OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION 

### UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON D.C., 20460

PC Code: 080803 DP Barcode: 427851; 427855; 427863; 427864 April 12, 2016 MEMORANDUM

SUBJECT: Environmental Fate and Effects Divi sion Review of Environmental Effects Studies for Atrazine.

TO: Marianne Mannix, Chemical Review Manager Kelly Sherman, Branch Chief Risk Management and Implementation Branch 3 Pesticide Re-evaluation Division (7508P)

FROM: Frank T. Farruggia, Ph.D., Biologist Colleen M. Rossmeisl, D.V.M., M.S., Biologist Environmental Risk Branch 3 Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

THRU: Dana Spatz, Branch Chief Rosanna Louie-Juzwiak, Risk Assessment Process Leader Environmental Risk Branch 3 Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

Please find the attached data evaluation records (DERs) for the following studies evaluating the ecological effects of atrazine. These studies we re incorporated, as appropriate, into the refined atrazine ecological risk assessment dated April 12, 2016. Digitally signed by FRANK FARRUGGIA DN: c=US, o=U.S. Government, ou=USEPA, ou=Staff, cn=FRANK FARRUGGIA, dnQualifier=0000048865 Date: 2016.04.26 08:57:14 -04'00' Digitally signed by COLLEEN ROSSMEISL DN: c=US, o=U.S. Government, ou=USEPA, ou=Staff, cn=COLLEEN ROSSMEISL, dnQualifier=0000069649 Date: 2016.04.26 10:02:10 -04'00'

### 2 Table 1: Ecotoxicity Studies Reviewed by EPA

.

Guideline MRID Study Title EPA Study Classification Comments

Nonguideline 48261124 McGregor, E. B., K. R. Solomon, and M.L. Hanson. 2008. Effects of planting system design on the toxicological sensitivity of Myriophyllum spicatum and Elodea canadensis to atrazine. Chemosphere. 73(3): 249 -260. Supplemental This study was originally reviewed for its inclusion in the community effects database for atrazine toxicity to aquatic plant communities. However, this study also investigated individual species in several tests with atrazine. The amended review focuses only on the results from individual toxicity testing with Elodea canadensis.Nonguideline 49535501 King, R.S. 2014. Effects of pulsed atrazine exposures on autotrophic biomass, communitystructure and production in fieldbased stream mesocosms. Baylor University, Center for Reservior and Aquatic Systems Research. Waco, TX. Supplemental Reviewed for inclusion in the CELOC calculation

850.4150 49639101 Martin J.A. Atrazine SC (A8566A)

–

Vegetative Vigor Test with Extended Exposure to View Potential Recovery. Unpublished study performed by Smithers Viscient, Wareham, Massachusetts and sponsored by Syngenta crop Protection, LLC, Greensboro, North Carolina. Laboratory Study Number: 1781.7001. Supplemental This toxicity study is classified as supplemental for the herein labeled “Test 1” -21-day Study. The study authors failed to obtain NOAECs for the most sensitive endpoints f or carrot,

c ucumber, and onion. Also, the IC25 for onion dry weight (most sensitive endpoint) was below the lowest tested concentration.

850.4100 49639102 Martin J.A. Atrazine SC (A8566A)

– Seedling Emergence Test with Extended Exposure to View Potential Recovery. Unpublished study performed by Smithers Viscient, Wareham, Massachusetts and sponsored by Syngenta crop Protection, LLC, Greensboro, North Carolina. Laboratory Study Number: 1781.7000. Acceptable

### 3 Guideline MRID Study Title EPA Study Classification Comments

Nonguideline na Andrus, J.M., D. Winter, M. Scanlan, S. Sullivan, W. Bollman, J.B. Waggoner, A.J. Hosmer, R.A. Brain. 2013. Seasonal synchronicity of algal assemblages in three Midwestern agricultural streams having varying concentrations of atrazine, nutrients and sediment. Science of the Total Environment 458-460: 125-139. Supplemental The primary limitation in this study is the lack of a set of reference streams which have had limited or no atrazine
exposure.

Nonguideline na Andrus, J.M., D. Winter, M. Scanlan, S. Sullivan, W. Bollman, J.B. Waggoner, A.J. Hosmer, R.A. Brain. 2015. Spatial and temporal variation of algal assemblages in six Midwest agricultural streams having varying levels of atrazine and other physiochemical attributes. Science of the Total Environment 505: 65-89. Supplemental The primary limitation in this study is the lack of a set of reference streams which have had limited or no atrazine
exposure.

Nonguideline na Baxter, L.R., D.L. Moor, P.K. Sibley, K.R. Solomon, M.L. Hanson. 2011. Atrazine does not af fect algal biomass or snail populations in microcosm communities at environmentally relevant concentrations. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, vol. 30 (7): 1689

- 1696. Supplemental Reviewed for inclusion in the CELOC calculation

Nonguideline na Baxter, L.R., P.K. Sibley, K.R. Solomon, and M.L. Hanson. 2013. Interactions between atrazine and phosphorus in aquatic systems: Effects on phytoplankton and periphyton. Chemosphere 90: 1069 -1076. Supplemental The primary limitation in this study is the lack of a set of comparable negative controls, and the poor reporting of the central cosms tested in the study. Therefore, it is difficult to isolate the independent effects of

either ATZ or phosphorous. In addition, the study doesn’t include saturated soil substrate as this would influence the amount of free phosphorous in the system.

### 4 Guideline MRID Study Title EPA Study Classification Comments

Nonguideline 49535804 Hall, Jr., L.; Killen, W.; Brain, R.; et al. (2014) Atrazine: Assessment of Periphyton, Aquatic Macrophytes, Benthic Communities, and Physical Habitat in Midwestern United States Streams Coinciding with Varying Historical Concentrations of Atrazine. Journa l of Environmental Science and Health Part A 49(2014):1091

- 1099. Supplemental The primary limitation in this study is the lack of a set of reference streams which have had limited or no atrazine
exposure.

Nonguideline na Pannard, A., B. Le Rouzic, F. Binet. 2009. Response of phytoplankton community to low -dose atrazine exposure combined with phosphorous fluctuations. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol 57: 50-59. Supplemental Reviewed for inclusion in the CELOC calculation

Nonguideline 49639107: Prosser, R.; Andrus, J.; Solomon, K.; et al. (2015) Assessing Temporal and Spatial Variation in Sensitivity of Communities of Periphyton Sampled from Agroecosystem to, and Ability to Recover from, Atrazine Exposure. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 118. 204 -216. Supplemental While the study provides an investigation and discussion of atrazine effects on periphyton communities, it did not identify more sensitive endpoints than those already included in the 2016 Refined Ecological Risk Assessment , and did not contribute information that would change the conclusions of the 2016 assessment.Nonguideline 49535803 Baxter, L.; Brain, R.; RodriguezGil, J.; et al. (2014) Atrazine: Response of the Green Alga Oophila sp., a Salamander Endosymbiont, to a PSII- Inhibitor under Laboratory Conditions. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 33(8):1858 -1864. Cited These studies, while relevant to the potential effects due to atrazine environmental exposures and prior study identification as a potential risk concern (Oliver et al. 2010), do not test the effect of atrazine on the salamander eggs or algal symbiont while in the symbiotic relationship.

### 5 Guideline MRID Study Title EPA Study Classification Comments

Nonguideline 49639109 Hanson, M.; Rodriquez-Gil, J.; Baxter, L.; et al. (2014) Isolation, Identification, and Optimization of Culturing Conditions of the Alga Oophila sp., a Salamander Symbiont, for its Use in Toxicity Testing under Laboratory Conditions: Final Report. Project Number: ATZ2013B, TK0186283. Unpublished study prepared by University of Guelph. 30p. Cited

Nonguideline 49639104 Hanson, M.; Baxter, L.; Solomon, K. (2015) The Response of the Salamander Ambystoma maculatum and its Egg -Capsule Endosymbiont (the alga Oophila sp.) to the Photosystem II Inhibitor Atrazine Under Laboratory Conditions: Final Report. Project Number: ATZ20 14, TK0224041. Unpublished study prepared by University of Guelph. 103pp Cited

Nonguideline 49639110 Hanson, M.; Baxter, L.; Rodriquez -Gil, J.; et al. (2014) Characterization of the Response of the Alga Oophila sp., a Salamander Symbiont, to Atrazine Under Laboratory Conditions: Final Report. Project Number: ATZ2013A, TK0186283. Unpublished study prepared by University of Guelph. 52p. Cited

Nonguideline 49535801 Rodriguez-Gil, J.; Baxter, L.; McConkey, B.; et al. (2014) Atrazine: Optimization of Culturing Conditions for Toxicity Testing with the Alga Oophila sp. (Chlorophyceae), An Amphibian Endosymbiont. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 33(11):2566 -2575. Cited

### 6 Guideline MRID Study Title EPA Study Classification Comments

Nonguideline 49639108 Kraak, G. (2014) The Effects of Atrazine on the Cortisol Stress Response in the Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Final Report. Project Number: TK0122394. Unpublished study prepared by University of Guelph. 20p Cited A brief review of the study results indicate that the direct effects o n the cortisol stress response do not result in more sensitive endpoints for fish following chronic exposure to atrazine, and thus would not contribute new data for refinement of current chronic fish conclusions in the risk

assessment. 850.2300 42547101 Pederson, et al. 1992. Atrazine Technical: Toxicity and Reproduction Study in Mallard Ducks. Conducted by Bio -Life Associates, Ltd., Neillsville, WI. Laboratory Project ID No. BLAL No. 102-013-08. Acceptable

890.1350 49694001 Schneider SC, Zhang L, MartinKH, Gallagher SP. 2015. AtrazineFish Short -Term Reproduction Assay with the Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes). Unpublished study performed by Wildlife International, Easton, Maryland.Laboratory report number 528A275. Study sponsored by Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Greensboro, North Carolina. Study completed July 31, 2015. Supplemental Deviations from the guideline are noted in Section IIA 8.1 of this data evaluation record (DER). Except for the deviation in test species and a few instances of pre

- study fecundity not meeting guideline recommendations, the validity elements and performance criteria specified in §890.1350 were met (i.e., cont rol survival and reproduction).Nonguideline NA Papoulias, D. M., Tillitt, D. E., Talykina, M. G., Whyte, J. J., and Richter, C. A. (2014). Atrazine reduces reproduction in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Aquat Toxicol. 154:230- 239. Supplemental EPA analyzed the data following the methods detailed in the recently finalized 890.2200 Medaka Extended One Generation Reproduction Test (MEOGRT) EPA g uideline.

Nonguideline NA Herlinde Noppe, An Ghekiere, Tim Verslycke, Eric De Wulf, Karolien Verheyden, Els Monteyne, Karen Polfliet, Peter van Caeter, Colin R. Janssen and Hubert F. De Brabander. 2007. Distribution and ecotoxicity of chlorotriazines in the Scheldt Estuary (B -Nl). Environmental Pollution 147 (20 07) 668-676. Supplemental

### 7 Guideline MRID Study Title EPA Study Classification Comments

Nonguideline NA Dornelles MF;Oliveira GT. 2014. Effect of Atrazine, Glyphosate and Quinclorac on Biochemical Parameters, Lipid Peroxidation and Survival in Bullfrog Tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus).Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 66(3): 415-429 Supplemental

Nonguideline NA Brodeur JC;Sassone A;Hermida GN; Codugnello N. 2013. Environmentally -Relevant Concentrations of Atrazine Induce Non -Monotonic Acceleration of Developmental Rate and Increased Size at Metamorphosis in Rhinella arenarum Tadpoles. 2013. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 92: 10

- 17. Supplemental

Nonguideline NA McMahon TA;Romansic JM;Rohr JR. 2013. Nonmonotonic and Monotonic Effects of Pesticides on the Pathogenic Fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Culture and on Tadpoles.Environ. Sci. Technol. 47(14): 7958-7964 Supplemental

Nonguideline NA Paetow LJ;McLaughlin JD;Pauli BD;Marcogliese DJ. 2013. Mortality of American Bullfrog Tadpoles Lithobates catesbeianus Infected by Gyrodactylus jennyae and Experimentally Exposed to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. J. Aquat. Anim. Health 25(1): 15- 26 Supplemental

Nonguideline NA Rohr JR, Raffel TR, Halstead NT, McMahon TA, Johnson SA, Boughton RK,Martin LB. 2013. Early -life exposure to a herbicide has enduring effects on pathogen has enduring effects on pathogen induced mortality. Proc R Soc B 280 :20131502. Supplemental

Nonguideline ECOTOX 165358 Rohr JR;Palmer BD. 2013. Climate Change, Multiple Stressors, and the Decline of Ectotherms. Conserv. Biol. 27(4): 741-751 Supplemental

### 8 Guideline MRID Study Title EPA Study Classification Comments

Nonguideline NA Paetow LJ;McLaughlin JD;Cue RI;Pauli BD;Marcogliese DJ. 2012. Effects of Herbicides and the Chytrid Fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on the Health of Post -metamorphic Northern Leopard Frogs (Lithobates pipiens). Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 80: 372-380 Supplemental

Nonguideline NA Svartz GV;Herkovits J;Perez-Coll CS. 2012. Sublethal Effects of Atrazine on Embryo -Larval Development of Rhinella arenarum (Anura: Bufonidae). Ecotoxicology 21(4): 1251-1259 Supplemental