DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 301

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

1911

PART I. NORTH ATLANTIC COAST

PREPARED mTOER THE DIRECTION OP M. O. tEIGHTOK

BY

G. C. BABB, C. C. COVERT, AND R. H. BOLSTER

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1912
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR < 

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SUEVEY

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOB

WATER- SUPPLY PAPER 301

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

1911

PART I. NORTH ATLANTIC COAST

PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF M. O. IiEIGHTON

BY

C. C. BABB, C. C. COVEET, AND E. H. BOLSTEE

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1912
CONTENTS.

Page.

Authorization of work..................................................... 7

Publications.............................................................. 8

Definition of terms. ........................................................ 10

Convenient equivalents.................................................... 11

Explanation of data........................................................ 12

Accuracy and reliability of field data and comparative results................. 14

Cooperation and acknowledgments......................................... 15

Division of work.......................................................... 19

St. John River basin....................................................... 19

St. John River near Dickey, Maine..................................... 19

St. John River at Fort Kent, Maine...................-:................. 21

St. John River at Van Buren, Maine.................................... 24

Allagash River near Allagash, Maine.................................... 26

St. Francis River near St. Francis, Maine................................ 28

Madawaska River at St. Rose du Degele, Quebec ........................ 30

Fish River at Wallagrass, Maine........................................ 32

St. Croix River basin............................;......................... 34

St. Croix River near Woodland, Maine................................... 34

West Branch of St. Croix River near Baileyville, Maine.................. 36

Machias River basin........................................................ 38

Machias River at Whitneyville, Maine.................................. 38

Union River basin......................................................... 40

Union River at Amherst, Maine......:.................................. 40

Green Lake at Green Lake, Maine...................................... 41

Green Lake Stream at Lakewood, Maine................................ 42

Branch Lake near Ellsworth, Maine.................................... 44

Branch Lake Stream near Ellsworth, Maine............................. 45

Penobscot River basin....................................................... 47

West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinocket, Maine.................... 47

Penobscot River at West Enfield, Maine................................ 48

East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, Maine.................... 51

, Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamkeag, Maine.......................... 53

Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, Maine.................................. 55

Kenduskeag Stream near Bangor, Maine................................. 57

Kennebec River basin...................................................... 60

Moose River near Rockwood, Maine..................................... 60

Moosehead Lake at east outlet, Maine................................... 62

Kennebec River at The Forks, Maine................................... 62

Kennebec River at Waterville, Maine..................................... 65

Dead River near The Forks, Maine...................................... 66

Sandy River near Farmington, Maine................................... 68

Sebasticook River at Pittsfield, Maine.........:......................... 69

Cobbosseecontee Stream at Gardiner, Maine............................. 72

a
4 CONTENTS.

Page.

Androscoggin River basin................................................... 73

Androscoggin River at Errol Dam, N. H..................^.............. 73

Androscoggin River at Rumford Falls, Maine............................ 75

Presumpscot River basin................................................... 76

Presumpscot River at outlet of Sebago Lake, Maine..................... 76

Saco River basin.......................................................... 78

Saco River near Center Conway, N. H................................. 78

Saco River at West Buxton, Maine...................................... 79

Merrimac River basin..................................................... 80

Pemigewasset River at Plymouth, N. H................................. 80

Merrimac River at Franklin Junction, N. H. ........................... 83

Merrimac River at Garvins Falls, N. H................................. 85

Merrimac River at Lawrence, Mass.................................... 86

Lake Winnepesaukee at Lakeport, N. H............................... 89

Souhegan River at Merrimac, N. H..................................... 90

South Branch of Nashua River at Clinton, Mass........................ 92

Sudbury River at Farmingham and Lake Cochituate at Cochituate, Mass.. . 93

Blackstone River basin.................................................... 95

Branch River at Branch Village, R. I............... ^.................. 95

Woonasquatucket River basin............................................. 96

Woonasquatucket River at Olneyville, R.I............................ 96

Pawtuxet River basin.................................................... 96

Pawtuxet River at Harris, R.I........................................ 96

Connecticut River basin................................................... 97

Connecticut River at Orford, N. H................:.................... 97

Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass.................................. 99

Passumpsic River near St. Johnsbury, Vt............................... 101

White River near Sharon, Vt......................................... 104

Ashuelot River at Hinsdale, N. H................................ .'.. .. 106

Millers River at Wendel, Mass ......................................... 106

Deerfield River at Hoosac Tunnel, Mass................................. 108

Deerfield River at Shelburne Falls, Mass................................ 108

Chicopee River tributaries............................................ 110

Ware River near Ware, Mass...................................... 110

Swift River near West Ware, Mass.................................. 110

Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass............................. Ill

Westfield River at Knightville, Mass ...>...........-.........-......--.. Ill

Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass................. 114

Westfield Little River near Blandford, Mass............................ 116

Housatonic River basin................................................... 116

Housatonic River at Gaylordsville, Conn................................ 116

Hudson River basin...................................................... 117

Comparison of discharge of streams in the Hudson River basin......... 117

Hudson River at North Creek, N. Y................................... 122

Hudson River at Thurman, N. Y...................................... 125

Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y......................................... 127

Hudson River at Mechanicville, N. Y.................................... 138

Cedar River near Indian Lake, N. Y.................................... 139

Indian Lake reservoir at Indian Lake, N. Y............................. 140

Schroon River at Pottersville, N. Y..................................... 142

Schroon River at Riverbank,' N. Y.................................... 142

Sacandaga River at Wells, N. Y........................................ 145

Sacandaga River near Hope, N. Y..................................... 147
ILLtTSTEATIONS. 5

Page.

Hudson River basin Continued.

Sacandaga River at Hadley, N. Y...................................... 148

West Branch of Sacandaga River at Blackbridge, near Wells, N. Y....... 152

Hoosic River near Eagle Bridge, N. Y.................................. 153

Schoharie Creek at Prattsville, N. Y..................................... 155

Kinderhook Creek at Rossman, N. Y................................... 156

Esopus Creek near Olive Bridge, N. Y.................................. 157

Esopus Creek at Mount Marion, N. Y.................................... 158

Rondout Creek at Rosendale, N. Y...................................... 160

Passaic River basin....................................................... 162,

Passaic River near Chatham, N. J...................................... 162

Delaware River basin..................................................... 164

East Branch of Delaware River at Hancock, N. Y........................ 164

Delaware River at Port Jervis, N. Y.................................... 165

Delaware River at Riegelsville, N. J...............................:.... 167

West Branch of Delaware River at Hancock, N. Y........................ 169

Mongaup River at Rio, N. Y........................................:.. 172

Neversink River at Godeff roy, N. Y.......................:............. 173

Lehigh River at South Bethlehem, Pa.................................. 174

Tohickon Creek at Point Pleasant, Pa................................... 176

Neshaminy Creek belpw Forks, Pa...................................... 178

Schuylkill River near Philadelphia, Pa.........................\....... 179

Perkiomen Creek near Frederick, Pa.................................... 180

Susquehanna River basin................................................. 181

Susquehanna River at Binghamton, N. Y............................... 181

Susquehanna River at Wilkes-Barre, Pa................................. 183

Susquehanna River at Danville, Pa....................................... 185

Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pa.................................. 187

Chenango River at Binghamton, N. Y................................... 189

Chemung River at Chemung, N. Y..................................... 192

West Branch of Susquehanna River at Williamsport, Pa................. 193

Juniata River at Newport, Pa......................................... 195

Potomac River basin....................................................... 197

Potomac River at Point of Rocks, Md.................................. 197

Monocacy River near Frederick, Md..................................... 199

Goose Creek near Leesburg, Va.......................................... 201

Rappahannock River basin................................................. 203

Rappahannock River near Fredericksburg, Va........................... 203

Miscellaneous measurements................................................ 205

Summary of discharge per square mile....................................... 206

Index...............................:.................................... 209

ILLUSTRATIONS.

, Page. 

PLATE I. Map showing mean annual precipitation in the United States....... 14

II. Map showing mean annual run-off in the United States.............. 14

III. Typical gaging stations: A, For bridge measurements; B, For wading measurement.............................................. 14

'IV. Small Price current meters..._.................................. 15
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC

COAST, 1911.

By C. C. BABB, C. C. COVERT, and E. H. BOLSTER.

AUTHORIZATION OF WORK.

This volume is Part I of a series of twelve reports presenting results 

of measurements of flow made on certain streams in the United States 

during the calendar year 1911. The reports are listed in the following 

table:

Papers on surface water supply of the United States, 1911.

Part."

I

II

III

IV

V 

VI

VII

VIII

IX

X

XI

XII

No.

301

302

303

304

305 

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

Title.

»

North Atlantic coast.

South Atlantic .coast and eastern Gulf of Mexico.

Ohio River basin.

St. Lawrence River basin.

Upper Mississippi River and Hudson Bay basins. 

Missouri River basin.

Lower Mississippi River basin. ,. Western Gulf of Mexico.

Colorado River basin.

Great Basin.

Pacific coast in California.

North Pacific coast.

a For the purpose of uniformity in the presentation of reports, a general plan has been agreed upon by the 

United States Reclamation Service, the United States Forest Service, the United States Weather Bureau, 

and the United States Geological Survey, according to which the area of the United States has been divided 

into 12 parts, whose boundaries coincide with natural drainage lines indicated by the parts of the report.

The data presented in these reports were collected by the United 

States Geological Survey under authority implied in the organic law 

(20Stat. Lv p. 394) which contains the folio wing paragraph:

Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the geological 

survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the geological structure, 

mineral resources, and products of the national domain.

The work was begun in 1888 in connection with special studies of 

water supply for irrigation.
8 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Since the fiscal year ending June 30, 1895, successive sundry civil 

bills passed by Congress have carried the following item and appropriations :

For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, and 

for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, and for the preparation of reports upon the best methods of utilizing the water resources.

Annual appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30 

1895..................................................... $12,500

1896................................................... 20,000

1897 to 1900, inclusive:.................................. 50, 000

1901 to 1902, inclusive................................... 100,000

1903 to 1906, inclusive/.................................. 200,000

1907................................^ .................. 150,000

1908 to 1910, inclusive................................... 100,000

1911 to 1913, inclusive .................................. 150,000

In the execution of the work various private and State organizations have cooperated. Acknowledgments for such cooperation is 

made on page 15, and also in connection with the description of each 

station affected by the cooperative work.

PUBLICATIONS.

Measurements of stream flow ^ have been made at more than 2,000 '

points in the United States and also at many points in small areas in 

Sewaf d Peninsula and the Yukon-Tanana region, Alaska, and in the 

Hawaiian Islands. During 1911 gaging stations were maintained by 

the Survey and the cooperating organizations at about 1,500 points in 

the United States and many discharge measurements were made at other 

points. In connection with this work data were also collected in regard 

to precipitation, evaporation, storage reservoirs, river profiles, and 

water power in many sections of the country, and will be made available in the regular surface water-supply papers from time to time. 

A complete list of the gaging stations maintained by the Survey to 

and including 1910 and a'list of the papers relating to the water 

supply of the country has been published by the Survey as WaterSupply Paper 280. An index to the reports containing stream-flow 

measurements prior to 1904 has been published as Water-Supply 

Paper 119.

For each calendar year there has been prepared a report embodying 

the stream-flow data collected during that year, which has been 

published either as a part of the Annual Keport of the Director, as 

a bulletin, or as a water-supply paper, as shown by the following 

table:
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST.

Stream-jlow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey. 

[A= Annual Report; B= Bulletin; WS= Water-Supply Paper.]

Report.

10th A, pt.2.. ........

llth A, pt.2. .........

12th A, pt.2.. ........

13th A, pt. 3.. ........

14th A, pt.2..........

B131. ................

16th A, pt.2... .......

B140. ................

WS 11... .............

18th A, pt. 4. .........

WS 13. ...............

WS 16. ...............

19th A, pt. 4.. ........

WS 27.. ..............

WS 28.. ..............

20th A, pt. 4... .......

WS 35 to 39. ..........

21st A, pt. 4... ........

WS47to52..... ......

22d A, pt.4. ..........

WS6l$,66.............

WS 75.. ..............

WS82 to 85. ..........

WS97 to 100.. ........

WS 124 to 135.........

WS 165 to 178.........

WS201to214.........

WS 241 to 252. ........

WS261to272.........

WS281 to 292. .........

WS301 to 312. ........

Character of data.

.....do..........................................................

Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, ratings, and monthly 

discharge (also many data covering earlier years).

Descriptions, measurements, ratings, and monthly discharge 

(also similar data for some earlier years). 

Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights, eastern United 

States, eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River above 

junction with Kansas. 

Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights, western Mississippi River below junction of Missouri and Platte, and western 

United States. 

Descriptions, measurements, ratings, and monthly discharge 

(also some,long-time records). 

Measurements; ratings, and gage heights, eastern United States, 

eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River. 

Measurements, ratings, and gage heights, Arkansas River and 

western United States.

Monthly discharge ..............................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

.....do..........................................................

Year.

.1884 to Sept., 

1890. 

1884 to June 30, 

1891. 

1884 to Dec. 31, 

1892. 

1888 to Dec. 31, 

1893. 

1893 and 1894.

1895.

1896. 

1895 and 1896.

1897. 

1897.

1897. 

1898. 

1898.

1898. 

1899. 

1899. 

1900. 

1900. 

1901. 

1901. 

1902. 

1903. 

1904. 

1905. 

1906. 

1907-8. 

1909. 

1910. 

1911.

NOTE. No data regarding stream flow are given hi the 15th and 17th annual reports.

The table which follows gives, by years and drainage basins, the 

numbers of the papers on surface-water supply published from 1899 

to 1911. The data for any particular station will be found in the 

reports covering the years during which the station was maintained. 

For example, data for Machias River at Whitneyville, Me., 1903 to 

1911, are published in Water-Supply Papers 97, 124, 165, 201, 241, 

261, 281, and 301, which contain records for the New England streams 

from 1903 to 1911.
10 SUEFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I. 

Numbers of water-supply papers containing results of stream measurements, 1899-1911'

North Atlantic coast (St. John

South Atlantic coast and eastern 

Gulf of Mexico (James River to

Ohio River basin.................

St. Lawrence River and Great

Hudson Bay and upper Mississippi River .....................

Western Gulf oiMexico ...........

Great Basin. ......................

Pacific coast in California. ........

North Atlantic coast (St. John

South Atlantic coast and eastern 

Gulf of Mexico (James River to

Ohio River basin .................

St. Lawrence River and Great

Hudson Bay and upper MissisMissouri River ....................

Lower Mississippi River ..........

Pacific coast in California. ........

1899«

35

035,36 

36

36

36 

* 36, 37 

37 

37 

»37,38 

38,P39 

38, r39 

38

19006

47,c48

48 

48, >> 49

49

49 

49, ?50 

50 

50 

50 

51 

51 

51

1905 .

d 165, e 166, / 167

/167, 168 

169

170

in

172 

^169,173

174 

175,ol77 

176,9177 

177 

* 177, 178

1901

65,75

65,75 

65,75

65,75

^65,66,75 

66,75 

^65,66, 75 

66,75 

66,75 

66,75 

66,75 

66,75

1906

d201,«202,/203

/203,204 

205

206

207 

208 

/ 205, 209 

210 

211 

212, 9-213 

213 

214

1902

82

082,83 

83

*82,83

J'83,85 

84 

^83,84 

84 

85 

85 

85 

85

1907-8

241

242 

243

244

245 

246

247 

248 

249 

250,?251 

251 

252

1903

97

?97,98 

98

97

^98,99,100 

99 

.798,99 

99 

100 

100 

100 

100

1909

261

262 

263

264

265

266 

267 

268 

269 

270, 9271 

271 

272

1904

<U24,«125,/126

/126,127 

128

129

3 128, 130 

130,wl31 

.#128,131 

132 

133 

133. 9 134 

134 

135

1910

281

282 

283

284

285 

286 

287 

288 

289 

290 

291 

292

1911

301

302 

303

304

305

306 

307 

308 

309 

310 

311 

312

« Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 35-39 contained in Water-Supply Paper 39. 

6 Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 47-52 and data on precipitation, wells, and irrigation 

in California and Utah contained in Water-Supply Paper 52. 

c Wissahickon and Schuylkill rivers to James River. 

<J New England rivers only. 

e Hudson River to Delaware River, inclusive. 

/ Susquehanna River to Yadkin River, inclusive. 

a James River only. 

A Scioto River.

f Lake Ontario and tributaries to St. Lawrence River proper. 

i Tributaries of Mississippi from east. 

* Gallatin'River.

i Loup and Platte rivers near Columbus, Nebr., and all tributaries below junction with Platte. 

m Platte and Kansas rivers.

» Green and Gunnison rivers and Grand River above junction with Gunnison. 

o Below junction with Gila. 

t Mohave River only.

9 Great Basin in California, excepting Truckee and Carson drainage basins. 

r Kings and Kern rivers and south Pacific coast drainage basins. 

» Rogue, Umpqua, and Siletz rivers only.

DEFINITION OF TERMS.

The volume of water flowing in a stream the "run-off" or "discharge" is expressed in various terms, each of which has become 

associated with a certain class of work. These terms may ,be divided 

into two groups (1) those which represent a rate of flow, as secondfeet, gallons per minute, miner's inches, and discharge in second-feet 

per square mile, and (2) those which represent the actual quantity 

of water, as run-off in depth in inches, and acre-feet. The units used 

in this series of reports are second-feet, second-feet per square mile,
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 11

run-off in depth in inches, and acre-feet. They may be defined as 

follows:

" Second-foot" is an abbreviation for cubic foot per second and is the 

unit for the rate of discharge of water flowing in a stream 1 foot wide, 

1 foot deep, at a rate of 1 foot a second. It is generally used as a 

fundamental unit from which others are computed by the use of the 

factors given in the following table of equivalents.

"Second-feet per square mile" is the average number of cubic feet 

of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, 

on the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly both as 

regards time and area.

"Run-off in depth in inches" is the depth to which the drainage 

area would be covered if all the water flowing from it in a given 

period were conserved and uniformly distributed on the surface. It 

is used for comparing run-off with rainfall, which is usually expressed 

in depth in inches.

An "acre-foot" is equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet, and is the quantity required to cover an acre to the depth of 1 foot. The term is 

commonly used in connection with storage for irrigation work.

CONVENIENT EQUIVALENTS.

The following is a list of convenient equivalents for use in hydraulic 

computations:

Table far converting discharge in second-feet per square mile into run-off in depth in indies

over the area.

Second-feet 

per squarip 

mile.

1... ......

2.........

4.........

C

{::::.r:::

7.........

8.........

9.........

Run-off in inches.

1 day.

0.03719 

.07438 

.11157 

.14876 

.18595 

.22314 

.26033 

.29752 

.33471

28 days.

1.041 

2.083 

3.124 

4.165 

5.207 

6.248 

7.289 

8.331 

9.372

29 days.

1.079 

2.157 

3.236 

4.314 

5.393 

6.471 

7.550 

8.628 

9.707

30 days.

1.116 

2.231 

3.347 

4.463 

5.578 

6.694 

7.810 

8.926 

10.041

31 days.

1.153 

2.306 

3.459 

4.612 

5.764 

6.917 

8.070 

9.223 

10.376

NOTE. For partial month multiply the values for one day by the number of days.

Table for converting discharge in second-feet into run-off in acre-feet.

Secondfeet.

1.........

2.........

4. ........

5.........

6.........

7.. .......

8.........

9.........

Run-off in acre-feet.

1 day.

1.983 

3.967 

5.950 

7.934 9.917- 

11.90 

13.88 

15.87 

17.85

28 days.

55.54 

111.1 

166.6 

222.1 

277.7 

333.2 

388.8 

444.3 

499.8

29 days.

57.52 

115.0 

172.6 

230.1 

287.6 

345.1 

. 402.6 

460.2 

517.7

30 days.

59.50 

119.0 

178.5 

238.0 

297.5 

357.0 

416.5 

476.0 

535.5

31 days.

61.49 

123.0 

184.5 

246.0 

307.4 

368.9 

430.4 

491.9 

553.4

Nori. For partial month multiply values for one day by the number of days.
12 STJBFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

1 second-foot equals 40 California miner's inches (law of March 23,1901). 

1 second-foot equals 38.4 Colorado miner's inches. 

1 second-foot equals 40 Arizona miner's inches.

1 second-foot equals 7.48 United States gallons per second; equals 448.8 gallons per 

minute; equals 646,317 gallons for one day.

1 second-foot for one year covers 1 square mile 1.131 feet or 13.572 inches deep. 

1 second-foot for one year equals 31,536,000 cubic feet. 

1 second-foot equals about 1 acre-inch per hour. 

1 second-foot for one day equals 86,400 cubic feet.

1,000,000,000 (1 United States billion) cubic feet equals 11,570 second-feet for 1 day. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 414 second-feet for one 28-day month. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 399 second-feet for one 29-day month. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 386 second-feet for one 30-day month. 

1,000,000,000 cubic feet equals 373 second-feet for one 31-day month. 

100 California miner's inches equals 18.7 United States gallons per second. 

100 California miner's inches for one day equals 4.96 acre-feet. 

100 Colorado miner's inches equals 2.60 second-feet. 

100 Colorado miner's inches equals 19.5 United States gallons per second. 

100 Colorado miner's inches for one day equals 5.17 acre-feet. 

100 United States gallons per minute equals 0.223 second-foot. 

100 United States gallons per minute for one day equals 0.442 acre-foot. 

1,000,000 United States gallons per day equals 1.55 second-feet. 

1,000,000 United States gallons equals 3.07 acra-feet. 

1,000,000 cubic feet equals 22.95 acre-feet. 

1 acre-foot equals 325,850 gallons. 

1 inch deep on 1 square mile equals 2,323,200 cubic feet. 

1 inch deep on 1 square mile equals 0.0737 second-foot per year. 

1 foot equals 0.3048 meter. ' 

1 mile equals 1.60935 kilometers. 

1 mile equals 5,280 feet. 

1 acre equals 0.4047 hectare. 

1 acre equals 43,560 square feet. 

1 acre equals 209 feet square, nearly. 

1 square mile equals 2.59 square kilometers. 

1 cubic foot equals 0.0283 cubic meter. 

1 cubic foot of water weighs 62.5 pounds.

1 cubic meter per minute equals 0.5886 second-foot. , 

1 horsepower equals 550 foot-pounds per second. 

1 horsepower equals 76.0 kilogram-meters per second. 

1 horsepower equals 746 watts. 

1 horsepower equals 1 second-foot falling 8.80 feet. 

1J horsepower equals about 1 kilowatt. 

To calculate water power quickly: Sec--ft-Xfall in feet _net horeep0wer on water

wheel realizing 80 per cent of theoretical power.

EXPLANATION OF DATA.

For each regular current-meter gaging station the following data; 

so far as available, are given: Description of the station, list of discharge mesaurements, table of daily gage heights, table of daily 

discharge, table of monthly and yearly discharges and run-off. For 

stations located at weirs or dams the gage-height table is omitted.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 13

In addition to statements regarding the location and installation 

of current-meter stations, the descriptions give information in regard 

to any conditions which may affect the constancy of the relation of 

gage height to discharge, covering such points as ice, logging, shifting channels, and backwater; also information regarding diversions 

which decrease the total flow at the measuring section. Statements 

are also made regarding the accuracy and reliability of the data.

The table of daily gage heights records the daily fluctuations of the 

surface of the river as found from the mean of the gage readings taken 

each day, usually in the morning and in the evening. The gage 

height given in the table represents the elevation of the surface of 

the water above the zero of the gage. All gage heights affected by 

the presence of ice in the streams or by backwater from obstructions 

are published as recorded, with suitable footnotes. The rating table 

is not applicable for such periods unless the proper corrections to the 

gage heights are known and applied. Attention is called to the fact 

that the zero of the gage is placed at an arbitrary datum and has no 

relation to zero flow or the bottom of the river. In general the zero 

is located somewhat below the lowest known flow, so that negative 

readings shall not occur.

The discharge measurements and gage heights are, the base data 

from jdiich rating tables, daily discharge tables, and monthly discharge tables are computed.

The rating table gives, either directly or by interpolation, the discharge in second-feet corresponding to every stage of the river recorded 

during the period for which it is applicable. It is not published in 

this report, but can be determined from the tables of daily gage 

heights and daily discharge as follows:

First plot the discharge measurements for the current and earlier 

years on cross-section paper, with gage heights in feet as ordinates 

and discharge in second-feet as abscissas. Then tabulate a number 

of gage heights taken from the daily gage-height table for the complete range of stage given and the corresponding discharges for the 

days selected from the daily discharge table and plot the values on 

cross-section paper. The last points plotted will define the rating 

curve used and will lie among the plotted discharge measurements. 

After drawing the rating'curve, a table can be developed by scaling 

off the discharge in second-feet for each tenth foot of gage heightThese values should be so adjusted that the first differences shall 

always be increasing or constant, except for known backwater 

periods.

The table of daily discharge gives the discharge in second-feet 

corresponding to the observed gage heights as determined from the 

rating tables.

In the table of monthly discharge the column headed "Maximum" 

gives the mean flow, as determined from the rating table, for the day
14 STJBFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

when the mean gage height was highest. As the gage height is the 

mean for the day, it does not indicate correctly the stage when the 

water surface was at crest height, and the corresponding discharge 

was consequently larger than given in the maximum column. Likewise, in the column of "Minimum" the quantity given is the mean 

flow for the day when the mean gage height was lowest. The column headed "Mean" is the average flow in cubic feet for each second 

during the month. On this the computations for the remaining 

columns, which are defined on page 11, are based.

The field methods used in the collection of the data presented in 

this series of reports are described in the introductory sections of 

Water-Supply Papers 261 to 272, inclusive, "Surface water supply 

of the United States, 1909." Plates I and II show the average precipitation and run-off in the United States as determined from the 

measurements of stream flow -made by the Geological Survey and 

records of rainfall collected by the Weather Bureau; Plate III shows 

typical gaging stations; Plate IV shows current meters 1 used in the 

work.

ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY OF FIELD DATA AND 

COMPARATIVE RESULTS.

The accuracy of stream-flow data depends primarily on the rfatural 

conditions at the gaging station and on the methods and care with 

which the data are collected. Errors of the first group depend on 

the degree of permanency of channel and of permanency of the relation between discharge and stage.

Errors of the second class are due, first, to errors in observation of 

stage; second, to errors in measurements of flow; and, third, to errors 

due to misinterpretation of stage and flow data.

In order to give engineers and others information regarding the 

probable accuracy of the computed results, footnotes are added to the 

daily discharge tables, stating the probable accuracy of the rating 

tables used, and an accuracy column is inserted in the monthly discharge table. For the rating tables "well defined" indicates, in 

general, that the rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent; 

"fairly well defined," within 10 per cent; "poorly defined" or "approximate" within 15 to 25 per cent. These notes are very general 

and are based on the plotting of the individual measurements with 

reference to the mean rating curve.

The accuracy 'column in the monthly discharge table does not 

apply to the maximum or minimum nor to any individual day, but 

to the monthly mean. It is based on the accuracy of the rating, the 

probable reliability of the observer, and knowledge of local condi-

> See Hoyt, J. C., and others, Use and care of the current meter as practiced by the United States 

Geological Survey: Trams. Am. Soc. Civil Eng., vol. dfe,1910, p. 70.
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR WATER-SUPPLY PAPERS 301 TO 312 PLATE

MAP OF UNITED STATES, SHOWING MEAN ANNUAL PRECIPITATION 

Blue lines and figures indicate average annual precipitation in depth in inches

Prepared by Henry Gannett 

mainly from data of the 

United States Geological Survey

and United States Weather Bureau
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR WATER-SUPPLY PAPERS 301 TO 312 PLATE II

MAP OF UNITED STATES, SHOWTNG MEAN ANNUAL RUN-OFF 

Blue lines and figures indicate average annual run-off in depth in inches

Prepared by Henry Gannett 

mainly fronn data of the 

United States Geological Survey
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 301 PLATE III

A. FOR BRIDGE MEASUREMENT.

B. FOR WADING MEASUREMENT.

TYPICAL GAGING STATIONS.
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 301 PLATE IV

SMALL PRICE CURRENT METERS.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 15

tions. In this column A indicates that the mean monthly flow is 

probably accurate within 5 per cent; B, within 10 per cent; C, 

within 15 per cent; D, within 25 per cent. Special conditions are 

covered by footnotes.

Even though the- monthly means for any station may represent 

with a high degree of accuracy the quantity of water flowing past 

* the gage, the figures showing discharge per square mile and depth of 

run-off in inches may be subject to gross errors which result from 

including in the measured drainage area large noncontributing districts or omitting estimates of water diverted for irrigation or other 

use, and they should therefore be considered as only approximate, 

particularly for periods of irrigation or of low water. For these 

errors it is as a rule not feasible to make adequate correction.

In general the base data collected each year by the Survey engineers are published not only to comply with the law but to afford 

any engineer the means of examining and adjusting to his own needs 

the results of the computations. The table of monthly discharge is so 

arranged as to give only a general idea of the flow at the station and 

should not be used for other than preliminary estimates. The 

determinations of daily discharge allow more detailed studies of the 

variation in flow by which the period of deficiency may be determined. ,

It should be borne in mind that the observations in each succeeding 

year may be expected to throw new light on data already collected 

and published, and the engineer who makes use of the figures presented in these papers should verify all ratings and make such 

adjustments for earlier years as may seem necessary.

COOPERATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

NEW ENGLAND. 

MAINE.

%

Assistance has been rendered or records furnished in Maine by the 

following, to whom special acknowledgment is due:

Maine State Water Storage Commission, Frederick W. Plaisted, 

governor, chairman; M. H. Ranney, chief engineer for International 

Commission, River St. John; C. M. Tolman, engineer for Bar Harbor 

& Union River Power Co.-; H. B. Moor; H. F. Lord, H. S. Ferguson, 

and Frank C. Bowler, engineers for Great Northern Paper Co.; Fred 

Cort; F. E. Boston, manager, and George H. Marr, engineer, for 

Hollingsworth & Whitney Co.; C. A. Mixer, engineer for Rumford 

Falls Power Co.; Walter H. Sawyer, agent for Union Water Power 

Co.; Joseph A. Warren, of S. D. Warren & Co.; J. A. Fleet, general 

manager for Portland Electric Co.
16 SUEFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

NEW HAMPSHIRE.

Assistance has been rendered or records furnished in New Hampshire by the following, to whom special acknowledgment is due:

J. Brodie Smith, manager of Manchester Traction, Light & Power 

Co.; R. A. Hale, principal assistant engineer of Essex Co.; Arthur 

T. Safford, principal assistant engineer of Locks & Canals Co.; Walter 

H. Sawyer, agent for Union Water Power Co.; Hollis French; W. H.' 

McElwain Co.; Frederick S. Leonard, of Fisk Paper Co.

VEEMONT.

The act providing for the cooperative investigation of the water 

resources of Vermont is as follows:

It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont: 

SECTION 1. The Director of the United States Geological Survey being authorized 

to cooperate with the properly constituted authorities in the several States in making 

investigation of and reports upon the water resources of the States, the Governor is 

hereby empowered to enter into contract with the Director of the United States Geological Survey for the purpose of making such investigation and report for this State, 

provided that the Director shall agree to expend for this purpose sums equal to those 

hereinafter appropriated and from funds placed at his disposal by the Government of 

the United States if the appropriations for the general use of the water-resources 

branch of the department will permit.

SECTION 2. For the purposes-set forth in the preceding section the sum of one thousand dollars for the year 1911, an^ a like sum for the year 1912, is hereby appropriated 

to be expended by the State, in accordance with the laws relating to and the regulations of the United States Geological Survey in such cases provided, payment to be 

made on vouchers audited and approved by the Director of said Survey, when presented to the auditor of accounts.

Assistance has been rendered or records furnished in Vermont by 

the following, to whom special acknowledgment is due: Hon. John 

A. Mead, governor; Charles Of, general superintendent, and H. M. 

Summer, engineer, Vermont Copper Co.

MASSACHUSETTS.

^

Cooperation with the State of Massachusetts began July 1, 1909. 

The State legislature of 1909 enacted the following:

[Chapter 359.]

An act to provide for an investigation of the water power of the Commonwealth and 

for determining the best methods of utilizing the same.

Be it enacted, etc., as follows:

SECTION 1. The sum of five thousand dollars may be expended for the determination of the amount of water power available on the streams of the Commonwealth and 

for investigating the best methods of utilizing the same, thereby providing for the people of tike Commonwealth information that may serve to further industrial development.

SECTION 2. The Governor is hereby empowered to enter into a contract with the 

Director of the United States Geological Survey for the purpose of making the investigation aforesaid: Provided, That said Director shall agree to expend a like sum of
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 17

money within the Commonwealth for the same purposes: And provided further, That 

if said Director should find that by reason of the failure of the Congress of the United 

States to provide a general appropriation sufficient to enable him to make an allotment of five thousand dollars for such work in this Commonwealth, the Governor may 

execute a contract for any part of the amount hereby appropriated, which shall be 

equal to that allotted by the Director.

SECTION 3. The amount above specified shall be expended by the Commonwealth 

in accordance with the laws relating to the United States Geological Survey, payment 

to be made on vouchers audited and approved by said Director when presented to 

the auditor of the Commonwealth.

The funds provided for stream-gaging work by the Federal Government were insufficient to make it possible to utilize the total amount 

set forth in the above act, and in May, 1911, the following act was 

approved:

[Chapter 622.]

An act to provide for the completion of an investigation of the water power of the Commonwealth and for determining the best methods of utilizing the same.

Be it enacted by the senate and house of representatives in general court assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

SECTION 1. The balance of the unexpended appropriation made in the year nineteen hundred and nine for the purposes specified in chapter three hundred and fiftynine of the acts of the year nineteen hundred and nine may be expended for completing the determination of the amount of water power available on the streams of the 

Commonwealth and for investigating the best methods of utilizing the same.

SECTION 2. The provisions of said chapter three hundred and fifty-nine shall apply 

to the completion of said determination and investigation.

The work was again involved by lack of Federal funds to meet the 

State appropriation. Enough funds were provided, however, to 

maintain the gage readings at nearly all the stations which had been 

established and to make a few discharge measurements.

Assistance has been rendered or records furnished in Massachusetts by the following, to whom special acknowledgment is due: 

Hon. Eugene N. Foss, governor; R. A. Hale, principal assistant 

engineer of Essex Co.; Arthur T. Safford, principal assistant engineer 

of Locks & Canals Co.; Dexter Brackett, chief engineer of Metropolitan 

Water and Sewerage Board; C. W. Hazelton, treasurer of Turners 

Falls Co.; H. I. Harriman, general manager of Connecticut Kiver 

Power Co.; A. F. Sickman, hydraulic engineer Holyoke Water Power 

Co.; Greenfield Electric Light & Power Co.; Otis Co.; George H. 

Gilbert Manufacturing Co.; E. E. Lochridge, engineer Springfield 

Water Board; Athol Gas & Electric Co.; F. B. Saunders, engineer; 

Barrows & Breed, consulting engineers, Boston.

RHODE ISLAND.

Assistance has been rendered or records furnished in Rhode Island 

by the following, to whom special acknowledgment is due: Natural 

Resources Survey of Rhode Island, Prof. Charles W. Brown, superintendent ; F. J. Pitts, of James Pitts & Sons.

48521° WSP 301 12 2
18 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

NEW YORK.

The cooperative work in New York State during 1911 was continued as shown in the following funds statement:

Unexpended balance in the different allotments January 1, 1911:

United States Geological Survey fund................... $1,585. 24

State Water Supply Commission fund................... 5,344.16

State Engineer fund..................................... 590. 01

 $7,519.41 

Appropriations during the year:

United States Geological Survey........................ $2,500.00

State Water Supply Commission........................ 10,000. 00

State Engineer's Office................................. 1,500.00

 14,000.00

Grand total................................. r ................... 21, 519.41

Balance in the different allotments December 31, 1911:

United States Geological Survey fund................... $1,275.88

State Water Supply Commission fund................... 8,027.89

State Engineer fund..................................... 1,046.44

 10,350. 21

11,169.20 

Contributed by outside parties for observers' pay...................... 231.48

Money expended during the year 1911................................. 11,400. 68

Two hundred dollars of the Federal fund was reverted to the »

computing section of the Washington office. The total funds disbursed through the district office were $11,200.68. With these funds 

37 stream-gaging and 25 rainfall stations were maintained. One 

hundred and seventy-nine discharge measurements were made 

during the year.

Assistance has been rendered or records furnished in New York 

by the following, to whom special acknowledgment is due: Hon. 

John A. Bensel, State engineer and surveyor; Alexander E. Kastl, 

special deputy State engineer, representing New Yprk State cooperation; State Water Supply Commission of New York, Hon. Henry 

H. Persons, president; State of New York Conservation Commission, 

Hon. George E. Van Kennan, chairman; New York Additional 

Water Supply Commission, J. Waldo Smith, chief engineer; United 

States Weather Bureau; R. P. Bloss, engineer, West Virginia Pulp & 

Paper Co.; Union Bag & Paper Co.; and International Paper Co.

NEW JEBSEY, PENNSYLVANIA, MARYLAND, AND VIRGINIA.

Assistance has been rendered or records furnished in New Jersey, 

Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia by the following, to whom 

special acknowledgment is due: United States Weather Bureau; 

Water Supply Commission of Pennsylvania, John Birkinbine, chairman, Farley Gannett, engineer; Philadelphia Bureau of Water, John 

E. Codman, in charge of hydrographic work; William C. Whitner, 

president, Fredericksburg Power Co,
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 19 

DIVISION OF WORK.

In accordance with a cooperative agreement between the Director 

of the United States Geological Survey and the governor of Maine, 

©x officio chairman of the State Water Storage Commission, a new 

district, known as the Maine district, with headquarters at Augusta, 

was established December 1, 1909. The work was placed in charge 

of C. C. Babb, district engineer, who has been aided by F. E. Pressey, 

assistant engineer. \

The field data for New England, outside of Maine, and New York 

were collected under the direction of C. C. Covert, district engineer, 

assisted by W. G. Hoyt, C. S. De Golyer, G. H. Canfield, and Francis 

Weber, junior engineers.

The field data for the Middle Atlantic States were collected under 

the direction of R. H. Bolster, assistant engineer, assisted by G. C. 

Stevens and J. G. Mathers, junior engineers.

The ratings, computations, ice estimates, and special studies were 

made by C. C. Babb, assisted by F. E. Pressey; C. C. Covert, assisted 

by W. G. Hoyt, C. S. De Golyer, G. H. Canfield, and Francis Weber; 

and R. H. Bolster, assisted by J. G. Mathers, G. C. Stevens, M. I. 

Walters, H. D. Padgett, H. J. Dean, A. H. Tuttle, C. L. Batchelder, 

and W. R. King.

The manuscript for Maine was reviewed by C. C. Babb, and that 

for New England and New York by C. C. Covert. The complete 

manuscript was edited by Mrs. B. D. Wood.

ST. JOHN RIVER BASIN.

ST. JOHN RIVER NEAR DICKEY, MAINE.

Location. Near Dickey post office, Maine, on the farm of L. B. Henderson, 2 miles

above the confluence of Allagash and St. John rivers, and three-fourths of a mile

below the mouth of Little Black River. 

Records available. July 5, 1910, to November 21, 1911. Data also in annual

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission. 

Drainage area. 2,820 square miles. 

Gage. Rod, 32J feet above the measuring section; zero at elevation 584.41 feet

above sea level.

Channel. Permanent; banks not subject to overflow. 

Discharge measuremexlts. Made at low stages by wading and at high stages from

a boat.

Winter flow. Affected by ice. 

Artificial control. A few log-driving dams above station but probably only slightly

affecting the discharge. 

Accuracy. Results fairly good. 

Cooperation. Station established by the International Commission, River St.

John, which furnishes the daily gage heights and discharge measurements to the

Survey.
20 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I.

Discharge measurements of St. John River near Dickey, Maine, in 1911. 

[By International Commission, River St. John.]

Date.

May 6..., ...... .............

19

91

29.......................

loo.....................

27.......................

July 5.......................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

593.62

EQO KO

588.52

588.07

KSS V)

587.31

586.21

586.18

Discharge.

Sec.-/(. 

26,600

23 436

4 660

4

/V1O

4,199

2,670

1,030

QO1

Date.

July 17......................

26......................

Aug. 2......................

8......................

Sept. 9......................

19......................

Gaga 

height.

Feet.

686.77

686.02

589.70

689.21

587.30

687.51

686.70

587.51

Discharge.

Stc.jt. 

575

CCl

8,970

7,209

2,721

2,875

1,693

3,194

a Measurement made 50 feet above regular section.

Daily gage height, in feet above sea level, of St. John River near Dickey, Maine,

for 1911.

Day.

1............................................

2............................................

3............................................

4. ...........................................

5............................................

6............................................ 7..................:.........................

8............................................

9............................................

10............................................

11............................................

12.........................:..................

13............................................

14. ...........................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

21............................................

22............................................

23............................................

24............................................

25............................................

26............................................

27............................................

28...... r .. ...................................

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

May.

593.72

593.22

594.22

593.68

693.03

592.33

591.63

588.89

<ws 40

688.39

588.09

687.99

588.29

688.49

588.49

588.29

588.09

687 99

587.49

June.

687.59

588.59

589.89

588.39

687.45

587.25

586.95

586.75

586.55

686.55

586.75

587.25

687.95

588.35

588.35

KQQ OK

588.25

CQ7 OR

686.95

586.95

586.85

586.65

586.55

686 45

586.25

586.11

686.11

586.21

July.

586.31

586.31

686.41

686.31

586.41

587.31

587.21

586.81

586.41

586.31

686.11

586.11

586.01

685.81

685.71

585.61

686.11

>a!fi 71

586.91

586.31

eoft Al

586.31

586.31

686.01

585.91

585.91

586.01

586.11

686.31

KJ>7 Al

Aug.

689.65

588.45

588.05

687.65

687.45

587.35

587.05

586.95

686.65

586.35

586.25

586.95

586.05

686.05

586.15

687.15

686.85

586.65

586 45

686.45

686.35

586.05

686.05

585.95

585.85

586.95

586.35

586.65

586.65

Sept.

686.65

586.35

686.25

586.25

686.35

586.45

586.75

587.35

587.45

687.25

586.85

586.75

587.15

687.15

687.25

587.35

587.15

586.85

586.70

586.55

<WJfi IX.

586.25

686.15

586.05

586.05

586.45

686.95

687.35

587.85

587.45

Oct.

687.25

687.15

587.05

586.85

586.95

587.15

687.35

587.25

687.05

586.85

 586.65

586.45

586,35

586.25

586.25

686.25

586.15

586.15

686.25

586.45

586.45

586.35

686.45

586.55

686.95

587.05

686.95

586.85

586.65

586.45

586.45

Nov.

686.95

586.85

686.75

586.55

586.35

587.51

587.55

587.95

587.55

687. 45"

687.66

587.95

588.05

588.15

588.15

587.95

587.85

687.75

587.65

>

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. John River near Dickey, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1..............',.... .........................

-2............................................

3............................................

4............................................

5............................................

6............................................

7............................................

8............................................

9............................................

10,.. ........................................

May.

25,500

23,100

28,000

30,000

29,000

June.

3,170

5,440

6,770

8,100

9,430

4,920

2,910

2,660

2,060

1,760

July.

1,150

1,150

1,280

1,150

1,280

2,660

2,490

1,840

1,280

1,150

Aug.

5,000

7,000

8,620

5,070

4,110

3,280

2,910

2,730

2,220

2,060

Sept.

1,610

1,200

1,080

1,080

1,200

1,340

1,760

2,730

2,910

2,660

Oct.

2,560

2,380

2,220

i onn

2,060

2,380

2,730

2,560

2,220

1,900

Nov.

1,580

1,820

2,060

1,900

1,760

1,470

1,200

3,020

3,100

3,900
ISTOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 21

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. John River near Dickey, Maine, for 1911 Contd.

Day.

11............................................

12............................................

13............................................

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

21........................................!...

22............................................

23............................................

24............................................

25............................................

26............................................

27...........................................

28............................................

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

May.

26,000 OA onn

22,200

19,100

16,000

12,000

5,600

5,500

6,000

6,280

5,170

4

QOA

4,200

3,980

4,670

5,170

5,170

4,670

4,200

3,980

2,980

June.

1,470

1,470

1,760

2,560

4,820

4,820

4,570

4,570

3,680

2,060

2,060

1,900

1,610

1,470

1,340

1.080

921

921

1,030

July.

921

921

820

629

548

' 477

921

1,700

2,000

1,150

820

1,150

1,150

820

720

720

820

921

1,150

2,840

3,000

Aug.

1,610

1,200

1,080

760

860

860

965

2,380

1,900

1,610

1,340

1 340

1,200

860

OAA

760

665

760

1,200

1,470

1,610

Sept.

1,900

1,760

2,380

2,380

2,560

2,730

2,380

1,900

1,680

1,470

1,200

1,080

965

860

860

1,340

2,060

2,730

3,680

2,910

Oct.

1,610

1,340

1,200

1,080

1,080

1,080

965

965

1,080

i iin

1,340

1,200

1,340

1,470

2,060

2,220

2,060

1 Oftft

1,610

1,340

1,340

Nov.

3,100

2,910

3,280

3,900

4,110

4,340

4,340

3,900

3,680

3,480

3,280

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a rating curve fairly well defined below 9,800 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of St. John River near Dickey, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 2,820 square miles.]

Month.

May 6-31. ...............................

July...... ...............................

September. .............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

30,000 

9,430 

3,000 

8,620 

3,680 

2,730 

4,340

Minimum.

2,980 

921 

477 

665 

860 

965 

1,200

Mean.

12,600 

3,170 

1,280 

2,200 

1,880 

i;690 

2,960

Per 

square 

mile.

4.47 

1.12 

.454

.780 

.667 

.599 

1.05

Run-oft 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

4.32 

1.25 

.52 

.90 

.74 

.69 

.82

Accuracy.

A. 

B. 

B. B. ' 

B. 

B. 

B.

ST. JOHN RIVER AT FORT KENT, MAINE.

Location. At the suspension footbridge in the town of Fort Kent, a short distance 

above the mouth of Fish River and about 15 miles below the mouth of St. Francis River.

Records available. October 13, 1905, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 4,880 square miles.

Gage. Inclined staff, 22 feet long, in two sections, attached to the new concrete 

pier nearest the New Brunswick shore of the river. The lower part of the gage 

is placed in a groove in the side of the pier; the upper part is fastened to the 

downstream end of the same pier. The gage datum has remained unchanged 

during the maintenance of the station.

Channel. Permanent; both banks high, rocky, cleared, and not subject to overflow 

except in extreme freshets.

Discharge measurements. Made from the footbridge.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.
22 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Artificial control. A few dams on the upper headwaters are used for log driving; 

the operation of these dams only slightly affects the flow past the gage.

Accuracy. Relation between gage height and discharge is occasionally affected by 

backwater caused by logs jamming on the bridge piers and, during the winter, 

by ice; otherwise the conditions for accurate determination of discharge are 

fair. A fairly good discharge rating curve has been developed.

Discharge measurements of St. John River at Fort Kent, Maine, in 1911.

Date.

May 3o

106

18

26

13

29

July 7

19

Aug. 11

Hydrographer.

.....do....................................................................

.....do. ...................................................................

.....do.......-.-.....-.......-...........-.....--....-...-.--....-.....--.

... ..do. .............................................................. .....

.....do....................................................................

.... .do. ...................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

19.90

13.50

7.25

5.81

7.49

4.44

3.80

4.38

3.60

4.10

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

90,100

44,800

12,900

7,380

14,400

3,550

2,180

3,460

1,780

2,640

o Float measurement. 

6 Velocity measured at the surface.

NOTE. These measurements were made under the direction of International Commission, River St. 

John.

Daily gage hei,ght, in feet, of St. John River at Fort Kent, Maine, for 1911. 

[A. V. Currie, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3............... 

4............... 

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10............... 

11...............

12............... 

13...............

14...............

15...............

16.. ............ .

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21............... 

22...............

23...............

24. ..............

25...............

26...............

27.. ............. 

28............... 

29............... 

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

4.3

4.1

.......

4.4

4.2

"'i'i'

Feb.

""4."6"

3.9

4.0

4 0

Mar.

" "4.'6"

4.0

4.0

.......

4 9

....:..

Apr.

4.0

.......

4.5

.......

.......

4.75

5 9

5.85

5.8

5.7

5.65

5

7E

5.85 

6.0

6.05

6.3

6.35

6.95

7.7 

8.05 

8.3 

8.65

May.

10.95

14.75

17.55 

17.65 

15.75

19 Q

12.85

13.25

13.5

10 A

11.35 

10.75

10.2

9

1 C

8.65

8.0

7.25

7.05

7.0

"e.'e"

6.15

6.0

5 95

5.9

6.1

"6."5" 

6.45 

6.1

June.

5.8

6.5

7.45 

7.15 

6.65

6.1

5.6

5.25

5.05

4.85

4.4 

4 4

4.'45

4.7

5.5

5.65

5.8

5.75

5.55

5.25 

4 95

4.65

4.45

4 9<;

4.15

4.0 

3.95 

3.9 

3.9

July.

3.9

3.9

3.9 

4.0 

4.0

4.1

4.25

4.35

4.4

4.35 

4.25

4.05 

3.85

3.6

3.2

3.0

3.0

s ft

3.1

s ft

3.05 

3.3

S 7

3.85

3 9

3.8

3.7 

3.5 

3.5 

4.25 

6.55

Aug.

7.4

6.85

6.4

5.7 

5.2

4.5

4.4

4.55

4.4 

4.05

3.85 

3.7

3.55

3.45

3.35

3.4

3.55

3.8

4.05

3.9

S 7

3.7

3.5

s 9<;

3.2

3.2 

3.2 

3.25 

3.45 

3.5

Sept.

3.6

3.5

3.4 

3."3 

3.2

3.35

3.55

3.9

4.15

4.35

4.25

4.05 

4 0

4.15

4 35

4.4

4.4

4.15

4.05

3.85

3.65

S 4K

3.3

3.3

3.4

4.2 

5.1 

5.15 

4.85

Oct.

4.5

4.2

4.1 

4.0 

3.9

4.05

4.35

4.4

4.25

4.05 

4.0

3.9 

3.8

3.65

3.4

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

S 4

3.6

4.15

4.0

3.95 

3.9 

3.8 

3.8

3 7

Nov.

3.6

3.5

3.5 

3.4 

3.4

3.45

3.65

4.1

4.65

4.85 

4.75

4.6

4.6

4.7

4.7

4.8

4.9

4.9

4.85

4.8

4.7 

4 6

4.6

4.45

4.4

4.55

" ~7.~5" '

Dec.

7.0

6.0

7.1

7.2

7.1

7.1

7.0

7.0

6.9

6.75

6.55

6.25

5.95

5.55

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from Jan. 1 to Apr. 13, Nov. 27 to Dec. 14, 

and Dec. 27 to 31. All gage readings during these periods were probably taken to the surface of the water.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 23 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. John River at Fort Kent, Maine, for 1911,

Day.

1............. .......................

2...................................

4....................................

5....................................

6....................................

7...................................

8....................................

9....................................

10....................................

11...................................

12....................................

13...................................

14...................................

15...................................

16...................................

17...................................

18

1Q

20...................................

21....................................

22...................................

23

24...................................

25.. ..................*...............

26...................................

27............................. ....

28...................................

29...................................

30...................................

31...................................

Apr.

4,240

5,470

7 t^lfl

7 W\

7,010

6,850

7,170

7,500

8,000

8,170

9,040

9,220

11,500

14,500

16,000

17,100

i s fifln

May.

29,600

51,300

69,300

70,000

57,500

42,500

40,200

39,900

42,200

43,.700

40,800

31,700

28,600

25,900

20,900

18,600

19 7ftrt

n oftn

11,700

in oftft

10,100

8,520

8 nnn

7,830

7,660

8,340

9

rtflrt

9,770

9 580

June.

7,330

9,770

13,500

12,300

10,300

8,340

6,690

5,620

5,040

4,500

3,940

3,370

3,370

3,490

4,110

6,380

6,850

7,330

7,170

6

KAt\

5,620

4,760

3,980

3,030

2,820

2,510

2,420

2,320

2,320

July.

2,320

2,320

2, 320

2,510

2,510

2,710

3,030

3,260

3,370

3,260

3,030

2,610

2,230

1,810

1,270

1,060

1 060

1 060

1,160

1 060

1,110

1,390

1,970

2,230

2,320

2,140

1,970

1 660

1,660

3,030

9,960

Aug.

13,300

11,100

9,400

7,010

5,470

4,540

3,610

3,370

3,740

3,370

2,610

2,230

1,970

1,740

1,590

1,460

1,520

1 740

2,140

2,610

2,320

1,970

1,970

1,330

1,270

1,270

1,270

1,330

1,660

Sept.

1,810

1,660

1,520

1,390

1,270

1,460

1,740

2,320

2,820

3,260

3,030

2,610

2,510

2,820

3,260

3,370

3

O7A

2

QOA

2,610

2,230

1,890

1,590

1,460

1,390

1,390

1,520

2,920

5,180

5,320

4

Kf)f\

Oct.

3,610

2,920

2,710

2,510

2,320

2,610

3,260

3,370

3,030

2,610

2,510

2,320

2,140

1,890

1,700

1,520

1,520

1,660

1,660

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,810

2,820

2,820

2,510

2,420

2,320

2,140

2,140

1,970

Nov.

1,810

1,660

1,660

1,520

1,520

1,590

1,890

2,710

3,980

4,500

4,240

3,860

3,860

4,110

4,110

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-defined rating curve.

Monthly discharge of St. John River at Fort Kent, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 4,880 square miles, a]

Month.

March.............. ....................

April.. ..................................

May.....................................

July.....................................

The year.................... ......

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

18,600 

70,000 

13,500 

9,960 

13,300 

5,320 

3,610

70,000

Minimum.

7,660 

2,320 

1,060 

1,270 

1,270 

1,520

Mean.

800 

600 

650 

6,050 

25,900 

5,640 

2,370 

3,300 

2,500 

2,300 

2,330 

1,650

4,540

Per 

square 

mile.

0.164 

.123 

.133 

1.24 

5.31 

- 1.16 

.486 

.676 

.512 

.471 

.477 

.338

.930

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.19 

.13 

M5

1.38 

6.12 

1.29 

.56 

.78 

.57 

.54 

.53 

.39

12.63

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

D. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

C. 

D.

o Does not include Chamberlain Lake drainage area of 270 square miles.

NOTE. Discharge for the winter periods determined by means of climatologic records and comparison 

with the discharge at other points in northern Maine. 

Mean discharge Apr. 1 to 13 estimated 2,130 second-feet. 

Mean discharge Nov. 16 to 31 estimated 1,800 second-feet.
24 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 19U, PART I.

ST. JOHN RIVER AT VAN BTTREN, MAINE.

Location. At new International Bridge at Van Buren, Maine, about 14 miles above

Grand Falls, N. B.

Records available. May 4, 1908, to December 15, 1911. 

Drainage area. 8,270 square miles. 

Gage. Painted vertically on second pier from Van Buren side of bridge; zero of

gage is 407.69 feet above sea level; daily gage heights for 1910 and 1911 were read

on a vertical rod attached to the pier of the sawdust carrier of Hammonds mill,

about 700 feet below the International Bridge. 

Discharge measurements. Made from the International Bridge. 

Winter flow. Affected by ice. 

Artificial control. The little storage above for log driving probably does not affect

the discharge. 

Accuracy. Relation between gage heights and discharge is probably not materially

affected by the control of the stream for log driving; for the winter months an ice

rating curve has been developed. A good open-channel discharge rating curve

has also been constructed. 

Cooperation. Station established by the International Commission, River St.

John, which furnishes records of discharge measurements and daily gage heights.

Discharge measurements of St. John River at Van Buren, Maine, in 1911.

[By International Commission, River St. Johib]

Date.

Mar. 24« . . ...........

31o.....................

Apr. 11 «. ....................

15«.. ................... n*.. ...................

19«.... .................

22«.....................

May 96.....................

176.....................

256.....................

9......................

Gage, 

height.

Feet. 

410.69

411.36

411. 74

412.94

414.83

415.34

416.49

426.6

420.1

415.79

415.84

413. 79

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1 195

1,740

2,343

4,386

7,740

8,869

11,553

72,000

35,550

20,034

19,236

19 7Q7

Date.

July 1......... .............

15......................

Aug. 1.. ....................

Sept. 7. .....................

18......................

Nov. 3......................

4......................

6......................

17......................

Gage

Feet. 

412.54

410.89

409.89

414.91

411.49

409.40

410. 28

409.31

409.07

409.04

409.10

411.93

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

10,112

6,144

3,611

16,764

6,473

2,737

4,630

2,719

1,784

2,128

2,190

3,547

a Made under complete ice cover and afEected by backwater from an ice jam which forms, in the fall of the 

year, about 1 mile below the bridge. 

i> Float measurement.

Daily gage height, in feet, of St. John River at Van Buren, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1........ .......

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

Jan.

10.9

11.0

11.1

11.1

11.1

11.1.

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

Feb.

10.5

W C

in ^

10.5

10.5

- 10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

Mar.

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

10.4

Apr.

11.3

n

o

11.3

11.3

n

o

11.3

n

o

11.4

11.5

11.6

11.7

n

o

11.9

12.0

13.0

May.

29.3

33.2

34.9

34.9

Qft Q

28.6

26.6

26.5

26.9

27.3

26.7

OE r

24.0

23.2

22.2

June.

15.8

16.6

17.4

17.2

16.5

15.6

15.1

13.9

13.5

13.1

10 «

12.5

12.5

13.0

July.

10.9

10.7

10.7

10.8

in Q

10.7

11.1

11.3

11.0

10.7

10.6

10.4

10.2

10.0

9.8

Aug.

15.4

1 K (\

14.4

13.4

12.7

12.1

11.5

11.2

11.0

10 9

10.7

10.5

10.2

9.9

9.7

Sept.

9.4

9.5

9.4

9.3

9 A

9.3

9.4

9.7

9.9

10.4

10.3

10.2

10.2

Oct.

10.7

10.3

10.1

10.0

10.0

9.9

9

0

10.1

10.3

10.4

10.0

9

0

9.5

9.4

9.3

Nov.

9.6

9 A

9.4

9.2

9 1

9.0

9.3

9.5

9.4

10.0

in. Q

11.0

10.8

10.7

11.0

Dec.

11.9

11.8

11.8

11.9

12.2

12.2

12.2

12.2

12.2

12.2

12.2

12.1

12.2

12.2

12.3
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 25 

Daily gage height, in feet, of St. John River at Van Buren, "Maine, for 1911 Contd.

Day.

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21............... 

22............... 

23............... 

24...............

25...............

Oft

27...............

28............... 

29...............

or*

Q1

Jan.

10.9

10.9

10.8

10.8

10.7

10.7

10.7 

10.7 

10.6

10.6

10.6

10.6

10.6 

10.5 

10.5

10.5

Feb.

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5 

10.5 

10.5 

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

Mar.

10.4

10.5

10.5

10.5

10.6

10.6 

10.6 

10.6

10.7

10.7

10.7

10.7

10.8 

10.9 

11.1

11.3

Apr.

14.2

14.9

15.3

15.4

15.6

16.2 

16.5 

17.7

18.2

18.7

20.1

21.5

20.5 

23.4

26.7

May.

20.9

20.2

19.5

18.1

17.8

17.7 

17.6 

17.4 

16.7

16.2

15.7

15.6

15.7 

15.9 

15.6

15.2

June.

13.4

14.0

14.1

14.0

13.7

13.1 

13.0 

12.6 

12.2

11.8

11.4

11.2

10.9 

10.9 

10.9

July.

' 9.7

9.9

10.2

10.4

10.5

10.3 

10.3 

10.5 

10.8

10.9

11.0

10.9

10.8 

10.8 

10.9

11.7

Aug.

9.6

9.6

9.6

9.7

9.9

10.1 

10.0 

9.8

9.7

9.4

9.3

9.2

9.1

9.4 

9.4

9.4

Sept.

10.9

11.5

10.2

10.1

10.0

9.8 

9.6 

9.5 

9.3

9.1

9.4

9.5

9.8 

10.9 

11.1

Oct.

9.1

9.4

9.3

9.3

9.3

9:4

9.3 

9.3 

9.7

10.1

10.0

JO. 2

10.0 

9.9

9.7

9.7

Nov.

10.8

12.1

12.1

12.7

12.5

12.2 

12.3 

12.2 

12.1

12.1

11.9

11.8

11.8 

11.7 

11.9

Dec.

::::.:

......

NOTE. Gage heights referred to gage of International Bridge. To reduce readings to elevation above 

sea level add 400 feet. Readings affected by backwater from ice Jan. 1 to Apr. 25 and Nov. 17 to Dec. 15.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. John River at Van Buren, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7. .............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27.............. 

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Jan.

1,400

1,500

1,610

1,610

1,610

1,610

1,500

1,500

1,500

1,^00

1,500

1,500

1,500

1,500

1,500

1 400

1 4fin

1,300

1,300

1,200

1 9/Vt

1,200

1,200

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100 

1,100

1,010 

1,010

1,010

Feb.

1,010

1,010.

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,010 

1,010

Mar.

920

920

920

920

920

920

920

920

920

920

920

920

920

920

920

920

1,010

1,010

1,010

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200 

1 inn

1,400 

1,610

1,830

Apr.

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,940

2,060

2,180

2,300

2,420

2,550

2,680

4,100

6,350

7 QAft

8,800

9,030

9,490

10,900

11 600

14,400

15,600

16,800

36,500

43,200 

38,300

53,200 

72,800

May.

90,700

121,000

134,000

134,000

103,000

85,700

72,200

71,600

74,200

76,800

72,800

65,300

56,500

52,000

46,700

40,300

36,900

33,800

27,900

26,800

OR arm

26,000

25,200

22,700

20,900

19,200

18,900 

19,200

19,900 

18,900

17,600

June.

19,600

22,300

25,200

24,500

22,000

18,900

17,300

15,200

13,800

12,600

11 600

10^800

10,000

10,000

11,300

12,400

14,000

14,300

14,000

13,200

n finn

11,300

10 300

9' 230

8,220

7,230

6,740 

6,020

6,020

July.

6,020

5,560

5,560

5,790

6,020

5,560

6,500

6,980

6,260

5,560

5,330

4,880

4,440

4,010

3,580

3,370

3,800

4,880

5,100

4 660

4 660

5, 100

5,790

6,020

6,260

6,020 

57on

5,790 

6,020

7 Q7O

Aug.

18,200

17,000

15,200

12,400

10,500

8,980

7,480

6,740

6,260

6,020

5,560

5,100

4,440

3,800

3,370

3 lfiA

3 1 fin

3,160

3,370

3,800

4,220

4,010

3,580

3,370

2,750

2,560

2,360 21 cn

2,750 

2,750

2,750

Sept.

2,750

2,950

2,750

2,560

2,750

2,560

2,750

3,370

3,800

4,440

4,880

4,880

4,660

4,440

4,440

6,020

7 480

4,220

4,010

3,580

3

-ffiA

2

QKA

2,560

2,180

2,750

2,950

3 f«!ft

6,020 

6,500

Oct.

5,560

4,660

4,220

4,010

4,010

3,800

3,800

4,220

4,660

4,880

4,010

3,580

2,950

2,750

2,560

2,180

2,750

2,560

2,560

2,560

O 7KA

2,560

2,560

3,370

4,220

4,010

4,440 

4,010

3,800 

3,370

3,370

Nov.

3,160

2,750

2,750

2,360

2,180

2,000

2,560

2,950

2,750

4,010

6,020

6,260

5,790

5,560

6,260

5,790

d. fW)

4,000

3,650

3,360

2 Qjn

3 080

2,' 940

2,810

2,810

2,550

2,420 

2,420

2,300 

2,550

Dec.

2,550

2,420

2,420

2,550

2,940

2,940

2,940

2,940

2,940

2,940

2,940

2,810

2,940

2,940

3,080

......

......

NOTE. Daily discnarge Apr. 26 to Nov. 16 determined from a discharge rating curve well defined below 

75,000 second-feet.

Discharge Jan. 1 to Apr. 25 and Nov. 19 to Dec. 15 determined from a well-defined ice rating curve. 

Discharge Nov. 17 and 18 estimated.
26 STJEPACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Monthly discharge of St. John River at Van Bur en, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 8,270 square miles.]

Month.

May....... .............................

July................'.....................

The year ..........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,610 

1,010 

1,830 

72,800 

134,000 

25,200 

7,970 

18,200 

7,480 

5,560 

6,260

134,000

Minimum.

1,010 

1,010 

920 

1,830 

17,600 

6,020 

3,370 

2,180 

2,180 

2,180 

2,300

920

Mean.

1,340 

1,010 

1,070 

12,900 

53,500 

13,200 

5,410 

5,840 

3,880 

3,570 

3,500 

2,700

9,060

Per 

square 

mile.

0.162 

.122 

.129 

1.56 

6.47 

1.60 

' .654 

.706 

.469 

.432 

.423 

'.326

1.10

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.19 

.13 

.15 

1.74 

7.46 

1.78 

.75 

.81 

.52 

.50 

.47 

.38

14.88

Accuracy.

B 

B 

B

A 

A 

A 

A 

A 

A 

A 

A 

B

NOTE. Mean discharge Dec. 16-31 estimated 2,650 second-feet.

ALLAGASH RIVER NEAR ALLAGASH, MAINE.

Location. 105 feet below the ferry crossing Allagash River, 2 miles below Dickey 

post office, and 1,500 feet above the confluence of Allagash and St. John rivers.

Records available. July 1, 1910, to November 30, 1911, when station was discontinued. Data also in annual reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 1,240 square miles. Does not include Chamberlain Lake drainage 

area of 270 square miles.

Gage. Rod, 35 feet below the measuring section; elevation of zero being 580.53 feet 

above sea level.

Channel. Permanent; banks not subject to overflow.

Discharge measurements. Made at low stages by wading and at high stages from 

a boat.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Artificial control. Log driving dams at Long, Ross, and Musquacook lakes may at 

times hold water back so that the gage heights may indicate lower flow than the 

natural minimum flow of the stream.

Accuracy. Results believed to be fairly good.

Cooperation. Station established by the International Commission, River St. John, 

which furnishes records of discharge measurements and daily gage heights.

Discharge measurements of Allagash River near Allagash, Maine, in 1911. 

[By International Commission, River St. John.]

Date.

»

May 5..... .....................

May 11.........................

May 20o....... .................

Gage

Feet. 

586.8

585.87

584.02

KQA Q7

583.51

583.05

COO AT

DisC-Q£trj£6.

Sec.-ft. 

8 inn

6,459

3 74fi

4

O1Q

2,244

1 119

594

Date.

July 5.. .......................

July 17..... ...................

July 26..... ...................

Aug. 8.. .......................

Nov.8. .......................

4T«.

Feet. 

582.00

581.60

582.14

583.24

581.83

582. 02

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

441

231

595

1,408

349

502

a Heavy wind blowing downstream giving accelerated velocity.

&St. John River at mouth of Allagash was 2.5 feet higher than it should be under normal conditions, thus 

backing up the Allagash. The rise was due to very heavy rains on the headwaters of the St. John.
FORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 27 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Allagash River near.Allagash, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1........ .....................................

3.............................................

4.............................................

5..... ........................................

6.............................................

7.............................................

8.............................................

9... ......................................... .

10.............................................

11..... .................. ............. .........

12.. ...........................................

13.............................................

14.............................................

15.............................................

16..... ....................................... .

17... ......................................... -

18.............................................

19.............................................

20.. .......................................... .

21.............................................

22.............................................

23.............................................

24.................... .........................

25.............................................

26.............................................

27.............................................

28.............................................

29.. .......................................... .

30.............................................

qi

May.

586.57

586.47

586.07

585.87

586.07

586.27

586.07

585.87

585.77

585.37

584.87

584.67

584.37

583.87

583.87

583.97

584.07

584.07

583.87

583.77

583.67

583.27

583.47

583.77

583.97

583.77

583.97

583.37

June.

584.07

584.87

584.77

584.57

584.27

583.47

583.87

583.47

583.17

582.87

582.77

582.57

582.87

583'. 07

583.37

583.07

582.87

582. 77

582. 77

582.67

582. 57

582. 47

582. 47

582.37

582.27

582.17

582.14

582.14

582.04

581.94

July.

581.94

581.94

581.94

582.04

581.94

581.94

581.84

581.74

581.74

581.74

581.64

581.64

581.54

581.54

581.54

581.54

581.54

581.44

581.44

581.54

581. 54

581. 74

581.94

581.94

581.84

581.84

581.84

581.74

581.64

582.84

583.54

Aug.

581.34

582.04

582.64

582.34

582.14

582.04

581.94

581.84

581.84

S81.74

581.74

581.64

581.64

581.54

581.64

581.64

581. 64

581.64

581.64

581. 54

581.54

581.54

581.64

581.64

581.64

581.64

581.64

581.54

581.54

581.54

581.54

Sept.

581.54

581.54

581.54

581.54

581.54

581.74

581.94

582.24

582. 14

582.14

581.94

582. 14

582.24

582. 14

582.04

582.04

582.04

581.94

581.94

581.94

581.84

581.84

581.74

581.74

581.74

581.74

582.04

582.34

582.24

582. 14

Oct.

582.14

582. 14

582.04

582.04

581.94

581.94

581.94

581.84

581.84

581.84

581.84

581.94

581.94

581-94

581.94

581.84

581.84

581.84

581.84

581.84

581.84

581-84

581.94

581.94

581.94

581.84

581.84

581.84

581.84

581.84

581.84

Nov.

581.84

581.74

581.74

582.04

582.04

581.94

581.94

582.04

582.04

582.14

582. 14

582.04

581.84

581.94

582.04

582.04

582.04

582.14

582.24

582.24

582.24

582.24

582.24

582.24

582.24

582.24

582.24

582.24

582.24

582.24

NOTE. Gage heights July 3. 5 to 15, and 17 to 20 estimated from record at Michaud farm, about 15 miles 

above the station. Gage readings Aug. 2 to 6 may have been somewhat aflected by backwater from St. 

John River.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Allagash River near Allagash, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1.... ........................................

2............................................

3..... ...... .................................

4.... ........................................

5............................................

6............................................

7. ...........................................

&............................................

9............................................

10............................................

11............................................

12............................................

13............................................

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

21............................................

22............................................

23............................................

24............................................

25............................................

26............................................

27............................................

28............................................

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

May.

7,780

7,590'

6,810

6,430

6,810

7 200

6,810

6,430

6,240

5,490

4,580

4,220

3,690

2,850

2,850

3,010

3,180

3,180

2,850

2,680

2,520

1,910

2,210

2,680

3,010

2,680

3,010

2,060

June.

3,180

4,580

4,400

4,040

3,520

2,210

2,850

2,210

1,760

1,360

1,240

1,010

1,360

1,620

2,060

1,620

1 360

1,240

1,240

1,120

1,010

905

905

806

624

f^QQ

KQQ

520

448

July.

448

448

448

520

448

448

381

319

319

319

265

265

218

218

. 218

218

218

179

179

218

218

319

448

448

QQ1

381

381

^10

265

1,320

2,320

Aug.

147

520

1,090

778

599

580

448

381

381

319

319

265

265

218

265

265

265

265

265

918

218

218

265

265

265

265

265

91ft

218

218

Sept.

218

218

218

218

218

319

448

686

599

599

448

599

686

599

520

520

520

448

448

448

381

381

319

319

01 Q

319

con

686

CQQ

Oct.

599

599

520

520

448

448

448

381

381

381

381

448

448

448

448

381

381

381

381

381

381

381

448

448

448

381 no-t

381

381

381

381

Nov.

381

319

319

520

520

448

448

520

520

599

599

520

381

448

520

520

520

599

686

686

686

686

686

686

686

686

686

686

686

686

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a fairly well defined discharge rating curve. Discharge Aug. 

2 to about Aug. 6 may be somewhat erroneous, as the relation between gage keights and discharge may have 

been affected by backwater from the St. John.
28 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Monthly discharge of Allagash River near Allagash, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,240 square miles."]

Month.

May 4-31 ................................

June. ...................................

July............... .....................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

7,780 

4,580 

2,320 

1,090 

778 

599 

686

Minimum.

1.910 

448 

179 

147 

218 

381 

319

Mean.

4,310 

1,700 

422 

336 

453 

426 

564

Per 

square 

mile.

3.48 

1.37 

.340 

.271 

.365 

.344 

.455

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

3.62 

1.53 

.39 

.31 

.41 

.40 

.51

Accuracy.

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

« Does not include Chamberlain Lake drainage of 270 square miles. 

ST. FRANCIS RIVER NEAR ST. FRANCIS, MAINE.

Location. One and one-half miles from St. Francis post office, Maine, 4 miles from 

Connors, N. B., 1 mile above the mouth of the river, and 3 miles below Glazier 

Lake.

Records available. May 11 to November 30, 1910, at the gage at the outlet of 

Glazier Lake; May 4 to November 30, 1911, at the regular gage near the mouth 

of the river. Data also in annual, reports of Maine State Water Storage Commission. '

Drainage area. 560 square miles.

Gage. Rod, 10 feet below the measuring section; elevation of zero of gage, 528.84 

feet above sea level. During 1910 gage heights were read on the rod-gage at 

Glazier Lake, as it was impossible to obtain an observer for the regular gage near 

the mouth; during 1911 the daily readings were taken at the regular or lower gage.

Channel. Permanent; banks high and wooded and not liable to overflow.

Discharge measurements. Made by wading or from a canoe 10 feet above the

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Artificial control. Extensive lake areas above the station but not controlled by

dams. 

Accuracy. A fairly good rating curve has been developed for this station and the

discharge estimates for 1911 are considered fair. Gage-height record during 1910 

 on the gage at the outlet of Glazier Lake records the rise and fall of the lake, and

the estimates of discharge are not considered as accurate. 

Cooperation. Station established by the International Commission, River St.

John, which furnishes records of the discharge measurements and daily gage

heights.

Discharge measurements of St. Francis River near St. Francis, Maine, in 1911. 

[By International Commission, River St. John.]

Date.

Mav 4

13.......................

19.......................

27.......................

14.......................

4T,

Feet. 

538.3

535.07

532. 77

531. 41

531.33

530.53

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

9,200

4,760

2.212

1,090

1,036

578

Date.

July 18......... ..............

27.......................

A 11 or Q

Sept.ll. .....................

Nov.10.... ..................

Gage 

height.

Feet.

COn 1Q

529.89

530.03

530.51

COQ 7 A

COQ A9

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

467

qii

O7J.

593

O71

160

NOTE. Discharge measurements are referred to the regular or lower gage.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 29 

Daily gage height, in feet, of St. Francis River near St. Francis, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1.... ........................................

2............................................

3............................................

4............................................

5.... ........................................

6............................................

7............................................

8............................................

9............................................ 10............................................

11............................................

12............................................

13............................................

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

21............................................

22

23............................................ 

24............................................

25............................................

26............................................

27............................................

28............................:...............

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

May.

538.3

539.1

535.1

535.9

532.8

534.6

"534." i"

531.4

530.93

June.

531.13

531.33

531.3

531.03

530.83

530.33

530-53

530.63

530.63

530.73

530.53

530.43

530.33

530-19

530-13

July.

529.33

530.33

530.03

530.13

530.13

530.03

529.83

529.83

529.73

529.63

529.93

"536." 23"

530.23

530.03

530.03

529.33

Aug.

530.93

530.73

530.43

530.43

530.53

530.43

530.13

530.13

530.13

529.93

529.83

529.73

529.73

529.63

529.53

529.73

Sept.

529.63

529.53

529.53

529.53

529.43

529-73

529.53

529.63

529.73

529.63

529.65

529.53

"529.'53"

529.58

529.58

529.63

Oct.

529.53

529.43

529.48

529.43

529.43

529.33

529.33

529.38

529.38

529.33

529.33

529.33

529.33

529.33

529.33

529.33

529.33

Nov.

529.33

529.33

529.33

529.33

529.33

529.43

529.33

529.33

529.43

529.43

529.43

529.63

529.63

529.63

529.53

NOTE. Gage heights read on the regular or lower gage.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Francis River near St. Francis, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1.... ........................................

2............................................

3............................................

4............................................

5............................................

6............................................

7............................................

8............................................

9.........'...................................

10............................................

11.. ...... ..A. ...............................

12............................................

13.... ....................................... .

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

21............................................

22............................................

23............................................

24............................................

25............................................

26............................................

27............................................

28............................................

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

May.

9,220

9,810

10,400

in (YMl

11,000

12,000

11,000

8,000

6,000

4,780

5,040

5,300

5,560

5,820

4,040

2,260

2,900

3,540

4,180

3,900

3,610

2,970

1,920

1,080

1,010

938

867

796

June.

852

908

969

1,030

1,020

852

798

745

624

Kf\A

527

550

573

595

620

645

645

645

662

678

695

645

595

572

548

526

504

441

417

280

July.

142

323

504

4fi1

419

377

OQ7

417

417

417

397

377

338

300

300

300

283

266

248

OOA

284

337

398

458

458

418

377

377

377

260

142

Aug.

469

796

74fi

695

622

ids

548

566

595

566

548

482

417

417

417

417

417

377

337

318

283

266

266

266

230

214

199

232

266

248

Sept.

230

214

199

199

199

1QQ

184

169

O1 Q

266

232

199

214

230

948

266

230

234

238

218

199

1QQ

206

214

214

914

ooo

230

Oct.

214

199

1S4

169

184

176

169

169

169

149

149

148

155

155

155

148

142

142

142

149

142

142

142

142

142

142

142

142 MO

14.9

142

Nov.

142

142

142

142

142

142

142

142

142

156

169 i w

142

142

142

1 Kft

IfiQ

IRQ

169

169

200

230

230

230

OQA

230

91 A.

1QO

200

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-denned discharge rating curve, 

for days on which gage was not read.

Discharge interpolated
30 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Monthly discharge of St. Francis River near St. Francis, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 560 square miles.]

Month.

May 4-31. ...............................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

12,000 

1,030 

604 

796 

266 

214 

230

Minimum.

796 

280 

142 

199 

169 

142 

142

Mean.

5,280 

656 

348 

422 

216 

155 

172

Per 

square 

mile.

9.43 

1.17

.621 

.754 

.386 

.277 

.307

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

9.82 

1.30 

.72 

.87 

.43 

.32 

.34

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

MADAWASKA BIVEB AT ST. BOSE DTJ DEGELE, QUEBEC.

Location. At the highway bridge crossing Madawaska River one-fifth mile from the 

Temiscouata railroad station; 2 miles below the mouth of Lake Temiscouata, and 

21 miles above Edmundston, Canada, and the mouth of the river.

Becords available. May 12, 1910, to November 30, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 958 square miles.

G-age. Rod, nailed to west abutment of highway bridge. Zero of gage is at 475.70 

feet above sea level.

Channel. Permanent; banks high and not liable to overflow.

Discharge measurements. Made from the highway bridge. Some of the earlier 

measurements were taken at the St. Jacques Bridge, 6 miles above the mouth 

of the river, and referred to the St. Rose gage, as the Edmundston dam affects the 

St. Jacques gage at certain stages.

Winter flow. Probably affected by ice but discharge not estimated for the period.

Accuracy. Results considered to be fairly good considering the length of record of 

the station.

Cooperation. Station established by the International Commission, River St. John, 

which furnishes records of discharge measurements and gage heights.

Discharge measurements of Madawaska River at St. Rose du Degele, Quebec, in 1911. 

[By International Commission, River St. John.]

Date.

Mav 4

10........................

18........................

26........................

13........................

30

Gage 

height.

Feel.

483.16

482. 62

480 79

479.73

478.55

477.63

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

5,712

7 Qivi

7,308

4,986

3,695

2,464

1,467

Date.

July 8 ......................

20......................

Aug. 12......................

25......................

Nov. 7......................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

477. 45

477.09

476. 77

476.22

476. 34

. 476.01

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,393

1,023

690

409

364

197

a Measurement uncertain on account of logs in river.
NORTH ATLANTIC COA£T. 31 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Madawaska River at St. Rose du Degele, Quebec, for 1911.

Day.

1. ...........................................

2............................................

3............................................

4............................................

5............................................

6............................................

7............................................

8............................................

9............................................ 10............................................

11............................................

12............................................

13............................................

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

21.......................................... .

22.......................................... .

23............................................

24............................................

25............................................ / 

26............................................

27............................................

28............................................

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

May.

........

81.01

81.21

QO ftl

82.61

82.81

83.01

83.21

83.21

83.31

83.31

QQ 01

83.11

83.01

89 71

82.51

QO 01

QO ftl

fit O1

81.61

81 91

81.11

80.91

80.71

80.51

on 01

79.91

79.71

June.

79 71

7O 81

79.71

79.61

79.51

7Q 41

7Q 31

79.11

79.01

78 O1

78.71

78.61

78.51

78 51

78 51

78.51

7Q A1

7ft 31

7ft 31

7ft 91

 ytt 01

7ft 11

78.01

n ai

77.71

77.61

77.61

77.61

77.61

77.61

July.

77 £1

77.51

77.51

77.51

77.51

77 £1

77 £1

77.41

77.41

77.31

77 31

77.31

77.21

77.21

77.11

77.11

77.11

77.01

77.11

77.11

77.11

77.11

77.11

77.11

77.11

77.11

77.01

77.01

77.01

77.01

77.01

Aug.

77.01

77.01

77.01

77.01

76.91

76.91

76.91

76.91

76.91

76.81

76.71

76.71

76.71

76.71

76.71

76.71

76.71

76.61

76.61

76.51

76.41

76.31

76.31

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.11

76.11

76.11

' 76.11

Sept.

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

7fi 91

76.21

76.31

76.31

76.31

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.31

76.41

76.41

' 76.41

76.31

76.31

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.41

Oct.

76.41

76.41

76.31

76.31

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.41

76.31

76.31

76.31

76.31

76.31

76.31

76.31

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.21

76.11

76.11

76.11

76.11

Nov.

76.21

76.11

76.11 we -j i

nc 1 1

76.11

76.11

76.11

76.11

76.11

76.11

76.11

TA 1 1

76.21

7fi 91

76.31

76.31

76.21

7fi 91

76 21

^

01

76.21

76.21

76.26

7fi 91

76.21

76.21

76.31

76.21

NOTE. To reduce gage heights to sea level, add 400 feet. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Madawaska River at St. Rose duDegele, Quebec, for 1911.

1. ...........................................

4............................................

6............................................

7............................................

8............................................

9.........--.........-.-.----.--.--.-........

10............................................

11............................................

13. ...........................................

14............................................

15............................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19............................................

20............................................

21............................................

22............................................

23............................................

24............................................

25. ...........................................

26............................................

27............................................

28............................................

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

May.

5,260

5,510

6,510

6,760

7,270

7,530

7,790

8,050

8,180

8,180

8,050

7,920

7 7Qn

7 <iftfl

7,140

6,700

6,510

6,390

6,010

5,510

5,390

5,140

4,890

4 640

4,400

4 9fiA

3,680

June.

3,680

3,800

3,680

3,560

3,440

3,330

3,210

2,980

2,870

2,540

2.440

2,330

2,330

2 330

2

OOft

2 9Qfl

2,120

2,120

2,020

2,020

1,920

1,820

1,620

1,530

1,430

1,430

1,430

1 43ft

1 43n

July.

1 34ft

1 34ft

1,340

1,340

1,340

1,340

1,340

1,240

1,240

1 1 *tT\

1,150

1,150 i nfin

 1,060

978

O7ft

O7ft

898

978

978

978

Q7ft

O7ft

O7ft

978

978

ftOft

898

ftOft

ftOft

ftOft

Aug. 

898

898

898

898

818

818

818

818

818

700

662

662

662

662

662

Afi9

flfi9

592

592

526

462

401

401

3<ll

341

341

341

286

286

286

286

Sept.

3<11

3<l1

3<l1

341

341

341

401

401

401

4fi9

462

462

462

462

462

AGf)

AfitJ

462

401

462

462

462

401

401

462

462

462

462

462

Oct.

462

462

401

401

462

462

462

462

401

401

401

401

401

401

401

3<I1

341

341

341

341

341

341

341

341

341

341

3<il

286

286

286

286

Nov.

341

341

286

286

286

286

286

286

OCA

286

286

286

286

341

Q41

401

401

341

341

341

341

341

341

371

341

<?<11

341

401

341

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a discharge rating curve well-defined, above 1,300 second-feet.
32 SURFACE,WATER SUPPL^Y, 1911, PABT I.

Monthly discharge of Madawaska River at St. Rose du Degele, Quebec, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 958 square miles.]

Month.

May 3-31.. ..............................

June ....................................

July.....................................

Disclmrge in second-feet.

Maximum.

8,180 

3,800 

1,340 

898 

462 

462 

401

Minimum.

2,680 

1,430 

898 

286 

341 

286 

286

Mean.

6,380 

2,410 

1,080 

598 

426 

375 

326

Per 

square 

mile.

6.66 

2.52 

1.13 

.624 

.445 

.391 

.340

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage

area).

7.18 

2.81 

1.30 

.72 

.50 

.45 

.38

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

FISH RIVER AT WALL A GRASS, MAINE.

Location. Just below the outlet of Wallagrass Stream, near Soldier Pond post office, 

about 7 miles south of Fort Kent, and 4 miles below Eagle Lake.

Records available. July 29,1903, to December 26,1908, and May 7,1911, to November 30,1911. Data also in annual reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 860 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain attached to trees on the bank; datum unchanged.

Discharge measurements. Made from car and cable 1,500 feet below the chain 

gage.

Winter now. Affected by ice.

Artificial control. There is a large lake area above the station, but the flow therefrom is not yet artificially controlled.

Accuracy. A good rating curve has been developed for this station, and the results 

are considered good.

Cooperation. Station maintained during 1911 by the International Commission, 

River St. John, which furnished the records of discharge measurements and gage 

heights.

Discharge measurements of Fish River at Wallagrass, Maine, in 1911. 

[By International Commission, River St. John.]

Date.

May 16.. .....................

May22.. .....................

MaySl. .......................

Gage 

height.

Feet.

Q fU

7.25

6.20

5.82

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

4 280

2,402

1,463

1,354

Date.

July 4.......................

Aug. 10... ....................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.08

3.91

3.64

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,086

572

407
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. ,

Daily gage height, in feet, offish River at Wallagmaa, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1....... '......................................

2.............................................

3.............................................

4............................................. 5....................:........................

6... .........................................

7.............................................

8.............................................

9.............................................

10. .........................................

11.............................................

12.............................................

13.. ......................... .....A. ..........

14.............................................

16.............................................

16.............................................

17.............................................

18.............................................

19........... .................................

20 

21.............................................

22.............................................

23.............................................

24.............................................

25............................................

26............................................:

27.............................................

28:............................................

29.............................................

30.............................................

31.............................................

May.

-

12.05

11.95

U QK

11.75

11.45

10.85

10.45

9.65

0 Id.

8.45

8.15

7.85

7.65

7.25

7.05

6.55

6.35

6.15

6.05

5.85

5.45

6.20

June.

6.45

6.55

6.55

6.15

6.05

5.85

5.55

5.55

5.45

4.76

4.65

4.85

4.85

4.75

5.08

5.24

5.14

5.24

4.84

4.44

4.24

3.94'

3.84

3.74

3.74

3.84

July.

3.84

q OA

3.91

3.74

3.64

3.54

3.54

3.44

3.44

3.44

3.34

3.34

o out

3.14

3.14

3.14

Q -tA

3.14

3.14

3.24

3.34

3.34

3.24

3.14

3 dA

3.44

Aug.

3.94

3.94

3.84

3.84

3.94

4.24

4.14

4.14

3.84

3

-M

3.14

3.04

3.04

o (\A

3.04

3.04

3.04

8.04

3.04

3.14

3.14

3.24

3.34

3.44

3.24

3.14

3.04

Sept.

2.84

2.74

2.94

2.94

2.94

2.94

2.94

2.94

2.84

3.14

3.14

3.04

2.94

3.04

2.94

2.04

2.94

2.94

2.94

2.94

2.94

3.04

8.14

3.14

3.14

3.14

X)ct.

2.94

2.94

2.94

2.74

2.74

, 2.64

2.64

2.54

9 Ki

2.54

2.54

2.44

9 dA

2.34

2.34

2.34

O 0 J.

9 34

9 dA

2.54

2.44

2.34

2.34

2.34

2.24

2.24

Nov.

2.14

2 14

2.14

2.14

2.14

2.14

2.24

2.24

2.34

2.34

2.44

2.44

2.54

9 fA

2.64

2.64

2

7!

2.74

2.64

2.54

2.64

2.54

2.44

2.54

2.64

2.64

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Fish River at Wallagrass, Maine, for

Day.

1....... ......................................

2..... ........................................

3.............................................

4.............................................

5.............................................

6.............................................

7.............................................

8.. ........................................

9.............................................

10.............................................

11.............................................

12.............................................

13.............................................

14.............................................

15.............................................

16.............................................

17.............................................

18.............................................

19.............................................

20.............................................

21.........:...................................

22.............................................

23.............................................

24.............................................

26.. .............................:..........

x...:..\.. ....................................

27.............................................

K.......... ...................................

9Q

30.............................................

31.............................................

May.

6,600

6,500

6,500

6,280

5,940

5,340

4,940

4,580

4,210

4,110

3,210

2,990

2,770

2,630

2,500

2,360

2,230

1,920

1,790

1,680

1,620

1,560

1,510

1,290

1,700

June.

1,850

1,920

1,920

1,800

1,680

1,620

1,510

1,350

1,350

1,290

1,120

959

910

1,000

1,000

954

1,110

1,150

1,190

1,140

1,190

995

820

737

R7R

619

582

545

545

582

July.

582

KAfi

510

60S

545

510

476

476

459

442

442

442

410

410

378

363

348 *tft

348

348

348

348

363

378

410

410

$18

348

442

. 442

442

Aug.

619

619

582

582

619

678

737

697

«97

582

442

348

335

319

319

319

319

319

319

319

319

319

348

348

378

410

426

442

378

348

319

Sept.

263

237

263

290

290

290

290

290

290

276

263

348

348

319

290

319

304

290

290

290

290*

290

290

290

290

319

348

348

348

348

Oct.

3l9

290

290

290

237

237

213

213

213

189

189

189

' 189

167

167

167

147

147

147

147

147

157

167

189

167

147

147

147

138

128

128

Nov.

109

109

109

109

109

109

109

128

128

147

147

157

167

167

189

189

213

213

225

237

237

213

189

189

189

-178

167

189

213

213

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a fairly well defined discharge rating curve. Discharge interpolated for days on which gage was not read.

48521° WSP 301 12 3
WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I.

Monthly discharge of Fish River at Wallagrass, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 860 square miles.]

Month.

May 7-3 1 ......................... J. .....

July.....................................

November...... . ........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

6,600 

1,920 

60S 

737

348 

319

v 237

Minimum.

1,290 

645 

348. 

319 

237 

128 

109

Mean.

3,470 

1,140 

429 

445 

300 

187 

.168

Per 

square 

mile.

4.03 

1.33 

.499 

.517 

.349 

.217 

.195

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

3.74

1.48 

.68 

.60 

.39 

.25 

.22

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

ST. CROIX RIVER BASIN.

ST. CROIX NEAR WOODLAND, MAINE.

Location. One and one-half miles below the dam of the St. Croix Paper Company, 

10 miles below the junction of the West Branch with the East Branch and 5 miles 

above Baring, Maine.

Records available. December 4, 1902, to December 31, 1911. Station discontinued . Data also in annual reports of the Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 1,420 square miles.

Gages. Vertical staff, 5J feet long, attached to a large bowlder on the left bank; a 

standard chain gage is used during high water. Prior to June 8, 1905, the gage 

was located^it Spragues Falls about 1J miles above the present site, to which it 

was»removed because of the construction of the dam and mills of the St. Croix 

Paper Company at the upper site. The relation between the datum of the gage 

at the original site and that now in use has not been determined.

Channel. Originally of gravel and rock; now gradually filling up with sawdust pulp 

from the mill above.

Discharge measurements. Made from a cable 400 feet below the gage.

Winter flow. The operation of the mill above and the velocity of the current at the 

eection tend to prevent the river from freezing over at the gage. In 1911 the 

channel at the gage w,as open throughout the winter.

Artificial control. The lake system of the St. Croix above the station comprises in 

the aggregate 82 square miles. The system is to a large extent controlled by dams 

which are used both for log driving and for storage. The mill above the station 

is run continuously, Sundays and week days, and the occasional shut downs last 

only a few hours.

Accuracy. The relation between gage heights and discharge is materially affected 

by backwater from log jams that form nearly every season on the head of an island 

a short distance below the section. Gage heights also show fluctuations caused 

by the operation of the mill gates. Results more or less unsatisfactory.

Cooperation1. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water Storage 

Commission.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 35 

Discharge measurements of St. Croix River near Woodland, Maine, in 1911.

Date.;

July 250

Oct. 10

Hydrographer. 3*.

Feet. 

8.29

6.52

Discharge.

8ec.-ft. 

2,100

767

a Gage height affected by backwater from logs on rips below cable and gage.

Daily gage height, in feet, of St. Crofa River near Woodland, Maine, for 1911. 

[Simeon Phinney, observer.]

Day.

1..... .......... 

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9............... 

10...............

11...............

12. .............. 

13...............

14...............

15............... 

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20............... 

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...........*.. 

26...........:...

26. ..............

27. .............. 

28............... 

29............... 

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

~"7.Y

7.1

7.1

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0 

7.0

7.0

7.0

.......

7.4 

7.5

7.5

7. 5

Feb.

""7."5~

7.5

7.4

7.4

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.1

6.8

.......

Mar.

6.9 

6.9

7.0

7.1

7.1

7.1

7.1

7.1

7.1

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2 

7.2

7.2 

7.3 

7.3 

7.3

Apr.

7.8

7.8

7 Q

7.9

7.9

7.9

8.0

8.2 

8.4

8.4

8.5

8.6

8.7

8.9

9.0 

9.0

9.0

8.9 

8.9

8.8

8.7 

8.7 

8.7

May.

8.6

8.5

8.4

8.4

8.3

8.3

8.2

8.2 

8.1

8.1

8.0 

8.0

7.9 

7.8

7.8

7.8

7.7

7.6

7.4

7.2

7.0 

7.0

June.

6.9

6.9

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.9 

6.9

6.9

7.0

7.2

7.3

7.4

7.4

7.3

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.5 

7.5

7.7 

7.9

July.

7.9

6.4

6.3

6.3

7.6

7 Q

7.9

7.8

7.8

7.8 

7.8

7.8

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.8 

7.8

7.8

7.9

7 Q

7.9 

7.9 

8.0

Aug.

"7.87.8 

7.8

7.7

7.7

7.8

7.8

7.7 

7.7

7.7

7.8

7.6

7.6

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.6

7.6

7.7

7.7 

7.7

7.7

7.7 

7.7 

7.8

.Sept.

7.8 

7.9

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.7

 7.5

7.4

7.3

7.2 

7.2

7.1

7.1

7.1 

7.1

7.1

7.1

......

7.2

7.4 

7.6

7.7 

7.7

Oct.

"~"7.Y

7.7

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.2

7.0

6.9 

6.8

6.8

6 Q

6.7

6.6

6.6

, 6.6 

6.6

6.0

6.4 

6.6

6.6

6.6 

6.6

6.4

Nov.

6.4 

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.4

6.5

6.5

~"6.~5'

6.5

6.6 

6.7

6.8

6.8

6.9

7.1

7 1

7.6

8.0 

8.2

8.0 

7.9 

7.9

7.7

Dec.

7.6 

7.6

7.5

7 t

7.1

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.2 

7.3

7.4

7.4

7.4

......

Q ft

" 8.4

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge probably not materially affected by ice during 1911. The 

gage heights during much of the year were affected by backwater from log jams, particularly during May, 

July, August, and September.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Croix River near Woodland, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8. ..............

9............... 10...............

Jan.

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,280

1,250

1,230

1,200

1.200

Feb.

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,640

1,640

1.640

Mar.

1,100

1,100

1,200

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1.310

Apr.

1,830

1,990

2,140

2,140

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

2.280

May.

2,870

2,720

2,570

2,570

2,420

2,420

2,350

2,280

2,280

2.140

June.

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,050

1,100

1.100

July.

2,280

1,480

670

590

590

1,280

1,630

1,630

1,570

1.510

Aug.

1,510

1,510

1,510

1,400

1,400

1 460 1,'sio

1,510

1 Af\f\

1.400

Sept.

1,510

1,630

1,510

1,400

1,280

1,280

1,280

1,400

1,400

1.330

Oct.

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,280

1,280

1,280

1,280

1,100

1,100

1.100

Nov.

670

590

590

590

590

590

CQA

670

670

750

Dec.

1,880

1,880

1,820

1,760

1,530

1,310

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200
3,6 SITBFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 19J.1, PABT I. >

Daily discharge, in secondrfeet, of St. Croix River near Woodland, Maine, for 1911 Con.

Day.

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22. ..............

23. ..............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29.............. 

30...............

31...............

Jan.

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,280

1,350

1,420

1,490

1,560

1,640

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,760 

1,760

1,760

Feb.

1,620

1,600

1,580

1,560

1,550

1,530

1,530

1,530

1,530

1,530

1,530

1,420

1,310

1,000

1,020

1,040

1,060

1,080

Mar.

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1-,420

1,420

1,530

1,530 

1,530

1,680

Apr.

2,420

2,720

3,030

3,030

3,190

3,280

3,360

3,530

3,890

4,070

4,070

4,070

3 980

3^890

3,890

3,710

3,530

3,360

3,190 

3,030

May.

2,140

2,010

2,010

1,940

1,880

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,640

1,530

1 480

l'420

1,310

1,260

1,200

1,260

1.310

I

Oftfl

1,420 

1,200

1,200

June.

1,100

1,100

1,200

1,420

1,530

1,640

1,640

1,580

1,530

1,640

1,640

1,640

1 fi4n

1,640

1,640

1,640

1,760

1,760

2,010

2,280

July.

1,510

1,510

1,510

1,510

1,470-

1 440

1*400

1,400

1 dnn

1,510

1,510

1,510

1,570

1,630

1,630

1,630

1,630

1,630

1,750 

1,630

1,510

Aug.

1,400

1,510

1,400

1,280

1,280

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,340

1,280

1,280

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,400

1 dnn

1,400 

1,400

1,510

Sept.

1,250

1,180

1,080

975

880

880

835

790

790

790

790

790

790

790

790

880

1,080

1,280

1,400 

1,400

Oct.

1,100

1,100

1,000

1,000

1,050

1,100

910

830

830

830

830

615

400

670

830

830

830

830

750 

670

670

Nov..

750

750

750

750

830

910

1,000

1,000

1,050

1,100

1,310

1,530

1,880

2,420

2,720

2,670

2,420

2,280

2,280 

2,010

Dec.

1,200

1,420

1,530

1,580

1,640

1,640

1,640

1,640

1,640

1,640

1,640

1,640

2,250

2,850

3,460

4,070

3,720

3,380

3,030 

3,000

3,000

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from three discharge rating curves: One appplicable Jan. 1 to Apr. 

27, May 25 to July 5, and Oct. 12 to Dec. 31; another applicable from May 1 to May 20; the third applicable 

from July 6 to Oct. 7. The discharge Apr. 28 to 30, May 21 to 24. and Oct. 8 to 11 has been estimated to 

merge from one curve to another. Discharge interpolated for all days, not included in these estimated 

periods, for which there was no gage reading.

The mills above ran continuously, Sundays and week days, no shut down lasting more than a few hours.

Monthly discharge of St. Croix River near Woodland, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,420 square miles.) ,

Month.

April....................................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,760 

1,760 

1,680 

4,070 

2,870 

2,280 

2,280 

1,510 

1,630 

1,400 

2,720 

4,070

4,070

Minimum.

1,200 

1,000 

1,100 

1,830 

1,200 

1,000 

590 

1,280 

790 

400 

590 

1,200

400

Mean.

1,400 

1,510 

1,370 

3,030 

1,850 

1,420 

1,470 

1,410 

1,120 

977 

1,220 

2,020

1,570

Per 

square 

mile.

0.986 

1.06 

.965 

2.13 

1.30 

1.00 

1.04 

.993 

.789 

.688 

.859 

1.42

1.11

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

qjea).

1.14 

1.10 

1.11 

2.38 

1.50 

1.12 

1.20 

1.14 

.88 

.79 

.96 

1.64

14.96

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B.

WEST BRANCH OF ST. CROIX RIVER NEAR BAILEYVILLE, MAINE.

Location. At highway bridge 1 mile from Baileyville railroad station, about 4 miles 

below Princeton, and about one-half mile above the mouth of Tomah Stream.

Records available. May 10, 1910, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 509 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain, attached to the floor of the bridge on the easterly span.

Channel. Permanent, but broken by four piers of the bridge; during extreme high 

stages water is liable to flow around abutments of the bridge.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 37

Discharge measurements. Made from the lower side of the bridge.

Winter flow. River generally 3oes not freeze completely over.

Artificial control. The lake system on West Branch is extensive and is largely

under artificial regulation. The dams are operated both for log driving and

storage for powers below. 

Accuracy. Relation between gage height and discharge probably somewhat affected

by ice during the winter and to some extent also by backwater from log .jams.

Sufficient measurements have not yet been made to fully develop a discharge

rating curve. 

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water

Storage Commission.

Discharge measurements of West Branch of St. Croix River near Baileyville, Maine, in 1911.

Date.

July 25

Oct. 10

11

Hydrographer. '

F. E. Pressey.... .............................................................

.....do........................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.05

4.00

3.98

Discharge.

Sec,-ft. 

694

296

284

Daily gage height, in feet, of West Branch of St. Croix River near Baileyville, Maine, for

1911.

[Mrs. W. M. Woodard, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7. ..............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

4 1

47

46

4.9 4 a

4 0

48

4.7 4 7

4.6

4.6

45

A O

43

40

40

4 5

4

e

45

4 >>

4.6

46

4.5

4

e

4 S

4.2

42

Feb.

4

K

45

45

4 1

4.2

44

45

'404.7

4.0

42

4.2

44

44

4

C

4

C

45

46

46

45

4 1

4.4

44

44

43

4

0

d 9

4 O

Mar.

41

4.1

41

40

4.0

40

3.7

3.7

42

40

4.0

40

4.0

4.0

4.0

40

A O

42

4.0

40

40

4.0

4.0

40

40

41

42

A Q

43

44

45

Apr.

4.4

4

C

4.5

4.6

4 0

5.0

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.6

5.6

5.7

5.7

5

0

5.8

5

Q

5.9

6.0

6.0

5.9

5.9

5.7

5.7

5.8

5

0

5.7

5 7

5.8

5.8

May.

5.9

5 0

5.6

5.8

5.9

5 0

5.0

5.9

6.2

6.2

5.7

5.5

.7

.0

.4

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.3

5.0

4 Q

4

0

A O

4

0

4 *>

40

4.5

3.9

4.0

June.

40

41

41

41

41

41

4.1

i 4.2

4 9

41

41

42

A O

44

4 1

4.7

49

5.0

5.3

5.3

5.0

5.8

5.8

5.0 4 a

5.8

5.6

5

0

6.0

6.0

July.

4.00

4 00

400

4.00

5.40

5.50

5.50

5.40

5.30

5.10

S ftfl

5.20

5.20

5.50

5.30

5.20

5.10

5.10

5.40

5 40

5.20

5 fin

5.10

5 an

5.00

5.00

5.02

5.15

5.20

5.35

Aug. 

5.05

5.08

5.28

5.00

4 OK

4.25

4 71

4.75

4.70

4.62

4 40

450 4 48

4.35

445

4.58

4.50 4 45

435

4.10

4

QC

d A9

458

455

445

450'

455

455

455

450

450

Sept.

.55

.55

.48

.45

445

.45

.45

.40

.40

.35

.35

.25

.15

.15

.15

.00

00

A QC

4 25

4 15

4.10 4 25

4.20

4.20

4 an

4 40

4 an

4.35

Oct.

435

4.28

4.05

4 (18

428

4.20

4.20

400

410

410

400

4.08

415

3.90

3 no

3.90

3.85

3.90

o on

S

on

3.85

3.78

3.85

3.88

3.80

3.80

3.80

3.80

3.80

3.70

3.72

Nov.

3.75

3.70

3.70

3.70

3.60

3.60

3.70

3.75

3.80

3.78

3.75

3.70

3.80

3.80

4 (Vt

4.10

4.10

4 40

4 40

440

425

3.85

4.70

4.00

420

4 98

4.00

3 on

430

430

Dec.

4.70

3.50

4.10

4 on

412

4.60

4.30

400

410

4.05

4.20

440

440

455

450

4.60

4.65

448

455

4 38

428

440

460

5.70

5.80

5.78

5.30

5.10

5.80

6.00

NOTE. No notes by observer regarding ice at this station. Probably more or less effect from backwater 

during the first three months, but backwater during December is doubtful.
38 SUBFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

MACHTAS KIVEB BASIN. 

MACHIAS BIVEB AT WHITNEYVILLE, MAINE.

Location. Wooden highway bridge in the town of Whitneyville; 4 miles above 

Machias; 200 feet below a storage dam.

Records available. October 17, 1903, to December 31, 1911. Data also in animal 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 165 square miles.

Gage. Prior to October 3, 1905, the gage was located on the Washington County 

railroad bridge three-quarters of a mile below the present location. Backwater 

was occasionally experienced here, however, from the dam at Machias and on the 

above-mentioned date the gage was transferred to the present location, but no 

connection between the datum of the two gages has ever been made. On October 

10, 1911, a standard chain gage was placed on the wooden highway bridge and 

referred to the same datum as the other gage on this bridge.

Channel. Permanent.

Discharge measurements. Still made at the railroad bridge, as the section there 

is better than above. Low-water measurements may be made by wading at a 

point 200 feet above the railroad bridge.

Winter flow. Full ice conditions do not ordinarily exist to the extent of the complete freezing over of the river at the gage, although the discharge is more or less 

affected.

Log driving. There is a certain amount of log driving every year and jams of short 

duration occasionally occur.

Artificial control. The gates in the storage dam immediately above the station are 

opened and closed each day during low stages of the river. As a result considerable fluctuation occurs at such times.

Accuracy. A fair rating curve has been developed except at low stages, when quantities are somewhat uncertain. The operations of the gates of the storage dam 

render results somewhat uncertain.

Cooperation. The work is done in cooperation with the Maine .State Water Storage 

Commission.

Discharge measurements of Machias River at Whitneyville, Maine, in 1911.

Date.

July 26

Oct. 12

Hydrographer.

F. E. Pressey............................................................

&,

Feet. 

3.37

3 00

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

' 226

506

Daily gage height, in feet, of Machias River at Whitneyville, Maine, for 1911. 

[Ira S. Albee, observer.]

Day.

1. ..............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

Jan.

4.3

4.6

4.9

5.4

5.2

4

O

4.4

4.2

4.2

4.2

Feb.

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.7

3.8

3.9

4.0

4.0

4.0

Mar.

3.7

3.7

3.65

3.6

3.6

3.55

3.4

3.4

3.35

Apr.

7.4

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.0

6.0

5.9

May.

5.9

5.9

5.8

5.7

5.6

5.5

5.5

5.6

5 7

5.7

June.

5.7

5.7

5.6

5.7

5.8

5.9

6.0

6.3

6.5

6.6

July.

5.0

4.8

4.5

4.3

4.1

4.0

3.8

3.5

3.4

Aug.

3.3

3.2

3.15

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.05

3.0

Sept.

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

Oct.

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.35

3.3

3.3

3.3

4.1

Nov.

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

Dec.

5.0

4.7

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.5

4.6

4.7
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 39

Daily gage height, in feet, of Machias River at Whitneyville, Maine, for 1911 Contd.

^ Day.

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27... ............

28...............

29...............

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

4.2

4.1

4.0

4.0

3.9

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2 

3.2

Feb.

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

.......

Mar.

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.6

3.9

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.6

4.6

6.9

9.0 

8.3

Apr.

5.8

5.7

5.6

5.4

6.5

7.0

6.8

6.6

6.2

5.9

5.6

5.5

5.5

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.2

5.4

5.7

5.8

May.

5.7

5.6

5.5

5.4

5.3/ 

5.2

5.1

5.0

4.7

4.5

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

5.0

5.1

5.3

5.5 

5.6

June.

6.4

6.2

6.0

6.0

6.0

5.9

5.8

5.6

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.0

A Q

4.7

4.4

4.2

4.0

4.0

6.9

July.

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.35

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4 

3.4

Aug.

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.9

3.0

3.1

8.2

3.3

3.6

3.6

3.55

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.2 

3.2

Sept.

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.5

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3 7

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.5

3.5

Oct.

3.9

4.0

3.9

3.6

3.4

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.2

3.2

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3 

3.3

Nov.

3.6

3.6

3.5

8.4

4.0

4.6

4.9

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.4

4.2

4.0

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

4.5

5.3

Dec.

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.1

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.8

5.4

7.9

6.4

5.5

4.9

4.6

7.5 

4.7

NOTE. Belatlon of gage height to discharge probably not materially affected by ice during the winter 

months. There are no notes regarding effect from log jams, but it is probable that for short intervals during 

April to June there may have been some backwater from this cause.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Machias River at Whitneyville, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1........ .......

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21..............

22..............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

642

814

1,000

1,350

1,210

937

698

587

587

587

587

534

482

482

433

482

482

482

482

433

3JJ7

343

300

260

224

191

161

161

161

161

161

Feb.,

161

161

161

161

343

387

433

482

482

482

482

482

433

433

387

343

343

343

343

343

343

343

343

343

343

343

343

343

Mar.

343

343

322

300

300

300

280

224

224

208

191

161

161

161

161

161

300

433

482

482

482

482

433

387

343

300

300

814

2,560

4,580

3,880

Apr.

3,010

2,200

1,800

1,420

1,070

i;420

1,800

1,800

1,800

1,720

1 640

1^560

1,490

1,350

2,200

2,650

2,470

2,290

1,960

1,720

1 490

l'420

1,420

1,280

1,210

1,140

1,210

1,350

1,560

1,640

May.

1,720

1,720

1,640

1,560

1,490

1,420

1,420

1,490

1,560

1,560

1,560

1,490

1,420

1.350

1,280

1,210

1 14H

1,070

875

755

fiQft

755

814

875

QO7

1,000

1,070

1,140

1,280

1,420

1,490

June.

1,560

1,560

1,490

1,560

1 640

1,720

1,800

2,040

2,200

2,290

2,120

1,960

1,800

1,800

1,800

1,720

1 640

1*40(1

1,358

1,280

1,210

1 14H

1,070

1,000

875

698

EO7

482

482

2,560

July.

1,070

937

755

642

534

482

387

300

260

224

224

224

224

224

, 208

m

'

161

132

105

105

105

105

105

105

224

224

224

994

224

224

224

Aug.

191

161

146

132

132

132

132

132 118'

105

105

105

105

81

105

132

161

300

 300

Qfin

280

260

260

260

224

161

161

161

161

Sept.

161

161

161

191

224

260

260

260

224

224

224

224

224

224

224

224

224

224

260

343

343

343

343

343

OAA

260

OO4

224

260

260

Oct.

260

260

260

224

224

208

191

191

191

534

433

482

433

300

224

161

132

132

132

132

132

161

161

191

191

191

101

191

191

191

Nov.

' 191

191

191

161

161

161

161

191

224

560

300

vtn

260

224

482

814

1 000 I'ooo 'ow

875

698

 5S7

482

387

OQ«7

387

3JJ7

187

755

1,280

Dec.

1,070

875

642

642

642

698

755

755

814

875

755

698

642

534

482

433

387

343

343

343

343

343

387

1,350

3,380

2,120

1,420

1,000

814

3,100

875

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a discharge rating curve well defined between 200 and 4,000 

Second-feet.
40 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Monthly discharge of Machias River at WMtneyvilU, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 465 square miles.] '

Month.

January.. . ..............................

February . ..............................

March...................................

April....................................

May

June. ...................................

Jaly....................... ..............

October. ................................

December. ..............................

The vear. .........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,350 

482 

4,580 

3,010 

1,720 

2,560 

1,070 

300 

343 

534 

1,280 

3,380

4.580

Minimum.

161 

161 

161 

1,140 

698 

482 

105 

81 

161 

132 

161 

343

81

Mean.

510 

355 

,648 

1,700 

1,260 

1,500 

302 

174 

247 

229 

461 

899

690

Per 

square 

mile.

1.10 

.763 

1.39 

3.06 

2.71 

3.23 

.649 

.374 

.531 

.492 

.991 

1.93

1.48

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.27 

.79 

1.60 

4.08 

3.12 

3.60 

.75 

.43 

.59 

.57 

1.11 

2.22

20.13

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B.

UNION RIVER BASIN.

UNION RIVER AT AMHERST, MAINE.

Location. At highway bridge three-fourths mile west of Amherst post office on

road to Bangor, about a mile below the highway bridge at the old tannery dam. 

Records available. July 25, 1909, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission. 

Drainage area. 140 square miles. 

Gage. Standard chain, established June 2, 1910, and placed at same datum as old

vertical gage nailed to log abutment.

Channel. Gravel, but not liable to change except in an unusual flood. 

Discharge measurements. Made from downstream side of the bridge. 

Winter flow. Affected by ice. 

Artificial control. A few log-driving dams above the station, but the regimen of

stream is only slightly affected by them. 

Accuracy. Relation between gage height and discharge is affected by ice and to a

certain extent, but for short periods, by backwater from log jams. A good rating

curve can probably be developed for periods during which the channel is open. 

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water

Storage Commission.

Discharge measurements of Union River at Amherst, Maine, in 1911. 

[F. E. Pressey, hydrographer.]

Date.

Aug. 15... ...................

15......................

Sept. 27...... ................

27......................

27.... ...V-- ............

27......................

27......................

27...................... yj.. ....................

^....,. ................

27......................

27......................

27......................

28......................

28......................

Gage 

height.

Feet.

5.48

5.48

5.79

5/79

5.79

5.79

5.79

6.79

5.79

5.79

5.79

5.79

5.79

5.76

5.76

Discharge.

8tc.-ft. 

42

40

69

68

68

67

66

69

64

66

72

72

72

70

68

Date.

28......................

28......................

28......................

28......................

28......................

28......................

28......................

Oct. 19......................

19......................

19....................:.

19......................

19......................

19......................

19......................

19.;....................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.76

5.76

5.76

6.77

5.77

5.77

6.77

5.77

5.40

5.40

5.38

5.38

6.32

5.32

5.31

5.31

Discharge.

8ec.-ft. 

68

70

69

76

73

74

72

73

37

38

38

38

34

32

32

32
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 41

Daily gage height, in feet, of Union River at Amherst, Maine, for 1911. 

[Floyd Sumner, observer.]

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

K..... ..........

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23.....:.........

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

8.45

8.30

7*80

7.50

7.00

7.00

6.80

6.78

Feb.

6.70

6.70

7.35

7.20

7.10

7.10

7.00

6.98

Mar.

6.98

6.98

6.98

6.95

6 95

7.50

7 on

7.95

10.60

Apr.

10.30

9.60

11 40

9.50

9.89

9.82

9.80

a 37

1A* Qn

10.48

in in

10.40

10.30

10.20

10.15

9 nn

9.50

9 35

» 9n

9.20

9 20

9 sn

9 30

9 fin

May.

9.42

9.30

9.10

8.75

8.50

8.30

8.00

7 on

7.68

7.45

7 40

7.35

7.26

7.20

7.10

7.03

6 90

6.80

6.70

6.63

6.55

6.50

6.70

6

QA

6.88

6 90

6.85

6

QA

6.70

6.65

& CA

June.

A A&

6.65

6.60

6.50

6.48

6.45

6.30

6.20

6.10

6.00

5.90

5.90

6.10

6 40

6

Kf)

A on

7.50

7.30

7.20

7.10

7 00

6 90

6.70

6

KA

6.30

6.20

6.10

6.00

6.05

6.05

July.

6.00

5.85

5.80

5.75

5.70

5.65

5.80

5.70

5.67-

5.63

5.58

5.53

5.50

5.48

5.40

5.40

5.35

5.35

5 A.n

5.38

5.35

5.35

5.40

5.40

5.45

5.45

5

ftA

5.58

K QA

5.95

5 90

Aug.

6.05

6.20

6.30

6.32

6.22

6.10

6.00

5.90

5.80

5.75

5.75

5.70

5.65

5.60

5 48

5.55

5.48

5.45

5.50

1 VI

5.52

5.55

5.58

5.55

5.50

5 45

5 40

5.38

5 46

5.50

5.56

Sept.

5.56

5.58

5.56

5.55

5.46

5.40

5.50

5.50

5.50

5.52

5.50

5.48

5.70

5 7A

t\ An

5.75

5.72

5.70

t> A9

5.65

5.70

5.70

5.75

5.75

5.75

5.77

«i 7Q

5.76

5.76

5.80

Oct.

5.78

5.73

5.72

. 5.72

5.90

5.85

5.75

5.72

5.52

5.32

5.32

5.37

5.35

E QA

5.30

5.32

5.37

5.58

5.42

5.30

5.18

5.20

5.60

5.50

5.42

5.35

5.32

5.32

5.31

5.30

5.30

Nov.

5.40

5.35

5.32

5.30

5.28

5.25

5.30

t> on

5.73

5.62

5.60

5.60

5.85

5 90

5.98

6.52

6.45

6.35

6.70

6.70

6.62

6.60

6.75

6.50

6.70

6.75

6.68

6.60

7.00

7.27

Dec.

7.03

7.22

7.90

8.20

8.50

9.21

9.60

9 9A

8.50

6.68

6.66

6.72

6.74

6.76

6.76

6.76

6.75

6.75

7.15

7.70

8.93

8.35

10.00

9.22

8.50

8.38

8.24

8.48

8.90

10.80

11.48

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from Jan. 1 to Apr. 10. Much backwater 

was caused by ice jams during December. AH gage readings during this period trere probably to the water 

surface.

GREEN LAKE AT GREEN LAKE, MAINE.

Location. At highway bridge at head of lake, 600 feet from Green Lake railroad 

station.

Records available. July 1, 1909, to December 31, 1911.

Area of lake surface. 4.43 square miles.

Gage. Staff, nailed to log abutment of highway bridge. Record shows the fluctuation of the lake level.

Cooperation. The cooperative observer is Mr. H. F. Lord, of Green Lake, Maine.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Green Lake at Green Lake, Maine, for 1911. 

[H. F. Lord, observer.]

Day.

1...... ....................

2. ..........................

3...........................

4...........................

5...........................

6...........................

7. ..........................

8...........................

9...........................

10...........................

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14...........................

16...........................

Apr,

4.0

4.1

' 4.2

4.3

4.4

4.6

4.8

May.

6.6

6.6

6.7

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.9

6.9

7.0

7.0

7.0

June.

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.5

7.5

7.5

July.

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

Aug.

6.6

6.6

6.6

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.3

Sept.

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.2

41

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.6

Oct.

2.8

2 7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.1

2.1

2.0

1.9

Nov.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.6

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.9

Dec.

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.7

2.7

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.9

2.9

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.1

3.1
42 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Green Lake at Green Lake, Maine, for 1911 Continued.

Day.

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

19...........................

20...........................

21...........................

22. ..........................

23. ..........................

24. ....................... /T.

25...........................

26...........................

27...........................

28. ..........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Apr.

5.0

5.2

5.4

5.6

5.7

5.7

5.9

5.9

6.0

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.3

6.4

6.5

May.

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.1

7.1

7.2

7.2

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.4

7.4

June.

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.3

7.3

July.

7.1

7.1

7.1

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.9

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.7

6.7

Aug.

6.2

6.2

6.1

6.1

6.0

5.9

5.8

5.7

5.6

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.1

5.1

5.0

Sept.

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

Oct.

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

a. 6

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4

Nov.

1.9

1.9

2.0

2.0

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.5

Dec.

3.1

3.2

3.2

3.3

3.3

3.4

3.4

3.6

3.9

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.5

i R

GREEN LAKE STREAM AT LAKE WOOD, MAINE.

Location. At highway bridge one-half mile below dam at outlet of Green Lake, onehalf mile from Lakewood post office, and $ miles from Ellsworth.

Records available. July 1, 1909, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 47 square miles.

Gage. Seven-foot staff, nailed to right-hand abutment, upstream side of bridge.

Channel. Permanent; banks not subject to overflow.

Discharge measurements. Made from lower side of bridge.

Winter flow. Ice does not exist every year at this station.

Artificial control. The dam one-half mile above the station at the outlet of the lake 

controls the storage of the lake, and computation does not show the natural flow.

Accuracy. Results believed to be good for the length of record.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water Storage 

Commission.

The following discharge measurement was made by F. E. Pressey: 

July 27,1911: Gage height, 2.73 feet; discharge, 51 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Green Lake Stream at Lakewood, Maine, for 1911. 

[Martin A. Garland, observer.)

Day.

1.. ...... .......

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

Jan.

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.40

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

Feb.

2.30

2.30

2.30

3.40

3.40

3.40

3.40

3.38

3.35

3.32

3.30

3.30

2.85

2.40

2.40

2.40

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

Mar.

3.05

3.02

3.00

2.98

2.98

2.90

2.90

2.90

2.90

2.88

2.88

2.85

2.85

2.82

2.82

2.82

2.80

2.80

2.80

2.80

Apr.

2.38

2.40

2.40

2.42

2.42

2.45

2.45

2.48

2.50

2.50

9 RA

2.50

9 <U\

2.52

2.52

2.55

2.58

2.80

2.85

2.88

May.

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.82

2.80

2.80

2.80

2.80

2.80

2.50

9 tn

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

9 <U\

9 <U\

2.50

2.50

June.

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.52

2.55

2.55

2.55

2.55

2.55

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

July.

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

9 7fl

9 7fl

9 7fl

2.70

2.70

2.70

2 7fl

9 7fl

2.70

2.70

Aug.

3.20

3.20

3.20

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

9 7fl

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

9 7fl

9 7fl

3.00

3.00

Sept.

2.90

3.30

3.30

3.30

3.30

3.30

3.30

3.30

3.25

3.22

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.18

3.15

3.15

Oct.

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

2.40

2.40

9 4fi

2.40

2.40

 2.90

Nov.

2.70

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2 4fi

2.45

9 JS

9 4fi

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2 4fi

2.45

2.45

2.45

Dec.

2.40

2.38

2.38

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.32

2.35

2.32

2.32

2.32

2.32

2.32
2STOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 43 

Daily gage height, infect, of Green Lake Stream at Lakewood, Maine, for 1911 Contd.

Day.

21...............

22

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27.. .............

28...............

29

30...............

31...............

Jan.

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2 on

2

QA

2.30

Feb.

3.20

3.18

3.18

3.15

3.15

3.12

3.10

3.08

Mar.

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.35

2.38

2.38

2.38

2.40

Apr.

2.88

2.88

2.85

2.x85

2.82

2.80

2.80

2.80

2.80

2.80

May.

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

June.

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.68

2.70

2.70

July.

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

'2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

3.20

3.20

3.20

Aug.

3.00

3.00

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

2.90

2.90

2.90

2.90

Sept.

3.15

3.15

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

Oct.

2.90

2.90

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

2.70

Nov.

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.40

2.40

Dec.

2.32

2.32

3.00

3.00

2.32

2.32

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge probably not materially affected by ice during the winte 

months, the fluctuation in stage being due almost entirely to controlled flow.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Green Lake Stream at Lakewood, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1.. .............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

10...............

11...............

12.........--.-..

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19........:......

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24. ..............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

19

19

19

19

19

1Q

19

19

19

19

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

Feb.

12

12

12

211

211

211

211

204

194

184

177

177

70

19

19

19

146

146

146

146

146

141

141

132

132

123

11Q

114

Mar.

108

101

96

92

92

77

77

77

77

74

74

70

70

65

65

65

62

62

62

62

12

12

12

12

12

12

16

18

18

18

19

Apr.

18

19

19

21

21

24

24

26

28

28

28

28

28

30

30

33

36

62

70

74

74

74

70

70

65

62

A9

A9

62

62

May.

70

70

70

65

62

A9

62

fi9

62

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

Ofi

* 9JJ

28

QQ

9fi

28

98

28

June.

28

28

28

28

28

30

33

33

33

33

33

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

47

49

Aft

July.

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

AQ

AQ

146

146

146

Aug.

146

146

146

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

49

96

96

96

96

288

288

288

288

OQfl

77

77

77

77

Sept.

77

177

177

177

177

177

177

177

162

152

146

146

146

146

146

146

146

141

132

132

132

132

49

49

49

4Q

49

49

49

49

Oct.

49

49

49

49

146

146

146

146

146

146

146

146

146

146

19

19

1Q

1Q

19

77.

77

77

. 49

49

49

4Q

49

49

49

49

4Q

Noy.

49

9A

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

19

19

Dec.

19

18

18

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

13

16

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

96

96

13

13

13

11

13

13

13

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a rating curve fairly well denned above about 20 second-feet 

Discharge Dec. 27 to 31 estimated.
44 SUBFACE WATEE, SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Monthly discharge of Green Lake Stream at Lakewood, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 47 square miles.]

Month.

March..... .

April....................................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

19 

211 

108 

74 

70 

49 

146 

288 

177 

146 

49 

96

288

Minimum.

12 

12 

12

18 

28 

28 

49 

49 

49 

19 

19 

13

12

Mean.

14.3

128 

54.5 

43.7 

38.7 

39.5 

58.4 

107 

124 

78.2 

24.5 

19.9

60.3

Per 

square 

mile.

0.304 

2.72 

1.16 

.930 

.823 

.840 

1.24 

2.28 

2.64 

1.66 

.521 

.423

1.28

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.)

0.35 

2.83 

1.34 

1.04 

.95 

.94 

1.43 

2.63 

2.94 

1.91 

.58 

.49

17.43

Accuracy.

C. 

B.v 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

BRANCH LAKE NEAR ELLSWOBTH, MAINE.

Location. Near the intake to the wheels of the Branch Pond Lumber Co.'s Mill, 

at the lower end of Branch Lake, in Ellsworth, Maine.

Records available. June 29, 1909, to October 20, 1911.

Area of lake surface. 4.33 square miles.

Gage. Datum unchanged. Readings indicate height of lake.

Altitude. Altitude as determined by Geological Survey, 236 feet above sea level, 

and this height was assumed as the height of the water surface at the time of the 

Union River surface reconnaissance.1 In accordance with this assumption, the 

top of the mill-pond dam at the lower end of the lake is 240 feet above sea level.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Survey Commission.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Branch Lake near Ellsworth, Maine, for 1911. 

[H. B. Moor and L. H. Cushman, observers.]

Day.

1............. ......

2...................

3...................

4...................

5...................

6...................

7...................

8...................

9...................

10...................

11...................

12...................

13...................

14...................

15...................

16...................

17...................

18...................

19...................

20...................

Jan.

2.25

2.3

2.35

2.6

2.75

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.9

3.0

3.05

3.1

3.1

3.15

3.15

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.15

Feb.

3.25

3.25

3.25

3.25

3.3

3.4

3.45

3.5

3.5

3.55

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.65

3.65

3.65

3.65

3.7

Mar.

3.75

3.75

3.7

3.65

3.6

3.6

3.55

3.5

3.5

3.45

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.35

3.35

3.35

3.35

3.35

3.4

3.45

Apr.

4.6

4.7

4.75

4.75

4.8

4.85

4.9

4.95

5.25

5.4

5.45

5.45

5.5

5.55

5.6

5.7

6.0

6.1

6.2

6.25

May.

6.45

6.45

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.55

6.55

6.55

6.55

6.5

6.5

6.45

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.35

6.3

6.25

6.2

June.

5.95

5.95

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.85

5.8

5.75

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.6

5.65

5.7

5.7

5.75

5.75

5.75

5.75

5.75

July.

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.25

5.85

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.15

5.1

5.05

5.0

4.95

4.9

4.85

4.8

4.75

4.7

Aug.

4.45

4.4

4.35

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.25

4.2

4.2

4.15

4.1

4.1

4.05

4.0

3.95

3.9

3.85

3.8

3.8

Sept.

3.3

3.25

3.25

3.2

3.15

3.1

3.1

3.05

3.05

3.05

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.95

2.9

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.8

2.8

Oct.

2.6

2.55

2.5

2.5

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.3

2.25

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

Water-Supply Paper U. S. Geol. Survey No. 281,1912, p. 64.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Branch Lake near Ellsworth,

45

me,/or 1911 Continued.

Day.

21...................

22...................

23...................

24...................

25...................

26...................

27. ..................

38. ..................

29...................

30...................

81...................

Jan.

3.15

3.15

3.15

3.15

3.15

3.15

3.15

3.15

3.15

3.2

3.2

Feb.

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.75

3.75

Mar.

3.5

3.5

3.55

3.55

3.55

3.55

3.55

3.65

4.0

4.25

4.5

Apr.

6.25

6.3

6.3

6.35

6.35

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.45

May.

6.2

6.15

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.05

6.0

5.95

June.

5.7

5.65

5.65

5.6

5.6

5.5

5.45

5.4

5.35

5.3

July.

4.7

4.65

4.65

4.6

4.6

46

455

45

4.55

4.55

4.5

Aug.

3.8

3.7

3.65

3.6

3.55

3.5

3.5 *

3.45

3.4

3.3

3.3

Sept.

2.75

2.75

2.75

2.75

2.7

2.7

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

Oct.

BRANCH LAKE STREAM NEAR ELLSWOBTH, MAINE.

Location. At small highway bridge immediately below the sawmill at outlet of 

Branch Lake, 5 miles from Ellsworth.

Records available. July 1, 1909, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

 reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 31 square miles.

Gage. Seven-foot staff nailed to right abutment downstream side of bridge. Lake 

levels are taken on 8J-foot staff nailed to corner of mill near intake of wheel.

Channel. Gravelly and permanent in natural condition; fills up from sawmill waste, 

but generally clears itself during spring freshets.

Discharge. Measurements are made from highway bridge. Discharge can be made 

from the detailed readings of the time and amount of opening of the gates of the 

wheels, but the actual discharge through the wheels is not computed. The mill 

records are simply used to determine the lengths of time that the readings on the 

gage at the bridge apply. The fluctuations of the levels of the lake as recorded 

on the lake gage are also used in a general way in computing the discharge at the 

station.

Winter flow. Relation between gage height and discharge as a rule affected by ice.

Artificial control. The flow from the lake is regulated in the interest of the sawmill 

and power plants at Ellsworth.

Accuracy. Results are uncertain largely because of the filling of the channel by 

sawdust.

Cooperation. The cooperative observer is Mr. H. B. Moor at Ellsworth, Maine.

Discharge measurements of Branch Lake Stream near Ellsworth, Maine, in 1911. ~~

Date.

July 27

Oct. 2

2

Dec. 28

28

28

Hydrographer.

.....do............:.......................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do..................................................'..................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

height.

Feet. 

4.95

480

480

430

3.93

4.20

Discharge.

8ee.-ft. 

129

108

107

44

14

36
46 SUBFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Branch Lake Stream near Ellsworth, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9

-<

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

35

35

35

40

35

35

35

35

35

35

30

30

19

12

12

12

10

8

18

18

18

18

18

18

15

15

15

10

10

10

10

Feb.

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

10

10

10

10

10

8

8

5

5

Mar.

5

5

29

56

56

56

48

48

48

51

51

5

54

54

54

54

54

54

5

54

54

54

54

54

54

5

54

57fin

64

57

Apr.

66

5

73

69

69

66 TO

»0

5

76

80

80

80

80

an

5

80

an

80

80

80

an

12

72

72

72

65

65

65

65

May.

65

65

RS

65

65

65

19

46

46

46

95

95

'12 46

79

72

72

79

72

72

12

79

Qt;

95

95

68

68

- 12

72

72ot;

June.

72

72

68

12

72

99

79

72

95

68

12

68

68

68

68

' 68

72

19

OS

95

95

95

72

72

12

72

65

65

95

68

July.

91

%5

5

5

61

61

61

61

5

61

61

61

61

61

61

5

61

61

61

61

61

61

5

61

61

61

57

57

57

5

57

Aug.

57

57

57

57

57

5

54

54

54

5

54

54

5

54

54

54

54

66

66

23

91

94

94

69

69

54

20

69

94

69

69

Sept.

69

69

5

69

69

69

fid

on

54

5

54

54

54

51

54

54

5

51

51

51

51

51

51

5

51

51

51

48

48

56

Oct.

35

60fin

60

60

60

35

29

on

29

29

29

29

29

18

30

30

30

30

30

29

29

28

27

26

26

25

24

24

23

22

Nov.

21

21

20

20

10

23

23

23

23

10

23

11

26

/ 26 ' 26

26

26

26

12

34

26

26

47

47

23

11

26

26

30

26

Dec.

23

26

30

48

30

26

26

26

27

22

22

22

22

22

24

25

26

26

25

25

24

24

40

56

53

50

45

40

35

35

35

NOTE. Daily discharge computed from gage heights and observer's additional notes of time to which 

age heights apply depending on the operation of the two units at the lumber mill above. Discharge 

determined from a weft-defined discharge rating curve.

Monthly discharge of Branch Lake Stream near Ellsworth, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 31 square miles,]

Month.

May

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

40 

10 

64 

80 

95 

99 

91 

94 

90 

60 

47 

56

99

Minimum.

8 

5 

5 

5 

12 

12 

5 

5 

5 

18 

10 

22

5

Mean.

22.0 

8.7 

45.4 

64.9 

63.8 

68.0 

48.8 

55.9 

50.3 

33.0 

23.9 

31.0

43.2

Per 

square 

mile.

0.710 

.281 

1.46 

2.09 

2.06 

2.19 

1.57 

1.80 

1.62 

1.06 

.771 

1.00

1.39

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.82 

.29 

1.68 

2.33

. 2.38 

2.44 

1.81 

2.08 

1.81 . 1.22 

.86 

1.15

18.87

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST.

PENOBSCOT RIVER BASIN.

WEST BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVER AT MILLINOCKET, MAINE.

Location. Quakish Lake dam and the Millinocket mill of the Great Northern Paper 

Co. at Millinocket, Maine.

Records available. January 11, 1901, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 1,880 square miles.

Gage. Automatic recording gage of the Friez type at Quakish Lake dam and gages 

in the forebay and tail races at the mill.

Channel. Crest of concrete dam.

Determination of discharge. The flow is computed by considering the flow of the 

dam, the flow through the wheels, and the water used from time to time through 

the log sluices, filters, etc. The wheels were rated at Holyoke, Mass., before being 

placed in position. As the head under which they work, averaging about 110 

feet, is much greater than the head under which they were tested, numerous tubefloat measurements of flow in the channel leading to the mill have been made by 

engineers of the company, in order to determine just how much water the mill 

used under different conditions of gate opening. In addition to this, a series of 

current meter measurements were made by the United States Geological Survey 

to check the float measurements. It is believed that by means of the various 

checks on measurements, the estimates of discharge through the wheels are 

excellent. When the flow of the river is less than 2,500 second feet, all of the 

water generally flows through the wheels of the mill.

Winter flovr. No difficulty is experienced in the winter on account of ice affecting 

the estimates of discharge or the running of the wheels. Ferguson Pond, just 

above the entrance to the canal, eliminates effect from anchor ice.

Artificial control. Storage dams at the outlet of North Twin Lake and at the outlet 

of Chesuncook Lake' store water on a surface of about 65 square miles with a 

capacity of about 32,000,000,000 cubic feet. Except during the time (usually in 

August), that excess water has to be supplied for log driving on the river below 

Millinocket, and for a short time during the spring freshet, run-off is regulated by 

storage.

Accuracy. Results believed to be very good for a station of this type.

Cooperation. Results obtained and computations made by engineers of the Great 

Northern Paper Co., who furnish these data to the Survey.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofPenobscot River at Millinocket, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

I...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8. ..............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12

13..!............

14...............

15...............

Jan.

«2,230 

1,940 

2,250 

2,220 

2,120

2,170

2,260 

02,260 

2,040 

2,260

2,240 

.2,240 

2,240

2,260 

02.260

Feb.

2,360 

2,360 

2,360 

2,360 

o2,300

1,420 

2,360 

2,360 

2,080 

1,950

1,950 

«1,950 

1,400 

1,680 

1,180

Mar.

690 

690 

.690 

690 

0690

680 

740 

740 

740 

740

740 

0740 

460 

740 

740

Apr.

620 

0620 

320 

560 

920

1,350 

1,380 

1,140 

0970 

940

970 

960 

560 

560 

560

May.

260 

2,200 

2,580 

2,600 

2,670

2,660 

o2,660 

"1,340 

2,710 

2,680

2,750 

2,670 

2,670 

02,670 

1,270

ogund

June.

2,670 

2,670 

2,670 

02,670 

1,270

2,670 

2,670 

2,670 

2,670 

2,670

o2,670 

1,270 

2,670 

2,670 

2,670

ay.

July.

2,160 

o2,080 

1,780 

1,770 

1,760

2,330 

2,320 

2,330 

o2,360 

2,250

2,360 

2,280 

2,330 

2,320 

2,350

Aug.

2,310 

2,300 

2,270 

2,360 

2,290

ol,840 

2,250 

2,250 

2,250 

2,320

2,370 

2,350 

o2,030 

2,460 

2,620

Sept.

2,670 

2,670 

ol,910 

1,760 

2,170

2,210

2,220 

2,240 

2,230

ol,800

2,260 

2,260 

2,260 

2,260 

2,260

Oct.

o2,030 

2,260 

2,260 

2,260 

2,260

2,260 

2,260 

o2,030 

2,260 

2,260

2,260 

2,260 

2,260 

2,260 

o2,030

Nov.

2,260 

2,260 

2,260 

2,260 

02,050

2,260 

2,260 

2,260 

2,260 

2,260

2,260 

02,000 

2,260 

2,260 

2,260

Dec.

2,120 

2,120 

o2,060 

2,120 

2,120

2,120 

2,120 

1,990 

1,990 

o2,050

1,990 

1,990 

1,990 

1,990 

1,990
48 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofPenobscot River at Millinocket, Maine, for 1911 Con,

Day.

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24. ..............

25...............

26. ..............

27. ..............

28...............

29...............

30

31...............

Jan.

1,940

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2

OKfl

o2,210

1,960

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,160

o2,260

1,920

2,260

Feb.

1,380

1,260

850

o690

430

690

Aon

690

690

690

o690

430

Aon

Mar.

740

74A

740

o740

520

7OA

730

730

730

730

o730

450

620

620

620

620

Apr.

o970

440

1,370

1,380

1,380

I

con

I

oon

ol, 120

340

1 380

1,780

I

orm

1 ftfifi

I

QftA

May.

2,670

9 530

2,630

2,670

2,670

o2,660

1,270

2,670

2,670

2,670

2,630

2,670

o2,670

1,270

2,670

2,670

June.

2,670

2,670

o2,670

1,270

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

o2,260

1 220

2

OfiA

2,260

2,260

July.

o2,280

1,860

2,250

2,280

2,260

2,360

2,360

o2,290

2,110

2,370

2,370

2,370

2,370

2,350

1,760

Aug.

2,640

2,650

2,400

2,460

ol,820

2,260

2 250

2^250

2,250

2,250

2,200

o2,000

2,250

2,670

2,670

2,670

Sept.

2,260

ol,840

2,260

2,260

2,260

2 260

2,260

2,260

ol,910

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,240

Oct.

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

ol,830

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,260

o2,030

2,260

2,260

Nov.

2,130

2,120

2,100

a2,050

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

ol,790

2,120

2,120

2,120

2,120

Dec.

1,990

o2,090

2,000

2,000

2,000

2,000

2,000

2,000

o2, 110

2,190

2,050

2,050

2,050

1,470

1,580

»1,850

o Sunday.

Monthly discharge of Penobscot River at Millinocket, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,880 square miles.]

Month.

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

November. ...................................

December. ....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,260 

2/360 

740 

2,100 

2,750 

2,670 

2,370 

2,670 

2,670 

2,260 

2,260 

2,190

2,750

Minimum.

1,920 

430 

450 

320 

260 

1,220 

1,760 

1,820 

1,760 

1,830 

1,790 

1,470

260

Mean.

2,190 

1,430 

687 

1,100 

2,390 

2,340 

2,220 

2,320 

2,210 

2,220 

2,160 

2,010

1,940

Per

square 

mile.

1.16 

.761 

.365 

.585 

1.27 

1.24 

1.18 

1.23 

1.18 

1.18 

1.15 

1.07

1.03

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.34

.79 

.42 

.65 

1.46 

1.38 

1.36 

1.42 

1.32 

1.36 

1.28 

1.23

14.01

PENOBSCOT RIVER AT WEST ENFIELD, MAINE.

Location. At the steel highway bridge 1 mile below the village of West Enfield, 

Maine, and 1,000 feet below the mouth of Piscataquis River.

Records available. January 1, 1902, to December 31, 1911; data published also in 

' Annual Reports of the Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 6,600 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain; datum unchanged. (

Channel. Permanent; broken by four bridge piers; banks high and rocky and not 

subject to overflow.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Artificial control. Flow of the river since about 1900 largely controlled by storage, 

principally in the lakes tributary to the West Branch. About 1 mile above the 

station is the dam of the International Paper Co., and the Piscataquis is dammed 

near its entrance into the Penobscot. Considerable water is held above these 

two dams at night. At low stages daily fluctuations in gage heights are caused by 

variations in wheel gate openings.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 49

Accuracy. Conditions favor the accurate determination of discharge; a fairly good 

discharge-rating curve has been developed.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water Storage 

Commission. Many of the discharge measurements are made by the students of 

the University of Maine under the direction of Prof. H. S. Boardman.

Discharge measurements ofPenobscot River at West Enfield, Maine, in 1911. 

[Made by University of Maine students under direction of Prof. H. B. Boardman.]

Date.

30......................

Oct. 7......................

7......................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.82

3.82

3.22

3.22

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

7,550

7,670

6,190

5,780

Date.

Oct. 14.. .....................

14.. ................ ..^..

18.......................

18.......................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.44

2.44

2.41

2 4.1

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

4,230

4,130

4,150

4,270

Daily gage height, in feet, ofPenobscot River at West Enfield, Maine, for 1911. 

[A. H. Hanson, observer.]

Day.

1............... 

2. .............. 

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

10...............

11............... 

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27............... 

28...............

29............... 

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

3.8 

3.75

3.8

4.15

4.3

4.45

4.65

4.55

4.4

4.4

4.35

4.2

4.2

4.15

3.95

3.75

5.0

4.3

4.4

"4*3"

Feb.

""4.2

4.5

4.3

4.2

3.8

3.4

3.6

'"S.2

Mar.

'"3.3

3.1

3.0

2.9

3.3

3.4

3.4

""i'e"

'"i'i

Apr.

"5."i"

5.3

5.95

6.3

6.7

7.0

7.15 

7.45

7.35

7.8

Q 3

9 A.H

9.6

9.5

9.45

9.2

9.05

8.55

8.0

7.4

7.75

8.2

8.7 

9.5

10.1 

10.65

May.

10.8 

10.9 

10.85

10.35

9.4

8.3

7.0 6.6'

6.5

6.85

6.55 

6.35

6.2

5.95

5.35

5.3

5.2

4.9

4.85

4.7

4.4

4.3

4.55

4.55

4.3

4.05

4.25 

3.85

3.75 

4.05 

4.3

June.

4.55 

4.75 

4.9

4.6

4.15

4.2

4.25

4.15

3.85

3.6

3.55 

3.25

3.65

4.5

4.65

4.65

4.45

4.65

4.8

4.75

4.6

4.5

4.15 Q q

3.65

3.1

3.25 

3.6

3.6 

3.5

July.

3.65 

3.45 

3.35

3.05

2.9

3.0

3.6

3.5

3.2

2.95

2.9 

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.85

2.6

2.65

2.8

2.9

2.85

2.85

2.9

2.85

2.8

2.85

2.8

:::E

Aug.

"2.9"

2.8

2.6

2.6

2.3

2.25

2.2

2.3

2.5 

2.3

2.15

1.95

2.2

2.55

2.6

2.75

2.95

3.15

3.35

3.4

3.05

3.1

2.95

2.8

2.7 

2.65

2.9 

3.25 

3.35

Sept.

3.3 

3.2 

2.55

2.75

3.05

3.05

3.2

3.35

3.35

3.2

3.05 

3.3

3.1

3.15

3.15

3.0

2.9

2.95

3.05

3.15

3.1

3.05

3.15

3.15

3.2

3.35

3.55 

3.95

4.05

3.85

Oct.

3.65 

3.5 

3.35

3.35

3.3

3.25

3.25

2.8

2.4

2.5

2.55 

2.4

2.5

2.3

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.45

2.5

2.6

2.6

2.8

3.05

3.15

3.5

3.3

3.3 

3.3

2.7 

2.55

2.7

Nov.

2.9 

2.9

2.7

2.7

2.25

2.25

2.35

2.9

3.4

3.25

3.15 

3.2

2.9

2.8

3.3

4.0

3.7

3.6

3.4

3.3

3.8

3.7

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.15

2

0 

. 0

2.8

3.75

4.7

Dec.

5.75 

5.3 

4.45

4.3

4.15

4.35

4 25

4.3

4.45

4.15

4.15 

4.35

4.75

7.55

7.15

6.55

5.8

5.25

5.35

4.7

4.9

4.8

4.7

6.25

7.65

7.5

7.15 

6.75

6.05 

5.35 

5.0

NOTE. The relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from Jan. 1 to Apr. 15. Probably not 

affected by backwater from ice during December. Gage heights were to water surface.

48521° WSP 301 12 4
50 SUEFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Penobscot River at West Mnfield, Mame,for 1911.

Day.

1...... .....................

2...........................

3...........................

4...........................

5...........................

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9...........................

10............................

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

19...........................

20...........................

21...........................

22...........................

23...........................

24...........................

25...........................

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Apr.

30,700

31,600

31,000

30,700

29,300

28,400

25,700

23,000

20 200

21,800

23,900.

56,500

31,000

34,400

37,800

May.

38,600

39,200

38,900

36,000

30,400

24,400

18,400

16,400

17,800

15,800

15,200

14 300

12,100

12,000

11,600

10,700

10,500

10,000

9,120

8,830

9

K7f\

9,570

8,830

8,120

8,680

7,580

7,300

8,120

8,830

June.

9,570

10,700

9,720

s 4nn

8,540

8,680

8 Ann

7,580

6,910

6,780

6,020

7 040

9,420

Q SSfl

9,880

9,270

9 OCA

10,200

9

7OA

9,420

8 4ftft

7,710

7 fUft

5,650

6,020

6,910

6,910

6,650

July.

7,040

6,520

6,260

5,540

5,190

5,420

6,910

6,650

5,890

5,300

5,190

5,420

5,420

5,190

5,080

4,500

4,620

4 rum

5,190

5,080

5,080

5,190

5,080

4,960

5,080

4 960

4,990

5,020

5,040

5,070

5,100

Aug.

5,130

5,160

5,190

4,J»0

4,500

4,500

3,840

3,740

3,630

3,840

4,280

3,840

3,530

3,140

3,630

4,390

4,500

4

QAf\

5,300

5,770

6,260

6,390

5,540

5,650

5,300

4 960

4,730

4,620

5,190

6,020

6,260

Sept.

6,140

5,890

4,390

4,840

5,540

5,540

5,890

6,260

5,890

5,540

6,140

5,650

5,770

5,770

5,420

5,190

5,300

5,540

5,770

5,650

5,540

5,770

5,770

5,890

6,260

6,780

7,840

8,120

7,580

Oct.

7,040

6,260

6,260

6,140

6,020

6,020

4 960

4,060

4,280

4,390

4,060

4,280

3,840

3,430

3,430

3,430

4,170

4,280

4,500

4,500

4,960

5 540

5,770

6,650

6,140

6,140

6,140

4,730

4,390

4,730

Nov.

5,190

5

1QA

4,730

4,730

3,740

3,740

3,950

5,190

6,390

6,020

5,770

5,890.

5,190

4,960

6,140

7,980

7,170

6,910

6,390

6,140

7,440

7,170

6,390

6,140

5,890

5,770

4,960

4,960

7,300

10,000

Dec.

13,500

12,000

9,270

8,830

8,400

8,980

8,680

8,830

9,270

8,400

8,400

8,980

10,200

20,800

19,100

16,600

13,700

11,800

12,100

10,000

10,700

10,300

10,000

15,400

21,300

20,600

19,100

17,400

14,600

12,100

11,000

NOTE. Daily discharge determined-from a well-defined discharge rating curve.

Monthly discharge of Penobscot River at West Enfield, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 6,600 square miles.]

Month,

May....................................

July....................................

The year. .........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum37,800

39,200 

10,700 

7,040 

6,390 

8,120 

7,040 

10,000 

21,300

39,200

Minimum.

7,300 

5,650 

4,500 

3,140 

4,390 

3,43fr 

3,740 

8,400

............

Mean,

5,000 

3,500 

3,900 

20,100 

16,100 

8,390 

5,390 

4,790 

5,990 

5,070 

5,910 

12,600

8,110

Per 

square 

mile.

0.758 

.530 

.591 

3.05 

2.44 

1.27 

.817 

.726 

.898 

.768 

.895 

1.91

1.2S

Run-oft , 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.87 

.55 

.68 

3.40 

2.81 

1.42 

.94 

.84 

1.00 

.89 

1.00 

2.20

16,60

Accuraeyi

D. 

D. 

D. 

B. 

A. 

Av 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 to Apr. 15 estimated by means of climatologic records and consideration of 

the relative rate of run-off from other drainages in northern Maine.

Mean discharge Apr. 1 to 15 estimated 11,900 second-feet, ranging from about 7,000 to about 27,000 secondfeet.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 51

BAST BRANCH OP PE NOB SCOT RIVER AT GRINDSTONE, MAINS.

Location. Bangor & Aroostook Railroad bridge one-half mile south of railroad 

station at Grindstone, one-eighth mile above Grindstone Falls, and about 8 

miles above the mouth at Medway.

Records available. October 23, 1902, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 1,100 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain; datum unchanged.

Channel. Permanent; stream confined by abutments of bridge and broken by one 

pier at ordinary stages; velocity of current medium at moderate and high stages 

but sluggish at low water.

Discharge measurements. Made from the railroad bridge.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Artificial control. Several dams are maintained at the outlets of a number of 

lakes arid ponds near the source of the river and regulated in the interests of log 

driving. During the summer anS fall gates are generally left open. The basin 

of the East Branch since about 1840 includes about 270 square miles of additional territory draining into Chamberlain Lake that formerly drained into the 

St. John River basin. This diversion is made through what is known as the 

Telos Canal.

Accuracy. The relation between gage height and discharge is materially affected 

by backwater from log jams that form at the station and at Grindstone Falls 

immediately below and during the winter months by ice. Results believed 

to be fair for moderate and high stages, but uncertain for low water.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water 

Storage Commission.

The following discharge measurement was made by F. E. Pressey: 

July 19, 1911: Gage height, 5.00 feet; discharge, 622 second-feet.

Daily gage height, infect, of East Branch ofPenobscot River at Grindstone, Maine, for 1911,

[George H. Goddard, observer.]

Day.

'l..... ..........

2...............

3............... 

4. .............. 

5...............

6..... ..........

7...............

...... .......... 

9...............

10............... 

11...............

12...............

13............... 

14...............

IS...............

16............... 

17...............

18............... 

19............... 

20...............

Jan.

" "s'.w

5.00

.......

.......

4.85

Feb.

4.70

.......

4.70

.......

.......

4.70

.......

Mar.

4.60

"i'eo"

"4."70"

.......

Apr.

"s.'so"

.......

6.40

.......

'"7." 75" 

7.45

May.

9.38

9.70

9.82 

9.15 

8.05

7.10

6.70

6.70 

6.95

6.80 

6.65

6.68

6.80 

6.80

6.72

6.52 

6.42

6.50 

6.45 

6.35

June.

6.30

6.00

5.75 

5.85 

6.65

6.95

6.85

6.12 

5.12

5.10 

5.10

6.15

6.55

5.75

5.60

5.60 

6.50

7.08 

7.05 

6.92

July.

6.52

6.50

6.45 

6.32 

6.20

6.15

6.02

5.90

5.78

5.65

5.52

5.40

5.30

5.25

5.18

5.10

5.02

5.00 

5.00 

4.92

Aug.

5.25

5.20

5.08 

4.98 

4 on

4.90

4.88

4.85 

4.80

4.78 

4.12

4.10

4.10 

4.10

4.05

4.65

4.78

4.55

4.80 

5.68

Sept.

4.88

4.82

5.00 

5.00 

4.92

4.95

4 45

5.15

4.88

4.72 

4.70

4.60

4.70 

4.62

4.82

4.90 

4.90

4.80 

4.62 

- 4.60

Oct.

5.90

5.80

5.70 

5.70 

5.70

5.58

5.40

5.25 

5.10

4.75 

4.52

4.50

4.50 

4.50

4 50

4.50 

4.45

4.42

4.48 

4.58

Nov.

4.72

4.60

4.60 

4.55 

4.50

4.50

4.82

5.08 

5.20

5.20 

5.25

5.48

5.72 

5.95

5.98

5.90 

5.68

5.58 

1 5.50 

5.50

Dec.

......

5.70

......

5.80

"<U)6

"6."50

"6." 16
52 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, Maine, for

1911 Continued.

Day.

21............... 

22............... 

23............... 

24............... 

25...............

26...............

27...............

28. .............. 

29............... 

30

31...............

Jan.

4.75

.......

Feb.

"4." TO"

.......

Mar.

"i'so"

"e.'so'

Apr.

7.05 

6.80 

6.55 

6.42 

6.85

7.32

7.60

8.20 

8.75 

9.10

May.

6.30

7.25 

7.60 

6.90 

5.90

5.80

5.70

5.70 

5.70 

6.45

6.80

June.

6.90 

6.80 

6.20 

5.35 

5.20

5.55

6.78

6.45 

6.70 

6.62

July.

4.95 

4.95 

4.92 

4.90 

4.90

4.88

4.80

4.72 

4.95 

5.15

5.30

Aug.

5.20 

4.90 

4.75 

4.58 

4.50

4.85

5.00

5.00 

5.10 

5.05

4.92

Sept.

4.60 

4.60 

4.70 

4.70 

4.75

5.30

5.90

6.00 

5.90 

5.90

Oct.

4.60 

4.68 

4.85 

5.00 

5.05

5.00

4.98

4.90

4.85 

4 80

4.80

Nov.

5.38 

5.18 

5.10 

5.10 

5.10

5.05

"ji.'so'

Dec.

6.70

7.20

7 00

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from Jan. 1 to Apr. 18 and from Nov. 26 to 

Dec. 31. Gage heights during these periods were probably to water surface. There is no record regarding 

log driving. Relation of gage height to discharge was probably not materially affected by logs during 

the year. . ,

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, Maine,

for 1911.

Day.

1.. ..................................

4...... ........................... ...

5....................................

6....................................

7....................................

8....................................

9....................................

10....................................

11....................................

12....................................

13....................................

14....................................

15....................................

16....................................

17....................................

18....................................

19....................................

20....................................

21....................................

22....................................

23....................................

24....................................

25....................................

26....................................

27....................................

28....................................

29....................................

30....................................

31....................................

Apr.

4,800

4,190

3,410

2,960

2,540

2,310

3,050

3,930

4 4on

5,770

7,000

7,810

May.

8,480

9,250

9,550

7,930

5,440

3,510

2,790

2,790

3,230

2,960

2 ?nn

2,760

2,960

2,960

2,820

2,480

2,310

2,450

2,360

2,200

2,120

3,800

4,490

3,140

1,520

1,380

1,250

i 9Jyi

1,250

2,360

2,960

June.

2,120

1,660

1,320

1,450

2,700

3,230

3,050

1,840

694

680

680

1,880

2,540

1,320

1,130

1,130

2,450

3,470

3,420

3,180

3,140

2,960

1,960

875

750

1,080

2,930

2,360

2,790

2,650

July.

2,480

2,450

2,360

2,150

1,960

1,880

1,690

1,520

1,350

1,190

1 '920 040

830

790

736

680

632

620

620

" 572

590

590

572

560

560

<UQ

465

590

715

830

Aug.

790

750

668

608

560

560

549

532

505

495

210

210

210

198

430

495

382

505

1,230

750

560

480

396

360

532

620

620

680

650

572

Sept.

549

516

620

620

572

590

338

715

549

465

455

405

455

415

516.

560

560

505

415

405

405

405

455

480

830

1,520

1,660

1,520

1,520

Oct.

1,520

1,380

1,250

1,250

1,110

920

790

680

480

^IRQ

360

360

360

360

360

338

324

351

396

405

445

532

650

620

608

560

532

505

505

Nov.

465

405

405

382

360

360

516

668

750

7CA

7Qft

1,000

1,280

1,590

1,630

1,520

1,230

1,110

l'o20

902

736

680

680

680

650

600

Ken

1,380

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a discharge rating curve fairly well defined between 400 and 

10,000 second-feet. Discharge Nov. 27,28, and 30 estimated.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 53

Monthly discharge of East Branch ofPenobscot River at Grindstone, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area,« 1,100 square miles.]

Month.

April................................:...

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

7,810 

9,550 

3,470 

2,480 

1,230 

1,660 

1,520 

1,630

Minimum.

1,250 

680 

465 

198 

338 

324 

360

Mean.

450 

350 

500 

2,850 

3,470 

2,050 

1,060 

527 

649 

651 

832 

1,230

1,220

Per 

square 

mile.

0.409 

.318 

1 .455 

2.59 

3.15 

1.86 

.964 

.479 

.590 

.592 

.756 

1.12

1.11

Run-off 

(depth in 

incjies on 

drainage 

area).

0.47 

.33 

.52 

2.89 

3.63 

2.08 

1.11 

.55 

.66 

.68 

.84 

1.29

15.05

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

D.

«Includes Chamberlain Lake drainage area of 270 square miles.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 to Apr. 18 and Nov. 27-28 and Nov. 30 to Dec. 31 estimated by means of 

climatologic records, comparison of the discharge at other stations in northern Maine, and consideration of 

the observer's notes regarding ice.

Mean discharge Apr. 1 to 18 estimated 1,840 second-feet.

MATTAWAMKEAG RIVER AT MATTAWAMKEAG, MAINE.

Location. At Maine Central Railroad bridge at the village of Mattawamkeag, half a 

mile above the mouth of the river.

Records available. August 26, 1902, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 1,500 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain; datum unchanged.

Channel. Permanent; broken by two bridge piers.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge, which is slightly oblique to the 

current; low-water measurements made by wading at a point about 1 mile above 

the station.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Artificial control. Dams are maintained at the outlets of several of the large lakes 

and ponds, but the stored water is used only for log driving.

Accuracy. Relation between gage height and discharge is at times affected by backwater from log jams that form during short periods in the log-driving season, and, 

during the winter months, by ice. A very good open-channel discharge rating 

curve has been developed.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water Storage 

Commission.

The following discharge measurement was made by F. E.-Pressey: 

October 3, 1911: Gage height, 4.48 feet; discharge, 1,170 second-feet.
54 . SUBFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamkeag, Maine, for 1911.

JW..T. Mincher, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...........!...

3...............

4...............

5...............

6... ..........

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11........... ..

12........... ..

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18. ..............

19.............;.

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31..... .........

Jan.

5.8

5.8

5.3

5.4

Feb.

5.5

5.6

5.3

fL A

Mar.

5.5

5.7

5 Q

6.0

Apr.

7.0

7.8

7.7

7.7

7.85

8.3

8.6

8.7

8.9,

9.15

8.9

8.8

8.7

8.5

8.4

8.25

8.1

8.3

8.85

9.05

May.

9.25

9.55

9.35

9.15

8.7

8.35

8.15

7.7

7.3

6.65

6.65

6.5

6.4

6.4

6.1

6.0

5.9

5.65

5.5.

5.6

5.6

5.5

55

5.S

5.5

5.4

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.1

i a

June.

5.0

5.25

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.5

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.5

5.5

5.75

5.9

5.95

5.7

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.0

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.5

4.3

4.2

4.2

4.3

4.2

July.

4.1

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.1

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.1

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.3

3.3

Aug.

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.0

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.45

3.75

4.2

3.95

4.1

4.1

4.2

4.2

4. ^

Sept.

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.25

4.2

4.1

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.9

4.0

4.0

4.1

4.1

4.1

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.1

4.1

4.1

4.2

4.2

4.45

4.75

4.75

4.75

Oct.

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.25

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.05

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.8

3.9

3.9

4.15

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.6

4.5

4.6

4.45

4.2

Nov.

4.15

4.1

4.05

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.25

4.45

4.5

4.5

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.85

5.25

5.4

5.4

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.0

4. Q

4.8

4.9

5.1

5.4

5.75

6.05

Dec.

6.2

6.3

6.4

6.5

6.4

6.15

5.9

5.«

5.6

6.6

5.5

5.4

5.75

6.2

7.05

7.2

7.05

6.75

6.5

6.4

6.4

6.55

6.7

6.96

7.45

7.7

7.6

7.35

7.2

7.1

7.0

NOTE. The relation of gage height to discharge was affected by ice from Jan. 1 to Apr. 12. Probably 

not affected by backwater from ice during December. Gage heights to water surface.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamkeag, Maine^for 1911.

Day.

2...........................

3...........................

4........... ..............

5...........................

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9...........................

10.......... ................

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17........... ..............

18................. ........

19...........................

20...........................

Apr.

6,580

6,580

. 6,920

7,990

8,730

8,980

9,490

10,100

May.

10,400

11,200

10,700

10,100

8,980

8,110

7,630

6,580

5,700

4,780

4,380

4,090

3,900

3 onn

3,340

3,160

2,980

2,580

2,360

2.500

June.

1,690

2,020

1,950

2,080

2,220

2,360

2,360

2,220

2,220

2,220

2,960

2,360

2,740

9 QSft

3,070

2,660

2,220

2,080

1 QVt

1.820

July.

736

590

525

470

470

470

470

420

375

375

334

295

295

258

205

258

223

190

190

223

Aug.

295

334

375

375

334

334

295

258

258

258

286

295

258

223

190

223

223

223 <?>u.

498

Sept.

906

906

906

862

818

736

660

590

590

590

660

660

736

736

736

818

736

736

660

660

Oct.

1,440

1,320

1,210

1,100

1,000

1,000

Qflft

906

862

818

818

736

698

660

660

590

525

525

470

525

Nov.

736

698

660

660

660

660

862

1,050

1,100

1,MO

1,100

1,210

1,320

1,200

2,020

2,220

2,220

2,080

2.080

Dec.

3,520

3,710

3,900

4,090

3,900

3,430

2

QQA

2,820

2,500

2

CAA

S ^lfifi

2,220

2,740

3,520

5,180

4,580

4,090

3.900
KTOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 55

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mattawamkeag River at Mattawambeag, Maine, for

1911 Continued.

Day.

21...........................

22...........................

28...........................

24...........................

25...........................

26...........................

27............................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Apr.

9,490

9,230

8,980

8,480

8,230

7,870

7,510

7,990

9,360

9,880

May.

2,500

2,360

2,360

2,360

2,360

2,230

2,080

2,080

1,950

1,820

1,560

June.

1,690

1,560

1,440

1,320

1,100

Qflft

818

818

906

818

July.

223

1258

223

190

190

223 9tai

258

258

295

295

Aug.

818

770

741

702

664

625

736

736

818

818

QOfi

Sept.

660

736

m

736

818

818

1,050

1,380

1,380

1,380

Oct.

690

590

777

1,000

1,100

1,210

1,210

1,100

1,210

1,050

818

Nov.

1,960

1,820

1,090

1,560

1,440

1 RRft

1,820

2,220

2,740

3,250

Dec.

3,900

4,180

4,480

4,980

6,030

6,580

6,360

5,810

5,490

5,280

5,080

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve.

Monthly discharge of Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamkeag, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,500 square miles.]

Month.

February ...............................

April...................................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

»

10,100

11,200 

3,070 

736 

906 

1,380 

1,440 

3,250 

6,580

11,200

Minimum.

i,560 

818 

190 

190 

590 

470 

660 

2,220

190

Mean.

1,100 

800 

1,200 

6,530 

4,550 

1,900 

327 

458 

813 

885 

1,490 

4,220

2,030

Per 

square 

mite.

0.733 

.533

.800 

4.35 

3.03 

1.27 

.218 

.305 

.542 

.590 

.993 

2.81

1.35

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.85 

.56 

.92 

4.85 

3.49 

1.42 

.25 

.35 

.60 

.68 

1.11 

3.24

18.32

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

D.

C. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 to Apr. 12 estimated by means of climatologic records and discharge from adjacent drainages. Mean discharge Apr. 1 to 12, estimated, 3,620 second-feet.

PISCATAQUIS RIVER NEAR FOXCROFT, MAINE.

Location. At Low's highway bridge about halfway between Guilford and Foxcroft, three-fourths mi]e above the mouth of Black Stream and 3 miles below Mill 

Stream.

Records available. August 17, 1902, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of the Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 286 square miles.

Gage. Staff, attached to left abutment of bridge; datum unchanged.

Channel. Permanent; banks high and overflowed only during extreme floods.

Discharge measurements. At medium and high stages made from the bridge; 

at low stages made by wading either above or below the bridge, where the bed 

is of fine gravel but the velocity greater than at the bridge.

Winter flow. Affected by ice during some years.

Artificial control. The stream is used to develop power at several manufacturing 

plants above the station.
56 SUBFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Accuracy. The relation between gage height and discharge at low stages is considerably affected by the irregular use of the water at the mills; during some winters it is also affected by ice; little if any affected by backwater from log jams, 

as little log driving is now done on the river. A very good rating curve has 

been developed for medium stages, but the curve for high and low stages is not 

yet accurately defined.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water Storage Commission.

The following discharge measurement was made by F. E. Pressey: 

August 3, 1911: Gage height, 2.67 feet; discharge, 275 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, Maine, for 1911. 

[A. F. D. Harlow, observer.]

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

2.4

2.2

2.5

2.75

2.75

2.85

3.1

3.25

3.25

3.2

3.15

2.75

2.75

2 OS

2 0

2.95

2.85

2.75

2.8

^ n

2.95

2.8

2.75

2.75

3.05

3.05

3.25

3.15

2.8

3.0

2.85

Feb.

3.25

3.25

3.35

3.3

3.0

3.1

3.05

3.35

3.1

3.1

3.1

^ n

3.1

3 1

3.25

3.25

3.25

3.25

2.65

2

0

2.8

2.85

2

QK

2.95

2.95

1.95

2.95

2.75

-------

Mar.

2.75

2

*TC

2.75

2.75

2

*7C

2.75

2 OK

2.85

2.95

2 71

2

*TC

2 fie

2

fiC

2

*7R

2.75

2.75

2.75

2

7R

2.0

2 ft

2.6

2 ft

2 ft

2.6

2.6

2.5

3

1

3.55

4

qe

4 7

5.25

Apr.

5.25

5

0

5.0

4.95

4.65

4.5

4.3

5.55

5.4

5.05

5.1

5.15

5.15

5.75

7.25

7.6

6.7

6.7

5.65

5.5

5.0

4.3

4 05

4 OK

4.35

4 35

6.0

6.2

6 45

6 45

-------

May.

6.2

6.05

5.65

5.1

4 6

4 4

4 4

4.35

4 05

3 Q

3 Q

3.85

0 C

0 A

O QR

2 OK

2.8

O Q

2.75

2 ftp;

2.6

2.6

2.5

O OPT

2.35

9 1

2

0

1 Q

1 9

1 9

1.9

June.

2.3

3.05

2 QK

2.75

2.55

2.45

2.0

2.0

1.95

1.85

1.85

. 1 OK

2

9*.

2.4

3.05

2.8

2.65

9 ftfi

2.55

2

0

2.3

2 OR

2 OR

2 OR

'2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2

fiC

2 fiK.

July.

2.3

1.5

1.5

1.5

1 65

1.75

I

fjK

1 7P1

1.75

1.75

1.75

1.65

1.65

I

KK

1.65

1.65

1.5 , 1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

2

n

1.9

1.75

1 a

2.15

2 OK

2.45

2.8

Aug.

2.55

2

0

2.2

2.05

1.95

1.9

1.85

1.85

1.85

1 O

1 O

1 9

1.85

1

0K

1 9

1 Q

1.75

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.8

1 S.

1.95

1.95

1.95

1.75

1.5

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.15

Sept.

1.95

2

n

2.0

1.95

1.95

1.95

1.95

1.95

1.95

1.8

1.9

1 Q

1 Q

1 9

1 9

1.9

2.0

2.05

2.05

2.1

2.1

2.0

1 O

1.8

1.75

1.75

2.0

2.1

1.95

1.95

Oct.

1.9

1.95

1.95

2.25

2 O

2.2

2.15

1.95

1.95

1.95

1.95

1 Q>»

2.05

2 AC

1 Q

1.95

1.95

1.95

2.0*

2.35

2.7

2 7

2.95

2.8

2.2

2

0

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.25

Nov.

2.6

2.45

2.45

2.35

1.95

' 2.35

3.1

3.6

3.4

3.25

3.25

2.7

3.6

3 7

3.25

3.25

3.6

3.2

3.1

3.15

3.2

3.1

3.05

3.05

3.05

3.05

3.05

3.05

3.85

4.0

Dec.'

3.3

3.2

3.15

3.25

3.45

3.35

3.1

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.95

4.45

4.8

5V45

5.1

4.45

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.55

3.45

3.6

4.25

4.85

4.55

4.15

3.8

3.85

5.45

6.05

5.85

NOTE. The relation of gage height to discharge was probably affected by ice from about Jan. 1 to Apr. 

14 and from about Dec. 28 to 31. Gage readings are assumed to have been taken to water surface.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1 «-»

2...........................

3. .......\.. ................

4...........................

5...........................

6. ..........................

7...........................

8...........................

9...........................

10...........................

Apr. May.

4 340

4^060

3,350

2,490

1,840

1,620

1,620

1,560

1,260

1.110

June.

123

470

405

292

199

163

64

64

58

46

July.

123

10

19

in

28

36

36

36

36

36

Aug.

199

100

100

72 '58

51

46

46

46

51

Sept.

58

64

64

58

58

>»R

58

58

58

40

Oct.

51

58

58

- Ill

100

100

90

58

58

58

Nov.

220

163

163

135

58

135

502

858

709

604

Dec.

638

569

536

604

746

674

502

437

374

374
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST* . 57 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofPiscataquis River near Foxcroft, Maine, for 1911 Con.

Day.

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

19...........................

20...........................

21...........................

22...........................

23...........................

24...........................

25...........................

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Apr.

6,330

7,010

5,270

5,270

3,350

3,100

2,350

1,510

1,260

1,460

1,560

1,560

3,970

A. <MA

4.800

4,800

May.

1,110

1,070

782

709

405

JAC

318

318

292

243

220

220

180

135

135

123

123

51

51

51

51

June.

46

46

111

148

470

Q1Q

243

243

199

123

123

111

111

111

243

243

243

243

243

243

July.

36

28

28

28

28

28

1Q

19

19

19

19

19

19

64

51

36

40

90

111

163

318

Aug.

51

51

46

46

11

51

36

31

31

31

 40

40

58

58

58

36

19

90

90

90

90

Sept.

51

11

51

51

 a

51

64

72

72

81

81

64

- 51

40

36

36

' 64

81

58

58

Oct.

58

58

72

72

M

58

5858*

64

135

267

267

536

405

318

100

100

111

111

111

111

Nov.

604

267

858

938

604

604

858

569

502

536

569

502

470

470

470

470

470

470

1,070

1,210

Dec.

405

1,670

2,080

3,020

2 490

1,670

938

938

938

820

746

858

1,460

2,150

1,780

1,350

1,020

800

600

500

500

NOTE. The daily discharge is determined from a rating curve well denned between about 20 and 4,000 

second-feet. Discharge Dec. 28 to 31 estimated.

Monthly discharge ofPiscataquis River near Foxcroft, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 286 square miles.]

Month.

May.....................................

July.....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

7,010 

4,340 

470 

318 

199 

81 

536 

1,210 

3,020

7,010

Minimum.

si

46 

19 

19 

36 

51 

58 

374

19

Mean.

150 

120 

250 

2,300 

976 

192 

50.6 

60.1 

57.9 

125 535 ' 

1,040

488

Per

square 

mile.

0.524 

.420

.874 

8.04 

3.41 

.671 

.177 

.210 

.202- 

.437 

1.87 

3.64

1.71

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.60 

.44 

1.01 

8.97 

3.93 

.75 

.20 

.24 

.23 

.50 

2.09 

4.20

23.16

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 to Apr. 14 and Dec. 28 to 31 estimated by means of climatologic records and 

the discharge from adjacent drainage basins. Mean discharge Apr. 1 to 14 estimated 800 second-feet.

KENDUSKEAG STREAM NEAR BANGOB, MAINE.

Location. At highway bridge at Sixmile Falls, about 6 miles northwest of Bangor. 

Records available. September 15,1908, to December 31,1911. Data also in annual

reports of Maine State Water Storage Commission. 

Drainage area. 191 square miles. 

Gage. Standard chain; datum unchanged.

Channel.- Permanent; broken by one pier; banks high and not subject to overflow. 

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge. 

Winter now. Affected by ice.
58 STJEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1&U,-PABT I.

Artificial control. A number of years ago an artificial cut was made for log driving 

through a low divide between' Souadabscook Stream and Black Stream, the latter a tributary to the Kenduskeag, entering about 7 miles above the gaging station. During high stages of the Souadabscook a portion of its waters finds its 

way through the artificial cut into Kenduskeag; at low stages of the Souadabscook all the flow continues down its own channel. Black Stream probably 

sends its water only to the Kendusfceag. .

Accuracy. A good discharge rating curve has been developed, although more 

measurements are needed at high stages.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation witli Mr. Fred Cort, of Bangor, 

Maine.

Discharge measurements of Kenduskeag Stream near Bangor, Maine, in 1911.

Date.

1911. 

July 21

Oct. 7

Nov. 6

6

Hydrographer.

IT. E. Pressey.. ...........................................................

.....do....................................................................

..do

*

Feet. 

1.52

2 11

1.88

1.88

Dlsi 

charge.

8fc.-fi. 

18

87

60

62

Daily gage Tieight, in feet, of Kenduskeag Stream near Bangor, Maine, for 1911.

[Fred Cort, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2......:........

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13............... 

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

3.35

3.75

3.96

4.15

4.25

4.25

4.86

4.16

4.05

4.05

4.0

3.95

3.96

3.S6

Feb.

3.25

'

3.65

2.95

2.85

Mar.

3.25.

4.05

4.6

4.75

6.0

5.05

4.95

5.0

Apr.

5.1

5.25

5.45

5.55

5.45

5.65

5.65

6.45

7.25

7.5

7.4

7.5

7.05 

6.15

6.95

7.3

6.95

6.55

5.95

5.55

5.5

5.4

5.3

5.15

4.8

4.65

4.5

4.25

4.3

4.35

May.

4.3

4.2

4.05

3.9

3.85

3.85

3.95

3.85

3.75

3.75

3.6

3.4 

3.2

3.0

2.8

2.4

2.2 '

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.25

2.1

2.05

1.95

1.85

1.86

1.95

1.95

1.95

June.

1.95

1.85

1.85

1.S6

1.95

2.0

2.15

2.05

2.05

2.05

2.05

2.15

2.25 

2.55

2.75

3.1

3.25

3.1

2.7

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.1

1.9

1.0

1.95

2.66

July.

2.05

2.0

1.9

1.85

1.85

1.75

1.75

1.9

1.95

2.05

2.05

2.05

2.0 

1.9

1.85

1.85

1.75

1.75

1.65

1.55

1.5

1.6

1.85

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.25

2.3

2.35

Aug.

2.45

2.5

2.35

2.2

2.15

' 2.0

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.2

2.1 

2.05

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.9

2.05

2.2

2.2

2.15

2.0

2.0

2.05

2.1

2.1

2.1

Sept.

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.1

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.9

1.9 

1.8

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.85

1.9

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.4

1.9$

2.1

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

Oct.

2.2

2.15

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.2

 2.2

2.2

2.15 

2.1

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.45

2.55

2.85

2.85

2.7

2.45

2.25

2.16

2.2

Nov.

2.2

2.1

2.0

1.95

1.9

1.9

2.0

2.1

2.25

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.45 

2.55

2.85

3.05

3.15

3.2

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.0

3.15

3.3

3.3

3.25

3.4

3.65

3.7

3.8

Dec.

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.65

3.55

3.5

3.6

3.45

3.25

3.0

3.3

3.55

3.8 

3.75

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.75

4.05

4.4

4.75

4.7

5.6

6.25

6.0

5.9

5.66

5.5

5.25

5.2

5.15

NOSE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from about Jan. 16 to about Mar. 25. Probably not affected by backwater from ice at any other time during tbe year. Tike gage readings 

taken to the water surface.
NOBTH ATLANTIC OOAST. 

Daily discharge, in second-foe^ of l&endusheag Stream near Bttngor, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1........ .......

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

382

465

520

596

678

722

722

770

678

635

635

615

596

596

557

Feb. Mar.

Qflft

985

1,140

1,170

1,110

1 

' 140

Apr.

1,200

1,300

1 440

1,520

1 440

1,590

1,590

2,210

2,900

3,120

3,030

3,120

2,720

1,970

2,630

2,940

2,630

2,290

1-,810

1,520

1,480

1,410

1,340

1,240

1,020

928

845

722

745

770

May.

745

700

635

576

557

557

596

557

520

520

520

465

398

335

276

223

137

102

94

94

94

94

110

86

78

64

51

51

64

64

64

June.

64

51

51

51

71

94

78

78

78

78

94

110

166

211

305

350

306

199

137

137

119

110

110

110

86

57

57

64

78

July.

78

71

57

51

51

40

40

57

64

76

78

78

71

57

51

51

40

40

30

22

18

' 25

51

71

71

71

86

102

110

119

128

Aug.

146

156

128

102

94

71

86

86

102

102

119

102

86

71

57

45

34

34

45

57

78

102

102

94

71

71

78-

86

86

86

Sept.

102

102

119

119

137

119

102

86

71

71

57

57

57

45

57

45

45

51

57

71

71

71

71

71

64

86

102

102

102

102

Oct.

102

94

102

102

102

86

86

86

102

102

102

103

94

86

102

102

102

102

102

102

102

102

146

1«6

236

236

199

146

110

94

102

Nov.

102

86

71

64

57

57

71

86

110

119

119

119

146

166

236

290

320

335

305

335

305

276

320

366

366

350

398

483

501

538

Dec.

538

538

501

483

448

431

465

414

350

276

366

448

538

520

465

431

398

520

635

795

985

955

1,550

2,050

1,850

1,775

1,590

1,480

1,300

1,270

1,240

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a discharge rating curve well defined below 1,800 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of Kenduskeag Stream near Bangor, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 191 square miles.]

Month.

April...................................

May. ...................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,170 

3,120 

745 

350 

128 

156 

137 

236 

-538 

2,050

3,120

Minimum.

722 

51 

51 

18 

34 

45 

86 

57 

276

IS

Mean.

457 

173 

485 

1,780 

304 

119 

63.1 

85.6, 

80.4 

116 

237 

826

394

Per 

square 

mile.

2.39 

.906 

2.54 

9.32 

1.59 

.623 

.330 

.448 

.421 

.607 

1.24 

4.32

2.06

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.76 

.94 

2.93 

10.40 

1.83 

.70 

.38 

.52 

.47 

.70 

1.38 

4.98

27.99

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

D. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge tor Jan. 16 to Mar. 25 estimated from climatologlc records.

Mean discharge Jan. 16 to 31 estimated 313 second-feet, ranging from about 500 second-feet to about 150 

second-feet.

Mean discharge Mar, 1 to 25 estimated 844 second-feet, ranging from about 150 to 800 second-feet. 

The discharge daring February ranged from about 400 second-feat to about 100 second-feet.
60 SUEPACE WATEE SUPPLY, 19U, PAET I.

KENNEBEC RIVER BASIN.

MOOSE RIVER NEAR ROCKWOOD, MAINE.

Location. At a deserted cabin one-fourth mile above the house of Edilbert Arsenault, 2 miles above the mouth of the river; reached by steamer or rowboat

from Kineo. 

Records available. September 7, 1902, to December 31, 1908, and May 16, 1910,

to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual reports of Maine State Water Storage

Commission.

Drainage area. 680 square miles. 

Gage. Standard chain; datum unchanged. 

Channel. Permanent. 

Discharge measurements. Made from a car suspended from a steel cable or, at

low stages, by wading a short distance down stream. 

Winter flow. Affected by ice. 

Artificial control. Dams are maintained at the outlets of several of the lakes

above the station, but all such stored water is used for log driving and the effect

upon the regimen of flow is but temporary. 

Accuracy. The relation between gage height and discharge is at times affected

by backwater from log jams, and during the winter by ice; otherwise conditions

favor accurate determination of discharge and a good discharge rating curve

has been developed except for extremely low stages. 

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water

Storage Commission.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Moose River near Rockwood, Maine, for 1911. 

[Edilbert Arsenault, observer.]

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9. ..............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27. ..............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

Feb.

2.8

3.0

3.3

3.0

2

0

2

0

2.8

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.4

2

0

2.3

2.2

2.2

2 9

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

.......

Mar.

2.0

2.0

1.9

1 Q

i.8

1 a

i a

1.9

1 9

1 Q

1 Q

2.0

2 9

2.2

2.0

2.0

i a

1 9

1 Q

1 Q

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.8

1 ft

1 R

1.8

Apr.

1.8

1

0

1 ft

1 ft

I

n

2.0

2.0

1.9

1 Q

1 Q

2 A

2.1

2.2

2 9

2.4

2.5

2 7

2.7

2 Q

3.2

3.5

3.5

3.85

4.05

4.25

4.55

5.35

6.0

6.6

May.

7.05

7 QK

ft 1

8.15

ft fl^

7.85

7.7

7.9

8.05

7.85

7.65

7.15

6.8

6.55

6.2

5.6

5.25

4.95

4.65

4.5

4.35

4.1

4.0

3.9

3.9

4.0

4 05

4.15

4.05

June.

3.95

3 Q

3.8

3.75

3.6

3.6

3.7

3.5

3.45

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.35 3.4

3.45

3.3

3 A

3.45

3.5

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.25

3.15

3.2

3.25

3.35

July.

3.25

3.3

3.3

3.4

3 A

3.35

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.25

3.2

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.45

3.35

3.1

3.05

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.1

2.45

2.45

2.35

Aug.

' 2.35

2.4

2.35

2.3

2 OK

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.25

2.45

2.6

2.7

2.75

2.75

2

OC

2.9

3.0

3.0

2.95

2.85

2.8

2.75

2.7

2.7

2.65

2.6

2.55

2.5

2.7

Sept.

2.65

2.55

2.55

2.55

2.65

2.8

2.8

2.95

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3 A

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.85

2.8

2.8

2

0

2.8

2.85

2.9

3.0

3.0

3.05

3.1

Oct.

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.45

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.25

3.2

3 11

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

 3.05

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.3

3.3

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.2

Nov.

3.1

3.1

3.2

3.2

3 9

3.1

3.05

3.0

3.0

3.05

3.1

3.1

3 A

3.0

3.15

3.3

3.35

3.4

3.3

3.25

3.2

3.1

3.1 '

3.1

3.0

2.9

i 2.9

2.9

2.9

3.0

Dec.

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.1

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.3

4.0

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.J

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.2

4.1

4.05

4.0

3.9

NOTE. 

Mar. 31. 

gagen

The relation of gage height to discharge was probably affected by ice from about Jan. 1 to about 

Probably not affected by backwater from ice during December. It is not known whether the 

during the first three months were taken to water surface or to the top of the ice.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 61 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Moose River near Rockwood, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1...........................

2...........................

3...........................

5...........................

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9... .......-...........-.---

-*). ...........^... ...........

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

10

20...........................

21...........................

23...........................

24...........................

25...........................

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Apr.

177

177

177

177

207

238

238

207

207

207

238

270

303

303

375

414

496

496

584

733

906

906

1,000

1,130

1,270

1,420

1,660

2,380

3,«40

3,670

May.

4,170

5,220

5,400

5,460

5,340

5,100

4,920

5,160

5,340

5,100

4,860

.4,280

3,890

3,620

3,510

3,240

2,630

2,290

2,010

1,920

1,750

1,620

1,500

1,310

1,240

1,170

1,170

1,240

1,270

1,340

1,270

June.

1,200

1,170

1,100

1,060

968

968

1,030

906

876

846

846

788

817

846

876

788

846

876

906

968

968

968

846

788

788

760

707

733

760

817

July.

760

788

788

846

846

817

788

788

788

760

733

733

788

846

876

817

681

656

631

584

584

539

496

454

414

375

338

270

394

394

356

Aug.

356

375

356

338

320

303

303

303

303

303

320

394

454

496

518

518

562

584

631

631

608

562

539

518

496

496

475

454

434

414

496

Sept.

475

434

434

434

475

539

539

608

631

631

631

631

631

631

631

631

584

584

584

562

539

539

539

539

562

584

631

631

656

681

Oct.

846

846

846

876

906

906

906

906

846

788

760

733

707

681

631

631

631

631

631

656

681

681

681

788

788

846

846

788

788

733

733

Nov.

681

681

733

733

733

681

656

631

631

656

681

,681

631

631

707

788

817

846

788

760

733

681

681

681

631

584

584

584

631

Dec.

631

631

631

631

681

733

733

733-

733

681

681

681

681

788

1,240

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,460

1,540

1,460

1,460

1,460

1,460

1,460

1,460

1,380

1,310

1,270-

1,240

1,170

NOTE. Dally discharge determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve. Discharge during the 

first part of April may have been slightly affected by ice.

Monthly discharge of Moose River near Rockwood, Maine, for 1911, 

[Drainage area, 680 square miles.]

Month.

January... . .

February. ..............................

March........... ............... .......

May....................................

July....................................

October. ................................

The year ..........................

Discharge in second-feet.

HTfMnrniitn,

3,670 

5,460 

1,200 

876 

631 

681 

906 

846 

1,540

5,460

Minimum.

177 

1,170 

707 

270 

303 

434 

631 

584 

631

Mean.

180 

130 

140 

787 

3,170 

894 

643 

447 

573 

765 

684 

1,070

796

Per 

square 

mile.

0.265 

.191 

m .206 

1.16 

4.66 

1.31 

.946 

.657 

.843 

1.12 

1.01 

1.57

1.17

Kun-ofl 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.31 

.20 

.24 

1..29 

ff:37 

1.46 

1.09 

.76 

.94 

1.29 

1.13 

1.81

15.89

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

D. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B.

NOTE. Discharge for Jan. 1 to Mar. 31 estimated from climatologie records.
62 SUEFACE WATBB SUPPLY, 19-11, PAET I.

MOOSEHEAD LAKE AT EAST OUTLET, MAINS.

Location. At the wharf at the east outlet of the lake, about 8 miles from Kineo.

Records available. April 1,1895, to December 31,1911.

Drainage area. 1,240 square miles.

Gage. Staff, at end of boat landing; two datum* have been used at the east outlet; 

the original datum is at elevation 1,011.30 feet above mean sea level and approximately 10 feet below the sills of the outlet gates; the second, to which all gage 

readings have been referred, is 10 feet higher; that is, the zero is at the sill of

Artificial control. The lake is regulated to a capacity of 23,735,000,000 cubic feet. 

The dam at the east outlet is controlled by 35 gates; 15 old gates are at gage height, 

10 feet (original datum), and 20 gates at sill-gate height, 8 feet (original datum). 

At extreme low stages the flow from the lake is controlled not by the gates but by a 

bar above the dam at an approximate gage height of 9 feet (original datum). The 

records show only fluctuations in the level of the lake, and are used in the studies 

of regulation of the lake and in computing the natural flow of the Kennebec at 

The Forks station.

Cooperation. Record kept and furnished for publication by the Hollingsworth & 

Whitney Co.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Moosehead Lake at east outlet, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8. .............. 

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17............... 

18...............

19...............

20............... 

21...............

22...............

23............... 

24.......,;...... 

25. ..............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

1.15

1.05

1.0

9

"

g

.8

"".'75'

.75

.75 

......

.7

.6

Feb.

0.65

.6

.6

.55

.5

.45

.45

.4

.4

.35

.......

.3

.3

Mar.

0.2

.15

.15

.1

.1

.05

.05

.05

.0

.0

......

.0

.0

.i

Apr.

0.1

.1

.2

.2

.25

.3

.3

.35

.4

.......

.8

1.1

May.

1.8

2.5

3.0

3.7

4.1

4.8

a o

5.0

5.1

5.1 "5."is"

5.2

5.2

June.

5.25

5.3

5.25

"5."i"

5.1

4.9

4.85

4.9

4.85

4.85

4.7

4.65

4.6

July.

4.5

4.5

4.4 ""

4.2

4.1

4.2

4.1

4.0

3.95

3.8

3.7

3.55

3.45

3.45

Aug.

3.4

3.25

3.1

"3.6"

2.85

2.75

2.65

"2."6"

2.5

2.5

2 A

2.3

2.3

Sept.

2.25

2.15

2.1

2.1

2.05

2.0

1 OS

1 O

1.8

1.8

"i.'75"

1.7

1.65

Oct.

1.6

1.55

1.5

"i.'e"

1.6

1.55

1.6

"i'.55'

1.6

1.7 "i.'s"

1.8

1.8

Nov.

1.75

1.8

1.8

1.75

1.8

1.8

1 Q

1.9

2.2 

2.2

"iY"

2.2

2,2,

Dec.

2.2

<> i

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.75

2.8

"3.T

3.2

3.3

3,36 

"i'66

5.7

3.8

NOTE. The storage capacity of Moosehead Lake is approximately equal to a discharge of 120 second-feet 

for one month for each tenth foot of depth over the lake surface.

KENNEBEC RIVER AT THE FORKS, MAINE.

Location. At wooden highway bridge across river about 2,000 feet above the mouth

of Dead River.

Records available. September 28,1901, to December 31,1911. Data also in annual 

( reports of Maine State Water Storage Commission.
NOBTH ATLANTIC! COAST*

Drainage are*. 1,570 square miles.

Qages. Standard chain, attached to the bridge, and a staff gage attached to timber 

retaining wail on laft bank 75 feet above the bridge; datum of gages unchanged. 

Automatic gage to be installed.

Channel. -Permanent; unbroken by piers.

Discharge measurements, Made from the bridge.

"Winter ftow. -Affectedly ice.

Artificial control. The flow of the Kennebec above The Forks is controlled through 

Moosehead Lake (q. v.); Indian Pond, about 12 miles above the station, is under 

regulation for log driving from about May 1 to July 31 of each year.

Accuracy. The relation between gage height and discharge is affected by the regulation of the stream for log driving and for the extensive water power plants below 

and, during the winter, by ice. The operation of the gates at Indian Pond dam 

(from about May 1 to July 31 of each year) causes fluctuations in daily gage heights 

at The Forks ranging from 2 feet to more than 5 feet. A good rating curve has 

been developed for the station, as the variations in gage heights have been closely 

noted, record being kept of the maximum and minimum heights for each day 

during the log-driving season, the length of time that the driving head continues, 

and the hours at which the gates at Indian Pond are opened and closed each day.

Cooperation. Station maintained ia cooperation with the Maine State Water Storage 

Commission.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Kennebec River at The Forks, Maine, for 1911. 

[W. S. Yoangj observer.]

Day.

1......... .................... 

2.............................

3.............................

4^

5.............................

6.............................

7.............................

8.............................

9.............................

10.............................

11.............................

12............................. 

13.............................

14.............................

IS.............................

1ft.........:...................

17..............................

18.............................

19.............................

20.............................

21.............................

22.............................

23.............................

24.............................

25.............................

26.............................

27..............................

28.............................

29.............................

30.............................

31.............................

Jao.

.......

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.1

2.1

2.25

2.05

2 AC

2.1 

2.05

2.0

2.0

2.05

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.6

Feb. 

2.5

.......

2.0

Mar.

2.5

2.5

2.4

2

4

2

4

1.5

Apr.

1.0

0.8

.7

.7

.7

.6

.5

.5

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.8

2

0

3.0

3

Q

4.4

May.

4.9 

5.0

4.5

3.6

3.1

2.6

2.2

2.15

2.0

1.95

1 ft

1.65 

1.15

1.2

1.25

1.35

June.

.......

.......

Sept.

.......

x

.......

2.5

2.35

2.2

2.15

2.1

2.0

2.0

2

n

2.0

2.0

2.2

2.15

2.05

2.0

2

n

Oct.

2.0 

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.2

1 9

1.25 

1.4

1.55

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.66

1.9

1 St

1.65

1.65

1.15

1.4

.5

.4

.35

1.45

1.85

1.7

Nov.

1.65 

1.45

1.0

.35

.6

.5

.55

.6

.65

.7

.8

.8 

.8.7'

.7

.7

.7

.8

.8

.8

.8

.9

.9

.9

.9

.»

1.0

1.2

Dec.

1.2 

1.3

1.4

L5

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3 

1.3

1.6

1.9

1.7

1.6

1,5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

I.ft

1.6

Lft

1.6

1.&

1.6

1.6

1.6

NoTK.-~Kelation of gage begirt to discharge affected by ice from about Jan. 1 to about Apr. 8. Tt»ice 

probably went out about Apr. 15. There was probably no material effect from ice during December. The 

obeervsr states that there was ice clear a«fese on Dae. 4, wd that th»ice west out Dec. ft. Thttfagft readings for Jan. 21 to Apr. 8, and Dec. 4 are probably all to-ths top of ths icfe Gags h*igh*s Jau. £ to 2ft a» 

pjtfbfcbiytewaiiw surface. Gmge heights ftem May 17 to Sept. 14 are not tree indtees of ttadfagUKge, owing 

to th« effect of regulation, far ths purpos* of log driving, aad hence they ore omitted.
64 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kennebec River at The Forks, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1...........................

2...........................

3...........................

4...........................

5.................. -...-.-. -

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9...........................

10...........................

11...........................

12. ..........................

13...........................

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

19...........................

20...........................

21...........................

22...........................

23...........................

24...........................

25. ..........................

26...........................

27. ..........................

28...........................

29...........................

30. ..........................

31...........................

Apr.

990

990

990

1,160

1,630

2,460

3,640

4,690

May.

5,660

5,870

4,880

3,320

2,600

1,960

1,530

1,480

1,330

1,280

1,160

1,030

668

700

735

805

2,100

2,800

2,360

2,240

4,78Q

5,420

3,570

3,140

3,020

2,850

2 cFyi

3 080

1^330

9 Q4.n

June.

6,320

6,680

6,830

3,070

3,000

3,000

2,880

2,940

2,940

2,880

3,000

2,940

2,880

2,940

2,5M)

2,510

2,330

2,370

2,370

2,370

2,430

2,370

2,410

2,370

2,370

2,370

2,370

2,410

2,470

2,500

July.

2,660

2,550

2,660

2,600

2,600

2,600

2,660

2,600

2,600

2,550

735

700

700

940

2,500

2,500

2,500

2,500

2,500

2,500

2,500

2,500

2,500

2,500

2,560

2,560

2,560

2,610

2,610

2,620

2,680

Aug.

2,620

2570

2,620

2,620

2,570

2,570

2,520

2,520

2,470

2,470

2,420

2,420

2,480

2,530

2,530

2,580

2,420

2,320

2,060

2,060

2,110

2,000

2,000

1,950

1,850

1,850

1,830

1,850

2,060

2,060

2,060

Sept.

2,060

2,060

2,060

2,060

2,060

2,060

2,060

2,010

2,100

2,060

2,060

2,010

2,010

2,010

1,850

1,680

1,530

1,480

1,430

1,380

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,530

1,480

1,380

1 330

1^330

Oct.

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,330

700

700

735

840

952

1,070

990

990

1,030

1,240

1,160

1,030

1,030

668

840

300

255

235

510

878

1,200

1,070

Nov.

1,030

878

570

480

345

300

322

345

370

395

450

450

450

395

395

395

395

450

450

450

450

510

510

510

510

510

510

510

wn

700

Dec.

700

770

840

915

952

990

915

840

840

840

770

770

770

990

1,240

1,070

990

915

915

915

915

915

915

990

990

990

990

990

990

990

990

NOTE. Daily discharge"detennined from a well-defined discharge rating curve. The determinations for 

May 17 to Sept. 14 are approximate, however, as a result of possible errors in computed discharge caused 

by; controlled flow for flushing logs down the river and backwater from log jams. The daily discharge for 

this period was computed by applying the rating table to the several gage readings taken during any given 

day. and weighting the values in accordance with the proportional part of the day to which each gage 

height is applicable. No correction was made for possible effect of backwater from ice during December.

Monthly discharge of Kennebec, River at The Forks, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,570 square miles.]

Month.

April.... ...............................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

4,690 

5,870 

6,830 

2,680 

2,620 

2,100 

1,330 

1,030 

1,240

6,830

Minimum.

668 

2,370 

700 

1,830 

1,330 

235 

300 

700

235

Mean.

1,280 

'900 

760 

' 905 

2,600 

3,030 

2,330 

2,290 

1,720

923

1,520

Per 

square 

mile.

0.815 

.573 

.484 

.576 

1.66 

1.93 

1.48 

1.46 

1.09 

.624 

.310 

.588

.968

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.94 

.60 

.56 

.64 

1.91 

2.15 

1.71 

1.68 

1.22 

-.72 

.35 

.68

13.16

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

D. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. The relatively low accuracy for May to September is due to complications caused by controlled ! 

flow and log driving.

The discharge from Jan. 1 to Apr. 22 determined primarily from the discharge at Waterville, taking into 

consideration, however, the effect of storage at Moosehead Lake.

Discharge Apr. 1 to 22, estimated, 482 second-feet, ranging from about 300 second-feet to about 900 secondfeet. The discharge from Jan. 1 to Mar. 31 probably followed a law of gradual decrease with, no rises duo' 

to freshets.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 65

KENNEBEC BIVEB AT WATEBVILLE, MAINE.

Location. At the dam and mill of the Hollingsworth & Whitney Co. at Waterville, 

2 miles above the mouth of Sebasticook River and about 3^ miles above the 

mouth of Messalonskee Stream.

V

Records available. March 22, 1892, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 4,270 square miles.

Gage. Rod gages in the pond above the dam and in the tailrace of the mill.

Determination of discharge. The discharge is computed from the flow over the 

dam, through the logway, and through 18 wheels of the mill. Most of the wheels 

were rated at Holyoke, Mass., under practically the same head as that used at 

Waterville about 23 feet. Methods and diagrams for estimating the flow have 

been developed by the company, and the amount lost by leakage and used for 

washing and various purposes in the mill is estimated. When the flow of the 

river is less than about 3,500 second-feet all the water is used through the wheels.

Winter flow. As a rule, not affected by ice. During most years the winter flow 

passes through the wheels of the mill.

Artificial control. Numerous power plants and storage above the station.

Accuracy. Results are considered fair only, as many wheels are in operation and 

only one reading a day is made for each wheel, but the record is valuable because 

of its length and continuity.

Cooperation. Records are obtained and furnished by the Hollingsworth & Whitney 

Co.; computations are made in the office of the district engineer.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofKennebec River at Waterville, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1...........

2. ..........

3...........

4...........

5...........

6...........

7...........

8. ..........

9...........

10. ..........

11...........

12. ..........

13...........

14...........

15...........

16...........

17...........

18. ..........

19...........

20. ..........

21...........

22.... .......

23...........

24...........

25...........

26...........

27........... 

28........... 

29........... 

30........... 

31...........

Jan.

« 624

2,500

1,620

2 860

3,000

3,000

2,720

ol,500

2,950

2,470

2,120

2,390

2,480

a 369

2,010

2,440

2,450

O Alft

2,190

2,000

0207

2,400

2,380

2,120

1 idn

1,600 

1,280 

0565 

2,230 

2,080

Feb.

906

1,700

1,470

1,430

o995

1,500

1,640

1,740

1,700

1,680

1,660

a 237

1,530

1,700

1,800

1,280

1,370

o206

1,470

1,720

1,440

1 730

i'4im

1,390

o278

1,380 

1,360

Mar.

1,490

1,470

1,080

1,690

« 285

1,330

1,370

1,310

1,380

1,380

1,260

a 363

1,500

623

1,470

1,310

1,430

1,360

a 347

648

1,380

1,410

1,440 i inn

1,430

ol,190

1,410 

2,280 

2,360 

3,190 

3,270

Apr.

4,330

a 4, 020

5,120

3,860

3,790

2,740

3,500

6,300

a 7, 700

7,170

7,550

11,100

11,700

15,000

17,900

027,900

20 500

17^800

16,600

14,100

13,400

12,800

oll,300

5,540

9 2nn

12,100

16,000 

19,700 

25,500 

o27 200

May.

23,700

23,800

24,400

20,200

14,700

9,220

*6,750

5,440

5,670

7,780

4,610

5,880

4,100

« 4, 120

4,680

4 660

6,380

4,900

5,930

a ^l fiflft

4,730

4,770

4,940

4,500

5,370

4,870 

o3,240 

4,820 

3,690 

4,810

June.

3,320

3,740

6,540

o5,620

6,000

5,120

4,570

3,380

3,860

3,790

a 1,910

4,180

4,190

A. ion

5,020

5 son

6 CQft

6,050

4,160

4,330

4,170

3 990

3 79n

a i 3g0

3 QAH

3,280 

3,360 

3,390 

3,260

July.

3,420

o2,770

1,860

1,350

3,980

3,080

3,460

3,220

3,780

3,530

3,180

2,940

1 4on

901

3,220

2,890

3,090

3,170

3,200

3,370

ft QJO

3,410

4,250

3 9jifl

3,580

3,660 

4,360 

«1,890 

5,230

Aug.

4,020

3,620

3,720

3,680

3,480

ol,480

3,330

3,140

3,260

3,530

3,460

3,330

o667

3,450

3,190

3,510

3,410

3,*590

4,180

ol,390

4,050

4,080

3

O«rt

4300

^ 74ft

3 K3fl

ol,400 

3,560 

2,450 

3,390 

3,310

Sept.

3,420

3,190

ol,100

3,640

2,670

3,510

3,410

3,OOQ

3,310

0737

3,390

2,690

2,780

3

AA(\

3,440

3

fkQfk

0890

2,340

2 O4.fi

2 S3ft

2,410

2,490

2

C4A

a 392

2,540

3,520

3,610 

4,290 

3,770 

2,610

Oct. 1

a408

3,710

3,360

2,890

2,880

3,770

3,440

ol,460

2,440

2,980

2,930

2,570

2,250

1,660

0621

1,480

2,130

2,230

2,560

2,960

3,190

ol,570

^ 7^n

3,990

3,810

3,620

2,780 

2,910 

ol,410 

2,800 

2,920

Nov.

3,000

3,040

2,780

2,540

o248

2,780

2,910

2,470

A. idn

3,610

3,060

o635

3,000

3,520

4,230

4,020

3,690

3,040

ol,050

3,400

3

TAA

2,850

2,950

2,460

2,990

01.840

3,140 

2,950 

3,730 

3,640

Dec.

5,150

4,420

o2,770

3,380

2,960

2,960

2,540

2,890

4,310

ol,540

2,910

3,290

3,640

5,280

9,820

7,600

5,540

6,420

5,620

3 sin

3,260

3 nan

a5,950

9,030

7,040

6,390 

5,900 

3,970 

3,670 

o445

48521° WSP 301 12 5

o Sunday.
66 STTEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I.

Monthly discharge of Kennebec River at Waterville, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 4,270 square miles.]

» 

Month.

May...........................................

June. ..........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3,000 

1,810 

3,270 

27,900 

24,400 

6,590 

5,230 

4,360 

4,290 

3,990 

4,540 

9,820

27,900

Minimum.

207 

206 

285 

2,740 

3,240 

1,360 

744 

667 

392 

408 

248 

445

206

Mean.

2,020 

1,380 

1,410 

12,000 

7,790 

4,270 

2,910 

3,260 

2,800 

2,630 

2,930 

4,530

4,000

Per

square 

mile.

a 473 

.323 

.330

2.81 

1.82 

1.00 

.681 

.761 

.656 

.616 

.686 

1.06'

.937

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.55 

.34 

.38 

3.14 

2.10 

1.12 

.79 

.88 

.73 

.71 

.77 

1.22

12.73

DEAD RIVER NEAR THE FORKS, MAINE.

Location. One-eighth mile above farmhouse of Jeremiah Durgin, 1J miles west of 

The Forks.

Records available. September 29, 1901, to August 15, 1907, and from March 16, 

1910, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual reports of Maine State Water 

Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 878 square miles.

Gage. Inclined staff, bolted to large bowlder on the left bank, a short distance from 

observer's house; datum unchanged. ^

Channel. Permanent; banks medium high; overflowed only at' extreme high water.

Discharge measurements. Made from a car suspended from a cable a short distance above the gage.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Artificial control. A number of dams on the lakes above, used solely for log driving.

Accuracy. Relation between gage height and discharge is affected by ice during the 

winter and by the control of the stream for log driving during May and June. 

Special note is made of the length and times of the drive and of the maximum and 

minimum head used.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water 

Storage Commission.

Discharge measurements of Dead River near The Forks, Maine, in 1911.

Date.

17

18

21

Oct. 25

26

Hydrographer.

.....do....................................../.............................

.....do....................................................................

..... do.............................................. ..................... .

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.23

1.19

1.26

1.31

1.53

1.47

Discharge.

Sec. ft. 

653

583

712

748

1,000

981
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. .67

Daily gage height, in feet, of Dead River near The Forks, Maine', for 1911. 

[Jeremiah Durgin, observer.]

Day.

1........ .......

2...............

3...............

4.

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12. ..............

13. ..............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

2,3...............

24. ..............

25...............

26...............

27. ..............

28. ..............

29...............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

1.55

1.4

1.35

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1 1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

0.9

.9

.9

.9

.8

.8

.8

.8

.75

Feb.

0 7

7

7

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

.8

.......

Mar. Apr.

1.8

1.9

1.9

2.0

2.1

2 2

2.2

2.35

2.5

2.85

3.2

3.65

4.1

4.95

May.

5.25

5.4

5.25

4.95

4.7

4.75

3.95

4.4

4

K

3.5

3.25

2.6

2.35

1.85

2.15

2.0

2.1

2.15

1.8

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.65

1.95

1.7

1.7

June.

1.95

1.7

1.9

1.75

1.75

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.7

1.8

1.65

1.55

1.5

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.15

1.3

July.

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

.9

.8

.8

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

1.0

1.1

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

Aug.

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

.9

.85

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.3

1.55

1.25

1.1

1.05

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.05

1.1

Sept.

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.2

Oct.

1.25

1.35

1.45

1.7

1.45

1.4

1.35

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.15

1.2

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.25

1.5

1.55

1.65

1.55

1.5

1.5

1.45

1.4

1.35

1.3

1.25

1.15

Nov.

1.05

1.35

1.25

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.2

1.5

1.45

1.4

1.4

1.35'

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.15

1.2

1.5

Dec.

1.75

1.8

1.65

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.3

2.05

3.05

2.85

2.5

2.35

2.05

1.85

1.65

1.55

1.5

1.6

1.9

2.25

2.05

2.0

1.85

1.65

1.45

1.4

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from Jan. 1 to Apr. 16. Probably little or 

not at all affected by backwater from ice during December. It is not known whether the gage heights 

recorded for Jan. 1 to Feb. 11 were to water surface or to the top of the ice. The gage heights for May 10, 

20, 21 ; 26 and 27, June 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 to 17, and Aug. 22 are omitted because they are not true indices of 

the discharge. On these days water from the dam above was flushed down the stream to assist in driving 

logs.

tyaily discharge, in second-feet, of Dead River near The Forks, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1. ..........................

2...........................

3...........................

4...........................

5...........................

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9...........................

10...........................

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14...........................

15. ..........................

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

19...........................

20...........................

Apr.

1,330

1,480

1 480

1.640

May.

10,700

11,300

10.700

9,510

8,570

8,760

5,980

7 480

?' 840

6,260

4,690

4,060

2,690

2,230

1,400

1,880

1,800

1,880

1.700

June.

1,560

1,380

1,190

1,340

1,480

1,370

1 260

1J260

1,260

1,240

1 240

1^220

1,200

1,180

1,160

1,140 i i4fi

1,120

1.120

July.

715

610

610

510

510

415

415

415

415

415

415

325

325

325

240

240

160

160

160

Aug.

610

610

510

510

510

370

325

240

240

240

94O

240

240

325

510

610

715

825

Sept.

510

510

510

510

510

510

610

610

610

510

510

510

415

415

41 fi

415

415

415

Oct.

662

770

882

1,190

882

825

770

715

662

610

510

510

560

610

715

610

610

510

662

940

Nov.

462

770

662

610

510

510

510

610

715

715

715

715

662

610

610

940

882

825

825

770

Dec.

1,260

1,330

1,120

825

715

715

715

610

610

610

610

715

1,720

3,600

3,180

2,500

2,230

1,720

1,400

1,120
68 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Dead River near The Forks, Maine, for 1911 Contd.

Day.

21...........................

22...........................

23...........................

24...........................

25...........................

26...........................

27. ..........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

11

Apr.

1,800

1,970

1,970

2,230

2,500

3,180

3,940

5,100

6,460

9,510

May.

1,510

1,330

1 400

1,400

1,400

1,310

1,210

1,120

1,560

1,190

1 ' 190

June.

1,190

1,330

1 120

1,000

940

825

715

71 %

560

715

July.

160

160

160

160

415

510

610

715

715

715

610

Aug.

715

858

1,000

662

510

462

415

415

415

462

510

Sept.

415

415

415

415

415

510

510

510

610

610

Oct.

1,000

1,120

1,000

940

940

882

825

770

715

662

560

Nov.

715

715

715

610

610

610

610

560

610

940

Dec.

1,000

940

1 060

1*480

2,060

1,720

1,640

1,400

1,120

882

825

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve. During the periods of 

omitted gage heights May, June, and August the daily discharge was computed by applying the rating 

table td several gage readings taken during any given day and weighting these values in accordance with 

the proportionalpart of the day to which each gage height is applicable.

Monthly discharge of Dead River near The Forks, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 878 square miles.]

Month.

April ...................................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

9,510

. 11,300 

1,560 

715 

1,000 

610 

1,190 

940 

3,600

11,300

Minimum.

1,120 

560 

160 

240

415 

510 

462 

610

Mean.

220 

170 

180 

1,690 

. 4,050 

1,140 

402 

478 

489 

762 

677 

1,340

972

Per 

square 

mile.

0.251 

.194 

.205 

1.93 

4.62 

1.30 

.458 

.545 

.558 

.869 

.772 

1.53

1.11

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.29 

.20

.24 

2.15 

5.33 

1.45 

.53 

.63 

62 

1.00 

.86 

1.76

15.06

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

D.

 c. . A. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B.

NOTE. Discharge from Jan. 1 to Apr. 16 estimated from the discharge at Waterville and climatologic 

records. Mean discharge Apr. 1 to 16 estimated 375 second-feet, ranging from about 200 to about 800 secondfeet. Discharge during eacn of the months January, February, and March was relatively constant.

SANDY RIVER NEAR FARMINGTON, MAINE.

Location. At Fairbanks highway bridge, 3 miles above Farmington.

Records available. July 11, 1910, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 270 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain.

Channel. Permanent; left bank high; right bank subject to overflow in extreme 

freshets; current swift at high and medium stages but sluggish during low water.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Winter flow. Affected by ice. ;

Artificial control. No storage basins above the station; the water power dam at 

Phillips may slightly affect the flow at the station.

Accuracy. A discharge rating curve has not yet been developed.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Maine State Water Storage Commission.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 69 

Discharge measurements of Sandy River near Farmington, Maine, in 1911.

Date.

Oct 23

28

Hydrographer.

.....do....................................................................

A.

Feet. 

4.00

3.20

Discharge.

Sec.-fl. 

609

233

Daily gage height, in feet, of Sandy River near Farmington, Maine, for 1911. 

[L. A. Daggett, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

S.. ...... .......

4...............

5...............

6...............

7... ............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13. ..............

14. ..............

15...............

16...............

17.. .............

18...............

19. ..............

20...............

VL... ............

22.... ...........

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28. ..............

29. ..............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

3.3

3.1

3.2

Feb.

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.5

Mar.

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.7

4 7

Apr,

5.4

4.9

4 7

4.5

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.7

5.5

5.0

4 7

4.6

4.2

5 9

7.5

6.6

5.6

5.6

5.3

5.1

5.0

4.8

4.6

4.4

5.4

6.0

5.9

6.6

6.9

6.6

May.

7.1

6.5

6.0

i Q

4.6

4.4

4.7

4.6

4.9

4.6

4 6

3.9

4.1

3.9

3.6

3.4

. 3.4

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.1

2 9

3.1

2.9

3.2

3.2

3.3

2.9

2.9

2.7

2.7

June.

3.85

3.9

3.3

3.1

2.9

2.7

2.8

2.5

2.6

2.6

2.6

3.4

3.85

^ Q

3.6

3.3

3.4

3.2

3.0

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.5

July.

2.3

2.4

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.0

2.0

2.5

2.4

2.3

3.0

2.6

2.4

2.3

2.4

2.2

2.1

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.55

3.7

3.1

Aug.

2.9

2.6

2.6

2.4

2.3

- 2.2

2.2

2.3

2.8

2.6

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.2

2.2

2.5

3.9

3.3

3.2

3.6

3.1

2.8

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.6

3.6

3.1

Sept.

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.6

2.5

3.5

2.9

2.6

2.7

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.6

3.6

2.9

2.7

2.7

2.5

2.5

2.9

2.6

2.6

3.9

3.6

3.0

2.9

3.0

Oct.

3.5

3.1

2.9

3.3

3.8

3.6

3.2

3.0

2.9

2.6

2.8

2.6

2.6

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

3.75

4.9

4.6

3.3

4.0

4.0

3.6

3.7

3.6

3.4

. 3.1

3.0

3.0

Nov.

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.9

2

0

3.0

4.2

3.8

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.4

3.9

3.5

3.7

4.0

4.3

4.6

3.9

3.2

3.3

3.7

3.5

3.3

3.5

3.5

3.3

3.5

4.2

Dec.

3.7

3.5

3

0

3.1

3.8

4.2

4.0

3.9

3.5

3.3

3.5

3.7

5.9

5.0

4.2

3.9

3.8

3.6

3.5

3.3

3.5

3.8

4.0

5.2

4.3

4.0

3

0

3.6

4.0

4.1

4.1

NOTE. The relation of gage height to discharge was doubtless affected by Ice from about Jan. 1 to about 

Apr. 15, but not materially affected during December. The gage readings are probably to the top of the 

ice.

SEBASTICOOK RIVER AT PITTSFIELD, MAINE.

Location. At steel highway bridge just above the Maine Central Railroad bridge

in the town of Pittsfield. 

Records available. July 27, 1908, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual

reports of Maine State Water Storage Commission. 

Drainage area. 320 square miles. 

Gage. Standard chain; datum unchanged. 

Channel. Permanent; banks high and rocky and not subject to overflow; stream

confined between the abutments of the bridge. 

Discharge measurements. Made from the highway bridge. 

Winter flow. Not generally affected by ice, as the rapid fall and proximity of the

power plant immediately above the station tend to keep the river open.1
70 SURFACE WATEK SUPPLY, 1911, PAKT I.

Artificial control. About 800 feet upstream from the station is the dam of the 

Robert Dobson Co. and the Smith Woolen Co.; about one-half mile farther upstream is the dam of the Waverly Woolen Mill. About 5 miles below the station 

and 2 miles from Burnham is the dam of the Sebasticook Power Co., but the fall 

of the stream prevents backwater from the lower dam.

Accuracy. The relation between gage height and discharge is more or less affected 

by fluctuations in stage caused, by the operation of the dams above the station 

for night storage. Conditions favor the accurate determination of discharge and 

a fair rating curve has been developed; a few more measurements are needed to 

closely determine the flow at extreme high and extreme low stages.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with Maine State Water Storage 

Commission.

Discharge measurements of Sebasticook River at Pittsfield, Maine, in 1911.

Date.

July 17

Oct. 4

Hyd'rographer.

F. E. Pressey... . ..................... ..................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.23

3.05

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

321

236

Daily gage height, in feet, of Sebasticook River at Pittsfield, Maine, for 1911. 

[Easter B. Morrill, observer.]

Day.

1...............

 2..... ..........

3...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

1Q

20. ..............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

as...............

27...............

28...............

29. ..............

30. ..............

11

Jan.

2.3

2.55

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.35

2.4

2.65

2.85

2!95

3.0

2.95

2.75

2.55

2.85

2.85

2.75

2.7

2.45

2.45

2.6

2.95

2.95

3.0

2.95

2.9

2.7

2.5

2.9

2.95

Feb.

2.8

2.9

2.85

2.85

2.5

2.95

2.95

2.85

2

0

2.85

2.85

2.45

2.9

2.85

2.8

2.75

2.65

2.65

2.45

2.35

2.35

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.35

Mar.

2.45

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.25

2.45

2.55

2.65

2.85

2.85

2.9

2.8

2.85

2.9

2.95

2.95

9 Q

2.65

2.4

2.85

2.85

. 2.85

9 Q

2.75

2.7

2.4

,2.45

2.55

2.9

2.9

3.0

Apr.

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.25

3.3

3.3

3.5

4 1

3.75

3.7

3.65

3.6

4.15

4.3

4.8

5.3

5 7

5.85

5.9

f, Q

5.75

5.5

5.35

5.35

5.2

5.0

4.85

4.75

4.6

May.

4.7

4.6

4.45

4.45

3.6

3.75

4.3

3 05

3.75

3.65

3.55

2.95

2.6

2.9

3.0

3

ftc

\ 3.0 i n

2.85

2.7

2.95

2.95

2.95

2.95

2.9

2.9

2.6

3.0

2.8

3.0

June.

3.05

3.05

3.05

3.0

3.05

2.95

3.05

3.1

3.05

2.95

2.6

2 Qt

3.0

2.9

2.9

3.0

2.85

2.65

3.0

3.1

3.0

3.05

2.85

2.65

3.05

3.05

3.0

3.0

2.9

July.

2.85

2.6

2.65

2.65

2.9

3.0

2.95

2.7

2.6

2.9

3.0

2.95

2.9

2.9

2.65

2.7

2.9

2.9

3.0

2.8

2.8

2.75

2.5

3.0

2.85

2.9

2.85

2.9

2

0

2.8

2.95

Aug.

2.95

2.95

2.8

2.85

2.65

2.6

2.95

2 05

2.7

2.8

2.85

2.75

2.65

2.9

2.9

2.95

2 0

2 05

2>65

9 KK

2.9

2.9

2.9

2 7

2.8

2.6

2 55

2.85

2.8

2.85

2.8

Sept.

2.75

2.6

2.5

2.7

2.7

2.55

2.7

2.75

2

K

2.55

2.85

2.75

2.75

2.65

2.85

2.6

2.5

2.8

2.9

2.95

2.85

2.9

2.7

2.6

2.9

2.85

2.8

2.75

2.8

2.65

Oct.

2.65

2.85

2.8

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.6

2.5

2.75

2.75

2.8

2.75

2.7

2.6

2.2

2.5

3.0

2.95

. 3.0

2.95

2.85

2.3

2.6

2.85

2.95

3.0

3.05

2.85

2.3

2.95

2.95

Nov.

3.1

2.95

3.0

3.0

2.95

2.75

3.15

3.25

3.05

3.05

2.7

3.05

3.25

3.25

3.15

3.1

2.9

2.8

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.1

2.95

2.75

2.85

3.15

3.35

3.25

Dec.

3.2

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.25

2.9

2.9

2.9

3.15

3.4

3.5

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.65

3.6

3.55

3.6

3.7

3.7

3.75

3.9

4.15

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.25

4.0

4.1

4.0

NOTE. The relation of gage height to discharge is probably not affected by ice at this station, owing to 

the rapid fall and proximity of the power plant above the gaging station.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 71 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sebasticook River at Pittsfield, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1... ............

2. ..............

3...............

4..... ..........

5...............

6...............

7. ..............

8...............

9. .............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19. ..............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23. ...... ........

24...............

25........... ..

26...............

27...............

28...............

29. ..............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

30

84

60

60

60

60

40

59

111

176

230

919

142

84

176

176

149

125

60

60

97 019

212

230

919

193

125

71

919

Feb.

158

193

176

176

71

212

176

193

176

176

60

193

176

158

142

111

111

60

40

40

in

in

50

in

in

in

40

Mar.

60

40

40

40

22

60

84

111

176

176

193

1 1R

176

193

212

212

193

111

50

176

176

176

193

142

125

50

60

84

193

230

Apr.

270 97ft

331

OKO

352

438

838

838

540

AQC

888

1,040

1 IQn

2,200

2

7OA

2,920

2 QQA

2,990

2 7Qft

2,260

2,260

2,080

1,830

1,650

1,530

1 ^fifi

May.

1,470

1,360

1,140

1,200

485

570

1,040

706 i?n

119

462

919

07

193

230

250

230

230

176

191

212

212

919

193

97

230

158

230

June.

250

9in

230

O Eft

919

250

270

250

919

Q7

230

90 ft

176

111

230

97(1

250

230

9Kft

176

111

250

230

230

July.

176

07

111

111

193

230

125

97

193

230

212

111

191

193

193

230

11S

158

142

71

230

176

193

176

193

158

11S

Aug.

212

158

176

111

97

212

 212

125

158

176

142

111

193

193

212

193

212

111

84

193

193

193

125

158

97

84

176

158

176

158

Sept.

142

07

71

125

125

84

125

142

71

84

176

142

142

111

176

97

71

118

193

176

193

125

97

193

176

158

142

158

111

Oct.

Ill

176

158

176

176

176

97

71

142

142

158

142

97

14

71

230

212

230

212

176

30

97

176

212

230

250

176

30

212

212

Nov.

270

919

230

230

142

290

331

290

125

250

331

331

290

270

193

158

310

310

310

270

270

212

142

176

290

374

S31

Dec.

310

QKO

352

310

310

331

193

193

193

' 290

395

438

540

540

512

485

462

485

540

540

570

668

888

1,040

1,040

1,040

989

745

838

745

NOTE. Daily discharge is based on a fairly well-defined discharge rating curve above 70 second-feet. 

Discharges below 70 second-feet are not very accurate.

Monthly discharge of Sebasticook River at Pittsfield, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 320 square miles.]

Month.

March............... ... ......

April....................................

July.....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

230 

212 

230 

2,990 

1,470 

270 

230 

212 

212 

250 

374 

1,040

2,990

Minimum.

30 

40 

22 

270 

97 

97 

71 

84 

71 

14 

125 

193

14

Mean.

132

120 

132 

1,390 

465 

218 

169 

162 

136 

152 

255 

544

322

Per

square 

mile.

0.412

.375 

.412 

4.34 

1.45 

.681 

.528 

.506 

.425 

.475 

.797 

1.70

1.01

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.48 

.39

.48 

4.84 

1.67 

.76 

.61 

.58 

.47 

.55 

.89 

1.96

13.68

Accuracy.

B. 

B. . 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.
SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

COBBOSSEECONTEE STREAM AT GARDINER, MAINE.

Location. At the dam of the Gardiner Water Power Co., in the city of Gardiner.

Records available. June 16, 1890, to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 240 square miles.

Gages. One in pond above dam and one in tailrace of power house.

Determination of flow. The discharge is determined by considering (1) the flow 

over the dam, usually nothing except for a short time in the spring; (2) the flow 

through two gates; and (3) the flow through a 39-inch Hercules wheel. The 

computations are made by the engineers of the S. D. Warren Co., from tables 

of discharge based on careful experiments.

Winter flow. Not affected by ice.

Artificial control. The extensive lakes in the basin are controlled by storage dams 

and the stream affords a remarkable example of the regularity of flow that can 

be obtained with proper storage. Except for a short time in the spring no water 

is wasted.

Accuracy. Results are considered good for a station of this type.

Cooperation. Station maintained by the S. D. Warren Co., which furnishes the 

records for publication.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cobbosseecontee Stream at Gardiner, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1... ............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

91

TZ.. .............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27. ..............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

ao

130

130

130

140

150

150

oO

150

150

150

150

150

150

00

150

150

150

i ^ft

150

150

aO

150

150

150

150

ICA

150

00

180

180

Feb.

180

180

180

180

aQ

180

180

180

190

200

200

aO

200

200

190

171^

170

170

aO

170

170

170

170

145

120

120

120

Mar.

120

120

120

120

oO

120

120

120

120

120

120

aO

120

145

120

165

150

160

aO

200

200

200

200

200

200

oO

200

240

280

280

520

Apr.

758

o700

595

420

330

310

410

650

o758

720

510

335

335

335

430

o505

520

425

335

305

OOA

OOA

oon

280

280

280

280

280

oO

May.

280

280

280

280

280

2SO

oO

280

280

280

280

280

280

oQ

270

270

270

270

270

270

oO

260

260

260

260

260

260

oO

260

130

260

June.

260

260

260

oQ

260

260

260

260

260

260

oO

260

260

260

260

260

260

oO

260

260

260

260

260

260

oO

260

260

255

255

255

July.

255

oO

250

125

120

200

200

200

oO

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200 oQ

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

Aug.

200

200

200

200

200

oO

200

200

200

200

200

200

oO

200

200

200

200

200

200

oO

200

200

200

200

200

200

oO

200

200

200

200

Sept.

200

200

oO

200

200

200

200

200

200

oO

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

200

oO

200

200

200

200

200

200

Oct.

oO

200

200 200-

200

200

200

ofl

160

160

160

160

160

160

oO

160

160

135

145

160

160

oO

160

160

160

160

160

130

aO

160

130

Nov.

110

110

105

100

ofl

120

120

120

120

120

120

oO

120

120

120

120

120

120

oQ

120

120

120

120

120

120,

oO

120

120

120

60

Dec.

120

120

ofl

120

120

120

120

120

120

oO

120

120

120

120

120

120

oO

120

120

120

120

120

120

oO

30

130

185

170

170

170

00

o Sunday.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST.

Monthly discharge of Gobbosseecontee Stream at Gardiner, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 240 square miles.]

Month.

April ..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

September. ....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

180 

200 

520 

758 

280 

260 

255 

200 

200 

200 

120 

185

758

Minimum.

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0

0

Mean.

125 

148 

154 

398 

232 

225 

166 

174 

173 

139 

100 

105

178

Per 

square 

mile.

0.521

.617 

.642 

1.66 

.967 

.938 

.692 

.725 

.721 

.579 

.417 

.438

.742

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area;.

0.60

 .64 

.74 

1.85 

1.11 

1.05 

.80 

.84 

.80 

.67 

.47 

.50

10.07

ANDROSCOGGIN RIVER BASIN.

ANDROSCOGGIN RIVER AT ERROL DAM, N. H.

Location. Errol dam, 1 mile above the town of Errol, N. H.

Records available. January 1, 1905, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 1,095 square miles.

Gage. Movable rod gage; readings taken each day from the sill of deep gate No. 6; 

elevation of zero of gage or sill of gate is 1,231.3 feet above mean sea level.

Discharge. Computed from discharge through fourteen gates in the dam by means 

of coefficients determined from a few discharge measurements.

The dam is a wooden structure completely housed over, about 175 feet between abutments. The entire flow passes through gates of different sizes, fourteen 

in all. There is no provision for overflow besides the gates. Beginning at the 

left end the gates are described as follows:

One gate 10 feet deep by 15 feet wide, seldom used; three gates 10J feet deep 

by 15 feet wide, open most of the time; nine gates 15 feet deep by 7 feet wide 

in the clear (so-called deep gates), open a portion of the time only; one gate 15 

feet deep by 5 feet wide, gristmill gate and used only occasionally. The cap 

of all the fourteen gates is one continuous beam and on the same level, thus 

making the bottom of the various gates at different levels.

A "dead head " of 2.66 feet exists a short distance above the present dam, this 

point at present controlling the low flow.

The depth on the deep gates does not indicate the true height of water in 

Umbagog Lake on account of this "dead head" formed by the old dam and by 

the bar at "Quick Water Point," the lowest point of which is about 4 feet above 

the sill of the present dam.

Winter flow. Little affected by ice.

Artificial control. Errol dam controls the storage of Umbagog Lake, the lower of 

the Rangeley series of lakes comprising the principal storage of the Androscoggin 

River, and amounting to about 19 billion cubic feet, and also a recently developed storage site on Magalloway River created by the Aziscohos dam, which 

amounts to about 8 billion cubic feet, thus making the total storage about 28 

billion cubic feet. Errol dam is located about 5 miles below the outlet of Umbagog Lake and about 3.5 miles below the mouth of Magalloway River, thus 

making this latter stream one of the feeders of Umbagog Lake.
SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PAET^I.

Accuracy. The discharge is derived from coefficients applied to the various gate 

openings as determined from a number of current meter gagings. The ratings, 

however, are not as thorough as could be desired, and the results are considered 

very roughly approximate.

Cooperation. Records are obtained and computations made under the direction 

of Mr. Walter H. Sawyer, agent for the Union Water Power Co., who furnishes data 

to the Survey.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Androscoggin River at Errol dam, N. H.,for 1911.

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

5...............

6...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13. ..............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...-..---..-...

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

oo

24...............

25...............

26...............

97

28.....*.........

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

1,080

936

681

801

968

968

07^

973

907

792

788

780

870

867

863

863

852

874

892

87T

802

856

901

873

855

810

790

838

871

824

Feb.

791

780

756

733

702

702

711

727

713

713

696

696

687

687

666

641

725

787

774

743

728

708

fiCU

694

687

677

669

Mar.

659

659

659

659

669

659

659

649

626

783

846

834

778

752

752

742

742

7^9

720

720

720

720

720

720

708

708

708

708

720

720

TV>

Apr.

742

752

752

764

764

780

780

792

804

804

816

842

866

900

938

1,010

1,090

1,160

1,230

1,270

1,290

1,370

1 3<jn

1,390

1,420

1,470

1 750

2,330

2,150

2,080

May.

2,340

3,550

4,370

4,240

4,040

3,810

3,430

2,960

2,980

2,750

2,660

2,660

2,620

2,610

2,380

1,930

1,620

1,310

1,160

1,150

1,140

1,140

1,130

1,120

1,100

1,090

1,090

1,100

996

907

June.

266

842

1,190

1,280

919

903

881

856

766

749

733

685

700

700

677

685

707

822

733

731

728

717

658

652

648

635

618

613

727

1,080

July.

1,170

998

1,050

1,100

1,190

1,070

1,030

1,030

1,070

1,030

1,030

1,030

1,330

1,310

1,220

1,200

1,250

1,220

1,410

1,370

1,250

1,120

1,110

1,190

1,050

721

428

986

867

775

607

Aug.

1,200

348

1,180

2,040

468

1,100

1,020

- 220

1,330

1,290

1,120

827

2,440

1,310

979

205

826

1,030

741

509

833

1,000

1,080

1,070

1,040

982

938

849

611

677

858

Sept.

' 969

1,040

1,020

1,000

981

716

562

743

894

885

872

865

938

970

944

847

935

916

960

952

902

844

800

858

783

653

727

941

1,280

1,270

Oct.

1,270

771

749

749

414

476

936

891

915

882

839

904

918

914

688

1,180

1,090

1,090

1,120

1,210

1,270

1,250

1,270

1,340

1,150

1,010

1,000

1,100

971

883

909

Nov.

988

1,120

1,230

1,180

1,150

1,080

1,070

1,070

1,160

1,110

560

704

820

832

843

781

742

745

742

738

731

725

794

775

747

881

1,030

1,010

892

829

Dec.

892

826

892

890

1,140

1,240

1,190

1,160

1,100

971

771

344

467

471

481

V 677

758

918

1,000

1,010

1,000

1,000

1,580

2,070

2,060

2,060

2,030

2,020

2,000

1,970

1,940

Monthly discharge of Androscoggin River at Errol dam, N. H.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,095 square miles.]

Month.

April. .........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,080 

815 

846 

2,330 

4,370 

1,280 

1,410 

2,440 

1,280 

1,340 

1,230 

2,070

4,370

Minimum.

681 

641 

626 

742 

907 

266 

428 

205 

562 

414 

560 

344

205

Mean.

864 

718 

716 

1,150 

2,140 

763 

1,070 

972 

902 

973 

903 

1,190

1,030

Per 

square 

mile.

0.789 

.656 

.654 

1.05 

1.95 

.697 

.977 

.888 

.824 

.889 

.825 

1.09

.941

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.91 

.68 

.75 

1.17 

2.25 

.78 

1.13 

1.02 

.92 

1.02 

.92 

1.26

12.81
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. . 

ANDROSCOGGIN RIVER AT RTJMFORD FALLS, MAINE.

75

Location. The dam of the Rumford Falls Power Co. at Rumford Falls.

Records available. May 18, 1892, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 2,090 square miles.

Gage. One located in pond above dam and one in tailrace of power house.

Discharge. Computed from discharge over the dam, using the customary Francia 

weir formula with modified coefficient, and the quantities passing through the 

various wheels of the power house, which have been thoroughly rated.

Winter flow. Little affected by ice.

Artificial control. The storage in the Rangeley system of lakes at the headwaters 

of Androscoggin River, aggregating 28 billion cubic feet, is largely under complete control. The stored water is regulated in the interests of the water-power 

users below and is under such excellent management that this is one of the best 

water-power streams hi the country.

Accuracy. Results are believed to be excellent.

Cooperation. Records are obtained and computations made by Mr. Charles A. 

Mixer, engineer, Rumford Falls Power Co., who funlishes the data through the 

district office.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Androscoggin River at Rumford Falls, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1........ .......

2....... ........

3..... ..........

4...........'....

5...............

6...............

7...... .........

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

18. ..............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

OQ

24...............

26...............

97

28...............

29............... 

30-.. . ............

31...............

Jan.

al,530 

1,640

2,050 

2,770 

2,000

1,900 

1,880 

al,850 

1,690 

1,750

1,620 

1,440 

1,410 

1,380 

al,440

1,300 

1,200 

1,110 

1,150 

1,180

1,220 

a 1, 170 

1,140 

1,160 

1,110

1,150 

1,230 

1,110 

a 1,020 

925 

1,070

Feb.

967 

981 

982 

1,030 

<»989

978 

974 

956 

900 

931

1,000 

« 1,020 

1,000 

995 

1,040

977 

965 

947 

»912 

987

926 

912 

882 

900 

912

a871 

830 

858

.......

Mar.

785 

763 

781 

737 

»712

693 

724 

736 

744 

628

762 

»638 

707 

716 

718

742

708 

695 

0668 

658

666 

655 

627 

657 

643

«639 

625 

875 

1,430 

1,760 

1,580

Apr.

1,480 

al,280 

1,310 

1,230 

1,210

1,190 

2,060 

4,470 

«3,590 

2,810

2,760 

2,730 

3,250 

4,280 

5,490

a 7, 470 

5,920 

5,430 

5,000 

5,750

5,280 

4,690 

a4,020 

4,060 

6,260

7,920 

9,740 

12,400 

14,500 

al4,800

May.

14,600 

15,000 

13,000 

9,150 

7,550

6,480 

<»6,300 

6,980 

6,580 

6,130

5,600 

5,000 

4,560 

04,210 

3,890

3,820 

3,500 

3,270 

3,010 

2,820

ol,890 

2,430 

2,590 

2,110 

2,520

2,680 

2,480 

02,160 

1,850 

1,780 

1,710

June.

2,320 

2,370 

1,790 

al,980 

1,860

2,170 

1,910 

1,880 

1,860 

1,550

al,530 

1,520 

2,360 

2,400 

2,240

1,880 

1,860 

ol,790 

1,730 

1,700

1,550 

1,620 

1,600 

1,600 

ol,490

1,380 

1,590 

1,470 

1,450 

1,390

July.

1,330 

al,380 

1,440 

1,410 

1,390

1,520 

1,380 

1,320 

al,360 

1,390

1,370 

1,320 

1,670 

1,190 

1,120

o 1, 190 

1,260 

1,620 

1,590 

1,410

1,360 

1,430 

al,380 

1,340 

1,440

1,330 

1,300 

1,360 

1,380 

ol,430 

1,480

Aug.

1,410 

1,330 

1,320 

1,350 

1,340

al,240 

1,140 

1,300 

1,270 

1,200

1,310 

1,510 

al,440 

1,360 

1,350

1,430 

1,600 

1,430 

1,620 

« 1,550

1,480 

1,450 

1,280 

1,310 

1,320

1,410 

al,420 

1,420 

2,290 

2,200 

1,900

Sept.

1,640 

1,550 

al,560 

1,560 

1,570

1,710 

1,730 

1,570 

1,450 

ol,430

1,440 

1,340 

1,370 

1,400 

1,460

1,610 

al,390 

1,570 

1,570 

1,460

1,440 

1,390 

1,560 

ol,550 

1,530

1,700 

1,660 

1,620 

1,550 

1,720

Oct.

al,670 

1,630 

1,640 

1,650 

2,310

2,400 

1,930 

al,900 

1,860 

1,790

1,680 

1,730 

1,640 

1,750 

« 1,740

1,720 

1,660 

1,650 

2,620 

2, 820

2,580 

02,590 

2,600 

2,630 

2,320

2,120 

2,050 

2,020 

al,960 

1,910 

1,920

Nov.

1,830 

1,920 

1,920 

1,770 

a 1,720

1,820 

2,230 

2,650 

2,350 

2,220

2,080 

02,070 

3,600 

2,830 

2,610

2,380 

1,870 

2,300 

02,420 

2,550

2.340 

1,890 

1,780 

2,090 

2,020

02,100 

2,180 

2,000 

2,710 

2,950

Dec.

2,820 

2,620 

02,400 

1,620 

1,550

1,820 

2,180 

2,070 

2,140 

02,220

2,310

2,880 

3,870 

3,910 

2,940

2,730 

02,650 

2,610 

2,140 

1,690

2,110

2,270 

3,070 

04,150 

4,360

3,940 

3,670 

3,000 

1,960 

2,170 

02,420

a Sunday.
76 . SURFACE WATBE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Monthly discharge of Androscoggin River at Rumford Falls, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 2,090 square miles.]

Month.

April..........................................

May

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,770 

1,040 

1,760 

14,800 

15,000 

2,400 

1,670 

2,290 

1,730 

2,820 

3,600 

4,360

15,000

Minimum,

925 

830 

625 

1,190 

1,710 

1,380 

1,120 

1,140 

1,340 

1,630 

1,720 

1,550

625

Mean.

1,440 

951 

789 

5,080 

5,020 

1,790 

1,380 

1,450 

1,540 

2,020 

2,240 

2,650

2,200

Per 

square 

mile.

0.689 

.455 

.378 

2.43 

2.40 

.856 

.660 

.694 

.737 

.967 

1.07 

1.27

1.05

Run-ofl 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.79

.47 

.44 

2.71 

2.77 

.96 

.76 

.80 

.82 

1.11 

1.19 

1.46

14.28

PRESUMPSCOT RIVER BASIN. , 

PREStTMPSCOT RIVER AT OUTLET OF SEBAGO LAKE, MAINE.

Location. Outlet dam at Sebago Lake and the hydro-electric plant at Eel Weir 

Falls, 1 mile below lake outlet.

Records available. January 1, 1887, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports, Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 436 square miles.

Gages. On the bulkhead of the gate house at the outlet dam and in the fore bay and 

tailrace of the power plant.

Discharge. Prior to March, 1904, the discharge was deduced from the records of the 

opening of the gates in the dam, the discharge capacity of which under different 

conditions of head has been determined and tabulated by Mr. Hiram F. Mills, 

of Lowell.

In March, 1904, a hydro-electric plant was completed at Eel Weir Falls, the 

water being brought directly from the outlet dam to the plant by means of a 

canal about a mile long. This new plant has necessitated a different method of 

recording the flow from the lake. The water passes through three pairs of 30-inch 

Hercules wheels, the amount being recorded by three Alien meters, one on each 

pair. These meters were rated by the result of a test at Holyoke, Mass., of one 

pair of the wheels. Since the station was finished the performance of the wheels 

and of the recording meters has been checked by current-meter measurements, 

brake tests of the wheels, and electrical readings of the generator output. It is 

usually desired to keep a constant flow through the canal, and when demands for 

power are not sufficient to utilize the entire flow through the wheels, the excess 

of water is run off through a pair of regulating gates at the power station. A record 

of the opening of these gates is kept and the flow computed from a coefficient 

determined from current meter tests.

The flow at times from the lake may be greater than is safe to carry through the 

canal, though this has not yet happened. At such times it will be necessary to 

draw a part of the water through the old regulating gates in the main dam.

Winter flow. No trouble from ice.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 77

Artificial control. Sebago Lake, with an area of 46 square miles, is under complete 

control for storage. It is a magnificent natural storage reservoir and its utilization 

for this purpose has made the regimen of flow of the Presumpscot extremely 

regular.

Accuracy. Results are very good for a station of this type.

Cooperation. Records obtained and computations made and furnished by the 

S. D. Warren Co.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Presumpscot River at outlet of Sebago Lake, Maine,

for 1911.

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26. ..............

27. ..............

28...............

29. ..............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

a250

335

333

338

333

335

338

a253

338

ooe

335

342

338

333

o!23

338

332

335

338

337

330

ol25

338

343

333

333

333

343

ol50

320

305

Feb.

335

330

333

a242

410

412

430

423

413

A99

428

427

420

420

420

420

a 150

423

418

422

420

422

410

ol43

427

422

Mar.

420

417

422

417

0185

342

338

340

338

Q7£

OQQ

«162

337

340

335

338

337

342

al80

343

328

335

342

342

328

a 167

345

295

262

198

917

Apr.

243

al30

337

308

325

308

163

a 103

970

977

277

, 278

277

977

a275

340

343

350

343

340

342

«277

345

338

343

342

340

338

«153

May.

335

342

342

338

335

all8

340

347

345

040

340

345

«73

040

343

347

343

335

o!22

345

337

342

^147

335

330

a 112

335

333

338

June.

340

a 115

338

345

337

337

337

007

a OCA

343

347

332

343

OQO

342

a 295

338

333

338

338

345

307

o!07

342

335

362

338

303

My.

293

»73

170

IOD

33S

338 oja

322

a 42

267

970

97f;

275

267

243

a 102

OQO

237

395

247

242

225

a52

180

173

170

168

168

173

a 62

202

Aug.

172

17C

175

170

1 JO

o58

172

175

172

168

1 W

<* 112

177

175

175

207

203

160

177

173

173

180

172

140

a 58

172

172

170

172

Sept.

163

143

o67

173

248

267'

277

273

al!3

977

977

275

277

977

O7Q

a 198

277

278

277

277

277

285

a 143

422

413

418

425

420

417

Oct.

a!22

007

OOA

007

007

tdO

330

a 199

332

OQ7

007

007

337

332

a 130

ooc

ooc

337

338

332

oqc

a 122

340

340

347

342

335

333

a 142

547

545

Nov.

545 u<>

543

540

0345

540

540 ejo

CQ7

COD

*37

cja

538

KAf\

542

eoo

a 187

542

KA(\

540

542

537

W!

a255

AAR

455

453

457

Dec.

452

457

a 160

438

JO9

420

420

499

417

a207

420

490

JOQ

420

490

Alfi

a 197

417

417

417

420

417

343

a 137

420

417

490

422

427

420

a250

o Sunday.

Monthly discharge of Presumpscot River at outlet of Sebago Lake, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 436 square miles.]

Month.

March.........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July ............... .........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

343 

430 

422 

350 

347 

362 

395 

207 

425 

547 

545 

457

547

Minimum.

123 

143 

162 

103

73 

107 

42 

58 

67 

122 

187 

137

42

Mean.

309 

375 

316 

286 

310 

317 

215 

159 

273 

316 

489 

383

312

Per 

square 

mile.

0.709 

.800 

.725 

.656 

.711 

.727 

.493 

.365 

.626 

.725 

1.12 

.878

.716

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on

drainage 

area).

0.82 

.90 

.84 

.73 

.82 

.81 

.57 

.42 

.70 

.84 

1.25 

1.01

9.71
78 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

SACO RIVER BASIN.

SACO RIVER NEAR CENTER CONWAY, N. H.

Location. At the wooden highway bridge between Center Conway and Bedstone, 

N. H., about 2 miles from each place, about 3 miles below the mouth of Swift 

River and 2 miles above the outlet of Conway Lake.

Records available. August 26, 1903, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of the Maine State Water Storage Commission.

Drainage area. 385 square miles.

Gage. Chain attached to bridge; datum unchanged.

Channel. Recent measurements indicate radical changes in conditions of flow; but 

insufficient measurements have been taken to define the new discharge rating 

curve. Channel broken by one pier.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or by wading.

Winter flow. So affected by ice that gage height observations are discontinued.

Cooperation. Established in cooperation with the New Hampshire Forestry Commission; since 1904 maintained by the United States Geological Survey.

The following measurement was made by Adams and Coffin: 

October 20, 1911: Gage height, 5.15 feet; discharge, 1,160 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, ofSaco River near Center Conway, N. H.,for 1911. 

[Fred Masterton, Observer.]

Day.

1..... ..........

2...............

3...............

5...............

7... ............

8...............

9...............

10..--..-........

11...............

12...............

13...............

14..... ..........

16. ..............

16. ..............

17...............

18...............

19. ..............

20...............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26..............

27...............

28.... ............

29.... ........ ...

30.... ........ ...

31...............

Jan.

4.85

7 9

6.8

Feb.

6.2

6.2

6.1

5.7

Mar.

5.5

5.5

5.6

5.7

Apr.*

6.6

5.4

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.9

7.1

6.9

6.4

(5.1

6.0

6.3

6.0

5.8

5.5

5.4

6.3

6.9

7.3

8.2

8.7

8.6

May.

9.0

9.6

7.8

6.6

6.2

6.1

6.1

6.7

7.0

6.5

6.3

6.2

6.2

5.6

5.3

5.1

49

4.8

4.75

4.70

5.0

4.55

4.55

4.50

4.55

4.35

420

4 10

4.00

3.95

June.

5.0

4.85

4.35

4.10

4, 00

3.95

3.95

4.45

4.20

4.00

3.90

4.55

5.3

5.0

4.90

4.55

4.60

4.35

4.15

4.20

4.10

3.95

3.90

3.80

3.70

3.75

3.70

3 ?n

3.67

July.

3.55

3.49

3.46

3.44

3.39

3.34

3.31

3.35

3.27

3.27

3.23

3.21

3.23

3.25

3.15

3.15

3.17

3.37

3.80

3.45

3.43

3.36

3.27

3.24

3.35

3.27

3.25

3.95

4.05

3.65

Aug.

3.49

3.47

3.37

3.29

3.27

3.21

3.18

3.20

3.16

3.14

3.17

3.44

3.34

3.22

3.18

3.24

3.38

3.38

3.26

3.60

3.44

3.26

3.20

3.12

3.11

3.14

3.18

3.. 22

3

QC

3.85

3.50

Sept.

3.36

3.33

3.30

3.24

3.21

3.30

3.95

3.55

3.46

3.50

3.47

3.38

3.40

3.36

3.32

3.80

3.80

3.60

3.46

3.40

3.34

3.34

3.50

3.43

3.38

3.42

3.43

3.41

3.60

Oct.

3.70

3.65

3.75

3.70

4.90

4.75

3.95

3.80

3.75

3.65

3.60

3.55

3.50

3.47

3.46

5.5

5.2

4.70

4 50

5.2

5.2

4 65

4.40

4.20

4.15

4 00

3.95

3.90

Nov.

4.30

4.00

3.85

3.80

3.70

3.70

4.35

4.95

4.40

4.20

4.15

4.10

4.25

4.55

4.40

425

3.68

430

4.40

420

415

3.95

400

400

4.10

3.95

405

4 00

K 0

5.3

Dec.

4 on

4.65

4

J.E

4.25

4.50

4.65

4.15

4.12

4.15

A 7ft

5.3

5.2

4.65

4.50

4.45

4.30

'4.15

4.30

4.65

6.1

5.8

5.1

4 Rfi

4.75

A EC

5.6

NOTE. The river was frozen Jan. 1 to Apr. 10. 

effect in December.

Gage heights are to water surface. Probably no ice
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 79

SAGO RIVER AT WEST BITXTON, MAINE.

Location. Hydro-electric plant, of the Portland Electric Co. at West Buxton,

Maine. 

Records available. October 19, 1907, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual

reports Maine State Water Storage Commission. 

Drainage area. 1,550 square miles. v 

Gages. One in pond above dam and one in tail race of power house. 

Channel. Crest of the concrete dam,'about 300 feet long. 

Discharge. Discharge computed from flow over the dam and through the rated

wheels of the power plant based upon gage readings taken every hour. 

Winter flow. No trouble from ice. 

Artificial control. There are dams on numerous although comapratively small

lakes in the basin above the station. Regulation of storage probably has some

effect on the regimen of the stream but not to the extent that obtains in the other

basins in the State of Maine where natural storage facilities are better and more

fully developed.

Accuracy. Results believed to be good for a station of this type. 

Cooperation. Records obtained and computations made and furnished by the

Portland Electric Co., James A. Fleet, general manager.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sam River at West Buxton, Maine, for 1911.

Day.

1... ............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

Q

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15. ..............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24............... 25. ..........:...

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

«290

1,850

1,260

1,530

1,490

1,600

1,920

«1,630

2,100

1,870

1,850

1,800

1,690

1,630

«1,090

1,690

1,500

1,370

1,360

1,280

1,330

o790

1,630

1,380

1,100

1,220

1,330

1,150

0720 

1,370 

1,190

Feb.

800

980

1,040

1,120

o650

1,230

1,010

950

1,010

980

1,110

o520

1,100

1,020

780

860

970

720

aS40

930

880

730

800

850

670

a 620

970

790

Mar.

780

790

780

660

o560

920

910

720

930

770

560

o510

710

840

880

800

840

710

o630

890

900

980

1,000

940

700

0650

1,100

1,520

1,760 

2,700 

3,410

Apr.

3,390

o2,600

2,860

2,690

2,740

2,760

3,750

5,730

«5,860

6,070

5,550

5,620

6,050

6,850

8,030

<»8,850

10,140

9,660

9,350

9,380

9,060

8,770

o8,210

8,390

7,500

7 AK(\

7,530

7,810

8,000 

o8,460

May.

9,790

10,310

10,900

11,020

10,760

9,940

08, 560

8,020

7,100

6,710

6,100

5,820

4,880

a5,510

5,290

4,630

4,220

4,080

3,410

3,350

o2,700

2,950

2,750

2,850

2,890

2,960

2,690

02,140

2,580 

2,180 

1,860

June.

2,240

2,250

2,070

ol,350

1,920

1,940

1,750

1,680

1,810

1,640

ol,020

1,720

1,780

1,860

2,230

2,540

2,700

o2,390

9 7flft

9 don

2,120

1,980

1,890

1,650

ol,060

1,560

1,750

1,110

1,530 

1,330

July.

1,120

o%0

1,240

600

1,380

1,150

1,000

850

o450

1,030

740

790

780

760

1,150

o310

820

840

730

1,050

1,030

940

o700

1,420

840

c on

1,010

670

870 

o760 

910

Aug.

1,100

930

970

950

780

o580

880

770

780

580

530

640

o620

579

590

600

660

690

710

o440

540

490

560

510

q,in

o!90

510

490 

510 

560

Sept.

500

490

o350

330

690

540

570

520

440

o260

630

790

680

670

670

44n

o360

640

850

710

790

830

510

o270

590

700

620

600

710 

540

Oct.

o410

7W

720

250

690

710

680

o770

970

1,880

1,600

1,360

1,460

970

o820

1,290

1,410

1,520

1,230

1,110

1,030

o530

1,300

1,450

1,270

1 430

1,'680

1,600

ol,140 

1,690 

1,360

Nov.

1,410

1,500

1,420

1,370

ol,030

1,600

1,580

1,700

1,660

1,850

1,830

ol,280

1,730

1,650

1,760

1,810

1,910

1,950

ol,870

2,220

1,990

1,830

1,800

1,590

1,890

ol,400

1,850

1,690

1,510 

1,710

Dec.

2,230

2 97ft

o2,110

2,540

2,050

1,870

1 860

1J810

1,760

ol,380

1,950

1,910

1,870

1,870

1,960

2,12fl

ol,960

2,490

2,180

2,030

1,800

1,180

1,990

o2,840

3,510

3,360

3,450

3,350

2,780 

1,660 

0960

Sunday.
80 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Monthly discharge ofSaco River at West Buxton, Maine, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,550 square miles.]

Month.

February.. . ...................................

May....................... ....................

June. .........................................

July...........................................

October. ......................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,100 

1,230 

3,410 

10,140 

11,020 

2,700 

1,420 

1,100 

850 

1,880 

2,220 

3,510

11,020

Minimum.

290 

520 

510 

2,600 

1,860 

1,020 

310 

190 

260 

250 

1,030 

960

190

Mean.

1,420 

880 

995 

6,640 

5,450 

1,870 

894 

634 

576 

1,130 

1,680 

2,160

2,030

Per

square 

mile.

0.916 

.568 

.642 

4.28 

3.52 

1.21 

.577 

.409 

.372 

.729 

1.08 

1.39

1.31

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.06 

.59 

.74 

4.78 

4.06 

1.35 

.67 

.47 

.42 

.84 

' 1.20 

1.60

17.78

MERRIMAC RIVER BASIN.

PEMIGEWASSET RIVER AT PLYMOUTH, N. H.

Location. In the town of Plymouth, about 40 feet above the covered wooden highway bridge three-fourths of a mile below the mouth of Bakers River.

Records available. 1886 to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 615 square miles.

Gages. Two gages have been maintained at this station. From September 4, 1903, 

to June 30, 1907, readings were taken with the chain gage established by the 

United States Geological Survey on the upstream side of the bridge; the datum 

of this gage has remained the same during the maintenance of the station. Since 

June 30, 1907, gage heights have been furnished by the Locks & Canals Co., 

of Lowell, Mass., from readings taken on the staff gage, the low and medium 

stage sections of which are about 40 feet above the bridge and on the same side of 

the river as the chain gage. The high-stage section is bolted to the upstream side 

of the right abutment. The datum of this gage is 1.11 feet higher than that of the 

chain gage. All gage readings prior to 1910 were reduced to chain gage datum. 

At low stages the difference in readings between the Wo gages is 1.11 feet; at 8.1 

feet on the staff gage the difference is 0.99 feet. Owing to the slight difference 

in the relation of stage to discharge at the locations of the two gages and to the 

fact that gage readings are now taken on the staff gage, it is considered advisable 

to publish all gage heights beginning with 1910 exactly as received from the 

Locks & Canals Co., namely as referred to the staff gage datum.

Channel. Rocky and probably fairly permanent in the right channel; fine gravel, 

shifting occasionally at times of high floods, in the left channel.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge at ordinary and high stages. 

At low stages the right channel is measured from the bridge and the left channel 

by wading.

Artificial control. The nearest dam upstream is at the pulp mills at Livermore 

Falls, 3 miles above. Downstream the nearest dam is at Franklin, 25 miles 

distant. The control of the flow at Livermore Falls and also at the dam at Woodstock, 17 miles lipstream, affects the low-water discharge.

Winter flow. Affected by ice, which forms on the control about 300 feet below the 

bridge. Discharge from sewer entering a short distance above the gage usually 

keeps the river open on right bank near the fetaff gage.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST.

Accuracy. Estimates of discharge covering the period from 1886-1903 were made 

and published in Water-Supply 124, pages 97-101. At the time these estimates were published it was believed that conditions of flow were stable, but 

two quite radical changes have since occurred, one in 1905 and one in 1910, the 

discharge at a stage of 1.2 feet (chain gage) having varied as follows: 1904, discharge 110 second-feet; 1905, discharge 158 second-feet; 1910, discharge 213 

second-feet. Hence, these earlier estimates of discharge should be used with 

caution for low stages, although they are probably essentially correct for medium 

and high stages. For the-period since 1903 good discharge rating curves have 

been developed. Conditions for obtaining accurate discharge data are good, 

except at low stages, when the control of the flow at Livermore Falls affects the 

accuracy of the computed values of daily discharge.

Cooperation. Established in 1903 in cooperation with the New Hampshire Forestry 

Commission. Gage heights since June 30,1907, furnished by the Locks & Canals 

Co., of Lowell, Mass.

Discharge measurements of Pemigewasset River at Plymouth, N. H., in 1911.

Date.

Apr. 27

May 23

July 3

Hydrographer.

C. C. Covert..............................................................

.....do....................................................................

H. H. Halsey.... :........................................................

Gage 

height."

Feet, i nfi

2.50

.68

J2.82

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

6; 760

880

<u

1,350

Gage heights refer to chain gage.

f Pemigewasset River at 

[Frank Morton, observer.]

I Daily gage height, in feet, of Pemigewasset River at Plymouth, N. M.,for 1911.

Day.

1...............

2.. .............

3...............

^.. ............. 

5.. .............

6...............

7...............

8............... 

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

IS

1Q

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

26. ..............

26............... 

27.....----..-.-.

28.....-....--...

90

30.....-...---...

31..-...----.....

Jan.

2.6

2.8

6.2 

3.2

3.6

3.5 ""3." 6"

2.8

2.6

2.4 

2.3

2.1

1.8

2.0

1.8

2.8

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.5

1.5 

1.9

2.0

2.0

2.2

Feb.

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.1

2.1

1.9

1.9 

1.8

1.8

1.7

'"i'.7"

1.6

2.2

2.2

2.1 

2.0

1.8

2.1

2.2

1.9

1.9

1.8

""i.'s"

1.7

Mar.

2.0

2.0

2.1

2.2

1.9

2.0

2.2 

2.4

2.1

1.8 ""i.'e"

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.8 

1.8

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.2.

2.1

""2." 5~

3.0

6.2

6.0

5.8

Apr.

4.7

3.2 

3.1

2.0

3.8

6.5

6.4

4.7

5.5 

5.7

6.8

9.1

4.6 

3.5

3.8

4.7

4.1

3.4

5.5

6.4 

7.0

7.8

8.5

May.

8.0

8.9

6.1

4.4 

3.5

2.8

3.8 

3.7

3.6

3.2

3.2 

2.9

2.3

2.2

2.0

1.8

1 S

1.6

1.4

1.25

1.15

1.35

1.6 

1.4

1.1

1.0

June.

2.8

2.1

1.4 "To"

.9

.9

.85. 

.85

.75

.65 

1.4

1.6

1.8

1.4

1.15

1.0

.85

.85

.75

.75

.75

.65 

.6

.6

.5

.42

July.

0.24

- .04 

- .17

- .22

- .17

- .20

+ .03

- .14

+ .16 

- .50

- .43

- .41

- .0* 

1.0

.4

.38

.31

........

- .06

.19 

- .36

- .26

.75

1.0

Aug.

0.5

.85

.4

.38 

04

- .ii

.33

.11

- .09

.10

.5

.27

- :21

.17

.4

.27

9Q

.55

.38

.25

.23

.07

- .09

- .07

2.2

1.35

.9

Sept.

0.2S

.33

.35 

.30

.38

1.55

1.0

.8

.95

.7 

.75

.6

.5

2.0 "i'.ob'

.7

.6

.6

.55

1.0

1.6

.65

.95

.S5

.8

.8

1.1

Oct.

1.35

1.4

1.75 

3.7

2.6

1.9

"i."45"

1.2

1.2

1.05 

.9

.8

.6

.5 

1.05

4.8

3.2

2.4

3.3

3.1

2.2

1.8 

1.85

1.55

1.25

1.25

Nov.

1.6

1.55

1.35

1.25

1.1

1.55

2.3

1.8

1.55

1.5 "i.'i"

1.9

1.7

1.6

1.4 

1.55

i.8

1.6

1.5

1.25

1.1

1.2

"i."i5~

1.2

3.2

2.6

Dec.

2.1

1.7

1.15 

1.0

1.4

1.55

1.35

1.2

1.56

2.0 

3.7

3.0

2.3

2.0 "i.T

1.35

1.25

1.35

1.45

4.4

5.0

3.1

2.3 

2.0

1.65

1.4

1.65

NOTE. Relation of gage heights to discharge affected by ice from Jan. 1 to about Mar. 26. Probably 

no effect during December.

48521° WSP 301 12 6
82 SX7KFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I,

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pemigewasset River at Plymouth, N. H.,for 1911.

Day.

1........ ...........

2...................

3...................

4...................

5...................

6...................

7...................

8...................

9...................

10. ..................

11...................

12...................

13...................

14...................

15...................

16...................

17...................

18...................

19...................

20...................

21............... .

22. .................

23...................

24..... .........

25..............

26...................

27...................

28.................

29. ..................

30...................

31.............. .

Mar.

1,920

2 440 T'OOO

6,660

6,320

Apr.

4,610

3,140

2,660

. 2,560

i 4dft

3,38»

7,530

6,600

5,680

4,610

5,840

6,160

8,070 1 9 firm.

8,540

4,470

3,020

3

qQrt

4,610

3,140

3 7ftfl

3,340

9 Qnn

5 g^o

7

0 CA

8,450

9 7QH

11,400 in win

May.

10 400

12,200

6,830

4,190

3,020

9 oon

2,800

3,380

3,260

3,140

2 fifin

2,340

2 ADA

1,720

1,620

1 440

1,260

1,260

1,100

1,020

945

00 K

908

1,100

QAK

Qqo

730

665

600

June.

2

OOfl

1,530

945

805

665

600

600

V7(\

<V7(\

510

481

452

945

1,100

I

OflA

QJC

765

715

665 1=70

570

510

510

510

4S1

452

425

425

375

sao

July.

Q1K

9on

265

176

144

133

144 107

163

1QQ

151

000

on

09

95

1QO

lOO

665

600

qqn

qoo

292

97n

247

170

247

105

194

510

KOQ

665

Aug.

375

K7f|

qqn

198

17ft

158

301

219

163

Q7K

qoo

977

ioe

240

OOrt

977

284

q^o

400

qoo

9AQ

26f

OIV7

163 ' 166

168

1,620

QAfi

600

Sept.

oon

301

305

^no

OSfi

qoo

1 060

665 sin

CQJ3

OOO

480

510

425

O7C

1 440

1,070

698

480

425

425

400

665

1,100

452

632

632

540

540

Tqn

Oct.

S1Q

one

945

1,220

S

oftrt

2,020

1,350

1,170

QQO

sfin

CrtA

698 fiAft

K>m

482

425

330

fiQft

4 7fin

2,660

1,820

2,300

2,780

2 Kftn

1,620

1,260

1,310

1 060

948

835

835

Nov.

1,100

1 060

908

835 700

73n

1 060

1,720

1 260

1 060

1,020

1,140

1 Ofifi

1,350

1 1 an

1,100

945

1,060

1,160

1,260

1,100*

1,020

835

730

800

782

765

800

2,660

2,020

Dec.

1,530

1,180

Q79

765

(UK

1 'ona 060

onA

930

1,060

1 440

3 9flA

2 440

1 7on

1 440

1^160

S7fi

~Qftft

835

QAQ

Q&9

4,190

5,060

2,560

1,720

1 440

1,140

945

1 140

1^000

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a rating curve well denned between 200 and 15,000 secondfeet. 

Discharge interpolated for days when gage was not read.

Monthly discharge of Pemigewasset River at Plymouth, N. H., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 615 square miles.]

Month.

April....................................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

7,000

12,600 

12,200 

2,230 

665 

1,620 

1,440 

4,760 

2,660 

5,060

12,600

Minimum.

1,440 

600 

339 

80 

135 

280 

330 

730 

665

80

Mean.

525 

325 

1,100 

5,660 

2,540 

717 

260 

345 

577 

1,380 

1,120 

1,480

1,340

Per

square 

mile.

0.854 

.528 

1.79 

9.20 

4.13 

1.17 

.423 

.561 

.938 

2.24 

1.82 

2.41

2.18

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.98 

.55 

2.06 

10.26 

4.76 

1.30 

.49 

.65 

1.05 

2.58 

2.03 

2.78

29.49

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

D. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B.

NOTE. Discharge for the period during which ice was present estimated by means of climatologic records 

and the discharge at Garvins Falls. Mean discharge Mar. 1-26, estimated, 380 second-feet.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 83

MEBBIMAC RIVER AT FRANKLIN JUNCTION, N. H.

Location. At covered wooden bridge of the Boston & Maine Railroad near Franklin 

Junction, N. H., about 1 mile below the confluence of Pemigewasset and Winnepesaukee rivers.

Records available. July 8, 1903, to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 1,460 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain fastened to floor of bridge on upstream side over the righthand channel. A gage painted on the downstream right-hand side of the center 

pier is used by the United States Weather Bureau for high-water readings.

Channel. Coarse gravel and bowlders; fairly permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from upstream side of the bridge.

Winter flow. Ice usually affects the relation between gage height and discharge 

for short periods during the winter months.

Artificial control. Several dams above the station on both Pemigewasset and 

Winnepesaukee rivers affect the discharge. The operation of the mills above 

the station causes more or less fluctuation in stage each working day. It is not 

known how much this affects the reliability of the records. Winnepesaukee, 

Squam, and New Found lakes also offer opportunities for storage and are under 

more or less regulation.

Accuracy. During open-water periods the results are believed to be fairly good.

Cooperation. All of the data published by the United States Geological Survey 

are based on readings from chain gage which have been furnished by the Locks 

& Canals Co., of Lowell, Mass., since June 30, 1907.

The following discharge measurement was made by C. S. De Golyer: 

April 27, 1911: Gage height, 9.50 feet; discharge, 11,500 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Merrimac River at Franklin Junction, N. H.,for 1911.

Day.

I...............

2.. .............

4...............

5............... 

6...............

7...............

8................

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23............... 

24............... 

25...............

26...............

27............... 

28...............

29............... 

30...............

31...............

Jan.

4.32 

4.52

4.55

4.45 

4.35

4.85

5.2

5.05

4.98

4.92

4.85

4.78

4.72

4.55

4.5

4.52

4.45

4.42*

4.32

4.28 

4.2

4.18

4.28 

4.2

"4." 28"

4.45

Feb.

4.45

4.35

4.55

4.48

4.45

4.9

5.32

4.02

3.92

4.12

4.35

4.35

4.22

4.25

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.22 

4.2

Mar.

4.05

4.02 

4.02

3.95

4.02

4.02

3.95

4.02

3.92

3.85

3.95

4.0

3.92

1 Q

3.88

3 QS

4 05

3.98

4.0

4.02 

4.02 

4.12

4.3

4.72

6.25 

6.88

Apr.

"6."25~

5.5

5.22 

5.35

6.05

6.75

6.8

6.68

6.58

6.95

8.1

10.25

8.55

7.65

7.15

7.7

7.42

7.28

"6."92"

7.75

8.65

9.18 

9.78

10.35

May.

10.2

11.05

9.8

7.55

6.42 

6.28

6.22

6.4

6.48

6.25

6.18

5.92

5.78

5.65

5.4

5.18

4.95

4.92

4.82

4.78 

4.62 

4.62

4.68

4.7

4.62 

4.05

3.7

June.

4.12

5.2 

5.15

4.88 

4.5

4.38

4.22

4.02

412

4.65

4.18 

4.15

4.02

4.0

4.1

4.02 

4.0

July.

4.02

3 on

3.85

3.92 

4.0

3.82

3.8

3.78

3.75

3.8

3.78

3.8

3.78

3.8

3.82

3.92

4

flC

4.0

4.02

"3." 98" 

3.88

3.9

3.9

3 Q

4.05

4.15

Aug.

4.22

4.18 

4 05

4 05

4.02

3.95

3.98

4.0

3.95

4.0

3.95

3.98

3.9

3

QO

3.98

4 05

3.98

4.02

4.02

3.92 

3.95 

3.92

3.9 "s.'ss"

3.98 

4.78

4.4

Sept.

4.38

4.28

4.18

4.05 

4.1

4.8

4.58

4.42

4.38

4.35

4.32

4.28

4.3

4.55

4.5

4.4

4.38

4.32

4.3

4.28 

"4."25" 

4.28

4.2 

4.18

- 4.22 

4.28

Oct.

4.32 

4.35

4.7

6.1 

6.08

5.35

4.95

4.82

47?;

4.58

4.45

4.42

4.38

4.32

4.52

5.7

6.78

6.3

4.78 

6.58 

6.35

6.28

5.92

5

OQ

"4." 9S"

4

QQ

Nov.

4.72

4.72 

4.85

4.88

4.78

4.92

5.75

5.48

5.28

5.32

5.75

5.6

5.4

5.12

5.08

5.02

5 2

5.08

4.95

4.82 

4.75 

4.82

4.75 

4.75

5.08 

5.02

Dec.

4.98

4.82

4.82

4.5 

4.52

4.42

4.45

4.38

4.68

5.0

6.22

6.0

6.05

5.35

5.1

4 no

4.92

5.05

6.0

6.08

5.85 

5.75

4.65 

4.48

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from about Jan. 5 to Feb. 28 and possibly 

during March. 

It is not known whether readings were to water surface or to top of ice.
84 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimac River at Franklin Junction, N. H.,for 1911.

Day.

1...........

2...........

3...........

4...........

5...........

6. ......./..

7...........

8...........

10...........

11...........

12...........

13...........

14...........

15...........

16...........

17...........

18...........

19...........

20...........

21...........

22...........

23...........

24...........

25...........

OC

27...........

28...........

29...........

30...........

31...........

Jan.

1,460

1,450

1,710

1,740

Mar.

1,120

1,080

1,080

1,000

1,040

1,080

' 1,080

1,000

1,080

972

900

950

1,000

1,060

972

950~

930

1,040

1,080

1,120

1,040

1,060

1,080

1,080

1,200

1,310

1,420

1,980

4,450

5,610

8,000

Apr.

7 000

5,000

4,450

3,160

2,710

2,920

4,090

5,360

7,000

5,460

5,230

5,040

5 74ft

8,000

12,400

12,000

Q QAO

7,100

6,120

7,200

6,640

6,370

6,030

5,690

7 300

9 inn

10,200

11,400

12,600

13,000

May.

12,300

14,100

11,500

6,900

4,760

4,500

4,450

4,400

4,720

4,860

4,450

4,320

3,860

3,740

3,630

3,400

S ftflft

2,650

2,300

2

0AA

2,190

2,120

2,060

1,840

1 840

1,920

1,950

1,900

1,840

1,120

750

June.

1,200

2,680

2,600

2,400

2,200

1,680

1,520

1,320

1 080

1,200

1,420

1,650

1,880

1,900

2,100

2,300

1,700

1,400

1,600

1,700

1,600

1,500

1,280

1,240

1,160

1,080

1,060

1,180

1,080

1 

' 060

July.

1.080

1,060

1,040

900

972

1,060

870

850

840

830

800

850

830

850

830

840

850

870

972

1,160

1,060

1,080

1,060

1,040

930

950

950

950

1,120

1,180

1,240

Aug.

1,320

1,280

1,120

1,120

1,080

1,040

1,000

1,040

1,060

1,000

1,060

1,000

1,020

1,040

950

972

1,040

1,120

1,040

1,060

1,080

1,080

972

1,000

972

950

940

930

1,040

2,060

1,550

Sept.

1,520

1,400

1,340

1,280

1,120

1,180

2,090

1,780

1,580

1,550

1,520

1,480

1,450

1,400

1,420

1,740

1,710

1,680

1,550

1,520

1,450

1,420

1,400

1,380

1,360

1,400

1,300

1,280

1,320

1,400

Oct.

1,420

1,450

1,480

1,950

4,180

4,140

2,920

2,960

2,300

2,120

1,980

1,780

1,620

1,580

1,550

1,520

1,450

1,710

3,490

5,420

4,540

3,300

2,060

5,040

4,630

4,500

3,860

2,970

2,980

2,300

2,200

Nov.

1,980

1,980

2,160

2,200

2,130

2,06Q

2,260

3,580

3,130

2 810

2,870

3,220

3,580

3,320

3,000

2,560

2,500

2,410

2,540

2,680

2,500

2,300

2,120

2,020

2,120

2,070

2,020

2,020

2,500

2,410

Dec.

2,350

2,12Q

2,120

2,120

1,680

1,710

1,580

1,620

1,520

1,720

1,920

2,380

4,400

4,000

4,090

2,920

2,790

2,660

2,530

2,260

2,260

2,460

4,000

4,150

4,300

4,140

3,740

3,580

1,880

1,650

1,500

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a fairly well-defined discharge rating curve.

Discharge interpolated for days when gage was not read except Mar. 31, Apr. 1, 2, 9,16, 30, June 14-22, 

Oct. 8,29, and Dec. 24,25, and 31, for which discharge was estimated by means of the discharge at Garvins 

Falls.

There may have been some ice present during March, but comparisons with the other stations in the 

Merrimac basin indicate that th* discharge during March was not aflected.

Monthly discharge of Merrimac River at Franklin Junction, N. H.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,460 square miles.]

Month.

April...................................

May....................................

July....................................

Drainage in second-feet.

Maximum.

8,000 

13,000 

14,100 

2,680 

1,240 

2,060 

2,090 

5,420 

3,580 

4,400

14,100

Minimum.

900 

2,710 

750 

1,060 

800 

930 

1,120 

1,420 

1,980 

1,500

750

Mean.

1,420 

1,000 

1,570 

7,110 

4,050 

1,590 

965 

1,090 

1,470 

2,750 

2,500 

2,650

2,350

Per 

square 

mile.

0.973 

.685 

1.08 

4.87 

2.77 

1.09 

.661 

-.747 

1.01 

1.88 

1.71 

1.82

1.61

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.12 

.71 

1.24

5.43 

3.19 

1.22 

.76 

.86 

1.13 

2.17 

1.91 

2.10

21.84

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

NOTE. Discharge for the periods during which ice was present estimated from the discharge record at 

Garvins Falls and on climatologic records.

The accuracy is marked low because there is reason to believe that the daily gage readings by the observer 

from whjcli the discharge was derived were not good.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 85 

MEBBIMAC RIVER AT GARVINS FALLS, N. H.

Location. At the dam of the Manchester Traction, Light & Power Co., 4 miles below 

Concord, N. H. The Garvins Falls plant is one of a system including three waterpower plants and one steam-power plant operated by this company. The Garvins 

Falls site, one of the best on Merrimac River, has been utilized since 1815, first 

' in connection with Old Bow Canal and later to furnish power for a pulp mill.

Records available. 1904 to 1911.

Drainage area. 2,340 square miles.

Dam. During 1903-4 an overfall dam of the ogee type, somewhat similar in cross 

section to the dam at Holyoke, was completed. This dam is 550 feet long between 

abutments, and about 800 feet over all, including the head gates, and is of stone 

masonry, substantially built. The new dam and head gates are situated about 

800 feet downstream from the old dam, which was destroyed on the completion 

of the new structure.

Canal and wasteways. A canal has been completed which is about 500 feet long 

and 74 feet wide at the water line; in the sides of this canal wasteways are provided, one 90 feet long at elevation 102 feet (the main crest of the dam being taken 

as elevation 100) and another 45 feet long at elevation 103. A waste gate, 10 feet 

wide and capable of being lowered to elevation 93, is also provided for use in 

floating out any obstructions which lodge against the racks.

Turbines. There are six triplex turbines, of somewhat more than 1,000 horsepower 

each, and one small duplex turbine of 75 horsepower used in running exciters; 

each large unit has three 39-inch runners mounted on a horizontal shaft which 

revolves at 180 revolutions a minute. Two of the wheels in each set discharge 

through a common T center and draft tube near the fore bay wall. The third 

wheel is set opposite a quarter turn at the downstream end of the casing and 

discharges through this quarter turn into a smaller draft tube. The top of the 

penstock opening is at elevation 95.5; the lower ends of the draft tubes are horizontal and are about 2 feet below the elevation of usual tail water. The gates 

for the runners are of the plain cylindrical pattern, without fingers, and are controlled by governors. The average head on the wheels is about 29 feet and 

there are six 650-kilowatt 3-phase generators directly connected with the turbines.

Utilization of power. The power developed is transmitted at 12,000 volts tension 

to Manchester, about 14 miles away, where it enters a substation and is transformed 

to a lower voltage and utilized through a distributing switchboard for light and 

power.

Computations of discharge. Careful records of the pond and tail race levels, 

wheel openings, etc., have been kept by the company since completion of the 

dam in 1904 and have been furnished for computations of flow by J. Brodie Smith, 

manager. The original records fo'r 1911 have been furnished by Hollis French 

and Alien Hubbard, consulting engineers for the power company. By means of 

these records computations of daily discharge were made by engineers of the 

United States Geological Survey. A number of current-meter measurements 

have been made from time to time by engineers of the United States Geological 

Survey for the purpose of rating turbines and to assist in computing the flow over 

the dam.

Winter flow. The flow over the dam is somewhat affected by ice during the winter.

Accuracy. Conditions at this station favor accurate determinations of discharge.
86 SURFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimac River at Garvins Falls, N. H.,for 1911.

Day.

1...............

2...............

3.... ...........

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9. ..............

10. ..............

11...............

12. ..............

13.. ....A.......

14. ..............

15...............

16. ..............

17. ..............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23. ..............

24...............

25...............

26. ..............

27...............

28...............

29. .......'....... 

30............... 

31.. ............

Jan.

1 860

1,940

2 200

2 craft

5,100

4

7JA

3,600

2,660

2 i;on

2,520

2,300

2,140

1 980

2' 030

i con.

1,900

1,620

i 400

1,550

1,380

1,440

1 260

1,490

1,370

i ifin

1,470

1,410

1,470

1,810 

1,910 

1,560

Feb.

1,420

1,600

1 son

1 ^^ft

1,620

1,210

1,360

1,400

1 CAA

1 ^fift

1 QAA

1,520

1,250

1,220

1,110

1,220

1,110

Qfil

1,530

1,230

1,140

1,310

1,300

OQR

1,020

1 260

1^560

Mar.

1,290

1,370

1,450

1 300

1^200

1 240

l'220

1,260

1,180

1,230

1,090

705

1,330

1,320

1,650

2,640

2

AOA

1 QJA

1,870

1,780

1 70n

1,770

i snn

1,720

1,730

1,390

2 1ftft

5,160

7,710 

10,900 

10,800

Apr.

8,740

6,510

5,170

4,430

s osn

4,100

7,250

12,000

14,400

11,700

9,710

9,180

8 SI ft

W QAA

1Q CAA

1O QAA

11,900

9

Q1 A

9,580

10,100

9 440

8 790

 7, 520

8

10A

10,300

11,200

12,000

13,600 

14,000

May.

13,300

13,200

14 900

9,800

7,250

5,760

5,210

A. QQfl

5,400

5,580

5,100

4,620

4,530

3

GQA

3 4Qft

3

10A,

3,080

2 OCA

2

7QA

2,500

2

OOA

2 OCA

2,280

2,140

2 340

2^520

2

OQA

2,100 

1,860 

1,920

June.

1,600

2,150

2,690

1,200

1,700

2,040

2,060

2,250

2,340

2,210

1,800

2,300

2,230

2,340

2,590

2,780

2,170

1,870

2,000

2,060

2,000

1,830

1,800

1,540

915

1,730

1,650

1 450

1,550 

1,450

July.

1,280

984

865

718

903

778

891

797

618

1,010

972

823

1,070

1,120

895

482

1,070

1,080

1,200

1,830

1,240

953

822

1,020

1,190

1,100

i sin

1,5SO

1,500 

1,090 

2,440

Aug.

2,010

1,610

1,270

1,220

962

7Q1

1,160

1,170

1,190

1,190

1,240

970

715

1,150

1 240

1,230

1,580

1,400

1,240

785

1,040

1,260

1,150

1,220

1,110

1,170

AKA

964

1,190 

1,680 

3,180

Sept.

1,970

1,580

1,160

1,080

1,120

1,480

1,500

1,960

1,650

1,250

1,930

1,WO

1,470

1,600

1 640

1,540

1,620

2,050

1,980

1,630

1,520

1,590

1,460

893

1,730

1,260

1,500

1,830

2,000 

1,750

Oct.

929

2,110

2,140

2,590

3,450

4,360

3,470

2,580

2,640

2,210

2,340

2,270

1,920

1,780

1,170

1,990

1,900

1,870

2,770

8,500

6,610

4,970

4,930

6,260

5,200

4,100

3,330

2,980

2,780 

3,090 

2,890

NOT.

2,760

3,090

2 Q7ft

2,650

2,220

2,490

2,470

3,600

4,380

3,750

3,130

1,630

3,000

3,750

3,770

3,490

3,340

3,050

2,770

4,920

4,420

2,930

3,510

2,250

3,510

3,400

3 QAA

3,290

3,330 

5,920

Dec.

5,600

4,650

A. nsn

3,790

4,300

2,750

2,740

2,630

2,260

2,460

2,410

2,290

2,520

2,720

2,390

2,040

1,370

2,610

2,840

2,530

1,890

2,330

2,280

4,750

3,860

3,020

2 ion

1,010

301 

1,910 

4,010

Monthly discharge of Merrimac River at Garvins Falls, N. H.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 2,340 square miles.]

Month.

April..........................................

May.. ........................................

July.... ......................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

5,100 

1,620 

10,900 

18,900 

14,900 

2,780 

2,440 

3,180 

2,050 

8,500 

5,920 

5,600

18,900

MltiiTTfijm.

1,260

842 

705 

3,980 

1,860 

915 

482 

454 

893 

929 

1,630 

301

301

Mean.

2,100 

1,300 

2,450 

10,000 

4,780 

1,940 

1,090 

1,240 

1,580 

3,230 

3,310 

2,800

2,990

Per 

square 

mile.

0.897 

.556 

1.05 

4.27 

2.04 

.829 

.466 

.530 

.675 

1.38 

1.41 

1.20

1.28

Run-off 

(depth in 

incfies on 

drainage 

area).

1.03

.58 

3.21 

4.76 

2.35 

.92 

.54 

.61 

.75 

1.59 

1.57 

1.38

17.29

MERRIMAC RIVER AT LAWRENCE, .MASS.

Location. At the dam of the Essex Water Power Co, in Lawrence.

Records available. Records of flow of the Merrimac at Lawrence have been, kept

for more than 50 years but have been published only since 1890. 

Diversions. Water is diverted from the drainage basins of Sudbury and Nashua

rivers for use by the Metropolitan district in the vicinity of Boston, but during

a portion of the year water is wasted into the Merrimac at these diversion dams;

consequently the drainage area is somewhat variable.
KORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 87

Drainage area. Square miles. 

Total of Merrimac River drainage basin above Lawrence......... 4,663

Nashua River drainage basin above gaging station at Clinton, 

Mass....................................................... 118

Sudbury River drainage basin, Framingham dam No. 1.......... 75

Cochituate River drainage basin............................... 18

Total of Nashua, Sudbury, and Cochituate river drainage basins.. 211 

Net drainage of Merrimac River, excluding Nashua, Sudbury, and 

Cochituate river basins...................................... 4,452

Computations of discharge. Careful record is kept of the flow over the dam and 

through the various wheels and gates in connection with the sale of power, and 

the quantity measured at Lawrence includes the water wasted into the Merrimac 

from the Sudbury, Nashua, and Cochituate drainage basins. In getting the 

absolute yield of the river this fact should be considered in reference to the 

drainage areas, either by deducting it from the Merrimac flow and using the net 

area and the net flow of the Merrimac, or by getting the total yield of both Sudbury and Nashua rivers with the Merrimac and using the total area. The estimate 

of the quantity wasted from Sudbury and Nashua drainage basins into the Merrimac is based on data furnished by the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board of 

Boston.

Accuracy. Such care Is taken in procuring the base data used and in making computations that the records are regarded as excellent.

Cooperation. Records furnished for publication by R. A. Hale, principal assistant 

engineer of the Essex Water Power Co.

Average weekly discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimac River at Lawrence, Mass., for 1911. 

[Weeks arranged in order of dryness at Lawrence.]

Week ending Sunday.

July 23.. ............... ................................

July 9............. .....................................

Aug. 20................................................

July 30.. ...............................................

Aug. 13................................................

July 16. ................................................

Oct. 1.. ................................................

Sept. 10 ................................................

Sept. 3...........?.....................................

Feb. 19.................................................

Aug. 6.................................................

July 2..................................................

Sept. 17. ...............................................

Feb. 26.................................................

Jan. 29. ................................................

Sept. 24 ................................................

June 25 ................................................

Jan. 22.................................................

Mar. 12..

Feb. 12.................................................

Feb. 5.. ................................................

Oct. 15.................................................

Mar. 5..................................................

Oct. 8..................................................

June 18.... .............................................

May 28.................................................

Nov. 5......... ........................................

Dec. 10.................................................

Merrimac 

Eiver 

at 

Lawrence 

(total 

drainage 

area= 4,663 

square 

miles).

Sec.-ft. 

854 

985 

1,211 

1,268 

1,322 

1,409 

1,558 

1,731 

1,811 

1,859 

1,869 

1,881 

1,922 

1,937 

1,940 

1,989 

2,008 

2,097 

2,217 

2,227 

2,411 

2,572 

2,643 

2,655 

2,701 

2,707 

2,835 

2,924 

2,988 

3,250 

3,683 

3,966

Wasting 

into 

Merrimac 

Eiver 

from 

diverted 

watersheds 

(211 square 

miles).

Sec.-ft. 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

. 7 

4 

3 

6 

8 

6 

5 

6 

17 

28 

4 

5 

19 

9 

18 

28 

6 

10 

4 

14 

4 

9 

36 

9 

6 

15

Net yield of Merrimac 

Eiver from 4,452 

square miles.

Per week.

Sec.-ft. 

848 

979 

1,205 

1,262 

1,316 

1,403 

1,551 

1,727 

1,808 

1,853 

1,861 

1,875 

1,917 

1,931 

1,923 

1,961 

2,004 

2,092 

2,198 

2,218 

2,393 

2,544 

2,637 

2,645 

2,697 

2,693 

2,831 

2,915 

2,952 

3,241 

3,677 

3,951

Per square 

mile.

Sec.-ft. 

0.190 

.220 

.271 

.283 

.296 

.315 

.348 

.388 

.406 

.416 

.418 

.421 

.431 

.434 

.432 

.440 

.450 

.470 

.494 

.498 

.538 

.571 

.592 

.594 

.606 

.605 

.636 

.655 

.663 

.728 

.826 

.887
88 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Average weekly discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimac River at Lawrence, Mass., for

1911 Continued.

Week ending Sunday.

May 21.................................................

NOT. 12................................................

Jan. 8 ..................................................

Mar. 26.................................................

Bee. 17.................................................

Nov. 19. ...............................................

Oct. 22.................................................

Nov. 26................................................

Bee. 24.. ...............................................

Mar. 19.................................................

May 14. ................................................

Oct. 29... ..............................................

Bee. 31.................................................

Apr. 30. ................................................

Apr. 23................................................

Apr. 2..................................................

Apr. 16.................................................

Merrimac 

River 

at 

Lawrence 

(total 

drainage 

area=4,663 

square 

miles).

Sec.-ft. 

4,124 

4,132 

4,159 

4,548 

4,643 

4,857 

4,869 

5,541 

5,770 

5,871 

6,049 

6,162 

6,432 

8,378 

11,904 

11,947 

12,363 

14,164 

14,205 

15,657

225,205

4,331

Wasting 

into 

Merrimac 

River 

from 

diverted 

watersheds 

(211 square 

miles).

Sec.-ft. 

7 

5 

62 

29 

20 

20 

6 

31 

32 

48 

73 

9 

9 

57 

9 

61 

23 

18 

22 

43

. N906

17

Net yield of Merrimac 

River from 4,452 

square miles.

Per week.

Sec.-ft. 

4,117 

4,127 

4,097 

4,519 

4,623 

4,837 

4,863 

5,510 

5,738 

5,823 

5,976 

6,153 

6,423 

8,321 

11,895 

11, 886 

12,340 

14,146 

14,183 

15,614

224,299

4,314

Per square 

mile. ,

Sec.-ft. 

 0.925 

.927 

.920 

1.015 

1.038 

1.086 

1.092 

1.238 

1.289 

1.308 

1.342 

1.382 

1.443 

1.869 

2.672 

2.670 

2.772 

3.177 

3.186 

3.507

50.380

.969

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimac River at Lawrence, Mass., for 1911.

Bay of 

month.

1......... 

2.........

3.........

4.........

5.........

6.........

7......... 

8.........

9.........

10.........

11.........

12.........

13.........

14.........

15.........

16.........

17.........

18. ........

10

20.........

21.........

22.........

23.........

24.........

25.........

26.........

27.........

28.........

29......... 

30......... 

31.........

Jan.

»560 

3,460

3,210

4,127

4,817

5,819

4,356 

03,321

4,831

3,829

3,312

3,107

3,196

2,014

« 629

3,625

2,955

2,500

2,437

2,274

1,558

a 173

1,877

2,319

2,264

2,283

2.195

1,807

ol,081 

3,738 

3,460

Feb.

3,178 

2,952

2,552

1,453

o670

3,461

3,311

2,967

2,705

2,642

1,614

a 177

2,447

2,233

2,237

2,310

2,276

1,402

0181

2,437

2,419

2,385

2,342

2,306

1,539

ales

2,606

3,633

Mar.

3,445 

3,442

3,192

1,982

0658

3,314

2,809 

2,520

2,513

2,483

1,531

a 416

2,536

2,696

5,704

12,451

8,511

5,403

o5,041

6,414

4,626

4,858

4,883

5,023

2,973

«3,058

5,637

10,595

15,824 

17,649 

SO, 918

Apr.

16,615 

«12, 196

10,369

8,330

7,547

7,673

12,968 

17,999

018,741

18,171

15,788

14, 138

13,179

13,513

15,624

<«19,189

80,S89

16,707

13,561

12,687

12,610

12,132

oll,085

10,978

9,992

11,277

12,340

13,568

14,125 

ol4,262

May.

15,424 

14,811

15,431

13,484

10,063

7,667

o6,445 

7,238

6,306

6,553

6,605

6,220

4,965

o5,247

6,507

5,325

4,565

3,702

3,864

2,367

o2,539

4,713

3,323

3,144

3,036

3,261

2,160

o3,110

3,259 

2,297

4,354

June.

3,231 

2,860

1,717

o782

3,312

3,105

2,922

2,880

2,863

1,907

ol,593

3,581

3,132

2,983

4,087

4,551

1 763

o369

2,519

2,722

2,615

2,510

2,346

1,622

o S43

2,437

2,555

2,296

2,294 

1,961

July.

1,414 

o497

894

117

1,401

1,891

1,456 

925

o208

3,637

2,222

1,921

1,740

1,354

931

o!14

1,345

928

851

964

987

804

a 98

1,296

1,441

1,700

1,413

1,897

1,306 

o200 

1,954

Aug.

2,268 

8,460

2,458

2,282

1,559

ol86

1,642 

1,611

1,746

1,749

1,908

1,156

a 51

1,285

1,156

1,552

1,543

1,598

1,138

o206

1,577

1,729

1,687

1,316

1,423

976

ol68

1,538

1,719 

1,850 

1,952

Sept.

2,798 

1,792

ol,361

1,376

3,399

2,328

2,170 

2,103

1,289

'allS

1,876

2,356

2,478

2,651

2,568

1,449

o!82

2,595

2,887

2,618

2,330

2,187

1,274

o!64

1,831

2,108

2,219

2,262

2,162 

1,421

Oct.

a 116 

2,420

2,685

2,747

2,695

3,611

3,374 

02,314

4,529

3,259

3,080

1,349

4,304

2,130

o259

2,964

2,7«1

2,540

2,813

6,325

9,356

07,407

8,308

8,166

8,256

6,747

5,685

4,461

o3,404

5,057 

3,895

Nov.

4,008 

3,836

3,703

2,829

03,463

4,466

3,662 

3,843

4,844

5,344

3,650

o3,118

5,282

4,060

4,603

5,352

5,121

4,486

o5,092

7,476

6,889

6,181

5,539

5,085

4,377

o4,840

6,285

5,388

4,895 

3,902

Dec.

7,756 

5,789

o4,769

5,886

4,860

3,853

4,005 

4,046

8,513

02,596

4,944

4,236

3,953

4,773

5,832

4,402

o4,362

6,637

5,999

5,325

4,664

4,298

3,971

olO,202

13,931

11,878

9,583

8,675

6,260

4, 60S 

o3,709

o Sunday. 

NOTE. Maximum and minimum appear in italics.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 

Monthly discharge of Merrimac River at Lawrence, Mass., for 1911.

89

Month.

March..

April ........................................

May.

July........ .................................

Mean discharge of 

Merrimac 

River at 

Lawrence 

as 

measured 

(total 

drainage 

area, 4,663 

square 

miles).

Sec.-ft. 

2,814 

2,164 

5,584 

13,591 

6,064 

2,462 

1,190 

1,467 

1,942 

4,095 

4,687 

5,752

4,318

Wasting 

into 

Merrimac 

River from 

diverted 

watersheds 

(211 square 

miles).

See.-ft. 

36 

17 

30 

34 

9 

7 

6 

6 

5 

6 

19 

34

17

Average yield of Merrimac Kiver from 

watershed of 4,452 

square miles.

Mean 

discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

2,778 

2,147 

5,554 

13,557 

6,055 

2,455 

1,184 

1,461 

1,937 

4,089 

4,668 

5,718

4,301

Per 

square 

mile.

Sec.-ft. 

0.624 

.482 

1.248 

3.045 

1.360 

.551 

.266 

.328 

.435 

.918 

1.049 

1.284

.966

Run-oft 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage

area).

0.72 

.50 

1.44 

3.39 

1.57 

.61 

.31 

.38 

.49 

1.06 

1.17 

1.48

13.12

LAKE WINNEPESATJKEE AT LAKE PORT, N. H.

The following table, taken from the lake company's gage books, shows the height 

of water in inches above low-water mark at Lakeport, N. H., on the first day of every 

month from the year 1860 to the present time, also the precipitation for each year. 

"0" denotes low water. "44" denotes full lake. "F" lake was full that year. 

"N" not full.

Gage height, in inches, of Lake Winnepesaukee at Lakeport, N. H.,from 1860 to 1911.

[Compiled by Harry W. Daniell, agent for Winnepesaukee Lake Cotton & Woolen Co., and furnished 

through the courtesy of Mr. A. F. Safford.]

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

F

F

N

F

N

F

F

F

N

F

N

F

F

F

N

F

N

F

N

F

Year.

1860. ...........

1861............

1862............

1863............

1864

1865............

1866............

1867............

1868............

1869. ...........

1870............

1871............

1872............

1873............

1874............

1875............

1876............

1877............

1878............

1879............

1880............

1881............

1882. ...........

1883............

1884. ...........

1885.- ...........

1886............

Jan.

14

QC

9Q

07

OQ

3

27

28

36

- 2

21

QQ

35

7

33

3

39

37

22

3

29

0

11

8

31

Feb.

11

9Q

OK

36

34

9fi

2

25

23

OK

38

21

35

3I

OQ

__ Q

40

34

28

- 6

33

14

14

37

Mar.

19

23

24

36

9Q

24

14

Oft

14

^.4

07

- 2

15

26

36

0

07

 9

34

79

34

2

36

- 4

22

17

41

Apr.

24

36

oq

36

36

Q7

23

30

25

97

36

14

10

99

OA

4

36

13

39

79

QQ

14

36

_ a

38

16

40

May.

9O

40

40

42

40

38

71

43

36

40

44

22

79

40

7Q

30

43

28

44

42

44

97

43

16

44

07

41

June.

oc

qc

Af\

40

36

40

34

42

44

Af)

\ 42

31

qo

49

44

38

14

^n

43

43

44

38

44

20

44

QO

43

July.

29

qj.

42

38

32

38

38

42

41

43

7Q

27

49

38

43

40

49

9O

43

44

40

37

43

23

44

38

41

Aug.

Oft

34

OQ

41

oq

35

34

Q7

36

40

qn

26

qw

QW

43

36

qo

?,s

38

40

33

q»7

36

22

36

36

37

Sept.

24

9O

°.4

38

20

18

26

43

32

32

20

21

38

97

' 3637

nt)

27

34

35

19

71

18

15

29

36

29

Oct.

91

Oft

31

73

 iq

26

34

4ft

25

1

15

43

21

31

24

17

14

24

qi

11

22

19

10

14

98

24

Nov.

20

26

Oft

34

11

0

22

31

37

07

0

14

41

9O

23

97

6

21

1Q

1fi

7

16

8

7

24

18

Dec.

20

3ft

39

38

17

1

23

9Q

40

70

1

16

40

7ft

16

71

6

35

22

17

6

la

2

5

28

22

Precipitation.

36.40

49 flfi

43 P11

48.31

36.49

11 11

39.70

7Q 99

41 54

46 61

OQ QQ

4ft 74

48 19

43.16

43.65

44 04

44 92

40.21

41 SB

38.31

45.03

36.96

36.65

41 19

49 Q>>

45.30
90 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Gage height, in inches, of Lake WinnepesauJsee at Laleport, N. H.,from 1860 to 1911 

Continued.

F

F

N

F

F

N

F

F

N

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

N

F

N

F

N

N

N

Year.

1887.. ..........

1888............

1889............

1890............

1891............

1892............

1893............

1894............

1895. ...........

1896. ...........

1897............

1898............

1899............

1900............

1901............

1902. ...........

1903. ...........

1904. ...........

1905. ...........

1906. ...........

1907. ...........

1908. ...........

1909............

1910............

1911............

Jan.

27

29

43

41

si

12

26

22

10

24

30

34

31

5

20

35

44

15

17

24

11 ' 27

0

0

Ql

Feb.

32

30

35

41

42

22

26

22

10

25

S3

so

34

6

17

37

07

14

17

9Q

9

29

2

0

-11*

Mar.

33

30

qq

41

OK

22

97

91

6

so

33

36

34

25

13

37

34

10

14

29

6

32

7

2

-10

Apr.

26

S7

00

43

AO

21

3fi

qq

7

35

37

43

34

32

20

43

A*t

18

24

31

12

39

13

12

- 5*

May.

44

44

41

41

39

24

44

qo

3^

44

44

44

43

\A

44

44

44

43

33

44

25

44

35

22

13j

June.

44

43

41

44

41

34

44

42

35

44

44

44

44

44

44

44

38

44

32

44

.27

44

39

23

14*

July.

44

43

40

43

39

38

40

43

34

42

44

44

40

42

44

44

44

44

30

44

26

42

38

20

13j

Aug.

44

36

37

40

33

34

32

38

30

36

44

39

37

36

44

44

41

40

27

44

20

37

34

11

10i

Sept.

40

31

3fl

36

30

37

28

29

25

29

40

31

29

30

44

43

37

35

33

34

13

29

24

5

6?

Oct.

33

34

26

40

21

32

20

24

19

26

32

25

22

23

37

41

29

32

29

25

14

20

18

3

4?

Nov.

25

An

26

41

14

24

20

17

13

26

25

23

15

18

33

42

23

26

23

20

14

10

8

- 5

4*

Dec.

24

44

30

38

10

29

IS

12

19

31

26

27

9

18

26

40

17

21

21

14

22

3

3

- 9

6

Precipitation.

45.53

55.60

44.25

53.12

42.02

41.99

43.00

31.46

39.64

43.25

49.69

46.47

34.07

50.95

48.09

51.77

41.55

39.02

38.38

37.61

40.77

32.09

37.14

33.73

35.66

SOTJHEGAN RIVER AT MERRIMAC, N. H.

Location. Just above Atherton Falls, about 1J miles above tbe dam of the W. H. 

McElwain Co., below the mouth of Stony Branch, and just above the junction of 

the Souhegan with the Merrimac.

Records available. July 13, 1909, to Dec. 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 168 square miles.

Gages. Vertical staff on the left bank 40 feet above the falls; chain gage attached 

to a tree about 300 feet upstream from the staff gage. All published records are 

referred to the staff gage.

Channel. One at all stages. Not liable to shift.

Discharge measurements. At high stages from bridges above and below the station; at low stages by wading at a section below the gage.

Artificial control. Flow affected by the operation of mills at Milford, about 8 to 

10 miles above, which causes a few hundredths of a foot difference between the 

morning and afternoon readings. In determining the daily discharge, it is 

assumed that the average of these readings gives essentially the true 24-hour 

mean. No information is available regarding night storage at Milford.

Winter flow. The comparatively sharp-crested control at the head of the falls 

immediately below the gage remains relatively free from ice during the winter; 

hence the relation of gage height to discharge is not greatly affected by ice.

Accuracy. Discharge rating curve quite well developed.

Cooperation. Established in cooperation with the W. H. McElwain Co.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 91

Daily gage height, in feet, of Souhegan River at MerrimoG, N. H., for 1911. 

[R. J. Sylvester, observer.]

Day.

1..... .......... 2....:..........

3...............

4...............

5. .............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

2.54

2.66

3.36

3.90

3.22

2.95

2.90

2.90

2.58

2.57

2.60

2.52

2.53

2.50

2.42

2.34

2.30

2.34

2.32

2.39

2.28

2.28

2.30

2.28

2.28

2.58

3.42

3.32 

2.96

2.66

Feb.

2.59

2.60

2.47

2.40

2.46

O KA

2.50

2.52

2.42

2.49

2.50

2.49

2.57

2.40

2.33

2.34

2.42

2.42

2.48

2.46

2.41

2.42

2.36

2.41

2.38

2.40

2.60

3.31

Mar.

3.28

2.99

2.62

2.52

2.52

2.48

2.44

2.46

2.42

2.50

2.50

2.51

2.53

2.65

3.50

4.90

3.55

3.35

3.34

2.96

3.31

3.29

3.55

3.50

2.85

2.51

3.44

6.50

5.10 

5.40

5.10

Apr.

4.10

3.22

3.06

3.14

3.02

3.19

5.80

4.80

3.95

3.60

3.70

3.55

3.80

3.85

4.25

4.15

3.80

3.65

3.47

3.45

3.42

3.39

3.16

3.23

3.19

3.13

3.15

3.05

2.99 

3.03

May.

3.11

Sill

3.15

3.11

3.06

2.97

2.77

2.75

2.77

2.77

2.74

2.65

2.72

2.73

2.65

2.61

2.59

2.55

2.72

2.51

2.53

2.43

2.53

2.60

2.87

2.85

2.61

2.61 

2.49

2.46

June.

2.39

2.45

2.52

2.37

2.33

9 ^f(

2.99

3.50

2.95

2.71

2.55

2.55

3.11

3.35

3.30

2.99

2.55

2.67

2.67

2.65

2.51

2.47

2.43

2.44

2.43

2.45

2.35

2.26

2.35 

2.34

July.

2.33

2.41

2.42

2.30

2.17

2.17

2.19

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.14

2.11

2.07

2.03

1.99

1.93

2.04

2.03

2.03

2.03

2.03

2.02

2.04

1.99

2.07

2.01

2.01

2.09

2.21 

2.47

2.43

Aug.

2.43

2.35

2.29

2.35

2.30

2.27

2.17

2.15

2.14

2.13

2.11

2.10

2.05

2.05

2.01

2.00

2.01

2.01

1.99

1.97

1.99

2.02

1.99

2.19

2.17

2.23

2.17

2.27

2.36 

2.50

2.60

Sept.

2.65

2.66

2.50

2.40

2.23

2.43

2.40

2.33

2.37

2.43

2.23

2.50

2.33

2.25

2.45

2.37

2.33-

2.25

2.35

2.33

2.36

2.32

2.34

2.27

2.22

2.11

2.09

2.16

2.24 

2 28

Oct.

2.29

2.32

2.55

2.59

2.66

2.71

2.67

2.70

2.73

2.70

2.67

2.51

2.51

2.29

2.27

1.92

2.53

4.00

4.60

3.75

3.95

4.35

4.15

3.55

3.33

3.24

3.13

3.10 

3.05

2.99

Nov.

2.97

3.00

2.95

2.93

2.90

2.89

3.09

3.17

3.23

3.15

3.07

2.96

2.93

3.07

3.09

3.44

3.35

3.35

4.20

3.80

3.55

3.43

3.24

3.27

3.31

3.37

3.35

3.37 

3.29

Dec.

3.19

3.17

3.21

3.18

3.18

3.01

3.04

2.93

3.21

2.88

2.85

2.94

2.97

2.94

2.95

3.07

3.55

4.10

3.55

3.50

3.23

3.21

3.17

5.20

4.25

4.05

3.95

3.80

3.44

3.65

NOTE. Gage heights at this station may be somewhat in error as a result of mill control at Milford, 

about 8 or 10 miles upstream. Ice existed from Jan. 1 to about Mar. 15 and Dec. 30 and 31. It is not 

known whether gage heights were to water surface or to the top of the. ice.

Readings were made on the staff gage from Jan. 1 to Apr. 11. From Apr. 12 to Dec. 31 they were made 

with the chain gage, which is located about 300 feet upstream from the staff gage. Gage readings for the 

latter period were reduced to the staff-gage datum by correction for difference in datum and slope between 

the two gages. Since both gages are located in a long deep pool, the slope is very slight, being only 0.03 

foot at a gage height of about 3.5 feet, and probably remaining nearly constant at all stages.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofSouhegan River at Merrimae, N. H.,for 1911.

Day.

1....... ........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

Jan.

80

105

360

625

300

190

475

160

120

80

80

85

65

65

60

50

40

35

35

35

Feb.

85

85

60

50

60

50

404«;

35

40

40

40

40

35

30

25

35

35

35

30

Mar.

290

160

70

55

50

45

40

40

35

50

50

55

60

90

425

1,320

472

378

373

216

Apr.

770

320

253

286

238

307

2 040

l'240 '682

496

K4.fi

472

599

626

862

800

599

521

433

424

May.

273

273

290

273

253

219

152

149

146

152

152

143

118

137

140

118

108

103

94

137

June.

62

74

87

60

54

56

226

447

212

134

94

94

273

378

355

226

94

123

123

118

July.

54

66

68

49

34

34

36

32

32

32

32

29

26

23

20

17

24

23

23

23

Aug.

70

56

48

56

49

45

34

32

32

31

29

28

24

24

22

21

22

22

20

19

Sept.

118

121

83

64

41

70

64

54

60

70

41

83

54

43

74

60

54

43

56

54

Oct.

48

52

94

103

121

134

123

131

140

131

123

123

85

85

48

45

16

90

710

1,1001

Nov.

219

230

212

205

194

191

265

298

324

290

257

216

205

257

265

419

378

378

830

599

Dec.

307

298

315

303

303

234

246

205

315

187

178

208

219

208

212

257

472

770

472

447
92 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Souhegan River at Merrimac, N. 3., for 1911 Contd.

Day.

21...............

22...............

23

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

45

35

30

30

35

'85 35

370

330

180

inn

Feb.

30

25

25

25

25

25

75

300

Mar.

360

351

472

447

178

85

419

2,670

1,470

1,710

1,470

Apr.

409

396

9<U

324

307

282

290

250

226

242

.May.

85

90

70

90

105

184

178

108

108

81

75

June.

85

77

70

72

70

74

56

44

56

55

July.

23

22

24

20

26

22

22

27

38

77

70

Aug.

20

22

20

36

34

41

34

45

58

83

105

Sept.

58

52

55

45

39

29

27

33

42

47

Oct.

572

682

928

800

472

368

329

282

269

250

226

Nov.

472

414

329

342

360

386

382

378

386

351

Dec.

324

315

298

1,550

862

740

682

599

419

350

300

NOTE. Discharge during the open-water periods determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve. 

Discharge Jan. 1 to Mar. 15 has been corrected by discharges equivalent to a gage-height difference of 

from 0.05 to 0.3 foot. Use has also been made of climatologic records in making these corrections. Discharge Jan. 9 and Nov. 27 interpolated. Discharge Dec. 30 and 31 estimated.

Monthly discharge of Souhegan River at Memmac, N. H.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 168 square miles.]

Month.

March... ................................

May.....................................

July.....................................

August

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,040 

290 

447 

77 

105 

121 

1,100 

830 

1,550

Minimum.

226 

70 

44 

17 

19 

27 

16 

191 

178

Mean.

130 

50.9 

449 

518 

149 

132 

33.8 

38.1 

57.8 

280 

334 

406

216

Per 

square 

mile.

0.774 

.303 

2.67 

3.08 

.887 

.786 

.201 

.227 

.344 

1.67 

1.99 

2.42

1.29

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.89 

.34 

3.08 

3.44 

1.02 

.88 

.23 

.26 

.38 

1.92 

2.22 

-2.79

17.45

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

SOUTH BRANCH OF NASHUA RIVER (WACHUSETT DRAINAGE 

AREA) AT CLINTON, MASS.

Location. At Clinton, Mass.

Records available. July, 1896, to December, 1911.

Drainage area. 118.19 square miles.

Computations of discharge. A large reservoir, storing about 8,500,000,000 cubic 

feet, was constructed at Clinton, Mass., and has stored water since 1903. Beginning with 1897 the estimates of discharge have been corrected for gain and loss of 

storage in reservoirs and mill ponds, so that the results show tke natural flow of 

the stream.

The yield reported per square mile is the yield of the drainage area, including 

the water surfaces. In the Wachusett basin this water surface from the years 1897 

to 1902, inclusive, amounted to 2.2 per cent of the whole area; in 1903, 2.4 per 

cent; in 1904, 3.6 per cent; in 1905, 4.1 per cent; in 1906, 5.1 per cent; in 1907, 6.0 

per cent; and in 1908 and subsequent years, 7.0 per cent.

The accompanying tables give data on discharge and precipitation for 1910, 

also the average for the years 1897-1910, inclusive, precipitation averages being 

based'on records at several stations in the Nashua drainage basin.

Cooperation. Measurements are made and results are furnished by the Metropolitan 

Water and Sewerage Board, Dexter Brackett, chief engineer.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 93

Yield and rainfall in South Branch of Nashua River basin (Wachitsett drainage area) at 

Clinton, Mass., for 1911, and summaries for 1897-1911.

{Drainage area, 118.19 square miles.]

Month.

1911.

Mflrfh

April.........................

May..........................

July..........................

Total 

yield, in 

million

gallons.

2,832.6 

2,067.6 

4,907.6 

4,938.2 

1,687.7 

1,244.3 

207.0 

689.1 

643.2 

2,629.5 

3,668.3 

3,908.0

29,423.1

Average yield per 

square mile.

Million 

gallons 

per day.

0.773 

.625 

1.339 

1.393 

.461 

.351 

.057 

.188 

.181 

.718 

1.035 

1.067

.682

Secondfeet.

1.196 

.967 

2.072 

2.155 

.713 

.543 

.087 

.291 

.281 

1.111 

1.601 

1.650

- 1.055

Rainfall, 

in inches."

2.91 

2.43 

3.79 

2.22 

1.59 

2.37 

2.53 

5.46 

3.04 

5.24 

4.14 

3.01

38.73

Rainfall collectedInches."

1.379 

1.007 

2.389 

2.404 

.822 

.606 

.101 

.335 

.313 

1.280 

1.786 

1.903

14. 325

Per cent. \

47.5 

41.4 

63.0 

108.5 

51.6 

25.5 

4.0 

6.1 

10.3 

24.4 

43.1 

63.2

37.0

SUMMARY.

1897-1911.

April..........................

May...................... ...

July........................ .

66.580.9

71,332.4

147,836.7

114,391.3

63,249.8

43,059.1

22,846.5

23,084.2

20,559.8

30,138.7

44,301.0

69,231.9

716,612.3

1.212

1.430

2.690

2.151

1.151

810

.416

.420

.387

.548

.833

1.260

1.107

1.874

2.213

4. 162

3.327

1.781

1.253

.643

650

.598

.848

1.289

1.949

1.713

3.74

3.90

4.22

3.86

3.31

4 04.

4.11

4.31

3.87

3.46

3.45

4.26

46.53

2.161

2.315

4 7QQ

3.713

2.053

1.398

.741

7J.Q

.667

.978

1.438

9 94.7

90 OCQ

57.7

59.4

113.8

96.1

62.0

34.6

18.1

17.4

17.2

28.2

41.7

52.8

50.0

o For 1911, total for month; 1897-l!911, average of totals per calendar month.

SUDBURY RIVER AT FRAMINGHAM AND LAKE COCHITUATE AT

COCHITUATE, MASS.

Location. On Sudbury River at Framingham and on Lake Cochituate at Cochituate.

Recqrds available. Sudbury River and Lake Cochituate have been studied by the 

engineers of the city of Boston, the State Board of Health of Massachusetts, and 

the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board; records of rainfall have been kept 

in the Sudbury basin since 1875, and in the Cochituate basin since 1852, but the 

latter are considered of doubtful accuracy previous to 1872.

Storage reservoirs. Storage reservoirs have been constructed by the city of 

Boston and the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board controlling the greater 

part of the flow from these basins. Lake Cochituate, which drains into Sudbury 

River a short distance below Framingham, is controlled as a storage reservoir by 

the Metropolitan Waterworks. In the Sudbury River basin the water surfaces 

exposed by evaporation have been increased from time to time by the construction of additional storage reservoirs. From 1875 to 1878, inclusive, the water 

surface amounted to 1.9 per cent of the total area; from 1879 to 1884, to 3.0 per 

cent; 1885 to 1893, to 3.4 per cent; 1894 to 1897, to 3.9'per cent; 1898 and subsequent years, 6.5 per cent,
94 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Determinations of discharge. The recorded yields of both the Sudbury and 

Cochituate drainage areas are somewhat affected by the fact that the towns of 

Framingham, Natick, and Westboro draw public water supplies from within 

the basins and discharge the sewerage outside. Although the quantities diverted 

are taken into consideration in determining the run-off, the results are probably 

less accurate since the seWage diversion works were constructed. 

The public water and sewerage works were installed in these towns as follower

' Water 

supply.

1885

1874

1879

Sewerage 

works.

1889

1896

1892

All the water drawn from the Wachusett drainage area is passed through the 

reservoirs in the Sudbury basin, and as the measurement of these quantities must 

be used in determining the yield of the Sudbury basin, the unavoidable small 

percentages of error in the measurement of large quantities'of water render less 

accurate the figures giving yields of the Sudbury water supply during months of 

low yield for years subsequent to 1897.

Cooperation. Tables of discharge and precipitation are furnished by Dexter Brackett, chief engineer of the Metropolitan Waterworks.

Yield and rainfall in Sudbury River basin at Framingham, Mass., for 1911, and summaries for 1875-1911.

[Drainage area 75.2 square miles.]

Month.

1911

July..........................

Total 

yield, in 

million 

gallons.

1,209.1 

1,474.8 

2,667.9 

.3,216.3 

740.9 

480.1 

-33.3 

47.5 

170.5 

690.1 

1,338.6 

2,117.4

14,119.9

Average yield per 

square mile.

Million 

gallons 

per day.

0.519 

.700 

1.144 

1.426 

.318 

.213 

 .014 

.020 

.076 

.296 

.593 

.908

.514

Secondfeet.

0.802 

1.084 

1.771 

2.206 

.492 

.329 

 .022 

.032 

.117 

.458 

.918 

1.405

.796

Rainfall, 

in inches."

2.88 

2.77 

3.59 

2.81 

1.01 

2.53 

3.19 

4.94 

2.75 

3.69 

4.62 

3.60

38.38

Rainfall collected.

Inches, a

0.925

1.128 

2.042 

2.462 

.567 

.367 

-.025 

.036 

.130 

.528 

1.024 

1.620

10.804

Per cent.

32.1 

40.7 

56.9 

87.4 

56.1 

145 

-.8 

.7 

4.8 

14.3 

. 22.2 

45.0

28.2

SUMMARY.

1875-1911.

April.........................

May.. ........................

July..........................

August.... ....................

104,249.0

136,248.9

94A AQfi A

166,045.5

Q1 991 S

42,316.8

14,287.7

20,793.1

20,525.5

38,753.5

87,599.3

1,029,812.7

1.209

i 7^*;

2 791

1.989

1.05S

507

.166

.241

odfi

449

QrtA

1.016

1.013

1.870

2.685

4

qi 7

3.078

1.636

7Q4

.256

.373

380

CQK

1.243

1.571

1.568

4.14

4.21

4

'*7

3 tin

3 97

3

1 q

3.55

3.88

3

rn

3 Q9

3.86

AK ! >

2.156

9 Sift

4.978

3

AOA

1 SC7

C7K

OQE

4.0A

o/vi

1.387

1.812

91 9Q7

52.1

67.0

113 9

QQ O

57.6

27 9

8

9

11.1

12.1

20.4

36.0

47.6

~ 47.2

w For 1911, total for month; 1875-1911, average of totals for calendar month-
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 95

Yield and rainfall in Lake Cochituate basin at CocMtuate, Mass., for 1911, and summaries

forl 863-1911.

[Drainage area, 17.67 square miles in January, 17.58 square miles after January.]

Month.

1911.

March.........................

AprO.... ........... ...........

May..........................

July..........................

December. ....................

Total yield 

in million 

gallons.

272.0 

373.3 

611.6 

662.4 

88.3 

39.7 

18.3 

171.4 

187.2 

276.8 

364.0 

548.5

3,613.5

Average yield per square 

mile.

Million 

gallons 

per day.

0.497 

.758 

1.122 

1.256 

.162 

.075 

.034 

.315 

.355 

.508 

.690 

1.006

0.563

Secondfeet.

0.768 

1.173 

1.736 

1.943 

.251 

.116 

.052 

.487 

.549 

.786 

1.068 

1.557

0.871

Rainfall in 

inches. <»

2.74 

3.20 

3.31 

2.73 

.65 

2.53 

3.42 

4.82 

2.96 

3.53 

4.28 

3.74

37.91

Kainfall collected.

Inches.o

0.89 

1.22 

2.00 

2.17 

.29 

.13 

.06 

.56 

.61 

.91 

1.19 

1.79

11.82

Per cent.

32.3 

38.2 

60.5 

79.4 

44.5 

5.1 

1.8 

11.6 

20.7 

25.7 

27.8 

46.4

31.2

SUMMARY.

1863-1911.

March... ......................

April........... ..............

May..........................

July..........................

November. ...................

29,655.9

37,359.4

57,269.1

42,981.2

25,134.4

11,853.8

7,411.9

10,610.0

10,814.0

14,545.0

20, 165. 0

9.4, 719 ft

292,512.5

1.105

1.537

2.144

1.663

941

459

97fi

.397

419

.545

.780

not;

O Q9Q,

1.709

2.377

3.317

9 ^73

1.456

.710

49Q

.615

647

.843

1.207

1.432

1 AQQ

3.92

3.97

4.29

3

CQ

3.58

3.05

1 CM

4.18

3.58

4.13

4.05

3.56

AK QQ

1.97

2.50

3.83

9 S27

1.68

79

49

.71

.72

.97

1.35

1.65

19.53

50.2

62.9

89.2

79 9

46 9

26.0

12.6

17.0

20.2

23.5

33.3

48 0

42.6

o For 1911, total for month; 1863-1911, average of totals per calendar month.

BLACKSTONE RIVER BASIN. 

BRANCH RIVER AT BRANCH VILLAGE, R. I.

Location. At Branch Village, just below the mill of James Pitts & Son, threequarters of a mile from Forestdale and about 2 miles from Woonsocket.

Records available. September 2 to December 31, 1909.

Drainage area. 93 square miles.

Gages. Staff, bolted to a ledge about 500 feet below the dam and mill; also a chain 

gage attached to a tree on top of the ledge. Gage heights referred to the staff gage.

Channel. Fairly favorable for accurate measurements.

Discharge measurements. At low and medium "stages made by wading; at high 

stages from the bridge above the dam or from a boat.

Artificial control. Gage heights are affected by the mill control directly above the 

station and also by one farther up the river. The available storage above the 

Pitts Mill is small and water passes over the dam much of the time.

Winter flow. Relation between the gage heights and discharge affected by ice only 

in severe weather,
96 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Accuracy. Accurate computation of the diurnal fluctuation of discharge caused by 

the operation of the mills above the station has been rendered impossible by 

insufficient funds. It is proposed to install an automatic gage to determine the 

relation between the daily gage heights heretofore recorded and the true mean 

gage heights, thus making possible the publication of accurate computations of 

daily discharge from the inception of the station to date. The gage heights for 

1911 are withheld pending this investigation, as no gage heights recorded at this 

station are true indexes of the daily discharge.

Cooperation. Established and maintained in cooperation with the Natural Resources 

Survey of the State of Rhode Island.

WOONASQUATUCKET RIVER BASIN. 

WOONASQTJATTJCKET RIVER AT OLNEYVILLE, R. I.

Location. At the dam at Olneyville near Providence, R. I., in the yards of the Atlantic Mills Co.

Records available. March 16, 1910, to December 31, 1911.

Gage. Staff, bolted to the right abutment of the dam; an auxiliary staff gage is 

nailed to a tree on the right bank in the rips about one-half mile above the dam.

Discharge measurements. No measurements have been made at this station.

Artificial control. The water is not used for power development at the Atlantic 

Mills, but more or less is diverted for use in engine boilers and for other industrial, 

purposes. It is not known whether mills farther up on the river affect the accuracy of the daily gage heights.

Accuracy. Accurate computation of the diurnal fluctuation of discharge caused by 

the operation of the mills above the station has been? rendered impossible by 

insufficient funds. It is proposed to install an automatic gage to determine the 

relation between the daily gage heights heretofore recorded and the true mean 

gage heights, thus making possible the publication of accurate' computations of 

daily discharge from the inception of the station to date. The gage heights for 

1911 are withheld pending this investigation, as no gage heights recorded at this 

station are true indexes of the daily discharge.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the Atlantic Mills Co., by 

which the observations are taken.

PAWTUXET RIVER BASIN.

PAWTTJXET RIVER AT HARRIS, R. I.

Location. At the highway bridge near the Harris railroad station, 6 miles below the 

junction of Moswassecut and Ponaganaset rivers, and 1$ miles above the mouth 

of the South Branch, which enters from the left.

Records available. August 12, 1909, to December 31, 1909. Station discontinued 

June 30, 1911.

Gage. Chain; datum unchanged.

Channel. Gravel; has not shifted.

Discharge measurements. Made from the highway bridge.

Artificial control. The station is located between two mills, each about 2,000 feet 

distant. When the lower mill is running no backwater exists at the bridge; when 

it is shut down backwater is caused. When neither mill is running the flow past 

the gage is simply leakage from the upper dam unless water is flowing over the 

lower dam. The flow through the wheels at the mill above the stations does not 

vary materially through the day except at extreme low stages, when the amount 

of water is insufficient to run the mills the entire day.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 97

Accuracy. Accurate computation of the diurnal fluctuation of discharge caused by 

the operation of the mills above the station has been rendered impossible by 

insufficient funds. It is proposed to install an automatic gage to determine the 

relation between the daily gage heights heretofore recorded and the true mean 

gage heights, thus making possible the publication of accurate computations of 

daily discharge from the inception of the station to date. The gage heights for 

1911 are withheld pending this investigation, as no gage heights recorded at this 

station are true indexes of the daily discharge.

Cooperation. Established by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation 

with the Natural Resources Survey of the State of Rhode Island.

CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN.

CONNECTICUT BIVEB AT OB-FOB-D, N. H.

Location. At covered highway bridge between Orford, N. H. and Fairlee, Vt. 

Approximately 10 miles downstream (by river) from the mouth of Waits River.

Records available. August 6,1900, to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 3,300 square miles.

Gage. Chain attached to the bridge; read once daily; datum unchanged.

Channel. Wide and deep; gravelly bottom; subject to change.

Discharge measurements. Made from the downstream side of the bridge by 

working through the open space near roof.

Artificial control. There are numerous power plants on the tributaries of the Connecticut River and also on the main stream above the station which have a slight 

effect on the variation of the daily discharge. The nearest dam downstream is at 

Wilder, 18 miles below the station. Backwater from this dam is believed to 

reach within a few miles of Orford.

Winter flo-w. The relation of daily gage height to discharge is affected by ice during 

the winter months, usually from the first part of December to the last part of 

March and sometimes well into April.

Accuracy. Discharge rating curve fairly well defined. Open-water estimates considered fairly good. The upper part of the rating curve is defined by measurements made by the vertical velocity curve method and is considered stable. 

Frequent changes in the lower part of the curve have been necessitated during 

recent years by changes in the relation of gage height to discharge. Numerous 

measurements made under ice cover have defined fairly good rating curves for 

use in the periods during which ice existed. Owing to the smooth ice cover 

which forms at this station each year and the freedom from ice jams or needle 

ice, curves developed in earlier years are considered fairly good indexes of discharge in later years.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with several New England power 

companies, which pay for daily gage readings.

Discharge measurements of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H., in 1911.

Date.

Apr. 29

Hydrographer. *

Covert and De Golyer ....................................................

G. H.Canfleld............... ............ .................................

Gage 

height,

Feet. 

18.75

4 9f>.

Discharge.

8ee.-ft, 

34,100

o nan

48521° WSP 301 12 7
98 SUKFACE WATBE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Daily gage height, in/eat, o/ Connecticut Riwf at Orford, N. H.,/or 1911. 

[F. H. Gardner, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2.......-...--..

3...............

4...............

5.......-..--...

6.......--..--..

7......-.---.--.

8...-..--...-...

9...............

10. ......-..---..

11...............

12...............

13......-...-..--

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18. ......-...--..

19...............

20. .......... ^- ..

21...............

22. ..............

23.......-...--..

24. ..............

25...............

26. ..............

27...............

28. ..............

29...............

30...............

31...............

J*a.

6.8

8.1

6.9

6.8

5.7

Feb.

5.7

5.4

4.7

5.4

Mar.

5.2

5.0

5.3

5.6

11.4

11.6

11.3

Apr.

10.7

9.8

9.5

8.8

8 7

8.9

11.4

17.7

16.6

16.6

15.7

15.5

15.8

17.5

18.5

in A

19.0

17.1

15.7

15.0

14 6

14.3

13.7

12.8

12.7

14 7

16.6

18.2

19.6

<jr\ ft

May.

21.9

22.7

23.6

22.5

22.2

17.5

14.5

12.2

19 7

12.5

11.5

n

o

11.0

10.3

9.6

9

n

8.6

8.2

7.7

7.4

6.6

6.5

6.4

6.2

6.0

6.1

6.4

6.3

6.3

5.7

5.5

June.

5.3

5.4

5.6

6.3

5.8

5.3

5.2

6.9 5.4'

4.2

4.1

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.9

5.0

5.9

6.1

5.7

5.4

5.1

4.8

4.7

4.5

4.3

4.8

3.9

3.7

3.8

3.7

July.

8.7

3.5

3.2

3.1

3.4

3.3

3.0

2.9

2.9

3.0

3.1

i ft

2.6

2 7

2.3

2.6

2.8

3.8

3.8

3.5

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.6

3.0

3.8

3.2

3.5

4.5

5.1

Aug.

4.5

4.6

3.9

3.8

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.2

3.0

3.0

2.5

2.5

2.7

2.7

2.8

2.7

2,8

3.0

8.5

3.9

4.3

4.6

4-8

4.6

4.3

4.0

3.1

8.8

4.9

7.8

7.2

Sept.

6.5

5.3

4.5

4.5

4.3

4.5

4.5

5.1

5.4

5.7

5.4

4.8

4.8

4.8

4.4

4.5

5.0

4.9

4.5

4.5

4.5

4.3

4.1

4.0

4.4

4.5

4.5

6.3

6.0

5.8

Oct.

5.9

6.0

6.1

5.9

6.4

7.1

8.3

8.2

7.5

6.7

6.2

6.0

6.2

5.5

5.1

5.0

4.9

4.9

6.6

7.9

8.5

8.2

8.5

8.4

8.7

8.3

7.5

7.6

6.7

6.4

6.4

Nov.

6.4

6.3

6.6

6.4

6.0

5.8

5.9

6.5

6.7

6.5

6.4

6.3

6.6

7.3

7.4

7.5

6.9

6.5

7.6

7.S

8.0

7.6

6.8

6.6

6.6

A &

6.6

6.9

9.0

9.1

Dec.

10.6

10.1

8.9

7.8

7.9

8.2

8.3

7.8

8.0

8.1

8.2

8.6

9.9

13.6

15.6

13.7

11.0

9.7

8.8

7.8

7.1

8.3

9.7

13.9

14.8

13.1

9.9

9.7

8.5

8.1

8.6

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from Jan. 1 to about Mar. 28 and Dec. 31; gage 

readings to water surface; the thickness of ice varied from about 1.1 to 1.7 feet.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H.,for 1911.

Day.

1...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7.....--....-...

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14............... i x.

16...............

17.. ............ .

18...............

19.... ...........

20. ..............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24. ..............

25. ..............

26............... 27..:............

28............... 29..:............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

2,400

2,400

3,000

4,500

4,000

3,800

3,700

3,600

3,300

3,100

2,900

2,800

2,700

2,600

2,500

2,400

2,300

2,200

2,100

2,100

2,000

1,900

1,900

1,800

1,800

1,700

1,700

1,600 

1,600

1,600

Feb.

1,600

1,600

1,600

1,600

1,600

1 600

1,600

1,500

1,500

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,300

1,300

1,200

1,200

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,200

1,200

1,300

1,300

1 400

1J400

1,400

Mar.

1,400

1,300

1,300

1 300

1,300

1 300

1,300

1,300

1,200

1,200

1,300

1,200

1,200

1,200 i win

1 W\

1,300

1,300

1 300

1^30J

1,300

1 400

1,400

1,500

1,500

I

CAft

3,500

7 000

10,400 

10,700

10,200

Apr.

9,320

8,020

7,600

6,650

6,520

6,780

10,400

21,900

19,700

19,700

18,000

17,600

18,200

91 ttfin

23,600

25,900

24,600

20,700

18,080

16,600

15,900

1 * $Aft

14,200

12,600

19 Rftft

16,100

19 700

99 CMIft

25,900 

28,900

May.

30,800

32,600

34,500

82,100

31,500

21,500

15,700

11,600

12,500

12,100

10,500

10,200

9 77n

8,740

7 740

6,920

6,390

5,880

5,260

4 900

4,000

3 ono

S Sftft

3,580

3

QOA

3,480

S QAfl

3,690

3,580 

3,090

2,900

June.

2,710

2,800

3,000

3,600

3,180

2,710

2,620

4,340

2,800

1,790

1,720 i 7on

1,940

2,100

2,350

2 440

3,280

3,480

3,090

2,800

2,530

2,260

2,180

2,020

I Sflft

1,650 i E&n

1 450

1^520 

1,450

July.

1,450

1,320

1,140

1,080

1,260

1,200

1,030

975

975 i,oao

1,060

1,030

820

870

680

820

920

1,520

1,520

1,320

1,030

1,030

1,030

1,030

820

1,030

1,520

1 140

1,320 

2,020

2,530

Aug.

2,020

2,108

1,580

1,528

1,320

1,320

1,260

1,140

1,030

1,060

770

770

870

870

920

870

920

1,030

1,820

1,580

1 Sfirt

2,100

2,260

2,100

1,860

1,650

1 ftRH

1,200

2,350

4,780

4,670

Sept.

3,980

2,710

2,020

2,630

1,860

2,020

2,020

2,530

2,800

3,090

2,860

2,260

2,268

2,260

1 940

2,020

2,440

2,350

2,020

2,020

2,020

I

fifift

1,720

1,650

1 CUT)

2,020

2,020

3,690

3,380

3,180

Oct.

3,280

3,380

3,480

3,280

3,800

4,560

6,006

5,880

5,020

4,120

3,580

S

ODA

3,580

2 900

2,530

2 AAC1

2,350

2,350

4,000

5,500

6,260

5,880

6,260

6,130

6,520

6,000

5,020

4

AAA

4,120 

3,800

3,800

Nov.

3,800

3,680

4,000

3,800

3 380

3,180

3,280

3,900

4,120

3,900

8,800

3,690

4 OAfl

4,780

4 arm

5,020

4,340

3,900

4 440

5^020

5,630

5,140

4,220

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,QOQ A *At\

a, 020

7rQ50

Dec.

9,180

8,450

6,780

5,380

5,500

5,880

6,000

5,380

5,630

5,760

5,880

6,390

8,160

14,000

17,800

14,200

9,770

7,880

6,650

5,380

4,560

6,000

7,880

14,600

16,300

1 O Ofiffc

8,190 T ssn

6,260 

5,760

5,000

NOTE. Daily discharge for open channel determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve. Discharge Jan. 1 to Mar. 26 is only approximate, and is obtained from approximate ice discharge rating curves 

developed in earlier years and from climatologjc records. Discharge Mar. 27 and 28 and Dee. 31 estimated.
FORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 99

Monthly diaekaarge o/ Conneetimt River at Orford, JV. H.,f&r 1911. 

[Drainagearea, 3,300 square miles.]

Month.

April...................................

May . . ....

July....................................

Discharge in secoad-feet .

Maximum.

4.500 

1,600 

10,700 

28,900 

34,500 

4,340 

2,530 

4,780 

3,900 

6,520 

7, OS) 

17,800

34,500

Minimum.

1,600 

1,000 

1,200 

6,520 

2,900 

1,4SO 

680 

770 

1,650 

2,350 

3,180 

4,560

, 680

Mean.

2,520 

1,360 

2,450 

16,800 

11,300 

2,440 

1,180 

1,620 

2,360 

4,310 

4,340 

8,250

4,930

Per

square 

mile.

0.764 

.412 

.742 

5.09 

3.42 

.739 

.358 

.491 

.715 

1.31 

1.32 

2.50

1.49

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.)

0.88 

.43 

.86 

5.68 

3.94 

.82 

.41 

.57 

.80 

1.51 

1.47 

2.88

20.25

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

C. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

CONNECTICUT RIVER AT SUNDERLAND, MASS.

Location. At the five-span, steel highway bridge at Sunderland, Mass., on. the road 

leading to South Deerfield, about 18 miles in a direct line and about 26 miles by 

river above 'the dam at Hplyoke. Deerfield River enters the Connecticut from 

the west about 8 to 10 miles above the station.

Records available. March 31, 1904, to December 31, 1911. From 1880 to 1899 a 

record of the discharge of this stream was maintained at Holyoke, Mass.

Drainage area. 7,700 square miles.

Gage. Chain gage attached to highway bridge; read twice daily.

Channel. Deep; coarse gravel; subject to change.

Discharge measurements. Made from highway bridge.

Artificial control. The first dam is about 12 miles above the station at Turners 

Falls, Mass.; the .next about 29 miles above, near Hinsdale, N. H. There are 

others farther upstream and also on Deerfield, Millers, and other tributaries that 

operate to affect, more or less, the normal flow of the stream.

Winter flow. During portions of December and up to early March relation of gage 

height to discharge is considerably affected by ice.

Accuracy. Discharge rating curve fairly well defined; open-water estimates considered good.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with several New England power 

companies, which pay for the gage readings.

Discharge measurements of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for 1911.

Date.

Apr. 13

29

Hydrographer. 

V

W. G.Hoyt. .............................................................

C. S. Da Golyer . ..........................................................

height.

Feet. 19 OA

15.80

Discharge.

8ec.-ft. 

33,000

48,700
100 SUEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass.. for 1911. 

[V. Lower, observer.]

Day.

1...............

1.... ...........

3...............

±.. .............

5.... ...........

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17... ............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

5

0

6.1

7.5

15.8

15.5

13.8

13.1

11.6 

12.1

11.6

11.2

10.7

10.6

10.4

9.7

9.4

8.0

6.6

7.2

8.2

8.2

.......

Feb.

7.6

6.9

6.6

6.2

4.4

4.8

4.2

i

5.7

6.1

5.1

.......

Mar.

6.4

6.6

4.4

""i'a"

K O

3 A

^ Q

6.1

6.1

5.9

5.2

4.7

5

0

6.0

6.1

5.7

5.3

6.0

<t <\

fO A

11.6

11.7

10.8

Apr.

9.5

7.6

6.6

6.6

6.1

6.6

12.5

16.4 

16.4

14 3

12.5

12.0

12.1

13.4

16.2

1ft ft

17.4

in Q

14.2

13.7

13.4

13.3

12.7

11.6

12.3

12.8

13.6

1*} Q

15.8

16.4

Slay.

15.8

16.9

17.5

16.6

1c Q

13.8

11.7

9.5 

91

8.9

8

O

8.5

8.3

8.4

6.8

6.7

6.4

6.1

6.6

5.7

5.4

5.4

4.9

4.8

4.4

4.3

4.6

3.6

2.65

3.4

4.3

June.

4.1

4.2

4.2

3.7

4.1

4.3

4.4

5.0

4.5

5.4

4.2

3.0

5.6

5.5

5.1

4

0

4.3

4.5

4.6

4.3

4.0

4.1

4.1

3.8

2.8

2.2

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.6

July

3 A

2.4

1.7

1.4

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.1

1.4

1.2

2.0

2.6

2.4

2.4

2.3

1.2

1.15

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.0

2.0

1.3

1.1

1.9

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.3

1.8

2.6

Aug.

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.1

2.0

2.0

2.5 

2.7

2.5

2.2

2.0

1.15

.98

1.8

i a

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.0

1.0

1.7

1.7

2.0

2.0

2.8

2.2

2.4

3.1

4.0

5.0

Sept.

5.1

4.7

1.6

3.2

2.6

3.6

3.8

3.4 

4.1

6.3

5.0

4.4

4.2

3.9

4.0

3.8

3.1

4.4

4.1

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.4

2.5

2.45

2.8

3.7

3.7

3.5

3.9

Oct.

3.6

4.8

5.6

5.4

6.8

6.8

7.2

6.9 

6.4

6.4

5.5

5.6

5.0

4.6

4.7

3.9

4.1

4.6

14.4

16.0

12.6

12.6

11.4

11.0

9.8

8.8

8.2

8.8

8.6

4.6

5.8

Nov.

6.2

6.4

6.2

5.8

5.3

5.5

5.6

6.8 

6.6

6.6

6.3

6.0

6.4

6.6

6.6

6.7

6.6

 6.6

8.6

7.4

7.6

7.9

7.1

6.4

6.5

6.6

6.3

5.8

6.6

8.7

Dec.

8.5

8.6

8.6

6.8

6.6

5.4

5.0

5.4 

5.6

5.8

5.8

6.3

7.0

7.8

9.8

10.8

10.5

10.0

8.8

7.9

6.6

5.5

7.6

12.4

12.4

12.1

11.4

10.0

8.6

7.4

7.0

NOTE Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from Jan. 1 to about Mar. 21. The observer 

notes tha* the ice broke up Jan. 4 and that the ice went out Mar. 22. The ice was also broken up near the 

shore two or three times during the winter. Although there may have been free flow on Jan. 4, It is believed 

that the relation of gage height to discharge was affected by backwater from ice jams during the remainder 

of the month. Gage readings were probably to water surface, except Jan. 16 to Mar. 13, which were to the 

top of the ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for 1911.

Day.

1...................

2...................

3...................

4...................

5...................

6...................

7...................

8...................

9...................

10...................

11...................

12...................

13...................

14...................

15...................

16...................

17................... is........:..........

19...................

20...................

Mar. Apr.

22,500

15,800

12,500

tO KfY\

11,000

12,500

34,300

51,600

51,600

A.t arm

34,300

32,300

32.700

38,100

HI wn

62,100

55,700 AQ nrtrt

41,500

39.400

May.

48,500

53,400

56,200

52,100 Afi Qflft

39,800

31,100

22,500

21,000

20,300

Id QIYI

18,900

18,200

18,500

13,100

12,800

11,900

11,000

19 ^Wl

9.760

June.

5,830

6,050

6,050

A. oon

5,830

6,270

6,490

7,900

6,720

8,920

6,050

3,670

9,470

9 1 on

8,150

7,420

6,270

6,720

6,950

6.270

July.

4 4ftft

2,720

1,850

1,530 i Qfin

2,200

2,450

2,320

1,530

1,330

2,200

3,020

2,720

2,720

2,580

1,330

1,280

2 200

2,320

2.450

Aug. ,

4,590

A. "Wfl

4,400

4

AfV\

3,850

2,200

2,200

2,870

3,170

2,870

2,450

2,200

1,280

1,110

1,960

i Qfin

2,200

2,080 i oftfi

1.130

Sept.

8,150

7,180

6,950

4,030

3,020

A 7Qft

5,200

4,400

5,830

11,600

7 ofin

6,490

6,050

5,410

5,620

5,200

3,850

6,490

5,830

5.620

Oct.

4,790

7 48H

9,470

8,920

13,100

13,100

14,400

13,500

11,900

11,900

9,190

9,470

7,900

6,950

7,180

5,410

5,830

6,950

Ay Ann

49.400

.Nov.

11,200

11,900

11,200

10,000

8,660

9,190

9,470

13,100

12,500

12,, 500

11,600

JO, 600

11,900

12,500

12,500

12,800

12,500

12,500

19,200

15.100

Dec.

18,900

19,200

19,200

13,100

12,500

8,920

7,900

8,920

9,470

10,000

10,000

11,600

13,800

16,400

23,700

27,600

26,400

24 dlY)

19,900

16.800
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 101 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for 1911 Con.

Day.

ZL........ ...........

22...................

23

24.....:.............

25...................

26...................

27...................

28...................

29...................

30...................

31...................

Mar.

10,600

11,000

9,760

8,660

10,600

6,720

36,400

30,700

31,100

27,600

Apr.

38,100

37,600

35,100

30,700

33,500

35,600

38,900

39,800

48,500

51,200

May.

8,920

8,920

7,660

7,420

6,490

6,270

6,950

4,790

3,100

4,400

6,270

June.

5,620

5,830

5,830

5,200

3,330

2,450

4,590

4,590

4

A/V\

4 70ft

July.

2,200

2,200

1,430

1,230

2,080

2,450

2,720

3,020

2,580

1,960

3,020

Aug.

1,130

1,850

1,850

2,200

2,200

3,330

2,450

2,720

3,850

5,620

7 Qfifl

Sept.

5,620

5,410

4,400

2,870

2>800

3,330

4,990

4,990

4,590

5,410

Oct.

34,700

14. 70fl

29,900

28,300

23,700

19,900

17,800

19,900

to onn

6,950

10,000

Nov.

15,800

16,800

14,100

11,900

12,200

12,500

11,600

10,000

12,500

19,600

Dec.

12,500

9

1QA

15,800

33,900

33,900

32,700

29,900

24,400

19,200

15,100

13,800

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve.

Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 7,700 square miles.]

Month.

February . . . Mwxrt>..,

April....................................

May .

July.....................................

December ...............................

The year ..........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.'

36 400

62)lOO 

56,200 

9,470 

4,400 

7,900 

11,600 

49,400 

19,600 

33,900

62,100

Minimum.

11,000 

3,100 

2,450 

1,230 

1,110 

2,800 

4,790 

8,660 

7,900

1,110

Mean.

10,000 

4,200 

8,960 

36,400 

19,600 

6,060 

2,260 

2,860 

5,470 

16,300 

12,600 

18,000

11,900

Per 

square 

mile.

1.30 

.545 

1.16 

4.73 

2.55 

.787 

.294 

.371 

.710 

2.12 

1.64 

2.34

1.55

Run-off 

(depth to 

inches on / 

drainage 

area).

1.50 

.57 

1.34 

5.28 

2.94 

.88 

.34 

.43 

.79 

2.44 

1.83 

2.70

21.04

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 to Mar. 21 estimated from the discharge of the Connecticut at Orford, White 

Eiver at Sharon, Deerfleld River at Shelburne Falls, and climatologie records. Mean discharge Mar. 1 to 21 

estimated 4,500 second-feet.

PASSTJMPSIC RIVER NEAR ST. JOHNSBURY, VT.

Location. At steel suspension bridge just below dam of Pierce's mills, about 5 miles 

above St. Johnsbury, 2 miles below the mouth of Sheldon Branch, 4 miles above 

the mouth of Moose River, and 5 miles above the mouth of Sleepers River.

Records available. May 26, 1909, to December 31,1911. A station was established 

June 29,1903, on Passumpsic River at St. Johnsbury Center, but was discontinued 

November 30 of the same year because of backwater from the dam at St. Johnsbury.

Drainage area. 237 square miles.

Gage. Staff, in two sections; low-water section a vertical staff bolted to ledge just 

above bridge; high-water section an inclined staff bolted to ledge just below 

bridge.

Channel. Semipermanent; bed composed chiefly of gravel, but near right bank 

consists of a rock ledge.

Discharge measurements. At high stages made from downstream side of bridge; 

at low stages, by wading 200 feet below.
102 SURFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Winter flow. River freezes over under the bridge and at control point 300 feet 

below; relation of gage height to discharge is therefore affected by ice.

Artificial control. Discharge affected by the operation of Pierce's mills, just above 

station, and by other mills farther upstream. The storage at Pierce's mills is small 

and the use of water nearly uniform during the day and night, so that the daily 

gage readings are fairly accurate indices of the daily discharge.

Accuracy. The discharge rating curve is fairly well defined.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the State of Vermont.

Discharge measurements of Passumpsic River near St. Johnsbwry, Vt., in 1911.

Date.

June 23«

Aug. 16

Hydrographer.

G.H.Canfield.. .........................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.60

1.42

Discharge.

See.-ft. 

164

119

a Measurements made by wading. & Wading below brMge 100 feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Passumpsic River near St. Johnsbury, Vt.,for 1911.

[Joseph Cox, observer.]

Bay.

1............... 

2. ..............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6. ..............

7. ..............

8...............

9. ..............

10...............

11...............

12. ..............

13. ..............

14. ..............

16. ..............

16. ..............

17...............

18. ..............

19..........:....

20.' ..............

91

yz.. .............

23. ..............

24. ..............

25. ..............

26. ..............

27. ..............

28...............

29. ..............

30. ..............

31. ..............

Jan.

2.7 

2.6

3.4

3.2

2.9

2.7

2.55

2

C

2.55

2.45

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.45

2.45

2.3

2.2

2.4

2.4

2.25

2.3

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.35

2.35

2.6

2.6

2.7

2.5

Feb.

2.5 

2.45

2.55

2.55

2.6

-9-

2.55

2.85

2.65

Mar.

2.3

2.6

2.4

2 A

2.7

3.7

4.6

4.5

3

0

Apr.

3.4 

2.95

2.0

2.8

2.85

3.1

S.2

5.8

4.8

4.1

3.7

4.4

5.0

6.0

7.2

6.4

4.6

3.9

4.0

4.7

4.6

4.6

4.0

4.4

5.9

6.3

6.7

7.1

7.3

7.0

May.

6.8 

7.3

5.2

4.0

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.1

2.9

2.8

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.5

2.35

2.25

2.3

2.2

2.1

2.0

1.89

1.91

2.05

2.30

2.05

1.90

1.85

1.70

1.62

June.

2.10 

2.15

1.85

1.74

1.65

1.62

1.59

1.56

1.54

1.50

1.56

1.91

1.98

1.81

1.90

2.25

2.30

1.91

1.70

1.68

1.88

1.68

1.61

1.55

1.51

1.45

1.38

1.46

1.49

1.46

July.

1.40 

1.40

1.39

1.32

1.36

1.35

1.35

1.40

1.22

1.38

1.36

1.26

1.20

1.24

1.30.

1.61

1.28

1.50

1.50

1.40

1.50

1.46

1.40

1.32

2.10

1.55

1.40

1.39

2.20

2.15

1.66

Aug.

1.48 

1.45

1.42

1.38

1.36

1.25

1.32

1.32

1.32

1.31

1.20

1.30

1.22

1.31

1.25

1.54

1.52

1.44

2.75

1.85

1.61

1.48

1.40

1.39

1.28

1.34

1.31

1.41

2.95

1.80

1.62

Sept.

1.50 

1.45

1.59

1.55

1.45

2.05

2.20

1.69

1.61

1.76

1.62

1.58

1.66

1.48

1.51

2.20

1.74

L64

1.51

1.49

1.46

1.80

1.75

1.55

1.68

2.45

1.88

1.88

1.79

2.20

Oct.

1.96 

1.90

1.74

2.10

2.90

2.45

2.10

1.89

1.82

1.74

1.69

1.68

1.64

1.50

1.55

1.57

1.51

1.64

3.30

2.45

2.05

2.00

2.60

2.70

2.20

2.05

1.98

1.98

1.89

1.88

1.86

Nov.

2.18 

1.98

1.84

1.80

1.78

1.72

2.06

2.30

2.06

1.91

1.96

1.94

2.90

2.25

2.15

2.10

1.84

2.25

2.65

2.25

2.10

2.10

1.92

2.10

1.98

1.90

2.00

1.98

3.60

2.80

Dec.

2.45 

2.20

2.10

1.98

I OR

2.00

1.98

1.98

1.98

2.20

2.40

3.30

5.80

3.90

3.10

2.80

2.65

2.60

2.25

2.00

2.35

2.25

6.20

4.50

3. SO

2.85

2.80

2.70

2.10

2.70

2.60

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from Jan. 1 to about Apr. 6. The observer 

noted that the river was clear of ice at noon Apr. 15. There was some ice Dec. 20 to 22 and 29 to 31, but there 

was probably no material backwater effect. Gage heights were probably to water surface, except Feb. 12 

to Mar. 26, which were to the top of the ice.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 103 

Daily discharge, in seccmd-fset, ofPasswnptic Riser near St. Joknsbury, Vt.,far 1911.

Day.

1...................

2...................

3...................

4...:...... .........

5.....:.............

6...................

7...................

8...................

Q.... ...............

10...................

11...................

12...................

13. ..................

14...................

15...................

16...................

17...................

18...................

19...................

20. ..................

21...................

22. ..................

23...................

24...................

25...................

26...................

27. ..................

28...................

29...................

30. ..................

31...................

Mar.

150

600

906

900

600

Apr.

500

400

200

300

900

550

1,560

1,820

1,380

1,080

906

1,210

1,470

1,920

2,460

2,100

1,290

992

1,040

1,340

1,290

1,290

- 1,040

1,210

1,870

2,050

2,230

2,410

2,500

2,360

May.

2,280

2,500

1,500

1,040

864

822

780

780

738

657

580

543

. 472

437

403

437

386

354

370

338

307

276

243

249

292

370

292

246

233

189

168

June.

307

322

232

200

176

168

161

153

149

139

153

249

270

220

246

354

370

249

189

184

240

184

166

151

141

128

112

130

137

130

July.

116

116

114

QQ

108

106

106

116

79

112

10g

87

75

83

 85

166

91

139

139

11«

139

130

116

99

307

151

116

114

338

322

179

Aug.

134

128

121

112

108

85

99

QQ

99

97

75

95

79

97

85

149

144

125

525

232

166

134

116

114

91

103

97

118

599

217

168

Sept.

139

128

161

151

128

292

338

186

166

206

168

158

179

134

141

338

200

173

141

137

130

217

203

151

184

420

240

240

214

338

Oct.

264

246

200

307

580

420

307

243

223

200

186

184

173

161

151

156

141

173

738

420

292

276

472

5W

338

292

270

270

243

240

234

NOT.

307

270

229

217

211

195

292

370

292

249

270

258

580

354

322

307

229

354

490

364

307

307

252

307

270

246

27«

270

864

543

Dec.

430

338 9m

255

270

276

270

270

270

338

403

738

1,820

992

657

543

490

472

354

276

386

354

2,000

1,250

822

562

543

507

307

507

472

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve. Discharge estimated 

Mar. 27 to Apr. 6. No correction made during December.

Monthly discharge ofPassumpsic River near St. Johnsbury, Vt.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 237 square miles.] *

Month.

April ........................... ^ ......

July....................................:

The year. .........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

900 

2,500 

2,500 

370 

338 

598 

420 

580 

864 

2,000

2,500

Minimum.

200 

168 

112 

75 

75 

128 

141 

195 

255

75

Mean.

190 

100 

185 

1,370 

620 

200 

135 

149 

200 

287 

326 

564

361

Per 

square 

mile.

0.802 

.422 

.781 

5.78 

2.62 

.844 

.570 

.629 

.844 

1.21 

1.38 

2.38

1.52

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.92 

.44 

.90 

6.45 

3.02 

.94 

.66 

.73 

.94 

1.40 

1.54 

2.74

20.68

Accuracy.

C.

C. 

C. 

A.

A.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 to Apr. 6 estimated from the discharge for Connecticut River at Orford, White 

River near Snaron, and dimatoTogie records. Mean discharge Mar. 1 to 26 estimated 100 second-feet.
104 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

WHITE RIVER NEAR SHARON, VT.

Location. About 1,500 feet below the dam of the Vermont Copper Co., near Sharon, 

Vt., and about 800 feet above the Central Vermont Railway bridge.

Records available. May 13,1909, to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 686 square miles.

Gage. An inclined staff reading to 10 feet, attached to a large rock on the left bank. 

A chain gage for use at high stages is nailed to trees about 80 feet upstream from 

the staff gage.

Channel. Divided by an island above the gages.

Discharge measurements. Made from two suspension foot bridges which connect 

the island with the banks.

Artificial control. There are several power plants above the station, but it is 

assumed that fluctuations in daily stage caused by operation of these plants are 

sufficiently equalized at the dam of the Vermont Copper Co. A gage record of 

the height of water on the crest of this dam has been obtained, beginning January 

29,1910. The dam is not much used at present.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Accuracy. Conditions favor obtaining reliable data. By means of an approximate 

curve of relation between the daily gage readings at the dam and daily discharge 

at the current-meter station, fair records of discharge have been computed for 

the winter months from the gage heights at the dam.

Cooperation. Station established in cooperation with the State of Vermont.

The following discharge measurement was made by G. H. Canfield: 

June 18, 1911: Gage height, 3.80 feet; discharge, 306 second-feet.

Daily gage height, infect, of White River near Sharon, Vt., for 1911. 

[Chas. Tucker, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4.. .............

5...............

6A. ............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

1920..............:

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

5.1

5.4

7.5

5.9

5.5

5.1

4.8

4.7

4.7

4.5

4.4

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.2

4.5

4.9

4.7

4.5

Feb.

43

43

4

0

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.3

4.3

5.0

4.9

4.4

4.4

4.4

4 1

4.6

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.4

4.4

Mar.

44

4.4

A 4

43

4.2

4.3

4.5

4.2

4.1

4.2

4.2

4.0

4.0

4.1

4.0

4.1

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.»

3.9

3.9

3.9

4.0

4.0

4.1

4.5

6.7

6.5

5.5

5.3

Apr.

48

45

43

4.3

4.3

4.9

9.5

7.0

6.3

5.9

5.8

6.0

6.5

7.0

8.5

8.0

6.6

6.4

6.5

6.5

6.4

6.4

6.2

6.0

6.6

7.0

7.2

8.5

7.0 A *)

May.

6.9

7.5

A i

5.6

5.4

5.2

5.1

5.0

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.0

4.2

4.1

4.0

June.

4.0

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.9-

3.9

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.8

3

0

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.6

3.7

4.2

4.0

3.9

4.0

3.8

July.

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.S

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.7

3.6

3.6

3.5

4.0

3.9

3.8

Aug.

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

.3.4

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

-3.5

3.4.

3.4

3.4

3.6

4.0

3.8

3.7

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.5

3.6

3.7

6.2

4.8

4.3

Sept.

40

4.0

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.3

4.6

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.0

4.2

4.7

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.4

4.3

3.9

4.1

3.4

3.9

4.0

4.0

3.9

4.1

4.1

Oct.

4.4

4.3

4.4

4.3

5.2

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.2

8.5

7.4

6.0

5.7

5.5

5.5

5.2

5.0

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.7

5.0

Nov.

4.8

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.5

5.0

4.8

4 7

4.6

4.6

4.6

5.0

4.4 4' 7

4.5

4.5

4.6

5.1

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.5

4.5

45

4.4

5.5

5.2

Dec.

5.0

4.9

4.7

4.4

42

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.5

4.5

4.7

5.5

5.7

5.5

5.1

4.9

5.0

4.9

4.6

44

44

46

7.6

6.15

5.5

6.3

5.1

5.1

4.7

4.5

4.4

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge was affected by ice Jan. 1 and 2. and Jan. 5 to Mar. 26. 

There was also a little ice Jan. 20 to 22, but probably no appreciable backwater. Gage readings were probably to water surface during the periods wfien ice was present.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 105 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of White River near Sharon, Vt.,for 1911.

Day.

1. .........

2..........

3..........

4..........

5..........

6..........

7..........

8..........

9..........

10..........

11..........

12..........

13..........

14..........

15..........

16..........

17..........

18..........

19..........

20..........

21..........

22..........

23..........

24..........

£

26..........

27..........

28..........

29

30..........

31..........

Jan.

398

620

5,770

2,720

940

810

875

745

940

810

745

875

810

940

810

505

505

560

560

505

560

560

450

398

398

345

398

810

1,010

745

560

Mar.

450

450

398

450

345

450

450

450

505

450

345

345

345

345

450

450

450

398

345

345

345

345

345

345

398

450

865

4,130

3,740

2,120

1,830

Apr.

1,180

865

680

680

680

1,300

10,200

4,730

3,380

2,720

2,560

2,870

3,740

4,730

7,960

«,850

3,940

3,560

3,740

3,740

3,560

3,560

3,200

2,870

3,940

4,730

5,140

7,960

4,730

3,200

May.

4,520

5,770

% 3,560

2,260

1,970

1,690

1,560

1,430

1,300

1,180

1,070

965

865

' 770

680

680

680

595

595

515

440

440

440

440

595

515

515

440

595

515

440

June.

440

515

440

440

440

440

440

370

370

370

370

440

440

370

370

370

310

310

310

310

310 255-

210

210

255

595

440

370

440

310

July.

255

255

255

210

210

210

370

310

310

255

210

175

175

175

140

140

140

370

310

255

255

210

210

210

255

210

210

175

440

370

310

Aug.

255

i 210

175

175

175

175

140

140

140

140

175

175

175

140

175

140

140

140

210

440

310

255

175

175

210

175

210

255

3,200

1,180

680

Sept.

440

440

515

440

440

595

515

515

680

965

595

595

515

440

595

1,070

865

770

685

770

685

370

515

140

370

440

440

370

515

515

Oct.

' 770

680

770

680

1,700

1,180

1,070

965

965

865

770

770

680

680

595

515

515

595

7,960

5,560

2,870

2,410.

2,120

2,120

1,700

1,430

1,300

1,180

1,070

1,070

1,430

Nov.

1,180

1,180

1,070

965

865

865

1,430

1,180

1,070

965

965

965

1,430

770

1,070

865

865

965

1,560

1,180

1,070

965

965

965

865

865

865

770

2,120

1,690

Dee.

1,430

1,300

1,070

770

595

770

770

770

865

865

1,070

2,120

2,410

2,120

1,560

1,300

1,430

1,300

965

770

770

965

5,980

3,120

2,120

1,830

1,560

1,560

1,070

865

770

NOTE. Daily discharge Jan. 3 and 4 and Mar. 27 to Dec. 31'determined from a well-defined discharge 

rating curve applicable to readings on the staff gage below the dam. Discharge Jan. 1 and 2, 5 to 31, and 

Mar. 1 to 26 determined from a fairly well-defined discharge rating curve applicable to readings referred 

to the gage on the dam.

Discharge during January. February, and March, determined from the gage heights on the crest of the 

dam, is subject to some slight error as the stream was obstructed by ice. During February this obstruction 

was probably over 25 per cent and estimates of daily discharges for this month are accordingly omitted.

The figures presented in this table do not agree well with those derived from the gage heights read on the 

crest of the dam at extreme high stages, the latter being but 50 to 75 per cent of the former. No explanation 

can be given this discrepancy.

Monthly discharge of White Rivernear Sharon, Vt., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 686 square miles.]

Month.

MftnVh...

April.............*.......................

May.....

July..................:................,..

December. ..............................

»

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

5,770

4,130 

10,200 

5,770 

595 

440 

3,200 

1,070 

7,960 

2,120 

5,980

10,200

MtpiTniim.

345

345 

680 

440 

210 

140 

140 

140 

515 

770 

595

140

Mean.

893 

350 

746 

3,770 

1,23Q_ 

37if 

245 

337, 

560 

1,520 

1,080 

1,450

1,050

Per 

square 

mile.

1.30 

.510 

1.09 

5.50 

1.79 

.547 

.357 

.491 

.816 

2.22 

1.57 

2.11

1.53

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.)

1.50 

.53 

1.26 

6.14 

2.06 

.61 

.41 

.57 

.91 

2.56 

1.75 

2.43

20,73

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

B. 

B.

A. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge for February estimated on the basis of the discharge of Deerfield River at Shelburne 

Falls, Mass., and Passumpsic River at St. Johnsbury, Vt. The monthly discharge for the gaging station 

is considered preferable to that determined from crest gage heights on the dam. There is considerable 

discrepancy between the two sets of records for some months, partly explained by storage effect and partly 

by lack of information regarding the use of sluiceways under the dam.
106 SUBPACE WATER SUPPLY, 1SU, PAET I. 

ASHUELOT RIVER AT HINSDALE, N. H.

Location. At the lower highway bridge in the town of Hinsdale about a quarter of a 

mile below the dam used by the Fisk Paper Co. and the Haile & Frost Manufacturing Co, and about 2 miles above the mouth of the river.

Records available. February 22, 1907, to December 31, 1909.

Drainage area. 440 square miles.

Gage. Chain attached to the bridge; read twice daily; datum unchanged.

Channel. Somewhat rough and rocky; probably permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Artificial control. The use of water at the dam at Hmsdale causes great fluctuations in daily stage during the low-water season.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Accuracy. Conditions favor accurate discharge measurements and a good discharge 

rating curve has been developed. The relation between the gage height and 

discharge is not affected by backwater from the Connecticut except possibly at 

very high stages in that stream. Accurate computation of the diurnal fluctuation of discharge caused by the operation of the mills above the station has been 

rendered impossible by insufficient funds. It is proposed to install an automatic 

gage to determine the relation between the daily gage heights heretofore recorded 

and tiie true mean gage heights, thus making possible the publication of accurate 

computations of daily discharge from the inception of the station to date. Th» 

gage heights for 1911 are withheld pending this investigation, as no gage heights 

recorded at this station are true indices of the daily discharge.

Cooperation. Records furnished by Frederick S. Leonard, of the Fisk Paper Co.

Discharge measurements of Ashuelot River at Hinsdale, N. H., 1911.

Bate.

Mar. 22B

Apr. 26

Hydrographer.

F. J. ShntttewortJi.... ...................................................

C. C. Covert..............................................................

Gaee 

keight

Feel. 

3.34

4.40

D1&- 

Charge.

Sec.-A 

360

1,070

a Very little ice along the shore. 

MILLERS RIVER AT WENDELL, MASS.

Location. At the railroad bridge just west of the Wendell railroad station.

Records available. June 4,1909, to December 31,1909.

Drainage area. 354 square miles.

Gage. Chain attached to the railroad bridge,; datum unchanged. The gage heights 

are observed under the direction of F. B. Saunders, superintendent of the Orange 

Electric Light Co.

Channel. Bed rough; current swift.

Discharge measurements. Made from the railroad bridge or by wading.

Artificial control. Immediately above the station and 600 feet below an old dam 

which it replaces is a dam completed June 1,1910, by the Orange Electric Light 

Co. Power was first delivered at this new plant June 8, 1910. The wheels at 

the old dam were run at irregular intervals prior to the completion of the new 

dam to furnish power and to divert water from tbje construction work. During 

low-water period the use of these wheels interfered seriously with the determination of the true daily flow of the river, but an attempt was made by means of a 

series of frequent readings through the day and night to ascertain the two most 

favomble times of day for reading tile gage heights in order to show the true mean
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 107

height of the river for that day. Daring 1910 a new dam was also completed 1J 

miles below the gage. This dam causes backwater at the gage at medium and high 

stagea, requiring a new discharge rating curve. To what extent this backwater 

effect is variable is not known.

Winter flow. Ice forms in the still water below the bridge and causes backwater at 

the gaging section.

Accuracy. Two good discharge rating curves have been developed from the 1910-11 

discharge measurements. Accurate computation of the diurnal fluctuation of 

discharge caused by the operation of 'the mills above the station has been rendered 

impossible by insufficient funds. It is proposed to install an automatic gage to 

determine the diurnal fluctuation in the daily gage heights provided the changed 

conditions since the construction of the two new dams will warrant it, thus making 

possible the publication of accurate computations of daily discharge from the 

inception of the station to date. The gage heights for 1911 are witheld pending 

this investigation, as no gage heights recorded at this station are true indices 

of the daily discharge. How far it will be possible to reclaim the records of gage 

heights taken prior to the construction of the two new dams is impossible to say, but 

every reasonable effort will be made to determine the discharge as accurately 

as possible for this station for 1909 to 1911 by means of a thorough study of the 

conditions during those years.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the State of Massachusetts 

and the Orange Electric Light Co.

Discharge measurements of Millers River near Wendell, Mass., in 1911.

Date.

Jan. 12a

24&

29 e

Feb. lid

20

27

28

Mar. 11

15

17

28

28

30

31

 if

4g

6

7fe

8«

8;

Hydrographer.

F.J.Shuttleworth... .............................I......................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do...................................................................

.....do....................../.............................................

.....do...................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do................................................:..........-........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.45

1.34

" 1.69

1.25

1.42

1.82

2.15

3.10

2.90

3.00

5.30

4.80

5.10

, 4.92

2.95

2.48

2.40

3.25

4.38

4.55

4.23

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

204

186

270

124

208

332

. 499

936

879

799

2,750

2,480

2,630

2,630

1,090

1,030

895

1,130

2,200

2.230

2,150

a River clear of ice at gaging section. Complete ice cover at railroad bridge 400 feet beiow. 

6 Head at Stoneville, 72.6; small wheels, 0.64 gate, 

c Head at Stoneville, 77.25; at Wendell, 98.5; gage No. 1 read .90. 

d Head at Stoneville, 76.62.

« Head at Stoneville, 77.0; at Wendell, 99.1; 3 sluice gates, 3 by 4 feet open; elevation center, 82.0 feet; 

elevation crest of dam, 98.0; length of dam crest 190 feet. 

/ Head at Stoneville, 75.6; at Wendell, 99.1. 

g Head at Stoneville, 77.5. 

ft Head at Stoneville, 78.7. 

i Head at Stoneville, 78.8. 

/ Head at Stoneville, 78.7.

NOTE. Normal tail water elevation at Wendell, 77.6.
108 SUSP ACE WATEK SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

DEERFIELD RIVER AT HOOSAC TUNNEL, MASS.

Location. At wooden highway bridge near Hoosac Tunnel railroad gtation, about 

4J miles below the mouth of Dunbar Brook, 4 miles above Pelham Brook, and 

4 miles above Cold Brook.

Records available. August 8,1909, to December 31, 1909. A measurement was 

made at the bridge October 29, 1906.

Drainage area. 257 square miles.

Gage. Chain, fastened to left-hand downstream side of bridge; read at 8 a. m. 

and 3.30 p. m. Datum unchanged.

Channel. Permanent. The bed is of coarse gravel and is very rough.

Discharge measurements. At high stages made from upstream side of highway 

bridge; at low stages by wading.

Winter flow. Relation of gage height to discharge is affected by ice, as the river 

freezes completely over.

Artificial control. The operation of numerous mills on the main river and its 

tributaries above the station completely controls the flow of the river except at 

high stages and causes considerable fluctuations in gage heights during the day. 

The nearest mill is at Monroe Bridge about 7 miles upstream.

Accuracy. Special readings have shown that the average of the gage heights at 

8 a. m. and 3.30 p. m. represent fairly well on the average the mean gage height 

for each 24 hours. A fairly good discharge rating curve has been developed.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the State of Massachusetts. 

The gage heights for 1911 are withheld pending further investigation and improvement of computations of discharge from records obtained from an automatic

Discharge measurements of Deerfield River at Hoosac Tunnel, Mass., in 1911.

Date.

Jan. 12a

31o

Mar. 60 21o

31

Apr. 25

June 17

July 136

136

136

Aug. 196

206

216

Nov. 30c

* Hydrographer.

r.....do....................................................................

.....do...................................:.......................,........

.....do....................................................................

C. 8. DeGolyer...... .....................................................

G. H. Canfleid..... .......................................................

W.G.Hoyt.. ............................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

Frank Weber.... . ........................................................

.....do..................................................:.................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

&.

Feet. 

2.42

, 2.47

1.92

2.03

3.32

4.41

2.79

1.11

.99

.98

1.86

1.64

1.14

3.70

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

397

417

169

218

1,060

2,200

700

44.7

27.2

25.4

157

130

50

1,390

o Measurements made under partial ice cover.

6 Measurements made by wading one-half mile below gage.

c High velocities may cause error in this measurement, as there was not enough lead to hold meter down.

DEERFIELD RIVER, AT SHELBURNE FALLS, MASS.

Location. At the plant of the Greenfield Electric Light *& Power Co. at Shelburne 

Falls.

Records available. June 1,1907 to December 31,1911.

Drainage area. 501 square miles.

Dam and power plant. The dam is of concrete, of ogee section, and is similar in 

form to one that has been rated. The height of the dam was raised 3 feet in the 

fall of 1908. Two units are now installed. Ratings of one of these units have 

been made by the Survey for use in conjunction with the Holyoke ratings of the 

wheels. The total electrical output is measured twice a day.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 109

Computations of discharge. The flow through the wheels is computed from the 

gate openings and from power readings made at half-hour intervals. The height 

of water on the dam, in the fore bay, in the tailrace, and at the wasteways is read 

three times daily. The total electrical output is also measured, twice a day.

Accuracy. Owing to the extreme care with which the readings are made, winter 

and summer, the records at this station are considered valuable, particularly so 

since the dam was raised in 1908.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Deerfield River at Shelburne Falls, Mass., for. 1911.

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

576

2,330

5,450

3,120

1,420

1,010

750

957

680

336

338

723

537

689

241

177

434

423

386

574

550

510

284

318

318

491

2,840

1,860

1,510

494

Feb.

297

517

205

244

354

396

292

213

219

336

271

215

246

262

226

220

219

330

327

281

266

234

224

201

213

257

768

605

Mar.

420

331

264

251

217

219

214

213

243

223

183

237

235

444

614

402

317

314

323

298

368

354

677

4Qfi

501

782

5,030

6,200

3,510

4,120

1 tfin

Apr.

1,310

1,110

959

961

1,060

5,160

8,700

5,020

4,130

2,240

2,060

1,990

2,840

4,600

6,730

.4,540

2

QAA

2,120

2,290

2

Ofift

2,050

2,460

2,130

1 qnn

3,330

4,090

4,470

4 Qdn 4,710

3,760

May.

3,600

5,920

2,850

1,890

1,280

1,090

965

711

752

710

607

636

901

701

521

534

456

354

927

805

Kft7

424

446

383

' 447

414

438

357

302

229

314

June.

373

476

410

324

301

363

2,520

1,730

826

683

720

1,200

3,480

1,830

1,300

896

807

631

530

44n

374

353

322

294

257

375

437

411

308

260

July.

218

200

196

167

184

153

153

105

124

118

135

118

91

101

41

0

95

133

149

112

'80

62

122

172

315

216

14S

242

276

253

Aug.

200

158

160

129

158

43

123

92

125

158

103

. 70

59

75

103

179

247

122

132

150

131

143

81

142

204

9*1

258

1,730

903

639

Sept.

397

300

185

' 269

280

652

1,037

980

2,530

2,090

910

775

459

351

328

911

657

434

365

313

289

fUA

607

452

559

351

354

420

648

1,490

Oct.

845

2,390

1,320

2,080

2,430

1,340

1,320

1,270

1,470

1,170

912

796

645

534

607

554

552

6,710

11,100

4,560

3,550

4,750

4,550

2,660

1,860

1,320

1,170

1,030

947

820

906

Nov.

1,320

1,040

772

760

622

651

1,500

1,500

1,050

902

1,040

940

1,510

1,180

1,180

1,050

664

2,470

2,220

1,500

1,180

1,050

779

927

913

746

677

3,120

1,460

Dec.

1,190

903

712

747

509

ff!5

502

515

506

586

583

797

945

823

951

1,220

2,050

1,380

945

701

591

749

4,280

2,840

1,S2fl

1,360

1,550

1,380

794

587

912

Monthly discharge of Deerfield River at Shelburne Falls, Mass., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 501 square miles.]

Month.

March.........................................

April.. ........................................

May.. .........................................

July...........................................

The year. .................... ..

Discharge in second-feet.

TtfaTrimiiTn.

1 5,450 

768 

6,200 

8,700 

5,920 

3,480 

315 

1,730 

2,530 

11,100 

3,120 

4,280

11,100

Minimum.

177 

201 

183 

959 

229 

257 

0 

43 

185 

534 

622 

502

0

Mean.

997 

301 

947 

3,230 

986 

774 

148 

234 

668 

2,130 

1,180 

1,100

1,060

Per 

square 

mile.

1.99 

.601 

1.89 

6.45 

1.97 

1.65 

.295 

.467 

1.33 

4.25 

2.36 

2.20

2.12

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.29 

.63 

2.18 

7.20 

2.27 

1.7ft 

.34 

.54 

1.48 

4.90 

2.63 

2.54

28.73
110 SURFACE WATBB SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I. 

CHIOOPEE BIVEB TRIBUTARIES. 

WAKE RIVER NEAR WAKE, MASS.

Location. At the steel highway bridge about 2 miles above the Tillage of Ware.

Records available. September 15, 1904, to December 31, 1909.

Drainage area. 162 square miles.

Gage. Chain, attached to the bridge; datum unchanged.

Channel. Subject to changes as a result of the growth of grass and weeds during the 

summer.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or by wading.

Artificial control. The nearest dam downstream is that of the Otia Co. at Ware, 

about 2J miles below the gage. This dam causes backwater at the gage. Upstream, the nearest dam is at Gilbertville, a little over a mile distant. Gage 

heights fluctuate with the operations of the power plant above.

Winter flow. The river does not, as a rule, freeze at the gaging section, but the relation between gage heights and discharge k affected by backwater caused by 

anchor ice and by ice jams that lodge on the river bottom below the gage.

Accuracy. Seriously affected by operation of mills above, backwater from the mill 

below, and growth of grass in the channel during the summer. Accurate computation of the diurnal fluctuation of discharge caused by the operation of the mills 

above the station has been rendered impossible by insufficient funds. It is proposed to install an automatic gage to determine the relation between the daily 

gage heights heretofore recorded and the true jnean gage height, thus making 

possible the publication of computations of daily discharge from the inception of 

the station to date. The gage heights for 1911 are withheld pending this investigation, as no gage heights recorded at this station are true indices of the daily 

discharge.

Cooperation. Established in cooperation with the Otis Co. and the George H. Gilbert Manufacturing Co. of Ware.

Discharge measurements of Ware River, near Ware, Mass., m 1911.

Date.

Mar. 8a

Mar. S<>

Hydrographer.

F. J. Shnttleworth .......................................................

C. S. DeGolyer..........................................................

height.

Fett. 

2.56

2.60

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

140

163

« Measurements made at wading section, 100 feet above bridge.

& Measurements made from steel highway bridge, 2 miles above Ware.

SWIFT RIVER NEAR WEST WARE, MASS.

Location. At the footbridge about 400 feet below a wooden dam near the West Ware

station of the Athol branch of the Boston & Albany Railroad, about 6 miles by

river downstream from Enfield.

Records available. No records available; see below. 

^Drainage area. Not measured. 

Gages. Standard chain, attached to the downstream side of the bridge; staff gage

fastened to the erest of the dam. 

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or by wading below the dam.

By means of the measurements and comparison of the gage heights it is expected

that the dam can be rated.
2STOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. Ill

> Artificial ooittrol. Relation between gage heights and discharge afiected by the

operation of power plants above the station. A power houee used in conjunction 

with the dam at which records were for a short time obtained has been burned 

down.

Accuracy. Conditions fairly good for making accurate current meter measurements. 

Accurate computation of the diurnal fluctuation of discharge caused by the 

operation of the mills above the station has been rendered impossible by insufficient funds. It is proposed to install an automatic gage to determine the relation between the daily gage heights heretofore recorded and the true mean gage 

heights, thus making possible the publication of accurate computations of daily 

discharge from the inception of the station to date. The gage heights for 1911 

are withheld pending this investigation, as no gage heights recorded at this 

station are true indexes of the daily discharge. 

The following discharge measurement was made by C. S. De Golyer: 

March 9, 1911: Gage height, 3.21 feet; discharge 13\ second-feet.

QUABOAG RIVER AT WEST BRIMFIELD, MASS.

Location. At the highway bridge near the West Brimfield station on the Boston & 

Albany Railroad.

Records available. August 28, 1909, to December 31, 1909.

Drainage area. 150 square miles.

Gage. Staff attached to the bridge; read twice daily with and without the mills 

running; datum unchanged.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or by wading.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Artificial control. Low-stage gage heights show marked fluctuations during the day 

from the operations of the mills at and above West Warren.

Accuracy. Conditions for making accurate discharge measurements are good. 

Accurate computation of the diurnal fluctuation of discharge caused by the operation of the mills above the station has been rendered impossible by~insufiicient 

funds. It is proposed to install an automatic gage to determine the relation 

between the daily gage heights heretofore recorded and the true mean gage heights, 

thus making possible the publication of accurate computations of daily discharge 

from the inception of the station to date. The gage heights for 1911 are withheld 

pending this investigation, as no gage heights recorded at this station are true 

indexes of the daily discharge

Cooperation. Established in cooperation with the State of Massachusetts. 

The following discharge measurement was made by C. S. De Golyer, by wading

about 200 feet above the bridge: 

March 7,1911: Gage height, 2.45 feet; discharge, 191 second-feet.

WESTFIELD RIVER AT KN1GHTVHJLE, MASS.

Location. At the steel highway bridge (locally known as the Pitcher Bridge) at 

Knightville, about 4J miles north of the town of Himtington, 1 mile north of the 

outlet of Norwich Lake and about 3 miles north of the junction with the middle 

branch of Westfield River.

Records available. August 26, 1909, to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 162 square miles.

Gage. Chain attached to the highway bridge; datum unchanged.

Discharge measurements. Made from highway bridge.

Channel. Rough. Bed composed of large gravel and ledge rock.
112 SUEFAOB WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAST I.

Artificial control. No artificial backwater, as the fall between this station and the

dam at Huntington is great. 

Winter flow. Relation between the gage heights and discharge during winter months

affected by ice. 

Accuracy. Discharge rating curve fairly well defined by means of measurements in

1909-1911. It is stated, and a study of the daily gage height records tends to

indicate that there is no mill control on this stream above the Knightville station;

hence discharge data for open-water periods are considered reliable. - Cooperation. Established in cooperation with the State of Massachusetts.

Discharge measurements of Westfield River at Knightville, Mass., far 1911.

Date.

Mar. 10"

Apr. 14

14

F.

W

W

Hydrographer.

J. Shuttteworth _ . ....................................................

. G.Hoyt..............................................................

.G.Hoyt...............................................................

JS&

Feet. 

2.05

3.32

3.20

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

101

873

848

a Measurements made under complete ice cover. Average thickness of ice 0.63 foot. .

Daily gage height, in feet, of Westfield River at KnightvUle, Mass., for 1911. 

[Observer, G. A. Fisk.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7............... 

8............... 

9...............

10...............

11...............

12............... 

13............... 

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18............... 

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23............... 

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30... ....... ......

31.... ...........

Jan.

2.10

2.25

3.20

2.70

2.25

2.00

1.85

1.88 

1.86 1 SB

1.82

1.82 

1.83 i an

i.io

1.79

3.30

2.65

o in

Feb.

2.20

1.85

"i.'eo"

.......

1.65

3.00

o on

Mar.

2.60

2.60

2.10

1.72

.......

9 ns

"2." 95"

3.20

3.40

3.00

O 7f|

2.85

2.75

O Qfi

3.00 

2.90

 O 7"!

O oe

2.45

3 40

o in

o on

2.85

Apr.

2.60

2.35

2.85

2.95

3.10

3.80

4.90 

3.90 

3.20

"> OR

2.80

2.65 

2.80 

3.10

3.60

3.00

3.00

2.85 

2.85

2.95

9 StR

O T£

2.65 

2.45

O Aft

2.25

o 7fl

2 go

9 fift

O £A

May.

2.55

3.10

2.76

2,65.

2.60

2.50

2.05 

2.06 

1.95

O -in

o nn

1.86 

1.99 

1.92

1 S9

1 8ft

1.71

1.58 

1.52

2.00

1.86

1.76

1.69 

1.58

1.59

1.66

1.66

1.60

1

KO

1.40

1.35

June.

1.46

1.37

1.36 1*44

1.64

1.99

3.30 

3.20

2.60

1

QQ

i on

1.94

4.50

3 Aft

2.50

2.20

1.72

1.60 

1.55

1.50

1.47

1.43

1.41 

1.36

1

OQ

1 46

1 4Q

1 48

1.47

1.30

July.

1.24

1.20

1.16

1.12

1.00

OR

1.04 

1.02 

1.00

1 00

QQ

.99 

.96 

94

QA

ai

1 HA

1.28 

1.26

1.24

1.22

1

f|O

.98 

1.13

1.24

1.28

1.23

1.26

1.30 1 24

i ia

Aug.

1.08

1.00

.96

.94

.90

.89

.88 

.87

Sifi

oft

.86

.84 

.83

CO

fil

1.60

1.45

1.32

1 9ft

1.23

1.14

08

.92 

on

1 04

1.24

1.42

1.63

2.55

o oft

1.70

Sept.

1.62

1.52

1.42

1.40

1.32

1.36

1.28 

1.39 

1.53

1.60

1.75

1.64 

1.52 

1.34

1.27

1 46

1 40

1.36 

1.33

1.29

1.24

1.26

1.22 

1.76

1.72

1.76

1.24 1 34

1 46

1.63

Oct.

1.90

2.60

2.25

2.35

2.25

1.98

1.96 

2.00 

1.95

1.85

1.78

1.73 

1.64 

1.57

1.56

1.50

1.50

2.70

6.00

3.90

3.20

3.70

3.90 

3.20

2.80

2.65

2.50

2.40

O OK

O QA

2.25

Nov.

2.55

2.30

2.30

2.25

2.20

2.60

2.40 

2.30 

2.25

2.20

*> on

2.20

3.00

O QA

2.70

2.65

2.60

2.60 

2.60

2.60

2.55

2.40

2.00 

2.40

2.75

2.70

2.60

3.20

O OR

2.55

Dec.

2.35

2.20

2.16 9 nfi

1.72

1.94

1.92 

1.90 

1.91

I od

2,05

2.05 

2.05 

1.98

2.25

3.20 aTO

2.90 

2.25

2.00

1 Qfi

2.95

4.00 

3.40

2.36

2.85

2.40

O -in

1 QJ.

2.50

NOTE. The extent of the ice periods is somewhat uncertain. It is probable, however, that the relation 

of gage height to discharge was affected by ice Jan. 1, 2,9 to 26,30, and 31, and Feb. 1 to about Mar. 27. 

Gage readings were probably to the water surface.
1STOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 113 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfield River at Knightvilk, Mass., for 1911.

Day.

1..........

2..........

3..........

4..........

5..........

6..........

7..........

9..........

10..........

11...........

12..........

13..........

14. ....... ..

15..........

16..........

17..........

1C

19..........

20..........

21..........

22..........

23..........

24..........

25...........

26..........

27..........

28..........

29..........

30..........

31..........

Jan.

775

520

330

238

190

830

498

273

Mar.

885

273

620

595

Apr.

475

370

595

645

720

1,120

1,820

1,180

775

645

570

498

570

720

940

670

670

595

595

645

595

545

dQS

410

390

330

520

570

475

475

May.

452

720

545

4.QR

475

430

256

256

222

273

238

193

235

212

181

175

150

118

104

238

190

164

144

118

120

137

137

122

104

80

72

June.

92

75

73

OO

132

<Wfi

830

77 E

475

1QQ

205

218

1,550

885

430

310

153

122

111

100

ftd

86

CO

73

77

92

QC

96

94

63

July.

54

48

41

1Q

OQ

25

Q9

QA

28

28

27

97

25

9A

25

24

33

60

57

54

51

30

97

40

54

60

52

57

63

54jifi

Aug.

35

28

25

24

21

20

20

19

19

1Q

18

18

18

17

16

122

90

66

60

52

41

27

22

21

32

54

84

130

452

330

147

Sept.

127

104

84

on

66

70

60

78

107

122

161

132

104

70

58

92

80

73

68

62

54

57

51

164

153

164

54

70

92

130

Oct.

205

430

330

370

QOft

OQ1

225

OQO

222 ion

169

155

132

115

113

100

100

520

2,620

1,180

775

1,060

1 ISO

775

570

498

430

390

370

350

330

Nov.

452

QRA

350

330

qlrt

AfK.

QQA

350

330 *>in

310 Q-1A

670

570

520

498

475

475

475

475

452

390

238

390

545

520

475

775

595

452

Dec.

370

QtA

292

256

153

218

212

205

208

218

256

256

256

231

330

775

1,060

620

330

238

231

645

1,240

885

570

370

595

390

273

218

430

NOTE. Discharge determined from a discharge rating curve is fairly well denned below about 1,500 

second-feet. Daily dischargeduring periods of probable ice conditions omitted.

Monthly discharge of Westfield River at Knightvitte, Mass., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 162 square miles.]

Month.

May. ...................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

830

885 

1,820 

720 

1,550 

63 

452 

164 

2,620 

775 

1,240

2,620

'Minimum.

330 

72 

63 

24 

16 

51 

100 

238 

153

16

Mean.

207 

120 

259 

654 

237 

264 

40.2 

66.0 

93.0 

474 

442 

408

272

Per, 

square 

mile.

1.28 

.747 

1.60 

4.04 

1.46 

1.63 

.247 

.407 

.574 

2.93 

2.73 

2.52

1.69

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.48 

.78 

1.84 

4.51 

1.68 

1.82 

.28 

.47 

.64 

3.38 

3.05 

2.90

22.83

Accuracy.

C. 

D. 

C. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge during periods in which ioe existed estimated from climatologic records and by comparison with records of discharge of Deerfleld River at Shelburne Falls. Mean discharge Jan. 1 to 2, estimated, 

175 second-feet; Jan. 9 to 26,105 second-feet; Jan. 30 and 31,175 second-feet; Mar. 1 to 27,210 second-feet.

48521° WSP 301 12 8
114 STJEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

MIDDLE BRANCH OF WESTFIELD RIVER AT GOSS HEIGHTS, MASS.

Location. At a single-span, highway bridge in the hamlet of Goss Heights, about 

1J miles north of the village of Huntington, and half a mile above the confluence 

of the Middle Branch with the North Branch of Westfield River.

Records available. July 14, 1910, to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 53 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain attached to the upstream side of the bridge; read twice daily.

Channel. Conditions fair for making discharge measurements except at unusually 

low stages.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or by wading.

Artificial control. The operation of the power plant 2 miles above the station 

probably has .little effect on the relation between gage height and discharge at 

this point. It is therefore assumed that the average of the two daily readings 

gives the correct mean gage height for the day.

Cooperation. Established in cooperation with the State of Massachusetts.

Discharge measurements of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass.,

in 1911.

Date.

C

W

Hydrographer.

G. Hoyt..............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet.

1 SQ

2.10

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

97 9

265

a Measurements made under complete ice cover. Average thickness of ice 0.77 foot.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass.,

for 1911.

[Monroe Rising, observer.]

Day.

1...... .........

2.. ......-..-- ..

3.........-.--.-

4. ..............

5. ..............

6...............

7...............

8. ..............

9. ..............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13. ..............

14...............

15. ..............

16...............

17................

18...............

19. ..............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26. ..............

27. ..............

28...............

29. ..............

30. .............. 

31...............

Jan.

3.95

3.15

2.75

2.55

2.60

2.55

2i05

1.76

1.82

1.70

1.69

1.65

1.65

1.68

1.62

1.69

1.68

1.62

1.62

1.68

1.76

1.69

1.71

1.69

1.61

1.61

2.75

3.70

2.25 

2.90

Feb.

2.70

2.30

1.75

1.84

1.92

1.78

1.62

1.61

1.51

1.42

1.36

1.29

1.48

1.60

1.58

1.66

1.65

1.78

2.20

1.95

1.74

1 56

1.54

1.50

1.68

1.89

2.50

2.70

.......

Mar.

2.50

2.25

1.85

1.85

1.72

1.62

1.88

1.32

1.92

2.15

2.00

2.10

1.85

2.20

2.70

2.25

1.78

2.00

1.88

1.98

2 in

2.65

2.05

2.20

2.50

3.90

3.80

2 7fl

2.85 

2.00

Apr.

1.74

1.68

1.61

1.56

1.61

3.50

3.20

2.60

2.10

2.00

1.96

l.>86

1.92

2.10

2.70

2.15

1.92

1.81

1.81

1.91

1 84

1.92

1.90

1.79

1.71

1.71

1.68

1.71

1.81

1.79

May.

1.69

1.90

1.79

1.70

1.62

1.58

1.5J

L42

1.46

1.46

1.45

1.41

1.44

1.42

1.41

1.44

1.32

1.31

1.54

1.66

1.58

1.44

1.39

1.38

1.38

1.45

1.36

1.31

1.32

1.28 

1.25

June.

1.44

1.36

1.25

1.21

1.18

1.44

2.20

1.85

1.54

1.61

1.48

1.56

2.40

1.95

1.69

1.46

1.44

1.35

1.31

1.31

1.29

1.21

1.25

1.21

1.21

1.24

1.32

1.31

1.29

1.19

July.

1.12

1.10

1.08

1.05

1.04

1.11

1.10

1.09

1.05

1.04

1.02

1.00

1.09

1.05

1.11

1.06

1.08

1.25

1.12

1.14

1.10

1.16

1.14

1.20

1.18

1.16

1.14

1.11

1.18

1.15 

1.11

Aug.

1.09

1.10

1.11

1.09

1.08

1.06

1.05

1.08

1.06

1.05

1.02

1.00

0.96

0.91

0.92

1.35

1.14

1.11

1.09

1.02

1.04

1.09

1.11

1.10

1 10

1.22

1.34

1.42

1.52

1.55 

1.48

Sept.

1.32

1.38

1.24

1.21

1.14

1.21

1.15

1.11

1.14

1.52

1.54

1.49

1.48

1.40

1.34

1.41

1.35

1.22

1.19

1.16

1.14

 1.11

1.21

1.19

1.12

1.25

1.25

1.28

1.25

1.34

Oct.

1.38

1.86

1.82

1.71

1.69

1.64

1.78

1.80

1.61

1.51

1.46

1.41

1.36

1.29

1.24

1.21

1.21

1.41

4.55

2.65

2.50

3.40

3.60

3.30

2.90

1.84

1.72

1.48

1.51

1.48 

1.51

Nov.

1.64

1.61

1.56

1.41

1.39

1.35

2.05

1.86

1.80

1.72

1.61

1'.51

1.74

1.70

1.81

1.81

1.81

1.76

2.10

1.91

1.75

1.71

1.61

1.66

1.89

1.72

1.70

1.62

1.58

1.56

Dec.

1.59

1.56

1.58

1.51

1.51

1.54

1.59

1.59

1.61

1.56

1.51

1.50

1.49

1.49

1.58

1.75

2.20

1.88

1.71

1.56

1.62

1.60

2.65

2.15

1.86

1.71

1.90

1.89

1.81

1.74 

1.71

NOTE. There is some uncertainty regarding the extent of backwater from ice at this station. It is probable, however, that the relation of gage height to discharge was affected by ice Jan. 1 and Jan. 5 to Mar. 26. 

There was also slight backwater for a few days during December. Gage heights were probably read to 

water surface. Gage heights were probably not materially affected by control now at the mills above the 

station.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 115

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights,

Mass., for 1911.

Day.

1. ..............

2. ..............

3...............

4. ..............

5. ..............

6. ..............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12. ..............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20. ..............

21...............

22...............

23. ..............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28. ..............

29. ..............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

848

588

462

Feb. Mar.

* 

832

799

447

494

238

Apr.

166 'ISO

132

119

132

700

604

416

267

238

227

199

216

267

447

282

216

185

185

213

216

210

179

158

158

150

158

185

179

May.

152

210

179

155

134

124

106

82

93

93

90

80

87

82

80

87

57

54

113

145

124

87

74

79

72

90

67

u

57

48

41

June.

87

67

41

32

27

87

296

196

113

132

98

119

355

224

152

93

87

64

54

*A

CA

32

41

32

32

39

57

54

50

28

July.

17

14

12

8.5

7.4

16

14

13

8.5

7.4

5.2

3

13

8.5

16

10

12

41

17

20

14

24

20

30

27

24

20

16

27

22

16

Aug.

13

14

16

13

12

10

8.5

12

10

8.5

5.2

3

2.6

2.1

2.2

64

20

16

13

5.2

7.4

13

16

14

14

34

62

82

108

116

98

Sept.

54

72

39

32

20

32

22

16

20

108

114

100

98

77

62

80

64

34

28

24

20

16

32

28

17

41

41

48

41

62

Oct.

72

199

188

158

152

139

177

182

132

106

93

80

67

50

3d

32

32

80

1,050

432

385

668

733

636

509

193

160

98

106

98

106

Nov.

139

132

119

80

74

64

252

199

182

160

132

106

166

155

185

185

185

171

267

213

168

158

132

145

207,

160

155

134

124

119

Dec.

126

119

124

106

106

113

126

126

132

119

106

103

100

100

124

168

296

204

158

119

134

129

432

282

199

158

210

207

185

166

158

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a discharge rating curve fairly well denned below 300 secondfeet. The discharge during periods when ice existed omitted, except during December, when the backwater was so slight as to be practically negligible.

Monthly discharge of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass., for 1911.

[Drainage area, 53 square miles.]

Month.

March........................ ..........

April...................................

May. ...................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

848

832 

700 

210 

355 

41 

116 

114 

1,050 

267 

432

1,050

Minimum.

119 

41 

27 

3 

2.1 

16 

32 

64 

100

2.1

Mean.

134 

35 

141 

238 

96.4 

93.1 

16.2 

26.3 

48.1 

231 

156 

159

115

Per 

square 

mile.

2.53 

.660 

2.66 

449 

1.82 

1.76 

.306 

.496 

.908 

4.36 

2.94 

3.00

2.17

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.92 

.69 

3.07 

5.01 

2.10 

1.96 

.35 

.57 

1.01 

5.03 

3.28 

3.46

29.45

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

C. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 and Jan. 5 to Mar. 26 estimated from the discharge at Knightville and climatotogic records. Discharge Jan. 1 estimated 100 second-feet. Mean discharge Jan. 5 to 31 estimated at 80 

second-feet; mean discharge Mar. 1 to 26, estimated at 60 second-feet.
116 SUBFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I.

WESTFIELD LITTLE BIYEB NEAR. BLAND FORD, MASS.

Location. A short distance below Borden Brook at Cobble Mountain, near Blandford, Mass.

Records available. July 13, 1905, to December 31, 1909. Records not yet made 

available for 1910 and 1911.

Drainage area. 43 square miles.

Gages. Staff gages and a chain gage have been used to obtain gage heights. All 

gages referred to the same datum which has remained unchsJhged since the station was established.

Channel. Conditions for obtaining accurate discharge data are good.

Discharge measurements. Made from a car and cable or by wading.

Weir. A sharp crested weir, about 30 feet long, capable of carrying a depth of flow 

of 1J feet, was constructed a short distance below the current-meter station 

August 10, 1906, and was maintained with some interruptions until September, 

1907, when it was destroyed by high water. The weir gage was read at approximately the same time as the cuurent-meter gage, and comparative readings furnish 

considerable information as to the accuracy of the station records.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Utilization of water. Westfield Little River is used by the city of Springfield as 

a source of domestic water supply. A large storage reservoir has been built on 

the upper part of Borden Brook, and a concrete diversion dam near the corners 

of Russell, Westfield, and Granville. The water is then carried by a tunnel 

through the mountain, a distance of about 'a mile, to the filter plant at Mundale, 

whence it is taken through a steel pipe line to Springfield. A distributing reservoir about 5 miles from Springfield is provided at Provin Mountain, Westfield.

Accuracy. An excellent discharge rating curve has been developed.

 Cooperation. Established and maintained in cooperation with the water board of 

the city of Springfield, through its engineer, E. E. Lochridge. Data for 1911 not 

yet available.

HOUSATONIC RIVER BASIN.

HOTJSATONIC BIVEB AT OAYLOBDSVILLE, CONN.

Location. At the covered wooden highway bridge at Gaylordsville, about 2 miles 

below the mouth of Tenmile River.

Becords available. October 24, 1900, to December 31,1909.

Drainage area. 1,020 square miles.

Gage. Chain attached to the bridge, read once each day, datum unchanged.

Channel. Conditions for obtaining accurate discharge data are good.

Discharge measurements. Made from a cable 1J miles below the gage, as the 

cross section at the bridge is unfavorable for accurate measurements.

Artificial control. Upstream, the nearest dam is at Bulls Bridge. Downstream, 

the nearest dam is at New Milford, about 7 miles below the station. At high 

stages backwater from the dam below may slightly affect the relation between 

gage height and discharge. The operation of the power plants above the station 

greatly controls the low-stage flow; consequently, the daily gage heights do not 

correctly represent the averages for 24-hour periods.

Winter flow. Affected by ice for short periods.

Accuracy. A good discharge rating curve has been developed. Accurate computation of the diurnal fluctuation of discharge caused by the operation of the 

mills above the station has been rendered impossible by insufficient funds. It 

is proposed to install an automatic gage to determine the relation between the
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 117

daily gage heights heretofore recorded and the true mean gage heights, thus 

making possible the publication of accurate computations of daily discharge 

from the inception of the station to date. The gage heights for 1911 are withheld 

pending this investigation, as no gage heights recorded at this station are true 

indexes of the daily discharge.

Cooperation. Observer paid by United States Weather Bureau from November to 

April.

HUDSON RIVER BASIN.

COMPARISON OF DISCHARGE OF STREAMS IN THE HUDSON

RIVER BASIN.

The following records of discharge in the Hudson Eiver drainage basin are published 

for the purpose of comparison and of analytical study ,and reference. The records 

for Hudson Eiver published in Water-Supply Papers 241, 261, 281, and 301, which 

are assumed to be essentially correct, are used in the tables below, but certain sources 

of minor errors in the monthly mean discharge should be noted.

Hudson River at North Creek. Same rating curve used 1907-1911.

Hudson River at Thurman. Same rating curve used 1907-1911; all determinations 

of discharge exceeding about 8,000 second-feet, published 1907-1911, are about 1 to 

5 per cent too low. 

, Hudson River at Corinth. Records used as published on pages 136-137.

Hudson River at Mechanicville. No change in published record except that 190 

second-feet has been added to discharge May to November on account of diversion to 

Lake Champlain Canal.

Schroon River at Riverbank. Correct rating curves used 1907-1911, except for discharge exceeding about 5,000 second-feet, for which the published figures are about 

1 to 5 per cent too low for 1907-1909.

Sacandaga River at Wells. Revised determinations published in Water-Supply 

Paper 281 used.

Sacandaga River at Northville. Same curve for high stages from 1907-1910; two 

different curves used for low and medium stages. It is probable that the extreme 

low discharge at Northville in 1910 ia considerably too high.

Sacandaga River at Hadley. Records at this station are unsatisfactory most of the 

time on account of frequent log jams at and below the gage section. No change made 

in published records of discharge, although they are at times subject to considerable 

error.

The comparisons are made by means of ratios. As a guide or index to the normal 

ratios of discharge, the ratios of the drainage areas are also given. All drainage area 

ratios are less than unity, that is, in their determination the area of the upstream 

station is used as the numerator. Natural or artificial causes entirely apart from 

errors involved in collecting and compiling stream-flow data may, of course, make the 

ratio of monthly mean discharge depart widely from the ratio of drainage area. The 

amount of probable departure depends primarily on the magnitude of the ratio of the 

drainage areas. If the drainage area ratio were unity, all departures of monthly mean 

ratios from the drainage area ratio would be due to errors in the records. If the drainage area ratio were very small, little significance could be attached to very wide 

departure of the monthly mean discharge ratio from the drainage area ratio. In 

general, unless the discharge is controlled by artificial storage, the monthly mean 

discharge ratio should be lower than the drainage area ratio during the period when 

the streams are frozen, higher during the spring run-off, lower during the late summer 

and fall, higher during periods of high water, and lower during periods of low water. 

At certain tunes of the year the departure is likely to be considerable, on account of 

unequal distribution of precipitation and run-off. These inequalities are more evenly
118 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

balanced over large areas than over small ones. Monthly mean discharge ratios greater 

than unity are of course due to error in the records. For long periods, euch as a year 

or more, the discharge ratio, as a rule, should be very nearly the same as the drainage 

area ratio, although there are many notable exceptions to this rule, particularly for 

ratios less than about 0.60.

The preceding statements apply only to dependent streams, streams whose discharge 

in the numerator of the ratio is also included in the denominator. Natural variations 

in conditions affecting run-off in adjacent independent drainage areas are eo great as 

usually to render ratio comparisons of discharge of little value.

In investigating apparent discrepancies in the monthly mean discharge ratios, 

consideration should be given to the relative amount of precipitation in the partial 

areas and also to natural and artificial conditions affecting the discharge.

In view of the small amount of money available and the difficulties of determining 

the discharge of the upper Hudson and its principal tributaries the Schroon and the 

Sacandag^, it is believed that the records are very good. The flow of all these streams 

is affected by ice for nearly four months of the year,r after which comes log driving 

with more or less flushing to drive the logs downstream. Logs are stranded or jam 

on the shoals and bars and in many places these log jams affect the relation of gage 

height to discharge for several months, necessitating very frequent measurements to 

determine the discharge accurately. Nearly all faulty determinations of monthly 

mean discharge are too high on account of backwater caused by ice or logs at or below 

stations.

The ratios show that many errors remain in the published records of discharge even 

after all possible care and attention have been given to their elimination. Some of 

the records are far from satisfactory even for preliminary studies, but under present 

conditions it is impossible to improve them.

The Survey's work in this region and also in other parts of the country emphasizes 

the need of larger funds for use in determining accurately the daily discharge of the 

Hudson and its tributaries at various points when the proposed storage reservoirs are 

completed, in order that water users on that river shall not be unjustly taxed for 

supposed benefits which they may not really receive.

For the purpose of properly regulating the discharge in future years, the records of 

discharge obtained at the dams on the Hudson would probably not be as satisfactory 

as records obtained at current-meter stations, first, on account of possible bias of the 

power users, and, second, because the involved character of the determinations of 

discharge at power plants and the many assumptions and hypothetical formulas used 

make many of them far from trustworthy. For discharge records already obtained at 

dams on the Hudson, the reader is referred to the report of the New York State engineer and surveyor for 1910, pages 617 to 641. The two sets of records obtained at the 

Mechanicville stations appear good when compared with each other, but the records 

at Crockers Reef dam and Fort Edward appear very poor.
FOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 119

Comparisons, by-monthly means, of discharge in the Hudson River drainage basin from

1904 to 1911.

Drainage area, sq.

1904.

July................

August .............

September. .........

December...........

1905.

March..............

April...............

May................

July................

The year. .....

1906.

March. ....

April...............

May................

July................

August. ............

October.............

December. ..........

The year......

1907. 

January.............

February. ..........

March..............

April...............

May................

July................

September..........

October.............

The year......

Hudson. 

North 

Creek.

804

2,120 

2,530 

1,970

Schroon, Riverbank.

534

184 

545 

1,530 

1,130

North 

Creek + Riverbank.

1,340

2,660 

4,060 

3,100

Hudson, 

Thur-

 ma.T»,

«

1,550

1,520 

2,980 

4,530 

3,580

Sacandaga.

WeDs.

263

172 

479 

936 

749

Northville.

740

550 

2,000 

3,420 

3.J050

Hadley.

1,050

1

2,260 

4,160 

3,040

Thurman + Hadley.

2,600

5,240 

8,690 

6,620

Hudson.

Corinth.

2,730

5,520 

2,460 

3,030

2,890 

7,830

2,840 

2,080

2,600 

1,860 

5,030 

18,200 

6,970 

. 9,900 

6,580 

3,570 

9,350 

4,340 

4,730 

4,790

6,490

6,400 

3,950 

4,580 

16,200 

10,400 

6,120 

3,880 

2,020 

1,870 

2,210 

3,150 

2,380

5,250

6,240 

2,110 

6,510 

13,100 

11,100 

3,670 

2,650 

1,720 

2,800 

6,220 

10,200 

7,710

6,190

Mfechanicville 

+ Lake Champlain 

Canal.o

4,500 

6,950

6,850

4,830 

3,920

6,100 

3,540 

9,390 

22,700 

8,360 

9,740 

7,130 

5,820 

12,200 

6,260

9,310 

7,650 9,000" 

20,600 

13,600 

9,480 

5,970 

3,670 

3,260 

3,560 

5,320 

4,870

8,020

10,300 

4,140 

9,570 

16,600 

14,100 

5,750 

4,310 

2,580 

6,340 

9,750 

14,200 

12,000

9,140

Canal assumed in operation May to November inclusive and to be carrying 190 second-feet.
120 SUEFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I.

Comparisons, by monthly means, of discharge in the Hudson River drainage basin from

1904 to 1911 Continued.

1908.

April...............

May................

July................

1909.

April...............

May................

July................

1910.

July................

1911.

April................

May.................

July.................

September..........

October. ............

December...........

The year. .....

Hudson. 

North 

Creek.

1,300 

2,020 

2,730 

5,270 

5,230 

818 

830 

742 

525 

532 

626 

570

1,770

622 

1,'280 

1,180 

6 290 

5,150 

1,360 

679 

773 

807 

717 

737 

427

1,670

593 

677 

,3,640 

3,560 

2,380 

1,840 

508 

956 

986 

1,130 

910 

570

1,480

750 

685 

675 

3,570 

2,620 

1,230 

706 

791 

522 

924 

1,010 

1,850

1.280

Schroon, 

Kiverbank.

1,010 

1,130 

1,300 

3,160 

2,790 

700 

335 

117 

160 

159 

195 

198

938

255 

872 

1,040 

3,970 

2,630 

1,110 

343 

100 

108 

110 

188 

218

912

188 

363 

1,910 

2,780 

1,700 

1,400 

260 

186 

348 

368 

399 

219

843

357 

250 

310 

2,130 

1,420 

625 

189 

99.2- 

151 

333 

610 

1,060

628

North Creek -tKiverbank.

2,310 

3,150 

4,030 

8,430 

8,020 

1,520 

1,160 

859 

685 

691 

821 

768

2,710

877 

2,150 

2,220 

10,300 

7,780 

2,470 

1,020 

873 

915 

827 

925 

645

2,580

781 

1,040 

5,550 

6,340 

4,080 

3,240 

768 

1,140 

1,330 

1,500 

1,310 

789

2,320

1,110 

935 

985 

5,700 

4,04Q 

1,860 

895 

890 

673 

1,260 

1,620 

2,910

1.910

 Hudson, 

Thurnian.

2,620 

3,630 

4,760 

8,520 

7,900 

1,700 

1,410 

943 

728 

779 

919 

900

2,900

1,100 

2,700 

2,610 

9,680 

7,860 

2,810 

1,110 

960 

913 

795 

835 

800

2,680

900 

1,200 

6,500 

6,810 

3,950 

3,800 

819 

1,220 

1,420 

1,590 

1,490 

860

2,550

1,200 

1,000 

1,250 

7,000 

4,380 

1,880 

923 

862 

710 

1,300 

1,570 

2,800

2.070

Sacandaga.

Wells.

450 

724 

844 

2,250 

1,550 

292 

65.1 

29.2 

18.4 

66.9 

112 

262

554

456 

931 

535 

2,410 

1,560 

441 

78.1 

40.9 

22.5 

29.6 

52.5 

69.7

546

368 

300 

1,800 

1,420 

949 

826 

64.5 

160 

307 

262 

320 

120

575

240 

170 

248 

1,550 

1,330 

594 

66.5 

33.1

Northville.

1,430 

2,660 

2,880 

9,600 

6,040 

862 

252 

144 

63.9 

208 

389 

446

2,080

1,130 

2,650 

1,580 

9,210 

4,220 

1,300 

226 

189 

75.2 

157 

182 

250

1,760

900 

750 

5,300 

4,600 

2,630 

2,240 

245 

367 

520 

600 

850 

350

1,620

Hadley.

1,900 

3,420 

3,480 

10 200 

7,440 

1,300 

382 

233 

138 

367 

621 

637

2,500

1,680 

3,820 

2,250 

12,300 

6,280 

1,660 

378 

352 

216 

303 

387 

456

2,510

1,120 

1,020 

7,710 

6,070 

3,540 

3,640 

358 

465 

611 

696 

1,130 

543

2,240

1,030 

735 

1,250 

5,920 

2,930 

1,470 

296 

202 

659 

2,680 

2,680 

3,710

1.970

ThurjnanHHadley.

4,520 

7,050 

8,230 

18,700 

15,300 

3,000 

1,790 

1,180 

866 

1,150 

1,440 

1,540

5,400

2,780 

6,520 

4,860 

22,000 

14,100 

4,470 

1,490 

1,310 

1,130 

1,100 

1,220 

1,260

5,190

2,020 

2,220 

14,200 

12,900 

7,490 

7,440 

1,180 

1,680 

2,030 

2,290 

2,620 

1,400

4,790

2,230 

1,740 

2,500 

12,900 

7,310 

3,360 

1,220 

1,060 

1,370 

3,980 

4,250 

6,510

4.0)0

Hudson.

Corinth.

5,320 

6,070 

9,630 

19,800 

16,300 

2,760 

2,060 

1,940 

1,580 

1,970 

2,060 

1,810

5,930

3,990 

8,590 

5,910 

23,400 

15,500 

4,860 

1,560 

1,390 

1,250 

1,310 

1,450 

1,200

5,820

2,490 

2,410 

16,000 

14,900 

8,880 

8,820 

1,450 

1,820 

2,270 

2,420 

2,740 

1,540

5,490

2,640 

2,040 

2,790 

14,700 

8,770 

4,690 

1,490 

1,590 

2,130 

5,610 

5,690 

8,680

5.060

Mechanicville 

+ Lake Champlain 

Canal.o

8,410 

9,690 

14,000 

22,300 

18,100 

3,950 

2,330 

1,960 

1.210 

1,570 

2,040 

2,010

7,300

5,210 

11,600 

9,220 

25,800 

17,200 

6,210 

2,170 

1,710 

1,650 

1,750 

1,870 

1,570

7,160

5,190 

5,480 

21,400 

17,600 

9,420 

10,400 

1,790 

2,180 

2,460 

2,730 

3,470 

2,010

7,010

5,270 

3,370

5; 780 

16,800 

9,450 

4,620 

1,550 

1,370 

2,190 

7,430 

7,750 

10,000

6.300

o Canal assumed in operation May to November, inclusive, and to be carrying 190 second-feet.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 121

Comparisons, by monthly ratios, of discharge in the Hudson River drainage basin from

1904-1911.

1904.

July.......................................

1905.

March.....................................

April... . ..................................

May.......................................

July.......................................

1906.

April......................................

May.......................................

July.......................................

September. ...............................

December. ................................

The year...........................

1907.

April......................................

May.......................................

July.......................................

The year ...........................

1908. 

January. ..................................

April.....................................

May......................................

July......................................

October. ..................................

December .................................

Year................................

North 

Creek+

bank.

Thurman.

0.86

.89

.90

a?

.88

.87

.85

.99

1.02

.89

.82

.91

.94

.89

.89

.85

.93

Wells.

Northville.

0.36

.31

.24

.27

.25

.31

.27

.29

.23

.26

.34

.26

.20

.29

.32

.29

.59

.27

Northville.

Hadley.

0.70

1

.88

.82

1.00

.75

.78

.83

.94

.81

.66

.66

.62

.46

.57

.75

.70

.83

ThurHadley.

Corinth.

0.95

*

»

.84

.85

.86

.85

1.16

.85

.94

.94

1.09

.87

.61

.56

.58

.70

.85

.91

Thurman+

Hadley.

Mechanicvttle.

0.58

...........

.54

.61

.55

.54

.73

.59

.84

.85

.76

.77

.60

.72

.73

.71

.77

.74

Corinth.

Mechanicville.

.79

.42

.59

.43

.53

.54

.80

.83

. 1.02

.92

.61

.77

.69

.69

.52

.51

.79

.76

.65

.65

.55

.57

.62

.59

.49

.65

.61

.51

.68

.79

. .79

.64

.61

.67

.44

.64

.72

.64

.68

.63

.63

.69

.89

.90

.70

.88

.99

1.31

1.25

1.01

.90

.81
122 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Comparisons, by monthly ratios, of discharge in the Hudson River drainage basin from

1904-1911 Continued.

1909. 

January ...................................

April .....................................

May......................................

July......................................

December.. . ..............................

Year................................

1910.

March. ......................

April.....................................

July......................................

September. ...............................

October. ..................................

November................. ...

December. ................'.......... .

Year................................

1911.

March ....

Mav ...

July......................................

September. ...............................

December. ...................*............

Year................................

North 

Creek+

bank.

Thurman.

0.80

.80

.85

1.06

.99

.88

.92

.91

1.00

1.04*

1.11

.81

.96

.87

.87

.85

.93

1.03

.85

.94

.93

.94

.94

.88

.92

.91

.92

.94

.79

.81

.92

00

.97

1.03

.95

.97

1.03

1.04

.92

Wells.

Northville.

0.40

.35

.34

.26

.37

.34

.35

.22

.30

.19

.29

.28

.31

.41

.40

.34

.31

.36

.37

.26

.44

.59

.44

.38

.34

.36

Northville.

Hadley.

0.67

.69

.70

.75

.67

.78

.60

.54

.35

.52

.47

.55

.70

.80

.73

.69

.76

.74

.62

.68

.79

.85

.86

.75

.64

.72

ThurHadley.

Corinth.

0.70

.76

.82

.94

.91

.92

.96

.94

.90

.84

.84

1.05

.89

.81

.92

.89

.87

.84

.84

.81

.92

.89

.95

.96

.91

.87

.84

.85

.90

.88

.83

.71

.82

.67

.64

.71

.75

.75

.80

Thurman+

Hadley.

Mechanicville.

0.53

.56

.53

.85

.82

.72

.69

.77

.68

.63

.65

.80

.72

.39

.40

.66

.73

.80

.71

.66

.77

.83

.84

.75

.70

.68

.42

.52

.43

.77

.77

.72

.79

.77

.63

.54

.55

.65

.64

Corinth.

Mechanicville.

0.77

.74

.64

.91

.90

.78

.72

.81

.76

.75

.78

.76

.81

.48

.44

.75

.85

.94

.85

.81

.83

.92

.89

.79

.77

.78

.50

.61

.48

.88

.93

1.01

.96

1.16

.97

.76

.73

.87

.80

HUDSON RIVER AT NORTH CREEK, N. Y.

Location. At the highway bridge in the village of North Creek, immediately above 

the mouth of North Creek, which enters the Hudson from the right.

Records available. September 21,1907, to December 31,1911. Data also in annual 

reports of the State Water Supply Commission and the State engineer and surveyor, and in the 1911 report of the State of New York Conservation Commission.

Drainage area. 804 square miles.

Gage. Chain, read twice daily; datum, unchanged.

Channel. Heavy gravel; considered fairly permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from the two-span steel highway bridge.

Artificial control. The numerous lakes and ponds in the basin of the upper Hudson have a decided effect on the low-water flow; especially is this true of Indian 

Lake. 1 The use of these storage reservoirs in the spring in connection with log 

driving tends to vitiate the daily records at all the gaging stations. Where 

possible, allowance is made for the effect of logging operations. v

i See Indian Lake at Indian Lake, N. Y., p. 140.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 123

Winter flow. Winters are severe in the northern part of the State and determinations of flow for the winter months are approximate because of ice.

Accuracy. Discharge rating curve very well defined. Determinations of discharge 

for open-water periods considered excellent.

Cooperation. Station established and maintained by United States Geological 

Survey in cooperation with the State Water Supply Commission of New York.

Discharge measurements of Hudson River at North Creek, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

Jan. Ida

Feb. 116

28c

Apr. Id

19

July 13

16

Hydrographer.

F. J. Shuttleworth............................. ...........................

C.S.DeGolyer...... ....................................................

W. G.Hoyt..............................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

4.46

4.40

4.00

4.26

4.85

3.37

3.07

3.12

3.04

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

728

709

661

1,700

3,770

1 360

1,010

1,020

902

o Partial ice cover; average thickness of ice, 1.2 feet. 

6 Partial ice cover; average thickness of ice, 1.4 feet, 

c Complete ice cover; average thickness of ice, 1.3 feet. 

d 95 per cent ice cover; average thickness of ice, 1.4 feet. 

« Some floating ice and shore ice.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hudson River at North Creek, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Gilbert Dean, observer.]

Day.

1..... ..........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5........ ......- 

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15..

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31..... . .........

Jan.

3.3

3.4

3.3

1 3.03

3.05

3.35

3.4

3.7

3.75

3.5

4.2

3.7

Feb.

4.2

4.4

4.2

4.0

Mar.

3.5

3.9

q Q

3.6

Apr.

4.2

4.26

4.4

4.3

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.3

5.5

5.3

A. Q

4.9

4 Q

5.2

4.8

4.7

4.8

5.3

6.0

6.5

6.6

6.7

6.3

May.,

6.8

7.8

7.6

6.1

5.2

3.8

4.6

3.75

3.95

4.5

3.9

4.3

4.2

q q

3.35

2.85

4 4

3.1

2.65

3.45

3.4

2.8

3.4

2.4

3 7

3.5

2 Q

2.8

2.6

June.

2.65

3.2

3.15

3.1

3.0

3.2

3.2

3 q

3.4

3.6

3.6

4.0

4.2

4 4

4.2

4.3

3.8

3.6

s s

3.05

2 Q

9 ft

2.7

2

0

2.5

2 4ft

2.44

2.7

2

O

2 -19

July.

2.39

2.38

2.25

2.18

2.11

2.06

2.7

2

0

2

Q

2.9

3.1

3.1

3.05

3.05

3.05

3

1

3.05

2 95

2

0

2.75

2.7

2.7

2 7

9 7

2

0

3

f\

3.0

3 AC

3.0

Aug.

3.0

2.97

2.96

2.94

2.94

2.94

2.94

2 CM.

2.92

2.9

2.91

2.9

2 ftQ

2

QQ

2.87

2 Cft

2 Oft

2.85

2

CA

2.82

2.8

2.78

2.78

2 ft

2 7ft

2.8

2 08

3.3

9 09

Sept.

2.65

2.15

2.02

1.98

1.95

2.28

2.7

3.0

3.1

2.8

2.6

2.65

2.46

2 44

2.41

2.55

2.6

2.7

*<y 40

2.4

2.3

2.75

2.75

2.7

2.75

9 7

2 7

2.65

2.65

2.65

Oct.

2.7

2.75

2.8

2.95

3.2

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.05

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.48

2.43

2

KC

3.1

3.4

3.35

3.3

3.25

3.5

3.55

3.3

<> 1C

3.0

9 O

2.85

2.75

Nov.

2.8

9 Q

2.8

2.75

2.7

2.7

2.75

q q

3.6

3.75

3.65

3.45

3.55

q ftK

3.6

3.3

3.1

3 fVK

3.15

3.15

3.05

3.0

3.0

9 Q

2.75

2.7

9 7

2.6

2.75

3.1

Dec.

3.1

3.1

3.0

2.85

2.7

2.8

2.7

2 7

2.69

2.8

3.15

3.65

5.1

5.8

5.4

A Q

4.5

4.1

3.75

3.5

3.3

3.25

3.85

4.4

4.3

4.1

3

n

3.65

3

0

3.15

3.15

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from Jan. 1 to Apr. 7. Probably no backwater during December. Gage heights were probably to the surface of the water. No notes regarding 

backwater from logs given by the observer.
124 STJBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hudson River at North Creek, N.- Y., for 1911.

Day.

1.... ..................................

2......................................

3......................................

4......................................

5......................................

6.............. ......................

7......................................

8......................................

9......................................

10.... . ... ...........................

11.... ... .. .... ...........

12......................................

13......................................

14......................................

15......................................

16......................................

17......................................

18.................... ....

19..........................

20.......................... ......

21....................

22....................

23.................... .................

24......................................

25.............................!........

26..................................

27..................................

28.................................... .

29................................

30.................................... .

31................................

Apr.

1,700

1,900

2,100

2,300

2,500

2,570

2 740

3 nnn

4,000

5,200

4,740

3,880

3,880

3,880

4,520

3,680

3 480

3,680

4 740

6,430

7,770

8,050

8

Q*m

7,220

May.

8,620

11,600

11,000

6,690

4,520

1,920

3,290

1,840

2,160

3,100

2,080

2 7JA

2,570

1,220

1,280

388

745

990

570

1,420

388

1,350

700

1 W\

400

1,770

1,480

790

700

530

June.

570

1,100

1,040

990

890

1,100

1,100

1,220

1,350

1,620

1,620

2 9JA

2

E7fl

2,920

2

K7A

2,740

1,920

1,620

1,220

940

7on

700

610

530

460

436

424

610

700

412

July.

394

388

315

281

250

229

610

700

700

790

990

oon

odn

odn

QJA

990

940

840

700

655

655

610

610

610

610

700

890

890

QJA

890

890

Aug.

890

860

850

830

830

830

830

830

810

' 790

800 7on

7Q1

772

763

754

763

754

745

745

736

718

700

682

682

700

682

700

870

1,220

810

Sept.

570

268

213

198

188

330

610

890

990

700

530

570

436

A()A

406

495

530

610

448

400

340

655

655

610

655

610

610

570

570

570

Oct.

610

655

700

840

1,100

1,350

1,220

1,220

1,100

940

890

700

610

530

460

448

418

495

990

1,350

1,280

1,220

1,160

1,480

1,550

1,220

1,040

890

790

745

655

Nov.

700

790

700

655

610

610

655

1,220

1,620

1,840

1,700

1,420

1,550

1,700

1,620

1,220

990

940

1,040

1,040

940

890

890

790

655

610

610

530

655

990

Dec.

990

990

890

745

610

700

610

610

602

700

1,040

1,700

4,300

5,930

4,970

3,680

3,100

2,400

1,840

1,480

1,220

1,160

2,000

2,920

2,740

2,400

2,080

1,700

1,100

1,040

1,040

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve.

Monthly discharge of Hudson River at North Creek, JV. Y.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area,« 807 square miles.]

Month.

January. ................................

April...................................

May....................................

July....................................

December. ..............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

8,330 

11,600 

2,920 

990 

1,220 

990 

1,550 

1,840 

5,930

11,600

Minimum.

388 

412 

229 

682 

188 

418 

530 

602

188

Mean.

750 

685 

675 

3,570 

2,620 

1,230 

706 

791 

522 

924 

1,010 

1,850

1,280

Per

square 

mile.

0.930 

.849 

.836 

4.42 

3.25 

-1.52 

.875 

.980 

.647 

1.14 

1.25 

2.29

1.59

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.07 

.88 

.96 

4.93 

3.75 

1.70 

1.01 

1.13 

.72 

1.31 

1.40 

2.64

21.50

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

C.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 to Apr. 7 estimated by means of 4 discharge measurements made with ice present, 

the discharge at other stations in the upper Hudson River basin, and climatologic records. In determining 

discharge for February, due allowance was made for effect of draft on storage at Indian Lake, amounting to 

about 170 second-feet. No material effect from storage during January and March.

Mean discharge Apr. 1 to 6 estimated 817 second-feet.

«Incorrect drainage area, it should be 804 square miles.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 125

HUDSON EIVEE AT THtTRMAN, N. Y.

Location. At the Delaware & Hudson Railroad bridge leading from Thurman to 

Warrensburg, about 950 feet below the highway bridge to Warrensburg, about 

2,000 feet below the mouth of Schroon River, and about 13 miles above the mouth 

of Sacandaga River, which enters from the right.

Records available. September 1, 1907, to December 31,'1911; data also in annual 

reports of the New York State Water Supply Commission and the State engineer 

and surveyor, and the 1911 report of the State Conservation Commission of New 

York.

Drainage area. 1,550 square miles.

Gage. Chain; read three times daily; datum unchanged.

Channel. Sand and gravel; liable to shift.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Artificial control. The influence of storage at Indian Lake and of mill control on 

Schroon River is observable at this station.

Winter flow. Station discontinued during the winter months because of ice. Winter 

flow estimated from the determinations of combined flow at Riverbank and North 

Creek plus an estimated inflow between the two stations.

Accuracy. Accuracy of the determinations to some extent impaired as the result 

of accumulations of logs at the control point below the section and also around 

the piers of the bridge. Discharge rating curve very well defined and determinations of flow during the open water season are considered fairly accurate.

Cooperation. Station established by United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the State Water Supply Commission of New York. Gage heights, 

January to March and December 17 to 31, furnished by Albany office of United 

States Weather Bureau.

Discharge measurements of Hudson River at Thurman, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

28o

2o

27o

Hydrographer.

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

G.H.Canfield..... .......................................................

&.

Feet. 

3.27

2.88

2.88

2.31

2.22

9 ^A

3.58

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,880

984

Q7Q

519

474

689

2,140

o Log jams in river below bridge produced backwater effect at gage.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hudson River at Thurman, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[8. H. Spencer, observer.}

Day.

1........ .......

2...............

3...............

6...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10.--.....,......

Jan.

3.8

42

4.3

4.2

3.9

3.8

3.9

as

41

40

Feb.

41

4.2

4.5

4.4

4.5

4.5

4.5

4.5

45

45

Mar.

4.4

4.4

4/4

43

4.2

44

44

4.3

4.3

43

Apr. May.

6 40

7.10

6.90

6.00

5.70

4 70

5.20

3.80

4.50

440

June.

2.85

3.00

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.95

3.25

3.35

3.45

3.25

July.

2.55

2.19

2.26

1.95

2.37

2 70

2.75

3.05

2.80

2.95

Aug.

2.88

2.94

2.82

2.80

2.85

2.75

2.77

2.81

2.75

2.77

Sept.

2.75

2.25

1.95

1.90

2.00

2.08

3.05

2.75

3.25

2.85

Oct.

2.90

2.75

2.70

2.90

3.10

3.25

3.25

3.16

3.25

3.10

Nov.

3.05

3.10

2.90

2.72

2.95

2.95

a 05

3.30

aes

3.75

Dec.

5.30

3.25

3.20

2.95

3.00

3.05

2.95

2.77

2.90

3.00
126 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hudson River at Thurman, N. Y.,for 1911 Continued.

Day.

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20.. .............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24. ..............

25. ..............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

4.0

4.0

a n

4.0

4 n

40

3.8

3.8

4.0

43

4.3

43

43

43

43

43

A O

4.3

4.2

4.0

4 1

Feb.

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.6

4 %

45

45

43

4 4

44

47

A. I

4 4

A. O

45

44

45

4.4

Mar.

43

3.9

A O

4.0

i n

40

3.8

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.7

3.7

3.7

o 7

3.6

40

43

43

43

43

Apr. May.

440

3.80

3.60

3.85

3.56

3.05

3.00

410

3.25

2.95

3.70

3.30 9 on

3.20

3

cn

3.70

3.05

3.15

2.95

2.74

2.75

June.

3.30

3.75

3.95

420

3.95

4.20

3.75

3.50

3.30

3.15

3.05

3.00

2.85

2.75

2.60

2.65

2.65

2.95

2.65

July.

3.10

3.05

2.95

2.95

3.00

2.85

3.10

3.00

2.95

2.75

2.75

2.65

2.60

2.70

2.56

2.60

2.90

2.90

2.95

2.75

2.85

Aug.

2.77

2.75

2.74

2.77

2.76

2.74

2.72

2.75

2.77

2.62

2.74

2.67

2.67

2.63

2.67

2.66

2.60

2.75

2.91

2.97

2.85

Sept.

2.85

2.75

2.60

2.48

2.43

2.38

2.45

2.90

2.60

2.41

2.23

2.65

2.65

2.60

2.60

2.60

2.55

2.50

2.55

2.60

Oct.

2.95

2.80

2.56

2.70

2.27

2.60

2.41

3.55

3.55

3.65

3r35

3.40

3.55

3.60

3.45

3.30

3.20

3.05

3.10

3.05

Nov.

3.70

3.40

3 Art

3.70

3.65

3.55

3.25

3.35

3 40

3.45

3.40

3.25

3.30

3.20

3.00

9 on

3.00

2.95

3.10

3.35

Dec.

3.55

A KA

5.20

5.00

45

43

4.1

3.8

3.6

3.4

3.4

4 4

4.5

4 4

45

41

4.0

3.5

3.5

3.5

NOTE: Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice from January to March and probably during 

the first few days in April. There was no backwater from ice during December. It is not known whether 

readings during January to March were to water surface or to the top of the ice. Gage heights Jan. 1 to 

Mar. 31 and Dec. 17 to 31 were taken from the records of the United States Weather Bureau. During 

practically all the period from May to December backwater, caused by log jams below the gage, existed' 

at this station. There may, however, have been no backwater during the first'part of May and during

December.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hudson River at Thurman, N. YV, for 1911.

Day.

1...... ..............................

2....................................

3....................................

4....................................

5....................................

6....................................

7....................................

9....................................

10....................................

11....................................

12....................................

13....................................

14....................................

15....................................

16....................................

17....................................

18....................................

19....................................

20

21....................................

22....................................

23....................................

24....................................

26....................................

26....................................

27....................................

28....................................

29....................................

30....................................

31....................................

May.

11,100

13,200

12,600

9,920

9,020

6,020

7,520

3 480

5 440

5,160

5,160

3,480

2,990

3,610

2 527ft

1,760

1,660

4 9Qft

2,180

1 VIA

3

OOA

2 9on

1,470

2,070

2

7EA

3

oq/\

1 7fifl

1 QfiA

1,560

1 200

1,220

June.

1,380

1,660

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,560

1,840

2 040

1,840

1,940

2,960

4,140

3,460

4 140

2^960

2,370

1 940

1*640

1 460

1*380

1 140 I'oio

74fi

saoft

QQA

OQn

son

July.

788

509

554

375

632

945

1,010

1,460

1,070

1,060

1,260

1,190

1,060

1,060

1,120

(US

1 260

1,120

1,060

OAK

OAK

758

640

800

£752

715

1,000

1,000

1,060

846

945

Aug.

978

1,050

912

890

tut

845

863

Qftl

845

863

863

846

836

863

854

836

818

845

863

732

836

775

775

740

77 K

766

715

845

1,010

1,080

945

Sept.

845

485

358

340

375

407

1,190

845

1,500

945

945

845

715

626

691

558

605

1,000

715

577

 A7K

758

758

715

715

715

fi78

640

678

715

Oct.

1,000

846

800

1,000 1 9fin

1,500

1,500

1,340

1,500

1 260

1,060

890

678

800 /io>;

715

577 Ann

2,080

2 080

2 080

1,680

1,770

2,080

2

1QA

1,880

1,580

1,410

1 ion

1,260

1 ion

Nov. 

/

1,190

1,260

1,000

818

1,060

1 nfin

1,190

1,680

2,300

2,510

2,400

1,770

1,770

2,400

9 *%fVC\

2,080

1,500

1,680 1 77n

1

0 on

1,770

1 %nt\

1,580

1,410

1,120

1,000

1,120

1,060 1 9fin

1,680

Dec.

6,780

1,500

1,410

1,060

1,120

i ion

1 nfifl

Sfi^

1 000

I,'l20

1,410

2,080

4 430

6,480

5,880

4 430

3*870

3 340

9 ion

1,770

1,770

4,160

4,430

4 1 f\n

, 4 430

3,090

1,980

1,980 1 osn

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from three discharge-rating curves applied as follows: Curve 1, the 

1910 curve, applied May 1 to June 6; curve 2, constructed from measurement made June 7, applied June 

7 to July 9; curve 3, constructed from six discharge measurements made July to November, applied July 

10 to Dec. 31. Discharge Oct. 18, estimated.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 127

Monthly discharge of Hudson River at Thurman, N. T.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,550 square miles.]

Month.

March....... ....... ..... ... ..

April....................................

May.....................................

July.....................................

November...............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

13,200 

4,140 

1,460 

1,080 

1,500 

2,190 

2,510 

6,780

13,200

Minimum.

1,200 

740 

375 

715 

340 

495 

818 

863

340

Mean.

1,200 

1,000 

1,250 

7,000 

4,380 

1,880 

923 

862 

710 

1,300 

1,570 

2,800

2,070

Per 

square 

mile.

0.774 

.645 

.806 

4.52 

2.83 

1.21 

.595 

.556 

.458 

.839 

1.01 

1.81

1.34

Run-off 

(depth In 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

0.89 

.67 

.93 

5.04 

3.26 

1.35 

.69 

.64 

.51 

.97 

1.13 

2.09

18.17

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C.

NOTE. Monthly discharge January to April estimated from, the combined flow at North Creek and 

Riverbank, plus an estimated inflow between Thurman and North Creek and Riverbank, effect of storage 

regulation at Indian Lake reservoir being given due consideration.

HUDSON BIVEB AT COBINTH, N. Y.

Location. One-half mile upstream from highway bridge crossing the 'Hudson at 

Corinth and one-half mile north of the Corinth post office, at the mouth of the 

second brook, upstream, tributary to the Hudson from the right; 5 miles by 

river below the village of Luzerne and 1J miles above the dam of the International Paper Co. at Palmer Falls.

Records available.-r-June 1, 1904, to December 31,1911.

Drainage area. 2,728 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff bolted to the left-hand abutment on the downstream side of 

the highway bridge over the brook. The gage is about 25 feet from low water 

line in Hudson River, but as there is practically no slope to the tributary stream 

low water readings can be considered fair. The zero of the gage, unchanged 

since established, is at the same elevation as the crest of the Palmer Falls dams, 

which is assumed as 100 feet.

Channel. Permanent; composed of coarse gravel and bowlders; fairly straight for 

upward of 2 miles above the gage, and current sluggish. The river begins to 

bend to the left almost at the gage and in the next 1,000 feet turns nearly 90°, 

then flows straight for 200 or 300 feet to the head of a rocky reef, which is practically a control for the gage. In the 1,000 feet between the point of control and 

the three-span steel highway bridge that crosses the Hudson at this point the 

river falls 3 or 4 feet.

Discharge measurements. At low and medium stages made from a boat or by 

wading just above the point of control and about 1,100 feet downstream from the 

gage; at high stages from the upstream side of the highway bridge.

Winter flow. Ice forms in the river to a thickness of 2 or 3 feet in the vicinity of the 

gage and down to within 500 feet of the control. In a section at the control, 

however, the river is usually open and.it is believed that there is no very marked 

effect from ice.

Artificial control. The low-water flow is modified by release of stored water from 

Indian Lake and to some extent by release of water from other small ponds on 

the upper Hudson. The only dam on the main stream above the station is that 

which furnishes power to a paper mill at Luzerne, 5 miles above. Below the
128 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

bridge and on the left-hand side of the stream is a low dam built in November, 

1905, by the Corinth Electric Power Co., to divert water to a small electric plant 

which furnishes light and power for the villages of Corinth and Palmer Falls. 

In September, 1909, a temporary brush dam was built at this point by the same 

company. The dam of the International Paper Co. is about one-half mile farther 

downstream. Neither dam affects the records at the gage.

Point of zero flow. Soundings near the point of control indicate that there would 

be no flow past the gage if the water fell below 123 feet on the gage.

Accuracy. Conditions are not entirely favorable for accurate determination of flow. 

During the greater part of the time log jams rest against the two bridge piers and 

often extend upstream above the point of control, causing back water at the gage. 

Construction work on the temporary brush dam in the fall of 1909 may have 

produced a slight effect at the gage. The discharge curve has been developed 

from measurements made by engineers of the United States Geological Survey 

and probably represents the discharge at the station fairly well for conditions 

unaffected by log jams or ice.

Cooperation. Gage installed and gage heights furnished by the International 

Paper Co.

Discharge measurements of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y., in 1905 to 1910.

Date.

1905. 

Sept. 11

12

Nov. 1

July 20

Aug. 25

Hydrographer.

C.C. Covert..--- .......

.....do................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feel.

lOK QA

126.12

127.02

125.50

125.35

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1,670

1,730

o2,5SO

05,770

1,250

1,100

Date.

1910. Mar. 2

3

4

7

g

Aug. 10

Oct. 28

Hydrographer.

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

W. G. Hoyt............

J. J. Phelan. ...........

J. J. Phelan. ...........

height.

Feet. 

130.04

130.66

130.62

129.93

19Q 71

128.90

127.62

125.54

126.68

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

019,100

021,900

015,900

o 17, 100

al3,800

6,820

1,540

2,950

a Measurements made from highway bridge. All other measurements made at boat section above 

bridge.

Daily gage heights, in feet, of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y.,far 1904-1911.

Day.

1904. 

1..... .........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

.......

May. June.

127.41

126.96

126. 71

126.51

126.76

126.96

128.11

127.01

128.76

128.76

128. 81

128.56

128.06

127.66

127.31

127.11

126. 91

126.61

126.41

126.21

July.

127.06

126.51

126.21

126.11

126.31

126.46

126.31

126.16

126. 01

125.86

125.96

125.91

126.21

126.36

126.16

126.11

126.01

126.01

125.86

125.86

Aug.

125.96

125.96

125.96

125.96

125.96

126.96

126. 76

126.26

125. 91

125.81

125.81

125.76

125.66

125.66

125.71

125.66

125.66

125.66

125.66

125.46

Sept.

125.76

125.84

126.02

126.22

126.32

126.22

126.20

126.10

126.02

126.02

125.95

135.98

125.92

125.88

126.11

126. 15

125.89

126.08

126. 18

126.08

Oct.

128.00

127.88

127.50

127. 26

127.02

126.78

126.55

126.35

126.28

126.35

126.95

127.36

127.30

127.28

126.95

126.74

126.60

126.55

126.32

126.30

Nov.

127.08

126.82

126.72

126.68

126.59

126.40

126.45

126.39

126.28

126.20

126.22

126.35

126.20

126.21

126.12

126.15

126.08

126.05

126.08

125.92

Dec.

125.98

125.82

125.85

125.70

125.88

125.92

125.99

125.94

125.94

125.84

125.82

125.75

125.84

125.82

125.80

125.78

125.76

125.78

125.78

125.76
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 129 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y.,for 1904-1911 Contd.

Day.

1904. 

21..............

22.. ............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26. .............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31. .............

1905. 

1. .............

o

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

16..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

1&... ...........

16. .............

17..............

18... ...........

19..............

20..............

21..............

22...............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26.. . ...........

27..............

28. .............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

1906. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

MK.. ...........

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16........'......

17..............

18. . j ...........

19..............

30..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

36..............

Tan.

126.45

126.52

126.50

126.41

126.18

125.92

126.10

126.28

126. 39

126.36

126.32

126.28

126.27

126.26

126.19

126.18

126.19

126. 16

126.12

126.12

126.08

126.08

125.96

125.91

125.89

125.92

125.86

125-.84

125.84 

125.92

125.91 

127.05 i9ft on

126.70

126.64

127.00

127.06

126.92

126.51

126.35

126.42

126.58

126.63

126.53

126.40

126.55

126.60

138.52

126.47

126. 43

126.40

126.59

127.80

129.54

129.35

Feb.

125.90

125.94

125.91

125.85

125.79

125.83

125.82

125.84

125.84

125.82

125.82

1OR CO

125.88

125; 81

125.80

125.80

125.80

125.78

125.82

125.80

1OC QA

125.80

125.80

125.78

125.78

125.80

125.78

127.41

127.18

126.60

lo« CO

126.61

126.48

126.42

126 48

126.44

126.52

126.'48

126.54

126.48

126.52

126.44

126.40

126.36

126.32

126.30

126.33

126.36

126.54

125.67

126.82

126.82

Mar.

125.77

125.80

125.78

125.79

125.77

125.77

125.74

125.74

125.76

125.76

125.76

1

1 OK 7J

125.74

125.74

125.74

125.72

125.70

125.72

125.74

126.35

126.52

126.63

126.58

126.56

126 72

127.20

128.02

128.88

' 130." 70

132.50

126.66

126.58

126.60

127.56

1O7 77

127.54

127.42

127.24

127.12

126.88

126.80

126.69

126.67

126.58

126.54

126.36

126.38

126.25

126.24

126.24

126.25

126.26

126.29

126.18

126.18

Apr.

133.60

132.90

131.82

m Oft

131.00

131.58

131.50

1*m on

130.05

129.55

129.50

129 98

130 08

130.08

129.88

129.65

129.20

128.70

128.28

127.92

128.05

129.52

ion 70

19Q QO

128. 78

128.78

128.28

128.10

128.22

127.84

197 SZ51

127.85

128.03

m Af)

128.34

128. 261

128.08

127.98

197 AS

127.49

127.62

m oo

128.57

130.36

131. 16

131.72

131.74

m 7fi

131.85

m cj

131.76

131.56

130.96

130.4*

May.

128.51

lOO OA

128. 11

128.49

128.18

128.02

127.82

127.76

197 S8

127.74

127.73

127.52

127.56

127.42

127.06

127.66

127.32

m oe

127.18

127.10

127.03

127.18

126.83

126.76

126.53

126.72

126.72

126.74

126.76 

126.48

126.46 

128 40

1 198 Jtf)

128.95

1OQ ftl

129.00

128.62

128.42

m QO

128.28

m oe

128.18

127 84

127 94

128.40

128.90

128.24

127.84

127.85

128.04

127.56

1 19*7 *W

127.30

126.92

127.34

127.761

June.

126.26

126.26

126.26

126.16

126.06

125.96

125.96

126.01

126.26

126.49

126.42

126.27

126. 19

126.05

126.16

126.58

127.18

128.20

129.07

127.98

127.65

127.78

127.96

127.67

127 27

126.98

log 7 A

m OQ

129.48

129.88

1QA 1O

I

19Q 7O

129.11

lOQ K.9

128.48

129.16

19Q OO

128.96 

128 43

128.17

127.96

127.45

127.30

126.84

197 ftQ

127.02

127.04

127.64

I

1OQ 9O

128.59

128 26

127.51

197 SW

126.80

126.61

126.74

197 O7

127.04

IOA OA

126.74

126.93

1<W J\J

126.97

July.

125.76

125.66

125.66

125.66

125.76

125.76

125.91

125.91

126.31

m oi

126.11

128.02

1OO C9

m il

129 94

129.40

129.11

128.50

128.08

127. 61

127.42

127.06

127.05

126.84

126.69

126.42

126.66

126.65

126.48

m

oo

126.14

m irt

19ft O*i

126.17

126.04

125.99

197 90

127.56 

127.70

1OQ Q/l

127.96

127.66

127.56

m AA

127.14

126.66

126.66

126 44

126.32

128.19

126.10

126.02

126. Ot

125.99

lac <vv

125.84

125.93

125.86

125.90

125.88

Aug.

127.51

127.66

127.82

197 40

127.02

126.59

126.32

126.06

125.94

125.82

125.69

m O9

127.63

127.26

126.95

126.70

126 40

126.38

126.63

126.57

126.46

 tno art

m oo

126.14

126.13

197 *>ft

127.06

126.82

126 44

126.36

126.15

126.06

 toe QO

125.90

125.84

it>e. 79

125.72

125.66

1OH 71

126.00 

126.19

126.04

125.93

135.84

m fSB

m ost

125.91

125.86

125.81

125.78

125.68

125.73 \na /so

125.64

125.60

125.60

128.6® ioa AO

129.72

toe on

125.92

126. 10

126.13

126.10

Sept.

126.06

126.10

126.10

126.08

126. 14

126.90

127.07

126.97

126.76

197 d&

126.14

126.10

126.94

19G RA

130.02

130.03

129.73

129.16

128.65

128.14

127.72

127.61

197 7ft

m AA

127.15

126.96

m OA

127.56

198 A3

128.83

19Q i9

 fOQ QQ

too RO

128.08

127.66

127. 34

127.10

126.95

126.82 

126.72

125.88

125.70

125.76

126.06

126.18

126.00

125.95

125.98

126.00

125.92

m flA

loc 70

125.80

128.78

125.70

125. 7*

125. 78

125.75

125. 78

19*1 7£

125.74

138.74

139.79

125.85

Oct.

126.85

130.40

130.S4

130.12

129.40

128.88

128.40

128.05

127.88

127.45

127.22

126.60

126.58

126.56

126 54

126.46

126.36

m 97

126.28

126.28

126.21

126.01

m en

127.68

127.40

127.10

126.89

128.78

126.62

126.60

126.96

127.30

197 OO

197 19

128.95

m oo

126.70

126.57

126.48

126.77 

126.68

126.57 

125.74

lOfS QO

125.80

lOfS CO

125.74

125.74

125.66

125.69

125.72

lot; en

125.74

125.78

125.78

125.80

125.78

129.76

125.75

,125.74

125.95

126.51

126.55

126.33

126.17

126.14

Nov.

125.95

125.85

125.92

126.12

126.18

126.19

125.78

125.90

125.78

125.88

126.62

127.09

127.17

127.16

127.16

197 9fl

127.41

127.70

127.54

127.56

m 99

126.96

126.95

126.96

126.88

IOA Q9

126.78

126.68

126.54

126.38

126.20

126.22

126.26

126.27

126.29

126 29

126.26

126.28 

127.22

126.12

126 04

125.96

125.88

125.89

125.81

m oo

IOR 70

125.76

125.76

125.75

125.85

it>e. QQ

125.89

125.92

125.88

 foe on

125.95

IOA 19

126.66

126.89

127.06

197 W\

127.18

126.99

Dec.

125.82

125.79

125.78

125.90

125.82

125.81

125.92

126.38

126.50

126.42

126.43

127.05

126.87

127.44

127.95

127.83

197 7i

197 en

127.38

127. 14

126.74

126.52

126.64

126.56

126.22

126.08

126.06

126.06

126.16

126.40

126.63

19A QA

126.80

126.54

126.50

126 44

126.37

126.43 

126.94

127. 12 

126. 72

126 44

126.12

m CLi

126.02

126.02

126.08

125.92

125.82

125.84

125.90

125.89

125.85

125.86

125.89

125.97

126.20

126.35

126.28

126.14

126.10

126.18

126, 18

126.02

126.00

48521° WSP 301 12 9
130 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y.,for 1904-1911 Contd.

Day.

1906. 

26..............

27..............

28. .............

29..............

30..............

31..............

1907. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

1Q

20.....'.........

21..............

22..............

23..............

24. .............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30.......... ..

31..............

1908. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19...... i.......

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Jan.

129.28

ion no

128.69

128.20

127.82

127.62 

127.63

128.18

128. 18

128.60

128.76

128.68

128.38

128.19

m fift

127.71

127.40

127.22

127.06

126.75

126. 30

19fi *%({

126. 62

126.49

126.42

126.40

126.30

126.18

126.22

126.22

126. 16

126. 10

126.08

126.48

10Q OQ

128 68

128 46

128 25

197 on

197 9^.

-(OR QA

127.05

127.16

126.78

126.75

m go

126 94

126.65

126. 78

126.58

126.50

126.42

126.48

126.78

126.40

I9fi Q.9

126.25

126.36

126.59

126.26

126.10

Feb

126.93

127.02

126.86

125.94,

125.93

126.00

126.08

126. 12

126. 10

126.10

126 04

126.01

126.20

I9fi 10.

125.95

125 94

125 94

125.96

125.94

125.91

IOB no

125.85

125.79

m 7Q

1OK 70

125.81

1OC 70

 foe 79

19C *7Q

126. 10

126.04

126.16

126. 10

19A 90.

126.31

126.26

126. 17

126.25

126.24

m O7

m OK

126.28

1 19ft OQ

126. 73

129.16

129.12

129.10

128.82

128.61

 f no rm

127.75

107 fin

127.45

197 94

127.20

127.04

Mar.

126.12

126. 20

126.90

127.40

127.56

127.91 

125.71

125.70

125. 68

125 68

125.72

125.70

125.67

125.64

125.62

 foe en

125.64

1OK KQ

125.60

125.63

125.80

126.00

m OK

126.45

126.54

1 OR en

126.49

197 °.fi

I

1OQ QA

198 1A

m

oo

128. 48

129.72

130.92

1Q9 9Q

132 94

19ft SO

126.84

126 92

126.88

127.08

197 9.A

1OQ 1A

128.24

19S2 99

1OQ 10

lOQ AO

127.86

197 TO

197 Q0

i9S in

1952 J.S

129. 15

129.75

131. 10

131.50

131.46

Apr.

129.95

129.28

128.88

128.66

128.42

131. 35

130 43

19Q 7J.

129.45

1OQ QQ

129.02

128.80

 foe Kn

197 QJ.

m en

127.74

197 7fi

127.82

197 79

m eg

127 46

197 Q.9

197 9.1

127.07

127.00

m l 1

199 Qfi

129.48

130. 42

1°.fi °.fi

1QA AA

130.40

1

1 on no

130.58

19Q 7n

1OQ KA

199. QS

1 OQ Q1

129 00

190 fifi

131 26

m

OQ

131. 04

130.54

130.08

IOQ AA

129 46

129.54

129.51

19O 90

129.03

1952 fiK

129 24

19O HA

129.46

m on

132. 15

132.46

131. 87

May.

127.62

m fid.

128. 92

128.96

128.54 

130.53

130. 47

130.20

130 30

130.04

130. 15

130.02

129.42

19Q Aft

129.08

128.68

128.40

128.18

127.88

127.88

197 KQ

127.88

 |OC 1A

127 46

197 Af\

127. 10

127 2^

1 197 AA

19A QA

127.40

197 9.K.

m iA

1

1 OO QO

1QO QA

100 4ft

131.49

1

1 01 AO

1Qf| AR

1 19Q Q9

130 40 IQA CA

130.58

130.04

-ion 7ft

1 1 90 Qfi

129 72

i 19Q ft9

129.24

1952 79

128.56

128. 18

IOQ 97

128.45

128.41

197 Oft

127.68

127.40

m 4ft

197 1°.

127.02

127.14

June.

126.84

126.68

126.38

19ft AA

127.76

197 fifi

126.50

126 44

126.71

127. 18

197 1fi

197 HA

197 79

126.57

126.44

126.41

126.34

126.33

126.10

126 00

126.40

126 44

125.97

126.01

IOA no

126.03

126.04

m i9

I 197 19.

126.99

126.79

126.40

126.20

126.10

126.20

126.08

125 94

126.00

126.08

126.08

19K OQ

I

1OC on

125.96

126.04

126.10

126. 02

125.92

19^ Gfi

125.91

125.81

125.71

125.58

125.64

July.

125.84

125.90

125.98

126.09

126.15 

126.16

19fi AC\

126.61

1 197 fifi

m

OQ

197 9ft

126.16

m Q7

19s. fifi

10E Qfi

19^ Q4

125 92

125.89

ioc 09

IOK CO

ioe of\

125.76

125.94

126 16

125.99

125.98

IOK Qfi

1

1 <\K 7<2

IOK 7K

125.72

K5.97

125.87

IOK Ofi

IOK QQ

125.95

125.91

125.84

125.78

1OC. fll

IOK Qf\

125.78

125.80

ioe. on

IOK QA

19ft 9Q

126.18

126.08

125 94

IOK Qfi

ioe en

125.75

125.92

126.13

126.14

126.12

126.16

Aug.

126.00

126.08

125.98

126.08

126.05

125.94

IOK QA

125.89

125.87

125.76

loe on

125.82

125. 78

125.74

125.74

IOK AA

IOK AA

125.67

125.69

125.59

125. 62

125.62

125.59

125.64

125 90

| 1oe n9

125.88

125.84

125.86

1 19^. 7S

125.75

m 7A

125.74

125.62

125.57

126. 02

125.83

m an

125 90

I9f\ sa

125.84

125.94

19^. CC

125 94

125.93

IOK on

-t<)K AO

IOK on

1 19^ ftfi

125.75

m oo

IOK QA

125.98

126.00

125.98

125.95

125.90

125.78

m en

125.78

125.76

125.72

125.71

125.62

125.65

Sept.

125.78

125.78

125.74

125.70

125.70

125. 58

IOK RA

126.06

126. 82

19.fi QQ

126.57

126.30

126.07

126.04

126. 01

19ft An

127.24

127.06

126.62

126. 07

IOK QQ

191 7^

10C Aft

19s; fin

125.55

1OC. 7O

ioe QC

126.14

126.20

126 12

126.22

125.74

125.68

19^. fift

125.65

125.62

125.61

125.66

-me 70

m 7A

125.66

125.64

125.64

125.62

125.60

125.66

125.72

125.70

125.70

IOK 7ft

125.58

125.57

125.65

125.68

125.66

125.64

125.66

125.56

125.54

125.96

125.98

Oct.

126.30

126.36

126.33

126.28

126. 18 

127.11

127.60

126.83

126. 56

126- 78

126.84

126. 75

127.00

128. 53

loo en

128.63

128.04

197 79

127.50

127.23

126.76

126.60

126 45

126.35

126.40

126.31

1

19ft 91

126.17

126.14

197 OK

128.79

128.48

1

1 9ft no

126.00

IOK oft

19^. fifi

125.84

125.78

191 7Q

1 19^ 79

125.74

125.75

125.77

19^. ftft

125.89

125.84

125.78

125.77

125.65

125.64

125.68

125.70

125.64

125.66

19^. ^fi

125.60

126.30

126.26

126.30

126.35

126.26

Nov.

126.82

126.76

126.96

m Q7

126.79

128.02

127.66

128. 78

19Q V\

m 9rt

128.88

ion 7-1

131. 25

131. 14

ion en

m oo

IOQ QA

128. 78

128.32

127.92

197 £.7

197 9(2

m i9

127.00

126.83

126.73

126.81

126.84

126.80

126.75

126.70

126.60

126.60

126.56

126.50

125.92 IOK nn

125. 81

IOK 70

125.72

125.70

125. 66

125.48

125.63

125.66

125.68

IOK 79

m an

125.93

126.25

126.24

126.00

125.88

125.85

125.76

125.79

125.68

125.73

125.86

125.90

126.04

126.36

126.50

126.38

126.31

Dec.

125.98

IOK QK

125.95

1OB QA

ioe QA

126. 10 

126.41

126.42

126.28

19.fi 99

IOK QC

126.06

126.22

126.16

126.18

126 93

197 on

129 24

128.82

128.44

128.06

197 OJ.

197 QI

127.58

127 36

127.28

197 Q9

127 04

127.02

128.53

128.66

128.64

128.44

128.40

128.44

128.85

126.26

126. 14

125.79

1?5.68

125.66

125.50

125.58

125.72

126.14

126.16

125.90

125.90

125.82

125.97

125.95

125.94

125.94

125.86

125.76

125.62

125.78

125.76

125.62

125.56

125.49

125.60

125.64

125.66

125.68

125.62

125.60
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 131 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y., for 1904-1911 Contd.

Day.

1909. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6... ...........

7..............

8..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14. .............

15..............

16.. ............

17is .

10

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25 .....

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30.............. 

31..............

1910. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15... ...........

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25 .

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30.............. 

31..............

1911. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

6..............

Jan.

125.60

'125.56

125.50

125. 56

125.75

126. 6C

127. 37

127.25

127.11

126.92

126.99

126. 82

126.48

126.25

126.24

126. 14

125.87

125.96

125.82

125.88

125.89

125.90

125.90

126.06

126.98

127.75

127.76

127.76

127.57 

127.43 

127.20

125.35

125.34

125.36

125.36

125.34

125.34

125.34

125.34

125.34

125.36

125.35

125.35

125.35

125.35

125.35

125.34

125.36

125.38

125. 41

125.48

125.60

126. 16

127.28

127.60

197 f^S

127.42

127.18

127.03

126.85 

196. 58 

126.46

125.98

126.10

126.58

126.88

126.73

Feb.

126.96

126.70

126.56

126.42

126.35

126.42

126.96

127.42

127.43

127.33

127.30

127.38

127.33

127.02

126.97

127.16

127.40

127.42

127.28

128.25

129.16

129.24

129.15

129.10

129.72

129.62

129.52

129.26

126.31

126.16

126.14

126.10

126.00

125.95

1OS Qjl

10K QQ

125.90

126.03

126.00

125.88

195 O4

125 92

m oo

1OK QA

125.88

125.88

125.92

126 12

126.20

126. 17

126. 12

126.12

127.25

125.90

125.90

125.98

126.04

125.97

Mar.

128.86

128.53

128. 18

127.94

127.66

127.42

127.23

127.10

126. 96

126. 84

126.95

126. 92

126.92

126.87

126.83

126.75

126.68

126.57

126.51

126.50

126.42

126. 48

126.54

126.58

126.88

127.30

127.32

127.30

127.32 

127.24 

127.26

128.89

130.08

130.64

130.67

130.40

129.88

190 QA.

129 92

129 74

129 44

190 1Q

128.87

198 ^fi

19fi 45

128. 15

127.89

127.65

127.36

127.26

197 Q1

i

l97 ifi

127.74

128. 16

128.59

129.56

131.01

131. 16

131.06

131. 28 

131. 82 

132.40

125.94

125.91

125.90

125.86

125.82'

Apr.

127.50

127.72

128.03

128.38

128.75

129.40

130.84

132,17

132. 28

131. 82

130.83

130. 18

129.99

131.92

133. 44

134.30

133.68

133.12

132. 54

132. 72

132. 57

132.06

131.57

131. 10

130.43

130.08

130. 04

129.62

129.57 

129.35

100 ftQ

1Q9 fin

m Qft

131 2S

130.48

130.06 ion 90

 ton 09

129 72

128 91

19s *n

197 7fl

127.65

197 9ft

127.15

126.90

128. 70

129.23

129.20

19R 7%

128.64

19S 91

197 Q^

128.35

129.08

128. 95

128.65 

128.89

m J7

127.28

127.10

126.98

126.90

May.

129.71

130. 16

130.34

130.13

130.18

129.94

129.52

130. 36

130. 08

129.81

130.03

131.84

131.32

130.40

129.92

129.36

129.46

129.50

129.44

129.08

128. 86

128. 70

128. 52

128.22

127.96

127.76

127.24

127.33 

127.94 

127.19

128 28

1 oc 10

128.08

m oo

19B QA

19ft AQ

10Q 00

19ft 99

128. 10

128.35

127.77

127. 54

1O7 QA

127.07

127.07

 tfta f*t*

126.68

1 <w» of

127 12

127.09

127.04

1O7 HA

129.06

m OQ

129.10

128.70 

128.30 

128.56

iqn KC

131.10

131.36

131.30

129.70

June.

127.08

126.85

126.75

126.78

126.92

127.49

127.66

127.54

127.30

127.05

127.57

127.39

127 28

127.10

127.15

126.92

126. 66

126.85

127. 08

127.30

126.82

126.68

126.40

126.22

126. 11

126.00

125. 92

125.90 

125.84

128.82

128. 72

128.30

127.92

127.64

128.37

129.28

129.53

129 42

129.10

19ft ft1

128.76 1955 AQ

128.40

128.15

1O7 C4

127.68

m 7S

127.83

m CQ

197 9ft

127.05

126.80

126.56

126.39

126.20

126. 16

126.12 

126.04

126 40

126.62

126.59

126.43

126.35

July.

125.78

125.74

125. 76

125.72

125.74

125.69

125.60

125.58

125.54

125.51

125.44

125.52

125.59

125.61

125.63

125.68

125.65

125. 62

125.56

125.64

125. 82

125.84

125.84

125. 87

125. 91

125. 78

125.67

125.62

125.54 

125.52 

125.58

125.98

125.85

125.64

125. 62

125.66

125.74

125.64

125.63

125.60

125.54

125. 56

125.54

125.59

125.58

125.56

125.5.6

125.55

125. 56

125.58

125.56

125.54

125.54

125.55

125.55

125.54

125.54

125.52

125.54

125.57 

125.68 

125.62

125.90

125.64

125.58

125.54

125.45

Aug.

125.54

125-49

125.47

125.46

125.44

125.45

125. 44

12S.44

125.59

125.60

125.54

125.54

125.55

125.54

125.44

125.62

125.82

126.12

126.02

125.78

125.52

125.40

125.40

125. 38

125.41

125.58

125.64

125.56

125. 48 

125.54 

125.55

125.64

125.66

125. 59

19K "7

126. 14

125 99

10K QO

125.68

125. 54

1OC 70

126.38

126.00

125.88

125.74

125.92

125.89

125.87

125.84

125.77

125. 62

125.70

125.64

19C a 9

125.57

125. 54

125.54 

125. 54 

125. 54

125.73

125.70

125.66

125.58

125.63

Sept.

125.54

125. K

125.49

125.50

125.38

125. 46

125.52

125.44

125.46

125.45

125.49

125.48

125.50

125. 50

125.50

125.49

125.49

125.48

125.40

125. 48

125.46

125.42

125.44

125.50

125.50

125.41

125.50

125.62

125.64 

125.61

125.54

125.74

125.84

19P» S7

125.96

126. 00

126.20

19fi 9fi

126.26

126.14

1

1 OK OQ

125.93

125.85

125.92

125.84

125.76

125.70

125.64

125.66

125.62

125.62

125.60

125.60

125.58

125.58

125.79

126.11

126. 76

127.36 

126.98

m Q9

125.73

-125. 60

125.50

125.53

Oct.

125.63

125. 64

125. 49

125.55

125.56

125.46

125.44

125.45

125. 47

125. 49

125.52

125.50

125. 48

125.40

125.40

125.48

125.40

125.46

125. 47

125. 49

.125.48

125.54

125.60

125.53

125.70

125.69

125.64

125. 61

125.58 

125.54 

125.44

126.58

126.23

126. 10

IOK no

125.81

125 94

126. 10

126.00

126.02

126.06

126.00

126.01

125.96

125.90

125. 81

125.84

125. 82

125.84 IOK on

125.89

125.89

19C QA

126. 00

126.07

126.06

126.18

126 40

126.65 

126.61 

126.53

125.95

126.15

126.40

126.46

126.82

Nov.

125.42

125. 48

125.50

125.52

125.58

125.55

125.41

125.55

125.58

125.69

125.73

125. 72

125.66

125.43

125.52

125.45

125.48

125.53

125.77

125.60

125.42

125.56

125.56

125.64

125.58

125.72

125.89

125. 74

125.90 

125.83

126.42

126.32

126.32

19fi 37

126.60

126 84

126 98

126.77

126.55

126.40

126.34

126.36

126.28

126.21

126.15

126.10

126.02

125.94

125.85

125.72

125.66

125.74

19K QA

125.94

125.92

125.9?

125. 86

125.86

125.88 

125.90

126.70

126.74

126.70

126.60

126.46

Dec.

125.68

125. 72

125.70

125.56

125.56

125.54

125.51

125.40

125.40

125.40

125.38

125.36

125.34

125.31

125.40

125.45

125.49

125.46

125.39

125.42

125.40

125.41

IOK qo

125.38

125.38

125.37

125.38

125.37 

125.35 

125.34

125.92

125.86

125.74

125.70

125.65

125.60

125.59

125.58

125.63

125.62

125.56

125.58

125.52

125.54

125.57

125.56

125.50

125.52

125.57

125.58

125.60

125.54

125.52

125.61

125.72

125.68

125.68

125.78

125.80 

125.88 

125.95

127.28

127.14

127.96

126.64

126.27
132 SUEFACE WATEB SUPPLY, MM, PAKT I. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y.,for 1904-1911 Contd.

Day.

1911. 

6...............

7...............

8...............

0... ............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23............... 

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

126.56 

126.51 

126.41 

126.38 

126.34

126.20 

126.20 

126.16 

126. 14 

126.12

126.08 

125.94 

125.84 

125.83 

125.91

126.02 

126.02 

125.97 

125.91 

125.92

125.92 

125.92 

126.02 

126.04 

125.96

126.00

Feb.

125.98 

125.97 

125.96 

125.95 

125.96

125.94 

125.88 

125.90 

125.90 

125.87

125.84 

125. 82 

125.83 

125.86 

125.93

125.94 

125.91 

125.89 

125.88 

125.89

125.81 

125.88 

125.94

Mar.

125.84 

.125.84 

125.82 

125.80 

125.80

125.79 

125.76 

"125.79 

125.86 

125.92

126.00 

120. 02 

126.00 

125.95 

125.95

125.94 

125.93 

126.02 

126.07 

126.06

126.08 

126.50 

127.40 

127.55 

127.64 

127.60

Apr.

127.14 

128.26 

128.88 

128.80 

128.83

129.00 

128. 98 

129.14 

129.54 

129:96

130. 52 

130. 52 

130. 17 

129.84 

129.68

129.68 

129.63 

129.34 

129.15 

129.20

129.66 

130.04 

130. 33 

130. 55 

130.60

May.

129.56 

128.62 

128. 10 

127.90 

127.52

127. 95 

127.46 

127. 42 

127. 48 

126.54

126.89 

126.49 

126.86 

127. 10 

126.54

126.52 

126. 70 

126.30 

127.00 

126.56

126.98 

126.42 

127. 34 

126. 58 

12H.46 

126.33

June.

126.46 

126.82 

127.28 

127.38 

127.08

127.00 

127.08 

127.38 

128.10 

128.10

127.98 

127.65 

127.28 

126.99 

126.70

126.50 

126. 36 

126.20 

126. 12 

125.98

125. 93 

125.94 

126.06 

126. 18 

126.05

July.

125.50 

125.48 

125.63 

125.66 

125.61

125.70 

125.72 

125.70 

125.69 

125.68

125.67 

125.72 

125.74 

125.64 

125.63

125.54 

125.51 

125.44 

125.48 

125.52

125.46 

125.52 

125.68 

125.76 

125.76 

125.73

Aug.

125.61 

125.62 

125.67 

125.66 

125.61

125.62 

125.65 

125.62 

125.59 

125.59

*125. 58 

125.57 

125.58 

125.68 

125.59

125.62 

125.66 

125.62 

125.61 

125.63

125.64 

125.60 

125.70 

125.99 

126.26 

126.08

Sept.

125.60 

125.96 

126.22 

126. 42 

126. 76

126. 6C 

126.42 

126.24 

126.08 

125.94

125.88 

125.97 

125.93 

125.91 

125.78

125.67 

125.68 

125.84 

125.83 

125.79

125.82 

125.78 

125.73 

125.74 

125.82

Oct.

127.02 

127.01 

127.06 

127.08 

126.95

126.74 

126.58 

126.40 

126.26 

126.14

126.00 

125.98 

126.18 

128.02 

128. 34

128.24 

128.02 

128. 10 

128.16 

128.18

127.88 

127.58 

127.' 26 

126.95 

126.76 

126.61

Nov.

126.38 

126.58 

127.04 

127.66 

127.52

127.54 

127.36 

127.56 

127.68 

127.60

127.42 

127. 10 

127.06 

127.66 

127.66

127. 52 

127.30 

127.04 

126.92 

126.83

126.62 

126.62 

126.59 

126.87 

127.21

Dec.

126.30 

126.45 

126.38 

126.38 

126.42

126.66 

127. 14 

128.09 

129.26 

129.25

128.86 

128.73 

128.61 

128.34 

127.86

127.52 

127.32 

128.13 

129.04 

129.23

129.03 

128.76 

128.62 

128,10 

127.68 

127.38

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y.,for 1904-1911.

Day.

1904. 

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

.

Feb.

*

Mar. Apr. May. June.

6,900 

5,170 

4,280 

3,610 

4,450

5,170 

9,900 

5,360 

12,900 

12,900

13,100 

11,900 

9,670 

7,930 

6,500

6,730 

4,990 

3,930 

3,300 

2,740

2,870 

2,870 

2,870 

2,610 

2,370

2,140 

2,140 

2,140 

2,250

2,870

July.

5,340 

3,610 

2,740 

2,480 

3,010

3,460 

3,010 

2,610 

2,250 

1,970

2,140 

2,030 

2,740 

3,150 

2,610

2,480 

2,250 

2,250 

1,930 

1,930

1,730 

1,550 

1,550 

1,550 

1,730

1,730 

2,030 

2,030 

3,010 

2,740 

2,480

Aug.

2,140 

2,140 

2,140 

2,140 

2,140

5,170

4,460 

2,870 

2,030 

1,830

1,830 

1,730

1,550 

1,550 

1,640

1,550 

1,560 

1,550 

1,550 

1,210

7,310 

7,930 

8,620 

7,230 

5,390

3,870 

3,040 

2,370 

2,100 

1,860 

1,600

Sept.

1,730 

1,890 

2,280 

2,760 

3,040

2,760 

2,710 

2,460 

2,280 

2,280

2,120 

2,190 

2,050

1,970 

2,480

2,580 

1,990 

2,410 

2,660 

2,410

2,370 

2,460 

2,460 

2,410 

2,660

4,950 

6,580 

5,210 

4,450 

7,060

Oct.

9,410

8,880 

7,270 

6,300 

5,390

4,520 

3,740 

3,120 

2,930 

3,120

6,140

6,700 

6,460 

6,380 

5,140

4,380 

3,900 

3,740 

3,040 

2,980

4,770 

20,800 

23,000 

19,400 

15,900

13,400 

11,200 

9,630 

8,880 

7,060 

6,150

Nov.

6,620 

4,660 

4,310 

4,170 

3,870

3,270 

3,420 

3,240 

2,930 

2,710

2,760 

3,120 

2,710 

2,740 

2,510

2,680 

2,410 

2,340 

2,410 

2,050

2,120 

1,910 

2,050 

2,510 

2,660

2,680 

1,770 

2,010 

1,770 

1,976

Dec.

2,190 

1,850 

1,910 

1,820 

1,970

2,050 

2,210 

2,100

2,100 

1,800

1,960 

1,730 

1,890 

1,860 

1,«0

1,770 

1,730 

1,770 

1,770 

1,730

1,850 

1,790 

1,770 

2,010

1,850

1,830 

2,050 

3,210 

3,680 

3,330 

3,960
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 133 

Dotty discharge, in second-feet, of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y.,for 1904-1911 Contd.

Day.

1905. 

1... ............

2...............

3...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

1906. 

1...............

2.. .... ....

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8..............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12......... ..

13...............

14...............

IS...............

16...............

17...............

18.......... ..

19...............

20...............

21...............

22........:.......

23...............

24...........:...

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30........... ..

31...............

1907. 

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

Jan.

3,420 

3,640 

3,580 

3,300 

2,660

2,050 

2,460 

2,930 

3,240 

3,150

3,040 

2,930 

2,900 

2,870 

2,680

2,660 

2,680 

2,610 

2,510 

2,510

2,410 

2,410 

2,140 

2,030 

1,990

2,050 

1,930 

1,890 

1,890

2,050 

2,030

5,500 

4,950 

4,240 

4,040 

5,320

5,540 

5,020 

4,100 

3,610 

3,120

3,330 

3,840 

4,000 

3,680 

3,270

3,740 

3,900 

3,640 

3,490 

3,360

3,270 

3,870 

8,530 

16,600 

15,600

15,300 

14,400 

12,500 

10,300 

8,620 

7,760

7,810 

10,200 

9,410 

10,200 

12.100

Feb.

2,010 

2,100 

2,030 

1,910 

1,790

1,870 

1,850 

1,890 

1,890 

1,850

1,850 

1,850 

1,970 

1,830 

1,8101

1,810 

1,810 

1,810 

1,770 

1,850

1,810 

1,890 

1,810 

1,810 

1,770

1,770 

1,810 

1,770

6,900 

5,990 

3,900 

3,640 

3,930

3,520 

3,330 

3,520 

3,390 

3,640

3,520 

3,710 

3,520 

 3,640 

3,390

3,270 

3,150 

3,040 

2,980 

3,070

3,150 

3,710 

4,140 

4,660 

4,660

5,060 

5,390 

4,810

2,100 

2,080 

2,230 

2,190 

2.410

Mar.

1,750 

1,810 

1,770 

1,790 

1,750

1,750 

1,700 

1,700 

1,730 

1,730

1,730 

1,700 

1,700 

1,700 

1,700

1,660 

1,620 

1,660 

1,700 

3,120

3,640 

4,000 

3,840 

3,770 

4,310

6,070 

9,500 

13,400 

17,800 

22,300 

31,600

4,100 

3,840 

3,900 

7,520 

8,400

7,430 

6,940 

6,230

5,770 

4,880

4,590 

4,210 

4,140 

3,840 

3,710

3,150 

3,210 

2,840 

2,820 

2,820

2,840 

2,870 

2,950 

2,660 

2,660

2,510 

2,710 

4,950 

6,860 

7,520 

9,010

1,640 

1,620 

1,580 

1,580 

1.660

Apr.

37,500 

33,800 

28,100 

23,700 

23,800

26,800 

26,400 

22,800 

19,000 

16,600

16,400 

18,700 

19,200 

19,200 

18,200

17,100 

14,900 

12,600 

10,700 

9,060

9,630 

16,500 

17,400 

16,800 

15,500

12,900 

12,900 

10,700 

9,850 

10,400

8,710 

8,660 

8,750 

9,540 

11,300

10,900 

10,600 

9,760 

9,320 

8,020

7,230 

7,760 

9,370 

12,000 

20,600

24,600 

27,500 

27,600 

27,800 

28,200

28,200 

27,700 

26,700 

23,600 

21,000

18,600 

15,300 

13,400 

12,400 

11,300

31,000 

25,600 

20,900 

17,500 

16.100

May.

11,700 

13,000 

9,900 

11,600 

10,200

9,500 

8,620 

8,360 

8,880 

8,270

8,230 

7,350 

7,520 

6,940 

5,540

7,930 

6,540 

6,660 

5,990 

5,690

5,430 

5,990 

4,700 

4,450 

3,680

4,310

4,310 

4,380 

4,450 

3,520 

3,460

11,200 

11,700 

13,700 

13,100 

14,000

12,200 

11,300 

10,800 

10,700 

10,700

10,200 

8,710 

9,150 

11,200 

13,500

10,500 

8,710 

8,750 

9,590 

7,520

6,190 

6,460 

5,020 

6,620 

8,360

7,760 

9,590 

14,900 

13,600 

13,800 

11,800

21,400 

21,100 

19,800 

20,300 

.19.000

June.

3,550 

3,330 

2,900 

2,680 

2,340

2,610

3,840 

5,990 

10,300 

14,300

9,320 

7,890 

8,440 

9,230 

7,970

6,340 

5,250 

12,600 

13,400 

16,300

18,200 

19,700 

17,400 

14,500 

11,800

11,600 

14,700 

15,400 

13,800 

11,300

10,200 

9,230 

7,060 

6,460 

4,730

5,650 

5,390 

5,470 

7,850 

10,300

12,100 

10,600 

7,310

6,540 

4,590

3,930 

4,380 

6,340 

6,300 

5,470

4,590 

4,380 

5,060 

5,470 

5,210

4,730 

4,170 

3,520 

3,210 

3,390

8,360 

5,550 

3,970 

3,580 

3.390

July.

9,500 

11,800 

17,400 

18,500 

15,900

14,500 

11,700

9,760 

7,720 

6,940

5,540 

5,500 

4,730 

4,210 

3,770

3,640 

3,330 

3,710 

4,100 

4,070

3,520 

3,040

2,560 

2,460 

2,820

2,640 

2,370 

2,320 

2,210 

6,150 

7,520

8,100 

10,800 

9,230 

7,930 

7,520

7,020 

5,840 

4,630 

4,100 

4,040

4,100 

3,900 

3,390 

3,040 

2,680

2,460 

2,280 

2,280 

2,210 

2,010

1,890 

2,080 

1,930 

2,010 

1,970

1,890 

1,810 

2,010 

2,190 

2,440 

2,580

2,610 

3,270 

3,840 

3,930 

5.320

 Aug.

9,060 

7,810 

6,300 

5,140 

4,240

3,270 

3,310 

4,000 

3,800 

3,460

2,980 

2,760 

2,560 

2,540 

2,640

3,840 

6,380 

5,540 

4,660 

3,390

3,150 

2,580 

2,370 

2,190 

2,010

1,890 

1,660 

1,660 

1,550 

1,640 

2,230

2,680 

2,610 

2,320 

2,080 

1,890

2,410 

2,190 

2,030 

1,930 

1,830

1,770 

1,580 

1,680 

1,580 

1,510

1,440 

1,440 

1,530 

1,480 

1,660

1,810 

2,050 

2,460 

2,540

2,460

2,230 

2,410 

2,190 

2,410 

2,340 

2,100

2,010 

1,990 

1,950 

1,730 

1.-810

Sept.

2,560 

2,460 

5,100 

11,700 

18,900

18,900 

17,500 

14,700 

12,400 

10,000

8,190 

7,720 

8,440 

7,110 

5,880

5,170 

4,950 

7,520 

12,300 

13,200

16,000 

13,900 

11,800 

9,760 

7,930

6,620 

5,690 

5,140 

4,660 

4,310

1,910 

1,620 

1,730 

1,770 

2,370

2,660 

2,230 

2,120 

2,190 

2,230

2,050 

1,810 

1,770 

1,810 

1,770

1,620 

1,720 

1,770 

1,720 

1,770

1,770 

1,700 

1,700 

1,790 

1,910

1,770 

1,770 

1,700 

1,620 

1,620

1,370 

1,410 

1,510 

2,370 

4.660

Oct.

3,900 

3,840 

3,770 

3,710 

3,460

3,150 

2,900 

2,930

2,930 

2,740

2,250

3,580 

8,020 

6,860 

5,690

4,910 

4,520 

3,970 

3,900 

5,170

6,460 

6,150 

5,770 

5,140 

4,660

4,240

3,800 

3,520 

4,480 

4,170 

3,800

1,700 

1,850 

1,810 

1,850 

1,700

1,700 

1,550 

1,600 

1,660 

1,600

1,700 

1,770 

1,770 

1,810 

1,810

1,770 

1,730 

1,720 

1,700 

2,120

3,610

3,740 

3,070 

2,640 

2,560

2,980 

3,150 

3,070 

3,120 

2,930 

2,660

5,730 

7,680 

. 4,700 

3,770 

4.520

Nov.

3,970 

5,650 

5,960 

5,920 

5,920

6,070 

6,900 

8,100 

7,430

7,520

6,150 

5,170 

5,140 

5,170 

4,880

4,660 

4,520 

4,170 

3,710 

3,210

2,710 

2,710

2,760 

2,870 

2,900

2,950 

2,950 

2,870 

2,930 

6,150

2,510 

2,320 

2,140 

1,970 

1,990

1,830 

1,850 

1,770 

1,730 

1,730

1,720 

1,910 

1,970 

1,990 

2,050

1,970 

2,010 

2,120 

2,510 

4,100

4,910 

5,540 

6,460 

5,990 

5,280

4,660 

4,450 

'5,170 

5,210 

4,560

9,500 

7,930 

12,900 

15,400 

14.900

Dec.

5,500 

4,840 

7,020 

9,190 

8,660

8,270 

8,190 

7,270

6,780 

5,840

4,380 

3,640 

4,040 

3,770 

2,760

2,410 

2,370 

2,370 

2,610 

3,270

3,460 

4,000 

5,100 

4,590 

3,710

3,580 

3,390 

3,180 

3,360 

5,100 

5,770

4,310 

3,390 

2,510 

2,100 

2,280

2,280

2,410 

2,050 

1,850 

1,890

2,010 

1,990 

1,910 

1,930 

1,990

2,160 

2,710 

3,120 

2,930 

2,560

2,460 

2,660 

2,660 

2,280 

2,230

2,190 

2,120 

2,120 

2,100 

2,010 

2,460

3,300 

3,330 

2,930 

2,760 

2.140
13'4 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y.,for 1904-1911 Contd.

 Day.

1907. 

6.. ........... ..

7. ....... .......

8...............

Q

10. ..............

11...............

12. ..............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16. ..............

17. ..............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26. ..............

97

28...............

29...............

<Wl

31..-......-.-...

1908. 

I...............

^.. .............

5... ............

6.-.-....-.....-

7...............

8.... ...........

9

10...............

11...............

19

iq

14...............

1C

16. ..............

17...............

18.... ...........

19...............

20...............

21...............

22. ..............

OO

24...............

25.. .............

26. ..............

97

28...............

29...............

3H

31...............

1909. 

1.... ...........

2...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

Jan.

12,900 

12,500 

12,500 

11,100 

10,300

7,680 

8,140 

6,860 

6,150 

5,540

4,420 

3,150 

2,980 

3,120 

3# 970

3,550 

3,330 

3,270 

2,980 

2,660

2,760 

2,760 

2,610 

2,460

2,410

3,520

13,400 

12,500 

,11,500 

10,500 

8,970

6,260 

5,690 

5,170 

5,500 

5,920

4,520 

4,420 

4,660 

5,100 

4,880

'4,070 

4,520 

3,900 

3,840 

3,580

3,330

3,520 

4,520 

3,270 

3,040

2,840 

3,150 

3,870 

2,870 

3,210

2,460

1,440 

1,370 

1,270 

1,370 

1,720

3,900 

6,740 

6,260 

5,730 

5.020

Feb.

2,510 

2,460 

2,460 

2,320 

2,250

2,710 

2,460 

2,120 

2,100 

2,100

2,140 

2,100 

2,030 

2,050 

1,970

1,910 

1,790 

1,790 

1,770 

1,830

1,770 

1,660 

1,680

2,460 

2,320 

2,610 

2,410 

2,460

2,930 

3,010 

2,870 

2,640 

2,840

2,820 

2,900 

2,840 

2,930 

2,930

4,340 

14,700 

14,500 

14,400 

13,100

12,200 

11,300 

9,670 

8,320 

7,680

7,060 

6,230 

6,070 

5,470

5,170 

4,240 

3,740 

3,330 

3,120

3,330 

5,170 

6,940 

6,980 

6.580

Mar.

1,620 

1,570 

1,510 

1,480 

1,440

1,510 

1,420 

1,440 

1,490 

1,810

2,230 

2,840 

3,420 

3,710 

3,580

3,550 

3,900 

6,700 

10,800 

9,850

11,000 

11,600 

17,400 

23,400 

30,500 

34,000

4,910 

4,590 

4,880 

5,170 

4,950

4,730 

5,020 

5,170 

5,060 

4,950

4,880 

5,250 

5,620 

6,700 

7,970

10,000 

10,500 

10,400 

9,980 

9,500

8,790 

8,490 

8,620 

9,850 

11,900

11,600 

14,700 

17,600 

24,300 

26,400 

26,200

13,300 

11,800 

10,200 

9,150 

7,930

6,940 

6,190 

5,690 

5,170 

4.730

Apr.

15,800 

14,100 

13,000 

11,700 

10,500

9,150 

8,530 

8,270 

8,360 

8,620

8,190 

7,600 

7,110 

6,540 

6,230

5,580 

5,250 

5,320 

9,900 

13,900

16,300 

20,900 

20,600 

21,000 

20,800

23,700 

21,700 

17,300 

16,400 

13,900

13,100 

14,000 

17,100 

22,600 

24,100

25,100 

25,500 

24,000 

21,500 

19,200

18,200 

17,100 

16,200 

16,600 

16,400

15,300 

14,100 

13,300 

15,100 

18,000

16,200 

28,000 

29,800 

31,400 

28,300

7,270 

8,190 

9,540 

11,100 

12,800

15,900 

23,000 

29,900 

30,500 

28.100

May.

19,500 

18,900 

16,000 

15,900 

14,400

12,500 

11,200 

10,200

8,880 

8,880

7,600 

8,880 

9,850 

7,110 

6,860

6,700 

5,690 

6,300 

6,300 

5,320

4,340 

4,950 

6,860 

6,660 

7,810 

5,690

30,700 

30,800 

31,100 

26,300 

27,000

21,100 

18,400 

20,800 

21,600 

21,700

19,000 

22,300 

18,100 

18,600 

17,400

16,900 

15,100 

12,700 

11,900 

12,200

10,200 

10,600 

11,400 

11,200 

8,970

8,020 

6,860 

6,860 

5,800 

5,390 

5,840

17,400 

19,600 

20,500 

19,400 

19,700

18,500 

16,500 

20,600 

19,200 

17.900

June.

4,280 

5,990 

5,690 

5,320 

8,190

3,800 

3,390 

3,300 

3,100 

3,070

3,640 

2,930 

2,460 

2,230 

2,440

3,270 

3,390 

2,820 

2,160 

2,250

2,280 

2,280 

2,300 

2,230 

2,320

5,760 

5,800 

5,280 

4,560 

4,000

3,740 

3,270 

2,710 

2,460 

2,710

2,410 

2,100 

2,230 

2,410 

2,610

2,410 

2,410 

2,190 

1,990 

2,140

2,320 

2,460 

2,280 

2,050 

1,970

2,030 

1,830 

1,640 

1,410 

1,510

5,620 

4,770 

4,420 

4,520 

5,020

7,330 

7,930 

7,430 

6,460 

5.5001

July.

6,820 

6,380 

2,610 

2,410 

2,160

1,970 

2,140 

2,100 

2,050 

1,990

1,890 

1,850 

1,850 

1,810 

1,730

1,580 

1,490 

1,570 

2,100 

2,610

2,820 

2,610 

2,250 

2,210 

2,190 

2,140

1,770 

1,720 

1,660 

1,890 

2,160

1,950 

2,140 

1,990 

2,120 

2,030

1,890 

1,750 

1,770 

1,830 

1,810

1,770 

1,810 

2,010 

2,100 

2,930

2,660 

2,410 

2,100 

1,930 

1,810

1,720 

2,050 

2,540 

2,560 

2,510 

2,610

1,770 

1,700 

1,730 

1,660 

1,700

1,600 

1,440 

1,410 

1,340 

1.290

Aug.

1,850 

1,770 

1,700 

1,700 

1,700

1,550 

1,550 

1,570 

1,600 

1,420

1,480 

1,480 

1,420 

1,510 

2,010

2,050 

1,970 

1,890 

1,930 

1,770

1,720 

1,850 

1,730 

1,700 

1,480 

1,390

2,280 

1,990 

1,870 

2,010 

2,010

1,970 

1,890 

2,100 

1,970 

2,100

2,080 

2,010 

2,050 

2,010 

1,930

1,720 

1,870 

2,100 

2,190 

2,230

2,190 

2,120 

2,010 

1,770 

1,810

1,770 

1,730 

1,660 

1,640 

1,480 

1,530

1,340 

1,250 

1,220 

1,210 

1,170

1,190 

1,170 

1,170 

1,420 

1.440

Sept.

5,250 

3,800 

2,980 

2,390 

2,320

2,250 

3,270 

6,230 

5,540 

3,970

3,210 

2,390 

1,970 

1,680 

1,550

1,440 

1,360 

1,660 

2,140 

2,560

2,710 

2,610 

2,510 

2,760 

4,170

1,700 

1,580 

1,580 

1,530 

1,480

1,460 

1,550 

1,660 

1,620

1,550

1,510 

1,510 

1,480 

1,440 

1,550

1,660 

1,620 

1,620 

1)620 

1,410

1,390 

1,530 

1,580 

1,550 

1,510

1,550 

1,370 

1,340 

2,140 

2,190

1,340 

1,300 

1,260 

1,270 

1,080

1,210 

1,300 

1,170 

1,210 

1.190

Oct.

4,730 

4,420 

5,320 

11,800 

12,100

12,300

9,590 

8,190 

7,270 

6,190

5,170 

4,450 

3,900 

3,420 

3,120

3,210 

3,270 

3,010 

2,740 

2,640

2,560 

2,410 

6,260 

13,600 

13,000 

11,600

2,440 

2,410 

2,230 

1,930 

1,930

1,890 

1,770 

1,770 

1,660 

1,700

1,720

1,750 

1,970 

1,990 

1,890

1,770 

1,750 

1,530 

1,510 

1,580

1,620 

1,580 

1,510 

1,550 

1,370

1,440 

2,980 

2,870 

2,980 

3,120 

2,870

1,490 

1,510 

1,250 

1,360 

1,370

1,210 

1,170 

1,190 

1,220 

1.250

Nov.

13,400 

22,300 

25,100 

24,500 

21,300

18,200 

15,400 

12,900 

10,800 

9,060

7,560 

6,380 

5,770 

5,320 

4,700

4,340 

4,630 

4,730 

4,590 

4,420

4,240 

3,900 

3,900 

3,770 

3,580

2,050 

2,010 

1,830 

1,680 

1,660

1,620 

1,550 

1,240 

1,490 

1,550

1,580 

1,660 

2,010 

2,080 

2,840

2,820 

2,230 

1,970 

1,910 

1,730

1,790 

1,580 

1,680 

1,930 

2,010

2,320 

3,150 

3,580 

3,210 

3,010

1,140 

1,240 

1,270 

1,300

1,410

1,360 

1,130 

1,360 

1,410 

1.600

\ 

Dec.

2,370 

2,760 

2,610 

2,660 

5,060

8,530 

15,100 

13,100 

11,400 

9,670

9,150

8,570 

7,600 

6,700 

6,380

6,540 

5,470 

5,390 

11,800 

12,400

12,300 

11,400 

11,200 

11,400 

11,700 

13,300

2,870 

2,560 

1,790 

1,580 

1,550

1,270 

1,410 

1,660 

2,560 

2,610

2,010 

2,010 

1,850 

2,160 

2,120

2,100 

2,100 

1,930 

1,730 

1,480

1,770 

1,730 

1,480 

1,370 

1,250

1,440 

1,510 

1,550 

1,580 

1,480 

1,440

1,580 

1,580 

1,660 

1,620 

1,370

1,370 

1,340 

1,290 

1,110 

1.110
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 135 

Daily discharge, in second-feet,, of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y.,for 1904-1911 Contd.

Day.

1909. 

11...............

12............... to

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

10

1Q

20...............

91

OQ

24...............

25...............

26...............

97

28..--.......-...

9Q

^O

31...............

1910. 

1........ .......

4.. ........... ..

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16.. ............ .

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27.. ........... ..

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

1911. 

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

Jan.

5,280 

4,660 

3,520 

2,840 

2,820

2,560 

1,950 

2,140 

1,850 

1,970

1,990 

2,010 

2,010 

2,370 

5,250

8,320 

8,360 

8,360 

7,560

6,980

6,070

1,040 

1,030 

1,050 

1,050 

1,030

1,030 

1,030 

1,030 

1,030 

1,050

1,040 

1,040 

1,040 

1,040 

1,040

1,030 

1,050 

1,080 

1,130 

1,240

1,440 

2,610 

6,380 

7,680 

7,600

6,940 

5,990 

5,430 

4,770

3,840

3,460

2,190 

2,460 

3,840 

4,880 

4,340

3,770 

3,610 

3,300 

3,210 

3,100

2,710 

2,710 

2,610 

2,560 

2.510

Feb.

6,460 

6,780 

6,580 

5,390 

5,210

5,920 

6,860 

6,940 

6,380 

10,500

14,700 

15,100 

14,700 

14,400 

17,400

16,900 

16,500 

15,200

3,010 

2,610 

2,560 

2,460 

2,250

2,230 

2,120 

1,890 

1,970 

2,010

2,300 

2,230 

1,970 

2,100 

2,100

2,050 

2,050 

2,100 

1,970 

1,970

2,050 

2,300 

2,510 

2,710 

2,640

2,510 

2,510 

6,260

2,010 

2,010 

2,190 

2,320 

2,160

2,190 

2,160 

2,140 

2,120 

2,140

2,100 

1,970 

2,010 

2,010 

1.950

Mar.

5,140 

5,020 

5,020 

4,840 

4,700

4,420 

4,170 

3,800 

3,610 

3,580

3,330

3,520 

3,710 

3,840 

4,880

6,460 

6,540 

6,460 

6,540 

6,230 

6,300

13,500 

19,200 

22,000 

22,100 

20,800

18,200 

18,500 

18,400 

17,500 

16,100

14,600 

13,400 

12^000 

11,400 

10,100

8,930 

7,890 

6,700 

6,300 

6,500

7,110

8,270 

10,100 

12,100 

16,700

23,900 

24,600 

24,100 

25,200 

28,100 

31,100

2,100 

2,030 

2,010 

1,930 

1,850

1,890 

1,890 

1,850 

1,810 

1,810

1,790 

1,730 

1,790 

1,930 

2.050

Apr.

22,900 

19,700 

18,800 

28,600 

36,700

41,400 

38,000 

34,900 

31,800 

32,800

32,000 

29,300 

26,700 

24,300 

20,900

19,200 

19,000 

16,900 

16,700 

15,600

32,600 

32,200 

28,800 

25*200 

21,200

19,000 

19,900 

18,900 

17,400 

13,600

11,700 

11,800 

10,500 

8,100 

7,890

6,380 

5,880 

4,950 

12,600 

15,100

14,900 

12,800 

12,300 

10,300 

9,150

11,000 

14,400 

13,700 

12,400 

13,500

7,150 

6,380 

5,690 

5,250 

4,950

5,840 

10,600 

13,400 

13,000 

13,200

14,000 

13,900 

14,600 

16,600 

18.600

May.

19,000 

28,200 

24,400 

20,800 

18,400

15,700 

16,200 

16,400 

16,100 

14,400

13,300 

12,600 

11,800 

10,400 

9,230

8,360 

6,940 

6,230 

6,580 

9,150 

6,030

10,700 

10,300 

9,760 

13,100 

13,300

12,500 

10,800 

10,400 

9,850 

11,000

8,400 

7,430 

6,070 

5,580 

5,580

4,880 

4,310 

4,000 

4,170 

4,380

4,630 

5,770 

5,650 

5,470 

7,850

14,300 

15,300 

14,400 

12,600 

10,800 

11,900

21,700 

24,300 

25,700 

25,400 

17,300

16,700 

12,200 

9,850 

8,970 

7,350

9,190 

7,110 

6,940 

7,190 

3.710

June.

7,560 

6,820 

6,380 

5,690 

5,880

5,020 

4,100 

4,770 

5,620 

6,460

4,660 

4,170 

3,270 

2,980 

2,760

2,480 

2,230 

2,050 

2,010 

1,890

13,100 

12,700 

10,800 

9,060 

7,850

11,100 

15,300 

16,500 

16,000 

14,400

13,100 

12,900 

12,500 

11,200 

10,100

8,710 

8,020 

8,440 

8,660 

7,600

6,380 

5,500 

4,590 

3,770 

3,240

2,870 

2,710 

2,610 

2,510 

2,320

3,270 

3,970 

3,870 

3,360 

3,120

3,460 

4,660 

6,380 

6,780 

5,610

5,320 

5,610 

6,780 

9,850 

9.850

July.

1,170 

1,300 

1,420 

1,460 

1,490

1,580 

1,530 

1,480 

1,370 

1,510

1,850 

1,890 

1,890 

1,950 

2,030

1,770 

1,570 

1,480 

1,340 

1,300 

1,410

2,190 

1,910 

1,510 

1,480 

1,550

1,700 

1,510 

1,490 

1,440 

1,340

1,370 

1,340 

1,420 

1,410 

1,370

1,370 

1,360 

1,370 

1,410 

1,370

1,340 

1,340 

1,360 

1,360 

1,340

1,340 

1,300 

1,340 

1,390

1,580 

1,480

2,010 

1,510 

1,410 

1,340 

1,190

1,270 

1,240 

1,490 

1,550 

1,460

1,620 

1,660 

1,620 

1,600 

1.580

Aug.

1,340 

1,340 

1,360 

1,340 

1,170

1,480 

1,850 

2,510 

2,280 

1,770

1,300 

1,110 

1,110 

1,080 

1, 130

1,410 

1,510 

1,370 

1,240 

1,340 

1,360

1,510 

1,550 

1,420 

1,750 

2,560

3,040 

2,210 

1,850 

1,580 

1,340

1,770 

2,980 

3,210 

2,230 

1,970

1,700 

2,050 

1,990 

1,950 

1,890

1,750 

1,480 

1,620 

1,510 

1,480

1,410 

1,390 

1,340 

1,340 

1,340 

1,340

1,680 

1,620 

1,550 

1,410 

1,490

1,460 

1,480 

1,570 

1,550 

1,460

1,480 

1,530 

1,480 

1,420 

1.420

Sept.

1,250 

1,240 

1,270 

1,270 

1,270

1,250 

1,250 

1,240 

1,110 

1,240

1,210 

1,140 

1,170 

1,270 

1,270

1,130

1,270 

1,480 

1,510 

1,460

1,340 

1,700 

1,890 

1,950 

2,140

2,230 

2,710 

2,930 

2,870 

2,560

2,190 

2,080 

1,910 

2,050 

1,890

1,740 

1,620 

1,510 

1,550 

1,480

1,480 

1,440 

1,440 

1,410 

1,410

1,790 

2,480 

4,450 

6,700 

5,250

2,050 

1,680 

1,440 

1,270 

1,320

1,440 

2,140 

2,760 

3,330 

4,450

3,900 

3,330 

2,820 

2,410 

2.100

Oct.

1,300 

1,270 

1,240 

1,110 

1,110

1,240 

1,110 

1,210 

1,220 

1,250

1,240 

1,340 

1,440 

1,320 

1,620

1,600 

1,510 

1,460 

1,410 

1,340 

1,170

3,840 

2,790 

2,460 

2,140 

1,970

1,830 

2,100 

2,460 

2,230 

2,280

2,37P 

2,230 

2,250 

2,140 

2,010

1,830 

1,890 

1,850 

1,890 

2,010

1,990 

1,990 

2,010 

2,230 

2,390

2,370 

2,660 

3,270 

4,070 

3,930 

3,680

2,120 

2,580 

3,270 

3,460 

4,660

5,390 

5,360 

5,540 

5,620 

5,140

4,380 

3,840 

3,270 

2,870 

2.560

Nov.

1,680 

1,660 

1,550 

1,160 

1,300

1,190 

1,240 

1,320 

1,750 

1,440

1,140 

1,370 

1,370 

1,510 

1,410

1,660 

1,990 

1,700 

2,010 

1,870

3,330 

3,040 

3,040 

3,180 

3,900

4,730 

5,250 

4,280 

3,740 

3,270

3,100 

3,150 

2,930 

2,740 

2,580

2,460 

2,280 

2,100 

1,910 

1,660

1,550 

1,700 

2,100 

2,100 

2,050

2,050 

1,930 

1,930 

1,970 

2,010

4,240 

4,380 

4,240 

3,900 

3,460

3,210 

3,840 

5,470 

7,520 

7,350

7,430 

6,700 

7,520 

8,020 

7.680

Dee.

1,110

1,080 

1,050 

1,030

984

1,110

1,190 

1,250 

1,210 

1,100

1,140 

1,110 

1,130

1,080 

1,080

1,080 

1,070 

1,080 

1,070 

1,040 

1,030

2,050 

1,930 

1,700 

1,620 

1,530

1,440 

1,420 

1,410 

1,490 

1,480

1,370 

1,410 

1,300 

1,340 

1,390

1,370

1,270 

1,300 

1,390 

1,410

1,440 

1,340 

1,300 

1,460 

1,660

1,580 

1,580 

1,770 

1,810 

1,970 

2,120

6,380 

5,840 

9,230 

4,040 

2,900

2,980 

3,420 

3,210 

3,210 

3,330

4,100 

5,840 

9,810 

15,200 

15.200
136 STTEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1&L1, PART 1.

, in second-feet, of Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y. ,for 1904-1911 Gontd.

Day. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept: Oct. Nov. Dec.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

1911.

2,410

2,100

1,890

1,870

2,030

2,280

2,160

2,030

2,050

2,050

2,050

2,280

2,320

2,140

2,230

1,890

1,850

1,870

1,930

2,080

2,100 

2,030 

1,990 

1,970 1, 

1,830

1,970

2,100

2,230

2,280

2,230

2,120

2,120

2,100

2*280 

2,390 

2,370

2,410 

3,580 

6,860 

7,480 

7,850 7 ,-"

21,400

21,400

19,600

18,000

17,200

17,200

17,000

15,600

14,700

14,900

17,100

19,000

20.400

21,500

21,800

4,910

3,550

4,810

5,690

3,710

3,640

4,240

2,980

5,320

3,770

5,250

3,330

6,620

3,840

3,460

3,070

9,320

7,890

6,380

5,280

4,240

3,580

3,150

2,710

2,510

2,190

2,080

2,100

2,370

2,660

2,340

1,570

1,660

1,700

1,510

1,490

1,340

1,290

1,170

1,240

1,300

1,210

1,300

1,580

1,730

1,730 

1,410

1,390

1,410

1,550

1,420

1,480

1,550

1,480

1,460

1,490

1,510

1,440

1,620

2,210

2,870

2,410

1,970

2,160

2, 

1,770

1,570

1,580

1,890

1,870

1,790

1,850

1,770

1,680

1,700

1,850

2,230

2,190

2,660

9,500

10,900

10,500

9,500

9,850

10,100

10,200

7

6,300

5,140

4,450

3,930

6,94013,300 

5,69012,700 

5,54012,200 

7,93010,900 

7,930 ' 

7,350 7,350

6,460 6,540

5,470 9,980

5,02014,200

4,70015,100

3,97014,100

3,97012,900

3,87012,200

4,840 9,850

7,600

6,780

Monthly discharge of Hudson River at Corinth, 'N. Y.,for 1904-1911. 

[Drainage area, 2,730 square miles.]

Month.

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum. Minimum Mean.

Per 

square 

mile.

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on

drainage

Accuracy.

1904.

June.................................... 13,100

July.................................... 5,540

August.................................. 8,620

September.............................. 7,060

October................................. 23,000

November.....'......................... 5,620

December............................... 3,580

1905.

January................................. 3,640

February............................... . 2,100

March.................................. 31,600

April.................................... 37,500

May.................................... 13,000

June.................................... 19,700

July.................................... 18,500

August................................. 9,060

September.............................. 18,900

October................................. 8,020

November.............................. 8,100

December............................... 9,190

The year.......................... 37,500

1906.

January................................. 16,600

February............................... 6,900

March................................... 9,010

April.................................... 28,200

May.................................... 14,900

June.................................... 12,100

July.................................... 10,800

August................................. 2,680

September.............................. 2,660

October................................. 3,740

November.............................. 6,460

December............................... 4,310

The year.......................... 28,200

2,140

1,550

1,210

1,730

2,930

1,770

1,620

5,520

2,460

3,030

2,890

7,830

2,840

2,080

2.02

.901

1.11

1.06

2.87

1.04

.762

1,890

1,770

1,620

9,060

3,460

2,340

2,210

1,550

2,460

2,250

2,710

2,370

2,600

1,860

5,030

18,200

6,970

9,900

6,580

3,570

9,350

4,340

4,730

4,790

.952

.681

1.84

6.67

2.55

3.63

2.41

1.31

3.42

1.59

1.73

1.75

1,550 2.38

3,120

2,980

2,510

7,230

5,020

3,210

1,810

1,440

1,620

1,550

1,720

1,850

6,400

3,950

4,580

16,200

10,400

6,120

3,880

2,020

1,870

2,210

3,150

2,380

2.34

1.45

1.68

5.93

3.81

2.24

1.42

.740

.685

.810

1.15

.872

2.25 

1.04 1.28' 

1.18 

3.31 

1.16

1.10

.71

2.12

7.44

2.94

4.05

2.78

1.51

3.82

1.83

1.93

2.02

32.25

2.70

1.51

1.94

6.62

4.39

2.50

1.64

.85

.76

.93

1.28

1.01

1,440 5,250 1.92 26.13
HOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 187

Monthly discharge of Hudson River at Corinth, N. F.,/or 1904-1911 Continued.

Month.

1907.

April... .................................

May....................................

July....................................

1908.

April... . ................................

May....................................

July....................................

1909.

March...................................

May....................................

July....................................

1910.

"Mi&fcfa

April. ...................................

May....................................

July....................................

1911. '

April....................................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

12,900 

2,710 

34,000 

31,000 

21,400 

8,360 

6,820 

2,050 

6,230 

13,600 

25,100 

15,100

34,000

13,400 

14,700 

26,400 

31,400 

31, 100 

5,800 

2,930 

2,280 

2,190 

3,120 

3,580 

2,870

31,400

8,360 

17,400 

13,300 

41,400 

28,200 

7,930 

2,030 

2.510 

1,510 

1,620 

2,010 

1,660

41,400

7,680 

6,260 

31,100 

32,600 

15,300 

16,500 

2,190 

3,210 

6,700 

4,070 

5,250 

2,120

32,600

4,880 

2,320 

7,859 

21,800 

'25,700 

9,850 

2,010 

2,870 

4,450 

10,900 

8,020 

15,200

25,700

Minimum.

2,410 

1,660 

1,420 

5,250 

4,340 

2,160 

1,490 

1,390 

1,360 

2,410 

3,580 

2,140

1,360

2,460 

2,320 

4,590 

13,100 

5,390 

1,410 

1,660 

* 1,480 

1,340 

1,370 

1,240 

1,250

1,240

1,270 

3,120 

3,330 

7,270 

6,030 

1,890 

1,170 

1,080 

1,080 

1,110 

1,130 

984

984

1,030 

1,890 

6,300 

4,950 

4,000 

 2,320 

1,300 

1,340 

1,340 

1,830 

1,550 

1,270

1,030

1,870 

1,830 

1,730 

4,950 

2,980 

2,080 

1,170 

1,390 

1,270 

2,120 

3,210 

2,900

1,170

Mean.'

6,240 

2,110 

6,510 

13,100 

11,100 

3,670 

2,650 

1,720 

. 2,800 

6,220 

10,200 

7,710

6,190

5,320 

6,070 

9,630 

19,800 

16,300 

2,760 

2,06fr 

1,940 

1,580 

1,970 

2,060 

1,810

5,930

3,990 

8,590 

5,910 

 23,400 

15,500 

4,860 

1,560 

1,390 

1,250 

1,310 

1,450 

1,200

5,820

2,490 

2,410 

16,000 

14,900 

8,880 

8,820 

1,450 

1,820 

2,270 

2,420 

3,740 

1,540

5,490

2,640 

2,040 

2,790 

14,700 

8,770 

4,690 

1,490 

1,590 

2,130 

5,610 

5,690 

8,680

5,060

Per 

square 

mile.

2.29 

.773 

2.38 

4.80 

4.07 

1.34 

.971 

.630 

1.03 

2.28 

3.74 

2.82

2.27

1.95 

2.22 

3.53 

7.25

5.97 

1.01 

.755 

.711 

.579 

.722 

.755 

.663

2.17

1.46 

3.15 

2.16 

8.57 

5.68 

1.78 

.571 

.509 

.458 

.480 

.531 

.440

2.13

0.912

.883 

6.86 

5.46 

3.25 

3.23 

.531 

.667 

.832 

.886 

1.00 

.564

2.01

0.967 

.747 

1.02 

5.38 

3.21 

1.72 

.546 

.582 

.780 

2.05 

2.08 

3.18

1.85

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on . 

drainage 

area).

2.64 

.80 

2.74 

6.36 

4.69 

1.50 

1.12 

.73 

1.15 

2.63 

4.17 

3.25

30.78

2.25 

2.39

4.07 

8.09 

6.88 

1.13 

.87 

.82 

.66 

.83 

.84 

.76

29.58

1.68 

3.28 

2.49 

9.56 

6.55 

1.99 

.66 

.59 

.51 

.55 

.59 

.51

28.74

1.05 

.92 

6.76 

6.09 

3.75 

3.60 

.61 

.77 

.93 

1.02 

1.12 

.65

27.27

1.11 

.78 

1.18 

6.00 

3.70 

1.92 

.63 

.67 

.87 

2.36 

2.31 

3.67

25.20

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D.

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

B.

?:

A. 

B. 

B. 

C. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

A. 

A.

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D.
138 SUBFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

HUDSON HIVES AT MECHANICVILLE, N. Y.

Location. At the Duncan dam of the West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co., in the village 

of Mechanicvjlle, about 3,700 feet above the mouth of Anthony Kill (coming in 

from the right), 1J miles below the mouth of Hoosic Eiver (coming in from the 

left), and about 19 miles above the mouth of Mohawk Eiver, which enters from 

the right at Cohoes.

Records available. 1896 to 1911. Data also in annual reports of the State engineer and surveyor of New York, of the State Water Supply Commission of New 

York, and (for 1911) the first annual report of the State of New York Conserva- 

, tion Commission.

Drainage area. 4,500 square miles.

Gage. Recording gage installed at the dam in the summer of 1910 for the purpose 

of obtaining a more accurate register of the daily flow over the crest of the dam; 

previous to 1910 two gage readings daily on the crest of the dam.

Discharge measurements. Determinations of discharge for periods previous to 

the summer of 1910 computed by using two daily gage readings on the crest of the 

dam and continuous record of the run of the wheelsin the adjoining paper mill. 

In 1904 the dam was raised and a concrete crest and apron were added, so that it 

now has a rounded or ogee section. A discharge curve has been calculated by 

means of coefficients derived from the United States Geological Survey experiments on dams of ogee section.

Accuracy. Records at this station arj3 very carefully made and may be considered 

good for this type of station.

Cooperation. Records are computed and furnished by Mr. R. P. Bloss, engineer of 

the West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co.

The records which have been kept at this station since 1888 are among the longest 

in the State. They have been used as basic data in all studies of storage problems 

on the upper Hudson. In using these records it should be remembered that water is 

diverted past this station in the Champlain^Canal.

'Daily discharge in second-feet of Hudson River at Meehanicville, N. Y.,far 1911.

Day.

1.. ........

2..........

3..........

5..........

6..........

7..........

8..........

9..........

10..........

11..........

12..........

13..........

14. .........

15.......... 

16..........

17..........

18. .........

19. .........

20.......... 

21..........

22..........

23..........

24..........

25.......... 

26..........

27..........

28. .........

29..........

30..........

31..........

Jan.

"2,989

4,340

13, 137

14,021

9

A1 K

7 554

6^587

05,571

7,394

5,920

5,461

5,125

4,292

3,894

"3,759 

5,318

3,414

2,960

3,442

2,302 

1,894

o3,254

1 963

3*846

3,383 

2,243

3,150

8,504

«6,338

6,912

5,013

Feb.

2,761

4,522

2 A7A

aA *>iy>

3 97Q

4,123

3,276

3,291

3,401

3,870

o3,356

2,763

2,785

2,779 

2,683

2,203

2,903

o3 917

3,338 

4 140

3,292

3

K7Q

2,873

1,974

o2,257

5,125

Mar.

4,711

3 7CU

3,922

3,761

al fiCK

2,158

3,737

2,796

1,882

2,592

3,110

ol,633

1,892

4,142

4,051

S

EAft

5,162

4,279

o3,002

5,456 

5,183

4,636

7,926

7,255

5,835 

o4,412

12,921

19,893

13,788

13,446

11,457

Apr.

10,097

o8,047

8,720

7 481

7,061

13,543

 16,775

19,541

016,937

17,207

17 119

16'027

15,877

16,812

22,033

023,628

24,638

20 404

18,774 

18,332

17,671

ale f)Af.

16,890

15,574 

15,431

19,291

22,014

021,554

May.

OO 1KA

OO QQA

26,241

9ft Q451

ic ono

oll,293

14,434

9 ORB

Q £43

7

AQO

7,916

7,186

04,898

7,821 

5,279

5

ARQ

4

KQQ

4 768

5' 760 

a 3, 346

* M9

5,097

3

OQA

4,831 

3,989

4 RE A

o2,835

6,180

3,851

3,747

June.

3,313

S ofia

3,507

o2,436

4

119

3 J.7S

3,072

4,349

5,229

5,654

03,274

t; 4cis

5,241

6,822

9,402 

9 007

8^946

«6,026

8,506

5,203 

4,670

3,780

3,483,

2,379

"1,745

2,057

3,042

2,920

1,644

1,025

July.

1,798

o2,389

2,359

1 O7*>

1 493

1,492

1,650

1,284

o670

924

1,154

1,393

1,548

1,133

1,587 

o600

1,460

1,983

1,426

1,354 

1,425

1,402

ol,282

1,185

1,182 

1,368

967

1,148

1,205

0369

1,048

Aug.

2

AOD

1,770

1,368

1,472

1 ^T7

o391

994

1,706

1,444

1,143

1,088

1,337

o368

1,070

1,581 

1,137

1 7fW

1,167

1,230

o995 

1 '865 004

1 ft4fi

1,040

1,140 

1,178

a333

629

888

1,550

-1,577

Sept.

O AO7

1,251

ol,439

2,028

1,027

1,746

1,446

1,688

2,035

03,080

6,507

4,148

3,626

3,772

3,641 

3,163

o718

1,179

2,310

1,105 

1,025

1,590

943

o718

1,165 

1,123

1,050

1,004

1,030

1,680

Oct.

o489

1 QQ1

3,230

3,034

.3,823

4,838

4,906

04,305

5,566

5,283

4,797

4,488

4,045

4,367

ol,854 

2,988

2,984

6,176

16,047

16,528 

13,781

ol4,123

16,171

14,143

13,045 

11,244

10,111

8,612

05,770

8,761

6,786

Nov.

6,386

6,172

5,629

o3,917

6,644

5,029

6,503

7,448

8,447

7,864

o5,759

12,149

9,506

9,642 

7,769

7,370

6,643

 »10,961

11,761 

10,086

9,053

7,977

7,141

7,730 

o5,175

7,664

5,797

6,469

8,283

Dec.

o o«7

7,539

o5,756

7 4KQ

4 QSfi

4,633

4,344

4,434

5,055

03,495

5,896

5,924

7,420

11,575

14,133 

13,273

ol3,709

14,978

12,718

11,006 

8,941

8,096

13,181

ol8,220

18,623 

17,475

15,878

15,184

11,593

8,686

08,615

o Sunday.
NOI^TH ATLANTIC COAST.

Monthly discharge of Hudson River at Mechanicville, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 4,500 square miles.]

139

Month.

January. ......................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

October........................................

December. ....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

14,000 

6,040 

19,900 

24,600 

26,200 

9,400 

2,390 

2,040 

6,510 

16,500 

12,100 

18,600

26,200

Minimum.

1,890 

1,970 

1,630 

7,060 

2,840 

1,020 

369 

368 

718 

489 

3,920 

3,500

368

Mean.

5,270 

3,370 

5,780 

16,800 

9,260 

4,430 

1,360 

1,180 

2,000 

7,240 

7,560 

10,000

6,190

Per 

square 

mile.

1.17 

.749 

1.28 

3.73 

2.06 

.985 

.302 

.262 

.444 

1.61 

1.68 

2.22

1.38

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage

area).

1.35

.78 

1.48 

4.16 

2.38 

1.10 

.35 

.30 

.50 

1.86 

1.87 

2.54

18.67

NOTE. Computations by engineers of United States Geological Survey.

CEDAR RIVER NEAR INDIAN LAKE, N. Y.

Location. At the steel highway bridge about 2 miles west of Indian Lake village, 

on the road leading to Blue Mountain Lake, about 12 miles by river above its 

confluence with the Hudson, 8 miles by river above the mouth of Rock River 

(tributary from the left) and 10 miles by river below Cedar River Flow (Wakely 

dam).

Records available. July 15, 1911, to December 31, 1911. Published also in first 

annual report of State of New York Conservation Commission.

Drainage area. 85 square miles.**

Gage. Standard chain and weight.

Channel. Coarse gravel and small bowlders, fairly permanent. Low-water control 

is gravel rift about 200 feet below the bridge.

Storage. The basin contains many lakes and swamps affording favorable sites for 

storage reservoirs which would be influential in regulating the discharge of Hudson 

River. Those that are important are Cedar Lakes and Cedar River Flow. Cedar 

River Flow is controlled by a lumberman's dam and is used principally during 

the logging season.

Accuracy. Discharge rating curve not yet determined.

Cooperation. Established and maintained in cooperation with the State of New 

/York Conservation Commission.

Discharge measurements of Cedar River near Indian Lake, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

July 15 6

Nov. 16 c

Hydrographer.

G. H. Canfleld. ...........................................................

Frank Weber.............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.52

3.05

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

31.0

75.1

a Measured from topographic maps by engineers of Conservation Commission of New York. 

6 Discharge measurement made under upstream side of bridge by wading. 

c Some ice near gage and shore.
140 StIEPACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily gqge height, in feet, of Cedar River near Indian Lake, N. Y.,far 1911.

Day.

1...........

2..........

3..........

4..........

5..........

6..........

7..........

8.........'.

9..........

10..........

11..........

12..........

13..........

14..........

IS..........

July.

2.52

Aug.

2.52

2.60

2.50

2.50

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.48

2.45

Sept.

2.45

2.45

2.58

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.85

2.85

3.25

3.45

3.48

3.32

3.25

2.92

2.88

Oct.

2.60

2.80

2.75

3.30

3.40

3.90

4.00

4.00

3.90

2.8S

2.85

2.90

2.90

2.82

2. SO

Nov.

3.58

3.78

3.95

3.20

3.22

3.25

3.50

3.65

......

Dec.

4.00

4.00

3.45

3.40

3.45

3.68

3.75

3.75

3.55

4.35

4.65

6.30

5.85

5.90

5.02

Day.

16..........

17..........

18..........

19..........

20..........

21..........

22..........

23..........

24..........

25..........

26..........

27..........

28..........

29..........

30..........

31..........

July.

2.50

2.50

2.71

2.55

2.50

2.58

2.55

2.50

2.52

2.50

2.45

2.45

2.50

2.55

2.52

2.52

Aug.

2.45

2.50

2.50

2.55

2.55

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.48

2.55

2.50

2.68

2.82

2.70

2.58

Sept.

3.10

4.05

3.12

3.00

2.80

2.78

2.78

2.80

2.80

2.50

2.50

2.50

2.45

2.55

2.60

Oct.

2.80

2.82

2.80

2.85

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.70

4.00

4.00

3.25

3.25

3.60

3.30

3.22

3.30

Nov.

3.05

3.68

3.90

4.22

4.06*

3.50

3.45

3.55

3.30

3.30

3.30

3.28

3.32

4.42

4.32

Dee.

4.92

4.65

4.52

3.70

3.50

3.40

3.30

5.90

5.70

5.05

4.50

4.60

6.20

.....

NOTE. Extent of backwater from ice not definitely known. The observer stated that the river was 

"frozen nearly all over" Nov. 20, "nearly all open" Dec. 7, that the ice was "all out of the river" Dec. 

14, and that the river was "allfrozen up" on Dec. 29.

INDIAN LAKE BE SERVO IB AT INDIAN LAKE, N. Y.

Location. At the masonry storage dam at the outlet of Indian Lake, about 7J miles 

above the confluence of Indian River with the Hudson and about 23J miles above 

the village of North Creek.

Records available. July 22, 1900, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of the State engineer and surveyor, State Water Supply Commission, and 

State Conservation Commission.

Drainage area. 131 square miles, including about 9.3 square miles of water surface 

of Indian Lake at the elevation of the spillway of the dam.

Gage. Staff; read once daily. November 17,1911, a chain gage was installed on the 

crest of the dam to replace the staff gage. Datum of both gages the same and 

unchanged since the establishment of the station.

Discharge measurements. The record of this station includes elevation of water 

surface in the reservoir, depth of water flowing over the spillway or flashboards, 

depth of opening, and the effective head on each of the 5-foot sluice gates. A 

meteorologic station has also been established at the dam by the United States 

Weather Bureau and records are kept of the rainfall, temperature, etc. The crest 

of the dam is 106.05 feet in the clear. To facilitate the calculation of discharge 

over the spillway, experiments were made at Cornell University in 1899 on a fullsize model of the spillway section, 6.58 feet long, from which the coefficient 

of discharge has been determined. No computations of discharge have been 

made pending current meter measurements to rate discharge through gates. At 

present, record of reservoir level alone is obtainable. The elevation of the crest 

of the spillway above mean tide is 1,650 feet.

Artificial control. The flow of the upper Hudson has been controlled to a considerable extent during the dry season by the use of Indian Lake Reservoir since its 

completion in 1899. Total storage provided, about 4,700,dOO,000 cubic feet, 

affording a discharge of nearly 600 second-feet for a period of 90 to 130 days 

each year.

Maximum and minimum gage heights. Maximum gage height at Indian Lake 

Reservoir since the establishment of the station recorded April 27, 1908, 37.00 

feet; minimum gage height, recorded March 9 to 18, 1907, and Januarys to 17, 

1910, 2.00 feet.

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with State engineer and surveyor 

and State Conservation Commission.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 141 

Discharge measurement of Indian River near Indian Lake, N. Y., in 1911.

Date:

July 15V

Hydrographer.

G. H. Canfleld ...........................................................

 ».

feel. 

«7.00

Discharge.

8ec.-ft.

QKfL

« Distance from reference point to water surface; reference point is top of eyebar of second span from 

right abutment downstream side of bridge. Measurement made at first highway bridge below dam; about 

1J miles downstream.

Gage at Indian Lake dam read 29.3 feet. One Moot sluice gate open 5 feet; the other open 2J feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Indian Lake reservoir at Indian Lake, N. Y.,for 1911,

Day.

1... ............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13............... 

14. ..............

15...............

16. ..............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24. ..............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

11.20

11.15

11.20

11.40

11.46

11.55

11.80

12.00

12.10

12.15

12.25 

12.35

12.40

12.50

12.55

12.45

12.35

12.20

12.10

11.90

11.85

11.70

11.60

11.45

11.35

11.35

11.40 

11.50 

11.60

Feb.

11.45

11.35

11.20

11.10

10.95

10.85

10.70

10.60

10.45

10.35

10.10

9.95 

9.85

9.70

9.60

9.45

9.35

9.20

9.10

8.96

8.85

8.70

8.45

8.35

8.20

8.10

Mar.

7.95

7.85

7.70

7.60

7.45

7.25

7 05

6.85

6.65

6 40

6.20

6.05

5.90 

5.70

5.65

5.45

5.30

5.15

4.95

4.80

4.65

4.45

4 30

4.15

o OK

3.79

4.00

5.15

5.60 

6.00 

6.40

Apr.

6.70

7.00

7.25

7.40

7.55

7.85

8.15

8.55

s on

9.25

9.55

9.80

10.05 

10.45

11.10

11.60

12.15

19 fift

13.00

13.40

13.90

14.35

14.75

15.15

15.75

16.50

17.45

18.70

19.80 

21.10

May.

22.10

23.75

24.75

25.15

25.50

25.85

26.10

26.35

26.65

26.85

27.05

27.15

27.30

07 Af\

27.55

27.65

27.70

27.85

27.95

28.15

28.30

28.40

28.45

28.70

28.85

28.90

29.00

29.10

29.15 

29.15 

29.20

June.

29.25

29.30

29.35

29.40

29.40

29.60

29.85

30.10

30.15

30.25

30 40

30.65

31.10 

31.40

31.70

31.80

31.95

32.10

32.25

32.30

OO OK

QO Af\

32.45

32.50

32.50

32.35

32.35

32.35 

32.35

July.

32.35

32.35

32.35

32.35

32.35

32.30

qo AC

01 on

01 ftft

31.25

30.90

30.35

30.00 

29.60

29.25

OQ on

28.60

28.30

28.10

27.80

27.70

27.55

27.25

97 flft

26.60

26.15

25.80

25.40 

25.00 

24.80

Aug.

24.40

24.00

23.80

23.40

23.00

22.70

OO 9ft

21.90

21.50

21.10

20.90

20.50

20.10 

19.90

19.45

19.00

18.80

18.40

18.00

17.80

17.40

17.00

16.80

16.55

16.^0

15.90

15.65

15.40

15.15 

14.90 

14.70

Sept.

14.75

14.80

14.85

14.85

14.85

14.80

14.70

14.60

14.60

14.75

14.85

14.85

14.85 

14.90

15.05

15.15

15.20

15.25

15.30

15.35

15.20

15.10

14.90

14.75

14.60.

14.40

14.25

14.10

13.90 

13.75

Oct.

13.65

13.56

13.50

13.60

13.90

14.05

14.20

14.40

14.50

14.60

14.70

14.80

14.90 

14.90

14.95

15.00

15.05

15.20

15.55

15.90

16.10

16.35

16.60

16.85

17.10

17.30

17.40

17.55

17.65 

17.80 

17-95

Nov.

18.05

18.10

18.20

18.30

18.40

18.45

18.70

18.90

19.10

19.30

19.50

19.70

19.90 

20.00

20.10

20.25

20.35

20.85

20.90

21.00

21.10

21.15

21.20

21.25

21.45

21.60

21.80

21.85

22.00 

22.20

Dec.

22.35

22.50

22.60

22.70

22.80

22.85

22.90

23.00

23.10

23.20

23.40

23.70

24.40 

25.00

25.45

25.70

25.90

26.20

26.40

26.50

26.60

26.70

27.30

27.70

28.00

28.30

28.60

28.75

28.90 

29.00 

29.20

Gate openings, in feet, of Indian Lake reservoir at Indian Lake, N. Y.,for 1911.

Date.

Jan. 18 and 19...

Jan. 31. ........

Mar. 1. .........

Mar. 5..........

Mar.27... ......

Sluice 

gate A 

open.

Feet.

5.0

5.0

Sluice 

gateB 

open.

Feet. 

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Date.

July6..........

July9..........

July 26.........

July 31.........

Aug. 1.. ........

Aug. 31.........

Sluice 

gate A 

open.

Feet.

2.0

2

e

2.5

2 A

2.0

Sluice 

gate B 

open.

Feet. 

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Date.

Sept. 8.........

Sept. 20.. ......

0«t.l. .........

Oct.3..........

Sluice 

gate A 

open.

Feet,

Sluice 

gate B 

open.

Feet. 

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0
142 SUKFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

SCHBOON LAKE AT POTTEBSVILLE, N. Y.

Location. At the outlet of Schroon Lake, 1 mile from Pottersville post office, 9

miles upstream from the gaging station at Riverbank, N. Y. 

Records available. July 8, 1903 (station established), to December 5, 1908; July

1, 1909 (date of ice breaking not known), to December 4, 1909; April 17, 1910, to

December 3, 1910; April 2, 1911, to December 31, 1911. Published also in

annual reports of State Water Supply Commission and the State Conservation

Commission. 

Gage. Staff fastened to steamboat wharf; read once daily. The gage datum was

established at an elevation of 803.75 feet above sea level. Datum unchanged. 

Winter records. Observations are discontinued each year when the lake freezes

and reestablished in the spring as soon as the ice breaks. See records available. 

Cooperation. Established and maintained by United States Geological Survey in

cooperation with the State Water Supply Commission of New York.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Schroon Lake at Pottersville, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Hannah Nichols, observer.]

Day.

1.. .........................

2...........................

3...........................

4...........................

5...........................

6...........................

7...........................

8...........................

9...........................

10...........................

11...........................

12...........................

13...........................

14............. ..............

15. ..........................

16.................. .........

17...........................

18. ..........................

19...........................

20...........................

21...........................

22........'...................

23...........................

24...........................

25...........................

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Apr.

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.9

1.1

2

f\

2.6

3.0

3.8

4.85

5.3

5.8

6.3

6.5

6.5

6.4

6.4

6.3

6.3

6.2

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.3

6.4

6,5

6.5

May.

6.6

6.65

6.7

6.6

6.45

6.1

5.9

5.7

5.5

5.2

4.9

4.8

4.75

4.7

. 4.5

4.3

4.2

4.0

4.0

4.0

4 0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4 n

4.0

4.0

4.0

3 Q

3.8

q 7

June.

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.6

3.6

3 4K

3.2

3

1

i n

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.2

2.1

July.

2.1

1.9

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.3

1.3

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

.9

.9

.9

.8

.8

.8

.8

.8

Aug.

' 0.8

.8

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.6

.6

.6

.5

, -5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

Sept.

0.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.4

.5

.4

.4

.5

.5

.5

.6

.6

.6

.7

.5

.5

.4

.4

. .4

.4

-.4

.4

.35

.35

.3

.3

Oct.

0.5

.6

.6

.6

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

.7

(«)

Nov.

6 2.6

2.6

2.7

2.9

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.8

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.7

Dec.

2.7

2.7

2 7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2-7

2.7

2.9

2.9

3.4

3.6

4.0

4.5

4.7

4.8

4.9

4.9

5.0 '5.1

5.2

5.3

5.3

5.4

5.45

5.0

5.7

5.75

5.8

a Gage removed, making repairs to dock.

& Gage installed by local parties, datum uncertain; indicates rate lake was filling to end of December.

SCHBOON BIVEB AT BIVEBBANK, N. Y.

Location. At the highway bridge 12 miles above the confluence of Schroon River 

with the Hudson, 9 miles below the mouth of Schroon Lake, about 3J miles below 

the outlet of Brant Lake (coming in from the left), and 1 mile below Tumblehead 

Falls which extend upstream about a mile farther. The station is about 9 miles 

north of Warrensburg, where there are several dams used for power development.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 143

Records available. September 2,1907, to December 31,1911. Data also in annual 

reports of New York State Water Supply Commission, State engineer and surveyor, 

and State Conservation Commission.

Drainage area. 534 square miles.

Gage. Chain; read once daily; datum unchanged.

Channel. Gravel; smooth and permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Artificial control. Since 1907 the regimen of flow of Schroon River, from the lowwater period to the high, has been somewhat affected by storage in Schroon Lake. 

In September, 1907, a timber crib dam was constructed at Starbuckville about 6 

miles above the station. This dam affords a head of about 8 feet and ponds water 

to Schroon Lake*

Wtnternow. Affected by ice. Measurements made through the ice have developed 

a fairly good ice discharge curve.

Accuracy. Open-water curve well developed. Gage heights are affected by log jams 

during May and June and for this period the daily discharge is obtained from a 

special rating curve.

Cooperation. Established and maintained by United States Geological Survey in 

cooperation with the State Water Supply Commission of New York.

Discharge measurements of Schroon River at Riverbank, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

Feb. 26&

Id

Id

Hydrographer.

F. J. Shuttleworth .......................................................

.....do....................................................................

G.H.Canfleld... .........................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.33

2.04

3.00

1.22

1.18

1.16

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

370

250

698

111

99.9

94.1

a Measurement made under complete ice cover. Average thickness of ice 1.21 feet. Gage height to top 

of ice 2.40 feet. 

6 Measurement made under complete ice cover. Average thickness of ice 1.29 feet. Gage height to top 

of ice 2.20 feet.

c Logs in river caused backwater at gage.

d Measurement made by wading below the gage.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Schroon River at Riverbank, N. Y.,for 1911. , 

[J. H. Roberts, observer.]

Day.

1..... ..........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

Jan.

1.85

1.85

2.0

2.05

2.1

2.1

2.05

2.1

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

9 91

2.3

2.3

9 J

2.4

2.35

9 ^

2.3

Feb.

2.25

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.25

2.35

2.4

2.3

2.15

2.2

9 9

2.2

2.4

2.35

9 ^

9 9

2.25

2 25

2.15

2.25

Mar.

9 1

2.05" 9 n

1.95

1 Q

i at;

1.85

1 Q

1.95

1 95

i ft

1.65

1.75

1.8

1 OS

9 n

2.05

1 9

1.75

1.9

Apr.

9 I

2.35

2.6

2.6

9 81

3.1

3.2

3.2

3.6

3

0

4.1

A *>

4.4

5.1

5.4

5.5

K A

1 A

5.3

May.

5 9

5.2

5.5

5.0

A Q

4 4

A 9

A 9

41

3 Q

3.8

3 7

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.3

o q

3

j

3.4

June.

9 ft

9 4.

9 °.1

2.3

2 9

0 9

3.2

3

9

3.2

3

-1

9 fk

3 9

3 9

3.2

3 9

3 9

3.3

2 Q

3 ft

2.7S

July.

1.7

1.65

1.6

2.15

OIK

2 1 C

2.1

1.7

1.4

1.6

1 45

1.35

1

0

1

*>

1 ^1

1.2

1.25

1 ^

1.4

1.4

Aug.

1 i

1.3

1 91

1.25

1.25

1 9

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1 91

1.15

1.2

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.2

1 9

1.15

Sept.

1 9

1.2

1 9

1.12

1.15

1.15

119

1 19

1.3

1.55

1.45

1.5

1.6

1.48

1.5

1.5

1 48

1 48

1.5

1.45

Oct.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.45

1 45

1.5

1.6

1.8

1.8

1 71

1 ft

1.75

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

L65

1

C

n o

2.2

Nov.

2.35

2.4

9 4.

2.4

9 ^11

9 J.

2.4

2.3

2.32

9 1

9 AR

9 d&

0 CC

9 7

9 ft

2 7

9 it

9 *7C

2.8

Dec.

2.65

2.6

2.6

2.65

2.55

9 *i

2.5

O K

2.5

2 45

2.5

2.5

2.7

3.1

3 9

3

9

3.5

3.6

3

f*

3.6
144 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Schroon River at Riverbank, N. Y.,for 1911 Continued.

Day.

21...............

22................

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29

30...............

31...............

Jan.

2.25

2.2

2.3

2.45

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.45

2.15

2.35

2.3

Feb.

2.25

2.3

2.25

2.3

2.25

2.35

2.2

2.15

Mar.

1.95

1.9

1 9

1.95

2.0

.1.8

2.15

2.35

2.35

2.45

2.5

Apr.

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

t 9

5.2

5.2

May.

2.85

2.9

9 QH

3.2

2.95

3.4

2.3

2.35

2.3

3.2

June.

2.65

2.65

9 V*

2.25

2.3

2.35

2.4

9 3

2.25

2.2

July.

1.4

1.35

1.3

1.45

1.35

1.3

1.35

1.35

1.4

1.25

1.3

Aug.

1.15

1.15

1.1

1.1

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.1

1.15

1.1

1.1

Sept.

1.45

1.48

1.45

1.35

1.38

1.45

1.45

1.4

1.42

1.4

Oct.

2.2

2.2

2.42

2.35

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.35

2.35

2.4

2.4

Nov.

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.7

2 65

2 C5

2.65

2.65

2.65

Dec.

3.5

3.6

3.8

3.9

4.1

4.1

4.1

i 1

4,0

4.0

3.6

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge doubtless affected by ice from Jan. 1 to about Mar. 18. Biekwater from ice during December improbable. Gage readings were probably taken to the surface, of the 

water. Backwater from log jams may have existed during the greater part of the open-water period. The 

plotting of the measurement made June 8 indicates that there was backwater during May and June.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Schroon River at Riverbank, N. Y.,for 1911.

Day.

1....... ........

2... ............

3...............

3...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14............... ;5... ............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

3ff..... ..........

31...............

Jan. Feb. Mar.

259

312

331

312

312

331

350

276

411

499

499

545

568

Apr.

568

499

618

593

618

74O

900

Qfifi

966

1,290

1,470

1,780

2,000

2,100

2,920

3,280

3,400

3 OCA

3,160

3,160

3,040

2,920

2,800

2,800

2,800

2,800

3,040

3,040

3,040

May.

3,040

3,040

3,400

3,280

2,800

2,560

2,100

1,890

1,890

1,780

1,570

1,470

1,380

935

935

935

875

875

935

935

620

645

673

815

1,060

673

935

350

372

350

815

June.

495

395

372

350

645

815

815

875

815

755

235

815

815

815

815

815

875

645

700

694

643

643

593

454

476

499

522

476

454

432

July.

242

226

212

411

411

411

390

242

156

212

170

143

130

130

143

105

118

130

156

156

156

143

130

170

143

130

143

143

156

118

130

Aug.

130

130

118

118

118

105

118

118

118

118

118

93

105

93

93

93

93

105

105

93

93

93

81

81

70

70

70

81

93

81

81

Sept.

105

105

105

86

93

93

86

86

130

198

170

184

212

178

184

184

178

178

184

170

170

178

170

143

151

170

170

156

162

156

Oct.

156

156

156

170

170

184

212

276

276

259

276

259

242

242

212

212

226

276

432

432

432

432

531

499

522

522

522

499

499

522

522

Nov.

499

522

522

522

499

522

522

485

485

568

545

545

593

643

«68

721

668

721

694

721

721

668

694

668

668

643

643

643

643

643

Dec.

643

.618

618

643

593

568

568

568

568

545

568

568

668

900

966

1,040

1,200

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,200

1,290

1,470

1,570

1,780

1,780

1,780

1,780

1,670

1,670

1,290

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from two discharge rating curves; the 1910 curve, ppplied Mar. 19 

to May 13 and June 20 to Dec. 31, and a curve based on measurement made June 8, applied May 14 to June 

19. It is not known to what extent other determinations of daily discharge may be in error, as a result of 

backwater from log jams not reported by the observer.
NOETH ATLANTl£ COAST.

j 

Monthly discharge ofSchroon River at \Riverbank, N. Y.,for 1911.

[Drainage area, 534 square miles.}

145

Month.

April...................................

May....................................

July....................................

The year........... ...............

Dischaige in second-feet.

Maximum.

568 

3,400 

3,400 

,875 

411 

130 

212 

531 

721 

1,780

3,400

MinfnuiTH^

....4......

499 

350 

235 

105 

70 

86 

156 

485 

545

70

Meat.

357 

250 

310 

2,130 

1,420 

625 

189 

99.2 

151 

333 

610 

1,060

628

Per 

square 

mile.

0.669 

.468 

.581 

3.99 

2.66 

1.17 

.354 

.186 

.283 

.624 

1.14 

1.99

1.18

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches OH 

drainage 

area).

0.77 

.49 

.67 

445 

3.07 

1.30 

.41 

.21 

.32 

.72 

1.27 

2.29

15.97

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

C. 

A. 

B, 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 to Mar. 18 estimated by meanS of records of discharge at other stations in the 

upper Hudson River basin, climatologic records, and two discharge measurements made during the period. 

Mean discharge Mar. 1 to IS estimated 260 second-feet.

SACANDAGA RIVER At WELLS, N. Y.

Location. At the lower highway bridge in t|te village of Wells, 1 mile below the 

mouth of Elbow Creek and 2| miles above ttye mouth of West Branch of Sacandaga 

River, both streams entering from the rightj. -

Records available. August 25, 1907, to September 30, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of the State Water Supply Commission of New York, State engineer and 

surveyor of New York, and State of New TJTork Conservation Commission. This 

station was discontinued October 1, 1911.

Drainage area. 263 square miles. 

Gage. Chain; read twice daily. Datum unchanged.

Channel. Rough and permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge and by wading.

Artificial control. There are no mills of any importance above the station. There 

are, however, several small storage reservoirs which hold back water for short 

periods to be used for logging. The release of this water has little effect on the 

daily gage readings. During the s'ummer oi 1911 a timber dam about 10 feet high 

was constructed about half a mile below tho station on the site of an old dam formerly used for milling. The new dam, which furnishes power for a hardwoodveneer mill, was put in operation August 138, 1911, and caused backwater at the 

gaging station.

Winter flo-w. Affected by ice.

Accuracy. The low water and middle stage pjarta of the discharge rating curve are 

very well developed; but owing to the velocity of the water and the roughness of 

the channel, it is difficult to get accurate measurements at high stages, and determinations based on gage heights above 7 f^et may be somewhat in error. Gage 

readings subsequent to August 28,1911, of no value except as they show the effect 

of backwater from the new dam.

Cooperation. Established and maintained by United States Geological Survey in 

cooperation with the State Water Supply Commission of New York. 

48521° WSP 301 12 10
146 SUEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Discharge measurements of Sacandaga River at Wells, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

Mar. 136

Apr. 19«

2flc

25«

July 23d

Hydrographer.

F. J. Shuttleworth.. . .....................................................

C. 8. DeGolyer......4....................................................

E.S. Callings.. ...........................................................

W. G, Hayt. .............................................................

C. 8. De Golyer.. .. . ......................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

4.95

437

6.95

7 AA

6.83

3.96

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

194

166

1,660

1 740

1^700

47

a Dischargeraeasuremerit made under partial ice cover. 

6 River practically free of ice above gage and for 300 feet below gage.

« Discharge measurement made by subsurface method using a coefficient of 0.72 to reduce surface 

velocities to mean velocity. 

<* Discharge measurement made by wading one-half mile upstream.

Daily gage height, infect, of Sacandaga River at Wells, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Frank Stanyon, observer.]

Day.

1. ..........................

2...........................

, 3...........................

4...........................

5...........................

6............-.----.--.-....

7...........................

9........................... 10...........................

11........................... 12..:........................

13...........................

14...........................

15...........................

16...........................

17...........................

18...........................

19...........................

20 ''

21...........................

22...........................

23...........................

24...........................

25

26...........................

27...........................

28...........................

29...........................

30...........................

31...........................

Jan.

6.8

6.7

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.0

6.7

6.6

6.5

6.25

6.1

5.85

5.9

5.8

5.7

5.6

5.45

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.15

5.1

5.0

5.0

A QC

4.98

5.1

5.25

5.2

5.2

Feb.

5.2

5.2

5.25

5.2

5.3

5.3

5.2

K O

5.3

5.1

5.1 5.r

5.1

5.0

i

5.05

5.0

5.0

A Q

4.9

A C

A C

4.75

4.75

> 4.7

4.7

4.68

Mar.

4.7

4.7

4.6

4.6

4.5

4.5

4.48

4 48

4.45

4.42

4.4

4.42

4 45

4.65

4.45

4.55

4 6

4.6

4.6

4.5

4.5

4.6

4 6

4.6

4 6

4 65

4 85

 4.5

5.85

5.6

5.4

Apr.

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.3

6.15

6.6

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.5

6.7

7.1

7.6

7.1

6.8

6.8

6 9

7.0

7.0

6.7

6.5

6.35

6 Q

7.5

7.9

8.1

8.8

8.0

May.

7.8

8.4

7.6

7.5

7.6

7.2

6.4

7.2

7.0

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.35

' 6.3

6.4

6.3

6.45

6.4

6.4

6.35

6 4

.6.35

6.0

5.75

5.7

5.48

June.

5.45

5.35

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.4

5.75

5.9

5.6

5.35

5.2

5.65

6.6

6.9

6.4

5.95

5.65

5.5

5.25

5.1

4.9

4.9

4.8

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.5

4.46

4.42

July.

4.40

4.36

4.32

4.32

4.28

4.22

4.15

4 08

4.00

4.00

3.92

3.90

3.95

3.90

3.85

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.92

3.90

3.92

3.90

3.80

3.98

4.00

3.94

3.88

3.88

3.92

3.94

3.94

Aug.

3.82

3.82

3.86

3.78

3.75

3.74

3.71

3.70

3.69

3.68

3.64

3.60

3.60

3.62

3.62

3.60

3.64

3.60

3.60

3.62

3.60

3.62

3.64

3.60

3.59

3.58

3.59

3.95

8.2

6.2

6.1

Septj

6.4

7.2

7.0

8.1

9.9

10.2

10.2

10.3

10.5

10.2

10.1

10.1

10.1

10.1

10.2

10.4

10.2

10.1

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.1

10.1

10.1

10.1

x NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge doubtless affected by ice from Jan. 1 to about Mar. 10. The 

gage readings were probably to water surface. The gage heights were probably more or less affected by 

backwater from log jams during April, May, and June. Beginning Aug. 29, the gage heights do not correctly indicate the discharge, as- the station was flooded out by backwater from the newly constructed 

dam below.
NORTH ATLANTIC! COAST. 147

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofSacandaga[ River at Wells, N. Y.,for 1911.

Day.

1............... .....................

2....................................

3....................................

4....................................

5....................................

6....................................

7....................................

8....................................

9.................................... 10....................................

11....................................

12....................................

13....................................

14....................................

15....................................

16....................................

17....................................

18....................................

19....................................

20....................................

21....................................

22....................................

23....................................

24....................................

25....................................

26....................................

27....................................

28....................................

29....................................

30....................................

31....................................

Jan.

t

,

Feb. Ma^.

161 ifer

ipwr^

242

176

2E5

2(25

192

192

2125

225

2B5

Olio

317

1J2

oac

715

5JO

Apr.

530

475

425

425

Af)t\

630

1,100

1,460

1,220

1,220

1,220

1,380

1 tMI

1,890

2,350

1,890

1,620

1,620

1,710

1,800

i snn

1 <un

1,380

1,260

1,710

2 9ATI

2 640

2 840

S

een

2 7^A

May.

f> tun

2,330

1,700

1,620

1 7fMl

1,410

906

1,410

1,280

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300

1.260

1,220

1,300

1,220

1 340

1^300

1,300

1,260

I

OAft

1,260

990 ai<5

780

64S

June.

620

660

630

630

630

690

816

920

716

560

476

748

1 Afifl

1,710

1,300

956

748

650

502 425"

337

337

297

297 9fin

225

192

192

IQA

167

July.

161

149

138

138

127

110

93

77

60

. 60

46

43

52

43

37

41

41

41

46

43

46

43

31

57

60

50

41

41

46

50

50

Aug.

33

33

38

29

27

26

24

23

22

22

19

17

17

18

18

17

19

17

17

18

17

18

19

17

16

16

16

52

(100)

(160)

n^nS

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve. The discharge is 

determined from the same rating curve used to compute revised estimates for this station published in 

Water-Supply Paper 281. Daily discharge Aug. 29, 30, and!31 estimated from the discharge at Hadley. 

Daily discharge May 2 to 9 reduced on account of the backwater from log jam.

Monthly discharge ofSacandaga River (f,t Wells, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 263 square miles.]

Month.

March...................................

May....................................

July.....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

885 

3,560 

2,540 

1,710 

161

Minintum.

"""" *426" 

648 

167 

31 

16

Mean.

240 

170 

248 

1,550 

1,330 

594 

66.5 

33.1

Per 

square 

mile.

0.913 

.646 

.943 

5.89 

5.06 

2.26 

.253 

.126

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.05 

.67 

1.09 

6.57 

5.83 

2.52 

.29 

.15

Accuracy.

D. 

C. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B.

NOTE. Discharge during January, February, and Mar. 1 \o 10 has been estimated from the discharge 

at Hadley. Mean discharge, Mar. 1 to 10,166 second-feet.

SACANDAGA RIVER NEAR HOPE, N. Y.

Location. About 3J miles above the post office at Hope, 4 miles below the village 

of Wells, 12 miles above Northville (the nearest railroad station), and 1J miles 

below the junction of the East and West branches of the Sacandaga.

Records available. September 15 to Decembe^ 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 494 square miles.

Gage. Staff in two sections: A sloping staff reading from 1.00 foot to 4.30 feet, on a 

slope of 2.5 to 1; a vertical staff (for high wa^er records) attached to a rocky cliff 

in line with.the sloping gage.
148 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Channel. Regular and permanent. Banks are fairly free from timber; high and

rocky. 

Discharge measurements. The channel was cleared of bowlders and a cable

with a span of 214 feet was erected for making discharge measurements. 

Cooperation. Established and maintained by United States Geological Survey in

cooperation with the New York State Conservation Commission.

Discharge measurements of Sacandaga River near Hope, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

Sept. 19

26

on

30

Hydrographer.

C. S. DeGolyer...........................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.04

1.87

2.33

2.34

Discharge.

See.-feet. 

243

197

885

378

Daily ga$e height, in feet, of Sacandaga River near Hope, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Edgar Coulombe, observer.]

Day.

1. ..............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

Sept.

2.24

Oct.

2 28

2.80

2.70

3 Q7

3.44

3.12

3.14

3.18

3.05

2.93

2

Q1

2.72

2.62

2

t-|

Nov.

3.22

3.09

3.00

2.92

2.83

2.79

3

0J

3

QK

3 7ft

3 RQ

3 fin

4.05

3.82

3.65

Dec.

3.51

3.65

3.34

3.01

2.90

3.02

2.88

2.80

2.85

3.06

3.44

4 30

5.25

4.85

4.35

Day.

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...... .........

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31. ...... J.......

Sept.

2.43

2.29

2.16

2.05

1.98

1.92

1.96

1.96

1.92

1.89

1.84

1.83

1.83

2.00

2.32

Oct.

2.44

2.41

3.28

4.46

4.08

3.92

3.81

4.47

4.23

3.88

3.64

3.46

3.35

3.27

3 in

3.09

Nov.

3.52

3.21

4.28

3.95

3.74

3.60

3.43

3.20

3.31

3.20

3.12

3.06

9 Oft

3.78

3.71

Dec.

4.12

4.45

4.11

3.87

3.46

3.50

1 JS

5.62

4.92

4.44

4.26

4 M

4.02

3.52

3 EC

SACANDAGA RIVER AT HADLEY, N. Y. 

CABLE STATION.

Location. About half a mile west of the railroad station at Hadley, 1 mile above the1 

confluence of Sacandaga River with the Hudson, and 4$ miles below the site of 

the proopsed storage dam at Conklingsville. No tributaries between this station 

and the mouth of the river. Location selected to avoid inaccuracies in tiie 

records caused by backwater from log jams.

Records available. September 13, 1907, to December 31, 1910, upper bridge station; September 24, 1909, to midsummer 1911, lower bridge station; January 1 

to December 31, 1911, cable station. The cable station replaces the upper and 

lower bridge stations. Data also in annual reports of the New York State Water 

Supply Commission, State Conservation Commission, and State engineer and 

surveyor.

Drainage area. 1,050 square miles.

Gage. Recording hydrograph (Barrett-Lawrence type) 30 feet downstream from 

the cable, in a concrete well 3 feet square, inside dimensions. The bottom of the 

well is about 2 feet below low water and 12 feet below ground surface. It is connected with the river by a 4-inch cast-iron water pipe 48 feet long, its intake end 

pointing downstream and protected by a fine wire screen. Inside the well and 

securely bolted to the side is a staff gage, its zero at elevation 5T&.38 and referred 

to a United States Geological Survey aluminum tablet set in the foundation wall
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 149

of the Union Bag & Paper Co.'s mill at Hadley. The top of the wall is a concrete 

shelter 6 feet high and 3 feet square, inside d imensions, for protecting the recording gage. The staff gage is used only as a inference gage.

Channel. Very rough but permanent. The channel at the cable was cleared of 

bowlders as far as feasible, so that fairly accurate dircharge measurements can be 

made at medium and high stages. Low-water measurements are made at a section about three-fourths of a mile above the cable, where the bottom is smooth 

and gnavelly. Measurements at this point arb made from a boat or by wading.

Winter flow. The water in the well and in the intake pipe never freezes over because 

its level is below the frost line. The relation^ of gage height to discharge is, however, considerably affected by ice.

Accuracy. The discharge rating curve which has been developed for this station is 

fairly well defined. ,

Cooperation. Station maintained in cooperation with the New York State Conservation Commission.

LOWER BRIDGE.

Location. On the highway bridge a few hundred feet above the mouth of Sacandaga 

River.

Records available. September 24, 1909, to midsummer, 1911, when the station 

was discontinued. Data also in' annual reports of the New York State Water 

Supply Commission and the State Conservation Commission.

Gage. Chain; read twice daily; datum unchanged.

Channel. Rough but permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Winter flow. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice.

Accuracy. Gage heights at times affected by backwater from Hudson River. Conditions fairly good for making discharge measurements. See reports for 1910 for 

further information regarding this station. Gage heights after about July 7 are 

valueless, as the relation of gage height to discharge was disturbed by construction work at the bridge.

Cooperation. Established in cooperation with) State Water Supply Commission 

of New York. Gage heights furnished through the courtesy of the Union Bag & 

Paper Co.

Discharge measurements of Sacandaga River at cable station at Hadley, JV. Y., in 1911.

Date.

3m- 18<>

Apr. 8

15

16

17

20

10

July 116

116

126

126

29

Sept. 36

28*

28o

28«

29

Oct. 10«

1112<t

Hydrographer.

W. G. Hoyt........ ...............................

C.C. Covert.. .................................... .

Callings & Clark. .................................. t

Callings. . ......................................... 4

W. G. Hoyt. ...................................... 4

C. S. DeGolyer...................................j

.....do......................l......................J

.... .do. ............................................ \

.....do.............................................

.....do.............................................

.....do.............................................

W. G. Hoyt........ ...............................

Q. H . Canfield. .....................................

W.G.Hoyt.. .....................................

.....do.............................................

F. Weber.. .........................................

«K H. rsMdWii. ...............

F.Weber...........................................

......................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6.45

5.87

7.13

7.55

7.61

6.84

3.75

4.60

2.82

2.82

2.80

2 7O

2.69

9 O7

2.94

2.94

2.94

2 OR

4.57

4.43

4.29

Discharge.

See.-ft. 

886

4,300

7,510

8,890

9,490

6,820

1,020

2,000

330

315

302

oil

256

<JfiQ

323

321

350

356

1,800

1,640

1,450

Measuremeat made at cable section; 140 feet ice cover, 92 feet open water. 

Measurements made by wa<Jiog &t gable sectionMeasurements made from boat 4 mite above cable.
150 STJEPACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Sacandaga River at cable station at Hadley, N. Y., for 1911.

Day.

1..... ........ ..

2...............

3...............

4...............

5. - ............-

6... ...... ......

7...............

9......... ......

10. ..............

11...............

12...............

13..-......-..-..

14...............

15...............

16. ..............

17...............

18...............

10

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

2B... ............

27...............

28. ..............

29. ..............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

4.9

5.0

5.4

6.6

7.3

7.2

7.2

7.0

6.5

6.4

6.1

' 5.7

5.6

5.5

5.1

5.4

6.0

6.4

6.6

5.0

5.5

5.1

5.1

4.7

4.6

4.4

4.3

. -4.6

5.2

5.6

Feb.

5.3

5.1

5.4

4.9

4.7

5.3

5.4

5.1

4.6

4.7

4.35

4.5

4.2

4.2

4.35

4.45

4.2

4.0

4.2

5.0

4.9

4.6

4.6

4.3

4.25

4.2

4.2

4.6

Mar.

4.5

4.25

4.3

4.15

4.15

4,0

4.1

4.0

3.95

3.8

3.85

3.8

3.8

3.95

4.1

4.4

4.6

4.35

4.35

4.2

4.15

4.1

4.25

4.5

4.5

4.45

5.1

6.1

6.2

6.2

5.8

Apr.

5.6

5.5

5.2

5.1

4.9

5.1

5.7

6.0

6.4

6.8

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.8

7.1

7.5

,7.6

7.4

7.0

6.8

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.5

6.4

6.5

6.7

6 a

7.1

7.2

May.

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.1

6.8

6.4

6.1

5.6

5.4

5.0

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.15

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.45

4.3

4.0

4.3

4.35

4.5

4.5

4.45

M3.95

4.15

3.95

June.

3.9

4.2

4.05

3.85

3.7

3.9

4.35

4.8

4.9

4.6

4.35

4.2

4.6

5-4

5.5

5.3

5.0

4.7

4.35

4.1

3.9

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.35

3.6

3.6

3.45

July.

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.15

3.05

3.0

2.96

2.92

2.88

2.87

2.82

2.8

2.76

2.72

2.7

2.68

2.71

2.71

2.72

2.74

2.71

2.67

2.62

2.6

2.61

2.67

2.7

2.68

2.69

2.69

2.69

Aug.

2.68

2.63

2.57

2.52

2.49

2.49

2.46

2.51

2.6

2.56

2.58

2.67

2.52

2.48

2.44

2.4

2.41

2.4

2.4

2.41

2.41

2.4

2.39

2.38

2.39

2.4

2.4

2.6

3.1

3.6

3.3

Sept.

3.1

2.94

3.0

3.1

3.1

3.05

3.75

3.9

3.95

4.35

4.45

4.15

3.95

3.8

3.55

3.45

3.45

3.4

3.25

3.15

3.05

3.05

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.97

2.95

2.98

3.15

Oct.

3.45

3.65

4.05

4.15

4.5

4.7

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.7

4.45

4.3

4.1

3.95

3.85

3.7

3.65

4.3

6.2

6.4

6.5

6.4

6.3

6.4

6.4

6.1

5.8

5.3

5.0

4.8

4.6

No».

4.7

4.8

.4.7

4.6

4.45

4.3

4.5

5.1

5.5

5.5

5.4

5.3

5.5

5.6

5.5

5.3

5.0

5.0

5.6

5.7

5.6

5.4

5.0

4.8

4.8

4.6

4.6

4.5

4.8

5.3

Dee.

5.3

5.1

4.9

4.6

4.15

4.15

4.3

4.2

4.15

4.2

4.45

5.0

5.8

6.2

6.3

6.2

6.3

6.3

6.2

5.8

5.4

5.2

5.9

6.6

6.9

6.8

6.6

6.4

5.9

5.5

5.4

NOTE. Daily gage heights for 1911 have been determined by a continuous recording automatic gage. 

The relation of gage height to discharge was probably affected by ice from Jan. 1 to about Mar. 30.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sacandaga River at cable station at Hadley, N. Y.,

for 1911.

Day.

1...................

2...................

3...................

4...................

5...................

6...................

7...................

9... ................

10. ..................

11 ...................

12. ...................

13...................

14...................

15...................

16...................

17...................

18...................

19.....:....-.-......

20...................

21...................

22

23...................

24. ..................

25...................

26...................

27...................

28...................

29. ..................

30...................

31...................

Mar.

700

650

650

650

750

800

850

850

900

1,000

930

1,000

1,080

1,080

1,360

1,650

3,310

3,830

4,210

4,130

Apr.

3 A»n

3,470

2,890

2,710

2,370

2,710 3 onn

4,600

6,690

6,690

6,400

6,120

6,690

- 7,580

8,780

9 080

8,480

7,280

6,690

6,690

6 400

6^120

5,850

5,850

6,400

6.980

7 KQA

7,880

May.

7,880

7,880

7 880

7^580

5,590

4 840

3 680

3,270

2,540

2,210

2,050

i onn

1,760

1 ^fi

1,500

1,500

1,500

1,700

1,500

1,160

I CflA

1,570

1,760

1,760

1,700

1,500

1,110

1,330

1.110

June.

1,060

1,380

1,010

Sfijl

1,060

1,570

2 91 ft

2

070

1,900

1,570

1,380

1 900

3 97ft

3,470

3,080

2 540

2,050

1,570

1,270

1 060

864

778

698

625

625

KQ1

778

778

662

July.

Vft

494

494

464

408

381

361

3J.1

322

317

OQO

284

266

9dQ

240

232.

244

249

258

244

998

208

onn

204

998

240

232

OOft

OQft

236

Aug.

232

212

189

171

161

161

151

168

200

186

193

228

171

1 <\7

144

131

134

131 '131

134

134

128

1OK

128

m

'

200

435

77S

557

Sept.

435

351

381

435

435

,408

01 n

1,060

1,110

1,570

1,700

1,330

1,110

QSfi

738

662

625

528

464

408

408

381

381

381

OO1

366

. 356

371

464

Oct.

662

821

1,220

1,330

1,760

2,050

1,900

2,050

2,210

2,050

1,700

1,500

1,270

1,110

1,010

864

821

1,500

5,080

f; ion

5,850

5,330

4 840

4^130

3,080

2

CAf\

2 91 A

1.900

NovO

2,050

2,210

2,050

1,900

1,700

1,500

1 760

2' 710

3,470

3,470

3,270

3,080

3,470

3 ASA

3,470

3,080

2,540

2 540

3,680

3,900

3,680

3,270

2,540

2 91 A

2,210

i win

1 900

l'760

O O1 A

3,080

Dec.

3,080

2,710

2,370

1,900

1,330

1,330

1,500

1,380

1,330

1,380

1,700

2,540

4,130

5,080

5,330

5,080

6

Q4M1

5,330

5,080

4 -ion

3,270

9 ftOft

4

OAA

6,120

6

QQA

A AOTI

6,120

5,590

4 360

3^470

3.270

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a fairly well-defined discharge rating L _. _ __ ___ 

Mar. 10 to 14,18, and 21 to 30 taken from the record at the lower station, where there was probably no backwater from ice. Discharge Mar. 15-17,19, and 20 estimated on account of ice.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 151

Monthly discharge of Sacandaga River at cable station at, Hadley, N. Y., for 1911. 

[Drainage area 1,050 square miles.]

Month.

April....................................

May....................................

July....................................

September. .............................

October. ................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

9,080 

8,030 

3,510 

598 

855 

1,790 

5,850 

3,970 

7,010

9,080

Minimum.

12,370 

1, 110 

591

; 200

125. 

351 

662 

1,500 

1,330

Mean.

1,030 

735 

1,250 

5,920 

2,930 

1,470 

296 

202 

659 

2,680 

2,680 

3,710

1,970

Per 

square 

mile.

0.981

.700 

1.19 

5.64 

2.79 

1.40 

.282 

.192 

.628 

2.55 

2.55 

3.54

1.88

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.13 

.73 

1.37 

6.29 

3.22 

1.56 

.33 

.22 

.70 

' 2.94 

2.84 

4.08

25.41

Accuracy.

C. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 to Mar. 9 estimated by means ot 4 discharge measurements made at the cable 

and lower bridge stations with ice present, the discharge at Corinth, and climatologic'records. Mean 

discharge Mar. 1 to 9, 733 second-feet.

Discharge measurements of Sacandaga River at iQwer bridge at Hadley, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

27 c

Mar. IS"*

1 Hydrographer.

C. S. Debolyer.. . ..............................................................

height.

Feet. 

7.82

7.48

5.96

5.93

Discharge.

See.ft. 

761

736

*77*»

878

o Ice below bridge causing backwater.

6 Ice below bridge causing back water and some slush ice for about 40 feet along left-hand abutment.

e 55 feet of ice out from left-hand abutment, rest of chanriel open; thickness of ice 1.0 feet.

d River free from ice at bridge; about 200 feet below bridge it extends nearly across the river.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Sacandaga River at lokver bridge at Hadley, N. Y., for 

[Union Bag & Paper Ci>.'s mills.]

Day.

1.... ................................

2....................................

3....................................

4....................................

5....................................

6....................................

7....................................

8....................................

9....................................

10. ...................................

11....................................

12....................................

13....................................

14....................................

15....................................

16....................................

17....................................

18....................................

19....................................

20....................................

Jan.

10.1

9.8

9.2

8.2

8.1

7.6

7.4

.4

7.3

7.9

8.6

9 A

9.7

9.5

Feb.

8.0

7 Q

8.6

8.0

8.2

8.2

8.0

V.2

7.4

6.9

6.4

6.4

6.6

6.9

6.8

6.1

6.9

M^r.

6.0

6.0

5.9

5 7

f 3

Ji.3

ii.5

....{...

Apr.

8.2

7.7

7.5

7.4

7.5

8.2

8.7

8.7

9.9

9.«

10.0

10.2

10.6

11.2

11.2

10.7

10.4

May.

10.8

11.0

11.1

10.8

10.2

9 a

8.4

8.1

7.7

7.4

7.2

7.2

6.4

6.8

6.6

6.6

6.2

6.8

June.

6.0

6.4

6.2

5.6

5.8

6.4

' 7.3

7.6

7.1

6.4

6.9

7.8

8.0

7.8

7.6

6.7

6.4

July.

5.0

- 4.95

4.75

4.7

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.5

4.5

4.5

4.45

4.4

4.4

4.35

4.4

4.5

Aug.

4.5

A dfi

4.4

4.35

4.3

4.25

4.25

4.25

4.15

4.15

4.16

4.15

4.15
152 STTKFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Sacandaga River at lower bridge at Hartley, N. Y. t /or

1911 Continued.

Day.

21....................................

22....................................

23....................................

24....................................

25....................................

26....................................

27....................................

28....................................

29....................................

30....................................

31....................................

Jan.

8.3

7.7

6.8

6.6

6.2

6.2

6.1

6.5

7.8

Feb.

7.2

6.6

6.3

6.1

5.8

5.9

6.3

Mar.

5 Q

5.8

5.9

6.0

6.0

6.6

7.8

8.1 ft Q

&5

Apr.

10.1

10.1

10.0

9.8

10.1

10.2

10.6

10.7

May.

6.1

6.6

6.65

6.9

6.9

6.6

6.0

6.0

June.

6.0

5.7

5.5

5.3

5.3

5.1

5.5

5.6

5.4

July

4.5

4.45

4.4

4.4

4.5

4.5

4.45

4.45

4.5

Aug.

4 1

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.1

4.2

4.9

5.9

5.4

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge probably aflected by backwater from ice and log jams from 

about Jan. 1 to about Mar: 9, and by backwater from the Hudson from about Apr. 11 to about May 14; 

known to be aflected July 8 to Aug. 31 by construction work on the bridge which necessitated the movement of the chain gage.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sacandaga River at lower bridge at Hadley, N. Y., 

 . for 1911.

[Union Bag & Paper Co.'s mills.]

Day.

1. ......

2.......

3.......

4.......

5.......

6....... 

7.......

8.......

9.......

10.......

11.......

12.......

13 .......

14 .......

15 .......

Mar.

........

700

650

650

650

750

780

Apr.

4,020^

3,150

2,840

2,760

2,690

2,840 

4,020

5,030

5,030

5,030

May.

........

1,440

June.

1,080

1,440

1,250

1,030

805

930 

1,440

2,540

2,990

2,260

1,850 i 44n

2,000

3,310

3,650

July.

520

510

500

464

428

410 

380

Day.

16......

17 ......

18 ......

19......

20......

21...... 

22......

23......

24......

25 ......

28......

27......

28......

29......

30 ......

31......

Mar.

810

840

880

920

960

1,000 

930

1,000

1,080

1,080

1,360

1,650

3,310

3,830

4,210

4,610

Apr.

........

May.

1,880

1,650

1,650

1,250

1,880

1,520

1,160

1,650

1,700

2,000

2,000

1,650

1,360

1,080

1,080

1,080

June.

3,310

2,990

2,380

1,760

1,440

1,080 

865

750

650

650

650

560

750

805

700

July.

........

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a discharge rating curve not very well defined. Discharge for 

days omitted from the record during periods Jan. 1 to Mar. 9, and Apr. 11 to May 14 affected by backwater 

from ice, log jams, or high stages in the Hudson. The record omitted July 8 to Aug. 31 was affected by 

change in the gage necessitated by construction work at the bridge. Mean discharge for June, when there 

was probably no backwater was 1,580 second-feet. Discharge interpolated for days on which the gage was 

notread.

WEST BRANCH OP SACANDAGA RIVER AT BLACKBRIDGE, NEAR

WELLS, N. Y.

Location. On the highway bridge known as Blackbridge, about 3 miles west of Welle

and 2 miles above the junction of the East and West branches of Sacandaga Eiver.

Replaces station formerly located at Whitehouse. 

Records available. March 14 to December 31, 1911. 

Drainage area. 211 square miles. 

Gage. Chain, attached to upstream side of the highway bridge; read twice daily;

datum unchanged.

Channel. Rocky and permanent; two channels at extreme high water. 

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge and by wading. Section beneath

the bridge was cleared of bowlders in September, 1911. 

Artificial control. Gage heights slightly affected by storage dams used for logging

in the spring.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 153

Winter flow. Probably little affected by ice. Stream open during greater part of the

winter. 

Cooperation. Established in cooperation with |;he State of New York Conservation

Commission.

Discharge measurements of West Branch of Sacanddga River at Blackbridge, near Wells,

N.

Date.

July 23

Sept. 29"

29

30

Hydrographer.

C. S. De Golyer. ...................................

.... .do. .........................................'..

.....do............................................

.....do............................................

height.

Feet. 

3.10

«3.65

o3.65

"3.80

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

75

185

176

218

a Gage heights uncertain, as gage was slightly disturbed and bad not been reset by level. 

NOTE. Measurements made by wading under upstream sifle of bridge.

Daily gage height, in feet, of^ West Branch of Sacandaga River at Blackbridge, near Wells,

N. T.,forl91l{

Day.

1........ ...........

2...................

3...................

4...................

5...................

6...................

7...................

8...................

9...................

10. ..................

11...................

12...................

13...................

14. ..................

15...................

16...................

17...................

18...................

!».... ...............

20...................

21...................

22...................

23...................

24...................

25...................

26...................

27...................

28...................

29...................

30...................

31...................

Mar.

3.84

4.92

5.30

5.40

4.67

4.58

4.46

4.14

3.97

4.24

4.13

4.08

3.96

4.76

5.74

5.42

4.90

5.04

Apr.

4.85

4.68

4.56

4.58

4.62

4.84

5.68

5.67

5.33

5.23

5.12

5.28

5.52

5.98

6.10

6.14

6.04

5.90

5.90

5.85

6.00

5.90

5.85

5.82

5.74

6.41

6.68

7.45

, 7.40

7.10

May.

6.62

7.51

6.26

6.19

6.14

5.57

5.06

5.25

4.47

1.55

4.15

4.20

4.55

4.85

4.40

4.40

5.65

4.65

4.80

5.20

4.76

4.80

5.20

5.02

5.05

5.00

4.28

4.12

4.12

4.08

4.15

June.

4.40

 4.08

4.04

3.80

4.32

4.06

4.52

4.34

4.06

3.99

3.86

4.70

5.46

4.86

4.86

4.54

4.42

4.24

4.03

3.84

3.82

3.74

3.64

3.62

3.57

3.61

3.73

3.60

3.68

July.

/ ;

3.72

3.7d

3.66

3.5$;

3.5i

3.51

3.5d

3.5]

3.4f

3.4<:

1 4ft

3.38

3.36

3.32

3.27

3.42

3.46

3 40

3

o5

3.18

3.0$

3 08

3 26

3 4u

3.d

3.14

3.08

2 96

Aug.

2.94

2.90

2.85

2.89

2.84

3.75

3.42

3.06

3.31

3.16

2.99

2.96

3.83

3.76

3.64

3.48

3.35

2.95

2.86

2.99

2.94

2.88

2.82

2.78

2.74

2.82

2.90

3.14

4.15

3.88

3.66

Sept.

3.53

3.26

3.47

3.32

3.20

3.88

3.96

4.15

4.31

4.32

4.24

4.02

3.92

3.84

3.91

3.78

3.66

3.50

«

(«)

(a)

(»)

3.14

3.08

3.10

3.10

3.10

3.10

3.58

3.80

Oct.

3.70

3.80

3.90

4.40

4.65

4.50

4.30

3.11

4.51

4.55

4.45

4.25

4.10

3.15

4.46

3.80

3.75

4.50

4.25

5.20

5.20

1.35

5.70

5.40

4.35

5.10

5.05

4.65

4.50

4.30

3.90

Nov.

4.35

4.45

4.40

4.25

4.35

4.15

4.55

5.20

5.15

5.15

5.05

5.10

5.25,

5.15

6.50

4.55

6.20

5.10

5.40

5.15

5.05

4.55

4.35

4.70

4.55

4.25

4.25

4.25

4.65

4.81

Dec.

4.76

4.66

4.45

4

QC

4.35

4.25

4.10

4.10

4.20

4.51

A rrc

5.80

6.45

5.55

5.80

5.56

5.60

5.65

5.25

5.20

A OK

4.76

6.80

5.60

5.45

5.51

5.65

4.65,

4.95

4.76

4 QA

a Record missing, gage injured by blasting in river channel; readings for remainder of year may besligbtly 

in error.

HOOSIC RIVER NEAR EAGLE BRIDGE, N. Y.

Location. 1J miles above the village of Eagle Bridge and J mile below the mouth of 

Walloomsac Kiver coming in from the right. Owlkill Creek enters from the right 

at Eagle Bridge. Replaces station formerly maintained at Buskirk. The Buskirk station was abandoned because the relation between gage height and discharge was affected by backwater caused by ilie construction of a dam at Johnsonville.
154 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 19U, PAET I.

Records available. August 13, 1910, to December 31, 1911. For the station formerly maintained at Buskirk, 4 miles below, records are available from September 

25, 1903, to December 31, 1908. Data published also in annual reports of New 

York State engineer and surveyor.

Drainage area. 512 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain, supported by cantilever arm on a tree on the left bank about 

400 feet above the residence of James Russell. Datum unchanged.

Channel. Bed of river composed of gravel; liable to shift. Control point about 400 

feet below the gage.

Discharge measurements. At low stages made by wading; at high stages made 

from the highway bridge in the village of Eagle Bridge, 1J miles below. To determine the flow of the river past the gage by measurements made at the highway 

bridge it is necessary to measure the flow of Owlkill Creek, which enters just, 

above the bridge, and subtract the amount from the measured flow at the bridge. 

A cable is to be erected ^t this station.

Artificial control. The dam of Walter A. Wood & Co. is located at Hoosic Falls, 

about 2 miles above the gage. Walloomsac River is also partly controlled, and the 

effect of the operation of the mills is observable at the gage. On this account the 

gage heights should be used with caution.

Accuracy. Discharge rating not sufficiently developed to warrant the publication of 

determinations of discharge.

Cooperation. Established and maintained by the United States Geological Survey 

in cooperation with the State engineer and surveyor of New York.

Discharge measurements of Hoosic River near Eagle Bridge, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

Jan. 30o

Mar. 15

June 16

23c

Sept. 26" 26"

Hydrographer.

F. J. Shutteworth................................ ................. ,-.....

W.G.Hoyt.. ............................................................

.....do....................................................................

G. H. Canfleld. ...........................................................

W.G.Hoyt.. ............................................................

. Gage 

height.

Feet. 

9.26

8.82

8.54

7.20

6.95

7.59

7.38

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

 bl,460

2>852

6972

197

120

348

263

o River free of ice.

b Discharge measurements made at highway bridge, 2 miles below gage; discharge corrected for flow in 

OwlkiU Creek. 

c Discharge measurements made by wading near gage.

Daily gage height, infect, of Hoosic River near Eagle Bridge, N. Y., for 1911.

Day.

1..... ..........

2.... ...........

3........ .......

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

Jan.

9.30

10.90

12.45

1J.15

9.45

9.15

9.20

8.78

9.30

8.55

8.40

Feb.

8.35

8.15

7.95

8.30

8.40

7.95

7.95

8.10

7.95

8.00

7.90

7.95

7.90

Mar.

8.15

7.75

7.80

7.75

7.70

7.75

7.70

7.65

7.70

7.65

7.70

7.60

7.70

8.00

10.40

Apr.

9.22

8.65

8.60

8.55

9.35

11.10

12.20

in fin

10.45

10.00

9.65

9.60

9.65

10.38

12.20

May.

9.30

10.55

9.65

9.15

8.85

8.70

8.40

8.40

8.30

8.15

8.05

8.00

8.10-

8.05

8.15

June.

7.60

7.55

7.55

7.20

7.55

7.65

7.85

7.80

7.60

7.40

7.25

7.72

9.70

8.80

July.

7.13

7.25

7.20

7.10

7.08

7 05

7.12

7.15

6.85

7.08

7.25

6.90

7.08

6.98

6.70

Aug.

7.18

7.10

7.02

7.05

6.77

6.80

7.15

7.18

7.15

R on

7.08

6.77

6.78

6.65

6.77

Sept.

7.35

7.35

7.13

7.20

7.10

7 40

7.87

8.08

7.53

9.78

8.57

8.28

7.90

7.78

7.67

Oct.

8.08

8.52

8.40

8.48

9.48

8.70

9.05

8.88

8.68

8.50

8.32

8.20

8.18

7.92

7.85

Nov.

8.98

8.65

8.55

8.42

8.28

8.40

8.68

8.75

8.48

8.45

8.38

8.20

9.48

8.80

8.75

Dec.

9.10

8.88

8.62

8.62

8.30

8.35

8.35

8.35

8.35

8.25

8.32

8.50

8.55

8.40

8.40
NOETH ATLANTIC! COAST. 155 

Dotty gage height, in feet, of Hoosic River near ^agle Bridge, N. Y.,for 1911 Contd.

Day.

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

99

23........*......

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30...............

31...............

Jan.

8.00

7.85

7.95

8.00

8.00

8.05

8.00

7.95

7.95

7.80

7.80

8.10

12.65

9.25 

9.22

8.05

Feb.

8.75

8.60

8.20

8.25

7.78

7.70

7.75

7.75

8.00

8.80

8.50

Mar.

8.80

8.15

8.15

8.00

8.20

8.00

8.30

9.60

8.50

8.15

8.40

11.45'

13.00

10.00

11.52

9.85

Apr.

11.05

10.15

9.65

9.60

9.45

9.30

9.40

9.25

9.05

9.30

9.60

9.65

9.80

9.65 

9.45

May.

7.95

7.85

7.80

7.90

8.55

8.05

7.90

7.80

7.65

7.70

7.75

7.55

7.52

7.50

7.25

7.40

Jun

8.5|

8.3

8,0

7.9

7.9

7.7

7.7

7.fi

7.5

7.?

7.5

7.5,

7.6

7.5

7 A.

6.

0

0

5

R

1

1)

*

j

*

?'

2

R

July.

6.72

7.15

7.12

7.03

7.08

6.95

7.00

6.80

7.08

7.58

7.20

7.12

7.00

7.30 

7.12

7.20

Aug.

6.90

7.05

7.02

7.18

6.95

7.00

6.75

6.80

6.95

6.73

6.85

7.05

7.30

8.97 

8.30

7.75

Sept.

7.97

7 Q>;

7.82

7.83

7.68

7.67

7.50

7.63

7.62

7.63

7.47

7.52

7.55

7.62 

8.10

Oct.

7.95

7 on

7.95

12.45

10.85

9.90

10.88

11.62

10.58

9.75

9.45

9.20

8.98

8.78 

8.68

8.60

Nov.

8.'75

8.52

9.48

9.92

9.32

9.22

8.98

8.72

8.92

9.10

8.60

8.75

8.72

10.18 

9.42

Dec.

8.90

9

OA

9.28

8.95

8.60

8.50

8.58

11.60

10.40

9.75

9.55

9.75

9.50

8.85 

8.70

8.55

NOTE. Information regarding ice at this station is incomplete. The observer states that the ice passed 

out of the river during the night of Jan. 2 and on Mar. 18. Relation of gage height to discharge probably 

more or less affected by backwater from ice during the greater part of January, February, and March.

SCHOHARIE CREEK AT PRATTSVILKE, N. Y.

Location. At the single-span steel highway bridge at Prattsville.

Records available. November 7, 1902, to December 31, 1911. Data also in reports 

of State engineer and surveyor, State of Nevf York.

Drainage area. 240 square miles.

Gage. Standard Board of Water Supply chain gWe attached to the floor of the bridge 

on the upstream side near the left bank; established May 7, 1907, to replace the 

old gage, which was dilapidated and unwieldy. The old datum, 1,130.03 feet 

(United States Geological Survey bench m^trk), was preserved. Gage was read 

. morning and evening by Miss Edna M. Snyder, of Prattsville, N. Y., until September 30, 1910, and by her brother, Charle^ Snyder, after that date.

Channel. All the water passes between the abutments of the bridge except at the 

very highest stages.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge at high stages; at low stages 

measurements may be made by wading at a Jxrint about 500 feet below the bridge.

Winter flow. The winter record is obtained frjjm a temporary gage established at a 

point about 500 feet below the bridge, whjere there is a sufficient velocity to 

prevent the channel from freezing over.

Artificial control. Flow probably practically! unaffected by fluctuations of stage 

from storage above Prattsville.

Cooperation. Station assumed May 7, 1907, b^y the Board of Water Supply of the 

City of New York, by which discharge tablets were furnished.
156 SUEFACE WATEK SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I. v 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Schoharie Creek at Prattsville, N. Y.,for 1911.

Day.

1........V......'.

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19... ...........

20

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

530

1.600

^ 250

1,725

990

753

713

649

551

452

551

621

537

745

721

565

530

Kftft

402

317

276

256

220

184

168

1CM

626

504

426

01 K

Feb.

231

182

158

203

170

152

142

205

170

135

114

128

128

100

114

122

100

348

520

360

278

260 '128

IV)

490

260

260

Mar.

452

476

416

452

392

325

325

275

285

285

380

368

410

410

410

825

905

tv\

705

691

R40

579

OEA

OQO

300

1,888

1,520

fifil

769

551

Apr.

512

440

416

551

3,925

2,600

2,138

2,175

2,200

1,888

1,107

801

1,197

1,125

963

963

1,400

621

593

698

635

621

Krtrt

476

492

500

579

600

565

May.

721

1, 170

621

512

488

428

368

300

285

250

217

225

235

250

250

235

193

103

193

201

185

177

165

145

125

125

118

112

106

106

June.

98

90

80

73

90

153

205

1,260

476

300

285

1,680

2,262

1,680

1,197

865

825

476

392

325

250

217

185

177

153

138

138

118

98

July.

98

98

98

85

80

80

73

57

40

25

29

25

21

21

41

30

30

25

30

29

25

21

29

30

21

21

18

21

21

29

21

Aug.

21

25

24

21

18

18

20

21

25

25

24

25

18

18

18

16

18

21

21

IS

21

21

21

20

20

30

29

35

193

138

112

Sept.

106

98

106

85

98

122

335

340

368

340

315

275

177

145

125

122

104

95

95

80

106

90

78

73

66

57

59

59

61

68

Oct.

' 59

59

57

57

73

112

205

240

217

205

201

177

185

177

165

157

138

250

2,738

2,200

1,530

1,017

2,388

1,650

1,242

990

656

586

551

392

368

Nov.

285

173

85

35

15

61

205

874

265

255

235

250

670

551

' 452

410

374

1,017

721

512

428

404

392

434

440

368

325

325

488

892

Dec.

335

325

285

300

275

275

265

235

245

235

245

245

225

250

488

500

452

428

392

368

350

368

1,053

881

392

423

452

452

2,200

2,725

3,070

NOTE. Ice conditions from Jan. 1 to Mar. 24.

Monthly discharge ofSchoharie Creek at Prattsville, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 240 square miles.]

Month.

January. ......................................

February. ....................................

March. ........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

September. ...................................

October. ............ 1 .........................

November. ...................................

December. . ...................................

The year. ...............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3,250 

520 

1,888 

3,925 

1,170 

2,262 

98 

193 

368 

2,738 

1,017 

3,070

3,925

Minimum.

168 

100 

275 

416 

106 

73 

18 

16 

57 

57 

15 

225

15

Mjean.

649 

204 

578 

1,063 

286 

481 

41 

34 

142 

614 

365 

600

422

Per

square 

mile.

2\70 

,85 

2.41 

4.43 

1.19 

2.00 

.17 

.14 

.59 

2.56 

1.52 

2.50

1.76

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

3.121

.887 

2.779 

4.938 

1.369 

2.232 

.193 

.161 

.655 

2.950 

1.694 

2.904

23.883

KINDERUOOK CREEK AT BOSSMAN, N. Y.

Location. On highway bridge at Bossman, N. Y., 3J miles above the confluence of 

the creek, through Stockport Creek, with Hudson Biver, 1 mile above the mouth 

of Claversack Creek, which it joins to form Stockport Creek, and 9 miles by road 

above the village of Hudson.

Records available. March 17,1906, to December 31, 1909. Data published also in 

annual reports of State engineer and surveyor, State of New York.

Drainage area. 331 square miles.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 157

Gage, Tape and weight type attached to highway bridge,- read twice dally; datum

unchanged since established. 

Channel. Rock with some soil on sides.

Discharge measurements. Made from sing]e-span steel highway bridge.

Artificial control. Low-water flow practically controlled Ijy several power plants 

and paper mills above the station. Sevenil small lakes also tend to affect lowwater flow for short periods.

Winter flow. Considerably affected by ice.

Accuracy. Open-channel discharge rating curye very well defined. Determinations 

of discharge during winter months and extreme low stages liable to large errors. 

Accurate computation of the diurnal fluctuation of discharge caused by the 

operation of the mills above the station ha4 been rendered impossible by insufficient funds. It is proposed to install an automatic gage to determine the relation 

between the daily gage heights heretofor^ recorded and the true mean gage 

heights, thus making possible the publication of accurate computations of daily 

discharge from the inception of the statioij to date. The gage heights for 1911 

are withheld pending this investigation, as fto gage heights recorded at this station 

are true indices of the daily discharge. No ijneasurements were made during 1911.

Cooperation. Station established by United States Geological Survey in cooperation with State engineer and surveyor of Ne^r York.

ESOPUS CREEK NEAR OLIVE BRIDGE, N. Y.

Location. About 1 mile below Olive Bridge pdfst office, at a weir constructed for the 

purpose of determining the flow of the creek.

Records available. October 17, 1906, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of the New York State engineer and surveyor.

Drainage area. 239 square miles.

Gage. Friez automatic water-stage register geated 1 to 1 and running 24 hours, in a 

well 24 inches in diameter, situated 53 feet upstream from the crest of the weir. 

Water is admitted to this well through a thrqe-fourths-inch pipe extending 16 feet 

out into the stream in which, spaced 6 incites apart, are one-eighth-inch holes 

bored vertically through the pipe. The center of this pipe is 18 inches above the 

bed of the stream. The automatic gage wafc installed December 5, 1906. From 

October 17, 1906, to December 5, 1906, head of water on the weir was read three 

twines daily and reduced in the usual mangier.

Discharge measurement. Computations of discharge over the weir are made from 

a formula deduced from the results of experiments made by the United States 

Geological Survey in the hydraulic laboratory at Cornell University in series 30, 

described in Water-Supply Papers 150 and £00. The weir is of concrete 193.90 

feet between abutments and 7.54 feet (average height for entire length) above 

the rock in which it is founded. To form a channel of approach the abutments 

have been extended upstream at right angles with the axis of the weir for a distance of 16 feet; area of channel of approach below crest of weir, 1,462 square 

feet. Abutments extend 14 feet above the Ibvel of the crest; it is estimated that 

a flow of 40,000 cubic feet per second can b0 taken care of.

Winter flow. The ice which forms between the wing walls which define the channel of approach is kept cut away during the Winter so that there may be no change 

in conditions of flow caused by ice.

Artificial control. The effect of such slight fluctuations rin daily stage as may 

result from power control above Olive Bridg|e is practically eliminated from the 

records by the use of the automatic gage.

Cooperation. Weir constructed by the Board |>f Water Supply of the city of New 

York, /by which the discharge data are fura|ished.
158 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Esopus Creek (weir station) near Olive Bridge, N. Y.,

for 1911.

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19 ..............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24. ..............

26. ..............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29. ..............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

642

1 1Q1

2,350

1,707

1,191

874

785

620

560

392

375

437

475

550

600

420

340

350

358

375

366

312

264

235

249

256

271

467

366

375

294

Feb.

*

308

3fti

286

' 525

630

358

AAQ

448

410

437

340

278

319

264

242

294

358

410

326

256

228

235

242

258

286

437

U")

308

Mar.

264

OCR

OOC

235

286

294

169

278

333

215

228

228

312

358

264

971

222

9O4

333

467

785

420

366

375

1,930

2,680

1 454

1^870

1,178

Apr.

872

705

EQC

556

862

2,082

2 797

1,923

1,564

1,255

1,118

QSQ

901

QQfl

1,471

1,250

1,020

856

748

856

792

750

690

620

563

CPL1

EQC

674

720

696

May.

683

QIC

757

662

580

527

475

443

398

375

345

322

322

304

282

271

256 9*a?

264

91 H

218

198

185

187

185

166

153

144

128

113

June.

172

128

113

108

127

228

<MU

646

387

292

292

974

2,482

1,906

1,449

1,052

736

566

472

412

345

313

292

252

222

202

188

175

t<;n

139

July.

152

130

128

119

208

256

14ft

130

, 144

119

105

100

100

110

122

122

127

106

105

105

110

102

187

160

122

113

105.

105

105

102

Aug.

92

7Q

78

78

75

72

81

80

70

62

64

67

67

60

60

53

64

62

66

66

53

53

53

53

53

72

78

97

351

272

202

Sept.

150

86

58

44

38

194

228

201

297

306

294

267

216

173

162

173

158

150

155

137

108

136

143

134

124

133

124

124

124

127

Oct.

139

3QQ

277

256

277

235

475

437

375

326

301

271

255

228

217

206

200

2,150

3,810

2,570

2,005

2,134

2,593

1,930

1,427

1,141

967

798

658

580

532

Nov.

512

437

392

375

336

346

708

512

448

446

502

636

666

590

630

590

542

1,054

1,030

868

776

694

610

600

585

491

448

410

566

525

Dec.

493

475

456

428

358

354

326

345

366

366

350

340

333

312

340

483

658

550

502

452

437

525

1,191

967

850

785

840

743

600

512

600

Monthly discharge of Esopus Creek (weir station) near Olive Bridge, N. Yi,for 1811. 

[Drainage area, 239 square miles.]

Month.

February. .....................................

March.........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,350 

630 

2,680 

2,727 

818 

2,482 

256 

351 

306 

3,810 

1,054 

1,191

3,810

Mininitnn,.

235 

228 

144 

554 

113 

108 

100 

53 

38 

139 

336 

312

38

Mean.

579 

349 

548 

1,000 

336 

504 

130 

88 

159 

909 

578 

527

476

Per 

square 

mile

2.42 

1.46 

2.29 

4.18 

1.41 

2.11 

.54 

.37 

.67 

3.80 

2.42 

2.21

1.99

Run-off 

(depth in 

niches on 

drainage 

area).

2.802 

1.527 

2.655 

4.671 

1.616 

2.355 

.629 

.421 

.740 

4.392 

2.701 

2.552

27.061

ESOPUS CREEK AT MOUNT MARION, N. Y. 

Location. At the single-span Bteel highway bridge at Pleasant Valley, on the 

Saugerties road, 1 mile east of Mount Marion station on the West Shore Railroad.

Records available. April 4, 1907, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of State engineer and surveyor, State 9f New York.

Drainage area. 378 square miles.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 159

Gage. Standard Board of Water Supply chain gbge fastened to the downstream side 

of the bridge, read twice daily. In May, 1908, the floor of the bridge was renewed, 

but provision was made for accurate gage readings during that period.

Channel. Straight for about 1,000 feet above the station and 600 feet below, one at 

all stages. Bed, ledge rock with strata steeply inclined, giving jagged corners 

and irregular but permanent cross section. Banks rocky and steep; right bank 

about 40 feet above water level; left bank at least 100 feet high.

Discharge measurements. At high stages made from the bridge; at low stages at 

a wading section three-fourths of a mile above the bridge and about three-fourths 

of a mile below Glenerie Falls; 200 feet from the Kingeton-Saugerties road which 

parallels the creek on the right bank. At the wading section, which is used only 

when the water is less than 3 feet deep, the^ bed is gravelly and liable to some 

change, but the current is swift and good measurements are obtained. The banks 

at the wading section are of the same character as those at the bridge.

Winter flow. Affected by ice. Measurements tfhrough the ice; gage readings to ice 

and water.

Accuracy. Such slight fluctuation in daily stagje as may result from the operation 

of the power plants above Mount Marion probjably causes no material error in the 

estimates of daily discharge.

Cooperation. Station established and records furnished by Board of Water Supply, 

city of New York. Gage read morning and afternoon by John Sauer, of Saugerties.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Esopus Creek at Mount Marion, N. Y.,for 1911.

Date:

1... ............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9..... ..........

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

575

1,390

2,500

2,676

1,550

1,231

1,000

810

965

725

600

525

615

900

979

750

585

475

409

391

39l"

* 373

338

301

273

259

259

665

550

475

375

Feb.

480

469

446

818

980

559

700

700

639

680

530

433

496

412

376

458

558

639

508

399

356

366

378

402

445

680

843

480

Mar.

575

475

335

247

234

210

200

182

173

191

260

355

355

403

700

1,070

870 585

475

443

725

888

840

768

725

685

2,844

5,220

2,724

3,660

2,085

Apr.

1,590

1,259

1,070

930

1,000

2,480

3,660

2,580

2,280

2,200

1,950

1,707

1,406

1,566

1,833

1,797

1,510

1,301

1,105

1,390

1,315

1,245

1,119

1,021

912

Ofi1

1,021

1,000

9Q6

951

May.

900

1,021

951

810

715

635

565

515

455

435

415

395

375

347

318

303

303

288

288

273

260

247

234

234

222

206

200

182

17?

164

164

June.

182

169

164

155

169

200

312

1 ftvt

810

675

575

585

4,225

3,618

2,700

2,013

1,454

1,105

792

600

515

443 '387

318

282

255

234

215

OAft

187

July.

173

164 in<\

146

234

222

210

200

200

200

237

222

206

200

191

187

173

191

182

173

173

164

164

260

O5Q

91 ^

177

164

164

164

Aug.

155

146

138

130

130

, 130

151

lAfi

I^S

130

122

115

108

O7

Q/i

94

101

101

101

Q4

Q4

94

101

105

111

111

155

3,17

525

wn

Sept.

550

335

178

135

120

288

355

335

455

550

550

550

447

387

355

229

210

196

182

173

164

164

155

146

138

135

130

127

135

155

Oct.

151

443

565

427

387

355

325

828

650

550

485

265

387

335

312

288

288

1,091

7,500

4,932

3,346

4

Q7K

4,932

3,562

2,430

1,887

1,510

1,280

1,105

930

780

Nov.

810

700

615

565

525

475

1,231

oan

780

725

685

665

1 (MO

912

930

930

852

1,430

1,995

1,617

1,350

1,189

965

965

1,035

840

768

715

O7Q

852

Dec.

810

780

73 1?

71 R

575

575

585

515

500

475

475

MR

455

415

443

700

1,231

1,000

870

750

685

7nn

1,815

1,743

1,430

1,259

1,350

1,210

780

768

750

Norg. Ice conditions from Jan, 19 to Jan. 26 and from Feb. |7 to Mar. 11.
160 STTBFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Monthly discharge of Esopus Creek at Mount Marion, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 378 square miles.]

Month.

April. .........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,676 

980 

5,220 

3,660 

-1,021 

4,225 

260 

550 

550 

7,500 

1,995 

1,815

7,500

Minimum.

259 

356 

' 173 912> 

164 

155 

146 

94 

120 

151 

475 

415

- 94

Mean.

784 

544 

952 

1,504 

406 

818 

192 

152 

268 

1,506 

936 

824

739

Per

square 

mile.

2.07 

1.44 

2.52 

3.98 

1.07 

2.17 

\ .61 

.40 

.71 

3.99 

2.48 

2.18

1.97

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.356 

L501

2.906 

4438 

1.240 

2.417 

.586 

.464 

.790 

4595 

2.762 

2.518

26.573

RONDOTTT CHEEK AT ROSENDALE, N. Y.

Location. At single-span steel highway bridge at Rosendale.

Records available. July 6, 1901, to December 31, 1911, except from November 7, 

1903, to December, 1905. Data also in annual reports of the State engineer and 

surveyor, State of New Y.ork.

Drainage area. 380 square miles.

Gage. Standard Board of Water Supply chain gage fastened to the middle panel on 

the downstream side of the bridge. This gage was established June 1, 1907, to 

replace the original gage.

Channel. One at all stages.

Discharge measurements. At high and medium stages made from the bridge; 

at low stages by wading at a point about 1,000 feet below the bridge.

Winter flow. The winter flow is obtained by actual measurements at selected 

stations on the creek through the ice and by wading, and by comparison with 

gage readings to water and ice at the bridge.

Diversions. A portion of the water of the creek is diverted by a dam below High 

Falls and sent through the Delaware & Hudson Canal, and is returned to the 

creek below the gaging station. At Rock Locks, about 1£ miles below Rosendale, 

there is an overflow weir from which the discharge of the- canal may be approximately determined. The weir, the crest of which is 3.8 feet in length, is at the 

left end of the lock and is equipped with a standard Board of Water Supply staff

Artificial control. Slight daily fluctuations in stage are caused % by storage at 

Honk Falls, Napanoch, and to some extent at High Falls. Proper allowance is 

made in the daily discharge records for the water diverted to the Delaware & 

Hudson Canal.

Cooperation. Tables of discharge furnished by the Board of Water Supply of the 

City of New York, by which the station was assumed on June 1, 1907.
NOKTH ATLANTIC COAST.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Rondout Creek at Rosendale, N. Y.,for 1911.

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

4. ..............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16. ..............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25. ..............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

1,056

2,755

3,882

2,234

1,403

840

823

674

625

570

524

598

668

1,208

1,102

K?7

573

688

715

584

493

444

427

382

372

351

444

1,098

570

497

396

Feb.

391

364

358

340

316

391

364

377

364

352

316

304

304

322

279

268

268

398

525

469

364

322

252

310

370

469

565

533

Mar.

501

421

370

352

328

316

340

358

421

377

358

391

429

437

405

413

1,127

1,091

693

661

853

1,181

1,710

1,320

1,163

1,127

4,050

4,900

5,200

4,400

3,064

Apr.

2,072

1,310

1,073

1,136

1,765

3,022

2,840

2,840

2,448

2,060

1,699

1,424

1,271

1,320

2,714

2,192

1,523

1,330

1,310

2,168

2,024

1,699

1,523

1,340

1,271

1,235

1,163

1,091

917

821

May.

773

741

685

629

581

533

509

469

533

501

473

457

457

456

441

408

401

498

770

426

357

296

271

246

236

212

200

199

210

210

234

June.

213

9J&'

260

236

181

228

,371

934

662

510

935

2,269

3,749

3,403

2,025

1,236

917 i

805

709!

669

581

469

437

391

352

316

316

304

377

429

July.

370

208

208

232

208

256

268

196

178

170

147

129

108

88

82

66

70

138

135

170

147

116

79

129

274

186

170

147

135

123

150

Aug.

100

147

94

82

97

100

104

94

82

116

88

97

66

68

73

u

39

25

36

46

36

39

39

45

58

98

136

133

327

356

369

Sept

559

486

335

184

275

393

359

305

398

550

790

527

335

305

341

347

293

215

179

158

146

182

178

154

141

162

114.

170

268

422

Oct.

454

1.118

877

717

645

477

1,734

1,218

805

669

597

565

533

501

101

316

298

4,051

7,702

4,102

3,476

5,700

5,800

3,260

2,060

1,567

1,300

1,136

957

837

805

Nov.

821

757

709

629

581

669

765

741

725

725

725

853

1,019

917

837

853

853

2,240

2,370

1,809

1,413

1,217

1,100

1,091

1,340

1,199

1,091

1,019

1,037

1,001

Dec.

220

232

304

405

733

741

701

725

693

677

661

629

605

645

965

1,787

1,820

1,391

1,091

861

983

1,928

2,120

1,699

1,369

1,163

1,350

1,310

1,190

1,073

965

NOTE. These discharges include the flow of the Delaware & Hudson Canal, which was open from Apr. 

17 to Nov. 2. Discharge affected by ice Jan. 1 to Feb. 25.

Monthly discharge of Rondout Creek at Rosendale, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 380 square miles.]

Month,

April ..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

The year . . ..............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3,882 

565 

5,200 

3,022 

773 

3,749 

370 

369 

790 

7,702 

2,370 

2,120

7,702

Minimum.

351 

252 

316 

821 

199 

181 

66 

25 

141 

298 

581 

220

25

Mean.

870 

366 

1,250 

1,687 

433 

818 

164 

105 

310 

1,763 

1,037 

1,001

819

Per 

square 

mile.

2.29 

.96 

3.29 4.44' 

1.14 

2.16 

.43 

.27 

.83 

4.65 

2.73 

2.64

2.16

Runoff 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.639 

1.004 

3.792 

4.951 

1.316 

2.399 

.496 

.315 

.912 

5.351 

3.040 

3.039

29.254

48521° WSP 301 12 11
162 STJEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

PASSAIC BIVEB BASIN.

PASSAIC BIVEB NEAB CHATHAM, N. J.

Location. At the second bridge, about 1£ miles upstream from Chatham and about 

3 miles above the mouth of Canoe Brook, which enters from the east. There are 

no important tributaries in the immediate vicinity of the station.

Becords available. February 10,1903, to December 31,1911.

Drainage area. 101 square miles.

Gage. Chain attached to bridge. Datum unchanged.

Channel. Rocky and fairly permanent; poor distribution of velocity at low stages.

Discharge measurements. Made from bridge or by wading. No measurements 

have been made since 1909.

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Accuracy. Good. (See also Water-Supply Paper 281.)

Cooperation. Station established and maintained by the United States Weather 

Bureau.

Daily gage height, in feet, ofPassaic River near Chatham, N. J.,for 1911. 

[M. A. Butler, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16............... 

17............... 

18............... 

19............... 

20...............

n.. ............. 

22.. .............

23...............

24............... 

25...............

26............... 

27...............

28...............

29...............

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

2.3

2.8

3.5

5.5

3.5

3.3 

3.2 

3.2 

3.1 

3.0

3.0 

2.9

9 O

2.7 

2.6

2.5 

2.5

2.7

2.6

2.5 

2.5

Feb.

2.5

2.4

2.4

3.4

3.2

3.0

3.0

3.5

3.5

3.3

3.2

3.0

9 Q

-------

3

*K*

3.3

Mar.

3.1

2.8

2.5

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.8

3.0 

2.8 

2.7 

2.6 

2.6

2.5 

2.4

9 d.

2.3 

2.3

2.2

2.8

3.3

3.2

3.7 

3.5

Apr.

3.4

3.2

3.0

2.8

3.5

3

D

3.6

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.0

2.8

2.6

9 d.

2.7

2.5 

2.4 

2.3 

2.3 

3.0

3.0

2

0

2

0

2.6 

2.5

2.4

9 A.

9 ^

2.3

2.2

May.

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2

0

2

0

2

1

2.1

2 1

2 1

9 1

2.1

9 1

9 1

2.1

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

2.1

2.1

2.1 

2.1

9 ft.

2.0 

2.0

2.0

2

n

9 n

2.0

2.0 

2.0

June.

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.3

9 A.

2.5

2.5

2 A

2.4

2.6

2.9

3.0

3.3

3.3

3.2 

3.1 

2.9

2.7 

2.6

2.5 

2.4

9 A.

2.4 

2.3

2.5

9 A

2.5

2.4

2.4

July.

2.3

9 3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2

0

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.1

9 1

2.1

2.1 

2.1 

2.2 

2.2

2.1

2.2 

2.4

9 3

2.3 

2.3

2.3 

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2 

2.2

Aug.

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2 1

2 1

2.1

9 1

9 n

2 A

2.0

2.0

2 A

2.0

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

2.1

2.0 

2.0

2 A

2.0 

2.1

2.2

9 3

2.4

2.4

2.6

2.8

Sept.

3.6

3.4

3.2

3.0

2.8

2 A.

9 9

2.1

2.0

2.1

2

0

2.1

2.0

2 A

2.0

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

2.0 

2.0

2.0 

2.0

2

n

2.0 

2.0

2.0 

9 n

2.0

2.0

2.1

Oct.

2.1

2.8

2.8

2.6

2.5

2 A

2.7

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2 

2.2 

2.6 

3.0 

3.3

3.3 

3.5

3.8

3.6 

3.4

3.1

9 Q

2.7

2.5

2.4 

2.3

Nov.

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.8

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.6

2.6 

2.4 

3.0 

3.4 

3.2

3.0

2.8

2.6

2.8 

3.0

2.8 

2.7

2.6

2.8

2.6

Dec.

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.7

3.3 

3.5 

3.3 

3.0 

2.8

2.6 

2.4

3.0

2.8 

2.6

2.5 

2.6

2.4

2.4

2.3 

2.3

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge was affected by ice from about Jan. 1 to 27, Jan. 30 to Feb. 3, 

and Feb. 7 to 28. Gage readings were probably to water surface.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 163 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofPassaic River near Chatham, N. J.,for 1911.

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...........

12............ ..

13...............

14...........

15...............

16...............

17........... ...

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

50

77

Feb.

310

235

179

Mar.

202

119

60

31

20

20

20

20

12

31

31

20

20

20

119

172

119

97

77

77

60

45

45

31

31

20

271

235

435

350

Apr.

310

235

172

119

350

480

390

310

271

235

179

119

77

45

97

60

45

31

31

179

172

119

119

77

60

45

45

31

31

20

May.

20

20

20

20

20

20

12

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

12

19

19

12

19

8

8

8

8

8

June.

60

77

60

45

31

45

60

60

45

45

77

144

271

271

915

202

144

Q7

77

60

45

45

45

31

60

77

60

45

45

July.

31

31

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

20

20

19

20

45

31

31

31

31

20

20

20

20

20

Aug.

12

19

19

19

12

19

12

19

19

8

8

8

8

19

12

12

12

19

8

8

8

8

19

20

31

45

45

77

119

Sept.

390

310

235

172

119

4520^

19

8

12

20

19

8

8

12

19

12

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

19

Oct.

12

119

119

77

60

45

97

60

45

31

31

31

20

20

20

20

20

77

172

271

271

350

480

390

310

202

144

97

60

45

31

Nov.

31

20

20

20

20

20

119

77

60

45

45

31

31

20

77

77

45

172

310

235

172

119

77

119

172

119

97

77

119

77

Dec.

45

31

31

31

31

20

20

20

20

31

60

60

45

31

97

271

350

271

119

77

45

172

119

77

60

77

45

45

31

31

NOTE. Daily discharge detennined from a discharge rating curve which is well defined below 600 

second-feet.

Monthly discharge ofPassaic River near Chatham, N. J.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 101 square miles.]

Month.

March. ...

May....................................

July....................................

The year. .........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

*

1,000 

310 

435 

480 

20 

271 

45 

119 

390 

480 

310 

350

1,000

Minimum.

20 

20 

12 

20 

8 

31 

12 

8 

8 

12 

20 

20

8

Mean.

153 

96.7 

94.5 

148 

12.4 

91.0 

20.9 

19.3 

50.5 

120 

87.4 

81.8

81.0

Per 

square 

mile.

1.51 

.957 

.936 

1.47 

.123 

.901 

.207 

.191 

.500 

1.19 

.865 

.810

.802

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.74 

1.00 

1.08 

1.64 

.14 

1.01 

.24 

.22 

.56 

1.37 

.97 

.93

10.90

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge during periods when ice existed estimated on the basis of observer's notes regarding 

ice and climatologic records.

Mean discharge (estimated), Jan. 1-27,165 second-feet; Jan. 30-31, 55 second-feet; Feb. 1-3, 35 secondfeet; Feb. 7-28,85 second-feet.
164 STTKFACE WATEK SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

DELAWARE RIVER BASIN.

EAST BRANCH OF DELAWARE RIVER AT HANCOCK, N. Y.

Location. At the highway bridge half a mile southeast of the Erie Railroad station 

at Hancock, N. Y., about 1 mile above the junction of East and West branches 

of Delaware River and 10 miles below the mouth of Beaver Kill, the nearest 

tributary, which enters from the left.

Records available. October 14, 1902, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of New York State engineer and surveyor.

Drainage area. 920 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain, fastened to upstream left-hand end of bridge; read once 

daily; datum unchanged.

Channel. Both banks of medium height, not liable to overflow. Bed composed 

of rocks and gravel.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or by wading.

Winter flow. Affected by needle and cake ice which forms on the control point and 

produces backwater at the gage.

Accuracy. Conditions fairly good for accurate determinations of discharge. Highwater stage probably affected at times by backwater caused by gorging at junction 

with the West Branch. Low-water discharge controlled by riffles just below Erie 

Railroad bridge which sometimes shift and require many measurements and possibly a new discharge rating curve each year. Conditions, however, have been 

quite permanent during the last two or three years.

Cooperation. Established and maintained in cooperation with the State engineer 

and surveyor and, since January 1,1908, with the United States Weather Bureau. 

The following measurement was made by C. S. De Golyer: 

July 19, 1911: Gage height, 425 feet; discharge, 2,130 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of East Branch of Delaware River at Hancock, N. Y.,for 1911,

[D. B. Van Etten, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2..............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30............... 11

Jan.

41

4.5

7.5

7.1

5.6

4.9

47

4.5

4.3

4.0

4.2

4.0

4.2

4.4

5.0

4.6

3.9

4.4

4.6

4.6

4.4

4 5

43

4.2

4.1

42

A. 3

6.0

5.4 

46

A. A.

Feb.

4.1

4.0

3.7

5.1

5.3

5.2

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.1

5.0

4.8

4.9

5.2

5.3

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.4

5.3

5 9

5.1

4.9

4.9

A. 7

A. Q

5.0

Mar.

A. Q

4.8

4.9

5.0

5.1

5.2

5.0

4.8

A. 7

4.8

4.6

4.7

4 6

4

O

5.1

4

O

41

42

4 1

4.1

A. 3

A. 1

5.2

5

0

5.2

5.2

5 0

9 9

6.3 

6.2

5 A

Apr.

A. Q

4.5

4.3

4.2

4.2

6 4

8.0

7.3

6.5

5.7

5.5

5 3

5.2

5 3

7.2

6.4

5.7

5.2

4 Q

5.1

5.2

5.1

5.0

A Q

4.6

4 5

4 4

A O

4.3

42

.......

May.

41

43

43

A. 1

40

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.6

3.5

3

K

3.5

3.5

3 A

3 3

3.3

3 q

3 A

3

0

3 9

3 9

3 9

3 9

3.3

3.2

0 "I

3

n

3.0 

2.9

9 Q

June.

3.0

3.1

3.0

2.9

2.9

3.1

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.0

3.2

6.7

7.8

5.6

5.1

5.0

A C

4.3

4.0

3.9

3 7

3 7

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.4 

3.3

July.

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.0

9 Q

9 Q

3.2

3.1

3.0

2.9

9 Q

9 S

2 7

2.7

2.7

2 7

2 7

9 Q

2 7

2.3

2.7

2 7

2

fZ

9 7

2.6

2.7

9 tz

2.6

2.6 

2.6

9 iz

Aug.

2.6

2.6

2.6

2 a

2.5

2.5

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2

C

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.6

2,7

2.7

3.1 

3.9

3

4

Sept.

3.1

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.7

3.0

40

3.5

3.5

4.1

3.8

3.7

3.5

3 A

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.9 

3.2

Oct.

3.2

3 0

4.1

3 Q

3.9

3.8

40

44

4.3

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

5.4

49

45

48

5.3

5.5

5.0

46

43

4.2

41 

40

1 Q

Nov.

4.3

41

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.8

41

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.7

4.6

4.3

42

4.2

41

41

5.3

4.7

4.6

44

4.2

42

43

41

40

3.9

4.4 

45

Dec.

43

A. 9

A -I

A. n

1 Q

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.8

3.7

3.8

3.8

3.8

4.0

4.5

43

42

4.0

40A. n

4.6

5.6

49

4.6

46

4.7

4.2 

4.1

4.2

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice Jan. 7 to 13,18 to 27, and Feb. 4 to Mar. 26. 

The observer stated that the river was frozen Mar. 25. It is probable that gage heights were slightly affected 

by backwater from ice during other periods in January.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 165

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Delaware River at Hancock, N. Y.,for

1911.

Day.

1......... ......

2...............

3...............

4...............

5... ............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16............... 

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

1,930

2,690

11,300

9,950

5,310

3,570

2,400

1,800

1,400

1,000

900

1,200

1,200

2,490

3,800

2,900 

1,570

1,200

1,000

900

900

800

800

700

600

600

600

6,430

4 790

2,900

2,490

Feb.

1,930

1,750

1,240

.......

Mar.

600 fiftn

600

500

400

350

350

300

300 4fin

600

1,000

1,200

1,500

1,400 

1,200

1,100

900

900

900

1,600 3 fmn

3,000

2 000

2,000

6,140

17,300 7 3fift

7,040

4,790

Apr.

3,570

2,690

2,300

2,110

2,110

7,680

13,000

10,600

8,000

5,580

5,050

4,540

4,290

4,540

10,300

7,680 

5,580

4,290

3,570

4,290

4,040

S Qflfl

2,900

9 fion

2,490

2,300

2,300

2,110

May.

1,930

2,300

2,300

1,930

1,750

1,400

1,400

1,240

1,100

1,100

QfiK

965

965

965

840

725 

725

725

840

725

620

620

620

620

725

620

525

440 djin

367

367

June.

440

525

440

367

367

525

725

620

525

440

620

8,640

12,300

9,290

5,310

4,040 

3,800

2,690

2,300

1,750

1,570

1,240

1 O4A

965

840

725

725

725

84f)

725

July.

525

440

440

440

367

367

620

525

440

367

367

304

248

248

248

248 

248

304

248

80

248

248

198

248

198

248

198

198

198

198

Aug.

198

198

198

198

153

153

248

248

198

198

153

153

153

153

153

153 

153

113

153

153

153

153

1 W

113

105!

248

248

KOK

1,570

840

Sept.

525

440

367

304

248

440

1,750

965

965

1,930

1,400

1,240

965

840

725

620 

620

525

525

440

440

440

440

440

367

367

367

367

620

Oct.

620

1,570

1,930

1,570

1,570

1,400

1,750

2,490

2,300

1,750

1,570

1,400

1,240

1,100

965

965 

840

840

4,790

3,570

2,690

3,340

4,540

5,050

3,800

2,900

2,300

2,110

1,930

1,750

1,570

Nov.

2,300

1,930

1,570

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,930

1,750

1,570

1,400

1,400

1,240

2,900

2,300

2,110

2,110 

1,930

1,930

4,540

3,120

2,900

2,490

2,110

2,110

2,300

1,930

1,750

1,570

2,490

2,690

Dec.

2,300

2,110

1,930

1,750

1,570

1,570

1,400

1,400

1,240

1,240

1,400

1,240

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,750 

2,690

2,300

2,110

1,750

1,750

1,750

2,900

5,310

3,570

2,900

2,900

3,120

2,110

1,930

2,110

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve. Discharge Jan. 7 to 13, 

18 to 27, and Mar. 1 to 26 estimated from climatologic records and the discharge at Port Jervis.

Monthly discharge of East Branch of Delaware River at Hancock, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 920 square miles.]

Month.

January. ...............................

February. ..............................

April. . .................................

May....................................

July....................................

September. .............................

November. .............................

December. ..............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

11,300

17,300

13,000 

2,300 

12,300 

620 

1,570 

1,930 

5,050 

4,540 

5,310

17,300

Minimum.

2,ii6 

367 

367 

80 

113 

248 

620 

1,240 

1,240

80

Mean.

2,580 

650 

2,270 

4,730 

995 

2,180 

305 

251 

671 

2,140 

2,090 

2,070

1,750

Per 

square 

mile.

2.81 

.707 

2.47 

5.14 

1.08 

2.37 

.332 

.273 

.729 

2.33 

2.27 

2.25

1.90

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

3.24

.74 

2.85 

5.74 

1.24 

2.64 

.38 

.31 

.81 

2.69 

2.53 

2.59

25.76

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

C.

A. 

A. 

A.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge for February estimated from climatologic records and the discharge at Port Jervis.

DELAWARE RIVER AT PORT JERVIS, N. Y.

Location. At the toll bridge at Port Jervis, 6 miles below the mouth of Mongaup 

River and 1 mile above the mouth of Neversink River, both entering from the north.

Records available. October 12, 1904, to December 31, 1911. Data published also 

in the annual reports of the New York State engineer and surveyor.

Drainage area. 3,250 square miles.
166 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Gage. Standard chain, fastened to downstream eide of bridge; read once daily. 

Considerable difficulty has been experienced in maintaining the datum of the 

gage constant. On September 4, 1908, in order to avoid negative readings, a 

change of about 2 feet was made in the original datum, as nearly as could be 

determined. The elevation of the datum of the gage is 414.89 feet above mean 

sea level. A correction varying from +1.7 to +2.0 has been applied to gage 

heights previous to September 4, 1908, so that all gage heights published by the 

Survey are referred to the same datum.

Channel. Bed composed of gravel. Banks high; seldom overflowed.

Discharge measurements. Made from the highway bridge, except at low stages, 

when the left channel is sometimes measured by wading.

Winter flow. Relation of gage height to discharge is usually not greatly affected by 

ice, except during severe winters. Ice jams sometimes occur at this station and 

the left channel is particularly subject to effect from ice.

Accuracy. Conditions of flow at this point are constant and a good discharge rating 

curve has been developed for all stages. Careful comparison of records at this 

station with those obtained at Riegelsville and the two Hancock stations indicate 

that all the discharge data are reliable.

Cooperation. Station established for the United States Weather Bureau by Irving 

Righter, city engineer of Port Jervis. Gage heights supplied to the Geological 

Survey by the Weather Bureau.

The following discharge measurement was made by C. S. De Golyer: 

June 21, 1911: Gage height, 3.74 feet; discharge, 4,910 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Delaware River at Port Jervis, N". Y.,for 1911. 

[Jacob Miller, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

10...............

11...............

12.. ......t......

13...............

14...............

15................

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28. ..............

29................

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

4.0

3.5

5.7

8.0

6.0

5.4

4.8

4.4

4.1

3.8

3.4

3.3

3.7

3.7

5.4

5.4

5.2

3.8

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.2

3.0

2.6

2.9

3.0

6.5

5.2 

4.9

Feb.

3.7

2.7

2.5

2.4

3.1

3.5

3.0

2.8

2.8

3.0

3.0

2.8

2.6

2.5

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.8

2.8

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.5

2.5

Mar.

3.2

3.2

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.5

2 2

2.2

2.0

2.2

2.7

2.7

3.2

3.7

4.3

4.3

4.2

3.9

3.7

3.7

3.5

3

n

4.4

4.2

4.2

4.2

5.0

10.7

8 1

6.9 

6.8

Apr.

6.6

5.0

4.6

4.4

4.5

5.5

8.2

8.5

7.2

6.5

6.2

5

n

5.5

5.3

6.8

6 0

6.3

5.6

5.4

5.3

6.5

5.8

6.2

5.7

5.2

4.5

4.5

4.3

4.2

4.0

May.

4.2

4.2

4.1

3.9

3.8

3.6

3.4

3.1

3.0

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.8

2.8

2.6

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.7

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.2

2.0 

2.0

June.

2.2

2.2

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.4

2.8

3.0

3.0

2.8

2.9

4.4

8.1

8.4

7.1

5.9

5.5

5.2

4.6

4.1

3.7

3.4

3.4

3.2

3.1

3.4

2.8

2.6

3

1

2.9

July.

2.6

2.4

2.3

2.1

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.2

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.6

X 15

1.5

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.7

1.9

1.9

2.0

1.9

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.5 

1.5

Aug.

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.7

1.6

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.08

1.2

1.5

1.7

1.7

2.2

3.3 

3.5

Sept.

3.4

3.2

2.3

2.4

2.2

2.1

2.2

3.2

3.0

2.9

3.7

3.4

3.0

3.0

2.8

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.1

2.2

2.1

1.9

2.0

2.0

1.87

1.87

1.87

1.87

2.0

2.3

Oct.

2.6

3.1

4.2

3.8

3.4

3.2

3.4

4.2

3.9

3.8

3.5

3.3

3.4

3.2

3.0

2.9

3.1

3.1

6.0

5.8

5.0

5.6

5.6

6.4

5.8

5.2

4.8

4.5

4.2

4.0 

3.6

Nov.

4.1

3.8

3.5

3.5

3.3

3.8

3.7

3.5

3.4

3.2

3.2

4.2

3.9

3.7

3.7

3.7

5.2

5.2

4.7

4.5

4.2

4.0

4.2

4.1

3.8

3.7

q *7

4.3

Dec.

45

3.8

3.7

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.8

4.8

48

4.4

4.1

3.9

3.8

43

6.3

5.9

5.0

4 Q

5.2

46

41 

40

NOTE. No direct information regarding the effect of ice at this station, but comparison with climatologic records and the records at Riegelsville indicates that the relation of gage height to discharge was probably affected by ice Jan. 1, Jan. 16, and 17, and Mar. 1 to 2; and doubtless also for short intervals at other 

times during January, February, and March.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. « 167 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Delaware River at Port Jervis, N. T.,for 1911.

Day.

1... ............

2...............

3...............

4. ..............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16. ..............

17. ..............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

3,800

4.380

13,000

27,500

14,600

11,600

8,930

7,350

6,270

5,280

4,100

3,830

4,970

4,970

11,600

9,000

7,000

5,280

4,380

4,380

4,380

4,100

4,100

3,570

3 080

2,260

2,860

3,080

17,400

10,700

9,350

Feb.

4,970

2,450

2,080

1,900

3,320

4,380

3,080

2,650

2,650

3,080

3,080

2,650

2,260

2,080

1,730

1,730

1,730

2,450

2,450

2,260

2,650

2,650

2,260

2,080

2,080

1,900

2,080

2,080

Mar.

2,200

2,300

2,450

2,450

2,260

2,080

1,570

1,570

1,280

1,570

2,450

2,450

3,570

4,970

6,980

6,980

6,620

5,600

4,970

4,970

4,380

5,600

7,350

6,620

6,620,

6,620

9,780

48,400

28,200

19,800

19,200

Apr.

18,000

9,780

8,120

7,350

7,730

12,100

29,000

31,200

21,800

17,400

15,700

14,100

12,100

11,100

19,200

19,800

16,200

12,500

11,600

11,100

17,400

13,500

15,700

13,000

10,700

7,730

7,730

6,980

6,620

5,930

May.

6,620

6,620

6,270

5,600

5,280

4,670

4,100

3,320

3,080

2,650

2,450

2,260

2,260

2,080

1,900

2,650

2,650

2,260

2,860

2,860

2,650

2,450

2 450

2! 260

2,450

2,080

2,080

1,900

1,570

1,280

1,280

June.

1,570

1,570

i arm

1,730

1,570

1,900

2,650

3,080

3,080

2,650

2,860

7 3**rt

28,200

30,500

21,200

14,100

12,100

10,700

8,120

6,270

4,970

4,100

4,100

3,570

3,320

4,100

2,650

2,260

3,320

2,860

July.

2,260

1,900

1,730

1,420

1,420

1,280

1,280

1,280

1,570

1,280

1,150

1,030

1,030

920

825

740

740

825

825

825

920

1 1 V>

1,150

1,280

1 1 W»

920

920

825

825

740

740

A.ug.

665

665

fifin

665

590

665

740

740

740

920

825

665

590

520

520

520

520

590

590

520

590

eon

520

438

520

740

920

920

1,570

3,830

4,380

Sept.

4,100

3,570

1 73fl

1,900

1,570

1,420

1,570

3,570

3,080

2,860

4,970

4,100

3 080

3^080

2,650

2,080

2,080

1,900

1,420

1,570

1,420

1 1 Ptft

1,280

1,280

1,110

1,110

1,110

1,110

1,280

1,730

Oct.

2,260

3,320

6,620

5,280

4,100

3,570

4,100

6,620

5,600

5,280

4,380

3,830

4,100

3,570

3,080

2,860

3,320

3,320

14,600

13,500

9,780

12,500

12,500

16,800

13,500

10,700

8,930

7,730

6,620

5,930

4,670

Nov.

4,670

6,270

5,280

4,380

4,380

3,830

4,670

5,280

4,970

4,380

4,100

3,570

3,570

6,620

5,600

4,970

4,970

4,970

10,700

10,700

8,520

7,730

6,620

5,930

6,620

6,270

5,280

4,970

4,970

6,980

Dec.

7,730

5,280

4,970

4,380

4,380

4,100

4,100

3,830

3,830

3,570

3,570

3,830>

3,83<r

3,830

3,830

5,280

8,930

8,930

7,350

6,270

5,600

5,280

6,980

16,200

14,100

9,780

9,350

10,700

8,120

6,270

5,930

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve. Discharge Jan. 1, 

16, and 17 and Mar. 1 and 2 determined from discharge at Biegelsville and climatologic records. Probably 

no material backwater from ice during the remainder of January, February, and March.

Monthly discharge of Delaware River at Port Jervis, N. Y'.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 3,250 square miles.]

Month.

April....................................

May.....................................

July.....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

27,500 

4,970 

48,400 

31,200 

6,620 

30,500 

2,260 

4,380 

4,970 

16,800 

10,700 

16,200

48,400

Minimum.

2,260 

1,730 

1,280 

5,930 

1,280 

1,570 

740 

438 

1,110 

2,260 

3,570 

3,570

438

Mean.

7,330 

2,530 

7,480 

13,700 

3,060 

6,610 

1,130 

901 

2,160 

6,870 

5,730 

6,460

5,330

Per 

square 

mile.

2.26 

.778 

2.30 

4.22 

.942 

2.03 

.348 

.277 

.665 

2.11 

1.76 

1.99

1.64

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.61 

.81 

2.65 

4.71 

1.09 

2.26 

.40 

.32 

.74 

2.43 

1.96 

2.29

22.27

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Comparison of the discharge at Port Jervis with the discharge at Biegelsville and at Hancock 

indicates that these records are exceptionally good.

DELAWARE RIVER AT RLEGELSVILLE, N. J.

Location. At the toll suspension bridge between Riegelsville, N. J., and Riegelsville, Pa., 9 miles below the mouth of Lehigh River (entering from the west) and 

600 feet above the mouth of the Musconetcong (entering from the east).
168 SUEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Records available. July 3, 1906, to December 31,1911.

Drainage area. 6,430 square miles.

Gage. Chain, attached to the bridge. Datum unchanged. This gage has not been 

checked with a level since 1909, and may therefore be somewhat in error as a 

result of stretch of chain and changes in suspension bridge.

Channel. The station is in a deep hole which extends about half a mile downstream 

to a permanent control composed of bowlders averaging 2 to 3 feet in diameter; 

immediately below the control are heavy rapids. Both banks are high and not 

subject to overflow.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge. No measurements in 1911.

Winter flow. Relation between gage height and discharge affected by ice only

during severe winters.

* Diversions. The Delaware division of the Pennsylvania Canal, running from 

Easton, Pa., to Bristol, Pa., diverts water from the Lehigh at its mouth and at 

low stages takes practically the entire discharge of this tributary. The water is 

turned out of this canal during the winter period, or from about the middle of 

December to the last of March, but throughout the remainder of the year the average discharge is 250 to 300 second-feet.

Accuracy. Conditions for obtaining accurate discharge data are very good, and an 

excellent discharge rating curve has been developed. The relation between gage 

height and discharge is affected by backwater from the Musconetcong only at 

rare intervals. Comparison of the records of flow with those at Port Jervis, N. Y., 

and Hancock, N. Y., show that full reliance can be placed on the estimates of 

monthly discharge at Riegelsville.

Daily gage height, in feet; of Delaware River at Riegelsville, N. J.,for 1911. 

[John H. Deemer, observer.]

Day.

1. ..............

2...............

3. ..............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

4.7

5.2

6.6

12.2

9 8

7 3

6.3

6.0

5.9

5.3

5.0

4.7

4.8

5.6

6.8

7.6

6.1

5.2

4.8

4.6

4.8

4.9

4.7

4.2

4.0

4.0

3.9

4.3

4.7

7.2 

5.8

Feb.

4.6

4.4

4.1

4.5

5.2

4.3

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.6

3.7

3.8

4.1

4.0

3.8

3.4

3.5

3.7

4.4

4.0

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.5

3.5

4.2

4.5

4.7

Mar.

4.2

4.4

4.4

4.0

3.7

P. 7

3.6

3.4

3.4

3.5

4.1

3.9

4.3

4.4

5.2

6.4

5.7

5.6

5.2

5.0

4.9

4.8

5.4

6.3

6.2

5.5

5.9

12.9

13.0 

9.6 

10.1

Apr.

8.6

7.4

6.6

6.1

6.8

7 1

10.7

11.8

10.5

9

C

8.8

8.3

7

Q

7.5

Q O

9.9

8.9

8.0

7.2

7.7

9

0

8.7 Q n

8.5

7.8

7.1

6.6

6.3

6.0

5.8

May.

5.6

5.9

5.7

5.5

5.3

4 Q

4.7

4.5

4 1

4.3

4.2

4.1

1 Q

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

3.8

3.7

3

C

3.5

3.4

3 4

3.3

3.2

3.2 

3.1 

3.2

June.

3.7

3.8

3.7

3.4

1 A.

1 4

3.5

3.8

3.8

3.6

3.3

5.4

12.0

13.5

19 9

9.5

8.1

7.6

6.7

6.0

5.3

4.9

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.2

4.0 

3.9

July.

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.2

3

1

9 OK

3.0

2.95

3

1

2 OS

2.95

9 Q

9 Q

2.85

O 1

2.9

2.85

^ 7

3

«>

^ 1

O Q

3.2 9 o*»

^ A

3.6

^ A

3

1

9 Q

2.85 

2.65 

2.7

Aug.

2.6

2.5

2.45

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.65

2.65

2 R

2.5

2.5

2.35

2.3

2.25

8.3

2.25

2.2

2

*)^

2.05

2.05

2.15

o n

2.05

2.2

2.55

*) 7

2.85

3.0 

6.1 

7.2

Sept.

9.0

7.0

5.8

5.0

4.5

4 O

4.5

4.4

4.7

4.7

4.7

5.5

4.7

4.4

4.1

3 Q

3.7

3

C

3.5

3.3

3.3

3

0

3.2

3.1

3

1

0 QK

2.95

3.1 

3.6

Oct.

3.6

5.9

6.3

5.9

5.2

4.8

4.7

5.0

5.5

5.1

4.8

4.8

4.6

4.4 4 *)

4.1

4.1

5.4

8 9

9.6

8.5

8.7

9 9

10.7

9 7

8.5

7.6

7.0

6.5 

6.1 

5.7

Nov.

5.5

5.3

5.4

5.0

4.8

4.7

5.4

5.4

5.2

5.0

4.8

4.7

4 O

5.4

5.6

5.4

5.2

5.8

7.4

8.2

7 P.

6.6

6

«>

6

«>

R 9

6.1

5.8

5.5

5.7 

5.7

Dec.

5.9

5.5

5.3

5.2

5.0

4.8

4.8

4.7

4.7

4.6

4.7

4.7

4 7

4.6

4.7

5.3

6.6

7.0

6.5

6.1

5.5

5.4

6.4

7.7

8.2

7.3

7 9

7.3

6.6 

5.8 

5.7

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge not affected by ice during 1911. 

Mar. 10 and withdrawn Dec. 8.

Water turned into the canal
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 169 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Delaware River at Riegelsville, N. /., for 1911.

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26. ..............

27. ..............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

8,490

10,200

15,400

45,700

31,000

18,400

14,200

13,100

12,700

10,500

9,500

8,490

8,820

11,600

16,300

19,700

13,500

10,200

8,820

8,160

8,820

9,160

8,490

6,870

6,250

5,950

7,190

8,490

18,000

12,400

Feb.

8,160

7,510

6,560

7,830

10,200

7,190

5,950

5,950

5,650

5,080

5,360

5,650

6,560

6,250

4,530

4,800

5,360

7,510

6,250

5,080

5,080

5,080

4,800

4,800

6.870

7,830

8,490

Mar.

6,870

7,510

7,510

6,250

5,360

5,360

5,080

4,530

4,530

4,800

6,560

5 950

7,190

7,510

10,200

14,600

12,000

11,600

10,200

9,500

9 lflfi

10,900

11,200

12,700

50,400

51,100

29,900

32,700

Apr.

24,500

18,800

15,400

13,500

16,300

18,400

36,300

43,100

35,100

29,900

25,600

23,000

20,700

19,300

23,000

31 600

26,' 100

21,600

18,000

20,200

28,200

25,000

26,600

24,000

20,700

17,500

15,400

14,200

13,100

12,400

May.

11,600

12,700

12,000

11,200

10,500

9,160

8,490

7,830

7,190

7,190

6,870

6,560

5,950

5,650

5,650

5,360

5,080

5,360

5,650

5,950

5,650

5,360

5,080

4,800

4,530

4,530

4,260

4,000

4,000

3,750

4,000

June.

5,360

5,650

5,360

4,530

4,530

4,530

4,800

5,650

5,650

5,080

4,260

10,900

44,400

54,600

45,700

29,300

22,100

19,700

15,800

13,100

10,500

9,160

8,490

8,160

7,830

7,510

7,190

6,870

6,250

5,950

July.

4,530

4,260

4,000

4,000

3,750

3,380

3,500

3,380

3,750

3,380

3,380

3,260

3,260

3,140

3,750

3,260

3,140

5,360

4,000

3,750

3,260

4,000

3,380

3,500

5,080

4,530

3,750

3,260

3,140

2,700

2,810

Aug.

2,600

2,400

2,300

2,810

2,600

2,600

2,400

2,700

2,700

2,600

2,400

2,400

2,100

2,010

1,920

2,010

1,920

1,830

1,920

1,580

1,580

1,740

1,500

1,580

1,830

2,500

2,810

3,140

3,500

13,500

18,000

Sept.

26,600

17,100

12,400

9,500

7,830

6,870

7,830

7,510

8,490

8,490

8,490

11,200

8,490

7,510

6,560

6,560

5,950

5,360

5,080

4,800

4,260

4,260

4,000

4,000

3,750

3,750

3,380

3,380

3,750

5,080

Oct.

5,080

12,700

14,200

12,700

10,200

8,820

8,490

9,500

11,200

9,840

8,820

8,820

8,160

7,510

6,870

6,560

6,560

10,900

26,100

29,900

24,000

25,000

31,600

36,300

30,400

24,000

19,700

17,100

15,000

13,500

12,000

Nov.

11,200

10,500

10,900

9,500

8,820

8,490

10,900

10,900

10,200

9,500

8,820

8,490

9,160

10,900

11,600

10,900

10,200

12,400

18,800

22,600

18,400

15,400

13,900

13,900

13,900

13,500

12,400

11,200

12,000

12,000

Dec.

12,700

11,200

10,500

10,200

9,500

8,820

8,820

8,490

8,490

8,160

8 4on

8,490

8,490

8,160

8,490

10,500

15,400

17,100

15,000

13,500

11,200

10,900

14,600

20,200

22,600

18,000

18,400

15,400

12,400

12,000

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a well-defined discharge rating curve.

Monthly discharge of Delaware River at Riegelsville, N. J.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 6,430 square miles.]

 Month.

April....................................

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

45,700 

10,200 

51,100 

43,100 

12,700 

54,600 

5,360 

18,000 

26,600 

36,300 

22,600 

22,600

54,600

Minimum.

5,950 

4,530 

4,530 

12,400 

3,750 

4,260 

2,700 

1,500 

3,380 

5,080 

8,490 

8,160

1,500

Mean.

12,700 

6,290 

12,800 

22,600 

6,640 

13,000 

3,670 

3,140 

7,410 

15,200 

12,000 

12,400

10, 700

Per 

square 

mile.

1.98 

.978 

2.02 

3.5& 

1.07 

2.05 

.613 

.530 

1.19 

2.41 

1.91 

1.94

1,70

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.28 

1.02 

2.33 

3.97 

1.23 

2.29 

.71 

.61 

1.33 

2.78 

2.13 

2.24

22.92

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. In order to determine the discharge per square mile and the run-off depth in inches, 270 secondfeet were added Mar. 10 to Dec. 7,1910, before computing the discharge per square mile. Hence the first 

three columns indicate the actual quantity of water available in the river, and the two remaining columns 

represent the actual run-off from the drainage area above Riegelsville, including the discharge of the canal.

WEST BRANCH OF DELAWARE RIVER AT HANCOCK, N. Y.

Location. At the toll suspension bridge over Delaware River, one-half mile west of 

the Erie Railroad station at Hancock, N. Y., about 1 mile above the junction of the 

East and West branches of the Delaware, and about 10 miles below the mouth of 

Oquaga Creek, the nearest tributary, which enters from the right.
170 SUEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Records available. October 15, 1902, to December 31, 1911. Data published also

in annual reports of the New York State engineer and surveyor. 

Drainage area. 680 square miles. 

Gage. Standard chain, fastened to the upstream side of the bridge; read once daily;

datum unchanged.

Channel. Bed of river composed of gravel. One channel at all stages. 

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or by wading. 

Winter flow. Affected considerably by ice below the control point. 

Accuracy. Conditions for determination of discharge not good. High-water stage

affected by backwater from East Branch; low-water stage controlled by riffles

about 800 feet below the bridge; frequent changes in the channel require many

measurements and frequent new discharge rating curves. 

Cooperation. Established and maintained in cooperation with the State engineer

and surveyor of New York, and since January 1, 1908, with the United States

Weather Bureau.

Discharge measurements of West Branch of Delaware Ritfer at Hancock, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

19

Hydrographer.

C. S. DeGolyer........ ..................................... .............

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.21

4.44

Discharge.

Sec. ft. 

2,360

1,360

Daily gage height, in feet, of West Branch of Delaware River at Hancoek, N. Y.,for 1911.

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19. ..............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24. ..............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

4.3

5.1

8.0

6.8

5.4

5.0

4.8

4.5

4.5

4.0

3.9

4.2

4.8

5.0

5.8

4.8

4.1

3.9

3.6

4.0

4.2

3.9

3.7

3.5

3.6

3.4

3.4

6.9

5.8

5.2

4.0

Feb.

3.8

4.1

3.8

3.5

4.4

5.8

4.1

4.5

5.1

5.1

4.4

3.9

4.0

4.3

4.0

3.8

3.8

4.1

4.5

4.1

4.1

4.3

4.3

4.0

4.1

3.8

3.9

4.6

.......

.......

Mar.

4.8

3 o. Q u

4.1

3.8

3.8

3.5

3.4

3.1

3.1

S O. 9£i

3.3

3.7

3.9

4.4

5.8

4.5

4.1

4.1

3.8

3.6

3.6

4.0

4.6

4.6

3.9

4.3

6.8

8.8

6.2

5.1

5.4

Apr.

4.8

4.4

4.2

4.2

4.3

6.9

7.6

6.8

6.2

5.6

5.5

5.3

5.0

5.1

6.2

5.7

5.3

5.0

4.7

4 yQ 

4.8

4.9

4.9

4.6

4.4

4.3

4.1

4.1

4.0

3.9

May.

3.9

3.8

4.0

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.4

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.0

3.0

2.9

June.

2.9

3.0

2.8

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.3

3.2

3.0

3.0

2.9

5.3

6.3

6.2

5.4

5.1

4.9

4.7

4.4

4.1

3.9

3.9

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.0

3.6

3.4

3.2

.......

July.

3.3

3.2

3.1

2.9

3.0

2.9

3.3

3.1

2.8

2.9

2.9

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.7

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.7

2.5

2.5

2.7

2.9

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.4

2.6

2.6

Aug.

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

3.0

3.3

3.8

2.7

2.6

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.7

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.7

2.7

2.9

3.0

3.3

3.2

Sept.

3.1

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.8

3.5

3.6

3.3

3.0

4.5

4.1

3.9

3.7

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.0

3.1

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.9

2.8

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.9

.......

Oct.

2.8

3.7

3.6

3.3

3.4

3.2

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.6

3.5

3.6

3.5

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.0

3.7

4.9

4.7

4.3

4.3

5.5

5.3

4.8

4.5

4.3

4.2

4.0

3.8

3.8

Nov.

4.5

4.2

4.0

3.8

3.7

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.8

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.7

4.1

5.4

4.6

4.3

4.4

4.0

4.1

4.2

4.0

3.8

4.2

4.1

4.0

4.0

.......

Dec.

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.7

3.7

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.7

3.6

3.8

3.8

3.8

4.0

4.0

4.4

4.9

4.7

4.5

4.1

4.0

4.0

5.5

5.6

5.0

4.8

4.9

4.7

4.0

3.8

3.8

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice Jan. 7 to 13, 20 to 27, and about Feb. 1 to 

Mar. 19. The gage height may also have been slightly affected by ice at other times during January and 

March.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 171

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Delaware River at Hancock, N. Y.,for

1911.

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24. .............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Jan.

1,240

2,280

9,700

5,930

2,780

2,130

1,600

1,200

900

700

600

800

800

2,130

3,560

1,850

1,030

845

595

600

600

500

500

400

400

350

400

6,210

3,560

2,440

935

Mar.

400

400

400

350

350

300

250

200

200

300

400

600

700

800

1,000

900

800

700

600

595

595

935

1,590

1,590

845

1,240

5,930

12,600

4,450

2,280

2,780

Apr.

1,850

1,350

1,130

1,130

1,240

6,210

8,360

5,930

4,450

3,150

2,960

2,610

2,130

2,280

4,450

3,350

2,610

2,130

1,720

1,990

1,850

1,990

1,990

1,590

1,350

1,240

1,030

1,030

935

845

May.

845

755

935

755

670

595

525

460

460

400

400

400

460

400

345

295

295

295

345

295

295

295

250

250

460

345

295

295

250

250

210

June.

210

250

175

175

250

345

400

345

250

250

210

2,610

4,680

4,450

2,780

2,280

1,990

1,720

1,350

1,030

845

845

460

400

400

345

250

595

460

345

July.

400

345

295

210

250

210

400

295

175

210

210

140

140

110

110

83

140

175

140

110

140

83

83

140

210

140

140

140

60

110

110

Aug.

140

110

83

83

83

250

400

755

140

110

140

110

83

110

83

110

83

83

140

83

83

83

83

83

83

140

140

210

250

400

345

Sept.

295

210

210

210

175

525

595

400

250

1,470

1,030

845

670

460

400

345

250

295

250

250

210

210

210

175

210

175

140

140

140

210

Oct.

175

670

595

400

460

345

845

755

755

595

525

595

525

400

400

345

250

670

1 oon

1,720

1,240

1,240

2,960

2,610

1,850

1,470

1,240

1,130

935

755

755

Nov.

1,470

1,130

935

755

670

935

845

845

755

670

755

935

935

845

845

670

1,030

2,780

1,590

1,240

1,350

935

1,030

1,130

935

755

1,130

1,030

935

935

Dec.

935

935

845

670

670

525

525

525

670

595

755

755

755

935

935

1,350

1,990

1,720

1,470

1,030

935

935

2,960

3,150

2,130

1,850

1,990

1,720

935

755

755

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a fairly well defined discharge rating curve. Discharge Jan. 7 

to 13,20 to 27, and Mar. 1 to 19 estimated from climatologic records and the discharge at Port Jervis.

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Delaware River at Hancock, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 680 square miles.]

Month.

February. ..............................

April....................................

May.....................................

July.....................................

October. ................................

The year. .........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

9,700

12,600 

8,360 

935 

4,680 

400 

755 

1,470 

2,960 

2,780 

3,150

12,600

Minimum.

350

200 

845 

210 

175 

60 

83 

140 

175 

670 

525

60

Mean.

1,860 

450 

1,450 

2,500 

423 

1,020 

178 

164 

365 

942 

1,030 

1,180

965

Per 

square 

mile.

2.74 

.662 

2.13 

3.68 

.622 

1.50 

.262 

.241 

.537 

1.39 

1.51 

1.74

1.42

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

3.16 

.69 

2.46 

4.11 

.72 

1.67 

.30 

.28 

.60 

1.60 

1.68 

2.01

19.28

Accuracy.

C. 

D. 

C.

A. 

B. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge for February estimated from climatologic records and the discharge at Port Jervis.
172 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I.

MONGATTP RIVER AT RIO, N. Y.

Location. At the steel highway bridge on Partridge ranch, near Rio, 6 miles above

Mongaup village and some 7 miles above the mouth of the stream. 

Records available. August 8, 1909, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual

report of New York State engineer and surveyor. 

Drainage area. 189 square miles. 

Gage. Standard chain, attached to the downstream side of the bridge; read twice

daily; datum unchanged. 

Channel. At low and medium stages divided into two parts by an island just below

the bridge. Banks high and overflow only during high stages. 

Discharge measurements. At high stages made from the bridge; at low stages by

wading. 

Accuracy. Conditions fairly good except at low-water stages, when the current

becomes rather sluggish. A good discharge rating curve has been developed for

stages below 3 feet. 

Cooperation. Established December 8, 1906, by Chas. H. Cooke, civil engineer,

New York City, in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey and the

New York State engineer and surveyor. Observations prior to 1909 unreliable

and hence not published.

The following discharge measurement was made by C. C. Covert: 

October 11, 1911: Gage height, 1.32 feet; discharge, 202 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Mongaup River at Rio, N. Y., for 1911. 

[Mrs. C. S. Holies, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16. ..............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20. ..............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

1.9

1 65

1.5

Feb.

1.46

1.40

1.20

1.41

Mar.

1.25

1.5

1.8

2.15

'2.3

1.9

1.8

1 65

1.6

1.7

2.6

2.05

2.1

2.15

2.4

3.1

3.8

2.8

t n

2.6

Apr.

2.7

2.6

1.8

1.75

1.9

2.8

2.6

2.45

2.25

2.4

2.4

2.2

2.1

3.2

3.5

2.7

2.35

2.15

2.0

2.7

2.5

2.3

3.0

2.4

2.2

1.95

1.8

1.7

1.55

1.6

May.

1.5

1.7

1.75

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.44

1.40

1.40

1.38

1.34

1.30

1.28

1.26

1.24

1.22

1.20

1.26

1.28

1.19

1.11

1.08

1.06

1.04

1.05

1.02

1.00

.94

.91

95

.98

June.

1.19

1.12

1.08

.98

.98

1.14

1.29

1.25

1.15

1.05

2.4

3.8

4.2

3.6

2.8

2.4

2.2

1.95

1.6

1.6

1.5

1.45

1.45

1.38

1.28

1.22

1.26

1.36

1.25

1.20

July.

1.18

1.08

1.00

1.02

.99

.96

1.19

1.08

.95

.95

.94

.90

.88

. .89

.89

.85

.90

.95

.89

.82

.85

.84

.77

1.17

1.25

1.08

.94

.91

.87

79

.79

Aug.

.79

.73

.77

.79

.79

.78

.84

.83

.81

.75

.73

.71

.67

.71

.67

.70

.64

.66

.66

.66

.68

.62

.70

.60

.80

.99

.78

.86

1.48

1.75

1.7

Sept.

1.46

1.23

1.03

.90

1.12

1.09

1.00

1.02

1.04

1.27

1.06

1.00

.86

.85

.79

.87

.86

.85

.83

.79

.77

.78

.82

.79

.82

.83

.81

.85

.85

1 37

Oct.

1.19

2.05

1.65

1.5

1.39

1.35

1.7

1.6

1.55

1.49

1.34

1.28

1.18

1.14

1.11

1.10

1.08

1.48

2.5

2.2

2.15

2.6

3.0

2.5

2.2

2.0

1.85

1.7

1.65

1.6

1.5

Nov.

1.5

1.48

1.39

1.34

1.32

1.32

1.6

1.45

1.44

1.35

1.31

1.31

1.9

1.6

1.55

1.55

1.49

2.2

2.45

2.15

1.9

1.8

1.75

1.65

1.95

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.75

1.7

Dec.

1.55

1.6

1.42

1.38

1.49

1.45

1.5

1.65

1.5

1.5

1.45

1.5

1.48

1.48

1.7

2.1

2.3

2.0

1.75

1.55

1.6

1.9

2.25

2.5

2.4

2.7

2.6

2.5

1.95

1.6

1.6

NOTE. No information available regarding backwater from ice. 

by ice Jan. 29 to Feb. 4.

River probably open and unaffected
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 173

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mongaup River at Rio, N. Y.,for 1911.

Day.

1... ............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7... ............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12. ..............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

500

370

300

Feb.

284

260

185

9<U

Mar.

OrtO

OAA

445

650

740

500

445

370

345

395

950

590

620

650

810

1,350

2,010

1,100

1.260

950

Apr.

1,020

950

445

420

500

1,100

950

845

710

810

810

680

620

1,440

1,710

1,020

775

650

560

1,020

880

740

1,260

810

680

530

445

395

322

345

May.

300

395

420

OQC

345

300

276

260

260

252

236

220

213

206

199

192

185

206

213

182

154

143

136

129

132

122

115

98

89

100

109

June.

182

1W

143

109

109

164

216

202

168

132

810

2,010

2

AAf\

1,810

1,100

810

680

530

34?;

345

300

280

280

252

213

192

206

244

202

185

July.

178

143

115

199

112

103

182

143

100

100

98

86

81

84

84

74

86

100

84

68

74

72

57

174

202

143

98

89

79

61

61

Aug.

61

50

57

61

61

59

72

70

65

54

50

46

39

46

39

44

34

38

38

38

41

31

44

28

63

112

TO

77

292

420

395

Sept.

251

173

116

84

140

131

108

113

118

185

124

108

76

74

61

78

76

74

69

61

57

59

67

61

67

69

65

74

74

219

Oct.

160

590

370

265

226

212

395

345

322

261

209

IRQ

157

146

137

134

143

292

880

680

650

950

1,260

880

680

560

472

395

370

345

300

Nov.

300

292

256

236

228

228

345

280

276

240

224

224

cflrk

345

322

322

296

680

845

650

500

445

420

370

530

445

395

345

420

395

Dec.

322

345

268

252

296

280

300

370

300

300

280

qnn

909

292

395

620

740

560

420

322

345

500

710

880

810

1,020

950

880

530

345

345

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a discharge rating curve -well defined below 1,000 second-feet.

Monthly discharge of Mongaup River at Rio, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 189 square miles.]

Month.

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,010

1,710 

420 

2,440 

202 

420 

251 

1,260 

845 

1,020

2,440

Minimum.

322 

89 

109 

57 

28 

57 

134 

224 

252

28

Mean.

400 

150 

516 

781 

212 

494 

105 

83.4 

101 

419 

378 

470

343

Per 

square 

mile.

2.12 

.794 

2.73 

4.13 

1.12 

2.61 

.556 

.441 

.534 

2.22 

2.00 

2.49

1.81

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.44 

.83 

3.15 

4.61 

1.29 

2.91 

.64 

.51 

.60 

2.56 

2.23 

2.87

24.64

Accuracy.

D. 

D. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 1 to Mar. 11, with the exception of Jan. 29 to Feb. 4, estimated from climatologic 

records and the discharge at Port Jervis. 

Mean discharge Mar. 1-11 estimated 120 second-feet.

NEVERSINX RIVER AT GODEPPROY, N. Y.

Location. At the suspension bridge half a mile east of the post office at Godeffroy, 

half a mile below the mouth of Brasher Kill (entering from the left), and 8 miles 

above the confluence of Neversink and Delaware rivers.
174 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Records available. August 4 to October 9, 1903; August 21 to December 25, 1909. 

Data also in the annual reports of the State engineer and surveyor of New York.

Drainage area. 314 square miles.

Gage. Original, washed out by flood October 9, 1903. Second gage, an enameled 

staff, bolted to the downstream end of left-hand abutment; destroyed by flood, 

January 21, 1910. Present gage, established August 1, 1910, standard chain, 

supported by a cantilever arm fastened to the left-hand downstream cable tower; 

datum of present gage unchanged. Datum of new gage 0.98 foot lower than that 

of 1903 and the same as the one which it replaced.

Channel. Bed of sand and gravel; liable to shift.

Artificial control. There are several reservoirs in the upper part of the drainage 

area, two of which are now in use. The principal power plant is at Roses Point, 

near Cuddebackville, in the vicinity of the old Delaware & Hudson Canal. 

About half a mile above this point a concrete dam diverts water through the old 

feeder ditch to the plant. This power plant supplies Port Jervis, Middletown, 

and other small places in the vicinity, with electric light and power.

Accuracy. Conditions are good for making measurements, but the channel is liable 

to shift from time to time, thus impairing the accuracy of the discharge rating 

curve. As the low-water flow is controlled absolutely by the power plant, 

determination of low-stage discharge is uncertain. Accurate computation of 

the diurnal fluctuation of discharge caused by the operation of the mills above 

the station has been rendered impossible by insufficient funds. It is proposed 

to install an automatic gage to determine the relation between the daily gage 

heights heretofore recorded and the true mean gage heights, thus making possible 

the publication of accurate computations of daily discharge from the inception 

of the station to date. The gage heights for 1911 are withheld pending this 

investigation, as no gage heights recorded at this station are true indices of the 

daily discharge.

Cooperation. Maintained in cooperation with the New York State engineer and 

surveyor.

Discharge measurements of Neversink River at Godeffroy, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

21o

Oct. 11

Hydrographer.

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Fed. 

3.74

2.76

2.90

3.77

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

486

49.2

70.2

507

a Measurement made by wading J mile above bridge. 

LEHIGH RIVER AT SOUTH BETHLEHEM, PA.

Location. On the New Street Bridge connecting Bethlehem and South Bethlehem, Pa.

Records available. September 22, 1902, to February 13, 1905; April 26, 1909, to 

December 31, 1911. Complete data 1902 to 1909 are published in Water Supply 

Paper 261.

Drainage area. 1,235 square miles.

Gage. Chain and weight, similar to that employed when the station was first established; datum of the present gage 0.09 foot higher than that of the old one used 

prior to 1909. Elevation of the zero of the present gage 210.64 feet above sea 

level.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 175

Channel. Straight for one-third mile above and several hundred feet below the 

station. A low rubble dam crosses a portion of the channel a few hundred feet 

below the bridge. The construction of this dam caused an alteration in the 1902 

rating curve and certain changes in the dam caused a further slight change in 

the rating curve between 1905 and 1909. The river bed consists of sand, gravel, 

and bowlders, and seems to be fairly permanent. Velocity good at low stages. 

Left bank low and overflows at high stages, right bank high and does not overflow.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Winter flow. Relation between gage height and discharge at this station is little 

affected by ice.

Canal. Lehigh Canal follows the left bank and passes over Monocacy Creek and 

under the left span of the bridge. The creek also passes under the bridge and 

enters the river a short distance below. An ice plant and gristmill take water 

from the canal and return it to the river above the bridge. The canal is measured 

at Main Street Bridge, one-third mile above the station, and the discharge, reduced 

by the amount of tailrace flow of ice plant and gristmill, is added to the river 

discharge. At high stages the river overflows into the canal and creek.

Accuracy. Good.

Cooperation. Since its reestablishment this station has been maintained by the 

Water Supply Commission of Pennsylvania, and many of the measurements 

have been made by students of Lehigh University, under the direction of the 

civil-engineering department.

The following discharge measurement was made by C. E. Ryder: 

November 25, 1911: Gage height, 3.85 feet; discharge, 3,080 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lehigh River at South Bethlehem, Pa., for 1911. 

[John E. Santee, observer.]

Day.

1... ............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

3.11

3.62

5.59

6.21

4.84

4.31

4.07

3.78

3.72

3.34

3.26

3.34

3.52

4.17

4.83

4.35

3.74

3.57

3.42

3 4(1

3.36

3.26

3.13

2.96

2.74

2.92

2.88

3.09

3.36

3.25

3.04

Feb.

2.88

2.92

2.60

2.91

3.62

2.85

2.63

2.88

3.80

2.73

2.61

2.52

3.09

2.95

2.71

2.53

2.71

3.11

3.40

2.90

2.63

2.54

2.62

2.53

2.61

3.23

3.33

3.48

.......

Mar.

3.07

3.04

2.96

2.84

2.64

2.70

2.64

2.46

2.63

2.79

2.21

2.90

3.07

2.97

3.19

3.51

2.81

3.31

3.07

3.12

3.25

3.14

3.21

a 90

3.07

3 id.

3 Aft

d. 0,9

4

40

4.31

4.02

Apr.

3.73

3.61

3.43

3.39

4.02

4.27

4.21

4.11

4.05

4.11

3.98

3.92

3 78

3.84

4.37

3.99

3 QA

3.82

3.69

4.75

4.89

4 80

4.77

4 48

4 17

3 94

3 fin

3.65

3.53

3 44

May.

3.42

3.85

3.31

3.22

3.15

3.00

2.93

2.89

2.82

2.80

2.78

2.74

2.67

2.61

2.62

2.56

2.55

2 Eft

2.53

2.71

2.52

2

AQ

2.43

2 49

2.32

2 36

2.41

2.22

2.32

2.33

2.50

June.

3.55

3.32

3.03

2.84

2.71

2.76

2.97

2.78

2.63

2.53

2.44

4.11

5.88

6.65

5.42

4.68

4 49

3 97

3.52

3.36

3.16

3 04

3.28

3 (V7

3.03

3

ftO

3 no

2.88

2.79

2.67

July.

2.53

2.46

2.46

2.42

2.45

2.37

2.29

2.54

2.27

2.32

2.33

3.28

2.16

2.17

2 50

2.22

3.06

3

f)A

2.62

2.42

2.49

2.59

2.44

2.66

2 Of

2 CO

2.49

2.39

2 97

2.19

2.28

Aug.

2.17

2.17

2.16

2

rjK

9 A.Q

2.42

2.30

2.71

2.45

2.27

2.15

2.10

2.02

2.18

2.05

2.10

2

fte

2.15

2 00

1 QO

2.03

1.85

1 90

1 90

2.22

2.45

9 QQ

2

40

2.42

5.74

6.14

Sept.

6.88

5.29

4.39

3

QA

^ P;I

3.72

3.78

3.53

3.37

3.67

3.43

3.88

3 Aft

3.27

3.19

3.20

3.06

2 Q7

2.87

9 7a

2.70

2.82

2.65

2

BA

2.56

2.45

2.49

2.40

2.59

3.11

Oct.

2.78

5.87

4.66

4.01

3 71

3 40

3.69

3.36

3.27

3.16

3.22

3.29

3 14

2.98

2.90

2.99

2

CQ

4.12

4.98

4 48

4 9Q

4 84

5.57

5.40

4.85

4 4A

4 18

3.98

3

70

3.62

3.47

Nov.

3 Xft,

3.26

3.13

3.06

3

AO

2.98

3.81

3 37

3.18

3.13

3.02

2.88

3.37

3.29

3.24

3.16

A. 58

A OO

4.04'

3 77

3.61

3.72

3.82

3.50

3 Eft

3.44

3.68

3.56

Dec.

3.52

3.41

3.27

3

0Q

^ 91

3.23

3.19

3

1 A

^ 0,7

2.97

3.08

3.05

3

ft1

2.98

3.05

3.52

4 97

3.85

3.67

3 49

3 3Q

3.51

3 QQ

4.16

4

ftO

3 94

A 11

^ Q*

3.53

3.51

3.72

NOTE. Gage heights probably not materially affected by ice.
176 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Lehigh River at South Bethlehem, Pa., for 1911.

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4. ..............

7. ..............

8. ..............

9...............

10. ..............

11...............

12. ..............

13...............

14. ..............

15...............

16. ..............

17. ..............

18...............

19. ..............

20...............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24. ..............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28. ..............

29...............

30. ..............

31...............

Jan.

1,790

2 600

6,860

8,410

S ftfiO

3,900

2,890

2,780

2,140

2,010

2,140

2,430

3,620

5 040

3,980

2,820

2,520

2,270

2 9dn

2,170

2,010

1,820

1,580

1,300

1 530

1,470

2,170

2,000

1,690

Feb.

1,470

1,530

1,120

1,510

2,600

1 440

1,160

1,470

2,920

1 280

1 140

1,030

1 760

1,570

1,260

1,040

1,260

1 790

2,240

1 t\ftn

1,060

1 150

i fun

1 140

1,970

2,370

.......

Mar.

1,730

1 >;sn

1,420

1,170

1 240

1,170

966

1,160

1,360

714

1 W»

1,730

1,590

1 Q^h

2 ±PS\

1 430

2,140

1,780

1,850

2,040

1 880

1^980

2,100

1,780

1,880

2,620

5,290

4,300

3 DC A

3,370

Apr.

2 g4Q

2 fiOfi

2

OO A

2 260

3

O.7A

3 QAA

3 fUlS

3,430

3,540

3,300

3,190

9 cnn

3,040

4,070

3 o9fi

3,010

2,770

4 900

5,220

5,020

4,950

4

QAA

3,660

3,220

2 Q7O.

2 7ftA

9 p^n

2 OCA

May.

2,310

S flfift

2,140

2 nfifl

1 ftQfl

1,680

1,590

1,530

1 440

1^420

1 30ft

1 3-ifl

1,250

1 1Sfi

1,190

1,120

1,110

1,120

1,300

1,080

1 040

Q7O

967

occ

905

QCfl

769

865

J27 K

1,060

June.

2,530

2,150

1,720

1,470

1,300

1,360

1 640

1,390

1,210

1,090

QQQ

3 t^lfi

9 finn

6 480

4,320

3 9Sft

2,480

2,220

1,910

1 740

2,090

1,780

1,720

1,720

1,710

1,520

1,400

1 9<tfl

July.

1,090

1,010

1,010

967

1 000

915

836

1,100

816

865

875

2,090

714

723

1,060

769

1,760

2 fiqn

1,190

967

1 r\Af\

1,160

QCQ

1,240

1,560

1,190

1 A4ft

Q3^

816

741

826-

Aug.

723

723

714

1 ^ft

1 040

967

QA K

1,300

1 '816 000

7ftK

RAH

592

739

618

660

618

7ftK

V7K

Prt^

600

465 '500

(son

769

1,000

935

978

967

7,280

8,280

Sept.

10,200

6,170

4,110

3,220

2

QOrt

9 OiV\

9 wn

2,230

2,740

2,330

3,110

2,390

2,070

1,950

1,960

1,760

1,640

1,510

1,390

1,290

1 -110

1,230

1,220

1,120

1,000

1,040

945

1,160

1 830

Oct

1,390

7,600

4,700

3 OCA

2,810

2,280

2,770

2,220

2,070

1,910

2,000

2,100

1,880

1,650

1,540

1,670

1 KSS\

3,560

5,430

4,300

3,900

5,110

6,850

6,440

5,130

4,140

3,680

3,300

2,790

2,650

2,400

Nov.

2,280

2,060

1 860

1,760

1,720

1,650

2,990

2,230

1,940

1,860

1,710

1,520

2,310

2,230

2,100

2,030

1,910

3,100

4,520

3,990

3,410

2,920

2,630

2,830

3,010

2,440

2,440

2,350

2,760

2,550

Dec.

2,480

2,300

2,030

2,220

1,940

1,970

1,910

1,830

1,730

1,590

1,750

1,700

1,650

1,610

1,700

2,430

3,820

3,020

2,690

2,380

2,220

2,420

3,270

3,600

3,330

3,180

3,500

3,200

2,450

2,420

2,780

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a fairly well defined discharge rating curve. Forty-five secondfeot added to the daily discharge Mar. 15 to Dec. 2, when the canal was in operation.

Monthly discharge of Lehigh River at South Bethlehem, Pa., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,235 square miles.]

Month.

May....................................

July.....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

8,410 

2,920 

5,290 

5,220 

3,060 

9,600 

2,090 

8,280 

10,200 

7,600 

4,520 

3,820

10,200

Minimum.

1,300 

1,030 

714 

2,260 

769 

989 

714 

465 

945 

1,390 

1,520 

1,590

465

Mean.

2,850 

1,540 

1,990 

3,410 

1,340 

2,600 

1,070 

1,230 

2,390 

3,330 

2,440 

2,420

2,220

Per square 

mile.

2.31 

1.25 

1.61 

2.76 

1.09 

2.11 

.866 

.996 

L94 

2.70 

1.98 

1.96

1.80

Kun-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area.)

2.66 

1.30 

1.86 

3.08 

1.26 

2.35 

1.00 

1.15 

2.16 

3.11 

2.21 

2.26

24.40

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

TOHICKON CHEEK AT POINT PLEASANT, PA.

Location. About one-eighth mile above the mouth of the creek. 

Becords available. -1883 to 1911, except 1900. 

Drainage area. 102 square miles. 

, Automatic register.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 177

Discharge measurements. High stage determined from a curve developed from

current meter measurements. The lower part of the rating curve has been

developed from the computed discharge over a weir. 

Accuracy. Discharge rating curve well denned. 

Cooperation. Records obtained and furnished by the Philadelphia Bureau of

Water, Department of Public Works, under the personal supervision of John E.

Codman.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tohickon Creek at Point Pleasant, Pa., for 1911.

Day.

1... ..........

2... ..........

3.............

4.............

5.............

6.............

7.............

8.............

9.............

10.............

11.............

12.............

13.............

14.............

15.............

16.............

17.............

18.............

19.............

20.............

21.............

22.............

23.............

24.............

25.............

26.............

27....'........

28.............

29.............

30............. 

31.............

Jan.

163.0 

873.5 

2,036.5 

1,149.8 

300.5

153.0 

119.0 

98.0 

78.5 

135.5

91.5 

65.2 

114.2 

310.0

485.5

274.5 

173.5 

209.0 

114.2 

61.5

67.7 

65.5 

64.3 

83.8 

94.3

60.3 

163.5 

407.5 

224.0 

277.2 

200.5

Feb.

104.0 

74.0 

61.8 

691.4

544.6

115.4 

113.3

97.5 

72.5 

67.6

75.6 

102.5 

151.0 

157.5 

109.0

87.0 

87.5 

78.5 

104.7 

109.0

109.0 

114.0 

92.0 

82.7 

104.5

131.0 

131.0 

131.0

.......

Mar.

118.0 

90.3 

69.9 

61.2 

56.4

55.6 

52.3 

61.8 

104.6 

355.0

398.5 

214.5 

187.5 

164.0 

1,847.5

979.0 

356.5 

160.5 

154.5 

271.0

280.0 

152.5 

101.0 

75.0 

54.0

52.1 

449.5 

704.0 

506.0 

404.0 

109,5

Apr.

87.5 

68.4 

49.9 

87.0 

716.0

564.0 

247.5 

127.0 

242.0 

300.5

163.5 

100.0

79.7 

84.7 

137.7

144.5 

89.5 

66.1 

69.0 

1,624.0

680.5 

242.5 

266.0 

196.0 

113.0

77.9 

62.4 

54.7 

37.2 

23.1

May.

37.2 

63.4 

66.8 

53.3

48.7

39.6 

30.6 

30.6 

32.3 

32.3

26.8 

26.8 

25.2 

15.5 

20.9

'28.7 

25.0 

22.3 

18.1 

14.5

9.7 

11.3 

17.2 

13.4 

8.3

10.7 

9.3 

3.9 

.6.4 

33.6 

47.4

June.

37.7 

46.3 

39.3 

28.1 

26.0

53.7 

70.5 

49.0 

41.5 

28.8

18.7 

35.9 

483.5 

483.5 

166.0

81.9 

49.4 

37.1 

27.6 

20.3

19.7 

17.7 

15.2 

18.3 

53.4

55.1 

21.7 

16.3 

12.2 

9.5

July.

8.2 

7.4 

8.7 

10.6 

6.6

6.6 

11.0 

10.5 

6.0 

6.9

8.6 

6.7 

5.7 

6.7 

47.3

23.4 

170.1 

641.0 

101.3 

35.9

87.5 

321.0 

80.0 

365.5 

127.5

50.8 

31.4 

24.5 

16.9 

11.8 

18.7

Aug.

22.5 

14.5 

16.6 

21.6 

18.4

8.7 

6.8 

8.2 

7.6 

7.3

6.7 

5.1 

5.1 

7.3 

11.0

19.7 

80.9 

72.7 

7.7 

4.9

4.1 

6.3

5.6 

8.2 

39.8

19.8 

16.6 

25.8 

33.8 

57.7 

2,524.3

Sept.

1,823.0 

317.5 

109.5 

58.0 

40.6

40.6 

32.4 

24.8 

26.8 

18.8

186.9 

108.0 

36.9 

30.7 

39.8

51.5 

52.9 

39.2 

32.6 

28.8

22.3 

23.4 

21.1 

10.3 

15.6

22.3 

18.8 

13.3 

21.0 

31.0

Oct.

33.7 

1,592.0 

508.5 

131.0 

73.8

55.5 

177.5 

115.0 

76.0 

50.8

55.0 

64.3 

55.6 

41.6 

35.8

33.8 

32.2 

1,127.9 

1,270.0 

535.5

1,009.0 

775.0 

1,079.5 

518.0 

194.0

122.0 

95.0 

73.4 

63.1 

56.2 

47.6

Nov.

41.0 

38.1 

30.8 

30.8 

33.8

44.7 

999.5 

338.5 

133.5 

B3.0

68.9 

76.9 

131.5 

138.0 

367.5

485.5 

241.5 

2,479.5 

1,339.2 

264.5

159.0 

117.0 

84.0 

821.0 

720.0

250.0 

145.0 

137.5 

183.5 

153.5

Dec.

89.0

64.5 

59.3 

65.8 

78.5

75.6 

75.6 

79.0 

114.5 

114.5

99.0

82.7 

78.5 

70.1 

783.7

1,218.0 

792.5 

302.5 

169.0 

109.0

87.0 

200.0 

1,201.0 

515.0 

206.0

148.5 

658.5 

371.5 

145.0 

138.0 

104.0

Monthly discharge of Tohickon Creek at Point Pleasant, Pa., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 102 square miles.]

Month.

May...........................................

July...........................................

The year. ...............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,040 

691 

1,850 

1,620 

66.8 

484 

641 

2,520 

1,820 

1,590 

2,480 

1,220

2,520

Minimum.

60.3 

61.8 

52.1 

23.1 

3.9 

9.5 

5.7 

4.1 

10.3 

32.2 

30.8 

59.3

3.9

Mean.

281 

139 

279 

227 

26.8 

68.8 

73.1 

99.8 

110 

326 

338 

268

187

Per 

square 

mile.

2.75 

1.36 

2.74 

2.23 

.263 

.675 

.717 

.978 

1.08 

3.20 

3.31 

2.63

1.83

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

3.17 

1.42 

3.16 

2.49 

.30 

.75 

.83 

1.13 

1.20 

3.69 

3.69 

3.03

24.86

48521° WSP 301 12 12
178 STJEFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

NESHAMINY CHEEK BELOW FORKS, PA.

Location. A short distance below the junction of Big and Little Neshaminy creeks.

Records available. 1884 to 1911.

Drainage area. 139 square miles.

Gage. Automatic register.

Discharge measurements. Discharge at high stages determined from a curve

developed from current meter measurements; lower part of rating curve developed

from the computed discharge over a weir. 

Accuracy. Discharge rating curve well defined. 

Cooperation. Records obtained and furnished by Philadelphia Bureau of Water,

Department of Public Works, under the personal supervision of John E. Codman.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Neshaminy Creek below Forks, Pa., for 1911.

Day.

1..............

2.. ............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7... ...........

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Jan.

461.0 

996.0 

2,153.0 

1,731.0 

436.0

436.0 

264.0 

188.0 

168.0 

165.5

191.0 

165.5 

295.0 

314.0 

381.5

313.5 

135.0 

135.0 

135.0 

134.0

. 124.0 

115.0 

105.5 

96.0 

96.0

96.0 

220.7 

438.5 

291.0 

572.3 

238.7

Feb.

174.0 

120.0 

135.0 

1,157.0 

462.0

181.7 

313.6 

246.0 

156.9 

134,5

1445 

233.5 

303.0 

272.5 

201.0

186.5 

139.5 

253.0 

279.5 

185.5

182.5 

192.5 

152.5 

129.0 

246.5

471.0 

438.5 

258.0

.......

Mar.

194.0 

158.5 

129.5 

117.0 

117.0

158.5 

173.0 

133.5 

132.5 

130.5

140.5 

164.0 

165.0 

167.0 

1,662.4

601.5 

285.0 

279.5 

237.5 

254.0

225.0 

170.0 

151.0 

1440 

142.0

129.5 

163.0 

345.0 

168.5 

154.0 

131.5

Apr.

103.5 

95.0 

87.5 

113.5 

517.0

601.5 

239.0 

166.5 

238.0 

3645

186.5 

146.5 

126.0 

141.5 

229.8

175.5 

135.5 

111.5 

126.0 

1,537.0

536.5 

392.5 

364.0 

280.0 

215.0

169.0 

141.5 

129.0 

120.0 

111.0

May.

150.0 

422.0 

140.0 

100.5 

92.0

83.5 

75.0 

71.5 

68.0 

64.0

59.0 

51.5 

49.0 

45.0 

40.0

42.5 

41.5 

35.0 

33.5 

 32.5

31.0 

29.0 

28.0 

24.8 

23.2

26.5 

25.8 

20.3 

19.5 

17.0 

59.0

June.

91.5 

64.5 

37.5 

33.5 

33.5

69.5 

85.5 

52.0 

34.0 

30.0

33.0 

43.0 

61.0 

68.0 

48.0

31.0 

29.0 

30.0 

30.0 

25.0

20.5 

20.5 

22.5 

22.5 

.19.0

19.0 

22.0 

22.0 

23.5 

20.5

July.

14.2 

12.5 

14.2 

14.0 

12.0

11.7 

10.7 

10.3 

10.7 

10.5

8.4 

8.4 

11.7 

11.2 

9.0

9.7 

16.5 

93.3 

42.5 

22.0

22.7 

17.0 

11.7 

13.7 

15.7

16.5 

15.5 

13.5 

12.5 

12.0 

12.5

Aug.

12.2 

11.7 

11.7 

41.7 

48.0

20.0 

15.0 

13.5 

12.2 

11.2

11.5 

12.7 

12.7 

12.0 

248.0

286.0 

58.5 

21.2 

15.2 

15.5

14.7 

14.7 

11.2 

8.7 

71.0

91.5 

88.5 

107.0 

69.5 

111.0 

5,334.0

Sept.

1,469.8 

349.5 

201.0 

151.5 

116.5

101.0 

94.5 

84.0 

76.5 

76.5

297.0 

253.0 

104.5 

77.0 

146.0

212.0 

166.5 

111.5 

87.0 

80.5

64.0 

47.0 

51.0 

51.0 

49.0

49.0 

43.0 

37.5 

96.0 

181.0

Oct.

122.5 

1,493.8 

332.0 

173.0 

131.5

113.0 

132.5 

132.5 

106.5 

91.0

109.0 

121.5 

101.5 

80.0 

73.5

81.0 

79.5 

617.0 

431.8 

342.0

873.3 

602.7 

987.2 

419.5 

276.0

225.0 

193.0 

168.5 

151.0 

139.5 

130.0

Nov.

121.0 

100.0 

89.5 

94.5 

92.5

371.5 

1,027.5 

255.5 

161.0 

139.5

131.5 

173.5 

351.5 

173.5 

693.5

563.0 

242.0 

2,981.3 

566.5 

325.0

298.0 

207.0 

176.0 

1,087.0 

666.5

328.0 

248.5 

312.7 

523.5 

276.0

Dec.

213.0 

189.5 

183.0 

175.5 

166.0

163.0 

160.0 

158.0 

156.0 

141.0

128.5 

130.0 

126.0 

116.5 

450.0

1,017.5 

634.0 

319.5 

235.5 

182.0

166.0 

241.5 

 970.5 

361.5 

240.5

224.5 

779.6 

307.5 

348.5 

293.2 

268.0

of Neshaminy Creek below Forks, Pa., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 139 square miles.]

Month.

April..........................................

July...........................................

December. ....................................

The year ................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,150 

1,160 

1,660 

1,540 

422 

91.5 

93.3 

5,330 

1,470 

1,490 

2,980 

1,020

5,330

Minimum.

96.0 

120 

117 

87.0 

17.0 

19.0 

8.4 

8.7 

37.5 

73.5 

89.5 

116

8.4

Mean.

374 

262 

236 

263 

64.5 

38.0 

16.7 

220 

164 

291 

426 

298

221

Per 

square 

mile.

2.69 

1.89 

1.70 

1.89 

.464 

.273 

.120 

1.58 

1.18 

2.09 

3.06 

2.14

1.59

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

3.10 

1.97 

1.% 

2.11 

.53 

.30 

.14 

1.82 

1.32 

2.41 

3.41 

2.47

21.54
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 179

SCHT7YLKILL RIVER NEAR PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Location. At Fairmount dam, near Philadelphia.

Records available. 1898 to 1911.

Drainage area. 1,920 square miles.

Discharge measurements. Computed daily discharge represents the total flow of

the river as determined from the amount wasted over the flashboards at Fairmount

Dam, the pumpage from the river, the leakage, and the quantity used for power at

Fairmount. 

Diversions. Except for a small amount of water drawn from the Delaware, the

entire water supply for the city of Philadelphia is taken from the Schuylkill. 

Cooperation. Records obtained and furnished by the Philadelphia Bureau of

Water, Department of Public Works, under the personal supervision of John E.

Codman.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Schuylkill River near Philadelphia,, Pa., for 1911.

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7.. .............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

1,630

3,437

8,679

11,157

5,062

3,259

2,636

2,404

2,404

1,803

1,558

1,344

1,140

1,636

2,810

3,138

1,970

1,327

913

1,039

1,039

1,039

903

903

671

537

625

1,336

1,384

1,792

1,407

Feb.

1,069

764

617

1,651

2,462

1,530

967

779

900

845

687

687

920

1,170

1,737

1,185

1,088

1,700

2,126

2,751

2,329

1,527

1,127

901

901

1,540

1,809

1,680

Mar.

1,181

953

864

769

831

891

891

891

769

665

1,221

1,353

1,154

1,020

4,435

2,985

1,613

1,154

1,154

1,154

1,154

1,154

901

610

665

665

908

2,775

3,521

3,026

2,250

Apr.

2,419

2,255

1,610

1,610

3,860

4,189

1,971

1,875

1,947

2,222

2,222

1,791

1,628

1,235

1,963

2,520

2,030

1,411

1,362

4,515

6,421

4,678

4,678

3,785

2,820

2,490

2,025

1,812

1,609

1,533

May.

1,685

1,955

2,242

1,617

1,301

1,358

1,005

976

976

976

857

758

674

7T?

773

462

486

dSR

dSR

486

770

468

397

365

365

365

365

365

365

294

486

June.

1,617

1,507

1,189

760

772

1,038

1,382

1,044

867

<)47

347

1,190

4,447

5,507

1 QQ7

2,709

2,007

I

cjn

1,320

1,023

1,023

636

636

636

Q1 A

636

636

984

769

769

July.

556

284

228

417

592

390

526

1,899

2,044

858

727

601

601

221

399

876

2,239

6,702

2,735

1,323

1,088

1,018

796

861

1,515

824

648

291

370

291

370

Aug.

290

OQfl

290

721

823

832

714

651

566

566

4^4

454

197

373

401

887

457

567

439

738

738

373

108

373

373

346

1,046

1,765

1,468

3,865

20,971

Sept.

23,238

8,200

4,342

2,726

2,143

2,201

1 104

1,319

1,188

1,188

1 Q94

2,000

1,653

1 19Q

1 101

1,656

1,726

1,256

1,113

1,014

558

782

7CO

558

558

558

558

550

558

1,394

Oct.

1,547

6,787

9,660

6,378

4,303

3,954

2,163

2,028

1,870

1,547

1,403

1,547

1,547

1,274

1,148

1,148

1,149

4,750

8,470

4,538

4,327

4,580

6,642

8,337

6,087

4,538

5,079

2 071

2,458

2,509

2,094

Nov.

1,761

2 ft4fi

2,115

1,761

1,528

2,274

4,242

3,470

2,392

1,753

1,670

1,670

1,930

2,270

2,637

3,606

2,642

9,212

8,602

6,162

4,457

4,260

3,051

5,502

6,553

3,822

3,147

3,385

3,385

Dec.

2,885

2,622

2,425

2,592

2,592

2,105

2,105

2,105

2,105

I Qni

1,818

1,666

1,504

1,512

2,457

4,263

6,663

3,852

3,537

3,032

3,032

3,888

5,148

4,751

4,023

3,748

4,158

4,906

4,095

3,252

3,341
180 STJEPACE. WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Monthly discharge ofSchuylkill River near Philadelphia, Pa., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,920 square miles.]

Month.

March. . .......................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

11,200 

2,750 

4,440 

6,420 

2,240 

5,510 

6,700 

21,000 

23,200 

9,660 

9,210 

6,660

23,200

Minimum.

537 

617 

610 

1,240 

294 

310 

221 

197 

550 

1,150 

1,530 

1,500

197

Mean.

2,290 

1,340 

1,410 

2,550 

804 

1,390 

1,040 

1,360 

2,320 

3,770 

3,490 

3,160

2,080

Per 

square 

mile.

1.19 

.698 

.734 

1.33 

.419 

.724 

.542 

.708 

.21 

1.96 

1.82 

1.65

1.08

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.37 

.73 

.85 

1.48 

.48 

.81 

.62 

.82 

1.35 

2.26 

2.03 

1.90

14.70

PERKIOMEN CHEEK NEAR FREDERICK, PA.

Location. About 12 miles above the mouth of the creek and above the East Branch.

Records available. 1884 to 1911.

Drainage area. 152 square miles.

Gage. Automatic register.

Discharge measurements. Discharge at high stages determined from a curve 

developed from current-meter measurements; lower part of rating curve developed from the computed discharge over a weir.

Accuracy. Discharge rating curve well defined.

Cooperation. Records obtained and furnished by Philadelphia Bureau of Water, 

Department of Public Works, under the personal supervision of John E. Codman.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofPerMomen Creek near Frederick, Pa., for 1911.

Day.

1..............

3..............

4..............

5. .............

6..............

7..............

8. .............

9... .......... .

10..............

11..............

12..............

11

14..............

15. .............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22. .............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28.. ........... -

29.............. 

30.............. 

31..............

Jan.

209.0 

1,105.0 

1,743.5 

882.0 

302.0

209.0 

173.0 

148.0 

161.5 

132.0

119.5 

109.0 

269.0 

393.0 

476.0

259.0 

178.0 

139.5 

111.0 

102.5

93.0 

101.5 

111.0 

106.0 

95.0

89.0 

104.5 

, 314.0 

220.0 

358.0 

186.5

Feb.

164.0 

120.0 

107.5 

587.2 

473.2

176.3 

173.0 

157.0 

141.5 

141.5

141.5 

167.5 

209.0 

230.0 

200.0

160.0 

148.5 

382.2 

373.6 

202.0

167.0 

148.5 

145.0 

129.5 

180.0

346.5 

414.0 

265.0

Mar.

171.0 

142.0 

133.0 

125.0 

126.0

132.0 

131.0 

127.0 

135.0 

376.0

425.5 

232.0 

217.5 

202.0 

1,294.3

695.2 

262.0 

254.5 

219.0 

358.0

310.5 

206.0 

164.5 

136.5 

113.0

105.0 

317.0 

495.7 

254.5 

201.0 

165.0

Apr.

128.0 

112.5 

111.5 

131.0

763.5

501.0 

281.0 

209.0 

202.5 

365.5

225.0 

167.0 

139.0 

202.5 

473.5

259.0 

187.0 

152.0 

172.0 

1,552.2

702.5 

335.0 

354.5 

307.5 

227.5

186.0 

164.0 

149.0 

134.0 

122.0

May.

126.0 

240.0 

163.0 

121.0 

107.0

93.0 

87.0 

84.5 

82.0 

79.5

81.0 

80.5 

71.5 

58.5 

58.5

65.0 

60.8 

53.7 

51.3 

48.3

45.8 

46.4 

46.4 

43.7 

43.7

45.8 

45.8 

42.2 

37.1 

36.0 

93.3

June.

305.5 

159.5 

111.0 

93.0 

75.0

518.5 

263.0 

155.0 

101.5 

76.5

55.9 

344.1 

1,071.7 

633.0 

255.0

160.0 

115.0 

98.0 

99.0 

88.5

67.5 

59.0 

55.3 

56.4 

49.5

51.3 

54.9 

55.5 

54.9 

52.5

July.

47.8 

40.1 

41.8 

35.3 

37.2

39.6 

38.6 

149.0 

52.3 

39.2

35.1 

35.1 

29.3 

24.6 

42.6

49.8 

1,168.8 

447.5 

139.0 

99.5

112.5 

128.0 

79.9 

86.9 

118.0

92.0 

60.3 

48.9 

43.9 

40.2 

40.1

Aug.

49.0 

53.7 

46.6 

49.6 

53.2

46.7 

43.2 

41.2 

42.2 

43.7

42.7 

39.6 

35.5 

39.1 

38.6

36.6 

37.5 

46.1 

71.3 

64.3

40.6 

40.1 

39.2 

35.6 

54.3

75.0 

84.5 

98.5 

87.5 

136.0 

2,087.0

Sept.

1,066.0 

313.0 

175.0 

122.5 

96.5

90.0 

83.5 

76.0 

71.0 

75.5

150.2 

114.7 

83.5 

64.0 

100.0

147.0 

127.0 

98.5 

78.5 

64.5

49.2 

49.2 

78.5 

51.7 

38.5

40.6 

38.0 

33.6 

79.9 

124.0

Oct.

121.0 

1,075.6 

224.5 

185.0 

143.0

111.0 

133.0 

142.0 

106.0 

90.0

106.0 

128.0 

108.5 

83.0 

72.0

79.5 

82.0 

2,050.8 

771.3 

404.5

490.5 

586.5 

1,195.0 

467.0 

300.0

236.0 

189.0 

166.0 

152.0 

139.0 

128.0

Nov.

120.0 

109.5 

99.5 

90.0 

78.0

106.0 

 848.5 

273.5 

163.0 

139.0

134.0 

144.0 

318.5 

176.0 

418.5

497.0 

258.5 

2,129.0 

646.7 

354.0

270.0 

230.0 

196.5 

781.5 

757.9

296.5 

 238.0 

230.0 

337.0 

235.5

Dec.

179.0 

156.0 

159.0 

185.0 

154.5

139.5 

139.0 

146.0 

141.0 

135.0

140.0 

132.0 

116.0 

107.5 

465.7

936.2 

626.7 

323.5 

233.6 

135.0

165.0 

236.5 

1,026.3 

435.5 

278.0

241.5 

730.7 

358.5 

204.0 

204.0 

208.5
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 181

Monthly discharge of Perkiomen Creek near Frederick, Pa., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 152 square miles.]

Month.

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,740 

587 

1,290 

1,550 

240 

1,070 

1,170 

2,090 

1,070 

2,060 

2,130 

1,030

2,130

Minimum.

89.0 

108 

105 

112 

36.0 

49.5 

24.6 

35.5 

33.6 

72.0 

78.0 

108

24.6

Mean.

290 

223 

265 

301 

75.4 

178 

111 

119 

126 

331 

356 

285

222

Per 

square 

mile.

1.91 

1.47 

1.74 

1.98 

.496 

1.17 

.730 

.783 

.829 

2.18 

2.34 

1.88

1.46

Kun-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.20 

1.53 

2.01 

2.21 

.57 

1.30 

.84 

.90 

.92 

2.51 

2.61 

2.17

19.77

STJSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN. 

SUSQUBHANNA RIVER AT BINGHAMTON, N. Y.

Location. At the Washington Street Bridge in Binghamton, about 800 feet above 

the mouth of Chenango River. No important tributaries between the station 

and the mouth of Unadilla Creek, about 50 miles upstream.

Records available. July 31, 1901, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of State engineer and surveyor, State of New York.

Drainage area. 2,400 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain fastened to upstream side of bridge, read twice daily: datum 

unchanged.

Channel. Bed composed of rocks and gravel. Current swift but somewhat irregular. 

Channel at times clogged with grass and bars.

Discharge measurements. Usually made at the Exchange Street Bridge, 1,900 

feet above the Washington Street Bridge.

Artificial control. 2,800 feet upstream from the bridge is a timber crib dam affording 6 feet head; used for power development. There is no material control of 

the water by this dam.

Winter flow. As a rule not greatly affected by ice.

Accuracy. Discharge rating curve for low and medium stages is not well developed. 

The measurements plot erratically due to changes in conditions of flow. HighBtage gage heights liable to considerable error because of backwater from ice jams 

which form near Willow Bend and also by backwater from Chenango River. 

Published data not very satisfactory.

Cooperation. Established and maintained in cooperation with the State engineer 

and surveyor of New York.

Discharge measurements of Susquehanna River at Binghamton, N. Y., for 1911.

Date.

Mar. 28

Apr. 21

16

Oct. 60

7

Hydrographer.

C. A. Coekroff...... ......................................................

C. S. De Golyer... .......................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

14.24

4.59

6.14

4.33

2.33

!> 40

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

29,600

6,670

10/700

5,920

1,074

1,580

a Measurements made by wading at Washington Street Bridge.
182 SUBFACE WATEB SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Susquehanna River at Binghamton, N. Y., for 1911. 

[Hugh L. Smith and L. B. Famsworth, observers.]

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3..............

4...............

5.............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18............... 

19............... 

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

4.4

5.1

8.6

8.3

6.3

4.6

4.6

4.1

4.1

3.7

3.5

3.8

4.5

6.0

6.9

5.5

4.1

3.6 

3.5 

3.4

3.35

3.2

3.0

3.0

2.95

2.85

2.85

7.4

6.85

5.5

3.8

Feb.

3.5

3.15

3.35

2.9

3.0

2.8

2.8

2.6

2.85

2.95

2.7

2.75

2.65

2

C

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5 

2.8 

3.0

2.8

2.6

2.6

2.55

2.5

2.4

2.85

2.75

Mar.

3.15

2.8

2.65

2.6

2.85

2.35

2.35

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.8

3.1

3

AK

4

O

4.3

3.85

3.45 

3.25 

3.0

3.05

3.35

4.6

4 9

4.0

4.0

9.0

M O

11.7

8.6

7.0

Apr.

5.4

4.7

4.3

4.1

d. s

8.8

11.6

11.1

8.6

7.4

6.5

6.0

5.6

5.5

7

O

6.7

5.8

5.0 

4.5 

4.6

4.6

4.8

5.0

4.5

4.0

3 7

3.45

3.25

3.1

3.02

May.

2.9

3.15

3.6

3.35

3.15

2.95

2.8

2.75

2.65

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.5

2

00

2.37

2.32

2.30

2.31 

2.29 

2.24

2.21

2.25

2.22

2.36

2.38

9 Q

2.6

2.42

2.34

2.28

2.18

June.

2.26

2.38

2.28

2.28

2.1ft

2.30

2.55

2.65

2.55

2.46

2.42

3.1

5.2

6.2

5.2

4.35

.......

2.8

2.7

2.65

2.6

2.55

2 <ifi

2.36

2.38

2.40

2.37

July.

2.34

2.26

2.24

2.18

2.19

2.25

2.22

2.17

2.11

2.08

2.16

2.12

2.08

2.06

*> nd.

1.99

2.06

2.08 

2.05 

2.06

2.10

2.09

2.02

2.00

2.04

2.00

1.98

2 ns

1.96

1.94

1.91

Aug.

1.92

1.94

1.92

1.90

1.92

1.92

1.95

1.96

1.89

1.90

1.82

1.84

1.88

1.86

1.83

1.82

1.80

1.82 

1.83 

1.84

1.85

1.82

1.85

1.88

1.86

1.92

1.86

1.88

1.97

2.08

2.09

Sept.

2.16

2.16

2.09

2.05

2.01

2.00

2.12

2.12

2.24

2.9

3.1

2.8

2.6

2.48

2.44

2.34

2.28

2.22 

2.22 

2.18

2.13

2.12

2.11

2.10

2.11

2.12

2.12

2.08

2.10

2.20

Oct.

2.24

2.6

2.5

2.43

2.43

2.37

2.6

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.65

2.6

2.5

2.44

2.42

2.37

2.32

2.6 

3.45 

3.5

3.4

3.35

4.4

4.9

4.9

4.4

3.4

3.05

3.0

2.9

Nov.

3.1

3.35

3.25

3.0

2.8

2.75

3.0

3.05

3.15

3.0

2.9

2.8

3.05

3.3

3.2

3.05

3.05

3.7 

4.8 

4.8

4.2

3.9

3.7

3.6

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.8

3.6

Dec.

3.5

3.4

3.2

2.95

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.48

2.8

3.0

3.1

3.3

3.8

3.9

4.8

5.3

5.0 

4.6 

4.5

4.6

4.6

6.0.

5.0

5.0

5.0

4.7

4.0

3.8

3.8

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by backwater from anchor ice about Feb. 3 to Mar. 

10. There was also doubtless some backwater during the remainder of January, February, and March. 

Gage heights were read to the water surface.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Susquehanna River at Binghamton, N. Y.,for 1911.

Day. 

!..........<:-....

2...............

3......'.........

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29.. i-... .........

SO......-...'..... 

31...............

Jan.

6,120

8,040

18,500

17,600

11,500

6,660

6,660

5,320

5,320

4,290

3

7QA

4,540

6,390

in win

13,200

9,160

5,320

A Adrt

3,790

3,540

3,420

3,050

2,570

2,570

2,450

2,220

2,220

14,800

13,100

9,160 

4,540

Feb.

3,790

2,930

2,400

2,000

2,200

1,800

1,500

1 400

1^200

1,100

1,000

1,000

1,000

onn

900

800

800

1,000

1,800

1,500

1,200

1 'onn 000

900

ofifi

1,000

I

ftftn

1,600

Mar.

1,400

1,200

1,100

1,000

1,000

onn

onn

800

800

1,100

1,650

2,100

2,810

S fififi

S iyin

5,850

4,670

3,660

3,170

2,570

2,690

3,420

6,660

7,480

* ftfift

c Afin

19,800

38 100

28*800

18,500 

13,600

Apr.

8,880

6,930

c OCA

5,320

7,200

IQ 9nn

28,400

26,700

18,500

14 snft

f O n/vt

10,600

9 440

9 1AA

14,200

19 finn

10,000

7 7fin

6,390

6,660

6,660

7 OAft

7,760

6 onn

5

AOA

4

OQA

3,170

2,810

2,620

May.

2,330

2,930 d ndn

3,420

2,930

2,450

2,100

1,980

1,760

1,650

I

AAfl

1 440

l'440

1,200

1,180

1,090

1,050

1,070

1,030

936

879

955

898

1,160

1,200

o *yif\

1,650

1 9J2A

1,130

1,010 

826

June.

074

1,200

1,010

1,010

843

1,050

1,540

1,760

1 *4rt

1 Ififi

1,280

2,810

8,320

11,200

8,320

5,980

5,200

4

jon

3,650

2,880

2,100

1,870

1,760

1,650

1 *4rt

I

OfiA

1,160

1,200

1,240

1,180

July.

1,130

874

936

826

843

Q^S

898

809

707

660

7QO

724

660

630

600

527

630

660

615

630

690

675

570

R4n

600

540

514

660

488

462 

423

Aug.

436

462

436

410

436

dSfi

475

ASIA

399

410

322

344

388

366

333

322

300

ooo

333

344

355

355

388

366

436

366

qoo

501

660 

675

Sept.

792

792

675

615

555

540

724

724

936

2,330

2,810

2,100

1,650

1 400

l',320

1,130

1,010

898

898

826

741

724

707

690

707

724

660

690

860

Oct.

936

1,650

1 44fl

1,300

1,300

1,180

1,650

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,760

1,650

1,440

1,320

1,280

1,180

1,090

1,650

3,660

9. 7on

3,540

3,420

6,120

7,480

7 dstn

6,120 4. fun

Q KAf\

2,690

2,570 

2,330

Nov.

2,810

3,420

3,170

2,570

2,100

1,980

2,570

2,690

2,930

2,570

2,330

2,100

2,690

S

oon

3,050

2,690

2,690

A. oon

7,200

7,200

5,580

4 onn

A. 9Qft

d. fun

4

OQA

4 040

3

7QA

3 7Qfi

4

KAf\

4,040

Dec.

3,790

3,540

3,050

2,450

1,870

1,650

1,440

1 Mfl

1,400

2,100

2,570

2,810

3,290

4

KAf\

4,800

7,200

8,600

7,760

6,660

6,390

6,660

6 660

n

' tain

10,600

7,760

7,760

7 7fifl

6,930

5,060

4,540 

4,540

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a fairly well defined discharged rating curve. Daily discharge 

Feb. 3 to Mar. 10 estimated from climatologic records and the discharge from adjacent drainage areas. Dis charge June 17 to 20 interpolated.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 183

Monthly discharge of Susquehanna River at Binghamton, N. Y., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 2,400 square miles.]

Month.

April...................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

18,500 

3,790 

38,100 

28,400 

4,040 

11,200 

1,130 

675 

2,810 

7,480 

7,200 

11,500

38,100

Minimum.

2,220 

800 

800 

2,620 

826 

.843 

423 

300 

540 

936 

1,980 

1,400

300

Mean.

6,920 

1,440 

6,290 

9,670 

1,640 

2,710 

689 

406 

998 

2,670 

3,580 

5,070

3,520

Per

square 

mile.

2.88 

.600 

2.62 

4.03 

.683 

1.13 

.287 

.169 

.416 

1.11 

1.49 

2.11

1.47

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

3.32 

.62 

3.02 

4.50 

.79 

1.26 

.33 

.19 

.46 

1.28 

1.66 

2.43

19.86

Accuracy.

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

B. 

B.

SUSQUEHANNA RIVER AT WILKES-BARRE, PA.

Location. At the Market Street Bridge, Wilkes-Barre.

Records available. March 30,1899, to December 31, 1911, United States Geological 

Survey; 1888 to 1911, by the United States Weather Bureau (gage heights only).

Drainage area. 9,810 square miles.

Gage. The Weather Bureau gage, on which readings were begun in 1888, was on 

the left pier of the bridge. The chain gage established by the United States 

Geological Survey in 1899 was fastened to the bridge and its datum was made 

4 feet lower than the datum of the Weather Bureau gage to avoid negative readings. This datum was soon after adopted by the Weather Bureau. On July 20, 

1910, the Weather Bureau installed a Mott type gage in the same position and at 

the same datum as the chain gage. The datum adopted by the United States 

Geological Survey gage has remained constant. Records obtained by the 

Weather Bureau prior to the adoption of the Geological Survey gage datum 

should have 4 feet added to reduce them to the present datum.

Channel. The station is situated in a deep pool with steep high banks which seldom 

overflow.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Winter flow. Relation between gage height and discharge at this station affected 

by ice during the winter. Water is often backed up many feet by ice gorges.

Accuracy. Conditions of flow subject to change at irregular intervals. A fairly good 

discharge rating curve has been developed.

Cooperation. Discharge measurements at this station are made by the Water Supply 

Commission of Pennsylvania.
1&4 SUBFACE WATEft SUPPLY, l&ll, PABT I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Susquehanna River at Wilkes-Barre, Pa., for 1911. 

[Obadiah Hemstreet, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16. ..............

17. ..............

18...............

19...............

20. ..............

21

22...............

23...............

24. ..............

25...............

26. ..............

27. ..............

28. ..............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

7.4

10.8

9.0

14.0

12.0

10.0

8.1

6.8

7.0

6.8

6.1

5.8

6.3

8.5

12.0

13.2

10.5

8.8

6.8

6.2

6.0

5.8

5.1

5.1

5.2

5.4

5.0

5.0

9

Q

10.9

9 0

Feb.

8.0

6.4

5.9

6.4

6.2

8.0

8.9

7.7

7.5

7.3

6.8

6.3

5.7

4.8

4.2

3.6

3.9

4.2

4.6

7.5

10.0

10.4

9

n

9.0

8.6

8.8

8.8

10.7

Mar.

8.5

6.9

6.2

5.5

4.9

4.8

4.5

4.2

4.3

4.2

4.9

6.9

7.6

8.7

9.2

10.1

8.7

7.5

7.0

6.4

6.1

7-3

8.9

8.3

7.6

7.8

IS 7

17.2

14.2

Apr.

11.8

9

n

8.6

7.8

7.6

9.5

13.6

16.4

16.1

13.9

12.9

U Q

in 9

9.5

10.0

11.1

10.9

9 7

8.7

8.3

9 0

10.2

10.3

10.4

9

0

8.3

7.6

6.0

6.0

5.4

May.

5.65

5.70

5.75

6.60

6.25

5.75

5.30

5.05

4.80

4.55

4.45

4.15

4.00

3.85

3.75

3.70

3.65

3.60

3.55

3.55

S on

3.65

3.50

3.55

3

AK

4. on

A CK

4 10

3.75

3 en

June.

3.45

3.20

3.15

3.50

3.45

3.35

3.30

3.25

4.40

4.15

3.95

5.00

4.75

8.10

9.35

8.45

7.30

6.25

5.90

5.35

4.85

4 ttf\

4.15

4.10

3

QC

3

fiC

3 fin

3.55

3.50

o qc

July.

3.25

3.15

3.15

3.05

2.90

2.75

2.75

2.95

2.85

2.80

2.75

2.75

2.65

2.65

2.70

2.65

2.65

2.55

2.65

2.80

2.85

2.85

2.75

2.75

2 7ft

2.45

2

AK

9 t\%

2.50

2.45

Aug.

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.35

2.30

2.25

2.35

2.25

2.25

2.30

2.25

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.20

2.15

2.05

2.05

2.05

2.30

2.25

2.25

2.25

2.15

2.20

.2.45

2

AK

2 45

3.15

3.90

3.55

Sept.

4.15

3.75

3.45

3.15

2.95

2.95

3.55

3.35

3.05

5.35

4.65

5.35

5.05

4.55

4.15

4.05

3.75

3.45

3.45

3.25

3.15

3

AK

3.05

2.95

2.75

2.75

2

7C

2

7c

2

QC

1 AR

Oct.

3.45

4.05

5.35

,5.25

5.05

4.55

4.55

4.55

4.95

5.15

4.85

4.85

4.95

4.85

4.55

4.35

4.05

4.15

6.35

6.35

6.95

6.85

6.95

7.85

7

QC

6.75

5

QC

5

CK

5 AC.

5.35

5.15

Nov.

4.94

4.84

4.84

4.94

4.94

4.74

4.74

4.94

5.14

5.14

5.04

4.84

4.94

4.94

5.34

5.34

5.14

5.24

5.54

6.04

7.44

6.24

5.84

5 64

5.54

5

KA

5 41

5.54

5.54

Dec.

6.14

6.14

5.64

5.24

5.04

4.84

4.54

4.44

4.44

4.34

4.54

5.04

5.24

5.34

7.84

7.44

9.04

9.34

9.04

8.04

7.14

6.44

6.34

8.24

10.04

9.44

8 44

7 R4.

6.44

6.14

NOTE Gage heights probably not materially affected by backwater from ice Jan. 1 to Feb. 3; ice was 

moving freely Jan. 1. Backwater from ice occurred Feb. 4-13, and Feb. 20-28. There may have been 

slight backwater from ice the first part of March. No ice in December.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Susquehanna River at Wilkes-Barre, Pa., for 1911.

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10. ..............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

Jan.

16,900 

33,500 

24,400 

52,200 

40,000

29,400 

20,100 

14,400 

15,200 

14,400

11,600 

10,500 

12,400 

21,900 

40,200

47,200 

31,900 

23,400 

14,400 

12.000

Feb.

19,600 

12.800 

10,800 

9,010 

7,650

7,260 

6,700 

6,140 

4,500 

5,260

5,600 

5,780 

6,210 

6,930 

5,070

3,500 

4,250 

5,070 

6,280 

7.960

Mar.

21,900 

14,800 

12,000 

9,360 

7,260

6,930 

5,970 

5,070 

5,360 

5,070

7,260 

14,800 

17,800 

22,900 

25,300

29,900 

22,900 

17,400 

15,200 

12.800

Apr.

39,000 

28,800 

22,400 

18,700 

17,800

26,800 

49,700 

68,400 

66,200 

51,600

45,500 

36,200 

30,400 

26,800 

29,400

35,100 

34,100 

27,800 

22,900 

21.000

May.

9,900 

10,100 

10,300 

13,600 

12,200

10,300 

8,650 

7,780 

6,930 

6,120

5,820 

5,660 

4,930 

4,520 

4,120

3,860 

3,740 

3,620 

3,500 

3.380

June.

3,160 

2,600 

2,500 

3,270 

3,160

2,930 

2,820 

2,710 

5,660 

4,930

4,380 

7,600 

6,760 

20,100 

26,100

21,700 

16,500 

12,200 

10,800 

8.820

July.

2,710 

2,500 

2,500 

2,290 

2,000

1,740 

1,740 

2,100 

1,910 

1,820

1,740 

1,740 

1,580 

1,580 

1,660

1,580 

1,580 

1,440 

1,580 

1.820

Aug.

1,290 

1,290 

1,290 

1,160 

1,090

1,030 

1,160 

1,030 

1,030 

1,090

1,030 

915 

915 

915 

970

915 

810 

810 

810 

1.090

Sept.

4,930 

3,860 

3,160 

2,500 

2,100

2,100 

3,380 

2,930 

2,290 

8,820

6,440 

8,820 

7,780 

6,120 

4,930

4,660 

3,860 

3,160 

3,160 

2.710

Oct.

3,160 

4,660 

8,820 

8,480 

7,780

6,120 

6,120 

6,120 

7,430 

8,120

7,100 

7,100 

7,430 

7,100 

6,120

5,510 

4,660 

4,930 

12,600 

12.600

Nov.

7,400 

7,060 

7,060 

7,400 

7,400

6,730 

6,730 

7,400 

8,090 

8,090

7,740 

7,060 

7,400 

7,400 

8,790

8,790 

8,090 

8,440 

9,500 

11.400

Dec.

11,700

11,700 

9,870 

8,440 

7,740

7,060 

6,090 

5,780 

5,780 

5,480

6,090 

7,740 

8,440 

8,790 

18,900

17,100 

24,500 

26,000 

24,500 

19.800
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 185 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Susquehanna River at Wilkes-Barre, Pa., for 1911 Con.

Day.

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29. ..............

30. .............. 

31...............

Jan.

11,200 

10,500 

7,950 

7,950 

8,300

9,000 

7,600 

7,600 

28,800

34,100 

24,400

Feb.

9,430 

8,430 

7,070 

6,960 

6,430

6,700 

7,960 

13,000

Mar.

11,600 

12,400 

16,500 

23,900 

21,000

17,800 

18,700 

50,300 

90,300 

74,300 

53,500

Apr.

28,800 

30,400 

30,900 

31,400 

25,800

21,000 

17,800 

11,200 

11,200 

9,000

May.

3,380 

4,250 

3,620 

3,270 

3,380

3,160 

7,260 

6,120 

4,790 

3,860 

3,270

June.

7,100 

5,970 

4,930 

4,790 

4,380

3,620 

3,500 

3,380 

3,270 

2,430

July.

1,910 

1,910 

1,740 

1,740 

1,660

1,290 

1,290 

1,440 

1,440 

1,360 

1,290

Aug.

1,030 

1,030 

1,030 

915 

970

1,290 

1,290 

1,290 

2,500 

4,250 

3,380

Sept.

2,500 

2,290 

2,290 

2,100 

1,740

1,740 

1,740 

1,740 

2,100 

3,160

Oct.

15,000 

14,600 

15,000 

18,900 

19,400

14,200 

11,000 

9,540 

9,180 

8,820 

8,120

Nov.

17,100 

14,500 

12,100 

10,600 

9,870

9,500 

9,500 

9,140 

9,500 

9,500

Dec.

15,800 

12,900 

12,500 

20,700 

29,600

26,500 

21,600 

19,800 

18,000 

12,900 

11,700

NOTE. Discharge determined from a well-defined curve. No correction made in the discharge for 

January or March for possible effect of ice. Discharge Feb. 4-13 and 20-28 taken as 85 per cent of the discharge at Danville. Discharge for remainder of February considered unaffected by ice.

Monthly discharge of North Branch of Susquehanna River at Wilkes-Barre, Pa., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 9,810 square miles.]

Month.

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

52,200 

19,600 

90,300 

68,400 

13,600 

26,100 

2,710 

4,250 

8,820 

19,400 

17, 100 

29,600

90,300

Minimum.

7,600 

3,500 

5,070 

9,000 

3,160 

2,500 

1,290 

810 

1,740 

3,160 

6,730 

5,480

810

Mean.

20,800 

7,580 

21,600 

30,500 

5,980 

7,090 

1,760 

1,280 

3,640 

9,220 

8,980 

14,300

11,100

Per

square 

mile.

2.12 

.773 

2.20 

3.11 

.610 

.723 

.179 

.130 

.371 

.940 

.915 

1.46

1.13

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.44 

.80 

2.54 

3.47 

.70 

.81 

.21 

.15 

.41 

1.08 

1.02 

1.68

15.31

Accuracy.

A. 

C.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

SUSQUEHANNA RIVER AT DANVILLE, PA.

Location. At the Mill Street Bridge in Danville, 52 miles below Wilkes-Barre and 

11 miles above the mouth of the West Branch of the Susquehanna. No important tributaries enter the Susquehanna within several miles of the station.

Records available. March 25, 1899, to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 11,100 square mrles.

Gage. Chain attached to the bridge March 24, 1905. On March 9, 1904, the bridge 

to which the gage was attached was carried away by an ice freshet and from that 

date until the spring of 1905, when the new steel bridge was completed, observations were made from temporary gages and were constantly liable to error for 

stages less than 5 feet. Except during this period, the datum of the chain gage 

has remained constant.

Channel. Permanent.

Canal. The Susquehanna at this point is paralleled on the north side by the Pennsylvania Canal.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge. No measurement made since 

1909.
186 STTKFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Winter flow. Considerably affected by ice.

Accuracy. An excellent discharge rating curve has been developed. 

Cooperation. Established by United States Geological Survey; now maintained by 

Water Supply Commission of Pennsylvania, which furnishes the table of daily

Daily gage height, in feet, of Susquehanna River at Danville, Pa., for 1911. 

[E. F. Bell, observer.]

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3........... -..

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27......... .....

28...............

29............... 

30...............

31...............

Jan.

8.12

6.22

7.90

12.38

11.45

9.75

7.75

7.10

6.65

6.15

5.62

5.42

5

KA

6.75

9.65

10.80

9.65

7.50

6.60

5.65

5.32

5.15

i on

4.48

4.14

4.02

4 dQ

5.64 

9.20

8.15

Feb.

6.95

5.80

5.00

4 w\

4.20

4.10

3.95

3

OA

3.32

3.55

3.65

3.70

3

OO

3

QC

3

CC

3

OO

3.68

4.10

4.28

4.40

4 AC

4.02

3

QQ

0 QC

4.28

Mar.

6.80

5.30

4 Q9

4.40

4.32

4.12

3

OQ

3.60

3.50

4 08

4.50

5 Oft

6.65

7.45

8.10

7.70

6.70

5

Gf\

H 97

5

On

5.65

6.55

7 00

fi en

6.48

Q V.*.

14.75

12.25

Apr.

9

QC

8.20

7.10

R Hfi

6.44

R QC;

9 70

19 4ft

13.40

11.55

10.35

9

QC

8.45

7 ftft

Q in

8.60

9 AC

ft 99

7.53

7 R9

ft °»tl

8.74

8 7ft

8.74

8

00

7 1f\

6.64

6.00

5.60 

5.30

May.

z Qt;

4 98

4.78

5.15

5.34

5 ftft

4.72

4 A C

A 1ft

4 fl4.

3

(\A

3.80

3.65

3.53

3.45

3.44

3

0A

3.26

3.25

^ 9Q

3

0A

3.25

3.32

3 in

3.08

3.46

4 00

3.60 

3.42

3.22

June.

3.22

3.15

3.12

3.00

3.05

3.15

3.08

Q ni

3.25

3.69

Q K

3.85

4

CA

5.72

7 V>

7.32

6.35

5 7ft

5.02

4.67

4.28

4 00

Q 74

3.56

3

CA

3 41

3.28

Q 14

3.11

2.99

July.

2.92

2.87

2.82

 2.78

2.72

2.63

2.59

0 HI

2.54

2.52

2.46

2

Afi

2.42

2 4ft

2.40

2 JO

2.48

2.41

2 4ft

2.44

3

C1

2 Cft

9 J.7

2.40

2.32

2.28

2.25 

2.24

2.25

Aug.

2.26

2.20

2.46

2.32

2.18

2.13

2.12

2.12

2.10

2.08

2.01

1.94

9 nn

2.02

2.00

2.02

1 97

1.93

1.88

1.90

1.92

9 nn

1.94

1 94

2.42

2.35

3.70 

4.62

4.34

Sept.

4.65

4.20

3.75

3.28

3.12

3.16

3.40 Q in

3.30

3.88

4.78

4.52

A 79

4 30

3 OS

Q 7S

3.37

3.22

3.12

3 AC

**2.98

2.86

2.75

2.70

2.68

2.64

2.64

2.72

2 OH

Get.

3.00

3.98

4.82

4.60

4.70

4.30

4.05

4 08

4.05

4.52

4.38

4.26

4.22

4.22

4.18

3.92

3 on

4.07

5.28

<; Kit

6.00

6.14

6.62

7.23

7.02

6.85

6.26

5.63

5.17 

4.88

4.66

Nov.

4 49

4.27

4.35

4.51

4.46

4.24

4.18

4 SO

4.38

4.46

4.48

4.40

4 49

4.44

A. A.*.

4 60

4.61

4.60

4.80

5

A(\

6.00

6.25

5.60

5.30

5.15

A OR

4.82

4 7<;

4.60 

4.62

Dec.

4.72

5.25

5.00

4.68

4.40

4.28

4.10

4.02

3.88

3.88

3.90

3.98

4.38

4.55

5.10

6.47

7 Q1

7.83

7.75

6.65

6.10

«.35

6.70

6.75

8.10

8.05

7.65

7.10

6.55 

6.17

5.40

NOTE. Probably considerable backwater from ice from about Jan. 1 to 9, but none for remainder of 

January. Slight backwater at times during February and the first part of March. No ice during 

December.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Susquehanna River at Danville, Pa., for 1911.

[E. F. Bell, observer.]

Day.

1... ............

2...............

3. .............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

Jan.

18,000 

19,200 

29,400 

60,000 

45,000

35,000 

25,000 

18,000 

18,000 

18,800

16,000 

14,900 

15,300 

22,200 

42.900

Feb.

23,400 

16,900 

12,800 

10,600 

9,000

8,550 

7,880 

7,220 

5,300 

6,200

6,600 

6,800 

7,310 

7,440 

6.200

Mar.

22,500 

18,800 

14,300 

12,400 

9,920

9,550 

8,640 

7,570 

C,400 

6,000

8,460 

10,400 

17,500 

21,600 

26.500

Apr.

45,500 

31,500 

24,300 

20,800 

20,400

23,400 

43,300 

69,100 

78,600 

60,000

49,000 

40,400 

33,300 

29,300 

30.800

May.

14,600 

12,700 

11,700 

13,600 

14,500

12,800 

11,400 

10,200 

8,910 

8,280

7,840 

7,220 

6,600 

6,120 

5.800

June.

4,920 

4,660 

4,550 

4,120 

4,300

4,660 

4,410 

4,160 

5,030 

6,760

5,800 

7,440 

10,400 

16,500 

26.900

July.

3,850 

3,680 

3,520 

3,400 

3,200

2,930 

2,810 

2,620 

2,590 

2,670

2,620 

. 2,460 

2,460 

2,350 

2.510

Aug.

1,970 

1,830 

2,460 

2,110 

1,790

1,680 

1,660 

1,660 

1,620 

1,580

1,440 

1,310 

1,420 

1,460 

1.420

Sept.

11,100 

9,000 

7,010 

5,140 

4,550

4,700 

5,600 

5,600 

5,220 

7,570

11,700 

10,500 

11,400 

9,460 

8.010

Oct.

4,120 

8,010 

11,900 

10,900 

11,300

9,460 

8,320 

8,460 

8,320 

10,500

9,830 

9,280 

9,090 

9,090 

8.910

Nov.

10,300 

9,320 

9,690 

10,400 

10,200

9,180 

8,910 

9,460 

9,830 

10,200

10,300 

9,920 

10,000 

10,100 

10.200

Dec.

11,400 

14,100 

12,800 

11,200

9,920

9.370 

8,550 

8,190 

7,570 

7,570

7,660 

8,010 

9,830 

10,600 

13.300
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 187 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Susquehanna River at Danville, Pa., for 1911 Contd.

Day.

16.. ............

17...............

18...............

19... ..........

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30............... 

31...............

Jan'.

53,000 

42,900 

26,800 

21,300 

16,100

14,400 

13,600 

12,300 

10,300 

9,180

8,730 

8,190 

10,100 

16,100 

39,100 

31,100

Feb.

5,680 

5,330 

6,720 

8,550 

9,370

11,100 

9,920 

8,320 

8,190 

7,570

7,880 

9,370 

15,300

Mar.

30,800 

28,100 

21,900 

18,000 

15,900

14,200 

13,800 

16,100 

21,100 

23,700

20,800 

20,700 

42,000 

93,500 

87,300 

66,800

Apr.

34,400 

37,900 

31,600 

27,000 

27,600

32,500 

35,400 

35,100 

35,400 

32,300

25,600 

21,600 

18,000 

15,900 

14,300

May.

5,760 

5,220 

5,070 

5,030 

5,180

5,220 

5,030 

5,300 

4,770 

4,480

4,410 

5,840 

8,100 

6,400 

5,680 

4,920

June.

25,700 

19,900 

16,400 

12,900 

11,200

9,370 

8,100 

6,970 

6,240 

6,000

5,640 

5,140 

4,620 

4,520 

4,090

July.

2,300 

2,350 

2,510 

2,330 

2,300

2,400 

2,590 

2,700 

2,560 

2,480

2,300 

2,110 

2,010 

1,940 

1,920 

1,940

Aug.

1,460 

1,370 

1,290 

1,210 

1,240

1,280 

1,420 

1,420 

1,310 

1,310

1,940 

2,350 

2,180 

6,800 

11,000 

9,640

Sept.

7,140 

5,490 

4,920 

4,550 

4,300

4,050 

3,520 

3,650 

3,300 

3,140

3,080 

2,960 

2,960 

3,200 

3,950

Oct.

7,750 

7,220 

8,420 

14,200 

16,300

18,000 

18,800 

21,500 

25,100 

23,800

22,800 

19,400 

16,000 

13,600 

12,200 

11,100

Nov.

10,900 

10,900 

10,900 

11,800 

14,800

18,000 

19,400 

15,900 

14,300 

13,600

12,600 

11,900 

11,600 

10,900 

11,000 

.......

Dec.

20,600 

25,600 

29,000 

28,400 

21,600

18,500 

19,900 

21,900 

22,200 

30,800

30,400 

27,800 

24,300 

21,100 

18,900 

14,800

NOTE. Discharge determined from a well-defined rating curve. Discharge reduced account of probable backwater from ice Jan. 1 and 4 to 9. The remainder of January, February, and March not corrected 

for possible effect of ice.

Monthly discharge of Susquehanna River at Danville, Pa,, for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 11,100 square miles.]

Month.

May. ...................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

060,000 

23,400 

93,500 

78,600 

14,600 

26,900 

3,850 

11,000 

11,700 

25,100 

19,400 

30,800

93,500

Minimum.

8,190 

5,300 

6,000 

14,300 

4,410 

4,090 

1,920 

1,210 

2,960 

4,120 

8,910 

7,570

1,210

Mean.

23,600 

9,120 

23,700 

34,100 

i 7,700 

8,710 

2,590 

2,340 

5,890 

12,700 

11,600 

17,000

13,300

Per

square 

mile.

2.13

.822 

2.14 

3.07 

.694 

.785 

.233 

.211 

.531 

1.14 

1.05 

1.53

1.20

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.46 

.86 

2.47 

3.42 

.80 

.88 

.27 

.24 

.59 

1.31 

1.17 

1.76

16.23

Accuracy.

B. 

B.

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A.

a Estimated on account of ice. 

SUSQUEHANNA EIVEE AT HABEISBURG, PA.

Location. At the Walnut Street Bridge at Harrisburg, 2 miles below the mouth of 

Conodoguinet Creek and 1£ miles above the mouth of Paxton Creek.

Records available. 1890 to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 24,000 square miles.

Gage. The original gage established in 1890 by E. Mather, president of the Harrisburg water board, is located in the pump well at the pump house of the city 

waterworks, the well being connected with the river by two large mains. On 

July 18, 1904, a chain gage was installed on the Walnut Street Bridge. The 

datums of both gages have remained constant since their establishment. 1

Channel. Fairly permanent. The river is divided into two channels by Foster 

Island which is overflowed at flood stages.

i For full information regarding the two gages and changes in conditions of flowysee Water-Supply 

Papers U. 8. Qeol. Survey Nos. 109 and 167.
188 SUKFACE WATEK SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge. No measurement has been

made since 1908.

Winter flow. Relation between gage height and discharge affected by ice. 

Accuracy. Conditions of flow relatively permanent; a good discharge rating curve

has been developed. 

Cooperation. Since July 15, 1906, gage readings have been furnished by the United

States Weather Bureau.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Susguehanna River at Harrisburg, Pa., for 1911. 

[E. R. Denman, observer.]

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27. ..............

28...............

29...............

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

3.18

3.94

4.58

6.64

8.29

6.64

5.52

4.02

3.73

3.80

3.47

3.38

4.32

7.08

11.27

8.98

6.86

5.49

4 7Q

4.31

3.93

3.60

3.42

3.09

2.88

2.72

2.62

3.04

5.16 

5.99

Feb.

5.45

4.93

4.10

3.80

3.38

3.21

2.70

2.68

2.60

2.51

2.38

2.40

2.51

2.59

2.91

3.05

3.05

3.29

3.88

4.33

4.30

4.06

3.61

3.37

3.15

3.14

3.23

Mar.

4.13

4.47

3.82

3.69

3.35

3.09

2.86

2 fiQ

2.55

2.44

2.61

2.93

3.44

4.06

4.41

4 64

4 89

4.61

3.88

3.76

3.69

3.62

3.78

4.41

5.27

9 OK

9.76 

8.40

Apr.

7.12

6.02

5.26

4.72

4.61

5.02

5.87

7 Q7

8.96

8.35

7.33

6.75

6.07

5.62

5.47

6.05

6.43

6.21

S

en

5.37

6.48

7.27

7.52

7 %

7.11

6.40

5.68

5.11

4 64

4.32

May.

4.02

3.82

3.78

3.66

3.65

3.57

3.34

3.09

2.92

2.76

2.64

2.58

2.46

2.37

2.24

9 14

2.10

2.04

1 99

1 99

1 Q4

2.04

1.97

2.11

2.05

1 Q9

1.90

1.94

2.16

2.02 

1.97

June.

1.87

1.80

1 79

l.W

1.7&

1.76

1.81

1.82

1.78

1.87

2.04

2.00

2.04

2.59

3.83

4.38

3.52

3

f\A

'2.71

9 4fi

2.26

2.09

1 Q7

1.89

1 7Q

1.74

1.76

1.66

1.72

July.

1.65

1.55

1.40

1.32

1.22

1.13

1.09

1.09

1.03

.94

.93

.91

.89

.87

.82

OR

1.03

.99

1.07

1.02

94

.87

.88

95

.93

on

.85

.82

.72

.71 

.69

Aug.

0.62

.61

.88

1.42

1.38

1.05

QQ

1.10

1.00

.90

.78

fiQ

.61

.57

.57

TO

60

.61

.59

AQ

AX

.52

.52

.52

.67

.88

1.14

1.22

1 Q^

3.88 

5.30

Sept.

5.66

4.88

3 93

3.12

2.62

2.32

2.33

2.64

2 7Q

3.81

6.25

5.39

4.41

3.88

3.58

4.32

4.90

5.34

4.33

3.58

3.15

2.87

2.58

2.42

2.26

2.13

2.06

1 91

1 Q4

2.27

Oct.

2.58

4.28

6.68

7.68

5.71

4.91

4.38

4.50

4.41

4.21

3.89

3.62

3.41

3.26

3.09

2.88

3.30

4.42

4.75

4.75

4.58

4.65

5.38

5.35

4.90

4.62

4.22

3.86

3.58 

3.33

Nov.

3.23

3.06

2.97

2.87

2.86

2.80

2.90

3.08

3.29

3.27

3.30

3.22

3.10

3.28

3.34

3.26

3.39

3.38

3.59

4.20

4.41

4.62

4.44

4.07

3.81

q 7«

3.52

3.41

3.31

3.22

Dec.

3.18

3.15

3.33

3.24

3.08

2.94

2.78

2.65

2.56

2.51

2.54

2.58

2.68

2.84

3.19

4.18

5.74

6.85

6.72

6.09

5.38

4.84

4.65

5.04

5.40

5.69

5.60

5.52

5.32

5.02 

4.78

NOTE. River frozen Jan. 1 and Jan. 2 until 6 p. m.. when the ice broke, there probably being no 

further material backwater from ice during the remainder of the whiter. No ice in December.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pa., for 1911.

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8.... ...........

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

Jan.

15,000 

32,000 

45,100 

79,900 

111,000

79,900 

60,400 

49,200 

36,700 

32,600

33,600 

29,000 

27,900 

41,000 

88.100

Feb.

59,200 

50,700 

37,800 

33, 600 

27,900

25,800 

19,900 

19,700 

18,800 

17,900

16,600 

16,800 

17,900 

18,700 

22.200

Mar.

38,200 

43,300 

33,900 

32, 100 

27,500

24,300 

21,700 

19,800 

18,300 

17,200

18,900 

22,500 

28,700 

37,200 

42.400

Apr.

88,900 

68,800 

56,100 

47,300 

45,600

52,100 

66,200 

105,000 

124,000 

112,000

92,900 

82,000 

69,600 

62,000 

69.600

May.

36,700 

33,900 

33,300 

31,600 

31,500

30,400 

27,400 

24,300 

22,400 

20,500

19,200 

18,600 

17,400 

16,500 

15.300

June.

12,100 

11,600 

11,500 

11,300 

11,400

11,300 

11,600 

11,700 

11,400 

12,100

13,500 

13,200 

13,500 

18, 700 

34.000

July.

10,400 

9,740 

8,740 

8,230 

7,610

7,080 

6,860 

6,860 

6,520 

6,040

5,980 

5,870 

5,770 

5,670 

5.410

Aug.

4,470 

4,420 

5,720 

8,870 

8,610

6,640 

6,310 

6,910 

6,360 

5,820

5,210 

4,780 

4,420 

4,250 

4.250

Sept.

62,700 

49,900 

35,400 

24,700 

19,000

16,000 

16,100 

19,200 

20,900 

33,700

72,800 

58,200 

42,400 

34,700 

30.500

Oct.

18,600 

40,400 

80,700 

99,500 

63,500

50,400 

41,900 

38,400 

43,800 

42,400

39,400 

34,900 

31,100 

28,300 

26.400

Nov.

26,000 

24,000 

22,900 

21,800 

21,700

21,000 

22,100 

24,200 

26,800 

26,500

26,900 

25,900 

24,400 

26,600 

27.400

Dec.

25,400 

25,000 

27,300 

26,100 

24,200

22,600 

20,800 

19,300 

18,400 

17,900

18,200 

18,600 

19,766 

21,400 

25.500
NOKTH ATLANTIC COAST. 189 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pa., for 1911 Con.

Day.

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

174.000 

125,000 

84,000 

59,900 

48,400

40,800 

35,400 

30,800 

28,400 

24,300

21,900 

20,100 

19,000 

23,700

68,200

Feb.

23,900 

23,900 

26,800 

34,700 

41,200

40,700 

37,200 

30,900 

27,800 

25,000

24,900 

26,000 

28,700

-------

Mar.

46,000 

50,"000 

45,600 

39,200 

34,700

33,000 

32,100 

31,100 

33,300 

40,600

42,400 

39,800 

56,300 

132,000 

141,000 

113,000

Apr.

69,300 

76,100 

72,100 

61,500 

57,900

77,000 

91,700 

96,500 

94,000 

88,700

75,500 

63,000 

53,600 

46,000 

41,000

May.

14,400 

14,000 

13,500 

13,100 

13,100

12,700 

13,500 

12,900 

14,100 

13,600

12,500 

12,300 

12,700 

14,600 

13,300 

12,900

June.

41,900 

36,500 

29,700 

23,700 

20,000

17,400 

15,500 

13,90a 

12,900 

12,300

11,500 

11, 100 

11,300 

10,500 

11,000

July.

5,980 

6,520 

6,310 

6,740 

6,470

6,040 

5,670 

5,720 

6,090 

5,980

5,820 

5,560 

5,410 

4,930 

4,880 

4,780

Aug.

4,040 

4,380 

4,420 

4,340 

3,920

3,760 

4,040 

4,040 

4,040 

4,700

5,720 

7,140 

7,610 

12,600 

34,700 

56,800

Sept.

41,000 

50,200 

57,400 

41,200 

30,500

25,000 

21,800 

18,600 

17,000 

15,500

14,300 

13, 700 

12,400 

12,700 

15,600

Oct.

24,300 

21,900 

26,900 

42,500 

47,800

47,800 

45,100 

46,200 

58, 100 

57,600

50,200 

45,700 

39,500 

34,400 

30,500 

27,300

Nov.

26,400 

28,000 

27,900 

30, 700 

39,200

42,400 

45,700 

42,800 

37,400 

33,700

32,200 

29,700 

28,300 

27,000 

25,900

Dec.

38,900 

64,000 

83,800 

81,400 

70,000

58,100 

49,200 

46,200 

52,500 

58,400

63,200 

61,700 

60,400 

57,100 

52,100 

48,300

NOTE. Discharge determined from a well-defined rating curve. Discharge Jan. 1 and 2 reduced for 

effect of ice. No further corrections made for effect of ice during remainder of 1911.

Monthly discharge of Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pa., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 24,000 square miles.]

Month.

April...................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

174,000 

59,200 

141, 000 

124,000 

36,700 

41,900 

10,400 

56,800 

72,800 

99,500 

45,700 

83,800

174,000

Minimum.

15,000 

16,600 

17,200 

41,000 

12,300 

10,500 

4,780 

3,760 

12,400 

18,600 

21,000 

17,900

3,760

Mean.

52,200 

28,400 

43,100 

73,200 

19,100 

16,300 

6,440 

8,170 

30,800 

42,800 

28,800 

41,200

32,500

Per 

square 

mile.

2.18 

1.18 

1.80 

3.05 

.796 

.679 

.268 

.340 

1.28 

1.78 

1.20 

1.72

1.35

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.51 

1.23 

2.08 

3.40 

.92 

.76 

.31 

.39 

1.43 

2.05 

1.34 

1.98

18.40

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

CHBNANGO RIVER AT BINGHAMTON, N. Y.

Location. At the Court Street Bridge, Binghamton, N. Y., 300 feet below Noyea 

dam, about 2,500 feet above the junction with the Susquehanna, and 14 miles 

below the mouth of Tioughnioga River, coming in from the right.

Records available. July 31, 1901, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of New York State engineer and surveyor.

Drainage area. 1,530 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain, fastened to the upstream side of the bridge; read twice 

daily; datum unchanged.

Channel. Bed of river composed of cobble and gravel; fairly permanent. Very 

little vegetation at the bridge except at the sides.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Winter flow. As a rule not greatly affected by the presence of ice, although at times 

ice jams form on the control point below the gage.
190 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAET I.

Diversion. In estimating the run-off of the Chenango River basin the area directly 

tributary to the storage reservoirs, from which water is diverted to supply the Erie 

Canal is deducted from the total natural drainage area. The diversion area of 

six reservoirs at the head of Chenango River, whose outflow is turned into the river 

canal through Limestone Creek, is 30 square miles. The diversion area of De 

Ruyter reservoir at the head of Tioughnioga River,'whose outflow is turned into 

Limestone Creek, is 18 square miles. These two drainage areas have been subtracted from the natural drainage area of 1,580 square miles, giving an effective 

area of 1,532 square miles. This estimate is approximate, as no allowance has 

been made for direct inflow to the feeder channels from additional areas nor for 

waste into the original stream. The gross area, from which more or less run-off 

is diverted, is about 105 square miles.

Accuracy. Relation between gage height and discharge at times affected by backwater from Susquehanna River (at high stage) and ice jams on control point. At 

ordinary stages a slight riffle a short distance downstream from the bridge cuts off 

backwater from the Susquehanna. 1911 measurements have defined two rating 

curves, one of which is quite different from any hitherto used. Records can not 

be considered better than fair.

Cooperation. Station established and maintained in cooperation with the State 

engineer and surveyor of New York.

Discharge measurements of Chenango River at Binghamton, N. Y., in 1911.

Date.

Mar. 29

21

16

Sept. 28

Oct. 4o

Hydrographer.

.....do....................................................................

C. S. De Golyer ..........................................................

.....do....................................................................

C. S. De Golyer ..........................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

16.30

12.60

7.90

9.39

7.16

5.54

5.95

Discharge.

Sec.-ft . 

24,200

16,000

4,080

5,250

2,290

468

849

a Measurement made partly by wading under Court Street Bridge.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chenango River at Binghamton, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[Hugh L. Smith and A. L. La Eoche, observers.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

n. ..............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

Jan.

7.6

8.4

12.2

11.8

9.4

8.1

8.0 7.'6

7.6

7.2

R QH

7.3

8.1

9.4

10.2

8.6

7.4

7.1

7.0

6.9

Feb.

7.15

7.1

6.7

6.5

6.55

6.0

6.05

6.15

6.35

6.2

6.15

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.0

5.9

6.0

6.2

6.65

6.35

Mar.

6.25

6

JC

6.3

6.15

6 4

6.0

6.0

i» Q

5.85

6.05

6.3

6.3

6.8

7.4

8.1

Q A

7.1

7 f>

6.75

6.8

Apr.

8.9

8.3

7.7

7.6

8.5

12.4

15.5

14.8

12.2

11.0

10.0

9 6

9 7

9.2

11.0

-t(\ Q

9 9

8.4

7 Q

8.0

May.

6.45

7.0

7.3

6.85

6.6

6.4

6.25

6.2

6.1

6.05

6.0

5.%

5

0*7

5.82

i» 7Q

t. 74

f, 79

5

*79

5.70

5.70

June.

5.95

6.15

5 97

5.84

5.82

6.25

6.65

6.4

6.2

5.96

5 Q

7.0

8

0

9 9

8.0

6

Qc

6 QC

6.55

6

9K

6.05

July.

5.46

5.36

5.36

5.33

5.48

5.58

5.48

5.34

5.34

5

9J

5.28

5 9A

5.20

5.10

5.16

S on

5

QA

5

09

5.64

Aug.

5.29

5.18

5.18

5.28

5.18

5.18

5.36

5.32

5.32

5.42

5.28

5.22

5.19

5.39

5.36

H 41

5.70

5.56

5.49

5.26

Sept.

5.74

5 fid.

5.58

5.53

5 49

5.58

6.2

6.15

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.5

6.25

6.0

6.0

5.88

5.86

5.76

5.66

Oct.

6.55

5.81

6.05

5.89

6.20

6.05

6.35

6.65

6.4

6.0

6.1

6.2

6 9

6.05

5

QQ

5 Q4

5

O

6.4

7.6

7.1

Nov.

7.2

6.85

6.55

6.45

6.3

6.3

6.7

6 9

6.65

6 45

6.4

6.35

7 9

6 9

6.7

6.6

 7 *>

8

1

8.1

Dec.

7.3

7.0

6.85

6.65

6.5

6.4

6.3

6.3

6.8

7.0

7.5

8

0

Q Q

Q A.

8 9

Q °.

Q Q

8 ft
ETOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 191 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chenango River at Singhamton, N. Y.,for 1911 Contd.

Day.

21............... 

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29. ..............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

6.8 

6.7

6.6

6.2

6.4

6.45

11.3

10.5

8.9

7.4

Feb.

6.1 

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.05

6.15

6.4

6.55

.......

Mar.

6.7 

7.0

8.6

8.3

7.4

7.6

12.9

18.1

15.3

12.1

10.5

Apr.

7.9 

8.0

8.3

7.9

7.4

7.1

6.9

6.7

6.55

6.45

May.

5.70 

5.68

5.63

6.35

7.1

6.7

6.35

6.10

5.94

5.80

5.74

June.

5.88 

5.77

5.68

5.72

5.68

5.57

5.58

5.66

5.67

5.54

July.

5.60

5.54

5.49

5.53

5.47

5.54

5.44

5.44

5.34

5.17

5.35

Aug.

5.44 

5.35

5.35

5.35

5.34

5.38

5.46

5.39

5.74

6.05

5.97

Sept.

5.64 

5.56

5.62

5.60

5.60

5.61

5.50

5.32

5.54

5.46

Oct.

6.9

6.75

8.2

8.2

7.4

6.95

6.8

6.65

6.45

6.35

6.5

Nov.

7.5 

7.3

6.95

6.9

7.0

6.9

6.8

6.8

7.8

7.8

Dec.

"6.T

10.0

10.0

8.9

8.6

8.6

8.2

6.85

6.55

6.5

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge probably affected by anchor ice from Feb. 7 to Mar. 11. 

There was also undoubtedly some backwater for orief periods during the remainder of January, February, 

and March. Gage heights were taken to water surface.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Chenango River at Binghamton, N. Y'.,for 1911.

Day.

1... ............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

3,530

5,020

13,900

12,900

7,130

4,430

4,240

3,530

3,530

2,870

2,480

3,030

4,430

7,130

8,920

5,430

3,190

2,710

2,550

2,400

2,250

2,100

1,950

1 360

1,650

1 *SV\

1,720

1,600

9,630 

6,060 

3,190

Feb.

2,790

2,710

2,100

1,800

1,880

1,080

900

900

800

800

700

700

700,

700

650

600

900

1,200

1,600

1,300

1,100

900

800

700

800

1,000

1,400

1,200

Mar.

1,000

900

900

800

800

700

700

600

600

900

1,200

1,500

2,250

3,190

4,430

4,240

2,710

2,870

2,180

2,250

2,100

2,550

^5,430

4,820

3,190

3,530

15,800

31,200

22,600 

13,600 

9,630

Apr.

6,060

4,820

3,700

3,530

5,220

14,400

23,200

21,200

13,900

10,800

8,460

7,570

6,480

6,690

10,800

9,150

6,690

5,020

4 060

4^240

4,060

4,240

4,820

4,060

3,190

2,710

2,400

2,100

1,880 

1,720

May.

1,720

2,550

3,030

2,320

1,950

1,650

1,430

1,360

1,220

1,150

1,080

1,030

927

872

840

787

766

766

745

745

745

725

675

1 <&f\

2,710

2 inn

i py*ft

1,220

1,010

850 

787

June.

1,020

1,290

1,040

894

872

1,430

2,020

1,650

1,360

1,030

960

2,550

3,960

5,440

3

Krtn

2,020

2,020

1,510

1,160

945

770

663

582

618

582

486

A.QA

564

573

462

July.

398

322

322

301

414

494

414

308

308

238

266

266

252

210

150

186

100

790

710

546

510

462

422

454

406

462

382

382

308 

192 

315

Aug.

273

198

198

266

198

198

322

294

294

366

266

224

204

343

322

358

600

478

422

252

382

315

315

315

308

336

398

343

636 

945 

860

Sept.

636

546

494

454

422

494

1,110

1,060

1,720

2,770

2,080

1,450

1,450

1,160

890

890

770

750

654

564

546

478

528

510

510

Kin

430

294

462 

398

Oct.

1,510

700

945

780

1,110

945

1,280

1,630

1,330

890

1,000

1,110

1,110

945

870

830

690

1,330

2,910

2,210

1,950

1,760

3,800

3,800

2,630

2,020

1,720

1,630

1,390 

1,280 

1 j>ai

Nov.

2,350

1 780

1^510

1,390

1,220

1,220

1,690

i o>ai

1,630

1,390

1,330

1,280

2,350

1,950

1,690

1,630

1,570

2,350

3,650

3,650

2,770

2,490

2,020

1,950

2,080

i Qsn

1,720

1,720

3,200 

3,200

Dec.

2,490

2 ncn

1,780

1.630

1,450

1,330

1,220

1,220

1,220

1,720

2,080

2,770

3,960

3,960

3,500

4,930

5,610

4,930

4,440

3,610

2,780

1,950

6,850

6,850

4,930

4 440

4,' 440

3,800

1,780 

1,510 

1,450

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from two discharge rating curves, the first applicable Jan. 1 to June 

12, the second applicable June 13 to Dec. 31. Both curves are fairly well defined at low and medium stages, 

but at high stages are somewhat uncertain, owing to variable effect of backwater from Susquehanna River. 

Discharge Feb. 7 to Mar. 11 estimated from climatologic records and the discharge from adjacent drainage 

areas. Discharge Dec. 20 and 21 interpolated.
192 STJBFACE WATEK SUPPLY, 1911, PAKT I.

Monthly discharge of Chenango River at Binghamton, N. Y., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,530 square miles.]

Month.

July.....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

13,900 

2,790 

31,200 

23,200 

3,030 

5,440 

790 

945 

2,770 

3,800 

3,650 

6,850

31,200

Minimum.

1,360 

600 

600 

1,720 

675 

462 

100 

198 

294 

690 

1,220. 

1,220

100

Mean.

4,400 

1,170 

4,810 

6,910 

1,320 

1,420 

364 

362 

835 

1,530 

2,020 

3,120

2,360

Per 

square 

mile.

2.88 

.765 

3.14 

4.52 

.863 

.928 

.238 

.237 

.546 

1.00 

1.32 

2.04

1.54

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

3.32 

.80 

3.62 

5.04 

.99 

1.04 

.27 

.27 

.61 

1.15 

1.47 

2.35

20.93

Accuracy.

B. 

C. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

CHEMUNG RIVER AT CHEMTJNG, N. Y.

Location. About midway between Chemung, N. Y., and Willawana, Pa., about 

half a mile upstream from the State line, and about 10 miles above the junction 

with the Susquehanna.

Records available. September 7, 1903, to December 31, 1911. Data also in annual 

reports of New York State engineer and surveyor.

Drainage area. 2,440 square miles.

G-age. Tape-and-weight, read twice daily. The suspension bridge to which the 

gage was originally attached was removed during the summer of 1911, and on 

April 19, 1911, the gage was placed 250 feet upstream from the bridge. Gage 

readings were begun on the temporary gage, April 20, 1911. The suspension 

bridge is being replaced by a 2-span steel truss bridge, to which the gage will be 

attached. Datum unchanged up to the time of the removal of the bridge.

Channel. Right bank high, clear, and not subject to overflow; left bank of medium 

height, wooded and overflowed at times of high water. Bed of river composed of 

sand and gravel; clear and fairly permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge.

Winter flow. Affected by backwater caused by needle ice.

Artificial control. Largest water power development on the river is at Elmira, 

N. Y. No dams on the river between Elmira and the mouth of the Chemung.

Accuracy. Conditions for accurate determination of discharge during the open 

period only fair. Determination of discharge during the winter months liable to 

be considerably in error as a result of backwater caused by needle ice. Estimates of daily discharge for 1911 withheld pending confirmation of the discharge 

rating curve for the new section.

Cooperation. Established and maintained by the United States Geological Survey 

in cooperation with the New York State engineer and surveyor.

Discharge measurements of Chemung River at Chemung, N. Y. , in 1911.

Date.

Apr. 20

Oct. 5

Hydrographer.

C. S. DeGolyer... ........................................................

height.

Feet. 

«5.25

63.47

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

4,370

1,290

a Gage moved on account bridge being torn down. Gage height referred to old datum.

fr Measurement made by wading about \ mile below bridge. Gage height referred to old datum.
NOETH ATLANTIC COAST. 193

Daily gage height, in feet, of Chemung River at Chemung, N. Y.,for 1911. 

[D. L. Orcutt, observer.]

Day.

1. ...........

2............

3............

4............

5.............

6.............

7.............

10.............

11.............

12.............

13.............

14.............

15.............

16.............

17.............

18.............

19.............

20.............

21.............

22.............

23.............

24.............

25.............

26.............

27.............

28.............

29.............

30............. 

31.............

Jan.

7 Q

5.8

4 5

4.0

1 OR

4.1

3.6 ^ is

3.25'

3.6

5.7

5.0

8 7

6.2

4 7

4.2

3. 95

3.8

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.1

3.0

3.0

2.95

5.2

6.1

5.1 

4.3

Feb.

3.6

3.65

3.35

3 1

3.15

Q n

2.85

3

0

3 1

3 1

2 0

2.85

2.7

2.65

2.45

2 A

2.65

3.35

5.9

4.8

3.95

3.65

3.55

3.45

3.45

3.5

6.6

6.9

.......

Mar.

5.1

4.4

4.1

3.7

3.5

3 A

3.15

3.05

3

O

3.75

5.4

6.3

3 A

6.4

6.4

5.7

4.4

4.5

4.1

3.85

3.9

4.3

5.8

5.2

4.2

4.2

5.2

8.6

6.7

5.6 

5.2

Apr.

4.7

4.3

4.0

3 SR

4 4

7

Q

8.5

7.8

6.4

6.7

6.0

5.5

5.1

4.8

5.3

5.0

4.7

4.4

4.3

5.4

6.5

5.8

6.0

5.6

5.0

4.5

4.2

4.0

3.75

3.6

May.

3.55

4.5

4.6

4.0

0 ft

3.5

3.35

3.1

3

1

3.0

2 OS

9 O

9 ft

2.7

2.65

2 ft

2.6

2.6

2.6

3.25

3.3

2.9

2.7

2.6

2.65

2.6

2.47

2.35

2.6

2.18 

2.22

June.

2.19

2

<ji

2.33

2 99

O 97

2 9Q

4.0

3.25

2 as

2.7

9 %

9 J&

4.5

4 6

3 7

3.3

3 A

2

0

2.6

2.5

2.37

2.31

2 10

2.17

2.11

2.19

2.07

2.07

2.00

1.99

July.

1.93

1.89

1.90

1 03

1.89

1.77

1 7Q

1.76

1.75

1.75

1.76

1 7^1

1.69

1.69

1.67

1 64

1 fiS

1.78

1.79

1.95

1.97

1.85

1.75

1.75

1.72

1.69

1.69

1.69

1.67

1.65 

1.61

Aug.

1.65

1.71

1.61

1.61

1.59

1.65

1.59

1.66

1.67

1.61

1.63

1.59

1.56

1.49

1.67

1.59

1.63

1.63

1.74

1.65

1.67

1 60

1.61

1.58

1.67

1.71

1.63

1.71

3.1

4.3 

3.25

Sept.

2.8

2.55

2.37

2.23

2.13

2.11

2.29

2.73

2.57

3.25

3.65

3.15

2.9

2.85

2.65

2.55

2.75

2.55

2.45

2.33

2.23

2.19

2.12

2.06

2.08

2.11

2.03

2.03

2.19

2.19

Oct.

3.0

3.7

4.5

3.75

3.45

3.45

3.5

4.9

4.0

3.6

3 EC

4 0

q o

3.5

3 OK

3 1

3.0

3.1

3.7

3.6

3.35

3.2

3.25

3.35

3.2

3.05

2.9

2.85

2.8

2.75 

2.71

Nov.

2.75

2.95

2.95

2 (J

2.7

2 fi7

2 7

2.85

3 OK

3.1

9 OS

2 Q

2 os

3.2

i ns

2 Qfi

2 0

2.9

3.5

3.7

3.4

3.25

3.15

3.05

3.1

3.2

3.1

3.05

3.2

3.85

Dec.

3.3

3.15

3.05

2.95

2.75

2.85

2.75

2.75

2

QK

^^fl

3 7

3.6

4.0

6.5

5.3

5.8

6.0

5.4

4.8

4.2

3.85

3.8

3.85

4.3

3.9

3.7

3.75

4.2

3.4

3.25 

3.3

NOTE. Rela ion of gage height to discharge probably affected by ice Jan. 1 and 2, Feb. 8 to 14, and Feb. 

19 to Mar. 9. ' 'here may also have been more or less backwater from ice at other times during January, 

February, and March. It is not known whether gage heights were to water surface or to top of the iceGage reading; Apr. 20 to Dec. 31 made from a temporary staff gage located 250 feet above the bridge to 

which the orig aal gage was attached.

WEST BRANCH OF SUSQUEHANNA RIVER AT WILLIAMSPORT, PA.

Location. At the Market Street Bridge in Williamsport, 2 miles below the mouth

of Lycoming Creek and about 2 miles above the mouth of Loyalsock Creek. 

Records available. March I, 1895, to December 31, 1911. 

Drainage area. 5,640 square miles.

Gage. Standard chain, fastened to the bridge August 16,1901; datum unchanged. 

Channel. '. 'ermanent. 

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or by wading. No measurement

has been made since 1908. 

Artificial control. There is a dam about one-half mile above the station, but the

operation of this dam probably has no effect on the relation of discharge to gage

height.

Winter flow. Affected by ice. 

Accuracy. Conditions of flow at this point are constant, and a good discharge rating

curve has been developed. 

Cooperation. The station was established in 1895 by George D. Snyder, at that

time city engineer of Williamsport. The chain gage was installed by the United

States Geological Survey. The gage is now maintained and daily readings are

furnished by die United States Weather Bureau. 

48521° WSP 301 12 13
194 SUBFACE WATBE SUPPLY, 1911, PABT I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of West Branch of Susquehanna River at Williamsport, Pa., for

1911.

[H. H. Guise, observer.]

Day.

1...............

3...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

5.5

5.3

5.6

6.2

6.5

6.5

4.6

4.4

4.4

3.9

3.2

3.0

3.4

7.8

12.3

15.5

9.3

6.5

5.7

5.2

4.3

3.6

4.6

4.4

4.0

3.8

3.7

4.1

7.8

8.2

7.2

Feb.

6.8

6.0

5.4

5.1

4.8

4.5

3.8

3.7

3.7

4.0

3.5

3.2

3.0

3.4

3.2

4.4

4.5

4.7

4.9

5.8

5.1

4.2

3.7

4.5

4.1

4.0

4.5

4.4

Mar.

4.2

5.1

5.4

5.5

4.4

4.0

3.7

3.5

3.3

3.3

3.6

3.7

4.7

5.0

5.2

4.9

4.6

4.5

4.6

4.9

4.7

4.4

4.3

4.2

5.0

4.7

5.3

5.4

9.1

8.0

7.3

Apr.

6.5

5.9

4.4

4.2

5.2

5.7

5.3

9.4

9.0

8.1

7.7

7.3

6.8

6.3

7.1

8.7

8.1

7.5

6.7

6.9

8.0

8.3

7.8

7.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.2

5.8

5.3

May.

4.85

5.00

5.35

5.00

4.55

4.35

4.20

3.75

3.70

3.45

3.45

3.50

3.35

3.10

2.95

2.95

2.80

2.65

2.80

2.95

2.85

2.70

2.65

2.80

2.95

2.85

2.90

2.75

2.60

2.45

2.40

June.

2.45

2.75

2.65

2.65

2.80

2.55

2.45

2.35

2.35

2.40

2.25

2.35

2.65

5.45

5.20

5.05

4.95

4.75

4.25

3.60

2.95

2.55

2.45

2.25

2.50

2.25

2.35

2.25

2.25

2.20

July.

2.15

2.05

1.95

1.85

1.75

1.75

1.55

1.45

1.45

1.35

1.45

1.25

1.35

1.35

1.45

1.45

1.55

1.75

1.65

1.65

1.55

1.55

1.45

1.45

1.45

1.45

1.45

1.45

1.45

1.35

1.35

Aug.

1.34

1.34

1.54

1.54

1.64

1.74

1.74

1.74

1.64

1.64

1.54

1.54

1.54

1.44

1.44

1.74

1.54

1.44

1.44

1.34

1.34

1.34

1.34

1.34

1.54

2.04

2.14

2.74

2.94

7.44

6.84

Sept.

5.23

4.63

4.OT

3.63

2.93

2.83

3.23

3.03

3.33

11.' 13

9.43

7.23

6.83

5.03

4.53

4.73

5.93

5.03

6.03

5.23

4.63

4.13

3.63

3.43

3.33

3.23

3.03

2.83

3.43

3.93

Oct.

4.92

7.42

15.92

10.92

8.52

6.82

6.42

7.32

8.02

7.12

6.42

5.82

5.42

5.02

5.72

5.42

5.32

5.22

6.02

5.92

6.22

6.42

5.72

5.62

5.32

5.22

5.02

4.72

4.42

4.12

'3.92

Nov.

4.31

3.91

3.71

3.51

3.21

3.01

2.91

3.01

4.31

4.51

4.41

4.51

4.41

4.41

4.21

4.01

4.01

4.31

4.21

4.11

4.91

5.71

6.01

5.31

5.31

5.01

4.81

4.61

4.21

4.21

Dec.

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.8

4.0

4.2

5.0

5.4

6.9

9.6

9.9

8.7

7.7

6.4

5.6

6.1

5.8

5.8

5.5

5.8

5.9

5.4

5.6

5.3

NOTE. River reported open at the gage Jan. 1; partly open below the dam Jan. 2 to 14, and river open 

Jan. 15. It is probable that there was backwater from ice about Jan. 1,5-10, and 23-27. Probably backwater at times during February and the 1st of March. Gage heights not affected by ice during December.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Susquehanna River at Williamsport,

Pa., for 1911.

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18................

19...............

20...............

Jan.

10,000 

14,900 

16,200 

19,000 

15,000

12,000 

10,000 

9,000 

8,000 

8,000

7,170 

6,580 

7,780 

27,000 

54,600

83,400 

35,100 

20,400 

16,700 

14.500

Feb.

21,900 

18,100 

15,400 

14,000 

12,800

11,500 

9,030 

8,710 

8,710 

9,690

8,090 

7,170 

6,580 

7,780 

7,170

11,200 

11,500 

12,308 

13,200 

17.200

Mar.

10,400 

14,000 

15,400 

15,800 

11,200

9,690 

8,710 

8,090 

7,470 

7,470

8,400 

8,710 

12,300 

13,600 

14,500

13,200 

11,900 

11,500 

11,900 

13.200

Apr.

20,400 

17,600 

11,200 

10,400 

14,500

16,700 

14,900 

35.700 

33,500 

28,500

26,400 

24,400 

21,900 

19,500 

23,400

31,800 

28,500 

25,400 

21,400 

22.400

May.

13,000 

13,600 

15,100 

13,600 

11,700

11,000 

10,400 

8,870 

8,710 

7,940

7,940 

8,090 

7,620 

6,870 

6,440

6,440 

6,020 

5,620 

6,020 

R.440

June.

5,100 

5,880 

5,620 

5,620 

6,020

5,360 

5,100 

4,840 

4,840 

4,970

4,600 

4,840 

5,620 

15,600 

14,500

13,800 

13,400 

12,500 

10,600 

s.4nn

July.

4,340 

4,100 

3,860 

3,620 

3,380

3,380 

2,940 

2,720 

2,720 

2,520

2,720 

2,310 

2,520 

2,520 

2,720

2,720 

2,940 

3,380 

3,160 

3.1fiO

Aug.

2,500 

2,500 

2,920 

2,920 

3,140

3,360 

3,330 

3,360 

3,140 

3,140

2,920 

2,920 

2,920 

2,700 

2,700

3,360 

2,920 

2,700 

2,700

2 fiflft

Sept.

14,600 

12,100 

9,940 

8,490 

6,380

6,100 

7,260 

6,670 

7,560 

46,200

35,900 

24,000 

22,000 

13,700 

11,700

12,500 

17,700 

13,700 

18,200 

14 fim

Oct.

13,300 

25,000 

87,600 

44,900 

30,800

22,000 

20,000 

24,500 

28,100 

23,500

20,000 

17,200 

15,400 

13,700 

16,800

15,400 

15,000 

14,600 

18,200

17 TOO

Nov.

10,800 

9,390 

8,740 

8,120 

7,200

6,610 

6,330 

6,610 

10,800 

11,600

11,200 

11,600 

11,200 

11,200 

10,400

9,720 

9,720 

10,800 

10,400 

in ion

Dec.

9,690 

9,690 

9,360 

9,030 

9,030

8,710 

8,710

8,400 

8,090 

8,090

9,030 

9,690 

10,400 

13,600 

15,400

22,400 

36,800 

38,600 

31,800 

9fi 4nn
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 195

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Susquehanna River at WUliamsport, Pa.,

for 1911 Continued.

Day.

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

10,800 

8,400 

7,500 

7,000 

6,500

6,500 

8,000 

10,000 

27,000 

29,100 

23,900

Feb.

14,000 

10,400 

8,710 

11,500 

10,000

9,690 

11,500 

11,200

.......

Mar.

12,300 

11,200 

10,800 

10,400 

13,600

12,300 

14,900 

15, 400 

34,000 

28,000 

24,400

Apr.

28,000 

29,600 

27,000 

24,900 

19,900

19,900 

19,900 

19,000 

17,200 

14,900

May.

6,160 

5,750 

5,620 

6,020 

6,440

6,160 

6,300 

5,880 

5,490 

5,100 

4,970

June.

6,440 

5,360 

5,100 

4,600 

5,230

4,600 

4,840 

4,600 

4,600 

4,470

July.

2,940 

2,940 

2,720 

2,720 

2,720

2,720 

2,720 

2,720 

2,720 

2,520 

2,520

Aug.

2,500 

2,500 

2,500 

2,500 

2,920

4,080 

4,320 

5,860 

6,410 

25,100 

22,100

Sept.

12,100 

10,100 

8,490 

7,870 

7,560

7,260 

6,660 

6,100 

7,870 

9,460

Oct.

19,100 

20,000 

16,800 

16,300 

15,000

14,600 

13,700 

12,400 

11,200 

10,100 

9,430

Nov.

13,200 

16,700 

18,100 

15.000 

15,000

13,600 

12,800 

12,000 

10,400 

10,400

Dec.

19,900 

16,200 

18,500 

17,200 

17,200

15,800 

17,200 

17,600 

15,400 

16,200 

14,900

NOTE. Discharge determined from a well-defined rating curve. Discharge Jan. 1, 5-10, and 23-27, 

reduced for probable effect of backwater from ice. No further corrections made for effect of ice during 

January, February, or March. The determinations of discharge at times during February and the first 

part of March are probably excessive.

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Susquehanna River at WUliamsport, Pa., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 5,640 square miles.]

Month.

May....................................

July.....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

83,400 

21,900 

34,000 

35,700 

15,100 

15,600 

4,340 

25,100 

46,200 

87,600 

18,100 

38,600

87,600

Minimum.

06,500 

6,580 

7,470 

10,400 

4,970 

4,470 

2,310 

2,500 

6,100 

9,430 

6,330 

8,090

2,310

Mean.

17,200 

1MOO 

13,400 

22,300 

7,910 

6,900 

2,960 

4,500 

13.100 

20,700 

11.000 

15,800

12,300

Per

square 

mile.

3.05 

2.02 

2.38 

3.95 

1.40 

1.22 

.525 

.798 

2.32 

3.67 

1.95 

2.80

2.18

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

3.52 

2.10 

2.74 

4.41 

1.61 

1.36 

.61 

.92 

2.59 

4.23 

2.18 

3.23

29.50

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

o Estimated, ice present. 

JTTNIATA RIVER AT NEWPORT, PA.

Location. At the steel highway bridge, about 800 feet east of the public square at

Newport, 1 mile below the mouth of Buffalo Creek and about 12 miles above the

mouth of the river. 

Records available. March 21, 1899, to July 15, 1906; January 6, 1907, to December

31, 1911.

Drainage area. 3,480 square miles. 

Gage. Chain, attached to the bridge; datum unchanged. 

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge. 

Winter flow. Affected by ice.

Channel. Conditions of flow liable to change from year to year. 

Accuracy. A good discharge rating curve has been developed for high and medium

stages; low stage fair. 

Cooperation. Now maintained by Pennsylvania State Water Supply Commission,

which furnishes tables of daily gage heights and discharge measurements made

by engineers of the commission.

The following discharge measurement was made by R. A. Boehringer: 

December 9, 1911r 1 Gage height, 3.63 feet; discharge, 1,650 second-feet.

i Affected by backwater from fish dam below gage.
196 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Juniata River at Newport, Pa., for 1911. 

[A. R. Bortel, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7.... .......... -

8...............

9...............

10.. ............ .

11...............

12. ..............

13...............

14. ..............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19. ..............

20...............

21...............

22. ..............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

3.85

4.20

4.50

6.65

7.15

6.65

6.15

5.70

5.30

5.00

4.95

4.35

4.70

9.43

10.40

8.75

6.50

5.45

5.00

4.50

4.40

4.30

4.10

4.05

3.85

3.80

3.75

3.65

4.20

4.30

4.85

Feb.

5.60

5.10

4.50

4.40

4.20

4.25

4.05

3.80

4.00

3.82

3.90

3.72

3.80

4.10

4.00

5.70

5.45

5.50

6.10

5.85

5.60

5.10

4.75

4.70

4.35

4.40

4.50

4.55

Mar.

4.45

4.40

4.35

4.35

4.20

4.00

3.90

3.93

3.88

3.85

4.07

4.50

4.73

4.82

4.65

4.50

4.50

4.43

4.40

4.27

4.40

4.45

4.33

4.28

4.15

4.05

4.40

5.40

5.60

5.30

5.15

Apr.

4.90

4.75

4.55

4.55

5.10

6.60

7.40

6.95

6.25

5.80

5.65

5.40

5.20

5.00

5.40

5.50

5.30

5.05

4.90

5.45

7.00

6.60

6.75

7.20

7.00

6.50

S

ne

5.50

5.15

4.85

May.

4.75

4.70

4.73

4.45

4.42

4.20

4.07

4.03

3.97

3.95

3.93

3.80

3.75

3.70

3.70

3.55

3.51

3.51

3.53

3.45

3.47

3.41

3.27

3.53

3.57

3.47

3.33

3.27

3.15

3.25

3.17

June.

3.57

3.35

3.30

3.40

3.40

3.35

3.65

3.60

3.43

3.48

3.43

3.48

3.40

3.67

3.72

3.53

3.45

3.33

3.20

3.28

3.20

3.23

3.27

3.27

3.22

3.15

3.50

3.47

3.60

3.58

July.

3.50

3.40

3.15

3.07

3.10

3.05

3.05

3.17

3.17

3.15

3.03

3.00

3.05

3.03

3.00

3.00

2.93

3.03

2.97

2.95

2.90

2.85

2.87

2.90

2.90

2.97

2.93

2.85

2.93

2.80

2.73

Aug.

2.81

2.89

3.05

3.23

3.05

3.30

3.07

3.17

3.07

3.05

2.97

2.85

2.93

2.87

2.84

2.90

2.90

2.79

2.77

2.87

2.80

2.80

2.77

2.79

3.06

3.25

3.40

3.33

4.07

4.65

6.25

Sept.

7.39

7.16

5.49

4.89

4.19

4.29

4.04

4.02

4.39

7.14

6.09

5.49

4.79

4.39

4.89

9.46

8.79

7.14

5.74

5.19

4.72

4.49

4.29

4.09

4.14

3.84

3.89

3.74

4.64

5.14

Oct.

5.04

6.24

7.34

5.64

5.14

4.79

4.94

5.64

5.16

4.84

4.69

4.54

4.39

4.24

4.16

4.06

4.02

4.42

4.24

5.19

5.06

4.84

5.09

5.39

5.14

4.89

4.66

4.54

4.43

4.29

4.24

Nov.

4.18

4.08

4.03

3.98

3.83

3.88

4.18

4.63

4.43

4.35

4.23

4.23

4.23

4.28

4.18

4.13

4.13

4.33

4.73

4.91

4.73

4.58

4.48

4.38

4.38

4.33

4.15

4.21

4.08

4.03

Dec.

3.98

3.95

3.83

3.83

3.78

3.85

3.68

3.75

3.62

3.70

3.70

3.72

3.64

3.72

3.83

4.48

6.05

6.90

6.00

5.38

5.02

4.80

5.12

5.42

5.45

5.25

5.70

6.65

6.52

5.70

5.40

NOTE. Ice reported gorged one-fourth mile below gage Jan. 4; gage height probably not very greatly 

increased thereby. The effect of backwater throughout January is considered slight. Slight backwater 

at times during February and the first part of March. No ice in December.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Juniata River at Newport, Pa., for 1911.

Day.

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

IT...............

18...............

20...............

Jan.

2,590

3,500

4,330

11,000

12,800

11,000

9,380

7,930

6,690

5,780

5,630

3,910

4,900

21,700

25,900

18,900

10,500

7,160

5,780

4,330

Feb.

7,620

6,080

4,330

4,050

3,500

3,100

2,470

2,970

2,520

2,710

2,290

2,470

3,230

9 O7ft

7

QOA

7,160

7,310

9 91ft

8.410

Mar.

4 ion

4,050

3,910

3,910

2,970

2,710

2,790

2 fifift

2,590

3,150

4,330

4,990

5,250

4,760

4,330

4,330

4,130

4 050

3,690

Apr.

5

Aon

5,040

4,470

4,470

6,080

in Qfin

13, 700

12, 100

9 7ftft

8,250

7,780

7,000

6,380

5,780

7

AAA

7,310

6,690

5,930

5 480

7,160

May.

4,900

4,990

4,190

4,110

3,500

3,150

3,050

2 son

2,840

2,790

2,470

2,360

2 9.4ft

2,240

1,920

1,830

1,830

1,870

1.720

June.

i Qfin

1,530

1,440

1,620

1,620

1,530

2,130

2,020

1,680

1,770

1,680

1,770

1,620

2,170

2 9QA

1,870

1,720

1,490

1,270

1,410

July.

1,810

1,620

1,190

1,070

1,120

1,040

1,040

1,220

1,220

1 1QO

1,020

975

1,040

1,020

975

975

884

1,020

QQfi

910

Aug.

737

833

1,040

1,320

1,440

1,070

1,220

1,070

i fun

936

785

884

SftQ

773

845

845

714

690

809

Sept.

13,700

12,800

7,280

5,450

3,470

3,740

3,070

3,020

4,020

12,800

9,180

7,280

5,160

4,020

5,450

91 Oftft

12,800

8,060

6,350

Oct.

6

Qnn

9,670

13,500

7,740

6,200

5,160

5,60*

7,740

6,260

5,310.

4,870

4,440

4,020

3,610

3,390

3,130

3,020

4,110

3,610

6,350

Nov.

3,450

3,180

3,050

2,920

2 540

2,660

3,450

4,700

4

10A

3,910

3,580

3,580

3,580

3,720

3 4>in

3

Q-IA

3

0-IA

3,850

4 990

5,510

Dec.

2 Q9O

2,840

2,540

2,540

2,420

2,590

2,200

2,360

2,060

2

OJA

2,240

9 9on

2,110

2,290

9 *\A(\

4,270

9

ftEA

n

QAA

8,890

6.940
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 197 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Juniata River at Newport, Pa., for 1911 Con.

Day.

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27.. .............

28. ..............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

4,050

3,770

3,230

3,100

2,590

2,470

2,360

2,130

3,500

3,770

5,340

Feb.

7,620

6,080

5,040

4,900

3,910

4,050

4,330

4,470

Mar.

4 050

4 100

3,850

3,720

3,360

3,100

4,050

7,000

7,620

6,690

6,230

Apr.

12,300

in onn

11,400

13,000

12,300

10,500

0 7QA

7,310

6,230

5,340

May.

1 7itf)

1 PiAft

1,390

1,870

1,960

1 7W

1 4Qrt

1,390

1,190

1,360

1,220

June.

1,270

1,320

1,390

1,390

1 300

1 ion

1,810

1,750

2,020

1,980

July.

845

785

809

845

845

936

884

785

884

725

644

Aug.

725

725

690

714

1,060

1,360

1,620

1,490

3,150

4,760

9,700

Sept.

4 Qfifl

4,300

3,740

3,200

3,340

2,570

2,690

2,330

4,730

6,200

Oct.

5,960

5,310

6,050

6,970

6,200

5,450

4,780

4,440

4,130

3,740

3,610

Nov.

4 990

4 cert

4,270

i oofl

3,990

3,850

3,360

3,530

3,180

3,050

Dec.

5

OAn

5 1 QA

6,140

7 060

7,160

6,540

7 osn

11,000

10,600

7,930

7,000

NOTE. Discharge determined from a rating curve well defined at medium and high stages and fairly 

well defined at low stages. No correction made for effect of backwater during January to March. It is 

.probable that very little error has resulted from the application of the open-channel rating during the 

winter.

Monthly discharge of Juniata River at Newport, Pa., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 3,480 square miles.]

Month.

April....................................

May....................................

July.... ...............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

25,900 

9,210 

7,620 

13,700 

5,040 

2,290 

1,810 

9,700 

21,900 

13,500 

5,510 

11,900

25,900

MininvnTn.

2,130 

2,290 

2,590 

4,470 

1,220 

1,190 

644 

690 

2,330 

3,020 

2,540 

2,060

644

Mean.

7,100 

4,800 

4,200 

8,160 

2,480 

1,670 

1,010 

1,450 

6,890 

5,490 

3,720 

5,150

4,330

Per 

square 

mile.

2.04 

1.38 

1.21 

2.34 

.713 

.480 

.290 

.417 

1.98 

1.58 

1.07 

1.48

1.24

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

2.35 

1.44 

1.40 

2.61 

.82 

.54 

.33 

.48 

2.21 

1.82 

1.19 

1.71

16.90

Accuracy.

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

POTOMAC RIVER BASIN.

POTOMAC RIVER AT POINT OF ROCKS, MD.

Location. At the steel highway bridge at Point of Rocks, about one-third mile

below the mouth of Catoctin Creek and about 6 miles above the mouth of Monocacy River.

Records available. February 17, 1895, to December 31, 1911. 

Drainage area. 9,650 square miles. 

Gage. Chain, attached to bridge. Datum constant since September 2, 1902; prior

to this date datum was 0.45 foot higher than at present. 

Channel. Practically permanent. The discharge is controlled by a ledge a few

hundred feet below the station, the ledge extending completely across the river

except for one relatively unimportant channel. 

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge. 

Winter flow. Little affected by ice. 

Canal. The Chesapeake & Ohio Canal parallels the Potomac on the Maryland side.

The average discharge of the canal is 75 to 100 second-feet. This discharge is nof

included in the following tables. 

Accuracy. Present discharge rating curve considered very accurate; should require

relatively little change in.the future.
WATEK SUPPLY, 1M1, PAUT i.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Potomac River at Point of Bocks, Md., far 1911. 

[G. H. Hickman, observer.]

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12............... 

13...............

14...............

15...............

16. ..............

17...............

18. ..............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23. ..............

24. ..............

26...............

20. ..............

27...............

28. ..............

29. ..............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

1.0

1.85

2.8

7.0

6.5

5.6

4.1

3.5

2.6

2.2

2.1

1.85 

1.85

2.0

5.1

4.6

4.0

3.3

2.7

2.4

2.2

2.1

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.7

2.6

2.9

4.4

4.9

10.2

Feb.

10.5

6.0

5.0

5.0

3.5

3.3

3.0

2.8

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.3 

2.3

2.4

2.8

3.3

3.4

3.0

2.8

3.0

2.6

2.6

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.8

3.0

Mar.

3.1

3 9

3.0

2.7

2.4

2.3

2.2

9 1

2.0

2.0

2.3

3.0

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.3

3.7

3.4

3.3

3.2

3

1

3.0

2.8

2.6

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.5

Apr.

2.6

9 fi

2.5

2.6

2.8

7.4

9.5

7.5

5.6

5.1

5.0

4.7 

4.6

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.0

3.6

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.1

^l 9

3.2

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.0

2.6

May.

2.6

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.5

2 4

2.2

2.1

2.0

1.95

1.9

1.85 

1.75

1.7

1.65

1.6

1.6

1.55

1.5

1.45

1.4

1.35

1.35

1.15

1.1

1.1

June.

1.25

1.3

1.25

1.25

1.35

13*

1.25

1.25

1.35

1.25

1.7

1.65 

1.55

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.15

1.35

1.6

2.7

1.95

1.7

1.5

1.35

1.7

1.6

2.6

2.35

2.0

July.

1.7

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.1

1.05

1.0

1.3

1.7

1.3

1.45

1.35 

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.3

1.05

.95

.85

.80

.90

.85

.75

.85

.72

.80

.65

.45

.60

.60

Aug.

0.68

.63

.63

.65

.95

1.25

1.15

1.1

.90

.95

.95

.85 

.92

.65

.80

.75

.70

.75

.&0

.80

.70

.65

.60

.65

.70

.78

1.2

1.05

.90

1.65

6.0

Sept.

14.6

11.4

5.9

4.0

3.8

2.6

2.3

2.0

1.85

1.7

2.1

2.0

1.85

1.65

1.8

2.1

5.6

4.6

3.5

2.9

2.5

2.3

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.75

1.65

1.55

1.6

1.55

Oct.

2.2

2.4

2.1

2.2

3.0

2.4

2.2

1.7

2.0

3.2

2.6

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.0

1.85

2.6

5.0

7.1

5.1

3.8

3.6

3.2

2.9

2.7

2.4

2.3

2.1

2.0

1.9

Nov.

1.85

1.8

1.7

1.55

1.4

1.35

1.7

 2.7

3.8

3.4

3.0

2.6 

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.0

2.2

2.0

1.95

1.95

Dec.

1.9

1.85

1.75

1.8

1.8

1.65

1.7

1.65

1.0

1.55

1.5

1.5 

1.5

1 5

1.55

2.0

2.7

5.2

4.4

3.2

2.9

2.4

1.8

5.0

5.8

5.2

5.4

6.5

6.1

4.9

4.4

NOTE. There was undoubtedly some backwater from ice at this station for brief periods of a few days 

each during January and February. All gage readings are probably to water surface.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Potomac River at Point of Rocks, Md.,for 1911.

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6. ..............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24.. .............

25...............

Jan.

1,980 

4,500 

8,180 

32,800 

29,400

23,600 

14,600 

11,500 

7,330 

5,750

5,380 

4,500 

4,500 

5,020 

20,400

17,400 

14,100 

10,500 

7,750 

6,520

5,750 

5,380 

5,020 

5,380 

5.750

Feb.

59,800 

26,100 

19,800 

19,800 

11,500

10,500 

9,070 

8,180 

7,330 

6,920

6,520 

6,130 

6,130 

6,520 

8,180

10,500 

11,000 

9,070 

8,180 

9,070

7,330 

7,330 

6,520 

6,520 

6.130

Mar.

9,530 

10,000 

9,070

7,750 

6,520

6,130 

5,750 

5,380 

5,020 

5,020

6,130 

9,070 

16,900 

17,400 

18,000

17,400 

16,800 

15,700 

12,500 

11,000

10,500 

10,000 

9,530 

9,070 

8.180

Apr.

7,330 

7,330 

6,920 

7,330 

8,180

35,600 

51,600 

36,300 

23,600 

20,400

19,800 

18,000 

17,400 

17,400 

16,800

16,300 

14,100 

12,000 

11,000 

10,500

10,000 

10,000 

9,530 

10,000 

10.000

May.

7,330 

8,180 

8,180 

8,180 

6,920

6,520 

5,750 

5,380 

5,020 

4,840

4,670 

4,500 

4,170 

4,010 

3,860

3,700 

3.700 

3,540 

3,390 

3,240

3,090 

2,940 

2,940 

2,850 

2.760

June.

2,660 

2,800 

2,660 

2,660 

2,940

2,800 

2,660 

2,660 

2,040 

2,660

4,010 

3,860 

3,540 

3,390 

3,390

3,390 

3,390

2,380 

2,940 

3,700

7,750 

4,840 

4,010 

3,390 

2.940

July.

4,010 

3,090 

2,800 

2,520 

2,250

2,120 

1,990 

2,800 

4,010 

2,800

3,240 

2,940 

2,520 

2,520 

2,520

1,990 

2,800 

2,120 

1,860 

'1,610

1,480 

1.740 

1,610 

1,360 

1.610

Aug.

1,190 

1,080 

1,080 

1,120 

1,860

2,660 

2,380 

2,250 

1,740 

1,860

1,860 

1,610 

1,790 

1,120 

1,480

1.360 

1,240 

1,360 

1,740 

1,480

1,240 

1,120 

1,010 

1,120 

1.240

Sept.

93,800 

67,200 

25,500 

14,100 

13,000

7,330 

6,130 

5,020 

4,500 

4,010

5,380 

5,020 

4,500 

3,860 

4,330

5,380 

23,600 

17,400 

11,500 

8,620

6,920 

6,130 

5,020 

5,020 

4,670

Oct.

5,750 

6,520 

5,380 

5,750 

8,070

6,520 

5,750 

4,010 

5,020 

10,000

7,330 

6,130

5,750 

5,750 

5,380

5,020 

4,500 

7,330 

19,800 

33,500

20,400 

13,000 

12,000 

10,000 

8,620

Nov.

4,500 

4,330 

4,010 

3,540 

3,090

2,940 

4,010 

7,750 

13,000 

11,000

9,070 

7,330 

6,920 

6,520 

6,520

5,380 

5,380 

5,380 

5,380 

6,130

6,520 

6,920 

6,130 

6,130 

5,750

Dec.

4,670 

4,500 

4,170 

4,330 

4,330

3,860 

4,010 

3,860 

3,700 

3,540

3,390 

3,390 

3,390 

3,390 

3,540

5,020 

7,750 

21,100 

16,300 

10,000

8,620 

6,520 

4,330 

19,800 

24,800
FOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 199 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Potomac River at Point of Rocks, Md.,for 1911 Con.

Day.

26...............

27...............

28...............

29

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

7,750 

7,330 

8,620 

16,300 

19,200 

57,300

Feb.

5,750 

8,180 

9,070

.......

Mar.

7,330 

6,520 

6,520 

6.&20 

7,330 

6,920

Apr.

10,500 

10,000 

10,000 

9,070 

7,330

May.

2,660 

2,570 

2,470 

2,380 

2,250 

2,250

June.

4,010 

3,700 

7,330 

6,320 

5,020

July.

1,290 

1,480 

1,120 

680 

1,010 

1,010

Aug.

1,440 

2,520 

2,120 

1,740 

3,860 

26,100

Sept.

4,170

3,860 

3.540 

3,700 

3,540

Oct.

7,750 

6,520 

6,130 

5,380 

5,020 

4,670

Nov.

5,020

5,750 

5,020 

4,840 

4,840

Dec.

21,100 

22,300 

29,400 

26,800 

19,200 

16,300

NOTE. Daily discharge detei mined frond a well-defined discharge rating curve. No correction has been 

made for backwater from ice during January or February.

Monthly discharge of Potomac River at Point of Rocks, Md.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 9,650 square miles.]

Month.

March ....

April...................................

May....................................

July....................................

August .................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

57,300 

59,800 

18,000 

51,600 

8,180 

7,750 

4,010 

26,100 

93,800 

33,500 

13,000 

29,400

93,800

Minimum.

1,990 

5,750 

5,020 

6,920 

2,250 

2,380 

680 

1,010 

3,540 

4,010 

2,940 

3,390

680

Mean.

12,200 

11,300 

9,670 

15,100 

4,330 

3,690 

2,160 

2,440 

12,600 

8,510 

5,970 

10,200

8,150

Per 

square 

mile.

1.26 

1.17 

1.00 

1.56 

.449 

.382 

.224 

.253 

1.31 

.882 

.619 

1.06

.845

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.45 

1.22 

1.15 

1.74 

.52 

.43 

.26 

.29 

1.46 

1.02 

.69 

1.22

11.45

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

MONOCACY RIVER NEAR FREDERICK, MD.

Location. At the county bridge on the toll road leading from Frederick to Mount 

Pleasant, Md., about 3,000 feet below the mouth of Tuscarora Creek (entering 

from the right) and about 2,000 feet above Israel Creek (entering from the left).

Records available. August 4, 1896, to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 660 square miles.

Gage. Chain, attached to the bridge; datum unchanged.

Channel. Liable to change somewhat from year to year.

Discharge measurements. Made from the bridge or by wading.

Winter flow. More or less affected by ice.

Accuracy. Changes in rating curve are required by change in conditions of flow.

The following discharge measurement was made by J. G. Mathers: 

November 18, 1911: Gage height, 6.28 feet; discharge 1,040 second-feet.
200 STJBFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily gage Jmght, in feet, of Monocacy River near Frederick, Md.,for 1911. 

[E. L. Derr, observer.]

Day.

1...............

3............... 

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

16. ..............

17. .............

lo. . . . ...........

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23... ........ ....

24...............

25. ..............

26...............

97

28...............

29. ..............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

4.7

5.7

6.3 

6.0

5.9

5.7

5.2

4.4 

4.4

4.5

4.4

4.8

5.2

5.0

5.0

5.2

4.9

4^4

4.4

4.2

4.5

4.7

4.5

4.5

4.6

4.7

6.3

6.8

8.6

6.2

Feb.

5.3

5.2

5.3 

5.5

5.4

5.4

5.4

o. t 

5.2

4.8

4.6

4.8

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.1

5.9

6.4

6.3

5.8

5.2

5.2

5.2

6.2

6.8

6.3

5.9

Mar.

5.3

5.2

4.9 

5.0

4.9

4.8

4.8

rt. a

4.8

6.3

7.2

5.6

5.3

5.4

5.5

7.1

6.8

6.1

6.3

7.0

6.7

6.0

5.2

4.9

4.9

4 9

6.3

5.7

5.7

5.6

Apr.

5.6

5 A

4.9

6.8

9.15

7.0

6.5

6.3

6.1

5.9

5.6

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.7

5.4

5.1

5^2

6.4

6.5

6.5

7.2

6.5

6.2

5.7

5.5

5.3

5.2

5.2

May.

5.2

5.7

5.3 

5.0

5.0

4.9

4.8

^t. O

4.7

4.7

4.8

4.6

4.5

4.5

4.4

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.4

4 °.

4.4

4.4

4.4

4

K

4.3

A 9

4.2

4.2

June.

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.4

5.3

5.4

4.5

4.5

4.4

4.4

4.6

4

K

4.4

4.4

4.4

5.4

5.3

4.5

4.2

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

July.

4.2

4.1

4.0 

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.7

4.8

4.4

4.1

4.1

4.1

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.9

4.4

4.2

4.1

5.0

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.8

Aug.

3.7

A. °.

5.0 

5.6

5.4

5.2

4.9

4.0

3.9

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.8

3.9

3.9

3.9

4.0

4.0

4.2

4 0

3.7

3.7

4.7

4.7

10.45

12.05

8.2

8.3

22.35

Sept.

20.3

8.6

6.8 

6.4

6.2

6.0

5.3

4.3

4.2

5.4

4.1

5.0

4.8

5.4

7.4

6.4

5.4

4.9

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.6

4.6

4.5

4.5

4.7

5.9

Oct.

5.4

5.0

4.9

4.8

4.5

4.6

4.5

4.1 ? Q

4.0

4.4

4.4

A. °.

4.2

4 °,

4.3

1 . o

7.8

6.1

5.6

5.6

7.5

7.4

6.7

5.6

i 4

5.3

1 9

4.9

4.9

Nov.

4.8

4.8

4.8 

4.8

4.7

6.7

8.4

6.4 

5.6

5.3

5.2

5.2

6.8

5.8

5.8

5.6

6.7

6.4

5.9 is A

5.4

5.4

6.5

5.5

5.4

5.3

5.4

5.4

Dec.

5.3

C O

5.1 

1 i

5.0

5 n

4.9

4.9

4 Q

4 9

4.8

4.8

4.8

4.8

5

0

6.4

8.5

6.1

5.5

5.5 is 7

10.2

8.4

6.8

6.7

11.4

9.5

6.4

6.3

7.5

NOTE. Relation of gage height to discharge affected by ice for brief periods of a few days during January 

and February. All gage readings are probably to water surface.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Monocacy River near Frederick, Md.,for 1911.

Day.

1...............

2...............

3...............

4. ..............

6...............

7...............

8...............

Q

10...............

11...............

19

13...............

14...............

15...............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29............... 

30...............

31...............

Jan.

320

789

1,170

969

Qflfi

789

537

91 A

214

247

214

360

CQ7

446

446

537

402

947

214

91 A

154

247

320

247

247

282

320

1,170

1,540 

3,140

1,100

Feb.

584

537

584

682

632

632

632

632

537

360

282

360

1,170

1,170

1,170

1,030

906

1,350

1,240

1,170

846

537

537

537

1,100

1,540

1,170

906

Mar.

584

537

402

446

402

360

360

402

360

1,170

1,880

734

584

COO

682

1,790

1,540

1,170

1,030

1,170

1,700

1,460

QAQ

537

/mo

402

402

1,170

789 

789

734

Apr.

734

632

402

1,540

3,670

1,700

1,320

1,170

1,030

906

734

584

537

KO7

789

632

491

446

537

1,240

1,320

1,320

1,880

1,320

1,100

789

682

584

537

CQ7

May.

537

789

584

446

402

360

360

320

320

360

282

247

247

214

247

214

214

183

183

183

214

1QO

214

214

214

9J7

183

154

154

114

June.

214

214

214

214

214

584

632

402

247

247

214

214

282

247

214

214

214

214

632

584

247

154

183

183

183

154

154

154

154 

154

July.

154

127

102

79

57

57

38

282

360

214

127

127

127

127

102

102

402

402

214

114

127

446

154

154

127

127

102

79

79 

57

57

Aug.

38

183

446

734

632

537

402

214

102

79

102

79

57

57

79

79

79

102

102

102

154

102

38

38

320

320

4,950

6,550

2,760 

2,860

17,400

Sept.

15,200

3,140

1,540

1,240

1,100

969

584

368

183

154

632

127

446

368

632

2,040

1,240

846

632

402

402

360

320

282

282

282

247

247

320 

906

Oct.

632

446

402

360

247

282

247

214

127

79

102

214

214

183

154

183

183

2,400

2,400

1,030

734

734

2,130

2,040

1 460

734

632

584

537

402

Nov.

360

360

360

360

320

1,460

2,960

1,240

734

584

537

537

1,540

1,170

846

846

734

1,030

1,460

1,240

906

632

632

632

1,320

682

632

584

632

R39

Dec.

5S4

537

491

491

446

446

402

402

402

402

360

360

360

360

584

1,240

3,050

1,240

1,030

682

682

789

4,700

2,960

1,540

1,460

5,900

4,000

1,240 

1,170

2,130

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a fairly well denned discharge rating curve. No correction has 

been made to discharge for possible backwater from ice.
NORTH ATLANTIC COAST. 201

Monthly discharge of Monocacy River near Frederick*, Md.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 660 square miles.]

Month.

February. ..............................

May....................................

July....................................

October. ................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3,140 

1,540 

1,880 

3,670 

789 

632 

446 

17,400 

15,200 

2,400 

2,960 

5,900

17,400

Minimum.

154 

282 

360 

402 

154 

154 

57 

38 

127 

79 

320 

360

38

Mean.

598 

815 

825 

990 

293 

264 

157 

1,280 

1,180 

661 

865 

1,300

769

Per 

square 

mile.

0.906 

1.23 

1.25 

1.50 

.444 

.400 

.238 

1.94 

1.79 

1.00 

1.31 

1.97

1.17

Run-off, 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.04 

1.28 

1.44 

1.67 

.51 

.45 

.27 

2.24 

2.00 

1.15 

1.46 

2.27

15.78

Accuracy.

B. 

B.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

GOOSE CREEK NEAR LEESBURG, VA.

Location. At Evergreen Mills about 7 miles directly south of Leesburg (the most 

convenient railroad station), about 1 mile below the mouth of Little River and 

10 miles above the mouth of Goose Creek.

Records available. July 12, 1909, to December 31, 1911.

Drainage area. 338 square miles.

Gage. Vertical staff, spiked to a tree on the left bank immediately below the tailrace of the mill.

Channel. Fairly permanent.

Discharge measurements. Made between the mill and the dam, either by wading 

or from the highway bridge. The discharge of the mill race is also measured and 

added to the discharge between the mill and the dam.

Artificial control. The dam at this point is of timber and rock and at low stages 

most of the water passes through it. The mill race carries water at all times, 

three or four times more when the mill is running than when it is idle. This 

variation in flow causes variation in the gage heights ranging from a few hundred ths to about 0.15 foot; but as the mill is run only four or five hours a day 

the fluctuation has a relatively small effect on the accuracy of estimates.

The following discharge measurement was made by J. G. Mathers: 

October 6, 1911: Gage height, 0.94 foot: discharge, 68 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Goose Creek near Leesburg, Va.,for 1911. 

[J. O. Daniel, observer.]

Day.

1....................................

2....................................

3....................................

4....................................

5............. .......................

6....................................

7....................................

8....................................

9....................................

10....................................

Jan.

1.55

1.8

2.6

2.8

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.85

1.8

1.7

Feb.

2.6

2.35

2.2

2.5

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.75

1.75

Mar.

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.4

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.4

1.7

Apr.

1.6

1.45

1.45

1.7

3.45

2 7

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.0

Sept.

2.1

2.1

2.2

3.0

3.5

4.0

3.0

3.0

.6

1.5

Oct.

1.0

1.05

1.1

1.08

1.05

1.02

1.03

1.03

1.06

1.08

Nov.

1.2

1.24

1.28

1.32

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.5

2.0

1.8

Dec.

2.05

2.08

1.96

1.9

1.85

1.84

1.5

1.46

1.45

1.4
202 StTRf ACE WAfBB SUPPLY, 1011, PABT I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Goose Creek near Leesburg, Fa., for 1911 Continued.

Day.

11....................................

12....................................

13....................................

14. ...................................

15. ...................................

16. ...................................

17....................................

18. ...................................

19....................................

20....................................

21....................................

22....................................

23....................................

24....................................

25....................................

26....................................

27....................................

^0_ ....................................

29....................................

30.................................... <*1

Jan.

1.6

1.05

1.35

1.9

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.35

1.35

1.2

1.15

1.15

1.2

1.5

1.55

1.55

1.6

2.3

3.5

2.9

Feb.

1.7

1.75

1.7

1.7

1.75

1.7

1.7

1.65

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.65

Mar.

2.0

2.6

2.75

2.5

2.4

2.2

2.5

2.5

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.85

1.7

1.65

1.65

1.65

2.0

2.5

1.6

Apr.

2.0

1.9

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.7

1.7

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.65

1.6

1.6

1.55

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.35

Sept.

1.5

2.0

2.6

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.5

2.25

2.0

2.0

1.7

1.0

1.8

1.1

1.05

1.05

1.0

1.05

1.0

Oct.

1.1

1.08

1.08

1.06

1.08

1.1

1.04

4.0

3.0

2.0

1.8

1.65

1.8

1.85

1.82

1.78

1.76

1.4

1.38

1.3

Nov.

1.6

1.5

3.0

2.8

2.75

2.9

2.88

3.0

3.0

2.8

2.75

2.5

2.45

2.4

2.55

2.2

2.18

£t. U

1.98

2.1

Dec.

1.38

1.4

1.36

1.3

1.28

1.35

1.5

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.05

2.3

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.5

4.0

O. 0

3.4

3.0

2.8

NOTE. There was undoubtedly backwater from ice for a considerable part of January and February. 

It is not known whether gage heights were to water surface or to the top of the ice.

The lower part of the gage became covered with silt during 1911 and for that reason the gage heights 

during May to August were too unreliable to publish. Silt was cleared away Oct. 6.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Goose Creek near Leesburg, Va.,for 1911.

Day.

1.... ................................

2....................................

3....................................

4....................................

5....................................

6....................................

7....................................

8. ...................................

9....................................

10....................................

11....................................

12. ...................................

13....................................

14....................................

15....................................

16....................................

17....................................

18....................................

19....................................

20....................................

21....................................

22....................................

23....................................

24....................................

25....................................

26....................................

27. ...................................

28....................................

29....................................

30....................................

31....................................

Jan.

225

303

588

665

370

370

370

320

303

271

240

95

168

336

130

ins

182

168

168

130

118

118

210

225

225

240

240

477

944

704

Feb.

588

495

441

550

370

336

303

303

287

287

271

287

271

271

287

271

271

256

271

271

271

271

256

256

256

256

256

256

Mar.

240

240

240

240

182

168

' 168

168

182

271

370

588

646

550

513

441

550

550

370

370

370

336

320

271

256

256

256

303

370

550

240

Apr.

240

196

196

271

924

626

513

513

477

- 370

370

336

320

320

320

271

271

256

256

256

256

256

240

240

225

182

182

182

182

168

Sept.

405

405

441

743

944

1,150

743

370

25

210

210

370

588

588

588

550

550

459

370

370

271

84

303

106

95

95

84

84

95

84

Oct.

84

95

106

102

95

88

91

91

97

102

106

102

102

97

102

106

93

1,150

743

370

303

256

303

320

310

297

290

284

182

177

155

Nov.

130

140

150

160

155

155

182

210

370

303

240

210

743

665

646

704

696

743

743

665

646

550

532

513

569

441

434

370

363

405

Dec.

388

398

356

336

320

316

210

199

196

182

177

182

171

155

150

168

210

240

303

370

388

477

743

823

903

944

1,150

1,070

903

743

665

NOTE. Daily discharge determined from a rating curve that is well defined between 50 and 1,370 secondfeet. Discharge during January and February probably too high, owing to backwater from ice. No correction has been applied for this backwater.
ATLANTIC COAST. 203

Monthly discharge of Goose Creel: near Leesburg, Va.,for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 338 square miles.]

Mouth.

March... .

April....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

944 

588 

646 

924 

1,150 

1.150 

743 

1,150

Minimum.

95 

256 

168 

168 

25 

84 

130 

150

Mean.

2% 

313 

341 

314 

379 

219 

428 

446

Per 

square 

mile;

0.876 

.926 

1.01 

.929 

1.12 

.648 

1.27 

1.32

Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.01 

.96 

1.16 

1.04 

1.25 

.75 

1.42 

1.52

Accuracy.

C. 

D. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B. 

B.

BAPPAHANNOCK RIVER BASIN.

RAPPAHANNOCK RIVER NEAR FREDERICKSBTJRG, VA.

Location. About 3£ miles above Fredericksburg, and about 1J miles above the dam

of the Fredericksburg Power Co.

Records available. September 19, 1907, to December 31, 1911. 

Drainage area. 1,590 square miles. 

Gage. Original gage and station located at a pool a few hundred feet above a rocky

control. This gage was destroyed February 14, 1908, and was replaced February

20, 1908, by a chain gage under the cable. Datum for both gages the same and

unchanged.

Channel. Probably permanent. Current sluggish at extreme low water. 

Discharge measurements. Made from car and cable. 

Winter flow. Not often affected by ice. 

Accuracy. Accurate discharge measurements at low stages are difficult. A good

low-water rating curve has been developed. 

Cooperation. Established in cooperation with the Fredericksburg Power Co., by

which the cable and equipment were furnished.

The following discharge measurement was made by wading about one-half mile below the cable by G. C. Stevens, assisted by Cecil L. Reid, engineer for Fredericksburg Power Co.:

July 26, 1911: Gage height, 0.70 foot; discharge, 214 second-feet.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Rappahannock River near Fredericksburg, Va., for 1911.

[J. W. Franklin, observer.]

Day.

1.. .............

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13...............

14...............

15...............

Jan.

2.8

4.5

4.0

5.8

3.8

2.9

2.6

2.3

2.25

2.05

1.9

1.85 9 n

2.45

2.3

Feb.

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.35

2.25

2.1

2.05

2.05

2.45

2.6

2.3

2.1

9 n.1

1.95

1.9

Mar.

1.65

1.6

1.6

1.55

1.55

1.55

1.55

1.65

1.6

1.95

3.1

2.45

2.1

2.3

2.35

Apr.

1.8

1.7

1.65

1.65

3.2

4.0

3.1

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.2

May.

1.9

1.85

1.8

1.7

1.65

1.6

1.6

1.55

1.6

1.6

1.55

1.5

1.43

1.36

1.34

June.

1.17

1.48

1.28

1.12

1.05

1.30

1.38

1.39

1.44

1.28

1.24

1.26

1.36

1.6

1.40

July.

1.11

1.05

.97

.85

.83

.77

,.87

.89

.95

.97

.81

.84

1.19

.95

.85

Aug.

0.49

.51

;46

.55

2,15

3>0

2.3 lie

1.20

.97

.91

.78

.80

.80

1.29

Sept.

4.7

2.8

2.5

3.2

2.45

1.8

1.65

1.35

1.23

2.35

2.35

2.6

2.05

1.55

1.35

Oct.

0.97

.96

.98

1.02

1.03

1.01

.99

1.01

1.07

1.17

1.06

1.05

1.10

1.13

1.01

Nov.

1.41

1.39

1.34

1.27

1.27

1.30

2.9

2.45

2.05

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.85

1.9

1.9

Dec.

1.85

1.75

1.65

1.6

1.55

1.5

1.5

1.49

1.47

1.47

1.43

1.45

1.43

1.41

1.47
204 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1911, PART I.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Rappahannock River near Fredericksburg, Va., for 1911 

Continued.

Day.

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27..... ....... ...

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Jan.

2.1

1.9

1.8

1.75

1.75

1.75

1.75

2.3

2.25

2.1

2.05

2.4

2.35

2.25

2.9

3.2

Feb.

i as

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

2.35

2.15

1 Q

1 OR

1.8

1.75

1.7

1.7

Mar.

2

O£

2.05

2.0

2.0

2.15

2.05

1.9

1 8

1.75

1.65

1.6

1.6

1.9

i as

1.85

1.95

Apr.

2 OK

2 is

2.0

2.2

2.2

2.05

9 9

2.4

2.2

2.0

1.95

1.85

1 as

1 as

May.

1 34

1 *?1

1.31

1.28

1.25

1.19

1.18

1.15

1.18

1.15

1.11

1.10

1.07

1 04

1.00

1.00

June.

1.17

1.02

1.00

.97

1.06

1.02

1.00

01

.87

1.20

2.1

1.7

1.65

1.75

1.36

July.

0.77

.74

.69

.62

.65

.54

.62

.57

.57

.54

.67

.80

1.10

.91

.81

.53

Aug.

1.19

.95

.84

.73

.69

.66

.60

.55

.52

.49

.48

.53

1.25

1.35

1.65

3.2

Sept.

1.33

1.33

1.31

1.23

1.15

1.39

1.21

1.11

1.09

1.04

1.65

1.43

1.06

.97

.99

Oct.

1.03

1.06

4.3

3.6

2.45

1.95

1.95

2.25

2.25

1.9

1.7

1.65

1.55

1.47

1.42

1.42

Nov.

2.2

2.0

1.95

2.25

2.05

1.9

1.75

1.65

1.7

2.0

1.8

1.7

1.7

2.0

2.5

Dec.

2.5

4.0

2.6

2.2

2.0

2.0

2.0

5.3

4.5

3.7

3.1

3.4

3.1

2.6

2.4

2.5

NOTE. The river was frozen for brief periods during January and February, but the backwater from ice 

was probably inappreciable. All gage readings are probably to water surface.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Rappahannock River near Fredericksburg, Va.,for 1911.

Day.

1.... ...........

2...............

3...............

4...............

5...............

6...............

7...............

8...............

9...............

10...............

11...............

12...............

13

14. ..............

15...............

16...............

17................

18...............

10

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24...............

25...............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30............... 

31...............

Jan.

2,570

6 480

5^100

10,900

4,610

2,740

2,240

1,770

1,700

1,420

1,220

1,160

1,350

2,000

1,770

 

1 480

1,220

1,100

1 040

1,040

1,770

1,700

1,480

1,420

1,920

1,840

1,700

2,740 

3,290

Feb.

2,400

2,240

2,080

1,840

1,700

1,480

1,420

1,420

2,000

2,240

1,770

1,480

1,420

1,280

1,220

1,160

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,840

1,560

1,220

1,160

1,100

1,040

975

975

Mar.

918

860

860

805

805

805

OAK

918

860

1,280

3,100

2,000

1 480

l',770

1 SdA

1,700

1,350

i ^n

1,420

1,220

1.100

1,040

918

KfiO

860

1,220

1,160

1,160 

1,280

Apr.

1,100

Q7S

918

3,290

5,100

3,100

2,570

2,570

2,570

2 400

1^920

1,770

1,620

1,700

1 t\t\(\

1,420

1,350

1,620

1,620

1,420

1,620

1,920

1,620

1 3V»

i 9sn

1,160

1,160

1,160

May.

1,220

1,160

1,100

975

918

860

860

805

860

860

805

750

676

607

588

560

560

534

510

463

456

435

456

435

Am

400

382

Q«4

340 

340

June.

449

729

534

414

370

550

626

636

534

502

518

607

860

645

449

352

340

325

376

352

340

295

278

470

1 '975 480

918

1,040

607

July.

407

370

325

270

262

240

27S

286

315

325

254

266

463

315

O7A

240

229

212

101

200

170

101

178

178

206

250

400

295

254

168

Aug.

158

162

152

172

1,560

2,920

1,770

860

470

325

295

243

250

250

463

315

266

226

212

203

172

165

158

156

168

510

598

918 

3,290

Sept.

7,070

2,570

2,080

3,290

2,000

1,100

918

598

494

1,840

1 840

2,240

1,420

805

KQO

K7O

578

560

AQA

435

636

47S

407

394

3fi4

QIC

676

376

325

335

Oct.

325

320

320

352

358

346

335

346

382

449

370

400

421

QJA

QKO

376

5,910

4 140

2,000

1,280

1,280

1,700

1,700

1,220

975

805

666 

666

Nov.

656

636

588

526

526

550

2,740

2,000

1,350

1,220

1,100

1,160

1,220

1,220

1,620

1,350

1,280

1,700

1,420

1,220

918

975

1,350

1,100

975

975

1,350

2,080

Dec.

1,160

1 '918 040

860

805

750

750

740

71 S

718

676

698

676

656

71S

2,080

5,100

2,240

1,350

1,350

1,350

9,030

6,480

4,370

3,100

3,700

3,100

2,240

1,920 

2,080

NOTE. Discharge determined from a discharge rating curve well denned below 6,000 second-feet, 

correction has been made for backwater from ice.

No
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST, 205

Monthly discharge of Rappahannock River near Fredencksburg, Fa., for 1911. 

[Drainage area, 1,590 square miles.]

Month.

May....................................

July....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

10,900 

2,400 

3,100 

5,100 

1,220 

1,480 

463 

3,290 

7,070 

5,910 

2,740 

9,030

10,900

Minimum.

1,040 

975 

805 

918 

340 

278 

168 

152 

325 

320 

526 

656

152

Mean.

2,350 

1,480 

1,250 

1,810 

654 

575 

264 

585 

1,210 

973 

1,210 

2,030

1,200

Per

square 

mile.

1.48 

.931 

.786 

1.14 

.411 

.362 

.166 

.368 

.761 

.612 

.761 

1.28

.755

Run-ofl 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area).

1.71

.97 

.91 

1.27 

.47 

.40 

.19 

.42 

.85 

.71 

.85 

1.48

10.23

Accuracy.

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A. 

A.

MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS.

The following miscellaneous discharge measurements were made 

in north Atlantic coast drainage basins during 1911:

Miscellaneous measurements in north Atlantic coast drainage basins in 1911.

Date.

Mar. 8

Apr. 15

Sept. 21

July 15

July 24

22

Aug. 21

Jan. 30

Mar. 15

Stream.

Westfleld River.

West Stony Creek. . . . .

Owlkill Creek'. ........

.....do................

.....do................

Tributary to 

Sacandaga River. ..... 

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

Locality.

station, Mass.

Boston & Albany R. R., 

Chester, Mass.

ford, Conn. 

Indian Lake,N.Y.. ........

below Indian Lake dam, 

Indian Lake, N. Y. 

5 mile above highway bridge 

at mouth of cree'k, near 

Northville, N. Y. 

Near Northville, N. Y., abont

700 feet above highway 

bridge, near mouth of creek.

at Eagle Bridge, N. Y. 

Eagle Bridge, N". Y .........

.....do.......................

Gage 

height.

Feet, 

a 16. 99

6 15. 52

c3.75

(d)

«10.20

/2.56 

01.90

A 1.02

ft 3. 10

ft 3. 42

ft 2. 35

Discharge.

Set. -ft. 

232

651

38

856

83

10.9 

8.9

162

110

219

16

« Distance to water surface from top of right side of center floor support downstream side of bridge.

6 Distance to water surface from top of second floor beam, downstream right end of bridge.

c Distance to water surface from under surface of large projecting stone, second course from top in north 

side of west abutment.

d Reading on gage at dam, 29.3. One gate in 5-foot sluice pipe wide open; other gate half open.

< Distance to water surface from corner of top of right upstream abutment. At Indian River bridge distance from reference point to water surface, 12.60. As the gates were closed at Indian Lake dam, the discharge of Indian River at the first bridge was practically the same as Big Brook, viz, 83 second-feet. Complete ice cover at both bridges.

/ Distance to water surface irom notched brown stone, left upstream abutment.

s Distance to water surface from corner of concrete footing course to old, left, stone abutment.

ft Chain gage on highway bridge at Eagle Bridge.
The following

ground, surface,

206 SI FEE ACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1911, PAKT I.

SUMMARY OF DISCHARGE PER SQUARE MILE.

summary of discharge per square mile is given to

allow ready comparison of relative rates of run-off from different 

areas in the nort i Atlantic coast drainage basins. It shows in a general way the seasonal distribution of run-off and the effect of snow,

and artificial storage; but the most important fact

worth noting is the almost entire lack of uniformity or agreement 

between any two streams. This indicates that the discharge of each 

stream is a law unto itself, and that all projects dependent upon 

stream flow, if they are to be developed along the safest and most 

economical lines, must be based on records of stream flow collected 

with great care over a long series of years as near the location of 

the project under consideration as possible.

Summary of discharge, in second-feet per square mile, for stations in north Atlantic coast

drainage basins for 1911.

Station.

St. John River near Dickey, Me. ........ 

St. John River at Fort Kent, Me. .......

St. Francis River near St. Francis, Me . . Madawaska River at St. Rose du DeSt. Croix River near Woodland, Me. . . . Machias River at Whitneyville, Me. . . . 

Green Lake Stream at Lakewood, Me.. 

Branch Lake Stream near Ellsworth, Me 

Penobscot River at Millinocket, Me. . . . 

Penobscot River at West Enfield, Me. . 

East Branch of Penobscot River at

Mattawamkeag River at MattawamKenduskeag Stream near Bangor, Me. . .

Kennebec River at The Forks, Me ...... 

Kennebee River at Waterville, Me. ..... 

Dead River at The Forks, Me. ..........

Sebasticook River at Pittsfleld, Me.. . . . . 

Cobbosseecontee Stream at Gardiner, Me. 

Androscoggin River at Errol dam, N. H . . 

Androscoggin River at Rumford Falls,

Presumpscot River at outlet of Sebago

Saco River at West Buxton, Me.. . ......

Pemigewassett River at Plymouth, 

N.H..... .............................

Merrimac River at Franklin Junction, 

N.H..................................

Merrimac River at Garvins Falls, N. H . Merrimac River at Lawrence, Mass.... . . 

Souhegan River at Merrimac, N. H ..... 

South Branch of Nashua River at ClinSudbury River at Framingham. Mass «. 

Lake Cochituate at Cochituate, Mass «. . .

Drainage area.

Sq.mi 

2,820 

4.880 

8,270

560

Q^S

860

1,420 

465 

47 

31 

1,880 

6,600

1,100

1,500 

286 

191 

680 

1,570 

4,270 

878 

320 

240 

1,095

2,090

436 

1,550

615

1,460 

2,340 

4,452 

168

118.19 

75.2 

17.58

it-s

o'ie

.16

....

.99 

1.10 

.30 

.71 

1.16 

.76

.41

.73 

.52 

2.39 

.26 

.82 

.47 

.25 

.41 

.52 

.79

.69

.71 

.92

.85

.97 

.90 

.62 

.77

1.20 

.80 

.77

4f=H

6." 12 

.12

....

1.06 

.76 

2.72 

.28 

.76 

.53

.32

.53

.42 

.91 

.19 

.57 

.32 

.19 

.38 

.62 

.66

.46

.86 

.57

.53

.68 

.56 

.48 

.30

.97 

1.08 

1.17

£ 

a

6." is

.13

....

.96 

1.39 

1.16 

1.46 

.36 

.59

.46

.80 

.87 

2.54 

.21 

.48 

.33 

.20 

.41 

.64 

.65

.38

.72 

.64

1.79

1.08 

1.05 

1.25 

2.67

2.07 

1.77 

1.74

i4

3

L24 

1.56

....

2.13 

3.66 

.93 

2.09 

.58 

3.05

2.59

4.35 

8.04 

9.32 

1.16 

.58 

2.81 

1.93 

4.34 

1.66 

1.05

2.43

.66 

4.28

9.20

4.87 

4.27 

3.04 

3.08

2.16 

2.21 

1.94

$

a

5.'si

6.47

1.30 

2.71 

.82 

2.06 

1.27 

2.44

3.15

3.03 

3.41 

1.59 

4.66 

1.66 

1.82 

4.62 

1.45 

.97 

1.95

2.40

.71 

3.52

4.13

2.77 

2.04 

1.36 

.89

.71 

.49 

.25

S

5

1.12 

1.16 

1.60

1 *?7

1.17 

9, 52

1 33

1.00 

3.23 

.84 

2.19 

1.24 

1.27

1.86

1.27 

.67 

.62 

1.31 

1.93 

1.00 

1.30 

.68 

.94 

.70

.86

.73 

1.21

1.17

1.09 

.83 

.55 

.79

.54 

.33 

.12

>>

3

0.45 

.49 

.65 

34

.62 

1 13

.50

1.04 

.65 

1.24 

1.57 

1.18 

.82

.96

.22 

.18 

.33 

.95 

1.48 

.68 

.46 

.53 

.69 

.98

.66

.49 

.58

.42

.66 

.47 

.27 

.20

.09 

.02 

.05

bio 

3

0.78 

.68 

.72

97

.75 

62

52

.99 

.37 

2.28 

1.80 

1.23 

.73

.48

.30 

.21

.45 

.66 

1.46 

.76 

.54 

.51 

.72 

.89

.69

.36 

.41

.56

.75 

.53 

.33 

.23

.29 

.03

.49

"ft

<D 

CQ

0.67 

.51 

.47 

.36

.39 

44

35

.79 

.53 

2.64 

1.62 

1.18 

.90

.59

.54 

.20 

.42 

.84 

1.09 

.66 

.56 

.42 

.72 

.82

.74

.63 

.37

.94

1.01 

.68 

.44 

.34

.28 

.12 

.55

 8 

0

0.60 

.47 

.43 

34

.28 

39

22

.69 

.49 

1.66 

1.06 

1.18 

.77

.59

.59 

.44 

.61 

1.12 

.62 

.62 

.87 

.48 

.58 

.89

.97

.72 

.73

2.24

1.88 

1.38 

.92 

1.67

1.11 

.46 

.79

1

6." 48 

.42 

46

.31 

34

20

.86 

.99 

.52 

.77 

1.15 

.90

.76

.99 

1.87 

1.24 

1.01 

.31 

.69 

.77 

.80 

.42 

.82

1.07

1.12 

1.08

1.82

1.71 

1.41 

1.05 

1.99

1.60 

.92 

1.07

8 

O

6."34 

.33

1.42 

1.93 

.42 

1.00 

1.07 

1.91

1.12

2.81 

3.64 

4.32 

1.57 

.59 

1.06 

1.53 

1.70 

.44 

1.09

1.27

.88 

1.39

2.41

1.82 

1.20 

1.28 

2.42

1.65 

1.40 

1.56

f*

6." 93 

1.10

....

1.11 

1.48 

1.28 

1.39 

1.03 

1.23

1.11

1.35 

1.71 

2.06 

1.17 

.97 

.94 

1.11 

1.01 

.74 

.94

1.05

.72 

1.31

2.18

1.61 

1.28 

.97 

1.29

1.06 

.80 

.87

a, Attention is called to the fact that the Sudbury River records do not give the actual run-off of the river 

(which would include the effect of storage in the wet season and draft from storage in the dry season from 

the tributary reservoirs and streams as well as the loss by evaporation from them), but the natural flow of 

the basin without storage, as nearly as this flow can be measured and adjusted for the change in volume of 

stored water, without, however, taking into account the actual loss of water by evaporation from the water 

surfaces of the existing reservoirs and streams in this drainage basin. It may be said that this method 

of figuring the yield is common for waterworks or public supplies, and is used also in the Nashua and 

Croton records, but for streams utilized chiefly for production of power the effect of storage as well as the loss 

by evaporation is included in the yield or run-off measurements and records.
NOBTH ATLANTIC COAST. 207

Summary of discharge, in second-feet per square mile, for stations in north Atlantic coast 

drainage basins for 1911 Continued.

Station.

Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass. 

Passumpsic River near St. Johnsbury, 

Vt. .......... .........................

White River near Sharon, Vt. ..........

Deerfield River at Shelburne Falls, Mass. 

Westfield River at Knightville, Mass.. . . Middle Branch of Westfleld River at

Hudson River at North Creek. N. Y. . . .

Hudson River at Corinth, N. Y. ........ 

Hudson River at Mechanicville, N. Y. . .

Sacandaga River at Hadley . N. Y. ...... 

Schoharie River at Prattsvffle, N. Y. . . . 

Esopus Creek near Olivebridge, N. Y. . . 

Esopus Creek at Mount Marion, N. Y. . .

East Branch of Delaware River at Hancock, N. Y............................

Delaware River at Port Jervis, N. Y. . . . Delaware River at Riegelsville, N. J. . . . . West Branch of Delaware River at Hancock, N. Y............................

Lehigh River at South Bethlehem, Pa. . 

Tohickon River at Point Pleasant, Pa. . 

Neshaminy River below Forks, Pa. ..... 

Schuylkill River near Philadelphia. Pa. . 

Perkiomen Creek near Frederick, Pa. ... 

Susquehanna River at Binghamton,

Susquehanna River at Wilkes-Barre, Pa. 

Susquehanna River at Danville, Pa. .... 

Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pa. . 

Chenango River at Binghamton. N. Y. . West Branch of Susquehanna River at

Potomac River at Point of Rocks, Md. . . Monocacy River near Frederick, Md ....

Rappahannock River near FredericksDrainage area.

Sq.mi. 

3,300 

7,700

237 

686 

501 

162

53 

807 

1,550 

2,730 

4,500 

534 

263 

1,050 

240 

239 

378 

380 

101

920 

3,250 

6,430

680 

189 

1,235 

102 

139 

1,920 

152

2,400 

9,810 

11,100 

24,000 

1,530

5,640 

3,480 

9,650 

660 

338

1,590

H>

0.76 

1.30

.80 

1.30 

1.99 

1.28

2.53 

.93 

.77 

.97 

1.17 

.67 

.91 

.98 

2.70 

2.42 

2.07 

2.29 

1.51

2.81 

2.26 

1.98

2.74 

2.12 

2.31 

2.75 

2.69 

1.19 

1.91

2.88 

2.12 

2.13 

2.18 

2.88

3.05 

2.04 

1.26 

.91 

.88

1.48

1 fe

0.41 

.54

.42 

.51 

.60

.75

.66 

.85 

.64 

.75 

.75 

.47 

.65 

.70 

.85 

1.46 

1.44 

.96 

.96

.71 

.78 

.98

.66 

.79 

1.25 

1.36 

1.89 

.70 

1.47

.60 

.77 

.82 

1.18 

.76

2.02 

1.38. 

1.17 

1.23 

.93

.93

1

0.74 

1.16

.78 

1.09 

1.89 

1.60

2.66 

.84 

.81 

1.02 

1.28 

.58 

.94 

1.19 

2.41 

2.29 

2.52 

3.29 

.94

2.47 

2.30 

2.02

2.13 

2.73 

1.61 

2.74 

1.70 

.73 

1.74

2.62 

2.20 

2.14 

1.80 

3.14

2.38 

1.21 

1.00 

1.25 

1.01

.79

1

5.09

4.73

5.78 

5.50 

6.45 

4.04

4.49 

4.42 

4.52 

5.38 

3.73 

3.99 

5.89 

5.64 

4.43 

4.18 

3.98 

4.44 

1.47

5.14 

4.22 

3.56

3.68 

4.13 

2.76 

2.23 

1.89 

1.33 

1.98

4.03 

3.11 

3.07 

3.05

4.52

3.95 

2.34 

1.56 

1.50 

.93

1.14

>> 

*

3.42 

2.55

2.62 

1.79 

1.97 

1.46

1.82 

3.25 

2.83 

3.21 

2.06 

2.66 

5.06 

2.79 

1.19 

1.41 

1.07 

1.14 

.12

1.08 

.94 

1.07

.62 

1.12 

1.09 

.26 

.46 

.42 

.50

.68 

.61 

.69 

.80 

.86

1.40 

.71 

.45

.44

.41

»->

0.74 

<79

.84 

.55 

1.55 

1.63

1.76 

L52 

1.21 

1.72 

.98 

1.17 

2.26 

1.40 

2.00 

2.11 

2.17 

2,16 

.90

2.37 

2.03 

2.05

1.50 

2.61 

2.11 

.68 

.27 

.72 

1.17

1.13 

.72

.78 

.68 

.93

1.22

.48 

.38 

x-' 40

.36

t

0.36 

.29

.57 

.36 

.30 

.25

.31 

.88 

.60 

.55 

.30 

.35 

.25 

.28 

.17 

.54 

.51 

.43 

.21

.33 

.35 

.61

.26 

.56 

.87 

.72 

.12 

.54 

.73

.29 

.18 

.23 

.27 

.24

.52 

.29 

.22 

.24

.17

60

3 

O

0.49 

.37

.63 

.49 

.47 

.41

.50 

.98 

.56 

.5$ 

.26 

.19 

.13 

.19 

.14 

.37 

.40 

.27 

.19

.27 

.28 

.53

.24

.44 

1.00 

.98 

1.58 

.71 

.78

.17 

.13 

.21 

.34 

.24

.80 

.42 

.25

1.94

.37

.a 

&02

0.72 

.71

.84 

.82 

1.33

.57

.91 

.65 

.46 

.78 

.44 

.28

.63 

.59

.67 

.71 

.83 

.50

.73 

.66 

1.19

.54 

.53 

1.94 

1.08 

1.18 

1.21 

.83

.42

.37 

.53 

1.28 

.55

2.32 

1.93 

1.31 

1.79 

1.12

.76

 s

O

1.31 

2.12

1.21 

2.22 

4.25 

2.93

4.36 

1.14 

.84 

2.05 

1.61 

.62

2.55 

2.56 

3.80 

3.99 

4.65 

1.19

2.33

2.11 

2.41

1.39 

2.22 

2.70 

3.20 

2.09 

1.96 

2.18

1.11 

.94 

1.14 

1.78 

1.00

3.67 

1.58 

.88 

1.00 

.65

.61

1

1.32

1.64

1.38 

1.57 

2.36 

2.73

2.94 

1.25 

1.01 

2.08 

1.68 

1.14

2.55

1.52 

2.42 

2.48 

2.73 

.86

2.27

1.76 

1.91

1.51 

2.00 

1.98 

3.31 

3.06 

1.82 

2.34

1.49 

.92 

1.05 

1.20 

1.32

1.95 

1.07 

.62 

1.31 

1.27

.76

1

2.50 

2.34

2.38 

2.11 

2.20 

2.52

3.00 

2.29 

1.81 

3.18 

2.22 

1.99

3.54 

2.50 

2.21

2.18 

2.64 

.81

2.25

1.99 

1.94

1.74 

2.49 

1.96 

2.63 

2.14 

1.65 

1.88

2.11 

1.46 

1.53 

1.72 

2.04

2.80 

1.48 

1.06 

1.97 

1.32

1.28

£

1.49 

1.55

1.52 

1.53 

2.12 

1.69

2.17 

1.59 

1.34 

1.85 

1.38 

1.18

1.88 

1.76 

1.99 

1.97 

2.16 

.80

1.90 

1.64 

1.70

1.42 

1.81 

1.80 

1.83 

1.59 

1.08 

1.46

1.47 

1.13 

1.20 

1.35 

1.54

2.18 

1.24 

.84 

1.17

.76
INDEX.

A.

Accuracy of discharge measurements, 

degree of ______ 

Acknowledgments to those aiding__

Acre-foot, definition of__ _ ____

Allagash River near 

Allagash, Maine:

description ______________

discharge _ _ __ 

discharge, daily --_ 

discharge, monthly-_ __ 

discharge per square mile_ 

gage heights_____________

Amherst, Maine:

Union River at:

description _____

discharge________________

gage heights_____________

Androscoggin River at 

Errol dam, N. H.:

description. ______________

discharge, daily__________

discharge, monthly _____

discharge per square mile 

Rumford Falls, Maine:

description ______________

discharge, monthly _______

gage heights_____________

discharge per square mile_

Page.

14-15

15-18 

11

Androscoggin River basin, 

flow in _____

stream

Appropriations, amount of___

Ashuelot River at 

Hinsdale, N. H.:

description ______

discharge__________

Authority for investigations.

B.

26

26

27

28

206

27

40

40

41

73-74 

74

74

206

75

76

75

206

73-76

106

106

7

Babb, C. C., work of_________. 19

Baileyville, Maine,

West Branch of St. Croix River

near:

description ______ 36-3T 

discharge _________ 37 

gage heights 37

Bangor, Maine,

Kenduskeag Stream near:

description-___ ____ 57-58 

discharge _ 58 

discharge, daily_______ 59 

discharge, monthly 59 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights 58

48521° WSP 301 12 14

Barre River, Mass.,

Ware River near : Page, 

discharge - 205 

Batchelder, C. L., work of______ 19 

Big Brook at 

Indian Lake, N. Y.:

discharge___________ 205 

Binghamton, N. Y.,

Chenango River at:

description-_ ____ 189-190 

discharge___________ 190 

discharge, daily__ ___- 191 

discharge, monthly_____ 192 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights_______ 190-191 

Susquehanna River at:

description __________ 181 

discharge __ 181 

discharge, daily_______ 182 

discharge, monthly_____ JL83 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights 182 

Blackbridge, N. Y.,

West Branch of Sacandaga River

at:

description_________ 152-153 

discharge___________ 153 

gage M heights_________ 153 

Blackstone Kiver basin, steam flow

in ______________ 95-96 

Blandford, Mass.,

Westfleld Little River near:

description _______«._ 116 

Bolster, B. H., work of ___ _ 19 

Branch Lake near 

Ellsworth, Maine :

description __________ 44 

discharge per square mile- 206 

gage heights_-__ _ 44-45 

Branch Lake Stream near 

Ellsworth, Maine:

description _,________ 45 

discharge___________ 45 

discharge, daily _______ 46 

discharge, monthly ___-_ 46 

Branch River at 

Branch Village, R. I.:

description __________ 95-96

C.

Canfleld, G. H., work of . 19

Cedar River near 

Indian Lake, N. Y.:

description __ _ 139 

discharge 139 

gage heights 140

209
210 INDEX.

Page.

Center Conway, N. H., 

Saco River near :

description __________ 78 

discharge _______ _ __ 78 

gage heights _ _ 78 

Chatham, N. J.,

Passaic River near :

description _ _________ 162 

discharge, daily _______ 163 

discharge, monthly _____ 163 

discharge per square mile _ 207 

gage heights - _ 162 

Chemung River at 

Chemung, N. Y. :

description __ _ ___ __ _ 192

discharge ___________ 192 

gage heights- _ _ 193 

Chenango River at 

Binghamton, N. Y. :

description _________ 189-190 

discharge ___________ 190 

discharge, daily ___ _ _ 191 

discharge, monthly ____ 192 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights-- _____ _ 190-191 

Chester, Mass.,

West Branch of Westfleld River

at:

discharge ___________ 205 

Clinton, Mass.,

South Branch of Nashua River

at:

description __________ 02 

discharge per square mile _ 200 

rainfall ____________ 93 

yield _____________ 93 

Cobbosseecontee Stream at 

Gardiner, Maine :

description _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ T2

discharge daily _______ 72 

discharge, monthly-- ___ 73 

discharge per square mile- 206 

Cochituate, Mass.,

Lake Cochituate at :

description ______ _____ 93-94

discharge per square mile_ 206 

rainfall ____________ 95 

yield ______________ 95 

Connecticut River at 

Orford, N. H. :

description ____ . 

discharge _ _ __ 

discharge, daily ___ _ 

discharge, monthly

97

_ 97 

_ 98 

99

discharge per square mile _ 207 

gage heights __ _ _ _ ___ 08

Sunuerland, Mass. :

description __________ 99 

discharge ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ 99

discharge, daily _____ 100-101 

discharge, monthly _____ 101 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

heights ________ 1QO

Page. 

Connecticut River basin, stream flow

in ____________ 97-116 

Cooperation, credit for__ ___ _ 15 18 

Corinth, N. Y.,

Hudson River at:

description______ 117,127-128 

discharge__________ 128

discharge, daily _____ 132-136 

discharge, monthly ___ _ 119- 

120, 136-137 

comparison of, with 

discharge at Mechanicville___ 121-122 

comparison of, with 

discharge at Thur- _ 

man and Hadley_______ 121-122 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights_______ 128-132 

Covert, C. C., work of_____________ 19

Current meters, views of 15 

Current-meter stations, views of_ 14 

Danville, Pa.,

D.

Susquehanna River at:

description _________ 185-186

discharge, daily _____ 186-187

discharge, monthly- _ _ 187

discharge per square mile_ 207

gage heights 186

Data, explanation of _ 12-14

field methods used in collection

of_____________ 14

Dead River near 

The Forks, Maine:

description __________ 66 

discharge 66 

discharge, daily _______ 67-68 

discharge, monthly_____ 68 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights 67

Dean, H. J., work of_ 19

Deerfield River at 

Hoosac Tunnel, Mass.:

description __________ 108 

discharge _ 108 

Shelburne Falls, Mass.:

description ________ 108-109 

discharge, daily 109 

discharge, monthly. _ __ 110 

discharge per square mile 207

Definition of terms 10-10

Delaware River at 

Port Jervis, N. Y.:

description _ ________ 165-166 

discharge 166 

discharge, daily 167 

discharge, monthly 167 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights 166
INDEX. 211

Page.

Delaware River at Continued. 

Riegelsville, N. J.:

description _ ______ 167-168 

discharge, daily ____ _ 169 

discharge, monthly_ _ 169 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights _______ 168 

Delaware River, East Branch; at 

Hancock, N. Y.:

description _ _ _______ 164 

discharge __________ 164 

discharge, daily 165 

discharge, monthly_____ 166 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights 164 

Delaware River, West Branch, at 

Hancock, N. Y.:

description _ _______ 169-170 

discharge___________ 170 

discharge, daily ______ 171 

discharge, monthly____ 171 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights 170 

Delaware River basin, stream flow

in__ ________ 164-181 

Dickey, Maine,

St. John River near:

description _ ____ 19

discharge___________ 20

discharge, daily _______ 20-21

discharge, monthly____ 22

discharge per square mile_^. 206

gage heights 20

Discharge, definition of________ 10-11

Discharge measurements, accuracy

of____-________ 14-15

nature of ______________ 12-14

Drainage basins, list of _ _ _ 7

E.

Eagle Bridge, N. Y.,

Hoosic River near:

description _ ________ 153-154 

discharge__________ 154-205 

gage heights___ _ 154-155

Owlkill Creek at:

discharge _ __ 205 

East Outlet, Maine,

Moosehead Lake at:

description-- 62 

gage heights- _ _ 62 

East Stony Creek at 

Northville, N. Y.:

discharge__ _ _ __ 205 

Ellsworth, Maine,

Branch Lake near:

description ___ 44 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights--________ 44-45

Branch Lake stream near :

description _ 45 

discharge- -____ 45 

discharge, daily 46 

discharge, monthly __ 46

Page.

Equivalents, list of____ > __.._r 11*12 

Errol dam, N. H.,

Androseoggin River at:

description _._________ 73-74 

discharge, daily _,_^__ 74 

discharge, monthly _____ 74 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

Esopus Creek at 

Mount Marion, N. Y.:

description_____,.__ 158-159 

discharge, monthly-____ 160 

discharge per square mfle 207 

Olive Bridge. N. Y.:

description _________ 157 

discharge, daily _______ 158 

discharge, monthly_____ 158 

discharge per square mlle__ 207

F.

Farmington, Maine,

Sandy River near:

description __________ 68 

discharge_ ________ 69 

gage heights _ _ 69

Fish River at 

Wallagrass, Maine:

description _ ____ _ 32 

discharge___________ ** 32 

discharge, daily _ _ 33 

discharge, monthly __ _ 34 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights _ ___ 33

Forks, Pa.,

Neshaminy Creek below:

description __________ 178 

discharge, daily 178 

discharge, monthly _____ 178 

discharge per square mile 207

Fort Kent, Maine,

St. John River at:

description,..^________ 21-22 

discharge _ ___ _ _ 22 

discharge, daily 23 

discharge, monthly 23 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

gage heights 22

Foxcroft, Maine,

Piscataquis River near:

description 55-56 

discharge _ _ ^ 56 

discharge, daily ______ 56-57 

discharge, monthly _ _ 57 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights 56

Framingham, Mass., 

Sudbury River at:

description _________ 93-94 

discharge per square mile 206 

rainfall ___^_______ 94-95 

yield_______________ 94-95

Franklin Junction, N. H., 

Merrimac River at:

description __________ 83 

discharge__________ 83
212 INDEX.

Page.

Franklin Junction, N. H. Continued. 

Merrimac River at Continued.

discharge, daily ______.,__ 84 

discharge, monthly 84 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights 83

Frederick, Md.,

Monocacy River near:

description _______. _ 199 

discharge, daily _______ 200 

discharge, monthly ____ 201 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights 200

Frederick, Pa.,

Perkiomen Creek near:

 description________._ 180 

discharge, daily 180 

discharge, monthly _____ 181 

discharge per square mile_ 207

Fredericksburg, Va.,

Rappahannock River near:

description __________ 203 

discharge ________ 203 

discharge, daily _______ 204 

discharge, monthly _ 205 

discharge per square mile__ 207 

gage heights 203-204

G.

Gage heights, readings of 13

Gaging stations, views of _____ 14

Gardiner, Maine,

Cobbosseecontee Stream at:

description __________ 72 

discharge, daily _______ 72 

discharge, monthly 73 

discharge per square mile 206

Garvins Falls, N. H., 

Merrimac River at:

description 85 

discharge, daily ___ _ 86 

discharge, monthly ____ 86 

discharge per square mile__ 206

Gaylordsville, Conn.,

Housatonic River at:

description ________ 173-174

Godeffroy, N. Y.,

Neversink River at:

description ________ 173-174 

discharge ________ 174

Golyer, C. S. de, work of _ _ 19

Goose Creek near 

Leesburg, Va.:

description _ 201 

discharge 201 

discharge, daily ___ 202 

discharge, monthly_____ 203 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights_______ 201-202

Goss Heights, Mass.,

Middle Branch of Westfleld

River at:

description 114 

discharge 114 

discharge, daily 115

Page.

Goss Heights, Mass. Continued. 

Middle Branch of Westfleld

River at Continued, 

discharge, monthly 115 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights 114 

Green Lake at 

Green Lake, Maine:

description _ 41 

gage heights 41-42 

Green Lake Stream at 

Lakewood, Maine:

description 42 

discharge_________ _ 42 

discharge, daily 43 

discharge, monthly 44 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights 42-43 

Grindstone, Maine,

East Branch of Penobscot River

at:

description 51 

discharge 51 

discharge, daily 52 

discharge, monthly 53 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

gage heights- _ 51-52

H.

Hadley, N. Y.,

Sacandaga River at:

description _ _ 148-149 

discharge___________ 149,151

discharge, daily 150,152 

discharge, monthly _ __ 151 

at Thurman and, comparison of, with 

discharge at 

Corinth___ 121-122 

comparison o f, 

with discharge 

at Mechanicville-_____ 121-122 

comparison of, with 

discharge at 

Northville__ 121-122 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights_____ 150,151-152 

Hancock, N. Y.,

East Branch of Delaware River

at:

description 164 

discharge 164 

discharge, daily 165 

discharge, monthly 166 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights 164 

West Branch of Delaware River

at:

description _________ 169-170 

discharge 170 

discharge, daily- 171 

discharge, monthly-- 171 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights , 170
INDEX. 213

Page. 

Harris, R. I.,

Pawtucket River at:

description __________ 96-97

Harrisburg, Pa.,

Susquehanna River at:

description ________ 187-188 

discharge, daily _____ 188-180 

discharge, monthly 189 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights _________ 188 

Hinsdale, N. H.,

Ashuelot River at:

description __________ 106 

discharge 106 

Hoosac Tunnel, Mass., 

Deerfleld River at:

description _ _______ 108

discharge_________ _ 108 

Hoosic River near 

Eagle Bridge, N. Y.:

description ________ 153-154 

discharge__________ 154, 205 

gage heights________ 154-155 

Hope, N. Y.,

Sacandaga River near:

description ________ 147-148 

discharge__ _ __ 148 

gage heights_________ 148 

Housatonic River at 

Gaylordsville, Conn.:

description ________ 116-117 

Housatonic River basin, stream flow

in ___________ 116-117 

Hoyt, W. G., work of_________ 19 

Hudson River at 

Corinth, N. Y. :

description _____ 117, 127-128 

discharge___________ 128 

discharge, daily _____ 132-186 

discharge, monthly_____ 119- 

120, 136-137 

comparison of, with 

discharge at Mechanicville_______ 121-122 

comparison of, with 

discharge at Thurman and Hadley_ 121-122 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights_______ 128-132 

Mechanicville, N. Y.,

description __________ 117,138

discharge, daily______ 138 

discharge, monthly- 119-120,138 

comparison of, with 

discharge at 

Corinth___ 121-122 

with discharge at 

Thurman and 

Hadley____ 121-122 

discharge per square mile__ 207 

North Creek, N. Y.:

description ____________ 122-123

discharge___________ 123

discharge, daily _ _ 124

Fage. 

Hudson River at Continued.

North Creek, N. Y. Continued.

discharge, monthly. 119-120,124 

at Riverbank and, comparison of, with discharge at Thurman.

121-122

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights _ ___ 123 

rating table _________ 117 

Thurmar, N. Y.:

description _ ________ 125 

discharge___________ 125 

discharge, daily__ ___ 126 

discharge, monthly _ 119-120,127 

at Hadley and, comparison of, with discharge at Corinth- 121-122 

comparison of, 

with discharge 

at Mechanicville ___ 121-122 

comparison of, with discharge at North 

Creek and Riverbank.

121-122

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights________ 125-126 

rating table 117 

Hudson River basin, stream flow

in __________ 117-161 

tributaries of, comparative discharge of 117-122

I.

Indian Lake, N. Y.,

Big Brook at:

discharge 205

Cedar River near:

description _ _________ 139

discharge___________ 139 

gage heights _ _ 140

Indian Lake reservoir at:

description __________ 140 

discharge _ ___ 141 

gage heights 141 

gate opening 141 

Indian River at 

Indian Lake, N. Y.:

discharge-__________ 205 

Investigations, authority for 7

Juniata River at 

Newport, Pa.:

description ______ ___ 195 

discharge, daily____ 196-197 

discharge, monthly- __ 197 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights 196
214 IKDEX.

K. Page.

Kenduskeag Stream near 

Bangor, Maine:

description __________ 57-58 

discharge___________ 58 

discharge, daily_______ 59 

discharge, monthly_____ 59 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

gage heights _ _ _ 58

Kennebec River at 

The Forks, Maine:

description __________ 62-63 

discharge, daily_______ 64 

discharge, monthly_____ 64 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights ________ 63 

Waterville, Maine:

description __________ 65 

discharge, daily 65 

discharge, monthly____ 66 

discharge per square mile_ 206

Kennebec Eiver basin, stream measurements in_______ 60-73

Kinder-hook Creek at 

Rossman, N. T.:

description________ 156-157

King, W. R., work of _________ 19

Knightville, Mass.,

Westfleld River at:

description ________ 111-112 

discharge___________ 112 

discharge, daily_______ 113

discharge, monthly _ _ 113 

discharge per square mile__ 207 

gage heights-_______ 112

Lake Cochituate at 

Cochituate, Mass.:

description ________ _ 93-94 

discharge per square mile 206 

rainfall ____________ 95 

yield _____________ 95 

Lakeport, N. H.,

Lake Winnepesaukee at:

description . . 89 

gage heights_________ 89-90 

Lake Winnepesaukee at 

Lakeport, N. H.:

description ________ 89 

gage heights_______ 89-90 

Lakewood, Maine,

Green Lake Stream at:

description _ _ 42 

discharge_________ _ 42 

discharge, daily_______ 43 

discharge, monthly _ 44 

discharge per square mile 208 

gage heights__ _ _ 42 43 

Lawrence, Mass.,

Merrimac River at:

description_______ 86-87 

discharge, dally 88 

discharge, monthly ____ 89 

weekly __ _ 87-88 

discharge per square mile 206

Leesburg, Va., Page. 

Goose Creek near:

description __________ 201 

discharge - 201 

discharge, daily -__ 202 

discharge, monthly ___ __ 203 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights ______ 201-202

Lehigh River at 

South Bethlehem, Pa.:

description- _ _ 174-175 

discharge_______-_ 175 

discharge, daily _ 176_ 

discharge, monthly _____ 176 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights 175

M.

Machias River at 

Whitneyville, Maine: 

description _ - 

discharge _ . 

discharge, daily ___. 

discharge, monthly

38

38

39

40

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights______ 38-39 

Machias River basin, stream flow in_ 38-40 

Madawaska River at 

St. Rose du Degele, Quebec:

description 30 

discharge________ 30

discharge, daily 31

discharge, monthly __ 32

discharge per square mile_ 206

gage heights 31

Maine, cooperation in_ _ 15

Maryland, cooperation in 18

Massachusetts, cooperation in___ 16-17

Mathers, J. G., work of________ 19

Mattawamkeag River at 

Mattawamkeag, Maine:

description , 53 

discharge________ 53

discharge, daily ,. 54-55 

discharge, monthly __ . 55 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights- 54 

Mechanicville, N. T., 

Hudson River at:

description ________ 117,138 

discharge __ _________

discharge, daily _ 138 

discharge, monthly _ 119-120,138 

comparison of. with discharge at Corinth- 121-122 

with discharge at 

Thurman and 

Hadley____ 121-122 

discharge per square mile 207 

Merrimac, N. H.,

Souhegan River at:

description __________ 90 

discharge, daily______- 91-92 

discharge, monthly 92 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights. 91
INDEX.

Merrimac River at 

Franklin Junction, N. H.:

description _____,____ 

discharge____ ______ 

discharge, daily _______ 

discharge, monthly _____ 

discharge per square mile__

Page.

88

83

84

84

206

gage heights ________ 83

Garvins Falls, N. H.:

description __!_______ 85

discharge, daily ______. 86 

discharge, monthly_____ 86 

discharge per square mile__ 206 

Lawrence, Mass.:

description __________ 86-87 

discharge, daily _______ 88 

discharge, monthly_ 89 

weekly__________ 87-88 

discharge per square mile__ 206 

Merrimac River basin, stream flow in_ 80-95 

Mianus River at 

Stamford, Conn.:

discharge___________ 205 

Millers River at 

Wendell, Mass.:

desjcription _______, 106-107 

discharge___________ 107 

Millinocket, Maine,

West Branch of Penobscot River

at:

description _ _,___ 47 

discharge, daily 47-48 

discharge, monthly _ _ 48 

discharge per square mile 206 

Monocacy River near 

Frederick, Md.:

description __ ___ __ 199 

discharge, daily _______ 200 

discharge, monthly _ 201 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights __ 200 

Mongaup River at 

Rio, N. Y.:

description _ 172 

discharge___________ 172 

discharge, daily ____ 173 

discharge, monthly __-__ 173 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights ___ _ 172 

Moosehead Lake at 

East Outlet, Maine:

description ______ _ 62 

gage heights _ 62 

Moose River near 

Rockwood, Maine:

description _ 60 

discharge, daily 61 

discharge, monthly 61 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights _____ 60 

Mount Marion, N. Y,, 

Esopus Creek at:

description_______ 158-159 

discharge daily _ 159 

discharge, monthly __ _ 160 

discharge per square mile__ 207

N. Page.

Nashua River, South Branch, at 

Clinton, Mass.:

discharge.__________ 92 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

rainfall ______ __ 93 

yield -________ __ 93 

Neshaminy Creek below 

Forks, Pa.:

description __________ 178 

discharge, daily _ _ 178 

discharge, monthly _____ 178 

discharge per square mile__ 207 

Neversink River at 

Godeffroy, N. Y.:

description ________ 173-174

discharge___________ 174

New Hampshire, cooperation in __ 16

New Jersey, cooperation in______ 18

Newport, Pa.,

Juniata River at:

description _ 195 

discharge, daily ___ 196-197 

discharge, monthly_____ 197 

discharge per square mile__ 207 

gage heights _________ 196 

North Creek, N. Y., 

Hudson River at:

description ________ 122-123 

discharge___________ 123 

discharge, daily _______ 124 

discharge, monthly 119-120,124 

at Riverbank and, comparison of, with 

discharge at Thurman________ 121-122 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights 123 

rating table_________ 117 

Northville, N. Y.,

East Stony Creek at:

discharge___________ 205 

Sacandaga River at:

description __________ 117 

discharge, monthly, comparison of, with discharge at Hadley- 121-122 

comparison of, with discharge at Wells__ 121-122 

West Stony Creek near:

discharge___________ 205

O.

Olive Bridge, N. Y.,

Esopus Creek near : . 

description ______ _ 157 

discharge, daily 158 

discharge, monthly__ _ 158 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

Olneyville, R. I.,

Woonasquatucket River, at:

desctfption 96
216 INDEX.

Orford, N. H.,

Connecticut River at:

description ________ _ 

discharge-_______ _ 

discharge, daily___________

discharge, monthly _ 

discharge per square mile_ 

gage heights_____________

Owlkill Creek at 

Eagle Bridge, N. Y.:

discharge________ _

Page.

97

97

98

99

207

98

205

P.

Padgett, H. D., work of________ 19 

Passaic River basin, stream flow in_ 162-163 

Passaic River near 

Chatham, N. J.:

description__________ 162 

discharge, daily _______ 163 

discharge, monthly_____ 163 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights 162

Passumpsic River near 

St. Johnsbury, Vt.:

description_______ 101-102 

discharge-_______ __ 102 

discharge, daily 103 

discharge, monthly_____ 103 

discharge per square mile__ 207 

gage heights _________ 102

Pawtucket River at 

Harris, R. I.:

description__________ 96-97 

Pawtucket River basin, stream flow

in ______________ 96-97 

Pemigewasset River at 

Plymouth, N. H.:

description__________ 80-81 

discharge___________ 81 

discharge, daily _______ 82 

discharge, monthly_____ 82 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights _________ 81 

Pennsylvania, cooperation of__ 18

Penobscot River at 

West Enfleld, Maine:

description___ ____ 48-49 

discharge__________ 49 

discharge, daily _ 50 

discharge, monthly__ 50 

discharge per square mile__ 206 

gage heights 49

Penobscot River, East Branch, at 

Grindstone, Maine:

description__________ 51 

discharge _ 51 

discharge, daily ___ 52 

discharge, monthly_____ 53 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights _ 51-52

Page.

Penobscot River, West Branch, at 

Millinoket, Maine:

description___ __ 47 

discharge, daily 47 48 

discharge, monthly-_ 48 

discharge per square mile_ 206

Penobscot River basin, stream flow

in ______________ 47-59

Perkiomen Creek near 

Frederick, Pa.:

description__________ 180 

discharge, daily ____ 180 

discharge, monthly _____ 181 

discharge per square mile 207

Philadelphia, Pa.,

Schuylkill River at:

description__________ 179 

discharge, daily __ 179 

discharge, monthly______ 180 

discharge per square mile 207

Piscataquis River near 

Poxcroft, Maine:

description___ __ 55-56 

discharge___________ 56 

discharge, daily _ _ 56-57 

discharge, monthly-_____ 57 

discharge per square mile__ 206 

gage heights 56

Pittsfleld, Maine,

Sebasticook River at:

description. _ 69-70 

 discharge-. __ 70 

discharge, daily _ __ __ 71 

discharge, monthly _____ 71 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

gage heights 70

Plymouth, N. H.,

Pemigewasset River at:

description___________ 80-81 

discharge _ ___ 81 

discharge, daily _______ 82 

discharge, monthly 82 

discharge per square mile__ 206 

gage heights_________ 81

Point of Rocks, Md., 

Potomac River at:

description__________ 197 

discharge, daily ___ 198-199 

discharge, monthly.__ 199 

discharge per square mile-.. 207 

gage heights________ 198

Point Pleasant, Pa., 

Tohickon Creek at:

description ________ 176-177 

discharge, daily . 177 

discharge, monthly-__ 177 

discharge per square mile_ 207

Port Jervis, N. Y.,

Delaware River at:

description __ 165-166 

(discharge 166 

discharge, daily 167 

discharge, monthly__ 167 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights 166
INDEX. 217

Potomac River at Page. 

Point of Rocks, Md.:

'description _ _ 197 

discharge, daily _____ 198-199 

discharge, monthly.____ 199 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights __.._____ 198 

Potomac River basin, stream flow

in ____________ 197-203 

Pottersville, N. Y., 

Schroon Lake at:

description _ 142 

gage heights _________ 142 

Prattsville, N. Y.,

Schoharie Creek at:

description __________ 153

discharge, daily _______ 154

discharge, monthly_____ 154

discharge per square mile_ 207

Pressey, F. E., work of_______ 19

Presumpscot River at 

Sebago Lake outlet, Maine :

description __________ 76-77 

discharge, daily _______ 77 

discharge, monthly_____ 78 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

Presumpscot River basin, stream

flow in__________ 76-77 

Price meters, views of ______ 15 

Publications, lists of__________ 8-10

Q.

Quaboag River at 

West Brimfleld, Mass.:

description __ ____ 111 

discharge__ _ ____ 111

R.

Rappahannock River basin, stream

flow in________________ 203-205

Rappahannock River near 

Fredericksburg, Va.:

description ___________ 203 

discharge___________ 203 

discharge, daily _ 204 

discharge, monthly ____ 205 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights _______ 203-204

Rating curves and tables, accuracy of _ 14 

construction of__________ 13

Rhode Island, cooperation in____ 17

Riegelsville, N. J.,

Delaware River at:

description ________ 167-168 

discharge, daily__ _ 169 

discharge, monthly _____ 169 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights _____ _ 168

Rio, N. Y.,

Mongaup River at:

description _ __ _ _ 172 

discharge _ _____ 172 

discharge, daily____,. _ 173 

discharge, monthly _____ 173 

discharge per square mile. 207 

gage heights 172

Riverbank, N. Y., Page. 

Schroon River at:

description ________ 142-143 

discharge ___________ 143

discharge, daily _______ 144 

discharge, monthly _ 119-120,145 

at North Creek and, 

comparison of, with 

discharge at Thurman ________ 121-122 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights_______ 143-144 

rating table _ _ _ 117 

Rockwood, Maine,

Moose River near:

description __________ 60 

discharge, daily_______ 61 

discharge, monthly _____ 61 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

gage heights ________ 60

Rondout Creek at 

Rosendale, N. Y.:

description _ ___ 160 

discharge, daily _______ 161 

discharge, monthly _-___ 161 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

Rosendale, N. Y.,

Rondout Creek at:

description __________ 160 

discharge, daily _______ 161 

discharge, monthly ____ 161 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

Rossman, N. Y.,

Kinderhook Creek at:

description _________ 156-157

Rumford Falls, Maine,

Androscoggin River at:

description __________ 75 

discharge, monthly _____ 76 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

gage heights _ _ __ _ 75

Run-off, definition of_ _ 11

Sacandaga River at or near 

Hadley; N. Y.:

description ________ 148-149 

discharge__________ 149,151 

discharge, daily _____ 150,152 

discharge, monthly _ 151 

at Thurman and, 

comparison of, with 

discharge at Corinth ________ 121-122 

comparison of, 

with discharge 

at Mechanicville_____ 121-122 

comparison of, with 

discharge at Northville ________ 121-122 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights __- 150,151-152
218 INDEX.

Page.

Sacandaga River at or near- Contd. 

Hope, N. Y.:

description ________ 147-148 

discharge __ 148 

gage heights 148 

Northville, N. Y.:

description _____ _ 117 

discharge, monthly comparison of, with discharge at 

Hadley__________ 121-122 

comparison of, with

discharge at Wells 121-122 

Wells, N. Y.:

description ________ 117,145 

discharge___________ 146 

discharge, daily__ __ 147 

discharge, monthly __ 147 

comparison of, with 

discharge at Northville ________ 121-122 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights_________ 146 

Sacandaga River, West Branch, at 

Blackbridge, N. Y.:

description________ 152-153 

discharge___________ 153 

gage heights _ _ _ 153 

Saco River at or near 

Center Conway, N. H.:

description ______ _ 78 

discharge___________ 78 

gage heights _ 78 

West Buxton, Maine:

description __________ 79 

discharge, daily ________ 80 

discharge, monthly _____ 81 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

Saco River basin, stream flow in__ 78-80 

St. Croix River near 

Woodland, Maine:

description __________ 34 

discharge___________ 35 

discharge, daily _______ 35-36 

discharge, monthly _____ 36 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

gage heights _________ 35 

St. Croix River, West Branch, near 

Baileyville, Maine:

description __________ 36-37

discharge___________ 37

gage heights_________ 37

St. Croix River basin, stream flow In_ 34-37

St. Francis, Maine,

St. Francis River near:

description _ 28 

discharge __________ 28 

discharge, daily _ 29 

discharge, monthly _____ 30 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

gage heights 29 

St. John River at or near 

. Dickey, Maine:

description _ _ _*. 19 

discharge___________ 20 

discharge, daily 20-21

Page. 

St. John River at or near Contd.

Dickey, Maine Continued. -

discharge, monthly 22 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights 20

Fort Kent, Maine:

description _____ 21-22 

discharge ___ 22 

discharge, daily _____ 23 

discharge, monthly _ 23 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights 22

Van Buren, Maine:

description ________ 24

discharge ___ _ 24

discharge, daily _______ 25

discharge, monthly _ 26

discharge per square mile 206

gage heights_________ 24-25

St. John River basin, stream flow in_ 19-34

St. Johnsbury, Vt.,

Passumpsic River near:

description ________ 101-102 

discharge... _____ 102 

discharge, daily _______ 103 

discharge, monthly 103 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights_______ 102 

St. Rose du Degele, Quebec,

Madawaska River at:

description ________ 30 

discharge __ 30 

discharge, daily __ _ 31 

discharge, monthly ___ 32 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights_____ 31 

Sandy River near 

Farmington, Maine:

description ____ _ 68 

discharge _ 69 

gage heights ___ 69 

Schoharie Creek at 

Prattsville, N. Y.:

description ____ 153 

discharge, daily - 154 

discharge, monthly 154 

discharge per square mile 207

Schroon Lake at 

Pottersville, N. Y.:

description ______ .,142 

gage heights 142 

Schroon River at 

Riverbank, N. Y.:

description ______ 142-143

discharge ___ 143

discharge, daily _______ 144

discharge, monthly _ 119-120,145

at North Creek and,

comparison of, with

discharge at Thurman ________ 121-122

discharge per square mile 207

gage heights_______ 143-144

rating table 117
INDEX. 219

Page.

SchuylMll River near 

Philadelphia, Pa.:

description __________ 179 

discharge, daily _______ 179 

discharge, monthly _____ 180 

discharge per square mile_ 207

Sebago Lake outlet, Maine 

Presumpscot River at:

description __________ 76-77 

discharge, daily____ 77 

discharge, monthly_____ 78 

discharge, per square mile_ 206

Sebasticook River at 

Pittsfleld, Maine:

description ________ 69-70 

discharge___________ 70 

discharge, daily_______ 71 

discharge, monthly_____ 71 

discharge, per square mile_ 206 

gage heights_________ 70

Second-foot, definition of___ 11

Sharon, Vt.,

White River near:

description __________ 104 

discharge_ ____ 104 

discharge, daily_______ 105 

discharge, monthly_____ 105 

discharge, per square mile- 207 

gage heights ___ 104

Shelburne Palls, Mass., 

Deerfield River at:

description_________ 108-109 

discharge, daily __ __ 109 

discharge, monthly______ 110 

discharge, per square mile_ 207

Souhegan River at 

Merrlmac, N. H.:

description _____ 90 

discharge, dally_______ 91-92 

discharge, monthly____ 92 

discharge, per square mile_ 206 

gage heights 91

South Bethlehem, Pa., 

Lehigh River at 

. description-. _____ 174-175 

discharge___________ 175 

discharge, daily _ 176 

discharge, monthly__ 176 

discharge, per square mile- 207 

gage heights _ 175

Stamford, Conn.,

Mianus River at:

discharge________ __ 205

Stevens, G. C., work of________ 19

Stream measurement, accuracy of _ 14 15

Sudbury River at 

Pramingham, Mass.:

description. __________ 93 94

discharge, per square mlle_ 20(5 

rainfall ____________ 94-95 

yield_______________ 94-95

Sunderland, Mass.,

Connecticut River at:

description _______ 99 

discharge 99

Page. 

Sunderland, Mass. Continued.

Connecticut River at Continued.

discharge, daily______ 100-101 

discharge, monthly_____ 101 

discharge, per square mile- 207 

gage heights_________ 100 

Susquehanna River at 

Binghamton, N. T.;

description __________ 181 

discharge-__________ 181 

discharge, daily_______ 182 

discharge, monthly_____ 183 

discharge, per square mile- 207 

gage heights________ 182 

Danville, Pa.:

description_________ 185-186 

discharge, daily_____ 186-187 

discharge, monthly_____ 187 

discharge, per square mile- 207 

gage heights_________ 186 

Harrisburg, Pa.:

description_________ 187-188 

discharge, daily_____ 188-189 

discharge, monthly_____ 189 

discharge, per square mile- 207 

gage heights__ ____ 188 

Wilkes-Barre, Pa.:

description__________ 183 

discharge, daily_____ 184-185 

discharge, monthly_____ 185 

discharge, per square mile- 207 

gage heights________ 184 

Susquehanna River, West Branch,

at 

Willlamsport, Pa.:

description __________ 193 

discharge, daily_____ 194-195 

discharge, monthly_____ 195 

discharge, per square mile- 207 

gage heights_________ 194 

Susquehanna River basin, stream

flow in________ 181-197 

Swift River near 

West Ware, Mass.:

description _________ 110 

discharge___________ 110

T.

Tables, explanation of__ __ 12-14 

Terms, definitions of__ _ 10-11 

The* Forks, Maine 

Dead River near:

description _ 66 

discharge____ _ 66 

discharge, daily _ 67-68 

discharge, monthly , 68 

discharge, per square mile_ 206 

gage heights 67 

Kennebec River at:

description ________ _ 62-63 

discharge, daily 64 

discharge, monthly 64 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights 63
220 INDEX.

Thurman, N. T., Page. 

Hudson River at:

(description __________ 125 

discharge___________ 125 

discharge, daily _______ 126 

discharge, monthly_ 119-120,127 

at Hadley and, comparison of, with discharge at Corinth- 121-122 

comparison of, 

with discharge 

at Mechanicville_____ 121-122 

comparison of, with 

discharge at North 

Creek and Riverbank _________ 121-122 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights _______ 125-126 

rating table__________ 117 

Tohickon Creek at 

Point Pleasant, Pa.:

description ________ 176-177 

discharge, daily _______ 177 

discharge, monthly _____ 177 

discharge per square mile_ 207 

Tuttle, A. H., work of_________ 19

U.

Union River at 

Amherst, Maine:

description __________ 40 

discharge___________ 40 

gage heights _________ 41

Union River basin, stream flow in__ 40-46

V.

Van Buren, Maine,

St. John River at:

description __________ 24

discharge___________ 24

discharge, daily _______ 25

discharge, monthly _____ 26

discharge per square mile_ 206

gage heights _ _ ___ 24-25

Vermont, cooperation in_______ 16

Virginia, cooperation in_______ 18

W.

Wallagrass, Maine, 

Fish River at:

description _ __ 

discharge_______________

discharge, daily _________

discharge, monthly ______

discharge per square milegage heights ____________

Walters, N. J., work of___ __-

Ware River at or near 

Barre, Mass.:

discharge- ___ 

Ware, Mass.:

description _____ 

discharge______ ___.

32

32

33

34

206

33

19

205

110

110

Waterville, Maine, Page. 

Kennebec River at:

description _____ __ 65

discharge, daily ___ 65

discharge, monthly __ _ 66

discharge per square mile 206

Weber, Francis, work of_ 19

Wells, N. Y.,

Sacandaga River at:

description ________ 117,145 

discharge ___ _ _ 146 

discharge, daily _______ 147 

discharge, monthly 147 

comparison of, with 

discharge at Northville _________ 121-122 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights ______ _ 146 

See also Blackbridge. 

Wendell, Mass.,

Millers River at:

description ________ 106-107 

discharge __ 107 

West Brimfleld, Mass., 

Quaboag River at:

description ______ 111 

discharge . __ 111

West Buxton, Maine, 

Saco River at:

description ___________

discharge, daily _________

discharge, monthly _______

discharge per square mile__

79

80

81

206

West Enfleld, Maine,

Penobscot River at:

description _______ _ 48-49 

discharge 49 

discharge, daily 50 

discharge, monthly 50 

discharge per square mile 206 

gage heights 49

Westfleld Little River near 

Blandford, Mass.:

description / 116

Westfleld River at 

Knightville, Mass.:

description_________ 111-112 

discharge ___ 112 

discharge, daily _ 113 

discharge, monthly 113 

discharge per square mile__ 207 

gage heights ____ 112

Westfleld River, Middle Branch, at 

Goss Heights, Mass.:

description 114 

discharge -____ 114 

discharge, daily _ 115 

discharge, monthly 115 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights 114

Westfleld River, West Branch, at 

Chester, Mass.:

discharge 205
INDEX. 221

West Stony Creek at 

Northville, N. Y.:

discharge_________

West Ware, Mass., 

Swift River near:

description _____

discharge_________

White River near 

Sharon, Vt.:

description _______

discharge __ 

discharge, daily __ 

discharge, monthly.

Page.

205

110

110

 104

104

105 

105

discharge per square mile_ 207 

gage heights 104 

Whitneyville, Maine, 

Machias River at:

description 38 

discharge___________ 38 

discharge, daily 39 

discharge, monthly__ __ 40 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

gage heights ___ 37-38 

Wilkes-Barre, Pa.,

Susquehanna River at:

description __ _ 183 

discharge, daily______ 1&44-185

Page. 

Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Continued.

Susquehanna River at Contd.

discharge, monthly_____ 185 

discharge per square mile 207 

gage heights _ 184 

Williamsport, Pa.,

West Branch of Susquehanna

River at:

description __________ 193

discharge, daily______ 194-195

discharge, monthly______ 195

discharge per square mile_ 207

gage heights _________ 194

Wood, B. D., work of__________ 19

Woodland, Maine,

St. Croix River near :

description _ ________ 34 

discharge_________ 35

discharge, daily _______ 35-36 

discharge, monthly____:_ 36 

discharge per square mile_ 206 

gage heights ____ __ 35 

Woonasquatucket River at 

Olneyville, R. I.:

description __________ 96 

Woonasquatucket River basin, stream

flow in__________ 96 

Work, subdivision of __________ 19

o