Mlii - FM 21-6

REt. ICopy 3

EPARTMENT

BASIC FIELD MANUAL

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS

FOR TRAINING, INCLUDING

TRAINING FILMS AND

FILM STRIPS

February 1, 1942
FM 21-6

BASIC FIELD MANUAL

.,

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS

FOR TRAINING, INCLUDING

TRAINING FILMS AND

FILM STRIPS

February 1, 1942

UNITED STATESB

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 1942

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C.
WAR DEPARTMENT,

WASHINGTON, February 1, 1942.

FM 21-6, List of Publications for Training, including Training Films and Film Strips, is published for the information

and guidance of all concerned.

[A. G. 062.11 (2-1-42).]

BY ORDER OF TIHE SECRETARY OF WAR:

0. C. MARSHALL,

Chief of Staff.

OFFICIAL:

E. S. ADAMS,

Major General,

The Adjutant General.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Para- SECTION I. FIELD SERVICE REGULATIONS, FIELD MAN- graph Page

UALS, AND TECHNICAL MANUALS.

Scope ___----_---- __---- __-__----___ 1 1

Texts ____________________________ -- 2 1

Numbering ________________________ -- 3 2

Changes__________________________ - -4 3

Copyrighted matter ________________ -- 65 4

How distributed -___________--_-- -- 6 4

Allowances_______________________ - -7 4

Inspection of official files of publications___________------------------ 8 5

II. TRAINING CIRCULARS.

Scope _____________________________ -- 9 5

Numbering ------- __________________ 10 5

Distribution_ -_________________.__-__ 11 5

III. LIST OF PRINTED PUBLICATIONS.

Army Regulations -----_------------ 12 6

Firing Tables________ ______________- 13 6

Instruction Charts ____________----- 14 6

Mobilization Regulations____-------- 15 7

Mobilization Training Programs_____ 16 8

Tables of Basic Allowances and Allowances____________________________ 17 12

Tables of Organization ______------- 18 15

Training publications_-________----- 19 15

Field Manuals________________ ---- Technical Manuals_ ________------

Technical Regulations __________--_ IV. TRAINING FILMS AND FnILM STRIPS.

General _____________-_____________ 20 88

Purpose of visual training aids_______ 21 88

Advantages of training films--------- 22 90

Preparation of training films__------- 23 91

Projection facilities_______---------- 24 91

Storage of films ____________-------- 25 93

Rules for use of 35-mm films__------- 26 94

Rules for use of 16-mm films -------- 27 94

Distribution of training films ------- 28 95

Distribution of film strips_______----- 29 97

Use of training films----_____------- 30 97

Errors in use of visual training aids___ 31 101

Assistance to training agencies ------ 32 102

Lists of training films and film strips__ 33 102 APPENDIX. TRAINING FILM EXAMINATION ________------ 184

IJI
FM 21-6

BASIC FIELD MANUAL

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

(This pamphlet supersedes FM 21-6, September 1, 1941; Training

Circulars Nos. 64 (section II), 65, and 69, War Department, 1941.

SECTION I

FIELD SERVICE REGULATIONS, FIELD MANUALS, AND

TECHNICAL MANUALS

* 1. SCOPE.-This manual contains lists or references to lists

of publications or matter required for military training.

* 2. TEXTs.-The primary texts for training in schools, including extension courses, in garrison, in training centers,

and in the field are War Department training publications

issued, as a general rule, in the form of Field Service Regulations, Field Manuals, and Technical Manuals. Technical

Regulations will eventually be eliminated by the inclusion of

suitable material in other training documents.

a. Field Service Regulations constitute the basis of instruction of all arms and services in the operations of war and

announce the basic doctrines which are expanded and applied

in other texts. They contain the fundamental considerations

concerning the employment of the combined arms and the

combined services, and the strategical, tactical, and administrative employment of larger units and territorial commands. For convenience, Field SerVice Regulations are numbered in the Field Manual series.

b. Field Manuals constitute the primary means for expanding the basic doctrines of the Field Service Regulations.

They are published in three general divisions as follows:

(1) The Field Manuals for the several arms and services

contain instructions relative to the tactics and technique involved in the employment of such arms and services, together

with data needed in the theater of operations.

(2) The Basic Field Manuals contain training and reference data applicable to more than one arm or service, with

special reference to the smaller units.

1
2-3 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

(3) The Staff Officers' Field Manual is a compilation of

information and data to be used as a guide for the operations in the field of the general staff or a similar staff group

of all units in peace and war. c. Technical Manuais consist of a series of pamphlets supplementing the Field Manuals covering subjects, the separate treatment of wh:ch is considered essential to a fuller

accomplishment of the training prescribed in the Field Manual series. The scope of this series includes pamphlets

describing materiel and containing instructions for the operation, care, and handling thereof; guidebooks for instructors and specialists; material for extension courses; reference

books; and the like.

Blank and drill ammunition used in "basic weapons" is,

covered in the FM 23-series. Blank ammunition used by

field artillery or antiaircraft artillery will be covered in the

Technical Manual for the particular weapon. Blank ammunition for harbor defense and railway artillery will be cov- ered in TM 9-905, when published.

U 3. NUMBERING.-The number of each pamphlet will consist of two parts: the basic number and subnumber.

a. The basic numbers will be as follows:

1. Air Corps,

2. Cavalry.

3. Chemical 'Warfare Service.

4. Coast Artillery Corps.

5. Corps of Engineers.

6. Field Artillery.

7. Infantry.

8. Medical Department.

9. Ordnance Department.

10. Quartermaster Corps.

11. Signal Corps.

12. Adjutant General's Department.

13. Inspector General's Department.

14. Finance Department.

15. Judge Advocate General's Department.

16. Chaplains.

17. Armored Force.

18. Tank Destroyer.

19. Military Police.

2
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 3-4

20 to 31. Basic Field Manuals.

100. Field Service Regulations.

101. Staff Officers' Field Manual.

105. Umpire Manual.

b. The subnumbers for Field Manuals will be from 1 to 199

and for Technical Manuals 200, etc.

c. Examples:

FM 6-110-Field Artillery Field Manual-Pack Artillery.

FM 22-5-Basic Field Manual-Infantry Drill Regulations.

FM 100-5--Field Service Regulations-Operations.

TM 4-235-Technical Manual-Coast Artillery Target

Practice.

d. Reference.--For references in correspondence or publications, Field Manuals and Technical Manuals will ordinarily be referred to by number only, that is, FM 6-110 or TM

4-235; if it is necessary to identify the publication further,

the title will be added, that is, FM 6-110, FAFM, Pack

Artillery; TM 4-235, Coast Artillery Target Practice.

*4. CHANGES.-a. In order that prompt recommendations

may be submitted, each agency charged with the preparation of a manual will keep a folder of suggested changes.

Serious errors will be reported at once.

b. How effected.-When the subject matter contained in

a pamphlet is changed or corrected, it will be published as a

change only when it is deemed inadvisable to revise and

reprint the entire pamphlet.

c. When promulgated.-Changes will, as a general rule, be

published as soon as practicable after the necessity for a

change arises. The number and date of the change will follow the classification number at the end of each paragraph.

A change requiring immediate attention will be published in a

War Department numbered training circular (see sec. II),

or as a printed change.

d. How 2ublished.-When printed, changes will be published on one side of the page only so that they may be cut

and pasted over the matter which they change.

e. How numbered.--Changes will be numbered in a single

series for each edition of each pamphlet, a new series being

started with the first change pertaining to an edition.

3
4--7 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

/. Drafts.-Drafts of matter submitted for publication as

changes will contain both the existing and the proposed matter, the matter to be omitted, with a line drawn through it,

and the proposed matter underscored.

g. Minor changes.--Minor changes, such as those intended

merely to change the rhetorical construction of a portion of

regulations for purposes of clarity or those not involving a change of doctrine, will be allowed to accumulate and will

be published in a revision of the regulations in question.

h. Changes affecting other publications.-When changes

are prepared which may affect other War Department publications or portions thereof to the extent of requiring modifications of the latter, changes to the other publications so affected will be prepared and submitted at the same time.

* 5. COPYRIGHTED MATTER.-See AR 310-10.

· 6. How DISTRIBUTED.-Training publications and changes

thereto will be distributed through the distributing agencies

enumerated in AR 31.0-200.

* 7. ALLOWANCES.---a. The initial distribution of pamphlets

will be in accordance with the following unless otherwise

directed:

(1) Ten copies of every pamphlet to the headquarters of

GHQ and of each army, corps, corps area, or department.

(2) Two copies of every pamphlet to-

(a) Office of each chief of arm, service, and the National

Guard Bureau.

(b) Headquarters of each division unless a larger allowance

is indicated by symbols. See paragraph 19.

(c) Headquarters of each general and special service

school.

(d) Headquarters of the United States Military Academy.

(e) Each arm and service board.

(3) One copy of every pamphlet for-

(a) Headquarters of each garrisoned post or camp.

(b) The official office file of the professor of military science

and tactics of each educational institution maintaining Reserve Officers' Training Corps or section 55c NDA units. The

reference library of each educational institution maintaining

one or more units of the Reserve Officers' Training Corps is

entitled to receive for each unit one copy of the training

4
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 7-11

publications pertaining to the unit. Junior Reserve Officers'

Training Corps units will be given the same distribution as

senior infantry units.

(4) To headquarters other than the above, as indicated

opposite each pamphlet in the list under paragraph 19.

b. Individuals, headquarters, and offices may, on showing

need therefor, obtain any printed pamphlet by applying to

the distributing agency serving them.

* 8. INSPECTION OF OFFICIAL FILES OF PUBLICATIONS.-a. Commanding officers will have all official files of military publications of their commands inspected semiannually and will

require that they be kept properly posted to date. These

publications will at no time be removed from the custody of

the organization or office to which issued, and commanding

officers will see that the publications are transferred to the

successor in the office or in command.

b. Stocks or copies of any publication on hand which are

in excess of current or anticipated need will be reported to the

distribution agency for instructions as to disposition.

SECTION II

TRAINING CIRCULARS

N 9. ScoPE.-The purpose of training circulars is to promulgate new doctrine for test; to issue minor changes in Field

Manuals and Technical Manuals, or other training literature;

and to disseminate War Department training policies from

time to time. Training information that should receive wide

distribution should be forwarded by all agencies charged with

the formulation of training policies. This applies particularly

to changes in existing Field Manuals, Technical Manuals, and

Training Circulars. Changes in Army Regulations and War

Department Circulars are ordinarily published in War Department numbered Circulars rather than Training Circulars.

* 10. NUMBERING.-Training circulars will be numbered consecutively for each calendar year. For references in correspondence or publications an abbreviation such as "TC 1"

(1941) may be employed.

· 11. DISTRIBUTION.-Same as paragraph 14, AR 310-200.

5
12-14 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

SECTION III

LISTS OF PRINTED PUBLICATIONS

* 12. ARMY REGULATIONS.-For list of Army Regulations, see

AR 1-10. For Army R.egulations on safety precautions, see

AR 750-10 and 850-20.

* 13. FIRING TABLES.--For list of Firing Tables, see Standard

Nomenclature List No. F-69 distributed by the Ordnance

Department.

* 14. INSTRUCTION CHARTS.-Instruction charts are prepared

and issued by the Ordnance Department covering ammunition and small arms. Each chart is listed in the appropriate

Standard Nomenclature List, under Equipment: Articles for

Instructional Purposes.

6
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 15

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* 18. TABLES OF ORGANIZATIONS.-See list of Tables of Organization, October 1, 1941.

* 19. TRAINING PUBLICATIONS.-a. General.-(1) The lists below show the pamphlets other than confidential or secret,

published to date by number, title, and date of publication,

the number of the changes thereto, together with symbols

indicating the distribution of each pamphlet.

(2) Explanation of symbols.-A combination of letters, indicating the headquarters of organizations and numbers,

indicating the specific arms or services to which the distribution is limited, is used. The meanings of these are as

follows:

(a) Letters. (See also (d) and (e) below.)

D.-Headquarters of divisions. If more than two copies

are issued, see paragraph 7a(2) (b).

B.-Headquarters of brigades.

R.-Headquarters of regiments.

Bn.-Headquarters of battalions or similar organizations.

C.-Headquarters of companies and similar units.

1.-Used in combination with the above letters indicates the pamphlet is to be issued to interested

organizations only.

H or L.-H used in combination with the above letters

indicates that the pamphlet will be issued to the

particular organization specified and higher headquarters; L to particular organization specified and

lower headquarters.

X.-Special distribution as directed by the War Department.

(b) Numbers.

1. When not in parentheses, numbers are used to indicate the various arms and services as follows:

1. Air Corps.

2. Cavalry.

3. Chemical Warfare Service.

4. Coast Artillery Corps.

5. Corps of Engineers.

15
19 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

6. Field Artillery.

7. Infantry.

8. Medical Department.

9. Ordnance Department.

10. Quartermaster Corps.

11. Signal Corps.

12. Adjutart General's Department.

13. Inspector General's Department.

14. Finance Department.

15. Judge Advocate General's Department.

16. Chaplains.

17. Armored Force.

18. Tank Destroyer.

19. Military Police.

2. When in parentheses numbers indicate the number

of copies to be furnished.

(c) Where a letter is not followed by any numbers, it indicates that the pamphlet is distributed to all the headquarters

described by that letter. Numbers following a letter indicate that the distribution is limited to the headquarters of

organizations of those arms and services identified by the

numbers. Where a cash (-) is used between numbers, it

indicates that all the serial numbers between the end numbers

are included in the distribution.

(d) The distribution for Air Corps units will be on thefollowing basis:

Headquarters, Ai:: Force Combat Command, air forces,

and air bases--same distribution as for divisions;

Wings-same as for brigades;

Groups-same as for regiments;

Squadrons-same as for battalions;

Separate flights or detachments-same as for companies.

(e) Distribution for medical installations will be on the

following basis:

Hospital center

General hospital

Medical Department Same as for divisions.

concentration center

16
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 19

Auxiliary surgical hospital

General dispensary

Hospital train

Medical laboratory, army or Same as for communications zone

Medical examining unit, aviation

Medical laboratory, general

Medical supply depot, army or

communications zone

Station hospital, communications

zone or zone of interior (symbol

SH)

25 beds or under as noted for SH

under distribution of manual.

50 beds or under, twice the number noted.

100 beds or under, three times the

number noted.

200 beds or under, four times the

number noted.

500 beds or under, five times the

number noted.

1,000 beds or under, six times the Same as for number noted.

2,000 beds or under, ten times the

number noted.

Surgical hospital

Evacuation hospital

Veterinary station

hospital

Veterinary evacuation

hosiptal~hosiptal (Symbol M). Veterinary general'

hospital

Convalescent camp

Convalescent hospital

Veterinary convalescent

hospital

Attached medical and veterinary detachments-same

as for companies.

17
19 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

(3) Example of symbols.-A pamphlet with distribution

symbols D (8); B 7 (2); R 4, 6, and 7 (10); IR 5 (10); Bn

3, 4, 6, 7, and 9 (3); IBn 5 (3); IC 3-7 (10); C 9 (2). Distribution in addition to that provided in paragraph 7a as

follows:

(a) D (8).

1. Eight copies to the headquarters of all divisions.

2. Eight copies to each hospital center, general hospital,

Medical Department Concentration Center.

3. Eight copies to the headquarters, Air Force Combat

Command and to each air base headquarters.

(b) B 7 (2).

1. Two copies to the headquarters of all infantry brigades.

2. Two copies to each of the offices of G-l, G-2, G-3, and

G-4 infantry brigade headquarters.

(c) R 4, 6, and 7 (10); IR 5 (10).

Ten copies to the headquarters of each coast artillery, field

artillery, and infantry regiment and to each interested engineer regiment.

(d) Bn 3, 4, 6, 7, and 9 (3); IBn 5 (3).

Three copies to the headquarters of each chemical warfare, coast artillery, field artillery, infantry, and ordnance

battalion, and to each interested engineer battalion.

(e) IC 3-7 (10); C 9 (2).

Ten copies to each interested chemical warfare, coast artillery, engineer, field artillery, and infantry company or similar unit, and two copies to each ordnance company.

b. Field Manuals.-The numbers to be assigned to the

pamphlets which have not as yet been numbered in the new

series are shown in parentheses in the first column.

18
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 19

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20-21 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

SECTION IV

TRAINING :FILMS AND FILM STRIPS

U 20. GENERAL.-a. Training films and film strips, supplemented by illustrations in printed manuals, constitute the

primary visual aids fo:r training the Army. The purpose of

this section is to describe specifically the visual aid facilities

furnished by the War Department, to explain how they are

intended to be used and how they are made available for use,

in order that all personnel responsible for the conduct and

supervision of training can employ them to the maximum

advantage in accomplishment of the training objective.

b. Training flms.-M-ilitary training films are sound motion

pictures produced specifically for use as aids in expediting and

standardizing instruction of the Army. They teach through

the eye and ear combined and by thus utilizing two of the

physical senses compel interest, and impress a lasting picture

of the lesson or lessons presented.

c. Film strips.-A film strip is a series of still transparencies

portrayed on individual, consecutive frames of a strip of 35-

mm motion picture film. Film strips are designed for instructional purposes in those subjects where no concept of

motion is involved. Since any individual frame can be held

on the screen as long as desired, film strips are of great value

in enabling the student to check his work with the correct

procedure or technique shown on the screen, or to permit the

instructor to point out and discuss appropriately vital points

of the discussion.

d. Value as training aids.-When correctly used by training

agencies, training films and film strips are powerful aids in

expediting and standardizing instruction. They are neither

designed for, nor can they be most effective as, the sole means of class or unit instruction. They are not a substitute for

practical application, but are intended for use by the instructor as instructional aids. Their improper use indicates a failure on the part of training agencies to understand and

apply the methods of instruction discussed in section VI,

FM 21-5, Military Training.

U 21. PURPOSE OF VISUAL TRAINING Arrs.-a. General.-In the

expansion of the visual aid program the War Department has

88
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 21

merely adopted the most advanced and proven instructional

methods of recognized experts in the teaching profession.

Experience has demonstrated that the proper use of visual

aids better illustrates the textbook and other conventional

forms of instruction as well as materially shortens the time

required for the absorption of new information. These considerations are of primary importance in a military program

which has for its objective the welding of large numbers of

untrained troops into efficient combat units in a minimum of

time. By making available training films and film strips

covering the entire field of military subjects, training agencies have been provided with a valuable medium which can

assist them in the rapid accomplishment of their training

missions. The maximum potential instructional value of

these aids can never be attained, however, until all personnel

charged with the conduct of training are prepared to consider

the question of their usefulness with an open mind, and utilize

them properly.

b. Classes of training ftlms.-(1) Training filins are designed for use in the applicatory system of instruction and

ordinarily in the explanation and demonstration phases (pars

66-67, FM 21-5). They are often invaluable to the instructor in providing for the troops a general orientation to the

course. During discussion or review they may be also used

to advantage for demonstrating correct procedures and methods or techniques which should have been followed in practice.

They are of material assistance to officers in preparing themselves to give instruction, or to provide a quick review of a

subject prior to the conduct of a training inspection.

(2) Since training films are intended for a definite purpose and for use at a specific time and place in the training

program they are divided into the following classifications:

(a) Basic.-This type of film presents factual knowledge

for general instruction and is intended for every arm and

service. It is designed to equip enlisted men with basic information as early as possible in their military careers. Since

the great majority of these men have acquired the national

habit of seeking general information as well as entertainment

in the motion picture theater, this type of film exploits this

habit by incorporating to the fullest extent, human interest

factors based on accepted military doctrine. Examples of

89
21-22 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

this basic type are the films on "Sex Hygiene," "Personal

Hygiene," "Military Courtesy and Customs of the Service,"

and the "Articles of War."

(b) Mechanical.-Subjects in this class explain the mechanical functioning or operating characteristics of weapons,

mat6riel, and equipment; illustrate the organization or equipment of units; and explain physical or chemical phenomena

of military value. Examples of this type of film are those

pertaining to the theory of aerial gunnery, the construction

and operation of various types of motors, the stripping,

assembling, and functioning of various ordnance, and organization or equipment.

(c) Technical.-Films of this class illustrate the use of

weapons and equipment, and the actions of an individual or

a group in performing an operation or series of operations.

Examples are films dealing with the use of various types of

pioneer equipment; tale duties of personnel manning various

crew-served weapons; and the technique of fire of weapons.

(d) Tactical.--Films of this type illustrate the application

of basic combat tactics of the different arms and services.

The titles of such films are self-explanatory.

* 22. ADVANTAGES OF TRAINING FILMS.-In any training program the proper use of training films, carefully integrated

with the training schedule, possesses the following advantages:

a. Saving in training time.-(1) Training films concentrate

attention on essentials by showing only the significant action

or thing. Interest-diverting factors are eliminated.

(2) They bring demonstrations of tactical exercises or

equipment to the troops, thus eliminating the time-consuming

factors of moving troops to demonstration areas.

(3) The same demonstration can be shown repeatedly without expending time and labor in setting up facilities or equipment for each demonstration. This further contributes to

a savings in equipment, material, and transportation.

(4) Instruction in the care, maintenance, and operation of

new material is often available in training films before the

arrival of this equipment in the field, thereby enabling troops

to be better prepared to operate it immediately upon its

delivery.

b. Improvement in quality of instruction.-(1) Local limitations of terrain, highly trained personnel, time, funds, 'or

90
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 22-24

facilities may frequently restrict many organizations in conducting demonstrations sufficiently adequate in scope and

perfection of detail to meet the objective sought. Regardless

of their location or local limitations, demonstrations are available to all of the field forces by means of training films which

in their production utilize the advantages of carefully coordinated and rehearsed service school demonstrations, prepared

under the most favorable conditions of terrain, facilities, and

thoroughly trained personnel. Standarization of instruction

to widely scattered troops will result.

(2) In the mechanical functioning of weapons or motors,

action which is concealed from view by exterior parts, or is

so slow or fast that it cannot be observed in its normal operation, is clearly depicted by means of animation or slow motion.

(3) Training films permit all members of an organization

to see and hear simultaneously all phases of an action, which

otherwise could be seen and heard by only a few observers

close to the operation being discussed.

* 23. PREPARATION OF TRAINING FILMS.-The various steps required in the production and release of a training film axe

similar to those involved in the preparation and publication

of a training manual or other form of training literature.

Extreme care is exercised in all stages of production in order

to insure accuracy for instructional purposes, as a film permits no interpretation or correction by the instructor after

it has been shown to troops. Since retention by the observer

of the visual image presented by a film is vastly more complete and lasting than the same impression received from the

spoken or written word, the standard of performance established for the observer must approach perfection as closely as

possible. Each film follows the principles of accepted teaching method, is designed for showing before a particular audience group, and conforms in all details to approved War

Department doctrine or technique.

* 24. PROJECTION FACILITIES.---a. Release prints.-Training

films are released in both 35-mm and 16-mm sizes. Lists of

all training film and film strip subjects which have been released, with a brief outline of their scope, are contained in

paragraph 33b, c, and d below. Lists of subjects released

between successive revisions of this manual are published in

91
24 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

War Department Training Circulars and incorporated in the

succeeding revision.

b. Motion picture prrojectors.-(1) Two types of sound motion picture projection equipment are now in use in the Army.

One type is the large, 35-mm, regular theater-size projector

which is installed in all theaters operated by the U. S. Army

Motion Picture Service. At posts where U. S. Army motion

picture theaters are in operation the 35-mm equipment is

available for the projection of training films at such times

as will not conflict with regularly scheduled showings of the

U. S. Army Motion Picture Service. (Par. 7e, AR 210-390.)

(2) The second type of projection equipment available

is the portable 16-mm sound projector. This equipment is

suitable for the projection of films before groups of the size

of a company or similar organization, and can be used in any

recreation room, mess hall, or other location capable of being

darkened and provided with a convenient power outlet.

While projectors are now shipped on the basis of one per

regiment, War Department Tables of Basic Allowances are

being revised to provide for a distribution of one per battalion,

for training purposes only.

c. Film strip projectors.-Film strip projectors, have been

provided on the basis of one per battalion or similar organization. The portability of this equipment likewise enables

it to be rotated among the companies of the battalion and

used in any location equipped with a suitable power outlet.

Unlike the motion picture projectors, however, the light

source of the film strip projector is of sufficient magnitude

as not to require a darkened room. Film strips may be projected upon the outer walls of buildings which are not in

the direct rays of the sun.

d. Operation of projectors.-The projection equipment

furnished by the War Department for training purposes is

rugged, durable, and easy to operate. Observance of the

following simple rules will result in improved projection

qualities and reduced maintenance problems:

(1) Follow carefully the instructions accompanying projection equipment in regard to threading of the film and

adjustment of the equipment.

(2) Protect from excessive moisture.

92
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 24-25

(3) Oil projection equipment when necessary but do not

get oil on the film.

(4) Keep sprocket teeth, aperture plates, and lenses free

of dirt.

(5) Keep loose ends of film off the floor and keep film

clean.

(6) Film can be cleaned of dirt and grease with a soft,

clean cloth. This cloth can be saturated with carbon tetrachloride if it is desired to clean thoroughly the film of oil

and grease. This must be done while winding the film slowly

across a pair of rewinders and allowing the tetrachloride to

evaporate before it reaches the take-up reel. Adequate

ventilation should be provided during this process.

(7) In repairing sound film, in the areas where no modulation of the sound track occurs, several picture frames may

be removed without seriously affecting the picture. Whenever modulation of the sound track occurs, two or three

frames may generally be removed without seriously affecting

the resultant sound. Removal of any considerable length will

generally cause the loss of complete words or mar their

intelligibility. Wherever this occurs, a report will be made

to the office from which the film was obtained so that the

necessary reprints can be made.

(8) Motion picture projectors cannot be run backward or

stopped to permit projection of individual frames of film.

Proper reproduction of sound necessitates a uniform film

speed of 90 feet per minute for 35-mm films and 36 feet per

minute for 16-mm films.

* 25. STORAGE OF FILMS.--a. For instructions governing storage of nitrocellulose films, see AR 850-65. Nitrocellulose

(nitrate) film is highly inflammable and must be afforded

fireproof storage.

b. Cellulose acetate (safety) film ignites and burns approximately the same as ordinary newspaper. Storage conditions considered satisfactory for ordinary newspaper are

usually satisfactory for cellulose acetate film.

c. In most instances the film manufacturer indicates on

the film whether the film is nitrate or safety. If no designation can be found, the following test is recommended:

Place a small piece of film in a spoon and heat the spoon

with a candle. If the film ignites with a "pop" and combus443390'-42 7 93
25-27 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

tion is completed immediately, the film is cellulose nitrate.

If the film smolders slowly and burns quietly for a few

seconds, the film is cellulose acetate.

d. All 16-mm films are on safety base and are subject to

the same storage regulations as 35-mm safety film. All

35-mm release prints made subsequent to 1940 are on safety

bases.

* 26. RULES FOR USE OF 35-MM FILMS.--The following instructions will govern in connection with the use of standard

or 35-mm films:

a. A qualified operator only will be permitted to operate

the projector.

b. Nitrate films are highly inflammable or even explosive

under certain conditions; therefore, they must not be exposed to excessive heat or to fire hazards such as furnaces,

stoves, open flame, heating pipes, or to the projector light'

beam except while the projector is running. Safety films,

although not as highly inflammable as nitrate, should be

handled with similar precaution during projection.

c. Smoking will not be permitted in the projection booth

or elsewhere near the films.

d. While threading up the projector and at all other times

when the film breaks or stops moving across the aperture,

the douser on the lamphouse will be closed.

e. Magazine doors and the door to the projector head will

be closed before starting the machine.

f. In case the film catches fire in the projection head, stop

the machine.

DO NOT OPEN MA4GAZINE DOORS. LEAVE IMMEDIATELY.

g. A chemical fire extinguisher and a bucket of sand will

always be kept in the projection booth for emergency use.

h. In the standard or 35-mm size, either silent or sound

films can be run through either the silent or sound type of

projector without physical damage to the film.

* 27. RULEs FOR USE OF 16-Mn FILMs.-a. The substandard or

16-mm films are all of the slow-burning or "safety" base type

and consequently are not hazardous to handle in projection.

b. They will be protected from excessive heat.

c. The 16-mm sound film subjects are on single sprocket

hole type film with the sound track occupying the area':

94
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 27-28

normally occupied by the second row of sprocket holes in

the silent type film. On the silent type projector 16-mm

sound film subjects cannot be run. They can be used only

on the sound type equipment.

d. Silent type subjects in 16-mm size can be run through

16-mm sound projectors without damage.

e. Sound pictures necessitate a 50-percent increase in projection speed over the silent type. Most 16-mm sound film

projectors provide for two speeds:

(1) Sound picture speed.

(2) Silent picture speed.

Satisfactory sound cannot be obtained by running sound films

at silent film speed.

f. During outside operation of 16-mm motion-picture equipment, many insects are attracted to the strong light of the

projector as the film is unwound from one reel and wound

on to the other reel. Insects attach themselves to the film

and are wound on the reel. Chemical reaction resulting from

the decomposition of the insects which have been wound

on the film often injures the film and in some cases the film

is ruined. In order to avoid this during operation of 16-mm

projection equipment out-of-doors, an electric fan should be

operated continuously upon the projector and upon the reel on which the film is wound after the film is run through the

projector.

* 28. DISTRIBUTION OF TRAINING FniMs.-a. General.-Training films have been made available to all training agencies by

means of a library system of distribution and circulation, designed to insure a flexible and economical use of these facilities consistent with a wide variety of training needs. In

order that the maximum benefits may be obtained from a

proper integration of training film subjects in the training

program, a knowledge of the availability of training film

libraries, and the manner in which subjects may be obtained

therefrom, is essential for all personnel charged with the conduct of training.

b. Film libraries.-(1) A central distribution library for

training films is maintained at each corps area headquarters

and oversea department. This library is stocked with all

training film subjects released by the War Department as

listed in paragraph 33 below and successive editions of this

95
28 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

manual. The central distribution library provides a training film distribution service, on a temporary loan basis, to

all organizations within the corps area or department.

Requests from posts or separate organizations to which a

sub-library is not available (see (2) below) will be addressed

to the corps area commander specifying whether a 35-mm

or 16-mm size is required (see pars. 19 and 20, AR 105-260).

(2) Training film sub-libraries are established at major

troop concentrations, including divisional camps and replacement training centers, within the continental United States,

and at oversea bases. The purpose of the sub-library is to

have immediately available for the troops served therefrom

the subjects for which there is a relatively constant training

need. Other subjects for which there is only an occasional

or infrequent need are obtained from the central distribution

library on a temporary loan basis by timely requests to the

corps area commander. The initial stockage of these sublibraries by the War Department is based on the recommendations of chiefs of arms and services concerned, after

consideration of the training objectives of the troops stationed at these locations. Subjects not initially stocked at

sub-libraries, and for which a continuing training need subsequently develops, may be obtained for permanent retention

by the sub-library upon request to the Chief Signal Officer.

Subjects initially stocked and which are subsequently founda

to be needed rarely, or not at all, should be promptly reported

to the Chief Signal Officer in order that they may be made

available elsewhere. Separate or small organizations located

in close proximity to sub-libraries, but not a component of the

major troop concentration served therefrom, may obtain

training film subjects on a temporary loan basis upon application to the most convenient sub-library.

(3) Auxiliary libraries under the control of local sublibraries, are established at posts where schools are situated,

or where circumstances make advisable. The auxiliary libraries so established are provided with training films in

accordance with their needs by the local sub-library. '

(4) Reception center libraries are established at each

reception center for their exclusive use. These libraries are

stocked with prints of those basic training subjects which yfie

required by War Department instructions to be shown to

96
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 28-30

personnel passing through the reception center. These subjects are-

(a) TF 8-154 Sex Hygiene

TF 8-155 Personal Hygiene

TF 11-157 Military Courtesy and Customs of the

Service

TF 11-235 Articles of War

(b) Provided the interim between their processing and

forwarding to units or installations to which assigned permits,

all personnel passing through reception centers will also

attend a showing of the following basic subjects:

TF 8- 33 First Aid, Parts I-III

TF 8-150 First Aid, Part IV. Injuries and Accidents

TF 7-248 Instruction of the Soldier, Dismounted,

Without Arms, Positions and Facings

(5) The procedure for the distribution of training films

described in the preceding subparagraphs applies to all elements of the United States Army except the Army Air Forces.

The method of distribution for those forces is described in

A. A. F. Regulations No. 65-4.

* 29. DISTRIBUTION OF FILM STRIPS.-The initial distribution

of film strips is made by the War Department directly to

organizations upon recommendation of the chiefs of the

arms and services. Subsequent distribution is made by the

Chief Signal Officer upon direct request of the organization

or installation desiring them.

* 30. USE OF TRAINING FILMS.-a. General.-Two requirements are fundamental in the use of visual training aids if

they are to accomplish the results of which they are potentially capable. The first requirement is a local, centralized

responsibility for the physical control of projection equipment and films. The second is a clear understanding on the

part of all instructor personnel of what visual instruction is

and how visual aids should be utilized in unit training.

b. Equipment and facilities.-Training films, film strips,

and the equipment required for projecting them are facilities

provided specifically for training purposes. Their use must

be coordinated by the local commanding officer in the same

manner as other limited training facilities, such as rifle

ranges, to insure that each unit of his command may have

97
30 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

its necessary share of time for use in training (par. 19, FM

21-5). While the local signal property officer is accountable

for projection equipment and films, property responsibility isa function of the training section of the local commander's

staff to insure the constant availability of this equipment,

for training purposes. A suggested organization for properly

utilizing visual aids in a combat division, and the scope of its

functions is outlined below. This functional operation may!

be modified to conform to any unit or training installation.

(1) A designated officer in the operations and training

division or section will be responsible for visual aid training

in the division.

(2) This officer will have property responsibility for all

projection equipment furnished the division and coordinate

its use among the subordinate units of the division to insure

that the maximum benefit is obtained from it. He will

arrange with the local sub-library serving his division for

prints of training films required in the division.

(3) He will maintain an up-to-date catalog of all films

in the sub-library serving the division with a synopsis of

their scope and running time and the number of prints of

each subject.

(4) He will maintain a booking schedule to provide for the use of films within the division which will enable him to

fill and adjust timely requests for films to be included in

subordinate training schedules.

(5) Upon arrival of new films in the sub-library he will

arrange for an early showing to all subordinate operations

and training officers so that they may be promptly informed

of the availability of new material.

(6) He will continually check on the use being made of

training films by subordinate units in the division to see that

all training agencies are familiar with the subjects in the

film library and the scope of each; that these subjects are

integrated in the training schedules at the proper time, and

are being presented in accordance with proper instructional

method. By his thorough knowledge of all phases of the

training program, he will assist subordinate training agencies

in obtaining the maximum benefits of these facilities.

c. Use by instructors.-The value of training films and film

strips as training aids in enabling instructors to accomplish

98
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 30

their training mission is in direct proportion to the effective

utilization of these aids by instructors in their conduct of

training. This implies a clear understanding on the part

of personnel charged with training of what visual instruction

is and its capabilities and limitations. Training films are

not automatic teachers which take the place of the instructor.

Because a thing or subject is observable it is not necessarily

observed. While much can be learned from simply seeing

and listening to films, full advantage is not taken of their

potentialities as training aids if the instructor does nothing

more than screen them. The following procedure is suggested for all training echelons in obtaining the maximum

effectiveness from the use of training films and film strips:

(1) In formulating the training program, the operations

and training officer will include as text references training

films and film strips pertinent to the scope of training prescribed for each subject. This requires a familiarity with

the material available in the local film library in b(5) above

as well as a knowledge of subjects contained in paragraph 33

below. Since the existing state of training varies so widely in

different organizations, the operations and training officer

will preview all training films or film strips in the same manner that he reviews a training manual or other form of literature, to insure that the visual aids he includes in his

program are applicable to the particular training mission in

each subject.

(2) In the same manner that he anticipates the need for

other limited training facilities and makes timely provision

for their availability when needed by subordinate echelons,

the operations and training officer will coordinate the use of

the limited amount of projection equipment allotted the

regiment.

(3) Before preparing his detailed schedule the company or

similar unit commander will preview the training films and

film strips cited as text references to determine at what

period in the instruction a particular film will be most useful.

In-certain films having several parts, only that part having

particular reference to the specific phase of the subject then

being taught should be shown. Certain films deal with general principles and activities in a given situation. Others

show in detail how some particular operation is carried out.

99
30 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

The first would be more suited to giving a general orientation

at the beginning of a course of instruction, or for review purposes at the completion of the course. The second would give

best results at a defirnite point in the course after the general

principles have been assimilated. Only a preview of available films will determine whether or not they are applicable,

and where, in the schedule, they can be used most profitably.

(4) The instructor designated in the training schedule to

conduct training in a specific subject must coordinate all

available material in his lesson planning (see pars. 88-92,

FM 21-5). This requires a preview of the film or film strips

to be used; since a krowledge of their content on the part of

the instructor, is as equally essential as his knowledge of

texts or any other material used in the presentation of the

subject. Failure on the part of any instructor to familiarize

himself thoroughly with the content of a film prior to its

screening will result in his inability to discuss the pertinent

points illustrated, cause embarrassment to the instructor

and waste valuable training time.

(5) With 16-mm projection equipment, audiences should

be limited to groups not exceeding a company in size; and

preferably to a platoon. If larger groups are present the

screen image is not sufficiently bright to permit the personnel

in rear to see it without eye strain and with resulting loss of

interest. Certain types of basic films such as "Sex Hygiene"

and "Articles of War" can well be shown in War Department

theaters before large audiences.

(6) Ordinarily screenings should not exceed 30 minutes

in length with films on not more than one subject shown in

each half day of instruction.

(7) The mechanism of instruction as described in paragraph 64, FM 21-5 should be followed whenever training films

and film strips are used. The instructor should preface the

showing of the film or film strip by a brief explanation of the

object or scope of the film and the essential points which

should be looked for by the audience. The screening of the

film provides the demonstration phase. Whenever possible

the object or equipment being shown on the screen should be

present in the classroom. This is especially desirable where

film strips are used to describe equipment or illustrate a

manual operation, as it enables the student to check his work

100
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 30-31

with correct procedure on the screen as explained by the

instructor. If it is impracticable to bring larger items of

mat6riel into the classroom, the class should be taken to

them immediately following the screening in order that they

may inspect or operate the object itself and crystallize the

screen presentation while it is still fresh in their minds. This

constitutes the application phase.

(8) Following the screening of each film, a brief examination should be conducted by the instructor for the purpose of

reviewing the essential points of the subject and impressing

them on the minds of the students. This examination may

be oral or written but the questions should be carefully prepared, confined to the content of the film and designed to

determine the student's understanding of the material presented. Appendix I gives a suggested technique with question and answer form, for conducting an examination. An

informal summation conducted by the instructor should follow the examination to clarify important points of the subject.

* 31. ERRORS IN USE OF VISUAL TRAINING AIDS.-As the result

of surveys conducted by the War Department the following

more common errors have been noted in the use of training

films by various training agencies:

a. Failure to integrate appropriate training films at the

proper time in the training schedule. Since each training

film is intended for instruction in a specific subject it can

have little instructional value if it is not used at the time

troops are receiving instruction in that subject.

b. Use of training films as fillers-in for rainy day or inclement weather instruction. This results from an inadequate or

improper training plan. Responsible commanders must insure that units do not use films in this manner.

c. Failure of instructors to apply correct instructional

methods as prescribed in section VI, FM 21-5. This has

resulted in-

(1) Marching troops to a theater or projection room and

showing them a film without explanation as to what they

are to see and why they are to see it.

(2) Failure of the instructor to insure that classroom facilities, especially ventilation, are adequate. (See par. 85, FM

21-5.)

101
31-33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

(3) A complete absence of any discussion following the

film, or check to determine whether the audience has absorbed the subject matter.

(4) The consecutive showing of a number of unrelated

films without interruption.

(5) Showing of films to audiences so large in size that the

instructor is unable to exercise proper supervision. This results in loss of control by the instructor and loss of interest

by the audience (see pEs. 30c(5) above).

(6) Lack of knowledge or preparation by the instructor,

resulting from his failure to preview the training film or film

strip prior to screening.

(7) Insufficient and ineffective supervision by higher com-.

manders of the use of training films and prompt remedial

action to eliminate indifference or incorrect methods.

* 32. ASSISTANCE TO TRAINING AGENCIES.-A visual aid section composed of experts in visual education is being established in the War Department under the supervision of the

Chief Signal Officer. Personnel from this section will make

periodic visits to the field for the purpose of inspecting projection equipment and library facilities. This personnel also

will be available to training agencies for consultation and

recommendation relative to the local utilization of visual

training aids. All training agencies are encouraged to avail

themselves of the experience of this personnel during their

visits of inspection with a view to obtaining their suggestions

as to how the maximum benefits may be attained from visual

aids in military training.

* 33. LISTS OF TRAINING FILMS AND FILM STRIPS.-a. General.-The lists below Show the training films and film strips

published to date by number, title, and year of release, together with a brief synopsis of their content.

b. Sound training fl/ms.-(1) All subjects are available in

the standard 35-mm size and those available also in 16-mm

size are so. indicated after. the title. Silent 16-mm films can

be run on 16-mm sound projectors without damage to the

film; but sound 16-mm films CANNOT be run on silent

16-mm projectors without destroying the film.

(2) All films not permanently stocked at sub-libraries or

auxiliary libraries may be obtained by application to corps

102
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

area central distribution libraries. (See par. 28b(2) above

and par. 19, AR 105-260.)

(3) Numbers indicate the branch primarily responsible

for the preparation of the subject matter (see par. 3) and

the Signal Corps serial number of the film.

(4) Subjects applicable to more than one arm or service

are indicated by an asterisk (*).

(5) Subjects under preparation and whose release had not

been completed on date of publication of this manual are

indicated by a dagger (t). The release of these subjects is

expected on or before April 1, 1942. The number of reels

and running time of each subject are shown on the film

container.

c. Silent training ftlms.--(1) Silent training films are no

longer being produced but a limited number are still in

circulation. These are being withdrawn as rapidly as they

can be revised and replaced by sound films. These films

are not stocked in sub-libraries but may be obtained for

temporary loan by application to corps area commanders.

All subjects are available in the standard 35-mm size, and

those available also in 16-mm size are so indicated after

the title. Silent 16-mm films can be run on 16-mm sound

projectors without damage to the film.

(2) See b(3) and (4) above.

103
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

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d. Film Strips.-(l) Where matter contained in the film

strip is not self-explanatory, brief notes accompany the

strip (see par. 29, AR 105-260). Organizations may requisition film strips direct from the Chief Signal Officer. There

is no property accountability for film strips.

(2) See b(3) and (4) above.

Air Corps.

FS 1-1. Summary of Flight Rules.

Illustrates various situations that arise

when flying the airways and proper procedure

to comply with Department of Commerce

Regulations. In general, covers all the rules

as prescribed in Part I, Manual No. 60, Civil

Air Regulations, as approved by the Civil

Aeronautics Board.-No notes.

1-2. Airport Traffic Control.

Illustrates various situations that arise

when flying the airways and proper procedure

to comply with Department of Commerce

Regulations. In general, covers all the rules

as prescribed in Part I, Manual No. 60, Civil

Air Regulations, as approved by the Civil

Aeronautics Board.-No notes.

1-3. Airway Traffic Control.

Illustrates various situations that arise

when flying the airways and proper procedure

to comply with Department of Commerce

Regulations. In general, covers all the rules as prescribed in Part I, Manual No. 60, Civil

Air Regulations, as approved by the Civil

Aeronautics Board.-No notes.

*1-4. Machine Tools, Part I, The Lathe.

Covers nomenclature, practical use, and

operation.-No notes.

*1-5. Machine Tools, Part II, The Milling Machine.

Covers nomenclature, practical use, and

operation.-No notes.

'1-6. Machine Tools, Part III, Planers.

Covers nomenclature, practical use, and

operation.-No notes.

'1-7. Machine Tools, Part IV, The Shaper.

156
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

Covers nomenclature, practical use, and

operation.-No notes.

PS 1-8. Aerodynamics.

This film strip treats of the motion of air

and the force it exerts upon solids moving

through the air. It demonstrates how turbulence and skin friction oppose useful dynamic reaction.-No notes.

1-9. Aircraft Engine Repairs.-Classification of

Engine Types.

In this strip the engines are classified as to

type, in line, V type, double V type, the X type,

opposed or flat type, the radial type and cubic

inch displacement. The engine units such as

the cylinders, pistons, crankshafts, etc., are

described. Some suggestions as to the factory

methods of numbering cylinders are shown.

(Reference, pars. 9-17, TM 1-405.)--No notes.

1-10. Introduction to Airplane Structures.

In this strip the Air Corps designation of

airplanes is made. Types, models, and series

are indicated. The principal structural units

are illustrated. Emphasis is placed upon nomenclature of airplane structures. Attention is

given to markings and insignia. (Reference,

pars. 1-4, TM 1-410.)-No notes.

1-12. Using an Aircraft Machine Gun.

This film strip will show the nomenclature

and operation of the cal. .30 and cal. .50 aircraft

machine gun, and will picture the synchronization of these guns with the propeller. Scenes

will show the P35, P38, P39, and P43 equipped

with the armament. Armament installations

and correct methods of firing from different

positions will be included.-No notes.

*1-14. Browning Aircraft Machine Gun, Cal. .30, M2,

Functioning of Parts During Recoil and

Counterrecoil.

This film strip will show the operation of the

extractor assembly during recoil and counter443390'--42 -11 157
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

recoil , tlhe functioning of the breech lock, firing

mechanism, firing pin, belt feeding mechanism,

face of the bolt, and operation of the front

barrel bearing assembly.-No notes.

*FS 1-15. Principles ofInternal Combustion Engines.

The operation of the 4-cycle aircraft engine

is shown by photographs of cutaway sections

and diagrams. The basic principles are illustrated by common analogy.-No notes.

1-16. Structural Units of the Airplane.

In this strip, illustrations dealing with the

fuselage, the engine mount, the wings, the

stabilizer, cowling, and fairing are shown. The

internal construction of the various structural

units are illustrated with cutaway section

views. Where possible, types of construction

are shown.-No notes.

1-17. Aircraft; Storage Batteries.

This strip illustrates the types of batteries

used on the airplane and their operating principles. The battery is carefully described as

to container, plates, separators, electrotype,

vent system, and terminals. Charging methods are also illustrated. Methods of testing

batteries in the feld are described.-No notes.

1-18. Synchronization of Aircraft-Part I-Principles of Synchronization.

This film strip describes methods in synchronizing aircraft machine guns on airplanes.

It shows a gun synchronizer, trigger motor,

tube and wire assembly which connects the

two, and the control unit which enables the

pilot to fire at will. The relationship of the

four units is pictured and the principles are

illustrated.-No notes.

1-20. Enlarging Aerial Negatives.

This shows how enlarging, reducing, and

restitution of aerial negatives are accomplished

with the Air Corps project printer, Type

B-9.-No notes.

158
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

Cavalry.

FS 2-1. Care of Animals.

Subject matter deals with elementary hippology, feeding, grooming, features in preservation of horseflesh during service in the field,

procedure in care after long periods, of strenuous effort (marches, etc.), animal records,

and details in connection with the diagnosis

and treatment of ordinary ailments.--Notes.

2-2. Army of the United States.

Command-staff, administrative establishment from commander in chief to combat

division.-Notes.

2-3. Cavalry Organizations, Cavalry Regiment,

Horse.

Organization of the cavalry regiment, horse,

diagrammed down to and including the rifle

and light machine-gun squads. Basis WD,

T/O 2-11, 2-15, 2-17, and 2-18, dated November-1, 1940.-No notes.

Chemical Warfare Service.

*3-1. Defense Against Chemical Attack-Chemical

Agents and First Aid.

Characteristics of chemical agents, how to

recognize the various agents, and first-aid

treatment of gas casualties.-Notes.

*3-2. Effects of Weather, Terrain, Weapons, and

Tactics.

General effect of weather and terrain on the

employment of chemical agents; characteristics of chemical weapons and ammunition;

basic principles covering the tactical employment of chemical agents.-Notes.

*3-3. Protection and Protective Equipment.

Individual and collective protection devices

including masks, canisters, protective clothing, decontamination materials and equipment, protective shelters, etc.-Notes.

*3-4. Nomenclature and Air Flow System of the

Standard Service Gas Mask.

Detailed nomenclature of the gas mask and

passage of air through the mask.-Notes.

159
33 LIST OF 'UBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

*FS 3-5. Ndmericlature and Air Flow System of the

St'andard Training Gas Mask.

The detailed nomenclature of the standard

training gas mask and the passage of air

through the mask.-Notes.

3-6. Nomenclature and Parts of Miscellaneous Gas

Masks.

Covers the nomenclature of miscellaneous

military masks and respirators.-Notes.

*3-7. Principles of Gasproofing for Shelters.

Covers the two general types of gasproof

shelters (ventilated and unventilated) with

notes on the improvisation of them.-Notes.

*3-8. Nomenclature and Air Flow System, The Horse

Gas Mask, M4 and M5.

Comprises nomenclature for structural differences, their components, parts, their use

with equipment, the air flow system and packing of the horse gas masks, M4 and M5.-

Note;s.

3-14. The Portable Chemical Cylinder.

This film strip covers the following subjects: Nomenclature and assembly and instructions for wiring for electrical firing of the

portable chemical cylinder; packing and shipping; cleaning, testing, and drying; and filling

and charging of the cylinder.-Notes.

Coast Artillery Corps.

*4-1. Characteristics of Naval Targets.

This film strip, containing 77 frames, briefly

surveys the types of naval vessels to be found

in the principal navies of the world. Special

emphasis has been placed on identification.

Representative views of the various types of

vessels are shown together with pertinent data

as to displacement and armament. The accompanying notes contain much detailed information which cannot readily be shown on

the various frames.-Notes.

160
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

*FS 4-2. Identification of Aircraft.

This film strip, containing 61 frames, deals

briefly with identification by sound, markings,

structure, and silhouettes. It shows tactical

formations. It presents views of the various

types of aircraft now in use in the principal

air forces of the world. The accompanying

notes contain data that cannot readily be

shown on the frames. They also contain the

International Marking System for aircraft.-

Notes.

4-3. Antiaircraft Artillery Guns and Accessories.

This film strip, containing 92 frames, is

confined to antiaircraft artillery gun material.

Fire-control equipment is not included. The

film strip traces the historical development

of antiaircraft artillery guns. It deals in

some detail with the 3-inch, 105-mm, and

90-mm antiaircraft guns. It covers construction, nomenclature, and emplacement of the

guns. The accompanying notes contain

many details that cannot be shown on the

frames.-Notes.

4-4. Automatic Weapons, Antiaircraft.

This film strip, containing 65 frames, deals

in some detail with the construction and operation- of the caliber .50 machine gun, M2,

and the 37-mm AA gun, M1Al. It also covers

the fire-control system used in the operation

of these weapons. The accompanying notes

contain many details that cannot be shown

on the frames.-Notes.

4-5. Searchlight Equipment, Antiaircraft.

This film strip, containing 29 frames, deals

in some detail with searchlights, sound locators, and control stations. It covers the construction and operation of the equipment. It

also deals briefly with power plants and

searchlight trucks. The accompanying notes

contain many details that cannot be shown

on the frames.-Notes.

161
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

PS 4-6. Seacoast Artillery Weapons and MaterielPart One.

Covers classification; construction; supports;

carriages and mounts; recoil and counterrecoil

mechanisms: and elevating and traversing

mechanisms.-Notes.

4-7. Seacoast Artillery Weapons and MaterielPart Two.

Covers obturation; breechblocks; firing

mechanisms; and loading mechanisms.-

Notes.

4-8. Seacoast Artillery Weapons and Mat6rielPart Three.

Covers sights; guns, fixed and mobile; subcaliber guns and tubes; and seacoast searchlights.-Notes.

Corps of Engineers.

*5-1. Map Reading.

Conventional symbols, types of maps and

scales, location of points, military grid, azimuths, orientation, resection, intersection,

elevation, relief, contours, military features of

terrain.-Notes.

*5-2. Aerial Photograph Reading.

Comparison of vertical and oblique views,

5 and 9 lens composites, mosaics, orientation,

interpretation, scales, errors and distortions,

stereoscopic vision.-Notes.

*5-3. Camouflage.

Examples of World War practice and common errors. Elements of modern practice.

Primarily for ROTC instruction.-Notes.

5-5. Portable Bridges.

The H-10 and H-20 steel truss bridgesNotes.

*5-6. Obstacles.

Examples of World War practice. Modern

wire obstacles and methods. Antimechanized

obstacles of wire, ditches, logs, posts, rails,

mines, blocks.-Notes.

162
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

*FS 5-7. Demolitions.

Examples of World War demolitions. Modern equipment and procedure.-Notes.

5-8. Assault Boats and Footbridges.-Notes.

5-9. Ponton Bridges.

Examples of World War bridges. Modern

equipment and procedure.-Notes.

5-10. Present Day Camouflage.

:': Special film strip for special course to be

conducted at Ft. Belvoir, Va., for intelligence

officers.-Notes.

*5-12. Military Water Supply Procurement.

World War installations. Modern equipment, mobile plant, portable unit.-No notes.

5-13. Military Water Supply-Purification.

World War installations. Modern equipment, mobile plant, portable unit.-NQtes.

Field Artillery.

6-1. Field Artillery Wire Communication.

Telephones and Switchboards.-Notes.

6-2. Field Artillery Wire Communication.

Telegraphy-simplex and phantom circuits.

Wire installations and maintenance. Field

artillery wire systems.-Notes.

6-3. Field Artillery Firing, Preparation of Fire.

Determination of data with instruments and

from maps. Use of plotting equipment. Restitution from air photos. Schedule fires.

MDC. Survey procedure.-Notes.

6-4. Field Artillery Firing-Conduct of Fire, Part I.

Axial precision and bracket, and sensing.-

No notes.

6-5. Field Artillery Firing-Conduct of fire, Part II.

Lateral precision and bracket-large and

small T.-No notes.

6-6. Field Artillery Firing-Conduct of Fire, Part

III.

Air Observation and liaison methods.-No

notes.

163
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

FS 6-7. Field Artillery, Elementary Gunnery.

Interior and exterior ballistics, dispersion,

effect of projectiles, and elementary firing.-

Notes.

6-8. Field Artillery Weapons.

Cannon now in the service, showing their

development and modification since 1918.-

Notes.

6-9. Field Artillery Prime Movers and Vehicles.

The vehicles shown include reconnaissance

vehicles, trailers, wire carrying and laying

vehicles, and ammunition carriers.-Notes.

Injantry.

*7-1. The United States Rifle, Cal. .30, M1, Part I,

Mechanical Training, Care and Cleaning,

Functioning.

This film strip shows the characteristics of

the M1 rifle, disassembling into groups, ammunition, care and cleaning, and charts and

pictures the function of the piece.-No notes.

*7-2. The United States Rifle, Cal. .30, Ml, Part II,

Mechanical Training, Stoppages and Immediate Action, Service of the Piece.

Shows by charts the causes and corrections

of malfunctions, and by captioned pictures the

steps of immediate action, loading and unloading, and safety precautions.-No notes.

*7-3. The United States Rifle, Cal. .30, M1, Part III,

Marksmanship.

Shows by pictures and charts preparatory

marksmanship training, 1,000-inch range practice, and known distance range practice,

including the sight picture, triangles, use of

the sling, positions, sandbag rest, coach and

pupil method, skirmish run, range and windage

adjustments, windage clock and rule targets,

score sheet, ranges and antiaircraft firing.-

No notes.

*7-4. Hand Grenades.

Shows the general types, construction of

each type, the throw from standing, kneeling,

164
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

and prorie positions, throwing range, courts,

coach and pupil method, the score card, and

safety precautions.-No notes.

*FS 7-5. The United States Rifle, Cal. .30, Model 1903,

Part I, Description, Disassembling, Assembling, Care and Cleaning.

Shows the general characteristics, disassembling, assembling, and care and cleaning

of the 1903 rifle.-No notes.

*7-6. The United States Rifle, Cal. .30, Model 1903,

Part II, Functioning, Individual Safety

Precautions.

Shows the operations of loading the magazine and chamber, extraction of the empty

case, unloading, the use of the cut-off, safety

lock, and cocking piece, and safety precautions.-No notes.

*7-7. Infantry Weapons and Their Characteristics,

Individual Weapons.

Pictures, gives characteristics and use of

the following individual weapons: U. S. Rifle,

Cal. .30, M1; U. S. Rifle, Cal. .30, M1903; U. S.

Rifle, Cal. .30, M1903A1; U. S. Rifle, Cal. .22,

M1922M1; Bayonet, M1905; Browning Automatic Rifle, Cal. .30, M1918; Browning Automatic Rifle, Cal. .30, M1918A1; Browning

Automatic Rifle, Cal. .30, M1918A2; Automatic

Pistol, Cal. .45, M1911; Automatic Pistol, Cal.

.45, M1911A1; Hand Grenade, Mk II; Hand

Grenade, CN-DM M6; Hand Grenade, CN

M7.-No notes.

*7-8. Infantry Weapons and Their Characteristics,

Crew-served Weapons.

Pictures, gives characteristics and use of

the following crew-served weapons: Browning

Machine Gun, Cal. .30, M1917; Browning

Machine Gun, Cal. .30, M1919A4; Browning

Machine Gun, Cal. .50; 37-mm Gun, M1916;

37-mm Antitank Gun, M3; 60-mm Mortar,

M2; 81-mm Mortar, M1.-No notes.

165
33 LIST OF' PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

*FS 7-9. Infantry Signals, Part I. Whistle Signals,

General Arm-and-hand Signals.

Describes whistle signals, and shows pictorially general hand-and-arm signals such

as forward, halt, commence firing, and cease

firing used by all infantry units.-No notes.

*7-10. Infantry Signals, Part II. Signals for Crewserved Weapons.

Shows pictorially hand-and-arm signals

such as action, elevate, and off carts applicable

to crew-served weapons of the infantry.-No

notes.

*7-11. The 60-mm Mortar, M2, Part I. Organization,

Description, Disassembling, Assembling,

Care and Cleaning.

Shows the characteristics, employment,

principal parts, and care of the 60-mm

mortar.-No notes.

'7-12. The 60-mm Mortar, M2, Part II. Sighting

Equipment, Instruments, Ammunition,

Safety Precautions, and Misfires.

Shows aiming stakes, details of the M4

sight; field glass, type EE, lensatic compass,

modified prismatic type; ammunition types,

shell markings, shell container, ballistic data,

the propelling charge, cotter ring and pin;

safety precautions and misfires, including

method of removing shell.-No notes.

*7-13. The 60-mm Mortar, M2, Part III. Placing

Mortar In Action.

Shows methods of transportation, hand

carrying of equipment, and training in duties

of each man. A squad is shown mounting the

mortar, firing, removing a misfire, and finally

going out of action. The method of mounting

on steep slopes is also shown.-No notes.

7-14. Manual of the Saber.

Shows how and when each movement of

the saber manual is executed. The draw,

carry, present, order, parade rest, port saber,

166
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

use of the saber knot, and return saber are

explained.-No notes.

*FS 7-15. The 60-mm Mortar, M2, Part IV. Marksmanship.

Shows a method of instruction 'and the execution by the mortar crew, using exercises

outlined in FM 23-85. Covers sight setting,

laying for direction, laying for elevation, use

of the range table, establishing direction of

fire, loading, range estimation, fire orders,

sensing, conduct of fire, preparation and use of

range cards, and use of a progress chart.-No

notes.

*7-16. The Automatic Pistol, Cal. .45, Models 1911,

1911A1, Part I. Mechanical Training,

Description, Nomenclature, Ammunition.

(FM 23-35.)

Shows by pictures and drawings the mechanism; principal parts, magazine, and cleaning

equipment of the pistol; and the construction,

packing, and ballistics of the ball cartridge.-

No notes.

'7-17. The Automatic Pistol, Cal. .45, Models 1911,

1911A1, Part II. Disassembling, Assembling, Care and Cleaning. (FM 23-35.)

Shows disassembly sufficient for ordinary

field cleaning, complete disassembly and assembly of the piece and magazine, and care

and cleaning, in garrison, after firing, and in

combat.-No notes.

7-23. Manual of the Guidon. (FM 22-5.)

Shows the design, display, and manual of

the guidon. The order, carry, facings, rests,

present, salute, double time, and position of

guidon bearer in formation are explained.-

No notes.

7-24. 81-mm Mortar, M1, Part I. Mechanical

Training, Description, Mounting, Dismounting, Care and Cleaning. (FM

23-90.)

167
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

Shows characteristics, data, and nomenclature of the 81-mm mortar and ammunition. Pictures disassembling, assembling;

the steps of mounting and dismounting, establishing direction, placing base plate,

actions of No. 1 and No. 2; and care and

cleaning, after firing and in case of a gas

attack.-No notes.

PS 7-25. The 81-mm Mortar, Part II.

Shows the M4 sight in detail, giving the

nomenclature, operation, mounting, use in

laying in elevation and deflection, dismounting, the sight case, care and cleaning; covers

the use of the firing and deflection tables;

laying the mortar without the sight; spare

parts and accessories; and fire control instruments, showing the nomenclature and

use of the compass, field glass, and wire communication equipment of the mortar squad.-

No notes.

7-26. 81-mm, M1, Part III.

The characteristics of 81-mm ammunition:

nomenclature, propelling charge, stabilizing

fins, fuzes, and method of packing; safety precautions before and after mounting, before

and during firing; removal of a misfire from

the mortar, and causes of misfires.--No notes.

*7-27. The 81-mm Mortar, Part IV.

Training for placing the mortar in action.

Shows method of carrying mortar and equipment, unloading from truck, the equipment

carried by members of the squad, mounting the

mortar for action, laying and firing the mortar and handling ammunition.-No notes.

7-31. The Browning Automatic Rifle, Cal. .30, M1918,

M1918A1, M1918A2, Part I.

Shows the general characteristics, data, and

nomenclature of the Browning automatic rifle;

the development from the M1918 through the

M1918A1 to the M1918A2 by indicating the

basic differences; the methods of firing at

168
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

ground and air targets; ammunition; field

disassembling land assembling (shown in detail, each movement of disassembling being

illustrated).-No notes.

PS 7-32. The Browning Automatic Rifle, Cal. .30,

Models 1918, 1918A1, 1918A2, Part II.

Shows in detail how to disassemble and

assemble the 1918A2 bipod; two methods of

removing and replacing the firing pin without disassembling the rifle; removing and replacing the extractor without disassembling

the rifle; disassembling and assembling the

magazine.-No notes.

*7-38. United States Rifle, Cal. .30, M1903, Part III,

Marksmanship 1st, 2d, and 3d Exercises

(FM 23-10).

Shows the coach and pupil method of instruction, executing exercises with the sight

bar, alining on the target, and making triangles. Correct and incorrect sight pictures

are shown. The necessity of careful, faithful

practice is emphasized.-No notes.

*7-45. Browning Machine Gun, cal. .30, M1917, Part I.

General characteristics of the Browning

Machine Gun: direct, indirect, overhead fire,

use in attack, in defense, against airplanes;

blank firing attachments description: Nomenclature, tripods, cooling system; organization

of a heavy weapons company.-No notes.

*7-46. Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .30, M1917, Part

II, Disassembling-Assembling, by Groups

(FM 23-55).

Removal of the backplate, bolt handle, bolt,

lock frame, barrel extension and barrel, latch

and cover from the gun. Replacing groups in

gun, including making headspace adjustment.-No notes.

7-47. Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .30, M1917, Part

Three.

Detailed disassembling and assembling of

the bolt, lock frame, barrel extension, and

cover.-No notes.

169
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

*FS 7-48. Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .30, M1917, Part

IV.

Disassembling the shoc absorbing groups,

belt-holding pawl, and steam tube; packing

the breech and muzzle ends of the barrel;

changing parts (time an element) parts not

requiring removal of the barrel, parts requiring removal of barrel.-No notes.

*7-49. Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .30, M1917, Part

V.

This strip illustrates the procedure to be

followed in keeping the gun in good working

condition. It illustrates the general care and

cleaning of the gun, as well as its care before

and after a gas attack. Also covered are

points to be observed before, during, and after

firing.-No notes.

*7-56. Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .30, M1917,

Part XII.

Technique of fire. Direct laying. Characteristics of fire, classes of fire. Range, determination and windage.-No notes.

*7-57. Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .30, M1917,

Part XII.

This strip shows the methods of target designation, use of reference points, description

of target, distribution of fire by section and

platoon to engage various types of targets,

(point, deep, wide, oblique-fixed, or moving),

aiming points, elements of a fire order.-No

notes.

07-48. Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .30, M1917, Part

XIV.

Technique of fire, direct-laying overhead

fire.-No notes.

7-60. Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .30, HB, M1919A4

(Ground), Part I. Mechanical Training: Description, Disassembling-Assembling by Groups. (FM 23-45.)

The characteristics, principle of operation,

mount, nomenclature, use, disassembling and

assembling by groups.-No notes.

170
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

*FS 7-61. Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .30, HB, M1919A4

(Ground), Part II.

Detailed disassembling and assembling of the

bolt lock frame barrel extension, and cover;

disassembling the shock absorbing group, and

belt-holding pawl; changing parts when time

is a factor.-No notes.

7-68. The 37-mm Antitank Gun, M3, Part I.

Characteristics and Description.

Shows the general characteristics, data, and

nomenclature of the 37-mm antitank gun, M3,

mounted on the M4 carriage; the method of

moving the gun by carrier and by hand; ease

in manipulating and firing the gun; types of

ammunition used; targets engaged; the organization of the antitank company and squad.-

No notes.

Medical Department.

*8-1. First Aid and Sanitation-Disposal of Waste.

Field sanitary devices noted in FM 21-10 for

proper care and disposal of human excreta,

garbage, liquid wastes from kitchen, baths,

wash tubs, and laundries.-No notes.

*8-2. Communicable Disease Control; Control of

Respiratory Diseases.

Control of respiratory diseases including

standards of floor and air space, bed spacing,

cubiculization and ventilation (ROTC).-No

notes.

Control of Intestinal Diseases (A and B):

*8-3. (A) Water Supply and Purification.

Procurement responsibility, requirements,

sources, methods of field purification, storage

and distribution (ROTC).-No notes.

*8-4. (B) Food Control.

- Control of intestinal diseases including field

messes, ice boxes, washing of mess kits, fly

development, traps and bait.-No notes.

*8-5. Control of Insect-borne Diseases.

Sanitary devices for fly, mosquito, louse, and

flea control including rat proofing.-No notes.

'171
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

*FS 8-6. Venereal Disease Control.

Venereal diseases, their lesions and some of

their complications, control and prophylaxis.-

No notes.

*8-7. First Aid.

General, including first-aid precautions,

steps in treatment and varieties of hemorrhage. First-aid treatment of fractures, snake

bites, drowning, and transportation of patients.--No notes.

8-8. Principles of Military Epidemiology; Control

of Respiratory Diseases; Selection of

Camp Sites.

Responsibility, spread, classification, sources,

control of sources, and control measures of

communicable disease, housing as it affects

respiratory disease, and military and sanitary

factors in selecting a camp site.-No notes.

(Control of Intestinal Diseases, A, B, and C):

8-9. (A) Water Supply and Purification.

Procurement responsibility, requirements.

sources, methods of field purification, storage

and distribution. (More comprehensive and

advanced than 8-3.)-No notes.

8-10. (B) Food Control.

Same scope as 8-4.-No notes.

8-11. (C) Disposal of Wastes in Camps and

Bivouacs.

Same scope as 8-1.-No notes.

8-12. Control of Insect-borne Diseases.

Same scope as 8-5.-No notes.

8-13. Sanitary Inspection, Reports, Orders and Surveys; Statistical Methods.

Types, basic, military and environmental

features of sanitary survey, types of reports,

and statistical methods including charts.-

No notes.

*8-14. Organization of the Field Army.

Organization of the field army emphasizing the nature and extent of the medical

service.-Notes.

172
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

FS 8-15. Army Leg Splint, Half Ring, Hinged.

General principles governing the care of

fractures and extensive soft tissue injuries

of the lower limb, and a demonstration of the

use of this splint, in indicated cases.-Notes.

*8-16. Ambulance Loading and Unloading.

A demonstration of ambulance loading and

unloading of animal- and motor-drawn ambulances.-Notes.

Medical Service, Infantry Division, Square:

8-17. Unit Medical Service (Medical Detachments).

The organization, the establishment of installations by and tactical operations of

medical detachments of the infantry division,

square.-Notes.

8-18. Section I, Division Surgeon's Office.

The organization and command and staff

functions of the division surgeon's office of

the infantry division, square.

Section II, Medical Regiment.

The functions and functional divisions of

the medical regiment and its tactical dispositions.-Notes.

8-19. Headquarters and Service Company Medical

Regiment.

Functions and functional divisions and location of functional activities of the headquarters

and service company, medical regiment.-

Notes.

8-20. 1st Battalion (Collecting) Medical Regiment.

Organization of collecting battalions, collecting companies and their tactical operation.-Notes.

8-21. 2d Battalion (Ambulance) Medical Regiment.

Organization of ambulance battalions, ambulance c o m p a n i e s and their tactical

operations.-Notes.

8-22. 3d Battalion (Clearing) Medical Regiment.

Organization of clearing battalions, clearing

companies and their tactical operations.-

Notes.

443390°'42-12 173
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

PS 8-23. The Medical Battalion.

The organization, combat functions, functions other than combat and the establishment of the various installations of the medical

battalion designed to render service for the

infantry division (triangular), infantry division (triangular, motorized), and those units

known as corps troops.-No notes.

*8-24. Shelter Tent Pitching.

Details each step in the erection of the single

shelter tent and the double shelter tent.-No

notes.

8-25. First Aid for Gunshot Wounds of the Face and

Jaws.

Necessary procedure: Control of hemorrhage-clearance and maintenance of air

passage-stabilization of parts.

Followed by bandages-wiring-prevention

of shock-evacuation.-Notes.

8-26. The Roller Bandages (Barton, Modified Barton, and Parker Bandages).

Detailed method of application of the following bandages:

a. Barton.

b. Modified Barton.

c. Parker.-Notes.

8-27. The Roller Bandages (Circular, Modified Gibson, Knotted and Recurrent Bandage of

Head).

Detailed method of application of the following bandages:

a. Circular.

b. Modified Gibson.

c. Knotted.

d. Recurrent bandage of head.-Notes.

8-28. The Roller Bandages (Four-Tailed, First-Aid

Packet, Figure-of-Eight, Crossed (One

Eye), and Crossed (Both Eyes).

Detailed method of application of the follow174
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

ing bandages:

a. Four-tailed.

b. First-aid packet.

c. Figure-of-eight.

d. Crossed bandage (one eye).

e. Crossed bandage (both eyes).-Notes.

FS 8-29. Emergency Bandaging of Face and Jaw Injuries.

Rules for utilization of compress-bandageswound dressings.

Fourteen types of bandages applied in

emergency bandaging of face and jaw injuries.

First-aid packet. Medical pouch and contents

(both normal and capacity).--Notes.

8-30. Triangular Bandages (Face and Jaw Wounds).

Details methods of preparation and application of triangular and cravat bandages; includes fronto-occipital triangle (head cap),

cravat of head or ear, chin-cheeks--scalp

cravat, and triangular compressed bandage.-

Notes.

8-31. Roller Bandage (Face and Jaw Wounds).

Details methods employed in preparation,

application, and removal of roller bandage;

includes principles of application of the figureof-eight, spiral reverse, and spica bandages.-

Notes.

8-32. Extra-Oral Traction Appliances (Wooden

Tongue Depressor Traction Appliance and

Metal Coat Hanger Traction Appliance).

Details methods of preparation and application of the wooden tongue depressor traction

appliances and the metal coat hanger traction

appliance.-Notes.

Ordnance Department.

*9-1. Small Arms (rifles, pistols, revolvers, automatic rifles).

Captioned photographs of each standard

weapon.-Notes.

*9-2. Infantry and Cavalry Accompanying Weapons.

Captioned photographs of each standard

weapon.-Notes.

175
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

*FS 9-3. Small Arms Machine Guns and Mounts.

Captioned photographs of each standard

weapon.-Notes.

*9-4. Field Artillery.

Captioned photographs of each standard

weapon.-Notes.

*9-5. Railway and Seacoast Artillery.

Captioned photographs of each standard

weapon.-Notes.

*9-6. Aircraft and Antiaircraft Artillery-Guns.

Captioned photographs of each standard

weapon. This film includes photographs showing progressive development of this subject.-

Notes.

*9-7. Aircraft and Antiaircraft Artillery-Fire

Control.

Captioned photographs of each standard

instrument. This film includes photographs

showing progressive development of this subject.-Notes.

*9-8. Automotive Mat6riel.

Captioned photographs of automotive materiel.-Notes.

*9-15. Military Explosives.

Captioned photographs of containers and

types of powder. Excellent material for training and basic training.-Notes.

*9-16. Small Arms Ammunition.

Captioned photographs and cross section

drawings of each type of small arms ammunition. Excellent material for basic training.-

Notes.

*9-17. Artillery Ammunition.

Unusual captioned photographs illustrating

types of artillery ammunition. Excellent material for basic training.-Notes.

*9-18. Bombs and Pyrotechnics.

Captioned photographs of each type of

bomb, nose and tail fuze. Included is a table

of bomb assemblies, correct to September 1,

1940. Excellent for basic training.-Notes.

176
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

*FS 9-19. Hand Grenades and Trench Mortar Ammunition.

Captioned photographs of each type of ammunition, and containers for shipment and

storage in the field. Excellent for basic training.-Notes.

*9-20. The U. S. Rifle, Cal..30, M1, Part I, Disassembly

and Assembly (3d and 4th Echelon).

Covers the M1 rifle in detail as to disassembly

and assembly.-Notes.

*9-21. The U. S. Rifle, Cal. .30, M1903A1, Part I, Disassembly and Assembly (3d and 4th Echelon).

Covers the M1903A1 rifle in detail as to disassembly, assembly, and nomenclature and inspection. The historical background of the

M1903 and M1917 rifles is covered briefly.-

Notes.

9-22. The U. S. Rifle, Cal. .30, M1903A1, Part IIInspection and Repair (3d and 4th

Echelon).

Covers necessary inspection procedure and

the use of inspection gages.-Notes.

9-23. The U. S. Rifle, Cal. .30, M1, Part II--Inspection

and Repair (3d and 4th Echelon).

Covers necessary inspection procedure and

the use of inspection gages.-Notes.

Quartermaster Corps. o

'10-20. Quartermaster Battalion (Bakery).

The organization, personnel, equipment, and

supply of the quartermaster battalion (bakery)

and the quartermaster company (bakery) at

war strength.-No notes.

10-22. Miscellaneous Quartermaster Units.

Quartermaster company-refrigeration.

Quartermaster company-sales commissary.

Quartermaster company-salvage collecting.

Quartermaster battalion-gasoline supply.

The mission; organization to accomplish the

mission; transportation and equipment provided; functions, and duties of the specialized

personnel -of the above listed quartermaster

units.-No notes.

177
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

FS 10-25. Miscellaneous Quartermaster Units.

Quartermaster company-sterilization and

bath.

Quartermaster company--depot (supply).

Quartermaster company-railhead.

Quartermaster company-mobile shoe repair.

The mission; organization provided to accomplish the mission; transportation and

equipment provided; functions, and duties of

the specialized personnel of the above listed

quartermaster units.-No notes.

10-27. Quartermaster Squadron Remount and Operation of a Quartermaster Remount Depot.

The organization and operation of the quartermaster remount depot, together with the

organization and functions of the quartermaster remount squadron and remount

troop.-No notes.

10-29. Graves Registration Units.

Depicts the duties and organization of the

quartermaster company, graves registration

service, by means of photographs taken during

'the World War, showing graves registration

units carrying out their allotted duties.-No

notes.

*10-33. Automotive Electricity.

Fundamentals and principles of electricity

and magnetism, terminology, storage battery

operation and maintenance; battery and magneto- ignition system; starting and generator

system; lighting and other electrical units

and systems.-No notes.

10-34. Automotive Power Transmission Units.

Power transmission systems, clutches, overdrives, transfer cases, power take-offs, propeller shafts and universal joints, final drives,

differentials, live axles and bearings; terminology and nomenclature.-No notes.

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LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

*FS 10-35. Chassis, Body, and Trailer Units.

Terminology and nomenclature; frames,

springs and shock absorbers; suspension and

steering systems; wheel alinement, rims and

tires; types of bodies, trailer units and

trailers.-No notes.

*10-36. Automotive Brakes.

Terminology; braking system; mechanism

and construction; mechanical, hydraulic, air,

vacuum and electrical systems.-No notes.

*10-37. Diesel Engines and Fuels.

Principles of operations, types, including

semi-Diesels, parts and their functions including nomenclature, lubrication and cooling,

fuels and fuel systems.-No notes.

*10-38. The Motorcycle.

Description, types and nomenclature of Indian and Harley-Davidson, U. S. Army Model

motorcycles, description of units, parts, and

their functions.-No notes.

*10-39. Lubrication.

Theory, source, types, properties, and characteristics of lubricants, selections, problems

and use of lubricants, lubrication charts and

schedules.-No notes.

,#10-40. Hand, Measuring, and Power Tools.

Explains .the specific purpose, correct use,

and proper care of the common tools of the

motor vehicle mechanic.-No notes.

*10-41. The Blacksmith and the Welder.

This explains the purpose and correct use

of tools and equipment of the blacksmith and

welder.-No notes.

*10-42. The Internal Combustion Engine.

Terminology and definition of terms, principles of operation, types of engines, parts and

their coordinated functions; engine lubrication

and cooling.-No notes.

*10-43. The Motor Vehicle.

Automotive nomenclature and terminology,

common words, terms and phrases; classifica179
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

tion, procurement, designation, registration,

and description of military motor vehicles;

payloads, weights and types; classification of

motor vehicle units and assemblies and their

functions.-No notes.

*FS 10-44. Fuel sand Carburetion.

Carburetor nomenclature, engine fuels, fuel

systems, physics and principles of carburetion;

types of carburetors, intake and exhaust systems, superchargers and governors.-No notes.

*10-45. Ford V-8 Reconnaissance Car, Maintenance

and Lubrication, Part 1.

A commercial film strip which has been

adapted for use as a War Department film

strip. The title is self-explanatory.-No notes.

* 10-46. Ford V-8 Reconnaissance Car, Engine Tune

Up, Part 2.

A commercial film strip which has been

adapted for use as a War Department film

strip. Title is self-explanatory.-No notes.

*10-47. Ford V-8 Passenger Car, Part 1, Maintenance

and Lubrication Services.

A commercial film strip which has been

adapted for use as a War Department film

strip. T'he title is self-explanatory.-No

notes.

*10-48. Ford V-8 Passenger Car, Part 2, Engine Tune

Up.

A commercial film strip which has been

adapted for use as a War Department film

strip. The title is self-explanatory.-No

notes.

*10-49. The Machinist.

A series of photographs for use of the instructor in the explanation of the drill press,

screw cutting engine lathe, the milling machine, the shaper, grinders, and grinding and

power hacksaws.-No notes.

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LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

*FS 10-50. 28-Series Zenith Carburetor.

A commercial film strip which has been

adapted for use as a War Department film

strip. The title is self-explanatory.-Nbtes.

*10-51. 23-Series Zenith Carburetor.

A commercial film strip which has been

adapted for use as a War Department film

strip. The title is self-explanatory.-Notes.

*10-52. Construction and Operation of Zenith 450-

Series.

A commercial film strip which has been

adapted for use as a War Department film

strip. The title is self -explanatory.-Notes.

10-53. First Echelon of Maintenance.

The duties, functions, and limitations of the

first echelon, a description of the personnel,

tools, and equipment.-No notes.

*10-54. Second Echelon of Maintenance.

The duties, functions, and limitations of the

second echelon, a description of the personnel,

tools, and equipment.-No notes.

*10-55. Third Echelon of Maintenance.

Outlining the basic functions and limitations

of the third echelon of maintenance, a description of the personnel, tools, and equipment

authorized.-No notes.

*10-56. Fourth Echelon of Maintenance.

Outlining the basic functions and limitations

of the fourth echelon of maintenance, a description of the personnel, tools, and equipment authorized.-No notes.

*10-57. Carter Carburetor.

A 'commercial film strip which has been

adapted for use as a War Department film

strip. The title is self-explanatory.-No

notes.

*10-58. Inspection of Motor Vehicles.

A general outline of motor vehicle inspections; the purpose, technique, and types of

inspection.-No notes.

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33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

'FS 10-59. Sheet Metal Work, Body, Fender, and Radiator

Repairs.

Illustrations herein to be used as instructors'

charts in conducting lectures on sheet metal

work, body, fender, and radiator repairs.-

No notes.

*10-61. The Storage Battery.

This film strip outlines battery construction,

operation, maintenance, care, and charging

methods.-No notes.

* 10-62. Motorcycle Inspection (Command, Maintenance, Technical).

The importance of systematic motorcycle

inspections and methods of making them,

based on WD, TM 10-515; illustrates routines

of daily, weekly, monthly, and semiannual inspections.-No notes.

*10-66. Electrical Tune-up.

Principal functions of electrical units,

tune-up procedure and minor adjustments.

maintenance and operation of the electrical

system.-No notes.

Signal Corps.

*11-1. Basic Signal Communication.

Lettering, message forms, phonetic alphabet, lineman's tools, wire splices, connections

for batteries, illustrations of telephones

EE-4, EE-5, and EE-8, Army organization and

military symbols (92 frames).-Notes.

Armored Force.

17-1. Blocking and Securing Motor Vehicles for Shipment by Railroad.

Illustrates methods of blocking and securing

various types of vehicles and guns for shipment by railroad. Also contains lists showing

number, size of standardized blocks and securing materials required for types of vehicles

from solo motorcycles to medium tanks. Applicable to all arms and services.-No notes.

182
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING 33

FS 17-2. Thompson Submachine Gun, Cal. .45, M1928A1,

Mechanical Training.

Covers the characteristics, nomenclature,

assembling and disassembling, functioning,

care and cleaning, stoppages and immediate

action, spare parts and accessories, safety precautions, and ammunition of the Thompson

submachine gun, cal. .45, M1928A1.-No notes.

17-3. The Light Tank, M2A4, Description and Characteristics.

Covers general description of the characteristics, nomenclature, certain details of construction and functioning of light tanks. The

light tanks, M2A4 and M3, equipped with either

gasoline or Diesel engine are described.-No

notes.

17-4. The Medium Tank, M2A1, Description and

Characteristics.

Covers general description of the characteristics, nomenclature, certain details of construction and functioning of the medium tank,

M2A1.-No notes.

17-5. Signals-Arm and Hand, Flag and Light.-No

notes.

17-6. Tank Maintenance, First Echelon, Part I.

Maintenance responsibility of crew; cleaning,

inspection, lubrication, tightening nuts and

bolts, care of tank tools and guns, care of

battery.

Maintenance performed under supervision of

second echelon maintenance personnel; removal of armor plates, changing oil, lubrication

of certain parts, track maintenance.

Emergency maintenance operations; replacement of fuses, adjustment of control rods, levers

and linkages, repairing fuel or oil line leaks.-

No notes.

17-7. Tank Maintenance, First Echelon, Part II, Inspections.

Covers in detail inspections before operation,

at the halt and after operation. The inspection

duties of the tank commander, which include

183
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

Suplervision of all crew members, and the duties

of the driver, the tank gunner, and the radio

operator are included.-No notes.

FS 17-8. The Medium Tank, M3, Description and Characteristics.

.Covers the general description of the medium

tank, M3, to include capabilities, common nomenclature, dimensions, armor and armament,

ammunition and equipment, crew, engine,

power train, suspension, and tracks.-No notes.

*17-9. The Half-Track, Description and Characteristics.

Describes types of bodies on the half-track

chassis; the various dimensions, armament,

equipment, and capabilities of the half-track

are shown. Engine, power train, driving system, suspension, and track. The uses of the

half-track as a prime mover are described.-

No notes.

APPENDIX I

TRAINING FILM EXAMINATION

· 1. GENERAL.-The technique described below together with

the sample form on page 191 are guides only. The questions listed pertain to TF 11-157, "Military Courtesy and Customs of the Service," which is stocked at all libraries and is,

therefore, available for all instructors to use in becoming

familiar with the procedure outlined herein. The same

technique can be applied to most training films by the individual instructor. The test of the questions pertaining to

any film being: that the film contains the answer; that the

question is neither too simple nor too difficult; that the

question is direct, clear, and possible of only one correct

answer.

* 2. PURPOSE.--The purpose of conducting an examination

after screening a training film is to increase the instructional value of the film by stimulating the minds of the

class to greater concentration, and to provide a means for

emphasizing the salient points of instruction brought out in

the film.

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LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

* 3. MATERIALS REQUIRED.-Mimeographed form similar to

sample on page 191.

One for each member of the class.

Pencils if available. One per each member of the class.

Blackboard and chalk.

* 4. PROCEDURE.---. After other suitable explanation preceding the screening of the film distribute one copy of the quiz

sheet and one pencil if available, to each member of the class.

Announce that immediately after the screening each member

of the class will be required to answer 15 questions, the answers to which can be given after a careful study of the film.

Better results will be obtained if the instructor impresses

on the class that if each individual gives the screening of

the film his entire attention most answers should be correct.

b. The method of indicating the answers on the quiz sheet

should be explained before and again after the screening

of the film. The answer to each question will be indicated

by punching a hole in either the "yes" or "no" column with

a match, pencil, or other object opposite the number of the

question asked. If sufficient pencils are available, each member of the class should be required to write his name on his

quiz sheet so it can be identified.

c. Before asking the questions, explain again how they

will be answered. Ask each question slowly and distinctly.

Repeating each question once will be helpful to the class and

improve the results.

·d. After all questions have been asked, the instructor should

read the first question and require a raising of hands by all

who answered "Yes," then all who answered "No." The class

can then be informed of the correct answer by announcing

it or writing it on the blackboard which has been ruled and

numbered similarly to the quiz sheet. This procedure is then

repeated until all answers have been announced. It is suggested that if the quiz sheets bear the names of the individuals

of the class, they be collected even though grading them is

not intended.

* 5. QUESTIONS SUGGESTED.-The following questions are based

on TF 11-157, "Military Courtesy and Customs of the Servive."

They represent only a few of innumerable questions which

can be based on any training film.

185
33 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR TRAINING

Q. Does a colonel wear gold colored leaves on his shoulders?

A. No.

Q. Is a first sergeant of a higher grade than staff sergeant?

A. No.

Q. Your regimental chaplain is a captain. You have

reason to talk with him. Do you address him as chaplains

A. Yes.

Q. You are in a formation. The formation is "at rest."

An officer speaks to you. Do you come to attention? A. Yes.

Q. You are standing in the hallway in the headquarters

building of your unit. Your headgear is on your head. You

are unarmed. An officer passes by. Do you salute him?

A. No.

Q. You are a sentry walking your post. An officer approaches and speaks to you. You have executed the proper

salute. An officer senior to the one with whom you are talking

passes and is saluted by your officer. Do you also salute the

passing officer? A. Yes.

Q. When passing an officer you should look him in the eye

when you salute him? A. Yes.

Q. When in civilian clothes with your hat on the hand

salute is executed when the National Anthem is played?

A. No.

Q. You are at mess. An officer speaks to you. You should

rise and stand at attention? A. No.

Q. You are in charge of a work detail. You are marching

at route step and pass your regimental headquarters. The

National and Regimental Colors are cased. Do you call your

detail to attention and salute them? A. No.

Q. After having your first sergeant's permission to speak

to your company commander, you approach his desk. Your

headgear is in your left hand. Do you salute him? A. Yes.

Q. When on your post, your company commander who is

in civilian clothes passes you. Do you salute him? A. Yes.

Q. You are a member of a group standing outside a recreation building. Do all salute an officer when he approaches?

A. Yes.

Q. You render the same courtesy when "To The Color" is

sounded at Retreat as you do to the National Anthem? A. Yes.

Q. You are wearing sidearms and headgear and are in your

tent. Do you uncover when an officer enters? A. No.

186
Name

TRAINING FILM QUIZ SHEET

Orgn.

Yes No

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

With pencil or match punch hole

for your answer.

187