DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIORFRANKLIN K~ LANE, Secretary 

. UNITED· STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director 

Watet-Supply Paper 437 

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES 

1916 

PART VII. LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer 

ROBERT FOLLANSBEE, District Engineer 

WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1918 
ADDITIONAL COPIES 

OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM 

THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

AT 

10 CENTS PER COPY 

!::. 
CONTENTS. 

Page. 

Authorization and scope of work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 

Definition of terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 

Convenient equivalents .................................... ____ .. __ ...... 7 

Explanation of data ................................ _ ... _ ..... ~ . . . . . . . . . . . 9 

Accuracy of field data and computed results ...... _. ___ ... _ ...... __ ... _..... 10 

Cooperation •..................................................... _ .... _.. 11 

Division of work ............................. _ ... __ .......... ___ .. _ ..... _ . 12 

Gaging-station records ................................................. _.. 12 

Arkansas River basin ••...................................... ____ . . . . 12 

East Fork of Arkansas River near Leadville, Colo ...... _ ......... _ _ 12 

Arkansas River at Granite, Colo ............................. _..... 14 

Arkansas River at Salida, Colo ............................ _ . . . . . . . 15 

Tennessee Fork near Leadville, Colo ........................... _.. 17 

Cottonwood Creek below Hot Springs, near Buena Vista, Colo .... _ _ _ 18 

Chalk Creek (upper station) near St. Elmo, Colo .............. _..... 20 

Chalk Creek near St. Elmo, Colo ................................. _. 22 

South Fork of Arkansas River at Poncha, Colo ....... _.............. 23 

Poncha Creek at Poncha, Colo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 

West Beaver Creek near Victor, Colo............................... 26 

Boehmer Creek near Pikes Peak, Colo ........................... _.. 27 

Little Beaver Creek near Pikes Peak, Colo.......................... 29 

Sackett Creek near Pikes Peak, Colo .................. _ ......... -.· 31 

Lion Creek near Halfway, Colo................................... 32 

Sheep Creek near Halfway, Colo ........... _ ... ___ ... _. _______ ._._. 35 

South Ruxton Creek, near Halfway, Colo........................... 37 

Cabin Creek near Halfway, Colo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 

Red River basin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 

Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 

Little Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla ...... _._........... 45 

Evaporation station near Lawton, Okla ............... ___ ........... 47 

Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 

Appendix-Gaging stations and publications relating to water resources....... I 

ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Page. 

PLATE I. A, Price current meters; B, Typical gaging station............... 10 

II. Water-stage recorders: A, Stevens; B, Gurley printing; C, Friez..... 11 

3 

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, 1916. 

AUTHORIZATION AND SCOPE OF WORK. 

This volume is one of a series of 14 reports presenting results of 

measurements of flow made on streams in the United States during 

the year ending September 30, 1916. 

The data presented in these reports were collected by the United 

States Geological Survey under authority implied in the organic law 

(20 Stat. L., p. 394), which contains the following paragraph: 

Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the Geological 

Survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of the national domain. 

The work was begun in 1888 in connection with special studies of 

water supply for irFigation. Since the fiscal year ending June 30, 

1895, successive sundry civil bills passed by Congress have carried 

the following item and appropriations: 

For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, and 

for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, and for the preparation of reports upon the best methods oi utilizing the water resources. 

Annual appropriations for the fiscal years ending June 80, 1895-1917. 

1895.--.-------.-... -.------.----------.-.----.--- .... -.....•.•.. $12, 500 

1896 .•.. -- ............. ----- ... ------------.-------.-.-----.. 20,000 

1897 to 1900, inclusive..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50, 000 

1901 to 1902, inclusive..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100, 000 

1903 to 1906, inclusive ................... ~ . ~................. 200, 000 

1907 --·------····· ... -- .. --.- ........... -.-- ...... - ....... -.- 150,000 

1908 to 1910, inclusive............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100, 000 

1911 to 1917, inclusive ....................................... 150, 000 

In the execution of the work many private and State organizations 

have cooperated, either by furnishing data or by assisting in collecting data. Acknowledgements for cooperation of the first kind are 

made in connection with the description of each station affected; 

cooperation of the second kind is acknowledged on page 11. 

Measurements of stream flow have been made at about 4,100 points 

in the United States and also at many points in Alaska and the 

Hawaiian Islands. In July, 1916, 1,290 gaging stations were being 

n1aintained by the Survey and the cooperating organizations. Many 

miscellaneous discharge measurements were made at other points. 

5 
6 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART Vtf. 

In connection with this work data were also collected in regard 

to precipitation, evaporation, storage reservoirs, river profiles, and 

water power in many sections of the country and will be made 

available in the regular water-supply papers from time to time. 

Information in regard to publications relating to water resources is 

presented in the appendix to this report. 

DEFINITION OF TERMS. 

The volume of water flowing in a stream-the "run-off" or ''discharge" -is expressed in various terms, each of which has become 

associated with a certain class of work. These terms may be divided 

into two groups-(1) those that represent a rate of ffow, as secondfeet, gallons per minute, miner's inches, and discharge in secondfeet per square mile, and (2) those that represent the actual quantity 

of water, as run-off in depth in inches; acre-feet, and millions of 

cubic feet. The principal terms used in this series of reports are 

second-feet, second-feet per square mile, run-off in inches, acre-feet, 

and millions of cubic feet. They may be defined as follows: 

"Second-feet" is an abbreviation for "cubic feet per second." 

A second-foot is the rate of discharge of water flowing in a channel 

of rectangular cross-section 1 foot wide and 1 foot deep at an average 

velocity of 1 foot per second. It is generally used as a fundamental 

unit from which others are computed by the use of the factors given 

in the tables' of convenient equivalents (pp. 7-9). 

"Second-feet per square n1ile" is the average number of C"!J.bic 

feet of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, 

on the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly both as 

regards time and area. 

"Run-off depths in inches" is the depth to which an area would 

be covered if all the water flowing from it in a given period were 

uniformly distributed on the surface. It is used for comparing runoff with rainfall, which is usually expressed in depth of inches. 

An "acre-foot," equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet, is the quantity 

required to cover an acre to the depth of 1 foot. The term is commonly used in connection with storage for irrigation. 

"Millions of cubic feet" is applied to quantities of water stored in 

reservoirs, most frequently in connection with studies of flood 

control. 

The following terms not in common use are here defined: 

"Stage-discharge relation," an abbreviation for the term "relation of gage height to discharge." 

"Control," a term used to designate the section or sections of the 

stream below the gage which determine the stage-discharge relation 

at the gage. It should be noted that the control may not be the 

same section or sections at all stages. 
CONVENIENT EQUIVALENTS. 'l 

The "point of zero flow" for a given gaging station is that point 

on the gage-the gage height-to which the surface of the river 

would fall if there were no flow. 

CONVENIENT EQUIVALENTS. 

The following is a list of convenient equivalents for use in hydraulic 

computations: 

Table for converting discharge in second-feet per square mile into run-o if in depth in inches over the area. 

Discharge Run-off (depth in inches). 

(second-feet 

per square 

mile). 1 day. 28 days. 29 days. 30 days. 31 days. 

------------

1 .•..•.... 0.03719 1.041 1.079 1.116 1.153 2 ••....•.. .07438 2.083 2.157 2.231 2.306 

3 •.•...... .11157 3.124 3.236 3.347 3.459 4 ..••••.•. .14876 4.165 4.314 4.463 4.612 

5 ..•••.... .18595 5.207 5.393 5.578 5. 764 6 .••..•••. • 22314 6.248 6.471 6.694 6. 917 7 •.•••••.. .26033 7.289 7.550 7. 810 8. 070 

8. •··•···· .29752 8.331 8. 628 8.926 9. 223 

9 •••...... .33471 9.372 9. 707 10.041 10.376 

NoTE.-For part of a month multiply the run-off for 1 day by the number of days. 

Table for converting discharge in second-feet into run-o if in ac:re-jeet. 

Discharge Run-off (acre-feet). 

(second28 days.j29 days. 30 days.,31 days. feet). 1 day. 

1 ......... 1.983 55.54 57.52 59.50 61.49 2 ......... 3.967 111.1 •115.0 119.0 123.0 

3 ......... 5.950 166.6 172.6 178.5 184.5 4 ......... 7. 934 222. 1 230.1 238.0 246.0 

5 ......... 9.917 277.7 287.6 297.5 307.4 6 ......... 11.90 333.2 345. 1 357.0 368.9 7 ......... 13.88 388.8 402.6 416.5 430.4 

'8 •••.•..•• 15.87 444.3 460.2 476.0 491.9 

9 .•....... 17.85 499.8 517.7 535.5 553.4 

NoTE.-For part of a month multiply the run-off for 1 day by the number of days. 

Table for converting discharge in second-feet into run-off in millions oj cubic feet. 

Discharge Run-off (millions of cubic feet). . (secondfeet). 1 day. 28 days. 29 days. 30 days. 31 days. 

-------------

1 ......... 0.0864 2. 419 2.506 2. 592 2. 678 2 .....•... .1728 4. 838 5.012 5.184 5.356 

3 ..•...... .2592 7.257 7.518 7. 776 8. 034 4 ......... .3456 9.676 10.02 10.37 10.71 

5 ......... .4320 12.10 12.53 12.96 13.39 6 ......... .5184 14.51 15.04 15.55 16.07 7 ... · ...... .6048 16.93 17.54 18. 14 18.75 

8 ......... .6912 19.35 20.05 20.74 21.42 

9 •.•.•.... • 7776 21.77 22.55 23.33 24.10 

NoTE.-For part of a month multiply the run-off for 1 day by the numbei: of days. 
8 SURFACE WATER. SUPPLY, 1916, PART '\fit. 

Tablejor converting di8chmge in second-feet into run.:ojfin millions of gallons. 

Discharge Run-off (millions of gallons). 

(second) 

feet). 1day. 28days. 29 days. 30 days. 31 days. 

------------ 1. ........ 0.6463 18.10 18.74 19.39 20.04 

2 ..... ---- 1.293 36.20 'n-48 38.78 40.08 

3 ......... 1. 939 54.30 56.22 58.17 60.12 

4 ......... 2. 585 72.40 74.96 77.56 80.16 5 ......... 3.232 90.50 93.70 96.95 100.2 6 ......... 3.878 108.6 112.4 116.3 120.2 7 ......... 4.524 126.7 131.2 135.7 140.3 

8 ......... 5.171 144.8 149.9 155.1 160.3 

9 ......... 5. 817 162.9 168.7 174.5 180.4 

N OTE.-For part of a month multiply the run-off for 1 day by the number of days. 

Table for converting velocity injeet'per second into velocity in miles per hour. 

[1 foot per second= 0.681818 mile per hour, or two-thirds mile per hour, ve_ry nearly; 1 mile per hour= 1.4666 

feet per second. In computing the table the values 0.68182 and 1.4667 were used.] 

1 second-foot equals 40 California miner's inches (law of Mar. 23, 1901). 

1 second-foot equals 38.4 Colorado miner's inches. 

1 second-foot equals 40 Arizona miner's inches. 

1 second-foot equals 7.48 United States gallons per second; equals 448.8. gallons per 

minute; equals 646,317 gallons for one day. 

1 second-foot for one year (365 days) covers 1 square mile 1.131 feet, or 13.572 inches 

deep. 

1 second-foot for one year (365 days) equals 31,536,000 cubic feet. 

1 second-foot equals about 1 acre- inch per hoQ.r. 

1 second-foot for one year (365 days) equals 724 acre-feet. 

1 second-foot for one day equals 86,400 cubic feet. 

1,000,000,000 (1 United States billion) cubic feet equals 11,570 second-feet for one 

day. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 414 second-feet for one 28-day month. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 399 second-feet for one 29-day month. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 386 second-feet for one 30-day month. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 373 second-feet for one 31-day month. 

100 California miner's inches equals 18.7 United States gallons per second. 

100 California miner's inches for one day equals 4.96 acre-feet. 

100 Colorado miner's inches equals 2.60 second-feet. 

100 Colorado miner's inches equals 19.5 United States gallons per second. 

100 Colorado miner's inches for one day equals 5.17 acre-feet. 

100 United States gallons per minute equals 0.223 second-foot. 
EXPLANATION OF DATA. 

100 United States gallons per minute for one day equals 0.442 acre-foot. 

1,000,000 United States gallons per day equals 1.55 second-feet. 

1,000,000 United States gallons equals 3.07 acre-feet. 

1,000,000 cubic feet equals 22.95 acre-feet. 

1 acre-foot equals 325,850 gallons. 

1 inch deep on 1 square mile equals 2,323,200 cubic feet. 

1 inch deep on 1 square mile equals 0.0737 second-foot per year. 

1 foot equals 0.3048 meter. 

1 mile equals 1.60935 kilometers. 

1 mile equals 5,280 feet. 

1 acre equals 0.4047 hectare. 

1 acre equals 43,560 square feet. 

1 acre equals 209 feet square, nearly. 

1 square mile equals 2.59 square kilometers. 

1 cubic foot equals 0.0283 cubic meter. 

1 cubic foot of water weighs 62.5 pounds. 

1 cubic meter per minute equals 0.5886 second-foot. 

1 horsepower equals 550 foot-pounds per second. 

1 horsepower equals 76.0 kilogram-meters per second. 

1 horsepower equals 746 watts. 

1 horsepower equals 1 second-foot falling 8.80 feet. 

1! horsepower equals about 1 kilowatt. . 

9 

Second-feetXfall in feet t To calculate water power quckly: 11 =ne horsepower on 

water wheel realizing 80 per cent of theoretical power. 

EXPLANATION OF DATA. 

The data presented in this report cover the year beginning October 

1, 1915, and ending September 30, 1916.· At the 1st of January, in 

most parts of the United States much of the precipitation in the 

preceding three months is stored as ground water, in the form of 

snow, or ice, or in ponds, lakes, and swamps, and this stored water 

passes off in the streams during the spring bread-up; at the end of 

September, on the other hand, the only stored water available for 

run-off is possibly a small quantity in the ground; therefore the runoff for the year beginning October 1 is practically all derived from 

precipitation within that year. 

The base data collected at gaging stations consist of records of 

stage, measurements of discharge, and general information used to 

supplement the gage heights and discharge measurements in determining the daily flow. The records of stage are obtained either from 

direct readings on a staff gage or from a water-stage recorder that 

gives a continuous record of the fluctuations. Measurements of discharge are made with a current meter by the general methods outlined in standard textbooks on the measurement of river discharge. 

(See Pls. I and II.) 

From the discharge measurements rating tables ~re prepared that 

give the discharge for any stage, and these rating tables, when applied 
10 SUkFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART Vtl. 

to the gage heights, give the daily discharge from which the monthly 

and yearly mean discharge is determined. 

The data presented for each gaging station in the area covered by 

this report comprise a description of the station, a table giving result.s 

of discharge measurements, a table showing the daily discharge of 

the stream, and a table of monthly and yearly discharge and run-off. 

If the base data are insufficient to determine the daily discharge, 

tables giving daily gage heights and results of discharge measurements 

are published. 

The description of the station gives, in addition to statements 

regarding loeation and equipment, information in regard to any conditions that may affect the constancy of the stage-discharge relation, 

covering such subjects as the occurrence of ice, the use of the stream 

for log driving, shifting of channel, and the cause and effect of backwater; it gives also information as to diversions that decrease the 

flow at the gage, artificial regulation, maximum and minimum 

recorded stages, and the accuracy of the records. 

The t.able of daily discharge gives the discharge in second-feet 

~orresponding to the mean of the' gage heights read each day. At 

stations on streams subject to sudden or rapid diurnal fluctuation 

the discharge obtained from the rating table and the mean daily 

gage height may not be the true mean discharge for the day. If such 

stations are equipped with water-stage recorders the mean daily discharge may be obtained by weighting discharge for parts of the day. 

In the table of monthly discharge the column headed "Maximum" 

gives the mean flow for the day when the mean gage height was 

highest. As the gage height is the mean for the day it does not indicate correctly the stage when the water surface was at crest height 

and the corresponding discharge was consequently larger than given 

in the maximum column. Likewise, in the column headed "Minimum," the quantity given is the mean flow for the day when the 1uean 

gage height was lowest. The column headed ":Mean" is the average 

flow in cubic feet for each second during the month. On this average 

flow computations recorded in the remaining columns, which are 

defined on page 6, are based. 

ACCURACY OF FIELD DATA AND COMPUTED RESULTS. 

The accu,racy of '!stream-flow data depends primarily (1) on the 

permanency of the stage-discharge relation and (2) on the accuracy 

of observation of stage, measurements of flow, and interpretation of 

records. 

A paragraph in the description of the station or footnotes added 

to the tables gives information regarding the (1) permanence of the 

stage-discharge relation, (2) precision with which the discharge rating 

curve is defined, (3) refinement of gage readings, (4) frequency of 
U. S . GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER·SUPPLY PAPER 437 PLATE I 

A. PRICE CURRENT METERS. 

B. TYPICAL GAGING STATION. 
·;. e. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 487 PLATE II 

A. STEVENS. B. GURLEY PRINTING. C. FRIEZ 

WATER-STAGE RECORDERS. 
11 

gage readings, and (5) methods of applying daily gage heights to the 

rating table to obtain the daily discharge.1 

For the rating curves "well defined" indicates, in general, that the 

rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent; "fairly well defined," 

within 10 per cent; "poorly defined," within 15 to 25 per cent. 

These notes are very general and are based on the plotting of the 

individual measurements with reference to the mean rating curve. 

The monthly means for any station may represent with high 

accuracy the quantity of water flowing past the gage, but the figures 

showing discharge per square mile and depth of run-off in inches 

may be subject to gross errors caused by the inclusion of large noncontributing districts in the m~asured drainage area, by lack of 

information concerning water diverted for irrigation or other use, 

or by inability to interpret the effect of artificial regulation of the 

flow of the river above the station. "Second-feet per square mile" 

and "run-off (depth in inches)" are therefore not computed if such 

errors appear probable. The computation~ are also omitted for 

stations on streams draining areas in which the annual rainfall is 

less than 20 inches. AU figures representing" second-feet per square 

mile" and "run-off (depth in inches)" previously published by the 

survey should be used with caution because of possible inherent 

sources of error not known to the survey. 

The table of monthly discharge gives only a general idea of the 

flow at the station and should not be used for other than preliminary 

estimates; the tables of daily discharge allow more detailed studies 

of the variation in flow. It should be borne in mind, however, that 

the observations in each succeeding year may be expected to throw 

new light on data previously published. 

COOPERATION. 

In Colorado the State engineer paid the observers on Arkansas 

River at Granite and Salida. The United States Forest Service furnished readings on South Fork of Arkansas River and Poncha Creek 

at Poncha, and winter readings on East Fork of Arkansas River and 

Tennessee Fork near Leadville. 

The Arkansas Valley Railway, Light & Power Co. furnished complete records for West Beaver Creek near Victor. 

Mr. B. B. McReynolds, superintendent of the water department, 

Colorado Springs, furnished records of flow of streams in the Pikes 

Peak region. 

The United States Reclamation Service paid for the maintenance 

of the stations on Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla., and Little Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla., and at the Evaporation 

station in Lawton Reservoir, Okla. 

1 For a more detailed discussion of the accuracy of stream-flow data, see Grover, N.C., and Hoyt, J. C., 

Accuracy olstream-fiow data: U.S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 400, pp. 53-59, 1916. 
12 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART vn. 

DIVISION OF WORK. 

The data were collected and prepared for publication under the 

direction of Robert Follansbee, by W. R. King, T. J. Watkins, H. W. 

Fear, P. V. Hodges, H. K. Smith, and J. H. Baily. 

The manuscript was r~viewed by H. J. Deal).. 

GAGING-STATION RECORDS. 

ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 

EAST FORX OF ARKANSAS RIVER NEAR LEADVILLE, COLO. 

LocATION.-In sec. 16, T. 9 S., R. 80 W., at highway bridge about 200 yards above 

mouth of Tennessee Fork, 3 miles northwest of Leadville, in Lak~ County. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-52 square miles (measured on topographic map). 

RECORDs AVAILABLE.-April25 to August 31, 1890; June 18 to September 29, 1903; 

June 5, 1911, to September 30, 1916. 

GAGE.-Vertical staff on left bridge abutment, near upstream end; read by Fred 

Coquoz. No known relation between present gage and gages used prior to 1911. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS.-Made from bridge or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND coNTROL.-Channel composed of coarse gravel and small boulders. 

Control 30 feet downstream from gage; practically permanent. Banks low and 

subject to overflow at extremely high water. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE.-Maximum stage recorded during year, 1.3 feet June 12 

(discharge, 328 second-feet); minimum discharge recorded, 7 second-feet April 

3 and 14; actual minimum may have occurred during winter months when observations are discontinued. 

IcE.-Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice; observations discontinued 

during winter months. 

DivERSIONs.-The Leadville Water Co. makes a continuous diversion of 2 second-feet 

from the East Fork above the station. During the winter months this diversion 

may be increased to 3 second-feet. 

REGULATION.-None. 

AccuRACY.-Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; affected by ice during 

winter. Rating curve well defined between 10 and 250 second-feet. Gage read 

to quarter-tenths twice daily. Owing to high altitude of drainage area {9,700 

feet), alternate melting and freezing at certain seasons probably causes considerable diurnal fluctuation, and mean daily gage heights based on morning and 

evening readings may be somewhat in error. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage heights to rating table. Results good. 

The following discharge measurement was made by W. R. King: 

June 10, 1916: Gage height, 1.01 feet; discharge, 193 second-feet. 
AR~NSAS RIVER BASIN. 13 

Daily discharge, in second1eet, of East Fork of Arkansas River near Leadville, Colo., for 

the year ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

Day. Oct. Nov. Apr. M;ay. June. July. Aug. Sept. 

---------- 1. ...... -... --.-.--- ... -... -.- ... - ... 23 20 35 191 82 75 82 2 .................................... 25 22 35 212 82 99 82 3 .................................... 25 28 23 251 55 91 79 4 •.•................................. 25 27 23 274 43 72 75 5.-. ~ .... -........................ -.. 28 23 25 225 62 84 59 

6 .................................... 27 28 32 153 49 91 53 

7 •........ ··························· 23 32 82 191 34 104 55 8 .................................... 22 34 172 216 35 88 49 9 .•.................................. 21 ................ ........... 183 256 59 99 38 10 .................................... 20 ................ ................. 199 274 82 91 48 

11. ..... -............................. 18 ................ ................ 172 279 99 75 49 

12 ......... ·······················•·•• 17 ................ ............... 161- 328 110 62 43 13 .................................... 17 ............... ................ 161 270 99 66 48 14 •...............................••.. 18 7 161 274 117 99 48 15 .................................... 16 ............... .............. 161 242 110 93 32 

16 •............. -....................• 15 ................ -------- 146 251 99 75 38 

17: ..... ········ ····················•• 18 ................ ................ 146 225 84 60 41 

18 •..... ····························•• 22 ............... ................ 161 172 99 66 68 19 ...................... ·············• 25 ............... ................ 161 199 88 66 62 20 ••..............................•..• 28 ................. -------- 114 191 93 55 59 

21. ... -... - .... -.. --- .......... -.- ..•• 32 .............. -----·-- 88 191 75 70 45 22 ...................................• 32 10 66 146 75 91 37 

23 ... ····•······· -- ········-···-······ 28 .............. ............... 62 140 53 88 48 24 .................................... 28 ................ ..... 22 . 66 127 70 91 48 25 •................................... 25 82 127 55 96 49 

26 •••...............................•• 20 .............. 75 107 75 82 41 27 ..................................•• 22 35 99 99 59 79 38 

28 ••••••.•..••...•....•..•..•.•.•••.•• 18 ............... ............. 114 75 75 75 30 

29 ..•••........ ·····················•• 14 ............... .............. 127 70 99 82 25 30 .•......••........•.•...........•... 16 ............... ............. 140 70 99 66 23 

31. .....•........ ············ ......... 18 ................ ............... 168 93 75 

Monthly discharge of East Fork of Arkansas River near Leadville, Colo., for the year 

ending Sept. 30.1916. 

Month. 

October ............................................... . 

November 1-8 ......................................... . l(ay •••••.............................................. 

June •••••.............................................. 

t~C~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

Discharge in second-feet. 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. 

32 14 22.1 

34 20 26.8 

199 23 111 

328 70 194 

117 34 77.7 

104 55 808 82 23 49.7 

Run-off 

(total-in 

acre-feet). 

1,360 

425 

6,820 

11,500 

4, 780 

4,970 

2,960 
14 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

ARKANSAS RIVER AT GRANITE, COLO. 

LocATION.-In sec. 31, T. 11 S., R. 79 W., at Granite, in La~e County, below mouth 

mouth of Lake Creek, and above Lost Canyon and Clear creeks. 

DRAINAGE AREA.---425 square miles. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-May 1, 1897, to September 10, 1899; April6, 1910, to September 30, 1916. 

GAGE.-Bristol water-stage recorder and inclined staff gage established in 1910 by 

State engineer on left bank half a mile above Denver & Rio Grande Railroad 

station at Granite. No known relation between present gage and that used from 

1897 to 1899. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS.-Made from highway bridge near railroad station or by 

wading. 

CHANNEL AND coNTROL.-Bed composed of coarse gravel and small boulders. Control shifts at intervals, but practically permanent after winter of 1915-16. Banks 

not subject to overflow. 

EXTREMES oF DISCHARGE.-Maximum stage recorded during year, from inclined 

gage, 3.8 feet for several days in June (discharge, 1,660 second-feet); minimum 

discharge occurs during winter months. 

IcE.-Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice; observations discontinued 

during winter months. 

DrvERSIONs.-Court decrees for diversions of 74 second-feet from the Arkansa.s betweeD: this station and the junction of Tennessee and East forks. 

REGULATION.-Discharge affected by operation of Twin Lakes reservoir, which has a 

storage decree for 20,645 acre-feet. 

AccuRACY.-Stage-discharge relation practically permanent after winter ,of 1915-16; 

affected by ice during winter. Rating curve used during October and November 

fairly Well defined throughout, and after March 16, well-defined between 60 

and 1,600 second-feet. From March 10 to April27 water-stage recorder was operating satisfactorily and mean daily gage heights were determined by inspection 

of gage-height graph. For remainder of year staff gage was read to tenths once 

daily. Daily discharge was ascertained by applying directly to rating table mean 

daily gage heights during operation of water-stage recorder, or one reading per 

day from staff gage. Results fair. 

Discharge measurements of Arkansas River at Gran·ite, Colo., during the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1916. 

Date. I Made by- I Gage D"- I Date. Made by- Gage DisI 

, height. charge. height. charge. 

--- I --- Feet. I Fett. Sec.-ft • . Sec-ft. I Nov. 24 W. R. King .......... 1.46 86 June 23 W. R. King •......... 3.40 1,260 

May 11 H. E. Turner ......... 3.10 858. July 23 ...•• do •••............. 2.64 639 June 5 Robert Follansbee .... 3.60 1,460 I 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 15 

Daily discharge, in second1eet, of Arkansas River at Granite, Colo., for the year ending 

I Sept. 30, 1916. · 

Day. Oct. Nov. Mar. Apr. May. June: July. Aug. Sept. 

------------------------ 1 .•••••••••••............... 115 85 .......... 148 490 910 1,460 1,560 280 

2. •••••••••················· 104 76 .......... 148 490 910 1,460 1,560 240 3 ........................... 94 85 ........... 148 490 910 1,460 1,560 240 

4. •••••····················· 85 76 ......... 148 490 1,360 1,460 1,170 240 

1). •••••••••••·•···•········· 94 85 ............ 148 402 1,460 1,460 1,170 240 

6 •• •••·•··············· ..... 94 g~ 1:::::::: 130 430 1,460 1,460 1,170 240 

7 .. ···················· ..... 85 130 430 1,460 1,410 1,170 165 8 ............•.............. 85 85 ............ 130 615 1,460 1,360 1.170 165 

9. ·•··················· ..... 85 85 ............. 115 755 1,460 1,560 1,170 165 

10. ·•··················· ..... 85 85 200 130 830 1,560 1,560 1,170 200 

11. .......................... 85 76 430 182 990 1,660 1,560 1,170 240 12. ····· ..................... 85 85 490 220 1,080 1,660 1,400 1,170 200 

13 .. ······· .................. 94 85 490 220 1,260 1,560 1,360 1,170 200 14 ........................... 94 85 430 220 1,360 1,660 1,360 1,170 200 

15. ····················· ..... 104 85 460 220 1,360 1,660 I 1,360 1,170 165 

16 ..•........................ 127 85 460 200 910 1,660 1,360 1,170 165 17 .....•..•.................. 115 85 490 220 910 1,660 1 360 685 165 

18 .. ···•········ ············· 104 85 490 302 910 1,560 1:360 G85 165 

19 .. •··················· ..... 94 85 520 100 685 1,560 1,360 685 165 

20. ·························· 94 85 490 182 685 1,560 1,260 685 165 

21.. ·························! 94 85 490 240 755 1,560 830 685 165 22 ........................... ! 115' 85 460 260 755 1,560 830 430 165 23 ............•••.•.......... ! 115 85 490 325 755 1,460 615 430 130 

~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::1 104 86 490 350 755 1,460 615 430 165 94 86 490 375 755 1,360 550 430 130 

~::::::::::::::::::::~::::::1 94 86 260 402 755 1,360 550 430 165 

94 86 115 490 615 1.360 550 430 200 28 .............•............. 85 86 148 430 615 1.260 550 430 200 29 ........................... 94 86 165 430 650 1,360 615 325 200 30 .•...•....•........•..•..•. 104 86 148 430 685 1,460 685 325 130 

31.. ········ ................. 94 ........... 148 ........... 910 ............ 1,260 325 ............ 

N OTE.-Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 13-20; discharge estimated; observations discontin· 

ued for remainder of winter. Discharge estimated Nov. 21-23, 25-30J.. and interpolated May 29, June 29, 

July 7, 29, and Aug. 25. Indirect methods for shifting control used uctober and November. 

Monthly discharge of Arkansas River at Granite, Colo. ,for the year ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

:Month. 

October ............................................... . November ............................................ . March 10-31. .......................................... . 

~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: June .................................................. . July ................................... · ................ . 

~~~~ber::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

Discharge in second-feet. 

Maximum. :Minimum. :Mean. 

127 

94 

.'520 

490 

1,360 

1,660 

1,560 

1,560 

280 

85 97.1 76 84.6 115 3g() 100 239 402 761 910 1,440 550 1,160 325 881 130 188 

ARKANSAS RIVER AT SALIDA, COLO. 

Run-off 

(totalin 

acre-feet). 

5,970 

5,030 

16,600 

14,200 

46,800 

85,700 

71,300 

54,200 

11,200 

LocATION.-In sec. 32, T. 50 N., R. 9 E., at Salida, in Chaffee County, some distance 

above mouth of South Fork of Arkansas River, the nearest important tributary. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-1,160 square miles. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-Aprilll, 1895, to0ctober31, 1903; NovemberS, 1909,-toSeptember 30. 1916. 

GAGE.-Bristol water-stage recorder on right bank 400 feet below highway bridge in 

city park; installed by State engineer. 

DISCHARGE HEASUREMENTS.-Made from highway bridge. 
16 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL.-Bed composed of coarse gravel; shifts at intervals; no welldefined control. Banks high and not subject to overflow. 

ExTREMES OF DISCHARGE.-Maximum stage during year, from water-stage recorder, 

4.75 feet at 10 a.m. June 14 (discharge, 3,080 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.40 

foot February 1 (discharge, 192 second-feet). 

IcE.-Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice, as river is kept open by springs. 

DIVERSIONs.-Court decrees for diversions of 202 second-feet from the Arkansas between this station and Granite. 

REGULATION .-Flow at station regulated to some extent by Twin Lakes and Clear 

Creek reservoirs, which have storage decrees for 20,645 and 11,489 acre-feet, respectively. 

AccuRAcY.-Stage-discharge relation not permanent but shifts through narrow limits; 

not affected by ice. Rating curves fairly well defined between 200 and 3,000 

second-feet. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to rating tables mean daily 

gage heights determined by inspection of gage-height graph. Results good. 

Discharge measurements of Arkansas River at Salida, Colo., during the year ending Sept. 

30, 1916. 

Date. Made by- I Gag• Dis- Date. Made by- Gage Disheight. charge. height. charge. 

--- --- Feet: Sec.-ft. Feet. Sec.-ft. Jan. 19 T. J. Watkins ••...... 0.80 284 June 21 W. R. King •......•.. 4.48 2,810 

Feb. 17 ..... do ..•.........•.. .59 242 30 H. E. Turner ........ 4.25 2,210 

Apr. 18 Thos. Grieve, .ir ...... 1.12 403 July 24 W. R. King •......... 2.49 1,080 

June 6 Robert Follansbee ... 3. 75 2,220 

Daily discharge, in secondjeet, of Arkansas River at Salida, Colo.; for the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1916. 

I i Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. I 

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 

,------------------ 1. .. -..... -- ... 368 300 270 282 192 238 264 679 1,510 2,590 2,500 520 

2 .... ---------- 350 300 270 240 203 226 264 708 1,550 2,540 2,320 545 

3 ..... --------- 332 300 285 264 226 203 264 651 1,510 2,540 2,110 496 

4 ... --.-------- 315 300 270 294 251 214 264 651 1,830 2,410 2;11o 496 5 ........ -- ---- 315 300 270 291 251 278 264 708 2,070 2,360 2,030 496 

6 ....... -······ 315 300 270 291 238 251 251 767 2,190 2,150 1,950 "496 

7 ..... --------- 285 315 242 245 251 214 251 925 2,190 2,110 1,910 496 

8 ..... --------· 332 285 242 245 251 226 264 1,100 2,110 2,110 1, 790 473 

9 ..... --------- 350 300 255 288 238 264 251 1,350 2,190 2,280 1, 710 452 10 •.•........... 385 300 270 285 238 292 251 1,510 2,320 2,590 1,590 473 

11. •••. --------- 350 255 255 270 251 292 264 1,630 2,540 2,500 1,130 596 12 .•..... -- --.-- 350 242 255 218 238 596 292 1,910 2, 720 2,460 1,100 623 13 .•......... -.. 368 270 270 228 203 651 292 1,990 2,860 2,360 1,310 596 14 ..•........ -.. 350 242 285 240 203 623 307 1,950 2,900 2,190 1,550 570 15 ••............ 332 270 300 267 214 545 322 1,830 2, 770 2,030 1,630 570 

16 .•.... -- ...... 350 285 270 264 214 570 307 1,590 2,820 1, 750 1,630 570 17 .............. 385 270 285 238 226 570 322 1,130 2,860 1, 750 1,350 545 

18 .. ----- ... -... 385 255 255 264 238 596 338 990 2,860 1, 750 1,200 496 19.------ ....... 402 270 242 278 238 651 373 925 2,900 1,590 1,130- 496 20 .............. 368 285 230 264 238 651 355 860 2,860 1,430 1,060 473 

21. ..•..... -.... 350 300 242 251 238 679 452 892 2, 770 1,350 958 452 22 •••........... 332 285 270 226 238 623 545 892 2,590 1,310 892 410 23 ••.•.......... 350 270 285 264 238 679 520 860 2,360 1,130 737 430 24 ...•.......... 332 300 242 264 226 623 570 737 2,190 1,060 828 430 25 ••.•....•..... 350 285 242 264 214 520 623 651 2,070 990 797 430 

26 •...•......... 332 285 255 251 214 520 651 679 2,070 958 767 430 27 .............. 315 285 218 238 238 307 708 737 2,150 958 737 452 28 ....••••.•.... 300 230 242 251 238 307 828 797 2,230 990 708 430 29 ..•••••.•••..• 300 255 285 226 238 307 860 892 2,320 990 651 430 30 ....•••••..... 315 300 285 226 ......... 278 767 958 2,460 1,550 596 430 31. ............. 315 ........... 300 214 ........ 278 . ...... 1,240 ....... 2,190 570 . ...... 

NOTE.-lnd.irect methods for shifting control used Jan. 1-18 and June 22 to Sept. 30. 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 17 

Monthly discharge of Arkansas River at Salida, Colo., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

Discharge in second-feet. 

Month. Run-off (total 1------:------.----l in acre-feet). 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. 

October ...•....•....................................••• November .•.••....... ~- ................. __ ........... . December ••.•............... _ ....... _ ... ___ .. _ .. _ ..... . January ••................ _ ....... : ........... -........ . February •••................................ _ ......... . March ••••..•........................................... 

~~~~·:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: June ....•............ -................................. . July ..••................................................ 

~~~her::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

Theyear •........................................ 

402 

315 

300 

294 

251 

679 

860 

1,990 

2,900 

2,590 

2,500 

623 

285 

230 

218 

214 

192 

203 

251 

651 

1,510 

958 

570 

410 

1------:1------1 

2,900 192 

TENNESSEE FORK :NEAR LEADVILLE, COLO. 

341 21,000 

281 16,700 

263 16,200 256 15,700 

230 13,200 

428 26,300 

409 24,300 

1,070 65,800 

2,360 140,000 

1,840 113,000 

1,330 81,800 

493 29,300 

7771 563,000 

LocATION .-In sec. 16, T. 9 S., R. 80 W., at highway bridge a few hundred yards above 

mouth of stream and about 3 miles northwest of Leadville, in Lake County. 

DRAINAGE AREA.--45 square miles (measured on topographic map). 

RECORDS AVAILABL:m.-May 10 to October 31, 1890; June 18 to October 16, 1903; 

February 8, 1911, to September 30, 1916. · 

GAGE.-Vertical staff on downstream side of left bridge abutment; datum lowered 

0.40 foot October 6, 1914. Read by Fred Coquoz. No known relation between 

present gage and gages used in 1890 and 1903. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS.-Made from bridge or by wading near bridge. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL.-Bed rough and composed of small boulders; control a 

short distance below gage at rapids which are practically permanent. Banks not 

subjec~ to overflow. 

ExTREMES OF DISCHARGE.-Maximum stage recorded during year, 1.35 feet at 7.30 

p. m. June 2 (discharge, 209 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.20 foot October 12 

(discharge, 4 second-feet). 

IcE.-Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice; data insufficient for determination of winter flow. 

DIVERSIONs.-Court decrees for diversions of 24 second-feet above the station; also a 

decree for diversion of 18.5 second-feet from the basin of Eagle River to that of 

Tennessee Fork above station. No water was diverted from Eagle River basin 

during 1916, so far as known. 

AccuRACY.-Stage-dischargerelation practically permanent; affected by ice. Rating 

curve fairly well defined between 10 and 200 second-feet. _Gage·read to quartertenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage 

height to rating table. Results good. 

Discharge measurements of Tennessee Fork near Leadville, Colo., during the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1916. 

Date. Made byJan. 13 T. J. Watkins •••••..••••............ _ .... __ ............. , ..... _._ ...•.... Feb. 11 •.•.• do ••...•••••............... __ ... _._. __ ... __ .. _ ... _. __ ................ . 

June 10 W. R. King .••..•................... ···---··········-······-············· 

• a Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. 

100539°-18-wsr 437-2 

Gage Disheight. charge. 

Feet. 

a0.62 

a .48 

1.26 

Sec.-ft. 

6.4 

9.1 

183 
18 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tennessee Fork near Leadville, Colo., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

Day. 

!. .......................... . 2 ••••....................... 

3 ••••....................... 

4 ••••••....•.••.•.•..••..... 

5 ••••....................... 

6 •••••....•................. 

7 •••••...................... 

8 •..•................ · ...... . 9 ••••....................... 

10 ••••....................... 

11 ••••....................... 

12 ••. •·············· ........ . 13 ••••.....................•. 

14 •••........................ 

15 ••••.. ····················· 

16 ••••.. .-................... . 

17 ••. •···············•······· 18 ••••.......... ·- .......... . 

19 •••.. ····················· 20 ••••...............•...•... 

21 ••••....................... 

22 ••••.. ····················· 23 ••••...............•....... 

24 •••........................ 

25 ••••....................... 

26 ••••....................... 

27 •••••. ·······•··•····· .... . 

28 ••• •······ ············ .... . 29 ••••..... ········•······ .. . 30 •••••...................... 

31 •••••...................... 

Oct. Nov. Mar. Apr. 

------

10 7 ............. ................. 10 7 ............ .............. 11 10 32 

10 10 ............. ............... 10 10 ............... .............. 

10 11 .............. ............... 9 11 ............... ............ 8 12 ········'········ 7 16 I 

6 14 ........ 1········ 

5 

·:····:}:: :::~J:;;::32: 4 

8 

10 

8 

!I: :::::l:::::::r:::::: 71 ........ 301 ........ 

if I :~ :: ·::::~ 1:::::.~: 10 ............. ............... 194 

10 .............. ..... 32" 9 224 9 ................ ............ ................ 9 

8 

8 ::::::::1::::::::,:::::::: 

May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 

-------------

166 194 52 65 22 

88 200 52 80 25 

93 166 71 80 26 90 160 71 71 31 

11? 144 88 63 30 

125 149 80 6.5 27 

160 117 93 63 22 

155 133 90 58 17 

144 144 84 46 18 

149 180 71 42 18 

180 172 65 27 21 

172 172 71 35 17 

152 172 65 43 22 

125 155 52 52 21 

133 152 56 45 17 

133 117 56 32 17 

100 133 42 34 27 

102 133 46 21 42 

102 125 35 30 42 

58 107 34 25 38 

58 71 34 25 46 

50 52 18 18 38 

52 35 16 18 30 

71 35 19 27 25 

88 30 35 22 18 

110 22 19 19 15 

141 17 30 20 14 

155 22 35 22 12 

158 32 38 19 8 172 35 93 18 8 

188 71 18 

Monthly discharge of Tennessee Fork near Leadville, Colo., for the year ending Sept. 30, 

1916. 

Month. 

October ...•.......................... ~ ................ . November 1-10 ••••....•............................... May •••••.••..•......................................... June ••••.....••........................................ 

tf..:~ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::I 

Discharge in second-feet. 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. 

11 4 8. 71 16 7 10.8 188 50 122 

200 17 113 93 16 54.3 

80 18 38.8 46 8 23.8 

Run-o:ff(total in acre- feet). 

536 

214 7,500 

6, 720 3,340 

2,390 

1,420 

COTTONWOOD CREEK BELOW HOT SPRINGS, NEAR BUENA VISTA, COLO. 

LocATION.-In sec. 22, T. 14 S., R. 79 W., half a mile below the old Hot Springs 

Hotel, and 6 miles west of Buena Vista, in Chaffee County. Nearest tributary, 

South Fork, enters 2 miles above. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-72 square miles (measured on Forest atlas). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-April 7, 1911, to September 30, 1916. From September 23, 

1910, to September 13, 1911, a station was maintained in sec. 21, a mile above 

present site. 

GAGE.-Vertical staff. On February 19, 1915, gage was moved from side of left 

abutment to downstream end and reset to same datum. In present position 

water does not pile up on gage, especially during high water, and therefore for 

same discharge gage height will be less. Read twice daily by E. D. ¥asters. 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 19 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS.-Made from bridge or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL.-Channel composed of boulders; very rough. Control practically permanent; short distance below- gage. Banks high; overflow unlikely. 

ExTREMES OF STAGE.-Maximum stage recorded during year, 2.1 feet at 6 a. m., 

June 20; minimum stage, Q.53 foot at 6 a. m., April 7. 

lcE.-Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice; hot springs keep creek open. 

DIVERSIONs.-Court decrees for diversions of 148 second-feet from Cottonwood Creek, 

of which 28 second-feet are above gaging station. 

REGULATION.-None. 

Estimates of discharge are withheld from publication until additional data are 

obtain~d. 

Discharge measurements of Cottonwood Creek below Hot Springs, near Buena Vista, 

Colo., during the year endt:ng Sept. 30, 1916. 

Date. Gage I Dis-

------~-------------M_oo __ e_b_y-----------------------1--h-ei-:gh_t __ . ~ 

Jan. 17 T. J. Watkins ........................................................... . June 23 W. R. King ....... · ...................................................... . July 27 ...•• do ................................................................... . 

Feet. 0.61 

1.50 

1.10 

Sec.-ft. 22.6 

238 

92 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Cottonwood Creek below Hot Springs, near Buena Vista, 

Colo., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. I Jan. Feb. Mar., Apr., May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 

---- ------

1. ............. 0.85 o. 71 0.68 0.62 0.59 0.57 0.58 o. 82 1.45 ""i."52" 1.38 0.94 2 .............. .84 • 70 .66 .64 . 61 .57 .59 .87 1.45 1. 25 .92 3 .............. .82 • 70 .66 .64 .60 .57 .60 . 75 1.48 1.52 1.22 .92 4 .............. . 79 • 70 .65 .63 .60 .56 .59 .82 1. 55 1.48 1.28 .90 5 .............. . 78 .69 .1'15 .63 .60 .58 .58 .85 1.48 1.42 1.20 .90 

6 .............. . 78 .69 .66 .62 .60 .56 .59 .95 1. 45 1 •• 42 1.18 .90 7 .............. . 79 • 70 .66 .60 .60 .56 .56 1. 05 1.4 1.38 1.18 .90 8 .............. . 78 • 70 .66 .61 .60 .57 .58 1.18 1.38 1. 40 1.15 .90 9 .............. . 78 • 70 .65 .6:1 .60 .58 .58 1. 25 1. 5 1. 40 1.15 .88 10 .............. . 78 .69 .65 .63 .60 .59 .59 1.35 1.65 1.42 1.12 .86 

11..-.---------- . 79 .64 .65 .63 .59 .59 .60 1:35 1. 75 1.35 1.10 .98 

12 .. --- .... ----- . 80 .58 .65 .58 .59 .. 59 .59 1.30 1. 8 1. 28 1.10 .92 

13 .. --- .. -.---.- . 79 .60 .65 .60 .58 .60 .63 1.20 1. 9 1. 32 1.10 .92 14 .............. • 78 .58 .65 .60 .58 .60 . 61 1.18 1.9 1. 28 1.20 .92 

15 ..... -- .. ---.- .80 .62 .65 .60 .59 .58 .60 1.08 1.9 1.25 1.15 .90 

16 .•. ----------- .80 .62 .65 .60 .58 .58 .60 .95 1.9 1.28 1.15 .88 17------.-----.- .80 .62 ---.-65' .60 .58 .58 .66 1. 02 2.0 1.25 1.12 .87 18.------.----.. • 79 .65 .62 .58 .59 .68 .95 2.0 1.25 1.10 .86 

19 .............. .80 .68 .65 .59 .58 .61 .68 1. 00 2.0 1.22 1.08 .86 20 ..... --.--- •• - .80 . 70 .65 .58 .58 .62 .64 1.02 2.0 1.2 1.05 .85 

21. ............. .80 .69 .65 .58 .57 .65 .62 .98 2.0 1.15 1.03 .84 22 .............. . 79 .69 .65 .59 .57 .62 .69 .98 1.9 1.12 1.00 .83 23 .•••.•••...... . 79 .69 .65 .60 .58 .64 . 75 .92 1. 65 1.10 .96 .84 

24 ..... ·-- ------ . 79 .69 .65 .60 .57 .62 . 77 .92 1. 55 1.08 1.00 .85 25 .............. . 78 .68 .65 .60 .57 .58 .80 1.00 1.6 1.05 1.00 .85 

26 ... ----- .. ---- . 76 .68 .65 .60 .56 .58 .84 1. 02 1:55 1.08 1.00 .84 27 .............. . 76 .69 .62 .60 .58 .60 .88 1.02 1.55 1.1 .99 . 82 28 .............. . 74 .64 .65 . 61 .58 .60 .92 1.05 1.6 1.1 .96 .82 29 .••........... . 74 .66 .65 .60 .58 .60 .98 1.08 1. 6 1.08 .96 .80 30 .............. . 74 • 68 .65 .62 ·-·---- .60 .88 1.18 1.55 1.3 1.00 .80 31. ........ --·-- . 73 ............. .65 .59 ........... .62 ......... 1.28 . .......... 1. 25 .96 ............ 
20 SUitFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

CHALK: CREEK: ('OPPER STATION) NEAR ST. ELMO, COLO. 

LocATION.-ln sec. 27, T. 15 S., R. 80 W., a quarter of a mile below the power plant of 

the Tin Cup Gold Dredging Co., and 1-lmiles below St. Elmo, in Chaffee County. 

Nearest tributary, Coal Creek, enters a quarter of a mile below. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-48 square miles (meas~ued on Forest atlas). ' 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-November15, 1913, to September 30,1916. 

GAGE._;.Friez water-stage recorder on left bank. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS.-Made from footbridge near gage or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL.-Channel composed of coarse gravel; control a short distance 

below gage at small rapids which are practically permament. Banks not subject 

to overflow. 

ExTREMES oF DISCHARGE.-Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

2.96 feet at 7 p.m., June 10 (discharge, 393 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.92 foot 

February 12 (discharge, 7 second-feet). 

lcE.-Stage-discharge relation not seriously affected by ice except for occasional short 

periods. 

DIVERSIONS.-No court decrees for diversions of water that is not returned to the 

stream above the station. 

REGULATION.-Low-water flow regulated to a certain extent by a small reservoiiat St. 

Elmo, formed by the diversion dam for the Tin Cup Gold Dredging Co.'s power 

house. 

AccURACY.-Stage-discharge relation permanent; affected by ice for short periods 

from November to February. Rating curve well defined between 6 and 200 

second-feet. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory except from February 

20 to March 10 and September 17 to 24. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

to rating table mean daily gage height determined by inspection of gage-height 

graph. Results excellent, except for very high water periods for which they are 

good. 

Discharge measurements of Chalk Creek (upper station), near St. Elmo, Colo., during . the year ending Sept. 80, 1916. 

Date. Made byJan. 18 T. J. Watkins ........................................................... . June 23 W. R. King ................ _-------------- __ ------------- .... -------------

Gage Disheight. charge. 

Feet. 1.11 

2.23 

Sec.-ft. 10.4 

184 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 21 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chalk Creek (upper station), near St. Elmo, Colo., for 

the year ending Sept, 30, 1916. 

.. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 

----------------------

1. ............. 26 13 9 10 7 8 12 58 175 175 99 32 2 .............. 23 16 10 10 7 8 12 53 175 168 109 30 3 .............. 22 15 10 9 8 7 12 47 182 162 90 30 4 .............. 19 17 10 9 8 7 12 53 185 150 79 29 5 .............. 17 18 10 9 8 7 12 70 170 143. 74 'Zl 

6 .............. 18 23 lO 9 8 8 11 101 178 134 79 30 7 .............. 17 20 10 9 8 8 12 131 175 136 84 32 8 .............. 18 13 10 8 8 8 12 145 182 143 70 32 9 .............. 16 11 9 8 8 8 10 162 219 150 67 46 10 .............. 17 11 10 8 8 9 13 165 243 148 67 53 

11 .............. 15 10 11 8 7 9 16 152 246 131 60 36 12 .............. 14 10 11 8 7 9 17 162 255 140 58 45 13 .............. 15 10 10 9 7 9 ·19 165 'Zl3 122 86 40 14 .............. 16 9 10 10 7 18 18 127 267 116 101 32 15 .............. 16 9 10 12 7 18 19 101 252 109 80 32 

16 .............. 16 .9 10 11 7 11 19 86 255 114 79 37 17 .............. 14 9 10 12 8 10 19 80 258 105 74 36 18 .............. 15 9 10 11 8 10 26 80 261 95 62 34 19 .............. 14 10 9 10 8 10 26 87 255 88 58 33 

20 ........ ······ 16 10 10 9 8 10 25 87 237 84 56 32 

21. ............. 14 10 13 9 8 12 25 79 222 79 53 30 

22 ...... ········ 13 10 12 9 8 9 29 75 201 82 47 28 23 .............. 15 10 10 s 8 11 42 70 190 77 47 26 

24. ············· 18 10 10 8 8 11 50 72 190 70 47 24 

25 ......... ····· 18 10 10 8 8 10 54 82 192 67 46 22 

26 .•..•...•.••... 14 10 10 8 8 10 62 90 192 65 41 20 27 ••.....•.....• 13 10 10 8 8 10 75 101 195 68 38 19 

~::::::::::::::1 12 9 10 8 8 11 88 118 192 65 36 17 

13 9 9 7 8 11 88 131 190 82 35 18 30 .............. 12 9 9 7 ....... 12 60 152 185 129 35 16 31. ............. 13 .............. 9 7 ........... 11 .. ......... 172 .. .......... 103 36 ........... 

NoTE.-Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 13 to Dec. 3, Dec. 16-20, Jan. 1, 7, 12-14, Jan. 20 to Feb. 5 and Feb. 13-29; discharge estimated from discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather records •.. Discharge estimated Mar. 1-10, and Sept. 17-24, when gage did not operate. 

Monthly discharge of Chalk Creek (upper station), near St. Elmo, Colo., for the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1916. 

Month. 

l DioohMge b. woond-foot. 

Run-off (tota 

Maximum.! Minimum. I Mean. m acre-feet) 

October ............................................... . 26 12 16.1 990 November~ ........................................... . 23 9 11.6 690 December ........................................ : .... . 13 9 10.0 615 January ............................................... . 12 7 8.9 547 

~~~~:.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 8 7 7. 7 443 

18 7 10.0 615 ApriL ................................................. . 

¥~·-·.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: July ••............... ···········-·····-·--··---------·· August. ....... -. -.. -. -.. -. ---.. -. --. -...... -----. -. -.. . September ...... _ . _ .... _ --.. ---.. -. --. --- -.. -.. - . -.... . 

88 10 29.8 1, 770 172 47 105 6,460 273 170 213 12,700 175 65 113 6,950 109 35 64.3 3,950 53 16 30.6 1,820 

Theyear ........................................ . 27.3 71 51.7 37,600 
22 SUR.F ACE WATER. SUPPLY, 1916~ PART VII. 

CHALK: CREEK: NEAR ST. ELKO, COLO. 

LocATION.-In sec. 28, T. 15 S., R. 79 W., at highway bridge just below the cascades 

of Chalk Creek, 1md 6 miles east of St. Elmo, in Chaffee County. Nearest tributary, a small intermittent stream entering from the north just above the station. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-75 square miles (measured on Forest atlas). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-March 10, 1911, to March 31, 1916, when station was discontinued. From September 6, to December 28, 1910, a station was maintained in 

sec. 24, T. 15, S., R. 79 W. 

GAGE.-Vertical staff on downstream side of pile bent; re~d by W .. P. Abbott. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS.-Made from bridge or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL.-Channel composed of small boulders; rough. Control, 

· which is somewhat shifting, is just below gage. Overflow of banks not likely. 

ExTREMES OF DISCHARGE.-Maximum stage recorded during year, 1.15 feet October 

2 (discharge, 48 second-feet); .minimum stage, 0.75 foot March 22 (discharge,"l8 

second-feet). 

lcE.-Stage-discharge relation not seriously affected by ice except for short periods. 

DIVERSIONs.-No court decrees for diversions from Chalk Creek between the upper 

station and this one; decrees for 133 second-feet below. 

REGULATION .-None. 

AccuRACY.-Stage-discharge relation not permanent; shifts through narrow limits; 

affected by ice for short periods from November to March. Rating curve not 

well defined. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Results fair. 

Thefollowing discharge measurement was made by T. J. Watkins: 

January 18, 1916: Gage height, 0.85 foot; discharge, 24.4 second-feet. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chalk Creek near St. Elmo, Colo., for the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1916. 

Day. Oct. Nov., Dec. Jan., Feb. Mar. Day. Oct., Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. 

1 .... 48 28 26 25 22 22 16 .... 32 28 26 23 24 24 2 .... 48 25 27 25 22 22 17 .... 33 28 26 22 22 21 3.: .. 45 25 28 25 22 23 18 .... 34 27 26 22 20 22 4 .... 42 25 25 25 22 24 19 .... 34 26 26 22 42 22 

5 .... 1 

36 28 25 25 22 26 20 .... 33 26 26 22 34 22 

32 30 25 25 22 28 21 ••. 32 27 25 22 25 22 ~: :::1 32 31 25 25 22 28 22 .... 32 28 25 22 22 21 

g:·.-.:1 36 32 25 22 22 25 23 .... 32 25 25 22 20 25 

f: 32 28 24 22 25 24 .... 31 25 25 22 20 25 

10 .... : 32 28 25 20 22 25 .... 30 25 25 22 20 25 

11 .... 1 34 32 25 22 20 22 26 .... 30 25 25 22 20 25 

~~~:::1 34 31 25 23 20 22 27 .... 30 25 25 22 21 25 34 30 25 25 26 22 28 .... 26 26 25 22 22 25 

::::::1 32 30 25 25 32 20 29 .... 25 26 25 22 22 25 36 29 22 24 26 20 30 .... 26 26 25 22 .......... 25 

31. ... 27 ···-··- 25 22 ······· 25 

NoTE.-Discharge estimated Nov. 12-19, 25-29 Dec. 1-2, 17-24, 27-31. Jan. 1, 12, 15-17 21-22, 29-31, Feb. 

1-4, 25-26, 29, and Mar. 1-2, because of ice. Discb;rge interpolated Oct. 1, 3, 10, 17, 20, 241 Nov. 7, 21, Dec. 

5, 12, 26, Jan. 2, 9, 23, Feb. 6, 11, 13, 16-17, 20, 27, Mar. 3-5, 12, 19, and 25-27. Indirect methods for shifting control used during open-water periods. 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 23 

Monthly discharge of Chalk Creek near St. Elmo, Colo., for the. year ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

Discharge in second-feet. 

Month. I------~------~--~-- Run~ff(ootru in acre-feet). 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. 

October ....................................... ~ . . . . . . . . 48 25 33. 8 2

1

,

6

080

November............................................. 32 25 27. 8 , 50 

December.............................................. 28 22 25.5 1,570 

E~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~~ ~ ~J ~:e The period ....................................... =~r-.......... -1------.. -.. -.-.. -~----9,-51-o 

SOUTH FORB: OF ARKANSAS RIVER AT PONCHA, COLO. 

LocATION.-In sec. 10. T. 49 N., R. 9 E., at single-span highway bridge about half 

a mile from Poncha, in Chaffee County. Nearest tributary, Poncha Ceeek, enters 

one-fourth mile below. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-140 square miles (measured on Forest atlas). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-:-January 14, 19ll, to September 30, 1916. 

GAGE.-Vertical staff on left bridge abutment; read by J. M. Cuenin. Datum lowered 

1.00 foot August 19, 1914. 

DISCHARGE MEASURE:MENTS.-Made from bridge or by wading nearby. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL.-Channel composed of coarse gravel and small boulders; 

rough. Control 20 feet below gage at small rapids, may shift slightly. Banks 

not subject to overflow. 

ExTREMES OF DISCHARGE.-Maximum stage recorded during year, 3.2 feet during 

nights of June 14 and 15, as determined from high water marks on gage (discharge, 

385 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.60 foot at 4.30 p. m. Aprilll and-22 (discharge, 

5 second-feet). 

lcE.-Stage-discharge relation only slightly affected by ice as river is kept open by 

springs. 

DIVERSIONs.-Court decrees for diversions of 32 second-feet from the South Fork 

above station, and 29 second-feet below; also for 85 second-feet from the North 

Fork. which enters above. 

REGULATION.-None. 

AccuRACY.-Stage-discharge relation not permanent; shifts through narrow limits; 

affected by ice for short periods from November to February. Rating curve 

well defined below 250 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily, and 

during certain periods the maximum stage which occurs during the night is also 

determined from water marks. Daily discharge is ascertained by applying to 

rating table mean daily gage height determined from either two or three readings. 

Results good except for winter period, for which they are fair. 

Discharge measurements of South Fork of Arkansas River at Poncha, Colo., during the 

year ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

I 

Date. Made by- Gage Dis- Date. Made by- Gage Disheight. charge. height. charge. 

--- Feet. Sec-ft. Feet. Sec.-ft. 

Nov. 24 W.R.King •......... 1.28 47.2 June 6 Robert Follansbee ... 1. 78 108 

Jan. 20 T. J Watkins ........ 1.14 32.8 21 W.R.King .......... 2.20 166 

Feb. 17 ..... do ............... 1.15 35.8 
24 SURFACE W A~R SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Fork of Arkansas River at Poncha, Colo., for the 

year ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

Day. Oct. Nov. Dec., Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 

---------------- 1. ••....•...... 32 17 48 41 38 46 15 76 135 120 102 15 

2 .............. 24 17 49 41 43 48" 29 62 135 106 130 12 

3 .............. 21 17 50 41 50 48 32 60 143 113 102 7 

4 .............. 26 13 52 41 50 48 26 59 160 93 72 8 

5 .............. 26 13 43 41 49 46 23 67 143 96 62 7 

6 .............. 22 15 60 50 50 48 13 87 135 81 67 12 

7 .............. 25 25 48 55 46 39 14 128 128 81 67 12 

8 .............. 24 21 46 55 46 46 11 135 135 83 57 12 

9 .............. 24 16 46 55 49 43 7 143 151 96 52 13 

10 .............. 26 13 50 55 50 44 7 186 '235 117 52 13 

11. ............. 22 14 46 50 50 48 6 160 265 110 57 14 

12 .............. 22 30 52 41 I 50 38 7 151 255 98 52 16 

13 .............. 26 48 46 41 46 36 12 143 285 102 72 27 

14 .............. 26 58 46 45 41 37 8 151 310 109 89 26 15 .............. 27 62 43 50 41 39 6 120 310 119 83 24 

16 .............. 28 55 44 50 46 38 6 100 285 107 78 22 

17 .............. 31 50 46 45 46 39 6 87 245 106 62 21 

18 .............. 31 55 48 47 50 33 7 60 265 81 62 20 

19 .............. 28 58 49 50 46 37 8 51 265 76 47 19 

20 .............. 26 57 50 50 41 35 7 81 245 76 50 17 

21 .............. 26 50 52 47 46 36 6 59 196 76 46 16 

22 .............. 26 so 50 45 I 46 32 5 53 186 81 46 15 

23 .............. 26 53 52 41 46 30 8 38 16S 76 35 18 

24 .............. 25 48 46 33 41 20 7 26 151 65 37 19 

25 .............. 2:1 50 48 33 37 20 10 33 151 32 39 18 

26 .•............ 26 58 48 33 41 13 18 26 151 26 35 15 

27 .............. 26 60 46 33 46 14 19 30 160 19' 28 13 

~ ............. 1 20 43 45 41 46 14 35 29 151 18 25 12 

29 .............. 20 44 44 38 46 13 46 32 143 14 20 10 30 •••..•..•••••• 18 46 43 38 .............. 13 70 81 120 109 20 11 31 .............. 181"''"'1 48 35 ............. 20 /'""" 113 . ......... 123 20 ......... 

NoTE.-Discharge estimated1 because of ice, Nov. 29-30bDec. 1-3, 15-20, 27, Jan. 8-22, 28, Feb. 4, from 

hydrograph comparison with Arkansas River at Salida. ischarge interpolated Oct. 14, Dec. 28, 29, and 

Sept. 7-10, and 14-21. Indirect methods for shifting control used July 30 to Sept. 30. 

Monthly discharge of South Forlc of Arkansas River at Poncha, Colo., for the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1916. 

Discharge in second-feet. 

Month. Run-o:tf (total 

Maximum. Minimum. 

in acre-feet). 

Mean. 

32 18 25.0 1,540 62 13 38.5 2,290 

60 43 47.9 2,950 

October ............................................... . November ............................................ . December ............................................. . 55 33 43.9 2, 700 

50 37 45.6 2,620 48 13 34.2 2,100 

70 5 15.8 940 186 26 84.7 5,210 

310 120 194 11,500 

~~~~fr.¥·:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: March ................................................. . 

~;~·:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: June ................................................. .. 123 14 .84.2 5,180 

1~ ~ 20 57.0 3,500 

7 15.5 922 

i~t·:.-.·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: September ............................................ . 

The year ........................................ . 310 1 51 57.1 41,500 

PONCHA CB.EEB: AT PONCHA, COLO. 

LocATION .-In sec. 10, T. 49 N ., R. 8 E., at single-span highway bridge near Poncha, 

in Chaffee County, about one-fourth mile above mouth of creek. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-89 square miles (measured on Forest atlas). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-January 14, 1911, to September 30, 1916. 

GAGE.-Vertical staff on downstream side of left abutment; read by J. M. Cuenin. 

Gage originally 20 teet upstream on opposite bank ; moved to present site on May 

6, 1914, and datum lowered 1.00 foot 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 25 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS.-Made from bridge or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL.-Bed composed of coarse gravel which shifts slightly; no welldefined control. Banks are overflowed to a small extent during extremely high 

water. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE.-Maximum stage recorded during year, 2.9 feet during 

night of June 4, determined from high water mark on gage (discharge, 247 secondfeet); minimum stage, 1.00 foot at 8 a.m. November 12 (discharge, 2 second-feet). 

IcE.-Stage-discharge relation only slightly affected by ice as creek is kept open 

by springs. 

DIVERSIONS.-Court decrees for diversions of 7 second-feet above station but none 

below. 

REGULATION .-None. 

AccuRACY .-Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; not affected by ice except 

from January 31 to February 3. Rating curve well-defined below 150 secondfeet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily and during certain periods the maximum stage which occurs during the night is also determined from water marks. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying to rating table mean daily gage height 

determined from either two or three readings. Results good. 

Discharge measurements of Poncha Creek at Poncha, Colo., during the year ending Sept. 30, 

1916. 

Date. Made by- I Ga~ Dis- Date. Made by- Gage Dis- height. charge. height. charge. 

--- Feet. Sec.-ft. Feet. Sec.-ft. Nov. 24 W. R. King ..•.•••.. 1.45 12.3 June 6 Robert Follansbee ... 2.18 81 Jan. 20 T. J. Watkins ..•••.. 1.32 8.8 21 W. R. King ....•.... 2.05 60 Feb, 17 ••••• dQ •••••.•.••••••• 1.35 11.1 

Daily discharge, in secondjeet, of Poncha Creek at Poncha, Colo, for the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1916. 

Day. 

I 

Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 

----------------------

1. ............. 13 9 10 8 8 8 7 37 114 34 34 13 2 .............. 12 11 9 8 8 8 9 38 116 33 54 13 3 .............. 11 11 9 8 8 10 15 27 131 31 40 - 10 4 .............. 12 11 9 8 8 9 19 35 142 31 30 11 

5 ......... ----- 12 11 10 8 8 12 14 39 120 34 26 11 

6 ....... ------- 12 11 9 8 8 9 14 53 116 30 35 18 

7 ... --.---.---- 11 13 8 8 8 6 10 78 92 30 32 17 

8 ...... -------- 11 12 8 8 8 10 10 100 83 29 29 16 

9 ........ ------ 11 10 8 8 8 12 11 114 83 29 21 16 

10 ... --.------ .. 11 9 9 8 8 13 14 131 86 33 21 15 

11 ... -----.- .. -. 11 6 7 8 8 12 16 131 86 29 26 14 

12 ... -.--- ... --- 12 5 7 8 8 13 17 131 83 25 20 14 

13.- .. -.. ------- 11 6 7 8 8 13 18 120 83 33 26 11 

14 ..... ---.----. 12 5 8 8 8 11 16 120 90 25 25 11 

15 ... ----------- 12 5 8 8 9 10 16 104 97 25 22 10 

16.-.------.-.-. 13 6 8 8 8 10 16 85 83 24 21 10 

17- ... ---.-.---- 13 6 8 8 9 12 17 80 80 29 20 9 

18.- .. -------.-- 13 8 8 8 9 12 22 100 80 22 19 9 

19.- .. ---.-- .. -- 13 7 10 8 9 14 25 76 72 21 17 8 20 .............. 12 10 9 8 8 16 16 80 74 20 19 8 

21..- ...... -... - 12 11 8 8 8 17 18 76 76 20 19 7 22 ........ ------ 12 11 8 8 8 13 22 72 64 18 16 7 

23 ••.. ---------- 12 12 8 8 8 12 26 78 59 18 17 11 

24 ..... --------- 11 11 8 8 8 12 25 64 54 18 18 9 25 .............. 12 8 8 8 8 10 38 68 51 16 18 8 

26 ........ ---··· 11 5 8 8 8 12 42 83 51 16 18 8 

27 ... --- --··-··· 10 10 8 8 8 10 42 83 52 16 17 7 

28 ..... --------- 10 5 8 8 8 14 55 83 47 17 17 7 

29 ...... ------ .. 10 8 8 

~ 1----·~- 14 59 83 42 16 16 7 

30 ..... --------- 9 10 8 14 60 118 35 31 22 7 

31 ... --.--.----. 9 ............. 8 8 ······· 14 . ......... 131 . ....... 48 I 14 1- ...... 

NoTE.-Discharge estimated Jan. 31 to Feb. 3, because of ice; interpolated Oct.14, Dec. 28,29, Sept. 7-10, 

and 14-21. 
26 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1!)16, PART vn. 

Monthly discharge of Poncha Creek at Poncha, Colo., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

Discharge in second-feet. Run-off 

Month. (total in 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. acre-feet). 

October .............. ,_ ............................... . 13 9 11.5 707 

November ............................................ . 13 5 8. 77 522 

December ............... ___ .......................... . 10 7 8.29 510 

t~!~?r-~:_:_:_~~-:--_:_:_: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

8 8 8.0 492 

9 8 8.14 468 

17 6 11.7 719 

April •••......... _. ___ . ___ ._ .. _ .. __ .. _ ..... __ ... _ .... 

¥~:·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.:.·.·_·_::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

~l~i::iai ~- ~---:·:: :-~--·: .: .: ~ ~:: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~:: ~: ~ ~: ~ ~: ~::: 

60 7 23.0 1,370 

131 27 84.5 5,200 142 35 81.4 4,840 

48 16 25.8 1,590 

54 14 23.5 1,~ 18 7 10.7 

The year .•..•••.............................. 142 5 25.5 18,500 

WEST BEAVER CREEK NEAR VICTOR, COLO. 

LocATION.-In sec. 30, T. 16 S., R. 68 W., at the Skagway power station of the Arkansas 

. Valley Railway, Light & Power Co.,· about 7 miles southeast of Victor, in Fremont County. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-70 square miles. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-January 1, 1905, to September 30, 1916. 

METHOD OF DETERMINING FLOW.-Water used through power house is brought by 

pipe line from reservoir 3! miles upstream; quantity is measured hourly by 

weir, and a quantity representing the gain or loss in the reservoir during the 

period is added or subtracted. To determine the natural flow of the stream the 

seepage through the dam is measured by weir and added to the total quantity 

thus obtained. This method takes no account of evaporation from the surface 

of the reservoir. 

DIVERSIONs.-Above the power reservoir are three reservoirs from which the town 

of Victor obtains its municipal supply. In the upper basin are four reservoirs 

from which water is diverted into Lake Moraine and thence by natural channels 

to Colorado Springs, where it is used as municipal supply. Filings for these 

diversions from the ba~;~in-52 second-feet by ditch and 5 second-feet by pipe 

line-have not yet been adjudicated. The town of Altman, for municipal suppiy, has also filed on five reservoir sites in the upper basin, having a combined 

capacity of 2,300 acre-feet. Below the power plaut there are adjudicated decrees 

for diversions of 57 second-feet from Beaver Creek, which is formed by East and 

West Beaver creeks. In addition there is an irrigation reservoir in operation 

which has a filing for 4, 760 acre-feet. , 

CoOPERATION.-Records'are furnished through courtesy of Arkansas Valley Railway 

Light & Power Co., and are said to be probably correct within 5 per cent. 

Monthly discharge of West Beaver Creek near Victor, Colo., for the year ending Sept. 

30, 1916. 

Mean dis- Run-off 

II 

Mean dis- Run-off 

Month. charge in (total m Month. charge in (total in 

second-feet. acre-feet). second-feet. acre-feet). 

October ••••.............. 12.0 738 May •..................•.. 24.6 

Novembe:r ••.............. 7.45 443 June ••••••............... 13.8 1,g~~ December ••.............. 5.49 338 i~~st::::::::::::::::::: 7;63 469 

t~~~::::::::::::::::: 4.00 246 18.1 1,ru 6. 76 389 September ....••......... 9.14 

8. 22 505 April •••••.•.............. 8.31 494 The year •.••....... [ 10.5 7,600 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 27 

BOEHKER CREEK NEAR PIKES PEAK, COLO. 

LocATION.-In the NW. t sec. 32, T. 14 S., R. ·68 W., 3! miles south of Pikes Peak, 

El Paso County, above l-ittle Beaver and Sackett creeks. Elevation of ~tation, 

11,000 feet .. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-7.2 square miles (measured on topographic map). Of this area 

approximately 75 per cent is located above timber line. To the natural drain.-

age has been added that of West Beaver Creek above- Strickler tunnel intake. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-0ctober 1, 1909, to September 30, 1916. 

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE.-Flow measured by sharp-crested weir, 60 inches 

long, with complete end contraction. A stake is driven into bed of stream in 

pool above weir, so that its head is level with crest of weir; depth of water over 

stake is measured by steel scale. Discharge is computed bY Francis formula. 

REGULATION.-Flow regulated by series of three reservoirs having an aggregating 

capacity of 1,400 acre-feet; reservoirs operated by Colorado Springs water 

department. 

DIVERSIONs.-Water diverted above weir for use in Victor is measured and added to 

flow over Boehmer Creek weir to show total run-off. 

CooPERATION.-Monthly discharge computed from records collected by Color,11do 

Springs Water Department. 

Monthly discharge of Boehmer Creek near Pikes Peak, Colo., for the years ending Sept. 

30, 191D-1916. 

Discharge in second-feet. Run-off. 

Month. 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square ~~~~ Total in 

mile. drainage acre-feet. area. 

1909-10. 

October ........................... 7.93 4.12 6.54 0.908 1.05 402 November ........................ 6.23 2.00 5.17 .718 .80 308 December ......................... 5.60 3.84 4.50 .625 . 72 277 

~~i~~:: :::~ ~~~~~~~::::: ::~:::: 4.40 2.50 3.19 .444 .51 196 3.10 2.82 3.02 .419 .44 168 5.25 2.85 3.64 .506 .58 224 

~~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 11.7 5. 72 4.50 .625 . 70 268 27.8 5.69 13.6 1.89 2.18 836 June .............................. 15.0 6.23 8.28 1.15 1.28 493 

July •.•••......................... 15.0 4.12 7.13 .990 1.14 438 August •.....•.................... 22.3 6.67 10.9 1. 51 1. 74 670 September •....................... 7.99 3.57 6.18 .859 .96 368 

The year .................... 27.8 I 2.00 6.42 . 891 12.10 I 4,650 

1910-11. 

October •.......................... 5.29 2.80 4.04 .561 .65 248 November ••••.................... 3. 71 2.56 3.24 .450 .50 193 

December ......................... 3.00 2.60 2. 84 .394 .45 175 

~~~~y.:: ::::::::::::::::::::::: 2.80 .90 1. 51 .210 .24 92.8 2.00 1.26 1. 75 .243 .25 97.2 

March ............................ 2.00 .98 1. 45 .201 .23 89.2 

~~:::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::: 6.56 1.65 2. 70 .375 .42 161 18.6 5. 29 11.5 1. 60 1. 84 707 June .............................. 8.28 5.60 7.62 1.06 1.18 453 July ••••••........................ 29.8 3.30 14.4 2.00 2.31 885 August ........................... 22.4 9.36 18.5 2.57 2.96 1,140 

September ••...................... 16.6 3. 81 7.22 1.00 1.12 430 

The year~ ................... 29.8 .90 6.45 .896 12.14 4,670 

1911-12. 

October ........................... 10.1 .90 7.32 1.02 1.18 450 November ........................ 1.35 .14 .53 .071 .08 31.5 December ......................... 1.82 1. 82 1.82 .252 .29 112 

~~!~~-:: ::::::::.::::::::::::::: 3.81 1.82 2. 71 .376 .43 167 .................. .................... 2.30 .319 .34 132 ................... ................ .60 .0834 .10 36.9 

~~·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2.86 2.59 2. 73 .379 .42 162 28.0 2.61 8.56 1.19 1. 37 526 

June ••............................ 21.0 4.47 16.3 2.26 2.52 970 

July ••.••......................... 10.8 5.87 6. 78 .942 1.09 417 Augu.c;t ..•..•..................... 9.00 7.37 8.11 1.13 1.30 499 

September ••...................... 6.62 1. 58 3.38 .468 .52 201 

The year .................... 28.0 1·----·····-- 5.10 . 709 9.64 3, 700 
28 SUR.FACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PAR.T VII. 

Monthly discharge of Boehmer Creek near Pikes Peak, Colo., for the years ending Sept. 

30, 1910-1916-Continued. 

Discharge in second-feet. Run-off. 

Month. 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square ~E~~ Total in 

mile. drainage acre-feet. area. 

1912-13. October ........................... 6.25 2.07 4.37 0.606 0. 70 269 

November •••..................... 16.6 2. 76 7.37 1.02 1.14 439 December ......................... 8.21 1.58 3.98 .552 .64 245 

~~'[~~::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1.58 1.13 1.43 .198 .23 87.9 1.58 1.13 1.35 .187 .19 75.0 1.80 1.80 1.80 .250 .29 111 

t£~~~-:::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::: 2.19 2.19 2.19 .304 .34 130 6.62 2.27 3.46 .480 .55 213 June .............................. 8.62 3.50 5. 77 .800 .89 343 July ..••••..................... : .. 21.7 5.22 10.2 1.42 1.64 627 August ............................ 13.6 5.15 9.42 1.31 1.51 579 September ••...................... 15.6 6.62 13.0 1.80 2.01 774 

The year .................... 21.7 1.13 5.38 1 . 746 10.13 I 3,890 

1913-14. October ........................... 11.9 3.50 6.49 .902 1.04 399 November ........................ 3.20 2.61 2.93 .407 .45 174 December ......................... 2.61 2.07 2.40 .333 .38 148 January ........................... 2.07 1.58 1.90 .26-1 .30 117 

~~~~::.:::::::::::::::::::::::: 1.58 1.58 1.58 .219 .23 87.8 1.58 1.58 1.58 .219 .25 97.2 

t&~~-:::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::: 2.07 1.58 1.98 .275 .31 118 50.0 2.07 19.3 2.68 3.09 1,190 

June ..•.......................•... 50.0 21.2 37.8 5.24 5.85 2,250 July .............................. 54.6 15.0 37.2 5.16 5.95 2,290 Aug11.~t ............................ 49.7 13.8 25.7 3.57 4.12 1,580 September •....................... 15.3 6.60 9.32 1.29 1.44 555 

The year ............ ···--·- 54.6 1.581 12.4 1. 72 23.23 9,010 

1914-15. October ........................... 14.6 3.50 4.92 .683 • 79 303 November ........................ 3.81 2.61 3.23 .448 .50 192 December ............. 2.61 1.82 2.22 .308 .36 136 

~~%~~:: :::::::::::: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~~~ 1.35 1.35 1.35 .187 .22 83.0 1.35 1.35 1.35 .187 .19 75.0 1.35 1.35 1.35 .187 .22 &'l.O 

~~~·:::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::: 1.35 1.35 j 1.35 .187 .21 80.3 27,1 2.20 12.9 1. 79 2.06 793 June .............................. 29.6 17.2 22.4 3.11 3.47 1,330 July .............................. 32.6 

l.1:~ I 27.0 3. 75 4.32 1,660 August ......... · ................... 34.3 27.6 3.83 4.42 1,700 September ........................ 17.3 11.0 12.9 1. 79 2.00 768 

The year .................... 31.3 1.35 9.95 1.38 18.76 7,200 

1915-16. October •.......................... 8.82 4.14 5.15 .714 .82 317 November ........................ 8.45 1. 82 4.48 .622 .69 267 December ............ 1.82 1.58 1. 79 .248 .29 110 

~\~~~:::::: ::::::: ~~ ~ :: :::~~~~ 1.10 1.10 1.10 .153 .18 67.6 1.35 1.10 1.23 .171 .18 70.8 3.20 1.10 1.34 .186 .21 82.4 

~~~-::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 4.14 3.20 3.57 .495 .55 212 14.6 3.81 5.57 • 773 .89 342 June .............................. 4. 72 2.28 3.69 .512 .57 220 

i~~ist.:::::::: ::::::::::::::::::: 3.17 1.81 2.39 .332 .38 147 12.5 2.6.3 7.64 1.06 1.22 470 September ........................ 16.6 4.20 7.39 1.03 1.15 l 440 

The year .................... 16.6 1.10 3. 78 I .525 7.12 J 2, 750 

NoTE.-Attention is called to the fact that the monthly discharge in second-feet rar square mile and the 

run-off de~h in inches do not represent the natural flow from the basin because o artificial storage. The mean of e yearly discharges represents closely the mean natural run-off for the period as etYect of 

storage is eliminated. 
ARKANSAS R.IVER BASIN. 29 

LITTLE BEAVER CREEX: NEAR PIXES PEAX:, COLO. 

LocATION.-In the NW.f of NW.!, sec. 32, T. 14 S., R. 68 W., just above mouth of 

creek 3! miles south of Pikes Peak, El Paso County, Little Beaver Creek enters 

Boehmer Creek from the west 0. 3 mile above reservoir No. 4. Elevation of station, 

11,000 feet. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-1.00 square mile (measured on topographic map). Approximately 

25 per cent of area above timber line; remainder sparsely timbered. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-October 1, 1909, to September 30, 1916. 

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE.-FloW measured by sharp-crested Weir, 24 inches 

long, with complete erid contraction. A stake is driven into bed of stream in 

pool above weir, so that its head is level with crest of weir; depth of water over 

stake is measured by steel scale. Discharge is computed by Francis formula. 

DIVERSIONS.-None. 

REGULATION.-None. 

CooPERATION.-Monthly discharge computed from records collected by Colorado 

Springs Water Department. 

Monthly discharge of Little Beaver Creek near Pikes Peale, Cozo·.,jor the year 'nding Sept. 

30, 1910-1916. 

Discharge in second-feet. Depth in 

.Month. inches on Total in 

Per square drainage acre-feet. 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. mile. area. 

1909-10. 

October ........................... o. 72 0.36. 0.51 0.51 0.59 31.4 

November ........................ .36 .16 .28 .28 .31 16.7 

December ......................... .36 .22 .27 .27 .31 16.6 

January ........................... .36 .36 .36 .36 .42 22.1 

February ......................... .36 .22 .23 .23 .24 12.8 

March ............................. .29 .24 .24 .24 .28 14.8 

~~~·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .36 .29 .30 .30 .33 17.9 

9.26 3.64 6.44 6.44 7.42 396 

June •••........................... .94 .46 .71 .71 • 79 42.2 

July ............................... .46 .10 .20 .20 .23 12.3 

~~x!ber ~ ~:::::::::::::::::::::: .30 .30 .30 .30 .35 18.4 .20 .20 .20 .20 .22 11.9 

Theyear .................... 9.26 .10 .85 .85 11.49 613 I 

1910-11. 

October ........................... .16 .16 .16 .16 .18 9.8 

November.· ....................... .16 .16 .16 .16 .18 I 9.5 

December ......................... .10 .10 .10 .10 .12 6.1 

January ........................... .06 .06 .06 .06 .07 3. 7 February ......................... .06 .06 .06 .06 .06 3.3 

March ............................. .06 .06 .06 .06 .07 3. 7 

~~~·::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1.04 .19 .69 .69 . 77 41.1 

1. 78 .22 1.13 1.13 1.30 69.5 

June .............................. 1.65 1.10 1.37 1.37 1.53 81.5 

July .. ~ ........................... 1.40 1.00 1.27 1. 27 1. 46 78.1 

August ............................ 1.28 .54 1.02 1.02 1.18 62.7 

September ........................ . 72 .45 .53 .53 .59 31.5 

Theyear .................... 1. 78 I .06 .55 .55 I 7.51 I 400 

1911-12. 

October ........................... .46 .16 .35 .35 .40 21.5 

November ........................ .22 .16 .21 .21 .23 12.5 

December ......................... .16 .16 .16 .16 .18 9.8 

January ........................... .16 .16 .16 .16 .18 9.8 

ifu~~---·.::::::::::::::::::::::: .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 

.16 .16 .16 .16 .18 9.8 

~~~·:::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::: .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 • 76 • 76 . 76 • 76 .88 46.7 

June .............................. 3.10 1.00 2.14 2.14 2.39 127 

July •••........................... 1.53 .63 .89 .89 1.03 54.7 

t:et!ile~:::::::::::::::::::::::: .93 .45 .63 .63 . 73 38.7 .63 .22 .31 .31 .35 18.4 

Theyear .................... 3.10 I .00 I .48 .48 .I 6.55 I 319 ._.....__,.,. 
30 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

Monthly discharge of Little Beaver Creek near Pikes Peale, Colo., for the year ending Sept. 

80, 1910-1916-Continued. 

Discharge in second-feet. 

Month. l;~E~~ Total in 

Per square drainage acre-feet. 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. mile. area. 

1912-13. 

October ......... _ ........... _ ..... 0.29 0.10 0.21 0.21 0.24 12.9 

November ........................ .19 .06 .11 .11 .12 6.5 December ........ _ .......... _ . ____ .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 January ................ _ ...... _ ... _ .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 February ......................... . 00 .oo . .00 .00 .00 .0 March ............................. .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .o April. ............................. .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 • .0 

May ........ -.. -- .... ------------- 1.00 .00 .36 .36 .42 22.1 June ......................... -.--- 2.50 1.28 1.71 1.71 1. 91 102 July ............... __ ...... _. ______ 5.00 .63 1. 20 1.20 1.38 73.8 

~~~be~--~:::::::::::::::::::::: 1.00 .63 . 75 • 75 .86 46.1 .93 .45 .55 .55 .61 32.7 

The year .................. __ 5.00 .00 .41 .41 5.54 296 

1913-14. 

October ...................... _ ... _ .65 .40 .54 .54 .62 33.2 November ........................ .54 .22 .34 .34 .38 20.2 December ....................... _. .10 .10 .10 .10 .12 6.1 January ................. _ .... _ .... .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .o 

~~~~~:: ~:::::::::::::::::::::::: .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .o 

~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 5.00 .00 1. 73 1. 73 1.99 106 June ............. ___ ..... _________ 8.36 2. 73 5. 70 5. 70 6.36 339 

July .............................. 3. 62 1.28 2.17 2.17 2.50 133 August ............................. 3.28 1.28 2.30 2.30 2.65 141 September ........................ 1.28 .29 .64 .64 .71 38.1 

The year ............. _ ...... 8.36 .00 1.13 1.13 I 15.33 817 

1914-15. 

October ........................... .45 .22 .34 .34 .39 . 20.9 

November ... ----------- .......... .29 .00 .24 .24 .27 14.3 December ............. _._ ... _._ ... .00 .oo .00 .00 .00 .o January ................ _ ..... __ ... .00 .00 .oo .00 .00 .0 

~~~~h~~:: ~: :::: :: : :: : : : :: : : ::: : :: : .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .o .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 

~~~-----::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 2.34 .00 .83 .83 .96 51.0 June ...... --.------ .. -------------! 10.2 3.28 

I 

5. 71 5. 71 6.37 340 July ................. : ............ : 3.28 .93 1. 57 1. 57 1. 81 96.5 

~~~be~::::::::::::::::::::::: :i 1. 28 .63 .94 .94 1.08 57.8 .63 .45 .54 .54 .60 32.1 

The year ................... -I 10.2 .00 .85 .85 11.48 613 

1915-16. i 

~~~::::::::::::::~::1 .54 .16 .41 .41 .47 25.2 .10 .10 .10 .10 .11 6.0 .06 .00 .02 .02 .02 1.2 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 

.00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 .06 .00 .02 .02 .02 1.2 .06 .06 .06 .06 .07 3.6 1. 60 .06 .45 .45 .52 27.7 .81 .81 .81 .81 .90 48.2 July .............................. i .63 .36 .49 .49 .56 30.1 

Augu,t .•. ······················~ . 72 .45 .56 .56 .65 34.4 Septem"ber ........................ .45 .29 .33 .33 .37 19.6 

The year .................... 1.60 .00 I .27 .27 3.67 197 
ARKANSAS RIVER ~ASIN. 31 

SACKETT CREEK NEAR PIKES PEAK, COLO. 

LocATION.-In the SE.! NW. ! sec. 32, T. 14 S., R. 68 W., just above mouth of 

creek, 4 miles southeast of Pikes Peak, El Paso County. Sackett Creek enters 

Boehmer Creek from the north a·short distance above reservoir No.4. Elevation 

. of station, 11,000 feet. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-0.65 square mile (measured on topographic map). Approximately 

30 per cent of area above timber line, and remainder sparsely timbered. 

RECORD.S AVAILABLE.-0ctober 1, 1909, to September 30, 1916. 

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE.-Flow measll!'ed by sharp-crested weir 24 inches 

long with complete end contraction. A stake is driven into bed of stream in pool 

above weir, so that its head is level with crest of weir; depth of water over stake 

is measured by steel scale. Discharge is computed by Francis formula. 

DIVERSIONS.-None. 

REGULATION.-None, 

CooPERATION .-Monthly discharge computed from records collected by Colorado 

Springs Water Department. 

Monthly discharge of Sackett Creek near Pikes Peak, Colo., for the years ending Sept. 30, 

191o-1916. ' ' 

Discharge in second-feet. Run-off. 

Month. Depth in 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square inches on Total in 

mile. drainage acre-feet. area. 

1909-10. October ........................... 0.87 0.22 0.66 1.01 1.16 40.6 November ... __ . __ . __ ............. • 70 .12 .29 .447 .50 17.3 December .... ____ ...... __ ......... .22 .22 .22 .338 .39 13.5 January ........................... .22 .22 .22 .338 .39 13.5 

~~:.::::::::::::::::::::::::: .22 .12 .15 .231 .24 8.3 .34 .20 .23 .354 • 41 14.1 

ApriL ................. -.---------- 1. 76 .34 .55 .846 .94 32.7 May .......... ___ .................. 2.73 .96 1. 58 2.43 2.80 97.2 June .... __ ... ___ .................. 1.65 .40 1.03 1.58 1. 76 61.3 

i~~si.~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: .40 .12 .17 .261 .30 10.5 .87 .12 .39 .600 .69 24.0 September ........................ .22 .22 .22 .338 .3S 13.1 

The year .................... 2.73 .12 .48 . 734 9.96 346 

October ...... .~ -~~ .· .... _·_ ....... -I .12 I .12 .12 .184 I .21 7.4 November ....... __ ............... .10 .10 .10 .154 .17 6.0 December ........ __ ............... .10 .10 .10 .154 .18 6.1 January ...... __ . ____ .............. .oo .00 .00 .00 .00 .o 

rr~~~ -_:::::::::::::::::::::::: .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .o .oo .00 .00 .00 .00 .o 

ApriL ..... · .............. -.-.------ .22 .22 .22 .338 .38 13.1 May .••••......................... 6:28 .22 1.59 2.45 2.82 97.8 June ............... __ ............. 1.14 .55 . 78 1.20 1.34 46.4 

i~~si.::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2.13 .34 1.14 1. 75 2.02 70.1 7.35 .50 1.27 1.95 2.25 78.1 September ........................ .49 .·22 .34 .523 .58 20.2 

Theyear .................... 6.28 .00 I .48 . 733 9.95 345 

1911-12. October •.••....................... .30 .06 0.14 .215 0.25 8.6 November ...... ____ . __ ........... .36 .36 .36 .553 .62 21.4 December ......... __ .............. .00 .00 .00 .oo .00 .o 

t~~-~:::::::::::::::::::::::: .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 .oo .oo .00 .00 .00 .0 .06 .06 .06 .0923 .11 3. 7 

~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .00 .oo .00 .00 .00 .o . 76 • 76 . 76 1.17 1.35 46.7 June ............. __ .. __ ........... 3.10 1.28 2.06 3.17 3.54 123 July ........ __ .... __ ............... 1.65 .54 .89 1.37 1.58 54.7 

~~:lXir:::::::::::::::::::::::: 1.10 .29 .54 .831 .96 33.2 1.88 .19 .32 .492 .55 19.0 

The year .................... 3.10 .00 .43 I .657 8.96 310 
82 SURFACE WArER SUPPLY, 1916, PART vn. 

Monthly discharge of Sackett Creek near Pikes Peak, Colo., for the years ending Sept. 90, 

191 0-1916-Continued. 

Discharge in second-feet. Run-off. 

Depth in Month. 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square inches on Totai in 

mLe. drainage acre-feet. 

1912-13. October... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . o. 26 o. 06 

November........................ .06 .06 December......................... .00 .00 

t~i~-~~::::::::::::::::::::::: :~ :~ 

~~~-~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~:~ :~ i~~~i·.~::::::::::::: ::::::::::::: :~~ :~~ September........................ .54 .36 

--------1--------1 

The year.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. 62 f . 00 1===='=====: 1913-14. October........................... .63 November........................ .36 December.. .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. . . . . . . 00 

t~'[~~-~~::::::::::::::::::::::: :~ ApriL............................. .00 

~--·.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: t~~ July .............................. : 2.34 

~~:.bei:::::::::::::::::::::::: ~:~ 

.16 

.06 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

1.65 

.82 

I. 53 

.16 

.oo 

0.15 

.06 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.58 

.89 

.85 

.55 

.47 

.30 

0.40 

.23 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

1.99 

3.18 

I. 48 1. 93 

.41 

.81 

0.231 

.0923 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.892 

1.37 

1.31 

.846 

• 723 

.458 

.615 

.354 

.00 

.oo 

.00 

.00 

.00 

3.06 

4.89 

2.28 

2.97 

.631 

The year ................... -~-----6-. 6-4-l 1. 24 

l========l========i======~=======l= 1914-15. 

area. 

0.27 

.10 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

1.03 

1.53 

1.51 

.98 

.81 

6.2a 1 

o. 71 

.40 

.00 

.oo 

.00 

.oo 

.00 

3.53 

5.46 

2.63 

3.42 

. 70 

16.85 

9.2 

3.6 

.o 

.o 

.o 

.0 

.o 35.7 

53.0 

52.3 

33.8 

28.0 

216 

24.6 

13.7 .0 

.o 

.0 

.o 

.o 122 

189 

91.0 

119 

24.4 

584 

October........................... . 45 .10 0.17 . 261 0. 30 10. 5 

November.. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .10 . 06 . 07 .108 .12 4. 2 December......................... .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .0 

t~i~~~~::::::::::::::::::::::: :~ :~ :~ :~ :~ :8 ~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: s:~ :~ 1:~ 2:~ 2:~ 101' 0 

ii~~~~~~~:~~:~:~::~:~~······~~---i-~_H_I _____ ~_f_! 1 ··n -~jl~---~~l~ ___ ~J The year ................... -~~~ ==7=.=49=l====· o=o=f',==·=6=1 I===· 9=44=!1 12.82 

1915-16. October.. .. .. . . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . . . 29 . 06 

November........................ .06 .00 

December......................... .00 .00 

t~~~·::::::::::::::::::::::::: :~ :~ ~~~:: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1:~~ :l: 

June.............................. 1.00 .63 

~*~~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::: Jg Jg 1------·1-------1 

The year.... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1. 78 • 00 

.22 

.02 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.02 

.06 

.83 

.97 

.20 

.15 

.10 

.21 

.338 .39 .0307 .03 .oo .00 

.00 .00 

.00 .00 .0307 .04 .0923 .10 1.28 1.48 1.49 I. 66 ·.307 .35 .231 .27 .154 .17 

.330 

LION' CREEK NEAR HALFWAY, COLO. 

444 

13.5 

1.2 

.o 

.0 

.o 

1.2 

3.6 

51.0 

57.7 

12.3 

9.2 

6.0 

156 

LocATION.-In the NW. i sec. 15, T. 14 S., R. 68 W., at mouth of creek half a mile 

southwest of Halfway, El Paso County. Lion Creek enters Ruxton Creek from 

the west. Elevation of station, 9,250 feet. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-2.00 square miles (measured on topographic map). Includes all 

area above the crater apparently tributary to Sheep Creek. Approximately 

30 per cent of area above timber line, and remainder sparsely timbered. 

RECORDS A VAn.A;BLE.-April 11 1908, to September 301 1916, 
ARKANSAS. RIVER BASIN. 

D:iiJTERMINATION OF DIScHARGE.-Flow measured by sharp-crested weir 30 ·inches 

long with complete end contraction. A stake is driven into bed of stream in pool 

above weir, so that its head is level with crest of weir; depth of water over stake 

is measured by steel scale. Discharge is computed by Francis formula. 

DIVERSIONS.-N one. 

REGULATION .-None. 

CooPERATION _ _:_Monthly discharge computed. from recorda collected by· Colorado 

Springs Water Department. 

Monthly discharge of Lion Creek near Halfway, Colo., for the years ending Sept. 3()1 

1908-1916. 

Month. 

1908. 

Va~:::::::::::::: :::::::::: :~ :::: 

June .............................. July ............................... 

t1=b6r:::: :::::::::::::::::::: 

Theperiod .................. 

1908-9. 

October ........................... November ........................ December ......................... 

~~~y.·:::::::::: ::::::::::::::: 

March ............................. 

~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::~:::: June .............................. July ............................... August ............................ September ........................ 

Theyear .................... 

'1909-10. 

October ........................... November ........................ December ......................... January ........................... 

~~r.:.·.:::::::::::::::::::::::: April .............................. May ............................... June .................. ~ ........... July ............................... August ............................ September ........................ 

Theyear .................... 

1910-11. 

October ........................... November ........................ December ......................... January ........................... 

~~~·.:::::::::::::::::::::::: April .............................. May ............................... June ........... · ................... July ............. -. --........ ' .... - August ............................ September ........ ; ............... 

The year .................... 

Discharge iu second-feet. 

Maximum. Minimum. . Mean. 

1.06 0.45· 0.65 

.80 .37 .60 

52 .30 .43 

.92 .27 .46 

1. 60 • 41 . 78 

1. 02 .45 .71 

Per 

square 

mile. 

0.325 

.aoo 

.215 

.230 

.390 

.355 

I . ...................... ············,······----~·········· 

.96 • 74 .89 .445 

.87 .60 • 75 .375 • 74 .60 .65 .325 

.65 .56 .58 .290 

.65 .48 .58 .290 

.65 .56 .61 .305 

1.38 .EO • 78 .390 

1.16 • 74 .86 .430 

1.08 .48 • 73 .365 

.91 .45 .59 .295 

1. 71 .56 1.00 .500 

3.90 1. 21 2.37 1.18 

3.90 .45 .86 .432 

2.27 1.49 1.87 .935 

1. 49 .87 1. 26 .630 

1.08 .92 1.00 .500 .96 • 74 .86 .430 

.87 .69 • 76 .380 

1.43 .48 .91 .455 

1.16 .69 1.00 .500 

1.27 1.02 1.09 .545 

1.38 .78 .87 .435 

1.60 • 69 .94 .470 

1.43 .87 1.12 .560 

1.38 1.06 1. 22 .610 

2.27 ·.· .48 1.08 .539 

1.22 .87 1.03 .515 

.69 .45 .56 .280 

.69 .24 .60 .300 

56 .41 .50 .250 

.48 .21 .40 .200 

.65 .21 .43 .215 

1.06 .37 .57 .285 .56 .37 .46 .230 

1.06 .27 .38 .190 

.69 .30 .53 .265 

2.67 . 41 1. 36 • 680 1.60 1.10 1. 32 .660 

2.67 • 21 • 68 .340 

100539°~18-WSP 437--3 

Run-off. 

~~E!~: drainage 

area. 

0.36. 

.35 

.24 

.27 

.45 

.40 

............ , 

.51 

.42 

.37 

.33 

.30 

.35 

.44 

.50 

.41 

.34 

.58 

1.32 

5.87 

.108 

• 70 

.58 

.50 

.40 

.52 

.56 

.63 

.49 

.54 

.65 

.68 

7.33 

.59 

. 31 

.35 

.29 

. 21 

.25 

.32 

.27 

. 21 

.31 

. 78 

• 74 

4.63 

Total in 

acre-feet. 

38:7 

36.9 

25.6 

28.3 

48.0 

42.2 

220 

54.7 

44.6 

40.0 

35.7 

32.2 

37.5 

46.4 

52.9 

43.4 

36.3 

61.5 

141 

626 

115 

75.0 

61.5 

52.9 

42.2 

56.0 

59;5 

67.0 

51.8 

57.8: 

68.9. 

72.6: 

780 

63.3 

33.3 

36.9 

30.7: 

22.2 

26.-4 

33.!'l 

28.3· 

22.6-

32.6 

83.6 

78.6 

. 492 
34 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 19161 .PART vn. 

Monthly discharge of Lion Creek near Halfway, Golo.,jor 

1908-1916--Continued. 

the years ending Sept. 90, 

Discharge in second-feet. Run-ofi. 

Month. Per ~~E:~~ Total in Maximum. Minimum. Mean. square drainage acre-feet. mile. area. 

1911-12. 

October ........................... 1.60 0.97 1.11 0.555 0.64 68.2 

November ..•..................... 1.10 • 79 .95 .475 .53 56.5 

December ......................... .91 .67 .78 .390 .45 48.0 

January ..•..•..................... • 73 .61 .65 .325 .37 40.0 

February .•....................... .67 .51 .60 .300 .32 34.5 

March •••••................•....... .87 .56 .66 .330 .38 40.6 

~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2.10 .61 1.07 .535 .60 63.7 

3.31 .85 1.40 .700 .81 86.1 

June .............................. 3.41 .91 1.33 .665 .74 79.1 

July ............................... 2.23 .91 1.43 .715 .82 87.9 

August ....••...................... 2.38 1.63 1.95 .975 1.12 120 

September ........................ 2.10 1.38 1.54 .770 .86 91.6 

The year .................... 3.41 .51 1.12 .562 7.64 816 

1912-13. 

October ........................... 1.60 1.10 1.32 .660 • 76 81.2 

November ........................ 1.24 • 79 1.02 .510 .57 60.7 

December ................•........ .85· .27 .62 .310 .36 38.1 

~~~;:::::::::::::::::::::::::: • 79 .46 .65 .325 .37 40.0 • 73 .61 .67 .335 .35 37.2 

March ............................. 1. 75 .46 .61 .305 .35 37.5 

~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2.40 .56 1.20 .600 .67 71.4 

2. 75 .67 .95 .475 .55 58.4 

June .................... c ••••••••• 1.10 .46 • 70 .350 .39 41.7 

July ............................... 2. 75 .36 .62 .310 .36 38.1 

te~~:be;:::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 

2.10 .56 1.08 .540 .62 66.4 

1.90 1.03 1.37 .685 • 76 81.5 

'fhe year .................. ··I 2. 75 .27 .90 .450 6.11 I 652 

October ... , .. ~~~~~~~~ ............ ·.[ 1.63 1.10 1.40 .700 .81 86.1 

f3~::~i:.::::::::::::::::::::::: I 

1.30 1.03 1.12 .560 .62 66.6 

1.03 • 79 .93 .465 .54 57.2 

~~~zy-:::: :::::::::::::::::::::I . 79 .67 • 72 .3GO .42 44.3 

• 79 .61 .65 .325 .34 36.1 

March ............................. ! .85 .61 • 70 .350 .40 43.0 

~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::1 2.07 .85 1.38 .G90 • 77 82.1 

5.17 1. 75 2.28 1.14 1.31 140 

~::::.::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::: :! 5.62 1. 63 2.49 1. 24 1.38 148 

4.21 2.41 3.39 1. 70 1.96 208 

~~=I;e;: ::::::::::::::::::::::: i 

4.31 2.93 3. 70 1.85 2.13 228 

2.93 1.90 2.40 1.20 1.34 143 

The year .................... 5.62 .61 1. 77 .883 12.02 1,280 

1914-15. 

October ........................... 2.10 1.63 1. 79 .895 1.03 110 

November ........................ 1. 75 1.17 1.45 .725 .81 86.3 

December ......................... 1.30 .97 1.08 .540 .62 66.4 

January ........................... 1.03 .67 .86 .430 .50 52.9 

~i:ZYHU HHiHI 

.91 • 73 .80 .400 .42 44.4 

.97 .61 .76 .380. .44 46.7 

2.93 .67 1.19 .595 .66 70.8 2. 93 1.63 2.09 1.04 1.20 129 

2.23 1.60 1.86 .930 1.04 111 2.93 1.83 2.26 1.13 1.30 139 

3.31 1.90 2.55 1.28 1.48 157 

September ........................ 2. 75 1.90 2.22 1.11 1.24 132 

Theyear .................... 3.31 .61 1.58 .787 10.74 1,150 

1915-16. 

October ........................... 2.07 1.38 1.68 .840 0.97 103 

November ........................ 1.45 1.17 1.28 .640 .71 76.2 

December ......................... 1.17 .91 1.04 .520 .60 64.0 

~1~-\\ .. UY.::·:::·] 

.97 .67 .85 .425 .49 52.3 

.91 .67 • 78 .390 .42 44.9 

1.03 .56 • 76 .380 .44 46.7 

1.17 .67 .88 .440 .49 52.4 

1.45 .79 1.15 .575 .66 70.7 

1.03 .56 • 76 .380 .42 45.2 

i~i-.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::1 6.32 .51 .97 .485 .56 59.6 1.90 1.10 1.45 • 725 .84 89.2 

Septe::r;~~; ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ J 1. 63 1.17 1.46 • 730 .81 86.9 

6.32] .51 1.09 .545] "7.41 791 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 35 

SHEEP CREEK NEAR HALFWAY, COLO. 

LocATION.-In the SW. t sec. 11, T. 14 S., R. 68 W., a quarter of a mile west of Halfway, El Paso County. No tributary between station and mouth a short distance 

below: Sheep Creek enters Ruxton Creek from the west a short distance above 

·Halfway. Elevation of station, 9,100 feet. 

DRAINAGE .AREA.-0.73 square mile (measured on topographic map). Does not include any area above the Crater as this is most probably tributary to Lion Creek. 

Practically all below timber line, but sparsely timbered. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-Aprill, 1908, to September 30, 1916. 

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE.-Flow measured by sharp-crested weir 30 inches long 

with complete end contraction. A stake is driven into bed of stream in pool 

above weir, so that its heap is level with crest of weir; depth of water over stake 

is measured by steel scale. Discharge is computed by Francis formula. 

DIVERSIONS.-N one. 

REGULATION.-None. 

CooPERATION .-L-Monthly discharge computed from records collected by Colorado 

Springs Water Department. 

Monthly discharge of Sheep Creek near Halfway, Colo., for the years ending Sept. 30, 

1908-1916. 

Month. 

Discharge in second-feet. 

Maximum. :Minimum. 

0.30 

.45 

.30 

.24 

1.27 

.56 

0.18 

.26 

.16 

.13 

.15 

.45 

Mean. 

0.27 

.46 

.23 

.18 

.51 

.48 

Run-off. 

Depth in 

Per S_9._?are inches on mil~>. drainage 

0.369 

.629 

.315 

.246 

.698 

.656 

area. 

0.41 

.73 

.35 

.28 

.so 

.73 

Total in 

acre-foot. 

16.1 

28.3 

13.7 

11.1 

31.4 

28.6 

The period .....................••••••••••••••••••••..•. ,...... ••••••.•••.. .••.•••••• 129 

1908-.9. 

October •.••.........••..........•• .45 .'J:l .33 

November ••••.•...••..•••........ .27 .18 .22 

December ..•..••.•••.•............ .24 .21 .22 

t:i~~:: ::::::::::::::::::::::: .24 .21 .21 .24 .13 .16 .18 .13 .14 

~~-~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .52 .15 .25 .48 .26 .34 .41 .21 .32 

~il~~~i:::::::::::::::::::::::: .52 .18 .28 .96 .30 .63 

2.20 .92 1.47 

Theyear •••••••••........... 1 2.20 .13 .38 

1909-10. 

October ....•..•••••.••.•.......... 1.06 .52 .79 

November ••••.•••..••.•.......... .52 .18 .44 December .••••.••••••.•........... .37 .27 .30 January .••••••.•••...•.... _ ...... .24 .21 .23 

February •••••.••... _. _. _ ..•...... .21 .18 .18 March ••••••••.•.................. .60 .18 .34 APril •••••••••.•.................. .65 .24 .46 

~--·.:: :::::::::::::::::::::::::: .69 .52 .62 .60 .30 .45 

=~~:::::::::::::::::::::::: • 78 .41 .47 .82 .45 .63 .65 .45 .54 

The year •••••••••••••••••••• 1.06 .18 I~ 

.451 

.301 

.301 

.287 

.219 

.192 

.342 

.465 

.438 

.38.1 

.862 

2.01 

.521 

1.08 

.602 

.411 

.315 

.246 

.465 

.629 

.848 

.616 

.643 

.862 

.739 

.624 

.52 

.34 

.35 

.33 

.23 

.22 

.38 

.54 

.49 

.44 

.99 

2.24 

7.07 

1.24 

.67 

.47 

.36 

.26 

.54 

• 70 

.98 

.69 

• 74 

.99 

.82 

8.46 i 

20.3 

13.1 

13.5 

12.9 

8.9 

8.6 

14.9 

20.9 

19.0 

17.2 

38.7 

87.5 

276 

48.6 

26.2 

18.4 

14.1 

10.0 

20.9 

27.4 

38.1 

26.8 

28.9 

38.7 

32.1 

330 
36 SURFACE WATER. SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

Monthly discharge of Sheep Greek near Halfway, Colo., for the years ending Sept. 30, 

1908-1916-Continued. 

Discharge in second-feet, Run-off. 

Month. neEthin 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Pers3uare inc eson Total in nu e. drainage acre-feet. area. 

1910-11. 

October ...........••.•............ 0.48 0.37 0.40 0.547 0.63 24.6 November ..••.......•............ .37 .21 .31 .424 .47 18.4 December ............•••.•........ .30 .24 .27 .369 .43 16.6 

~~i~~::::::::::::::::::::::::: .30 .13 .20 .273 .31 12.3 

.13 .08 .10 .137 .14 5.6 

.13 .08 .11 .150 .17 6.8 April. .•••••••.................... .41 .13' .22 .301 .34 13.1 

~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .45 .18 .28 .383 .44 1'7.2 

.37 .08 .15 .205 .23 8.9 July •.•......•.................... .69 .08 .35 .478 .55 21.5 August ....••..................... 1.60 .61 .82 1.12 1~·29 50.4 September •....................... .73 .51 .57 • 780 .87 33.9 

The year .................... 1.60 I .08 .32 .433 5.87 229 

1911-12. 

October . .' ......................... .73 .41_ .51 .698 .80 31.4 November ........................ .46 .32 .37 .506 .56 22.0 December ......................... .36 .23 .29 .397 .46 17.8 January .......................... .23 .16 .20 .274 .32 12.3 

~~~~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::: .16 .13 .15 .205 .22 8.6 

.27 .16 .20 .274 .32 12.3 April. •.•...................•..... 1.03 .20 .39 .533 ..'i9 23.2 

~-:.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2.93 .56 1.23 1.68 1.94 75.6 2.23 . 79 1. 27 1. 74 1. 94 75.6 

~J~~t: _._.::::::::::: ::: : :: : ::: : :: 1. 98 1.03 1.32 1.81 2.09 81.2 

1.63 .91 1.31 1. 79 2.06 80.6 September ........................ 1.10 .67 .80 1.09 1.22 47.6 

The year .................... 2.93 .13 .67 .920 I 12.52 488 

1912-13. october._ ... ____ .. __ .. ___ . _ .... __ . 1.45 .51 .64 .876 1.01 39."4 November ........ ___ ............. .56 .36 .44 .602 .67 26.2 December ......................... .36 .13 .25 .342 .39 15.4 January ................... · ....... .20 .13 .17 .233 .27 10.5 

~~~~~~:::: ::::::::::::::::::::: .13 .10 .13 .178 .19 7.2 

.51 .05 .16 .219 .25 9.8 

E_:_~: ::::: :·::::::::::::: ::::::: 1.38 .23 .64 .876 .98 38.1 

1.24 .46 .63 .862 .99 38.7 

.79 .32 .49 .671 • 75 29.2 

i~~si::::::~: ::::::::::::::::::: 1.17 .20 

I 

.45 .616 .71 27.7 

1.03 .46 -~ .890 1.03 40.0 

September .•...................... 1.03 .56 .73 1.00 1.12 43.4 

Theyear .................... 1.45 .05 . 45 .615 8.36 326 

1913-14. 

October ..••........ _ .. _. _ ..... __ . _ .91 .56 .67 .917 1.06 41.2 November .. .56 .32 .43 .588 .66 25.6 December .... ::::::::::::::::::::: .36 .27 .33 .451 .-52 20.3 January ..•..•............ ___ ..... .27 .23 .26 .356 .41 16,0 

~~~~~~~ ::::::::::::::::::::::::: .27 .20 .22 .301 .31 12.2 

.36 .23 .29 .397 .46 17.8 

~~~:: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1. 75 .36 1.01 1.38 1.54 60.1 

3.31 1.10 2.33 3.19 3.68 143 

June •........•.................... 2.57 -1.52 2.13 2.91 3.25 127 

JUly .............................. 3. 70 1.83 2.69 3.68 4.24 165 

~~~:!i>e~:::::::::::: :::::::::::: 3.31 1.10 2.14 . 2.93 3.38 132 

1.45 • 79 1.03 1.41 1.57 61.3 

Theyear .••..••..•.......... 3. 70 .20 1.13 1.55 21.08 822 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 

Mon'thly discharge of Sheep Creek near Halfway, Colo., from the years ending Sept. 30, 

1908-1916-Dolorado. 

Discharge in second-feet. Run-off. 

Month. Depthin 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square inches on Total in 

mile. drainage acre-feet. area. 

1914-15. 

October •.......................... 0. 79 0.56 o. 72 0.986 1.14 44.3 

November •••..................... .67 .36 .53 • 725 .81 31.5 

December ......................... .46 .27 .34 .465 .54 20.9 

~~~~::::: ::.:::::::::::::::::: 

.32 .23 .25 .342 .39 15.4 

.20 .16 .20 .274 .29 11.1 

.36 .20 .23 .315 .36 14.1 

E_:_::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::: 

3.06 .27 .96 1.31 1.46 57.1 

3.12 1.38 2.11 2.88 3.32 130 

2.84 1. 03 1.80 2.46 2.74 107 

a:~i:::::::::::::::::::::::: 1.83 1.10 1. 41 1.93 2.22 86. 7, 

2.10 1.30 1. 71 2.34 2. 70 106 

1. 75 1.03 1.25 1.71 1.91 74'." 

Theyear .••................. 3.12 .16 .96 1.32 17.88 698 

1915-16. 

October •........•................. .97 .67 .79 1.08 1.24 48.6 

November .••..................... .67 .46 .54 • 739 .82 32.1 

December •......................•• .46 .27 .36 .492 .57 22.1 

!c~~::::::::::::::::::::::::: .36 .23 .26 .356 .41 16.0 

.27 .23 .24 .328 .35 13.8 

.27 .20 .24 .328 .38 14.8 

£.::::::::::::::::::::::~:::::: 1.03 .23 .41 .561 .63 24.4 

1.38 .73 1.10 1.50 1.73 67.6 .91 .27 .54 .739 .82 32.1 

=~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::: 4..52 .27 .57 • 780 .90 35.0 

2.40 .97 1.22 1.67 1.92 75.0 

1.03 .67 • 79 1.08 1.21 47.0 

The year .................... 4.52 .20 .59 .807 10.98 I 428 

SOUTH RUXTON CREEK AT HALFWAY, COLO. 

LocAnoN.-In the SW.!sec.ll, T.l4S., R. 68W., justabove hydroelectric intake at 

Halfway, El Paso County. No surface tributary between station and mouth, a 

--short distance below. South Ruxton Creek enters Ruxton Creek from the south 

at Halfway. Elevation of station, 9,000 feet. 

D~INAGE AREA.-3.95 square miles (measured on topographic map). Practically· 

-all below timber line and heavily timbered. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-June 1, 1906, to September 30, 1916. 

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE.-Flow measured by two sharp-crested weirs, with· 

complete end contraction. Discharge is computed by Francis formula. The· 

main weir is one-third mile above the mouth of the creek and a short distance 

above the hydroelectric intake which has a capacity of 4.63 second-feet. The 

second weir is halfway between the main weir and the mouth of the creek and 

measures the inflow chiefly from springs below the intake and a small amount of 

seepage. At all times except during high water the ca~city of the intake is 

sufficient to take the entire flow passing the main weir, and the flow at the· 

two weirs is combined to give the total run-off'of the basin. During high water 

the excess passing the intake and recorded at the lower weir does not represent 

increased flow between the weirs, and is discarded. In its place is used a. 

constant quantity based on inflow and seepage· at other times. . , 

Dry:ERBioNs.-None. 

REGULATION.-None. 

CooPERATION .-Monthly discharge computed from records collected by Colorado 

Springs Water Department. 
88 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PAR1' VII. 

Monthly discharge of South Ruxton Creelc at Halfway, Colo., for the years ending Sept. 

30, 1906-1916. 

M~nth. 

1906. 

June ••..........•................. 

i~~8i:::: ::::::::::::::::::::::: 

The period .................. 

1906-7. 

October •.•........................ November ••.•.................... December •........................ 

!i~~~-~:::::::::::::::::::::::: 

~---~:::-::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

=:h~i:::::::::::::::::::::::: The year .................... 

1907-8. 

October •.•........................ November •....................... December ..•...................... 

~~~~:.:::::::::::::::::::::::: 

~~-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

i~:~~;:::::::::::::::::::::::: The year .................... 

. 1908-9. 

October ........................... November ••...................... December •.......................• 

~~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

~::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::: =~~;:::::::::::::::::::::::: The year ..................•. 

1909-10. 

October •.•.......••.•........••..• November .•••....•......•........ December .....••.•....•..••..•.•.• 

=~~-~:::::::::::::::::::::::: 

~---~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

=~~;:::::::::::::::::::::::: The year ••••••••••••••...... 

Discharge in second-feet. 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. 

3.50 1.60 2.23 

6.08 1.90 3.59. 

3. 70 2.57 2.95 

Run-oft. 

pepthin 

Permisqeu.are mches or. Total in 

[J, drainage acre-feet. area. 

0.565 0.63 133 

.909 1.05 221 • 746 .86 181 

........................ ..................... ................. .................... .............. 535 

. 2.93 1.30 2.04 .516 .59 125 

3. 70 2.07 2.86 • 724 .81 170 

2.40 1.45 1.85 .468 .54 114 

1.45 1.17 1.34 .339 .39 82.4 

1.30 .79 .1.09 .276 .29 00.6 

1.30 .67 1.00 .253 .29 61.5 

1. 75 • 79 1.18 .299 .33 70.2 

3.12 1.17 2.35 .595 .69 144 

5.40 2.49 3.89 .985 1.10 231 

5.17 2.07 2.57 .651 • 75 158 

5.40· 2.38 3.50 .887 1.02 215 

2.40 1. 75 1.96 .496 .55 117 

5.40 .67 2.11 .541 7.35 1,550 

1.90 1.30 1.50 .380 0.44 92.2 

1.98 1.03 1.19 .301 .34 70.8 

1.03 .79 .91 .231 .27 56.0 

1.45 .73 .86 .218 .25 52.9 

.84 .67 • 74 .188 • 20 dO . 

1.17 .67 .83 .210 .24 51.6 

1. 45 .36 .93 .236 .26 55.3 

1.38 .28 .87 .220 .25 53.5 

• 79 .56 • 70 .177 .20 41.7 

2.00 .67 1.17 .296 .34 71.9 

7.29 2.00 4.30 1.09 1.26 264 

4.95 2.07 2.90 .734 .82 173 

7.29 .28 1. 41 .357 4.87 1,020 

I 

2.07 1.39 1.60 .405 .47 98.4 

1. 75 .85 1.22 .309 .34 72.6 

1.17 .97 1.04 .263 .30 64.0 

1.03 .91 .97 .246 .28 59.6 

.98 .91 .95 .241 .25 52.8 

1.10 .91 .95 .241 .28 58.4 

1.90 .98 1.31 .332 .37 78.0 

2.40 1.45 1.96 .496 .57 121 

3.06 2.10 2.51 .635 .71 149 

2.84 1.83 2.14 .542 .62 132 

4. 73 2.24 3.14 • 795 .92 193 

10.1 4.10 6.15 1.56 1. 74 366 

10.1 .85 1.99 I .505 6.85 1,440 

3.90 2.10 2.88 • 729 .84 177 

2.24 .98 1.81 .458 .51 108 

1.60 .98 1.43 .362 .42 87.9 

1.38 1.17 1.27 .321 .37 78.1 

1.17 .98 1.06 .268 .28 58.9 

2.07 .98 1.25 .316 .36 76.9 

2.94 1.17 1.80 .456 .51 107 

3.60 2.58 3.08 .780 .90 189 

4.31 2.58 3.31 .838 .94 197 

2.84 2.07 2.48 .628 .72 152 

·3.90 2.40 2.89 • 732 .84 178 

2.76 1.60 2.08 .527 .59 124 

4.31 .98 2.12 I .535 1~1 1,530 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN •. 39 

Monthly discharge of South Ruxton Creek at Halfway, Colo., for the years ending Sept. 

30, 1906-1916-Continued. 

Discharge in second-feet. Run-o:ff. 

Month. Depth in 

Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square inches on Total in 

mile. drainage acre-feet. area. 

1910-11. 

October ••••••.••.................. 1. 75 1.38 1.56 0.395 0.46 95.9 

November ••••.................... 1.52 1.17 1.28 .324 .36 76.2 

December ••••.................... 1.24 .98 1.08 .273 .31 66.4 

Z~'i~::::::::::: :::::::::::::: 1.10 .85 1.00 .253 .29 61.5 

1.03 • 73 .91 .231 .24 50.5 

1.30 .67 .96 .243 .28 59.0 

tc~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1.60 .41 1.10 .279 .31 65.5 

1.52 1.30 1.44 .365 .42 88.5 

1. 75 1. 24 1.37 .347 .39 81.5 

July •••••••....................... 4.95 1. 45 2.,35 .595 .69 144 

te~\~~i>~i-:::::::::::::::::::::::: 4.52 1. 75 2.52 .638 • 74 155 

1.90 1. 24 1.49 .377 .42 88.7 

The year •.•................. 4.95 • 41 1.431 .360 4.91 I 1,030 

1911-12. 

October •.•................ .' ....... 1.52 .91 1.19 .301 .35 73.2 

November ••••.................... 1.30 .85 .98 .248 .28 58.3 

December •••...................... .97 • 74 • 79 .200 .23 48.6 

~~~~:::~::::::::::::::::::::: .79 .67 • 73 .185 .21 44.9 

• 79 .61 .67 .170 .18 38.5 

• 79 .61 .68 .172 .20 41.8 

~Jm~~~ ~~: ::: Y: . .::.: ~~~ 1. 63 .61 .99 .251 .28 58.9 

4.31 1.17 2.52 .638 • 74 155 

6.80 2.67 3.95 1.00 1.12 235 

5.18 2. 76 3.33 .843 .97 205 

3.50 2.07 2.80 • 708 .82 172 

2.23 1.60 1. 78 .451 .50 106 

The year ••••................ 6.80 1 .61 1.69\ .431 I 5.881 1,240 

1912-13. 

October ••••....................... 1.9,0 1.24 1. 421 .359 • 41 87.3 

November ••••........•........... 1.52 .98 1.16 .293 .33 69.0 

December ••••..................... .98 0 73 .87 .220 .25 53.5 

t~i?.r!.:::::::: ::::::::::::::::: 

.85 0 73 • 74 .188 .22 45.5 

• 73 .67 .71 .180 .19 39.4 

1.63 .56 0 72 .182 .21 44.3 

~!:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1. 75 .67 1.15 .291 .32 68.4 

2.10 1.17 1.40 .355 .41 86.1 

3.31 1.24 2.20 .558 .62 131 

i~~i:::::: :::::::::::::: ;: :::::: 4.21 1.60 2.531 .641 • 74 156 

3.50 1.631 2.48 .628 • 72 152 

September ••....................•. 3.60 2.67 3.05 • 772 .86 181 

The year .................... 4.21 .561 1.54\ .389 5.28 I 1,110 

1913-14. 

October ........................... 2.93 1.60 1.95 .494 0.571 120 

November ••••.................... 1. 75 .97 1.36 .345 .38 80.9 

December •••••.................... 1.52 1.03 1.20 .304 .35 73.8 

~~::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1. 45 .97 1.03 .261 .30 I 63.3 

1.03 .85 .90 .228 

:~! 50.0 

1.17 • 73 .97 .246 59.6 

~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 4.52 1.17 2.91 • 736 .82 173 

9.37 3.90 7.25 1.84 2.12 446 

11.5 7.67 9.60 2.43 2. 71 571 

=~~;:::::::::::::::::::::::: 8.38 5.62 6. 72 1. 70 1.96 413 

8.31 4.10 5. 72 1. 45 1.67 i 352 

4.00 2.57 3.28 .831 .93 195 

The year •........•...•....•• 11.5 .731~1 .9o51 t2.33 1 2,600 ;,=======-::, 
40 SURFACE WATER. SUPPLY, 1916, PAR.T VII. 

Monthly discharge of South Ruxton Creek at Halfway, Colo., for the years ending Sept. · 30, 1906-1.916-Continued. · 

Discharge in second-feet. Run-off. 

Month. 

:1\Iean. 

Depth in 

Per square inches on Total in Maximum. mile. drainage acre-feet. I Minimum. 

area. 

1914-15: 

October ........................... 2.57 1. 83 2.28 0.578 0.67 140 November ........................ 2.38 1. 24 1. 87 .474 .53 111 December ......................... 1. 75 1. 30 1. 48 .375 .43 91.0 

t~~~~! ~:: ~::::::::::::::::::::: 1. 30 1.17 1. 25 .316 .36 76.9 1. 30 1. 03 1.13 .286 .30 62.8 1.10 .97 1. 02 .258 .30 62.7 

~~~-::: ~:::: ::: :: : : : : : : : : : : :: : : :: 4. 73 1.10 2.09 .530 .59 124 9.37 3.90 6.41 1.62 1.87 394 

June ...... _. ....................... 10.1 7.38 8.94 2.26 2.52 532 July ............................... 7.17 4.10 4.96 1. 26 1.45 305 

August ............................ 5.97 4.52 5.38 1. 36 1.57 331 September ........................ 5.28 3.06 3. 78 .957 1.07 225 

The year .................... 10.1 .97 3.39 .856 i 11.661 2,460 

1915-16. 

October ........................... 3.06 2.38 

' 

2. 70 .683 .79 166 November ........................ 2.40 1. 63 1. 94 .491 .55 115 December ......................... 1. 75 1. 31 1. 56 .395 .46 95:9 

January ........................... 1. 45 1.17 1.30 .329 .38 79.9 

~~~~~~? ·. ~::::::::::::::::::::::: 1. 45 1. 03 1.20 .304 .33 69.0 1.52 .61 1.12 .284 .33 68.9 

April. ............................. 2.57 • 73 1. 40 .355 .40 83.3 

¥~-.-.~::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3.90 1.98 3.15 • 798 .92 194 3. 70 2.10 2. 76 .698 • 78 164 

i~~~i~::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3. 70 1.83 2.04 .517 .60 125 6.44 3. 70 5.16 1. 31 1.51 317 Seytember ........................ 4.41 2.40 3.25 .824 .92 193 

The year .................. 6.44 .61 2.30 .582 7.971 1,670 

CABIN CREEK NEAR HALFWAY, COLO. 

LocATION.-In the SW. t NW. t sec. 11, T. 14 S., R. 68 W., just above hydroelectric 

intake, about three-eighths mile north of Halfway, El Paso County. Cabin Creek 

enters Ruxton Creek half a mile below Halfway. Elevation of station, approximately 9,000 feet. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 2.4 square miles (measured on topographic map). Approximately 

15 per cent of area above timber line and remainder sparsely timbered. · 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 11 1906, to September 30, 1916. 

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE.-Flow measured by two sharp-crested weirs with 

complete end contraction. Discharge is computed by Francis formula. The' 

main weir is about one-third of a mile above the mouth of the creek and just 

above the hydroelectric intake. The second weir is 50 feet above the mouth 

of the creek and measures the flow from springs and small tributaries entering 

below the intake. Except during high water the measured flow at the weirs 

is combined to give the total run-off from the basin. During high water the 

record from the lower weir is discarded and the inflow estimated. (See description of South Ruxton Creek at Halfway, Colo.) 

DIVERSIONs,-None. 

REGULATION .-None. 

CooPERATION .·-Monthly discharge computed from records collected by Colorado 

Springs Water Department. 
ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 41 

Monthly discharge of Cabin Creek near Halfway, Colo., for the year ending Sept. so,. 

1907-1916. 

Discharge .in second-feet. Run-off. 

Month. Per square ~E!:~: Total in Maximum. Minimum. Mean. mile. drainage acre-feet. area. 

1906-7. 

October ..•.•..••.••.....•......... 4.10 2.57 3.24 1.35 1.56 199 

November ••.•.••................. 3.50 1.60 2.38 .992 1.11 142 December ••.•.................... 1.60 .91 1.19 .496 .57 73.2 

~5~~:_:_:_:_.·:·: :_:_::: ::::::::::::: 1.45 .51 .70 .292 • 34 43.0 . .67 .46 .56 .233 .24 31.1 .61 .46 .50 .208 .24 30.7 April •••••....••................ 1.30 .46 .68 .283 .32 40.b 

May ••.•....•.••..•............... 2.07 1.10 1.67 .696 .80 103 June .••.•..•..•................... 3.06 .97 1. 71 • 713 .80 102 July ..•••..•.....•................ 4.10 .85 1.29 .538 .62 79.3 

August .........••••............ 2. 7!> 1.45 1.96 .816 .94 121 September ....••••••••............ 1.45 .91 1.04 .434 .48 .. 61.9: 

The year •.••••.•............ 4.10 .46 1.42 .590 8.02 1,030 

1907-8. 

October •.••...•...•............... 1.17 . 79 .87 .363 .42 53.5 

November .•.....•................ .85 .41 .56 .233 .26 33.3 

December ••........•............. .46 .36 .40 .167 .19 24.6 

~~~~7ry:: :::.·.::::: ::::::::::::: .36 .16 .28 .117 .13 17.2 

.23 .10 .19 .0792 .09 10.9 

March ••••...................... • 79 .20 .32 .133 .15 !9.7 

April ••••••••.•................. • 67 .27 .38 .158 .18 22.6 . May •••••••••.••................•. .85 .41 .52 .217 .25 32.0 

June •••••••••••................... • 46 .:ll .32 .133 .15 19.0 . 

July •••••••••••.................•. .61 .10 .30 .125 .14 18.4 

August ..•••••.•................ 2.57 .27 1.14 .475 .55 70.1 

September ••••••.................. 2.07 1.17 1.45 .604 .67 86.3 

The year ••• ~················ 2.57 .10 .56 .242 3.19 408 

1908-9. 

October •••........................ 1.24 .67 .86 .359 .41 52.9 

November ••...................... • 73 .32 .51 .213 .24 30.3 

December •.•..................... .3d .27 .32 .133 .15 19.7 

January ..•••.•.................. .27 .20 .25 • 104 .12 15.4 . 

=~~ ·. ·.·:::: ·.-.-::::::::::::::: .34 .13 .22 .0917 .10 12.2 

.32 .:ll .22 .0917 .11 13.5 

~~~~: ::::.·. :: :.·.·.: ::::::::::::::: 1.24 .27 .61 .254 .28 36.3. 

1.24 . 73 .93 .388 .45 57.2 

June ••••••........................ 2.23 1.10 1.54 .642 • 72 91.6 

July .• •••························· 1.39 .67 .98 .408 .47 00.3 

August ......................... 3.41 .67 1. 91 . 796 .92 117 

September ........................ 6.32 2.57 4.04 1.68 1. 87 240 

The year ..•••............... 0.32 .13 1.02 .431 5.83 .746 

1909-10. 

October ........................... 2.57 1.24 1. 77 . 737 .85 109 

November ........................ 1.17 .56 . 79 .329 .37 .47.0 

December .•...................... .61 .36 .48 .200 .23 29.5 

~~\:~{/;·.·.~.-~::::<] .41 .23 .30 .125 .14 18.4 

.46 .16 .33 .138 .14 18.3 

1.03 .32 .60 .250 .29 36.9 

1.52 .56 1.01 .421 .47 60.1 

1.98 1.45 1. 67 .696 .80 103 

2.07 1.17 1.51 .629 . 70 89.8 

~*:~~:~-~-:::::-::::::::::::::::1 1.90 .91 1.29 .538 .62 79.3 

1.60 .97 1.27 .529 .61 78.1 

1.60 1.10 1.35 .562 • 63 80.3 .. 

The year ..•.•••.........•... 2.57 .16 1.04 .431 5.85 750 

1910-11. 

October ••.•....................... 1.38 • 91 1.07 .446 .51 65..8 

November •....................... 1.03 .67 .85 .355 .40 50.6 

December ..•..................... • 73 .51 .62 .258 .30 38.1 

irtf~}:{i-:::·:·::··::·· .56 .41 .52 .217 .25 .32.0 

.34 .21 .29 .121 .13 16.1 

.61 .46 .51 .213 .25 31-~ 

1.10 .56 • 75 .313 .35 44 .. 6 

1.17 . 73 .99 .413 .48 60.9 

2.23 .61 .89 • 371 .41 53.0 . 

July .............................. 4.31 .61 1.87 • 779 .90 115 August ......................... 3. 70 1.63 2. 74 1.14 1. 31 168 

September ..........•...•......... 1.83 1.17 1.38 .575 .64 82.1 

The year ................•.•• 4.31 .21 1.05 .437 5.93 758 

•=, 
42 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

Monthly discharge of Cabin Greek near Ha~way, Colo.,jor 

1907-1916- ontinued. 

the year ending Sept. 30, 

Discharge in second-feet. Run-off. 

Month. Per g:E!~~ Total in Maximum. Minimum. Mean. square drainage acre-feet. mile. area. 

1911-12. 

October ••••••.•..................• 1.90 0.85 1.10 0.458 0.53 67.6 

November •••..................... 1.03 .67 .82 .342 .38 48.8 

December ........................ .73 .56 .64 .267 .31 39.4 

~=~:_:_:_::·:': :_:_: ~:::::::::::::: .51 .16 .31 .129 .15 19.1 

.32 .13 .22 .0917 .10 12.7 

. 73 .27 .39 .162 .19 24.0 

e~.--.-::::·:·:::::·:-::::::::::::::::: 2.93 .46 .93 .388 .43 55.3 

6.08 1.10 2.92 1.22 1.41 180 

7.04 2.93 4.22 1. 76 1.96 251 

July ............... -..... -... -.. -- 5.40 2.93 3. 77 1.57 1.81 232 

August ....••................... 4.95 2.23 3.57 1.49 1.72 220 

September ........................ 2.40 1.30 1. 74 .725 .81 104 

The year .................... 7.04 .13 1. 73 .719 9.80 1,250 

1912-13. 

October ........................... 1. 75 .97 1.22 .508 .59 75.0 

November ........................ 1.30 .61 .94 .392 .44 55.9 

December ........................ .73 .20 .47 .196 .23 28.9 

~!~~~:_:_:_::·:·-_:_::::::::::::::::: .36 .16 .28 .117 .13 17.2 

.32 .23 .28 .117 .12 15.6 

.97 .20 .27 .112 .13 16.6 

e~.:·:: :::·::: :-:·:·::::::::::::::::: 2.40 .27 1.13 .472 .53 67.2 

3.22 .91 1.38 .575 .66 84.8 

2. 75 1.03 1.38 .575 .64 82.1 

July ............... -..... -... -- .. - 2.57 .61 1.44 .600 .69 88.5 

August •••••.......•............ 3.31 1. 75 2.10 .875 1.01 129 

September •..••.•................. 

1 

2.57 1.24 2.02 .842 .94 120 

The year ............. _ ... _._ 3.31 .16 1.08 .450 . 6.11 781 

October ...... .~~~~:· .............. I 2.23 1.03 1.51 .629 .73 92.8 

November ....................... ·I 1.38 .61 .96 .400 .45 57.1 

December ........................ .85 .61 .74 .308 .36 45.5 

~1n:/~":":.nF:-:~Y: 1 .67 .51 .59 .246 .28 36.3 

• 56 .46 .50 .208 .22 27.8 . 

.85 .51 .61 .254 .29 37.5 

3.22 . 73 1.99 .830 .93 118 

7.38 2.93 5.12 2.13 2.46 315 

9.37 4.52 6.51 2. 71 3.02 387 

July ................... _ ..... _ .. __ 1 10.1 4.31 6.81 2.84 3.27 419 

August ......................... ! 6.68 2.93 4.60 1.92 2.21 283 

September ........................ 2.67 1.63 2.05 .854 .95 122 

The year ..................... 10.1 .46 2.68 1.17 15.17 1,940 

1914-15. I 

October ................ ~ ......... _1 1.60 .97 1. 34 .558 .64 82.4 

~~{-~{~-~-~jj~j~~H~E 1 1.30 .67 .96 .400 .45 57.1 

• 79 .41 .56 .233 .27 34.4 

.85 .36 .47 .196 .23 28.9 

.46 .41 .44 .184 .19 24.4 

.56 .36 .43 .179 .21 26.4 

f}1~::::::·:::::·:·:: ::::::::::::::: 

3.90 .51 1.52 .634 .71 90.4 

5.62 2.38 _4.27 1.78 2.05 263 

7.29 5.40 6~.47 2.70 3.01 385 

July .................... -. -.. -.... 6.08 3.70 4.83 2.01 2.32 297 

~~~~i>er: :::.::::.:::::::::::::: 5. 74 3.50 4.72 1.97 2.27 290 

4.31 2.23 3.04 1.27 1.42 181 

The year .................... 7.29 .36 2.43 1. 01 13.77 1, 760 

1915-16. 

October ........................... 2.10 1.24 1.65 .688 .79 101 

November ........................ 1.17 .91 1.04 .434 .48 61.9 

December ..................... : . . .91 .73 .80 .334 .39 49.~ 

~~?. :_ :_:_::·:·: :_:_:::: :::::::::::: .73 .56 .62 .258 .30 38.1 

.61 .46 .55 .229 .25 31.6 

.79 .46 . 59 .246 .28 36.3 • 

E~.:·::::·:·:::::·:·::::: :::::::::::: 

1.90 .61 1.02 .425 .47 60.7 

3.06 1.63 2.56 1.07 1.23 157 

2.49 .97 1.68 • 700 .78 100 

July ............................... 3.12 .85 1.16 .484 .56 71.3 

August .................. ~ ...... 4.21 2.10 2.87 1.20 1.38 176 

September ............ , . ; ......... 2.84 1.52 2.09 .872 .97 124 

.The year .................... 4.21 .46 1.40 .580 7.88 1,010 
suRFAcE wATER suPPLY, 1916, PAR.T vn. · 48 

RED RIVER BASIN. 

MEDICINE BLUFF CREEK NEAR LAWTON, OKLA. 

LocATION.-In sec. 18, T. 3 N., R. 12 W., at Medicine Park, 12 miles northwest Qf 

Lawton, in.Comanche County; nearest tributary, Little Medicine Bluff Creek, 

enters a few hundred yards above. · 

DRAINAGE AREA.-Approximately 110 square miles. 

R:EcoRDS AVAILABLE.-November 26, "1912, to September 30, 1916. 

GAGE.-Stevens water-stage recorder installed February 16, 1915, on left bank onethird mile below Medicine Park Hotel. Original gage was vertical staff on left 

bank a short distance below hotel, and set to datum 0. 68 foot higher than that of 

the present gage; fall between the two poi:Q,ts, 0.18 foot. 

DISCHARGE MEABUREMENTS.-Made from cable 100 yards above gage or by Wading 

at control. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL.-Channel composed of sand and gravel overlying bedrock; 

control is rock ledge in the lowest part of which, for a width of 10 feet, are boulders; 

control practically permanent. Banks high and not subject to overflow. 

ExTREMES OF DISCHARGE.-Maximum stage during year, from water-stage recorder, 

5.1 feet October 15 (discharge, 985 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.33 feet at 12· 

noon September 28 (discharge, 0.4 second-foot). 

lcE.-Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice. 

DIVERBIONS.-The Lawton waterworks. diverts about 1.6 second-feet from Lawton 

reservoir on: Medicine Bluff Creek. 

REGULATION.-Flow controlled to a great extent by Lawton reservoir, which is 1! 

miles upstream; capacity, 14,000 acre-feet. 

NATURAL RUN-OFF.-To show natural run-off of Medicine Bluff Creek by months, 

computations have· been made which include flow past gage, daily loss from 

evaporation, gain or loss by storage, and diversion for Lawton waterworks. 

AccuRACY.~Stage-discharge relation pra~tically permanent; not affected by ice . 

. Rating curve well defined below 1,500 second-feet. Operation of water-stage 

recorder satisfactory except for occasional short periods. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to rating table roeap. daily gage height determined by inspection of gage-height graph. Results excellent for medium and hig'h stages. For 

low stages the actual error is ~mall, but the percentage error may be large. 

Discharge measurements of Medicine Blu.ff Creek near Lawton, Okla., during the year · ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

Date. Made byNov •. 18 Robert Follansbee ............... ; ....................................... . A·Pf. 16 J.B.Lenertz ............................................................ . JCay 12 Robert Follansbee ................... __ ..................... -------- ..... . 

Gage 

height. 

Feet. 

2.03 

3.80 

1.62 

Dis-. 

~ge. 

Sec.-ft.· 11.1 

281 

3.4 
44 SUR.FACE WATER. SUPPLY, 1916, PART .Vll. 

Daily d·ischarge, in secondfeet, of Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla., for the year 

ending Sept. 80, 1916. 

Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. I June. I July. Aug •. Sept, 

------

1. ....••.....•. 34 23 16 10 55 13 24 43 21 20 13 6 2 .............. 24 22 11 11 14 24 21 13 23 19 13 71 3 .............. 23 21 11 10 26 11 16 19 21 19 13 13 4 •.••••.•••.... 64 20 11 11 32 3~2 18 8 20 20 13 11 5 .............. 18 19 11 12 60 1.4 25 12 17 26 12 11 

6 .•..•......... 11 18 11 11 34 .8 26 13 15 26 12 4.6 7 ••••.•........ 23 16 11 11 30 17 44 12 16 26 13 .9 8 .•............ 12 33 11 11 23 3.2 36 17 16 26 12 4.8 9 ••••...•....•. 11 20 11 11 33 2.2 24 13 16 27 12 6 10 ••.........•.. 11 12 16 11 22 6 21 32 16 27 12 6 

11. ••....•.•.... 11 19 13 14 29 14 19 8 16 28 14 8 12 .••...••..•.•. 13 12 11 33 113 12 17 3.2 17 28 15 6 13 .••..•........ 12 11 10 12 64 12 19 3.6 17 24 16 7 14 ••.•..•....... 12 64 10 11 55 64 101 8 18 31 15 7 15~-- .........•. 175 12 10 14 45 13 495 24 18 34 16 6 

16 ••............ 648 13 13 18 35 12 282 12 18 11 15 6 17 .•..... -- -·-.- 373 31 9 8 25 12 169 15 18 16 13 6 

18 .•.•. ··--·--.- 350 18 9 13 15 12 126 16 18 13 10 6 19 .••..•........ 300 12 9 7 10 13 98 16 18 15 11 6 20 ••••••.•.•.... 250 11· 9 8 3 12 92 16 18 14 12 6 

21. •••.......... 150 22 9 8 2.2 15 47 15 18 13 12 3.4 22 ••••.••••..... 100 10 10 8 10 17 47 15 18 12 12 3.2 

23 •••••..•...... 55 10 10 8 18 15 56 15 18 12 12 9 24 •••••••••••.. - 56 11 19 8 7 15 44 15 18 12 12 18 25 ••••••••...... 58 15 10 8 6 16 34 15 77 ·12 12 3 

26 ••••••••••.••• 60 11 10 71 17 24 60 15 63 12 12 2.1 27 .............. 50 14 23 200 4.8 17 27 15 49 12 12 1.5 28 ••.••.••.•.•.. 41 14 10 116 24 20 16 15 35 12 12 .5 29 .............. 32 11 10 118 6 13 12 15 21 12 12 .9 30 •••••••••••••• 24 11 10 73 ........ 14 32 15 20 12 10 .9 31. ............. 24 ······· 10 98 ............. 14 ........ 18 ······· 13 8 .. ........ 

I 

NoTE.-Discharge estimated Oct. 18-22, 24-25, 27, Nov. 1-6, Feb. 14-19, June 17, 19-24, 26-28. 

Monthly discharge of Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla., for the year ending Sept. 

30, 1916. 

Month. 

October ............ , ............ __ .................... . November ••.......................... __ ...... _ ....... . December ............................................. . 

t~~~-~-~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ApriL ..................................... __ ......•.•.. 

r~·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

i~rusi::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

September ................ __ ...... __ ._ ................ . 

The year ........................ __ ... ___ ._ ...... . 

Discharge in second-feet. 

Maximum. Minimnm. Mean. 

648 11 97.6 64 10 17.9 23 ,g 11.4 200 7 31.1 113 2.2 28.2 64 .8 14.1 495 12 68.3 43 3.2 15.2 77 15 23.1 34 11 18.8 16 8 12.5 71 .5 8.03 

648 .51 28.9 

RUD-Q:ff 

(total in 

acre-feet). 

6,000 

1,070 

701 

1,.910 

1,~ 

4,060 

935 

1,870 

1,:: 

494 

21,000 
RED RIVER BASIN. 45 

Corrected monthly discharge of Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla., for the year 

ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

Mean dis- Run-off Mean dis- Run-off 

Month. charge in (total in Month. ~g:~a~r:t. (total in 

second-feet. acre-feet). acre-feet). 

October .................. 103 6,330 May ....................... 24.4 1,500 

November ................ 19.4 1,150 June ...................... 23.3 1,390 

December ................ 10.6 652 July ...................... 21.6 1,330 

t=~::::::::::::::::: 40.9 2,510 August ................... 8.0 492 

36.7 2,110 September ................ 9.1 541 

11.5 707 

April ..................... 83.7 4,980 The year .. ···-····· 32.7 23,700 

NoTE.-Record corrected for storage, evaporation, and the diversion to Lawton reservoir. 

LITTLE MEDICINE BLUFF CREEK NEAR LA WTOlf, OKLA. 

LocATION.-One hundred and fifty feet below west line of sec. 18, T. 3 N., R. 12 W., 

half a mile above the mouth of creek and 12~ miles northwest of Lawton, in 

Comanche County. 

DRAINAGE AREA.-Approximately 10 square miles. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-November 26, 1912, to September 30, 1916. 

GAGE.-Vertical staff on left bank; read by J. B. L(mertz. Upstream 200 feet is a 

gage referred to same datum, which is read by observer during flood to determine 

slope between it and regular gage. 

DISCHARGE liEASUREMENTS.-Made by wading near gage. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL.-Channel composed of ledge rock overlaid with sand; control 

is rock ledge just below gage. Between station and crest of small dam on Medicine 

Bluff Creek just below Little Medicine Bluff Creek there is a fall of about 8 feet. 

ExTREMES OF DISCHARGE.-Maximum stage recorded during year, 0. 97 foot April 15 

.·and September 2 (discharge, 41 second-feet). Stream dry most of July and 

. August. 

lcE.-Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice. 

DIVERSIONS.-None. 

RimULATION .-None. 

AccuRACY.-Stage-discharge relation permanent; not affected by ice. Rating curve 

well-defined below 200 second-feet. Gage read to quarter-tenths twice daily. 

Discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. 

Results considered only fair as a very slight error in actual discharge would be a 

·large percentage error. 

The following discharge me~urement was made by Robert Follansbee: 

May 11, 1916: Gage height, 0.18 foot; estimated discharge, 0.3 seco~d-foot. 
46 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

Daily discharge, in second1eet, of Little Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla.; for 

the year ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

Day. oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June July. Aug. Sept. 

------ ---------- 1. ..... -- ·-- --- 1.6 0.2 0.3 0.2 17 0.3 _0.2 0.3 0.2 •0.2 ............ 0.3 2 .............. 1.0 .2 .3 .2 10 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .............. 41 3 .............. .6 .2 .3 .2 3.5 .2 .3 .6 .2 .1 .............. 6.2 4 .............. .3 .2 .3 .2 1.6 .2 .3 .6 .2 .1 ............. 1.6 5 .............. .3 .2 .3 .2 1.6 .2 6 .3 .2 .1 ............. .2 

6 .............. .3 .2 .3 .2 1.6 .3 .6 .3 .2 .1 ............ .2 7 .. ·-- .. -·. ·-·. .3 .2 .3 .2 1.6 .6 .6 .3 .2 .1 .......... .3 '8 ....•.•....... .3 .2 .3 .2 1.0 .6 .6 .3 .1 .1 ............ .2 9 •..••......... .3 .2 .3 .3 1.0 .6 .6 .3 .1 .1 ............ .2 10 .............. .3 .2 .3 .3 .6 .6 .6 .3 .2 .1 ............. .2 

11. ....... -..... .3 .2 .3 .3 .6 .6 .6 .3 .2 ............ ............ .6 12 .............. .3 .2 .2 .3 .6 .6 .6 .3 .2 ............. ............. 1.0 13 ... -.......... .3 .2 .2 .3 .6 .6 2.5 .3 .2 ............. ............. .6 14 ......... -.... .3 .2 .2 .3 .3 .3 4.8 .3 .2 .............. ............. .3 15 ............... 4.8 .2 .2 .3 .3 .3 41 .3 .2 ........... ............ .2 

16 .............. 3.5 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 35 .3 .1 ........... ....... .:. .... .2 17 ... -.. -... ··-. 3. 5 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 25 .3 .1 ............. ............. .2 

18. ············· 1.6 .3 .2 .2 .3 .3 9.4. .6 .1 .. , .......... ............. .2 19 .............. 1.0 .3 - .2 .2 .6 .3 3.5 .6 .2 .............. ............... .2 20 .............. 1.0 .3 .2 .3 .6 .2 2.5 1.0 .2 .3 ........... .2 

21. ............. 1.0 .3 .2 .6 1.0 .2 1.6 1.0 .2 .2 ........... .'2 ~: ... · .......... .6 .3 .2 .6 1.0 .2 1.0 .6 .2 .2 .............. .2 

23 •••.•. ·····-·· .6 .3 .2 .6 1.0 .2 .6 .6 .2 .2 ........... .2 ~.: ............ .6 .3 .2 .6 1.0 .2 .3 .6 .2 .1. ........... .2 

25 .•• · •. ·•·•·••·• .3 .3 .2 1.0 .6 .2 .3 .3 3.0 .1 .......... .2 

26 ... ··•····•··· .3 .3 .2 .2 .6 .2 .3 .3 ;G ............ .......... .2 27 .............. .2 .3 .2 .2 .6 .2 .2 .3 .3 .............. ........... .2 28 .............. .2 .3 .2 .2 .6 .2 .2 .3 .3 ............ .............. .2 29 .•..•.••...... .2 .3 .2 .2 .6 .2 .2 .2 .2 ............ ........... .1 30 .............. .2 .3 .2 .2 .............. .2 .2 .2 .2 ............. """5:3" .1 31. ......•..... : .2 ............. .2 25 ............ .2 . .......... .2 ............ ........... ............. 

· NOTE.-Channel practically dry July 11-19, and July 26 to Aug. 30. Discharge interpolated Oct. 27. 

Monthly discharge of Little Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla., for the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1916. 

Month. 

October ............................................... . November ............................................ . December ............................................. . 

~~~~-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

rE:..·-~:: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: i~st::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: September ••....•...................................... 

The year ........................................ . 
RED RIVER BASIN. 47 

EVAPORATION STATION_ NEAR LAWTON, OKLA. 

LocATION .-In a somewhat sheltered bay on the west side of Lawton reservoir, 12 miles 

northwest of Lawton, in: Comanche County. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE.-February 20, 1913, to September 30, 1916. 

EQUIPMENT FOR MEASUREMENT.-A galvanized iron pan, 3 feet square and 18 inches 

deep, floating in the center of a skeleton raft about 75 feet from the shore; in the 

center of the pan is a vertical needle point which is the reference point for measur· 

ing evaporation. New needle installed May 4, 1916, with point 3 inches below 

top of pan. Old point was 7 inches below top. Rainfall measured by rain gage 

on raft. 

Daily evaporation, in inches, at Lawton reservoir, near Lawton, Okla.,jor the year ending 

Sept. 30, 1916. 

Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. I July. Aug. Sept. 

L ............. 0.31 0.19 0.12 0.04 0.02 0;03 0.00 0.12 0.47 0.29 0.37 0.06 2 .............. .29 .20 .ffl .05 .02 .02 .06 .10 .46 .32 .36 .23 

3 .............. .30 .19 .13 .05 .02 .04 .07 .14 .49 .33 .38 .41 4 .............. .27 .21 .14 .05 .02 .04 .08 .17 .17 .37 .37 .34 

5 .............. .30 .20 .16 .03 .02 .05 .06 .20 .31 .33 .39 .33 

6 .... , ......... .27 .18 .00 .00 .02 .05 .(fl .19 .33 I .30 .37 .31 7 .............. .23 .22 .06 .00 .02 .06 .07 .21 .01 .31 .35 .12 

8 .............. .24 .19 .09 .00 a.03 .06 .05 .28 .44 .30 .36 .29 

9 .............. .23 .21 .10 .03 .04 .05 .06 .47 .47 .32 .38 .32 

10 .............. .23 .18 .08 .03 .03 .ffl .10 .49 .47 ,37 .37 .33 

11. ............. .27 .20 .06 .04 .04 .06 .13 .51 .48 .34 .39 .ffl 12 .............. .32 .21 .07 .03 .02 .06 .10 .19 .37 .33 .38 .08 

13 .............. .26 .18 .07 .03 .03 .07 .10 .27 .36 .33 .38 .29 14 .............. .26 .17 .08 .03 .03 .05 .09 .23 .40 .36 .37 .28 

15 .............. .23 .14 .00 .03 .04 .06 .03 .31 .40 .37 .39 .31 

16 .............. .21 .16 .06 .03 .04 .07 .08 .37 .40 .37 .36 .29 

17.- ............ .25 .17 .ffl .03 .03 .08 .06 .29 .39 .34 .38 .30 

18 .............. .27 .19 .05 .03 .02 .08 .08 .(fl .41 .34 .37 .29 

19 .............. .28 .22 .08 .02 .04 .09 .09 .30 .46 .19 .35 .28 

20 .............. .26 .20 .07 .02 .04 .10 .08 .07 .48 .32 .37 .30 

21. ............. .24 .16 .06 .02 .03 .09 .11 .38 .47 .30 .37 .27 22 •..•.•.••••••. .27 .18 .09 .02 .03 .07 .12 .37 .49 .33 .38 .24 

23 .............. .23 .19 .08 .02 .02 a.o8 .12 .47 .50 .34 .37 .23 

24 .............. .23 .17 .03 .02 .04 .09 .11 .40 .46 .33 .35 .20 

25 .............. .24 .14 .05 .02 .05 .04 .13 .38 .35 .36 .36 .19 

26 •••••••••••••• .21 .17 .03 .02 .04 .04 .12 .33 .41 .37 .38 .21 

27 .............. .19 .13 .02 .02 .02 .(fl .14 .41 .39 .34 .34 .18 

28 .•..•...•..••• .20 .12 a.02 .02 .02 .08 .15 .40 .38 .36 .35 .15 

29 .............. .20 .14 a.02 .02 .03 .(fl .14 .43 .31 .37 .37 .14 

30 .............. .19 .13 .03 .02 .. ........... .06 .04 .50 .30 .36 .36 .16 

31. ............. .18 .......... .00 .02 .. ........ .00 . ........ .43 ........... .35 .10 .. ....... 

a Estimated. 

NoTE.-Reservoir frozen over Jan. 1 to Feb. 5, and evaporation estimated. 

Monthly evaporation, in inches, at Lawton reservoir, near Lawton, Okla., for the year 

ending Sept. 30, 1916. 

November .................. 5.34 ~riL ..................... 2.64 September ................. 7.20 

October ............... ~ .... 7.661 March ...................... 1.881 August .................... 11.17 

~aJt5~~-·::::::::::::::::: :~ ~~::::::::::::::::::::::: 1!Ji Theyear ............. 71.17 

STREAM-GAGING STATIONS 

AND 

PUBLICATIONS RELATIN-G TO WATER RESOURCES 

PART VII. LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 

STREAM-GAGING STATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS RELATING TO WATER RESOURCES. 

INTRODUCTION. 

Investigation of water resources by the United States Geological 

Survey has consisted in large part of measurements of the volume of 

flow of streams and studies of the conditions affecting that flow, but 

it has comprised also investigation of such closely allied subjects as 

irrigation, water_ storage, water powers, underground waters, and 

quality of waters. ~fost of the results of these investigations have 

been published in the series of water-supply pape:ris, but some have 

appeared in the bulletins, professional papers, annual reports,· and 

monographs. 

The results of stream-flow measurements are now published annually in 12 parts, each part covering an area whose boundaries 

coincide with natural drainage features, as indicated below: 

Part I. North Atlantic slope basins. 

II. South Atlantic and eastern Gulf of Mexico basins. 

III. Ohio River basin. 

IV. St. Lawrence River .basin. 

V. Upper Mississippi River and Hudson Bay basins. 

VI. Missouri River basin. 

VII. J..ower Mississippi River basin. 

VIII. Western Gulf of Mexico basins. 

IX. Colorado River basin. 

X. Great Basin. 

XI. Pacific slope basins in California.. 

XII. North Pacific slope basins (in three parts). 

HOW GOVERNMENT REPORTS MAY BE OBTAINED OR CONSULTED. 

Water-supply papers and other publications of the United States 

Geological Survey containing data in ;regard to the water resources 

of the United States may be obtained or consulted as indicated 

below: 

1. Copies may be obtained free of charge by applying to the 

Director of the Geological Survey, Washington, D~ C. The edition 

printed for free distribution is, however, small and is soon exhausted. 

2. Copies may be purchased at nominal cost from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, W ashingto11, 

D. C., who will on application furnish lists giving prices. 

m 
IV SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

3. Sets of the reports may be consulted in the libraries of the 

principal cities in the United States. 

4. Complete sets are available for consultation in the local offices 

of the water-resouroes branch of the Geological Survey, as follow~: 

Boston, Mass., 2500 CustOinhouse .. 

Albany, N.Y., Room 18, Federal Building. 

Atlanta, Ga., Post Office Building. 

Madison, Wis., care of Railroad Commission of Wisconsin. 

Helena, Mont.; Montana National Bank Building. 

Denver, Colo., 403 New Post Office Building. 

Salt Lake City, Utah, 421 Federal Building. 

Boise, Idaho, 615 Idaho Building. 

Phoenix, Ariz., 417 Fleming Building. 

Austin, Tex., Old Post Office Building. 

Portland, Oreg., 416 Couch Building. 

Tacoma, Wash., 406 Federal Building. 

San Francisco, Cal., 328 Customhouse. 

Los Angeles, Cal., 619 Federal Building. 

Honolulu, Hawaii, Kapiolani Building. 

Topeka, Kansas, 25 Federal Building. 

A list of the Geological Survey's publications may be obtained by 

applying to the Director, United States Geological Survey, Wash.;. 

ington, D. C. 

STREAM-FLOW REPORTS. 

Stream-flow records have been obtained at more than 3,800 points 

in the United States, and the data obtained have been published in 

the reports tabulated below: 

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey. 

[A=Annual Report; B=Bulletin; W=Water-Supply Paper.] 

Report. Character of data. 

10th A, pt. 2 ........... Descriptive information only .................................. . 11th A, pt. 2 ........... Monthly discharge and descriptive information ................ . 

12th A, pt. 2 ................ do ......... , ............................................... . 

13th A, pt. 3. . . . . . . . . . . Mean discharge in second-feet ................................. . 

14th A, pt. 2 .•......... Monthly discharge (long-time records, 1871 to 1893) ............ . 

B 131...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, and ratings ......... . 16th A, pt. 2. . . . . . . . . . . Descriptive information only •.................................. B 140.......... .. . .. .. . . Descriptions, measurements, gage heightsi ratings, and monthly discharge (also many data covering ear ier years). W 11.... .. ... . .. . .. . .. . Gage heights (also gage heights for earlierlears) ............... . 18th A, pt. 4. . . . . • . . . . . Descriptions, measurements, ratings, an monthly discharge (also similar data for some earlier years). W 15 ••.••.•............ Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights, eastern United 

States, eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River above 

junction with Kansas. 

W 16.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Descriptions, measurements, and gage height~ western Missis- sippi River below junction of Missouri and .t'latte, and west- ern United States. 

19th A, pt. 4. • • . • . . . . . . Descriptions, measurements~ ratings, and monthly discharge (also some long-time recoras). 

Year. 

1884 to Sept., 1890. 

1884 to June 30, 1891. 

1884 to Dee. 31, 

1892. 

1sr89~~ Dec •. at, 

1893 to 1894. . 

1895. 

1896. 

1895 and 1896. 

1897. 

1897. 

1897. 
STREAM-GAGING STATIONS. 

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey-Continuea. 

Report. Character of data. Year. 

W Zl................... :Meamreii1eJ!ts1 rating~ and gage heights, 2a..,tem United States, 1898. eastern Mississippi J:~;iver and Missouri River. · W 28................... Measurements, ratings, and gage heights, Arkansas River and 1898. western United States. 

20th A, pt. 4• ••..•...... Monthly discharge (also for many earlier years) ••••••••...•.•... 1898. 

W 35 to 39.. •• . • • . . . . . . . Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, and ratings.......... 1899. 

21st A, pt. 4............ Monthlv discharge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . 1899. 

W 47 to 52.............. Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, and ratings.......... 1900. 

22d A,&t. 4 ............ Monthly discharge ..•........................•............. · .... 1900. 

i §:~ ~:~~~~~:~~~::~ -~~~~·:~:T:TI:~7:~:·:s~J·:~r~::::~:~: 1m 

W 124 to 135 ................ do .......................................................... 1904. 

W 165 to 178 ...•............. do .......................................................... 1905. 

W 201 to 214 ................. do..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1906. 

W 241 to 252 ..••............. do .......................... ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1907-8. 

; ~~ ~~ ~t:::: ::::::~::::a~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~m: W 321 to 332 ................ do .......................................................... 1912. 

W 351 to 362 ................ do.......................................................... 1913. 

W 381 to 394 ................. do.......................................................... 1914. 

W401to414 ....•........... do ......................................................... 1915. 

W 431 to 444 • . . . . . . . . . . . .... do. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1916. 

NOTE.-No data regarding stream flow are given in the lith and·17th annual reports. 

v 

The records at most of the stations discussed in these reports 

extend over a series of years, and miscellaneous measurements at 

many points other than regular gaging Etations have been made 

each year. An index of the reports containing records obtained 

prior to 1904 has been published in Water-Supply Paper 119:' 

The following table gives, by years and drainage basins, the nu:r,nbers of the papers on surfaoe-water supply published from 1899 to 

1916. The data for any particular station will, in general, be found 

in the reports covering the years during which the station was 

maintained. For example, data for Machias River at Whitneyville, 

Me., 1903 to 1916, are published in Water-Supply Papers 97, 124, 165, 

201, 241, 261, 281, 301, 321~ 351, 381, 401, and 431, which contain 

records for the New England streams from 1903 to 1916. Results 

of miscellaneous measurements are published by drainage basins. 
Numbers of water-supply papers containing results of stream measurements, 1899-1916. ---

I II III IV v VI VII VIII IX X XI XII 

South 'North Pacific slope basins. 

Atlantic 

North and Hudson Atlantic eastern . St. Bay and Lower Pacific Pacific Year. slofce Gulf of Lawrence Western Lower 

(St. ohn Mexico Ohio River and m'~T~- Missouri Miss is- Gulf of Colorado Great ~~~i- slope in Columbia River. River. sippi River. Basin. Washing- Snake River to (James Great sippi River. Mexico. fornia. ton and River River and 

York River Lakes. River. upper basin. Pacific 

River).' to the Columbia slope in 

Miss is- River. Oregon. sippi). 

1899a •• .' .• 35 b 35,36 36 36 36 c 36,37 37 37 rl37,38 38, e 39 38,/39 38 38 38 

1900 u . .... 47,h 48 48 48, i 49 49 49 49,i 50 50 50 50 51 51 51 51 51 

1901.. •.... 65,75 65,75 65,75 65,75 k 65,66, 75 66,75 k 65,66, 75 66,75 66,75 66,75 66,75 66,~ 66,78 66,75 

1902.. ....• 82 b 82,83 83 b 82,8.1 k 83,85 84 84 85 85 85 

1003 ......• 97 b 97,98 98 97 h98,99,ml()() 99 

190L •.... n 124, o 125, 

p 126 p 126,127 128 129 k 128,130 130,q 131 

1905 ......• n 165, o 166, 

p 167 p 167,168 169 170 171 172 

1906 ••....• n 201, o 202, p 203,204 205 206 207 208 p 203 

1907--8 ..•.. 241 242 243 244 245 246 

1909 ...•..• 261 262 263 264 265 266 

1910 ....... 281 282 283 284 285 286 

1911 ....•.. 301 302 303 304 305 306 

1912 ....... 321 322 323 324 325 326 

1913 ....... 351 352 353 354 355 356 

1914 ....... 381 382 383 384 385 386 

1915 ....... 401 402 403 404 405 406 

1916 ..••••• 431 432 433 434 435 436 

a Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 35-39 contained in Water-Supply 

Paper 39. Estimates for 1899 in Twenty-first Annual Report, Part IV. b James River only. c Gallatin River. . d Green and Gunnison rivers and Grand River above junction with Gunnison. e Mohave River only. t Kings and Kern rivers and south Pacific ~lope basins. 

gRating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 47-52 and data on precipitation, 

wells, and irrigation in California and Utah contained in Water-Supply'Paper 52. Esti- mates for 1900 in Twenty-second Annual Reportt...Part IV. h Wissahickon and Schuylkill rivers to James .tdver. l Scioto River. · · 

k 83,84 85 85 k 98,99 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 k 128,131 132 133 133,1' 134 134 135 135 135 

k 169,173 174 175, t 177 176,1' 177 177 178 178 i 177,178 

k 205,209 210 211 212,1' 213 213 214 214 214 

247 248. 249 250,1' 251 251 252 252 252 

267 268 269 270,1' 271 271 272 272 272 

287 288 289 290 291 292 . 292 292 

307 308 309 310 311 312 312 312 

327 328 329 330 331 332A 332B 332C 

357 358 359 360 361 362A 362B 362C 

387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 

407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 

437 438 439 440 441 4421 443 444 

i Loup and Platte rivers near Columbus, Nebr., and all tributaries below junction 

with Platte. k Tributaries of Mississippi from east. l Lake Ontario and tributaries to St. Lawrence River proper. m Hudson Bay only. n New England rivers only. 6 Hudson River to Delaware River, inclusive. p Susquehanna River to Y adkin River, inclusive. q Platte and Kansas rivers. r Great Basin in California except Truckee and Carson river basins. 8 Jlelow junction with Gila. t Rogue, Umpqua, and Siletz rivers only. 

;::! 

~ 

~ ;r.. 

a 

t;z;j 

- ~ 

~ 

t;j 

P;l 

~ '"tl 

'"tl 

t-t 

,.t-<::1 

.... 

--~ '"tl 

~ 

~ 
STREAM-GAGING STATIONS. vn 

In these papers and in the following lists the stations are arranged 

in downstream ordel'. The main stem of any river is determined 

by measuring or estimating its drainage area-that is, the hea-dwater 

stream having the largest drain_age area is considered the continuation of the main stream, and local changes in name and lake surface 

are disregarded. All stations from the source to the mouth of the 

main stem ·of the river are presented first, and the tributaries in 

regular order from source to mouth follow, the streams in each 

tributary basin being listed before those of the next basin below. 

The exceptions to this rule occur in the records for Mississippi 

~iver, which are given in four parts, as indicated on page III, and 

in the records for large lakes, where it is simpler to take up the streams 

in regular order around the rim of the lake than to cross back and 

forth over the lake surface. 

PART VII. LOWER MISSISSIP~I RIVER BASIN.· 

·PRINCIP A;L STREAMS. 

The principal streams flowing to the Mississippi below the mouth 

of the Missouri on the west and the Oliio on the east, are Meramec, 

White, Arkansas (whose chief. tributaries are Huerfano, Purgatory,, 

Cimarron, Verdigris, Neosho, and Canadian rivers), Yazoo, Homochitto, and Red· rivers. The streams drain wholly or in part the 

States. of. Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mis:. 

sissippf, :Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas. 

In addition to the annotated list of publications relating specifi~ 

cally to the section, these pages contain a similar list of reports that 

are of general interest in many sections and cover a wide range of 

hydrologic ~ubjects, and also· brief references to reports published by 

State and ()ther organizations. (See pp .. XX-XXV.) 

GAGING STATIONS. 

NoTE.-Dash after a date indicates that station was being maintained Sept. 30, 1916; period after a 

date indicates discontinuance. 

MERAMEC RIVER BASIN. 

Meramec Riv~r p.ear Meramec, Mo., 1903-1906. 

Meramec River near Eureka, Mo., 1903-1906. 

Meramec River (Station No.1) at Fenton, Mo., 1903. 

Meramec River (Station No.2) below Fenton, Mo., 1903. 

Dry Fork of Meraaec River near St. James, Mo., 1903. 

Spring Branch: 

Meramec Spring near Meramec, Mo., 1903-1906. 

Courtois Creek at Scotia, Mo., 1905-6. 

WHITE RIVER BASIN. 

White River at Beaver, Ark;, 1909-10. 

White River near Branson,_ Mo.~ 1909-10. 

White River near Lead Hill, Ark., 1909-10. 

White River near Cotter, Ark., 1909-10. 

Buffalo River near Gilbert, Ark., 1909-10. 

North Fork River near Henderson, Ark., 1909-10. 

Black River: 

Eleven Point River: 

Greer Spring at Greer, Mo., 1904. 

Little Red River near Pangburn, Ark., 1909-10. 

ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN. 

Arkansas River, East Fork (head of Arkansas River), near Leadville, Colo., 1890; 1911-

ArkansasRiver at Granite, Qolo., 1897-1899; 1910-

Arkansas River at Salida, Colo., 1895-1903; 1909-

IX 
X SURFACE WAT'ER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

Arkansas River at Canon City, Colo., 1888-1913. 

Arkansas River near Rock Canyon, Colo., 1889. 

Arkansas River at Pueblo, Colo., 1885-1889; 1894-1913. 

Arkailsas River near Nepesta, Colo., 1897-1903; 1909-1913. 

Arkansas River near Manzanola, Colo., 1898. 

Arkansas River near Rocky Ford, Colo., 1897-1903. 

Arkansas River at La Junta, Colo., 1889; 1894-95; 1901; 1903; 1908; 1.912-13. 

Arkansas River at LaS Animas, Colo., 1898; 1909. . 

Arkansas River at New Fort Lyons, Colo., 1911. 

Arkansas River near Prowers, Colo., 1903. 

Arkansas River at Prowers, Colo., 1900-1901. 

Arkansas River near Amity canal head gates, Colo., 1898-99; 1901. 

Arkansas River near Lamar, Colo., 1913. 

Arkansas River near Granada, Colo., 1898-1901; 1903. 

Arkansas River near Holly (Barton or Byron), Colo., 1894; 1901-2; 1907-1913. 

Arkansas River near Coolidge, Kans., 1903. 

Arkansas River near Syracuse, Kans., 1902-1906. 

Arkansas River at Dodge, Kans., 1903-1906. 

Arkansas River near Hutchinson, Kans., 1895-1905. 

Arkansas River at Arkansas City, Kans., 1902-1906. 

Tennessee Fork near Leadville, Colo., 1890; 1903; 1911-

Lake Fork of Arkansas River near Arkansas Junction, Colo., 1890; 1903. 

Half Moon Creek near Leadville, Colo., 1911-1914. 

Lake Creek near Twin Lakes, Colo., 1899-1900. 

Twin Lakes outlet near Twin Lakes, Colo., 1910. 

Clear Creek near Granite, Colo., 1890; 1910. 

Cottonwood Creek near Buena Vista, Colo., 1890. 

Cottonwood Creek at Hot Springs tunnel, near Buena Vista, Colo., 1910-11. 

Cottonwood Creek below Hot Springs, near Buena Vista, Colo., 1911-

South Fork of Cottonwood Creek near Buena Vista, Colo., 1890. 

North Cottonwood Creek near Buena Vista, Colo., 1911-1914. 

Chalk Creek (upper station) near St. Elmo, Colo., 1913-

Chalk Creek near St. Elmo, Colo., 1911-1916. 

Chalk Creek near Buena Vista, Colo., 1910. 

South Fork of Arkansas River at Poncha, Colo., 1911-

Poncha Creek at Poncha, Colo., 1911-

Grape Creek near Canon City, Colo., 1907-1909. 

Oil or Fourmile Creek near Canon City, Colo., 1910. 

West Beaver Creek (head of Beaver Creek) near Victor, Colo., 1900-

Boehmer Creek near Pikes Peak, Colo., 1909-

Little Beaver Creek near Pikes Peak, Colo., 1909-

Sackett Creek near Pikes Peak, Colo.,1909-

Lion Creek near Halfway, Colo., 1908-

Sheep Creek near Halfway, Colo., 1908-

South Ruxton Creek near Halfway, Colo., 1906-

Cabin Creek near Halfway, Colo., 1906-

Huerfano River at Badito, Colo., 1912. 

Huerfano River near Undercliffe, Colo., 1908. 

Cucharas River·at Walsenburg, Colo., 1907-8. 

Purgatory (Las Animas) River at Trinidad, Colo., 1896-1899; 1905-1912. 

Purgatory River near canyon entrance (Alfalfa), Colo., 1905-1907. 

Purgatory River at J. J. ranch near La Junta, Colo., 1898. 

Purgatory River near Las Animas, Colo., 1889 and 1909. 

Big Sandy Creek at Hugo, Colo., 1910-1912. 
STREAM-GAGING STATIONS. 

Arkanaas River tributaries-Continued. 

Big Sandy Creek near Kit Carson, Colo., 1910-1912. 

Big Spring Creek near Arena, Colo., 1910-1912. 

Walnut River near Arkansas City, Kans., 1902-3. 

Salt Fork of Arkansas River near Alva, Okla.; 1904--5. 

Salt Fork of Arkansas River near Tonkawa, Okla., 1903-1905. 

Medicine Lodge River near Kiowa, Kans., 1895-96. 

Cimarron River near Arkalon, Kans., 1895-96; 1903-1905. 

Cimarron River near Kenton, Okla., 1904-5. 

Cimarron River near Garrett, Okla., 1905-1907. 

Cimarron River near Waynoka, Okla., 1903-1905. 

Verdigris River near Independence, Kans., 1904. 

Verdigris River near Liberty, Kans., 1895--1903. 

Verdigris River near Catoosa, Okla., 1903-1905. 

Fall River at Fall River, Kans., 1904-5. 

Neosho River near Neosho Rapids, Kans., 1904. 

Neosho River near lola, Kans., 1895-1903. 

Neosho River near Humboldt, Kans., 1904. 

Neosho River (or Grand River) near Fort Gibson, Okla., 1899; 1903-1905. 

Canadian River near Sanchez, N.Mex., 1912-1914. 

Canadian River at Logan, N.Mex., 1904-05; 1908-1914. 

Canadian River at Calvin, Okla., 1905-1908. 

Chicorica Creek near Raton, N. Mex., 1910-1914. 

Una del Gato Creek near Raton, N: Mex., 1910-1913. 

Cimarron River at Ute Park, N.Mex., 1907-1914. 

Cimarron River at Springer, N.Mex., 1907-1909. 

Rayado River near Cimarron, N.Mex., 1911; 1913; 1914. 

Rayado River above Abreu's ranch, near Cimarron, N. Mex., 1911-1914. 

Rayado River at Abreu's ranch, near Cimarron, N.Mex., 1908-9. 

Rayado River below Abreu's ranch, near Cimarron, N.Mex., 1912-13. 

Rayado River near Springer, N.Mex., 1907-~909. 

·urraca Creek near Cimarron, N.Mex., 1912-1914. 

East Fork of Oeate River at Ocate, N. Mex., 1914. 

Ocate River at Ocate, N.Mex., 1914. 

West Fork of Ocate River at Ocate, N.Mex., 1914. 

Sweetwater Creek near Colmar, N.Mex., 1914. 

Mora River and La Cueva ~al at La Cueva, N. Mex., 1903-1911. 

Mora River near Weber, N. Mex., 1903-4. 

Mora River near Watrous, N.Mex., 1894-1896. 

Mora River near Shoemaker, N.Mex., 1914. 

Sapello River at Sapello, N.Mex., 1903-4. 

Sapello Mill tailrace at Sapello, N. Mex~, 1903-4. 

Sapello River at Los Alamos, N. Mex., 1903-1911. 

Manuelitos River near Sapello, N. Mex., 1903-4. 

Pa.jarito Creek near Hanley, N.Mex., 1911-1913. 

Pa.ja.rito Creek below Vigil Creek, near Hanley, N.Mex., 1912-13. 

Ute Creek near Logan, N.Mex., 1904-190f'>; 1909-1914. 

Beaver Creek (head of North Fork of Canadian River) at Beaver, Okla., 

1904-5. 

North Fork of Canadian River near Woodward, Okla., 1903-1906. 

North Fork of Canadian River near El Reno, Okla., 1902-1908. 

North Fork of Canadian River near Oklaho~, Okla., 1899. 

North Fork of Canadian River near Eufaula, Okla., 1899. 

1:<: 

,I 

\ 
SURFACE. WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VU. 

ARKANSAS RIVER CANALS. 

Oxford Farmers canal near Nepesta, Colo., 1902-3. 

Colorado-Kansas canal near Prowera, Colo., 1903. 

Keese ditch near Prowera, Colo., 1903. 

YAZOO RIVER BASIN. 

Tallahatchie River {head of Yazoo River) at Batesville, Miss., 1906-19U 

Tallahatchie River at Phillip, Miss.; 1908-1913. 

Yazoo River at Greenwood, Miss., 1908-1913. 

Yazoo River at Yazoo City, Miss., 1900-1905. 

Coldwater River at Savage, Miss., 1908-1912. 

Yalobusha River at Grenada, Miss., 1906; 1908-1912 

Sunflower River near Ruleville, Miss., 1909-1912. 

Sunflower River at Baird, Miss., 1908-1912. 

HOMOCHITTO RIVER BASIN. 

Homochitto :r.iver at Rosetta, Miss., 1906. 

RED RIVER BASI X. 

Red River at Arthur City, Tex., 1905-1911. 

Salt Fork of Red River at Mangum, Okla., 1905-6. 

Turkey Creek [Deep Red Run] at Olustee, Okla., 1905-1Q08. 

North Fork of Red River near Granite, Okla., 1903-1908. 

North Fork of Red River near Snyder, Okla., 1905. 

North Fork of Red River near Headrick, Okla., 1905-1908. 

Elm Fork of Red River near Mangum, Okla., 1905-1908. 

Elk Creek near Hobart, Okla., 1904-1908. 

Otter Creek near Mountain Park, Okla., 1903-1908. 

Horse Creek near Mountain Park., Okla., 1905-6. 

Dry Fork of Otter Creek near Mountain Park., Okla., 1905-6. 

Cache Creek: · 

Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla., 1912- 1 

Little Medicine Bluff Creek near Lawton, Okla., 1~12-

Evaporation station near Lawton, Okla., 1913-

Wichita ·River at Wichita Falls, Tex.., 191Q-ll. 

Washita River at Anadarko, Okla., 1902-1908. 

Washita River near Pauls Valley, Okla., 1899. 

Ouachita River near Malvern, Ark., 1903-1905. 

Ouachita River near Arkadelphia, Ark., 1905-6. 

I • 
'"!. 

:8.EPORTS ON WATER RESOUltOES OF THE LOWER KISSISSIPPI 

RIVER BASIN. 

PUBLICATIONS OF UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 

WATElt-SWPLY PAPERS, 

Water-supply papers are distributed free by the Geologiool Survey as long as its stock lasts. .An asterisk 

(*)indicates that this stock has been exhausted. Many of the papers marked in this way may, however, 

be purchased (at price noted) from the SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, W A.S!IJNGTON, D. C. Omis· 

sion of the price indicates that the report is not obtainable from Government sources. Water-supply 

papers are of octavo size. 

*5. Irrigation practice on the Great Plains, by E. B. Cowgill. 1897. 39 pp., 12 

pls. 10c. 

Describes reservoirs for storm and pumped waters, ditching, methods of distributing water, 

cultivation and subirrigaUon, duty of water, and winter irrigation. 

*6. Underground waters of southwestern Kansas, by Erasmus Haworth. ·1897. 65 

. pp., 12 pls. 15c. 

Describes physiography, drainage, geologic formations and water supply, and irrigation devel· 

opment in Meade, Dodge, and Garden quadrangles, including all of Meade County, nearly all of 

Seward, Haskell, and Gray counties, about one·third of Ford County, and one·fourth of Finney 

County; discusses waters of Dakota sandstone and of the Tertiary formations. 

*43. Conveyance of water in irrigation canals, flumes, and pipes, by Samuel Fortier; 1901. 86 pp., 15 pls. 15c. 

Describes the location and construction of various types of canal~ for irrigation. 

57. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part I (Alabama-Montana), by N.H. Darton. 1902. 60 pp. (See No.l49.) 5c. 

61. Preliminary list of deep borings in the'United States, Part II (Nebraska-Wyoming), by N. H. Darton. 1902. 67 pp. 5c. 

Nos. 57 and 61 contain information as to depth, diameter, yield, and head of water in borings 

more than 400 feet deep; under head "Remarks'' give informati_on concerning temperature, 

quality of water, purposes of boring, etc. The lists are arranged by States, and the States are 

arranged alphabetically. A second, revised, edition was pubUshed in 1905 as Water-Supply 

·paper 149 (q. v.). 5c. 

74. Water resources of the State of Colorado, by A. L. Fellowe. 1902. t51 pp.,14 

ple. 25c. · _ .. 

Di~cusses under South Platte, Arkansas, Rio Grande, San Juan,- Grand, aDd Green River 

· divisions, drailiage and irrigation, and gives records of stream flow. 

96. Destructive flobds in the United States in 1903, by E. C. Murphy. 1004. _ 81_pp. 

13 pis. 15c. 

Contains notes on early floods in Mississippi Valley. 

101. U ndeigrmuid waters of southern Louisiana, by G. D. Harris, with discussione of 

thmr:Use& ·for water supplies and ,£or rice irrigation, by M. L. Full~. 1904. 

98 pp., 11 pls. _20c. , , 

Discusses the topography .and stratigraphic geology of the area and the ortgln of the' well 

waters, gives statistics of artesian wells, describes methods of well drilling and pumping, and 

treats briefly ofliee cultivation • 

. 102. COntributioiis to th~ hydrology. of eastern United States, 1903; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist i:ri charge. 1904. 522 pp. 30c. 

Contains brief report~ on springs a.nd wells of Arkansas an'?- Missouri. The reports comprise 

tabulated well records giving1nformation as to location, owner, depth, yield, head, etc., supplemented by notes as to elevation above sea, materials penetrated, temperature, use, and quality; 

mariy miscellaneous $1alyses; · Xlll 
XIV SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, P~RT VII. 

105. The water powers of Texas, by T. U. Taylor. 1904. 116 pp., 17 pls. 15c. 

Gives a resume of the available data regarding water powers and briefly describes the prin· 

cipal streams , including Red and Canadian rivers. . 

*107. Water powers of Alabama, with an appendix on stream measurements in Mississippi, by B. M. Hall. 1904. 253 pp., 9 pls. 20c. 

Appendix contains gage heights, rating tables, estimates of monthly discharge of Yazoo River. 

110. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1904; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 211 pp., 5 pls. lOc. 

Contains a "Summary of the water supply of the Ozark region in northern Arkansas, by 

George I. Adams"; describes the drainage and some of the immense springs of the area, many 

of which have been developed as resorts. 

114. Underground waters of eastern United States; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 

1905. 285 pp., 18 pls. 25c. 

Contains briefreports as follows: 

Mississippi, by L. C. Johnson. 

Louisiana and southern Arkansas, by A. C. Veatch. 

Northern Arkansas, by A. H. Purdue. 

Each of these reports discusses the geologic formation as related to water supply, treats 

particularly of the mineral waters, and gives a list of the principal publications. 

145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1905; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 220 pp., 6 pis. 10c. · 

Contains five short reports relating to areas draining to ihe lower Mississippi River: 

Water resources of the Joplin district, Missouri-Kansas, by W. S. Tangier Smith. Describes 

topography, geology, streams, springs, and wells; gives analyses of waters. 

Water resources of the Winslow quadrangle, Arkansas, by A. H. Purdue. Area includes a 

few square miles of, Oklahoma, discusses water-bearing formation and the quality of spring and 

well waters. 

Notes on certain hot springs of the southern United States, by Walter Harvey Weed. Gives 

an account of the history, topography, geology, flow, temperature, and composition of the Hot 

Springs of Arkansas, including many analyses. 

Notes on certain large springs of the Ozark region, Missouri and Arkansas, compiled by Myron 

L. Fuller. Treats briefly of the conditions under which the springs emerge, and of their flow, 

temperature, and quality. 

Water resources of the contact region between the Paleozoic and Mississippi embayment 

deposits in northern Arkansas, by A. H. Purdue. Describes geology and water resources of a 

belt 12 to 15miles wide extending along the western edge of the Mississippi embayment deposits 

from Arkansas River northward to the Missouri line. Considers source of water, amount, 

chemical character and use of water, prospects for flowing wells, etc. 

147. Destructive floods in the United States in 1904, by E. 0. Murphy and others. 

· 1905 .. 206 pp., 18 pis. 15c. 

Describes floods on Kansas, Neosho, Verdigris, Osage, Arkansas, C3nadian, and Purgatory 

rivers, discussing the streams, precipitation, damages, prevention of future damages, etc. 

*148. Geology and water resources of Oklahoma, by C. N. Gould. 1905. 178 pp., 

22 pis. 20c. 

Describes topography, geology, climate, streams, springs, deep wells (water and oil and gas), 

and artesian water, and discusses the water supply by counties; treats of irrigation from reser-

.voirs, springs, and wells; gives analyses of well waters and table of well records. 

149. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, second edition, with additions, byN. H. Darton. 1905. 175 pp. 10c. ~ 

Gives by States (and within the States by counties), location, depth, diameter, yield, height, 

of water, ap.d-other available information, concerning wells 400 feet or more in depth; includes 

all wells listed in Water-Supply Papers 57 and.61; mentions also principal publications relating 

to deep borings. 

*15:LThe underflowin ArkansasVallet·in. w~ternl(aneas, by C. S. Stichter. 1906. . 90 pp., 3 pis. 15c.. ~ .. 

Discusses origin and extent of the underflow, fluctuations of ground-water level, the chemical 

composition of the waters (including analyses); gives r~lts of measurements at various J)!>inta 

and summaries and details of fUlllping tests. 
PUBLICATIONS. XV 

*154. The geology and water resources of the eastern portion of the Panhandle of 

Texas, by C. N. Gould. 1906. 64 pp., 15 pls. 10c. 

Discusses topography, geology, streams, springs, ground waters, and irrigation; gives details 

by counties. 

159. Summary of the underground-water resources of Mississippi, by A. F. Crider and 

L. C. Johnson. 1906. 86 pp., 6 pis. 20c. 

Describes geography, topography, and general geology of the State; discusses the source, 

depth of penetration, rate of percolation, and recovery of underground waters, artesian requisites, and special conditions in the Coastal Plain formations;. gives notes on wells, by counties, deep-well records, and selected records in detail; treats of sanitary aspect of wells and 

gives analyses. 

*160. Underground-water papers, 1906; M. L .. Fuller, geologist in charge. 1906. 

104 pp., 1 pl. . 

Contains brief report entitled "Drainage of wet lands in Arkansas by wells," by A. F. Crider. 

*162. Destructive floods in the United States in 1905, with a discussion of flood discharge and frequency and an index to flood literature, by E. C. Murphy and 

others. 1906. 105 pp., 4 pls. 15c. 

Gives account of flood on Purgatory River, Colorado, and estimates of flood flow and discharge of Arkansas River at Pueblo, Colo.; contains also index to literature on flood flow in 

American streams. 

*164. Underground waters of Tennessee and Kentucky west of Tennessee River and of 

an adjacent area in Illinois, by L. C. Glenn. 1906. 173 pp., 7 pis. 25c. · 

Describes physical features, static level, and uses ·of waters, artesian conditions, and source 

properties of underground water; discusses topography, geology, and water resources by counties; gives logs of wells, analyses of waters, bibliography of most important reports. 

*191. The geology and water resources of the western portion of the Panhandle of 

Texas, by C. N. Gould. 1907. 70pp., 7pls. 15c. 

Describes the topography and general geology of the area, the deep-seated waters, springs, and 

streams, and the use of the waters for irrigation; discusses details of topography, geology, and 

water supply by counties: 

*195. Underground waters of Missouri, their geology and utilization, by E. M. Shepard. 

1907. 224 pp., 6 pls. 30c. 

Describes the topography and geology of the State, the waters of the various formations, and 

discusses the water supplies by districts and counties; gives statistics of city water supplies, 

analyses of water, and many well records. 

236. The quality of surface waters in the United States, Part I, Analyses of waters 

east of the one hundredth meridian, by R. B. Dole. 1909. 123 pp. 10c. 

Describes collection of samples, methods of examination, preparation of solutions, accuracy of 

estimates, and expression of analytical results; gives results of analyses of waters of Mississippi, 

Arkansas, and Red rivers. 

273. Quality of the water supplies of Kansas, by H. N. Parker, with a preliminary 

report on stream pollution by mine waters in southeastern Kansas, by E. H. S. 

Bailey. 1911. 375 pp., 1 pl. 30c. 

Describes the topographic and geolog~features of the State and the artesian basins; discusses 

the significance of mineral constituents and classification of waters; gives details concerning 

quality of underground water by counties and surface water by drainage basins. 

274. Some stream waters of the western United States, with chapters on sediment 

carried by the Rio Grande and the industrial application of water analyses, 

by Herman Stabler. ~911. 188 pp. 15c. 

Describes collectiqn of samples, plan of analytical work,and methods of analysis; discusses 

soap-consuming power of waters, water softening, boiler waters, and water for irrigation; gives 

results of analyses of samples of water from Sapello River, Salt, North, and Elm forks of Red 

River, and Turkey Creek. 

100539°-18-WSP 437-5 
XVI SURFACE WATEI_t SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

276. Geology and underground waters of northeastern Texas, by C. H. Gordon. 1911. 

78 pp., 2 pis. 10c. 

Describes geography, physiography, and geology of area comprising Bowie, Red River, Lamar, 

Delta, Hopkins, Franklin, Titus, Morris, camp, and Cass counties; discusses the source and 

availability of underground waters, artesian waters of the various formations, and reviews the 

geographic relations, geology, and water resources by counties. 

317. Geology and underground waters of the Wichita region, north-central Texas, by 

C. H. Gordon. 1913. 88 pp., 2 pis. 10c. 

Describes the physiography, climate, surface and deep waters of an area in Montague, Clay, 

Wichita, Wilbarger, Hardeman, Foard, Knox, Baylor, Archer, Jack, Young, Throckmorton, 

and Haskell counties; gives details by counties. 

*345. Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1914. N. C. Grover, chief 

hydraulic engineer. 1915. 225 pp., 17 pis. 30c. 

(a) Preliminary report on ground water for irrigation in the vicinity of Wichita, Kans., by 

0. E. Meinzer, pp. 1-9. 

(b) Ground water for irrigation in the vicinity of Enid, Okla., by A. T. Schwennesen, pp. 

11-23, Pl. 1. 

(d) Ground water for irrigation in the valley of North Fork of Canadian River near Oklahoma. 

City, Okla., by A. T. Schwenneseu, pp. 41-.-51. 

399. Geology and ground waters of northeastern Arkansas, by L. W. Stephenson and 

A. F. Crider, with a discussion of the chemical character of the waters by 

R. B. Dole. 1916. 315 pp., 11 pis. 35c. 

Describes the physiography of Arkansas, the character and distribution of the geologic formations, the streams, lakes, ponds, and swamps, the source, disposal, quantity, and distribution 

of the ground waters and their economic uses; gives details by counties; discusses, under chemical character of the waters, standards of classification, methods of purification, and the quality 

of surface and ground water; contains bibliography and gives many geologic sections and analyses 

of waters. 

ANNUAL REPORTS. 

Each of the papers contained in the annual reports was also issued in separate form. 

Annual reports are distributed free by the Geological Survey as long as its stock laSts. An asterisk(*) 

indicates that this stock has been exhausted. Many of the papers so marked, however, may be purchased 

from the SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. 

*Tenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1888-89, J. W. Powell, 

Director. 1890. 2 parts. *Pt. II. Irrigation, viii, 123 pp. 35c. 

Makes a preliminary report on the organization and prosecution of the survey of the arid lands 

for purposes of irrigation; includes an account of the methods of topographic and hydraulic 

work, the segregation work on reservoir sites and irrigable lands, field and office methods, and 

brief descriptions of the topography of some of the river basins. · 

Eleventh Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1889-90, J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1891. 2 parts. Pt. II. Irrigation, xiv, 395 pp., 30 pis. 

and maps. $1.25. Contains: 

*Hydrography, pp. 1-110. Discusses scope of work, methods ef stream measurement, rainfall 

and evaporation, and describes the more important streams. 

*Engineering, pp. 111-200. Gives an account of the surveys in the Arkansas division. 

*The arid lands, pp. 201-289. Includes a report on artesian irrigation on the Great Plains, 

a discussion of the genera~ considerations affecting artesian water supply, the economic limit to 

the utilization of artesian water for irrigation, irrigation by artesian wells in various countries, 

and the geologic conditions and statistics of artesian wells on the Great Plains. 

*Topography, pp. 291-343. Comprises reports of the topographic surveys in Colorado and 

New Mexico, and on reservoir sites. 
PUBLICATIONS. XVII 

Twelfth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1890-91, J. W. Powell, 

Director. 1891. 2 parts. Pt. II. Irrigation, xviii, 576 pp., 93 pis. $2.00. 

Contains: 

*Report upon the location and survey of reservoir sites during the fiscal year ended June 30, 

1891, by A. H. Thompson, pp. 1-212, Pls. 54-57. Describes reservoir sites in Chaffee, Custer, 

Fremont, Park, El Paso, Pueblo, Huerfano, Las Animas, Bent, Otero, Baca, Kiowa,.and 

Lake counties, Colo. 

*Hydrography of the arid regions, by F. H. Newell, pp. 213-361, Pls. 58-106. Discusses the 

available water supply of the arid regions, the duty of water, flood waters, relation of rainfall 

to river flow, classifies the drainage basins, and describes the rivers of the Arkansas River 

basin. 

Thirteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1891-92, J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1892. (Pts. II and III, 1893.) 3 parts. *Pt. III. Irrigation, xi, 486 pp., 77 pls. $1.85. Contains: 

*Engineering results of irrigation survey by H. M. Wilson, pp. 351-427, Pis. 147-182. 

Describes work at Twin Lakes reservoir and Twin Lakes dam, Colorado. 

*Report upon the construction of topographic maps and the selection and survey of reservoi. 

sites in the hydrographic basin of Arkansas River, Colo., by A. H. Thompson, pp. 429---444. 

Sixteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1894-95, Charles 

D. Walcott, Director. 1896. (Pts. II, III, and IV, 1895.) 4 parts. *Pt. II. 

Papers of an economic character, xix, 598 pp., 43 pli:>. $1.25. Contains: 

The public lands and their water supply, by F. H. Newell, pp. 457--533, Pls. 35-39. Describes 

general character of the public lands, the lands disposed of (railroad, grant, and swamp lands 

and private miscellaneous entries), lands reserved (Indian, forest, and military reservations), 

the vacant lands, and the rate of disposal of vacant lands; discusses the streams, wells, and 

reservoirs as sources of water supply; gives details for each State. 

Seventeenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1895-96, Charles 

D. Walcott, Director. 1896. 3 parts in 4 vols. *Pt. II. Economic geology 

and hydrography, xxv, 864 pp., 113 pis. $2.35. Contains: 

The underground water of the Arkansas Valley in eastern Colorado, by G. K. Gilbert, pp. 

551-601, Pls. 56-68. Describes the geology and topography of the district, the general conditions under which artesian water occurs, the gathering grounds, capacity, distribution, and 

quality of the water of the Dakota sandstone, the water of the upland sands, the terraces, and 

the dune sands, and the underflow of rivers and creeks. 

Twenty-first Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1899-1900, 

Charles D. Walcott, Director. 1900. (Parts III, IV, VI, VI continued, and 

VII, 1901.) 7 parts in 8 vols. and separate case for maps with Pt. V. *Pt. 

IV, Hydrography, 768 pp., 156 pis. $2.35. Contains: 

*The High Plains and their utilization, by W. D. Johnson, pp. 601-741, Pis. 113-156. Describes the area situated in an irregular belt lying about midway across the long eastward slope 

of the Great Plains and including parts of Wyoming, Colorado, and Nebraska (North and South 

Platte, Platte, Republican, and Smoky Hill River basins), Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, 

Oklahoma, and Texas (Arkansas River basin), and Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas (Rio 

Grande basin); discusses the origin and structure of tle High Plains, the precipitation, temperature, and other factors of climate, experiments with irrigation, and the use of mountain streams, 

local storm-water storage, and artesian waters. Concluded in the Twenty-second Annual 

Report, Pt. IV, pp. 631-669, Pis. 51-65. ($2.20.) 

*Pt. VII, Texas, 666 pp., 71 p:ts. $1.90 Consists of: 

Geography and geology of the Black and Grand prairies, Texas, with detailed descriptions 

of the Cretaceous formations and special reference to artesian waters, by Robert T. Hill. Describes an area in Texas and southern Indian Territory [Oklahoma], comprising about 50,000 

square miles; describes relief, drainage, and soils; gives a resume of principles governing underground water; describes the artesian well systems of Texas and gives details of artesian conditions in Black and Grand prairies by counties; treats briefly of the chemical qualities of the 

artesian waters and gives analyses. 
XVIII SUR.FACE ~ATER. SUPPLY, 1916, PAR.T VII. 

Twenty-second Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1900-1901, 

Charles D. Walcott, Director. 1901. (Parts III and IV, 1902.) 4 parts. 

*Pt. IV, Hydrography, 690 pp., 65 pis. Contains: 

*The High Plains and their utilization (conclusion of paper in Twenty-first Ann. Rept., pt. 

4), by W. D. Johnson, pp. 631-669, Pls. 51-65. 

BULLETINS. 

An asterisk (*)indicates that the Geological Survey's stock of the paper is exhausted. Many of the papers 

SO marked may be purchased from the SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. Bulletins are of octavo size. 

*264. Record of deep-well drilling for 1904, by M. L. Fuller, E. F. Lines, and A. C. 

Veatch. 1905. 106 pp. 10c. 

Discusses the importance of accurate well records to the driller, to owners of oil, gas, and water 

wells, and to the geologist; descnbes the general methods of work; gives tabulated records of 

wells in Arkansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Kansas, Missouri, Tennessee, and Texas, 

and detailed records of wells in Otero County, Colo.; Greenwood, Montgomery, and Neosho 

counties, Kans., and St. Louis County, Mo. These wells were selected because they give definite stratigraphic information. 

*298. Record of deep-w~l1 drilling for 1905, by M. L. Fuller and Samuel Sanford. 

1906. 299 pp. 25c. 

Gives an account of progress in the collection of well records and samples; contains tabulated 

records of wells in Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, 

New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas; and detailed records of wells in Hempstead 

County, Ark.; Fremont and Pueblo counties, Colo.; Allen, Chase, Coffey, and McPherson 

counties, Kans.; Panola County, Miss.; Nowata, Washington, Tulsa, Murray, Okmulgee, and 

Pawnee counties, Okla., and Clay and Roberts counties, Tex. The wells of which detailed 

sections are given were selected because they afford valuable stratigraphic information. 

PROFESSIONAL PAPERS. 

Professional papers are distributed free by the Geological Survey as long as its stock lasts. An asterisk (* 1 

indicates that this stock has been exhausted. Many of the papers marked with an asterisk may, however, be purchased from the SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. Professional papers 

are of quarto size. 

*32. Preliminary report on the geology and underground-water resources of. the 

central Great Plains, by N. H. Darton. 1905. 433 pp., 72 pls. $1.80. 

Describes altitudes and slopes, climate, drainage, stratigraphic structure, historical geology, 

and the water horizons; discusses deep wells and prospects (by counties and towns) in South 

Dakota, Nebraska, central and western Kansas, eastern Colorado, and eastern Wyoming; dis· 

cusses also the occurrence of coal, petroleum, and natural gas, salt, gypsum, gold, iron ore, and 

other minerals. 

*46. Geology and underground-water resources of northern Louisiana and southern 

Arkansas, by A. C. Veatch. 1906. 422 pp., 51 pls. $1.50. · 

Describes the historical geology and topographic development of a portion of the Coastal Plain; 

discusses the fundamental principles governing underground waters and their application to 

this region; contains account of methods and costs of well making, gives well predictions and a 

short discussion of the underground conditions in each county, and data in regard to wells 

arranged in tables by counties, followed by notes giving sections, analyses of waters, etc.; contains also a dictionary of altitudes, arranged by counties. 

*52. Geology and underground waters of the Arkansas Valley in eastern Colorado, 

by N. ~· Darton. 1906. 90 pp., 28 pls. 

Describes the stratigraphic, structural, and historical geology of the Arkansas Valley and the 

relation of the geologic formations to the underground waters; discusses the source, deptlj.s, 

areas of flow, head, quantity, and quality of the waters of the "Dakota" sandstone, and the 

waters. of the "Red Beds" and Morrison formations, the Laramie and associated formations, the 

later Tertiary deposits, and the dune sands. "An extension of the preliminary examination 

of the region by G. K. Gilbert in 1894 and 1895.'' See Seventeenth Annual Report, part 2, 1896, 

pp. 551-601. 
PUBLICATIONS. XIX 

GEOLOGIC FOLIOS. 

Under the plan adopted for the preparation of a geologic map of the United States 

the entire area is divided into small quadrangles, bounded by certain meridians and 

parallels, and these quadrangles, which number several thousand, are separately 

surveyed and mapped.1 The unit of survey is also the unit of publication, and the 

maps and description of each quadrangle are issued in the form of a folio. When all 

the folios are completed, they will constitute the Geologic Atlas of the United States. 

A folio is designated by the name of the principal town or of a prominent natural 

feature within the quadrangle. Each folio includes maps showing the topography, 

geology, underground structure, and mineral deposits of the area mapped and several 

pages of descriptive text. · The text explains the maps and describes the topographic 

and geologic features of the country and its mineral products. The topographic map 

shows roads, railroads, waterways, and, by contour lines, the shapes of the hills and 

valleys and the height above sea level of all points in the quadrangle. The arealgeology map shows the distribution of the various rocks at the surface. The structuralgeology map shows the relations of the rocks to one another underground. The 

economic-geology map indicates the location of mineral deposits that are COli11D.ercially valuable. The artesian-water map shows the depth to underground-water 

horizons. Economic-geology and artesian-water maps are included in folios if the 

conditions in the areas mapped warrant their publication. The folios are of special 

interest to students of geography and geology and are valuable as guides in the development and utilization of mineral resources. 

The folios numbered from 1 to 163, inclusive, are published in only one form (18 by 

· 22 inches), called the library edition. Some of the folios that bear numbers higher 

than 163 are published also in an octave edition (6 by 9 inches). Owing to a fire in 

the Geological Survey building May 18, 1913, the stock of geologic folios was more or 

less damaged byfire and water, but 80 or 90 per cent of the folios are usable. They 

will be sold at the uniform price of 5 cents each, with no reduction for wholesale 

orders. This rate applies to folios in stock from 1 to 184, inclusive (except reprints), 

also to the library edition of folio 186. The library edition of folios 185, 187, and higher 

numbers sells for 25 cents a copy, except that some folios which contain an unusually 

large amount of matter sell at higher prices. The octavo edition of folio 185 and higher 

numbers sells for 50 cents a copy, except folio 193, which sells for 75 cents a copy. A 

discount of 40 per cent is allowed on an order for folios or for folios together with topographic maps amounting to $5 or more at the retail rate. 

All the folios contain descriptions of the drainage of the quadrangles. Thefoiios in 

the following list contain also brief discussions of the underground waters in connection 

with the economic resources of the areas and more or less information concerning the 

utilization of the water resources. 

An asterisk (*) indicates that the stock of the folio is exhausted. 

36; Pueblo, Colorado. 5c. 

Describes the relations of geologic formations to underground waters. 

*58. Elmoro, Colorado. 5c. 

Discusses artesian water of the Dakota formation. 

68. Walsenburg, Colorado. 5c. 

Describes artesian waters. 

1 Index maps showing areas in the lower Mississippi River basin covered by topographic maps and by 

geologic folios will be mailed on receipt of request addressed to the Director, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D. c. 
XX SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VIL 

*71. Spanish Peaks, Colorado. 5c. 

Describes artesian waters of the area. 

122. Tahlequah, Oklahoma-Arkansas. 5c. 

Gives a brief account of the springs and underground waters. 

*132. Muskogee, Oklahoma. 5c. 

Discusses springs, wells, and surface waters. 

*135. Nepesta, Colorado. 5c. 

Discusses the source, head, and chemical properties of the artesian waters; gives records of 

deep borings, and treats briefly on irrigation by ditches from Arkansas River; gives analyses 

of water from wells at Pueblo and from a spring at Fowler. 

148. Joplin district, Missouri-Kansas. (Reprinted in 1914.) 50c. 

Discusses the water power of Spring River, Shoal Creek, and Center Creek, the municipal 

water supplies of Carthage, Webb City, Joplin, and Galena, and the dug wells and springs of 

the country districts, and artesian wells. 

186. Apishapa, Colorado. 1 

Mentions briefly the development of irrigation in the quadrangle; discusses water-bearing 

beds, artesian head, and the most favorable places for borings for artesian waters. 

198. Castle Rock, Colorado. 25c. 

Describes storage of water near the head of Monument Creek (tributary to Arkansas River) 

and treats briefly of the underground waters. 

MISCELLANEOUS REPORTS. 

Other Federal bureaus, State and other organizations have from 

time to time published reports relating to water resources of various 

sections of the country. Notable among those pertaining to the 

lower Mississippi River drainage basin are the reports of the State 

geologists of Kansas, Tennessee, Louisiana, an(J. Texas, the Mississippi Agricultural Experiment Station, the Chief of Engineers, 

United States Army, the Mississippi River Commission, and the 

Tenth _Census, volume 17. The following reports deserve special 

mention: 

Special report on well waters in Kansas, by Erasmus Haworth, State geologist: 

Kansas Univ. Geol. Survey Bull. 1, 1913. 

Report of the Board of irrigation survey and experiment for 1895 and 1896 to the 

Legislature of Kansas, 1897. 

Report on the underground waters of Louisiana, by G. D. Harris, A. C. Veatch, 

and others: Louisiana Geol. Survey Bull. 1, 1905. 

Geology and underground water resources of northern Louisiana, with notes on 

adjoining districts, by A. C. Veatch: Louisiana Geol. Survey Bull. 4, 1906. 

Report on water purification investigation and on plans proposed for sewerage waterworks systems: New Orleans Sewerage and Water Board, 1903. 

Water powers of Arkansas: A preliminary report on White River and some of its 

tributaries, by W. N. Gladson. 1911. 

Preliminary report upon the drainage of lands overflowed by the North and Middle 

forks of Forked Deer River and Rutherford Fork of Obion River in Gibson County, 

1 Issued in two editions--library (18 by 22 inches), 5c. and o:?tavo (6 by 9 inches), 50c. Specify edition 

desired. 
PUBLICATIONS. XXI 

Tenn., by A. E. Morgan and S. H. McCrory: 1'ennessee Geol. Survey Bull. 3-B, 1910. 

The delta of the iMisslssippi: the physics of the river, the control of its floods, and 

the redemption of the alluvion, by Col. Caleb G. Forshey, Cambridge, 1873. 

Report upon the physics and hydraulics of t:b.e Missi.ssippi River, by A. A. Humphreys and H. L. Abbot: Prof. Papers Corps Top .. Eng. U.S. Army, No.4, 1861. 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY HYDROLOGIC REPORTS OF GENERAL 

INTEREST. 

The following list comprises reports not readily classifiable by 

drainage basins and covering a wide range of hydrologic investigations: 

WATER-SUPPLY PAPERS. 

*1. Pumping w~ter for irrigation, by H. M. Wilson. 1896. 57 pp., 9 pis. 

Describes pumps and motive powers, windmills, water wheels, and various kinds of engines; 

also storage reservoirs to retain pumped water until needed for irrigation. 

*3. Sewage irrigation by G. W. Rafter. 1897. 100 pp., 4 pis. (See Water-Supply 

Paper 22.) 10c. 

Discusses methods of sewage disposal by intermittent filtration and by irrigation; describes 

utilization of sewage in Germany, England, and France, and sewage purification in the United 

States. 

*8. Windmills for irrigation, by E. C. Murphy. 1897. 49 pp., 8 pis. lOc. 

Gives results of experimental tests of windmills during the summer of 1896 in the vicinity of 

Garden, Kans.; describes instruments and methods and draws conclusions. 

*14. New tests of certain pumps and water lifts used in irrigation, by 0. P. Hood, 

1898. 91 pp., 1 pl. lOc. 

Discusses efficiency of pumps and water lifts of various types. 

*20. Experiments with windmills, by T. 0. Perry. 1899. 97 pp., 12 pis. 15c. 

Includes tables and descriptions of wind wheels, makes comparisons of wheels of several types 

and discusses rasults. 

*22. Sewage irrigation, Part II, by G. W. Rafter. 1899. 100 pp., 7 pis. 15c. 

Gives resume of Water-Supply Paper No. 3; discusses pollution of certain streams, experiments on purification of factory wastes in Massachusetts, value of commercial fertilizers, and 

describes American sewage-disposal plants by States; contains bibliography of publications 

relating to sewage utilization and disposal. 

*'41. The windmill: its efficiency and economic use, Part I, by E. C. Murphy. 1901. 

72 pp., 14 pis. 15c. 

*42. The windmill: its efficiency and economic use, Part II, by E. C. Murphy. 1901. 

75 pp., 2 pis. lOc. 

Nos. 41 and 42 give details of results of experimental tests with windmills of various types. 

*43. Conveyance of water in irrigation canals, flumes, and pipes, by Samuel Fortier. 

1901. 86 pp., 15 pis. 15c. 

*56. Methods of stream measurement. 1901. 51 pp., 12 pis. 15c. 

Describes the methods used by the Survey in 1901-2. See also Nos. 64, 94, and 95. 

64. Accuracy of stream measurements, by E. C. Murphy. 1902. 99 pp., 4 pis. 

(See No. 95.) lOc. 

Describes methods m measuring velocity of water and of measuring and computing stream flow 

and compares results obtained with the different instruments and methods; describes also 

experiments and results at the Cornell University hydraulic laboratory. A second, enlarged, 

edition published as Water-Supply Paper 95. 
XXII SUR.FACE WAT'ER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

*67. The motions of underground waters, by C. S. Slichter. 1902.«. 106 pp., 8 pls. 

15c. 

Discusses origin, depth, and amount of underground waters; permeability of rocks and porosity 

of soils; causes, rates, and laws of motions of underground water; surface and deep. zones of flow, 

and recovery of waters by open wells and artesian and deep wells; treats of the shape and 

position of the water table; gives simple methods of measuring yield of flowing wells; describes 

artesian wells at Savannah, Ga. 

72. Sewage pollution in the metropolitan area near New York City and its effect on 

inland water resources, by M. 0. Leighton. 1902. 75 pp., 8 pis. lOc. 

Defi.n:es "normal" and "polluted" waters and discusses the damage resulting from pollution. 

*80. The relation of rainfall to run-off, by G. W. Rafter. 1903. 104 pp. 10c. 

Treats of measurement of rainfall and laws and measurements of stream flow; gives rainfall, 

run-off, and evaporation formulas; discusses effect of forests on rainfall and run-off. 

87. Irrigation·in India (second edition), by H. M. Wilson. 1903. 238 pp., 27 pis. 

25c. 

First edition was published in Part II of the Twelfth Annual Report. 

93. Proceedings of first conference of engineers of the Reclamation Service, with 

accompanying papers, compiled by F. H. Newell, chief engineer. 1904. 

361 pp. 25c. 

Contains, in addition to an account of the organization of the hydrographic [water-resources] 

branch of the United States Geological Survey, and the reports of the conference, the following 

papers of more or less general interest: . 

Limits of an irrigation project, by D. W. Ross. 

Relation of Federal and State laws to irrigation, by Morris Bien. 

Electrical transmission of power for pumping, by H. A. Storrs. 

Correct design and stability of high masonry dams, by Geo. Y. Wisner. 

Irrigation surveys and the use of the plane table, by J. B. Lippincott. 

The use of alkaline waters for irrigati.on, by Thomas H. Means. 

*94. Hydrographic manual of the United States Geological Survey, prepared by 

E. C. Murphy, J. C. Hoyt, and G. B. Hollister. 1904. 76 pp., 3 pis. lOc. 

Gives instruction for field and office work relating to measurements of stream flow by current 

meters. See also No. 95. 

*95. Accuracy of stream measurements (second, enlarged edition), by E. C. Murphy. 

1904. 169 pp., 6 pis. 

Describes methods of measuring and computing steam flow and compares results derived 

from different instruments and methods. See also No. 94. 

103. A review of the laws forbidding polultion of inland waters in the United States, 

by E. B. Goodell. 1904. 120 pp. (See No. 152.) 

Explains the legal principles under which antipollution statutes become operative, quotes 

court decisions to show authority for various deductions, and classifies according to scope the 

statutes enacted in the different States. 

110. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1904; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 2ll pp., 5 pis. 10c. 

Contains the following reports of general interest. The scope of each paper is indicated by 

its title. 

Description of underflow meter used in measuring the velocity and direction of underground 

water, by Charles S. Slichter. 

The California or "stoyepipe" method of well construction, by Charles S. Stichter. 

Approximate methods of measuring the yield of flowing wells, by Charles S. Slichter. 

Corrections necessary in accurate determinations of flow from vertical well casings, from notes 

furnished by A. N. Talbot. 

Experiment relating to problems of well contamination at Quitman, Ga., by S. W. McCallie. 
PUBLICATIONS. XXIII 

113. The disposal of strawboard and oil-well wastes, by R. L. Sackett and Isaiah 

Bowman. 1905. 52 pp., 4 pis. 5c. 

The first paper discusses the pollution of streams by sewage and by trade wastes, describes 

the manufacture of strawboard and gives results of various experiments in disposing of the 

waste. The second paper describes briefly the topography, drainage, and geology of the region 

about Marion, Ind., the contamination of rock wells and of streams by waste oil and brine. 

114. Underground waters of eastern United States; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 

1905. 285 pp., 18 pis. 25c. 

Contains report on "Occurrence of underground waters,'! by M. L. Fuller, discussing sources, 

amount, and temperature of waters, permeability and storage capacity of rocks, water-bearing 

formations, recovery of water by springs, wells, and pumps, essential conditions of artesian 

flows, and general conditions affecting underground waters in eastern United States. 

119. Index to the hydrographic progress reports of the United States Geological 

Survey, 1888 to 1903, by J. C. Hoyt and B. D. Wood. 1905. 253 pp. 15c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

120. Bibliographic review and index of papers relating to underground waters published by the United States Geological Survey, 1879-1904, by M. L. Fuller. 

1905. 128 pp. 10c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*122. Relationofthelawtounderground waters, by D. W.Johnson. 1905. 55pp. 5c. 

Defines and classifies underground waters, gives common-law rules relating to their use, and 

cites State legislative acts affecting them. 

140. Field measurements of the rate of movement of underground waters, by C. S. 

Slichter. 1905. 122 pp., 15 pls. 15c. 

Discusses the capacity of sand to transmit water, describes measurements of underflow in Rio 

Hondo, San Gabriel, and Mohave River valleys, Cal., and on Long Island, N.Y.; gives results 

of tests of wells and pumping plants, and desert bes stovepipe method of well construction. 

143. Experiments on steel-concrete pipes on a working scale, by J. H. Quinton. 

1905. 61 pp., 4 pis. 

Scope indicated by title. 

144. The normal distribution of chlorine in the natural waters of New York and New 

Engl~nd, by D. D. Jackson. 1905. 31 pp., 5 pis. 10c. 

Discusses common salt in coast and inland waters, salt as an index to pollution of streams and 

wells, the solutions and methods used in chlorine determinations, and the use of the normal 

chlorine map; gives charts and tables for chlorine in the New England States and New York. 

145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1905; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 220 pp., 6 pis. 10c. 

Contains brief reports of general interest as follows: 

Drainage of ponds into drilled wells, by Robert E. Horton. Discusses efficiency, cost, and 

capacity of drainage wells, and gives statistics of such wells in southern Michigan. 

Construction of so-called fountain and geyser springs, by Myron L. Fuller. 

A convenient gage for determining low artesian heads, by Myron L. Fuller. 

146. Proceedings of second conference of engineers of the Reclamation Service, with 

accompanying papers, compiled by F. H. Newell, chief engineer. 1905. 

267 pp. 15c. 

Contains brief account of the organization of the hydrographic [water-resources] branch and 

the Reclamation Seni.ce, reports of conferences and committees, circulars of instruction, and 

many brief reports on subjects closely related to reclamation, and a bibliography of technical 

papers by members of the service. Of the papers read at the conference those listed below 

(scope indicated by title) are of more or less general interest: 

Proposed State code of water laws, by Morris Bien. 

Power engineering applied to irrigation problems, by 0. H. Ensign. 

Estimates on tunneling in irrigation projects, by A. L. Fellows. 
XXIV SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

146. Proceedings of second conference of engineers of the Reclamation Service-Con. · Collection of stream-gaging data, by N. C. Grover. 

Diamond-drill methods, by G. A. Hammond. 

Mean-velocity and area curves, by F. W. Hanna. 

Importance of general hydrographic data concerning basins of streams gaged, by R. E. Horton. 

Effect of aquatic vegetation on stream flow, by R. E. Horton. 

Sanitary regulations governing construction camps, by M. 0. Leighton. 

Necessity of draining irrigated land, by Thos. H. Means. 

Alkali soils, by Thos. H. Means. 

Cost of stream-gaging work, by E. C. Murphy. 

Equipment of a cable gaging station, by E. C. Murphy. 

Silting ofreservoirs, by W. M. Reed. 

Farm-unit classification, by D. W. Ross. 

Cost of power for pumping irrigating water, by H. A. Storrs. 

Records of flow at current-meter gaging stations during the frozen season, by F. H. Tillinghast. 

147. Destructive floods in the United States in 1904, by E. C. Murphy and others. 

1905. 206 pp., 18 pls. 15c. 1 

Contains a brief account of" A method of computing cross-section area of waterways," including formulas for maximum discharge and areas of cross section. 

*150. Weir experiments, coefficients, and formulas, by R. E. Horton. 1906. 189 pp., 

38 pis. (See Water-Supply Paper 200.) 15c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*151. Field assay of water, by M. 0. Leighton. 1905. 77 pp., 4 pis. 10c. 

Discusses methods, instruments, and reagents used in determining turbidity, color, iron, 

chlorides; and hardness in connection with the studies of the quality of water in various parts 

of the United States. 

152. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of inland waters in the United States 

(second edition), by E. B. Goodell. 1905. 149 pp. 10c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*155. Fluctuations of the water level in wells, with special refere;n.ce to Long Island, 

N.Y., by A. C. Veatch. 1906. 83 pp., 9 pls. 25c. 

Includes general discussion of fluctuation due to rainfall and evaporation, barometric changes, 

temperature changes in rivers, changes in lake level, tidal changes, effects of settlement, irrigation, dams, underground-water developments, and to indeterminate causes. 

*160. Underground-water papers, 1906; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 1906. 104 

pp., 1 pl. 

Gives account of work in 1905; lists of publications relating to underground waters, and cont.ains the following brief reports of general interest: 

Significance of the term "artesian," by Myron L. Fuller. 

Representation of wells and springs on maps, by Myron L. Fuller. 

· Total amount of free water in the earth's crust, by Myron L. Fuller. 

Use of flourescein in the study of underground waters, by R. B. Dole •. 

Problems of water contamination, by Isaiah Bowman. 

Instances of improvement of water in wells, by Myron L. Fuller. 

*162. Destructive floods in the United States in 1905, with a discussion of flood discharge and frequency and an index to flood literature, by E. C. Murphy and 

others. 1906. 105 pp., 4 pls. 15c. 

*163. Bibliographic review and index of underground-water literature published in 

the United States in 1905, by M. L. Fuller, F. G. Clapp, and B. L. Johnson. 

1906. 130 pp. 15c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*179. Prevention of stream pollution by distillery refuse, based on investigations at 

Lynchburg, Ohio, by Herman Stabler. 1906. 34 pp., 1 pl. 10c. 

Describes grain distillation, treatment of slop, sources, character, and effects of e:ftluents on 

streams; discusses filtration, precipitation, fermentation, and evaporation methods of disposal 

of wastes without pollution. 
PUBLICATIONS. XXV 

*180. Turbine water-wheel tests and power tables, by R. E. Horton. 1906. 134 pp., 

2 pis. 20c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*185. Investigations on the purification 1of Boston sewage, by C.-E. A. Winslow and 

E. B. Phelps. 1906. 163 pp. 25c. 

Discusses composition, disposal, puri:fjcation, and treatment of sewages and recent tendencies 

in sewage-disposal practice in England, Germany, and the United States; describes character 

of crude sewage at Boston, removal of suspended matter, treatment in septic tanks, and purl~ 

fication in intermittent sand filtration &nd coarse material; gives bibliography. 

*186. Stream pollution by acid-iron wastes, a report based on investigations made at 

Shelby, Ohio, by Herman Stabler. 1906. 36 pp., 1 pl. 

Gives history of pollution by acid-iron wastes at Shelby, Ohio, and resulting litigation; discusses effect of acid-iron liquors on sewage-purification processes, recovery of copperas from 

acid-iron wastes, and other processes for removal of pickling liquor. 

*187. Determination of stream flow during the frozen season, by H. K. Barrows and 

R. E. Horton. 1907. 93 pp., 1 pl. 15c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*189. The prevention of stream pollution by strawboard waste, by E. B. Phelps. 1906. 

29 pp., 2 pls. 5c. 

Describes manufacture of strawboardl, present and proposed methods of disposal of waste 

liquors, laboratory investigations of ]>recipitation and sedimentation, and field studies of 

amount and character of water used, raw material and finished product, and mechanical 

filtration. 

*194. Pollution of.Illinois and Mississippi rivers by Chicago sewage, a digest of the 

testimony taken in the case of the State of Missouri v. the State of Illinois 

and the Sanitary District of Chicago, by M. 0. Leighton. 1907. 369 pp., 

2 pls. 40c. 

Scope indicated by amplification of title. 

*200. Weir experiments, coefficients, and formulas (revision of paper No. 150), by 

R. E. Horton. 1907. 195 pp., 38 pls. 35c. 

Scope i.D.dicated by title. 

*226. The pollution of streams by sulphite-pulp waste, a study of possible remedies, 

by E. B. Phelps. 1909. 37 pp., 1 pl. 10c. 

Describes manufacture of sulphite pulp, the waste liquors, and the experimental work leading 

to suggestions as to methods of preventing stream pollution. 

*229. The disinfection of sewage and sewage filter effluents, with a chapter on the 

putrescibility and stability of sewage effluents, by E. B. Phelps. 1909. 91 

pp., 1 pl. 15c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*234. Papers on the conservation of water resources. 1909. 96 pp., 2 pls. 15c. 

Contains the following papers, whose scope is indicated by their titles: Distribution of rainfall, 

by Henry Gannett; Floods, by M. 0. Leighton; Developed water powers, compiled under the 

direction of W. M. Steuart, with discussion by M. 0. Leighton; Undeveloped water powers, by 

M. 0. Leighton; Irrigation, by F. H. Newell; Underground waters, by W. C. Mendenhall; 

Denudation, by R. B. Dole and Herman Stabler; Control of catchment areas, by H. N. Parker. 

*235. The purification of some textile and other factory wastes, by Herman Stabler 

and G. H. Pratt. 1909. 76 pp. 10c. 

Discusses waste waters from wool scouring, bleaching and dyeing cotton yarn, bleaching 

cotton piece goods, and manufacture of oleomargarine, fertilizer, and glue. 

236. The quality of surface waters in the United States, Part I. Analyses of waters 

- east of the one hundredth meridian, by R. B. Dole. 1909. 123 pp. 10c. 

Describes collection of samples, methods of examination, preparation of solutions, accuracy 

of estimates, and expression of analytical results. 
XXVI SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

238. The public utility of water powers and their governmental regulation, by Rene 

Tavernier and M. 0. Leighton. 1910. 161 pp. 15c. 

Discusses hydraulic power and irrigation, French, Italian, and Swiss legislation relative to the 

development of water powers, and laws proposed in the French Parliament; reviews work of 

bureau of hydraulics and agricultural improvement of the French department of agriculture, 

and gives resume of Federal and State water-power legislation in the United States. 

*255. Underground waters for farm use, by M. L. Fuller. 1910. 58 pp., 17 pis. 15c. 

Discusses rocks as sources of water supply and the relative safety of supplies from different 

materials; springs, and their protection; open or dug and deep wells, their location, yield, 

relative cost, protection, and safety; advantages and disadvantages of cisterns and combination 

wells and cisterns. 

*257. Well-drilling methods, by Isaiah Bowman. 1911. 139 pp., 4 pis. 15c. 

Discusses amount, dio;;tribution, and disposal of rainfall, water-bearing rocks, amount of 

underground water, artesian conditions, and oil and gas bearing formations; gives histOry of 

well drilling in Asia, Europe, and the United States; describes in detail the various methods 

and the machinery used; discusses loss of tools and geologic difficulties; contamination of well 

waters and methods of prevQntion; tests of capacity and measurement of depth; and cost of 

sinking WllllS. 

*258. Underground-water papers, 1910, by M. L. Fuller, F. G. Clapp, G. C. Matson, 

Samuel Sanford, and H. C. Wolff. 1911. 123 pp., 2 pis. 15c. 

Contains the following pape~ (scope indicated by titles) of general interest: 

Drainage by wells, by M. L. Fuller. 

Freezing of wells and related phenomena, by M. L. Fuller. 

Pollution of underground waters in limestone, by G. C. Matson. 

Protection of shallow wells in sandy deposits, by M. L. Fuller. 

Magnetic wells, by M. L. Fuller. 

259. The underground waters of southwestern Ohio, by M. L. Fuller and F. G. Clapp, 

with a discussion of the chemical character of the waters, by R. B. Dole. 

1912. 228 pp., 9 pis. 35c. 

Describes the topography, climate, and geology of the region, the water-bearing formations, 

the source, mode of occurrence, and head of the waters, and municipal supplies; gives details by 

counties; discusses in supplement, under chemical character, method of analysis and expression 

of results, mineral constituents, effect of the constituents on waters for domestic, industrial, or 

medicinal uses, methods of purification, chemical composition; many analyses and field assays. 

The matter in the supplement was also published in Water-Supply Paper 254 (The underground 

waters of north-central Indiana). 

280. Gaging stations maintained by the United States Geological Survey, 1888-1910, 

and Survey publications relating to water resources, compiled by B. D. 

Wood. 1912. 102 pp. 10c. 

*315. The purification of public water supplies, by G. A. Johnson. 1913. 84 pp., 

8 pis. lOc. 

Discusses ground, lake, and river waters as public supplies, development of waterworks 

systems in the United States, water consumption, and typhoid fever; describes methods of 

filtration and sterilization of water and municipal water softening. 

334. The Ohio Valley flood of March-April, 1913 (including comparisons with some 

earlier floods), by A. H. Horton and H. J. Jackson. 1913. 96 pp., 22 pis. 20c. 

Although relating specifically to floods in the Ohio VaUey, this report discusses also the 

causes of floods and the prevention of damage by floods. 

337. The effects of ice on stream flow, by William Glenn Hoyt. 1913. 77 pp., 

7 pis. 15c. 

Discusses methods of measuring the winter flow of streams. 

*345. Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1914. N.C. Grover, chief 

hydraulic engineer. 1915. 225 pp.,' 17 pis. 30c. 

(e) A method of determining the daily discharge of rivers of variable slope, by M. R. Hall, 

W. E. Hall, and C. H. Pierce, pp. 53-65. 
PUBLICATIONS. XXVII 

364. Water analyses from the laboratory of the United States Geological Survey, 

tabulated by F. W. Clarke, chief chemist. 1914. 40 pp. 5c. 

Contains analyses of waters from rivers, lakes, wells, and springs in various parts of the 

United States, including analyses of the geyser water of Yellowstone National Park, hot 

springs in Montana, brines from Death Valley, water from the Gulf of Mexico, and mine 

waters from Tennessee, Michigan, Missouri and Oklahoma, Montana, Colorado and Utah, 

Nevada and Arizona, and California. 

371. Equipment for current-meter gaging stations, by G. J. Lyon. 1915. 64 pp., 

37 pis. 20c. 

Describes methods of installing automatic and other gages and of constructing gage wells, 

shelters, and structures for making discharge measurements and artificial controls. 

*375. Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1915. N.C. Grover, chief 

hydraulic engineer. 1916. 181 pp., 9 pls. 

(c) The relation of stream gaging to the science of hydraulics, by C. H. Pierce and R. W. 

Davenport, pp. 77-84. 

(e) A method of correcting river discharge for a changing stage, by B. E. Jones, pp. 117-130. 

(j) Conditions requiring the use of automatic gages in obtaining records of stream flow, by 

C. H. Pierce, pp. 131-139. 

Three papers presented at the conference of engineers of the water-resources branch in 

December, 1914. 

400. Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1916. N.C. Grover, chief 

hydraulic engineer. 

(a) The people•s"interest in water-power resources, by G. 0. Smith, pp. 1-8. 

(c) The measurement of silt-laden streams, by Raymond C. Pierce, pp. 39-51. 

(d) Accuracy of stream-flow data, by N. C. Grover and J. C. Hoyt, pp. 53-59. 

416. The divining rod, a history of water witching, with a bibliography, by Arthur 

J. Ellis. 1917. 59 pp. 10c. 

A brief paper published ''merely to furnish a reply to the numerous inquiries that are 

continually being received from all parts of the country" as to the efficacy of the divining rod 

for locating tmdergronnd water. 

ANNUAL REPORTS. 

*Fifth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1883-84, J. W. Powell, 

Director. 1885. xxxvi, 469 pp., 58 pis. $2.25. Contains: 

*The requisite and qualifying conditions of artesian wells, by T. C. Chamberlin, pp. 125-

173, Pl. 21. Scope indicated by title. 

*Twelfth Annuai Report ofthe United States Geological Survey, 1890-91, J. W. Powell, 

Director. 1891. 2 parts. Pt. II, Irrigation, xviii, 576 pp., 93 pis. $2 

Contains: 

*Irrigation in India, by H. M. Wilson, pp. 363-561, Pis. 107-146. See Water-Supply Paper 87. 

Thirteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1891-92; J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1892. (Pts. II and III, 1893.) 3 parts. *Pt. III, Irrigation, xi, 486 pp., 77 pis. $1.85. Contains: 

*American irrigation engineering, by H. M. Wilson, pp. 101-349, Pis. 111-146. Discusses the economical aspects of irrigation, alkaline drainage, silt and sedimentation; gives brief 

history of legislation; describes perennial canals in Idaho-California, Wyoming, and Arizona; 

discusses water storage at reservoirs of the California and other projects, subsurface sources of 

supply, pumping, and subii-rigation. 

Fourteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1892-93, J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1893. (}>t. II, 1894.) 2 parts. *Pt. II, Accompanying 

papers, xx, 597 pp., 73 pis. $2.10. Contains: · 

*The potable waters of eastern United States, by W J McGee, pp. 1-47. Discusses cistern 

water, stream waters, and ground waters, including mineral springs and artesian wells. 

*Natural mineral waters of the United States, by A. C. Peale, pp. 49-88, Pis. 3 and 4. Dis· 

cusses the origin and flow of mineral springs, the source of mineralization, thermal springs, the 

chemical composition and analysis of spring waters, geographic distribution, and the ntili.:.ation 

of mineral waters; gives a list of American mineral spring resorts; contains also some ·analyses; 
XXVITI SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

Nineteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1897-98, Charles 

D. Walcott, Director. 1898. (Parts II, III, and V, 1899.) 6 parts in 7 vols. 

and separate cases for maps with Pt. V. *Pt. II, Papers chiefly of a theoretic 

nature, v, 958 pp., 172 pis. $2.65. Contains: 

*Principles and conditions of the movements of ground water, by F. H. King, pp. 59-294, Pis. 

6-16. Discusses the amount of waters stored in sandstone, in soil, and in other rocks, the 

depth to which ground water penetrates; gravitational, thermal, and capillary movements of 

ground waters, and the configuration of the ground-water surface; gives the results of experimental investigations on the flow of air and water through a rigid, porous media, and through 

sands, sandstones, and silts; discusses results obtained by other investigators, and summarizes 

results of observations; discusses also rate of flow of water through sand and rock, the growth of 

rivers, rate of filtration through soil, interference of wells, etc. 

*Theoretical inyestigation of the motion of ground waters, by C. S. Slichter, pp. 295-384, Pl. 

17. Scope indicated by title. 

PROFESSIONAL PAPERS. 

*72. Denudation and erosion in the southern Appalachian region and the Monongahela basin, by L. C. Glenn. 1911. 137 pp., 21 pis. 35c. 

Describes the topography, geology, drainage, forests, climate, population, and transportation facilities of the region, the relation of agriculture, lumbering, mining, and power development to erosion and denudation, and the nature, effects, and remedies of erosion; gives details 

of conditions in Holston, Nolichucky, French Broad, Little Tennessee, and Hiwassee river 

basins, along Tennessee River proper, and in the basins of the Coosa-Alabama system, Chattahoochee, Savannah, Saluda, Broad, Catawba, Yatlkin, New, and Monongahela rivers. 

86. Th~ transportation of deb lis by running water, by G. K~ Gilbert, based on experiments made with the assistance of E. C. Murphy. 1914. 263 pp., 3 pis. 70c. 

The results of an investigation which was carried on in a specially equipped laboratory at 

Berkeley, Cal., and was undertaken for the purpose of learning "the laws which control the 

movement of bed load and especially to determine how the quantity of load is related to the 

stream's slope and discharge and to the degree of comminution of the debris." 

A highly technical report. 

105. Hydraulic mining debris in the Sierra Nevada, by G. K. Gilbert. 154 pp., 

34 pis. 1917. 

Presents the results of an investigation undertaken by the United States Geological Survey 

in response to a memorialfrom the California Miners' Association asking that a particular study 

be made of portions of the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys affected by detritus from torrential streams. The report deals largely with geologic and physiographic aspects of the subject, 

traces the physical effects, past and tuture, of the hydraulic mining of earlier decades) the similar 

effects which certain other industries induce through stimulation of the erosion of the soil, and 

the influence of the restriction of the area of inundation by the construction of levees. Suggests 

cooperation by several interests for the control of the streams now carrying heavy loads of debris. 

BULLETINS. 

*32. Lists and analyses of the mineral springs of the United States (a preliminary 

study), by A. C. Peale. 1886. 235 pp. 

Defines mineral waters, lists the springs by States, and gives tables of analyses so far as 

available. 

*319. Summary of the controlling factors of artesian flows, by Myron L. Fuller, 

1908. 10c. · 

Describes underground reservoirs, the sources of underground waters, the confining agents, 

the primary and modifying factors of artesian circulation, the essential and modifying factors of 

artesian flow, and typical artesian systems. 

*479. The geochemical interpretation of water analyses, by Chase Palmer. 1911. 

31 pp. 5c. 

Discusses the expression of chemical analyses, the chemical character of water and the properties of natural waters; gives a classification of waters based on property values and reacting 

v.alues, and discusses the character of the waters of certain rivers as interpreted directly from the 

results of analyses; discusses also the relation of water properties to georogtc formations, silica in 

river water, and the character of the water of the Mississippi and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River as indicated by chemical analyses. 
INDEX BY AREAS AND SUBJECTS. 

[A=Annual Reports; M=Monograph; B=Bulletin; P=Professional Paper; W=Water-Supply Paper; 

G It'= Geologic folio.] 

Arka~s: Quality of waters, etc .............................. W 102, 145,236,399 

Underground waters ......... W 57,102,110, 114,145,149,160, 399; P 46; G F 122 

Artesian waters: Essential conditions ........................ A 5; B 319; W 67,114 

Bibliographies 1 • • • . • . • . . . • . . . . . . . . • • . • • • • . . . . . . . . • • . . . . • W 119! 120, 163, 280, 416 

Chemical analyses 2 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• W 151,236,259,274, 364; B 479 

Colorado: Quality of waters ................................. W 236, 274; G F 135 

Surface waters ................................................. W 74, 147, 162 

Underground waters ................................................ A 16, ii; 

17, ii; 21, iv; 22, iv; P 32, 52; W 57, 149; G F 36, 58, 68, 71,135,186,198 

~::~~::~:~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~- ~~4, ~0~~ Divining rod ................ -. -. - - - - - -- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 416 

Engineering methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 86; W 1, 3, 8, 20, 41, 42, 43, 56, 64, 93, 94, 95, 

110, 143,146,150,180,187,200,257,337, 345e, 371, 375c, e, and]; 400c and d 

Floods ... -- ................... -------- .... -....... -.. --.------- W 96,147,162,334 

Ice measurements.-.---.- .. --.---- ..... -........ -....... -.. -...... W 146, 187, 337 

Irrigation, generaL ....... A 10, ii; 11, ii; 12, ii; 13, iii; 16, ii; W 20, 22, 41, 42, 87, 93, 146 

Kansas: Qualityofwaters .. ·-···-------·-·----------···-···· W 153,273; G F 148 

Surface waters .......... -........ -- ... --.-- .......... ~ ......... W 96,147,273 

Underground waters.~ .... _ ....... _._ ... __ ..... _ .....•....... __ ..... A 16, ii; 

21, iv; 22, iv; P 32; W 6, 57,145,149,153,273, 345a; G F 148 

Kentucky: Quality of waters ........ - -. - ____ . _. _ . _ . _ ... _ .......... _____ .. W 164 

Underground waters .. ~ ............... ____ .. _ .. __ ~_ W 57, 102, 110, 114, 149, 164 

Legal aspects: Surface waters ..... : . -...... _ ........... _ ... _ . . . . . . . W 103, 152, 238 

- Underground waters ........................ _ ............... _ .. _____ . . W 122 

Louisiana: Quality of waters ... ---- ..... -- ........ -.- ...... -........... W 101,236 

Underground waters .............. -... _ ............ - W 57,101,114, 149; P 46 

Mineral springs: Analyses ............... -........ -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 14, ii; B 32 

Origin, distribution, etc ... _ ............... _._ ... _._ ........... _ .... _ A 14, ii 

Lists .•• -.•. -... -- .. -- .. --- .. -.- .. -....... -... -.. -.--~.--.- .... B 32; W 114 

Mississippi: Quality of waters ........... _ ..........................•.....•• W 159 

Surface waters ............... -... - -. - -... -. -.. - - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 107 

Underground waters ...... -................ _ ........... W 57,102, 114,149, 159 

Missouri: Quality of waters, etC---------------------------------- W 195; G F 148 

Surface waters ........ - -. ~ .... -....... _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 162 

Underground waters .... -... -.- .. _ ..... W 57,102,110,114,145, 149; 195; G F 148 

Motions of ground waters .. ____ ... _._._ ..... _. A 19, ii; B 319; W 67,110,140,155 

New Mexico: Quality of waters .... _ ....... _ ... ___ ._ ............. _ ....... _. W 274 

Surface waters .......................... ___ ............... _ .. _ . . . . W 14 7, 162 

Underground waters .................. __ ........... A 21,iv; 22,iv; W 61,149 

Oklahoma [Indian Territory]: Quality of waters.---- .. -- ... _ ... A 21, vii; W 148,274 

Surface waters .. _______ .... ____ .... __ .....................•.. W 147, 148; G F 132 

Underground waters .... A 21, vii; W 57, 61,148,149, 345b and d; G F 122,132 

1 Many of the reports contain brief subject bibliographies. See abstracts. 

2 Many analyses of river, spring, and well waters are scattered through publications, as noted in abstracts. 

XXIX 
XXX SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

Pollution: By industrial wastes ___ ........................ W 179,186,189,226,235 

By sewage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 72, 194 

Laws forbidding .. _ ........ _ . _ . _ ... ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . • . . . • W 103, 152 

Indices of. ................. _. _ . _ . _ ... _ .........................•• W 144, 160 

Sanitation; quality of water; pollution; sewage irrigation.................... W 3, 

22, 72,103,110,113,114,144,145,152,160,179, ' 

185,186,189,194,226,229,235,236,255,258,315 

Sewage disposal and purification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 3, 22, 72, 113, 185, 194, 229 

Tennessee: Quality of waters _____ . __ ................................. W 164,236 

Underground waters ................................... W 61,102, 114,149,164 

Texas: Quality of waters ...... _ ......... _._ ................. A 21, vii; W 276,317 

Surface waters. __ ............... _ ..... _ ... _._._._._ ....... W 105,154,162,191 

Underground waters ........ A 21, iv; 21, vii; 22, iv; W 61,149,154,191,276,317 

Underground waters: Legal aspects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 122 

Methods of utilization ...... __ ..... _._ ......................... W 114, 255, 257 

Pollution ............. _. ___ . ___ ._._ ....................... W 110,145, 160,258 

Windmill papers. . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 8, 20, 41, 42 
INDEX OF STREAMS. 

Arkansas River, Colo.-Kans ••..... 

Arkansas River canals, Colo ..... . 

Arkansas River, East Fork, Colo .. . 

Arkansas River, Lake Fork, Colo .. 

Arkansas River, Salt Fork, Okla ... 

Arkansas River, South Fork, Colo. 

Arkansas River, Tenne8see Fork, 

Colo .............•...•........ 

Beaver Creek, Okla .............. . 

Beaver Creek, Little, Colo ....... . 

Beaver Creek, West, Qolo ........ . 

Big Sandy Creek, Colo ........... . 

Big Spring Creek, Colo ........... . 

Black River, Mo .. .'~ ............. . 

Boehmer Creek, Colo ............ . 

Buffalo River, Ark .............. . 

Cabin Creek, Colo ................ . 

Cache Creek, Okla ............... . 

Canadian River, N. Mex.-Okla ... . 

Canadian River. North Fork, Okla. 

Chalk Creek, Colo ................ . 

Chicorica Creek, N. Mex ........ . 

Cimarron River (tributary to Arkansas River), Kans.-Okla ..... . 

Cimarron River (tributary to Canadian River), N.Mex .......... . 

Clear Creek, Colo ................ . 

Coldwater River, Miss ........... . 

Colorado-Kansas canal, Colo ...... . 

Cottonwood Creek, Colo ......... . 

Cottonwood Creek, North, Colo .. . 

Cottonwood Creek, South Fork, 

Colo .........•...•.............. 

Courtois Creek, Mo .............. . 

Cucharas River, Colo ............ . 

Deep Red Run. See Turkey Oreek. 

Dry Fork of Otter Creek, Okla .... 

East Fork. See name of main 

stream. 

Eleven Point River, Mo ......... . 

Elk Creek, Okla ................ . 

Elm Fork of Red River, Okla .... . 

Evaporation station, Okla. _ .... __ 

Fall River. Kans ................ _ 

Fourmile Creek. See Oil Creek. 

100539°-l8..:._WSP 437--6 

Page. 

IX, x- Grand River. See Neosho River. 

xn Grape Creek, Colo ............... . 

IX Greer Spring, Mo ................. . 

x Half Moon Creek, Colo ........... . 

XI HomochittO River, Miss .......... . 

x Horse Creek, Okla ..•............. 

Huerfano River, Colo ........... . 

x Keese ditch, Colo.~ ............. . 

XI La Cueva Canal, N.Mex ......... . 

x Lake Creek, Colo ................ ; . 

x Lake Fork of Arkansas River, 

X, XI 

XI 

IX 

X 

IX 

X 

XII 

XI 

XI 

X 

XI 

XI 

XI 

X 

XII 

Colo ........................... . 

Lion Creek, Colo ................ . 

Little Beaver Creek, Colo ........ . 

Little Medicine Bluff Creek, Okla. 

Little Red River, Ark ............ . 

Manuelitos River, N.Mex ....... . 

Medicine Bluff Creek, Okla ...... . 

Medicine Bluff Creek, Little, Okla. 

Medicine Lodge River, Kans .... . 

Meramec River, Mo ............. . 

Meramec River, Dry Fork, Mo ... . 

Meramec Spring, Mo ............. . 

Mora River, N.Mex ............. . 

Neosho'River, Kans.-Okla ....... . 

North Cottonwood Creek, Colo ... . 

North Fork River, Ark .......... . 

North Fork. See name of main 

XII stream. 

x Ocate River, N. Mex ............ . 

x Ocate River, East Fork, N.Mex .. 

Ocate River, West Fork, N. Mex .. 

x Oil Creek, Colo ................. . 

IX Otter Creek, Okla ........... ~ ... . 

x Otter Creek, Dry Fork, Okla ..... . 

Ouachita River, Ark ............. . 

XII Oxford Farmers canal, Colo ...... . 

Pajarito Creek, N. Mex .......... . 

Poncha Creek, Colo ............. . 

IX Purgatory River, Colo ............ . 

xn Rayado River, N.Mex .......... . 

XII Red River, Tex ................. . 

xn Red River, Elm Fork, Okla ...... . 

XI Red River, Little, Ark ......... __ -

Red River, North Fork, Okla .... . 

XXXI 

Page. 

X 

IX 

X 

XII 

XII 

X 

XII 

XI 

X 

X 

X 

X 

XII 

IX 

XI 

XII 

XII 

XI 

IX 

IX 

IX 

XI 

XI 

X 

IX 

XI 

XI 

XI 

X 

XII 

XII 

XII 

XII 

XI 

X 

X 

XI 

XII 

XII 

IX 

XII 
XXXII SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1916, PART VII. 

Red River,Salt Fork, Okla ...... . 

Ruxton Creek, South, Colo ....... . 

Sackett Creek, Colo ........ : ..... . 

Salt Fork of Arkansas River, Okla. 

Salt Fork of Red River, Okla ..... . 

Sandy Creek, Big, Colo ........... . 

Sapello Mill tailrace, N. Mex ..... . 

Sapello River, N. Mex ........... . 

Sheep Creek, Colo .............. . 

South Fork. See name of main 

stream. 

South Ruxton Creek, Colo ....... . 

Spring Branch, Mo .............. . 

Sunflower River, Miss ............. . 

Sweetwater Creek, N. Mex ...... . 

Tallahatchie River, Miss ........ . 

Tennessee Fork of Arkansas River, 

Colo .•.•.•••••.•.•.............. 

Page. 

XII 

X 

X 

XI 

XII 

X 

XI 

XI 

X 

X 

IX 

XII 

XI 

XII 

X 

Turkey Creek, [Deep Red Run] 

Okla ..............•........... 

Twin Lakes outlet, Colo ......... . 

Una del Gato Creek, N. Mex ..... . 

Urraca Creek, N.Mex ............. . 

Ute Creek, N.Mex .............. ~. 

Verdigris River, Kans.-Okla ..... . 

Walnut River, Kans ............ . 

Washita River, Okla ............ . 

West Beaver Creek, Colo ......... . 

West Fork. See name of main 

stream. 

White River, Ark.-Mo ........... . 

Wichita River, Tex .............. . 

Yalobusha River, Miss ........... . 

Yazoo River, Miss .....•......... 

0 

Page. 

XII 

X 

XI 

XI 

XI 

XI 

XI 

XII 

X: 

IX 

XII 

XII 

xu