U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

A

I
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS MAP 3425
(SHEET 1 OF 2)

Explanatory pamphlet accompanies map

Figure 3.—Correlation chart of Proterozoic and Paleozoic rocks along cross section A-A' in New York and Pennsylvania. Geologic time scale ages are from Gradstein and others (2004) except as noted. Abbreviations are as follows: Fm., Formation; L, Lower; Ls., Limestone; M, Middle; Ma, mega-annum (million years before present); Mbrs., Members;
Sh., Shale; U, Upper; und., undivided; ?, unknown or questionable.

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Ontario Allegheny '
Lowlands Plateau
province province \
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SEVERNE WATKINS-BEAVER |
POINT FIRTREE DAMS. ALPINE VAN ETTEN 1
ANTICLINE ANTICLINE ANTICLINE ANTICLINE ANTICLINE 1
{ GLENORA { | |
SYNCLINE |
UNNAMED COHOCTON | CORBETT POINT CAYUTA i
SYNCLINE SYNCLINE SYNCLINE SYNCLINE x)
Bend in section Bend in section } Bend in section s
3|
Eq
2
w SE Oatka Genesee NW SE Canisteo NW sw I
Black Creek River Canaseraga River Tuscarora
y Seek { { a Creek | | Creek
iF
MILES 0 10 20 30 © 40 o 50 60 70 80 90 we '
3000-4 f f f f 1 f 4 f f f f f f fn f f 4 f f f f f 4 f f f f f i f 4 f f f f f f f 4 f f i f 4 f f f f f 1 4 f f f f 4 f f f f f 4 f f f f 4
, 1 2 3 4 5 6 \
William Duchscherer, Jr. E.F. Blair and Associates NYS Natural Gas Company E.F. Blair and Associates Bowdoin Storage Service Inc. NYS Natural Gas Company 1
No. 1 J. Klotzbach No. 1L. Tyler No. 1 Albert McClurg No. 1 Arthur N. Kennedy No. 1 Hubbard No. 1 Robert Olin \
| APINo. 31-037-05117 API No. 31-037-04593 API No. 31-051-04552 API No. 31-051-04630 API No. 31-101-21496 API No. 31-101-03924 \
Genesee Co., New York Genesee Co., New York Livingston Co., New York Livingston Co., New York Perrysburg Steuben Co., New York Steuben Co., New York |
Formation vik Sh Dunkirk I
Lo Dunkirk Shale - Shale '
2,000 West River Shale, Nunda Wiscoy Sandstone oe Member Wise maber on? Member Formation ‘Tarnaton \
_ Genundewa Sandstone Member, [fmm ° Pipe Creek snuinnamed ation.
Limestone, Penn Member Shale Member~ <2 Sava Formation Shale Member se mem fa Berrysbura an
Lodi Limestone West River Shale, ava OO a qrmation 6 30a an
1 Memb Genundewa f = RTE aa \ [Ee ot Perrysburg (> M
(undivided) gpGpsnague Sonyea Limestone, Penn oa Funda Sandstone Membe Uunkink Shale Menber pas x2 SS ++ | Formation we Wisco. oMber|
Onondaga Limestone Geneseo Shale Member Formation ‘Yan Shale and > West Hitt ny, ~ ~~ A ‘Dunkirk Siz a ae oN M \
and Bois Blanc Cashaqua Lodi Limestone —— lember a ~~ Shale Memb, Sandstone
7 d Akron Tully Limestone. Shale Member Middlesex Members Eee SANIT er —— Member |
1,000 ii See Dolomite Dolomite —— = 4 Shale Member (undivided) aa Gardeau Shale Member ~ Java Formation ered |
’ ois Bla SS loscow S| rimes Sil ~~ ipe Creek
PRR RS _— SS L Ww Shale iltstone Me Shak a
—— = Z Camis Shale Marceliag SS eeslowille Shale = i Tully Limestone H seaitber ~ West Falls Formation Nu Se |
— SO LZ. __| Salina Group Syracyse sat __~  — =| _— (— 's Shale. Skaneate|, SS __ Hatch Shale Membe, lunda Sang
les Shale 7 — =< Rhinest a Se aaa eC
4 TS j—_ Vernon Shale = => A — —~ lamilton Grou, a ——— Sstt2et Shale Member == anes ~~
— wa == om as — on =
Irondequoit Limestone, | Lockport Group —= — —_ _ — = = —— = Pet Shale a suze Shale Member ——— ~ a
middie unnamed shale iochestér Shale _— = ~~ = SS irs enundewap =
Mean sea level) | Se rg ET —— = Yow —— a A= Sees a ~ — stone = Std Lodi Timetestone Memp=—nd) > a =
(MSL) \ ak x = = = oscon es fone Meeembers (UNS: g = =
= Ludlow jenes, Irmars F
1 Will 80 Sh, TE ‘Mat a . Gardeau Shale, Grimes
Ss wR aneateign Shale ‘ale Member on a = West Falls Formation 2 Siltstone, and Hatch |
J far 88 Shalg ~~ ‘on ~~~ ShaleMembers ~~!
T = — rou| ae as al ~~ (undivided) |
1 axa SS ‘Tho unconformity between the Genesee Formation © _
vm nar aA steoerd, Oa Sau Sates gecuayitnane ane = —~_| tices: sa |
-1,0005 “Ssyi0 alits— . ie Dol inconformity symbol. lale
r a ~ os —Z Joy fale : ~~ pe eeshaqua Shale atte
f= : =a 2 mid Menhalite. / | Grou Syracuse Salt Sonyea embe,.
- as ~S
4 ~ t ... Lorraine Shale : ~~ = = etnamed shaje Tro —= SS = a cenunidewa Limestone jy,
_ = : = — ndequoit Lg 5 = SS imide to UPPEF Devonian 2 ienesee a, Shale Syste Bh eee Ne, ers
aan 2 ao ion Shay = unconformity _—— Ormatio ~~ West RIVE Yan Be Ung >|
~ 4 Ockport G, ~ ‘amillus,Shale. Qe ~ na Pel ap Wy ‘ay lina,
~is> Tae Group A TTT ei = | = eens
2000-4 1 inton G —< yracuse Salt aS — — =Ndlowitle 52!
: SS ' 206 LOU, halite and anhydi lamilton——. ed Sk “Shale ~~,
in —~ 7 Roche, NII Idolomit ‘“ ~Y G ATT Te ‘aneateles = 27
: = = ae ter Shale ~— = I ca a rou a Onondaga Lin, Sle ~!
Bass = ~~ mone ~~ I
4 =a > = —~ _ ~~ {
= ~ —
a ~~ —= BOLIVAR FAULT] —
~~ EM
004 200 = ears > ZZ
TD 3,950 ft POPP p — = yracuse
WAVRORORORANONC ORONO NOROROINONNOROIONG Y ~~ Wego Sa (halite and
RAIA AIS RASA AAAI AD 0 <= 4 Ndston dolce)
4 DASA ANSASSAN SAN SANSA KOASSANSANS ANS ANSASSAN SANS ANS ANSANSAN SANS Ae eaheaheateay b 2 to ~~ =. y Salina Group dolomite)||I} |
CRON ARAR ARORA] ORONO AANA ARORA URORAIN DORA KARAT ORO ROOTS en i |
PASTAS SANSA IAN IAI ANSS LEAN SAN SAN TANIA IAN ANAS SAN IAT AIAN ASSAY DANSE AN ARPANSA NORPRO ~ Lorraine Shale =
SENNA TR ~ > _ |
“ f t t | SSI OT TARE = — =
Baan anaaniatraliatralia Raeanes : = ~fs  _/\vernon shale |
UNNAMED NORTHWEST TRENDING FAULT Ri ee a sem BANA ANAT AIrA NANA AAAS : aa ~ 208 <r Cli = i
7 of Jacobi (2002); may be related to the Georgian Po ards 2002, a dee ie 2002); ny ar A RORANAN CHARAN ARAONO Rie: 00 ~~ = inton =, |
Bay linear zone; negligible vertical displacement omeroy, # and’ “acobl, 2002); sense o| ISIS ESS ISIS LS LS LS LS LS Le ts ~~ = =. a
above the Trenton Group; possibly up to 20 feet throw and amount of vertical displacement are ENDEND ANS ZNS ENS ANS YN ZNO NS ZN TD 5,648 fh 205708 ~ Mea; R igfnon Shale
q ” n Te RSIS Fi ~
5.0001 of vertical displacement below the Utica Shale based on Van Tyne's (1978) cross section C-D NSASSSASANSANSA HUSA NSANSANSANSANSASSASS ATU ~ 8 Grou, = Lockport Groy |
: (R.D. Jacobi, oral commun., 2016) DIRASSASIAS ASSASSINS ANS ANAL ANS ANSANS ANS ANS AISA Sy Ee Rochester Sp, ° )
LEROY FAULT PRR ACCC ACCC NCCC RON fit ~ Zico mma |
of Jacobi (2002) and Rickard (1973); eae aaa Onan OR OOO ROR OR OR OOAS 6 er sa Dolo, pee d share
| possibly up to 75 feet of vertical displace- TTT TOTO Ndstoneute ~ ~
ment down-to-the-southeast below the SANRANEZ SSNS 206 25 Metamorphic and igneous basement n calwey Membe a
Utica Shale; fracture swarms indicate RETSOF FAULT IG Focks of the subsurface extension of the 07 <7. 8 Fy § agg fe orm aor a 7X uncon as Bee
-6,000-| that the fault may continue to the surface of Jacobi (2002); possibly up to ‘15> Grenville province (1,350-950 Mae See ace formity. ~~ =
(R.D. Jacobi, oral commun., 2016) 40 feet of vertical displacement . (Rankin and RULER ee RAR RIOR ORICON ys ~~
down-to-the-northwest below the Utica PTT OPTS . me
Shale; fracture swarms indicate that AAAI ATA RAA ATAU ~ ~~
4 the fault may continue to the surface NASA ASAI ANSANSAI SANS ANS AISA NSAI ~~
(R.D. Jacobi, oral commun., 2016) SELLS IIS ISIS ISIS IG ISD :
SINISE INNES NY —
, es Oo: Sand:
-7,0005 ~ TM“s TM Iswego Sandstone |
> |
~~ » oo oo |
4 tee . |
a i |
EXPLANATION See Lorraine Shale ~~
MOR ~~ a,
-8,000-] SEDIMENTARY ROCKS LITHOLOGIC MODIFIERS OTHER SYMBOLS aATanaaniceers Onn |
Dominant Lithology (Used in conjunction with dominant lithology) aiieaananaieaanirns: 10
; ; . - ; ; ISIN INSINSINS NS AB 10,051 ft
J Red conglomeratic sandstone (litharenite) Sandy Contact—Dashed where inferred; bentonite beds shown in red PeeROn ORR ORORORORORORIRORONG
PP OPP OTR
Sandstone = silty Informal marker bed—Dashed where inferred ASASAT ASAT ASA ASA ASDA ENA SENS
aon] ns Sandstone marker bed ERRNO
‘ Siltstone ~_— | Argillaceous, gray and (or) green . ; : UNNAMED FAULTS ANA ra ana ra D
Arbitrary lateral boundary of rock-stratigraphic unit FEET METERS of Jacobi (2002); may be the western “< “REN ne Reh ne nS panes atlanta
4 Red sandstone R Argillaceous, red shale were _—s Unconformity 2000 5 extensions of the Glodes Corners Road OSIRIA
graben faults and Muck Farm graben SON
Red shale = =] Coal bearin: Normal fault—Dashed where inferred; arrow shows relative movement 1750 4 faults that are 10 to 20 miles east of
= ig Normal fault with later episodes of tion (nvers L500 cross section Aa vertical displacement Galway Formation
10,000-] Dark black sha Anbua jormal fault with later episodes of reverse motion (inversion) 4500 4 and vertical extent are unknown BAS) ‘ ;
‘ark gray to black shale / inhydritic ISRLAR ASAT ATA
gray y _+“— Thmsst or bedding plane fault of the Alleghanian orogeny 1280 4 < RES
AAA a i *
J Gray and (or) green shale Cherty = Gamma-ray log curve—Units and scales vary; see appendix 2 in explanatory pamphlet 1000
--250 BOLIVAR FAULT SYSTEM CALC AOAC AVOACSANOACSAN SANSA SS ANGANSANOAGS
a 750 4 PPT
Limestone —. | Calcareous Dry well 50 of Jacobi (2002); fault in the Silurian salt ARON IRIR IRON IRIRORONRIROROR CE
1000-4 — 500 4 may lie above a deeper fault that affects LSS EAP ES ES EE EE ET ES EO
. Dolomite a Dolomitic Gas well Precambrian basement (R.D. Jacobi, oral rary POTS
250 4 MILES commun., 2016); vertical displacement ANS ANS ASSANSAN SANS ANS ANSANSANS ANS ANS ANSASSANS
Total depth 5 10 and vertical extent are unknown SERRA AAAI AIA IIIA
] Halite IGNEOUS AND METAMORPHIC ROCKS P 0 L L, L ! 4 AAA AAA ALS
— Limestone 0 5 15 KILOMETERS AAA ANAS ANS AIAN AN SANSA NSANS ANS ANS ANS)
Bentonite bed P<°<24] Granite and (or) gneiss KEUKA LAKE SPLAY FAULT SISA
RAnan Sandstone Vertical exaggeration approximately 16X of Jacobi (2002) (not shown OAR ORIN ORIRORIRORIRORORO)
12,000) above on cross section); may SAAR A AAA AT ATA ATA 3
Members affect Precambrian basement; POTTS eis
vertical displacement and Ra ORORORORORORONG One
Formation vertical extent are unknown 4 MISTS ISSR IS REET
| undivided LAWRENCE-ATTICA LINEAMENT ISAS ES SSS IB ES
of Jacobi (2002) (not shown above on ; TAD) A
cross section due to the complexity from Peal) Alan etree) Treen eet
13,000 both regional dip and two anticline i OOO ORR ORe!
syncline pairs); southeast extension of the RES GISIGIS
Attica-Lockport and Folsomdale faults; alas RRA
may be a northwest striking monocline * AAAS!
| and (or) fault; the Onondaga Limestone Vann)
may have a vertical displacement of at "eased
least 150 meters to the southwest; only MM
v.00 affects units above the Salina Formation ROME TROUGH NORTHWEST-BOUNDARY FAULT \
“ (R.D. Jacobi, oral commun., 2016) of Beardsley and Cable (1983), Harper (1989), and Jacobi !
(2002); southeast side downthrown (M.S. Cable, written !
Vall d Rid . commun., 1990); amount of vertical displacement is '
4 . . . alley and Ridge province unknown. The Kane Arch (named by Ryder, 1992) is to !
Ontario Lowlands province Allegheny Plateau province ity hi
p gneny Pp (southeast of Jersey Shore fault) the northwest and follows the Kane gravity high of
iment and others
+ . . |
i ae Tioga, Potter, and Clinton Clinton and Lycomin
15,0005 InternationallE North | ional North North American | Genesee County, New York | Livingston County, New York | Steuben County, New York ga, F ; | y' 9 '
System!" ena iona wropean American nternationa American — sequences modified (including drill holes 1-2) (including drill holes 3-4) (including drill holes 5-6) Counties, Pennsylvania Counties, Pennsylvania 1
i a rom Sloss - Z including drill holes 7— including drill hole
eries eries eries Stage St e f | 1 Including ari joles Inciuaing art oles Including ari joles ( lud drill hol 7-9) ( ludi drill hole 10) 1
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: Upper > Autunian, >a Gzhelian . |s |
SS Stephanian Missourian Kasimovian Ab k . Sc|= | j
16,000 a Middle Desmoinesian Moscovian saroka legheny Formation as s
-16000-| eS Westphalian Atokan eSle!
o -———— 14 S| o |
a7 Lower Morrowan Bashkirian a> = |
2) ‘ on |
4 3 Upper Namurian Chesterian Serpukhovian Lower Pennsylvanian unconformity, 2 5 \
g 2 1
17,000 6 6 7 }
, 2 Middle Meramecian Visean Kaskaskia 8 3
g ' 5) 3F |
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7 Osagean Burgoon Sandstone |
o
Lower Tournaisian 2
-18,0004 Kinderhookian a |
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4 Chautauquan Famennian
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ry |
oO
Upper a |
19,000 West Falls | <x Nunda Sandstone, West Hil, Gardeau Sha 8 \
c : Kaskaskia Formation, |StmesSitstone, end Hetch Sale Members (un c '
o Senecan Frasnian 1 ua Shale Member IL & \
rr di Genesee lint Geagen een ggetiod a ba] erase ma 5 i
| $ 5
o “Te i i i: [ao]
a Evian’) Tostmogian? Givetian a |g !
Middle sastenawiany Eifelian Onondaga Limestone — — — z '
20,000 i Se a 5 \
gy [Saat Emsian Pon point RE nae EET Eee |_|
© | Deer Park? Pragian Bois Blane Formation — a ee ee ee 5 ;
xe) Lower S Lower to Middle Devonian Lower to Middle Devonian = |
4 g|e 2 | Helderberg Lochkovian Wallbridge unconformity Wallbridge unconformity 8 |
O|N Akron 1
s 8 + unnamed [Camillus Shale, Akron Dolomite, syracuse Salt, _|-a"llus Shale and Dolomite — !
3 idoli 415 = = = o
noo &\f Pridoli Cayugan g Ludfordian. Tippecanoe = = = FS = = = : Q| fl
oO c Ludlow $s Gorsti II srnon Shale’ Salina Group’ fernon Shal ‘Salina Group’ ron Shale Salina Group’ Vernon c Q |
2 Wenlock Hometen Lockport Group Lockport Group Lockport Group £4 \
3 enloc! Niagarant {+ Sheinwoodian clinton Rochester Shale Rochester Shale Clinton Rochester Shale Rochester Member Rochester Member 2 is !
4 = ra zi Kesler = \
n g Telychian Grou; a == i i n
Llandovery 2 y See = ° <a == Mazo bill Romney _ =| 3 !
= |. Aeronian/Rhuddanian Medina Group SoBe Se ne le a Thereld Sandstone ‘Tuscarora Formation : [Tuscarora Formation
-22,0004 a _ inantian jamaghian Cherokee unconformi on Gherckes unconformity | Cherokee unconformi herokee unconformity
72,000 Ashgillian Cincinnatian H u Aigmondan |
i Edenian. = S
Katian® chats g| '
Upper . field-|__Kirkfieldiay Py 1
4 Caradocian Mohawkian ian_[" Rocklandian’ Tippecanoe s
c Sandbian$ [Turin Blackriveran5 ! 5
o
& = LA 1
3 ; Llanvirnian iterocki Darriwilian 2 |S 1
23,0004 2 Middle Whiterockian wil Bellefonte Formation (upper part) 3 (|S i
Dapingian® Bellefonte Formation] Bellefonte Formation (upper part) Ss 5S
z Arenigian (conse pans : 2 F
fo} Floiané Bellefonte Formation (lower part) |
i Beekmant: 5
4 Knox unconformity Knox unconformity Knox unconformity See g !
Lower Ibexian . 2 !
Tremadocian Tremadocian A interbedded ss. and a |
Little Falls dolo., and A dolo. und) Larke Formation Larke Formation i
24,000-1 Dolomite ee ret Mines Dolomite Member, Mines Dolomite Member.
“ L Tr i 2 upper sandstone member. = Tine Falls De i ry rn ry z ra '
5 4 unnamed rempealeauan: SE ‘upper sandstone member f ‘A sandstone. == Upper sandy member per sandy member oS \
Furongian | & a Franconian2 i Galway Fi i i re ry
a Croixian2 ee, a Galway Formation alway Formation Galway Formation B sandstone Tower sandy member 2 a! |
> : Paibian ‘ Dresbachian2 sae [>|
7 ne: =
Middle unnamed xs |
S Albertan? ierbudded c ls
2 nd dole : s |2 \
-25,0004 = Potsdam Sandstone. = 1
2 ‘Tomstown Formation 2
€ ‘Antietam Forma €
é Basal Cambrian unconformity Basal Cambrian unconformity Basal Cambrian unconformity & |s '
| Lower Waucoban2 2 '
Basal Cambrian unconformity Basal Cambrian unconformity 4
26,000 |
———
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2 2 \
8 N !
° ° H
2 2
g 8
2 2 !
Qa a |
fe}
oO 8 !
Zz 3 |
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3 RYRAYMOPIALN LPL DOIN LIVIN NLL ILINOINOL LOL NOLO NOL LIPIN NAPOLI INOS SOL NOKOPNOLLL PIN INL YALL IYO NLP LOLS xe} !
° RASTA AAA AAA A AAA AA AANA AN AAA AS AAA AAAI RANA ASAIO AAS AAA AAA AAACN EST '
2 PORTO ATOR OORT TNT POPS ROCA ARRAN AREAS OK PERRO HORROR RRB
® ORRIN ICAANGAN IOANCANCANTANTANTANGANGA ORCI ORORONRONONGANCANCACACATCANSATOANS IOAN WOANCINCANCANS VOARCANCANCARCANCAUCANCALCANCALCALCANGALS 1
.— PEEP OPO OPO OPO OOTP OPO PONIES POTN ON OP OPO OPO PO OOP NO S
3° Pereaneanracanr aan a ncaa ita cantana ana tanta tata aean LTE NOS SENS ENT ENS ENS ESS ENE ES EE EES LP EE NO A ES A EE EEN ENE EN EE YO 1
alo OA AAA ROOTS POM Metamorphic and igneous 3) 4h AAA AA RAURAIURARCUN I i |
3 NORIO OSA INOS AS ANOAN ANSARI ANOATANS 629829 \52) basement rocks of the subsurface /.< 4°". RST OTSI ORISA SANS 8 i
8 ASA ANS ANSASSAN SANS ANTS SANSA SANS ANS IAN DANSA SANS AN SANSA Saez \<2 extension of the Grenville province: \.4<7, SRSA ISAS PAA ANANDA SAN SANS AISA 2 '
Db RIN ANONANANANATARANAHANAIAQKONANOHARARORAN DIA IAT A1,350-950 Ma) 2 LORORORONALCHORCHORAKORARORGROROROIORA ® 1
2 SR RIS RAPIST OTS ISISAISISS (Rankin and others, 1993) 929/95 PS Re RPO i)
a RATT A KAKA K KREUK ON [AKAN RR RUN RS DRADRAD RAIA ATARI RA ATI IURUIAUN I RAAT! AAA AANA a \
s ‘Heckel and Clayton (2006). ‘Brett and others (1995). S '
?Harland and others (1990). ®Webby (1995). \
3Ver Straeten and Brett (2006). ‘International Commission on Stratigraphy (2014). i
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Ages are for boundaries only. There is no uniform scale for this chart.
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ZUSGS

science for a changing world

GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION A-A’ THROUGH THE APPALACHIAN BASIN FROM THE SOUTHERN MARGIN OF THE ONTARIO LOWLANDS PROVINCE,

GENESEE COUNTY, WESTERN NEW YORK, TO THE VALLEY AND RIDGE PROVINCE, LYCOMING COUNTY, NORTH-CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA

Michael H. Trippi, Robert T. Ryder, and Catherine B. Enomoto

By

2019

Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does,
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government

For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Box 25286, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225;
http:/store.usgs.gov; 1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747)

Suggested citation: Trippi, M.H., Ryder, A.T., and Enomoto, C.B., 2019, Geologic cross section A-A’
through the Appalachian basin from the southern margin of the Ontario Lowlands province, Genesee
County, western New York, to the Valley and Ridge province, Lycoming County, north-central
Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3425, 2 sheets, 74-p. pamphlet,
https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3425.

ISBN 978-1-4113-4284-2

Ne

8141 0

ISSN 2329-1311 (print)
2} Printed on recycled paper ISSN 2329-132X (online)