IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE

AT JACKSON

Assigned on Briefs November 18 2004

IN THE MATTER OF: E.H.

STATE OF TENNESSEE, DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN’S SERVICES

v.

KENNETH HARAZAK

An Appeal from the Juvenile Court for Henry County

No. 7285 Hansel J. McAdams, Judge

No. W2004-00514-COA-R3-PT - Filed January 26, 2005

This involves the termination of parental rights. The child at issue was taken into protective custody

after police raided the parents’ home and found an active methamphetamine lab. Drug charges were

filed against the child’s mother and father. The father was on parole from a prior murder conviction

in Illinois, and his drug-related activities were a violation of his parole. As a result, the father was

returned to Illinois to serve further time in prison on the prior murder conviction. The mother’s

parental rights were terminated by default judgment. The father’s parental rights were terminated

based on having the child in the home with a meth lab, and the father’s resulting incarceration in

Illinois. The father appealed, arguing that the Tennessee Department of Children’s Services did not

make reasonable efforts to reunite him with his child. We affirm, finding that under the

circumstances of this case, the Department of Children’s Services was not required to make

reasonable efforts to reunite the father with the child. 

Rule 3 Appeal; Judgment of the Juvenile Court is affirmed

HOLLY M. KIRBY,J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which W. FRANK CRAWFORD, P.J.,W.S.,

and ALAN E. HIGHERS, J., joined.

Gary J. Swayne, Paris, Tennessee, for Respondent/Appellant Kenneth Harazak

Paul G. Summers, Attorney General and Reporter, and Douglas Earl Diamond, Assistant Attorney

General, Nashville, Tennessee, for the Petitioner/Appellee, State of Tennessee, Department of

Children’s Services

OPINION

On or before August 8, 2002, police conducted a raid at the home of Sandra Harazak

(“Mother”) and Respondent/Appellant Kenneth Hazarak (“Father”). They found an active
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methamphetamine (“meth”) lab. Present in the home at the time ofthe raid was Mother and Father’s

daughter, E.H., the subject of this appeal. E.H., born March 20, 1998, was four years old at the time.

She was referred to Petitioner/Appellee the Department of Children’s Services (“DCS”), and was

subsequently taken into protective custody. DCS learned that, in the raid of Mother’s and Father’s

home, police found the ingredientsfor making meth throughout the house, easily accessible to their

young daughter. A tank of anhydrous ammonia, a component of meth, was hidden in the weeds not

far from E.H.’s swing set.

Both parents have a substantial history of drug involvement and Father has an extensive

criminal history. At the time of the police raid, Father was on parole from a murder conviction in

Illinois.

A permanency plan was developed, in which Father was required to attend drug counseling,

submit to random drug screenings, resolve any pending legal proceedings against him, attend

parenting class, and attend Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. The stated goal of the permanency plan

was to return E.H. to her parents.

On December 16, 2002, Father pled guilty to manufacturing meth with the intent to sell.

Since the drug conviction was a violation of his parole on the Illinois murder conviction, Father was

then turned over to the Illinois Department of Corrections for further imprisonment in Illinois. Prior

to this, Father had only a few visits with E.H., and completed no requirements of the permanency

plan.

On July 9, 2003, DCS petitioned for termination of the parental rights of both Mother and

Father. The Juvenile Court of Henry County conducted a hearing on the matter on December 12,

2003. Mother was notified of the hearing by telephone and by publication in the local newspaper

but did not attend. A default judgment was taken against her. At the time of the hearing, Father was

still incarcerated in Illinois.

At the hearing, the Juvenile Court heard testimony from DCS Child Protective Services

worker Pam Moss (“Moss”) and DCS case manager Elaine Hart (“Hart”). Both Moss and Hart

interviewed E.H. about conditions in the parents’ home before the police raid. E.H. told Moss that

she understood that the police had come to her home because her mother and her parents’ friends

were smoking “bad stuff.” She described the bad stuff as something her father hid in the woods.

E.H. said Father took the bad stuff, and Mother told her it was his medicine.

Hart described her conversations with E.H. as well. E.H. described helping stir the meth as

it was cooking. She said the bad stuff made her sick a lot. A number of “aunts” and “uncles” would

visit her home; they would dip needles in the bad stuff and give themselves shots. E.H. knew about

the buried tank of anhydrous ammonia. She reported seeing her parents engaged in intercourse, and

could demonstrate sexual movements.
Hart testified that she understood that Father took the blame for the drug charges so that Mother could get 1

custody of E.H.

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Hart testified that Father was notified of all staff meetings and court hearings, and though

incarcerated, could have input through letters. She said that, because of his incarceration, Father 1

had not demonstrated any progress on the permanency plan.

Father testified at the hearing by telephone from prison in Illinois. He acknowledged that he

had been arrested for manufacturing meth and, while out on bond, received a second charge for

possession of meth. Father conceded that E.H. had witnessed him injecting meth into his arm.

Father admitted that he kept a tank of anhydrous ammonia, a component of meth, in the weeds

approximately 75 feet from E.H.’s swing set. Father denied that he and Mother allowed E.H. to

witness sexual intercourse between them but acknowledged that E.H. had walked in on them once.

Father testified that he completed an anger management program in prison and that he

attended Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous meetings in prison, both of which were

objectives under the permanency plan. Father also testified that he was certain he could meet the

goals and objectives set out in the permanency plan after being released from prison. 

After the hearing, the Juvenile Court entered an order dated May 17, 2004. In the order, the

Juvenile Court found: (1) Father had committed severe child abuse against E.H.; (2) Father

manufactured meth in the home where the child lived; (3) Father was substantially noncompliant

with the permanency plan; (4) Father had failed to remedy the persistent conditions that caused E.H.

to be taken from his custody and prevented her safe return to him at an early date; (5) DCS had made

a reasonable effort to help Father make necessary adjustments; and (6) that it had been established

by clear and convincing evidence that the termination of Father’s parental rights was in the best

interest of E.H. Based on these findings, the Juvenile Court terminated Father’s parental rights.

Father now appeals this order. Mother does not appeal the default judgment against her.

On appeal, Father asserts that DCS did not exert reasonable efforts to reunite him with E.H.,

even though Mother received these services. Father maintains that he should be given an opportunity

to achieve the goals set out in the parenting plan after he is released from incarceration.

Our review of this case is governed by T.R.A.P. 13(d), which provides that review of

findings of fact by the trial court shall be de novo upon the record of the trial court, accompanied

by a presumption of correctness of the factual findings, unless the evidence preponderates

otherwise. T.R.A.P. 13(d); Union Carbide Corp. v. Huddleston, 854 S.W.2d 87, 91 (Tenn. 1993).

It is well settled in Tennessee that “parents have a fundamental right to the care, custody,

and control of their children.” In re Drinnon, 776 S.W.2d 96, 97 (Tenn. Ct. App.1988) (citing

Stanley v. Illinois, 405 U.S. 645 (1972)). However, this right is not absolute and may be terminated

based on clear and convincing evidence of one or more of the grounds set out in Tennessee Code

Annotated § 36-1-113 (g). If one of the grounds for termination is so established, and it is also
Section 37-1-102(21)(D) was added by the 2002 amendment effective July 17, 2002. 2

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established by clear and convincing evident that termination is in the child’s best interest, then the

parental rights may be terminated. Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-1-113(c)(1) and (2) (2001).

Father argues on appeal that DCS did not make reasonable efforts to reunify him with E.H.

Tennessee Code Annotated § 37-1-166(g)(1) defines “reasonable efforts” as “the exercise of

reasonable care and diligence by the department to provide services related to meeting the needs of

the child and the family.” Tenn. Code Ann. § 37-1-166(g)(1) (2001). In response, DCS asserts, inter

alia, that it was not required to make reasonable efforts to reunite Father with E.H. under the

circumstances in this case. Tennessee Code Annotated § 37-1-166(g)(4) states that:

Reasonable efforts of the type described in § 37-1-166(g) shall not be required to be

made with respect to a parent of a child if a court of competent jurisdiction has

determined that . . . [t]he parent has subjected the child that is the subject of the

petition or any sibling or half-sibling of the child who is the subject of the petition

or any other child residing temporarily or permanently in the home to aggravated

circumstances as defined in § 36-1-102.

Tenn. Code Ann. § 37-1-166 (g)(4) (2001). The term “aggravated circumstances” is defined in

Tennessee Code Annotated § 36-1-102 to include “severe child abuse as defined in § 37-1-102.”

Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-1-113(g)(4) (2001). Further, Tennessee Code Annotated § 37-1-102(21)(D)

defines “severe child abuse” as “[k]nowingly allowing a child to be present within a structure where

the act of creating methamphetamine, as that substance is identified . . . is occurring.” T.C.A. § 37-

1-102(21)(D) (Supp. 2004). It is undisputed that Father pled guilty to manufacturing meth in the 2

home where he and Mother lived with E.H. The manufacture of meth in E.H.’s home clearly falls

within definition of severe child abuse found in Tennessee Code Annotated § 37-1-102 (21)(D). As

such, by statute, DCS was not required to make reasonable efforts to reunite E.H. with Father.

Under Tennessee Code Annotated § 36-1-113(g)(4), parental rights may be terminated when:

The parent or guardian has been found to have committed severe child abuse as

defined in § 37-1-102, under any prior order of a court or is found by the court

hearing the petition to terminate parental rights or the petition for adoption to have

committed severe child abuse against the child who is the subject of the petition. . .

T.C.A. § 36-1-113(g)(4) (2001). One ground for termination relied on by the Juvenile Court was

the fact that Father had committed severe child abuse against E.H. As noted above, the definition

of severe child abuse specifically includes allowing the child to be present where meth is being

manufactured. Therefore, grounds for termination of Father’s parental rights were established by

clear and convincing evidence.
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The record also supports the Juvenile Court’s finding, by clear and convincing evidence, that

termination of Father’s parental rights was in E.H.’s best interest. Therefore, we conclude that the

Juvenile Court did not err in terminating Father’s parental rights. Any other issues raised on appeal

are pretermitted.

The decision of the trial court is affirmed. Costs of the appeal are taxed to Father, Kenneth

Harazak, or his surety, for which execution may issue if necessary.

__________________________________________

HOLLY M. KIRBY, JUDGE