IB 

Union Calendar No. 630 

118TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 7227 

[Report No. 118–760, Part I] 

To establish the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School 

Policies in the United States, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

FEBRUARY 5, 2024 

Ms. DAVIDS of Kansas (for herself and Mr. COLE) introduced the following 

bill; which was referred to the Committee on Education and the Workforce, and in addition to the Committees on Natural Resources, and Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the 

Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within 

the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 

NOVEMBER 22, 2024 

Additional sponsors: Mr. EDWARDS, Ms. MCCOLLUM, Mr. KILMER, Mr. 

ZINKE, Ms. MOORE of Wisconsin, Mr. TRONE, Ms. NORTON, Mrs. 

NAPOLITANO, Mr. NADLER, Mr. TONKO, Ms. OMAR, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, 

Ms. TLAIB, Mr. CISCOMANI, Ms. BROWN, Ms. HOULAHAN, Mr. PAPPAS, 

Mrs. PELTOLA, Mr. COHEN, Mrs. CHAVEZ-DEREMER, Mr. FITZPATRICK, 

Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. LANDSMAN, Ms. JAYAPAL, Ms. TOKUDA, Mr. 

LANGWORTHY, Mr. LARSEN of Washington, Mr. CUELLAR, Mr. RASKIN, 

Mr. SOTO, Ms. BONAMICI, Mr. GOTTHEIMER, Mr. KIM of New Jersey, 

Mr. BACON, Ms. CRAIG, Mr. KRISHNAMOORTHI, Mr. BISHOP of Georgia, 

Ms. DEAN of Pennsylvania, Mr. SORENSEN, Mr. FROST, Mr. NEGUSE, 

Mr. HORSFORD, Ms. PEREZ, Ms. BALINT, Ms. PINGREE, Mr. CLEAVER, 

Mr. PASCRELL, Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania, Ms. BLUNT ROCHESTER, Mr. 

DESAULNIER, Ms. DELBENE, Mr. KHANNA, Ms. CHU, Mr. PHILLIPS, 

Ms. BROWNLEY, Mr. MOULTON, Ms. LEGER FERNANDEZ, Ms. WILD, Mr. 

HARDER of California, Mrs. HOUCHIN, Mr. KILEY, Mr. FLOOD, Mr. 

LATURNER, Mr. OWENS, Mr. ARMSTRONG, Mr. STAUBER, Ms. LOFGREN, 

Mr. MOOLENAAR, Mr. FLEISCHMANN, Mr. TAKANO, Mr. YAKYM, Ms. 

VELA ́ZQUEZ, Mr. MOLINARO, Mr. BERGMAN, Mr. NEWHOUSE, Ms. 

ESHOO, Mr. STANTON, Ms. LEE of California, and Mr. FINSTAD


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NOVEMBER 22, 2024 

Reported from the Committee on Education and the Workforce with an 

amendment 

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 

NOVEMBER 22, 2024 

Committees on Natural Resources and Energy and Commerce discharged; 

committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the 

Union and ordered to be printed 

[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on February 5, 2024] 

A BILL 

To establish the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian 

Boarding School Policies in the United States, and for 

other purposes. 


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1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding 

6 School Policies Act of 2024’’. 

7 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

8 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Purposes. 

Sec. 3. Definitions. 

TITLE I—COMMISSION AND SUBCOMMITTEES 

Subtitle A—Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School 

Policies in the United States 

Sec. 101. Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies in 

the United States. 

Subtitle B—Duties of the Commission 

Sec. 111. Duties of the commission. 

Subtitle C—Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee 

Sec. 121. Survivors truth and healing subcommittee. 

TITLE II—ADVISORY COMMITTEES 

Subtitle A—Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 

Sec. 201. Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee. 

Subtitle B—Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 

Sec. 211. Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee. 

TITLE III—GENERAL PROVISIONS 

Sec. 301. Clarification. 

Sec. 302. Burial management. 

Sec. 303. Co-stewardship agreements. 

Sec. 304. No right of action. 

Sec. 305. Severability. 

9 SEC. 2. PURPOSES. 

10 The purposes of this Act are— 


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1 (1) to establish a Truth and Healing Commis2 sion on Indian Boarding School Policies in the 

3 United States, including other necessary advisory 

4 committees and subcommittees; 

5 (2) to formally investigate, document, and report 

6 on the histories of Indian Boarding Schools, Indian 

7 Boarding School Polices, and the systematic and 

8 long-term effects of those schools and policies on Na9 tive American peoples; 

10 (3) to develop recommendations for Federal par11 ticipation based on the findings of the Commission; 

12 and 

13 (4) to promote healing for survivors of Indian 

14 Boarding Schools, the descendants of those survivors, 

15 and the communities of those survivors. 

16 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 

17 In this Act: 

18 (1) COMMISSION.—The term ‘‘Commission’’ 

19 means the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian 

20 Boarding School Policies in the United States estab21 lished by section 101(a). 

22 (2) FEDERAL TRUTH AND HEALING ADVISORY

23 COMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘Federal Truth and Healing 

24 Advisory Committee’’ means the Federal Truth and 


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1 Healing Advisory Committee established by section 

2 211(a). 

3 (3) INDIAN.—The term ‘‘Indian’’ has the mean4 ing given the term in section 6151 of the Elementary 

5 and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 

6 7491). 

7 (4) INDIAN BOARDING SCHOOL.—The term ‘‘In8 dian Boarding School’’ means— 

9 (A) a site of an institution that— 

10 (i) provided on-site housing or over11 night lodging; 

12 (ii) was described in Federal records as 

13 providing formal academic or vocational 

14 training and instruction to American Indi15 ans, Alaska Natives, or Native Hawaiians; 

16 (iii) received Federal funds or other 

17 Federal support; and 

18 (iv) was operational before 1969; 

19 (B) a site of an institution identified by the 

20 Department of the Interior in appendices A and 

21 B of the report entitled ‘‘Federal Indian Board22 ing School Initiative Investigative Report’’ and 

23 dated May 2022 (or a successor report); or 


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1 (C) any other institution that implemented 

2 Indian Boarding School Policies, including an 

3 Indian day school. 

4 (5) INDIAN BOARDING SCHOOL POLICIES.—The 

5 term ‘‘Indian Boarding School Policies’’ means Fed6 eral laws, policies, and practices purported to ‘‘as7 similate’’ and ‘‘civilize’’ Indians, Alaska Natives, and 

8 Native Hawaiians that included psychological, phys9 ical, sexual, and mental abuse, forced removal from 

10 home or community, and identity-altering practices 

11 intended to terminate Native languages, cultures, reli12 gions, social organizations, or connections to tradi13 tional land. 

14 (6) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Indian Tribe’’ 

15 has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the In16 dian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 

17 Act (25 U.S.C. 5304). 

18 (7) NATIVE AMERICAN.—The term ‘‘Native 

19 American’’ means an individual who is— 

20 (A) an Indian; or 

21 (B) a Native Hawaiian. 

22 (8) NATIVE AMERICAN TRUTH AND HEALING AD23 VISORY COMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘Native American 

24 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee’’ means the 

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1 mittee established by the Commission under section 

2 201(a). 

3 (9) NATIVE HAWAIIAN.—The term ‘‘Native Ha4 waiian’’ has the meaning given the term in section 

5 6207 of the Elementary and Secondary Education 

6 Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7517). 

7 (10) NATIVE HAWAIIAN ORGANIZATION.—The 

8 term ‘‘Native Hawaiian organization’’ means a pri9 vate nonprofit organization that— 

10 (A) serves and represents the interests of 

11 Native Hawaiians; 

12 (B) has as its primary and stated purpose 

13 the provision of services to Native Hawaiians; 

14 (C) has Native Hawaiians serving in sub15 stantive and policymaking positions; and 

16 (D) has expertise in Native Hawaiian af17 fairs. 

18 (11) OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS.—The term 

19 ‘‘Office of Hawaiian Affairs’’ has the meaning given 

20 the term in section 6207 of the Elementary and Sec21 ondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7517). 

22 (12) SURVIVORS TRUTH AND HEALING SUB23 COMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘Survivors Truth and Heal24 ing Subcommittee’’ means the Survivors Truth and 

25 Healing Subcommittee established by section 121(a). 


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1 (13) TRAUMA-INFORMED CARE.—The term 

2 ‘‘trauma-informed care’’ means holistic psychological 

3 and health care practices that include promoting cul4 turally responsive practices, patient psychological, 

5 physical, and emotional safety, and environments of 

6 healing, trust, peer support, and recovery. 

7 (14) TRIBAL ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘‘Tribal 

8 organization’’ has the meaning given the term in sec9 tion 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Edu10 cation Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304). 

11 TITLE I—COMMISSION AND 

12 SUBCOMMITTEES 

13 Subtitle A—Truth and Healing 

14 Commission on Indian Boarding 

15 School Policies in the United 

16 States 

17 SEC. 101. TRUTH AND HEALING COMMISSION ON INDIAN 

18 BOARDING SCHOOL POLICIES IN THE UNITED 

19 STATES. 

20 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in the leg21 islative branch a commission, to be known as the ‘‘Truth 

22 and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Poli23 cies in the United States’’. 

24 (b) MEMBERSHIP.— 

25 (1) MEMBERSHIP.— 


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1 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall 

2 include 5 members, to be jointly appointed by 

3 the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the 

4 Majority Leader of the Senate, and the Minority 

5 Leaders of the House of Representatives and the 

6 Senate, in consultation with the Chairperson 

7 and Vice Chairperson of the Committee on In8 dian Affairs of the Senate and the Chair and 

9 ranking minority member of the Committee on 

10 Natural Resources of the House of Representa11 tives, from among the nominees submitted under 

12 paragraph (2)(A), of whom— 

13 (i) 1 shall be an individual with exten14 sive experience and expertise as a principal 

15 investigator overseeing or leading complex 

16 research initiatives with and for Indian 

17 Tribes and Native Americans; 

18 (ii) 1 shall be an individual (barred in 

19 good standing) with extensive experience 

20 and expertise in the area of indigenous 

21 human rights law and policy, including 

22 overseeing or leading broad-scale investiga23 tions of abuses of indigenous human rights; 

24 (iii) 1 shall be an individual with ex25 tensive experience and expertise in Tribal 


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1 court judicial and restorative justice sys2 tems and Federal agencies, such as partici3 pation as a Tribal judge, researcher, or 

4 former presidentially appointed commis5 sioner; 

6 (iv) 1 shall be an individual with ex7 tensive experience and expertise in pro8 viding and coordinating trauma-informed 

9 care and other health-related services to In10 dian Tribes and Native Americans; and 

11 (v) 1 shall be a Native American indi12 vidual recognized as a traditional cultural 

13 authority by their respective Native commu14 nity. 

15 (B) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MEM16 BERSHIP.—In addition to the requirements de17 scribed in subparagraph (A), each member of the 

18 Commission shall be a person of recognized in19 tegrity and empathy, with a demonstrated com20 mitment to the values of truth, reconciliation, 

21 healing, and expertise in truth and healing en22 deavors that are traditionally and culturally ap23 propriate so as to provide balanced points of 

24 view and expertise with respect to the duties of 

25 the Commission. 


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1 (2) NOMINATIONS.— 

2 (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days 

3 after the date of enactment of this Act, Indian 

4 Tribes, Tribal organizations, Native Americans, 

5 the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and Native Ha6 waiian organizations may submit to the Sec7 retary of the Interior nominations for individ8 uals to be appointed to the Commission. 

9 (B) NATIVE AMERICAN PREFERENCE.—Indi10 viduals nominated under subparagraph (A) who 

11 are Native American shall receive a preference in 

12 the selection process for appointment to the Com13 mission under paragraph (1). 

14 (C) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—Not later 

15 than 7 days after the submission deadline for 

16 nominations described in subparagraph (A), the 

17 Secretary of the Interior shall submit to Congress 

18 a list of the individuals nominated under that 

19 subparagraph. 

20 (3) DATE.—Members of the Commission under 

21 paragraph (1) shall be appointed not later than 180 

22 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. 

23 (4) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT; VACANCIES; RE24 MOVAL.— 


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1 (A) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT.—A member 

2 of the Commission shall be appointed for a term 

3 that is the shorter of— 

4 (i) 6 years; and 

5 (ii) the life of the Commission. 

6 (B) VACANCIES.—After all initial members 

7 of the Commission are appointed and the initial 

8 business meeting of the Commission has been 

9 convened under subsection (c)(1), a single va10 cancy in the Commission— 

11 (i) shall not affect the powers of the 

12 Commission; and 

13 (ii) shall be filled within 90 days in 

14 the same manner as was the original ap15 pointment. 

16 (C) REMOVAL.—A quorum of members of 

17 the Commission may remove a member of the 

18 Commission only for neglect of duty or malfea19 sance. 

20 (5) TERMINATION.—The Commission shall ter21 minate 6 years after the date of the enactment of this 

22 Act. 

23 (6) LIMITATION.—No member of the Commission 

24 shall be an officer or employee of the Federal Govern25 ment. 


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1 (c) BUSINESS MEETINGS.— 

2 (1) INITIAL BUSINESS MEETING.—90 days after 

3 the date on which all of the members of the Commis4 sion are appointed under subsection (b)(1)(A), the 

5 Commission shall hold the initial business meeting of 

6 the Commission— 

7 (A) to appoint a Chairperson, a Vice Chair8 person, and such other positions as determined 

9 necessary by the Commission; 

10 (B) to establish rules for meetings of the 

11 Commission; and 

12 (C) to appoint members of— 

13 (i) the Survivors Truth and Healing 

14 Subcommittee under section 121(b)(1); and 

15 (ii) the Native American Truth and 

16 Healing Advisory Committee under section 

17 201(b)(1). 

18 (2) SUBSEQUENT BUSINESS MEETINGS.—After 

19 the initial business meeting of the Commission is held 

20 under paragraph (1), the Commission shall meet at 

21 the call of the Chairperson. 

22 (3) ADVISORY AND SUBCOMMITTEE COMMITTEES

23 DESIGNEES.—Each Commission business meeting 

24 shall include participation by 2 non-voting designees 

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1 committee, the Native American Truth and Healing 

2 Advisory Committee, and the Federal Truth and 

3 Healing Advisory Committee, as appointed in accord4 ance with section 121(c)(1)(D), section 201(e)(1)(C), 

5 and section 211(c)(1)(B), as applicable. 

6 (4) FORMAT OF MEETINGS.—A business meeting 

7 of the Commission may be conducted in-person or vir8 tually. 

9 (5) QUORUM REQUIRED.—A business meeting of 

10 the Commission may be held only once after a 

11 quorum, established in accordance with subsection 

12 (d), is present. 

13 (d) QUORUM.—A simple majority of the members of 

14 the Commission present shall constitute a quorum for a 

15 business meeting. 

16 (e) RULES.—The Commission may establish, by a ma17 jority vote, any rules for the conduct of Commission busi18 ness, in accordance with this section and other applicable 

19 law. 

20 (f) COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.— 

21 (1) COMPENSATION OF COMMISSIONERS.—A 

22 member of the Commission shall be compensated at a 

23 daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay pre24 scribed for grade 14 of the General Schedule under 

25 section 5332 of title 5, United States Code, for each 


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1 day, not to exceed 14 days per month, for which a 

2 member is engaged in the performance of their duties 

3 under this Act, limited to convening meetings, includ4 ing public or private meetings to receive testimony in 

5 furtherance of the duties of the Commission and the 

6 purposes of this Act. 

7 (2) TRAVEL EXPENSES.—A member of the Com8 mission shall be allowed travel expenses, including 

9 per diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for 

10 employees of agencies under subchapter I of chapter 

11 57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from 

12 their homes or regular places of business in the per13 formance of services for the Commission. 

14 (3) DETAIL OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES.—Any 

15 Federal Government employee, with the approval of 

16 the head of the appropriate Federal agency and at the 

17 request of the Commission, may be detailed to the 

18 Commission without— 

19 (A) reimbursement to the agency of that em20 ployee; and 

21 (B) interruption or loss of civil service sta22 tus, benefits, or privileges. 

23 (g) POWERS OF COMMISSION.— 

24 (1) HEARINGS AND EVIDENCE.—The Commission 

25 may, for the purpose of carrying out this Act— 


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1 (A) hold such hearings and sit and act at 

2 such times and places, take such testimony, and 

3 receive such evidence, virtually or in-person, as 

4 the Commission may determine necessary to ac5 complish the purposes of this Act; 

6 (B) conduct or request such interdiscipli7 nary research, investigation, or analysis of such 

8 information and documents, records, or other 

9 evidence as the Commission may determine nec10 essary to accomplish the purposes of this Act, in11 cluding— 

12 (i) securing, directly from a Federal 

13 agency, such information as the Commis14 sion considers necessary to accomplish the 

15 purposes of this Act; and 

16 (ii) requesting the head of any relevant 

17 Tribal or State agency to provide to the 

18 Commission such information as the Com19 mission considers necessary to accomplish 

20 the purposes of this Act; 

21 (C) subject to paragraphs (1) and (2) of 

22 subsection (i), require, by subpoena or otherwise, 

23 the production of such records, papers, cor24 respondence, memoranda, documents, books, vid25 eos, oral histories, recordings, or any other paper 


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1 or electronic material, as the Commission may 

2 determine necessary to accomplish the purposes 

3 of this Act; 

4 (D) oversee, direct, and collaborate with the 

5 Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee, 

6 the Native American Truth and Healing Advi7 sory Committee, and the Survivors Truth and 

8 Healing Subcommittee to accomplish the pur9 poses of this Act; and 

10 (E) coordinate with Federal and non-Fed11 eral entities to preserve and archive, as appro12 priate, any gifts, documents, or other property 

13 received while carrying out the purposes of this 

14 Act. 

15 (2) CONTRACTING; VOLUNTEER SERVICES.— 

16 (A) CONTRACTING.—The Commission may, 

17 to such extent and in such amounts as are pro18 vided in appropriations Acts, and in accordance 

19 with applicable law, enter into contracts and 

20 other agreements with public agencies, private 

21 organizations, and individuals to enable the 

22 Commission to carry out the duties of the Com23 mission under this Act. 

24 (B) VOLUNTEER AND UNCOMPENSATED

25 SERVICES.—Notwithstanding section 1342 of 


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1 title 31, United States Code, the Commission 

2 may accept and use such voluntary and uncom3 pensated services as the Commission determines 

4 to be necessary. 

5 (C) GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION.— 

6 The Administrator of General Services shall pro7 vide, on request of the Commission, on a reim8 bursable basis, administrative support and other 

9 services for the performance of the functions of 

10 the Commission under this Act. 

11 (3) POSTAL SERVICES.—The Commission may 

12 use the United States mails in the same manner and 

13 under the same conditions as other agencies of the 

14 Federal Government. 

15 (4) GIFTS, FUNDRAISING, AND DISBURSEMENT.— 

16 (A) GIFTS AND DONATIONS.— 

17 (i) IN GENERAL.—The Commission 

18 may accept, use, and dispose of any gift, 

19 donation, service, property, or other record 

20 or recording to accomplish the purposes of 

21 this Act. 

22 (ii) RETURN OF GIFTS AND DONA23 TIONS.—On termination of the Commission 

24 under subsection (b)(5), any gifts, unspent 

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1 cording accepted by the Commission under 

2 clause (i) shall be— 

3 (I) returned to the donor that 

4 made the donation under that clause; 

5 or 

6 (II) archived under subparagraph 

7 (E). 

8 (B) FUNDRAISING.—The Commission may, 

on the affirmative vote of 3 9 ⁄5 of the members of 

10 the Commission, solicit funds to accomplish the 

11 purposes of this Act. 

12 (C) DISBURSEMENT.—The Commission 

may, on the affirmative vote of 3 13 ⁄5 of the mem14 bers of the Commission, approve the expenditure 

15 of funds to accomplish the purposes of this Act. 

16 (D) TAX DOCUMENTS.—The Commission (or 

17 a designee) shall, on request of a donor under 

18 subparagraph (A) or (B), provide tax docu19 mentation to that donor for any tax-deductible 

20 gift made by that donor under those subpara21 graphs. 

22 (E) ARCHIVING.—The Commission shall co23 ordinate with the Library of Congress and the 

24 Smithsonian Institution to archive and preserve 


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1 relevant gifts or donations received under sub2 paragraph (A) or (B). 

3 (h) CONVENING.— 

4 (1) CONVENING PROTOCOL.— 

5 (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 45 days 

6 after the initial business meeting of the Native 

7 American Truth and Healing Advisory Com8 mittee, the Commission, 3 designees from the Na9 tive American Truth and Healing Advisory 

10 Committee, and 3 designees from the Survivors 

11 Truth and Healing Subcommittee shall hold a 

12 meeting to recommend rules, protocols, and for13 mats for convenings carried out under this sub14 section. 

15 (B) RULES AND PROTOCOLS.—Not later 

16 than 45 days after the initial meeting described 

17 in subparagraph (A), the Commission shall fi18 nalize rules, protocols, and formats for 

19 convenings carried out under this subsection by 

a 3 20 ⁄5 majority in attendance at a meeting of the 

21 Commission. 

22 (C) ADDITIONAL MEETINGS.—The Commis23 sion and designees described in subparagraph 

24 (A) may hold additional meetings, as necessary, 

to amend, by a 3 25 ⁄5 majority in attendance at a 


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1 meeting of the Commission, the rules, protocols, 

2 and formats for convenings established under 

3 that subparagraph. 

4 (2) ANNOUNCEMENT OF CONVENINGS.—Not later 

5 than 30 days before the date of a convening under 

6 this subsection, the Commission shall announce the lo7 cation and details of the convening. 

8 (3) MINIMUM NUMBER OF CONVENINGS.—The 

9 Commission shall hold— 

10 (A) not fewer than 1 convening in each of 

11 the 12 regions of the Bureau of Indian Affairs 

12 and in Hawai’i during the life of the Commis13 sion; and 

14 (B) beginning 1 year after the date of the 

15 enactment of this Act, not fewer than 1 con16 vening in each quarter to receive testimony each 

17 calendar year until the date on which the Com18 mission submits the final report of the Commis19 sion under section 111(e)(3). 

20 (4) OPPORTUNITY TO PROVIDE TESTIMONY.—No 

21 person or entity shall be denied the opportunity to 

22 provide relevant testimony at a convenings held under 

23 this subsection, except at the discretion of the Chair24 person of the Commission (or a designee). 

25 (i) SUBPOENAS.— 


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1 (1) IN GENERAL.— 

2 (A) ISSUANCE OF SUBPOENAS.— 

3 (i) IN GENERAL.—If a person fails to 

4 supply information requested by the Com5 mission, the Commission may, on a unani6 mous vote of the Commission, issue a sub7 poena requiring from a person the produc8 tion of any written or recorded evidence 

9 necessary to carry out the duties of the 

10 Commission under section 111. 

11 (ii) NOTIFICATION.— 

12 (I) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 

13 10 days before the date on which the 

14 Commission issues a subpoena under 

15 clause (i), the Commission shall submit 

16 to the Attorney General a confidential, 

17 written notice of the intent to issue the 

18 subpoena. 

19 (II) SUBPOENA PROHIBITED BY

20 ATTORNEY GENERAL.— 

21 (aa) IN GENERAL.—The At22 torney General, on receiving a no23 tice under subclause (I), may, on 

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1 mission has a reasonable oppor2 tunity to cure, prohibit the 

3 issuance of the applicable sub4 poena described in that notice. 

5 (bb) NOTIFICATION TO CON6 GRESS.—On prohibition of the 

7 issuance of a subpoena under item 

8 (aa), the Attorney General shall 

9 submit to Congress a report de10 tailing the reasons for that prohi11 bition. 

12 (B) PRODUCTION OF EVIDENCE.—The pro13 duction of evidence may be required from any 

14 place within the United States. 

15 (2) FAILURE TO OBEY A SUBPOENA.— 

16 (A) ORDER FROM A DISTRICT COURT OF

17 THE UNITED STATES.—If a person does not obey 

18 a subpoena issued under paragraph (1), the 

19 Commission is authorized to apply to a district 

20 court of the United States described in subpara21 graph (B) for an order requiring that person to 

22 comply with the subpoena. 

23 (B) LOCATION.—An application under sub24 paragraph (A) may be made within the judicial 


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1 district where the person described in that sub2 paragraph resides or transacts business. 

3 (C) PENALTY.—Any failure to obey an 

4 order of a court described in subparagraph (A) 

5 may be punished by the court as a civil con6 tempt. 

7 (3) SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION.—The dis8 trict court of the United States in which an action 

9 is brought under paragraph (2)(B) shall have original 

10 jurisdiction over any civil action brought by the Com11 mission to enforce, secure a declaratory judgment con12 cerning the validity of, or prevent a threatened refusal 

13 or failure to comply with the applicable subpoena 

14 issued by the Commission. 

15 (4) SERVICE OF SUBPOENAS.—The subpoenas of 

16 the Commission shall be served in the manner pro17 vided for subpoenas issued by a district court of the 

18 United States under the Federal Rules of Civil Proce19 dure. 

20 (5) SERVICE OF PROCESS.—All process of any 

21 court to which an application is made under para22 graph (2) may be served in the judicial district in 

23 which the person required to be served resides or 

24 transacts business. 


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1 (j) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT APPLICA2 BILITY.—Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code (com3 monly known as the ‘‘Federal Advisory Committee Act’’), 

4 shall not apply to the Commission. 

5 (k) CONGRESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT APPLICA6 BILITY.—For purposes of the Congressional Accountability 

7 Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.)— 

8 (1) any individual who is an employee of the 

9 Commission shall be considered a covered employee 

10 under the Act; and 

11 (2) the Commission shall be considered an em12 ploying office under the Act. 

13 (l) CONSULTATION OR ENGAGEMENT WITH NATIVE

14 AMERICANS, INDIAN TRIBES, TRIBAL ORGANIZATIONS, THE

15 OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN

16 ORGANIZATIONS.—In carrying out the duties of the Com17 mission under section 111, the Commission shall meaning18 fully consult or engage, as appropriate, in a timely manner 

19 with Native Americans, Indian Tribes, Tribal organiza20 tions, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and Native Hawaiian 

21 organizations. 

22 (m) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—For each 

23 fiscal year in which the Commission is operational, there 

24 is authorized to be appropriated $15,000,000 to the Com25 mission to carry out this Act. Amounts appropriated pursuVerDate Sep 11 2014 01:40 Nov 23, 2024 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H7227.RH H7227

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1 ant to this authorization shall be derived and transferred 

2 from the unexpired, unobligated balances of all amounts 

3 made available to the Indian Health Service to prevent, 

4 prepare for, or respond to coronavirus. 

5 (n) RESCISSION.—Of the unobligated balances of funds 

6 made available by section 11001 of Public Law 117–2, 

7 $90,000,000 are hereby permanently rescinded. 

8 Subtitle B—Duties of the 

9 Commission 

10 SEC. 111. DUTIES OF THE COMMISSION. 

11 (a) INVESTIGATION.— 

12 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall conduct 

13 a comprehensive interdisciplinary investigation of In14 dian Boarding School Policies, including the social, 

15 cultural, economic, emotional, and physical effects of 

16 Indian Boarding School Policies in the United States 

17 on Native American communities, Indian Tribes, sur18 vivors of Indian Boarding Schools, families of those 

19 survivors, and their descendants. 

20 (2) MATTERS TO BE INVESTIGATED.—The mat21 ters to be investigated by the Commission under para22 graph (1) shall include, at a minimum— 

23 (A) conducting a comprehensive review of 

24 existing research and historical records of Indian 

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1 tion, scholarship, or other resources relevant to 

2 the purposes of this Act from— 

3 (i) any archive or any other document 

4 storage location, notwithstanding the loca5 tion of that archive or document storage lo6 cation; and 

7 (ii) any research conducted by private 

8 individuals, private entities, and non-Fed9 eral Government entities, whether domestic 

10 or foreign, including religious institutions; 

11 (B) collaborating with the Federal Truth 

12 and Healing Advisory Committee to obtain all 

13 relevant information from— 

14 (i) the Department of the Interior, the 

15 Department of Health and Human Services, 

16 other relevant Federal agencies, and institu17 tions or organizations, including religious 

18 institutions or organizations, that operated 

19 an Indian Boarding School, carried out In20 dian Boarding School Policies, or have in21 formation that the Commission determines 

22 to be relevant to the investigation of the 

23 Commission; and 

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1 waiian Affairs, and Native Hawaiian orga2 nizations; and 

3 (C) conducting a comprehensive assessment 

4 of the impacts of Indian Boarding School Poli5 cies on American Indian, Alaska Native, and 

6 Native Hawaiian students and alumni, includ7 ing the impact on cultures, traditions, and lan8 guages. 

9 (3) RESEARCH RELATED TO OBJECTS, ARTI10 FACTS, AND REAL PROPERTY.—If the Commission 

11 conducts a comprehensive review of research described 

12 in paragraph (2)(A)(ii) that focuses on objects, arti13 facts, or real or personal property that are in the pos14 session or control of private individuals, private enti15 ties, or non-Federal Government entities within the 

16 United States, the Commission may enter into a con17 tract or agreement to acquire, hold, curate, or main18 tain those objects, artifacts, or real or personal prop19 erty until the objects, artifacts, or real or personal 

20 property can be properly repatriated or returned, 

21 consistent with applicable Federal law, subject to the 

22 condition that no Federal funds may be used to pur23 chase those objects, artifacts, or real or personal prop24 erty. 

25 (b) MEETINGS AND CONVENINGS.— 


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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall hold, 

2 with the advice of the Native American Truth and 

3 Healing Advisory Committee and the Survivors Truth 

4 and Healing Subcommittee, and in coordination 

5 with, as relevant, Indian Tribes, Tribal organiza6 tions, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and Native Ha7 waiian organizations, as part of its investigation 

8 under subsection (a), safe, trauma-informed, and cul9 turally appropriate public or private meetings or 

10 convenings to receive testimony relating to that inves11 tigation. 

12 (2) REQUIREMENTS.—The Commission shall en13 sure that meetings and convenings held under para14 graph (1) provide access to adequate trauma-informed 

15 care services for participants, attendees, and commu16 nities during and following the meetings and 

17 convenings where the Commission receives testimony, 

18 including ensuring that private space is available for 

19 survivors and descendants of survivors, family mem20 bers, and other community members to receive trau21 ma-informed care services. 

22 (c) RECOMMENDATIONS.— 

23 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall make 

24 recommendations to Congress relating to the inves25 tigation carried out under subsection (a), which shall 


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1 be included in the final report required under sub2 section (e)(3). 

3 (2) INCLUSIONS.—Recommendations made under 

4 paragraph (1) shall include, at a minimum, rec5 ommendations relating to— 

6 (A) in light of Tribal and Native Hawaiian 

7 law, Tribal customary law, tradition, custom, 

8 and practice, how the Federal Government can 

9 meaningfully acknowledge the role of the Federal 

10 Government in supporting Indian Boarding 

11 School Policies in all issue areas that the Com12 mission determines relevant, including appro13 priate forms of memorialization, preservation of 

14 records, objects, artifacts, and burials; 

15 (B) how modification of existing statutes, 

16 procedures, regulations, policies, budgets, and 

17 practices will, in the determination of the Com18 mission, address the findings of the Commission 

19 and ongoing effects of Indian Boarding School 

20 Policies; and 

21 (C) how the Federal Government can pro22 mote public awareness of, and education about, 

23 Indian Boarding School Policies and the im24 pacts of those policies, including through coordi25 nating with the Native American Truth and 


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1 Healing Advisory Committee, the Survivors 

2 Truth and Healing Subcommittee, the Smithso3 nian Institution, and other relevant institutions 

4 and organizations. 

5 (d) DUTIES RELATED TO BURIALS.—The Commission 

6 shall, with respect to burial sites associated with Indian 

7 Boarding Schools— 

8 (1) coordinate, as appropriate, with the Native 

9 American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee, 

10 the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee, 

11 the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee, lin12 eal descendants, Indian Tribes, the Office of Hawai13 ian Affairs, Federal agencies, institutions, and orga14 nizations to locate and identify, in a culturally ap15 propriate manner, marked and unmarked burial 

16 sites, including cemeteries, unmarked graves, and 

17 mass burial sites, where students of Indian Boarding 

18 Schools were originally or later interred; 

19 (2) locate, document, analyze, and coordinate the 

20 preservation or continued preservation of records and 

21 information relating to the interment of students, in22 cluding any records held by Federal, State, inter23 national, or local entities or religious institutions or 

24 organizations; and 


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1 (3) share, to the extent practicable, with affected 

2 lineal descendants, Indian Tribes, and the Office of 

3 Hawaiian Affairs burial locations and the identities 

4 of children who attended Indian Boarding Schools. 

5 (e) REPORTS.— 

6 (1) ANNUAL REPORTS TO CONGRESS.—Not less 

7 frequently than annually until the year before the 

8 year in which the Commission expires, the Commis9 sion shall submit to the Committee on Indian Affairs 

10 of the Senate and the Committee on Natural Re11 sources of the House of Representatives a report that 

12 describes the activities of the Commission during the 

13 previous year, including an accounting of funds and 

14 gifts received and expenditures made, the progress 

15 made, and any barriers encountered in carrying out 

16 this Act. 

17 (2) COMMISSION INITIAL REPORT.—Not later 

18 than 4 years after the date on which a majority of 

19 the members of the Commission are appointed under 

20 section 101(b)(1), the Commission shall submit to the 

21 individuals described in paragraph (4), and make 

22 publicly available, an initial report containing— 

23 (A) a detailed review of existing research, 

24 including documentation, scholarship, or other 


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1 resources shared with the Commission that fur2 ther the purposes of this Act; 

3 (B) a detailed statement of the initial find4 ings and conclusions of the Commission; and 

5 (C) a detailed statement of the initial rec6 ommendations of the Commission. 

7 (3) COMMISSION FINAL REPORT.—Before the ex8 piration of the Commission, the Commission shall 

9 submit to the individuals described in paragraph (4), 

10 and make publicly available, a final report con11 taining the findings, conclusions, and recommenda12 tions of the Commission that have been agreed on by 

13 the vote of a majority of the members of the Commission and 3 14 ⁄5 of the members of each of the Native 

15 American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 

16 and the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee. 

17 (4) REPORT RECIPIENTS.—The individuals re18 ferred to in paragraphs (2) and (3) are— 

19 (A) the President; 

20 (B) the Secretary of the Interior; 

21 (C) the Attorney General; 

22 (D) the Comptroller General of the United 

23 States; 

24 (E) the Secretary of Education; 


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1 (F) the Secretary of Health and Human 

2 Services; 

3 (G) the Secretary of Defense; 

4 (H) the Chairperson and Vice Chairperson 

5 of the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Sen6 ate; 

7 (I) the Chairperson and ranking minority 

8 member of the Committee on Natural Resources 

9 of the House of Representatives; 

10 (J) the Co-Chairs of the Congressional Na11 tive American Caucus; 

12 (K) the Executive Director of the White 

13 House Council on Native American Affairs; 

14 (L) the Director of the Office of Manage15 ment and Budget; 

16 (M) the Archivist of the United States; 

17 (N) the Librarian of Congress; and 

18 (O) the Director of the National Museum of 

19 the American Indian. 

20 (5) ADDITIONAL COMMISSION RESPONSIBILITIES

21 RELATING TO THE PUBLICATION OF THE INITIAL AND

22 FINAL REPORTS.— 

23 (A) EVENTS RELATING TO INITIAL RE24 PORT.— 


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1 (i) IN GENERAL.—The Commission 

2 shall hold not fewer than 2 events in each 

3 region of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and 

4 in Hawai’i following publication of the ini5 tial report under paragraph (2) to receive 

6 comments on the initial report. 

7 (ii) TIMING.—The schedule of events 

8 referred to in clause (i) shall be announced 

9 not later than 90 days after the date on 

10 which the initial report under paragraph 

11 (6) is published. 

12 (B) PUBLICATION OF FINAL REPORT.—Not 

13 later than 180 days after the date on which the 

14 Commission submits the final report under para15 graph (3), the Commission, the Secretary of the 

16 Interior, the Secretary of Education, the Sec17 retary of Defense, and the Secretary of Health 

18 and Human Services shall each make the final 

19 report publicly available on the website of the 

20 applicable agency. 

21 (6) SECRETARIAL RESPONSE TO FINAL RE22 PORT.—Not later than 120 days after the date on 

23 which the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of 

24 Education, the Secretary of Defense, and the Sec25 retary of Health and Human Services receive the 


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1 final report under paragraph (3), the Secretaries 

2 shall each make publicly available a written response 

3 to recommendations for future action by those agen4 cies, if any, contained in the final report, and submit 

5 the written response to— 

6 (A) the President; 

7 (B) the Committee on Indian Affairs of the 

8 Senate; 

9 (C) the Committee on Natural Resources of 

10 the House of Representatives; and 

11 (D) the Comptroller General of the United 

12 States. 

13 Subtitle C—Survivors Truth and 

14 Healing Subcommittee 

15 SEC. 121. SURVIVORS TRUTH AND HEALING SUB16 COMMITTEE. 

17 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a sub18 committee of the Commission, to be known as the ‘‘Sur19 vivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee’’. 

20 (b) MEMBERSHIP, NOMINATION, AND APPOINTMENT TO

21 THE SURVIVORS TRUTH AND HEALING SUBCOMMITTEE.— 

22 (1) MEMBERSHIP.—The Survivors Truth and 

23 Healing Subcommittee shall include 15 members, to 

24 be appointed by the Commission, in consultation with 

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1 ing Coalition, from among the nominees submitted 

2 under paragraph (2)(A), of whom— 

3 (A) 12 shall be representatives from each of 

4 the 12 regions of the Bureau of Indian Affairs 

5 and 1 shall be a representative from Hawai’i; 

6 (B) 9 shall be individuals who attended an 

7 Indian Boarding School of whom— 

8 (i) not fewer than 2 shall be individ9 uals who graduated during the 5-year pe10 riod preceding the date of the enactment of 

11 this Act from— 

12 (I) an Indian Boarding School in 

13 operation as of that date of the enact14 ment; or 

15 (II) a Bureau of Indian Edu16 cation-funded school; and 

17 (ii) all shall represent diverse regions 

18 of the United States; 

19 (C) 5 shall be descendants of individuals 

20 who attended Indian Boarding Schools, who 

21 shall represent diverse regions of the United 

22 States; and 

23 (D) 1 shall be an educator who, as of the 

24 date of the appointment— 


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1 (i) is employed at an Indian Boarding 

2 School; or 

3 (ii) was employed at an Indian Board4 ing School during the 5-year period pre5 ceding the date of the enactment of this Act. 

6 (2) NOMINATIONS.— 

7 (A) IN GENERAL.—Indian Tribes, Tribal 

8 organizations, Native Americans, the Office of 

9 Hawaiian Affairs, and Native Hawaiian organi10 zations may submit to the Secretary of the Inte11 rior nominations for individuals to be appointed 

12 to the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub13 committee not later than 90 days after the date 

14 of the enactment of this Act. 

15 (B) SUBMISSION.—The Secretary of the In16 terior shall provide the Commission with nomi17 nations submitted under subparagraph (A) at 

18 the initial business meeting of the Commission 

19 under section 101(c)(1) and the Commission 

20 shall select the members of the Survivors Truth 

21 and Healing Subcommittee from among those 

22 nominees. 

23 (3) DATE.— 

24 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall 

25 appoint all members of the Survivors Truth and 


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1 Healing Subcommittee during the initial busi2 ness meeting of the Commission under section 

3 101(c)(1). 

4 (B) FAILURE TO APPOINT.—If the Commis5 sion fails to appoint all members of the Sur6 vivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee in ac7 cordance with subparagraph (A), the Chair of 

8 the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate, 

9 with the concurrence of the Vice Chair of the 

10 Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate, shall 

11 appoint individuals, in accordance with the re12 quirements of paragraph (1), to all vacant posi13 tions of the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub14 committee not later than 30 days after the date 

15 of the initial business meeting of the Commission 

16 under section 101(c)(1). 

17 (4) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT; VACANCIES; RE18 MOVAL.— 

19 (A) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT.—A member 

20 of the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub21 committee shall be appointed for an automati22 cally renewable term of 2 years. 

23 (B) VACANCIES.— 

24 (i) IN GENERAL.—A member of the 

25 Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee 


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1 may vacate the position at any time and 

2 for any reason. 

3 (ii) EFFECT; FILLING OF VACANCY.—A 

4 vacancy in the Survivors Truth and Heal5 ing Subcommittee— 

6 (I) shall not affect the powers of 

7 the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub8 committee if a simple majority of the 

9 positions of the Survivors Truth and 

10 Healing Subcommittee are filled; and 

11 (II) shall be filled within 90 days 

12 in the same manner as was the origi13 nal appointment. 

14 (C) REMOVAL.—A quorum of members of 

15 the Commission may remove a member of the 

16 Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee only 

17 for neglect of duty or malfeasance. 

18 (5) TERMINATION.—The Survivors Truth and 

19 Healing Subcommittee shall terminate 90 days after 

20 the date on which the Commission submits the final 

21 report required under section 111(e)(3). 

22 (6) LIMITATION.— 

23 (A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph 

24 (B), no member of the Survivors Truth and 


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1 Healing Subcommittee shall be an officer or em2 ployee of the Federal Government. 

3 (B) EXCEPTION.—Subparagraph (A) shall 

4 not apply to an employee of a Bureau school (as 

5 defined in section 1141 of the Education Amend6 ments of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 2021)). 

7 (c) BUSINESS MEETINGS.— 

8 (1) INITIAL MEETING.—Not later than 30 days 

9 after the date on which all members of the Survivors 

10 Truth and Healing Subcommittee are appointed 

11 under subsection (b)(1), the Survivors Truth and 

12 Healing Subcommittee shall hold an initial business 

13 meeting— 

14 (A) to appoint— 

15 (i) a Chairperson, who shall also serve 

16 as the Vice Chairperson of the Federal 

17 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee; 

18 (ii) a Vice Chairperson, who shall also 

19 serve as the Vice Chairperson of the Native 

20 American Truth and Healing Advisory 

21 Committee; and 

22 (iii) a Secretary; 

23 (B) to establish, with the advice of the Com24 mission, rules for the Survivors Truth and Heal25 ing Subcommittee; 


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1 (C) to appoint 3 designees to fulfill the re2 sponsibilities described in section 101(h)(1)(A); 

3 and 

4 (D) to appoint, with the advice of the Com5 mission, 2 members of the Survivors Truth and 

6 Healing Subcommittee to serve as non-voting 

7 designees on the Commission in accordance with 

8 section 101(c)(3). 

9 (2) SUBSEQUENT BUSINESS MEETINGS.—After 

10 the initial business meeting of the Survivors Truth 

11 and Healing subcommittee is held under paragraph 

12 (1), the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee 

13 shall meet at the call of the Chairperson. 

14 (3) FORMAT OF BUSINESS MEETINGS.—A busi15 ness meeting of the Survivors Truth and Healing 

16 Subcommittee may be conducted in-person or vir17 tually. 

18 (4) QUORUM REQUIRED.—A business meeting of 

19 the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee may 

20 be held only once a quorum, established in accordance 

21 with subsection (d), is present. 

22 (d) QUORUM.—A simple majority of the members of 

23 the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee present 

24 shall constitute a quorum for a business meeting. 


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1 (e) RULES.—The Survivors Truth and Healing Sub2 committee, with the advice of the Commission, may estab3 lish, by a majority vote, any rules for the conduct of busi4 ness, in accordance with this section and other applicable 

5 law. 

6 (f) DUTIES.—The Survivors Truth and Healing Sub7 committee shall assist the Commission, the Native American 

8 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee, and the Federal 

9 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee in coordinating 

10 public and private convenings, including— 

11 (1) providing advice to the Commission on devel12 oping criteria and protocols for convenings; 

13 (2) providing advice and evaluating Committee 

14 recommendations relating to the commemoration and 

15 public education relating to Indian Boarding Schools 

16 and Indian Boarding School Policies; and 

17 (3) providing such other advice as may be re18 quired by the Commission. 

19 (g) CONSULTATION OR ENGAGEMENT WITH NATIVE

20 AMERICANS, INDIAN TRIBES, TRIBAL ORGANIZATIONS, THE

21 OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN

22 ORGANIZATIONS.—In carrying out the duties of the Sur23 vivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee under subsection 

24 (f), the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee shall 

25 meaningfully consult or engage, as appropriate, in a timely 


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1 manner with Native Americans, Indian Tribes, Tribal or2 ganizations, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and Native 

3 Hawaiian organizations. 

4 (h) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT APPLICA5 BILITY.—Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code (com6 monly known as the ‘‘Federal Advisory Committee Act’’), 

7 shall not apply to the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub8 committee. 

9 (i) CONGRESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT APPLICA10 BILITY.—For purposes of the Congressional Accountability 

11 Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.)— 

12 (1) any individual who is an employee of the 

13 Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee shall be 

14 considered a covered employee under the Act; and 

15 (2) the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub16 committee shall be considered an employing office 

17 under the Act. 

18 (j) PERSONNEL MATTERS.— 

19 (1) COMPENSATION OF MEMBERS.—A member of 

20 the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee shall 

21 be compensated at a daily equivalent of the annual 

22 rate of basic pay prescribed for grade 13 of the Gen23 eral Schedule under section 5332 of title 5, United 

24 States Code, for each day, not to exceed 14 days per 

25 month, for which a member of the Survivors Truth 


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1 and Healing Subcommittee is engaged in the perform2 ance of their duties under this Act limited to con3 vening meetings, including public and private meet4 ings to receive testimony in furtherance of the duties 

5 of the Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee 

6 and the purposes of this Act. 

7 (2) TRAVEL EXPENSES.—A member of the Sur8 vivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee shall be al9 lowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 

10 subsistence, at rates authorized for employees of agen11 cies under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, 

12 United States Code, while away from their homes or 

13 regular places of business in the performance of serv14 ices for the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub15 committee. 

16 TITLE II—ADVISORY 

17 COMMITTEES 

18 Subtitle A—Native American Truth 

19 and Healing Advisory Committee 

20 SEC. 201. NATIVE AMERICAN TRUTH AND HEALING ADVI21 SORY COMMITTEE. 

22 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Commission shall establish 

23 an advisory committee, to be known as the ‘‘Native Amer24 ican Truth and Healing Advisory Committee’’. 


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1 (b) MEMBERSHIP, NOMINATION, AND APPOINTMENT TO

2 THE NATIVE AMERICAN TRUTH AND HEALING ADVISORY

3 COMMITTEE.— 

4 (1) MEMBERSHIP.— 

5 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Native American 

6 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee shall in7 clude 19 members, to be appointed by the Com8 mission from among the nominees submitted 

9 under paragraph (2)(A), of whom— 

10 (i) 1 shall be the Vice Chairperson of 

11 the Commission, who shall serve as the 

12 Chairperson of the Native American Truth 

13 and Healing Advisory Committee; 

14 (ii) 1 shall be the Vice Chairperson of 

15 the Survivors Truth and Healing Sub16 committee, who shall serve as the Vice 

17 Chairperson of the Native American Truth 

18 and Healing Advisory Committee; 

19 (iii) 1 shall be the Secretary of the In20 terior, or a designee, who shall serve as the 

21 Secretary of the Native American Truth 

22 and Healing Advisory Committee; 

23 (iv) 12 shall be representatives from 

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1 dian Affairs and 1 shall be a representative 

2 from Hawai’i; 

3 (v) 1 shall represent the National Na4 tive American Boarding School Healing Co5 alition; 

6 (vi) 1 shall represent the National As7 sociation of Tribal Historic Preservation 

8 Officers; and 

9 (vii) 1 shall represent the National In10 dian Education Association. 

11 (B) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.—Not 

12 fewer than 2 members of the Native American 

13 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee shall 

14 have experience with health care or mental 

15 health, traditional healing or cultural practices, 

16 counseling, or working with survivors, or de17 scendants of survivors, of Indian Boarding 

18 Schools to ensure that the Commission considers 

19 culturally responsive support for survivors, fami20 lies, and communities. 

21 (2) NOMINATIONS.— 

22 (A) IN GENERAL.—Indian Tribes, Tribal 

23 organizations, Native Americans, the Office of 

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1 rior nominations for individuals to be appointed 

2 to the Native American Truth and Healing Ad3 visory Committee not later than 90 days after 

4 the date of the enactment of this Act. 

5 (B) SUBMISSION.—The Secretary of the In6 terior shall provide the Commission with nomi7 nations submitted under subparagraph (A) at 

8 the initial business meeting of the Commission 

9 under section 101(c)(1) and the Commission 

10 shall select the members of the Native American 

11 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee from 

12 among those nominees. 

13 (3) DATE.— 

14 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall 

15 appoint all members of the Native American 

16 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee during 

17 the initial business meeting of the Commission 

18 under section 101(c)(1). 

19 (B) FAILURE TO APPOINT.—If the Commis20 sion fails to appoint all members of the Native 

21 American Truth and Healing Advisory Com22 mittee in accordance with subparagraph (A), the 

23 Chair of the Committee on Indian Affairs of the 

24 Senate, with the concurrence of the Vice Chair of 

25 the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate, 


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1 shall appoint, in accordance with the require2 ments of paragraph (1), individuals to all va3 cant positions of the Native American Truth and 

4 Healing Advisory Committee not later than 30 

5 days after the date of the initial business meet6 ing of the Commission under section 101(c)(1). 

7 (4) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT; VACANCIES.— 

8 (A) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT.—A member 

9 of the Native American Truth and Healing Advi10 sory Committee shall be appointed for an auto11 matically renewable term of 2 years. 

12 (B) VACANCIES.—A vacancy in the Native 

13 American Truth and Healing Advisory Com14 mittee— 

15 (i) shall not affect the powers of the 

16 Native American Truth and Healing Advi17 sory Committee if a simple majority of the 

18 positions of the Native American Truth and 

19 Healing Advisory Committee are filled; and 

20 (ii) shall be filled within 90 days in 

21 the same manner as was the original ap22 pointment. 

23 (5) TERMINATION.—The Native American Truth 

24 and Healing Advisory Committee shall terminate 90 


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1 days after the date on which the Commission submits 

2 the final report required under section 111(e)(3). 

3 (6) LIMITATION.—No member of the Native 

4 American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 

5 (other than the member described in paragraph 

6 (1)(A)(iii)) shall be an officer or employee of the Fed7 eral Government. 

8 (c) QUORUM.—A simple majority of the appointed 

9 members of the Native American Truth and Healing Advi10 sory Committee shall constitute a quorum. 

11 (d) REMOVAL.—A quorum of members of the Native 

12 American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee may re13 move another member only for neglect of duty or malfea14 sance. 

15 (e) BUSINESS MEETINGS.— 

16 (1) INITIAL BUSINESS MEETING.—Not later than 

17 30 days after the date on which all members of the 

18 Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Com19 mittee are appointed under subsection (b)(1)(A), the 

20 Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Com21 mittee shall hold an initial business meeting— 

22 (A) to establish rules for the Native Amer23 ican Truth and Healing Advisory Committee; 


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1 (B) to appoint 3 designees to fulfill the re2 sponsibilities described in section 101(h)(1)(A); 

3 and 

4 (C) to appoint 2 members of the Native 

5 American Truth and Healing Advisory Com6 mittee to serve as non-voting designees on the 

7 Commission in accordance with section 

8 101(c)(3). 

9 (2) SUBSEQUENT BUSINESS MEETINGS.—After 

10 the initial business meeting of the Native American 

11 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee is held under 

12 paragraph (1), the Native American Truth and Heal13 ing Advisory Committee shall meet at the call of the 

14 Chairperson. 

15 (3) FORMAT OF BUSINESS MEETINGS.—A meet16 ing of the Native American Truth and Healing Advi17 sory Committee may be conducted in-person or vir18 tually. 

19 (4) QUORUM REQUIRED.—A business meeting of 

20 the Native American Truth and Healing Advisory 

21 Committee may be held only once a quorum, estab22 lished in accordance with subsection (c), is present. 

23 (f) RULES.—The Native American Truth and Healing 

24 Advisory Committee may establish, with the advice of the 

25 Commission, by a majority vote, any rules for the conduct 


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1 of business, in accordance with this section and other appli2 cable law. 

3 (g) DUTIES.—The Native American Truth and Heal4 ing Advisory Committee shall— 

5 (1) serve as an advisory body to the Commission; 

6 (2) assist the Commission in organizing and car7 rying out culturally appropriate public and private 

8 convenings relating to the duties of the Commission; 

9 (3) assist the Commission in determining what 

10 documentation from Federal and religious organiza11 tions and institutions may be necessary to fulfill the 

12 duties of the Commission; 

13 (4) assist the Commission in the production of 

14 the initial report and final report required under 

15 paragraphs (2) and (3), respectively, of section 

16 111(e); 

17 (5) coordinate with the Federal Truth and Heal18 ing Advisory Committee and the Survivors Truth and 

19 Healing Subcommittee; and 

20 (6) provide advice to, or fulfill such other re21 quests by, the Commission as the Commission may re22 quire to carry out the purposes described in section 

23 3. 

24 (h) CONSULTATION OR ENGAGEMENT WITH NATIVE

25 AMERICANS, INDIAN TRIBES, TRIBAL ORGANIZATIONS, THE


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1 OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN

2 ORGANIZATIONS.—In carrying out the duties of the Native 

3 American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee under 

4 subsection (g), the Native American Truth and Healing Ad5 visory Committee shall meaningfully consult or engage, as 

6 appropriate, in a timely manner with Native Americans, 

7 Indian Tribes, Tribal organizations, the Office of Hawaiian 

8 Affairs, and Native Hawaiian organizations. 

9 (i) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT APPLICA10 BILITY.—Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code (com11 monly known as the ‘‘Federal Advisory Committee Act’’), 

12 shall not apply to the Native American Truth and Healing 

13 Advisory Committee. 

14 (j) CONGRESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT APPLICA15 BILITY.—For purposes of the Congressional Accountability 

16 Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.)— 

17 (1) any individual who is an employee of the 

18 Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Com19 mittee shall be considered a covered employee under 

20 the Act; and 

21 (2) the Native American Truth and Healing Ad22 visory Committee shall be considered an employing 

23 office under the Act. 

24 (k) PERSONNEL MATTERS.— 


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1 (1) COMPENSATION OF MEMBERS.—A member of 

2 the Native American Truth and Healing Advisory 

3 Committee shall be compensated at a daily equivalent 

4 of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for grade 

5 13 of the General Schedule under section 5332 of title 

6 5, United States Code, for each day, not to exceed 14 

7 days per month, for which a member is engaged in 

8 the performance of their duties under this Act, limited 

9 to convening meetings, including public and private 

10 meetings to receive testimony in furtherance of the 

11 duties of the Native American Truth and Healing Ad12 visory Committee and the purposes of this Act. 

13 (2) TRAVEL EXPENSES.—A member of the Native 

14 American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 

15 shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem 

16 in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for employ17 ees of agencies under subchapter I of chapter 57 of 

18 title 5, United States Code, while away from their 

19 homes or regular places of business in the perform20 ance of services for the Native American Truth and 

21 Healing Advisory Committee. 


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1 Subtitle B—Federal Truth and 

2 Healing Advisory Committee 

3 SEC. 211. FEDERAL TRUTH AND HEALING ADVISORY COM4 MITTEE. 

5 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established within the 

6 Department of the Interior an advisory committee, to be 

7 known as the ‘‘Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com8 mittee’’. 

9 (b) MEMBERSHIP AND APPOINTMENT TO THE FED10 ERAL TRUTH AND HEALING ADVISORY COMMITTEE.— 

11 (1) MEMBERSHIP.—The Federal Truth and 

12 Healing Advisory Committee shall include 17 mem13 bers, of whom— 

14 (A) 1 shall be the Chairperson of the Com15 mission, who shall serve as the Chairperson of 

16 the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com17 mittee; 

18 (B) 1 shall be the Chairperson of the Sur19 vivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee, who 

20 shall serve as the Vice Chairperson of the Federal 

21 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee; 

22 (C) 1 shall be the White House Domestic 

23 Policy Advisor, who shall serve as the Secretary 

24 of the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com25 mittee; 


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1 (D) 1 shall be the Director of the Bureau of 

2 Trust Funds Administration (or a designee); 

3 (E) 1 shall be the Archivist of the United 

4 States (or a designee); 

5 (F) 1 shall be the Librarian of Congress (or 

6 a designee); 

7 (G) 1 shall be the Director of the Depart8 ment of the Interior Library (or a designee); 

9 (H) 1 shall be the Director of the Indian 

10 Health Service (or a designee); 

11 (I) 1 shall be the Assistant Secretary for 

12 Mental Health and Substance Abuse of the De13 partment of Health and Human Services (or a 

14 designee); 

15 (J) 1 shall be the Commissioner of the Ad16 ministration for Native Americans of the De17 partment of Health and Human Services (or a 

18 designee); 

19 (K) 1 shall be the Director of the National 

20 Institutes of Health (or a designee); 

21 (L) 1 shall be the Senior Program Director 

22 of the Office of Native Hawaiian Relations of the 

23 Department of the Interior (or a designee); 


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1 (M) 1 shall be the Director of the Office of 

2 Indian Education of the Department of Edu3 cation (or a designee); 

4 (N) 1 shall be the Director of the Rural, In5 sular, and Native American Achievement Pro6 grams of the Department of Education (or a des7 ignee); 

8 (O) 1 shall be the Executive Director of the 

9 Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (or a 

10 designee); 

11 (P) 1 shall be the Assistant Secretary of In12 dian Affairs (or a designee); and 

13 (Q) 1 shall be the Director of the Bureau of 

14 Indian Education (or a designee). 

15 (2) PERIOD OF SERVICE; VACANCIES; RE16 MOVAL.— 

17 (A) PERIOD OF SERVICE.—A member of the 

18 Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 

19 shall serve for an automatically renewable term 

20 of 2 years. 

21 (B) VACANCIES.—A vacancy in the Federal 

22 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee— 

23 (i) shall not affect the powers of the 

24 Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com25 mittee if a simple majority of the positions 


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1 of the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory 

2 Committee are filled; and 

3 (ii) shall be filled within 90 days in 

4 the same manner as was the original ap5 pointment. 

6 (C) REMOVAL.—A quorum of members of 

7 the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com8 mittee may remove a member of the Federal 

9 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee only for 

10 neglect of duty or malfeasance. 

11 (3) TERMINATION.—The Federal Truth and 

12 Healing Advisory Committee shall terminate 90 days 

13 after the date on which the Commission submits the 

14 final report required under section 111(e)(3). 

15 (c) BUSINESS MEETINGS.— 

16 (1) INITIAL BUSINESS MEETING.—Not later than 

17 30 days after the date of the initial business meeting 

18 of the Commission under section 101(c)(1), the Fed19 eral Truth and Healing Advisory Committee shall 

20 hold an initial business meeting— 

21 (A) to establish rules for the Federal Truth 

22 and Healing Advisory Committee; and 

23 (B) to appoint 2 members of the Federal 

24 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee to serve 


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1 as non-voting designees on the Commission in 

2 accordance with section 101(c)(3). 

3 (2) SUBSEQUENT BUSINESS MEETINGS.—After 

4 the initial business meeting of the Federal Truth and 

5 Healing Advisory Committee is held under paragraph 

6 (1), the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Com7 mittee shall meet at the call of the Chairperson. 

8 (3) FORMAT OF BUSINESS MEETINGS.—A busi9 ness meeting of the Federal Truth and Healing Advi10 sory Committee may be conducted in-person or vir11 tually. 

12 (4) QUORUM REQUIRED.—A business meeting of 

13 the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 

14 may be held only once a quorum, established in ac15 cordance with subsection (d), is present. 

16 (d) QUORUM.—A simple majority of the members of 

17 the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee present 

18 shall constitute a quorum for a business meeting. 

19 (e) RULES.—The Federal Truth and Healing Advisory 

20 Committee may establish, with the advice of the Commis21 sion, by a majority vote, any rules for the conduct of busi22 ness, in accordance with this section and other applicable 

23 law. 

24 (f) DUTIES.—The Federal Truth and Healing Advi25 sory Committee shall— 


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1 (1) ensure the effective and timely coordination 

2 among Federal agencies in furtherance of the purposes 

3 of this Act; 

4 (2) assist the Commission and the Native Amer5 ican Truth and Healing Advisory Committee in co6 ordinating— 

7 (A) meetings and other related public and 

8 private convenings; and 

9 (B) the collection, organization, and preser10 vation of information obtained from witnesses 

11 and by other Federal agencies; and 

12 (3) ensure the timely submission to the Commis13 sion of materials, documents, testimony, and such 

14 other information as the Commission determines to be 

15 necessary to carry out the duties of the Commission. 

16 (g) CONSULTATION OR ENGAGEMENT WITH NATIVE

17 AMERICANS, INDIAN TRIBES, TRIBAL ORGANIZATIONS, THE

18 OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS, AND NATIVE HAWAIIAN

19 ORGANIZATIONS.—In carrying out the duties of the Federal 

20 Truth and Healing Advisory Committee under subsection 

21 (f), the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory Committee 

22 shall meaningfully consult or engage, as appropriate, in a 

23 timely manner with Native Americans, Indian Tribes, 

24 Tribal organizations, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and 

25 Native Hawaiian organizations. 


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1 (h) NONDISCLOSURE.— 

2 (1) PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 APPLICABILITY.—Sub3 section (b) of section 552a of title 5, United States 

4 Code (commonly known as the ‘‘Privacy Act of 

5 1974’’), shall not apply to the Federal Truth and 

6 Healing Advisory Committee. 

7 (2) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT APPLICA8 BILITY.—Records and other communications in the 

9 possession of the Federal Truth and Healing Advisory 

10 Committee shall be exempt from disclosure under sec11 tion (b)(3)(B) of section 552 of title 5, United States 

12 Code (commonly known as the ‘‘Freedom of Informa13 tion Act’’). 

14 (3) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT APPLI15 CABILITY.—Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code 

16 (commonly known as the ‘‘Federal Advisory Com17 mittee Act’’), shall not apply to the Federal Truth 

18 and Healing Advisory Committee. 

19 TITLE III—GENERAL 

20 PROVISIONS 

21 SEC. 301. CLARIFICATION. 

22 Any human remains or associated or unassociated fu23 nerary objects located on Federal land, on land managed 

24 by a Federal agency, or land otherwise curated by a Federal 

25 agency and relating to an Indian Boarding School shall 


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1 be considered collections or holdings over which a Federal 

2 agency has possession or control and the Native American 

3 Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (25 U.S.C. 3001 

4 et seq.) shall apply. 

5 SEC. 302. BURIAL MANAGEMENT. 

6 A Federal agency that carries out activities pursuant 

7 to this Act or that created or controls a cemetery with re8 mains of an individual who attended an Indian Boarding 

9 School may rebury the remains of that individual and any 

10 associated funerary items that have been repatriated pursu11 ant to section 7 of the Native American Graves Protection 

12 and Repatriation Act (25 U.S.C. 3005), consistent with 

13 Tribal practices, on any Federal land as agreed to by the 

14 relevant parties. 

15 SEC. 303. CO-STEWARDSHIP AGREEMENTS. 

16 A Federal agency that carries out activities pursuant 

17 to this Act or that created or controls a cemetery with re18 mains of an individual who attended an Indian Boarding 

19 School or an Indian Boarding School may enter into a co20 stewardship agreement for the management of the cemetery 

21 or Indian Boarding School. 

22 SEC. 304. NO RIGHT OF ACTION. 

23 Nothing in this Act creates a private right of action 

24 to seek administrative or judicial relief. 


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1 SEC. 305. SEVERABILITY. 

2 If any provision of this Act is held invalid, the remain3 der of this Act shall not be affected thereby. 


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Union Calendar No. 630 

118TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 7227 

[Report No. 118–760, Part I] 

A BILL 

To establish the Truth and Healing Commission on 

States, and for other purposes. Indian Boarding School Policies in the United 

NOVEMBER 22, 2024 

Reported from the Committee on Education and the 

Workforce with an amendment 

NOVEMBER 22, 2024 

Committees on Natural Resources and Energy and Comto be printed Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered merce discharged; committed to the Committee of the 


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