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_________________________ No. 201 7 00 25 3

_________________________ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Appellee

v. Tyler E. SALKINS Private First Class (E

- 2 ), U.S. Marine Corps Appellant

_______________________ __ Appeal from the United States Navy

- Marine Corps Trial Judiciary Military Judge s : Lieutenant Colonel Forrest W. Hoover
, U SMC ( arraignment ); Major Emily A. Jackson

- Hall, USMC ( trial )

. For Appellant: Captain Armando A. Rodriguez

- Feo, JAGC, USN. For Appell ee: C aptain S e an M. Monks , US MC ; Commander Chris D. Tucker , JAGC, USN.

_________________________ Decided 2 3 October 2018

_________________________ Before H UTCHISON , P RICE , 1 and T ANG , Appellate Military Judges

_________________________ This opinion does no t serve as binding precedent but may be cited as persuasive authority under NMCCA Rule of Practice and Procedure 18.2.

_________________________

1 Senior Judge Price took final action in this case prior to detaching from the court.United States v. Salkins , No. 201700253

2 P ER CURIAM : A military judge, sitting as a special court

- martial, convicted the appellant
, in accordance with h is pleas
, of unauthorized absence, wrongful use of marijuana, and wrongful use of amphetamines in violation of Articles 86 and 112a , Uniform Code of Military Justice, 10 U.S.C. §§ 886 and 912a (2016). The military judge sentenced the appellant to 180 days’ confinement, reduction to pay grade E

- 1, a $5,000 .00 fine, and a bad

- conduct discharge. The convening authority (CA) approved the sentence as adjudged . Pursuant to a pretrial agreement (PTA), the CA suspended all confinement in excess of time served as of the date of sentencing.

T he ap p ellant asserts that the military judge erred by awarding a $5,000 .00 fine when he w as convicted of only nonmonetary offenses where he was not unjustly enriched, and that a sentence which includ ed a fine was inappropriately severe given the nature of his offenses. 2 Although not raised by the appellant , we find error in the post

- trial processing of the appellant’s case. Specifically, the staff judge advocate (SJA) failed to comment on the legal error raised by the appellant i n his R ULE FOR C OURTS

- M ARTIAL (R.C.M.) 1105 , M ANUAL FOR C OURTS

- M ARTIAL , U NITED S TATES (201 6 ed.) matters. See R.C.M

. 1106(d)(4).
After careful consideration of the entire record and in the interest of judicial economy , we will take appropriate action in o ur decretal paragraph. After that action , we conclude that the findings and sentence are correct in law and fact and that no error materially prejudicial to the substanti al rights of the appellant remains . Arts. 59(a) and 66(c), UCMJ.

I. B ACKGROUND The app ellant pleaded providently to the charged offenses. 3 The appellant and the government stipulated that he was an unauthorized absentee from

2 This assignment of error was raised pursuant to United States v. Grostefon , 12 M.J. 431 (C.M.A. 1982).

3 Pursuant to the PTA, the appellant pleaded and was found guilty by exceptions to the specification of Charge I alleging unauthorized absence terminated by apprehension

. Although not raised as an assignment of error, we note that t he specific language excepted, “terminated by apprehension,” did not appear in the specification. Rather, the specification alleged that the appellant absented himself and did remain so absent “until he was apprehended[.]” Charge Sheet. “When a plea is ambiguous
, the military judge should have it clari fied before proceeding further.” R.C.M. 910(b), Discussion. It is clear, however, from the providence inquiry and the st ipulation offact that the intent of the parties was for the appellant to plead guilty to an unauthorized absence which was terminated by his surrender. Under Article 59(a), UCMJ,United States v. Salkins , No. 201700253

3 17 April 2016 until 13 February 2017

— the date he surrendered to civilian authorities in Connecticut. The parties also stipulated that the appellant wrongfully used both marijuana and amphetamine s one time between 31 March 2016 and 13 April 2016, and wrongfully used marijuana once between 3 and 17 February 2017.
A fter the SJA completed and submitted his SJA’s recommendat ion (SJAR) to the CA, t he appellant ’ s trial defense counsel submitted matters pursuant to R.C.M. 1105, raising legal errors

. The trial defense counsel claim ed that during a post

- trial debrief the military judge explained that her rationale for adjudging a fine was that the appellant had earned roughly $7,300.00 while in pretrial confinement and that the appellant’s misconduct had cost the government significant money, time, and resources. The trial defense counsel argued that the military judge abused her d iscretion by considering evidence from outside the record because “the government never put forth any evidence of money, time or resource cost the government incurred due the [the appellant’s] unauthorized absence and wrongful drug use. ” 4
In a memorandum forwarding the proposed CA’s action and the appellant’s R.C.M. 1105 matters, the SJA noted that the trial defense counsel had submitted matters requesting the CA “disapprove the Bad

- Conduct Discharge and the fine of $5,000.00,” and that the CA was required to carefully consider these matters prior to taking his action. 5 While the memorandum from the SJA correctly noted that the CA could not disapprove the bad

conduct discharge, it made no reference to the legal error raised by the appellant and provided no opinion as to whether corrective action was warranted.

I I

. D ISCUSSION R.C.M. 1106(d)(4) directs that: “[T]he staff judge advocate shall state whether , in the staff judge advocate’ s opinion, corrective action on the finding s or sentence should be taken when an allegation of legal error is raised in

10 U.S.C. § 859(a), this court may not hold incorrec t a finding of a court

- m artial “ unless the error materially prejudices the sub stantial rights of the accused.” See also United States v. Williams, 47 M.J. 593, 595 (N

- M

. Ct. Crim. App. 1997) (absent some evidence of substantial prejudice, failure to detail appellant’s service rec ord in SJA’s recommendation to CA did not entitle appellant to any relief)

. We do not find any possible prejudice, and grant the appellant no relief on the basis of a technical oversight by his trial defense counsel which the military judge and the CA fail ed to correct.

4 R.C.M. 1105 matters of 1 Aug 20 17 at 1

- 2.

5 Staff Judge Advocate memo of 8 Aug 2017.United States v. Salkins , No. 201700253

4 matter s submitted under R.C.M. 1105

. . . 

### . ” Prior to taking final action, the CA must consider, inter alia, the R.C.M. 1105 matters submitted by the accused and the recommendation of the staff judge advocate. R.C .M. 1107(b)(3)(A)

. Here, the record does not include the required advice from the SJA as to whether the alleged error s warranted “ corrective action on the findings or
sentence. ” R .C.M. 1106(d)(4). To the degree the SJA intended the forwarding memorandum to serve as an addendum to the SJAR, it nevertheless failed to address the trial defense counsel’s allegation of legal error or state whether, in the SJA’s opinion, corrective action should be taken. This constituted error.

We next determine whether that err or was prejudicial to the substantial rights of the appellant

. The threshold for establishing prejudice in post

- trial processing is low, but an appellant must make at least “ some colorable showing of possible prejudice.” United States v. Scalo , 60 M.J. 435 , 436

- 37 (C.A.A.F. 2005) (quoting United States v. Kho , 54 M.J. 63, 65 (C.A.A.F. 2000) ). Generally, when considering whether an appellant has been prejudiced by an error in the SJAR or SJAR addendum , we determine w hether the convening authority “ plausibly may have taken action more favorable to” theappellant if the convening authority had received the correct advice or information. United States v. Johnson , 26 M.J. 686, 689 (A.C.M.R. 1988), aff ’ d , 28 M.J. 452 (C.M.A. 1989); see also United States v. Green
, 44 M.J. 93, 95 (C.A.A.F. 1996) (the test for prejudice caused by an SJA’s failure to respond to an accused’s allegations of legal error is whether the alleged error would have led to a favorable recommendation by the SJA or corrective action by the CA)

. T he appellant’s case meets the low threshold required. We do not know what advice the SJA might have given the CA concerning the legal errors raised by the trial defense counsel. But it is certainly “plausible” that the CA may have taken action more favorab le to the appellant following that advice.Having found a colorable showing of possible prejudice, we would typically set aside the CA’s action and remand for new post

- trial processing. See United States v. Hill , 27 M.J. 293, 296 (C.M.A. 1988) (“[I] n most instances, failure of the staff judge advocate

. . . to prepare a recommendation with thecontents required by R.C.M. 1106(d) will be prejudicial and will require remand of the record to the [CA] for preparation of a suitable recommendation ”)

. In an exerc ise of judicial economy, however, rather than remanding this case, we will only approve that part of the sentence that does not include a fine of $5000.00. See Article 66 (c), UCMJ.United States v. Salkins , No. 201700253

5 III

. C ONCLUSION
T he findings , and only so much of the sentence as extends to a bad

conduct discharge, confinement for a period of 180 days , and reduction to the
pay grade of E

- 1 , are affirmed

.

FOR THE COURT

RODGER A. DREW, JR. Clerk of Court