Redline of Subpart F and Subpart LLL due to Proposed Amendments 

2014

PA1

RT 60 – [AMENDED]

1. The authority citation for part 60 continues to read as 

follows:

Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Subpart F--[AMENDED]

§60.60 Applicability and designation of affected facility.

(a) The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the 

following affected facilities in portland cement plants: Kiln, 

clinker cooler, raw mill system, finish mill system, raw mill 

dryer, raw material storage, clinker storage, finished product 

storage, conveyor transfer points, bagging and bulk loading and 

unloading systems. 

(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that 

commences construction or modification after August 17, 1971, is 

subject to the requirements of this subpart.

§60.61 Definitions.

As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall 

have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this 

part. 

(a) Portland cement plant means any facility manufacturing 

portland cement by either the wet or dry process. 

(b) Bypass means any system that prevents all or a portion of 

the kiln or clinker cooler exhaust gases from entering the main 

control device and ducts the gases through a separate control 

device. This does not include emergency systems designed to duct 

exhaust gases directly to the atmosphere in the event of a 

malfunction of any control device controlling kiln or clinker 

cooler emissions. 

(c) Bypass stack means the stack that vents exhaust gases to 

the atmosphere from the bypass control device. 

(d) Monovent means an exhaust configuration of a building or 

emission control device (e.g., positive-pressure fabric filter) 

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that extends the length of the structure and has a width very 

small in relation to its length (i.e., length to width ratio is 

typically greater than 5:1). The exhaust may be an open vent 

with or without a roof, louvered vents, or a combination of such 

features.

(e) Excess emissions means, with respect to this subpart, 

results of any required measurements outside the applicable 

range (e.g., emissions limitations, parametric operating limits) 

that is permitted by this subpart. The values of measurements 

will be in the same units and averaging time as the values 

specified in this subpart for the limitations.

(f) Operating day means a 24-hour period beginning at 12:00 

midnight during which the kiln produces clinker at any time. For 

calculating Rolling Average emissions, an operating day does not 

include the hours of operation during startup or shutdown.

(g)Rolling average means the weighted average of all data, 

meeting QA/QC requirements or otherwise normalized, collected 

during the applicable averaging period. The period of a rolling 

average stipulates the frequency of data averaging and 

reporting. To demonstrate compliance with an operating parameter 

a 30-day rolling average period requires calculation of a new 

average value each operating day and shall include the average 

of all the hourly averages of the specific operating parameter. 

For demonstration of compliance with an emissions limit based on 

pollutant concentration a 30-day rolling average is comprised of 

the average of all the hourly average concentrations over the 

previous 30 operating days. For demonstration of compliance with 

an emissions limit based on lbs-pollutant per production unit 

the 30-day rolling average is calculated by summing the hourly 

mass emissions over the previous 30 operating days, then 

dividing that sum by the total production during the same 

period. 

(h) Run average means the average of the recorded parameter 

values for a run.

§60.62 Standards.

(a) On and after the date on which the performance test 

required to be conducted by §60.8 is completed, you may not 

discharge into the atmosphere from any kiln any gases which:

(1) Contain particulate matter (PM) in excess of:

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Deleted: (g) Rolling average means the weighted 

average of all data, meeting QA/QC 

requirements or otherwise normalized, 

collected during the applicable averaging 

period. The period of a rolling average 

stipulates the frequency of data averaging and 

reporting. A thirty-day rolling average 

period requires calculation of a new average 

value each operating day and shall include

either the arithmetic average of all the 

hourly averages of the specific operating 

parameter; or the arithmetic average of all 

the hourly average concentrations over the 

previous thirty operating days; or the total

of the hourly mass emissions over the previous 

thirty operating days divided by the total 

production during these same periods. ¶

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(i) 0.30 pounds per ton of feed (dry basis) to the kiln for 

kilns constructed, reconstructed, or modified after August 17, 

1971 but on or before June 16, 2008.

(ii) 0.02 pound per ton of clinker if construction or 

reconstruction of the kiln commenced after June 16, 2008.

(iii) Kilns that have undergone a modification after June 16, 

2008 may not discharge into the atmosphere any gases which 

contain PM in excess of 0.07 pound per ton of clinker.

(2) Exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity for kilns 

constructed, reconstructed, or modified after August 17, 1971 

but on or before June 16, 2008, except that this opacity limit 

does not apply to any kiln subject to a PM limit in paragraph 

(a)(1) of this section that uses a PM continuous parametric 

monitoring system (CPMS).

(3) Exceed 1.50 pounds of nitrogen oxide (NOX) per ton of 

clinker on a 30-operating day rolling average if construction, 

reconstruction, or modification of the kiln commences after June 

16, 2008, except this limit does not apply to any alkali bypass 

installed on the kiln. An operating day includes all valid data 

obtained in any daily 24-hour period during which the kiln 

operates and excludes any measurements made during the daily 24-

hour period when the kiln was not operating.

(4) Exceed 0.4 pounds of sulfur dioxide (SO2) per ton of 

clinker on a 30-operating day rolling average if construction, 

reconstruction, or modification commences after June 16, 2008, 

unless you are demonstrating a 90 percent SO2 emissions reduction 

measured across the SO2 control device. An operating day includes 

all valid data obtained in any daily 24-hour period during which 

the kiln operates, and excludes any measurements made during the 

daily 24-hour period when the kiln was not operating.

(b) On and after the date on which the performance test 

required to be conducted by §60.8 is completed, you may not 

discharge into the atmosphere from any clinker cooler any gases 

which:

(1) Contain PM in excess of:

(i) 0.02 pound per ton of clinker if construction or 

reconstruction of the clinker cooler commences after June 16,

2008.

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(ii) 0.07 pound per ton of clinker if the clinker cooler has 

undergone a modification.

(iii) ) 0.10 lb per ton of feed (dry basis) for clinker 

coolers constructed, reconstructed, or modified after August 17, 

1971 but on or before June 16, 2008.

(iv) 10 percent opacity for clinker coolers constructed, 

reconstructed, or modified after August 17, 1971 but on or 

before June 16, 2008, except that this opacity limit does not 

apply to any clinker cooler subject to a PM limit in paragraph 

(b)(1) of this section that uses a PM continuous parametric 

monitoring system (CPMS).

(2) If the kiln and clinker cooler exhaust are combined for 

energy efficiency purposes and sent to a single control device, 

the appropriate kiln PM limit may be adjusted using the 

procedures in §63.1343(b) of this chapter.

(3) If the kiln has a separated alkali bypass stack and/or an 

inline coal mill with a separate stack, you must combine the PM 

emissions from the bypass stack and/or the inline coal mill 

stack with the PM emissions from the main kiln exhaust to 

determine total PM emissions.

(c) On and after the date on which the performance test 

required to be conducted by §60.8 is completed, you may not 

discharge into the atmosphere from any affected facility other 

than the kiln and clinker cooler any gases which exhibit 10 

percent opacity, or greater.

(d) If you have an affected source subject to this subpart 

with a different emissions limit or requirement for the same 

pollutant under another regulation in title 40 of this chapter, 

once you are in compliance with the most stringent emissions 

limit or requirement, you are not subject to the less stringent 

requirement. Until you are in compliance with the more stringent 

limit, the less stringent limit continues to apply.

(e) The compliance date for all revised monitoring and 

recordkeeping requirements contained in this rule will be the 

same as listed in 63.1351(c) unless you commenced construction 

as of June 16, 2008, at which time the compliance date is 

November 8, 2010 or upon startup, whichever is later.

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Deleted: If you have an affected source subject 

to this subpart with a different emissions 

limit or requirement for the same pollutant 

under another regulation in title 40 of this 

chapter, you must comply with the most 

stringent emissions limit or requirement and 

are not subject to the less stringent 

requirement.
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§60.63 Monitoring of operations.

(a) Reserved.

(b) Clinker production monitoring requirements. For any kiln 

subject to an emissions limitation on PM, NOX, or SO2 emissions 

(lb/ton of clinker), you must:

(1) Determine hourly clinker production by one of two 

methods:

(i) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a permanent 

weigh scale system to measure and record weight rates of the 

amount of clinker produced in tons of mass per hour. The system 

of measuring hourly clinker production must be maintained within 

±5 percent accuracy or

(ii) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a permanent 

weigh scale system to measure and record weight rates of the 

amount of feed to the kiln in tons of mass per hour. The system 

of measuring feed must be maintained within ±5 percent accuracy. 

Calculate your hourly clinker production rate using a kiln 

specific feed-to-clinker ratio based on reconciled clinker 

production rates determined for accounting purposes and recorded 

feed rates. This ratio should be updated monthly. Note that if 

this ratio changes at clinker reconciliation, you must use the 

new ratio going forward, but you do not have to retroactively 

change clinker production rates previously estimated.

(iii) For each kiln operating hour for which you do not have 

data on clinker production or the amount of feed to the kiln, 

use the value from the most recent previous hour for which valid 

data are available.

(2) Determine, record, and maintain a record of the accuracy 

of the system of measuring hourly clinker production rates or 

feed rates before initial use (for new sources) or by the 

effective compliance date of this rule (for existing sources). 

During each quarter of source operation, you must determine, 

record, and maintain a record of the ongoing accuracy of the 

system of measuring hourly clinker production rates or feed 

rates.

(3) If you measure clinker production directly, record the 

daily clinker production rates; if you measure the kiln feed 

rates and calculate clinker production, record the daily kiln 

feed and clinker production rates.
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(c) PM Emissions Monitoring Requirements. (1) For each kiln 

or clinker cooler subject to a PM emissions limit in 

§60.62(a)(1)(ii), 60.62(a)(1)(iii),or 60.62(b)(1)(i) and

60.62(b)(1)(ii), you must demonstrate compliance through an 

initial performance test. You will conduct your performance test 

using Method 5 or Method 5I at appendix A-3 to part 60 of this 

chapter. You must also monitor continuous performance through 

use of a PM CPMS.

(2) For your PM CPMS, you will establish a site-specific 

operating limit. If your PM performance test demonstrates your 

PM emission levels to be below 75 percent of your emission limit 

you will use the average PM CPMS value recorded during the PM 

compliance test, the milliamp equivalent of zero output from 

your PM CPMS, and the average PM result of your compliance test 

to establish your operating limit equivalent to 75 percent of 

the standard. If your PM compliance test demonstrates your PM 

emission levels to be at or above 75 percent of your emission 

limit you will use the average PM CPMS value recorded during the 

PM compliance test demonstrating compliance with the PM limit to 

establish your operating limit. You will use the PM CPMS to 

demonstrate continuous compliance with your operating limit. You 

must repeat the performance test annually and reassess and 

adjust the site-specific operating limit in accordance with the 

results of the performance test.

(i) Your PM CPMS must provide a 4-20 milliamp or digital 

signal output and the establishment of its relationship to 

manual reference method measurements must be determined in units 

of milliamps or the monitors digital equivalent.

(ii) Your PM CPMS operating range must be capable of reading 

PM concentrations from zero to a level equivalent to two times 

your allowable emission limit. If your PM CPMS is an autoranging instrument capable of multiple scales, the primary range 

of the instrument must be capable of reading PM concentration 

from zero to a level equivalent to two times your allowable 

emission limit.

(iii) During the initial performance test or any such 

subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with 

the PM limit, record and average all milliamp or digital output 

values from the PM CPMS for the periods corresponding to the 

compliance test runs (e.g., average all your PM CPMS output 

values for three corresponding 2-hour Method 5I test runs).

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(3) Determine your operating limit as specified in paragraphs 

(c)(4)(i) through (c)(5) of this section. If your PM performance 

test demonstrates your PM emission levels to be below 75 percent 

of your emission limit you will use the average PM CPMS value 

recorded during the PM compliance test, the milliamp or digital 

equivalent of zero output from your PM CPMS, and the average PM 

result of your compliance test to establish your operating 

limit. If your PM compliance test demonstrates your PM emission 

levels to be at or above 75 percent of your emission limit you 

will use the average PM CPMS value recorded during the PM 

compliance test to establish your operating limit. You must 

verify an existing or establish a new operating limit after each 

repeated performance test. You must repeat the performance test 

at least annually and reassess and adjust the site-specific 

operating limit in accordance with the results of the 

performance test.

(4) If the average of your three Method 5 or 5I compliance 

test runs are below 75 percent of your PM emission limit, you 

must calculate an operating limit by establishing a relationship 

of PM CPMS signal to PM concentration using the PM CPMS 

instrument zero, the average PM CPMS values corresponding to the 

three compliance test runs, and the average PM concentration 

from the Method 5 or 5I compliance test with the procedures in 

(c)(4)(i)(A) through (D) of this section.

(i) Determine your PM CPMS instrument zero output with one of 

the following procedures.

(A) Zero point data for in-situ instruments should be 

obtained by removing the instrument from the stack and 

monitoring ambient air on a test bench.

(B) Zero point data for extractive instruments should be 

obtained by removing the extractive probe from the stack and 

drawing in clean ambient air.

(C) The zero point can also can be obtained by performing 

manual reference method measurements when the flue gas is free 

of PM emissions or contains very low PM concentrations (e.g., 

when your process is not operating, but the fans are operating 

or your source is combusting only natural gas) and plotting 

these with the compliance data to find the zero intercept.

(D) If none of the steps in paragraphs (c)(4)(i)(A) through 

(C) of this section are possible, you must use a zero output 

value provided by the manufacturer.
Page 8 of 106

(ii) Determine your PM CPMS instrument average in milliamps

or digital signal, and the average of your corresponding three 

PM compliance test runs, using equation 1.

Where:

X1 = The PM CPMS data points for the three runs constituting the 

performance test,

Y1 = The PM concentration value for the three runs constituting 

the performance test, and

n = The number of data points.

(iii) With your PM CPMS instrument zero expressed in 

milliamps or a digital signal value, your three run average PM 

CPMS milliamp or digital signal value, and your three run 

average PM concentration from your three PM performance test 

runs, determine a relationship of lb/ton-clinker per milliamp 

with equation 2.

Where:

R = The relative lb/ton clinker per milliamp for your PM CPMS.

Y1 = The three run average PM lb/ton clinker.

X1 = The three run average milliamp or digital signal output from 

you PM CPMS.

z = the milliamp or digital equivalent of your instrument zero 

determined from (c)(4)(i) of this section.

(iv) Determine your source specific 30-day rolling average 

operating limit using the lb/ton-clinker per milliamp or digital 

signal value from Equation 2 above in Equation 3, below. This 

sets your operating limit at the PM CPMS output value 

corresponding to 75 percent of your emission limit.

Where:

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Ol = The operating limit for your PM CPMS on a 30-day rolling 

average, in milliamps or the digital equivalent.

L = Your source emission limit expressed in lb/ton clinker.

z = Your instrument zero in milliamps or a digital equivalent, 

determined from (1)(i).

R = The relative lb/ton-clinker per milliamp or digital 

equivalent, for your PM CPMS, from Equation 2.

(5) If the average of your three PM compliance test runs is 

at or above 75 percent of your PM emission limit you must 

determine your operating limit by averaging the PM CPMS milliamp 

output or digital equivalent output corresponding to your three 

PM performance test runs that demonstrate compliance with the 

emission limit using Equation 4.

Where:

X1 = The PM CPMS data points for all runs i.

n = The number of data points.

Oh = Your site specific operating limit, in milliamps or digital 

equivalent.

(6) To determine continuous compliance, you must record the 

PM CPMS output data for all periods when the process is 

operating, and use all the PM CPMS data for calculations when 

the source is not out-of-control. You must demonstrate 

continuous compliance by using all quality-assured hourly 

average data collected by the PM CPMS for all operating hours to 

calculate the arithmetic average operating parameter in units of 

the operating limit (milliamps or the digital equivalent) on a 

30 operating day rolling average basis, updated at the end of 

each new kiln operating day. Use Equation 5 to determine the 30 

kiln operating day average.

Where:

Hpvi = The hourly parameter value for hour i.

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n = The number of valid hourly parameter values collected over 

30 kiln operating days.

(7) Use EPA Method 5 or Method 5I of appendix A to part 60 of 

this chapter to determine PM emissions. For each performance 

test, conduct at least three separate runs each while the mill 

is on and the mill is off under the conditions that exist when 

the affected source is operating at the highest load or capacity 

level reasonably expected to occur. Conduct each test run to 

collect a minimum sample volume of 2 dscm for determining 

compliance with a new source limit and 1 dscm for determining 

compliance with an existing source limit. Calculate the time 

weighted average of the results from three consecutive runs to 

determine compliance. You need not determine the particulate 

matter collected in the impingers (“back half”) of the Method 5 

or Method 5I particulate sampling train to demonstrate 

compliance with the PM standards of this subpart. This shall not 

preclude the permitting authority from requiring a determination 

of the ”back half” for other purposes.

(8) For PM performance test reports used to set a PM CPMS 

operating limit, the electronic submission of the test report 

must also include the make and model of the PM CPMS instrument, 

serial number of the instrument, analytical principle of the 

instrument (e.g. beta attenuation), span of the instruments 

primary analytical range, milliamp or digital signal value 

equivalent to the instrument zero output, technique by which 

this zero value was determined, and the average milliamp or 

digital equivalent signals corresponding to each PM compliance 

test run.

(d) You must install, operate, calibrate, and maintain a CEMS 

continuously monitoring and recording the concentration by 

volume of NOX emissions into the atmosphere for any kiln subject 

to the NOX emissions limit in §60.62(a)(3). If the kiln has an 

alkali bypass, NOX emissions from the alkali bypass do not need 

to be monitored, and NOX emission monitoring of the kiln exhaust 

may be done upstream of any commingled alkali bypass gases.

(e) You must install, operate, calibrate, and maintain a CEMS 

for continuously monitoring and recording the concentration by 

volume of SO2 emissions into the atmosphere for any kiln subject 

to the SO2 emissions limit in §60.62(a)(4). If you are complying 

with the alternative 90 percent SO2 emissions reduction emissions 

limit, you must also continuously monitor and record the 

concentration by volume of SO2 present at the wet scrubber inlet.
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(f) The NOX and SO2 CEMS required under paragraphs (d) and (e) 

of this section must be installed, operated and maintained 

according to Performance Specification 2 of appendix B of this 

part and the requirements in paragraphs (f)(1) through (5) of 

this section.

(1) The span value of each NOX CEMS monitor must be set at 

125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential NOX

emission concentration that translates to the applicable 

emissions limit at full clinker production capacity.

(2) You must conduct performance evaluations of each NOX CEMS 

monitor according to the requirements in §60.13(c) and 

Performance Specification 2 of appendix B to this part. You must 

use Methods 7, 7A, 7C, 7D, or 7E of appendix A-4 to this part 

for conducting the relative accuracy evaluations. The method

ASME PTC 19.10-1981, “Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses,” 

(incorporated by reference—see §60.17) is an acceptable 

alternative to Method 7 or 7C of appendix A-4 to this part.

(3) The span value for the SO2 CEMS monitor is the SO2

emission concentration that corresponds to 125 percent of the 

applicable emissions limit at full clinker production capacity 

and the expected maximum fuel sulfur content.

(4) You must conduct performance evaluations of each SO2 CEMS 

monitor according to the requirements in §60.13(c) and 

Performance Specification 2 of appendix B to this part. You must 

use Methods 6, 6A, or 6C of appendix A-4 to this part for 

conducting the relative accuracy evaluations. The method ASME 

PTC 19.10-1981, “Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses,” (incorporated 

by reference—see §60.17) is an acceptable alternative to Method 

6 or 6A of appendix A-4 to this part.

(5) You must comply with the quality assurance requirements 

in Procedure 1 of appendix F to this part for each NOX and SO2

CEMS, including quarterly accuracy determinations for monitors, 

and daily calibration drift tests.

(g) For each CPMS or CEMS required under paragraphs (c) 

through (e) of this section:

(1) You must operate the monitoring system and collect data 

at all required intervals at all times the affected source is 

operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, 

repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and 

required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control 
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activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and 

required zero and span adjustments).

(2) You may not use data recorded during the monitoring 

system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system 

malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or 

control activities in calculations used to report emissions or 

operating levels. A monitoring system malfunction is any sudden, 

infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the monitoring 

system to provide valid data. Monitoring system failures that 

are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are 

not malfunctions. An owner or operator must use all the data 

collected during all other periods in reporting emissions or 

operating levels.

(3) You must meet the requirements of §60.13(h) when 

determining the 1-hour averages of emissions data.

(h) You must install, operate, calibrate, and maintain 

instruments for continuously measuring and recording the stack 

gas flow rate to allow determination of the pollutant mass 

emissions rate to the atmosphere for each kiln subject to the PM 

emissions limits in §60.62(a)(1)(ii) and (iii) and (b)(1)(i) and 

(ii), the NOX emissions limit in §60.62(a)(3), or the SO2

emissions limit in §60.62(a)(4) according to the requirements in 

paragraphs (h)(1) through (10), where appropriate, of this

section.

(1) The owner or operator must install each sensor of the 

flow rate monitoring system in a location that provides 

representative measurement of the exhaust gas flow rate at the 

sampling location of the NOX and/or SO2 CEMS, taking into account 

the manufacturer's recommendations. The flow rate sensor is that 

portion of the system that senses the volumetric flow rate and 

generates an output proportional to that flow rate.

(2) The flow rate monitoring system must be designed to 

measure the exhaust gas flow rate over a range that extends from 

a value of at least 20 percent less than the lowest expected 

exhaust flow rate to a value of at least 20 percent greater than 

the highest expected exhaust gas flow rate.

(3) The flow rate monitoring system must have a minimum 

accuracy of 5 percent of the flow rate.

(4) The flow rate monitoring system must be equipped with a 

data acquisition and recording system that is capable of 
Page 13 of 106

recording values over the entire range specified in paragraph 

(h)(2) of this section.

(5) The signal conditioner, wiring, power supply, and data 

acquisition and recording system for the flow rate monitoring 

system must be compatible with the output signal of the flow 

rate sensors used in the monitoring system.

(6) The flow rate monitoring system must be designed to 

measure a minimum of one cycle of operational flow for each 

successive 15-minute period.

(7) The flow rate sensor must be able to determine the daily 

zero and upscale calibration drift (CD) (see sections 3.1 and 

8.3 of Performance Specification 2 in appendix B to this part 

for a discussion of CD).

(i) Conduct the CD tests at two reference signal levels, zero 

(e.g., 0 to 20 percent of span) and upscale (e.g., 50 to 70 

percent of span).

(ii) The absolute value of the difference between the flow 

monitor response and the reference signal must be equal to or 

less than 3 percent of the flow monitor span.

(8) You must perform an initial relative accuracy test of the 

flow rate monitoring system according to section 8.2 of 

Performance Specification 6 of appendix B to this part, with the 

exceptions noted in paragraphs (h)(8)(i) and (ii) of this 

section.

(i) The relative accuracy test is to evaluate the flow rate 

monitoring system alone rather than a continuous emission rate 

monitoring system.

(ii) The relative accuracy of the flow rate monitoring system 

shall be no greater than 10 percent of the mean value of the 

reference method data.

(9) You must verify the accuracy of the flow rate monitoring 

system at least once per year by repeating the relative accuracy 

test specified in paragraph (h)(8) of this section.

(10) You must operate the flow rate monitoring system and 

record data during all periods of operation of the affected 

facility including periods of startup, shutdown, and 

malfunction, except for periods of monitoring system 
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malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system 

malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance 

or quality control activities (including, as applicable, 

calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments.

(i) Development and Submittal (Upon Request) of Monitoring 

Plans. To demonstrate compliance with any applicable emissions 

limit through performance stack testing or other emissions 

monitoring (including PM CPMS), you must develop a site-specific 

monitoring plan according to the requirements in paragraphs 

(i)(1) through (4) of this section. This requirement also 

applies to you if you petition the EPA Administrator for 

alternative monitoring parameters under §60.13(3)(i). If you use 

a bag leak detector system (BLDS), you must also meet the 

requirements specified in paragraph §63.1350(m)(10) of this 

chapter.

(1) For each continuous monitoring system (CMS) required in 

this section, you must develop, and submit to the permitting 

authority for approval upon request, a site-specific monitoring 

plan that addresses paragraphs (i)(1)(i) through (iii) of this 

section. You must submit this site-specific monitoring plan, if 

requested, at least 30 days before the initial performance 

evaluation of your CMS.

(i) Installation of the CMS sampling probe or other interface 

at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit 

such that the measurement is representative of control of the 

exhaust emissions (e.g., on or downstream of the last control 

device);

(ii) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample 

interface, the pollutant concentration or parametric signal 

analyzer, and the data collection and reduction systems; and

(iii) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance 

criteria (e.g., calibrations).

(2) In your site-specific monitoring plan, you must also 

address paragraphs (i)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section.

(i) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in 

accordance with the general requirements of §63.8(c)(1), (c)(3), 

and (c)(4)(ii);

(ii) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance 

with the general requirements of §63.8(d); and
Page 15 of 106

(iii) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in 

accordance with the general requirements of §63.10(c), (e)(1), 

and (e)(2)(i).

(3) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each CMS in 

accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan.

(4) You must operate and maintain the CMS in continuous 

operation according to the site-specific monitoring plan.

[75 FR 55035, Sept. 9, 2010, as amended at 78 FR 10032, Feb. 12, 

2013]

§60.64 Test methods and procedures.

(a) In conducting the performance tests and relative accuracy 

tests required in §60.8, you must use reference methods and 

procedures and the test methods in appendix A of this part or 

other methods and procedures as specified in this section, 

except as provided in §60.8(b).

(b)(1)You must demonstrate compliance with the PM standards 

in §60.62 using EPA method 5 or method 5I.

(2) Use Method 9 and the procedures in §60.11 to determine 

opacity.

(3) Any sources other than kilns (including associated alkali 

bypass and clinker cooler) that are subject to the 10 percent 

opacity limit must follow the appropriate monitoring procedures 

in §63.1350(f), (m)(1)through (4), (10) and (11), (o), and (p)

of this chapter.

(c) Calculate and record the rolling 30 kiln operating day 

average emission rate daily of NOX and SO2 according to the 

procedures in paragraphs (c)(1) of this section.

(1) Calculate the rolling 30 kiln operating day average 

emissions according to equation 6:

Where:

E30D = 30 kiln operating day average emission rate of NOX or SO2, 

lb/ton of clinker.

Deleted: ) and (2) 

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Page 16 of 106

Ci = Concentration of NOX or SO2 for hour i, ppm.

Qi = Volumetric flow rate of effluent gas for hour i, where

Ci and Qi are on the same basis (either wet or dry), scf/hr.

P = 30 days of clinker production during the same time period as 

the NOX or SO2 emissions measured, tons.

k = Conversion factor, 1.194 × 10−7 for NOX and 1.660 × 10−7 for 

SO2, lb/scf/ppm.

n = Number of kiln operating hours over 30 kiln operating days.

(2) Reserved

(d)(1) Within 60 days after the date of completing each 

performance test (see §60.8) as required by this subpart you 

must submit the results of the performance tests conducted to 

demonstrate compliance under this subpart to the EPA's WebFIRE 

database by using the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting 

Interface (CEDRI) that is accessed through the EPA's Central 

Data Exchange (CDX) (http://www.epa.gov/cdx). Performance test 

data must be submitted in the file format generated through use 

of the EPA's Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) (see 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/index.html). Only data 

collected using test methods on the ERT Web site are subject to 

this requirement for submitting reports electronically to 

WebFIRE. Owners or operators who claim that some of the 

information being submitted for performance tests is 

confidential business information (CBI) must submit a complete 

ERT file including information claimed to be CBI on a compact 

disk, flash drive or other commonly used electronic storage 

media to the EPA. The electronic media must be clearly marked as 

CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/OAPQS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: 

WebFIRE Administrator, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 

27703. The same ERT file with the CBI omitted must be submitted 

to the EPA via CDX as described earlier in this paragraph. At 

the discretion of the delegated authority, you must also submit 

these reports, including the CBI, to the delegated authority in 

the format specified by the delegated authority. For any 

performance test conducted using test methods that are not 

listed on the ERT Web site, you must submit the results of the 

performance test to the Administrator at the appropriate address 

listed in §63.13.

(2) Within 60 days after the date of completing each CEMS 

performance evaluation test as defined in §63.2, you must submit 

Deleted: For each kiln operating hour for which 

you do not have at least one valid 15-minute 

CEMS data value, use the average emissions 

rate (lb/hr) from the most recent previous 

hour for which valid data are available.
Page 17 of 106

relative accuracy test audit (RATA) data to the EPA's CDX by 

using CEDRI in accordance with paragraph (d)(1) of this section. 

Only RATA pollutants that can be documented with the ERT (as 

listed on the ERT Web site) are subject to this requirement. For 

any performance evaluations with no corresponding RATA 

pollutants listed on the ERT Web site, you must submit the 

results of the performance evaluation to the Administrator at 

the appropriate address listed in §63.13.

(3) For PM performance test reports used to set a PM CPMS 

operating limit, the electronic submission of the test report 

must also include the make and model of the PM CPMS instrument, 

serial number of the instrument, analytical principle of the 

instrument (e.g. beta attenuation), span of the instruments 

primary analytical range, milliamp value equivalent to the 

instrument zero output, technique by which this zero value was 

determined, and the average milliamp signals corresponding to 

each PM compliance test run.

(4) All reports required by this subpart not subject to the 

requirements in paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this section must 

be sent to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed 

in §63.13. The Administrator or the delegated authority may 

request a report in any form suitable for the specific case 

(e.g., by commonly used electronic media such as Excel 

spreadsheet, on CD or hard copy). The Administrator retains the 

right to require submittal of reports subject to paragraph 

(d)(1) and (2) of this section in paper format.

§60.65 Recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

(a) Each owner or operator required to install a CPMS or CEMS 

under sections §60.63(c) through (e) shall submit reports of 

excess emissions. The content of these reports must comply with 

the requirements in §60.7(c). Notwithstanding the provisions of 

§60.7(c), such reports shall be submitted semiannually.

(b) Each owner or operator of facilities subject to the 

provisions of §60.63(c) through (e) shall submit semiannual 

reports of the malfunction information required to be recorded 

by §60.7(b). These reports shall include the frequency, 

duration, and cause of any incident resulting in deenergization 

of any device controlling kiln emissions or in the venting of 

emissions directly to the atmosphere.
Page 18 of 106

(c) The requirements of this section remain in force until 

and unless the Agency, in delegating enforcement authority to a 

State under section 111(c) of the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. 7411, 

approves reporting requirements or an alternative means of 

compliance surveillance adopted by such States. In that event, 

affected sources within the State will be relieved of the 

obligation to comply with this section, provided that they 

comply with the requirements established by the State.

§60.66 Delegation of authority.

(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the U.S. 

EPA or a delegated authority such as a State, local, or Tribal 

agency. You should contact your U.S. EPA Regional Office to find 

out if this subpart is delegated to a State, local, or Tribal 

agency within your State.

(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority to 

a State, local, or Tribal agency, the approval authorities 

contained paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section are 

retained by the Administrator of the U.S EPA and are not 

transferred to the State, local, or Tribal agency.

(1) Approval of an alternative to any non-opacity emissions 

standard.

(2) Approval of a major change to test methods under 

§60.8(b). A “major change to test method” is defined in 40 CFR 

63.90.

(3) Approval of a major change to monitoring under §60.13(i). 

A “major change to monitoring” is defined in 40 CFR 63.90.

(4) Approval of a major change to recordkeeping/reporting 

under §60.7(b) through (f). A “major change to 

recordkeeping/reporting” is defined in 40 CFR 63.90.

PART 63--[AMENDED]

9. The authority citation for part 63 continues to read as 

follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.

Subpart LLL—[Amended]

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Page 19 of 106

§ 63.1340 What parts of my plant does this subpart cover?

(a) The provisions of this subpart apply to each new and 

existing portland cement plant which is a major source or an 

area source as defined in § 63.2.

(b) The affected sources subject to this subpart are:

(1) Each kiln including alkali bypasses and inline coal 

mills, except for kilns that burn hazardous waste and are 

subject to and regulated under subpart EEE of this part;

(2) Each clinker cooler at any portland cement plant;

(3) Each raw mill at any portland cement plant;

(4) Each finish mill at any portland cement plant;

(5) Each raw material dryer at any portland cement plant;

(6) Each raw material, clinker, or finished product storage 

bin at any portland cement plant that is a major source;

(7) Each conveying system transfer point including those 

associated with coal preparation used to convey coal from the 

mill to the kiln at any portland cement plant that is a major 

source;

(8) Each bagging and bulk loading and unloading system at any 

portland cement plant that is a major source; and

(9) Each open clinker storage pile at any portland cement 

plant.

(c) Onsite sources that are subject to standards for 

nonmetallic mineral processing plants in subpart OOO, part 60 of 

this chapter are not subject to this subpart. Crushers are not 

covered by this subpart regardless of their location.

(d) If you are subject to any of the provisions of this 

subpart you are also subject to title V permitting requirements.

[75 FR 55051, Sept. 9, 2010, as amended at 78 FR 10036, Feb. 12, 

2013]

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Page 20 of 106

§ 63.1341 Definitions.

All terms used in this subpart that are not defined in this 

section have the meaning given to them in the CAA and in subpart 

A of this part.

Affirmative defense means, in the context of an enforcement 

proceeding, a response or defense put forward by a defendant, 

regarding which the defendant has the burden of proof, and the 

merits of which are independently and objectively evaluated in a 

judicial or administrative proceeding.

Alkali bypass means a duct between the feed end of the kiln 

and the preheater tower through which a portion of the kiln exit 

gas stream is withdrawn and quickly cooled by air or water to 

avoid excessive buildup of alkali, chloride and/or sulfur on the 

raw feed. This may also be referred to as the “kiln exhaust gas 

bypass”.

Bagging system means the equipment which fills bags with 

portland cement.

Bin means a manmade enclosure for storage of raw materials, 

clinker, or finished product prior to further processing at a 

portland cement plant.

Clinker means the product of the process in which limestone 

and other materials are heated in the kiln and is then ground 

with gypsum and other materials to form cement.

Clinker cooler means equipment into which clinker product 

leaving the kiln is placed to be cooled by air supplied by a 

forced draft or natural draft supply system.

Continuous monitor means a device which continuously samples 

the regulated parameter specified in § 63.1350 of this subpart 

without interruption, evaluates the detector response at least 

once every 15 seconds, and computes and records the average 

value at least every 60 seconds, except during allowable periods 

of calibration and except as defined otherwise by the continuous 

emission monitoring system performance specifications in 

appendix B to part 60 of this chapter.

Conveying system means a device for transporting materials 

from one piece of equipment or location to another location 

within a facility. Conveying systems include but are not limited 
Page 21 of 106

to the following: feeders, belt conveyors, bucket elevators and 

pneumatic systems.

Conveying system transfer point means a point where any 

material including but not limited to feed material, fuel, 

clinker or product, is transferred to or from a conveying 

system, or between separate parts of a conveying system.

Crusher means a machine designed to reduce large rocks from 

the quarry into materials approximately the size of gravel.

Dioxins and furans (D/F) means tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, 

and octa-chlorinated dibenzo dioxins and furans.

Facility means all contiguous or adjoining property that is 

under common ownership or control, including properties that are 

separated only by a road or other public right-of-way.

Feed means the prepared and mixed materials, which include 

but are not limited to materials such as limestone, clay, shale, 

sand, iron ore, mill scale, cement kiln dust and flyash, that 

are fed to the kiln. Feed does not include the fuels used in the 

kiln to produce heat to form the clinker product.

Finish mill means a roll crusher, ball and tube mill or other 

size reduction equipment used to grind clinker to a fine powder. 

Gypsum and other materials may be added to and blended with 

clinker in a finish mill. The finish mill also includes the air 

separator associated with the finish mill.

Greenfield kiln, in-line kiln/raw mill, or raw material dryer

means a kiln, in-line kiln/raw mill, or raw material dryer for 

which construction is commenced at a plant site (where no kilns 

and no in-line kiln/raw mills were in operation at any time 

prior to March 24, 1998) after March 24, 1998.

Hazardous waste is defined in § 261.3 of this chapter.

In-line coal mill means those coal mills using kiln exhaust 

gases in their process. Coal mills with a heat source other than 

the kiln or coal mills using exhaust gases from the clinker 

cooler are not an in-line coal mill.

In-line kiln/raw mill means a system in a portland cement 

production process where a dry kiln system is integrated with 

the raw mill so that all or a portion of the kiln exhaust gases 
Page 22 of 106

are used to perform the drying operation of the raw mill, with 

no auxiliary heat source used. In this system the kiln is 

capable of operating without the raw mill operating, but the raw 

mill cannot operate without the kiln gases, and consequently, 

the raw mill does not generate a separate exhaust gas stream.

Kiln means a device, including any associated preheater or 

precalciner devices, inline raw mills, inline coal mills or 

alkali bypasses that produces clinker by heating limestone and 

other materials for subsequent production of portland cement. 

Because the inline raw mill and inline coal mill are considered 

an integral part of the kiln, for purposes of determining the 

appropriate emissions limit, the term kiln also applies to the 

exhaust of the inline raw mill and the inline coal mill.

Kiln exhaust gas bypass means alkali bypass.

Monovent means an exhaust configuration of a building or 

emission control device (e. g. positive pressure fabric filter) 

that extends the length of the structure and has a width very 

small in relation to its length (i. e., length to width ratio is 

typically greater than 5:1). The exhaust may be an open vent 

with or without a roof, louvered vents, or a combination of such 

features.

New brownfield kiln, in-line kiln raw mill, or raw material 

dryer means a kiln, in-line kiln/raw mill or raw material dryer 

for which construction is commenced at a plant site (where kilns 

and/or in-line kiln/raw mills were in operation prior to March 

24, 1998) after March 24, 1998.

New source means any source that commenced construction or 

reconstruction after May 6, 2009, for purposes of determining 

the applicability of the kiln, clinker cooler and raw material 

dryer emissions limits for mercury, PM, THC, and HCl.

One-minute average means the average of thermocouple or other 

sensor responses calculated at least every 60 seconds from 

responses obtained at least once during each consecutive 15 

second period.

Open clinker storage pile means a clinker storage pile on the 

ground for more than three days that is not completely enclosed 

in a building or structure.
Page 23 of 106

Operating day means any 24-hour period beginning at 12:00 

midnight during which the kiln produces clinker at any time. For 

calculating Rolling Average emissions, an operating day does not 

include the hours of operation during startup or shutdown.

Portland cement plant means any facility manufacturing 

portland cement.

Raw material dryer means an impact dryer, drum dryer, paddleequipped rapid dryer, air separator, or other equipment used to 

reduce the moisture content of feed or other materials.

Raw mill means a ball and tube mill, vertical roller mill or 

other size reduction equipment, that is not part of an in-line 

kiln/raw mill, used to grind feed to the appropriate size. 

Moisture may be added or removed from the feed during the 

grinding operation. If the raw mill is used to remove moisture 

from feed materials, it is also, by definition, a raw material 

dryer. The raw mill also includes the air separator associated 

with the raw mill.

Rolling average means the weighted average of all data, 

meeting QA/QC requirements or otherwise normalized, collected 

during the applicable averaging period. The period of a rolling 

average stipulates the frequency of data averaging and 

reporting. To demonstrate compliance with an operating parameter 

a 30-day rolling average period requires calculation of a new 

average value each operating day and shall include the average 

of all the hourly averages of the specific operating parameter. 

For demonstration of compliance with an emissions limit based on 

pollutant concentration a 30-day rolling average is comprised of 

the average of all the hourly average concentrations over the 

previous 30 operating days. For demonstration of compliance with 

an emissions limit based on lbs-pollutant per production unit 

the 30-day rolling average is calculated by summing the hourly 

mass emissions over the previous 30 operating days, then 

dividing that sum by the total production during the same 

period. 

Run average means the average of the one-minute recorded 

parameter values for a run.

Shutdown means the cessation of kiln operation. Shutdown 

begins when feed to the kiln is halted and ends when continuous 

kiln rotation ceases.

Deleted: 

Deleted: Rolling average means the weighted 

average of all averages data meeting QA/QC 

requirements or otherwise normalized, 

collected duringover the applicable averaging 

period. relevant to that section whereas

applicable. The period of a rolling average 

stipulates the frequency of data averaging and 

reporting; for example a thirty-day rolling 

average period requires calculation of a new 

average value each day that includes the 

average emissions over the previous thirty 

days divided by the total production during 

these same periods.. A twelve month rolling 

average stipulates a new average value 

calculated each month that includes the 

average emissions over the previous twelve 

months divided by the total production during 

the same periods.¶

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Page 24 of 106

Sorbent means activated carbon, lime, or any other type of 

material injected into kiln exhaust for the purposes of 

capturing and removing any hazardous air pollutant.

Startup means the time from when a shutdown kiln first begins 

firing fuel until it begins producing clinker. Startup begins 

when a shutdown kiln turns on the induced draft fan and begins 

firing fuel in the main burner. Startup ends when feed is being 

continuously introduced into the kiln for at least 120 minutes 

or when the feed rate exceeds 60 percent of the kiln design 

limitation rate, whichever occurs first.

TEQ means the international method of expressing toxicity 

equivalents for dioxins and furans as defined in U.S. EPA, 

Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks Associated with 

Exposures to Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and -

dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs) and 1989 Update, March 1989.

Total organic HAP means, for the purposes of this subpart, 

the sum of the concentrations of compounds of formaldehyde, 

benzene, toluene, styrene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, 

acetaldehyde, and naphthalene as measured by EPA Test Method 320 

or Method 18 of appendix A to this part or ASTM D6348-03 1 or a 

combination of these methods, as appropriate. If measurement 

results for any pollutant are reported as below the method 

detection level (e.g., laboratory analytical results for one or 

more sample components are below the method defined analytical 

detection level), you must use the method detection level as the 

measured emissions level for that pollutant in calculating the 

total organic HAP value. The measured result for a multiple 

component analysis (e.g., analytical values for multiple Method 

18 fractions) may include a combination of method detection 

level data and analytical data reported above the method 

detection level. The owner or operator of an affected source may 

request the use of other test methods to make this determination 

under paragraphs 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f) of this part.

1 When using ASTM D6348-03, the following conditions must be 

met:

(1) The test plan preparation and implementation in the 

Annexes to ASTM D6348-03, Sections A1 through A8 are mandatory; 

(2) For ASTM D6348-03 Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the 

percent R must be determined for each target analyte (see 

Equation A5.5); (3) For the ASTM D6348-03 test data to be 

acceptable for a target analyte percent R must be 70 percent ≥ R 
Page 25 of 106

≤ 130 percent; and (4) The percent R value for each compound 

must be reported in the test report and all field measurements 

corrected with the calculated percent R value for that compound 

using the following equation: Reported Result = The measured 

concentration in the stack divided by the calculated percent R 

value and then the whole term multiplied by 100.

Totally enclosed conveying system transfer point means a 

conveying system transfer point that is enclosed on all sides, 

top, and bottom.

[64 FR 31925, June 14, 1999, as amended at 67 FR 16619, Apr. 5, 

2002; 75 FR 55051, Sept. 9, 2010; 78 FR 10037, Feb. 12, 2013]

Emission Standards and Operating Limits

§ 63.1342 Standards: General.

Table 1 to this subpart provides cross references to the 40 

CFR part 63, subpart A, general provisions, indicating the 

applicability of the general provisions requirements to subpart 

LLL.

§ 63.1343 What standards apply to my kilns, clinker coolers, 

raw material dryers, and open clinker storage piles?

(a) General. The provisions in this section apply to each 

kiln and any alkali bypass associated with that kiln, 

clinker cooler, raw material dryer, and open clinker 

storage pile. All D/F, HCl, and total hydrocarbon (THC) 

emissions limit are on a dry basis. The D/F, HCl, and THC 

limits for kilns are corrected to 7 percent oxygen. All 

THC emissions limits are measured as propane. Standards 

for mercury and THC are based on a rolling 30-day average. 

If using a CEMS to determine compliance with the HCl 

standard, this standard is based on a rolling 30-day 

average. You must ensure appropriate corrections for 

moisture are made when measuring flow rates used to 

calculate mercury emissions. The 30-day period means all 

operating hours within 30 consecutive kiln operating days 

excluding periods of startup and shutdown. All emissions 

limits for kilns, clinker coolers, and raw material dryers 

Formatted: Left
Page 26 of 106

currently in effect that are superseded by the limits 

below continue to apply until the compliance date of the 

limits below, or until the source certifies compliance 

with the limits below, whichever is earlier.

(b) Kilns, clinker coolers, raw material dryers, raw mills, 

and finish mills. (1) The emissions limits for these sources are 

shown in Table 1 below. PM limits for existing kilns also apply 

to kilns that have undergone a modification as defined in 

subpart A of part 60 of title 40.

TABLE 1—EMISSIONS LIMITS FOR KILNS, CLINKER COOLERS, RAW MATERIAL DRYERS,

RAW AND FINISH MILLS

 

If your 

source 

is a 

(an):

And the 

operating 

mode is:

And if 

is

located 

at a:

Your emissions 

limits are:

And the 

units of 

the

emissions 

limit 

are:

The oxygen

correction

factor is:

1. Existing 

kiln

Normal 

operation

Major 

or area 

source

PM 10.07

D/F 20.2

Mercury 55

THC 3 424

lb/ton 

clinker

ng/dscm 

(TEQ)

lb/MM 

tons 

clinker

ppmvd

NA.

7 percent.

NA.

7 percent.

2. Existing 

kiln

Normal 

operation

Major 

source

HCl 3 ppmvd 7 percent.

3. Existing 

kiln

Startup 

and 

shutdown

Major 

or area 

source

Work practices

(63.1346(g))

NA NA.

4. New kiln Normal 

operation

Major 

or area 

source

PM1 0.02

D/F 20.2

Mercury 21

THC 3 424

lb/ton 

clinker

ng/dscm 

(TEQ)

lb/MM 

tons 

clinker

ppmvd

NA.

7 percent.

NA

7 percent.

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5. New kiln Normal 

operation

Major 

source

HCl 3 ppmvd 7 percent.

6. New kiln Startup 

and 

shutdown

Major 

or area 

source

Work practices

(63.1346(f))

NA NA.

7. Existing 

clinker 

cooler

Normal 

operation

Major 

or area 

source

PM 0.07 lb/ton 

clinker

NA.

8. Existing 

clinker 

cooler

Startup 

and 

shutdown

Major 

or area 

source

Work practices

(63.1348(b)(9))

NA NA.

9. New 

clinker 

cooler

Normal 

operation

Major 

or area 

source

PM 0.02 lb/ton 

clinker

NA.

10.New 

clinker 

cooler

Startup 

and 

shutdown

Major 

or area 

source

Work practices

(63.1348(b)(9))

NA NA.

11.Existing 

or new 

raw 

material 

dryer

Normal 

operation

Major 

or area 

source

THC 3 424 ppmvd NA.

12.Existing 

or new 

raw 

material 

dryer

Startup 

and 

shutdown

Major 

or area 

source

Work practices

(63.1348(b)(9))

NA NA.

13.Existing 

or new 

raw or 

finish 

mill

All 

operating 

modes

Major 

source

Opacity 10 percent NA.

1 The initial and subsequent PM performance tests are 

performed using Method 5 or 5I and consist of three test runs.

2 If the average temperature at the inlet to the first PM 

control device (fabric filter or electrostatic precipitator) 

during the D/F performance test is 400 °F or less this limit is 

changed to 0.40 ng/dscm (TEQ).

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Page 28 of 106

3 Measured as propane.

4 Any source subject to the 24 ppmvd THC limit may elect to 

meet an alternative limit of 12 ppmvd for total organic HAP.

(2) When there is an alkali bypass and/or an inline coal mill 

with a separate stack associated with a kiln, the combined PM 

emissions from the kiln and the alkali bypass stack and/or the 

inline coal mill stack are subject to the PM emissions limit. 

Existing kilns that combine the clinker cooler exhaust and/or 

alkali bypass and/or coal mill exhaust with the kiln exhaust and 

send the combined exhaust to the PM control device as a single 

stream may meet an alternative PM emissions limit. This limit is 

calculated using Equation 1 of this section:

Where:

PMalt = Alternative PM emission limit for commingled sources.

0.006 = The PM exhaust concentration (gr/dscf) equivalent to 

0.070 lb per ton clinker where clinker cooler and kiln 

exhaust gas are not combined.

1.65 = The conversion factor of ton feed per ton clinker.

Qk = The exhaust flow of the kiln (dscf/ton feed).

Qc = The exhaust flow of the clinker cooler (dscf/ton feed).

Qab = The exhaust flow of the alkali bypass (dscf/ton feed).

Qcm = The exhaust flow of the coal mill (dscf/ton feed).

7000 = The conversion factor for grains (gr) per lb.

For new kilns that combine kiln exhaust, clinker cooler gas

and/or coal mill and alkali bypass exhaust, the limit is 

calculated using the Equation 2 of this section:

Where:

PMalt = Alternative PM emission limit for commingled sources.

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Page 29 of 106

0.002 = The PM exhaust concentration (gr/dscf) equivalent to 

0.020 lb per ton clinker where clinker cooler and kiln 

exhaust gas are not combined.

1.65 = The conversion factor of ton feed per ton clinker.

Qk = The exhaust flow of the kiln (dscf/ton feed).

Qc = The exhaust flow of the clinker cooler (dscf/ton feed).

Qab = The exhaust flow of the alkali bypass (dscf/ton feed).

Qcm = The exhaust flow of the coal mill (dscf/ton feed).

7000 = The conversion factor for gr per lb.

(c) Open clinker storage pile. The owner or operator of an 

open clinker storage pile must prepare, and operate in 

accordance with, the fugitive dust emissions control measures, 

described in their operation and maintenance plan (see § 63.1347 

of this subpart), that is appropriate for the site conditions as 

specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section. The 

operation and maintenance plan must also describe the measures 

that will be used to minimize fugitive dust emissions from piles 

of clinker, such as accidental spillage, that are not part of 

open clinker storage piles.

(1) The operation and maintenance plan must identify and 

describe the location of each current or future open clinker 

storage pile and the fugitive dust emissions control measures 

the owner or operator will use to minimize fugitive dust 

emissions from each open clinker storage pile.

(2) For open clinker storage piles, the operations and 

maintenance plan must specify that one or more of the following 

control measures will be used to minimize to the greatest extent 

practicable fugitive dust from open clinker storage piles: 

Locating the source inside a partial enclosure, installing and 

operating a water spray or fogging system, applying appropriate 

chemical dust suppression agents, use of a wind barrier, 

compaction, use of tarpaulin or other equally effective cover or 

use of a vegetative cover. You must select, for inclusion in the 

operations and maintenance plan, the fugitive dust control 

measure or measures listed in this paragraph that are most 

appropriate for site conditions. The plan must also explain how 

the measure or measures selected are applicable and appropriate 
Page 30 of 106

for site conditions. In addition, the plan must be revised as 

needed to reflect any changing conditions at the source.

(3) Temporary piles of clinker that result from accidental 

spillage or clinker storage cleaning operations must be cleaned 

up within 3 days.

(d) Emission limits in effect prior to September 9, 2010. Any 

source defined as an existing source in § 63.1351, and that was 

subject to a PM, mercury, THC, D/F, or opacity emissions limit 

prior to September 9, 2010, must continue to meet the limits as 

shown in Table 2 below until September 9, 2015.

Table 2. Emissions limits in effect prior to September 9, 2010, 

for Kilns (Rows 1-4), Clinker Coolers (Row 5), and Raw Material 

Dryers (Rows 6-9). 

If your source 

is and

And if 

it is 

located 

at 

Your 

emissions 

limits 

are1:

And the 

units of 

the 

emissions 

limit 

are:

1. An 

existing kiln 

it commenced 

construction 

or 

reconstruction 

on or prior to 

December 2, 

2005

A major 

source

PM - 0.3

Opacity -

20

D/F –

0.22

THC -

503,4

lb/ton 

feed

percent

ng/dscm 

(TEQ)

ppmvd

2. An 

existing kiln 

it commenced 

construction 

or 

reconstruction 

after December 

2, 2005

A major 

source

PM - 0.3 

Opacity -

20

D/F –

0.22

THC –

203,5

Mercury –

416

lb/ton 

feed

percent

ng/dscm 

(TEQ)

ppmvd

ug/dscm

3. An 

existing kiln 

it commenced 

construction 

or 

An area 

source

D/F –

0.22

ng/dscm 

(TEQ)

ppmvd

Deleted: in 76FR2836

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Deleted: shown in Table 2 to this section 

Deleted: ¶
Page 31 of 106

reconstruction 

on or prior to 

December 2, 

2005

THC –

503,4

4. An 

existing kiln 

it commenced 

construction 

or 

reconstruction 

after December 

2, 2005

An area 

source 

D/F –

0.22

THC –

203,5

Mercury –

416

ng/dscm 

(TEQ)

ppmvd

ug/dscm

5. An existing 

clinker cooler NA A major source

PM - 0.1 

Opacity -

10

lb/ton 

feed

percent

6.

An Existing 

raw material 

dryer

it commenced 

construction 

or 

reconstruction 

on or prior to 

December 2, 

2005

A major 

source

THC –

503,4

Opacity -

10

ppmvd

Percent

7.

An Existing 

raw material 

dryer

it commenced 

construction 

or 

reconstruction 

after December 

2, 2005

A major 

source

THC –

203,5

Opacity -

10

ppmvd

percent

8.

An Existing 

raw material 

dryer

it commenced 

construction 

or 

reconstruction 

on or prior to 

December 2, 

2005

An area 

source

THC –

503,4 ppmvd

9.

An Existing 

raw material 

dryer

it commenced 

construction 

or 

reconstruction 

after December 

2, 2005

An area 

source

THC –

203,5 ppmvd

1 All emission limits expressed as a concentration basis (ppmvd, 

ng/dscm) are corrected to seven percent oxygen.

2 If the average temperature at the inlet to the first 

particulate matter control device (fabric filter or 

Deleted: ¶
Page 32 of 106

electrostatic precipitator) during the D/F performance test is 

400 oF or less, this limit is changed to 0.4 ng/dscm (TEQ).

3 Measured as propane.

4 Only applies to Greenfield kilns or raw material dryers.

5 As an alternative, a source may demonstrate a 98 percent 

reduction in THC emissions from the exit of the kiln or raw 

material dryer to discharge to the atmosphere. Inline raw mills 

are considered to be an integral part of the kiln. 

6 As an alternative, a source may route the emissions through a 

packer bed or spray tower wet scrubber with a liquid-to-gas 

ratio of 30 gallons per 1000 actual cubic feet per minute or 

more and meet a site-specific emission limit based on the 

measured performance of the wet scrubber.

§ 63.1344 Reserved

§ 63.1345 Emissions limits for affected sources other than 

kilns; clinker coolers; new and reconstructed raw material 

dryers.

The owner or operator of each new or existing raw material, 

clinker, or finished product storage bin; conveying system 

transfer point; bagging system; bulk loading or unloading 

system; raw and finish mills; and each existing raw material 

dryer, at a facility which is a major source subject to the 

provisions of this subpart must not cause to be discharged any 

gases from these affected sources which exhibit opacity in 

excess of 10 percent.

§ 63.1346 Operating limits for kilns.

(a) The owner or operator of a kiln subject to a D/F 

emissions limitation under § 63.1343 must operate the kiln such 

that the temperature of the gas at the inlet to the kiln PM 

control device (PMCD) and alkali bypass PMCD, if applicable, 

does not exceed the applicable temperature limit specified in 

paragraph (b) of this section. The owner or operator of an inline kiln/raw mill subject to a D/F emissions limitation under 

§ 63.1343 must operate the in-line kiln/raw mill, such that:

(1) When the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is 

operating, the applicable temperature limit for the main in-line 

kiln/raw mill exhaust, specified in paragraph (b) of this 

section and established during the performance test when the raw 

mill was operating, is not exceeded, except during periods of 

Deleted: ¶

Deleted: ¶

Deleted: ¶

Deleted: ¶

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Deleted: Affirmative defense for violation of 

emission standards during malfunction. ¶

In response to an action to enforce the 

standards set forth in § 63.1343(b) and (c) 

and § 63.1345 and you may assert an 

affirmative defense to a claim for civil 

penalties for violations of such standards 

that are caused by malfunction, as defined at 

40 CFR 63.2. Appropriate penalties may be 

assessed if you fail to meet your burden of 

proving all of the requirements in the 

affirmative defense. The affirmative defense 

shall not be available for claims for 

injunctive relief.¶

(a) Assertion of affirmative defense. To 

establish the affirmative defense in any 

action to enforce such a standard, you must 

timely meet the reporting requirements in 

paragraph (b) of this section, and must prove 

by a preponderance of evidence that:¶

(1) The violation:¶

(i) Was caused by a sudden, infrequent, and 

unavoidable failure of air pollution control 

equipment, process equipment, or a process to 

operate in a normal or usual manner; and¶

(ii) Could not have been prevented through 

careful planning, proper design or better 

operation and maintenance practices; and¶

(iii) Did not stem from any activity or event 

that could have been foreseen and avoided, or 

planned for; and¶

(iv) Was not part of a recurring pattern 

indicative of inadequate design, operation, or 

maintenance; and¶

(2) Repairs were made as expeditiously as 

possible when a violation occurred; and¶

(3) The frequency, amount, and duration of the 

violation (including any bypass) were 

minimized to the maximum extent practicable; 

and¶

(4) If the violation resulted from a bypass of 

control equipment or a process, then the 

bypass was unavoidable to prevent loss of 

life, personal injury, or severe property 

damage; and¶

(5) All possible steps were taken to minimize 

the impact of the violation on ambient air 

quality, the environment, and human health; 

and¶

(6) All emissions monitoring and control 

systems were kept in operation if at all 

possible, consistent with safety and good air 

pollution control practices; and¶ ...

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Page 33 of 106

startup and shutdown when the temperature limit may be exceeded 

by no more than 10 percent.

(2) When the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is not 

operating, the applicable temperature limit for the main in-line 

kiln/raw mill exhaust, specified in paragraph (b) of this 

section and established during the performance test when the raw 

mill was not operating, is not exceeded, except during periods 

of startup/shutdown when the temperature limit may be exceeded 

by no more than 10 percent.

(3) If the in-line kiln/raw mill is equipped with an alkali 

bypass, the applicable temperature limit for the alkali bypass 

specified in paragraph (b) of this section and established 

during the performance test, with or without the raw mill 

operating, is not exceeded, except during periods of 

startup/shutdown when the temperature limit may be exceeded by 

no more than 10 percent.

(b) The temperature limit for affected sources meeting the 

limits of paragraph (a) of this section or paragraphs (a)(1) 

through (a)(3) of this section is determined in accordance with 

§ 63.1349(b)(3)(iv).

(c) For an affected source subject to a D/F emissions 

limitation under § 63.1343 that employs sorbent injection as an 

emission control technique for D/F control, you must operate the 

sorbent injection system in accordance with paragraphs (c)(1) 

and (2) of this section.

(1) The rolling three-hour average activated sorbent 

injection rate must be equal to or greater than the sorbent 

injection rate determined in accordance with 

§ 63.1349(b)(3)(vi).

(2) You must either:

(i) Maintain the minimum activated carbon injection carrier 

gas flow rate, as a rolling three-hour average, based on the 

manufacturer's specifications. These specifications must be 

documented in the test plan developed in accordance with 

§ 63.7(c), or

(ii) Maintain the minimum activated carbon injection carrier 

gas pressure drop, as a rolling three-hour average, based on the 

manufacturer's specifications. These specifications must be 
Page 34 of 106

documented in the test plan developed in accordance with 

§ 63.7(c).

(d) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, for 

an affected source subject to a D/F emissions limitation under 

§ 63.1343 that employs carbon injection as an emission control 

technique you must specify and use the brand and type of sorbent 

used during the performance test until a subsequent performance 

test is conducted, unless the site-specific performance test 

plan contains documentation of key parameters that affect 

adsorption and the owner or operator establishes limits based on 

those parameters, and the limits on these parameters are 

maintained.

(e) For an affected source subject to a D/F emissions 

limitation under § 63.1343 that employs carbon injection as an 

emission control technique you may substitute, at any time, a 

different brand or type of sorbent provided that the replacement 

has equivalent or improved properties compared to the sorbent 

specified in the site-specific performance test plan and used in 

the performance test. The owner or operator must maintain 

documentation that the substitute sorbent will provide the same 

or better level of control as the original sorbent.

(f) No kiln may use as a raw material or fuel any fly ash 

where the mercury content of the fly ash has been increased 

through the use of activated carbon, or any other sorbent, 

unless the facility can demonstrate that the use of that fly ash 

will not result in an increase in mercury emissions over 

baseline emissions (i.e., emissions not using the fly ash). The 

facility has the burden of proving there has been no emissions 

increase over baseline. Once the kiln is in compliance with a 

mercury emissions limit specified in § 63.1343, this paragraph 

no longer applies.

(g) During periods of startup and shutdown you must meet the 

requirements listed in (g)(1) through (4) of this section.

(1) During startup you must use any one or combination of the 

following clean fuels: natural gas, synthetic natural gas, 

propane, distillate oil, synthesis gas (syngas), and ultra-low 

sulfur diesel (ULSD) until the kiln reaches a temperature of 

1200 degrees Fahrenheit.
Page 35 of 106

(2) Combustion of the primary kiln fuel may commence once the 

kiln temperature reaches 1200 degrees Fahrenheit.

(3) All dry sorbent and activated carbon systems that control 

hazardous air pollutants must be turned on and operating at the 

time the gas stream at the inlet to the baghouse or ESP reaches 

300 degrees Fahrenheit (five minute average) during 

startup. Temperature of the gas stream is to be measured at the 

inlet of the baghouse or ESP every minute. Such injection 

systems can be turned off during shutdown. Particulate control

and all remaining devices that control hazardous air pollutants 

should be operational during startup and shutdown.

(4) You must keep records as specified in § 63.1355 during 

periods of startup and shutdown.

§ 63.1347 Operation and maintenance plan requirements.

(a) You must prepare, for each affected source subject to the 

provisions of this subpart, a written operations and maintenance 

plan. The plan must be submitted to the Administrator for review 

and approval as part of the application for a part 70 permit and 

must include the following information:

(1) Procedures for proper operation and maintenance of the 

affected source and air pollution control devices in order to 

meet the emissions limits and operating limits, including 

fugitive dust control measures for open clinker piles, of 

§§ 63.1343, 63.1345, and 63.1346. Your operations and 

maintenance plan must address periods of startup and shutdown;

(2) Corrective actions to be taken when required by paragraph 

§ 63.1350(f)(3);

(3) Procedures to be used during an inspection of the 

components of the combustion system of each kiln and each inline kiln raw mill located at the facility at least once per 

year.

(b) Failure to comply with any provision of the operations 

and maintenance plan developed in accordance with this section 

is a violation of the standard.

§ 63.1348 Compliance requirements.

Deleted: air pollution control devices 

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Deleted: prior to combusting any fuel

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Deleted: to the air pollution control device 

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Deleted: content

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Deleted: fifteen 

Deleted: s

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Deleted: during startup until all HAP control 

devices are operating, and every fifteen 

minutes during shutdown until any activated 

carbon or lime injection systems are not 

operating.

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Deleted: [75 FR 55054, Sept. 9, 2010, as 

amended at 78 FR 10039, Feb. 12, 2013]¶

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Deleted: through 63.1348. 
Page 36 of 106

(a) Initial Performance Test Requirements. For an affected 

source subject to this subpart, you must demonstrate compliance 

with the emissions standards and operating limits by using the 

test methods and procedures in §§ 63.1349 and 63.7. Any cement 

kiln that has been subject to the requirements of subpart CCCC 

or subpart DDDD of 40 CFR Part 60, and is now electing to cease 

burning nonhazardous solid waste and become subject to this 

subpart, must meet all the initial compliance testing 

requirements each time it becomes subject to this subpart, even 

if it was previously subject to this subpart.

NOTE TO PARAGRAPH ( a ): The first day of the 30 operating day 

performance test is the first day after the compliance date 

following completion of the field testing and data collection 

that demonstrates that the CPMS or CEMS has satisfied the 

relevant CPMS performance evaluation or CEMS performance 

specification (e.g., PS 2, 12A, or 12B) acceptance criteria. The 

performance test period is complete at the end of the 30th 

consecutive operating day. See § 63.1341 for definition of 

operating day and § 63.1348(b)(1) for the CEMS operating 

requirements. The source has the option of performing the 

compliance test earlier then the compliance date if desired.

(1) PM Compliance. If you are subject to limitations on PM 

emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate compliance 

with the PM emissions standards by using the test methods and 

procedures in § 63.1349(b)(1).

(2) Opacity Compliance. If you are subject to the limitations 

on opacity under § 63.1345, you must demonstrate compliance with 

the opacity emissions standards by using the performance test 

methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(2). Use the maximum 6-

minute average opacity exhibited during the performance test 

period to determine whether the affected source is in compliance 

with the standard.

(3) D/F compliance. (i) If you are subject to limitations on 

D/F emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate initial 

compliance with the D/F emissions standards by using the 

performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(3). The 

owner or operator of a kiln with an in-line raw mill must 

demonstrate initial compliance by conducting separate 

performance tests while the raw mill is operating and the raw 

mill is not operating. The D/F concentration must be determined 

for each run and the arithmetic average of the concentrations 
Page 37 of 106

measured for the three runs must be calculated to determine 

compliance. The owner or operator of a kiln with an in-line raw 

mill must demonstrate compliance by conducting separate 

performance tests while the raw mill is operating and while the 

raw mill is not operating. Determine the D/F TEQ concentration 

for each run and calculate the arithmetic average of the TEQ 

concentrations measured for the three runs to determine 

continuous compliance.

(ii) If you are subject to a D/F emissions limitation under 

§ 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate compliance with the 

temperature operating limits specified in § 63.1346 by using the 

performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(3)(ii) 

through (b)(3)(iv). Use the arithmetic average of the 

temperatures measured during the three runs to determine the 

applicable temperature limit.

(iii) If activated carbon injection is used and you are 

subject to a D/F emissions limitation under § 63.1343(b), you 

must demonstrate compliance with the activated carbon injection 

rate operating limits specified in § 63.1346 by using the 

performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(3)(v).

(iv) If activated carbon injection is used, you must also 

develop a carrier gas parameter (either the carrier gas flow 

rate or the carrier gas pressure drop) during the initial 

performance test and updated during any subsequent performance 

test conducted under § 63.1349(b)(3) that meets the requirements 

of § 63.1349(b)(3)(vi). Compliance is demonstrated if the system

is maintained within ± 5 percent accuracy during the performance 

test determined in accordance with the procedures and criteria 

submitted for review in your monitoring plan required in section 

63.1350(p).

(4)(i) THC Compliance. If you are subject to limitations on 

THC emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate 

compliance with the THC emissions standards by using the 

performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(4)(i). 

You must use the average THC concentration obtained during the 

first 30 kiln operating days after the compliance date of this 

rule to determine initial compliance.

(ii) Total Organic HAP Emissions Tests. If you elect to 

demonstrate compliance with the total organic HAP emissions 

limit under § 63.1343(b) in lieu of the THC emissions limit, you 

must demonstrate compliance with the total organic HAP emissions 
Page 38 of 106

standards by using the performance test methods and procedures 

in § 63.1349(b)(7.

(iii) If you are demonstrating initial compliance, you must 

conduct the separate performance tests as specified in 

§ 63.1349(b)(7) while the raw mill of the inline kiln/raw mill 

is operating and while the raw mill of the inline kiln/raw mill 

is not operating.

(iv) The time weighted average total organic HAP 

concentration measured during the separate initial performance 

test specified by § 63.1349(b)(7) must be used to determine 

initial compliance.

(v) The time weighted average THC concentration measured 

during the initial performance test specified by § 63.1349(b)(4) 

must be used to determine the site-specific THC limit. Using the 

fraction of time the inline kiln/raw mill is on and the fraction 

of time that the inline kiln/raw mill is off, calculate this 

limit as a time weighted average of the THC levels measured 

during raw mill on and raw mill off testing using one of the two 

approaches in § 63.1349(b)(7)(vii) or (viii) depending on the 

level of organic HAP measured during the compliance test.

(5) Mercury Compliance. If you are subject to limitations on 

mercury emissions in § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate 

compliance with the mercury standards by using the performance 

test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(5). You must 

demonstrate compliance by operating a mercury CEMS or a sorbent 

trap based CEMS. Compliance with the mercury emissions standard 

must be determined based on the first 30 operating days you 

operate a mercury CEMS or sorbent trap monitoring system after 

the compliance date of this rule.

(i) In calculating a 30 operating day emissions value using 

an integrating sorbent trap CEMS, assign the average Hg 

emissions concentration determined for an integrating period 

(e.g., 7 day sorbent trap monitoring system sample) to each 

relevant hour of the kiln operating days spanned by each 

integrated sample. Calculate the 30 kiln operating day emissions 

rate value using the assigned hourly Hg emissions concentrations 

and the respective flow and production rate values collected 

during the 30 kiln operating day performance test period. 

Depending on the duration of each integrated sampling period, 

you may not be able to calculate the 30 kiln operating day 
Page 39 of 106

emissions value until several days after the end of the 30 kiln 

operating day performance test period.

(ii) For example, a sorbent trap monitoring system producing 

an integrated 7-day sample will provide Hg concentration data 

for each hour of the first 28 kiln operating days (i.e., four 

values spanning 7 days each) of a 30 operating day period. The 

Hg concentration values for the hours of the last 2 days of the 

30 operating day period will not be available for calculating 

the emissions for the performance test period until at least 

five days after the end of the subject period.

(6) HCl Compliance. If you are subject to limitations on HCl 

emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate initial 

compliance with the HCl standards by using the performance test 

methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(6).

(i) For an affected source that is equipped with a wet 

scrubber, tray tower or dry scrubber, you may demonstrate 

initial compliance by conducting a performance test as specified 

in § 63.1349(b)(6)(i). You must determine the HCl concentration 

for each run and calculate the arithmetic average of the 

concentrations measured for the three runs to determine 

compliance. You must also establish appropriate site-specific 

operational parameter limits.

(ii) For an affected source that is not equipped with a wet 

scrubber, tray tower or dry scrubber, you must demonstrate 

initial compliance by operating a CEMS as specified in 

§ 63.1349(b)(6)(ii). You must use the average of the hourly HCl 

values obtained during the first 30 kiln operating days that 

occur after the compliance date of this rule to determine 

initial compliance.

(7) Commingled Exhaust Requirements. If the coal mill exhaust 

is commingled with kiln exhaust in a single stack, you may 

demonstrate compliance with the kiln emission limits by either:

(i) Performing required emissions monitoring and testing on 

the commingled coal mill and kiln exhaust, or

(ii) Perform required emission monitoring and testing of the 

kiln exhaust prior to the reintroduction of the coal mill 

exhaust, and also testing the kiln exhaust diverted to the coal 

mill. All emissions must be added together for all emission 
Page 40 of 106

points, and must not exceed the limit per each pollutant as 

listed in S63.1343(b).

(b) Continuous Monitoring Requirements. You must demonstrate 

compliance with the emissions standards and operating limits by 

using the performance test methods and procedures in §§ 63.1350 

and 63.8 for each affected source.

(1) General Requirements. (i) You must monitor and collect 

data according to § 63.1350 and the site-specific monitoring 

plan required by § 63.1350(p).

(ii) Except for periods of startup and shutdown, monitoring 

system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system 

malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance 

or quality control activities (including, as applicable, 

calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments), you 

must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all 

required intervals at all times the affected source is 

operating.

(iii) You may not use data recorded during startup and 

shutdown, monitoring system malfunctions or repairs associated 

with monitoring system malfunctions in calculations used to 

report emissions or operating levels. A monitoring system 

malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably 

preventable failure of the monitoring system to provide valid 

data. Monitoring system failures that are caused in part by poor 

maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. You must 

use all the data collected during all other periods in assessing 

the operation of the control device and associated control 

system.

(iv) Clinker Production. If you are subject to limitations on 

mercury emissions (lb/MM tons of clinker) under § 63.1343(b), 

you must determine the hourly production rate of clinker 

according to the requirements of § 63.1350(d).

(2) PM Compliance. If you are subject to limitations on PM 

emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must use the monitoring 

methods and procedures in § 63.1350(b) and (d).

(3) Opacity Compliance. If you are subject to the limitations 

on opacity under § 63.1345, you must demonstrate compliance 

using the monitoring methods and procedures in § 63.1350(f) 

based on the maximum 6-minute average opacity exhibited during 

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Deleted: ,

Deleted: , or required monitoring system 

quality assurance or control activities
Page 41 of 106

the performance test period. You must initiate corrective 

actions within one hour of detecting visible emissions above the 

applicable limit.

(i) COMS. If you install a COMS in lieu of conducting the 

daily visible emissions testing, you must demonstrate compliance 

using a COMS such that it is installed, operated, and maintained 

in accordance with the requirements of § 63.1350(f)(4)(i).

(ii) Bag leak determination system ( BLDS). If you install a 

BLDS on a raw mill or finish mill in lieu of conducting the 

daily visible emissions testing, you must demonstrate compliance 

using a BLDS that is installed, operated, and maintained in 

accordance with the requirements of § 63.1350(f)(4)(ii).

(4) D/F Compliance. If you are subject to a D/F emissions 

limitation under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate compliance 

using a CMS that is installed, operated and maintained to record 

the temperature of specified gas streams in accordance with the 

requirements of § 63.1350(g).

(5)(i) Activated Carbon Injection Compliance. If you use 

activated carbon injection to comply with the D/F emissions 

limitation under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate compliance 

using a CMS that is installed, operated, and maintained to 

record the rate of activated carbon injection in accordance with 

the requirements § 63.1350(h)(1).

(ii) If you use activated carbon injection to comply with the 

D/F emissions limitation under § 63.1343(b), you must 

demonstrate compliance using a CMS that is installed, operated 

and maintained to record the activated carbon injection system 

gas parameter in accordance with the requirements of 

§ 63.1350(h)(2).

(6) THC Compliance. (i) If you are subject to limitations on 

THC emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate 

compliance using the monitoring methods and procedures in 

§ 63.1350(i) and (j).

(ii) THC must be measured either upstream of the coal mill or 

in the coal mill stack.

(7) Mercury Compliance. (i) If you are subject to limitations 

on mercury emissions in § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate 

compliance using the monitoring methods and procedures in 
Page 42 of 106

§ 63.1350(k). If you use an integrated sorbent trap monitoring 

system to determine ongoing compliance, use the procedures 

described in § 63.1348(a)(5) to assign hourly mercury 

concentration values and to calculate rolling 30 operating day 

emissions rates. Since you assign the mercury concentration 

measured with the sorbent trap to each relevant hour 

respectively for each operating day of the integrated period, 

you may schedule the sorbent trap change periods to any time of 

the day (i.e., the sorbent trap replacement need not be 

scheduled at 12:00 midnight nor must the sorbent trap 

replacements occur only at integral 24-hour intervals).

(ii) Mercury must be measured either upstream of the coal 

mill or in the coal mill stack.

(8) HCl Compliance. If you are subject to limitations on HCl 

emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate compliance 

using the performance test methods and procedures in 

§ 63.1349(b)(6).

(i) For an affected source that is not equipped with a wet 

scrubber, tray tower or a dry sorbent injection system, you must 

demonstrate compliance using the monitoring methods and 

procedures in § 63.1350(l)(1).

(ii) For an affected source that is equipped with a wet 

scrubber, tray tower or a dry sorbent injection system, you may 

demonstrate compliance using the monitoring methods and 

procedures in § 63.1350(l)(2).

(iii) HCl may be measured either upstream of the coal mill or 

in the coal mill stack.

(iv) As an alternative to paragraph (b)(8)(ii) of this 

section, you may use an SO2 CEMS to establish an SO2 operating 

level during your initial and repeat HCl performance tests and 

monitor the SO2 level using the procedures in § 63.1350(l)(3).

(9) Startup and Shutdown Compliance. All dry sorbent and 

activated carbon systems that control hazardous air pollutants 

must be turned on and operating at the time the gas stream at 

the inlet to the baghouse or ESP reaches 300 degrees Fahrenheit

(five minute average) during startup. Temperature of the gas 

stream is to be measured at the inlet of the baghouse or ESP 

every minute. Such injection systems can be turned off during 

shutdown. Particulate control and all remaining devices that 
Page 43 of 106

control hazardous air pollutants should be operational during 

startup and shutdown.

(c) Changes in operations. (1) If you plan to undertake a 

change in operations that may adversely affect compliance with 

an applicable standard, operating limit, or parametric 

monitoring value under this subpart, the source must conduct a 

performance test as specified in § 63.1349(b).

(2) In preparation for and while conducting a performance 

test required in § 63.1349(b), you may operate under the planned 

operational change conditions for a period not to exceed 360 

hours, provided that the conditions in (c)(2)(i) through 

(c)(2)(iv) of this section are met. You must submit temperature 

and other monitoring data that are recorded during the pretest 

operations.

(i) You must provide the Administrator written notice at 

least 60 days prior to undertaking an operational change that 

may adversely affect compliance with an applicable standard 

under this subpart for any source, or as soon as practicable 

where 60 days advance notice is not feasible. Notice provided 

under this paragraph must include a description of the planned 

change, the emissions standards that may be affected by the 

change, and a schedule for completion of the performance test 

required under paragraph (c)(1) of this section, including when 

the planned operational change period would begin.

(ii) The performance test results must be documented in a 

test report according to § 63.1349(a).

(iii) A test plan must be made available to the Administrator 

prior to performance testing, if requested.

(iv) The performance test must be completed within 360 hours 

after the planned operational change period begins.

(d) General duty to minimize emissions. At all times you must 

operate and maintain any affected source, including associated 

air pollution control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a 

manner consistent with safety and good air pollution control 

practices for minimizing emissions. Determination of whether 

such operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be 

based on information available to the Administrator which may 

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compliance during startup and shutdown, all 

air pollution control devices must be 

operating.

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Page 44 of 106

include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of 

operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and 

maintenance records, and inspection of the source.

[75 FR 55055, Sept. 9, 2010, as amended at 78 FR 10040, Feb. 12, 

2013]

Monitoring and Compliance Provisions

§ 63.1349 Performance testing requirements.

(a) You must document performance test results in complete 

test reports that contain the information required by paragraphs 

(a)(1) through (10) of this section, as well as all other 

relevant information. As described in § 63.7(c)(2)(i), you must 

make available to the Administrator prior to testing, if 

requested, the site-specific test plan to be followed during 

performance testing. For purposes of determining exhaust gas 

flow rate to the atmosphere from an alkali bypass stack or a 

coal mill stack, you must either install, operate, calibrate and 

maintain an instrument for continuously measuring and recording 

the exhaust gas flow rate according to the requirements in 

paragraphs § 63.1350(n)(1) through (10) of this subpart or use 

the maximum design exhaust gas flow rate. For purposes of 

determining the combined emissions from kilns equipped with an 

alkali bypass or that exhaust kiln gases to a coal mill that 

exhausts through a separate stack, instead of installing a CEMS 

on the alkali bypass stack or coal mill stack, you may use the 

results of the initial and subsequent performance test to 

demonstrate compliance with the relevant emissions limit.

(1) A brief description of the process and the air pollution 

control system;

(2) Sampling location description(s);

(3) A description of sampling and analytical procedures and 

any modifications to standard procedures;

(4) Test results;
Page 45 of 106

(5) Quality assurance procedures and results;

(6) Records of operating conditions during the performance 

test, preparation of standards, and calibration procedures;

(7) Raw data sheets for field sampling and field and 

laboratory analyses;

(8) Documentation of calculations;

(9) All data recorded and used to establish parameters for 

monitoring; and

(10) Any other information required by the performance test 

method.

(b)(1) PM emissions tests. The owner or operator of a kiln 

and clinker cooler subject to limitations on PM emissions shall 

demonstrate initial compliance by conducting a performance test 

using Method 5 or Method 5I at appendix A-3 to part 60 of this 

chapter. You must also monitor continuous performance through 

use of a PM continuous parametric monitoring system (PM CPMS).

(i) For your PM CPMS, you will establish a site-specific 

operating limit. If your PM performance test demonstrates your 

PM emission levels to be below 75 percent of your emission limit 

you will use the average PM CPMS value recorded during the PM 

compliance test, the milliamp equivalent of zero output from 

your PM CPMS, and the average PM result of your compliance test 

to establish your operating limit. If your PM compliance test 

demonstrates your PM emission levels to be at or above 75 

percent of your emission limit you will use the average PM CPMS 

value recorded during the PM compliance test to establish your 

operating limit. You will use the PM CPMS to demonstrate 

continuous compliance with your operating limit. You must repeat 

the performance test annually and reassess and adjust the sitespecific operating limit in accordance with the results of the 

performance test.

(A) Your PM CPMS must provide a 4-20 milliamp or digital

signal output and the establishment of its relationship to 

manual reference method measurements must be determined in units 

of milliamps or the monitors digital equivalent.

(B) Your PM CPMS operating range must be capable of reading 

PM concentrations from zero to a level equivalent to three times 

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your allowable emission limit. If your PM CPMS is an autoranging instrument capable of multiple scales, the primary range 

of the instrument must be capable of reading PM concentration 

from zero to a level equivalent to three times your allowable 

emission limit.

(C) During the initial performance test or any such 

subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with 

the PM limit, record and average all milliamp or digital output 

values from the PM CPMS for the periods corresponding to the 

compliance test runs (e.g., average all your PM CPMS output 

values for three corresponding Method 5I test runs).

(ii) Determine your operating limit as specified in 

paragraphs (b)(1)(iii) through (iv) of this section. If your PM 

performance test demonstrates your PM emission levels to be 

below 75 percent of your emission limit you will use the average 

PM CPMS value recorded during the PM compliance test, the 

milliamp or digital equivalent of zero output from your PM CPMS, 

and the average PM result of your compliance test to establish 

your operating limit. If your PM compliance test demonstrates 

your PM emission levels to be at or above 75 percent of your 

emission limit you will use the average PM CPMS value recorded 

during the PM compliance test to establish your operating limit. 

You must verify an existing or establish a new operating limit 

after each repeated performance test. You must repeat the 

performance test at least annually and reassess and adjust the 

site-specific operating limit in accordance with the results of 

the performance test.

(iii) If the average of your three Method 5 or 5I compliance 

test runs is below 75 percent of your PM emission limit, you 

must calculate an operating limit by establishing a relationship 

of PM CPMS signal to PM concentration using the PM CPMS 

instrument zero, the average PM CPMS values corresponding to the 

three compliance test runs, and the average PM concentration 

from the Method 5 or 5I compliance test with the procedures in 

(b)(1)(iii)(A) through (D) of this section.

(A) Determine your PM CPMS instrument zero output with one of 

the following procedures.

( 1 ) Zero point data for in-situ instruments should be 

obtained by removing the instrument from the stack and 

monitoring ambient air on a test bench.

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( 2 ) Zero point data for extractive instruments should be 

obtained by removing the extractive probe from the stack and 

drawing in clean ambient air.

( 3 ) The zero point may also be established by performing 

manual reference method measurements when the flue gas is free 

of PM emissions or contains very low PM concentrations (e.g., 

when your process is not operating, but the fans are operating 

or your source is combusting only natural gas) and plotting 

these with the compliance data to find the zero intercept.

( 4 ) If none of the steps in paragraphs (b)(1)(iii)(A)( 1 ) 

through ( 3 ) of this section are possible, you must use a zero 

output value provided by the manufacturer.

(B) Determine your PM CPMS instrument average in milliamps or 

digital signal, and the average of your corresponding three PM 

compliance test runs, using equation 3.

Where:

X1 = The PM CPMS data points for the three runs constituting the 

performance test.

Y1 = The PM concentration value for the three runs constituting 

the performance test.

n = The number of data points.

(C) With your instrument zero expressed in milliamps or a 

digital value, your three run average PM CPMS milliamp or

digital signal value, and your three run PM compliance test 

average, determine a relationship of lb/ton-clinker per milliamp 

or digital signal value with Equation 4.

Where:

R = The relative lb/ton-clinker per milliamp or digital signal 

for your PM CPMS.

Y1 = The three run average lb/ton-clinker PM concentration.

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X1 = The three run average milliamp or digital equivalent output 

from your PM CPMS.

z = The milliamp or digital equivalent of your instrument zero 

determined from (b)(1)(iii)(A).

(D) Determine your source specific 30-day rolling average 

operating limit using the lb/ton-clinker per milliamp or digital 

signal value from Equation 4 in Equation 5, below. This sets 

your operating limit at the PM CPMS output value corresponding 

to 75 percent of your emission limit.

Where:

Ol = The operating limit for your PM CPMS on a 30-day rolling 

average, in milliamps or the digital equivalent.

L = Your source emission limit expressed in lb/ton clinker.

z = Your instrument zero in milliamps, or digital equivalent,

determined from (b)(1)(iii)(A).

R = The relative lb/ton-clinker per milliamp, or digital 

equivalent, for your PM CPMS, from Equation 4.

(iv) If the average of your three PM compliance test runs is 

at or above 75 percent of your PM emission limit you must determine 

your operating limit by averaging the PM CPMS milliamp or digital 

equivalent output corresponding to your three PM performance test 

runs that demonstrate compliance with the emission limit using 

Equation 6.

Where:

X1 = The PM CPMS data points for all runs i.

n = The number of data points.

Oh = Your site specific operating limit, in milliamps or the 

digital equivalent.

(v) To determine continuous operating compliance, you must 

record the PM CPMS output data for all periods when the process 

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is operating, and use all the PM CPMS data for calculations when 

the source is not out-of-control. You must demonstrate 

continuous compliance by using all quality-assured hourly 

average data collected by the PM CPMS for all operating hours to 

calculate the arithmetic average operating parameter in units of 

the operating limit (milliamps or the digital equivalent) on a 

30 operating day rolling average basis, updated at the end of 

each new kiln operating day. Use Equation 7 to determine the 30 

kiln operating day average.

Where:

Hpvi = The hourly parameter value for hour i.

n = The number of valid hourly parameter values collected over 

30 kiln operating days.

(vi) For each performance test, conduct at least three 

separate test runs each while the mill is on and the mill is 

off, under the conditions that exist when the affected source is 

operating at the level reasonably expected to occur. Conduct 

each test run to collect a minimum sample volume of 2 dscm for 

determining compliance with a new source limit and 1 dscm for 

determining compliance with an existing source limit. Calculate 

the time weighted average of the results from three consecutive 

runs, including applicable sources as required by (b)(1)(viii), 

to determine compliance. You need not determine the particulate 

matter collected in the impingers (“back half”) of the Method 5 

or Method 5I particulate sampling train to demonstrate 

compliance with the PM standards of this subpart. This shall not 

preclude the permitting authority from requiring a determination 

of the “back half” for other purposes.

(vii) For PM performance test reports used to set a PM CPMS 

operating limit, the electronic submission of the test report 

must also include the make and model of the PM CPMS instrument, 

serial number of the instrument, analytical principle of the 

instrument (e.g. beta attenuation), span of the instruments 

primary analytical range, milliamp value or digital signal

equivalent to the instrument zero output, technique by which 

this zero value was determined, and the average milliamp signals 

corresponding to each PM compliance test run.

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(viii) When there is an alkali bypass and/or an inline coal 

mill with a separate stack associated with a kiln, the main 

exhaust and alkali bypass and/or inline coal mill must be tested 

simultaneously and the combined emission rate of PM from the 

kiln and alkali bypass and/or inline coal mill must be computed 

for each run using Equation 8 of this section.

ECm =

EK+ EB + EC

P

(Eq. 8)

Where:

ECm = Combined hourly emission rate of PM from the kiln and 

bypass stack and/or inline coal mill, lb/ton of kiln 

clinker production.

EK = Hourly emissions of PM emissions from the kiln, lb.

EB = Hourly PM emissions from the alkali bypass stack, lb.

EC = Hourly PM emissions from the inline coal mill stack, lb.

P = Hourly clinker production, tons.

(ix) The owner or operator of a kiln with an in-line raw mill 

and subject to limitations on PM emissions shall demonstrate 

initial compliance by conducting separate performance tests 

while the raw mill is under normal operating conditions and 

while the raw mill is not operating, and calculate the time 

weighted average emissions. The operating limit will then be 

determined using 63.1349(b)(1)(i) of this section.

(2) Opacity tests. If you are subject to limitations on 

opacity under this subpart, you must conduct opacity tests in 

accordance with Method 9 of appendix A-4 to part 60 of this 

chapter. The duration of the Method 9 performance test must be 3 

hours (30 6-minute averages), except that the duration of the 

Method 9 performance test may be reduced to 1 hour if the 

conditions of paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (ii) of this section 

apply. For batch processes that are not run for 3-hour periods 

or longer, compile observations totaling 3 hours when the unit 

is operating.

(i) There are no individual readings greater than 10 percent 

opacity;

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Page 51 of 106

(ii) There are no more than three readings of 10 percent for 

the first 1-hour period.

(3) D/F Emissions Tests. If you are subject to limitations on 

D/F emissions under this subpart, you must conduct a performance 

test using Method 23 of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter. 

If your kiln or in-line kiln/raw mill is equipped with an alkali 

bypass, you must conduct simultaneous performance tests of the 

kiln or in-line kiln/raw mill exhaust and the alkali bypass. You 

may conduct a performance test of the alkali bypass exhaust when 

the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is operating or not 

operating.

(i) Each performance test must consist of three separate runs 

conducted under representative conditions. The duration of each 

run must be at least 3 hours, and the sample volume for each run 

must be at least 2.5 dscm (90 dscf).

(ii) The temperature at the inlet to the kiln or in-line 

kiln/raw mill PMCD, and, where applicable, the temperature at 

the inlet to the alkali bypass PMCD must be continuously 

recorded during the period of the Method 23 test, and the 

continuous temperature record(s) must be included in the 

performance test report.

(iii) Average temperatures must be calculated for each run of 

the performance test.

(iv) The run average temperature must be calculated for each 

run, and the average of the run average temperatures must be 

determined and included in the performance test report and will 

determine the applicable temperature limit in accordance with 

§ 63.1343(b), footnote 2.

(v)(A) If sorbent injection is used for D/F control, you must 

record the rate of sorbent injection to the kiln exhaust, and 

where applicable, the rate of sorbent injection to the alkali 

bypass exhaust, continuously during the period of the Method 23 

test in accordance with the conditions in § 63.1350(m)(9), and 

include the continuous injection rate record(s) in the 

performance test report. Determine the sorbent injection rate 

parameters in accordance with paragraphs (b)(3)(vi) of this 

section.

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(B) Include the brand and type of sorbent used during the 

performance test in the performance test report.

(C) Maintain a continuous record of either the carrier gas 

flow rate or the carrier gas pressure drop for the duration of 

the performance test. If the carrier gas flow rate is used, 

determine, record, and maintain a record of the accuracy of the 

carrier gas flow rate monitoring system according to the 

procedures in appendix A to part 75 of this chapter. If the 

carrier gas pressure drop is used, determine, record, and 

maintain a record of the accuracy of the carrier gas pressure 

drop monitoring system according to the procedures in 

§ 63.1350(m)(6).

(vi) Calculate the run average sorbent injection rate for 

each run and determine and include the average of the run 

average injection rates in the performance test report and 

determine the applicable injection rate limit in accordance with 

§ 63.1346(c)(1).

(4) THC emissions test. (i) If you are subject to limitations 

on THC emissions, you must operate a CEMS in accordance with the 

requirements in § 63.1350(i). For the purposes of conducting the 

accuracy and quality assurance evaluations for CEMS, the THC 

span value (as propane) is 50 ppmvd and the reference method 

(RM) is Method 25A of appendix A to part 60 of this chapter.

(ii) Use the THC CEMS to conduct the initial compliance test 

for the first 30 kiln operating days of kiln operation after the 

compliance date of the rule. See 63.1348(a).

(iii) If kiln gases are diverted through an alkali bypass or 

to a coal mill and exhausted through a separate stack, you must 

calculate a kiln-specific THC limit using Equation 9:

Cks =

(MACT Limit x (Qab+Qcm+Qks))−(Qab x Cab)−(Qcm x Ccm)

Qks

 (Eq. 9)

Where:

Cks = Kiln stack concentration (ppmvd).

Qab = Alkali bypass flow rate (volume/hr).

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Cab = Alkali bypass concentration (ppmvd).

Qcm = Coal mill flow rate (volume/hr).

Ccm = Coal mill concentration (ppmvd).

Qks = Kiln stack flow rate (volume/hr).

(iv) THC must be measured either upstream of the coal mill or 

the coal mill stack.

(v) Instead of conducting the performance test specified in 

paragraph (b)(4)of this section, you may conduct a performance 

test to determine emissions of total organic HAP by following 

the procedures in paragraphs (b)(7) of this section.

(5) Mercury Emissions Tests. If you are subject to 

limitations on mercury emissions, you must operate a mercury 

CEMS or a sorbent trap monitoring system in accordance with the 

requirements of § 63.1350(k). The initial compliance test must 

be based on the first 30 kiln operating days in which the 

affected source operates using a mercury CEMS or a sorbent trap 

monitoring system after the compliance date of the rule. See 

§ 63.1348(a).

(i) If you are using a mercury CEMS or a sorbent trap 

monitoring system, you must install, operate, calibrate, and 

maintain an instrument for continuously measuring and recording 

the exhaust gas flow rate to the atmosphere according to the 

requirements in § 63.1350(k)(5).

(ii) Calculate the emission rate using Equation 10 of this 

section:

Where:

E30D = 30-day rolling emission rate of mercury, lb/MM tons 

clinker.

Ci = Concentration of mercury for operating hour i, μg/scm.

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Qi = Volumetric flow rate of effluent gas for operating hour i, 

where Ci and Qi are on the same basis (either wet or dry), 

scm/hr.

k = Conversion factor, 1 lb/454,000,000 μg.

n = Number of kiln operating hours in the previous 30 kiln 

operating day period where both C and Qi qualified data 

are available.

P = Total runs from the previous 30 days of clinker production 

during the same time period as the mercury emissions 

measured, million tons.

(6) HCl emissions tests. For a source subject to limitations 

on HCl emissions you must conduct performance testing by one of 

the following methods:

(i)(A) If the source is equipped with a wet scrubber, tray 

tower or dry scrubber, you must conduct performance testing 

using Method 321 of appendix A to this part unless you have 

installed a CEMS that meets the requirements § 63.1350(l)(1). 

For kilns with inline raw mills, testing should be conducted for 

the raw mill on and raw mill off conditions.

(B) You must establish site specific parameter limits by 

using the CPMS required in § 63.1350(l)(1). For a wet scrubber 

or tray tower, measure and record the pressure drop across the 

scrubber and/or liquid flow rate and pH in intervals of no more 

than 15 minutes during the HCl test. Compute and record the 24-

hour average pressure drop, pH, and average scrubber water flow 

rate for each sampling run in which the applicable emissions 

limit is met. For a dry scrubber, measure and record the sorbent 

injection rate in intervals of no more than 15 minutes during 

the HCl test. Compute and record the 24-hour average sorbent 

injection rate and average sorbent injection rate for each 

sampling run in which the applicable emissions limit is met.

(ii)(A) If the source is not controlled by a wet scrubber, 

tray tower or dry sorbent injection system, you must operate a 

CEMS in accordance with the requirements of § 63.1350(l)(1). See 

§ 63.1348(a).

(B) The initial compliance test must be based on the 30 kiln 

operating days that occur after the compliance date of this rule 

in which the affected source operates using a HCl CEMS. Hourly 

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HCl concentration data must be obtained according to 

§ 63.1350(l).

(iii) As an alternative to paragraph (b)(6)(i)(B) of this 

section, you may choose to monitor SO2 emissions using a CEMS in 

accordance with the requirements of § 63.1350(l)(3). You must 

establish an SO2 operating limit equal to the average recorded 

during the HCl stack test where the HCl stack test run result 

demonstrates compliance with the emission limit. This operating 

limit will apply only for demonstrating HCl compliance.

(iv) If kiln gases are diverted through an alkali bypass or 

to a coal mill and exhausted through a separate stack, you must 

calculate a kiln-specific HCl limit using Equation 11:

Cks =

(MACT Limit x (Qab+Qcm+Qks))−(Qab x Cab)−(Qcm x Ccm)

Qks

 (Eq. 11)

Where:

Cks = Kiln stack concentration (ppmvd).

Qab = Alkali bypass flow rate (volume/hr).

Cab = Alkali bypass concentration (ppmvd).

Qcm = Coal mill flow rate (volume/hr).

Ccm = Coal mill concentration (ppmvd).

Qks = Kiln stack flow rate (volume/hr).

(7) Total Organic HAP Emissions Tests. Instead of conducting 

the performance test specified in paragraph (b)(4) of this 

section, you may conduct a performance test to determine 

emissions of total organic HAP by following the procedures in 

paragraphs (b)(7)(i) through (v) of this section.

(i) Use Method 320 of appendix A to this part, Method 18 of 

Appendix A of part 60, ASTM D6348-03 or a combination to 

determine emissions of total organic HAP. Each performance test 

must consist of three separate runs under the conditions that 

exist when the affected source is operating at the 

representative performance conditions in accordance with 

§ 63.7(e). Each run must be conducted for at least 1 hour.

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(ii) At the same time that you are conducting the performance 

test for total organic HAP, you must also determine a sitespecific THC emissions limit by operating a THC CEMS in 

accordance with the requirements of § 63.1350(j). The duration 

of the performance test must be at least 3 hours and the average 

THC concentration (as calculated from the recorded output) 

during the 3-hour test must be calculated. You must establish 

your THC operating limit and determine compliance with it 

according to paragraphs (b)(7)(vii)through (viii)of this 

section. It is permissible to extend the testing time of the 

organic HAP performance test if you believe extended testing is 

required to adequately capture organic HAP and/ or THC 

variability over time.

(iii) If your source has an in-line kiln/raw mill you must 

use the fraction of time the raw mill is on and the fraction of 

time that the raw mill is off and calculate this limit as a 

weighted average of the THC levels measured during three raw 

mill on and three raw mill off tests.

(iv) If your organic HAP emissions are below 75 percent of 

the organic HAP standard and you determine your operating limit 

with paragraph (b)(7)(vii) of this section your THC CEMS must be 

calibrated and operated on a measurement scale no greater than 

180 ppmvw, as carbon, or 60 ppmvw as propane.

(v) If your kiln has an inline coal mill and/or an alkali 

bypass with separate stacks, you are required to measure and 

account for oHAP emissions from their separate stacks. You are 

required to measure oHAP at the coal mill inlet, and you must 

also measure oHAP at the alkali bypass outlet. You must then 

calculate a flow weighted average oHAP concentration for all 

emission sources including the inline coal mill and the alkali 

bypass.

(vi) Your THC CEMS measurement scale must be capable of 

reading THC concentrations from zero to a level equivalent to 

two times your highest THC emissions average determined during 

your performance test, including mill on or mill off operation. 

NOTE: This may require the use of a dual range instrument to 

meet this requirement and paragraph (b)(7)(iv) of this section.

(vii) Determine your operating limit as specified in 

paragraphs (b)(7)(viii) and (ix) of this section. If your 

organic HAP performance test demonstrates your average organic 

HAP emission levels are below 75 percent of your emission limit 

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coal mil inlet and 

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Page 57 of 106

(9 ppmv) you will use the average THC value recorded during the 

organic HAP performance test, and the average total organic HAP 

result of your performance test to establish your operating 

limit. If your organic HAP compliance test results demonstrate

that your average organic HAP emission levels are at or above 75 

percent of your emission limit, your operating limit is 

established as the average THC value recorded during the organic 

HAP performance test. You must establish a new operating limit 

after each performance test. You must repeat the performance 

test no later than 30 months following your last performance 

test and reassess and adjust the site-specific operating limit 

in accordance with the results of the performance test.

(viii) If the average organic HAP results for your three 

Method 18 and/or Method 320 performance test runs are below 75 

percent of your organic HAP emission limit, you must calculate 

an operating limit by establishing a relationship of THC CEMS 

signal to the organic HAP concentration using the average THC 

CEMS value corresponding to the three organic HAP compliance 

test runs and the average organic HAP total concentration from 

the Method 18 and/or Method 320 performance test runs with the 

procedures in (b)(7)(viii)(A) and (B) of this section.

(A) Determine the THC CEMS average values in ppmvw, and the 

average of your corresponding three total organic HAP compliance 

test runs, using Equation 12.

Where:

x̅= The THC CEMS average values in ppmvw.

Xi= The THC CEMS data points for all three runs i.

Yi= The sum of organic HAP concentrations for test runs i. and

n = The number of data points.

(B) You must use your three run average THC CEMS value and

your three run average organic HAP concentration from your three 

Method 18 and/or Method 320 compliance tests to determine the 

operating limit. Use equation 13 to determine your operating 

limit in units of ppmvw THC, as propane.

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Page 58 of 106

Where:

Tl = The 30-day operating limit for your THC CEMS, ppmvw.

Y1 = The average organic HAP concentration from Eq. 12, ppmvd.

X1 = The average THC CEMS concentration from Eq. 12, ppmvw.

(ix) If the average of your three organic HAP performance 

test runs is at or above 75 percent of your organic HAP emission 

limit, you must determine your operating limit using Equation 14 

by averaging the THC CEMS output values corresponding to your 

three organic HAP performance test runs that demonstrate 

compliance with the emission limit. If your new THC CEMS value 

is below your current operating limit, you may opt to retain 

your current operating limit, but you must still submit all 

performance test and THC CEMS data according to the reporting 

requirements in paragraph (d)(1) of this section.

Where:

X1 = The THC CEMS data points for all runs i.

n = The number of data points.

Th = Your site specific operating limit, in ppmvw THC.

(x) If your kiln has an inline kiln/raw mill, you must 

conduct separate performance tests while the raw mill is 

operating (“mill on”) and while the raw mill is not operating 

(“mill off”). Using the fraction of time the raw mill is on and 

the fraction of time that the raw mill is off, calculate this 

limit as a weighted average of the THC levels measured during 

raw mill on and raw mill off compliance testing with Equation 

15.

Where:

R = Operating limit as THC, ppmvw.

y = Average THC CEMS value during mill on operations, ppmvw.

t = Percentage of operating time with mill on.

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runs i.¶

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Page 59 of 106

x = Average THC CEMS value during mill off operations, ppmvw.

(1-t) = Percentage of operating time with mill off.

(xi) To determine continuous compliance with the THC 

operating limit, you must record the THC CEMS output data for 

all periods when the process is operating and the THC CEMS is 

not out-of-control. You must demonstrate continuous compliance 

by using all quality-assured hourly average data collected by 

the THC CEMS for all operating hours to calculate the arithmetic 

average operating parameter in units of the operating limit 

(ppmvw) on a 30 operating day rolling average basis, updated at 

the end of each new kiln operating day. Use Equation 16 to 

determine the 30 kiln operating day average.

Where:

Hpvi = The hourly parameter value for hour i, ppmvw.

n = The number of valid hourly parameter values collected over 

30 kiln operating days.

(xii) Use EPA Method 18 or Method 320 of appendix A to part 

60 of this chapter to determine organic HAP emissions. For each 

performance test, conduct at least three separate runs under the 

conditions that exist when the affected source is operating at 

the level reasonably expected to occur. If your source has an 

in-line kiln/raw mill you must conduct three separate test runs 

with the raw mill on, and three separate runs under the 

conditions that exist when the affected source is operating at 

the level reasonably expected to occur with the mill off. 

Conduct each Method 18 test run to collect a minimum target 

sample equivalent to three times the method detection limit. 

Calculate the average of the results from three runs to 

determine compliance.

(xiii) If the THC level exceeds by 10 percent or more your 

site-specific THC emissions limit, you must

(A) As soon as possible but no later than 30 days after the 

exceedance, conduct an inspection and take corrective action to 

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Page 60 of 106

return the THC CEMS measurements to within the established 

value; and

(B) Within 90 days of the exceedance or at the time of the 30 

month compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct another 

performance test to determine compliance with the organic HAP 

limit and to verify or re-establish your site-specific THC 

emissions limit.

(8) HCl Emissions Tests with SO2 Monitoring. If you choose to 

monitor SO2 emissions using a CEMS to demonstrate HCl 

compliance, follow the procedures in (b)(8)(i) through (ix) of 

this section and in accordance with the requirements of 

§ 63.1350(l)(3). You must establish an SO2 operating limit equal 

to the average recorded during the HCl stack test. . This 

operating limit will apply only for demonstrating HCl 

compliance.

(i) Use Method 321 of appendix A to this part to determine 

emissions of HCl. Each performance test must consist of three 

separate runs under the conditions that exist when the affected 

source is operating at the representative performance conditions 

in accordance with § 63.7(e). Each run must be conducted for at 

least one hour.

(ii) At the same time that you are conducting the 

performance test for HCl, you must also determine a sitespecific SO2 emissions limit by operating an SO2 CEMS in 

accordance with the requirements of § 63.1350(l). The duration 

of the performance test must be three hours and the average SO2

concentration (as calculated from the average output) during the 

3-hour test must be calculated. You must establish your SO2

operating limit and determine compliance with it according to 

paragraphs (b)(8)(vii) and (viii)of this section.

(iii) If your source has an in-line kiln/raw mill you must 

use the fraction of time the raw mill is on and the fraction of 

time that the raw mill is off and calculate this limit as a 

weighted average of the SO2 levels measured during raw mill on 

and raw mill off testing.

(iv) Your SO2 CEMS must be calibrated and operated according 

to the requirements of § 60.63(f).

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limit equal to the average of the SO2

emissions recorded during the HCl stack test

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Page 61 of 106

(v) Your SO2 CEMS measurement scale must be capable of 

reading SO2 concentrations consistent with the requirements of 

§ 60.63(f), including mill on or mill off operation.

(vi) If your kiln has an inline kiln/raw mill, you must 

conduct separate performance tests while the raw mill is 

operating (“mill on”) and while the raw mill is not operating 

(“mill off”). Using the fraction of time the raw mill is on and 

the fraction of time that the raw mill is off, calculate this 

limit as a weighted average of the HCl levels measured during 

raw mill on and raw mill off compliance testing with Equation 

17.

Where:

R = Operating limit as SO2 , ppmvw.

y = Average SO2 CEMS value during mill on operations, ppmvw.

t = Percentage of operating time with mill on, expressed as a 

decimal.

x = Average SO2 CEMS value during mill off operations, ppmvw.

t−1 = Percentage of operating time with mill off, expressed as a 

decimal.

(vii) If the average of your three HCl compliance test runs 

is below 75 percent of your HCl emission limit, you may as a 

compliance alternative, calculate an operating limit by 

establishing a relationship of SO2 CEMS signal to your HCl 

concentration corrected to 7% O2 by using the SO2 CEMS instrument 

zero, the average SO2 CEMS values corresponding to the three 

compliance test runs, and the average HCl concentration from the 

HCl compliance test with the procedures in (b)(1)(iii)(A) 

through (D) of this section.

(A) Determine your SO2 CEMS instrument zero output with one 

of the following procedures.

( 1 ) Zero point data for in-situ instruments should be 

obtained by removing the instrument from the stack and 

monitoring ambient air on a test bench.

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( 2 ) Zero point data for extractive instruments may be 

obtained by removing the extractive probe from the stack and 

drawing in clean ambient air.

( 3 ) The zero point may also be established by performing 

probe-flood introduction of high purity nitrogen or certified 

zero air free of SO2.

( 4 ) If none of the steps in paragraphs (a)(1)(iii)(A)( 1 ) 

through ( 3 ) of this section are possible, you must use a zero 

output value provided by the manufacturer.

(B) Determine your SO2 CEMS instrument average ppm, and the 

average of your corresponding three HCl compliance test runs, 

using equation 18.

x =

1

n∑X1

n

i=1

, y =

1

n∑Y1

n

i=1

(Eq. 18)

Where:

X1 = The SO2 CEMS data points for the three runs constituting the 

performance test.

Y1 = The HCl emission concentration expressed as ppmv corrected 

to 7% O2 for the three runs constituting the performance 

test.

n = The number of data points.

(C) With your instrument zero expressed in ppmv, your three 

run average SO2 CEMS expressed in ppmv, and your three run HCl 

compliance test average in ppm corrected to 7% O2, determine a 

relationship of ppm HCl corrected to 7% O2 per ppm SO2 with 

Equation 19.

R =

Y1

(X1 − z)

(Eq. 19)

Where:

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Page 63 of 106

R = The relative HCl ppmv corrected to 7% O2 per ppm SO2 for your 

SO2 CEMS.

Y1 = The three run average HCl concentration corrected to 7% O2.

X1 = The three run average ppm recorded by your SO2 CEMS.

z = The instrument zero output ppm value. 

(D) Determine your source specific 30-day rolling average 

operating limit using ppm HCl corrected to 7% O2 per ppm SO2

value from Equation 19 in Equation 20, below. This sets your 

operating limit at the SO2 CEMS ppm value corresponding to 75 

percent of your emission limit.

O1 = z +

0.75(L)

R

(Eq. 20)

Where:

Ol = The operating limit for your SO2 CEMS on a 30-day rolling 

average, in ppmv.

L = Your source HCl emission limit expressed in ppmv corrected 

to 7% O2.

z = Your instrument zero in ppmv, determined from (1)(i).

R = The relative oxygen corrected ppmv HCl per ppmv SO2, for 

your SO2 CEMS, from Equation 19.

(viii) To determine continuous compliance with the SO2

operating limit, you must record the SO2 CEMS output data for 

all periods when the process is operating and the SO2 CEMS is 

not out-of-control. You must demonstrate continuous compliance 

by using all quality-assured hourly average data collected by 

the SO2 CEMS for all operating hours to calculate the arithmetic 

average operating parameter in units of the operating limit 

(ppmvw) on a 30 operating day rolling average basis, updated at 

the end of each new kiln operating day. Use Equation 21 to 

determine the 30 kiln operating day average.

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Page 64 of 106

30kiln operating day =

∑ Hpvi n

i=1

n

(Eq. 21)

Where:

Hpvi = The hourly parameter value for hour i, ppmvw.

n = The number of valid hourly parameter values collected over 

30 kiln operating days.

(ix) Use EPA Method 321 of appendix A to part 60 of this 

chapter to determine HCl emissions. For each performance test, 

conduct at least three separate runs under the conditions that 

exist when the affected source is operating at the level 

reasonably expected to occur. If your source has an in-line 

kiln/raw mill you must conduct three separate test runs with the 

raw mill on, and three separate runs under the conditions that 

exist when the affected source is operating at the highest load 

or capacity level reasonably expected to occur with the mill 

off.

(x) If the SO2 level exceeds by 10 percent or more your sitespecific SO2 emissions limit, you must

(A) As soon as possible but no later than 30 days after the 

exceedance, conduct an inspection and take corrective action to 

return the SO2 CEMS measurements to within the established 

value. and

(B) Within 90 days of the exceedance or at the time of the 

periodic compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct another 

performance test to determine compliance with the HCl limit and 

to verify or re-establish your site-specific SO2 emissions 

limit.

(c) Performance Test Frequency. Except as provided in 

§ 63.1348(b), performance tests are required at regular 

intervals for affected sources that are subject to a dioxin, 

organic HAP or HCl emissions limit. Performance tests required 

every 30 months must be completed between 29 and 31 calendar

months after the previous performance test except where that 

specific pollutant is monitored using CEMS; performance tests 

required every 12 months must be completed within 11 to 13 

calendar months after the previous performance test.

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Page 65 of 106

(d) Performance Test Reporting Requirements. (1) You must 

submit the information specified in paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of 

this section no later than 60 days following the initial 

performance test. All reports must be signed by a responsible 

official.

(i) The initial performance test data as recorded under 

paragraph (b) of this section.

(ii) The values for the site-specific operating limits or 

parameters established pursuant to paragraphs (b)(1), (3), (6), 

and (7) of this section, as applicable, and a description, 

including sample calculations, of how the operating parameters 

were established during the initial performance test.

(2) As of December 31, 2011 and within 60 days after the date 

of completing each performance evaluation or test, as defined in 

§ 63.2, conducted to demonstrate compliance with any standard 

covered by this subpart, you must submit the relative accuracy 

test audit data and performance test data, except opacity data, 

to the EPA by successfully submitting the data electronically to 

the EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) by using the Electronic 

Reporting Tool(ERT) (see 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/ert_tool.html/ ).

(e) Conditions of performance tests. Conduct performance 

tests under such conditions as the Administrator specifies to 

the owner or operator based on representative performance of the 

affected source for the period being tested. Upon request, you 

must make available to the Administrator such records as may be 

necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests.

[75 FR 55057, Sept. 9, 2010, as amended at 78 FR 10040, Feb. 12, 

2013]

§ 63.1350 Monitoring requirements.

(a)(1) Following the compliance date, the owner or operator 

must demonstrate compliance with this subpart on a continuous 

basis by meeting the requirements of this section.

(2) Reserved. Deleted: All continuous monitoring data for 

periods of startup and shutdown must be 

compiled and averaged separately from data 

gathered during other operating periods.
Page 66 of 106

(3) For each existing unit that is equipped with a CMS, 

maintain the average emissions or the operating parameter values 

within the operating parameter limits established through 

performance tests.

(4) Any instance where the owner or operator fails to comply 

with the continuous monitoring requirements of this section is a 

violation.

(b) PM monitoring requirements. (1)(i) PM CPMS. You will use 

a PM CPMS to establish a site-specific operating limit 

corresponding to the results of the performance test 

demonstrating compliance with the PM limit. You will conduct 

your performance test using Method 5 or Method 5I at appendix A3 to part 60 of this chapter. You will use the PM CPMS to 

demonstrate continuous compliance with this operating limit. You 

must repeat the performance test annually and reassess and 

adjust the site-specific operating limit in accordance with the 

results of the performance test using the procedures in 

§ 63.1349(b)(1) (i) through (vi) of this subpart. You must also 

repeat the test if you change the analytical range of the 

instrument, or if you replace the instrument itself or any 

principle analytical component of the instrument that would 

alter the relationship of output signal to in-stack PM 

concentration.

(ii) To determine continuous compliance, you must use the PM 

CPMS output data for all periods when the process is operating 

and the PM CPMS is not out-of-control. You must demonstrate 

continuous compliance by using all quality-assured hourly 

average data collected by the PM CPMS for all operating hours to 

calculate the arithmetic average operating parameter in units of 

the operating limit (milliamps) on a 30 operating day rolling 

average basis, updated at the end of each new kiln operating 

day.

(iii) For any exceedance of the 30 process operating day PM 

CPMS average value from the established operating parameter 

limit, you must:

(A) Within 48 hours of the exceedance, visually inspect the 

APCD;

(B) If inspection of the APCD identifies the cause of the 

exceedance, take corrective action as soon as possible and 
Page 67 of 106

return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; 

and

(C) Within 30 days of the exceedance or at the time of the 

annual compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct a PM 

emissions compliance test to determine compliance with the PM 

emissions limit and to verify or re-establish the PM CPMS 

operating limit within 45 days. You are not required to conduct 

additional testing for any exceedances that occur between the 

time of the original exceedance and the PM emissions compliance 

test required under this paragraph.

(iv) PM CPMS exceedances leading to more than four required 

performance tests in a 12-month process operating period 

(rolling monthly) constitute a presumptive violation of this 

subpart.

(2) [Reserved]

(c) [Reserved]

(d) Clinker production monitoring requirements. In order to 

determine clinker production, you must:

(1) Determine hourly clinker production by one of two 

methods:

(i) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a permanent 

weigh scale system to measure and record weight rates in tonsmass per hour of the amount of clinker produced. The system of 

measuring hourly clinker production must be maintained within ±5 

percent accuracy, or

(ii) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a permanent 

weigh scale system to measure and record weight rates in tonsmass per hour of the amount of feed to the kiln. The system of 

measuring feed must be maintained within ±5 percent accuracy. 

Calculate your hourly clinker production rate using a kilnspecific feed to clinker ratio based on reconciled clinker 

production determined for accounting purposes and recorded feed 

rates. Update this ratio monthly. Note that if this ratio 

changes at clinker reconciliation, you must use the new ratio 

going forward, but you do not have to retroactively change 

clinker production rates previously estimated.
Page 68 of 106

(iii) [Reserved]

(2) Determine, record, and maintain a record of the accuracy 

of the system of measuring hourly clinker production (or feed 

mass flow if applicable) before initial use (for new sources) or 

by the effective compliance date of this rule (for existing 

sources). During each quarter of source operation, you must 

determine, record, and maintain a record of the ongoing accuracy 

of the system of measuring hourly clinker production (or feed 

mass flow).

(3) If you measure clinker production directly, record the 

daily clinker production rates; if you measure the kiln feed 

rates and calculate clinker production, record the hourly kiln 

feed and clinker production rates.

(4) Develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with 

paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(4) of this section.

(e) [Reserved]

(f) Opacity monitoring requirements. If you are subject to a 

limitation on opacity under § 63.1345, you must conduct required 

opacity monitoring in accordance with the provisions of 

paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (vii) of this section and in 

accordance with your monitoring plan developed under 

§ 63.1350(p). You must also develop an opacity monitoring plan 

in accordance with paragraphs (p)(1) through (4) and paragraph 

(o)(5), if applicable, of this section.

(1)(i) You must conduct a monthly 10-minute visible emissions 

test of each affected source in accordance with Method 22 of 

appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter. The performance test 

must be conducted while the affected source is in operation.

(ii) If no visible emissions are observed in six consecutive 

monthly tests for any affected source, the owner or operator may 

decrease the frequency of performance testing from monthly to 

semi-annually for that affected source. If visible emissions are 

observed during any semi-annual test, you must resume 

performance testing of that affected source on a monthly basis 

and maintain that schedule until no visible emissions are 

observed in six consecutive monthly tests.

(iii) If no visible emissions are observed during the semiannual test for any affected source, you may decrease the 
Page 69 of 106

frequency of performance testing from semi-annually to annually 

for that affected source. If visible emissions are observed 

during any annual performance test, the owner or operator must 

resume performance testing of that affected source on a monthly 

basis and maintain that schedule until no visible emissions are 

observed in six consecutive monthly tests.

(iv) If visible emissions are observed during any Method 22 

performance test, of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter, 

you must conduct 30 minutes of opacity observations, recorded at 

15-second intervals, in accordance with Method 9 of appendix A-4 

to part 60 of this chapter. The Method 9 performance test, of 

appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter, must begin within 1 

hour of any observation of visible emissions.

(v) Any totally enclosed conveying system transfer point, 

regardless of the location of the transfer point is not required 

to conduct Method 22 visible emissions monitoring under this 

paragraph. The enclosures for these transfer points must be 

operated and maintained as total enclosures on a continuing 

basis in accordance with the facility operations and maintenance 

plan.

(vi) If any partially enclosed or unenclosed conveying system 

transfer point is located in a building, you must conduct a 

Method 22 performance test, of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this 

chapter, according to the requirements of paragraphs (f)(1)(i) 

through (iv) of this section for each such conveying system 

transfer point located within the building, or for the building 

itself, according to paragraph (f)(1)(vii) of this section.

(vii) If visible emissions from a building are monitored, the 

requirements of paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (f)(1)(iv) of this 

section apply to the monitoring of the building, and you must 

also test visible emissions from each side, roof, and vent of 

the building for at least 10 minutes.

(2)(i) For a raw mill or finish mill, you must monitor 

opacity by conducting daily visible emissions observations of 

the mill sweep and air separator PM control devices (PMCD) of 

these affected sources in accordance with the procedures of 

Method 22 of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter. The 

duration of the Method 22 performance test must be 6 minutes.

(ii) Within 24 hours of the end of the Method 22 performance 

test in which visible emissions were observed, the owner or 
Page 70 of 106

operator must conduct a follow up Method 22 performance test of 

each stack from which visible emissions were observed during the 

previous Method 22 performance test.

(iii) If visible emissions are observed during the follow-up 

Method 22 performance test required by paragraph (f)(2)(ii) of 

this section from any stack from which visible emissions were 

observed during the previous Method 22 performance test required 

by paragraph (f)(2)(i) of the section, you must then conduct an 

opacity test of each stack from which emissions were observed 

during the follow up Method 22 performance test in accordance 

with Method 9 of appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter. The 

duration of the Method 9 test must be 30 minutes.

(3) If visible emissions are observed during any Method 22 

visible emissions test conducted under paragraphs (f)(1) or (2) 

of this section, you must initiate, within one-hour, the 

corrective actions specified in your operation and maintenance 

plan as required in § 63.1347.

(4) The requirements under paragraph (f)(2) of this section 

to conduct daily Method 22 testing do not apply to any specific 

raw mill or finish mill equipped with a COMS or BLDS.

(i) If the owner or operator chooses to install a COMS in 

lieu of conducting the daily visible emissions testing required 

under paragraph (f)(2) of this section, then the COMS must be 

installed at the outlet of the PM control device of the raw mill 

or finish mill and the COMS must be installed, maintained, 

calibrated, and operated as required by the general provisions 

in subpart A of this part and according to PS-1 of appendix B to 

part 60 of this chapter.

(ii) If you choose to install a BLDS in lieu of conducting 

the daily visible emissions testing required under paragraph 

(f)(2) of this section, the requirements in paragraphs (m)(1) 

through (m)(4), (m)(10) and (m)(11) of this section apply.

(g) D/F monitoring requirements. If you are subject to an 

emissions limitation on D/F emissions, you must comply with the 

monitoring requirements of paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(6) and 

paragraphs (m)(1) through (m)(4) of this section to demonstrate 

continuous compliance with the D/F emissions standard. You must 

also develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with 

paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(4) of this section.
Page 71 of 106

(1) You must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously 

operate a CMS to record the temperature of the exhaust gases 

from the kiln and alkali bypass, if applicable, at the inlet to, 

or upstream of, the kiln and/or alkali bypass PMCDs.

(i) The temperature recorder response range must include zero 

and 1.5 times the average temperature established according to 

the requirements in § 63.1349(b)(3)(iv).

(ii) The calibration reference for the temperature 

measurement must be a National Institute of Standards and 

Technology calibrated reference thermocouple-potentiometer 

system or alternate reference, subject to approval by the 

Administrator.

(iii) The calibration of all thermocouples and other 

temperature sensors must be verified at least once every three 

months.

(2) You must monitor and continuously record the temperature 

of the exhaust gases from the kiln and alkali bypass, if 

applicable, at the inlet to the kiln and/or alkali bypass PMCD.

(3) The required minimum data collection frequency must be 

one minute.

(4) Calculate the rolling three-hour average temperature 

using the average of 180 successive one-minute average 

temperatures. See § 63.1349(b)(3).

(5) When the operating status of the raw mill of the in-line 

kiln/raw mill is changed from off to on or from on to off, the 

calculation of the three-hour rolling average temperature must 

begin anew, without considering previous recordings.

(h) Monitoring requirements for sources using sorbent 

injection. If you are subject to an operating limit on D/F 

emissions that employs carbon injection as an emission control 

technique, you must comply with the additional monitoring 

requirements of paragraphs (h)(1) and (h)(2) and paragraphs 

(m)(1) through (m)(4) and (m)(9) of this section. You must also 

develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with 

paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(4) of this section.

(1) Install, operate, calibrate, and maintain a continuous 

monitor to record the rate of activated carbon injection. The 
Page 72 of 106

accuracy of the rate measurement device must be ±1 percent of 

the rate being measured.

(i) Verify the calibration of the device at least once every 

three months.

(ii) Each hour, calculate the three-hour rolling average 

activated carbon injection rate for the previous three hours of 

process operation. See § 63.1349(b)(3).

(iii) When the operating status of the raw mill of the inline kiln/raw mill is changed from off to on or from on to off, 

the calculation of the three-hour rolling average activated 

carbon injection rate must begin anew, without considering 

previous recordings.

(2)(i) Install, operate, calibrate, and maintain a continuous 

monitor to record the activated carbon injection system carrier 

gas parameter (either the carrier gas flow rate or the carrier 

gas pressure drop) established during the D/F performance test 

in accordance with § 63.1349(b)(3).

(ii) Each hour, calculate the three-hour rolling average of 

the selected parameter value for the previous 3 hours of process 

operation using all of the one-minute data available ( i.e., the 

CMS is not out-of-control.)

(i) THC Monitoring Requirements. If you are subject to an 

emissions limitation on THC emissions, you must comply with the 

monitoring requirements of paragraphs (i)(1) and (i)(2) and 

(m)(1) through (m)(4) of this section. You must also develop an 

emissions monitoring plan in accordance with paragraphs (p)(1) 

through (p)(4) of this section.

(1) You must install, operate, and maintain a THC continuous 

emission monitoring system in accordance with Performance 

Specification 8 or Performance Specification 8A of appendix B to 

part 60 of this chapter and comply with all of the requirements 

for continuous monitoring systems found in the general 

provisions, subpart A of this part. The owner or operator must 

operate and maintain each CEMS according to the quality 

assurance requirements in Procedure 1 of appendix F in part 60 

of this chapter. For THC continuous emission monitoring systems 

certified under Performance Specification 8A, conduct the 

relative accuracy test audits required under Procedure 1 in 

accordance with Performance Specification 8, Sections 8 and 11 
Page 73 of 106

using Method 25A in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60 as the 

reference method; the relative accuracy must meet the criteria 

of Performance Specification 8, Section 13.2.

(2) Performance tests on alkali bypass and coal mill stacks 

must be conducted using Method 25A in appendix A to 40 CFR part 

60 and repeated every 30 months.

(j) Total organic HAP monitoring requirements. If you are 

complying with the total organic HAP emissions limits, you must 

continuously monitor THC according to paragraph (i)(1) and (2) 

or in accordance with Performance Specification 8 or Performance 

Specification 8A of appendix B to part 60 of this chapter and 

comply with all of the requirements for continuous monitoring 

systems found in the general provisions, subpart A of this part. 

You must operate and maintain each CEMS according to the quality 

assurance requirements in Procedure 1 of appendix F in part 60 

of this chapter. In addition, your must follow the monitoring 

requirements in paragraphs (m)(1) through (4) of this section. 

You must also develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance 

with paragraphs (p)(1) through (4) of this section.

(k) Mercury Monitoring Requirements. If you have a kiln 

subject to an emissions limitation on mercury emissions, you 

must install and operate a mercury continuous emissions 

monitoring system (Hg CEMS) in accordance with Performance 

Specification 12A (PS 12A) of appendix B to part 60 of this 

chapter or an integrated sorbent trap monitoring system in 

accordance with Performance Specification 12B (PS 12B) of 

appendix B to part 60 of this chapter. You must monitor mercury 

continuously according to paragraphs (k)(1) through (5) of this 

section. You must also develop an emissions monitoring plan in 

accordance with paragraphs (p)(1) through (4) of this section.

(1) You must use a span value for any Hg CEMS that represents 

the mercury concentration corresponding to approximately two 

times the emissions standard and may be rounded up to the 

nearest multiple of 5 μg/m3 of total mercury or higher level if 

necessary to include Hg concentrations which may occur 

(excluding concentrations during in-line raw “mill off” 

operation). As specified in PS 12A, Section 6.1.1, the data 

recorder output range must include the full range of expected Hg 

concentration values which would include those expected during 

“mill off” conditions. Engineering judgments made and 

calculations used to determine the corresponding span 

Deleted: annually.

Deleted: 15 

Deleted: (m)

Deleted: (p)

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Page 74 of 106

concentration from the emission standard shall be documented in 

the site-specific monitoring plan and associated records.

(2) In order to quality assure data measured above the span 

value, you must use one of the three options in paragraphs 

(k)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section. Where the options in 

paragraphs (k)(2)(i) or (k)(2)(iii) of this section are employed 

while the kiln is operating in a mill-off mode, the above span 

calibration standard may substitute for a daily upscale 

calibration value provided the data normalization processes in 

paragraph (k)(2)(iii) of this section are not required. If data 

normalization is required the normal daily CEMS high value check 

must be performed to QA/QC the operation of the CEMS for that 

day. Adjustments to CEMS normally required by Procedure 5 when 

daily upscale values are off by 5% or more are exempted in this 

rule, unless (k)(2)(iii) of this section data normalization is 

necessary and a subsequent normal daily calibration check 

demonstrates the need for such adjustment. 

(i) Include a second span that encompasses the Hg emission 

concentrations expected to be encountered during “mill off” 

conditions. This second span may be rounded to a multiple of 5 

μg/m3 of total mercury. The requirements of PS 12A, shall be 

followed for this second span with the exception that a RATA 

with the mill off is not required.

(ii) Quality assure any data above the span value by 

proving instrument linearity beyond the span value established 

in paragraph (k)(1) of this section using the following 

procedure. Conduct a weekly “above span linearity” calibration 

challenge of the monitoring system using a reference gas with a 

certified value greater than your highest expected hourly 

concentration or greater than 75% of the highest measured hourly 

concentration. The “above span” reference gas must meet the 

requirements of PS 12A, Section 7.1 and must be introduced to 

the measurement system at the probe. Record and report the 

results of this procedure as you would for a daily calibration. 

The “above span linearity” challenge is successful if the value 

measured by the Hg CEMS falls within 10 percent of the certified 

value of the reference gas. If the value measured by the Hg CEMS 

during the above span linearity challenge exceeds +/-10 percent 

of the certified value of the reference gas, the monitoring 

system must be evaluated and repaired and a new “above span 

linearity” challenge met before returning the Hg CEMS to 

service, or data above span from the Hg CEMS must be subject to 

the quality assurance procedures established in (k)(2)(iii) of 

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Deleted: two 

Deleted: and 

Commented [SMJ5]: This has become three options instead of 

two, per our discussion on Thursday afternoon.

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Page 75 of 106

this section. In this manner values measured by the Hg CEMS 

during the above span linearity challenge exceeding +/-20% of 

the certified value of the reference gas must be normalized 

using Equation 22.

(iii) Quality assure any data above the span value 

established in paragraph (k)(1) of this section using the 

following procedure. Any time two consecutive one-hour average 

measured concentration of Hg exceeds the span value you must, 

within 24 hours before or after, introduce a higher, “above 

span” Hg reference gas standard to the Hg CEMS. The “above span” 

reference gas must meet the requirements of PS 12A, Section 7.1, 

must target a concentration level between 50 and 150 percent of 

the highest expected hourly concentration measured during the 

period of measurements above span, and must be introduced at the 

probe. While this target represents a desired concentration 

range that is not always achievable in practice it is expected 

that the intent to meet this range is demonstrated by the value 

of the reference gas. Expected values may include above span 

calibrations done before or after the above-span measurement 

period. Record and report the results of this procedure as you 

would for a daily calibration. The “above span” calibration is 

successful if the value measured by the Hg CEMS is within 20 

percent of the certified value of the reference gas. If the 

value measured by the Hg CEMS exceeds 20 percent of the 

certified value of the reference gas, then you must normalize 

the one-hour average stack gas values measured above the span 

during the 24-hour period preceding or following the “above 

span” calibration for reporting based on the Hg CEMS response to 

the reference gas as shown in equation 22:

Certified reference gas value

Measured value of reference gas

x Measured stack gas result

= Normalized stack gas result (Eq. 22)

OnlOnly one `above span' calibration is needed per 24 hour period.

If the `above span' calibration is conducted during the period 

when measured emissions are above span and there is a failure to 

collect the one data point in an hour due to the calibration 

duration, then you must determine the emissions average for that 

missed hour as the average of hourly averages for the hour 

preceding the missed hour and the hour following the missed 

hour. In an hour where an ‘above span’ calibration is being 

conducted and one or more data points are collected, the 

emissions average is represented by the average of all valid 

data points collected in that hour.

Deleted: calibration challenge of the 

monitoring system usingwith a reference 

gascertified with a certified calibration 

value greater than your highest expected 

hourly concentration. The “above span” 

reference gas must meet the requirements of PS 

12A, Section 7.1 and must be introduced to the 

measurement system at the probe. Record and 

report the results of this procedure as you 

would for a daily calibration. The “above 

span linearity” challenge is successful if the 

value measured by the Hg CEMS falls within 10

percent of the certified value of the 

reference gas. If the value measured by the 

Hg CEMS during the above span linearity 

challenge exceeds 10 percent of the certified 

value of the reference gas, the 

monitoringeasurement system must be evaluated 

and repaired and a new “above span linearity” 

challenge met before returning the Hg 

CEMSinstrument to service, or data above span 

from the Hg CEMSinstrument must be quality 

assured using the procedure established in 

(k)(2)(iii). ¶

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Page 76 of 106

(3) You must operate and maintain each Hg CEMS or an 

integrated sorbent trap monitoring system according to the 

quality assurance requirements in Procedure 5 of appendix F to 

part 60 of this chapter. During the RATA of integrated sorbent 

trap monitoring systems required under Procedure 5, you may 

apply the appropriate exception for sorbent trap section 2 

breakthrough in (k)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section:

(i) For stack Hg concentrations >1 μg/dscm, ≤10% of section 1 

mass;

(ii) For stack Hg concentrations ≤1 μg/dscm and >0.5 μg/dscm, 

≤20% of section 1 mass;

(iii) For stack Hg concentrations ≤0.5 μg/dscm and >0.1 

μg/dscm, ≤50% of section 1 mass; and

(iv) For stack Hg concentrations ≤0.1 μg/dscm, no 

breakthrough criterion assuming all other QA/QC specifications 

are met.

(4) Relative accuracy testing of mercury monitoring systems 

under PS 12A, PS 12B, or Procedure 5 must be conducted at normal 

operating conditions. If a facility has an inline raw mill, the 

testing must occur with the raw mill on.

(5) If you use a Hg CEMS or an integrated sorbent trap 

monitoring system, you must install, operate, calibrate, and 

maintain an instrument for continuously measuring and recording 

the exhaust gas flow rate to the atmosphere according to the 

requirements in paragraphs (n)(1) through (10) of this section. 

If kiln gases are diverted through an alkali bypass or to a coal 

mill and exhausted through separate stacks, you must account for 

the mercury emitted from those stacks by following the 

procedures in (k)(5)(i) through (iv) of this section:

(i) Develop a mercury hourly mass emissions rate by 

conducting performance tests annually, within 11 to 13 calendar 

months after the previous performance test, using Method 29, or 

Method 30B, to measure the concentration of mercury in the gases 

exhausted from the alkali bypass and coal mill.

(ii) On a continuous basis, determine the mass emissions of 

mercury in lb/hr from the alkali bypass and coal mill exhausts 

by using the mercury hourly emissions rate, the exhaust gas flow 

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Page 77 of 106

rate and hourly mercury emission rate to calculate hourly 

mercury emissions in lb/hr.

(iii) Sum the hourly mercury emissions from the kiln, alkali 

bypass and coal mill to determine total mercury emissions. Using 

hourly clinker production, calculate the hourly emissions rate 

in pounds per ton of clinker to determine your 30 day rolling 

average.

(iv) If mercury emissions from the coal mill and alkali 

bypass are below the method detection limit for two consecutive 

annual performance tests, you may reduce the frequency of the 

performance tests of coal mills and alkali bypasses to once 

every 30 months. If the measured mercury concentration exceeds 

the method detection limit, you must revert to testing annually 

until two consecutive annual tests are below the method 

detection limit.

(6) If you operate an integrated sorbent trap monitoring 

system conforming to PS 12B, you may use a monitoring period at 

least 24 hours but no longer than 168 hours in length. You 

should use a monitoring period that is a multiple of 24 hours 

(except during relative accuracy testing as allowed in PS 12B).

(l) HCl Monitoring Requirements. If you are subject to an 

emissions limitation on HCl emissions in § 63.1343, you must 

monitor HCl emissions continuously according to paragraph (l)(1) 

or (2) and paragraphs (m)(1) through (4) of this section or, if 

your kiln is controlled using a wet or dry scrubber or tray 

tower, you alternatively may parametrically monitor SO2

emissions continuously according to paragraph (l)(3) of this 

section. You must also develop an emissions monitoring plan in 

accordance with paragraphs (p)(1) through (4) of this section.

(1) If you monitor compliance with the HCl emissions limit 

by operating an HCl CEMS, you must do so in accordance with 

Performance Specification 15 (PS 15) of appendix B to part 60 of 

this chapter, or, upon promulgation, in accordance with any 

other performance specification for HCl CEMS in appendix B to 

part 60 of this chapter. You must operate, maintain, and quality 

assure a HCl CEMS installed and certified under PS 15 according 

to the quality assurance requirements in Procedure 1 of appendix 

F to part 60 of this chapter except that the Relative Accuracy 

Test Audit requirements of Procedure 1 must be replaced with the 

validation requirements and criteria of sections 11.1.1 and 12.0 

of PS 15. When promulgated, if you choose to install and operate 

Deleted: 
Page 78 of 106

an HCl CEMS in accordance with PS 18 of appendix B to part 60 of 

this chapter, you must operate, maintain and quality assure the 

HCl CEMS using the associated Procedure 6 of appendix F to part 

60 of this chapter. For any performance specification that you 

use, you must use Method 321 of appendix A to part 63 of this 

chapter as the reference test method for conducting relative 

accuracy testing. The span value and calibration requirements in 

paragraphs (l)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section apply to all HCl 

CEMS used under this subpart.

 (i) You must use a measurement span value for any HCl CEMS 

of 0-10 ppmvw unless the monitor is installed on a kiln without 

an inline raw mill. Kilns without an inline raw mill may use a 

higher span value sufficient to quantify all expected emissions 

concentrations. The HCl CEMS data recorder output range must 

include the full range of expected HCl concentration values 

which would include those expected during ‘‘mill off’’ 

conditions. The corresponding data recorder range shall be 

documented in the site-specific monitoring plan and associated 

records.

(ii) In order to quality assure data measured above the span 

value, you must use one of the three options in paragraphs 

(l)(1)(ii)(A) through (C) of this section.

 (A)Include a second span that encompasses the HCl emission 

concentrations expected to be encountered during “mill off” 

conditions. This second span may be rounded to a multiple of 5 

ppm of total HCl. The requirements of the appropriate HCl 

monitor performance specification shall be followed for this 

second span with the exception that a RATA with the mill off is 

not required.

 (B)Quality assure any data above the span value by proving 

instrument linearity beyond the span value established in 

paragraph (l)(1)(i) of this section using the following 

procedure. Conduct a weekly “above span linearity” calibration 

challenge of the monitoring system using a reference gas with a 

certified value greater than your highest expected hourly 

concentration or greater than 75% of the highest measured hourly 

concentration. The “above span” reference gas must meet the 

requirements of the applicable performance specification and 

must be introduced to the measurement system at the probe. 

Record and report the results of this procedure as you would for 

a daily calibration. The “above span linearity” challenge is 

successful if the value measured by the HCl CEMS falls within 10 

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Deleted: You must use a span value for any HCl 

CEMS that represents the intended upper limit 

of the HCl concentration measurement range 

during normal inline raw “mill on” operation. 

The span value should be a concentration 

equivalent to approximately two times the 

emissions standard and it may be rounded to 

the nearest multiple of 5 ppm of HCl. The HCl 

CEMS data recorder output range must include 

the full range of expected HCl concentration 

values which would include those expected 

during “mill off” conditions. Engineering 

judgments made and calculations used to 

determine the corresponding span concentration 

from the emission standard shall be documented 

in the site-specific monitoring plan and 

associated records.¶

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Deleted: and 

Deleted: B

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Deleted: (A) 

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0 pt

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Page 79 of 106

percent of the certified value of the reference gas. If the 

value measured by the HCl CEMS during the above span linearity 

challenge exceeds 10 percent of the certified value of the 

reference gas, the monitoring system must be evaluated and 

repaired and a new “above span linearity” challenge met before 

returning the HCl CEMS to service, or data above span from the 

HCl CEMS must be subject to the quality assurance procedures 

established in (l)(1)(D) of this section. In this manner values 

measured by the HCl CEMS during the above span linearity 

challenge exceeding +/-20 percent of the certified value of the 

reference gas must be normalized using Equation 23. 

(C) Quality assure any data above the span value 

established in paragraph (1)(1)(i) of this section using the 

following procedure. Any time two consecutive one-hour average 

measured concentration of HCl exceeds the span value you must, 

within 24 hours before or after, introduce a higher, “above 

span” HCl reference gas standard to the HCl CEMS. The “above 

span” reference gas must meet the requirements of the applicable 

performance specification and target a concentration level 

between 50 and 150 percent of the highest expected hourly 

concentration measured during the period of measurements above 

span, and must be introduced at the probe. While this target 

represents a desired concentration range that is not always 

achievable in practice, it is expected that the intent to meet 

this range is demonstrated by the value of the reference gas. 

Expected values may include above span calibrations done before 

or after the above-span measurement period. Record and report 

the results of this procedure as you would for a daily 

calibration. The `above span' calibration is successful if the 

value measured by the HCl CEMS is within 20 percent of the 

certified value of the reference gas. If the value measured by 

the HCl CEMS is not within 20 percent of the certified value of 

the reference gas, then you must normalize the stack gas values 

measured above span as described in paragraph (l)(1)(ii)(D) of 

this section. If the “above span” calibration is conducted 

during the period when measured emissions are above span and 

there is a failure to collect the one data point in an hour due 

to the calibration duration, then you must determine the 

emissions average for that missed hour as the average of hourly 

averages for the hour preceding the missed hour and the hour 

following the missed hour. In an hour where an “above span” 

calibration is being conducted and one or more data points are 

collected, the emissions average is represented by the average 

of all valid data points collected in that hour.

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Deleted: be quality assured using the 

procedure established in (I)(1)(C). ¶

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Deleted: B

Deleted: Any time the average measured 

concentration of HCl exceeds or is expected to 

exceed the span value for greater than two 

hours you must, within a period 24 hours 

before or after the `above span' period, 

introduce a higher, `above span' HCl reference

gas standard to the HCl CEMS. The `above span' 

reference gas must meet the requirements of 

the applicable performance specification and 

be oftarget a concentration level between 50 

and 100 percent of the highest expected hourly 

concentration measured during the period of 

measurements above span, and must be 

introduced at the probe.

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Deleted: below.

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Page 80 of 106

(D) In the event that the `above span' calibration is not 

successful (i.e., the HCl CEMS measured value is not within 20 

percent of the certified value of the reference gas), then you 

must normalize the one-hour average stack gas values measured 

above the span during the 24-hour period preceding or following 

the `above span' calibration for reporting based on the HCl CEMS 

response to the reference gas as shown in Equation 23:

Certified reference gas value

Measured value of reference gas

x Measured stack gas result

= Normalized stack gas result (Eq. 23)

Only one `above span' calibration is needed per 24-hour period.

(2) Install, operate, and maintain a CMS to monitor wet 

scrubber or tray tower parameters, as specified in paragraphs 

(m)(5) and (7) of this section, and dry scrubber, as specified 

in paragraph (m)(9) of this section.

(3) If the source is equipped with a wet or dry scrubber or 

tray tower, and you choose to monitor SO2 emissions, monitor SO2

emissions continuously according to the requirements of 

§ 60.63(e) through (f) of part 60 subpart F of this chapter. If 

SO2 levels increase above the 30-day rolling average SO2

operating limit established during your performance test, you 

must:

(i) As soon as possible but no later than 48 hours after you 

exceed the established SO2 value conduct an inspection and take 

corrective action to return the SO2 emissions to within the 

operating limit; and

(ii) Within 60 days of the exceedance or at the time of the 

next compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct an HCl 

emissions compliance test to determine compliance with the HCl 

emissions limit and to verify or re-establish the SO2 CEMS 

operating limit.

(m) Parameter monitoring requirements. If you have an 

operating limit that requires the use of a CMS, you must 

install, operate, and maintain each continuous parameter 

monitoring system (CPMS) according to the procedures in 

paragraphs (m)(1) through (4) of this section by the compliance 

date specified in § 63.1351. You must also meet the applicable 

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Page 81 of 106

specific parameter monitoring requirements in paragraphs (m)(5) 

through (11) that are applicable to you.

(1) The CMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of operation 

for each successive 15-minute period. You must have a minimum of 

four successive cycles of operation to have a valid hour of 

data.

(2) You must conduct all monitoring in continuous operation 

at all times that the unit is operating.

(3) Determine the 1-hour block average of all recorded 

readings.

(4) Record the results of each inspection, calibration, and 

validation check.

(5) Liquid flow rate monitoring requirements. If you have an 

operating limit that requires the use of a flow measurement 

device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (m)(5)(i) 

through (iv) of this section.

(i) Locate the flow sensor and other necessary equipment in a 

position that provides a representative flow.

(ii) Use a flow sensor with a measurement sensitivity of 2 

percent of the flow rate.

(iii) Reduce swirling flow or abnormal velocity distributions 

due to upstream and downstream disturbances.

(iv) Conduct a flow sensor calibration check at least 

semiannually.

(6) Specific pressure monitoring requirements. If you have an 

operating limit that requires the use of a pressure measurement 

device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (m)(6)(i) 

through (vi) of this section.

(i) Locate the pressure sensor(s) in a position that provides 

a representative measurement of the pressure.

(ii) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, and 

internal and external corrosion.
Page 82 of 106

(iii) Use a gauge with a minimum tolerance of 1.27 

centimeters of water or a transducer with a minimum tolerance of 

1 percent of the pressure range.

(iv) Check pressure tap pluggage daily.

(v) Using a manometer, check gauge calibration quarterly and 

transducer calibration monthly.

(vi) Conduct calibration checks any time the sensor exceeds 

the manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range or 

install a new pressure sensor.

(7) Specific pH monitoring requirements. If you have an 

operating limit that requires the use of a pH measurement 

device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (m)(7)(i) 

through (iii) of this section.

(i) Locate the pH sensor in a position that provides a 

representative measurement of wet scrubber or tray tower 

effluent pH.

(ii) Ensure the sample is properly mixed and representative 

of the fluid to be measured.

(iii) Check the pH meter's calibration on at least two points 

every 8 hours of process operation.

(8) [Reserved]

(9) Mass flow rate (for sorbent injection) monitoring 

requirements. If you have an operating limit that requires the 

use of equipment to monitor sorbent injection rate ( e.g., weigh 

belt, weigh hopper, or hopper flow measurement device), you must 

meet the requirements in paragraphs (m)(9)(i) through (iii) of 

this section. These requirements also apply to the sorbent 

injection equipment of a dry scrubber.

(i) Locate the device in a position(s) that provides a 

representative measurement of the total sorbent injection rate.

(ii) Install and calibrate the device in accordance with 

manufacturer's procedures and specifications.
Page 83 of 106

(iii) At least annually, calibrate the device in accordance 

with the manufacturer's procedures and specifications.

(10) Bag leak detection monitoring requirements. If you elect 

to use a fabric filter bag leak detection system to comply with 

the requirements of this subpart, you must install, calibrate, 

maintain, and continuously operate a BLDS as specified in 

paragraphs (m)(10)(i) through (viii) of this section.

(i) You must install and operate a BLDS for each exhaust 

stack of the fabric filter.

(ii) Each BLDS must be installed, operated, calibrated, and 

maintained in a manner consistent with the manufacturer's 

written specifications and recommendations and in accordance 

with the guidance provided in EPA-454/R-98-015, September 1997.

(iii) The BLDS must be certified by the manufacturer to be 

capable of detecting PM emissions at concentrations of 10 or 

fewer milligrams per actual cubic meter.

(iv) The BLDS sensor must provide output of relative or 

absolute PM loadings.

(v) The BLDS must be equipped with a device to continuously 

record the output signal from the sensor.

(vi) The BLDS must be equipped with an alarm system that will 

alert an operator automatically when an increase in relative PM 

emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be 

located such that the alert is detected and recognized easily by 

an operator.

(vii) For positive pressure fabric filter systems that do not 

duct all compartments of cells to a common stack, a BLDS must be 

installed in each baghouse compartment or cell.

(viii) Where multiple bag leak detectors are required, the 

system's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among 

detectors.

(11) For each BLDS, the owner or operator must initiate 

procedures to determine the cause of every alarm within 8 hours 

of the alarm. The owner or operator must alleviate the cause of 

the alarm within 24 hours of the alarm by taking whatever 
Page 84 of 106

corrective action(s) are necessary. Corrective actions may 

include, but are not limited to the following:

(i) Inspecting the fabric filter for air leaks, torn or

broken bags or filter media, or any other condition that may 

cause an increase in PM emissions;

(ii) Sealing off defective bags or filter media;

(iii) Replacing defective bags or filter media or otherwise 

repairing the control device;

(iv) Sealing off a defective fabric filter compartment;

(v) Cleaning the BLDS probe or otherwise repairing the BLDS; 

or

(vi) Shutting down the process producing the PM emissions.

(n) Continuous Flow Rate Monitoring System. You must install, 

operate, calibrate, and maintain instruments, according to the 

requirements in paragraphs (n)(1) through (10) of this section, 

for continuously measuring and recording the stack gas flow rate 

to allow determination of the pollutant mass emissions rate to 

the atmosphere from sources subject to an emissions limitation 

that has a pounds per ton of clinker unit and that is required 

to be monitored by a CEMS.

(1) You must install each sensor of the flow rate monitoring 

system in a location that provides representative measurement of 

the exhaust gas flow rate at the sampling location of the 

mercury CEMS, taking into account the manufacturer's 

recommendations. The flow rate sensor is that portion of the 

system that senses the volumetric flow rate and generates an 

output proportional to that flow rate.

(2) The flow rate monitoring system must be designed to 

measure the exhaust flow rate over a range that extends from a 

value of at least 20 percent less than the lowest expected 

exhaust flow rate to a value of at least 20 percent greater than 

the highest expected exhaust flow rate.

(3) [Reserved]

(4) The flow rate monitoring system must be equipped with a 

data acquisition and recording system that is capable of 

Deleted: or PM 
Page 85 of 106

recording values over the entire range specified in paragraph 

(n)(2) of this section.

(5) The signal conditioner, wiring, power supply, and data 

acquisition and recording system for the flow rate monitoring 

system must be compatible with the output signal of the flow 

rate sensors used in the monitoring system.

(6) The flow rate monitoring system must be designed to 

complete a minimum of one cycle of operation for each successive 

15-minute period.

(7) The flow rate sensor must have provisions to determine 

the daily zero and upscale calibration drift (CD) ( see sections 

3.1 and 8.3 of Performance Specification 2 in appendix B to Part 

60 of this chapter for a discussion of CD).

(i) Conduct the CD tests at two reference signal levels, zero 

(e.g., 0 to 20 percent of span) and upscale (e.g., 50 to 70 

percent of span).

(ii) The absolute value of the difference between the flow 

monitor response and the reference signal must be equal to or 

less than 3 percent of the flow monitor span.

(8) You must perform an initial relative accuracy test of the 

flow rate monitoring system according to Section 8.2 of 

Performance Specification 6 of appendix B to part 60 of the 

chapter with the exceptions in paragraphs (n)(8)(i) and 

(n)(8)(ii) of this section.

(i) The relative accuracy test is to evaluate the flow rate 

monitoring system alone rather than a continuous emission rate 

monitoring system.

(ii) The relative accuracy of the flow rate monitoring system 

shall be no greater than 10 percent of the mean value of the 

reference method data.

(9) You must verify the accuracy of the flow rate monitoring 

system at least once per year by repeating the relative accuracy 

test specified in paragraph (n)(8).

(10) You must operate the flow rate monitoring system and 

record data during all periods of operation of the affected 

facility including periods of startup, shutdown, and 

Deleted: 1

Formatted: Font: (Default) Courier New, 12 pt
Page 86 of 106

malfunction, except for periods of monitoring system 

malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system 

malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance 

or quality control activities (including, as applicable, 

calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).

(o) Alternate monitoring requirements approval. You may 

submit an application to the Administrator for approval of 

alternate monitoring requirements to demonstrate compliance with 

the emission standards of this subpart, subject to the 

provisions of paragraphs (o)(1) through (6) of this section.

(1) The Administrator will not approve averaging periods 

other than those specified in this section, unless you document, 

using data or information, that the longer averaging period will 

ensure that emissions do not exceed levels achieved during the 

performance test over any increment of time equivalent to the 

time required to conduct three runs of the performance test.

(2) If the application to use an alternate monitoring 

requirement is approved, you must continue to use the original 

monitoring requirement until approval is received to use another 

monitoring requirement.

(3) You must submit the application for approval of alternate 

monitoring requirements no later than the notification of 

performance test. The application must contain the information 

specified in paragraphs (o)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section:

(i) Data or information justifying the request, such as the 

technical or economic infeasibility, or the impracticality of 

using the required approach;

(ii) A description of the proposed alternative monitoring 

requirement, including the operating parameter to be monitored, 

the monitoring approach and technique, the averaging period for 

the limit, and how the limit is to be calculated; and

(iii) Data or information documenting that the alternative 

monitoring requirement would provide equivalent or better 

assurance of compliance with the relevant emission standard.

(4) The Administrator will notify you of the approval or 

denial of the application within 90 calendar days after receipt 

of the original request, or within 60 calendar days of the 

receipt of any supplementary information, whichever is later. 

Deleted: except for emission standards for THC, 

Deleted: m
Page 87 of 106

The Administrator will not approve an alternate monitoring 

application unless it would provide equivalent or better 

assurance of compliance with the relevant emission standard. 

Before disapproving any alternate monitoring application, the 

Administrator will provide:

(i) Notice of the information and findings upon which the 

intended disapproval is based; and

(ii) Notice of opportunity for you to present additional 

supporting information before final action is taken on the 

application. This notice will specify how much additional time 

is allowed for you to provide additional supporting information.

(5) You are responsible for submitting any supporting 

information in a timely manner to enable the Administrator to 

consider the application prior to the performance test. Neither 

submittal of an application, nor the Administrator's failure to 

approve or disapprove the application relieves you of the 

responsibility to comply with any provision of this subpart.

(6) The Administrator may decide at any time, on a case-bycase basis that additional or alternative operating limits, or 

alternative approaches to establishing operating limits, are 

necessary to demonstrate compliance with the emission standards 

of this subpart.

(p) Development and submittal (upon request) of monitoring 

plans. If you demonstrate compliance with any applicable 

emissions limit through performance stack testing or other 

emissions monitoring, you must develop a site-specific 

monitoring plan according to the requirements in paragraphs 

(p)(1) through (4) of this section. This requirement also 

applies to you if you petition the EPA Administrator for 

alternative monitoring parameters under paragraph (o) of this 

section and § 63.8(f). If you use a BLDS, you must also meet the 

requirements specified in paragraph (p)(5) of this section.

(1) For each CMS required in this section, you must develop, 

and submit to the permitting authority for approval upon 

request, a site-specific monitoring plan that addresses 

paragraphs (p)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section. You must 

submit this site-specific monitoring plan, if requested, at 

least 30 days before your initial performance evaluation of your 

CMS.
Page 88 of 106

(i) Installation of the CMS sampling probe or other interface 

at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit 

such that the measurement is representative of control of the 

exhaust emissions (e.g., on or downstream of the last control 

device);

(ii) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample 

interface, the pollutant concentration or parametric signal 

analyzer, and the data collection and reduction systems; and

(iii) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance 

criteria (e.g., calibrations).

(2) In your site-specific monitoring plan, you must also 

address paragraphs (p)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section.

(i) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in 

accordance with the general requirements of § 63.8(c)(1), 

(c)(3), and (c)(4)(ii);

(ii) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance 

with the general requirements of § 63.8(d); and

(iii) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in 

accordance with the general requirements of § 63.10(c), (e)(1), 

and (e)(2)(i).

(3) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each CMS in 

accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan.

(4) You must operate and maintain the CMS in continuous 

operation according to the site-specific monitoring plan.

(5) BLDS monitoring plan. Each monitoring plan must describe 

the items in paragraphs (p)(5)(i) through (v) of this section. 

At a minimum, you must retain records related to the sitespecific monitoring plan and information discussed in paragraphs 

(m)(1) through (4), (m)(10) and (11) of this section for a 

period of 5 years, with at least the first 2 years on-site;

(i) Installation of the BLDS;

(ii) Initial and periodic adjustment of the BLDS, including 

how the alarm set-point will be established;
Page 89 of 106

(iii) Operation of the BLDS, including quality assurance 

procedures;

(iv) How the BLDS will be maintained, including a routine 

maintenance schedule and spare parts inventory list;

(v) How the BLDS output will be recorded and stored.

[75 FR 55059, Sept. 9, 2010, as amended at 76 FR 2836, Jan. 18, 

2011; 78 FR 10048, Feb. 12, 2013]

§ 63.1351 Compliance dates.

(a) The compliance date for any affected existing source 

subject to any rule requirements that were in effect before 

December 20, 2006, is:

(1) June 14, 2002, for sources that commenced construction 

before or on March 24, 1998, or

(2) June 14, 1999 or startup for sources that commenced 

construction after March 24, 1998.

(b) The compliance date for any affected existing source 

subject to any rule requirements that became effective on 

December 20, 2006, is:

(1) December 21, 2009, for sources that commenced 

construction after December 2, 2005 and before or on December 

20, 2006, or

(2) Startup for sources that commenced construction after 

December 20, 2006.

(c) The compliance date for existing sources for all the 

requirements that became effective on February 12, 2013, except 

for the open clinker pile requirements will be September 9, 

2015.

(d) The compliance date for new sources is February 12, 2013, 

or startup, whichever is later.

(e) The compliance date for existing sources with the 

requirements for open clinker storage piles in § 63.1343(c) is 

February 12, 2014.
Page 90 of 106

§ 63.1352 Additional test methods.

(a) If you are conducting tests to determine the rates of 

emission of HCl from kilns and associated bypass stacks at 

portland cement manufacturing facilities, for use in 

applicability determinations under § 63.1340, you may use Method 

320 or Method 321 of appendix A of this part.

(b) Owners or operators conducting tests to determine the 

rates of emission of specific organic HAP from raw material 

dryers, and kilns at Portland cement manufacturing facilities, 

solely for use in applicability determinations under § 63.1340 

of this subpart are permitted to use Method 320 of appendix A to 

this part, or Method 18 of appendix A to part 60 of this 

chapter.

Notification, Reporting and Recordkeeping

§ 63.1353 Notification requirements.

(a) The notification provisions of 40 CFR part 63, subpart A 

that apply and those that do not apply to owners and operators 

of affected sources subject to this subpart are listed in Table 

1 of this subpart. If any State requires a notice that contains 

all of the information required in a notification listed in this 

section, the owner or operator may send the Administrator a copy 

of the notice sent to the State to satisfy the requirements of 

this section for that notification.

(b) Each owner or operator subject to the requirements of 

this subpart shall comply with the notification requirements in 

§ 63.9 as follows:

(1) Initial notifications as required by § 63.9(b) through 

(d). For the purposes of this subpart, a Title V or 40 CFR part 

70 permit application may be used in lieu of the initial 

notification required under § 63.9(b), provided the same 

information is contained in the permit application as required 

by § 63.9(b), and the State to which the permit application has 

been submitted has an approved operating permit program under 

part 70 of this chapter and has received delegation of authority 

from the EPA. Permit applications shall be submitted by the same 

due dates as those specified for the initial notification.

Deleted: [76 FR 2836, Jan. 18, 2011, as amended 

at 78 FR 10053, Feb. 12, 2013]¶

Deleted: [75 FR 55063, Sept. 9, 2010, as 

amended at 78 FR 10053, Feb. 12, 2013]¶

¶
Page 91 of 106

(2) Notification of performance tests, as required by §§ 63.7 

and 63.9(e).

(3) Notification of opacity and visible emission observations 

required by § 63.1349 in accordance with §§ 63.6(h)(5) and 

63.9(f).

(4) Notification, as required by § 63.9(g), of the date that 

the continuous emission monitor performance evaluation required 

by § 63.8(e) is scheduled to begin.

(5) Notification of compliance status, as required by 

§ 63.9(h).

(6) Within 48 hours of an exceedance that triggers retesting 

to establish compliance and new operating limits, notify the 

appropriate permitting agency of the planned performance tests. 

The notification requirements of §§ 63.7(b) and 63.9(e) do not 

apply to retesting required for exceedances under this subpart.

§ 63.1354 Reporting requirements.

(a) The reporting provisions of subpart A of this part that 

apply and those that do not apply to owners or operators of 

affected sources subject to this subpart are listed in Table 1 

of this subpart. If any State requires a report that contains 

all of the information required in a report listed in this 

section, the owner or operator may send the Administrator a copy 

of the report sent to the State to satisfy the requirements of 

this section for that report.

(b) The owner or operator of an affected source shall comply 

with the reporting requirements specified in § 63.10 of the 

general provisions of this part 63, subpart A as follows:

(1) As required by § 63.10(d)(2), the owner or operator shall 

report the results of performance tests as part of the 

notification of compliance status.

(2) As required by § 63.10(d)(3), the owner or operator of an 

affected source shall report the opacity results from tests 

required by § 63.1349.

Deleted: [64 FR 31925, June 14, 1999, as 

amended at 78 FR 10053, Feb. 12, 2013]¶
Page 92 of 106

(3) As required by § 63.10(d)(4), the owner or operator of an 

affected source who is required to submit progress reports as a 

condition of receiving an extension of compliance under 

§ 63.6(i) shall submit such reports by the dates specified in 

the written extension of compliance.

(4)—(5) [Reserved]

(6) As required by § 63.10(e)(2), the owner or operator shall 

submit a written report of the results of the performance 

evaluation for the continuous monitoring system required by 

§ 63.8(e). The owner or operator shall submit the report 

simultaneously with the results of the performance test.

(7) As required by § 63.10(e)(2), the owner or operator of an 

affected source using a continuous opacity monitoring system to 

determine opacity compliance during any performance test 

required under § 63.7 and described in § 63.6(d)(6) shall report 

the results of the continuous opacity monitoring system 

performance evaluation conducted under § 63.8(e).

(8) As required by § 63.10(e)(3), the owner or operator of an 

affected source equipped with a continuous emission monitor 

shall submit an excess emissions and continuous monitoring 

system performance report for any event when the continuous 

monitoring system data indicate the source is not in compliance 

with the applicable emission limitation or operating parameter 

limit.

(9) The owner or operator shall submit a summary report 

semiannually to the EPA via the Compliance and Emissions Data 

Reporting Interface (CEDRI). (CEDRI can be accessed through the 

EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) (www.epa.gov/cdx).) You must 

use the appropriate electronic report in CEDRI for this subpart. 

Instead of using the electronic report in CEDRI for this 

subpart, you may submit an alternate electronic file consistent 

with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the 

CEDRI website (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/cedri/index.html), 

once the XML schema is available. If the reporting form specific 

to this subpart is not available in CEDRI at the time that the 

report is due, you must submit the report the Administrator at 

the appropriate address listed in § 63.13. You must begin 

submitting reports via CEDRI no later than 90 days after the 

form becomes available in CEDRI. The reports must be submitted 

Formatted: Default Paragraph Font, Font: (Default) Courier

New, 12 pt

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Page 93 of 106

by the deadline specified in this subpart, regardless of the 

method in which the reports are submitted. 

The report must contain the information specified in 

§63.10(e)(3)(vi). In addition, the summary report shall include:

(i) All exceedances of maximum control device inlet gas 

temperature limits specified in § 63.1346(a) and (b);

(ii) Notification of any failure to calibrate thermocouples 

and other temperature sensors as required under 

§ 63.1350(g)(1)(iii) of this subpart; and

(iii) Notification of any failure to maintain the activated 

carbon injection rate, and the activated carbon injection 

carrier gas flow rate or pressure drop, as applicable, as 

required under § 63.1346(c)(2).

(iv) Notification of failure to conduct any combustion system 

component inspections conducted within the reporting period as 

required under § 63.1347(a)(3).

(v) Any and all failures to comply with any provision of the 

operation and maintenance plan developed in accordance with 

§ 63.1347(a).

(vi) For each PM CPMS, HCl, Hg, and THC CEMS, D/F temperature 

monitoring system, or Hg sorbent trap monitoring system, within 

60 days after the reporting periods, you must submit reports to 

the EPA's WebFIRE database by using the Compliance and Emissions 

Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI) that is accessed through the 

EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) ( www.epa.gov/cdx ). You must 

use the appropriate electronic reporting form in CEDRI or 

provide an alternate electronic file consistent with the EPA's 

reporting form output format. For each reporting period, the 

reports must include all of the calculated 30-operating day 

rolling average values derived from the CEMS or Hg sorbent trap 

monitoring systems.

(vii) In response to each violation of an emissions standard 

or established operating parameter limit, the date, duration and 

description of each violation and the specific actions taken for 

each violation including inspections, corrective actions and 

repeat performance tests and the results of those actions.

Deleted: The owner or operator shall submit a 

summary report semiannually which contains the 

information specified in § 63.10(e)(3)(vi). In 

addition, the summary report shall include:¶

Deleted: exceedences

Deleted: 1344

Deleted: All failures

Deleted: f)(7

Deleted: )

Deleted: All failures

Deleted: 4

Deleted: The results of 

Deleted: 1350(i).

Deleted: A

Deleted: 1350(a).
Page 94 of 106

(viii) Within 60 days after the date of completing each CEMS 

performance evaluation test as defined in §63.2, you must submit 

relative accuracy test audit (RATA) data to the EPA's CDX by 

using CEDRI in accordance with paragraph (b)(9) of this section. 

Only RATA pollutants that can be documented with the ERT (as 

listed on the ERT Web site) are subject to this requirement. For 

any performance evaluations with no corresponding RATA 

pollutants listed on the ERT Web site, you must submit the

results of the performance evaluation to the Administrator at 

the appropriate address listed in §63.13.

(ix) For PM performance test reports used to set a PM CPMS 

operating limit, the electronic submission of the test report 

must also include the make and model of the PM CPMS instrument, 

serial number of the instrument, analytical principle of the 

instrument (e.g. beta attenuation), span of the instruments 

primary analytical range, milliamp value equivalent to the 

instrument zero output, technique by which this zero value was 

determined, and the average milliamp signals corresponding to 

each PM compliance test run.

(x) All reports required by this subpart not subject to the 

requirements in paragraphs (b)(9) introductory text and 

(b)(9)(viii) of this section must be sent to the Administrator 

at the appropriate address listed in §63.13. The Administrator 

or the delegated authority may request a report in any form 

suitable for the specific case (e.g., by commonly used 

electronic media such as Excel spreadsheet, on CD or hard copy). 

The Administrator retains the right to require submittal of 

reports subject to paragraph (b)(9) and (b)(9)(viii) of this 

section in paper format.

(10) If the total continuous monitoring system downtime for 

any CEM or any continuous monitoring system (CMS) for the 

reporting period is ten percent or greater of the total 

operating time for the reporting period, the owner or operator 

shall submit an excess emissions and continuous monitoring 

system performance report along with the summary report.

(c) Reporting a failure to meet a standard due to a 

malfunction. For each failure to meet a standard or emissions 

limit caused by a malfunction at an affected source, you must 

report the failure in the semi-annual compliance report required 

by § 63.1354(b)(9). The report must contain the date, time and 

duration, and the cause of each event (including unknown cause, 

if applicable), and a sum of the number of events in the 
Page 95 of 106

reporting period. The report must list for each event the 

affected source or equipment, an estimate of the volume of each 

regulated pollutant emitted over the emission limit for which 

the source failed to meet a standard, and a description of the 

method used to estimate the emissions. The report must also 

include a description of actions taken by an owner or operator 

during a malfunction of an affected source to minimize emissions 

in accordance with § 63.1348(d), including actions taken to 

correct a malfunction.

§ 63.1355 Recordkeeping requirements.

(a) The owner or operator shall maintain files of all 

information (including all reports and notifications) required 

by this section recorded in a form suitable and readily 

available for inspection and review as required by 

§ 63.10(b)(1). The files shall be retained for at least five 

years following the date of each occurrence, measurement, 

maintenance, corrective action, report, or record. At a minimum, 

the most recent two years of data shall be retained on site. The 

remaining three years of data may be retained off site. The 

files may be maintained on microfilm, on a computer, on floppy 

disks, on magnetic tape, or on microfiche.

(b) The owner or operator shall maintain records for each 

affected source as required by § 63.10(b)(2) and (b)(3) of this 

part; and

(1) All documentation supporting initial notifications and 

notifications of compliance status under § 63.9;

(2) All records of applicability determination, including 

supporting analyses; and

(3) If the owner or operator has been granted a waiver under 

§ 63.8(f)(6), any information demonstrating whether a source is 

meeting the requirements for a waiver of recordkeeping or 

reporting requirements.

(c) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements in 

paragraph (b) of this section, the owner or operator of an 

affected source equipped with a continuous monitoring system 

shall maintain all records required by § 63.10(c).

Deleted: [64 FR 31925, June 14, 1999, as 

amended at 75 FR 55063, Sept. 9, 2010; 78 FR 

10053, Feb. 12, 2013]¶
Page 96 of 106

(d) Reserve

(e) You must keep records of the daily clinker production 

rates and kiln feed rates.

(f) You must keep records of the date, time and duration of 

each startup or shutdown period for any affected source that is 

subject to a standard during startup or shutdown that differs 

from the standard applicable at other times, and the quantity of 

feed and fuel used during the startup or shutdown period.

(g)(1) You must keep records of the date, time and duration 

of each malfunction that causes an affected source to fail to 

meet an applicable standard; if there was also a monitoring 

malfunction, the date, time and duration of the monitoring 

malfunction; the record must list the affected source or 

equipment, an estimate of the volume of each regulated pollutant 

emitted over the standard for which the source failed to meet a 

standard, and a description of the method used to estimate the 

emissions.

(2) You must keep records of actions taken during periods of 

malfunction to minimize emissions in accordance with 

§ 63.1348(d) including corrective actions to restore 

malfunctioning process and air pollution control and monitoring 

equipment to its normal or usual manner of operation.

(h) For each exceedance from an emissions standard or 

established operating parameter limit, you must keep records of 

the date, duration and description of each exceedance and the 

specific actions taken for each exceedance including 

inspections, corrective actions and repeat performance tests and 

the results of those actions.

Other

§ 63.1356 Sources with multiple emissions limit or monitoring 

requirements.

If you have an affected source subject to this subpart with a 

different emissions limit or requirement for the same pollutant 

under another regulation in title 40 of this chapter, once you 

are in compliance with the most stringent emissions limit or 

Deleted: You must keep annual records of the 

amount of CKD which is removed from the kiln 

system and either disposed of as solid waste 

or otherwise recycled for a beneficial use 

outside of the kiln system.

Formatted: Font: (Default) Courier New, 12 pt

Deleted: [64 FR 31925, June 14, 1999, as 

amended at 71 FR 76552, Dec. 20, 2006; 75 FR 

55064, Sept. 9, 2010; 78 FR 10053, Feb. 12, 

2013]¶
Page 97 of 106

requirement, you are not subject to the less stringent 

requirement. Until you are in compliance with the more stringent 

limit, the less stringent limit continues to apply.

§ 63.1357 [Reserved]

§ 63.1358 Implementation and enforcement.

(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the U.S. 

EPA, or a delegated authority such as the applicable State, 

local, or Tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has 

delegated authority to a State, local, or Tribal agency, then 

that agency, in addition to the U.S. EPA, has the authority to 

implement and enforce this subpart. Contact the applicable U.S. 

EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is delegated to 

a State, local, or Tribal agency.

(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of 

this subpart to a State, local, or Tribal agency under subpart E 

of this part, the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this 

section are retained by the Administrator of U.S. EPA and cannot 

be transferred to the State, local, or Tribal agency.

(c) The authorities that cannot be delegated to State, local, 

or Tribal agencies are as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through 

(4) of this section.

(1) Approval of alternatives to the requirements in 

§§ 63.1340, 63.1342 through 63.1348, and 63.1351.

(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods under 

§ 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f), as defined in § 63.90, and as required 

in this subpart.

(3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring under 

§ 63.8(f), as defined in § 63.90, and as required in this 

subpart.

(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and 

reporting under § 63.10(f), as defined in § 63.90, and as 

required in this subpart.

[68 FR 37359, June 23, 2003]

Formatted: Font: (Default) Courier New, 12 pt

Deleted: If an affected facility subject to 

this subpart has a different emissions limit 

or requirement for the same pollutant under 

another regulation in title 40 of this 

chapter, the owner or operator of the affected 

facility must comply with the most stringent 

emissions limit or requirement and is exempt 

from the less stringent requirement.¶

Deleted: [78 FR 10053, Feb. 12, 2013]¶

Deleted: Temporary, conditioned exemption from 

particulate matter and opacity standards.¶

(a) Subject to the limitations of paragraphs 

(b) through (f) of this section, an owner or 

operator conducting PM CEMS correlation tests 

(that is, correlation with manual stack 

methods) is exempt from:¶

(1) Any PM and opacity standards of part 60 or 

part 63 of this chapter that are applicable to 

cement kilns and clinker coolers.¶

(2) Any permit or other emissions or operating 

parameter or other limitation on workplace 

practices that are applicable to cement kilns 

and clinker coolers to ensure compliance with 

any PM and opacity standards of this part or 

part 60 of this chapter.¶

(b) The owner or operator must develop a PM 

CEMS correlation test plan. The plan must be 

submitted to the Administrator for approval at 

least 90 days before the correlation test is 

scheduled to be conducted. The plan must 

include:¶

(1) The number of test conditions and the 

number of runs for each test condition;¶

(2) The target particulate matter emission 

level for each test condition;¶

(3) How the operation of the affected source 

will be modified to attain the desired 

particulate matter emission rate; and¶

(4) The anticipated normal particulate matter 

emission level.¶

(c) The Administrator will review and approve 

or disapprove the correlation test plan in 

accordance with § 63.7(c)(3)(i) and (iii). If 

the Administrator fails to approve or 

disapprove the correlation test plan within 

the time period specified in 

§ 63.7(c)(3)(iii), the plan shall be 

considered approved, unless the Administrator 

has requested additional information.¶

(d) The stack sampling team must be on-site 

and prepared to perform correlation testing no 

later than 24 hours after operations are 

modified to attain the desired particulate 

matter emissions concentrations, unless the 

correlation test plan documents that a longer 

period is appropriate.¶

(e) The PM and opacity standards and 

associated operating limits and conditions 

will not be waived for more than 96 hours, in 

the aggregate, for the purposes of conducting 

tests to correlate PM CEMS with manual method 

test results, including all runs and 

conditions, except as described in this ...

Deleted: [64 FR 31925, June 14, 1999, as 

amended at 67 FR 16622, Apr. 5, 2002; 78 FR 

10054, Feb. 12, 2013]¶

¶
Page 98 of 106

§ 63.1359 [Reserved]

Table 1 to Subpart LLL of Part 63—Applicability of General 

Provisions

Citation Requirement

Applies 

to

subpart 

LLL Explanation

63.1(a)(1)-(4) Applicability Yes

63.1(a)(5) No [Reserved]

63.1(a)(6)-(8) Applicability Yes

63.1(a)(9) No [Reserved]

63.1(a)(10)-

(14)

Applicability Yes

63.1(b)(1) Initial Applicability 

Determination

No § 63.1340 

specifies 

applicability.

63.1(b)(2)-(3) Initial Applicability

Determination

Yes

63.1(c)(1) Applicability After 

Standard Established

Yes

63.1(c)(2) Permit Requirements Yes Area sources 

must obtain 

Title V 

permits.

63.1(c)(3) No [Reserved]

63.1(c)(4)-(5) Extensions, Notifications Yes.

63.1(d) No [Reserved]

63.1(e) Applicability of Permit 

Program

Yes

63.2 Definitions Yes Additional 

definitions in 

§ 63.1341.
Page 99 of 106

63.3(a)-(c) Units and Abbreviations Yes

63.4(a)(1)-(3) Prohibited Activities Yes

63.4(a)(4) No [Reserved]

63.4(a)(5) Compliance date Yes

63.4(b)-(c) Circumvention, 

Severability

Yes

63.5(a)(1)-(2) Construction/Reconstructi

on

Yes

63.5(b)(1) Compliance Dates Yes

63.5(b)(2) No [Reserved]

63.5(b)(3)-(6) Construction Approval, 

Applicability

Yes

63.5(c) No [Reserved]

63.5(d)(1)-(4) Approval of 

Construction/Reconstructi

on

Yes

63.5(e) Approval of 

Construction/Reconstructi

on

Yes

63.5(f)(1)-(2) Approval of 

Construction/Reconstructi

on

Yes

63.6(a) Compliance for Standards 

and Maintenance

Yes

63.6(b)(1)-(5) Compliance Dates Yes

63.6(b)(6) No [Reserved]

63.6(b)(7) Compliance Dates Yes

63.6(c)(1)-(2) Compliance Dates Yes

63.6(c)(3)-(4) No [Reserved]

63.6(c)(5) Compliance Dates Yes

63.6(d) No [Reserved]

63.6(e)(1)-(2) Operation & Maintenance No See§ 63.1348(d

) for general 

duty 

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requirement. 

Any reference 

to 

§ 63.6(e)(1)(i

) in other 

General 

Provisions or 

in this 

subpart is to 

be treated as 

a crossreference to 

§ 63.1348(d).

63.6(e)(3) Startup, Shutdown 

Malfunction Plan

No Your 

operations and 

maintenance 

plan must 

address 

periods of 

startup and 

shutdown. See 

§ 63.1347(a)(1

).

63.6(f)(1) Compliance with Emission 

Standards

No Compliance 

obligations 

specified in 

subpart LLL.

63.6(f)(2)-(3) Compliance with Emission 

Standards

Yes

63.6(g)(1)-(3) Alternative Standard Yes

63.6(h)(1) Opacity/VE Standards No Compliance 

obligations 

specified in 

subpart LLL.

63.6(h)(2) Opacity/VE Standards Yes

63.6(h)(3) No [Reserved]

63.6(h)(4)-

(h)(5)(i)

Opacity/VE Standards Yes

63.6(h)(5)(ii)

-(iv)

Opacity/VE Standards No Test duration 

specified in 

subpart LLL.

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63.6(h)(6) Opacity/VE Standards Yes

63.6(h)(7) Opacity/VE Standards Yes

63.6(i)(1)-

(14)

Extension of Compliance Yes

63.6(i)(15) No [Reserved]

63.6(i)(16) Extension of Compliance Yes

63.6(j) Exemption from Compliance Yes

63.7(a)(1)-(3) Performance Testing 

Requirements

Yes § 63.1349 has 

specific 

requirements. 

63.7(b) Notification period Yes Except for 

repeat 

performance 

test caused by 

an exceedance. 

See 

§ 63.1353(b)(6

)

63.7(c) Quality Assurance/Test 

Plan

Yes

63.7(d) Testing Facilities Yes

63.7(e)(1) Conduct of Tests No See§ 63.1349(e

). Any 

reference to 

63.7(e)(1) in 

other General 

Provisions or 

in this 

subpart is to 

be treated as 

a crossreference to 

§ 63.1349(e).

63.7(e)(2)-(4) Conduct of tests Yes

63.7(f) Alternative Test Method Yes

63.7(g) Data Analysis Yes

63.7(h) Waiver of Tests Yes

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63.8(a)(1) Monitoring Requirements Yes

63.8(a)(2) Monitoring No § 63.1350 

includes CEMS 

requirements.

63.8(a)(3) No [Reserved]

63.8(a)(4) Monitoring No Flares not 

applicable.

63.8(b)(1)-(3) Conduct of Monitoring Yes

63.8(c)(1)-(8) CMS Operation/Maintenance Yes Temperature 

and activated 

carbon 

injection 

monitoring 

data reduction 

requirements 

given in 

subpart LLL.

63.8(d) Quality Control Yes, 

except 

for the 

referenc

e to the 

SSM Plan 

in the 

last 

sentence

63.8(e) Performance Evaluation 

for CMS

Yes

63.8(f)(1)-(5) Alternative Monitoring 

Method

Yes Additional 

requirements 

in 

§ 63.1350(l).

63.8(f)(6) Alternative to RATA Test Yes

63.8(g) Data Reduction Yes

63.9(a) Notification Requirements Yes

63.9(b)(1)-(5) Initial Notifications Yes

63.9(c) Request for Compliance 

Extension

Yes

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63.9(d) New Source Notification 

for Special Compliance 

Requirements

Yes

63.9(e) Notification of 

performance test

Yes Except for 

repeat 

performance 

test caused by 

an exceedance. 

See 

§ 63.1353(b)(6

)

63.9(f) Notification of 

VE/Opacity Test

Yes Notification 

not required 

for VE/opacity 

test under 

§ 63.1350(e) 

and (j).

63.9(g) Additional CMS 

Notifications

Yes

63.9(h)(1)-(3) Notification of 

Compliance Status

Yes

63.9(h)(4) No [Reserved]

63.9(h)(5)-(6) Notification of 

Compliance Status

Yes

63.9(i) Adjustment of Deadlines Yes

63.9(j) Change in Previous 

Information

Yes

63.10(a) Recordkeeping/Reporting Yes

63.10(b)(1) General Recordkeeping 

Requirements

Yes

63.10(b)(2)(i)

-(ii)

General Recordkeeping 

Requirements

No See§ 63.1355(g

) and (h).

63.10(b)(2)(ii

i)

General Recordkeeping 

Requirements

Yes

63.10(b)(2)(iv

)-(v)

General Recordkeeping 

Requirements

No

63.10(b)(2)(vi

)-(ix)

General Recordkeeping 

Requirements

Yes

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63.10(c)(1) Additional CMS 

Recordkeeping

Yes PS-8A 

supersedes 

requirements 

for THC CEMS.

63.10(c)(1) Additional CMS 

Recordkeeping

Yes PS-8A 

supersedes 

requirements 

for THC CEMS.

63.10(c)(2)-

(4)

No [Reserved]

63.10(c)(5)-

(8)

Additional CMS 

Recordkeeping

Yes PS-8A 

supersedes 

requirements 

for THC CEMS.

63.10(c)(9) No [Reserved]

63.10(c)(10)-

(15)

Additional CMS 

Recordkeeping

Yes PS-8A 

supersedes 

requirements 

for THC CEMS.

63.10(d)(1) General Reporting 

Requirements

Yes

63.10(d)(2) Performance Test Results Yes

63.10(d)(3) Opacity or VE 

Observations

Yes

63.10(d)(4) Progress Reports Yes

63.10(d)(5) Startup, Shutdown, 

Malfunction Reports

No See§ 63.1354(c

) for 

reporting 

requirements. 

Any reference 

to 

§ 63.10(d)(5) 

in other 

General 

Provisions or 

in this 

subpart is to 

be treated as 

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reference to 

§ 63.1354(c).

63.10(e)(1)-

(2)

Additional CMS Reports Yes

63.10(e)(3) Excess Emissions and CMS 

Performance Reports

Yes Exceedances 

are defined in 

subpart LLL.

63.10(e)(3)

(vii) and 

(viii)

Excess Emissions and CMS 

Performance Reports

No Superseded by 

63.1354(b)(10)

63.10(f) Waiver for 

Recordkeeping/Reporting

Yes

63.11(a)-(b) Control Device 

Requirements

No Flares not 

applicable.

63.12(a)-(c) State Authority and 

Delegations

Yes

63.13(a)-(c) State/Regional Addresses Yes

63.14(a)-(b) Incorporation by 

Reference

Yes

63.15(a)-(b) Availability of 

Information

Yes

[75 FR 55064, Sept. 9, 2010, as amended at 78 FR 10054, Feb. 12, 

2013]

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