1 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov The Parker Ranch installation in Hawaii 

# BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM

Distribution Transformers Energy Conservation Program LBNL Staff on behalf of

U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy



## November 18, 20112 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Draft Life

**- Cycle Cost, Payback Period for Low** 

**- Voltage Dry** 

**- Type Transformers** 

Prepared for the Low

- Voltage Distribution Transformers Negotiated Rulemaking Working Group

November 18, 2011

**Contents**



# • Engineering Results for Design Lines 6 – 8

• Life

- Cycle Cost Results for Design Lines 6 – 8

• Payback Period Results for Design Lines 6 – 8

• Engineering Results, ZDMH/SA1 Exclusion Scenario for Design Lines 6 – 8

• Life

- Cycle Cost Results, ZDMH/SA1 Exclusion Scenario for Design Lines 6 – 8

• Payback Period Results

, ZDMH/SA1 Exclusion Scenario for Design Lines 6

– 8 

# Contents3 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 6 Engineering: 25kVA 1 Φ 10kV BIL

$

- $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 $3,500 $4,000

97.80% 98.00% 98.20% 98.40% 98.60% 98.80% 99.00% 99.20% 99.40% 99.60% 99.80% 100.00%Manufacturer Selling Price ($)

Efficiency at 35% load, Temperature Corrected M6_AlAl_bl_co

M5_AlAl_bl_co

M4_AlAl_bl_co

M3_AlAl_bl_co

M3_CuAl_bl_co

M3_CuAl_bl_sh

H0_AlAl_bl_co

H0_CuCu_bl_co

SA1_AlAl_dgw_co

SA1_CuCu_dgw_co

CSLs EL 0 EPACT '05

EL 1 EL 2

EL 3 NEMA Pr. EL 4

EL 5 EL 6 EL 74 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 7 Engineering: 75kVA 3 Φ 10kV BIL

$

- $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 $4,000 $5,000 $6,000 $7,000 $8,000 $9,000 $10,000

97.80% 98.00% 98.20% 98.40% 98.60% 98.80% 99.00% 99.20% 99.40% 99.60%Manufacturer Selling Price ($)

Efficiency at 35% Load, Temperature Corrected M12_AlAl_bl_3leg M12_CuAl_bl_3leg

M6_AlAl_bl_3leg M6_AlAl_fm_3leg
M4_CuAl_fm_3leg M3_AlAl_fm_3leg

M3_AlAl_slm_3leg H0_AlAl_fm_3leg

H0_AlAl_slm_3leg H0_CuCu_fm_3leg
SA1_AlAl_dgw_5leg SA1_CuCu_dgw_5leg

CSLs EL 0 EPACT '05 EL 1 EL 2

EL 3 NEMA Pr. EL 4

EL 5 EL 6 EL 75 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 8 Engineering: 300kVA 3 Φ 10kV BIL

$

- $5,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000 $25,000

98.40% 98.60% 98.80% 99.00% 99.20% 99.40% 99.60% 99.80% 100.00%Manufacturer Selling Price ($)

Efficiency at 35% Load, Temperature Corrected M6_AlAl_bl_3leg

M6_AlAl_fm_3leg

M6_CuCu_fm_3leg

M5_AlAl_bl_3leg

M5_AlAl_fm_3leg

M4_CuAl_fm_3leg

M3_AlAl_fm_3leg

M3_AlAl_slm_3leg

M3_CuAl_fm_3leg

H0_AlAl_fm_3leg

H0_AlAl_slm_5leg

H0_CuCu_fm_3leg

SA1_AlAl_dgw_5leg

SA1_CuCu_dgw_5leg

CSLs EL 0 EPACT '05 EL 1

EL 2 NEMA Pr. EL 3

EL 4 EL 5

EL 6 EL 76 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 6 LCC Results

Efficiency Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Efficiency (%) 98.23% 98.47% 98.60% 98.80% 98.93% 99.17% 99.44% Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 1.34% 5.77% 30.09% 17.60% 18.14% 38.94% 95.34% Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 98.54% 94.23% 69.91% 82.40% 81.86% 61.06% 4.66% Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.12% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean LCC Savings ($) 207 250 128 307 325 150 -953 Median LCC Savings ($) 200 236 105 276 296 114 -1003

- 2000 - 1500 - 1000

- 500 0 500 1000 1500

EL 1 EL 2 EL 3 EL 4 EL 5 EL 6 EL 7Average LCC Savings ($)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 6 Average LCC Savings Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%7 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 7 LCC Results

Efficiency Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Efficiency (%) 98.23% 98.47% 98.60% 98.80% 98.93% 99.17% 99.44% Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 2.4% 2.4% 2.4% 2.6% 2.9% 3.8% 48.5% Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 97.6% 97.6% 97.6% 97.4% 97.1% 96.2% 51.5% Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mean LCC Savings ($) 1643 1643 1643 1727 2022 2251 200 Median LCC Savings ($) 1580 1580 1580 1656 1925 2159 53

- 3000 - 2000 - 1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

EL 1 EL 2 EL 3 EL 4 EL 5 EL 6 EL 7Average LCC Savings ($)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 7 Average LCC Savings Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%8 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 8 LCC Results

Efficiency Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Efficiency (%) 98.80% 99.02% 99.14% 99.25% 99.32% 99.44% 99.58% Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 8.05% 5.48% 15.99% 5.27% 5.27% 5.24% 65.90% Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 91.95% 94.52% 84.01% 94.73% 94.73% 94.76% 34.10% Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean LCC Savings ($) 983 2431 2152 5354 5354 5368 -1182 Median LCC Savings ($) 862 2282 1921 5086 5086 5103 -1524

- 10000

- 5000 0 5000 10000 15000

EL 1 EL 2 EL 3 EL 4 EL 5 EL 6 EL 7Average LCC Savings ($)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 8 Average LCC Savings Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%9 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 6 PBP Results

Efficiency Level

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mean Payback (Years) 3.3 8.7 15.6 13.0 13.3 17.3 34.8 Median Payback (Years) 2.7 8.4 15.0 12.7 13.1 16.9 33.9 Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) 99.84% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% Transformers having Undefined Payback (%) 0.16% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean Retail Cost ($) 1,245 1,329 1,484 1,709 1,771 2,012 2,912 Mean Installation Costs ($) 958 1,024 1,113 1,026 1,059 1,164 1,490 Mean Operating Costs ($) 136 126 119 102 96 87 80 Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 41 192 435 574 668 1,014 2,241 Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) 13 24 30 48 54 63 70 Payback of Average Transformer 3.1 8.0 14.3 12.1 12.5 16.1 32.2

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

EL 1 EL 2 EL 3 EL 4 EL 5 EL 6 EL 7Average PaybackPeriod(years)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 6 Average Payback Period Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%10 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 7 PBP Results

Efficiency Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mean Payback (Years) 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.5 6.0 7.1 18.9 

### Median Payback (Years) 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.4 5.9 7.0 18.4 

### Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 

### Transformers having Undefined Payback (%) 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

### Mean Retail Cost ($) 3,667 3,667 3,667 3,713 3,952 4,236 6,174 

### Mean Installation Costs ($) 1,743 1,743 1,743 1,761 1,729 1,839 2,362 

### Mean Operating Costs ($) 222 222 222 214 187 153 131 

### Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 603 603 603 667 874 1,268 3,729 

### Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) 121 121 121 129 156 190 212 

### Payback of Average Transformer 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.6 6.7 17.6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

EL 1 EL 2 EL 3 EL 4 EL 5 EL 6 EL 7Average PaybackPeriod(years)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 7 Average Payback Period Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%11 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 8 PBP Results

Efficiency Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mean Payback (Years) 9.5 8.8 12.6 8.7 8.7 8.7 22.1 

### Median Payback (Years) 9.0 8.6 12.3 8.5 8.5 8.5 21.5 

### Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 

### Transformers having Undefined Payback (%) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 

### Mean Retail Cost ($) 7,727 8,696 10,325 10,800 10,800 10,798 17,639 

### Mean Installation Costs ($) 2,850 2,999 3,102 3,159 3,159 3,158 3,906 

### Mean Operating Costs ($) 739 600 522 320 320 320 264 

### Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 825 1,943 3,675 4,206 4,206 4,204 11,793 

### Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) 98 236 314 516 516 517 573 

### Payback of Average Transformer 8.5 8.2 11.7 8.2 8.2 8.1 20.6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

EL 1 EL 2 EL 3 EL 4 EL 5 EL 6 EL 7Average PaybackPeriod(years)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 8 Average Payback Period Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%12 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 6 Engineering, ZDMH/SA1 (Wound Core) Exclusion Scenario

$

- $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 $3,500 $4,000

97.80% 98.00% 98.20% 98.40% 98.60% 98.80% 99.00% 99.20% 99.40% 99.60% 99.80% 100.00%Manufacturer Selling Price ($)

Efficiency at 35% load, Temperature Corrected M6_AlAl_bl_co

M5_AlAl_bl_co

M4_AlAl_bl_co

M3_AlAl_bl_co

M3_CuAl_bl_co

M3_CuAl_bl_sh

H0_AlAl_bl_co

H0_CuCu_bl_co

CSLs EL 0 EPACT '05

EL 1 EL 2

EL 3 NEMA Pr. EL 4

EL 5 EL 6 EL 713 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 7 Engineering, ZDMH/SA1 (Wound Core) Exclusion Scenario

$

- $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 $4,000 $5,000 $6,000 $7,000 $8,000 $9,000 $10,000

97.80% 98.00% 98.20% 98.40% 98.60% 98.80% 99.00% 99.20% 99.40% 99.60%Manufacturer Selling Price ($)

Efficiency at 35% Load, Temperature Corrected M12_AlAl_bl_3leg M12_CuAl_bl_3leg

M6_AlAl_bl_3leg M6_AlAl_fm_3leg

M4_CuAl_fm_3leg M3_AlAl_fm_3leg

M3_AlAl_slm_3leg H0_AlAl_fm_3leg

H0_AlAl_slm_3leg H0_CuCu_fm_3leg

CSLs EL 0 EPACT '05 EL 1 EL 2

EL 3 NEMA Pr. EL 4

EL 5 EL 6 EL 714 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 8 Engineering, ZDMH/SA1 (Wound Core) Exclusion Scenario

$

- $5,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000 $25,000

98.40% 98.60% 98.80% 99.00% 99.20% 99.40% 99.60% 99.80% 100.00%Manufacturer Selling Price ($)

Efficiency at 35% Load, Temperature Corrected M6_AlAl_bl_3leg

M6_AlAl_fm_3leg

M6_CuCu_fm_3leg

M5_AlAl_bl_3leg

M5_AlAl_fm_3leg

M4_CuAl_fm_3leg

M3_AlAl_fm_3leg

M3_AlAl_slm_3leg

M3_CuAl_fm_3leg

H0_AlAl_fm_3leg

H0_AlAl_slm_5leg

H0_CuCu_fm_3leg

CSLs EL 0 EPACT '05 EL 1

EL 2 NEMA Pr. EL 3

EL 4 EL 5

EL 6 EL 715 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 6 LCC Results, ZDMH/SA1 (Wound Core) Exclusion Scenario

Efficiency Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Efficiency (%) 98.23% 98.47% 98.60% 98.80% 98.93% 99.17% 99.44% Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 3.06% 8.04% 37.51% 74.67% 99.21% 0.00% 0.00% Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 96.51% 91.96% 62.49% 25.33% 0.79% 0.00% 0.00% Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.43% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean LCC Savings ($) 196 226 90 -166 -1045 NA NA Median LCC Savings ($) 185 210 66 -192 -1080 NA NA

- 2000 - 1500 - 1000

- 500 0 500 1000

EL 1 EL 2 EL 3 EL 4 EL 5 EL 6 EL 7Average LCC Savings ($)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 6 Average LCC Savings Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%16 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 7 LCC Results , ZDMH/SA1 (Wound Core) Exclusion Scenario

Efficiency Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Efficiency (%) 98.23% 98.47% 98.60% 98.80% 98.93% 99.17% 99.44% Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 2.4% 2.4% 2.4% 2.7% 5.1% 69.3% 0.0% Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 97.6% 97.6% 97.6% 97.3% 94.9% 30.7% 0.0% Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mean LCC Savings ($) 1630 1630 1630 1695 1520 -477 NA Median LCC Savings ($) 1567 1567 1567 1630 1431 -591 NA

- 3000 - 2000 - 1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000

EL 1 EL 2 EL 3 EL 4 EL 5 EL 6 EL 7Average LCC Savings ($)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 7 Average LCC Savings Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%17 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 8 LCC Results, ZDMH/SA1 (Wound Core) Exclusion Scenario

Efficiency Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Efficiency (%) 98.80% 99.02% 99.14% 99.25% 99.32% 99.44% 99.58% Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 8.22% 5.46% 16.43% 15.41% 33.66% 0.00% 0.00% Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 91.78% 94.54% 83.57% 84.59% 66.34% 0.00% 0.00% Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean LCC Savings ($) 967 2448 2059 2632 1419 NA NA Median LCC Savings ($) 844 2297 1851 2400 1145 NA NA

- 4000 - 2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6 CSL 7Average LCC Savings ($)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 8 Average LCC Savings Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%18 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 6 PBP Results, ZDMH/SA1 (Wound Core) Exclusion Scenario

Efficiency Level

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mean Payback (Years) 4.7 9.6 17.2 25.0 45.1 NA NA Median Payback (Years) 4.0 9.1 15.9 23.7 43.7 NA NA Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) 99.47% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% Transformers having Undefined Payback (%) 0.53% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean Retail Cost ($) 1,257 1,344 1,527 1,863 2,687 NA NA Mean Installation Costs ($) 973 1,034 1,101 1,194 1,375 NA NA Mean Operating Costs ($) 134 125 119 109 103 NA NA Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 54 203 453 881 1,887 NA NA Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) 14 23 29 39 45 NA NA Payback of Average Transformer 4.0 8.8 15.5 22.8 41.5 NA NA

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

EL 1 EL 2 EL 3 EL 4 EL 5 EL 6 EL 7Average PaybackPeriod(years)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 6 Average Payback Period Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%19 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 7 PBP Results, ZDMH/SA1 (Wound Core) Exclusion Scenario

Efficiency Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mean Payback (Years) 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.7 8.6 22.8 NA Median Payback (Years) 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.5 8.4 22.2 NA Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 0% Transformers having Undefined Payback (%) 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Mean Retail Cost ($) 3,658 3,658 3,658 3,706 4,074 6,305 NA Mean Installation Costs ($) 1,741 1,741 1,741 1,760 1,875 2,233 NA Mean Operating Costs ($) 223 223 223 215 199 167 NA Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 609 609 609 677 1,159 3,749 NA Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) 121 121 121 128 145 177 NA Payback of Average Transformer 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.3 8.0 21.2 NA

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

EL 1 EL 2 EL 3 EL 4 EL 5 EL 6 EL 7Average PaybackPeriod(years)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 7 Average Payback Period Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%20 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

# Design Line 8 PBP Results , ZDMH/SA1 (Wound Core) Exclusion Scenario

Efficiency Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mean Payback (Years) 9.7 8.9 12.8 12.6 16.2 NA NA Median Payback (Years) 9.1 8.6 12.4 12.3 15.8 NA NA Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% Transformers having Undefined Payback (%) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean Retail Cost ($) 7,715 8,696 10,293 11,200 12,690 NA NA Mean Installation Costs ($) 2,848 2,999 3,116 3,162 3,411 NA NA Mean Operating Costs ($) 741 600 528 446 418 NA NA Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 837 1,970 3,683 4,636 6,375 NA NA Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) 97 238 310 392 420 NA NA Payback of Average Transformer 8.6 8.3 11.9 11.8 15.2 NA NA

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6 CSL 7Average PaybackPeriod(years)

Efficiency Level 

### Design Line 8 Average Payback Period Average; Median; Box 25%

- 75%; Whisker 5%

- 95%