NEIL ABERCROMBIE GOVERNOROFHAWAII STATE OFHAWAII DEPARTMENT OFHEALTH P.O. Box 3378 HONOLULU, HAWAII 96801-3378 LORETEA

J. FUDDY, A.C.S.W., M.P.H. DIRECTOROF HEALTlj In reply, please refer to: File: Mr.Jared Blumenfeld Regional Administrator U.S. EPA, Region IX 75 Hawthorne Street San Francisco, California 94105 Dear Mr. Blumenfeld: November 18, 2013 SUBJECT: Recommended Designation forthe Newly Promulgated Annual Fine Particulate Matter (PM25 ) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) Pursuant toSection

1 07(d)(1) ofthe Clean Air Act,

Iam recommending that the State of Hawaii be designated by counties forthe newannual PM2.5 NAAQS. The Department
of Health (DOH), which managesthe ambient air monitoring network, has determined that based onthe quality-assured PM2.5dataforthe calendar years2010 through 2012, Maui County andthe City and County of Honolulu arein attainment and Kauai and Hawaii counties areunclassifiable for the newannual PM2.5 standard. Supporting documentation
for these recommendations

is presented

in Attachment

I.In summary,Kauai County
is unclassifiable due toinsufficient monitoring data and Hawaii County
is unclassifiable due to impact from volcanic emissions. The exceedance
ofthe annual PM2.5 standard atthe Konaair monitoring station in Hawaii County
isdueto emissions fromthe Kilauea volcano and has been flagged accordingly

in EPA’s Air Quality System. The DOH will be submitting documentation

toEPAfor concurrencewith excluding the flagged data asan exceptional event. Welook forward to working with EPA Region IXonthe final PM25 designation.

If youhave any questions, please contactMr. Gary Gill, Deputy Director for Environmental Health at (808)586-4424. Attachment

NEIL ERCROMBIE Governor, Stateof Hawaii c:Deborah Jordan, Director, Air Division (AIR-I), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Dena Vallano, Ph.D., ORISE Research Fellow, Air Quality Analysis Office (AIR-7), U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyState of Hawaii Attachment

I: Designation Recommendation

of the Annual PM 2 .5 NAAQS ATTACHMENT

I State of Hawaii Designation Recommendation
for the Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) I. Recommendation The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) revised the primary health-based PM25 annual NAAQS effective December 14, 2012 and pursuanttothe Federal Clean Air Act 107(d)(1), statesare required tomake attainment, nonattainment,

or unclassifiable recommendations one yearafter promulgation
ofaneworrevised standard. As detailed
in this document,

itis recommended that Maui County and the City and County of Honolulu be initially designated asin attainment and Kauai and Hawaii counties be designated asunclassifiable for the newannual PM2.5 NAAQS. II. Basis for the Recommendation The annual PM2.5 standard
is attained when the three year averageateach monitor does notexceed 12 micrograms percubic meter (pglm 3 ). The annual averagesused todetermine compliance with the revised standard are2010, 2011 and 2012, collectively called the 2012 annual design value (DV). Four of the State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS) arein the City and County of Honolulu, which is the only Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) in the state and where the majority of anthropogenic sourcesarelocated. The 2012 DV for all four stations arein attainment of the annual standard. The oneSLAMS in Maui County
is primarily tomonitor the effects of agricultural burning and the 2012 DV is also in attainment of the annual standard. The Special Purpose Monitoring Station (SPMS)
in Kauai County is established
to monitor for cruise ship emissions. The station began operating
in April 2011, has an incomplete 2012 DV, and is therefore unclassifiable because there is not enough data tomake
a designation determination. The five PM2 ,5 SPMS in Hawaii County aretomonitor the impact of emissions from the Kilauea volcano. Although the 2012 DVatthe Kona monitor exceeded the annual PM2.5 standard, the datais flagged as being due toanatural eventinEPA’s Air Quality System (AQS). The statewill be submitting the required exceptional events documentation

toEPA providing the causal relationship between the active volcano and the exceedance. Until EPA concurswith the flagged data, Hawaii County
is recommended

asunclassifiable.State of Hawaii Attachment

I: Designation Recommendation

of the Annual PM 2 .5 NAAQS Ill. Annual PM NAAQS Data Counties
in Attainment for the Annual PM NAAQS The 2012 DVs for the four stations in the City and County of Honolulu and the one station in Maui County are shown in Table
1. The Sand Island station (150031004) and the Kihei station (150090006) had incomplete annual means but per Appendix

N to 40 CFR 50, a data substitution test was performed for the quarters with less than 75% data recovery, passed, and therefore the original DVs are considered valid. The substitution test data is provided
in Table 2. Table 1. 2012 DVs for the Cityand County of Honolulu and Maui County St. 2010 2011 2012 3-year average a ion Annual Mean Annual Mean Annual Mean (2012 DV) City & County of Honolulu Honolulu (150031001)

4.7
4.6

5.1
4.8 Kapolei (150030010)

4.3
5.2
7.0
5.5 Pearl City (150032004)

4.4
5.0
6.3
5.2 Sand Island (150031004) 10.0*

9.0
6.2
8.4 Maui County Kihei (150090006)

4.8 6.0*
6.4
5.7* Annual mean did not meet completeness criteria Appendix

N to 40 CFR 50 allows for incomplete design values to be validated

if it passes the maximum quarterly value data substitution test. Briefly, the maximum daily PM 2 .5 value across all three years for the quarter under consideration

is substituted for all missing values (TDVmax).

If the recalculated annual PM 2 .5 DV is less than or equal to the level of the standard,
in this case 12 pg/rn 3 ,then the original NAAQS DV is considered valid. The TDVmax was performed for the2 id quarter 2010 for Sand Island (150031004) and for the 3’ quarter 2011 for Kihei (150090006). Table 2. Substitution Test (TDVmX) for Validation of the 2012 DV MaxF Test

I Orig. Station YearIncomplete Daily Ann.Test

I ovDV Quarter Complete PM

I Mean Valid? SI (150031004) 2010

2
68 18.9

I 10.625 8.6

I Y I KH (150090006) 2011

3
68 23.5

I 7.325 6.2

Y Counties Unclassifiable for the Annual PM NAAQS The Niumalu, Kauai station (150070007) began operating April 1,2011, does not have enough data for designation determination and therefore

is currently unclassifiable. The available data is presented
in Table 3. The 2012 DVs for the five stations
in Hawaii County, established
to monitor the ambient air effects of the ongoing Kilauea volcano eruption
is also included
in Table 3. The Kona station (150011012) exceeded the NAAQS and the data has been flagged
in the EPA AQS database (AQS code ‘RS’). As previously mentioned, the state will be submitting an Exceptions Events document for EPA concurrence withState of Hawaii Attachment

I: Designation Recommendation

of the Annual PM 2 .5 NAAQS the exceptional event flags. The Hilo station (150011006) had an incomplete
3 rd quarter in 2010 and an incomplete 2’ quarter in 2012. The TDVmax was performed for both years, passed, and therefore the 2012 DV is considered valid. The substitution test data is presented
in Table 4. The Ocean View station (150012020) began operating on April 1, 2010 and the Mt. View station (150012023) began on December

7, 2010. Both stations currently do not have enough data to determine attainment status. Table 3. 2012 DVs for Kauai and Hawaii Counties Station2010 2011 2012 3-year average Annual Mean Annual Mean Annual Mean (2012 DV) Kauai County Niumalu (150070007) None 1 4.82
6.8 5.82 Hawaii County Hilo (150011006)

5.02
4.5 5.22
49 Kona (150011012)

18.2
12.1 16.2-15.5 Pahala (150012016)

8.3

6.1
7.5
7.3 Ocean View (150012020) 16.112

9.9 12.9 13.02 Mt. View (150012023)5712
44532 5.22 Niumalu Station began operating 411111; Ocean View began operating 4/1/10; Mt. View began 1217/102 Annual mean did not meet completeness criteria Table 4. Substitution Test (TDVmax) for Validation of the 2012 DV: Hilo Station Max Test Orig. Station YearIncomplete
Daily Ann.Test DVDV Quarter Complete PM 2 ,5 Mean Valid? HL(150011006) 2010

3
74 9.7 5.475 5.3

Y HL (150011006) 2012

2

71 14.5 5.975 5.3

Yhttps://www.fedex.comlshipping/htmllenlPrintlFrame.htm From: (808) 586-4200 Clean AirBranch Dept of Health! Clean Air Br 919 Ala Moana Blvd., Ste. 203 Honolulu, HI 96814 SHIP TO: (415) 947.4i57
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