DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

JOHN BARTON PAYNE, Secretary

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 452

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

1917

PART II. SOUTH ATLANTIC SLOPE AND EASTEEN 

GULF OF MEXICO BASINS

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer

GUY C. STEVENS and WARREN E. HALL 

District Engineers

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1920
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

JOHN BARTON PAYNE, Secretary

") UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director

Water-Supply Paper 452

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

1917

PART II. SOUTH ATLANTIC SLOPE AND EASTEEN ^

GULF OF MEXICO BASINS J? '

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer

GUY C. STEVENS and WARREN E. HALL 

District Engineers

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1920
ADDITIONAL COPIES

OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM

THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

"WASHINGTON, D. C.

AT

10 CENTS PER COPY 

V
CONTENTS.

Authorization and scope of work............................................. 5

Definition of terms......................................................... 6

Explanation of data........................................................ 7

Accuracy of field data and computed results................................ 8

Cooperation................................................................ 9

Division of work.......................................................... 9

Gaging-station records...................................................... 9

James River basin..................................................... 9

James River at Buchanan, Va....................................... 9

James River at Cartersville, Va.................................... 11

Roanoke River basin.................................................. 13

Roanoke River at Roanoke, Va.................................... 13

Roanoke River at Old Gaston, N. 0................................. 15

Peedee River basin.... ............................................... 1C

Yadkin River at Donnaha, N. 0...................................... 16

Yadkin River near Salisbury, N. C.................................. 18

Santee River basin..................................................... 20

Catawba River at Rhodhiss, N. 0.................................. 20

Edisto River basin..................................................... 21

Four Hole Greek near Ridgeville, S. C.............................. 21

Savannah. River basin................................................. 24

Chattooga River near Tallulah Falls, Ga............................ 24

Tallulah River near Seed, Ga....................................... 25

Tallulah River near Lakemont, Ga.................................. 27

Tiger Creek at Lakemont, Ga....................................... 29

Altamaha River basin.................................................. 31

Ocmulgee River at Juliette, Ga..................................... 31

Oconee River near Greensboro, Ga.................................. 32

Oconee River at Fraleys Ferry, near Milledgeville, Ga.............. 34

Apalachicola River basin............................................... 36

Chattahooch.ee River near Gainesville, Ga.......................... 36

Chattahoochee River near Norcross, Ga.............................. 37

Chattahoochee River at West Point, Ga............................. 39

Chestatee River at New Bridge, Ga.................................. 41

Flint River near Woodbury, Ga.................................... 42

Flint River near Culloden, Ga...................................... 43

Flint River at Albany, Ga......................................... 45

Little Potato (Tobler) Creek near Yatesville, Ga..................... 46

Escambia River basin.................................................. 47

Conecuh River at Beck, Ala......................................... 47

Mobile River basin.................................................... 51

Oostanaula River at Resaca, Ga.................................... 51

Coosa River at Riverside, Ala....................................... 53

Coosa River at Childersburg, Ala................................... 54

Etowah River near Rome, Ga....................................... 57

Tallapoosa River near Sturdevant, Ala.............................. 59

Miscellaneous measurements................................................ 61

Index.................................................................... 63

Appendix Gaging stations and publications relating to water resources....... i

3
ILLUSTRATIONS.

PLATE I. A, Price current meter; B, Typical gaging station.................. 6

II. Water-stage recorders: A, Stevens continuous; S, Gurley printing;

C, Friez...................................................... 7

4
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF SOUTH ATLANTIC

SLOPE AND EASTERN GULF OF MEXICO

DRAINAGE BASINS, 1917.

AUTHORIZATION AND SCOPE OF WORK.

This volume is one of a series of 14 reports presenting results of 

measurements of flow made on streams in the United States during 

the year ending September 30, 1917.

The data presented in these reports were collected by the United 

States Geological Survey under the following authority contained 

in the organic law (20 Stat. L., p. 394):

Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the Geological 

Survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of the national domain.

The work was begun in 1886 in connection with special studies 

relating to irrigation in the arid west. Since the fiscal year ending 

June 30, 1895, successive sundry bills passed by Congress have 

carried the following item and appropriations:

For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States,,. 

and .for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, and for the 

preparation of reports upon the best methods of utilizing the water resources.

Annual appropriations for the fiscal years ended June 30, 1895-1918.

1895.................................................... $12, 500

1896.................................................... 20,000

1897 to 1900, inclusive. ................................. 50,000

1901 to 1902, inclusive.................................. 100,000

1903 to 1906,inclusive. ................................. 200,000

1907.................................................... 150,000

1908 to 1910, inclusive.................................. 100,000

1911 to 1917, inclusive.................................. 150,000

1918..................................................... 175,000

In the execution of the work many private and State organizations have cooperated either by furnishing data or by assisting in 

collecting data. Acknowledgements for cooperation of the first kind 

are made in connection with the description of each station affected; 

cooperation of the second kind is acknowledged on page 9.

Measurements of stream flow have been made at about 4,240 

points in the United States and also at many points in Alaska and 

the Hawaiian Islands. In July, 1917, 1,180 gaging stations were 

being maintained by the Survey and the cooperating organizations*.

5
6 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

Many miscellaneous discharge measurements are made at other 

points. In connection with this work data were also collected in 

regard to precipitation, evaporation, storage reservoirs, river profiles, and water power in many sections of the country and will be 

made available in water-supply papers from time to time. Information in regard to publications relating to water resources is presented in the appendix to this report.

DEFINITION OF TERMS.

The volume of water flowing in a stream the "run-off" or "discharge" is expressed in various terms, each of which has become 

associated with a certain class of work. These terms may be divided 

into two groups (1) those that represent a rate of flow, as secondfeet, gallons per minute, miners' inches, and discharge in second-feet 

per square mile, and (2) those that represent the actual quantity of 

water, as run-off in depth of inches, acre-feet, and millions of cubic 

feet. The principal terms used in this series of reports are secondfeet, second-feet per square mile, run-off in inches, and acre-feet. 

They may be defined as follows:

"Second-feet" is an abbreviation for "cubic feet per second." 

A second-foot is the rate of discharge of water flowing in a channel 

of rectangular cross section 1 foot wide and 1 foot deep at an average 

velocity of 1 foot per second. It is generally used as a fundamental 

unit from which others are computed.

"Second-feet per square mile" is the average number of cubic feet 

of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, 

on the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly both as 

regards time and area.

"Run-off (depth in inches)" is the depth to which an area would 

be covered if all the water flowing from it in a given period were 

uniformly distributed on the surface. It is used for comparing 

run-off with rainfall, which is usually expressed in depth of inches.

An "acre-foot," equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet, is the quantity 

required to cover an acre to the depth of 1 foot. The term is commonly used in connection with storage for irrigation.

The following terms not in common use are here defined:

"Stage-discharge relation," an abbreviation for the term "relation 

of gage height to discharge."

"Control," a term used to designate the section or sections of the 

stream below the gage which determine the stage-discharge relation 

at the gage. It should be noted that the control may not be the same 

section or sections at all stages.

The "point of zero flow" for a given gaging station is that point 

on -the gage the gage height to which the surface of the river 

would fall if there were no flow.
U. 8. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 452 PLATE I

A. PRICE CURRENT METERS.

B. TYPICAL GAGING STATION.
U. 8. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 462 PLATE II

A. STEVENS CONTINUOUS, B. GURLEY PRINTING. 

WATER-STAGE RECORDERS,

C. FRIEZ.
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II, 7 

EXPLANATION OF DATA.

The data presented in this report cover the year beginning October 

1, 1916, and ending September 30, 1917. At the beginning of January in most parts of the United States much of the precipitation in 

the preceding three months is stored as ground water- in the form of 

snow or ice, or in ponds, lakes, and swamps, and this stored water 

passes off in the streams during the spring break-up. At the end 

of September, on the other hand, the only stored water available 

for run-off is possibly a small quantity in the ground; therefore the 

run-off for the year beginning October 1 is practically all derived 

from precipitation within that year.

The base data collected at gaging stations consist of records of 

stage, measurements of discharge, and general information used 'to 

supplement the gage heights and discharge measurements in determining the daily flow. The records of stage are obtained either from 

direct readings on a staff gage or from a water-stage recorder that 

gives a continuous record of the fluctuations. Measurements of discharge are made with a current meter. (See Pis. I, II.) The general 

methods are outlined in standard textbooks on the measurement of 

river discharge.

From the discharge measurements rating tables are prepared that 

give the discharge for any stage, and these rating tables, when applied 

to gage heights, give the discharge from which the daily, monthly, and 

yearly mean discharge is determined.

The data presented for each gaging station' hi the area covered 

by this report comprise a description of the station, a table giving 

results of discharge measurements, a table showing the daily discharge of the stream, and a table of monthly and yearly discharge 

and run-off.

If the base data are insufficient to determine the daily discharge, 

tables giving daily gage heights and results of discharge measurements are published.

The description of the station gives, in addition to statements 

regarding location and equipment, information in regard to any 

conditions that may affect the constancy of the discharge relation, 

covering such subjects as the occurrence of ice, the use of the stream 

for log driving, shifting of control, and the cause and effect of backwater; it gives also information as to diversions that decrease the flow 

at the gage, artificial regulation, maximum and minimum recorded 

stages, and the accuracy of the records.

The table of daily discharge gives, in general, the discharge in 

second-feet corresponding to the mean of the gage heights read each 

day. At stations on streams subject to sudden or rapid diurnal 

fluctuation the discharge obtained from the rating table and the 

mean daily gage height may not be the true mean discharge for the
8 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

day. If such stations are equipped with water-stage recorders the 

mean daily discharge may be obtained by averaging discharge at 

regular intervals during the day, or by using the discharge integrator, 

an instrument operating on the principle of the planimeter and containing as an essential element the rating curve of the station.

In the table of monthly discharge the column headed "Maximum" 

gives the mean flow for the day when the mean gage height was 

highest. As the gage height is the mean for the day it does not 

indicate correctly the stage when the water surface was at crest 

height, and the corresponding discharge was consequently larger 

than given in the maximum column. Likewise, in the column 

headed "Minimum" the quantity given is the mean flow for the 

day when the mean gage height was lowest. The column headed 

"Mean" is the average flow in cubic feet for each second during the 

month.. On this average flow computations recorded in the remaining columns, which are defined on page 6, are based.

ACCURACY OF FIELD DATA AND COMPUTED RESULTS.

The accuracy of stream-flow data depends primarily (1) on the 

permanence of the stage-discharge relation and (2) on the accuracy 

of observation of stage, measurements of flow, and interpretation of 

records.

A paragraph in the description of the station or footnotes added 

to the tables gives information regarding the (1) permanence of the 

stage-discharge relation, (2) precision with which the discharge rating 

curve is defined, (3) refinement of gage readings, (4) frequency of 

gage readings, and (5) methods of applying daily gage heights to the 

rating table to obtain the daily discharge.1

For the rating tables "well defined" indicates, in general, that the 

rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent; "fairly well defined/' 

within 10 per cent; "poorly defined," within 15 to 25 per cent. 

These notes are very general and are based on the plotting of the 

individual measurements with reference to the mean rating curve.

The monthly means for any station may represent with high accuracy the quantity of water flowing past the gage, but the figures 

showing discharge per square mile and depth of run-off in inches may 

be subject to gross errors caused by the inclusion of large noncontributing districts in the measured drainage area, by lack of information concerning water diverted for irrigation or other use, or by 

inability to interpret the effect of artificial regulation of the flow of 

the river above the station. "Second-feet per square mile" and 

"Run-off (depth in inches) " are therefore not computed if such errors 

appear probable. The computations are also omitted for stations on

iPor a more detailed discussion of the accuracy of stream-flow data see Grover, N. C., and Hoyt, J. !. 

Accuracy of stream-flow data: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 400, pp. 53-59,1916.
JAMES RIVER BASIN. 9

streams draining areas in which the annual rainfall is less than 20 

inches. All figures representing "second-feet per square mile" and 

"run-off (depth in inches)" previously published by the Survey 

should be used with caution because of possible inherent sources of 

error not known to the Survey.

The table of monthly discharge gives only a general idea of the 

flow at the station and should not be used for other than preliminary 

estimates; the tables of daily discharge allow more detailed studies 

of the variation in flow. It should be borne in mind, however, that 

the observations in each succeeding year may be expected to throw 

new light on data previously published.

COOPERATION.

Special acknowledgements are due for financial assistance rendered 

by the following corporations and individuals: Virginia Railway & 

Power Co., Alabama Geological Survey, Division of Drainage Investigations of the United States Department of Agriculture, United 

States Weather Bureau, Tallassee Power Co; , Central Georgia Power 

Co., Columbus Power Co., Georgia Railway & Power Co., Juliette 

Milling Co., J. M. Middlebrooks, Sr., and Rhodhiss Manufacturing Co.

DIVISION OF WORK.

The data for stations in the James and Roanoke drainage basins 

were collected and prepared for publication under the direction of 

G. C. Stevens, district engineer, assisted by Lasley Lee, B. E. Jones, 

B. L. Hopkins and J. W. Moulton.

The field data for all drainage basins south of Roanoke River were 

collected under the direction of Warren E. Hall, district engineer, 

assisted by B. M. Hall, jr. The data were prepared for publication 

under the direction of C. G. Paulsen, district engineer, assisted by 

B. J. Peterson, A. H. Condron, and Miss E. M. Tiller.

GAGING-STATION RECORDS.

JAMES RIVER BASIN.

JAMES RIVER AT BTTCHANAN, VA.

LOCATION. At highway bridge near Chesapeake & Ohio Railway station at Buchanan, 

Botetourt County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,060 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 18, 1895 to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to highway bridge, installed November 21, 1903, to 

replace original wire gage read from August 18, 1895, to that date; read by 

D. D. Booze for United States Weather Bureau. Datum of gage lowered 2 

feet April 3, 1897, to avoid negative readings. A span of the bridge and the 

gage were destroyed by flood on the night of March 27, 1913. A temporary gage 

was used from April 22 to September 15, 1913, when a new chain gage wag 

installed.
10 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1&17, PAKT II.

DISCHAKGE MEASUKEMENTS. Made from downstream side of two-span highway 

bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed under bridge is composed of rock overlain with a 

thick deposit of mud. Banks high; not overflowed except in extreme floods. 

Control of boulders and gravel several hundred feet below station. Stage-discharge relation not permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 17.6 feet March 

5, (discharge, 58,100 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.9 feet several days in August 

and September (discharge, 340 second-feet).

1895-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 31.0 feet during the night of March 27, 

1913, (determined by levels from flood marks October 2, 1914; discharge not 

determined); minimum stage, 1.2 feet (present gage datum) April 17 and May 

2, 1896 (discharge, 260 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation occasionally affected by ice for short periods.

ACCUEACY. Stage-discharge relation shifted during the flood of March 5. Rating 

curve used October 1 to Match 4 well defined below and fairly well defined above 

4,000 second-feet; curve used March 5 to September 30 fairly well defined throughout. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice during year. Gage read to 

tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height 

to rating table. Records fair.

COOPERATION. Since July 15, 1906, gage-height records have been furnished by 

United States Weather Bureau.

Discharge measurements of James River at Buchanan, Va., during the year ending Sept.

30, 1917,

Date.

Dec. 8

Made by 

B. E. Jones...............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.33

2.36

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

535

612
JAMBS RIVER BASIN. 11

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of James River at Buchanan, Va., far the year ending

Sept. 30,1917.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20. .............

21..............

22. .............

23..............

24.............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

820

730

780

650

650

580

580

510

510

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

820

3,050

2.500

1,860

1,220

910

730

650

650

580

580

510

510

Nov.

510

510

510

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

Dec.

450

450

450

&<Wl

450

<if^.

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

450

510

730

820

910

1,010

910

820

730

650

2,170

3,6fiO

3,250

Jan.

3,250

2,860

2,500

2.500

3,250

4.100

3,660

3,250

3,050

2,860

2,500

2,170

1,860

1.860

2,500

2,330

2,170

2,010

2,010

1,860

1,860

3,660

7,920

5.2JO

3,250

2,500

2,170

2,010

2,010

2,500

3,250

Feb.

3,050

11,100

7,100

3,450

2,500

2,330

2,330

2,170

1,860

1,590

1,460

1,340

1,220

1,110

1,010

1,010

910

730

650

580

2,170

3, 660

5,040

7,100

15,000

9,900

4,800

Mar.

7,100

16,500

19,900

21,100

58,100

18,300

10,800

9,320

8,200

7,640

7,100

6,580

9,320

12. 700

10,500

8,760

9,320

12,700

9,900

7,640

6,060

5,540

5,040

7,100

12,700

9,320

7,100

5,800

4,800

4,100

3,670

Apr.

3,470

2,900

2,560

2,390

2,900

11,700

11,700

7,640

6,580

5,540

5,040

4,560

4,100

3,670

3,470

3,270

3,080

2,900

2,720

2,560

2,390

2,220

2,070

1,920

1,780

1,650

1,650

1,520

1,520

1,400

May.

2,560

3,470

3,470

3,270

3,270

3,080

3,080

2,900

2,900

2,720

2,560

2,390

2,220

2,070

1,920

1,780

1,650

1,650

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,920

2,560

6,840

5,800

4,560

June.

3,470

2,220

1,780

1,650

1,520

1,400

1,290

1,180

1,180

1,520

1,520

1,400

1,400

1,290

1,180

1,080

975

880

795

795

715

715

715

715

715

715

640

640

640

640

July.

640

640

570

570

570

570

505

505

505

505

445

445

445

445

445

445

570

715

795

795

715

715

795

880

975

975

880

880

795

795

715

Aug.

715

640

880

715

640

570

505

505

505

505

505

505

505

445

445

445

445

445

445

445

445

390

390

390

390

390

390

390

390

390

340

Sept.

340

340

340

340

340

340

340

505

570

505

505

445

445.

445

445

390

390

390

390

390

390

390

390

340

340

340

340

340

340

340

Monthly discharge of James River at Buchanan, Va., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1917. 

{Drainage area, 2,060 square miles.]

Month.

January ................................... ...

February. .....................................

March ..................... ..... ....

April..........................................

June. ...................................... ...

July...........................................

August .....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3,050 

510 

3,660 

7,920 

15,000 

58,100 

11,700 

6,840 

3,470 

975 

880 

570

58,100

Minimum.

450 

450 

450 

1,860 

580 

3,670 

1,400 

1,400 

640 

445 

340 

340

340

Mean.

786 

456 

812 

2,870 

3,610 

11,100 

3,700 

2,590 

1,180 

653 

487 

392

2,380

Per

square 

mile.

0.382 

.221 

.394 

1.39 

1.77 

5.39 

1.80 

1.26 

.573 

.317 

.236 

.190

1.16

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.44 

.25 

.45 

1.60 

1.84 

6.21 

2.01 

1.45 

.64 

.37 

.27 

.21

15.74

JAMES RIVER AT CARTERSVILLE, VA.

LOCATION. At highway bridge between Pemberton and Cartersville, Cumberland 

County, about 50 miles above Richmond. Willis Eiver enters from the south 

about a mile above station, and Rivanna River from the north about 7 miles 

above.

DRAINAGE AREA. 6.230 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1, 1899, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Chain on downstream side and near Cartersville end of bridge; read by 

B. W. Palmore. Wire gage used previous to July 24, 1903.
12 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of rocks and sand; shifts somewhat during 

floods. Banks high; left bank is overflowed at a stage of about 20 feet.

EXTREMES or DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 19.9 feet at 9 a. m. 

March 6 (discharge, 66,300 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.78 foot at 9 a. m. 

September 25 and 26 (discharge, 958 second-feet).

1899-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 26.7 feet at 6 p. m. December 30, 1901 

(discharge approximately 106,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.5 foot October 

3, 1914 (discharge, 800 second-feet). A discharge of603 second-feet (gage height 

0.42 foot) was measured September 8, 1897, but gage-height record corresponding 

to this measurement is probably subject to error.

ICE. Ice forms only during severe winters, but stage-discharge relation is seldom

affected thereby.

'ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent during year; not affected 

by ice. Rating curve well defined between 1,300 and 40,000 second-feet, and is 

extended for high stages. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good.

Discharge measurements of James River at Cartersville, Va.. during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Date. Made by 

TjGf* and *W filters

B. E. Jones... ............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

i ^^

2.03

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,920-

4,090

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of James River at Cartersville, Va.', for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

1. .............

4..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

Q

10..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20.............. 

21..............

23.. ............

24..............

25..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

3,400

5,020

4.190

2,650

2,470

1,790

1,550

1,550

1,470

1,390

1,210

1,310

1,470

1,390

1,470

1,310

1,470

1,550

2,300

5,920 

5,020

4,810

4,390

3,020

2,830

2,130 

1,960

1,960

1,790

1,550

Nov.

1,790

1,790

1,790

1,790

1,880

1,630

1,630

1,550

1,470

1,630

1,550

1,630

1,790

1,960

1 790

1,790

1,630

1,790

1,550 

1,630

1,390

1,470

1,710

1,790

1,790 

1,880

2,130

2,300

Dec.

2,300

2,300

2,130

1,880

1,790

1,960

1,880

1,710

1,630

1,550

1,630

1,960

2,830

2,470

2,300

2,130

2

1 QA

1,960

1,790

1,790 

2,300

4 190

11^700

6,150

5,460

4,810 

4,810

5.460

5,240

5.240

Jan.

9,190

8,920

9,460

6,630

5, 240

5,460

7,870

8,130

6,390

5,020

4,390

S oon

7,360

5,690

5,240

5,690 

5,240

5,690

5,690

11,100

8,650

6,870 

5,920

5,690

6,390

6,630

Feb.

6,870

7,610

7,610

7,360,

7,110

6,390

5,460

4,810

4,600

4,390

3 QQft

3 Finn

3 7QO

S oon

S oon

3,790

3,400 

4,600

9,460

9 1 on

15,200

20,000

21,600 

11, 700

.......

Mar.

12,200

15,200

29,300

39,700

62,200

64,900

43,700

24,700

20,300

19 000

i r cnn

14,000

16,800

99 3fin

27,800

32,900

22,300 

17,100

17,400

12,200

12,800

19,000

27,500

21,600 

17,700

14,000

11,700

10,300

Apr.

9,730

7,870

7,360

6,870

8,920

32,900

27,500

1Q AAA

15,500

iQ 4Aft

10,600

11^700

10.600

o' 7^n

8,390

7 870

7,360 

5,920

6.150

"6,390

5,920

5,920

5,690

5,690 

5,460

5,460

5,920

May.

5,690

6,150

6,390

6,870

.10,600

7,360

6,870

7,610

8,920

8,650

8,920

8,390

7,360

8,130

5,920

5,240

4,600

4,190 

3,990

3,590

3,590

3,400

3,210

3,210

3,400 

3,990

5,240

8,130

10,600

June.

9,460

7.110

10,000

7,870

5,690

4,81ff

4,390

3,990

5,020

8,920

10,800

10,300

5,460

5,020

5,020

4,600

3,210 

3,210

3,210

3,590

3,020

2,650

2,300

2,470 

3,990

3,590

4,600

July.

2,830

2,130

1,880

2,130

1,960

2,470

1,880

1,630

1 880

1 Qfifl

2,300

1,880

1,630

1 8SO

1,960

2,650

2,130

1,960 

2 470

3,020

4,810

5,020

4,600

5,460

3,990 

3,990

3,590

2,650

2,130

Aug.

2,300

2,130

2,040

4, COO

2,470

1 790

1^630

1,470

2,830

2 830

2' 650

1,710

1,390

1,180

1,310

1,310

1,630

1,470

1,310 

1.310

1,280

1,120

10,000

3,400

2,830

1,390 

1,290

1,210

1,130

1,630

Sept.

1,630

1,470

1,390

1,630

1,630

2,130

2,040

2,470

3,400

i Qfirt

1,630

1,630

1,550

1,470

1,630

1,470

1,470-

1,250

1,310 

1,25O

1,390

1.390

990

971

990

1,170 

1-280

1,740

1,630
ROANOKE RIVER BASIN. 13

Monthly discharge of James River at Cartersville, Fa.,/or the year ending Sept. 30, 1917. 

[Drainage area, 6,230 square miles.]

Month.

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

5,920 

2,300 

11,700 

. 11, 100 

21,600 

04,900 

32,900 

11,400 

10,800 

5,460 

4,600 

3,590

64,900

Minimum.

1,210 

1,390 

1,630 

4,390 

3,210 

10,300 

5,460 

3,210 

2,300 

1,630 

1,120 

974

974

Mean.

2,500 

1,740 

3,460 

0,730 

7.030 

23i 300 

10, 900 

6,370 

5, 340 

2,690 

2,230 

1..650

6,170

Per 

square 

mile.

0.401 

.279 

. 555 

1.08 

1.13 

3.74 

1.75 

1.02 

-.857 

.432 

.358 

.265

.990

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.46 

.31 

.64 

1.24 

1.18 

4.31 

1.95 

1. 18 

.96 

.50 

.41 

.30

13.44

ROANOKE RIVER BASIN. 

ROANOKE RIVER AT ROANOKE, VA.

LOCATION. At Walnut Street highway bridge in Roanoke, Roanoke County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 388 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 10, 1896 to July 15, 1906; May 7, 1907 to September 30, 

1917.

GAGE. Chain on downstream side of Walnut Street bridge; read by employees of 

Roanoke Railway & Electric Co. Wire gage used previous to November 28, 1903.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of Walnut Street bridge, 

or from Jefferson Street bridge, about one-third mile above. Measurement of 

overflow from Crystal Spring, which enters river between the two bridges, is 

added when discharge measurements are made at Jefferson Street bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of coarse gravel and small boulders. Banks 

may be overflowed at extreme flood stages. Control, loose boulders; shifts slightly.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.2 feet at 7.30 

a. m. March 5 (discharge, 5,870 second-feet); minimum, 0.53 foot at 6 a. m. 

August 31 (discharge, 46 second-feet).

1896-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 14.34 feet August 6, 1901 (discharge, 

16,900 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, zero on morning of December 23, 

1909, when flow was retarded by freezing (practically no water flowing).

ICE. Ice seldom forms at station, but flow is sometimes retarded by freezing of headwaters.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent throughout the year; 

not affected by ice. Rating curve fairly well denned below 2,000 second-feet, 

but definition is doubtful at high stages owing to lack of discharge measurements. 

Gage read to half-tenths or quarter-tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Results fair.

COOPERATION. Gage-height records furniahed by Roanoke Railway & Electric Co., 

J. W. Hancock, general manager.
14 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

Discharge measurements ofRoanoke River at Roanoke, Va., during the year ending Sept. SO,

1917.

Date.

T)rt/» Q

Made by- Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.83

.73

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

102

82.2

Daily dii , in second-feet, of Roanoke River at Roanoke, Va., for the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

1.... ..........

2..............

3..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

125

112

112

103

98

103

98

98

98

103

OS

98

98

98

93

98

120

142

618

376

270

195

158

125

125

125

125

125

120

151

142

Nov.

132

125

125 19>;

112

112

103

98

98

112

125

112

142

125

125

112

112

112

112

112

103

125

142

112

120

QQ

98

19^

Dec.

112

106

112

112

109

106

98

IftQ

106

117

1*30

75

98

86

112

109

48

75

106

326

OK7

195

158

151

158

00 C

1 QC

Jan.

158

235

158

OK7

850

770

550

430

326

279

1<K

1 CO

235

195

195

158

195

158

1 Q*\

430 376

376

302

279

279

770

618

Feb.

550

KKrt

279

00 C

302

302

7C

inc

142

195

376

195

488

654

430

fiQA

1,230

770

618

CCfk

Mar.

488

1,440

2.140

3.580

5,870

2,260

1,130

895

770

fiKA

618 fion

690

770

690

1 *¥%(\

1,440

1 030

770

730

1,330

895

770

con

ec4

519

Apr.

430

403

366

341

366

1,030

690

618

550

488

430

430

488

366

366

366

341

317

317

270

317

293

270

270

270

270

293

317

May.

293

270

248

248

317

293

293

366

584

584

459

366

317

293

270

227

207

207

188

169

207

207

169

151

227

430

188

June.

151

151

188

227

135

135

135

135

135

120

120

120

120

120

120

120

106

106

93

93

93

106

93

93

93

82

93

106

106

July.

93

93

82

82

82

82

71

120

151

135

120

106

93

106

82

82

120

248

188

151

120

120

690

519

690

519

366

270

169

ivi

120

Aug.

106

106

106

106

93

71

82

93

93

93

82

71

71

82

82

71

71

71

71

62

71

71

71

71

71

62

62

62

53

KQ

46

Sept.

71

62

62

71

62

62

62

71

82

82

82

71

71

62

62

62

62

62

62

53

53

53

 53

53

KQ

53

53

KO

53

AO

Monthly discharge of Roanoke River at Roanoke, Va., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1917.

[Drainage area, 388 square miles.]

Month.

The year ........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

618 

142 

326 

850 

1,230 

5,870 

1,440 

584 

227 

690 

106 

82

5,870

Minimum.

93 

98 

48 

158 

75 

459 

248 

151 

82 

71 

46 

53

46

Mean.

147 

117 

138 

334 

396 

1,240 

432 

291 

120 

194 

76.6 

62.5

296

Per 

square 

mile.

0.379 

.302 

.356 

.861 

1.02 

3.19 

1.11 

.750 

.309 

.500 

.197 

.161

.763

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.44 

.34 

.41 

.99 

1.06 

3.68 

1.24 

.86 

.34 

- .58 

.23 

.18

10.35
ROAWOKE RIVER BASIN. 15

ROAffOKE RIVER AT OLD GASTON, N. C.

LOCATION. At bridge of Roanoke Railway Co. at Old Gaston, Northampton County, 

about three-fourths mile below mouth of Indian Creek, 1J miles north of Thelma, 

2| miles above mouth of Deep Creek, and 12 miles above Weldon.

DEAINAGE AREA. 8,350 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. December 7, 1911, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to outside of guard timber on downstream side of second 

span from right end of deck-railroad bridge of Roanoke Railway Co.; read by 

R. A. Howell.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge to which gage 

is attached. Measuring section broken by 11 bridge piers.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel fairly permanent; control, about a mile below 

gage, is of rock and probably permanent. Left bank subject to overflow in 

extreme floods, but a fair determination can be made of the overflow discharge 

around the bridge.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, li.O feet March 6 

and 7 (discharge, 77,100 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.0 foot September 28 

(discharge, 900 second-feet).

1911-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 16.6 feet at 7 a. m. March 18, 1912 (discharge, 210,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.95 foot at 6 a. m. October 1, 1914 

(discharge, 790 second-feet). .

Flood of 1877 highest known in this locality. No definite marks preserved 

at Old Gaston, but from authentic information regarding the crest height as 

observed in 1877 the approximate height has been determined as about 19 feet 

referred to present gage datum. The corresponding discharge is about 275,000 

second-feet.

ICE. Ice sometimes forms to considerable thickness at this station, but the stagedischarge relation is seldom affected thereby.

REGULATION. During periods of low water there are variations in flow, probably due 

to weekly (Sunday) shutdown of large power plants farther up strearriB. These 

variations are observable at power plants at Roanoke Rapids and Weldon on 

Tuesdays or Wednesdays.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; not affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined below 33,300 second-feet, and fairly well defined to 

180,000 second-feet. Gage read to half-tenths once daily. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table. Records excellent.

Discharge measurements of Roanoke River at Old Gaston, N. C., during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1917.

Date.

July 2

Made by 

B. E. Jones............. -.-...-.-.-- -..--.-.......-...-.........-..-.....-

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.67

2.18

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

2,520

4,390
16 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Roanoke River at Old Gaston, N. C., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14.......'.......

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22. .............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1.600

5,340

3.960

3.470

2,540

2,250

2,540

1,600

5,340

3,960

2,690

2,250

1 980

l'S50

2,110

2.390

2,110

1,360

3,310

3,800

14,700

11,900

9,020

7,280

3,470

2,110

3,000

2,110

3,000

2,840

Nov.

2,250

1,600

2,840

2,540

2,250

2,540

2,390

1,850

2,840

3,000

3,000

2,840

2,690

2,540

3,160

3,470

3,160

2,540

2,250

1,600

1,360

2,390

3,000

2,690

2,110

1,600

1,360

2,840

2,250

Dee.

2,540

3,160

3,160

2,840

2,250

2,540

2,250

2,540

2,690

2,690

3,000

3,310

4,980

5,700

6,080

1,480

2,540

2,110

2,690

4, 460

"6,080

3,470

6,470

6,470

5,700

4,800

6,470

6,470

5,700

Jan.

5,160

4,630

5,340

6,080

4,460

10,400

13,000

14,700

9,960

6,470

6,870

4,460

6,470

7,280

9,020

8,570

9,490

9,960

10,900

9,960

8,570

7,700

9,020

8,130

9,960

8,570

7,700

8,570

13,000

15,300

Feb.

16,600

11,400

8,130

6,470

4,290

3,630

5..340

4,460

8,570

7,280

7 700

3' 470

3,630

3,470

4,290

4 g3o

5,700

7,280

9,020

9,960

15,300

14,700

11,900

9,960

Mar.

15,900

31,500

31,500

59,600

64,300

77,100

77,100

64,300

14,200

10,900

7,280

9,020

9,020

8,570

8 130

29' 800

31,500

23,600

15,300

11,900;'

10,900

11,400

39, 700

34,200

25,100

20,600

14,200

10,900

9,960

Apr.

8,570

7,700

6, 470

6,870

7,280

11,900

36,000

39,700

18,500

15,300

11,900

9,490

9,020

9

AOA

8,130

7,280

7,280

6,870

6,470

5,700

4,460

3,960

3,630

3,470

6,470

6,080

4,980

5,700

4,460

May.

6,470

6,470

5> 700

6,470

7,280

9,960

9,020

9,020

9,960

10,400

9,020

8,130

6,870

6,080

5,340

5,700

4,800

3,960

3,470

3,470

3,160

3, 310

3,000

2,390

1,980

1,600

3,470

3,470

3,800

5,700

6,470

June.

4,460

3,630

4,290

4,120

3,470

3,310

4,460

5,160

9,020

14,200

25,100

17,900

15,300

10,900

8,130

5,340

4,800

4,290

3,800

3,470

2,390

3,160

3,470

5,160

3,800

3,470

3,310

3,630

9,020

July.

4,800

4,120

3,310

4,630

5,700

4,980

6,470

5,340

3,470

4,290

5,340

3,630

4,630

4,290

3,470

3,630

4,630

8,130

11,900

9,020

6,470

10,400

13,000

19,200

22,800

23,600

25,100

22,800

14, 700

9,490

4,630

Aug.

3,630

3,310

3,000

8,130

9,490

4,630

3,310

3,630

3,000

3,000

2,390

3,000

3,310

1,850

2,110

1,600

2,690

3,000

1,600

2,690

2,110

1,600

1,850

1,360

1,850

4,630

3,000

2,690

1,600

1,850

2,690

Sept.

3,310

14,200

11,400

9,490

8,130

6,080

3,960

10,900

7,280

6,080

4,980

4,290

3, 960

4,630

3,310

2,390

1,850

1,600

1,360

1,600

1,850

2,110

3,000

2,110

1,600

1,360

900

1,360

3,310

Monthly discharge of RoanoTce River at Old Gaston, N. C., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1917.

[Drainage area, 8,350 square miles.)

Month.

April. .........................................

&iay... ........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

14,700 

3,630 

6,470 

15,300 

16,600 

77; 100 

39,700 

10,400 

35,100 

25,100 

9,490 

14,200

77,100

Minimum.

1,360 

1,360 

1,480 

4,460 

3,470 

7,280 

3,470 

1,600 

2,390 

3,310 

1,360 

900

900

Mean.

3,890 

2,490 

3,870 

8,530 

7,760 

26,200 

9,790 

5,680 

7,590 

8,970 

3,050 

4,710

7,720

Per 

square 

mile.

0.466 

.298 

.463 

1.02 

.929 

3.14 

1.17 

.680 

.909 

1.07 

.365 

.564

9.25

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.54 

.33 

.53 

1.18 

.97 

3.62 

1.30 

.78 

1.01 

1.23 

.42 

.63

12.54

PEEDEE RIVER BASIN. 

YADKIN RIVER AT DONNAHA, N. C.

LOCATION. At toll bridge in Donnaha, Forsyth County, on road between Donnaha 

and East Bend, about a quarter of a mile west of Donnaha railroad station, S 

miles downstream from mouth of Ararat River, which enters from the left, and 

60 miles upstream from gaging station at Salisbury, N, C.
PEEDEE RIVER BASII*. 17

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,600 square miles. '

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 11, 1913, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Vertical gage in four sections on left bank, 150 feet downstream from left end 

of toll bridge; read twice daily by J. F. Goolsby.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Prior to flood in July, 1916, measurements were made 

from the toll bridge; bridge washed out in July 1916; no measurements after 

that year.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and bedrock; probably permanent, 

Current slightly obstructed by two old steel trusses lying about 150 and 400 feet, 

respectively, below bridge; obstruction probably permanent. Control is a rock 

ledge extending across river and forming a shoal about 450 feet below gage.

EXTREMES OP STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 13.3 feet at 8 a. m. 

September 1 (discharge not determined); minimum stage, 5.2 feet several days 

in August and September (discharge not determined).

1913-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 40.0 feet at 8 a. m. July 16, 1916, determined by observer who measured from flood marks down to water surface at a 

lower stage (discharge not determined); minimum stage, 4.65 feet at 4 p. m. 

September 30, 1914 (discharge, 678 second-feet).

ICE. Never enough to affect stage-discharge relation.

REGULATION. None except for a few small mill dams on tributaries.

Data inadequate for determination of discharge.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Yadkin River at Donndha, N. C., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2.. ...........

3..............

4.. ...........

...............

6.............. 

7......... . ..

8..............

9.............. 

10..............

11..............

12..............

13.............. 

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22. .............

23.............. 

24..............

25..............

26..............

27.............. 

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Oct.

5.9

5.9

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.9 

5.9

5.8

5.8 

5.8

5.8

5.9

6.3 

6.0

6.0

5.8

6.0

6.4

10.6

9.7

8.2

6.8

6.2 

6.0

5.9

5.9

5.9 

5.8

5.8 

5.8

5.8

Nov.

5.7

5.7

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8 

5.8

5.8

6.0

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.7 

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6 

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.7 

5.7

5.7 

5.7

Dec.

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6 

5.6

5.6

5.6 

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6 

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.7

5.7

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8 

6.0

6.0

5.9

5.8 

5.8

5.8 

5.8

5.7

Jan.

5.7

5.7

5.8

5.8

6.1

6.0 

5.9

5.9

5.8 

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8 

5.9

6.0

6.2

6.2

6.0

6.0

6.0

5.9

5.8

5.8 

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.8 

5.8

5.9 

5.9

5.9

Feb.

5.9

6.0

6.6

8.0

7.0

6.5 

6.4

6.2

6.0 

6.0

5.9

5.8

5.8 

5.8

5.8

6.0

6.0

6.2

6.2

6.4

6.8

7.0

6.9 

7.8

7.2

6.6

6.4 

6.2

Mar.

6.6

7.4

8.5

10.4

10.4

9.4 

8.9

8.2

7.8 

7.2

6.8

6.6

6.6 

6.6

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.3

6.4

6.2

6.0 

10.4

8.2

8.3

7.8 

7.2

6.6 

6.1

5.9

Apr.

6.0

6.0

6.2

6.6

9 9

10.2 

6.9

6.0

5.9 

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.7 

5.6

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.7

5.7

5.8

5.9

5.8

5.9 

5.8

5.7

5.7

5.7 

5.7

5.7 

5.7

May.

5.7

5.6

5.7

5.6

5.6

5.6 

5.8

6.6

6.1 

5.8

5.8

5.7

5.7 

5.7

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6 

5.8

6.8

7.0

6.3

5.9

5.9 

5.8

5.7

June.

5.7

5.8

5.7

5.8

5.8

5.6 

5.7

5.8

5.8 

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8 

5.8

5.8

5.8

6.0

6.0

5.9

5.8

5.8

5.9

5.8 

5.7

5.7

5.6

5.6 

5.6

5.6 

5.6

July.

5.4

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.4 

5.4

5.4

5.4 

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.4 

5.4

7.2

6.2

5.9

6.2

6.4

6.1

6.0

6.0

5.8 

6.5

9.6

9.2

6.9 

6.2

6.1 

5.9

5.8

Aug.

5.6

5.4

5.4

5.3

5

0

5.3 

5.3

5

0

5.3 

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.2 

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.3

5,2

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.3 

5.3

5.3

5.4

5.7

Sept.

11.4

7 *>

6.0

7.0

6.4 

5.9

5.6 

5.5

5.4

5.4

5.4 

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2 

5.4

5.4

5.2

5.2 

5.2

5.2 

5.2

112129° 20 WSP 452 2
18 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 190.7, PART II. 

YADKIN RIVER NEAR SALISBURY, N. C.

LOCATION. At highway bridge known as Piedmont toll bridge, 1,000 feet upstream 

from Southern Railway bridge, 4 miles east of Spencer, 5 miles downstream from 

mouth of South Yadkin River, 6 miles east of Salisbury, Rowan County, and 26 

miles upstream from American Aluminum Co.'s hydroelectric plant near WMtney, N. C.

DRAINAGE AREA. 3,400 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 24, 1895, to December 31,1909; September 1,1911, 

to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to highway bridge; read by J. T. Yarbrough. From the 

date of establishment to May 31, 1899, the gage was at the Southern Railway 

bridge, and from the latter date it was at the highway bridge until moved back to 

the railroad bridge early in 1903, where it remained until the end of 1905. Since 

January 1, 1906, the gage has been at the highway bridge at the datum originally 

established there in 1899. The last gage at the railroad bridge read the same as 

the gage at the highway bridge at gage height 3.2 feet, but not for higher and lower 

stages. Datum of the original gage at the railroad bridge somewhat uncertain.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge. During the time that 

gage was at railroad bridge most of the measurements were made from that bridge. 

During flood of July, 1916, water rose over floor of highway bridge, making it necessary to use railroad bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel wide and rather rough. Control is a rock ledge 

about 500 feet below bridge, extending entirely across river.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 11.2 feet at 6 p. m. 

March 5 (discharge, 45,800 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.71 feet at 7 a. m. 

August 30 (discharge, 1,180 second-feet).

1895-1909; 1911-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 23.8 feet at 1 a. m. July 18, 

1916 (discharge, 121,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.2 feet September 20, 

October 5, November 22 and 26, 1897 (discharge, 900 second-feet).

ICE. Never enough to affect stage-discharge relation.

REGULATION. Flow during low stages may be slightly affected by developed powers 

on the river and tributaries above.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. Rating curve well 

defined below 20,000 second-feet and fairly well defined between 20,000 and 

121,000 second-feet. Gage read to half-tenths twice daily; during high water read 

oftener. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to 

rating table. Records good.

No discharge measurements were made during the year.
PEEDEE EIVEE, BASIF.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Yadkin River near Salisbury, N. C.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

l..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

3,790

3,210

2,930

2,800

2,930

2,800

2,660

2,660

2,800

2,660

2,800

2,660

2,540

2,410

2 fifin

2,660

2,660

3,500

6 460

18,500

6,840

4,400

3,790

3,500

3,210

3,210

3,210

2,930

2,930

2,930

2,930

Nov.

3,070

2,930

2,800

2,660

2 fifift

3,070

2,660

2,660

2,660

2,800

2,660

2,930

2,930

2,660

2,930

2,930

2,660

2,660

2,660

2,930

2,540

2,660

2,660

2,800

3,210

2 Q?n

2,930

2,660

2 fififl

2,800

Dec.

2,930

2,930

2,660

2,800

2,660

2,660

2,540

2,800

2,410

2,660

3,070

3,500

5,050

4,090

3,210

2,930

2 fifin

3,070

2 fififi

2,290

2 540

5,390

4 090

3,500

3 91fi

3,360

4,720

3,940

3,640

Jan.

3,210

2,930

3,210

3,940

4,400

8,000

7,220

5,050

3,500

3,790

3,500

3,210

2,930

3,500

4,090

3,940

4,090

5,740

4 240

4 240

4^090

4,408

4,090

3,640

3,500

12,000

8,400

Feb.

8,800

8,400

5,050

3,500

3,300

2,930

3,210

4,090

4,090

3,640

2,930

2,930

2,930

9 Q^Sfl

3,070

3,500

3,360

3,210

3 7QO

6 840

10,800

7,220

5,050

9,600

9,600

5,740

5,050

4,090

Mar.

8,800

15,600

15,200

20,500

da 4fln

32,600

12,400

8,000

6 840

5' 740

5,050

5,050

5,740

5,390

5,050

4,720

7,220

13,400

8,800

6,100

5,050

5,050

16,000

29,000

15,600

8,000

8,800

6,460

5,390

5,050

Apr.

4,400

4,400

5,740

4,090

R dfin

24,600

14,700

7,220

8,800

7,220

5,740

5,050

5,050

5,050

4,720

4,400

4,090

3,940

3,210

3,500

4,090

3 7on

3 640

3 790

4,090

3,940

3 Ton

3,500

May.

4,090

4,240

3,790

3,640

4 400

4,400

3,790

i OQft

4,090

3,790

3,500

3,360

3,210

3,210

3,210

3,210

3,070

2,930

2 QOfl

2,930

9 cwn

2,660

3,500

3,210

2 660

2,660

2,930

2

QOA

2 QQft

2,660

June.

2,660

2,540

2,660

3,500

2 two

2,660

2,660

2,540

3,640

5,390

5,050

3,210

2,660

5,050

4,720

3,360

2,800

2,410

2,410

2,410

2 660

2,540

2,410

2,540

2,170

2,060

2,660

3,210

3,640

July.

2,660

2,410

1,940

2,800

6 460

3,640

2,410

2,660

3,790

2,660

2,170

2,170

2,930

8,800

8,000

5,740

6,840

9,600

7,220

5,740

6,460

10,800

9,600

8,800

11,200

6,100

4,720

3,790

3,210

2,930

Aug.

2,930

3,210

6 460

3 7Qfl

2,930

2,410

2,410

3,210

2,660

2; 170

2,170

2,060

2,290

2,800

2.660

2,170

1 940

1^940

1 840

1,840

1,940

2,060

1,630

1,840

1,530

1,530 i;sso

9,200

Sept.

33,200

34,400

4,400

3

7Qrt.

5,740

3,360

3,070

2.930

3,210

2,800

2,800

2,170

2,060

1,940

2,060

2,060

1,940

2,060

1,940

1,730

1,630

1,730

1,840

1,840

1,630

1,630

2,060

2,290

2,540

Monthly discharge of Yadkin River near Salisbury, N. C., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1917.

[Drainage area, 3,400 square miles.]

Month,

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

18,500 

3,210 

5,390 

12,000 

10,800 

43,400 

24,600 

4,400 

5,390 

11,200 

9,200 

34,400

43,400

Minimum.

2,410 

2,540 

2,290 

2,930 

2,930 

4,720 

3,210 

2,660 

2,060 

1,940 

1,530 

1,630

1,530

Mean.

3,740 

2,790 

3,290 

4,640 

4,990 

11,100 

5,700 

3,380 

3,060 

5,170 

2,860 

5,100

4,660

Per 

square 

mile.

1.10 

.821 

.968 

1.36 

1.47 

3.26 

1.68 

.994 

.900 

1.52 

.841 

1.50

1.37

Run-off 

(depth, in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.27 

.92 

1.12 

1.57 

1.53 

3.76 

1.87 

1.15 

1.00 

1.75 

.97 

1.67

18.58
20 SURFACE WATEK SUPPLY, 1917, PAKT II.

SANTEE RIVER. BASIN. 

CATAWBA RIVER AT RHODHISS, N. C.

LOCATION. At new highway bridge 1,000 feet below dam of Rhodhiss Manufacturing 

Co., 1 mile from Carolina & North Western Railroad station in Rhodhiss, Caldwell 

County. The tailrace of the company's cotton mills empties into river 300 feet 

upstream from gage.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,180 square miles (determined by Rhodhiss Manufacturing Co.).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 13 to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to upstream side of highway bridge; read by H. C. Cobb.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from the bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of rock; probably permanent.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during period of records, 8.58 

feet at 7 a. m., September 1 (discharge, 18,800 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 1.35 feet at 12.30 p. m., August 30 (discharge, 635 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Slight fluctuation at low stages caused by operation of power plant of 

the Rhodhiss Manufacturing Co.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation probably permanent. Rating curve fairly well 

defined between 700 and 1,300 second-feet and well denned between 1,300 and 

10,000 second-feet; extended above 10,000- second-feet. Gage read to halftenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage 

height to rating table. Records good except those below 1,000 second-feet, which 

are subject to error owing to regulation caused by operation of power plant, and 

those above 10,000 second-feet, which are fair.

Discharge measurements of Catawba River at Rhodhiss, N. C., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

[Made by C. C. Babb.]

Date.

Apr. 19.. .....................

27.......................

June 26. ............ .........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.40

2.50

2.15

2.00

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,750

1,880

1,380

1 i en

Date.

July 19. ......................

25.......................

Aug. 18... ....................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.15

4.40

1.65

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

2.910

6.130

780
EDISTO RIVER BASIN.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Catawbti, River at Rhodhiss, N. C.,for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1917.

Day.

1.....................................................

2.....................................................

3.....................................................

4.......... ..........................................

5.....................................................

6............. ... .... ... ............. .. . ..

7.....................................................

8.....................................................

9.....................................................

10.....................................................

11.....................................................

12.....................................................

13.....................................................

14.....................................................

15.....................................................

16.....................................................

17.....................................................

18.....................................................

19.....................................................

20.....................................................

21.....................................................

22.....................................................

23.....................................................

24.............................:.......................

25.....................................................

26.....................................................

27.....................................................

28.....................................................

29.....................................................

30

31.....................................................

Apr.

2,290

2,290

2,110

1,940

1,770

1,770

1,770

1,770

1,690

1,770

1,610

1,610

1,610

1,860

1,940

1,610

1,610

1,860

May.

1,770

1 610

1,540

1,540

1,690

1,460

1,540

1.540

1,690

1,540

1,460

1,400

1,400

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,270

1,330

1,270

1,270

1,270

1,400

1,610

1,400

1,270

1,050

1,270

1,640

1,270

1,210

1,160

June.

1,210

1,160

1,160

1,160

1,100

1,330

1,270

1,210

1,270

2,290

1,860

1,400

1,210

1,160

1,160

1,160

1,210

l,lfiO

1,100

1,100

1,050

1,100

1,100

1,160

1,050

1,160

950

1,000

1,000

1,000

July.

950

900

1,160

1,610

1,160

1,050

950

1,770

1,270

1,100

950

1,000

1,540

1,460

1,540

1,460

1,160

2,290

3,230

2,290

2,290

2,470

3,880

3,030

6,100

3,230

2,290

2,290

2,020

1,540

1,460

Aug.

1,460

1,540

1,940

1,460

1,210

1,100

1,330

1,210

1,460

1,270

1,160

1,050

1,050 J

1,050

1,160

1,050

900

880

858

900

1,050

1,000

1,000

1,100

1,100

1,050

1,000

815

778

858

' Sept.

15,400

2,650

1,690

9 9QO

1,640

1,460

1,270

1,050

1,210

1,050

1,000

950

1,000

975

900

950

960

QCA

1,000

1,210

1,540

1,160

1,000

950

1,000

1,610

1,690

1,860

NOTE. Discharge interpolated Apr. 15,16, Aug. 5, 19, and Sept. 16.

Accuracy of records, Sept. 10-21, affected to some extent by regulation above gage.

Monthly discharge of Catawba River at Rhodhiss, N. C.,for the year ending Sept. 30,1917. 

[Drainage area, 1,180 square miles.]

Month.

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,770 

2,290 

6,100 

1,940 

15,400

Minimum.

1,060 

950 

900 

778 

900

Mean.

1,410 

1,210 

1,920 

1,130 

1,770

Per 

square 

mile.

1.19 

1.03 

1.63

.958 

1.50

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.37 

1.15

1.88 

1.10 

1.67

EDISTO RIVER BASIN. 

FOUR HOLE CREEK NEAR RIDGEVILLE, S. C.

LOCATION. At Horseford's bridge, 3^ miles west of RidgevtLle, Dorchester County, 

5 miles upstream from Harley's bridge and 5J miles upstream from junction of 

creek with Edisto River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 600 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 16, 1914, to September 30, 1917, when station was 

discontinued.
22 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, JPART II.

GAGE. Gage No. 1, which is the upper gage, is a Gurley seven-day graph waterstage recorder, installed December 9, 1915, on left bank of creek, 200 feet downstream from Horseford's bridge; October 6 to December 8, 1915, reference staff 

gage was read occasionally; November 18, 1914, to December 8, 1915, Gurley 

printing gage; November 16 and 17, 1914, vertical staff; all gages at same site 

and datum.

Gage No. 2 is a Stevens water-stage recorder, installed January 9, 1915, on right 

bank 150 feet downstream from Harley's bridge, and 5 miles downstream from 

gage No. 1; datum same as gage No. 1.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from Horseford's bridge or by wading. At 

extremely high stages overflow channels are measured by wading or from a boat, 

and the main channel is measured from the bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bottom hard; banks low and flat, overgrown with brush 

and trees. Below a stage of 13 feet flow is in one channel; between 13 and 

17 feet flow is through three channels, and above 17 feet stream spreads over 

wide swamps. Gage height of zero flow, about 9.6 feet. Stage-discharge relation 

permanent below gage height 16 feet although there is no defined control; above 

16 feet stage-discharge relation is affected by backwater from Edisto River.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge during year, 1,670 

second-feet March 2; minimum mean daily stage, from water-stage recorder No. 1, 

9.83 feet June 30 and July 1 (discharge, 2.6 second-feet).

1914-1917: Maximum stage, from water-stage recorder No. 1, 24.75 feet at 

6 p. m. July 29, 1916 (discharge, 13,400 second-feet); minimum stage from recorder 

No. 1, 9.65 feet June 14, 1916 (discharge, 1 second-foot).

ICE. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent for stages below 16 feet: stages above 

that point are affected by backwater from Edisto River. Rating curve well 

defined below 540 second-feet (16-foot stage); above this point a well-defined 

"normal curve" (see below) extends to 16,000 second-feet. Operation of waterstage recorder No. 1 has been satisfactory during the year except October 23-26 

and August 12-24. Operation of water-stage recorder No. 2 has 'been satisfactory 

throughout the periods for which the records were used in determining daily 

discharge by slope method.

Daily discharge for stages below 16 feet ascertained by applying mean daily 

gage height, determined by inspecting gage-height graph from gage No. 1, to the 

rating table. Discharge for stages above 16 feet is affected by varying slope of 

stream surface due to backwater from Edisto River; discharge at such stages 

determined by " slope method." * 

Records for most of the year are good.

Discharge measurements of Four Hole Creek near Ridgeville, S. C. , during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Date.

Nov. 15

July 16

Made by 

Eason and Hall... . ................................................. ^ ....

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

10.82

14.62

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

28.9

310

i Hall, M. E., Hall, W. E., and Pierce, C. H., a method of determining the daily discharge of rivers of 

variable slope: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 345, p. 63,1915.
EDISTO EIVEE BASIN. 23

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Four Hole Creek near Ridgeville, S. C., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4. .............

5..............

6..............

7. .............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22........'......

23..............

2i. .............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

54

44

35

30

41

40

35

32

30

28

24

23

20

18

16

14

13

12

86

82

88

115

174

225

270

285

280

240

190

154

138

Nov.

101

79

65

56

50

47

44

41

38

35

34

32

32

30

32

41

40

36

34

32

30

29

30

34

36

34

33

32«Mi

44

Dee.

54

58

58

58

58

58

58

58

58

59

60

72

88

94

98

101

104

104

112

115

122

126

130

134

142

150

158

158

158

154

142

Jan.

134

130

134

134

134

154

158

162

162

162

166

166

166

170

174

178

182

182

182

178

174

178

186

210

255

275

300 *rtn

400

470

Feb.

494

806

1,380

1,620

1,520

1,310

1,090

964

865

799

747

725

693

666

648

622

581

556

569

624

666

669

662

653

678

768

900

1,150

Mar.

1,440

1,670

1,630

1,470

1,310

1,250

1,260

1,330

1,390

1,370

1,280

1,230

1,200

1,160

1,090

990

882

759

682

616

520

490

452

430

480

591

651

732

788

768

745

Apr.

737

804

909

964

997

983

915

826

772

765

713

632

606

631

642

662

655

641

627

662

552

517

463

460

392

340

295

260

225

186

May.

150

126

108

108

225

245

235

275

290

260

206

162

126

108

98

94

98

98

91

85

79

68

54

42

33

26

23

20

19

18

14

June.

11

10

15

42

36

22

25

44

79

98

122

88

65

46

36

30

26

21

18

16

13

11

9.4

8.0

6.6

4.6

3.4

3.0

2.8

2.6

July.

2.6

3.0

7.0

14

21

28

178

385

534

524

520

392

318

305

300

305

348

438

540

755

787

686

438

340

270

230

210

206

215

255

325

Aug.

392

400

348

270

198

134

85

58

56

54

65

70

70

79

91

94

88

82

70

59

48

38

29

20

14

12

17

17

9.2

3.2

3.8

Sept.

11

18

44

40

30

38

58

73

79

88

158

190

332

945

1,230

1,030

801

430

295

210

154

115

88

65

50

41

34

40

138

280

NOTE. Discharge determined as follows: For discharges below 540 second-feet, determined from a welldefined rating curve; Feb. 1 to Mar. 20, Mar. 26 to Apr. 23, July 9,10, 20-22, and Sept. 14-17, by applying 

slope corrections to a fairly well-defined normal rating curve, the slope correction being accurately determined from continuous gage-height record at both gages.

Monthly discharge of Four Hole Creek near Ridgeville, S. C., for the year ending Sept.

30, 1917.

[Drainage area, 600 square miles.]

Month.

January .....................................

April .................. .............

July. ................................ .

September.... . ..............................

The year. ..............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

285 

. 101 

158 

470 

1.620 

1,670 

997 

290 

122 

787 

400 

1,230

1,670

Minimum.

12 

29 

54 

130 

494 

430 

186 

14 

2.6 

2.6 

3.2 

11

2.6

Mean.

89.9 

41.2 

100 

199 

837 

989 

628 

116 

30.5 

319 

95.9 

237

303

Per square 

mile.

0.150 

.069 

.167 

.332 

1.40 

1.65 

1.05 

.193 

.051 

.532 

.160 

.395

.505

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.17 

.08 

.19 

.38 

1.46 

1.90 

1.17 

.22 

.06 

.61 

.18 

.44

6.86

NOTE. The correct discharge for July 21, 1916, is 4,650 second-feet and not 8,360 second-feet as published 

in Water-Supply Paper 432, p. 23. Correct discharge for the month. 4,000 second-feet, or 6.67 second-feet 

per square mile, corresponding to a run-off of 7.69 inches from the drainage basin above station. Mean 

discharge for the year ending Sept. 30, 1916, is 675 second-feet, or 1.12 second-feet per square mile, corresponding to a run-off of 15.31 inches from the edrainage basin abovestation.
24 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

SAVANNAH BIVEB BASIN. 

CHATTOOGA RIVER NEAR TALLULAH FALLS, GA.

LOCATION. About 300 feet above mouth of Camp Creek, 5J miles above junction 

with Tallulah River, and 8 miles east of Tallulah Falls, Rabun County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 256 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1 to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Gurley 7-day recording gage installed on right bank August 17, 1917. On 

the same date a new vertical staff gage was installed about 30 feet upstream to 

which all recording gage records are referred. Prior to August 17, 1917 readings 

were taken from an old vertical staff gage at same location as new staff gage and 

set at the same datum. Gage read by employees of Georgia Railway & Power 

Co.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable at gage location,

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Section under cable may shift somewhat but stage-discharge relation is kept permanent by a solid rock shoal about 100 feet below gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily stage recorded during year, 12.2 

feet March 24 (discharge, about 12,000 second-feet); minimum mean daily stage 

recorded, 0.98 foot August 29 (discharge, 383 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Gage read once daily to tenths 

from January 1 to August 17; after that date record obtained from Gurley recording gage. Rating curve well defined between 280 and 2,000 second-feet. Daily 

discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good except for few days in February, March and April when discharge is 

above 2,000 second-feet. After August 17 records are excellent.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by Georgia Railway & Power Co.

Discharge measurements of Chaltooga River near Tallulah Falls, Ga., during the year

ending Sept. 30, 1917.

[Made by H. L. Wills.]

Date.

July 4...............................................................................

4...............................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.20

1.58

Discharge.

Scc.-ft.

ARA

640
SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN. 25

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chaltooga River near Tallulah Falls, Ga.,for the year

ending Sept. -SO, 1917.

Day.

1............................

2............................

3............................

4............................

5............................

6............................

7............................

8............................

9............................ 10........................:...

11............................

12............................

13............................

14............................

15............................

16............................

17............................

18............................

19............................

20............................

21............................

22............................

23............................

24............................

25............................

26............................

27............................

28............................

29............................

30

31............................

Jan.

810

755

705

870

1,120

1,120

930

810

755

755

705

655

655

1,620

1,400

1,700

1,260

1,120

990

930

930

1,120

930

930

870

810

810

755

930

810

Feb.

1,780

1,120

870

930

755

810

810

810

755

705

705

705

655

655

930

755

705

1,190

2,090

4,800

1,850

1,400

1,400

2,250

1,400

1,260

1,190

1,120

Mar.

1,480

1,260

1,190

4,800

2,960

2,010

1,780

1,780

1,620

1,480

1,400

1,400

1,480

1,400

1,330

1,260

1,930

1,480

1,330

2,090

1,480

2,010

12,000

3,150

2,420

3,750

2,330

2,090

1,930

1,780

Apr.

1,700

1,700

1,550

1,480

3,650

2,090

1,850

1,780

1,620

1,550

1,480

1,480

1,480

1,400

1,330

1,260

1,260

1,260

1,190

1,190

1,190

1,120

1,120

1,060

1,060

1,190

1,060

990

1,190

990

May.

1,330

1,060

990

1,190

1,060

990

930

990

930

870

870

870

810

810

810

755

755

755

755

705

705

705

1,060

705

705

705

705

705

705

655

655

June.

705

1,400

705

705

655

605

605

605

755

1,060

755

655

605

705

655

560

560

560

560

755

560

755

560

515

515

470

470

470

" 470

470

July.

' 470

430

430

430

470

430

470

515

430

390

430

390

390

390

390

390

390

560

1,400

755

810

1,700

870

705

655

705

560

560

515

515

515

Aug.

515

705

755

1,190

705

605

705

930

755

705

605

560

515

515

515

605

560

488

462

454

462

430

434

430

398

390

386

386 383-

390

705

Sept.

2,250

1,260

990

810

705

630

592

551

546

605

506

474

462

434

434

450

422

406

398

394

394

430

426

398

394

386

446

840

592

50C

Monthly discharge of Chattooga River near Tallulah Falls, Ga.,for the year ending Sept.

30, 1917.

[Drainage area, 256 square miles.]

Month.

January. . .....................................

March .........................................

May...........................................

June. ..........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,700 

4,800 

12, 000 

3,650 

1,330 

1,400 

1,700 

1,190 

2,250

Minimum.

655 

655 

1,190 

990 

655 

470 

390 

383 

386

Mean.

949 

1,230 

2,250 

1,440 

847 

648 

583 

569 

604

Per 

square 

mile.

3.71 

4.80 

8.79 

5.62 

3.31 

2.53 

2.28 

2.22 

2.36

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

4.28 

5.00 

10.13 

6.27 

3.82 

2.82 

2.63 

2.56 

2.63

TALLULAH RIVER NEAR SEED, GA.

LOCATION. One-fourth mile upstream from head of Rabun Lake, 1 mile downstream 

from Bridge Creek, 5 miles north of Seed, Rabun County, 6 miles due west of 

Lakemont railroad station, and 10 miles upstream from Rabun (Mathis) dani.

DRAINAGE AREA. 127 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 6, 1916, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. A staff gage in three sections on right bank; read by employees of Georgia 

Railway & Power Co.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. At low and medium stages made from^cable about 200 

feet upstream; flood measurements made from suspension footbridge 1 mile downstream from gage.
26 SUKFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 190.7, PART II.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of rock, sand, and gravel; rather rough but 

permanent. Control is a ledge which extends across river and over which water 

drops sharply, about 250 feet downstream from gage; probably permanent. Point 

of zero flow, gage height 0.5 foot.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily stage recorded during year, 5.37 

feet March 24 (discharge, 4,430 second-feet); minimum mean daily stage recorded, 

0.96 foot August 29 (discharge, 144 second-feet).

1916-17: Maximum stage recorded, 8.2 feet at 6 p. m. July 9,1916 (discharge, 

8,010 second-feet); minimum mean daily stage recorded, that of August 29, 1917.

ICE. Never enough to affect stage-discharge relation.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent; not affected by ice. Rating curve 

well defined between 100 and 5,500 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths three 

times daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height 

to rating table. Records good. 

Discharge measurements of Tallulah River near Seed, Ga., during the year ending Sept. SO,

1917.

[Made by Warren E. Hall.]

Date. Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.18

1.14

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

242

238

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tallulah River near Seed, Ga., for the year ending Sept.

30, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20. .............

21..............

22. .............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28. .............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

250

240

240

230

245

245

235

230

230

225

215

210

200

200

200

200

240

785

352

245

230

225

220

210

200

250

400

340

Nov.

256

235

220

210

205

200

200

OAfl

200

200

200

230

225

220

205

196

192

1Q9

187

IQO

364

280

O-f K

9£fi

418

346

Dec.

292

268

245

240

256

230

215

OOK

630

394

334

334

9fifi

256

268

240

240

*>Kn

235

316

O7fl

328

316

304

370

1,080

745

528

430

Jan.

462

418

462

630

950

825

630

KOC

430

376

QCQ

825

785

995

745

668

630

K&A

74 e

630

KQC

coo

495

462

Afi<)

CftC

528

495

Feb.

1,400

785

630

w?

528

580

495

430

424

406

OQJ

400

560

130

865

1,310

2,360

1,310

950

865

1,130

865

7oc

705

668

Mar.

908

825

3,950

2,140

1,500

1,220

1 H4H

995

908

865

865

86-5

785

785

1,220

QAO

o<>e:

7QC

1,310

1,040

1,220

4*430

1,810

1 500

1,600

1

K/W

1,220

1,130

1,040

Apr.

995

950

QAQ

865

1,920

1,310

1,080

QQK

908

865

QOK

865

785

74 <>

705

705

668

668

668

630

630

roK

CQC

cne

fifiS

560

Cftrt

668

595

May.

705

560

560

825

630

560

560

560

528

495

495

-4QK

462

462

430

430

418

406

394

OQyl

382

394

412

376

Q7ft

376

OCA

494

«tftQ

334

388

June.

376

364

364

340

316

310

340

668

495

376

340

462

352

310

304

9Q9

f)Q£

O0O

070

304

268

OKA

256

<WK

225

230

nca

418

July.

210

210

205

210

205

245

225

205

196

187

1 7^

179

175

175

175

240

OQ4

495

560

KfJQ

364

oao

q£O

' 346

9£ft

9^fl

OOA

256

Ang.

230

256

280

280

225

225

316

qeo

280

235

215

200

200

99 <;

220

210

Ofw\

171

171

166

158

151

151

151

144

183

495

Sept.

825

560 do1;

388

340

286

256

245

94 <;

210

205

IQO

183

170

fOO

225

1 7K

166

1AO

1 ^ft

9Q9

o-ie

171

166

274

745

430

322
SAVANNAH BIVER BASIN". 27

Monthly discharge of Tallulah River near Seed, Ga^ for the year ending Sept. SO, 1917. 

[Drainage area, 127 square miles.]

Month.

October .......................................

November. ....................................

February................... ..-.-.. . ... . . March ..'.......................................

June. .............................. ...... ....

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

785 

705 

1,080 

995 

2,360 

4,430 

1,920 

825 

668 

560 

495 

825

4,430

Minimum.

200 

187 

215 

358 

394 

785 

560 

334 

225 

175 

144 

158

144

Mean.

257 

248 

356 

588 

758 

1,350 

820 

469 

340 

268 

224 

289

496

Per 

square 

mile.

2.02 

1.95 

2.80 

4.63 

5.97 

10.60 

6.46 

3.69 

2.68 

2.11 

1.76 

2.28

3.91

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.33 

2.18 

3.23

5.34 

6.22 

12.22 

7.21 

4.25 

2.99 

2.43 2.03" 

2.54

52.97

TALLULAH RIVER NEAR LAKEMONT, GA.

LOCATION. One-fourth mile downstream from Rabun dam (originally called Mathia 

dam), 1 mile upstream from mouth of Tiger Creek, and 1J miles from Lakemont, 

Rabun County.

DRAINAGE AREA. Not measured.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 13, 1916, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. A Barrett & Lawrence water-stage recorder, with 10-foot range of stage, at 

rock-filled log crib, originally a bridge abutment, on left bank of river; referred 

to vertical staff gage 20 feet upstream.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 5 feet downstream from gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed rough and rocky, necessitating careful work in making 

discharge measurements. Control is a rock shoal 50 feet downstream from gage. 

Part of shoal is loose rock, and high water in last part of 1915 changed stagedischarge relation by changing the position of these rocks.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

9.10 feet at 4 a. m. March 24 (discharge, 8,320 second-feet); minimum flow somewhat less than 5 second-feet during part of January 21.

1916-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 10.4 feet at 8.30 p. m. July 9, 1916 (discharge, 10,900 second-feet); minimum flow somewhat less than 5 second-feet at 

certain times when sluice gates at storage dam one-fourth mile upstream were 

shut and no water passed over crest of dam.

ICE. Never enough to affect stage-discharge relation.

REGULATION. The Rabun dam, one-fourth mile upstream, makes a very large 

reservoir which is used solely for storage in operating the great hydroelectric plant 

7 miles downstream. Water is impounded or let loose at will of operators; consequently fluctuations are great, sudden, and frequent.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. Rating curve well 

denned between 50 and 4,000 second-feet. Operation of water-stage recorder 

not entirely, satisfactory on account of poor attention by observer. Daily 

discharge ascertained by use of discharge integrator. Records fair.
28 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

Discharge measurements of Tallulah River near Lakemont, Ga., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

[Made by Warren E. Hall.]

Date.

Oct. 8... ............................................................................

Nov. 5. .............................................................................

Gage 

height.

- Feet. 

1.04

1.55

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

73.9

174

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tallulah River near Lakemont, Ga., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

3.............................

4.............................

5.. .-....-..-.-..-.-.....--.. .

6.............................

7.............................

8.............................

g

10

12.............................

14-............-.----.-..-.....

15

16.............................

17........... . .................

18.............................

19---.-.--.....................

20. ............................

21 .............................

23...-.-..-.....-....-.-.....--

24..-...-.---.......-..-.......

25.............................

26.............................

27..--..--.-..---..--..........

28.............................

29.............................

30-..-.---.----....-......--...

31.............................

Dec.

457

390

610

570

167

61

173

298

079

381

163

68

Jan.

<iftft

272

283

101

45

312

374

466

OQ7

47

240

180

246

274

446

224

225

460

395

480

478

9^9

506

445

AAK.

Feb.

826

684

580

590

500

630

655

934

696

230

1,160

1,100

870

435

10

300

170

940

940

9£0

ftfifi

715

f?QC

665

Mar.

860

830

1,450

4,200

2,200

1,410

1,260

1,210

1,020

955

930

OQA

910

865

800

825

1,140

-810

815

830

775

1,360

5,090

1,570

1,460

1,940

1 ^JQA

1,280-

1,120

1,100

Apr.

1,000

970

940

930

1,880

1,220

1,100

1,010

QQA

850

870

OKA

870

780

7nn

745

734

743

684

703

700

£EA

p.ftft

1,100

715

7QQ

462

32

623

May.

624

498

795

515

625

339

496

607

508

735

605

345

121

1,050

1,070

1,160

1,220

965

356

34

1,080

980

643

700

660

347

96

835

1,130

Q4C

June.

767

233

78

393

366

480

500

397

165

78

396

4S3

463

450

73

517

510

380

1QO

512

510

565

1QA

July.

551

573

277

490

455

132

37

355

402

63

CO

308

287

152

208

76

190

At\K

255

246

1ft4

63

291

A A K.

Aug.

190

107

48

340

350

400

449

454

192

55

500

330

395

125

70

310

370

320

309

102

263

040

224

Sept.

32

50

104

174

188

212

263

65

68

192

949

480

416

84

78

. 425

395

Oort

435

iqc

84

315

146

31

36

NOTE. Gage-height record incomplete for Jan. 1, 8, and Feb. 6; discharge estimated for part of day. 

No gage-height record Jan. 2, 3, 9,10, Feb. 7, Aug. 26 and 27.

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Tallulah River near Lakemont, Ga., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1917.

Month. Maximum.

5.090

1,880

1,220

Minimum.

800

32

34

Mean.

1,370

837

Month.

July.........

Maximum.

767

480

Minimum.

73

97

31

Mean.

376

231
SAVANNAH EIVEE BASIN. 29

TIGER CREEK AT LAKEMONT, GA.

LOCATION. 100 feet from old Mathis postoffice, 100 feet upstream from Tallulah 

Falls Railway bridge, 600 feet downstream from Phillips's grist-mill dam, 800 

feet upstream from junction of creek with Tallulah River, and one-fourth mile 

downstream from Lakemont post office, Rabun County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 29 square mile's (measured on topographic maps). Revised 

since publication in Water-Supply Paper 432.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 11, 1916, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Staff gage in two sections, on right bank; read by employee of Georgia Railway & Power Co.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable one-fourth mile upstream from gage, 

in front of Lakemont railroad station.

CHANNEL" AND CONTROL. Bed rocky and rough at gage. Under gaging cable bed is 

^ sandy and shifting. Control is solid rock shoal just below gage; permanent. 

Backwater from very high floods on Tallulah River probably affects stagedischarge relation. This condition arises very infrequently however.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily stage during year, 3.89 feet 

March 24 (discharge, 800 second-feet); minimum mean daily stage, 1.26 feet 

July 17 (discharge, 38 second-feet).

1916-1917: Maximum stage about 7.0 feet (over top of gage) at 9 p. m. July 

9, 1916 (discharge not determined); minimum mean daily stage, that of July 17, 

1917.

ICE. Never enough to affect stage-discharge relation. 

REGULATION. Phillips's mill, which is infrequently operated, can cause considerable variation in stage. Gage read only when mill is not running. As the pond 

above dam has practically no storage, the gage heights accurately indicate natural 

flow.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; not affected by ice. 

Rating curve well denned below but extended above 600 second-feet. Gage 

read to half-tenths four times daily 6 a. m., noon, 6 p. m., and midnight. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. 

Records good.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by Georgia Railway & Power Co.

Discharge measurements of Tiger Creek at Lakemont, Ga., during the year ending Sept.

30, 1917.

Date.

Oct. 8...

5..

July 9. . .

Made by 

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.32

1.33

1.30

1.26

2.82

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

44.6

46.9

43.0

36.8

451.
30 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 19-17, PART II.

Daily discharge, 'in second-feet, of Tiger Creek at Lakemont, Ga., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30. .............

31..............

Oct.

46

52

55

46

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

122

102

73

71

57

50

42

42

42

42

42

46

43

42

Nov.

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

52

52

54

47

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

69

55

48

47

42

52

71

63

Dec.

57

50

46

43

48

48

42

57

69

50

50

55

48

48

48

48

48

50

50

48

57

63

61

55

55

55

91

154

91

73

68

Jan.

66

61

61

63

77

71

65

61

58

55

55

51

71

105

165

137

102

83

75

71

71

87

71

73

66

63

63

63

si

69

81

Feb.

132

98

87

75

73

66

63

65

63

63

61

58

58

58

65

63

57

68

195

336

130

100

162

171

122

100

91

83

Mar.

114

105

275

276

278

192

168

168

130

112

114

109

102

112

114

114

165

127

117

105

198

130

272

800

213

198

291

168

160

157

154

Apr.

154

 135

117

157

291

174

154

165

154

146

127

124

130

127

117

114

114

109

102

102

102

102

102

102

102

105

102

93

124

117

May.

91

91

91

109

100

96

98

91

87

85

81

77

73

71

71

71

69

63

61

60

61

73

69

63

63

63

63

66

57

55

61

June.

66

,65

63

 60

57

57

57

89

77

71

61

60

57

75

58

55

55

52

48

48

63

51

48

48

48

46

43

43

43

42

July.

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

41

39

38

73

91

75

143

91

61

55

55

51

48

48

48

48

65

Aug.

52

256

69

65

57

57

69

69

58

53

55

55

55

51

50

48

48

48

52

55

50

48

43

42

42

42

42

42

40

77

352

Sept.

127

157

87

71

68

55

57

55

52

51

51

50

48

48

50

50

47

47

47

43

42

47

43

42

42

40

96

85

61

52

Monthly discharge of Tiger Creek at Lakemont, Ga., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1917.

[Drainage area, 29 square miles.o]

Month.

October .......................................

March . . ...

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

122

71 

154 

165 

336 

800 

291 

109 

89 

143 

352 

157

800

Minimum.

42 

42 

42 

51 

57 

102 

93 

55 

42 

38 

40 

40

38

Mean.

50.4 

46.9 

58.9 

75.5 

98.7 

185 

129 

75.2 

56.9 

53.5 

69.2 

60.4

79.9

Per 

square 

mile.

1.74 

1.62 

2.03 

2.60 

3.40 

6.38 

4.45 

2.59 

1.96 

1.84 

2.39 

2.08

2.76

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.01 

1.81 

2.34 

3.00 

3.54 

7.36 

4.96 

2.99 

2.19 

2.12 

2.76 

2.32

37.40

a Revised since publication in Water-Supply Paper 432.
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917,' : PART II. 31

ALTAMAHA RIVER BASIN. 

OCMULGEE RIVER AT JULIETTE, GA.

LOCATION. 1 mile below Juliette railroad station, 1 mile below Juliette Cotton 

Mills, which are on left side of river opposite Juliette, 2% miles below mouth of 

Towaliga River, and 20 miles upstream from Macon, Ga. Ocmulgee River forms 

line between Jones and Monroe counties.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,100 square miles (measured on post route map of Georgia).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 3, 1916, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Steveas continuous water -stage recorder on left bank of river, referred to a 

staff gage inside concrete well.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable about 150 feet upstream from gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and solid rock at gage section. 

Banks high; subject to overflow at about gage height 15 feet. A rock shoal about 

one-half mile downstream forms a control which keeps stage-discharge relation 

permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year from water-stage 

recorder, 20.17 feet at 11 p. m. March 27 (discharge, 27,600 secorid-feet); minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 3.47 feet at 1.30 p. m. September 17 (discharge, 638 second-feet).

1916-1917: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder, 26.4 feet at 3 p. m. July 

10, 1916 (discharge, 42,400 second-feet); minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 

3.07 feet at 2 p. m. July 19, 1916 (discharge, 435 second-feet).

Maximum stage of which there is any record, 32.0 feet during flood of 1886 (discharge determined from extension of rating curve, about 55,800 second-feet). 

This stage was determined with wye level from marks pointed out by local residents and is not reliable.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. There is considerable regulation from three separate sources. Greatest 

fluctuations are caused by operation of the hydroelectric plant about 30 miles 

upstream, near Jackson, Ga. Minor diurnal fluctuations are caused by operation 

of mills at Juliette, 1 mile upstream, and the hydroelectric plant on Towaliga 

River at High Falls, about 15 miles away.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; not affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined below 45,000 second-feet. Operation of water-stage 

recorder good except for periods for which no records are given. Daily discharge 

October 1 to July 30 determined by use of discharge integrator; July 31 to September 30 by averaging discharge for intervals of the day. Records good.

Discharge measurements of Ocmulgee River at Juliette, Ga., during the year ending Sept.

SO, 1917.

Date.

Nov. 27

May 30

Made by 

Warren E. Hall........ ..................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.94

4.36

Discharge.

See.-ft. 

927

1,310
32 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Ocmulgee River at Juliette, Ga., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

1... ...........

2. .............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14. .............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27.............

28. .............

29..............

30. .............

31..............

Oct.

935

1,160

1,610

1,680

1,750

1,660

1,530

974

1,210

1,540

1,560

1,560

1,510

1,470

970

1,110

1,540

1,610

2,310

1,600

1,430

1,010

989

1,240

1,240

1,230

1,110

908

953

1,200

Nov.

1,230

1,230

1,260

1,290

1,080

1,280

Dec.

1,510

1,320

990

1,300

1,280

1,310

1,420

1,630

1,080

1,200

1,790

1,720

1,680

1,690

1,540

984

1.220

1,730

1,760

1,770

1 740

l'370

946

800

1,020

1,880

i osfl

1 740

1^080

Jan.

i 9ftfl

1,900

1 QJ/1

1,940

1 740

l'l20

1,460

2,010

1,990

2,020

2,070

1,880

1 360

1^650

2,550

2,610

2,250

2 9on

2 Oftfi

1,330

1,860

8

non

7,800

4,280

3,770

2

Q1ft

3 210

47 °.ftft

4,020

Feb.

4 160

5,4:10

4,530

3,280

2,980

2,840

2,720

2

AQft

2

onn

1,580

2,020

2

CAA

2,390

2

00ft

2,220

2 040

2' ftfift

2

07ft

lr\ OAft

14,600

19 ^ftft

6,690

6,150

6

QOA

4,830

3,630

Mar.

3 <XY»

A run

7,560

18,400

IQ ^ftfl

10,300

6,690

5,030

3,240

^ 790

3,680

3,160

2,440

2

OAft

1,750

2 OKft

2,770

3,260

7 f^ft

7,490

8,690

12,400

14,100

94 Qftfl

17,600

9,650

6,040

Apr.

4,330

4,380

3,830

4,180

4,260

3,690

3,120

2,130

1,810

3,430

3 1Qfl

2,900

2 7fift

2,710

2,500

1,990

2,600

2 79ft

2,510

2,400

2 01 A

1,840

i 9^n

May.

1 Q°.A

1 Qflft

1,920

2,070

2,900

3 Gift

3,290

2,710

2,050

1,940

1,720

1,170

1,520

1,970

1,820

1,740

1,690

1,700

1,810

1,740

1,690

June.

1,680

1,520

968

1,180

1,550

1,610

1,610

1,660

2,320

1,550

1,800

1,790

1,820

1,760

1,540

995

1,330

1 740

1^790

1,870

1,580

1,550

1,060

1,170

1,630

2,290

1,560

1,910

1,910

July.

1 280 t' OAfl

1,480

1,160

1; 190

1,510

1,450

979

1,170

1,550

1,520

1,470

1,480

1,380

918

1,120

1,390

1,370

1,300

1,380

1,280

908

1,050

1,260

1,600

1,740

1,360

1,180

818

1,020

1,250

Aug.

1,150

1,450

1,300

1,280

844

1 i^ft

1,560

1,910

7,370

4,890

2,700

2,100

1,860

1,940

1,800

1,920

1,740

1,090

1,470

1,760

1,720

1,810

1,980

1,740

1,140

1,040

1,230

1,240

1,230

1,920

Sept.

1,560

1,320

1,220

i oflii

i 93n

1 240

l'290

1,200

918

1 080

1,350

1,320

1,310

1,340

1 240

881

968

1,220

1,120

1,140

1,100

1,050

1,140

1,010

1,360

1,940

1,360

1,580

3,460

7,400

NOTE. No records Nov. 5-26, Apr. 5-10, and May 20-28; water-stage recorder not in operation.

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Ocmulgee at Juliette, Ga., for the year ending Sept.

SO, 1917.

Month.

February.....

Maximum.

2,310

1,980

8,030

14,600 

26,300

Minimum.

908

800

1,120

1,580 

1,750

Mean.

1,350

1,420

2,640

4,530 

8,700

Month.

July..........

September . . .

Maximum.

2,320

1,740

7,370

7,400

Mnimum.

968

. 818

844

881

Mean.

1,610

1,290

2,030

1,520

OCONEE RIVER NEAR GREENSBORO, GA.

LOCATION. At highway bridge, 1| miles downstream from Town Creek, 4 miles upstream from mouth of Apalachee River, and 5 miles west of Greensboro, Greene 

County, on road to Madison, Ga.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,100 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 25, 1903, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge; read by F. M. Chambers.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed chiefly of sand; slightly shifting. Control 

section not known.
ALTAMAHA RIVER BASIN. 33

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 19.3 feet at 4 p. m. 

March. 7 (discharge, 15,200 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.7 foot at 4 p. m. 

September 16 (discharge, 252 second-feet).

1903-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 35.4 feet August 26, 1908 (discharge not 

determined). Discharge for this stage published in Water Supply Papers 382 and 

402, and determinations of discharge for stages above 13 feet prior to 1913, as 

published in previous water supply papers, are too small, the error increasing with 

the stage. Minimum stage recorded, 0.35 foot September 18 and October 8, 1911 

(discharge, 172 second-feet).

REGULATION. Considerable diurnal fluctuation caused by operation of power plants.

ACCURACY. A change in the stage-discharge relation shown by current-meter measurements made in 1918, occurred some time after November 5, 1915, the date of 

the last previous discharge measurement. Comparison with records for the 

. station at Milledgeville indicates that the change was caused probably by the 

high water in March, 1917. The rating curve which had previously been used 

from May, 1914, to September 30, 1916, was therefore used to March 7, 1917; 

curve fairly well denned below 1,500 second-feet above which it was extended 

parallel to previous curve. Curve used March 8 to September 30, well denned 

between 225 and 6,000 second-feet; based on ciirrent meter measurements made 

in 1918. Gage read to tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records prior to March only 

fair owing to possible doubt as to applicability of rating curve used. Records 

good March to September.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Oconee River near Greensboro, Ga.,for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11...............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21......... .. .

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

395

366

366

366

366

487

366

283

310

366

338

310

 283

283

310

338

425

366

681

1,380

752

518

456

456

366

338

310

425

647

Nov.

614

582

518

487

456

518

487

487

456

487

487

487

582

550

487

487

425

425

425

456

487

518

487

487

518

582

Dec.

940

681

550

550

425

456

487

980

1,140

980

788

752

681

614

550

614

7 co

752

681

614

550

KCn

KCn

550

550

752

1,180

825

Jan.

752

752

681

647

716

716

752

681

614

614

550

550

550

518

681

1,660

2,160

1,819

1,420

1,220

980

980

1,260

2,490

2,550

2,110

1,300

980

1,060

1,220

Feb.

2,160

3,390

3,030

1,710

1,660

825

901

940

901

752

Cfiq

582

752

681

681

1,140

2,970

6,360

8,820

9,700

9,830

5,680

3,450

2,060

Mar.

1,460

2,370

4,400

7,030

11,800

12,700

10,500

8,620

2,120

2,020

1,720

1,590

2,120

1,920

1,500

1,360

2,360

1,640

1,540

1,280

1,460

4,160

3,960

5,410

7,700

8

QOA

10,700

13,400

7,100

3,350

Apr.

2,120

1,980

1,820

1,640

6,540

10,900

9,620

7,100

2,880

2,280

1,920

1,820

1,640

1,640

1,500

1,360

1,280

1,190

1,190

1,150

1,280

1,360

1,150

1,110

1,030

960

QAft

960

OAO.

May.

960

960

eon

1,360

1,110

1,110

OAO

890

eon

855

820

820

750

750

7Cft

750

750

750

855

2,120

i oon

1,030

con

1,070

1,030

1,110

June.

890

890

820

715

647

ECfl

CQO

614

820

960

QOn

614

550

490

490

520

490

550

550

1,360

820

1,280

820

490

490

490

1,540

July.

550

550

550

995

550

,400

490

404

490

,400

490

460

326

404

490

1,030

1,280

960

1,280

1,110

680

QO1!

550

614

Aug.

490

750

1,110

1,280

855

614

680

4,090

2,880

1,780

1,030

7Cfl

680

1,540

1,460

2,080

1,360

820

785

820

680

614

582

490

326

326

432

352

qofi

750

Sept.

3,650

1,500

1 190

820

896

Ron

Kon

yiOO

711

1,880

1 360

925

550

404

378

314

378

460

432

352

432

1,110

820

614

460

432

378

1,360

4,480

6,000

112129° 20 WSP 452 3
34 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PAET II.

Monthly discharge o/Oconee River near Greensboro, Ga.,/or the year ending Sept. 30,1917. 

[Drainage area 1,100 square miles.}

Month.

Mareh .........................................

May...........................................

July. ..........................................

September............................. _ .....

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,660 

647 

1,180 

2,550 

9,830 13,400- 

10,900 

2,120 

1,540 

1,280 

4,090 

6,000

13,400

Minimum.

283 

425 

425 

518 

582 

1,280 

960 

750 

490 

404 

326 

314

283

Mean.

476 

W)o 

694 

1,110

2,970 

5,040 

2,430 

974 

722 

655 

1,070 

1,140

1,470

Per

square 

mile.

0.433 

.45& 

.631 

1.01 

2.70 4. 58- 

2,2i 

.885 

.656 

.595 

.973 

1.04

1.34

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.50 

.ol 

.73 

1.16 

2.81 

5.28 

2.47 

1.02 

.73 

.69 

1.12 

1.16

18.18

OCO1TEE RIVER AT FRALEYS FERRY, SEAR MILLED6EVXLLE, GA.

LOCATION. At Fraleys Ferry, in Baldwin County, 4 miles downstream from mouth 

of Little River and 6 miles upstream from Milledgeville.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,840 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 23, 1906, to December 31, 1908; October 6, 1909, to 

September 30, 1917.

GAGE. A combination sloping and vertical rod gage on left bank. Low-water section, 

inclined, is 75 feet upstream from ferry cable and extends to 8.5 feet; vertical 

section, 8.5 to 10.0 feet, at same site. High-water section, 10.0 to 20.0 feet, attached to tree 75 feet upstream from inclined section. Read by H. A. Taylor.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from ferryboat.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Sandy and shifting at measuring section. Control formed 

by a rock ledge extending across river 200 feet downstream; fairly permanent.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. No record of maximum stage (water over top of gage); 

minimum stage recorded, 4.6 feet at 7 a. m. October 17 (discharge, 595 second-feet). 

1906-1917: Maximum stage recorded May 23, 1906, to December 31, 1908, and 

October 6, 1909, to September 30, 1917, approximately 24.6 feet March 17, 1913 

(discharge, determined from extension of rating curve, about 49,700 second-feet); 

minimum stage recorded, 4.1 feet at 6 a. m. September 14, 1914 (discharge, 410 

second-feet).

REGULATION. Operation of power plants at great distance upstream can cause only 

slight fluctuations.

ACCURACY. Current meter measurements made in 1918 show that the stage-discharge 

relation as expressed by the rating curve used up to September 30, 1916, has 

changed slightly, the change being about 10 per cent at stage of 800 second-feet 

and decreasing with increase in stage. Rating curve used during the year very 

well defined below 2,000 second-feet by measurements made in 1918 and fairly 

well denned between 2,000 and 5,500 second-feet; extended above the latter 

point. Gage read to half-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good for discharge up 

to 5,500 second-feet; above that point subject to error.

No discharge measurements made at this station, during the year.
ALTAMAHA KIVEE BASIN. 35

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Oconee River at Fraleys Ferry, near Milledgeville, 

Ga.,for the year ending Sept. SO, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2..............

0

4..............

5..............

6..............

T. .............

8..............

9..............

10-. ............ 

11..... .........

12..............

13..............

14.............. if;

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31... ...........

Oct.

1,790

1,380

972

880

880

835

880

1,020 

1,540

1,220

QOK

Q^K

00 C

7Q9

632

835

QOK

1,920

3,000

2 ftfiA

1 430

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,120

Q79

925

1,070

Nov.

1,320

1,220

1,220

1,120

1,120

1,020

972

925

1,020

1,020 

1.020

1,020

1,020

1,120 i 7<m

1 fUft

1,070

1,120

1,020

1,020

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,220

1,170

1,120

1,020

1,120

1,380

Dec.

2,210

1,790

1,540

1,380

1,320

1,320

1,320

1,430

1.920

2,520 

2Sfin

2,360

2,840

2

0-in

1,920

1,920

1,790

1,540

1 'vdft

1,660

1.790

1,920

1 7Qf>

1.660

1,540

1 660

1 f^4ft

I

KAf)

1 7OA

2,060

2,360

Jan,

1,920

1,790

1,920

2,060

1,790

1,920

1,920

1,790

1,790

1,660 

1,430

1,540

1,540

1,790

2,360

4,980

4 600

3^670

2

Aon

2,520

2 680

3

- QKft

10,300

14,900

7,970

4,410

3,500

3

QAA

5,170

4,410

Feb.

4,030-

6,540

5,360

4,600

3,500

2,520

2,520

2,520

2,520

2,520 

2 360

2 91ft

1,920

1,790

2,360

3,330

4 790

W finft

13,200

12,200

10,600

10,100

7,760

7,550

7,140

6 340 '

Mar.

4,030

5,740

8.390

14,900

23,800

18,700

14,600

8,390

6,340

4,410 

3; 850

3,500

4,220

3,670

3,330

3,330

3,500

3,330

3,000

3,330

5,170

7,140

10,600

11,200

22,700

Ol QAA

18.200

12,900

7,340

Apr.

4,600

4,220

4,030

3,670

7,550

5,360

4 fiftft

4,220

4,030

3,670

3,500

3,000

2,840

2,840

2,680

O QA/V

2,680

2,680

2,520

2,520

2,360

2 QAf\

2,210

2,680

May.

2,360

2,060

2,060

2,210

3,160

2,840

3,500

4,790

2,840

2,360 

2,060

2,060

2,060

1,920

1,790

1,790

1,790

1 660

1^540

1,540

1,430

1,430

1,790

2,520

1 660

1,540

2

0ftA

3,160

2,360

2,060

June.

1,790

1,660

1,540

1,540

1,430

1,430

1,540

1,430

1,540

2,360 

2,360

2,060

1,790

1,540

1,430

1,320

1,170

1,120

1,120

1,220

1,920

2,360

2,840

3,000

1,540

1,430

1,790

1 un

1,920

1,920

July.

1,540

1,320

1,320

1,540

1,540

1,320

1,430

1,540

1,540

1,270 

1,120

1,020

925

835

1,020

1,020

925

1,270

2,060

2,520

2,360

2,060

1,920

2,360

2,060

2,520

2,360

1 7Qft

1,540

1,220

1,270

Aug.

1,170

1,920

2,360

3,330

2,520

2,360

1,790

5,360

5,170

5,360 

3,000

2,060

1,660

1,660

2,520

3,160

4,030

3,000

1,790

2,060

1,790

1,270

1,170

1,120

925

880

792

7Q9

835

750

750

Sept.

3,000

4,790

2,680

1,790

1,920

1,660

1,380

925

.......

670

670

670

750

750

670

670

1,020

1,540

M20

1,320

1,270

5,170

NOTE. Water overtopped the gage Apr. 5-8 and Sept. 29 and 30; discharge above 9,700 second-feet. 

No gage-height record Sept. 9-15.

Monthly discharge of Oconee River at Fraleys Ferry, near MilledgevilU, Ga.,for the

year ending Sept. 30, 1917.

[Drainage area 2,840 square miles.}

Month.

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3,000 

1,790 

2,840 

14,900 

13,200 

23,800 

4,790 

3,060 

2,520 

5,360

Minimum.

632 

925 

1,320 

1,320 

1,790 

3,000 

1,430 

1,120 

835 

750

Mean.

1,160 

1,140 

1,820 

3,460 

5,220 

8,730 

2,220 

1,720 

1,570 

2,170

Per 

square 

mile.

0.408 

.401 

.641 

1.22 

1.84 

3.07 

.782 

.606 

.553 

.764

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.47 

.45

.74 

1.41 

1.92 

3.54 

.90 

.68 

.64 

.88
36 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

APALACHICOLA RIVER BASIN.

CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER NEAR GAIJSTESVILLE, GA.

LOCATION. At Clarke's covered wooden highway bridge, 500 feet downstream from 

Gainesville & Northwestern Railway bridge, 4 miles northeast of Gainesville, 

Hall County, 6 miles upstream from Dunlap dam of Georgia Railway & Power Co., 

and about 12 miles above mouth of Chestatee River. '

DRAINAGE AREA. Not measured.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1 to September 30, 1917. From June 26, 1901, to 

December 31. 1903, a station was operated at Thompson's bridge about 5 miles 

downstream.

GAGE. Vertical staff attached to the upstream side of the wooden bridge; read by 

A. E. Maynard.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from boat a short distance below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed fairly permanent. Banks subject to overflow at a 

stage of about 12 feet. Backwater from Dunlap dam, 6 miles downstream, probably affects stage-discharge relation.

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum mean daily stage recorded, 12.93 feet March 24; 

minimum mean daily stage recorded, 0.45 foot September 28.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Owing to probable backwater effect from Dunlap dam, gage-height 

record should be used with caution.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by the Georgia Railway & Power Co.

Data inadequate for determination of discharge.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chattahoochee River near Gainesville, Ga., for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1917.

Day.

1. ...................................

2....................................

3....................................

4....................................

5....................................

6....................................

8....................................

9....................................

10....................................

11....................................

12....................................

13....................................

14....................................

15....................................

16....................................

17. ...................................

18....................................

19....................................

20....................................

21....................................

22....................................

23....................................

24....................................

25....................................

26....................................

27....................................

28....................................

29....................................

30....................................

31....................................

Jan.

1.09

1.02

1.04

1.56

1.24

2.11

1.67

1.20

.94

.93

89

.73-

.67

3.15

2

CA

5.95

3.55

2.25

1 80

2.13

2.02

2.03

1 79

1.44

1 11

1.39

1.71

Feb.

6.05

3.70

2.60

2.40

2.25

2.00

2.04

1.90

1.84

1.62

1.87

1.47

1 4^

1.51

1 R^

1.78

1.71

2 1^

5 no

7 Qfl

5.05

3

OA

3.05

11.55

4.65

3.60

3.26

3 on

Mar.

4.10

3.10

4.35

10.66

8.00

4.65

3.85

3.85

3.45

3.20

1 19

2.95

2.80

2.70

2.60

2.75

2.85

2.65

4.25

3.85

5.65

12.93

7 "K

4.85

9.05

5.30

4.25

3.80

4 90

Apr.

3.50

3.40

3.30

3.00

9.30

5.45

3.60

3.75

3.65

3.30

3.20

3.10

3.30

3.10

3

AA

2.80

2.80

2 7ft

2.65

2.29

2.59

2.60

2.45

2.45

2.20

2.55

2.38

2.30

2.35

May.

2.73

2.14

2.09

2.94

3.15

2.32

2.10

2.19

2.05

2.05

1.97

2.03

1.99

1.97

1.82

1 80

1.76

1 71

1.32

3 9n

1.36

1.33

2.34

1.80

1.78

1 95

1.75

2.39

1.55

1.13

1.40

June.

2.48

3.47

2.03

1.86

1.77

1.28

1.15

1.84

3.05

4.15

2.65

1.94

1.25

2.15

9 1<i

1.95

1.75

9 In

1.95

2.50

1 4>»

2.35

2.35

2.15

1 71

1.65

2.50

2.55

2.65

1.50

July.

1.50

1.55

1.45

1.58

1.75

1.68

2.05

1.70

1.25

1.25

1.05

.90

93

1.20

1.71

1.60

1.25

2.60

3.25

3.90

2.80

2.65

2.35

2.35

2.15

2.10

1.22

1.20

1.10

Aug.

0.85

1.65

1.69

1.50

1.35

.95

1. 65

2.89

2.95

2.83

9 9/1

1.43

.85

.85

3

AQ

2.90

2.60

1 90

.85

2.20

9 9t;

I qft

.90

1.48

1.03

.88

.75

.65

.82

.85

2.73

Sept.

d d<5

3.80

4.78

2.58

1 30

1.28

1.40

1.25

.90

1.25

69

.93

.80

.85

.75

.80

.73

.80

<80

1.13

1.22

.55

.72

.80

.95

.45

3.15

3.02
APALACHICOLA RIVER BASIN.

CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER NEAR NORCROSS, GA.

37

LOCATION. At Medlock's bridge, 1J miles upstream from mouth of John Creek, 4J 

miles north of Norcross, Gwinnett County, and about 5 miles above Suwanee 

Creek. The river forms the boundary between Gwinnett and Milton counties.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,170 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 9, 1903, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Chain gage on toll bridge, read by W. 0. Medlock. January 1 to September 

30, 1916, a Dexter water-stage recorder on right bank just above bridge, and 

referred to chain gage, was also used for recording stages below 7 feet.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed sandy; shifts. Low-water control is a rock shoal 

about 2J miles downstream; at higher stages shifting clay banks and other conditions may cause changes in the stage-discharge relation.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 16.9 feet at 4 

p. m., March 25 (discharge, 24,200 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.5 feet at 

6.30 a. m., August 27 (discharge, 730 second-feet).

1903-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 21.4 feet at 2.30 p. m., December 30, 

1915 (discharge, 36,200 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 1.02 feet, October 

21, 1911 (discharge, 294 second-feet).

ICE. Never enough to affect stage-discharge relation.

REGULATION. Diurnal fluctuation is caused by operation of hydroelectric plants on 

Chattahoochee and Chestatee rivers near Gainesville, Ga. Discharge January 

1 to September 30, 1916, determined from records of water-stage recorder, agree 

very closely with that obtained by using mean daily gage heights from two 

readings of chain gage per day. Errors in mean monthly discharge obtained by 

using records from chain gage varied from 1.6 per cent for February and May 

to +1.4 per cent for June. This study indicates that for medium and high stages 

estimates of discharge for former years as computed from records of the chain 

gage are probably not seriously in error owing to diurnal fluctuation in stage. 

The effect on the accuracy of records for low stage has not been determined.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed during high water in March. Rating 

curve used October 1 to March 25 well denned between 1,000 and 36,000 secondfeet; curve used March 26 to September 30 well denned between 700 and 10,000 

second-feet, and fairly well denned between 10,000 and 40,000 second-feet. 

Gage read to hundredths twice a day. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

mean daily gage height to rating table. Records fair, January, February, and 

March; good for rest of year.

Discharge measurements of Chattahoochee River near Norcross, Ga., during the year

'ending Sept. 30, 1917.

[Mar^e by Warren E. Hall.]

Date.

Oct. 12. .............................................................................

Dec. 5.. .............................................................................

July 14..... ......... ................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.27

2.53

2.20

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1 300

1^520

1,270
SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PAKT II.

Daily discharge, in seeond-feet, of Chattahoochee River near Norcross, Ga., for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1917.

I>ay.

1..... .........

2..............

3..............

4...............

6..............

7............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12............

13..............

14.... ..........

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20. .............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

28.... .............

27..............

28. .............

29.. ............ 

30. .............

31..............

Oct.

1,2.50

1,250

1,180

1,180

1,250

1,250

1,180

1,110

1,250

1,250

1,250

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,040

1,180

1,110

2,480

2,800

1,600

1,390

1,250

1,25O

1,320

1,250

1,250

1,250

1,250 

1,390

1,760

Nov.

1,680

1,390

1,320

1,320

1,390

1,110

1,110

1,250

1,180

1,180

1,180

1, 250

1,250

1,460

1,250

1,250

1,180

1,180

1,180

1, 110

1,180

1.110

1,250

1,600

1,680

1,390

1 ocn

1,250

1,600

1,840

Dec.

1,840

1,460

1,530

1,460

1,390

2,160

1,680

1,530

3,300

2,720

2,000

\ SUA

1,760

1,680

1,390

1,320

1,250

1,680

1,600

1,680

1,760

1,680

1,840

1,760

1,680

1,680

1,600

2,240

4,190 

2,880

2,340

Jan.

2,000

2,000

1,840

2,000

2,080

2,160

2,240

2 000

l'920

1,760

1,760

1,680

1,680

2,320

3,390

6,900

5,250

3,300

2 880

2^560

2,320

2,960

2,880

2,960

9 fi4fl

2,400

2 IRA

2,080

2,160

2,240

2,240

Feb.

5,510

7,040

3,120

2,640

2,400

2,480

2,160

2,080

2,080

2,000

2,000

1,840

1,840

1,840

2,080

2,320

2,080

2,160

5,000

16,200

11,400

4,520

3,390

12,800

12,800

4,300

S

ann

3,040

Mar.

3,580

3,480

6,340

12,400

16,000

8,350

4,760

4,190

3,880

3,390

3,040

3,120

3,040

2,960

2,880

2,720

2,800

 3,680

3,040

2,800

3,680

6,200

7,460

12,100

21,500

10,300

11 400

ll'lOO

6,120 

5,030

4,550

Apr.

4,090

4,090

3,870

3,760

10,900

11,100

5,750

5,150

5,030

4,310

3,760

3,760

3,760

4,200

3,440

3,340

3,240

3,140

3,040

3,040

2,940

2,940

2,940

2,840

2,740

2,840

2,840

2,640

2,640 

2,640

May.

2,640

2,460

2,460

2,550

3,340

2,640

2,550

2,460

2,460

2,370

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,190

2,190

2,100

2,100

2,100

2,190

1,920

1,920

1,920'

2,370

2,280

2,010

2,280

2,460

9,840

2,280

2,100

1,920

June.

2,280

2,940

2,460

2,280

2,100

1,920

1,920

1,920

2,550

3,140

2,840

2,190

2,100

1,830

2,010

1,920

1,740

1,740

1,740

2,740

2,190

1,920

1,830

1,650

1,650

1,560

1,560

1,830

1,740

1,740

July.

1,560

1,390

1,390

1,390

1,230

1,390

1,470

1,560

1,390

1,310

1,230

1,230

1,740

1,15ft

1,230

1,080

1,390

1.740

3,870

3,340

2,840

3,650

3,040

2,190

1,920

2,550

1,920

1,650

1,560 

1,390

1,390

Aug.

1,470

1,390

1,560

1,740

1,650

1,740

2,010

4,550

5,510

2,740

2,100

1,740

1,740

1,560

1,740

2,280

2,190

1,740

1,560

1,470

1,560

1,560

1,470

1,390

1,310

1,310

1,010

1,230

1,040 

1,080

1,390

Sept.

3,240

4,550

3,540

2,460

2,100

1,740

1,560

1,740

1,650

1,560

1,560

1,310

1, 150

1,150

1,230

1,230

1,080

1,080

1,080

1,080

1,080

1,150,

1,230

1,080

1,230

1,080

6,250

4,200 

2,280

Monthly discharge of Chattahoochee River near Norcross, Ga.,for the year ending Sept. SO,

1917.

[Drainage area, 1,170 square miles.]

Month.

April ..........................................

June...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in seeond-feei.

Maximum.

2,800 

1,840 

4,190 

6,900 

16,200 

21,500 

11,100 

3,340 

3,140 

3,870 

5,510 

6,250

21,500

Minimum.

1,040 

1,110 

1,250 

1J680 

1,840 

2,720 

2,640 

1,920 

1.560 

l',080 

1,010 

1,080

1,010

Mean.

1,340 

1,310 

1,900 

2,540 

4,450 

6,320 

4,030 

2,320 

2,070 

1,810 

1,830 

1,890

2,640

Per 

square 

mile.

1.15 

1.12 

1.62 

2.17 

3.80 

5.40 

3.44 

1.98 

1.77 

1.55 

1.56 

1.62

2.26

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.33 

1.25 

1.87 

2.50 

3.96 

6.23 

3.84 

2.28 

1.98 

1.79 

1.80 

1.81

30.64
APALACHICOLA-KIVER BASES'. 3& 

CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER AT WEST POINT, GA.

LOCATION. At West Point waterworks pumping plant, just below Oseligee Creek, 

one-fourth mile east of Alabama-Georgia State line, in Troup County, and 1 mile 

'upstream from West Point railroad station. Prior to October 20, 1912, station 

was at Montgomery Street Bridge in West Point.

DRAINAGE AREA. 3,300 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 30, 1896, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Staff gage on left bank. By using a telescope the observer reads gage from 

pump house on right bank. October 20, 1912, to 1915, the gage was a vertical 

staff in two sections, a low-water section (0 to 6 feet) on right side of river and a 

high-water section on left side at same site as present gage and directly across river 

from low-water section. Datum of gage 0.2 foot above that of present gage. Prior 

to October 20, 1912, a chain gage at the Montgomery Street Bridge in West Point 

was used. Gage read by J. H. Miller.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from Montgomery Street Bridge 1 mile downstream. No tributaries enter between gage and bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed rough and rocky; fairly permanent. Banks subject 

to overflow at high stages. Control is a rock ledge extending across river just 

below gage, and is probably not affected by Langdale Dana 5 miles downstream. 

The old chain gage was abandoned in 1912 because of backwater from this dam.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 19.6 feet at 7 a. m. 

March 28 (discharge, 43,000 second-feet); minimum mean daily stage recorded, 

2.4 feet July 15 (discharge, 1,470 second-feet).

1896-1917: Maximum stage recorded (old gage), 25.0 feet December 30, 1901 

(discharge, 88,600 second-feet); minimum stage recorded (old gage), 0.8 foot 

September 18-21, 1896 (discharge, 780 second-feet).

REGULATION. Operation of power plants a great distance upstream causes some diurnal fluctuation, but a mean of three daily readings is probably very accurate.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly during high water in March. 

Rating curve used October 1 to March 28 well defined between 2,500 and 30,000 

second-feet; extended above. Curve used March 29 to September 30 well defined between 1,700 and 30,000 second-feet. Gage read to tenths three times 

daily; during high water read oftener. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by Columbus Power Co. of Columbus, 

Ga.

The following discharge measurement was made by Warren E. Hall: 

November 24,1916: Gage height, 3.51 feet; discharge, 3,200 second-feet.
40 SURFACE WATEK SUPPLY, 1&17, PART II.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chattahoochee River at West Point, Ga., for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9.............. 10..............

11..............

12..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

9Q

30.........'.... 

31..............

Oct.

3,160

2,830

2,260

2,400

2,260

2,260

2

Af\r\

2,260

2,260

1,880

2,130

2 Ann

2,130

1,670

1,880

7,000

5,320

4.840

4,600

3,160

2,830

2,540

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,540

2,540 

3,730

Nov.

2,990

3,160

2,990

2,830

2 <un

2,260

2,540

2

C4rt

2.260

2,260

2

KAf\

3,730

3

-iftn

2 oon

2,830

2 fisn

2,540

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,680

3 1 fin

3,340

3,340

2,830

4,600

6,280

Dec.

5,080

4,840

3,940

3,340

3,160

3,160

3 Q4H

9,000

in i^nn

7 f^nn

5,080

4 150

3

7OA

3.730

3 70ft

3 1 fin

4,150

3

7of\

3,940

3,730

3,730

3,730

3,340

5,080

9,500

9,000 

Q nnn

Jan.

5,800

5,560

5,080

A OJA

6,280

6,040

5,320

4,600

4,370

A i cn

3,730

5,560

6,520

H CAA

18,200

16,800 i o nnn

9,250

7 750

8^250

10 cm

13,800

10,800

7,000

7 000

6'S20

8,500 7rnf\

Feb.

7 500

12^200

14 800

11,' 000

15,800

6,280

5 560

5' 560

5^320

4 Q-4.fl

4 370

4,370

4 150 A 3 o*7ft

4,600

6 n4A

9 nnn

18,500

oA Ann

24,800

16,500

20,800

18,200

9 OKft

Mar.-

7,750

10,200

18,800

35,200

00 QAft

33,200

20,000

18,800

9,750

9 Afin

7 7"^O

8,000

7,500

7 250

6,760

6,760

6,760

7,000

7,250

7 W>

17,000

16,000

20,000

27,500

27,200

40,200

42,800

33,800

22,500 

12,800

Apr.

11,000

qo Ann

35,200

27,500

22,800

15,200

-to Ann

11,000

10 000

9' 500

9

7EA

9 250

8.750

S

OCft

7 7"^O

7,500

7,250

8,000

7 250

6^500

6,500

6 250

6,250

6,000

6,000

6,000

5,500

May.

5,500

5,250

6,000

6,500

8,250

7,250

6,000

5,500

5,250

5,010

4,770

4,770

4,290

4,770

4,530

4,290

4,060

5,010

4,060

4,290

3,420

5,010

4,290

4,290

4,060

4,060

5,750

5,500

5.250 

4,290

June.

5,500

6,000

5,750

5,010

4,060

3,840

3,630

3,630

3,220

5,010

5,500

4,060

4,290

5,750

4,060

3,220

3,030

3,630

3,420

3,030

3,630

3,630

3,840

3,840

3,420

2,680

4.060

4,770

3,630

5,500

July.

8,000

7 000

5^750

5,250

4,770

4,060

5,250-

6

7CA

5,250

3,630

3,220

2,200

3,220

2,200

1,470

3,220

2,510

2,510

2,510

2,850

2,850

2,850

3,220

2,510

3,220

2,850

3,220

2,850

3,220

2,850 

3,220

Aug.

3,220

2,850

2,850

2,200

3,420

5,500

16,500

in *:flA

13,500

15,000

10,800

6,000

4,290

3,420

3,420

3,840

6,000

5,250

4,290

3,840

4,770

3,030

3.220

2,680

2,680

2,350

2,200

2,200

2,060

2,060 

3,030

Sept.

5,010

4,060

6,000

9,000

5,750

4,290

3,220

3,030

2,850

4,290

3,420

2,680

2,510

1,6£0

i o^n

1 680

1^570

1,800

1,800

1,680

2,350

5,500

21,200

7 250

4^290

25,800

32,500

24,000

Monthly discharge of Chattahoochee River at West Point, Ga., for the year ending Sept.

30, 1917.

[Drainage area, 3,300 square miles.]

Month.

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

7,000 

6,280 

10,500 

18,200 

36,000 

42,800 

35,200 

8,250 

6,000 

8.000 

16,500 

32,500

42.800

Minimum

1,670 

2,260 

3,160 

3,530 

4,150 

6,760 

5,500 

3,420 

2,680 

1,470- 

2,060 

1,570

1,470

Mean.

2,790 

2,960 

4,940 

7,960 

11,600 

17,600 

11,400 

5,060 

4,150 

3,660 

5,060 

6,520

6,940

Per 

square 

mile.

0.845 

.897 

1.50 

2.41 

3.52 

5.33 

3.45 

1.53 

1.26 

1.11 

1.53 

1.98

2.10

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.97 

1-00 

1.73 

2.78 

3.66 

6.14 

3.85 

1.76 

1.41 

1.28 

1.76 

2.21

28.55
APALACHICOLA RIVER BASIN. 41

CHESTATEE RIVER AT NEW BRIDGE, GA.

LOCATION. Just below dam of Georgia Railway & Power Co. at New Bridge, Lumpkin County, 2 miles above mouth of Yellow Creek, 10 miles by direct route above 

confluence with Chattahoochee River and 14 miles northwest of Gainesville.

DRAINAGE AREA. Not measured.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1 to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Vertical staff in tail race of the Georgia Railway & Power Co.'s power plant; 

read to tenths twice daily by J. M. Hulsey.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from boat at a section 800 feet below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of river rough and rocky.

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum mean daily stage recorded during year, 5.2 feet 

March 4; minimum mean daily stage recorded, 1.2 feet September 21.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Owing to large diurnal fluctuations caused by operation of the power 

plant of the Georgia Railway & Power Co., gage heights should be used with 

caution. Also owing to the fact that the gage is located in the tail race, the stagedischarge relationship is not permanent when water is flowing over dam,

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by Georgia Railway & Power Co.

Data inadequate for determination of discharge.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chestatee Piver at New Bridge, Ga.,for the period Jan. 1 to

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

1....................................

2....................................

3....................................

4....................................

5....................................

6....................................

7....................................

8..... ..............................

9....................................

10....................................

11....................................

12....................................

13....................................

14....................................

15....................................

16....................................

17....................................

18....................................

19.................................... 

20....................................

21....................................

22....................................

23....................................

24....................................

25....................................

26....................................

27....................................

28....................................

29....................................

30....................................

31....................................

Jan.

2.15

2.10

2.20

2-25

2.30

2.45

2.25

2.10

2.20

2.20

1.90

1.85

1.80

3.00

2.35

3.15

2.75

2.50

2.45 

2.30

2-30

2.65

2.50

2-40

2.30

2.20

2.15

2.10

2.15

2.05

Feb.

3.30

2.65

2.30

2.15

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.10

2.00

2.15

2.20

2.20

2.45

2.30

2.15

2.15

2.95 

3.30

2.95

2.75

3.00

3.10

2.70

2.80

2.75

2.60

.......

Mar.

2.75

2.75

3.25

5.20

3.25

3.55

2.70

2.80

2.60

2.60

2.50

2.50

2.45

2.40

2.30

2.85

2.55

2.45

2.40 

2.40

2.85

2.65

3.15

3.95

3.25

3.20

3.30

3.20

3.35

2.70

2.60

Apr.

2.60

2.55

2.50

2.50

3.30

2.85

2.65

2.75

2.65

2.55

2.50

2.50

2.55

2.50

2.40

2.40

2.30

2.30

2.30 

2.30

2.30

2.25

2.20

2.20

2 Oft

2.20

2.20

2.20

S

on

May.

2.10

2.10

2.20

2.50

2.10

2-20

2.15

2.05

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

1.90

1.90

2.00

2.00

2.00 

1.05

1.50

1.95

2.05

1.90

1.90

1.90

1.85

2.00

1.75

1.85

2.30

June.

1.95

2.00

2.00

2.00

1.95

2.05

2.05

2.40

2.35

2.35

2.05

2.00

2.00

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.20 

2.25

2.10

2.15

2.10

2.15

2.15

1.90

2.25

2.25

2.25

1.60

July.

1.70

2.00

1.70

1.70

1.70

1.70

1.70

2-00

2.00

1.90

1.65

1.65

1.60

1.85

1.95

1.60

2.20

3.25

2.30 

2.25

2.30

2.80

2.25

2.15

2.20

2.20

1.90

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.85

Aug.

2.20

2.20

2.10

2.10

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.60

2.45

2.20

2.20

2.20

1.90

1.90

2.50

2.15

2.10

1.75

1.65 

1.70

1.65

1.65

1.60

1.65

1.65

1.55

1.50

1.50

1.50

1.45

1.55

Sept.

2.80

1.50

1.60

1-55

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.60

1.55

1.40

1.60

1.50

1.55

1.45

1.40

1.45

1.40

1.45

1.40 

1.45

1.20

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.45

1.40

2.85

2.00

1.85
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

FLINT RIVER NEAR WOODBURY, GA.

LOCATION. At Macon & Birmingham Railroad bridge one-fourth mile downstream 

from mouth of Elkins Creek, one-third mile upstream from mouth of Cane Creek, 

and 3 miles east of Woodbury, Pike County,

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,090 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 29, 1900, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Vertical staff in four sections on left bank about.300 feet above railroad bridge; 

read by E. T. Riggins. Datum of gage, 660 feet above mean sea level.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of railroad bridge, which 

does not make a right angle with the current.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bottom consists chiefly of rock; rough; current irregular. 

Control formed by a shoal 1 mile downstream; shifts occasionally.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 10.1 feet at 7 a. m. 

March 5 (discharge, 18,100 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.2 foot several days in 

October, 1916, and September, 1917 (discharge, 325 second-feet).

1900-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 16.2 feet March 15, 1913 (discharge, 

35,300 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.4 foot October 8-10, 1911 (discharge. 86 

second-feet).

REGULATION. Some slight diurnal fluctuations may be caused by operation of small 

mills on tributary streams.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent during year. Rating 

curve used beginning October 1,1916, based on current-meter measurements made 

in 1918; well defined between 200 and 4,000 second-feet; fairly well defined 

between 4,000 and 24,000 second-feet. Gage read to tenths twice daily. Daily 

discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. 

Records fair.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during, the year.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Flint River near Woodbury, Ga., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2.... ..........

3.............. 4.............: &..............

6.. ............

7..............

8..............

...............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

K... ........... ir.... ..........

18.. ............

».... ..........

38..............

21........ __ ..

22

23..............

24..............

2c.. ............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

325

325

325

325

325

325

325

370

370

480

420

370

07 A

§70

325

325

325

2,850

9 win

860

890

540

480

480

480

480

480

480

Nov.

540

540

540

540

480

480

480

480

480

480

480

540

690

«90

830

610

540

540

 540

540

540

540

fion

690

610

fiQft

1,600

Dec.

1,600

1,400

1,220

1,130

950

860

610

540

2,710

2 OCA

2,170

1,710

1.040

860

950

 860

OAA

950

1 040

I 040

1^130

1,040

1,040

QCA

QKf»

860

1 040

1,' 710

1,820

1,600

Jan.

1,400

1,400

1,310

1,310

1,400

1,600

1,400

1,220

1,130

1,130

1,940

ftftrt

1,040

1,220

1,710

3 7f\f»

3 1 ttfi

2 <sin

2,050

2,430

6,960

S

AAft

S flfin

2,570

1 Q°.n

2

f\Kf)

Feb.

3,450

3,150

2,710

2,300

1,820

1,400

1,220

1,400

t inn

1,220

1,220

1 220

I

fon

1,040

1,040

1,040

I

con

2,300

2 ocn

5,000

6 040

5^510

3 1 ^rt

2,570

1 930

1^710

Mar.

1,820

3,150

14,700

17,800

15,900

5,170

3,150

2,170

1,930

1,820

1 600 1' fm

J,500

1,500 i *snn

1,400

1 400

1,600

3 !<yi

4 840

6 040

6^040

6 220 19* finn

15,200

13,300

8,740

4,050

Apr.

2,300

X050

2,050

2,430

10,100

14,700

13,500

8,520

4,840

2,850

2,300

1,820

1,710

1,600

1,500

1,310

1,220

1,220

1,220

1 i^fl

1 040

1 * (\&f\

1 040

1*040

CkWl

o«n

May.

860

860

860

860

950

1,040

1,040

1,220

1,130

1,040

1,040

860

Sflfl

860

860

Ron'

AQfl

690

fiQft

fiOfl

610

610

610

610

610

flQft

690

860

1,040

770

690

June.

690

610

540

540

540

540

480

480

1,040

860

770

fiQft

950

770

690

420

480

690

770

860

i 4nn

860

690

610

540

1 040

l'l30

1,820

July.

1,820

860

540

540

540

540

540

540

KA(\

540

420

420

420

420

420

2 ftCf»

3

AKjf\

3

ien

2 300

2

? rt^ft

2,050

1,600

1,600

1 040

690

770

fiQft

540

Aug.

480

540

480

540

480

690

2,570

4,050

3 600

2,570

1,400

1,130

1 onn

1,040

1,400

2

'ncrrt

1 930

1,710

1,130

690

540

480

420

370

420

Sept.

540

1 130 '690

690

540

690

690

1 040

880

6%

dfift

420

370

370

370

q7fi

Qi>c

q<*e

325

oew:

*UO

fion

1,710

2

onn

1 600

1 * soft

4,360

7,530
APALACHICOLA EIVEB BASIIT. 43

Monthly discharge of Flint River near Woodbitry, Ga.,for the year ending Sept. 30, 1917. 

[Drainage area, 1,090-square miles.]

Month.

October......................................

April ........................................

May.........................................

July.........................................

September... ................................

The year...............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2.850 

2,050 

2,850 

6,960 

6,040 

17.800 

14,700 

1,220 

1,820 

3,450 

4,360 

7,530

17,800

Minimum.

325 

480 

540 

860 

1,040 

1,400 

860 

610 

420 

420 

370 

325

325

Mean.

590 

651 

1,260 

2,230 

2,320 

5,720 

3,000 

825 

753 

1,070 

1,290 

1,100

1,730

Per square 

mile.

0.541 

.597 

1.16 

2-05 

2.13 

5.25 

2.75 

.757 

.691 

.982 

1.18 

1.01

1.59

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.62 

.67 

1.34 

2.36 

2-22 

6.05 

3-07 

.87 

.77 

1.13 

1-36 

1.13

21.59

FLINT RIVER SEAR CTTLLODEN, GA.

LOCATION. At Grays Ferry, in Upson County, 1J miles upstream from mouth of 

Auchumpkee Creek and 14 miles southwest of Culloden.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,000 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 1,1911, to September 30,1917.

GAGE. A vertical staff in four sections on left bank at old ferry landing; read by 

Lonie Williams.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from rowboat held in place by a small galvanized 

cable stretched across river.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed sandy and shifting at gage. Control is a rock ledge 

half a mile downstream; fairly permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 20.7 feet at 7 

a. m., March 5 (discharge, about 36,800 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.7 feet at 

5 p. m. September 22 (discharge, 470 second-feet).

1911-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 33.3 feet during night of July 9, 1916 

(discharge not determined); minimum stage, 1.0 foot, October 8, 1911 (discharge, 

165 second-feet).

ACCURACY. Discharge measurements made in spring of 1918 indicate that there has 

been a change in stage-discharge relation represented by the rating curve based 

on measurements made up to 1914. Change is probably caused by the high 

water in July, 1916. Rating curve used beginning October 1,1916, well defined 

below 4,000 second-feet. Above 4,000 second-feet rating curve is an extension. 

Gage read twice daily to tenths. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean 

daily gage height to rating table. Records for low water good; those for discharge above 4,000 second-feet subject to error.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.
44 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1&17, PAKT II.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Flint River near Culloden, Ga., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20. .............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25. .............

26..............

27..............

28. .............

29..............

30...........:..

31..............

Oct.

562

530

530

530

530

530

530

530

562

630

630

sin

530

530

530

530

665

1,990

1,880

1,290

1,040

922

1,080

700

665

665

665

700

735

Nov.

810

735

700

595

595

CQC

595

1,080

1,080

1 040

922

848

810

Q1A

772

71 "i

735

848

922

1,040

960

885

885

2,540

Dec.

2,320

2,100

1,670

1 QQfl

1,340

1,200

1,080

1,160

3,840

3,550

2,540

2,320

1,770

1,470

1 ^firt

1 OQft

1,290

1,380

1 OQrt

1,470

1,570

1,380

1 380

1,380

1,290

1,290

1,880

2,430

2

0 oft

Jan.

2,320

1,880

1,770

1,670

1,670

2 inn

1* 880

1,670

1,420

1 OQrt

1 340

i 900

1,470

i son

3,990

4 460

3^840

Q 9on

2,540

3,840

9,220

17,700

10,000

6,750

3,990

3,160

2 onn

Feb.

4 140

3,550

9 fisn

2,320

2,100

1 880

1 990

1,880

1,770

1,670

1,470

1,420

1,670

1,670

3,160

5 460

6 940

8,080

7,700

7 700

3,550

i nin

2,650

Mar.

3,030

5,460

26,100

35,300

26,100

16,800

9

CAA

5,460

3,840

3,290

3,030

2,540

2,430

o i9n

9 39m

2,320

2,210

2,100

2 1ftft

3,840

6,000

8,460

8,650

U 4.0ft

23,000

18,100

19 Oftft

7,320

Apr.

3,840

3,290

3,290

2,770

16,400

23,900

20,100

14,200

5,460

3 840

3' 290

3

AQA

2,770

2,540

2,320

2,210

2,100

1,990

1,990

1 880 I'sso

1,880

1,670

1,670

1,570

1,470

1,470

1,380

i Qcn

May.

1,380

1,290

1,290

1,380

1,470

1,570

1 880

2 inn

1,570

1,380

1,380

1,290

1,290

1,240

1,160

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,040

1 040

1,040

1,670

1,290

1,040

1,120

1,160

1,120

1,670

1 OQA

1,290

June.

1,080

1,080

1,040

960

960

885

810

810

772

1,880

1,880

1,420

1 200

1^160

1,240

960

810

' 810

810

848

1,080

1,160

1,770

1,420

1,200

998

1,200

1,240

1,380

4 1 460

July.

2,770

1,880

1,290

1,040

960

1,040

1,160

885

885

922

960

779

700

772

595

595

1,670

5,280

4,140

3,290

2,210

2,320

2,430

2,100

2,770

1,670

1,290

1,990

1 '998 340

Aug.

885

848

1,040

998

922

3,030

5,110

4,460

3,420

2,100

1,470

1,470

1,470

1,420

2,210

2,320

2,100

5,640

3,290

1,340

1,120

960

885

810

735

700

595

595

595

Sept.

2 540

1 380

l'240

1,160

tjQQ

S48

1,040

QQQ

960

1 040

i q^n

998

772

665

595

595

595

595

562

530

530

500

595

885

1,670

2,540

2,320

2,320

7,530

Monthly discharge of Flint River near Culloden, Ga.,for the year ending Sept. SO, 1917. 

[Drainage area, 2,000 square miles.]

Month.

March .........................................

April ..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3,550 

2,540 

3,840 

17,700 

8,080 

35,300 

23,900. 

2,100 

4,460 

5,280 

5,640 

7,530

35,300

Minimum.

530 

595 

1,080 

1,290 

1,420 

2,100 

1,380 

1,040 

772 

595 

595 

500

500

Mean.

833 

875 

1,790 

3,510 

3,610 

8,990 

4,810 

1,350 

1,240 

1,670 

1,880 

1,460

2,670

Per 

square 

mile.

0.416 

.438 

.895 

1.76 

1.80 

4.50 

2.40 

.675 

.620 

.835 

.940 

.730

1.34

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.48 

.49 

1.03 

2.03 

1.87 

5.19 

2.68 

.78 

.69 

.96 

1.08 

.81

18.09
APALACHICOLA KIVEE BASIN. 45 

FLINT RIVER AT ALBANY, GA.

LOCATION. At Dougherty County highway bridge in Albany, 700 feet below 

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad bridge and 2 miles downstream from mouth of 

Muckafoonee Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 5,000 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 10, 1893, to September 30, 1917 (United States Weather 

Bureau gage heights). Discharge measurements were begun by the Geological 

Survey in 1901, and determinations of daily discharge have been made from 

January 1, 1902, to September 30, 1915.

GAGE. Chain gage, installed at the bridge April 20, 1904; read once daily by D. W. 

Brosnan. Original staff gage was washed out in 1898; again damaged in 1902, 

and on June 18 of that year a new gage was installed by the LTnited States 

Weather Bureau at a datum 0.75 foot lower than that of the former gage. All 

gage heights for 1902 published by the United States Weather Bureau and the 

United States Geological Survey refer to the new datum. Present gage conforms with the United States Weather Bureau gage.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Fairly accurate measurements can be made at the 

section at the Atlantic Coast Line bridge, although it is very rough and train 

switching in the yard interferes with the work. The section at the Georgia 

Northern Railway bridge, 1 mile above, at which measurements are sometimes 

made, is considered better, especially for medium and low stages.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel at and below gage may shift slightly but control 

is such that conditions of flow are practically permanent except for changes 

caused by dredging below gage. The river overflows banks but only under the 

approaches to the bridge.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 20.8 feet at 7 

a. m., March 11'(discharge not determined); minimum stage, 0.5 foot, October 

4, 10-12, and 17 (discharge not determined).

1902-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 30.3 feet at 7 a. m., March 21, 1913 

(discharge, 53,700 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.1 feet, October 9-12, 1911 

(discharge, 1,110 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Power developments on Muckalee Creek, which joins Flint River 

about 2 miles above the station, cause considerable diurnal fluctuation, especially at low stages. It is probable that the flow is also affected by other power 

plants farther up the river.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year, but three 

measurements made in 1918 indicate a decided change in the stage-discharge relation 

as expressed by the curve used from 1912 to 1915. This change was caused by 

dredging operations carried on by the U. S. Army Engineers during the summer of 1915. 

Discharge records for 1915 as published in Water Supply Paper 402 were determined 

from the old rating curve and should, therefore, be used with caution. Determination of discharge for 1817 is not possible until additional current-meter measurements 

can be obtained.
46 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Flint River at Albany, Ga.,for the year ending Sept. 30,1917.

Day.

1.... ..........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30. ............. 

31..............

Oct.

0.3

.4

 .4

- .5

_ ^

.1

.0

- .1

__ Q

 .5

 .5

_ q

.1

- .4

- .4

- .5

- .2

1 9

2.4

1.8

1.0

.5

.1

- !i

Nov.

-0.2

- .2

.0

- .1

__ 1

- .1

- .2

.0

.2

.2

.1

- .1

- .3

- .3

'- .1

.3

.4

.0

.0

0

.2

.3

.3

.7

9

9

.6

.4

Dec.

0.4

.8

1.3

1.9

1.6

1.6

1.4

1.2

.9

1.0

1.4

2.4

3

1

3.3

3.3

2.9

2.5

2 9

9 n

2.0

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.8

1 Q

2.4

2.0 

2.0

Jan.

2.1

2.6

2.7

2.5

1.6

1.7

2.0

2.4

2.6

2.5

2.3

2.0

1.6

1.6

1.7

1 Q

1.6

2.4

2 6

3 A

3

Q

4.4

4.5

4.8

6.3

7.4

Q Q

a

o

9 A

10.4 

11.3

Feb.

11.0

10.4

7.2

6.0

5.6

6.1

5.8

5.2

4.6

4.2

3.3

3.1

1 i

3.2

3.2

1 i

3.0

i ^

6.8

Q n

11.0

 JO 0

1 e q

15.4

14.6

-10 K

19 a

12 1

Mar.

11.3

10.5

9.0

7.2

8.0

11.3

13.7

15.6

18.0

20.0

20.8

20.1

17.6

13.8

10.3

7.0

6.2

5.6

5.5

5.0

4 9

5.0

4

0

K A

6.6

7.4

10.0

1<? 7

16.5

Apr.

16.3

16.9

16.9

16.0

13.8

11.8

10.1

10.0

12.3

13.8

15.5

16.4

16.1

12.2

9.6

7.5

6.4

5.6

5.0

A ^

4.2

Q Q

3

4

3.4

3.1

2

0

2.9

2.6

2.3

May.

2.3

2.5

2.4

2.2

2.8

3.8

4.6

5.2

5.1

4.4

3.9

3.4

3.0

2.6

2.1

2.1

1.6

1 9

1.0

1.7

g

.7

.5

.9

1.3

1.0

.7

.6 

.8

June.

1.0

1.1

1.0

.8

.6

.4

.3

.2

.3

.4

.1

- .1

.9

1.5

1.1

.6

1.0

1.6

1.1

.8

.0

.0

.3

.7

.9

.8

1.2

July.

1.9

2.4

3.0

2.8

3.4

3.3

3.9

3.8

3.0

2.0

1.8

1.8

1.4

.5

.5

.7

.7

.5

.8

.8

2.8

4.6

5.2

5.1

4.5

3.6

3.3

2 Q

9 7

3.1 

2.1

Aug.

1.5

1.2

.8

.7

1.4

3.4

5.7

6.2

7.0

7.5

 7.4

6.8

6.0

5.4

3.7

2.7

2.7

3.4

4.0

4.5

5.2

5.7

5.8

6.7

6.0

4.4

2.5

1.4

1.4

1.3 

.9

Sept.

1.3

1.3

1.4

2.0

2.4

2.5

1.6

1.6

.9

.4

.6

.3

.3

.6

.5

.4

.3

.0 -.2

.0

.0

.0

. .0

.0 -.1

.2

.4

1 9

9 9

3.4

LITTLE POTATO (TOBLEH) CHEEK NEAR YATESVILLE, GA.

LOCATION. At Tobler mills, 1 mile downstream from Macon & Birmingham Railroad

bridge, 2 miles north of Yatesville, Upson County, and 15 miles upstream from

junction of creek with Flint River. 

DRAINAGE AREA. Not measured.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 4, 1914, to September 30, 1917. 

GAGE. Vertical staff on right bank just below penstock of Tobler mills; read by J. K.

Sanders. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from steel highway bridge across mill pond

about 600 feet above gage during medium and high stages; by wading during low

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of boulders and solid rock. Control formed

by solid rock shoal; permanent. 

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 2.6 feet at 5.30 p. m.

April 5 (discharge not determined); minimum stage, 0.4 foot November 4-23,

25-28, and December 3-8 (discharge not determined).

1914-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 3.3 feet at 5.30 a. m. July 8 and 5 p. m.

July 18, 1916 (discharge not determined); minimum stage, 0.3 foot at 6 a. m.

September 29, 1915 (discharge not determined). 

REGULATION. Operation of Tobler mills causes large fluctuations in stage. Gage is

read in the morning before operation of mill in order to obtain reading^ which

more nearly represent the natural stage. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent; not affected by ice. Owing to

storage in mill pond, gage heights do not indicate the mean for day accurately,

particularly at low water. Therefore the gage-height record should be used with

caution.

The following discharge measurement was made by Warren E. Hall: 

July 25,1917: Gage height, 0.30 foot; discharge, 0.5 second-foot.
ESCAMBIA RIVER

Daiiy grogjg , o/ Little Potato ( Tobler) Creek near YatesvilUf Ga~, /or the 

year ending Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

1..............

2..............

a..............

4..............

5..............

9..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

WK. .............

11..............

12..............

13.... ..........

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

38..............

31..............

Oct.

0 6

ft

&

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

5

5

5

7

6

6

6

6

6

5

5

5

6

6

6

Nov.

0.5

.5

.5

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.5

.4

.4

.4

.5

.&

Dec.

0.5

.5

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5.'5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

Jan.

0.5

.5

.5

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.5

.5

.5

.6

.6

.7

.9

.9

.9

.ft

.6

.9

.9

2 0

2.0

1.2

1.0

.6

.6

.6

.&

Feb.

1.0

.6

.6

.6

.6

.ft

.6

.6

.6

.6

.5

.1

.7

.7

.7

.7

.1

1.1

1.3

1.2

9

.9

.9

.9

Mar.

0.9

1.5

.9

2 1

2.0

1.2

.9

.9

.9

.9

9

.9

.9

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

1.1

Q

1.4

.9

': .9

1.7

.9

.9

.9

.9

Apr.

0.9

.9

.9

.9

2.6

1,4

1.2

1.0

1.0

.9

.9

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

,7

.7

.7

.8

.8

.7

.7

.7

.7

.8

,8

.8

.7

.7

May,

0.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.8

.8

.8

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.65

.65

.65

.65

.65

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

June.

0.7

.7

.6

.6

.6

.6

.7

.7

.6

1.7

^9

.8

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.6,

.6

.8

.6

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

July.

0.7

.7

.7

' .7

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.55

.55

.7

1.1

.7

.8

.65

.7

.7

.65

1.05

.75

.7

.7

.7

.7

Aug.

0.7

.7

.78

.75

.7

.7

1.1

1.1

1.0

.75

.7

.7

.7

.6

.62

.6

.6

.6

.6

.85

.6

.6

.6

.55

.5

.5

.5

.6

.6

.ft

,.6

Sept.

0.5

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.65

.6

.65

.62

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.6

.52

.55

.5

.5

.5

.5

.7

.6

.6

.6

.6

1.6

.8

ESCAMBIA RIVER BASI1T. 

COmECTTH KIVER AT BECK, ALA.

LOCATION. At Simmons Bridge at Beck, Covington County, 8 miles west of Andalusia, a station on Central of Georgia and Louisville & Nashville railroads, and 

12 miles downstream from mouth of Patsaliga Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,290 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 24,, 1904 to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to upstream side of wagon bridge; read by A. W. Lambert.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTKOL. Channel cut in soft bedrock; practically permanent. Both 

banks subject to overflow at very high stages. Location of control not known.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage (no gage height) September 30 (discharge interpolated, 13,800 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.3 feet at 8 a. m. June 

25 (discharge, 262 second-feet).

1904-1917: Maximum stage (no gage height) March 18, 1913 (discharge, 26,000 

second-feet, estimated by comparison, with Pea River at Pera, Ala.); minimum 

stage, 0.7 foot October 4, 1904 (discharge, 187 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. The flow may at times be affected by logging operations,

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. Rating curve based on 

discharge measurements made prior to 1911 and checked by two discharge 

measurements made subsequent to 1917, is faMy well defined between 225 and 

7,000 second-feet above which it is extended. Station was not visited from 

October IS, 1911, to June 22, 1918. Graduated corrections due to elongation of 

chain have been applied to gage heights. Gage read to tenths once daily except 

Sundays. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to 

rating table. Records fair.

No discharge measurements were made during the year.
48 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Conecuh River at Beck, Ala., for the years ending Sept.

30, 1914-1917.

Day. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug.

1913-14.

1......

2......

3.....

4......

5......

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28. 

29;.

30.

31.

874

834

1,300

1,320

1,350

1,260

1,170

1,040

1,040

955

914

795

684

650

650

617

601

585

585

585

554

524

650

762

874

1.040

1,040

996

914

955

998 

1,010 

1,OSO 

1,120 

1,040

1.300

2,000

2,240

2,480

2,970

2,860

2,750

2,860

2,970

2,920

2,860

2,750

2,640

2,480

2,430

2,320

2,280

2,200

2,160

2,100

2,320

2,320

2,430

2,510

2,590

2,540

2,370

2,430

2,370

2,320

2,160

2,000

1,890

1,730

1,780

1,830

1,680

1,730

1,780

2,210

2,270

2,210

2,100

2,050

1,840

1,640

1,540

1,490

1,350

1,260

1,210

1,160

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,040

1,040

996

976

955

831

795

955

1,040

1,020

1.040

1,120

2,100

2,000

1,780

1,730

1,940

2,160

2,000

1,730

1.490

1,400

1,210

1,020

834

795

720

874

874

834

742

650

650

617

585

650

650

865

834

650

617

585

524

460

395

373

332

332

295

295

286

278

278

262

262

262

262

262

262

262

278

262

262

295

345

395

469

524

443

373

332

305

278

262

262

352

278

202

270

278

295

295

295

278

262

262

262

262

278

278

247

250

258

262

247

373

395

373

373

262

247

234

220

220

233

233

220

220

214

208

220

233

278

262

262

270

278

313

352

332

332

395

474

554

585

617

585

585

585

618

650

684

720

1,040

874

1,080

1,100

1,120

1,040

955

874

914

955

802

650

Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. July. Aug.

1914-15.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

1,680

2,100

2,270

2,220

2,160

2,050

1,890

1,730

1,730

1,640

1,470

1,300

795

795

757

874

914

1,040

1,170

1,170

1,170

1,080

1,040

914

874

834

757

720

650

650

554

539

524

469

469

418

418

395

446

496

524

585

585

650

684

779

874

914

996

996

996

914

854

795

720

720

668

617

720

920

1,120

1,890

1,890

1,890

1,940

2,050

1,940

1,830

1,730

1,640

1,590

1,440

1,400

1,440

1,490

1,440

1,350

1,400

1,350

1,400

1,260

1,120

1,040

955

955

795

955

976

996

1,490

1,640

2,050

2,050

2,050

2,130

2,210

2,100

2,270

2,480

2,430

2,320

2,300

2,270

2,480

2,590

2,370

2,270

2,160

3,290

4,420

6,410

6,240

5,840

6,060

6,690

7,040

7,380

7,200

6,800

5,270

4,750

4,470

4,330

4,190

4,420

4,750

4,360

4,080

4,030

4,000

3,970

3,860

3,800

3,690

3,520

3,300

3.190

3.080

3,240

3,350

3,350

3,300

3,190

3,160

3,110

3,080

3,300

3,300

3,130

3,130

3,180

3,240

3,240

3,130

3,080

7,260

7,030

6,320

5,610

5,040

5,150

5,100

4,920

4,810

4,480

4,140

3,630

3,350

3,080

2,700

2,540

2,380

2,210

2,050

1,940

1,890

1,640

1,590

1,520

1,440

1,440

2,480

2,590

2,640

2,480

2,340

2,210

2,160

2,000

1,830

1,730

1,680

1,580

1,490

1,260

1,210

1,170

1,120

1,120

i,060

996

914

914

834

834

757

617

585

554

585

496

469

456

443

418

469

469

496

6,630

6,520

6,410

5,320

4,870

4,190

3,860

3,020

2,640

2,270

1,640

1,440

1,170

955

834

726

617

585

554

496

496

443

531

707

795

757

757

757

757

876

996

684,

617

585

456

443

395

443

443

395

395

384

373

373

332

313

352

373

546

720

617

834

650

617

650

736

910

996

1,080

1,210

1,350

1,400

1,350

1,300

1,780

1,120

914

795

617

586

554

469

617

585

469

395

336

278

278

295

247

295

247

240

233

247

874

617

524

395

395

395

352

373

395

395

469

456

443

469

418

418

443

576

684

617

554

554

496

469

432

395

395
ESCAMBIA EIVEE BASIN. 49

Daily discharge, in second feet, of Conecuh River at Beck, Ala. for the years ending 

Sept. 30, 1914-1917 Continued.

Day.

1915-16. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5...............

6.............

7.......

8....... .

9..............

10..............

11.............

12..............

13.........

14.............

15..............

16..............

17.............

18.............

19.......

20............

21.......... .

22.......

23........

24.......... .

25.............

26......

27......

28. .....

29.......

30...... . ..

31...........

1916-17. 

1..............

2........

3............

4...... .. .

5..............

6............

7.............

8..............

9.............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13.............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18. .............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

Ol

Oct.

2,970

2,210

2,000

1,780

1,540

1,730

1,680

1,490

1,300

1,030

757

684

585

585

1,260

' 1,040

812

585

554

6,180

4,470

2,100

1,890

1,940

2,000

2,160

2,700

3,350

3,350

2.590

2 060

342

332

313

313

295

313

295

295

295

278

278

295

97ft

278

278

278

278

373

2,480

1,440

1,210

1,260

874

757

650

554

586

617

413

Nov.

1,120

874

795

720

684

650

617

617

585

554

554

554

539

524

554

524

524

834

684

684

684

650

617

585

524

795

758

720

684

418

495

3%

373

373

352

352

373

352

362

373

395

395

-395

373

373

373

373

373

395

469

585

524

554

585

585

617

617

Dec.

650

650

585

554

554

554

554

524

524

524

524

510

496

524

524

496

524

1,730

1,760

1,780

1,730

1,730

1,680

1,640

1,680

1,610

1,540

1,300

7,430

6,920

6,980

684

757

776

795

684

617

554

1.210

1,680

1,360

1,040

996

955

914

1,210

996

955

914

834

795

874

795

757

876

996

1,040

955

834

2,810

1,680

1,440

Jan.

6,060

7,000

7,940

6,980

5,550

4,750

3,080

2,640

2,210

1,780

1,640

1,590

2,640

2,750

2,320

2,480

2,640

2,910

2,480

2,000

1,830

1,780

2,080

2,370

2,050

1,940

i,830

1,640

1,590

1/470

1,350

1,210

1,210

1,080

996

955

998

976

955

914

874

834

757

757

898

1,040

1,170

1,260

1,260

1,260

1,170

1,190

1,210

4,140

4,250

4,030

3,350

3,020

2,960

2,910

2,970

3,020

Feb.

1,590

2,370

3,410

3,350

3,300

3,970

4,640

4,590

3, 630

2,860

2,270

1,830

1,800

1,780

1,680

1,440

1,400

1,350

1,260

1,170

1,080

1,080

1,080

1,590

1,680

1,300

1,190

1,080

1,210

2,860

2,700

2,370

2,180

2,000

1.830

1.680

1,540

1,440

1,300

1,240

1,170

1,120

1,080

1,400

1,540

1,540

4,080

6,630

7,770

7,490

6,520

5,950

6,980

6,950

6,920

6,520

5,780

Mar.

1,590

1,640

1,640

1,780

1,800

1,830

1,640

2,050

2,100

1,890

2,100

1,940

1,780

1,490

1,300

1,210

1,080

996

976

955

914

874

874

834

834

2,010

3,190

4,870

5,040

5,660

7,200

5,440

8,860

8,520

9,710

10,900

10, 700

10,700

10,200

11,500

11,000

8,880

6,750

4,920

3,800

3,240

2,810

2,540

2,320

2,100

1,890

1,780

3,020

2,370

2,320

2,860

3,410

4,250

7,040

8,400

8,120

6,690

Apr.

8,230

6,460

4,700

3,520

2,750

2,320

2,050

2,540

2,270

2,000

1,780

1,680

1,490

1,260

1,170

1,080

996

914

834

795

1,590

1,680

1,520

1,350

1,120

914

834

720

650

602

6,040

5,380

5,040

4,250

5,440

6,060

6,350

5,860

5,380

4,700

4,700

4,590

4,030

3,300

3,080

2,860

2,430

2,050

1,780

1,590

1,400

1,330

1,260

1,120

1,080

1,040

996

955

875

795

May

554

554

524

617

650

684

619

554

524

469

443

395

395

384

373

352

373

352

373

373

421

469

2,590

1,350

1,120

1,040

757

656

554

469

395

757

720

650

757

1,210

1,240

1,260

1,300

1,170

1,170

1,080

1,080

957

834

757

720

617

585

554

525

4%

4%

469

443

443

418

406

395

418

395

373

June

395

373

352

332

313

313

295

262

262

262

254

247

247

313

332

418

373

408

443

373

373

352

313

418

385

352

395

3i3

373

395

373

373

352

332

313

313

295

313

278

326

373

332

313

295

332

313

313

313

295

373

352

332

295

278

262

278

262

262

278

332

July

352

468

585

443

524

955

4,700

15, 600

15,000

14,500

13,400

12,400

11,400

11,000

9,880

9, 140

8,400

8,230

9,430

7,200

4,810

3,800

4,110

4,420

4,750

4,750

4,530

5,660

7,090

5,860

4,640

342

352

352

1,640

617

1,170

955

1,020

1,080

874

720

585

585

914

977

1,040

914

834

914

1,040

1,210

1,580

1,940

2,050

2,860

2,270

2,430

2,320

1,980

1,640

1,440

Aug.

3,240

2,590

3,240

3,130

2,640

2,860

3,080

3,750

4,470

3,910

3,630

3,080

2,920

2.750

2,590

1,540

1,260

1,040

874

779

684

650

617

554

524

4%

482

469

524

469

443

1,730

1,730

1,.260

996

1,980

2,970

3,130

3,080

3,410

3,690

4,030

4,280

4, .530

3,800

2,810

2,910

2,970

1,830

1,960

2,100

1,640

1,400

1,440

1,490

1,640

1,560

1,490

1,260

874

757

996

Sept.

443

582

720

1,300

757

585

524

496

525

554

443

418

469

524

524

 496

469

443

418

418

395

373

362 "352

332

352

352

418

352

1,440

1,100

757

684

585

554

554

524

484

443

395

373

418

395

373

343

313

332

313

313

313

278

286

295

295

313

332

914

13,200

13,800

NOTE. Daily discharge interpolated for Sundays when gage was not read, and for the following days 

when there was no reading: Jan. 1, Feb. 23, May 30, July 4 and Nov. 26,1914; Jan. 1, Feb. 22, May 31, July 5, 

and Sept. 6,1915.

Maximum stage of 30.1 feet at 8 a. m. July S, 1916, as indicated in Water Supply Paper 432 as being the 

maximum stage recorded for the year ending Sept. 30, 1916, is changed to 29.9 feet (discharge 15,600 

second-feet) owing to correction to gage height caused by elongation of gage chain. Likewise the minimum 

stage recorded for the same year is changed from 1.4 feet to 1.2 feet at 8 a. m June 12-13 (discharge 247 secondfeet).

112129° 20 WSP 452 4
50 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1317, PART II.

Monthly discharge of Conecuh River at Beet, Ala., for the years ending Sept. 3Q,

1914-1917.

[Drainage area, 1,290 square miles.]

Menth.

Discharge in second-feet.

Haximum- Miniinum. Mean.

Per

square 

mile.

Run-off 

.(depth in 

inches on

drainage 

area).

1914.

January....................................... 1,350

February...................................... 2.970

March./....................................... 2,

April.......................................... 2,160

May........................................... 1,080

June........................................... 52 4

July........................................... 395

August........................................ 1,120

September..................................... 1,830

1914-15.

October....................................... 2,270

November..................................... 1,120

December..................................... 2/050

January....................................... 7,380

February...................................... 4.750

March......................................... 7,260

April.......................................... 2,640

May........................................... 6,630

June........................................... 996

July...........................................; 1,780

August........................................ 874

September..................................... 1,830

The year................................ 7,380

1915-16.

October....................................... 6,180

November..................................... 1,540

December-.................................... 7,430

January....................................... 7,940

February...................................... 4.640

March......................................... 7.200

April.......................................... 8,230

May........................................... 2,590

June........................................... 443

July.......................................... 15,600

August........................................ 4,470

September.................................... 1,300

The year.

October....

November.. 

December.. 

January....

February... 

March......

April.......

May........

June........

July........

August.....

September..

1916-17.

15.600

2,480

617

2.810

4,250

7,770

11,500

6,350

1,300

373

2.860

4,530

524

1,120

720

262

262

208

262

313

875

2,210

1,880

1.260

517

309

261

664

0.678

1.71

1.46

.977

.400

.210

.202

515

.611

554

395

795

2,050

3,080

1,440

496

418

313

247

233

247

1,260

694

1,460

3,960

3/570

3,500

1,350

1,940

558

746

458

703

0.977

.538

1.13

3.07

2.77

2.71

1.05

1.50

.433

.578

.355

.545

233 1,680 1.30

554

524

496

1,350

1,080

834

352

247

352

443

332

1,920

692

1,570

2,950

2,100

2,070

1,990

625

341

6,710

1.910

495

1.49

.536

1.22

2.29

1.63

1.60

1.54

.484

.264

5.20

1.48

.384

247 1.52

278

352

554

757

1,080

1,780

795

373

262

The year.

757

278

262

600

431

1,030

1,730

3,590

6,060

3,190

732

315

1,250

2,250

1,360

1,870

0.465

.334

.798

1.34

2.78

4.70

2.47

.567

.244

.970

1.74

1.05

1.45

0.78

1.78

1.68

1.09

.46

.27

.23

.59

.68

1.13

.60

1.30

3.54

2.88

3.12

1.17

1.73

.48

.67

.41

.61

17.64

1.72

.60

1.41

2.64

1.76

1.84

1.72

.56

.29

6.00

1.71

.43

0.54

.37

.92

1.54

2.90

5.42

2.76

.65

.27

1.12

2.01

1.17

19.67
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1011, PART H. 51 

MOBILE RIVER BASIN.

OOSTANATJLA RIVER AT RESACA, GA.

LOCATION. At Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louia Railroad bridge in Besaca, Gordon 

County, 400 feet upstream from Dixie highway bridge, a mile above Camp Creek, 

and 3 miles below the junction of Conasauga and Coosawattee Rivera, which form 

Oostanaula River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,610 aquare miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. 1891 to 1898 (gage heights by the United Statea Weather 

Bureau and discharge measurements and gage heights by the United States Geological Survey); 1899 to 1904, partial records of gage heights; continuous records, 

January 1, 1905, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Heavy vertical timber attached to the downstream side of midstream pier 

of railroad bridge.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from the Dixie highway bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of aand; somewhat shifting. Right bank ia 

a high bluff not subject to overflow; left bank high but is overflowed at very high 

stages. Location of control is not exactly known. Stage-discharge relation has 

changed slightly.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 30.2 feet March 6 

(discharge, 26,800 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 1.9 feet October 16 

(discharge, 545 second-feet).

1896-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 1 31.7 feet March 15, 1909 (discharge, 

39,200 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.95 foot during discharge meaaurement 

September 26, 1904 (diacharge, 273 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Practically none from the few small milla upstream.

ACCURACY. A change in the atage-discharge relation below 2,800 aecond-feet, shown 

by current meter measurements made in 1918 and 1919, occured sometime after 

November 1, 1915, the date of the last previous discharge measurements. The 

change probably occured during the high water in March 1917, the highest intervening flood. The rating curve used from April 1,1913 to September 30,1916, waa 

therefore used to March 6,1917 and ia well defined between 500 and 8,000 aecondfeet, above which it ia extended as a tangent. Curve uaed March 7 to September 

30 is well denned between 450 and 8,000 second-feet, and ia the same aa the previous curve above 2,800 aecond-feet. Gage read to tentha once daily. Gage 

heights at low atages subject to error owing to poor conditions of lower part of gage. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage heights to rating table. 

Records fair.

No discharge measurements were made during the year.-

1 Gage-height records not obtainable during the following periods: May 1 to July 31,1896; May 1 to 

October 31, 1899: July 1 to October 31, 1900: May 1 to November 12, 1901, and January 1, 1902 to 

December 31,1904.
52 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

Daily discharge in second-feet, of Oostanaula River at Resaca, Ga.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

2. .............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.1............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

830

830

780

830

830

780

830

830

780

1,750

1,110

830

780

590

590

545

590

590

1,050

1,750

1,410

1,050

830

830

780

830

830

780

830

1,750

Nov.

1,110

780

830

830

780

830

780

830

780

830

830

780

830

1,110

1,050

1,110

1,110

780

830

830

780

830

2,110

1,680

1,410

1,350

1,410

1,350

1,750

Dec.

1,410

1,350

1,110

1,110

1,050

1,750

1,050

1,110

1,750

1,750

1,680

1,750

1,750

1,350

1,110

1,0,50

1,110

1 7Ptfl

1,610

2 040

2,' 110

2,110

1,750

1,680

3,270

10,500

5,870

Jan.

3,270

3,190

8,690

5,780

5,690

5,330

4,110

3,600

3 97n

2,490

2 040 2' no

5

o7n

6

OOA

9 170

10,100

7,730

5,780

5,870

5,420

7,160

9

fifin

6,690

4,980

3,600

2,490

2,420

4,980

4 Gen

Feb.

7,250

14,300

10,600

6,870

4,450

4,110

Q ion

3,270

2 800

2^490

2,490

2,420

2 4.Qfl

2 960

2' ^7rt

3,270

3 1 Qrt

3,680

8,110

i % onfl

18,600 i s PKYI

15,600

19 firtfl

10,100

6,320

4,890

4 

' 540

Mar.

5,870

11,500

19, 100

25,000

26,800

24,500

21,100

15,600

7 71ft

4,980

4 980

4*980

5^330

4,980

4,890

9,660

8,590

«; s7n

5,870

11,500

18,100

22,500

24,600

23,600

22,000

19.600

15,600

Apr.

7,730

5,870

4,980

10,100

7,730

7,730

6,690

5,870

5,870

4,980

4 540

4,' 020

4,110

4,020

3,850

3,270

3,270

3,190

3,270

3,270

2,800

2,730

2,420

2,500

2,420

2,500

May.

2,500

2,420

2,500

2,500

4,020

2,500

21420

2,500

2,420

2,500

2,500

2 420

2,500

2,040

2,120

2,040

2,120

2,040

1,900

1,140

1,080

l'760

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,760

June.

4,110

1,760

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,760

2,420

7,730

3,270

2,420

2,500

1 760

1,690

1,760

1,690

1 760

1,690

2,500

2,120

2,420

2,500

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,690

1,760

July.

1,760

1,380

1,380

1 4Afl

1,380

3 97ft

1,690

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,690

2,500

2,420

2,500

2,420

2,500

2,420

2,500

2,420

2,500

3,190

2,500

1,690

1,760

Aug.

1,760

1,690

s 97n

2,420

1,760

I

CQft

1,760

3 ion

8,500

4,720

2,500

2,420

1,760

1,690

1 760

1,690

1,760

1,690

1,760

1,080

1,140

1,080

1,140

1,080

1,140

1,080

870

600

640

600

640

Sept.

2 W)

2,420

2 C/VI

1,690

1 140

1

ACA

1 140

1*080

1 140

1^080

600

640

600

640

600

640

1,690

640

600

640

600

640

1,690

1,140

1,080

1,140

4,020

5,870

2,420

Monthly discharge of Oostanaula River at Resaca, Ga., for the year ending Sept. 30,1917.

[Drainage area 1,610 square miles.]

Month.

April...........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

MaTrimiim1,750 

2,110 

10,500 

11,100 

18,600 

26,800

11,500 

4,020 

7,730 

3,270 

8,500 

5,870

26,800

Minimum.

545 

780 

1,050 

2,040 

2,420 

4,890 

2,420 

1,080 

1, 690 

1,380 

600 

600

545

Mean.

923 

1,050 

2,290 

5,390 

7,020 

13,800 

4,880 

2,120 

2,240 

2,010 

1,900 

1,420

3,740

Per 

square 

mile.

0.571 

.652 

1.64 

3.35 

4.36 

8.57 

3.03 

1.32 

1.39 

1.25 

1.18 

.882

3.32

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.66 

.73 

1.64 

3.86 

4.54 

9.88 

3.38 

1.52 

1.55 

1.44 

1.36 

.98

31.54
MOBILE RIVER BASIN. 53

COOSA RIVER AT RIVERSIDE, ALA.

LOCATION. At Southern Railway bridge at Riverside, St. Clair County, 1 mile upstream from mouth of Blue Eye Creek, 4 miles downstream from Lock 4, and 5 

miles upstream from Lock 5.

DRAINAGE AREA. 7,060 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 25, 1896, to November 30, 1916.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to right end of downstream side of railroad bridge. 

The original wire gage was located near middle of river.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of railroad bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of stream rocky; permanent. Control composed 

of rock ledges below bridge; permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. 1896-1916: Maximum stage recorded, 21.4 feet at 12 m. 

July 10, 1916 (discharge, 82,600 second-feet, determined by extending high-water 

portion of rating curve as a tangent and may be somewhat too small); minimum 

stage, 0.35 foot October 20 to November 1, 1904 (discharge, 1,220 second-feet).

ICE, Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Flow is not noticeably affected by operation of navigation locks; lock 

seldom operated.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, not affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined below 50,000 second-feet; above that point curve is 

an extension. Gage read to tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good.

The rating curve has not been checked by discharge measu'rements since 1911, 

but comparison of records for this station with records for the station at Childersburg from 1914 to 1916 indicates that there has not been any change in stagedischarge relation. Determination of discharge after November 30, 1916, not 

possible owing to serious backwater effect from construction operations at Lock 5, 

5 miles below station.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Coosa River at Riverside, Ala., for the period Oct. 1 to

Nov. 30, 1916.

Day.

1................

3................

5................

6................

7................

8. ...............

9................

10................

Oct.

6,540

6,840

4,640

3,890

3,660

3,430

3,660

3,220

3,220

Nov.

3,010

4,900

6,250

3,660

3,220

3,430

3,010

3,220

3,010

Day.

11................

12................

13................

14................

15................

16................

17................

18................

19................

20................

Oct.

3,010

3,220

2,810

3,010

2,810

3,010

2,810

3,010

2,810

3,010

Nov.

3,010

3,220

3,010

3,220

3,010

3,010

3,430

3,430

3,660

3,430

Day.

21................

22................

23 ................

24................

25................

26................

27................

 28................

29................

30................

31 ................

Oct.

2,810

7,440

6,540

5,420

3,660

3,660

3,430

3,220

3,220

3,010

3,010

Nov.

3,220

3,430

3,220

3,430

3,890

4,380

5,420

6,250

5,700

5,160

Monthly discharge of Coosa River at Riverside, Ala., for the period Oct. 1 to Nov. 30, 1916. 

[Drainage p.rea, 7,060 square miles.]

Month.

October .......................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

7,440 

6,250

Minimum.

2,810 

3,010

Mean.

3,800 

3,830

Per 

square 

mile.

0.538 

.542

Run-off 

(depth, in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.62 

.60
54 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II. 

COOSA RIVER AT CHJLDERSBTJRG. ALA,

LOCATION. At Central of Georgia Railway bridge half a mile west of Childersburg, 

Talladega County, 35 miles above site of lock 12, and 75.3 miles above Wetumpka.

DRAINAGE AREA. 8,390 square miles (determined by Alabama Power Co.).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 22, 1914., to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Gurley printing water-stage recorder attached to downstream end of second 

pier from right bank of river, installed on May 5, 1914. Prior to that date readings 

were taken from a vertical staff gage fastened to upstream side of same pier to 

which Gurley gage is now attached. Datum of Gurley gage is about 0.1 foot 

higher than that of the staff gage. This difference in datum is believed constant 

since 1914. All records from 1915 to 1917 are referred to datum of Gurley gage. 

Sea-level elevation of zero of staff gage is 421 feet (United States Army Engineers' datum).

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS, Made from the bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for half a mile below gage. Left bank 

high; right bank subject to overflow at extreme high stages. Control not well 

denned; bed of stream probably permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

20.8 feet from 11 to 12 a. m. March 5 and 7 to 9 p. m. April 5 (discharge not 

determined); minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 1.6 feet from 6 p. m. 

September 24 to 11 a. m. September 27 (discharge, 3,470 second-feet).

1914-1917: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder, 24.7 feet from 3 to 9 

and 11 to 12 p. m. July 11, 1916 (discharge not determined owing to lack of data 

for extending rating curve); minimum discharge, 2,370 second-feet, September 

20, 1914.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. Rating curve based on 

four discharge measurements made in 1918' and is well defined between 3,000 

and 20,000 second-feet; extended above 20,000 second-feet. Operation of waterstage recorder satisfactory except for periods indicated in footnote to dailydischarge table. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to rating table mean 

daily gage height obtained by averaging hourly gage height or, for days of large 

variations in stage, by averaging the discharge for intervals of the day. Records 

good except those above 25,000 second-feet, which should be used with caution.

COOPERATION. Gage-height records furnished by the Alabama Power Co.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.
MOBILE EIVEB BASEST. 55

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Coosa River at Childersburg, Ala., for the years ending

Sept. 30, 1915-1917.

Day.

 1914-15. ' 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6.............. 

7. .............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............. 

12..............

10

14.............. 

15..............

16..............

17..............

ID

2).............. 

21..............

22.............. 

23..............

24.............. 9<;

26.............. 

27..............

28.............. 

29..............

30....---....-.-

31.....--..---..

1915-16. 

1..............

2

4. . ........ ....

5.............. 

6...-....---..-

7..............

9

10..............

12..............

10

1 *\

16..............

17..............

1 C

19

20..............

*>i

22

24. .............

OC

26..............

97

28..............

29.............. 

30............. 

31..............

Oct.

3,250

3.470

3,360

3,140

3,040

3,040

2,940

3,250

3,250

4,740 

5,370

4,620

4,383 

4,040

4,740

8,240

15,500

15,900

11,600 

7,630

5,630 

4,740

4,260

4,040

3,800 

3,580 

3,470 

3,360

3,250

3,250

4,620 

12,200

14,000

13,000 

14,000

17,400

19,300

16,600

13,000 

9,520

7,180

5,900

5,500

10,200

11,200

15,500

16,200

13,700

18,500

26,300

31,700

qo Rnn

25 400

10 QAA

14,800

11,600

9,520

8,240 

7,330 

6,900

Nov.

3,250

3,040

3,040

3,040

3,040

3,040

3 fl4fi

3,040

2,940

3,040

3,040 

3,140

4,150

4,500 

4,150

4,150

5,500

5,900

5,630 

4,740

4,150 

3,800

3,690

3,580

3,470 

3,470 

3,470

4,040

5,240

6,460 

6,040

5,760

5,500

5,370 

5,240

5,110

4,860

4,860

4,620

4,620

4,620

4,980

5,900

7

Qon

9

CCLA

10 -7/\fi

to Ann

in OHO

9 190

8 240

7,330

7,180

7,630

7 930 8,240- 

8,550

Dec.

5,900

6,460

7,330

11,000

17,000

22,400

30,400

26,300

18,900

13,300 

9.520

8,240

9,190 

10,200

10,200

9,520

8,550

7,630

6,900 

6,600

6,600 

6,900

7,630

10,200

21,600 

34,100 

41,300 

46,100

53,000

50,100

8.550 

7,930

7,180

6,600

6,180 

6,040

5,900

5,760

5,500

5,370 

5,370

6,040

6,180

6,460

6,900

7,180

9,950

27,200

41,300

47,800

48,900

47,200

45,600

OR O/V1

16,500

14,000

20,000

50,700 

66,900 

66,900

Jan.

45,600

36,100

25,000

17,700

14,400

14,800 

24,500

29,400

32,200

30,800

26,300 

21,600

20,000

19,600 

19,600

18,900

19,600

21,200

23,700

25,800 

26,300

24,500 

21,200

22,000

20,400

22,800 

27,200 

28,100 

25,000

20,400

18,500

63,400 

59,400

58,200

57,100

54,200 

42,800

25,000

17,000

15,500

14,400 

13,700

17,000

23,700

24,100

24,100

23,200

18,100

15,900

14,400

17,400 QA Ann

07 AHA

25,000

21,600

18,100 

15,100 

14,400

Feb.

30,800

52,400

59,400

60,000

60,000

61,100

KC CftA

48,900

37,100

25,400

19,600 

17 000

15^100

14,000 

16,000

19,000

21,000

90 nAn

22,000

17,000 

15,500

13,700 

13,000

15,900

19,300

22,800 

25,800 

23,700

23,700 

48,400

57,600

55,300

51,800

41,800

31,700

22,400

19,300

1Q OAn

1 B OArt

18,100

16,200

14 400

13,700

10 nArt

U Qftft

10 900

10,500

10,200

11,200

10,900

11,200

13,700

14,000

16,200

Mar.

19,600

16,600

15.100

14,400

23,200

29,900

9Q QOfi

90 «nft

*>c. cnn

22,400

19,300 

16,600

W QAA

13,700 

13,000

12,200

11,600

11,600

11,200

11,600

i*> eno

12,600 

11,900

10,500

10,200 

9,520 

9,520 

9,520

9,190

10,200

15,100 

15,900

22,000

22,000 

20,400

18,100

19,300

20,400

15,100

10 OAA

12,200

11,600

10,900

10,500

10,200

9,520

9,190

8,870

8 9,m

8

f)Af\

13,300

14,800

13,300

11,900 

10,900 

10,500

Apr.

10,500

10,200

9,850

9,850

9,520

8,870 

8,550

8,240

7,930

7,930

7,630 

7,330

7,040

7,180

7,630

7,630

7,040

6,750

6,600 

6,460

6,320 

6,180

6,180

6,040

5,900 

Si 900 

5,630 

5,630

5,630

9,850 

9,190

10,500

10,900

9,850 

9,190

10, 500

15,100

14,800

13,300 

12,200

11,200

9,520

8,550

S ^ft

8,870

8 240

8,240

7,930

7

QOA

7

AOA

7 O^ft

7,630

7 330

6,900

6,750

6,460 

6,460

May.

5,500

5,630

5,500

5,370

5,110

5,110 

12,000

37,100

37,600

35,600 

31,700 29; ooo

22,400

17,000 

13,700

13,000

11,900

10,200

8,870

7,930 

7,330

7,040 

6,600

6,460

6,180

6,180 

6,460 

7,330 

8,870

9,190

7,930

6,180 

6,180

6,180

5,900

5,900 

5,760

5,630

5,630

5,370

5,370 

5,110

5,110

4,860

4,860

4,620

5,110

4,980

4,740

4,620

4,500

4,380

5,110

7,630

12,600

19,300

22,800

19,600

14,000

10,900 

10,500 

10,900

June.

6,750

6,180

6,180

6,460

6,750

.......

 --"--

.......

.......

------

13,300 

13,000

9,800

8,240

7,040 

6,600

7,630

10.200

8,870

7,930 

7,330

7,040

12,600

12,200

11,600

10,900

10,200

12,200

11,900

9,520

7,630

7,630

6,320

6,320

6,180

6,900

6,600

6; 460 

6,320

July7,000

7,500

8,500

9,850

13,700

20,800 

18,900

18,100

15,500

15,100

14,000 

10,200

9,580

8,870 

8,550

7,930

7,930

8,240

7,630

6,900 

6,180

5,500 

5,110

4,860

4,860

4,860 

,,4,620 

4,380 

4,150

4,040

3,920

6,040 

5,900

6,180

5,900

6,600 

6,900

46,900

91,300

83,700

68,700

 

Aug.

3,800

3,800

3,800

4,040

3,800

3,800 

4 040

3,920

3,920

3,920

3,920 

4,500

4 7dft

4,620 

5,370

5,900

5,630

5,500

5,500

7,630 

7,630

10,500 

9,520

8,550

7,180

5,900 

5,240 

5,110 

4,740

5,110

4,980

.......

.......

.......

Sept.

5,370

5,900

5,110

4,860

9,850

14,400 

20,800

18,900

13,000

9,190

6,750 

5,630

4

QAjl

4,500 

4,380

4,040

4,380

4,620

4,500

4,150 

3,920

3,800 

3,690

3,690

3,920

4,380 

4,150 

3,690 

3,470

3,580

.......

4,860

4,860
56 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY,, 1917, PART II.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Coosa River at Childersburg, Ala., for the years ending 

Sept. 30, 1915-1917 Continued.

Day.

1916-17. 

1. .............

2. .............

3..............

4..... ........

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

1 C

1Q

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28.,...;........

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

6,750

7,930

6,200

6,040

5,240

4,980

4,860

5,370

6,750

6,600

5,900

5,240

4,980

4,860

4,700

4,700

4,600

Nov.

4,700

5,110

6,460

6-, 460

5,630

5,110

4,860

.......

Dec.

6,200

6,000

5,900

5,630

5; 110

4,740

4,620

4,620

5,240

5,900

5,900

7,630

8,870

7,040

5,900

4,980

4,980

4,860

4,980

5,500

6,040

6,600

6,750

6,320

6,180

6,320

6,180

7,630

13,700

20,000

24,100

Jan.

23,200

21,200

18.500

16,200

14,800

17,000

18,500

17,000

15,100

13; 700

11,600

9,850

9,190

13,300

19,600

32,200

39,200

40 200

41.800

38,700

32,600

36,100

41,300

42,300

42,300

36,600

30,400

24/100

19,600

18,100

16,200

Feb.

19,600

OA QAA

38,100

40,200

30,800

21.200

16,200

14,400

13; 700

13,000

12,200

11,600

10,900

12,200

14. 4/V>

14,800

17,400

28,200

64,000

79,700

76.800

69,800

71,000

69,200

64,600

60,500

56,500

.......

Mar.

47 200

47,800

82,600 QA cnn

88,400

79. 100

75,000

70,000

68,100

66,900

64,600

57,100

35,600

21,600

19,600

23,200

23,700

30,800

46, 100

43,900

75.000

89,000

84,900

91,900

84, 300

76,200

73,900

72,700

Apr.

72,100

71,600

69,200

71,600

93,000

89,500

73,900

69,200

65,800

59,400

49,500

37,600

28,600

24,500

22,000

20,000

18,900

17,400

15,900

15,100

14,400

13,700

13,000

12,600

12,200

11,900

11,600

11,200

10,900

10,500

May.

10,200

9,850

9,850

10,200

10,200

11,600

13,000

12,600

10,900

9,850

9,190

8,870

8,550

8,240

7,930

7,630

7,630

7,330

7,330

7,330

7,330

7,040

6,900

6,750

6,750

6,750

6,750

6,750

6,750

6,750

6,750

June.

6,750

6,750

6,750

6,750

6,750

6,750

6,750

6,750

7,330

10,500

14,000

15,900

14,800

11,200

8,550

7,630

7,330

7,330

8,870

7,180

7,180

10,500

9,190

9,520

8,240

7,330

6,460

6,040

6,180

6,900

July.

7,630

6,750

5,900

5,630

5,370

5,370

5,240

5,240

6,180

7,630

6,600

5,370

5,110

5,240

4,980

4,860

5,900

6,750

5,500

7,330

14,400

17,400

13,000

10,900

10,900

12,200

10,500

10,200

9,190

8,870

8,240

Aug.

7,330

6,320

9,850

10,500

9,850

17,500

32,200

22,800

29,400

23,700

24,500

22,400

15,900

11,200

9,520

10,200

10,500

10,500

10,200

9,190

7,630

6,750

6,180

5,630

5,240

5,110

4,860

4,860

4,620

4,500

4,620

Sept.

4,740

6 040

6^600

8,870

9 ion

7,930

6,460

5,630

5,110

5,500

5,110

4,740

4,500

4,380

4,040

3,920

3,920

3,920

4,040

3,920

3,920

3,920

3,800

3,580

3,470

3,470

4,380

9,850

10,900

15, 100

NOTE. Water-stage recorder not operating satisfactorily Dec. 4 and 5,1914, Feb. 15-20, June 6 to July 3, 

and Dec. 26-28,1915, June 3, July 23 to Sept. 26, Sept. 29, 30, Oct. 8-21, 29-31, Nov. 1 and Nov. 8 to Dec. 2- 

1916, and Mar. 8-10,1917; discharge estimated by comparison with records of flow on Coosa River at River, 

side except June 6-30, 1915, July 23 to Sept. 26, Sept. 29, 30, and Nov. 8-30, 1916, for which no determinations were made.

Discharge Oct. 8-21,1916, estimated from records of flow at Riverside, as 3,800 second-feet. No determinations of discharge for period of high water July 9-19,1916, owing to lack of data for extending rating curve.

Monthly discharge of Coosa River at Childersburg, Ala., for the years ending Sept. SO,

1915-1917.

[Drainage area, 8,390 square miles.]

Month.

1914-15.

March .........................................

July...........................................

September. _ ................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

15, 900

6,040 

53,000 

45, 600 

61, 100 

29,900 

10,500 

37. 600 

6,750 

20,800 

10,500 

20,800

Minimum.

2,840 

2,940 

5,900 

14,400 

13,000 

9,190 

5,630 

5,110 

6,180 

3,920 

3,800 

3.470

Mean.

5,090 

3,880 

17,800 

24,000 

29,500 

15, 400 

7,450 

12,900 

6,460 

8,950 

5,370 

6,450

Per 

square 

mile.

0.607 

.462 

2.12 

2.86 

3.52 

1.84 

.888 

1.54 

.77 

1.07 

.640 

.769

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.70 

.52 

2.44 

3.30 

3.66 

2.12 

.99 

1.78 

.14 

1.23 

.74 

.86
MOBILE RIVER BASIN. 57

Monthly discharge of Coosa River at Childersburg, Ala., for the years ending Sept. 30,

1915-1917 Continued.

Month.

1915-16.

March .........................................

April..........................................

June.......................... ................

1916-17.

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

September.. ___ ............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

32,600 

13,700 

66,900 

63, 400 

57,600 

22,000 

15, 100 

22,800 

13,300

7,930

6,460 

21, 100 

42, 300 

79,700 

94,800 

93,000 

13,000 

15,900 

17,400 

32, 200 

15, 100

Minimum.

4,620 

4,620 

5,370 

13, 300 

10,200 

8,240 

6,460 

4,380 

6,180

4,700 

4.620 

9,190 

10,900 

19, 600 

10, 500 

6, 750 

6,040 

4,860 

4,500 

3,470

Mean.

14, 400 

7,290 

2,1, 600 

27,800 

22,800 

13,900 

9,340 

7,880 

8,820

4,800 

5,480 

7,240 

24,900 

36,000 

60,000 

36,900 

8,500 

8,410 

7,880 

11,700 

5,700

Per 

square 

mile.

1.72 

.869 

2.57 

3.31 

2.72 

1.66 

1.11 

.940 

1.05

.572 

.653 

.863 

2.97 

4.29 

7.15 

4.40 

1.01 

1.00 

.939 

1.40 

.679

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.98 

.97 

2.96 

3.82 

2.93 

1.91 

1.24 

1.05 

1.17

.66 

.17 

.99 

3.42 

4.47 

8.24 

4.91 

1.16 

1.12 

1.08 

1.61 

.76

ETOWAE RIVER NEAR ROUE, GA.

LOCATION. At Freemans Ferry, a railroad stop on Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis 

Railway branch line from Kingston to Rome, Ga., 1 mile downstream from mouth 

of Dikes Creek and 5 miles upstream from Rome, Floyd County, where Etowah 

and Oostanaula rivers unite to form Coosa River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,800 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 17, 1904, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Vertical staff in three sections on left bank, 250 feet downstream from ferry. 

Read by R. M. Pattillo.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from boat held in place by ferry cable. Measurements cannot be made at high water.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of rock, boulders and gravel; practically 

permanent. Banks subject to overflow at extremely high stages. A shoal 

immediately below gage forms control.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 23.5 feet at 

6 p. m. March 4 and 7 a. m. March 5 (discharge obtained from extension of rating 

curve, 39,100 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 1.75 feet at 7 a. m. and 

6 p. m. September 22-23 (discharge, 848 second-feet).

1904-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 27.0 feet at 12 p. m. July 11, 1916 (discharge, 45,400 second-feet; prior to 1909 high water rating was not denned and 

estimates based on an extension of the rating crave are considerably too large as 

shown by later measurements); minimum stage, 1.2 feet October 10 and 24, 1904 

(discharge, 360 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation nof affected by ice.

REGULATION. The operation of a few sawmills upstream apparently has no effect on 

flow.
58 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1&17, PART II.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. Rating curve well 

defined below 4,000 second-feet and extended tangent beyond that point. Gage 

read to half-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean 

daily gage height to rating table. - Records good below 4,000 second-feet; determinations above that point subject to error because of impossibility of obtaining 

flood discharge measurements.

No discharge measurements were made during the year.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Etowah River near Rome, GaS, for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1917.

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4.. ............

5..............

6..............

7.. ............

8.. ............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19

20..............

21. .............

22.......... 1...

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,920

1,480

1,300

1,300

1,250

1,140

1,090

1,040

1,040

1,040

990

990

942

895

895

2,060

1 7Qfl

1,660

1,480

1,300

1,200

1,090

990

990

942

2,960

Nov.

2,340

2,060

1,920

1,790

1,790

1,660

1,480

1,300

1,040

895

1,920

1,790

1,660

1,660

1,600

1,540

1,480

1,420

1,300

1,300

1, 250

1,250

1,200

1,200

1,660

2,060

Dec.

1,920

1,790

1,480

1,300

1,200

1,090

1,360

3,130

6,700

4,360

2,800

2,060

1,790

1,790

1,660

1,660

1,480

1 790

2,200

2,060

2,060

1 Q9rt

1,920

1,790

1,790

1,660

5,800

9,760

4,360

2,340

Jan.

2,200

2,060

2,060

1,920

3,640

3,470

3,300

2,960

2,490

2,200

2,060

2,200

3,300

7,960

12, 100

9,760

6,160

4,720

4,360

4,000

7,780

8,500

6,160

4,720

3,640

3,300

3

-lOrt

2,960

2,640

Feb.

9,760

15, 900

6,880

4,540

3,640

3,300

3,130

3,130

2,960

9 snn

2,640

2,640

2,340

3

onn

3,300

14,400

31,700

30,100

9,760

26,300

21, 300

6,150

4,720

Mar.

4,720

5,980

10,300

33,700

38,900

29,600

21, 600

19,700

15, 900

7,960

5,620

4,900

4,720

4,720

4,720

4.540

5, 080

4, 360

7,600

11,600

28,800

33,700

26,700

29 600

29,200

16,600

12,100

Apr.

8,680

6,160

5,080

5,620

20,000

22,900

14,300

8,680

7,060

6,700

6,340

5,800

5,440

5,080

4,900

4,720

4,360

4,360

4,360-

4,180

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

3,820

3,640

3,470

3,300

3,300

May.

3,130

2,960

2,800

3,470

4,360

4,000

4,000

3,820

3,820

3,640

3,470

3,300

2,960

2,800

2,640

2,640

2,640

2,490

2,340

2.340

2,340

2,200

2,640

2,340

2,340

2,640

4,900

4,360

2,960

June.

4,360

2,960

2,960

2,800

2,640

2,640

2,640

2,640

2,640

3,640

3,640

3,300

3,130

2,960

2,800

2,640

2,490

2,340

3,300

3,130

2,960

2,800

2,800

2,640

2,490

2,340

2,060

2,340

2,060

1,920

July.

1,790

1,660

1, 540

1,540

1,420

2,490

2,340

2,340

2,060

2,060

1,920

1,790

1,790

2,960

2, 490

1,790

1,250

1,040

12,100

7,600

4,540

2,960

2,340

2,340

2,200

2,060

2,200

1,920

1,600

1,420

Aug.

1,360

1,300

4,180

2,640

1,920

1,600

2,960

8,500

17.000

7,960

3,130

1,920

1.600

1,540

1,480

1,480

1,420

1,420

1,360

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,250

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,090

1,090

1,040

990

Sept.

5,800

5,080

4,180

3,640

3,470

3,300

3,300

3,130

2,960

2,640

2,200

1,790

1,420

1,140

1,090

1,040

990

942

942

895

895

848

848

1,660

4,360

3,640

2,490

11,200

15,200

6,340

Monthly discharge of Etowah River near Rome, Ga., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1917. 

[Drainage area, 1,800 square miles.]

Month.

March ..................................... .

July...........................................

The year .......................... .

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,960 

2,340 

9,760 

12,100 

31,700 

38,900 

22,900 

4,900 

4,360 

12, 100 

17,000 

15,200

38,900

Minimum.

895 

895 

1,090 

1,920 

2,340 

4,000 

' 3,300 

2,200 

1,920 

1,040 

990 

848

848

Mean.

1,300 

1,560 

2,520 

4,410 

8,920 

14,900 

6,430 

3,090 

2,800 

2,580 

2,540 

3,250

4,500

Per 

square 

mile.

0.722 

.867 

1.40 

2.45 

4.96 

8.28 

3.57 

1.72 

1.56 

1.43 

1.41 

1.81

2.50

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.83 

.97 

1.61 

2.82 

5.16 

9.55 

3.98 

1.98 

1.74 

1.65 

1.63 

2.02

33.94
MOBILE EIVES BASIF. 59 

TALLAPOOSA BIVEB. AT STTTRDEVANT, ALA.

LOCATION. At bridge of Central of Georgia Railway one-fourth mile west of Sturdevant, Tallapoosa County, and 5 miles below mouth of Hillabee Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,460 square miles (2,500 square miles used in computing table of 

monthly means published in Water Supply Papers 322 and 352 for years 1912. 

and 1913).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 19, 1900, to September 30, 1917.

GAGE. Vertical staff on right bank, about 2,000 feet upstream from bridge; installed 

August 20, 1906; read by A. L. Stowe. Original staff, a gage attached to pier of 

railroad bridge, was read until July 10,1905, when the present gage was substituted 

for the chain gage because it was impossible to obtain an observer for the chain 

gage. From August 21,1906, to September 30,1915, readings on the present staff 

gage were reduced to datum of original gage by means of comparative readings; 

since October 1, 1915, gage heights have been obtained from readings on the 

present staff gage without reference to datum of old gage, which has been removed.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a plank walk resting on lower members of 

deck of railroad bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed rough and rocky; permanent. At extreme high stage 

water overflows banks. -Control is a series of rock ledges and shoals below gage; 

permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 22.3 feet at 6.30 

a. m. August 7 (discharge, 57,600 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 0.7 foot 

at 5 p. m. October 17 (discharge, 860 second-feet). ' 

1900-1917: Maximum stage recorded, 22.5 feet at 5 p. m. December 29, 1915 

(discharge, 58,200 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.2 foot (old datum) October 

25-29, 1904 (discharge, 250 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Practically none.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined between 

500 and 20,000 second-feet; extended above that point. Gage read to hundredths 

twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height 

to rating table. Records good.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year, but measurements made in 1918 indicate that there has been no change in stage-discharge relation.
60 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tallapoosa River at Sturdevant, Ala., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1917.

Day.

3..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8.. ............

9.............. 10..............

11..............

19

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17.............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

99

23..............

24..............

25».. ..........

9fi

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2 ann

1,670

1,290

1,110

1 080

L040

1,040

1,010

1,010

980

980

980

950

QKA

890

OAft

1,180

4,390

2,520

1,860

1 4Qft

1,290

1,220

1,180

1,140

1,140

1,110

1,140

1,110

Nov.

1,080

1,140

1,110

1,080

1 040

1,040

1,080

1,080

1 140

1,180

1 9^ft

1,220

i oon

1 O^ft

1,220

1,180

1,140

1 140

1,140

1,140

1,670

2,400

2,280

1,580

1 4QA

1,760

2,780

2 7ftft

Dec.

2 400

1,760

1,580

1,490

1,410

1,370

1,410

2,170

2 98ft

2,170

1 960

l'760

1,580

1,490

1 4Qft

1 4Qn

1,680

2 flfift

1 ftftft

1,670

1 490

1,410

3,530

10,900

7 °.fift

4,580

Jan.

3,060

3,530

3,860

A QAA

4,030

3

n«A

2,520

2,280

9 nftft

1,860

S AfiA

7

Q£rt

i c QAft

i ^ °.nft

A QAA

6 fi4ft

7 600

S Qfift

5,150

4,770

6,880

7,840

8 cnn

5,150

6 1 %f\

4,390

4,770

7,120

4,770

Feb.

6,180

9 840

7* ^fift

5,150

3,530

3 210

3,060

3,060

2 Q9ft

2

7QA

2 7Qfl

2

CCA

2

7QA

3 01 ft

3,060

4,770

7 Q4ft

20,100

10,400

13,000

IQ OAA

11,700

6,180

4,030

Mar.

4,770

18,000

41,100

27 000

91 Qflft

7,840

6; 640

5 Qfifl

6 OCA

E 1 Kf\

4,960

A OOfi

4,390

4,580

4 960

4,210

7 °.fifl

20,700

17,100

25,500

91 ^Art

27,600

8,320

Apr.

6,640

7,360

7 Q4fl

32 700

Qft' Rfin

27 300

20' 400

16,200

13,600

10,100

8,080

7,120

6,880

8 080

6^400

5 l>!ft

4 960

4*770

4,770

4,580

4,770

4,580

4,210

4,030

3,860

^ afift

3,690

3,530

3,530

3,370

May.

3 (VIA

3 9in

3,210

4,580

4,030

4,030

4,030

3,530

3,210

3,060

2,920

2 7ftft

2,650

2,520

2,520

2,400

2,280

2 280

2,170

3,370

2,400

2,280

2,280

2,170

3,530

2,780

2,650

2,400

June.

2 650

3 ' 91ft

2 Q9TI

2 400

2,170

1 960

1,490

2 ftfift

4,030

3,370

2 7ftft

2,520

1,860

2,400

1,670

1,580

1,860

1 iQft

1,490

2 ftfift

1 960

1,580

1 4Qfi

1,580

1,760

1,490

1,960

2,920

July.

2

OOfl

2,060

2,650

4 580

3 eon

1 960

1,860

1,670

1,760

1,580

1,410

1,760

1,330

1,490

4,960

4,030

4,580

4,580

5,960

3,690

2,920

4,390

2,780

3,690

2,400

2,400

2,280

1,760

Aug.

1,490

1,670

1,490

2 780

2' 7ftft

91 onfi

21,900

14,200

10 OAA

8,080

S fion

4 030

3,370

2,650

2,280

3 Q7ft

3,860

2,520

3,690

2,170

1,960

2,920

2,060

1,670

1,490

1,410

1,370

1,410

1,330

1,860

Sept.

2,170

2,280

11,400

1 9 ttf\(\

5,150

2 l7n

1.860

1,760

1,670

4,390

3,690

2,170

2,060

1,860

1 4Qfl

1,290

1,250

1,140

1,040

1,080

1,040

980

980

1,180

1,670

7,360

6,180

18,600

20,700

16,200

Monthly discharge of Tallapoosa River at Sturdevant, Ala., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1917.

[Drainage area, 2,460 square miles.]

Month.

December .....................................

March ......................... ... . .

April.......................... ........... .

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

4,390 

2,780 

10, 900 

15,900 

20,100 

44,100 

32,700 

4,580 

4,030 

5,960 

51,600 

20,700

51,600

Minimum.

860 

1,040 

1,370 

1,860 

2,520 

4,210 

3,370 

2,170 

1,490 

1,330 

1,330 

980

860

Mean.

1,330 

1,390 

2,340 

5,680 

6,860 

14, 300 

9,100 

2,920 

2,170 

2,780 

6,140 

4,580

4,960

Per

square 

mile.

0.541 

.565 

.951 

2.31 

2.79 

5.81 

3.70 

1.19 

.882 

1.13 

2.50 

1.86

2.02

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.62 

.63 

1.10 

2.66 

2.90 

6.70 

4.13 

1.37 

.98 

1.30 

2.88 

2.08

27.35
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II. 

MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS.

61

Miscellaneous discharge measurements in south Atlantic and eastern Gulf of Mexico 

drainage basins during the year ending Sept. 30, 1917.

Streams draining into the south Atlantic.

Date.

Oct. 8

Nov. 5

Mar. 24

25

25

Apr. 4

5

6

July 23

25

Feb. 27

27

Stream.

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Tributary to 

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

Locality.

Mathis, Ga. 

.....do..................

Co.'s dam at Tallulah 

Falls, Ga. 

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Soperton Road, threefourths mile from Norristown, Ga.

west of Macon, Ga.

"spring at Carmichael's 

boat landing near Silver Spring, Fla.

forming Silver Spring 

River at Silver Spring, 

Fla.

Gage 

height.

Feet. 0\\

.91

8.64

5.11

5.11

2.41

2.47

4.60

1.56

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

217

4,460

01,490

ol,490

olSO

o!65

ol,270

all

241

44

C74

342

Streams draining into eastern Gulf of Mexico.

Oct. 20 

May 24

Sept. 19

30

Feb. 13

19

18

19

21

21

23

24

25

Chattahoochee River.. 

North Fork of Peachtree Creek.

.....do.................

.....do.................

Apalachicola River. . .

.....do................

.....do................

Pace's Ferry bridge, 1 

mile northeast of Vinings, Ga.

viile Road near Chamblee, Ga.

near Cartecay, Ga.

near Ellijay, Ga. 

.....do..................

downstream from Wakulla Spring and 5 

miles from Wakulla, 

Fla.

way bridge, about 2 

miles east of Hildreth, 

Fla.

near Fort White, Fla.

3 miles from High 

Springs, Fla.

the spring and 15 miles 

south of Bronson, Fla.

east of Dunellon, Fla.

and 12 miles west of 

Brooksville, Fla.

Tampa, Fla.

miles southeast of Bartow, Fla.

6.02

.25

.92

.91

3,930 

17.4

237

90

92 

326

342

44.4

86

65

738

145

35.5

21.3

a Discharge represents the waste over the dam and does not include the water diverted to the power 

house of the Georgia Railway & Power Co.
INDEX.

Accuracy of data, degrees of................. 8

Acre-foot, definition of....................... 6

Albany, Ga., Flint River at................. 45-46

Altamaha River basin, gaging-station 

records in..................... 31-35,61

Apalachicola River basin, gaging-station

records in..................... S&-47,61

Appropriations, record of.................... 5

Authorization of work....................... 5

Bartow, Fla., Kissinger Spring near......... 61

Beck, Ala., Conecuh River at................ 47-50

Blue Spring Creek near Dunellon, Fla....... 61

Bronson, Fla., Wekiva Spring near.......... 61

Buchanan, Va., James River at.............. 9-11

Cartecay River near Cartecay, Ga........... 61

near Ellijay, Ga......................... 61

Catawba River at Rhodhiss, N. C........... 20-21

Chamblee, Ga., North Fork of Peach Tree

Creek near.......................... 61

Chattahoochee River at West Point, Ga..... 39-40

near Gainesville, Ga..................... 36

near Norcross, Ga....................... 37-38

near Vinings, Ga........................ 61

Chattooga River near Tallulah Falls, Ga..... 24-25

Chestatee River at New Bridge, Ga.......... 41

Childersburg, Ala., Coosa River at........... 54-57

Computation, accuracy of results of.......... 8-9

Conecuh River at Beck, Ala................. 47-50

Control, definition of........................ 6

Cooperation, record of....................... 9

Coosa River at Childersburg, Ala............ 54-57

at Riverside, Ala........................ 53

Culloden, Ga., Flint River near.............. 43-44

Current meter, Price, plate showing......... ft

Data, accuracy of............................ 8-9

explanation of........................... 7-8

Definition of terms.......................... 6

Donnaha, N. C., Yadkin River at........... 16-17

Dunellon, Fla., Blue Spring Creek near...... 61

Edisto River basin, gaging-station records in. 21-23 

Ellijay, Ga., Cartecay River near............ 61

Escambia River basin, gaging-station records

in............................... 47-50

Etowah River near Rome, Ga............... 57-58

Flint River at Albany, Ga ................. 45-46

near Culloden, Ga....................... 43-44

near Woodbury, Ga..................... 42-43

Four Hole Creek near RidgevUle, S. C....... 21-23

Friez water-stage recorder, plate Showing.... 7

Gaging station, typical, plate showing....... 6

Gainesville, Ga., Chattahoochee River near.. 36

Greensboro, Ga., Oconee River near......... 32-34

Gurley printing water-stage recorder, plate

showing......................... 7

Hall, Warren E., work of.................... 9

High Springs, Fla., Poe Spring near......... 61

Hildreth, Fla., Ichatueknee River near...... 61

Ichatucknee River near Hildreth, Fla. 61

James River at Buehanan, Va............... 9-11

at Cartersville, Va....................... 11-13

Juliette, Ga., Ocmulgee River at............. 31-32

Kissinger Spring near Bartow, Fla. 61

Lakemont, Ga., Tallulah River near......... 27-28

Tiger Creek at........................... 29-30

Little Potato Creek near Yatesville, Ga...... 46-47

Macon, Ga., Tobesofkee Creek near.......... 61

Mathis, Ga., Tallulah River at............... 61

Mobile River basin, gaging station records in. 51-60

New Bridge, Ga., Chestatee River at........ 41

Norristown, Ga., Ohoopee Creek near........ 61

Ocmulgee River at Juliette, Ga.............. 31-32

Oconee River at Fraleys Ferry, Ga.......... 34-35

near Greensboro, Ga..................... 32-34

Ohoopee Creek near Norristown, Ga......... 61

Old Gaston, N. C., Roanoke River at........ 15-16

Oostanaula River at Resaea, Ga............. 51-52

Paulsen, C. G., work of...................... 9

Peach Tree Creek, North Fork of, near

Chamblee, Ga................... 61

Peedee River basin, gaging-station records in. 16-19 

Personnel, record of......................... 9

Poe Spring near High Springs, Fla.......... 61

Price current meter, plate showing.......... 6

i, Ga., Oostanaula River at............ 51-52

Rhodhiss, N. C., Catawba River at.......... 20-21

Ridgeville, S. C., Four Hole Creek near...... 21-23

Riverside, Ala., Coosa River at.............. 53

Roanoke River at Old Gaston, N. C......... 15-16

at Roanoke, Va.......................... 13-14

Rome, Ga., Etowah River near.............. 57-58

Run-off (depth in inches), definition of...... 6

63
64 INDEX.

Salisbury, N. C., Yadkin River near......... 18-19

Santee River basin, gaging-station records in. 20-21 

Savannah River basin, gaging-station records

in............................ 24-30,61

Second-foot, definition of.................... 6

Second-foot per square mile, definition of .. 6 

Seed, Ga., Tallulah River near.............. 25-27

Silver Spring at Silver Spring, Fla........... 61

Stage-discharge relation, definition of........ 6

Stevens, G. C., work of...................... 9

Stevens continuous water-stage recorder,

plate showing................... 7

Sturdevant, Ala., Tallapoosa River at....... 59-60

Sulphur Spring near Tampa, Fla............ 61

Tallapoosa River at Sturdevant, Ala........ 59-60

Tallulah Falls, Ga., Chattooga River near ... 24-25 

Tallulah River at Mathis, Ga................ 61

at Tallulah Falls, Ga.................... 61

near Lakemont, Ga....................... 27-28

near Seed, Ga........................... 25-27

Tampa, Fla., Sulphur Spring near. .......... 61

Terms, definitions of......................... 6

Tiger Creek at Lakemont, Ga... ............. 29-30

Tobesofkee Creek near Macon, Ga ........... 61

Tobler Creek. See Little Potato Creek.

Vinings, Ga., Chattahoochee River near ..... 61

Wakulla Spring near Wakulla, Fla .......... 61

Water-stage recorders, plate showing ........ 7

Weekiwachee Spring near Brooksville, Fla. -. 61

Wekiva Spring near Bronson, Fla ........... 61

Woodbury, Ga., Flint River near. ........... 42-43

Work, authorization of ...................... 5

division of ............................... 9

. scope of.. ................................ 5-6

Yadkin River at Donnaha, N. C. ............ 16-17

near Salisbury, N. C. .................... 18-19

Yatesville, Ga., Little Potato Creek near. . . . 4&-47

Zero flow, definition of.
STEEAM-GAGIM STATIONS

AND

PUBLICATIONS EELATING TO WATEE EESOUECES

PART II. SOUTH ATLANTIC SLOPE AND EASTERN 

GULP OF MEXICO BASINS '

112129° 20 WSP 452 5
STREAM-GAGING STATIONS 

RELATING TO WATER

AND PUBLICATIONS

RESOURCES.

INTRODUCTION.

Investigation of water resources by the United States Geologicid 

Survey has consisted in large part of measurements of the volume 

of flow of streams and studies of the conditions affecting that flow, 

but it has comprised also investigation of such closely allied subjects 

as irrigation, water storage, water powers, ground waters, and 

quality of waters. Most of the results of these investigations have 

been published in the series of water-supply papers, but some have 

appeared in the bulletins, professional papers, monographs, and 

annual reports.

The results of stream-flow measurements are now published annually in 12 parts, each part covering an area whose boundaries 

coincide with natural drainage features as indicated below:

PART I. North Atlantic slope basins.

II. South Atlantic slope and eastern Gulf of Miexico basins.

III. Ohio River basin.

IV. St. Lawrence River basin.

V. Upper Mississippi River and Hudson Bay] basins. 

VI. Missouri River basin. 

VII. Lower Mississippi River basin. 

VIII. Western Gulf of Mexico basins.

IX. Colorado River basin.

X. Great Basin.

XI. Pacific slope basins in California. 

XII. North Pacific slope basins, in three volujnes:

A. Pacific slope basins in Washington1 and upper Columbia River basin.

B. Snake River basin.

C. Lower Columbia River basin and Pacific slope basins in Oregon.

HOW GOVERNMENT REPORTS MAY BE (^STAINED OR CONSULTED.

Water-supply papers and other publications of the United States 

Geological Survey containing data in regard to the water resources 

of the United States may be obtained or consulted as indicated below.

1. Copies may be obtained free of charge by applying to the Director of the Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. The edition printed 

for free distribution is, however, small and is soon exhausted.

2. Copies may be purchased at nominal cost from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, 

D. C., who will on application furnish lists giving prices.

in
IV SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

3. Sets of the reports may be consulted in the libraries of the principal cities in the United States.

4. Complete sets are available for consultation in the local offices 

of the water-resources branch of the Geological Survey as follows:

Boston, Mass., 2500 Customhouse.

Albany, N. Y., 704 Journal Building.

Atlanta, Ga., Post Office Building.

Madison, Wis., Capitol Building, c/o Railroad Commission of Wisconsin.

Helena, Mont., Montana National Bank Building.

Topeka, Kans., 23 Federal Building.

Austin, Tex., Capitol Building.

Denver, Colo., 403 New Post Office Building.

Salt Lake City, Utah, 313 Federal Building.

Boise, Idaho, 615 Idaho Building.

Tucson, Ariz., University of Arizona.

Portland, Oreg., 606 Post Office Building.

Tacoma, Wash., 406 Federal Building.

San Francisco, Calif., 328 Customhouse.

Los Angeles, Calif., 619 Federal Building.

Honolulu, Hawaii, 14 Capitol Building.

A list of the Geological Survey's publications may be obtained by 

applying to the Director of the United States Geological Survey, 

Washington, D. C.

STREAM-PLOW REPORTS.

Stream-flow records have been obtained at more than 4,240 points 

in the United States, and the data obtained have been published in 

the reports tabulated below:

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey. 

[A= Annual Report; B= Bulletin; W= Water-Supply Paper.]

Report.

10th A, pt. 2. ........ ..

llthA, pt. 2...........

12th A, pt. 2..... ......

13thA, pt. 3.... ....... 

14th A, pt.2. ..........

B131.. .................

16th A, pt.2. ..........

B 140.. .................

Wll...................

W15............ .......

W16...................

19th A, pt. 4...........

W27...... .............

Character of data.

.... do... .......................................................

Mean discharge in second-feet ..................................

Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, ratings, and monthly

Descriptions, measurements, ratings, and monthly discharge 

(also similar data for some earlier years). 

Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights, eastern United 

States, eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River above

Descriptions measurements, and gage heights, western Mississippi River below junction of Missouri and Platte, and 

western United States. 

Descriptions, measurements, ratings, and monthly discharge 

(also some long-time records). 

Measurements, ratings, and gage heights, eastern United States, 

eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River.

Year.

1884 to Sept., 

1890. 

1884 to June 30, 

1891. 

1884 to Dec. 31, 

1892. 

1888 to Dec. 31, 

1893. 

1893 and 1894.

1895.

1896. 

1895 and 1896.

1897. 

1897.

1897. 

1898.
STREAM-GAGING STATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS. V

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey Continued.

'Report.

W28... ................

20th A, pt. 4. .........

W35 to 39.. ............

21st A, pt. 4. ..........

W47to52.. ...........

22d A. pt.4. ......... .-

W65, 66.. ..............

W 75. ..................

W82to 85.... ..........

W97tolOO............

Wl24to 135... .........

W165to 178... .........

W 201 to 214.. ..........

W241to252.... ........

W261to272 .........

W281to292..... .......

W301to312. ..........

W321to332. ..........

W 351 to362.. ..........

W381to394............

W 401 to 414..... ......

W 431 to444.. ..........

W451 to 464.... ........

Character of data.

western United States.

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do ..................................................... -

.....do..........................................................

.....do.... ......................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

Year.

1898.

1898.

1899.

1899.

1900.

1900.

1901.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

1905.

1906.

1907-8.

1909.

1910.

1911.

1912.

1913.

1914.

1915.

1916.

1917.

NOTE No data regarding stream flow are given in the 15th and 17th annual reports.

The records at most of the stations discussed in these reports 

extend over a series of years, and miscellaneous measurements at 

many points other than regular gaging stations have been made 

each year. An index of the reports containing records obtamed 

prior to 1904 has been published in Water-Supply Paper 119.

The following table gives, by years and drainage basins, the numbers of the papers on surface-water supply published from 1899 to 

1917. The data for any particular station will in general be found 

in the reports covering the years during which the station was maintained. For example, data for Machias River at Whitneyville, Me., 

1903 to 1917, are published in Water-Supply Papers 97, 124, 165, 

201, 241, 261, 281, 301, 321, 351, 381, 401, 431, and 451, which contain records for the New England streams from 1903 to 1917. Results 

of miscellaneous measurements are published by drainage basins.

In these papers and in the following lists the stations are arranged 

in downstream order. The main stem of any river is determined 

by measuring or estimating its drainage area that is, the headwater 

stream having the largest drainage area is considered the continuation of the main stream, and local changes in name and lake surface 

are disregarded. All stations from the source to the mouth of the 

main stem of the river are presented first, and the tributaries in 

regular order from source to mouth follow, the streams in each 

tributary basin being listed before those of the next basin below.

In exception to this rule the records for Mississippi River are 

given in four parts, as indicated on page in, and the records for large 

lakes are presented in order of streams around the rim of the lake.
Numbers of water-supply papers containing results of stream m

Year.

1899 «....

1900 9 . . . .

1901......

1902

1903

1904

1905

1906

1907-8... .

1909

1910

1911

1912

1913

1914

1915

1916

3917

I

North 

Atlantic 

slope 

basins 

(St. John 

River to 

York 

River).

35

47; » 48

65,75

89O£i

97

» 124,0 125,

P126

» 165, o 166,

P167

» 201, o 202,

P203

241

261

9S1 ZO-L

301

321

351

381

401

431

451

II

South 

Atlantic

slope and 

eastern 

Gulf of 

Mexico 

basins 

(James 

River 

to the

Mississsippi).

635,36

48

 65, 75

h ft9 OP. U O4j OO

h Q7 QS v v i } yo

P 126, 127

P 167, 168

P 203 204 3

242

9R9 jiU-rfi

282

302

322

352

009

OOA

402

432

452

III

Ohio 

River 

basin.

36

48, * 49

65.75

eo

oo

QO

«7O

1 9fi J-^o

169

205

243

263

OQQ

ZoO

303

323

353

000 

050

403

433

453

17

St. 

Lawrence 

River 

basin.

36

49

65, 75

7 QO QQ * oA oo

97

129

170

206

244

264

284

Orvi 

OUT:

324

354

PC,* OO1!

4H4 r±U1

434

454

V

Hudson 

Bay and 

upper 

Mississippi 

River 

basins.

36

49

* 65, 66, 75

le Q9. Q 6! « oOj oO

A 98,99,^100

fc 1 Ofi 1 OA

* l^o, loU

171

207

245

265

285

One 

OUO

OOK

oZu

355

00 C OoO

405

435

455

VI

Missouri 

River 

basin.

c36,37

49, j 50

66,75

QA

o^t

99

130, <7 131

1 79 1 /ji

208

246

266

OCC 

^OO

306

326

Ok Cft 

OOO

386

4nfi r±uo

436

456

VII

Lower 

Mississippi 

River 

basin.

37

50

* 65, 66, 75

k sq SM oo, o^ 

k QS QQ yo, yy 

^ 128 131

'

k JTQ J73 '

* 205, 209

247

267

9S7 ZOl

307

0.97

Oji/

O.K7 

OO/

007

OO*

407

437

457

VIII

Western 

Gulf of 

Mexico 

basins.

37

50

66,75

QA

o^t

99

132

174

210

248

OftQ .ZOo

OQO

zoo

QAO

oljo

090 

oZo

OKQ 

OOo

OQQ

ooo

408

438

458

IX

Colo

Ki

ba

d3

6

175, 

a Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 35-39 contained in Water Supply 

Paper 39. Tables of monthly discharge for 1899 in Twenty-first Annual Report, Part IV.

6 James River only.

c Gallatin River.

^ Green and Gunnison rivers and Grand River above junction with Gunnison.

« Mohave River only.

/ Kings and Kern rivers and south Pacific slope basins.

S Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 47-52 and data on precipitation, 

wells, and irrigation in California and Utah contained in Water-Supply Paper 52. Tables 

of monthly discharge lor 1900 in Twenty-second Annual Report, Part IV.

ft Wissahickon and Sphuylkill rivers to James River.

* Scioto River.

/ Loup and Platte riv

Platte.

* Tributaries of Missi

l Lake Ontario and tr

"» Hudson Bay only. 

n New England Rive

o Hudson River to D

P Susquehanna River 

5 Platte and Kansas r

r Great Basin in Calif

* Below junction with 

t Rogue, Umpqua, an
GAGING STATIONS. ' VII 

PRINCIPAL STREAMS.

The south Atlantic slope and eastern Gulf of Mexico drainage 

basins include streams flowing into the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of 

Mexico from York River Va., to Pearl River, Miss., inclusive. The 

principal streams in this division are James, Roanoke, Cape Fear, 

Yadkin, Santee, Savannah, Altamaha, Apalachicola, Chotawhatchee, 

Mobile, and Pearl. The streams drain wholly or in part the States 

of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South 

Carolina, and Virginia.

In addition to the annotated list of publications relating specifically to the section, these pages contain a similar list of reports that 

are of general interest in many sections and cover a wide range of 

hydrologic subjects, and also brief references to reports published by 

State and other organizations. (See p.

GAGING STATIONS.

NOTE. Dash after a date indicates that station was being maintained September 

30, 1917; period after a date indicates discontinuance. Tributaries are indicated 

by indention.

JAMES RIVER BASIN.

Jackson River (head of James) at Covington, Va., 1907-8. 

James River at Buchanan, Va., 1895- 

James River at Holcomb Rock, Va., 1900-1915. 

James River at Cartersville, Va., 1899-

Cowpasture River near Clifton Forge, Va., 1907-8.

North River near Glasgow, Va., 1895-1905.

Appomattox River at Mattoax, Va., 1900-1905.

ROANOKE RIVER BASIN.

Roanoke River at Roanoke, Va., 1896-

Roanoke River at Randolph, Va., 1900-1906.

Roanoke River above Dan River, at Clarksville, Va., 1895-1898.

Roanoke River at Old Gaston, N. C., 1911-

Roanoke River near Weldon, N. C., 1912.

Roanoke River at Neal, N. C., 1896-1903.

Tinker Creek -at Roanoke, Va., 1907-8.

Back Creek near Roanoke, Va., 1907-8.

Dan River at Madison, N. C., 1903-1908.

Dan River at South Boston, Va., 1900-1907.

Dan River at Clarksville, Va., 1895-1898. 

Banister River at Houston, Va., 1904-5.

TAR RIVER BASIN.

Tar River near Tarboro, N. C., 1896-1900.

NEUSE RIVER BASIN.

Neuse River near Selma, N. C., 1896-1900.
VIII SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

CAPE FEAR RIVER BASIN.

Haw River (head of Cape Fear River) near Moncure, N. C., 1898-9. 

Cape Fear River near Fayetteville, N. C., 1889-1903.

Deep River near Cumnock, N. C., 1900-1902.

Deep River near Moncure, N. C., 1898-9.

Rockfish Creek near Brunt, N. C., 1902-3.

YADKIN (OR PEEDEE) RIVER BASIN.

Yadkin River (head of Peedee River) at North Wilkesboro, N. C., 1903-1909.

Yadkin River at Siloam, N. C., 1900-1901.

Yadkin River at Donnaha, N. C., 1913-

Yadkin River near Salisbury, N. C., 1895-1909; 1911-

Yadkin River near Norwood, N. C., 1896-1899.

Yadkin River near Peedee, N. C., 1906-1912.

Peedee River at Cheraw, S. C., 1909-1912.

SANTEE RIVER BASIN.

Catawba River (head of Santee River) at Old Fort, N. C., 1907.

Catawba River near Morganton, N. C., 1900; 1903-1909.

Catawba River at Rhodhiss, N. C., 1917-

Catawba River at Catawba, N. C., 1896-1902.

Catawba River near Rock Hill, S. C., 1895-1903.

Catawba River.near Catawba, S. C., 1903-1905.

Wateree River (lower part of Catawba) near Camden, S. C., 1903-1910.

Mill Creek at Old Port, N. C., 1907.

Linville River at Fonta Flora, N. C., 1907-8.

Linyille River near Bridgewater, N. C., 1900.

John River at Collettsville, N. C., 1907.

John River near Morganton, N. C., 1900-1901.

Broad River (of the Carolinas), head of Congaree River, at Uree, N. C., 1907-1909.

Broad River (of the Carolinas) at Dellinger, S. C., 1900-1901.

Broad River (of the Carolinas) near Gaffney, S. C., 1896-1899.

Broad River (of the Carolinas) at Alston, S. C., 1896-1907. 

Green River near Saluda, N. C., 1907-1909. 

Second Broad River near Logans Store, N. C., 1907-8. 

Saluda River near Waterloo, S. C., 1896-1905. 

Saluda River near Ninety Six, S. C., 1905.

EDISTO RIVER BASIN.

Four Hole Creek near Ridgeville, S. C., 1914-1917.

SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN.

Chattooga River (head of Savannah River) near Clayton, Ga., 1907-8.

Chattooga River near Tallulah Falls, Ga., 1917-

Tugaloo River (continuation of Chattooga River (near Toccoa, Ga., 1907-8.

Tugaloo River near Madison, S. C., 1898-1901; 1903-1910.

Savannah River near Calhoun Falls, S. C., 1896-1903.

Savannah River at Woodlawn, S. C., 1905-1910.

Savannah River at Augusta, Ga., 1899-1906.

Stekoa Creek near Clayton, Ga., 1907-8.

Tallulah River near Seed, Ga., 1916-

Tallulah River near Lakemont, Ga., 1916-

Tallulah River at Mathis, Ga., 1912-1916.

Tallulah River at Tallulah Falls, Ga., 1900-1901; 1904-1912. 

Tiger Creek at Lakemont, Ga., 1916-
GAGHTO STATIONS. IX

Savannah River tributaries Continued. 

Chauga River near Madison, S. C., 1907. 

Seneca River near Clemson College, S. C., 1903-1905. 

Broad River (of Georgia) near Carlton, Ga., 1897-1913.

OGEECHEE RIVER BASIN.

Ogeechee River near Millen, Ga., 1903.

Williamsons Swamp Creek near Davisboro, Ga., 1903-4 

Canoochee River near Graveland, Ga., 1903-1907.

ALTAMAHA RIVER BASIN.

South River (head of Ocmulgee River, which is head of Altamaha River) near

Lithonia, Ga., 1903-4.

Ocmulgee River near Jackson, Ga., 1906-1915. 

Ocmulgee River near Floville, Ga., 1901-1905. 

Ocmulgee River at Juliette, Ga., 1916- 

Ocmulgee River at Macon, Ga., 1893-1913.

Yellow River at Almon, Ga., 1897; 1899-1901.

Alcovy River near Covington, Ga., 1901-1904.

Alcovy River near Stewart, Ga., 1905-6.

Towaliga River near Juliette, Ga., 1899-1901.

Oconee River at Barnett Shoals, near Watkinsville, Ga., 1902.

Oconee River near Greensboro, Ga., 1903-

Oconee River at Carey, Ga., 1896-1898.

Oconee River at Fraleys Ferry, near Milledgeville, Ga., 1906-1908; 1909-

Oconee River at Milledgeville, Ga., 1903-1905.

Oconee'River at Dublin, Ga., 1894-1913.

Middle Oconee River near Athens, Ga., 1901-2. 

Apalachee River near Buckhead, Ga., 1901-1908.

Ohoopee River near J^eidsville, Ga., 1903-1907.

ST. JOHNS RIVER BASIN.

Silver Spring near Silver Springs, Fla., 1906-7.

FLORIDA EVERGLADES DRAINAGE CANALS.

North New River canal near Fort Lauderdale, Fla., 1913. 

North New River canal near Rita, Fla., 1913. 

South New River canal near Zona, Fla., 1913. 

South New River canal near Rita, Fla., 1913» 

Miami canal near Miami, Fla., 1913.

STJWANNEE RIVER BASIN.

Suwannee River near White Springs, Fla., 1906-1908.

APALACHICOLA RIVER BASIN.

Chattahoochee River (head of ApalacMcola River) near Ariel, Ga., 1907-1909.

Chattahoochee River near Leaf, Ga., 1907.

Chattahoochee River near Gainsville, Ga., 1901-1903; 1917-

Chattahoochee River near Buford, Ga., 1901.

Chattahoochee River near Norcross, Ga., 1903-

Chattahoochee River at Oakdale, Ga., 1895-1904.

Chattahoochee River at West Point, Ga., 1896-1910; 1912-
X SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

Chattahoochee River at Columbus, Ga., 1912. 

Chattahoochee River at Alaga, Ala., 1908-1912. 

Soque River near Demorest, Ga., 1904-1909. 

Chestatee River at New Bridge, Ga., 1917- 

Sweetwater Creek near Austell, Ga., 1904-5; 1913. 

Flint River near Molina, Ga., 1897-98. 

Flint River near Woodbury, Ga., 1900- 

Flint River near Musella, Ga., 1907. 

Flint River near Culloden, Ga., 1911- 

Flint River near Montezuma, Ga., 1905-1909; 1911-12. 

Flint River at Albany, Ga., 1902- 

Flint River at Bainbridge, Ga., 1908-1913.

Little Potato (Tobler) Creek near Yatesville, Ga., 1914-

Kinchafoonee Creek near Leesburg, Ga., 1905-1909.

Kinchafoonee Creek near Albany, Ga., 1903. 

Muckalee Creek near Albany, Ga., 1903.

Ichawaynochaway Creek at Milford, Ga., 1905-1907. 

Chipola River at Altha, Fla., 1912-13.

CHOCTAWHATCHEE RIVER BASIN.

Choctawhatchee River near Newton, Ala., 1906-1908; 1911-12. 

Choctawhatchee River near Geneva, Ala., 1904.

Double Bridges Creek at Geneva, Ala., 1904.

Pea River at Pera, Ala., 1904-1913.

Pea River at Elba, Ala., 1906.

ESCAMBIA RIVER BASIN.

Conecuh River at Beck, Ala., 1904-

MOBILE RIVER BASIN.

Cartecay River (head of Mobile River) near Cartecay, Ga., 1904-5; 1907.

Coosawattee River (continuation of Cartecay River) at Carters, Ga., 1892-1908.

Oostanaula River (continuation of Coosawattee River) at Resaca, Ga., 1896-1901; 1905-

Coosa River (continuation of Oostanaula River) at Rome, Ga., 1897-1903.

Coosa River at Lock No. 4, above Riverside, Ala., 1890-1901.

Coosa River at Riverside, Ala., 1896-1916.

Coosa River at Lock No. 5, near Riverside, Ala., 1892-1899.

Coosa River at Childersburg, Ala., 1914-

Coosa River at Lock No. 12, near Clanton, Ala., 1914.

Coosa River at Lock No. 18, near Wetumpka, Ala., 1914.

Coosa River near Wetumpka, Ala., 1896-1898.

Alabama River (continuation of Coosa River) at Montgomery, Ala., 1899-1903.

Alabama River at Selma, Ala., 1899-1913.

Ellijay River at Ellijay, Ga., 1907.

Conasauga River at Beaverdale, Ga., 1907-8.

Etowah River near Ball Ground, Ga., 1907-1915.

Etowah River at Canton, Ga., 1892-1905.

Etowah River near Rome, Ga., 1904-

Etowah River at Rome, Ga., 1903.

Amicalola River near Potts Mountain, Ga., 1907-8; 1910-1913.

Choccolocco Creek near Jenifer, Ala., 1903-1908.

Talladega Creek at Nottingham, Ala., 1900-1904.

Tallapoosa River at Sturdevant, Ala., 1900-

Tallapoosa River near Susanna, Ala., 1900-1901.
GAGING STATIONS. XI

Alabama River tributaries Continued.

Tallapoosa River at Cherokee Bluffs, near Tallassee, Ala., 1912-1914. 

Tallapoosa River at Milstead; Ala., 1897-1903.

Little Tallapoosa River near Wedowee, Ala., 1913-14. 

Hillabee Creek near Alexander City, Ala., 1900-1903. 

Big Sandy Creek near Dadeville, Ala., 1900-1901. 

Cahaba River at Centerville, Ala., 1901-1908. 

Tombigbee River at Columbus, Miss., 1900-1912. 

Tombigbee River at Epes, Ala., 1900-1901; 1905-1913.

Black Warrior River (Mulberry Fork of Black Warrior River) near Cordova,

Ala., 1900-1912.

Black Warrior River near Coal, Ala., 1908-1910. - Black Warrior River at Tuscaloosa, Ala., 1889-1905. 

Sipsey Fork of Black Warrior River:

Clear Creek near Elk, Ala., 1904-5.

Locust Fork of Black Warrior River at Palos, Ala., 1902-1905. 

Village Creek near Mulga, Ala., 1909-10.

Camp Branch near Ensley, Ala., 1908-1910. 

Venison Branch near Mulga, Ala., 1908-9.

PEARL RIVER BASIN.

Pearl River at Jackson, Miss., 1901-1913. 

Bogue Chitto at Warnerton, La., 1906.
XII SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

REPORTS ON WATER RESOURCES OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC AND 

EASTERN GULF STATES.

WATER-SUPPLY PAPERS.

Water-supply papers are distributed free by the Geological Survey as long as its stock lasts. An asterisk 

(*) indicates that this stock has been exhausted. Many of the papers marked in this way may, however, 

be purchased (at price noted) from the SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. Omission 

of the price indicates that the report is not obtainable from Government sources. Water-supply papers 

are of octavo size.

*44. Profiles of rivers in the United States, by Henry Gannett. 1901. 100 pp., 11 

pis. 15c.

Gives elevations and distances along rivers of the United States, and brief descriptions of many 

of the streams, including Roanoke, Cape Fear, Peedee, Santee, Savannah, Oconee, Apalachicola, 

Chattahoochee, Coosa, Tallapoosa, and Black Warrior rivers.

*57. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part I (Alabama-Montana), 

by N. H. Darton. 1902. 60 pp. 5c.

*61. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part II (Nebraska-Wyoming), by N. H. Darton. 1902. 67pp. 5c.

A second, revised edition of Nos. 57 and 61 was published in 1905 as Water-Supply Paper 

149 (q. v.)

62. Hydrography of the southern Appalachian Mountain region, Part I, by H. A. 

Pressey. 1902. 95 pp., 25 pis. 15c.

63. Hydrography of the southern Appalachian Mountain region, Part II, by H. A. 

Pressey. 1902. pp. 96-190, pis. 26-44. 15c.

Nos. 62 and 63 describe in a general way the mountains, rivers, climate, forests, soil, vegetation, and mineral resources of the southern Appalachian Mountains, and then discuss in detail 

the drainage basins, giving for each an account of the physical features; rainfall, forests, minerals, 

transportation, discharge measurements, and water powers. Most of the streams described 

are tributary through Tennessee River to the Ohio, but Part II (No. 63) includes also descriptions of several streams in the south Atlantic and eastern Gulf of Mexico drainage basins.'

*67. The motions of underground waters, by 'C. S. Slichter. 1902. 106 pp., 8 pis. 15c. 

Describes artesian well at Savannah, Ga.

96. Destructive floods in the United States in 1903, by E. C. Murphy. 1904. 81 

pp., 13 pis. 15c.

Contains an account of flood on tributaries of Broad River (of the Carolinas) in Spartanburg 

County, S. C.

101. Underground waters of southern Louisiana, by G. D. Harris, with discussions 

of their uses for water supplies and for rice irrigation, by M. L. Fuller. 1904. 

98pp., 11 pis. 20c.

Describes the geology and ground-water conditions of the area, gives data in regard to artesian 

wells, and outlines methods of well drilling, pumping, and ric,e irrigation. Includes 23 analyses 

of ground water.

102. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1903; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1904. 522 pp. 30c.

Contains brief reports on municipal water supplies, wells, and springs of Georgia, Florida, 

Alabama, and Mississippi. The reports comprise tabulated well records, giving information 

as to location, owner, depth, yield, head, etc., supplemented by notes as to elevation above 

sea, materials penetrated, temperature, use, and quality; many miscellaneous analyses.

*103. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of inland waters in the United States, 

by E. B. Goodell. 1904. 120 pp. Superseded by 152.

Cites statutory restrictions of water pollution in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, 

North Carolina, and Virginia.
PUBLICATIONS.

*107. Water powers of Alabama, with an appendix on stream measurements in 

sissippi, by B. M. Hall. 1904. 253 pp., 9 pis. 20c.

Contains gage heights, rating tables, and estimates of monthly discharge at stations on Tallapoosa, Coosa, Alabama, Cahaba, Black Warrior, and Tombigbee rivers and their tributaries, 

gives estimates and short descriptions of water powers.

110. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1904; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 211 pp., 5 pis. lOc.

Contains reports as follows:

Experiment relating to problems of well contamination at Quitman, Ga., by S. W. McCallie. 

Scope indicated by title.

Water resources of the Cowee and Pisgah quadrangles, North Carolina, by Hoyt S. Gale. 

Discusses drainage, springs, and mineral waters of one of the units of the geologic atlas of the 

United States,

*114. Underground waters of eastern United States; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 

1905. 285pp., 18 pis. 25c.

Contains brief reports relating to south Atlantic and eastern Gulf of Mexico drainage areas 

as follows:

Virginia, by N. H. Darton and M. L. Fuller.

North Carolina, by M. L. Fuller.

Sooth Carolina, by L. C. Glenn.

Georgia, by S. W. McCallie.

Florida, by M. L. Fuller.

Alabama, by A. E. Smith.

Mississippi, by L. C. Johnson.

Each of these reports describes the geology of the area in its relation to water supplies, notes 

the principal mineral springs, and gives list of pertinent publications.

115. River surveys and profiles made during 1903, arranged by W. C. Hall and J. C. 

Hoyt. 1905. 115 pp., 4 pis. lOc.

Contains results of surveys made to determine location of undeveloped power sites. Gives 

elevations and distances along Catawba, Tallulah, Chattooga, Tugaloo, Savannah, Broad, 

Ocmulgee, Yellow, South, Alcovy, Towaliga, and Chattahoochee rivers.

145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1905; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 220 pp., 6 pis. lOc.

Contains "Notes on certain hot springs of the southern United States," by Walter Harvey 

Weed, including the "Warm springs of Georgia." Describes the location of the springs, the 

geologic conditions, and the composition of the waters (with analyses); estimates discharge.

*149. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, second edition with 

additions, by N. H. Darton. 1905. 175 pp. lOc.

Gives by States (and within the States by counties) location, depth, diameter, yield, height 

of water, and other valuable information concerning wells 400 feet or more in depth; includes 

all wells listed in Water-Supply Papers 57 and 61; mentions also principal publications relating 

to deep borings.

*152. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of inland waters in the United States 

(second edition), by E. B. Goodell. 1905. 149pp. lOc.

Cites statutory restrictions of water pollution in Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, 

North Carolina, and Virginia.

159. Summary of the underground-water resources of Mississippi, by A. F. Crider 

and L. C. Johnson. 1906. 86 pp., 6 pis. 20c.

Describes geography, topography, and general geology of the State; discusses the soaree, 

depth of penetration, rate of percolation, and recovery of ground waters; artesian requisites, 

and special conditions in the Coastal Plain formations; gives notes on wells by counties, deep-well 

records, and selected records in detail; treats of sanitary aspect of wells and gives analyses.

*160. Underground-water papers, 1906; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 1906. 

104 pp., 1 pi.

Contains brief report entitled "Peculiar mineral waters from crystalline rocks ef Georgia," 

by Myron L. Fuller, discussing origin of certain mineral springs and wells near Austell; gives 

analyses.
XIV SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

*162. Destructive floods in the United States in 1905, with a discussion of flood discharge and frequency and an index to flood literature, by E.G. Murphy and 

others. 1906. 105 pp., 4 pis. 15c.

Gives estimates of flood discharge and frequency on Cape Fear, Savannah, Alabama, and 

Black Warrior rivers.

*197. Water resources of Georgia, by B.M. and M. R. Hall. 1907. 342 pp.,1 pi. 50c.

Describes topographic and geologic features of the State; discusses by drainage basins, stream 

flow, river surveys, and water powers.

236. The quality of surface waters in the United States: Part I, Analyses of waters 

east of the one hundredth meridian, by R. B. Dole. 1909. 123 pp. lOc.

Describes collection of samples, methods of examination, preparation of solutions, accuracy 

of estimates, and expression of analytical results; gives results of analyses of waters of James, 

Roanoke, Dan, Neuse, Cape Fear, Peedee, Wateree, Saluda, Savannah, Ocmulgee, Oconee, 

Chattahoochee, Flint, Oostanaula, Alabama, Cahaba, Tombigbee, and Pearl rivers.

*258. Underground water papers, 1910; by M. L. Fuller, F. G. Clapp, G. C. Matson, 

Samuel Sanford, and H. C. Wolff. 1911. 123 pp., 2 pis. 15c. Contains:

Saline artesian waters of tho Atlantic coastal plain, by Samuel Sanford. Discusses briefly 

the geology of the Coastal Plain, the artesian waters, the occurrence and character of the salt 

waters, the causes of salinity, and lateral changes in salinity.

*319. Geology and ground waters of Florida, by G. C. Matson and Samuel Sanford. 

1913. 445 pp., 17 pis. 60c.

Describes the characteristic upland, lowland, and coastal features of the State the springs, 

lakes, caverns, sand dunes, coral reefs, bars, inlets, tidal runways, pine lands, swamps, keys, 

and ocean currents; discusses in detail the stratigraphic position, lithologic character, thickness, physiographic expression, structure, and areal distribution of the geologic formations; 

treats of the source, amount, depth, circulation, and recovery of ground waters, the artesian 

waters, and public water supplies; and gives details concerning source, quality, and development of the water supplies by counties. Discusses briefly the quality of the well waters.

341. Underground waters of the Coastal Plain of Georgia, by L. W. Stephenson and 

J. O. Veatch, and a discussion of the quality of the waters, by R. B. Dole. 

1915. 539 pp., 21 pis. 50c.

Describes the physiographic features of the State, the geologic provinces, the areal distribu 

tion, stratigraphic position, and lithologic character of the rocks belonging to the geologic systems; discusses the source and amount of the ground waters, the uses of the springs and shallow 

and artesian wells, and the distribution of the ground waters in the rocks of the various formations; gives details concerning each county. The chapter on the chemical character of the 

waters describes standards for classification and the general requisites of waters for miscellaneous 

industrial uses and for domestic use; treats also of methods of purifying water and of the relation 

of quality to geographic position, to water-bearing stratum, and to depth.

364. Water analyses from the laboratory of the United States Geological Survey, 

tabulated by F. W. Clarke, chief chemist. 1914. 40 pp. . 5c.

Contains analyses of spring and well waters in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and 

Florida, and of water from the Gulf of Mexico.

ANNUAL REPORTS.

Each of the papers contained in the annual reports was also issued in separate form.

Annual reports are distributed free by the Geological Survey as long as its stock lasts. An asterisk (*) 

Indicates that this stock has been exhausted. Many of the papers so marked, however, may be purchased 

from the SUPEKINTENDENT or DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Tenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1888-89, J. W. Powell, 

Director. 1890. 2 parts. *Pt. I. Geology, xv, 774 pp., 98 pis. $2.35. 

Contains:

*General account of the fresh-water morasses of the United States, with a description of the 

Dismal Swamp district of Virginia and North Carolina, by N. S. Shaler, pp. 235-339, pis. 6-19. 

Scope indicated by title.
PUBLICATIONS. XV

Fourteenth Annual Beport of the United States Geological Survey, 1892-93, J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1893. (Pt. II, 1894.) 2 parts. *Pt. II. Accompanying 

papers, xx, 597 pp., 73 pis. $2.10. Contains:

*Potable waters of eastern United States, by W. J. McGee, pp. 1-47. Discusses cistern water, 

stream waters, and ground waters, including mineral springs and artesian wells.

PROFESSIONAL PAPERS.

Professional papers are distributed free by the Geological Survey as long as its stock lasts. An asterisk (*) 

indicates that this stock has been exhausted. Many of the papers marked with an asterisk may, however, be purchased from the SUPERINTENDENT or DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. Professional papers 

are of quarto size.

*37. The southern Appalachian forests, by H. B. Ayres and W. W. Ashe. 1905. 291 

pp., 37 pis. SOc.

Describes the relief, drainage, climate, natural resources, scenery, and water supply of the 

southern Appalachian forests, the trees, shrubs, and rate of growth; gives details concerning 

forests by drainage basins, including New, Holston (southern tributaries of South Fork only), 

Watauga, Nolichucky, French Broad, Pigeon, Little Tennessee, Hiwassee, Tallulah-Chattooga, 

Toxaway, Saluda and First and Second Broad Rivers, Catawba and YadMn rivers, describing 

many of the tributaries of each of the master streams.

*72. Denudation and erosion in the southern Appalachian region and the Monongahela 

basin, by L. C. Glenn. 1911. 137 pp., 21 pis. 35c.

Describes the topography, geology, drainage, forests, climate, and population, and transportation facilities of the region, the relation of agriculture, lumbering, mining, and power development to erosion and denudation, and the nature, effects, and remedies of erosion; gives details 

of conditions in Holston, Nolichucky, French Broad, Little Tennessee, and Hiwassee River 

basins, along Tennessee River proper, and in the basins of the Coosa-Alabama system, Chattahoochee, Savannah, Saluda, Broad, Catawba, Yadkin, New, and Monongahela rivers.

*90. Shorter contributions to general geology, 1914; David White, chiel geologist. 

1915. 199 pp., 21 pis. 40c.

Issued also in separate chapters. The following paper relates in part to ground water: 

(ft) A deep well at Charleston, S. C., by L. W. Stephenson, with a report on the mineralogy 

of the water, by Chase Palmer (pp. 69-94).

BULLETINS.

An asterisk (*) indicates that the Geological Survey's stock of the paper is exhausted. Many of the papers 

so marked may be purchased from the SUPERINTENDENT OF D OCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. Bulletins 

are of octavo size.

*138. Artesian-well prospects in the Atlantic Coastal Plain region, by N. H. Darton. 

1896. 232pp., 19 pis.

Describes the general geologic structure of the Atlantic Coastal Plain region and summarizes 

the conditions affecting subterranean water in the Coastal Plain; discusses the general geologic 

relations in New York, southern New Jersey, Delaware'. Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and eastern Georgia; gives for each of the States a list of 

the deep wells and discusses well prospects. The notes on the wells that follow the tabulated 

lists contain many sections and analyses of the waters.

*264. Record of deep-well drilling for 1904, by M. L. Fuller, E. F. Lines, and A. C. 

Veatch. 1905. 106 pp. lOc.

Discusses the1 importance of accurate well records to the driller, to owners 01 oil, gas, and 

water wells, and to the geologist; describes the general methods of work; gives tabulated records 

of wells in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, and North Carolina, and detailed records 

of wells in Hancock and Jackson counties, Mississippi. These wells were selected because they 

give definite stratigraphic information.

*298. Record of deep-well drilling for 1905, by M. L. Fuller and Samuel Sanford. 

1906. 299 pp. 25c.

Gives an account of progress in the collection of well records and samples; contains tabulated 

records of wells in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississppi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and 

Virginia; and detailed records of wells in Madison, Marengo, and Mobile counties, Alabama; 

Duval, Escambia, Sumter, and Volusia counties, Florida; Chatham, Decatur, Fulton, Pierce, 

and Tatnall counties, Georgia; Lenoir, New Hanover, and Moore counties, North Carolina; 

Hancock, Harrison, Jackson, Jones, Marshall, Newton, and Panola counties Mississippi; and 

Aiken, Barnwell, Charleston, Hampton, Lee, and Orangeburg counties, South Carolina. The 

wells of which detailed sections are given were selected because they afford valuable stratigraphic 

information.
XVI S URFACE WATER SUPPLY, 191*7, PART II.

GEOLOGIC FOLIOS.

Under the plan adopted for the preparation of a geologic map of the United States 

the entire area is divided into small quadrangles, bounded by certain meridians and 

parallels, and these quadrangles, which number several thousand, are separately 

surveyed and mapped. 1 The unit of survey is also the unit of publication, and the 

maps and description of each quadrangle are issued in the form of a folio. When all 

the folios are completed they will constitute the Geologic Atlas of the United States.

A folio is designated by the name of the principal town or of a prominent natural 

feature within the quadrangle. Each folio includes maps showing the topography, 

geology, underground structure, and mineral deposits of the area mapped and several 

pages of descriptive text. The text explains the maps and describes the topographic 

and geologic features of the country and its mineral products. The topographic map 

shows roads, railroads, waterways, and, by contour lines, the shapes of the hills and 

valleys and the height above sea level of all points in the quadrangle. The arealgeology map shows the distribution of the various rocks at the surface. The structuralgeology map shows the relations of the rocks to one another underground. The 

economic-geology map indicates the location of mineral deposits that are commercially valuable. The artesian-water map shows the depth to underground water 

horizons. Economic-geology and artesian-water maps are included in folios if the 

conditions in the areas mapped warrant their publication. The folios are of special 

interest to students of geography and geology and are valuable as guides in the development and utilization of mineral resources.

The folios numbered from 1 to 163, inclusive, are published in only one form (18 by 

22 inches), called the library edition. Some of the folios that bear numbers higher 

than 163 are published also in an octavo edition (6 by 9 inches). Owing to a fire in 

the Geologic Survey building May 18, 1913, the stock of geologic folios was more or 

less damaged by fire and water, but many of the folios are usable. The damaged 

folios are sold at the uniform price of 5 cents each, with no reduction for wholesale 

orders. This rate applies to folios in stock from 1 to 184, inclusive (except reprints), also 

to the library edition of folio 186. The library edition of folios 185, 187, and higher 

numbers sells for 25 cents a copy, except that some folios which contain an unusually 

large amount of matter sell at higher prices. The octavo edition of folio 185 and 

higher numbers sells for 50 cents a copy, except folio 193, which sells for 75 cents a 

copy. A discount of 40 per cent is allowed on an order for folios, or for folios together 

with topographic maps amounting to $5 or more at the retail rate.

All the folios contain descriptions of the drainage of the quadrangles. The folios 

in the following list contain also brief discussions of the ground waters in connection 

with the economic resources of the areas and more or less information concerning the 

utilization of the water resources.

*80. Norfolk, Virginia-North Carolina.

Describes the plains, Dismal Swamp, and the tidal marshes; discusses the reclamation of 

swamp lands and gives an account of the ground waters; gives sections of wells near Norfolk 

and at Fort Monroe, and analyses of waters from the test borings at Norfolk and the boring at 

Lambert Point.

90 Cranberry, North Carolina-Tennessee. 5c.

*124. Mount Mitchell, North Carolina-Tennessee.

*147. Pisgah, North Carolina-South Carolina.

*175. Birmingham, Alabama. 2 5c. 

187. Ellijay, Georgia-North Carolina-Tennessee. 3 25c.

1 Index maps showing areas in the South Atlantic States covered by topographic maps and by geologic 

folios will be mailed on receipt of request addressed to the Director, U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, 

D. C.

2 Octavo edition only.

3 Octavo edition, 50c.
PUBLICATIONS. XVII 

MISCELLANEOUS REPORTS.

Other Federal bureaus and State and other organizations have 

from time to time published reports relating to the water resources of 

the various sections of the country. Notable among those pertaining to the South Atlantic States are the reports of the State surveys 

of North Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Alabama, and the Tenth 

Census (vol. 16).

The following reports deserve special mention:

Hydrography of Virginia, by N. C. Grover and R. H. Bolster: Virginia Geol. Survey 

Bull. 3, 1906."

Underground waters of the Coastal Plain province of Virginia, by Samuel Sanford: 

Virginia Geol. Survey Bull. 5, 1913.

Survey water supply of Virginia, by G. 0. Stevens: Virginia Geol. Survey Bull. 

10, 1916*

A preliminary report on the water powers of Georgia, by B.M. Hall: Georgia Geol. 

Survey Bull. 3-A, 1896.

A preliminary report on the artesian-well system of Georgia, by S. W. McOallie: 

Georgia Geol. Survey Bull. 7, 1898.

A preliminary report on the underground waters of Georgia, by S. W. McCallie: 

Georgia Geol. Survey Bull. 15, 1908.

Second report on the water powers of Georgia, by B. M. Hall and M. R. Hall: Georgia 

Geol. Survey Bull. 16, 1908.

A preliminary report on the mineral springs of Georgia, by S. W. McOallie: Georgia 

Geol. Survey Bull. 20, 1913.

Reports on condition of water supply at Savannah, Ga. Mayor of Savannah Ann. 

Rept., 1915.

Contains the following papers submitted by the United States Geological Survey:

Preliminary report on Savannah water supply, by L. W. Stephenson and E. B. Dole. Pp. 1-14.

The water supply of Savannah, Ga., by E. B. Dole. Pp. 15-89.

These papers discuss the yield and head of the artesian wells of Savannah, the consumption of water, 

the sanitary and chemical quality of the water, and the cost of operation. They give the results of fluorescein tests and several analyses of surface and ground waters. They conclude with recommendations 

for future developments.

A preliminary report on the underground water supply of central Florida, by E. H. 

Sellards: Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 1, 1908.

Underground waters of Mississippi; a preliminary report by W. N. Logan and W. R. 

Perkins: Mississippi Agr. Exper. Sta. Bull. 89, 1905.

Report of the Secretary of Agriculture in relation to the forests, rivers, and mountains of the southern Appalachian region: 57th Congress, 1st sess., S. Doc. 84, 1902.

Underground water resources of Alabama, by E. A. Smith. Montgomery, Ala., 1907.

Preliminary report on part of the water powers of Alabama, by B. M. Hall: Alabama 

Geol. Survey Bull. 7, 1903.

Papers on the water power in North Carolina, a preliminary report by George F. 

Swain, J. A. Holmes, and E. W. Myers: North Carolina Geol. Survey Bull. 8, 1899.

The Coastal Plain of North Carolina, by W. B. Clark, B. L. Miller, L. W. Stephenson, 

B. L. Johnson, and H. N. Parker: North Carolina Geol. and Econ. Survey Rept., 

vol. 3, 1912.

Many of these reports can be obtained by applying to the several 

organizations, and most of them can be consulted in the public 

libraries of the larger cities.

112129° 20 WSP 452 6
XVIII SURFACE WATBE SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY HYDROLOGIC REPORTS OP GENERAL

INTEREST.

The following list comprises reports not readily classifiable by drainage basins and covering a wide range of hydrologic investigations:

WATER-STTPPLY PAPERS.

*1. Pumping water for irrigation, by H. M. Wilson. 1896. 57 pp., 9 pis.

Describes pumps and motive powers, windmills, water wheels, and various kinds of engines; 

also storage reservoirs to retain pumped water until needed for irrigation.

*3. Sewage irrigation, by G. W. Rafter. 1897. 100 pp., 4 pis. lOc. (See WaterSupply Paper 22.)

Discusses methods of sewage disposal by intermittent filtration and by irrigation; describes 

utilization of sewage in Germany, England, and France and sewage purification in the United 

States.

*8. Windmills for irrigation, by E. C. Murphy. 1897. 49 pp., 8 pis. lOc.

Gives results of experimental tests of windmills during the summer of 1896 in the vicinity of 

Garden, Kans.: describes instruments and methods and draws conclusions.

*14. New tests of certain pumps and water lifts used in irrigation, by O. P. Hood, 

1898. 91pp., 1 pi.

Discusses efficiency of pumps and water lifts of various types.

*20. Experiments with windmills, by T. O. Perry. 1899. 97 pp., 12 pis. 15c.

Includes tables and descriptions of v/ind wheels, compares wheels of several types, and discusses results.

*22. Sewage irrigation, Part II, by G. W. Rafter. 1899. 100 pp., 7 pis. I5c.

Gives resume1 of Wai,er-Supply Paper No. 3; discusses pollution of certain streams, experiments on purification of factory wastes in Massachusetts, value of commercial fertilizers, and 

describes American sewage-disposal plants by States; contains bibliography of publications relaung to sewage, utilization, and disposal.

*41. The windmill; its efficiency and economic use, Part I, by E. G. Murphy. 1901. 

72 pp., 14 pis. 5c.

*42. The windmill; its efficiency and economic use, Part II, by E. C. Murphy. 1901. 

75 pp. (73-147), 2 pis. (15-16). lOc.

Nos. 41 and 42 give details of results of experimental tests with windmills of various types.

*43. Conveyance of water in irrigation canals, flumes, and pipes, by Samuel Fortier, 

1901. 86 pp., 15 pis. 15c.

*56. Methods of stream measurement. 1901. 51 pp., 12 pis. 15c.

Describes the methods used by the Survey in 1901-2. (See also Nos. 64, 94, and 95.)

*64. Accuracy of stream measurements, by E. C. Murphy. 1902. 99 pp., 4 pis. 

(See No. 95.) lOc.

Describes methods of measuring velocity of water and of measuring and computing stream 

flow and compares results obtained with the different instruments and methods; describes also 

experiments and results at the Cornell University hydraulic laboratory. A second, enlarged 

edition published as Water-Supply Paper 95.

*67. The motions of underground waters, by G. S. Slichter. 1902. 106 pp., 8 

pis. 15c.

Discusses origin, depth, and amount of ground waters; permeability of rocks and porosity of 

soils; causes, rates, and laws of motions of ground water; surface and deep zones of flow, and 

recovery of waters by open wells and artesian and deep wells; treats of the shape and position of 

the water table; gives simple methods of measuring yield of flowing wells.

72. Sewage pollution in the metropolitan area near New York City and its effect on 

inland water resources, by M. 0. Leighton. 1902. 75 pp., 8 pis. lOc.

Defines "normal" and "polluted " water.s and discusses the damage resulting from pollution.
PUBLICATIONS. XIX

*"'80. The relation of rainfall to run-off, by G. W. Rafter. 1903. 104 pp. lOc.

Treats of measurements of rainfall and laws and measurements of stream flow; gives rainfall 

run-off, and evaporation formulas; discusses effects of forests on rainfall and run-off.

87. Irrigation in India (second edition), by H. M. Wilson. 1903. 238 pp., 27 pis. 

25c.

First edition was published in Part II of the Twelfth Annual Report.

93. Proceedings of first conference, of engineers of the Reclamation Service, with 

accompanying papers, compiled by F. H. Newell, chief engineer. 1904. 

361 pp. 25c. [Requests for this report should be addressed to the U. S. Reclamation Service.]

Contains the following papers of more or less general interest:

Limits of an irrigation project, by D. W. Ross.

Relation of Federal and State laws to irrigation, by Morris Bien.

Electrical transmission of power for pumping, by H. A. Storrs.

Correct design and stability of high masonry dams, by Geo. Y. Wisner.

Irrigation surveys and the use of the plane table, by J. B. Lippincott.

The use of alkaline waters for irrigation, by Thomas H. Means.

*94. Hydrographic manual of the United States Geological Survey, prepared by E. C. 

Murphy, J. 0. Hoyt, and G. B. Hollister. 1904. 76 pp., 3 pis. lOc.

Gives instruction for field and office work relating to measurements of stream flow by current 

meters. See also No. 95.

*95. Accuracy of stream measurement (second, enlarged edition), by E.G. Murphy.

1904. 169 pp., 6 pis.

Describes methods of measuring and computing stream flow and compares results derived 

from different instruments and methods. See also No. 94.

*103. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of inland waters in the United States, 

by E. B. Goodell. 1904. 120 pp. Superseded by No. 152, q. v. 

Explains the legal principles under which antipollution statutes become operative, quotes 

court decisions to show authority for various deductions, and classifies according to scope the 

statutes enacted in the different States.

110. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1904; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 211 pp., 5 pis. lOc.

Contains the following reports of general interest. The scope of each paper is indicated by its 

title.

Description of underflow meter used in measuring the velocity and direction of underground 

water, by Charles S. Slichter.

The California or "stovepipe" method of well construction, by Charles S. Slichter.

Approximate methods of measuring the yield of flowing wells, by Charles S. Slichter.

Corrections necessary in accurate determinations of flow from vertical well casings, from notes 

furnished by A. N. Talbot.

Experiment relating to problems of well contamination at Quitman, Ga., by S. W. McCallie.

113. The disposal of strawboard and oil-well wastes, by R. L. Sackett and Isaiah 

Bowman. 1905. 52 pp., 4 pis. 5c.

The first paper discusses the pollution of streams by sewage and by trade wastes, describes the 

manufacture of strawboard and gives results of various experiments in disposing of the waste. 

The second paper describes briefly the topography, drainage, and geology of the region about 

Marion, Ind., and the contamination of rock wells and of streams by waste oil and brine.

*114. Underground waters of eastern United States; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge.

1905. 285pp., 18 pis. 25c.

Contains report on " Occurrence of underground waters," by M. L. Fuller, discussing sources, 

amount, and temperature of waters; permeability and storage capacity of rocks, water-bearing 

formations; recovery of water by springs, wells, and pumps; essential conditions of artesian flows; 

and general conditions affecting underground waters in eastern United States.

119. Index to the hydrographic progress reports of the United States Geological 

Survey, 1888 to 1903, by J. 0. Hoyt and B. D. Wood. 1905. 253pp. 15c.

120. Bibliographic review and index of papers relating to underground waters published by the United States Geological Survey, 1879-1904, by M. L. Fuller. 

1905. 128 pp. lOc.
XX SUKFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PAKT II.

*122. Relation of the law to underground waters, by D, W. Johnson. 1905. 55 pp. 

5c.

Defines and classifies underground waters, gives common-law rules relating to their use, and 

cites States legislative acts affecting them.

140. Field measurements of the rate of movement of underground waters, by C. S. 

Slitcher. 1905. 122 pp., 15 pis. 15c.

Discusses the capacity of sand to transmit water; describes measurements of underflow in Rio 

Hondo, San Gabriel, and Mohave River valleys, Cal., and on Long Island, N. Y.; gives results of 

tests of wells and pumping plants, and describes stovepipe method of well construction.

143. Experiments on steel-concrete pipes on a working scale, by J. H. Quinton. 

1905. 61 pp., 4 pis. 5c. 

Scope indicated by title.

145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1905; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 220 pp., 6 pis. lOc. 

Contains brief reports of general interest as follows:

Drainage of ponds into drilled wells, by Robert E. Horton, Discusses efficiency, cost, and 

capacity of drainage wells and gives statistics of such wells in southern Michigan. 

Construction of so-called fountain and geyser springs, by Myron L. Fuller. 

Aconvenient gage for determining low artesian heads, by Myron L. Fuller.

146. Proceedings of second conference of engineers of the Reclamation Service, with 

accompanying papers, compiled by F. H. Newell, Chief Engineer. 1905. 

267 pp. 15c. [Inquiries concerning this report should be addressed to the 

Reclamation Service.]

Contains brief account of the organization of the hydrographic [water resources] branch and the 

Reclamation Service, reports of conferences and committees, circulars of instruction, and many 

brief reports on subjects closely related to reclamation, and a bibliography of technical papers toy 

members of the service. Of the papers read at the conference those listed below (scope indicated 

by title) are of more or less general interest:

Proposed State code of water laws, by Morris Bien.

Power engineering applied to irrigation problems, by O. H. Ensign.

Estimates on tunneling in irrigation projects, by A. L. Fellows.

Collection of stream-gaging data, by N. C. Grover.

Diamond-drill methods, by G. A. Hammond.

Mean-velocity and area curves, by F. W. Hanna.

Importance,of general hydrographic data concerning basins of streams gaged, by R. E. Horton.

Effect of aquatic vegetation on stream flow, by R. E. Horton.

Sanitary regulations governing construction camps, by M. O. Leighton.

Necessity of draining irrigated land, by Thos. H. Means.

Alkali soils, by Thos. H. Means.

Cost of stream-gaging work, by E. C. Murphy.

Equipment of a cable gaging station, by E. C. Murphy.

Silting of reservoirs, by W. M. Reed.

Farm-unit classification, by D. W. Ross.

Cost of power for pumping irrigating water, by H. A. Storrs.

Records of flow at current-meter gaging stations during the frozen season, by F. H. Tillinghast.

147. Destructive floods in United States in 1904, by E. C. Murphy and others. 1905. 

206 pp., 18 pis. 15c.

Contains a brief account of "A method of computing cross-section area of waterways," including formulas for maximum discharge and areas of cross section.

*150. Weir experiments, coefficients, and formulas, by R. E. Horton. 1906. 189 

pp., 38 pis. (See Water-Supply Paper 200.) 15c. 

Scope indicated by title.

151. Field assay of water, by M. O. Leighton. 1905. 77 pp., 4 pis.

Discusses methods, instruments, and reagents used in determining turbidity, color, iron, 

chlorides, and hardness in connection with the studies of the quality of water hi various parts 

of the United States.

*152. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of inland waters in the United States, 

second edition, by E. B. Goodell. 1905. 149 pp. lOc. 

Scope indicated by title.
PUBLICATIONS. XXI

*155. Fluctuations of the water level in wells, with special reference to Long Island, 

N.Y.,byA.C. Veatch. 1906. 83pp., 9 pis. 25c.

Includes general discussion of fluctuations due to rainfall and evaporation, barometric changes, 

temperature changes, changes in rivers, changes hi lake level, tidal changes, effects of settlement, 

irrigation, dams, underground-water development, and to indeterminate causes.

*160. Underground-water papers, 1906; M. L. Fuller, geologist, in charge. 1906. 104 

pp., 1 pi.

Gives account of work in 1905, lists publications relating to underground waters, and contains the following brief reports of general interest:

Significance of the term "artesian," by Myron L. Fuller. 

Representation of wells and springs on maps, by Myron L. Fuller. 

Total amount of free water in the earth's crust, by Myron L. Fuller. 

Use of fluorescein in the study of underground waters, by R. B. Dole. 

Problems of water contamination, by Isaiah Bowman. 

Instances of improvement of water in wells, by Myron L. Fuller.

*162. Destructive floods in the United States in 1905, with a discussion of flood discharge and frequency and an index to flood literature, by E. C. Murphy and 

others. 1906. 105 pp., 4 pis. 15c.

*163. Bibliographic review and index of underground-water literature published in 

the United States in 1905, by M. L. Fuller, F. G. Clapp, and B. L. Johnson. 

1906. 130pp. 15c. 

Scope indicated by title.

*179. Prevention of stream pollution by distillery refuse, based on investigations at 

Lynchburg, Ohio, by Herman Stabler. 1906. 34pp., 1 pi. lOc.

Describes grain distillation, treatment of slop, sources, character, and effects of effluents on 

streams; discusses nitration, precipitation, fermentation, and evaporation methods of disposal 

of wastes without pollution.

*180. Turbine water-wheel tests and power tables, by R. E. Horton. 1906. 134 pp., 

2 pis. 20c.

Scope indicated by title.

*185. Investigations on the purification of Boston sewage, * * * with a history 

of the sewage-disposal problem, by C.-E. A. Winslow and E. B. Phelps, 

1906. 163 pp. 25c.

Discusses composition, disposal, purification, and treatment of sewages and tendencies hi 

sewage-disposal practice in England, Germany, and the United States; describes character 

of crude sewage at Boston, removal of suspended matter, treatment in septic tanks, and purification in intermittent sand filtration and coarse material; gives bibliography.

*186. Stream pollution by acid-iron wastes, a report based on investigations made at 

Shelby, Ohio, by Herman Stabler. 1906. 36 pp., 1 pi.

Gives history of pollution by acid-iron wastes at Shelby, Ohio, and resulting litigation; discusses effect of acid-iron liquors on sewage purification processes, recovery of copperas from acidiron wastes, and other processes for removal of pickling liquor.

*187. Determination of stream flow during the frozen season, by H. K. Barrows and 

R. E. Horton. 1907. 93 pp., 1 pi. 15c. 

Scope indicated by title.

*189. The prevention of stream polhition by strawboard waste, by E. B. Phelps, 

1906. 29 pp., 2 pis.

Describes manufacture of strawboard, present and proposed methods of disposal of waste 

liquors, laboratory investigations of precipitation and sedimentation, and field studies of 

amounts and character of water used, raw material and finished product, and mechanical 

filtration.

*194. Pollution ol Illinois and Mississippi rivers by Chicago sewage (a digest of the 

testimony taken in the case of the State of Missouri v. the State of Illinois 

and the Sanitary District of Chicago), by M. 0. Leighton. 1907. 369 pp., 

2 pis.

Scope indicated by amplification of title.
XXH SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

*200. Weir experiments, coefficients, and formulas (revision of Paper No. ISO), by 

R. E. Horton. 1907. 195 pp., 38 pis. 35c. 

Scope indicated by title.

*226. The pollution of streams by sulphite-pulp waste, a study of possible remedies, 

by E. B. Phelps. 1909. 37 pp., 1 pi. lOc.

Describes manufacture of sulphite pulp, the waste liquors, and the experimental work leading 

to suggestions as to methods of preventing stream pollution.

*229. The disinfection of sewage and sewage filter effluents,, with a chapter on the 

putrescibility and stability of sewage effluents, by E. B. Phelps. 1909. 91 

pp., 1 pi. 15c.

Scope indicated by title.

*234. Papers on the conservation of water resources. 1909. 96 pp., 2 pis. 15c.

Contains the following papers, whose scope is indicated by their titles: Distribution of rainfall, 

by Henry Gannett; Floods, by M. O. Leighton; Developed water powers, compiled under the 

direction of W. M. Steuart, with discussion by M. O. Leighton; Undeveloped water powers, by 

M. O. Leighton; Irrigation, by F. H. Newell; Underground waters, by W. C. Mendenhall; 

Denudation, by R. B. Dole and Herman Stabler; Control of catchment areas, by H. N. Parker.

*235. The purification of some textile and other factory wastes, by Herman Stabler 

and G. H. Pratt. 1909. 76 pp. lOc.

Discusses waste waters from wool scouring, bleaching and dyeing cotton yarn, bleaching 

cotton piece goods, and manufacture of oleomargarine, fertilizer, and glue.

236. The quality of surface waters in the United States: Part I, Analyses of waters 

east of the one hundredth meridian, by R. B. Dole. 1909. 123 pp. lOc.

Describes collection of samples, methods of examination, preparation of solutions, accuracy 

of estimates, and expression of analytical results.

238. The public utility of water powers and their governmental regulation, by Rene 

Tavernier and M. O. Lejghton. 1910. 161 pp. 15c.

Discusses hydraulic power and irrigation, French, Italian, and Swiss legislation relative to 

the development of water powers, and laws proposed in the French Parliament; reviews work 

of bureau of hydraulics and agricultural improvement of the French department of agriculture, 

and gives r6sum6 of Federal and State water-power legislation in the United States.

*255. Underground waters for farm use, by M. L. Fuller. 1910. 58 pp., 17 pis. 15c.

Discusses rocks as sources of water supply and the relative safety of supplies from different 

minerals; springs and their protection; open or dug and deep wells, their location, yield, relative 

cost, protection, and safety; advantages and disadvantages of cisterns and combination wells 

and cisterns.

*257. Well-drilling methods, by Isaiah Bowman. 1911. 139 pp., 4 pis. 15c.

Discusses amount, distribution, and disposal of rainfall, water-bearing rocks, amount of ground 

water, artesian conditions, and oil and gas bearing formation; gives history of well drilling in 

Asia, Europe, and the United States; describes in detail the various methods and the machinery 

used; discusses loss of tools and geologic difficulties; contamination of well waters and met&ods 

of prevention; tests of capacity of depth; and costs of sinking wells.

*258. Underground water-papers, 1910, by M. L. Fuller, F. G. Clapp, G. C. Matson, - 

Samuel Sanford, and H. C. Wolff. 1911. 123 pp., 2 pis. 15c. 

Contains the following papers (scope indicated by titles) of general interest: 

Drainage by wells, by M. L. Fuller.

Freezing of wells and related phenomena, by M. L. Fuller. 

Pollution of underground waters in limestone, by G. C. Matson. 

Protection of shallow wells in sandy deposits, by M. L. Fuller. 

Magnetic wells, by M. L. Fuller.

274. Some stream waters of the western United States, with chapters on sediment 

carried by the Rio Grande and the industrial application of water analyses, 

by Herman Stabler. 1911. 188 pp. 15c.

Describes collection of samples, plan of analytical work, and methods of analyses; discusses 

soap-consuming power of waters, water softening, boiler waters, and water for irrigation.
PUBLICATIONS. XXIII

*315. The purification of public water supplies, by G. A. Johnson. 1913. 84 pp., 8 

pis. lOc.

Discusses ground, lake, and river waters as public supplies, development of waterworks systems in the United States, water consumption, and typhoid fever; describes methods of filtration and sterilization of water, and municipal water softening.

334. The Ohio Valley flood of March-April, 1913 (including comparisons with some 

earlier floods), by A. H. Horton and H. J. Jackson. 1913. 96 pp., 22 pis. 

20c.

Although relating specifically to floods in the Ohio Valley, this report discusses also the causes 

of floods and the prevention of damage by floods.

337. The effects of ice on stream flow, by William Glenn Hoyt. 1913. 77 pp., 7 pis. 

15c.

Discusses methods of measuring the winter flow of streams.

*345. Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1914. N. C. Grover, 

chief hydraulic engineer. 1915. 225 pp., 7 pis. 30c. Contains:

*(e) A method of determining the daily discharge of rivers of variable slope, by M. R. Hall, 

W. E. HaU, and C. H. Pierce, pp. 53-65. Scope indicated by title.

364. \Vater analyses from the laboratory of the United States Geological Survey, 

tabulated by F. W. Clarke, chief chemist. 1914. 40 pp. 5c.

Contains analyses of waters from rivers, lakes, wells, and springs in various parts of the United 

States, including analyses of the geyser water of Yellowstone National Park, hot springs in 

Montana, brines from Death Valley, water from the Gulf of Mexico, and mine waters from 

Tennessee, Michigan, Missouri and Oklahoma, Montana, Colorado and Utah, Nevada and 

Arizona, and California.

371. Equipment for current-meter gaging stations, by G. J. Lyon. 1915. 64 pp., 

37 pis. 20c.

Describes methods of installing automatic and other gages and of constructing gage wells, 

shelters, and structures for making discharge measurements and artificial controls.

*375. Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1915. N. C. Grover, chief 

hydraulic engineer. 1916. 181 pp., 9 pis. 15c.

Contains three papers presented at the conference of engineers of the water-resources branch 

in December, 1914, as follows:

*(c) Relation of stream gaging to the science ofliydraulics, by C. H. Pierce and R. W. Davenport, pp. 77-84.

(e) A method for correcting river discharge for a changing stage, by B. E.. Jones, pp. 117-130.

(f) Conditions requiring the use of automatic gages in obtaining records of stream flow, by C. 

H. Pierce, pp. 131-139.

*400. Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1916. N. C. Grover, chief 

hydraulic engineer. 1917. 108 pp., 7 pis. Contains:

(a) The people's interest in water-power resources, by G. O. Smith, pp. 1-8.

*(c) The measurement of silt-laden streams, by R. C. Pierce, pp. 39-51. 

(d) Accuracy of stream-flow data, by N. C. Grover and J. C. Hoyt, pp. 53-59.

416. The divining rod, a history of water witching, with a bibliography, by A. J. 

Ellis. 1917. 59pp. lOc.

A brief paper published "merely to furnish a reply to the numerous inquiries that are continually being received from all parts of thecountry " as to the efficiency of the divining rod for locating underground water.

425. Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1917. N. C. Grover, chief 

hydraulic engineer. 1918. Contains:

*(c) Hydraulic conversion tables and convenient equivalents, pp. 71-94. 1917.
XXIV SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1917, PART II.

427. Bibliography and index of the publications of the United States Geological 

Survey relating to ground water, by O. E. Meinzer. 1918. 169 pp., 1 pi.

Includes publications prepared, in whole or part, by the Geological Survey that treat any 

phase of the subject of ground water or any subject directly applicable to ground water. Illustrated by map showing reports that cover specific areas more or less thoroughly.

ANNUAL REPORTS.

*Fifth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1883-84, J. W. Powell, 

Director. 1885. xxxvi, 469 pp., 58 pis. $2.25. Contains:

*The requisite and qualifying conditions of artesian wells, by T. C. Chamberlin, pp. 125, 

173, pi. 21. Scope indicated by title.

"Twelfth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1890-91, J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1891. 2 parts. *Pt. II, Irrigation, xviii,576 pp., 93 pis. 

$2. Contains:

irrigation in India, by H. M. Wilson, pp. 363-561, pis. 107 to 146. (See Water-Supply Paper 

87.)

Thirteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1891-92, J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1892. (Pts. II and III, 1893.) 3 parts. *Pt. Ill, Irrigation, pp. xi, 486, 77 plates. $1.85. Contains:

*American irrigation engineering, by H. M. Wilson, pp. 101-349, pis. Ill to 146. Discusses 

economic aspects of irrigation, alkaline drainage, silt, and sedimentation; gives brief history of 

legislation; describes perennial canals in Idaho-California, Wyoming, and Arizona; discusses 

water storage at reservoirs of the California and other projects, subsurface sources of supply 

pumping, and subirrigation.

Fourteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1892-93, J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1893. (Pt. II, 1894.) 2 parts. *Pt. II, Accompanying 

papers, pp. xx, 597, 73 pis. $2.10. Contains:

*Natural mineral waters of the United States, by A. C. Peale, pp. 49-88, pis. 3 and 4. Discusses the origin and flow of mineral springs, the source of mineralization, thermal springs, the 

chemical composition and analysis of spring waters, geographic distribution, and the utilization 

of mineral waters; gives a list of American mineral spring resorts; contains also some analyses.

Nineteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1897-98, Charles 

D. Walcott, Director. 1898. (Parts II, III, and V, 1899.) 6 parts in 7 vols. 

and separate case for maps with Pt. V. *Pt. II, papers chiefly of a theoretic 

nature, pp. v, 958, 172 plates. $2.65. Contains:

* Principles and conditions of the movements of ground water, by F. H. King, pp. 59-294, pis. 

6 to 16. Discusses the amount of water stored in sandstone, in soil and in other rocks, the depth 

to which ground water penetrates; gravitational, thermal, and capillary movements of ground 

waters, and the configuration of the ground-water surface; gives the results of experimental 

investigations on the flow of air and water through a rigid, porous medium and through sands, 

sandstones, and silts; discusses results obtained by other investigators, and summarizes results 

of observations; discusses also rate of flow of water through sand and rock, the growth of rivers, 

rate of filtration through soil, interference of wells, etc.

*Theoretical investigation of the motion of ground waters, by C. S. Slichter, pp. 295-384, pi. 

17. Scopeindicated by title.

PROFESSIONAL PAPERS.

86. The transportation of debris by running water, by G. K. Gilbert, based on experiments made with the assistance of E. C. Murphy. 1914. 263 pp., 3 pis. 70c.

The results of an investigation which was carried on in a specially equipped laboratory at 

Berkeley, Cal., and was undertaken for the purpose of learning "the laws which control the 

movement of bed load and especially to determine how the quantity of load is related, to the 

stream slope and discharge and to the degree of comminution of the de'bris."
PUBLICATIONS. XXV

105. Hydraulic-mining debris in the Sierra Nevada, by G. K. Gilbert. 154 pp. 

34 pis. 1917. 50c.

Presents the results of an investigation undertaken by the United States Geological Survey in 

response to a memorialfrom the California Miners' Association asking that a particular study be 

made of portions of the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys affected by detritus from torrential 

streams. The report deals largely with geologic and physiographic aspects of the subject, traces 

the physical effects, past and future, of the hydraulic mining of earlier decades, the similar effects 

which certain other industries induce through stimulation of the erosion of the soil, and the influence of the restriction of the area of inundation by the construction of levees. Suggests cooperation by several interests for the control of the streams now carrying heavy loads of d6bris.

BULLETINS.

*32. Lists and analyses of the mineral springs of the United States (a preliminary 

study), by A. 0. Peale. 1886. 235 pp.

Defines mineral waters, lists the springs by States, and gives tables of analyses.

*319. Summary of the controlling factors of artesian flows, by Myron L. Fuller. 1908. 

44 pp., 7 pis. lOc.

Describes underground reservoirs, the sources of ground waters, the confining agents, the 

primary and modifying factors of artesian circulation, the essential and modifying factors of 

artesian flow, and typical artesian systems.

*479. The geochemical interpretation of water analyses, by Chase Palmer. 1911. 

31 pp. 5c.

Discusses the expression of chemical analyses, the chemical character of water and the properties of natural water; .gives a classification of waters based on property values and.reacting values, and discusses the character of the waters of certain rivers as interpreted directly from the 

resultsofanalyses;discussesalso the relation of water properties to geologic formations, silica in 

river water, and the character of the water of the Mississippi and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River as indicated by chemical analyses.

616. The data of geochemistry (third edition), by F. W. Clarke. 1916. 821 pp. 

45c.

Earlier editions were published as Bulletins 330 and 491. Contains a discussion of the statement and interpretation of water analyses and a chapter on "Mineral wells and springs" (pp. 

179-216). Discusses the definition and classification of mineral waters, changes in the composition of water, deposits of calcareous, ocherous, and siliceous materials made by water, vadose 

and juvenile waters, and thermal springs in relation to volcanism. Describes the different 

Mnds of ground water and gives typical analyses. Includes a brief bibliography of papers containing water analyses.
INDEX BY AREAS AND SUBJECTS.

[A=Amiual Reports; M= Monograph; B=Bulletin; P= Professional Pager; W= Water-Supply Paper;

GF= Geologic folio.

Alabama: Surface waters................................... W 62-63, 107; G F 175

Underground waters................... B 264, 298; W57,102,114,149; G. F. 175

Artesian waters: Essential conditions.................... A5;B 319; W 44, 67, 114

Bibliographies 1 ........................................... W119,120,163, 416,427

Chemical analyses: 2 Methods and interpretation.. W 151, 236, 259, 274; B 479, 616 

Conservation. ..................................................... W 234, 400a

Debris reports.......................................................... P86,105

Denudation................................................................ P 72

Divining rod.............................................................. W 416

Engineering methods....................................................... P 86,

W1,3, 8,20, 41, 42,43, 56,64,93,94,95,110,143,146,

150,180,187, 200, 257, 337,345e, 371, 375c, ej, 400c, d

Floods........................................................ W 96,147,162,334

Florida: Quality of waters. ........................................... W 319, 364

Surface waters....................................................... W 319

Underground waters......................... B 264, 298; W 57,102,114,149, 319

Georgia: Quality of waters............................................ W 110, 258

Surface waters................................... W 62-63, 197; P 37; G F 187

Underground waters................................... B 138, 264, 298; W 341

India: Irrigation.................................................... A 12; W 87

Ice measurements................................................ W 146,187, 337

Irrigation, general............................... A 12ii, 13iii; W 20, 22, 41, 42, 87

Legal aspects: Surface waters..................................... W 103 152, 238

Underground waters.................................................. W 122

Louisiana: Underground waters............................................ W 101

Mineral springs: Analyses.................................. A 14 ii; B 32; W 364

Origin, distribution, etc.............................................. A 14 ii

Lists.......................................................... B 32; W 114

Mississippi: Surface waters................................................ W 107

Underground waters......................... B 264, 298; W 57,102,114,149,159

Motions of ground waters.......................... A 19 ii; B 319; W 67,110,140,155

North Carolina: Quality............................................... W 258, 364

Surface waters.................... A 10 i; P 37; W 62-63; G F 80, 90, 124, 187

Underground waters........................... B 138, 264, 298; W 110, 114, 149

Pollution: By industrial wastes............................ W179,186,189, 226, 235

By sewage......................................................... W 72, 194

Laws forbidding.................................................. W 103, 152

Indices of........................................................... W 160

Profiles of rivers....................................................... W 44, 115

Sanitation; quality of waters; pollution; sewage irrigation. .................. W 3,

22, 72,103,110,113,114,121,145,152,160,179,

185,186,189,194, 226, 229, 235, 236, 255, 258, 315

Sewage disposal and purification...................... W 3, 22, 72,113,185,194, 229

1 Many of the reports contain brief subject bibliographies. See abstracts.

2. Many analyses of river, spring, and well waters are scattered through publications, as noted in abstracts.
INDEX BY AEEAS AND SUBJECTS. XXVII

South Carolina: Quality........................................ W 258, 364; P 90

Surface waters.......................................... W 62-63, 96; G F 147

Underground waters.............:............-. B 138, 264, 298; W 149; P 90

Underground waters: Legal aspects........................................ W 122

Methods of utilization........................................ W 114,255, 257

Pollution................................................. W 110,145,160, 258

Virginia: Quality.................................................... W 258, 364

Stream pollution................................................. W 236, 258

Surface waters................................. A 10 i; P 37: W 62-63; G F 80

Underground waters................. W 114, 149, 258; B 138, 264, 298; G F 80

Windmill papers............................................... W 1, 8, 20,41,42
INDEX OF STREAMS.

Alabama River, Ala.............

Alcovy River, Ga...............

Amicalola River, Ga.............

Apalachee River, Ga............

Appomattox River, Va...........

Back Creek, Va..................

Banister River, Va...............

Big Sandy Creek, Ala.............

Black Warrior River, Ala.........

Black Warrior River, Locust Fork,

Ala...........................

Black Warrior River, Mulberry

Fork, Ala.....................

Black Warrior River, Sipsey Fork,

Ala...........................

Bogue Chitto, La................

Broad River (of the Carolinas)....

Broad River (of Georgia)..........

Cahaba River, Ala................

Camp Branch, Ala................

Canoochee River, Ga.............

Cape Fear River, N. C............

Cartecay River, Ga..............

Catawba River, N. C., S. C.......

Chattahoochee River, Ga., Ala....

Chattooga River, Ga. ............

Chauga River, S. C. .............

Chestatee River, Ga.............

Chipola River, Fla..............

Choccolocco Creek, Ala. .........

Choctawha tehee River, Ala.......

Clear Creek, Ala..................

Conasauga River, Ga.............

Conecuh River, Ala.............

Coosa River, Ala., Ga. ...........

Coosawattee River, Ga............

Cowpasture River, Va. ....*......

Dan River, N. C., Va.............

Deep River, N. C. ..............

Double Bridges Creek, Ala.......

Ellijay River, Ga.................

Etowah River, Ga. ..............

Flint River, Ga..................

Four Hole Creek, S. C............

Green River, N. C. ..............

Haw River, N. C................

Hillabee Creek, Ala. ............

Ichawaynochaway Creek, Ga......

Jackson River, Va................

James River, Va.................

John River, N. C................

Kinchafoonee Creek, Ga..........

Linville River, N. C. ............

Little Potato (Tobler) Creek, Ga.

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Little Tallapoosa River, Ala....... xi

Locust Fork, Black Warrior River,

Ala........................... xi

Miami canal, Fla................. ix

Middle Oconee River, Ga......... ix

Mill Creek, N. C................. vin

Muckalee Creek, Ga............. x

Mulberry Fork, Black Warrior

River, Ala.................... xi

Neuse River, N. C................ vn

North New River Canal, Fla...... ix

North River, Va.................. vn

Ocmulgee River, Ga.............. ix

Oconee River, Ga................ ix

Oconee River, Middle, Ga....... ix

Ogeechee River, Ga.............. ix

Ohoopee River, Ga............... ix

Oostanaula River, Ga............. x

Pea River, Ala.................. x

Pearl River, Miss................ xi

Peedee River, S. C............... vin

Roanoke River, Va., N. C......... vn

Rockfish Creek, N. C............. vm

Saluda River, S. C.............. vin

Savannah River, S. C., Ga........ vni

Second Broad River, N. C. ...... vin

Seneca River, S. C............... ix

Silver Spring, Fla................ ix

Sipsey Fork, Black Warrior River,

Ala........................... xi

Soque River, Ga................ x

South New River canal, Fla....... ix

South River, Ga.................. ix

Stekoa Creek, Ga................. vm

Suwannee River, Fla............. ix

Sweetwater Creek, Ga. .......... x

Talladega Creek, Ala. ........... x

Tallapoosa River, Ala............. x, xi

Tallapoosa River, Little, Ala. .... xi

Tallulah River, Ga.............. vin

Tar River, N. C.............. '.... vn

Tiger Creek, Ga.................. vm

Tinker Creek, Va................ vn

Tobler (Little Potato) Creek, x

Ga ...........................

Tombigbee River, Miss., Ala...... xi

Towaliga River, Ga.............. ix

Tugaloo River, Ga., S. C.......... vm

Venison Branch, Ala............. xi

Village Creek, Ala................ xi

Wateree River, S. C.............. vm

Williamsons Swamp Creek, Ga.... ix

Yadkin River, N. C.............. vm

Yellow River, Ga................ ix

o