NATIONAL CENTER Series 21 

For HEALTH STATISTICS I Number 9 

VITAL axad HEALTH STATISTICS 

DATA FROM THE NATIONAL VITAL STATISTICS SYSTEM 

SeasonalVariation 

of Births PROPHW m-WE 

PUBLKXT!W!S~3RANw 

Im-KRl.lw Lu3?Jw 

United States, 1933-63 

Seasonal pattern of births in the United States for 

1933-63, by color, geographic region, live-birth order, 

age of mo-ther, and legitimacy status. Changes in 

pattern over time. lnternationa I comparisons. Discussion of factors associated with seasonality of 

births and possible causes. Revised birth rates and 

fertility rates by month and color. Observed rates 

adiusted for seasonal variation, based on new populations and new method of seasonal adjustment. 

Washington, D.C. May 1966 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ‘ 

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Public Health Service 

John W. Gardner William H. Stewart 

Secretary Surgeon General 
Public Health Service Publi cation No. 1000-Series 21-No. 9 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office 

Washington, D. C., 20402- Price 45 cents 
NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS 

FORREST E. LINDER, PH. D., Director 

THEODORE D.WOOLSEY, Deputy Diwtor 

OSWALD K.SAGEN,PH. D., ~fsi-rta?zt Director 

WALT R.SIMMONS,M.A.,Statistical Advisor 

ALICEM. WATERHOUSE, M.D.,Medical .Advi~or 

JAMES E.KELLY,D.D.s.,Dental Advisor 

LOUISR.STOLCIS,M.A.,Executive O@cer 

DIVISION OF VITAL STATISTICS 

ROBERT D. GROVE, PH. D., Chief 

ANDERS S. LVNDE, PH. D., AJJ;~ant Chief€

ARTHURA. CAMPBELL,Chief, Natalzly StatWc~ Branch€

CHARLESR. COUNCIL, Chief, Registration Methods Branch€

Public Health Service Publication N~. 1000-Series 21-No. 9 

Library of Congress Catalog Card Num’ber 66-60036 
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CONTENTS 

Introductio~l


Seasonal Pattern of Birtk


Seasonality in the United>~--------------------------------------


Co&and Geographic Region


hternational Comparisons


Factors Associated WithSeasonalityof Births


CZauses of Seasonality tiBirtis and Conceptions


Seasonally Adjusting Birth Rates and Fertili~ Rates


Components of Ttie Series


Seasonally Adjusted Fertility Rates, l933-63---------------------------

Conclusion


References


Detailed Tables


Appendix. Technical Notes on Methods


Seasonally Adjusted Bti Statistics


D cription of tie BLSSeasonal Factor Metiod


titis


#’B’;gistration Completeness


-_----


PopulationBases forRates


Computer Processing Time Series


Page 

1


1 

1 

3 

3 

7 

11 

11 

11 

12 

. 14 

18 . 

19 

41 

41 

41 

42 

42 

42 

42 

42 

III 

x 
NOTES TO TABLES 

1.	 Alaska and Hawaii.—All tables showing time 

series include data for Alaska beginning 

1959, Hawaii 1960. 

2.	 50-peTcent sample. —All data for the years 

1951-54 and 1956-63 are derived from 50-

percent samples of birth records. Statistics 

for these years were obtained by multiplying 

the sample figure by 2. 

3.	 Seasonul adjustment.— Except where indicated, time series have been seasonally adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

Seasonal Factor Method (1964). Prior to 

seasonal adjustment, births were corrected 

for the varying number of days in each month. 

Seasonal indexes for the United States are 

based on birth rates per 1,000 population; 

for regions on numbers of live births. 

4.	 Adjustment for unde~yegist~ation of biyths. — 

All rates are based on births adjusted for 

underregistration. 

5. Place of occwyence and yesidence. —Births 

are	 classified by place of occurrence for 

1933-41 and by place of residence for 1942-

63. 

6.	 Population bases. —Rates shown in this report 

are based on populations that include the 

Armed Forces overseas for 1941-46 and the 

Armed Forces stationed in the United States 

for each year. They exclude the Armed Forces 

overseas for other years and exclude other 

persons living abroad for all years. All rates 

are on an annual basis per 1,000 estimated” 

population for specified month. 

7.	 Race and CO1OYnot stated.— Data on births by 

color are not available for New Jersey for 

1962 because this State did not ask for the 

race of either parent on a revision of its birth 

certificate introduced at the beginning of 1962. 

The color item was restored in the latter part 

of 1962, but the certificates without this item 

were used for most of 1962 and 1963. Therefore, all tables showing data by color for 1962 

and 1963 exclude data for residents of New 

Jersey. 

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IN THIS REPOR T the seasonal pattevn of ?.n&ths in the United States 

since 1933 is described. This repoyt compaves the pattern of births in 

the United States with those of othev countries and discusses factoys that 

may be associated with seasonality. The use of seasonal factors is illustrated in time seyies of seasonally adjusted birth vates and fertility 

rates for the United States for the peyiod 1933-63, 

There was an average seasonal difference duying the most recent 10-

yeav peviod of about 15pevcent between the peak month of SeptembeY and 

the months with the fewest births, Apvil and %?ay.In the South the seasonal difference was over 20 peycent, while in the NoYtheast the vaviation was somewhat less than the national avevage. Du~ing the past 30 

years seasonality of bivths has incveased, although the shape of the distribution has Yemained stable. 

Seasonal vaviation Of births does not appea~ to be related to season oj 

rnawia%e, to age of mothey, OY to biyth order of the child; but this vepovt suggests that socioeconomic status of parents and climate may affect 

season of biyth. 

A comparison of white and nonwhite fertility trends by month, free from 

seasonal variation, shows that the fertility rate fo~ nonwhite women ~esponded less to the demobilization afier Wo~ld War II than that fov white 

women. Since 1957, cyclical intewuptions in the downwavd tyend in fevtility have not been experienced simultaneously by white and nonwhite 

women. 

SYMBOLS 

Data not available 

Category not applicable 

Quantity zero 

Quantity more than O but less than 0.05 -----

Figure does not meet standards of 

reliability orprecision 

. . . 

-

0.0 

* 

VI 
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SEASONAL VARIATION OF BIRTHS


Harry M. Rosenberg, Division of Vital Statistics 

INTRODUCTION shows how knowledge about the seasonal distribution of births is useful in describing and interDuring the period 1954-63 the monthly num- preting changes in monthly birth rates and ferber of births in the United States exhibited a tility rates. This report supplements two earlier 

relatively stable seasonal pattern characterized reports prepared by this office. 12


by a trough in the spring and a peak in the fall. Throughout this report, the seasonal distribu-


There was, on the average, a seasonal difference tion of births is discussed in terms of an index,


of about 15 percent in the monthly number of with the average monthly number of births for a


births-from a low of about 328,000 births in year equaling 100.0. Births have been adjusted


April and May to a high of about 377,000 in for the varying number of days in each month.


September. Except where indicated, the seasonal pattern


(also referred to as the “seasonal component’’) has 

January ---------------------- 335,000 been derived by using a method developed recently 

February 343,000 by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics-the BLS 

March 340,000 Seasonal Factor Method (1964)—for seasonally 

April 328,000 adjusting time series. (Specifications of the BLS 

May 328,000 Seasonal Factor Method are available upon reJune 341,000 quest from the Deputy Associate Commissioner 

July 361,000 for Systems Analysis, U.S. Bureau of Labor 

August ----------------------- 371,000 Statistics, Washington, D.C., 20210.) This method, 

September 377,000 summarized in the Appendix, yields results 

October 358,000 similar to those of other methods that are based 

November 346,000 on the concept of the “ratio to moving average.” 

December 345,000 Data in this report were seasonally adjusted on 

the electronic computer (IBM 1401) in the National 

This report is concerned with a description Center for Health Statistics. 

of the seasonal pattern of births in the national 

birth-registration area since 1933 ,when data for SEASONAL PATTERN OF BIRTHS 

the country as a whole were first available. 

Seasonality of births will be described for the Seasonality in the United States 

four geographic regions and in terms of”anumber of variables, including color, age ofmother, In 1963 the seasonal distribution of births 

live-birth order, andlegitimacy.Inaddition,some in the United States exhibited a bimodal pattern 

of the theories set forth to explain the seasonal with a minor peak in February and a major peak 

variation of births will be discussed inthe light in September. For 4 months of the year (July 

of the most recent data available fkom the United through October) the number of births was above 

States and other countries. A concluding section the monthly average; for the remainder of the 

1


3 
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year the monthly indexes were below the annual latter half. This is shown in the following


average of 100.0. April and May were the months table.


with the fewest births.


Although there has been a gradual diminution 

in the February peak and an accentuation of the Month 1963 1953 1943 1933 

September peak, this distribution has exhibited 

no major changes in its modal points since 1933 January 96.4 97.5 99.8 100.0 

February 98.5 99.5 101.3 102.7
 (table 1 and fig. 1). In fact, the entire distribution March 98.0 97.3 98.8 101.4


appears to have pivoted counterclockwise around April 95.0 93.2 95.1 97.1


the month of July, which has shown relatively May---------- 94.2 93,1 93,7 97.7


little variation in its seasonal index during the June 97.3 99.0 98.7 99.1


July 103.2 104.8 103.2 103.5


past 31 years. During this period April and May Auguat 106.9 106.7 105.6 104.5


replaced November and December as the months September---- 108.6 107.9 106.6 105.3


with the smallest proportion of annual births. October 102.9 102.8 101.4 98.7


November 99.4 99.3 98.6 95,8


Shifts in the monthly pattern of births, ex. December 99.6 98.8 97.2 94.7 

pressed in terms of seasonal indexes (tables 1 

and 2), exhibit a general decrease in the propor- Since 1933 there has also been a gradual 

tion of births occurring during the first halfof increase in the amplitude of the distribution; 

the year and a corresponding increase in the that is, seasonal fluctuations over the past 31 

UNITED STATES WHITE NONWHITE 

‘“~ 

— 1963 

,,.,,,..,,	 1943 ~’” 

110L 1933 

4 110 .-m 

10’ 

100 

95 

90 

t 1 .~ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 05 

J FtJAM J J AS ON D J F MAM J JA SO ND J F MAM J J A SOND 

MONTH OF OCCURRENCE 

90 

Figure 1. Seasonal indexes of live births, by color: United States, 1933, 1943, and 1963. 

(Based on data in tables I and 2) 
years have tended to increase rather than to decrease. A measure of the amplitude of these 

fluctuations around the annual average of 100.0 

is the standard deviation (tables 1 and 2). In 1933 

the standard deviation of the seasonal pattern for 

the country as a whole was 3.5. This means that 

two-thirds of the monthly variation in the number 

of births was within 3.5 percent of the monthly 

average for the year. The standard deviation of 

the monthly number of births increased to 4.5 

by 1963. 

Figure I shows the seasonal distribution of 

white and nonwhite births in 1943 and 1963; prior 

to 1942, monthly data for white and nonwhite births 

were not available. The seasonal pattern of white 

and nonwhite births combined is in effect an 

average pattern weighted proportionately by the 

monthly number of white and nonwhite births. In 

1943 white births constituted about 87 percent of 

all annual births; in 1963, about 81 percent. 

Consequently, the pattern of total births resembled 

very closely the distribution of white births, although the impact of nonwhite births was evident 

in the low spring trough for all births. 

Changes in the amplitude of the white and 

nonwhite seasonal distributions since 1943 have 

followed different courses. Seasonality of white 

births has tended to remain relatively constant 

with a standard deviation of about 4.5. The 

amplitude of the nonwhite seasonal pattern, in 

contrast, increased rapidly from 4.8 in 1943 to 

6.5 in 1953; since 1953 there has been little 

change in the average magnitude of monthly 

fluctuations in births as measured by the standard deviation (fig. 2). 

Color and Geographic Region 

When seasonality is examined in terms of 

both color and geographic area, certain systematic differences emerge; but the basic features 

of the distribution described above are preserved. 

Figure 3 shows the average seasonal distribution 

by color for the four geographic regions from 

1954 through 1963. 

Seasonality in the South, the region with the 

greatest monthly fluctuations in births, was over 

twice that of the Northeast, the region with the 

least seasonality. For these regions the standard 

deviations of seasonal indexes for 1954-63 were, 

,.=-+ +-*+ 

6.5 – 8

..- Nonwhite 

,0’ 

6.0 – ?0 

; 

z 

g ; 

i-a5 — 88 = 

> ,4* ; 

#&@ n 50 K ,4 

a ** n 

z +, 

: 45 - %* *.,*-, “.,+’ 

4.0 – 

3.5 

30 Ii II II II II I I I II II I I I 1 II I I I 

1933’35 ’40 ’45 ’50 ’55 ’60 ‘6! 

Figure 2. Standard deviations of seasonal indexes


of births, by color: Un ited States, 1933-63.


(Data by month by color not available prior to


1942. Based on data in tables I and 2)


respectively, 7.3 and 3.0 as compared with 4.6 

for the United States as a whole. The white and 

nonwhite patterns in the South closely resembled 

each other in shape and amplitude; in the Northeast, in contrast, seasonality of white and nonwhite births differed considerably; the monthly 

variation of nonwhite births was 68 percent 

greater than that of white births (table A). 

In every region but the West nonwhite births 

exhibited more, seasonality than white births; in 

the West seasonality of nonwhite births had a 

standard deviation of 3.2 as compared with 3.8 

for white births. It might be noted that nonwhite 

births in the West included a larger proportion 

of American Indian, Japanese, and Chinese than 

in the other regions. 

International Comparisons 

The seasonal pattern of births has been observed with interest in the United States and in 

other countries for many years. For example, 

3

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NORTHEAST NORTH CENTRAL SOUTH wEST 

“5 ~ 

— White 

. .. .. .. . . . . . N~n~h ife I I 

90 

85 ~ 

t r 

I [ I I I I I I I I 

1 

II I I I I I I r I I I 1. 

JFMAMJJA SONO JFMAMJJA SONO JFMAMJ’JASOND 

MONTH OF OCCURRENCE 

115 

110 

[05 

100 

95 

90 

85 

Figure 3. Average seasonal indexes of live births, by color for each geographic region: United States, 

1954-63. 

(Based on data in tables I and 2) 

Table A. Average standard deviations of 

seasonal indexes of live births, by 

color: United States and each geographic region, 1954-63 

(Based on data in tables 1 and 2) 

Area Total white Nonwhite 

United States-

& 

Northeast 

North Central--- ::: 

South 

West ------------ ;:; 

Sorokin cites a number of 19th century studies 

which describe this phenomenonin Europe.4 In 

recent years, availability of increasinglyreliable 

birth statistics for many countries throughout 

the world has made possible international comparisons of seasonality. For illustration, the 

seasonal distributions of births for the Lh@ed 

States and several other countries are compared 

in figure 4 for recent years.5 The distributions 

are shown in terms of month ofbirth and month 

of conception by attributing birth occurrences 

to conceptions 9 months earlier. 

Monthlydata for rnostof these countries are 

on the basis of date of occurrence; for Mexico 

and Chile, the exceptions, births havebeencompiled by date, of registration rather than by 

occurrence. This may introduce some distortion 

into the comparisons since there is frequently 

alagof up to 2 months between the occurrence 

and the registration of the birth. In Mexico the 

time allowed for registration by law is 15days 

if the father registers the birth and 40 daysif 

the mother registers the birth. In Chile the 

interval allowed for registration is 60 days. In 

both countries registration is believed to be 

incomplete.G Nevertheless, with due regard for 

their limitations, data for these countries are 

4 
���� 

CANADA 

1,418,000 To1o1Registered I&@ Shths, 1957-5s 

‘~~ 

110 

2 

: 105 

g 

z 

x 100 

$ 

MEXICO CHILE 

4,42S ,000 Total Reglkmd Live Shths, 1957-59 773,000 Totol Registered Uve Births, 19S7-5~ ’20 1 I . . . . . . . . UnNed States r-— Selected CounJries 1 

t- 7 

— 93 

— 90 

I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I 

.lF MAMJJ AS O’NO JFMA JJAS ONO 

SWEDEN WEST GERMANY 

317,000 Total Registered Live Sirths, 1957-59 1 1 2,691,000 To1oI Registered Liw Births, 1957-S9 ’20

115 1110

t_uu-ld: 

JF MA MJ JASON O

SOUTH 4USTRALI A 128 JAPAN 

120 60,000 Total Registered Live Births, 1957-S9 4,043,000 Total Registered Live Births, 

19s7-59 

— 815 

— 110 

... 

*.”. 

— 95 

— 90 

I I I I I I I I I I I 

95 — 

90 — 

85 1 I I I I I I I I 1 II 

J FMAMJ JA SONO 

ENGLANO ANO WALES 

‘m 2,213,000 Total Re@twed Live 8hths,1957-S9 

115 — 

No— 

: 105— g 

z 

x 100
 :


~


95 — 

90 — 

85 I I I I I I I I I I 1 

JF MA MJ JASON o 

SOUTH AFRICA 

120 ZU,000 T..ImI R@t~,~d Live Births, 1937-59 

115 — 

I1O — 

, 

: 105 — 

z 

~ 

g 

— 

95 — 

90 — 

1 I I I I I I I I I I 

>CCURRENC:5J FMAMJ JAS ONO J FM AM JJ ASO ND 

;ONCEPTIONAMJJAS ONDJF MAMJJ AS ONOJF MA MJ JASON DJFM 

MONTH 

Figure 4. Seasonal indexes of live births: United States and selected countries, 1957-59. 

(About 12,858,0001 ive births were regi s~ered in the United States during 1957-59)5 

5

included in the belief that their general configurations are useful for comparative purposes. 

To ensure stability in the seasonal patterns, the 

figures are based on a compilation of data for 

the 3 years 1957-59. The total number of births 

during this period for each country is shown. 

In terms of months of conception, a high point 

occurs in the United States during the period 

October-January and a secondary peak occurs 

in March; the low period of conceptions resulting 

in live births 9 months later is during the summer 

months of June, July, and August, The uniqueness 

of this pattern (evident from the charts) was 

recently pointed out by Takahashi 7 and Cowgill. 8 

Countries bordering the United States to the 

north and south (Canada and Mexico) apparently 

do not share a common pattern with the United 

States. In Canada, where the seasonal pattern 

during 1957-59 showed large monthly fluctuations, the peak month of conception was April 

and the low month was March. This phenomenon, 

attributed to the Lenten Season and Easter, has 

been noted by Takahashi 7 for Italy, Yugoslavia, 

and Greece. The absence of this phenomenon in the 

Northeast Region of the United States (fig. 3) and 

in Mexico and Chile, all of which have large 

Catholic populations, is of interest. The low 

period of conceptions in Mexico during the summer 

months of July and August and the minor peaks 

in March and November coincide roughly with 

the pattern of the United States; the suggested 

similarities, however, may be largely a function 

of registration practices in Mexico. 

In England and Wales, Sweden, and West 

Germany seasonality of conceptions associated 

with live births contrasted strikingly with the 

pattern of the United States. The patterns were 

very nearly reversed, with peaks in conception 

rates occurring during the summer months in 

Europe, when rates were lowest in the United 

States, and with below-average rates in Europe 

from about October through January, when rates 

achieve a maximum in the continental United 

States. A feature found among the European 

countries, Canada, Australia, and South Africa 

is the secondary peak in births occurring in 

September and ‘associated with December conceptions; this coincides with the period of maximum conceptions in the United States and supports the often stated hypothesis that in industrial 

countries conceptions are highly correlated with 

the principal holidays. For the Union of South 

Africa, data refer only to the European or white 

population, as birth registration of natives is not 

compulsory in the rural areas where the majority 

live. G 

Seasonality paralleling that of the United 

States prevails in several countries of the Southern 

Hemisphere, where climatic conditions are roughly the reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere. 

Data for Chile, South Africa, and South Australia 

show periods in which conception rates are above 

the annual average occurring in the December 

through February period. Confidence in the strong 

similarity between the patterns of South Australia 

and of the United States is weakened by the 

small frequencies upon which South Australian 

seasonalit y is based. Unfortunately, data on births 

by month of occurrence for Australia as a whole 

were available only for 1962, not for the period 

1957-59; in general, these support the pattern 

for South Australia, particularly the December 

peak in conceptions. 

For Japan, although the statistics are allegedly on an occurrence basis, the unusually 

high conception rates occurring in April have 

been attributed to birth-registration practices. 

Takahashi stated that “In Japan previously age , 

was given at every New Year. Parents do not 

like to notify the real date of birth especially 

when the girI is born in late December, because 

younger age is profitable for marriage when she 

becomes adult.” 7 

The data for the countries above illustrate 

the diverse seasonal patterns of birth and conception. No doubt within these countries, as in 

the United States, regional patterns depart from 

the pattern of the country as a whole. I<osambi 

and Raghavachari, g in discussing seasonality 

of births in India, stated that “. . . there is no 

such thing as a standard India birth curve, ” 

In addition, they found that the villages where 

the greater part of the people of India dwell 

showed an entirely different seasonal variation 

from that of the cities they surrounded. They 

suggested that if the data for Europe were broken 

down regionally for separate economic classes 

considerable internal variation would be found. 

6 
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Factors Associated With Seasonality of Births 

A number of serious attempts have been made 

to establish the factors underlying the seasonal 

distribution of births observed in the United States 

and abroad. Attention in recent years has focused 

on what might be referred to as “environmental” 

and “social” agents. Falling into the environmental 

category are climatic factors such as temperature, barometric pressure, and nutritional patterns; social factors include season of marriage, 

date of occurrence of major holidays, and socioeconomic status of parents. 

The relationship between month of marriage 

and month of first birth in the United States, if 

it exists at all, seems to be a very weak one. 

Figure 5 illustrates this relationship by showing 

the average seasonal distribution of marriages 

by month (1960-62) and the average seasonal 

distribution of first births (1961-63) 10 months 

later. Assuming that the modal interval between 

marriage and first births is 10 months for re­

!	 cently married women,l” there is essentially 

no correlation between the two series. Waggoner 

and Schachter, 2 who examined this relationship 

in an earlier report, found that the correlation 

between month of marriage and month of first 

birth did not reach a maximum until the interval 

between the two events was extended to 14 months. 

The correlation at 14 months (0.63) was significant, but it did not indicate a high degree of 

association between the two variables since it 

explained only about 40 percent of the variation 

in the number of births. 

Month 

JanuaryFebruary 

March 

Apri.l 

May----------- June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

First births 

Marr i.ages 10 months 

later 

74.1 97.7 

84.2 96.9 

72.9 94.7 

90.7 97.4 

92.7 98.7 

159.6 96.6 

102.0 96.2 

117.5 98.8 

116.8 104.6 

93.6 107.4 

96.6 109.3 

99.2 101.8 

160 

150


140


130
 O-J 

a 

u 

m


z 120
 >


z


110


100


90


80


70


hlarriage JFMAMJ JASON’-D 

Flrstblrth NDJFM AM JJ ASO 

MONTH OF OCCURRENCE 

Figure 5. Seasonal indexes of marriages (1960-62)


and of first births (1961-63): United States.


(Seasonal indexes of marriages by BLS Seasonal


Factor Method. Indexes of first births from


table B)


Further weakening theassurned” relationship 

between seasonality of marriages and births is 

the fact that second births and births of higher 

orders also attain a maximum correlation with 

marriages at an interval of 14 months and that 

the strength of these correlations is of about the 

same magnitude as between marriages and first 

births.z This is not surprising in view of the 

highly significant correlation (0.95) between seasonality of first births and births of second 

or higher orders for the United States during 

1961-63. In fact, when the distribution of births 

by month is cross-classified by age of mother 

and live-birth order, the familiar bimodal pattern is maintained for all categories (table B). 

Additional evidence for the weak relationship between season of marriage and season of 

birth in the United’ States is seasonality of 

births occurring in wedlock compared with sea7

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Table B. Seasonal indexes of births, by live-birth order and age of mother: United


States, 1961-63


(Ratio
 of monthly births tn monthly average for year taken as 100.0) 

10-24


25-49


10-24


25-49


10-24


25-49


10-24


25-49


10-24


25-49


10-24


25-49


Live-birth order and


age of mother


First births


years


years


Second births


years


years


Third births and higher


years


years


Live-birth order and


age of mother


First births


years


years


Second births


years


years


Third births and higher


years


years


Month


—— 

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June


94.7 97.4 98.7 96.6 96.2 98.8 

94.5 96.9 98.7 96.4 96.5 99.0 

95.7 99.3 99.1 97.4 94.9 97.7 

96.0 99.0 98.6 96.9 96.8 98.7 

96.0 98.3 97.4 95.3 95.9 98.6 

96.1 100.2 100.6 99.5 98.4 98.9 

99.4 100.8 98.9 94.7 93.6 95.8 

98.4 99’.3 97.0 93.7 93.4 98.2 

99.8 101.4 99.6 95.1 93.7 95.0 

Month


~ 

July Aug. Sept. Ott . Nov. Dec. 

104.6 107.4 109,3 101.8 97.7 96.9 

105.1 107.8 109.7 101.4 97.2 ‘96.9 

102.1 105.5 107.3 103.9 100.0 97.1 

103.1 105.4 106.6 103.0 98.4 97.6 

104.5 106.7 107.3 102.8 98.8 98.4 

100.6 103.3 105.3 103.4 97.7 96.2 

102.3 106.2 107.8 102.5 98.9 99.0 

104.3 107.9 108.5 102.0 98.5 98.7 

101.6 105.6 107.6 102.7 99.0 99.0 

8

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sonal variation of births occurring out-ofwedlock. For the 39 birth-registration States 

for which data on legitimacy were available in 

1963, the distributions of legitimate births and 

illegitimate births were virtually identical, as 

shown below 

Month Legitimate Illegitimate 

births births 

January 98.5 98.1 

February 99.1 99.2 

March 97.8 98.1 

April 94.0 95.0 

May----------- 94.4 95.1 

June 97.5 97.8 

July 103.7 103.5 

August 106.8 106.2 

September 109.4 108.8 

October 103.3 102.9 

November--- 97.8 97.6 

December 97.7 97.7 

Because white births accounted for a larger 

proportion of legitimate birthsthanofillegitimate 

births, the seasonal indexesabovewere standardized with respect tocolortofacilitate comparison. 

It is also difficult to establish astrongrelationship between season ofmarriage andseason 

of birth for other countries. Takahashi7 pointed 

out that the conception rates for England and 

Wales and for Germany, which reach peaks in 

spring, do not accompany the peak month of 

marriages (August inGermanyandMayinEngland 

and Wales). Chang, Chan, Low, and Ng,ll who 

found a high correlation in season of birth for 

births of different orders in Hong Kong, also 

stated that the influence of month of marriage on 

month of birth is a weak one. 

The relation between conceptions and major 

holidays was mentioned briefly in connection with 

the seasonal pattern of births in Canada which, 

Takahashi suggested, is associated “with the 

Lenten season. However, the validity of the 

relationship must be considered in the light of 

data from other countries with large Catholic 

populations such as Spain, Portugal, and Chile, 

in which the apparent association with the Lenten 

season is absent. According to Kosambi and 

Raghavachari, 9 there is no connection between 

the conception rate and major holidays in India, 

although one of the two major Hindu holidays, 

Holi, is “. . . definitely of an orgiastic character, 

being the ancient spring festival and Saturnalia.” 

They found that according to their data for 1930-

39 conceptions reached peak levels at the two 

solstices, but that there” were no corresponding 

solstitial festivals. 

Several recent studies have attempted to 

correlate climatic conditions with monthly rates 

of conception and have suggested possible mechanisms through which the physical environment 

could influence the frequency of human reproduction. Using data for Hong Kong for the 10 

years 1952-61, Changll found a strong negative 

correlation (-O.97) between monthly conception 

rates and temperature. For Para I women, the 

correlation was -0.96; Para II, -0.87; Para III 

and over, -0.90; differences which, by analysis 

of variance, were found to be statistically insignificant. The magnitude of the fluctuations in 

the conception rate in Hong Kong are considerably 

greater than those in the United States. In Hong 

Kong summer conception rates are about 30 percent lower than rates in the winter; 11 in this 

country differences averaged about 15 percent 

during the period 1954-63. Climate was also 

indicated as an important factor in variations 

of the conception rate in India. Kosambi and 

Raghavachari 9 stated that for the urban population of India, season of conception “. . . depends entirely upon the climate, which in India 

is dominated and characterized by the rainy 

season of four months. ” 

The relation between climate and conception 

rates is consistent for a number of countries. In 

the Northern Hemisphere Takahashi7 found that 

conception rates varied roughly with temperature, 

with peaks in the conception rate from winter 

through spring to summer as one moves from 

countries of the Torrid Zone to the Northern 

Subfrigid Zone. The peak of the conception curve 

usually appears ‘‘. . . when monthly average temperature is up to about 20” C, which is fit for the 

physiological optimum.” 

In the United States, a relationship between 

temperature and conception rates has been noted 

in several recent studies. Takahashi 7 suggested 

that the pronounced trough in the conception curve 

9 
---------

-------

----------------

---------

is greatest in the South Region during July and 

August because of the hot and humid climate 

during this period. The strength of the relationship suggested by Takahashi is illustrated in 

figure 6 which shows average monthly temperatures (expressed as indexes) for 1931-60 for 

Mobile, Alabama, and conception rates for the 

South Region for 1954-63. In the absence of 

climatic data for the entire region, it is assumed 

that the monthly temperatures for one city in a 

geographic region are reasonably representative 

of the variation in temperature experienced by 

the population of the entire region. The correlation between temperatures and conception 

rates for Mobile and the South is highly significant, -0.86, accounting for over 70 percent of 

the variation in monthly conception rates. Correlations between temperatures in selected cities 

and conception rates in the geographic regions 

which the cities are assumed to represent are 

shown below: 

New York and Northeast -0.24 

Chicago and North Central -0.62 

Mobile and South -0.86 

Los Angeles and West-- -0.30 

The relationship between temperatures and 

conception rates in the United States was also 

examined by Pasamanick, Dinitz, and I<noblock 12 

who found that the spring “dip” in births corresponded to summer temperatures in the United 

States. “Instead of the normal 8.3 percent expectancy, the percentage of April white male 

births, for example, was 7.8 percent in the United 

States, 6.7 in Mississippi, 8.0 in Wisconsin, 8.2 

in Maine, and 8.5 in Washington. ” 12 

While statistical indications for a causal 

relation between temperature and conception 

rates are indeed compelling, departures from 

this simple relationship suggest that factors 

other than temperature account for part of the 

variance in monthly conception rates and birth 

rates. For example, in the United States the 

bimodality and asymmetry of the birth curve are 

in contrast with the single peak and symmetry 

of the monthly variations in temperature. It is 

questionable, too, whether differences in climate 

alone can explain why in the United States conceptions reach peak levels during October-Januar y, while in much of continental Europe the 

I 120 — 

110 — 

E


w


z


3


z IO(J


x


u!


~


90 — 

80 

70 I I I I I I I I I I 

JFMAMJJ A“SON 

MONTH OF OCCURRENCE 

Figure 6. Seasonal indexes of mean monttilY tern­

~eratures for Mobi le, Alabama (1931-60)” and of 

conceptions for the South Region (1954-63): 

Un ited States.


(Temperatures from U.S. Department of Commerce,


Weather Bureau records. Conceptions refer to


births 9 months later)


peak period is from May through August. 

Another reason for exercising caution in 

interpreting these data is methodological. In 

this study the common practice was adopted of 

equating live births with conceptions 9 months 

earlier. In fact, infants born during a particular 

period reflect a range of gestational ages. In 

1964 an estimated 23 percent of all live births 

occurred during the 40th week of gestation; 71 

percent occurred during the interval 38-41 weeks 

of gestation. These estimates are based on data 

from Baltimore, Maryland; New York City; the 

District of Columbia; and California—areas for 

which gestational length can be determined from 

information given as the date of the mother’s 

last normal menstrual period. 

Moreover, there is evidence that gestational 

length varies somewhat with month of conception}3 

The extent to which the seasonal distribution of 

live births departs from the pattern of con10 
ceptions 9 months earlier should be examined 

in future studies. 

Causes of Seasonality in 

Births and Conceptions 

Statistical associations such as those described above suggest but do not demonstrate 

a direct interaction between environmental or 

social factors and monthly variations in conception rates. A number of studies have hypothesized possible modes of interaction between 

these variables, but, as yet, no studies have 

systematically investigated the suggested 

causes of seasonal variation in conception rates 

of humans. 

The direct effect of high summer temperatures on conception rates has been suggested by 

Pasamanick,12 who stated that high temperatures 

may reduce sexual activity or adversely affect 

the viability of sperm, thereby reducing the risk 

of conceptions. Chang 11 stated that female fertility is also affected by high temperatures, 

which increase the incidence of amenorrhea. 

Increased fetal death rates during the summer 

months have also been cited as a possible explanation for the consistent depression in the 

number of births associated with summer conceptions in the United States. Pasamanick, Dinitz, 

and Knoblack 14 stated that ‘‘. . . prenatal stress 

via the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenocortical 

system and dietary deficiencies during the early 

critical period of fetal development, the first 

trimester, result in fetal deaths in animals. ” 

Consistent with the above hypotheses are the 

findings of a study on seasonal variation by 

socioeconomic status. Using census tract of 

residence of mother as the criterion of socioeconomic status, Pasamanick12 found that seasonality varied inversely with socioeconomic 

data. “As predicted, the amount of over-representation of summer births vaiies inversely 

with socioeconomic status . . . the highest socioeconomic status category exhibits the smallest 

monthly variability in births. ” 

Pasamanick 12 suggested several factors— 

environmental and social—which may operate to 

create these monthly disparities. Among them 

are the ability of the higher socioeconomic status 

groups to modify by air conditioning the effects 

of climate. With better nutritional practices 

they are also able to minimize dietary deficiencies that might affect fetal mortality. Finally, 

Pasamanick suggested that family planning practices resulting from more frequent and effective 

utilization of birth-control devices may help 

randomize the occurrence of conceptions. 

SEASONALLY ADJUSTING BIRTH 

RATES AND FERTILITY RATES 

Information on the seasonal distribution of 

births, expressed as indexes, can be useful in 

describing and interpreting changes in the birth 

rate on a monthly basis. To ascertain the underlying “mend in a time series of monthly birth 

rates the observed data can be “seasonally adjusted”; that is, the seasonal component can be 

removed from the observed rates. Knowledge of 

the trend on a monthly basis, hee from distortion due to large seasonal fluctuations, facilitates comparisons between different types of 

series; such studies include, for example, the 

relation between excess mortality and morbidity 

on pregnancy outcome 15 and the influence of 

business cycles on birth rates. 16 

Components of Time Series 

SeasonaI adjustment of time series is based 

on the assumption that the total variation of a 

time series can be “decomposed,” or broken 

down, into four components—the trend (T), the 

cycle (C), the seasonal component (S), and the 

irregular component (I) .17 

Under this mode of time series analysis, 

the cycle is defined as short-run movements 

made up of alternating periods of increase or 

decrease. In economic time series cycles usually 

last for several years (from 2 to 10) depending 

upon the type of series. In short-term analysis 

it has been convenient to combine the terms 

“trend” and “cycle ,” referring to the component 

as the trend-cycle, following the economist’s 

usage, or just as the trend. 

The seasonal factor described for births 

earlier in this report consists of intrayear 

movements which are repeated more or less 

11 
regularly each year. The pattern may, and 

usually does, change over time, but such changes 

are small and occur slowly. Irregular fluctuations 

are those that remain after systematic fluctuations 

have been accounted for. They include the random 

movements of the series as well as the deficiency 

of the method in identifying true seasonal and 

trend-cycle components. 

Figure 7 shows the birth rate (births per 

1,000 population) for the United States from 

1957 to 1960 broken down into its seasonal, 

trend-cycle, and irregular components. The seasonal component clearly emerges as the strongest 

of the monthly fluctuations, tracing a bimodal 

pattern with a major peak in September and a 

minor peak in February. Irregular fluctuations 

are small in amplitude relative to seasonal 

component and short in duration. The trendcycle traces a smooth path, with peaks in mid1957 and early 1959. 

The relative size of the components and 

the quantitative impact of each component on the 

total variation can be expressed in terms of their 

month-to-month change without regard to size. 

Thus, for the 10-year period 1954-63, the average 

month-to-month change in the observed birth 

rates for the United States was 2.91 percent. The 

average change in the irregular component was 

0.79 percent; in the trend-cycle it was 0.24 percent; and in the seasonal component it was 2.81 

percent. The seasonal component, therefore, 

emerges as the strongest source of monthly 

fluctuation and accounts for over 90 percent 

of the total monthly fluctuation in the birth rate 

during the period 1954 -63.1s 

Therefore, once the seasonal component 

(S) has been established for a time series, it 

can be removed by dividing the observed rates 

(0) by the respective seasonal factor (S) for 

each month, This procedure is called seasonal 

adjustment. Table 3 and figure 8 show seasonally 

adjusted general fertility rates (births per 1,000 

women 15-44 years) for the United States for 

1933-63. These figures are based on the quotient 

of the observed general fertility rates by month 

for this period (table 3) and their respective 

seasonal factors. 

The seasonally adjusted series, representing 

the trend-cycle and irregular components, is an 

improvement over the observed data in determining the trend of the series; but it still exhibits marked fluctuations due to the presence of 

the irregular component, which for birth rates 

is over three times as large as the trend-cycle 

component: 

Average percent change in irregular component 0== 3.3 

Average percent change in trend-cycle 0.24 

Removal of the irregular component from the 

seasonally adjusted series by the BLS Seasonal 

Factor Method described in the Appendix leaves 

the trend-cycle, or trend, of the birth rate. Table 

3 and figure 8 show the trend-cycle and the 

seasonally adjusted fertility rate for the total 

United States for 1933-63; table 4 and figure 9 

show fertility rates for white and nonwhite women 

in the United States for 1942-63. Tables 5 and 6 

show trends in fertility in terms of birth rates 

for the same periods. 

Seasonally Adiusted Fertility Rates, 1933–63 

Figures 8 and 9 show the underlying trend in 

the fertility rate by month for the United States 

in terms of the trend-cycle. The fertility rate 

for white and nonwhite women combined fluctuated 

between 75 and 81 births per 1,000 women 15-44 

years of age between 1933 and 1940, reaching a 

low of about 75 in November 1936. The rate began moving upward sharply in early 1941 attaining 

a peak during World War H of 100 in December 

1942. By the end of the war it had fallen to 82 in 

December 1945. In the following 12 months the 

fertility rate increased by 50 percent to 124, 

reaching the peak of the postwar “baby boom” 

in December 1946, and subsided in a year’s time 

to 107. From 1948 a gradual upward movement 

occurred culminating in July 1957, when the rate 

was 124 births per 1,000 women 15-44 years. 

Since 1957 the rate has declined gradually with 

two interruptions—one in the spring of 1959 and 

the other in the winter of 1960. By the end of 

1963 the fertility rate was 109, about the same 

level as after the World War II peak. 

For white and nonwhite women fertility rates 

by month have followed very similar paths since 

1942, the first date for which data are available to 

make these comparisons. Figure 9 indicates that 

the fertility of nonwhite women responded less to 

the demobilization after World War 11 than that 

12 
OBSERVED RATES 

28 r 

27 

26 

o 

0 25 

0


—-


Ix 24 w 

n 

23 

22 

~26r 

a~ 

w_125 - rL3 

w% 

~n24 ­

ao o 

0 23 —-

IIllllllllli 

1957 

Figure 7. United States


(By month of occurrence.


SEASONAL COMPONENT 

‘ 110 

m 

z 

-1 

I I I


I I 90


TREND-CYCLE COMPONENT 

IRREGULAR COMPONENT 

— 105 

100	 # 

o 

m —	 95 z 

-1 

II I	 I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 I I I I I 90 

1958 1959 1960 

birth rates, by month: observed data and seasonal, trend-cycle, and irre9ular


components, 1957-60.


Rates on an annual basis per 1,000 populat on for specified month. Based on


data in table 5)


13

140 

135 -

— Tr,nd. <,cl, 130	 — . . . . . . . . ...1Smm.aw .wustad rat., 

Figure 8. United States fertility rates, by month:


(By month of occurrence. Rates on an annual basis per 1,000 women aged


of white women. The fertility rate increasedby 

54 percent for white women from the endof 1945 

to the end of 1946; for nonwhite women the increase was 26 percent. After the 1946 peak,however, the fertility rate for white women declined 

almost continuously until themiddleof1950, while 

the rate for nonwhite women declined for only 

a year, soon equaling then surpassing the 1946 

high. During the 1950’s rates for both white and 

nonwhite women moved upward, gradually attainingin mid-1957 the highest recorded levels— 

119 births per 1,000 women 15-44 years for 

white women and 165 for nonwhite. Since 1957 

the general trend for Imthcolor groups has been 

downward, although there have been cyclical 

interruptions in the trend which were not experienced simultaneously by both groups. The 

nonwhite fertility rate reached two well-defined 

peaks after 1957–one in December 1958 (164) 

and the other in February 1961 (161). For white 

women the downward movement in the fertility 

rate was interrupted three times after 1957, 

reaching peaks in March 1959 (116), September 

1960 (116), and March 1962 (114). By the end 

of 1963 fertility rates for white and nonwhite 

women were, respectively, 9 and 10 percent below the high figure for 1957. 

CONCLUSION 

Since 1933, changes have occurred in the 

seasonal pattern of births in the United States, 

although these changes have been largely shifts 

in intensity rather than in the basic shape of the 

distribution. The changes are concentrated among 

nonwhite births, where there has been a general 

increase in the proportion of births during the 

second half of the year and, especially during the 

1940’s, an increase in the amplitude of monthto-month changes in the number of births. For 

14

140 

— T,md-cy cl.


!,-$-.”s.. S,.s0”.117 .djusled role, 135


“’ -y - 105 

*1: 

.=. f - 100 

- 95 

90 

- 85 

- 80 

- 75 

- 70 

~ 0 19.?9 1950 !951 1952 1953 19s4 1955 1956 [957 195s ,959 1960 196! 1962 1963 

trend-cycle and seasonally adjusted rates, 1933-63.


15-W years estimated for specified month. Based on data in table 3) 

white births the seasonal indexes have shown 

less change. 

Geographic differences in seasonality persisted throughout the period, with the greatest 

seasonal fluctuation occurring in theSouthRegion 

among white and nonwhite births alike. The least 

seasonality in births was exhibited in the Northeast. With the exception of the Northeast, the 

amplitude of the white and nonwhite distributions 

were similar, suggesting that geographic factors 

are more closely associated with seasonality 

than socioeconomic factors. 

Since 1933 seasonality has increased for the 

United States as awhole, although this appearsto 

be largely due to changes in the pattern ofnonwhite births. That these changes are not due 

merely to interregional migration is indicated 

by the intensity of seasonal fluctuations increasing 

sharply for nonwhite births in several geographic 

regions. For nonwhite births in the South the 

standard deviation of annual seasonal indexes 

increased by 60 percent between 1943 and 1963. 

The apparent uniformity of the seasonal distribution of births within the United States from 

one geographic region to another contrasts sharply 

with the seasonal patterns of other countries, 

even those of the countries bordering the United 

States. Among those countries used as illustrations, South Australia exhibited seasonal variations most simil m to those of this country, 

while many of the European nations, highly 

similar to each other, displayed patterns distinctly different from that of the United States. 

Similar patterns, then, were observed in areas 

widely separated geographically and culturally, 

while different patterns were observed in contiguous geographic areas among different socioeconomic groups, between the urban and rural 

populations of India, and among the residents 

of different census tracts in Baltimore, Maryland. 

15


48 
1


I 

170


165 -


160


Is -

150 

145 ­ .J...ult. ..%$. 

Nonwhlie ~..” ., ,,,.s.,.’,?” 

140 .,,+ %,,,a,,..o ,,,. 

~d 

,,.,., 

135 - ,,,..’.“’’’’’’’’f.ti$+,ii.$+ 

,,,,,,,”,,,,,” #. ,,,,.

# 

130 — .$ 

125 - ~~ 

;: 

: 

120 

:~ 

115 - :-

110 

...$ 

,,,,*...” 

105 -

100 

95 -

90 

85 -

80 

75 -

o~ Jllllll1111111111111 1111111 lllllllllllllllll 1111111[1111111111111111
 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 

Figure 9. United States fertility rates,


(By month of occurrence. Rates on an annual basis per 1,000 women aged


Explanations for the seasonality of births 

have been sought in certain social phenomena, 

such as the occurrence of major holidays and 

periods of increased numbers of marriages, and 

in the physical environment, particularly from 

the effect ofhigh temperatures. While statistically 

significant relations have been describedbetween 

seasonality of births and a number of variables, 

the validity of these relationships remains to be 

demonstrated. Basic questions still remain, for 

example, as to whether seasonality of births 

reflects differences in conception rates .or in 

fetal mortality rates. Socioeconomic differences 

in seasonality may result from either. Further 

studies may bring to light some of the factors 

directly responsible for seasonal variation in 

births. 

Monthly births and birth rates are subject 

not only to a remarkably stable pattern of seasonal variation but also to trend, cycIical, and 

irregular movements. Establishing the seasonal 

distribution and the magnitude of the irregular 

16

,,...” Nonwhite 

..*.’’’’’”’’m” 

#*”%.~ 

*..’ 

“’...,, .. 

..,,, _ .4I*’ .,,,,. <1-’ “’’’’’’’’.l.?,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,.._%.,,,,, 

,,6,,,.. ,,.. 

‘...,, 

160 

/ 

# ...%. “,,*,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..+ ““”%,*”,,,,, - 155 

..%,,,,,, ..$.+*%,,+, - 165 

... “% 

~,,,...“..,,..” ‘“‘“ ““%,,,,,,,,,, 

.@ %.,- [50 

.> 

.=* 

,#+’ - 145 

140 

- 135 

w 

~ 

150 

j 

- 125 “~ \ 

120€ $ 

g 

< 

- 105 g 

w 

w 

- 100 

- 95 

90 

- 85 

80 

- 75 

11111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111111 1111111111 0 

[953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 

by color by month: trend-cycle, 1942-63.


15-W years estimated for specified month. Based on data in table 4)


movements for births makes it possible to adjust birth rates and fertility rates for these 

factors and to study the relations between seasonally adjusted rates and other factors. Seasonally adjusted birth rates and fertility rates 

are shown in this report fortheperiod 1933-63 

for all births and for white and nonwhite births 

for 1942-63. 

Except where noted otherwise, seasonal indexes for geographic regions and color groups 

and seasonal adjustment of time series in this 

report were based on a new method of seasonal 

adjustment. The results of the new method are 

consistent with those presented inearlierreports. 

In view of thevery large frequencies underlying the seasonal indexes in the United States 

and of the persistent shape of the distribution, 

tests of significance of seasonality were not 

presented in this report. They were carried 

out in an earlier report in which seasonality 

was found to be highly significant at the 0.001 

level.l 

17


0 
REFERENCES


lNationaI office of Vital Statistic: Seasonal variation 

in the crude birth rate, by S. Shapiro and E. H. Halpin. Vitol 

Statistics-Special Reports, Vol. 23, No. 17. Public Health 

Service. Washington, D. C., Dec. 1947. 

‘2National office of Vital Statistics: Seasonal variation 

of births in the United States, 1948-54, by D. E. Waggoner 

and J. Schachter. Vital Statistics–Special Reports, Vol.47, 

No. 4. Public Health Service. Washington, D. C., Apr. 1959. 

3Rosenberg, H. M; Seaeonal adjustment of vital statistics by electronic computer. Przb.HeaZth Rep. 80:201-210. 

Mar. 1965. 

40ettingen, A., Die Moralstatistik, 1882; Levasseur, E. > 

La population Francaise, Vol. II, 1891; Von Mayr, B., Statistik and Gesell-schaftslehre, Vol. II, 1897; Villerme, “De la 

distribution par mois des conceptions, ” AnnaZes d’ hygiene, 

Vol. V, 1831; Quetelet, A., Physique social, Vol. I, 1869. 

Cited in Sorokin, Pitirim, Contemporary Sociological Theortes, 

New York, Harper and Brothers, 1928. 

5For Canada, Sweden, West Germany, Union of South Africa, Japan, Mexico,, and Chile, distributions are based on 

birtb rates by month, published in Monthly BuUetin of Statistics, New York, Statistical Office of the United Nations, 

1958, 1959, and 1960. Data on numbers of birtbs during the 

period 1957-59 for these countries are from the Demographic 

Yearbook, 1960, New York, Statistical Office of the United 

Nations, 1960. Data for England and Wales are ~blished in 

the Registrar General’s Statistical Review of England and 

Wales, 1957 and 1959, Part III, London, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1959 and 1961; for South Australia, in Statistical Register of South Australia, 1961-62, Part 11, Adelaide, 

S. A., Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, 1964; 

for.4ustralia, in Demography, 1962’, Bulletin No. 80 Canberra, 

Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, 1963; for the 

United States, in Vital Statistics of the United States, 1963, 

Volume I. Registration of births is believed to be virtually 

complete for all countries except Mexico and Chile. 

6United Nations: Handbook of Vital Statistics Methods. 

Studies in Methods, Series F, No. 7. New York, Statistical 

Office of the United Nations, Apr. 1955. pp. 83-86. 

7Takabashi, E.: Seasonal variation of conception and suicide. Tohoku J. Exper.Med. 84219, 220, 222, Dec. 1964. 

8Cowgill, U.: Recent variations in the season of birth in 

Puerto Rico. Proc.Natn.Acad. Sci., U.S.A. 52:1151, Nov. 1964. 

YKosambi, D. and Raghavachari, S-: Seasonal variation in 

the Indian birthrate. Ann. Eugenics, 16:173,176, 190,1951-

52. 

10Based on first births to white women married 1945-49, 

found in table 160f “Marriages, Fertility, and Childspacing, 

August 1959, ” by W. H. Grabrill and R. Parke, Jr., Current 

Population Reports, P-20, No. 108, Washington, D. C., U.S. 

Bureau of the Census, July 1961. 

llChang, K., Chan, S., Low, W., and Ng, C.: Climate and 

conception rates in Hong Kong Human BioZ. 35(3):373, 374, 

367, Sept. 1963. 

l%asamanick, B., Dinitz, S., and Knoblock, H.: Socioeconomic andseasonal variations in birthrates. Milbank Mere. 

Fund@a~t. 38:250, 253, 254, July 1960. 

13Hewi,tt, D.: A possible seasonaI effect on parturition. 

Am. J. Obst.and Gynec. 82:940-942, 0ct. 1961. 

14Pasamanick, B., Dinitz, S., and Knoblock, H.: Geographic 

and seasonal variations in births. Pub. Health Rep. 74+287, 

Apr. 1959. 

15Hotelling, II. and Hotelling, F.: Causes of birth fluctuations. J. Am. Statist.A. 26(174) :135-149, June 1931. 

16Kirk, D.: The influence of business cycleson marriage 

and birth rates. Demographic and Economic Change in DeveJoped Cormtries. Princeton, New Jersey. Princeton University Press, 1961. pp. 241-260. 

17 Foradiscpssion ofanothercomponent-the “tradingday” 

component (TD)–considered important in some series, see A. 

Young, Estimating Trading-Day Variation in Month~y Economio 

Time Series, Technical Paper No. 12, Washington, D. C,, U.S. 

Bureau of the Census, 1964. 

18Estimated by the relationship ~2 =~2+~2+~2 recommended byJ. Bongard on priges 181-1840 f’’Notes on Characteristics of Seasonal Variation in Europe,’’ SeasonaZ Adj~stment on Electronic Computers, New York, Organization for 

Economic Cooperation and Development, 1961. 

19 Crouton, F. and Cowmen, D,.. A ppiied General Statistics. 

Englewood Cliffs, N.J. Prentice-HalI, Inc., 1955. pp. 240-

393. 

20Shiskin, J.: Electronic Computers and Business lndicatom. Occasional Paper 57. New York, National Bureau of 

Economic Research, Inc., 1957. 

21 Bureau of Labor Statistics: The BLS Seasonal Factor 

Method (1964). U.S. Department of Labor. Washington, Q. C., 

Apr. 1964. 

22Shiskin, J., Young, A., and Musgrave, J.: The X-11 Var+ 

ant of the Census Method 11 Seasonal Adjustment program. 

Technical Paper No. 15. Washington, D. C., U.S. Bureau 

of the Census, 1965. 

18 
DETAILED TABLES 

Page


Table 1.	 Seasonal indexes oi?live births and standard deviation of seasonal indexes: United


States and each geographic region, 1933-63-------------------------------------- 21


2.	 Seasonal indexes of live births and standard deviation of seasonal indexes, by


color: United States and each geographic region, 1942-63------------------------ 26


3.	 Fertility rates by month; observed rates, seasonally adjusted rates, and trend-


cycle: United States, l933-63--------------------------------------------------- 31


4.	 Fertility rates by month and color; observed rates; seasonally adjusted rates,


and trend-cycle: United States, 1942-63----------------------------------------- 34


5.	 Birth rates bymonth; observed rates , seasonally adjusted rates, and trend-cycle:


United States, l933-63---------------------------------------------------------- 36


6.. Birth rates by month and color; observed rates, seasonally adjusted rates, and


trend-cycle: United States, l942-63--------------------------------------------- 39


19

Table. 1. Seasonal indexes”of live births and standard deviation of seasonal indexes: United States and each ~eo­
 graphic region, 1933-63


(Notes
b tables given on page V) 

Standard 

deviation Area and year of seaaonal 

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept, Ott. Nov. Dec. 

United States


1963------------ 96.4 98.5 98.0 95.0 94.2 97.3 103.2 106.9 108.6 102.s 99.4 99.6 4.5


1962------------ 96.4 98.5 98.1 94.9 94.0 97.5 103.4 106.7 108.7 102.$ 99.4 99.6 4.6


1961------------ 96.3 98.6 98.0 94.8 94.1 97.5 103.4 106.7 108.7 103.C 99.4 99.5 4.6


1960------------ 96.3 98.5 97.8 94.7 94.1 97.7 103.6 106.5 108.6 103.2 99.5 99.4 4.6


1959------------ 96.4 98.6 97.8 94.4 94.0 97.8 103.8 106.6 108.5 103.2 99.4 99.4 4.6


1958------------ 96.3 98.6 97.6 94.1 94.2 97.9 103.9 106.6 108.6 103.1 99.5 99.3 4.6


1957------------ 96.6 98.6 97.2 93.8 94.2 98.1 104.2 106.5 108.5 103.C 99.6 99.3 4.7


1956------------ 96.8 98.8 96.9 93.6 94.1 98.4 104.5 106.5 108.3 103.1 99.6 99.3 4.7


1955------------ 97.0 99.0 96.8 93.4 93.9 98.5 104.7 106.6 108.2 103.c 99.5 99.1 4.7


1954------------ 97.3 99.2 97.1 93.3 93.6 98.8 104.7 106.5 108.0 102.9 99.5 99.0 4.7


1953------------ 97.5 99.5 97.3 93.2 93.1 99.0 104.8 106.7 107.9 L02.8 99.3 98.8 4.8


1952------------ 97.7 99.6 97.6 93.2 93.0 99.0 104.9 106.6 107.7 102.8 99.4 98.5 4.7


1951------------ 98.2 LOO.O 98.1 93.1 92.4 99.2 104.6 106.6 107.5 102.7 99.5 98.3 4.7


1950------------ 98.5 LOO.O 98.3 93.0 92.4 99.2 104.3 106.5 107.3 102.8 99.5 98.0 4.7


1949------------ 98.6 100.0 98.4 93.2 92.4 99.1 103.7 106.2 107.2 103.1 99.8 98.0 4.5


1948------------ 98.9 LOO.O 98.2 93.3 92.6 99.0 103.4 106.0 107.1 103.1 100.1 98.1 4.4


1947------------ 99.2 100.2 97.9 93.3 92.8 98.7 103.3 105.9 106.9 102.8 100.3 98.3 4.3


1946------------ 99.3 LOO.. 2
 97.9 93.5 93.0 98.6 103.2 105.7 106.9 L02.7 100.3 98.2 4.3


1945------------ 99.6 LOO.6 98.0 94.0 93.2 98.7 103.0 105.5 107.0 L02.5 100.0 98.0 4.1


1944------------ 99.7 100.8 98.3 94.4 93.4 98.8 103.1 105.5 106.7 102.3 99.4 97.6 4.0


1943------------ 99.8 LO1.3 98.8 95.1 93.7 98.7 103.2 105.6 106.6 LO1.4 98.6 97.2 3.9


1942------------ 99.9 LO1.6 99.4 95.7 94.2 98.6 103.6 105.8 106.4 100.7 97.8 96.6 3.8


1941------------ 100.0 102.0 100.0 96.4 94.8 98.5 103.9 105.9 106.0 99.9 97.0 95.8 3.8


1940------------ 100.0 102.1 100.8 97.1 95.3 98.3 103.9 106.0 106.0 99.5 96.2 95.2 3.9


1939------------ 100.0 L02.5 101.3 97.3 95.9 98.4 104.1 105.8 105.6 98.9 95.8 94.7 3.9


1938------------ 99.9 102.4 101.4 97.5 96.2 98.7 104.4 105.9 105.2 98.7 95.4 94.4 3.9


1937------------ 100.0 L02.6 LO1.4 97.3 96.7 98.6 104.3 105.5 105.4 98.8 95.3 94.3 3.8


1936------------ 100.0 L02.5 101.5 97.4 96.9 98.6 104.1 105.2 105.3 98.7 95.5 94.3 3.7


1935------------ 100.1 102.7 101.4 97.2 97.3 98.8 104.0 105.0 105.2 98.4 95.6 94.5 3.6


1934------------ 100.0 102.7 101.4 97.1 97.5 98.9 103.7 L04.8 105.4 98.4 95.6 94.6 3.6


1933------------ 100.0 102.7 LO1.4 97.1 97.7 99.1 103.5 104.5 105.3 98.7 95.8 94.7 3.5

Table 1. Seasonal indexes of live birtha and standard deviation of seasonal indexes: United States and each geo­ graphic region, 1933-63—Ccm. 

(Notes to tablesgivenon pageV) 

Month Standard


deviation
 Area and year >f aeaaonal


Jan. !’eb. Ma. Apr. Hay July Aug. Sept. Ott. Nov. Dec. indexes 

Northeaat


1963------------


1962------------


1961------------


1960------------


1959------------


1958------------


1957------------


1956------------


1955------------


1954------------


1953------------


1952------------


1951------------


1950------------


1949------------


1948------------


1947------------


1946------------


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------


1942------------


1941------------


1940------------


1939------------


1938------------


1937------------


1936------------


1935------------


1934------------


1933------------


94.8 98.7 100.1 98.5 97.5 99.9 102.6 104.9 106.5 101.3 97.8 97.6 3.3 

94.9 98.8 100.2 98.3 97.4 100.1 102.8 104.2 106.5 101.3 97.8 97.6 3.3 

94.9 99.0 100.0 98.3 97.4 100.4 102.7 103.5 106.6 101.3 97.8 97.6 3.2 

95.1 99.1 99.9 98.5 97.8 100.5 102.8 103.1 106.5 101.5 98.0 97.6 3.1 

95.2 99.3 99.8 98.5 97.8 100.6 102.8 103.1 106.4 101.6 97.8 97.6 3.1 

95.2 99.2 99.7 98.6 98.3 100.6 102.9 102.7 106.1 101.5 98.0 97.6 2.9 

95.4 99.2 99.6 98.4 98.6 100.5 103.1 102.4 106.0 101.4 97.8 97.5 2.9 

95.5 99.3 99.5 98.5 98.7 100.6 103.3 102.5 105.6 101.1 97.7 97.5 2,8 

95.7 99.5 99.5 98.7 98.6 100.6 103.5 102.5 105.3 101.1 97.6 97.2 2.8 

95.9 99.5 99.9 98.6 98.5 100.6 103.7 102.8 105.2 101.1 97.4 97.0 2.8 

96.2 99.s 100.2 98.3 97.7 100.7 104.0 103.0 105.1 100.9 97.2 96.8 2.9 

96.4 99.8 100.5 98.0 97.3 100.7 104.3 103.0 105.0 101.1 97.4 96.6 3.0 

96.4 100.0 100.8 97.5 96.8 100.6 104.1 103.3 105.0 101.2 97.4 96,5 3.1 

96.7 100.0 101.0 97.5 96.3 101.1 103.9 103.4 104.9 101.5 97.8 96,4 3,1 

96.7 99.6 100.6 97.4 96.7 100.9 103.4 103.2 104.8 101.8 9s.3 96.3 2.9 

96.8 99.5 100.5 97.1 96.6 101.3 103.0 103.2 104.8 101.8 98.5 96.5 2.9 

97.2 99.5 99.9 96.7 97.1 101.8 103.2 103.1 104.5 101.5 99.0 96.6 2.8 

97.2 99.3 99.4 96.8 97.4 102.0 103.2 103.1 104.5 101.6 99.0 96.6 2.8 

97.3 99.6 99.3 96.7 97.9 102.2 103.0 103.0 104.3 101.4 98.9 96.5 2.7 

97.3 99.6 99.3 96.9 98.2 102.3 103.8 103.2 103.9 100.9 98.4 96.4 2.7 

97.3 99.9 99.5 97.4 98.1 102.2 104.6 103.5 103.7 100.3 97.9 96.1 2.9 

97.2 LOO.1 100.0 97.8 97.8 102.0 105.4 103.7 103.4 99.5 97.0 95.6 3.1 

97.4 100.4 100.4 98.5 98.0 101.8 106.4 104.1 103.1 98.8 96.4 95.2 3.3 

97.3 100.5 101.0 99.2 97.8 101.7 106.6 104.5 102.9 98.4 95.6 94.8 3.5 

97.4 Loo.7 101.5 99.6 97.9 101.8 107.1 104.4 102.4 97.7 95.3 94.5 3.7 

97,7 100.7 101.6 100.0 98.3 102.2 107.0 104.3 102.1 97.2 94.9 94.2 3.8 

98.1 100.9 101.7 99.9 9s.7 102.3 106.6 104.0 101.9 97.1 94.9 94.1 3.7 

98.1 101.0 101.9 99.9 99.3 102.5 106.1 104.0 101.4 96.8 94.8 94.2 3.6 

98.4 101.1 101.7 99.9 99.9 102.7 105.8 104.0 101.1 96.5 94.9 94.3 3.5 

98.4 101.1 101.7 99.8 100.4 102.9 105.3 103.7 101.0 96.3 94.9 94.5 3.4 

98.4 101.1 101.7 99.5 100.4 103.1 105.2 103.5 100.7 96.4 95.1 94.7 3.3 

22 
------

Table 1. Seasonal indexes of live births and standard deviation Of seasonal indexes: United States and each geo­
 graphic region, 1933-63—ton.


(Notes btables
given cm page V) 

Area and year


North Central


1963------------


1962-----x


1961------------


1960------------


1959------------


1958------------


1957------------


1956------------


L955------------


1954------------


1953------------


1952------------


1951------------


? 1950------------


1949------------


1948------------


1947------------


1946------------


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------


1942------------


1941------------


1940------------


1939------------


1938------------


1937------------


1936,----------.-


1935------------


1934------------


1933------------


Month Standard


deviation


of seasonal 

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Ott . Nov. Dec. indexes 

95.4 98.3 99.2 96.4 94.5 96.4 103.7 107.2 107.8 102.4 99.2 99.2 4.4 

95.3 98.4 99.3 96.3 94.4 97.0 103.8 106.6 107.8 102.4 99.2 99.2 4.3 

95.2 98.5 99.3 96.0 94.5 97.6 103.7 106.5 107.8 102.6 99.1 99.1 4.3 

95.3 98.5 99.1 95.8 94.6 98.2 104.0 106.1 107.7 102.9 99.2 98.9 4.2 

95.3 98.6 99.0 95.6 94.6 98.3 104.2 106.1 107.7 103.0 99.1 98.9 4.3 

95.3 98.7 98.4 95.1 94.8 98.8 104.5 105.9 107.7 103.0 99.1 98.8 4.3 

95.6 98.7 97.8 94.7 94.8 99.3 104.9 105.8 107.7 102.9 99.2 98.7 4.4 

95.8 98.8 97.3 94.4 94.9 99.4 105.1 106.0 107.6 102.9 99.2 98.6 4.4 

95.8 98.8 97.0 94.1 94.9 99.7 105.3 106.2 107.6 102.8 99.1 98.4 4.5 

95.9 98.8 97.0 94.3 94.8 100.1 105.4 106.1, 107.4 102.8 99.1 98.2 4.5 

96.0 99.0 97.2 94.2 94.3 100.2, 105.4 106.4 107.4 102.6 99.0 98.0 4.5 

96.1 99.1 97.7 94.2 94.3 100.3 105.4 106.4 107.2 102.6 99.0 97.6 4.5 

96.6 99.4 98.2 94.4 94.0 100.5 105.0 106.3 106.9 102.5 99.1 97.5 4.4 

96.8 99.4 98.4 94.0 94.3 100.4 104.7 106.2 106.6 102.7 99.0 97.2 4.3 

96.9 99.4 98.7 94.1 94.0 100.4 104.2 105.9 106.6 103.1 99.4 97.1 4.2 

97.4 99.4 98.4 93.8 94.3 100.3 104.0 105.8 106.3 103.1 99.6 97.2 4.1 

97.9 99.7 98.1 93.4 94.3 100.2 104.2 105.9 106.1 102.9 99.8 97.4 4.1 

98.1 99.6 98.0 93.6 94.5 100.0 104.1 105.8 106.0 102.7 99.8 97.4 4.0 

98.5 LOO.O 97.9 93.7 94.4 100.1 104.1 105.6 106.1 102.6 99.6 97.2 4.0 

98.8 LOO.2 98.1 94.0 94.4 100.2 104.4 105.6 106.0 102.1 99.2 96.9 4.0 

99.1 LOO.8 98.4 94.4 94.5 100.0 104.6 105.9: 105.8 101.5 98.5 96.5 4.0 

99.3 LO1.3 98.9 94.6 95.1 99.9 105.1 106.1 105.7 100.8 97.5 95.8 4.0 

99.5 LO1.6 99.4 95.0 95.5 99.7 105.3 106.3 105.6 100.3 96.7 95.1 4.1 

99.5 LO1.9 100.1 95.5 95.7 99.5 105.6 106.5 105.7 99.9 96.0 94.6 4.2 

99.5 L02.3 100.6 95.4 96.0 ‘99.6 105.7 106.3~ 105.3 99.3 95.6 94.1 ‘4.2 

99.5 L02.5 100.7 95.4 96.0 100.0 106.4 106.3 104.8 99.1 95.3 94.1 4.3 

99.7 L02.5 100.6 95.3 95.9 LOO.3 106.3 105.9 104.7 99.1 95.6 94.1 4.2 

I 

99.8 L02.4 LOO.7 95.4 95.9 LOO.6 106.2 105.5 104.7 98.5 95.8 94.4 4.1 

100.0 I-02.5 LOO.5 95.2 95.9 100.9 106.2 105.3 104.5 98.1 96.0 94.6 4.1 

100.0 L02.7 100.5 95.1 95.6 101.3 106.1 104.9 i 104.5 98.0 96.2 94.8 4.0 

100.0 L02.7 LOO.5 95.1 96.1 101.7 105.7 104.9 104.3 98.0 96.5 94.9 3.9 

23 
Table 1. Seaaonal indexes of live birtha and standard deviation of aeaaonal indexes: United States and each geo­
 graphic region, 1933-63—Con.


Area and year


1963------------


1962------------


1961------------


1960------------


1959------------


1958------------


1957------------


1956------------


1955------------


1954------------


1953------------


1952------------


1951------------


1950------------


1949------------


1948------------


1947------------


1946------------


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------


1942------------


1941------------


1940------------


1939------------


1938------------


1937------------


1936------------


1935------------


1934------------


1933-----------­


(Nolcs to labl es given on PIWOV) 

Month Standard 

- deviation 

of seasonal Jan. Feb. Mar. ipr. May June July Aug. Sept. Ott . Nov. Dec. indexes 

99.7 99.6 96.0 89.8 88.6 93.5 103.2 109.8 111.7 105.0 101.5 101.7 7.2 

99.8 99.4 96.0 89.8 88.3 93.8 103.3 109.8 111.7 105.0 101.5 101.7 7.2 

99.8 99.4 95.9 89.7 88.3 93.9 103.3 109.8 111.8 105.1 101.6 101.5 7.2 

99.8 99.2 95.7 89.7 88.3 94.0 103.5 109.7 111.7 105.3 101.6 101.5 7.2 

99.9 99.1 95.8 89.6 88.0 94.2 103.7 109.9 111.6 105.4 101.7 101.5 7.3 

99.8 99.2 95.6 89.3 88.0 94.2 103.7 110.2 111.8 105.2 101.7 101.4 7.4 

99.9 99.1 95.5 89.0 87.9 94.5 103.9 110.1 111.8 104.9 101.9 101.5 7.4 

100.3 99.4 95.2 88.6 87.7 94.9 104.3 110.0 111.5 104.9 101.8 101.6 7.5 

100.5 99.9 95.3 88.2 87.4 95.0 104.7 110.1 111.4 104.7 101.7 101.4 7.5 

100.8 100.1 95.6 87.7 87.3 95.3 104.8 109.8 110.9 104.5 101.5 101.2 7.5 

101.4 100.7 96.1 87.2 86.9 95.6 104.7 109.9 110.6 104.2 101.2 101/o 7.5 

102.0 101.2 96.4 86.7 86.9 95.7 105.0 109.8 110.3 104.2 101.3 100.9 7.6 

102.4 101.6 96.7 86.3 86.7 96.0 104.7 109.5 110.0 104.3 101.2 100.7 7.6 

102.7 101.9 96.7 86.5 86.8 95.8 104.2 109.2 109.9 104.5 101.1 100.5 7.6 

102.7 102.0 97.2 88.5 86.7 95.4 103.1 108.7 109.6 104.5 101.2 100.2 7.1 

102.9 102.0 97.0 89.3 87.2 95.0 102.6 108.3 109.6 104.3 101.3 100.3 6.8 

103.1 102.4 96.9 89.6 87.4 94.8 102.3 108.2 109.6 103.9 101.3 100.4 6.7 

103.2 102.5 97.1 90.1 87.7 94.7 102.2 108.0 109.4 103.6 101.1 100.1 ‘6.6 

103.4 103.1 97.5 91.0 88.1 94.4 101.7 107.7 109.5 103.4 100.4 99.4 6.4 

103.6 103.3 98.3 91.9 88.4 94.5 101.7 107.3 109.3 103.2 99.6 98.4 6.1 

103.8 104.1 99.2 93.1 88.8 94.6 101.5 107.3 109.3 102.3 98.6 97.8 5.9 

103.7 104.4 100.0 94.2 89.5 94.5 101.5 107.L 109.0 101.4 97.8 96.6 5.7 

103.7 105.0 100.8 95.4 89.9 94.6 101.5 107.0 108.6 100.9 97.0 95.7 5.6 

103.& 105.3 101.4 96.2 91.0 94.3 101.3 106.7 108.5 100.5 95.9 95.0 5.5 

103.2 105.7 102.0 96.8 91.9 94.4 101.4 106.6 108.5 100.3 95.2 94.4 5.4 

102.7 105.6 102.2 97.0 92.6 94.8 101.7 106.5 108.3 99.8 94.8 94.2 5.3 

102.5 105.6 101.9 97.0 93.8 94.5 101.6 106.3 108.4 99.9 94.8 93.9 5.2 

102.L 105.5 102.0 97.1 93.9 94.4 101.7 106.L 108.4 99.8 95.1 93.8 5.1 

102.4 105.5 101.8 96.9 94.4 94.5 101.6 105.8 L08.3 99.6 95.0 93.8 5.0 

102.4 105.4 101.9 96.8 94.4 94.6 101.7 105.7 108.7 99.7 95.0 93.8 5.1 

102.4 105.4 101.9 96.8 94.4 94.6 101.8 105.4 108.6 99.7 95.4 93.9 5.1 

24 
Table 1. Seasonal indexes of live births and standard deviation of seasonal indexes: United States and each ~eo­
 graphic region, 1933-63—Con.


(Notes to tables given on pageV) 

# 

Standard


deviation
 Area and.year


Jan. ?eb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Ott . Sov.Dec. of seasonal 

indexes


1963------------ 94.4 97.2 98.3 97.1 98.5 100.6 102.8 104.5 107.3 102.3 

T_ 

98.3 99.0
 3.6 

1962------------ 94.3 97.2 98.3 97.2 98.4 100.5 102.9 104.4 107.4 102.3 98.3 99.0 3.6 

1961------------ 94.2 97.2 98.3 97.2 98,4 100.4 102.9 104.3 107.4 102.3 98.3 99.1 3.6 

1960------------ 94.1 97.1 98.2 97.2 98.4 100.5 103.1 104.3 107.3 102.4 98.4 99.0 3.7 

1959------------ 94.1 97.1 98.2 97.3 98.4 100.5 103.2 104.3 107.3 102.4 98.5 99.0 3.7 

1958------------ 94.0 97.0 98.3 97.1 98.3 100.5 103.5 104.3 107.2 102.4 98.6 98.9 3.7 

1957------------ 94.0 97.0 98.3 97.0 98.3 100.5 103.7 104.3 107.2 102.3 98.6 98.9 3.7 

1956------------ 94.0 97.0 98.5 97.1 98.1 100.6 103.7 104.5 107.1 102.3 98.6 98.8 3.7 

1955------------ 94.3 97.2 98.4 96.7 98.1 100.5 103.7 104.6 106.9 101.9 98.5 98.7 3.7 

1954------------ 94.7 97.4 98.7 96.7 98.3 100.7 103.7 104.6 106.7 102.0 98.4 98.5 3.6 

1953------------ 95.0 97.7 98.9 96.6 98.4 100.7 103.6 104.7 106.6 101.5 98.2 98.2 3.5 

1952------------ 95.3 97.9 98.9 96.7 98.4 100.8 103.5 104.7 106.3 101.4 98.2 97.8 3.4 

1951------------ 95.8 98.0 98.9 96.9 98.6 100.7 103.3 104.8 106.0 101.2 98.3 97.7 3.2 

1950------------ 96.1 98.0 98.8 97.0 98.7 100.6 103.3 104.8 105.9 101.0 98.2 97.3 3.2 

1949------------ 96.4 98.0 98.6 97.2 99.0 100.6 103.2 104.5 105.6 101.3 98.8 96.7 3.1 

1948------------ 96.7 97.9 98.6 97.6 98.9 100.4 103.1 104.1 105.5 101.1 98.9 96.8 2.9 

1947------------ 97.0 98.0 98.4 97.8 98.6 100.5 103.0 104,2 105.4 100.9 99.0 97.0 2.8 

1946------------ 97.0 97.9 98.4 98.0 98.4 100.7 103.2 104.0 105.5 100.9 98.8 96.9 2.9 

1945------------ 97.2 98.1 98.7 98.1 98.7 101.0 103.2 103.8 105.2 100.8 98.5 96.8 2.8 

1944------------ 97.2 98.2 98.8 98.4 99.0 101.5 103.3 103.4 105.1 100.8 98.0 96.3 2.8 

1943------------ 97.0 98.5 99.3 98.6 99.5 101.7 103.1 103.5 104.7 100.4 97,6 96.1 2.7 

1942------------ 97.0 98.6 99.8 99.0 99.7 102.0 103.2 104.0 104.3 100.I 97.1 95.4 2.9 

1941------------ 97.1 98.7 100.0 99.0 ,00.2 102.4 103.3 104.0 103.9 99.7 96.5 94.8 3.0 

1940------------ 97.2 98.6 100.4 99.2 ,00.6 102.4 103.6 104.1 103.7 99.6 96.1 94.5 3.1 

1939------------ 97.5 98.7 100.5 99.4 ,01.0 102.4 103.5 104.2 103.3 99.1 96.0 94.4 3.1 

1938------------ 97.6 98.4 100.5 99.6 .01.0 102.3 103.8 104.4 103.2 98.6 95.8 94.4 3.2 

1937------------ 98.0 98.5 100.7 99.6 ,00.7 102.1 103.8 104.4 103.1 98.5 96.0 94.9 3.0 

1936------------ 98.3 98.4 100.6 99.7 .00.6 102.2 103.7 104.0 103;1 98.2 96.2 95.2 2.9 

1935------------ 98.5 98.4 100.6 99.6 .00.7 102.0 103.7 103.8 103.1 97.9 96.4 95.5 2.8 

1934------------ 98.6 98.4 100.6 99.8 .00.5 101.7 103.5 103.9 102.9 97.7 96.7 95.9 2.6 

1933------------ 98.6 98’.4 100.6 100.0 .00.4 101.7 103.0 103.6 103.0 97.7 96.7 96.1 2.5 

25 
------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

Table 2. Seasonal indexes of live births and standard deviation of seasonal indexes, by color: United States and
 each geographic regim, 1942-63


(Notes btables given
onpageV)


Area, color,
 and year


UNITED STATES


1963------------


1962------------


1961------------


1960------------


1959------------


1958------------


1957------------


1956


1955------------


1954------------


1953


1952------------


1951------------


1950------------


1949------------


1948------------


1947------------


1946


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------


1942------------


Nonwhite


1963------------


1962------------


1961


1960------------


1959------------


195s------------


1957------------


1956------------


1955------------


1954------------


1953------------


1952------------


1951------------


1950------------


1949------------


1948------------


1947------------


1946------------


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------


1942


Month


Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Dct. NOv . Dec. 

95.3 98.C 98,3 95.8 95.2 97.5 102.8 106.4 108.3 103.3 99.5 99.4


95.3 98.1 98.5 95.8 95.0 97.6 103.0 106.1 108.4 103.3 99.5 99.4


95.3 98.2 98.4 95.6 95.0 97.9 102.9 106.0 108.4 103.5 99.4 99.4


95.3 98.2 98.3 95.5 95.1 98.1 103.1 105.8 108.3 103.7 99.5 99.3


95.4 98.? 98.3 95.5 94.9 98.0 103.2 106.0 108.2 103.7 99.5 99.3


95.3 98.2 97.8 95.0 95.0 98.3 103.4 106.1 108.4 103.7 99.5 99.2


95.6 98.3 97.5 94.7 95.0 98.5 103.7 106.0 108.3 103.5 99.7 99.2


95.8 98.5 97.1 94.5 94.9 98.6 104.0 106.1 108.1 103.4 99.7 99.1


96.0 98.6 97.0 94.2 94.6 98.7 104.3 106.3 108.0 103.2 99.7 99.0


96.3 98.8 97.2 94.0 94.4 99.0 104.4 106.2 107.9 103.2 99.7 98.8


96.7 99.1 97.5 93.7 93.9 99.2 104.4 106.4 107.8 103.0 99.5 98.6


96.9 99.2 97.7 93.6 93.7 99.2 104.5 106.3 107.7 103.L 99.6 98.4


97.3 99.4 98.0 93.6 93.1 99.4 104.4 106.4 107.5 103.2 99.7 98.3


97.6 99.4 98.1 93.2 93.0 99.4 104.2 106.4 107.4 103.4 99.7 98.0


97.8 99.3 98.1 93.4 92.9 99.3 103.7 106.1 107.3 103.7 100.1 97.9


98.1 99.3 97.9 93.3 93.0 99.2 103.4 106.0 107.3 103.8 100.4 98.0


98.5 99.4 97.5 93.2 93.1 99.0 103.3 105.8 107.3 103,7 100.6 98.2


98.7 99.3 97.2 93.3 93.1 98.8 103.3 105.7 107.4 103.9 100.7 98,3


98.9 99.4 96.9 93.5 93.3 98.8 103.0 105.4 107.8 103.9 100.7 98.2


99.1 99.3 96.7 93.5 93.4 98.8 103.1 105.3 107.9 104.0 100.7 98.2


99.1 99.6 96.6 93.7 93.3 98.6 103.1 105.3 108.2 104.0 100.6 98.3


99.1 99.6 96.6 93.6 93.4 98.5 103.4 105.4 108.5 103.7 100.4 98.3


102.4 101.3 96.4 90.2 89.6 94.6 104.9 109.9 110.3 101.L 99.2 100.2 

102.4 101.2 96.4 90.1 89.4 94.7 105.3 110.0 110.1 101.1 99.2 100.2 

102.4 101.C 96.4 90.1 89.5 94.6 105.3 109.9 110.1 101.2 99.3 100.1 

102.3 100.8 96,4 90.0 89.5 95.0 105.7 109.7 109.9 101.3 99.2 100.0 

102.4 100.7 96.5 89.9 89.4 95.4 105.9 109.9 109.8 101.2 99.2 100.0 

102.3 100.7 96.4 89.4 89.5 96.1 106.2 109.8 109.4 100.9 99.2 99.8 

102.3 100.7 96.2 89.2 89.7 96.6 106.3 109.7 109.4 100.7 99.2 99.8 

102.5 101.0 96.1 88.9 89.7 97.2 106.6 109.4 109.0 100.6 99.2 99.9 

102.,7 101.5 96.5 88.7 89.7 97.3 106.7 109.1 108.8 100.5 98.9 99.8 

102.8 101.8 97.3 S8.7 89.5 97.7 106.7 108.8 108.6 100.2 98.5 99.7 

103.2 102.6 97.8 88.6 89.1 97.9 106.4 108.6 108.3 99.8 98.2 99.6 

103.4 103.0 98.3 88.9 89.2 97.8 106.4 108.I. 107.8 99.7 98.0 99.4 

103.7 103.5 99.1 S9.4 88.9 97.9 106.0 107.6 107.3 99.5 97.8 99.4 

104.1 104.1 99.3 90.0 89.1 97.7 105.3 107.3 107.1 99.4 97.6 99.2 

104.0 104.3 99.7 90.s 89.4 97.0 104.7 106.7 106.9 99.5 97.6 99.0 

104.2 104.4 99.7 91.9 90.0 96.6 103.9 106.2 106.6 99.2 97.9 99.2 

104.4 104.7 99.6 92.3 90.1 96.3 103.5 106.0 106.5 98.8 98.0 99.5 

104.4 104.4 100.0 92.8 90.6 96.1 103.4 105.8 106.3 98.7 98.0 99.6 

104.3 104.4 99.9 93.3 90.9 96.1 102.9 105.7 106.4 98.4 97.9 99.9 

104.4 104.2 99.9 93.4 91.3 96.1 102.9 105.7 106.4 98.3 97.8 99.9 

104.0 104.2 100.0 93.s 91.3 96.1 102.9 105.7 106.3 98.0 97.5 100.2 

104.0 104.2 100.0 94.1 91.4 96.1 103.0 105.8 106.3 97.5 97.4 99.8 

Standard


deviatim


>f seasonal


indexes


4.3


4.3


4.3


4.3


4.3


4.4


4.4


4.4


4.5


4.5


4.6


4.6


4.6


4.6


4.5


4.5


4.5 -


4.5


4.4


4.5


4.5


4.6


6.6


6.7


6.7


6.6


6.6


6.6


6.6


6.6


6.5


6.5


6.5


6.3


6.2


6.0


5.7


5.4


5.3


5.1


5.0


4.9


4.8


4.8


,26 
------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

Table 2. Seasonalindexesof livebirths and standarddeviationof seasonalindexes.. bv.
color:United Statesand


each geographicregion,1942-63—Con.


(Notes to tables given on page V) 

Area, color,


and year


Jan.


NORTHEAST


m


1963


1962


1961


1960


1959


1958


1957


1956


1955


1954------------


1953


1952


1951


1950


1949


L948------------


1947


1946


1945


1944


1943


1942


Nonwhite


1963


1962


1961------------


1960


1959


1958


94.2


94.3


94.2


94.3


94.5


94.7


94.9


95.1


95.3


95.6


95.9


96.0


96.2


96.4


96.6


96.8


97.2


97.4


97.6


97.9


98.0


98.0


98.5


98.9


99.3


99.4


99.8


99.8


1957 100.0


1956 99.8


1955 99.6


1954------------ 99.4


1953 99.8


1952 99.9


1951 100.2


1950 100.2


1949 100.4


1948 100.5


1947 100.9


1946 100.6


1945 100.5


1944 100.6


1943 100.4


1942 100.4


Month Standard 

deviation 

>f seasonal 

?eb. ~ar. kpr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. indexes 

97.3 99.5 98.8 97.8 99.3 102.6 105.0 107.2 102.4 98.0 97.7 3.7


97.6 99.8 98.6 97.7 99.5 102.7 104.5 107.1 102.4 98.0 97.7 3.6


98.0 99.6 98.6 97.7 99.9 102.6 104.1 107.1 102.3 97.9 97.6 3.5


98.3 99.6 98.7 98.0 100.1 102.5 103.5 106.8 102.4 98.0 97.6 3.3


98.7 ’99.6 98.7 98.0 100.1 102.4 103.4 106.7 102.4 97.9 97.5 3.3


99.2 100.C 99.2 98.6 100.8 102.2 102’.2105.9 102.0 97.9 97.6 2.9


99.2 99.8 98.9 99.1 100.7 102.3 101.9 105.8 101.7 97.9 97.4 2.8


99.3 99.8 99.0 99.2 100.7 102.6 102.0 105.5 101.4 97.7 97.4 2.7


99.4 99.7 99.2 99.1 100.7 102.9 102.1 105.2 101.4 97.7 97.1 2.7


99.4 100.2 99.0 98.9 100.7 103.2 102.4 105.1 101.3 97.5 96.9 2.7


99.7 100.5 98.5 98.3 100.7 103.5 102.7 105.0 101.1 97.3 96.6 2.8


99.7 LOO.8 98.2 97.9 100.8 103.9 102.8 104.9 101.3 97.5, 96.4 2.9


99.9 101.0 97.7 97.3 100.7 103.9 103.1 104.9 101.4 97.5 96.3 3.0


99.7 100.9 97.5 96.8 101.1 103.7 103.3 104.8 101.6 97.7 96.2 3.0


99.5 100.6 97.4 97.0 101.0 103.3 103.2 104.7 101.9 98.2 96.2 2.9


99.4 100.5 97.0 96.8 101.4 103.0 103.3 104.8 102.0 98.5 96.4 2.9


99.4 99.5 96.8 97.2 101.8 103.1 103.1 104.6 101.8 99.0 96.6 2.8


99.2 98.8 96.8 97.3 101.8 102.9 103.1 104.7 102.0 99.2 96.8 2.8


99.3 98.2 96.7 97.8 102.0 102.7 103.0 105.0 101.8 99.4 96.9 2.8


99.2 97.9 96.5 98.3 101.8 102.7 102.8 104.9 101.7 99.4 97.0 2.7


99.3 97.5 96.5 98.3 101.8 102.7 102.9 105.1 101.8 99.5 97.1 2.7


99.3 97.5 96.3 98.2 101.7 102.9 103.0 105.2 101.6 99.3 97.0 2.8


98.7 95.5 93.1 93.7 97.6 106.6 107.9 108.9 99.8 99.6 100.2 5.2 

98.8 96.0 92.4 93.3 98.1 106.9 107.3 108.7 99.8 99.6 100.2 5.2 

99.1 95.7 92.7 93.4 97.6 107.0 107.8 108.9 99.4 99.0 99.8 5.3 

98.9 96.1 92.7 93.6 98.0 106.9 108.0 108.5, 99.7 98.6 99.3 5.2 

99.1 96.6 92.0 93.6 98.4 107.2 108.2 107.9 99.5 98.4 99.5 5.3 

99.3 96.6 92.3 94.1 99.0 107.1 108.0 107.4 99.5 98.2 99.0 5.1 

99.3 96.8 92.5 93.7 99.4 107.3 108.0 107.2 99.2 98.0 98.8 5.1 

99.2 97.2 92.0 ‘93.5 100.4 107.7 107.8 106.6 99.0 97.9 98.7 5.1 

99.6 96.8 92.3 93.5 100.6 107.6 107.9 106.4 98.9 97.6 99.1 5.1 

99.8 97.2 91.8 93.1 101.5 107.8 107.3 106.2 99.3 97.4 99.2 5.1 

LOO.9 97.1 91.7 91.9 101.8 108.1 106.9 106.5 99.1 97.2 99.4 5.3 

LO1.2 97.1 91.8 91.8 LO1.2 108.0 106.4 1.06.7 99.4 97.1 99.1 5.3


L02.
O 97.4 91.4 91.3 LO1.2 107.8 106.0 106.6 99.8 97.1 99.5 5.3


L02.7 97.3 91.6 91.5 LOO.7 107.0 105.5 106.3 100.3 97.4 99.6 5.1


L03.
O 96.9 92.2 92.1 100.2 106.0 104.5 106.1 101.1 98.1 99.7 4.7


L03.
O 97.1 92.4 92.4 99.8 105.4 104.0 105.8 101.1 99.1 99.4 4.4


L02.9 97.0 92.5 92.9 99.9 105.1 103.7 105.4 101.2 99.7 99.3 4.2


102.6 97.1 92.6 93.9 99.7 104.9 103.6 105.0 101.4 100.1 98.6 4.0


L02.5 97.0 92.7 94.6 LOO.5 104.6 103.5 104.6 101.4 99.9 97.9 3.8


L02.3 96.9 92.8 95.5 LOO.9 104.8 103.4 104.6 101.3 ioo.1 97.2 3.7


L02.1 97.4 92.5 95.8 101.4 105.1 103.4 104.2 101.3 99.5 96.5 3.8


L02.1 97.4 92.5 96.2 LO1.8 105.6 103.9 104.4 101.0 98.9 95.3 4.0


27 
------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

Table 2. Seasonal indexes of live births and standard deviation of seasonal indexes,


Area, color,
 and year


NORTH CENTRAL


m


1963------------


1962


1961------------


1960------------


1959------------


1958


1957


1956------------


1955------------


1954------------


1953------------


1952------------


1951------------


1950------------


1949


1948------------


1947------------


1946------------


1945


1944


1943------------


1942------------


Nonwhite


1963------------


1962------------


1961------------


L960------------


1959


1958


1957------------


1956------------


1955------------


1954------------


1953------------


1952


1951


1950------------


1949------------


1948------------


1947


1946------------


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------


1942------------


each geographic region, 1942-63—COII. Witedstatesand


(Notestotables given
onp~e V)


Month Standard


deviation


)f seasonal Ian. ?eb. lar. qm. May rune July kg. let. !Ov. )ec. 

94.8 98.0 99.2 96.7 94.7 96.4 103.6 L07.2 .07.9 L02.7 99.4 99.1 4.5 

94.7 98.2 99.4 96.6 94.6 97.0 L03.7 L06.6 .07.9 L02.7 99.4 99.1 ‘4.4 

94.7 98.3 99.3 96.3 94.7 97.7 103.5 106.6 107.9 L02.9 99.2 99.0 4.3 

94.7 98.3 99.0 96.1 94.8 98.3 L03.8 ~06.1 .07.8 103.2 99.3 98.8 4.3 

94.7 98.4 98.9 95.9 94.8 98.3 104.0 106.2 .07.8 L03.3 99.2 98.8 4.3 

94.8 98.5 98.4 95.4 95.0 98.8 L04.2 L06.1 .07.8 !03.3 99.2 98.7 4.3 

95.1 98.5 97.7 94.9 95.0 99.2 104.5 L06.O .07.8 103.3 99.3 98.6 4.4 

95.3 98.6 97.3 94.6 95.1 99.4 104.8 106.2 .07.7 L03.1 99.3 98.5 4.5 

95.4 98.6 97.1 94.3 95.1 99.6 L05.1 L06.4 .07.7 103.0 99.2 98.4 4.5 

95.4 98.6 97.2 94.4 95.0 LOO.0 105.3 106.2 .07.5 L03.O 99.3 98.3 4.5 

95.6 98.9 97.5 94.3 94.5 LOO.1 L05.3 106.4 .07.4 L02.7 99.1 98.0 4.5 

95.9 99.C 97.9 94.3 94.4 100.3 L05.2 106.3 .07.3 L02.7 99.2 97.7 4.5 

96.1 99.2 98.3 94.5 94.1 100.4 104.9 106.4 .07.1 102.8 99.2 97.5 4.4 

96.4 99.1 98.5 94.0 94.3 LOO.4 L04.7 106.3 L06.8 103.0 99.1 97.1 4.4 

96.7 99.2 98.7 94.1 94.0 LOO.4 104.2 106.0 106.9 L03,5 99.6 97.2 4.3 

97.1 99.2 98.2 93.7 94.1 100.4 104.1 106.0 106.6 L03.6 99.7 97.2 4.3 

97.8 99.5 98.0 93.3 94.2 LOO.1 104.2 106.0 106.4 L03.4 100.0 97.5 4.3 , 

98.0 99.3 97.7 93.: 94.2 99.9 104.2 105.9 106.5 L03.’5 100.2 97.7 4.3 

98.1 99.4 97.2 93.4 93.8 100.0 104.1 105.8 106.7 L03.5 100.1 97.5 4.3 

98.3 99.2 96.9 93.: 93.7 99.9 104.5 105.7 L06.8 103.7 100.3 97.6 4.4, 

98.5 99.5 96.8 93.C 93.4 99.7 104.5 105.8 107.0 L03.4 100.2 97.8 4.4 

98.5 99.5 96.8 93.: 93.5 99.7 105.C 106.2 L07.O L03.1 100.1 97.5 4.5 

100.2 100. E 98.4 93.! 93.6 96.6 105.5 106.2 107.2 99.C 98.3 LOO.4 4,4


100.1 100.7 98.2 93.; 93.5 96.9 105.4 106.3 L07.1 99.C 98.3 LOO.4 4.5


100.1 100.6 98.3 93.( 93.4 96.6 105.: 106.3 L07.2 99.2 98.2 LOO.5 4.5


100.3 100.7 97.9 93.: 93.4 96.$ 10601 106.3 107.2 99.2 98.2 100.5 4.6


100.2 100. i 97.7 93.: 93.2 97.2 106.: 106.6 107.C 99.4 98.0 LOO.2 4.7


100.4 100.6 97.5 93.~ 93.3 97.E 106./ 106.4 107.C 99.: 98.1 99.9 4.7


100.5 100.7 96.8 93.( 93.7 98.7 106.; 106.3 107.1 99.3 97.9 99.7 4.7


100.7 101.( 96.3 92.; 93.9 99.7 106.1 106.1 106.8 99.4 97.9 99.4 4.6


101.C 101.: 96.3 93.( 93.8 100.4 105.[ 106.1 106.5 99.4 97.5 99.1 4.5


100.9 101.4 96.5 93.: 94.1 101.1 105.( 106.0 106.2 99.2 97.3 98.6 4.4


100.9 101.; 97.3 93.! 93.7 101.2 105.: 106.2 105.7 98.5 97.1 98.3 4.3


100.9 102.[ 98.2 93.: 93.7 101.1 105.! 106.1 105.2 98.: 97.3 98.4 4.3


101,2 102.: 98.9 93.( 93.5 101.: lo5.~ 106.1 104.8 98.? 97.4 98.2 4.3


101.6 102.: 99.4 92./ 93.6 100.: 105.( 106.2 104.5 98.? 97.5 97.9 4.3


101.6 102.: 100,1 93.: 93.8 99.: 104.; 106.1 103.9 98.4 98.0 97.8 4.0


101.7 102.: 100.1 93.: 94.1 99.: 104.( 106.3 103.6 98.( 98.6 97.7 4.0


102.3 102.: 100.0 93.( 93.8 99.1 104./ 106.3 103.C 97.7 99.1 98.0 4.0


102.3 102.5 100.3 93.! 94.1 98.t 104.! 106.0 102.8 97.f 99.1 97.8 3.9


102.5 102.: 100.2 94.Z 94.3 98.i 105.: 106.2 103.C 97.C 99.1 97.3 3.9


102.4 102.4 100.0 94.( 94.3 98.t 105.; 106.2 102.8 96.; 99.0 97.3 4.0


102.1 102.6 100.2 94.! 94.C 98,1 106.1 106.3 102.5 96.1 99.0 97.3 4.1


102.1 102.( 100.2 940\ 94.2 99.( 106.; 106.3 102.$ 95.; 98.6 96.8 4.2


28 
------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

Table 2. Seasonal indexes of live births and standard deviation IJ
f seasonal indexes,. lw .
color: United States and
 each geographic region, 1942-63—Con.


(Netsstotables given
onpngeV)


Area, color,
 and year


1963------------


1962------------


1961------------


1960


1959


1958


1957


L956------------


1955


1954-----------:


1953


1952


1951


1950


1949------------


1948------------


1947------------


1946


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------


1942------------


Norwhit e


1963


1962


1961


1960------------


1959------------


1958


1957-----’-------


1956


1955


1954------------


1953


1952------------


1951


1950------------


1949------------


1948


1947


1946


1945


1944


1943


1942


Month Standard 

deviation 

of seasonal Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. indexes 

97.e 98.: 96.2 91.1 89.9 93.8 102.3 108.7 111.6 106.1 102.0 101.9 6.8 

98.C 98.L 96.2 91.C 89.7 94.0 102.4 108.6 111.6 106.1 102.0 101.9 6.8 

98.0 98.4 96.1 90.5 89.6 94.2 102.5 108.6 111.6 106.2 102.1 3.01.8 6.8 

98.1 98.2 95.8 90.8 89.6 94.3 102.7 108.5 111.5 106.4 102.2 101.8 6.8 

98.2 98.2 95.8 90.6 89.2 94.4 102.$ 108.7 111.4 106.6 102.3 101.7 6.9 

98.2 98.: 95.5 90.2 89.1 94.4 103.C 109.2 111.7 106.4 102.3 10107 7.1 

98.5 98.: 95.3 89.9 88.8 94.6 103.4 109.4 111.4 106.3 102.6 101.8 7.2 

98.9 98.f 94.8 89.7 88.4 94.9 103.7 109.7 111.3 106.0 102.6 101.9 7.3 

99.1 99.C 94.7 89.1 88.0 95.0 104.1 110.0 111.2 105.9 102.6 101.7 7.4 

99.5 99.3 94.8 88.7 87.7 95.2 104.2 109.8 110.9 105.8 102.5 101.6 7.4 

100.1 99.7 95.1 88.3 87.2 95.4 104.2 109.9 110.9 105.6 102.3 101.4 7.5 

LOO.6 100.C 95.3 87.4 86.9 95.4 104.4 109.8 110.7 105.6 102.3 101.2 7.6 

LO1.1 100.5 95.5 87.1 86.5 95.7 104.3 109.8 110.6 105.9 102.4 101.1 7.7 

LO1.4 100.7 95.5 86.8 86.5 95.6 103.8 109.6 110.7 106.1 102.4 100.7 7.7 

LO1.5 100.6 95.8 87.3 86.4 95.5 103.2 109.2 110.5 106.5 102.7 100.6 7.6 

LO1.8 100.6 95.6 87.8 86.8 95.3 102.6 108.9 110.6 106.4 103.0 100.7 7.5 

L02.1 100.9 95.4 88.1 86.9 94.9 102.4 109.0 110.5 106.1 103.0 100.9 7.4 

L02.1 Lol.c 95.4 88.5 86.9 94.5 1Q2 .3 108.8 110.5 106.1 103.1 100.9 7.4 

L02.2 101.1 95.3 88.8 87.1 94.2 10107 108.6 110.9 106.2 102.7 100.7 7.4 

L02.4 LO1.O 95.3 88.9 87.2 94.2 101.7 108.5 110.9 106.1~ 102.6 100.7 7.3 

L02.4 101.3 95.4 89.3 87.1 93.9 101.6 108.6 111.1 106.0 102.4 100.8 7.3 

L02.4 101.3 95.4 89.3 87.3 93.9 101.7 108.8 111.4 105.7 102.0 100.4 7.3 

L04.6 102.5 95.2 86.8 85.5 91.7 105.1 113.0 112.8 102.3 99.6 101.2 8.9


L04.6 L02.2 95.2 86.9 85.3 91.9 105.3 113.1 112.4 102.3 99.6 101.2 8.9


L04.6 L02.O 95.2 86.9 85.5 92.0 105.3 112.9 112.4 102.5 99.9 101.0 8.8


L04.4 LO1.8 95.4 86.9 85.7 92.4 105.6 112.6 112.1 102.6 99.9 100.9 8.6


L04.3 LO1.5 95.6 87.0 85.7 92.8 105.6 112.4 111.9 102.5 100.0 100.8 8.5


L04.1 LO1.5 95.8 86.8 85.9 93.6 105.7 112.2 111.4 101.9 Loll 100.5 8.3


L04.O 101.5 95.9 86.8 86.4 94.4 105.8 111.9 111.2 101.7 100.2 100.6 8.1


L04.2 LO1.8 96.0 86.2 86.6 95.0 106.1 111.2 110.5 101.3 100.0 100.8 8.0


L04.3 L02.3 96.6 86.0 86.9 95.1 106.4 110.7 110.3 101.0 99.6 100.5 7.9


L04.5 L02.8 97.6 85.7 86.8 95.8 106.4 110.3 110.0 100.4 99.1 100.4 7.9


L04.9 L03.6 98.5 85.5 87.0 96.3 106.2 110.1 109.4 100.0 98.6 100.2 7.8


L05.3 L04.2 99.2 85.6 87.2 96.4 106.3 109.4 108.6 99.7 98.3 99.9 7.6


L05.8 L04.9 99.9 85.6 87.3 96.5 106.0 108.6 108.2 99.4 97.8 99.6 7.5


.06.3 L05.5 100.1 86.5 87.9 96.3 105.2 108.1 107.8 99.4 97.5 99.4 7.2


L06.3 L05.9 100.6 87.9 88.3 95.7 104.5 107.6 107.6 99.5 97.4 99.2 6.9


L06.5 L05.9 100.6 89.5 88.7 95.5 103.5 106.7 107.2 99.0 97.5 99.3 6.4


L06.6 L06.2 100.6 90.4 88.9 95.1 103.2 106.3 106.9 98.6 97.4 99.5 6.2


.06.6 i_06
.0 LOO.7 91.9 89.2 94.9 102.9 L06.O 106.7 98.3 97.3 99.5 5.9


106.5 L06.0 100.7 92.8 89.7 94.9 102.3 L05.8 106.8 98.1 96.8 99.6 5.7


L06.5 L05.8 100.8 92.9 89.8 94.9 102.3 105.8 106.6 98.1 96.6 99.5 5.7


L06.2 L05.8 100.9 93.6 90.0 94.8 102.3 105.9 106.6 97.8 96.3 99.8 5.6


!06.2 L05.8 100.9 94.1 90.3 95.0 102.5 L05.9 106.8 97.2 96.2 99.5 5.5


29 
------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

Table 2. Seasonal indexes of live births and standard deviation of seasonal indexes. . bv .
color: United States and
 each geographic region, 1942-63—Con.


(Notes to tables given on page V) 

Area, colcm,
 and year


mm 

m 

1963------------


1962------------


1961------------


1960------------


1959------------


1958------------


1957------------


1956------------


1955---------:--


1954------------


1953------------


1952


1951


1950------------


1949


1948------------


1947


1946------------


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------


1942------------


Nonwhite


1963


1962------------


1961------------


1960


1959


1958------------


1957------------


1956------------


1955------------


1954------------


1953------------


1952------------


1951------------


1950------------


1949------------


1948


1947


1946------------


1945


1944------------


1943------------


1942------------


Month Standard 

deviation 

of seasonal 

Jan. L?eb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Ott . Nov. Dec. indexes 

93.E 97.( 98.1 97.2 98.6 100.; 102.! 104.5 107.6 102.4 98.: 99.3 3.8


93.7 97.( 98.2 97.2 98.5 loo.f 103.( 104.3 107.7 102.4 98.: 99.3 3.8


93.5 97.[ 98.1 97.3 98.4 100.( 103.( 104.2 107.E 102.4 98.: 99.2 3.8


93.5 96.5 98.0 97.3 98.5 100.; 103.1 104.1 107.6 102.6 98.! 99.3 3.8


93.4 96.$ 98.0 97.3 98.4 100.; 103.: 104.2 107.5 102.6 98.( 99.3 3.8


93.4 96.? 98.1 97.1 98.4 100.i lo3.~ 104.2 107.4 102.6 98.t 99.2 3.8


93.5 96.E 98.2 97.0 98.4 100.[ 103.( 104.2 107.4 102.5 98.; 99.1 3.8


93.6 96.! 98.3 97.1 98.2 100.; 103.: 104.4 107.2 102.3 98,; 99.1 3.8


93.9 97.1 98.4 96.9 98.2 100.; 103.( 104.6 107.1 101.9 98.( 99.0 3.7


94.3 97.2 98.6 96.8 98.3 100.E 103.; 104.6 106.~ 101.9 98.! 98.7 3.6


94.6 97.! 98.9 96.8 98.3 100.7 lo3.f 104.7 106.6 101.5 98.: 98.4 3.5


95.0 97.7 98.9 96.9 98.3 100.E 103.: 104.7 106.4 101.6 98.: 98.0 3.4 ‘


95.4 97.8 98.9 97.1 98.5 100.2 103.: 104.8 106.1 101.3 980L 97.8 3.3


95.8 97.8 98.7 97.2 98.6 100.7 103.: 104.8 106.C 101.2 98.L 97.3 3.2


96.2 97.t 98.5 97.3 98.8 100.5 103.; 104.4 105.8 101.4 98.; 97.2 3.1


96.4 97.t 98.5 97.5 98.6 100.: 103.1 104.2 105.7 101.4 98.: 97.1 3.0


96.7 97.7 98.2 97.6 98.4 100.6 103.[ 104.2 105.7 101.2 99.1 97.2 3.0


96.8 97.6 98.1 97.6 98.2 100.7 103.: 104.1 105.9 101.3 99.[ 97.3 3.0 ‘~


97.0 97.7 98.1 97,7 98.3 100.$ 103.2 103.7 105.6 101.3 98.< 97.4 2.9


97.0 97.E 98.0 97.6 98.1 101.2 lo3.f 103.5 105.8 101.5 98.; 97.3 3.0


96.9 97.5 98.1 97.7 98.0 101.4 103.2 103.2 105.5 101.4 98.E 97.4 2.9


96.9 97.9 98.1 97.7 98.1 101.4 103.! 103.4 105.5 101.3 98.: 97.4 2.9


97.9 98.2 99.5 96.7 97.9 100.6 102.6 104.2 106.8 100.7 99.3 95.8 3.2 

97.8 98.2 99.3 97.1 97.7 100.5 102.8 104.4 L06.6 100.7 99.3 95.8 3.2 

97.8 98.1 99.6 97.1 97.3 100.6 102.5 104.4 L06.4 100.8 99.C 96.1 3.2 

97.7 98.1 99.7 97.3 97.1 100.6 103.2 104.5 L06.1 100.6 99.C 96.3 3.1 

97.9 98.3 100.0 97.3 96.9 100.3 103.3 104.8 L06.O LOO.4 98.8 96.3 3.2 

97.8 98.7 100.0 97.3 96.6 100.1 103.5 105.2 L05.9 LOO.2 98.8 96.1 3.2 

97.8 98.8 99.7 97.2 96.6 99.9 103.9 105.3 L05.6 100.2 98.5 96.3 3.3 

98.2 98.7 99.8 97.1 96.6 99.5 104.4 104.9 L05.8 99.8 98.3 96.5 3.3 

99.1 98.5 100.1 96.5 96.7 99.3 104.6 104.8 L05.6 99.8 98.2 96.7 3.3 

99.6 99.0 100.0 96.0 97.0 99.4 104.9 104.4 L05.6 99.5 97.9 96.6 3.3 

LOO.6 99.1 100.0 95.5 97.1 99.5 104.5 104.2 105.8 99.0 97.9 96.6 3.3 

LO1.O 99.4 99.8 95.7 97.2 99.6 104.1 104.0 L05.6 98.9 97.7 96.7 3.1 

LO1.6 99.7 100.2 95.5 97.6 99.4 103.4 104.2 L05.5 98.6 97.5 96.8 3.1 

LO1.2 100.6 100.3 95.4 97.6 99.0 102.9 104.6 L05.1 98.0 98.0 96.8 3.0 

100.9 101.5 100.1 95.9 97,9 99.2 102.4 104.6 L04.2 98.2 98.6 96.8 2.8 

100.6 102.0 99.8 96.9 97,8 98.9 102.3 104.1 L04.”0 97.8 99.3 96.5 2.6 

!00.7 102.0 99.6 97.8 98.2 98.1 102.1 104.5 103.3 97.3 99.8 96.7 2.5 

.00.9 102.0 99.7 98.6 98.0 98.3 102.3 104.0 L03.2 97.5 99.4 96.2 2.5 

.01.2 102.2 99.8 99.2 98.0 99.0 102.3 103.8 !03.2 97.0 99.0 95.6 2.5 

.01.4 102.3 99.5 99.9 98.0 99.2 L02.5 103.4 .03.3 96.7 98.8 95.3 2.6 

.01.9 102.2 99.3 .00.4 98.0 LOO.O 101.9 102.9 .03.5 96.7 98.4 94.8 2.7 

.01.9 102.2 99,3 .00.8 97.9 100.8 LO1.9 103.1 .04.1 96.2 97.6 94.0 3.0 -


30 
------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

Table 3. Fertility rates by month; obsened rates, seasonally adjustealrates, and trend-cycle: United States,


1933-63


(Notestotables
givenon pageV)


Month


Year


Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.


Observed rates per 1,000 women aged 15-44 ears


1963 107.56 108.99 107.68 105.40 105.45 108.08 113.42 115.42 118.37 111.85 106.33 106.27 

1962------------ 111.24 113.69 113.04 109.02 107.67 108.65 116.10 121.08 121.61 115.7: 111.35 111.10 

1961------------ 115.86 118.84 118.02 113.36 112.02 115.54 121.97 L25.65 126.97 120.22 116.11 114.70 

1960 114.65 116.90 116.03 112.05 110.33 113.81 123.80 129.69 132.27 122.32 119.18 120.40 

1959----------= 116.96 119.53 119.74 114.30 112.69 118.15 124.55 126.52 129.62 122.31 118.53 118.69 

1958 116.39 119.67 117.25 113.67 115.41 117.69 121.42 123.65 131.22 125.45 120.10 119.90 

1957 118.18 119.80 118.71 116.55 117.33 122.34 129.17 L29.54 132.18 127.55 121.85 120.36 

1956 116.81 119.58 118.73 109.70 108.42 118.53 127.27 L39.56 132.89 126.82 121.73 121.71 

1955 113.57 117.13 114.74 110.26 112.43 115.79 122.16 L26.57 128.87 122.01 119.72 118.83 

1954 117.20 116.10 115.80 117.80 L17.1O 117.70 117.70 L17.10 117.70 117.90 119.80 118.50 

1953 114.30 114.20 112.90 111.30 113.60 116.00 116.60 L15.60 114.90 112.30 115.10 118.80 

1952------------ 109.04 112.27 110.94 105.53 105.02 112.46 120.74 122.47 124.08 117.42 113.74 112.91 

1951 106.36 109.43 109.58 107.10 109.60 111.00 114.90 L17.00 118.87 115.17 110.00 109.14 

1950------------ 104.66 106.21 103.44 94.07 96.94 106.70 110.84 L14.16 114.40 109.46 106.03 105.67 

1949------------ 106.22 107.30 106.43 99.17 99.76 104.45 112.64 L14.20 114.26 110.12 106.25 103.54 

1948------------ 106.23 109.73 107.90 102.98 97.68 99.19 110.39 17-4.98 115.63 110.13 107.40 105.85 

1947------------ 123.12 120.83 117.69 109.10 109.53 112.55 114.79 L15.21 115.44 111.08 107.22 103.93 

1946------------ 81.50 83.56 83.45 83.28 85.22 91.35 104.41 L13.96 122.52 123.61 124.90 123.21 

1945------------ 87.76 88.14 85.62 82.33 82.21 85.88 89.15 89.92 90.30 85.31 83.17 81.94 

1944 88.65 89.69 85.69 82.68 83.37 89.35 95.30 94.79 91.99 88.48 88.70 87.58 

1943 99.45 99.59 96.76 92.30 89.63 93.83 97.87 98.71 98.12 92.13 87.93 86.31 

1942 86.28 88.60 87.23 83.07 81.97 86.23 91.65 95.58 101.85 101.62 97.60 95.68 

1941 80.41 82.82 82.98 81.19 77.52 85.23 91.45 89.51 86.72 80.84 80.43 81.43 

1940 77,74 80.48 79.15 77.04 77.44 79.25 83.69 85.03 84.69 78.97 76.19 76.23 

1939 77.89 79.22 79.26 76.36 73.75 75.74 80.79 82.01 82.21 77.60 73.60 72.19 

1938 79.73 81.62 80.27 77.85 76.80 77.54 82.87 83.85 82.76 78.13 75.58 74.14 

1937------------ 75.62 78.36 78.58 75.18 74.90 75.87 80.73 83.10 82.06 75.77 73.59 74.26 

1936------------ 76.69 79.44 79.23 73.98 71.54 76.41 80.03 79.76 79.47 74.70 71.87 70.79 

1935------------ 79.7-3 80.49 78.73 75.50 74.08 78.28 81.25 81.42 80.92 75.17 73.13 72.48 

1934------------ 78.61 79.23 76.93 74.82 76.80 77.53 80.42 83.63 85.03 80.24 77.43 75.89 

1933------------ 78.57 79.92 79.87 76.90 75.87 75.86 78.40 78.76 74.96 72.24 74.09 74.33 

31

------------

Table 3. Fertility rates by month; observed rates, seasonally adjusted rates, and trend.cycle: United States,


Year


Jan. Feb.


1963------------ 111.46 110.54 

1962------------ 115.27 115.30 

1961------------ 120.19 120.41 

1960------------ 118.81 118.44 

1959------------ 121.08 120.98 

1958------------ 120.36 120.88 

1957------------ 121.71 121.13 

1956------------ 119.81 120.91 

1955------------ 116.24 118.07 

1954------------ 119.59 116.92 

1953------------ 116.40 114.66 

1952------------ 110.93 112.72 

1951------------ 107.76 109.43 

1950------------ 106.04 106.10 

1949------------ 107.62 107.09 

1948------------ 107.41 109.62 

1947------------ 124.11 120.59 

1946------------ 82.07 83.48 

1945------------ 88.11 87.61 

1944 88.92 88.98 

1943------------ 99.65 98.31 

1942------------ 86.37 87.20 

1941------------ 80.33 81.20 

1940------------ 77.74 78.75 

1939------------ 77.89 77.29 

1938------------ 79.81 79.63 

1937------------ 75.62 76.37 

1936------------ 76.69 77.50 

1935------------ 79.05 78.37 

1934------------ 78.53 77.22 

1933------------ 78.49 77.89 

32 

1933-63—Con. 

(Notes to tables given on pageV) 

Month


Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.


Seasonally adjusted rates per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years


109.77 110.8: 111.71 111.1s 109.80 108.27 108.90 108.80 106.86 106.70 

115.11 114.7( 114.30 111.5: 112.39 113.8C 111.88 112.63 111.91 111.55 

120.31 119.5[ 118.79 118.3: 118.19 118.42 116.70 116.72 116.69 115.16 

118.40 1L8.2C 117.00 116.37 119.85 122.70 121.80 118.64 119.78 121.01 

122.06 120.8~ 119.50 120.68 120.45 119.81 119.47 118.63 119.13 119.29 

119.64 120.41 122.13 120.0$ 117.31 117.43 121.05 121.80 120.58 120.50 

121.26 123.5$ 123.38 124.20 125.04 123.84 122.39 124.08 122.22 120.84 

121.40 116.21 113.29 119.85 123.44 133.81 123.73 123.85 121.97 121.95 

117.32 116.8C 117.36 116.84 118.37 121.47 120.33 119.50 120.08 119.31 

118.04 124.26 122.23 118.53 113.94 112.27 110.41 115.59 120.28 119.22 

114.97 117.2: 119.33 116.58 112.88 110.52 107.89 110.31 115.79 119.76 

112.86 110.85 111.13 113.02 116.77 116.75 116.73 115.34 114.54 114.28 

111.14 112.86 116.60 111.33 111.23 111.32 112.04 113.02 110.55 110.58 

104.91 99.65 104.01 107.34 107.09 108.21 107.42 107.00 106.67 107.72 [ 

107.83 105.39 107.50 105.40 108.94 107.94 106.88 107.02 106.57 105.55 

109.77 109.79 105.26 100.29 106.97 108.68 108.17 106.92 107.29 107.79 

120.21 116.81 117.77 113.80 111.34 108.89 108.09 108.16 106.90 105.62 

85.24 88.97 91.54 92.55 101.17 107.81 114.72 120.36 124.65 125.21 

87.28 87.68 88.02 87.01 86.55 85.23 84.47 83.15 83.17 83.44 

87.08 87.58 89.26 90.34 92.34 89.85 86.29 86.32 89.33 89.55 

97.94 97.16 95.55 94.97 94.74 93.48 92,13 90.68 89.18 88.61 

87.67 86.89 87.02 87.45 88.47 90.34 95.81 100.61 99.90 99.05 

82.98 84.31 81.86 86.44 88.02 84.60 81.89 80.68 83.00 84.91 

78.52 79.42 81.17 80.62 80.47 80.22 79.97 79.45 79.20 80.07 

78.24 78.56 76.90 76.97 77.61 77.51 77.85 78.46 76.91 76.23 

79.16 79.93 79.75 78.56 79.38 79.18 78.67 79.16 79.31 78.46 

77.50 77.35 77.54 76.95 77.40 78.77 77.93 76.69 77.14 78.75 

78.06 76.03 73.83 77.42 76.88 75.82 75.54 75.68 75.34 75.07 . 

77.72 77.67 76.14 79.15 78.13 77.47 76.92 76.31 76.58 76.78 

75.94 77.05 78.77 78.31 77.48 79.80 80.75 81.46 81.08 80.31 

78.85 79.28 77.66 76.47 75.68 75.37 71.25 73.19 77.42 78.66 
--

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

--- --- ---

--- --- ---

‘Table 3. Fertility rates by month; observed rate:z seasonally -_
 adjusted rates, and trend-cycle: United States,


lY33-b3—Con. 

(Notes to tables given on page V) 

Month


Year


1963


1962------------


1961


1960------------


1959------------


1958------------


1957------------


1956------------


1955


195L------------


1953


1952


1951


1950


1949------------


1948------------


1947


1946------------


1945------------


1944


1943


1942


1941------------


1940


1939


1938


1937


1936


1935


1934


1933------------


Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Ott . NOV. Dec.


Trend-cycle: rates per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years


111.34 110.91 L1O.9O UO.93 110.67 L1O.37 109.89 L09.38 108.82 

115.45 115.25 114.94 L14.42 114.03 113.46 113.04 112.81 112.41 112.26 L12001 111.52 

120.25 120.24 119.85 L19.26 119.11 L18.63 118.08 117.79 117.25 116.74 L16.27 115.72 

118.77 118.51 118.16 L18.07 117.91 L18.48 119.08 119.69 120.34 120.35 L20.35 120.43 

121.12 121.18 121.36 L21.1O 120.81 L20.45 120.06 119.74 119.47 119.11 L19.03 118.80 

120.97 120.47 120.54 L20.61 120.08 L19.51 119.51 119041 119.63 120.36 L20.80 121.00 

121.78 121.89 122.26 L22.97 123.73 L24.05 124.16 123.84 123.40 122.60 L22.01 121.44 

119091 120.10 119.76 L20.37 120.52 L21.10 122.36 123.04 122.94 123.04 L22.50 122.03 

117.44 117.52 117.41 L17.20 117.69 L18.13 118.76 119.47 119.96 120.06 L19.85 119.71 

117.74 118.80 119.14 L18.67 117.70 L16.92 115.52 L14.92 115.15 115.80 L17.18 117.57 

115.35 115.47 115.94 U6.06 115.36 L14.93 113.64 112.36 112.22 113.34 L15.43 117.15 

111.41 111.43 111.65 U2.07 112.88 L13.87 115.05 116.04 115.86 115.72 L15.42 115.25 

108.91 109.64 L1O.39 U1.03 111.43 L1l.41 111.55 111.77 111.95 111.73 L1l.48 111.44 

105.66 105.18 104.97 L05.16 105.66 L06.38 107.07 107.07 107.46 107.50 L07.71 108.12 

107.50 107.76 107.57 L07.51 107.68 L07.53 107.26 107.37 106.88 106.60 L06.13 105.76 

107.79 108.34 109.20 L09.49 109.02 L08.34 107.77 107.57 107.63 L07.56 L07.44 107.49 

123.59 122.66 120.76 L18.43 115.94 L13.52 111.13 L09.51 107.97 L07.20 L07.00 107.14 

82.71 83.85 85.63 88.28 92.15 97.22 103.06 L09.02 114.70 L18.33 L22.13 123.94 

88.18 88.15 87.88 87.91 87.78 87.32 86.40 85.26 84.39 83.49 82.71 82.38 

88.42 88.26 88.45 88.69 89.22 89.65 89.83 89.37 88.86 88.48 88.33 88.23 

99.65 99.27 98.36 97.43 96.33 95.35 94.22 93.07 91.74 90.43 89.50 88.88 

85.70 86.02 86.60 86.94 87.13 88.22 89.42 91.70 94.42 97.19 99.06 99.72 

80.75 81.46 82.43 83.33 84.38 84.62 84.75 83.98 83.80 83.55 84.’39 85.06 

77.55 78.03 78.89 79.52 80.01 80.43 80.62 80.35 79.97 79.8,2 79.70 79.93 

78.43 78.04 77.63 77.58 77.47 77.40 77.48 77.61 77.65 77.45 77.39 77.44 

79.21 79.51 79.52 79.31 79.20 79.18 79.10 79.01 79.19 79.31 78.96 78.61 

75.82 76.35 76.88 77.14 77.30 77.38 77.46 77.54 77.59 78.01 78.43 78.74 

76.90 76.94 77.04 77.19 77.12 76.68 76.42 76.17 75.81 75.47 75.36 75.52 

79.32 78.58 78.00 77.70 77.80 77.79 77.61 77.40 77.12 76.68 76.53 76.77 

77.26 77.37 77.43 77.59 77.89 78.52 79.23 79.97 80.47 80.78 80.50 79.96 

78.09 77.25 76.88 76.43 75.91 75.95 76.70 77.49 77.81 

33 

1 
--- --- ---

--- --- ---

‘Table4. Fertility rates by month and color; observed rates, seasonally adjusted rates, and trend-cycle: United


States, 1942-63


(Notes
b tables given on page V) 

Month


Color and year


-

1963------------


1962------------


1961------------
 1960------------


1959------------


1958------------
 1957------------


1956------------


1955------------


1954------------
 1953------------


1952------------
 1951------------
 1950------------
 1949------------


1948------------


1947------------


1946------------


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------
 1942------------


~e 

1963------------


1962------------


1961------------
 1960------------
 1959------------
 1958------------


1957------------
 1956------------
 1955------------
 1954------------
 1953------------
 1952------------


1951------------
 1950------------
 1949------------


1948------------
 1947------------


1946------------
 1945------------
 1944------------
 1943------------
 1942------------


w 

1963------------


1962------------


1961------------


1960------------


1959------------


1958------------


1957------------


1956------------


1955------------


1954------------


1953------------
 1952------------


1951------------


1950------------


1949------------


1948------------


1947------------


1946------------


1945------------


1944------------
 1943------------


1942------------


34 

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Ott . Nov. Dec.


Observed rates per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years


105.39 107.15 107.14 105.59 105.46 107.59 111.95 113.43
 109.16 112.20 112.48 108.91 107.64 108.38 114.92 119.45
 109.16 112.93 112.S6 109.33 107.90 110.73 115.50 119.38
 108.17 111.17 111.10 107.78 106.39 109.18 118.07 123.43
 110.34 113.66 114.90 110.27 108.63 112.79 118.32 119.77
 110.18 114.44 112.69 109.84 111.70 113.62 116.45 116.81
 112.17 114.25 113.55 112.60 113.28 117.47 123.03 123.30
 110.71 113.95 113.59 105.78 104.82 113.65 121.62 134.10
 108.19 111.98 110.46 106.58 108.73 111.40 117.00 120.92
 109.66 111.34 108.49 105.91 106.79 112.62 118.90 120.32
 107.16 109.81 105.99 100.37 103.99 111.23 118.13 118.84
 104.42 107.79 107.24 102.91 102.56 109.07 116.43 118.06
 101.33 104.82 105.37 103.95 106.52 107.32 110.59 112.97
 100.16 101.64 99.51 91.25 93.94 103.22 106.72 109.78
 102.15 103.29 102.94 96.59 96.96 101.19 108.54 110.24
 102.77 106.19 104.93 100.37 95.19 96.73 106.99 111.63
 121.33 119.31 116.43 108.31 108.90 111.54 113.27 113.22
 78.50 80.70 81.09 81.77 84.03 90.03 103.44 113.02
 84.56 84.95 82.92 79.86 80.10 83.83 86.77 87.54
 85.85 87.04 83.16 80.44 81.44 87.09 92.55 92.04
 97.32 97.33 94.37 90.36 87.93 92.02 95.58 96.22
 S3.1O 85.40 S4.60 80.52 80.06 84.39 89.57 93.39


Seasonally adjusted rates per 1,000 women age


110.13 109.00 108.77 109.88 110.78 110.35 109.11 106.51 114.06 114.14 114.08 II113.45 113.31 110.93 111.79 112.48 114.30 114.77 113.11 112.46 112.41
 113.15 113.09 111.29 114.74 116.66
 115.42 115.51 114.97 114.76 113.20
 115.49 116.42 115.58 112.84 110.51
 117.33 116.23 119.26 118.87 116.87
 ll_5.44 115.69 115.15 117.17 126.99
 112.58 113.57 112.75 112.39 114.18
 113.87 112.81 113.64 114.00 113.62
 110.82 110.81 112.13 113.15 111.90
 107.65 108.66 110.06 111,52 111.17
 104.14 105.45 108.08 106.03 106.27
 102.73 102.25 103.95 102.52 103.27
 104.55 104.02 102.01 104.67 103.90
 104.87 106.94 97.61 103.47 105.41
 123.30 120.03 112.67 109.55 107.01
 79.61 81.27 91.12 100.14 106.93 85.67 85.46 84.85 84.16 82:98 86.72 87.65 88.15 89.68 87.41 98.20 ;;./33 93.33 92.71 91.38 83.85 . 85.59 86.62 88.52 

116.70 111.38 105.41 104.71
 120.15 115.13 110.49 109.85
 120.95 114.92 110.71 109.18
 126.03 117.16 114.06 114.93
 123.68 117.31 113.16 113.31
 124.34 119.98 114.44 114.16
 126.26 122.65 116.96 115.22
 127.02 122.03 116.68 116.47
 123.51 117.61 114.62 113.80
 122.97 117.58 115.24 113.41
 120.15 112.64 110.60 113.37
 119.99 113.92 110.32 108.98
 114.82 112.06 106.75 105.40
 110.19 105.96 102.35 101.56
 110.50 106.99 102.89 99.79
 112.21 107.57 104.61 102.50
 113.38 109.48 105.16 101.39
 121.93 123.19 123.78 121.62
 87.88 83.38 80.80 79.39
 89.84 86.53 86.43 84.74
 95.96 90.52 86.12 84.29
 100.10 100.87 96.87 94.68
 ~


15-44 years


108.06 108.24 106.26 104.92
 111.04 111.89 111.38 110.07
 111.78 111.46 111.60 109.62
 116.48 113.31 114.86 115.51
 114.31 113.34 113.84 113.88
 114.70 115.70 114.90 114.96
 116.58 118.27 117.19 116.03
 117.50 117.79 116.91 117.29
 114.26 113.74 114.85 114.83
 113.97 113.71 115.59 114.56
 111.46 109.25 111.04 114.75
 111.51 110.39 110.76 110.64
 106.81 108.48 107.07 107.11
 102.60 102.38 102.66 103.53
 102.98 103.17 102.68 101.83
 104.67 103.63 104.19 104.49
 105.76 105.68 104.43 103.14
 113.53 118.68 122.80 123.47
 81.52 80.41 80.16 80.68
 83.26 83.44 85.74 86.12
 88.77 87.54 85.52 85.49
 92.26 97.84 96.39 96,22


T: nd-cyc : rate: per 1,1 0 womer aged 1, 44 years 

109.99 109.57 109.47 109.72 109.68 109.57 109.21 108.73 108.10 113.40 113.83 113.91 113.32 113.09 112.54 112.18 111.93 111.61 111.36 111.01 110.41 114.72 114.72 114.28 113.81 113.52 113.05 112.59 112.21 111.94 111.79 112.21 112.70 113.26 113.01 112.64 112.55 112.64 113.42 114.21 114.91 115.62 115.42 115.20 .114.94 115.52 115.53 115.56 115.42 115.02 114.70 114.35 114.15 114.02 113.87 113.67 113.59 116.17 115.69 115.85 115.67 115.47 114.97 114.93 114.68 114.61 115.06 115.22 115.23 117.15 117.31 117.61 118.19 118.68 118.64 118.39 117.96 117.58 117.08 116.75 116.58 115.18 115.61 115.29 115.50 115.31 115.63 116.38 117.04 117.09 117.36 117.29 117.28 113.82 113.76 113.70 113.61 113.60 113.48 113.37 113.68 113.85 114.29 114.56 114.90 112.81 112.81 LL2.87 112.77 112.97 113.54 113.63 113.72 114.05 114.16 114.15 114.18 L1O.56 110.44 110.36 110.73 111.21 111.70 112.05 111.77 111.70 111.77 112.20 112.59 108.16 108.62 109.16 109,68 L1O.O2 110.43 110.81 111.00 111.05 110.94 110.81 110.63 104.90 105.61 106.68 107.33 107.33 106.83 106.69 106.94 107.14 107.15 107.49 107.85 101.S4 101.43 101.40 101.45 101.59 102.15 102.57 102.66 102.93 103.17 103.44 104.17 104.22 104.55 104.22 104.13 104.13 103.95 103.65 L03.60 103.08 102.75 102.23 101.90 105.35 105.75 L06.57 106.54 106.02 105.08 104.35 L04.11 104.24 104.12 104.08 104.11 123.00 122.13 L20.02 117.45 114.74 112.13 109.43 107.64 105.92 105.01 104.54 104.69 80.38 81.72 83.80 86.52 90.60 95.94 102.04 L08.21 113.91 117.50 121.10 123.14 85.5L 85.58 85.62 85.55 85.36 84.81 84.00 82.82 81.73 80.91 80.15 79.83 85.82 86.07 86.63 86.92 87.19 ;3.:: 87.88 87.49 86.54 85.91 85.74 85,.55 97.98 98.07 97.54 96.58 95.16 92.14 90.48 88.76 87.27 86.33 85.87 84.34 84.78 86:17 87.16 89.03 91.21 93.90 96.08 ~ 97.30 
------------

---

---

--- ------------ ---

--- ---

Table 4. Fertilitv rates bv month and color; observed rates. seasonallv adiusted rates. and trend-cvcle: United


States, 1942-63~Can. - -


(Notes totables
 give.onpageV)


Month


Color and year


Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Ott . Nov. Dec.


Nonwhite Observed rates per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years


1963------------ 155.43 :;$. :; 143.67 y: .:: 136.40 143.52 157.38 163.62 165.02 147.81 143.86 148.45 

1962------------ 158.62 149.95 139.06 142.69 159.43 169.19 168.56 155.03 150.84 153.33 

1961------------ 165.42 162:55 156.15 143:14 ;;; .;; 150.99 169.71 171.95 171.38 159.28 155.97 155.44 

1960------------ ;:;.!: 159.67 152.58 143.73 148.14 166.29 176.00 178.44 160.52 157.02 1::.:i 

1959------------ 164.29 156.69 145.05 143:60 158.96 171.90 177.66 174.48 159.99 158.97 

1958------------ 163:86 159.68 152.19 142.96 143.81 148.80 159.39 175.88 183.81 167.20 163.29 163:74 

1957------------ 164.29 162.36 158.21 146.85 148.35 159.58 176.15 177.29 177.51 165.08 159.32 159.72 

1956------------ 163.81 162.86 158.26 139.82 136.07 156.00 170.62 178.81 L77.94 163.60 160 .5L 161.87 

1955------------ 155.20 ;;;.:: 147.85 138.65 140.98 149.68 161.94 170.15 170.15 155.92 156.65 157.58 

;;&----------- 156.02 140.66 134.65 137.51 151.09 165.82 167.78 168.82 153.86 154.90 154.56 --------.--- 151.45 147:63 137.63 124.39 129.16 147.67 162.52 162.79 161.09 142.59 147.40 153.48 

1952------------ 145,53 147.63 140.12 126.16 124.36 139.14 154.63 157.21 156.23 144.94 140.56 143.76 

1951------------ 146,29 146.04 142.97 132.13 134.06 140.21 149.10 148.92 150.92 139.80 135.70 138.64 

1950------------ 140.49 142.59 134.76 116.48 120.77 134.63 143.90 149.49 148.61 138.14 136.27 139.36 

1949------------ 138.70 139.40 134.24 119.74 122.10 130.41 145.37 145.85 144.24 135.14 133.03 133.44 

1948------------ 133.94 138.07 131.70 123.90 117.62 118.96 137.65 141.77 142.98 130.58 129.74 132.63 

1947------------ 1.37.53 133.05 1.2?.81 115.44 114.55 120.59 127.00 131.13 131.95 123.91 123.73 124.31 

1946------------ 105.65 106.65 102.52 95.53 94.84 102.03 112.25 121.53 127.26 127.00 133.85 136.05 

1945------------ ~+;.;; 113.93 107.47 102.25 99.27 102.50 108.45 109.10 109.83 K&.:: 102.28 102.51 

~;&----------- 111.17 106.24 100.83 99.01 107.66 117.56 117.05 109.34 107.11 110.53 -----.------ 116:70 ;;;.:; 116.21 108.09 103.37 108.53 116.50 118.94 115.64 105:24 102.58 ;;:.;; 

1942 112.15 . 108.65 103.89 97.51 101.26 108.55 113.44 116.04 107.75 103.57 .


Nonwhite Seasonally adjusted rates per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years


1963------------ 151.79 152.83 149.04 150.18 152.23 151.87 150.03 148.88 149.61 146.20 145.02 148.15 

1962------------ 154.90 155.62 155.55 156.97 155.55 150.99 151.41 153.81 153.10 153.34 152.06 153.02 

1961------------ 161.39 160.94 162.15 158.87 159.13 159.95 161.02 156.46 155.66 157.39 1.57.23 155.28 

1960------------ 159.41 158.25 :;;.:; 159.70 155.94 156.27 157.32 160.29 162.37 158.46 158.29 160.84 

1959------------ 163.56 163.15 161.35 160.63 166.97 162.32 161.66 159.05 158.09 160.25 158.99 

1958------------ 160.18 158.57 158:04 159.91 160.68 154.84 149.94 160.33 167.86 165.71 164.61 163.90 

1957------------ 160.60 161.23 164.46 164.63 165.57 165.03 165.71 161.76 162.26 163.93 160.44 ::;.:; 

1956------------ 159.81 161.25 164.68 157.28 151.69 160.33 160.06 163.60 163.25 162.62 161.80 

1955,----------- ;;:.;; 154.s5 153.21 156.31 157.34 153.83 151.63 155.96 156.39 155.14 158.39 157:90 

1954------------ 149.57 144.71 151.63 153.81 154.65 155.41 154.21 155.45 153.55 157.26 155.03 

1953------------ 146:75 144.03 140.73 140.08 145.12 150.84 152.74 149.90 148.74 142.88 150.10 154.10 

1952------------ 140.74 143.33 142.54 141.59 139.57 142.27 145.33 145.43 144.93 145.38 143.43 144.63 

1951------------ 141.21 141.10 144.27 147.47 150.80 143.22 140.66 138.40 140.65 140.64 138.75 139.48 

1950------------ 134.83 136.97 135.71 129.14 135.54 137.94 136.66 139.32 138.76 138.97 139.48 140.63 

1949------------ 133.37 133.65 134.51 131.73 136.42 134.44 138.84 136.56 134.80 135.82 136.16 134.92 

1948------------ 128.54 132.25 132.10 134.82 130.69 123.15 132.48 133.49 134.00 131.77 132.52 134.11 

1947------------ 131.61 127.20 128.19 125.07 127.00 125.09 122.59 123.71 123.78 125.54 126.26 125.31 

1946------------ 101.10 102.06 102.52 102.94 104.68 106.06 108.45 114.65 119.49 128.80 136.58 137.01 

1945------------ 108.85 109.13 107.47 109.59 109.09 106.55 105.39 103.22 103.03 102.58 104.58 103.03 

1944------------ 106.56 106.69 106.24 107.96 108.44 111.91 114.25 110.74 102.57 106.17 109.63 111.20 

1943------------ 112.21 113.05 116.09 115.11 113.10 112.93 113.11 112.42 108.48 107.39 105.21 102.93 

1942------------ 107.84 109.95 108.54 110.29 106.45 105.15 105.39 107.32 109.16 110.40 106.33 103.98 

Nonwhite Trend-cycle: rates per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years 

1963 152.13 151.50 151.42 151.27 150.83 150.63 150.51 150.01 149.16 

1962------------ 155.45 155.29 155.37 155.22 154.68 153.92 153.39 153.00 152.96 152.94 152.89 152.57 

1961------------ 160.62 161.01 160.60 160.29 160.02 159.28 158.29 157.80 157.02 156.21 155.99 ;;;.;; 

1960------------ 159.17 158.87 158.28 157.96 157.42 157.91 158.23 158.61 159.36 159.81 159.91 

1959------------ 163.73 163.12 162.53 161.90 ;;;.;; 161.52 160.98 160.60 160.08 159.69 159.46 159:03 

1958------------ 159.51 158.99 159.11 159.26 159.53 160.66 161.96 163.32 164.09 164.01 164.22 

1957------------ 162.17 162.84 163.44 164.45 165:10 164.79 164.36 163.74 162.72 161.99 161.14 160.45 

1956------------ 159.30 160.44 160.66 160.18 159.86 160.36 161.36 161.84 161.97 162.23 162.07 161.79 

1955------------ 154.56 154.87 155.02 155.00 155.03 154.93 154.73 154.80 155.33 156.46 157.42 158.58 

1954------------ 151.21 151.34 151.71 152.34 153.26 154.29 154.26 154.79 155.05 154.97 155.11 154.87 

1953------------ 144.25 143.70 143.98 144.53 145.91 147.86 149.60 149.72 150.26 150.49 150.55 151.09 

1952------------ 140.97 141.54 141.96 142.25 142.52 142.79 143.95 144.61 144.67 144.78 144.68 144.42 

1951------------ ~g .;; 142.60 143.39 143.98 143.18 141.84 140.65 140.25 140.18 139.58 139.82 140.50 

1950------------ 135.35 135.68 136.12 136.66 137.04 137.94 138.35 139.00 139.57 140.26 140.82 

1949------------ 133:00 133.73 133.95 134.46 135.59 136.04 136.01 136.35 135.95 135.76 135.36 135.34 

1948------------ 128.50 129.90 131.33 132.34 132.48 132.68 132.95 132.83 133.28 133.03 132.86 :;;.:; 

1947------------ 128.69 128.12 128.23 127.25 125.71 124.84 123.93 124.09 124.16 124.74 125.80 

1946------------ 102.04 101.96 102.12 103.03 104.73 107.27 111.17 114.95 118.16 123.16 125.96. 128:97 

1945------------ 109.25 109.08 108.67 108.15 107.81 106.74 105.45 104.28 103.78 103.29 102.84 102.43 

1944------------ 105.73 106.03 106.97 107.92 109.03 110.34 111.14 111.02 110.85 109.87 109.94 109.52 

1943------------ 113.13 114.04 114.26 114.24 114.06 113.34 112.15 110.87 109.30 107.60 106.37 105.61 

1942------------ 105.21 105.10 105.59 106.54 107.30 108.17 109.69 110.83 112.05
 I 

35 
Table 5. Birth rates by month; observed rates, seasonally adjusted rates, and trend-cycle: United States, 1933.63


(Notes btables given
onpageV) 

Month


Year


Jan. Feb. Mar. APr . May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. NOv . Dec.


Observed rates per 1,000 population


1963------------ 21.53 21.8; 21.57 21.12 21.13 21.6( 22.73 23.1: 23.72 22.41 21.31 21.30 

1962------------ 22.18 22.6[ 22.56 21.7; 21.52 21.7: 23.24 24.21 24.34 23.17 22.29 22.24 

1961------------ 23.15 23.7: 23.55 22.6C 22.32 23.01 24.29 25.0: 25.29 23.95 23.15 22.88 

1960------------ 23.07 23.5; 23.32 22.51 22.15 22.8: 24.82 25.9.5 26.46 24.4E 23.83 24,07 

1959------------ 23.68 24.1$ 24.22 23.lC 22.77 23.8t 25.14 25.53 26.14 24.65 23.88 23.90 

1958------------ 23.73 24.4C 23.90 23.1: 23.50 23.9! 24.70 25.1: 26.65 25.46 24.35 24.29 

1957------------ 24.31 24.6> 24.38 23.92 24.06 25.07 26.45 26.51 27.02 26.07 24.88 24.56 

1956------------ 24.32 24.86 24.68 22.7E 22.49 24.57 26.35 27.21 27.45 26.16 25.09 25.06 

1955------------ 23.99 24.71 24.19 23.21 23.64 24.31 25.62 26.52 26.96 25.49 24.98 24.77 

1954------------ 24.69 24.8S 24.04 23.37 23.58 24.98 26.50 26.77 27.25 25.83 25.37 24.99 

1953------------ 24.45 24.85 23.84 22.4C 23.19 25.01 26.68 26.79 26.96 25.03 24.73 25.37 

1952------------ 24.10 24.79 24.47 23.25 23.12 24.73 26.52 26.87 27.18 25.69 24.85 24.64 

1951------------ 23.81 24.48 24.49 23.91 24.45 24.74 25.58 26.01 26.39 25.55 24,38 24.15 

1950------------ 23.72 24.04 23.39 21.25 21.89 24.08 24.98 25.71 25.74 24.61 23.82 23,71 

1949------------ 24.48 24.71 24.49 22.80 22.91 23.96 25.82 26.14 26.12 25.“15 24.24 23.5$J 

1948------------ 24.76 25.55 25.11 23.94 22.69 23.02 25.60 26.64 26.76 25.46 24.80 24.42 

1947------------ 29.11 28.52 27.74 25.68 25.74 26.41 26.91 26.98 27.01 25.96 25.03 24.24 

1946------------ 19.31 19.80 19.77 19.72 20.17 21.61 24.68 26.91 28.90 29.13 29.40 28.70 

1945------------ 20.89 20.97 20.36 19.57 19.53 20.39 21.16 21.34 21.42 20.23 19.72 19.42 

1944------------ 21.23 21.47 20.50 19.77 19.93 21.34 22.75 22.62 21.94 21.09 21.14 20.86 

1943------------ 23.98 24.00 23.31 22.22 21.56 22.56 23.52 23.71 23.56 22.11 21.08 20.69 

1942------------ 20.92 2L.48 21.14 20.13 19.86 20.88 22.18 23.12 24.62 24.55 23.57 23.09 

1941------------ 19.52 20.11 20.15 19.71 18.83 20.70 22.21 21.73 21.05 19.62 19.51 19.75 

1940------------ 18.90 19.57 19.25 18.85 18.96 19.34 20.36 20.69 20.60 19.22 18.54 18.52 

1939------------ 18.90 19.23 19.24 18.54 17.91 18.39 19.62 19.92 19.97 18.86 17.89 17.55 

1938------------ 19.32 19.78 19.45 18.87 18.62 18.80 20.10 20.34 20.07 18.95 18.34 17.99 

1937------------ 1.8.28 18.95 19.01 18.19 18.13 18.36 19.54 20.12 19.87 18.35 17.82 17.99 

1936------------ 18.49 19.16 19.11 17.85 17.26 18.44 19.32 19.26 19.20 18.05 17.37 17.11 

1935------------ 19.03 19.36 18.94 18.17 17.83 18.85 19.56 19.61 19.49 18.11 17.63 17.47 

1934------------- 18.86 19.01 18.47 17.96 18.44 18.62 19.32 20.09 20.44 19.29 18.62 18.25 

1933------------ 19.18 19.44 19.35 18.56 18.24 18.19 18.78 18.87 17.97 17.32 17.77 17.83 

36 
Table 5. Birth rates by month; observed rates, seasonally ‘adjusted rates, and trend-cycle: United States, 1933-63


(Notes totables
given on page V) 

MonCh 

Year


1963------------


1962------------


1961------------


1960------------


1959------------


1958------------


1957------------


1956------------


1955------------


1954------------


1953------------


1952------------


1951------------


1950------------


1949------------


1948------------


1947------------


1946------------


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------


1942------------


1941------------


1940------------


1939------------


1938------------


1937------------


1936------------


1935------------


1934------------


1933------------


Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. Nay June July Aug. Sept. Ott . Nov. Dec.


Seasonally adjt ted rates per I 300 population


22.33 22.15 22.01 22.23 22.43 22.26 22.03 21.64 21.84 21.78 21.44 21.39 

23.01 23.03 23.00 22.94 22.89 22.29 22.48 22.72 22.39 22.52 22.42 22.33 

24.04 24.07 24.03 23.84 23.72 23.60 23.49 23.46 23.27 23.25 23.29 22.99 

23.96 23.88 23.84 23.77 23.54 23.37 23.96 24.39 24.36 23.70 23.95 24.22 

24.56 24.53 24.76 24.47 24.22 24.40 24.22 23.95 24.09 23.89 24.02 24.04 

24.64 24.75 24.49 24.60 24.95 24.46 23.77 23.57 24.54 24.69 24.47 24.46 

25.17 24.97 25.08 25.50 25.54 25.56 25.38 24.89 24.90 25.31 24.98 24.73 

25.12 25.18 25.47 24.34 23.90 24.97 25.22 25.55 25.35 25.37 25.19 25.24 

24.73 24.97 24.99 24.85 25.18 24.68 24.47 24.88 24.92 24.75 25.11 24.99 

25.38 25.09 24.76 25.05 25.19 25.28 25.31 25.14 25.23 25.10 25.50 25.24 

25.08 24.97 24.50 24.03 24.91 25.26 25.46 25.11 24.99 24.35 24.90 25.68 

24.67 24.89 25.07 24.95 24.86 24.98 25.28 25.21 25.24 24.99 25.00 25.02 

24.25 24.48 24.96 25.68 26.46 24.94 24.46 24.40 24.55 24.88 24.50 24.57 

24.08 24.04 23.79 22.85 23.69 24.27 23.95 24.14 23.99 23.94 23.94 24.19 

24.83 24.71 24.89 24:46 24.79 24.18 24.90 24.61 24.37 24.39 24.29 24.07 

25.04 25.55 25.57 25.66 24.50 23.25 24.76 25.13 24.99 24.69 24.78 24.89 

29.34 28.46 28.34 27.52 27.74 26.76 26.05 25.48 25.27 25.25 24.96 24.66 

19.45 19.76 20.19 21.09 21.69 21.92 23.91 25.46 27.03 28.36 29.31 29.23 

20.97 20.84 20.78 20.82 20.95 20.66 20.54 20.23 20.02 19.74 19.72 19.82 

21.29 21.30 20.85 20.94 21.34 21.60 22.07 21.44 20.56 20.62 21.27 21.37 

24.03 23.69 23.59 23.36 23.01 22.86 22.79 22.45 22.10 21.80 21.38 21.29 

20.94 21.14 21.27 21.03 21.08 21.18 21.41 21.85 23.14 24.38 24.10 23.90 

19.52 19.72 20.15 20.45 19.86 21.02 21.38 20.52 19.86 19.64 20.11 20.62 

18.90 19.17 19.10 19.41 19.90 19.67 19.60 19.52 19.43 19.32 19.27 19.45 

18.90 18.76 18.99 19.05 18.68 18.69 18.85 18.83 18.91 19.07 18.67 18.53 

19.34 19.32 19.18 19.35 19.36 19.05 19.25 19.21 19.08 19.20 19.22 19.06 

18.28 18.47 18.75 18.69 18.75 18.62 18.73 19.07 18.85 18.57 18.66 19.08 

18.49 18.69 18.83 18.33 17.81 18.70 18.56 18.31 18.23 18.29 18.19 18.14 

19.01 18.85 18.68 18.69 18.32 19.08 18.81 18.68 18.53 18.40 18.44 18.49 

18.86 18.51 18.21 18.50 18.91 18.83 18.63 19.17 19.39 19.60 19.48 19.29 

19.18 18.93 19.08 19.11 18.67 18.36 18.14 18.06 17.07 17.55 18.55 18.83 
--- --- ---

--- --- ---

Table 5. Birth rates by month; observed rates, seasonally adjusted rates, and trend-cycle: United States, 1933-63


(Notestotables
givenon pageV)


Month


Year


1963------------


1962------------


1961------------


1960------------


1959------------


1958------------


1957------------


1956------------


1955------------


1954------------


1953------------


1952------------


1951------------


1950------------


1949------------


1948------------


1947------------


1946------------


1945------------


1944------------


1943------------


1942------------


1941------------


1940------------


1939------------


1938------------


1937------------


1936------------


1935------------


1934------------


1933------------


Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Ott . Nov. Dec. 

1. 

Trend-cycle: rates r 1,000 population


22.29 22.21 22.21 22.20 22.17 22.13 22.04 21.94 21.83 

23.04 23.00 22.93 22.86 22.79 22.69 22.60 22.54 22.49 22.47 22.40 22.33 

24.05 24.03 23.95 23.82 23.76 23.63 23.49 23.43 23.32 23.24 23.18 23.10 

23.92 23.87 23.79 23.74 23.71 23.80 23.93 24.03 24.15 24.13 24.12 24.08 

24.59 24.56 24.54 24.48 24.38 24.29 24.18 24,11 24.06 24.00 24.00 23.96 

24.71 24.61 24.60 24.59 24.55 24.51 24.57 24.56 24.52 24.58 24.53 24.56 

25.18 25.21 25.28 25.37 25.43 25.40 25.33 25.19 25.09 24.96 24.90 24.82 

25.07 25.19 25.13 25.05 25.06 25.15 25.26 25.30 25.30 25.33 25.29 25.21 

25.08 25.03 24.98 24.91 24.85 24.78 24.73 24.75 24.79 24.89 24.97 25.03 

25.15 25.11 25.09 25.11 25.12 25.22 25.22 25.22 25.23 25.23 25.20 25.17 

24.95 24.88 24.84 24.93 25.04 25.11 25.22 25.13 25.11 25.08 25.11 25.15 

24.74 24.82 24.89 24.95 25.01 25.08 25.13 25.18 25.16 25.10 25.08 24.98 

24.43 24.54 24.72 24.82 24.78 24.60 24.56 24.61 24.62 24.59 24.64 24.69 

23.99 23.86 23.80 23.78 23.84 23.93 24.01 23.98 24.05 24.07 24.13 24.27 

24.77 24.80 24.73 24.69 24.70 24.64 24.58 24.55 24.42 24.32 24.15 24.05 

25.10 25.19 25.36 25.38 25.25 25.07 24.96 24.90 24,90 24.85 24.80 24,78 

29.09 28.88 28.46 27.90 27.30 26.69 26.09 25.68 25.28 25.07 24.96 24.98 

19.62 19.87 20.31 20.92 21.82 23.00 24.33 25.74 27.00 27.87 28.72 29.15 

20.99 20.95 20.90 20.88 20.84 20.72 20.51 20.23 20.02 19.82 19.63 19.53 

21.18 21.13 21.16 21.19 21.30 21.42 21.45 21.35 21.22 21.12 21.08 21.02 

24.02 23.93 23.68 23.45 23.18 22.90 22.65 22.36 22.04 21.72 21.49 21.33 

20.77 20.86 21.00 21.08 21.12 21.40 21.59 22.12 22.73 23.42 23.88 24.05 

19.62 19.78 20.02 20.23 20.47 20.54 20.55 20.33 20.31 20.29 20.45 20.62 

18.87 18.99 19.20 19.37 19.52 19.60 19.62 19.54 19.46 19.41 19.37 19.41 

19.04 18.94 18.84 18.83 18.81 18.79 L8.82 18.85 18.87 18.80 18..80 18.82 

19.19 19.29 19.27 19.23 19.20 19.1.8 19.18 19,18 19.21 19.24 19.16 19.07 

18.33 18.46 18.58 18.65 18.69 18.73 18.75 18.77 18.77 18.89 19.02 19.10 

18.52 18.56 18.58 18.62 18.63 18.53 18.45 18.39 18.31 18.24 18.21 18.27 

19.08 18.91 18.77 18.70 18.72 18.73 18,71 18.64 18.57 18.50 18.44 18.49 

18.52 18.54 18.57 18.61 18.71 18.86 19.06 19.22 19.32 19.40 19.34 19.21 

18.82 18.59 18.46 18.32 18.19 18.19 18.34 18.56 18.63 

38 
------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

---

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

---

--- --- ------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------

------------ --- ---

Table 6. Birth rates by month and color; observed rate.% seasonally adjusted rates, and trend-cycle: United States,


1942-63


(Notss to tables given.on page V) 

Month


Color and year


Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Ott . Nov. Dec.


~ White erred r tes pel 1,000 populati( 

1963 20.21 20.54 20.55 20.21 20.20 20.63 21.48 21.80 22.43 21.40 20.26 20.12 

1962 20.86 21.46 21.53 20.84 20.63 20.79 22.03 22.89 23.02 22.08 21.19 21.08 1961 21.72 22.45 22.42 21.69 21.40 21.95 22.90 23.68 23.99 22.80 21.98 21.69 

1960------------ 21.67 22.26 22.22 21.54 21.25 21.79 23.56 24.61 25.09 23.31 22.70 22.87 

1959 22.21 22.86 23.10 22.15 21.82 22.65 23.76 24.04 24.81 23.52 22.67 22.70 

1958 22.33 23.18 22.82 22.23 22.59 22.97 23.54 ;:.:5 25.11 24.20 23.07 23.00 

1957------------ 22.92 23.33 23.17 22.95 23.07 23.91 25.04 25.65 24.90 23.73 23.37 

1956------------ 22.88 23.53 23.43 21.79 21.57 23.38 25.00 25:75 26.05 24.99 23.87 23.81 ;;&----------- 22.68 23.44 23.10 22.25 22.67 23.20 24.35 25.14 25.63 24.37 23.79 23.54 23.37 23.70 23.06 22.48 22.63 23.85 25.16 25.42 25.93 24.74 ;;.;: 23.80 1953------------ 23.17 23.72 22.87 21.62 22.38 23.92 25.38 2.5.51 25.75 24.09 24.19 

1952------------ 22.90 23.62 23.47 22.49 22.39 23.79 25.38 25.70 26.08 24.72 23:91 23.59 1951 22.51 23.26 23.36 23.02 23.56 23.72 24.42 24.91 25.29 24.65 23.46 23.14 1950------------ 22.53 22.84 22.33 20.45 21.04 23.10 23.86 24.52 24.59 23.61 22.79 22.60 1949 23.39 23.63 23.53 22.05 22.11 23.06 24.71 25.07 25.09 24.26 23.30 22.58 

1948 23.79 24.56 24.24 23.16 21.95 22.29 24.64 25.68 25.78 24.68 23.98 23.48 

1947------------ 28.50 27.98 27.26 25.31 25.41 25.99 26.37 26.34 26.35 25.41 24.39 23.50 

1946------------ 18.53 19.04 19.11 19.25 19.77 21.17 24.29 26.51 28.56 28.82 28.93 28.14 1945------------ 20.02 20.10 19.60 18.87 18.91 19.78 20,47 20.64 20.72 19.65 19.04 18.71 1944------------ 20.44 20.70 19.77 19.11 19.33 20.66 21.96 21.83 21.28 20.49 20,46 20.07 

1943 23.31 23.30 22.58 21.60 21.00 21.97 22.82 22.96 22.88 21.56 20.51 20.07 

1942 20.04 20.59 20.37 19.39 19.26 20.29 21.53”! 22.43 24.01 24.15 23.18 22,66 

White Seasonally adjusted rates per 1,000 population 

) 1963------------

1962------------ 21.21 

21.89 

20.96 

21.88 

20.91 

21.86 

21.10 21.22 21.16 20.89 20.49 20.71 

21.75 21.72 21.30 21.39 21.57 21.24 

20.72 

21.37 

20.36 

21.30 

20.24 

21.21 1961------------ 22.79 22.86 22.78 22.69 22.53 22.42 22.25 22.34 22.13 22.03 22.11 21.82 1960------------ 22.74 22.67 22.60 22.55 22.34 22.21 22.85 23.26 23.17 22.48 22.81 23.03 1959------------ 23.28 23.26 23.50 23.19 22.99 ;;.;; 23.02 22.68 22.93 22.68 22.78 22.86 

1958------------ 23.43 23.60 23.33 23.40 23.78 22.77 22.25 23.16 23.34 23.19 23.19 

1957------------ 23.97 23.73 23.76 24.23 24.28 24;27 24.15 23.65 23.68 24.06 23.80 23.56 

1956------------ 23.88 23.89 24.13 23.06 22.73 23.71 24.04 24.27 24.10 24.17 23.94 24.03 

1955------------ 23.63 23.77 23.81 23.62 23.96 23.51 23.35 23.65 23.73 23.61 23.86 23.78 

1954------------ 24.27 23.99 23.72 23.91 23.97 24.09 24.10 ;;.;: 24.03. 23.97 24.29 24.09 

1953 23.96 23.94 23.46 23.07 23.83 24.11 24.31 23.89 23.39 23.75 24.53 1952------------ 23.63 23.81 24.02 24.03 23.90 23.98 24.29 24;18 24.22 23.98 24.01 23.97 

1951 23.13 23.40 23.84 24.59 25.31 23.86 23.39 23.41 23.53 23.89 23.53 23.54 

1950------------ 23.08 22.98 22.76 21.94 22.62 23.24 22.90 23.05 22.90 22.83 22.86 23.06 

1949 23.92 23.80 23.99 23.61 23.80 23.221 23.83 23.63 23.38 23.39 23.28 23.06 1948------------ 24.25 24.73 24,76 24.82 23.60 22.47 23.83 24.23 24.03 23.78 23.88 23.96 

1947------------ 28.93 28.15 27.96 27.16 27.29 26.25 25.53 24.90 24.56 24.50 24.24 23.93 

1946 18.77 19.17 19.66 20.63 21.24 21.43 23.51 25.08 26.59 27.74 28.73 28.63 

1945------------ 20.24 20.22 20.23 20.18 20.27 20.02 19.87 19.58 19.22 18.91 18.91 19.05 

1944------------ 20.63 20.85 20.44 20.44 20.70 20.91 21.30 20.73 19.72 19.70 20.32 20.44 

1943 23.52 23.39 23.37 23.05 22.51 22.28 22.13 21.80 21.15 20.73 20.39 20.42 

1942------------ 20.22 20.67 21.09 20.72 20.62 20.60 20.82 21.28 22.13 23.29 23.09 23.05 

W Trend- cycle: rates per 1,000 population 

1963 21.13 21.07 21.07 21.08 21.05 21.01 20.91 20.82 20.?0 

1962 21.88 21.85 21.78 21.71 21.62 21.54 21.47 21.41 21.35 21.32 21.26 21.19 

1961------------ 22.86 22.83 22.77 22.61 22.57 22.44 22.33 22.26 22.16 22.09 22.02 21.94 

1960------------ 22.72 22.65 22.58 22.56 22.50 22.62 22.75 22.87 23.03 22.99 22.96 22.91 

1959------------ 23.30 23.27 23.27 23.23 23.14 23.06 22.95 22.88 22.84 ;;.;3 22.78 22.79 

1958------------ 23.57 23.46 23.46 23.43 23.38 23.30 23.30 23.23 23.21 23.26 23.27 

1957------------ 23.95 23.95 24.02 24.11 24.20 24.17 24.08 23.98 23.87 23;76 23.72 23.65 

1956------------ 23.82 :;:;; 23.88 23.82 23.85 23.93 24.03 24.06 24.05 24.09 24.05 23.98 

1955 23.90 23.78 23.70 23.65 23.60 23.55 23.58 23.61 23.70 23.77 23.79 

1954------------ 24.01 24.00 23.98 23.96 23.96 24.01 24.00 24.02 24.06 24.04 24.00 24.01 

1953------------ 23.91 23.85 23.80 23.85 23.92 24.00 24.05 23.94 23.91 23.88 23.95 23.99 

1952------------ 23.75 23.82 23.90 23.99 24.02 24.08 24.11 2k.15 24.13 24.08 24.02 23.95 

1951 23.30 23.41 23.59 23.68 23.68 23.54 23.54 23.59 23.59 23.57 23.63 23.65 

1950------------ 22.94 22.81 22.75 22.72 22.76 22.88 22.93 22.92 22.96 22.98 23.04 23.16 

1949 23.86 23.92 23.81 23.77 23.74 23.68 23.60 23.53 23.40 23.32 23.15 23.01 

1948------------ 24.32 24.42 24.59 24.55 24.41 24.20 24.03 23.95 23.96 23.92 23.89 23.86 

1947 28.69 28.52 28.09 27.50 26.76 26.10 25.48 25.04 24.64 24.39 24.25 24.25 

1946 18.95 19.25 19.73 20.38 21.35 22.56 23.96 25.36 26.62 27.45 28.28 28.71 

1945 20.26 20.25 20.22 20.20 20.16 20.03 19.81 19.52 19.28 19.06 18.90 18.81 

1944 20.42 20047 20.58 20.65 20.71 20.78 20.90 20.84 20.64 20.47 20.38 20.31 

1943 23.49 23.48 23.34 23.09 22.76 22.38 22.00 21.57 21.15 20.77 ;;.;: 20.45 

1942 I 20.29 20.42 20.72 20.97 21.41 21.92 22.55 . 23.36 

39 
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--- ---

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--- ---

Table 6. Birth rates by month and color; observed rates, seasonally adjusted rates, and trend-cycle: United States, 

1942-63-Con. 

(Notes tot~bles given
onpageV) 

Month


Color and year 

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug , Sept. Oct. NOV. Dec.


Ncmwhit e Observed rates per 1,000 population


L963------------ 31.85 31.72 29.44 27.73 27.95 29.41 32.25 33.54 33.83 30.30 29.49, 30.44


1962 32.55 32.29 30.74 28.99 28.51 29.24 32.67 34.67 34.54 31.77 30.91 31.42


1961 34.20 33.58 32.24 29.52 29.35 31.09 34.92 35.38 35.26 32.76 32.08 31.97


1960 34.05 33.31 31.85 29.98 29.09 30.85 34.57 36.56 37.03 33.28 32.53 33.29


1959------------ 35.46 34.75 33.10 30.61 30.26 33.44 36.10 37.28 36.57 33.51 33.26 33.23


1958------------ 35.19 34.25 32.61 30.60 30.74 31.77 33.98 37.46 39.11 35.52 34.66 34.70


1957------------ 35.80 ::.:: 34.39 31.88 32.17 34.55 38.09 38.30 38.30 35.57 34.29 34.34


1956------------ 36.27 34.95 30.83 29.97 34.31 37.47 39.22 38.97 35.79 35.07 35.32


1955------------ 34.95 35:31 33.19 31.08 31.56 33.46 36.15 37.93 37.88 34.66 34.78 34.94


1954 35.76 34.85 32.14 30.73 31.34 34.39 37.68 38.07 38.25 34.81 34.99 34.86


W;-: 35.24 34.32 31.96 28.85 29.93 34.18 37.56 ;;.;; 37.13 32.82 33.87, 35.22


34.33 34.79 32.98 29.66 29.20 32.64 36.22 36.52 33.84 32.78 33.50


1951 34.99 34.90 34.12 31.50 31.92 33.35 35.41 35:34 35.77 33.10 32.09 32.74


1950 34.06 34.54 32.61 28.16 29.16 32.47 34.67 35.97 35.71 33.16 32.67 33.38


1949------------ 33.96 34.10 32.81 29.25 29.80 31.81 35.42 35.51 35.09 32.85 32.30 32.38


W&------------ 33.07 34.07 32.48 30.53 28.97 29.28 33.85 34.84 35.11 32.04 31.81 32.49


34.26 33.11 31.78 28.68 28.44 29.91 31.49 32.49 32.67 30.66 30.59 30.71


1946------------ 26.33 26.57 25.54 23.79 23.61 25.40 27.92 30.21 31.62 31.54 33.22 33.52


1945------------ 28.48 28.54 26.89 25.57 24.79 25.59 27.06 27.22 27.40 25.14 25.50 25.55


:;%; 29.87 30.15 29.69 27.60 26.37 27.66 29.67 30.26 29.40 26.73 26.03 

1942------------ 28.96 29.60 28.03 26.78 25.13 26.07 27.93 29.16 29.81 27.65 26.55 26:58 

Nonwhite Seasonally adjusted rates per 1,000 population 

1963------------ ;;%::-----------

1960------------ 1959------------ 1958 

1957 

1956 

1955 

1954 

31.10 

31.79 

33.40 

33.28 

34.63 

34.40 

35.00 

35.39 

34.03 

34.79 

31.31 

31.91 

33.25 

33.05 

34.51 

34.01 

35.09 

35.65 

34.79 

34.23 

30.54 

31.89 

33.44 

33.04 

34.30 

33.83 

35.75 

36.37 

34.39 

33.03 

30.74 31.19 31.09 

32.18 31.89 30.88 

32.76 32.79 32.86 

33.31 32.50 32.47 

34.05 33.85 35.05 

34.23 34.35 33.06 

35.74 35.86 35.77 

34.68 33.41 35.30 

35.04 35.18 34.39 

34.64 35.02 35.20 

30.74 30.52 30.67 

31.03 31.52 31.37 

33.16 32.19 32.03 

32.71 33.33 33.69 

34.,09 33.92 33.31 

32.00 34.12 35.75 

35.83 34.91 35.01 

35.15 35.85 35.75 

33.88 34.77 34.82 

35.31 34.99 35.22 

29.97 

31.42 

32.37 

32.85 

33.11 

35.20 

35.32 

35.58 

34.49 

34.74 

29.73 

31.16 

32.31 

32.79 

33.53 

&;: 

35:35 

35.17 

35.52 

30.38 

31.36 

31.94 

33.29 

33.23 

34.77 

34.41 

35.36 

35.01 

34.96 

28.21 28.14 26.87 25.48 25.00 27.16 29.62 29.47 27.50 26.21 26.89 ;~.;:


1953------------ 34.15 33.45 32.68 32.56 33.59 34.91 35.30 34.59 34.28 32.89 34.49 35.36


1952------------ 33.20 33,78 33.55 33.36 32.74 33.37 34.04 34.03 33.88 ::.;: 33.45 33.70


1951------------ 33.74 33.72 34.43 35.23 35.91 34.07 33.41 32.84 33.34 32.81 32.94


1950 32.72 33.18 32.84 31.29 32.73 33.23 32.92 33.52 33.34 33:36 33.47 33.65


1949------------ 32.65 32.69 32.91 32.21 33.33, 32.79 33.83 33.28 32.83 33.02 33.09 32.71


1948------------ 31.74 32.63 32.58 33.22 32.19 30.31 32.58 32.81 32.94 32.30 32.49 32.75


1947 32.82 31.62 31.91 31.07 31.56 31.06 30.43 30.65 30.68 31.03 31.21 30.86


1946 25.22 25.45 25.54 25.64 26,06 26.43 27.00 28.55 29.75 31.96 33.90 33.65


1945 27.31 27.34 26.92 27.41 27.27 26.63 26.30 25.75 25.75 25.55 26.05 25.58


1944------------ 27.02 27.01 26.90 27.28 27.38 28.26 28.79 27.88 25.85 26.66 27.49 27.76


1943 28.72 28.93 29.69 29.42 28.88 28.78 28.83 28.63 27.66 27.28 26.70 25.99


1942------------ 27.85 28.41 28.03 28.46 27.49 27.13 27.12 27.56 28.04 28.36 27.26 26.63


lionwhite Trend-cycle: rates per 1,000 population


..-
 1963----------- 31.17 31.05 31.03 30.97 30.91 30.84 30.81 30.74 30.60


1962 31.92 31.87 31,87 31.80 31.68 31.52 31.44 31.34 31.34 31.34 31.32 31.26


1961------------ 33.22 33.27 33.16 33.07 32.96 32.80 32.57 32.48 32.30 32.15 32.09 32.02


W&:---------- 33.23 33.14 33.02 32.89 32.79 32.82 32.90 32.92 ;;.g: 33.10 33.09 33.18


34.68 34.50 34.33 34.15 34.08 34.03 33.87 33.72 33.46 33.35 33.24


1958------------ 34.22 34.09 34.04 34.03 34.01 33.97 34.17 34040 34:69 34.84 34.80 34.77


1957 35.35 35.45 35*53 35.70 35.80 35.69 35.56 35.41 35.15 34.91 34.70 34.50


1956------------ 35.29 35.49 35.49 35.37 35.25 35.31 35.46 35.51 35.49 35.50 35.42 35.31


1955------------ 34.79 34.83 34.81 34.75 34.70 34.63 34.54 34.51 34.58 34.76 34.96 35.18


1954------------ 34.64 34.64 34.68 34.77 34.96 35.15 35.05 35.12 35.13 35.06 35.04 34.94


1953 33.56 33.39 33.39 33.47 33.75 34.19 34.52 34.54 36.62 34.63 34.61 34.62


1952------------ 33.26 33.39 33.41 33.44 33.46 33.52 33.76 33.87 33.85 33.80 33.74 33.63


1951 33.91 34.02 34.20 34.27 34.04 33.68 33.39 33.26 33.17 ;:.:; 33.10 33.20


;;95:------------ 32.87 32.78 32.85 32.92 32.98 33.04 33.19 33.28 ;;.;; 33.58 33.70


32.56 32.70 32.73 32.86 33.08 33.16 33.16 33.21 32:98 32.86 32.83


1948 31.70 32.06 32.39 32.62 32.65 32.68 32.69 32.64 32:70 32.64 32.58 32.55


1947------------ 32.27 32.03 31.95 31.62 31.22 31.01 30.72 30.72 30.72 30.84 &:; 31.32


1946------------ 25.37 25.38 25.43 25.69 26.09 26.71 27.71 28.65 29.63 30.88 32.35


1945------------ 27.36 27.29 27.17 27.07 26.95 26.69 26.35 26.03 25.86 25.73 25:59 25.48


W:------------- 26.80 26.85 27.06 27.28 27.55 27.85 28.02 27.9h 27.85 27.55 27.55 27.42


29.01 29.19 29.25 29.18 29.15 28.92 28.59 28.21 27.82 27.34 27.00 26.78


1942 ..- 27.09 27.06 27.17 27.40 27.57 27.77 28.17 28.44 28.72


40 
APPENDIX


TECHNICAL NOTES ON METHODS


Seasonally Adiusted Birth Statistics 

Seasonal adjustment of birth statistics can be 

accomplished in several ways. 19 Among the early 

methods used were monthly means and link relatives. 

The seasonal adjustment method most widely used 

today is the ratio-to-moving-average method developed 

during the 1920’s by Frederick Macaulay at the Nacional 

Bureau of Economic Research. The advantages of this 

method are its relative precision in measuring time 

series components and its flexibility; it is, however, 

the most laborious method of seasonal adjustment. 

The advent of the electronic computer with its capacities for making rapid statistical computations 

has made practicable the application of this method 

to time series of birth statistics. 

% Adaptations of the ratio-to-moving-average method, programmed for the electronic computer, were 

developed by the U.S. Bureau of the Census in 1954 

(Census Method II) 20 and more recently by the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS Seasonal Factor 

Method) .21 Fundamental to both methods are the 

concepts that the 12-month moving average is a first 

approximation of the trend-cycle and that the original 

time series (0) can be represented by a multiplicative 

relationship among the components (o = T x C x S x 1). 

However, the programs differ technically in certain 

respects—mainly in their treatment of extreme monthly 

values, which are eliminated by a control chart procedure, and in their final estimate of the trend-cycle. 

The BLS Method and Census Method H (version 

X-9) give similar results for 1948-54 (table I). There 

are no differences larger than O.7 percent in the average seasonal pattern based on these two methods. 

However, results differ for the pattern of change in 

the seasonal component over time; in general, the 

BLS Method shows less variation in the seasonal factors because “credence factors, ” discussed later, 

reduce the impact of large irregular values associated 

with certain observations. 

In this report time series components were estimated using the BLS program, and measures of 

relationships among components were based on concepts developed at the Bureau of the Census. The 

BLS Seasonal Factor Method and Census Method 11 

are undergoing periodic revision and refinement. The 

BLS Method was introduced about 5 years ago, but 

the version used in this report was developed in 1964. 

In 1965 the X-n version of Method II replaced X-9 

and X-10 versions as the standard program at the 

Bureau of the Census .22 

Description of the BLS SeasonaI Factor Method 

The BLS Seasonal Factor Method assumes a 

multiplicative relationship among the constituent parts 

of a time series, that is, among the mend-cycle (T), 

the seasonal component (S), and the irregular movements (I). When multiplied together, these components 

exhaust the original observations. The following description of the BLS Method is based on the document 

cited in reference 21, pages 2-12. 

The method by which the components of the time 

series are developed is an iterative one in which 

each of the three iterations results in an improved 

estimate of the components. Each iteration is composed of two phases. The first phase starts with a 

centered 12-month moving average as the estimate 

of trend-cycle; the second phase starts with an improved 12-month moving average that is based on 

information from the first phase. 

A feature of the BLS Method is the use of “credence factors” which are used as supplementary 

weights to reduce the impact of large irregular values 

associated with certain observations. Observations 

with a small irregular component are given fill 

weight in developing the trend-cycle and seasonal 

factors (credence factor of 1.0); observations with 

large irregulars tie given rio weight (credence factor 

of O.0). Observations in between are given weights 

commensurate with the size of their irregular values, 

weights between the value of one and zero. 

The first phase of the first iteration starts with a 

centered 12-month moving average of the original 

observations as an estimate of the trend-cycle. Ratios 

of the original observations to the centered 21-rnonth 

moving average produce a series of seasonal-irregular ratios (0/T= s xI), which are -_wed by 

month. A smooth curve fitted to these ratios yields 

an estimate of unforced seasonal factors. These 

ratios are then adjusted to yield a monthly average 

of 100.0 for the calendar year. The forced seasonal 

factors (S) are divided into each seasonal-irregular 

ratio (S x ~ to yield the random or irregular ratio 

(*L ~ 

41’ 
The second phase of the first iteration starts 

with an improved estimate of the trend-cycle, secured 

by multiplying the 12-month moving average of the 

original observations with the residual trend-cycle 

that can be extracted from the irregular developed 

above. The residual trend-cycle in the irregular is 

represented by a weighted moving average of the 

irregulars. The improved trend-cycle is used to 

develop new S x1 ratios, new unforced seasonals, new 

forced seasonals, and new irregulars, as in the first 

phase of the first iteration. 

The trend-cycle and the seasonal components 

developed at this point represent the components 

of the original series fairly well, except that they 

have been influenced too much by original values 

associated with large irregulars. Such original values 

are identified by calculating a moving standard deviation of the irregulars and using this to calibrate 

the relative size of each irregular. 

Having identified the values associated with large 

irregidars, preliminary “credence factors” are assigned to each value based on its standardized irregular. By combining these credence factors with tbe 

S xZ ratios in phase two, new unforced seasonals, 

seasonals, and irregulars can be computed in which 

the impact of extreme irregulars in the original 

observations is reduced. 

The second and third iterations, with two phases 

in each, are designed to further reduce the impact of 

large irregular values. These iterations are similar, 

step by step, to the first iteration, except that they 

start with an improved 12-month moving average of 

the original data in which the original values with 

large irregular components are scaled down by using 

credence factors developed in earlier iterations. 

The final iteration yields the seasonal component, 

irregular component, and trend-cycle component of the 

original series. Division of the seasonal factors into 

the corresponding figures of the original observations 

produces the standard seasonally adjusted series, 

containing only the trend-cycle and irregular components of the series. 

Births 

Numbers of births for the period 1933-63 are 

published in the amual volumes Vital Statistics of the 

United States. They are based on information obtained 

from copies of the original birth certificates received by the National Center for Health Statistics 

from the registration offices of all States, certain 

cities, and the District of Columbia. The data are 

confined to events registered within the United States 

and include events occurring to nonresident aliens; 

the data do not include any births occurring outside 

the United States. Figures for the United States include Alaska beginning in 1959 and Hawaii in 1960. 

Registered live births by color for the United 

States and each geographic region, upon which the 

observed rates and seasonally adjusted series in this 

report are based, are shown in tables II and III. Prior 

to seasonal adjustment, births were adjusted for 

varying number of days in each month and for underregistration. 

Births by color were not available for New Jersey 

in 1962 and 1963; therefore, tables that show color , 

for these years exclude data for the residents of New 

Jersey. 

Birth-Registration Completeness 

Births in this report have been adjusted for 

incompleteness of registration, except where indicated. 

The adjustments are based on the results of nationwide tests of completeness of birth registration made 

in both 1940 and 1950. Registration completeness for 

the Nation as a whole in 1933 is estimated aa 90.2 percent; in 1963, about 98.9 percent. 

Sampling 

Final birth data for 1951-54 and 1956-63 have been 

derived from 50-percent samples of birth records. ~ 

Statistics for these years were obtained by multiplying 

the sample figures by 2. 

Population Bases for Rates 

Except for 1941-46 when the populations include 

Armed Forces overseas, rates shown in this report 

are based on populations residing in the United States. 

The population excludes the Armed Forces overseas 

and persons living abroad but include the Armed 

Forces stationed in the United States. Rates are estimated for the population residing in the United States 

in a specified month. The monthly populations were 

derived by linear interpolation between annual estimates provided by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. 

Computer Processing Time Series 

Because the BLS Seasonal Factor Method, programmed for the IBM 1401, can process time series 

whose maximum length is 20 years, it was necessary 

when seasonally adjusting births and birth rates for 

31 years (1933-63) and for 22 years (1942-63) to 

make more than one computer pass for each series 

and to splice the seasonally adjusted data at points 

that minimized discontinuities in the time series. 

42 
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------------

------------

------------

------------

Table I. Seasonal indexes Of birth rates by month, estimated by BLS.Seasonal Factor Method (1964) and by Census


Method II, X-9: United States, 1948-54


(Notss totables
 given on page V) 

Month


Year 

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.


I


BLS Seasonal Factor Method


1948-54--- 98.1 99.8 97.9 93.2 92.8 99.0 104.3 106.4 107.5 102.9 99.6 98.4
 — — —


1954 97.3 99.2 97.1 93.3 93.6 98.8 104.7 106.5 108.0 102.9 99.5 99.0 

1953 97.5 99.5 97.3 93.2 93.1 99.0 104.8 106.7 107.9 102.8 99.3 98.8 

1952 97.7 99.6 97.6 93.2 93.0 99.0 104.9 106.6 107.7 102.8 99.4 98.5 

1951 98.2 100.0 98.1 93.1 92.4 99.2 104.6 106.6 107.5 102.7 99.5 98.3 

1950 98.5 100.0 98.3 93.0 92.4 99.2 104.3 106.5 107.3 102.8 99.5 98.0 

1949------------ 98.6 100.0 98.4 93.2 92.4 99.1 103.7 106.2 107.2 103.1 99.8 98.0 

1948 98.9 100.0 98.2 93.3 92.6 99.0 103.4 106.0 107.1 T103.1 100.1
 98.1

Census Method II, X-9


1948-54--- 98.0 92.8 93.0
 _ — —


)	 1954------------ 98.2 99.6 96.2 92.1 93.6


1953 98.0 99.7 96.7 92.3 93.5


1952 97.9 99.8 97.5 92.6 93.2


1.951 98.1 99.9 98.1 92.6 93.2


1950------------ 98.3 100.1 98.7 92.5 92.8


1949 98.3 100.2 99.0 93.0 92.6


1948 98.1 100.4 99.3 93.8 92.2


98.6 105.0


99.9 106.1


99.7 105.8


99.5 105.2


99.3 104.6


98.7 104.4


97.4 104.5
 1
 96.0 104.7


106.9 107.6 102.3 99.3 98.3
 —


106.8 107.9 101.3 99.5 99.0


106.7 107.9 101.5 99.2 98.9


106.7 107.8 102.1 99.0 98.5


106.6 107.5 102.7 99.0 98.1


106.8 107.4 102.9 99.1 97.8


107.2 107.4 102.9 99.4 97.7
 1

107.6 107.7 102.8 99.6 97.8


43 
Table 11. Registeredlive births, by month: United States and each geographicregion, 1933-63


Area and year


United States


1963-------------


1962-------------


1961-------------


1960-------------


1959-------------


1958-------------


1957-------------


1956-------------


1955-------------


1954-------------


1953-------------


1952-------------


1951-------------


1950-------------


1949-------------


1948-------------


1947-------------


1946-------------


1945-------------


1944-------------


1943-------------


1942-------------


1941-------------


1940-------------


1939-------------


1938-------------


1937-------------


1936-------------


1935-------------


1934-------------


1933-------------


(Notes b tables given
 onpageV)


Total Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May


4,098,020 339,188 310,846 340,494 322,936 334,238 

4,167,362 344,014 318,090 350,762 327,926 335,230 

4,268,326 353,286 327,502 360,322 335,120 342,404 

4,257,850 345,376 329,642 349,918 327,202 333,120 

4,244,796 349,334 322,706 358,192 331,144 337,614 

4,203,812 34&,236 319,968 347,378 326,178 342,518 

4,254,784 346,462 317,380 348,378 331,212 344,740 

4,163,090 339,074 324,828 344,912 308,530 315,230 

4,047,295 328,872 306,,418 332,407 309,198 325,859 

4,017,362 331,570 302,318 323,668 305,006 3183444 

3,902,120 322,488 296,312 315,132 2!86,962 307,382 

3,846,986 311,626 300,218 317;178 292,028 300,366 

3,750,850 303,538 282,118 312,820 295,924 312,970 

3,554,149 297,276 272,604 294,038 258,868 275,786 

3,559,529 299,255 273,195 300,117 270,770 281,595 

3,535,068 295,494 285,694 300,463 277,636 272,277 

3,699,940 340,460 301,932 325,740 292,375 303,461 

3,288,672 222,721 206,387 228,321 220,646 233,452 

2,7353456 236,566 214,692 230,989 215,029 221,984 

2,794,800 235,595 223,073 227,932 212,915 221,950 

2,934,860 261,958 237,078 255,166 235,675 236,609 

2,808,996 224,251 208,149 227,012 209,363 213,594 

2,513,427 205,011 190,876 211,875 200,781 198,270 

2,360,399 194,247 188,279 198,090 186,743 194,123 

2,265,588 192,416 176,904 196,123 182,990 182,774 

2,286,962 194,557 180,052 196,177 184,263 188,010 

2,203,337 182,232 170,698 189,650 L75,708 181,023 

2,144,790 182,221 176,711 188,522 170,489 L70,479 

2,155,105 186,051 171,058 185,375 172,177 1743705 

2,167,636 182,698 166,452 179,065 168,671 179,021 

2,081,232 180,545 165,986 183,762 171,354 174,811 

44

Table II. Registered live births,by month: United States and each geographicregion,1933-63-Con.


(Notes tn tables given& page V) 

June July Aug. Sept. Ott. Nov. Dec. 

331,982 360,454 367,290 365,002 356,866 328,732 339,992 

328,098 363,018 379,122 369,002 363,524 338,796 349,780 

341,990 373,522 385,484 377,628 370,114 346,556 354,398 

332,728 374,214 392,230 387,350 370,552 349,854 365,664 

342,814 3732766 380,078 377,220 368,198 345>688 358,042 

338,316 360,960 367,878 378,118 373,820 346,600 357,842 

348,054 380,020 381,448 377,002 376,254 348,158 355>676 

333,672 370,390 383,084 374,728 369,734 343>658 355,250 

324,847 354,267 367,221 361,973 354,304 336,565 345,364 

321,008 358,920 363,278 358,568 351,858 335,140 341,584 

321,246 354,464 356,450 347,740 334,202 319>966 339,776 

311,340 345,452 350,476 343,682 336,136 315,148 323,336 

306,788 328,208 334>264 328,708 329,166 304,302 312,044 

293,879 315,538 325,094 315,375 311,905 292,497 301,289 

285,442 318,218 322,774 312,623 311,480 290,956 293>104 

267,712 308,010 320,968 312,511 307,720 290,552 296,031 

301,913 318,340 319,681 310,145 308,540 288,366 288,987 

242,302 286,336 3123678 325,485 339,499 332,115 338,730 

224,512 240,951 243>155 236,448 230>965 218,052 222,113 

230,306 253,921 252,673 237,395 236,068 229,117 233,855 

239,850 258,656 260,985 251,169 243,810 225,284 .228,620 

217,609 239,127 249,525 257,448 265,589 246,991 250,338 

211P120 234,239 229,428 215,232 207,462 199,889 209,244 

192,404 210,125 213,669 206>103 198,763 185,710 192,143 

181,809 200,553 203,754 197,814 193,120 177,396 179,935 

183,822 203,183 205,742 196,692 192,035 179,917 182,512 

177,588 195,407 201,292 192,513 183,842 172,924 180,460 

176,341 190,986 190,494 183,819 178,672 166,482 ‘169,574 

178,786 191,888 192,449 185,218 177,945 167,643 171,810 

175,044 187,768 195,393 192,412 187,766 175,481 177,865 

169,255 180>880 181,856 167,637 167,055 i65,939 172,152 

45

Table II. Registeredlive births,bymonth: United States and each geographicregion,1933-63-Con.


Area and year


Northeast


1963-------------


1962-------------


1961-------------


1960-------------


1959-------------


1958-------------


1957-------------


1956-------------


1955-------------


1954-------------


1953-------------


1952-------------


1951-------------


1950-------------


1949-------------


1948-------------


1947-------------


1946-------------


1945-------------


1944-------------


1943-------------


1942-------------


1941-------------


1940-------------


1939-------------


1938-------------


1937-------------


1936-------------


1935-------------


1934-------------


1933-------------


North Central


1963-------------


1962-------------


1961-------------


1960-------------


1959-------------


1958-------------


1957-------------


1956-------------


1955-------------


1954-------------


1953-------------


1952-------------


1951-------------


1950-------------


1949-------------


1948-------------


1947-------------


1946-------------


1945-------------


1944-------------


1943-------------


1942-------------


1941-------------


1940-------------


1939-------------


1938-------------


1937-------------


1936-------------


1935-------------


1934-------------


1933-------------


(Notes to tables given on page V) 

Total Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. Nay 

941.552 76,858 70,912 78,502 80,634


944;510 76,608 72,010 75,984 77,462


976,996 79,204 753068 80,248 82,128


974,278 

976,558 

981,900 

949,254 

79.894 

78;754 

78,790 

76,310 

75,052 

75,030 

73,636 

74,o18 

78,586 

79,562 

79.994 

71;512 

81,250 

84,782 

83,436 

74.010 

931,627 74,611 70,154 76,663 

918,966 74.514 69,816 73,102 

890,430 

887,910 

859,826 

815,105 

819,644 

72;412 

71,110 

68,134 

66,907 

68,013 

67.892 68,478 

7L,678 

71,108 

62,707 

65,583 

827,115 67.064 67,011 

896,761 81;398 73;230 75,344 

792,426 

642.253 

51,901 

53,693 

53,314 

48,419 

49,870 

50.485 

53,946 

51,951 

50,528 

59;612 

53,085 

54,712 

64,440 58;501 59;129 59,649 

51,167 49,057 51,311 55,434 

970,052 77,396 75,500 76,430 7.7,088


46,059 43,707 47,877 :;,;:;


44,235 42,625 44,964


531;863 44,187 41,487 43,665 43;697


536,516 45,163 41,704 44,158 44;358


525,352 42,652 39,875 43,716 45,449


519,243 43.482 41,801 41,341 43,405


525,580 44;533 41,327 43.338 45,382


527,008 43,908 40,368 41;911 44,304


525,138 45,996 41,672 44,360 46,060


1,154,562 95,132 96,964 92,204 96,684


1,189,992 97,780 101,592 94>654 96,538


1,236,580 101,446 106,510 99,132 1(3;,::;


1>246,188 100,232 103,336 97,180


1,256,304 101,946 108,282 100,386 101;372


1,243,696 101,446 104,970 96,960 100,760


1,270,956 102,720 103,250 99,546 103,826


1,243,122 100,550 102,938 90.002 91,440


1,204,249 97,325 97,484 91;326 97,861


1,193,970 96,928 96,040 90,856 94,334


1,149,672 93,378 91,388 83,984 92,630


1,139,536 90,236 95,014 88,736 91,688


1,117,102 873398 93,086 89,786 95,074


1,047,335 85,748 85,605 74,688 81,462


1,043,569 86,883 88,631 80,124 83,510


1,025,605 84,602 87,899 81,102 75,550


1,074,586 97,507 94,620 84,619 89,390


945,755 61>427 65,541 64.330 6~.170


762,345 643748 63,.426 59;806 63;372


779,721 65,429 64,022 59,314 62,390


830.612 74,569 71.975 66,546 67,668


65,661 60;728 66;300 60,673 61.049


58,987 55,113 60,824 57,255 56;281


56,247 55,017 57,590 53,683 57,406


56,741 52.623 57,814 53,120 54,622


57,231 52;793 57,738 53,579 55,762


53,303 49,733 55,471 49,523” 51.324


53,285 52,280 56,224 49,715 49;406


54.027 49,642 53,361 48,959 49,990


52;437 48,068 51,464 48,096 53,574


53,331 49,099 54,014 49,903 51,096


495

Table 11. Registeredlive births,by month: United States and each geographicregion, 1933-.63—Con. 

(Notes to tablesgive. o. pageV) 

June Ju lY Aug. Sept. Ott. Nov. Dec.


78,872 83,594 81,524 81,524 80,138 73,952 76,674


73,670 81,880 85>482 83,672 82,372 76,094 78,664


81,226 85,398 86,418 84,418 82,756 77,560 78,632


76,354 84,342 88,312 87,046 85,214 79,724 82,124


.33,:;; 85,720 84,512 84,314 82,084 77.036 80>034


82,592 83,526 85,582 84,530 78;604 81.434


81;360 85,766 85,034 84,992 86,300 79,246 81;026


78,918 84,672 85,408 83,938 83,722 77,306 80,176


77,551- 79,876 80,386 79,848 79,756 75,530 77,316


74,638 80,996 80,050 80,150 79,130 75,828 76,822


74.838 79,582 78,686 ;;,;;: 76,278 71,682 75,884


73;750 79,326 77,852 76,314 70,996 72,312


;;,:;; 74,364 ;;,;:; 74;184 74,364 68,260 70,342


72,407 70,980 70,432 65,915 67,736


67;070 73,260 7L;825 69,815 71,126 65,486 66,173


64,775 71,862 72,857 71,331 71,047 67,211 67,857


75,358 76>194 74,718 72>628 72,300 67,858 67,777


60,259 69.531 75,136 77,913 81,193 79,364 81,041


54,585 56;133 55,767 54,645 54,309 50,876 51,655


55,255 57,993 56,156 53,705 53,892 52,292 52,618


59,412 61,332 60,337 58,393 57,090 52,414 52,590


55,267 59,067 59,190 62,921 67,179 62,846 63,642


51,941 55,736 53,969 50,667 49,227 47,081 50,127


46,274 50,832 49,348 473739 46,709 44,297 44,958


44,395 48,727 46.674 44,875 44,257 40,948 42,408


44,224 49,136 48;051 44,881 :;,;:; 41,745 42,328


44,208 47,164 46,887 44,136 40,649 42,605


44,448 47,L44 45,114 43,057 42;682 40,618 40,872


44,885 46,565 46,007 43,102 42,140 40.765 41,662


44,444 47,486 46,740 44,678 44,004 41;703 43.399


44,095 46,10C 45,568 41,969 40,431 40,398 41;929


95>528 lo2,00f m;>;:; 101,502 99,726 92>082 93,808 

94.380 103,88> 104,394 102,614 95,848 98,478 

97;87~ 108,40~ 111:170 108,212 106,272 99,918 102,016 

96,774 111,02C 115,980 112,43C 107>380 101,824 106,364 

101,74E 11O,57C 111,414 11o,29C 107,930 101,580 104,416 

101,64f 107,5OC 107,710 11o,46C 109,970 lol,77E :;;>:$$ 

105,62f 115>03[ 113,714 111,65~ H13778 103,33C


100,64; 112,81( 115,644 112,13C 111,154 102,26C 106:278


97,45f 106,68: 109>242 107>O7E 105,596 100,342 102;330


98,35E 107,24( 108,182 lo7,03~ 105,092 99,66E 100,732


95,7s 105,06( 105,184 102,24: 98,932 94,58E 100,146


94,48; 101,88: 103,020 100,991 98,598 92,36E 94,526


93,50/ 98,60: 98,826 97.3U 98,088 90,252 92>024


89.4M 94,79! 96,256 92;781 92,347 86,34E 88,174


83;177 92,84 94,746 91,56~ 91,367 85,39! ;;,:-2;


76>12; 90,25: 94,321 91,091 90,386 85.13:


89,44C 93,63$ 92.891 89,08: 89,882 83;10~ 83;171


69,965 83,22( 89;462 94,385 99,038 95,525 ‘97,756


64,047 68,39( 68,144 64,84: 64,332 60,50: 61,801


65,02C 71,38( 70,115 65,87: 65,476 63,71t 64,387


67,99: 73,781 73,995 70,64( 68,802 63,45: 64,043


64,886 71,511 74,241 75,55: 78,109 72,39: 72.342


62,28f 69,51( 67,827 64,76( 62,611 58,98S 61;615


57,092 62,50: 63,042 59,58: 58,877 54,401 55,125


54,16f 59,03L 59,255 57,21( 56,025 50,97( 51,557


54,88$ 61.06( 61,65C 58,02: 56,70( 52,81Y ::,::;


51,93( 58;73! 60.605 56,66( 54,11: 52,02:


53,01; 57,56: 57;26C 54,81! 53,20C 50,18[ 50:444


53,71( 58,25( 56,741 53,761 52,218 49,441 50,614


52,531 56,08[ 56,385 54,97: 54,485 51,21( 51>535


50,40: 53,31: 52,72: 48,01( 47,99L 48,08! 49,881


1 

47


I 
Table II. Registered live births,by month: United States and each geographic regionj1933-63-Con.


Area and year


South


1963-------------


1962-------------


1961-------------


1960-------------


1959-------------


1958-------------


1957-------------


1956-------------


1955-------------


1954-------------


1953-------------


1952-------------


1951-------------


1950-------------


1949-------------


L948---_---------


1947-------------


1946-------------


1945-------------


1944-------------


1943-------------


1942-------------


1941-------------


1940-------------


1939-------------


1938-------------


1937-------------


1936-------------


1935-------------


1934-------------


1933-------------


West


1963-------------


1962-------------


1961-------------


1960-------------


1959-------------


1958-------------


1957-------------


1956-------------


1955-------------


1954-------------


1953-------------


1952-------------


1951-----------_-


1950-------------


1949-------------


1948-------------


1947-------------


1946-------------


1945-------------


1944-------------


1943-------------


1942-------------


1941-------------


1940-------------


1939-------------


1938-------------


1937-------------


1936-------------


1935-------------


1934-------------


1933-------------


(Notes to tables given on page V) 

Total Jan. Feb , Mar. Apr. May 

1,319,450 112,218 101,456 107,830 97,658 99,602 

1,339,670 113,764 102,770 110,494 101,596 103,092 

1,356,490 116,332 104,916 111,304 99.928 102,028 

1,353,878 114,276 106,284 109,862 99;542 100,914 

1,363,734 116,700 103,528 111,208 100,278 101,324 

1,354,060 114,156 102,142 108,468 99,210 103,762 

1,370,000 115,378 102,688 110,836 10),;;: 104,504 

1,359,840 114,598 107,304 112,366 99,038 

1,328,884 111,419 102,365 107,215 95:838 99,421 

1,332,582 113,670 100,184 102.336 95,694 99,860 

1.302.542 112,534 100,538 102;426 89>904 96,212 

1;280;568 108.256 102,020 103,514 90,016 90>882 

1,268,476 108;114 97,302 104,146 95,462 99.952 

1,214,031 105,76: 94,582 99,813 83,478 88;574 

1,220,793 105,944 95,101 100,808 86,717 90,874 

1,214,890 105,99$ 100,308 100,601 92,006 90,129 

1,251,144 118.88C 103,261 107,993 93,718 95,304 

1,131,657 81;463 74,087 79,597 73,229 ;;,::; 

979,486 88,791 79,161 81,953 74,369 

1,021,966 88,336 82,911 82,441 75,219 75:801 

1,049,948 94,178 85,008 90,509 81,515 79,933 

979.766 83,522 76,359 80,773 73,235 71,400 

917;178 79,159 72,784 80,078 74,155 71,203 

866,688 74,307 71,287 73,303 ::,;;; 69,396 

:3:,;:; 72,420 :;,;;; 71.919 64,681 

72,985 72;417 67;705 67,846 

812:480 ;$ ;;>;;; 64,979 65>652 

786,219 69.247 63,064 60,454 

803,952 71;041 65:547 69:490 63,746 62.962 

818,740 70,686 63;529 67,415 63,404 65;283 

767,505 65,980 61,216 67,532 62,077 61,855 

68,637 :;:;


682.456 54,980 51,352 57,332 54,572 57,318 

693 ;190 55,862 51,888 58,064 55,692 58,138 

698,260 56,304 51,918 58,568 55,812 58,226 

687,732 53,472 52,000 56.198 54,050 57,278 

650,480 50,794 47,745 53;950 51.894 53,668 

629,498 49.880 47,504 52,41P 50;446 53,214 

631,928 49;574 46,022 51,972 50,248 52,974 

610,874 47,616 :;,;;; 50,344 48,456 50,742 

582,535 45,517 48,122 45,371 48,227 

571,844 46,458 42:812 48,110 45,354 47,512 

559,476 44,164 41,462 46,636 44,596 46,074 

538,972 42,024 40.730 43,798 41,598 44,292 

505,446 39,892 37;178 41.940 39,568 43,012 

477,678 38,856 35,910 40;090 37,995 $,;:; 

475,523 38,415 35,534 39,642 38,346 

467,458 37,830 35,774 39,270 37,517 39;468 

477,449 42,675 38,207 41,590 38,694 40,348 

418,834 27,930 25,957 29.072 29,141 30,666 

351,372 29,334 26,736 29;926 28.903 293552 

349.569 28,516 27,079 28,875 27;854 29,047 

348;072 28,771 26,436 29,741 28,485 29.359 

313,811 23,908 22,005 25,039 24,144 25;711 

266,831 20,806 19.272 21,910 21,494 22,884 

249,528 19,458 19;350 21.272 20,305 21,612 

234.35C 19,068 17,482 19;847 19.252 19,774 

232;621 19,178 17,427 19,738 18;821 20,044 

218,246 17,640 15,936 18,378 17,490 18,598 

201,931 16,207 15.434 16,720 16,369 17,214 

194,850 16,450 14;542 16,650 16,134 16,371 

191.030 15,667 14,487 16,123 15,260 15,860 

180;730 15,238 13,999 15,656 15,014 15,800 

48

Table II.Regiatered live birtha,by month: United States and each geographic region, 1933-63—con. 

(Notes to tablesgiveno. page v) 

June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 

101.724 115,290 123,696 121,852 117,824 107.692 112,608 

101;528 117,036 123,484 121,436 118,750 110;990 114,730 

104,622 119,296 125,960 123,884 120,638 112,360 115,222 

102,800 117,832 126.484 126,296 119,216 112,460 117,912 

106,724 120,414 126;700 124,470 120,584 113,656 118,148 

104.228 116,958 122,558 126.240 124,278 114,808 117,252 

108;318 123.300 126,546 124;594 122,746 113,696 115,970 

104,290 118;920 127.254 124,406 122,264 113,902 116,938 

101,734 116,199 125;297 123,279 117,782 112,417 115,918 

106,816 120,440 124,654 121,306 118,174 113,378 116,070 

104,374 120,862 122,520 118,520 111,424 108,226 115.002 

99,122 115,884 120,910 117,634 114,590 107,416 110:324 

100,058 110,596 115,724 113,234 112,248 104,622 107;018 

95,926 107,071 114,080 110,174 108,080 101.219 105,269 

95,713 110,201 113,671 109,725 107,998 101;427 102,614 

88,346 105,379 112,258 110,024 106.749 100,136 102,956 

98,161 106,807 110.694 108,257 106;948 100,611 100,510 

80.305 96,808 108;120 112,042 116,768 115.493 117,741 

76;77~ 85,292 88,704 86,724 82,807 78;853 80,081 

80,731 94,216 95,402 88,098 86,973 84,468 87,370 

83,117 92,440 96,159 91,964 88,748 82,352 84,025 

71,796 81,339 88,572 91,021 91,288 84,250 86,211 

74,129 84,018 83,676 77,694 73,363 71.854 75,065 

68,321 75.020 78,998 77,547 72,252 67;276 71,190 

63,369 72;284 76,815 75,778 72,862 66,785 67,044 

64,880 72,219 75.607 73,725 71,205 67,143 67,885 

63,069 69,881 74;041 72,934 69,358 63,025 65,515 

62,168 68,552 70,218 68,653 65,754 59,284 61,330 

63,741 69.682 72,317 71,789 67,482 62,218 63,937 

62,312 68;046 75,300 76,357 72,892 66,717 66,799 

59,724 66,091 68,233 63,402 63,644 62,770 64,981 

55,85E 59,564 60,270 60,124 59,17E 55,006 56.902 

58,520 60,220 61.746 59,500 59,788 55,864 57;908 

58,264 60,424 61;936 61,114 60,448 56,718 58,528 

56,830 61,020 61,454 61.578 58,742 55,846 59,264 

53,298 57.062 57,452 58;146 57,600 53,416 55,444 

51,802 53;910 54,084 55,836 55.042 51,410 53,952 

52,750 55,916 56,154 55,762 55;430 51.886 53,240 

49,822 53.982 54,778 54,254 52,594 50;184 51458 

48,104 51;505 ‘52,296 51,768 51,170 48,276 49,800 

47,196 50,244 50,392 50,078 49,462 46,266 47,960 

46.320 48,954 50,060 49,428 47,568 45.470 48,744 

43;986 48,360 48,694 48,314 46,634 44;368 46,174 

42,080 44.646 44,860 43,976 44,466 41,168 42,660 

39,487 41;265 42.319 41,440 41.046 39,015 40,110 

39,482 41,914 42;532 41,519 40;985 38,648 38,595 

38.469 40,516 41,532 40.059 39,53E 38,070 39,415 

38;954 41,700 41,378 40;171 39,41C 36,793 37,529 

31,769 36,771 39,959 41,141 42,500 41,736 42.192 

29,104 31,130 30.540 30,234 29,517 27,820 28;576 

29,300 30,332 31;000 29,720 29,727 28.639 29,480 

29,328 31,103 30,494 30,164 29,164 27:065 27,962 

25,660 27,210 27,522 27,953 29,013 27;503 28,143 

22,776 24,975 23,956 22,105 22,261 21,965 22.437 

20,717 21,770 22.281 21,232 20,925 19,736 20;870 

19,879 20,508 21;010 19,945 19,972 18,687 18,926 

19.829 20,762 20,434 20,063 19,640 18.212 18,473 

18;381 19.627 19,759 18,783 17,926 17;227 18,501 

16,708 17;727 17,902 17,294 17,036 16,392 16,928 

16,450 17,385 17,384 16,566 16.105 15,216 15,597 

15,750 16,150 16.964 16,405 16;38i 15,851 16,132 

15,031 15,377 15;330 14,256 14,986 14>682 15,361 

49

Table III. Registered live births, by month and color: United States and each geographic region,


1942-63—Con.


(Notes to tables given on page V) 

Area, color, and year Total Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May


UNITED STATES


White


1963------------------------- 3,326,344 272,502 250,452 277,690 264,658 273,554 

1962------------------------- 3,394,068 277,664 258,084 287,002 269,180 275,586 

1961------------------------- 3,600,864 294,620 275,372 304,816 285,834 291,672 

1960------------------------- 3,600,744 288,866 277,712 296,636 278,550 284,242 

1959------------------------- 3,597,430 292,870 272,618 305,252 283,660 288,99C 

1958------------------------- 3,572,306 289,736 271,962 296,674 280,040 294,524 

1957------------------------- 3,621,456 292,474 269,154 296,308 284,396 295,83C 

1956------------------------- 3,545,350 286,020 275,446 293,578 264,606 271,028 

1955------------------------- 3,458,448 279,053 260,860 284,887 266,029 280,467 

1954------------------------- 3,443,630 282,140 258,714 279,048 263,638 274,756 

1953------------------------- 3,356,772 275,066 254,526 271,972 249,192 266,824 

1952------------------------- 3,322,658 266,704 257,564 273,870 254,272 261,888 

1951------------------------- 3,237,072 258,730 241,694 268,994 256,706 271,832 

1950------------------------- 3,063,627 254,720 233,570 253,174 224,658 239,116 

1949-------..-.-----.--.:---- 3,083,721 257,929 235>660 260,066 236,171 245,118 

1948------------------------- 3,080,316 256,462 248,024 262,024 242,612 237,891 

1947------------------------- 3,274,620 301,172 267,574 289,170 260,384 270,630 

1946------------------------- 2,913,645 193,277 179,527 199,711 194,827 206,949 

1945------------------------- 2,395,563 205,725 186,741 201,783 188,114 194,969 

1944------------------------- 2,454,700 206,137 195,547 199,797 187,059 195,694 

1943------------------------- 2,594,763 231,703 209,453 224,997 208,496 209,734 

1942------------------------- 2,486,934 195,838 181,886 199,448 183,842 188,821 

Nonwhite


1963------------------------- 638,928 55,796 50,290 51,762 473264 49,322 

1962------------------------- 641,580 55,636 49,988 52,778 48,264 49,130 

1961------------------------- 667,462 58,666 52,130 55,506 49,286 50,732 

1960------------------------- 657,106 56,510 51,930 53,282 48,652 48,878 

1959------------------------- 647,366 56,464 50,088 52,940 47,484 48,624 

1958------------------------- 631,506 54,500 48,006 50,704 46,138 47,994 

1957------------------------- 633,328 53,988 48,226 52,070 46,816 48,910 

1956------------------------- 617,740 53,054 49,382 51,334 43,924 44,202 

1955------------------------- 588,847 49,819 45,558 47,520 43,169 45,392 

1954------------------------- 573,732 49,430 43,604 44,620 41,368 43,688 

1953------------------------- 545,348 47,422 41,786 43,160 37,770 40,558 

1952------------------------- 524,328 44,922 42,654 43,308 37,756 38,478 

1951------------------------- 513,778 44,808 40,424 43,826 39,218 41,138 

1950------------------------- 490,522 42,556 39,034 40,864 34,210 36,670 

1949------------------------- 475,808 41,326 37,535 ::,::; 34,599 36,477 

1948------------------------- 454,752 39,032 37,670 35,024 34,386 

1947------------------------- 425,320 39,288 34,358 36;570 31,991 32,831 

1946------------------------- 375,027 29,444 26,860 28,610 25,819 26,503 

1945------------------------- 339,893 30,841 27,951 29,206 26,915 27,015 

1944------------------------- 340,100 29,45~ 27,526 28,135 25,85( 26,25( 

1943------------------------- 340,097 30,25! 27,625 30,169 27,17< 26,87! 

1942------------------------- 322,062 28,41: 26,263 27,564 25,521 24377Z 

I 

50

. . 

Table 111. Registered live births, by month and color; United States and each geographicregion,


1942-63—con.


(Notes totables given
onpageV) 

June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 

270,67C 291,626 296,212 295,328 291,570 267,3W 274,698 269,19E 294,974 306,870 298,972 296,678 275,93i 283,928 289,882 312,918 323,968 318,184 312,934 292,27: 298,392 282,466 315,886 330,422 32,6,652 314,064 296,3U 308,932 

290,66t 315,364 319,502 319,454 313,268 292,69[ 303,092
 290,212 307,662 308,994 318,490 317,718 293,512 302>782
 297,104 321,860 322,840 320,172 321,586 297,052 302,680
 284,594 314,882 324,866 318,620 316,376 292,9N 302,376
 278,17~ 302,050 312,314 308,799 303,915 287,53~ 294,362


280,51t 306,158 309,852 306,504 302,788 287,29E 292,216
 276,34C 303,368 305,228 298,650 289>268 274,99C 291,348
 269,646 297,548 301,734 296,770 291,140 272,88C 278,6,36
 265,128 282,408 288,482 283,786 286,134 263,85C 269,322
 254,299 271,799 279,645 271,627 269,861 252,33S 258,819


247,711 274,733 279,122 270,814 270,981 252,355 253,061
 234,031 267,715 279,435 271,942 269,415 253,692 257,073
 268,441 281,883 282,008 273,431 272,884 253,88? 253,160
 214,689 254,925 278,644 290,967 303,875 295,7.X ;;;,;;;
 197,495 211,396 213,401 207,437 203,426 190,997 >


202,660 222,7U 221,574 209,266 208,326 201,523 204,406
 212>524 228,326 230,004 2212995 216,358 199,376 201,797
 192,699 211,518 220,648 228,839 238,124 221,422 223,849


50,314 

48,864 

52,108 

50,262 

57,128 

56,520 

60,604 

58,328 

59,516 

60,092 

61,516 

61,808 

58,206 

58,044 

;;,:$; 

a 

;:,w; 

57;180 

56,488 

50,936 

52,134 

54,284 

53,538 

54,424 

54,862 

56,oo6 

56,732 

52,148 

48,104 

50,950 

49,078 

46>671 

58,402 

53,298 

58,160 

55,508 

52,217 

60,576 

58,884 

58,608 

58,218 

54,907 

57,766 

59,628 

56,830 

56,108 

53,174 

54,930 

56,102 

54,668 

53,358 

50,389 

52,994 

53,088 

51,106 

50,700 

49,029 

54>950 

55,060 

52,996 

~2,874 

51,002 

46,490 

44,906 

41,694 

41,660 

39,580 

52,762 

51,096 

47,904 

45,800 

43,739 

53,426 

51,222 

48,742 

45,782 

45,449 

52,064 

49,090 

46,912 

44,922 

43>748 

49,070 

44,934 

44,996 

43,032 

42,o44 

47,842 

44,976 

42,262 

40,446 

40,158 

49,368 

48,428 

44,700 

42,722 

42,470 

373731 

33,681 

33,472 

27,613 

27,017 

43>485 

40,295 

36,457 

31,411 

29,555 

U,;6: 

37:673 

34,034 

29,754 

.41,809 

40,569 

36,714 

34,518 

29,011 

40,499 

38,305 

35,656 

35,624 

27,539 

38,601 

36,860 

34,483 

36,365 

27,055 

40,043 

38,958 

35,827 

38,226 

28,034 

27,646 

27,326 

24,910 

31,210 

30,330 

27,609 

31,099 

30,981 

28,877 

28,129 

29,174 

28,609 

27,742 

27,452 

27,465 

27,594 

25,908 

25,569 

29,449 

26,823 

26,489 

51

-------- -------- --------

-------------------------

Table III. Registeredlive births, by month and color: United States and each geographicregion,


1942-63—Con.


(Notes tot.bles give.
 onpageV)


Area, color, and year Total Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. Flay


NORTHEAST 

White


1963------------------------- 718,898 58,392 53,864 60,144 60,240 61,844 

1962------------------------- 725,752 58,544 55,444 62,570 59,062 60,326 

1961------------------------- 873,630 70>634 67,290 75,484 72,374 73,534 

1960------------------------- 871,362 69,152 67,756 72,784 69,046 69,596 

1959------------------------- 876,988 71,478 67,474 76,434 71,364 73,548 

1958------------------------- 882,566 70,856 67,884 74,208 72,268 76>908 

1957------------------------- 891,798 71,326 67,040 74,820 73,070 76,096 

1956------------------------- 864,482 69,450 67,566 72,424 65,622 67,966 

1955------------------------- 852,931 68,238 64,259 73,187 70,501 73,773 

1954------------------------- 844,894 68,300 64,362 71,240 67,550 70,996 

1953------------------------- 822,192 66,872 62,796 69,206 63,680 67,430 

1952------------------------- 823,128 65,844 64>178 69,668 66,762 68,420 

1951------------------------- 797,550 62,990 59,698 68,472 66,414 69,834 

1950------------------------- 756,741 61,931 57,823 63,790 58,618 61,317 

;;::------------------------- 763,243 63,297 58,647 66,390 61,380 62,904 - 773,420 62,739 61,987 68,304 62,981 63,012 

1947------------------------- 847,945 77,090 69,608 77,554 71,546 74,529 

1946------------------------- 752,608 49,023 45,731 51,365 51,270 56,738 

1945------------------------- 609,081 50,987 47,285 52,962 49,421 50,447 

1944------------------------- 611,372 50,657 48,031 50,004 48,131 52,080 

1943------------------------- 674,578 61,753 55,991 60,216 56,661 56,969 

1942------------------------- 662,357 48,837 46,748 52,537 49,117 53,038 

Nonwhite


1963------------------------- 89,906 7,576 6,944 7,182 7,248 7,428 

1962------------------------- 87,044 7,350 6,548 7,060 6,440 6,622 

;;:;------------------------- 103,366 8,570 7,778 8,456 7,874 8,594 

98,690 8,244 7,744 7,738 7,38h 7,492 

1959------------------------- 97,290 8,416 7,578 8,318 73222 7,702 

1958------------------------- 93,992 7,898 7,146 7,314 7,294 7,874 

1957------------------------- 90,102 7,464 6,596 7,500 6,924 7,340 

1956------------------------- 84,772 6,860 6,452 6,840 5,890 6,044 

1955------------------------- 78,696 6,373 5,895 6,399 6,162 6,577 

1954------------------------- 74,072 6,214 5,454 5,942 5,552 5,742 

1953------------------------- 68,238 5,540 5,096 5,476 4,798 5,036 

1952------------------------- 64,782 5,266 5,298 5>184 4,916 5,084 

1951------------------------- 62,276 5,144 4,796 5,176 4,694 5,098 

1950------------------------- 58,364 4,976 4,574 4,740 4,089 4,288 

1949------------------------- 56,401 4,716 4,306 4,646 4,203 4>400 

1948------------------------- 53,695 4,325 4,290 4,389 4,030 4,118 

1947------------------------- 48,816 4,308 3,622 3,983 3,798 3,890 

1946------------------------- 39,818 2,878 2,688 2,746 2,676 ;,;;: 

1945------------------------- 33,172 2,706 2,585 2,722 2,530 > 

1944------------------------- 32,172 2,657 2,454 2,590 2,397 2,632 

1943------------------------- 313650 2,687 2,510 2,725 2,468 2,680 

1942------------------------- 29,617 2,323 2,309 2,363 2,194 2,396 

52

Table III. Registeredlive births, by month and color: United States and each geographicregion,


1942-63—Con.


(Notes tn tsbIes given & page V) 

June July Aug. Sept. Ott. Nov. Dec. 

60,322 63,750 62,094 62,276 61,456 56,520 57,996 

57,136 62,716 65,094 63,784 63,240 58,000 59,836 

72,734 75,866 77,004 75,312 74,122 69,322 69,954 

68,676 75,388 79,072 78,046 76,838 71,576 73,432 

72,826 76,786 75,880 75,808 73,912 69>25~ 72,224 

73,374 74,730 74,682 76,918 76,564 70i958 73,216 

73,890 77,726 76,762 77,242 78,466 71,944 73,416 

71,704 76,682 77,456 76,424 76,400 70,228 72,560 

71,140 72;941 73,227 72,963 73,008 69,098 70,596 

68,904 74,062 73,184 73,410 72,854 69>524 70,508 

69,134 73>142 72,218 71,466 70,444 65,988 69,816 

68,326 73>396 72,040 71,088 70,772 65,884 66,750 

:5,w: 68,642 69,442 68,690 69,054 63,368 65,042 

> 67,108 67,131 65,769 65,364 61,149 62,594 

62,487 68,012 66,708 64,789 66,245 60,874 61,510 

60,573 67,035 67,990 66,611 66,271 62,804 63,113 

71,383 72,006 70,449 68,388 68,117 63,698 63,577 

57,213 66,136 71,614 74,197 77,162 75,341 76,818 

51,678 53,198 52,901 5X,785 51,474 48,071 48,872 

52,462 54,984 53,298 51,063 51>160 49,707 ::,::; 56,796 58,470 573466 55,735 54,433 49,942 

52,799 56,402 56>512 60,304 64,532 60,389 61;142 

7,552 ;,~~ 7,868 7,780 7,356 7,020 7,808 

6,498 8,228 7,902 7,554 7,364 7,838 

8,492 9;532 9,414 9,106 8,634 8,238 8,678 

7>678 8,954 9,240 9,000 8,376 8,L48 8,692 

8,218 8,934 8,632 8,506 8,172 7,782 7,810 

7,266 7,862 8,844 8,664 7,966 7,646 8,218 

7,470 8,040 8,272 7,750 7,834 7,302 7,610 

7,214 7,990 7,952 7,514 7,322 7,078 7,616 

6,411 6,935 7,159 6,885 6,748 6,432 6,720 

5,734 :,93; 6,866 6,740 6,276 6,314 

5,704 6,468 6>084 5>834 6,068 

5,424 5:930 5,812 5,652 ;,;:; 5,562 

5,238 5,722 5,412 5,494 5,300 

4,903 5,299 5,308 5,211 5;068 5,142 

4,583 5,248 5,117 5,026 4>881 4,612 4,663 

4,202 4,827 4,867 4,720 :,;;: 4,407 4,744 

3,975 4;188 4,269 4,240 4,160 4>200 

3,046 3,395 3,522 3,716 4:031 4,023 4,223 

2,907 2,935 2,866 2,860 2,835 2>805 2,783 

2,793 3,009 2,858 2,642 2,732 2,585 

2,616 2,862 2,871 2,658 2,657 2,472 

2,468 2,665 2,678 2,617 2,647 2%457 

53

-------

Table III. Registered live births, by month and color: United States and each geographicregion, 

1942-63—Con. 

(Notes to tables given on page V) 

Area, color, and year Total Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 

NORTH CENTRAL


White


1963-------------------------1,039,008 85,138 78,114 87,522 83,240 87,086 

1962-------------------------1,072,284 87,706 81,954 91,726 85,508 87,108 

1961-------------------------1,115,742 90,962 86,108 96,034 89,684 90,400 

1960-------------------------1,125,868 90,064 86,586 93,130 87,904 88,714 

1959-------------------------1,134,826 91,530 86,868 98,134 91,066 91,626 

1958-------------------------1,125,196 91,396 86>236 95,144 88,014 91,476 

1957-------------------------1,152,692 92,782 86,016 93,804 90,744 94,400 

1956-------------------------1,130,616 91,224 88,380 93,882 82,320 83,512 

1955-------------------------1,100,426 88,663 83,636 89,432 83,430 89,572 

1954-------------------------1,094,570 

1953-------------------------1,060,050 

88,690 

85,848 ;;>;;; 88,122 

84,464 

83,360 

77,836 

86,420 

85,648 

1952-------------------------1,057,368 83,494 81;528 88,330 82,516 85,282 

1951-------------------------1,040,800 81,244 77,322 86,660 83,876 88,738 

1950------------------------- 977,811 79,929 74,374 79,917 69,851 76,172 

1949------------------------- 977,656 81,410 74,339 83,090 75,239 78,301 

1948------------------------- 965,116 79,564 78,585 82,742 76,452 71,247 

1947-------------------------1,;;;,;;; 92,647 83,006 90,007 80,475 84,966 

1946------------------------- 58,176 54,936 62,119 61,176 63,880 

1945------------------------- 724;915 61,540 55,974 60,300 56,871 60,322 

1944------------------------- 744,103 62,429 59,793 61,140 56,598 59,625 

1943------------------------- 796,040 71,637 64,408 68,918 63,791 64,857 

1942------------------------- 792,138 63,061 58,280 63,802 58,318 58,574 

Nonwhite


1963------------------------- 115,554 9,994 9,012 9,442 :,;:: 9,598


1962------------------------- 117,708 10,074 9,468 9,866 9,430


1961------------------------- 120,838 10,484 9,492 10,476 9;448 9>622


1960------------------------- 120,320 10,168 9,272 10,206 9,276 9,126


1959------------------------- 121,478 10,416 9,502 10,148 9,320 9,746 

1958------------------------- 118,500 10,050 9,056 9,826 8,946 9,284 

1957------------------------- 118,264 9,938 9,018 9,446 8,802 9,426 

1956------------------------- 112,506 9,326 8,882 9,056 7,,682 7,928 

1955------------------------- 103,823 8,662 7,884 8,052 7,896 8,289 

1954------------------------- 99,400 8,238 7>524 7,918 7,496 7,914 

1953------------------------- 89,622 

1952------------------------- 82,168 7,530 

6,742 

6,718 

6,464 

6,924 

6,684 

6,148 

6,220 

6,982 

6,406 

1951------------------------- 76>302 6,154 5,822 6,426 5,910 6,336 

1950-----------------.” 69,524 5,819 5,341 5,688 4,837 5,290 

1949------------------------- 65,913 5,473 5,268 5,541 4,885 5,209 

1948------------------------- 60,489 5,038 4,750 5,157 4,650 4,303 

1947------------------------- 54,746 4,860 4,228 4,613 4,144 4,424 

1946------------------------- 45,100 3,251 2,988 3,422 3,154 3,290 

1945------------------------- 37,430 3,208 2,951 3,126 2,935 3,050 

1944------------------------- 35,618 3,000 2,805 2,882 2,716 2,765 

1943------------------------- 34,572 2,932 2-,725 3,057 2,755 2,811 

1942------------------------- 31,307 2,600 2,448 2,498 2,355 2,475 

54

Table 111. Registered live births, by month and color: United States and each geographicregion,


1942-63—Con.


(Notes totables
 given on page V) 

June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 

86,02C 

85,052 

88,32f 

87,472 

91,694 

93,702 

97,520 

100,094 

91,512 

97,71C 

100,39C 

104,940 

91,35( 

94, 02( 

97,98: 

101,67: 

90,126 

92,718 

96,06c 

97,268 

82,982 

86,542 

90,074 

92,112 

84,212 

88,532 

92,202 

95,912 

91,85C 

92,518 

99,646 

97,544 

100,472 

96,938 

99,72( 

99,74L 

98,044 

99,526 

91,752 

91,960 

94,118 

94,700 

95,698 104,000 103,070 101,216 101,760 93,826 95,376 

91,206 

89,009 

102,428 

97,461 

104,888 

99,847 

101,944 

97,79E 

101,168 

96,598 

93,038 

91,675 

96,626 

93,305 

90,124 

88,152 

98,022 

96,936 

99,260 

96,852 

98, 19C 

94, 23C 

96,616 

91,340 

91,496 

87,022 

92>288 

92,020 

87,642 94,706 95,574 93,81C 91,548 85,620 87,318 

873022 

83,593 

91,688 

88,423 

92,152 

89,803 

90,652 

86,663 

91,596 

86,423 

84,194 

80,574 

85,656 

82,089 

77,954 

71,693 

85,022 

66,561 

60,938 

86,823 

84,772 

88,911 

79,321 

65,082 

88,762 

88,659 

87>992 

85,468 

64,720 

85,951 

85,664 

84,395 

90,249 

61,717 

85,782 

85,139 

85,255 

94,634 

61,312 

79,946 

79,991 

78,604 

91,021 

57,441 

80,059 

80,608 

78,560 

93,114 

58,698 

62,066 68,116 66,939 62,891 62,508 60,742 61,256 

653148 70,601 70,8~3 67>727 66,014 60,764 61,292 

62,404 68,624 71,259 72,763 75,511 69,881 69,661 

9,502 

9,328 ;:, ;;; 10,288 

10,700 

10,146 

10,368 

9,6oO 

9,896 

9,100 

9,306 

9,596 

9,946 

9,552 ::::;; 10,780 10,230 10,212 9,844 9>814 

9,272 2 11,040 10,758 10>112 9,712 10,452 

9,898 10,924 10,942 10,570 9,886 9,828 10,298 

9>128 9,956 10,772 10,716 10,444 9,818 10,504 

9,928 

9,436 

8,449 

11,038 

10,388 

9,226 

10,644 

10,756 

9,395 

10,438 

10,186 

9,280 

10,018 

9,986 

8,998 

9,504 

9,228 

8,667 

1:,:;; 

9;025 

;,;:: 9,218 8,922 8,844 8,476 8,172 8,444 

6:840 

6,486 

8,130 

7,176 

6>914 

8,332 

7,446 

6,674 

8,012 

7,184 

6,662 

7,592 

7,050 

6,492 

7,566 ~ 

6,748 

8,126 

7,208 

6,368 

5,823 6,372 6,453 6,118 5,924 !x:l 6,085 

5,223 6,0201 ;, ;:; 5,613 5,585 ;,:::1 5,663 

4,429 5,481 5,433 5,247 5,195 

4,418 4,728 ~ 4;899 4,694 4,627 4:500 4>611 

3,408 3,905 3,9951 4,140 4,404 4,501 4,642 

3,109 3,314 3,424 3,128 3,020 3,062 3>103 

2,954 3,264 3,176 2,981 2,968 2,976 3,131 

2,845 3,180 3,112 2,921 2,794 2,689 2,751 

2,482 2,887 2,982 2,790 2,598 I 2,511 2,681 

55

Table 111. Registered live births,by month and color: United States and each geographicregion,


1942-63—Con.


(Notes to tablesgivenonpageV) 

Area, color, and year Total Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May I 

1963------------------------- 965,902 80,486 73,050 79,264 72,784 

1

73,938 

1962------------------------- 982,062 82,1OC 74,730 81,232 75,206 76,526 

1961------------------------- 991,266 83,198 75,704 81,324 74,070 75,988 

1960------------------------- 991,012 82,192 77,114 80,670 73,464 74>718 

1959------------------------- 995,006 

1958------------------------- 989,566 

83,816 

82,070 

74,880 

74,328 

81,588 

79,538 

74,094 75,040 

73,552 77,204 

1957------------------------- 997,326 82,914 73,904 80,040 74,492 76,648 

1956------------------------- 988,506 81,748 77,060 81,.066 72,012 72,822 

1955------------------------- 967,683 80,187 73,905 77>790 70,241 72,503 

1954------------------------- 974,660 

1953------------------------- 954,216 

82,350 

81,420 

72,662 

73,434 

75,000 

74,948 

70,676 73,358 

66,166 70,828 

1952------------------------- 939,398 78,348 73,698 75,054 66,096 66,834 

1951------------------------- 925,790 77,356 70,042 74,696 69,296 72,938 

1950------------------------- 882,293 76,616 67,934 71,909 60,538 64,172 

1949------------------------- 897,140 69,374 73,399 63,603 66,499 

1948------------------------- 901,757 73,775 73,998 67,780 66,441 

1947------------------------- 953,838 78>696 82,109 71,576 72,815 

1946------------------------- 862,409 54,322 58,695 54,786 57,291 

1945------------------------- 728,125 58,163 60,112 54,442 56,133 

1944------------------------- 765,657 

1943------------------------- 789,748 

65,798 

70,603 

61,852 

63,579 

61,055 

67,290 

55,721 56,274 

60,645 59,641 

1942------------------------- 729,567 60,920 55,699 58,965 53,162 52,495 

sOUTH


White


Nonwhite 

1963------------------------- 353,548 31,732 28,406 28,566 24,874 25,664 

1962------------------------- 357,608 31,664 28,040 29,262 26,390 26,566 

1961------------------------- 365,224 33,134 29,212 29,980 25,858 26,040 ‘1960------------------------- 362,866 32,084 29,170 29,192 26,078 26,196 

1959------------------------- 368,728 32,884 28,648 29,620 26,284” 

1958------------------------- 364,494 32,086 27,814 28>930 26,558 

1957------------------------- 372,674 32,464 28,784 30,796 27,856 

1956------------------------- 371,334 32,850 “;;,;;: 31,300 26,216 

1955------------------------- 361,201 31,232 > 29,425 26,918 

1954------------------------- 357,922 31,320 27,522 27,336 26,502 

1953------------------------- 348,326 31,114 27,104 27,478 25,384 

1952------------------------- 341,170 29,908 28,322 28,460 24,048 

1951------------------------- 342,686 30,758 27,260 29,450 27,014 

1950------------------------- 331,938 29,149 26,648 27,904 24,402 

1949------------------------- 323,653 28,698 25,727 27,409 24,375 

1948------------------------- 313,133 27,462 26,533 26,603 23,688: 

1947------------------------- 297,306 28,046 24,565 25,884 22,489 

1946------------------------- 269,248 21,822 19,765 20,902 18,713 

1945------------------------- 251,361 23,383 20>998 21,841 19,842 

1944------------------------- 256,309 22,538 21,059 21,386 19,498 19,527


1943------------------------- 260,200 23,575 21,429 23,219 20,870 20,292


1942------------------------- 250,199 22,602 20,660 21,808 20,073 18,905


56

Table III. Registered live births, by month and color: United States and each geographic region,


1942-63—Con.


(Notestotablesgivenon pageV)


June July Aug. Sept. Ott. Nov. Dec. 

74,978 

75,076 

77,022 

75,632 

83,592 

85,204 

85,932 

85,930 

89>532 

89,276 

91,466 

91,700 

88,746 

88,544 

;:,;:; 

> 

87>672 

87,922 

89,026 

87,714 

79,508 

82,074 

82,662 

82,974 

82,352 

84,172 

84,120 

86,942 

77,576 

76,972 

78,872 

75,744 

73,659 

87,166 

86,210 

88,968 

86,034 

84>151 

91,100 

87,938 

91,606 

92,266 

91,037 

91,086 

90,826 

90,574 

90,458 

90,244 

88,960 

91,470 

90,476 

90,408 

87,093 

83,278 

83,796 

83,752 

83,526 

82,375 

86,422 

85,662 

85,080 

;3,:;; 

> 

77,800 

;;,;;; 

72:826 

87,678 

87,836 

84,330 

80>312 

90,764 

89,520 

88,730 

84,832 

88,502 

87,088 

86,744 

83,274 

87,482 

83,186 

85,392 

83,764 

83,398 

79,696 

80,046 

77,740 

84,990 

84,290 

81,506 

78,714 

69,553 77,559 83,111 80,477 79,543 74,234 76,647 

70,243 

65,544 

75,012 

60,774 

57,144 

80,590 

77,742 

81,430 

74,502 

63,601 

83,848 

83,806 

84,375 

83,490 

66,781 

81,205 

81,993 

82,513 

87,272 

65,230 

80,529 

80,807 

82,091 

91,558 

62,600 

75,232 

75,097 

76,811 

89,657 

59,157 

75,372 

76,238 

75,576 

90,421 

59,354 

60,053 70,668 71,810 66,950 66,278 63,845 65,353


62,410 69,359 72,386 69,632 67,935 62,736 63,532


52>758 60,184 66,306 68,761 69,967 64,532 65,818


26,746 

26,452 

27,600 

27,168 

31,698 

31,832 

33,364 

31,902 

34,164 

34,208 

34,494 

34,784 

33,106 

32,892 

33,130 

34,334 

.;I&; 

31;612 

31,502 

28,184 

28,916 

29,698 

29,486 

30,256 

30,558 

31,102 

30,970 

29,148 

27,256 

29,446 

28,546 

28,075 

33,248 

30,748 

34,332 

32,886 

32>048 

35,600 

34,620 

34,940 

34,988 

34,260 

33,384 

35,414 

34,020 

33,948 

33,035 

31,624 

32,808 

32,270 

31>856 

30,689 

30,37.8 

31,012 

29,944 

30,376 

30,042 

31,726 

31,590 

30,890 

31,576 

31,420 

29,016 

28,570 

26,502 

27,232 

26,373 

:;,;:; 

,31:554 

::,;;; 

Y 

33,890 

33,000 

32,180 

30,8!22 

30,969 

32,804 

31>432 

30,890 

29,960 

29,697 

30,692 

28,238 

29,198 

28,484 

28,537 

29,980 

28,530 

27,370 

26,882 

26,985 

31,080 

30,712 

28,818 

28,304 

28,622 

25,470 

22,802 

23,149 

19>531 

19,632 

29,611 

27,637 

25,377 

22,306 

21,691 

29,823 

28,452 

26,319 

24,630 

21,923 

28,520 

28,031 

25,744 

‘24,770 

21,494 

27,469 

25,942 

24,857 

25,21C 

20,207 

26,195 

25,039 

23,800 

25,836 

19,696 

27,242 

26,718 

24,934 

27,320 

20,727 

20,678 

20,707 

19,038 

23,548 

23,081 

21,155 

23,592 

23,773 

22,266 

21>148 

22,332 

22,260 

20,695 

20,812 

21,321 

20,623 

19,616 

19,718 

22,017 

20,493 

20,393 

57 
Table III. Registered live births,by month and color: United States and each geographic region,


Area, color, and year


WEST


White


1963-------------------------


1962-------------------------


1961-------------------------


1960-------------------------


1959-------------------------


1958-------------------------


1957-------------------------


1956-------------------------


1955-------------------------


1954-------------------------


1953-------------------------


1952-------------------------


1951-------------------------


1950-------------------------


1949-------------------------


1948-------------------------


1947-------------------------


1946-------------------------


1945-------------------------


1944-------------------------


1943-------------------------


1942-------------------------


Nonwhite


1963-------------------------


1962-------------------------


1961-------------------------


1960-------------------------


1959-------------------------


1958-------------------------


‘1957-------------------------


1956-------------------------


1955-------------------------


1954-------------------------


1953-------------------------


1952-------------------------


1951-------------------------


1950-------------------------


1949-------------------------


1948-------------------------


1947-------------------------


1946-------------------------


1945-------------------------


1944-------------------------


1943-------------------------


1942-------------------------


1942-63—con.


(Notes to tables given on page V) 

Total Jan . Feb. Mar. Apr. May


602,53[ 48,486 45,42~ 50,76[ 48,39~ 50,68(


613,97( 49,314 45,95( 51,474 49,401 51,62(


612,50; 47,458 46,25( 50,052 48,13( 51,2U 

590,61( 

574,978 

579,64( 

561,74( 

537,40t 

46,046 

45,414 

45,452 

43,598 

41,965 

43,39( 

43>51L 

42,19~ 

42,44( 

39,06( 

49,096 

47,784 

47,644 

46,206 

44,478 

47,13( 

46,20( 

46,09( 

44,65; 

41,85; 

48,77t 

48,93( 

48,68( 

46,72~ 

44,61! 

529,50( 

520,314 

502,764 

472,931 

446,782 

42,800 

40,926 

39,018 

37,140 

36,244 

39,70E 

38,594 

38,16.C 

34,632 

33,435 

44,686 

43,354 

40,818 

39,166 

37,558 

42,052 

41,51( 

38,89E 

37,12( 

35,651 

43,982 

42,91[ 

41,352 

40,32Z 

37,45: 

445,682 

440,022 

452,997 

397,972 

333,442 

35,976 

35,623 

40,601 

26,437 

27,790 

33,30C 

33,677 

36,264 

24,538 

25,319 

37,L87 

36,980 

39,500 

27,532 

28,409 

35,945 

35,395 

36,787 

27,59? 

27,38C 

37,414 

37,191 

38,32C 

29,04C 

28,067 

333,568 

334,397 

302,872 

27,253 

27,710 

23,020 

25,871 

25,475 

21,159 

27,598 

28,573 

24,144 

26,609 

27,395 

23,245 

27,715 

28,267 

24,714 

620,22( 49,826 46,27( 51,974 49,70( 51,75(


79,920 

79,220 

6,494 

6,548 

5,928 

5,932 

6,572 

6,590 

6,178 

6,288 

6,632 

6,512 

78,034 6,478 5,648 6,594 6,106 6,476 

75,230 6,014 5,744 6,146 5,914 6,064 

59,870 

54,520 

52,288 

49,128 

45,127 

4,748 

4,466 

4,122 

4,018 

3,552 

4,360 

3,990 

3,828 

3,W4 

3,319 

4,854 

4,634 

4,328 

4,138 

3,644 

4,758 

4,240 

4,158 

3,804 

3,514 

4,892 

4,278 

4,288 

4,014 

3,608 

42,338 

39,162 

36,208 

3,658 

3,238 

3,006 

3,104 

2,868 

2,570 

3,424 

3,282 

2,980 

3,302 

3,086 

2,700 

3,530 

3,156 

2>940 

32,514 2,752 2,546 2,774 2,448 2,690 

30,896 2,612 2,471 2,532 2,344 2,690 

29,841 2,439 2,234 2,455 2>397 2,493 

27,435 

243452 

20,861 

17,930 

2,207 

2,074 

1,493 

1,544 

2,097 

1,943 

1,419 

1,417 

2,290 

2,090 

1,540 

1,517 

2,118 

1,907 

1,546 

1,523 

2,277 

2,028 

1,626 

1,485 

16,001 1,263 1,208 1,277 1,245 1,332 

13,675 

10,939 

1,061 

888 

961 

846 

1,168 

895 

1,086 

899 

1,092 

997 

58

Table III. Registered live births,by month and color: United States and each geographicregion,


1942-63-Con.


(Notes b tables given on page V) 

June July Aug. Sept. Ott. Nov. Dec.


49,344 

51,934 

51,800 

50,686 

52,590 

53,352 

53,600 

54,474 

53,074 

54>790 

55,108 

54,710 

52,950 

52,618 

54,136 

54,972 

,52,316 

52,798 

53,726 

52,244 

48,374 

49,316 

50,214 

49,654 

50,138 

51,388 

52,116 

52,646 

48,414 51,766 52,050 52,352 48,410 

47,348 49,178 49>436 50,158 46,798 

48,644 51,166 51,402 50,884 .44,::: 

45,940 49,738 50,256 48,400 

44,368 47,497 48,203 47,216 44;388 

43,690 

43,250 

46,396 

45,454 

46,644 

46,638 

45$836 

44,298 

42,880 

42,284 

44,430 

45,222 

“ 

41,058 45,116 45,390 43,428 41,336 43,062 

39,376 41,766 42,056 41,720 38,554 39,910 

37>006 38,709 39,600 38,531 36>382 37,489 

37,027 39,308 39,804 38,869 38,425 36,303 36,120 

36,221 38,166 38,980 37,674 37,198 35,800 37,114 

37,024 39,536 39,192 38,135 37,421 34,770 35,447 

30,141 34,966 38,072 39,249 40,521 39,731 40,151 

27,735 29,515 28>999 28,705 28,040 26,328 27,155 

28,079 28,943 29,527 28,362 28,380 27,229 28,002 

28,170 29,896 29,269 28,901 27,976 25,934 26,827 

24,738 26,308 26,571 27,011 28,114 26,620 27,228 

6,514 6,974 7,196 7,174 6,862 6,632 6,764 

6,586 6,868 6,956 6,882 6,990 6,548 6,520 

6,464 6,824 6,828 6,978 6,722 6,504 6,412 

6,144 6,546 6,744 6,606 6,498 6,192 6,618 

4,884 

:,;;~ 5,296 

4,732 

5,402 

4,648 

5,306 

4,.834 

5,248 

4,884 

5,006 

4,612 

5,116 

4,748 

4,750 4,752 4,622 4,546 4,356 4,432 

3;882 

3,736 

4,244 

4,008 

4,522 

4,093 

4,46o 

3,974 

4,194 

3,954 

4,018 

3,888 

4,030 

3,937 

3,506 3,848 3,748 3,676 3,626 3,386 3,530 

3,070 3,500 33422 3>562 3,270 3,186 3,522 

2,928 3,244 3,304 3,186 3,206 3,032 3,112 

2,704 2,880 2,804 2,806 2,746 2,614 2,750 

2,481 2,556 2,719 2,722 2,515 2,633 2,621 

2,,455 2,606 2,728 2,650 2,564 2,345 2,475 

2,248 2,350 2,552 2,385 2,340 2,270 2,301 

1,930 2,164 2,186 2,036 1,989 2,023 2,082 

1,628 1,805 1,887 1,892 1,979 2,005 2,041 

1,369 1,615 1,541 1,529 1,477 1,492 1,421 

1,221 1,389 1,473 1,358 1,347 1,’410 1,478 

1,158 1,207 1,225 1,263 1,188 1,131 1,135 

922 902 951 942 899 883 915 

59


M-l. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFTCE : 1966 0-213-941 
OUTLINE OF REPORT SERIES FOR VITAL AND HEALTH STATISTICS 

Public Health Service Publication No. 1000 

Sen-es 1. 

Series 2. 

Sevies 3. 

Series 4. 

Se7ies 10. 

Series 11. 

Se7-ies 12. 

Sevies 20. 

Seyies 21. 

Seyies 22. 

For a list of 

Pvograms and collection procedures. —Reports which describe the general programs of the National 

Center for Health Statistics and its offices and divisions, data collection methods used, definitions, and 

other material necessary for understanding the data. 

Reports number 1-4 

l?ata evaluation and methods research. —Studies of new statistical methodokgy including: experimental 

tests of new survey methods, studies of vital statistics collection methods, new analytical techniques, 

objective evaluations of reliability of collected data, contributions to statistical theory. 

Reports number 1-17 

Analytical studies. —Reports presenting analytical or interpretive studies based on vital and health statistics, carrying the analysis further than the expository types of reports in the other series. 

Reports number 1-4 

Documents and committee repoYts.— Final reports of major committees concerned with vital and health 

statistics, and documents such as recommended model vital registration laws and revised birth and 

death certificates. 

Reports number 1 and 2 

Data FYom the Health Interview Suvuey.— Statistics on illness, accidental injuries, disability, use of 

hospital, medical, dental, and other services, and other health-related lopics, based on data collected in 

a continuing national household interview survey. 

Reports number 1-29 

Data FYom the Health Examination Survey .- Statistics based on the direct examination, testing, and 

measurement of national samples of the population, including the medically defined prevalence of specific diseases, and distributions of the population with respect to various physical, physiological, 

and psychological measurements. 

Reports number 1-13 

Data Fvom the Health Reconis Swvey. —Statistics from records of hospital discharges and statistics 

relating to the health characteristics of persons in institutions, and on hospital, medical, nursing, and 

personal care received, based on national samples of establishments providing these services and 

samples of the residents or patients. 

Reports number 1-4 

Data on mortality. —Various statistics on mortality other than as included in annual or monthly reportsspecial analyses by cause of death, age, and other demographic variables, also geographic and time 

series analyses. 

Reports number 1 

Data on natality, marriage, and divovce. —Various statistics on natality, marriage, and divorce other 

than as included in annual or monthly reports —special analyses by demographic variables, also geographic and time series analyses, studies of fertility. 

Reports number 1-9 

Data Fyom the National Natality and Movtality Surveys. -Statistics on characteristics of birtha and 

deaths not available from the vital records, based on sample surveys stemming from these records, 

including such topics as mortality by socioeconomic class, medical experience in the last year of life, 

characteristics of pregnancy, etc. 

Reports number 1 

titles of reports published in these series, write to: National Center for Health Statistics 

U.S. Public Health Service 

Washington, D.C. 20201