Please do not destroy or throw away this publication. If you have no further use 

for it, write to the Geological Survey at Washington and ask for a frank to return it

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Hubert Work, Secretary

U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

George OtLs Smith, Director

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 565

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

1923

PART V. HUDSON BAY AND UPPEK MISSISSIPPI 

EIVEK BASINS

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer

W. A. LAMB, S. B. SOULE, J. B. SPIEGEL, H. E. GROSBACH

E. L. WILLIAMS, and H. C. BECKMAN

District Engineers

Prepared in cooperation with the States of

NORTH DAKOTA, MINNESOTA, WISCONSIN, IOWA 

ILLINOIS, and MISSOURI

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1926
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Hubert Work, Secretary

U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

George Otas Smith, Director

Water-Supply Paper 565

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

1923

PART V, HUDSON BAY AND UPPEB MISSISSIPPI 

EIVEE BASINS

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer

W. A. LAMB, S. B. SOULE, J. B. SPIEGEL, H. E. GROSBACH

E. L. WILLIAMS, and H. C. BECKMAN

District Engineers

Prepared in cooperation with the States of

NORTH DAKOTA, MINNESOTA, WISCONSIN, IOWA 

ILLINOIS, and MISSOURI

aler Resources Branch,

logical Survey, 

Box 3106, Capitol Station 

Oklahoma Clay, Okla.

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1926
ADDITIONAL COPIES

OV THIS PUBLICATION MAT BB PROCURED FROM

THB SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS

GOVERNMENT PRINTINO OFFICE

WASHINGTON, D. C

AT

30 CENTS PER COPY

"'*..'
CONTENTS

Authorization and scope of work__________._______________ __ _ 1

Definition of terms------------------------------------------------ 2

Explanation of data_____-_____-___-___--_---_--_-___---___-_-__- 3

Accuracy of field data and computed resulfes__-______-______-_-_-__--_ 4

Cooperation- ___-___-_---___-_--__--__------_--___-_--_----_-----_ 5

Division of work-___-____-____-___-__________-______-___-______-__ 6

Gaging-station records-- ___________________________________________ 7

Hudson Bay drainage basin __ _________________________________ 7

St. Mary River near Babb, Mont_________-_________________ 7

St. Mary River near Kimball, Alberta_______________________ 8

St. Mary Canal at intake, near Babb, Mont- _ ______________ 10

St. Mary Canal at St. Mary crossing, near Babb, Mont- _ _"_ _____ 12

St. Mary Canal at Hudson Bay divide, near Browning, Mont____ 13

Swiftcurrent Creek at Many Glacier, Mont- ________________ 14

Swiftcurrent Creek at Sherburne, Mont__--__---------------_ 15

Cairyon Creek near Many Glacier, Mont __ _________________ 17

Red River at Fargo, N. Dak.. ___ _ __. __ ______ __ __ 18

Red River at Grand Forks, N. Dak... ______ ______ _ 20

Bois des Sioux River near Tenney, Minn __ _________________ 22

Mustinka River above Wheaton, Minn.. _____________________ 23

Red Lake River at Thief River Falls, Minn. _ . _ __________ 25

Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn ___ ___________________ 26

Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn_ _____________ 28

Pembina River at Neche, N. Dak___________________________ 30

Roseau River at Caribou, Minn.____________________________ 31

Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak__ _ ________________________ 33

Upper Mississippi River basin__________________________________ 35

Mississippi River at Elk River, Minn _ _________________ _ __ 35

Mississippi River at St. Paul, Minn __ _____________________ 37

Minnesota River near Montevideo, Minn __ _________________ 38

Minnesota River at Mankato, Minn _ ______________________ 40

St. Croix River at Swiss, Wis _ ____________________________ 41

St. Croix River near St. Croix Falls, Wis _______ __ ___ 43

Namakagon River at Trego, Wis __ ________________________ 45

Apple River near Somerset, Wis __ ________________________ 47

Chippewa River at Bishop's Bridge, near Winter, Wis_ ________ 49

Chippewa River near Bruce, Wis-____-______________________ 51

Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis_ ____________________ 53

Flambeau River near Butternut, Wis________________________ 55

Flambeau River near Ladysmith, Wis __ ___________________ 57

Jump River at Sheldon, Wis __ ____________________________ 59

Eau Claire River near Augusta, Wis __ _____________________ 61

Red Cedar River near Colfax, Wis __ _______________________ 63

Red Cedar River at Cedar Falls, Wis _____ __ __ *. _______ 65

Red Cedar River at Menomonie, Wis __ ___________________ 66

Black River at Neillsville, Wis __ __ __ __ __. ___ _____ 68

La Crosse River near West Salem, Wis_____._ ___ ______ 70

Upper Iowa River near Decorah, Iowa __ _________________ _ 72

in
IV CONTENTS

Gaging-station records Continued.

Upper Mississippi River basin Continued. Page

Wisconsin River at Whirlpool Rapids, near Rhinelander, Wis___ 74

Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis___________________________ 76

Wisconsin River at Knowlton, Wis__-_-_________--__---____- 78

Wisconsin River near Nekoosa, Wis______-_____________.____ 79

Wisconsin River at Muscoda, Wis_____________________ SI

Tomahawk River near Bradley, Wis________________________ S3

Prairie River near Merrill, Wis____________________________ 85

Eau Claire River at Kelly, Wis___________________ 87

Big Eau Pleine River near Stratford, Wis ____________________ 8&

Kickapoo River at Gays Mills, Wis________________________ 90

Turkey River at Garber, Iowa__________________________ 92

Maquoketa River below North Fork of Maquoketa River, near

Maquoketa, Iowa______________________________________ 93

Rock River at Afton, Wis_________________________ 95

Rock River at Lyndon, 111_______________________________ 96

Pecatonica River at Freeport, 111________-___-__-__---_____ 98

Sugar River near Brodhead, Wis____________________________ 100

Iowa River at Marshalltown, Iowa__________________________ 102

Iowa River at Iowa City, Iowa_______________-_-________-__ 104

Iowa River at Wapello, Iowa______-____-__-___------_-_-_-_ 105

Cedar River at Janesville, Iowa_______________________ _ 107

Cedar River at Cedar Rapids, Iowa___--__-__--_-____--_____ 109

Shellrock River near Clarksville, Iowa___-__________________- 110

Skunk River near Ames, Iowa____________-_-___-_-___-___-- 112

Skunk River at Coppock, Iowa_____________________________ 113

Skunk River at Augusta, Iowa_________________________ ,__ 115

Squaw Creek at Ames, Iowa_____________ _________________ 117

Des Moines River at Kalo, Iowa___________________________- 119

Des Moines River near Boone, Iowa_________________________ 121

Des Moines River at Des Moines, Iowa____________________ 123

Des Moines River near Tracy, Iowa_______.__________ _______ 124

Des Moines River at Ottumwa, Iowa________________________ 126

Des Moines Biver at Keosauqua, Iowa_ __________________ 128

Raccoon River at Van Meter, Iowa _____________________ 130

Sugar Creek near Keokuk, Iowa___________.________________ 132

Fox River near Wayland, Mo____________________________ 133

Wyaconda River near Canton, Mo_______---__---__----_--_- 135

North Fabius River at Monticello, Mo____________________ 136

Salt River near New London, Mo__--_____-_____-___-_------ 138

Cuivre River near Troy, Mo______________________________ 139

Des Plaines River at Lemont, 111__________________________ 141

Des Plaines River at Joliet, Ill_______-__---_-_-_-_____-__--_ 142

Illinois River at Morris, Ill___-__--_---_---_-------_-------- 144

Illinois River at Peoria, Ill__.__________---_-_-_--__---___-_ 145

Illinois River at Havana, Ill____________________-_-_---__~-- 147

Illinois River at Beardstown, Ill__ _______ _______________ 148

Kankakee River at Momence, 111__-___________-_-___-___-_ 150

Kankakee River at Custer Park, Ill^________________--_____- 151

~" Jroquois River near Chebanse, Ill____________-______-_-___-_ 153

Fox River at Algonquin, 111______________________________ 154

J'ox River at Wedron, 111_______________-____------ 156

Vermilion River near Streator, Ill_________-_________________ 157
CONTENTS V

Gaging-station records Continued.

Upper Mississippi River basin Continued. Page

Mackinaw River near Green Valley, Ill_______________-__-__- 159

Spoon River at Seville, 111_______________________ 160

Sangamon River at Monticello, 111________________________ 162

Sangamon River at Riverton, Ill_______________-__-__--_-___ 163

South Fork of Sangamon River at power plant, near Taylorville,

Ill_______.__________________________----__----___ 165

Crooked Creek at Ripley, 111_______________________ 166

Macoupin Creek near Kane, Ill_____________________________ 168

Kaskaskia River at Vandalia, IlL____-__________-_-____-____ 170

Big Muddy River at Plumfield, 111______.____________ 172

Big Muddy River at Murphysboro, 111_____________________ 174

Miscellaneous measurements______________________________________ 176

Appendix. _________________________________________-_-___ 177

Index..._________...________________________ 197

ILLUSTRATIONS

Page 

PLATE I. A, Price current meters; B, Typical gaging station ____________ 2

II. Typical gaging stations: A, For wading measurement; B, For

bridge measurement____________________________-_______ 2

III. Water-stage recorders: A, An; B, Gurley; C, Stevens. _________ 2
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF HUDSON BAY AND 

UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASINS, 1923

AUTHORIZATION AND SCOPE OF WORK

'this volume is one of a series of 14 reports presenting results of 

measurements of flow made on streams in the United States during 

the year ending September 30, 1923.

The data presented in these reports were collected by the United 

States Geological Survey under the following authority contained in 

the organic law (20 Stat. L., p. 394):

Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the Geological Survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the 

geological structure, mineral resources, and products of the national domain.

The work was begun in 1888 in connection with special studies 

relating to irrigation in the arid West. Since the fiscal year ending 

June 30, 1895, successive appropriation bills passed by Congress have 

carried the following item:

Fpr gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United 

States, and for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, 

and for the preparation of reports upon the best methods of utilizing the water 

resources.

Annual appropriations for the fiscal years ending June SO, 1895-1924

1895____________________________--._ $12,500.00

1896_______________________________ 20, 000. 00

1897 to 1900, inclusive________________.__ 50, 000. 00

1901 to 1902, inclusive_____________..___ 100, 000. 00

1903 to 1906,, inclusive.____________. ____ 200, 000. 00

1907______________.________._._ 150,000.00

1908 to 1910, inclusive.__________________ 100, 000. 00

1911 to 1917, inclusive-___.__________----- 150, 000. 00

1918__ . _ . ___________________ - ____ 175, 000. 00

1919_____________________________-__ 148,244.10

1920______________._________-.---_--.. 175,000.00

1921 to 1923, inclusive-.________________-- 180, 000. 00

1924_________._-___________-_.__-. 170, 000. 00

In the execution of the work many private and State organizations 

have cooperated either by furnishing data or by assisting in collecting 

data. Acknowledgments for cooperation of the first kind are made 

in connection with the description of each station affected; cooperation of the second kind is acknowledged on page 5.

1
2 STJKFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Measurements of stream flow have been made at about 5,600 points 

in the United States and also at many points in Alaska and the 

Hawaiian Islands. In July, 1923, 1,590 gaging stations were being 

maintained by the Survey and the cooperating organizations, ,Many 

miscellaneous discharge measurements are made at other points. In 

connection with this work data were also collected in regard to precipitation, evaporation, storage reservoirs, river profiles, and water 

power in many sections of the country and will be made available in 

water-supply papers from time to time. Information in regard to 

publications relating to water resources is presented in the appendix 

to this report.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

The volume of water flowing in a stream the "run-off" or "discharge" is expressed in various terms, each of which has become 

associated with a certain class of work. These terms may be divided 

into two groups (1) those that represent a rate of flow, as secondfeet, gallons per minute, miner's inches, and discharge in second-feet 

per square mile, and (2) those that represent the actual quantity of 

water, as run-off in inches, acre-feet, and millions of cubic feet. The 

principal terms used in this series of reports are second-feet, secondfeet per square mile, and run-off in inches and acre-feet. They 

may be defined as follows:

"Second-feet" is an abbreviation for "cubic feet per second." A 

second-foot is the rate of discharge of water flowing in a channel of 

rectangular cross section 1 foot wide and 1 foot deep at an average 

velocity of 1 foot per second. It is generally used as a fundamental 

unit from which others are computed.

"Second-feet per square mile" is the averge number of cubic feet 

of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, 

on the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly both as 

regards time and area.

"Run-off in inches " is the depth to which an area would be covered 

if all the water flowing from it in a given period were uniformly 

distributed on the surface. It is used for comparing run-off with 

rainfall, which is usually expressed in depth in inches.

An "acre-foot," equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet, is the quantity 

required to cover an acre to the depth of 1 foot. The term is commonly used in connection with the storage for irrigation.

The following terms not in common use are here defined :

"Stage-discharge relation," an abbreviation for the term "relation 

of gage height to discharge."

"Control," a term used to designate the section or sections of the 

stream below the gage which determine the stage-discharge relation 

at the gage. It should be noted that the control may not be the 

same section or sections at all stages.
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 565 PLATE I

,-rti * i-ii -a » «.,§: <«

A. PRICE CURRENT METERS

B. TYPICAL GAGING STATION
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 565 PLATE II

B

TYPICAL GAGING STATIONS 

A, For wading measurement; B, for bridge measurement
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 565 PLATE HI

WATER-STAGE RECORDERS 

^l,Au; B, Gurley; C, Stevens

EXPLANATION OF DATA 0

The "point of zero flow" for a gaging station is that point on the 

gage the gage height at which water ceases to flow over the

control.

EXPLANATION OF DATA

The data presented in this report cover the year beginning October 1, 1922, and ending September 30, 1923. At the beginning of 

January in most parts of the United States much of the precipitation 

in the preceding three months is stored as ground water in the form 

of snow or ice, or in ponds, lakes, and swamps, and this stored 

water passes off in the streams during the spring break-up. At the 

end of September, on the other hand, the only stored water available for run-off is possibly a small quantity in the ground; therefore 

the ruiFoff for the year beginning October 1 is practically all derived from precipitation within that year.

The base data collected at gaging stations consist of records of 

stage, measurements of discharge, and general information used to 

supplement the gage heights and discharge measurements in determining the daily flow. The records of stage are obtained either from 

direct readings on a staff gage or from a water-stage recorder that 

gives a continuous record of the fluctuations. Measurements of 

discharge are made with a current meter. (See Pis. I-III.) The general methods are outlined in standard textbooks on the measurement of river discharge.

From the discharge measurements rating tables are prepared that 

give the discharge for any stage. The application of the daily gage 

heights to these rating tables gives the daily discharge from which 

the monthly and yearly mean dischage is computed.

The data presented for each gaging station in the area covered by 

this report comprise a description of the station, a table giving results of discharge measurements, a table showing the daily discharge 

of the stream, and a table of monthly and yearly discharge and runoff.

If the base data are insufficient to determine the daily discharge, 

tables giving daily gage heights and results of discharge measurements are published.

The description of the station gives, in addition to statements regarding location and equipment, information in regard to any conditions that may affect the constancy of the stage-discharge relation 

covering such subjects as the occurrence of ice, the use of the stream 

for log driving, shifting of control, and the cause and effect of backwater; it gives also information as to diversions that decrease the 

flow at the gage, artificial regulation, maximum and minimum recorded stages, and the accuracy of the records.

The table of daily discharge gives, in general, the discharge in 

second-feet corresponding to the mean of the gage heights read 

76612 26 WSP 565 2
4 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

each day. At stations on streams subject to sudden or rapid diurnal 

fluctuation the discharge obtained from the rating table and the 

mean daily gage height may not be the true mean discharge for the 

day. If such stations are equipped with water-stage recorders the 

mean daily discharge may be obtained by averaging discharge at 

regular intervals during the day, or by using the discharge integrator, 

an instrument operating on the principle of the planimeter and containing as an essential element the rating curve of the station.

In the table of monthly discharge the column headed "Maximum" 

gives the mean flow for the day when the mean gage height was 

highest. As the gage height is the mean for the day it does not indicate correctly the stage when the water surface was at crest height 

and the corresponding discharge was consequently larger than given 

in the maximum column. Likewise, in the column headed "Minimum" the quantity given is the mean flow for the day when the 

mean gage height was lowest. The column headed "Mean" is 

the average flow in cubic feet per second during the month. On 

this average flow computations recorded in the remaining columns, 

which are defined on page 2, are based.

ACCURACY OF FIELD DATA AND COMPUTED RESULTS

The accuracy of stream-flow data depends primarily (1) on the 

permanence of the stage-discharge relation and (2) on the accuracy 

of observation of stage, measurements of flow, and interpretation of 

records.

A paragraph in the description of the station gives information 

regarding the (1) permanence of the stage-discharge relation, (2) precision with which the discharge rating curve is defined, (3) refinement of gage readings, (4) frequency of gage readings, and (5) methods of applying daily gage heights to the rating table to obtain the 

daily discharge.1

For the rating tables "well defined" indicates, in general, that the 

rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent; "fairly well defined," 

within 10 per cent; "poorly defined," within 15 to 25 per cent. 

These notes are very general and are based on the plotting of the 

individual measurements with reference to the mean rating curve.

The monthly means for any station may represent with high accuracy the quantity of water flowing past the gage, but the figures 

showing discharge per square mile and depth of run-off in inches 

may be subject to gross errors caused by the inclusion of large noncontributing districts in the measured drainage area, by lack of 

information concerning water diverted for irrigation or other use, 

or by inability to interpret the effect of artificial regulation of the

i For a more detailed discussion of the accuracy of stream-flow data see Grover, N. C., and Hoyt, J. C.t 

Accuracy of stream-flow data: U. S Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 400, pp. 53-59,1916
COOPERATION 5

flow of the river above the station. "Second-feet per square mile" 

and "run-off in inches" are therefore not computed if such errors 

appear probable. The computations are also omitted for stations 

on streams draining areas in which the annual rainfall is less than 

20 inches. All figures representing "second-feet per square mile" 

and "run-off in inches" published by the Survey in earlier reports 

should be used with caution because of possible inherent sources of 

error not known to the Survey.

Many gaging stations on streams in the irrigated areas of the 

United States are located above most of the diversions from those 

streams, and the discharge recorded does not show the water supply 

available for further development as prior appropriations below the 

stations must first be satisfied. To give an idea of the amount of 

prior appropriations a paragraph on diversions is presented in each 

station description. The figures given can not be considered exact 

but represent the best information available.

The table of monthly discharge gives only a general idea of the 

flow at the station and should not be used for other than preliminary 

estimates; the tables of daily discharge allow more detailed studies 

of the variation in flow. It should be borne in mind, however, that 

the observations in each succeeding year may be expected to throw 

new light on data previously published.

COOPERATION

The work in Montana was carried on in cooperation with the 

United States Bureau of Reclamation. With the exception of the 

station on St. Mary River near Babb, all stations in Montana were 

maintained jointly with the Dominion Water Power Branch, Department of the Interior, Canada.

In North Dakota, the work was done in cooperation with W. H. 

Robinson, State engineer, and at certain stations in cooperation 

with the Bureau of Public Roads, Department of Agriculture, and 

the Flood Control Commission of North Dakota.

The work in Minnesota was carried on in the Red River drainage 

basin in cooperation with the Minnesota State Drainage Commission, 

E. V. Willard, commissioner. The following organizations also 

cooperated: United States Weather Bureau (Mississippi River at 

St. Paul and Minnesota River near Mankato) and United States 

Engineer Corps (Mississippi River at Elk River and Minnesota 

River near Montevideo).

The work in Wisconsin was done in cooperation with the Railroad 

Commission of Wisconsin, C. M. Larson, chief engineer, and with 

Northern States Power Co. (Red Cedar River near Colfax, Red 

Cedar River at Cedar Falls, and Red Cedar River at Menomonie).
6 SUEFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

In Iowa the work was carried on in cooperation with the Iowa 

Geological Survey, George F. Kay, director; the Iowa Highway 

Commission, F. R. White, chief engineer; Mississippi River Power 

Co., of Keokuk, Iowa, Albion Davis, hydraulic engineer. The 

United States Weather Bureau paid the salaries of gage observers 

for stations on Cedar River at Cedar Rapids and part of the salaries 

of observers for stations on Des Moines River near Boone and Tracy 

and Raccoon River at Van Meter. Interstate Power Co., of Chicago, 

paid the salary of the observer for the station on Upper Iowa River 

near Decorah.

In Illinois work was carried on in cooperation with the Illinois Department of Public Works and Buildings, Division of Waterways, 

W. L. Sackett, superintendent, and with Central Illinois Public 

Service Co. (South Fork of Sangamon River at power plant near 

Taylorville).

The work in Missouri was carried on in cooperation with the 

Missouri Geological Survey, through H. A. Buehler, State geologist.

DIVISION OF WORK

The data for stations in the Hudson Bay basin in Montana and 

North Dakota were collected and prepared for publication under 

the direction of W. A. Lamb, district engineer, assisted by E. F. 

Chandler and A. H. Tuttle.

The data for stations in the Hudson Bay basin in Minnesota were 

collected and prepared for publication under the direction of S. B. 

Soule, district engineer, by E. F. Chandler, assisted by R. V. Tilley, 

Arthur Johnson, and R. B. Black.

For stations in the Mississippi River basin in Wisconsin and 

Minnesota the data were collected and prepared for publication under 

the direction of S. B. Soule, district engineer, assisted by E. E. Foster 

and J. H. Olson.

The data for stations in Iowa were collected and prepared for 

publication under the direction of J. B. Spiegel, district engineer, 

assisted by three employees of Mississippi River Power Co. Albion 

Davis, C. Herlofson, and P. L. Mercer.

The data for stations in Illinois were collected and prepared for 

publication under the direction of H. E. Grosbach, district engineer, 

assisted by A. M. Wahl.

The data for stations in Missouri were collected and prepared for 

publication under the direction of E. L. Williams and H. C. Beckman, 

district engineers, assisted by V. L. Austin, W. R. Denison, W. S. 

Frame, and H. E. Zoller.

The records were reviewed and the manuscript assembled by 

O. D. Mussey.
HUDSON BAY DBAINAGE BASIN 7

OAOINO-STATION RECORDS

HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE BASIN

ST. MARY RIVER NEAR BABB, MONT.

[Including diversion from Swifteurrent Creek]

LOCATION. In SE. M sec. 27, T. 36 N., R. 14 W., above headworks of St. Mary 

Canal and 1 mile east of Babb, Glacier County, pn Blackfeet Indian Reservation.

.DRAINAGE AREA. 278 square miles (including area of Swifteurrent Creek above 

point of diversion into St. Mary Lake); measured on topographic maps.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 9, 1902, to September 30, 1923. Records for years 

1902 to 1917 containing revisions of previously published records are published in Water-Supply Paper 491.

GAGE. Stevens water-stage recorder on right bank 20 feet above diversion dam 

and referenced to staff gage which reads the head over the crest. Recorder 

inspected and staff gage read by W. J. Dorrington.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable 480 feet above dam.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel practically permanent. Banks high and not 

subject to overflow. Concrete diversion works for St. Mary Canal form the 

control.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum discharge recorded during year, 3,230 

second-feet, June 11; minimum stage, 0.32 foot March 8-21 (discharge, 96 

second-feet).

1902-1923: Maximum stage recorded, estimated 9.4 feet June 5, 1908 

(discharge, 7,980 second-feet); minimum discharge, 30 second-feet, April 

3-7, 1904.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice during severe winters.

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. Swifteurrent Creek was diverted into St. Mary Lake October 1, 

1915, the flow being regulated by gate operations at Sherburne Lake reservoir.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent; not affected by ice during year. 

Rating curve well defined between 300 and 3,500 second-feet. Mean daily 

gage height obtained from recorder graph October 1 to November 3 and 

April 19 to September 30. Staff gage read to hundredths once daily during 

remainder of year. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily 

gage height to rating table and adding daily flow in canal for period May 11 

to September 10. Records good.

Discharge measurements of St. Mary River near Babb, Mont., during the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Made by W. A. Lamb]

Date

June?. ___________________________________________

Aug. 13 _ . ___________ . _________ . ___ . __ . _____ . .......

Sept. 10.. __ ........ _ .. _ .......... _ ..___.-.-,..._.._........_- _ .......

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.95

.74

1.28

pischarge

Sec.-ft. 

'2,950 »792

 1,100

0 Canal carrying 509 second-feet. * Canal carrying 438 second-feet. « Canal carrying 68 second-feet.

NOTE. Measurements made above intake of St. Mary Canal. Flow of canal should be subtracted to 

obtain flow over diversion dam.
8 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Mary River near Babb, Mont., for the year 

ending September SO, 1928

1....... __ ..

2 ___ . _ .....

3 _____ .....

4... _ .... _ .

5. _ ....... ...

6. __ .........

7.. ....... __ .

8..............

9 _ ..... __ .

10..............

11 __ . __ . _

12............:.

13..... _____

14..............

15...... ___ ..

16...... __ .. .

17..............

18..............

19..............

20............^.

21...... .

22 ........

23... _ ..

24 ____ .

25. _ .......

26........

27 ....

28 ___ . .

29..

30 ....

31 ..__.._

Oct.

369

336

313

313

313

298

291

284

276

269

269

241

214

214

235

235

235

222

190

168

222

216

222

209

254

228

222

261

306

328

369

Nov.

344

328

321

313

298

298

284

284

269

216

216

216

216

216

216

203

203

190

190

190

179

179

168

156

1 *&

156

1 CiS

156

168

Dec.

168

168

179

190

190

179

168

145

134

156

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

156

156

168

168

168

179

Jan.

179

179

179

179

179

179

179/

179

179

179

179

179

179

179

179

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

156

1 *&

1 *&

Feb.

156

156

156

156

145

145

134

134

134

134

134.

134

134

134

134

134

134

134

124

124

124

124

115

115

115

115

115

124

Mar.

124

134

134

124

115

105

105

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

105

105

105

105

105

115

115

115

115

115

Apr.

115

115

115

124

124

134

134

145

145

156

156

168

168

168

179

190

228

284

328

369

402

419

428

428

419

419

44fi

500

590

662

May

700

740

740

688

688

700

755

815

958

1,130

1,500

1,630

1,850

2,000

2,010

1,930

1,860

1,800

1,740

1,740

1,760

1,890

2,120

2,410

2,580

2,750

2,970

2,940

2,770

2,540

2,470

June

2,470

2,680

2,800

2,790

2,700

2,700

2,760

2,810

2,990

3,110

3,230

3,040

2,980

2,910

2,680

2,450

2,280

2,130

1,990

1,920

1,870

1,940

1,910

1,830

1,780

1,780

1,650

1,590

1,580

1,550

July

1,590

1,620

1,660

1,620

1,620

1,550

1,480

1,430

1,340

1,320

1,320

1,310

1,280

1,300

1,300

1,270

1,240

1,220

1,210

1,170

1,010

1,030

965

927

912

861

835

815

785

745

734

Aug.

715

695

669

677

668

668

666

649

648

708

734

772

799

813

829

840

819

829

830

857

946

1,080

1,090

1,090

1,070

1,040

1,030

1,020

1,020

1,060

986

Sept.

970

972

917

964

1,010

1,080

1,060

1,050

1,030

1,070

1,010

974

958

924

908

924

941

941

941

974

974'

958

924

875

755

650

550

491

410

394

Monthly discharge of St. Mary River near Babb, Mont., for the year ending September 80, 1928

Month

October ___________________________

November... ________________________

January ___________________________ ,

April..................... _._____..._._______....

June... ___________________________

July

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

369 

344 

190 

179 

156 

134 

662 

2,970 

3,230 

1,660 

1,090 

1,080

3,230

Minimum

168 

156 

134 

156 

115 

96 

115 

688 

1,550 

734 

648 

394

96

Mean

264 

222 

168 

172 

133 

106 

275 

1,720 

2,360 

1,210 

849 

887

699

Run-off in 

acre-feet

16,200 

13,200 

10,300 

10,600 

7,390 

6,520 

16,400 

106,000 

140,000 

74,400 

52,200 

52,800

506,000

ST. MARY RIVER NEAR KIMBAII, ALBERTA

LOCATION. In SW. ^i sec. 25, T. 1 N., R. 25 W. fourth meridian, 1 mile south 

and 1 mile west of Kimball, Alberta, and 5 miles north of international 

boundary.

DRAINAGE AREA. 472 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1, 1913, to September 30, 1923. September 1, 

1902, to December 31, 1912, records were obtained at point half a mile 

north of boundary line. Records were also obtained by the Irrigation Branch, 

Department of Interior, Canada, at a point half a mile^elow present station, 

from 1905 to 1912. The discharge at the three points is practically the same.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE BASIN 9

GAGE. A Stevens continuous water-stage recorder on right bank used during 

open-water season. During winter a chain gage located on highway bridge 

3 miles below station is used.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 1,200 feet above gage and by 

wading near gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of stream at gage and at control composed of 

boulders and sandstone ledges. Control formed by an outcropping ledge of 

sandstone covered with boulders near left bank. Shifts occasionally during 

high stage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.56 feet at 

1 p. m. June 11 (discharge, 3,510 second-feet); minimum discharge, 88 

second-feet March 6-9 (stage-discharge relation affected by ice).

1902-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 12.75 feet June 5, 1908 (discharge, 

18,000 second-feet, estimated by comparison with record for station near 

Babb); minimum discharge, 46 second-feet December 1, 1919 (stage-discharge 

relation affected by ice).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. Discharge determined from study 

of discharge measurements, observer's notes, and temperature records.

DIVERSIONS. St. Mary Canal diverts water from St. Mary River near Babb, 

Mont., to North Fork of Milk River. Alberta Railway & Irrigation Co.'s. 

canal diverts from St. Mary River 2 miles below station.

REGULATION. Flow of Swiftcurrent Creek regulated by gate operation at 

the Sherburne Lake reservoir.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; affected by ice and by shift 

of control. Two rating curves used for open-water periods. Curve used 

October 1 to November 2 well defined between 350 and 5,000 second-feet; 

April 14 to September 30 well defined between 300 and 3,500 second-feet. 

Mean daily gage height October 1 to November 6 and April 14 to September 

30 determined by inspection of recorder graph. Chain gage read to hundredths once daily November 7 to April 13. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table except as shown in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records good.

COOPERATION. Maintained in cooperation with the Department of Interior, 

Canada.

Discharge measurements of St. Mary River near Kimball, Alberta, during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 3

29

Nov. 13

28

29

Feb. 1

16

Mar. 7

Made by 

A. W. P. Lowrie .....

H. J. McLean ........

.....do..................

. _ .do _. _..._......

.....do ..............

W. Q. Stuart . _._...

.....do ..............

.....do .............

. _ .do..................

__ .do ..............

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.65

2.66

3.90

3.69

5.47

5.07

4.71

5.20

5.50

5.23

Discharge

Sec.-/*. 

331

341 »259

»165

»131

»164

»179

»155

»110

»88

Date

Mar. 19

Apr. 13

25

May 12

June 8

25

Aug. 15

Sept. 8

10

Made by 

W. Q. Stuart ...........

A. W. P. Lowrie. ......

.....do ..............

.....do ..............

W. A. Lamb........ ...

A. W. P. Lowrie.. .....

W. A. Lamb ...........

A. W. P. Lowrie .......

.....do ..............

Qage 

height

Feet 

5.30

4.00

3.05

4.72

5.35

4.60

3.00

3.90

3.92

Discharge

Sec.-/*. »100

»284

541

2,130

3,150

2,070

547

1,230

1,250

 Engineer, Department of the Interior, Canada. »Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
10

Daily di.

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

, in second-feet, of St. Mary River near Kimball, Alberta, for the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Day

I....... _ ....

2... _ ........

3. __ ........

4..... .........

5... __ 

6. ... -

7 _ ...........

8..............

9 

10 

Jl. _

12..............

13. 

14..............

15..............

16 

17..............

18 

10

20 

21. . ........

22 

23 

24 ..

25 

26. 

27 ........

28 ...,

29. ...

30 ..

31 

Oct.

375

357

330

345

342

330

318

316

312

308

298

295

289

287

284

268

284

282

266

238

277

273

266

271

278

289

277

302

335

366

400

Nov.

396

389

363

340

316

291

272

272

250

250

250

228

259

228

223

208

192

181

181

185

189

192

196

196

189

181

171

165

155

148

Dee.

137

134

131

131

128

128

128

126

128

131

131

131

137

i4n

140

142

148

155

161

168

174

181

185

185

181

174

168

164

164

161

Jan.

161

161

164

168

168

168

171

171

174

174

171

171

175

175

179

175

175

171

168

168

164

161

158

158

155

151

151

151

155

155

Feb.

155

155

155

158

158

161

151

142

137

128

123

118

113

111

111

109

111

113

116

118

120

123

123

126

126

' 126

123

120

Mar.

109

100

94

92

90

88

88

88

88

90

90

92

94

96

96

98

98

100

100

100

100

105

105

105

107

109

123

140

161

181

204

Apr.

219

241

231

228

223

219

219

231

241

250

259

272

286

473

410

366

375

461

508

513

555

567

561

555

549

567

631

720

810

915

May

1,000

1,050

1,040

1,040

1,050

1,120

1,200

1,280

1,450

1,720

2,150

2,190

2,360

2,370

2,360

2,300

2,180

2,100

2,000

1,960

2,010

2,120

2,400

2,640

2,870

3,090

3,250

3,200

3,000

2,810

2,990

June

3,300

3,320

3,240

3,200

3,220

3,320

3,290

3,170

3,150

3,320

3,440

3,200

2,960

2,630

2,500

2,330

2,080

1,900

1,740

1,600

1,730

2,480

2,220

2,140

2,020

1,830

1,700

1,630

1,530

1,530

July

1,560

1,590

1,630

1,570

1,490

1,380

1,280

1,140

1,090

1,020

932

864

841

826

788

834

1,260

1,260

1,240

1,210

1,140

1,070

1,020

958

898

857

795

772

742

713

692

Aug.

657

604

585

592

585

585

543

525

513

467

366

416

456

490

525

531

508

502

508

549

898

949

906

872

881

881

841

841

826

841

810

Sept.

795

742

750

889

1,000

1,080

1,230

1,240

1,210

1,260

1,240

1,180

1,140

1,090

1,070

1,110

1,180

1,190

1,100

1,090

1,060

1,030

924

872

772

685

585

496

444

401

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 3 to Apr. 13; daily discharge determined from 

gage heights and discharge measurements referred to chain gage, temperature records, and observer's 

notes.

Monthly discharge of St. Mary River near Kimball, Alberta, for the year ending

September 30, 1923

Month

October ___________________________ ....

December __________________________

March. ___ _______________ .................

April. . _ _ .....................

July.. ... ... ............

September _ .... ______________

The year. ___ . ________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

400 

396 

185 

179 

161 

204 

915 

3,250 

3,440 

1,630 

949 

1,260

3.440

Minimum

238 

148 

126 

151 

109 

88 

219 

1,000 

1,530 

692 

366 

401

88

Mean

305 

235 

149 

166 

130 

107 

422 

2,070 

2,520 

1,080 

647 

963

735

Run-off in

acre-feet

18,800 

14,000 

9,160 

10,200 

7,220 

6,680 

25,100 

127,000 

150,000 

66,400 

39,800 

57,200

531.000

ST. MART CANAL AT INTAKE, NEAR BABB, MONT.

LOCATION. In NW. M NE. 14 sec. 27, T. 36 N., R. 14 W., 600 feet below intake 

of St. Mary Canal on Blackfeet Indian Reservation, 1 mile east of Babb, 

Glacier County.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 1, 1918, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley printing water-stage recorder on right bank. Prior to April 17, 

1919, a staff gage 300 feet above present gage was read. The two gages 

were set to read the same but are not at same datum on account of slope in 

canal between the two points.
HUDSON BAY DBAINAGE BASINDISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 10 feet above gage. Current is 

evenly distributed throughout cross section and has a moderate velocity at 

all stages.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of gravel.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year. Rating curve 

well defined between 60 and 650 second-feet. Mean daily gage-height 

obtained by averaging the gage-height record of Gurley printing gage. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating 

table or for days of considerable fluctuation by averaging the hourly discharge. Records excellent.

COOPERATION. Maintained in cooperation with Department of the Interior, 

Canada.

Water is diverted from St. Mary River for irrigation of lands in Milk River 

Valley east of Havre, Mont. Water may be returned to St. Mary River at 

St. Mary siphon.

Discharge measurements of St. Mary Canal at intake, near Babb, Mont., during 

the year ending September 30, 1923

Date

27

July 12

27

Made by 

A. W. P. Lowrie «. ....

W. A. Lamb ___ __

A. W. P. Lowrie .......

.....do... ...............

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.77.

6.04

5.59

6.72

4.06

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

223

497

435

612

230

Date

July 29

Aug. 13

Sept. 6

7

8

Made by 

W. A. Lamb....... _ .

.....do . ..............

.....do ...............

.....do:.-....- .....

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.02

5.64

3.76

2.44

1.92

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

245

426

199

103

75

0 Engineer, Department of the Interior, Canada.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Mary Canal at intake, near Babb, Mont., 

for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 __ .. .....

2. ___ . .....

3 ............

4. ...........

5. __ . .....

6. ___ . .....

7 ____ ....

8 __ . .......

9 __ . .......

10 

11. __ ......

12............

13.... .....

14. __ . _ ..

15 . ...

May

69

79

127

185

194

June

453

482

480

474

476

477

495

488

488

488

490

488

496

498

498

July

511

512

511

512

511

507

506

506

509

515

575

618

631

659

689

Aug.

233

231

232

231

231

231

229

230

229

355

436

436

438

436

435

Sept.

370

422

357

239

213

176

on

74

71

62

Day

16 _ .........

17 _ .........

18 

19... .........

20 ..

21. ___ . _ 

22. ...........

23... ___ ....

24... ___ ....

25 . 

26............

27.... _ .. ...

28...... ...

29.... _ .....

30.... __ . ...

31 

May

191

250

292

349

387

408

442

466

476

471

479

490

511

504

501

474

June

496

499

501

504

509

504

428

362

360

370

405

432

444

488

507

July

607

281

283

284

274

244

242

240

239

237

237

236

235

235

235

234

Aug.

435

434

435

436

438

446

450

444

431

431

429

428

426

426

425

374

Sept.

Monthly discharge of St. Mary Canal at intake, near Babb, Mont., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

* Month

May 11-31- __ .......................

July.. ...... ...................................

September 1-10 

The period _ __ ..........................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

511 

509 

689 

450 

422

Minimum

69 

360 

234 

229 

62

Mean

350 

469 

407 

371 

207

Kun-off in 

acre-feet

14,600 

27,900 

25,000 

22,800 

4,110

94400
12 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

ST. MART CANAL AT ST. MART CROSSING, NEAR BABB, MONT.

LOCATION. In NE. M sec. 30, T. 37 N., R. 13 W. Montana meridian, 500 feet 

east of outlet of St. Mary River siphon, 10 miles below intake, and 9 miles 

north of Babb, Glacier County.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 6, 1918, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Stevens continuous water-stage recorder on right bank.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 70 feet above gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Control is located at head of steel flume 50 feet 

below gage. Subject to shift on account of silting of canal.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation affected by shifting control during June 

and July. Two rating curves, both well defined, used May 5 to July 26 

and July 27 to September 12. Mean daily gage height obtained from 

recorder graph by straight-line method. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table except June 10 to July 26 

when indirect method was used. Discharge for days of considerable fluctuation obtained by averaging the hourly discharge. Records good.

COOPERATION. Maintained in cooperation with Department of the Interior, 

Canada.

Discharge measurements of St. Mary Canal at St. Mary crossing, near Babb, Mont., 

during the year ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 1

27

July 12

16

Made by 

.....do-.....-.-.,......

 .do. . 

Gage 

height

Feet 

0 84

2.88

4.36

4.14

4.76

5.01

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

16.8

188

417

387

503

552

Date

July 27

Aug. 15

7

8

Made by 

W. A. Lamb __ 

 .do- 

.....do........ .... ..

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.02

4.06

a 82

1.93

1.14

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

205

391

183

85

27.3

"Engineer, Department of the Interior, Canada. ,

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Mary Canal at St. Mary crossing, near Babb, 

Mont., for the year ending September SO, 1923

Day

1.. 

2-. 

3.- 

6.. ...... .

 6.. .......

7 __ . __

8. 

9.. __ -

10- 

11.- 

12- .

13.- 

14.. 

15.- 

Oct.

14

1

May

2.8

.4

3.6

10.2

19.0

23.0

85

137

149

165

167

June

390

408

4f»8

401

403

403

414

412

416

417

419

417

424

428

424

July

438

44n

44ft

441

440

438

438

438

441

441

466

500

510

519

529

Aug.

206

206

204

9fU

201

201

200

200

200

274

388

394

394

392

390

Sept.

336

374

358

183

17286 

45.1

*> R

1.2

Day

16.. 

17.. 

18. .

19 

20. 

21 

22

23-.. .

24. .

25-.. ...

26 

27 

28. 

29- .

30 ........

31.. 

Oct. May

186

230

265

308

340

358

382

401

409

403

404

414

428

427

422

417

June

424

424

424

425

428

436

412

334

328

329

352

382

382

417

433

July

546

347

275

276

270

236

229

223

217

214

210

207

204

204

206

206

Aug.

390

388

386

386

386

390

396

398

386

382

382

380

382

380

345

334

Sept.

Monthly discharge of St. Mary Canal at St. Mary crossing, near Babb, Mont., 

for the year ending September SO, 1923

October 1-2----. _ . __ . _________ . ............

May 5-31--. ______ . _______ .. .

June.... __________________ _ ........

July. . .... ..

August. _____________________ ......... September 1-12... . ____________________

Maximum

14

498

436

546

398

374

Minimum

1

0.4

328

204

200

Mean

7.5

94<l

404

354

327

151

Run-off in

acre-feet

30

13,000

24,000

21,800

20,100

3,690
HUDSON" BAY DRAINAGE BASIN" 13

SI. MART CANAL AT HUDSON BAY DIVIDE, NEAR BROWNING, MONT.

LOCATION. In sec. 5, T. 37 N., R. 11 W., 3 miles above canal outlet, 30 miles 

north of Browning, Glacier County, on Blackfeet Indian Reservation.

BECORDS AVAILABLE. July 3, 1917, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Stevens continuous water-stage recorder on right bank 50 feet above 

first drop.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 500 feet above gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Canal uniform in section. Control is a V-shaped 

notch in concrete drop 50 feet below gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year. Rating curve 

well defined between 15 and 500 second-feet. Mean daily gage height 

determined from recorder graph by straight-line method. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table, except for 

days of considerable fluctuation for which it was obtained by averaging 

hourly discharge. Records excellent.

 COOPERATION. Maintained in cooperation with Department of the Interior, 

Canada.

Discharge measurements of St, Mary Canal at Hudson Bay divide, near Browning, Mont., during the year ending September 80, 1923

Date

Oct. 1

2

May 10

16

June 9

July 6

Aug. 14

Made by .

S. G. Dawson _ .....

A. W. P. Lowrie _ ....

W. A. Lamb ...........

A. W. Lowrie ..........

W. A. Lamb ...........

A. W. P. Lowrie .......

W. A. Lamb ...........

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.93

1.78

1.80

4.04

5.79

5.77

5.53

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

69

21.0

21.5

160

435

447

390

Date

6

7

7

8

9

11

Made by 

S. G. Dawson ..........

A. W. P. Lowrie .......

.....do.................

.. do--.. _ .........

 do. ................

.....do.. ...............

.. do--......... 

s&

Feet 

4.42

4.24

3.95

3.70

2.98

2.10

1.63

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

202

185

151

133

78

33.3

15.8

 Engineer, Department of the Interior, Canada.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Mary Canal at Hudson Bay divide, near 

Browning, Mont., for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 .. ...

2.........

3_ 

4_ .

5...... ...

6 .........

7.........

8 ......

9 .........

10.........

11.. 

12 ......

13 

14.. .......

15. .. ....

Oct.

67

23

8

5

3

May

1.8

19.2

33.4

94

134

144

159

June

432

421

426

432

430

432

433

438

432

432

430

430

433

430

425

July

425

432

437

430

432

430

430

430

432

430

435

454

477

495

502

Aug.

205

208

202

205

203

203

205

203

205

210

315

381

387

389

391

Sept.

338

340

367

318

216

190

148

76

35.6

34.0

17.4

6.6

2.9

1.0

Day

16 ......

17.........

18. 

19 ___ ...

20... ......

21 __ .....

22--......

23

24. _ .

25. _ ...

26 __ . _ .

27 ......

28. .....

29- ......

30- .

31 _____ .

Oct. May

167

187

232

274

316

350

372

394

404

418

420

430

428

438

445

454

June

430

430

430

430

428

449

456

406

350

335

326

353

381

389

410

July

510

492

326

262

247

235

210

205

202

201

199

199

196

201

205

205

Aug.

391

391

389

389

392

398

399

401

398

391

387

386

386

386

384

348

Sept.
14 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Monthly discharge of St. Mary Canal at Hudson Bay divide, near Browning, 

Mont., for the year ending September 30, 1928

Month

October 1-5.. _________________ ............

Mas 9-31... _ . _ . _ . _ .. _ .... __ . ____ .......

June _ . _____________ _____ ...........

July...... ...... ... ...... .-.- .._-._._._.. -.. 

September 1-14 _ . _______________ .......

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

67 

454 

456 

510 

401 

367

Minimum

q

1.8 

326 

196 

202 

1.0

Mean

21.2

275 

415 

347 

327 

149

Run-off in

acre-feet

210 

12,50O 

24,700- 

21,30ft 

20,100 

4,140

SWIFTC0RRENT CREEK AT MANY GLACIER, MONT.

LOCATION. In sec. 12, T. 35 N., R. 16 W., at outlet of McDermott Lake at 

Many Glacier, Glacier County, in Glacier National Park, and 14 miles southwest of Babb.

DEAINAGE AREA. 31.4 square miles (measured on Glacier National Park topographic map).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 6, 1912, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Stevens continuous water-stage recorder installed June 15, 1918, referred 

to two staff gages, one inside well and one outside. Gage inspected by C. N. 

McGillis.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 1,000 feet below gage or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Limestone outcrop at the outlet of the lake forms 

control; shifts slightly.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 4.38 feet at 

midnight June 1 (discharge, 815 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.58 feet 

October 19 and 20 (discharge, 30 second-feet).

1912-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 4.75 feet June 17, 1916 (discharge, 

1,550 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.22 feet November 6 and 7, 1921 (discharge, 10 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge affected by ice. No records during winter.

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed during winter. Rating curve 

used October 1-21 well defined between 40 and 250 second-feet; curve used 

May 6 to September 30 well defined between 30 and 700 second-feet. Daily 

gage height determined from recorder graph by straight-line method. Daily 

discharge determined by applying mean daily gage height to rating table 

except for days of considerable fluctuation for which it was determined by 

averaging the hourly discharge. Records good.

COOPERATION. Maintained in cooperation with Department of the Interior, 

Canada.

Discharge measurements of Swiftcurrent Creek at Many Glacier, Mont., during the 

year ending September 80, 1923

Date

Oct. 26

May 9

28

July 12

Made by 

...-do--. .... _.--

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.46

2.93

3.75

2.89

2.69

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

228

368

617

357

291

Date

July 27

10

30

Made by 

W. A. Lamb. ..........

A. W. P. Lowrie .......

Gage 

height

Feet 

' 2.37

2.09

1.90

1.90

1.65

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

196

120

70

76

36.1

1 Engineer, Department of the Interior, Canada.
HUDSON BAY DBAINAGE BASIN 15

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Swiftcurrent Creek at Many Glacier, Mont., for 

the year ending September 80, 1923

Day

1 _ . ....

2 

3... ___ -

4. ..........

6. _ .......

6... ........

7 _ . __ ..

8. _ .......

9 ____ ....

10--- 

11 

12. _____ .

13-- 

14_ 

15.. ..... 

Oct.

38.0

40.4

44.0

58

68

59

52

47.0

44.0

41,6

41.6

39.2

38.0

34.4

34.4

May

182

215

266

365

477

533

464

421

402

344

June

660

748

582

511

511

576

620

635

703

747

771

759

745

612

480

July

418

409

387

353

308

257

239

242

263

290

296

317

296

287

287

Aug.

156

128

102

80

82

87

84

89

91

95

102

110

118

123

120

Sept.

115

108

98

84

82

80

76

78

80

74

65

56

54

53

58

Day

16 

17.. .

18.- 

19- 

20-- __ .

21 ____ ..

22. .....

23 .....

24........

25.-.. __ .

26. __ .....

27. ____ ..

28. .-.. ..

29.........

30 

31- 

Oct.

33.2

33.2

31.0

30.0

30.0

31.0

May

293

290

314

344

368

477

564

678

669

623

706

604

452

347

314

399

June

409

427

402

402

356

353

415

393

368

341

353

338

368

409

440

July

296

275

248

236

236

236

239

239

239

224

209

200

194

191

185

185

Aug.

120

120

123

123

134

215

245

185

156

142

136

131

125

120

115

118

Sept.

65

56

46

48

50

52

53

54

58

60

56

52

46

40

36

NOTE. Discharge estimated Aug. 1-3,10-12, and Sept. 9-29; interpolated Sept. 5 and 6.

Monthly discharge of Swiftcurrent Creek at Many Glacier, Mont., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 31.4 square miles]

Month

October 1-21 _ ... .. ___ ... .....

May 6-31-.. ....

July.. ........... ...........

August ............................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

68 

706 

771 

418 

245 

115

Minimum

30

182 

338 

185 

80 

36

Mean

41.3 

427 

514 

267 

125 

64.4

Per

square 

mile

1.32 

13.6 

16.4 

8.50 

3.98 

2.05

Run-off

Inches

1.03 

13.15 

18.30 

9.80 

4.59 

2.29

Acre-feet

1,720 

22,000 

30,600 

16,400 

7,690 

3,830

SWIFTCURRENT CREEK AT SHERBURNE, MONT.

LOCATION. In sec. 35, T. 36 N., R. 15 W., 800 feet below spillway of Sherburne

Lake dam at Sherburne, Glacier County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 64 square miles (measured on Glacier National Park topographic map).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 1, 1912, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Stevens continuous water-stage recorder installed May 18, 1921, on left

bank 800 feet below spillway of Sherburne Lake dam referred to staff gage

at same site installed August 10, 1920.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 450 feet above gage or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. An outcropping limestone ledge, somewhat broken

and irregular, forms the control; subject to slight shifts. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.31 feet at

10 a. m. June 11 (discharge, 864 second-feet); no flow June 21 and June

27-30, and .July 2 and 3.

1912-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 7.85 feet June 17, 1916 (discharge,

2,280 second-feet); no flow at various times when gates were closed. 

ICE. Not seriously affected by ice. 

DIVERSIONS. None. 

REGULATION. Flow regulated by gate operations.
16 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed May 15; not seriously affected by 

ice. Rating curves used before and after shift well defined. Mean daily gage 

height determined from recorder graph by straight-line method October 

1-31, May 6 to June 15, June 27 to July 15, and July 19 to September 30. 

Outside gage read to hundredths once daily during remainder of year. Daily 

discharge determined by applying mean daily gage height to rating table,, 

except for days of considerable fluctuation for which it was determined by 

averaging the hourly discharge. Records good.

COOPERATION. Maintained in cooperation with Department of the Interior^. 

Canada.

Discharge measurements of Swiftcurrent Creek at Sherburne, Mont., during the year 

ending September SO, 192S

Date

Oct. 1

26

May 17

June 7

27

July 12

Made by 

A. W. P. Lowrie «.. ...

A. W. P. Lowrie .......

W. A. Lamb __ ... _ .

A. W. P. Lowrie .......

-....do.................

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.67

2.08

4.27

5.08

.17

2.26

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

64

01

538

784

'Nil.

123

Date

July 26

Aug. 13

Sept. 7

8

30

Made by 

S. Q. Dawson «... .....

W. A. Lamb ...........

S. Q. Dawson ..........

.....do.- ............

A. W. P. Lowrie. ......

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.08

3.94

5.05

5.05

1.66

DischargeSec.-ft. 

21.1

443

773

763

47.9'

 Engineer, Department of the Interior, Canada.

* Gates of Sherburne Dam closed.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Swiftcurrent Creek at Sherburne, Mont., for theyear ending September SO, 1923

Day

1..... __ .....

2. __ . _ .....

3.. .........

4..............

5.. .........

6..............

7.... __ .....

8..............

9 _ ........ ...

10..............

11 _ .. _ ......

12... _ ... _ ..

13..............

14... __ ... _ .

15..............

16..... .........

17..... __ ....

18..............

19..............

20..............

21 _______ ...

22 _____ ......

23........ ......

24 _____ ......

25..............

26. __ .... _ ..

27..............

28.. __ ... _ ..

29..............

30..............

31... ........

Oct.

64

55

56

70

77

71

69

67

63

60

58

56

56

55

48.8

48.2

50.0

47.6

44.6

45.8

47.6

55

55

42.2

81

107

230

252

220

204

145

Nov.

105

98

89

87

73

68

65

63

62

60

58

53

49.4

50.0

51.0

53.0

42.8

46.4

51.0

48.8

46.4

47.6

46.4

46.4

45.2

44.6

40.4

32.0

39.2

41.6

Dec.

41.6

39.2

44.0

45.2

43.4

42.8

42.8

43.4

44.0

44.6

45.2

44.0

44 n

45.2

17.6

12.2

11.8

12.6

15.4

1&6

30.0

31.0

56

51

53

54

53

65

67

70fid

Jan.

71

67

46.4

53

(U

31.0

29.0

64

28.0

26.4

68

67

30.0

24.8

60

57

20.0

13.6

11.8

46.4

50.0

58

50

51.0

49.4

50

50.0

45.2

41.6

34.0

<*Q *>

Feb.

40.4

27.2

28.0

23.2

32.0

31.0

21.6

33.0

35.0

37.0

35.0

33.5 34 n

32.0

34.0

30.0

31.0

34.0

31.0

31.5

32.0

31.0

30.0

29.0

28.0

28.0

29.0

30.0

Mar.

29.0

26.4

26.4

20.0

9.8

9.8

5.8

4.6

3.8

3.8

4.2

5.4

20.0

35.0

53.0

27.2

28.0

26.4

22.4

30.0

39.2

38.0

33.0

32.0

32.0

33.0

33.0

34.0

36.0

38.0

40.4

Apr.

48.8

53.0

46.4

50.0

56

54

54

53

57

46.4

48.8

60.0

71

76

82

98

184

213

263

250

213

195

167

149

140

135

199

263

335

367

May

309

296

242

213

209

250

296

353

439

544

626

674

678

667

642

577

538

517

511

517

545

606

676

736

763

787

797

776

740

666

636

June

682

773

800

787

770

756

776

790

807

838

335

3.3

1.2

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

.3

.3

.3

.0

2.0

1.8

1.2

1.0

1.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

July

0.3

.0

.0

.7

1.0

1.0

.7

21.0

79

79

105

144

200

200

203

203

217

207

190

88

30.0

30.5

24.8

20.4

21.2

21.2

21.2

21.2

21.6

21.6

21.2

Aug.

21.6

90

182

182

182

182

182

181

277

380

421

443

443

440

440

437

446

456

454

487

511

511

508

508

506

503

528

559

559

554

554

Sept.

545

548

602

703

77£

766

763

753

736

723-

707

69r 682-

669

671

828

800

TO

821

821

770

691

66»

544

268

132

87

68

68

53
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE BASIN 17

Monthly discharge of Swiftcurrent Creek at Sherburne, Mont., for the year ending

September 30,

Month

October. __________________________

November.. _______ .. _____________

DacflTnher

January ___________________________

March

April.....................................................

May

June

July......................................................

August

September

The year

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

252 

105 

70 

71 

40.4 

53 

367 

797 

838 

217 

,559 X 828

838

Minimum

42.2 

32.0 

11.8 

11.8 

21.6 

3.8 

46.4 

209 

.0 

.0 

21.6 

53

.0

Mean

83.9 

56.8 

41.7 

45.1 

31.1 

25.1 

134 

543 

271 

70.8 

391 

590

191

Run-off in 

acre-feet

5,160 

3,380 

2,560 

2,770 

1,730 

1,540 

7,970 

33,400 

16,100 

4,350 

24,000 

35,100

138,000

CANYON CREEK NEAR MANY GLACIER, MONT.

LOCATION. At the edge of heavy-timber area, half a mile above mouth, in 

Glacier National Park, 2 miles southeast of Many Glacier, Glacier County,

DBAINAQE AREA. 7.0 square miles (measured on topographic map of Glacier 

National Park).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 12, 1918, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Stevens continuous water-stage recorder on left bank.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from footbridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of stream covered with heavy boulders and cobblestones. Control is riffle 20 feet below gage; may shift at high stage. 

Banks high; not subject to overflow.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 2.33 feet at 

2.30 p. m. June 1 (discharge, 168 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.58 foot 

October 17-21 (discharge, 5.2 second-feet).

1918-1923: Maximum stage, 3.34 feet May 16, 1922 (discharge estimated 

500 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.56 foot October 4, 1919 (discharge, 3.3 

second-feet). '

ICE. Station not operated during winter on account of severe ice conditions.

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly during winter. Rating 

curve used May 9 to September 30 fairly well defined between 2 and 90 

second-feet. Daily gage heights ascertained from recorder graph by straightline method. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage 

height to rating table; indirect method used October 1-21. Records good.

COOPERATION. Maintained in cooperation with Department of the Interior, 

Canada.

Discharge measurements of Canyon Creek near Many Glacier, Mont., during the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 26

28

July 12

27

Made by 

,-..do....._......._..__

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.47

1.76

1.54

1.37

1.21

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

58

86

63

45.7

29.6

Date

July 29

Aug. 16

30

Made by- Gage 

height

Feet 

1.21

.97 .88'

.70

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

29.1

17.0

14.0

7.9

1 Engineer, Department of the Interior, Canada.
18 SUBFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Canyon Creek near Many Glacier, Mont., for the 

year ending September 30, 1928

Day

1. .. .......

2. .........

3 ........

4 ._........

5., 

6 ..... ..

7..- ....

8... _ ....

9.- 

10- 

11... ...

12.- 

13.- 

14... ... ie.-~ ......

Oct.

7.4

7.4

7.0

11.2

12.6

10.8

9.4

9.0

8.0

7.7

7.4

7.0

6.4

6.0

5.7

May

60

70

74

60

55

48.3

39.4

June

142

114

81

71

69

82

88

Q4.

98

105

110

110

101

80

64

July

71

68

66

60

50

43.3

41.4

43.3

46.2

4fi 9

45.3

44.3

43.3

42 4

42.4

Aug.

oo q

20.8

18.8

17 Q

17.9

ias

17.1

17.1

16.7

16.7

16.7

17.1

17 Q

 to q

1ft Q

Sept.

18.3

17.5

16.7

15.8

14.6

14.2

13.2

12.9

12.9

19 ft

1 f q

10.8

10.5

10.2

10.5

Day

16. 

17 

18. 

19.-- 

20. 

21.. 

22.- 

23. ...... .

24--. .

OK

26. 

27. 

28. 

29.. 

30---- 

01

Oct.

5.7

fi«

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

May

36,7

40.4

46.2

48.3

53

65

79

93

81

84

93

64

48.3

40.4

44.3

78

June

57

62

54

55

52

63

80

69

62

57

56

57

66

74

74

July

43.3

41.4

41.4

40.4

38.5

38.5

39.4

38.5

36.7

34.4

33.6

32.0

30.5

31.3

30.5

28 4

Aug.

17.9

17.9

18.3

18.3

39.6

97

56

39.4

31.3

27.1

25.9

23.3

22.8

21.8

91 q

1Q q

Sept.

11.3

10.5

10.0

9.5

9.2

9.8

10.0

9.8

9.2

9.2

9.2

9.2

9.0

8.5

NOTE. No record Oct. 22 to May 8.

Monthly discharge of Canyon Creek near Many Glacier, Mont., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 7.0 square miles!

Month

October 1-21.. __ . _______ .

May 9-31 _ ____ . ______

June.. _______________

July.............. .................

September _____________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

12.6 

93 

142 

71 

97 

18.3

Minimum

5.2 

36.7 

52

28.4 

16.7 

8.5

Mean

7.37 

60.9 

78 

43.0 

24.9 

11.5

Per

square 

mile

1.05

8.70 

11.2 

6.14 

3.56 

1.64

Run-off

Inches

0.82 

7.44 

12.50 

7.08 

4.10 

1.83

Acre-feet

307 

2^780 

4,650 

2,640 

1,530 

684

BED EIVEE AT FARGO, N. DAK.

LOCATION. Above dam half a mile above highway bridge connecting Front 

Street, Fargo, Cass County, N. Dak., with Moorhead, Minn., 10 miles above 

mouth of Sheyenne River.

DRAINAGE ABBA. 6,420 square miles (revised).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 27, 1901, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Vertical staff attached to tree on left bank 6 rods above dam; vertical 

staff for convenient comparison attached to upper end of fishway, left end 

of dam. Gage read by R. T. Jacobsen.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from footbridge a few feet upstream from 

gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of clay and silt; nearly permanent. 

Control is timber and steel crib dam, rock filled, below gage; has settled a 

few inches since construction. At extreme low stage the fall over the dam 

is about 5 feet.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year, 7.9 feet June 29 (discharge, 3,960 second-feet); minimum stage, 1 foot October 7, 10, and February 10, 17, and 24 (discharge, 24 second-feet).

1901-1923: Maximum open-water stage recorded, 17.34 feet July 11,1916 

discharge, 7,740 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.75 foot September 11, 1922 

(discharge, 9 second-feet).
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE BASIN 19

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

DIVERSION. None.

REGULATION. No "power plants or storage above the station nearer than 60 

miles, and storage not great enough ordinarily to affect discharge at station.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly due to settling of dam; 

slightly affected by ice during year. Rating curve used October 1 to April 

10 well defined between 120 and 4,400 second-feet; curve used April 11 to 

September 30 fairly well defined between 80 and 4,400 second-feet. Gage 

read to hundredths once daily except during winter, when it was read once 

or twice a week. Daily discharge obtained by applying daily gage height 

. to rating table. Open-water records fair, winter records poor.

Discharge measurements of Red River at Fargo, N. Dak., during the year ending

September SO, 192S

[Made by E. F. Chandler]

Date

Nov. 4 _ .-.._._______ ______

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.22

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

79

244

Date

July2.. 

Gage

Feet 

4.53

1.31

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,840

116

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Red River at Fargo, N. Dak., for the year ending

September SO, 192S

Day

1 __ .... .....

2. 

3 ..

4. __-__ .

5 

6..-.- . . ...

7 ._

8 . .

9.....

10. .. . .

11 _ .... __ ...

12 ..,.

13-.-.-. . . .

14 

15 .....

16 

17 . .

18.... .._.._.__

19 .,.

20 ___ . 

21 .........

22 .........

23 ___ . . 24 ......._: 25 ... .

26 

27 .........

28 .. ..

29 .........

30 .........

31 . 

Oct.

40

32

39

57

57

39

24

32

39

24

32

32

39

39

39

<?Q

39

QQ

57

57

57

48

39

39

39

39

39

39

39

39

39

Nov.

39

57

57

57

57

57

102

144

129

129

102

109

116

116

on

78

on

110

129

116

102

102

102

102

102 ino

90

102

Dec.

78

57

57

57

57

K7

57

57

57

Jan.

78

57

39

39

39

Feb.

39

24

24

24

57

Mar.

57

57

57

57

Apr.

68

78

78

78

78

78

78

318

568

808

1,060

1,300

1,870

1,600

2,040

2,470

2,560

2,650

2,470

2,370

1,970

1,690

1,400

1,120

835

780

698

671

671

671

May

645

645

658

671

725

698

671

645

645

619

645

521

521

521

475

452

408

464

521

521

521

545

545

521

498

475

452

430

430

398

365

June 

J

365

386

397

408

386

365

344

365

304

276

248

248

252

231

215

170

184

199

157

144

365

545

569

757

945

1,970

3,480

3,800

3,960

3,800

July

2,720

1,640

1,300

1,120

945

890

725

685

645

568

521

475

394

248

257

266

324

344

266

248

222

196

170

144

144

188

231

231

200

170

144

Aug.

120

132

98

98

109

120

88

98

88

78

78

88

98

98

88

98

120

98

98

98

88

78

60

69

69

69

69

69

78

98

88

Sept.

98

98

98

98

98

78

69

44

40

37

37

30

37

44

52

48

44

60

60

78

78

72

66

60

68

76

84

93

102

100

NOTE. Discharge interpolated on account of missing gage height Oct. 1, 8, 15, 22, and 28-30; Nov. 5» 

12,19, and 24h26; Apr. 1, 3-5, 7-11, 15, 22-24, and 29; May 3, 6, 13, 18, 20, 27, and 30; June 3, 10, 17, and 24J 

July 1, 4, 8, 15, 21, 22, 26, and 29; Aug. 5, 12, 19, and 26; Sept. 2, 3, 9, 16, 22, 23, 25-28, and 30.
20 SURFACE. WATER SUPPLY, 1923r PART, V

Monthly discharge of Red River at Fargo, N. Dak., /or the year ending Septe mber

SO, 19SS

Month

October. __________________________

November _________________________

January ___________________________

February... ________________________ March _ . __________ __ _ ..........

April... __ . ____ .... ____ . __ ________

Mayi. ___________________ ...............

June _____________ .

July......................................................

August _______________ .. . . ..........

September ________________ ...............

The year.. . ........................................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

57 

144

2,65Q 

725 

3,960 

2,720 

132 

102

3,960

Minimum

24 

39

68 

365 

144 

144 

60 

30

24

Mean

40.4 

96.4 "55 

"45 

"30 

"55 

1,100 

544 

861 

533 

91.2 

68.2

293

Kun-off in 

acre-feet

2,480 

5,740 

3,380 

2,770 

1,670 

3,380 

65,500 

33,400 

51,200 

32,800 

5,610 

4,060

212,000

« Estimated.

BED RIVER AT GRAND FORES, N. DAE.

LOCATION. At Northern Pacific Railway bridge between Grand Forks, Grand 

Forks County, N. Dak., and East Grand Forks, Minn., half a mile below 

mouth of Red Lake River.

DBAINAGE ABE A. 25,500 square miles (revised).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 26, 1901, to September 30, 1923. Gage-height 

records at same point kept by United States Engineer Corps from 1882 to 

1901 and a few discharge measurements made by them in early years.

GAGE. Vertical i^baff attached to ice-breaker below center pier of bridge. Gagep 

maintained by the United States Engineer Corps and the United States 

Weather Bureau at the same bridge have a datum 5.00 feet higher than the 

gage datum of the Geological Survey and are more convenient for use. 

The Weather Bureau gage is read by Alex Slattery and 5.00 feet added to 

observations.

DISCHARGE MEASTTBEMENTS. Made from Great Northern Railway bridge a 

quarter of a mile above gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Clay and silt; changes very slowly.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum open-water stage recorded during year, 

26.15 feet at 7 a. m. April 22 (discharge, 16,200 second-feet); minimum 

discharge estimated at 267 second-feet February 21-24 and 28, March 1-3, 

and 7 (stage-discharge relation affected by ice).

1882-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 50.2 feet April 10, 1897 (discharge, 

43,000 second-feet); minimum discharge 100 second-feet during early part 

of February, 1912 (stage-discharge relation affected by ice).

ICE. rStage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. No power plants above with sufficient storage to cause noticeable variations in flow.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice. Rating curve well defined between 400 and 15,000 second-feet and fairly well 

defined to 30,000 second-feet. Gage read to quarter-tenths twice daily 

except during winter period when it was read twice a week. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table 

except for periods indicated in footnote to table of daily discharge. Openwater records good, winter records fair.
HUDSON,- BAY s DBAI2SEA6E BASIN 21

Discharge measurements of Red River at Grand Forks, N. Dak., during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Dec. 22

Jan. 20

Feb. 10

Mar, 3

Apr. 21

Made by 

Tilly and Black........

Johnson and Diehl __

..-.do.. . ..............

Gage 

height

Feet 

«4.18

«4.74

"4.76

»4.48

»26.39

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

372

454

334

268

15,700

Date

Apr. 28 May 26

July 6

Made by 

.... .do..... ... ...

M. Diehl.._........ ....

Gage 

height

Feet 

15.97

7.57

6.00

9.49

408

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

7,480

2,130

1,290

3,230

620

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Red River at Grand Forks, N. Dak., for the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Day

I.....- -.,

2.............

3.............

4.............

5.. ...........

 

7.......... .

8............

9...... .......

30..... ..

11.... ..

32..... .....

13...- ..

14.............

15.. ...........

16 

17...... .....

18. . 

19.............

20 

21...... .....

22.............

23 

24...... .......

25.... ........

26.... .........

27............

28...... .......

29... ..........

30 .......

SI.... .....

Oct.

477

505

505

477

477

505

477

477

450

450

450

477

477

477

477

505

505

505 533'

533

561

533

533

505

505

533

561

561

590

590

Nov.

590

590

619

619

649

680

712

fAK

847

847

77ft

778

778

812

778

778

812

812

778

778

745

680

561

619

649

680

680

Dec.

712

680

665

649

634

619

576

533

505

505

505

505

505

4Qfi

486

477

450

424

424

424

400

375

450

450

464

477

468

459

450

424

Jan.

399

387

375

360

345

330

330

330

352

375

383

391

399

399

399

412

424

479

441

450

450

450

464

477

477

464

450

426

399

387

375

Feb.

367

OCft

QEO

330 QAQ

308

308

Ql E

322

330

319

308

308

308

308

308

308

298

287

977

267

267

267

O77

287

277

267

Mar.

267

267

977

007

977

267

9ft 1

OQR

308

319

330

oro

375

387

399

375

387

399

424

450

492

533

533

c^7

561

561

«ifii

576

590

590

Apr.

^Qfl

619

R4Q

RAQ

fidQ

680

712

745

778

Qio

957

995

1,610

9 4.OTI

3,580

4,100

4,640

6,280

8,970

1O Qftft

15,600

15,900

14,800

13,300

11,600

9,900

8,320

7,400

6,690

6,220

May

5,780

5,480

5,180

4,520

4,460

4. 4nn

4,400

4,280

4 040

3^750

3,520

3,290

3,240

3,080

2,950

9 S4.f»

2,660

9 4QTI

9 isn

2 380

2,320

2,320

2,270

2,210

9 91 fi

2,150

2,100

2,100

2,040

2,040 i osn

June

1,930

1,870

1,770

1,660

1,610

1,560

1,520

1,470

1,380

1,330

1,240

1,200

1, 160

1,120

1,070

1,030

1,030

995

957

Q9n

957

1,030

1,160

1,240

1,420

1,720

2,270

2,840

3,410

4,160

July

4,760

5,000

5,000

4,580

3,980

3,290

2,840

2,380

2,150

1,930

1,820

1,720

1,610

1,520

1,330

1,160

1,030

920

847

847

883

995

1,030

995

920

847

778 '745

778

847

883

Aug.

883

812

778

745

712

649

619

619

590

561

561

533

533

505

533

533

590

619

619

u90

561

533

505

505

477

477

477

450

450

424

Sept.

424

424

424

424

450

450

477

477

505

533

533

505

477

477

450

450

450

450

477

450

4J)

450

450

477

505

505

505

505

505

533

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation^ affected by ice Nov. 29 to Apr. 21; daily discharge determined from 

gage'heights corrected for effect ofice by means of five discharge measurements, or by 'interpolationfor days 

when gage was not read.

Monthly discharge of Red River at Grand Forks, N. Dak., for the year ending

September SO, 1923

Month

March. _________________ _ . _______

July...........-.:........ ........... ...... ...........

September........ _ .... ...... . ....

The year ____ _____ . __ . _ _ _ ...

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

590 

847 

712 

477 

367 

590 

15,900 

5,780 

4,160 

5,000 

883 

533

15.900

Minimum

450 

590 

375 

330 

267 

267 

590 

1,980 

920 

745 

424 

424

267

Mean

507 

720

505 

404 

304 

404 

5,450 

3,190 

1,570 

1,880 

588 

473

1,330

Run-off in

acre-feet

31,200 

42,800 

31,100 

24,800 

16,900 

24,800 

324,000 

196,000 

93,400 

116,000 

36,200 

28,100

965,000
22 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V 

BOIS DBS SIOUX EIVEE HEAR TENNEY, MINN.

LOCATION. Near center of sec. 22, T. 130 N., R. 47 W. at Soo Railway bridge 

5 miles west of Tenney, Wilkin County, Minn., and 2 miles east of Fairmount, N. Dak.

DRAINAGE ABE A. 1,460 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 1, 1919, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Vertical staff attached to the piling pier of the Soo Railway bridge,: 

read by Math Schmit and Harry Voss.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge, from railway bridge,, 

or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of silt and fine clay, overgrown with 

weeds, which clog the channel by an amount varying with the season. 

No considerable shifts in channel likely because normal velocities insufficient to erode.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum discharge recorded during year, 76 second-feet April 14; no flow October 1 to March 29 and July 29 to September 

30.

1919-1923: Maximum discharge, 390 second-feet April 22, 1922; no flow 

during several long periods.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. There are no reservoirs or power plants which affect the flow. 

The station is 15 miles below the outlet of Lake Traverse with no considerable tributaries entering between, so that abrupt changes in discharge are 

unlikely. Very extensive ditching and drainage work in the tributary area 

during the past 15 years may affect the distribution of flow.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; affected by ice and by 

heavy aquatic growth. Rating curve fairly well defined below 400 secondfeet. Gage read to half-tenths two or three times a week. Daily discharge ascertained by applying gage height to rating table by direct or indirect method and by interpolating for days whent gage was not read. Records poor.

Discharge measurements of Bois des Sioux River near Tenney, Minn., during the 

year ending September 30, 1928

[Made by E. F. Chandler]

Date

June 15..-- _____________ _J __ __ _____________ ...........

Aug. 30.- ______________________________ . __________

\

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.22

1.11

Discharge

Sec.-ft. "4.4

0

1 Float measurement. Stage-discharge relation affected by aquatic growth.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE BASIN 23

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Bois des Sioux River near-Tenney, Minn., for 

the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1.. . __ .

2. ...........

3 __ ........

4 ............

5 ............

6............

8 ............

9 ............

10.. ..........

11.. _ . ......

12............

13 .

14. ___ . .....

15 _ ..

Mar. Apr.

16

16

21

26

32

33

34

36

38

70

70

73

76

70

May

28

28

27

26

25

25

25

24

24

24

23

23

22

22

19

June

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

15

13

11

9

7

7

7

7

July

5

5

4

4

4

4

4

3

3

3

2

2

2

2

2

Day

16 __ . __

17.... __ ....

18 

19...... _ ...

20 

21 

22 

23 

24. 

25 __ ........

26. ____ ....

27 

28

29 _ . ........

30 

31- __ 

Mar.

5

16

Apr.

64

54

44

38

33

28

28

28

28

28

27

26

25

26

27

May

16

18

20

24

23

22

22

22

22

22

19

19

19

19

19

19

June

6

4

3

3

3

3

4

4

6

7

7

6

6

5

5

July s

2

2

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Mar. 30 to Apr. 12 and by aquatic growth May 1 to July 

28. Daily discharge May 1 to July 28 determined from gage heights corrected by means of one discharge 

measurement. No discharge on days for which no record is given.

Monthly discharge oj Bois des Sioux River near Tenney, Minn., for the year ending September 30, 1923

Month

March. ______ _______________ _____

July...... ._. _ __ ,.. _

Discharge in second-feet

,»

Maximum

16

76 

28 

16 

5

76

Minimum

0 

16 

16 

3 

0

0

Mean

0.68 

38.5 

22.3 

8.67 

2.23

6.01

Kun-off in

acre-feet

42 

2,290 

1,370 

516 

137

4,360

NOTE. No flow during months for which no record is given.

MUSTINKA RIVER ABOVE WHEATON, MINN.

LOCATION. On line between sees. 7 and 8, T. 127 N., R. 46 W., 1 mile upstream 

from Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway bridge, 1% miles northeast of 

Wheaton, Traverse County, and 8 miles above Lake Traverse into which the 

river discharges.

DRAINAGE ABBA. 776 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 23 to September 30, 1917, and June 25, 1919, to 

September 30, 1923. June 7 to September 30, 1916, at a point 3^ miles 

downstream.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge; read by Vernon Heggen. A staff gage 

is at railway bridge for convenient comparison, the datum of which is so 

placed that readings on staff gage are 10 feet greater numerically than on 

chain gage.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge near Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway bridge, from highway bridge at chain gage, or 

from highway bridge midway between them.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL,. Natural bed was composed of clay and silt, but in 

1914 the channel was dredged several feet deeper, until the bottom is now 

in or near hardpan and almost permanent* The slope,of the river from 

lowest stage at the gage to ordinary stage of Lake Traverse is only about 5 

feet, so that in exceptional cases flood stage in the lake may affect the stage 

at gage.
24 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

EXTREMES OF PIJSCHABGE. Maximura ppenry

8.4 feet April 15 (discharge, 746 secondHfeet); rib flow August 15-19,! September 5-15 and 22-30.

1917; 1919-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 14.7 feet April 1, 1917 (discharge, 2,340 second-feet); no flow during several periods.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve fairly well 

defined between 4 and 2,400 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths once 

daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating 

table except as indicated in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records 

prior to April 15 poor; subsequent to that date fair.

Discharge measurements of Mustinka River above Wheaton, Minn., during the year

ending September 30, 1928

[Made by E. F. Chandler]

Date

Aug. 31.. . 

Oage 

height

Feet 

1.31

1.18

Discharge

See.-ft. 

0.3

« Float measurement.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mustinka River above Wheaton, Minn., for the 

year ending September SO, 1928

Day

1 

2... .......... .

3 .... 

5. ___ .......

6 

7 ..... .... .

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 - 

13 - 

14 ___ .... .

15 

16 

17 

18 

19. - 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24..... 

25 . 

26 

27 

28 .

29

30 

31 

Oct.

0.08

Nov.

0.06

Dec.

0.05

Jan.

0.04

Feb.

0.03

Mar.

0.04

Apr.

0.5

.5

1

2

3

5

100

200

421

476

531

634

689

746

564

436

OfiO

163

142

122

100

79

48

An

36

32

Ofi

21

1ft

May

21

21

18

17

16

9

6.7

6.0

5.4

4.7

4.1

3.9

3.7

3.1

2.7

9 fi

2.5

2.5

4.0

4.0

3.7

3.1

2.5

2.4

O Q

1.9

1 8

1.6

1.8

i a

1.9

June

2.2

1.8

1.4

1.0

.8

.7

.6

.5

.5

.4

.3

.3

.3

.3

.2

.1

.2

.3

1.2

2.1

1.7

1.2

2.3

3.0

n i

2.9

24

23

22

July

21

18

7.4

9.8

4.3

4.3

2.9

2.6

2.3

1.9

2.1

1.6

1.3

1.2

1.0

.8

.5

.5

.6

.6

.5

.5

.5

.3

.5

.3

.3

.3

.3

Aug.

0.2

.2

.2

.1

.2

.1

.08

.06

.05

.03

.02

.02

.01

.01

.00

.00

.00

.00

.00

.02

.07

.05

.03

.02

.01

.8

.2

.2

.09

.05

.04

Se pt~

0.03

.01

.01

.01

.00'

.00

.00

.00 .00-

.00 .00-

.00*

.00-

.01

.05

.04

.03,

.00

.00

.00

.00

.00fwv

.00

.00

.00

NOTE. Discharge Oct. 1 to Apr. 14 estimated from temperature and precipitation records, and comparison with records for other streams in the Bed River basin.
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE BASIN 25

Monthly discharge of Mv,stinka>River ab&ve Wheaton,Minn., for the^year>ending

September SO, 1928

Month

October __________________________

April..... -. ...... . -. ..-.. _

May

July........ - .--....-. -.- . 

fjfjm^mhfir

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

. 746 

21 

24 

21 

.8 

.05

746

Minimum

0.5 

1.6 

.1 

.3 

.00 

.00

.00

Mean

0.08 

.06 

.05 

.04 

.03 

.04 

198 

5.90 

3.98 

2.87 

.0923 

.0087

17.4

Run-off in 

acre-feet

4.9 

3.6 

3.1 

2.5 

1.7 

2.5 

11,800 

363 

237 

176 

5.7 

.5

12,600

RED IAKE RIVER AT THIEF RIVES FAILS, BONN.

LOCATION. In sec. 33, T. 154 N., R. 43 W., one-third mile below dam at Thief 

River Falls, Pennington County, and 1 mile below mouth of Thief River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 3,430 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 2, 1909, to September 30, 1918, and March 25,1920, 

to September 30,1923.

GAGE. Inclined staff gage located on right bank, installed August 19, 1920; 

read by Dedrick Knutson and Thomas Hastad.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable near gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Gravel and small boulders; nearly permanent.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 9.6 feet 

April 21 (discharge, 4,100 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.65 feet November 

25 and 26 (discharge, 3 second-feet).

1909-1918; 1920-1923: Maximum open-water stage recorded, 12.2 feet 

April 19-21, 1916 (discharge, 7,040 second-feet); no flow July 17 and August 

27,1911.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. One-third mile above station at the dam are plants of Hanson 

& Barzen Milling Co. and city lighting plant, operated ordinarily in daytime and night, respectively. These plants sometimes cause large sudden 

fluctuations in flow at the gage, but it is the purpose to take gage observations at such times of the day that these effects will be compensating and 

the monthly averages accurate.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined 

above 20 second-feet. Gage read to half-tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table except as 

shown in footnote to table of daily discharge. Open-water records at 

medium and high stages good; at low stages, fair. Winter records poor.

Discharge measurements of Red Lake River at Thief River Falls, Minn., during the 

year ending September SO, 1928

Date

Oct. 9

Nov. 5

5

Dec. 27

28

Feb. 3

Made by 

R. V. Tilly.............

A. Johnson... _____

.....do ...............

R.V. Tilly.............

__ .do ______ . __

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.51

4.09

4.29

 5.20

«4.71

 5.16

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

363

256

331

270

147

309

Date

Feb. 4

May 5

July 17

20

Made by 

A. Johnson ______

.....do..................

E. F. Chandler ........

.....do ...............

Gage 

height

Feet 

 4.64

6.12

4.09

4.06

4.05

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

120

1,120

231

247

225

> Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
26 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Red Lake River at Thief River Falls, Minn., for 

the year ending September 80, 1928

Day

1 _____ . _

2..............

3 

4... ...........

5 

6 ... .. ...

7 . ........

8

9..............

10. 

11 

12

13 

14 _ . ___ ....

15 

16 

17......... ..

18..............

19 

20........ ...

21........ ..

22 ........ 

23

24

25 

26..............

27 

28

29..............

30 

31........ ...

Oct!

150

258

288

237

186

150

174

229

214

199

174

258

353

388

320

288

199

244

288

174

126

150

174

174

199

174

174

174

258

199

212

Nov.

353

229

288

258

212

288

353

388

229

353

353

212

336

199

353

425

300

174

258

425

425 388'

150

76

3

3

353

388

257

126

Dec.

243

216

189

199

209

219

229

202

230

259

288

281

273

304

336

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

223

243

273

152

140

129

87

Jan.

44

69

94

119

144

169

194

219

243

210

177

144

110

75

96

117

125

133

140

125

110

95

110

125

140

128

117

117

123

129

135

Feb.

140

112

85

32

84

136

189

173

156

140

44

80

116

152

189

153

117

117

113

109

105

102

99

95

189

195

202

209

Mar.

215

175

135

95

106

117

112

106

101

95

66

38

58

79

99

120

140

148

156

164

148

132

' 117

58

67

77

86

96

106

117

123

Apr.

129

134

140

123

107

91

75

32

117

117

300

484

795

705

570

1,050

1,800

2,730

2,550

3,900

4,100

3,600

2,910

2,430

1,950

2,030

2,030

1,430

1,640

1,430

May

1,300

1,300

1,300

176

1,110

1,110

1,050

995

795

750

615

750

750

795

772

750

750

750

795

750

750

750

772

795

750

750

795

705

705

705

660

June

615

570

705

615

570

570

615

570

526

336

548

484

406

444

484

505

526

548

273

304

253

202

189

336

484

273

406

273

370

484

July

273

526

215

406

484

548

215

273

370

370

406

243

215

243

273

215

353

229

388

229

388

548

288

202

229

258

100

100

258

100

100

Aug.

40

100

100

100

336

100

100

100

288

425

100

229

140

44

353

370

205

44

210

229

258

152

304

425

258

425

229

38

320

229

353

Sept.

258

38

229

229

128

229

229

570

258

176

106

229

229

106

85

258

229

258

152

128

336

229

229

353

85

38

85

229

85

229

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 27 to Apr. 19 and gage read only two or three times 

a week; discharge determined by means of four discharge measurements, observer's notes, and temperature 

records. Gage not read Oct. 4, 9, 18, 22, 27, Nov. 17, 24, Apr. 24, May 2, 15, 23, June 16, 21, 24; discharge 

interpolated. Water below bottom of gage July 27, 28, 30, 31, Aug. 1-4, 6-8, and 11; discharge estimated.

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Red Lake River at Thief River Fatts, Minn., 

for the year ending September 30, 1928

Month

October

November.. _______

April

Maximum

388

425

336

243

209

91 f\

4,100

Minimum

126

3

87

44

^9

qo

32

Mean

219

272

217

131

130

111

1,320

Month

July......................

Maximum

1,300

705

548

425

570

4,100

Minimum

176

189

100

38

38

3

Mean

823

449

292

213

201

364

RED LAKE RIVER AT CROOKSTON, MINN.

LOCATION. In-sec. 30, T. 150 N., R. 46 W., at Sampson's Addition highway 

bridge in Crookston, Polk County, a quarter mile below dam and power 

house of Crookston Light, Water & Power Co. No tributaries for several 

miles above or below.

DRAINAGE AREA. 5,320 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 19, 1901, to September 30, 1923.
HUDSON BAT DRAINAGE BASIN 27

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge at midspan was installed July 1, 1909, and 

was read during years 1909-1911 and 1920-1923, Prior to July 1, 1909, the 

gage was at former wooden highway bridge 300 feet above present bridge; 

this gage read same as present gage at ordinary stages. From September, 

1911, to September, 1919, a Barrett and Lawrence water-stage recorder, 

located on right abutment of bridge, was in operation.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge at gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of silt, gravel, and small boulders; 

control not well defined. Channel shifts slightly during long intervals. 

Flow confined to one channel at all stages.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum discharge recorded during year, 5,820 

second-feet April 20; minimum discharge recorded, 22 second-feet August 2. 

1901-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, 14,700 second-feet July 5, 

1919; minimum discharge, 10 second-feet during current-meter measurement January 27, 1912.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice; flow computed from 

gage readings by means of discharge measurements, weather records, and 

comparisons with records of flow of near-by streams.

REGULATION. In some seasons, especially if the river is very low, comparatively large diurnal fluctuations in gage height are caused by operation of 

power plant immediately above station and another 8 miles upstream. 

The nearer plant has very little storage and the farther plant uses storage

equivalent to only one or two days natural flow of the stream; hence the

controlled mean monthly flow is very nearly equal to the natural monthly 

flow.

ACCTJRACT. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; affected by ice and by 

aquatic growth. Rating curve well defined. Gage read to tenths once 

daily. At low stages the mean daily gage height may be considerably in 

error on account of regulation. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

daily gage height to rating table .except as indicated in footnote to table of 

daily discharge. Records fair except for periods of low water or ice effect 

for which they are poor.

Discharge measurements of Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn., during the year 

ending September 80, 19%3

Date

Oct. 9 

28 

28 

Dec. 29 

Feb. 5

Madeb

R. V. Tilly... 

Tilly and Job 

 do.. . 

R. V. Tilly..]

y 

Qson.. _

Oage 

height

Feet 

4.03 

3.12 

3.22 

 3.28 

 4.78

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

366 

145 

177 

108 

334

Date

June 10 

27 

July 20 

'Aug. 17

Sept. 29

Made by 

E. V. Tilly.. 

Chandler and Black .... 

E. F. Chandler ........

R. B. Black 

Oage 

height

Feet 

5.65 

»5.11 

»5.20 

»3.59 

>3.16

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,490 

608 

521 

139 

87

1 Stage-disebarge relat ion affected by ice.

' Stage-discharge relation affected by aquatic growth

76612 26 WSP 565 3
28 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn., for the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 __ . _ .. ...

2 _ . __ . __ .

3 __ .... ......

4 _____ ......

5....... _ . ...

6 __ ... _ . ...

7..............

8..............

9 .

10.. ........... .

11... ..... ......

12. ..........

13.. ....... .....

14..............

15 

16-... ___ .

17 ___ . __ ...

18 ...... ...

19.. ......... ...

20..............

21 

22 

23 .........

24 ...........

25 ... ......

26.... ..........

27 __

28 ..........

29..............

30 

31- _ ......

Oct.

280

455

650

700

700

650

200

200

160

160

160

200

200

240

240

160

320

500

240

410

95

240

280

500

455

200

240

240

125

455

500

Nov.

280

455

500

410

240

500

410

500

600

700

410

500

500

500

600

500

550

455

500

600

500

500

410

200

280

410

500 550-

500

500

Dec.

410

500

225

Jan.

190

Feb.

170

Mar.

160

Apr.

170

180

190

200

200

220

250

320

500

280

160

280

365

365

1,880

1,880

2,210

3,910

5,320

5,820

5,740

5,400

4,800

4,150

3,670

3,350

3,350

3,120

2,980

2,830

May

9 48O

2,410

810

2,140

1,820

2,020

1,820

1,600

1,380

1,380

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,080

1,030

1,080

1,080

1,080

1,200

1,080

1,080

920

755

810

865

1,030

920

920

June

865

755

755

755

650

700

650

650

920

810

755

700

600

700

700

700

600

600

600

600

550

975

600

600

650

600

755

700

650

650

July

650

650

650

700

650

755

975

920

755

810

700

700

700

320

200

125

95

125

365

650

650

650

810

650

550

320

455

600

317

34

34

Aug.

50

22

58

95

70

280

500

280

365

455

280

125

160

500

280

200

365

240

200

240

160

125

280

550

125

160

160

160

125

550

160

Sept.

200

160

500

320

500

600

200

160

200

160

500

320

160

600

600

200

200

160

160

160

160

160

160

200

280

410

315

220

125

125

NOTE. No gage readings Jan. 18 to Apr. 7 and only occasional readings Dec. 3 to Jan. 17. Mean discharge for December to March, inclusive, estimated from precipitation and temperature records and 

comparison with records of flow of other streams. Discharge Apr. 1-7 estimated. Effect of ice on stagedischarge relation continued to Apr. 20; discharge Apr. 8-20 obtained by applying to rating table gage 

heights corrected for ice effect by means of weather records and comparison with records of flow of other 

streams. Gage not read May 8, July 29, Aug. 3, and Sept. 27 and 28; discharge interpolated.

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Red Lake River, at Crookston, Minn., for the 

' year ending September SO, 1928

Month

February __ . ______

Maximum

700

700

5,820

Minimum

95

200

170

Mean

328

469

240

190

170

2,140

Month

July... .............. ....

Maximum

2,480

975

975

550

600

5,820

Minimum

755

550

34

22

125

22

Mean

1,290

693

534

236

274

560

THIEF RIVER NEAR THIEF RIVER FAILS, MINN. ' -

LOCATION. In sec. 3, T. 154 N., R. 43 W., 1,000 feet above steel highway bridge

in Marshall County, 5 miles north of Thief River Falls, Pennington County,

and 5 miles above mouth of Thief River. ' 

DEAINAGB ABBA. 1,010 square miles. 

RECOEDS AVAILABLE. July 1, 1909, to September 30, 1917; April 1, 1920, to

September 30, 1921; October 1, 1922, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Chain gage on cantilever timber fastened to a tree on right bank; read

by Margaret Hillyer. 

DISCHARGE MEASTTBEMENTS. Made from highway bridge 1,000 feet below gage

or by wading near gage. 

CHANNEL AND CONTEOI.. Heavy gravel and boulders; nearly permanent. One

channel at all stages. Stage-discharge relation never affected by backwater

from dam at Thief River Falls. Banks high and not subject to overflow

during ordinary floods.
HUDSON BAY DKAINAGE BASIN 29

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.4 feet

April 21 (discharge; 1,160 second-feet); minimum stage, 3.5 feet September

1-13 (discharge, 0.2 second-foot).

1909-1917; 1920-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 14.5 feet April 23, 1916

(discharge, 4,080 second-feet); practically no flow during several extended

periods in 1910, 1911, 1912, and 1920.

Flood of July, 1919, reached a stage of about 16.3 feet (discharge, about

4,900 second-feet). 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation nearly permanent. Rating curve fairly

well defined below 3,800 second-feet. Gage read to half-tenths once daily.

Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table

except as shown in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records poor.

Discharge measurements of Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn., during the 

years ending September 30, 1922 and 1923

Date

1921 

Nov. 6

1922 

Apr. 18

21

May 13

June 13

Aug. 23

Made by 

K. H. Oakley.---....

. .-.do....... ......... .

. .-.do.. -.. ........ .

.... .do...... .......... ..

.....do.................

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.54

6.97

6.12

9.72

5.18

3.71

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

6.8

732

425

1,790

81

.9

Date

1922 

Oct. 7

1923

July 19

Aug. 16

Made by 

R. V. Tilly.. -----

. do..... -------

E. F. Chandler.... -

E. F. Chandler.. .

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.27

4.35

6.49

4.24

4.33

3.68

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

7.0

13

544

10.3

11.2

.6

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn., for 

the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 .............

2... .....

3 .... .... .-

4... ... .

5 .

6.. .

7 . .

8 .

9 .

10. .

11 

12 

IS.............

14. .....

15 .

16 

17... .... ------

18 

19.... .........

20 

21 .

22.... .........

23 

24 : 

25 i 

26- 

27 

28 

29 

30...--- .

31 .

Oct.

11

11

11

11

11

11

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

6

Nov.

6

8

8

11

11

15

15

14

12

10

9

8

7

6

6

5

4

2

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Dec.

1.0

Jan.

0.8

Feb.

[ 0.6

Mar.

1 0.7

Apr.

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.5

1.5

2.6

2.6

4.0

6.7

11

15

120

844

1,160

1,090

1,020

947

912

878

878

878

810

810

May

810

743

611

546

482

418

356

356

294

233

233

173

173

145

145

145

120

120

120

99

99

81

81

51

51

39

29

29

25

£5

23

June

29

29

21

21

21

21

21

21

21

15

16

15

15

15

15

15

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

July

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

Aug.

5.7

5.7

5.7

4.0

4.0

4.0

2.6

2.6

2.6

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

Sept.

0.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.4

.4

.8

.8

.8

1.6

1.5

1.5

2,6

2.6

2,6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice from Nov. 17 to Apr. 19; no gage readings Dec. 2 to Apr. 

10. Mean monthly discharge Dec. to Mar. and daily discharge Nov. 17-30 and Apr. 1-10, estimated from 

temperature and precipitation records and comparison with records of flow of near-by streams. Gage not 

read Nov. 8^11 and 13-16; discharge interpolated.
30 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Thief River near Thief River Fatts, Minn., 

for the year ending September 80, 1928

Month

October ______ _ _ ...

November.. _ ..........

April... ...............

Maximum

11

15

1,160

Minimum

6

1.5

1.0

Mean

8.39

5.83 1.0

«.8

".6

«.7

347

Month

July... .. 

Maximum

810

29

11

5.7

9 R

1,160

Minimum

23

11

8

.4

.2

Mean

221

15.5

9,84

1.68

1.05

51.1

' Estimated.

PEMBINA BIVER AT NECHE, N. DAK.

LOCATION. At Great Northern Railway bridge two-thirds mile north of Neche,

Pembina County.

DRAINAGE AKEA. 2,960 square miles (revised). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 29, 1903, to September 30, 1915, and April 1, 1919,

to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Vertical staff bolted to concrete abutment at north end of railway bridge;

read by P. J. Horgan. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge 20 rods below railway

bridge or by wading below Great Northern dam. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of clay and silt. Control is loose-rock

dam about 3 feet high, a third of a mile below gage, constructed to give

sufficient depth of water for the intake of Great Northern Railway water

tank; shifts slightly. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 17.8 feet

April 20 (discharge, 3,120 second-feet); minimum stage, 4.1 feet October

2-7 (discharge, 46 second-feet).

1903-1915; 1919-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 20.9 feet May 2, 1904

(discharge, 3,870 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 1.3 feet September

15, 16, 18, 19, and 21-24, 1911 (discharge, 1.0 second-feet). 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice. 

REGULATION. None. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; affected by ice and by

shift of control on April 15. Both rating curves fairly well defined. Gage

read to tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily

gage height to rating table except as shown in footnote to table of daily

discharge. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Pembina River at Neche, N. Dak., during the year 

ending September 30, 1928

[Made by E. F. Chandler]

Date

July 12 . ... _ .--.._.- .- ._--.-. __ ....

July 13 ______ , _ . ____ ___________________ . ____________

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.22

4.21

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

94

90
HUDSON BAY DRAIN AGE BASIN 31

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pembina River at Neche, N. Dak., for the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Day

i........ __ ....... __ ---. ......

2.. ....... ............ ...............

3....................... ._...........

4..-.-.-........ ___ _._.._.,.___._._

5. . .

6-.. _ __ 

7....................................

8.................................... 8. . ..... ........ ....

10....................................

11.. ................ ....'.... ...... 12..:.-......

13........... ...

14-.. ................. ..... ......

15..-... ...........................

16.............. ...................

17.. ... ......................

18... ................................ .

18... .................... -.. . ..

20....................................

21..--. . .......... __ ..............

22.... ....... ... . . ............

23... _ __ __ .

24.... ............................ ....

25......-- .......................

26 

27 ...............................

28... ........... .......... ............

29....................................

30 

31 ............................

Oct.

61

46

46

46

46

46

46

61

61

61

61

61

61

61

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

Nov.

79

79

79

7Q

7Q

7Q

7Q

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

65

Apr.

17

17

17

17

17

17

1?

17

17

17

17

17

17

265

687

735

894

1,910

2,760

3,120

2,920

2,810

2,790

2,870

2,610

2,460

2,150

2,020

1,620

1,510

May

1,470

- 1, 440

1,420

1,400

1,400

1,380

1,360

1,360

1,310

1,270

1,160

1,110

1,110

1,090

1,070

1,070

1,050

1,050

1,030

1,000

1,000

982

938

938

938

916

894

850

827

781

June

711

687

663

639

565

465

390

340

315

315

291

291

267

267

267

267

244

221

199

199

178

178

158

158

139

139

139

121

121

July

121

104

104

104

104

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

73

73

73

73

73

73

73

73

73

73

Aug.

73

73

73

73

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

104

104

104

104

104

104

Sept.

104

104

104

104

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

88

104

104

104

104

104

104

104

104

104

104

121

121

121

121

121

121

121

121

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 20 to Apr. 19; discharge estimated Nov. 20-30 

and Apr. 1-19. Braced figure gives mean discharge for period indicated.

Monthly discharge of Pembina River at Neche, N. Dak., for the year ending

September SO, 1923

Month

October. __ ............................................

November.. ..... _ ___j__ _ _ --... __ _ .. . . .

April ____ .. _ . _ ....... ___ .. _____ ..........

June... _______________ ......................

July.. . .. ...... ... .

September. ____________________ _ ....

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

79 

.79 

3,120 

1,470 

711 

121 

104 

121

Minimum

46 

65 

17 

781 

121 

73 

73 

88

Mean

68.0 

73.9 

1,150 

1,130 

315 

86.3 

89.2 

104

Run-off in 

acre-feet

4,180 

4,400 

68,400 

69,500 

18,700 

5,310 

5,480 

6,190

BOSEAU RIVER AT CARIBOU. MINN.

LOCATION. In sec. 34, T. 164 N., R. 45 W. at highway bridge at Caribou, 

Kittson County, 1 mile south of international boundary, and 3 miles upstream from crossing of boundary line by river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,650 square miles (revised).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 1 to October 6, 1917; April 12, 1920, to September 

30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to downstream handrail of bridge, 60 feet from left 

abutment; read by James A. McKibbin.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel is artificial, of trapezoidal cross-section, 100 

feet, wide and 10 feet deep. Bed composed of hardpan with a few scattered 

large boulders.
32 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

EXTREMES or DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 12.5 feet 

May 1 and 2 (discharge, 2,980 second-feet); minimum stage, 3.25 feet 

September 2-6 (discharge, 22 second-feet).

1917; 1920-1923: Maximum stage recorded, that of May 2, 1923; minimum discharge, 4 second-feet, September 10-12, 29, and 30, 1917.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. No diversions involving storage or loss of water. A small chs.nnel 

3J^ miles long was dredged some years ago from a point 4 miles above station 

to a point 1 mile below station. At all stages above a height of about 6 feet 

water flows in this channel and is measured and included as a part of the 

flow past the station.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation nearly permanent. Rating curve well 

defined. Gage read to half-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying mean daily gage height to rating table except as shown in 

footnote to table of daily discharge. Open-water records good; winter 

records poor.

Discharge measurements of Roseau River at Caribou, Minn., during the year ending

September 80, 1923

Date

Oct. 8

May 4

June 26

Made by 

R. V. Tilly

A. Johnson . .

E. F. Chandler _ ................... 

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.75

12.33

4.33

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

68

2.88Q

133

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Roseau River at Caribou, Minn., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1.. .. ..-

2 _________

3 .. __ ....

4..............

5....... ___ _.

6.. , ..

7..............

8. ... ....

9 . _ L.

10 .. 

11.... ___ ....

12......... _ ..

13..............

14..............

IS...... .....

16 . 

17 . 

IS 

19..............

20. 

21..............

22..............

23 . 

24. .........

25 ...... 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30. _ ... __ 

01

Oct.

98

92

86

81

76

70

66

65

65

65

65

60

60

60

55

55

55

55

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

65

65

65

65

65

65

Nov.

70

81

92

103

114

126

150

176

190

219

234

234

234

234

234

234

229

224

219

213

208

202

197

191

177

164

150

135

130

125

Dec.

120

115

110

105

100

95

90

oe

80

80

75

75

70

70

68

65

60

60

55

50

50

45

45

40

40

35

32

30

30in

Jan.

 \

, 50

1

Feb.

30

Mar.

36

Apr.

40

49

58

79

113

323

505

599

878

1,600

1,810

2,040

2,240

2,350

2,560

2,680

2,860

May

2,980

2,980

2,920

2,860

2,860

2,680

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,400

2,350

2,290

2,240

2,190

2,140

2,040

1,950

1,900

1,850

1,770

1,700

1,640

1,510

1,350

1,080

817

625

527

400

323

252

June

220

191

170

150

131

131

131

125

113

101

90

84

79

79

79

73

63

58

53

58

73

 73

73

90

119

131

131

137

143

125

July

101

81

68

66

53

58

66

90

113

137

150

163

163

156

131

119

107

95

95

101

107

125

137

143

137

113

90

73

58

53

49

Aug.

49

44

44

44

44

49

44

44

44

40

36

36

44

44

44

44

40

40

36

32

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

25

25

Sept.

25

22

22

22

22

22

25

28

32

32

32

28

28

28

28

28

28

32

32

32

36

36

36

36

36

36

36

36

40

40

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation aflected by ice Nov. 24 to Apr. 22; discharge estimated from a few gage 

heights, weather records, and a comparison with records of flow of near-by streams,
HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE BASIN 33

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Roseau River at Caribou, Minn., for the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Month

October _________

November. _______

December. ________

January. _________

February. ...............

April.....................

Maximum

98

234

120

2,860

Minimum

65

70

30

Mean

65.8

176

66.5

50

30

710

Month

July.. ... .- 

Maximum

2,980

220

163

49

40

2,980

Minimum

252

53

49

26

22

Mean

1,870

109

103

36.9

30.5

276

HOUSE RIVER AT MINOT, N. DAK.

LOCATION. At Anne Street footbridge, northeast of Great Northern Railway 

roundhouse, at Minot, Ward County.

DBAINAGE ABBA. 10,270 square miles (revised). 

 RECOKDS AVAILABLE. May 5, 1903, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Vertical staff gage in several sections attached to piers of Anne Street 

bridge; read by Ephraim Cox.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from Anne Street Bridge, North Street 

Bridge, South Sixth Street Bridge, or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel in clay and silt, nearly permanent, but 

changed somewhat in recent years by the construction encroaching into the 

channel through the city. The usual control has been a dam of timber 

and loose rock 1 mile below gage, at the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. 

Marie Railway water tank intake, which raises the water at gage at low 

stage about 3 feet when the -wjater is exactly at crest of dam. When the 

discharge is less than 5 second-feet, leakage allows the water-level to fall 

below crest. During winter of 1922-1923, the Minot Park Board completed a concrete dam with a Taintor gate 20 feet wide 4% miles below gage, 

the crest of which is at same elevation as 9.07 foot point of Anne Street 

gage. During flood stages, this affects height at gage, but at ordinary and 

low stages it does not affect height at gage unless Taintor gate in dam is 

closed.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 19.6 feet 

April 30 to May 3 (discharge, 3,460 second-feet); minimum discharge 

recorded, February 0.4 second-foot, February 3, 10, 17, and 25.

1903-1923: Maximum stage, 21.9 feet April 20, 1904 (discharge, 12,000 

second-feet); minimum stage, 1.8 feet February 28, 1913 (discharge, 0.1 

second-foot).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation only slightly affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation fairly permanent during year, except for 

slight ice effect and for backwater from city park dam. Rating curve 

fairly well defined between 3 and 3,500 second-feet. Gage read to tenths 

once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to 

rating table except as indicated in footnote to daily-discharge table. Records 

fair.
34 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Discharge measurements of Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak., during the year ending

September SO, 198S

Date

Apr. 26

Made by 

R. B. Black.. 

-...do.. ... ... ..

Gage 

height

Feet 

18.83

1Q flA

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

3,050

3,420

Date

Aug. 28

Made by 

R. B. Black 

Gage 

height

Feet 

5.78

4.95

Discharge

Sect-fa 

181

86

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak., for the year 

ending September SO, 19%S

Day

2.. ............

3 

4.... ... ... 

5 ....... _ 

6 

7 

8 

9 ........ 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15- 

16 

17 

18 .. 

19 

20 

21 

22-- - ___

23 

24 _ ..

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

Oct.

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.1

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1 

1.9

1.9

1.9

1 Q

Nov.

1 Q

1.1 1.1 1.1

1.9

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1 

1.1

1.1

1.1

Dec.

1.1

.9

.9

... 

.9

Jan.

0.9

9 n

.6

----- --

Feb.

0 4

.4

.4

.6

1.1 

9 4

Mar.

44

96

108

114

120

140

133

120

68

68

68

53

58

53

53

53

48

48

38

34

38

43

43

53

84

Oft

154

170

Iftfi

Apr.

170

162

155

141

128

122

128

170

203

281

518

585

896

1,260

1,410

1,900

2,100

2,210

2,300

2,390

2,550

2,720

2,860

3,140

3,240 

3,340

3,400

3,460

May

3 460

3*460

3,460

3,340

3

OJA

3,010

2,790

2,550

2,240

1,830

1,550

1,390

1,200

1,140

844

669

606

495

424

375

375

360

314

338

314

303

338 

303

314

281

281

June

97n

.281

240

221

212

203

212

212

203

194

203

221

250

260

270

292

303

240

155

97

375

240

862

128

115

134

134 

121

130

130

July

130

130

130

300

500

600

600

500

450

400

300

221

240

585

541

563

448

450

500

400

500

600

600

600

600

790

844 

808

648

606

648

Aug.

424

424

375

375

350

326

326

326

303

303

326

303

326

303

326

281

281

240

240

221

203

203

186

170

170

128

115 

115

91

91

Sept.

»ft

80

69

69

fid

69

69

59

103

260

260

260

260

91

69

49

30

30

21

21

13

13

13

13

13

21

21 

30

30

39

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by backwater because Taintor gate was closed June 29 to July 

11, July 18-25, and Sept. 11 and 12; discharge estimated. No record for days for which no discharge is given.

Monthly discharge of Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak., for the year ending September, SO, 1923

Month

November... ____________________

April... .. . ...........................

May.. ___ _____________________

July........ .. . . 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1.9 

4.6

212 

3,460 

3,460 

862 

844 

424 

260

3,460

Minimum

0.9

1.1

34 

122 

281 

97 130- 

91 

13

Mean

1.66 

1.73 

"1.0 

"1.0 ".7 

85.9 

1,410 

1,340 

230 

491 

256 

74.1

326

Run-off in

aere-feet

102 

103 

61.5 

61.5 

38.9 

5,280 

83,900 

82,400 

13,700 

30,200 

15,700 

4,410

236,000

1 Estimated.
SUEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PART V 35

UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN

MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ELK RIVER, MINN.

LOCATION. In sec. 3, T. 121 N., R. 23 W., at highway bridge in Elk River, 

Sherburne County, 2,500 feet below mouth of Elk River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 14,500 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 22, 1915, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage bolted to handrail of bridge, downstream side near right 

bank; read by Reynard Ebner.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and gravel; control not well 

defined. Banks high and not subject to overflow.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.80 feet at 

7.15 a. m. April 23 (discharge, 10,200 second-feet); minimum discharge 

estimated because of ice, 1,420 second-feet April 4.

1915-1923: Maximum open-water stage recorded, 10.8 feet April 7, 1916 

(discharge, 27,000 second-feet); minimum discharge estimated because of 

ice, 1,360 second-feet January 26, 1922.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice; discharge estimated from 

discharge at Coon Rapids power plant, computed by the Northern States 

Power Co., allowance being made for discharge of Crow and Rum Rivers, 

entering between Coon Rapids and station.

REGULATION. Nearest dam above station on Mississippi River is at St. Cloud, 

40 miles upstream. An observed systematic diurnal fluctuation at gage of 

about 0.1 foot is doubtless due to regulation at St. Cloud, but most of the 

.effect of regulation is equalized before reaching station. The flow of the 

river is controlled by Government dams on the upper river for the purpose 

of increasing the low-water open-season flow in the interests of navigation.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined above 2,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths 

twice daily. Gage-height record prior to June 1 somewhat in doubt on 

account of elongation of chain. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

mean daily gage height to rating table except as shown in footnote to table 

of daily discharge. Records prior to June 1 fair; subsequent to that date 

good.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by United States Engineer Corps.

The following discharge measurement was made by S. B. Soul6: 

June 8, 1923: Gage-height, 3.16 feet; discharge, 2,810 second-feet. 

76612- 26 WSP 565 4
36 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAKT V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mississippi River at Elk River, Minn., for the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1...... ........

2 

3...-. ......

4... ........

5.. ...... ...

6 

7 .... .......

8.. ...... ......

9. _ ..........

10.... . ........ .

11 . ..........

12..............

13..............

14... _ . _ ....

15 .........

16 ..........

17 .....

18 .........

19..............

20 

21. ....... ..

22... ___ .. _ .

23 

24..............

25 

26 

27 ..........

28 ..

29....... .......

30.... ......

31..............

Oct.

3,610

4,080

3,840

3,610

3,610

3,840

4,080

3,610

3,610

3,400

3,400

3,840

3,840

3,840

3,840

4,340

3,610

3,840

3,840

3,840

3,840

4,080

3,840

3,400

4,080,

4,080

3,840

3,610

3,400

3,610

3,400

Nov.

4,080

3,840

3,840

3,840

4,910

4,340

4,080

4,620

4,080

4,620

4,340

4,340

4,340

4,080

4,080

4,080

4,620

5,200

4,080

4,910

4,910

4,620

4,340

4,080

3,840

4,080

3,610

3,610

3,840

Dec.

3,840

3,210

3,400

3,210

3.210

3,210

3,210

1,640

1,750

1,910

2,070

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,210

2,210

2,290

2,030

1,960

2,020

o new!

2,100

2,210

1,780

1,960

1,990

2,170

Jan.

2,110

1,940

1,900

1 930

1,990

2,010

1,960

2,090

1,950

2,020

2,120

2,090

2,010

2,090

2,030

1,900

1,990

1,940

2,090

2,090

2,090

2,010

1,890

2,090

2,000

2,090

2.170

2,090

1,970

2,010

Feb.

2,070

2,070

2,060

2,010

2,010

2,010

1,890

1,850

1,890

1,750

1,870

1,860

1 830

1,770

1,720

1,960

1,920

1,860

1,820

1,780

1,670

1,840

1,770

1,780

1,820

O f\R(\

1,730

Mar.

1,900

2,060

2,800

2,820

2,510

3,910

2,130

2,430

2,030

3,630

3,040

4,180

2,580

2,530

2,950

2,580

2,550

2,120

2,130

2,450

2,420

2,520

2,480

2,270

2,310

2,330

2,140

2,130

2,030

2,090

Apr.

2,040

2,060

2,350

1,420

2,120

3,610

4,080

4,620

4,340

4,620

4,620

5,800

4,910

4,910

4,620

4,620

4,910

5,500

5,500

5,800

7,310

7,930

9,520

7,930

8,560

7,930

7,310

7,620

8,560

8,880

May

8,880

8,240

9,200

9,200

9,200

8,880

8,560

8,240

8,240

7,620

7,310

6,700

5,800

6,400

5,800

5,500

5,500

4,910

4,620

5,200

5,200

4,620

5,-200

6,400

5,800

5,200

5,200

4,340

4,080

4,080

4,080

June

3,840

3,610

3,840

3,400

3,400

3,610

3,610

2,860

3,400

3,030

2,860

2,700

3,030

3,030

3,030

3,030

2,860

3,030

3,030

3,400

4,080

4,080

4,080

3,840

4,340

5,200

5,500

7,000

7,310

7,000

July

7,000

6,400

5,800

5,800

5,800

4,620

5,500

5,500

5,200

5,200

4,620

4,910

4,620

4,340

4,340

4,080

4,080

3,840

4,340

4,080

3,610

3,610

3,210

3,210

3,030

3,210

3,610

3,610

3,210

3,210

3,210

Aug.

3,210

3,400

3,210

3,210

3,400

3,210

2,860

3,210

3,610

3,400

3,210

2,860

2,550

2,550

2,090

2,700

2,860

2,190

2,860

2,700

2,420

2,700

2,860

3,030

3,030

2, 860 ,

2,860

2,860

3,030

3,210

3,210

Sept.

3,210

3,210

3,400

3,030

3,400

3,400

3,400

3,400

3,210

3,210

3,610

3,610

3,610

3,610

3,400

2,860

3,030

2,860

3,030

3,400

3,610

3,400

3,400

2,860

3,400

3,400

3,610

3,400

3,610

3,400

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 8 to Apr. 5; discharge based on computed flow at 

Goon Rapids power plant of Northern States Power Co.

Monthly discharge of Mississippi River at Elk River, Minn., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 14,500 square miles]

Month

April 

July... 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

4,340 

5,200 

3,840 

2,170 

2,070 

4,180 

9,520 

9,200 

7,310 

7,000 

3,610 

3,610

9,520

Minimum

3,400 

3,610 

1,640 

1,890 

1,550 

1,900 

1,420 

4,080 

2,700 

3,030 

2,090 

2,860

1,420

Mean

3,760 

4,270 

2,340 

2,020 

1,860 

2,550 

5,470 

6,400 

3,900 

4,410 

2,950 

3,330

3.610

Per 

square 

mile

0.259 

.294 

.161 

.139 

.128 

.176 

.377 

.441 

.269 

.304 

.203 

.230

.249

Run-off 

in inches

0.30 

.33 

.19 

.16 

.13 

.20 

.42 

.51 

.30 

.35 

.23 

.26

3.38
UPPEB MISSISSIPPI EIVEE BASIN 37

MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT ST. PAUL, MIWN.

LOCATION. At Chicago Great Western Railway bridge near foot of Robert

Street, St. Paul, Ramsey County, 6 miles bel

River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 35,700 square miles. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 22, 1887, to September

>w mouth of Minnesota

30, 1923. Observations

of stage were begun in 1873 by United States Signal Service and continued 

by United States Weather Bureau. Many discharge measurements .made 

prior to 1900 by United States Engineer Corps. 

GAGE. Chain gage installed May 9, 1913, on handrail, downstream side, of

Chicago Great Western Railway bridge near foot 

United States Weather Bureau. From 1911 to 

staff gage attached to a piling on left bank of riv

of Robert Street; read by 

May 9, 1913, a vertical 

sr 800 feet upstream from

present gage. Prior to 1911 a vertical staff gaj;e on Diamond Joe Line 

wharf, at foot of Jackson Street, 400 feet below chain gage, was used. The 

datum of all three gages is the same, allowance being made for the slight 

slope in the river between them.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Up to 1915 made from (

apolis & Omaha Railway bridge, 2 miles above ste.tion; in November, 1915, 

and April, 1916, measurements were made from the Chicago Great Western

Railway bridge to which gage is attached. Since 

been made from Wabasha Street highway bridge, 1 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. 'Channel fairly permanent. 

Banks moderately high; have not been overflowed

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 4.3 feet 

May 7 and 8 (discharge, 13,200 second-feet); minimum discharge estimated, 

2,500 second-feet for month of February.

1892-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 18.0 feet

80,800 second-feet); highest known discharge occurred July 22, 1867, and

amounted to 117,000 second-feet. Minimum dis

February 4, 1895.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice 

REGULATION. During extreme low water regulation of

at nearest dam in Minneapolis may cause diurnal

Paul. Flow is regulated by Government reservoirs on the headwaters at 

Lake Winnebigoshish, Leach Lake, Pokegama Lako, Sandy Lake, Pine River, 

and Gull Lake to increase the low-water open-season flow in the interests of

navigation, but the effect of this regulation is verj 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation fairly permanent

Rating curve well defined throughout. Gage read to tenths once daily.

Daily discharge ascertained by shifting-control m

Open-water records fair; winter records poor. 

COOPERATION. ;Gage-height record furnished by United States Weather Bureau.

Discharge measurements of Mississippi River at St. Pa 

ending September SO, 1928

Date Made by 

Oct. 30

31

Nov 1 

2 

3 

3 

4 

6

United States Engineer

.....do........... ......

.....do.................

.....do.--...... .....

.....do.... ..........

 ..do.-...... .....

 do.............. ...

.....do... ..............

Gage 

height

Feet 

-0.13

-.12 

.13 

.16 

.16 

.15 

.05 

.52 

.50

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

3,550 

3,670 

3,980 

4,000 

4,000 

3,970 

3,890 

4,490 

4,510

Date

Nov. 7

7 

8 

8 

9 

9 

June 9 

10

I

United 

Corp

.....do

.....do.

.....do.

.....do.

S. B. S 

.....do.

u, Minn., during the year

lade byStates Engineer

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.55 

.59 

.47 

.57 

.52 

.58 

.36 

.39

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

4,640 

4,680 

4,460 

4,650 

4,520 

4,650 

4,570 

4,650

NOTE. Measurements Oct. 30 to Nov.

were originally referred to the United States Engineer Corps gage. 

datum of the United States Weather Bureau gage by adding 0.51 foot 

foot for difference in slope.

Chicago, St. Paul, Minne1916 measurements have 

,000 feet above station. 

Control not well defined, 

in recent years.

April 6, 1897 (discharge,

harge, 1,060 second-feet,

the flow through turbines 

fluctuation of stage at St.

gradual at St. Paul, 

except as affected by ice.

ethod during entire year.

9 were made from a boat at a section 1.2 miles downstream and

gage heights were reduced to 

for difference in datum and 0.09

The
38 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mississippi River at St. Paul, Minn., for the 

year ending September 30, 19%S

Day

1 ___ . .....

1............

3............

4............

5.....;......

6............

7.... ..

8............

9............

10....... . .

11- -

12 . .. .

13............

H .

J5_ _ . .

16............

17.......

18......... ..

19....

20..... .

21......... .

22 

23 

24.......

25... .........

26 .......

27......... .

28.....

29............

30. 

31 

Oct.

3,960

3,840

4,090

3,840

3,840

3,720

3,840

3,960

3,840

3,960

3,600

3,480

3,600

3,840

3,840

3,600

4,090

3,600

3,600

3,720

3,840

3,720

3,840

3,720

3,600

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,480

Nov.

4,090

4,090

4,090

3,840

4,630

4,630

4,630

4,630

4,630

5,070

4,630

4,630

4,630

4,490

4,350

4,350

4,350

5,230

5,390

5,230

5,070

5,230

4,920

4,630

3,840

3,840

4,090

4,220

Dee.

4,090

4,090

3,360

3,360

3,840

2,820

2,630

2,630

3,360

3,360

3,020

3,240

3,360

O OJft

2,820

3,020

9 Q.9H

Jan.

2,720

o Oyjn

3,130

O 10 ft

9 Q9ft

2,550

Feb. Mar.

3,020

3,240

3

1 Oft

O OAA

2,820

3,020

2,720

3,020

3,360

3,240

3,240

3,020

3,840

3,480

3,360

 ? 79fl

3,840

3,720

4,350

3,840

a Qflft

3,360

3,720

q joft

o qoft

3,240

3,600

3,240

3,130

Apr.

3,720

3 480

3,720 * ofin

 * Ofifi

4,350

4,490

4,350

4,220

4,630

5,910

7,030

8,720

8,950

9 ton

8,280

7,850

8,950

7,850

8,950

10,200

10,700

in Qftft

n

onft

10,900

10,200

May

11,500

11,500

12,900

19 Qflfl

13,200

13,200

10,900

10,700

10,200

9,420

8,280

8,060

8,060

7,230

7,430

7,030

6,830

6,640

7 430

6.450

6,450

Q OAfl

7,230

6,830

6,830

6,270

5,560

5,230

June

5,390

5,230

5,070

5,070

4,920

4,770

4,770

4,920

4,490

4,350

4,090

4,490

4,220

3,960

3,960

4,090

4,350

4,090

4,490

4,090

4,350

5,230

4,920

5,390

6,830

7,430

7,850

8,280

8,720

9,180

July

9,180

8,950

8,500

8,060

7,230

7,640

6,090

6,640

6,830

6,450

6,090

5,910

6,090

5,910

5,730

5,070

5,230

4,920

4,630

5,070

4,920

4,630

4,220

4,220

4,090

3,720

4,220

4,220

4,630

4,090

4,090

Aug.

4,220

3,840

4,220

4,090

4,220

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,840

4,090

3,960

3,240

3,480

3,360

3,020

3,130

3,480

3,360

3,480

4,090

3,600

3,600

3,480

3,130

3,720

3,360

3,720

3,360

3,600,

3,360

Sept.

3,600

3,720

3,840

3,840

3,720

3,' 720

3,960

3,720

3,840

3,600

3,360

3,840

3,960

4,090

3,960

3,840

3,600

3,840

3,600

3,720

3,960

4,090

3,720

3,960

3,600

3,600

3,720

4,090

4,770

4,770

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 12-25 and Jan. 6 to Feb. 28; mean discharge estimated from comparison with discharge of Mississippi River at Elk River.

Monthly discharge of Mississippi River at St. Paul, Minn., for the year ending

September 80, 1928

[Drainage area, 35,700 square miles]

Month

December..--1 - __ _ -. _ .

January. __ . __ .. __ _____ ... __ ..

April........ .

June ___ ------ __ -.-. _ . .

July .. ... .......... ......

September ____ _ _ -

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum

4,090 

5,390 

4,090

4,350 

12,000 

13, 200 

9,180 

9,180 

4,220 

4,770

13,200

Minimum

3,480 

3,840

2,720 

3,480 

5,230 

3,960 

3,720 

3,020 

3,360

Mean

3,760 

4,560 

2,950 

2,630 

2,500 

3,370 

7,570 

9,030 

5,300 

5,720 

3,640 

3,860

4,580

Per

square 

mile

0.105 

.128 

.083 

.074 

.070 

.094 

.212 

.253 

.148 

.160 

.102 

.108

.128

Run-off 

in inches

0.12 

.14 

.10 

.09 

.07 

.11 

.24 

.29 

.17 

.18 

.12 

.12

1.75

MINNESOTA RIVER NEAR MONTEVIDEO, MIKN.

LOCATION. In sec. 17, T. 117 N., R. 40 W. at highway bridge 1 mile south of

Montevideo, Chippewa County, 500 feet below mouth of Chippewa River. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 6,300 square miles. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 22, 1909, to September 30, 1923.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIF

GAGE. Chain gage attached to upstream handrail

read by Esther Hendricks. Datum of gage lowered 

1909, and 1 foot more July 29, 1910, to avoid ne 

heights referred to latest datum.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream si

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Heavy gravel and sand; fa 

a slight riffle just below gage, but control section i 

are of medium height and are overflowed at a staj;e

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded 

5 p. m. April 17 and 5.30 p. m. April 27 (dischar 

mum stage recorded, 1.58 feet at 6 p. m. August 21 

1909-1923: Maximum stage recorded, about 

(discharge, about 22,000 second-feet); minimum 

measured by current meter February 9, 1912.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice 

during winter.

REGULATION. No regulation on Minnesota River a 

of Chippewa River at plant of Chippewa Milling 

duces a slight fluctuation in stage of Minnesota R

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent du 

fairly well defined. Gage read to hundredths twi 

ascertained by applying mean daily gage height 

fair.

2 feet September 16, 

 ative readings. All gage

e of bridge.

rly permanent. There is 

not well defined. Banks

of 14 feet. "

during year, 6.05 feet at 

e, 982 second-feet); minidischarge, 38 second-feet). 

18.85 feet June 25, 1919 

discharge, 6.8 second-feet

discharge not determined

iove station. Regulation 

Co., in Montevideo proiver at gage.

ing year. Rating curve 

je daily. Daily discharge 

to rating table. Records

The following discharge measurement was made by 

June 7, 1923: Gage height, 3.56 feet; discharge, 320

IS. B. Soule: 

second-feet.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Minnesota River at 

year ending September 30, 1923

Montevideo, Minn., for the

Day

1...... .......... ....... .

2... 

3 .

4. ................... .......

5 .

6...-. .-.. .......

7-... .. 

8.... ....................

9

10---- - -

12--. 

13... ...... .

14 

15.. . ___ . ....

16--- - 

17...-. 

18 r 

19 

20-.. -

21 ....

22--. 

23 . 

24-... 

25... 

26-. . 

27 

28..... 

29 

30. . 

31 

Oct.

54

50

48

48

46

48

49

57

57

47

48

49

44

39

41

43

43

46

49

49

48

49

53

55

52

56

54

54

57

59

63

Nov.

68

71

79

87

97

105

112

116

112

109

99

99

112

123

130

146

146

171

189

189

162

154

171

198

162

189

171

154

171

225

Dec.

234

207

Apr.

362

316

316

338

410

462

619

675

788

846

967

967

906

906

936

936

906

936

967

967

967

906

906

906

May

846

906

906

906

906

846

846

876

788

731

675

675

592

566

566

566

514

436

43fl

514

462

dR1)

462

462

462

410

38C

338

33£

33£

316

June

316

294

294

294

294

316

316

316

274

274

254

254

244

234

225

207

19S

189

216

180

189

225

234

225

216

216

216

234

234

225

July

225

234

216

207

207

207

216

189

171

180

171

162

154

146

146

130

116

108

103

100

98

88

84

87

81

80

75

88

$5

78

75

Aug.

71

74

71

69

68

62

67

64

60

62

58

62

57

50

52

47

46

45

49

50

39

54

49

50

46

42

46

63

59

57

54

Sept.

54

54

61

56

54

50

60

60

58

55

52

52

54

52

47

46

48

43

67

65

69

67

59

55

51

49

63

64

68

66

39

f bridge near left bank;

NQTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice from Dec. 3 to Apr. discharge not determined
40 STJEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Monthly discharge of Minnesota River near Montevideo, Minn., for the year ending

September 80, 1923

[Drainage area, 6,300 square miles]

Month

April 7-30...... _.__._ __ ..

July..... . . . 

Discharge in Second-feet

Maximum

63 

225 

967 

906 

316 

234 

74 

68

Minimum

39 

68 

316 

316 

180 

75 

39 

43

Mean

50.2 

137 

759 

598 

247 

139 

56.2 

56.6

Per 

square 

mile

0.0080 

.0217 

.120 

.0949 

.0392 

.0221 

.0089 

.0090

Run-off 

in inches

0.01 

.02 

.11 

.11 

.04 

.03 

.01 

.01

MINNESOTA RIVER AT MANKATO, MINN.

LOCATION. In sec. 7, T. 108 N., R. 26 W., at Main Street highway bridge in 

Mankato, Blue Earth County, 2 miles below mouth of Blue Earth River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 14,600 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 15, 1922, to September 30, 1923, at present site; 

May 20, 1903, to October 19, 1921, at Sibley Park 2 miles upstream. Drainage area practically the same at the two sites.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream side of bridge over center of left 

channel; read by J. J. Pihale.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and light gravel; probably shifts 

during high stages. Banks moderately high and not subject to overflow. 

Control not well defined.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.49 feet 

May 4; minimum stage recorded, 3.24 feet October 6, September 15 and 16. 

1903-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 21.2 feet at old site at Sibley Park, 

June 26, 1908 (discharge, 43,800 second-feet); minimum discharge, 89 secondfeet, August 31, to September 2, 1911.

The highest known stage of this river occurred in 1881 and is shown in 

Mankato by a well-marked line about 27 feet above zero of Sibley Park 

gage (discharge, estimated 65,000 second-feet).

ICE. No records available during winter.

REGULATION. The nearest dam on Minnesota River is at Minnesota Falls, 140 

miles upstream. A dam on Blue Earth River at Rapidan, a few miles above 

mouth, controls the flow of that river, which is about 20 per cent of that at 

the Mankato station, and produces considerable daily fluctuation at gage 

amounting at times to over 1 foot.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by the United States Weather 

Bureau.

Daily discharge withheld until further measurements are obtained.
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI BIVEE 41

Discharge measurements of Minnesota River at Mankato, Minn., during the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Date

Oct. 9 

June 6

Made by 

E. B. Fost 

S. B. SouK

Daily gage height, in feet, of Minnesota River at Ma 

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1 __ ..

2 ___ ..

3 __ ..

4.......

5.......

6 

7 .......

8.......

9 .......

10 _ ....

11

12.......

13 .......

14.......

15.......

16 

17 .......

18 _ ....

19 __._

20- 

21.......

22 .......

23

24 .......

25 _ ....

28- 

27 __ ..

28 _

29.......

30 

31 

Oct.

3.30 

3.30 

3.30 

3.28 

3.26

3.24 

3.42 

3.34 

3.32 

3.32

3.30 

3.28 

3.28 

3.26 

3.26

3.26 

3.28 

3.28 

3.32 

3.32

3.32 

3.30 

3.30 

3.30 

3.28

3.38 

3.28 

3.26 

3.26 

3.30 

3.30

Nov.

3.54 

3.66 

3.62 

3.70

3.74

3.70 

3.68 

3.70 

3.70

3.78

3.78 

3.80 

3.76 4.02' 

3.86

3.80 

3.80 

4.16 

4.20 

3.96

3.90 

3.98 

3.92

3.88 

3.86

3.82 

3.80 

3.88 

3.92 

3.94

Dec.

3.90 

3.84 

3.82 

3.80 

3.60

3.60 

3.64

........

Mar.

4.76 

4.76 

4.58 

4.60 

4.60

4.86 

5.44 

5.36 

5.40 

5.26 

5.12

Apr.

4.92 

4.76 

4.76 

4.64 

4.66

4.72 

4.65 

4.61 

4.63 

4.95

5.03 

491 

4.99 

5.15 

5.01

5.09 

5.15 

5.15 

5.19 

5.25

5.37 

5.40 

5.43 

5.41 

5.39

5.41 

5.45 

5.41 

5.39 

5.35

May

5.33 

5.31 

5.3J 

5.4J 

5.4S

5.3{ 

5.3J 

5.3i 

5. 25 

5.1!

5. li 

5. IS 

5.0! 

4.9: 

4.8!

485 

4.71 

4.7- 

4.7- 

4.71

4& 

4.5i 

4.5< 

4.51 

4.4J

4.3 

4.3 

4.2 

4.3 

4.4

4.3

Qage 

height

1?eet 

3.29 

4.10

nkato, Minn., for

June

4.29 

4.24 

4.16 

4.24 

4.18

4.10 

4.18 

416 

4.16 

4.15

4.14 

412 

410 

4.10 

408

408 

4.06 

406 

4.08 

4.06

4.02 

400 

400 

4.20 

4.15

410 

422 

4.28 

434 

430

July

4.28 

4.26 

420 

4.18 

4.12

410 

412 

4.10 

408 

404

402 

400 

3.94 

3.92

3.88

3.86 

3.78 

3.64 

3.60 

3.68

3.60 

3.68 

3.66 

3.64 

3.68

3.56 

3.64 

3.54 

3.52 

3.48 

3.46

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

135 

569

the year

Aug.

3.52 

3.50 

3.50 

3.50 

3.52

3.52 

3.60 

3.64 

3.56 

3.52

3.48 

3.46 

3.44 

3.52 

3.50

3.44 

3.40 

3.45 

3.48 

3.52

3.54 

3.50 

3.46 

3.44 

3.46

3.50 

3.54 

3.48 

3.44 

3.42 

3.34

Sept.

3.36 

3.40 

3.38 

3.36 

3.38

3.38 

3.36 

3.34 

3.32 

3.32

3.30 

3.38 

3.35 

3.34 

&24

3.24 

3.25 

3.30 

3.28 

3.40

3.36 

3.34 

3.32 

3.30 

3.34

3.36 

3.38 

3.40 3.40- 

3.40

ST. CROIX RIVER AT SWISS, WIS.

bridge near Swiss, Burnett 

r er becomes boundary line 

northeast of Danbury on 

Namakagon River

LOCATION. In sec. 33, T. 42 N., R. 15 W., at highwaj 

County, 2 miles above point where St. Croix R 

between Wisconsin and Minnesota, and 10 mile 

Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway 

enters 3H miles above station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,550 square miles (measured on 

Geological and Natural History Survey, editioi 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 20, 1914, to Septembe

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream side o 

read by Capt. Richard Goldschmidt. Prior to 

gage bolted to concrete pier at left end of bridg* 

same datum.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge.

map issued by Wisconsin 

of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6

30, 1923.

bridge on May 16, 1918; 

hat date a cast iron staff 

was used. Both gages at
42 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of gravel, smooth. Aquatic plants 

during summer may cause a small amount of backwater. Left bank high 

and not subject to overflow; right bank of medium height and may be 

overflowed during extremely high water.

EXTBEMES OF DiscHABGE. Maximum open-water stage recorded, 3.40 feet at 

6 p. m. April 23 and 7.40 a. m. April 24 (discharge, 3,280 second-feet); minimum discharge, estimated 610 second-feet February 21-23.

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 6.73 feet at 6.45 a. m. April 22, 

1916 (discharge, 8,480 second-feet). Minimum discharge that of February 

21-23, 1923.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year except as affected 

by growth of grass in channel and by ice. Gage read to quarter-tenths 

twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage 

height to rating table except as shown in footnote to table of daily discharge. 

Record fair.

Discharge measurements of St. Croix River at Swiss, Wis., during the year ending

September 30, 1923

Date

Dec. 14

Jan. 13

' Made by 

E. E. Foster. _ .......

.....do.... ...........

Gage 

height

Feet 

"1.72

"1.79

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

752

777

Date

July 14

Aug. 30

Made by 

E. E. Foster. .... .

S. B. Soule _ ..

Gage 

height

Feet 

»1.67 ».64

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,320

725

0 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. »Stage-discharge relation affected by aquatic growth.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Croix River at Swiss, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

Day

1 _ . __ ......

2... ..... ...

3., .. _ ....

4. __ .........

5- _ ...... 

6... ...........

7.... _ ... __

8 

9. .............

10 

11. 

12 __

13... _ ........

14 

15 . _

16 

17 _

18 

19. ____ 

20 . ..

21 _ 

22... . ..........

23 

24 ...... _ .

25 ... 

26.. ...... .

27.. ..

28 .

29 .. _ ..

30 . 

31 

Oct.

780

750

750

750

750

750

750

750

750

750

750

750

750

750

750

750

810

780

780

750

750

780

780

780

780

750

750

750

750

750

750

Nov.

780

870

870

870

870

905

905

905

905

870

870

870

870

940

940

940

905

940

1,130

1,170

1,130

1,090

1,010

940

870

870

905

940

940

940

Dec.

975

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

925

875

845

865

900

905

890

865

865

810

810

790

775

750

740

730

715

710

720

735

745

755

785

820

850

840

Jan.

820

790

775

755

740

730

735

735 7/in

750

760

770

775

770

790

805

830

860

Man

900

920

935

945

955

960

a?n

960

955

QCfi

940

QCA

Feb.

955

940

925

910

900

840

775

735

690

680

675

675

675

670

660

660

660

650

640

625

610

610

610

625

640

665

690

780

Mar.

870

915

960

1,020

1,090

1,100

1,110

1,150

i ion

1,150

1,110

1,110

1,110

1,120

1,130

1,130

1,130

1,120

1,080

1,050

1,030

1,010

980

955

950

940

940

935

965

995

Apr.

970

940

1,000

1,070

1,200

1,330

1,400

1,460

1,620

1,790

1,970

2,150

2,450

2,750

2,870

2,990

2,400

1,820

2,130

2,330

2,630

2,950

3,280

3,280

3,060

2,950

2,950

2,840

2,530

2,230

May

2,130

2,130

2,130

2,040

1,950

1,950

1,860

1,860

1,860

1,820

1,720

1,680

1,640

1,590

1,540

1,500

1,410

1,410

1,370

1,540

L500

1,460

1,410

1,330

1,290

1,210

1,170

1,090

1,050

1,010

975

June

905

870

870

905

975

1,010

1,050

1,010

975

940

870

905

870

840

810

750

750

725

725

780

840

940

1,010

1,410

2,330

2,730

2,430

2,130

2,040

1,950

July

1,860

1,770

1,680

1,540

1,460

1,410

1,410

1,330

1,330

1,860

1,860

1,680

1,540

1,330

1,210

1,170

1,050

975

905

870

870

870

1,130

1,250

1,210

1,170

1,090

1,010

940

905

870

Aug.

870

870

840

810

780

780

750

725

725

750

750

726

725

725

725

750

750

780

810

780

.840

840

840

810

810

780

750

750

750

750

725

Sept.

725

750

750

750

725

750

750

810

810

840

810

780

780

750

750

750

780

810

780

780

78$

750

725

725

725

725

700

700

700

. 675

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 4 to Apr. 17; daily discharge computed from gage 

heights corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, observer's notes and weather 

records. Stage-discharge relation affected by aquatic growth June 1 to Sept. 30; gage heights corrected for 

backwater on basis of two discharge measurements.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVEB BASEST

Monthly discharge of St, Croix River at Swiss, Wis., for

30, 1923

[Drainage area, 1,550 square miles]

Month

April.. . _

July

September... __ . _ ..... _______

The year _ ______________

Discharge in £

Maximum

810 

1,170 

1,010 

970 

955 

1,190 

3,280 

2,130 

2,730 

1,860 

870 

840

3,280

Minimum

750 

780 

710 

730 

610 

870 

940 

975 

725 

870 

725 

675

610

»cond-feet

Mean

759 

932 

840 

844 

720 

1,050 

2,180 

1, 570 

1,180 

1,280 

776 

754

1,070

Per

square 

mile

0.490 

.601 

.542 

.545 

.465 

.677 

1.41 

1.01 

.761 

.826 

.501 

.486

.690

Run-off 

in inches

0.56 

.«7 

.62 

.63 

.48 

.78 

1.57 

1.16 

.85 

.95 

.58 

.54

9.39

43

the year ending September

ST. CROIX RIVER NEAR ST. CROIX FAILS, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 18, T. 34 N., R. 18 W., at

General Electric Co., on Wisconsin side of St. C 

Falls, Polk County, 50 miles above mouth of river 

an area wholly in Wisconsin, enters 20 miles be) 

draining an area in Minnesota, enters 35 miles above

DRAINAGE AREA. 5,930 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1, 1910, to September 

published in Water-Supply Paper 98, pages 176-177 

near Taylors Falls, Minn. Daily and monthly di 

to June 30, 1905, and monthly estimates July, 

* published in the "Report of water resources in 

1909-1912" by the Minnesota State Drainage Con

DISCHARGE. Daily discharge computed from kilowa 

exciters plus flow over dam and spillway, considered

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily 

year, 8,880 second-feet April 28; minimum mean 

1,080 second-feet November 5.

1902-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, 35, 

1920; minimum discharge, 75 second-feet July 

lation).

REGULATION. Low-water flow controlled by operati 

and by storage and release of water at Neverjs

ACCURACY. Records probably reliable; they have not 

charge measurements been made by engineers of 

Survey.

COOPERATION. Records furnished by Minneapolis Gei

power plant of Minneapolis 

roix River near St. Croix 

r. Apple River, draining 

station; Snake River, 

station.

30, 1923. Data for 1903 

under St. Croix River 

charge January 10, 1902, 

905, to December, 1909, 

jstigations of Minnesota, 

imission. 

t output of dynamo and

as a weir.

discharge recorded during 

daily discharge recorded,

SOO 

17,

second-feet March 26, 

1910 (caused by reguof gates of power plant 

dan several miles upstream, 

been checked, nor have disUnited States Geological

iiieral Electric Co.
44 SUBFACE WATEK SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Croix River near St. Croix Falls, Wis., for the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Day

I..... 

4. _ 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9. - -

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 -

23

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30

31 

Oct.

1,540

1,900

1,620

1,810

1,260

2,080

1,240

1,600

1,540

1,770

1,860

1,260

1,420

1,280

1,460

1,810

1,680

1,620

1,740

1,640

1,360

1,560

1,760

2,240

1,760

1,560

1,620

1,240

1,460

1,840

2,070

Nov.

2,200

1,840

2,960

1,940

1,080

2,000

1,970

2,020

1,220

1,380

2,470

1,240

1,820

2,160

1,880

1,550

2,260

2,330

1,640

2,120

2,080

2,560

2,670

2,620

1,460

3,300

1,940

1,530

1,940

1,320

Dec.

2,090

2,020

1,740

1,930

2,060

2,060

1,760

1,560

1,520

1,450

1,630

1,300

1,600

1,700

1,680

1,560

1,800

1,720

1,700

1,580

1,670

1,660

1,820

1,640

1,720

1,820

2,180

1,990

2,050

1,820

1,360

Jan.

1,320

2,310

2,180

1,600

1,680

1,690

1,560

1 860

1,880

1,520

1,580

1,770

1,740

1,420

1,730

1,920

1,740

2,060

1,340

1,500

1,200

2,020

1,680

1,960

1,540

1,440

1,510

1,520

2,120

1,300

Feb.

1,480

1,640

1,540

1,680

1,580

1,820

1,740

1,640

1,240

1,680

1,520

1,480

1,960

1,480

1,530

1,500

1,400

1,940

1,340

1,620

1,420

1,200

1,540

1,500

1,820

1,980

1,860

1,760

Mar.

1,820

2,240

1,440

1,780

1,600

2,320

1,920

2,080

2,200

1,880

2,600

1,860

2,120

2,070

1,900

1,920

2,160

1,900

2,040

1,860

1,740

1,830

1,980

1,480

1,640

1,920

2,280

1,600

1,440

1,590

1,760

Apr.

1,680

1,880

1,600

2,080

2,160

2,900

2,460

1,620

2,520

2,680

2,320

3,760

3,640

4,800

4,350

5,200

5,800

6,060

5,420

6,320

6,240

5,080

5,980

6,620

6,940

7,280

7,860

8,880

6,600

6,330

May

5,640

6,040

6,500

5,260

6,360

8,520

7,240

5,800

5,400

4,800

4,900

4,820

4,400

4,860

4,220

4,620

4,440

3,460

3,960

2,980

3,820

5,320

4,940

4,840

4,800

4,780

4,300

4,680

4,200

2,780

2,960

June

2,380

1,920

2,080

2,560

2,720

2,860

2,420

1,720

1,760

1,800

2,480

2,420

2,220

2,120

2,200

1,660

1,940

1,800

1,990

1,580

1,920

2,040

2,140

1,700

3,020

3,100

4,700

5,000

5,580

4,900

July

3,580

3,570

4,030

4,420

3,760

3,820

3,860

3,160

3,780

3,960

5,540

5,200

5,140

4,620

3,500

4,700

4,160

3,500

3,380

2,980

2,520

2,340

2,820

2,480

3,060

2,840

2,940

2,300

2,300

2,640

2,280

Aug.

2,600

2,020

2,100

2,180

2,080

2,160

1,960

1,840

1,700

2,020

1,720

1,600

1,700

1,900

1,800

1,480

1,440

1,330

1,700

2,020

1,300

1,680

1,400

1,600

1,500

1,820

1,600

1,560

1,540

1,760

1,660

Sept.

1,600

1,420

1,420

1,950

1,720

1,590

1,740

1,560

1,700

1 680

1,820

1,740

1,520

1,720 1 Rdn

1,520

1,840

1,480

1,620

1,460

1,700

1,740

1,400

1,420

1,700

1,460

1,840

1,760

1 660

1 onn

Monthly discharge of St. Croix River near St. Croix Falls, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 5,930 square miles] . *

Month

April ........ .. ........ ...........

July-----.-- . ...

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

2,240 

3,300 

2,180 

2,310 

1,980 

2,600 

8,880 

8,520 

5,580 

5,540 

2,600 

1,950

8,880

Minimum

1,240 

1,080 

1,300 

1,300 

1,200 

1,440 

1,600 

2,780 

1,580 

2,280 

1,300 

1,400

1,080

Mean

1,630 

1,980 

1,750 

1,710 

1,600 

1,900 

4,570 

4,890 

2,560 

3,520 

1,770 

1,640

2,470

Per 

square 

mile

0.275 

.334 

.295 

.288 

.270 

.320 

.771 

.825 

.432 

' .594 

.298 

.277

.417

Run-off 

in inches

0.32 

.37 

.34 

.33 

.28 

.37 

.86 

.95 

.48 

.68 

.34 

.31

5.63

NOTE. Monthly and yearly discharge computed by engineers of TJ. S. Geological Survey.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVEE BASIN

NAHAEA60N RIVER AT TREGO, W.S.

45

LOCATION. In sec. 35, T. 40 N., R. 12 W., at Chicago & Northwestern Railway

bridge at Trego, Washburn County, 20 miles above confluence of Namakagon and Totogatic Rivers. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 420 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition)of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 11, 1914, to September 

GAGE. Staff gage fastened to retaining wall on left

30, 1923.

bank of river just above

railroad bridge; read by Patrick Lawton.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from lower chords of railroad bridge or 

by wading.

 CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of coarse! gravel. Banks medium 

high and not subject to overflow. Small island downstream with rapids on 

either side forms control; fairly permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 2.6 feet 

April 22-24 (discharge, 1,040 second-feet); minimum discharge, estimated, 

245 second-feet March 29.

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 3.60 feel April 11, 1922 (discharge, 

1,810 second-feet); minimum discharge, estimated, 235 second-feet December 19, 1916.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice and 

by aquatic growth. Rating curve well definec between 350 and 1,200 

second-feet. Gage read to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table except as shown in 

footnote to table of daily discharge. Open-water records good; winter 

records fair.

.Discharge, measurements of Namakagon River at Trego, Wis., during the year 

ending September SO, 192S

Date

Dec. 14 

Jan. 9 

Feb. 14

Made by 

.. do.................

Gage 

height

Feet 

"2.64 

"2.34 

"2.44

Discharge

Sec-ft. 

274 

323 

259

Date

July 13 

14 

Aug. 31

E.E 

.....d

S. B.

Made by 

Foster... 

SoulS.. .

Gage 

height

Feet 

&1.87 1-1.84 

i>1.56

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

453 

441 

325

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. * Stage-discharge relaion affected by aquatic growth.
46 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PABT V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Namakagon River at Trego, Wis., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 __ __

2 

3

4- __ ........

5... ..

6..- ___ .

7

8-.. ........

9. -..

10 

11 

12 ..

13 ..'. .

14 

15 

16 .

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 .... . _

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

Oct.

369

350

350

350

350

350

350

350

350

350

350

350

350

350

350

350

369

350

350

" 350

350

350

350

350

350

350

332

332

350

332

Nov.

350

OftQ

369

369

369

369

369

369

369

OftQ

369

393

QftQ

OQO

369

369

369

393

472

444

417

417

417

369

369

417

417

tea

393

Dec.

393

417

4.79

417

255

415

300

310

OAA

280

280

260

O*K

280

OQfi

9on

275

260

255

250

250

250

255

9firt

255

260

260

9Rrt

9RO

270

Jan.

260

255

260

270

275

280 9Qft

300

300

OAA

300

300

310

320

320

320

315

310

305

300

OAA

300

295

OQfi

290

290

OQK

300

300

300

300

Feb.

300 9Q/i

280

280

280

270

260

265

97fl

260

255

255

255

255

OKK

255

. 255

255

255

260

260

265

270

270

270

280

295

Mar.

300

OQR

285

280

280

280

275

270

270

9?n

265

Ofifi

260

255

OKfl

250

250

255

OfcK

255

260

97fl

260

255

250

250

250

94. K

270

300

Apr.

280

9Afl

280

500

393

417

369

417

472

502

597

630

597

564

564

630

733

803

873

1,020

1,020

1,020

944

838

768

733

ARA

630

May

597

a&A

fifiA

630

597

630

630

664

630

597

564

564

KQO

<>R4

KQO

532

502

502

532

532

532

502

472

472

444

AAA

417

417

417

393

June

369

350

393

393

393

369

393

369

369

350

350

350

ocn

332

332

320

320

320

308

332

332

369

vw

417

532

768

733

698

664

564

July

472

KA9

502

472

444

417

417

417

393

630

597

532

472

444

MA

417

417

369

350

332

332

332

VM

444

393

369

369

369

Slfl

332

369

Aug.

369

350

332

332

332

320

332

320

320

332

332

332

320

320

320

320

320

332

332

320

369

350

332

332

320

320

320

332

320

320

320

Sept.

332

350

350

350

350

332

332

332

332

332

332

320

320

320

320

320

332

350

332

332

332

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

320

332

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec.'6. to Mar. 4; daily discharge determined from gage 

heights corrected for effect of ice by means of three discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather 

records. Stage-discharge relation affected by aquatic growth June 1 to Sept. 30; daily discharge determined 

from gage heights corrected on basis of three discharge measurements.

Monthly discharge of Namakagon River at Trego, Wis., for the year ending September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 420 square miles]

Month

November ________________ . ....

December _______________ ___

March _____ . __ . .....................

April............... .........................

July............. .........................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

369 

472 

472 

320 

300 

300 

1,020 

664 

768 

630 

369 

350

1,020

Minimum

332 

350 

250 

255 

255 

245 

260 

393 

308 

332 

. 320 

320

245

Mean

349 

389 

293 

295 

268 

266 

614 

543 

418 

422 

330 

330

377

Per 

square 

mile

0.831 

.926 

.698 

.702 

.638 

.633 

1.46 

1.29 

.995 

1.00 

.786 

.786

.898

Run-off 

in inches

0.96 

1.03 

.80 

.81 

.66 

.73 

1.63 

1.49 

1.11 

1.15 

.91 

.88

12.16
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVEE BASIN 47 

APPLE RIVER WEAR SOMERSET, WIS,

LOCATION. In sec. 21, T. 31 N., R. 19 W., at power plant of St. Croix Power Co., 

SJ-Sj miles below Somerset, St. Croix County, and 2 miles above mouth of 

river.

DKAINAGE AEEA. 550 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch= 

6 miles).

RECOBDS AVAILABLE. January, 1901, to September 30, 1923.

DISCHABGE. Daily discharge of the turbines computed from hourly observations 

of the number of wheels in operation and the kilowatt output. To this quantity is added the leakage through the average number of wheels idle each 

day, the sum giving the daily flow through the power house. Water is seldom wasted over the spillway of the dam, but when it is so wasted the quantity is computed from weir formulae and added to the flow through the plant. 

There is a constant leakage through the gate and flashboards amounting to 3 

second-feet. This quantity has not been taken into consideration in computing the published records.

EXTBEMES OF DISCHABGE. Maximum mean daily discharge recorded during 

year, 1,060 second-feet April 14; minimum mean daily discharge recorded, 

72 second-feet September 11.

1904-1923: Maximum mean daily discharge recorded, 2,280 second-feet 

in June, 1905; minimum mean daily discharge, 20 second-feet June 26, 1921. 

Owing to regulation the minimum discharge has no bearing on the natural 

minimum flow. No maximum and minimum records are available for 1901- 

1903.

REGULATION. There are a number of power plants on Apple River above 

station. The pondage of these plants is small, and though the daily flow 

may be controlled to some extent, the mean monthly flow probably corresponds closely to the natural flow.

ACCUBACY. From 1901 to 1909 the discharge through the plant was determined 

from tables computed from data collected at tests on one of the turbines 

made at the flume of the Holyoke Water Power Co., Holyoke, Mass. In 

the summer of 1909 engineers of the St. Croix Power Co. made tests on the 

water flowing through all the wheels as actually installed by means of a sharpcrested weir 710 inches long located 60 feet, below power house. These 

tests gave results about 3 per cent larger than the Holyoke tests, and tables 

based on them have been used in determining the discharge through the plant 

from 1909 to September, 1920. In May, 1914, a series of current-meter measurements were made by Wisconsin Railroad Commission and United States 

Geological Survey, and a rating curve for the tailrace was developed. Twelve 

tests were then run with different wheels and loads. It was found that the 

discharge as determined by the current meter and the discharge as computed 

by the company agreed very closely, the percentage difference for the 

twelve tests ranging from 6/.4 per cent to +1.8 per cent with an average of 

 2.0 per cent; the discharge as determined by the company being 2 per cent 

less than that determined by the current meter. During 1915 three current 

meter measurements were made to check the accuracy of the published 

records. These measurements showed that the power-plant records were 

about 5 per cent less than the measured discharge, due probably to increased 

leakage through the wheels. The records, as published for 1919 and 1920, 

are the power-plant records increased by 5 per cent. In September, 1920, 

another series of tests were made by the power company by means of a 

sharp-crested weir, from which the tables used in computing the flow through 

the power house were corrected. The records, as published for 1921 to 

1923 inclusive, are the power-plant records as furnished by the company 

without change.
48 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

COOPEKATION. Records furnished by the St. Paul Gas Light Co. of St. Paul, 

Minn., D. W. Flowers, engineer.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Apple River near Somerset, Wis., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 _______

2... _____ ..

3.

4 _________

5..............

6

7 ...........

8...... ........

9..

10..............

11 _

,12... ...........

13

14..............

15. ..........

16..... _ ......

17..... _ ......

18..............

19 ...........

20. _ ..........

21

22......... __ .

23.- _ ..........

24 _

25....... _ ....

26 ___ ..... ....

27.

28 ...........

29 

30 

31 .........

Oct.

90

216

210

215

221

227

343

105

270

235

209

206

196

212

212

187

246

236

223

309

101

216

227

200

208

213

188

1Q7

223

Nov.

217

212

208

219

217

190

253

204

208

266

361

299

206

214

217

232

228

337

478

270

240

228

243

238

292

155

221

235

219

236

Dec.

298

263

183

242

176

159

218

197

257

187

254

176

198

256

223

233

192

209

161

238

205

195

249

203

202

215

233

245

232

233

188

Jan.

196

238

228

227

184

214

195

234

230

225

234

229

222

224

200

219

237

204

218

224

171

OO7

226

222

246

183

253

210

216

94Q

215

Feb.

203

195

251

174

206

233

229

189

243

217

210

210

216

190

195

187

213

314

198

211

208

210

160

198

171

183

226

205

Mar.

207

301

296

205

202

222

234

239

245

245

224

273

250

228

264

251

200

204

263

317

325

292

265

267

259

235

233

216

227

217

222

Apr.

239

255

237

248

433

496

493

613

461

464

542

521

852

1,060

825

855

816

696

692

603

569

677

653

579

509

508

533

523

446

448

May

384

408

469

612

548

431

515

505

498

446

408

279

340

444

360

384

308

275

409

326

511

355

369

354

.264

367

239

336

260

166

275

June

260

281

206

262

297

222

252

235

225

201

250

175

196

227

184

183

169

236

281

232

240

219

294

230

438

355

414

316

311

307

July

196

240

212

239

227

213

217

200

217

225

216

200

211

241

130

154

209

137

151

172

163

139

132

171

201

153

168

164

178

124

136

Aug.

207

141

138

145

141

163

150

159

150

166

179

162

209

218

159

157

124

197

166

112

186

159

126

158

180

147

94

178

174

184

137

Sept.

185

194

150

168

178

236

271

140

129

258

72

155

174

158

173

137

173

153

162

194

177

213

150

179

194

187

186

187

233

128

NOTE. See paragraph on "Discharge" in station description for method by which these records are 

obtained.

Monthly discharge of Apple River near Somerset, Wis., for the year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 550 square miles]

Month

January

June

July - . 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

343 

478 

298 

253 

314 

325 

1,060 

612 

438 

241 

218 

271

1.060

Minimum

90 

J55 

159 

171 

160 

200 

237 

166 

169 

124 

94 

72

72

Mean

212 

245 

217 

220 

209 

246 

562 

382 

257 

185 

160 

176

256

Per square 

mile

0.385 

.445 

.395 

.400 

.380 

.447 

1.02 

.695 

.467 

.336 

.291 

.320

.465

Run-off 

in inches

0.44 

.50 

.46 

.46 

.40 

.52 

1.14 

.80 

.52 

.39 

.34 

.36

6.33
TIPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVEE BASIN 49

CHIFFEWA RIVER AT BISHOP'S BRIDGE, NEAR WINTER, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 23, T. 39 N., R. 6 W., at highway bridge, 3 miles downstream from mouth of East Fork of Chippewa River, and 4 miles by road 

northwest of Winter, Sawyer County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 775 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch= 

6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 23, 1912, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to bridge used since May 28, 1916; read by John 

Edberg and William Negaard. Gages previously used as follows: February 

23, 1912, to January 27, 1914, a wooden staff gage fastened to a wooden pier 

on the right bank just above bridge; datum 3.44 feet above that of chain 

gage. January 27, 1914, to May 28, 1916, a vertical cast iron staff gage 

fastened to the same pier; datum same as for chain gage.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of highway bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed compose'd of gravel, free from vegetation; shifts 

occasionally. Control is head of rapids 1,000 feet below gage. One channel 

at all stages. Banks not subject to overflow.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 7.75 feet at 

6.30 p. m. August 15 (discharge, 3,750 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 

3.28 feet at 4 p. m. May 17 (discharge, 17 second-feet). Both maximum 

and minimum stages are the result of regulation and have no bearing on 

the natural flow.

1912-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 9.56 feet April 22, 1916 (discharge 

6,940 second-feet); minimum stage recorded that of May 17, 1923.

REGULATION. In April, 1923, the Chippewa Reservoir owned by the WisconsinMinnesota Light & Power Co. was put into operation. This reservoir is 

just below the confluence of the East and West Forks of Chippewa River 3 

miles above station, and has a capacity of 10 billion cubic feet. Operation 

of this reservoir regulates the entire flow of the stream at the station in the 

interest of power developments below. There is also a reservoir 16 miles 

above station that has a capacity of 550 million cubic feet.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year except as affected 

by ice. Rating curve well defined below 7,000 second-feet. Gage read to 

hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge for open-water periods ascertained 

by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Open-water records 

good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Chippewa River at Bishop's Bridge, near Winter, Wis., 

during the year ending September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 21

24

Nov. 26

Dec. 15

Jan. 13

Made by 

Q. K. Schneider. ... .

..... do ..... ...-.. 

.. do 

S. B. Soule . . -

height

Feet 

4.31

4.34

.5.14

«5.93

a 5. 42

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

265

272

589

278

206

Date

Feb. 11 1 26

July 12

Aug. 31

Made by 

. do 

.... .do ... ... ...

E. E. Foster. _ ... ....

S. B. Soul6~. .

Gage 

height

Feet 

.5.41

.5.46

.5.51

3.54

4.77

Discharge

8ec.-ft. 

177

191

213

40

458

' Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
50

Daily di

SURFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

, in second-feet, of Chippewa River at Bishop's Bridge, near Winter, 

Wis., for the year ending September SO,

Day

1. ........... ..

2.. ............

3... ...........

4 _____ . _ .

5 .... .... ...

6... .......... .

7....... ... .

8 ... .... ... .

9 

10 

11 - 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16. . .

17 

18 

19 __ .. 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31.. ....... .

Oct.

352

OQfi

9Qft

290

278

274

270

270

266

270

258

t)RA

9*vd

250

258

258

254

250

250

250

270

97ft

97 A

974.

274

266

274

97n

266

1 ov.

274

9Qft

290

290

OQA

310

O1 A

290

000

OOA

352

375

OiQQ

^Qtt

398

398

420

520

4.OK

520

550

580

520

530

590

495

470

445

445

Dec.

352

580

4.QC

470

01 A

AKK

4&ft

430

405

360

360

306

9QS

OQC

OQA

OOA

320

OOA

QAA

285

97ft

255

OEC

255

9dA

99 C

215

Of A

91ft

210

91ft

Jan.

210

91ft

Of n

210

91ft

91ft

91ft

210

91ft

91 ft

210

91ft

91ft

91ft

225

99ft

91 fl

215

225

91ft

9ftft

195

200

91ft

9f\n

195

91ft

225

9QA

91 A

Feb.

225

240

225

210

200

1QC

200

210

9ftft

175

195

1QK

1QC

195

175

155

175

195

195

195

190

1QA

185

190

200

0-1 A

Mar.

210

230

250

OCA

250

240

230

215

200

115

30

130

230

120

20

20

25

30

30

10

35

40

50

60

70

70

65BO

55

50

Apr.

95

90

SO

175

97ft

180

Qf^

95

05

Q<i

Q*i

120

1*A

1QA

ooft

290

350

570

790

550

470

97

73

57

42

50

42

42

34

26

May

18

27

28

26

25

25

24

24

25

25

24

22

22

22

21

21

19

22

24

45

32

27

24

22

24

23

22

23

: 1

22

22

June

22

22

22

22

25

22

24

24

22

22

24

25

27

29

29

28

29

28

29

29

580

34

29

32

104

50

46

39

36

33

July

57

73

53

55

55

55

29

39

63

55

59

57

40

59

32

32

34

33

32

30

29

32

59

32

39

36

431

544

38

330

915

Aqg.

915

915

915

915

915

915

915

915

915

915

915

915

830

830

1,390

798

375

375

375

420

375

375

375

398

520

470

470

470

495

445

445

Sept.

445

445

445

445

445

470

445

445

445

398

750

198

198

198

198

198

675

675

675

675

675

675

675

675

675

675

675

675

675

675

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 25, 26, and Dec. 6 toApr. 19; daily discharge ascertained from gage heights corrected for effect of ice by means of six discharge measurements, observer's notes, 

and weather records.

Monthly discharge of Chippewa River at Bishop1 s Bridge, near Winter, Wis., for 

the year ending September 80, 1923

[Drainage area, 775 square miles]

Month

April..............-. ....................

July......... . .-.. ......__

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

352 

590 

580 

225 

240 

250 

790 

45 

580 

915 

1,390 

675

1,390

Minimum

250 

274 

210 

195 

155 

20 

26 

18 

22 

29 

375 

198

18

Mean

269 

408 

321 

211 

196 

117 

185 

24.2 

49.6 

111 

684 

521

258

Per 

square 

mile

0.347 

.526 

.414 

.272 

.253 

.151 

.239 

.0312 

.0640 

.143 

.883 

.672

.333

Eun-off 

in inches

a 40 

.59 

.48 

.31 

.26 

.17 

.27 

.04 

.07 

.16 

1.02 

.75

4.52
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 51

CHIPPEWA RIVER NEAR BRUCE, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 4, T. 35 N., R. 7 W., at Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. 

Marie Railway bridge 1 mile east of Bruce, Rusk County. Thornapple 

River enters from left immediately above station, and Flambeau River from 

* left 21 miles below.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,600 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. December 31, 1913, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage, attached to downstream side of bridge; read by M. Pavlok.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and small gravel free from vegetation; first and second channels from the west fairly permanent; third 

channel nearest east bank has a tendency to fill with sand carried in by 

Thornapple River. Flow except during extremely high stages is confined 

within the banks.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 9.8 feet at 

8 a. m. April 21 (discharge, 8,780 second-feet); minimum discharge, estimated, 230 second-feet March 14.

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 13.7 feet at 4.30 p. m. April 10, 

1922 (discharge, 14,900 second-feet); minimum discharge, that of March 14, 

1923.

REGULATION. Flow at station is quite largely controlled by reservoirs above the 

gaging station at Bishop's Bridge; see page 49.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; affected by shifting control 

and by ice. Rating curve fairly well defined. Gage read to half-tenths once 

daily. Daily discharge ascertained by indirect method for shifting control 

except as indicated in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Chippewa River near Bruce, Wis., during the year ending

September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 11

Dec. 18

Jan. 12

Feb. 16

Made by 

. .do.--... ........

 do.... ..... 

..... do...- ... ...

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.60

"2.75

"2.67

«3.06

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

474

522

607

405

Date

July 11

Sept. 1

Made by 

..... do..... .....

S. B. Soulfi ... ... ...

Gage 

height

Feet 

9.71

1.88

1.86

Discharge

Sec.-/t. 

8,670

70&

663

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
52 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1023, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chippewa River near Bruce, Wis., for the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Day

1... _ .. __ .

2.. .........

3.. ....... .....

4... __ .. _ .

5 . __ ....

«.. __ . ......

7...... _ .....

8.. _ .........

9.. .........

10.. __ ... __ .

11... __ .......

12 ___ ... .....

13 _ . _ ....

14. _____ . ...

15 

16.. .........

17 ____ . __ .

18... ...........

19.. ............

20 .. __ .....

21..............

22.. .........

23

24.... ___ . ...

25.. .........

26 . ...

27... _ ..... ...

28.. .........

29... __ .. .....

30 ...........

31.... __ ......

Oct.

535

535

502

502

502

502

 502

502

502

502

502

470

470

470

470

470

502

502

502

502

502

502

502

502

502

502

502

502

502

470

470

Nov.

502

570

605

570

570

605

642

642

642

720

925

925

882

882

840

800

800

882

1,140

1,370

1,240

1,140

1,060

968

720

760

1,010

925

925

925

Dec.

QRS

' 800

840

865

935

620

585

550

550

515

480

550

550

550

585

620

585

550

550

550

480

48(1

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

Jan.

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

580

515

550

515

515

515

480

480

480

445

445

445

410

410

445

480

445

Feb.

48fl

480

445

410

410

410

410

445

445

445

445

445

410

410

410

410

410

410

410

410

380

380

380

380

380

410

410

445

Mar.

445

480

515

515

515

515

480

480

480

480

480

480

380

230

350

515

410

445

320

320

320

320

350

350

350

350

320

320

320

350

Apr.

350

350

380

410

415

585

655

725

830

935

970

970

1,390

2,030

2,700

3,650

3,870

5,560

7,300

7,690

8,780

7,950

7,300

5,310

3,720

2,620

2,130

1,750

1,370

1 10(1

May

1,100

1,060

1,060

1,010

925

840

800

760

800

925

925

840

760

680

605

570

535

502

470

2,320

3,420

2,520

2,220

1,190

968

760

642

535

470

410

382

June

382

355

355

382

535

680

1,280

1,370

1,140

840

642

470

535

470

410

382

355

328

300

355

382

382

410

470

605

1,280

1,840

1,460

968

720

July

642

680

720

570

535

535

470

410

382

502

760

760

605

502

440

410

382

355

328

300

275

275

410

535

. 440

382

355

840

720

388

642

Aug.

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

720

1,010

1,660

1,190

642

605

605

642

605

605

605

605

680

720

680

642

605

642

Sept.

$80

680

680

642

605

605

1,010

1,190

1,190

1,140

1,100

1,010

882

882

882

882

925

925

925

882

840

840

840

840

840

840

840

840

840

840

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 4 to Apr. 18; daily discharge based on gage heights 

corrected for ice effect by means of three discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather records.

Monthly discharge of Chippewa River near Bruce, Wis., for the year- ending September 80, 1928

[Drainage area, 1,600 square miles]

Month

January- ___________________

April ....... _ ...........................

May _____________________

July................ .........................

September ___________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

535 

1,370 

968 

580 

480 

515 

8,780 

3,420 

1,840 

840 

1,660 

1,190

8,780

Minimum

470 

502 

480 

410 

380 

230 

350 

382 

300 

275 

605 

605

230

Mean

497 

840 

593 

497 

418 

404 

2,800 

1,000 

669 

502 

903 

871

831

Per 

square 

mile

0.311 

.525 

.371 

.311 

.261 

.252 

1.75 

.625 

.418 

.314 

.564 

.544

.519

Eun-off 

in inches

0.36 

.59 

.43 

.36 

.27 

.29 

1.95 

.72 

.47 

.36 

.65 

.61

7.06
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN

CHIPPEWA RIVEB AT CHIPPEWA FAIIS, WIS.

53

LOCATION. In SE. % sec. 6, T. 28 N., R. 8 W. at highway bridge at Chippewa 

Falls, Chippewa County, 2,500 feet below mouth of Duncan Creek coming 

in from right.

DBAINAGE AREA. 5,600 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 22, 1888, to September 30, 1923,

GAGE. On July 27, 1916, a Gurley graph water-stage recorder replaced a Friez 

water-stage recorder which was installed January, 1914, on web between 

caisson piers supporting first right hand span and 10 feet upstream from gage 

formerly used by United States Weather Bureau; gage referred to original 

datum.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of heavy gravel; ,fairly permanent. 

Banks high and are seldom overflowed.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 14.4 feet 

at 10 p. m. April 22 (discharge, 59,000 second-feet); minumum stage of 

about 0.22 foot at 8 p. m. August 26 (discharge, 528 second-feet).

1888-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 26.03 feet December 6, 1896; 

September 10, 1884, a stage of 26.94 feet was reached. The extreme high 

stages in 1884 and 1896 were probably caused in part by backwater from 

log jams and the volume of discharge was probably considerably less than the 

stage would indicate if the channel had been unobstructed. Exclusive of 

these floods, the maximum stage recorded was 17.0 feet March 27, 1920 (discharge, 78,000 second-feet); minimum discharge recorded, about 40 secondfeet February 4, 1917.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice.

REGULATION. Flow past station controlled to a considerable extent by operation 

of Wissota power plant of Northern States Power Co. Large diurnal 

fluctuation. In April, 1923, the reservoir on Chippewa River above Bishop's 

Bridge was put into operation (see p. 49).

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. Rating curve 

well defined between 2,000 and 56,000 second-feet, and fairly well defined 

between 500 and 2,000 second-feet. Operation of automatic gage satisfactory 

throughout year, except as noted in footnote to table of daily discharge. 

Daily discharge was obtained by means of discharge integrator. Records 

at medium and high stages good; at low stages fair.

Discharge measurements of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis., during the 

year ending September SO, 19%S

Date

Oct. 12

Feb. 21

Made by 

 ..do 

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.86

«.96

3.83

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

2,190

2,070

9,680

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
54

Daily dii

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

, in second-feet, of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls., Wis., for the 

year ending September SO, 192S

Day

1 ...........

3 

4 .. '.

5 . .

6 .........

7 ...........

8 

9 - .....

10 - 

11. 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 . 

25. ..........

26 .

27. .

28 

29 

30. 

31 

Oct

1,290

1,970

2,010

1,900

1,820

1 QAfl

*,710

1,300

1,710

1,840

1,680

1 880

1 340

1,770

1,790

1,710

1,900

1 440

1,710

1 760

9 ISft

1,970

2,000

2,020

1,240

1 660

Nov.

1,870

1,880

1 74ft

1,780

1 440

2.060

i Qfin

1 Qnn

9 inn

1,890

1,830

4,560

1,720

i Qdn

1,910

q noA

2,850

3,840

i 7^n

3

KQf\

5 74n

6,860

5

qnn

3,520

4,160

3,280

3 260

3

QQA

i fi^n

Dec.

3,620

5,100

1 460

3^040

3

-lQrt

3,610

9 Q7n

2,220

9 9^n

1,310

9 n-in

2 680

2

7 en

9 4Qn

2 540

9 ^«n

i 7fin

2,620

9 Ann

2 650

9 Ann

2,480

2

0QA

1,630

1 400

2,140

2,480

9 QQfl

9 4^in

9 9Qn

1 460

Jan.

1,210

2 190

2,380

9 onn

i onn

1,420

2,220

1,840 i cidn

9 (\fi(\

1 Qf)()

1,580

I

QCn

9 ton

2 180

2^150

2,120

1,810

1,580

2 060

2

OQA

2,170

9 i8n

2,070

1,580

1,990

9 9&n

2,280

Feb.

2,200

9 nfirt

1,310

Q fin/i

1,950

2; 000

1 940

1^860

1,770

1 960

2,470

9 nan

9 n**n

9 n^n

i osn

1,470

2,050

9 hon

1,940

i Rnn

i fiftn

1,620

1 400

i sron

2,220

Mar.

2,140

2,010

1,640

1,580

1,840

1,980

2,840

3,140

3,260

9 Q3n

2,110

9 R4/1

2,910

2,980

3,090

3 <inn

2,980

1,820

2,330

3,470

3,170

3

«>4A

^ 4/M1

9 son

1,980

2,880

3,250

t dstn

2

Qon

9 nnn

Apr.

1,700

2,270

2,270

2,260

2,200

2,430

3,570

9 fi9fl

3,150

1,700

1,840

2,220

2,040

1,500

6,560

6,760

23,900

36,800

49,700 KA nnn

04 Af}f\

OA QAA

29,200

10 fifin

17,000

13,200

12,100

11,400

May

10,600

7,700

10,700

12,300

10,300

11,800

7 680 lo'ooo

9,740

10,300

8,390

8,240

8,510

8,370

7,320

6,600

6,710

5,500

2,350

15,200

12,200

12,100

c ion

6,620

3,780

6,740

7,540

5,960

June

3,820

2,910

1,720

2,920

3,300

3,700

8,290

16,600

16,400

12,900

11,400

8,760

6,620

4,340

4 580

5,200

1,740

2,720

3,010

3,820

3,890

2,900

1 600

5,220

9,330

14,200

8,180

5,220

July

4,440

5,090

4,790

1,480

6,700

4,980

4,220

2,710

4,270

4,160

3,380

3,720

3,740

3,690

2,190

3,100

3,200

2,940

2,680

2,300

2,140

1,210

1,250

2,120

2,150

2,630

2,420

1,120

1,500

1,990

Aug.

2,700

2,310

1,870

2,120

994

2,430

2,300

1,040

1,950

1,980

1,660

720

1,850

2,360

2,160

2 220

1,960

1,580

970

1,940

2,240

1,680

1,940

1,530

620

1,740

1,900

1,470

1,560

1,670

Sept.

1,640

830 740-

l,65ff

1,860

1,850'

2,040

2 42fr

1,080*

2,94&

2, 530'

2,300

l,8Mr

1,940-

2 nnn*

895

1,920

1,800

1, 910

1,680-

1^720'

1, 670

985

i snn

1,940

1,950

2,050

2,210

1,220

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice Feb. 3-25. Recording gage not in perfect operation Oct. 27, Nov. 15-18, Dec. 6-8, Feb. 14-17, 21-24, and Apr. 23-28; discharge estimated from a study of 

power output of the Wissota plant.

Monthly discharge of Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis., for the year ending

September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 5,600 square miles]

Month

February ... ... ........................

April _____________________

June.-... __ _______ ---.-.-_ -..--

July. .- ..--.._--.._..

The year.. ______________ ..

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

2,180 

6,860 

5,100 

2,380 

2,470 

3,510 

54,000 

15,200 

16,600 

6,700 

2,700 

2,940

54,000

Minimum

1,240 

1,440 

1,310 

1,210 

1,250 

1,580 

1,500 

2,350 

1,600 

1,120 

620 

740

620

Mean

1,760 

2,780 

2,480 

' 2,000 

1,920 

2,710 

13,000 

8,480 

6,350 

3,040 

1,820 

1,770

4,000

Per 

square 

mile

0.314 

:496 

.443 

.357 

.343 

.484 

2.32 

1.51 

1.13 

.543 

.325 

.316

.714

Run-off 

in inches

0.3& 

.5& 

.51 

.41 

.36 

.5& 

2.59 

1.74 

1.26 

.63 

.37 

.35

9.69
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI BIVER BASIN 55

FLAMBEAU BIVER NEAR BUTTERNUT, WIS.

LOCATION. In lot 10, sec. 28, T. 41 N., R. 1 E., 6 miles southeast of Butternut, 

Ashland County, and 7 miles upstream from Park Falls.

DRAINAGE AREA. 660 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch= 

6 miles).

RECOEDS AVAILABLE. July 30, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage supported by a built-up cantilever, attached to post set in 

right bank of river; installed May 26, 1916; read by Carl G. Elm. Vertical 

staff gage at same site and datum was used from July 30, 1914, until taken 

out by ice in spring of 1916.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 1,500 feet downstream from gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed at gage composed of mud and rock. Left bank 

is low and subject to overflow; right bank slopes back gradually to highwater mark. At cable' site 1,500 feet below gage, bed is rock and banks are 

high. Control is at head of Schultz Rapids, 200 feet below cable and 1,700 

feet below gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.80 feet 

afternoon April 25 (discharge, 3,320 second-feet); minimum discharge, 

estimated, 2§0 second-feet January 3, 9, and 10.

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 9.0 feet April 22 and 23, 1916 

(discharge, 5,430 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.90 foot August 27 and 28, 

1920 (discharge, 204 second-feet).

REGULATION. Storage reservoirs, having an effective capacity of 1.15 billion 

cubic feet, are maintained by the Chippewa & Flambeau Improvement Co. 

on the headwaters of Flambeau River.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined between 350 and 3,000 second-feet. Gage read 

to quarter-tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily 

gage height to rating table except as shown in footnote to table of daily 

discharge. Records fair.

Discharge measurement of Flambeau Rioer near Butternut, Wis., during the year

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Dec.* 28

July! 21

Made by -

J. W.Harris __________________________________

E. E. Foster _______________________________ ....

Gage 

height

Feet 

 2.15

3.23

Discharge

Secsft. 

319

946

Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
56 SUEFACE WATER 'SUPPLY, 1923, PAKT V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Flambeau River near Butternut, Wis., for the 

year ending September SO, 19 2S

Day

1 ..............

2.. ___ .... ...

3..... ____ ..

4.. ............

5.. _ .... _ ..

6........ _ ...

1.. ............

8..... .........

9.. ___ .......

10 

11... ...... 

12..............

13 . 

14..............

15. . 

16 __ ...... 

17..... _ ......

18. __ ........

19 

20 

21. _ .... 

22 __ 

23. 

24 __ .... __ ..

25 _ -..... .

26 

27 __ ..........

28 ___ ... ..

29 

30... _ 

31 ____

Oct.

416

416

400

416

416

400

385

400

385

385

370

370

370

432

449

449

466

466

466

466

466

466

449

449

449

449

432

416

416

416

400

Nov.

400

400

400

400

400

416

416

385

342

370

432

466

518

554

518

518

518

554

673

716

673

673

632

592

554

518

483

518

316

592

Dec.

632

592

554

554

518

520

485

465

450

430

415

400

385

385

370

370

355

355

340

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

320

305

305

305

Jan.

305

290

280

305

290

290

305

305

280

280

 >Qfl

305

305

305

310

315

320

325

330

qon

315

310

305

310

310

315

310

305

320

340

335

Feb.

335

330

320

315

315

315

315

315

315

315

315

315

315

320

330

340

340

340

335

330

335

335

340

340

340

335

330

335

Mar.

335

340

340

340

335

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

330

320

310

305

305

305

305

305

315

330

340

340

Apr.

340

350

355

365

375

385

390

400

415

430

430

430

430

450

465

465

555

740

895

1,080

1,620

2,340

2,670

2,630

3, 320

2,350

2,280

2,140

1,940

1,940

May

1,800

1,680

1,680

1,560

1,560

1,440

1,330

1,330

1,280

1,220

1,220

1,220

1,170

1,170

1,120

1,080

1,080

1,030

985

1,080

1,080

1,170

1,080

985

985

940

940

895

805

716

716

June

632

632

673

673

716

716

895

1,080

1,120

1,120

1,080

1,120

1,080

985

940

895

895

805

805

716

850

895

985

1,080

1,170

1,280

1,280

1,170

1,120

1,080

July

1,080

1,080

1,030

985

985

985

1,030

1,080

1,080

1,170

1,170

1,170

1,170

1,170

1,170

1,170

1,170

1,120

1,080

1 080

985

985

940

940

895

850

805

805

760

716

716

Aug.

716

716

716

673

632

632

592

554

554

554

518

518

483

483

483

483

483

483

483

483

483

483

483

483

449

483

483

518

554

554

554

Sept.

554

554

554

554

354

554

554

554

554

554

554

518

518

518

483

483

466

483

483

483

483

483

483

449

466

449

449

416

416

432

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 6 to Apr. 23; daily discharge determined from gage 

heights corrected for ice effect by means of one discharge measurement, observer's notes, and weather records.

Monthly discharge of Flambeau River near Butternut, Wis., for the year ending

September SO, 192S

[Drainage area, 660 square miles]

Month

October... .. ... 

June 

July..'....... ........ . .. .....

The year.. _______________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

466 

716 

632 

340 

340 

340 

3,320 

1,800 

1,280 

1,170 

716 

554

3,320

Minimum

370 

316 

305 

280 

315 

305 

340 

716 

632 

716 

449 

416

Mean

424 

498 

402 

307 

327 

326 

1,100 

1,170 

950 

1,010 

541 

502

280 631

Per 

square 

mile

0.642 

.755 

.609 

.465 

.495 

.494 

1.67 

1.77 

1.44 

1.53 

.820 

.761

.956

Run-off 

in inches

'0.74

.84 

.70. 

,54 

.5fr 

.57 

1.86- 

2.04 

1.61 

1.7& 

,9& 

.85.

12. 98.
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI EIVEK BASIN 57

FLAMBEAU RIVER NEAR IADYSHITH, WIS.

LOCATION. In SE. M sec. 20, T. 35 N., R. 5 W., at farm of H. J. Cornelissen 

6 miles by road northwest of Ladysmith, Rusk County, 21 miles below 

mouth of South Fork of Flambeau River, and 28 miles above mouth of 

river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,940 miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological 

and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 2, 1914, to September 30, 1923. From February 15, 1903, to December 2, 1906, records were collected at a station in 

Ladysmith, three-fourths of a mile south of Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault 

Ste. Marie Railway station, half a mile below dam of Menasha Pulp Co., 

and 6 miles below present station.

GAGE. Chain fastened to a cantilever arm supported by two posts on left bank 

of river, on farm of H. J. Cornelissen; read by H. J. Cornelissen.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 200 feet below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of gravel and sand; free from vegetation and not permanent. At gage section, channel is divided by a small 

sandy island; at cable section river flows in one channel. Banks are medium 

high, wooded, and not subject to overflow. Control not well defined, 

formed by channel below gage.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.17 feet 

April 23 (discharge, 12,500 second-feet); minimum discharge estimated 

380 second-feet December 19 (stage-discharge relation affected by ice).

1903-1906; 1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 10.2 feet April 11, 1922 

(discharge, 19,500 second-feet); minimum discharge, 350 second-feet 

February 8, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. The Chippewa & Flambeau Improvement Co. operates storage 

reservoirs in the headwaters having an effective capacity of 1.15 billion 

cubic feet. Weekly fluctuations at gage are caused by operation of power 

plants at Park Falls and storage reservoirs. In the spring of 1923 the Big 

Falls power plant of the Lake Superior District Power Co. was put into 

operation. This plant causes diurnal fluctuation at gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation probably permanent. Rating curve 

fairly well defined. Gage read to quarter-tenths once every other day. 

Daily discharge'ascertained by applying gage height to rating table except 

as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records for October, 

November, August, and September fair; records for remainder of year poor.

Discharge measurements of Flambeau River near Ladysmith, Wis., during the year 

ending September 30, 1923

[Made by E. E. Foster]

Date

Dec. 15... _ 

Jan. 10. __ . _ ..............

Gage 

height

Feet 

 5.22

-4.22

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

747

662

Date

Feb. 17.-... .-. - -.

July 11 . _ ......

Gage 

height

Feet 

 3.45

3.89

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

563

2,640

' Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
58 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Flambeau River near Ladysmith, Wis., for the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 _ ..........

2..... ........

3.... .........

4.............

5 .

«. .- 

7 .

8.... ......

9. ......

10 

11 _

12...... .......

13 ......

14... .......

15 

16 ..

17 

18 ........

19 

20 ......

21 

22 _ . __

23. 

24 

25 

26 ...

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

Oct.

805

862

920

880

840

805

770

770

770

770

770

770

770

746

722

781

840

840

840

822

805

822

840

828

817

805

842

880

000

920

862

Nov.

805

805

805

805

805

805

822

840

840

840

1,230

1,620

1', 510

1,400

1,370

1,340

1,480

1,620

1,880

2,150

2,150

2,150

2,030

1,910

1,910

1,910

1,600

1 90ft

1,290

1,290

Dec.

1,340

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,340

1,290

1.320

1,340

1,070

805

820

840

QA(\

840

770

800

805

590

380

515

650

530

4flA

545

685

650

610

650

685

685

685

Jan.

640

600

635

670

680

695

670

640

650

fiftn

670

685

760

840

840

840

840

840

720

600

580

560

575

590

625

660

685

685

685

685

685

Feb.

680

670

680

685

685

650

610

635

660

685

no

665

620

625

630

595

560

565

570

570

570.

555

540

550

cen

550

540

KAn

Mar.

540

570

600

610

620

610

600

620

640

640

640

640

630

620

640

660

660

750

840

920

1,000

885

770

765

760

760

760

750

740

590

435

Apr.

550

670

695

720

720

720

760

805

900

1,000

835

670

895

1,120

1,700

2,270

1,790

3,800

5,800

8,850

11,900

11,900

12,500

11,600

10,700

8,680

6,660

6,130

5,600

5,800

May

6,000

6; 000

6,000

5,800

5,600

4,620

3,640

3,560

3,480

3,640

3,800

4,320

4,840

4,010

3,180

4,200

5,210

3,440

1,670

3,970

3,970

3,970

3,300

2,640

2,580

2,510

2,510

2,510

2,360

2,150

1,910

June

1,670

1,910

2,150

1,480

805

1,850

2,900

3,780

4,660

3,780

2,900

2,840

2,770

2,220

1,670

1,850

2,030

1,640

1,240

1,400

1,560

2,100

2,640

2,640

2 640

2,640

3,060

3,480

3,330

3,180

July

2,270

2,210

2,150

2,090

2,030

2,340

2,640

2,150

2,460

2,770

2,840

2,900

2,900

2,900

2,400

1,910

1,970

2,030

2,030

2,030

1,800

1,560

1,560

1,560

1 680

1,790

1,620

1,450

1,680

1,910

1,670

Aug.

1,430

1,180

1,150

1,180

1.120

1,140

864

1,120

1,000

918

1,190

891

1,030

1,090

864

855

672

1,170

570

882

946

964

900

891

891

519

793

955

900

882

846

Sept.

927

502

681

936

992

1,150

964

955

655

964

802

915

955

900

900

629

828

882

992

955

837

909

802

873

810

900

828

828

784

595

NOTE. Gage read only on alternate days; discharge interpolated for days of no gage reading, 

discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 4 to Apr. 19; discharge ascertained by applying to rating table gage 

height corrected for ice effect by means of three discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather 

records and by interpolation for days of no gage readings. Discharge for August and September computed 

from power-house records.

Monthly discharge of Flambeau River near Ladysmith, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 1,940 square miles]

Month

October.. _ - ______

November.. __.__ ............................

December... ___ .............................

February..... __________________

March _ ............ _____ ____ __ .

Anrfl . .........................

May ... __________________ 

June, i

Julyr:----.- . .............................

September __.__._ 

The year..... __________ ...

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

920 

2,150 

1,400 

840 

710 

1,000 

12,500 

6,000 

4,660 

2,900 

1,430 

1,150

12,500

Minimum

722 

805 

380 

560 

540 

435 

550 

1,670 

805 

1,450 

519 

502

380

Mean

820 

1,380 

861 

684 

613 

686 

4,220 

3,790 

2,430 

2,110 

961 

855

1,620

Per 

square 

mile

0.423 

.711 

.444 

.353 

.316 

.354 

2.18 

1.95 

1.25 

1.09 

.495 

.441

.835

Run-off 

in inches

0.49 

.79 

.51 

.41 

.33 

.41 

2.43 

2.25 

1.40 

1.26 

.57 

.49

11.34
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVEE BASIN 59

JUMP RIVER AT SHELDOBT, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 26, T. 33 N., R. 5 W., at highway bridge in Sheldon, Rusk 

County, 11 miles above mouth of river.

DHAINAGE ABEA. 510 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 ineh= 

6 miles).

RECOBDS AVAILABLE. July 22, 1915, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage bolted to downstream handrail of bridge; read by Elsa Dietze.

DISCHABGE MEASTJBEMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTBOL. Bed composed of heavy gravel, clean, and free from 

vegetation. Right bank high and not subject to overflow; left bank may. 

be overflowed occasionally.

EXTREMES OP DISCHABGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 10.55 feet 

7.30 p. m. April 20 (discharge, 12,800 second-feet); minimum discharge, 

estimated 25 second-feet December 16, 17, and January 10-18.

1915-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 11.48 feet March 26, 1920 (discharge, 15,600 second-feet, revised). Minimum discharge estimated about 

15 second-feet February 3-7, 1918, and February 1-4, 1922.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined between 75 and 13,000 second-feet. Gage read 

to quarter-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

mean daily gage height to rating table except for period in which stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, for which it was obtained by applying 

to rating table mean daily gage height corrected for ice effect by means of 

discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather records. Openwater records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Jump River at Sheldon, Wis., during the year ending

September 80, 1923

[Made by E. E. Foster]

Date

Oct. 11....:. ....

Jan. 11 ........

Gage 

height

3.00

«3.60

«3.67

Discharge

73.4

28

34

Date

Feb. 19..... ....

Apr. 20... ......

Gage 

height

-3.63

9.97

Discharge

40

11,000

Date

Apr. 20.. . ...

July 10 .........

Gage 

height

10.44

3.57

Discharge

12,500

313

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. 

76612 26 WSP 565 5
60 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Jump River at Sheldon, Wis., for the year ending

September 80, 1923

Day

1.. ______

2... _ . .......

3.-..--........

4.... ..........

5.. ............

6 ..............

7_.._i.___._...

8.... ..........

9 ___ . .......

10..... ,.. 

11.. . ..

12.. ............

13....... 

14 ..............

15.._._.___.__._

16 ___ . .......

17..............

18 ..............

19._...______._.

20 ......

21..............

22 ___ . .......

23 ___ . .......

24.......... ....

25..............

26..............

27 ..............

28 

29....... __ ...

3D.... ..........

31..............

Oct.

50

50

60

50

50

50

62

62

62

70

75

75

75

82

92

92

92

75

75

62

70

75

75

92

92

75

75

75

62

62

Nov.

70

75

82

92

100

116

127

146

146

166

186

208

380

380

355

330

305

430

760

840

800

800

760

720

575

540

485

458

458

430

Dec.

430

305

230

185

125

90

75

60

fin

45

45

35

35

30

30

25

25

35

35

35

35

35

35

35

40

45

45

45

454*;

45

Jan.

45

45

40

30

sn

30

30

30

on

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

30

30

30

35

35

35

35

35

30

30

30

30

30

Feb.

35

35

35

35

35

35

35

35

35

35

45

45

45

45

45

40

35

35

35

35

35

35

35

35

35

35

35

40

Mar.

45

50

50

50

50

55

60

60

60

70

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

> 75

80

90

100

110

Apr.

110

120

125

135

145

145

145

355

430

510

635

760

980

1,200

1,350

1,620

3,250

5,090

8,650

12,100

12,400

10,300

7,420

5,280

3,560

2,510

2,110

1,300

1,300

1,020

May

975

930

930

975

1,300

1,510

1,510

1,400

1,620

1,740

1,740

1,510

1,510

1,300

975

680

610

540

645

1,110

1,350

1,060

760

645

1,400

512

430

320

235

213

170

June

166

458

800

840

760

1,160

2,510

3,250

4,200

2,950

3,560

1,350

975

575

405

255

255

255

208

166

280

405

355

305

800

2,950

2,800

1,620

1,060

512

July

512

458

458

458

512

512

458

540

540

458

380

355

330

320

280

380

320

208

186

146

146

146

166

208

270

222

146

116

108

197

108

Aug.

100

92

92

75

70

62

50

50

50

50

55

50

50

62

55

50

50

62

75

^ 92

92

92

92

92

92

92

75

75

75

62

Sept.

62

62

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

43

43

35

35

35

35

35

43

47

50

75

92

92

92

75

75

50

50

50

50

sn

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 2 to Apr. 17.

Monthly discharge of Jump River at Sheldon, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 510 square miles]

Month

October ......................................

January __ .. ...............................

April.... _ .......... __ ..................

July.........................................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

92 

840 

430 

45 

45 

110 

12,400 

1,740 

4,200 

540 

100 

92

12,400

Minimum

50 

70 

25 

25 

35 

45 

110 

170 

166 

108 

50 

35

25

Mean

69.9 

377 

76.6 

30.6 

37.1 

71.1 

2,840 

987 

1,210 

309 

70.7 

54.2

508

Per square 

mile

a 137 

.739 

.150 

.0600 

.0727 

.139 

5.57 

1.94 

2.37 

.606 

.139 

.106

.996

Run-off in 

 inches

a 16 

.82 

.17 

.07 

.08 

.16 

6.21 

2.24 

2.64 

.70 

.16 

.12

13. 5»
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVEE BASIN 61

EAU CLAIRE RIVER NEAR AUGUSTA, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 12, T. 26 N., R. 6 E., at Trouble Water Bridge, 7 miles 

northeast of Augusta, Eau Claire County. South Fork of Eau Claire River 

enters from left 4 miles above station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 500 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch 6 miles) _

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 16, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage on downstream side of bridge; read by Albert Wagner.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or bywading at control 500 feet downstream from bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of stream at bridge and above is sandy and shifting; a short distance below gage channel narrows and a rock outcrop overlain with large boulders forms the control. Banks high and not subject 

to overflow.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 7.2 feet 9 a. m. 

April 14 (discharge, 3,800 second-feet); minimum discharge, estimated, 

25 second-feet February 5.

1914-1923: Maximum open-water stage recorded, 12.0 feet at 9 a. m. 

March 27, 1920 (discharge, 8,720 second-feet); minimum discharge, 3.5 

second-feet, January 27, 1918, by discharge measurement made through 

complete ice cover.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed somewhat during summer. Rating curve well defined. Gage read to quarter-tenths once daily except 

during winter when it was read three times a week. Daily discharge during 

open-water period ascertained by indirect method for shifting control as 

indicated by discharge measurements; for periods in which the stage-discharge relation was affected by ice it was obtained by applying to rating 

table gage height corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge 

measurements, observer's notes, and weather records. Gage readings only 

fair; records fair.

Discharge measurements of Eau Claire River near Augusta, Wis., during the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 13

Dec. 21

Made by 

.... -do.....-.. .__.-..

Gage 

height

Feet 

 0.15

«. 66

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

72

46

Date Made by 

S. B. Soule-.. .... 

Gage 

height

Feet 

«0.79

1.26

Discharge

Sec.-fl. 

56

334

« Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
62 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Eau Claire River near Augusta, Wis., for the year

ending September SO, 1923

Day

I... 

2 ....... 

3 

4 .... .

5 

6 

7 ..... ... ...

8 

9. .... .

10 

11 .

12 

13 

14 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28

29 

30- -- .-.

31

Oct.

122

118

108

98

88

79

88

98

88

88

88

88

83

102

102

114

118

114

114

108

102

98

98

88

88

83

83

83

83

83

83

Nov.

114

177

164

152

152

204

204

190

177

169

177

177

164

164

164

159

152

204

465

675

500

380

335

305

231

275

231

217

204

217

Dec.

-245

204

305

165

140

125

110

90

70

65

60

50

40

45

50

55

50

40

40

50

55

55

55

60

70

60

55

55

55

55

Jan.

60

60

50

45

45

45

45

45

45

45

45

45

45

45

50

55

50

45

40

40

40

40

40

45

50

55

55

55

55

70

7^

Peb.

80

60

35

30

25

35

45

50

55

50

40

40

35

35

30

30

35

35

40

40

45

45

45

45

45

45

45

55

Mar.

45

55

60

110

110

115

120

120

120

120

120

110

105

100

90

SO

80

70

65

60

60

80

100

165

215

205

215

165

150

130

110

Apr.

165

190

230

365

890

1,710

2,080

1,300

1,050

1,100

2,220

2,710

3,440

3,800

2,150

1,650

1,350

1,200

1,150

1,150

1,150

1,770

3,440

2,080

1,200

850

710

605

535

465

May

395

350

335

335

430

365

320

305

335

412

395

320

269

231

204

204

217

195

164

640

815

675

500

365

269

275

190

164

152

136

118

June

98

100

350

266

204

204

380

2,780

2,150

745

605

380

320

290

231

190

164

140

129

535

500

290

217

147

147

217

320

335

245

172

July

129

118

108

92

98

1,470

1,050

588

380

260

217

204

164

140

118

98

88

79

70

61

58

54

65

70

61

58

58

58

54

54

49

Aug.

46

46

40

36

36

34

46

54

49

40

36

40

36

34

34

34

32

32

32

32

46

58

46

44

36

34

46

61

61

58

49

Sept.

54

98

198

164

104

79

79

108

98

88

70

70

66

61

61

54

56

88

108

129

129

129

108

88

79

70

61

61

70

79

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 4 to Apr. 11.

Monthly discharge of Eau Claire River near Augusta, Wis., for the year ending

September 80, 192S

[Drainage area, 500 square miles]

Month

February _ _

May 

July 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

122 

675 

305 

75 

80 

215 

3,800 

815 

2,780 

1,470 

61 

198

3,800

Minimum

79 

114 

40 

40 

25 

45 

165 

118 

98 

49 

32 

54

25

Mean

96.1 

237 

84.8 

49.2 

42.7 

111 

1,420 

325 

429 

199 

42.2 

90.2

259

Per square 

mUe

0.192

.474 

.170 

.0984 

.0854 

.222 

2.84 

.650 

.858 

.398 

.0844 

.180

.518

Run-off 

in inches

0.22 

.53 

.20 ai

.09 

.26 

3.17 

.75 

.96 

.46 

.10 

.20

7.05
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 63

BED CEDAR RIVER NEAR COIFAX, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 27, T. 30 N., R. 11 W., at highway bridge 4J^ miles north of

Colfax, Dunn County. Hay River enters from right 11 miles below, and

Trout Creek, also from right, 3H miles above station. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,100 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch = 6

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 19, 1914, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream side of bridge; read by Andrew

Lundequam.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of rock and gravel; small amount of

grass growth during summer; left bank high and not subject to overflow;

right bank medium high and may be overflowed during extremely high

water; control not well denned. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.10 feet

at 5 p. m. April 14 (discharge, 4,590 second-feet); minimum discharge, 280

second-feet January 7 and 21.

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 6.95 feet at 8 a. m. March 26, 1920

(discharge, 7,610 second-feet); minimum open-water stage recorded, 0.61

foot December 18, 1921 (discharge, 233 second-feet), apparently caused by

temporary holding back of water by ice. 

REGULATION.2 The following dams and reservoirs are used to regulate flow in

Red Cedar River. Owing to operation of these reservoirs, the flow at the

station is not natural.

Reservoirs used to regulate flow of Red Cedar River

Dam

Bear Lake.. _...__

Sec. 24, T. 37 N

Sec. 21, T. 36 N

Sec. 25, T. 37 N

Sec. 7, T. 36 N.,

Location

, R. 11 W... .................. -.._- -.- 

, R. 10 W_... .......................................

, R. 10 W.._____ -._.....- . _. - 

R. 11 W.. ............. .............................

Capacity in millions of 

cubic feet

400

400

475

150

1,425

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by backwater from dam at 

Colfax. Rating curve fairly well defined, probably better at medium and 

high stages than at low. Gage read to quarter-tenths twice daily except 

during winter when it was read three times a week. Discharge ascertained 

by applying mean daily gage height to rating table except for period when 

stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, for which it was ascertained by 

applying to rating table gage height corrected for ice effect on basis of discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather records. Open-water 

records fair; winter records subject to considerable error.

Discharge measurements of Red Cedar River near Colfax, Wis., during the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Date

Dec. 20

Jan. 15

Made by 

E. E. Foster.. .........

..... do--... ..

Gage 

height

Feet 

"4.17

-3.10

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

553

578

Date

Feb. 20

Made by 

E. E. Foster..... _ ...

S. B. Soulfi - ...

Gage 

height

Feet 

"2.96

1.72

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

542

756

From data on file in Engineering Department of Railroad Commission of Wi«»consir. 

' Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
64 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Red Cedar River near Coif ax, Wis., for the year

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1 _ ...........

2. _ ..........

3 _ ...........

4..............

5 . ..........

6 ... .....

7 

8 

9....... .......

10 

11.. .........

12 __ ... __ ...

13...... ........

14 __ - _ .. ...

15 ............

16 

17 

18. __ .........

19 ...........

20 

21 . . .

22 __ ... __ ...

23 .........

24... _ .... ....

25.... .......

26 ___ ........

27 __ ..........

28 .........

29... ...........

30 __ . _ ......

31. .........

Oct.

495

550

550

642

745

675

550

610

610

610

610

522

495

445

495

610

610

610

610

675

470

710

675

610

610

610

476

342

550

Nov.

74 K

782

745

710

820

860

900

820

820

900

1,250

1,070

942

1,070

942

1,030

942

1,030

985

900

860

820

860

745

820

820

745

Dec.

820

710

745

630

400

570

630

555

480

465

450

510

565

535

465

425

495

565

520

480

440

420

400

390

380

370

355

Jan.

qoc

335

335

335

DOC

310

280

320

qcc

460

565

550

COC

565

550

520

CAR

390

280

320

OCR

370

380

415

450

480

505

570

630

Feb.

665

700

550

400

335

325

315

325

335

360

380

430

480

510

535

470

400

375

350

325

300

360

425

600

570

535

600

Mar.

665

685

700

720

740

760

775

720

665

630

600

570

535

480

425

425

425

460

505

460

425

360

300

350

400

480

560

640

720

800

880

Apr.

965

1,050

1,140

1,220

1,370

1,520

1,630

1,740

1,980

2,420

1,450

2,200

3,900

4,450

4,170

3,640

3,250

2,880

2,420

2,640

2,420

2,760

2,420

2,530

1,760

1,650

1,200

985

900

May

782

1,160

1,350

1,870

942

642

642

1,030

942

745

745

745

642

550

550

642

610

580

580

1,550

1,160

985

900

860

900

820

745

610

495

445

44.1

June

422

400

445

522

642

675

675

642

550

550

550

610

610

522

470

470

445

400

710

900

782

710

495

642

1,070

1,650

1,550

1,450

1,300

1,030

July

820

710

710

820

900

782

710

745

745

710

610

550

610

580

495

445

445

495

470

445

580

745

495

470

470

495

522

470

445

445

400

Aug.

580

445

470

445

445

445

422

422

470

495

445

422

422

422

470

445

<95

44E

4V'

422

422

422

422

580

400

400

400

400

422

422

380

Sept.

380

400

380

356

380

380

356

353

350

346

339

342

422

422

422

422

422

422

422

422

495

380

445

522

495

445

400

445

470

550

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 4 to Mar. 8. Gage not read Oct. 29, Aug. 13, and 

Sept. 16; discharge interpolated.

Monthly discharge of Red Cedar River near Colfax, Wis., for the year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 1,100 square miles]

Month

April 

July . .... . 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

745 

1,250 

820 

630 

700 

880 

4,450 

1,870 

1,650 

900 

580 

550

4,450

Minimum

342 

642 

355 

280 

300 

300 

900 

445 

400 

400 

380 

339

280

Mean

580 

883 

507 

433 

440 

576 

2,130 

828 

730 

591 

443 

413

712

Per 

square 

mile

0.527 

.803 

.461 

.394 

.400 

.524 

1.94 

.753 

.664 

.537 

.403 

.375

.647

Run-off 

in inches

0.61 

.90 

.53 

.45 

.42 

.60 

2.16 

.87 

.74 

.62 

.46 

.42

8.78
TJPPEB MISSISSIPPI EIVEE BASIN

RED CEDAR RIVER AT CEDAR FAILS, WIS.

LocATioNi In sec. 6, T. 28 N., R. 12 W. at highway bridge near Cedar Falls, 

Dunn County, immediately below power plant of Northern States Power Co. 

(formerly Wisconsin-Minnesota Light & Power Co.), 4^ miles above crossing of Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway.

DBAINAQE ABEA. 1,680 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch =6 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 1, 1909, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Staff, fastened to bridge pier; read by R. D. Wilsey and Chester Bolm.

DISCHABGE MEASUBEMENTS. No discharge measurements have been made at 

this station, which is maintained to determine fluctuation in stage.

CHANNEL AND CONTBOL. Channel rough and rocky, straight, and free from 

vegetation; banks high and are not overflowed.

EXTBEMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.9 feet at 6 p. m. 

April 15; minimum stage recorded 0.2 foot, May 6.

1909-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 7.2 feet March 25 and 26, 1920; 

minimum stage recorded, 0.0 foot March 11, 1918. Minimum stages are 

caused by closing gates and wheels at power plant in dam above station.

REGULATION. Operation of storage reservoirs in the headwaters of the river 

(see "Regulation "in station description for Red Cedar River at Coif ax, Wis.) 

and storage at power plant above gaging station regulates flow.

ACCURACY. Daily-discharge records are not computed or published for this 

station. To the best of knowledge stage-discharge relation is permanent. 

Gage is read twice daily to nearest tenth. There is considerable fluctuation, 

so that mean daily gage height as published probably does not present the 

average daily gage height.

COOPEBATION. Gage-height record furnished by Northern State Power Co.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Red Cedar River at Cedar Falls, Wis., for the year

ending September 80, 1923

Day

1... . ._ ...

2..... ___ . _

3..............

4. ..........

5... ...........

6... ...........

7..............

8........... ...

9. __ ........

10-......-.. .

11.... . __ ..

12 

13 ...........

14..............

15.. . .

16. _ __ . ...

17 . 

18..... 

19..............

20 

21 ..........

22 

23 __ ..........

24..............

25... ...........

26..............

27. ____ ......

28 ...... .

29..............

80... ..

31 .....

Oct.

2.35

3.2

3.25

3.25

3.25

3.15

3.35

2.1

3.55

3.4

3.45

3.4

3.35

3.6

1.9

3 3

3.35

3.3

3.5

3.45

3.6

2.75

3.4

3.5

3.45

3.4

3.5

3.7

1 Q

3.55

3,6

Nov.

3.5

3.45

3.45

3.55

2.05

3.5

3.4

3.5

3.55

3.45

3.5

1.8

3.55

3.6

3.6

3.65

3.6

3.5

1.95

a 45

3.6

3.55

3.45

Dec.

3.65

3.5

1.8

3.45

3.4

3.6

3.45

3.5

3.6

2.0

3.45

3.5

3.6

3.55

3.5

3.45

2.05

3.5

3.4

3.45

3.35

3.4

a 35

1.9

2.7

3.45

3.5

3.4

3.5

3.35

1.8

Jan.

2.4

2.65

2.6

2.55

2.7

2.7

1.52

2.5

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.72

2.62

1.8

2.75

2.7

2.75

2.62

2.7

2.72

1.6

2.6

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.7

2.7

1.15

2.8

2 8

9 a

Feb.

3.05

2.85

2.85

.95

2.9

2.66

2.75

2.65

2.5

3.0

1.2

3.1

3.0

2.98

3.05

2.85

3.0

1.15

3.05

2.65

2.6

2.65

3.0

2.95

1.15

2.6

2.65

2.6

Mar.

2.55

2.65

2.75

.9

2.8

2.65

3.1

9 7

2.55

2.75

1.05

2.95

3.1.

2.85

2.9

2.95

3.05

1.45

3.05

3.2

3.25

2.8

2.85

2.85

1.15

2.65

2.75

3.0

2.6

2.65

2.75

Apr.

.95

3.9

4.5

4.85

4.85

4.75

4.6

3.13

4.45

3.7

3.65

3.8

4.8

5.4

5.85

5.35

5.1

5.05

5.2

5.0

4.9

3.05

4.9

4.65

4.0

4.05

3.9

3.8

2.55

3.9

May

3.6

3.45

3.25

3.2

3.1

.2

2.8

2.8

2.3

2.6

2.9

1.6

2.0

2.9

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.0

3.4

3.4

3.1

3.1

2.9

2.9

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.5

June

2,4

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.6

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.7

2.7

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

3.9

4.0

4.0

3.9

July

2.7

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.6

1.0

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

1.3

2.4

2.4

2.2

2.1

2.2

2.2

1.0

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.2

1.1

2.3

2.3

Aug.

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

1.2

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.3

1.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

1.0

2.5

2.6

2.4

2.5

2.5

Sept.

2.4

1.1

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

1.1

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.6

2.6

2.6

1.0

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.5

1.1

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.6

2.6

2.4

1.2
66 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V 

RED CEDAR RIVER AT MENOMONIE, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 26, T. 28 N., E. 13 W., 900 feet below power house of Wisconsin-Minnesota Light & Power Co., Menomonie, Dunn County, 13 miles 

above mouth of river. Wilson Creek discharges from right into service 

reservoir just above station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,810 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological & Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 16, 1907, to September 5, 1908; May 9, 1913, to 

September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Barrett & Lawrence water-stage recorder installed May 9, 1913, on 

right bank of river 1 mile above site of old gage attached to a highway 

bridge 200 rods west of Chicago & Northwestern Railway station west of 

Menomonie, which was read from June 16, 1907, to September 5, 1908. 

No relation between data of the two gages. Gage inspected by Ed. Kausrud.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge 1 mile below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed at gage composed of heavy gravel. Left bank 

high and not subject to overflow; right bank of medium height and will be 

overflowed at flood stages. Bed at measuring section sandy and subject to 

shift; banks high at measuring section and not subject to overflow.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.70 feet at 

10 p. m. April 14 (discharge, 8,120 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.55 feet 

during August 6 (discharge, 320 second-feet).

1907-8; 1913-1923: Maximum discharge, 14,000 second-feet March 26, 

1920; minimum discharge, 100 second-feet November 8, 1907. Minimum 

discharge is due to regulation and does not represent the natural flow.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Considerable diurnal fluctuation in stage at gage is caused by 

operation of power plants of Wisconsin-Minnesota Light & Power Co. at 

Menomonie and Cedar Falls. (See also "Regulation" in station description 

for Red Cedar River at Colfax, Wis.)

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year. Rating curve only 

fairly well defined. Operation of water-stage recorder not very satisfactory; 

observer's record of settings of the pencil on recorder sheet somewhat confused and unreliable. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to rating 

table mean daily gage height determined from inspection of recorder graph. 

Records poor.

The following discharge measurement was made by S. B. Soule": 

June 11, 1923: Gage-height, 2.15 feet; discharge, 650 second-feet.
T7PP1B MISSISSIPPI BIVBE BASIN

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Red Cedar Riier at Menomonie, Wis., for the 

year ending September 30, 1928

Day

1 _____ ...

2

3 - 

4 ____ 

S 

6 

7 

8 ____

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 ......

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 __

22 

23 

24 _ 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

Oct.

806

1,000

1,010

746

890

990

1,040

806

1,030

1,130

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,150

725

798

1,010

890

1,080

890

1,020

675

866

1,050

830

866

1,020

832

726

QKK

638

Nov.

638

675

890

832

675

955

1,150

1,290

1,430

1,150

1,360

1,220

1,360

776

1,150

1,220

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,360

1,290

1,020

832

890

832

955

775

1,020

1,150

890

Dec.

1,080

890

698

1, 150

1,150

1,080

1,020

1,220

890

775

775

890

898

775

770

890

832

775

890

890

832

775

890

77K

725

890

500

832

675

832

675

Jan.

725

725

775

775

832

775

890

910

832

832

1,220

890

890

1,150

955

890

775

776

955

675

776

832

955

832.

1,220

1,220

890

890

1,290

1,020

1,080

Feb.

1,080

1,020

832

600

775

890

890

1,220

832

1,020

955

1,080

955

832

775

738

600

675

1,020

1,360

1,430

1,150

1,080 ;l;29&v;

1 fKJA

1,080

955

832

Mar.

1,220

1,150

1,020

1,080

1, 150

1,290

1,020

955

1,020

955

955

890

1,080

1,220

1,290

1,080

1,020

832

1,220

1 1 5A

955

955

1,050

 9S5

955

1 080

1,150

1,020

1,020 fcon

955

Apr.

890

1,080

2,350

2,030

2,030

2,700

2,700

9 7flfl

2,700"

2,520

2,190

3,460

6,110

7,740

7,740

6,110

4. 9Qft

4 9QO

4,070

3,460

4,290

3,460

3,260

3,260

3,070

9 7nn

2,350

2,030

1,580

o A3ft

May

1,580

1,580

1,730

1,730

1 430

770

1,430

1,150

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

890

1,150

1,150

1,150

1,150

1,150

1,430

2,030

1,580

1 430

1*430

1,150

1,020

1 430

1,730

1,150

1,290

June

1,150

890

890

1,150

1,150

1,430

1,730

1,430

1,430

890

1,430

1,150

890

1,020

1,020

1,020

890

1,030

1,150

1,150

1,580

1,580

1,730

1,730

1,730

1,730

1,730

2,030

2,190

2,030

July

2,030

1,880

1,430

1,020

1,730

1,730

1,430

1,020

1,150

890

890

1,020

890

725

675

775

638

638

675

675

540

AOfi

480

465

540

540

516

455

360

380

360

Aug.

360

360

360

360

340

320

360

360

360

430

430

405

510

540

540

570

570

540

540

675

600

638

638

4fU>

480

AQa

725

638

600

600

600

Sept.

540 dsn

540

675

660

600

638

600

725 890

775

890

570

540

- 570

540

570

455

455

405

405

360

360

510

570

725

675

675

638

540

Monthly discharge of Red Cedar River at Menomonie, Wis., for the ye&r ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 1,810 square miles]

Month

October.. ___________________

January... __________________

March _____________________

April........................................

May.-- 

June _____________________ Joly ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 

August.. ___________________

Discharge in second-feet '

Maximum

1,150 

1,430 

1,220 

1,290 

1,430 

1,290 

7,740 

2,030 

2,190 

2,030 

725 

890

7,740

Minimum

638 

638 

500 

675 

600 

832 

890 

770 

890 

360 

320 

360

320

Mean

930 

1,060 862' 

911 

966 

1,050 

3,310 

1,300 

1,360 

870 

495 

584

1,140

Per 

wm* 

mile

a 514 

.586 

.476 

. 03 

.534 

.580 

1.83 

.718 

.751 

.481 

.273 

.323

.630

Run-off 

in inches

0.59 

. 5 

.55 

.58 

.56 

.67 

2.04 

.83 

.84 

.55 

.31 

.36

8.53

76612 26 WSP 565 6
SURFACE ^ATEE-SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

BLACK RIVER AT WEILLSVILLE, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 15, T. 24 N., R. 2 W., at lower highway bridge in Neillsville, 

Clark County. O'Neill Creek enters from left 1 mile above gage and 

Cunningham Creek, also from left, 1J^ miles below.

DRAINAGE AREA. 774 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 6, 1905, to March 31, 1909; December 11, 1913, to 

September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to downstream side of highway bridge; read by 

A. Bissell.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of heavy gravel and rock. Control at 

head of rapids, a few hundred feet below gage. Banks high and rocky; 

water will not overflow banks at gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 10.1 feet at 

5 p. m. April 22 (discharge, 6,830 second-feet); minimum discharge estimated, 

15 second-feet February 4.

1905-1909; 1913-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 19.8 feet June 6, 1905 

(discharge, about 29,400 second-feet). The maximum discharge, which 

occurred October 6, 1911, probably exceeded 29,000 second-feet, although 

data are not available regarding stage at gage during this flood. Minimum 

discharge estimated as 5 second-feet during month of February, 1918.

REGULATION. Several dams on Black River and tributaries upstream from 

Neillsville are used to create a head for developing power. Operation of 

these plants causes a slight diurnal fluctuation at gage, especially during 

winter when flow is at a minimum.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected 

by ice. Rating curve well defined between 28 and 15,000 second-feet. Gage 

read to quarter-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

mean daily gage height to rating table except as explained in footnote to 

table of daily discharge. Open-water records good except at extremely 

low stages, for which they are fair; winter records poor.

Discharge measurements of Black River at Neillsville, Wis., during the year ending

September 80, 1923

[Made by Ei. E. Foster]

Date

Jan. 17 ......._........._.__

Gage 

height

Feet

a 9 QO

"2.75

Discharge

Sec.-jt. 

23

27

Date

Feb. 22.......................

June 29 ____________

Gage 

height

Feet 

"3.55

4.27

Discharge

Sec.-/*. 

20

662

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVBB BASIN

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Black River at Neillsville, Wis., for the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1.. ....... .....

2........ _ ...

3. -. ____

4..............

5..............

6..............

7......... _ ..

8..............

9... ...........

10..............

11.... . ...

12..............

13 __ .........

14...... ........

15.. .... ....

16..............

17..............

18. ........

19....... .......

20 

21 .........

22..............

23 

24 ...........

25. .

26 

27 

28.. . .

29 .........

30 -...

31... . .

Oct.

49

41

46

35

33

33

36

42

41

49

36

38

41

42

44

47

52

51

55

55

62

63

56

44

44

51

46

46

50

51

51

Nov.

46

62

60

62

63

105

78

75

78

92

82

81

90

105

112

104

93

190

345

460

520

460

345

250

160

165

165

142

134

134

Dec.

165

108

147

165

200

220

105

110

70

45

35

25

30

25

25

25

25

25

20

20

20

25

25

25

25

30

30

35

35

35

30

Jan.

30

35

35

30

30

30

30

30

35

30

30

30

30

30

35

25

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

35

35

40

40

40

40

Feb.

40

40

30

15

20

20

25

25

25

25

25

25

30

25

20

20

20

20

20

25

25

25

25

25

OC

25

30

30

Mar.

30

30

125

125

160

160

75

65

95

80

85

65

75

65

55

55

50

55

45

40

35

205

160

160

1 Cfl

125

115

80

80

80

60

Apr.

55

145

295

460

710

950

1,290

1,570

1,980

2,460

3,260

3,680

5,320

3,910

3,260

2,960

3,060

3,160

4,160

4,850

5,480

6,650

5,320

3,680

2,360

1,720

1,360

1,150

870

655

 -

May

580

500

440

420

580

630

540

480

520

580

680

655

560

420

362

345

320

280

440

870

1,010

940

710

520

362

295

250

190

165

130

112

June

114

105

86

90

380

235

2,460

3,260

2,260

1,500

1,150

838

740

940

605

400

265

220

149

460

870

> 630

420

265

220

520

1,150

870

605

420

July

280

220

151

190

870

2,960

1,800

940

520

345

280

265

190

151

119

98

81

72

60

51

49

47

51

49

43

75

98

78

65

60

49

Aug.

47

43

44

44

43

41

36

42

39

35

36

35

35-

33

32

31

31

31

32

33

30

33

33

31

36

49

60

75

60

51

47

Sept.

49

53

47

46

51

51

43

41

38

43

36

43

42

41

41

38

43

72

67

93

98

87

76

72

65

60

58.

105

56

52

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 4 to Apr. 10; daily discharge ascertained by means 

of gage heights, three discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather records.

Monthly discharge of Black River at Neillsville, Wis., for the year ending September

[Drainage area, 774 square miles]

Month

October. __ .. _____ ___ ........

November _ ______ _______

December ___ ... ..........................

February. ____________ _____

AprU... ..............................

June ____________________

July.........................................

August. .....................................

September _______ ___________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

63 

520 

220 

40 

40 

205 

6,650 

1,010 

3,280 

2,960 

75 

105

6,650

Minimum

33

46 

20 

25 

15 

30 

55 

112 

86 

43 

30 

36

15

Mean

46.1 

162 

61.5 

32.1 

25.2 

89.8 

2,560 

480 

741 

332 

40.3 

56.9

383

Per 

square 

mile

0.060 

.209 

.079 

.041 

.033 

.116 

3.31 

.620 

.957 

.429 

.052 

.074

.495

Run-off 

in inches

0.07 

.2S 

.09 

.05 

, .03 

.13 

3.69 

.71 

1.07 

.49 

.06 

.08

6.70
70 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

LA CROSSE RIVEE NEAR WEST SALEM, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 32, T. 17 N., R. 6 W., at highway bridge 2 miles west of

West Salem, La Crosse County, and 10 miles above mouth of river. Dutch

Creek enters from right 6 miles above station. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 412 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch = 6

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. December 22, 1913, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Chain attached to concrete guardrail on upstream side of bridge; read

by J. R. Carlson. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached and

by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of heavy gravel and rock. Right bank

high and not subject to overflow; left bank above the gage low, and subject

to overflow at flood stages. Channel free from vegetation; control for low

stages a rock riffle with a fall of 6 inches. Control is apparently drowned

out at a stage of about 2.2 feet, as shown by a reversal in the rating curve.

Control is filled in with silt which leaks through dam above, causing a shifting

control. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.80 feet at

7 a. m. and 6 p. m. April 4 (discharge, 2,240 second-feet); minimum discharge

estimated 100 second-feet December 17 and February 11.

1913-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 8.45 feet at 6 p. m. March 16, 191&

(discharge, about 3,620 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.75 foot at 7 a. m.

September 3, 1921 (discharge, 96 second-feet). 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice. 

REGULATION. Diurnal fluctuation at gage, amounting at low stages to from

0.10 to 0.40 foot, is caused by operation of power plants, especially the

Neshonoc Dam a few miles above the station. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed considerably during summer of

1923. Rating curve, well defined between 175 and 2,300 second-feet.

Gage read to quarter-tenths twice daily. Some diurnal fluctuation at low

stages. Daily discharge determined by shifting-control method as indicated

by discharge measurements. Records poor.

Discharge measurements of La Crosse River near West Salem, Wis., during the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 7

Feb. 23

Made by 

.. do ._. 

 do. 

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.47

"2.02

« 2. 59

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

203

203

185

Date

Apr. 5

5

Made by 

S. B. Soule. ... ..

..... do....... ... ..... ...

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.86

1.48

1.56

Dischargo

Sec.-ft. 

1,290

229

246

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 71

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of La Crosse River near West Salem, Wis., for the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1.. _ ...... .

Z. ......... ....

3. ......... ....

4 

5, ____ . ....

6. .. ........ 

7.. ........ .

8..... ... ......

9... 

10 

11 . 

12 __ ..... _ ..

13. 

14. __ ...... _

15... ____ _

16 

17 

18 

19 . 

20 

21 

22 

23 -

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 . 

30 

31 

Oct.

170

187

193

177

181

170

193

164

181

164

162

151

156

162

162

173

181

181

184

206

209

156

184

184

187

181

177

193

158

179

212

Ndv.

206

248

244

216

196

241

288

248

234

219

219

187

216

219

241

226

187

216

187

200

209

193

200

209

193

164

196

216

216

184

Dec.

206

209

177

216

268

268

219

156

288

212

180

135

160

160

150

140

100

135

150

160

130

115

160

120

140

170

195

170

170

180

150

Jan.

170

160

170

170

150

180

135

180

195

195

170

180

180

180

210

180

170

170

195

160

135

170

170

195

195

180

150

135

170

195

195

Feb.

180

170

140

110

150

170

130

130

140

135

100

160

140

170

140

135

140

110

170

160

180

160

170

170

140

310

310

395

Mar.

835

890

1,230

1,120

945

660

460

350

350

370

370

680

615

350

290

180

180

230

150

140

370

640

680

660

460

370

395

330

575

595

678

Apr.

595

749

1,800

2,240

1,350

1,000

862

715

638

573

678

749

616

438

288

288

248

248

230

244

288

308

528

461

308

268

248

234

193

223

May

'209

200

206

187

206

173

187

200

200

196

203

190

170

200

196

200

226

216

248

328

506

328

268

248

237

237

184

212

226

190

193

June

212

209

170

184

248

288

461

350

328

268

308

288

219

308

288

234

181

234

226

244

308

308

288

190

715

638

595

416

328

328

July

212

288

288

206

212

219

212

173

234

230

193

187

184

184

149

200

200

200

181

179

187

139

181

193

181

173

187

203

371

187

203

Aug.

184

187

187

193

149

193

193

179

190

177

177

144

181

179

175

168

166

168

131

164

209

200

193

187

187

156

193

193

193

196

193

Sept.

190

168

230

244

196

193

179

187

147

190

196

190

179

179

170

131

175

177

170

237

308

308

216

248

216

216

223

203

209

146

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 11 to Mar. 30.

Monthly discharge of La Crosse River near West Salem, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 412 square miles]

Month

April. -

July 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

212 

288 

288 

210 

395 

1,230 

2,240 

506 

715 

371 

209 

308

2,240

Minimum

151 

164 

100 

135 

100 

140 

193 

170 

170 

139 

131 

131

100

Mean

178 

214 

174 

174 

168 

521 

587 

225 

312 

204 

180 

201

262

Per.

square 

mile

0.432 

- .519 

.422 

.422 

.408 

1.26 

1.42 

.546 

.757 

.495 

.437 

.488

.636

Run-off 

in inches

0.50

.58 

.49 

.49 

.42 

1.45 

1.58 

.63 

.84 

.57 

.50 

.54

8.59
72 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V 

UPPER IOWA RIVER NEAR DECORAH, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 13, T. 98 N., R. 8 W., 500 feet above highway bridge in 

Freeport, 3 miles below Decorah, Winneshiek County, and 4 miles above 

upper power plant of Interstate Power Co. Nearest tributary, Trout Run, 

enters from right 1 mile above station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 560 square miles (measured on United States Geological 

Survey map; scale, 1:500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 27, 1913 to November 21, 1914; May 12, 1919, 

to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day graphic water-stage recorder on left bank 500 feet 

above highway bridge, attended by Mrs. W. D. Gross. Prior to August 28, 

1920, chain gage attached to highway bridge used.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge and by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. A rock ledge probably forms a permanent control.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.85 feet at 

noon, April3 (discharge, 6,760 second-feet); minimum discharge, about 21 

second-feet February 15.

1913-14; 1919-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, 14,700 second-feet 

February 22, 1922; minimum discharge, that of February 15, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice for short periods during extremely 

cold weather.

REGULATION. Several mills in Decorah may cause slight diurnal fluctuation.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation fairly permanent. Rating curve well 

defined between 100 and 12,000 second-feet. Operation of water-stage 

recorder satisfactory. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to rating 

table mean daily gage height obtained by inspection of recorder-graph 

(except as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records good.

Discharge measurements of Upper Iowa River near Decorah, Iowa, during the 

year ending September SO, 1923

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Feb.20-. - - -----

Gage 

height

Feet 

"1.85

1.65

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

41

92

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Upper Iowa River near Decorah, Iowa, for the 

year ending September 80, 192S

Day

1 .

2 __ . ___ ...

3. .... ... ...

4 ________

5 ...........

6 ..... ...

7. ..........

8 __ 

10 - - 

11 ____ ... .

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 __ 

17 -

is

10

20 

21

22 

23 

24 

25

26 .... .

27 __ 

28 

29 ____ .

30 

31 

Oct.

93

86

86

82

78

88

113

125

108

104

91

88

86

86

91

80

84

84

88

88

93

88

91

93

88

86

86

97

97

86

102

Nov.

118

128

128

125

118

123

128

120

113

111

104

106

116

120

108

108

108

108

106

102

104

95

88

84

84

93

99

82

82

91

Dec.

86

76

86

97

104

95

111

118

95

86

82

82

82

80

79

78

77

75

70

73

75

76

77

78

70

 80

82

82

84

84

80

Jan.

84

74

74

72

70

76

68

74

76

78

74

78

76

70

78

78

78

70

86

78

84

88

86ftj.

84

80

84

84

99

82

80

Feb.

74

64

57

52

50

54

59

64

64

64

61

54<so

26

21

27

37

40

40

41

52

84

130

204

AW

1,150

632

AQ1

Mar.

535

890

770

330

217

234

220

187

231

392

557

440

252

197

125

118

inn

120

163

256

TOO

557

KCO

40ft

486

602

590

860

1,090

890

Apr.

1,060

2,610

6,650

5,310

2,310

1,230

920

596

475

486

4Sn

374

356

296

321

300

276

296

292

300

317

383

347

330

330

330

313

280

268

Ma.y

242

227

232

204

187

184

178

175

175

172

169

172

135

106

111

108

108

106

108

111

106

102

97

QQ

95

97

93

04

88

84

84.

June

84

82

91

88

82

80

84

86

86

86

86

85

85

85

85

84

84

84

84

84

163

144

144

144

128

106

97

111

97

July

95

93

90

88

85

82

80

80

82

276

118

125

95

84

84

82

82

82

84

80

80

80

78

80

78

76

76

sn

72

64

62

Aug.

62

68

66

62

61

59

64

62

54

57

64

57

56

54

52

54

64

57

54

61

68

61

61

56

54

50

61

54

57

61

88

Sept.

172

99

80

106

122

88

88

86

88

82

76

72

68

66

66

66

68

66

130

152

125

108

104

102

97

95

93

01

296

200

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 15-28, Feb. 2-23, Mar. 18 and 19; daily discharge 

determined from gage heights corrected for effect of ice by means of one discharge measurement and 

.weather records. Daily discharge interpolated June 10-15 and July 1-6.

Monthly discharge of Upper Iowa River near Decorah, Iowa, for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 560 square miles]

Month

May

July,.. _ .. . __ . _ . . .. . .

Discharge in second-feet

M*aximum

125 

128 

118 

99 

1,150 

1,090 

6,650 

242 

163 

276 

88 

296

6,650

Minimum

78 

82 

70 

68 

21 

100 

268 

84 

80 

62 

50 

66

21

Mean

91.5 

107 

84.2 

78.9 

. 150 

426 

937 

137 

97.8 

90.1 

60.0 

105

196

Per square 

mile

a 163 

.191 

.150 

.141 

.268 

.761 

1.67 

.245 

.175 

.161 

.107 

.188

.350

Run-off 

in inches

0.19 

.21 

.17 

.16 

.28 

.88 

1.86 

.28 

.20 

.19 

.12 

.21

4.75
74 SUBFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

WISCONSIN RIVER AT WHIRIPOOI RAPIDS, WEAR RHINEIANDER, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 4, T. 35 N., R. 8 E., at head of Whirlpool Rapids, 1 mile 

below mouth of outlet of Crescent Lake, entering from right and 3 miles 

downstream from power station of Rhinelander Power Co., 10 miles southwest of Rhinelander, Oneida County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,160 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch= 

6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 15, 1915, to September 30, 1923. December 

1, 1905, to September 30, 1915, records were collected at a station 3 miles 

upstream.

GAGE. Stevens continuous water-stage recorder on right bank.

DISCHAKGE MEASUKEMENTS. Made from cable 150 feet above gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of stream composed of heavy gravel and rock. 

Banks medium high and not subject to overflow. Control is head of rapids, 

100 feet downstream from gage; well defined and permanent.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.24 feet at 

11 a. m. April 23 (discharge, 4,590 second-feet); minimum stage recorded 

1.18 feet at 8 p. m. August 5 (discharge, 345 second-feet).

1905-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 5.61 feet at 10 p. m. April 22, 

1916 (discharge, 5,250 second-feet); minimum discharge, no flow, at old 

station during August and September, 1907, and June, 1908. The minimum flow is caused almost entirely by regulation and at the present location probably will never be zero. Minimum stage at present location, 0.65 

foot at 8 p. m. July 7, 1918 (discharge, 165 second-feet).

REGULATION. Above the station are 14 reservoirs 3 which are operated by 

the Wisconsin Valley Improvement Co. for the purpose of regulating the 

flow of Wisconsin River. The aggregate capacity of these reservoirs is 

2.8 billion cubic feet during summer and 3.6 billion cubic feet during 

winter.

In addition to above reservoirs, there are on the Wisconsin River above 

this station three power plants. Owing to operation of these various storage 

reservoirs and service reservoirs in connection with the power plants, flow 

at station is not natural.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined 

throughout. Recording gage operating satisfactorily except during winter 

and about 15 per cent of open-water periods. For periods when recording 

gage records were available daily discharge was obtained by use of discharge integrator; during periods when stage-discharge relation was affected by ice or gage was not in operation, daily discharge was obtained" 

from gage readings, weather records, and one discharge measurement at 

Hat Rapids. Open-water records when recording gage was in operation 

excellent; other recor.ds fair.

Discharge measurements of Wisconsin River at Whirlpool Rapids, near Rhinelander, Wis., during the year ending September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 24

Jan. 14

July 23

Made by 

8. B. SouM- ........ _ __"_. . . . ..... ;"."""."

J. H. Olson. __________________ . __ . .......................

E. E. Foster ______________ ........... __ .... ____ . .......

Gage 

height

Feet 

2. 19

"1.70

2.62

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

88ft

a 272

1,160

8 Information concerning these reservoirs, based on maps and data furnished by W. E. Brooks, 'manager of the Wisconsin Valley Improvement Co.; and data collected by the engineering department of the 

Kailroad Commission of Wisconsin, is contained in United States Geological Survey Water-Supply 

Paper 405, p. 127.

« Gage height and discharge at Hat Kapids.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVEE BASIIST

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wisconsin River at Whirlpool Rapids, near 

Rhinelander, Wis., for the year ending September SO, 1923

Day

I... ... ... -

2...... ........

Z. .............

4.. .......... ..

5.. .........

6 - 

7. ...... _ ....

8 ..... 

9... .... .......

10 . -

11 . 

12 

13 

14 

15 -

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 ......

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29- . 

30. ........

31. _ ..........

Oct.

640

554

762

827

1,070

731

822

718

570

900

786

744

725

646

538

696

851

795

835

834

926

584

720

770

939

973

1,020

966

522

728

982

Nov.

1,090

856

948

946

636

726

1,020

1,000

854

876

890

840

505

915

865

840

868

854

668

682

870

74/1

780

880

924

698

634

845

836

74fl

Dec.

SOS

8S2

680.

548

627

985

882

865

840

800

755

820

840

840

865

77 %

585

1,040

960

QQfl

800

800

1,040

595

71 f.

935

820

800

QfiC

985

Jan.

585

755

840

775

735

800

755

585

800

800

755

840

820

820

570

QIO

800

985

890

840

775

585

840

820

775

800

840

865

585

840

890

Feb.

800

800

840

840

610

755

890

800

 800

840

865

610

890

840

800

935

935

1,060

585

935

890

985

755

935

1,090

570

1,150

1,040

Mar.

1,010

985

935

910

585

890

935

890

935

910

1,120

585

935

840

800

77 f.

77%

530

son

755

71 %

7%%

735

820

530

840

755

715

715

Apr.

800

545

890

755

715

715

715

1,010

585

840

840

735

735

715

800

530

890

960

980

1,300

2,330

4,000

3,780

3,500

4,080

4,020

4,100

4,200

3,120

2,700

May

2,340

2,350

2,390

2,520

2,810

1,660

1,700

1,050

1,760

1,800

1,750

1,710

1,350

1,510

1,600

1,580

1,570

1,400

1,370

988

1,100

1,420

1,360

1,320

1,270

1,200

728

880

1,140

1,040

1,240

June

1,100

990

1,100

600

1,140

1,100

1,480

1,830

1,680

2,120

1,560

2,120

2,060

2,220

2,400

3,450

1,860

1,890

1,650

1,750

2,120

1,820

2,310

2,790

2,120

1,800

1,850

1,850

1,710

1,580

July

1,640

1,510

1,410

1,440

1,260

1,310

1,390

1,040

1,110

1,320

1,280

1,270

1,330

1,380

1,410

1,440

1,420

1,350

1, 510

1,540

1,400

1,180

1,120

1,270

1,140

1,120

1,040

884

694

773

1,040

Aug.

985

918

840

746

466

741

930

976

949

1,010

1,010

637

736

1,020

926

720

728

766

618

802

1,050

900

688

838

1,050

563

647

849

936

942

984

Sept.

972

942

1,100

M92

1,080

967

' 980

1,210

748

935

1,090

1,080 tei%5

1,270

910

866

725

1,000

1,000

965

890

873

1,060

632

850

847

855

800

832

770

NOTE. Gage not operating on account of ice conditions Dec. 3, 6, and Dec. 8 to Apr. 21; stagedischarge relation affected by ice the greater part of this period. Gage not operating satisfactorily Nov. 

11-16, May 29 to June 16, and Sept. 13-21. Daily discharge based on a study of gage heights at Hat 

Rapids power plant as compared with flow at station.

Monthly discharge of Wisconsin River at Whirlpool Rapids, near Rhinelander, 

Wis., for the year ending September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 1,160 square miles]

Month

October... ____ .. _____________

December _____ . ........................

January, _____ ___ ................

February ....................................

March __ _____ ______________

May. .....................................

July......... ................................

August ......................................

September.. ____ .. ____________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,070 

1,090 

1,040 

985 

1,150 

1,120 

4,200 

2,810 

3,450 

1,640 

1,050 

1,270

4,200

Minimum

522 

505 

548 

570 

570 

530 

530 

728 

600 

694 

466 

632

466

Mean

780 

828 

813 

783 

' 852 

810 

1,730 

1,550 

1,800 

1,260 

838 

937

1,080

Per square 

mile

0.672 

.714 

.701 

.675 

.734 

.698 

1.49 

1.34 

1.55 

1.09 

.722 

.808

.931

Run-off 

in inches

a 77

.80 

.81 

.78 

.76 

.80 

1.66 

1.54 

1.73 

1.26 

.83 

,90-

12.64
76 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

WISCONSIN RIVER AT HERRHI, WIS.

LOCATION. At highway bridge at east end of Merrill, Lincoln County, 1,000 

feet below power house of Merrill plant of Wisconsin Valley Lighting Co., 

and half a mile below mouth of Prairie River, which enters from left.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,630 square miles (measured on Wisconsin Geological and 

Natural History Survey map, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 16, 1902, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley water-stage recorder installed July 1, 1923, which replaced a 

Stevens water-stage recorder installed September 11, 1914; November 16, 

1902, to June 17, 1903, staff gage; June 17, 1903, to September 10, 1914, 

chain gage attached to downstream side of highway bridge; datum same 

since June 17, 1903; records prior to this date questionable. Recorder inspected by O. F. Lueck.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge a few feet upstream 

from gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of river composed of heavy gravel and rock; 

nearly permanent. Small island below gage and small rapids on either side 

probably constitute control. Banks fairly high and are seldom overflowed.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 11.87 feet at 

noon April 22 (discharge, 20,700 second-feet). Minimum discharge about 

365 second-feet at 1 a. m. February 13; caused by regulation.

1902-1923: Maximum stage recorded, about 17.5 feet at 5 a. m. July 24, 

1912 (discharge, 45,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.45 feet September 

26, 1908 (discharge, about 90 second-feet). During the 24 hours preceding 

the maximum discharge, 11.25 inches of rain fell near Merrill. According 

to C. B. Stewart, consulting engineer, Madison, the run-off of the 700 

square miles between Merrill and Tomahawk was at the rate of 65 secondfeet per square mile. If the estimate is extended to the entire area above 

Merrill, the flow was 17 second-feet per square mile.

REGULATION. Above the gaging station are 17 reservoirs,4 which are operated 

by Wisconsin Valley Improvement Co. for the purpose of regulating the 

flow in Wisconsin River. The aggregate capacity of these reservoirs is 

6J4 billion cubic feet. In addition to the above reservoirs, there are on the 

Wisconsin and Tomahawk Rivers above the station eight dams operated 

for power.

ACCURACT. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected 

by ice. Rating curve well developed between 1,000 and 19,400 second-feet. 

Operation of water-stage recorder excellent throughout year. Daily discharge determined by means of discharge integrator with correction for 

effect of ice during winter. Open-water records excellent; winter records 

good.

Discharge measurements of Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis., during the year ending

September SO, 1928

Date

Oct. 25

Jan. 11

Feb. 21

Made by 

E. E. Foster...........

. .do..................

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.32

0 4.84

°5.02

Discharge

Sec.-ft. i ion

1,400

1,510

Date

Apr. 24

Made by 

S. B. Souie,. -------

Gage 

height

Feet 

9.44

6.29

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

12,800

4,420

* Information concerning these reservoirs; based on maps and data furnished by the manager of Wisconsin 

Valley Improvement Co., and data collected by the engineering department of the Wisconsin Railroad 

Commission, is contained in U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 405, p 127.

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVEII BASIN 77

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of the Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis., for the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Day

1 _______

2 _________

3-..-. ,.....

4........... ...

5-.-. .-.. ....

6 ......... ..

7..............

8 .

9.. ...... ......

10 ... __ ....

11. 

12.... __ ......

13..............

14..............

15.. ............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19 ...

20. .

21 

22 ___ .. .......

23 .

24. _ ..........

25..., ...

26...... ........

27 ..

28- _ .........

29..... .........

30 

31. _____ . ....

Oct.

930

1,100

1,500

1,350

1,430

1,610

1,710

1,680

1,220

1,330

1,470

1,510

1,480

1,710

1,500

1,000

1,410

1,400

1,580

1,540

1,680

1,820

1,460

1,450

1,510

1,630

1,750

1,880

1,640

1,430

1,450

Nov.

1,540

1,860

1,880

1,680

1,780

1,410

1,620

1,78C

1,840

1,820

2,000

1,840

1,430

1,580

2,020

1,880

1,960

2,070

2,980

2,360

2,640

2,920

2,320

1,990

1,740

1,940

1,640

1,760

1,880

2,030

Dec.

1,970

1,640

2,080

1,580

1,320

1,680

1,750

1,880

1,820

1,880

1,180

1,200

1,210

1,480

1,360

1,450

1,460

1,400

1,090

1,370

1,530

1,410

1,350

1,380

1,370

1,080

1,630

1,600

1,280

1,320

1,230

Jan.

1,180

1,140

1,390

1,320

1,280

1,370

1,290

1,290

1,140

1,450

1,270

1,400

1,460

1,380

1,220

1,140

1,380

1,420

1,320

1,540

1,300

1,110

1,120

1,290

1,180

1,180

1,240

1,300

1,260

1,180

1,550

Feb.

1,430

1,120

1,310

1,670

1,460

995

1,270

1,260

1,200

907

924

772

750

1,420

1,340

1,260

1,220

1,040

1,310

1,120

1,170

1,170

1,170

1,120

1,310

1,080

885

1,410

Mar.

1,510

1,620

1,300

1,190

1,250

1,210

1,360

1,320

1,420

1,320

1,430

1,260

1,180

1,500

1,470

1,250

1,130

1,210

920

980

1,210

1,180

1,200

1,310

1,240

1,140

1,340

1,370

1,220

1,230

1,130

Apr.

1,090

862

1,250

1,350

1,580

1,810

1,550

1,620

1,620

1,860

2,090

2,370

2,190

2,060

2,430

2,210

2,940

5,410

8,300

14,200

18,500

20,300

17,200

13,600

11,600

10,700

9,880

9,540

8,840

7,320

May

6,410

5,640

5,640

5,230

5,830

5,530

4,000

4,150

4,230

4,180

4,140

4,030

3,660

2,970

3,440

3,220

3,180

2,890

2,780

4,620

4,430

3,800

3,410

3,440

3,260

2,350

2,250

2,680

2,110

1,990

1,920

June

1,880

1,740

2,140

2,530

2,440

3,000

7,230

10,300

10,800

8,980

6,730

6,500

5,520

4,530

4,440

4,440

4,140

3,240

3,180

3,290

3,580

3,980

3,330

3,660

4,870

5,090

4,250

3,700

3,200

2,750

July

2,040

1,950

2,000

1,780

2,570

2,500

2,530

2,860

3,250

2,400

3,300

2,900

2,830

2,280

2,720

3,310

2,320

2,120

2,020

2,090

2,240

2,030

2,360

1,930

2,010

1,940

2,230

1,840

1,940

1,620

1,500

Aug.

1,530

2,010

1,640

1,600

1,740

1,590

1,500

1,660

1,380

2,020

1,740

1,670

1,600

1,180

1,370

1,580

1,540

1,540

1,660

1,370

1,600

1,590

1,490

1,860

1,540

1,800

1,670

1,540

1,600

1,430

1,740

Sept.

1,720

1,930

1,860

2,040

1,940

2,100

2,240

2,000

2,000

1,670

1,980

1,540

1,630

1,910

1,800

1,100

1,640

1,600

2,020

1,800

1,950

1,700

1,730

1,590

1,740

1,460

1,510

1,700

1,540

1,900

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 11 to Apr. 5. Water-stage recorder not operating 

satisfactorily June 28-30 and Sept. 10 and 11; daily discharge tstimated.

Monthly discharge of the Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 2,630 square miles]

Month

November __________________ ..

February ___________________ ..

April... ....... ....... ...........

July ......................................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,880 

2,980 

2,080 

1,550 

1,670 

1,620 

20,300 

6,410 

10,800 

3,310 

2,020 

2,240

20,300

Minimum

930 

1,410 

1,080 

1,110 

750 

920 

862 

1,920 

1,740 

1,500 

1,180 

1,100

750

Mean

1,490 

1,940 

1,480 

1,290 

1,180 

1,270 

6,210 

3,790 

4,520 

2,300 

1,610 

1,780

2,400

Per

square 

mile

0.567 

.738 

.563 

.490 

.449 

.483 

2.36 

1.44 

1.72 

.875 

.612 

.677

.913

Run-off 

in inches

a 65

.82 

.65 

.56 

.47 

.56 

2.63 

1.66 

1.92 

1.01 

.71 

.76

12.40
SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PABT V

WISCONSIN RIVER AT KNOWLTON, WIS.'

LOCATION. In N. J^ sec. 29, T. 26 N., R. 7 E., 50 feet below left end of combination railroad-highway bridge of Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway and on State trunk highway No. 73 at Knowlton, Marathon County, 

1^2 miles below mouth of Big Eau Pleine River, which enters from right. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 4,360 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch = 6> 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 13, 1921, to September 30, 1923. Gage heights

May 1, 1915, to July 12, 1921, published by United States Weather Bureau.

GAGE. Gurley water-stage recorder installed August 6, 1921; inspected by W. T.

Gunther. Gage previously used Friez automatic gage installed July 13 r

1921. Both gages located 50 feet below left end of bridge. The United

States Weather Bureau installed a chain gage on downstream handrail of

bridge 150 feet from left end July 15, 1914, which is used as a reference for

the recording gage.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge, from a

boat, or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and light gravel. Control not 

well defined; there is, however, a decided contraction of the channel at art 

island 2,500 feet below gage. Right bank high and is seldom overflowed; 

left bank of medium height and is overflowed at extreme flood stages. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 16.55 feet 

at 5 a. m. April 22 (discharge, about 38,600 second-feet); minimum discharge 

about 1,080 second-feet March 3.

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 19.5 feet at 10 p. m. April 10, 1922 

(discharge, 49,800 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.0 foot at 2 a. m. August 

15, 1921 (discharge, about 900 second-feet).

REGULATION. No storage reservoirs discharge into Wisconsin River between 

Knowlton and Merrill. See "Regulation" in station description of Wisconsin River at Merrill (p. 76). Between Knowlton and Merrill are four 

dams operated for power.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve fairly well defined between 1,600 and 30,000 second-feet. Operation of water-stage 

recorder satisfactory during 90 per cent of open-water period. Daily discharge obtained by use of discharge integrator except as shown in footnote 

to table of daily discharge. Open-water records fair; winter records poorDischarge measurements of Wisconsin River at Knowlton, Wis., during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Feb. 19

Made by 

 ..do.. .

Gage 

height

Feet 

-4.19

0 3 94

Discharge

Sec. -ft.

1,360

Date

Apr. 21

July 9

Made by 

S. B. Soulfi - 

Gage 

height

Feet 

15.83

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

38,500

4,710

' Stage-discharge relation aflected by ice.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 79

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wisconsin River at Knowlton, Wis., for the year

ending September 30, 19%3

Day

1. .... ...

2 .

3

4...........

5...........

6..... ......

7... .....

8...........

9...........

10--.- ....

11 

12. .......

13... ...... ..

14...........

15 .

16 ......

17...... ....

18 

19 

30 .

31 .

22 .- ..

23

34. ..

35. . -.

26 

27 

28 ......

39

30 

31- .

Oct.

2,300

1,800

2,020

1,790

1,820

1, 970

1,520

2,380

1,890

1,920

1,870

2,050

1,780

2 120

2,300

2,010

2,020

1,900

2,030

O 1AA

2,180

2,250

Nov.

2,270

1,930

1,930

2,370

2,300

2,350

9 fiAft

2,340

2,130

2,700

2,940

2,220

2,580

9 84O

2,300

2,310

2,900

3,050

3,160

4,630

4,520

A. dSft

4,390

3,570

3,060

2,830

2,890

3,010

9 73fi

2,370

Dec.

2,740

3,050

2,410

2,750

2,440

2,570

2,540

2,200

1,720

1,760

2 030

2,070

2,120

2,200

2,060

2,080

2 120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,160

1,970

1,960

1,980

1,920

1,730

2,000

1,980

1 Rfift

Jan.

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,900

1,900

1,840

1,780

2,080

2,000

1,940

1,650

1,560

1,830

1,740

1,890

1,640

i fi4n

1,600

1,860

1,740

1,710

1,940

1,630

1,6SO

1,800

1,760

1,680

1,680

1,720

1,760

Feb.

1,630

Mar

1,640

1,440

1, 360

1,400

1,440

1,680

1,680

1,640

1,600

1,600

1,680

1,760

1,800

1,850

1,850

1,760

1,850

1,940

2,020

1,710

9 flflfl

2,110

2,110

1,650

1,940

1,830

2,030

1,640

1 740

Apr.

1,690

1,650

1,960

2,160

2,300

1,930

2,120

2,520

3,290

4,060

5,220

8,650

14,600

19,000

19,100

19,300

15,100

12,800

17,800

25,800

33,800

35,500

31,500

24; 300

19,100

16,200

13,800

13,000

12,700

10,700

May

11, 500

8,310

7, 560

7,320

6, "800

7,460

6,400

5,960

5,700

5,440

5,200

5,370

4,940

5,110

4,360

4,450

4,370

4,270

4,060

4,420

7,180

7,050

5,570

4,840

4,660

4,170

2,830

3,490

3,520

2,800

3,110

June

2,800

2,300

1,660

3,110

3,080

3,210

5,020

9,800

12,600

12,400

10,400

7,220

6,600

5,730

5,290

4,750

4,370

4,680

3,930

4,030

3,810

4,/oU

4,810

4,600

4,700

4,520

4,210

July

3,190

3,820

3.690

4,230

4,010

4,770

5,200

5,180

5,200

4,840

4,390

5,200

5,190

4,400

3,680

3,920

4,030

3,820

2,980

2,760

2,920

2,690

3,170

3,650

3,360

2,940

2,840

2,950

2,520

2,580

2,490

Aug.

2,520

2,300

2,180

2,440

1,900

1,860

2,600

2,800

2,630

2,440

2,240

1,790

2,240

2,460

2,560

2,530

2,490

2,530

1,990

2,520

2,340

2,410

2,450

2,890

3,140

2,800

2,830

Sept.

2,820

2,440

2,950

3,380

2,690

3,060

3,270

3,380

3,700

2,790

3,110

2,480

2,420

2,880

3,190

2,580

2,660

2,700

2,720

3,050

3,240

3,170

3,130

2,620

3,220

3,000

2,920

2,530

2,530

2,050

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 4 to Apr. 12. Recording gage not operating satisfactorily Oct. 6-15, 28-31, Dec. 7, 8,11-22, Dec. 30 to Jan. 5, Jan. 22 to Mar. 1, Mar. 10-14, May 9-10, June 

31-26, Aug. 21-25. Discharge determined by comparison with records of flow of Wisconsin River at Merril.

Monthly discharge of Wisconsin River at Knowlton, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 4,360 square miles]

Month

October. ___________________

November ___________________

December. __________________

January

February

March .......................................

April........................................

June _ . ....................................

July.........................................

August _ . __________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

2,380 

4,630 

3,050 

2,080

2,110 

35,500 

11,500 

12,600 

5,200 

3,140 

3,700

35,500

Minimum

1,520 

1,930 

1,720 

1,560

1,360 

1,650 

2,800 

1,660 

2,490 

1,790 

2,050

1,360

Mean

1,980 

2,860 

2,190 

1,800 

1,630 

1,740 

13,100 

5,430 

5,220 

3,760 

2,430 

2,890

3,740

Per, 

sqaare 

mile

0.454 

.656 

.602 

.413 

.374 

.399 

3.00 

1.25 

1.20 

.862 

.557 

.663

.858

Run-off 

in toshes

a 52

.73 

.58 

.48 

.39 

.46 

3.35 

1.44 

1.34 

.99 

.64 

.74

11.66

WISCONSIN RIVER HEAR NEKOOSA, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 15, T. 21 N., R. 5 E., IJ^ miles below Nekoosa, Wood 

County. Tenmile Creek enters from left 4 miles below station, and Big 

Roche a Cri Creek, also, from left, 38 inileis*below station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 5,500 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 21, 1914, to September 30, 1923.
80 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PABT V

GAGE. Gurley water-stage recorder installed January 31, 1923, taking place of 

Stevens water-stage recorder installed July 18, 1916, on right bank; prior 

to latter date, Gurley water-stage recorder at same location. Gage attended 

by Henry Mans.

DISCHABGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable just above gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of gravel; clean, permanent. Banks 

are high and rarely overflowed.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 14.04 feet at 

6 a. m. April 23 (discharge, 44,800 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 

0.5 foot from 5 a. m. to noon October 1 (discharge, about 920 second-feet.)

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 16.1 feet at 1 a. m. April 12, 1922 

(discharge, 61,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.0 foot several times on 

August 25 and 26, 1922 (discharge, about 500 second-feet). Minimum flowis due to regulation.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. No storage reservoirs discharging into Wisconsin River between 

Nekoosa and Merrill. See "Regulation" in station description of Wisconsin 

River at Merrill (p. 76). Between Nekoosa and Merrill are 12 dams> 

operated for power.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent, except as affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined throughout. Operation of water-stage recorder 

satisfactory throughout year. Daily discharge ascertained by use of discharge integrator with correction for effect of ice during winter. Openwater records excellent; winter records fair.

The following discharge measurement was made during year by J. H. Olson: 

January 8, 1923: Gage height, 2.25 feet; discharge, 1,920 second-feet (stagedischarge relation affected by ice).

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wisconsin River near Nekoosa, Wis., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 ...........

2. _____ . ....

3 __ .........

4 __ .. ........

5 ..............

6.... .......

7..............

8..... ......

9.-.. ...-...

10 _ .......

11 . 

12 _ ........ ...

13..............

14..............

16... ...... _ ..

16.. .........

17. _ ..........

18 ____ . __ .

1»... ...........

20 .... __ ...

21 ...........

22

23... __ .......

24 __ .........

25 ___ ........

26 . _ .......

27..............

28. ......

29 .. _ .... .

30...... __ ...

31- 

Oct.

1,530

1,680

1,980

1,800

1,720

1,910

1 860

1,680

1,770

1,530

2,510

2,240

1,690

1,950

1,760

1,980

1,920

2,380

1,810

1,890

1,820

1,880

2,080

2,320

2,110

2,000

1,940

2,070

1,620

2,140

1,980

Nov.

2,120

2,510

1,980

2,100

2,570

2,480

2,910

2,900

9 94/1

2,390

3,270

2,780

1,990

2,750

3,130

2,170

2,430

3,570

3,280

4,450

5,870

5,260

5,020

4,760

3,370

3,410

2,920

3,280

3,610

2,960

Dec.

2,300

3,120

2,570

2,900

3,010

2,700

2,630

2,610

2,450

1,960

2,120

3,100

2,920

3,060

3,360

2,500

2,170

2,390

2,520

2,630

2,320

2,080

2,450

2,030

2,480

9 inn

2,260

2,180

1 son

2,380

o 4fiA

Jan.

2,140

1,850

2,050

2,190

1,750

2,870

9 rtlfl

2,200

1,920

2,150

2,580

2,290

2,920

1,700

2,100

'2,040

2,480

1,870

2,230

2,090

2,240

2,930

2,560

2,510

2,360

9 39fl

2,550

2,040

2,060

1,900

2, 190

Feb.

2,430

2,100

2,980

2,380

2,820

2,950

2,690

2,280

2,410

,1,880

'1,880

 1,750

2,040

3,500

3,080

3,450

3,140

2,720

2,800

2,700

2,900

2,730

2,880

2,730

2,240

9 fiftrt

2,390

2,600

Mar.

2,690

2,600

2,310

2,150

2,820

2,020

2,340

2,140

2,290

1,890

1,600

2,460

2,020

2,340

2,060

2,240

2,170

2,310

2,820

2,540

2,900

2,260

2,300

2,410

2 280

9 fi4rt

1,680

2,340

9 44n

2,240

1,890

Apr.

1,710

2,260

2,300

2,300

2,160

2,550

2,960

2,220

2,620

2,850

4,920

7,040

11,300

14,500

16,900

17,200

16,300

15,700

22 200

26,600

36,600

43,100

44,500

39,400

30,100

23,200

19,600

16,600

15,400

14,800

May

11,500

10,500

8,620

8,300

8,550

7,730

8,480

6,950

6,670

6,690

6,260

5,980

6,390

5,810

6,150

4,980

4,780

5,160

5,200

5,370

7,170

10,100

8,880

7,020

6,190

5,940

4,810

3,700

4,580

3,960

3,650

June

3,380

3,460

2,860

2,240

4,120

3,770

4,600

8,400

13,900

16,600

14,200

12,000

8,800

7,760

6,900

6,420

5,630

5,240

5,400

4,960

4,820

4,410

5,250

4,930

4,640

fi 84/1

7,020

6,280

5,260

5,180

July

4,440

3,930

3,740

4,080

5,050

5,410

6,290

5,940

6,300

5,930

5,500

4,590

5,840

5,660

4,440

3,590

4,070

4,440

3,550

2,680

2,530

2,600

2,740

3,380

3,460

3,120

2,880

2,820

2,330

2,570

2,180

Aug.

2,320

2,330

2,250

2,440

2,050

2,240

2,010

2,220

2,460

2,340

2,490

2,080

1,780

1,960

2,030

2,240

2,280

2,280

2,070

2,020

2,380

2,150

2,360

2,350

2,350

2,500

2,280

2,350

2,800

2,440

Sept.

2,700

3,260

2,280

2,400*

3,070

2,300

3,160

2,890

2,840

3,480

2,520

2,580

2,230

2,220

2,680

2,580

2,160

2,500

2,260

2,820

2,920

2,940

2,740

2,630

2,560

3,080

2,420

2,690

2,350

1,970

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 7 to.Apr. 11.
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI BIVER BASIN 81

Monthly discharge of Wisconsin River near Nekoosa, Wis., for the year ending

September SO, 1923 

[Drainage area, 5,500 square miles] 

Month

October _ -... ____________

December.. . _________________

February ___________________

March. _ _________________

April. .......................................

May.. __ . __________________

July.........................................

August.... _ . _____________

September.... _____________ ___

The year. ____________ .......

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

2,510 

5,870 

3,360 

2,930 

3,500 

2,900 

44,500 

11,500 

16,600 

6,300 

2,800 

3,480

44,500

Minimum

1,530 

1,980 

1,800 

1,700 

1,750 

1,600 

1,710 

3,650 

2,240 

2,180 

1,780 

1,970

1,530

Mean

1,920 

3,150 

2,510 

2,230 

2,610 

2,290 

15,300 

6,650 

6,510 

4,070 

2,270 

2,640

4,330

Per 

square 

mile

0.349 

.573 

.456 

.405 

.475 

.416 

2.78 

1.21 

1.18 

.740 

.413 

.480

.787

Run-off 

in inches

a 40

.64 

.53 

.47 

.49 

.48 

3.10 

1.40 

1.32 

.85 

.48 

.54

10.70

WISCONSIN BITER AT MUSCODA, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 1, T. 8 N., R. 1 W., at highway bridge 1 mile north of Muscoda, Grant County. Eagle Mill Creek enters from right half a mile below 

station and Underwood Creek from left 4J^ miles above.

 DRAINAGE AREA. 10,300 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. December 21, 1902, to December 31, 1903; December 

4, 1913, to September 30, 1923. Gage heights November 1, 1908, to December 31, 1912, published in United States Weather Bureau bulletin, "Daily 

river stages," parts 9, 10, and 11.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to handrail on upstream side of bridge; read by 

William Hessler and Bud Rice. Elevation of zero of present gage 12.62 

feet above that of gage maintained December 21,1902, to December 31, 1903; 

elevation of gage during period November 1,1908, to December 31, 1912, as 

read and published by United States Weather Bureau,'was about the same 

as that of present gage, sea-level elevation of which is approximately 666.2 

feet.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.65 feet at 

5 p. m., April 27 (discharge, 52,500 second-feet); minimum discharge, 2,680 

second-feet February 4.

1903; 1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 10.60 feet April 16, 1922 

(discharge, 72,100 second-feet); minimum discharge, about 1,600 second-feet 

December 20, 1921. According to records of the United States Weather 

Bureau 5 (see note under gage), on June 11, 1881, the river reached a stage 

of 11.1 feet and during August, 1868, zero on gage; discharge not computed 

owing to changes in channel and datum of gage.

REGULATION. Nearest power plant above station is at Prairie du Sac, 40 miles 

distant; since the latter part of 1915 considerable diurnal fluctuation has 

been observed at gage. Owing to regulation by storage in the headwaters, 

the flow at this station is not natural.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent, affected by ice and by 

shifting control. Standard rating curve fairly well defined between 4,000 

and 45,000 second-feet.. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained from mean daily gage height corrected on basis of discharge measurements and also from study of observer's notes and weather 

records during winter. Records poor.

» Daily river stages, pt. 10, p. 98, U. S. Dept. Agr.
82 SUEFAOE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

Discharge measurements of Wisconsin River at Muscoda, Wis., during the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Date

Oct. -5

Dec. 29

Jan. 26

Made by 

E.E.Foster...........

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.08

0 1 64

o i <ys

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

4,920

3,810

3,660

Date

Ancr 94.

Made by 

Soule and Foster .......

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.57

.66

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

6,430

4 360

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wisconsin River at Muscoda, Wis., for the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1.. ...... ..

2

3 .... ...

4 ...

5 ....

6 ... ....

7 .... ...

8

9 

10 

11 ..........

12

13 

14 . 

15 . 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21. .

22

23. _

24 .

25

26 

27.. ...

28 

29

80 

31 

Oct.

4,940

4,000

4,690

4,690

4,690

4,690

4,940

4,450

4,000

4,690

4,450

4 450

4,000

4,000

4,000

3,560

4,000

4,220

3,780

3,780

3,780

3,560

3,560

4,220

3,780

3,780

3,780

4,000

3,780

3,560

3, 780

Nov.

4,000

4,220

4,000

3,780

3

7QA

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

3,780

3,560

3 7ftn

4,940

5,480

5,200

5,200

4,690 4 cun

5,760

4,940

5,200

.5,480

6,060

6,380

7,760

7,760

6,060

8,520

7,040

7 *un

Dec.

5,480

6,060

5,760

4,690

4,690

5,480

6,380

5,760

4,450

4,450

3,560

4,220

3 7ftn

4,000

3,560

3

q^A

3,560

4,000

4,220

t Tsn

3,560

3,780

q cfiA

3,780

3,340

3,780

4,000

3,780

4,000,

Jan.

4,450

3,340

3

CCA

3,780

4,000

3,780

3,560

3

CCA

4,220

3,780

q 7QA

4,000

3

7QA

3,780

3 ten

3,560

3 zan

3,780

3,340

4,000

q con

3,780

4,000

4,000

3 7ftfl

4,000

3,780

3,560

3,340

4,220

Feb.

4,450

3,560

3,120

9 ftSfl

i <wo

3,560

4,000

4,000 A. nnn

3,780

3,560

3,120

3,780

q cfifi

3

KAA

4,690

4,000

3,560

4,000

4,220

3,780

4,000 d nnn

4,220

A QAfl

6,380

7 ' 040

Mar.

6,700

6,380

7,400

8,520

8,520

6,380

7,760

9,300

9,700

10,500

10,900

8,520

6,060 7 4nn

8,520

6,700

7,760

8,520

3,340

6,380

s con

8,900

7,760

8,900

7,760

4,940

6,700

7,040

6,700

6,700

. 6,700

Apr.

6,700

6,700

17,700

24,400

16,700

15,300

14,400

12,200

12,200

15,800

13,900

14,800

15,300

15,800

15,800

16,700

19,200

22,500

23,100

30,000

t\A Af\n

25,700

29,200

35,000

qo Af\c\

39,500

52,500

50,500

46,500

38,600

May

35,000

26,400

22,500

20,300

14,800

16,700

17,700

13,900

12,600

11,800

11,300

13,000

10,500 Q 7nn

13,000

11,300

11,800

10,500

10,500

10,900

Q Q/V)

10,900

10,500

10,100

11,800

13,900

13,500

9,700

12,200

11,300

8,140

June

9,300

8,900

8,140

6,380

7,760

7,760

8,520

7,760

7,400

7,040

5,760

7,760

14,800

18,700

17,200

16,200

10,500

12,200

11,300

8,900

a

onft

ft Qftfl

8,900

7,760

6,700

8,900

8,520

9,300

8,900

8,520

July

8,520

7,040

8,520

8,900

7,760

7,760

7,400

7,400

5,760

6,380

8,140

8,900

7,040

7,760

7,760

6,060

8,140

8,140

7,400

7,040

6,700

6,380

5,480

6,380

6,380

6,380

5,480

5,760

5,480

4,940

5,480

Aug.

5,480

6,060

6,060

5,200

5,200

4,690

5,200

5,760

5,200

4,940

4,450

4,690

4,220

4,220

4,450

4,450

4,450

4,450

4,220

3,780

4,450

4,690

4,220

4,220

4,450

3,780

3,780

5,200

4 450

4,940

Sept.

5,200

6,380

5,760

4,450

4,690

4,940

4,940

4,940

4,690

4,220

4,690

4,940

4,940

4,940

4,450

4,220

4,000

4,220

4,940

5,480

8,140

5,480

4,450

3,780

3,560

4,450

4,450

4,450

4,220

4,450

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 12 to Apr. 1.

Monthly discharge of Wisconsin River at Muscoda, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1928 

[Drainage area, 10,300 square miles]

Month

November. ..................................

December. __ ... ..........................

February ___________________

April ....... ..............................

May.........................................

July.

Augast---. _ . __ . .........................

September... .. _ . ____________

The year.... _ ... ....._.... ..........

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

4,940 

8,520 

6,380 

4,450 

7,040 

10,900 

52,500 

35,000 

18,700 

8,900 

6,060 

8,140

52,500

Minimum

3,560 

3,560 

3,120 

3,340 

2.680 

3,340 

6,700 

8,140 

5,760 

4,940 

3,780 

3,560

2,680

Mean

4,120 

5,180 

4,240 

3,790 

4,050 

7,620 

23,400 

13,700 

9,600 

6,990 

4,700 

4,820

7,680

Per 

square 

mile

0.400 

.503 

.412 

.368 

.393 

.740 

2.27 

1.33 

.932 

.679 

.456 

'.468

.746

Run-off 

in inches

0.46 

.66 

.48 

.42 

.41 

.85 

2.53 

1.53 

1.04 

.78 

.53 

. 52

10.11
TIPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 83

TOMAHAWK RIVER NEAR BRADLEY, WIS. >

LOCATION. In sec. 16, T. 36 N., R. 6 E., 2 miles west of Cassion, 4 miles north 

of Bradley, Oneida County, 4 miles downstream from mouth of Bearskin 

Creek, which enters from right, and 8 miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE ABEA. 422 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 18, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Slope gage fastened to concrete posts on right bank, installed September 

24, 1919; prior to that date, chain gage fastened to cantilever arm on right 

bank; both gages same datum. Read by Frank Sutherland and H. F. 

Hemmings.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable half a mile below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed at gage and a short distance below, sandy and 

likely to 'shift. Control is formed by rapids 2,000 feet below gage. Bed 

at cable section heavy gravel. When a head of 15 feet is maintained in 

Rice Lake storage dam, in sees. 4 and 9, T. 35 N., R. 6 E., backwater will 

extend halfway up the rapids which may affect stage-discharge relation. 

The maximum head maintained during the year was considerably less than 

15 feet.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum discharge during year, estimated 2,050 

second-feet April 25; minimum discharge, estimated 220 second-feet April 

2-6.

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 6.9 feet April 24, 1916 (discharge, 

2,200 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 1.29 feet July 1 and August 9, 

1921 (discharge, 132 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. The following reservoirs are maintained above station, for the 

purpose of regulating flow of Wisconsin River:

Reservoirs used to regulate flow of Wisconsin River

Name

Squirrel... 

Minocqua.

Location of 

reservoir

T.39N., R. SE... 

Tps. 38-40 N. Us. 

6-7 E.

Location of dam

Sec. 30, T. 39 N., R. SE. 

Sec. 10, T. 39N..R. 6E_

Area of 

reservoir

Sq. mi. 

3.00 

11.31

14.31

Drainage 

area

Sq. mi. 

17.07 

81.60

98.67

Capacity (millions 

of cubic feet)

Summer

152 

291

443

Winter

152 

651

803

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent, except as affected by ice. 

Rating curve used is poorly defined below 370 second-feet; and fairly well 

defined above. Gage read to hundredths once daily except November 16 to 

April 30 when it was read once a week. Daily discharge obtained by applying mean daily gage height to rating curve, except for periods when daily 

gage heights are not available, for which periods it was obtained by study 

of the comparative run-off at this station and at Flambeau River near 

Butternut together with two winter discharge measurements. Medium 

and high stage open-water records, with the exception of those for April, 

fair; low-water records poor; winter records subject to considerable error.
84 SUEPACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

Discharge measurements of Tomahawk River near Bradley, Wis., during the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 24

Made by 

S. B. Soule -

Gage 

height

Feet

2 13

"2.61

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

298

272

Date

Feb. 24

Made by 

E. E. Foster.. ......

Gage 

height

feet 

"2.94

3.27

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

254

545

0 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tomahawk River near Bradley, Wis., for the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Day

I..............

2...... ........

3..............

1... ...........

5... ........ ...

6 . _ .

7 .....

8 . _ -

9... ........

10 

11 .

12 ... ........

13 

14 

15 

16... .... .......

17 __

18 

19... ........

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 _

27 - 

28 

29 . .

30 .

31 

Oct.

304

304

300

295

285

282

289

SfU

300

298

293

282

276

289

285

285

3OO

304

300

OOQ

297

298

304

308

300

297

289

289

287

285

Nov.

285

297

90S

297

304

324

336

345

372

408

447

488

502

516

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

475

440

400

365

365

360

360

360

Dec.

355

355

QKri

ocn

345

345

345

340

335

330

320

315

310

305 Qftn

Qnn

QAft

300

300

300

300

3Hfl

300

onn

300

300

300

300

300

300

300

Jan.

300

300

300

QrtA

Qftft

295

295

9dn

290

285

285

280

280

280

285

285

OCR

290

290

9Qn

285

285

280

275

270

270

270

270

275

275

275

Feb.

280

280

280

280

280

280

280

280

280

280

275

270

265

260

255

250

OKA

255

255 ofln

260

265

265

270

270

270

270

275

Mar.

280

280

280

285

285

285

290

290

290

290

290

285

285

285

280

280

280

275

275

O7rt

270

270

265

265

260

260

260

255

255

240

Apr.

230

220

220

220

220

220

225

230

235

245

265

280

280

280

305

360

470

570

680

950

1,200

1,520

1,800

2,050

1,650

1,450

1,270

1,200

May

1,080

886

798

780

763

746

730

713

713

697

681

681

634

589

559

530

516

488

460

502

530

530

502

460

434

396

372

367

349

324

302

June

460

530

574

559

780

850

886

886

850

780

666

574

544

460

408

372

384

447

474

502

574

604

604

574

530

488

July

447

421

396

345

318

396

460

447

447

421

367

360

324

308

289

280

271

265

258

271

271

266

263

258

252

249

248

Aug.

261

263

250

243

234

232

232

230

230

232

240

237

233

233

229

227

226

233

240

240

252

265

266

263

260

257

261

263

263

268

263

Sept.

261

266

268

260

250

265

269

263

257

252

252

248

248

249

248

280

291

293

289

285

282

280

276

268

263

263

261

260

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice from early in December to middle of April.

Monthly discharge of Tomahawk River near Bradley, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 422 square miles]

Month

November..... ___ ____________

June.. _ ------ _ ... _ . . .. -.

July 

The year.- 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

312 

516 

350 

300 

280 

290 

2,050 

1,080 

886 

460 

268 

293

2.050

Minimum

276 

285 

300 

270 

250 

240 

220 

302 

280 

248 

226 

242

220

Mean

295 

415 

316 

285 

269 

275 

675 

584 

565 

333 

246 

265

377

Per

square 

mile

0.699 

.983 

.749 

.675 

.637 

.652 

1.60 

1.38 

1.34 

.789 

.583 

.628

.893

Run-off 

in inches

a si

1.10 

.86 

.78 

.66 

.75 

1.78 

1.59 

1.50 

.91 

.67 

.70

12.11
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 85

PRAIRIE RIVER NEAR MERRILL, WIS.

LOCATION. On line between sees. 20 and 29, T. 32 N., R. 7 E., at highway 

bridge 4J^ miles northeast of Merrill, Lincoln County, and 6^2 miles above 

mouth of river. Haymeadow Creek enters from left 5 miles above station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 164 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch = 6 

miles).

BECORDS AVAILABLE. January 17, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to upstream side of bridge; read by Mrs. Meta 

Krause.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of gravel; clean and free from vegetation. Right bank high, not subject to overflow; left bank may be overflowed at extreme flood stages; both banks wooded. Control not well 

defined.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.1 feet at 

9 a. m. April 22 (discharge, 2,290 second-feet); minimum discharge estimated 65 second-feet March 5 and 7-10.

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 6.1 feet April 22, 1916, and April 

22, 1923 (discharge, 2,290 second-feet); minimum discharge estimated 65 

second-feet February 26 to March 1, 1922, and March 5 and 7-10, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined 

between 70 and 2,200 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths once daily. 

Daily discharge obtained by applying daily gage height to rating table, 

except for period in which stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, for 

which it was obtained by applying to rating table mean daily gage height 

corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, observer's 

notes, and weather records. Open-water records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Prairie River near Merrill, Wis., during the year ending

September SO, 1928

Date

Oct. 25

Jan. 12

Made by Gage 

height

Feet 

1.76

"1.80

Discharge

Sec.-fl. 

91

80

Date

Feb. 22

Apr. 24

Made by 

S. B. SoulS _______

Gage 

height

Feet 

"1.83

4.67

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

69.3

1,210

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
86 STJEPACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Prairie River near Merrill, Wis,, for the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Day

l ___ ........

2- ............

3 .... ....

4 

5.. .-.._-...__.

6 .......... .

7.... . ....

8.. ....... ..

9.. ............

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 .-

16 ...

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 . .... ..

22 

23-.... .....

24-.--...... _ .

25 - .

26 

27... ... ........

28 

29 

30 

31-.... ___ ...

Oct.

88

86

88

88

86

112

112

86

86

Ofi

Ofi

85

86

87

88

88

91

101

91

88

Q1

QQ

99

96

99

96

96

94

94

Q1

Nov.

91

102

105

105

105

108

112

112

112

1 1ft

19Q

126

199

118

115

118

122

919

 to A

1 ^Q

120

11 f\

115

112

Dec.

113

115

110

118

110

110

100

100

95

95

QC

on

80

80

an

on

on

on

on

80

75

80

cn

on

90

QC

90

90

on

90

90

Jan.

90

80

On

80

80

80

80

80

80

Rfl

on

on

80

on

on

80

75

75

75

Rfl

80

80

80

80

on

80

on

on

80

on

Feb.

80

75

75

70

75

75

75

75

75

75

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

Mar.

70

70

70

70

70

65

70

65

65

65

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

75

75

80

on

80

70

70

70

70

70

70

70

Apr.

88

91

88

81

88

115

102

94

96

102

118

137

159

184

228

244

458

1,160

2,020

1,940

9 9QO

1,280

1,060

781

496

440

May

384

348

313

278

261

244

212

212

228

278

313

313

244

212

184

184

184

172

159

278

458

AA(\

348

278

212

184

159

137

137

122

115

June

108

102

112

137

172

212

496

1,060

1,160

870

614

4.58

348

290

244

212

184

159

159

137

159

184

184

184

184

278

330

184

148

July

133

129

118

115

118

137

313

458

440

348

535

348

261

198

148

159

148

137

122

112

102

99

99

105

108

102

99

96

94

94

88

Aug.

88

88

87

86

86

84

84

84

81

84

81

81

81

81

81

79

79

81

91

91

108

99

102

94

91

88

88

91

88

88

86

Sept.

84

88

133

148

137

137

244r

290

278- 212"

ISOIS?

122 112-

105-

102-

99-

122

198

212

244

212:

184

15»

137

126

118 112-

108-

104

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 5 to Mar. 31.

Monthly discharge of Prairie River near Merrill, Wis., for the year ending September 30,

[Drainage area, 164 square miles]

Month

April 

July. .-. - .

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

112

228 

118 

90 

80 

90 

2,290 

458 

1,160 

535 

108 

290

2,290

Minimum

85 

91 

75 

75 

70 

65 

81 

115 

102 

88 

79 

84

65

Mean

92.1 

125 

92.2 

79.7 

72.0 

71.0 

596 

245 

311 

179 

87.1 

154

175

Per

square 

mile

0.562 

.762 

.562 

.486 

.439 

.433 

3.63 

1.49 

1.90 

1.09 

.531 

.939

1.07

Run-off 

in inches

0.65. 

.85- 

.65 

.56 

.46 .50- 

4.05 

1.72 

2.12 

1.26 

.61 

1.05

14.48
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVEE BASIN 87

EAU CLAIRE MVER AT K^ILY, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 13, T. 28 N., R. 8 E., at highway bridge three-fourths mile 

northeast of Kelly, Marathon County, 1 mile above mouth of Big Sandy 

Creek, which enters from right, and 4J^ miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE ABBA. 326 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch==6 

miles).

KECOKDS AVAILABLE. January 1, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to downstream side of highway bridge; read by 

August Krueger.

DISCHABGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of heavy gravel and rock. Gage is 

in the rapids which form control. Banks of medium height and not subject 

to overflow.

EXTKEMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.57 feet at 

8.30 a. m. April 20 (discharge, 5,210 second-feet); minimum discharge 

estimated 40 second-feet February 17.

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 7.40 feet at 3 p. m. April 9, 1922 

(discharge, 6,320 second-feet); minimum discharge, estimated 30 second-feet 

December 6, 1917.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly during winter. Rating 

curve well defined between 80 and 3,200 second-feet. Gage read to 

hundredths once daily. Daily discharge, October 1 to November 30, 

obtained by indirect method for shifting control on basis of two discharge 

measurements; from April 20 to September 30 by applying daily gage 

height to rating table; and for remainder of year it was obtained by applying 

to rating table daily gage height corrected for ice effect by means of two 

discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather records. Openwater records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Eau Claire River at Kelly, Wis., during the year ending

September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 25

25

Jan. 10

Made by 

S. B. SoulS... . -..

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.96

.96

1.84

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

104

105

83

Date

Feb. 20

Apr. 22

Made by 

J. H. Olson. ...........

S. B. Soule .............

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.03

4.95

1.06

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

61

3,190

' 152
Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Eau Claire River at Kelly, Wis., for the year 

ending September 80, 1928

Day

1 ___ ___

2.. ......... ...

3... _ .......

4..............

6 

6 _ 

7.., .......... .

8 

9...... ........

10.. ............

11 

12..............

13 ........

14 ______ . ...

15 

16 

17 

18..............

19...... ........

20 

21.......... __

22..............

23.. . ....... ....

24... ___ ......

25...... ........

26... _ ........

27..............

28..............

29 

30 .. 

31...... ........

Oct.

94

94

94

94

94

90

90

90

90

90

90

90

90

94

94

94

103

108

99

99

99

99

103

103

103

99

99

94

94

04

94

Nov.

94

112

122

117

117

136

141

136

131

131

141

146

141

146

161

.151

146

166

269

365

300

263

241

214

161

192

187

146

146

171

Dec.

200

150

215

185

100

150

175

185

175

125

110

90

90

90

90

90

90

90

90

90

90

90

100

100

100

90

100

110

110

100

100

Jan.

100

90

90

90

100

100

SO

90

90

80

70

70

70

70

70

80

70

70

60

70

70

70

60

60

60

70

70

70

70

60

70

Feb.

70

70

70

60

45

45

 ±5

45

45

45

- 45

45

50

50

45

50

40

45

50

50

60

60

60

70

60

70

70

70

Mar.

70

70

240

215

185

185

185

150

150

110

125

100

135

110

105

100

90

90

90

70

90

90

100

100

100

70

60

60

50

45

45

Apr.

50

50

70

60

70

100

135

135

110

150

240

415

925

990

860

1,210

1,460

2,910

3,270

5,210

4,690

3,150

2,340

1,550

1,210

925

800

647

528

443

May

390

365

320

284

267

258

233

244

269

269

300

284

255

238

222

244

244

222

206

528

769

800

557

390

300

255

222

200

184

168

154

June

144

138

190

180

238

211

284

670

862

738

471

320

284

284

249

238

211

190

184

190

180

164

184

154

154

164

180

166

146

136

July

131

126

131

122

146

141

390

587

390

269

258

416

300

230

177

161

141

126

117

108

99

94

126

108

108

99

94

90

90

86

82

Aug.

78

78

78

78

74

74

82

74

74

74

99

86

78

78

70

70

70

82

86

94

108

141

122

103

90

86

82

90

94

94

86

Sept.

82

122

146

171

136

nr

141

156

156

136

122

117

108

99

99

94

99

117

136

161

187

214

177

161

141

131

126

122

112

108

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 1 to Apr. 19.

Monthly discharge of Eau Claire River at Kelly, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923 

[Drainage area, 326 square miles]

Month

Januafy. ....................................

April.. __________________ ... ....

July............. ............................

September-.: ...... .....................

Theyear.. ___ '. ____ .....

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

108 

365 

215 

100 

70 

240 

5,210 

800 

862 

587 

141 

214

5,210

Minimum

90 

94 

90 

60 

40 

45 

50 

154 

136 

82 

70 

82

40

Mean

95.5 

170 

118 

75.5 

54.6 

109 

1,160 

311 

263 

179 

«6.2 

133

229

Per 

square 

mile

0.293 

.521 

.362 

.232 

.167 

.334 

3.56 

.954 

.807 

.549 

.264 

.408

.702

Run-off 

in inches

0.34 

.58 

.42 

.27 

.17 

.39 

3.97 

1.10 

.90 

.63 

.30 

.46

9.53

BIG EAU PLEINE RIVER NEAR STRATFORD, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 13, T. 27 N., R. 3 E. at highway bridge at a place locally 

known as Weber farm, 2 miles north of Stratford, Marathon County, and 

1 mile above Chicago & Northwestern Railway bridge. Dill Creek enters 

from right 5 miles above station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 223 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=-6 

miles).
UPPER . MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 89

EECORDS AVAILABLE. July 24, 1914, to September 30, 1923,

GAGE. Sloping gage, reading from 1.0 to 15.6 feet, on right bank of river and 

vertical staff gage, reading from 15 to 18 feet, at upper end of sloping gage; 

read by Christian Weber.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made by wading 1,000 feet below gage or from 

highway bridge half a mile below.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of heavy gravel and rock. Control at 

head of rapids 400 feet below gage. Banks at gage are high and are overflowed only at stage of 15 feet.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.25 feet at 

6 p. m. April 18 (discharge, 2,360 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.23 feet 

at 6 p. m. August 17 and 7 a. m. August 18 (discharge, about 2.3 secondfeet).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 10.9 feet at 4.30 p. m. November 

10, 1919 (discharge, 8,630 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, that of 

August 17 and 18, 1923. The flood of June, 1914, reached a maximum 

height of 20.7 feet as determined by levels run to high-water marks.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected 

by ice. Eating curve well defined above 50 second-feet; poorly defined 

below. Gage read to half-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge obtained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table, except during winter, when 

no records were obtained. Eecords for medium and high stages good; for 

low stages fair; and for extremely low water poor.

The following discharge measurement was made by E. E. Foster: 

June 29, 1923: Gage height, 2.01 feet; discharge, 51 second-feet.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Big Eau Pleine River near Stratford, Wis., for 

the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

l._ 

2 ___ ......................

3- . 

4k.. .........................

5..... - ..................

6 .........................

7 .......

8... __ . .. .......

9. _ .......................

10........ ...................

11.-... .................. ....

12.. .........................

13...... ..................

14.-. .

15--_ _

16-....... ................

17..... ...................

18--. - 

19.. ___ ...

20 

21.. ........................

22-__ ._....___ __

23.- .........

24.-... ........ .........

25.-. -. -.. .......

26 

27.. ...... ..........

28...... ............. ........

29...........................

30- . 

31...........................

Oct.

6.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

6.6

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

11.0

9.0

9.0

9.0

9.0

9.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

Nov.

7.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

15.0

27

25

22

22

22

22

18.0

22

19.4

18.0

18.0

18.0

47

244

122

75

57

49

41

30

29

29

25

27

Dec.

63

36

31

29

25

16.8

12.0

11.0

8.0

7.0

6.6

6.0

5.0

4.6

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.4

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

Apr.

1,050

1,320

1,950

1,950

1,470

1,320

1,180

815

483

336

244

206

182

148

119

May

102

73

75

71

63

58

57

58

57

91

102

83

58

52

46

55

55

46

46

319

302

182

124

91

47

53

40

33

31

27

24

June

21

19.4

13.8

18.0

22

19.4

182

530

302

159

102

79

58

46

.33

27

24

19.4

18.0

27

96

58

40

32

40

71

98

67

46

33

July

27

24

21

18.0

705

630

206

102

63

40

33

31

27

24

19.4

16.2

13.8

11.0

9.5

8.5

7.0

6.6

8.5

10.5

12.0

9.5

9.5

9.5

9.5

9.5

7.0

Aug.

6.6

6.2

5.8

5.4

5.0

' 4.6

5.6

6.2

6.2

6.2

5.8

5.0

4.2

3.8

2.9

2.9

2.7

2.7

2.9

2.9

8.5

7.0

6.6

6.2

5.8

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

Sept.

5.6

9.5

9.5

7.0

6.2

6.2

6.2

6.2

5.8

5.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.6

3.8

3.8

5.8

16.2

18.0

19.4

' 18.0

16.2

13.8

11.5

8.5

7.0

6.6

6.2

24

19.4
90 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

Monthly discharge of Big Eau Pleine River near Stratford, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 223 square miles]

Month

October. ________ . _ . _ ... __ ....

November ______________ _

December 1-23 ___________ . ..........

April 16-30..... _-._.-..._......

July...... ...................................

September ___________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

12.0 

244 

63 

1,950 

319 

530 

705 

8.5 

24.0

Minimum

6.0 

7.0 

3.0 

119.0 

24.0 

 13.8 

6.6 

2.7 

3.8

Mean

7.99 

43.5 

12.7 

852. 

81.3 

76.7 

68.7 

5.20 

9.48

Per 

square 

mile

0.036 

.195 

.057 

3.82 

.365 

.344 

.308 

.023 

.043

Run-off 

in inches

0.04 

.22 

.03 

2.13 

.42 

.38 

.36 

.03 

.05

KICKAPOO RIVER AT GAYS HILLS, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 28, T. 10 N., R. 4 W., at highway bridge immediately below 

Norwood Mill, in Gays Mills, Crawford County, 2 miles below mouth of 

Tainter Creek, which enters from right, and 25 miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 629 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911, scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. December 25, 1913, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to downstream side of bridge; read by George 

Atwood.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by wading 

a short distance below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel composed of rock covered by a deposit of 

sand and silt; banks at gage section fairly high and not subject to overflow. 

No definite control.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 12.50 feet 

at 8 a. m. April 3 (discharge, about 4,300 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.4 

feet August 17, 19, 25, and 26 (discharge, 198 second-feet).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 15.05 feet March 24, 1917 (discharge, about 6,300 second-feet); minimum discharge, about 100 secondfeet during the latter part of January, 1915.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. Mills at Gays Mills immediately above the station, at Soldiers 

Grove 7 miles upstream, and at several points above Soldiers Grove use 

comparatively little storage, so that recorded flow past station represents 

nearly natural flow. During low stages a small diurnal fluctuation is observed at gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent. One poorly defined 

rating curve and shifting-control method used during year. Gage read 

.to half-tenths twice daily. Diurnal fluctuation at gage during low stages. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height, corrected for 

shifting control, to rating table, except for period when stage-discharge 

relation was affected by ice, for which it was ascertained by applying 

to rating table mean daily gage height corrected for ice effect by means of 

one discharge measurement, observer's notes, and weather records. Records 

fair.
TJPPEB MISSISSIPPI EIVEB BASIN

Discharge measurements of Kickapoo River at Gays Mills, Wis., during the year

ending September 80,

Date

Oct. 6

Jan. 27

June 4

Made by 

-...do... ..............

S. B. Soul§ _ .........

a

Feet 

1.41

-1.75

1.98

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

230

228

361

Date

Aug. 23

23

Made by 

.....do .. 

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.60

1.74

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

230

284

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kickapoo River at Gays Mills, Wis., for the year 

ending September 80,

Day

1..............

2..............

3*

4 ........ _

5 __

6... _ ........

7..............

8..... ......

0..............

10..............

11 __ ..........

12... _ ........

13.... _ .......

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

10..............

20..............

21.. _ .........

22..............

23..............

24..............

26.............

26..............

27..............

28-. .

29..............

30..............

31 ...........

Oct.

285

265

265

246

246

236

285

305

285

285

285

265

246

246

285

265

265

265

285

265

265

265

265

265

265

265

246

265

34A

265

265

Nov.

325

365

365

305

305

492

407

325

325

305

305

325

325

345

345

325

305

325

365

365

325

305

305

305

285

265

305

305

285

305

Dec.

365

365

305

285

256

9>tft

265

305

265

265

285

220

245

245

225

245

245

245

245

245

255

255

255

245

265

265

265

245

255

285

235

Jan.

275

236

220

225

220

220

220

235

235

220

225

235

235

225

235

220

220

225

225

225

220

220

220

220 o>ifl

220

235

225

246

245

255

Feb.

235

235

255

245

245

235

235

265

255

275

235

255

275

255

255

265

255

275

265

265

265

265

265

285

AM*

649

1,150

1,150

Mar.

1,150

1,780

2,260

2,100

1,700

536

440

603

940

1,210

1,270

767

492

470

345

407

345

305

409

536

fl40

672

695

EQA

440

536

536

ASS

015

710

Apr.

743

1,420

4 9<lf>

4,180

3,950

2,900

2,340

1,450

940

840

1,270

1,450

1,060

865

695

626

580

536

402

514

514

558

767

536

A<\f)

440

428

407

388

386

May

365

365

325

325

325

325

325

325

365

345

325

325

305

305

325

365

345

325

325

492

428

345

305

285

285

285

26$

265

285

285

256

June

265

256

285

305

365

672

603

449

386

345

345

470

492

514

386

325

325

305

325

365

470

365

305

325

325

1,330

719

865

492

407

July

365

386

626

345

345

402

325

305

305

285

285

285

285

285

285

265

256

256

256

265

256

256

256

256

2S6

256

25ft

265

256

265

265

Aug.

246

246

246

227

227

236

227

246

236

246

246

236

227

236

218

208

108

208

198

218

256

240

256

208

10ft

198

218

236

266

227

218

Sept.

265

285

345

256

236

227

236

213

246

236

218

237

218

218

218

218

236

256

285

449

492

386

285

265

256

256

256

246

285

265

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 11 to Mar. 1. 

76612 2ft WSP 565 7
92 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Monthly discharge of Kickapoo River at Gays Mills, Wis., for the year ending

September SO, 1928 

[Drainage area, 629 square miles]

Month

April.. ...... 

July........................................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

305 

492 

365 

275 

1,150 

2,260 

4,240 

492 

1,330 

626 

256 

492

4,240

Minimum

236 

265 

220 

210 

235 

305 

386 

256 

256 

256 

198 

218

198

Mean

266 

328 

264 

229 

341 

815 

1,200 

326 

446 

301 

229 

270

417

Per

square 

mile

0.423 

.521 

.420 

.364 

.542 

1.30 

1.91 

.518 

.709 

.479 

.364 

.429

.663

Run-off 

in inches

0.49 

.58 

.48 

.42 

.56 

1.50 

2.13 

.60 

.79 

.55 

.42 

.48

9.00

TURKEY RIVER AT GARBER, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 36, T. 92 N., R. 4 W., at single-span highway bridge at 

Garber, Clayton County, 2,000 feet below mouth of Elk Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,530 square miles (measured on map issued by United States 

Geological Survey; scale 1:500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 29, 1913, to November 30, 1916; May 14, 1919, 

to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream handrail of bridge; read by E. J. 

Prolow.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and mud; channel shifting. 

Right bank high and not subject to overflow; left bank is overflowed at 

stages above 13 feet, road to left end of bridge is overflowed at gage height 

22 feet.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 24.1 feet at 

6 p. m. April 3 (discharge, about 21,800 second-feet); minimum discharge, 

130 second-feet October 13.

1913-1916; 1919-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 28.06 feet February 

23, 1922j minimum discharge, 88 second-feet September 5, 6, and 7, 1922.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. Gage readings discontinued.

REGULATION. An electric light plant and grist mill at Elkader probably cause a 

slight diurnal fluctuation.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed April 8. Both rating curves fairly 

well defined between 200 and 11,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths 

twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage 

height to rating table except as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records fair. i

Discharge measurements of Turkey River aLGarber, Iowa, during the year ending

September SO, 1923 

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Feb. 21.... ... __ ....... __ ................. _ ................ _ . _ .......

Gage 

height

Feet 

"4.05

3.56

Discharge

Sec.-/*. 

135

205

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 93

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Turkey River at Garber, Iowa, for the year ending

September 30, 1928

Day

1.. ....

2 

3. 

4_ ......

5 .. 

6 

7. .......

8...... .....

ft.. ....

10 

11 __ . ......

12...........

13 

14...... _ ..

15 

16.. ....

17.. .....

18 

19 

20 

21..... ......

22 

23

24 ........

28.. 

26 . 

27. 

28 ...-

29. ......

30...........

31 .......

Oct.

225

225

225

245

270

225

245

1,520

462

430

400

315

136

166

160

160

184

225

225

290

225

225

225

245

225

233

275

265

249

270

325

Nov.

665

630

630

665

630

585

560

560

495

495

528

560

585

630

595

560

560

528

528

560

560

560

560

528

560

462

430

430

400

430

Dec.

430

528

430

462

430

430

Feb.

135

9 fifid

3,020

1,760

1,060

Mar.

1,140

1,360

1,360

8,480

4,320

3,120

3,120

2,840

560

1,220

840

1,140

1,140

560

560

180

180

180

170

160

180

2,000

2,160

2,160

2,240

2,410

2,240

2,320

2,580

2,580

2,160

Apr.

3,420

6,180

19,300

16,300

13,700

6,400

3,920

1 660

1,180

1,100

1,100

1,260

860

890

820

820

820

820

820

1,030

1,180

1,180

1,180

860

890

890

785

750

750

May

785

500

450

555

500

528

425

425

425

425

400

400

378

378

378

378

355

328

328

Q1Q

328

318

318

298

278

302

319

302

264

252

June

252

198

202

202

202

198

202

200

225

215

255

324

306

324

337

302

332

302

332

400

450

475

475

475

475

400

215

195

210

186

July

205

1,380

480

355

373

264

243

302

246

235

440

355

355

288

232

210

220

220

182

220

205

180

172

172

195

185

205

186

174

186

Aug.

178

184

180

195

205

220

215

337

225

218

215

178

174

186

186

186

182

186

240

235

246

235

170

182

182

235

215

205

222

Sept.

310

555

286

252

94A

246

215

235

475

Qfl9

230

1O9

218

195

205

156

166

205

1,740

1,100

450

310

290

286

286

294

278

fidR

555

NOTE. Discharge estimated Mar. 18-23.

Monthly discharge of Turkey River at Garber, Iowa, for the year ending September

80, 1928 

[Drainage area, 1,530 square miles]

Month

April.. . . - ........ .... ...

May. . . .. __ ........

June ___ _ ___ . __ . _ , __ ..

July

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,520 

665 

8,480 

19,300 

785 

475 

1,380 

337 

1,740

Minimum

136 

400 

160 

750 

252 

186 

172 

170 

156

Mean

293 

550 

1,800 

3,070 

385 

296 

287 

206 

370

Per

square 

mile

0.192 

.358 

1.18 

2.01 

.252 

.193 

.188 

.135 

.242

Run-off 

in inches

a 22

.40 

1.36 

2.24 

.29 

.22 

.22 

.16 

.27

MAQUOEETA RIVER BELOW NORTH FORE OF MAQUOEETA RIVEB, NEAB MAQUOEETA, IOWA

.LOCATION. In southwest corner NE. ^ sec. 17, T. 84 N., R. 3 E., at Bridgeport Bridge, 1,200 feet above mouth of Mill Creek, 2 miles below mouth of 

North Fork of Maquoketa River, and 3 miles northeast of Maquoketa, 

Jackson County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,600 square miles (measured on map issued by United 

States Geological Survey; scale, 1 : 500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 1, 1913, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream handrail of bridge, 100 feet from 

right abutment; read by John Strodthoff.
94 SURFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

DISCHARGE MEASUBEMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. No definite control; bed composed of sand and

mud; shifts during high water. Above 12-foot stage, overflow occurs under

a pile trestle approach on left side. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 20.6 feet at

11.45 a. m. April 4 (discharge, 18,500 second-feet); minimum stage recorded,

1.5 feet July 26 (discharge, 315 second-feet).

1913-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 22.0 feet March 27, 1916 (discharge,

21,300 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.59 feet December 25, 1918 (discharge,

about 245 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed June 11-21 and again September

2. Rating curves fairly well denned between 300 and 16,000 second-feet.

Gage read to hundredths once daily and frequently during periods of high

water. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to

rating tables; shifting-control method used June 11-21. Records good.

Discharge measurements of Maquoketa River below North Fork of Maquoketa

River, near Maquoketa, Iowa, during the year ending September SO, 1923

[MadebyJ.B.Spiegel]

Date

Feb. 23 . . ... . .-.... . . ...

June 28 ____________________________ . ____ . _ . _ . __ ..

Gage 

height

Feet 

-2.92

2.25

Discharge

Sec.-ft, 

373

574

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Maquoketa River below North Fork of Maquo~ 

keta River, near Maquoketa, Iowa, for the year ending September SO, 192S

Day

I 

2... 

3-. ...-.

4 

5 ___ ....

6... ........

9 

10 

11 

12 -.

13 

14 

15 

18.. 

17 

18 

19 «i

Q1

22 __ _

09

24 

25.. _ ......

26

tyy

28

29 __ .. ....

30. . .......

31. .- 

Oct.

495

515

495

495

495

495

515

495

475

495

495

495

495

495

495

515

495

475

495

475

475

495

515

495

485

475

475

475

495

dQt;

Nov.

515

825

730

595

640

685

685

640

595

575

630

685

1,080

1,180

1,020

875

775

775

825

775

730

685

685

685

595

595

640

685

595

595

Dec.

640

685

662

640

575

495

555

595

550

500

450

422

Feb.

373

Mar.

800

900

1,020

2,370

2,430

1,630

1,080

875

825

975

685

640

685

640

575

535

495

640

475

495

575

685

640

825

925

825

875

925

975

2,310

11810

Apr.

1,810

2,740

11,606

18,300

13,200

6,060

4,200

3,060

2,190

1,750

1,510

1,390

1,340

1,280

1,220

1,180

1,120

1,020

1,020

975

975

1,020

1,180

1,080

1,120

925

875

875

800

730

May

730

640

595

575

555

495

495

475

475

475

495

595

595

535

535

495

515

555

525

495

536

475

440

440

422

422

422

440

420

406

390

Jane

422

390

495

458

440

405

555

495

442

405

495

458

495

618

495

458

405

422

390

390

405

390

390 a?5

390

495

458

495

555

495

July

422

390

850

1,120

1,180

555

475

475

440

458

422

515

422

405

390

390

390

375

360

345:

34$

330

345

338

330

315

346

360

345

360

330

Aug.

330

345

345

422

375

360

475

2,000

730

555

475

640

1,120

640

515

458

49S

450

405

, 375

360

405

390

375

345

345

390

975

515

468

405

Sept.

825

6,670

3,420

1,560

1,080

810

1,220

810

675

585

530

520

540

480

436

480

46Q

400

400

440

3,880

2,440

1,500

1,160

905

810

720

675

675

810

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 9-11, Mar. 1 and 2; discharge estimated. Discharge interpolated Oct. 26, Nov. 5,11, Dec. 3, Apr. 29, May 19, 29, 30, July 19, 24, Aug. 18, and Sept 15,
UPPEK MISSISSIPPI BIVER BASIN 95

Monthly discharge of Maquoketa River below North Fork of Maquoketa River, near 

Maquoketa, Iowa, for the year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 1,600 square miles]

Month

March ______________________

April. ...... ..._ .. ... 

May ____________________ .

July........................................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

515 

1,180 

2,430 

18,300 

730 

618 

1,180 

2,000 

6,670

Minimum

475 

515 

475 

730 

390 

375 

315 

330 

400

Mean

492 

720 

972 

2,880 

505 

453 

456 

531 

1,190

Per 

square 

mile

0.308 

.450 

.608 

1.80 

.316 

.283 

.285 

.332 

.744

Run-off 

in inches

a 36 

.50 

.70 

2. 1 

.36 

.32 

.33 

.38 

.83

ROCK RIVER AT AFTON, WIS.

LOCATION. On line between sees. 22 and 27, T. 2 N., R. 12 E. at highway bridge 

in Afton, Rock County, 9 miles above Illinois State line. Bass Creek enters 

from right three-fourths mile below station.

DRAINAGE ABE A. 3,190 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch = 

6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 5, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to downstream side of bridge; read by George Robb.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from the downstream side of bridge and by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Banks medium high and will not be overflowed to any 

extent at flood stages; channel gravel and clean silt, practically permanent. 

Control not well defined.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 9.55 feet at 

6.45 a. m. April 12 (discharge, 10,400 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.08 foot 

at 6.40 a. m. December 9 (discharge, about 370 second-feet).

1914-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, 10.51 feet at noon March 26,' 

1918 (discharge, 12,700 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, that of 

December 9,1922.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. Operation of power plants at Janesville and above causes slight 

fluctuation at gage during low stages.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. Rating curve fairly 

well defined between 600 and 1,000 second-feet; well defined between 1,000 

and 7,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Some diurnal 

fluctuation at low stages. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily 

gage height to rating curve, except for periods when stage-discharge relation 

was affected by ice, for which it was ascertained by applying to rating table 

mean daily gage height corrected for ice effect by means of observer's notes 

and weather records. Open-water records for low stages fair; for medium 

and high stages good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Rock River at Afton, Wis., during the year ending

September 30, 1923

Date

Nov. 15

Mar. 24

Made by 

s. B. Soule _ ........

J. H. Olson.... ........

S. B. Soule _ ........

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.01

1.66

4 d.fi

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,050

2,870

Date

July 4

18

Made by 

S. B. Soule .........

...-do-. ...........

... ..do... ..............

Gage 

height

Feet 

6.70

1.62

1.35

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

5,530

776

673
96

Daily di,

SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

, in second-feet, of Rock River at Afton, Wis., for the year ending 

September SO, 1923

Day

1 ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6 _ ...........

7........... ...

8........ __ .

9 __ ..........

10. ..........

11... _ ........

12..............

13 

14 

IS..............

16 

17........ ..

18 . ...

19 

20........ ...

21........ .......

22 

23 

24 

25 ..........

26.. .......

27.. .........

28....... .......

29 .......

30 

31 . .

Oct.

1,060

1,060

950

950

900

755

1,060

1,060

i nnn

900

900

850

850

800

850

900

850

710

800

850

950

850 7*15

950

950

800

710

950

pen

710

QCA

Nov.

950

950

900

800

950

850

755

900

950

900

900

900

1,060

1,060

1,000

1,060

850

950

900

1,180

1,240

1,180

1 060

1,180

1,180

850

850

1,060

1,000

Dec.

850

950

900

900

1,000

900

onn

1,000

560

1,180

900

7KK

1,060

1,060

1 000

950

1,000

onn

950

850

onn

850

QCrt

ocn

755

1,000

1,060

900

850

850

7cc

Jan.

755

OKA

755

1,000

Qcn

850

i fififi

850

1 000

1,120

1,240

1,060

950

850 9ft\

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,120

1,120

Oftft

1,370

1,300

1,060

1,180

950

1,060

850

1,120

1,060

QAA

Feb.

1,060

i iftrt

1 ftfifl

900

1,120

1,060

i fififi

1,120

800

onfl

755

onn

1,060

900

1 fifift

1 ftfifl

1,060

950

950

950

1 000

1,' 060

1 000

1,180

1,300

2,310

2,400

1 ' 880

Mar.

1,370

1, 510

1,650

2,670

2,580

3,360

3,470

4,030

3,800

4,150

4,030

4,510

3,910

3,580

3,690

3,470

3,360

3,260

2,960

3,470

3,360

3,580

3,160

3,160

3,260

2,960

2,960

2,580

O r&f)

2,670

2 4OO

Apr.

2,400

2,580

5,680

5,550

5,820

6,520

7,400

8,370

9,110

9,700

10,100

10,300

10,300

10,300

10,100

9,700

9,500

9,110

8,650

8,200

8,030

7,870

7,870

7,400

7,100

6,660

6,520

6,100

5,820

5,550

May

5,290

5,030

4,640

4, 510

4,030

3,800

3,690

3,260

3,060

2,860

2,580

9 4Qn

2,130

1,960

1,720

2,130

1,510

1,510

1,440

1,510

1,650

1,580

1,510

1,580

1,650

1,580

1,440

1,440

1,370

1,370

June

1,240

1,180

1,120

1,240

1,180

1,180

1,240

1,180

950

850

1,000

1,180

1,240

800

850

1,000

755

755

630

755

755

900

1,000

1,000

1,060

1,370

1,240

1,240

1,180

1,000

July

800

850

1,000

900

850

1,370

1,240

1,000

800

800

1,300

1,180

1,240

1,120

710

755

900

800

800

800

755

850

710

900

800

755

710

710

595

630

755

Aug.

710

710

710

670

560

560

630

710

670

670

670

800

755

710

850

755

710

670

560

670

755

800

755

670

630

630

755

755

755

710

755

Sept.

710

595

670

800

710

755

800

755

710

755

850

800

755

755

670

595

630

710

710

1,180

1,800

1,300

900

1,000

950

900

950

850

950

850

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 12-24, Jan. 10-13, 17, and Feb. 2-24.

Monthly discharge of Rock River at Afton, Wis., for the year ending September 30,

1923 

[Drainage area, 3,190 square miles]

Month

October. _ __ ...... _ ... _ __ ..

November.. _ ..... ___ ..... __ ___ .

December... __ ... __. ...... _ .

February __ .. __ .. . ..... _ .

April. ____ _..... .........

June -. __ _ .. __ __ ......

July........................................

August.. ___ _ .. .. __ .

September- . __ ... __ __ ___ .....

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,060 

1,240 

1,180 

1,370 

2,400 

4,510 

10,300 

5,290 

1,370 

1,370 

850 

1,800

10,300

Minimum

710 

755 

560 

755 

755 

1,370 

2,400 

1,370 

630 

595 

560 

595

560

Mean

886 

977 

916 

1,010 

1,140 

3,150 

7,610 

2,440 

1,040 

883 

701 

846

1,800

Per

square 

mile

0.278 

.306 

.287 

.317 

.357 

.987 

2.39 

.765 

.326 

.277 

.220 

.265

.564

Run-off 

in inches

0.32 

.34 

.33 

.37 

.37 

1.14 

2.67 

.88 

.86 

.32 

.25 

.30

7.65

BOCK RIVER AT LYNDON, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 21, T. 20 N., R. 5 E., at highway bridge known as Lyndon 

Bridge, in Lyndon, Whiteside County; 10 miles above Rock Creek and 20 

miles below dam at Sterling.

DRAINAGE AREA. 9,010 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 24, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge; read by George Cady.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVEB BASIN

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. -Bed composed of gravel and boulders, practically 

permanent. Banks wooded.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 14.7 feet 

April 11 (discharge, 29,800 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 4.53 feet 

at 7 a. m. September 5 (discharge, 1,220 second-feet).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 19.6 feet February 16, 1918 (discharge not determined because of backwater from ice). Maximum openwater stage recorded, 17.0 feet March 28, 1916 (discharge, 39,500 secondfeet) ; minimum stage, 3.72 feet September 27, 1918 (discharge, 536 secondfeet).

DIVERSIONS. Water diverted at Sterling Dam to feed Illinois & Mississippi 

Canal probably averages about 100 second-feet.

REGULATION. Flow past gage regulated by power plants in city of Sterling 

and above, mean of two daily readings of gage during low stages is probably 

somewhat less than true mean daily gage height due to such regulation.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; seriously affected by 

ice during winter. Hating curve well defined between 1,000 and 25,000 

second-feet, fairly well defined beyond these limits. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Diurnal fluctuation at gage rather large during low 

stages. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height 

to rating table except as shown in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records good for medium and high stages; poor for low stages and for periods of 

ice effect.

The following discharge measurement was made by H. E. Grosbach: 

March 7,1923: Gage height, 8.58 feet; discharge, 9,820 second-feet.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Rock River at Lyndon, III., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

Day

1 ~ .

2 

3.. -

4... __ -----

5 ..... ... -

6 ......

7 .........

8 ......

9.. . .........

10 

11 

12 

13. 

14 

15. 

16 

17 . 

18 

19 . .-.

20 - 

21 

99

23 

24..... .

25 

26.... ...

27 .........

28

29 .......

30 

31 

Oct.

1,910

1,910

2,210

2,210

1,910

2,060

2,060

2,060

2,060

1,910

2,060

1,910

2,060

1,910

Nov.

1,910

2,060

1,910

1,910

2,060

1,910

2,060

2,210

2,370

2,370

2,700

2,870

2,870

2,870

2,870

2,700

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,370

2,700

2,870

2,700

2, 530

2,700

2,530

2,210

2,210

2,370

2,210

Dec.

2,370

2,420

2,470

2,530

2,370

2,370

2,370

2,700

2,370

2,870

3,610

3,420

Jan.

.3,420

Feb.

>3,420

4,350

Mar.

6,700

8,720

8,980

8,980

8,720

8,200

8,460

8,200

8 460

8,460

8,460

8,460

8,720

8,720

8,720

8,720

10 600

11,100

13,600

18,100

21,100

21,100

21,100

18,800

17,500

16,200

Apr.

13,600

16,000

16,000

15,600

16,000

19,100

21, 100

23,800

25, 400

28,200

29,800

28,600

25,800

20,800

19,700

16,900

14,800

14,200

13,900

13,600

13,300

11,700

11,400

11,100

11,100

10,800

10,000

9,770

9,770

9,500

May

9,240

8,720

6,710

6,230

6,280

6,230

5,990

5,990

5,990

5,750

5,750

5,520

5,520

5,290

4,620

4,000

3,800

3,610

3,050

2,700

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,370

2,370

2,210

2,210

2,210

9 Ofifl

2,060

2,060

June

2,210

2,210

2,370

2,530

2,700

2,870

2,870

3,050

3,230

3,610

3,610

3,230

3,420

3,230

3,420

3,610

2,060

1,910

1,910

1,910

1,910

1,910

1,770

1,840

1,910

2,060

2,060

2,060

2,060

2,210

July

2,210

2,210

2,060

2,210

2,210

2,060

2,210

2,370

2,530

2,210

2,060

2,060

2,210

2,370

2,370

2,530

2,370

1,700

1,510

1,640

1,640

1,510

1,640

1,390

1,510

1,640

1,510

1,390

1,510

1,700

1,390

Aug.

1,510

1,330

1,270

1,450

1,510

1,580

1,700

2,370

2,530

2,530

2,370

2,210

2,370

2,370

1,910

1,910

2,060

2,210

1,580

2,530

2,530

1,580

2,370

2,530

2,420

Sept.

2,310

2,210

2,210

1,700

1,450

1,700

2,060

2,060

2,530

2,370

2,870

3,230

3,050

3,420

3,230

3,050

2,700

2,870

NOTE. Gage not read Dec. 2, 3, June 24, Aug. 31, and Sept. 1; discharge Interpolated, 

relation affected by ice Dec. 12 to Mar. 6; discharge estimated from gage heights, observer's notes, and 

weather records.
SUBFAGE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

Monthly discharge of Rock River at Lyndon, III., for the year ending September SO,

1928

[Drainage area, 9,010 square miles]

.... Month

November... _________________

December. ________ ____ - .....

February ___________________

March

Apifl-..:..... ...............................

May.... _ . ________________ ...

July.......................................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

2,870

21,100

29,800 

9,240 

3,610 

2,530

Minimum

1,910

9,500 

2,060 

1,770 

1,390

Mean

2,420 

3,120 

3,420 

3,520 

10,900 

16,700 

4,390 

2,520 

1,930

Per 

square 

mile

0.269 

.346 

.380 

.391 

1.21 

1.85 

.487 

.280 

.214

Run-off 

in inches

0.30 

.40 

.44 

.41 

1.40 

2.06 

.56 

.31 

.25

FECATONICA RIVER AT FREEPORT, III.

LOCATION. In sec. 32, T. 27 N., R. 8 E., at highway bridge at Hancock Avenue, 

half a mile east of Illinois Central Railroad station at Freeport, Stephenson 

County, and 2 miles above mouth of Yellow Creek.

DRAINAGE ABBA. 1,330 square miles.

RECOEDS AVAILABLE. September 11, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to upstream side of bridge; read by W. C. Krueger.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and silt; likely to shift. Left 

bank of only medium height and is overflowed during high water; at stages 

above 17 feet part of flow passes over left bank and through East Freeport.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 18.35 feet at 

5 p. m. April 6 (discharge, 13,100 second-feet); minimum stage, 3.35 feet 

July 22 (discharge, 262 second-feet).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 19.4 feet March 28,1916 (discharge, 

17,000 second-feet); minimum discharge, 200 second-feet December 14, 

1917.

REGULATION. A dam and power plant three-fourths mile upstream regulates 

flow past gage. Only slight diurnal fluctuation is noticeable.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly during year; affected by 

ice during winter. Rating curves well defined between 400 and 7,000 secondfeet, and fairly well defined beyond these limits. Gage read to hundredths 

twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage 

height to rating table. Records good for medium and high stages, fair for 

low stages during open-water periods; poor for periods of ice effect.

Discharge measurements of Pecatonica River at Freeport, III., during the year ending September SO, 1923

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Mar. 8. . . .. ... .... . .... . ..... ........... ..

Gage 

height

Feet 

7.49

16.71

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,150

8,190
UFPEB MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 99

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pecatonica River at Ffeeport, III., for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 _ ...........

2.. 

3 

4 _ . _____ .

5... _____ .

6..............

7 ___ ........

8..............

9..............

10.......... _ .

11 . 

12..............

13 ...........

14. _ . __ .....

15 ___ ........

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22... _ ........

23..............

24... _ ...

25..............

26..............

27.... ........

28. _ ..........

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

447

447

465

447

447

447

601

601

601

601

483

483

483

465

465

447

465

483

429

465

483

412

447

501

483

483

465

465

412

483

465

Nov.

465

519

575

575

575

519

615

655

555

465

465

465

601

537

795

735

615

595

575

575

575

537

519

519

501

501

465

501

501

501

Dec.

601

519

575

537

601

483

447

361

450

695

Jan.

1,020

925

835

655

537

447

429

429

465

519

519

537

501

465

483

483

537

501

595

835

1,050

855

735

615

575

501

519

501

501

501

4S3

Feb.

475

1,020

1,430

2,000

3,030

Mar.

3,580

3,580

3,580

2,800

5,080

4,710

3,430

1,820

1,300

1,460

1,380

1,250

815

675

675

537

447

635

615

655

695

735

1,080

1,910

2,550

2,310

2,070

1,820

1,610

1,700

1,430

Apr.

1,430

1,580

3,290

5,210

8,000

12,600

12,600

10,600

7,510

6,110

4,000

2,230

1,640

1,280

1,120

1,020

1,020

975

925

835

815

795

795

795

815

755

715

715

675

635

May

615

595

575

1 575

555

537

537

537

537

519

537

519

555

537

519

537

537

555

575

575

555

537

537

555

501

483

465

447

429

429

429

June

429

429

412

395

465

412

615

735

715

715

695

675

595

483

429

412

395

395

395

395

378

328

296

296

296

395

615

795

735

695

July

395

395

395

395

447

2,600

1,200

1,050

795

501

465

447

429

429

395

345

345

330

315

300

300

270

270

270

300

393

300

345

361

345

345

Aug.

345

345

361

345

361

393

640

950

5QO

377

345

330

330

330

315

315

300

300

315

361

410

410

410

393

361

346

480

410.

427

462

Sept.

444

410

462

856

878

748

856

790

600

462

487

427

444

393

361

361

345

361

361

856

1,420

1,280

580

377

462

480

480

500

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by iee Dec. 9-30 and Feb. 1-24; discharge estimated from gageheight record, observer's notes, and weather records. Braced figures indicate mean discharge for periods 

included.

Monthly discharge of Pecatonica River at Freeport, III., for the year ending September

30, 1923

[Drainage area, 1,330 square miles]

Month

October _________________ .

December. __________________

February.. ..................................

April __ . _ . _________________ .

May..... ..._ _ __. ___

June _ ___________________ ..

July.........................................

September ___________________

The year. _______ L _______

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

501 

735 

695 

1,060 

3,030

5,080 

12,600 

615 

735 

2,600 

960 

1,420

12,600

Minimum

412 

465 

361 

429

447 

635 

429 

296 

270 

300 

345

270

Mean

467 

560 

468 

598 

674 

1,840 

3,050 

529 

501 

499 

397 

601

845

Per 

square 

mile

0.351 

.414 

.352 

.450 

.507 

1.38 

2.29 

.398 

.377 

.375 

.298 

.452

.635

Run-off 

in inches

0.40 

.46 

.41 

.52 

.53 

1.59 

2.55 

.46 

.42 

.43 

.34 

.50

8.61

76612 26 WSP 565 8
100 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

SUGAR RIVER NEAR BRODHEAD, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 26, T. 2 N., R. 9 E., at highway bridge 2 miles southwest of 

Brodhead, Green County, and 12 miles above Illinois State line. Jordan 

Creek enters from right 2 miles below station and Little Jordan Creek, also 

from right 4 miles above.

DRAINAGE AREA. 529 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

RECPRDS AVAILABLE. February 7, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to upstream side of bridge; read by Arthur 

Christenson.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge or by wading*

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and gravel; not permanent; 

c ontrol not well defined. Right bank of medium height; seldom overflowed; 

left bank at gage overflowed at stage of 6.8 feet.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.65 feet at 

5 p. m. April 4 (discharge, 7,580 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.78 foot at 

5 p. m. August 26 (discharge, about 47 second-feet).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 11.4 feet September 13, 1915 (discharge, about 13,000 second-feet); minimum discharge, that of August 26, 

1923.

REGULATION. A power plant at Brodhead 2 miles above station causes alight 

fluctuation of stage during low water, but the pondage is small and it is 

believed that the monthly discharge represents the natural flow quite 

accurately. The difference between morning and evening gage readings 

is seldom more than 0.2 foot. There are two power plants farther upstream 

but they probably have no effect on the discharge at the gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; affected by ice and by 

shifting control. Rating curve fairly well defined between 120 and 8,000 

second-feet. Gage read to quarter-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying, directly or indirectly, mean daily gage height to 

rating table except as indicated in footnote to table of daily discharge. 

Open-water records fair; winter records poor.

Discharge measurements of Sugar River near Brodhead, Wis., during the year 

ending September 80, 1928

Date

Nov. 15

Mar. 23

Apr. 4

Made by 

S. B. Soul6 .............

J. H. Olson... ___ ..

S. B. Soulg _______

. .do..................

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.02

1.28

1.97

8.62

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

390

178

358

7,460

Date

Apr. 30

July 18

Made by 

. do. ... 

.. do... ...............

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.78

1.70

1.33

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

256

239

173
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVEE BASIN 101

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sugar River near Brodhead, Wis., for the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Day

1 . ______

2......... _ .. 3 ........ *.-.. _ . .......

5 ......

6..............

7 .... , 

8 ..;......._

9.. ............

10..............

11.. ............

12 .. __ ....

13... ...........

14 

15..............

16 .........

17 ...........

IS..............

19... ...........

20 . ........

21. ......

22.............

23. .

24 _... ..... .

26.. ............

26... ....

27 

28 ...........

29.. ........ ...

30 

31 

Oct.

160

209

209

209

193

158

248

134

191

196

222

209

209

193

127

173

193

191

196

186

999

151

175

183

175

209

196

183

122

175

Nov.

209

222

222

262

235

291

262

235

209

235

235

209

291

321

385

291

276

276

262

276

262

235

248

262

291

170

248

235

248

235

Dec.

248

262

186

262

321

276

235

291

260

145

110

195

250

210

195

220

145

195

235

185

91 n*

210

195

210

195

185

170

250

222

222

209

Jan.

458

458

385

291

248

222

188

235

222

196

306

235

235

160

276

235

306

235

220

220

185

276

262

222

235

235

222

115

209

209

235

Feb.

262

185

235

235

195

160

170

210

210

210

120

220

220

220

235

195

210

195

210

250

290

275

275

335

385

520

850

1,100

Mar.

1,380

1,620

1,600

1,800

1,500

1,260

850

458

402

543

477

385

248

306

276

235

262

275

320

335

370

385

420

420

589

520

420

420

iQft

402

Apr.

438

543

1,920

7,000 A. itn

3,450

9 Qan

2,080

1,540

1,050

700

607

562

434

AQft

496

518

475

434

434

434

454

415

396

346

300

300

271

271

May

271

230

243

243

216

190

230

257

230

04 Q

230

271

230

243

271

243

257

243

257

243

346

300

243

230

190

171

139

190

216

203

243

June

243

216

125

271

300

257

285

271

362

330

300

271

243

216

257

230

166

243

271

216

243

243

203

121

243

315

216

178

203

216

July

203

230

230

178

190

243

257

330

285

300

315

243

230

216

157

230

203

176

161

154

143

117

157

166

152

148

161

148

113

152

178

Aug.

216

185

168

132

100

154

178

139

121

190

190

72

190

190

190

190

104

102

102

230

171

190

216

243

271

69

271

216

185

148

230

Sept.

271

130

186

230

230

216

216

185

285

271

171

145

178

123

157

119

230

178

171

271

518

562

562

415

271

216

216

230

176

171

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 9-28, Jan. 19-21, Feb. 2 to Mar. 1, and Mar. 19-22; 

discharge determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of observer's notes and weather 

records.

Monthly discharge of Sugar River near Brodhead, Wis., for the year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 529 square miles]

Month

December.. __ . __ __ _ _ . ........

February ...................................

April 

May. _ .-.. .................................

June _. _ _ _._.____.____._

July ........................ .............

August _ . _________ .. _________

The year.. _________ ..........

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

248 

385 

321 

458 

1,100 

1,800 

7,000 

346 

362 

330 

271 

562

7,000

Minimum

122 

170 

110 

115 

120 

235 

271 

139 

121 

113 

69 

119

69

Mean

186 

255 

216 

250 

292 

619 

1,140 

236 

242 

199 

173 

243

336

Per 

square 

mile

tt 352

.482 

.408 

.473 

.552 

1.17 

2.16 

.446 

.457 

.376 

.327 

.459

.635

Run-off 

in inches

0.41 

.54 

.47 

.55 

.57 

1.35 

2.41 

.51 

.51 

.43 

.38 

.51

8.64

\
102 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V ' 

IOWA RIVEE AT MARSHA11TOWN, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 23, T. 84 N., R. 18 W., at Third Avenue Bridge, 1 mile north

of Marshalltown, Marshall County. Asher Creek, 1 mile above station, and

Burnett Creek, 1 mile below, enter from left. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,380 square miles (measured on map issued by United States

Geological Survey; scale, 1:500,000). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 21, 1915, to September 30, 1923. February 23,

1903, to August 8, 1903, at old dam site 1 mile above present station. 

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream handrail of bridge, 60 feet from

right pier; read by B. S. Beehrle.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Gravel bar forms control at extremely low water.

Bottom composed of mud and sand, subject to change. Banks subject to

overflow. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 10.1 feet at

9.10 a. m. April 4 (discharge, 3,970 second-feet); minimum discharge

occurred during winter.

1915-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 17.74 feet, June 4, 1918 (discharge

42,000 second-feet); minimum discharge, about 2 second-feet, November

24, 1917. 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice for short periods during extremely

cold weather. 

REGULATION. Operation of a power plant at Eldora causes slight diurnal

fluctuation during low water. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation shifted April 1. Rating curves fairly well

defined throughout. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge

ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table, except as

explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. Open-water records good;

winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Iowa River at Marshalltown, Iowa, during the year 

ending September 30,

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Jan. 29....... _ . __ ......... __ . __ . _________ _____________

May 23... ................................... _ . __ . _ ... _ ....... _ ... __ ..

Sept. 29.................................. _ .......................... _ ...........

Gage 

height

Feet 

"1.40

2.20

3.50

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

26.7

188

613

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
103

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Iowa River at Marshalltown, Iowa, for the year 

ending September 80, 1928

Day

1 _______

2 _____ .. ...

3. ____ . .....

4 __ .. __ ...

5... ___ . .....

6 __ .. __ ....

7 ___ . ___ ...

8 __ . ........

9.. .........

10_..._._..-,...

11...... ........

12..............

13 __ . .........

14 ..............

15..............

16..............

ft..............

18..............

19... _ ........

20. ..........

21 ____ . __ .

22..............

23..............

24. _ ... .......

25 _____ .. ...

26.. .........

27..............

28

29 ______ . ...

30 ...........

31 ____ ... ....

Oct.*

72

65

65

72

65

65

130

130

120

100

100

100

90

90

80

80

80

72

65

58

50

65

72

72

72

72

72

72

72

72

90

Nov.

140

255

240

215

190

178

165

120

120

120

110

120

140

178

165

165

165

190

285

418

418

190

178

140

120

120

130

120

120

120

Dec.

120

130

130

130

130

120

120

120

120

120

110

110

100

90

60

55

Jan.

45

/

40

1 30

27

30

30

Feb.

27

1-

ou

1 55

Mar.

152

202

215

1,540

525

348

330

300

240

190

I 160

240

330

545

1,040

1,840

1,980

2,340

3,480

2,820

2,690

2,140

Apr.

1,580

1,480

3,360

3,480

2,740

2,480

2 480

1,800

990

1,040

77 *\

70 c

695

695

735

695

695

695

655

655

555

465

535

500

465

500

518

430

412

360

May

325

310

310

265

185

185

210

210

210

198

%

222

295

280

280

9QP»

295

295

235

310

222

222

210

210

172

160

140

130

130

140

198

198

June

198

160

150

198

160

198

172

172

150

185

250

250

222

210

325

310

295

280

265

265

250

235

235

250

265

280

235

222

140

July

185

198

185

150

120

110

100

100

92

85

85

85

85

78

70

62

62

55

55

62

62

70

62

55

55

48

55

55

55

48

48

Aug.

48

55

55

48

55

55

62

55

55

62

62

70

78

85

110

120

130

130

120

120

120

110

100

100

85

85

110

160

140

140

130

Sept.

120"

120'

HO1

92

92:

85

OK

Q9

100

86

7ft

70fit)

55

55

62

85

100

110

395

448

448

412

395

378

360

310

250

412

615

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 15 to Feb. 28 and Mar. 11-20; discharge determined 

from a study of gage height and weather records.

Monthly discharge of Iowa River at Marshalltown, Iowa, for the year ending September SO, 192S

[Drainage area, 1,380 square miles]

Month

February _______ . _______ . ........

April........................................

July.... . ___.._ .-....- .._ .-

September.. ___________ . ..........

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

130 

418 

130

3,480 

3,480 

325 

325 

198 

160 

615

3,480

Minimum

50 

110

360 

130 

140 

48 

48 

55

Mean

80.0

178 

85.2 

38.0 

29.3 

809 

1,110 

228 

228 

85.1 

92.1 

203

264

Per

square 

mile

0.058 

.129 

.062 

.028 

.021 

.586 

.804 

.165 

.165 

.062 

.067 

.147

.191

Run-off 

in inches

0.07 

.14 

.07 

.03 

.82 

.68 

;90 

.19 

.1* 

.07 

.08 

.16

2.59
104 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

IOWA RIVER AT IOWA CITY, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 15, T. 79 N., R. 6 W., 200 feet below highway bridge in 

Iowa City, Johnson County, and 100 feet below Iowa State University 

hydraulic laboratory.

DRAINAGE AREA. 3,140 square miles (measured on map issued by United States 

Geological Survey; scale, 1:500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 19, 1921, to September 30, 1923, at present 

site; from October 30, 1913, to November 18, 1921, at highway bridge 

500 feet below Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad; June 1, 1903, to 

July 21, 1906, at highway bridge 200 feet upstream from present location.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder installed November 19, 1921. 

Prior to that date a chain gage was used. Gage datum lowered 1 foot 

October 1, 1922. Recorder inspected by Floyd A. Nagler.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable-75 feet below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand with fairly definite control at 

Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad bridge. One channel at all stages.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 9.92 feet at 

6 p. m. April 7 (discharge, 8,590 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.03 foot 

at 8 p. m. August 14 (discharge, 24 second-feet).

1903-1906; 1913-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 19.45 feet June 7, 

1918 (discharge, 36,200 second-feet); minimum discharge, about 10 secondfeet December 26, 1916. Stage refers to chain gage station.

REGULATION. Considerable diurnal fluctuation occurs at low stages, owing to 

operation of power plant above station.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined 

above 100 second-feet. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory. 

Daily discharge October 1 to November 3 ascertained by use of discharge 

integrator. Daily discharge for remainder of year ascertained by applying to rating table mean daily gage height obtained by inspection of gageheight graph or as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. Openwater records excellent; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Iowa River at Towa City, Iowa, during the year ending

September 30, 1923

Date

Nov. 14

Dec. 7

"Mar *)A.

29

Made by 

J.B.Spiegel-.. .......

Wilsey and Aj wani «...

height

Feet 

2.88

.94

2.28

6.26 

9.75

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,240

294

860

4,190 

8,360

Date

Apr. 5

7

July 23

Aug. 14

Made by 

Wilsey and Ajwani « ...

Wilsey ana Shafer "....

Gage 

height

Feet 

9.25

9.86

.40

.52

Discharge

Sec.-ft, 

7,760

8,350

124

135

1 Graduate student of hydraulics at Iowa State University.
ITPPEE MISSISSIPPI KIVEE BASIN 106

Daily discharge, in second feet, of Iowa River at Iowa City, Iowa, for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

2.. . ...

3 

4. _ . _ ------

5 ....... 

6 ...- 

7 ...........

8. _ .... .-

9 

10 .

11 

12 .

13 .

14 . 

15 ..........

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 .

29 . .

30 

31 . 

Oct.

262

225

210

214

232

231

355

375

245

262

322

331

322

340

242

300

260

298

265

248

268

265

270

266

256

238

225

265

208

222

218

Nov.

318

375

475

486

526

600

558

490

450

425

401

535

890

1,200

990

860

780

770

745

700

680

680

576

562

540

530

522

512

490

490

Dec.

476

468

472

450

437

286

311

405

297

230

220

1

I 200

I

180

200

Jan.

220

200

180

200

Feb.

320

250

210

230

290

445

580

680

Mar.

780

780

880

1,340

1,250

1,310

1,880

1,760

1,800 -980

905

830

830

755

605

468

486

590

655

170

425

680

705

930

1,200

1,310

2,200

3,360

4,380

5,740

5,380

Apr.

5,740

6,830

8,280

8,000

7,740

8,000

8,420

7,740

6,460

4,270

3,360

2,910

2,550

2,040

2,040

1,960

1,800

1,720

1,650

1,540

1,440

1,370

1,370

1,370

1,370

1,370

1,310

1,230

1,200

1,140

May

1,080

1,030

980

905

880

792

805

760

754

649

730

880

830

880

855

805

830

805

780

755

730

730

630

680

590

576

558

571

571

535

490

June

504

481

494

553

553

610

553

660

680

680

830

955

1,310

1,200

1,220

1,000

1,080

930

855

955

830

730

730

535

630

540

535

553

544

580

July

595

605

784

880

600

562

535

458

481

461

353

389

508

535

655

544

490

445

421

330

283

405

264

238

283

283

283

273

257

244

234

Aug.

234

232

220

155

314

248

562

437

* 445

522

353

389

314

153

181

236

306

232

349

202

212

230

235

239

234

333

247

218

334

670

605

Sept.

1,860

1,650

655

481

377

930

1,140

730

605

490

605

486

445

348

315

409

401

296

472

522

625

755

664

602

595

544

730

1,110

1,080

2,820

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation, affected by ice Dec. 11 to Feb. 25 and Mar. 23-25; discharge determined 

from a study of gage-height and weather records. Discharge determined by averaging the bi-hourly discharge May 6-10, July 11,19, 22, 29, Aug. 11, 14-18, 20-25, 27-29, Sept. 1, 14,15, 18, 23-25

Monthly discharge of Iowa River at Iowa City, Iowa, for the year ending September

&() 1Q99 OU, J.&&O

[Drainage area, 3,140 square miles]

Month

October.. ______ ___ .. ............

December .......... .........................

January

March

April.. ....... . .....

July. 

August _ . 

September- ..................................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

375 

1,200 

476

680 

5,740 

8,420 

1,080 

1,310 

880 

670 

2,820

8,420

Minimum

208 

318

170 

1,140 

490 

481 

234 

153 

296

Mean

266 

605 

259 

197 

293 

1,460 

3,540 

756 

744 

441 

311 

755

800

Per 

square 

mile

0.085 

.193 

.082 

.063 

.093 

.465 

1.13 

.241 

.237 

,140 

.099 

.240

.219

Run-off 

in inches

a 10

.22 

.09 

.07 

.10 

.54 

1.26 

.28 

.26 

.16 

.11 

.27

3.46

IOWA RIVER AT WAPEIIO, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 27, T. 74 N., R. 3 W., at highway bridge half a mile from

railroad station at Wapello, Louisa County, and 20 miles from mouth of

river. No important tributaries enter near station. 

DRAINAGE AREA. At gaging station, 12,480 square miles; at mouth, 12,600

square miles (measured on map issued by United States Geological Survey;

scale, 1:500,000). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 26, 1915, to September 30, 1923.
106 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

GAGE. Chain gage attached near center of first span from right abutment;

read by C. W. Warren.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and gravel; subject to shift.

Right bank high and will not be overflowed; levee along left bank, which

broke during flood of June, 1918. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE, Maximum stage recorded during year, 9.5 feet at

7 a. m. April 7 (discharge, 31,200 second-feet); minimum discharge, 570

second-feet July 28 and 29.

1915-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 14.94 feet, June 8, 1918 (discharge,

63,100 second-feet); minimum discharge, about 400 second-feet December

15-17, 1916. The flood of June, 1892, was probably much higher than the

flood of 1918.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation subject to gradual shift during 1923.

Rating curve fairly well denned. Gage read to hundredths at least once

daily. Daily discharge computed by shifting-channel method except 

: during winter when discharge was estimated from observer's notes and

climatological records. Open-water records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Iowa River at Wapello, Iowa, during the year ending

September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 6

7

Dec. 30

Made by 

... -.do... ............

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.03

.05 ".68

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,260

1,180

1,190

Date

Feb. 21

Apr. 13

July 21

Made by Gage 

height

Feet 

«0.95

4.50

.28

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

1 flfifl

9,980

1,670

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Iowa River at Wapello, Iowa, for the year ending

September 30,1923

Day

1 ... ..

2 ... . 

3 

4.. _ . ___ .

6 

7... .........

8 .. .......

'9. ---

10 

11-...-.-. .

12---.- .

13 

14 15... ..... ....

16. . 

17 

IS ....

19- 

20-.. ..

21-. .

22 

23 ......

24-.... ....

25 

26- 

27-....--....

28. . 

29-.- .

30 

31 

Oct.

1,110

1,170

1.110

1,050

1,110

1,170

1,110

1,170

1,630

1,360

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,420

1,420

1,290

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1 230

1,170

1,110

1,110

1,050

1,050

1,050

Nov.

1,230

1,290

1,490

1,770

1,770

1,700

1,700

1,920

1,770

1,770

1,630

1,770

1,990

2,910

4,090

3,470

3,090

2,560

2,390

9 son

2,390

2,390

2,230

2,230

1,990

1,920

1,840

1,840

1,770

Dec.

1,770

1,700

1,630

1,630

1,770

1,770

1,630

1,630

1,360

990

880

600

600

1,000

1,100

1,100

1,050

1,050

1,000

1,000

950

950

1,000

950

950

950

950

950

1,100

1,100

1,100

Jan.

1,100

1 000

1,500

Feb.

4,000

3,500

2,400

2,200

1,900

1,900

1,900

1,900

1,900

1,400

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1 000

1,100

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

2,000

Mar.

2,200

2,700

2,910

3,090

4,090

4,300

4,090

4,740

4,300

4,090

4,090

3,280

3,090

3,090

3,090

2,700

1,800

1,400

1,600

2,500

2,910

3,470

4,300

7,880

8,180

13,200

15,400

19,200

Apr.

19,200

19,200

20,900

24,200

28,300

30,700

30,700

27,800

26,900

25,100

17,300

12,800

10,400

9,730

9,100

8,480

7,880

7,020

6,740

6,470

5,940

5,690

5,690

5,690

5,440

5,690

5,200

5,200

4,970

4,520

May

4,740

4,520

4,090

4,090

3,670

3,470

3,280

3,280

3,280

3,090

3,670

4,740

4,520

4,300

4,090

3,670

3,470

3,470

3,280

3,090

2,910

2,910

2,560

2,560

2,560

2,230

2,390

2,390

2,390

2,230

2,070

June

2,230

2,070

3,880

3,090

2,390

2,560

2,730

2,730

2,390

2,730

3,880

4,300

4,300

4,300

5,200

5,200

3,880

3,670

3,280

3,090

2,730

2,560

2,560

2,390

2,230

2,070

2,230

2,730

2,390

2,390

July

2,560

2,390

2,390

3,090

3,090

2,390

2,230

2,390

2,070

2,070

1,770

1,700

1,700

1,700

1,770

1,920

1,770

1,630

1,490

1,560

1,360

1,290

1,290

1,230

990

1,110

880

570

570

1,770

935

Aug.

990

1,050

990

1,110

620

1,360

1,290

,1, 170

1,560

1,700

1,770

1,770

1,490

1,920

1,920

1,840

1,770

1,770

1,630

1,560

1,290

1,230

1,230

1,170

1,110

1,110

1,230

1,170

1,290

1,700

Sept.

2,390

3,470

4 Q7f1

3,880

3,470

5,200

5,940

4,520

3,280

2,730

2,560

2,560

2,390

2,070

1,770

1,630

1,630

1,490

1,700

1,990

2,560

3,470

3,280

3,670

3,470

4,300

7,300

6,740

6,470

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by iee Dec. 12 to Mar. 2 and Mar. 16-21.
WPPEB MISSISSIPPI EIVEE BASIN 107

Monthly discharge of Iowa River at Wapello, Iowa, for the year ending September

SO, 1923

[Discharge area, 12,480 square miles]

Month

March

April.-........--..-....-..--............-...

JllTlft ,

July........ ............ c.... ..........

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,630 

4,090 

1,770

4,000 

19,200 

30,700 

4,740 

5,200 

3,090 

1,920 

7,300

30,700

Minimum

1,050 

1,230 

600

1,000 

1,400 

4,520 

2,070 

2,070 

570 

620 

1,490

570

Mean

1,210 

2,110 

1,170 

1,050 

1,700 

5,080 

13,400 

3,320 

3,070 

1,730 

1,390 

3,440

3,210

Per 

square 

mile

0.097 

.169 

.094 

.084 

.136 

.407 

1.07 

.266 

.246 

.139 

.111 

.276

.257

Run-off 

in inches

an

.!» 

.11 .ia

.14 

.47 

1.1& 

.31

.27 

.16 .ia

.31

3.49-

CEDAR RIVER AT JANESVILLE, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 35, T. 91 N., R. 14 W., at highway bridge in Janesville,. 

Bremer County, and 3, miles above junction with Shellrock River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,660 square miles (measured on map issued by United States 

Geological Survey, scale 1:500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 26, 1905, to September 30, 1906; May 28, 1915, to. 

September 30, 1923. '

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream handrail of middle span of highway 

bridge; read by Mrs. Emma Cameron.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and gravel; the remains of an. 

old grist-mill dam forms a permanent control.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.05 feet at 6* 

a. m. April 4 (discharge, 5,320 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.20 feet at. 

5.30 p. m. October 21 (discharge, 28 second-feet).

1905-6; 1915-1923: Maximum discharge, about 27,000 second-feet May 

29, 1921; minimum discharge recorded, that of October 21, 1922.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice. Observation discontinued during winter.

REGULATION. There is slight diurnal fluctuation of stage during low-water 

periods, owing to operation of power plant at Waverly, 9 miles above 

station.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation probably permanent. Rating curve well 

defined between 100 and 5,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice 

daily. Gage-height record for April and May may be somewhat in error. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating 

table. Records good, except during April and May, for which they arefair.

The following discharge measurement was made by J. B. Spiegel: 

June 26, 1923: Gage height, 1.63 feet; discharge, 163 second-feet.
108

Daily

SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

, in second-feet, of Cedar River at Janesville, Iowa, for the year 

ending September 80, 1928

Day

1.- . 

2--. 

3-.. 

4-... ......... ......... .

5-- -

6.--.. ...... ..........

T... ........................

8..... ... ....... .........

9...........................

10..-.... .................

11-. ... ...... . .......-

12-- 

13. _ .............. .........

14... ........................

15.- . ___ ------ __ . _ .

16 - -- ... . n. ......................... .

18-.. 

19 ....... ...... .......

20-- 

yi... ........................

S&.. .........................

23. - . 

24. __ ... ... .... ....... .....

25....... ... .... ... ..... .....

2R... ........................

yr.. .........................

2S.. ......................... ^d. ..........................

30 __ ....

31--. 

Oct.

240

181

162

190

177

230

483

324

215

181

225

145

200

200

162

434

200

21<X

145

52

28

176

154

215

225

312

270

154

360

154

164

Nov.

236

300

200

200

215

168

168

324

168

210

300

354

225

200

270

225

190

168;

94ft

225

181

103

145

163

294

200

141

120

145

Mar.

3,930

2,920

2,530

2,280

2,160

9 fififl

Apr.

2,040

1,370

2,160

4,880

4,720

3,340

2,790

1,480

1,060

970

880

710

710

630

710

490

490

525

525

560

595

595

476

434

469

448

455

434

384

630

May

420

434

402

420

360

476

300

240

476

414

420

312

300

288

312

300

270

. 312

270

312

312

300

270

312

252

264

300

215

176

230

288

June

235

258

294

215

252

215

225

210

141

258

163

246

240

342

168

235

220

..... 372.

M)

195

168

246

176

205

190

210

312

200

181

190

July

181

124

168

348

240

294

230

390

270

300

390

300

282

312

294

168

154

145

; 163

145

124

186

154

132

111

120

252

190

163

137

137

Aug.

154

163

145

145

190

145

360

137

145

154

176

240

154

124

154

154

137

215

137

120

120

137

124

103

145

154

' 145

145

190

163

200

Sept.

230

434

360

408

402

294

402

324

252

168

270

282

270

240

181

168

215

154

186

560

455

330

324

288

288

' 376

360

300

434

420

Monthly discharge of Cedar River at Janesville, Iowa, for the year ending September

art 1 Q<9<3 OU, 1 &&O

[Drainage area, .1,660 square miles]

Month

May

July.... ..... ...

September ___ . ______________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

483 

354 

4,880 

476 

372 

390 

360 

560

Minimum

28 

103 

384 

176 

141 

111 

103 

154

Mean

212 

208 

1,200 

321 

227 

213 

160 

312

Per 

square 

mile

0.127 

.125 

.723 

.193 

.137 

.128 

.096 

.188

Run-off 

in inches

0.15 

.14 

.81 

.22 

.15 

.15 

.11 

.21
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 109 

CEDAE RIVER AT CEDAE RAPIDS, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 28, T. 83 N., R. 7 W., in central part of Cedar Rapids, Linn

County, 1,000 feet above Eighth Avenue Bridge and half a mile below dam. 

DRAINAGE AREA. At station, 6,640 square miles; at junction with Iowa River,

7,930 square miles (measured on map issued by United States Geological

Survey, scale, 1 :500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 14, 1903, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Gurley water-stage recorder installed on right bank in rear of plant of

Iowa Windmill & Pump Co., August 20,1920; inspected by R. S. Toogood.

Previous to that date an inclined staff at same site was used. Elevation

of zero of both gages from Northwestern Railroad levels, 723.03 feet above

sea level. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of Eighth Avenue

Bridge. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of rock and gravel, free from vegetation

and practically permanent. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 7.80 feet at

11 p. m. April 4 (discharge, 16,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.12 feet

at 2 p. m. July 21 (discharge, 302 second-feet).

1903-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 17.2 feet April 1, 1912, and March

26,1917 (discharge, 54,100 second-feet); minimum discharge 190 second-feet

September 9, 1921.

Greatest known flood probably occurred in June, 1851, when the maximum

stage was about 20 feet (discharge, about 65,000 second-feet). 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice during extremely cold weather.

The swift current and proximity to power plant keeps the river open at

other times.

REGULATION. Power plant half a mile above gage causes marked diurnal fluctuation during all periods of low water. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well denned

above 800 second-feet. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory.

Daily discharge ascertained by applying to rating:table mean,daily, gage

height obtained by inspection of recorder graph, except as explained in

footnote to table of daily discharge. Records excellent except for periods

when stage-discharge relation was affected by ice or when gage heights were

missing, for which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Cedar River at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Nov. 11....- -. 

15.. . ... . 

Gage 

beigbt

Feet 

3.22

3.22

3.20

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,450

1,430

1,420
110

Daily di

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

, in second-feet, of Cedar River at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, for the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1.. ...-. 

2 

3 . 

5 -

6- . - 

7 - 

10 

11 

13 

14. 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 - 

22 

23 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29. - .

30 

31 

Oct.

855

960

925

845

870

890

870

870

1,010

1,060

1,040

1,020

940

1,030

975

1,040

940

825

1,040

925

955

1,020

995

940

920

890

850

870

870

870

870

Nov.

960

1,050

1,100

1,120

1,150

1,180

1,140

1,150

1,090

1,040

1,110

1,420

1,350

1,460

1,370

1,360

1,300

1,320

1,230

1 230

1,220

1,200

1,170

1,170

1,090

1,090

1,150

1,110

1,130

1,120

Dec.

1,090

1,040

1,090

1,090

930

760

597

710

660

ften

710

930

815

QftA

790

782

750

760

771

782

894

882

826

870

Jan.

837

837

804

990

1,000

894

893

771

826

1 fiQfl

1 fiQfi

1,020

730

815

1,040

815

826

848

740

690

750

690

700

760

782

782

1,250

Feb.

1,250

859

870

1,020

700

C06

815

690

750

771

760

651

660

660

I

fidfl

660

615

639

651

CQQ

660

870

906

Mar.

1,060

1,200

1,350

2,490

3,150

3,460

3,010

2,660

2,610

1,850

1,850

1 680

1,950

1,890

1,710

1,090

870

930

fLA(\

570

954

1,150

1,340

1,750

2,870

5,040

6,760

7,720

8,710

9,380

Apr.

10,100

11,100

14,900

15,700

14,900

14,100

14,900

11,500

7,720

5,960

4 740

4,140

3,710

3,430

3,430

3,150

2,870

2,710

9 7Qfl

9 ddn

9 ^flft

2,370

2,330

2,370

2,190

2,150

2,150

2,110

1,990

May

1,910

1,790

1,680

1,660

1,570

1,620

1,590

1,550

1,640

1,430

1 380

1,540

1,570

1,510

1,540

1,520

1,440

1,380

1,290

1,410

1,360

1,260

1,190

1,230

1,200

1,360

1,190

1,200

1,160

1,160

June

1,150

918

1,150

1,080

1,110

1,110

1,150

990

1,260

1,260

1,340

1,470

1,430

1,360

1,430

1,440

1,340

1,070

1,060

1,130

1,160

1,090

1,090

990

1,020

966

990

1,020

1,110

July

1,060

990

968

990

1,040

930

966

978

930

918

870

918

906

894

894

930

870

815

815

760

606

606

642

660

848

588

570

660

Aug.

588

740

570

710

554

710

793

771

1,080

1,000

990

1,540

1,290

1,490

1,020

990

978

990

966

942

894

859

793

760

760

870

882

1,230

1,180

1,380

Sept.

1,610

1,950

2,470

2,130

1,910

1,930

1,890

1,68ft

1, 620*

1,610.

1,57ft

1,540

l,4ia

1,090»

1,150)

930

942

1,000-

1,02*

2,280-

2,370-

2,490-

2,510-

2,490«

2,300

2,030>

1,95ft

1,710-

2,110

3,090

NOTE. Daily discharge, Oct. 1-6, 8-13, 15-27, Nov. 5-10, 11-17, 19-24, obtained by use of discharge 

integrator; daily discharge Oct. 29 to Nov. 3 based on a comparison with records of flow of Iowa Eiver at 

Iowa City; discharge interpolated Feb. 21, 22, and Mar. 19. Braced figures show estimated mean discharge for period indicated.

Monthly discharge of Cedar River at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, for the year ending

September SO, 1923 

[Drainage area, 6,640 square miles]

Month

July .

The year. _____ _________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,060 

1,460 

1,090 

1,250 

1,250 

9,380 

15,700 

1,910 

1,470 

1,060 

1,540 

3,090

15, 700

Minimum

845 

960 

597 

690 

588 

570 

1,990 

1,160 

918 

570 

554 

930

554

Mean

938 

1,190 

823 

861 

740 

2,660 

5,890 

1,440 

1,160 

832 

947 

1,830

1,610

Per

square 

mile

0.141 

.179 

.124 

.130 

.111 

.401 

.887 

.217 

.175 

.125 

.143 

.276

.242

Run-off 

in inches

0.16 

.20- 

.14 

.15. 

.12 

.46 

.99 

.25 

.20 

.14 

.16 

.31

3.2S

SHELLEOCK RIVER NEAR CLARKSVILLE, IOWA

LOCATION. In T. 92 N., R. 16 W., at highway bridge 1M miles northwest of

Clarksville, Butler County, and 25 'miles above junction with Cedar River.

No large tributary enters for several miles above or below station. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,660 square miles at station; 2,680 square miles at junction

with Cedar River (measured on map issued by United States Geological

Survey; scale, 1: 500,000).
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN m

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 28, 1915, to September 30, 1923.

CTAGE. Chain gage attached to handrail on upstream side of bridge, 75 feet from

right abutment; read by Mrs. H. H. Sherburne. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge or by wading. 

"CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of rock and sand; fairly permanent.

Right bank high; left bank would probably be overflowed at extremely high

OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.1 feet at 

4 p. m. April 4 (discharge, 3,870 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.48 foot at 

7.30 a. m. August 29 and September 17 (discharge, 50 second-feet).

1915-1923: Maximum discharge, 12,200 second-feet June 2, 1916. Minimum stage, that of August 29 and September 17, 1923. In April, 1907, a 

stage of about 16.5 feet was reached (discharge, about 19,000 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. Observation discontinued during 

winter.

HEGULATION. Slight diurnal fluctuation may occur during low stages; owing to 

operation of power plant at Greene, 10 miles upstream.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well denned 

between 75 and 10,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths.once daily. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table. 

Records fair.

The following discharge measurement was made by J. B. Spiegel: 

June 25, 1923: Gage height, 0.78 foot; discharge, 84 second-feet.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Shellrock River near Clarksville, Iowa, for* the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Day

I....-.... .-....-. - ..-. .

2 ... _ . . ......

3.. -.__.-. _-.. .---- 

 4_._ -_ - _ __ ............

5. ...... _ . ___ ....................

 6 . 

8. . _ 

9.. ......... .. ........ ....

10 .. -.. ... .. .......

:ii- . - _- -- _ _ 

12 ...... .........................

13 . 

15 

16 

17 -.__.-- ... -__.._.-._. ___

18 ... ........ ....... .

19 . ... . .

 20 . ._ --. ._ 

21.... ....... ....,.............. ...

22, . . _ ..

^Iff... .................................

 3A............. ................... ....

H&... .................................

26 .-. ......... .................

27.---.------. .. __ .............

28 

29 . ............... .......

30 .. ... ... . .....

31.. ...... ............................

Oct.

168

88

154

116

68

106

184

218

110

168

138

128

92

108

118

106

78

106

81

68

75

92

67

83

95

78

86

71

103

85

116

Nov.

140

128

116

101

95

92

168

184

218

200

128

122

116

111

106

101

95

86

128

168

168

154

140

128

116

168

184

168

140

140

Apr.

3,870

2,760

1,120

805

590

492

446

446

424

401

379

336

336

336

315

315

294

294

315

336

357

357

357

336

294

294

274

May

255

236

236

236

274

294

255

218

200

200

200

200

184

168

140

112

134

154

200

236

154

184

140

140

126

128

184

95

121

128

106

June

168

128

116

95

121

116

83

106

76

116

108

133

135

154

128

116

116

95

126

95

140

133

138

99

95

78

128

74

77

106

July

81

74

SO

70

78

71

116

116

86

110

116

116

86

78

81

78

71

64

78

71

62

62

59

59

64

64

60

62

64

70

70

Aug.

67

58

60

64

64

62

64

58

58

60

58

64

62

58

58

64

64

62

64

72

60

58

58

64

62

58

58

58

50

60

60

Sept.

126

62

58

58

55

81

78

71

60

60

71

135

91

78

58

52

50

53

58

64

60

60

154

168

140

133

123

116

154

168

NOTE. Gage not read Nov. 12-15, 28-;30, and May 17, daily discharge estimated by comparison with 

record of flow of Cedar Kiver at Janesville.
112 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Monthly discharge of Shellrock River near Clarksville, Iowa, for the year ending

September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 1,660 square miles]

Month

October... ______ _ . _ ._ .. _

AprU 4-30... ..-... 

July.........................................

Discharge In second-feet

Maximum

218 

218 

3,870 

294 

168 

116 

72 

168

1 Minimum

i

1 

1 - 67 

86 

: 274 

95 

1 74 

! 59 

i 50 

i 50

Mean

108 

137 

625 

182 

113 

78.0 

60.9 

89.8

Per 

square 

mile

0.065 

.083 

.377 

.110 

.088 

.047 

.037 

.054

Run-off 

in inches

0.07 

.09 

.38 

.13 

.06 

.05 

.43 

.06

SKUNK RIVER NEAR AMES, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 23, T. 84 N., R. 24 W., at site of old county bridge, 2^ 

miles north of Ames, Story County, 3% miles below Keigley Branch and 5 

miles above mouth of Squaw Creek.

DRAINAGE ABEA. 320 square miles (measured on topographic map and on 

United States post route map).

RECOBDS AVAILABLE. July 28, 1920, to September 30, 1923.

GA*GE. Stevens continuous water-stage recorder installed August 25, 1921; 

inspected by W. P. Coon. Staff gage at same location used previously.

DISCHABGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. A rock ledge forms control. Both banks are high, 

but right bank is overflowed during extremely high water.

EXTBEMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.22 feet at 

2 a. m. March 28 (discharge, 1,670 second-feet); minimum discharge, 2 

second-feet July 24-31.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCUBACY. Stage-discharge relation changed March 1. Rating curves well 

defined between 5 and 1,500 second-feet. Operation of water-stage recorder 

satisfactory. Mean daily gage height obtained by inspection of recorder 

graph. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height 

to rating table except as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. 

Open-water records excellent; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Skunk River near Ames, Iowa, during the year ending

September SO, 1928

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Oct. 28........................

Nov. 1 ..................

Jan 22. _l. ....................

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.00

2.78

2.50

 2.16

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

6.4

77.1

40.5

12.5

Date

Mar. 8........ ............

Apr. 25--.- 

May 28. -......- . .... 

Sept. 28.. .......... .......

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.57

3.22

2.40

5.46

Discharge

Fec.-ft. 

58.6

177

39

1,190

' Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Skunk River near Ames, Iowa, for the year endingSeptember SO, 1923

Day

1.. __ .... __

2..............

3 .......-...

4 __ .........

6._...-._. ......

6..............

7....... .......

8_. ...... ......

9..............

10 

11... ........ ...

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..... .........

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22......... .....

23..............

24..............

25.-... .-..

26... ...........

27 

28..............

29. 

30 

31 

Oct.

10

11

12

12

10

12

19

18

16

14

13

11

11

11

11

11

10

9

9

8

-8

7

8

8

8

7

7

7

7

8

9Q

Nov.

65

65

55

46

45

45

46

42

39

36

33

47

79

128

19A

1«3

87

82

76

68

64

62

58

54

50

53

54

52

48

50

Dec.

52

53

51

53

35

40

48

39

33

33

31

23

21

22

23

24

21

21

20

19

19

19

20

21

24

25

26

26

25

26

28

Jan.

25

25

25

25

24

23

23

22

22

22.

20

20

20

20

20

19

18

17

16

15

14

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

14

17

Feb.

17

16

15

14

12

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

6

5

5

4

4

4

4

6

8

15

28

37

53

44

44

43

Mar.

54

69

150

155

125

110

83

63

66

89

150

120

92

74

82

99

112

74

77

89

114

304

574

735

970

850

1,150

1,460

762

662

414

Apr.

268

348

595

762

391

280

243

187

179

162

162

177

174

169

187

179

150

135

121

110

121

137

137

177

179

157

137

118

103

89

May

80

73

67

62

59

59

55

54

49

45

51

84

97

90

97

116

110

94

88

80

71

66

58

50

48

45

40

39

35

33

29

June

27

25

27

24

24

47

70

71

54

77

192

197

148

116

97

83

77

63

60

55

48

41

36

32

27

24

33

48

36

29

July

26

24

28

24

20

17

14

12

10

10

11

10

9

7

11

10

7

6

5

4

4

3

3

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

Aug.

13

11

9

8

6

4

10

10

7

6

5

7

9

7

5

14

14

10

8

6

5

5

4

3

3

4

39

56

40

20

20

Sept.

125

150

103

70

48

66

rr

68

58

48

41

31

23

21

Ifr

19

82

97

101

148

234

179

.135

10592"

82

110

358

970

820

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Jan. 8 to Feb. 22; discharge determined from gage heights 

corrected for effect of ice;by means of one discharge measurement and weather records. Discharge interpolated Aug. 2-4; estimated by comparison With- records of flow of Squaw Creek Aug. 29 to Sept. 1.

Monthly discharge of Skunk River near Ames, Iowa, for the year ending September

SO, 1928 

[Drainage area, 320 square miles]

Month

November.... ...... .................... .

December ...................................

January.... ___ . ___ . ..................

February ___________________

March..... __ .............................

April........ ...... ........ ..................

May.... _____ .. .......................

July.... ........... .. 

August.. ___________________

September.-... __ ... __ .. ___ ...

The year ______________ ..

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

29 

128 

53 

25 

53 

1,460 

762 

116 

197 

28 

56 

970

1,460

Minimum

7 

33 

19 

13 

4 

54 

89 

29 

24 

2 

3 

19

2

Mean

11.0 

61.9 

29.7 

18.4 

16.0 

32.0 

211 

65.3 

62.9 

9.4 

11.9 

149

80.7

Per 

square 

mile

0.034 

.193 

.093 

.058 

.050 

1.00 

.659 

.204 

.197 

.029 

.037 

.466

.252

Run-off 

in inches

0.04 

.22 

.11

.07 

.05 

1.15 

.74 

.24 

.22 

.03 

.04 

.52

3.43

SKUNK BIVEE AT COPPOCK, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 1, T. 73 N., R. 8 W., at highway bridge one-eighth mile above 

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad bridge at Coppock, Henry County, 

and one-fourth mile above junction with Crooked Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,890 square miles (measured on map issued by United States 

Geological Survey, scale 1: 500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 21, 1913, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream side of bridge; read by J. W. Ricks.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached and 

by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of gravel and sand; channel shifting.
114 SUBPACl WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 10.24 feet 

at 10 a. m. April 2 (discharge, 5,300 second-feet); minimum discharge, 150 

second-feet February 17-21.

1913-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 19.7 feet June 9, 1918 (discharge, 

19,600 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.10 feet August 15, 18, and 25-27,1914 

(discharge, 33 second-feet).

A stage of about 22 feet occurred on or about May 31, 1903 (discharge, 

25,000 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation subject to gradual shift during year. 

Rating curve fairly well defined. Gage read to hundredths at least once 

daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height, directly 

or indirectly, to rating table except as explained in footnote to table of daily 

discharge. Open-water records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Skunk River at Coppock, Iowa, during the year ending

September 30, 1923

Date

 Oct. 6

Feb. 20

Made by Gage 

height

Feet 

2.89

"3.48

"3.45

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

202

249

149

Date

Apr. 14

July 20

Made by- height

Feet 

5.98

3.34

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,660

406

" Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Skunk River at Coppock, Iowa, for the year ending

September SO, 1923

Day

1 

3.. . 

4 _ 

5 

6. -

7 

8. .... ... ...

9. _

10 .

11.. 

12 .. .........

13 _ ..

14.^ ~ 

15 

16 

17.. .........

18 ...... .....

19 .

20.. ......... ...

21..............

22..............

23..............

24.... .

OK --/--- ,

26 

27. 

28.. .. ....

29.- . ..

30. .........

31 _ .. __ .....

Oct.

215

215

215

215

203

203

215

241

503

447

362

330

299

269

241

228

215

228

215

215

215

203

203

203

203

191

191

191

191

191

191

Nov.

228

330

299

429

672

584

503

447

412

412

378

429

584

1,040

1,090

979

870

870

818

818

719

672

627

584

584

543

543

503

503

503

Dec.

503

465

465

465

447

429

429

429

240

200

220

160

170

200

180

180

170

170

170

160

160

160

200

220

220

240

240

250

250

260

260

Jan.

260

O£A

270

280

260

200

180

170

160

170

200

200

180

180

180

200

220

200

200

200

180

170

180

170

200

300

350

1,300

Feb.

800 4fln

400

400

400

500

500

500

450

400

300

320

300

200

180

160

150

150

150

150

150

240

300

400

700

800

700

600

Mar.

700

800

900

Q9jt

768

768

1,210

979

870

768

818

719

768

768

700

700

400

300

600

1,000

1,700

2,120

2,800

4,840

4 fi40

4,240

4,440

4,640

4,840

5,040

Apr.

5,260

5,260

4,840

3,880

3,530

3,780

3,360 i run

2,560

2,340

2,050

1,840

1,700

1,700

1,640

1,580

1,580

1,510

1,450

1,390

1,270

1,210

1,270

1,330

1,330

1,450

1,450

1,330

1,270

1,210

May

1,090

1,090

979

924

870

818

768

719

672

672

672

3,200

3,620

2,720

1,980

1,700

1,580

1,510

1,390

1,330

1,210

1,090

979

870

818

768

719

719

672

627

776

June

924

768

1,510

1,040

870

719

1,210

V15G

818

818

2,190

2,340

1,770

1,700

1,580

1,450

1,640

1,980

1,450

1,150

1,040

924

672

672

672

627

584

924

1,270

1,450

July

1,450

1,390

1,150

979

924

818

719

672

627

584

523

719

979

1,390

818

719

627

523

447

412

395

362

362

330

314

269

269

255

241

241

241

Aug.

215

203

203

203

395

447

346

465

362

979

503

346

299

269

225

228

215

203

191

191

191

180

180

168

157

191

330

314

465

719

Sept.

652

584

543

395

330

1,090

818

543

484

447

429

378

314

284

269

269

209

269

255

269

269

284

719

768

719

627

979

1,840

4,640

5,040

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 9 to Mar. 3, and Mar. 16-21; discharge ascertained 

from gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, observer's notes, 

weather records, and comparison with records of flow at Augusta.
UPPEK MISSISSIPPI EIVER BASIN 115

Monthly discharge of Skunk River at Coppock, Iowa, for the year ending September 

[Drainage area, 2,890 square miles]

Month

November ___________________

April.......... __ ....... .._-...- 

May.......... ............................ ...

July........................................

The year. _________ . _____ .

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

503 

1,090 

503 

1,300 

800 

5,040 

5,260 

3,620 

2,340 

1,450 

979 

5,040

5,260

Minimum

191 

228 

160 

160 

150 

300 

1,210 

627 

584 

241 

157 

255

150

Mean

240 

599 

268 

247 

382 

1,800 

2,250 

1,210 

1,200 

637 

324 

826

831

Per 

square 

mile

0.083 

.207 

.093 

.085 

.132 

.623 

.779 

.419 

.415 

.220 

.112 

.286

.288

Run-oft 

in inches

0.10- 

.23 

.11 .10" 

.14 

.72 

.87 

.48 

.4fr 

.25 

.13 .32-

3.91

SKUNK RIVER AT AUGUSTA, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 26, T. 69 N., R. 4 W., at highway bridge one-third mile from 

Augusta post office, Des Moines County, and 12.2 miles above point where 

river empties into the Mississippi. Mouth of river is 32.2 miles above dam 

of Mississippi River Power Co., at Keokuk.

DRAINAGE AREA. At gaging station, 4,290 square miles; at mouth, 4,350 square 

miles (measured on map issued by United States Geological Survey; scale, 

1 :500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 30 to November 15, 1913; May 27, 1915, to 

September 30, 1923. /

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream handrail of bridge 95 feet from left 

abutment; read by J. A. Schroder. Zero of chain gage is elevation 528.55 

feet, Memphis datum.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached or 

by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of stream sandy and subject to change. Right 

bank high and will not be overflowed; left bank will be overflowed only at 

extremely high stages. Remains of old mill dam 600 feet below gage form 

control. The riffle at the dam causes a drop of about 3 feet at medium 

low stages. Backwater from the Mississippi probably will not occur oftener 

than once in 50 years.

REGULATION. Natural discharge at extremely low stages occasionally affected 

by storage of water at Oakland Mills, 26 miles upstream.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.30 feet at 

10 a. m. March 26 (discharge, 8,320 second-feet); minimum discharge, 

estimated, 80 second-feet February 19.

1913; 1915-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 18.0 feet March 28, 1916 (discharge, 30,800 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.29 feet Septembers, 1919 

(discharge, 26 second-feet by current-meter measurement).

A stage of about 21 feet (discharge ,45,000 second-feet) was reached on.or 

about June 1, 1903.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
116 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

AcctJKACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined. Gage read to half-tenths once daily. Daily discharge determined by applying daily gage height to rating table, except 

when stage-discharge relation was slightly affected by ice for which it was 

obtained from daily gage heights, two discharge measurements, observer's 

notes, and climatological records. Records good except for periods of low 

water- or ice effect for which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Skunk River at Augusta, Iowa, during the year ending

September SO, 1923

Date

Dec. 27

Feb. 10

July 20

Made by Gage 

height

Feet 

2.05

2.21

2.43

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

288

360

520

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Skunk River at Augusta, Iowa, for the year ending

September 30, 1928

Day

1. ...... - 

2... .

3.. ... .... ..

4..............

5 ... ... ...

6.. ............

7.. .........

8..--...-......

9.. ............

10 ...........

11..........

12..............

13.. ....... _____

14 

15_______. ______

16..- _______

17... __._____...

18_____.___

19... __.__.__

20 

21___ ......

22........ _ _

23... .....______

24___. ......

25___. ....... .

26 ........

27............

28 ...........

29..........

30...........

31 ....

Oct.

220

242

242

242

200

265

265

200

162

290

618

575

290

538

342

200

465

130

130

115

145

265

370

290

130

115

115

115

115

115

500

Nov.

145

145

465

538

538

755

805

708

660

618

618

660

618

960

1,420

1,300

1,180

1,020

1,020

960

908

805

708

708

660

708

660

708

Dec.

370

660

618

575

660

660

618

538

350

300

250

90

200

300

180

200

180

150

130

140

150

180

240

280

1-in

140

200

Jan.

300

500

170

170

170

170

170

200

170

170

170

inn

250

oe;n

inn

140

160

170

170

OKft

170

170

200

400

4.nn

-UVI

500

Feb.

1,400

1,400

400

350

360

800

800

7ftA

400

340

340

250

140 inn

80

170

i-in

140

240

140

600

onn

1,100

1,000

Mar.

700

805

960

1,070

1,180

1,020

908

1,360

1 300

1,070

1,420 i ^fifi

1,480

- 1 3QO

1,200

1,200

8OT i inn

3,560 R oj.n

6,080

7,340

8,320

6,780

5,800

5,800

5,520

Apr.

5,660

5,800

5,800

5,100

4,260

3,980

3,980

3,280

2,860

2,580

o fun

1,920

1,920

1,790 i 7on

1,790

1, 660

1 t\df\

1,420

1,360

1,480

1,130

1 660

1,660

1,480

May

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,130

1,070

1,020

960

855

755

708

755

1,540

3

non

3,140

9 n_in

1,790

1,790

1,540

1,540

1,420

1,300

1,180

1,070

1,020

960

908

855

855

805

June

855

1,070

1,920

1 480

1,070

960

1,480

1 360

1,180

1,240

2,720

2 720

9 ^in

o fun

i 7on

i tififi

i 7on

2,180

i fififi

1 300

1,130

1,020

Qfin

855

755

755

805

1,240

1,540

July

1,790

1,790

1,660

1,300

1,070

1,070

960

855

755

708

618

618

fiftn

1,130

1,070

960

805

708

575

500

500

500

305

500

465

265

430

315

200

130

430

Aug.

130

139

388

145

162

418

538

575

538

575

755

708

618

538

465 IQQ

430

305

1&O

430

102

180

115

124

115

156

400

430

400

500

Sept.

708

755

1,070

805

755

500

1,480

418

430

575

575

500

468

388

234

461

400

465

315

305

342

234

855

908

1,540

1,480

2,860

5,660

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 9 to Mar. l and Mar. 16-20; discharge ascertained 

from gage heights corrected for ice effect by -means of observer's notes, weather records, and comparison 

with records of flow at Coppock.
UPPEK MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 117

Monthly discharge of Skunk River at Augusta, Iowa, for the year ending September

tan Ol/,

[Drainage area, 4,290 square miles]

Month

 October ______________________

November ___________________

May.........................................

July..... . _ .............................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

618 

1,540 

660 

500 

1,400 

8,320 

 5,800 

4,120 

2,720 

1,790 

755 

5,660

8,320

Minimum

115 

145 

90 

100 

80 

700 

1,130 

708 

755 

130 

102 

234

80

Mean

258 

780 

296 

224 

469 

2,790 

2,620 

1,460 

1,450 

763 

360 

910

1,030

Per 

square 

mile

0.060 

.182 

.069 

.052 

.109 

.650 

.611 

.340 

.338 

.178 

.084 

.212

.240

Runroff 

in inches

0.07 

.20 

.08 

.06 

.11 

.75 

.68 

.39 

.38 

.21 

.10 

.24

3.27

SQUAW CREEK AT AMES, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 3, T. 83 N., R. 24 W., at footbridge 1,700 feet above Chicago

6 North Western Railway bridge, in Ames, Story County, 2 miles above

junction with Skunk River. 

DRAINAGE AKEA. 210 square miles (measured on topographic map and United

States post route map).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 24, 1919, to September 30, 1923. 

 GAGE. Vertical staff gage attached to middle pile of left bent of bridge; read by

George Foster and D. M. Fish. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from footbridge, by wading, and from

Chicago & North Western Railway bridge. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and gravel. Sand shifts during

high water. Left bank high; right bank subject to overflow at a stage above

7 feet.

JEXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.1 feet 

September 28 (discharge, 1,340 second-feet); minimum discharge, 1 secondfoot August 24-26.

1919-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 10.40 feet July 17, 1922 (discharge, 

3,920 second-feet); minimum discharge, no flow, August 26 to September 17, 

1919.

Maximum stage in recent years, about 14.5 feet June 4, 1918 (discharge, 

about 6,900 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed September 1. Rating curves well 

defined above 5 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily and 

more often during periods of high water. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table, except as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. Open-water records good; winter records 

fair.
118

Discharge measurements of Squaw Creek at Ames, Iowa, during the year ending

September SO, 192S

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Jem 99

Mar. 8. ... 

Mar. 24- -

3*

Feet 

 1.12

a 1 ^Ift

a 9 1O

4.50

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

13.3

77

153

Date

May 28 

Sept. 28 

Gage

Feet 

1.10

.50

1.36

5.60

Discharge

Sec.-ft 

29.4 *1

78

1,110

Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. * Discharge estimated.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Squaw Creek at Ames, Iowa, for the year ending

September 80, 1923

Day

1 _ ... __ ....

2 .......... .

3 ... ........

4

5.. ... ... ...

6 

7......-. ...

8 ........ ...

9... .......... .

10 

11 

12............ .

13..............

14..............

15.... ..........

16...... . .

17 

18 .

19 

20 

21 

22... -..

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 .

Oct.

 14

13

14

14

11

16

22

19

17

16

16

15

16

16

16

16

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

29

Nov.

39

37

35

34

31

36

34

30

30

30

30

30

104

104

86

72

fit)

56

55

51

48

46

40

35

30

35

36

36

37

30

Dec.

40

40

38

36

35

29

26

22

16

Jan.

16

13

Feb.

10

25

Mar.

78

80

45

119

545

1,060

862

501

337

240

240

240

240

Apr.

240

240

240

240

221

203

167

142

150

150

150

142

150

134

126

US

104

104

89

96

96

89

96

104

134

119

104

75

75

68

May

60

55

48

45

42

35

32

31

30

32

39

52

52

49

55

57

52

62

56

60

56

56

46

32

30

30

30

30

30

30

31

June

30

30

30

30

40

104

116

65

60

82

167

150

112

96

78

60

50

39

39

32

28

26

26

24

22

17

16

119

72

62

July

48

38

25

21

20

17

16

13

4

2

2

2

2

3

15

16

10

6

6

6

4

4

2

2

3

2

2

2

6

4

2

Aug.

3

2

6

6

6

10

14

14

8

6

6

8

10

4

2

7

12

8

6

3

2

12

2

1

1

1

68

21

14

8

11

Sept.

133

141

68

21

16

24

62

55

31

28

23

24

21

23

18

19

28

38

32

128

127

82

65

62

65

78

1,110

1,070

790

490

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 25-28 and Dec. 6 to Mar. 20; discharge ascertained 

from gage heights corrected for effect of ice by means of three discharge measurements and weather records. 

Shifting-control method used Mar. 22-25. Discharge estimated Aug. 5, 6, and Sept. 29.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 119

Monthly discharge of Squaw Creek at Ames, Iowa, for the year ending September SO,

[Drainage area, 210 square miles]

Month

April ___ . _____________ ___ ...

July.. __---._. ..............................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

29 

104 

40

1,060 

240 

62 

167 

48 

68 

1,110

1,110

Minimum

11 

30

68 

30 

16 

2 

1 

16

1

Mean

15.4 

45.5 

21.6 

14.5 

14.3 

189 

139 

43.4 

60.7 

9.8 

9.1 

162

60.3

Per 

square 

mile

0.073 

.217 

.103 

.069 

.068 

.900 

.662 

.207 

.289 

.047 

.043 

.771

.287

Run-ofl 

in inches

0.08 

.24 

.12 

.08 

.07 

1.04 

.74 

.24 

.32 

.05 

.05 

.86

3.89

DES MOINES RIVER AT KALO, IOWA

miles 

miles

LOCATION. In sec. 17, T. 88 N., R. 28 W., at Kalo, Webster County,

east of Otho, a station on Minneapolis & St. Louis Railroad, and

above mouth of Holiday Creek, which enters from left. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 4,170 square miles (measured on map issued by United States

Geological Survey; scale, 1: 500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 18, 1913, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder on right bank 300 feet below

highway bridge to which chain gage formerly used is attached; inspected by

S. C. Fuller.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Measurements made from bridge and by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. No well-defined control. Channel consists of gravel

and is fairly permanent. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum discharge recorded during year, about

4,160 second-feet March 25; minimum stage recorded, 0.15 foot several

times October 9-15 (discharge, 14 second-feet).

1913-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 14.0 feet May 30, 1915 (discharge,

18,500 second-feet) ; minimum stage recorded, that of October 9-15, 1922. 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. 

REGULATION. Operation of the city power plant, at Fort Dodge, 7 miles upstream causes diurnal fluctuation during periods of low water. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation fairly permanent. Rating curve well defined below 1,000 second-feet. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory. Mean daily gage height ascertained by inspection of recorder

graph. Daily discharge obtained by applying mean daily gage height to

rating table except as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge.

Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Des Moines River at Kalo, Iowa, during the year ending

September 30, 1923 

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Oct. 25... ...-....-.-.... ._.-. .-...-.....-.... . -. -.... .. .

Jan. 26..... _-_.. -.- __.- __ .. _ ....... _ .................. __ ....

May 24.... _ ....... __ ......-.... _ .... .... __ ........... __ ... ..

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.02 ».70

.84

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

46.6

28.6

292

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
120 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Moines River at Kalo, Iowa, for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 

2 ...

3 .

4 ... .

5 

6 .

7 ...

8 .... ..... .

9 ... .... ...

10 .

11 .

12 

13 

14 

IS 

16 

17 ..,

18 ,

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 ... .

25 

26 

27 

28 

29. _____ ..-.

30 

31 

Oct.

I 65

I84

51

69

79

69

69

48

100

95

92

87

61

74

30

92

84

79

118

77

71

142

Nov.

97

120

142

195

174

211

243

265

280

290

250

270

192

167

199

230

240

203

219

250

250

127

207

215

148

39

124

127

148

154

Dec.

127

118

148

on

124

64

On

103

133

100

115

79

115

118

Qft

65

Jan.

AH

I Srt

11

j

I

50

100

Feb.

125

1

| 80

1

| 105

I

135

260

Mar.

250

170

[ 320

330

560

1,870

2,600

3,540

4,160

4,030

3,200

2,410

2,180

1,870

1,380

Apr.

1,300

1,460

1,870

1,640

1,380

1,220

1,220

1,000

900

830

780

770

770

692

566

506

506

536

506

. 446

333

494

572

790

868

988

924

988

818

748

May

797

650

458

395

351

476

440

595

416

360

351

422

434

600

550

500

550

600

524

494

390

307

342

342

333

195

330

300

300

300

330

June

380

500

AOA

255

342

453

263

315

458

964

1,460

1,300

1 rtfifl

832

644

632

620

572

769

650

536

470

400

400

410

530

410

458

July

458

410

410

361

338

303

307

275

243

287

307

188

207

174

172

195

172

142

133

121

145

154

100

69

30

69

74

74

103

74

Aug.

74

154

112

100

44

61

39

100

95

97

160

227

267

109

84

133

160

127

127

167

90

84

77

84

56

71

136

79

95

87

79

Sept.

422

488

410

275

255.

271

259

142

124

124

112

106 100'

106

207

151

100

674

77&

650

566

590

602

650

1,060

NOTE. Water-stage recorder not operating satisfactorily Oct. 1-8, 23, 24, Nov. 2, 8-12, 16, 17, 20, 2K 

Apr. 8-13, May 14-18, and May 27 to June 1; discharge estimated by comparison with records of flow of 

Des Moines River near Boone. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 17 to Mar. 27; discharge 

determined from incomplete gage-height record corrected for ice effect by means of one discharge measurement, weather records, and comparison with records of flow of Des Moines River near Boone. Discharge June 6, 7, and Sept. 20 determined by averaging bi-hourly discharge.

Monthly discharge of Des Moines River at Kalo, Iowa, for the year ending September 80, 1923

[Drainage area, 4,170 square miles]

Month

April.. ............. ................ . . .

July- . - .

The year.

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

142 

290 

148

4,160 

1,870 

797 

1,460 

458 

267 

1,060

4,160

Minimum

39

333 

195 

255 

30 

39 

100

Mean

78.1 

193 

97.9 

62.1 

154 

1,070 

881 

433 

600 

210 

109 

385

356

Per 

square 

mile

0.019 

.046 

.023 

.015 

.037 

.257 

.211 

.104 

.144 

.050 

.026 

.092

.085

Run-off 

in inches

0.02 

.05- 

.03 

.02 

.04 

.30- 

.24 

.12 

.16- 

.06 

.03 

.10

1.17-
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 121 

DES MOINES RIVER NEAR BOONE, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 12, T. 84 N., R. 27 W., at highway bridge in Centerville, I 

mile above Boone waterworks, 2J^ miles northwest of Boone, Boone County, 

and 3 miles above Bluff Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 5,480 square miles (measured on map issued by United States 

Geological Survey; scale, 1:500,000.)

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 1, 1920, to September 30, 1923. At site of old gage 

3^4 miles downstream at the Chicago & Northwestern Railway crossing, 

scattered records of stage have been obtained by the United States Weather 

Bureau from 1905 to 1917.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream side of bridge 20 feet from left end 

of right span; read by S. A. Elliott.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached or 

by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Well-defined control is formed by remains of an old 

dam, 300 feet below bridge. Channel consists of gravel and sand and is 

fairly permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.6 feet at 9 

a. m. March 28 (discharge, 6,520. second-feet); minimum stage, 1.18 feet at 

7 a. m. July 28 (discharge, 62 second-feet).

1920-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 13.39 feet July 11, 1920 (discharge, 

16,900 second-feet); minimum stage, that of July 28, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. The city power plant at Fort Dodge causes some diurnal fluctuation during periods of extremely low water.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year. Rating curve well 

defined between 100 and 18,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths once 

daily and frequently during days of rapidly changing stage. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table except as 

explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records good.

Discharge measurements of Des Moines River near Boone, Iowa, during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Oct. 21.............................. ........... .....................................

May 25... ....... __ .... _____________ .... _ . __________ . __

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.38

2.08

Discharge

See.-ft. 

115

409
122 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Moines River near Boone, Iowa, for the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1.... _ .......

2.... ..........

3.. . .......... .

4... __ .......

5...... ........

.6..............

7... ........ ...

8.. . ...........

9... .......... .

10 . -

11 

12..............

13 . 

14.. 

15..............

16..............

17..............

18.. ............

19..............

20 

21..............

22..............

23..............

24

25..............

26...... ........

27..............

28. ..........

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

85

108

169

96

65

70

96

190

148

96

75

80

105

120

127

114

105

96

114

108

90

90

127

127

120

99

93

93

93

75

Qfi

Nov.

155

204

249

233

204

237

270

288

296

310

274

310

332

321

310

310

354

365

365

354

338

321

321

310

310

310

321

Dec.

326

348

316

283

190

150

110

70

Jan.

75

70

68

Feb.

99

141

108

108

233

Mar.

241

301

321

430

850

391

301

333

365

354

622

665

622

665

622

500

500

500

400

500

'800

2,300

2,600

3,180

5,790

5,360

6,080

6,520

4,340

4,200

3,040

Apr.

2,310

2,310

2,740

3,470

3,040

2,740

2,460

1,730

1,310

1,180

1,120

1,000

1,000

1,000

950

900

802

802

850

665

710

665

710

950

1,180

1,240

1,450

1,450

1,240

1,120

May

1,000

900

950

710

665

665

665

580

580

500

540

622

622

665

622

540

755

622

665

580

580

540

458

417

437

486

410

444

430

365

398

June

465

479

1,060

850

802

850

665

665

622

802

1,240

1,870

2,160

2,020

1,660

1,180

1,000

1,060

900

850

950

1,120

900

755

665

622

540

665

850

622

July

665

622

665

540

540

540

540

540

500

479

417

472

365

365

365

310

278

245

241

249

237

190

183

197

169

120

. 88

62

75

77

77

Aug.

102

134

120

204

120

114

108

96

102

117

148

176

321

288

257

245

237

233

241

208

204

162

141

96

102

102

114

111

105

162

214

'Sept.

288

378

472

580

500

465

417

332

354

326

241

208

190

176

155

169

218

265

292

306

665

1,120

1,240

1,180

1,180

1,120

1,120

1,310

1,450

1,590

NOTE. Gage not read Dec. 6 and 7; discharge interpolated. Dis charge, Mar. 18-23, estimated from 

weather records.

Monthly discharge of Des Moines% River near Boone, Iowa, for the year ending

September 30, 192S

[Drainage area, 5,480 square miles]

Month

October..... _________________

November . .... .........................

March _____________________

April _____ . ______ _ _.._.

May........................................

June. .-.. - . ..........................

July.........................................

August.. ___________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

190 

365 

6,520 

3,470 

1,000 

2,160 

665 

321 

1,590

Minimum

65 

155 

241 

665 

365 

465 

62 

96 

155

Mean

105 

298 

1,730 

1,440 

594 

963 

336 

164 

610

Per 

square 

mile

0.019 

.054 

.316 

.263 

.108 

.176 

.061 

.030 

.111

Run-oft 

in inches

0.02 

.06 

.36 

.29 

.12 

.20 

.07 

.03 

.12
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI EIVER BASIN 123

DES MOINES EIVER AT DES MOINES, IOWA

LOCATION. In T. 78 N., R. 24 W., at Walnut Street Bridge in Des Moines, 

Polk County, one-fourth mile below dam of Des Moines Electric Co. and 

1 mile above mouth of Raccoon River.

DKAINAGE ABE A. 6,180 square miles (measured on map issued by United 

States Geological Survey; scale, 1: 500,000).

RECOBDS AVAILABLE. October 2, 1902, to August 3, 1903; October 1, 1914, to 

September 30, 1923, at Walnut Street Bridge. May 27, 1905, to July 20, 

1906, at Interurban Bridge near Highland Park 5 miles upstream. * The 

United States Weather Bureau maintained a gage at Locust Street Bridge 

from July 1, 1897, to January, 1912, and at Walnut Street Bridge since 

January, 1912.

GAGE. The original gage was a staff gage at Locust Street Bridge. In January, 1912, a Friez water-stage recorder, replacing this, was installed one 

, block downstream at south end of second pier from east abutment of Walnut 

Street Bridge,'and set to read the same as the old gage. Gage zero is 774.74 

feet above sea level.

DISCHABGE MEASTJBEMENTS. Made at one of several bridges near the gage according to the stage.

CHANNEL AND CONTBOL. The back fill around the piers of Court Street Bridge, 

one block downstream, forms the control for extreme low stages. The 

remains of a low timber dam one-quarter mile below gage form the control 

during medium stages. Both may be drowned out during high stages in 

Raccoon River.

EXTBEMES OP DISCHARGES. Maximum discharge recorded during year, about 

8,000 second-feet March 28; minimum stage, 0.9 foot October 30 (discharge, 

about 40 second-feet).

1915-1923: Maximum discharge, about 41,500 'second-feet June 7, 1918; 

brief periods of zero flow have occurred since construction of dam above 

gage.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice except when temporary ice 

jams are formed at bridges below gage.

REGULATION. Considerable diurnal fluctuations during low water is caused by 

operation of power plant at dam one-fourth mile above gage.

ACCUBACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, for all but flood 

periods. Rating curve well defined between 200 and 20,000 second-feet. 

Operation of water-stage recorder not satisfactory at low stages. During 

those periods daily staff gage readings were taken. Mean daily gage height 

obtained by inspection of recorder graph. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table except as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records fair.

COOPEBATION. Gage-height record furnished by United States Weather Bureau.

Discharge measurements of Des Moines River at Des Moines, Iowa, during the year 

ending September 80, 1928

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Jan. 24 _ ............. __ ....

May 2....... _____ .... _

Gage 

height

Feel 

1.50

3.00

Discharge

Sec.-ft. "202

1,410

Date

July 17............... ....

height

Feet 

3.90

1.95

Discharge

See.-ft. 

2,500

446

76612 26 WSP 565 9
124 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Moines River at Des Moines, Iowa, for the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Day

1 - 

2...........

3... ....

4... . ......

5....... 

?::::!::::: 8 . 

9. ........ .

10... . ......

11 .. 

12.. ...... ..

13 

14 - 

15 ...... -

16 

17.. .. ......

18--,- 

19.-... 

20... 

21. ... ......

22.........

23 - 

24. 

25 - 

26 . 

27..-- 

28.-- . 

29.. --. ......

30. . 

31- 

Oct.

170

170

140

140

110

110

475

355

255

210

170

170

170

210

170

170

170

140

140

140

140

170

140

110

110

110

110

80

60

40

60

Nov.

210

415

305

355

415

475

415

415

305

305

355

415

700

620

620

545

545

545

475

475

545

545

545

475

475

475

475

475

475

475

Dec.

475

415

415

415

355

355

355

355

305

255

210

Jan.

200

Mar.

140

355

355

875

875

1,130

975

830

785

660

660

830

875

830

415

255

330

330

210

332

355

975

1,640

3,320

6,530

7,240

7,490

8,000

7,490

5,900

4,320

Apr.

3,460

3,040

3,040

3,600

3,740

3,600

3,460

3,040

2,630

2,120

1,880

1,760

1,640

1,640

1,640

1,520

1,520

1,410

1,300

1,300

1,240

1,350

1,350

1,410

1,640

1,760

1,640

1,880

1,880

1,640

May

1,520

1,410

1,300

1,300

1,080

975

875

875

875

830

1,350

1,880

1,640

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,300

1,180

1,180

1,130

1,080

975

875

785

742

700

700

742

785

742

June

700

785

785

1,080

1,180

1,410

1,640

1,470

1,350

1,410

1,640

1,880

2,370

2,630

2,500

2,120

2,060

1,700

1,500

1,300

1,250

1,300

1,350

1,240

1,080

875

875

1,240

1,080

1,080

July

975

870

860

750

735

742

660

670

670

682

682

545

510

510

490

475

, 475

445

415

355

385

355

260

265

270

270

260

240

210

180

190

Aug.

210

170

210

415

210

170

170

155

150

150

155

170

210

255

330

385

330

305

305

305

355

250

270

260

230

210

415

545

545

475

355

Sept.

385

545

545

875

830

925

875

582

475

500

475

445

385

305

255

232

255

305

355

510

930

975

1,470

1,410

1,410

1,300

1,180

1,470

2,370

2,760

NOTE. Discharge Mar. 25-29 obtained by comparison with similar flood in October, 1923. Discharge 

June 18-23, July 2-5,23-31, Aug. 9,10, 21-26, and Sept. 10 obtained by comparison with record of flow at 

auxiliary station half a mile upstream.

Monthly discharge of Des Moines River at Des Moines, Iowa, for the year ending

September SO, 1923 

[Drainage area, 6,180 square miles]

Month

October.. __________________

April ...... . . ..

July . 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

475 

700 

8,000 

3,740 

1,880 

2,630 

975 

545 

2,760

Minimum

40 

210 

140 

1,240 

700 

700 

180 

150 

232

Mean

159 

462 

2,110 

2,100 

1,110 

1,430 

497 

280 

844

Per 

square 

mile

0.026 

.075 

.341 

.339 

.180 

.231 

.080 

.045 

.137

Run-off 

in inches

0.03 

.08 

.39 

.38 

.21 

.26 

.09 

.05 

.15

DES MOINES RIVER NEAR TRACY, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 19, T. 75 N., R. 17 W., at highway bridge in Bellefontaine,

Mahaska County, near Tracy, Marion County, 3 miles above mouth of

Cedar Creek and 6 miles below mouth of English Creek, both of which enter

from right. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 12,400 square miles (measured on map issued by United

States Geological Survey; scale, 1:500,000). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 1, 1920, to September 30, 1923. From about.

April 22 to December 31, 1910, the United States Engineer Corps maintained

daily readings at same site. 

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream side of bridge near right end of

second span from right end of bridge; read by D. M. Coleman. Sea-1 eve

elevation of zero of gage is 671.78 feet.
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI EIVEE BASIN 125

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached or

by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Solid rock bottom overlain in places with sand and

gravel. Sight bank high; left bank subject to overflow at high stages.

Low-water control well defined. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 13.3 feet at

7 p. m. March 26 and 7 a. m. March 27 (discharge, 26,300 second-feet) ;

minimum discharge probably occurred during winter.

1920-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 14.74 feet May 14, 1920 (discharge

31,900 second-feet).

Maximum stage since 1851 about 25 feet May 31, 1903 (discharge, estimated 100,000 second-feet). 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice during periods of extremely cold

weather. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed March 26. Both rating curves

fairly well defined between 1,500 and 25,000 second-feet. Gage read to 

. hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean

daily gage height to rating tables. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Des Moines River near Tracy, Iowa, during the year

ending September SO, 1923

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Oct. 16... 

July 17. 

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.80

3.55

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

1,620

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Moines River near Tracy, Iowa, for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 

2 

3.... ............

4... .. ... ........

5.. ... ........ 

6... ................

7.. .... ........

8 ..............

9..-------..----.--.

10 

11 

12-.---. .

13 

14-..--..--..........

15 

16 

17... .........

18 

19 .

20 

21 

22 

23... .-. __ ......

24. .

25 

26 

27 . . .

28 

29.- _ .---..-.-.....

30 

31 .

Oct.

790

790

750

750

750

750

1,130

1,270

1,530

1,320

1,040

910

830

830

790

790

790

750

750

750

710

710

710

710

710

670

670

- 670

670

670

670

Nov.

995

2,260

2,130

1,880

1,530

1,530

1,480

1,370

1,220

1,130

1,130

1,760

6,310

7,190

6,100

4,150

2,830

2,400

2,260

2,260

2,000

2,000

1,880

1,760

1,640

1,530

1,530

1,530

1,530

1,420

Dec.

1,420

1,320

1,320

1,320

1,320

1,220

1,130

995

995

670

595

Mar.

1,130

910

950

1,130

2,540

2,980

2,260

1,760

1,530

1,640

1,420

1,320

1,420

1,530

1,530

1,320

995

830

595

870

1,320

4,520

8,600

8,600

17,800

25,900

25, 900

23,800

20,400

16,800

12,900

Apr.

10,300

8,360

7,650

8,360

8,600

8,840

7,880

6,960

6,100

5,300

4,740

4,210

4,040

4,040

3,870

3,870

3,870

3,870

3,550

3,390

3,230

3,550

3,550

3,550

3,870

4,040

4,210

4,560

4,560

May

3,870

3,550

3,230

3,080

2,930

2,650

2,510

2,380

2,250

2,250

2,250

5,690

5,380

5,110

4,560

4,380

4,380

4,210

4,040

3,870

3,550

3,230

3,080

2,930

2,790

2,650

2,510

2,380

2,380

3,230

June

2,580

2,380

2,250

2,380

2,380

2,930

3,230

3,550

3,550

3,870

4,740

5,300

6,100

6,100

4,560

4,210

4,040

4,040

4,380

4,040

3,230

3,080

3,870

3,390

July

2,790

2,650

2,930

2,930

3,230

2,790

2,380

2,130

1,890

1,780

2,380

2,790

2,130

2,130

1,780

1,670

1,670

1,570

1,670

1,670

1,470

1,370

1,280

1,190

1,060

1,020

1,020

1,020

940

940

900

-Aug.

900

980

1,020

980

1,280

3,080

3,230

2,930

2,130

1,470

1,780

2,010

1,780

2,010

2,010

1,890

1,890

2,010

1,670

1,470

1,370

1,280

1,470

1,670

1,470

1,890

2,510

Sept.

2,380

2,010

1,890

1,890

2,380

2,650

2,650

2,510

2,130

1,780

1,670

1,570

1,470

1 Q7ft

1,280

1,190

1,240

1,370

1,670

1,780

2,010

2,380

2,930

3,230

3,080

2,930

10,300

8,360

7,650
126 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Monthly discharge of Des Moines River near Tracy, Iowa, for the year ending

September SO, 1983

[Drainage area, 12,400 square miles]

Month

October.... ___ _

November __ ___ _____ .

March..... _____________ . ..

April. __________ ..

June.... ___________________

July..... ....................................

August ______________ . .

September..... _______________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,530 

7,190 

25,900 

10,300 

5,690 

6,100 

3,230 

3,230 

10,300

Minimum

670 

995 

595 

3,230 

2,250 

2,250 

900 

900 

1,190

Mean

827 

2,290 

6,300 

5,240 

3,350 

3,870 

1,840 

1,810 

2,720

Per 

square 

mile

0.067 

.185 

.508 

.422 

.270 

.312 

.148 

.146 

.219

Kun-off 

in inches

0.08 

.21 

.59 

.47 

.31 

.35 

.17 

.17 

.24

DES MOINES RIVER AT OTTUMWA, IOWA \

ILocATioN. At Market Street Bridge, Ottumwa, Wapello County. No large 

tributary within several miles.

DRAINAGE AREA. 13,200 square miles (measured on map issued by United 

States Geological Survey; scale, 1:500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 28, 1917, to September 30, 1923. Fragmentary 

high-water observations 1902 to 1916.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream handrail of bridge. Staff gage 

painted on northeast face of north pier used prior to August 2, 1917.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from Vine Street Bridge, 1,500 feet below 

gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel fairly permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 10.2 feet 

March 27 and 28 (discharge, 26,900 second-feet); minimum discharge, 405 

second-feet February 21-24.

1917-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 16.5 feet June 11, 1917 (discharge, 

58,700 second-feet); minimum discharge estimated less than 350 secondfeet several days during December, 1917.

Maximum discharge since 1850, May 31, 1903 (discharge estimated, 

100,000 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. Power plant located short distance above gage probably produces some diurnal fluctuation at low stages.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined 

above 700 second-feet. Gage read to tenths once daily. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table except as explained 

in footnote to table of daily discharge. Open-water records good; winter 

records fair.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by United States Weather Bureau.

The following discharge measurement was made by J. B. Spiegel: 

.July 18, 1923: Gage-height, 2.33 feet; discharge, 1,890 second-feet.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 127

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Moines River at Ottumwa, Iowa, for the year

ending September SO, 19%S

Day

1. __ . ___ .

2...... .......

3..... .....

4... ..........

5 ...........

6.............

7 ..........

8-... .........

9. .........

10 -. ......

11............

12.............

13.. .....

14...... .......

15-.. .........

16 . ...

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 . .

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29.... 

30 

31 .

Oct.

1,100

1,100

975

860

750

750

860

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,830

1,670

1,230

975

975

860

750

650

650

650

650

860

975

860

860

860

860

860

750

750

750

Nov.

860

2,370

2,560

2,980

9 QSfl

2,980

2,370

9 fiftft

9 nnn

1,520

1,370

1,670

2,180

9,430

8,550

7,390

5,710

4,660

2,980

1,830

2,560

2,370

2,370

2,180

2,000

1,830

1,670

1,830

1.830

1,670

Dec.

1,670

1,670

1,670

1,670

1,520

1,370

1,370

1,100

860

750

650

560

560

560

750

750

650

650

650

650

650

650

700

700

700

700

750

, 750

750

750

860

Jan.

975

975

975

860

860

860

860

tun

650

650

750

860

860

860

860

860

750

860

860

860

860

750

750

750

750

750

860

860

750

860

860

Feb.

860

860

750

750

560

560

650

750

860

650

650

650

650

600

550

500

620

440

440

440

405

405

405

405

480

560

560

650

Mar.

650

1,100

1,370

1,520

1,520

1 44(1

3,440

2,770

2,370

2,000

1,670

1,830

2,000

2,000

2,980

3 440

4,150

2,980

1,670

1,370

1,370

5,180

9,430

11,600

16,000

25,300

26,900

26,900

23,800

20,700

16,300

Apr.

12,200

10,300

8,840

8,260

8,260

8,840

9,130

7 o7n

7,390

6,250

5,710

5,180

4,660

4,400

4,400

4,150

4,150

4,150

3,910

3,670

3,440

3,440

3,440

3,910

3,910

4,150

4,400

4,660

4,920

4,660

May

4,400

3,910

3,440

3,210

2,980

2,770

2,770

2,370

2,180

2,180

2,180

4,660

6,810

5,980

5,710

5,180

4,660

4,920

4,400

4,150

3,910

3,670

3,440

3,210

2,980

2,770

2,560

2,370

2,370

2,370

2,370

June

3,670

3,210

2,560

2,370

2,180

2,560

2,770

s 44n

3,440

3,670

3,910

4,660

5,180

5,180

5,980

6,530

6,250

5,980

5,180

4,660

4,400

4,400

4,920

4,660

4,400

3,910

4,150

6,250

6,530

4,150

July

3,670

3,210

3,210

3,910

3,910

3,670

3,210

2,770

2,370

2,180

2,000

2,370

3,440

2,560

2,370

2,000

1,830

1,830

1,670

1,670

1,670

1,670

1,520

1,520

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,100

1,100

1,100

Aug.

975

1,100

975

1,100

1,520

1,670

2,980

3,910

3,910

3,440

2,560

1,830

1,670

2,000

2,000

2,000

2,180

2,180

2,180

2,000

2,000

2,180

2,000

2,000

1,670

1,520

1,520

1,670

2,000

1,670

1,830

Sept.

2,560

2,560

2,180

2,000

2,000

2,560

2,980

3,210

2,770

2,370

2,000

2,000

1,830

1,830

1,520-

1,520

1,370-

1,370s

1,370»

1,370<

1,830*

2,000'

2,180-

2,180

2,770*

3,440-

3,670

3,910

14,200-

7,100

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 23 to Feb. 28; discharge estimated from record ef 

flow at Keosauqua and weather records.

Monthly discharge of Des Moines River at Ottumwa, Iowa, for the year ending

September 80, 192S

[Drainage area, 13,200 square miles.]

Month

October. ___________________

November ___________________

January. ....................................

March __________________ _ ...

April _ 

May.. ____________________

June ......................................

July .................................

August ......................................

The year.. ............................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,830 

9,430 

1,670 

975 

860 

26,900 

12,200 

6,810 

6,530 

3,910 

3,910 

14,200

26,900

Minimum

650 

860 

560 

650 

405 

650 

3,440 

2,180 

2,180 

1,100 

975 

1,370

405

1

Mean

975 

2,960 

905 

826 

591 

7,350 

5,760 

3,580 

4,340 

2,210 

2,010 

2,820

2,870

Per

square 

mile

0.074 

.224 

.069 

.063 

.045 

.557 

.436 

.272 

.329 

.167 

.152 

.214

.218

Run-off 

in inches

0.09 

.2& .08-

.or .05- 

.64- 

.49* 

.31 

.3T .19- 

.18- 

.24

2.96
128 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PART V 

DES MOINES RIVER AT KEOSAUQUA, IOWA

LOCATION. In sec. 36, T. 69 N., R. 10 W., at county bridge in Keosauqua, Van

Buren County, one-fourth mile above old dam site and Government locks.

No important tributary enters Des Moines River for several miles up or

down stream. 

DRAINAGE AREA. At gaging station 13,900 square miles; at mouth, 14,300 square

miles (measured on map issued by United States Geological Survey; scale,

1:500,000). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 29, 1903, to July 21, 1906; April 5 to December 31,

1910; August 3, 1911, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Chain gage attached to upstream handrail of bridge; read by Frank

Schreckengast.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel shifts considerably at flood stages. Control

is a gravel riffle one-fourth mile below gage. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 9.2 feet at

8 a. m. March 28 (discharge, 26,200 second-feet); minimum discharge, about

300 second-feet December 13.

1903-1906; 1910-1922: Maximum stage recorded, 27.85 feet June 1, 1903

(discharge, about 97,000 second-feet); minimum discharge, 160 second-feet

August 28 to September 6, 1911.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed March 28. Both rating curves

fairly well defined above 700 second-feet. Gage read to half-tenths once

daily except Sunday. Daily discharge obtained by applying daily gage

height to rating table except as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. Open-water records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Des Moines River at Keosauqua, Iowa, during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Feb. 9

Made by Gage 

height

Feet 

0.38

".75

«.71

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

867

903

Date

May 31

July 18

Made by- Gage 

height

Feet

.93

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

9 43fl

1,630

Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVEK BASIN 129

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Moines River at Keosauqua, Iowa, for the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Day

I...... .......

2 

3.... .........

4.............

5.............

6 . ......

7... ..........

8.............

9 

10. 

11.... .........

12.............

13... .

14.............

15. 

16.............

17.............

18...... .......

19.............

20. ......

21............'.

22. ........

23 ... .

24...... .......

25.. .

26.. ......

27.............

28... ..........

29.............

30... .

31.............

Oct.

1 080

1,170

910

910

760

760

835

1,260

1,440

i fiifi

2,060

1 740

1,260

910

910

910

835

910

760

835

760

760

835

760

760

fiQn

690

760

560

380

440

Nov.

835

835

2,720

3,060

2,610

2,170

1,850

2,060

1,950

1,440

1,170

1,850

3,420

9,850

9,280

7,580

5,400

4,130

3,300

2,500

3,060

9 0*10.

2,720

2,500

2,390

2,270

2,170

2,170

9 ftAfi

2,060

Dec.

9 IW1

1,850

1,850

1,850

1,850

1,600

1,600

1,200

900

800

700

600

300

Rfln

Ann

Ann

450

600

760

onn

QAA

&no

700

*7ftft

7nn

7nn

700

firm

800

900

850

Jan.

800

800

800

800

800

7flA

7AA

700

700

600

600

650

7nn

800

850

onn

700

850

1,300

QAA

1,100

1,800

1 4(¥>

800

Onn

800

Qrtfi

QftA

1,000

850

850

Feb.

850

850

<inn

500

800

700

600

700

900

ftAfi

800

700

600

600

jrtn

jrtn

Af\f\

j.nn

400

400

400

400

 4.ftft

400

600

*7ftft

750

ftAfi

Mar.

850

1,170

1,350

1,350

i ocn

2,170

3,650

3,420

2,840

o vin

2,500

9 Rdo

3,180

9 fidft

 9 &m

3,400

3,400

3,700

0 AAA

1,200

1,500

6,000 6 non

13, 100

13, 100

99 ftfifl

25,800

94. ftfifl

21,400

18,500

Apr.

15,000

n inn

9,810

8,940

8,650

9

OQA

9,230

8,360

7,780

6,650

6,090

5,540

4,740

4 480

a. <tsn

4,220

3,970

3,970

<* Q7n

3,730

3,490

3,020

2,560

3

Q7A

3,970

3,970

a. dsn

4, 480

5,000

5,000

May

4,480

4,220

3,970

3,490

3 OKA

3,020

9 Qftft

2,560

2,340

2,120

2,340

9 4.1*0.

6,090

6,370

6,090

5

KAf\

5,000

4,740

4 740

4,480

4,220

q Q7A

3,490

q OCA

3,020

o onn

9 7Qn

O ECA

2. 450

2,680

2,560

June

2,450

3,490

*> onn

2,340

2,340

3,250

2,560

3,020

3,490

3,970

4,220

3,970

5,000

5,000

5,540

5,810

6,650

6,090

5,270

4 480

4,480

3,970

4,480

4 480

4 480

3,970

3,970

5,000

7 .ton

5,000

July

3 Q7n

3,490

3,020

3,490

3 O7n

i o?n

<t 4on

3,020

2,560

2

0JA

2,230

2,020

5,000

3 91ft

3,020

2,450

1,800

1,700

1,700

1,600

1,910

1,700

1,600

1 400

1,310

1 ft4ft

1,220

i AJA

Qfin

880

805

Aug.

asm

Qfin

880

960

1,310

1,506

3,490

3,970

3,490

3,490

1,700

1,500

2,340

2,230

2,020

2,120

2,230

2,120

2,020

1,910

2,120

2 120

1,910

1,700

1,500

1,400

1,500

1,800

1,700

1,600

Sept.

2,230

o onfl

2,450

2,120 9 ion

n <7QA

3,020

2,900

2,790

2,680

2,230

2,020

1,800

1,600

1,600

1,500

1,310

1,220

1,130

1,220

1,220

1,910

2,020

2,120

9 7on

3,490

3,970

3 OCA

10,700

10,100

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 6 to Mar. 1 and Mar. 16-23; discharge estimated from 

gage heights corrected for effect of ice by means of two discharge measurements, observer's notes, and 

weather records. Gage not read on Sundays; discharge interpolated or estimated by comparison with 

records of flow at Ottumwa.

Monthly discharge of Des Moines River at Keosauqua, Iowa, for the year ending

September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 13,900 square miles]

Month

October ________________ _ .

November ______ _ __

December. ______________ ......

January--- ________ _ - -

February ________ . ................

March.. _ ________ ...

April....................................

May.........................................

June __________ . _ .... .....

July.........................................

August... ________ . __________ .

September ______ ... .................

The year.... ____________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

2,060 

9,850 

2,060 

1,800 

900 

26,200 

15,000 

6,370 

7,490 

5,000 

3,970 

10,700

26,200

Minimum

380 

835 

300 

600 

400 

850 

2,560 

2,120 

2,340 

805 

880 

1,130

300

Mean

945 

3,080 

955 

869 

595 

7,480 

6,000 

3,680 

4,310 

2,320 

1,940 

2,770

2,920

Per 

square 

mile

0.068 

.222 

.069 

.063 

.043 

.538 

.432 

.265 

.310 

.167 

.140 

.199

.210

Run-off 

in inches

0.08 

.25 

.08 

.07 

.04 

.62 

.48 

.31 

.35 

.19 

.16 

.22

2.85
130 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V 

RACCOON RIVER AT TAB1 METER, IOWA

LOCATION. In SW. H sec. 22, T. 78 N., R. 27 W., at highway bridge one-third 

mile from railroad station in Van Meter, Dallas County, 1 mile below 

junction of North and South Raccoon Rivers, and 30 miles above junction 

of Raccoon and Des Moines Rivers.

DRAINAGE ABBA. At gaging station, 3,410 square miles; at mouth 3,590 square 

miles (measured on map issued by United States Geological Survey; scale, 

1:500,000). ,

RECOKDS AVAILABLE. April 25, 1915, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley 7-day water-stage recorder installed May 31, replacing a chain 

gage attached to downstream handrail of bridge 25 feet from right abutment. . Gage read and recorder inspected by Fred I. Smith.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and gravel; subject to change. 

River divided into two channels at low and medium stages by an island. 

Right bank high; left bank subject to overflow at stage of 13 feet. At 

extremely high stages this overflow will extend for several hundred feet 

beyond left end of, bridge.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 11.50 feet at 

7 a. m. March 27 (discharge, 10,100 second-feet); minimum discharge 

probably occurred during winter.

1915-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 17.5 feet June 7, 1917 (discharge, 

31,800 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.56 feet, October 22, 1918 (discharge, 

about 28 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACT. Stage-discharge relation permanent during the year. Rating curve 

well defined between 100 and 15,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths 

twice daily prior to May 31; operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory 

after that date. Mean daily gage height obtained by inspection of recorder 

graph. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to 

rating table except as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. 

Records prior to May^l good; after that date excellent.

Discharge measurements of Raccoon River at Van Meter, Iowa, during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

[Made by J. B. Spiegel]

Date

Jan. 24. _ ................................. _ ......... __ . _ ... _ . ____ . __ .

May 1-. .............................................................. - .... 

May 31.. ........................... ..............................................

a

Feet 

 2.68

4.10

3.66

Discharge

3ec.-ft. 

200

1,240

052

> Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVEE BASIN 131

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Raccoon River at Van Meter, Iowa, for the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Day

1 ._-.

2. ...... 

3.. ..............

4.... . __ ... .

5... ....... _

6 ........ _ .....

7 ................

8. ...............

9. ...............

10.......... .........

11 ................

12.......... .........

13 ................

14.............. __ .

15 .................

16 ................

17...................

18 ...............

19...................

20...................

21 ..............

22...................

23 --, -.-. .

24 

25..... ..............

26 .. 

27 .... _ ........

28... .......... __ ..

29 ......... ...

30 

31 

Oct.

210

195

150

150

160

165

245

410

262

245

245

210

210

210

210

210

210

210

210

210

210

262

228

210

210

210

180

150

150 '180

228

Nov.

300

365

410

410

410

410

410

410

460

510

510

600

690

690

690

660

660

925

1,030

1,030

925

788

660

630

570

510

510

510

510

510

Jan.

200

Mar.

1,590

960

570

510

460

510

510

510

660

855

820

410

540

320

250

200

250

700

1,180

1,590

1,680

9,620

8,880

9,780

8,190

6,760

4,910

3,600

Apr.

2,760

2,450

2,650

2,750

2,550

2,250

1,960

1,680

1,500

1.-420

1,340

1,260

1,260

1,340

1,340

1,340

1,340

1,260

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,100

1,100

1,340

1,590

2,060

2,350

2, 60

1,680

1,500

May

1,340

1,180

1,030

960

820

788

752

690

630

630

855

1,960

2,250

1,870

1,870

2,060

1,870

1,870

1,780

1,590

1,500

1,340

1,180

1,100

960

890

788

788

788

855

855

June

960

995

995

1,030

925

960

1,560

1,640

1,420

1,460

1,730

2,300

2,850

3,160

3,050

2,060

2,160

1,870

2,110

3,050

3,270

2,850

2,450

2,110

1,780

1,730

1,780

1,420

1,260

1,260

July

1,820

2,060

1,820

1,640

1,500

1,340

1,180

1,070

1,030

925

807

897

890

890

890

890

1,340

1,180

890

755

660

576

540

485

455

420

401

392

365

342

324

Aug.

324

410

415

820

742

660

904

678

618

820

890

1,070

1,590

1,820

1,780

1,640

1,500

1,340

2,010

1,780

1,420

1,140

995

883

781

729

729

1,500

2,550

2,160

1,680

Sept.

1,500

1,500

1,820

2,200

2,160

1,960

1,680

1,500

1,260

1,260

1,100

995

890

820

755

690

690

722

820

1,100

1,500

2,300

2,460

2,350

2,060

1,820

1,640

2,300

3,950

5,150

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 24 from current-meter measurement; Mar. 18-21 estimated.

Monthly discharge of Raccoon River at Van Meter, Iowa, for the year ending

September 80, 1928

[Drainage area, 3,410 square miles]

Month

October ___________________

November...... .............................

March 4-31 .... ...................

April................ ................... _ ..

May.. .......................................

July ............... .......................

August ......................................

September. .. . 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

« 

262 

1,030 

9,780 

2,760 

2,250 

3,270 

2,060 

2,550 

5, 150

Minimum

150 

300 

200 

1,100 

630 

925 

324 

324 

690

Mean

211 

590 

2,390 

1,690 

1,220 

1,870 

928 

1,170 

1,700

Per 

square 

mile

a 062 

.173 

.701 

.496 

.358 

.548 

.272 

.343 

.499

Run-off 

in inches

a o?

.19 

.73 

.55 

.41 

.61 

.31 

.40 

.56

76612 26 WSP 565 10
132 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

SUGAR CREEK NEAR KEOKUK, IOWA

LOCATION. At single span highway bridge in sec. 7, T. 65 N., R. 5 W., 3J^ miles 

above mouth of creek, and 6 miles northwest of Keokuk, Lee County, on 

road to Argyle.

DRAINAGE AREA. At gaging station, 113 square miles; at mouth, 120 square 

miles (measured on topographic county map; scale, one-half inch=l mile).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 29, 1922, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder attached to right abutment of 

bridge, installed June 25, 1923, replacing chain gage attached to downstream 

side of bridge 48 feet from right abutment. Gage read and recorder inspected by Mrs. J. B. Williams.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached or 

by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand; channel shifting. Left bank 

subject to overflow at .high stages. During June and July, 1923, an artificial 

control of heavy timber and riprap construction was built 100 feet below 

gage. A trapezoidal weir with an angle iron crest was built in the control 

for more accurately measuring low-water flow. Elevation of crest in lowest 

part is 1.01 feet referred to gage datum. There is some leakage through 

control.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.00 feet, 

4 p. m. March 15 (discharge, 740 second-feet); creek dry during all of October and parts of November, June, July, August, and September; frozen 

solid at intervals during winter.

1922-23: Maximum stage recorded, 8.05 feet July 12 (discharge, 1,830 

second-feet); creek dry at various times.

Maximum known stage about 20.6 feet June 9, 1905 (discharge, about 

15,000 second-feet). This flood was caused by the same storm which passed 

over the adjoining drainage area of Devil's Creek and caused the destructive 

flood in that stream.

ACCURACY. Until artificial control was built stage-discharge relation was not 

permanent, although rating curve was fairly well defined above 100 secondfeet. Since the installation of control, rating curve has been fairly well 

defined through range of stage which occurred. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying mean daily gage height to rating table or by shifting control 

method. Open-water records subject to considerable error due to shifting 

channel conditions prior to installation of control. Open-water records fair; 

winter records poor.

»

Discharge measurements of Sugar Creek near Keokuk, Iowa, during the year ending

September 30, 1923

Date

Dec. 6

Apr. 15

26

May 14

Made by- Gage 

height

Feet 

0.58

.73

.66

1.02

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

0.3

2.3

1.4

12.5

Date

Aug. 8

27

Made by 

Davis and Herlofcon ...

P. L. Mercer ...........

.....do.:.. _ . _____

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.43

1.40

1.83

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

3.7

3.7

27.2
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIS'

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sugar Creek near Keokuk, Iowa, for the year

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1 _______

2 _________ 3:. _ . .......

4 ..............

5..............

6........ __ ..

7 ..............

8 ___ . _ ....

9 ..............

10.. . .

11 ..............

12... __ . ___ .

13..... .........

14..............

15..............

16..............

17.. ....... .....

18........... ...

19..............

20-... ......

21..............

22......... __ .

23 __ ... _ . ...

24........ _ ...

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

0.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

Nov.

0.0

.0

.7

.5

.4

.3

.2

.1

.1

.1

.1

.7

62

36

15

5.4

2.1

4.2

1.8

 .7

.5

.6

.6

.6

.4

.6

.6

.4

.5

.4

Dec.

0.5

.5

.4

.5

.3

.2

.4

.3

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

Jan.

0.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.3

.2

.4

.3

.3

.5

.4

.3

.3

.3

.3

.3

.1

.0

.0

.2

.2

33

25

15

23

8.4

Feb.

11.0

6.6

.0

.0

.0

.0

.3

.3

.1

.1

.1

.1

.3

.2

.1

.1

.1

.0

.0

.0

.1.1.1

1.8

1.8

2.4

1.5

1.5

Mar.

7.2

7.2

4.8

14

21

7.2

6.0

1.5

3.6

6.0

11

266

116

72

320

320

123

20

50

in

51

90

60

47

31

20

16

11

11

7.2

10

Apr.

3.6

6.0

6.0

3.6

3.6

2.7

7.8

2.7

.9

1.5

2 4

1.8

1.2

2.1

2.3

2.7

.9

.3

1.5

.6

3.0

3.0

4.2

4.2

1.4

1.4

.5

.7

.6

.6

May

as

.5

.6

.4

.8

1.0

.9

.8

.8

.9

1.0

90

17

12

2.1

2.0

1.8

1.5

1.3

1.2

1.1

1.0

.9

.9

.6

.6

.6

1.1

.9

.5

.5

June

0.4

.3

.3

.3

1.2

12

2.4

3.6

1.5

4.2

5.4

3.0

5.4

1.8

1.3

1.0

.6

.1

.3

.1

.4

.2

.0

.0

25

1.0

5.0

50

10

2.4

July

0.5

.2

15

15

1.6

3.5

.2

3.3

.3

.1

.1

.1

.3

.1

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

Aug.

0.0

.0

.0

.0

5.3

2.4

.8

5.3

.6

.3

.1

.0

.0

.0

.0

.1

.3

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

Sept.

0.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

3.3

2.0

.5

.2

.0

.0

.0

.0

.1

.0

.0

.3

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

19

7.»

1.4

5.2

NOTE. Creek dry during all of October and parts of November, June, July, August and September. 

Frozen solid or seriously affected by ice Dec. 9 to Jan. 8, Jan. 22 and 23, Feb. 3-23, and Mar. 18-20; discharge 

estimated.

Monthly discharge of Sugar Creek near Keokuk, Iowa, for the year ending September 30, 1928

[Drainage area, 113 square miles]

Month

December. ................... ..... 

March ______________________

April.......................................

May __ ....................................

July___..._ ...................... ............

September ___________________

The year.... ..........................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

0 

62 

.5 

33 

11 

320 

7.8 

90 

50 

15 

5.3 

19

320

Minimum

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

3.6 

.3 

.4 

0 

0 

0 

0

0

Mean

0 

4.52 

.11 

3.51 

1.02 

56.8 

2.46 

4.71 

4.64 

1.3 

.49 

1.33

6.82

Per 

square 

mile

0 

.040 

.001 

.031 

.009 

.503 

.022 

.042 

.041 

.012 

.004 

.012

.060

Run-off 

in inches

0 

.04 

.001 

.04 

.01 

.58 

.02 

.05 

.05 

.01 

.005 

.01

.82

FOX BIVER NEAE WAYLAND, MO.

LOCATION. In NE. 34 sec. 25, T. 65 N., R. 7 W., at highway bridge 1 mile above 

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad bridge, 2% miles northwest of Wayland, Clark County, and 3 miles below Brush Creek.

DBAINAGE ABEA. 392 square miles (measured on maps compiled by United 

States Geological Survey, scale, 1: 500,000 and topographic maps).

RECOBDS AVAILABLE. February 22, 1922, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage bolted to handrail on upstream side of bridge; read by Lewis 

Schaaf.
134 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of clean sand; shifting. No welldefined control.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 9.75 feet at 

& a. m. March 16 (discharge, 1,980 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.00 feet 

sat 7.15 a. m. and 5.30 p. m. October 21 (discharge, 1.0 second-foot).

1922-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 11.00 feet July 12, 1922 (discharge, 

2,400 second-feet); minimum stage, that of October 21, 1922.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year; seriously affected 

by ice during winter. Rating curve well defined above 16 second-feet. 

^Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table except as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records good except for extreme low 

stages and periods of ice effect, for which they are fair.

.^Discharge measurements of Fox River near Wayland, Mo., during the year ending

September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 18

Dec. 29

Feb. 22

Made by 

W. R. Denison..... __

 ..do.... 

Gage 

height

Feet

2

(\A

a 9 9,4

" 2 42

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

3.2

4

e

Date

Mar. 30

Made by- Gage 

height

Feet 

3.08

2.55

2.18

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

91.

30.

3.&

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. /

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Fox River near Wayland, Mo., for the year ending

September 80, 1928

Day

1 

2 . . ...

3 

4 

6 

T. .............

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

19

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19- 

20 

21 

22 

33 -

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29

30 

31 

Oct.

1.6

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.6

1.4

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.8

9 9

1.9

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.0

1.4

1.6

1.4

1.7

1.8

1.6

1.5

1.6

1.9

Nov.

g

58

45

36

15

11

10

6

19

57

240

OKO

153

130

64

on

94

18

13

10

8

10

6

Dec.

5

4.0

5

3

0

3 9

3 A

6

6

0 Q

2

2

2

2

2

Jan.

7

7

7

6

9

6

6

6

4.5

4.0

6

3 A

3

n

5

3 a

2

2

2

4

3

0

4.5

3

0

09

107

79

60

Feb.

61

Kf!

28

16

g

4

4

2

2

2

2

2

4

6

6

20

Mar.

49

40

31

59

KQ

70

48

QQ

OQ

9Q

45

1,050

1,110

1,210

1,700

1,180

1,3.10

1,050

555

382

480

990

660

QQO

230

171

1Q7

100

QQ

76

Apr.

10

61

62

55

54

42

40

52

4407

38

*M

Oft

29

01

Oft

28

26

25

00

21

24

9.1

00

01

49

4.Q

90

oe

May

20

is

17

16

14

13

10

11

10

14

000

153

on

QI

ftO

42

OQ

26

00

20

20

1Q

12

10

10

12

16

9

June

8

61

30

56

47

35

OO

21

10

19

84

70

45

37

OQ

23

19

1ft

10

8

5

q Q

4.5

4 0

6

45

358

114

July

86

65

32

60

43

90

68

37

00

17

18

22

46

67

61

33

19

10

6

5

4.0

3

n

0 ft

9 9

1.9

9 A.

2.2

9 n

10

Aug.

6

3.8

2.6

3.8

1Q

11

91

17

17

12

12

6

8

12

3

Q

3.2

3 9

1 Q

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

2.4

6

6

Sept.

3 A

3.4

3.2

3.0

48

36

42

37

94

17

12

6

i i

3.2

2.8

9 A.

9 A.

3.6

8

6

4.5

3

0

3 9

3.0

RQfk

ion

55

1,050

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation aflected by ice Dec. 11-31, Jan. 18-23, and Feb. 4-24; discharge ascertained by applying to rating table mean daily gage heights corrected for ice eflect by means of discharge 

measurements, observer's notes, and weather records.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 135 

Monthly discharge of Fox River near Wayland, Mo., for the year ending September

O(s Qf) 1Q9<R } i&iiO

[Drainage area, 392 square miles]

Month

October. .. __________________

November .,._.. ___ ________ __

April ... ____________________

July.. - - .-

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

2.2 

358 

7 

107 

61 

1,700 

62 

382 

368 

90 

21 

1,050

1,700

Minimum

1.0

6 

2 

2 

2 

29 

21 

9 

3.6 

1.9 

1.6 

2.4

1.0

Mean

1.60 

47.2 

3.03 

15.3 

9.29 

457 

37.2 

38.8 

40.9 

27.3 

7.16 

70.6

62.9

Per

square 

mile

0.0038 

,120 

.0077 

.039 

.024 

1.17 

.095 

.099 

.104 

.070 

.018 

.180

.160

Run-off"

in inches']

0.004- 

.13 .009' 

.04 

.025 

1.35" 

.lit 

.IS 

.12 

.OS 

.02 

.20

2.19

WYACONDA RIVER NEAR CANTON, HO.

LOCATION. In SE. }£ SW. ^ sec. 33, T. 62 N., R. 6 W., at highway bridge, threefourths mile below Sugar Creek, 3 miles southwest of Canton, Lewis County, 

and 15 miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 447 square miles (measured on maps compiled by United 

Geological Survey, scale, 1:500,000, and on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 20, 1922, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to wooden beam between vertical members on 

upstream side of bridge; read by Fred Schroeder.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and mud; free from vegetation;. 

not permanent. No well-defined control. Banks wooded near edge and 

cultivated beyond; left bank subject to overflow at extreme high, stages.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 10.10 feet 

at 5 p. m. March 16 and 7.30 a. m. September 28 (discharge, 2,630 secondfeet); minimum discharge, 0.8 second-foot Octobter 15 and August 27-29.

1922-23: Maximum stage recorded, 11.66 feet March 14, 1922 (discharge, 3,270 second-feet); minimum discharge, that of October 15, 1922, 

and August 27-29, 1923.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; affected by ice during 

winter. Rating curves fairly well denned above 14 second-feet. Gage 

read to hundredths twice daily; readings fairly reliable. Daily discharge 

December 21 to September 30, except as noted in footnote to table of daily 

discharge, ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table; 

shifting-control method used October 1 to December 20. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Wyaconda River near Canton, Mo., during the year ending

September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 18

Dec. 28

Feb. 21

Made by 

-....do-... ... .

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.47

1.42

1.36

Discharge

'Sec.-ft. 

 1.6

6.4

3.6

Date

Mar. 30

Sept. 1

Made by 

E. L. Williams.........

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.91

1.54

1.52

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 72'

1*

26
136 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wyaconda River near Canton, Mo., for the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1... ...... 

2........ _ ...

3 ...........

4.. ..... _ .

5.. .........

6 

7... ...... .....

8. ... .... ...

9. ..........

10.. .........

11 

12..............

13 

14.. .........

15 

16.. 

17 

18 

19

20.. . ...

21. 

22 

23 

24.. 

25.... 

26. ,

27 

28. 

29 . .

30 .. 

31 

Oct.

1.6

1.5

1.6

1.6

1.4

7

7

6

5

1.8

1.2

1.0

1.0

1.0

.8

.9

1.7

2.4

3.2

2.8

2.0

2.8

2.4

1.8

2.0

1.7

1.7

1.8

2.8

2.0

3.2

Nov.

22

46

51

57

26

21

19

14

12

10

10

82

175

465

440

340

230

186

94

30

30

20

15

14

12

19

18

15

12

12

Dec.

6

d a

 7

6

6

5

4.4

3.2

2.4

2.4

2.0

1.8

1.8

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.8

2.4

1.8

2.0

2.8

4.0

4.0

3.2

6

4.8

4.8

2.8

Jan.

10

5

6

7

6

5

6

8

9

11

12

12

12

12

10

8

8

8

8

10

19

43

64

93

Feb.

QA

qi

11

6

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

2

2

3

3

4

4

8

15

12

10

Mar.

12

13

17

30

53

67

64

61

iA

40

43

1,800

1,620

1,340

1,160

2,550

1,970

1,070

830

680

465

340

440

278

253

218

164

109

89

66

53

Apr.

ifi

43

4O

37

34

46

37

35

30

25

21

21

22

20

19

17

15

13

12

12

11

14

17

22

31

36

34

21

20

19

May

17

16

15

16

10

8

6

5

4

6

218

164

315

175

70

46

43

43

42

12

14

12

8

6

6

6

8

20

11

10

12

June

9

8

6

4.4

6

10

8

6

5

7

16

51

40

18

17

16

16

15

12

7

6

12

18

17

11

2.4

2.4

64

72

102

July

144

61

KQ

50

860

465

278

SQ

66

47

29

35

680

490

265

42

28

12

11

10

8

8

12

11

6

7

6

8

3.2

1.9

1.5

Aug.

1.5

1.8

1.6

1 Q

3.5

8

3.5

147

98

73

41

35

23

18

20

20

20

18

16

8

4.4

2.9

1.8

1.6

1.0

.9

.9

.9

.8

98

52

Sept.

27

20

16

12

11

108

130

172

80

66

64

54

45

30

1.1

.9

.9

.9

1.4

2.3

3.8

4.7

2.0

1.5

1.4

1.0

1,550

2,390

1,100

1,760

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Feb. 4-20; discharge estimated from gage heights, 

observer's notes, and weather records. Discharge June 15, Aug. 30,31, and Sept. 2-4 estimated; gage readings probably in error. Results of discharge measurements used June 14 and Sept. 1.

Monthly discharge of Wyaconda River near Canton, Mo., for the year ending September SO, 192S

[Drainage area. 447 square miles]

Month

April... .......

July 

The year,... ..........................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

7 

465 

9 

93 

84 

2,550 

46 

315 

102 

860 

147 

2,390

2.550

Minimum

0.8 

10 

1.8 

5 

1 

12 

11 

4 

2.4 

1.5 

.8 

.9

.8

Mean

2.41 

83.2 

4.00 

14.6 

7.79 

514 

25.6 

43.4 

19.5 

122 

23.4 

255

92.9

Per square 

mile

0.0054 

.186 

.0089 

.033 

.017 

1.15 

.057 

.097 

.044 

.273 

.052 

.570

.208

Run-off 

in inches

0.006 

.21 

.01 

.04 

.02 

1.33 

.06 

.11 

.05 

.31 

.06 

.64

2.85

NORTH FABIUS RIVER AT MONTICEIIO, MO.

LOCATION. In SE. ^i sec. 6, T. 61 N., R. 7 W., at highway bridge 1 mile south 

of Monticello, Lewis County, and 22 miles above junction with Middle 

Fabius River. ,

DEAINAGE AREA. 452 square miles (measured on maps compiled by United 

States Geological Survey, scale, 1 : 500,000, and on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 18, 1922, to September 30, 1923.
UPPEB MISSISSIPPI BJVER BASISF 13T

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to upstream side of bridge; read by Floyd Nelson. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of rock, sand, and silt; clean and fairly

permanent. Control is a coarse gravel bar 1J^ miles below gage; clean and

fairly permanent. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 15.70 feet

at 4.30 p. m. March 16 (discharge, 3,590 second-feet); minimum discharge,

2 second-feet several times during October and December.

1922-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 18.60 feet July 13, 1922 (discharge,

4,500 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.52 foot July 9, f !922 (discharge,

1 second-foot). 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year; slightly affected

by ice during winter. Rating curve*fairly well defined above 12 second-feet.

Gage read to hundredths twice daily; readings rather unreliable after

June 1. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height 

 to rating table except as explained in footnote to table of daily discharge.

Records fair prior to June 1; poor thereafter,

Discharge measurements of North Fabius River at Monticetto, Mo., during the year 

ending September SO, 192S

Date

Oct. 18

Dec. 28

Feb. 21

Made by 

 . .do. ....... .......

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.77

tu

.96

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

5.3

10

' 9.1

Date

Mar. 30

Sept. 2

Made by 

E. L. Williams _ _ ..

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.66

1.35

1.00

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

95

48

18

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of North Fabius River at Monticetto, Mo., for the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Day

1 

2 ....... ....

3 

4... ... ..

5. ..........

6. ....... ...

7... ... __ .

8....... __ -

9. _ ..........

10. 

11 ..........

12

13 

14 

15 

16. .

17 __

18 . 

id

20 

21 .. ..

22 

23 

25 

26 

97

28 

29 

30 ..

31 ......

Oct.

4

3

2

2

3

8

13

4

3

3

2

15

16

13

4

3

3

4

4

3

3

3

5

2

8

8

6

4

3

2

7

Nov.

25

65

73

47

36

32

52

64

55

48

27

62

535

1,500

555

268

116

86

70

64

57

48

42

39

36

36

34

30

31

36

Dec.

37

32

29

34

30

23

21

15

12

10

9

8

7

4

4

4

4

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

8

22

22

26

Jan.

28

26

30

26

20

10

8

12

12

10

12

13

16

22

24

29

28

27

25

22

26

27

26

28

26

22

37

168

175

74

72

Feb.

76

69

29

22

17

17

16

14

12

7

8

12

10

6

5

6

7

7

7

10

10

10

12

12

16

24

44

40

Mar.

35

25

21

24

86

110

104

98

86

45

455

2,110

2,730

1,040

989

2,700

635

535

475

360

313

635

396

298

283

268

253

210

155

92

Apr.

62

55

59

57

51

46

42

46

42

46

42

42

40

36

32

28

28

31

26

22

27

24

27

33

38

44

48

44

40

36

May

32

27

22

17

13

10

16

21

28

38

45

343

435

328

298

268

162

49

33

26

22

17

13

16

17

15

15

13

30

28

17

June

15

11

8

10

18

75

92

64

36

48

44

39

34

30

35

25

24

20

16

14

61

224

196

92

July

* 

- 53

41

44

740

1,670

1,580

1,290

942

698

475

155

1,210

1,420

298

175

122

104

57

28

17

14

12

10

8

8

7

8

8

7

6

6

Aug.

4

4

3

142

110

283

196

142

122

116

98

73

51

37

29

Sept.

18

28

31

24

17

16

13

10

6

5

6

4

5

5

4

6

1,040

2,460

396

268

162

110

86

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 13^21 and Feb. 18-21; discharge ascertained by 

applying to rating table mean daily gage height corrected for ice effect by means of discharge measurements, 

observer's notes, and weather records,
138 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Monthly discharge of North Fdbius River at Monticello, Mo., for the year ending

September SO, 1928

[Drainage area, 452 square miles]

Month

December... _________________

February ______________ . ____

May .... ... .

July -. .............

August 1-15. . ________________

September 8-30. _ . ____ ... __ ........

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

16 

1,500 

37 

175 

, 76 

2,730 

62 

435 

1,670 

283 

2,460

Minimum

2 

25 

2 

8 

5 

21 

22 

10 

6 

3 

4

Mean

" 5.26 

139 

12.4 

34.9 

18.8 

516 

39.8 

77.9 

362 

94 

205

Per square 

mile

0.012 

.308 

.027 

.077 

.042 

1.14 

.088 

.172 

.801 

.208 

.464

Run-off 

in inches

0.01 

.34 

.03 

.09 

.04 

1.31 

.10 

.20 

.92 

.12 

.89

SALT RIVER NEAR NEW LONDON, HO.

LOCATION. In NE. M NW. M sec. 36, T. 56 N., R. 5 W., at highway bridge 

on Hannibal-New London road, 1J^ miles below Turkey Creek, and 2 miles 

north of New London, Rails County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,480 square miles (measured on topographic and United 

States soil survey maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 16, 1922, to September 30, 1923.

.GAGE. Chain gage bolted to handrail on upstream side of bridge; read by D. W. 

Lundberg and W. D. Webb.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading 1 mile below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and silt; clean and fairly permanent. Control is a clean gravel bar 200 feet below gage.

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 15.50 feet at 5 

p. m., March 12; minimum stage, 1.60 feet July 28, 29, August 2 and 3.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent. Gage read to hundredths 

. twice daily. Data insufficient for determination of daily discharge.

Discharge measurements of Salt River near New London, Mo., during the year 

ending September SO, 19%S

Date

Oct. 17

Dec. 28

Feb. 20

Made by 

 do ..

Gage 

height

Feet

1

QQ

1.89

2.07

Discharge

Sec.-ft, 

40

31

53

Date

Mar. 31

Sept. 1

Made by- Gage 

height '

Feet

a 63

2.38

2.14

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

264

165

83
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVER BASIN 139

Daily gage height, in feet, of Salt River near New London, Mo., for the year ending

September SO, 1923

Day

1... __ .......

2 .... .... 

3 ..... ...

4 ... ... ...

6 ...........

6... ........

7...... ........

8..--- . .

« - 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 . 

20 

21 

22.... ....

23. . ..

24 

25 

26..... ........ .

27 

28..............

29 

30 

31 ........ .

Oct.

1.96

. i OR

1.94

1.92

1.91

2.38

4 17

3.84

3.38

2.88

2.30

2.20

2.10

2.01

1.93

1.95

1.93

1.91

1.88

1.85

1.83

1.79

1.78

1.76

1.75

1 70

1.71

1.68

1.67

1.66

NOV.

1.79

9 (M

1.99

1.90

1.87

1.94

2.09

2.35

2.50

2.65

4 on

4.42

5.25

5.70

5.38

A. 79

3.96

3.02

9 fi9

2.54

2.47

2.41

2.37

2.30

2 99

2 17

2.14

2.10

Dec.

2.03

1 QO

1.96

1.91

1.89

1.87

1 84

1.81

1 80

1 OR

2.16

O OR

9 17

2.15

2.13

2.06

9 m

1.97

1.92

1.85

1 84

1.86.

1.87

1.84

1 ftA

1.87

1 ftfi

1.88

1.87

1 87

1.87

Jan.

1.88

1.86

1.85

1.84

1.82

1.82

1.82

1.87

1.91

1.93

1.93

1.91

1.88

1.89

1.92

1.95

1 Qo

1.98

1.97

1.95

1 96

2.03

2.03

2.01

2.02

2.04

1 QQ

1.95

1 QQ

i no

Feb.

1.96

1.97

1.99

2.04

2.09

2.13

2.13

2.09

2.07

2.03

1.99

1.99

2.03

2.05

2.09

2.12

2.10

2.09

2.07

9 ftft

1 OR

1.93

1.89

1.86

1.88

1.91

Mar.

1.83

1.86

1.86

1.96

1.95

2.10

2.17

2.71

2.84

2 71

2.60

13.53

13.86

9.28

8.25

12.25

10.75

6.65

5

QC

5.15

3.60

3.40

3.33

0 Ofi

3.24

QIC

2.95

2.87

2.66

9 V7

Apr.

2.45

2.40

2.32

4.90

3.92

3.30

2.85

2.72

2.62

2.57

2.46

2.41

2.35

2.12

2.27

2.29

2.27

2.19

2.36

3.48

3.12

2.77

2.87

2.93

2.75

9 31

May

2.45

2.51

2.44

2.37

2.26

9 1J3

919

2.10

2.11

2.47

2.36

2.56

2.80

2.59

2 47

2.28

2.14

2.36

2.98

June

2.89

2.73

2.50

2.43

2.34

2.40

2.32

2.37

2.42

2.40

3.30

3.95

3.80

3.30

3.03

2.58

2.15

1.92

July

2.90

2.85

2.75

6.92

2.50

2.80

2.48

911

2.46

2.45

2 28

2.16

2.09

2.00

1.93

1.90

1.86

1.82

1.60

1.65

1.71

1.73

Aug.

1.70

1.61

1.62

1.64

1.64

2.60

2.00

2.52

2.79

3.26

6.70

6.12

4.70

3.65

3.00

10.65

11.50

8.90

7.10

5.50

4.40

3.45

2.85

2.60

2.47

2.41

2.37

2.29

2.18

2.10

2.10

Sept.

2.10

2.14

2.14

2.07

2.11

2 nd

2.50

2 25

2.45

2.78

2.46

2.18

2 21

2.11

2.11

2.03

i on

2 27

2.17

2.36

2.34

2.26

2.15

1.99

1.98

1.98

2.05

2.27

2.13

2.35

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 10-20 and Feb. 4-10. 

CUIVRE RIVER NEAR TROY, MO.

LOCATION. In SW. ]4, sec. 18, T. 49 N., R. 1 E., at Frenchman Bluff highway 

bridge, 1J^ miles above Sugar Creek, 3 miles northeast of Troy, Lincoln 

County, and 4 miles below West Fork.

DRAINAGE AREA. 908 squajre miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 15, 1922, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage bolted to handrail on upstream side of bridge; read by C. D. 

Barrett and Hester Kolb.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of highway bridge 

or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of silt, sand, and gravel; clean except 

for drift. Left bank high and rocky; right bank wooded; subject to overflow at extreme high stages. Control is a coarse gravel bar 300 feet below 

gage; clean except for brush growing on exposed part; fairly permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE, Maximum stage recorded during year, 22.46 feet at 

noon March 12 (discharge, 22,600 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.20 feet 

at 5 p. m. December 6 (discharge, 5 second-feet).

1922-23: Maximum stage recorded, 23.90 feet March 14, 1922 (discharge, 

24,900 second-feet); minimum stage that of December 6, 1922.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year; slightly affected 

by ice. Rating curve well defined between 25 and 18,000 second-feet and 

extended beyond these limits. Gage read to hundredths once daily. Daily 

discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table except 

as noted in footnote to table of daily discharge. Records good.
140 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Discharge measurements of Cuivre River near Troy, Mo,, during the year ending

September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 16

Dec. 27

Feb. 20

Made by 

 do 

Gage 

height

Feet

1.97

1.92

2.34

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

29

26

63

Date

Aug. 31

Made by SR

Feet 

3.17

2.13

Discharge

Sec.Jt. 

217

47

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cuivre River near Troy, Mo., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

Day

1 .....

2 ........ ...

3 

4__ ............

5. ............ .

6.. ............

7... . ..........

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14. __ ..... _ .

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20. -.

21 

22. 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 -

29 -

30 

31.- .- .

Oct..

7

6

6

6

6

5,340

3,660

1,090

653

177

85

64

46

42

40

33

32

21

20

18

16

16

15

14

13

13

12

11

11

10

10

Nov.

395

1,040

395

249

139

463

223

177

88

62

51

157

249

945

249

157

139

121

100

74

62

52

48

46

44

42

37

26

25

24

Dec.

21

12

9

7

6

2,820

QKK

499

177

148

88

62

52

42

26

25

23

32

27

26

25

25

26

27

24

00

22

46

Jan.

50

4ft

Q7

74

74

48

44

40

07

33

32

30

30

69

499

348

333

191

91

85

67

54

48

44

33

Q7

OK

35

00

33

46

Feb.

121

363

177

157

121

82

74

62

52

37

29

23

1,090

773

275

232

189

146

103

60

52

46

44

46

38

11

EA

52

Mar.

58

48

60

139

499

945

1,490

693

395

303

613

22,000

4 74ft

1,190

3,140

6,300

1,720

980

613

463

412

363

289

249

236

1QQ

167

157

1QQ

114

Apr.

107

80

107

74

2,260

1,340

693

275

223

177

157

613

613

318

249

199

157

139

177

157

412

773

363

94Q

911

177

1 K7

121

May

114

107

97

82

80

77

74

72

62

58

56

855

249

<68

114

103

85

97

223

148

103

82

72

64

62

62

110

72

85

100

June

64

463

72

62

54

48

52

40

26

37

148

535

199

88

535

429

188

110

77

56

44

38

33

167

148

107

o nfift

900

379

199

July

114

82

613

188

613

333

148

85

64

49

42

262

103

56

60

44

91

52

33

25

21

19

16

14

11

10

12

11

12

11

10

Aug.

10

11

10

199

199

14,400

945

395

463

499

855

395

177

945

6,900

18,000

14,600

945

463

303

211

139

139

121

94

ss

80

62

56

52

50

Sept.-

56

52

67

88

733

2,660

1,240

463

223

139

103

77

67

58

52

46

38

50

52

77

80

54

46

44

32

37

33

32

30

318

NOTE. Discharge estimated Dec. 13-15 on account of ice, and Feb. 16-19 on account of no gage readings.

Monthly discharge of Cuivre River near Troy, Mo., for the year ending September

30, 1923 

[Drainage area, 908 square miles]

Month

November ___________________ .

February 

March ...................... ...... ...........

 April 

May.... ... .. ...................

June __ ... .................................

July... ... ...... ..... .... ....... ....

September _ . ..............................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

5,340 

1,040 

2,820 

499 

1,090 

22,000 

2,260 

855 

3,060 

613 

18,000 

2,660

22,000

Minimum

6 

24 

5 

30 

23 

48 

74 

56 

26 

10 

10 

30

5

Mean

371 

196 

208 

85.4 

162 

1,580 

370 

121 

279 

103 

1,990 

235

475

Per square 

mile

0.409 

.216 

.229 

.094 

.178 

1.74 

.407 

.133 

.307 

.'113 

2.19 

.259

.523

Run-off 

in inches

0.47 

.24 

.26 

.11 

.19 

2.01 

.45 

.15 

.34 

.13 

2.52 

.29

7.16
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVER BASIN 141

DBS P1AINES RIVER AT 1EMONT, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 20, T. 37 N., R. 11 E., at concrete highway bridge at Stephens 

Street, a quarter of a mile north of main section of Lemont, Cook County, 

and 8 miles above junction of Des Plaines River and the Chicago Drainage 

Canal.

DRAINAGE AREA. 705 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 4, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Staff gage attached to bridge; read by William Week, jr.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS.: Made from downstream side of bridge and by 

wading below dam.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Concrete dam 500 feet below gage; permanent except 

for slight repairs in August, 1920.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year,. 5.78 feet 

August 13 (discharge, 3,750 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.50 feet at various 

times (discharge, 6 second-feet).

1915-1923: Maximum open-water stage recorded, 6.5 feet March 18, 1919 

(discharge, 5,520 second-feet); minimum discharge, no flow, occurred September 7, 8, 14-21, and 24-27, 1919, and July 25-31, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not seriously affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. During extreme high water part of flow spills over into the Chicago 

Drainage Canal at Willow Springs 7 miles above the station. Records of this 

overflow furnished by the Sanitary District of Chicago, for the years 1915 to 

1919 were published in Water-Supply Paper 505. An estimate of the overflow during the years 1920 to 1923 has been made from gage heights at 

Lemont, assuming that the relation between such gage heights and amount 

of overflow was the same as in 1918 and 1919, and is given below:

Overflow from Des Plaines River into Chicago Drainage Canal at Willow

Springs, III.

Date

1920 

Mar. 12.... ........................

13............................

14............................

15 ____ . _____ . ___ ....

16. _ . _

17............................

18.... .....................

25............................

26 

27..... ...................... .

28.. ..........................

29............................

30.. ..........................

31..... ....................

Apr. 1.. _____ .... _____ ..

1921 

Apr. 25............................

26........ ....................

Overflow

Sec.-ft. 

740

480

1,060

280

480

150

25

50

2,650

3,100

2,240

2,240

740

480

50

50

50

Date

1921 

Apr. 27. ...... ___. 

28 

29 

30 

Dec. 18 

19 

20 

1922

Apr. 1 

2 . ___ .......

S..... .......... .............

11 

12 

13 

1923 

Aug. 13 

14............................

Overflow

Sec.-ft. 

50

150

150

50

480

1,440

480

150

280

150

740

150

50

1,840

1,440

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined 

between 50 and 5,500 second-feet; fairly well defined below 50 second-feet. 

Gage read to quarter-tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying daily gage height to rating table except as explained in footnote to 

table of daily discharge. Records good for medium and high stages, fair 

for low stages.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.
142 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Plaines River at Lemont, III., for the year

ending September SO,

Day

1

2 

3.... 

4

5 . .

6 

7 .... ....

8 

9 

10 

II .

12.. ..

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 ..

22

23 

24 

25 

26 

27... -.

28..............

29.... -.. .

30. 

31..... .....

Oct.

10

6

12

18

18

31

48

68

68

93

108

93

60

48

37

31

31

25

18

18

6

6

6

31

40

48

48

31

31

25

18

Nov.

18

25

31

31

18

6

18

18

31

31

31

48

68

68

83

83

93

108

93

93

78

68

68

68

68

60

48

48

37

37

Dec.

60

68

68

60

60

48

48

48

48

68

03

03

93

93

93

93

93

80

68

76

83

88

93

93

93

93

76

60

64

68

31

Jan.

31

31

31

34

37

37

37

37

37

42

48

48

48

42

37

42

48

48

48

42

37

42

48

40

31

46

60

60

60

60

60

Feb.

fU

68

64

60

54

48

48

48

40

31

40

48

48

48

42

36

30

25

25

25

28

31

28

25

28

31

31

31

Mar.

63

93

106

120

150

212

280

245

180

138

315

580

620

620

620

745

880

1,300

1,480

1,600

1,780

2,040

2,310

2,310

2,170

1,910

1,660

1,300

1,190

1 140

880

Apr.

790

660

620

620

620

580

540

700

835

880

880

835

790

790

790

620

580

540

540

500

460

422

385

315

245

232

180

150

68

May

68

78

93

93

93

78

68

68

68

68

68

93

120

120

150

245

540

700

580

422

245

212

212

150

150

132

120

108

93

93

93

June

31

31

25

6

6

31

93

120

245

180

120

93

93

93

78

68

48

31

25

18

6

6

25

18

6

25

31

48

68

48

July

48

48

37

25

18

18

18

6

6

18

18

25

31

31

31

48

48

37

25

6

6

18

31

68

120

120

108

93

78

31

25

Aug.

18

18

6

6

18

31

31

93

68

245

880

2,310

3,750

3,540

2,310

1,780

745

580

540

422

350

245

212

120

150

245

980

620

540

500

422

Sept.

385

350

245

180

212

315

385

371

350

315

315

245

350

385

385

245

212

212

168

120

385

500

620

790

790

700

620

540

500

422

NOTE. Gage read every other day Dec. 18 to Mar. 3; discharge interpolated for days when gage was 

not read. Discharge estimated from observer's notes and weather records Dec. 13-17, Jan. 9 and 10, Feb. 

14-16 on account of gage readings being taken to top of ice.

Monthly discharge of Des Plaines River at Lemont, III., for the year ending September 80, 1928 

[Drainage toea, 705 square miles]

Month

May _ 

July... .......................

The year.. . _

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

108 

108 

93 

60 

68 

2,310 

880 

700 

245 

120 

3,750 

790

3,750

Minimum

6 

6 

31 

31 

25 

63 

68 

68 

6 

6 

6 

120

6

Mean

36.5

52.5 

74.0 

43.5 

40.2 

936 

544 

175 

57.2 

40.0 

702 

387

259

Per square 

mile

0.052

.074 

.105 

.062 

.057 

1.33 

.772 

.248 

.081 

.057 

.996 

.549

.367

Run-off 

in inches

0.06 

.08 

.12 

.07 

.06 

1.53 

.86 

.29 

.09 

.07 

1.15 

.61

4.99

NOTE. See paragraph on "Diversions."

DES PLAOTES RIVER AT JOIIET, ILL.

LOCATION. In NE. M sec. 9, T. 35 N., R. 10 E., at Jackson Street Bridge, 

Joliet, Will County, 1,200 feet upstream from Cass Street Bridge.

DBAINAGE ABEA. Indeterminate.

RECOBDS AVAILABLE. December 3, 1914, to September 30, 1923, on original 

chain gage September 5 to December 19, 1914.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 143

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder installed December 3, 1914. 

Chain gage attached to upstream side of bridge at Cass Street read from 

September 5 to December 19, 1914.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of Cass Street Bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel excavated in solid rock, with a concrete wall 

on either side; permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge during days of 

record for the year 10,800 second-feet August 14, minimum mean daily discharge 6,560 second-feet, May 6.

1914-1923: Maximum mean daily discharge during days of record, 18,400 

second-feet, March 18, 1919; minimum mean daily discharge, 5,420 secondfeet, April 25, 1915.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Flow past gage is largely regulated by operation of power plant 

of Chicago Sanitary District at Lockport, which utilizes flow of Chicago 

Drainage Canal and, to a lesser extent, by operation of Economy Light & 

Power Co.'s plant, 100 feet above gage.

DIVERSIONS. Water is diverted to Illinois and Michigan Canal at Dam No. 1 

100 feet above gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating [curve well defined. 

Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory except as explained in the 

footnote to table of daily discharge. Daily discharge ascertained by use of 

discharge integrator. Records excellent, except for a few short periods when 

recording gage was not operating, for which they are fair.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Des Plaines River at Joliet, III., for the year 

ending September SO, 192S

Day

1... ........

2..............

3 ....

4.. ......... ...

5...... ........

6 ..

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.... __ .....

12. ..........

13 

14 ..........

15.. ........ .

16. .. 

17 ..........

18 

19 .........

20 

21.... ..........

22 ..........

23 

24 .

25 

26 . ...... ...

27..... .........

28 

29 

30...... ....

31...... .

Oct.

8,240

9,230

8,920

8,880

8,940

8,830

8,300

8,780

9,560

9,790

9,390

9,490

9,160

8,560

8,200

9,080

8,850

8,460

8,140

8,880

8,610

7,680

8,930

8,520

8,230

8,260

8,580

8,390

7,320

8,740

8,710

Nov.

8,840

9,250

8,790

8,760

7,570

8,730

9,100

8,740

8,520

8,740

8,360

7,410

9,250

1-9,000

<>8,750

"8,500

8,500

8,630

7,440

8,520

9,520

8,540

8,360

8,630

8,580

7,280

8,500

"8,500

1-8,500

&8,500

Dec.

"8,400

"8,260

7,050

8,530

8,320

"8,400

" 8,400

"8,500

9,100

7,200

8,160

"7,990

8,250

"8, 500

"8,250

"7,500

"7,500

"8, 250

"8,500

"8,500

"8,200

"8,000

"7,500

Jan.

"7,500

"8,500

"8,500

"8,500

"8,500

"8,500

"7,500

"8,500

"8,600

8,620

8,260

8,260

8,150

7,430

8,140

8,060

7,980

7,830

7,920

7,910

7,200

8,080

8,220

8,090

8,470

8,410

7,600

7,260

8 isn

7,950

8,360

Feb.

8,020

8,320

7,840

7,460

8,740

8,430

7,880

7,880

7,820

7,780

6,840

7,700

7,880

7,540

"7,500

1-7,500

"7,800

6,770

7,940

7,700

7,830

7,710

7,900

7,850

7,020

8,720

8,100

8,320

Mar.

7,790

7,920

7,840

6,980

8,060

8,640

8,120

8,390

8,220

7,440

6,840

7,820

10,000

"9,600

1-9,000

'9,000

 9,000

8,720

9,680

8,440

8,150

9,110

9,420

9,300

9,180

10,600

9,860

9,680

8,890

8,850

9,320

Apr.

7,620

8,320

8,950

9,020

9,170

8,920

8,900

8,140

9,620

9,310

9,560

9,160

9,150

8,720

8,750

"8,600

8,400

7,020

8,900

8,680

8,670

8,460

7,720

6,660

8,130

May

8,560

8,380

8,300

8,410

7,920

6,560

8,330

8,640

8,500

8,390

8,750

7,800

6,610

8,470

8,580

9,930

8,980

8,600

8,390

7,560

6,630

8,720

8,860

C QAfk

"8,820

"8,500

7,900

8,520

8,880

7,660

8,380

June

8,360

7,540

7,320

8,550

8,770

8,820

8,920

"8,580

7,760

7,450

8,520

8,630

8,590

8,430

8,350

"8,500

8,250

"8,200

7,940

7

Q7A

8,280

8,770

8,520

"8, 250

7,700

July

7,360

 8,410

[8,250

"8,400

"8,400

U,250

"8,400

8,340

8,150

7,500

8,520

8,570

8,740

8,460

8,780

7,380

7,460

8,510

8,160

8,550

8,580

8,480

7,650

7,520

8,570

8,280

Aug.

8,060

8,150

8,090

7,850

7,980

8,380

8,550

8,440

9,000

7,160

9,560

10,400

10,500

10,800

10,300

9,440

9,380

8,780

8,670

7,500

8,670

8,380

8,640

8,530

8,040

7,940

8,680

8,900

"8,700

8,620

8,840

Sept.

8,750

8,640

8,330

9,040

<-8,950

1-8,900

"8,800

8,800

8,760

9,350

9,120

"8,900

8,760

8,440

8,740

8,520

8,660

8,100

8,110

8,740

9,180

8,450

8,710

9,240

9,160

8,900

8,730

'8,750

"9,000

8,560

" Discharge partly estimated because of incomplete gage record. b No record, discharge estimated. 

NOTE. Daily discharge in the above table does not include the flow in the Illinois and Michigan Canal 

(see "Diversions" in the station description). Braced figures give estimated mean discharge for period 

indicated.
144 SURFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Des Plaines River at Joliet, III., for the year 

ending September 80, 1923

Month

October.,. ........

December. ...........

January _____ .. .

February... .........

April. ............ .

Maximum

9,790

9,520

8,740

10,600

9,620

Minimum

7,320

7,280

7,200

6,770 fi o&n

6,660

Mean

8,700

8,640

8,170

8,100

7,810

D 7ftA

8,600

Month

July ............. ..

Maximum

9,930

10,800

9,350

10,800

Minimum

6,560

7,320

7,160

8,100

6,560

Mean

8,300

8,260

* 8,220

8,740

8,770

8,410

ILLINOIS RIVER AT MORRIS, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 9, T. 33 N., R. 7 E. third principal meridian, at highway 

bridge in Morris, Grundy County, 7 miles below station formerly maintained near Minooka and 10 miles below mouth of Kankakee River.

DRAINAGE AREA. Indeterminate.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 1, 1919, to September 30, 1923; January 1, 1903, 

to December 13, 1904, for the station near Minooka. Present gage established by United States Weather Bureau on March 1, 1916; staff gage at 

apparently same datum was read by United States Engineer Corps December 10, 1899, to November 30, 1900, and April 20, 1903, to December 11, 

1904.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge, read by employee of United States 

Weather Bureau.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and gravel. Right bank high; 

left bank overflowed at extremely high stages. Control probably a few 

miles below gage.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 12.8 feet 

March 17 (discharge, 26,600 second-feet); minimum stage, 5.7 feet February 12 (discharge, 8,600 second-feet).

1919-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 20.1 feet April 12, 1922 (discharge 

60,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 5.2 feet August 9, 1920 (discharge, 

7,600 second-feet).

A discharge of 67,800 second-feet occurred at 8 a. m. March 26, 1904, 

at station near Minooka.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. The flow at this station includes the flow from the Chicago 

Drainage Canal. Operation of power plants at Lockport and Joliet above 

gage causes a considerable diurnal fluctuation at low and medium stages.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. Rating curve well 

defined between 8,000 and 50,000 second-feet, fairly well defined beyond 

these limits. Gage read to tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying daily gage height to rating table. Records good for medium 

and high stages, fair for low stages.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by United States Weather Bureau.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.
UPPEK MISSISSIPPI BIVER BASIN 145

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Illinois River at Morris, Itt., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

Day

I...... .....

2... ..... ......

3... .......... .

^... ...........

5..............

6..... ........ .

7.. ........... .

8.. .......... ..

9.... ......... .

10 

11.... ...... 

12.... . ...

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

Oct.

10,100

9 fidn

10,300

10,300

10,500

10,500

10,300

10,100

9,640

10,300

11,400

11 000

11^200

10,800

11,400

9,860

10,800

n ftnn

10,500

9,860

11,000

11,000

9,860

9,860

9,860

10,100

10,300

10,500

8,800

10,300

Nov.

10,500

10,800

11,000

10,500

11,200

9,640

10,100

11,000

10, 100

10,500

10,500

10,800

8,800

It Af)f\

10,800

10,800

10,800

10,800

11,200

9,640

10,500

11,000

10,800

10,800

10,800

10,800

9 420

10^500

10,500

10,800

Dec.

9,420

10,100

10,300

9,200

10,300

10,100

10,300

10,500

10,500

10,800

9,420

10,300

9,640

9,860

10,100

10,100

10,100

in sfln

9,860

9,860

10,100

9,200

9,640

9,640

10,100

9,200

9,420

9,640

10,100

10,100

9 9.nn

Jan.

9,430

8,800

9,860

9,860

9,860

9,640

10,300

9,200

9,860

9,860

9,640

9,640

9,640

a sfin

9 fi4n

9,420

9,200

9,420

9,860

9,860

10, 100

9,000

9 9.nn

9,640

9,420

9,640

9 <un

10,100

8,800

9,640

9,640

Feb.

10,100

9

Q£A

9,500

9,420

9,200

9,200

9,860

8,600

9,200

9,300

9,200

11,000

in snn

Mar.

10,800

10,800

11,200

13,600

11,000

12,200

12,200

U inn

11,400

11,200

10,800

11,000

22,000

OA QftA

19,800

24,900

26,600

25,500

24,900

23,600

22,200

20,600

9n inn

19,800

19,300

18,200

18,500

17, aW

16,100

15,400

14,800

Apr.

14,400 19 onn

13,100

13,800

13,600

13,600

13,600

14,100

13,400

15,100

14,400

14,100

13,600

13,100

12,600

11,700

12,600

11,200

11,900

11,700

n /tnn

11,700

10,500

11,400

11,400

11,200

11,200

11,200

10,500

9,200

May

10,500

10,800

10,500

10,500

10,300

10,500

8,800

10,500

10,500

10,300

10,100

11,200

9,860

11,400

14,100

20,600

24,400

23,300

22,500

21,200

19,300

18,200

16,700

15,600

14,600

13,800

13,600

15,100

15,100

15,400

14,800

June

14, 100

 jo Ann

12,900

11,700

11,700

11,900

14,800

18,200

14,800

12,600

11,700

11,900

11,700

n inn

11 200

11,200

9,860

10,100

10,500

10,500

10,300

10,300

10,100

9,640

9,200

10,100

10,100

10,100

9,640

9,640

July

9,420

9 9/lft

9,860

10,100

9,420

9,640

9,860

9,640

9,420

9,860

10,300

10,100

10,500

9,860

9,860

9,200

9,860

9,860

9,860

9,860

9,860

9,420

9,200

9,860

9,200

9,420

9,860

9,860

9,420

9,200

9,640

Aug.

9,420

9,200

10,100

9,860

9,420

9,640

9,640

11,400

11,000

11,700

9,860

12,600

12,600

13,600

13,400

12,600

11,400

11,700

11,000

10,300

10,300

10,100

9,860

9,860

9,860

9,640

9 IWI

9,640

9,860

10,100 ia 300

Sept.

10,500

lliOOO

11,200

11,400

11,900

12,400

12,600

12,200

11,900

11,900

11,700

11,700

11,400

11,000

10,500

11,200

10,500

10,500

10,100

10,100

10,500

11,000

10,500

11,000

11,200

11,400

11,200

10,800

10,800

11,400

NOTE. Discharge estimated on account of ice Feb. 4-7 and 15-25, from records of Des Plaines Eiver 

at Joliet and Kankakee River at Ouster Park.

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Illinois River at Morris, III., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Month Maximum

11,400

11,400

10,800

10,300

15,100

Minimum

8,800

8,800

9,200

8,800

8,600 IA firm

9,200

Mean

10,400

10,600

9,910

9,600

9,500

17,000

12,500

Month

July.-- 

Maximum

24,400

18,200

10,300

13,600

12,600

26,600

Minimum

8,800

9,200

9,200

9,000

10,100

8,600

Mean

14,300

11,500

9,700

10,600

11,200

11,400

ILLINOIS RIVER AT PEORIA, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 2, T. 8 N., R. 8 E., at foot of Grant Street, Peoria, Peoria

County, 3^ miles above station formerly maintained at Peoria & Pekin

Union Railroad bridge and 4J^ miles above mouth of Kickapoo Creek. 

DRAINAGE AREA. Indeterminate. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 8, 1910, to September 30, 1923; also March 10,

1903, to July 21, 1906, for station at Peoria & Pekin Union Railroad bridge. 

GAGE. Vertical staff gage attached to wooden pile; read by employee of United

States Engineer Corps. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of Lower Free

Bridge, 2 miles below gage. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of river, which forms control for medium and high

stages, composed of mud; may shift. Dam at Copperas Creek probably

forms control for lowest stages; permanent.
146 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

EXTBEMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 17.4 feet 

March 26 and 28 (discharge, 26,700 second-feet); minimum stage, 9.60 

feet August 6 (discharge, 9,440 second-feet.

1903-1906: Maximum discharge recorded, 57,600 second-feet March 28 

and 29, 1904; minimum discharge recorded, 6,170 second-feet July 18, 

19, and 20, 1906.

1910-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 24.80 feet April 15-17, 1922 (discharge, 56,700 second-feet); minimum discharge somewhat less than 7,250 

second-feet occurred during period December 11, 1916, to January 10,1917. 

The highest known flood occurred in 1844, when a stage of about 26.6 

feet on the present gage was reached.

REGULATION. The flow at this station includes the water diverted from Lake 

Michigan through the Chicago Drainage Canal. No diurnal fluctuation is 

noticeable.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent during year, except 

as affected by ice. Rating curve well denned between 9,000 and 25,000 

second-feet. Gage read to half-tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table. Open-water records 

good; winter records fair.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by United States Engineer Corps.

Discharge measurements of Illinois River at Peoria, III., during the year ending

September SO, 192S 

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Oct. 17 _____________________ ____ , ____ . ___________

Apr. 25 _______________________________________________

Gage 

height

Feet 

10.35

13.65

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

« 10, 400

17,100

» Measurement made at Havana, 43 miles below gage, on Oct. 19; assumed 40 hours time interval and 

100 second-feet inflow between stations.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Illinois River at Peoria, III., for the year ending

September SO, 192S

Day

1... ...........

2 _ .... .......

3 ...........

4..............

5..............

6..... ......

7.. ............

8. ..........

9 ...........

10..............

11. __ ...

12.............

13..............

14........... .

15..............

16..........

17..............

18.... __ ..

19.............

20..... ....

21..............

22.........

23...........

24 _ .

25..............

26..........

27.............

28..............

29..........

30...........

.31..............

Oct.

10,200

10,000

10,000

10,000

10,000

10,000

10,300

10,300

10,300

10,300

10,300

10,300

10,000

10,000

10, 300

10,400

10,600

10,600

10,400

10, 600

10,400

10,300

10,600

10,300

10,400

10,600

in 4nn

10,400

10,300

10,400

10,300

Nov.

10,300

10,200

10,400

10,400

10,300

10,300

10,300

10,600

10,600

10,300

10,300

10,800

10,900

10,900

10,900

10,900

10,800

10,900

10,900

11,200

11,000

10,900

10,900

11,200

11,200

10,900

11,000

10,400

10,400

Dec.

10,800

10,900

10,800

10,900

10,900

10,900

in oon

10,900

11,000

10,900

10,400

10,800

10,800

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

Jan.

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600 in dof\

10,300

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10 400 in dm\

10,400

10,600

10,600

10 600

10 600

10 ' 600

Feb.

10,600

10,800

10,900

10,600

10,600

10,400

10 400

10,600

10,600

10 800

10,800 in onn

10 ' 900

10,900

11,500

11,600

Mar.

11,800

12,100

12,300

12,500

19 ?nn

12,900

12,900

12,900

12,500

19 onn

13,100

15,500

16,300

17 800

19,000

19,800

21,800

23,100

23,400

94. 3flfl

24,900

25,500

26,100

25,500

26,700

26,100

26,700

25,500

24 ' 600

Apr.

22,500

21,800

22,000

22,000

21,000

20,000

20,500

20,000 IQ Ann

19,500

1Q Sftn

19,800

19,800

19,000 10 am

18,000

17,500

17,000

17,000

17,500

17 nnn

16,500

16,300

16,100

15,900

15,700

15,300

May

14,900

14,500

14,500

14,500

14,100

13,700

13,100

12,900

13,100

12,500

12,500 10 7nn

12,900

12,700

12,500

13,100

13,300

13,900

15,100

15,900

17,000

17,500

18,000

18,000

18,000

17,500

17,500

17,500

17,200

17,200

17,200

June

17,000

16,800

16,300

16,100

15,900

15,700

15,300

15,500

15,500

15,700

15,700

15,300

14,900

14,700

14,500

14,500

13,900

13,700

13,300

13,300

13,100

12,900

12,900

12,500

12,100

12,100

12,100

12,500

12,000

11,800

July

11,600

11,600

11,200

11,200

11,200

11,000

11,000

11,200

10,900

10,800

10,800

10,800

10,800

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,400

10,300

10,300

10,200

10,200

10,000

10,000

10,000

10,000

9,860

9,720

9,860

9,720

9,720

9,720

Aug.

9,720

9,720

9,720

9,580

9,720

9,440

9,580

9,720

9,720

9,860

10,000

9,720

10,300

10,200

10,600

10,600

10,900

10,900

10,900

10,900

10,300

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,400

10,300

10,300

10,300

10,300

Sept.

9,860

10,200

10,400

10.600

10,600

10,600

10,800

10,900

11,000

11,200

11,200

11,200

11,400

11,400

11,200

11,200

11,200

11,000

11,000

10,900

11,400

11,200

11,200

11,200

11,000

11,200

11,200

11,400

11,600

11,500

NOTE. Discharge estimated on account of ice Dec. 18 to Jan. 12 and Feb. 14-25, from records of flow of 

Illinois River at Morris.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVEE BASIN 147

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Illinois River at Peoria, III., for the year

ending September SO, 1928

Month

January ..............

April.......... .......

Maximum

10,600

11,200

Oft *7rtA

22,500

Minimum

10,000

10,200

11 800

15,300

Mean

10,300

10,700

10,700

10,600

10,900

19,000

18,900

Month

July.. ...............

Maximum

18,000

17,000

11,600

10,900

11,600

26,700

Minimum

12,500

11,800

9,720

9,440

9,860

9,440

Mean

15,000

14,300

10,500

10,200

11,000

12,700

ILLINOIS RIVER AT HAVANA, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 1, T. 21 N., R. 9 W., at highway bridge in Havana, Mason

County, half a mile below mouth of Spoon River. 

DRAINAGE AREA. Prior to January 17,1900, 17,200 square miles; since that date

increased by diversion from St. Lawrence River basin through the Chicago

Drainage Canal. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 1, 1921, to September 30, 1923. Gage readings

October, 1878, to May, 1881; January, 1896, to December, 1904, published

in House Document 263, Fifty-ninth Congress; gage readings since December, 1904, in files of United States Engineer Corps. 

GAGE. Vertical staff gage attached to pile 30 feet downstream from draw pier

of bridge; read by employee of United States Engineer Corps. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel sandy and somewhat shifting. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 14.3 feet

March 27-29 (discharge, 29,300 second-feet); minimum stage, 7.3 feet

August 2-5 (discharge, 9,880 second-feet).

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 22.4 feet April 20, 1922 (discharge,

65,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 7.2 feet August 31 to September 10,

1922 (discharge, 9,720 second-feet).

Maximum stage recorded since 1844, that of April 20, 1922. 

REGULATION. Flow at this station includes the flow of the Chicago Drainage

Canal. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent during year except

as affected by ice. Rating curve well defined above and extended below

10,000 second-feet. Gage read to tenths once daily. Daily discharge

determined by applying daily gage height to rating table. Open-water

records good; winter records fair. 

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by United States Engineer Corps.

The following discharge measurement was made by H. E. Grosbach: 

October 19, 1922: Gage height, 7.67 feet; discharge, 10,500 second-feet.
148 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Illinois River at Havana, III., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

Day

1 ... .... .

2-... __ . ___

4... ........

5.. ....... ..

6- . . .

7 .........

8. . ...

9. ..........

10... ........

11.--.... . ...

12 

13.. ____ . ....

14..............

15 

16...... ........

17 .

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 .

26. 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31......... _ ..

Oct.

10,400

10,200

10,200

10,200

10,200

10,200

10,600

10,400

10,400

10,200

10,200

10,200

10,200

10,200

10,200

10,400

10,400

10,400

10,400

10,600

10,600

10,700

10,700

10,700

10,700

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

Nov.

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

11,100

11,700

12,100

11,900

11,900

11,700

11,100

11,100

11,100

11,300

11,300

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

Dec.

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,300

10,900

Jan.

11,000

11,100

11,100

11,100

11,100 in Qno

10,900

10,900

io,)oo

10,700

10,700

10,700

10,700

10,700

'10,700

10,700

10,900

11,100

11,300

Feb.

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,300

12,500

12,300

Mar.

12,500

12,800

12,800

13,000

13,200

13,200

13,500

13,700

13,700

13,700

14,200

16,400

19,600

20,800

21,400

22,700

23,900

24,900

25,200

26,200

26,900

27,600

28,000

28,300

28,600

29,000

29,300

29,300

29,300

29,000

28,300

Apr.

27,600

26,600

25,900

25,600

25,200

24,600

23,900

23,600

23,300

23,000

25,700

22,700

22,300

22,000

21,700

21,400

21,400

20,800

20,500

19,900

19,600

19,600

19,300

19,300

19,000

18,700

18,400

18,100

17,500

May

17,200

16,900

16,400

16,100

15,800

15,600

15, 300

15,000

14,700

14,200

14,200

17.200

16,400

16,100

15,800

15,800

15,800

15,800

16,600

17,500

18,100

18,400

19,000

19,900

19,900

19,900

19,900

20,200

20,200

20,500

20,200

June

19,900

19,900

19,600

19,300

18,700

18,400

19,000

18,700

18,100

17,800

17,500

17,500

17,200

16,600

16,100

15,800

15,600

15,300

15,300

15,000

15,000

14,700

14,500

14,200

14,000

14,000

14,000

14,000

14,000

13,700

July

13,700

13,500

13,000

12,800

12,500

12,300

12,100

12,100

11,900

11,900

11,700

11,700

11,700

11,700

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,300

11,100

10,900

10,700

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,400

10,200

10,200

10,000

10,000

10,000

Aug.

10,000

9,880

9,880

9,880

9,880

10,000

10,000

10,400

10,600

10,600

10,700

10,700

10,700

10,700

10,700

10,900

10,900

11,100

11,100

11,300

11,300

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,300

10,400

10,200

10,600

10,200

10,000

Sept.

10,000

10,600

10, 600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,700

10,700

10,900

11,300

11,300

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,300

11,300

11,300

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

11,500

12,100

12,300

12,500

.......

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 18 to Jan. 13 and Feb. 17-25; discharge estimated 

by comparison with records of flow of Illinois River at Morris.

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Illinois River at Havana, III., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Month

December ___ .. ...

February ___ __ ..

April 

Maximum

10,700

12,100

90 tftn

27,600

Minimum

10,200

10,600

10,700

10 cnrk

17 <yifk

Mean

10,400

11,200

11,200

10,900

11,400-,

21 300

22^000

Month

July.-.. .. 

Maximum

20,500

19,900

13,700

11,500

12,500

29,300

Minimum

14,200

13,700

10,000

9,880

10,000

9 s»n

Mean

17,200

16,400

11,400

10,600

11,300

13,800

IL1INOIS RIVER AT BEARDSTOWN, HI.

LOCATION. In sec. 15, T. 18 N., R. 12 W., at highway bridge on State Street, 

Beardstown, Cass County, 9^ miles below mouth of Sangamon River.

DRAINAGE AREA. Prior to January 17, 1900, 23,445 square miles; since that 

date the natural run-off increased by diversion from St. Lawrence River 

basin through the Chicago Drainage Canal.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 1, 1920, to September 30, 1923. Gage read 

October 28, 1878, to May 30, 1881; November 9, 1881, to June 26, 1884; 

January 5, 1885, to June 30, 1891; by employees of United States Engineer 

Corps; July 1, 1891, to September 30, 1923, by employees of United States 

Weather Bureau; gage-height records, 1878 to 1904, published in House 

Document 263, Fifty-ninth Congress, since 1904 in annual reports of United 

States Weather Bureau.

GAGE. Vertical staff gage attached to pile on inside of cribbing 40 feet above 

center span of bridge; read by employee of United States Weather Bureau.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge.
TIPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 149

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and mud. Control at low

and medium stages formed by La Grange Dam, about 11 miles downstream;

probably permanent. The stage at Beardstown is slightly affected in

Occasional seasons of high water in the Mississippi by backwater from the

latter stream and occasionally by backwater from Crooked Creek, which

enters 5 miles below Beardstown. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage, recorded during year, 15.4 feet

March 28 (discharge, 38,300 second-feet); minimum stage, 7.7 feet December

19-22, (discharge, 9,620 second-feet).

1920-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 25.1 feet April 20, 1922 (discharge,

109,000 second-feet); minimum discharge, that of December 19-22, 1922. 

Maximum stage subsequent to 1844, that of April 20,1922; on April 4, 1904,

discharge was determined by United States Engineer Corps as 115,000

second-feet (gage height, 20.0 feet). 

REGULATION. The flow at this station includes the flow of the Chicago Drainage

Canal. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined

between 10,000 and 36,000 second-feet. Gage read to tenths once daily.

Daily discharge determined by applying daily gage height to rating table.

Records good. 

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by United States Weather Bureau.

Discharge measurements of Illinois River at Beardstown, III., during the year ending

September 80, 1923 

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Oct. 20........ _____ . _____ ....... __ ... __ . __ .--.. __ . __ .

Apr. 27 .

Gage 

height

Feet 

8.09

10.90

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

10,900

21,300

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Illinois River at Beardstown, III., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1. ... .

2 

3... ...........

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8...... ........

9....... .

10........ ...

11... ........

12..............

13..............

14... _ .......

15..............

16..............

17.............

18. ...

19.. ............

20............

21....... .....

22.............

23..............

24.............

25....... .......

26 

27....... .......

28 

29........ ......

30...... ........

31 .........

Oct.

11,100 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700

10,700 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700 

11,100

11,100 

11,100 

11,100 

11,100 

11,100

11,000 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700

10,700 

11,100 

11,100 

11,100 

11,100

11,100 

11,100 

11,100 

11,100 

11,100 

10,700

Nov.

10,700 

11,100 

11,100 

11,100 

11,100

11,100 

11,100 

11,100 

11,100 

11,100

11,100 

11,400 

12,500 

13,200 

13,200

13,200 

13,200 

12,900 

12,100 

11,800

11,400 

11,400 

11,400 

11,400 

11,400

11,400 

11,400 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800

Dec.

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800

11,100 

9,980 

9,980 

9,620 

9,620

9,620 

9,620 

11,100 

11,400 

11,800

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

12,100 

12,500 

12,500

Jan.

12,500 

12,500 

12,500 

12,100 

12,100

11,800 

11,800 

12,100 

11,800 

11,800

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,400 

11,800

11,800 

11,400 

11,400 

11,400 

11,400

11,400 

11,400 

11,400 

11,400 

11,400 

11,400

Feb.

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,100

11,100 

11,100 

11,800 

10,700 

10,700

10,700 

10,700 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800

11,800 

11,100 

11,100 

10,700 

11,100

11,100 

11,100 

12,100 

12,100 

12,900

13,200 

13,200 

13,200

 

Mar.

13,200 

13,200 

13,600 

13,600 

13,900

14,300 

13,900 

14,300 

14,300 

14,300

14,300 

19,500 

22,100 

23,200 

24,700

26,100 

28,400 

29,900 

31,400 

32,500

33,300 

34,400 

35,200 

36,300 

36,700

37,900 

37,900 

38,300 

37,.9flO 

37,100 

36,300

Apr.

35,200 

34,400 

33,700 

32,500 

32,100

31,400 

30,600 

30,200 

28,700 

27,600

28,000 

27,600 

27,200 

26,900 

26,100

25,800 

25,400 

25,000 

25,000 

24,300

23,900 

23,600 

23,200 

22,800 

22,400

21,700 

21,300 

21,000 

20, 600 

20,200

May

19,800 

18,700 

18,400 

18,400 

18,000

17,600 

17,300 

16,900 

16,200 

15,800

15,400 

18,000 

18,700 

19,100 

19,500

19,800 

19,800 

20,200 

20,600 

21,700

22,800 

23,600 

24,300 

24,700 

24,700

24,700 

24,700 

25,400 

,25,000 

25,400 

25,000

June

24,300 

23,900 

23,200 

22,800 

22,800

22,100 

21,700 

21,700 

21,300 

20,600

20,200 

19,800 

19,100 

18,400 

18,400

18,000 

17,300 

17,300 

16,900 

16,900

16,500 

16,200 

15,800 

15,800 

15,800

15,800 

14,300 

16,200 

15,800 

15,800

July

15,400 

15,000 

14,700 

14,300 

14,300

14,300 

13,900 

13,900 

13,600 

13,600

12,900 

12,500 

12,900 

12,900 

12,500

12,500 

12,500 

12,500 

12,100 

12,100

12,100 

11,400 

11,400 

11,400 

11,100

10,700 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700

Aug.

10,700 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700 

10,700

11,100 

11,400 

13,900 

14,300 

13,200

13,600 

13,200 

12,900 

12,900 

12,500

12,500 

12,900 

12,900 

12,500 

12,500

12,500 

12,500 

12,100 

12,100 

11,800

11,400 

11,400 

11,400 

11,400 

11,400 

11 400

Sept.

11,800 

12,100 

11,800 

11,800 

11,400

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,800 

11,400

11,400 

12,900 

12,900 

-12,900 

12,500

12,500 

12,100 

12,100 

12,500 

12,500

12,500 

12,500 

12,500 

12,100 

12,100

12,100 

13,900 

15,800 

15,400 

15,400

1
150 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Illinois River at Beardstown, III., for the year

ending September SO, 192S

Month

January _____

February... ____

April.................

Maximum

11,100

13,200

12,600

12,600

13,200

QQ OAfl

35,200

Minimum

10,700

10,700

9,620

11,400

10,700

1Q Oftft

20,200

Mean

10,900

11,700

11 400 n',800

11,600

25,600

26,600

Month

July........ ..... ..

August _______

Maximum

25,400

24,300

15,400

14,300

15,800

38,300

Minimum

15,400

14,300

10,700

10,700

11,400

9,620

Mean

20,700

18,800

12,600

12,100

12,600

15,500

KANKAKEE RIVER AT MOMENCE, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 24, T. 31 N., R. 13 E., at highway bridge in Momence, Kankakee County, half a mile below Chicago & Eastern Illinois Railroad bridge 

and 1H miles above Tower Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,340 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 24, 1905, to July 20, 1906; December 3, 1914, 

to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge over left channel; read by Henry Hanson.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of coarse gravel, somewhat shifting; 

river at gage divided into two channels by an island. Aquatic plants sometimes grow in bed of river during summer.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum open-water stage recorded during year, 

3.8 feet March 16, 18, and 19 (discharge, 4,430 second-feet); minimum stage, 

1.51 feet October 5 and 6 (discharge, 369 second-feet).

1905-6; 1915-1923: Maximum open-water stage recorded, 6.4 feet January 22, 1916 (discharge estimated from extension of rating curve, 12,600 

second-feet); minimum stage, 1.37 feet September 1, 16, and 17, 1919 (discharge, 306 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly during March; seriously 

affected by ice during winter; affected by vegetation in channel during parts 

of spring and summer. Rating curve well defined between 400 and 1,400 

second-feet. Gage read to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table; shifting-control method 

used March 20 to September 30. Records prior to December 14 good; 

subsequent to that date fair.

Discharge measurements of Kankakee River at Momence, III., during the year 

ending September 30, 1923

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Jan. 16.. ____________

Feb. 13 ........

Apr.12 .................

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.01

 2.70

O A7

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

843

884

Date

May 18 .......................

July 17.... . ........ .......

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.80

1.84

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

4,090

749

' Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVER BASIN 151

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kankakee River at Momence, III., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

\.. ............

2 ... 

3.. 

4.. ... ... ...

5. .

6 ... ... -.

7 -.

8 ~

9 

10. 

11 _ ......

12

13 

14 

15 . _ .

16 - 

17 .

18.... . .

19 

20... ..

21-.-...... .

22 

23......... .

24........... ...

25 

26 

27.. .......

28 

29 .

30........ ......

31 

Oct.

396

378

387

378

369

369

387

441

495

540

690

795

795

740

740

690

640

630

620

610

590

590

610

610

590

600

600

580

580

580

570

Nov.

550

580

640

640

090

690

630

690

640

630

620

640

690

740

850

850

795

795

795

795

795

740

740

740

690

690

690

690

690

690

Dec.

690

690

690

690

740

740

850

905

960

960

905

960

740

850

Jan.

,

L 880

850

850

850

850

795

795

905

740

850

795

850

850

960

960

905

1,080

850

850

795

795

740

850

740

740

740

740

740

Feb.

795

850

905

905

1 850

1,000

Mar.

>1,400

1,500

1,580

1,660

3,090

3,340

3,600

3,340

4,430

4,150

4,430

4,430

3,870

3,870

3,870

4,150

4,150

3,870

3,870

3,870

3,600

3,340

3,340

2,850

Apr.

2,740

2,620

3, 510

2, 510

2,400

2.400

2,400

2,300

2,200

2,200

2,100

2,010

1,920

1,830

1,830

1,740

1,660

1,580

1,580

1,500

1,420

1,420

1,350

1,350

1,280

1,210

1,210

1,140

1,140

1,080

May

1,080

1,080

1,020

1,020

1,020

960

960

960

960

960

960

1,140

1,500

1,580

1,660

3,090

3,870

4,150

4,150

3,600

3,340

3,340,

3,090

2,740

2,400

2,200

2,100

2,010

1,920

1,740

1,580

June

1,420

1,350

1,280

1,210

1,140

1,210

1,660

2,300

1,580

1,420

1,500

1,420

1,350

1,280

1,210

1,140

1,080

1,020

1,020

960

960

905

905

905

850

850

850

850

795

795

July

850

795

795

740

795

850

905

960

960

1,020

1,020

1,020

960

905

905

850

905

795

740

740

740

690

640

690

690

640

640

690

690

690

640

Aug.

640

690

630

640

795

795

740

1,020

1,020

850

005

1,350

-1, 210

1,020

905

795

740

690

690

640

620

620

600

620

590

580

560

640

960

1,020

960

Sept

905

905

1,140

1,280

1,280

1,210

1,280

1,350

1,280

1,210

1,140

1,140

1,080

1,020

1,020

960

960

905

960

905

960

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,020

960

905

905

905

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 14 to Jan. 3 and Feb. 5 to Mar. 8; discharge estimated 

from gage-height record, discharge measurement, observer's notes, and gage-height record of Kankakee 

River at Custer Park. Braced figures show mean discharge for periods indicated.

Monthly discharge of Kankakee River at Momence, III., for the year ending September 30, 1923 

[Drainage area, 2,340 square miles]

Month

October... __ ....................... ......

January... ..................................

April........................................

May __ ___ ........... .......... .. 

July. .... ..... ...... .................

August ___ . ______________ . ......

September _______ *. ____ : ............

The year ________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

795 

850

1,080

4,430 

2,740 

4,150 

2,300 

1,020 

1,350 

1,350

4,430

Minimum

369 

550

740

1,080 

960 

795 

640 

560 

905

369

Mean

567 

704 

833 

834 

932 

2,950 

1,820 

2,010 

1,170 

805 

791 

1,060

1,210

Per

square 

mile

0.242 

.301 

.356 

.356 

.398 

1.26 

.778 

.859 

.500 

.344 

.338 

.453

.517

Kun-off in 

Inches

0.28 

.34 

.41 

.41 

.41 

1.45 

.87 

.99 

.56 

.40 

.39 

.50

7.02

EANEAEEE RIVER AT OUSTER PARE, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 19, T. 32 N., R. 10 E., at the Wabash Railroad bridge in 

Custer Park, Will County, half a mile above Horse Creek and 15 miles 

below dam and power plant at Kankakee.

DBAINAGE AREA. 4,870 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 6, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage, attached to bridge; read by J. H. Swords.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge.
152 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Solid rock strewn with boulders and gravel; right half 

of channel deep with fissures in bed; left half shallow; vegetation grows during 

summer.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 11.00 feet at 

4 p. m. March 18 (discharge, 15,700 second-feet); minimum stage, 4.88 

feet at 5 p. m. October 1 (discharge, 406 second-feet).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 15.05 feet April 11, 1922 (discharge, 

31,200 second-feet); minimum stage, 4.09 feet November 15, 1914 (dischage, 

250 second-feet).

REGULATION. Operation of power plant at Kankakee causes slight fluctuation 

at gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly during year by growth of 

vegetation in channel; affected by ice during winter. Rating curves fairly 

well defined. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating tables, except for 

period of ice effect; shifting-control method used November 16-30 and May 

16 to September 30. Open-water records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Kankakee River at Custer Park, III., during the year

ending September 30, 1923

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Feb. 21 . ..........................................................................

Apr. 19-__ ______ . __ .. . . .... ... _ . ____ ...

Gage 

height

Feet 

°5.82

6.27

"5.39

Dis-

, charge

Sec.-ft. 

1,040

2,390

780

« Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

6 Stage-discharge relation affected by aquatic growth.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kankakee River at Custer Park, III., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 

2............

3............

4............

5 __ . _ ....

6............

7... ___ ...

8............

9............

10............

11.. _..-.._

12 _______ .

13............

14 _____ .

15. _ . _ ....

16............

17.. ..........

18............

19....... .

20............

21....... _ ..

22............

23............

24............

25......... ...

26............

27............

28............

29....... .....

30............

31...... ..

Oct.

428

444

476

444

444

452

540

540

540

720

940

880

880

880

880

825

720

720

670

625

625

625

720

670

670

625

625

580

625

670

625

Nov.

625

625

580

720

670

670

670

580

625

625

670

720

770

770

825

880

940

940

940

1,000

940

940

940

940

880

825

940

880

880

880

Dec.

835

835

835

890

890

890

1,080

1,140

1,080

1,350

1,140

\ 860

Jan.

1,100

Feb.

1,050

Mar.

2,000

2,400

2,400

2,230

2,230

2,580

8,790

9,410

10,000

13,000

13, 600

15,000

14, 300

13,000

11, 300

9,720

8,790

6,720

6,440

5,150

4,670

4,210

Apr.

3,770

3,560

3,560

3,360

3,150

3,770

4,210

4,670

4,210

3,770

3,350

3,350

3,150

3,150

2,760

2,760

2,580

2,400

2,230

2,060

2,060

1 980

1,810

1,730

1,730

May

1,650

1,560

1,570

1,570

1,500

1,500

1,420

1,350

1,500

1,420

1,420

1,810

2,580

4,670

5,910

11,000

12,000

11,600

11,000

8,480

7,290

6,170

4,440

3,990

4,670

4,190

4,440

June

3,670

3,220

2,800

2,420

2,240

2,610

6,170

4,880

3,220

2,610

2,420

2,240

2,150

1,890

1,800

1,640

1,560

1,410

1,340

1,270

1,130

1,060

1,130

1,000

940

940

1 ' 000

July

1,130

1,130

1,130

940

1,000

940

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,270

1,340

1,340

1,200

1,060

1 nnn

940

880

880

770

770

720

770

670

625

770

770

720

Aug.

670

770

770

720

825

1,130

1,410

1,890

1,890

1,720

1,800

1,720

2,240

2,150

1,560

1,270

1,130

1,000

1,000

940

770

825

670

880

880

770

880

1,340

Sept.

1,270

1,130

1,480

2,060

2,240

2,420

2,150

2,150

2,060

1,980

1,980

1,640

1,480

1,340

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,270

1,270

1,480

1,560

1,560

1,560

1,480

1,340

1,340

1,270

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec, 12 to Mar. 6; discharge estimated from results of 

discharge measurements, gage-height record, observer's notes, and climatic record. Braced figures give 

mean discharge for period indicated.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVER BASIN 153

Monthly discharge of Kankakee River at Custer Park, III, for the year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 4,870 square miles]

Month

October ______________ ______

November ____________________

December.. ......

February _____________________

March ______ . ..... _ .....

April. ______________ ______ .

May _______________________

June ______ . . .

July.........................................

August. .....................................

September ...................................

The year.. ............................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

940 

1,000

15,000

4,670 

12,000 

6,170 

1,340 

2,240 

2,420

15,000

Minimum

428 

580

1,730 

1,350 

825 

625 

670 

1,130

428

Mean

649 

796 

909 

1,100 

1,050 

6,620 

2,850 

4,740 

2,060 

937 

1,200 

1,580

2,050

Per square 

mile

0.133 

.163 

.187 

.226 

.216 

1.36 

.585 

.973 

.423 

.192 

.246 

.324

.421

Bun-ofl 

in inches

0.15 

.18 

.22 

.26 

.22 

1.57 

.65 

1.12 

.47 

.22 

.28 

.36

5.70

IROQUOIS RIVER NEAR CHEBANSE, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 16, T. 29 N., R. 13 W., at highway bridge 4J^ miles east of 

Chebanse, Kankakee County, 3 miles below Beaver Creek, and 6 miles 

above junction with Kankakee River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,120 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 13 to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge; read by Charles Haselow.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of gravel and boulders; low-water 

control just below gage. Banks low and wooded. Aquatic vegetation 

grows in channel during summer.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during period of record, 

7.89 feet May 18 (discharge, 6,550 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.75 foot 

July 26 (discharge, 59 second-feet).

In the spring of 1913 a stage of about 19.6 feet was reached.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; affected by aquatic growth 

during summer. Rating curve used prior to May 31 well defined between 

1,000 and 7,000 second-feet; curve used subsequent to that date well defined 

throughout. Gage read to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table; shifting-control 

method used June 1-30. Records good except for June for which they are 

fair.

Discharge measurements of Iroquois River near Chebanse, III., during the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Date

A/Tar 9Q

Apr. 13

Made by Gage 

height

Feet

2.74

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,590

1,080

Date

May 18

July 17

Sept. 7

Made by 

.... .do . - 

.....do... .... -

Gage 

height

Feet 

7.89

.97

2.39

Discharge 

Sec.-ft. 

6,550

101

694
154 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of .Iroquois River near Chebanse, III., for the year 

ending September 80, 1928

Day

1- ..

2......

3......

4.......

5--.-__

6......

7-.-___

8......

9......

10-.-...

11.-. 

12......

13.-.-..

14..--..

IS......

Apr.

1,060

1,060

995

May

442

442

400

380

360

380

360

340

322

360

360

465

2,260

3,360

3,560

June

1,490

1,200

1,060

930

810

810

990

870

750

560

440

395

372

330

310

July

252

232

204

190

165

179

165

179

196

270

252

210

172

141

110

Aug.

84

88

92

80

110

485

612

668

640

612

640

750

1,060

870

485

Sept.

128

176

585

870

870

750

695

695

612

485

372

252

193

179

159

Day

16......

17... ...

18......

19......

20......

21----..

22--.-..

23......

24 .

25......

26-..-..

27--....

28......

29......

30..- 

31-.. 

Apr.

875

820

765

710

660

660

585

610

585

560

535

488

488

465

488

May

5,970

6,400

6,550

6,250

4,870

3,460

2,660

1,900

1,510

1,300

1,180

1,580

2,080

2,460

2,260

1,900

June

270

270

252

235

210

168

156

144

144

150

138

162

144

218

204

July

120

106

88

92

84

76

80

72

63

68

59

80

92

80

72

92

Aug.

310

204

168

112

132

70

103

95

61

78

86

99

112

122

138

144

Sept.

135

125

115

110

172

290

372

330

290

221

172

153

147

135

130

Monthly discharge of Iroquois River near Chebanse; III., for the year ending

September SO, 1928

[Drainage area, 2,120 square miles].

Month

April 13-30 __ ._ . _..

May

June ....-. -.... . ... ............

July..... . ..... .. . 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,060 

6,550 

1,490 

252 

1,060 

870

Minimum

465 

322 

138 

59 

61 

110

Mean

689 

2,130 

473 

137 

300 

331

Per square 

mile

0.325 

1.00 

.223 

.065 

.142 

' .156

Run-off 

in inches

0.22 

1.15 

.25 

.07 

.16 

.17

FOX RIVER AT ALGOHQUIN, ILL.

LOCATION. In NW. J^ sec. 34, T. 43 N., R. 8 E. third principal meridian, at 

Chicago Street Bridge in Algonquin, McHenry County, 100 feet above 

Public Service Co.'s dam, and 300 feet above Crystal Lake outlet.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 1, 1915, to September 30, 1923.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,340 square miles (measured on United States Geological 

Survey map; scale, 1 : 500,000).

GAGE. Staff gage attached to concrete abutment of bridge; read by Edward 

Pedersen.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Control is a concrete dam 100 feet below gage; permanent since August, 1919.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge or by wading 

below dam,

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 3.3 feet April 

12-14 (discharge, 3,280 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.87 foot August 5 

(discharge, 117 second-feet).

1916-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 5.3 feet March 31, 1916 (discharge 

7,120 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.59 foot August 31, 1918 (discharge, 67 

second-feet).

REGULATION. Grist mill at dam runs on average of about 4 hours a day except 

Sundays during September to March, inclusive, and one day a week during 

remainder of year. Effect of operation of mill on gage height is appreciable 

only at low stages and gage is usually read when mill is not running.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 155

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice during 

winter. Rating curve well defined above and fairly well defined below 400 

second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good 

for medium and high stages, fair for low stages.

The following discharge measurement was made by H. E. Grosbach: 

March 1, 1923: Gage height, 1.28 feet; discharge, 379 second-feet.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Fox River at Algonquin, III., for the year ending

September SO, 1923

Day

1.. ......

2 

3... ........

4.. .... .....

6 

6 .... . ...

7. .............

8 ... ... ..

8 

10 

11.. .......

12 ......

13 

14 . _ 

15 

16 

17 - 

18 . _ ...

19 

20. ..

21 

22 

23 

24.. .....

25 

26 __ 

27 

28 . ...

29 

30 . ..

31 - 

Oct.

291

275

260

260

275

299

331

355

373

391

409

409

391

373

355

339

331

323

323

315

307

299

291

283

291

291

307

307

323

323

331

Nov.

339

339

 339

347

339

339

331

323

315

307

323

339

355

373

391

409

427

445

464

483

502

521

502

483

464

445

464

483

502

Dec.

530

570

600

630

695

640

640

620

590

550

512

474

445

427

409

391

391

364

331

299

268

275

291

307

323

331

339

347

355

355

3R4

Jan.

373

373

382

382

391

391

382

373

373

364

364

355

364

373

373

355

347

339

339

347

355

355

364

373

373

373

373

355

355

355

Feb.

355

400

409

391

373

373

355

364

382

Mar.

400

512

610

750

805

920

980

1,040

1,160

1,300

1,440

1,580

1,650

1,650

1,580

1,100

1,040

805

550

695

920

1,230

1,300

1,440

1,440

1,510

1,650

1,800

1,650

1,650

1,720

Apr.

1,800

r,880

1,880

1,950

2,100

2,260

2,420

2,750

2,920

3,100

3,100

3,280

3,280

3,280

3,100

2,920

2,580

2,420

2,260

2,100

2,100

1,950

1,880

1,800

1,720

1,650

1,510

1,440

1,370

1,230

May

1,100

980

920

860

805

695

530

492

454

418

382

347

315

283

252

222

215

230

252

283

307

291

275

291

307

291

291

275

260

245

260

June

275

291

307

323

339

355

355

339

339

323

323

307

307

291

291

275

275

260

245

230

230

222

215

215

208

200

200

187

187

187

July

174

180

200

215

215

230

230

230

230

230

230

230

215

215

230

230

215

200

187

174

187

174

161

148

135

123

135

148

161

174

187

Aug.

174

168

148

135

123

123

142

168

148

161

364

373

355

339

315

291

275

252

222

208

238

260

245

230

230

245

260

275

283

275

275

Sept.

268

260

260

252

252

299

364

391

373

364

40fe

464

445

445

436

427

427

445

464

492

530

570

610

640

695

695

695

640

695

695

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Feb. 7 to Mar. l; discharge estimated.

Monthly discharge of Fox River at Algonquin, III., for the year ending September SO,

1923 

[Drainage area, 1,340 square miles]

Month

October... ___________________

November ...................................

December. __________________

February. ____________________

July

The year.. ______ _________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

409 

521 

695 

391

1,800 

3,280 

1,100 

355 

230 

373 

695

3,280

Minimum

260 

307 

268 

339

400 

1,230 

215

187 

123 

123 

252

123

Mean

324 

401 

441 

365 

371 

1,190 

2,270 

423 

270 

193 

235 

467

578

Per square 

mfle

0.242 

.299 

.329 

.272 

.277 

.888 

1.69 

.316 

.201 

.144 

.175 

.349

.431

Run-off 

in inches

0.28 

.33 

.38 

.31 

.29 

1.02 

1.89 

.36 

.22 

.17 

.20 

.39

5.84

76612 26 WSP 565 11
156 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

FOX RIVER AT WEDBON, HI.

LOCATION. In sec. 9, T. 34 N., R. 4 E., at highway bridge in Wedron, La Salle 

County, 1,000 feet above Buck Creek.

DEAINAGE AREA. 2,500 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 5, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE.- Chain gage attached to bridge; read by Charles Da vis.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Control 1,000 feet downstream composed of coarse 

gravel and large boulders; practically permanent; affected at times by 

growth of aquatic plants.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 10.7 feet 

March 23 (discharge, 7,720 second-feet); minimum stage, 5.45 feet at 6 

p. m. July 31 (discharge, 13.7 second-feet).

1915-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 17.22 feet January 22, 1916 (discharge not determined because of backwater from ice). Maximum openwater stage recorded, 14.2 feet March 26, 1920 (discharge, 17,900 secondfeet). Minimum discharge recorded, 105 second-feet, November 20, 1914 

(measured by current meter).

REGULATION. Slight diurnal fluctuation is caused by operation of power plants 

at and above Aurora.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation affected by vegetation in channel in fall 

and summer; by ice during winter. Rating curves well denned above and 

fairly well denned below 200 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice 

daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height 

to rating tables except for period of ice effect. Records good for stages 

above ordinary low water, fair for extremely low stages during open water; 

winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Fox River at Wedron, III., during the year ending

September SO, 1923

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Feb. 20.. ... __ ....... _ ..

Apr. 18 __ ......... _ .....

Gage 

height

Feet 

 6.01

8.52

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

320

3,200

Date

Aug. 1...... ......... .........

Gage 

height

Feet 

5.93

5.75

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

392

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 157

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Fox River at Wedron, III., for the year ending

September SO, 1928

Day

1 ...

2......... .....

3..............

4..............

5. .-..-.-...

6........ __ ..

7..............

8..............

9.. ............

10. ... .......

11 

12.,.. ..........

13... ...........

14 

15 

16 

17..... .........

18..............

19 

20 ........ ..

21 ......

22 ..........

23. _ . __ 

24 

25. 

26 

27 .........

28.. .... ....

29 

30 ..

31 __ 

Oct.

500

472

390

365

390

365

500

500

390

390

585

555

585

615

390

340

340

585

585

365

418

365

365

390

418

418

418

365

418

365

365

Nov.

500

472

445

445

418

390

418

418

418

418

418

418

472

585

860

715

615

500

528

500

555

680

555

615

680

555

500

445

615

648

Dec.

615

785

648

715

785

785

820

750

500

290

290

385

450

Jan.

390

*

Feb.

,

420

Mar.

715

1,100

1,150

1,240

3,210

2,600

3,950

3,380

2,460

2,900

4,350

3,380

4,150

1,940

1,460

2,460

4,150

7,470

6,280

5,180

4,760

3,380

3,050

2,750

2,600

2,460

Apr.

2,460

2,460

2,330

2,460

2,600

2,600

2,600

3,210

3,560

3,750

3,750

3,750

3,950

3,950

3,750

3,560

3,210

3,210

2,900

2,750

2,600

2,460

2 200

2,200

2,200

2,070

1,820

1,690

1,570

1,510

May

1,360

1,260

1,260

1,160

1,070

1,020

785

900

680

680

648

820

680

555

585

680

615

615

555

472

390

445

445

418

340

418

445

340

445

445

245

June

390

418

390

245

445

555

615

715

555

472

445

472

472

445

445

418

315

268

268

585

418

290

290

268

200

236

290

340

340

268

July

236

209

174

418

365

340

472

445

365

315

340

340

315

290

290

245

183

290

290

340

268

268

227

200

290

268

232

268

268

170

149

Aug.

209

245

200

227

227

236

196

245

214

227

268

232

209

390

500

418

418

418

390

245

245

390

340

390

290

315

290

245

418

390

365

Sept.

390

340

268

236

290

940

820

785

680

680

445

555

445

500

528

472

472

418

555

500

528

615

648

750

680

860

980

820

820

715

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 12 to Mar. 6; discharge estimated from gage-height 

record, one discharge measurement, observer's notes, and weather records. Braced figures give mean 

discharge for periods indicated.

Monthly discharge of Fox River at Wedron, III., for the year ending September

 <Sf\ i Q0Q OU, lifiSO

[Drainage area, 2,500 square miles]

Month

October ____________________

December.. __________________

January .... _________ . ___ . ....

March.. __________________ ...

April _ .. _ ......... _ ....................

May.........................................

June _ . .....................................

July...... .......... .........................

August.. .... 

September.. .................................

The year.. ________ ... ..........

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

615 

860 

820

7,470

3,950 

1,360 

715 

472 

500 

980

7.470

Minimum

340 

390 

290

1,510 

245 

245 

149 

196 

236

149

Mean

436 

527 

497 

390 

420 

2,780 

2,770 

670 

396 

286 

303 

591

840

Per square 

mile

a 174

.211 

.199 

.156 

.168 

1.11 

1.11 

.268 

.158 

.114 

.121 

.236

.336

Run-off 

in inches

0.20 

.24 

.23 

.18 

.17 

1.28 

1.24 

.31 

.18 

.13 

.14 

.26

4.56

VERMILION RIVER NEAR STREATOR, HI.

LOCATION. In sec. 1, T. 30 N., R. 3 E. third principal meridian, at highway 

bridge known as Bridge No. 3, 1H miles south of Streator, LaSalle County, 

and 100 feet below the Santa Fe Railway bridge.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,080 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 27, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to highway bridge; read by Andrew Gall.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.
158 SURFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1923, PAET V

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel composed of gravel and rocks. Brush and 

timber growing on banks above low-water stages. Control at low stages 

composed of loose rocks, shifts occasionally.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 7.7 feet May 

18 (discharge, 2,570 second-feet); minimum discharge, no flow, August 24 

27, and September 3 and 4.

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 22.9 feet April 20, 1920 (discharge, 

16,500 second-feet); minimum discharge, no flow, August 25-28, September 

16-30, 1920, and August 24-27, September 3 and 4, 1923.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly during March and again 

during August, probably due to shifting of loose rocks below gage; affected 

by ice for a short period during winter. Rating curve used October 1 to 

March 15 well defined above and fairly well defined below 25 second-feet; 

rating curve used March 16 to August 9 well defined above 150 second-feet, 

rating curve used August 10 to September 30 fairly well defined. Gage 

read to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

daily gage height to rating table. Records good except for very low stages 

and for period of ice effect, for which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Vermilion River near Streator, III., during the year

ending September 80, 192S

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Feb. 20. _ . _ ...... __ .............. _ ........ -., 

£&

Feet 

1.63

2.04

2.90

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

43.1

171

395

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Vermilion River near Streator, III., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 .

Z. .............

^.. ............

5......... .... .

6.. 

7 ~ 

8 -

9.... . .........

10 .

11 

12 

13 

14.. .....

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 __ ..... _ ..

20 __

21 ___ . .......

 22.... ...... .

23 

24 

25 

26 

27.. _ ..........

28 ...

29..............

30 

31... ...........

Oct.

0.5

.5

.5

.5

.6

.5

.8

.8

.8

1.0

1.5

1.0

.8

.8

1.0

.6

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.6

1.0

.9

.8

.8

Nov.

1.4

1.4

.8

.8

1.0

1.0

.8

1.4

1.0

.8

.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.0

1.4

1.0

5.8

5.8

33.0

33.0

24.0

18.0

12.0

6.8

6.8

8.2

6.8

5.8

3.8

Dec.

6.6

5.6

5.6

7.9

7.9

5.6

9.4

6.6

5.6

5.6

12.0

4.0

Jan.

6

5

11

11

Feb.

30

22

9

125

3

45

37

27

24

23

27

37

31

31

Mar.

33

46

71

- 62

54

64

61

55

43

34

1,210

2,390

1,550

1,550

1,600

2,150

2,210

2,090

1,750

1,450

1,250

1,170

850

780

454

642

514

173

220

268

Apr.

255

242

242

242

242

268

322

394

424

350

308

268

242

218

218

196

179

162

151

140

130

120

120

120

113

102

99

92

99

88

May

85

82

73

67

62

57

65

60

52

33

10

85

207

578

642

1,910

2,270

2,570

2,090

1,800

1,460

1,130

890

710

642

546

815

850

970

850

780

June

394

394

394

394

336

364

350

255

242

230

207

184

162

140

140

120

162

130

140

140

140

140

120

102

16

3

207

184

173

162

July

140

130

151

173

184

151

87

90

84

87

94

74

66

64

64

60

37

36

28

25

26

20

6

6

5

2

1

1

1

Aug.

1.4

1.2

1.4

1.7

14.0

33.0

26.0

3.2

1.8

17.0

17.0

21.0

17.0

24.0

18.0

8.5

1.5

1.3

1.0

.6

.1

.0

.0

.0

.0

.1.1.1

Sept.

0.1

.1

.0

.0

.1

.1

.1

.5

.4

.3

.3

.2

.1

.1

.1

.1

.5

.2

.1

.2

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.4

.3

.5

.4

.3

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 12 to Jan. 28 and Feb. 3-19; discharge estimated 

from gage-height and weather records. Braced figures show mean discharge for periods indicated. Dis 

charge interpolated Oct. 29, Nov. 13, 23, Mar. 11, 30, Apr. 17, May 21, July 25, and Sept. 24.
TJPPEK MISSISSIPPI BIVBE BASIN 159

Monthly discharge of Vermilion River near Streator, III., for the year ending

September SO, 1928

[Drainage area, 1,080 square miles]

Month

October- .......................... ........^.

November __________________

January _________________ . __

February.. ..................................

April. .......................................

May ______________________

July.......................................

August ______________________

September ...................................

The year.. ....... ___ .... _ .. _ ...

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1.5 

33

2,390 

424 

2,570 

394 

184 

33 

0.5

2,570

Minimum

0.5

.8

33 

88 

10 

3

J 

0

0

Mean

0.77 

6.27 

5.11 

6.29 

41.8 

813 

205 

724 

204 

61.5 

6.85 

0.20

174

Per square 

mile

0.001 

.006 

.005 

.006 

.039 

.763 

.190 

.670 

.189 

.057 

.006 

.0002

.161

Run-off 

in inches

0.001 

.007 

.006 

.007 

.04 

.87 

.21 

.77 

.21 

.07 

.007 

.0002

2.20

MACKINAW RIVER NEAR GREEN VALLEY, ILL

LOCATION. In sec. 15, T. 23 N., R. 5 W., at Chicago and Northwestern Railway bridge 3 miles north of Green Valley, Tazewell County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,100 square miles (measured on United States Geological 

Survey map; scale, 1:500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 9, 1921, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to guardrail on downstream side of bridge; read by 

John Eggena.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. No well-defined control, channel is sandy and somewhat shifting; may be affected by backwater at high stages of Illinois River.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.6 feet 

March 13 (discharge, 4,8QO second-feet); minimum discharge, 30 secondfeet October 1-5, 13, and 14.

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 10.11 feet April 2, 1922 (discharge, 

6,690 second-feet); minimum discharge, 30 second-feet September 28 to 

October 5, October 13 and 14, 1922.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed March 14. Both rating curves 

well defined below and fairly well defined above 2,000 second-feet. Gage 

read to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

daily gage height to rating table. Records good for low and medium. 

stages, fair for high stages.

Discharge measurements of Mackinaw River near Green Valley, III., during the 

year ending September SO, 1923

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

. Date

Oct. 18. __ . _ .......................- .......-..... _ ..........................

Apr. 24-...-.......-.. . .................................................... .

May Bl. ....... .....................................................................

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.88

2.15

4.24

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

31.2

229

1070
iqo

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mackinaw River near Green Valley, III., for the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 - .

2 

3 ...........

4.. .........

5-.... .........

6 ...........

.7 ...........

8..............

9 ...........

10 ........

11 .. ....... ..

12 .......

13 .........

14..............

15..............

16 

17..............

18... ...........

19. 

20 ...........

21... ... ........

22 

23... ...........

24... ...........

25 . ,

26 

27- 

28 ... .......

29 

30 . 

31 

Oct.

30

30

30

30

30

31

33

31

31

31

31

31

30

30

31

31

31

32

32

32

32

qo

32

34

34

32

32

32

32

32

32

Nov.

32

32

32

32

32

32

32

32

32

32

35

60

60

65

75

60

56

52

52

4fi

42

41

41

39

39

38

38

36

36

38

Dec.

36

36

36

36

38

38

36

36

36

36

36

34

34

34

34

QJ

34

34

34

33

31

31

31

33

33

34

<?4

33

33

33

41

 Jan.

44

49

41

41

on

qo

36

38

qo

38

38

QQ

38

42

AK

40

4n

00

37

43

40

OK

43

40

40

40

40

40

38

Feb.

q7

48

52

46

43

40

38

38

37

34

35

38

85

420

245

160

118

142

118

85

75

80

70

56

56

56

56

52

Mar.

En

65

80

91

1fi4

85

75

70

65

60

65

3,900

4,600

1,760

q f)Af\

2,610

2,520

1,690 i <inn

1,180

1 Afifl

945

890

835

735

600

560

480

445

410

Apr.

345

<U1

375

q7c

375

480

600

735

600

520

445

410

345

345

QJ»

290

252

252

240

240

229

218

207

196

186

186

186

May

176

167

167

167

142

134

134

134

134

134

142

3,600

1,620

2,430

2,000

3,600

2,790

3,600

3,240

2,000

1,620

1,120

1,000

785

690

735

735

3,600

1,300

1,420

1,060

June

835

645

645

520

560

645

735

480

410

315

278

265

252

240

229

207

186

186

167

176

150

127

120

113

108

240

252

252

252

July

O«Y7

176

1 f\ft

13d

197

120

113

100

100

89

89

78

73

68

68

68

63

63

56

53

53

53

51

51

49

53

54

54

49

49

Aug.

49

40

56

51

167

58

49

785

240

218

735

229

158

127

89

84

78

68

63

58

58

53

51

49

47

45

49

47

42

42

40

Sept.

47

51

59

47

Q4

120

158

345

176

89

73

58

53

49

47

44

38

42

47

44

42

42

44

44

42

49

89

113

100

NOTE Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Feb. 17 and 18; discharge estimated.

Monthly discharge of Mackinaw River near Green Valley, III., for the year ending

September 30, 1923 

[Drainage area, 1,100 square miles]

Month

November ___________________

January

April..... 

July

August ______________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

34

75 

41 

45 

420 

4,600 

735 

3,600 

835 

207 

785 

345

4,600

.Minimi-inn

30 

32 

31 

35 

34 

52 

186 

134 

106 

49 

40 

38

30

Mean

31.4 

42.3 

34.6 

39.8 

84.3 

1,070 

335 

1,310 

326 

87.6 

127 

7&8

300

Per square 

mile

0.029 

.038 

.031 

.036 

.077 

.973 

.305 

1.19 

.296 

.080 

.115 

.072

.273

Run-off 

in inches

0.03 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.08 

1.12 

.34 

1.37 

.33 

.09 

.13 

.08

3.69

SPOON BIVEB AT SEVILLE, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 24, T. 6 N., R. 1 E. fourth principal meridian, at Toledo,

Peoria & Western Railway bridge a quarter of a mile east of railway station

at Seville, Fulton County. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,600 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 24, 1914, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge; read by R. M. Boales. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by

wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. A loose rock and timber dam 1^ miles below gage

probably forms control at medium stages; at other stages control is clay and

sand, somewhat shifting.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI EIVEE BASIN 161

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 14.66 feet 

March 13 (discharge, 7,040 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.64 feet October 

18 (discharge, 24 second-feet).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 26.0 feet January 23, 1916; (discharge not determined because of backwater from ice). Maximum openwater stage recorded, 23.0 feet January 24, 1916 (discharge, 17,800 secondfeet). Minimum stage recorded, 1.35 feet July 31 and August 27-29, 

1914 (discharge, 3.8 second-feet).

Flood of September, 1911, reached a height of about 25.8 feet on present 

gage; flood of 1883 reached a stage somewhat over 30.0 feet on present gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent during year; affected 

by ice during short periods in winter. Rating curve well defined below and 

fairly well defined above 3,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths once 

daily.. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating 

table-except for period of ice effect. Records good for low and medium 

stages and fair for high stages during open-water period; fair for period of 

ice effect.

Discharge measurements of Spoon River at Seville, III., during the year ending

September 30, 1928 

[Made by H. E. Qrosbach]

Date

Oct. 17 ____ . ______ ..

17.... 

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.78

2.78

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

33.4

34.6

Date Gage 

height

Feet 

3.72

3.52

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

244

177 /

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spoon River at Seville, III., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

Day

1 ____ ......

2 _______ .

3. 

4 ___ . .......

5 ..............

6 ...........

7 ______ ....

8 ...........

9.... .......

10 

11-... . ....

12.. ...........

13 ____ 

14. 

15. 

16 

17 

18 

19 .. 

20. -

21.. 

22. _ .....

23

24 ___ . _ ....

25 

26 

27 

28- _ - __

29. 

30. ___ 

31 .........

Oct.

44

44

38

42

35

462

130

107

96

76

58

47

44

38

42

38

35

24

34

34

31

30

37

37

40

47

41

44

42

41

40

Nov.

35

70

62

104

83

100

79

60

54

70

41

162

410

560

445

288

225

195

195

153

118

111

96

100

89

89

100

58

100

104

Dec.

102

98

81

87

77

87

102

116

109

81

87

50

Jan.

80

185

150

130

109

100

90

[ 80

\ 335

410

310

Feb.

210

195

130

500

Mar.

800

550

560

560

900

480

445

270

270

480

410

5,440

7,040

5,090

2,460

4,320

4,460

3,240

2,340

1,200

1,420

1,360

1,310

1,800

1,580

i iin

950

810

720

680

600

Apr.

520

520

520

480

480

480

410

445

445

392

375

358

340

322

322

305

305

288

288

270

255

255

255

288

288

255

225

210

210

195

May

180

171

156

150

135

135

111

96

130

142

130

2,040

1,200

600

520

428

392

340

288

288

288

240

lot

195

171

162

162

180

305

240

210

June

180

156

162

130

180

142

270

340

305

171

142

142

142

142

125

116

107

96

76

76

225

445

305

210

156

305

180

1,000

900

600

July

520

340

240

225

375

225

600

305

340

210

180

428

855

358

180

130

107

85

76

76

70

63

51

54

51

44

54

180

118

76

58

Aug.

50

43

50

47

104

83

74

128

148

123

104

70

74

68

57

600

74

68 50

43

40

37

40

33

33

9O

37

392

128

100

57

Sept.

104

104

AR

180

100

83

153

140

153

100

83

87

72

57

50

50

47

40

50

57

57

50

57

57

62

57

97fl

600

560

ftlfi

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation eflected by ice Dec. 12 to Jan. 17, Jan. 23-29, and Feb. 3 to Mar. 2; discharge estimated from gage-height record, observer's notes, and weather records. Gage not read Jan. 19, 

21, 22, and 31; discharge interpolated.
162 SURFACE WATER ST7PPLT, 1923, PART V

Monthly discharge of Spoon River at Seville, Itt., for the year ending September SO,

192S

[Drainage area, 1,600 square miles]

Month

November ___________________

February... ___________________

April. ______________________

May ____________________ ..

July.........................................

September ____________________

The year.. _ ___________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

462 

560 

102

7,040 

520 

2,040 

1,000 

855 

600 

810

7,040

Minimum

24 

35

270 

195 

96 

76 

44 

29 

40

24

Mean

61.2 

145 

65.4 

160 

241 

1,730 

343 

v 322 

251 

215 

96.3 

145

316

Per square 

mile

0.038 

.091 

.041 

.100 

.151 

1.08 

.214 

.201 

.157 

.134 

.060 

.091

.198

Run-off 

in inches

0.04 

.10 

.05 

.12 

.16 

1.24 

.24 

.23 

.17 

.15 

.07 

.10

2.67

SANGAMON RIVER AT MONTICELLO, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 12, T. 18 N., R. 5 E. third principal meridian, at Illinois

Central Railroad bridge half a mile west of Monticello, Piatt County. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 550 square miles. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 4, 1908, to December 31, 1912; June 23, 1914, to

September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream side of bridge; read by David Coay

to March 31, by M. Taylor after March 31. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge and wooden

trestle approach or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Measuring section is at a pool; control consists of fine

gravel; likely to shift. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 13.4 feet March

16 (discharge, 5,250 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.70 feet October 2-6

(discharge, 4 second-feet).

1908-1912; 1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 15.2 feet May 14, 1908

(discharge, 9,280 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.5 feet July 31 to August 3,

1914 (discharge, 1 second-foot).

Maximum stage during flood of March to April, 1913, 17.7 feet March 25

(discharge not known). 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly August 12. Both rating

curves fairly well defined above 15 second-feet. Gage read to half-tenths

once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height

to rating table. Records fair.

The following discharge measurement was made by H. E. Grosbach: 

March 17, 1923: Gage height, 12.28 feet; discharge, 3,500 second-feet.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVEB BASIN 168

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sangamon River at Monticello, III., for the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1 __ . _ ... ...

2... . __ ...

3.............

4... ........

5..... .........

6..............

7..............

8

9.. ............

10.. ........ .

11 

12 - 

13.. .........

14..............

15... ........

16..............

17 ...........

18 ..........

19 . 

20. .........

21 .

22..............

23.. .........

24..............

25 .......

26 .........

27. .........

28... ...........

29 ........

30. ........

31 .........

Oct.

6

4

4

4

4

4

9

9

9

15

28

28

31

37

28

20

15

15

15

15

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

Nov.

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

15

15

15

15

15

40

49

52

60

63

54

46

43

37

37

37

37

34

31

31

31

31

Dec.

31

28

24

20

22

31

37

37

37

40

43

43

43

37

37

37

32

28

28

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

43

56

63

46

Jan.

28

31

37

40

43

49

49

49

52

56

56

Kft

56

100

145

126

126

126

117

117

113

109

101

77

74

70

70

76

81

101

101

Feb.

109

109

75

89

91

93

239

109

101

93

85

77

77

77

77

85

Mar.

77

77

77

93 ino

^,145

195

195

205

500

800

1,270

1,750

3,300

5,250

4,800

4,310

3,820

O flftfl

1,570

1,400

1,190

1 1 on

900

720

700

593

530

478

411

Apr.

394

374

311

275

830

860

720

732

745

593

504

478

439

439

400

361

348

323

323

299

275

263

251

227

227

215

205

195

185

175

May

175

155

145

145

135

126

117

109

109

109

109

. 517

2,730

4,950

3,820

3,690

4,090

4,950

4,090

2,800

1,510

1,150

895

745

575

530

620

720

960

930

680

June

575

517

452

387

361

323

323

323

239

233

227

205

185

185

165

155

180

205

155

135

126

109

109

92

. 85

70

63

185

126

165

July

137

109

101

85

109

109

77

66

56

43

56

70

60

52

42

31

31

25

20

15

15

18

20

15

11

9

15

25

44

63

56

Aug.

37

31

20

15

39

63

37

830

1,510

1,570

3,560

2 420

1,270

770

387

323

263

203

180

158

127

108

90

74

66

164

263

180

82

66

82

Sept.

74

70

66

59

66

90

99

127

fl6

66

62

49

43

32

30

29

28

66

62

59

117

137

94

52

56

59

117

82

66

134

NOTE. Gage not read on Sundays; discharge interpolated. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice 

Feb. 3-9 and 14-19; discharge estimated.

Monthly discharge of Sangamon River at Monticello, III., for the year ending September 80, 1928 

[Drainage area, 550 square miles]

Month

November ...................................

January .....................................

March _____________________

April. __ .... ___ .. _

May __ ___________________

June... . .. 

July ......................................

August ......................................

September.. _________________

The year. .............................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

37 

63 

63 

145

5,250 

860 

4,950 

575 

137 

3,660 

137

5,250

Minimum

4 

*3 

20

28

77 

175 

109 

63 

9 

15 

28

4

Mean

14.3 

29.7 

33.6 

78.5 

116 

1,260 

399 

1,370 

222 

51.1 

483 

72.9

347

Per square 

mile

a 026 

.054 

.061 

.143 

.211 

2.29 

.725 

2.49 

.404 

.093 

.878 

.133

.631

Run-off 

in inches

0.03 

.06 

.07 

.16 

.22 

2.64 

.81 

2.87 

.45 

.11 

1.01 

.15

8.68

SANGAMON RIVER AT RIVERTON, ILL

LOCATION. In southeast corner of SW. M sec. 9, T. 16 N., R. 4 W. third principal 

meridian, at Wabash Railroad bridge about a quarter of a mile west of 

Riverton, Sangamon County, and 2^ miles below mouth of South Fork.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,560 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 13, 1908, to December 31, 1912; August 7, 

1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge; read by J. J. Washburn.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Measuring section is at a pool; control consists of fine 

gravel; shifts slightly.

76612 26 WSP 565 12
164 SURFACE WAtfEB SUPPLY, 1923, PABT V

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 23.6 feet 

March 20 (discharge, 11,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 7.25 feet October 

6 (discharge, 16 second-feet).

1908-1912; 1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 28.22 feet April 11, 1922 

(discharge, 22,700 second-feet); minimum stage, 6.9 feet October 3-15, 1915 

(discharge, 3 second-feet).

High water of 1883 reached a height of about 32 feet on the present gage, 

and that of 1875 is said to have been half a foot lower (discharge not 

determined).

REGULATION. The flow during low-water periods is affected by storage at the 

municipal reservoir at Decatur.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly several times during year; 

affected by ice for a short period. Rating curves used October 1 to March 

10, .March 11-31, and April 1 to May 25 fairly well defined; curve used 

May 26 to September 30 well defined above 500 second-feet. Gage read 

to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily 

gage height to rating table except for period of ice effect. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Sangamon River at Riverton, III., during the year ending

September SO, 1923 

[Made by H. E. Grosbachl

Date

Mar. 17... ..

Gage 

height

Feet

7

01

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

21.0

8,050

Date Se,

Feet 

10.93

12.28

Discharge

See.-ft. 

871

1,370

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sangamon River at Riverton, III., for the year

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1. __ ........

2 . .. .

3-... -

4-.. ......

5 

6 

1. ....... ..

8 

9 

10. -

11 _ ....... 

12... ___

13. 

14 

15 

16 

17.... ... ... ...

18. 

19. 

20- 

21 _ .... 

22. 

23 ______ 

24 

25 

26. 

27 

28 

29. 

30. 

31 

Oct.

17

18

20

18

18

16

23

24

26

24

25

37

36

39

31

23

24

26

21

20

20

29

27

25

23

21

20

20

20

20

21

Nov.

21

23

24

24

26

30

24

23

23

31

40

48

50

76

68

62

63

4fi

43

47

46

41

38

36

36

37

41

56

Dec.

51

46

39

36

36

dn

42

43

46

53

92

126

110

74

46

43

33

29

29

9Q

 M

32

36

36

34

33

Q1

39

64

68

77

Jan.

3391

49

74

126

144

96

92

89

fi4

66

71

65

59

64

76

94

102

118

126

144

118

110

84

OO

78

76

74

71

Feb.

70

72

59

46

46

50

60

64

64

64

64

66

77

O10

290

270

220

230

240

220

153

102

96

96

89

94

110

118

Mar.

135

135

144

135

144

153

230

270

312

480

598

846

3,380

4,280

4,830

6,320

8,600

9,230

9,070

U nnn

10,600

9,730

8,600

7,320

6,080

4,830 Q «An

3,220

2,770

2,280

1,920

Apr.

1,630

1,550

1,310

1,310

1,390

1,550

1,750

1,930

2,030

2,330

2,030

1,790

1,880

1,980

2,180

2,180

2,080

1,790

1,550

1,390

1,350

1,190

1,050

985

950

1,160

845

810

745

May

745

715

655

625

685

537

485

459

433

409

433

715

655

685

880

2,230

3,000

3,360

3,940

4,290

4,580

4,580

4,580

4,290

3,660

2,900

2,020

1,620

1,500

1,540

1,620

June

1,780

1,820

1,460

1,260

1,080

1,180

844

717

686

626

568

540

513

486

460

435

435

386

364

342

321

300

280

280

250

260

300

626

513

513

July

435

386

342

364

486

435

364

342

321

300

364

342

i run

1,260

717

486

386

321

260

230

200

172

154

146

138

138

146

163

163

154

138

Aug.

486

230

200

230

486

486

1,460

812

568

686

910

1,080

1,340

1,580

1,820

1,870

1,150

626

513

386

364

300

260

230

220

300

364

386

321

260

Sept.

230

250

163

129

486

1,460

1,460

1,300

717

513

410

342

280

240

230

200

181

230

364

1,220

1,340

1,120

877

656

513

435

486

1,010

1,180

1,300

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 15-20 and Feb., 4-11; discharge estimated from 

gage-height record, observer's notes, and weather records.
UPPER ..MISSISSIPPI 'EWER 165

Monthly discharge of Sangamon River at RivertOn. III., for the year ending September

80,

[Drainage area, 2,560 square miles]

Month

February ___________________

April...... ...................... ......

Jnly. . . ... _ .

September ___________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

39 

76 

126 

144 

312 

11,000 

2,330 

4,580 

1,820 

1,260 

1,870 

1,460

11,000

Minimum

16 

21 

29 

31 

46 

135 

745 

409 

250 

138 

200 

129

16

Mean

23.6 

38.6 

49.2 

84.6 

123 

3,910 

1,560 

1,900 

654 

351 

653 

644

840

Per square 

mile

0.009 

,015 

.019 

.033 

.048 

1.53 

.609 

.742 

,255 

.137 

.255 

.252

.328

Bun-ofi 

in inches'

0.01 

.02 

.82

.04

.05 

1.76- 

.68, 

.85 

.28 

.16 

.29 

.28

4.44

SOUTH FORE OF SANGAMON RIVER AT POWER PLANT, NEAR TAYIORVILIE, III.

LOCATION. In sec. 14, T. 13 N., R. 3 W., at Chicago & Illinois Midland Railroad 

bridge 6 miles northwest of Taylorville, Christian County, 500 feet east of 

power plant of Central Illinois Public Service Co., 5 miles below mouth of 

Bear Creek, and 8 miles below station formerly maintained at Wabash 

Railroad bridge.

DRAINAGE ABBA. 510 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 18, 1917, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge; read by H. Hendricks.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of clay and mud; control]f airly permanent 

at low stages until July, 1923, when channel at gage was filled with rock. 

Banks wooded and subject to overflow above medium stages.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 21.00 feet 

March 19 (discharge, 6,900 second-feet); minimum discharge, no flow, 

October 6-23.

1917-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, 11,800 second-feet March 15, 

1922; minimum discharge, no flow, August 29 and October 6-23, 1922.

A stage of about 27.3 feet on present 'gage is said to have been reached 

January 31, 1916 (discharge, 11,300 second-feet).

DIVERSIONS. An average of about half a second-foot is used for boiler feed and 

other purposes at power plant just above gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed by filling in channel at bridge 

where gage is located in July. Rating curve used October 1 to July 10 

fairly well defined; curve used after July 10 poorly defined. Gage read to 

hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily 

gage height to rating table. Records fair for period October 1 to July 10, 

poor after July 10.

The following discharge measurement was made by H. E. Grosbach: 

March 16,1923: Gage height, 18.48 feet; discharge, 4,590 second-feet.
166 SUBFAOE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAEO? V

discharge, in second-feet, of South Fork of Sangamon River at power plant, 

near Taylprville, III., for the year ending September SO, 1923

Day

i _ . .........

2....... __ ...

3 ___ ........

4 ___ .........

5 __ ...... ...

6......... .....

7 _ ...... _ ..

8....... ___ .

9........... ...

10... ..- ..

11..............

12..............

13 _ ......... .

14......... __ .

15..............

16...........'...

17 .. ......

18 ...........

19..............

20-. ..

21

22 __ ____. _

23... _ ........

24 ___ ........

25..............

26..............

27...... _ .....

28..............

29..............

30 .........

31..............

Oct.

0.2

.2

.4

1.2

.6

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0, 5.2'

7.4

5.2

4.4

1.7

1.4

1.2

1.2

Nov.

1.2

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

8

14

21

27

34

17

17

17

25

21

- 17

13

7.4

6.3

5.2

5.2

4.4

4.4

5.2

5.2

6.3

Dec.

5.2

5.2

4.4

1 9

5.2

46

86

100

128

100

70

61

49

17

13

7.4

5.2

3.5

2.2

1.7

1.2

2.2

0 0

3.5

4.4

5.2

93

135

128

118

109

Jan.

100

67

61

55

49

44

44

55

61

90

32<*A

29

49

39

42

32

37

42

47

52

46

44

39

34

29

34

34

29

34

34

Feb.

34

36

36

34

35

Oft

34

29

29

00

39

39

142

128

100

90

80

70

64

29

39

42

49

49

44

44

86

86

Mar.

86

67

124

180

210

241

270

415

415

290

214

1 94ft

2,460

2,520

2,580

4,150

6,500

6,500

6,900

4,590

2,280

1,530

990

680

631

547

415

403

344

311

300

Apr.

214

196

iQfl

196

205

270

322

300

300

223

205

188

205

451

697

755

601

601

415

360

300

300

 3 no

300

214

188

156

172

156

149

May

142

128

114

107

100

100

93

86

86

86

86

100

107

114

100

355

601 547'

415

360

300

180

149

135

128

114

107

128

149

415

523

June

547

vm

180

142

<M

86

86

70

68

67

61

67

79

128

93

79

52

44

42

39

39

29

26

26

28

20

46

49

52

55

July

34

28

20

28

26

25

24

26

172

156

58

58

48

58

75

69

75

69

69

69

69

64

58

81

58

48

22

18

346

675

455

Aug.

174

156

69

58

202

345

333

156

165

95

102

95

69

58

58

58

56

53

38

38

38

34

30

15

12

15

17

17

15

17

15

Sept.

30

32

34

30

210

393

393

275

132

88

66

50

72

95

95

46

36

308

580

<520

520

275

132

56

£0

40

36

124

124

95

NOTE. No gage-height record Oct. 5,9-12,14, 20,21, 29, Nov. 5, 8,10-13, 20, Dec. 6,20,25,30,31, Jan, 18, 

20, Feb. 5,16,17, Mar. 3, 5, 20, Apr. 14, 20, May 20, June 9, 28, July 5, 6,20, 22, 29, Aug. 5,20, Sept. 5,13, 

and 18; discharge interpolated.

Monthly discharge of South Fork of Sangamon River at power plant, near Taylorville, III., for the year ending September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 510 square miles]

Month

October _ . _ . ____ . ___________

November.. ___ . ______ , .............

February.. ___ . ..........................

AprQ ....................................

July.. __ ...................................

September ___________________

The year. .............................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

7.4 

34 

135 

100 

142 

6,900 

755 

601 

547 

675 

345 

580

6,900

Minimum

0.0 

1.2 

1.2 

29 

29 

67 

149 

86 

20 

18 

12 

30

.0

Mean

0.98 

9.85 

42.5 

43.8 

55.5 

1,560 

304 

199 

89.8 

99.4 

84.0 

105.0

223

Per square 

mile

0.002 

.010 

.083 

.086 

.109 

3.06 

.596 

.390 

.176 

.195 

.165 

.324

.437

Run-sff 

in inches

0.002 

.02 

.10 

.10 

.11 

3.63 

.66 

.45 

.20 

.22 

.19 

.36

5.94

CROOKED CREEK AT RIPLEY, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 33, T. 1 N., R. 2 W., at highway bridge one-fourth mile east of

Ripley, Brown County. 

DRAINAGE AKEA. 1,310 square miles (measured on United States Geological

Survey map of Illinois; scale, 1: 500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 12, 1921, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Chain gage attached to downstream side of bridge; read by Mrs. John

Hess.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI BIVEE BASIN 16T

DISCHAEGE MBASUBEMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of soft mud and clay; control not well 

defined, likely to shift. Banks high; subject to overflow only at extremehigh water.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 16.0 feet 

March 13 (discharge, 5,050 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.00 feet October 

19 (discharge, 10 second-feet).

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 18.2 feet April 11, 1922 (discharge,. 

6,370 second-feet); minimum discharge, 9 second-feet September 8 and 9,. 

1922.

Old high-water mark, date unknown, is at a stage of about 26.0 feet on gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year; affected by ice for 

a short period. Rating curve fairly well defined. Gage read to hundredths 

once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to 

rating table. Records good for medium stages; fair for very low and for 

high stages; poor for ice periods.

Discharge measurements of Crooked Creek at Ripley, Itt., during the year ending

September 80, 1928 

' [Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Apr. 2J-. ........................... ................................................

June 2 ______ ____________________________________

Gage 

height

Feet. 

3.32

3.38

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

140

176.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Crooked Creek at Ripley, III., for the year endings

September SO, 1928

Day

1. ..........

2 _ ...........

3 ...........

4. .. _ .....

5 . .......

6. ... ....

7. ..........

8.. ............

9.. _ . ___ ...

10-...--........

11 ..............

12.... ______

13 

14 ......

15 ___ .........

16 .

17. __ ......

18 . 

19. ___ .......

20.. ........

21 .

22. .........

23 .

24.. .........

25..... .

26 

27 __ . _ .....

28

29 ..........

30 

31. 

Oct.

23

21

22

23

23

23

225

941

79

56

35

35

35

29

20

17

14

10

14

23

30

23

19

17

14

16

20

22

23

26

Nov.

60

68

85

79

73

58

54

51

47

39

34

700

1,270

1,360

1,270

760

285

245

205

190

175

168

160

09

100

92

92

92

85

85

Dec.

7O

79

73

68

60

58

57

57

56

56

56

55

54

45

Jan.

45

53

55

58

108

205

145

108

92

51

47

46

40

38

36

79

100

108

168

168

Feb.

168

152

138

75

Mar.

85

79

79

85

115

122

138

145

152

152

152

4,570

5,050

2,860

2,820

2,640

3,090

3,040

3, (MO

2,780

2,820

2,120

730

700

650

600

600

600

575

575

550

Apr.

650

625

625

500

345

325

325

325

285

265

245

245

205

205

205

190

175

168

138

130

122

138

145

152

168

168

175

175

168

160

May

152

145

145

142

138

130

122

115

62

60

57

2,730

2,680

2,550

2,120

1,060

305

190

880

500

500

175

245

115

85

79

108

115

175

285

365

June

285

175

225

205

205

190

175

160

145

68

62

60

55

50

45

40

42

44

44

42

40

36

33

33

38

40

62

1,060

760

500

July

168

62

115

820

1,720\ 

1,060

1,090

1,030

880

766

475

225

190

175

168

175

79

43

43

46

44

35

22

23

29

37

39

42

47

50

52

Aug.

45

38

23

11

19

115

730

790,

2,600

1,720

1,330

45ft

65

115

115

122

13<T

138

100

73

68

60

56

32

12

115

122

122

138

145

152

Sept.

152

160)

168-

175.

175.

168.

160J

145-

115,

38,

31

2T

22

18

18.

20)

25.

108!

79

68

59

56

21

19

19

345

1,960

3,970

2, 78ft

940;

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 14 to Jan. 12 and Feb. 4-28; discharge estknated. 

from gage-height record, observers notes, records on Spoon River at Seville, and weather records.
168 - SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Monthly discharge of Crooked Creek at Ripley, Itt., for the year ending September 80y

[Drainage area, 1,310 square miles]

Month

October. ____ .. ___ .. _________

April _ -_ -- _ _-.-.,_ .._...

July............ ........ ..................

September ___ .. __ ..... ________

The year ... _______ . ____

, Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

245 

1,360

205

5,050 

650 

2,730 

1,060 

1,720 

2,600 

3,970

5,050

Minimum

10 

34

79 

122 

57 

, 33 

22 

11 

18

10

Mean

39.8 

269 

52.2 

72.4 

83.3 

1,350 

258 

533 

164 

314 

314 

401

323

Per square 

mile

0.030 

.205 

.040 

.055 

.064 

1.03 

.197 

.407 

.125 

.240 

.240 

.306

.247

Run-off 

in inches

0.03 

.23 

.05 

.06 

.07 

1.19 

.22 

.47 

.14 

.28 

.28 

.34

3.36

MACOUPIN CREEK NEAR KAWE, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 7, T. 9 N., R. 11 W., at Chicago & Alton Railway bridge 

3 miles northwest of Kane, Greene County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 865 square miles (measured on United States Geological 

Survey map; scale, 1:500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 11, 1921, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Vertical staff; lower section on old piling between piers, intermediate 

section on left pier, high-water section on transmission line pole on left 

bank 20 feet above bridge until July, 1923, on left abutment after July, 

1923; read by Claude Linn.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge or by wading; during high 

water also at bridges over flood channels one-fourth mile south and oneeighth mile north of main channel.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Control is clay and heavy mud, somewhat shifting. 

At high stages creek overflows above gage into two high-water channels.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 15.75 feet 

March 18 (discharge, 4,400 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.5 foot October 

3, 5, and 15 (discharge, 1 second-foot).

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 21.6 feet March 15, 1922 (discharge, 15,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.5 foot September 29, October 3, 5, and 15,1922 (discharge, 1 second-foot).

High water of 1915 reached a stage of 26.5 feet on present gage.

ACCURACY. During 1923 Macoupin Creek was improved by dredging a new 

channel across bends, decreasing length and increasing slope of stream. 

Dredging began at mouth of creek in spring and reached gage about August 

1. Channel not changed for 150 feet below gage and low-water control 

apparently unchanged. No high water occurred after channel had been 

changed in vicinity of gage. From about May 26 to July 31, stage-discharge 

relation was affected by cofferdams placed for dredging operations. Rating 

curve used October 1 to May 25 fairly well defined, rating curve used May 

26 to July 31 poorly defined, rating curve used after July 31 fairly well 

defined. Gage read to half-tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table except as explained in 

footnote' to table of daily discharge. Records fair for period October 1 to 

May 25; poor for remainder of year.
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 169

Discharge measurements of Macoupin Creek near Kane, III., during the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Sept. 2\. ....................................... .....................................

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.07

4.02

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

137

382

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Macoupin Creek near Kane, III., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 ... ... -

2. ...... .......

S...... ........

4... ...........

5... .

6..............

7..............

8.. ........ .

9 

10... ...........

11- 

12... ___ . ___

13 

14..............

15 ______ . ...

16..............

17..............

18 

Ifl 

20 

21 

22 __ . ___ ....

23--....... .

24 

25..............

26........ _ ...

27... _______

28 

29...- .

30 . 

31 

Oct.

2

1.5

1

1.5

1

2

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2

2.5

2

2.5

1

2.5

2.5

2

3

2

2.5

2.5

3

3

3

2.5

3

3

3

4

4

Nov.

5

6.5

6.5

4

5

6.5

10

8

10

8

6.5

8

6.5

53

46

12

10

8

10

6.5

8

6.5

5

4

3

3

3

2.5

3

2

Dec.

2.5

2

1.5

3

8

5

446

526

220

177

136

27

12

17

12

6

6

4

2

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

5

220

177

136

80

Jan.

80

39

22

12

12

12

20

61

177

12

8

39

12

12

22

20

22

12

8

10

10

5

8

12

5

5

5

5

5

5

4

Feb.

6

12

14

4

4

4

4

4

4

3

4

6

574

760

430

235

208

177

106

36

24

12

12

12

8

22

27

39

Mar.

33

27

22

,27

39

61

100

177

100

100

61

2,440

3,360

2,320

542

3,300

4,100

4,400

1,510

526

385

325

280

235

220

177

163

136

123

106

100

Apr.

85

80

80

90

136

130

100

80

100

80

75

70

111

622

850

590

340

235

177

149

136

142

235

355

205

149

106

100

95

80

May

70

66

53

50

46

42

39

39

39

36

33

39

57

53

123

136

1,190

542

355

235

205

191

130

90

36

184

110

170

184

131

110

June

100

73

184

243

115

69

26

73

26

17

19

526

17

131

90

81

21

56

90

73

13

7

5

5

3

2

303

350

90

43

July

21

28

17

13

7

8

7

1,520

1,300

366

100

57

100

198

81

73

57

184

273

198

43

37

31

43

50

43

26

100

17

7

31

Aug.

5

5

61

12

61

280

235

111

80

177

136

80

61

39

33

39

12

53

12

5

12

5

8

2

2

3

280

46

33

12

220

Sept.

177

KQ

235

280

510

510

355

280

205

205

33

53

39

46

9Q

33

27

39

850

510

370

220

136

80

46

42

80

136

220

295

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 16-23, Feb. 3-11, and 16-21; discharge estimated 

from observer's notes and gage-height and weather records. Gage not read Augt 6, 7, 27, Sept. 3-8, 19, 

and 20; discharge estimated from records of flow of near-by streams and rainfall records.
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART? V

Monthly discharge of Macoupin Creek near Kane, III., for the year ending September 30, 19%3

[Drainage area, 865 square miles]

Month

March _ ....................................

July........................................

September _____ _________ ....

The year. .............................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

4 

53 

526 

177 

760 

4,400 

850 

1,190 

526 

1,520 

280 

850

4,400

Minimum

1 

2 

1.5 

4 

3 

22 

70 

33 

2 

7 

2 

27

1

Mean

2.40 

9.20 

72.5 

22.0 

98.2 

822 

193 

154 

95.0 

162 

68.4 

203

160

Per square 

mile

0.003 

.011 

.084 

.025 

.113 

.950 

.223 

.178 

.110 

.187 

.079 

.235

.185

Run-ofl 

in inches

. 0.003 

.01 

.10 

.03

.12 

1.10 

.25 

.21 

.12 

.22 

.09 

.26

2.51

KASKASKIA BIVEE AT VAHDAIIA, ILL.

LOCATION. In sec. 16, T. 6 N., R. 1 E. third principal meridian, at highway 

bridge at east end of Main Street, Vandalia, Fayette County, 3J^ miles 

above Hickory Creek.

DRAINAGE ABE A. 1,980 square miles. ,

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 26, 1908, to December 31, 1912; August 11, 

1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge; read by Wilson Haley.

DISCHAEGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Measuring section is at a pool; control likely to shift.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 21.6 feet 

March 17 (discharge, 13,700 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.65 foot October 5 and 6 (discharge, 18 second-feet).

1908-1912; 1914-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, 18,800 second-feet 

April 18, 1922; minimum discharge, 3.5 second-feet August 22, 1911.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed slightly March 21; affected by 

ice for a few days in December and February. Both rating curves well 

denned between 30 and 11,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths once 

daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating 

table. Records good.

Discharge measurements of Kaskaskia River at Vandalia, III., during the year

ending September 30, 19%3

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Mar. 16.... _ . __ ... __ ... _ .... _ ................... __ . ..-..-. 

May 23.. ................................................................. ..........

Sept. 17 ................... _ . ___ . _ ........................................

Gage

height

Feet 

18.45

5.21

1.50

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

8,480

882

96.0
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN 171

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kaskaskia River at Vandalia, III., for the year 

ending September SO, 192S

Day

1...... .......

2.... .........

3. __ ........

4. _ .. __ ..

5--.-._ __ ..

6. .........

7. ............

8... ........ ..

9 .

10 . 

11 . 

12.............

13.............

14.............

15.............

16... ..........

17 

IS....... ......

19.............

20 

21.. .......

22........ _ ..

23 

24 . _ ..

25... ......

26 . _ ....

27... ..........

28 

29 _ . __ . ...

30.............

31.. .....

Oct.

19

19

19

19

18

18

395

1,610

435

255

123

116 ' 84

78

72

67

42

42

36

36

35

34

32

31

31

30

30

29

28

2828"

Nov.

28

29

28

28

26

28

26

28

27

26

27

28

30

42

90

84

78

78

72

67

62

53

49

46

42

42

46

49

46

46

Dec.

116

109

102

90

275

475

1,470

3,290

3,000

1,470

690

435

335

275

415

190

160

116

116

116

116

109

109

109

109

109

138

275

600

930

990

Jan.

750

500

395

355

315

295

145

355

198

138

109

90

84

67

550

455

395

395

395

435

435

415

375

355

315

295

315

315

335

335

315

Feb.

2,560

1,260

690

630

525

475

435

395

435

375

395

485

2,880

1,860

1,050

930

660

630

630

600

575

525

475

455

435

415

415

435

Mar.

415

395

395

1,750

1,820

2,360

3,490

2,520

1,960

1,720

1,400

5,490

6,880

7,560

8,320

10,100

13,700

9,820

9,030

8,060

7,100

6,270

5,560

4,830

4,410

4,140

3,290

2,560

2,240

2,000

1,750

Apr.

1,470

1,400

1,300

1,260

1,330

1,680

1,680

1,820

1,750

1,720

1,750

1,680

3,200

4,240

5,770

3,290

2,640

1,820

1,640

1,540

1,400

1,300

1,260

1,120

1,080

990

900 '870

840

810

May

690

630 ^630

575

525

500

475

455

435

415

415

415

415

415

750

1,920

1,890

1,680

1,540

1,330

990

930

870

870

750

630

575

575

550

660

575

June

630

720

630

575

780

455

415

375

339

339

2,200

2,040

750

500

415

395

357

286

286

253

237

221

205

196

182

160

357

660

321

237

July

190

182

175

168

205

339

339

900

720

435

286

253

253

205

205

182

160

139

132

126

119

113

102

102

91

86

81

81

76

76

76

Aug.

237

182

146

182

205

237

455

321

375

600

435

253

375

455

475

435

357

286

237

190

168

146

119

113

107

96

91

107

119

96

91

Sept.

81

1,750-

1,890 750-

475

600-

630

475

269

205

175

435 190>

13» 119'

107

96

102

1,330

1,440'

900=

435

375

303

253

237

205

19fr

435

295.

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 17-25 and Feb. 15 

gage-height record, observer's notes, and weather records.

Monthly discharge of Kaskaskia River at Vandalia, III.,

tember SO, 1928

[Drainage area, 1,980 square miles]

 22; discharge estimated from. 

or the year ending Sep~

Month

April 

June ___ ___ . ....... ...............

July................. ........................

August.. ___________________

The year _ . ..........................

Discharge in seco

Maximum

1,610 

90 

3,290 

750 

2,880 

13,700 

5,770 

1,920 

2,200 

900 

600 

1,890

13,700

Minimum

18 

26 

90 

67 

375 

395 

810 

415 

160 

76 

91 

81

18

IV

4, 

1,

ad-feet

!ean

124 

45.0 

543 

330 

771 

560 

780 

777 

517 

213 

248 

493

870

Per square 

mfle

0.063 

.023 

.274 

.167 

.389 

2.30 

.899 

.392 

.261 

.108 

.125 

.249

.439

Run-off 

in inches;

0.07 

.03 

.32 

.19 

.40 

2.65 

1.00 

.45 

.29 

.12 

.14 

.28

5.94
172

BIG MUDDY RIVER AT PIUMFIELD, ILL.

I/OCATION. In W. 3^ sec. 20, T. 7 S., R. 2 E., at highway bridge in Plumfield, 

Franklin County, 6 miles west of West Frankfort, 13^ miles below mouth 

of Middle Fork, and 2 miles below station formerly maintained at Chicago, 

Burlington & Quincy Railroad bridge.

DRAINAGE AREA. 753 square miles.

BECORDS AVAILABLE. August 18, 1914, to September 30, 1923; June 16, 1908, 

to December 31, 1912, records were obtained at Chicago, Burlington & 

Quincy Railroad bridge.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge; read by Louis Robertson.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Practically permanent at low stages. Banks wooded 

above medium stage. Right bank is overflowed at high stages.-

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 23.0 feet, 

March 19 (discharge, 9,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.70 foot October 

1 and 2 (discharge, 0.5 second-foot).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 30.2 feet February 1, 1916 (discharge, 16,300 second-feet); minimum discharge, no flow, August 18-26, 

1914.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent during year except 

as affected by vegetation at high stages; not affected by ice during winter. 

Rating curve well defined below and fairly well defined above 300 secondfeet. Gage read to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying daily gage height to rating table. Records good for low and 

medium stages; fair for high stages.

Discharge measurements oj Big Muddy River at Plumfield, III., during the year

ending September SO, 1923

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

M&T.15.. ...........................................................................

May 23 _ ......... __ ....... ___ ..... __ __...__.__ ..______ ... . ....

Gage 

height

Feet 

15.62

17.27

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

3,100

2,920
UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIBF

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Big Muddy River at Plumfield, III., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1.... ~-

2... ........ ...

3.. ........ ....

4.... ....... _

5. 

6.. ....... ..

7..............

*- .. .. 

9..............

10..... ......

11.. .......... ..

12..............

13 

14... __ .......

15..............

16..............

17 

18....... .......

19..............

 20 

21 

22...... ........

.23..............

24..............

:25 . .

26... ...........

27 

28..............

29..............

30 . . .

«1. _ ..........

Oct.

0.5

.5

.6

.7

.6

.7

1.8

3.4

4.2

94

62

31

19

14

12

12

11

5.8

12

12

12

8.8

8.0

6.8

6.2

5.0

4.6

3.2

3.0

3.2

2.2

Nov.

2.6

1.6

1.8

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.8

3.0

3.0

3.2

5.8

7.0

8.0

8.8

9.8

9.5

9.0

8.8

7.0

6.0

5.0

5.0

5.5

6.2

7.2

7.5

7.8

Dee.

7

7

7

25

69

108

181

258

666

634

296

151

69

42

31

25

21

19

14

12

10 x 10

9

8

8

7

1,150

1,840

2,000

2,400

2,800

Jan.

2,850

2,750

2,480

2,080

1,300

602

213

126

103

90

85

77

66

77

151

480

570

309

151

98

213

682

946

1,010

730

246

666

1,150

1,400

1,480

1,250

Feb.

1,740

2,650

3,840

5,060

5,140

4,620

3,780

2,750

1,590

895

435

270

997

1,380

1,650

1,770

1,590

895

336

191

126

103

90

81

77

336

963

1,280

Mar.

1,450

1,180

912

682

844

1,230

1,620

1,840

2,120

2,080

1,680

2,120

2,360

2,900

3,400

4,980

7,230

8,900

9,000

8,100

6,780

5,620

4,480

3,600

3,000

2,200

1,210

698

296

151

116

Apr.

90

77

73

73

336

586

794

827

698

510

336

202

714

1,380

1,840

2,280

2,560

2,600

2,050

1,500

666

378

270

171

112

85

77

103

171

202

May

191

141

103

406

555

322

161

,94

62

45

116

181

90

52

2,240

3,230

4,650

5,210

5,590

5,280

4,650

3,810

2,940

2,12%

1,390

844

322

246

282

322

450

June

746

555

270

141

90

66

52

42

42

42

66

682

1,170

1,450

1,590

1, 430

666

270

121

77

55

121

131

66 39

27

23

19

17

15

July

36

29

22

18

15

13

11

10

9

8

8

10

131

85

48

94

108

141

108

77

48

29

22

17

14

11

10

9

8

7

7

Aug.

6

6

6

9

650

1,230

1,650

1,880

2,060

2,060

1,670

1,060

435

131

66

48

698

1,290

1,470

1,510

1,190

827

1,130

1,310

1,370

1,100

364

126

69

48

39

Sept.

42

121

322

378

495

420

929

1,120

1,080

1,050

450

, 141

112

103

85

62

42

34

270

465

480

570

336

161

94

62

42

34

29

27

NOTE. Qage not read Mar. 2, Apr. 19, and Sept. 9; discharge interpolated.

Monthly discharge of Big Muddy River at Plumfield, III., for the year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 753 square miles]

Month

April ___ .. _ . __ ................

jJune

July ____ __ . ____________

'The year.., ...... _ .... __ . ...

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

94.0 

9.8 

2,800 

2,850 

5,140 

9,000 

2,600 

5,590 

1,590 

141 

2,060 

1,120

9,000

Minimum

0.5 

1.6

7 

66 

77 

116 

73 

45 

15 

7 

6 

27

.5

Mean

11.6 

5.29 

416 

788 

1,590 

2,990 

725 

1,490 

336 

37.5 

850 

319

790

Per square 

mile

0.015 

.007 

.552 

1.05 

2.11 

3.97 

.963 

1.98 

.446 

.050 

1.13 

.424

1.05

Run-off 

in inches

0.02 

.008 

.64 

1.21 

2.20 

4.58 

1.07 

2.28 

.50 

.06 

1.30 

.47

14.34
174 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V 

BIG MUDDY RIVER AT MUBPHYSBOSO, HI.

LOCATION. In SW. J^ SQC. 8, T. 9 S., R. 2 W., at lower highway bridge on South 

Twentieth Street, MWphysboro, Jackson County, a quarter of a mile below 

mouth of Louis Creek and Mobile & Ohio Railway bridge.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,170 square miles (measured on map of United States Geological Survey; scale, 1:500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. December 6, 1916, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to bridge; read by Clarence Jacobs.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of heavy clay; likely to shift.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or bywading.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 31.83 feet. 

March 22 (discharge not determined because of backwater from Mississippi 

River); minimum stage, 1.70 feet October 1 and 2 (discharge, 4.0 secondfeet).

1917-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, 15,600 second-feet January 

10, 1917; minimum discharge, 1.0 second-foot August 1, 1921.

The highest known stage of this river occurred about February 2, 1916,, 

when a stage of 39.6 feet on the present gage was reached (discharge, ascertained from extension of rating curve, 28,000 second-feet).

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed during high water of March j. 

affected by backwater from Mississippi River whenever height on United 

States Weather Bureau gage at Chester, 111., is above about 10 feet; not 

affected by ice. Rating curve used October 1 to March 12 well denned between 10 and 600 second-feet, fairly well denned beyond these limits; curveused July 28 to September 30 poorly defined. Gage read to hundredth^ 

once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to 

rating table; not determined for periods of backwater. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Big Muddy River at Murphysboro, Itt., during the yearending September SO, 1923

[Made by H. E. Grosbach]

Date

Oct. 27.. ........ -. .-__.-.._.._..__._._.__,___.. _ ................ ___ . ___

Mar. 15. ......................... _ ......................... __ .... ___ .. __ .

Sept. 20.......................................................... ___ ..... __ ..

height

Feet 

2.23

«23.60

*6.71

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

17.6

8,270

1,250

 Stage-discharge relation affected by backwater from Mississippi River.

* Rapidly rising stage.
UPPEE MISSISSIPPI EIVEB BASIN 175

Daily gage lielght, in feet, of Big Muddy River at Murphy sboro, III., for the year

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1... _____

2..............

2... .._.._..

4 __ ... _ ....

5 _ .. -......

6... ............

7... ...........

8..............

9. .......

10..............

11... ...........

12..............

13..............

14..............

15... ......... ..

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

 31... ........ ...

22..............

3&.. ............

24..............

'25..............

"26..............

 27 __ ..........

28....... .......

1» ..-.-......

30..............

31 __ ..........

Oct.

1.70

1.70

1.72

1.74

1.72

1.74

2.01

2.16

2.94

3.71

3.56

3.46

3.41

3.16

3.01

2.96

2.90

2.86

2.76

2.76

2.71

2 66

2.46

2.36

2.36

2.30

2.26

2.21

2.01

1.96

2.01

Nov.

2.16

2.26

2.36

2.31

2.16

2.16

2.10

2.10

2.10

2.10

2. 06

1.86

2.26

2.46

2.40

2.44

2.40

2.86

2.82

2.78

2.78

2.76

2.74

2.60

2.48

2.38

2.34

2.26

2.18

2.14

Dec.

2.12.

2.16

2.18

2.16

2.76

3.66

4.06

5.66

6.96

7.71

7.96

6.46

5.41

4.96

3.76

3.46

3.26

3.08

2.96

2.84

3.69

2.53

2.55

2.53

3.00

5.45

6.15

9.95

12.37

16.37

18.47

Jan.

18.67

18.97

17.17

16.47

13.17

12.47

11.27

9.15

8.45

8.00

6.85

5.55

4.45

4.05

3.45

5.70

5.85

5.45

5.25

5.40

6.30

10.37

10.52

10.57

10.72

10.97

11.37

15.57

18.72

20.79

23.89

Feb.

24.54

24.74

24.99

25.79

26.49

27.44

26.74

24.59

23.49

20.79

17.77

14.42

14.22

14.07

15.07

12.92

11.55

10.97

9.20

8.45

6.70

5.10

4.95

4.15

4.05

5.35

8.35

12.07

Mar.

11.27

10.12

11.17

11.11

12.22

13.17

14.27

16.47

16.02

15.42

16.52

19.42

20.81

24.29

28.59

28.69

29.94

29.99

30.45

31.77

31.83

28.44

28.69

27.64

25.69

22.63

20.69

16.52

12.67

9.15

Apr.

6.64

6.24

5.99

5.54

8.49

8.19

7.44

6.14

6.54

6.94

8.14

8.58

11.71

15.26

17.66

17.71

19.66

18.66

16.91

15.96

14.26

12.20

8.94

7.34

6.74

6.34

6.19

5.74

5.54

5.64

May

5.69

5.69

5.34

7.84

10.16

10.56

9.84

4.84

5.64

5.09

4.69

4.54

4.64

4.79

22.34

24.38

25.68

26.88

29.03

28.58

29.48

28.58

30.03

28.48

23.12

20.18

18.46

14.36

11.36

12.01

10.16

June

9.34

9.09

8.34

6.44

6.04

5.59

5.19

4.24

4.19

3.99

3.84

6.44

8.94

12.26

12.36

12.30

12.20

12.56

12.26

11.31

8.74

8.44

7.24

7.54

8.04

7.39

6.14

5.04

4.34

4.74

July

5.04

5.44

6.24

6.44

6.74

7.69

8.74

8.44

8.39

8.34

8.34

7.94

5.34

4.74

414

3.93

5.78

4.93

4.33

4.28

4.18

3.93

3.53

3.33

3.13

2.83

2.63

2.53

2.43

2.38

2.23

Aug.

2.33

2.35

2.13

2.93

4.23

9.53

13.40

13.95

14.65

15.45

16.20

16.50

14.85

10.65

7.53

8.23

10.31

13.21

16.85

16.90

16.75

14.55

12.35

10.31

10.10

9.38

8.68

7.38

5.38

4.53

3.73

Sept.

4.78

5.53

6.43

5.88

5.93

6.73

7.58

7.53

8.78

9.58

8.53

7.53

5.43

4.33

3.78

3.63

3.53

3.63

3.68

7.68

10.95

10.65

8.88

6.33

5.03

4.23

3.73

3.53

3.33 s.ia

NOTE. Gage not read Mar. 14.
176 SURFACE WATER SUPPI/Y, 1923, PART V

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Big Muddy River at Murphysboro, 'Itt.,for the' 

ending September SO,

Day

1. .................

2.................. _ ....

3........... .

4................

5..................

6..

7................

8...........

9... ...... .

10. __ .

11. ..............

12.... .............

13 _ ........

14..-. __._..____

15...............

16..........................

17...............

18.. .

19..........:......... . ..

20 ____ .......

21....... ......

22 .

23..

24

25

26...................

27...............

28.............

29. .._ __._

30 . . ......

31. .......

Oct.

4

4

4

5

4

5

11

16

KJJ

170

TA(\

76

60

KJJ

52

48

42

AC)

on

36

99

99

on

1 A

17

11

10

11

Nov.

16

19

99

20

16

16

14

14

14

14

10

7

19

26

94.

26

94.

48

4K.

AK

4K.

A()

Af)

00

97

OQ

22

19

16

15

Dec.

15

16

16

16

Af)

160

240

640

1,000

1,210

1,300

OCA

565

465

180

121

89

70

56

48

170

Qfl <*fi

OA

60

ECK

1 900

2, 760

4,650

5,700

Jan.

5,800

e QCfi

5 AC A

4,700

0 AQrt

2,800

2,360

1,660

1,420

1,300

940

615

01 K.

240

121

640

665

565

515

565

790

9 fun

2,080

2,110

2,140

9 9in

2; 390

A OKfl

5,800

6 Qd.fi

8,640

Feb.

9 nnn

9 19A

9,300

9 780

10,200

10,700

10,300

9 060

8,410

ft cun

5,350

3

fiEA

0 CCA

3,500

4,000

9 QfiA

9 4fiH

2 OCA

1,660

1,420

910 -ion

466

97A

94ft

565

1,420

9 fttft

Mar.

2,320

1 940

2,320

9 OA(\

2,680

3,090

0 ftf]f\

4,700

J AKf\

4,150

4,700

6,170

July

73

61

56

43

Aug.

52

54

36

118

OCA

1,880

3,340

2,080

1,840

1,630

1,240

640

415

250

Sept.

4901

67& 940'

79& Ton

1,030

1,300

1,270

1,660

1,910

1,570

1,27ft 640>

370'

270>

230 220'

23»

250>

1,330

2,400>

2,26ft

1,690'

910>

540>

350)

250-

22CN

182.

148-

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by backwater from Mississippi River Mar. 13 to July 27 andi 

August 8-24; discharge not determined.

Monthly discharge of Big Muddy River at Murphysboro, III., for the year ending

September 80, 1923

[Drainage area, 2,170 square miles]

Month

October ____________________

November ___________________

December ___________________

January. __

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

170 

48 

5,700 

8,640 

10,700 

2,400

Minimum

4 

7 

15 

121 

240 

148

Mean

40.7 

24.2 

766 

2,540 

4,660 

873

Per square 

mile

a 019

.011 

.353 

1.17 

2.15 

.402

Run-off 

in inches

0.02 

.01 

.41 

1.3ft

2.23, 

.45.

MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS

The following discharge measurement was made at the old gaging station on 

Kinnikinnic River near River Falls, Wis.:

Oct. 10, 1922: Gage-height, 3.93 feet; discharge, 84 second-feet.
STREAM-GAGING STATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 

RELATING TO WATER RESOURCES

INTRODUCTION

Investigation of water resources by the United States Geological 

Survey has consisted in large part of measurements of the- volume of 

flow of streams and studies of the conditions affecting that How, but 

it has comprised also investigation of such closely allied subjects a® 

irrigation, water storage, water powers, underground waters, and' 

quality of waters. Most of the results of these investigations havebeen published in the series of water-supply papers, but some haveappeared in the bulletins, monographs, professional papers, and annual reports.

The results of stream-flow measurements are now published! annually in 12 parts, each part covering an area whose boundaries coincide with natural drainage features as indicated below:

Part I. North Atlantic slope basins (St. John River to York River)..

II. South Atlantic slope and eastern Gulf of Mexico basins (Jaone& River to> 

the Mississippi).

III. Ohio River basin.

IV. St. Lawrence River basin.

V. Upper Mississippi River and Hudson Bay basins.

VI. Missouri River basin. 

VII. Lower Mississippi River basin. 

VIII. Western Gulf of Mexico basins.

IX. Colorado River basin.

X. Great basin.

XI. Pacific Slope basins in California.

XII. North Pacific slope basins, published in three volumes:

A, Pacific slope basins in Washington and upper Columbia Riverbasin.

B, Snake River basin. 

C, Lower Columbia River basin and Pacific slope basins in OregonHOW GOVERNMENT REPORTS MAY BE OBTAINED OB CONSULTED

Water-supply papers and other publications of the United StatesGeological Survey containing data in regard to the water resources 

of the United States may be obtained or consulted as indicated below:

1. Copies may be purchased at nominal cost from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washingtony 

D. C., who will, on application, furnish lists giving prices.

2. Sets of the reports may be consulted in the libraries of theprincipal cities of the United States.

177
178 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

3. Complete sets are available for consultation in the local offices 

of the water-resources branch of the Geological Survey, as follows:

Boston, Mass., 2500 Customhouse. 

Albany, N. Y., 704 Journal Building. 

Trenton, N. J., Statehouse. 

Charlottesville, Va., University of Virginia. 

Asheville, N. C., 316 Jackson Building. 

Chattanooga, Tenn., 37 Municipal Building.

Columbus, Ohio, Engineering Experiment Station, Ohio State University,

Chicago, 111., 950 Transportation Building. 

Madison, Wis., care of Railroad Commission of Wisconsin. 

Ames, Iowa, State Highway Commission Building. 

Rolla, Mo., Rolla Building, School of Mines and Metallurgy. 

Topeka, Kans., 23 Federal Building. 

Helena, Mont., 45-46 Federal Building. 

Denver, Colo., 403 Post Office Building. 

Salt Lake City, Utah, 313 Federal Building. 

Idaho Falls, Idaho, 228 Federal Building. 

Boise, Idaho, Federal Building. 

Tacoma, Wash., 404 Federal Building. 

Portland, Oreg., 606 Post Office Building. 

San Francisco, Calif., 303 Customhouse. 

Los Angeles, Calif., 600 Federal Building.

Tucson, Ariz., Room 106, College of Law Building, University of Arizona. 

Austin, Tex., State Captol. 

Honolulu, Hawaii, 25 Capitol Building.

A list of the Geological Survey's publications may be obtained by 

^applying to the Director, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D. C,

STREAM-FLOW REPORTS

Stream-flow records have been obtained at about 5,600 points in 

the United States, and the data obtained have been published in the 

reports tabulated on page 184.

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey 

[A=Annual Report; B=Bulletin; W=Water-Supply Paper]

Report

lQthA,pt. 2 ~ _

HthA.pt. 2... ____

12th A, pt. 2 ______ ..

13th A, pt. 3 ______ .

14th A, pt. 2. .... ... .

B131-. .. .... .....

16thA, pt. 4. ........ ...

B MO.. .................

Wll....................

18thA.pt. 4. ........

*

was....... -

Character of data

... ..do.-...... ... . . ..... ... ................ .

ly discharge (also many data covering earlier years) .

(also similar data for some earlier years).

States, eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River above 

junction with Kansas.

Yaw

ber, 1890. 

1884 to June 30,

,1891. 

1884 to Dec. 31,

1892. 

1888 to Dec. 31,

1893. 

1893 and 1894.

1895.

1896.

1895 and 1896.

1897.
STBEAM-GAGING STATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey Continued

Report

W16. .......

19th A, pt. 4 __ ........

W27-. ..............

W28 . 

20th A, pt. 4 __ ........

W 35 to 39..... _ ......

21st A, pt. 4..... .....

W 47 to 52-.... __ .....

22dA, pt. 4. ............

W65, 66...... ..........

W75 .................

W 82 to 85 __ ...........

W 97 to 100-.. ..........

W 124 to 135-.- ___ ...

W 165 to 178... .........

W 201 to 214.. .........

W 241 to 252.... __ ....

W 261 to 272.-.-.. ...

W 281 to 292. ...........

W 301 to 312- ..........

W 321 to 332 - - _ ..

W 351 to 362.... ........

W 381 to 394.. ____ ...

W 401 to 414-... ... ..

W 431 to 444.-.. ... ..

W 451 to 464. _ ........

W 471 to 484.. ..........

W 601 to 614.. ..........

W 521 to 534....... ..

W 541 to 554- ..........

W 561 to 574......... _

Character of data

sissippi River below junction^of Missouri and Platte, and 

western United States.

(also some long-time records).

eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River.

western United States.

... ..do.-_ _ . 

.... .do....... .......... ...... . .. . ... 

..-.do..... . .._ . .. 

 -_do.-_ ....... .......... ........ .. . .

... ..do....... ............. .......... . .

 -.do... 

-- do-- - 

..... do...... ..... ..... ................... ........ ......

.....do _ 

 ._do-_ _. 

 -do--- 

.... .do.-. 

 do... . 

 -do-_ . 

 do-. ......... ..... ... ... ...

 do..- . . 

..... do....... .... .......... ...... ... ..... ...... ....

 do.-. ........ ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...

.... . do . 

Year

1897.

1897.

1898.

1898.

1898.

1899.

1899.

1900.

1900.

1901.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

1905.

1906.

1907-8.

1909.

1910.

1911.

1912.

1913.

1914.

1915.

1916.

1917.

1918.

1919-20.

1921.

1922.

1923.

NOTE. No data regarding stream flow are given in the 15th and 17th annual reports.

The records at most of the stations discussed in these reports 

extend over a series of years, and miscellaneous measurements at 

many points other than regular gaging stations have been madeeach year. An index of the reports containing records obtained 

prior to 1904 has been published in Water-Supply Paper 119.

The following table gives, by years and drainage basins, the numbers of the papers on surface-water supply published from 1899 to> 

1923. The data for any particular station will, as a rule, be found in 

the reports covering the years during which the station was maintained. For example, data for Machias River at Whitneyville^. 

Maine, 1903 to 1921, are published in Water-Supply Papers, 97, 124,. 

165, 201, 241, 261, 281, 301, 321, 351, 381, 401, 431, 451, 471, 501, and 

521, which contain records for the New England streams from 190? 

to 1921. Results of miscellaneous measurements are published by 

drainage basins.
Numbers of water-supply papers containing results of stream 

[For basins included, see p. 177]

JL cdl

IfiOQ a

1900 »--. -

1901 

1902 

1903 

1904... ......

lOfW

IQflfl

1907-8 

1909 

1910 -

1911

101 9

1913 

1Q14

1Q1 K

1916 

1917 

1918 

1 Ql Q_9fl

1Q91

1922 

1923 

I

35

47, *48

65,75

82

97

» 124,« 125," 126

» 165, « 166,i> 167

» 201,° 202,i> 203

241

261

281

301

321

351

381

401

431

451

471

501

521

541

561

II

* 35. 36

48

65,75

*82,83

* 97, 98

v 126, 127

» 167, 168

"203,204

242

262

282

9no

322

352

382

402

432

452

472

502

522

542

562

III

36

48, *49

65,75

83

98

128

IRQ

205

243

263

283

303

323

353

383

403

433

453

473

503

523

543

563

IV

36

49

65,75

! 82, 83

97

129

170

206

244

264

284

304

324

354

184

404,

434

454

474

504

524

544

564

V

Qft

49

* 65, 66, 75

*83, 85

*98,99, "»100

* 128, 130

171

9fl7

245

265

285

305

355

385

405

435 '455

475

505

525

545

565

VI

49, >50

66,75

84

99

130, « 131

208

94fi

266

286

9flC

356

386

406

436

456

476

506

526

546

 566

VII

07

50

* 65, 66, 75

*83, 84

*98, 99

* 128, 131

* 169, 173

* 205, 209

247

267

287

307

327

357

387

407

437

457

477

507

547

567

VIII

17

50

66,75

84

QQ

132

174

91 fl

248

268

288

308

328

358

388

408

438

458

478

508

528

548

568

<* Eating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 35-39 contained in Water-Supply 

Paper 39. Monthly discharge for 1899 in Twenty-first Annual Eeport, Part IV.

* James River only.

e Qallatin River.

d Green and Qunnison Rivers and Grand River above junction with Gunnison.

* Mohave River only.

/ Kings and Kern Rivers and south Pacific slope basins.

' Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 47-52 and data on precipitation, 

wells, and irrigation in California and Utah contained in Water-Supply Paper 52. 

Monthly discharge for 1900 in Twenty-second Annual Report, Part IV.

* Wissahickon and SchuylMll Rivers to James River.

* Scioto River.

i Loup and Platte 

with Platte.

* Tributaries of M

! Lake Ontario an

m Hudson Bay onl

» New England riv

 Hudson River to 

* Susquehanna Ri

« Platte and Kans

r Great Basin in C

 Below junction w

1 Rogue, Umpqua
GAGING STATIONS 181 

\

In these papers and in the following lists the stations are arranged 

In downstream order. The main stem of any river is determined 

by measuring or estimating its drainage area that is, the headwater 

stream having the largest drainage area is considered the continuation of the main stream, and local changes in name and lake surface 

are disregarded. .All stations from the source to the mouth of the 

main stem of the river are presented first, and the tributaries in 

regular order from source to mouth follow, the streams in each 

tributary basin being listed before those of the next basin below.

In exception to this rule, the records for Mississippi River are 

given hi four parts, as indicated on page 177, and the records for 

large lakes are taken up in order of streams around the rim of the 

lake.

PRINCIPAL STREAMS

The Hudson Bay and upper Mississippi River basins include 

streams whose waters reach Hudson Bay and the Mississippi above 

its junction with the Ohio (except the Missouri). The principal 

streams flowing into Hudson Bay from the United States are St. 

Mary River, Red River, and Rainy River. The principal tributaries 

of the upper Mississippi are Crow Wing, Sauk, Crow, Rum, Minnesota, St. Croix, Chippewa, Zumbro, Black, Root, Wisconsin, Wapsipinicon, Rock, Iowa, Des Moines, Illinois, and Kaskaskia Rivers. 

These streams drain wholly or in part the States of Illinois, Indiana, 

Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, 

and Wisconsin.

In addition to the list of gaging stations and the annotated list of 

publications relating specifically to the section, these pages contain a 

similar list of reports that are of general interest in many sections 

and cover a wide range of hydrologic subjects, and also brief references 

to reports published by State and other organizations. (See pp. 191- 

192.)

GAGING STATIONS

NOTE. Dash after a date indicates tbat station was being maintained September 30,1928. Period after 

« date indicates discontinuance.

HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE BASIN

St. Mary River near Babb (formerly dam site), Mont., 1902-

St. Mary River below Swiftcurrent Creek, at Babb, Mont., 1901-2; 1910-1915.

St. Mary River near Kimball, Alberta, 1902-

St. Mary Canal at intake, near Babb, Mont., 1918-

;St. Mary Canal at St. Mary crossing, near Babb, Mont., 1918-

St. Mary Canal at Hudson Bay Divide, near Browning, Mont., 1917-'

Swiftcurrent Creek at Many Glacier, Mont., 1912-

Swiftcurrent Creek -at Sherburne, Mont., 1912-

Swiftcurrent Creek near Babb (formerly Wetzel), Mont., 1902-1910.

Canyon Creek near Many Glacier, Mont., 1918-

Kennedy Creek near Babb (formerly Wetzel), Mont., 1903-1907. ,
182 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Ottertail River (head of Red River) at German Church, near Fergus Falls, Minn.,

1913-1917.

Ottertail River near Fergus Falls, Minn., 1904-1913. 

Red River near Fergus Falls, Minn., 1909-10. 

Red River at Fargo, N. Dak., 1901- 

Red River at Grand Forks, N. Dak., 1901- 

Red River at Pembina, N. Dak., 1901. 

Red River at Emerson, Manitoba, 1900-1902.

Pelican River near Fergus Falls, Minn., 1909-1912. 

Bois des Sioux River near Tenney, Minn., 1919-

Mustinka River above Wheaton, Minn., 1917; 1919- 

Mustinka River near Wheaton, Minn., 1916. 

Wild Rice River near Wild Rice, N. Dak., 1919. 

Sheyenne River at Valley City, N. Dak., 1919. 

Sheyenne River at Haggart, N. Dak., 1902-1907; 1919. 

Wild Rice River at Twin Valley, Minn., 1909-.1917. 

Devils Lake near Devils Lake, N. Dak., 1901-1920. 

Red Lake River at Thief River Falls, Minn., 1909-1918; 1920- 

Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn., 1901-

Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn., 1909-1917; 1920-1921; 1922- 

Clearwater River at Red Lake Falls, Minn., 1909-1917. 

South Branch of Two Rivers at Halloek, Minn., 1911-1914. 

Pembina River at Neehe, N. Dak., 1903-1915; 1919- 

Roseau River at Caribou, Minn., 1917; 1920- 

Roseau River at Dominion City, Canada, 1912.

West Branch of Roseau River near Malung, Minn., 191 1-1914.. 

Mouse River near Foxholm, N. Dak., 1904-1906. 

Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak., 1903-

Des Lacs River at Foxholm, N. Dak., 1904-1906. 

Rainy Lake at Rainier, Minn., 1910-1917. 

Rainy River at International Falls, Minn., 1907-1917.

Kawishiwi River near Winton, Minn., 1905-1907; 1912-1919. 

Vermilion River below Lake Vermilion, near Tower, Miim^ 1911-1917.. 

Little Fork at Little Fork, Minn., 1909-1917. 

Big Fork at Big Falls, Minn., 1909-1912. 

Big Fork at Laurel, Minn., 1909. 

Black River near Loman, Minn., 1909.

UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN

Mississippi River above Sandy River, Minn., 1895-1915. 

Mississippi River near Fort Ripley, Minn., 1909-10. 

Mississippi River near Sauk Rapids, Minn., 1903-1906. 

Mississippi River at Elk River, Minn., 1915- 

Mississippi River at Anoka, Minn., 1905-1914. 

Mississippi River at St. Paul, Minn., 1873-

Sandy River below Sandy Lake reservoir, Minn., 1898-1916..

Pine River below Pine River reservoir, Minn., 1886-1916.

Prairie River near Grand Rapids, Minn., 1909.

Crow Wing River at Nimrod, Minn., 1910-1914.

Crow Wing River at Motley, Minn., 1909; 1913-1917.

Crow Wing. River at Pillager, Minn., 1903; 1909^-1913.

Long Prairie River near Motley, Minn., 1909-1917.

Sauk River near St. Cloud, Minn., 1909-1913.

Elk River near Big Lake, Minn., 1911-1917.
GAGING STATIONS 183

Mississippi River tributaries Continued.

Crow River at Rockford, Minn., 1909-1917. 

Crow River near Dayton, Minn., 1906.

North Fork of Crow River near Rockford, Minn., 1909-10.

South Fork of Crow River near Rockford, Minn., 1909-1912. 

Rum River at Onamia, Minn., 1909-1912. 

Rum River at Cambridge, Minn., 1909-1914. 

Rum River at St. Francis, Minn., 1903 

Rum River near Anoka, Minn., 1905-6; 1909. 

Minnesota River near Odessa, Minn., 1909-1913. 

Minnesota River near Montevideo, Minn., 1909- 

Minnesota River near Mankato Minn., 1903-

Whetstone River near Big Stone, S. Dak., 1910-1912.

Lac qui Parle River at Lac qui Parle, Minn., 1910-1914.

Chippewa River near Watson, Minn., 1909-1917.

Redwood River near Redwood Falls, Minn., 1909-1914.

Cottonwood River near New Ulm, Minn., 1909-1913.

Blue Earth River at Rapidan Mills, Minn., 1909-10. 

St. Croix River at Swiss, Wis., 1914- 

St. Croix River near St. Croix Falls, Wis., 1910-

Namakagon River at Trego, Wis., 1914-

Yellow River at Webster, Wis., 1914.

Kettle River near Sandstone, Minn., 1908-1917.

Snake River at Mora, Minn., 1909-1913.

Snake River near Pine City, Minn., 1913-1917.

Apple River near Somerset, Wis., 1901-

Kinnikinnic River near River Falls, Wis., 1916-1921. 

Cannon River at Welch, Minn., 1909-1914. 

<Dhippewa River at Bishops Bridge, near Winter, Wis., 1912- 

<Dhippewa River near Bruce, Wis., 1914- 

-Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis., 1888- 

Chippewa River near Eau Claire, Wis., 1902-1909.

West Fork of Chippewa River near Winter, Wis., 1911-1916.

Flambeau River near Butternut, Wis., 1914-

Flambeau River near Lady smith, Wis., 1914-

Flambeau River at Ladysmith, Wis., 1903-1906.

Jump River at Sheldon, Wis., 1915-

Eau Claire River near Augusta, Wis., 1914-

Eau Claire River near Eau Claire, Wis., 1913-14.

Red Cedar River near Colfax, Wis., 1914-

Red Cedar River at Cedar Falls, Wis., 1909-

Red Cedar River at Menominee, Wis., 1907-8; 1913- 

2umbro River at Zumbro Falls, Minn., 1909-1917.

South Branch of Zumbro River near Zumbro Falls, Minn., 1911-1917. 

Trempealeau River at Dodge, Wis., 1913-1919. 

Black River at Neillsville, Wis., 1905-1909; 1913- 

Black River at Melrose, Wis., 1902-3. 

.La Crosse River near West Salem, Wis., 1913- 

Hoot River near Houston, Minn., 1909-1917.

North Branch of Root River near Lanesboro, Minn., 1910-1917. 

Upper Iowa River near Decorah, Iowa, 1913-14; 1919- 

Wisconsin River near Rhinelander, Wis., 1905-1915. 

"Wisconsin River at Whirlpool Rapids, near Rhinelander, Wis., 1915-^
184 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Mississippi- River tributaries Continued. 

Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis., 1902- 

Wisconsin River at Knowlton, Wis., 1921- 

Wisconsin River near Nekoosa, Wis., 1914 

Wisconsin River near Neceda, Wis., 1902-1914. 

Wisconsin River at Muscoda, Wis., 1902-3; 1913-

Tomahawk River near Bradley, Wis., 1914-

Prairie River near Merrill, Wis., 1914-

Little Rita River near Wausau, Wis., 1914-1916.

Eau Claire River at Kelly, Wis,, 1914-

Big Eau Pleine River near Stratford, 'Wis., 1914-

Plover River near Stevens Point, Wis., 1914-1919.

Baraboo River near Baraboo, Wis., 1913-1922.

Kickapoo River at Gays Mills, Wis., 1913- 

Turkey River at Garber, Iowa, 1913-1916; 1919- 

Maquoketa River above mouth of North Fork, near Maqttoketa, Iowa,

1913-14.

Maquoketa River at Manchester, Iowa, 1903. 

Maquoketa River below North Fork of Maquoketa River,, near Maquoketa,

Iowa, 1913-

Wapsipinicon River at Stone City, Iowa, 1903-1914. 

Rock River at Watertown, Wis., 1914. 

Rock River at Afton, Wis., 1914-

Rock River above mouth of Pecatonica River, at Rockton, 111., 1903. 

Rock River below mouth of Pecatonica River, at Rockton, 111., 1903-1909. 

Rock River at Rockford, 111., 1914-1919. 

Rock River near Nelson, 111., 1906. 

Rock River at Sterling, 111., 1905-6. 

Rock River at Lyndon, 111., 1914-

Catfish River at Madison, Wis., 1902-3.

Lake Mendota at Madison, Wis., 1902-3.

Yahara River near Edgerton, Wis., 1916-17.

Pecatonica River at Dill, Wis., 1914-1919.

Pecatonica River at Freeport, 111., 1914-

Sugar River near Brodhead, Wis., 1914 

Iowa River near Iowa Falls, Iowa, 1911-1914. 

Iowa River at Marshalltown, Iowa, 1903; 1915- 

lowa River at Iowa City, Iowa, 1903-1906; 1913- 

lowa River at Wapello, Iowa, 1915-

Cedar River near Austin, Minn., 1909-1914.

Cedar River at Janesville, Iowa, 1905-6; 1915-

Cedar River at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 1903-

Shellrock River near Clarksville, Iowa, 1915 

Skunk River near Ames, Iowa, 1920- 

Skunk River at Coppock, Iowa, 1913- 

Skunk River at Augusta, Iowa, 1913; 1915-

Squaw Creek at Ames, Iowa, 1919- 

Des Moines River at Jackson, Minn., 1909-1913. 

Des Moines River at Fort Dodge, Iowa, 1905-6; 1911-1913. 

Des Moines River at Kalo, Iowa, 1913- 

Des Moines River near Boone, Iowa, 1920- 

Des Moines River at Des Moines, Iowa, 1902-3; 1905-6; 1914- 

Des Moines, River near Tracy, Iowa, 1920- 

Des Moines River at Ottumwa, Iowa, 1917-
GAGING STATIONS 185

Mississippi River tributaries Continued.

Des Moines River at Keosauqua, Iowa, 1903-1906; 1910-

Raccoon River at Van Meter, Iowa, 1915-

Raccoon River near Des Moines, Iowa, 1902-3.

Sugar Creek near Keokuk, Iowa, 1922- 

Fox River near Wayland, Mo., 1922- 

Wyaconda River near Canton, Mo., 1922-

North Fabius River (head of Fabius River) at Monticello, Mo., 1922- 

Salt River near New London, Mo., 1922- 

Cuivre River near Troy, Mo., 1922-

Des Plaines River (head of Illinois River) at Riverside, 111., 1896-1898. 

Des Plaines River at Lemont, 111., 1914- 

Des Plaines River at Romeo, 111., 1914. 

Des Plaines River at Joliet, 111., 1914- 

Des Plaines River above mouth of Jackson Creek, near Channahon, 111.,.

1903-1906.

Des Plaines River above Kankakee River, near Channahon, 111., 1902-3. 

Illinois River near Minooka, 111., 1903-4. 

Illinois River at Morris, 111., 1919- 

Illinois River near Seneca, 111., 1902 3. 

Illinois River near Ottawa, 111., 1902-1904. 

Illinois River near La Salle, 111., 1902-3. 

Illinois River at Peoria, 111., 1910- 

Illinois River near Peoria, 111., 1903-1906. 

Illinois River at Havana, 111., 1921- 

Illinois River at Beardstown, 111., 1920-

Kankakee River at Davis, Ind., 1905-6.

Kankakee River at Momence, 111., 1905-6; 1914-

Kankakee River at Custer Park, 111., 1914 

Yellow River at Knox, Ind., 1905-6. 

Iroquois River near Chebanse, 111., 1923-

Fox River at Algonquin, 111., 1915-

Fox River at South Elgin, 111., 1914-15.

Fox River at Aurora, 111., 1914.

Fox River at Sheridan, 111., 1905-6.

Fox River at Wedron, BL, 1914-

Fox River at Ottawa, 111., 1903.

Vermilion River near Streator, 111., 1914-

Mackinaw River near Green Valley, 111., 1921-

Spoon River at Seville, 111., 1914-

Sangamon River at Monticello, 111., 1908-1912; 1914-

Sangamon River at Decatur, HI., 1905.

Sangamon River at Riverton, 111., 1908-1912; 1914- ,

Sangamon River at Springfield, 111., 1903.

Sangamon River hear Oakford, 111., 1909-1912; 1914-1919; 1921-22.

Sangamon River near Chandlerville, I1L, 1908 9.

South Fork of Sangamon River near Taylorville, 111., 1908-1912;

1914-1917. 

South Fork of Sangamon River at power plant, near Taylorville,

111., 1917- 

Salt Creek near Kenny, 111., 1908-1912.

Crooked Creek at Ripley, 111., 1921-

Macoupin Creek near Kane, 111., 1921-
186 SURFACE WATSER SUPPLY, 1923, PAKT V

Mississippi River tributaries Continued. 

Cahokia Creek at Poag, 111., 1909-1912. 

Kaskaskia River near Arcola, 111., 1908-1912. 

Kaskaskia River at Shelbyville, III, 1908-1912; 1914. 

Kaskaskia River at Vandalia, 111., 1908-1912; 1914- 

Kaskaskia River at Carlyle, 111., 1908-1912; 1914-15. 

Kaskaskia River at New Athens, 111., 1907-1912; 1914-1921.

Shoal Creek near Breese, 111., 1909-1912; 1914.

Silver Creek near Lebanon, 111., 1908-1912; 1914. 

Big Muddy River near Cambon, 111., 1908-1912. 

Big Muddy River at Plumfield, 111., 1914- 

Big Muddy River at Murphysboro, 111., 1916-

Beaucoup Creek at Pinckneyville, 111., 1908-1912; 1914.
HEPORTS ON WATER RESOURCES OF THE HUDSON BAT AND UPPER 

MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASINS

PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

WATER-SUPPLY PAPERS

Water-supply papers ma.y be purchased (at price quoted below) from the STJPEBINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. An asterisk (*) indicates that the report is out of print. Water-supply 

papers are of octavo size.

*21. Wells of northern Indiana, by Frank Leverett. 1899. 82 pp., 2 pis. 

Discusses, by counties, glacial deposits and sources of well waters; many well sections.

*44. Profiles of rivers iii the United States, by Henry Gannett. 1901. 100 

pp., 11 pis.

Gives elevations and distances along Red River (of the North), and Minnesota, Skunk, 

Iowa, Des Moines, Illinois, and Rock Rivers; also brief descriptions.

*57. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part I (AlabamaMontana), by N. H. Barton. 1902. 60 pp.

*61. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part II (NebraskaWyoming), by N. H. Barton. 1902. 67 pp. 

A revised edition of Nos. 57 and 61; was published in 1905 as Water-Supply Paper 149 (q. v.)

96. Bestructive floods in the United States in 1903, by E. C. Murphy. 1904. 

81 pp., 13 pis. 15c. 

Contains notes on early floods in Mississippi Valley.

*102. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1903; M. L. 

Fuller, geologist in charge. 1904. 522 pp.

Contains brief reports on wells and springs of Minnesota and Missouri.

The reports comprise tabulated well records, giving information as to location, owner, 

depth, yield, head, etc., supplemented by notes as to elevation above sea, material penetrated, 

temperature, use, and quality; many miscellaneous analyses.

*103. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of inland waters in the United 

States, by E. B. Goodell. 1904. 120 pp.

Cites statutory restrictions of water pollution in Iowa, Illinois, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Superseded by 152.

*114. Underground waters of eastern United States; M. L. Fuller, geologist in 

charge. 1905. 285 pp., 18 pis.

Contains brief reports as follows: Missouri, by E.' M. Shepard; Iowa, by W. H. Norton ; 

Minnesota, by C. W. Hall; Wisconsin district, by Alfred R. Scbultz; Illinois, by Frank Leverett; Indiana, by Frank Leverett; each of these reports describes briefly the topography of 

the area, the relation of the geology to the water supplies, and gives list of pertinent publications; lists also principal mineral springs.

117. The lignite Of North Bakota and its relation to irrigation, by F. A. Wilder. 

1905. 59 pp., 8 pis. lOc. '

Describes the thickness, extent, variations, and fuel value of the lignite and its use for pump 

ing water, the area, soils, and lignite of the river flats, and the status of irrigation in the State.

*122. Relation of the law to underground waters, by B. W. Johnson. 1905. 55

PPCites legislative acts affecting underground waters in South Dakota and Wisconsin.

76612 26 WSP 565 13 187
188 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

*145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1905; M. L. 

Fuller, geologist in charge. 1905. 220 pp., 6 pis.

Contains two reports relating to areas draining to Hudson Bay or upper Mississippi River.

Water resources of Mineral Point quadrangle, Wisconsin, by U. S. Grant. Describes 

springs, streams, and shallow and deep wells.

Water supplies at Waterloo, Iowa, by W. H. Norton. Summarizes results of investigations 

to determine availability of artesian water to replace the surface supply from Cedar River; 

discusses necessity of test wells, supplementary supplies, artesian head, and permanency of 

flow.

149. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, second edition, with 

additions, by N. H. Darton. 1905. 175 pp. lOc.

Gives by States (and within the States by counties), the location, depth, diameter, yield, 

height of water, and other features of wells 400 feet or more in depth; includes all wells listed in 

Water-Supply Papers 57 and 61; mentions also principal publications relating to deep borings.

*152. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of the inland waters in the United 

States (second edition), by E. B. Goodell. 1905. 149 pp.

Cities statutory restrictions of water pollution in Iowa, Illinois, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin.

*156. Water powers of northern Wisconsin, by L. S. Smith. 1906. 145 pp., 

5 pis.

Describes by river systems the drainage, geology, topography, rainfall and run-off, water 

powers, and dams.

*162. Destructive floods in the United States in 1905, with a discussion of flood 

discharge and frequency and an index of flood literature, by E. C. 

Murphy and others. 1906. 105 pp., 4 pis.

Contains accounts of floods in southeastern Minnesota, on Devils Creek, Iowa, and in Des 

Moines County, Iowa; gives estimates of flood discharge and frequency on Illinois River and on 

Mississippi River at St. Paul.

193. The quality of surface waters in Minnesota, by R. B. Dole and F. F. Westbrook. 1907. 171 pp., 7 pis. 25c.

Describes by river basins the topography, geology, and soils, the individual and municipal 

pollution of the streams, and gives notes on the municipalities; contains many analyses.

*194. Pollution of Illinois and Mississippi Rivers by Chicago sewage (a digest 

of the testimony taken in the case of the State of Missouri v. the State of 

Illinois and the Sanitary District of Chicago), by M. O. Leighton. 

1907. 369 pp., 2 pis.

Scope indicated by amplification of title.

195. Underground waters of Missouri, their geology and utilization, by E. M. 

Shepard. 1907. 224 pp., 6 pis. 30c.

Describes the topography and geology of the State, the waters of the various formations, and 

discusses the water supplies by districts and counties, gives statistics of city water supplies, 

analyses of waters, and many well records.

*227. Geology and underground waters of South Dakota, by. N. H. Darton. 

1909. 156 pp., 15 pis.

Describes physical features, geologic formations, water horizons, and, by counties, deep 

wells and well prospects; gives notes on construction and management of artesian wells.

*236. The quality of surface waters in the United States: Part I, Analyses of 

waters east of the one hundredth meridian, by R. B. Dole. 1909. 

123 pp.

Describes collection of samples, methods of examination, preparation of solutions, accuracy 

of estimates and expression of analytical results; gives results of analyses of waters of Mississippi, Minnesota, Chippewa, Wisconsin, Rock, Iowa, Cedar, Des Moines, Illinois, Kankakee, 

Fox, Sangamon, Kaskaskia, and Big Muddy Rivers.
PUBLICATIONS 189

239. The quality of the surface waters of Illinois, by W. D. Collins. 1910. 

94 pp., 3 pis. lOc.

Discusses the natural and economic features that determine the character of the streams. 

describes the larger drainage basins and the methods of collecting and analyzing the samples 

of water, and discusses each river in detail with reference to its source and course and the 

quality of water; includes short chapters on municipal supplies and industrial uses.

254. The underground waters of north-central Indiana, by S. R. Capps, with a, 

chapter on the chemical character of the waters, by R. B. Dole. 1910. 

279 pp., 7 pis. 40c.

Describes relief, drainage, vegetation, soils, and crops, industrial development, geologic 

formations; sources, movements, occurrence, and volume of ground water; methods of well 

construction and lifting devices; discusses, in detail for each county, surface features and 

drainage, geology and ground water, city, village, and rural supplies, and gives records of wells 

and analyses of waters. Discusses also, under chemical character, methods of analyses and 

expression of results, mineral constituents, effect of the constituents on waters for domestic, 

industrial, and medicinal uses, methods of purification, chemical composition; many analyses 

and field assays.

256. Geology and underground waters of southern Minnesota, by G. W. Hall, 

O. E. Meinzer, and M. L. Fuller. 1911. 406 pp., 18 pis. 60c.

Discusses the physiography of the State, geologic formations and their water-bearing capacity, artesian conditions, the mineral quality of the underground waters, types of wells, finishing wells in sand, drilling in quartzite, fluctuation in yield and head, "blowing" and 

" breathing" wells, freezing of wells, drainage by wells, hydraulic rams, and scientific prospecting for water, municipal supplies, power, storage and distribution, consumption of water, 

prices, sanitation. Gives by counties details concerning surface features; rocks, yield, head, 

and quality of water, and summaries and analyses.

293. Underground water resources of Iowa, by W. H. Norton, W. S. Hendrixson, H. E. Simpson, O. E. Meinzer, and others. 1912. 994 pp., 

18 pis. 70c.

Describes the relief, drainage, temperature, and precipitation of the State and the geologic 

formations; discusses the geologic occurrence of ground waters, artesian phenomena and yield 

of artesian wells, the chemical composition of ground waters, municipal, domestic, and industrial water supplies, and mineral waters; gives details concerning topography, geology, ground 

waters, and city and village supplies by districts and counties.

345. Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1914. N. C. Grover, 

chief hydraulic engineer. 1915. 225 pp., 17 pis. 30c. Contains: 

(i) Gazetteer of surface waters of Iowa, by W. G. Hoyt and H. J. Ryan, pp. 16&-221. 5c.

364. Water analyses from the laboratory of the United States Geological Survey, 

tabulated by F. W. Clarke, chief chemist. 1914. 40 pp. 5c.

Contains analyses of spring and well waters from Nashville and Macomb, 111., and Story 

City, Iowa.

417. Profile surveys of rivers in Wisconsin, prepared under the direction of 

W. H. Herron, acting chief geographer. 1917. 16 pp., 32 pis. 45c.

Contains brief description of general features of drainage of Wisconsin and of the rivers surveyed, but consists chiefly of maps showing "not only the outlines of the river banks, the 

islands, the position of rapids, falls, shoals, and existing dams, and the crossings of all ferries 

and roads but the contours of banks to an elevation high enough to indicate the possibilities of 

using the stream" for the development of power by low or medium heads.

ANNUAL REPORTS

Each of the papers contained in the annual reports was also issued in separate form. 

Annual reports may be purchased (at price quoted below) from the SOTEBINTENDENT or 

DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. An asterisk (*) indicated that the report is out of print.

*Sixteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1894-95. 

4 parts. Pt. II. Papers of an economic character, xix 598 pp., 43 pis. 

$1.25. Contains:

The public lands and their water supply, by F. H. Newell, pp. 467-633, pis. 35 to 39. Describes general character of the public lands* the lands disposed of (railroad, grant, and swamp 

lands and private miscellaneous entries), lands reserved (Indian, forest, and military reservations) the vacant lands, and the rate of disposal of vacant lands; discusses the streams, wells 

and reservoirs as sources of water supply; gives details for each State.
SUKFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

Seventeenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1896-96, 

Charles D. Walcott, Director, 1896; 3 parts in 4 vols. *Pt. II. Economic geology and hydrography, xxv, 864 pp., 113 pis. Contains:

Preliminary report on artesian waters of a portion of the Dakotas, by N. H. Darton, pp. 603- 

694, pis. 69 to 107. Gives an outline of the geologic relations; describes the wa^er horizons and 

the extent of the artesian water, and gives details concerning wells and prospects by counties; 

discusses the origin, amount, pressure, head, and composition of the artesian waters, the use 

 of artesian water for power, and gives details concerning artesian irrigation by counties; contains 

also remarks on the construction and management of artesian wells.

"The water resources of Illinois, by Frank Leverett, pp. 695-849, pis. 108 to 113. Describes 

the physical features of the State, and the drainage basins, including Illinois, Des Plaines, 

Kankakee, Fox, Illinois-Vermilion, Spoon, Mackinaw, and Sangamon Rivers, Macoupin 

Creek, Rock River, tributaries of the Mississippi in western Illinois, Kaskaskia, Big Muddy, 

and tributaries of the Wabash; discusses the rainfall and run-off, navigable waters and water 

powers,' the wells supplying waters for rural districts, and artesian wells; contains tabulated 

artesian well data and water analyses.

*Eighteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1896-97, 5 

parts in 6 vols. Pt. IV, Hydrography, x, 756 pp., 102 pis. $1.75. 

Contains:

*The water resources of Indiana and Ohio, by Frank Leverett, pp. 419-560, pis. 33 to 37.

Describes the Wabash, Whitewater, Great Miami, Little Miami, Scioto, Hocking, Muskingum, and Beaver Rivers, and lesser tributaries of the Ohio in Indiana and Ohio, the streams

discharging into Lake Erie and Lake Michigan, and streams flowing to the upper Mississippi

, ; through the Illinois; discusses shallow and drift wells, the flowing wells, from the drift and

deeper artesian wells, and gives records of wells at many of the cities; describes the mineral

springs, and gives analyses of the waters; contains also tabulated lists of cities using surface

. , waters for water works, and of cities and vDlages using shallow and deep-well waters; discusses

the source and quality of the city and village supplies, and gives precipitation tables for various

points.

MONOGRAPHS

Monographs may be purchased (at price quoted below) from the SUPERINTENDENT or 

DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. An asterisk (*) indicates that the report is out of print. 

Monographs are of quarto size.

*25. The glacial Lake Agassiz, by Warren Upham. 1896. 658 pp., 38 pis.

Contains a chapter (pp. 523-582) on "Artesian and common wells of the Red River Valley," 

which discusses the sources of artesian water, the fresh waters in the drift sheets, the saline and 

alkaline waters in the Dakota sandstone, and the use of artesian water for irrigation; contains 

analyses of waters from wells, streams, and lakes in Red River Valley and the adjoining region; 

and,gives notes on wells in Clay, Kittson, Marshall, Norman, Polk, Traverse, and Wilkin 

Counties, in Minnesota; in Cass, Grand Forks, Pembina, Richland, Traill, and Walsh Counties, in North Dakota; and in a part of the area covered by Lake Agassiz, in Manitoba. The 

monograph includes numerous maps relating to the Pleistocene geology of the region and a map 

(PI. XXXVII) showing the distribution and depths of artesian wells in glacial drift and bed- 

 rock.

*38. The Illinois glacial lobe, by Frank Leverett. 1899. 817 pp., 24 pis.

Includes a chapter (pp. 550-788) on "Wells of Illinois," which contains a general discussion 

of artesian and other wells, a table of municipal water supplies derived from underground 

sources, and a detailed description of wells and ground-water conditions in practically every 

county in the State. The monograph includes maps showing the geology, the distribution of 

wells, the intake areas of" Potsdam" and St. Peter sandstones, and the relation of glacial drift 

to ground-water supplies.

PROFESSIONAL PAPERS

Professional papers may be purchased (at prices quoted below) from the SUPERINTENDENT 

OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. An asterisk (*) indicates that the report is out of print. 

Professional papers are of quarto size. - ,

*32. Preliminary report on the geology and underground-water resources of the 

central Great Plains, by N. H. Darton. 1905. 433 pp., 73 pis.

Covers South Dakota, Nebraska, central and western Kansas, eastern Colorado, and eastern 

Wyoming. Describes the geography, geology, and water horizons; gives deep-well data and 

well, prospects by counties; also describes other mineral resources. Includes maps showing 

the geology, location of deep wells, structure of the Dakota sandstone, depths to this sandstone 

head of artesian water, anxiareas of artesian flow.
PUBLICATIONS 191

*135. The composition of the river and lake waters of the United States, by F. 

W. Clarke. 1924. iv, 199 pp.

Contains analyses of waters of principal streams in this region. 

BUIIETINS

Bulletins may be purchased (at price quoted below) from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. An asterisk (*) indicates that the report is out of print. Bulletins are of octavo size.

*264. Record of deep-well drilling for 1904, by M. L. Fuller, E. F,. Lines, and 

A. C. Veatch. 1905. 106pp.

Discusses the importance of accurate well records to the driller, to owners of oil, gas, end 

water wells, and to the geologist; describes the general methods of work; gives tabulated records 

of wells in Illinois and Iowa, and detailed records of wells in Boone,, Dupage, Henry, and La 

Salle Counties, 111., and Des Mdines and Scott Counties, Iowa. These wells were selected 

because they give definite stratigraphie information.

*298. Record of deep-well drilling for 1905, by M. L. Fuller and Samuel Sanford. 

1906. 299 pp.

Gives an account of progress in the collection of well records and samples; contains tabulated records of wells in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, South 

Dakota, and Wisconsin; and detailed records of wells in Brown, Hancock, La Salle, Pike, and 

Scbuyler Counties, HI.; Blackhawk, Floyd, Louisa, Mahaska, Scott, and Wapello Counties, 

Iowa; and Hennepin, Ottertail, and Pine Counties, Minn. The wells of which detailed sections 

are given were selected because they afford valuable stratigraphie information.

GEOLOGIC FOLIOS

Under the plan adopted for the preparation of a geologic map of the United 

States the entire area is divided into small quadrangles bounded by certain 

meridians and parallels, and these quadrangles, which number several thousand, 

are separately surveyed and mapped.1 The unit of survey is also the unit of 

publication, and the maps and description of each quadrangle are issued in the 

form of a folio. When all the folios are completed they will constitute the Geologic Atlas of the United States.

A folio is designated by the name of the principal town or of a prominent 

natural feature within the quadrangle. Each folio includes maps showing tlie 

topography, geology, -underground structure, and mineral deposits of the area 

mapped and several pages of descriptive text. The text explains the maps and 

describes the topographic and geologic features of the country and its mineral 

products. The topographic map shows roads, railroads, waterways, and, by 

contour lines, the shapes of hills and valleys and the height above sea level of all 

points in the quadrangle. The areal-geology map shows the distribution of the 

various rocks at the surface. The structural-geology map shows relations of the 

rocks to one another underground. The economic-geology map indicates the 

location of mineral deposits that are commercially valuable. The artesianwater map shows the depth to underground-water horizons. Economic-geology 

and artesian-water maps are included in folios if the conditions in the areas 

mapped warrant their publication. The folios are of special interest to students 

of geography and geology and are valuable as guides in the development arid 

utilization of mineral resources.

The folios numbered from 1 to 163, inclusive, are published in only one form 

(18 by 22 inches), called the library edition. Some of the folios that bear numbers .higher than 163 are published also in an octavo edition (6 by 9 inches). 

Owing to a fire in the Geological Survey building May 18r 1913, th« iStock of 

geologic folios was more or less damaged by fire and water, but 80 or 90 per cent 

of the folios are usable. They will be sold at the uniform price of 5 cents each,

i Index maps showing areas in the Hudson Bay and upper Mississippi Eiver basins covered -by topographic maps and by geologic folios will be mailed on receipt of request addressed to the Director, II. S. 

Geological Survey, Washington, D. C.
192 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART V

with no reduction for wholesale orders. This rate applies to folios in stock from 

1 to 184, inclusive (except reprints), also to the library edition of folio 186. The 

library edition of folios 185, 187, and higher numbers sells for 25 cents a copy* 

except that some folios which contain an unusually large amount of matter sell 

at higher prices. The octavo edition of folio 185 and higher numbers sells for 

50 cents a copy. A discount of 40 per cent is allowed on an order for folios or 

for folios together with topographic maps amounting to $5 at the retail rate.

All the folios contain descriptions of the drainage of the quadrangles. The 

folios in the following list contain also a brief discussion of the underground 

waters in connection with the economic resources of the areas and more or less 

information concerning the utilization of the water resources.

An asterisk (*) indicates that the stock of the folio is exhausted.

*117. Casselton-Fargo, North Dakota-Minnesota.

Gives a somewhat detailed account of the water supply, including descriptions and logs of 

principal wells and tabulated well records; contains artesian-water maps showing areas which 

will probably yield flowing wells.

*145. Lancaster-Mineral Point, Wisconsin-Iowa-IJlinois.

Discusses the springs, shallow and deep wells, streams, and water power; gives analyses of 

artesian water from well at Dubuque, Iowa.

*168. Jamestown-Tower (Jamestown, Eckelson, and Tower quadrangles), North 

Dakota.

Discusses shallow, deep, and artesian wells and head, pressure, power, volume, and character 

of the water. Gives a tabulated list of representative wells and contains an artesian-water 

map showing areas in which flowing wells may probably be obtained.

185. Murphysboro-Herrin, Illinois.2 Library edition, 25c., octavo edition, 50c. 

188. Tallula-Springfield, Illinois.2 Library edition, 25c., octavo edition, 50c.

Discusses wells and the wholesomeness of the water; gives analyses of water from wells in 

the city of Springfield.

195. Belleville-Breese, Illinois, 25c.

Discusses wells and gives analyses of water from springs and wells.

200. Galena-Elizabeth, Illinois-Iowa, 25c.

201. Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota.2 Library edition, 25c., octavo edition, 50c 

208. Colchester-Macomb, Illinois, 25c. - ' 

210. Herman-Morris, Minnesota, 25c. 

213. New Athens-Okawville, Illinois, 25c. 

216. Carlyle-Centralia, Illinois, 25c.

MISCELLANEOUS REPORTS

Other Federal bureaus and the State and otlxer organizations have 

from time to time published reports relating to the water resources 

of the various sections of the country. Notable among those pertaining to the Hudson Bay and upper Mississippi River basins are the 

reports of the State surveys of Illinois and North Dakota, the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey and the Railroad Commission of Wisconsin, the Illinois Water-Supply Commission, and the 

Rivers and Lakes Commissions of Illinois, and the water-power report 

of the Tenth Census (vol. 17). The following reports deserve special 

mention:

Contribution to the physical geography of the United States, Part I. On the 

physical geography of the Mississippi Valley, with suggestions for the improve-

' Issued in two editions; specify which edition is wanted.
PUBLICATIONS 193

ment of navigation of the Ohio and other rivers, by Charles Ellet, jr.; Smithsonian 

Pub. 13, Washington, 1850.

The Mississippi and Ohio Rivers, by Charles H. Ellet. 1853.

Report upon the physics and hydraulics of Mississippi River, by A. A. Humphreys and H. L. Abbott.

The mineral content of Illinois waters, by Edward Barstow, J. A. Udden, S. W, 

Parr, and George T. Palmer: Illinois State Geol. Survey Bull. 10, 1909.

Water resources of the East St. Louis district, by Isaiah Bowman: Illinois State 

Geol. Survey Bull. 5, 1907.

Chemical and biological survey of waters of Illinois, by Edward Barstow: 

Univ. Illinois Pub. 3, 6, 7, 1906-1909.

Chemical survey of the waters of Illinois, report for the years 1897-1902, by A. 

W. Palmer, with report on geology of Illinois as related to its water supply, by 

Charles W. Rolfe: Univ. Illinois Pub.

Report and plans for the reclamation of lands subject to overflow in the Kaskaskia River Valley, Illinois; begun under the direction of the Internal Improvement Commission; completed and published under the direction of the River* 

and Lakes Commission of Illinois, by Jacob A. Harman. 1912.

Diversion of the waters of the Great Lakes by way of the sanitary and ship 

canal of Chicago: A brief of the facts and issues, by Lyman E. Cooley, Chicago. 

1913.

The State of Missouri vs. the State of Illinois and the sanitary district of 

Chicago, before Frank S. Bright, Commissioner of the Supreme Court of the 

United States. 1904.

The mineral waters of Indiana, their location, origin, and character, by W. S, 

Blatchley: Indiana Dept. Geology and Nat. Res.*Twenty-sixth Ann. Rept., 1901,

Report of the water-resources investigation of Minnesota by the State drainage 

commission, 1910.

Report of the commission on conservation [Montana] on bills relating to the 

public lands, water rights, and the protection and preservation of the forests, 1911,

Governor's message relating to conservation [in Montana] on bills relating topublic lands, water rights, and the protection and preservation of the forests.

Water resources of the Devils Lake region, North Dakota, by E. J. Babcock: 

North Dakota Geol. Survey, Second Bienn. Rept., 1903.

The water powers of Wisconsin, by Leonard S. Smith: Wisconsin Geol. and 

Nat. Hist. Survey Bull.. 20. Madison, Wis., 1908.

Report of the Railroad Commission of Wisconsin to the legislature on water 

powers. Madison, Wis., 1915.

Second report of the Railroad Commission of Wisconsin on water powers, 

1914-1923. Madison, Wis., 1924.

Many of these reports can be obtained by applying to the several 

organizations, and most of them can be consulted in the public 

libraries of the larger cities.
AREAS AND PUBLICATIONS COVERED

[A=Annual Reports; M=Monograph; B=Bulletin; P=Professional Paper; W=Water-Supply Paper;

G F = Geologic folio]

Artesian waters: Essential conditions----_-__-_-_____________________ 114

Chemical analyses: 3 Methods and interpretation___ _.__ W 236, 254, 274, 364 

Floods.-._____.. _.-_.__.__-_._._..._-_.._._--______. W 96, 162

Illinois: Quality of waters, etc_..__. W 194, 236, 239; P 135; G F 208, 213, 216 

Surface waters_______....... A 17 ii, 18 iv; W 239; G F 208, 213, 216

Underground waters.____________________________________ M 38;

A 17 ii; B 264, 298; W 57, 114, 149; G F 145, 185, 188, 195, 200, 

208, 213, 216. 

Indiana: Quality of waters__________________._ A 18 iv; W 236, 254; P 135

Surface waters___________________________________ A 18 iv; W 147

Underground waters-_______ A 18 iv; B 298; W 21, 57, 114, 149, 254

Iowa: Quality of waters. _______________________________ W 236, 293; P 135

Surface waters______________________________________ W 162, 345i

Underground waters._ B 264, 298; W 57, 114, 145, 149, 293; G F 145, 200 

Legal aspects: Surface waters__-_-_-___--_-__________-_-_-_-_ W 103, 152

Underground waters-_______________________________ W 122

Mineral springs: Lists.___________________________________________ W 114

Minnesota: Quality of waters..___._._. W 102, 193, 236, 256; P 135; G F 210 

Surface waters.....*..._______________ W 162, 193; G F 210

Underground waters_____-_--____________-__-_____--._ M 25;

B 298; W 57, 102, 114, 149, 256; G F 117, 201, 210 

Missouri: Quality of waters, etc.__._-_--______-_________-_ W 102, 195, 236

Surface waters..______________________________________ W 162

Underground waters._______ B 298; W 57, 102, 114, 145, 149, 195

Montana: Underground waters. ________________________________ W 57, 149

North Dakota: Quality of waters______-________-_________-_-_-_--_- P 135

Underground waters________________________________ M 25;

A 17 ii; B 298; W 61, 117, 149; G F 117, 168 

Pollution: By sewage___________________________________________ W 194

Laws forbidding___ _________________________________ W 103, 152

Profiles of rivers______________________ ______________________ W 44, 417

Sanitation; quality of waters; pollution; sewages irrigation___--___--_-- W 103,

114, 145, 152, 194, 236 

Sewage disposal and purification,_________________________________ W 194

South Dakota: Quality of waters. __________________-___-_---_-__--- P 135

Surface waters_____-_-_-_-_-_---_----_--_---------- W 162

Underground waters. A 17 ii, 18 iv; P 32; B 298; W 61, 149, 227 

Underground waters: Legal aspects____.__-_-_---_-_ _____-__-_--_-- W 122

Methods of utilization...---.------------------ W 114

Pollution_____----------_--_----------------- W 145

Wisconsin: Quality of waters._________ ________________-_-_-----_-- P 135

River profiles.'........._-.--.---------.---------------- W 41 7

Surface waters._________--_-_-_---_-------------------- W 156

Underground waters........'. B 298; W 61, 114, 145, 149; G F 145

3 Many analyses of river, spring,and well waters are scattered through publications, as noted in abstract. 

194
STREAMS ON WHICH GAGING STATIONS HAVE BEEN

MAINTAINED

Apple River, Wis_-__-________

Baraboo River, Wis.__-___--__ 

Beaucoup Creek, Hl____ _______

Big Eau Pleine River, Wis_____

Big Fork, Minn______________

Big Muddy River, 111...__.. 

Black River, Minn___________

Black River, Wis._______-._

Blue Earth River, Minn_______

Bois des Sioux River, Minn____

Cahokia Creek, 111. ___________

Cannon River, Minn__________

Canyon Creek, Mont__.__-__- 

Catfish River, Wis_-------~-__

Cedar River, Iowa-Minn______

Cedar River, Red, Wis___----_

Chippewa River, Minn________

Chippewa River, Wis____.___.

Chippewa River, West Fork, 

Wis-___-_.___________

Clearwater River, Minn_______

Cotton wood River, Minn______

Crooked Creek, 111. ___-___---_ 

Crow River, Minn____________

Crow River, North Fork, Minn. 

Crow River, South Fork, Minn_ 

Crow Wing River, Minn_ _____

Cuivre River, Mo_____-------

Des Lacs River, N. Dak_____ 

Des Moines River, Iowa-Minn. _ 

Des Plaines River, Hl-__-_.-_- 

Devils Lake, N. Dak_.__--_-._ 

Eau Claire River, Wis. (tributary to Chippewa River) 

Eau Claire River, Wis. (tributary to Wisconsin River) 

Eau Pleine River, Big, Wis_ 

Elk River, Minn__ ___________

Fabius River, North, Mo______

Flambeau River, Wis.________

Fox River, Ill__.________

Fox River, Mo-_---_____-_-_-

Illinois River, 111. ____________

Iowa River, Iowa___-------__-

Page

183

184

186

184

182

186

182

183

183

182

186

183

181

184

184

183

183

183

183

182

183

185

183

183

183

182

185

182

184

185

182

183

184

184

182

185

183

185

185

185

184

Iowa River, Upper, Iowa______

Iroquois River, Ill_ _ ____ __

Jump River, Wis_---_--------

Kankakee River, Ill.-Ind______

Kaskaskia River, IU ____ ___

Kawishiwi River, Minn_ _.___, 

Kennedy Creek, Mont_ _______

Kettle River, Minn __ _____ _

Kickapoo River, Wis__ ._____ 

Kinnikinnic River, Wis_ ______

Lac qui Parle River, Minn_____

La Crosse River, Wis .__. __ _ 

Little Fork, Minn. __. ___ _ 

Little Rib River, Wis --_.__ _ 

Long Prairie River, Minn_____

Mackinaw River, Hl_____---__

Macoupin Creek, 111 __________

Maquoketa River, Iowa. ______

Mendota Lake, Wis. -__--_---_ 

Minnesota River, Minn_ ______

Mississippi River, Minn__.____

Mouse River, N. Dak ___ 

Muddy River, Big, 111. _.-_---. 

Mustinka River, Minn ________

Namakagon River, Wis _______

North Branch or Fork. See

name of main stream. 

North Fabius River, Mo_ _ _ 

Ottertail River, Minn_ ____.-._

Pecatonica River, IH.-Wis__-_- 

Pelican River, Minn_ ______---

Pembina River, N. Dak _ . 

Pine River, Minn______-----_-

Plover River, Wis_ ._-----_ 

Prairie River, Minn___ _.____-.

Prairie River, Wis_. .._-_-- 

Raccoon River, Iowa _________

Rainy Lake, Minn_____---_-_-

Rainy River, Minn. __---.----

Red Cedar River, Wis _ _ _ 

Red Lake River, Minn__.-_--_ 

Red River, Minn., N. Dak.,

Manitoba.. ________ __ 

Redwood River, Minn ________

195

183

185

183

185

186

182

181

183

184

183

183

183

182

184

182

185

185

184

184

183

182

182

186

182

183

185

182

184

182

182

182

184

182

184

185

182

182

183

182

182

183
196 INDEX OF STKJBAMS

, Page

Rib River, Little, Wis. ________ 184

Rock River, Wis.-Ill __________ 184

Root River, Minn_ ___________ 183

Root River, North Branch,

Minn_____________________ 183

Roseau River, Canada-Minn___ 182 

Roseau River, West Branch,

Minn___________._______ 182

Rum River, Minn.___________ 183

St. Croix River, Wis __________ 183

St. Mary River, Mont., Alberta. 181

St. Mary Canal, Mont_ _ ____ 181

Salt Creek, IU__---_----_____- 185

Salt River, Mo_________ 185

Sandy River, Minn___________ 182

Sangamon River, HI __________ 185

Sangamon River, South Fork, Ill_ 185

Sauk River, Minn____________ 182

Sheyenne River, N. Dak______ 182

Shellrock River, Iowa_________ 184

Shoal Creek, Ill____._________ 186

Silver Creek, Ill______________ 186

Skunk River, Iowa__________ 184

Snake River, Minn___________ 183

South Branch or Forku See

name of main stream.

Spoon River, Ill_____.________ 185

Fag* 

Squaw Creek, Iowa_______ __ 184

Sugar Creek, Iowa____________ 185

Sugar River, Wis___________ 184

Swiftcurrent Creek, Mont_____ 181

Thief River, Minn____________ 182

Tomahawk River, Wis________ 184

Trenapealeau River, Wis_______ 183

Turkey River, Iowa___________ 184

Two Rivers, South Branch,

Mhm_______________ 182

Upper Iowa River, Iowa.____ 183

Vermilion River, Ill___________ 185

Vermilion River, Minn_______. 182

Wapsipinicon River, Iowa_____ 184

West Branch or Fork. See

name of main stream. 

Whetstone River, S. Dak______ 183

Wild Rice River, Minn. _ __ _ _ 182

Wild Rice River, N. Dak_ _ _ _ 182

Wisconsin River, Wis_________ 183

Wyaeonda River, Mo_________ 185

Yahara River, Wis.________ 184 

Yellow River, Ind________ 185

Yellow River, Wis____ ______ 183

Zumbro River, Minn________ 183

Zumbro River, South Branch,

__-____--._______ 183
INDEX

A . Page

Accuracy of data and results, degrees of.. 4-5 

Acre-foot, definition of ______ ... 2 

Aft on, Wis., Rock River at.____.-...__ 95-96 

Algonquin, 111., Fox River at-..._._-. 154-155 

Ames, Iowa, Skunk River near..__._. 112-113 

Squaw Creek at......___....,.. . 117-119

Apple River near Somerset, Wis.______ 47-48 

Appropriations, record of_________.. 1 

Au water-stage recorder, plate showing 2 

Augusta, Wis., Eau Claire River near.._.. 61-62 

Augusta, Iowa, Skunk River at,._____ 115-117

B

Babb, Mont., St. Mary Canal near...._.. 10-12

St. Mary River near..................... 7-8

Beardstown, HI., IDinois River at......... 148-150

Beckman, H. C., and assistants, work of. _.. 6

Big Eau Pleine River near Stratford, Wis._ 88-90

Big Muddy River at Murphysboro, 111__ 174-176

at Plumfield, El....................... 172-173

Black River at Neillsville, Wis....._._.. 68-69

Bois des Sioux River near Tenney, Minn.... 22-23

Boone, Iowa, Des Moines Rjver near..__ 121-122 

Bradley, Wis., Tomahawk River near__ 83-84 

Bridge measurement, typical gaging station

for, plate showing-. ___. ___ 2 

Brodhead, Wis., Sugar River near__. _ 100-101 

Browning, Mont., St. Mary Canal near.__ 13-14 

Bruce, Wis., Chippewa River near. ___.. 51-52 

Butternut, Wis., Flambeau River near_... 55-56

Canton, Mo., Wyaconda River near...._ 135-136

Canyon Creek near Many Glacier, Mont__ 17-18 

Caribou, Minn., Roseau River at............ 31-33

Cedar Falls, Wis., Red Cedar River at...... 65

Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Cedar River at. _.. 109-110 

Cedar River at Cedar Rapids, Iowa..__. 109-110 

at Janesville, Iowa_.._.__..._ 107-108 

Central Illinois Public Service Co., cooperation by__._._._____.... 6

Chebanse, 111., Iroquois River near.___ 153-154 

Chippewa Falls, Wis., Chippewa River at.. 53-54 

Chippewa River at Bishop's Bridge, near

Winter, Wis_..___............... 49-50

at Chippewa Falls, Wis................. 53-54

near Bruce, Wis___..._..._.__ 51-52 

Clarksville, Iowa, Shellrock River near.... 110-112

Colfax, Wis., Red Cedar River near....._ 63-64

Computations, results of, accuracy of. _.... 4-5

Control, definition of........___.__.... 2

Cooperation, record of................___ 5-6

Coppock, Iowa, Skunk River at.______ 113-115

Crooked Creek at Ripley, ID.............. 166-168

Crookston, Minn., Red Lake River at __ 26-28 

Cuivre River near Troy, Mo.__..___ 139-140

Page

Current meters, Price, plate showing. 2 

Ouster Park, 111., Kankakee River at .. 151-153

Data, accuracy of.,. .. 4-5 

explanation of.... ___ . 3-4

Decorah, Iowa, Upper Iowa River near._. 72-73

Department of the Interior, Canada, cooperation by_____ .... 5

Des Moines River at Des Moines, Iowa 123-124 

at Kalo, Iowa______.____ . 119-120 

at Keosauqua, Iowa___._____.. 128-129 

at Ottumwa, Iowa.__________ 136-127 

near Boone, Iowa . 121-122 

near Tracy, Iowa____________ 124-126

Des Plaines River at Joliet, HI-..-... -. 142-144 

at Lemont, IU......................... 141-142

E

Eau Claire River at Kelly, Wis __...... 87-88

near Augusta, Wis...__________ 61-62 

Elk River, Minn., Mississippi River at..... 35-36

F

Fargo, N. Dak., Red River at_._.__.. 18-20

Flambeau River near Butternut, Wis___ 55-56 

near Ladysmith, Wis.______. ___ 57-58

Flood Control Commission of North Dakota,

cooperation by... . . 5

Fox River at Algonquin, HI..______ 154-155 

at Wedron, HL.... . . .. . 156-157 

near Wayland, Mo._._..___.... 133-135

Freeport, ID., Pecatonica River at..__.... 98-99

G

Gaging stations, typical, plates showing. . 2 

Garber, Iowa, Turkey River at___..__ 92-93 

Gays Mills, Wis., Kickapoo River at....... 90-92

Glacier, Mont., Swiftcurrent Creek at___ 14-15 

Grand Forks, N. Dak., Red River at... .. 20-21 

Green Valley, 111., Mackinaw River near. 159-160 

Grosbach, H. E., and assistant, work of .... 6

Gurley water-stage recorder, plate showing.. 2

Havana, 111., Illinois River at.____.... 147-148 

Hudson Bay drainage basin, Mont.-AlbertaN. Dak .-Minn., gaging station 

records in.....__ __ 7-34

IDinois, cooperation by..._.. ... . 6

niinois River at Beardstown, El._._.. 148-150

at Havana, 111......................... 147-148

at Morris, 111... ............... 144-145

at Peoria, 111-......................_.. 145-147

197
198 INDEX

Pag*

Interstate Power Co., of Chicago, cooperation

by............................... 6

Iowa City, Iowa, Iowa River at_____ 104-105

Iowa, cooperation by_____________ 6

Iowa River at Iowa City, Iowa_____ 104-105

at Marshalltown, Iowa....______ 102-103

at Wapello, Iowa___._____.._ 105-107

Iroquois River near Chebanse, HI... _.. 153-154

Janesville, Iowa, Cedar River at..____ 107-108 

Joliet, HI., Des Plaines River at........... 142-144

Jump River at Sheldon, Wis.._______ 59-60

K

Kalo, Iowa, Des Moines River at_____ 119-120 

Kane, 111., Macoupin Creek near..____ 168-170 

Kankakee River at Custer Park, 111....... 151-153

at Momence, 111____________ 150-151 

Kaskaskia River at Vandalia, 111._..._ 170-171 

Kelly, Wis., Eau Claire River at....___.. 87-88

Keokuk, Iowa, Sugar Creek near _____ 132-133 

Keosauqua, Iowa, Des Moines River at... 128-129 

Kickapoo River at Gays Mills, Wis..___ 90-92 

Kimball, Alberta, St. Mary River near___ 8-10 

Kinnikinnic River near River Falls, Wis__ 176 

Knowlton, Wis., Wisconsin River at..___ 78-79

La Crosse River near West Salem, Wis___ 70-71 

Ladysmith, Wis., Flambeau River near __ 57-58 

Lamb, W. A., and assistants, work of.------ 6

Lemont, 111., Des Plaines River at..___ 141-142 

Lyndon, 111., Rock River at...___.____ 96-98

M

Mackinaw River near Green Valley, 111- -. 159-160 

Macoupin Creek near Kane, 111... - - ___ 168-170 

Mankato, Minn., Minnesota River at___ 40-41 

Many Glacier, Mont., Canyon Creek near.- 17-18, 

Maquoketa River below North Fork of Maquoketa River, near Maquoketa, 

Iowa_________._-.___ 93-95 

Marshalltown, Iowa, Iowa River at___ 102-103 

Menomonie, Wis., Red Cedar River at__. 66-67 

Merrill, Wis., Prairie River near.---.---. . 85-86

Wisconsin River at.----____--._ 76-77 

Minnesota, cooperation by...____.-.---- 5 

Minnesota River at Mankato, Minn---_.. 40-41

near Montevideo, Minn_______.. 38-40 

Minot, N. Dak., Mouse River at______ 33-34 

Mississippi River at Elk River, Minn___ 35-36

at St. Paul, Minn. ................... 37-38

Missouri, cooperation by..______------- 6

Momenee, 111., Kankakee River at..-_-. 150-151 

Montevideo, Minn., Minnesota River near.. 38-40 

Montieello, 111., Sangamon River at-___ 162-163 

Monticello, Mo., North Fabius River at.. 136-138 

Morris, 111., Illinois River at___.__.. 144-145 

Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak___....... 33-34

Muscoda, Wis., Wisconsin River at____. 81-82 

Mussey, O. D., work of____...____- 6 

Mustinka River above Wheaton, Minn__ 23-25

N Page

Namakagon River at Trego, Wis..,.___ 45-46 

Neche, N. Dak., Pembina River at....___ 30-31

Neillsville, Wis., Black River at.__.___ 68-69 

Nekoosa, Wis., Wisconsin River near___- 79-81 

New London, Mo., Salt River near____ 138-139 

North Dakota, cooperation by.. __...... 5

North Fabius River at Monticello, Mo__ 136-138 

Northern States Power Co., cooperation by.. 5

O

Ottumwa, Iowa, Des Moines River at..... 126427

Pecatonica River at Freeport, HI._____. 98-99 

Pembina River at Neche, N. Dak_____.- 30-51 

Peoria, HI., Illinois River at.--.-.-.----- 145-147

Plumfleld, 111., Big Muddy River at...... 172-173

Prairie River near Merrill, Wis. -__...- 85-86

Price current meters, plate showing.._.. 2

Publications, information concerning. 177-180

obtaining or consulting of..--.__ 177-178

on stream flow, list of..--- - 178-179

R '

Raccoon River at Van Meter, Iowa... - 130-131 

Red Cedar River at Cedar Falls, Wis....... 65

at Menomonie, Wis.. -------- ------ 66-67

near Colfax, Wis.... 63-64

Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn__ 26-28

at Thief River Falls, Minn-- -- 25-26 

Red River at Fargo, N. Dak...- ----- 18-20

at Grand Forks, N- Dak.... ....-.- 20-21 

Rhinelander, Wis., Wisconsin River near 74-75 

Ripley, HI., Crooked Creek at... .- 166-168 

River Falls, Wis., Kinnikinnic River near 176 

Riverton, HI., Sangamon River at... 163-165 

Rock River at Afton, Wis ~ 95-96

at Lyndon, HI.----- --------- 96-98

Roseau River at Caribou, Minn. . 31-33 

Run-off in inches, definition of. . 2

St. Croix Falls, Wis., St. Croix River near . 43-44 

St. Croix River at Swiss, Wis.... . ... - 41-43

near St. Croix Falls, Wis..-------... 43-44

St. Mary Canal at Hudson Bay divide, near

Browning, Mont. 13-14

at intake, near Babb, Mont. 10-11

at St. Mary crossing, near Babb, Mont.. 12

St. Mary River near Babb, Mont. . 7-8

near Kimballr Alberta . - 8-10

St. Paul, Minn., Mississippi River at.. 37-38

Salt River near New London, Mo 138-139,

Sangamon River at Monticello, 111... . 162-163

at Riverton, HI.- 163-165

South Fork of, at power plant, near Taylorville, 111.. 165-166

Second-feet, definition of 2 

Second-feet per square mile, definition of.... 2

Seville, HI., Spoon River at........'.. 160-162

Sheldon, Wis., Jump River at 59-60 

Shellrock River near Clarksville, Iowa. 110-112 

Sherburne, Mont., Swiftcurrent Creek at 15-17
INDEX 199

Page

Skunk River at Augusta, Iowa____.... 115-117 

at Coppock, Iowa..______ . 113-115 

near Ames, Iowa____________ 112-113 

Somerset, Wis., Apple River near.._--_ 47-48 

Soule, S. B., and assistants, work of.____ 6 

Spiegel, J. B., and assistants, work of_-.... 6 

Spoon River at Seville, 111.... ... 160-162 

Squaw Creek at Ames, Iowa.__ .. 117-119 

Stage-discharge relation, definition of.....-.- 2 

Stevens water-stage recorder, plate showing.. 2 

Stratford, Wis., Big Eau Pleine River near.. 88-90 

Stream-gaging stations and publication relating to water resources, information concerning _______ 177-196 

Streator, 111., Vermilion River near_.. _ 157-159 

Sugar Creek near Keokuk, Iowa...____ 132-133 

Sugar River near Brodhead, Wis..----...- 100-101 

Swiftcurrent Creek at Many Glacier, Mont.. 14-15 

at Sherburne, Mont ________. __ 15-17 

Swiss, Wis., St. Croix River at. - .. 41-43

Taylorville, 111., South Fork of Sangamon

River near....___-......-.. 165-166

Tenney, Mont., Bois des Sioux River near.. 22-23 

Terms, definition of.........___...__.. 2-3

Thief River Falls, Minn., Red Lake River at. 25-26

Thief River near.______._____ 28-30

Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn 28-30

Tomahawk River near Bradley, Wis ..... 83-84

Tracy, Iowa, Des Moines River near..__ 124-126 

Trego, Wis., Namakagon River at_____ 45-46 

Troy, Mo., Cuivre River near___-___ 139-140 

Turkey River at Qarber, Iowa......____ 92-93

TJ

United States Bureau of Public Roads, cooperation by_.___....__ 5

United States Bureau of Reclamation, cooperation by . 5

Page

United States Engineer Corps, cooperation

by.............................. 5

United States Department of Agriculture,

cooperation by..________. 5

United States Weather Bureau, cooperation

by... ... 5,6

Upper Iowa River near Decorah, Iowa___ 72-73

Upper Mississippi River basin, Minn.-Wis.- 

Iowa-Hl.-Mo., gaging-station 

records in___. ______. 35-176

Van Meter, Iowa, Raccoon River at___ 130-131

Vandalia, HI., Kaskaskia River at____ 170-171

Vermilion River near Streator, 111__ __ 157-159

W

Wading measurement, typical gaging station

for, plate showing. ___..__. 2

Wapello, Iowa, Iowa River at.___ .. 105-107

Water-stage recorders, plate showing- 2

Wayland, Mo., Fox River near . 133-135

Wedron, 111., Fox River at ...__ ... 156-157

West Salem, Wis., La Crosse River near__ 70-71

Wheaton, Minn., Mustinka River above.... 23-25

Williams, E. L., and assistants, work of. &

Winter, Wis., Chippewa River near.. 49-50

Wisconsin, cooperation by....- 5

Wisconsin River at Rnowlton, Wis_ __. 78-79

at Merrill, Wis. 76-77

at Muscoda, Wis... 81-«2

at Whirlpool Rapids, near Rhinelander,

Wis.__ _______ 74-75

nearNekoosa, Wis. _ ___ 79-81

Work, authorization of. -... 1

division of. __ 6

scope of__ __ . 1-2

Wyaconda River near Canton, Mo 135-136

Zero flow, point of, definition of.

o