

1920 

Jan. 15, 2.09 p. m. __ ._ _

Mar. 8, 3.08 p. m _ __

May 6, 5.10 p. m.. _____

July 6, V. 19 a. m _--_-_

8.49 a. m_ _ ___

10.19 a. m. __ _ _

11.49 a. m_ __ .

1.19 p. m._ _____

Hebb________________________ _________

Flood. _ __ _ _ ___ _ _

FuUebb__-_---______- _ __ ____ ______

Beginning flood __ ___ ____

Yz flood___ __ ._-_ _____ _ ___ _ ___

M flood ____ ___ ________ __________

Full flood.. ____________ _ _ -__-__.

0

40.3

0

10

20

30

35.7

0

20

38.18

0

10

20

30

36.60

0

10

20

30

'36. 60

0

10

20

30

36.60

0

10

20

30

36. 60

0

10

20

30

36.60

0.7

' .7

.7

0

.7

0

. 4

13. 1

13.3

13. 1

23.8

23.4

23. 2

23.6

23.9

22.8

22.8

22.0

22.0

22.0

23. 0

23.3

22.2

22. 1

22.0

23. 2

23.7

22. 1

22. 1

22. 1

240

23. 1

22. 0

22. 0

22. 1

14.74

20.28

15.87

15.86

15.87

16. 15

16. 36

7.30

13. 28

18.09

12.75

12.75

20. 22

19. 70

20.22

12.76

14. 68

19. 11

20. 26

20. 22

12. 50

14. 66

19. 72

20. 20

20. 22

12. 56

14. 95

19.60

20.04

20.25

12.57

15.63

19. 64

19.98

20. 10

1. 01185

1. 01628

1. 01274

1. 01274

1. 01274

1. 01297

1. 01313

1.00509

1. 00964

1. 01337

1. 00701

1. 00710

1. 01278

1. 01227

1. 01268

1. 00727

1. 00871

1. 01225

1. 01312

1. 01307

1. 00702

1. 00846

1. 01265

1. 01304

1. 01307

1. 00704

1. 00866

1. 01232

1. 01292

1. 01307

1. 00782

1. 00934

1. 01264

1. 01291

1. 01301
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 131

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 14—Continued

Date and time of collection

1920 — Continued 

July 6, 2.49 p. m _ ______

4.19 p. m__ _- ___

5.49 p. m_-__-_ _

7.19 p. m_._ _ _ _

8.49 p. m _ _ ___

10.19 p. m_ _ _ _

11.49 p. m __ _ .__

July 7, 1.19 a. m_ ___ __ _

2.49 a. m._ _ __

4.19 a. m___ __ _ _

Aug. 24, 10.45 a. m__ __ __

12.15 p. m_ __ ____

Tide, etc.

Beginning ebb ______ _ __ __ __ _ __ ___

^ebb_ _______________________________

Fullebb--___-_----_-_- -________-_._._

^ flood__ _ _ ____________ -__

Yi flood. _ __ _ _ ____ _

* 

% flood __ '. _____ ._ _- __ _

% flood. ___ _ _ ______ _ ____

Beginning ebb____ _ ___ _ _ ___ _ __

\A ehb

Hebb.....__._. — — _ — ._. ——•—.

M ebb

«

Depth 

(meters)

0 

10 

20 

30 

36. 60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36. 60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom,

Temperature (° C.)

Air Sample

25.3 

23.3 

22.6 

22. 5 

22. 2 

24.8 

23.3 

23. 1 

22. 5 

22. 7 

23.5 

23. 1 

24, 4 

22. 6 

22.2

24.4 

23. 5 

22.8 

22.5 

22.0 

23.7 

23.2 

22. 0 

22. 1 

22. 0 

23.6 

22. 8 

22.4 

22. 0

23.6 

22.6 

21. 9 

22.0 

22.4 

23.8 

23.4 

22.9 

22.0 

22.0 

23.8 

24.8 

21.9 

22. 0 

21.6 

23.8 

23.8 

22. 8 

22. 0 

21. 9 

23.7 

23. 8 

22.0 

22.0 

21.8 

>25. 5 

25.8 

24.8 

25.0 

24.8 

25.6 

25.3 

25. 5 

25. 5 

25.0 

25. 5 

25. 7 

25.6 

25.5 

248

Salinity 

(parts per

12. 53 

12.82 

18.40 

20. 10 

20. 19 

12.60 

12.74 

18.25 

20. 00 

20. 16 

12.68 

14.90 

18.01 

20. 10 

20. 19

12.68 

13.01 

17. 77 

20.04 

20. 16 

12. 16 

15. 12 

19. 70 

20.00 

20.20 

12. 58 

12. 72 

19. 08 

19. 68 

19.91 

12.68 

15.20 

17.30 

19. 69 

20. 02 

12. 68 

13. 12 

19. 18 

20.06 

20. 02 

12.73 

12. 77 

19.22 

20.02 

20. 08 

12.76 

12. 99 

12.95 

19. 18 

19.98 

12. 40 

12.93 

16.63 

20. 01 

20.00 

14. 18 

14.01 

18. 70 

20.30 

20.49 

13.95 

13. 89 

13.91 

15. 14 

20.47 

13.69 

13.70 

13.72 

13.73 

20.39

Density

1. 00727 

1. 00664 

1. 01156 

1. 01287 

1. 01294 

1.00664 

1. 00712 

1. 01131 

1. 01279 

1. 01286 

1. 00701 

1.00899 

1. 01072 

1. 01284 

1. 01301

1. 00781 

1. 00725 

1. 01104 

1. 01282 

1.01304 

1.00696 

1. 00894 

1. 01270 

1. 0128& 

1. 01307 

1.00694 

1. 00724 

1. 01213 

1. 01267

1. 00701 

1.00915 

1. 01092 

1. 01267 

1. 01284 

1.00696 

1. 00739 

1. 01207 

1. 01297 

1. 01294 

1. 00877 

1. 01050 

1. 01238 

1. 01294 

1. 01309 

1. 00701 

1. 00719 

1.00733 

1. 01231 

1. 01304 

1.00679 

1. 00814 

1. 01038 

1. 01293 

1. 01298 

1. 00760 

1. 00737 

1. 01119 

1. 01233 

1. 01253 

1. 00742 

1. 00745 

1. 00741 

1. 00832 

1. 01245 

1. 00725 

1. 00719 

1. 00719 

1. 00727 

1. 01241
132 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 14—Continued

Date and time of collection

1920 — Continued 

Aug. 24, 3.15 p. m__._- _____

4.45 p. m._ ------- _

6.15 p. m _ _______

7.45 p. m _ _____ _

9.15 p. m _ _ __-

I

10.45 p. m_ ___ ...

Aug. 25, 12. 15 a. m__ ___ _

1.45 a. m _ _ ______

3.15 a. m_ __ _____

4.45 a". m_ _______

6.15 a. m._________

7.45 a. m_- ___ __

9.15 a. m ______

Oct. 18, 10.30 a. m _____

12m______________

Tide, etc.

>

Depth

(peters)

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom.

Temperature (° O.)

Air

-- -----

i

Sample

25.5 

25.5 

25.2 

24 8 

248 

25.5 

25.5 

25.5 

25.0 

24 8 

25.6 

25.5 

25. 1 

249 

24 8 

25. 6 

25.4 

25.3 

25.0 

248 

25. 5 

25.3 

25. 6 

25.4 

m 25.4 

9 25.4 

25.2 

25.5 

25. 4 

25.2 

25.5 

25.0 

25. 0 

25.3 

25.0 

25.0 

25.0 

246 

25.2 

25. 1 

25.0 

25.0 

246 

25.2 

25. 1 

248 

25.0 

25.5 

25.2 

,25. 1 

248 

25.0 

25.0 

25. 1 

25. 1 

248 

249 

25.2 

25. 1 

25. 1 

24.8 

248 

25.2 

25. 2 

25. 2 

19.7 

19. 7 

19.5 

19.3 

19.7 

19. 7 

19.6 

19.5 

19.3 

19.7

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

13.62 

13. 63 

17.54 

20.08 

20. 57 

13. 72 

13. 72 

13. 77 

19.76 

20. 50 

13.75 

13. 79 

17.97 

20.09 

20.56 

13.67 

13.75 

17.24 

19. 16 

20.37 

13.75 

1425 

17.28 

17.31 

17. 73 

13.63 

1427 

16. 61 

17.06 

18.83 

13.77 

1427 

14 18 

18.33 

19. 28 

13. 85 

14 13 

1436 

17. 66 

19.21 

13. 76 

13.77 

13. 93 

16. 50 

18. 86 

13.78 

13.78 

16. 47 

18. 79 

19. 18 

13.85 

13.87 

16.37 

18.81 

18.99 

13.93 

1404 

17.66 

19.05 

19. 13 

13.84 

1406 

15.46 

19. 17

15.90 

16.75 

20.57 

22.30 

22. 24 

15.89 

15.90 

20.20 

22.24 

22.34

Density

1. 00719 

1. 00722 

1. 01021 

1. 01222 

1. 01259 

1. 00719 

1. 00719 

1. 00720 

1. 01192 

1. 01254 

1. 00726 

1. 00722 

1. 01055 

1. 01220 

1. 01255 

1. 00719 

1. 00720 

1. 00994 

1. 01147 

1. 01243 

1. 00721 

1. 00771 

1. 00989 

1. 00997 

1. 01028 

1. 00722 

1. 00777 

1. 00942 

1.00978 

1. 01116 

1. 00720 

1. 00769 

1. 00774 

1. 01076 

1. 01156 

1. 00748 

1. 00761 

1. 00788 

1. 01030 

1. 01151 

1. 00743 

1. 00744 

1. 00767 

1. 00943 

1. 01122 

1. 00750 

1. 00745 

1. 00832 

1. 01119 

1. 01146 

1. 00755 

1. 00752 

1.00938 

1. 01119 

1. 01130 

1. 00762 

1. 00767 

1. 01030 

1. 01137 

1. 01138 

1. 00755 

1. 00771 

1. 00865 

1. 01142

I. 01039 

1. 01103 

1. 01390 

1. 01533 

1. 01518 

1. 01038 

1. 01041 

1. 01370 

1. 01528 

1. 01527
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 1±1 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 14—Continued

133

Date and time of collection

1920 — Continued 

Oct. 18, 1.30 p. m. _______

3 p. m —— _ _

4.30 p. m __________

6 p. m —— _________

7.30 p. m _ ___ __

9 p. m _ _________

10.30 p. m __

12 p. m_._ _________

Oct. 19, 1.30 a. m_ _____ _

4.30 a. m __________

7.30 a. m. __ ____

9 a. m_____.__-_.__

Dec. 7, 11. 30 a. m_. _______

Tide, etc.

M flood _______________________

Depth

(meters)

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

-30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom.

Temperature (°C.)

Air

^"

Sample

19. 7 

19.6 

19.6 

19.3 

19.3 

19.6 

19.6 

19. 4 

19.3 

19.3 

19.9 

19. 8 

19. 7 

19.6 

19.7 

19.6 

19. 7 

19.6 

19.4 

19.6 

19. 6 

19.6 

19.6 

19.4 

19. 6 

19.6 

19.5 

19.7 

19. 8 

19.6 

19. 7 

19. 6 

19. 5 

19. 4 

19. 7 

19.6 

19.9 

19.7 

19.3 

19.4 

19. 8 

19. 5 

19.9 

19. 3 

19.3 

19.9 

19. 5 

19. 7 

19.3 

19.3 

19. 8 

19.4 

19. 7 

19. 3 

19. 3 

19.4 

19.9 

19.6 

19.8 

19.4 

19.6 

19.8 

20. 1 

19. 4 

19. 5 

19.6 

19.9 

19.9 

19.4 

19. 5 

8.7 

8. 7 

10. 1 

10. 1 

10. 1

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

15.90 

15.90 

16.04 

22. 34 

22. 32 

15. 86 

15. 90 

21. 24 

22. 32 

22. 42 

15.95 

15. 90 

20. 85 

22.22 

22. 37 

15.98 

16. 05 

16.06 

21. 35 

21. 83 

15.92 

15. 91 

17.59 

21. 85 

22.21 

15. 92 

15.90 

16.78 

21.93 

22.02 

15.85 

16.00 

20. 68 

21. 92 

22. 03 

15. 38 

15. 96 

20.93 

22.04 

22. 14 

15.79 

15.80 

20. 89 

21. 88 

' 22. 14 

15.77 

15. 80 

20. 72 

21.82 

22.03 

15. 68 

15.72 

20.48 

21-75 

22.05 

15.76 

15. 75 

20. 85 

21. 61 

21. 86 

15. 71 

15. 76 

18.40 

21. 99 

21.95 

15. 81 

15. 75 

20. 89 

21.87 

21.94 

15. 14 

15.34 

19. 51 

20. 10 

20.28

Density

1. 01039 

1. 01039 

1. 01052 

1. 01536 

1. 01534 

1. 01039 

1. 01042 

1. 01450 

1. 01534 

1. 01542 

1. 01039 

1. 01037 

1. 01413 

1. 01520 

1. 01527 

1. 01048 

1. 01051 

1. 01054 

1. 01458 

1. 01490 

1. 01042 

1. 01042 

1. 01170 

1. 01496 

1. 01519 

1. 01042 

1. 01042 

1. 01106 

1. 01493 

1. 01505 

1. 01035 

1. 01049 

1. 01404 

1. 01502 

1. 01503 

1. 01002 

1. 01039 

1. 01419 

1. 01589 

1. 01595 

1. 01028 

1. 01034 

1. 01412 

1. 01500 

1. 01521 

1. 01025 

1. 01026 

1. 01403 

1. 01495 

1. 01512 

1. 01020 

1. 00932 

1. 01385 

1. 01491 

1. 01513 

1. 01035 

1. 01024 

1. 01416 

1,01468 

1. 01497 

1. 01027 

1. 01026 

1. 01219 

1. 01506 

1. 01503 

1. 01034 

1. 01023 

1. 01391 

1. 01498 

1. 01503 

1. 01171 

1. 01186 

1, 01493 

1. 01539 

1. 01553
134 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 14—Continued

Date and time of collection

1920— Continued 

Dec. 7, 1 p. m. _ __ ______

2.30 p. m ____ ___

4 p. m __ __ _____

5.30 p. m __________

7 p. m __ ________

8.30 p. m _ __ __

10 p. m_ ___ __ _

11.30 p. m__ _ ___

Dec. 8 1 a. m__ _ __ ____

2.30 a. m __ . __ _

4 a. m____________

5.30 a. m ___ ____

• 

7 a. m______ _____

8.30 a. m____. ___

10 a. m__________

Tide, etc.

Flood ____________________ _--__.

Mebb_________________________________

Mebb_________________________________

*

Slack... _ ________ _ _____ _ ______ __

Beginning flood __ ___ ____ _____ ———

K flood _______________________

M flood _______________________

Flood _____ _ ____ _______________

Beginning ebb____ ___ _ ___ — _ _______

^jebb_________________________________

Mebb. _______________________

Slack... _ _____________________________

M flood __________ _ _ _• _____

^flood____ ____ _____________ __

^_flood________________________________

Depth 

(meters)

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

.0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 '20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom,

Temperature (°C.)

Air Sample

8.8 

8.6 

10.0 

10.0 

10. 1 

8.7 

8.6 

9.9 

10. 1 

9.9 

8.7 

8.6 

10.0 

10. 1 

10. 1 

8.7 

8.6 

9.9 

10.0 

10. 1 

8.7 

8. 7 

10.0 

10.0 

10. 1 

8.5 

8.6 

10.3 

10.0 

10.0 

8.6 

8.6 

10.0 

9.8 

10.0 

8.5 

8.6 

10.2 

9.9 

9.8 

8.5 

8.8 

8.6 

9.8 

10.2 

8.4 

8.6 

8.6 

9.0 

9.8 

- 8.4 

8.5 

8.6 

9. 1 

9. 8 

8.3 

8.4

8:4

8.6 

9.4 

8.3 

8.4 

8.4 

8. 8 

9.7 

9. 5 

8.7 

9.8 

9.9 

9.8 

8.3 

8.4 

8.6 

9.2 

9.7

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

15.20 

15.22 

19.85 

19. 19 

20.21 

15.33 

15.31 

19.69 

20.20 

20. 29 

15. 03 

15.21 

20. 01 

20. 13 

20.21 

15. 16 

15. 24 

19. 90 

15.36 

20. 17 

15.37 

15. 37 

19. 88 

20. 17 

20. 24 

15. 24 

15.26 

19. 82 

20.08 

20.28 

15.31 

15.31 

19.90 

20. 17 

20. 36 

15. 12 

15. 14 

19. 62

20. 10 

15.30 

15.32 

15. 40 

18. 53 

19. 78

15.40 

15.42 

16.20 

19. 65 

15.38 

15. 37 

14. 63 

15. 76 

19.08 

15.33 

15.30 

15.36 

15.42 

16. 86 

15. 41 

15.42

15. 43 

19. 33 

15.37 

15.38 

18.92 

20.21 

20. 19 

15.44 

15. 44 

15.41 

15.44 

15.45

Density

1. 01175 

1.01178 

1. 01520 

1. 01470 

1. 01547 

1. 01185 

1. 01183 

1. 01510 

1. 01546 

1. 01557 

1. 01151 

1. 01178 

1. 01533 

1. 01542 

1. 01547 

1. 01207 

1. 01179 

1. 01588 

1. 01172 

1. 01530 

1. 01189 

1. 01189 

1. 01531 

1. 01545 

1. 01549 

1. 01180 

1.01182 

1. 01514 

1. 01539 

1. 01554 

I! 01185 

1. 01185 

1. 01525 

1. 01548 

1. 01560 

1. 01172 

1. 01173 

1. 01212

1. 01544 

1. 01186 

1. 01184 

1. 01192 

1. 01424 

1. 01512

1. 01192 

1. 01195 

1. 01250 

1. 01508 

1. 01192 

1. 01191 

1. 01135 

1. 01214 

1. 01463 

1. 01190 

1. 01187 

1. 01192 

1. 01193 

1. 01297 

1. 01195 

1. 01196

1. 01183 

1. 01484 

1. 01180 

1. 01190 

1. 01952 

1. 01550 

1. 01560 

1. 01199 

1. 01198 

1. 01193 

1. 01189 

1. 01184
SALINITY OP WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 14—Continued.

135

Date and time of collection

1921 

Jan. 25, 10.30 a. m.._ ___ _

12 m_-__._ __ _- .

1.30 p. m ___ _

3 p. m '____ - --. -

4.30 p. m ___ _._

6 p. m _ _ _ ._

7.35 p. m __ __ .

9 p. m_ _ _____ .

10.30 p. m __ __._.

12 p. m-___ __._

Jan. 26, 1.30 a. m— _ ._

3 a. m _ _ _ ___

4.30 a. m _ _ ___

6 a. m _ _ ___ ___

7.30 a. m _____ _

Tide, etc.

Beginning flood; sea rolling; wind NNE., 

force 4.

y<t flood. ____________________ _

Mflood__- __________________ ._

Full flood. ___ ______________ _

Beginning ebb__ ___________ _ ______ _.

1^ ebb

* 

Mebb-_-__-_____-____________________

Slack. ___,__________„_________________

Beginning flood. _ __ ___ _ _ ___ ___ _

J^ flood ___ ___ _ __ _______

Mnood_________________. ______________

Fullflood__ ___ _ __ ______ _ _ _ __

Mebb__ _______________________________

^ebb______-__-__.____________________

M ebb_ ________________________________

Depth

(meters)

0 

10

20 

30 

33.85 

0 

10 

20

30 * 

33. §5

0 

10 

20 

30 

33.85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33.85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33. 85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33.85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33. 85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33. 85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33. 85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33. 85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33.85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33. 85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33. 85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33.85 

0 

10 

20 

30 

33.85

Temperature (°C.)

Air

-4.4

Sample

3. 1 

3.0 

3.0 

3.7 

3. 8 

3,2 

3.0 

3.2 

3.3 

3.7 

3.0 

3. 1 

3.2 

3.5 

3.9 

3. 1 

3. 1 

3. 1 

3.0 

4. 1 

3. 1 

3. 1 

3. 0 

3.0 

4.0 

3. 5 

3.9 

3. 1 

3.4 

3. 1 

3.0 

3.0 

2. 9 

3.0 

3.3 

3.0 

3.0 

2.9 

3. 1 

3.3 

3.0 

2. 9

3; 1

2. 9 

3. 1 

2. 9 

2.8 

3.3 

3.3 

3. 1 

4.0 

2.8 

3. 9 

2.9 

3. 1 

3.9 

3. 7 

3.9 

3.7 

3.9 

3.0 

3.8 

3.0 

3.8 

3. 8 

3. 8 

3.7 

3.7 

3.9 

3. 1 

3.8 

3.9 

3.9 

3. 9 

3. 8

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

13^64 

13. 72 

13. 80 

16/80 

17. 95 

13. 64 

13. 72 

14. 55 

15.34 

17. 18 

13. 97 

14.05 

14. 97 

16. 12 

17. 62 

14. 15 

14. 23 

14. 64 

14. 87 

18. 13 

14. 52 

14. 75 

14. 77 

14.87 

18.07 

14. 65 

14.75 

14. 66 

14. 63 

15. 13 

14.26 

14.26 

14.34 

14. 64 

14. 78 

14. 21 

14. 25 

14.48 

15.21 

- 15. 02 

14. 20 

14. 23 

14. 34 

14. 56 

14.38 

14.36 

14.34 

14. 52 

15. 54 

14. 52 

14.42 

14. 46 

14. 44 

14.48 

14. 54 

14. 59 

14. 56 

14. 59 

14. 59 

14. 61 

14. 38 

14. 36 

14. 44 

14.87 

15.01 

14. 44 

14. 42 

14.39 

14.58 

14.68 

14.48 

14. 61 

14. 64 

14. 53 

1468

Density

1. 01094 

1. 01099 

1. 01106 

1. 01342 

1. 01432 

1. 01092 

1. 01099 

1. 01165 

1. 01227 

1. 01373 

1. 01120 

1. 01126 

1. 01198 

1. 01287 

1. 01408 

1. 01133 

1. 01140 

1. 01171 

1. 01191 

1. 01445 

1. 01164 

1. 01180 

1. 01182 

1. 01191 

1. 01441 

1. 01171 

1. 01180 

1. 01173 

1. 01171 

1. 01211 

1. 01143 

1. 01143 

1. 01150 

1. 01173 

1. 01183 

1. 01138 

1. 01141 

1. 01161 

1. 01217 

1. 01202 

1. 01138 

1. 01140 

1. 01149 

1. 01167 

1. 01150 

1. 01151 

1. 01153 

. 1. 01162 

1. 01164 

1. 01163 

1. 01151 

1. 01159 

1. 01154 

1. 01161 

1. 01166 

1. 01165 

1. 01167 

1. 01168 

1. 01168 

1. 01171 

1. 01152 

1. 01151 

1. 01156 

1. 01191 

1. 01201 

1. 01159 

1. 01155 

1. 01145 

1. 01168 

1. 01175 

1. 01158 

1. 01167 

1. 01173 

1. 01165 

1. 01165
136 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 14—Continued

Date and time of collection

1921— Continued 

Jan. 26, 9 a. mr ___ ___ _ _

Mar. 29, 11.40 a. m ___ _ .

1.10 p. m__ __ . _

Mar. 30, 2.40 p. m_ __ _ _

4.10 p. m _ ___ ___

5.40 p. m__ ___ _

7.10 p. m-___ _ ___

8.40 p. m _ _ _.__

10.10 p. m_ _ __ _

11.40 p. m _ _ __

Mar. 31, 1.10 a. m__ __ _

3.40 a. m _ _ _

4.10 a. m.__ _____

5.40 a. na_ __

7.10 a. m__ __ _

8.40 a. m__ _____

10.10a.m. _ ___

June 1, 3.30 p. m _ _____

4.50 p. m_ _ __

6.20 p. m__ _ _ _ _

V

7.50 p. m. _ _ __

Tide, etc.

Slack__ ________________________________

•

•

2/3 ebb; sea tide ripples; wind NW., force 1_ _

Depth 

(meters)

0 

10

20 

30 

33.85 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

24 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26

Temperature (° C.)

Air

11.6

32.2

Sample

3.8 

3.6 

3.8 

3.9 

3.8 

11.4 

11.0 

10.8 

11.4 

10. 9 

10. 8 

11. 6 

11.3 

10. 7 

10. 7 

10.2 

11.0 

11.6 

11.3 

10. 5 

10.9 

11.5 

10.9 

11.3 

11.2 

10.8 

11.2 

11. 1 

10.9 

11.3 

11.1 

10.8 

11.3 

11.0 

11.0 

11. 1 

11. 1 

11.4 

11.3 

10.6 

11. 1 

10.9 

11.3 

10.9 

11.0 

11.3 

11.3 

11.0 

11.4 

11.3 

11.4 

11.4 

11.2 

20.4 

17.6 

17. 2 

17.5 

17.2 

21.5 

19. 0 

19.0 

16.9 

16.9 

20.9 

18.4 

17. 1 

17.8 

17.3 

21. 1 

18.8 

17. 1 

17.7 

17.1

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

1420 

1426 

14 26 

14. 34 

1462 

1426 

1446 

15.86 

14 15 

14 49 

15. 82 

14 13 

14 12 

15.77 

14 15 

14.05 

1465 

1430 

1440 

16. 76 

14.34 

1441 

15.42 

1433 

1458 

15. 16 

14.40 

14. 68 

15. 83 

14 40 

14 66 

1448 

1440 

1435 

14 79 

14.22 

1435 

14.75 

13. 71 

1434 

15. 14 

13.64 

1448 

14 15 

14.05 

14.55 

14 91 

13.61 

1444 

15.84 

14.31 

1465 

14.83 

12.07 

17. 18 

18.77 

16.44 

19.25 

11.94 

12. 98 

19. 20 

19. 17 

19.27 

12.05 

13.81 

19. 18 

17.34 

18.98 

12. 11 

18.91 

13.36 

18.62 

18.99

Density

1. 01135 

1. 01140 

1. 01140 

1. 01149 

1. 01172 

1. 01069 

1. 01090 

1. 01201 

1. 01060 

1. 01092 

1. 01202 

1. 01057 

1. 01059 

1. 01194 

1. 01071 

1. 01070 

1. 01104 

1. 01069 

1. 01081 

1. 01275 

1. 00987 

1. 01079 

1. 01087 

1. 01075 

1. 01095 

1. 01153 

1. 01082 

1. 01105 

1. 01198 

1. 01082 

1. 01106 

1. 01095 

1. 01081 

1. 01081 

1. 01116 

1. 01069 

1. 01079 

1. 01107 

1. 01029 

1. 01086 

1. 01140 

1. 01028 

1. 01087 

1. 01078 

1. 01058 

1. 01094 

1. 01121 

1. 01021 

1. 01084 

1. 01193 

1. 01070 

1. 01098 

1. 01116 

1. 00733 

1. 01283 

1. 01312 

1. 01130 

1. 01349 

1. 00697 

1. 00833 

1. 01304 

1. 01348 

1. 01356 

1. 00725 

1. 00910 

1. 01346 

1. 01190 

1. 01326 

1. 00720 

1. 01288 

1.00903 

1. 01290 

1. 01333
SALINITY OP WATER OP CHESAPEAKE BAY

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 14—Continued

137

Date and time of collection

1921— Continued 

June 1, 9.20 p. m____ _ _

10.50 p. m.__ ___ _

June 2, 12.20 a. m

1.50 a. m __________

3.20 a. m ________

June 3, 4.30 a. m __ _ _ _.

6.20 a. m._ ___ _

7.50 a. m_ _ __ __

9.20 a. m _ _ _ _

10.50 a. m _________

12.20 p. m ___ _

1.50 p. m__ _ _.

1922 

Jatj. 23, 4,-5fi p. w

" 6.20 p. m __________

Tide, etc.

/

*

Beginning flood; sea moderate; wind NNE., 

force 4; hazy.

Depth

(meters)

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40. 26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40. 26

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60

Temperature (° C.)

Air

1. 11

,

Sample

20.8 

17.6 

17.2 

18.9 

17.4 

21. 1 

18.8 

17.3 

18. 6 

17.2 

20.3 

18.0 

17.2 

17.9 

17. 1 

19.6 

18.8 

17. 2 

17.0 

17.1 

19.8 

18.2 

17. 1 

17. 2 

17. 1 

19.5 

19.4 

17.3 

17.1 

17.1 

19.5 

19.2 

17.3 

17. 1 

17. 2 

19.4 

19. 1 

17.3 

17.2 

17. 1 

19.5 

19.3 

17.3 

17.3 

17.1 

19.2 

19. 2 

17. 1 

17.1 

17.1 

19. 2 

19.3 

17. 1 

17.2 

17.2 

19.8 

19. 5 

17.1 

17.0 

16.6

2.6 

2.6 

2.7 

2.5 

2.7 

2.3 

2.4 

3.0 

2.8 

2.8

Salinity 

(parts per

thousand)

12.03 

18. 17 

19.07 

13.02 

18.86 

11.85 

13. 12 

18.88

18. 93 

11.85 

14. 03 

18.87 

19. 13 

19.41 

12.07 

13.11 

18.99 

19. 17 

19.22 

12.07 

14.99 

18.98 

19. 22 

19.27 

12.28 

12.48 

18.99 

19.05 

19.25 

12.44 

12. 52 

18.73 

19.05 

19.12 

12.48 

12.87 

18. 94 

19. 20 

19.22 

12. 62 

12.70 

18.58 

18.90 

19. 13 

12. 79 

12.82 

18.34 

19.05 

19.37 

12.62 

12.79 

18.92 

19. 11 

19. 25 

12.58 

12.71 

19.26 

19.30 

19.40

15.37 

15.38 

18.22 

16.56 

19. 6Q 

15.4? 

16.31 

18. 94 

20.41 

20.41

Density

1. 00719 

1. 01257 

1. 01335 

1. 00838 

1. 01315 

1. 00701 

1. 00849 

1. 01317

1. 01323 

1. 00719 

1. 00934 

1. 01322 

1. 01323 

1. 01363 

1. 00751 

1. 00848 

1. 01329 

1. 01347 

1. 01349 

1. 00747 

1. 01004 

1. 01331 

1. 01343 

1. 01353 

1. 00770 

1. 00788 

1. 01328 

1. 01338 

1. 01351 

1. 00782 

1.00795 

1. 01306 

1. 01337 

1. 01339 

1. 00787 

1.00823 

1. 01325 

1. 01344 

1. 01348 

1. 00783 

1.00805 

1. 01244 

1. 01320 

1. 01341 

1.00815 

1: 00817 

1. 01319 

1. 01336 

1. 01360 

1.00802 

1. 00815 

1. 01327 

1. 01339 

1. 01349 

1. 00786 

1. 00802 

1. 01352 

1. 01356 

1. 01371

1. 01232 

1. 01233 

1. 01459 

1. 01328 

1. 01569 

1. 01241 

1. 01308 

1. 01514 

1. 01632 

1. 01632
138 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928 

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continuea

Station 14—Continued

Date and time of collection

1922— Continued 

Jan. 23, 7.50 p. m _ ______

9.20 p. m._ ______

10.50 p. m ___ ____

Jan. 24, 12.20 a. m__ _ ..__

1.50 a. m _ _______

3.20 a. m._ __ . __

4.50 a. m _ __ __

6.20 a. m ___ __

7.50 a. m________ .

9.20 a. m _ __ _ .

^ 

10.50 a. m _ __ __ _

12.20 p. m__ _

1.50 p. m __ _ __

3.20 p. m _________

•

Tide, etc.

•

>

•

Depth 

(meters)

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60 

0 

10 

20 

30 

36.60

Temperature (° C.)

Air Sample

2.6 

2.3 

2.4 

2,8 

2.8 

2.4 

2.2 

3.2 

2.8 

2.8 

2.2 

2.2 

3.3 

2.8 

2.8 

2.7 

2.3 

2.6 

3.1 

2.8 

2.3 

2.2 

2.8 

2.5 

3.2 

2.9 

2.2 

2.5 

2.9 

2.8 

2.5 

2.0 

2.8 

2.0 

3.0 

2.7 

2.2 

2.6 

3.0 

2.8 

2.2 

3.3 

3.3 

3.5 

3.0 

2.2 

2.2 

3.2 

2.9 

2.8 

2.5 

2.2 

2.4 

3.0 

4.3 

2.2 

2.2 

2.4 

2.5 

3.2 

2.4 

2.3 

2.4 

2.0 

2.4 

2.5 

2.5 

2.6 

2.2 

2.4

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

15.46 

16.40 

20.31 

20.46 

20. 31 

15. 47 

15.85 

18.64 

20.03 

20.01 

15.46 

15. 91 

19.94 

20. 12 

20. 15 

16.37 

15.47 

15.42 

17.08 

19.94 

15.39 

15.74 

16.34 

16.20 

20.47 

15. 24 

15.40 

15.98 

16.43 

18.01 

15.22 

15.16 

16.43 

15.23 

17.35 

15.14 

15.05 

16.23 

16.48 

19.79 

15. 14 

15. 15 

20.61 

20.85 

20.95 

15. 15

15.24 

20. 85 

21.01 

15.25 

15. 50 

20.61 

v 21. 05 

20. 14 

15.30 

15.58

17.71 

20.63 

15. 16 

16.32 

17. 55 

16.39 

19.81 

15. 15 

16. 14 

17.94 

16.43 

17.91

Density

1. 01240 

1. 01315 

1. 01626 

1. 01637 

1. 01625 

1. 01242 

1. 01271 

1. 01489 

1. 01602 

1. 01600 

1. 01241 

1. 01277 

1. 01597 

1. 01613 

1. 01616 

1. 01307 

1. 01241 

1. 01238 

1. 01336 

1. 01596 

1. 01235 

1. 01262 

1. 01307 

1. 01299 

1. 01636 

1. 01222 

1. 01234 

1. 01280 

1. 01317 

1. 01441 

1. 01220 

1. 01217 

1. 01317 

1. 01223 

1. 01389 

1. 01214 

1. 01207 

1. 01302 

1. 01320 

1. 01583 

1. 01214 

1. 01212 

1. 01650 

1. 01669 

1. 01675 

1. 01215

1. 01220 

1. 01667 

1. 01682 

1. 01222 

1. 01244 

1. 01649 

1. 01979 

1. 01602 

1. 01228 

1. 01250

1. 01419 

1. 01651 

1. 01216 

1. 01308 

1. 01416 

1. 01314 

1. 01586 

1. 01216 

U01293 

1/01436 

1. 01318 

1. 01435
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 139

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 14—Continued

Date and time of collection

1922 — Continued 

Mar. 27, 1.43 p. m._

3.13 p. m.

4.43 p. m_ _ ___

6.13 p. m _ .

7.43 p. m _ _ __

9^13 p. m__ __ _

10.43 p. m_ _

Mar. 28, 12.13 a. m__ - __

* 

1.43 a. m__ _ __

3.13 a.m. _ __ .

4.43 a. m__ _ ___

6.13 a. m. __ __

7.43 a. m ____ _ _

9.13 a. m ___ — _

Tide, etc.

V

Depth

(meters)

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0

10

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0

Temperature (° C.)

Air

4*

_

Sample

6.2 

5.6 

5.9

6.8 

7.2 

5.6 

5.4 

5.9 

6.0 

7.2 

5.8 

5.7 

5.6 

5.4 

7.2 

5.6 

5.8 

5.7 

5. 5 

7.0 

5. 5 

5.8 

5.7 

5. 5 

7.0 

5. 5 

5. 7 

5.4 

5.5 

7. 1 

5.6 

5.7 

5.6 

5.3 

7.0

6.0

5.8 

5.6 

5.4 

7.6 

5.6 

5.5 

5. 6> 

5.4 

7.2 

5.8 

5. 6 

5. 7 

5.5 

7.3 

7.0 

5. 5 

5.8 

5.6 

7.1 

6.6 

5.7 

. 5.5 

5.6 

7.2 

6.0 

5.5 

5.6 

5. 5 

7.2 

7.1 

5.7 

5.4 

5.4

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

12.22 

15. 10 

13.43 

16.77 

13.68 

15. 54 

12. 11 

13.89 

13. 14 

15.67 

12.21 

14. 54 

16.95 

17. 12 

17.22 

12. 15 

14. 16 

17.06 

17. 18 

17.25 

12.08 

14. 71 

16. 75 

17. 10 

17. 18 

12.21 

14.31 

16. 51 

17. 12 

17.25 

12.30 

13. 82 

15.95 

17.00 

17.30 

12.32 

f!3. 521 

\15. 91 j 

16.83 

17.35 

17. 16 

12. 30 

16.04 

17. 10 

17. 18 

17.34 

14.07 

16. 17 

16.86 

16. 92 

17. 11 

12.36 

13.76 

16.81 

17. 12 

17.31 

12. 30 

13.42

16.91 

17. 18 

12.28 

13.62 

16. 56 

17. 05

12.26 

13.42 

16. 50 

17. 93 

17. 18

Density

1. 00965 

1. 01196 

1. 01064

1. 01075 

1. 01219 

1. 00961 

1. 01174 

1. 01040 

1. 01238 

4. 00957 

1. 01152 

1. 01342 

1. 01355 

1. 01366 

1. 00953 

1. 01122 

1. 01350 

1, 01359 

1. 01366 

1. 00947 

1. 01168 

1. 01325 

1. 01353 

1. 01361 

1. 00959 

1. 01135 

1. 01306 

1. 01357 

1. 01366 

1. 00965 

1. 01095 

1. 01263 

1. 01346 

1. 01372 

1. 00968

1. 01331 

1. 01374 

1. 01359 

1. 00961 

1. 01269 

1. 01354 

1. 01361 

1. 01374 

1. 01102 

1. 01278 

1. 01335 

1. 01338 

1. 01355 

1.00968 

1. 01080 

1. 01331 

1. 01354 

1. 01371 

1.00966 

1. 01056

1. 01338 

1. 01360 

1. 00962 

1. 01076 

1. 01311 

1. 01349

1. 00960 

1. 01052 

1. 01304 

1. 01419 

1. 01361
140 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928 "»

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 14—Continued

Date and time of collection

1922 — Continued 

Mar. 28, 10.43 a. m. ____

12.J.3 p. m _________

Tide, etc.

•+

Depth

(meters)

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40.0

Temperature (°C.)

Air

v

Sample

7.3 

5.9 

5.7 

5.8 

5.4 

7.6

5.4 

5.6 

5.4

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

12. 17 

12.25 

16.07 

16.97 

17.08 

11. 18

17.06 

17. 15 

17.20

Density

1. 00953 

1. 00970 

1. 01271 

1. 01341 

1. 01352 

1. 00863

1. 01351 

1. 01357 

1. 01361

Station 15

1920 

Jan. 15, 3.44 p. m_ _ __ _

Mar. 8, 2.10 p. m.__ __ __

May 6, 6.24 p. m__ _ _ __

Aug. 25, 11.37 a. m________

Oct. 19, 11.25 a. m__ _ _ _

Dec. 8, 12.03 p. m._ . ___

1921 

Jan. 26, 10.50 a. m __ . __

1922 

Jan. 24, 5.14 p. m __ __ __

Mar. 28, 2.15 p. m__ _

M ebb.. ______________ __ . __ . ____

Mebb__ ___-______-_--___-_______- — _

Slack ebb_. ___ __._ ___ . ____ . ._._._

% flood-- _ _ _ __ ___ . __ .

Slack ebb; sea broken; wind NNE., force 2_

M ebb; choppy; wind NNE., force 4____

Full flood; wind SSE., force 2_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

0

7.3

0

7.33

0

7.27

0

Bottom,

0

Bottom.

0

0

Bottom.

0

7. 78

0

8.23

0

9. 15

0

9. 15

•

.-

-3.3

26.6

-3.88

12.22

0.7

.7

1.4

1. 1

12.8

12. 6

24. 4

23. 1

248

24,7

19.6

19. 7

8.5

8.2

3.5

3.6

19.9

19.5

2.5

7.4

15.04

15. 10

16. 10

16. 16

7. 32

9. 42

13.26

13. 24

13. 61

13. 63

15.15

16.60

15. 23

15. 34

14,49

14. 53

12.53

12.83

15.05

16.08

12.74

13.63

1. 01207

1. 01213

1. 01292

1. 01297

1. 00514

1. 00675

1. 00723

1. 00755

1. 00737

1. 00741

1.00984

' 1. 01089

1. 01182

1. 01192

1. 01162

1. 01165

1. 00779

1. 00810

1. 01207

1. 01289

1. 00987

1. 01066

Station 16

1920

Mar. 9, 6.33 a. m_ ______ _

May 6, 11.28 a. m _

July 7, 9.58 a. m____ __ _ _

Aug. 24, 5.50 a. m__ _ ____

Oct. 19, 2.05 p. m _ __ _

Dec. 7, 7.05 a. m_____ _ _ _

1921 

Jan. 24, 4.24 p. m____ .___

Mar. 31, 3.55 p. m _ __ _

June 1, 10.55 a. m __ _ __

1922 

Jan. 23, 12.35 p. m __ -____

Mar. 27, 8.45 a. m__ __ _

Slack. _________________________________

3^flood__ ___ _ ____________

Yz flood.. _ _ ___ _ ____ ________ -.

}>i ebb; sea choppy; wind NNW., force 3__

Flood; sea choppy; wind S., force 4

Beginning ebb; calm; wind force 0; cloudy.

Beginning ebb; moderate swell; wind NNE.,

0

11.9

0

5

10

0

10.91

0

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

0

0

0

11. 44

0

11.89

0

10.98

0

10.98

0

12.0

5.5

18.3

31.6

1.67

-0.05

-.05

.2

.3

.7

13.8

13.6

24.3

21.8

25.3

25.3

20.9

19. 7

8.8

8.8

3.5

3.4

12. 1

11.2

20.5

19.0

2.7

3.4

9.0

5.8

13.74

13.96

11.22

12.74

15.74

6.76

8. 73

12.89

15.67

12.27

12.44

15. 00

14. 56

14.65

11. 91

13. 19

13.28

13.21

7.47

12.82

13.90

14. 26

11.01

13. 17

1. 01103

1. 01121

1.00900

1. 01263

1. 00456

1.00610

1.00697

1. 01171

1.00623

1. 00634

I. 00972

1. 01117

1. 01121

1. 00954

1. 01054

1. 00983

1.00990

1. 00383

1.00820

1. 01115

1. 01142

1.00846

1. 01044
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 141

TABLK 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 17

Date and time of collection

1920 

Jan. 15, 9.57 a. m___ ___ _

Mar. 9, 7.25 a. m ___ _ _

May 6, 12.45 p. m. _ _ _

July 7, 10.37 a. m._ _ _ .

Aug. 24, 6.33 a. m _____ _

Oct. 19, 2.51 p. m ___ _____

Dec. 7, 8 a. m __ ____

1921 

Jan. 24, 5.22 p. m__ __ __ _

Mar. 31, 3.20 p. m __ _ _

June 1, 11.47 a. m _ __ _ __

1922 

Jan. 23, 1.20 p. m_ __ _ _

Mar. 27, 9.30 a. m __

Tide, etc.

Beginning ebb____ _ _ _ __

M flood __ _ __ _ _ ___ __

^ flood _ _ _ ____ . _ __ _ _ _

Beginning flood. ______ _____ _

M ebb; sea choppy; wind NNW., force 3___

% ebb; sea smooth; wind ENE., force 1; 

cloudy.

M ebb; slight sea; wind NNE., force 3 __

Beginning flood; smooth; wind SE., force 1_

Depth

(meters)

0 

10.5 

0 

10 

21.9 

0 

10 

21.81 

0 

10 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

Bottom.

0 

10 

21.96 

0 

10 

14.64 

0 

10 

21. 96

0 

10 

21.96 

0 

10 

21.0

Temperature (°C.)

Air

5.0

18.3

30.0

1.67

11. 11

Sample

0.7 

.7 

.4 

.7 

.3 

13.8 

13.8 

13.6 

22.4 

23. 1 

22.9 

26.0 

25. 5 

24.8 

20.4 

19.7 

19.7 

8.9 

8.9 

8.9

4.0 

3.6 

3.6 

13.4 

10.9 

11.0 

22.2 

19.1 

19.6

3.9 

3.7

8.0 

6.7

7.8

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

14.63 

14.71 

12. 13 

15.93 

15.91 

7.22 

12.21 

13.03 

11.38 

15.14 

17.62 

13. 19 

15.02 

14.25 

14.99 

15.32 

15.92 

15.36 

15.34 

15.37

13.60 

13.~61 

1415 

13.09 

1415 

14.81 

7. 17 

12.59 

1458

1462 

15.37 

15.48 

10.39 

13.31 

15.32

Density

1. 01176 

1. 01182 

1.00973 

1. 01279

1. 00491 

1. 00885 

1.00948 

1.00629 

1. 00897 

1. 01090 

1.D0672 

1. 00814 

1. 00806 

1.00954 

1.00995 

1. 01040 

1. 01186 

1. 01183 

1. 01186

1. 01087 

1. 01088 

1. 01132 

1.00973 

1. 01068 

1. 01116 

1. 00326 

1. 00803 

1.00967

1. 01169 

1. 01227

1.00801 

1. 01053 

1. 01194

Station IS

1920 

Jan. 15, 11.13 a. m____

Mar. 9, 8.35 a. m ____ __

May 6, 1.43 p. m ___ _ _

July 7, 11.40 a. m __ __ _

Aug. 24, 7.18 a. m _

Oct. 19, 3.38 p. m___ ___ _

Dec. 7, 8.39 a. m ___ __

1921 

Jan. 25, 7.10 a. m___ ____

Mar. 31, 2.12 p. m.. _ _____

June 1, 12.25 p. m _ _____ .

1922 

Jan. 23, 1.55 p. m___ _

Mar. 27, 10.18 a. m___

\/ phh

*4 flood __ _ _ _ _ _____ _ ______

% flood. __ _ __ _

^ flood _ _ ___ ______

% ebb; sea choppy; wind NNE., force 2 _ _

J£ ebb; sea smooth; wind ENE., force 1__ _

J^ ebb; sea moderate; wind NNE., force 3__

]4: flood; smooth; wind SE., force !________

0

21

0

g

10.5

0

10

0

0

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

0

10.98

0

12

0

10.5

0

10.53

0

10.0

-3.8

17.2

30.0

1.67

11.11

0.95

.7

.4

.3

.7

13.8

13. 1

24.5

24. 1

26.0

25.5

19.9

20.0

8.9

8.9

2.9

2.9

12.5

11.0

20.3

17.3

2.7

3. 1

7.8

7. 1

13.88

1476

12.62

1452

15.90

7.22

9.56

11.47

13.26

13. 56

13.60

15.39

15.61

15.61

13.95

13.96

12.93

1459

11.67

1410

15.85

15.81

11.76

13.40

1. 01113

1. 01186

1. 6l27f

1.00491

1.00668

1.00586

1. 00730

1. 00701

1. 00718

1.00994

1. 01205

1. 01205

1. 01119

1. 01120

1.00951

1. 01098

1. 00705

1.00955

1. 01271

1. 01264

1. 00916

1. 01050
142 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 19

Date and time of collection

1920 

Jan. 14, 10.30 a. m____ __

Mar. 9, 11.48 a. m ___ _

May 6, 5 a. m_ ___ ____

July 7, 5.04 p. m_ _____

Aug. 23, 6.11 p. m_ _ , _

Oct. 20, 7.04 a. m__ _ ___

Dec. 6, 4.18 p. m___ _ _

1921 

Jan. 24, 1.28 p. m_ __

Mar. 31, 6.30 p. m _ _ _

June 1, 7 a. m_ ___ _ ___

1922 

Jan. 23, 9 a. m _ _ _ _

Mar. 26, 6.31 p. m. __

Tide, etc.

Slack__ ________________________________

\X ebb

% flood __ ____________________________

% ebb _

% flood; sea choppy; wind NNW., force 3_

% flood; wind NNE., force 1_ _ ____ ___

% flood; sea rolling; wind NNE., force 4___

Full ebb; sea moderate; wind S. by E., 

force 2.

Depth 

(meters)

0 

12.8 

0 

5 

10 

12.8 

0 

12. 73 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom.

0 

11.90 

0 

12.81 

0 

12.81

0 

12.81 

0

12.81

Temperature (° 0.)

Air

6.6

16.1

20.0

2. 22

9.44

Sample

0.95 

.95 

1.0 

.9 

.9 

.9 

12.6 

12.8 

22.5 

23.2 

25.5 

25.2 

19.6 

20.2 

9.5 

9.5

3.8 

3.8 

11.5 

11.0 

19.8 

18.9

2.9

2.8 

8.0

6.7

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

*

16. 13 

19.37 

14.58 

13. 80 

15.97 

16. 55 

9. 71 

13.62 

14. 70 

18.47 

14.40 

19. 11 

17. 68 

19.33 

16.90 

16.76

14, 45 

17. 22 

15.08 

16.48 

9. 10 

13.77

18. 19 

18.78 

11.55

16.60

Density

1. 01295 

1. 01555 

1. 01169

1: 01282

1. 00702 

1. 00998 

1. 00881 

1. 01176 

1. 00777 

1. 01138 

1. 01176 

1. 01286 

1. 01298 

1. 01287

1. 01155 

1. 01374 

1. 01131 

1. 01246 

1. 00526 

1. 00895

1. 01450 

1. 01503 

1. 00898

1. 01305

Station 20

1920 

Mar. 9, 10.56 a. m_ _

May 6, 6.15 a. m _ ___ _

July 7, 4.10 p. m__ _

Aug. 23, 5.45 p. m____ _ _

.Oct. 20, 6.08 a. m_ _____

Dec. 6, 3.21 p. m . __ __

1921 

Jan. 24, 12.43 p. m_ _____

Apr. 1, 5.30 p. m ____ ___

June 1, 7.53 a. m_ _ ___ __

1922 

Jan. 23, 9.55 a. m_ _____ __

Mar. 26, 6.10 p. m _ ____ _

% ebb_ _______________________________

M ebb ____ ____ _______ ________

% flood _______ _ _____ __

Hebb __ _ __ _ _ __ _ ________________

Full flood; sea moderate; wind NNE.,

force 4.

-

0

5

10

0

5

10

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

Bottom.

0

10.53

0

12.8

0

10.62

0

12.23

0

13.0

6. 1

7.7

20.0

2.22

10.00

0.6

.6

.7

12.8

12.6

12.8

24. 5

24. 4

26.0

25.3

20. 3

19.8

9. 4

9.3

3.9

3.9

11.2

11.5

19.9

18.5

2.8

2.7

7.7

6.0

14.21

14.86

15.77

11. 15

12.34

13.09

14.71

14.79

14.73

17.64

15.08

17. 14

16.99

16.96

15.47

15.54

15. 17

15.26

11.42

14.70

18.10

19.18

15.65

12.09

1. 01140

1. 01193

1. 01265

1. 00808

1.00902

1. 00953

1. 00829

1. 00838

1.00783

1. 01025

1. 00963

1. 01131

1. 01304

1. 01306

1. 01236

1. 01242

1. 01142

1. 01145

1.00932

1.00966

1 01 4.4Q

1. 01536

1. 01223

1. 00956
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 143

TABLE 5. — Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay — Continued

Station 21

Date and time of collection

1920 

Jan. 14, 8.50 a. m __ __ _

Mar. 9, 1.02 p. m__ _____ __

May 6, 8.19 a. m__ __ _ __

July 7, 6.25 p. m_ _ __ _

Aug. 23, 4.35 p. m _

Oct. 20, 8.10 a. m _ _

Dec. 6, 1.47 p. m_ _ __ _ .

1921 

Jan. 24, 11.17 a. m_ __

Apr. 1, 6.30 p. m_ __ __ __

June 1, 5.25 a. m____ _ ___

1922 

Jan. 23, 7.30 p. m _____ _

Mar. 26, 5.21 p. m

Tide, etc.

Beginning flood __ «,__ _ ____ _______

FloOd___ _ _ _______ ____ _______ __

% flood; sea broken; wind N., force 2; sky 

partly cloudy and hazy.

*

Depth

(meters)

0 

42. 1 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

44. 3 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

44. 09 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

Bottom.

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

43.01 

0 

10 

26 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

43. 92

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

43. 92 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

43.0

Temperature (° O.)

Air

5.0

8.8

20.0

2.22

12.22

Sample

0.45 

.45 

.3 

.3 

1.0 

.6 

.7 

.6 

13.3 

13. 1 

13.3 

13. 1 

13. 1 

13.3 

24. 7 

22.4 

26.0 

26. 0 

26.0 

25.2 

24. 8 

20.0 

19. 8 

..19.3

19. 5

19. 1 

19.2 

9.5 

9.5 

9.7 

10.0 

10.0 

10.0

3.9 

4.6 

3.9 

4.0 

4. 1 

4.0 

10. 9 

10.9 

11.2 

19.6 

18. 8 

17.7 

17.5 

17. 8 

17.7

3. 4 

3.0 

3.2 

2. 7 

3. 3 

2.8 

8. 1 

6.2 

6.2 

6.-5 

6.2 

6.6

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

14. 85 

21. 78 

13.00 

15. 58 

16. 88 

17. 31 

17. 36 

17. 53 

9.97 

15.76 

18. 15 

18. 98 

19.08 

19. 59 

14. 56 

19. 82 

14. 03 

13.97 

« 13. 89 

17.76 

21. 93 

14.87 

18.27 

22. 80

23. 66 

23.79 

16.62 

16. 65 

18. 25 

20. 53 

20. 97 

21. 10

13. 12 

13. 54 

17.51 

18.03 

18.65 

18. 72 

14. 30 

14. 39 

16. 84 

11.25 

13.85 

18. 98 

19.65 

20.85

15. 96 

15.27 

15. 99 

16.01 

16.00 

18.27 

11. 62 

17. 10 

17. 89 

18.26 

18.34

Density

1. 01192 

1. 01749 

1. 01044 

1. 01250 

1. 01355 

1. 01390 

1. 01393 

1. 01408 

1.00696 

1. 01157 

1. 01339 

1. 01407 

1. 01414 

1. 01449 

1. 00812 

1. 01268 

1. 00735 

1. 00732 

1. 00726 

1. 01035 

1. 01302 

1. 00954 

1. 01216 

1. 01569

1. 01617 

1. 01641 

1. 01277 

1. 01279 

1. 01401 

1. 01574 

1. 01607 

1. 01617

1. 01050 

1. 01080 

1. 01495 

1. 01437 

1. 01484 

1. 01491 

1. 01079 

1. 01086 

1. 01269 

1. 00096 

1. 00903 

1, 01307 

1. 01372 

1. 01456

1. 01276 

1. 01224 

1. 01280 

1. 01285 

1. 01280 

1. 01463 

1.00905 

1. 01348 

1. 01410 

1. 01438 

1. 01447
144 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 22

Date and time of collection

1920 

Jan. 13, 4.48 p. m._ __ _

Mar. 9, 4.06 p. m...__ _ _

May 5, 6.14 a. m___ _ _ __

July 8, 5.25 a. m ___ _

Aug. 23, 1.38 a. m__ _ _ _

Oct. 20, 10.45 a. m_ ________

Dec. 6, 10.25 a. m__ _ _ _

1921 

Jan. 24, 8.10 a. m.^___

Apr. 1, 8.26 p. m__ _ _ _

May 31, 4.40 p. m._ __ _

1922 

Jan. 22, 5.40 p. m_ __ __

Mar. 26, 2.49 p. m _ ___ _

Tide, etc.

% flood.. __ _. _ _ ________

M flood _ __ _ ___________

Slack ebb; sea broken; wind N., force 3___- 

Ebb; sea choppy; wind N., force 1 _ __ -

Full ebb; sea rolling; wind ENE., force !___

Depth 

(pieters)

0 

12.8 

0 

5 

10 

12.8 

0 

13.18 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom.

0 

12.81 

0 

10 

14.64 

0 

13.17

0 

12. 81 

0 

13.0

Temperature (° C.)

Air

4.4

8.8

25.5

8.89

Sample

0.7 

.7 

1.1 

1.3 

1.2 

1. 1 

13.8 

13.6 

24.3 

24.2 

26.0 

26.0 

19.8 

20. 1 

9.5 

9.5

3.7 

3r7 

11. 1 

11.2 

11.3 

20.0 

19.1

3,5

as

9.3 

7.0

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

16.85 

22. 26 

16.22 

16.23 

16.34 

17.38 

11.95

15. 57 

21.55 

16.45 

17.33 

16.74 

18.90 

18.25 

18.88

14.69 

14.72 

16.48 

17.08

13.27 

15.08

22.33 

17.04 

14.28 

18. 18

*

Density

1. 01353 

1. 01786 

1. 01303 

1. 01303 

1. 01311 

1. 01396 

1. 00855

1.00906 

1. 01352 

1. 00916 

1. 00982 

1. 01101 

1. 01258 

1. 01403 

1. 01452

1. 01175 

1. 01178 

1. 01244 

1. 01287

1. 00834 

1.00991

1. 01781 

1. 01360 

1. 01098 

1. 01427

Station 23

1920 

Jan. 13, 3.20 p. m__

Mar. 9, 4.55 p. m _ __ __

May 5, 6.14 p. m_ ___

July 8, 5.25 a. m

Aug. 23, 12.50 a. m

Oct. 20, 11.25 a. m_________

Dec. 6, 9.37 a. m___

1921 

Jan. 24, 7 a. m _ _ _ _

Apr. 1, 8.42 p. m _____

May 31, 4.20 p. m_ ___ *__

1922 

Jan. 22, 5 p. m__ ___ __ __

Mar. 26, 1.55 p. m.__ _______

T

M flood. ____..___-__..__.____. __________

^ flood. _ _-_• _ _ __ __ __ __

^ flood ______ __ __-. ___ _.___-.

Ebb; sea choppy; wind N., force 1_ ___ __

Full ebb; sea rolling; wind ENE., force 2 _

0

12. 8

0

5

10

12.8

0

13. 18

0

0

0

0

10

; o

12.81

0

12.81

0

12.81

0

12.81

0

13.0

£ —— i ————

5.0

9.4

25.5

10.0

15.0

0.7

.7

1.4

1.4

1.4

1. 1

13.8

13.6

24.3

24.2

26. 0

25. 1

20. 1

19.2

9.5

9.5

9.5

4.2

4 0

11.0

U q

20.0

19.8

3.2

3.8

7.8

6.8

16.48

23.27

16.62

16.70

16.73

17.88

11.95

15.57

21.55

18. 71

20.48

17.90

25.21

c 19. 24

19.43

19.66

17.66

17. 93

17. 14

17 49

12.61

1&86

18. 19

22.99

15.40

18. 85

1. 01323

1. 01867

1. 01334

1. 01340

1. 01342

1. 01435

1. 00855

1.00906

1. 01352

1. 01085

1. 01243

1. 01182

1. 01756

1. 01481

1. 01495

1. 01511

1. 01407

1. 01428

1. 01297

1. 01314

1. 00859

1. 00882

1. 01454

1. 01831

1. 01201

1. 01480
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 145

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 24 -

Date and time of collection

1920 

Jan. 13, 11.50 a. m.___ . _

Mar. 10, 12.46 a. m._ __ ...

2.16 a. m ____ __

3.46 a. m _ ___ __

5.1$ a. m ____ __

6.46 a. m _____

8.16 a. m ______

9.46 a. ra _____ _

11.16 a. m_ ____ _

12.46 p. m ____ _

2.16 p. m _____ _

3.46 p. m _____

5.16 p. m _________

6.46 p. m _____ _

May 5, 4.22 p. m__________

July 8, 7.20 a. m.__ __. _

Aug. 23, 11.44 a. m_ _

Oct. 20, 1.35 p. m__ _ _ _

Dec. 6, 7.05 a. m___ _ __

1921 

Jan. 23, 5.23 p. m. _________

Apr. 1, 10.13 p. m ___ _.

May 31, 2.55 p. m.__ _ ____

*

Tide, etc.

^ebb_________________ ________________

Mebb_____ __ __________ ___ _________

Mebb_________________________________

Slack__________________________________

Beginning flood. _________ _ ___ _____

M flood __ ________ __ _' ______

^ flood. ______ 1 __________ _

H flood ________________________________

Beginning ebb____ ___ _______ _ __

Mebb_._______________________________

Mebb________. _ __________ _ _________

^i flood _ _ _ __ ____ _ __ _

J^ flood _ __ _ ______ __ _ __ __

Slack ebb. _ _ _ _ _______

H flood, _______ _ _ __ _ _ __

M ebb; sea choppy; wind W., force !_____

Ebb; sea choppy; wind N,, force 1 _ __ _

% ebb; sea moderate; wind NNE., force 2__

Depth

(meters)

0 

14.7 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

. 0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

5 

10 

14.6 

0 

10 

14.54 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom.

0 

10 

14.64 

0 

12.81 

0 

10 

15.61

Temperature (° C.)

Air

11. 1

10.0

25.6

Sample

1.45 

1.45 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.7 

1.7 

1.4 

1.7 

1.7 

1.7 

1.7 

1-7 

1.7 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.7 

1.7 

1.7 

1. 7 

1.7 

1.7 

1.7 

1.7 

1.9 

1.9 

1.7 

1.7 

2. 0 

2.0 

1.7 

1.7 

2:7 

2,4 

2,2 

2. 2 

3.0 

2,7 

2.7 

2. 7 

2,7 

2. 2 

3,2 

2.7 

1,7 

1.7 

1.7 

1.7 

14.3 

14.5 

14.3 

24.8 

22. 5 

26. 0 

24.0 

20. 3 

19. 7 

9.8 

9.8

5>4 

4.6 

4. 2 

11.3 

11.4 

19.0 

18.5 

17.6

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

18.05 

23.55 

17.23 

17.25 

18.01 

. 19. 92 

17.69 

17.82 

17.66 

17.72 

17.50 

17.65 

19.17 

19.94 

17.60 

17.90 

18.94 

19.74 

17.56 

17.58 

• 19. 07 

19.57 

17.52 

17.58 

18. 63 

18.69 

17.50 

17.55 

17.58 

18.36 

17.39 

17.35 

17.87 

19. 16 

17.38 

17.79 

18.80 

19.55 

17.38 

17.94 

18.22 

19.56 

17.52 

17.86 

18.55 

19.57 

17.60 

17.96 

17.95 

17.80 

17.71 

18.01 

18.56 

19.49 

14.66 

20.55 

21.04 

16.70 

21.76 

18.94 

24.98 

17.90 

25. 12 

20.58

16.21 

16. 20 

21.59 

19.49 

19.67 

18.85 

19.54 

25.02

Density

1. 01448 

1. 01888 

1. 01383 

1. 01384 

-1. 01445 

1. 01599 

1. 01419 

1. 01429 

1. 01418 

1. 01421 

1. 01404 

1. 01416 

1. 01538 

1. 01599 

1.01411 

1. 01437 

1. 01520 

1. 01584 

1. 01409 

1. 01411 

1. 01531 

1. 01570 

1. 01405 

1. 01401 

1. 01494 

1. 01499 

1. 01404 

1. 01407 

1. 01410 

1. 01472 

1. 01394 

1. 01392 

1. 01434 

1. 01537 

1. 01393 

1. 01426 

1. 01505 

1. 01568 

1. 01391 

1. 01437 

1. 01460 

1. 01566 

1. 01401 

1. 01430 

1. 01485 

1. 01565 

1. 01409 

1. 01439 

1. 01430 

1. 01425 

1. 01420 

1. 01444 

1. 01488 

1. 01561 

1. 01053 

1. 01501 

1. 01542 

1.00969 

1. 01411 

1. 01102 

1. 01612 

1. 01176 

1. 01736 

1. 01580

1.01285 

1. 01288 

1.01117 

1, 01475 

1. 01489 

1. 01280 

1. 01346 

1. 01771
146 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERALJ GEOLOGY, 1928 

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at fyl stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 24— Continued

Date and time of collection

1922 

Jan. 22, 3.50 p. m. . __ _ _

Mar. 2Q, 12.35 p. m. ____ _

Tide, etc.

Full ebb; calm_ _______ _____ ___________

Full flood; wind SW., force 1_ __ _ __ __

Depth 

(meters)

0 

10 

15.55 

0 

10 

16.5

Temperature (° C.)

Air

12.22

15.00

Sample

3.9

4.9 

3.9 

8.2 

6.9 

6.8

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

21.46 

23.47 

24.45 

15.69 

18.82 

19.44

Density

1. 01731 

1. 01861 

1. 01946 

1. 01219 

1. 01477 

1. Olo27

Station 25

1920 

Jan. 13, 1.20 p. m _ _ _

May 5, 3.20 p. m.___ __ _ _

July 8, 8.45 a. m _ _ __

Aug. 23, 10.50 a. m._ _______

Oct. 20, 12.54 p. m_ __ ____

Dec. 6, 8.05 a. m_ ________

1921 

Jan. 23, 4.29 p. m_ __ __

Apr. 1, 9.36 p. m_ __ __

May 31, 2 p. m___ ______

1922 

Jan. 22, 2.55 p. m _ _ ______

Mar. 26, 11.37 a. m__ __ __

Slack ebb. _ __ _ _ ___ __ ____ _ _ _

U flood. _ ___ __ _ ___ _ __

}$ flood. _ _ __ ____ __ __ _ _____

Ebb; sea choppy; wind N., force 1 __ .,___

3^ ebb; sea moderate; wind NNE., force 2__

% ebb; calm___ ____ _ __ _______ ___

% flood; sea smooth; wind SW., force 1 _ _

0

7.8

0

7.72

0

Bottom.

0

0

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

0

7. 78

0

13.5

0

8.34

0

8.24

0

8.23

12.2

10.0

24.4

12.22

14.44

0.6

.7

143

14.3

24.8

24.8

26.5

25.3

20.6

19,7

9.6

9.6

5.3

4.6

11.4

11.6

19.4

17.6

4.5

4.9

8.2

7.6

18.83

20.08

17.72

18.27

17.72

17.70

19.41

21.66

17.20

20.99

20.95

20.91

18.05

18.58

21.64

18.92

2492

20.56

22.53

17.61

18.00

1. 01511

1. 01612

1. 01288

1. 01330

1. 01046

1. 01045

1. 01122

1. 01314

1. 01115

1. 01424

1. 01612

1. 01690

1. 01419

1. 01476

1.01635

1. 01274

1. 01771

1. 01635

1. 01887

1. 01369

1. 01406

Station 26

1920 

Jan. 13, 9.01 a. m

Mar. 11, 9.04 a. m_____ _____

May 5, 12.49 p. m__ _ _

July 8, 10.30 a. m__

Ebb__ _____ _ ________ ___ _ __ _

U ebb ___ _ _ _ _ __ ______ ______

% flood. __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ ____

0

22.0

0

10

20

23.7

0

10

20

23.63

0

Bottom.

1.7

1.7

2.7

2.7

2.4

2.4

14.0

13.8

13.8

140

24.9

24.8

20.26

23.84

18.17

19.34

21.48

22.51

15.54

23.06

24.73

2491

17.72

21.99

1. 01626

1. 01910

1. 01453

1. 01547

1. 01716

1. 01801

1. 01127

1« 01707

1. 01834

1. 01845

1. 01044

1. 01354

Station 27

1920 

Jan. 12, 5.38 p. m_ _ ___,

Mar. 11, 11.35 a. m_____-__

May 5, 10.27 a. m._-_._ _ _

July 8, 12.30 p. m_ _ ___

v ^

^ebb_ ________________________________

Slack ___ __. __ ___. _ -__-_- _ -__.__

0

10. 0

0

5

10

0

10

; 0

IBottom.

1.7

1.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

13.8

13. 6

25.3

242

19.74

21.90

18.48

18.23

18. 96

13.95

16.25

17.28

« 22.06

1. 01583

1. 01755

1. 01478

1. 01459

1. 01517

1. 01008

1. 01188

1. 00998

1. 01238
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 147

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 27—Continued

Date and time of collection

1920 — Continued 

Aug. 23, 5.40 a. m ___ _

Oct. 20, 4.42 p. m_ ____ _

Dec. 5, 2.20 p. m ___________

1921 

Jan. 23, 12.27 p. m_ ___ _

Apr. 2, 8.48 a. m ___________

May 31, 10.12 a. m ________

1922 

Jan. 22, 11.15 a. m_ __ _ _

Mar. 26, 8.55 a. m ______

Tide, etc.

% flood __ __ . ___ ___ _ __ ___•

^ ebb; sea tide rips; wind W., force 2_____

Beginning ebb; sea choppy; wind NNE., 

force 3.

M flood; sea smooth; wind SW., force !____

Depth

(meters)

0 

5

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom.

0 

10.07 

0 

8 

0 

9. 15

0 

10.06

0 . 

8.0

Temperature (° C.)

Air

13.3

11.6

19.4

7.78

13.33

Sample

26.0 

25.5 

24.0 

21.3 

19.6 

10. 4 

10.2

5.4 

4.8 

11.4 

11. 1 

19.5 

19. 1

4. 1 

4. 3

7.8 

7.4

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

19.48 

20.79 

24.20 

17.31 

24.53 

21.51 

21.51

18.73 

23.39 

21.14 

21.23 

16. 10 

17.10

20.06 

20.53 

17.83 

18.82

Density

1. 01142 

1. 01255 

1. 01553 

1. 01108 

1. 01694 

1. 01644 

1. 01647

1. 01483 

1. 01856 

1. 01600 

1. 01612 

1. 01057 

1. 01135

1. 01606 

1. 01633 

1. 01390 

1. 01473

Station 28

1920 

Jan. 12, 4.30 p. m__ ___ _

Mar. 11, 1 p.m__ _ _ __ __

May 5, 9.22 a. m.^ _ __

July 8, 1.38 p. m ___________

Aug. 22, 5.05 p. m ____ _

Oct. 20, 5.25 p. m _____ _

Dec. 5, 1.26 p. m __________

"*5&3L 

*v, 

Jan. 23, 11.17 a. m__T_\. __

Apr. 2, 9.43 'aT. m _ _ _ _

May 31, 9.30 a. m __ _

1922 

Jan. 22, 10.15 a. m____ _

Mar. 26, 7.59 a. m__ . _ __

3^ flood _____ _ __ _ _ _____ _

J^ ebb.. -_-_-_--__ — _________________

*A ebb

M flood. _ _ _ _ __ __ _ ___ ___.

Beginning ebbfsea smooth; wind W., force 2_

Ebb; sea smooth; wind NNE., force 1_ _ _

force 3.

Beginning flood; sea smooth; wind SW.,

force 1.

0

12.3

0

5

10

.12.8

0

12. 73

0

0

10

Bottom.

0

Bottom.

0

0 

Bottom.

0

11.6 

0

12. 81 

0

12.81 

0

13

10. 5

11.6

11.6

18.8

18.8 

7.22

7. 22 

12. 22

12.22

1.7

1.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

13.3

13.6

25. 8

22.0

27.0

25. 5

22. 2

20.3

19. 5

10.4

10.2

4. 9 

5.0

11.3

11.3 

19.0

19.0 

3.6

4.5 

7.6

7.6

19.34

22.60

18.44

18.48

19.36

19.64

14. 53

20.65

19. 37

22. 49

19.27

20.99

17. 14

26.44

22. 21

21. 95

19.02 

24.56

22.34

23.01

17.73 

19.67

24.03 

17.42

23.74

1. 01551

1. 01811

1. 01475

1. 01477

1.01548

1. 01570

1. 01018

1. 01525

1. 01135

1. 01480

1. 01104

1. 01270

1. 01116

1. 01842

1. 01701

1. 01681

1. 01510 

1. 01946

1. 01617

1. 01747

1. 01194 

1. 01569

1. 01907 

1. 01360

1. 01855

Station 29

1920 

Jan. 12, 2.40 p. m___ __ _

Mar. 11, 2.53 p. m___

May 5, 7.48 a. m___ __ __.

-

^t flood-. _- _______________ _

\4 ebb _ _

0

12.8

0

5

10

13. 3

0

5

10

. 13. 18

1.7

1.7

3.2

2.9

2.9

2.9

13. 8

13.6

13. 8

13.6

20.34

24.33

18.54

18.97

19.73

20.31

16.07

22.37

19.22

1. 01631

1. 01948

1. 01482

1. 01517

1. 01577

1. 01623

1. 91171

1. 01654

1. 01416
148 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAlj, GEOLOGY, 1928 

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 Rations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 29—Continued

Date and time of collection

1920 — Continued 

JulyS, 2.50 p. m__ _ _ _ _

Aug. 22, 4.16-4.38 p. m___-_

Oct. 21, 6.56-7.26 a. m______

Dec. 5, 12.34-12.51 p. m____

1921 

Jan. 23, 10.10 a. m___ _ ___

Apr. 2, 10.04 a. m_. _______

May 31, 8.22 a. m _ _ _

1922 

Jan. 22, 9.13 a. m_ _ _ __

Mar. 26, 6.56 a. m._ _ __

Tide, etc.

H e^- ---------------------------

^flood______-______-_-_-__-___--___---

% flood; sea smooth; wind W., force 2__ __

Ebb; sea smooth; wind NNE., force 1 _ ___

Full flood; sea choppy; wind NNE., force 3_ 

}4 ebb; heavy swell; wind NW., force !___

Slack; sea smooth; wind SW., force !______

Depth

'(meters)

!

0 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

Bottom.

0 

12. 81 

1 0 

12.81 

0 

12.81

0 

•12.81 

0 

13

Temperature (° C.)

Air

8.3

11.6

18.3

5.56

9.44

Sample

24.8 

22. 1 

27.5 

25. 1 

25. 0 

19.9 

20.0 

10.2 

10.4

5. 0 

5.0 

11.3 

11. 1 

18.9 

16.9

3.8

4.8 

7.8 

6.9

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

18.88 

23.06 

19.20 

24.00 

24.34 

18.96 

23.87 

22.43 

22.50

18. 18 

24.53 

22.72 

23.38

26.98

21. 08 

28.50 

16.65 

22.26

Density

1. 01132 

1. 01853 

1. 01077 

1. 01507 

1. 01536 

1. 01267 

1. 01635 

1. 01718 

1. 01723

1. 01439 

- 1. 01943 

1. 01723 

1. 01777

1. 01946

1. 01679 

1. 02259 

1. 01297 

1. 01744

Station 30

1920

Mar. 11, 4.42 p. m__ ____ _

May 5, 5.50 a. m_ ______

July 8, 4.45 p. m_ __ _ _

Aug. 22, 3.10 p. m _ _ _

Oct. 21, 10 a. m__ _ _

Dec. 5, 10.20 a. m _ __ _

LoaL

Jan. 23, 8.20 a. m_____ _____

Apr. 2, 10.37 a. m ____ _

»

Flood ______________________ _

"

^ebb ___ __ .

%ebb________, ________________________

\/f flood

% flood; sea smooth; wind SW., force 2 ___

Ebb; sea smooth; wind NNE., force 1 _ ___

0

38.5

0

10

20

30

40

42.9

.0

10

20

30

40

42. 72

0

Bottom.

0

10

20

30

40

45. 75

0

! 10

20

30

40

Bottom.

0

10

20

30

40

0

10

20

30 1 40

0

| 10 1 20

30

43.5

7.7

11.6

1.95

1.95

3.4

3.2

3.2

3.2

2.9

2. 9

13.8

13.6

13.6

14.5

13.5

13.5

24.2

21.9

27.0

23.0

22.2 /

21.3 S

21. 2

21.3

20. 4

20. 1

20. 0

19. 4

19.3

19.3

10.3

10.3

10.2

10. 2

10.2

10.2

^4.9

4.8

4. 9

4.8

4.9

4.9

12 1

11.2

11.3

11. 4

11.5

23.32

29.34

18.70

19.62

20. 13

20.81

22. 94

23. 09

20. 87

23.40

23.75

25.32

24.63

21.72

25. 23.

22>C

^•26.94

"* 27. 43

28.09

~ "28: fir

28. 46

21. 99

24.84

26. 18

27. 02

27.08

27.06

22. 78

22.88

22.89

22.86

22.88

23.96

18.36

22.35

24.61

18.74

26.07

25.42

21.56

23. 47

24.62

28. 23

28.27

1. 01867

1. 02347

1. 01493

1. 01567

1. 01606

1. 01661

1. 01831

1. 01843

1. 01539

1. 01737

1. 01863

1. 01886

1. 01833

1. 01361

^ 1. 01689

1. 01736

1. 01787

1. 01847

1. 01920

1. 01930

1. 01948

1. 01482

1. 01705

1. 01809

1. 01888

1. 01895

1. 01903

1 01 74.4.

1. 01752

L 01753

1. 01752

1. 01753

1. 01838

1 01495

1. 01737

1. 01925

1. 01498

1. 02056

1. 02041

1. 01621

1. 01783

i m S7n

1. 02147

1. 02148
SALINITY OF WATER OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 149

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 30—Continued

Date and time of collection

1921 — Continued 

May 31, 5.32 p. m_ _._

1922 

Jan. 22, 7.32 a. m__ ________

Mar. 25, 6.17 p. m __________

Tide, etc.

% flood; sea choppy; wind NNE., force 3_ _

Full flood; sea moderate; wind NNW., 

force 1.

J^ flood; sea smooth; wind SE., force !____

Depth

(meters)

*

0 

10 

20 

30 

43.92

0 

10 

20 

30 

44.83 

0 

10 

20 

30 

41

Temperature (° C.)

Air

16. 6

3.33

15

Sample

18.7 

18.1 

18.0 

17. 1 

17. 1

4.40 

40 

4.5 

4 1 

4.2 

7.3 

7.7 

7.0 

6.7 

6.8

Salinity 

(parts per • 

thousand)

20. 18 

23.30 

26.30 

26.92 

26.85

23.96 

25.21 

25.71 

25.89 

25.88 

19.33 

21.09 

23.91 

25. 10 

25.37

Density

1. 01386 

1. 01639 

1. 01895 

1. 01935 

1. 01930

1.01903 

1.02006 

1. 02040 

1. 02058 

1. 02056 

1. 01512 

1. 01646 

1. 01874 

1. 01971 

1. 01991

Station 31

1920 

Jan. 10, 3.30 p. m_ _ _ ___

Jan. 11, 2.05 p. m_ _________

0

2.7

0

7.3

2.7

2.7

2.4

2.4

21.33

23.78

24.79

25.89

1. 01703

1. 01898

1. 01983

1. 02069

Station 32

1920 

Jan. 10, 3.30 p. m. ________

Mar. 12, 2.39 p. m _ .

May 1, 10.53 a. m._ __ _

Dec. 4, 11.55 a. m ___ __ _

1921 

Jan., 22, 11.02 a. m__ _______

Apr. 2, 3.30 p. m.,_ ______

May 30, 10.49 p. m _________

1922 

Jan. 21, 11.45 a. m._-_ _. _

Mar. 25, 10.18 a. m. ___ __.

-

Beginning flood. ___ ____ ___ ____ _

J^ebb ______ _____ _____ . _____

,

Hebb _________________________________

% ebb; sea smooth; wind SW _ __ __ ___

Flood; sea smooth; wind SE., force 1 _ ____

% ebb; se/i choppy; wind NNE., force 3 _ _

Full flood; wind N. by E., force 2____ _____

0

27

0

10

20

28.8

0

10

20

27.99

0

10

20

Bottom.

0

10

20

27.91

0

10

23

0

10

20

27.81

0

10

20

27.90

0

10

20

27.45

11. 1

13.3

18.8

13.33

14.44

2.7

2.7

4.7

47

4.7

4.7

14.8

14.6

14.8

14.6

9.6

9.6

10.0

10. 1

4.8

4.4

4.4

4.4

13.4

11.6

11.4

19.7

19.6

19.9

16.8

8.9

42

9.4

4.2

7.8

5.6

6.6

6.4

21.33

23.78

17.73

18.22

21.78

28.81

16.34

19.82

24.54

25.78

14. 78

18.01

22.69

17.75

18.82

19.46

21.20

26.30

25.38

31.22

18.72

19.49

25.84

27.63

20. 15

20.99

22.65

23.75

18.38

26.25

27.21

27. 19

1. 01706

1. 01901

1. 01409

1. 01448

1. 01746

1. 02281

1. 01174

1. 01467

1. 01800

1. 01899

1. 01132

1. 01382

1. 01741

1. 01410

1. 01498

1. 01550

1.01688

1.01964

1. 01925

1. 02379

1. 01253

1. 01312

1. 01785

1.02094

1. 01560

1. 01571

1. 01746

1. 01889

1. 01432

1. 02073

1. 02138

1. 02138
150 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41

Station 33

GEOLOGY, 1928 

s ations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Date and time of collection

1920 

Jan. 11, 9.45 a. m __ ____ __

Dec. 4, 2.04 p. m _ _ ___ _

Tide, etc.

1

M flood ___ ____ _ __ __ .... _

__ .__.. —— _. »

• Depth 

(meters)

0 

14.7 

0 

Bottom.

Temperature C° C.)

Air Sample

2.45 

2.45 

10.0 

10.9

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

25.62 

30.88 

20.64 

2& 30

Density

1. 02044 

1. 02462 

1. 01581 

1. 02161

Station 34

1920 

Jan. 11, 11.45 a. m _ ______

Mar. 12, 8.35 a. m _____ _

May 1, 5.32 p. m ___ __ _

,

July 9, 6.07 a. m__ __ _

Aug. 22, 1.12 p. m. _ _ _ __

Oct. 21, 12.43 p. m__ __ _ _

Dec. 5, 7.30 a. m___ _ _ _

1921 

Jan. 22, 4.23 p. m_ _ _____

Apr. 2, 1.22 p. m __ __ _

May 30, 4.09 p. m _ _ ___

1922 

Jan. 21, 4.20 p. m __ __

Mar. 25, 3.33 p. m... ______

^ebb_________________________________

Flood __ __ _ _ __ __ ___ _ __

M flood __ _ _ _ __ _ _____

Fullebb___ _____________ _ _ _____

Slack ebb; sea smooth; wind WSW., force 1_

Ebb; sea smooth; wind NNE., force 1 _______

% flood; sea choppy; wind NE., force 4____

% flood; rain: sea smooth; wind NNE.,

force 3.

Beginning flood; sea smooth; wind SE.,

force 1.

0

16.5

0

10

16.7

0

5

10ia is

0

0

10

18.3

0

10

Bottom.

0

10

Bottom.

0

10

18.30

0

14.64

0

10

18.30

0

10

18. 30

0

10

16.00

10. 0

11.6

17. 7

7.22

17.78

3.2

3.2

3.7

3. 7

3.4

14.0

13.8

13.8

13.6

22.4

18. 2

22.2

21.5

20.9

20.4

20.0

19.8

11. 5

11.2

11.2

5. 1

5. 0

5.5

11.4

10. 1

17. 1

17.0

16.8

4.6

4. 9

5.0

8.0

7.0

7. 1

29.42

30.90

24. 53

27.34

29.80

20.00

20. 02

23. 34

22. 60

29.78

25.40

28. 94

29.73

30. 60

20. 22

29.49

30.38

28. 77

28.86

28.58

28.29

29.98

29.07

29. 01

30. 40

30.30

30.40

28.88

30.35

31.26

24.22

26. 69

25.06

1. 02338

1. 02462

1. 01952

1. 02175

1. 02371

1. 01264

1. 01274

1. 01727

1. 01675

1. 02019

1. 01794

1. 01960

1. 02039

1. 02120

1. 01350

1.02060

1. 02133

1. 02188

1. 02182

1. 02261

1. 02239

1. 02367

1. 02117

1. 02229

1. 02199

1. 02093

1. 02206

1. 02291

1. 02404

1. 02405

1. 01886

1. 02092

1. 01963

Station 35

1920 

Jan. 11, 9.45 a. m_ _________

Mar. 12, 10.28 a. m_ _______

May 1, 3.55 p. m_____ ____

July 9, 7.48 a. m ____ _____

Aug. 22, 11.56 a. m___ . __

Oct. 21, 1.49 p. m__ __ _____

Dec. 4, 5.38 p. m ____ __

Fullebb________________________________

Half flood. __ __ _' ___ _ _ _ __

M flood _______ _ ___ _ _ _ _____ __

Fullflood.. ___________________

0

' 14. 7

0

10

15. 5

0

5

10

I 15. 90 ! o

Bottom.

0

10

0

10

Bottom.

0

10

Bottom.

2.4

2. 4

4.4

4.4

4.4

13.8

13.6

13.8

13. 6

23. 6

18.8

26. 0

19.4

17.3

20.4

19.9

20.3

10.6

10.6

11.0

25.62

30.88

21. 72

30. 29

30.30

25.40

27. 72

28.34

28. 58

21.26

28.08

23. 18

29.09

31.08

21.30

29. 50

29.31

25.29

27.44

27.78

1. 02048

1. 02467

1. 01725

1. 02402

1. 02403

1. 01886

1. 02069

a. 02112

1. 02134

1. 01345

1. 01983

1. 01419

1. 02044

1. 02242

1. 01430

1. 02063

1. 02039

1. 01934

1. 02100

1. 62178
SALINITY OF WATER OJF CHESAPEAKE BAY

TABLE.5.—:Salinity and-density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 35—Continued

151

Date and time of collection

1921 

Jan. 22, 2.54 p. m.__ ___ _

May 30, 3.07 p. m ___ ...

1922 

Jan. 21, 3 p. DA

Mar. 25, 2 p. m__ _________

Tide, etc.

% flood; sea choppy; win^ENE., force 4___

Depth 

(meters)

0 

1011. 1

0 

10 

15,56

0 

10 

15.55 

0 

10 

15.00

Temperature (° C.)

Air

11.1

18.3

13.89

20.00

Sample

, 5.5 

5.4 

5.4 

18.4 

16.5 

16.5

9.5 

11.5 

5.6 

8.3 

6. 5 

6.4

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

21.57 

26.52 

27.43 

24^08

28.84

29.04 

27.44 

24 16 

19.42 

30. 15 

30. 63

Density

1. 01707 

1. 02097 

1. 02168 

1. 01688

1. 02094

1. 02246 

1. 02086 

1. 01908 

1. 01511 

1. 02370 

1. 02408

Station 36

1920 

Jan. 11, 7.50 a. m_____ _____

Mar. 12, 11.46 a. m _____

May 1, 2.02 p. m __ ______

July 9, 9.02 a. m____ _______

Aug. 22, 10.13 a. m ___ ...

Oct. 21, 2.39 p. m_ _________

Dec. 4, 4.25 p. m___________

1921 

Jan. 22, 1.24 p. m_ __ __ ..

Apr. 2, 1.45 p. m__ _ ___ _

May 30, 2 p. m__ _______

1922 

Jan. 21, 2 p. m __ _________

Mar. 25, 12.40 p. m __ _____

Sla 

Sla 

H

'k

ek ebb — ___ _ __ __ _______ ___

aood__ _ __ _ _ __________

Hi

y*

s 

Mo 

M

H 

ZA

iood _______ _ _ _ __ _ _______

ebb; sea smooth; wind SW., force 1; 

jy cloudy.

lood; sea choppy; wind, ENE., force 3__ 

lood; sea choppy; wind SSW., force 2___

•

0 

27 

0 

10 

20 

23.7 

0 

10 

20 

2409 

0 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

Bottom. 

0 

10 

20 

Bottom.

0 

10 

20 

• 22. 87 

0 

10 

23 

0 

10 

22.88

0 

10 

20 

23.79 

0 

10 

24

•

11.6

12.2

18. 8

14. 44

17. 78

3.4 

3.4 

47 

47 

4 4 

44 

14.3 

14. 1 

13.6 

13.8 

242

27.0 

20.2 

17.2 

15.5 

20.4 

19. 9 

19. 7 

10.5 

10.8 

11.3 

11.6

5.9 

6.0 

6.0 

S. 9 

12. 1 

10. 1 

9.9 

19.0 

17.4 

15.2

12.9 

5. 1 

5.9 

5.6 

8.9 

6. 6 

6.5

28. 19 

31. 11 

20.64 

30.38 

30. 70 

30. 74 

19.26 

20. 02 

25.31 

25. 77 

20. 54 

30. 39 

22. 75 

29. 05 

31. 26 

31. 74 

20. 28 

28. 18 

30.97 

25. 20 

28. 76 

30.22 

30.96

19.22 

28.29 

28. 10 

28. 76 

27. 74 

31. 15 

31. 33 

21.98 

27. 91 

30. 13

23. 91 

27.40 

29. 15 

29.26 

18.36 

30.65 

31. 10

, 1. 02245 

1. 02478 

1. 01638 

1. 02407 

1. 02435 

1. 02439 

1. 01407 

1. 01450 

1. 01883 

1. 01914 

1. 01267

1. 01339 

1. 02021 

1. 02263 

1. 02338 

1. 01353 

1. 01937 

1. 02180 

1. 01934 

1. 02199 

1. 02303 

1. 02356

1. 01517 

1. 02229 

1. 02214 

1. 02268 

1. 02097 

1. 02395 

1. 02419 

1. 01509 

1. 02002 

1. 02261

1. 01789 

1. 02169 

1. 02298 

1. 02321 

1. 01420 

1. 02407 

1. 02445
152 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAl) GEOLOGY, 1928

TABLE 5.—Salinity and density of water at different depths at 41 stations in Chesapeake Bay—Continued

Station 37

Date and time of collection

1920 

Aug. 22, 5.48 a. m __________

Tide, etc. Depth 

(meters)

0 

Bottom.

,-t

Temperature (° C.)

Air Sample

21.7

11.0

Salinity 

(parts per 

thousand)

32.55

30.66

Density

1. 02146 

1. 02340

,*• "^

Station 38

1920 

Aug. 21, 11.05 p. m_._- __ . 0 25.3

8. 9

29.74

33.58

1. 01931

1. 02606

Station 39

1920 

Aug. 21, 8.40 p. m. ________ 0

20

Bottom.

24.1

17.8

8.5

29.91

33.26

33.29

1.01886

1. 02396

1. 02586

Station 40

1920 

Aug. 21, 7 p. m ____ ___. 0

20

40

246

10.4

10.5

10.8

29.76

33.65

3413

3445

1. 01854

1. 02489

1. 02620

1.02640

Station 41

1920 

Aug. 21, 5.13 p. m __________ 0

20

40

60

80

25.0

10.5

11. 1

11.3

11.4

10.7

33.84

29.78

. 35.78

38.41

38.45

35.01

1. 02249

1. 02283

1.02740

1. 02940

1. 02941

1. 02687

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