DEPARTMENT OP THE INTERIOR 

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 287

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

1910

PART YIL LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN

PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF M. 0. LEIGHTON

BY 

W. B. FREEMAN AND J. G. MATHERS

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1911

CONTENTS.

Page.

Introduction...........................................-------..---...--- 5

Authority for investigations......-..........---........--------- ----. 5

Scope of investigations................................................ 5

Publications ......................................................... 6

Definition of terms................................................... 10

Convenient equivalents .-..-.............................----.--- .-.-. 10

Explanation of data...._...-...........-........-...-..-.----.-------- 12

Accuracy and reliability of field data and comparative results............. 13

Use of the data...................................................... 15

Cooperative data ..................................................... 15

Cooperation and acknowledgments.................................... 16

Division of work..................................................... 16

Gaging stations maintained in lower Mississippi River basin ................. 17

White River drainage basin............................................... 20

Description.......................................................... 20

White River at Beaver, Ark .......................................... 21

White River near Branson, Mo ....................................... 22

White River near Lead Hill, Ark...................................... 23

White River near Cotter, Ark......................................... 24

White River at Walls Ferry, Ark...................................... 25

Buffalo River near Gilbert, Ark....................................... 25

North Fork River near Henderson, Ark ............................... 26

Little Red River near Pangburn, Ark........................_....... 27

Arkansas River drainage basin ............................................ 28

Description .......................................................... 28

Arkansas River at Granite, Colo....................................... 31

Arkansas River at Salida, Colo ........................................ 33

Arkansas River at Canon City, Colo................................... 35

Arkansas River at Pueblo, Colo ....................................... 37

Arkansas River near Nepesta, Colo .................................... 40

Arkansas River at Holly, Colo ........................................ 41

Twin Lakes Outlet near Twin Lakes, Colo.............................. 43

Clear Creek near Granite, Colo........................................ 44

Cottonwood Creek near Buena Vista, Colo ............................. 46

Chalk Creek near Buena Vista, Colo................................... 47

Oil or Fourmile Creek near Canon City, Colo .......................... 47

Purgatory River drainage basin ....................................... 48

Description ...................................................... 48

Purgatory River at Trinidad, Colo................................. 49

Big Sandy Creek at Hugo, Colo ....................................... 51

Big Sandy Creek at Kit Carson, Colo .................................. 53

Big Spring Creek near Arena, Colo.................................... 53

3
4 CONTENTS.

Arkansas River drainage basin Continued. Page.

Canadian River drainage basin........................................ 55

Description...................................................... 55

Canadian River at Logan, K Mex................................. 56

Chico Rico Creek near Raton, N. Mex............................. 58

Una del Gato Creek near Raton, N. Mex........................... 58

Cimarron River at Ute Park, N. Mex.............................. 59

Rayado River at Abreu's ranch, near Cimarron, N. Mex............ 61

Mora River and La Cueva canal at La Cueva, N. Mex............... 64

Sapello River at Los Alamos, N. Mex .............................. 67

Ute Creek near Logan, N. Mex.................................... 70

Yazoo River drainage basin ............................................... 72

Description .......................................................... 72

Tallahatchie River at Batesville, Miss.................................. 73

Tallahatchie River at Philipp, Miss.................................... ' 74

Yazoo River at Greenwood, Miss...................................... 76

Coldwater River at Savage, Miss....................................... 77

Yalobusha River at Grenada, Miss..................................... 79

Sunflower River near Ruleville, Miss .................................. 81

Sunflower River at Baird, Miss........................................ 82

Red River drainage basin ................................................. 83

Description .......................................................... 83

Wichita River at Wichita Falls, Tex................................... 84

Miscellaneous measurements in lower Mississippi River drainage basin....... 85

Index................................................................... 87

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Page. 

PLATE I. Typical gaging stations: A, For bridge measurement; B, For

wading measurement......................................... 12

II. Price penta-recording current meters ............................ 12
SUKFACE WATEK SUPPLY OF THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI

BASIN, 1910.

By W. B. FREEMAN and J. G. MATHERS.

INTRODUCTION.

AUTHORITY FOR INVESTIGATIONS.

This volume contains results of measurements of the flow of certain 

streams in the United States. The work was performed by the 

water-resources branch of the United States Geological Survey, either 

independently or in cooperation with private or State organizations. 

The organic law of the Geological Survey (Stat. L., vol. 20, p. 394) 

contains the following paragraph:

Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the geological 

survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the geological structure, 

mineral resources, and products of the national domain.

As water is the most abundant and most valuable of the minerals 

the investigation of water resources is authorized under the provision 

for examining mineral resources. The work has been supported since 

the fiscal year ending June 30, 1895, by appropriations in successive 

sundry civil bills passed by Congress under the following item:

For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, and 

for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, and for the preparation of reports upon the best methods of utilizing the water resources.

The various appropriations that have been made for this purpose 

are as follows:

Annual appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30 

1895................................................................. $12,500

1896................................................................. 20,000

1897 to 1900, inclusive .............................................. 50,000

1901 to 1902, inclusive............................................... 100,000

1903 to 1906, inclusive............................................... 200,000

1907..............................................;.................. 350,000

1908 to 1910, inclusive............................................... 100,000

1911................................................................. 150,000

SCOPE OF INVESTIGATIONS.

These investigations are not complete nor do they include all 

streams that might be advantageously studied. The scope of the

5
6 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

work is limited by the appropriations available. The field covered is 

the widest and the character of the work is believed to be the best 

possible under the controlling conditions. The work would undoubtedly have greater scientific importance and ultimately be of 

more practical value if the money now expended for wide areas wfere 

concentrated on a few small drainage basins, but such a course is 

impossible because general appropriations made by Congress are 

applicable to all parts of the country. Each part demands its proportionate share of the benefits.

It is essential that records of stream flow shall be kept during a 

period of years long enough to determine within reasonable limits the 

entire range of flow from the absolute maximum to the absolute 

minimum. The length of such a period manifestly differs for different 

streams. Experience has shown that the records for some streams 

should cover 5 to 10 years, and those for other streams 20 years or 

even more, the limit being determined by the relative importance of 

the stream and the interdependence of the results with other longtime records on adjacent streams.

In the performance of this work an effort is made to reach the 

highest degree of precision possible with a reasonable expenditure of 

time and a judicious expenditure of a small amount of money. In all 

engineering work there is a point beyond which refinement is needless 

and wasteful, and this statement applies with especial force to streamflow measurements. It is confidently believed that the stream-flow 

data presented in the publications of the Survey are in general sufficiently accurate for all practical purposes. Many of the records are, 

however, of insufficient length, owing to the unforeseen reduction of 

appropriations and consequent abandonment of stations. All persons 

are cautioned to exercise the greatest care in using such incomplete 

records.

Records have been obtained at nearly 2,000 different points in the 

United States. The surface water supply of small areas in Seward 

Peninsula and the Yukon-Tanana region, Alaska, and in Hawaii has 

also been investigated. During 1910 regular gaging stations were 

maintained by the Survey and cooperating organizations at about 

1,100 points in the United States, and many discharge measurements 

were made at other points. Data were also obtained in regard to 

precipitation, evaporation, storage reservoirs, river profiles, and water 

power in many sections of the country and will be made available in 

the regular surface water-supply papers and in special papers from 

time to time.

PUBLICATIONS.

The data on stream flow collected by the United States Geological 

Survey have appeared in the annual reports, bulletins, and water-
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN.

supply papers. Owing to natural processes of evolution and to 

changes in governmental requirements, the character of the work 

and the territory covered by these different publications have varied 

greatly. For the purpose of uniformity in the presentation of reports 

a general plan has been agreed upon by the United States Reclamation Service, the United States Forest Service, the United States 

Weather Bureau, and the United States Geological Survey, according 

to which the area of the United States has been divided into^ twelve 

parts, whose boundaries coincide with certain natural drainage lines. 

The areas so described are indicated by the following list of papers on 

surface water supply for 1910. The dividing line between the North 

Atlantic and South Atlantic drainage areas lies between York and 

James rivers.

Papers on surface water supply of the United States, 1910.

Part.

I

II

III

IV

V 

VI

VII 

VIII

IX

X

XI

XII

No.

281

282

283

284

285 

286

287 

288

289

290

291

292

Title.

North Atlantic coast.

South Atlantic coast and eastern Gulf of Mexico.

Ohio River basin.

St. Lawrence River basin.

Upper Mississippi River and Hudson Bay basins. 

Missouri River basin.

Lower Mississippi River basin. 

Western Gulf of Mexico.

Colorado River basin.

Great Basin.

California.

North Pacific coast.

The following table gives the character of data regarding stream 

flow at regular stations to be found in the various publications of the 

United States Geological Survey, exclusive of special papers:

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey. 

[A.= Annual Report; B.= Bulletin; W. S.= Water-Supply Paper.]

Report.

10th A.,pt. 2... ........

llthA.,pt. 2...........

12th A., pt. 2...........

Uth A., pt. 2.... .......

B.131..................

16th A., pt. 2...........

B. 140.......... ........

W.S. 11. ..............

18th A., pt. 4...........

W.S. 15.. .............

W.S. 16.. .............

Character of data.

.....do........................................................

Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, ratings, and 

monthly discharge (also many data covering earlier years).

Descriptions, measurements, ratings, and monthly discharge 

(also similar data for some earlier years). 

Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights, eastern United 

States, eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River above 

junction with Kansas. 

Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights, western Mississippi River below junction of Missouri and Platte, and westem United States.

Year.

1884 to Sept., 

1890. 

1884 to June 30, 

1891. 

1884 to Dec. 31. 

1892. 

1888 to Dec. 31, 

1893. 

1893 and 1894.

1895.

1896. 

1895 and 1896.

1897. 

1897.
8 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey Continued.

Report.

19thA.,pt.4...........

W.S. 27. ..............

W. S. 28...............

20th A., pt. 4...........

W.S. 35 to 39..........

21st A., pt. 4. ..........

W.S. 47 to 52..........

22d A., pt. 4.. .........

W.S. 65, 66............

W.S. 75.. .............

W.S. 82 to 85. .........

W. S. 97 to 100.. .......

W.S. 124 to 135........

W.S. 165 to 178........

W.S. 201 to 214........

W. S. 241 to 252........

W. S. 261 to 272........

W. S. 281 to 292........

Character of data.

(also some long-time records).

eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River.

western United States.

.....do........................................................

.... .do. .......................................................

.....do........................................................

Year.

1897.

1898.

1898.

1898.

1899.

1899

1900.

1900.

1901.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

1905.

1906.

1907-8.

1909.

1910.

NOTE. No data regarding stream flow are given in the 15th and 17th annual reports.

The records at most of the stations discussed in these reports 

extend over a series of years. An index of the reports containing 

records prior to 1904 has been published in Water-Supply Paper 119.

The first table which follows gives, by years and drainage basins, 

the numbers of the papers on surface-water supply published from 

1899 to 1909. Wherever the data for a drainage basin appear in two 

papers the number of one is placed in parentheses and the portion of 

the basin covered by that paper is indicated in the second table. For 

example, in 1904 the data for Missouri River were published in WaterSupply Papers 130 and 131, and the portion of the records contained 

in Water-Supply Paper 131, as indicated by the second table, is that 

relating to Platte and Kansas rivers.

Numbers of water-supply papers containing results of stream measurements, 1899-1910.

Atlantic coast and eastern Gulf of Mexico: 

New England rivers. . ...........................

Hudson River to Delaware River, inclusive ..... 

Susquehanna River to York River, inclusive. . . .

Mississippi River: 

Ohio River. . ....................................

Western Gulf of Mexico .............................

Pacific coast and Great Basin:

Great Basin. ..........................:.........

South Pacific coast to Klamath River, inclusive.

1899o

35

35 

35 

(35), 36

36

36

36

36

(36,37)

37

37

(37), 38

38, (39)

(38), 39

19006

47

47, (48) 

48 

48

48

49

48, (49)

49

49, (50)

50

50

50

51

51

51

1901

65,75

65,75 

65,75 

65,75

65,75

65,75

66,75

65,75

65,75

66,75

( 6?75 I bo, 7o 

66,75

66,75

66,75

66,75 

66,75

1902

82

82 

82

/oo\ 09

83

(82), 83

85

83

83

84

}

/oq\ oj

84

85

85

85 

85

1903

97

97 

97 

(97), 98

98

97

100

98

98, (99)

(98), 99

99

100

100

100 

100

o Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 35-39 contained in Water-Supply Paper 39. 

& Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 47-52 and data on precipitation, wells, and irrigation 

in California and Utah contained in Water-Supply Paper 52.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN.

Numbers of water-supply papers containing results of stream measurements, 1899-1910 

Continued.

Atlantic coast and eastern Gulf of Mexico:

Hudson River to Delaware River, inSusquehanna River to York River, inJames River to Yadkin River, inclusive. 

Santee River to Pearl River, inclusive . .

Hudson Bay ................................

Mississippi River: 

Ohio River.............................

Western Gulf of Mexico. ....................

Pacific coast and Great Basin:

South Pacific coast to Klamath River,

1904

124

125

126

126 

127

129

130

128

128, (130)

130, (131)

(128), 131

132

133, (134)

133, (134)

134

135

1905

165

166

167

167 

168 

170

171

169

171

172

(169), 173

174

175, (177)

176, (177)

177

(177), 178

1906

201

202

203

203 

204 

206

207

205

207

208

(205), 209

210

211, (213)

212, (213)

213

214

1907-8

241

241

241

242 

242 

244

245

243

245

246

247

248

249, (251)

250, (251)

251

252

1909

261

261

261

262 

262

264

265

263

265

266

267

268

269, (271)

270, (271)

271

272

^10

281

281

281

282 

282

284

285

283

285

286

287

288

/ 289

\ (291) 

/ 290.

I (291) 

291

292

Numbers of water-supply papers containing data covering portions of drainage basins.

No.

35 

36 

37 

38 

39 

48 

49 

50

65 

82

83 

97 

98 

99 

128 

130 

131

134 

169

177

205 

213 

251 

271 

291

River basin.

Ohio..............................

[Colorado ..........................

\GreatBasin.......................

[Colorado. .........................

[Great Basin. ......................

Tributaries included.

Gallatin. 

Green, Gunnison, Grand above junction with Gunnison. 

Except Kings and Kern. 

Mohave. 

Wissahickon and Schuylkill. 

Scioto. 

Loup and Platte near Columbus, Nebr. All tributaries below 

junction with Platte. 

Yazoo.

Lake Ontario, tributaries to St. Lawrence River proper. 

Yazoo.

Do. 

Tributaries from the west. 

Yazoo. 

Tributaries from the west. 

Platte, Kansas. 

Data near Yuma. Ariz., repeated. 

Susan, Owens, Mohave. 

Yazoo. 

Below junction with Gila. 

Susan repeated, Owens, Mohave. 

Rogue, Umpqua, Siletz. 

Yazoo, Homochitto. 

Data at Hardyville repeated; at Yuma, Salton Sea. 

Owens, Mohave.

Yuma and Salton Sea stations repeated. 

Owens River basin.

The order of treatment of stations in any basin in these papers is 

downstream. The main stem of any river is determined by measuring 

or estimating the drainage area; that is, the headwater stream 

having the largest drainage area is considered the continuation of 

the main stream and local changes in name and lake surface are 

disregarded. Records for all stations from the source to the mouth 

of the main stem of the river are presented first, and records for
10 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

the tributaries in regular order from source to mouth follow, all 

records in each tributary basin being given before those of the 

next basin below.

The exceptions to this rule occur in the records for Mississippi 

River, which are given in four parts, as indicated above, and in 

the record for large lakes, where it is simpler to take up the streams 

in regular order around the rim of the lake than to cross back and 

forth over the lake surface.

DEFINITION OF TERMS.

The volume of water flowing in a stream the "run-off" or " discharge" is expressed in various terms, each of which has become 

associated with a certain class of work. These terms may be divided 

into two groups: (1) Those which represent a rate of flow, as secondfeet, gallons per minute, miner's inches, and run-off in second-feet 

per square mile, and (2) those which represent the actual quantity 

of water, as run-off in depth in inches and acre-feet. The units 

used in this series of reports are second-feet, and feet per square 

mile, and run-off in inches, and acre-feet. They may be defined 

as follows:

"Second-foot" is an abbreviation for cubic foot per second and 

is the rate of discharge of water in a stream 1 foot wide, 1 foot deep, 

at a rate of 1 foot per second. It is generally used as a fundamental 

unit from which others are computed by the use of the factors given 

in the following table of equivalents:

"Second-feet per square mile" is the average number of cubic 

feet of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, 

on the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly both 

as regards time and area.

"Run-off in inches" is the depth to which the drainage area 

would be covered if all the water flowing from it in a given period 

were conserved and uniformly distributed on the surface. It is 

used for comparing run-off with rainfall, which is usually expressed 

in depth in inches.

"Acre-foot" is equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet, and is the quantity 

required to cover an acre to the depth of 1 foot. It is commonly 

used in connection with storage for irrigation work.

CONVENIENT EQUIVALENTS.

The following is a list of convenient equivalents for use in hydraulic 

computations:

1 second-foot equals 40 California miner's inches (law of Mar. 23, 1901). 

1 second-foot equals 38.4 Colorado miner's inches.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 11

1 second-foot equals 40 Arizona miner's inches.

1 second-foot equals 7.48 United States gallons per second; equals 448.8 gallons per 

minute; equals 646,272 gallons for one day. 

1 second-foot equals 6.23 British imperial gallons per second. 

1 second-foot for one year covers 1 square mile 1.131 feet or 13.572 inches deep. 

1 second-foot for one year equals 31,536,000 cubic feet. 

1 second-foot equals about 1 acre-inch per hour. 

1 second-foot for one day covets 1 square mile 0.03719 inch deep. 

1 second-foot for one 28-day month covers 1 square mile 1.041 inches deep. 

1 second-foot for one 29-day month covers 1 square mile 1.079 inches deep. 

1 second-foot for one 30-day month covers 1 square mile 1.116 inches deep. 

1 second-foot for one 31-day month covers 1 square mile 1.153 inches deep. 

1 second-foot for one day equals 1:983 acre-feet. 

1 second-foot for one 28-day month equals 55.54 acre-feet. 

1 second-foot for one 29-day month equals 57.52 acre-feet. 

1 second-foot for one 30-day month equals 59.50 acre-feet. 

1 second-foot for one 31-day month equals 61.49 acre-feet. 

100 California miner's inches equals 18.7 United States gallons per second. 

100 California miner's inches equals 96 Colorado miner's inches. 

100 California miner's inches for one day equals 4.96 acre-feet. 

100 Colorado miner's inches equals 2.60 second-feet. 

100 Colorado miner's inches equals 19.5 United States gallons per second. 

100 Colorado miner's inches equals 104 California miner's inches. 

100 Colorado miner's inches for one day equals 5.17 acre-feet. 

100 United States gallons per minute equals 0.223 second-foot. 

100 United States gallons per minute for one day equals 0.442 acre-foot, 

1,000,000 United States gallons per day equals 1.55 second-feet. 

1,000,000 United States gallons equals 3.07 acre-feet. 

1,000,000 cubic feet equals 22.95 acre-feet. 

1 acre-foot equals 325,850 gallons.

1 inch deep on 1 square mile equals 2,323,200 cubic feet. 

1 inch deep on 1 square mile equals 0.0737 second-foot per year. 

1 foot equals 0.3048 meter. 

1 mile equals 1.60935 kilometers. 

1 mile equals 5,280 feet. 

1 acre equals 0.4047 hectare. 

1 acre equals 43,560 square feet. 

1 acre equals 209 feet square, nearly. 

1 square mile equals 2.59 square kilometers. 

1 cubic foot equals 0.0283 cubic meter. 

1 cubic foot equals 7.48 gallons. 

1 cubic foot of water weighs 62.5 pounds. 

1 cubic meter per minute equals 0.5886 second-foot. 

1 horsepower equals 550 foot-pounds per second. 

1 horsepower equals 76 kilogram-meters per second. 

1 horsepower equals 746 watts. 

1 horsepower equals 1 second-foot falling 8.80 feet. 

1J horsepower equals about 1 kilowatt.

m , , , , . ,, Sec.-ft.Xfallin feet . ,

To calculate water power quickly: ^= =net horsepower on water

wheel realizing 80 per cent of theoretical power.
12 ST7BFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII. 

EXPLANATION OF DATA.

For each drainage basin there is given a brief general description 

covering such items as area, source, tributaries, topography, geology, 

forestation, rainfall, irrigation, storage, power, and other interesting 

and important facts.

For each regular current-meter gaging station the following data, 

so far as available, are given: Description of station, list of discharge 

measurements, table of daily gage heights, table of daily discharges, 

table of monthly and yearly discharges and run-off. For stations 

located at weirs or dams the gage-height table is omitted.

In addition to statements regarding the location and installation 

of current-meter stations, the descriptions give information in regard to any conditions which may affect the constancy of the relation 

of gage height to discharge, covering such points as ice, logging, 

shifting channels, and backwater; also information regarding diversions which decrease the total flow at the measuring section. Statements are also made regarding the accuracy and reliability of the 

data.

The discharge-measurement table gives the results of the discharge measurements made during the year, including the date, 

name of hydrographer, width and area of cross section, gage height, 

and discharge in second-feet.

The table of daily gage heights records the daily fluctuations of 

the surface of the river as found from the mean of the gage readings 

taken each day. At most stations the gage is read in the morning 

and in the evening. The gage height given in the table represents 

the elevation of the surface of the water above the zero of the gage. 

All gage heights affected by the presence of ice in the streams or by 

backwater from obstructions are published as recorded, with suitable footnotes. The rating table is not applicable for such periods 

unless the proper corrections to the gage heights are known and 

applied. Attention is called to the fact that the zero of the gage is 

placed at an arbitrary datum and has no relation to zero flow or 

the bottom of the river. In general, the zero is located somewhat 

below the lowest known flow, so that negative readings shall not 

occur.

The discharge measurements and gage heights are the base data 

from which rating tables, daily discharge tables, and monthly discharge tables are computed.

The rating table gives, either directly or by interpolation, the discharge in second-feet corresponding to every stage of the river 

recorded during the period for which it is applicable. It is not published in this report, but can be determined from the daily gage
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 287 PLATE I

A. FOR BRIDGE MEASUREMENT.

S. FOR WADING MEASUREMENT.

TYPICAL GAGING STATIONS.

U. 6. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 287 PLATE II

SMALL PRICE CURRENT METERS.

LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 13

tie 

anl

curve

heights and daily discharges, 

lished results as follows:

First plot the discharge m> 

years on cross-section paper 

and discharge in second-feet 

of gage heights taken from 

plete range of stage given 

days selected from the daily 

cross-section paper. The las 

curve used and will lie amon 

After drawing the rating 

off the discharge in second-f 

These values should be so a 

always be increasing or 

conditions.

The table of daily dischar 

corresponding to the observe! 

rating tables.

In the table of monthly dis 

gives the mean flow, as 

when the mean gage height 

mean for the day, it does no 

water surface was at crest hei 

consequently larger than gi 

wise in the column of "Mi 

flow for the day when the 

headed "Mean" is the aver* 

during the month. On this 

columns, which are denned 01

The field methods used in 

this series of reports are de< 

Water-Supply Papers 261 to 

of the United States, 1909." 

and indicates the method of 

shows the various types of

asurements for the current and earlier 

i\nith gage heights hi feet as ordinates 

is abscissas. Then tabulate a number 

daily gage height table for the cornthe corresponding discharges for the 

lischarge table and plot the values on 

points plotted will define the rating 

the plotted discharge measurements. 

, a table can be developed by scaling 

et for each tenth foot of gage height, 

ljusted that the first differences shall 

constant, except for known backwater

es gives the discharges in second-feet 

gage heights as determined from the

deten lined

Limn 

me* n

ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY

The accuracy of stream-fl61; 

conditions at the gaging stat 

which the data are collected.

for the purpose of verifying the pubharge the column headed "Maximum" 

from the rating table, for the day 

as highest. As the gage height is the

indicate correctly the stage when the 

ht, and the corresponding discharge was 

en in the maximum column. Likeum" the quantity given is the mean 

gage height was lowest. The column 

ge flow in cubic feet for each second

the computations for the remaining

page 10, are based.

lie collection of the data presented in 

;ribed in the introductory sections of 

272, inclusive, " Surf ace water supply

Plate I shows typical gaging stations 

uspending the current meter; Plate II 

current meters * used in the work.

OF FIELD DATA AND COMPARATIVE 

RESULTS.

data depends primarily on the natural 

on and on the methods and care with 

Errors of the first group depend on the

> See Hoyt, J. C., and others, Use and cai 

Geol. Survey; Trans. Am. Soo. Civil Eng.,

of the current meter as practiced by the United States 

1. 66,1910, p. 70.
14 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

degree of permanency of channel and of the relation of discharge to 

stage.

Errors of the second class are due, first, to errors in observation 

of stage; second, to errors in measurements of flow; and, third, to 

errors due to misinterpretation of stage and flow data.

Practically all discharge measurements made under fair conditions 

are well within 5 per cent of the true discharge at the time of observation. Inasmuch as the errors of meter measurements are largely 

compensating, the mean rating curve, when well defined, is much 

more accurate than the individual measurements. Numerous experiments made to test the accuracy of current-meter work show that it 

compares very favorably with the results from standard weirs and, 

owing to simplicity of methods, usually gives results that are much 

more reliable than those from stations at dams, where the coefficient 

may be uncertain and conditions of flow are complicated.

The work is, of course, dependent on the reliability of the gage 

observers. With comparatively few exceptions, the observers perform their work honestly. The records are, however, closely watched, 

and the cause of any discrepancy is investigated. It is obvious that 

one gage reading a day does not always give the mean height for that 

day. As an almost invariable rule, however, errors from this source 

are compensating and virtually negligible in the period of one month, 

although a single day's reading may, when taken by itself, be considerably in error.

An effort is made to visit every station at least once each year for 

the purpose of making a measurement to determine the constancy of 

conditions of flow since the last measurement made the preceding 

year and also to check the elevation of the gage. On account of lack 

of funds or for other causes some stations were not visited during the 

current year. If conditions of flow have been reasonably permanent 

up to the time of the last preceding measurement, it is considered 

best to publish estimates of discharge based on the latest verified 

rating curve rather than to omit them altogether, although it should 

be distinctly understood that such records are at times subject to 

considerable error. This is also true, although to a less degree, of 

the period of records since the date of the last measurement of the 

current year. As a rule, the accuracy notes are based on the assumption that the rating curve used is strictly applicable to the current 

year.

In order to give engineers and others information regarding the 

probable accuracy of the computed results, footnotes are added to 

the daily-discharge tables, stating the probable accuracy of the 

rating tables used, and an accuracy column is inserted in the monthlydischarge table. For the rating tables "well defined" indicates, in 

general, that the rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent;
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 15

"fairly well defined," within 10 per cent; "poorly defined" or "approximate," within 15 to 25 per cent. These notes are very general 

and are based on the plotting of the individual measurements with 

reference to the mean rating curve.

The accuracy column in the monthly-discharge table does not 

apply to the maximum or minimum nor to any individual day, but 

to the monthly mean. It is based on the accuracy of the rating, the 

probable reliability of the observer, and knowledge of local conditions. 

In this column, A indicates that the mean monthly flow is probably 

accurate within 5 per cent; B, within 10 per cent; C, within 15 per 

cent; D, within 25 per cent. Special conditions are covered by 

footnotes.

USE OF THE DATA.

In general, the base data which are collected in the field each year 

by the Survey engineers are published, not only to comply with the 

law but also for the express purpose of giving to any engineer the 

opportunity of examining the computed results and of changing and 

adjusting them as may be seem best to him. Although it is believed 

that the rating tables and computed monthly discharges are as good as 

the base data up to and including the current year will warrant, it 

should always be borne in mind that the additional data collected at 

each station from year to year nearly always throw new light on data 

already collected and published and hence allow more or less improvement in the computed results of earlier years. It is therefore 

expected that the engineer who makes serious use of the figures presented in these papers will verify all ratings and make such adjustments for earlier years as may seem necessary. The work of compiling, studying, revising, and republishing data for different drainage basins for 5 or 10 year periods or more is carried on by the United 

States Geological Survey so far as the funds for such work are 

available.

The estimates in the table of monthly discharge are so arranged as 

to give only a general idea of the conditions of flow at the station, and 

it is not expected that they will be used for other than preliminary 

estimates.

The daily discharges are published to allow a more detailed study of 

the variation in flow and to determine the periods of deficient flow.

COOPERATIVE DATA.

Cooperative data of various kinds and data regarding the run-off at 

many stations maintained wholly by private funds are incorporated 

in the surface-water supply reports of the United States Geological 

Survey.
16 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Many stations throughout the country are maintained for specific 

purposes by private parties, who supply the records gratuitously to 

the United States Geological Survey for publication. When such 

records are furnished by responsible parties and appear to be reasonably accurate, they are verified, so far as possible, and estimated 

values of accuracy are given. Records clearly worthless or misleading 

are not published. As it is, however, impossible to completely verify 

all such records furnished because of lack of funds or for other 

causes they are published for what they are worth, as they are of 

value as a matter of record and afford at least approximate information regarding stream flow at the particular localities. The Survey 

does not, however, assume any responsibility for inaccuracies found 

in such records, although most of them are believed to be reasonably 

good.

COOPERATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

Special acknowledgment is due to the following persons: Mr. 

Charles W. Comstock, State engineer of Colorado, who has paid the 

gage observers at most of the stations in the Arkansas River basin 

in Colorado and has been of much assistance to the work in other 

ways.

The Territorial engineer of New Mexico, Mr. Vernon L. Sullivan, 

who has assisted in maintaining the gaging stations on the Canadian 

River basin in New Mexico by bearing at least half of the expense of 

carrying on this work and also by giving special attention to it.

Thanks are also due to the Central Land & Irrigation Co. for bearing 

the expense of records received in the Big Sandy River basin, and to 

the United States Forest Service for records furnished on the upper 

areas of the Arkansas River basin.

The Tallahatchie drainage commission bore the expenses of stations 

in the Yazoo River basin.

The State geologist of Arkansas, A. H. Purdue, maintained several 

stations in the White River basin, the results being published by the 

United States Geological Survey.

DIVISION OF WORK.

Field data in the Arkansas River basin in Colorado were collected 

under the direction of W. B. Freeman, district engineer, assisted by 

J. B. Stewart, G. H. Russell, G. J. Lyon, E. O. Chrisfciansen, Thomas 

Grieve, and other assistants furnished by the State engineer of 

Colorado.

The field data for the Canadian River basin were collected under the 

direction of W. B. Freeman, district engineer, assisted byJ. B. Stewart, 

C. D. Miller, and W.W. Mills. Mr.V. L. Sullivan, Territorial engineer, 

gave special attention to the New Mexico work.
IX>WBB MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 17

The field data for the Yazoo River basin were collected by engineers 

of the Tallahatchie drainage commission.

The field data in the White River basin were collected by W. N. 

Gladson.

The rating curves were made by W. B. Freeman, M. R. Hall, G. C. 

Stevens, and J. G. Mathers. The computations were made by J. G. 

Mathers, H. D. Padgett, J. J. Phelan, J. B. Stew art, and A. H. 

Tuttle. The completed data were prepared for publication by 

J. G. Mathers. The manuscript was edited by Mrs. B. D. Wood.

OAOINO STATIONS MAINTAINED IN THE IiOWEB MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN.

The following list comprises the gaging stations maintained in the 

lower Mississippi River drainage basin by the United States Geological Survey and cooperative parties. Data for these stations have 

been published in the reports listed on page 9. The stations are 

arranged by river basins, in downstream order, tributaries of main 

streams being indicated by indention:

Meramec River basin.

Meranaec River near Meramec, Mo., 1903-1906. 

Meramec River near Eureka, Mo., 1903-1906. 

Meramec River (Station No. 1) at Fenton, Mo., 1903. 

Meramec River (Station No. 2) below Fenton, Mo., 1903.

Meramec Spring near Meramec, Mo., 1903-1906.

Courtois Creek at Scotia, Mo., 1905-6.

White River basin.

White River at Beaver, Ark., 1909-10. 

White River near Branson, Mo., 1909-10. 

White River near Lead Hill, Ark., 1909-10. 

White River near Cotter, Ark., 1909-10. 

White River at Walls Ferry, Ark., 1909-10.

Buffalo River near Gilbert, Ark., 1909-10.

North Fork River near Henderson, Ark., 1909-10.

Greer Spring at Greer, Mo., 1904.

Little Red River near Pangburn, Ark., 1909-10.

Arkansas River basin.

Arkansas River, East Fork, near Leadville, Colo., 1890, 1903. 

Arkansas River at Granite, Colo., 1895, 1897-1899, 1901, 1910. 

Arkansas River at Salida, Colo., 1895-1903, 1909-10. 

Arkansas River at Canon City, Colo., 1888-1910. 

Arkansas River near Rock Canyon, Colo., 1889. 

Arkansas River above Pueblo, Colo., 1885-1887. 

Arkansas River at Pueblo, Colo., 1894-1910. 

Arkansas River near Nepesta, Colo., 1897-1903, 1910. 

Arkansas River near Manzanola, Colo., 1898. 

Arkansas River near Rocky Ford, Colo., 1897-1903.

8825° WSP 287 IX 2
18 SURFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1910, PAET VII.

Arkansas River at La Junta, Colo., 1889, 1893-1895, 1903, 1908.

Arkansas River near Las Animas, Colo, 1898.

Arkansas River near Prowers, Colo., 1900, 1901, 1903.

Arkansas River near Amity canal head-gates, Colo., 1898-99.

Arkansas River near Granada, 1898-1901, 1904.

Arkansas River near Barton (Byron), Colo., 1893-94, 1901-2.

Arkansas River at Holly, Colo., 1907-1910.

Arkansas River near Syracuse, Kans., 1903-1906.

Arkansas River near Coolidge, Kans., 1903.

Arkansas River near Dodge, Kans., 1902-1906.

Arkansas River near Hutchinson, Kans., 1895-1905.

Arkansas River near Arkansas City, Kans., 1902-1906.

, Arkansas River, Tennessee Fork, near Leadville, Colo., 1890, 1903.

Arkansas River, Lake Fork, near Arkansas Junction, Colo., 1903.

Arkansas River, Lake Fork, near Leadville, Colo., 1890.

Lake Creek near Twin Lakes, Colo., 1899-1900.

Twin Lakes outlet near Twin Lakes, Colo., 1910.

Clear Creek near Granite, Colo., 1890, 1910.

Cottonwood Creek near Buena Vista, Colo., 1910.

Cottonwood Creek, Middle Fork, near Buena Vista, Colo., 1890.

Cottonwood Creek, South Fork, near Buena Vista, Colo., 1890.

Chalk Creek near Buena Vista, Colo., 1910.

Grape Creek near Canon City, Colo., 1907-1909.

Oil or Fourmile Creek near Canon City, Colo., 1910.

Huerfano River near Undercliffe, Colo., 1908. 

Cucharas River at Walsenburg, Colo., 1907-8.

Purgatory River at Trinidad, Colo., 1896-1899, 1905-1910.

Purgatory River near Canon Entrance (Alfalfa), Colo., 1905-1907.

Purgatory River near J. J. ranch, Colo., 1898.

Purgatory River near Las Animas, Colo., 1889.

Big Sandy Creek at Hugo, Colo., 1910.

Big Sandy Creek at Kit Carson, Colo., 1910. 

Big Spring Creek near Arena, Colo., 1910.

Walnut River near Arkansas City, Kans., 1902-3.

Arkansas River, Salt Fork, near Alva, Okla., 1904-5.

Arkansas River, Salt Fork, near Tonkawa, Okla., 1903-1905. 

Medicine River near Kiowa, Kans., 1895-96.

Cimarron River near Arkalon, Kans., 1895-96, 1903-1905.

Cimarron River near Kenton, Okla., 1904-5.

Cimarron River near Garrett, Okla., 1905-1907.

Cimarron River near Waynoka, Okla., 1903-1905.

Verdigris River near Independence, Kans., 1904.

Verdigris River near Liberty, Kans., 1895-1903.

Verdigris River near Catoosa, Okla., 1903-1905. 

Fall River near Fall River, Kans., 1904-5.

Neosho River near Neosho Rapids, Kans., 1904.

Neosho River near lola, Kans., 1895-1903.

Neosho River near Humboldt, Kans., 1904.

Neosho River (or Grand River) near Fort Gibson, Okla., 1899, 1903-1905.

Canadian River near Logan, N. Mex. ? 1905, 1909-10.

Canadian River at Calvin, Okla., 1904-1908.

Chico Rico Creek near Raton, N. Mex., 1910. 

Una del Gato Creek near Raton, N. Mex., 1910.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 19

Arkansas River Continued. 

Canadian River Continued.

Cimarron River at Ute Park, N. Mex., 1907-1910. 

Cimarron River at Springer, N. Mex., 1907-1909.

Rayado River at Abreu's ranch, near Cimarron, N. Mex., 1909-10. 

Rayado River near Springer, N. Mex., 1907-1909. 

Mora River and La Cueva canal at La Cueva, N. Mex., 1903-1910. 

Mora River near.Weber, N. Mex., 1903-4. 

Mora River near Watrous, N. Mex., 1894-1896. 

Sapello River at Sapello, N. Mex., 1903-4. 

Sapello Mill tailrace at Sapello, N. Mex., 1903-4. 

Sapello River at Los Alamos, N. Mex., 1903-1910.

Manuelitos River near Sapello, N. Mex., 1903-4. 

Ute Creek near Logan, N. Mex., 1904-1906, 1909-10. 

Beaver Creek at Beaver, Okla., 1904-5.

North Fork of Canadian River near Woodward, Okla., 1903-1906. 

North Fork of Canadian River near El Reno, Okla., 1902-1908. 

North Fork of Canadian River near Oklahoma, Okla., 1899. 

North Fork of Canadian River near Eufaula, Okla., 1899. 

Arkansas River canals:

Oxford Fanners canal near Nepesta, Colo., 1903. 

Colorado-Kansas canal near Prowers, Colo., 1903. 

Keese ditch near Prowers, Colo., 1903.

Yazoo River basin.

Tallahatchie River at Batesville, Miss., 1906-1910. 

Tallahatchie River at Philipp, Miss., 1908-1910. 

Yazoo River at Greenwood, Miss., 1908-1910. 

Yazoo River at Yazoo City, Miss., 1900-1905.

Coldwater River at Savage, Miss., 1908-1910.

Yalobusha River at Grenada, Miss., 1906, 1908-1910.

Sunflower River at Ruleville, Miss., 1908-1910.

Sunflower River at Baird, Miss., 1908-1910.

Homochitto River basin. 

Homochitto River at Rosetta, Miss., 1906.

Red River basin.

Red River at Arthur City, Tex., 1905-6.

Red River, Salt Fork, at Mangum, Okla., 1905-6.

Turkey Creek at Olustee, Okla., 1905-1908. 

Red River, North Fork, near Granite, Okla., 1903-1908. 

Red River, North Fork, near Snyder, Okla., 1905. 

Red River, North Fork, near Headrick, Okla., 1905-1908. 

Red River, Elm Fork, near Mangum, Okla., 1905-1908. 

Elk Creek near Hobart, Okla., 1904-1908.

Otter Creek near Mountain Park, Okla., 1903-1908. 

Horse Creek near Mountain Park, Okla., 1905-6. 

Otter Creek, Dry Fork, near Mountain Park, Okla., 1905-6. 

Wichita River at Wichita Falls, Tex., 1910. 

Washita River near Anadarko, Okla., 1902-1908. 

Ouachita River near Malvern, Ark., 1903-1905. 

Ouachita River near Arkadelphia, Ark., 1905-6.
20 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

WHITE RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

DESCRIPTION.

White River rises in the Boston Mountains near the western border 

of Arkansas, nearly 50 miles south of the Arkansas-Missouri line, 

flows northward into Missouri, then bends southeastward and reenters Arkansas, continuing its general southeasterly course to the 

southeast corner of Arkansas County, where its channel divides, one 

part entering Arkansas River and the other Mississippi River. The 

natural discharge of White River is into the Mississippi. The length 

of the river from its source to its mouth is about 300 miles by general 

course, but the stream is very crooked, and, including the bends, it 

is probably not less than 400 miles long.

The important tributaries from the north are North Fork River, 

Black River, and Cache River; those from the south are Kings River, 

Buffalo River, and Red River.

The basin comprises 27,700 square miles, of which 10,000 square 

miles lie in Missouri and the remainder in northern and eastern 

Arkansas. Topographically, it consists of two parts a highland 

area, 22,200 square miles in extent, lying west of the St. Louis, Iron 

Mountain & Southern Railway, and an area of lowlands, including 

5,500 square miles, lying east of this railroad.

The topography of the highland portion of the basin is rough. The 

rocks are sandstone, limestone, and shale, lying horizontal. Through 

these the main stream and all its tributaries have cut ravines that 

range in depth from a few score feet to more than 1,200 feet. Elevations in the Boston Mountains exceed 2,000 feet above sea level. 

The elevation of the bed of White River ranges from 1,250 feet at 

the north base of the mountains to less than 250 feet at Batesville. 

Throughout the distance between these two points there are no falls 

and but a few rapids.

The lowland area of the basin is level, and stands only a few feet 

above the water of the river at average stage. It is cut by numerous 

sloughs which have been formed by the clogging of the streams and 

the partial filling of horseshoe lakes. Probably all of it is susceptible 

to drainage.

The entire area was originally forest covered, but a large proportion of the river bottoms and the level parts of the uplands is now 

under cultivation. The steep rock-covered slopes, which constitute 

a considerable part of the area, are still forest covered.

The records kept at the agricultural experiment station at Fayetteville from 1871 to 1907, inclusive, show that the annual rainfall at 

that place ranges from a minimum of 34.58 inches in 1871 to a maxi-
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASES. 21

mum of 67.48 inches in 1905. The average for the 37 years was 

45.609 inches. The rainfall at Fayetteville is probably fairly representative for that part of the basin that lies within the highland 

division.

The average snowfall is about 9 inches. Snow lies on the ground 

but a few days at most, and there is seldom ice enough on the ground 

to interfere with travel.

Irrigation has not been attempted in this basin, but it is practicable 

in a small way along the stream bottoms, where the water may be 

taken from the streams, and on a still smaller scale on the benches 

of the hill slopes, where water from springs may be stored.

As the valleys are narrow and the banks in most places high, there 

are many points along the streams where water could be stored without flooding much land. Such storage sites may be found along 

White River and all its highland tributaries. Numerous large springs 

of fine water occur throughout the highland area.

Buffalo River and that portion of White River above the mouth 

of Buffalo ^River can be utilized for logging or boating only during 

the rainy season. A series of Government dams above Batesville 

will, when completed, render White River navigable throughout the 

year as far up as the mouth of Buffalo River. In the lowland part 

of its course White River is navigable for small boats at all seasons.

A survey to determine the available water power along White 

River and its tributaries is now being conducted. The smaller of 

the numerous power sites can probably be made to furnish a few 

hundred horsepower and the larger ones several thousand horsepower.

WHITE BIVEB AT BEAVEB, ABE!.

This station, which is located at the Missouri & North Arkansas 

Railroad bridge at Beaver, Ark., was established July 17, 1909, to 

obtain data for use in studying water power, water supply, flood 

control, storage, and navigation problems.

No important tributaries enter near the station.

The datum of the chain gage, which is fastened to the upstream 

guardrail of the bridge, has not been changed. Measurements at high 

water are made from this bridge; low-water measurements are made 

by wading.

The station is maintained under the direction of the State geologist 

of Arkansas and has not been visited by engineers of the United States 

Geological Survey since its establishment.

The following discharge measurement was made by W. N. Gladson:

May 24: Width, 182 feet; area of section, 1,330 square feet; gage height, 8.44 feet; 

discharge, 3,620 second-feet.
22 . SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Daily gage height, inject, of White River at Beaver, Ark., for 1910. 

[iReno N. Lowe, observer.]

Day.

1...... .........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

l». ..............

19...............

20. ..............

21...............

22...............

23. ..............

24. ..............

25. ..............

26...............

27. ..............

28...............

29...............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

3.8

3.7

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

4.35

4.5

4.4

4.1

4.05

4.0

4.3

4.45

4.35

4.35

4.35

4.35

4.45

4.35

4.35

4.35

4.35

4.35

4.2

4.3

i IK.

4. 9

4.0

4.1

4.0

Feb.

4.0

4.05

3.9

3.9

4.0

3.8

3.8

3 9

3.S

3.8

3.9

3.7

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.8

3.8

3 Q

3 95

3.85

4.25

4.5

4.7

4-9

5.08

5.25

A Q

7.8

Mar.

8.05

6.8

6.3

5.95

5 55

5.35

5.18

4 95

4.9

4 95

4.8

4.7

4 65

4.6

4.55

4 45

4.38

4.3

4.3

4.22

4.2

4.15

4.1

4.1

4.0

4.0

4 0

4 0

3.95

4.15

5.3

Apr.

6.2

5.45

5.25

4.95

5.15

5.9

6.66

A OK

5 9

6.6

6.35

6.6

9

9K.

7.45

7.45

7.6

7.7

7.3

6.7

6.4

6.05

5.85

5.55

5.35

5.3

5.1

4.95

4.85

4.8

4.65

May.

4 65

4.55

4.45

4.35

A q

4.25

4.25

4.25

A. 9H

4.3

A q

4 2

4.15

4.05

4.05

6.5

18.85

12 25

8

QC

7.75

7 n^

fi G

7.65

Q OK

8.2

7.8

7.0

6.5

6.05

c 7C

1 I*

June.

6.1

5.95

5.55

5.35

5.15

4 95

4 9

c o

5.15

5.65

5.6

6.15

H Q

5.5

5.25

5.05

4.85

4 65

4.55

4.55

4 7

4 6

4.5

4.65

4.55

5.05

5.05

6.0

6.75

5.75

July.

5.4

5.1

4.9

5.7

5.35

5.1

4.75

A 7C

4 9

5.0

5.55

11.65

19 7

9

C

7.55

6.65

6.1

5.7

5.45

5.25

5.05

4.85

4.75

4.65

4.5

4.4

A. Vi

4.25

4.15

4 2

4.15

Aug.

4.05

4.0

4..0

3.95

3.9

3 9

4.8

6

K

6.4

5.5

5.55

5.15

5.2

4.85

4.7

4 55

4 65

4.5

4 45

4.25

A O

4.2

4.2

4.15

4.05

4.0

3 Q

3.85

3.8

3.8

3.75

Sept.

3.7

3.8

3.8

3.85

3.8

4.15

4.3

4 05

4.15

4 1 ^

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.75

3.7

3.65

0 ft

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.55

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

4.3

4.2

3 95

Oct.

3.8

3.7

3.75

3.8

4.15

4.4

4.25

4 15

4.-0

0 Q

3.8

3.8

4.05

4.4

4.5

4 15

4.05

O Qf\

3.9

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.75

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

Nov.

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

0 ft

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.5

Dec.

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.55

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

WHITE RIVER NEAR BRANSON, MO.

This station, which is located at the St. Louis, Iron Mountain & 

Southern Railway bridge near Branson, Mo., was established July 19, 

1909, to obtain data for use in studying water power, water supply, 

flood control, storage, and navigation problems.

Turkey Creek enters the river on the right bank about 600 feet 

below the section.

The datum of the gage, which is fastened to the downstream guard 

rail of the bridge, has remained unchanged. At high water, measurements are made from this bridge; at low water they are made by 

wading.

This station is maintained under the direction of the State geologist 

of Arkansas and has not been visited by engineers of the United 

States Geological Survey since its establishment.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 23

Daily gage height, in feet, of White River near Branson, Mo., for 1910. 

[J. A. Medley, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14'. ..............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30..............

31...............

Jan..

2.95

2.95

2.95

2.9

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.2

? 9

3.15

3.1

3.12

3.25

3.4

3.5

4.0

3.8

3.65

3.6

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.35

3.35

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.15

2.9

Feb.

3.0

? n

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.9

2.9

2.85

2.85

2 7

2.8

2.8

2.75

2.7

9 A

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

3.05

3.9

5.05

5.8

5.9

4.8

3.75

5.25

Mar.

7.35

7.15

6.6

5.7

5.55

4.55

4.05

3.8

3.3

3.35

4.1

3.6

3.4

3.3

3.35

3.15

2.9

2.85

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.5

9 ?

2.3

2.35

2.35

2.4

9 ?

2.3

2.4

2.3

Apr.

2.6

4.2

3.9

3.85

3.8

4.15

4.05

4.6

445

485

4.8

4.0

4.05

6.35

5.45

5.1

5.5

5.0

5.2

4.7

4.35

3.85

3.55

3.2

3.35

3.05

3.1

2.95

3.0

2.95

May.

2.95

3.0

2.95

2.55

2.35

2.5

2.7

3.0

3.9

3.85

3.3

2.9

2.65

2.95

2.9

3.05

11.55

15.2

9.9

7.55

6.4

6.0

5.4

5.35

6.25

6.7

6.55

5.7

5.0

4.65

4 3

June.

4.05

4.0

4.1

4.35

<\ Q

6.05

5.45

7 9

8.9

10.25

9.45

7.9

6.35

6.0

5.3

4.7

4.15

4.15

3.6

3.35

3.5

3.4

3 dfi

3.35

8.1

3.4

3.5

3.8

4.75

5.05

July.

4.2

4.0

4.0

4.25

4.45

4.15

4.45

4.35

3.85

3.55

4.4

9.1

11.8

9.95

8.0

5.95

5.3

5.0

4.25

4.0

3.85

3.75

3 7

8.7

8.%

8.5

8.3

8.0

2

n

2.95

3.35

Aug

3.3

3.2

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.85

2.85

3.45

5.1

6.5

5.6

4.55

4.15

3.9

3.85

3.8

3.7

3.05

3.35

3.6

3.45

3.3

3.15

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.85

2.7

2 d

2.6

2.35

Sept.

2.25

2.5

3.15

3.05

2.9

3.6

3.6

3.5

3.3

3.2

3.2

2.95

2.6

2.7

2.55

2.5

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.45

2 4

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.45

2.4

2.65

3.0

2.85

2.6

Oct.

2.55

2.5

2.6

2.7

3.1

4.45

4.9

5.05

4.6

3.7

3.4

3.3

3.6

3.9

3.5

3.3

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.15

2.95

2.65

2.85

2.8

2.8

2.85

2.7

2.55

2.5

2.5

Nov.

2.4

2.45

2.4

2.4

2.35

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.15

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.25

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

Dec.

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.05

2.15

2.3

2.3

WHITS RIVER NEAR LEAD HILL, ARK.

This station, which is located at Bradley's ferry, 5 miles northeast 

of Lead Hill, Ark., was established October 1, 1909, to obtain data 

for use in studying water power, navigation, flood control, and storage 

problems.

Fishtrap Shoals are about 400 feet below the station.

The gage consists of two vertical sections on the right bank of the 

river about 100 feet below the ferry. Its datum has not been changed. 

Measurements are made from the ferryboat.

The station is maintained under the direction of the State geologist 

of Arkansas and has not been visited by engineers of the United 

States Geological Survey since its establishment.

The following measurement was made by W. N. Gladson:

May 17: Width, 370 feet; area of section, 2,140 square feet; gage height, 5.85 feet; 

discharge, 8,700 second-feet.
24 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Daily gage height, infect, of White River near Lead Hill, Ark., for 1910. 

[Jerry Upshaw, observer.]

Day.

1..... ..........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19. ..............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

1.9

1 Q

1.8

1.7

1.8

1.4

1.8

1.8

1 Q

1.9

2.2

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.55

2.95

3.1

3.1

2.9

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2 4

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.0

Feb.

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.9

1 O

1 Q

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.7

2.0

2.45

3.0

3.2

3.15

3.35

5.05

6.1

Mar.

6.4

6.8

6.1

5.35

A Q

4.45

4.05

3.8

3.7

4.4

4.25

4.0

3.9

3

7C

3.55

3.4

3.15

3.0

2.9

2

0

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.15

Apr.

2.25

3.2

3.0

3.0

3.6

4.0

4.1

4 4S

4.2

4.0

4 05

4.0

4.55

5.05

4.6

4.75

4.8

4.7

4.6

4 25

q nc

3.7

3.5

3.3

3.15

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.7

May.

2.6

2.5

2 4

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.3

3.2

3.45

3.3

3.1

3.0

2.8

2.6

2.85

5.2

13.2

7.75

6.65

5.3

4.8

4.5

4.6

5.0

5.1

4.5

4.2

4.0

3.75

June.

3.7

3.6

3.4

3.2

3.85

4.85

4.8

4.95

7.7

9.7

9.8

7 45

5.85

5.55

4 7

4.2

4.0

3.7

3.45

3.2

3.1

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.7

2.7"

2.7

2.75

3.1

4.0

July.

3.9

3.6

3.15

3.2

3.55

3.45

3.35

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.05

8.8

10.3

10.75

8.5

6.35

5.75

5.7

4.75

4.1

3.65

3.3

3.2

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.0

2.75

2.5

2.65

Aug.

2.7

2.5

2.3

2.2

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

5.65

6.75

5.75

4.75

3.95

3.65

3.6

3.3

3.1

3.55

3.3

3.05

2.8

2.95

2.55

2.45

2.4

2.25

2.1

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.8

Sept.

1.7

2.0

2.3

2.7

2.5

2.95

3.3

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.45

2.25

2.2

2.1

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.9

1.85

2.2

2.0

Oct.

1.9

2.0

2.0

2.4

2.6

5.5

4.2

4.3

3.7

3.3

3.05

2.8

2.8

3.05

3.15

2.75

2.65

2.5

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.1

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

Nov.

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

Dec.

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

WHITE RIVER NEAR COTTER, ARK.

This station, which is located at the St. Louis, Iron Mountain & 

Southern Railway bridge near Cotter, Ark., was established July 21, 

1909, to obtain data for use in studying water power, water supply, 

flood control, storage, and navigation problems.

The station is about three-fourths of a mile below the mouth of 

Falling Ash Creek.

The datum of the gage, which is fastened to the upstream guardrail 

of the bridge, has remained unchanged. Measurements are made 

from the bridge, from a ferry about 500 feet above, or by wading.

This station is maintained under the direction of the State geologist 

of Arkansas, and has not been visited by engineers of the United 

States Geological Survey since its establishment.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 25

Daily gage height, in feet, of White River near Cotter, Ark., for 1910. 

[S. Butterfleld, observer.]

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

2.15

2.3

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.3

2.25

2.25

2.35

2.45

2.75

2.75

2.6

2.55

2.95

3.65

3.85

3.8

3.65

3.5

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.6

Feb.

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.0

2 0

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.9

1.8

2.0

2.05

2.4

3.1

3.85

3.95

4.1

5.95

7.4

Mar.

7.55

7.5

7.6

6.85

6.2

5.7

5.25

4.95

4.7

4.5

5.05

5.5

5.2

5.0

4.7

4.5

4.3

4.1

3.9

3.75

3.7

3.45

3.3

3.2

3.05

2.95

2.9

2.8

2.7

2.55

2.5

Apr.

2.5

2.55

3.05

3.9

3.75

3.75

4.5

4.85

5.3

5.25

5.05

4.9

4.9

4.9

5.95

6.6

5.95

5.9

5.75

5.65

5.45

4.95

4.55

4.45

4.3

4.1

3.9

' 3.7

3.5

3.3

May.

3.25

3.15

3.05

2.9

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.75

3.15

3.9

4.15

3.9

3.7

3.5

3.3

3.4

4.45

9.05

14.3

11.15

8.1

7.05

6.4

6.0

5.75

6.35

6.3

6.1

5.55

5.3

5.3

June.

4.85

4.55

4.4

4.4

4.6

4.95

5.65

6.1

9.2

10.95

10.8

10.1

8.05

7.15

6.55

6.0

5.5

5.1

4.75

4.55

4.35

4.15

4.0

3.85

3.65

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.75

4.3

July.

5.15

5,05

4.5

4.25

4.25

4.65

4.6

4.35

4.1

6.25

5.0

5.3

13.15

12.35

10.95

8.65

7.05

6.75

6.05

5.8

5.3

4.75

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.45

4.35

4.0

3.75

3.55

3.5

Aug.

3.5

3.6

3.45

3.2

3.0

2.9

29

2.9

3.05

6.55

7.35

6.5

5.55

5.05

4.7E

4.45

4.4

4.35

4.35

4.15

4.0

3.9

3.85

3.65

3.45

3.25

3.05

3.0

2.85

2.75

2.7

Sept.

2.65

2.45

2.8

3.4

3.7

4.05

4.5

4.4

4.15

4.0

3.75

3.55

3.35

3.2

3.05

2.85

2.8

2.65

2.6

2.55

2.4

2.35

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.6

2.75

2.6

3.1

Oct.

2.65

2.65

5.1

3.95

6.05

6.65

5.7

5.6

5.05

4.5

4.1

4.0

3.85

4.3

4.3

3.9

3.65

3.55

3.35

3.2

3.1

3.35

3.4

3.15

3.0

2.95

2.75

2.55

2.5

2.5

Nov.

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

Dec.

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

WHITE RIVER AT WALLS PERRY, ARK.

This station, which is located at the Government dam at Walls 

Ferry, Ark., will furnish data necessary in studying water power, 

navigation, and flood control problems. The discharge of the stream 

will be computed from the records of the gage heights of the upper 

gage at the lock, considering the dam as a weir. Discharge measurements will be made in order to determine the proper coefficients to 

be used. The first measurement was made in November, 1909.

This station is maintained under the direction of the State geologist 

of Arkansas and has not been visited by engineers of the United 

States Geological Survey.

BUFFALO RIVER NEAR GILBERT, ARK.

This station, which is located at the Missouri & North Arkansas 

Railroad bridge near Gilbert, Ark., was established July 16, 1909, to 

obtain data for use in studying water power and storage problems.

Bear Creek is tributary to Buffalo River from the right bank about 

one-fourth mile above the station.

The datum of the chain gage, which is fastened to the upstream 

guardrail of the bridge, from which high-water measurements are
26 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

also made, has not been changed. Low-water measurements are 

made by wading. Measurements of high water may be complicated 

by the flow from Bear Creek.

This station is maintained under the direction of the State geologist 

of Arkansas, and has not been visited by 'engineers of the United 

States Geological Survey since its establishment.

Discharge measurements of Buffalo River near Gilbert, Ark.', in 1910.

Date.

May 23

Aug. 1

Hydrographer.

W. N . Gladson ............................................

.....do.....................................................

Width

Feet. 

160

68

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

931

131

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

7.1

2.97

Discharge.

See.-ft. 

2,660

137

NOTE. Measurements not made at regular section.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Buffalo River near Gilbert, Ark., for 1910. 

[Esther Williams, observer.]

Day.

1.. .............

2 ..............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.9

3.2

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.4

3.5

4.0

4.0

4.2

4.0

3 Q

3.8

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.3 

3.2 

3.2

Feb.

3.2

3.0

3.1

3.1

2.9

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.8

2.8

2

n

2.8

3.6

3.1

2.9

2.9

9 Q

3.0

t 3

3.9

4.1

4.0

7 Q

8.4

Mar.

6.9

6.3

5.7

5.2

4.8

4.6

4.4

4.1

4.0

4.1

4.9

4.7

4.6

4.4

4.2

4.0

4.0

3.8

3.8

3.6

3 i

3.5

3.5

3.3

3.3

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.1 

3.1 

3.2

Apr.

3.2

3.1

3.1

6.5

9.3

8.1

6.6

5.8

5.3

K 0

5.0

4.9

n 1

5.2

9 Q

7 Q

7 5

6.6

5 9

5.6

5.0

4 9

4.7

4.4

4.2

4

0

4.0

3.9

3.8 

3.6

May.

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.3

t 9

3 9

3.2

3.1

3.1

i n

11.25

1Q O

11.4

8.3

7.2

6.6

6.0

3 Q

10.3

8.1

7.6

6.1

5.6 

5.2 

4.9

June.

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.1

4.3

4.3

4.1

4.0

5-4

8.3

8.2

7.4

fi 9

5.6

5 0

4.6

4.3

4.0

3 Q

3

0

3.6

3.5

3.5

4.0

Q Q

4.3

July.

4.0

4.3

7.2

6.6

7.2

6.2

5.4

4.9

4.4

4.3

4.0

7.1

8.9

6.5

K Q

5.2

4.7

4.4

4.0

3.9

3

*7

3.5

3.5

4.0

4.0

3.7

3.5

3.3

3.1 

3.1 

3.0

Aug.

2.9

2.8

2

0

2.8

2.8

2.9

4.2

7.0

6.1

Q Q

6.7

5.7

5-1

5.3

1* Q

7.1

5.8

6.9

Ifl Q

7 O

6.3

5.5

4 9

4. I

4.2

4.0

3.8

3.6

3.5 

3.4 

3.2

Sept.

3.2

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.2

7.2

7.0

5.2

4.6

4 9

3 9

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.0

3

f\

9 Q

3

1

3.1

3.0

9 Q

3.1

3.1

3.1 

3.0

Oct.

3.0

2.9

2.9

11.0

9.6

7.7

6.2

5.4

4.8

4.5

4.2

C A

H 1

5 0

4.6

4.4

4.3

4.0

3 Q

3

0

3 7

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.4

3 A

3.3

3.2 

3.2 

3.2

Nov.

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.0

3.0

t ft

3 n

3.0

3.0

3.0

3 A

2.9

9 Q

9 Q

2 Q

2 Q

2 Q

2 Q

2 Q

9 Q

2 Q

2 Q

9 Q

9 Q

2.9 

2.9

Dec.

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.9

9 Q

2.9

2.8

2.8

2

0

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2

0

2.8

2

0

9 ft

2

0

2

Q

2

0

2.8

2.8

2

0

2.8

2.8

2.9 

2.9 

3.6

NORTH FORK RIVER 1TEAR HENDERSON, ARK.

This station, which is located at Smith's ferry, near Henderson, 

Ark., was established July 23, 1909, to obtain data for use in studying water power, storage, and navigation problems.

Bayou Creek enters on the left bank about 1J miles above the 

station.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 27

The gage consists of three vertical sections on the left bank near 

the ferry. Its datum has not been changed. Measurements are 

made from the ferryboat or by wading at low water.

This station is maintained under the direction of the State geologist 

of Arkansas and has not been visited by engineers of the United 

States Geological Survey since its establishment.

The following measurement was made by W. N. Gladson:

May 19: Width, 275 feet; area of section, 868 square feet; gage'height, 1.95 feet; 

discharge, 1,110 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of North Fork River near Henderson, Ark., for 1910.

[F. S. Field, observer.]

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14. ..............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24. ..............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

1.6

1.6

1.7

1.7

1.7

1 8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.65

1.65

1.7 1 v\

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.65

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.7

1.7

Feb.

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.55

1 5

1 *\

1.5

1.6

1.6

1.55

1 5

1 *\

1.55

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.6

1.65

1.7

1.7

4.35

4.0

Mar.

3.45

2.9

2.75

2.7

2.65

2.55

2.6

2.7

2.8

3.2

3.45

2.95

2.8

2.75

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.15

2.1

2.0

2.0

1.95

1 0

1 Q

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.8

Apr.

1.7

1.65

1.6

1.65

1.8

1.95

2.5

2.55

2.35

2.3

2.2

2.3 2.6'

3.1

3.45

3.65

3

KK

3.15

9 O

2.45

2.35

9 Q

2.2

2.2

2

1

2.1

2.1

2.0

1 OS

1 Q

May.

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.85

1 Q

1.85

1.8

1.85

1 0

2.0

1 0

1.8

1 QPL

9 A.

2.35

2.15

1.95

1 O

1 0

1 O

1 0

1.8

1

0

1 R

1 0

1 Q

June.

2.5

2 1

2.2

C KK

4 *<55-»

3.65

3 JK

3 (\

3.0

2.45

2 OK

2.1

2.1

2.15

9 1

2.1

2.05

2.05

2.0

2 (\

2 A

2.0

<y r\

9 ft

2.0

July.

2.0

1.85

2.0

2.3

2.75

2.9

2.7

2.55

2.35

4.6

3.4

4.7

5 A

4.0

3.95

3.25

4.3

3.55

9 O

2.7

2.45

2 9

3-85

2.3

9 9

2 ftp;

2.0

9 ft

1

QK

2.4

2.7

Aug.

2.5

2.25

2.0

1.9

1 9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.95

2.4

2.55

2.15

2.0

2.0

1.95

1.9

1.9

2.7

2.4

2.2

2.0

1 0

1.85

1.8

1 8

1.85

1.85

1.8

1.8

1 7%

1.55

Sept.

1.25

1.15

2.25

2.9

2.75

3.2

2.9

2.45

2.25

1.95

1 0

1.8

1.7

1.65

1.45

1 9>;

1.05

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.65

1.6

1.65

1.7

1.7

1 v\

1.95

2.0

1.8

Oct.

1.7

1.7

1.7

4.75

3.3

6.1

5.65

3.5

3.2

2.6

2.2

2.0

2.0

2.15

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.9

1.9

1 0

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

Nov.

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1 7

1.7

1 7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

Dec.

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1 7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.6 1 *\

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1 c

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.7

LITTLE BED RIVER NEAR PANGBURN, ARK.

This station, which is located at Skillern's ferry, near Pangburn, 

Ark., was established July 15, 1909, to obtain data for use in studying water power, water supply, storage, and navigation problems.

Big Red Creek joins Little Red River about half a mile below 

the station.

This stream is used to considerable extent for running logs. Log 

jams above and below the station affect the gage for short periods. 

Ice rarely, if ever, forms on this stream.

The gage consists of three vertical sections on the right bank near 

the ferry. Its datum has not been changed. Measurements are 

made from a ferryboat or by wading at low water.
28 SURFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1910, PAET VII.

This station is maintained under the direction of the State geologist 

of Arkansas and has not been visited by engineers of the United 

States Geological Survey since its establishment.

The following measurement was made by W. N. Gladson:

May 21: Width, 222 feet; area of section, 1,980 square feet; gage height, 8.1 feet; 

discharge, 3,380 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Little Red River near Pangburn, Ark., for 1910. 

[A. J. Stolz, observer.]

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

3.1

3.1

3.0

3.0

3

1

3.4

6.4

6.3

5.7

5.4

5.1

4.9

4.8

5.1

5.5

5.4

5.2

5.1

5.4

7.5

7.1

6.3

5.8

5.4

5.1

4.8

4.6

4.5

4.2

4.0

3.8

Feb.

3 7

3.6

3.4

3.3

3

ft

3.0

3.0

3.1

3

f|

3

f|

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.8

2.8

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

3.0

3.9

4.8

5.2

10.8

24.4

Mar.

16.4

11.4

9 9

7 Q

7.1

6.5

6.1

5.6

5

0

5.1

6.6

8.6

7.3

6.5

6.0

5.6

5.2

i a

4.5

4.3

A. 9.

4.2

4.4

4.7

4.5

A 9.

4.1

4.0

3.8

3.7

3.9

Apr.

3

c

3

0

3

C

4.1

6.7

t)A Q

16.0

12.6

9 A

7.5

7.1

6.7

6.5

6.3

6.«

14.0

14.2

n

o

9 A

8.0

7.0

6.4

5.9

5.4

i Q

4

c

4.4

4.2

4.0

3.9

May.

3 7

3.5

3-4

0 0

Q 9

3 1

3

1

2 0

2 0

2

0

2

0

2 7

2 7

2.6

2.6

9 a

4.6

20.1

10 C

9

O

8.4

7 ft

14.7

OO Ati

OK A

14.1

9 7

7 Q

6.6

6.0

5.6

June.

ft O

* ^

4

c

4.8

4 7

4.5

4.3

4 6

5.4

10 ft

18.5

16.4

n

o

8 7

6.8

5.9

5.4

4.8

4.3

4.0

3.8

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.8

3.6

3.5

3.8

4.9

4.5

July.

0 Q

4.1

9 ft

10.5

12.4

9

0

7.5

6.4

5.5

4 7

4 4

9.1

7.4

7.3

7.1

6.7

6.0

5.5

5.0

4.4

4.0

3.6

3.4

3.3

8.1

6.4

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.6

3.3

Aug.

3 1

3 ft

9 a

2.7

O f*

2.6

2.5

2.6

2

0

4.1

6.6

5.3

4 4

4.5

4.8

5.6

6.0

5.2

4.8

4.6

6.0

5.2

4.7

4.4

3.8

3.4

3.4

3.6

3.3

3.1

3.0

Sept.

ft Q

2

0

2

0

9 Q

2.9

2.8

2.7

2.6

o 7

O 0

2

0

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.4

9 9

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.2

2.3

2.4

Oct.

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.4

99 1

38.5

25.9

8 a

7.3

6.3

5.8

5.4

5.2

5.5

5.3

4.9

4.5

4.1

3.8

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.8

Nov.

9 7

9 7

2.6

2.6

2 a

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

Dec.

2

0

2

0

2.3

2.3

2

0

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.5

3.5

6.7

7.8

ARKANSAS RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 

DESCRIPTION.

The western rim of the Arkansas basin is formed by three of the 

highest mountain ranges of Colorado the Saguache, Sangre de 

Cristo, and Culebra, each having summits more than 14,000 feet in 

altitude. The melting of the almost perpetual snow that mantles 

the high peaks near the north end of this rim furnishes water for 

three small creeks, the East, Lake, and Tennessee forks, which unite 

near Leadville to form the Arkansas.

From the junction of the forks the river flows a little east of south 

for about 75 miles, then turns to the east and cuts through a canyon 

whose perpendicular walls attain elevations of more than 2,000 feet 

above the water's edge, emerging finally into the plains region near 

Canon City. From Canon City to the Colorado-Kansas State line its
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 29

general course is eastward for about 200 miles. Entering Kansas 

the river runs for 140 miles by general course a little south of east; it 

then makes a bold curve to the north, forming what is known as the 

Great Bend, below which it flows southeastward across Oklahoma 

to its junction with the Mississippi in northeastern Arkansas. The 

entire length of the stream from source to mouth is about 1,500 miles 

and its drainage basin includes 177,500 square miles.

In its upper course the Arkansas is fed by numerous small streams, 

generally short, which lie wholly in or have their sources in the 

mountains. Those that head in the mountains and flow out onto the 

prairies are used more or less for irrigation. The most important of 

these tributaries are Greenhorn, Huerfano, Apishapa, and Purgatory rivers. The plains tributaries include Black Squirrel, Horse, 

Two Butte and Big Sandy creeks, Salt Fork, Cimarron, Verdigris, 

Grand, and Canadian rivers, and scores of smaller streams. The 

largest of these tributaries is Canadian River.

Above Pueblo, Colo., the drainage basin is as a whole mountainous, 

but toward the south the elevation decreases and the country is 

well marked by stream channels that trend in a general northeasterly 

direction. The streams on the north flow generally southward when 

they emerge from the mountains.

At the base of the mountains are the foothills, irregular and seared 

by canyons, and marked by disconnected mesas and buttes of different but moderate altitudes; beyond are great level plains, extending 

far to the east and constituting a portion of what was formerly 

known as the Great American Desert. East of the foothills and 

north of the river the topography is that typical of the Great Plains 

region, but to the south the surface of the plains is generally more 

accented. That part of the drainage basin that extends from the 

mountains to the Colorado-Kansas line embraces an area of about 

25,000 square miles. Beyond this is the flat semiarid section of 

western Kansas, and then the more humid country in eastern Kansas, 

Oklahoma, and Arkansas.

The rocks exposed in the mountainous area present great variety, 

ranging from the metamorphic granites of Pikes Peak and the Royal 

Gorge of the Arkansas to the glacial drift in the upper valley of the 

Arkansas from Salida to Leadville and in the upper Grape Creek 

Range. Next to the granites the eruptive rocks are most common, 

and sedimentary rocks are found over wide areas.

In the plains region the principal rock exposures seen along the 

heavily eroded stream channels are shales, sandstone, and limestone 

in alternating layers. The soil cover, which is necessarily rather 

meager in the mountainous section, varies in the plains region from 

the upland sands and gravels of the mesas to the sandy loams and 

adobe clays of the river valleys. The adobe soils are very friable and
30 SUKFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PAET VII.

dry and melt away rapidly under the action of water. Many of the 

dry intermittent channels, usually termed arroyos, are narrow and 

have high vertical walls, and are cut deeper by each succeeding flood. 

The vegetation is scanty, consisting of native grasses, sagebrush, 

chico, and cactus pads. The ranges have been very closely pastured; 

making conditions conducive to an excessive flood run-off.

Above Canon City the fall of the river is about 40 feet to the mile. 

The elevation at Canon City is 5,300 feet; at the Colorado-Kansas 

State line, 220 miles below, the elevation is 3,350 feet, making the 

average fall about 9 feet per mile. At the mouth the river has an 

elevation slightly exceeding 100 feet above sea level.

The drainage basin of Arkansas River contains about 1,000 square 

miles of merchantable timber land and considerably more than that 

amount of woodland; the rest, except for the considerable area under 

cultivation, may be classed as barren and sagebrush land.

The principal source of the water which the river bears to the plains 

is the precipitation along the crest of the high ranges. This is 

mainly in the form of snow, and amounts to 20 or 30 inches each 

year. From the foothills to Arkansas City the precipitation ranges 

from 12 to 35 inches, being 25 to 35 inches in the last 100 miles below 

Hutchinson. The natural storage in the basin is limited to a few 

mountain lakes of glacial origin.

The streams of this drainage area are subject to floods of two 

kinds the annual spring floods caused by the melting of the snows 

in the headwater regions and floods caused by the violent storms, 

locally known as cloudbursts, in the foothills and plains regions. 

Occasionally, too, the river runs dry, and many of the tributaries 

are intermittent in character.

As altitudes within this basin range from 14,000 feet almost down 

to sea level, the climatic'conditions vary greatly. In the mountainous sections the winters are severe, the snowfall is heavy, and the 

rivers have a thick ice cover for several months. As the altitude 

decreases the winters become milder.

About half a million acres of land are under irrigation on Arkansas 

River and its tributaries in Colorado, but beyond the Colorado line 

only a very few thousand acres are irrigated. The Garden City project of the United States Reclamation Service will eventually provide for the irrigation of probably 15,000 acres in the Arkansas Valley 

in western Kansas, principally by pumping the underflow.

Numerous reservoirs now in operation along the Arkansas, together 

with direct diversions for irrigation, provide for the use of the greater 

part of the flow of Arkansas River in Colorado. The largest reservoirs are in the system of the Great Plains Reservoir Co., on the 

north side of the river in the eastern part of the State. The reservoirs of this system are supplied by feeder canals, and have a com-
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 31

bined capacity of almost 200,000 acre-feet. Other reservoirs now 

contemplated or under construction, on the tributaries of the Arkansas, will provide for the irrigation of a large additional area. These 

reservoirs are necessitated^ by the intermittent character of the 

streams upon which they are situated. The basin contains many 

excellent reservoir sites. The flood on the Arkansas in October, 

1908, illustrates the possibility for additional storage in some of 

them.1

On account of the use of water for irrigation in the open country, 

power development is necessarily confined to the upper reaches of 

the Arkansas and its tributaries. It seems probable that, with 

proper storage, about 100,000 horsepower can be developed. Somewhat over 5,000 horsepower is now being used.

The years of greatest average flow on the upper Arkansas since the 

beginning of measurements seem to have been 1891 and 1899. The 

flow in 1905 was also very high and that in 1906 and 1907 was nearly 

as great. The year of lowest flow is 1902, while 1908 is second.

ARKANSAS RIVER AT GRANITE, COLO.

This station, which was established April 6, 1910, by the State 

engineer of Colorado, by whom it is maintained, is located below the 

mouth of Lake Creek and above mouths of Lost Canon and Clear 

creeks. The discharge is affected by the Twin Lakes reservoir and 

by a flume used by a placer mine at Granite, taking water out of Lake 

Creek and returning it to the Arkansas below the station.

A Bristol automatic and a slope gage, both at the same datum, are 

located on the left bank of stream about 500 feet above the Denver 

& Kio Grande Kailroad depot at Granite. Measurements are made 

from a car and cable, about one-third mile above the depot. The 

measuring section is good, as the bed of the stream consists of gravel 

and small bowlders and is permanent. Banks are composed chiefly 

of gravel and are not liable to overflow except at extreme high stages. 

Gage heights are affected by ice during the winter.

Discharge measurements of Arkansas River at Granite, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

Apr. 7

May 6

28

8

Sept. 196

Oct. 286

Hydrographer.

Thos. Grieve...............................................

C.L.Chatfield... ..........................................

Thos. Grieve ...............................................

Grieve and Christiansen ...................................

A . A . Weiland .............................................

.....do.....................................................

Width.

Feet. 

68

77

74

71

72

66

57

Area of

section.

Sq. ft.

82

203

180

108

119

65.9

58.5

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.70

3,04

02.83

2.00

2.25

1 58

1.32

Discharge.

Sec -ft. 

150

1,033

804

267

355

116

74

a Twin Lakes stopped flowing during this measurement. Area and velocity would indicate that 

gage height was about 2.83. 

6 By wading at various sections

i For report on this flood see Water-Supply Paper U. S. Geol. Survey No. 247, p.
32 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PAET VII.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Arkansas River at Granite, Colo.,for 1910. 

[Geo. Morrison, observer.]

Day.

1...........................

2........................... 3................:..........

4...........................

5...........................

6...........................

7. ..........................

8...........................

9...........................

10...........................

11...........................

12...........................

10

14.......................... .

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

la

19.... ......................

20.......... ................

21.............. ....... ....

22...........................

23...........................

24...........................

95

26...........................

97

28.. ..........................

9Q

30

31...........................

Apr.

1.8

1.75

1.85

2.0

2.05

2.05

2.05

2.05

1 OS

1.95

1 Q

1 Q

1 Q

1.95

2.6

9 Q

2 Q

2.5

2 45

2

QK

2.75

9 1

3.0

O 9

2.4

May.

2.6

2.65

2.75

2.95

2.95

3,05

3.05

2.95

3.1

3

0

3.2

3.25

3

C

3 9

^ n

2.7

2

ftC

2.6

2.5

2.6

2

ftC

^ 9*v

3.2

3

1

3.05

2.9

3 flK

3.1

9 Q*»

^ AH

3.65

June.

3.65

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.45

3.4

3.2

3.2

1 9

3.2

3.1

3

1

^ 1

^ 1

3 9

3

1

2

oe

2.8

2.85

Q n

^ n

^ i

3 1

3 1

3.1

3.2

^ 1

3

ftC

S flfi

July.

3.1

3.1

3.05

3.05

3.0

3.0

2.2

2.2

2.5

2.4

2.25

2.1

2

1

9 1

2.2

2

1*5

2

flC

2.05

2.1

2.1

9 QK

2.35

2.2

2

1

2

flC

2.0

1.95

2.0

2 OK

2.5

2.2

Aug.

2.25

2 2

2.15

2.05

1.85

1.8

1.7

1.75

1.75

1.85

1.9

1.95

1 S&

1 aS

1.7

1.65

1.65

1.80

1.85

1.85

1.80

1.75

1.75

1.7

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.55

i a

2.4

2.55

Sept.

2.6

2.6

2.1

1.6

1.6

1.55

1.5

1.45

1.5

1.45

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.55

1.6

1.65

1.6

1.6

1.8

1.65

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.9

2.15

1.8

1.6

1.7

Oct.

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.55

1.6

1.3

1.3

1.45

1.3

1.5

1.45

1.6

1.5

1.45

1.6

1.4

1.65

1.9

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.45

Nov.

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.75

1.4

1.45

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.35

1.4

1.35

1.35

1.3

1.35

1.35

1.3

1.35

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.35

1.4

1.4

1.35

1.35

1.35

Dec.

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.35

1.35

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Arkansas River at Granite, Colo.,for 1910.

Day.

1 ..........................

2...........................

3...........................

4...........................

5...;.......................

6...........................

7...........................

8 ..........................

10...........................

11...........................

12...........................

10

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

ift

19...........................

20...........................

21...^......................

22...........................

23...........................

24...........................

25...........................

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Apr.

180

165

198

9CK

97ft

278

278

O7Q

235

9QK

215

215

91 K

235

CQC

ft7O

ft7fl

520

488

QOC

79ft

400

osn

345

455

May.

595

638

728

Q9C

925

1,035

1,035

925

1,090

1,200

1,200

1,255

1 200

980

680

638

KQC

520

595

638

1 9^

1,200

I

rton

1,035

ft7ft

1,035

1,090

09 %

1 4.QO

1 74K

June.

1,745

1,550

1,550

1,550

1,550

1,490

1,*30

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,U90

I

rton

1,090

1,200

1,090

£99

775

999

QSfi

QQfi

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,200

1 Ann

1,035

1,035

July.

1,090

1,090

1,035

1,035

980

980

345

345

520

455

372

300

Qflft

300

345

000

278

97ft

300

300

JOQ

JOft

^45

Qftfi

97ft

OCK

OQK

OCK

070

520

345

Aug.

372

345

322

97ft

198

180

150

165

165

198

215

235

108

198 iwi

135

135

1ftfl

198

1Qft

IftO

165

165 iwi

135

IOK

1QK

110

isn

455

558

Sept.

595

595

300

120

120

110

100

92

100

92

100

100

100

85

oe

110

120

135

120

120

180

135

150

120

120

91 C

322

180

120

150

Oct.

150

150

150

120

120

120

120

110

120

70

70

92

70

100

QO

120

100

92

120

85

135

215

85

85

85

as

7ft

78

7ft

78

92

Nov.

180

150

150

150

165

85

92

85

85

85

85

85

7ft

85

7ft

78

70

78

78

70

78

85

70

70

78

85

85

78

7ft

78

Dec.

70

70

85

70

55

78

7ft

85

oe

85

85

85

oe

NOTE. These discharges were obtained from a rating curve which is well defined between 70 and 980 

second-feet.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 33

Monthly discharge of Arkansas River at Granite, Colo.,for 1910. 

[Drainage area, 425 square miles.]

Month.

May..............................

July..............................

Dec. 1-13. ........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

925

1,745 

1,745 

1,090 

558 

595 

215 

180 

85

MrnhnnTTi165 

520 

775 

235 

110 

85 

70 

70 

70

Mean.

417 

990 

1,180 

475 

212 

166 

105 

' 93 

78

Per

square 

mile.

0.981 

2.33 

2.78 

1.12 

.498 

.391 

.247 

.219 

.184

Run-off.

Depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.

0.91 

2.69 

3.10 

1.29 

.58 

.44 

.29 

.24 

.09

Total in 

acre-feet.

20,700 

60,900 

70,200 

29,200 

13,100 

9,880 

6,460 

5,530 

2,010

218,000

ARKANSAS RIVER AT SALIDA, COLO.

A station was maintained on Arkansas River at Salida under the 

direction of the United States Geological Survey from 1895 to 1903.1 

The station was reestablished November 3, 1909, by the State engineer of Colorado, who placed a Bristol automatic gage with an auxiliary slope gage about a block below the concrete bridge on the road 

from town to the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad depot. The records 

furnish data concerning the amount of water available for irrigation.

The new and old stations bear the same relation to tributaries and 

diversions, but are at different sections.

The gage has no determined relation to the gage used in 1903. 

Discharge measurements are made from the concrete bridge.

On account of springs in the vicinity of the station, the channel is 

open throughout the winter months, making a very favorable location 

for the gage.

Discharge measurements of Arkansas River at Salida, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

Jan. 19°

Feb. 26a

May 5

25

Sept. 18a

Hydrographer.

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

Width.

Feet. 

66

66

81

83

69

68

Area of 

section.

Sq.feet. 

104

100

226

259

140

103

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.70

.70

2.75

2.92

1.35

.76

Discharge.

Sec.Jl. 

221

226

1,270

1,600

478

267

» Made by wading.

1 For description see Water-Supply Paper U. S. Geol. Survey No. 99, p. 301. 

8825° WSP 287 11 3
34 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Arkansas River at Salida, Colo.,for 1910. 

[Howard Snedden, observer.]

Day.

1... ............

3...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

121..............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19................

20...............

21...............

22............... 

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

0.9

9

.8

.75

.6

KC

.55

.7

.775;

.75

.65

.7

.75

.8

.8

.775;

.75

.8 

.8

.8

.8

.65

65

.65

.75 

.65

.7

Feb.

0.75

.7

.65

.6

.6

.6fit;

.65

.6

.6

.6

.65

.6

.65

.6

.6

.65

.65

.7

.7 

.7

.8

.75

.65

Mar.

0.75

.8

.8

.85

.9

QC;

95

1.0

1.0

.8

75

.75

7K

.75

.8

.8

.8

.85

9

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.15

1.15

1.2

1.1

1.15

1.15 

1.05

1.2

Apr.

1.3

1 4^.

1.45

1.35

1,25

1.1

1.05

1.05

1,2

1 3

1,35

1.35

1.4

t35

1.2

1.2

1 vz

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.4

1 A*.

1 fi

1.7

2.0

2.3

2.6

3.25 

31 c;

May.

2.9

2.56

2.2

2.7

2.75

2.8

2.85

2.9

3.0

3.35

3.55

3.8

3.85

3.35

2.95

9 1

2.35

2.25

2.1

2 n^

2.25

3.05 

3.1

t i

2.9

2.75

2.75

3.0

3.4

3.9

June.

3.55

3.65

3.9

3.8

3 8

4.1

3.8

3.55

3.35

3.15

3.05

2.95

3.05

3.2

3.25

3.35

3.25

3.0

^ 1

3 1 c;

3.0

2.85 3nc;

3.0

2.95

2.9

2.95

2.95

2.85 

2.8

July.

2.85

2.75

2.6

2.6

2.55

2.45

1.95

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.65

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.55

1.55

1.3

1.05

1.2

1.2

1.4

1.4 

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.1

05

1.1

1.5 

1.8

1.55

Aug.

1.35

1.3

1.25

1.35

1.5

1.4

1.2

1.15

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.15

1.0

1.0

1.1

1 9%

1.3

1.2

1.15 

1.25

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.15

.95 

1.1

1.4

Sept.

1.5

1.85

1.85

1.25

1.15

1.05

1.0

.95

.9

.55

.4

.45

.45

.5

.45

.55

.6

.75QC;

.95

1.0

1.15 QC;

0^

.9

.85

1.25

1.25

.8 

.95

Oct.

0.95

.7

.7

.65

.65

.6

.65

.7

.8

.7

.6

.65

.65

.65

.7

.75

.85

.75

.85

.8

.75

1.2 

.95

.75

.75

.7

.7

.7 

.7

.75

Nov.

0.8

.75

.75

.75

.8

.8

.75

.75

.75

.7

.7

.7

.75

.7

.75

.7

.65

.65

.7

.65

.65

.7 

.7

.7

.7

.7

.65

.6

.65 

.6

Dec.

0.6

.6

.6

.65

.5

.5

.55

.6

.6

.6

.6

.55

.5

.45

.4

.45

.4

......

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Arkansas River at Salida, Colo.,for 1910.

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24............... 95;

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

275

275

250

238

200

190

190

225

225

238

238

238

212

99^

238

250

OKA

225

238

225

238

250

oen

212

212

238

212

225

Feb.

238

225

212

200

9m

200

212

200

200

200

212

200

OOK

200

200

212

OOK

O9.K

99 K.

225

OOK

250

238

919

Mar.

238

OCA

262

97^

292

OQO

q-m

310

OCA

238

Oqo

Oqc

OCA

250

262

97 *

q-i A

340

375

qcc

358

q7K

qcc

358 v><\

375

Apr.

A-t C

478

478

A."* K

qQK

340

325

325

¥7 *\

41 *\

4QC

435

AKK

435

37K

V7 *\

30*.

q7C

37*.

41 K.

455

/ICC

Ano

cnn

600

760

QAK

1,150

1 640

1 KA9

May.

1

q7C

880

1,225

1,262

1,310

1 360

1,410

1 A.ff\

1,820

2 000

2,240

2,280

1,840

i f^nn

1,160

1,070

1,010

Q9/1

arm

1 040

1,670

1,720

i 74n

1 580

1 445

1 4<15

1,670

2

AKA

2,608

2

9KE

June.

2 onn

2,300

9 >W?

2,450

2,450

2,665

2 450

2 200

2,003

1 Ri^i

1,718

1,625

1,718

1 QRA

1 one

2

AA,q

1 O/1R

1,670

1,765

i Ri^i

1,670

1,535

1 71 R

1,670

1,625

i fiftn

1,625

1 CQK

1 4Qfi

July.

1,535

1,445

1,315

1,315

1,272

1,190

822

665

665

79 K

635

555

555

530

COA

5fiA

Att

qco

41 K

41 K.

CAC

CAC

455

43 K.

41^

^7P;

39^

q7K

555 79>;

sfin

Aug.

480

455 d^fi

480

555

505

415

qac

41^

415

41 1

415

A1*i

415

qnc

34H

q/iA

q7C

>iqc

4.CC

41 K

qac

435

41 K.

375

Q7K

q7K

qnc

qoc

375

CAR

Sept.

SSS

758

758

435

395

358

340

ooe

310

91 K

185

195

1QK

OftK

1QK

91 K.

99 K

265

325

00 C

340

qnC

qoc.

00 C

310

OQC

40 C

435

OftA

325

Oct.

V><{

250

OCA

238

238

225

238 9Kfi

280

OCA

99 *\

OQQ

OOQ

oqo

OCA

265

295

265

90 fi

Oon

265

41 fi

325

OftA

OAK

265

OCA

OCA

OCA

OKA

265

Nov.

280

265

265

280

280

265

265

265

OCA

OCA

OCA

OAK

OKA

265

250

OOQ

oqo

OCA

oqo

oqo

250

OtAOCA

250

250

238

00 C

oqo

99K

Dec.

225

225

225

23S

205

205

91 f»

225

991

225

91 *

205

lOS

185

195

185

18fi

185

1 QC

ice

Iftk

1 fiA

ICA

1 ftA

1 fin

17E

175

17E

175

17S

NOTE. These discharges were obtained as follows:

Jan. 1 to May 5, from a rating curve which is well defined between 225 and 1,080 second-feet.

May 6 to 24, indirect method for shifting channels.

May 25 to Dec. 17, from a rating curve which is well defined between 200 and 1,700 second-feet

Dec. 18 to 31, estimated.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 35

Monthly discharge of Arkansas River at Salida, Colo., for 1910. 

[Drainage area, 1,160 square miles.]

Month.

April..............................

May...............................

July...............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

275 

250 

375 

1,640 

2,608 

2,665 

1,535 

555 

758 

415 

280 

238

2,665

Minimum.

190 

200 

238 

325 

880 

1,490 

325 

325 

185 

225 

225

Mean.

232 

215 

295 

553 

1,530 

1,910 

686 

417 

341 

265 

253 

198

 575

Per 

square 

mile.

0.200 

.185 

.254 

.477 

1.32 

1.64 

.591 

.359 

.294 

.228 

.218 

.171

.496

Run-off.

Depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.

0.23 

.19 

.29 

.53 

1.52 

1.83 

.68 

.41 

.33 

.26 

.24 

.20

6.71

Total in 

acre-feet.

14,300 

11,900 

18,100 

32,900 

93,900 

115,000 

42,200 

25,600 

20,300 

16,300 

15,100 

12,200

418,000

ARKANSAS RIVER AT CANON CITY, COLO.

This station, which was established April 17, 1889, is located at the 

mouth of the canyon, just below the suspension footbridge at Hot 

Springs Hotel, about 1J miles above the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad depot at Canon City, Colo.

The records at this point show the greater part of the run-off of the 

river and are valuable both for power and irrigation projects.

Grape Creek enters about one-eighth of a mile above the station 

and Oil Creek comes in about 5 miles below. The drainage area comprises about 3,000 square miles. North and South Canyon ditches 

divert water above the station, and their flow is not included in the 

run-off. No accurate records have been kept of the discharge in 

these canals, but the combined flow is from 50 to 100 second-feet 

during the irrigation season. Some water is also diverted for the 

irrigation of a few thousand acres on the upper Arkansas and its 

tributaries.

The flow of the river is affected by ice for three or four months 

during the winter season.

On October 4, 1895, a new rod gage was established on the left 

bank, opposite the original gage and at the same datum. This gage 

read 0.4 foot lower than the old gage at low stages, but at high water 

both gages read the same. This new gage was used until August 26, 

1902, when another gage was established on the right bank at the 

datum of the original gage, though it is situated a short distance 

farther downstream. The present chain gage is a few feet upstream 

from the cable. In September, 1909, the State engineer established 

a Bristol self-recording gage near the location of the chain gage, but 

with a datum 2 feet higher. Both gages have been read since that time. 

Measurements are made from a cable, or by wading at low stages.
36 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

As the stream bed is rough it is difficult to obtain very accurate 

measurements at high stages. Moreover, the channel is subject to 

considerable shifting, which makes the estimates of daily discharge 

rather uncertain, especially after violent flood.

Discharge measurements of Arkansas River at Canon City, Colo., in 19JO.

Date.

Jan. 19o

Peb. 23

26

10

30

29

23

July 22

Aug. 3

12

17

176

20

Oct. 1

28«

Nov. 24»

Hydrographer.

.....do.....................................................

Thos. Grieve. ..............................................

.....do.....................................................

G.H.Russell..............................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

G. H. Russell. .............................................

S. T. Harding... ...........................................

Width.

Feet. 

86

95

96

97

97

101

104

107

104

103

95

93

99

87

93

80

92

92

72

76

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

132

158

159

168

180

359

286

347

336

300

158

151

122

105

107

92

121

19Q

107

104

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.9

4.04

4.0

4.32

4.18

5.82

5.35

5.82

5.57

5.28

4.15

4.1

3-95

3.71

3.71

3.62

3.86

3.83

3.7

3.7

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

402

496

477

611

559

2,290

1,540

2,110

1, 770

1 W*

520

572

453

343

360

94Q

345

407

345

284

Discharge slightly affected by ice. & Made by wading. c Made from suspension bridge.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Arkansas River at Canon City, Colo., for 1910. 

[S. R. McKissick, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

4...............

5...............

6.... ...........

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

19

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24. ..............

25...............

26...............

97

28...............

29............... "Jft

91

Jan.

4 30

4.3

A ftE

3.85

3 9

3.7

3.65

3.8

3.95

4.05

4.0

4 AE

4 0

4.0

4.1

4.05

4.1

3.95

3.9

3.95

3 9

3.95

4.0

4

nc

4.0

3.8

3

0

3.75

3.85

q 7E

Feb.

 1 Q

3.8

3

7E

3.7

3 7

3.75

3

0 =

3

QE

3.8

3.8

3.85

3

Q

3

QE

3 9

3

E

3.5

3.65

3 9

3.9

3 Q

4.0

4.05

3 Q

3

QE

4.0

3.8

3.85

Mar.

3.85

4 0

4.0

4.05

4.05

4 3

4.3

4.3

4.3 4 "K

A ftK

A ftK

4.00

A ftK

4.05

4.05

4.05

4.1

4.15

4.2

4.25

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.25

4

0

4

0

4.25

4.25

Apr.

4 1

4.25

4.35

4.25

4.3

4.1

4 AP;

4.1

4.1

A 11

4.2

A 9K

4.35

A CE

A OE

A 9E

A Q

4 9*i

4.2

4.2

A OE

4

0

4.35

4.4

4

E

4.7

4 Q

5

0

5

OC

C Q

May.

5.45

5.15

E OK

5

QE

5

Q

E 0

5.4

5 4

5.65

5 Q

6.05

6.1

5.9

5.55

5.35

5

0

5.1

5.1

5.15

5.8

5.75

5.6

5

C

5.45

5.5

5 AC

5.6

6

AK

6.65

June.

6.55

6.5

6.5

ft 4K

fi QK

6.2

6.05

5.85

5.65

5.6

5-5

5.45 1 4ci

i li

5.5 *. ft

E 0

5

1 K

5.1

5 1 P\

5.15

5.15

5 4

*. 9

5.2

E 0

5

0

5.15

5.1

July.

5.1

5.1

5.05

5.0

5 A

4 9

4.75

4.3

4

0

4.3

4.25

4.2

4 05

4 0

3.9

3 9

3.85

3.8

3.8

4.0

3 95

4.15

4.1

4.0

3.9

3.8

3 7

3.7

4.95

A 4

4 6

Aug.

4.3

4.15

4

0

4.15

4.35

4.35

4

ftE

3.95

4.3

4 0^

3.95

3

QC

4.0

3.95

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.75

3.85

3.85

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.75

3.75

3.75

3.7

40

Sept.

4.25

4.3

4.3

4 0^

3.8

3.8

3 7

3 fi

3.6

3

E

3.5

3

C

3.5

3.55

3.6

3.6

3.65

3.65

3.95

3.9

3.75

3.75

3.8

3.65

3.7

3.7

3.75

4.15

3.85

o ce

Oct.

3.8

3.7

3

E

3

E

3.4

3.5

3

C

3.5

3.55

3.55

3.45

3.4

3.5

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.7

3.75

3.7

3.95

3.7

3.7

4.15

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.55

q c

Nov.

3.6

3.85

3.8

3.85

3.8

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.65

3.65

3.55

3.65

3.6

3.6

3.65

3.7

3.65

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

Dec.

3.55

3.5 3 15

3 151!

3.5

3.45

3

CC

3 AC

3.75

3 AC

3.65

3.7

3.75

3.7

3.7

3.65

3.7

3.65

3.65

3.8

3.8

3.75

3.65

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.65

3.55

3.55

^ i

NOTE. Gage heights affected by ice, Jan. 1-19.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. ' 87 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Arkansas River at Canon City, Colo.,for 1910.

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29. ..............

OA

31.......'.......

Jan.o

340

340

340

340

340

340

340

340

340

340

340"

340

340

340

340

340

340

340

410

435

410

435

460

488

460

360

360

338

385

385

338

Feb.

410

360

338

315

315

338

385

435

338

360

360

385

410

435

410

240

240

295

410

410

410

460

488

410

435

460

360

385

Mar.

385

460

460

488

488

640

640

640

640

645

488

488

460

488

488

488

488

515

645

575

608

608

640

640

640

608

640

575

608

645

608

Apr.

640

608

675

675

575

515

488

515

515

645

575

608

675

822

675

675

640

608

575

575

608

640

675

710

785

940

1,120

1,520

2,180

2,120

Maj

1,9?

1,ft«

1,3f

1,46

1,57

1,59

1,5?

1,6?

1,62

1,9?

2,2F

2,4f

2,81

2,53

?,,?£

1,8(1

1,57

1>?

1,3

1,3

1,3

2,1

2,0

1,8

1,7

1,ftS

V'

1,95

1,8f

3,0^

3,3(

1 f

n

1

11

1

n )

i

i

0D

0

11

n

n

n

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

[0

n

 0

0

iO

m

June.

3,160

3,090

3.090

3,020

2,880

2,670

2,460

2,180

1,920

1,860

1,740

1,680

1,680

1,800

1,680

1,740

1,860

1,-520

1,360

1,310

1,360

1,360

1,360

1,620

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,520

1,360

1,310

July.

1,310

1,310

1,260

1,210

1,210

1,120

982

640

640

640

608

575

488

460

410

410

385

360

360

460

435

545

515

460

410

360

315

315

1,160

710

860

Aug.

fi/m

645

575

645

675

675

488

435

640

488

435

435

460

435

410

360

315

338

385

385

360

360

360

410

360

360

338

338

338

315

460

Sept.

640

640

488

360

360

315

275

275

240

240

240

240

258

275

275

295

295

435

410

338

338

360

295

315

315

338

645

385

258

Oct.

360

315

240

240

208

240

240

240

268

268

224

208

240

208

240

240

315

338

315

435

315

315

645

315

315

315

315

315

275

258

240

Nov.

971

OQE

360

360

385

360

275

275

275

275

275

275

275

275

275

295

295

258

275

295

275

275

275

295

315

295

275

275

275

275

Dec.

268

240

240

258

240

224

268

295

338

295

295

315

338

315

315

295

315

295

295

360

360

338

295

315

315

315

315

295

268

268

240

NOTE. These discharges are .....__ __... _...___ . _ 

second-feet. Discharge Jan. 1 to 18 estimated on ac

Monthly discharge of Arkansas R

<> 340 second-feet estimate I mean per day Jan. 1 to 18.

based on a rating curve which is fairly well defined between 250 and 2,400

3ount of ice.

ver at Canon City, Colo.,for 1910.

Month.

March. . ...........................................

April..............................................

May...............................................

July...............................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

488 

640 

2,180 

3,300 

3,160 

1,310 

675 

640 

545 

385 

360

3,300

Minimum.

240 

385 

488 

1,310 

1,310 

315 

315 

240 

208 

268 

224

Mean.

367 

378 

553 

783 

1,890 

1,890 

675 

441 

355 

287 

295 

293

685

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

22,600 

21,000 

34,000 

46,600 

116,000 

112,000 

41,500 

27,100 

21,100 

17,600 

17,600 

18,000

495,000

Accuracy.

D.

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. . B. 

C.

ARKANSAS RIVER AT PUEBLO, COLO.

This station was established September 30, 1894, at the Santa Fe 

Avenue Bridge, Pueblo, Colo. On July 10, 1898, another gage was 

established on the east side of Main Street Bridge, which was used 

until March 3, 1900. Then a staff gage fastened to the retaining wall, 

a short distance below the Union Avenue Bridge, was used to July 14,
38 BUKFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PAET VII.

1902. From July 14, 1902, until July 7, 1905, readings were taken at 

a rod gage, having a different datum, located just above this bridge. 

The present chain gage on the Main Street Bridge has been in use 

since July 7, 1905. Measurements are made from this bridge.

As this station is near the head of the principal irrigated portion 

of the Arkansas Valley and above the head gates of thelarger canals, 

the data are especially valuable to water superintendents and the 

State water commissioners in making distribution of water to the 

canals below.

No important tributaries enter within several miles above the 

station. Fountain Creek enters just below, and the Huerfano, the 

most important tributary in that vicinity, comes in about 20 miles 

below.

At various points above this station water is diverted for the irrigation of about 70,000 acres of land. The diversion for the Pueblo 

water supply also takes out above. Additional filings for irrigation 

above this station on the Arkansas are impossible, except for storage 

on some of the minor tributaries.

Slush and flowing ice are usually found at this station during the 

winter months and sometimes the river is frozen over or affected by 

ice jams below, but the results are rarely influenced by ice conditions 

for more than two months during the year. As noted above, numerous changes have been made in the datum of the gage.

Very good measurements can be obtained at this point, although 

the channel sometimes shifts considerably during floods.

Discharge measurements of Arkansas River at Pueblo, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

Feb. 23

25

Mar. 3

16 c

22

31<*

28

29

30

May 14

31

June 9

9

23

July 23

Aug. 16

Sept. 16

Oct. 4

Nov. 23

Hydrographer.

.....do.....................................................

G. H. Russell. . ...........................................

Thos. Grieve ..............................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

C. L. Chatfield..... .......................................

G.H.Russell.............................................

A. A. Weiland...... ......................................

.....do....................... . ... .......................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

G.H.Russell.............................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do...................... .... .........................

.....do.....................................................

S. T. Harding .............................................

Width.

Feet. 

72

75

114

150

69

150

75

136

151

150

151

151

151

151

151

151

74

70

64

64

122

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

147

147

178

228

104

164

124

181

275

339

422

445

511

377

374

310

161

136

98

89

129

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.55

2.80

2.65

2.88

2.24

2.55

2.45

2.58

3.28

3.62

4.07

4.50

4.86

3.93

3.91

3.46

2.40

2.20

1.87

1.88

2.10

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

478

6444

575

835

351

556

478

606

1.220

1,560

2,170

2,500

3,020

1,760

1,760

1,260

396

322

185

160

313

a Made at Victoria Avenue Bridge. Ice along bank. 

6 Discharge liable to error; meter froze. 

cMade at Victoria Avenue Bridge. 

dMade at Union Avenue Bridge.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Arkansas River at Pueblo, Coto., for 1910. 

[David J. Cox, observer.]

Day.

1......... ......

2...............

3.... ...........

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

1Q

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

4.25

3.0

2.9

2.6

2.8

2.9

3.05

3.25

3.6

3.75

3.9

3.95

3.7

3.3

3.15

3.1

3.05

2.85

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.7

2.7

2.8

2.8

2.65

2.6

2.6

2.55

2.6

2.55

Feb.

2.6

2.5

2.45

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.4

2.45

2.4

2.4

2.45

2.5

2.35

2.1

9 1

2.35

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.65

2.8

2.5

2.55

Mar.

2.5

2.55

2.65

2.65

2.7

2.9

2.85

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.4

2.25

2.25

2.3

2.35

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.25

2.45

2.6

2.6

2.65

2.7

2/65

2.6

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.5

Apr.

2.6

2.6

2.85

2.75

2.65

2.55

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.6

2.6

2.75

2.75

2.65

2.55

2.5

2.7

2.55

2.6

2.65

2.75

2.75

2.75

2.85

3.0

3.15

3.3

3.6

4.1

May.

1 Q

3.75

3.65

3.35

3.6

3.65

3.5

3.65

3.7

3.95

4.1

4.25

4.5

4.55

4.4

3.9

3.7

3.55

3.55

3.5

3.6

3.95

4.15

4.0

3.9

3.85

Q 7

3.8

4.1

4.4

4.95

June.

5.05

4. Q

4.75

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.3

4.05

3.95

3 Q

3.8

3.8

3.85

3.8

3.85

3.9

4.1

3.8

3.5

3.4

3.45

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.65

3.65

3.6

3.65

3.7

3.6

July.

3.6

3.45

3.4

3.4

3.35

3.25

3.2

3.0

2.6

2.75

2.7

2.7

3.2

2.5

2.25

2.3

2.3

2.25

2.2

2.3

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.35

2.3

2.2

2.1

2.0

2.95

4.1

3.0

Aug.

2.6

2.6

2.3

3.85

3.25

2.95

2.8

2.6

2.45

2.65

2.55

2.45

2.75

2.6

2.6

2.35

2.0

2.2

1.95

2.1

2.4

2.25

2.15

2.15

2.2

2.15

2.15

2.05

2.05

2.0

2.1

Sept.

2.5

2.7

2.7

2.2

2.1

2.05

1.95

1.85

1.85

1.8

1.8

1.85

2.3

1.85

1.9

1.8

1.9

1.9

2.3

2.15

2.1

2.1

2.05

1.95

1.95

1 Q

2.1

2.1

2.1

Oct.

2.0

2.0

1.85

1.9

1 q

1.75

1.85

1 Q

1.7

1.85

2.05

1.85

2.0

2.05

1.9

2.1

2.1

2.15

2.2

2.25

2.25

2.3

2.35

2.3

2.35

2.35

2.25

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.3

Nov.

2.2

2

0

2.2

2.15

2.2

2.2

2.25

2.2

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.1

2.15

2.2

2.3

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.15

2.1

2.1

2.05

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.05

Dec.

9 n

2.0

2.05

2.05

2.1

2.05

2 A

2.05

2.0

2.2

2.05

2.05

2.0

2.05

1.95

1.9

1.85

2.0

2.05

1.9

2.0

2.2

2.05

2.1

2.15

2.1

2.05

2.05

2.05

2.05

2.1

NOTE. Gage heights probably affected by ice Jan. 1 to 20. Ice may also have existed at times during 

December, but the gage heights were probably not materially changed thereby.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Arkansas River at Pueblo, Colo.,for 1910.

Day.

1...............

2...............

$:::::::::::-: 5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25................

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

350

350

350 

350

350

375

375

375

375

375

400

400

400

400

400

450

450

450

450

480

515

580

580

650

650

548

515

515

482

515

482

Feb.

515

450

422 

395

395

450

422

422

422

395

422

395

395

422

450

368

240

340

368

450

450

450

515

580

548

650

450

482

Mar.

520

555

630 

630

670

840

795

670

670

590

455

360

360

390

422

390

390

390

360

487

590

590

. 630

670

630

590

670

590

590

590

520

Apr.

590

590

795 

710

630

555

520

455

455

590

590

590

710

710

630

555

520

670

555

590

630

710

710

710

795

930

1,080

1,230

1,560

2,180

May.

1,740

1,560

1,460 

1,140

1,400

1,460

1,290

1,460

1,510

1,800

1,980

2,180

2,500

2,570

2,370

1,740

1,510

1,340

1,340

1 OQfi

1,400

1,800

2,040

1,860

1,740

1,680

1,510

1,620

1,980

2,370

3,110

June.

3,250

3,040

2,840 

2,770

2,640

2,500

2,240

1,920

1,800

1,740

1,620

1,620

1,680

1,620

1 680

1,740

1,980

1,290

i ion

1,240

1,290

1,290

.1,290

1,460

1,460

1,400

1,460

1,510

1,400

July.

1,400

1,240

1,190 

1,190

1,140

1,040

990

810

515

615

580

580

990

450

315

340

340

315

290

340

290

340

395

368

Q4fl

9on

240

200

768

1,980

810

Aug.

590

590

390

1,860

1,180

885

750

590

488

630

488

710

590

eon

422

220

330

195

97O

455

360

300

300

330

300

300

245

245

99O

270

Sept.

520

670

670 

590

330

270

245

195

150

150

130

130

150

390

170

130

170

170

son

300

270

270

245

195

195

170

270

270

270

Oct.

220

220

150 

170

170

110

150

170

90

150

245

150

220

245

170

270

270

300

330 Qfin

360

390

422

390

422

422

360

390

son

330

390

Nov.

330

330

330 

300

330

330

360

330

300

300

300

300

270

300

330

390

360

360

360

360

360

300

270

270

245

300

300

300

onn

245

Dec.

220

220

245 

245

270

245

220

245

220

330

245

245

220

245

195

170

150

220

220

195

220

330

245

270

300

270

245

245

245

245

270

NOTE. These discharges were obtained as follows: 

Jan. 1 to 20 estimated on account of ice.

Jan. 21 to Feb. 28 and May 1 to July 31 based on a rating curve which is well denned between 250 and 3,000 

second-feet.

Mar. 1 to Aug. 30 based on a rating curve which is well defined between 250 and 2,700 second-feet. 

Aug. 1 to Dec. 31 based on a rating curve which is not well defined.
40 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Monthly discharge of Arkansas River at Pwblo, Colo.,for 1910.

Month.

April. .............................................

July...............................................

August ............................................

The year. ...................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

650 

650 

840 

2,180 

3,110 

3,250 

1,980 

1,860 

670 

422 

390 

330

3,250

Minimum.

240 

360 

455 

1,140 

1,190 

200 

195 

130 

90 

245 

150

90

Mean.

450 

438 

556 

752 

1,770 

1,820 

667 

505 

274 

272 

315 

240

672

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

27,700 

24,300 

34,200 

44,700 

109,000 

108,000 

41,000 

31,100 

16, 300 

16,700 

18,700 

14,800

486,000

Accuracy.

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C.

ARKANSAS RIVER NEAR NEPESTA, COLO.

This station, which is located at the dam of the Oxford Farmers 

Canal Co., about 1J miles above Nepesta, has been maintained at 

various times and was reestablished in 1909 by the State engineer, 

by whom it is maintained.

A vertical staff gage is spiked to a pile above upper face of dam 

near right bank. On August 23, 1910, a Bristol automatic gage was 

installed. Both gages are at the same datum. Measurements are 

made from the highway bridge seven-eighths of a mile below the dam 

during high water and by wading at low water.

The section is fair, the bed of the stream is sandy and shifting. 

Gage heights are affected by ice during winter.

Discharge measurements of Arkansas River near Nepesta, Colo., in

Date.

Jan. 24

Mar. 2

<m

Sept. 16

Hydrographer.

Thos. Grieve. .............................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

C. L. Chatfleld. ...........................................

A. A. Weiland. ...........................................

Widh.

Feet. 

134

159

152

47

Area of 

section.

Sq.feet. 

338

175

398

384

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

«8.30

.80

.60

1.50

.44

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,070

574

422

1.680

90

o Distance from top of cylindrical pier, right, upstream side, to water surface. 

& Made by wading.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Arkansas River near Nepesta, Colo., for 1910.

Day.

1...............

3...............

4............... 

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

g

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

Jan. Feb.

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0 

1.0

.8

.8

.8 

.7

.7

.7 

.7

.7

.7

.7

Mar.

0.7

.8

.9

1.0

.8

.8

.9

.9

.7

.7 

.6

.6

.6

.6

Apr.

0.7

.7

.7

.9 

.9

.7

.8

.6 

.6

.6

.6 

.6

.6

.9

.9

May.

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.1

1.2 

1.25

1.2

1.4 

1.4

1.5

1.4

1.2

June.

1.7

1.7

1.5

1.5 

1.4

1.4

1.2

1.2 

1.1

1.1

1.1 

1.2

1.1

1.25

1.3

July.

1.0

.9

.9

.9 

.8

.7

.7

.7 

.5

.4

1.7

.8

.8

.7

.9

Aug.

1.1

1.8

.7

1.7 

2.8

1.5

1.0

.7 

.7

2.0

.5

.7

2.0

2.0

1.0

Sept.

0.45

.55

.55

.5

.4

.3

.5

.45 

.4

.35

.4 

.4

.4

.4

.5

Oct.

0.0

.0

.0

.0 

.25

.0

.0

.0 

.2

.0

.0 

.05

.1

.0

.2

Nov.

0.7

.55

.75

.75 

.75

.6

.45

.5

.4

.1

.0 

.0

.0

.4

.4

Dec-

......
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASItf. 41 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Arkansas River near Nepesta, Colo., for 1910 Continued.

Day.

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27.........

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

0.9

9

9

.9

.8

Feb.

0.7

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.7

.7

1.0

1.0

1.0

.9

.8

Mar.

0.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.7

.7

.6

.6

.7

.7

.7

.7

Apr.

0.6

.8

.7

.7

.7

95

9

.8

1.1

1.1

1.5

May.

1.0

1.0

.7

1.2

1 3

1.1

1.0

9

1.1

1 9*.

1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

1.4

June.

1.25

1 Q

1 9^

1.2

1.05

1.0

1.1

1.1

1.2

1 9

1.0 1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

July.

0.5

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.5

.6

.6

.6

.4

.4

.5

.5

Aug.

0.7

.6

1.4

.4

.5

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.8

.6

.65

.5

.4

Sept.

0.5

.4

.4

.4

.9

.6

.6

.5

.5

qc

.15

.0

.0

.0

Oct.

0.0

45

.2

.3

.75

.65

.75

7*

.75

.85

QC

.85

.75

.75

Nov.

O r

4541;

.5

.75

 7Z.

.6

.5

.4

.0

,0

.0

.0

.0

.0

Dec.

ARKANSAS RIVER AT HOLLY, COLO.

This station, which was established October 15, 1907, is located 

at the pile highway bridge one-half mile southeast of Holly, Colo., 

about 4 miles above the Colorado-Kansas line.

As no important diversions are made between the two points, the 

data obtained at this station have special value as showing the 

amount of surface water passing from Colorado to Kansas.

The station is just above the mouth of Wild Horse Creek and 

about 1 mile below the mouth of Two Butte Creek. The drainage 

area is about 25,000 square miles.

As nearly half a million acres of land are under irrigation above 

this point, most of the ordinary flow of the stream is diverted during 

the irrigation season, while during the winter months it is used to 

fill up the numerous storage reservoirs in the basin. Except during 

periods of heavy flood, the flow at Holly consists chiefly of return 

waters. The stream flow is little affected by ice.

The gage heights here published have all been referred to the same 

datum, though a rod gage at a different datum was used during part 

of 1908. During high stages measurements are made from highway 

bridge and during low stages by wading at miscellaneous sections.

Fairly good measurements can be taken at this point, but in order 

to obtain accurate records of daily discharge it is necessary to take 

them frequently on account of the extremely shifting character of 

the channel.

Discharge measurements of Arkansas River near Holly, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

Feb. 28

Apr. 28

30

May 9

Sept. 2

Hydrographer.

.....do.....................................................

C. L. Ohatfield.... . .......................................

.....do.....................................................

Width.

Feet.

238

60

30

38

Area of 

section.

Sq. feet. 

274

410

43

27

6.8

1,540

9.2

Gage 

height.

Feet.

2.80

1.45

1.31

1.05

4.55

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

684

1,050

54

32

6.6

5,290

7.5
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Arkansas River at Holly, Colo.,for 1910. 

[S. W. Jones, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8........---.--.

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15. ..............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19

20. ..............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24. .............

25. ..............

26. ..............

27...............

28...............

29..............

30...............

31

Jan.

2.2

2.45

3.95

6.1

5.4

5.65

5.7

5.65

5.35

5.15

5.5

5.45

5.2

4.9

4.35

5.6

5.4

5.45

5.25

4.8

4.75

4.75

4.75

4.85

5.05

4.85

4.95

4.55

A O£

Feb.

4.05

4.0

4.0

3.8

3.9

5.55

3.45

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.05

3.0

2.95

9 "1

2.8

2.8

2.65

2.6

2.95

2.75

2.7

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.75

3.0

2.85

Mar.

2.65

2.35

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.0

1 9

1 9

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.75

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1 C

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1 ^

1.3

1.4

1.4

Apr.

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.35

1.3

1.3

1 ^

1.3

1.3

1.3

1 CC

1.6

1.6

1 8";

9 3

2.6

2.45

2.3

1.95

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.3

1 3

May.

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.35

1.6

2.25

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.95

1.7

l.fi

June.

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.8

1.95

1.75

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.0

.9

1.0

1.0

1.0

.9

.9

.9

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

July.

1.1

1.2

1.0

1.0

1.0

.9

.9

.9

.9

.9

.9

1.0

2.15

1.7

1.5

1.45

1.4

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

.9

.9

.9

.8

.8

2.1

Aug.

6.35

3.6

3.15

3.1

3.0

4.2

3.55

3.15

2.05

2.5

2.9

2.9

2.35

2.05

2.3

3.05

2.3

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.65

1.45

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.35

1.4

Sept.

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

Oct.

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

Nov.

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

Dec.

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.?

1.?

1.?,

1.3,"

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1 X

1.3

1.3

1.3f

1.3

1.3£

1.3

1.3

1.3

NOTE. Gage heights Jan. 1 to Feb. 15 affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Arkansas River at Holly, Colo.,for 1910.

Day.

1......................

2......................

3......................

4......................

5......................

6......................

7......................

8......................

9......................

10......................

11......................

12................... ..

13......................

14......................

15......................

16......................

17......................

18......................

19......................

20......................

21 ......................

22......................

23......................

24......................

25......................

26......................

27......................

28......................

29......................

30......................

31......................

Feb.

1,020

1.020

838

7SO

1,240

958

895

1.020

1,020

1,020

958

1,310

1,090

Mar.

838

550

437

437

369

369

241

211

186

186

186

162

139

100

100

100

inn

69

100

inn

69

46

46

46

46

29

29

Aa

46

Apr.

46

29

29

on

38,

29

9Q

29

on

29

29

84

100

100

214

780

509

272

13Q

139

100

fiQ

69

AT.

9Q

9Q

May.

29

17

17

17

17

17

17

17

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

38

100

473

OCQ

^fU

30-1

304

272

139

1 An

June.

100

100

69

69

186

272

162

100

69

69

46

46

29

29

23

17

2

0

2

2

2

0

0

0

o

2

2

2

2

2

July.

8

17

2

2

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

403

139

69

58

46

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

0

0

0

0

0

OftQ

Aug.

12,000

2,480

1,560

1,470

1,310

4,140

2,360

1,560

838

675

1,160

1,160

549

336

509

1,390

509

304

304

241

186

186

120

58

9Q

9Q

29

46

46

38

46

Sept.

46

29

17

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

Oct.

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

Nov.

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

Dec.

8

8

8

8

8

8

17

29

17

17

17

17

17

17

17

17

17

38

46

29

29

29

29

29

29

38

29

38

29

29

9O

NOTE. These discharges were obtained from a rating curve which is well defined below 5,500 second-feet.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 

Monthly discharge of Arkansas River at Holly, Colo., for 1910.

Month.

Feb. 16-28 .........................................

April........... ..................................

July...............................................

September ........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,310 

838 

780 

473 

272 

403 

12,000 

46 

8 

8 

46

Minimum.

780 

29 

29 

5 

0 

0 

29 

8 

8 

8 

8

Mean.

1,010 

186 

147 

84.4 

50.2 

36.5 

1,150 

10.3 

8.0 

8.0 

22.5

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

26,000 

11,400 

8,750 

5,190 

2,990 

2,240 

70.700 

'613 

492 

476 

1,380

130,000

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D.

NOTE. During the period Jan. 1 to Feb. 15,1910, the gage heights were distorted by ice to such an extent 

that no estimates for this period have been made.

TWIN LAKES OUTLET NEAR TWIN LAKES, COLO.

This station was established August 6, 1910, by the State engineer, 

by whom it is maintained.

A Bristol automatic gage is located at the timber rating flumehalf a mile below the outlet of Twin Lakes. The flume is of trapezoidal section.

Discharge measurements of Twin Lakes Outlet near Twin Lakes, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

26

Aug. 19

Hydrographer.

A. A. Weiland .................................................

Thos. Grieve. .................................................

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

133

125

37

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.13

4.85

1.65

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

627

548

76

Daily gage height, in feet, of Twin Lakes Outlet near Twin Lakes, Colo., for 1910.

Day.

1............. ...............

2............................

3............................

4............................

5... .........................

6............................

7............................

8............................

9............................

10............................

11............................

12............................

13............................

14............................

15............................

Aug.

0.15

.1

.6

.9

1.2

1.6

1.25

1.25

1.15

.1

Sept.

4.55 4 f.

2.2

.4

.35

.3

.2

.25

.2

.2

.2

.15

.3

.05

.35

Day.

16............................

17............................

18............................

19............................

20............................

21. .................. .........

22............................

oo

24............................

25............................

26............................

97

28............................

29............................

^n

01

Aug.

0.1

.3

1.25

1.55

1.5

1.2

1.25

.95

.8

.75

.65

.8

.15

1.90

3.9

4.45

Sept.

0.85

.8

1.3

.75

.7

1.7

.75

1.4

.8

.8

1.6
44 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Twin Lakes Outlet near Twin Lakes, Colo., for 1910.

Day.

1. ...........................

2............................

3............................

4............................

5............................

6............................

7............................

8............................

9............................

10............................

11............................

12............................

13............................

14............................

15............................

Aug.

4

3

18

30

46

79

49

49

JQ

Sept.

477

120

11

10

8

5

6

5

5

5

8

10

Day.

16............................

17............................

18............................

19............................

20............................

21............................

22............................

23............................

24............................

25............................

26............................

27............................

28............................

29............................

in

31............................

Aug.

3

8

49

68

65

46

49

32

26

24

20

26

4

94

357

467

Sept.

28

26

52

24

22

22

24

58

26

26

72

NOTE. These estimates were furnished by the State engineer of Colorado.

Monthly discharge of Twin Lakes Outlet near Twin Lakes, Colo., for 1910.

Month.

Aug. 6-31 ................................................

Sept. 1-26. . ................................... ........

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

467

487

Minimum.

3

2

Mean.

63.7 

59.3

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

3,280 

3,060

CLEAR CHEEK NEAR GRANITE, COLO.

This station was established May 27, 1910, by the State engineer 

and is maintained by him.

A Bristol automatic gage is located at the rectangular concrete 

rating flume one-fourth mile below the reservoir outlet.

Discharge measurements of Clear Creek near Granite, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

May 5

22

June 12

Hydrographer.

A. A. Weiland............................. ..............

Thos. Grieve ............

A. A. Weiland............. . ...

Width.

Feet. 

20

20

20

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

10.2

28.5

32.2

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

a 0.62

1.40

1.58

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

30.6

22.5

27.1

* Gage height may be in error.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 

Daily gage height, infect, of Clear Creek near Granite, Colo., for 1910.

45

Day.

1. ...........................................

2............................................

3............................................

4............................................

5............................................

6............................................

7............................................

8... ..........................................

9............................................

10............................................

11............................................

12............................................

13............................................

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

21............................................

22............................................

23............................................

24............................................

25............................................

26............................................

27............................................

28............................................

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

May.

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.4

June.

1 45

1.5

1.5

1.55

1.5

1.5

1.55

1.5

1 55

1.5

1.5

1.5 i <;

1.5

1.5

i %

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.45

1.45

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.35

July.

1 45

1.45

1.35

1 Q

1 ^

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.0

.85

.75

.7

.65

.65

.65

.6

.6

.6

i CK

.6

.6

.65

.55

.45

.45

.4

.45

.5

.2

.0

Aug.

0.0.1

.25

oe

.0

.0

.2

.3

.3

.3

.3

.2

.0

.0

.0

.05

.25

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.25

.25

.2

.2

.2

.2

Sept.

0.2

.25

.25

.2

.2

.2

.25

.3

.3

.3

.3

.25

.25

.3

.25

.3

.3

.25

.25

.2

.2

.2

.2

.3

.3

.35 .-3

.35

.3

.2

Oct.

0.2

.2

.15

.2

in

.25

.25

.25

.2

.2

.2

.2

.25

.25

.25

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.25

.25

.25

.2

.2

.2

.25

.25

.25

.2

.2

Nov.

0.25

.25

.25

.25

.25

.25

.25

.25

.2

.2

.25

.25

.2

.2

.25

.2

.2

.25

.25

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Clear Creek riear Granite, Colo., for 1910.

Day.

1.. ..........................................

2............................................

3............................................

4............................................

5............................................

6............................................

7............................................

8............................................

9............................................

10............................................

11............................................

12............................................

13............................................

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

21............................................

22............................................

23............................................

24............................................

25.................................... .......

26............................................

27............................................

28............................................

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

May.

212

212

212

212

225

June.

238

250

250

263

230

250

263

250

263

250

250

250

250

250

250

250

250

250

250

250

250

250

250

238

238

225

225

225

225

212

July.

238

238

212

200

200

176

176

152

128

76

66

57

57

57

48

48

48

40

48

48

57

40

26

26

20

20

26

32

5

0

Aug.

0

2

8

8

5

0

0

5

11

11

11

11

11

5

0

0

0

1

8

5

5

5

5

5

5

8

8

5

5

5

5

Sept.

5

8

8

5

5

5

8

11

11

11

11

8

8

11

8

11

11

8

8

5

5

5

5

11

11

16

11

16

11

5

Oct.

5

5

4

5

4

8

8

8

5

5

5

5

8

8

8

5

5

5

5

5

8

8

8

5

5

5

8

8

8

5

5

Nov.

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

5

5

8

8

5

5

8

5

5

8

8

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

NOTE. These discharges were furnished by the State engineet of Colorado.
46 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Monthly discharge of Clear Creek near Granite, Colo.,for 1910.

Month.

May 27-31.. ..............................................

June. . ...................................................

July.....................................................

The period. ........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

225 

263 

238 

11 

11 

8 

8

Minimum.

212 

212 

0 

0 

5 

4 

5

Mean.

215

246 

85.8 

5.3 

8.7 

6.1 

6.3

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

2,130 

14,600 

5,280 

326 

518 

375 

375

23,600

COTTONWOOD CREEK NEAR BUENA VISTA, COLO.

This station, which was established September 23, 1910, is located 

7 miles west of Buena Vista, 1^ miles west of Hot Springs Hotel, 1 

mile below the junction of South and Middle forks, and 5 miles below 

the junction with North Fork. It is above all diversions.

The gage is a vertical rod fastened on the left bank 100 feet downstream from the Hot Springs tunnel.

Measurements are made by wading at various sections.

The bed of the stream is rocky with some gravel and fairly permanent.

Discharge measurements of Cottonwood Creek near Buena Vista, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

Sept. 23

Oct. 24

Nov. 19

Hydrographer.

S.T. Harding.............................................

.....do.....................................................

Width.

Feet. 

22

24

24

20.5

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft.^

21

22

26

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.33

1.28

1.23

1.15

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 07

33

32

21

Daily gage height, in feet, of Cottonwood Creek near Buena Vista, Colo., for 1910.

[C. A. Mack, observer.]

Day.

1...... .........

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

Sept. Oct.

1.20

1.25

Nov.

1.35

1.30

Dec.

1.20

1.25

Day.

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20. ..............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24............... 9 >!

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Sept.

1.33

1 9H

Oct.

1.30

i.28

1.30

Nov.

1.20

1.23

- 1.20

Dec.

1.25

1.15
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 47

CHALK CHEEK NEAB BT7ENA VISTA, COLO.

This station, which was established September 6, 1910, is located 

near Heywood Hot Springs, about 11 miles southwest of Buena 

Vista, Colo. It is below all tributaries and above all ditches except 

two.

A vertical rod gage is located on the right bank about 1,000 feet 

below the New Heywood Hotel and directly in front of the old hotel.

Measurements are made by wading at various sections.

The bed of the creek is of bowlders and very rough but fairly permanent.

The discharge is affected by ice for about four months each year.

Discharge measurements of Chalk Creek near Buena Vista, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

Sept. 24

Oct. 24

Nov. 19

Dec. 29

Hydrographer.

G. H. Russell..............................................

S. T. Harding.............................................

.....do......................................................

Width.

feet. 

26.5

25

22

19

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

21

18

16

17

Gage 

height.

feet. 

0.44

.38

.32

.26

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

39

31

29

20

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chalk Creek near Buena Vista, Colo., for 1910. 

[C. A. Mack and H. C. Hayes, observers.]

Day.

1. ..............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7. ..............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

Sept.

0.45

.45

Oct.

0.40

Nov.

0.40

Af\

Dec. Day.

16...............

17...............

18...............

in

20...............

21...............

22...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27............... 28.........:.....

9Q

^ft i ^1

Sept.

0.45

45

Oct.

0.38

.40

Nov.

0.32

.30

.30

3O

Dec.

0.35

OK

.26

OIL OB POTJBMILE CHEEK NEAR CANON CITY, COLO.

This station, which was established April 12, 1910, is located 2 

miles from Canon City, Colo., on the highway bridge about 200 feet 

from the main line of the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad.

The station is maintained by the State engineer of Colorado, who 

furnishes the records to the United States Geological Survey.

High-water measurements are made from the highway bridge and 

low-water measurements are made by wading at the same section.

A staff'gage is attached to a pile on the downstream side of the 

right abutment of the highway bridge. The datum of the gage has 

not been changed.
48 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

On account of the shifting character of the channel and the absence 

of data the results at this station have not been entirely satisfactory.

Discharge measurements of Oil or Fourmile Creek near Canon City, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

Apr. 12

Sept 20

Oct. 31

Hydrographer.

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

Width.

Feet. 

37

26

28

Area of

section.

*'ft

9.7

18.8

&.

Feet. 

0.65

.22

.10

Discharge.

Sec.-tt. 

21.3

27. 9

en 7

NOTE. Wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Oil or Fourmih Creek near Canon City, Colo., for 1910.

Day.

1..... .......................................

2............................................

3............................................

4............................................

5............................................

6............................................

7............................................

8............................................

9............................................

10............................................

11............................................

12... ........................................

13............................................

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17. ...........................................

18............................................

19

20............................................

22............................................

23............................................

94

25. ...........................................

27............................................

28............................................

9Q

30............................................

31............................................

Apr.

0.8

.9

QK

.95

1.0

1.0

.85

.85

.75

.85

.85

.85

May.

0,75

.9

.85

.9

.95

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.85

.9

.95

.9

.8

.75

.75

.7

.7

9

.9

.9

QK

.85

.75

.9

.8

.8

.7

.7

June.

0.7

.7

.8

.7

.7

.65

.65

.5

.5

.5

.4

.3

.5

.6

.45

.4

.4

.3

.2

.25

.35

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

July.

0.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.25

.3

.2

.3

.3

.3

.3

.2

.2

.2

.3

.3

.3

1.25

1.75

.5

Aug.

0.5

1.0

.5

1.5

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

.7

.7

.8

.8

.7

1.0

.8

.95

.85

.85

.85

.8

.8

.75

.5

.5

.5

.5

Sept.

0.5

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.6

.6

.6

.7

.7

.6

.5

.5

Oct.

0.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

PURGATORY RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 

DESCRIPTION.

Purgatory 1 River, the principal tributary of Arkansas River in 

Colorado, rises in the Culebra Mountains and flows northeastward 

across the plains for a distance of 165 miles. In the spring the chan 

nel carries a moderate volume of water, but as summer approaches 

the amount is greatly diminished by irrigation and natural conditions 

until the channel is practically dry. The volume of water contributed 

to the Arkansas is so small that it has no appreciable effect on the

* This stream is often termed Las Animas, especially along its lower course, and sometimes it is called 

Picket Wire. It is sometimes spelled Purgatoire.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI B^SIN. 49

discharge of that river except at times of excessive rainfall, when it 

may discharge a large volume for a short time.

The drainage basin of Purgatory River is long and narrow. The 

total area is 3,400 square miles. The 742 square miles lying above 

Trinidad are mountainous and the surface is much broken by stream 

channels, which are normally dry. The lower basin is foothill country, merging into rough plains farther east. Drainage lines are well 

defined throughout part of the area. For 60 miles of its length, commencing 25 miles below Trinidad, Purgatory River flows in a deep 

canyon. Many small tributary canyons enter at various angles to 

the main channel.

In the mountainous portion the Weather Bureau records at Clearview for 15 years give a mean annual rainfall of 23 inches; at Trinidad, 10 years' record, 17 inches. The plains drainage has approximately a mean annual precipitation of 12 inches.

No storage is practiced on this stream. No power has been developed, and because of the abundance of coal in the vicinity of Trinidad 

it is doubtful if power development would be feasible, even under 

very favorable circumstances.

The basin contains about 100 square miles of merchantable timber 

land and a small amount of woodland, all of which is included in 

the Las Animas National Forest.

Some 20,000 acres of land are now being irrigated along Purgatory 

River.

PTJEGATOEY EIVEE AT TEINIDAD, COLO.

This station has been maintained at tjie Animas Street Bridge, 

Trinidad, Colo., from May 1, 1896, to July 31, 1899; from August 25, 

1905, to December 31, 1905; from November 7, 1906, to March 10, 

1907; and from October 14, 1907, to date.

The records furnish information as to flood discharge and are 

valuable also for irrigation projects.

The South Fork joins the upper Purgatory about 14 miles above 

Trinidad. Chaquaqua River, the first important tributary below, 

enters about 60 miles below Trinidad. Considerable water is being 

diverted for irrigation above the station arid some below.

The flow at this point is affected to some extent by ice, though 

the winter discharge is usually small.

The datum of the present chain gage, which has been used since 

August 25, 1905, is 1.70 feet below the datum of the old rod gage 

formerly used. The chain gage is located on the upstream side of 

the Animas Street Bridge.

Low-water measurements are usually made by wading. Measurements at higher stages are made from the bridge, where conditions 

are not favorable. The stream bed is shifting in character, 

8825° WSP 287 11 4
50 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Discharge measurements of Purgatory River at Trinidad, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

Jan. 26

Feb. 8

Mar. 2

2

3

18

Apr. 29

June 23

July 26

16

Oct. 4

23

Hydrographer.

G. H. Russell..............................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

J. B. Stewart. .............................................

J. B. Stewart. .............................................

G. H. Russell.... . .........................................

.....do.....................................................

Width.

Feet. 

18

25

11

11

11

12

56

48

32

27

23

32

29

32

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

10

25

12

12

12

14

75

55

35

17

27

18

10

17

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.35

o3.90

o5.10

o5.10

o5.10

o5.30

4.70

4.28

3.81

3.20

3.52

3.50

3.25

3.50

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

9.4

10.7

27

27

26.5

40

306

150

68

22

48

33

9.7

25.5

o Gage heights distorted by backwater from temporary dam below. 

NOTE. Measurements made at various sections.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Purgatory River at Trinidad, Colo., for 1910. 

[H. D. Albertson, observer.]

Day.

1...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18.. .............

19...............

20............... 

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

4.8

3.85

3.55

3.55

3.5

3.45

3.5

3.45

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.55

3.35

3.35

3.5

3.6

3.6

3.55

3.6

3.6 

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.5

3.55

3.5

3.5

3.55

3.55

3.55

Feb.

3.55

1 nn

3.5

3.55

3 7

3.65

1 7

3.7

3.65

3.65

3.7

3.75

3

7C

3.75

3.75

3.75

3.6

3.55

3.6

3.55 

3.55

3.55

3.6

3.45

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

Mar.

5 OK

5

qC

5 AC

5.4

5 A

5.4

c oe

5.35

K qe

5.35

5.35

c oe

5

qe

5

qC

5 OK

c A

K A

5.4

5 A

5.4 

5 4

C AC

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

5 4

e A

5.35

5.3

Apr.

5.35

5.35

c A

K A

5.5

5.35

5.3

e o

c A

K A

C A

4.75

4 7

4

c

4.5

A qe

4.3

A qe

4.45 

4 65

4.5

4 si;

4.35

4.4

4.4

A AK

4.6

4

0

4.7

May.

4.65

4.6

4.45

4. 45

4 55

4.6

4.6

4 55

4.5

4.6

4 6

4.6

4.75

4

QC

A QK

4.7

4. 7

4

c

4.5

4.45

4 4

4 AC

A K

4.5

4.45

4 4

4.4

4.4

<i i;

4.45

June.

4.5

4.55

4.5

A K

4.45

A AC

4.4

A QC

A. **

4.25

4.25

4 2

4.2

4 1 £.

4.15

4.1

4.05

A (\K

4.05 

4.0

3 Q

3

Q

3.8

3.8

3.8

3

7C

3.7

4 1

3.75

July.

3.7

3.7

3 7

3.7

3.6

3.5

3

AK

3.45

3

qC

3.35

3.35

3

QC

3.85

3.75

3.55

3

qe

3.3

3 9

3

1

3.65 

3.95

3

QC

3.3

4.85

3.25

3.2

3.15

3.2

3.4

5.0

5.0

Aug.

3 O

3.6

1 a

3.55

1 7

3.7

1 7

3.7

3

0C

4.0

4.2

4.2

3

QK

A q*

3.75

4

7C

3.35

3.8

3.65

3.4 

3.35

3.35

3.7

3.65

3.7

3.7

3.65

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.7

Sept.

3.7

1 M

3.6

3.5

q *\

3.5

3.5

3.45

3.4

3

qe

3 AC

3.45

3.4

3.65

3.4

3.4

1 A.Z.

3.5 

3.65

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.35

3.3

3.25

3.2

3.2

Oct.

3.25

3.25

3.25

3.25

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.15

3.15

3.15

3.1

3

1

3

1

3.1

3

1

3.1

1 A.

3.55 

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.45

3.45

3.4

3.4

Nov.

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

1 A

3.4

3 A.

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.35

3

OC

3.35

3.35

3

qe

3.35

3.35

3.35

3.35 

3.35

3.35

3.35

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.35

3.35

3.35

Dec.

3.35

3

qK

3.35

NOTE. Discharge affected by ice at times during January, February, and December. Gage heights 

Feb. 8-Mar. 18 distorted by construction and removal of cofferdams immediately below the gage.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 51 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Purgatory River c& Trinidad, Colo.,for 1910.

Day.

l.. .........................

2...........................

3...........................

4...........................

5...........................

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9...........................

10. ..........................

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

19...........................

20...........................

21 ...........................

22...........................

23...........................

24...........................

25...........................

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Apr.

40

4n

40

40

40

40

40

40

40

40

40

3°0

300

225

180

165

180

210

OOfi

225

ion

1QK

195

210

260

340

300

May.

280

9Rfi

210

260

260

225

260

260

260

320

408

362

300

300

99 E

210

195

210

225

210

QOK

91 fl

1QC

195

1QK

ooc

June.

225

225

225

210

195

91 fl

180

165

154

154

149

131

131

120

1OQ

109

109

98

80

65

65

65

65

CO

50

120

CO

July.

56

56

56

56

46

35

on

30

23

90

23

107

92

75

47

30

24

16

10

55

19Q

19Q

OQ

460

26

22

16

1Q

O?

515

515

Aug.

115

62

48

55

7K

75

70

70

92

120

160

160

100

195

62

338

16

65

44

20

16

16

i %f\

44

Krt

50

44

65

i Kf\

50

50

Sept.

50

M

1Q

29

OQ

29

OQ

24

24

24

20

16

24

94

20

44

20

9fl

24

OQ

44

OQ

9n

20

on

16

13

10

8

Oct.

10

10

10

10

8

8

8

6

6

6

6

4

4

4

4

4

4

20

34

OQ

OQ

29

29

29

29

29

24

94

20

20

Nov.

20

9fl

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

20

20

20

20

16

16

Dec.

16

16

16

NOTE. These discharges were obtained as follows: Apr. 1-12, estimated; Apr. 13-June 23 and Aug. 16- 

Dec. 3, from a ratingcurve which is fairly well defined; July 1-Aug. l[5, indirect method for shifting channels.

Monthly discharge of Purgatory River at Trinidad, Colo., for 1910.

Month.

July...............................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum. MJinimum.

408 

242 

515 

338 

50 

34 

20

195 

50 

10 

16 

8 

4 

16

Mean.

a 10 

a 10 

a 35 

155 

246 

137 

89.9 

78.3 

25.0 

14.9 

18.0

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

615 

555 

2,150 

9,220 

15,100 

8,150 

5,530 

4,810 

1,490 

916 

107

48,600

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C.

c.

c.

a Estimated on account of backwater from construction work below the station. 

BIG SANDY CREEK AT HUGO, COLO.

This station, which was established April 10, 1910, is located at 

the highway bridge half a mile south of Hugo, a town on the Union 

Pacific Railroad in eastern Colorado.

The gage is a vertical rod attached to highway bridge.
52 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PAET VII.

Measurements are made from the bridge to which gage is attached, 

or, during low stages, by wading at various sections.

The bed is sandy and very shifting. The channel is usually dry 

during the winter months.

Discharge measurements of Big Sandy Creek at Hugo, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

Apr. 10

30

30

30

31

31

Nov. 27

Hydrographer.

G. H. Russell.............................................

C. E. Turner. .............................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

Width.

Feet. 

35

70

88

68

148

115

130

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft.

26

44

48

191

45

75

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.44

2.75

2.95

2.98

4.2

3.02

3.4

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

8.5

46

88

108

543

108

180

oQ.2

a Estimated.

Daily gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, of Big Sandy Creek at Hugo, Colo. t

for 1910.

[C. E. Turner, observer.]

Day.

1...... ........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21 ..............

22. .............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31 ..............

Apr.

Gage 

height.

2.45

2.4 

2.4 

2.6 

2.7 

2.7

2.7 

2.6 

2.6 

2.6 

2.5

2.5 

2.5 

2.4

Discharge.

9

5 

5 

26 

39 

39

39 

26 

26 

26 

13

13 

13 

5

May.

Gage 

height.

2.5 

2.5 

2.4

Discharge.

13 

13 

5

July.

Gage 

height.

2.35 

2.5

2.55 

3.55 

3.25

Discharge.

25 

13

20 

236 

150

Aug.

Gage 

height.

2.8 

2.55

2.55

2.95 

2.6

Discharge.

53 

20 

4 

4 

20

80 

26 

3 

2 

1

0.5

1

1

0.5

Sept.

Gage 

height.

Discharge.

0.5

0.5

1.0

1.5

1 

1 

1 

1

1

0.5

n ^

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

Oct.

Gage 

height.

Discharge.

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5

NOTE. These discharges were obtained from a rating curve whicn is fairly well defined. Discharges 

estimated for days when gage was not read. The creek was dry on days between Apr. 24 and Oct. 31 for 

which no discharges are given.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 53

BIG SANDY CREEK AT KIT CA^RSON, COLO.

This station, which was established April 15, 1910, is located at the 

highway bridge 1 mile above Kit Carson and the same distance above 

the mouth of Wildhorse Creek.

A vertical rod gage is attached to the highway bridge. Measurements are made from the bridge to which gage is attached and by 

wading at various sections.

The channel is sandy and shifting and is dry during a greater part 

of the year.

Discharge measurements of Big Sandy Creek at l$it Carson, Colo., in 1910.

Date.

May 19

July 31

6

Nov. 27

Hydrographer.

G. H. Russell... ...........................................

.....do...................................................!...

H. D. Padgett. ............................................

C. E. Turner.. ... ...................................... J. ..

.....do.....................................................

Width.

Feet.

315

320

Area of 

action.

Sq.ft.

216

223

Gage 

height.

Feet.

2.ii

2.18

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

(a)

(a)

(a)

430

454

(a)

a Dry.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Big Sandy Creek at itit Carson, Colo., for 1910. 

[Cyrus Platner, observer.]

Day.

1............................

2............................

3............................

4............................

5............................

6............................

7............................

8............................

9............................

10............................

11............................

12............................

13............................

14............................

15............................

Apr.

1.65

Aug.

0.95

1.45

1.3

1.15

2.35

2.05

1.5

1.3

1.3

1.25

1.15

.95

16..........

17..........

18..........

19..........

20..........

21..........

22..........

23..........

24..........

25..........

26..........

27..........

28..........

29..........

30..........

31..........

Day. Apr.

1.40

1.6

1.45

1.4

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.3

1.2

1.0

Aug.

NOTE. Dry from Apr. 11 to 14, 26 to July 31, Aug. 13 to Dec. 31.

BIG SPUING CHEEK NEAR ARENA, COLO.

This, station, which was established April 11, 1910, about 2 miles 

south of Arena and about 7 miles from Kit Carson, stations on the 

Kansas City & Denver branch of the Union Pacific Railroad, is 

about 3 miles above the mouth of the creek and is below all tributaries.

The gage is a vertical rod fastened to the left bank. Measurements 

of discharge are made by wading near the gage.
54 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART vn.

The channel at moderate stages is crooked and made up of a series 

of holes and riffles. At high stages the water overflows both banks 

and spreads over a wide, flat valley. The stream bed is of clay and 

sand.

The gage is at a pool and, therefore, when there is no flow the 

reading varies owing to evaporation. The gage was read from April 11 

to November 5, but as no discharge measurements were made the 

readings are of little value. From the observer's notes as to dry 

periods, and estimates of the few observed floods on this stream the 

flow for the following periods is estimated by C. E. Turner:

June 15 to July 9, no flow.

July 31 to August 1, 100 second-feet, mean for the 2 days.

August 2 to August 18, 7.35 Becond-feet, mean for the 17 dayB.

August 19 to September 19, no flow.

September 20 to September 29, 10 second-feet, mean for the 10 days.

September 30 to November 5, no flow.

The total run-off for above periods is 850 acre-feet. The flow for 

periods April 11 to June 14 and July 9 to 30 have not been estimated, 

but it is probable if there was any flow it was very small.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Big Spring Creek near Arena, Colo.,for 1910. 

[W. E. Misner and James Cook, observers.]

Day.

5-........---......-.-.....--...-....

6....................................

7..........-...-..--.......-...----..

8....-.-.-....--...--.--..---.....-..

9..............------......--.---.-..

10. ...................................

12....................................

1 1

15....................................

16....................................

17....................................

18. ...................................

19....................................

20......--.-.-.----.-..-.-......---...

21....................................

23....................................

24....................................

25....................................

26....................................

27. ...................................

28. ...................................

29. ...................................

30. ...................................

31....................................

Apr.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

May.

1.4

i.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

June.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1 3

1 q

1.3

1 0

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

July.

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.4

1 4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1 i

1.3

1 i

1.3

1.5

Aug.

1.5

1.45

1.4

1.4

1.55

2.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.25

1 3

1.3

1.3

1 i

1.3

1 Q

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

Sept.

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.3

1 Q

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

i i

1.4

Oct.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1 i

1.5

1.5

1.5

1 i

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1 i

1.5

1.5

Nov.

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIH. 55 

CANADIAN RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 

DESCRIPTION.

Canadian River (frequently called Red River in New Mexico) rises 

in the Cimarron Mountains in Colfax County, N. Mex., flows southward across Mora and San Miguel counties, then turns and flows eastward across northern Texas and through Oklahoma, uniting with 

Arkansas River about 80 miles above Fort Smith, Ark. The total 

length of the river from Raton Pass, N. Mex., to the mouth is about 

750 miles. Altitudes within the basin range from about 9,000 feet at 

the head to 460 feet at the mouth. Some of the highest peaks in the 

Cimarron Range are more than 12,000 feet in elevation.

Cimarron, Mora, and Sapello rivers and Ute Creek, all in New 

Mexico, are the principal perennial tributaries, but many of the 

intermittent tributaries, such as the Sweetwater, carry large quantities of flood water. The total drainage area of the river in New 

Mexico is about 13,000 square miles. The North Fork of the Cimarron 

(frequently called Beaver Creek at its head) is the most important of 

the lower tributaries. Its drainage area lies just south of the Cimarron (Dry). Along the headwaters of the Canadian in New Mexico is a 

considerable area of timberland and woodland, and the drainage area 

in eastern Oklahoma is also wooded. The remainder of the area in 

New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma consists of dry plains.

The annual precipitation ranges from 20 inches or more in the 

mountainous sections to 12 inches or less on the plains of New Mexico 

and Texas; in Oklahoma the range is from 20 inch'es in the western 

part to 35 inches near the mouth of the stream. Except along the 

lower course the run-off is very uncertain and the river bed is frequently dry for long periods; at other times it carries very disastrous 

floods. The winters along this stream are mild, and the stream flow 

is rarely affected by ice, except at the higher altitudes.

Many tracts of land are irrigated along the upper Canadian and 

tributaries, although the aggregate area is only a few thousand acres; 

the number and acreage of these tracts are, however, rapidly being 

increased. Good storage sites are afforded by a number of natural 

lakes and basins, and reservoirs will eventually be constructed on the 

Cimarron, Vermejo, Ute Creek, Sapello, Mora, and other tributaries, 

which will provide for the irrigation of hundreds of thousands of acres.

Owing to the intermittent character of the stream, opportunities 

for water-power development are not very good except on the upper 

reaches of the mountain streams, but these opportunities will be 

somewhat increased by storage reservoirs. It may eventually be possible to develop commercially over 25,000 horsepower in New Mexico. 

At present no important water-power plants are in operation.
56 STJEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

CANADIAN RIVER AT LOGAN, N. MEX.

This station, which was reestablished December 22, 1908, for the 

purpose of determining the amount of water available for storage 

and irrigation, is located at the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific 

Railway bridge, 1 mile south of the depot at Logan, N. Mex. It is 

near the location of the bridge and gage used by the United States 

Reclamation Service from June 29, 1904, to February 26, 1905, 

which were washed out by flood, but the Dresent gage has no determined relation to that gage.

The station is about 5 miles below the mouth of Ute Creek and 3 

miles above the mouth of Arroyo Largo. The drainage area is about 

12,000 square miles.

The stream flow is not affected by ice and very little by artificial 

control above. The extremely shifting nature of the stream bed 

makes it necessary to obtain a large number of discharge measurements in order to obtain the best results. It is usually difficult to 

make discharge measurements at higher stages on account of the 

sudden rise and equally rapid subsidence of the river during floods. 

High-water measurements must be made by floats, because of a 

large amount of drift in the river. Low-water measurements are 

made by wading, and those at ordinary stages from a cable 450 feet 

upstream from the railroad bridge, which is 140 feet high.

Numerous rod gages, secured to old piling under the bridge, were 

used during 1909, but all gage readings have been referred to the 

datum of the two-railroad gages, which are at the same datum and 

are painted on the third concrete pier from each bank. On August 5, 

1910, a Friez automatic gage was installed about three-fourths of a 

mile above the old gage. The datum of the Friez gage bears no 

relation to that of the rod gage.

Discharge measurements of Canadian River at Logan, N. Mex., in 1910.

Date.

Jan. 31

Mar. 15

May 7

June 18

18

A nir 9.4

Oct. 14

Dec. 21

Hydrographer.

G. H. Russell. ... ..........................................

.....do....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

W. W. Mills. ..............................................

G. H. Russell. .............................................

W. B. Freeman. ..........................................

Width.

Feet. 

81

86

115

275

249

137

8

Area of 

section.

Sq. feet.

77

113

144

239

227

111

2.5

s,

Feet. 

3.45

4.28

4.10

3. 98

a3.75

o3.8

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

107

134

323

612

540

230

1.8

65

a From automatic gage. Estimated.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 57

Daily gage height, in feet, of Canadian River at Logon, N. Mex.,for 1910. 

[I. F. Romine, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2. .............. 

3...............

4. ..............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10. ..............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14. ..............

15...............

16............... 

17...............

18...............

19...............

20. ..............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26............... 

27. ..............

28...............

29. ..............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

4.35

4.95 

f; 95

5.25

5.05

K AC

4.95

4 95

5.05

5.1

5.25

5.25 

5.05

5.05

5.15

5.15

5.05

4.95

4.95

4.65

4.45 

4.2

3.85

3.75

3.3

Feb.

3.25

3 OK

3

OK

3.25

3-25

3 1 %

°. 1 %

3.20

o 9

3 OK

3.25

3 OK

0 OK

3.35

3.35 

3.35

3.35

3.25

3.25

3.2

3.15

3

1

3.1

3.1

3.05 

3.05

q AK

Mar.

3.05

3.05 

3.05

3.05

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.15

3.15

3 0

3.25

3.25

3 OK

3

AK

Apr.

3.4

3 7

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

2.9

9 Q

2.9

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6 

3-4

3.4

3.4

3.6

3.6

3.9

3 Q

3.9

4.0

4.0 

3.9

4 0

3.85

3.85

May.

4.4 

4 4

4 4

4.4

4.3

0 Q

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.5

3.6

0 0

3.5 

3.7

3.9

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.3 

3.3

3

0

3.3

3.55

June.

3

0

3.8

3 QK

A. 1*

A K

4.8

4.2

Q 0

^ 7

3.6

3.4

3.4

3.1

3 A

6.8

7.6 

4.1

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.05

9 Q

2.55

2.5

2.5

2.65 

2.8

9 R

2.9

2.65

July.

2.6

3.3

4 0

3

AE

2.9

2.9

9 Q

3

0

4.2

4.85

4 0

3.8

3

K

3

K

3.35

2.4 

3.15

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.6

2.2

1 9

1.9

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.35

2.9

2 9

6.0

Aug.

7.2

7.4

7 1 K

7 ^

8

0

7.6

8.15

7 1 x*

9

K

R Q

7.6 

6.9

9.5

7.7

Sept.

"6.'45"

6 45

6.35

6.25

6.1

6.0

5.9

5.8

<\ 7

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.65

3.9

q Q

3.8 

3.8

3.8

5.2

4.9

Oct.

4.5

4.6 

4.5

4.2

4 1

4.0

3

0

3.8

3.8

3

7K

3.85

3

0

Q 7%

3.8

3.8 

3.8

3.8

3

0

3.8

3.8

3

0

3

7K

3.75

3.75

3.8 

3.9

4.1

4.2

4.2

4.2

Nov.

4 1

4.1

4 0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4 0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0 

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4 0

4.0

4.0

3.9 

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

Dec.

3

0

3.8

3

0

3

0

3

Q

3.8

3

0

3.8

3.8

0 Q

3.8

3.8

3

0

3

0

3

0

3.8 

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8 

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

NOTE. Gage out Mar. 15-Apr. 2 and June 15-17. Gage heights recorded from railroad gage June 15-17. 

Gage heights after July 31 were taken on automatic gage and are not comparable with those previous to that 

date.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Canadian River at Logon, N. Mex.,for 1910.

Day.

1............................................

2............................................

3............................................

4............................................

5............................................

6............................................

7............................................

8............................................

9............................................

10............................................

11............................................

12............................................

13............................................

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20. ...........................................

21............................................

22............................................

23............................................

24. ...........................................

25. ...........................................

26............................................

27............................................

28............................................

29. ...........................................

30............................................

31............................................

Jan.

352

805

1,1SO

1,340

1,180

920

920

920

805

805

920

920

920

980

1,180

1,180

920

920

1,040

1,040

920

805

805

525

400

295

245

.190

166

84

Feb.

76

76

76

76

76

76

62

62

69

69

76

76

76

76

92

92

92

92

76

76

69

62

55

55

55

48

48

48

Mar.

48

48

48

48

55

55

55

62

62

69

76

76

92

10S

Apr.

100

100

155

178

178

178

178

178

32

32

32

135

135

135

135

135

100

100

100

135

135

202

202

202

230

230

202

230

190

190

May.

260

375

375

375

375

375

330

202

135

135

135

116

135

178

135

116

155

202

135

116

116

116

100

100

84

84

84

84

84

126

145

June.

178

178

216

278

425

650

295

178

155

135

100

100

55

42

6,550

10,800

620

420

420

370

300

130

75

65

65

90

115

115

130

90

July.

80

220

540

160

130

130

130

220

710

1,640

540

410

280

280

235

53

185

130

130

110

80

30

10

10

150

130

110

47

130

130

3,400

NOTE. These discharges are based on a rating curve which is well defined.
58 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PAST VII.

Monthly discharge of Canadian River at Logan, N. Mex.,for 1910.

Month.

Mar. 1-14. .........................................

May...............................................

July...............................................

The period. .................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,340 

92 

108 

230 

375 

10,800 

3,400

Minimum.

84 

48 

48 

32 

84 

42 

10

'

Mean.

790 

70.8 

64.4 

149 

177 

778 

340

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

48,600 

3,930 

1,790 

8,870 

10,900 

46,300 

20,900

141,000

Accuracy.

A.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

C.

NOTE. Sufficient measurements, referred to the Priez gage, have not been obtained to make estimates 

after July.

CHICO EICO CEEEK NEAE EATON, N. MEX.

This station, which was established July 29, 1910, is located on the 

St. Louis, Kocky Mountain & Pacific Kailway bridge, 10 miles southeast of Katon, N. Mex.

A Friez automatic gage is secured to the bridge, and measurements 

are made by wading at low stages and from the bridge at high stages.

Discharge measurements of Chico Rico Creek near Raton, N. Mex., in 1910.

Date.

Aug. 26

Oct. 7

Hydrographer.

W. W. Mills. ........

O.H.Russell........................ ..... . ..... ....

Width.

Feet. 

8.8

1.6

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

4.4

.36

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.60

1.54

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1.6

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chico Rico River near Raton, N. Mex., for 1910. 

[Jay Walrath, observer.]

Day.

1. .........

2. .........

3. .........

5..........

6..........

7. .........

9..........

10.......... 

11. .........

12. .........

13. .........

15..........

July. Aug.

1.4

2.0

1 e;

2.4

2.7

1.9

1.85

1.8

l.S 

1.9

2.0

1.85

2.0

1.7

Sept.

1.65

1.65

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6 

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.55

Oct.

1 CC

1.55

1 f\f*

1.55

1 EC

1.55

1.55

1 CC

1.55

1 ^

1.55

1.55

1 PLK

1.55

Nov.

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6 

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

Dec.

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6 

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

Day.

16. .........

17..........

19..........

20. .........

21..........

22..........

23..........

24..........

25.......... 

26...........

27..........

28..........

29..........

30..........

31..........

July.

1.6

1.5

Aug.

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.7

1.65

1.65 

1.65

1.6

1.65

1.65

1.6

1.6

Sept.

1.55

1.55

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6 

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

Oct.

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.55

1.55

1.55

1.55 

1.55

1.55

1.55

1.6

1.6

1.6

Nov.

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6 

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

Dec.

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6 

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

UNA DEL GATO CEEEK NEAE EATON, N. MEX.

This station was established May 3, 1910, at a point three-fourths 

of a mile above the St. Louis, Rocky Mountain & Pacific Railway 

bridge, 2 miles above A. J. Meloche's ranch and 18 miles east of 

Raton, N. Mex.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 59

A Friez automatic gage is attached to a tree on the left bank. 

Measurements are made by wading.

Discharge measurements of Una del Gato Creek near Raton, N. Mex., in 1910.

Date.

May 3

Aug. 26

Oct. 8

Hydrographer.

J. B. Stewart ..............................................

W. W. Mills. ..............................................

G. H. Russell. ............................................

Width.

Feet. 

9.4

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

2.2

1.4

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.90

.8

.75

Discharge.

Sec.-fl. 

2.0

.3

o.3

o Estimated.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Una del Gato Creek near Raton, N. Mex., for 1910. 

[A. J. Meloche and W. J. Butt, observers.]

Day.

1...... ......................................

2............................................

S.. ..........................................

4............................................

6............................................

7. .................................. .........

8............................................

g

10............................................

11............................................

12............................................

13............................................

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

21............................................

22............................................

23............................................

24............................................

25............................................

26............................................

27............................................

28............................................

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

May.

0.9

.9

.9

.85

.8

.8

.8

.8

.75

.75

.8

.75

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.75

1.05

1.1

1.15

1.15

1.1

1.05

1.05

.95

.9

.85

June.

0.85

.85

.85

.9

.85

.85

.85

.85

.85

.85

.85

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.85

.85

.85

.85

.9

.95

.95

.95

.95

.95

.95

.95

July.

0.95

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

.9

g

9

.9

9

.9

.9

.9

.9

.85

.85

.85

1.0

.8

.8

Aug.

0 8

8

95

95

9

8

8

8

8

1 05

95

1 0

8

1 1

95

9

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

85

8

8

75

8

8

8

8

Sept.

0.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

1.0

.8

.75

.75

.3

.75

.75

.75

.75

.75

.75

.75

.75

Oct.

0 75

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

85

8

8

8

8

8

75

75

8

8

8

Nov.

0 8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

85

9

9

9

9

9

8

85

8

8

8

NOTE. The stream was frozen during December.

CIMARRON RIVER AT UTE PARK, N. MEX.

This station, which was established July 14, 1907, to determine the 

amount of water available for storage and irrigation, is located at 

the highway bridge 300 feet north of the railway station at Ute 

Park, N. Mex., the terminus of the St. Louis, Rocky Mountain & 

Pacific Railway. It has been maintained in cooperation with the 

Territorial engineer of New Mexico.

The station is one-half mile below the mouth 'of Ute Creek and is 

below most of the mountain tributaries except the Rayado, which 

enters several miles below. The drainage area above the station is 

over 200 square miles.
60 SUEPACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PAET VII.

Very little water is diverted above this point, but most of the normal flow of the stream is used for irrigation in the valley below.

The Eagles Nest reservoir site, which has a capacity of over 100,000 

acre-feet, is situated in the canyon a few miles upstream from this 

station and is capable of storing the entire run-oil.

Ice is found on this stream during the winter months, but usually 

has very little effect on the open-channel flow.

The datum of the rod gage has remained constant since the station 

was established. In September, 1909, a Friez automatic gage was 

installed at the same location and datum. High-water measurements are made at the bridge and low-water measurements by 

wading. The stream bed is fairly permanent, but it is rather rough, 

making high-water measurements somewhat inaccurate. Results, 

however, should be very good.

Discharge measurements of Cimarron River at Ute Park, N. Mex., in 1910.

Date.

Jan. 27

97

May 4

July 27

Aug. 28

28 Oct. 3

Hydrographer.

G.H.Russell.............................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do............................................*...-.....

.....do....................................................

W.W. Mills.. .............................................

.....do.....................................................

Width.

Feet. 

16.5

16.5

19

31

22.5

15.5

19.1

20.5

12

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

23.2

23.2

34

41

15

7.6

9.0

15.1

9.5

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.48

.45

.60

.98

.47

.20

.35

.35

.30

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

23.2

22.4

44.0

136

17.0

3.9

8.2

8.3

4.4

Daily gage height, in feet, of Cimarron River at Ute Park, N. Mex., for 1910. 

[ Mrs. R. P. Woodward, observer.]

Day.

1.... ...........

3...............

4...............

5.. ...........

6...............

7. ....... .......

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20............... 

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25............... 

26...............

27...............

28............... 

29...............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

0.45

.8

.6

.55

.55

.55

.55

.55

.55

.55

.55

.55

.55

.55

.4

.4 

.35

.4

.4 

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.35

.35

.4 

.4

.4

.4

Feb.

0.4

.35

.35

.35

.35

.4

.4

.35

.35

.35

.35

.35

.35

.4

.35

.25

.25 

.25

.3

.3 

.3

.3

.35

.45

.45 

.35

.35

.35

Mar.

0.4

.4

.55

.6

.7

1.0

1.05

1.0

.85

.75

.8

.7

.75

.75

.7

.7

.7 

.75

.8

.85 

.85

.9

.9

.95

.9 

.9

 .85

.9 

.8

.85

.85

Apr.

0.85

.8

.7

.7

.65

.7

.7

.7

.8

.8

.9

.85

9

oe

.9 

.95

1.0

1.05 

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.0

1.15 

1.15

1.15

1.15

I

on

1.20

May.

.10

QK

.9

.85

.8

.75

.75

.75

.75

.75

.75

.8

.......

"".'5"

.55

.55

June.

0.55

.5

.5

.5

.45

.45

.4

.4

.35

.35

.35

.3

.3

.5

EC

.5

.45 

.45

.4

.4 

.4

.35

.35

.35

.4 

.4

.4

.4 

.4

.35

July

0.35

.3

.3

.3

.3

.25

.25

.25

.25

.25

.35

.35

.4

.35

OK

OK

.35 

.35

.35

.35 

.35

.25

.3

.3 

.3

.2

.15

.15

.25

.25

Aug.

0.2

.2

.3

.35

.4

.35

.3

.3

.35

.35

.4

AK

.4

.45

.4

.4

.4 

.4

.4

.4 

.4

.4

.45

.45

.4 

.4

.35

.35

OK

OK

.4

Sept.

0.4

.35

.35

.35

.35

.35

.35

.35

.35

.35

.3

.3

.3

.3

.35

.4

.35 

.35

.35

.35 

.35

.35

.35

.3

.3 

.3

.25

.25

Oct.

0.25

.25

.25

.25

.2

.25

.25

.25

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.35 

.4

45

.45 

.4

.4

.45

.4

.4

.4 

.4

.4

.4

Nov.

0.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.35

.35

.35

.4

.35

.5

.5

45

.55

.45 

.45

.4

.4 

.35

.4

OK

.4

.4 

.4

.35

,35

95

OE

Dec.

0.3

.4

w

.45

.15

.15

.15

.25

oc

OK

OK

°.K.

.3

0

.3

.35

.35

OK

.35

.35

OK

OK

.35

NOTE. Affected by ice Jan. 1-14 and Dec. 17-31.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 61 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cimarron River at Ute Park, N. Mex.,for 1910.

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5. ..............

6...............

7...............

8...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15. ..............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19. ..............

20. ..............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

o 

Jan.

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

13

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

13

13

16

16

16

16

Feb.

16

13

13

13

13

16

16

13

13

13

13

13

13

16

13

8

8

10

10

10

10

13

99

22

13

13

13

Mar.

16

16

36

44

64

141

154

141

101

76

88

64

76

76

64

64

64

76

88

101

101

114

114

19S2

114

114

101

114

88

101

101

Apr.

101

88

64

64

54

64

64

64

88

88

114

101

114

110

106

101

114

128

141

154

154

111

154

141

182

182

182

182

226

197

May.

125

112

100

87

75

65

65

65

66

66

66

78

24

31

31

June.

31

25

25

25

20

20

15

16

12

12

12

9.5

10

27

26

20

16

16

11

11

11

8.4

8.4

fi 4

11

11

11

11

11

fi 4

July.

8.4

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

8.4

8.4

11

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

5.8

4.6

5.8

5.8

5.8

3.3

2.8

2.8

4.6

4.6

Aug.

3.3

3.3

5.8

8.4

11

8.4

5.8

5.8

8.4

8.4

11

16

11

16

11

11

11

11

1111'

11

11

16

16

11

11

8.4

8.4

8.4

8 A

11

Sept.

11

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

5.8

5.8

8.4

5.8

8.4

11

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.4

5.8

5.8

5.8

4.6

4.6

5.8

5.8

Oct.

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

3.3

4.6

4.6

4.6

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

8.4

11

16

16

11

11

16

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

Nov.

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

8.4

8.4

8.4

11

8.4

20

20

16

26

16

16

11

11

8.4

11

8.4

11

11

11

8.4

8.4

4.6

4.6

Dec.

5.8

11

26

16

2.8

2.8

2.8

3.3

4.6

8.4

8.4

8.4

5.8

5.8

5.8

8.4

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

NOTE. These discharges were obtained as follows: Jan. 1-14, estimated on account of ice conditions; 

Jan. 15-May 4, from a rating curve which is fairly well deflned; May 5-June 14, Indirect method for shifting channels; June 15-Dec. 17, from a rating curve which is fairly well deflned; Dec. 17-31, estimated on 

account of ice conditions.

Monthly discharge of Cimarron River at Ute Park, N. Hex., for 1910.

\ 

Month.

March. . ...........................................

April.......................................... .

July...............................................

The period. .................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

16 

16 

154 

226 

125 

31 

11 

16 

11 

16 

26 

26

Minimum.

13 

8 

16 

54 

24 

8.4 

2.8 

3.3 

4.6 

3.3 

4.6 

2.8

Mean.

15.7 

13.1 

88.4 

122 

70.4 

15.3 

6.30 

9.97 

7.63 

8.36 

11.5 

7.94

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

965 

728 

5,440 

7,260 

2,100 

910 

387 

613 

454 

514 

684 

488

20,500

Accuracy.

D. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

RAYADO RIVER AT ABREIl's RANCH, NEAR CIMARRON, N. MEX.

This station, which was established during the first part of 1908 

as a temporary station by the New Mexico Hydrographic Survey to 

determine the amount of water available for irrigation, is located 

three-fourths of a mile upstream from Abreu's ranch, which is 20 

miles west of Springer and 12 miles southwest of Cimarron, the two 

nearest railroad points. Daily gage readings were taken during 1909
62 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

by the Territorial survey. In October, 1909, when the United States 

Geological Survey abandoned the station on the Raya*do at Miami 

ranch, near Springer, it took over the station at Abreu's ranch.

The station is now maintained in cooperation with the Territorial 

engineer of New Mexico.

The river receives no tributaries for several miles above or below 

the station, and the station is above all irrigation diversions.

The datum and location of the gage has remained constant during 

the maintenance of the station. On November 27, 1909, a chain 

gage was installed at the same location and datum as the rod gage.

Measurements of discharge are made by wading in the vicinity of 

the gage or from a foot log about 100 yards upstream. Fair results 

should be obtained. Thin ice is sometimes found at the station 

during the winter months.

Discharge measurements of Rayado River at Abreu's ranch, near Cimarron, N. Mex.,

in 1908 and 1910. 

Date.

1908. 

June 17

19

24

26

29

Aug. 10

Oct. 31

1910. 

Jan. 28

4

27

Hydrographer.

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

G. H. Russell. ... ..........................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

W. W. Mills. ..............................................

Width.

Feet. 

23

23

23

23

31

22.5

21

13

13

13

14.8

13

12.5

16.6

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

9.7

9.2

8.0

9.8

29.1

11.7

7.8

13

8

8

18.8

8.4

5.0

5.0

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.30

1.30

1.25

1.30

2.20

1.25

1.15

1.32

1.35

1.35

1.78

1.35

1.25

1.25

Discharge.

Sec.-fi. 

7.8

7.3

5.1

7.4

o!03

6.1

3.0

13

7.8

7.7

49

8.3

3.6

3.0

a, Measured at Abreu's footbridge; 19.8 second-feet were being diverted between the gage and the point 

of measurement, making a total discharge of 123 second-feet past the gage.

NOTE. The measurements for 1908 published here were inadvertently omitted from Water-Supply 

Paper 247.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Rayado River at Abreu's ranch, near Cimarron, N. Mex.,

for 1910.

(Robert Parker, observer.)

Day.

2....--.---........-----.....................

5............................................

6....--.------......---......................

7....-----....-------...----.................

9

12.......-----.....--------...................

is

14............................................

15............................................

Jan.

1 Af\

1.38

1 29

1 Of\

1 29

1 29

1 40

1 60

1 on

1.34

1.34

Feb.

1.32

1 oo

1 oo

1.15

1.20

1.16

1.30

1.20

1 9fl

1.25

1.16

Apr.

1.15

1.2

1.35

1.25

1.0

1.4

1.1

1.3

1.3

1.5

1.35

1.45

i si

1.55

1.45

May.

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.45

1.45

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.45

1.25

1.2

1.2

June.

1.35

July.

1.25

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.25

1.25

Aug.

1.4

1.3

1.35

1.3

1.3

1.7

1.45

1.3

1.3
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN". 63

Daily gage height, in feet, of Rayado River at Abreu's ranch, near Cimarron, N. Mex.,

for 1910 Continued.

Day.

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

22............................................

23....--.-...-----.---.-.--..-................

9d

25....--..-----.-----.--..-......-............

26............................................

27 ............................................

28....---------.---.-----.--.-----............

29.....---..-..--------.......................

30............................................

31............................................

Jan.

i ^

1.28

1.35

1.35

1.43

1 30

1.33

1 3fi

1.36

1.38

1.32

1.25

Feb.

1.17

1.12

1.10

1.15

1 19

1 09

Apr.

1 CC

1.6

1.6

May.

1.1

.85

.9

.9

g

.65

June.

' 1 ^^

1.35

1.3

1.3

1 3

1.25

1.2

i.3

July.

1 9

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.35

1.3

1.3

1.3

Aug.

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

NOTE. Gage heights for January and February somewhat affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Rayado River at Abreu's ranch, near Cimarron, N.Mex.,

for 1910.

Day.

I.............. ..............................

3............................................

4......---..--.-------.-----....-............

6............................................

7............................................

8....-------------..-.-......................

9.......-.-....---------.-------.-...........

10. ...........................................

11............................................

13. ....-----.-----....----.-..-----.-.........

14............................................

15............................................

16......----.--......-.......-.---..-..--.....

17............................................

18............................................

1Q

20........--........-..-.-...---..........----

21 .....--.----.--.--..--..--.......-..........

22............................................

23............................................

24....-....-------...--.-.--.....---.-...-...-

OK

26............................................

27............................................

28........---.--.-.---.--.....................

29..... ...................................... .

30............................................

31 ............................................

Jan.

12

11

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

13

14

14

15

10

15

15

15

12

14

14

14

14

13

15

12

g

Feb.

i ^

15

14

14

6

10

6

6

9

3

3

3

Apr.

1.0

1.7

3

0

0

11

5

5

18

16

23

16

23

28

28

May.

CO

on

39

14

141111

18.

14

3.3

1.7

1.7

.4

.4

0

0

0

0

0

0

June.

8

8

8

8

8

6.5

5

5

5

5

5

4.2

3.3

2.5

1.7

3.4

5

July.

4.2

3.3

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

2..-)

3.3

3.3

3.3

2.5

1.7

1.7

1.7

5

5

5

5

6.5

8

6.5

5

5

6

5

5

5

Aug.

11

8

5

6.5

5

5

5

22

39

16

10

5

5

5

4.2

3.3

3.3

3.3

3. 3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

NOTE. These discharges were obtained as follows: Jan. 1-Feb. 22, estimated on the basis of one measurement made during the period. Apr. 1-May 17 and June 14-Aug. 31, from a rating curve which is well 

denned. May 18-22, estimated. Discharges for days when gage was not read, interpolated.

Monthly discharge of Rayado River at Abreu's ranch, near Cimarron, N. Mex., for 1910.

Month.

Apr. 1-18... ... ....................................

May 4-23.... ..................................... .

July- ..............................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

28 

52 

8 

8 

39

Minimum.

0 

0 

1.7 

1.7 

3

Mean.

12.2 

7.5 

12.1 

11.0 

5.38 

3.61 

6.68

ftun-off 

(total in 

acre-leet).

750 

327 

432 

436 

182 

222 

411

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

B.

C. 

C. 

C.

c.
64 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

MORA RIVER AND LA CUEVA CANAL AT LA CUEVA, N. MEX.

This station, which was established August 25, 1903, primarily to 

determine the amount of water available for storage, is located at 

the wagon bridge at La Cueva, N. Mex., in the Mora land grant, 26 

miles north of Las Vegas, N. Mex. Since July, 1907, the records 

have been obtained in cooperation with the Territorial engineer of 

New Mexico.

The station is a few miles above the mouth of the Cebolla and a 

short distance downstream from the intake of La Cueva Canal, and 

just below the canal wasteway. This canal carries water for irrigation, and during the nonirrigating season it is used as a feeder for a 

reservoir below.

The canal rod gage is located at a footbridge below the wasteway, 

just north of the gaging station on the river. The datum of the 

canal gage has remained constant, and gage readings have been taken 

continuously since the station was established whenever there was 

any water in the canal. Apparent discrepancies in the gagings of 

the canal are accounted for by the fact that the bed of the canal 

occasionally contains a considerable deposit of silt, which is cleaned 

out at intervals.

A little water is diverted above the station for irrigation in addition to that taken out by La Cueva canal, and considerable land is 

irrigated below the station. By developing the available storage at 

reservoir sites in that locality it will be possible to utilize the entire 

flow of the stream for irrigation.

The original gage was washed out in the flood of September 29, 

1904, and was replaced by another at practically the same section 

on April 29, 1905. The datum of this staff gage, which is still in 

use, is 1.32 feet above that of the original gage.

Fair measurements can be made by wading at low stages; highwater measurements must be corrected for the skew of the bridge. 

The channel is subjected to some shifting, but fair results should be 

obtained by making frequent measurements at the higher stages.

Discharge measurements of Mora River at La Cueva, N. Mex., in 1910.

Date.

Feb. 6«

Mar. 7

7

June 12

Aug. 12

30

Oct. 21

Nov. 30

Hydrographer.

.....do.....................................................

.....do....................................................

W.W. Mills...............................................

C. B. Digby...............................................

Width.

Feet. 

15.5

19

19

33.5

10.5

18

14.6

16

16

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

14.6

14.7

14.7

40

3.5 8.~

4.6

7.3

5.6

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.00

1.02

1.02

1.80

.62

1.15

.70

.91

.60

Discharge.

Slec.-ft. 

17

20.3

20.5

115

5.3

23.5

3.8

8.75

1.86

Ice along edges of stream.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 65

Daily gage height, in feet, of Mora River at La Cueva, N. Mex.,for 1910. 

[Hugh London, observer.]

Day.

1. ..............

2

3...............

4...............

C...............

7...............

8...............

g

10...............

11...............

12...............

iq

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26. ..............

97

28. ..............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

0.95

.95

1.0

1.0

1.05

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.0

.8

.9

Feb.

0.9

9

1.1

1.0

QC

1.0

95

1.1

1.0

.85

.75

1.0

.95

.95

.9

.85

9

9

Mar.

0.8

.8

.85

9

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0 1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

.95

1.15

1.05

1.0

1.1

1.15

1.2

1.2

1.15

1.0

1.0

1.1

.95

Apr.

1.05

1.0

1.0

95

.9

.9

.85

.9

9

1.15

1.15

1.25

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.75

1.8

1.8

1.8

1 S

1.7

1.8

1.85

1.9

1.9

1.85

May.

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.45

1.4

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.35

1.35

1.25

1.25

1.3

1.3

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0

1 05

1.1

1.1

1.0

June.

1.2

1.0

1.0

1.05

1.0

1.0

1.0

.8

.7

.65

.6

.6

.65

.7

1.2

.95

.85

.75

.75

.7

.75

.7

.6

.6

.6

95

95

1.0

.8

.65

July.

0.6

.6

.6

.6

.55

.6

.55

.55

.5

.55

.5

.5

.65

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.6

.5

45

.45

.5

2.5

1.6

Aug.

1.4

1.1

.9

1.85

1.3

1.0

1.0

1.0

.9

1.0

1.0

1.15

1.1

1.0

1.0

.95

1.2

1.2

1.2

.95

1.0

1.0

1.0

.8

.7

.7

.7

.75

.7

.55

Sept.

0.55

.55

.6

.6

.6

.55

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.55

.85

.9

.9

.65

.65

.65

.6

.6

.0

.7

.6

.8

.85

.85

.9

.65

.65

Oct.

0.65

.7

.85

.6

.85

.65

.75

.7

.6

.75

.8

.5

.8

.85

.85

.5

.9

.8

.7

.65

.6

.7

.7

.7

.6

.9

.9

.95

.95

.95

.95

Nov.

0.9

.9

.95

.9

.95

.95

.95

.9

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.9

.7

.65

.9

.85

.7

.9

.7

.6

.6

.9

.65

.55

.6

.85

.6

Dec.

f 0.9

.9

.6,r&

.7

.55

.55

.55

.6

.9

.55

.55

.9

.9

.5

.6

.8

.5

.5

NOTE. Ice conditions Jan. 1-13, Feb. 3-8,16-20, and Dec. 18-31.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mora River at La Cueva, N. Hex., for 1910.

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18... . ...........

19...............

20. ..............

21...............

22...............

23. ..............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

11

11

14

14

18

15

15

21

15

15

15

15

22

22

29

16

6

10

Feb.

11

11

12

14

16

17

15

15

15

18

15

24

18

10

6

6

6

8

10

12

15

15

12

10

10

19

12

12

Mar.

8

8

10

12

18

18

18

19

19

19

20

20

27

20

20

20

21

21

18

33

25

99

9Q

33

OQ

QQ

OK

23

oo

32

21

Apr.

28

24

24

21

19

19

16

19

19

39

39

48

87

87

87

75

SQ

89

89

108

114

114

114

114

102

115

199

128

198

122

May.

115

102

102

90

90

78

78

79

66

78

KR

fifi

78

78

78

66

66

61

61

51

51

56

56

36

36

36

28

QO

36

36

28

June.

46

28

28

QO

28

28

28

14

9

6

5

5

7

9

11

23

16

10

10

8

g

7

20

20

99

10

4

July.

2

2

2

1

2

1

1

.5

1

1

1

3

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

1.5

0

0

0

0

186

68

Aug.

47

20

9

94

34

14

14

14

9

14

14

23

20

14

14

12

26

9fi

26

19

14

14

14

5

3

3

4

.8

Sept.

0.8

.8

1.2

1.2

1.2

.8

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

.8

7

9

9

2.1

2.1

2.1

1.2

1.2

3

1.2

5

7

7

9

2

1

2.1

Oct.

2.1

3

7

1.2

7

2.1

4

3

1.2

4

5

.5

5

7

.5

9

5

3

2.1

1.2

q

q

3

1 9

9

19

12

19

12

Nov.

g

9

12

9

12

12

12

9

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

9

3

2.1

9

7

3

9

0

1.2

1.2

9 1

.8

1.2

1.2

Dec.

9

9

1.2

.8

3

.8

.8

.8

1.2

9

.8

.8

9

9

.5

1.2

5

.5

.5

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

NOTE. These discharges were obtained as follows: Jan. 1-13, Feb. 3-5,16-20, and Dec. 20-31, estimated 

on account of ice. Jan. 14-Feb. 2 indirect method for shifting channels. Feb. 6-Mar. 7, based on a rating 

curve which is not well defined. Mar. 8-Apr. 26, indirect method for shifting channels. Apr. 27-June 

12, based on a rating curve which is not well defined. June 13-Aug. 2, indirect method for shifting channels. Aug. 3-Dec. 19, based on a rating curve which is not well denned. Discharges interpolated for 

all other days for which no gage heights are given.

8825° WSP 287 11 5
66 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1J 

Monthly discharge of Mora River at La Cu

Month. 

S

January. -

February 

March

April..............................................

May...............................................

July...............................................

August .

Septembi

Novembe 

Decembe

Th

Discha

Maximum.

29 

24 

39 

128 

115 

46 

186 

94 

9 

12 

12 

9

186

Discharge measurements of La Cueva canal at .

Date.

Apr. 26 

June 12 

Aug. 30 

Oct. 21 

Nov. 30

Hydrographer.

)10, PART VII. 

eva, N. Mex., for 1910.

"ge in second-feet.

Minimum.

8 

16 

28 

3 

0 

.8 

.8 

.5 

.8

0

Mean.

13.4 

12.8 

22.3 

73.3 

63.6 

16.2 

9.05 

16.9 

3.10 

5.04 

5.33 

2.76

20.3

Eun-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

824 

711 

1.370 

4,360 

3,910 

964 

556 

1,040 

184 

310 

317 

170

14,700

Accuracy.

D. 

C. 

C. 

0. 

0. 

C.

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c.

rjd Cueva, N. Mex., in 1910.

Width Area of Gage 

Wldth- section, height.

Feet

W. W. Mills ............................................... 7.

G. H. Rrssell . . ......... 6.

C. B. Digby..... .................................... ..... 8.

Sq.ft. Feet. 

S 7. 6 1. 18 

0 7.3 .86 

1 4. 3 .60 

7 4. 0 .43 

0 8. 8 .60

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

7.6 

8.5 

7.1 

1.5 

8.1

Daily gage height, in feet, of La Cueva canal at JLa Cueva, N. Mex., for 1910. 

[Hugh Loudon, observer.]

Day.

2...................... 

3...................... 

4...................... 

5......................

6...................... 

7...................... 

8. ..................... 

9......................

10......................

11......................

12......................

13......................

14...................... 

15......................

16......................

17......................

18......................

19......................

20......................

21...................... 

22...................... 

23...................... 

24...................... 

25......................

26...................... 

27...................... 

28...................... 

29...................... 

30...................... 

31......................

Feb.

n t

.75

.5

1.0

""."45" 

.4 

.4 

.4

.4 

.4 

.4

Mar.

0.65

.7 

.7 

.7 

.2

.4

.75 

.75 

.75

.6

.7

.65

.6 

1.05

1.0

.75

.8

.8

.2

.85 

.8 

.8 

1.15 

.9

.9 

1.15 

.95 

1.1 

1.15 

.95

Apr.

0.95

.75 

1.1 

.85 

.9

1.05 

1.15 

1.2 

1.2

1.15

1.15

1.2

1.15

1.0 

1.1

1.0

1.15

1.1

1.1

1.3

1.1 

1.05 

1.3 

1.25 

1.25

1.25 

1.3 

1.35 

1.25 

1.25

May.

1.3

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.25

1.2 

1.4 

1.35 

1.4

1.4

1.35

1.4

1.45

1.35

1 9

1.15

.9

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1 

1.15 

1.2 

1.1 

1.15

1.15 

1.15 

1.25 

1.25 

1.2 

1.15

June.

1.3

1.2 

1.2 

1.0 

1.2

1.1 

1.0 

1.0 

.9

.9

.8

.95

.95

.9

.85

9

1.0

.95

.9

.85

.25 

.9

.8 

.75 

.85

1.1 

1.3 

......

1.1

July.

O Q

.8 

.8 

.75 

.6

.6 

.5 

.45 

.4

.65

.5

.6

1.15

.65

.6

.6

.7

.5

.5

.5

.6 

.6 

.6

.7 

.7

.6 

.5 

.45

.4

Aug.

"i."6"

1.0 

1.0 

.95 

1.2

1.0

1.2

1.05

1.0

1.0 

1.0

1.0

.5

.9

.3

1.1

1.1

.7 

.7 

1.15 

1.0

1.0

.75 

1.0

.75 

.6

.7

Sept.

0.65

.65 

.8 

1.05 

1.1

1.0 

1.2 

1.15 

1.1

1.05

1.05

1.15

.9

.75 

.75

.55

1.10

.95

1.15

1.10

.95 

.4 

1.0 

.7 

1.0

.7 

.7 

.6 

1.0 

1.0

Oct.

1.05

1.05 

.5 

1.0 

.45

1.1

.7 

.8 

.95

.7

.3

.8

.5

.45 

.45

.8

.6

.6

1.2

1.1

.75 

1.15 

1.1 

1.15

.8

Nov.

"o-'e"

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6 

.2

.65

.65

.3

.3

.6

.05 

.6 

.6 

.6

.1

.0 

.6 

.6 

.25 

.65

Dec.

0.15

.3 

.55 

.6

.75

.6 

.55 

.5 

.5

.05

.5

.5

""5"

.5

.2

.5

.5

NOTE. No record for January. Ice Dec. 20-31. Canal was dry on all other days for which no 

heights are given.
LOWEB MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 67 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of La Cueva canal at La Cueva, N. Mex.,for 1910.

Day.

1. .....................

2......................

3......................

4......................

5......................

6......................

7......................

8......................

9......................

10......................

11......................

12. .....................

13......................

14......................

15......................

16......................

17......................

18......................

1Q

20......................

21......................

22......................

23......................

24......................

25......................

26......................

27......................

28......................

29......................

30......................

31......................

Feb.

0.5

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

4.2

1.5

7.0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Mar.

2.5

3

3

3

0

.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

1.8

2.8

2.3

0

1.8

6.8

6.0

3.0

3.5

3.5

0

4.2

3

C

3.5

8.0

4.5

4

C

7.8

5.0

7.0

7.8

5.0

Apr.

5.0

2.8

7.0

3.5

4.3

6.0

7.5

8.2

8.2

7.5

7.5

8.0

7.5

5.5

6.5

5.5

7.3

6.5

6.5

9.5

6.5

6.0

9.5

8.5

8.5

8.5

9.5

10.5

9.0

9.0

May.

10.0

8.5

9.0

9.0

10.0

9

13

12

13

14

13

14

15

13

11

10

6

10

10

10

10

11

12

10

11

11

11

14

14

12

11

June.

15

13

13

10

14

12

13

13

8

8

8

10

10

9

10

11

10

10

9

1

10

8

8

9

14

18

0

16

14

July.

10

8

8

8

6

6

4.5

4.0

3.2

6.5

4.5

6

15

6.5

6

6

7.5

5

5

5

6

6

6

7.5

7.5

6

5

4

3.5

0

0

Aug.

0

0

13

0

0

13

13

12

17

13

17

14

131?

i<i

13

5

11

3

15

15

8

8

15

14

14

9

14

9

7

Sept.

8

8

0

14

15

13

17

16

15

13

13

14

10

9

4

13

9

13

12

9

2

10

5

10

5

5

4

9

9

Oct.

10

10

2.5

9

2

10

5

6

8

5

1

6

2. S

1.5

1.5

5

3

3

11

10

4.5

10

11

11

6

0

0

0

0

0

0

Nov.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6

6

6

6

6

6

2

7

7

3

3

7

1

7.5

7.5

7.5

2

8

8

8

3.5

8.5

Dec.

2.5

4

7 5

8

8

8

7,5

7

7

2

7

7

0

0

7

7

3

7

7

5

fi

5

5

fi

5

fi

fi

5

fi

fi

5

NOTE. These discharges were obtained by trie indirect method for shifting channels.

Monthly discharge of La Cueva canal at La Cueva, N. Mex., for 1910.

Month.

April..............................................

May.. ....... ......................................

July............. ................. .................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

7 

8 

10.5 

15 

18 

15 

17 

17 

11 

8.5 

8

Minimum.

0 

0 

2.8 

6 

0 

0 

0 

2

0 

0 

0

Mean.

0.72 

3.70 

7.19 

11.2 

10.4 

5.88 

10.3 

10.1 

4.98 

4.22 

5.37

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

40 

228 

428 

689 

619 

362 

633 

601 

306 

251 

330

4,490

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

C.

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c.

SAPELLO EIVER AT LOS ALAMOS, N. MEX.

This station, which was established August 22, 1903, to determine 

the amount of water available for diversion into the San Guijuella 

Reservoir for the Las Vegas project, is located about 100 yards 

upstream from the post office and general store at Los Alamos, 

N. Mex., 13 miles north of Las Vegas, the nearest railroad point.

The proposed reservoir lies about 6 miles northwest of Las Vegas, 

has a storage capacity of about 40,000 acre-feet, is to be filled from
68 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

the Gallinas, Sapello, and other streams in that vicinity, and is to be 

used for the irrigation of 10,000 acres of land. The station is situated 

about 4 miles below the mouth of the Manuelitos and a few miles 

above the junction of the Sapello with Mora River. A considerable 

portion of the normal flow of the stream is diverted for irrigation 

above the station.

The original gage was destroyed by a flood on September 29, 1904, 

and was replaced in April, 1905, by the present chain gage 400 feet 

upstream and at a different datum. Results for short periods during 

the winter season are sometimes affected by ice on this stream.

The channel is somewhat shifting in character, and on account of 

the inadequacy of discharge measurements, especially at the higher 

stages, results have not been entirely satisfactory. Discharge measurements are made from cable during high stages and by wading at 

miscellaneous sections during low stages. The cable is located about 

200 feet above chain gage.

Discharge measurements of Sapello River at Los Alamos, N. Mex., in 1910.

Date.

Feb. 6

Mar. 7

June 12

30

Oct. 21

Mov. 30

Hydrographer.

G. H. Russell.. . ...........................................

.....do.. ...................................................

.....do.....................................................

W. W. Mills.. .............................................

G. H. Russell. .............................................

C. B. Dieby.. .............................................

Width.

Feet. 

9

9.5

12.8

9

12.4

(i.O

8.0

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

3.1 4 9

5.5

2.8

1.6

3.0

1.5

2.28

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

-0.08

- .04

+ .10

- .20

- .10

- .10

- .15

- .20

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

l.C

2.3

7.4

1.2

3.1

1.6

.75

1.27

Daily gage height, in feet, of Sapello River at Los Alamos, N. Mex., for 1910. 

[William Frank, observer.]

Day.

1. ..............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6.. ............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10. ..............

11...............

12

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18............... 

19...............

20...............

Jan.

-0.1

- .1

- .05

- .05

- .05

- .05

- .05

- .05

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

- .05

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

Feb.

-0.1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1 

- .1

 .2

Mar.

-0.15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

0

.1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

_ ^

_ i

Apr.

0.0

0

0

0

-.05

-.05

-.05

0

0

0

0

0

0

.1

.3

.2

.2

.2

May.

0.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

0

0

0

.05 

.05

.05

June.

-0.05

- .05

- .05

- .05

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .2

- .2

_ 2

_ 9

0

0

.75

- .1

_ 9

- .2

- .2

- .2

July.

-0.2

 2

- .2

_ 2

 .2

_ 9

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .1

 .1

- .2

- .2

.......

.......

Aug.

-0.1

- .1

_ i

 .2

- .2

1.35 

.15

0

Sept.

-0.1

- .1

- .2

- .15

- .1

 1

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

 .2

- .2

 2

- .15

- .1

- .15

- .2

- .2 

- .2

- .2

Oct.

-0.2

- .2

- .2

_ 9

9

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

9

- .2

O

 9

- .2

- .2

 2 

- !l5

- .15

Nov.

-0.1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .15

 .2

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .2 

- .2

- .2

Dr-C.

-0.2

- .2

- .2

- .15

- .1

- .1

- .1

_ ^

_ -i

- .1

__ 1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

__ J

- .1 

- .1

- .1
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 69 

Daily gage height, infect, ofSape.llo River at Los Alamos, N. Mex.,for 1910 Contd.

Day.

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

-0.1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

Feb.

-0.15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

Mar.

-0.1

- .1

- .1

- .1

- .1

.05

0

0

0

0

0

At>r.

0.2

.2

.2

.2

.1

.1

.1

.1

May.

0.05

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

-.05

-.05

-.05

June.

-0.2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

July. Aug.

0

0

0.3

0

- .1

- .1

- .1

 .1

.05

- .1

 .1

Sept.

-0.15

- .05

- .1

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

Oct,

-0.15

- .15

- .2

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

- .15

Nov.

-0.2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

- .2

Dec.

-0.05

- .05

- .05

- .05

- .05

- .05

- .05

- .1

 .1

- .1

- .1

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sifpello River at Los Alamos, N. Mex.,for 1910.

Day.

1. ..............

2...............

3...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9

10...............

11...............

12...............

13............... 

14............... 

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19............... 

20...............

21...............

22...............

93

24...............

25............... 

26...............

27. ..............

28. ..............

29. ..............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

1.5

1.5

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2 

3.2 

3.2

1.5

1.5

1.5 

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5 

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Feb.

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5 

1.5 

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5 

.6

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0 

1.0

1.0

1.0

Mar.

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

3.2

6.3

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5 

1.5 

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5 

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

4.8

3.2

3.2

3 9

3 9

3.2

Apr.

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

2.4

2.4

2.4

3.2

3 9

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2 

6.3 

10.2

14.8

10.7

10.7

10.7

10.7

10.7

10.7

10.7

7.4 

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

May.

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4 

7.4 

4.9

4 Q

4 9

6 2

6.2 

6.2

6.2

4 9

A Q

4 9

4.9 

4.9

A Q

4 9

3.8

3.8

3.8

June.

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

1.2

1.2

1.2

4.9 

4.9 

46

2.8

1.2

1.2

1.2 

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

July.

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

2.8

2.8

1.2

1.2

Aug.

2.8

2.8 

2.8 

2.8

1.2

1.2

112

8.2 

3.2

3.2

3.2

14.8

3.2

1.5 

1.5

1.5

1.5

4.8

1.5

1.5

Sept.

1.5

1.5

.6

1.0

1.5

1.5

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6 

1.0 

1.5

1.0

.6

.6

.6 

.6

1.0

2.4

1.5

.6

.6 

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

Oct.

0.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6 

.6 

.6

.6

.6

.6

1.0 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Nov.

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.0

.6

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.5 

2.0 

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.2

1.2 

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2 

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

Dec.

1.2

1.2

1.2

2.0

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

9 ft £,. O

2.8 

2.8

2

0

2

Q

2.8

2.8 

2.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

yjRPpi

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

NOTE. These discharges are based on curves applicable as follows: Jan. 1- A.pr. 10 and Aug. IS-Deo. 31, 

fairly well defined; Apr. 17-Aug. ] 7, fairly well defined.

Monthly discharge of Rapello River at Los Alamos, N. Mex.,for 1910.

Month.

March .......................... . . . . . .

May........................... . .

July (1-13).". .......................................

August (12-31).. . ..................................

September.... ................. . .

November. .....................

The period. .................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3.2 

1.5 

6.3 

14.8 

7.4 

46 

2.8 

112 

2.4 

1 

2 

3.8

Minimum.

1.5 

.6 

1 

2.4 

3.8 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

.6 

.6 

.6 

1.2

Mean.

2.09 

1.32 

2 

6.68 

6.09 

3.55 

1.45 

8.76 

.89 

. .75 

1.32 

2.85

Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet).

129 

73 

123 

397 

374 

211 

37 

348 

53 

46 

79 

175

2050

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C.
70 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

UTE CREEK NEAR LOGAN, N. MEX.

This station, which was reestablished April 13, 1909, to obtain 

records of the flow available for storage and irrigation, is located 7 

miles northwest of Logan, N. Mex., 4 miles above the mouth of Ute 

Creek and 100 yards northwest of the old Martinez house. The 

station is maintained in cooperation with the Territorial engineer of 

New Mexico.

No important tributaries enter Ute Creek below the station or for 

several miles above. The stream is intermittent in character and 

most of the run-off water is derived from heavy rains on the basin. 

A little water is diverted for irrigation above the station, but storage 

is necessary in order to utilize any considerable proportion of the 

flow for that purpose. Several reservoir sites are located in that 

vicinity, the best known of which is probably the Ute Creek reservoir 

site, a few miles above the gaging station.

Measurements are made by wading near the gage. Estimates of 

flood discharge have been made by Kutter's formula. To obtain 

good results it will be necessary to install a cable in the vicinity of 

the gage. The stream bed is very shifting in character and the creek 

is subject to sudden rises, so that results obtained will at best be 

only moderately accurate.

The location and datum of the inclined rod gage has remained 

constant and is the same as that used by the United States Reclamation Service from August 12, 1904, to June 30, 1906.

Discharge measurements of Ute Creek near Logan, N. Mex., in 1910.

 ft.

Jan. 31

Mar. 15

May 7

June 17

Aug. 1

3

24

Oct. 14

Dec. 20

Hydrographer.

G.H.Russell..............................................

.....do.....................................................

J. B. Stewaxt. .............................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

.....do.....................................................

W. W. Mills...............................................

G.H. Russell..............................................

Width.

Feet. 

8

58

42

24

Area of 

section.

*ll

51

18.6

9.2

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.42

.52

1.45

1.22

1.40

.81

Discharge.

See.-jt. 

0.23

o.l

0

0

177

31.8

10.2

o.l

o.l

a Estimated. 

NOTE. Measurements made by wading at various sections.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 71

Daily gage height, in feet, of Ute Creek near Loqan, N. Mex.,for 1910. 

[Eligio Martinez, observer.]

Day.

1... ................

2...................

3...................

4...................

5...................

6...................

7...................

8...................

9...................

10...................

11...................

12. ..................

13............. .....

14...................

15...................

16...................

17...................

18...................

19...................

20...................

21...................

22...................

23...................

24...................

oc

26...................

27...................

28...................

29..................

30. .................

31...................

Jan.

0.66

.55

.5

3.15

2.2

.95

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

Feb.

0.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

Mar.

0.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

Apr.

0.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

May.

0.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

,2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

June.

0.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.6

.5

.5

.5

.5

1.4

1.1

1.05

1.0

1.0

July.

1.0

.9

1.6

1.25

1.4

2.1

1.6

1.6

2.6

6.2

5.5

5.0

4.5

4.0

4.05

3.45

1.4

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.2

.9

.8

.5

.4

.3

.3

.35

.35

1.0

3.65

Aug.

2.5

3.25

2.6

4.05

1.6

1.2

1.2

1.1

.95

4.4

1.8

3.0

1.3

1.5

1.5

1.0

2.0

4.9

2.7

1.8

1.2

1.3

1.1

1.35

1.16

1.05

.7

.4

.4

.4

Sept.

0.4

.85

1.05

.65

.7

.75

.8

.8

.8

.8

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

Oct.

0.2

NOTE. Observer reported the creek dry after Oct. 2.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Ute Creek near Logan, N. Mex.,for 1910.

Day.

1.. ...........

2.............

3.............

4.............

5.............

C... ..........

7..............

8.............

9.............

10.............

11.............

12.............

13.............

14.............

15.............

16.............

17.............

18.............

19.............

20.............

21 .............

22.............

23.............

24.............

25.............

26.............

27.............

28.............

29.............

30.............

31.............

Jan.

2

3

3

2

1,590

1,120

360

8

4

4

4

4

4

4

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

Feb.

0.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

Mar.

0.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

Apr.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

May.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

June.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

88

00

27

21

21

July.

21

13

136

58

88

310

136

136

640

6,280

4,700

3,700

2,800

2,050

2,120

1,420

88

67

58

49

49

13

8

0

0

0

0

0

21

1,640

Aug.

560

1,210

640

2,120

100

24

24

13

6

2,710

120

980

22

42

42

4

200

3 con

720

sa

6

9

8

4

2

0

0

0

- 0

Sept.

0

0

6

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Oct.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Nov.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Dec.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

NOTE. These discharges were obtained as follows: Jan. 1-31, based on a rating curve which is well defined; Feb. 1-June 25, estimated from hydrographer's notes; June 26-July 30, based on a rating curve 

which is fairly well defined; July 81-Sept. 3, indirect method for shifting channels. There may have been 

some flow at times during the periods for which zero flow is given, but if so, it was practically negligible.
72 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Monthly discharge of Ute Creek near Logan, N. Mex.,for 1910.

Month.

April ..............................................

May...............................................

July...............................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,590 

.2 

.1 

0 

0 

88 

6,280 

3,530 

6 

0 

0 

0

6,280

Minimum.

0.2 

.1 

.1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0

0

Mean.

101 

.14 

.10 

0 

0 

6.33 

858 

425 

.20 

0 

0 

0

118

Run-off, 

(total in 

acre-feet).

6,210 

8 

6 

0 

0 

377 

52,800 

26,100 

12 

0 

0 

0

85,500

Accuracy.

B.

C. 

C.

C. 

B. 

B. 

C.

YAZOO RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 

DESCRIPTION.

Yazoo River is formed by the union of Tallahatchie and Yalobusha 

rivers just above Greenwood, Miss., whence it flows southward and 

south west ward to its junction with the Mississippi at Vicksburg.

Tallahatchie River and its large tributary Coldwater River rise in 

the northern part of Mississippi. Yokona River, also an important 

tributary of the Tallahatchie, comes in from the east just above the 

mouth of the Coldwater. Yalobusha River rises in the northern part 

of the State, farther east than the other tributaries. Sunflower River, 

which empties into the Yazoo about 20 miles above Vicksburg, drains 

a narrow basin along the upper western border of the State which is 

cut off from Mississippi River by the levees.

The drainage area may be divided into two distinct parts, the delta 

and the hill lands. The delta comprises a strip of land east of the 

Mississippi extending from the State line on the north to VicksBurg 

on the south, about 60 miles wide at the center and decreasing in 

width to about 5 miles at either end. The hill lands comprise the 

portion of the drainage area located to the east of the delta. The 

entire delta is traversed by many small streams and bayous and contains numerous so-called lakes, which are really old river channels. 

During high-water periods the natural channels carry water from one 

stream to another, and large areas are covered by overflow water.

Except for the land that has been cleared for cultivation at 

present a relatively small amount the drainage area is forested. 

The mean annual precipitation is about 50 inches. Yazoo River is 

navigable for its entire length, and most of the larger tributaries are 

navigable for small boats. The tributaries are used to some extent 

for logging.

 The data collected in the drainage basin are of value for drainage 

and navigation problems. The Tallahatchie drainage commission is 

engaged in a drainage project in the upper portion of the basin.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 73

TALLAHATCHIE RIVER AT BATESVILLE, MISS.

This station, which is located at the county highway bridge 1 mile 

west of Batesville and about 2 miles below the crossing of the Illinois 

Central Railroad, was established on June 15, 1906. The record has 

been continuous since that time except for a break from August 1 to 

September 19, 1906. The station is now maintained in connection 

with the Tallahatchie drainage commission.

The ground on the right bank is low for a mile or more, but the 

road has been raised above high water except at a number of bridged 

openings.

Discharge measurements can be conveniently made at all stages, 

and the relation between gage heights and discharge should be fairly 

constant. A chain gage attached to the bridge is used, the datum of 

which has remained the same.

Discharge measurements of Tallahatchie River at Batesville, Miss., in 1910. 

[By engineers of the Tallahatchie drainage commission.]

Date.

Mar. 1...

Apr. 18..

19..

Width.

Feet.

210

173

181

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft.

2,140

1,460

1,610

Gage 

height.

Feet.

14.04

9.44

9.98

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

5,600

3,600

4,030

Date.

Apr. 20. .

21..

Width.

Feet.

185

188

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft.

1,700

1,780

&.

Feet.

10.54

11.17

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

4,300

4,830

Daily gage hei\ , in feet, of Tallahatchie River at Batesvilk, Miss., for 1910. 

[J. S. Goff, observer.]

Day.

1. ..............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

4.4

4.2

3.9

3.7

6.0

12.1

10.9

9.1

8.8

8.4

8.6

9.3

9.2

9.1

9.7

9.3

9.1

8.4

8.2

8.0

9.5

8.4

8.3

8.3

8.4

8.5

8.4

8.2

8.0

7.6

7.3

Feb.

4.9

4.8

5.0

5.2

4.7

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.4

4.3

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.0

4.1

4 7

5.2

6.1

7.2

7.4

10.7

11.1

11.3

11.5

11.9

12.8

13.9

14.5

Mar.

14.1

13.3

12.3

11.4

10.6

9.7

8.9

8.0

7.4

6.6

5.7

5.3

5.0

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.4

4.3

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.9

3.9

3 Q

1 Q

Apr,

3.9.

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.9

3.8

3.9

4.0

4.1

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.4

9.2

8.7

9.3

9.4

9.8

10.3

11.0

11.6

12.0

11.9

11.4

10.7

8.9

7.0

6.4

4.9

.......

May.

4.6

4.4

4.1

4.0

3,8

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.2

3.2

3.1

4.0

3.4

3.3

4.9

6.1

7.1

7.6

8.0

9.5

8.6

8.7

9.0

Q 1

9.2

9 1

Time.

8.5

6.9

4.8

4.2

4.5

4.0

3.7

3.6

4.0

11.6

9.5

8.9

8.7

8.6

8.6

8.9

8.5

8.1

8.6

8.6

6.5

4.6

4.5

4.0

3.9

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.9

4.4

July.

4.5

5.7

7.7

7.9

7.9

7.7

7.9

12.6

14.4

14.6

16.3

17.1

16.6

15.9

15.1

14.2

13.2

13.8

14.6

12.7

10.9

9.5

7.7

7.0

12.6

10.4

8.1

5.7

4.8

4.4

4 9

Aug.

4.1

3.9

3.9

3.7

3.6

3.5

4.0

4.8

4.1

4.5

4.3

3.9

4.0

4.2

3.8

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.3

4.0

6.2

3.3

3.2

4.6

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.7

3.9

3.8

3.5

Sept.

3.3

3.7

3.6

3.4

3.2

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.4

2.4

Oct.

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.6

2.4

2.5

2.7

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.8

2.7

2 7

2.7

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.4

9 A

Nov.

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

Dec.

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

3.5

3.2

3.9

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.0

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

3.1

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.4

4.8

5.7

5.4
74 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tallahatchie River at Batesville, Miss., for 1910.

Day.

1. ..............

2 .

3...............

4...............

K

6...............

1. ..............

8...............

9...............

10. ..............

11...............

12...............

10

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18. .......... ...

19...............

20. ..............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24. ..............

25...............

26. ..............

27.--....-.......

28. ..............

29. ..............

30. .............. 

31...............

Jan.

1,100

1,030

919

849

1,730

5,480

4,530

3,320

3,140

2,920

3,020

3,440

3,380

3,320

3,700

3 440

3,320

2,920

2,800

2 ?nn

3,570

2,860

2,860

2,920

2 Q7ft

2,920

2 QfiO

2,700

2,490 

2,340

Feb.

1,290

1,250

1,320

1,400

1,210

1,170

1,170

1,100

1 060

1,030

991

QQ1

QKC

991

1,210

1 400

1,770

2,290

2

QQA

4,390

4,680

4,980

5,300

6,090

7,170

7 ft^n

Mar.

7,390

6,550

5 640

4,900

4,320

3,700

3,200

2,700

2,390

o nnn

1 600

1,440

1,320

1 9<tfl

1,210

1,170

1,100

1,060

1,030

991

991

QCC

QKC

919

919

Q1Q

883

919

919

919 

919

Apr.

919

919

Q1Q

883

Q1Q

883

Q1Q

QKK

991

QQO

849

815

781

747

3,380

3,080

3 440

3^500

3,760

4,110

4,600

5

(\af\

5,300

4 900

A qnn

3 9/in

2 igQ

1,910

1,290

May.

1,170

1,100

QQ1

955

883

849

849

815

781

747

747

747

710

679

fi7Q

OAK

QKK

747

713

1,290

1,770

2,240

2,490

2,700

3,570

3,020

3 080

3

ncn

3,320

3,380 

3,320

June.

2,970

2,140

1,260

1,030

1 140

955

849

815

955

K OfX\

3,570

3,200

3,080

3,020

3,020

3,200

2,970

2,750

3,020

3,020

1,950

1,170

1 14A

955

Q1Q

1 ft£O

1 140

1,290

1,100

July.

1,140

1,600

2,540

2,650

2,540

2,650

5,910

7,720

7,950

10,200

11,400

9,620

8,550

7,500

6,460

7,060

7,950

6,000

4,530

3,570

2,540

2,190

5,910

4,180

2,750

1 600

1^250

1,100 

1,030

Aug.

991

919

919

849

815

781

955

1,250

991

1,140

1,060

919

955

1,030

883

815

781

747

713

955

1,820

713

679

1,170

1,140

955

781

849

919

883 

781

Sept.

713

849

815

747

679

613

613

613

613

613

613

581

549

549

517

517

517

517

485

485

485

455

455

455

455

425

455

485

425

425

Oct.

425

425

425

425

485

425

AKK

517

613

«wlO

517

549

517

517

517

613

549

517

549

517

517

517

485

485

455

455

455

JOE

425

425 

425

Nov.

425

425

425

455

455

455

455

455

455

455

455

455

455

455

455

455

425

425

425

425

425

425

425

425

425

425

455

455

455

455

Dec.

549

549

549

549

781

679

919

679

679

679

679

613

549

549

517

517

517

517

485

645

713

A3

713

713

747

1,250

1,600 

1,480

NOTE. These discharges were obtained from a rating curve which is well defined.

Monthly discharge of Tallahatchu River at Batesville, Miss., for 1910.

Month. ,

March... . ......................................................

July ...........................................................

The year. ................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Miximum.

5,480 

7,830 

7,390 

5,390 

3,5?0 

5,060 

11,400 

1,820 

8*9 

613 

455 

1,600

11,400

Minimum.

849 

955 

883 

747 

645 

815 

1,030 

679 

425 

425 

425 

485

425

r>

Mean.

2,850 

2,550 

2,100 

2,400 

1,590 

1,990 

4,950 

941 

557 

490 

442 

706

1,800

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

A.

TALLAHATCHIE RIVER AT PHILIPP, MISS.

This station is located at the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad bridge at Philipp. It was established September 6, 1908, for 

the purpose of obtaining run-off data in connection with the work of 

the Tallahatchie drainage commission.

The stream above the station will at times overflow the surrounding 

country for a distance of several miles on either side. The overflow,
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN.

however, with small exceptions, is intercepted by the railroad 

embankment and is made to flow in the main channel at the gaging 

station, and a few trestled openings in the railroad embankment. 

Variations in the relative stage of the river below the station "will 

probably so affect the slope as to disturb the relation between gage 

heights and discharge. Judging by the plotting of the discharge 

measurements so far made, this disturbance does not appear to be 

great.

The datum of the gage, which is a vertical staff, is mean sea level; 

the gage readings therefore represent elevations above sea level. 

Measurements are made from the downstream side of the railway 

bridge.

Discharge measurements of Tallahatchie River at Philipp, Miss., in 1910. 

[By engineers of the Tallahatchie drainage commission.]

Date.

10.........................................................

Width.

Fed. 

240

275

Area of 

section.

Sq.ft. 

4,370

5,030

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

120.4

130.7

Discharge.

Sec.Jt. 

9,650

10,900

Daily gage height, in feet, of Tallahatchie River at Philipp, Miss., for 1910. 

[J. P. Mahoney, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

K

0...............

7.. . ............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

90

23...............

24...............

25...............

20. ..............

27...............

28...............

23...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

123.6

m K

123.2

122.7

122.0

122.9

124.0

125.0

125.8

126.4

126.7

127.0

127.5

127.6

127.7

127.8

128.0

128.2

128.6

128.7

128.9

129.0

129.1

19Q o

129.3

129.4

129.5

129.4

129.3

Feb.

129.2

19Q A

128.9

128.4

m Q

127.3

126.3

125.0

123.5

122.0

120.9

119.7

118.7

118.0

117.6

117.1

117.6

118.8

118.8

118.9

118.9

119.1

119.2

m q

119.5

119.6

119.8

119.9

.......

Mar.

119.1

120.2

120.3

120.4

120.5

120.9

130.0

130.4

130.6

130.7

130.8

130. 8

130.8

130.8

130.6

130.5

130.3

130.0

129.5

129.0

128.0

127.0

125.7

124.0

122.5

121.0

119.5

118.6

117.8

117.3

116.7

Apr.

116.5

116.2

116.0

115.8

115.8

115.9

116.6

117.2

117.7

118.1

118.3

118.3

117.6

117.3

117.6

120.4

123.0

124.7

125.7

126.5

127.0

127.5

127.9

128.3

128.5

128.9

129.0

129.4

129.6

129.9

May.

130.0

130.2

130.3

130.3

130.3

130.2

129.8

129.2

128.4

125.4

123.6

121.5

119.9

118.5

117.4

116.8

116.6

117.2

117.7

118.9

121.2

122.5

123.7

124.8

125.8

127.1

127.5

127.7

127.9

June.

128.0

128.0

127.9

127.7

127.9

126.0

124.6

123.3

121.4

121.7

122.3

122.3

123.0

123.5

124.0

124.5

124.7

125.0

125.4

125.6

125.8

126.5

126.7

127.0

126.4

125.8

125.5

125.4

124.6

July.

124.0

123.5

123.5

124.0

124.6

125.5

126.5

127.3

128.3

129.0

129.7

130.5

131.3

132.0

132.6

133.0

133.4

133.6

133.8

133.9

134.0

134.1

134.2

134.3

134.3

134.3

134.2

134.0

133.8

Aug.

133.7

100 K

133.0

132.6

132.0

131.5

130.8

129.8

128.8

127.5

126.0

124.4

122.9

121.4

120.0

118.8

117.9

116.8

110.0

117.5

118.5

118.4

118.8

118.9

118.2

117.4

116.5

115 7

115.5

Sept.

115.5

m q

114.9

114.6

114.6

114.7

114.7

114.8

115.0

115.1

115.0

114.4

114.1

113.7

113.5

113.3

113.1

113.0

113.0

112.9

112.9

112.8

112.8

112.8

1197

112.7

112.6

112.5

112.5

Oct.

112.5

112.5

112.4

112.4

112.4

112.5

113.0

114.4

114.8

115.0

115.2

115.1

115.0

114.7

115.0

114.6

114.9

114.5

114.1

114.6

115.0

114.8

114.5

114.2

113.6

113.2

113.0

112.8

112.6

112.5

112.4

Nov.

112.4

112.3

112.3

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.2

112.1

112.1

112.1

112.1

112.1

112.1

112.1

112.1

112.1

112.1

112.1

Dec.

112.1

112.2

112.2

112.3

112.6

112.9

113.2

113.6

113.5

113.5

113.4

113.3

113.3

113.2

113.2

113.1

113.0

112.8

112.7

112.6

112. 6

112.5

112.5

113.1

113.7

114.1

114.2

114.3

114.5

114.8

115.9
76 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PAET VII.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tallahatchie River at Philipp, Miss., for 1910.

Day.

1.. .............

o

5...... .........

6...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

IS...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

6,160

6.100

5,920

5,620

5,200

5,200

5, "40

(5,400

7 000

7,480

7,840

8,020

8,200

8,500

8,560

8,680

8,800

8,800

8.920

9,160

9,220

9,340

9,400

9,460

9,520

9,580

9,700

9,640

9,580

Feb.

9,520

9,400

9,340

9,040

8,740

8,380

7,780 7 nnn

6,100

5,200

4 54Q

3,840

3,300

2,940

2,750

2,520

2,^50

3

QAA

3,360

3,410

3,410

3,510

3,570

3,620

3,730

3,780

3 son

3,950

Mar.

3,510

4,120

4,180

4,240

4,300

4,540

10,000

10,200

10,400

10,400

10,500

10.500

10,500

10,400

10,200

10 000

9,700

9,400

8,800

8,200

7,420

5,500

4,600

3,730

3,250

2,840

2.620

2,340

Apr.

2 9!fifl

2,140

2 fl&n

1 980

1,980

2,020

2,300

2,570

2,800

2.990

3,100

3,100

2

-7Kf\

2,620

2,750

4,240

5,800

6,820

7,420

7 onn

8

onn

8,500

8,740

8,980

9.100

9,340

9 400

9 640

9,760

9 twn

May.

10,000

10.100

10,200

10,200

9,880

9 *f>n

9,0^0

8,200

7,240

6,160

4 onn

3,950

3,200

2 fifift

2,390

2

0/in

2,570

2,800

3.410

< 720

5

enA

6,880

7 480

8'l40

8,500

8,740

June.

8,800

8,800

8,740

8,620

8,740

7 600

6,760

5,980

4,840

5,020

5,380

5,380

5,800

6,100

6,400

6,700

6,820

7 000

7,240

7,360

7,480

7,780 7 onn

8,020

8,200

7.840

7,480

7 9<K>

7,240

6,760

July.

6,400

6,100

6,100

6,400

6,760

7,300

7,900

8,380

8,980

9,400

9,820

10,300

10,800

11,400

12,000

19 fftn

13,000

1 0 A(V\

13,700

13,900

14,100

14.300

14. ^nn

14,800

14,800

14,800

14,800

14,500

14,100

13,900

13. 700

Aug.

13,500

13,200

12,500

12,000

11,400

11,000

10,500

9,880

9,280

8,500

7,600

6,640

5,740

4,840

4,000

3,360

2,890

2,390

2,180

2,060

2,700

3,200

3,150

3.360

3,410

3,040

2,660

2,260

1,940

1,880

Sept.

1,880

1,800

1 660

1,560

1,560

1 600

1,600

1,630

1,700

1,740

1,700

1,600

1,500

1,410

1,300

1,250

1,200

1,150

1,130

1,130

1.110

1,110

1 non

1,090

1,090

'1.070

1,070

1,050

1,030

1 

' 030

Oct.

1,030

1,030

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,030

1,130

1,500

1,630

1,700

1.770

1.740

1.700

1,600

1,700

1,560

1,660

1,530

1,410

1,560

1,700

1,630

1,530

1,440

1,270

1,170

1,130

1,090

1,050

1,030

1.010

Nov.

1,010

990

990

972

972

972

972

972

972

972

972

972

972

972

972

972

972

972

972

956

956

956

956

956

956

956

956

956

956

956

Dec.

956

972

972

990

1,050

1,110

1,1'0

1,270

1,250

1,250

1,220

1.200

1,200

1,170

1,170

1,150

1,130

1,090

1,070

1,050

1,050

1,030

1,150

1,300

1,410

1,440

1,470

1,530

1,630

2,020

NOTE. These discharges were obtained from a rating curve which is fairly well denned between 1,100 

and 9,400 second-feet. Above 9,400 second-feet the rating is only approximate, as the stage of the river 

below causes much variation in slope and the higher measurements include large amounts of overflow 

which was very roughly measured.

Monthly discharge of Tallahatchie River at Philipp, Miss., for 1910.

Month.

March. ........................................... .............

April.. .........................................................

Mav.. ............................................ .............

July............................................................

October. .......................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

9,700 

9,520 

10.500 

9,940 

10,200 

8,800 

14,800 

13,500 

1,880 

1.770 

1,010 

2-020

14,800

Minimum.

5.200 

2.520 

2,340 

1.980 

2,300 

4,840 

6,100 

1,880 

1,030 

1,010 

956 

956

956

Mean.

8,060 

5.100 

7.210 

5,370 

6,840 

7,140 

11,400 

5,930 

1,360 

1,370 

969 

1,210

5,180

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B.

YAZOO RIVER AT GREENWOOD, MISS.

This station, which is located at the highway bridge at Greenwood, 

a point about 1 mile below the junction of Yalobusha River, was 

established July 15, 1908, for the purpose of obtaining general run-off 

data applicable to navigation and drainage problems, and is maintained in cooperation with the Tallahatchie drainage commission.
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN". 77

There are no artificial diversions of water above the station, and all 

natural diversions return to river above unless at extreme floods some 

overflow water may be lost to Sunflower River. The conditions 

at the station are favorable for accurate discharge measurements at 

all stages, but it is expected that the relation between gage heights 

and discharges will be greatly disturbed by changes in slope of Yazoo 

River, caused by varying stages of Mississippi River.

The chain gage is fastened to the downstream handrail of the 

bridge. Its datum is mean sea level and has not been changed. 

Discharge measurements are made from this bridge. The United 

States Weather Bureau has maintained a gage here since November 1, 

1904, the datum of which was 92.5 feet above sea level.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Yazoo River at Greenwood, Miss., for 1910. 

[W. T. Davis, observer.] -

Day.

1.......

2.......

3.......

4.......

5.......

6.......

7.......

8.......

9.......

10. ......

11.......

12.......

13.......

14.......

15.......

16.......

17.......

18. ......

19

20.......

91

22.......

23.......

24.......

25.......

26.......

27.......

28.......

29.......

30.......

31.......

Jan.

103. 73

103.53

103.29

102.93

102.54

103.09

105.45

106.73

107. 10

107.46

107. 89

108. 25

108.44

108.46

108.36

108.29

108. 19

108.06

107. 98

108. 38

110. 69

111.93

111.98

111. 88

111.95

112.08

112. 18

112. 23

112. 17

111.93

111.51

Feb.

111.03

110.58

110. 14

109.70

109.20

108.67

107.99

107. 14

106.11

104.96

103.80

102.66

101.55

100.61

99.78

99.07

100.95

106.05

107. 79

108.08

108.83

110.39

111.29

111. 87

112.40

112. 79

113. 14

113.53

Mar.

113.90

114. 12

114.29

114.42

114.55

114.63

114.67

114.59

114.40

114.05

113. 62

113. 16

112. 74

112.31

112.94

111.61

111. 29

110. 97

110. 61

110. 18

109.69

109.03

108. 17

107. 14

105. 92

104.69

103.43

102.20

101. 13

100.20

99.39

Apr.

98.69

98.13

97.75

97.46

97.29

97.19

97.27

97.54

97.94

98.28

98.56

98.71

98.63

98.39

98.26

100.06

102.96

105. 16

106.60

107.60

108.32

108. 74

108. 92

108. 91

108. 74

108.65

108.61

108.62

108.65

May.

108. 69

108.73

108. 77

108.85

108.91

108. 89

108.80

108. 58

108. 16

107. 56

106.68

105.51

104. 14

102. 70

101. 24

99.96

98.96

98.11

97.75

98.74

101.34

104.24

105. 53

106.34

107.23

107. 97

108.60

109.08

109.22

109.20

June.

108.99

108. 73

108.35

107.95

107. 74

107.46

106.86

105.99

104.91

103.93

103.84

104.73

105.23

105.48

105.64

105.77

105.75

105.65

105.61

106.70

107. 50

107.64

107. 78

107.75

107 49

107. 25

107. 13

106 97

106.73

106.41

July.

106.42

106.28

106.13

106.55

107. 14

108. 21

109.31

110.22

110.99

111. 71

112. 59

113.66

114.83

115. 92

116. 87

117.55

118.04

118.49

118. 94

119. 21

119. 28

119. 29

119. 28

119. 18

119.02

119.08

119,04

118:76

118. 42

118.09

117.83

Aug.

117.85

117.64

117.09

116.49

115.89

115.28

114.62

114.02

113.25

112.42

111.40

110.31

109.09

107. 58

106.07

104.64

103.32

102.05

100.76

99.62

100.16

101.41

101.43

101.08

100.86

100.73

100.28

QQ fin

98.90

98.05

97.41

Sept.

97.04

96.80

96.48

96.13

95.88

95.90

96.06

96.00

95.93

95.89

95.88

95.82

95.64

95.39

95.12

94.85

94.66

94.52

94.40

94.30

94.20

94.14

94.09

94.03

93.99

94.00

94.01

94.04

94.01

93.97

Oct.

93.93

93.85

93.81

93.76

93.75

94.08

96.13

97.88

97.89

97.23

96.84

96.56

96.56

97.34

98.53

98.63

98.00

97.29

96.59

96.07

95.94

95.94

95.84

95.60

95.25

94.91

94.65

94.46

94.24

94.09

94.01

Nov.

93.93

93.84

93.77

93.73

93.72

93.70

93.70

93.70

93.70

93.70

93.68

93.66

93.66

93.65

93.62

93.61

93.60

93.58

93.56

93.54

93.54

93.52

93.50

93.50

93.50

93.50

93.55

93.54

93.54

93.54

Dec.

93.56

93.56

93.56

93.61

93.70

93.91

94.22

95.10

94.96

94.91

94.80

94.67

94.57

94.53

94.46

94.36

94.27

94.14

94.06

93.96

93.90

94.30

95.55

96.88

97.24

97.06

97.02

96.85

96.81

96.98

COLDWATEB BIVEB AT SAVAGE, MISS.

This station is located at the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad 

bridge at Savage, about 5 miles below the place where the river 

leaves the hills and enters the delta. It was established July 1, 1908, 

for the purpose of determining the amount of water entering the delta 

from the foothills and is maintained in cooperation with the Tallahatchie drainage commission.
78 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Although there are large overflow areas along the banks of the 

river, the flow is practically confined by the railroad embankments 

to the channel under the bridge and can be conveniently measured 

at all stages.

The gage, which consists of two vertical sections just below the 

bridge, is set on sea-level datum so as to read actual elevations. 

Measurements are made from the downstream side of the bridge.

The following discharge measurement was made by engineers of 

the Tallahatchie drainage commission:

February 25: Width, 280 feet; area of section, 3,600 square feet; gage height, 184.34 

feet; discharge, 6,400 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Coldwater River at Savage, Miss., for 1910. 

[David J. Hill, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...... ........

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

174.7

170.3

169.2

169.0

168.8

176.4

179.8

181.3

182.9

184.2

184.4

184.4

183.7

183.3

183.0

182.3

181.5

181.2

181.2

180.8

181.2

181.4

181.8

182.3

182.4

182.2

181.5

180.0

177.9 

174.9 

172.7

Feb.

171.1

169.9

169.0

168.5

168.2

168.2

168.0

1C7.9

107.8

167.5

1C7.5

167.5

167.9

167.7

167.9

168.0

169.1

172.4

173.0

174.2

178.6

180.8

182.0

183.6

184.3

184.3

184.2

184.5

Mar.

184.7

184.8

184.8

184.7

184.3

183.8

183.0

182.2

180.6

178.6

176.5

174.1

172.0

171.3

170.0

169.0

168.5

168.1

167.0

167.8

167.8

107. 5

167.5

167.6

167.5

167.4

167.3

167.2

167.0 

167.0 

166.9

Apr.

167.0

167.2

168.6

169.9

171.5

173.7

173.8

173.3

172.0

169.7

169.5

168.8

168.5

168.0

174.9

182.0

186.1

187.0

186.7

186.0

185.8

184.7

184.0

182.5

182.0

180.5

178.4

176.3

173.8 

 175.0

May.

170.0

169.5

168.7

169.5

167.7

167.4

167.3

167.3

167.0

167.0

166.9

166.8

166.8

166.8

166.6

166.6

166.8

167.4

167.5

168.0

170.3

173.3

175.0

176.4

177.8

179.4

180.0

180.4

180.7 

180.6 

180.0

June.

178.0

174.3

171.4

169.3

168.3

169.3

171.3

171.5

170.0

171.3

176.7

177.5

179.9

181.0

181.7

182.0

181.7

180.9

179.2

181.0

180.6

179.8

178.8

174.1

173.4

172.5

172.2

171.0

169.8 

169.7

July.

171.9

174.5

176.4

177.3

178.4

180.3

181.0

182.0

182.6

183.9

182.8

182.4

182.0

181.8

181.6

181.4

181.1

181.0

180.7

179.9

178.9

177.6

174.8

174.0

170.2

172.5

178.3

183.2

183.6 

183.2 

182.0

Aug.

180.8

169.3

174.2

171.4

171.0

171.0

168.9

168.4

168.0

168.0

168.0

169.4

168.9

169.8

169.0

168.3

167.2

166.9

166.7

166.5

167.1

167.3

168.5

167.9

167.0

169.0

170.9

169.4

168.6 

167.5 

166. 8

Sept.

166.6

168.7

168.7

170.0

171.4

172.3

170.8

168.8

167.3

166.7

167.3

167.0

164.6

162.3

16L1

16L1

161.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0 

166.0

Oct.

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.0

166.4

169.7

170.3

170.0

169.8

168.2

168.5

166.9

169.0

170.0

171.8

173.3

172.3

170.0

169.7

167.0

166.8

166.7

166.5

166.3

166.3

166.4

166.2

166.2 

166.1 

166.1

Nov.

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.1

166.4

166.5 

166.5

Dec.

169.2

169.1

168.3

168.0

167.0

166.5

166.7

166.7

167.0

167.0

166.8

166.7

166.6

166.6

166.6

166.6

166.6

166.6

166.6

166.5

166.5

166.5

166.5

166.6

166.6

166.6

166.5

167.8

167.8 

170.5 

172.0
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 79 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Coldwater River at Savage, Miss., for 1910.

Day.

1...............

2. ..............

3...............

4...............

5.... ...........

6...............

7...............

8...............

9. ..............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16. ..............

17...............

18. ..............

19. ..............

20. ..............

21...............

22

23. ..............

24. ..............

25...............

26. ..............

27...............

28. ..............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

1,240

515

400

380

QC4.

1 680

2^910

3,680

5,270

7,730

8,110

8,110

6,780

6,020

5,450

1 110

3' 800

3,620

3,620

3,390

3,620

3,740

4,020

1 110

4*550

4 OCA

3,800

3,000

2,140

1,290

837

Feb.

607

471

380

340

Qlft

316

300

293

286

265

265

265

9Q3

279

293

QrtA

390

787

1,000

1,130

9 Afifl

3,390

4,180

6,590

7,920

7 Q9/1

7,730

8,300

Mar.

8,080

8,870

8,870

8,680

7,920

6,970

5,450

4,350

3.290

2,400

1,700

1,110

725

631

482

380

340

308

293

286

286

265

265

272

265

258

251

244

230

230

224

Apr.

230

244

34S

471

057

1,020

1,040

045

725

450

430

364

OA(\

348

1,290

4,180

11,300

13,000

19 inn

11,200

10,800

8,680

7,350

4,660

4,180

3 240

2,320

1,650

1 040

1,310

May.

482

430

356

430

97Q

258

251

oc.1

230

230

224

218

91 c

218

206

206

218

258

265

QAA

515

945

1,310

1,680

2,110

2 7qn

3,000

3,190

3,340

3,290

3,000

June.

2,180

1 1 vi

644

410

324

410

631

657

482

631

1,760

2,010

2 dfin

3

CflA

3 Qj.fl

4,180

3

QJA

3,440

2 640

3,500

3

OQA

9 oin

2,480

1,110

Qftd.

803

755

595

460

4Sft

July.

711

1 1 on

1,680

1,940

2,320

3,140

3,500

4,180

4 snn

7,160

5,100

4,550

4,180

4,020

3,880

3 74A

3,560

3,500

3

q,iA

9 Qfin

2,520

2,040

1,260

1,080

504

803

2,280

5,830

6,590

5,830

4,180

Aug.

3,390

410

1,130

644

595

595

372

QOO

300

300

300

420 079

460

440

V)JL

«Md

224

919

200

OQ7

251

340

OQQ

230

QCft

583

420

348

'218 265

Sept.

206

356

356

482

644

771

571

364

251

212

251

230

104

36

21

21

20

170

170

170

170

170

170

170

170

170

170

170

170

170

Oct.

170

170

170

170

170

194

450

515

482

460

316

340

224

380

482

RO7

Q4fi

771

489

450

230

218

212

200

188

188

194

182

182

176

176

Nov.

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176

176 176

176

176

176

176

194

200

200

Dec.

400

3on

324

300

230

200

212

212

230

230

218

212

206

206

206

206

206

206

206

200

200

200

200

206

206

206

200

286

286

548

725

NOTE. These discharges were obtained from a rating curve which is fairly well defined between 380 and 

5,450 second-feet. Below 380 second-feet the curve is an approximate extension.

Monthly discharge of Coldwater River at Savage, Miss., for 1910.

Month.

March..... . ....................................................

April...........................................................

May............................................................

July............................................................

September .....................................................

November........................................ . .

The year. ................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

8,110 

8,300 

8,870 

13,000 

3,340 

4,180 

7,160 

3,390 

771 

945 

200 

725

13,000

Minftuim.

364 

265 

224 

230 

206 

324 

504 

200 

20 

170 

176 

200

20

Mean.

3,650 

2,040 

2,400 

3,540 

988 

1,770 

3,300 

478 

237 

328 

178 

260

1,600

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

YALOBTTSHA BIVEB AT GRENADA, MISS.

This station, which was established June 14, 1906, for the purpose 

of obtaining general run-off data, is located in the western part of 

Grenada at the county highway bridge, about one-half mile from the 

depot and the same distance below the crossing of the Illinois Central 

Railroad. It is below the mouth of Bataupan Bogue, which comes
80 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

in a short distance above the railroad bridge. The gage chain was 

stolen a second time on November 2, 1906, and the station was 

temporarily abandoned. On July 7, 1908, the station was again 

established in connection with the Tallahatchie drainage commission, using the same gage datum as formerly. The gage is located 

on the bridge.

The left bank is not liable to overflow. The ground on the right 

bank is low for a long distance, but is crossed by the public highway 

embankment, which is above high water except at a few bridged 

openings.

Conditions are favorable for accurate discharge measurements, 

which are made from the bridge. It is probable that the station 

rating will be somewhat affected by backwater from Yazoo River 

and also by shifting of the stream bed.

The following measurement was made by engineers of the Tallahatchie drainage commission:

February 28: Width, 160 feet; area of section, 2,420 square feet; gage height, 19.52 

feet; discharge, 7,320 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Yalobusha River at Grenada, Miss., for 1910. 

[W. L. Hamby, observer.]

Day.

1..........

2..........

3..........

4..........

5..........

6..........

7..........

8..........

9..........

10..........

11..........

12..........

13..........

14..........

15..........

16..........

17..........

18..........

19..........

20..........

21..........

22..........

23..........

24..........

25..........

26..........

27..........

28..........

29..........

30..........

31 ..........

Jan.

3.0

4.1

6.4

9.4

11.0

13.4

13.6

12.1

Mar.

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.0

2.8

2.65

2.55

2.45

2.35

2.3

2.2

2.15

2.1

2.1

2.05

2.05

1.95

1.9

Apr.

1.9

1 9

1.9

1.9

9 fifi

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.05

2.0

2.0

1 95

2 A

1.95

4.0

9 1

11.1

10.1

9 A

7.4

6 4

5.0

4.1

3.4

3 A

2

fi

2 OR

2

(\K

1.95

1.85

May.

1.75

1.7

1.7

1 9

1.75

1.7

1.65

1.65

1.6

1.6

1.55

1.5

1 45

1.4

1.4

1.5

1 9

1 9

2 95

6 9

11 9

12.8

19 fi

15.1

14.4

11.6

9 7

8.3

7.1

6.0

June.

5.0

3.8

9 1

2.2

3 1

2.4

2.0

9 rt

2.0

7.3

19 1

11.1

o 8

8.3

7.0

5

0

4.5

3

0

3.5

10.0

10 0

8.3

5.8

5

0

6.0

7.5

5.4

6.3

7.4

7 R

July.

7.9

7.8

13.0

13.3

10 A

21.0

23.4

24.5

25.7

25.1

OQ fi

99 7

22.0

21.0

19.5

17.7

17.0

16.3

13.3

7 R

5.4

4.2

5.0

9 8

8.9

7.1

5.4

4.6

3.9

3.4

Aug.

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.7

2.45

2.25

6.0

6.0

5.2

4.2

4.0

3.8

3.4

3.1

2.9

2.65

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.2

7.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

A 4.

3.2

2.9

2.3

2.05

1.9

1.8

Sept.

1.75

1.7

1.65

1.65

1.8

2.1

2.05

2.0

1.95

1.9

1.85

1.8

1.75

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.35

1.3

1.2

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.3

1.5

1.5

Oct.

1.45

1.4

1.35

1.3

1.3

7.5

8.5

4.8

3.7

3.0

2.5

9 1

6.0

5.8

4.2

3.1

2.9

2.6

2.3

2.3

2.8

2.2

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Nov.

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.6

1.65

1.6

1.55

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.45

1.45

1 45

1.45

1 45

1.45

1.45

1.45

1 45

1.45

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Dec.

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.8

2.0

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.35

2.25

2.1

2.05

2.0

1 Qfi

1.85

1.75

1.7

1.65

5.1

7.8

7.7

7.5

7.0

6.5

5.9

5.1

4.4

4.4

7.1
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 81 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Yalobusha River at Grenada, Miss., for 1910.

Day.

1.. ........

2. .........

3..........

4..........

5..........

6..........

7..........

8..........

9..........

10..........

11..........

12..........

13..........

14..........

15..........

16..........

17..........

18..........

19..........

20..........

21..........

22..........

23..........

24..........

25..........

20..........

27..........

28..........

29..........

30..........

31..........

Jan.

465

780

1,630

3,i20

4 000

5,320

5,430 

4,600

Mar.

570

570

540

465

415

378

352

328

315

302

290

265

252

240

228

190

Apr.

190

190

190

1QA

228

290

290

Oftc

228

215

215

202

215

202

750

2,960

4,060

3,500

2,900

2,060

1,630

1,100

780

570

465

365

228

202

May.

160

150

150 ion

160

150

140

IdO

130

130

120

110

102

95

95

95

110

190

190

452

1,840

4,500

4,990

4,990

6,260

5,870

4,330

3,280

2,520

1,920

1,470

June.

1,100

690

340

265

490

315

215 

215

215

2,020

4,600

4,060

3,340

2,520

1,880

1,390

920

690

600

3,450

4,720

2,520

1,390

i 9fln

1,470

2,100

1,590

 > nfin

J^y.

9 3fift

2,250

5,iOO

5,260

5,320

10,900

14,iOO 

15,800

17,600

16,700

15,400

14,400

13,100

12,100

in win

9,260

7,790

7 340

6,920

5,260

2,250

1,240

815

1,100

3

Qxn

2,840

1,920

1,240

955

570

Aug.

.IKS

440

415

QQA

328

278

1,470 

1,470

1,160

815

750

690

570

490

44ft

378

315

265

265

1,880

l,iOO

1,100

1,100

885

515

44ft

290

228

190

170

Sept.

160

150

140

140

170

240

228

202

190

180

170

160

150

130

110

95

88

80

72

65

60

60

60

60

60

60

80

110

110

Oct.

102

95

88

80

80

2,100

2,620 

1,020

660

465

340

240

1,470

1,390

815

490

440

365

290

290

415

265

170

150

130

110

110

110

110

110

110

Nov.

110

110

110

130

140

130

120 

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

102

102

102

102

102

102

102

102

 102

102

110

110

110

110

110

Dec.

110

110

110

110

110

170

215 

315

340

340

302

278

240

228

215

202

180

160

150

140

1,130

2,250

2,200

2,100

1,880

1,670

1,430

1,130

885

885

1,920

NOTE. These discharges were obtained from a rating curve which is fairly well defined. 

Monthly discharge of Yalobusha River at Grenada, Miss., for 1910.

Month.

Jan. 1-8. .......................................................

Mar. 13-3 1 .....................................................

April ..........................................................

June. ..........................................................

July...........................................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

5,430 

570 

4,060 

6,260 

4,720 

17,600 

1,880 

240 

2,620 

140 

2,250

Minimum.

465 

190 

180 

95 

215 

570 

170 

60 

80 

102 

110

Mean.

3,170 

335 

839 

1,450 

1,660 

6,930 

632 

126 

491 

110 

694

Accuracy.

A. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

B. 

C. 

B.

SUNFLOWER RIVER NEAR RTJLEVILLE, MISS.

This station, which was established June 15, 1908, and is maintained in cooperation with the Tallahatchie drainage commission, is 

located at the new iron wagon bridge 3 miles southwest of Ruleville, 

Miss. The gage was not installed until early in October, 1908, and 

readings were then intermittent until the end of 1908.

The drainage area above the station is very flat and is cut by a 

number of small tributaries and bayous. The river at the station 

8825° WSP 287 11 6
82 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

and below has a very small amount of slope, making the current too 

sluggish, for measurements at times. The amount of slope and consequently of velocity varies greatly with the stage of Mississippi 

River, making it impossible to rate the station in the usual way by 

basing daily discharges upon the daily gage heights.

As the gage, which consists of two vertical sections below the bridge, 

is set to sea-level datum, the gage readings are actual elevations above 

the sea. Measurements are made from the downstream side of the 

bridge.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Sunflower River near Ruleville, Miss., for 1910. 

[W. E. McMathe, observer.]

Day.

1... ......

2.........

3.........

4.........

5.........

6.........

7.........

8.........

9.........

10.........

11.........

12.........

13.........

14.........

15.........

16.........

17.........

18.........

19.........

20.........

21.........

22.........

23.........

24.........

25.........

26.........

27.........

28.........

29......... 

30.........

31.........

Jan.

100.50

100.15

99.65

99.35

100.00

104.00

108.10

109.75

109.38

108. 10

106.70

105.85

104.70

103.30

102.80

102.05

101. 35

100.60

100.60

101. 50

103.35

104. 15

104.30

104.30

104.30

103 90

102. 75

101.90

101. 30 

100.45

QQ 7O

Feb.

99.70

99.60

99.62

99.52

99.42

99.32

99.22

99.12

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.05

98.25

98.38

98.42

98.52

98.60

98.60

98.80

99.60

100.65

102.00

103.90

104.85

104.85

104.65

104.40

104.40

Mar.

104.45

104.68

104. 75

104. 55

104.35

104.10

103.60

103.25

102. 45

101.60

100.60

100.25

100. 05

99.48

99.82

99.72

99.62

99.52

99.45

99.38

99.28

99.18

99.05

98.92

98.82

98.72

98.62

98.60

98.60 

98.60

98 60

Apr.

98.60

98.60

98.60

98.60

99.15

100.35

100.75

100.80

100.65

100.55

100.50

100.50

100.50

100.50

102.65

106.00

107.90

107. 95

107. 25

106.20

104.80

103. 85

103.05

102.25

101. 10

100.25

100.05

99.85

99.72 

99.62

May.

99.52

99.42

99.32

99.22

99.12

98.95

98.78

98.62

98.52

98.42

98.32

98.22

98.12

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.1.0

98.22

98.35

98.48

98.90

99.50

99.90

100. 35

100.80

100.60

100.35 

100.10

QO 7^

June.

99.62

99.48

99.25

99.48

98.88

98.78

98.68

98.58

98.48

98.38

98.28

98.32

98.42

98.52

98.65

98.78

98.95

99.00

99.10

99.35

99.40

99.32

99 22

99.12

99.10

99.35

99 55

99.75

99.42 

99.75

July.

100.00

100.50

102. 50

104.35

105 55

106.50

107. 85

109.60

109.90

109.50

109.10

108.15

107.20

106. 30

106.00

106.00

105.60

104. 75

103. 75

102. 85

102. 10

101. 45

100.90

100.72

100.58

100.42

100 32

100.22

99.95 

99.58

99.48

Aug.

99.38

99.28

99.18

98.95

98 78

98.58

98.48

98.38

98.28

98.18

98.05

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00 

98.00

98.00

Sept.

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

98.00

97.95

97. 75

97.55

97.50

97.50

97.38

97.28

97.18

97.05

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00 

97.00

Oct.

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00 

97.00

97.00

Nov.

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00 

97.00

Dec.

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97.00

97. Ot)

97.00

97.00

97.00 

97.00

97.00

SUNFLOWER RIVER AT BAIRD, MISS.

This station, which is located at the Southern Railway bridge, 

one-half mile west of Baird, Miss., was established June 16, 1908, but 

the gage was not put in until October 4, 1908. It is maintained in 

cooperation with the Tallahatchie drainage commission.

Owing to the great variation in height of the outlet of Sunflower 

River into the Mississippi through the lower portion of Yazoo River 

and consequently in the slope of Sunflower River, there is no relation 

whatever between gage heights and discharge at this station,
LOWER MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 83

As the gage, which consists of two vertical sections above the bridge, 

is set on a sea-level datum, the readings are elevations above sea level. 

Measurements are from the downstream side of the bridge.

The United States Army engineers have maintained a gage at this 

station for a portion of the time, and the gage heights prior to October 4, 1908, are from their records corrected to the sea-level datum of 

the new gage.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Sunflower River at Baird, Miss., for 1910. 

[H. V. Finch, observer.]

Day.

1........ .......

2...............

3...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

g

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14. ..............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19. ..............

20...............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28............... 

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

86.5

86.1

85.5

85.4

85.3

87.8

89.6

92.0

93.3

93.8

94.0

93.7

93.4

93.0

92.3

91.5

90.8

90.1

89.5

89.0

91.5

92.8

93.7

94.0

94.0

93.7

93.3

92.7 

92.0

91.3

90.6

Feb.

90.0

89.3

88.6

88.2

88.0

87.6

87.3

87.1

87 0

86.7

86.5

86.3

85.6

85.3

85.2

85.0

86.9

89.6

90.8

91.1

92.0

93.0

94.0

94.5

94.9

04 ft

94.6

94.6

Mar.

94.1

93.9

93.7

93.4

93.0

92.4

91.8

91.1

90 5

89.9

89.4

89.0

88.6

88.3

88.0

88.0

87.9

87.9

87.8

87.8

87.8

87.9

88.0

88.1

88.1

88.1

88.1

88.1 

87.9

87.7

87.3

Apr.

86.8

86.3

85.7

85.2

84.8

84.5

84.3

84.3

84.4

84.5

84.5

84.5

84.4

84.3

84.4

86.8

90.4

92.5

93.4

93.5

QS 1

93.1

92.7

92.1

91.5

on 7

89.9

89.0 

88.0

87.5

May.

86.9

86.5

85.9

85.6

85.0

84.8

84.6

84.5

84.4

84.1

84.1

84.0

84.0

83.7

83.6

83.5

83.4

83.4

83.4

83.5

84 0

84.7

84.8

85.1

85.5

86.1

86.7

86.9 

86.8

86.8

86.4

June.

86.0

85.7

85.3

85.0

84.9

84.9

84.6

84.4

84.2

84.2

84.1

85.0

85.1

85.3

85.b

85.3

85.1

84.8

84.5

84.4

84.3

84.2

84.1

84.0

84.3

84 4

84.2

84.4 

84.4

84.4

July.

84.8

85.5

86.5

87.4

89.8

91.4

92.6

93.7

94.5

94.9

94.9

94.8

94.7

94.3

93.9

93.4

9^.8

92.1

91.4

90.7

89.9

89.3

88.6

88.0

87.5

86.9

86.5

86.2 

85.9

85.6

85.3

Aiig.

86.0

85.8

85.7

85.6

85.4

85.4

85.3

85.2

85.0

85.0

84.8

84.6

84.5

84.3

84.1

84.0

83.9

83.8

83.6

83.6

83.5

83.4

S?.3

83.4

83.5

83.6

83.6

83.5 

83.5

83.4

83.3

Sept.

83.3

83.2

83.2

83.1

83.1

83.1

83.2

83.1

83.0

83.0

82.9

82.9

82.9

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7 

82.7

82.7

Oct.

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.8

82.8

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.7 

82.7

82.6

82.6

Nov.

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

32.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6 

82.6

82.6

Dec.

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.7

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.6

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8

82.8 

82.8

83.0

83.0

RED RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 

DESCBIPTION.

Red River is formed by several forks, all of which have their 

sources in northern Texas, and takes a general easterly direction along 

the northern boundary of Texas, and then turns toward the southeast, flows through a low swampy region in Louisiana, and enters 

the Mississippi not far from the southern boundary of the State of 

Mississippi.

North Fork and Salt Fork rise in the Panhandle of Texas and flow 

in a general southeasterly direction across the southwest corner 

of Oklahoma, uniting with Prairie Dog Fork a short distance above
84 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1910, PART VII.

Vernon, Tex. Elm Fork, rising in the same locality, joins North 

Fork 50 or 75 miles above its mouth. The flow ceases entirely in 

the late summer and fall in ordinary dry years, and most of the runoff from the basin is flood water from heavy rains. The drainage area 

consists of dry, semiarid plains varied by sandhills in some portions. 

The underlying rocks are sandstone, limestone, and gypsum in the 

upper portion, and granite where the streams pass through the 

Wichita Mountains.

Wichita River rises in Dickens County, flows northeastward, and 

joins the Red in Clay County.

Washita River rises in northern Texas, crosses southern Oklahoma 

and flows into Red River in the southern part of that State, about 10 

miles from Denison, Tex.

Sulphur Fork of Red River rises in Hunt and Fanning counties, 

Tex., flows eastward, fomiing the boundary between Delta, Red 

River, and Bowie counties on the north, and Hopkins, Franklin, 

Titus, Morris, and Cass counties on the south, and joins Red River 

about 7 miles north of the Louisiana boundary line. The flow of this 

fork is exceedingly variable; during dry summers it ceases entirely, 

but enough water always remains standing in pools to water stock; 

during or immediately after protracted or unusually heavy rains the 

river becomes very wide and deep, floods its bottoms, and often 

occasions considerable loss of stock and damage to planters and to the 

railroads.

WICHITA RIVER AT WICHITA FALLS, TEX.

This station, which is located at the Fort Worth & Denver City 

Railway bridge at Wichita Falls, Tex., was established in September, 

1910, and gage-height observations were begun on October 1, 1910. 

A standard chain gage was installed on this bridge by R. A. Thompson, chief engineer of the Wichita Falls & Northwestern Railway. 

Wichita River at this point has a sandy bottom, which shifts from 

time to time.

Discharge measurements of Wichita River at Wichita Falls, Tex., in 1910.

Date.

Oct. 21

22

24

Nov. 24

Hydrographer.

J. D. Metcalfe ............................................................

.....do...................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.00

4.00

2.40

1 40

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1.770

809

195

15
LOWEB MISSISSIPPI BASIN. 85 

Daily gage heigU, in feet, of Wichita River at Wichita Falls, Tex.,for 1910.

Day.

1. ...........

9

3............

4............

6............ 

7. ...........

8............

9............

10............

Oct.

1.1

1.1

1.0

1.0 

1.0

1.0 

1.0

1.0

1.0 1.1

Nov.

1.4

1.4

1 3

1.3 

1.3

1.3 

1 3

1.3

1.3 

1.2

Dec.

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2 

1.2

1.1 

1.1

1.1

1.1 

1.1

Day.

11...........

12...........

13...........

11........... 

15...........

16........... 

17...........

18...........

19........... 

20...........

Oct.

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1 

1.1

1.1 

1 3

1.2

1.2 

1.6

Nov.

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2 

1.2

1.4 

1.4

2.2

2.0 

1.8

Dec.

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.3 

1.3

1.3 

1.3

1.4

1.5 

1.6

Day.

21...........

22...........

23...........

24...........

<>K

26........... 

27 ..... ......

28...........

29........... 

30...........

31... .......

Oct.

5.0

4.1

3.4

2.5

9 9

2.0 

1.8

1.6

1.5 

1.4

1.4

Nov.

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4 

1.3

1.3 

1.3

1.2

1.2 

1.2

Dec.

1.6

l.ti

1.5

1.5 

1.5

1.4 

1.4

1.4

1.3 

1.3

1 2

MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS IN LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

The following miscellaneous discharge measurements were made in 

the lower Mississippi River drainage basin during 1910:

Miscellaneous measurements in lower Mississippi River basin in 1910.

Date.

Oct. 26

Jan. 23

Oct. 26

26

May 5

July 19

Sept. 23

Feb. 26

30

July 23

Aug. 11

17

Sept. 17

Oct. 4

28

Nov. 24

May 31

31

Apr. 12

Sept. 10

Oct. 31

Apr. 2

Mar. 3

Apr. 22

Dec. 17

Oct. 5

Oct. 22

Dec. 20

Stream.

River.

.....do...................

.....do...................

kansas River.

River.

.....do...................

Creek.

.....do. ..................

.....do...................

.....do...................

.....do.......... .........

.....do...................

.....do...................

.....do...................

.....do...................

.....do...................

.....do...................

.....do...................

.....do...................

.....do....................

East Fourmile Creek. . . .

Tributary to 

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Fourmile Creek. ........

.....do..................

Ute Creek. ..............

Locality.

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

with South Fork near 

Buena Vista, Colo.

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do. .................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Ditch, Colo.

Colo.

.....do..................

.....do..................

Fourmile Creek, Colo.

Maxwell City, N. Mex...

Abreu's ranch near 

Cimarron, N. Mex.

Albert, N. Mex.........

Gage 

height.

Feet.

1.45

1.30

1.80

1.10

1.38

1.32

cl.72

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

10.6

286

635

550

6.6

9.0

116

69

236

22.6

38

46

124

22

23

20

28

25

25

15

15

16.5

21

28

51

10.9

«7

148

62.5

2.4

a 1.0

6.25

a Estimated.

6 Estimated. Ice conditions.

c Distance of water surface from reference mark, which is lower end of outside, downward projecting 

point of rock near the upstream end of a vertical rock bank, about 200 yards below the forks of the river.

INDEX.

A.

Accuracy of discharge measurements, degree 

of.........................

Acknowledgments to those aiding. ....

Acre-foot, definition of ................

Albert, N. Mex.,

Carrizo Creek near:

discharge. ....................

Appropriations, amount of ............

Arena, Colo.,

Big Spring Creek near:

description.. . .................

discharge. ....................

gage heights... . ...............

Arkansas River basin, description of .. 

Arkansas River at or near 

Boone, Colo.:

discharge......................

Canon City, Colo.:

description. ...................

discharge. ...;................

discharge, daily. ..............

discharge, monthly ...........

gage heights... . ...............

Granite, Colo.:

description. ...................

discharge... . ..................

discharge, daily. ..............

discharge, monthly ...........

gage heights. ..................

Holly, Colo.:

description.. . .................

discharge. ....................

discharge, daily. ..............

discharge, monthly. . ..........

gage heights... . ...............

La Tunta, Colo. :

discharge. ....................

Nepesta, Colo. :

description. ...................

discharge. . ....................

gage heights. ..................

Pueblo, Colo.:

description.. . .................

discharge. ....................

discharge, daily. .....".........

discharge, monthly ...........

gage heights. ..................

Salida, Colo.:

description.. . .................

discharge. .....................

discharge, daily. ..............

discharge, monthly...... ......

gage heights. . .................

Authority for investigations. ..........

Page.

13-15 

16 

10

53-54 

54 

54

28-31

85

35-36

36

37

37

36

31

31

32

33

32

41

41

42

43

42

40

40

40-41

37-38

38

39

40

39

33

33

34

35

34

5

B.

Page. 

Baird, Miss.,

Sunflower River at: 

description.......................... 81-82

gage heights......................... 82

Batesville, Miss.,

Tallahatchie River at:

description.......................... 73

discharge............................ 73

discharge, daily..................... 74

discharge, monthly.................. 74

gage heights......................... 73

Beaver, Ark.,

White River at:

description.......................... 21

discharge........................... 21

gage heights......................... 22

Big Sandy Creek at 

Hugo, Colo.:

description.......................... 51-52

discharge............................ 52

gage heights......................... 52

Kit Carson, Colo.:

description.......................... 53

discharge........................... 53

gage heights......................... 53

Big Spring Creek nearArena, Colo.:

description.......................... 53-54

discharge........................... 54

gage heights......................... 54

Boone, Colo.,

Arkansas River near:

discharge............................ 85

Branson, Mo.,

White River near:

description.......................... 22

gage heights......................... 23

Buena Vista, Colo., 

Chalk Creek near:

description.......................... 47

discharge........................... 47

gage heights......................... 47

Cotton wood Creek near:

description.......................... 46

discharge............................ 46

gage heights......................... 46

Middle Cottonwood Creek near:

discharge........................... 85

Buffalo River nearGilbert, Ark.:

description.......................... 25-26

discharge........................... 26

gage heights......................... 26
INDEX.

C.

Page.

Canadian River basin, description of...... 55

Canadian River at 

Logan, N. Mex.:

description........................

discharge.........................

discharge, daily...................

discharge, monthly................

gage heights......................

Maxwell City, N. Mex.:

discharge..........................

Canon City, Colo., 

Arkansas River at:

description.......................... 35-36

discharge. .......................... 36

discharge, daily..................... 37

discharge, monthly.................. 37

gage heights......................... 36

Fourmile Creek near:

See Oil Creek under this head. 

Grape Creek near:

discharge............................ 85

Oil Creek near:

description.......................... 47-48

discharge............................ 48,85

gage heights......................... 48

Carrizo Creek near 

Albert, N. Mex.:

discharge............................ 85

Central Land & Irrigation Co., assistance of.. 16

Chalk Creek near 

Buena Vista, Colo.:

description................'.......... 47

discharge............................ 47

gage heights......................... 47

Chico Rico Creek near 

Raton, N. Mex.:

description.......................... 58

discharge............................ 58

gage heights......................... 58

Christiansen, E.G., work of................. 16

Cimarron, N. Mex., 

Rayado River near:

description.......................... 61-62

discharge............................ 62

discharge, daily..................... 63

discharge, monthly.................. 63

gage heights......................... 62-63

Cimarron River at 

Ute Park, N. Mex.:

description.......................... 59-60

discharge............................ 60

discharge, daily..................... 61

discharge, monthly.................. 60

gage heights......................... 61

Clear Creek near 

Granite, Colo.:

description.......................... 44

discharge............................ 44,85

discharge, daily..................... 45

discharge, monthly.................. 46

gage heights......................... 45

Coldwater River at 

Savage, Miss.:

description.......................... 77-78

discharge............................ 78

Coldwater River at Continued. 

Savage, Miss. Continued.

discharge, daily..................... 79

discharge, monthly.................. 79

gage heights................ ....... 78

Colorado Springs, Colo.,

North Cheyenne Creek near:

discharge............................ 85

Comstock, C. W., assistance of............... 16

Cooperation, credit for....................... 16

Cooperative data, use of..................... 15-16

Cotter, Ark.,

White River near:

description.......................... 24

gage heights......................... 25

Cottonwood Creek near 

Buena Vista, Colo.:

description.......................... 46

discharge............................ 46

Current meters, views of..................... 12

Current-meter stations, views of............. 12

D. 

Data, explanation of......................... 12-13

field methods used in collection of....... 14

Data on stream flow in publications of United 

States Geological Survey, character of............................ 6-10

Definition of terms.......................... 10

Discharge, definition of...................... 10

Discharge measurements, accuracy of........ 13-15

nature of................................ 12-13

Drainage basins, list of...................... 17-19

E.

East Fork of Arkansas River near 

Leadville, Colo.:

discharge............................ 85

East Fourmile Creek, discharge of........... 85

Equivalents, list of.......................... 10-11

F.

Fourmile Creek near 

Canon City, Colo.:

description.......................... 47-48

discharge............................ 48

Freeman, W. B., work of.................... 16,17

G.

85

Gage heights, readings of..................

Gaging stations, views of..................

Garden Park, Colo.,

Fourmile or Oil Creek near:

discharge..........................

Gilbert, Ark.,

Buffalo River near:

description.......................... 25-26

discharge............................ 26

gage heights......................... 26

Gladson, W. N., work of.................... 17

Granite, Colo.,

Arkansas River at:

description.......................... 31

discharge............................ 31

discharge, daily..................... 32

discharge, monthly.................. 33
INDEX. 89

Granite, Colo. Continued.

Clear Creek near: Page, 

description.....'..................... 44

discharge............................ 44

discharge, daily..................... 45

discharge, monthly.................. 46

gage heights......................... 45

Grape Creek near 

Canon City, Colo.:

discharge............................ 85

Greenwood, Miss., 

Yazoo River at:

description.......................... 76-77

gage heights......................... 77

Grenada, Miss.,

Yalobusha River at:

description.......................... 79-80

discharge............................ 80

discharge, daily..................... 81

discharge, monthly.................. 81

gage heights......................... 80

Grieve, Thomas, work of.................... 16

H.

Hall, M. R., work of..................... 17

Henderson, Ark.,

North Fork River near:

description.......................... 26-27

discharge............................ 27

gage heights......................... 27

Holly, Colo.,

Arkansas River at:

description.......................... 41

discharge............................ 41

discharge, daily..................... 42

discharge, monthly.................. 43

gage heights......................... 42

Hugo, Colo.,

Big Sandy Creek at:

description.......................... 51-52

discharge............................ 52

gage heights......................... 52

I. 

Investigations, authority for................ 5

scope of................................. 5-6

L.

La Cueva, N. Mex., 

La Cueva canal at:

description.......................

discharge.........................

discharge, daily..................

discharge, monthly...............

gage heights......................

Mora River at:

description.......................

discharge.........................

discharge, daily..................

discharge, monthly...............

gage heights......................

Savoya River at:

discharge........................

La Cueva canal at 

La Cueva, N. Mex.:

description.......................

discharge.........................

La Cueva canal at Continued.

La Cueva, N. Mex. Continued. Page, 

discharge, daily..................... 07

discharge, monthly.................. 67

gage heights......................... 66

La Junta, Colo.,

Arkansas River near:

discharge............................ 85

Lake Fork of Arkansas River near 

Leadville, Colo.:

discharge............................ 85

Lead Hill, Ark.,

White River near:

description.......................... 23

discharge............................ 23

gage heights......................... 24

Leadville, Colo.,

East Fork of Arkansas River near:

discharge............................ 85

Lake Fork of Arkansas River near:

discharge............................ 85

Tennessee Fork of Arkansas River near:

discharge............................ 85

Lime, Colo.,

St. Charles River near:

discharge............................ 85

Little Red River near 

Pangbnrn, Ark.:

description.......................... 27-28

discharge............................. 28

gage heights......................... 28

Logan, N. Mex.,

Canadian River at:

description.......................... 56

discharge............................ 56

discharge, daily..................... 57

discharge, monthly.................. 57

gage heights......................... 58

Ute Creek near:

description.......................... 70

discharge............................ 70

discharge, daily..................... 71

discharge, monthly.................. 72

gage heights......................... 71

Los Alamos, N. Mex.,

Sapello River at:

description.......................... 67-68

discharge............................ 68

discharge, daily..................... 69

discharge, monthly.................. 69

gage heights......................... 68-69

Lyon, G. J., work of........................ 16

M.

Mathers, J. G., work of.................... 17

Maxwell City, N. Mex., 

Canadian River near:

discharge..........................

Middle Cottonwood Creek near 

Buena Vista, Colo.:

discharge............................ 85

Miller, C. D., work of....................... 16

Mills, W. W., work of....................... 16

Miscellaneous measurements in lower Mississippi River basin, records of..... 85

85
90 INDEX.

Mora River at 

La Cueva, N.JM 

description.

discharge, daily.... 

discharge, monthly.

Nepesta, Colo.,

Arkansas River near:

description.......................... 40

discharge............................ 40

gage heights......................... 40-41

North Cheyenne Creek nearColorado Springs, Colo.:

discharge............................ 85

North Fork River near 

Henderson, Ark.:

description.......................... 26-27

discharge............................ 27

gage heights...................^..... 27

O. 

Oil Creek near 

Canon City, Colo.:

description.......................... 47-48

discharge............................ 48

...................... 48

P.

Padgett, H. D., work of................... 17

Pangburn, Ark.,

Little Red River near:

description.......................... 27-28

discharge............................ 28

gage heights......................... 28

Phelan, J. J., work of........................ 17

Philipp, Miss.,

Tallahatchie River at:

description.......................... 74-75

discharge............................ 75

discharge, daily...................... 76

discharge, monthly.................. 76

gage heights......................... 75

Price meters, views of....................... 12

Publications, lists of......................... 7-9

Publications, data on stream flow in......... 6-10

Pueblo, Colo.,

Arkansas River at:

description.......................... 37-38

discharge............................ 38

discharge, daily...................... 39

discharge, monthly.................. 40

gage heights......................... 39

Purdue, A. H., assistance of................. 16

Purgatory River basin, description of........ 48-49

Purgatory River at 

Trinidad, Colo.:

description.......................... 49

discharge............................ 50

discharge, daily...................... 51

discharge, monthly.................. 51

gage heights......................... 50

R.

R ating curves and tables, accuracy of........ 14

construction of.......................... 12-13

Raton, N. Mex.,

Chico Rico Creek near: Page, 

description.......................... 58

discharge............................ 58

gage heights......................... 58

Una del Gato Creek near:

description.......................... 58-59

discharge............................ 59

gage heights......................... 59

Rayado River near 

Cimarron, N. Mex.:

description.......................... 61-62

discharge............................ 62,85

discharge, daily...................... 63

discharge, monthly.................. 63

gage heights......................... 62-63

Red River basin, description of.............. 83-84

Red River. See Canadian River.

Ruleville, Miss.,

Sunflower River near:

description.......................... 82-83

gage heights......................... 83

Run-off, definition of........................ 10

Russell, G. H., workof...................... 16

S.

St. Charles River nearLime, Colo.:

discharge............................ 85

Salida, Colo.,

Arkansas River at:

description.......................... 33

discharge............................ 33

discharge, daily...................... 34

discharge, monthly.................. 35

gage heights......................... 34

Sapello River at 

Los Alamos, N. Mex.:

description.......................... 67-68

discharge............................ 68

discharge, daily...................... 69

discharge, monthly.................. 69

gage heights......................... 68-69

Savage, Miss.,

Coldwater River at:

description.......................... 77-78

discharge............................ 78

discharge, daily...................... 79

discharge, monthly.................. 79

gage heights......................... 78

Savoya River nearLa Cueva, N. Mex.:

discharge............................ 85

Second-foot, definition of.................... 10

Stevens, G. C., work of...................... 17

Stewart, J. B., work of...................... 16,17

Stream measurement, accuracy of........... 13-15

Sullivan, V. L., assistance of................. 16

Sunflower River at or near 

Baird, Miss.:

description.......................... 81-82

gage heights......................... 82

Ruleville, Miss.:

description.......................... 82-83

gage heights......................... 83
INDEX. 91

T. : Tables, explanation of.......................

Tallahatehie drainage commission, assistance 

of................................

TallahatcMe River at 

Batesville, Miss.:

description..........................

discharge............................

discharge, daily......................

discharge, monthly..................

12-13 

16

Philipp, Miss.:

description.........

discharge...........

discharge, daily.....

discharge, monthly.

Tennessee Fork of Arkansas River nearLeadville, Colo.:

discharge.......................

Terms, definitions of...... -. .............

Trjnidad, Colo.,

Purgatory River at:

description.....................

discharge.......................

discharge, daily.................

. discharge, monthly.............

Tuttle, A. H., work of.......

Twin Lakes, Colo., 

Lake Creek near:

discharge............

Twin Lakes outlet near: 

description..........

discharge............

discharge, daily.....

discharge, monthly..

Twin Lakes outlet near 

Twin Lakes, Colo.: 

description.........

discharge...........

discharge, daily.....

discharge, monthly.

73

73

74

74

73

74-75

75

76

76

75

U.

Una del Gato Creek near 

Raton, N. Mex.:

description.......................... 58-59

discharge............................ 59

gage heights......................... 59

Ute Creek near 

Logan, Colo.:

description.......................... 70

discharge............................ 70

discharge, daily..................... 71

Ute Creek near Continued. Page.

Logan Colo. Continued.

discharge, monthly.................. 72

gage heights......................... 71

Ute Park, N. Mex.,

Cimarron River at:

^ description.......................... 59-60

discharge............................ 60

discharge, daily..................... 61

discharge, monthly.................. 60

gage heights......................... 61

W.

Walls Ferry, Ark., 

White River near:

description.......................... 25

White River basin, description of........... 20-21

White River at or nearBeaver, Ark.:

description.......................... 21

discharge ........................... 21

Branson, Mo.:

description..

gage heights. 

Cotter, Ark.:

description..

gage heights. 

Lead Hill, Ark.:

description..

Walls Ferry, Ark.: 

description..... 

Wichita Falls, Tex., 

Wichita River at: 

description..... 

discharge.......

22

23

24

25

23

23

24

25

84

85

Wichita River at 

Wichita Falls, Tex.:

description.......................... 84

discharge............................ 84

gage heights......................... 85

Wood, Mrs. B. D., work of.................. 17

Y.

Yalobusha River at 

Grenada, Miss.:

description.......................... 79-80

discharge............................ 80

discharge, daily..................... 81

discharge, monthly.................. 81

gage heights......................... 80

Yazoo River basin, description of........... 724

Yazoo River airGreenwood, Miss.:

description.......................... 76-77

...................... 77