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WHAT'S INSIDE

The Adoption Home Study Process

FACTSHEETS FOR FAMILIES | OCTOBER 2020

Conclusion

Elements of the home study process

Every State, the District of Columbia, and 

Puerto Rico require all prospective adoptive 

parents (with the possible exception of 

stepparents) to participate in a home study 

prior to being considered as an adoptive 

placement for a child or youth. The process 

is subject to change and varies considerably 

from State to State, depending on laws and 

policies for approving prospective families. 

The process involves an assessment of the 

adoptive parent or parents. Although the 

home study can seem intimidating at first, by 

completing the process, parents gain personal 

insight and understanding of the adoption 

process while adoption agencies gather 

important information about the family. 

The home study process has three main 

purposes:

1. Educate and prepare the prospective parent 

or family for adoption

2. Help agencies evaluate the capability and 

suitability of the prospective parent or family 

to adopt

3. Help social workers or home study 

specialists gather information about the 

prospective parent or family to help ensure 

that each child or youth is placed with the 

family that can best meet their needs

The home study report

Common questions about the home study

Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov
Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov 2

Adoption agencies do not look for perfect 

parents. Rather, they seek a good match 

between the needs of an infant, child, or youth 

and a family’s ability to meet those needs. The 

home study is a valuable assessment tool, but 

it also provides accurate information about 

the adoption process that will help you face 

the experience with more confidence and 

less apprehension. This factsheet discusses 

common elements of the home study process 

and addresses questions you may have about 

this important adoption requirement.

If you are planning to adopt a child from 

another country (intercountry adoption), see 

Child Welfare Information Gateway’s factsheet 

for families Intercountry Adoption: What Do I 

Need to Know? and the webpage Home Study 

Requirements from the U.S. Department of 

State.

If you are just beginning your journey to 

adoption, you can find useful information on 

Information Gateway’s Adoption web section. 

Some other resources include the following:

 The factsheet for families Adoption Options: 

Where Do I Start? outlines basic information 

about adoption. 

 The State Statute publication Home Study 

Requirements for Prospective Parents in 

Domestic Adoption, presents home study 

laws, policies, and regulations by State.

 The Home Study webpage offers resources 

about the home study process for different 

types of adoption.

 The National Foster Care & Adoption 

Directory provides a list of public and 

licensed private agencies, attorney referral 

services, support groups, State adoption 

specialists, and more about each State, 

territory, and the District of Columbia.

ELEMENTS OF THE HOME STUDY 

PROCESS

Agencies use different formats to conduct 

home studies. Many include the same steps, 

although the specific details and order may 

vary. For more information about the specific 

home study process you will go through, ask 

the professionals at the agencies with which 

you’re thinking of working.

Common Terms Associated With the 

Home Study Process

In this publication, “agency” and “agencies” 

refer to private and public agencies involved 

with private and public adoptions. Private 

adoption agencies are licensed child-placing 

agencies that focus primarily on domestic or 

intercountry infant adoption. Private adoptions 

that do not involve an adoption agency include 

independent adoptions, which are usually 

arranged between birth and adoptive parents 

and their attorneys.

Public child welfare agencies are county and 

State agencies that promote the well-being, 

permanency, and safety of children and 

families. In terms of adoption, public child 

welfare agencies focus primarily on children 

who are adopted from foster care. Public 

agencies may also assist kinship caregivers 

(relatives who wish to adopt family members 

they have been fostering). 

Some agencies address both private and public 

adoptions. In this publication, if not otherwise 

distinguished, “agency” and “agencies” refer 

to both public and private agencies.
Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov 3

ORIENTATION

Many agencies offer an initial informational 

session or orientation that provides an 

overview of their agency and the adoption 

process. These are generally free and do not 

carry an obligation to work with the agency, 

complete a home study, or pursue adoption 

further. These sessions are a good way to 

find out about the agency, their process, the 

children and youth waiting for adoption, and 

whether the agency might be a good fit for 

you and your family. After the orientation, if 

you decide to move ahead with adoption, you 

may initiate the home study process.

TRAINING

Most States and agencies require training 

for prospective adoptive parents prior to 

or during the home study process. These 

trainings help prospective parents better 

understand the needs of children waiting 

for families, adoption issues, and agency and 

State requirements. They can help families 

understand the characteristics of the child or 

children they could parent most effectively. 

Different kinds of adoption often require 

different types and amounts of preadoption 

training for prospective parents. For more 

information on training, see Information 

Gateway’s Preadoption Training and 

Resources on Trauma for Caregivers and 

Families web sections.

If you are a foster parent or kinship 

caregiver, you have already completed a 

home study. Your State will likely require 

an updated home study if you plan to 

adopt the child in your care. All States 

require a completed home study with a 

criminal background check, even if you 

are pursuing a private adoption that does 

not involve an adoption agency. In these 

cases, your adoption attorney may refer 

you to a licensed home study specialist or 

an agency that can provide a home study 

specialist to conduct your home study.

Training for Parents Adopting 

Children From Foster Care

To provide foster and adoptive parents 

the training, knowledge, and ongoing 

skills they need to effectively parent 

children and youth they foster and/or 

adopt, the Children’s Bureau awarded a 

grant to Spaulding for Children to develop 

the National Training and Development 

Curriculum for Foster and Adoptive 

Parents. Several of the skills addressed 

in the training are discussed throughout 

this factsheet. The curriculum is in 

development and will be pilot tested and 

evaluated in various States and a Tribal 

community. The final curriculum will be 

available for free across the United States 

in 2022. 

Meanwhile, you can explore the 

curriculum, visit AdoptUSKids’ Training 

to Become a Foster Parent or to Adopt

webpage, and ask about the training 

provided by agencies you are considering 

working with.
Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov 4

INTERVIEWS

Whether you are single or a couple, you will 

be interviewed by a home study specialist 

several times. These interviews help you 

develop a relationship that enables the 

specialist to better understand you and 

your family. You will discuss the topics to be 

covered in the home study report (see page 

5). You will likely be asked to give examples 

of your experiences with children, your 

important relationships, your approach to 

parenting, and how you handle stress. You 

may also be asked about your experiences of 

grief and loss, crisis, or infertility, which are 

topics of relevance for many adoptive families. 

If you are adopting from a public agency, you 

and your home study specialist will discuss 

which age ranges of adoptive children best 

fit your family, if a sibling group would be a 

good fit, and other important considerations 

when adopting a child. Whether you are 

pursuing a public or private adoption, this 

should be both a self-reflective process and 

a time to educate yourself about important 

issues common in the adoption experience, 

such as trust, attachment, childhood trauma, 

the developmental life cycle, and family 

dynamics. Every child involved in adoption 

has experienced separation and loss, and 

many also have experienced trauma that may 

impact their development. Families need to 

make informed decisions about how they 

can effectively parent a child considering 

that trauma. You need to be honest with the 

home study specialist and yourself about your 

family’s strengths and limitations.

If you are part of a couple, a home study 

specialist may interview both of you together 

or conduct joint and individual interviews, 

depending on agency policy. If you have other 

children in the family, or adult children living 

outside the home, the home study specialist 

may include them during this process. Some 

States require that all adults in the household, 

or even all household members regardless of 

age, be included in the home study.

HOME VISIT

Home visits primarily ensure that your family 

offers a safe environment for a child and 

meets State licensing standards (e.g., working 

smoke alarms, safe storage of firearms, safe 

water, pools covered/fenced, and adequate 

space for each child). Your home should be 

free from hazards and offer a child-friendly 

environment for the age range for which you 

are being licensed. For example, poisons and 

household cleaners should be in cupboards 

with childproof locks, window drape cords 

should not hang within reach, and firearms 

should be inaccessible to children. Some 

States require an inspection from local health 

and fire departments in addition to the visit 

by the home study specialist. 

For State-specific resources on licensing 

requirements for adoption from foster care, 

visit Information Gateway’s State Guides 

and Manuals Search webpage. Under Select 

Topics, select both Adoption and Licensing. 

Under Select All Audiences, select Parents.

Generally, agencies require the home 

study specialist to view all areas of your 

house or apartment, including where the 

children will sleep, the basement, and the 

backyard. They will look for how you plan 

to accommodate a new family member (or 

members if you are planning to adopt more 

than one child or a sibling group). Home 

study specialists do not typically inspect your 
Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov 5

housekeeping standards. A certain level of 

order is necessary, but some family clutter 

is expected. A comfortable, child-friendly 

environment is what they look for.

HEALTH STATEMENTS

Most agencies require that you provide 

evidence of a recent physical exam and a 

statement from a doctor confirming that you 

are essentially healthy, have a normal life 

expectancy, and are physically and mentally 

able to handle the care of a child.

A medical condition that is under control (for 

instance, high blood pressure or diabetes 

that is controlled by diet and medication), 

is unlikely to concern your home study 

specialist. A serious health problem that 

affects life expectancy, however, may affect 

your home study specialist’s recommendation. 

Typically, physical and mental health are 

considered in determining competency to 

care for a child or children and the ages 

of children that may be a good match. 

The recommended ages of children are 

a particularly important point for older 

caregivers.

If your family has sought counseling or 

treatment for a mental health condition in the 

past, you may be asked to provide information 

or reports from those visits. Many agencies 

view seeking help as a sign of strength. The 

fact that your family obtained such help 

should not, in and of itself, preclude you from 

adopting. However, each family’s situation is 

unique, so check with the agencies or home 

study specialists you are considering working 

with if you have concerns.

INCOME AND HEALTH COVERAGE 

STATEMENTS

Prospective adoptive parents must be able 

to show they can manage their finances 

responsibly and adequately. Usually, 

prospective parents are asked to verify their 

income by providing copies of paycheck 

stubs, W-2 forms, or income tax forms. Many 

agencies also ask about savings, insurance 

policies (including health coverage for the 

adopted child),1 investments, and debts. 

For more information on resources to support 

the costs of adoption, see Information 

Gateway’s Adoption Assistance web section. 

For more information on health care for 

children adopted from foster care, see HealthCare Coverage for Youth in Foster Care—and 

After.

BACKGROUND CHECKS

All States require criminal and child abuse 

record checks for adoptive and foster parent 

applicants. In most States, the background 

investigation includes a check of Federal, 

State, and local criminal records. Your State 

may require that you submit your fingerprints 

as well. Your home study specialist may advise 

you on how to complete these requirements, 

but they are not responsible for completing 

them for you. For more information on the 

requirements in your State, read Information 

Gateway’s publication Background Checks 

for Prospective Foster, Adoptive, and Kinship 

Caregivers.

1 Protections for Newborns, Adopted Children, and New Parents...The Newborns’ and Mothers’ 

Health Protection Act of 1996, from the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employee Benefits Security 

Administration, notes that parents should enroll their child in their health insurance policy within 

30 days of their placement or adoption to ensure coverage. The Employee Benefits Security 

Administration has oversight over employer-offered insurance benefits and may be able to answer 

families’ questions.
Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov 6

Agencies must comply with State and 

Federal laws and policies regarding licensing 

requirements, if applicable, and how the 

findings of background checks affect eligibility 

for adoptive parents. Do not hesitate to talk 

to the home study specialists and staff of 

agencies you are considering about specific 

situations that might disqualify you from 

adopting. Agencies will consider your past 

experiences as well as how you dealt with 

them, what you learned from them, and how 

you would use that knowledge in parenting a 

child. If you have a history of criminal activity, 

some agencies may be able to work with your 

family, depending on the specific incident and 

its resolution. If the home study specialist 

finds you to be deceptive or dishonest about 

your history, or if the documents collected 

during the home study process expose 

inconsistencies, the agency may not approve 

your family to adopt.

AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL STATEMENT

Many adoption agencies ask prospective 

adoptive parents to write an autobiographical 

statement or story. This is, essentially, the 

story of your life. It helps the home study 

specialist understand your family better and 

assists them in writing the home study report. 

You may be asked to write a letter or create 

an album, scrapbook (electronic or hardcopy), 

Facebook page, or other social media page 

about your family to be shared with parents 

who are considering adoption for their child. 

You may be asked to prepare a similar album 

for children if you are considering adopting 

children who are old enough to read or 

understand pictures.

While writing about yourself may seem 

difficult, the exercise is intended to provide 

information about you to the agency as well as 

to help you explore issues related to parenting 

and adoption. Some agencies have people 

available to assist you with writing. Most have 

a set of questions to guide you through the 

writing process.

YOUR REFERENCES

The agency may ask you for the names and 

contact information of several people who 

will serve as references for you. References 

help the home study specialist form a more 

complete picture of your family and support 

network.

If possible, references should be people 

who have known you for years, seen you 

in many situations, visited your home, and 

know of your interest in and involvement 

with children. Most agencies require that 

references be people who are not related to 

you. Good choices might include close friends, 

a former teacher, a neighbor, or a member of 

your faith community (if applicable).

Your family’s approval to adopt would rarely 

be denied on the grounds of a single negative 

reference; however, if it were one of several 

negative factors, the agency might be unable 

to approve your family to adopt.

THE HOME STUDY REPORT

Typically, the steps previously discussed 

conclude with the home study specialist writing 

a home study report that reflects their findings. 

Home study reports are often used to introduce 

your family to other agencies or adoption 

exchanges (services that list children who are 

hoping for adoptive families) to assist them in 

matching your family with a child who is waiting 

for adoption. 
Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov 7

In addition to health and income statements, 

background checks, and references, home 

study reports also include the following types of 

information for each prospective adoptive parent:

 Family background—This can include 

information about your childhood, how 

you were parented, past and current 

relationships with parents and siblings, key 

events and losses, and what your family 

learned from them. 

 Education/employment—This report 

contains information about your current 

educational level, satisfaction with your 

educational achievements or plans to further 

your education, employment status, work 

history, plans for the future, and satisfaction 

with your current job(s).

 Relationships—If you are part of a couple 

pursuing adoption, the report may cover 

your relationship history as well as your 

current relationship (for example, how 

you make decisions, solve problems, 

communicate, and show affection). If you 

are a single applicant, you will be asked 

about your social life and how you anticipate 

integrating a child into it as well as about 

your network of relatives and friends.

 Daily life—This report can include information 

about your routines during a typical weekday, 

how you intend to arrange for child care 

during the weekends (if you work outside the 

home), and your hobbies and interests.

 Parenting—This report can contain 

information about your experiences with 

children (for example, your own children, 

relatives’ children, and children known 

through neighbors, volunteer work, 

babysitting, teaching, or coaching) and 

your plans regarding discipline and other 

parenting approaches and issues.

 Neighborhood—This section of the report 

describes your neighborhood, including 

safety and proximity to community 

resources.

 Religion/belief system—This section of 

the report can contain information about 

your religion, level of religious practice 

(if applicable), and the kind of religious 

upbringing, if any, you plan to provide for 

the child.

 Feelings about/readiness for adoption—

There may be a section on specific adoption 

issues, including why you want to adopt; 

feelings about infertility (if this is an issue); 

the characteristics or needs of a child or 

youth you might best parent, and why; 

and how you plan to talk to your children 

about adoption-related topics. Questions 

regarding how you feel about the level of 

ongoing contact with the birth family that 

would work best are likely, depending on the 

type of adoption you seek. (Note: Families’ 

feelings about supporting birth family 

relationships typically change throughout 

the home study process as they learn 

more and become more comfortable with 

the process.) For more information, read 

Information Gateway’s Helping Your Adopted 

Children Maintain Important Relationships 

With Family.

 Support system—When individuals or 

families face difficult times, having support 

systems in place or positive responses 

to difficult circumstances can help build 

resilience. A home study specialist may ask 

who you reach out to or what supports you 

rely on during stressful situations.
Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov 8

 Approval/recommendation—The 

home study report will conclude with a 

summary and the home study specialist’s 

recommendations. If you are adopting 

from a public agency, the summary often 

includes the age range and number 

of children the home study specialist 

recommends for your family. Most home 

studies usually identify who will be the 

child’s guardian and what the plan is for the 

child if something happens to the parent(s). 

A section is also included on other people 

in the home (family or friends) and training 

the family has completed.

Some agencies share the final home study 

with prospective parents; others do not. Since 

you will provide copies of personal documents 

(e.g., marriage licenses and divorce decrees), 

you may want to ask the home study specialist 

about the confidentiality of the home study 

report and how extensively your information 

will be shared. Agency policies vary greatly, 

depending on the kind of agency and type of 

adoption you are pursuing. In many cases, the 

information will be shared with other agencies 

to help connect your family with a child. In 

some cases, relevant parts of the home study 

may be shared with birth parents.

COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT 

THE HOME STUDY

You may have questions about the home 

study and its impact on the adoption. Some 

of the most frequently asked questions are 

addressed below.

HOW LONG WILL THE HOME STUDY TAKE?

On average, a home study process takes 3 to 6 

months to complete, though the time it takes 

to conduct the home study varies from agency 

to agency, depending on factors such as how 

many caseworkers are assigned to conduct 

home studies, what other duties they have, 

how many other people applied to the agency 

at the same time, when required training is 

offered, and how long it takes to complete 

your background check and fingerprinting. 

Home studies for adoptions from foster or 

kinship care usually take less time than other 

types of adoption. The time it takes will 

depend on you as well. You can help speed 

the process by filling out your paperwork, 

scheduling your medical appointments, and 

gathering the required documents without 

delay.

Adoption in the time of coronavirus has 

required changes to the home study 

process. Many agencies now allow virtual 

home studies in which potential adoptive 

parents meet and speak with home study 

specialists over web meeting platforms. 

Some feel that this method prevents 

parents from presenting their family and 

home life as thoroughly as they could in 

an in-person home study. Others feel that 

agencies may not learn as much about 

the parents as they would in a face-toface conversation. Although it may not 

be ideal, this flexibility allows the home 

study process to move forward, despite 

the complications of the pandemic. Some 

modifications allow prospective parents to 

provide PDFs of their financial statements, 

paychecks, and medical and educational 

records. Sometimes, parents can also 

be granted temporary approval without 

fingerprinting once background checks 

have been completed.
Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov 9

HOW MUCH DOES A HOME STUDY CASE 

COST?

The cost of the home study depends on the kind 

of adoption you pursue. Agencies conducting 

domestic adoptions of children from foster 

care may not charge a fee for the home study. 

According to AdoptUSKids, if these agencies do 

charge a fee, it is often very low, and after you 

adopt a child from foster care, the fee is usually 

reimbursed by the child welfare agency. A 

private agency or certified home study specialist 

in private practice might charge from $1,000 to 

$3,000 for the home study. Other services (such 

as an application fee and preplacement services) 

may be included in this fee. Be sure to discuss 

fees thoroughly with your agency or home 

study specialist and ask for this information in 

writing to avoid misunderstandings.

Updates or modifications of past home studies, 

conversions of home studies from other 

agencies, and subsequent home studies (if 

you previously adopted a child with the same 

agency) may incur different fees. Home studies 

expire, although the time period varies from 

State to State (usually 6 to 24 months), so you 

need to keep your home study current. Your 

home study specialist can advise you about 

expiration dates.

WHAT MIGHT DISQUALIFY MY FAMILY 

FROM ADOPTING?

Aside from a criminal record or overriding 

safety concerns that would preclude agencies 

from approving your home study, the decision 

to qualify or disqualify a family is made on a 

case-by-case basis. Most adoption agencies 

respect culture and diversity in families seeking 

to adopt, including single-parent families and 

same-sex couples. The home study process 

is a way for a home study specialist to learn 

more about your family and a potential home 

for waiting children. It is also an opportunity 

for you to explore adoption and consider, 

with the help of an adoption agency or home 

study specialist, the child or youth you will 

be best able to parent. Although agencies are 

not looking for perfect parents or families, all 

families need to be thoroughly vetted to ensure 

they are ready and able to provide a permanent 

home for a child.

Who is approved to adopt varies from agency to 

agency, from State to State, and, in intercountry 

adoptions, by the child’s country of origin. 

Adoptions in the United States are governed by 

Federal, State, and local laws, regulations, and 

policies. Information Gateway has compiled 

States’ laws regarding this topic in Who May 

Adopt, Be Adopted, or Place a Child for Adoption?

Within State guidelines, many public agencies 

are looking for ways to rule families in, rather 

than rule them out, to meet the needs of 

children in the U.S. foster care system waiting 

for adoptive families. Many States also post their 

policies online. Information Gateway has links 

to every State’s online adoption information at 

State Child Welfare Agency Websites.

For more information about costs of 

adoption, adoption tax credits, and other 

resources to help defray costs, see the 

Adoption Costs and Sources of Financial 

Support section of the Information 

Gateway website. For information on the 

Federal adoption credit and adoption 

assistance programs, visit the website of 

the Internal Revenue Service.
Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov 10

HOW WILL THE CHILDREN IN OUR FAMILY 

BE INVOLVED IN THE HOME STUDY?

Your children (whether they were born into 

your family or joined through foster care, 

adoption, or marriage) will be included in the 

home study. Older children may be invited to 

participate in age-appropriate groups during 

one or more of the educational sessions. They 

also might be asked to write a statement 

describing their feelings and preferences 

about having a new brother or sister.

The home study specialist conducting your 

home study will likely want to know how the 

children do in school, what their interests and 

hobbies are, what their friends are like, and 

how their behavior is rewarded or disciplined. 

It is common for a home study specialist to 

ask to speak with a child’s teacher or have 

the teacher provide information in writing. 

There will also be an emphasis on how the 

children see a new sibling (or siblings) fitting 

into the family and whether they are prepared 

to share your time and attention. Children’s 

input is usually quite important in the overall 

assessment of a family’s readiness to adopt a 

child. The home study specialist will look for 

verification that an adopted child or children 

will be welcomed and loved by all family 

members.

CONCLUSION

Although the adoption home study process 

may seem invasive or lengthy, it is conducted 

to find a match that will best meet the 

specific needs of an infant, child, or youth. 

It is structured to ensure that children are 

matched with families who can provide homes 

that are loving, healthy, and safe. The process 

also serves to help you to prepare your family 

for adoption and to help you consider the 

child or youth you can best parent. Adoption 

is a lifelong decision, and the home study 

process ensures that your family will have the 

capacity to provide the care your adoptive 

child needs over time. The home study is not 

just about the final report. Providing a safe 

home is important, but the family makes the 

miracles, not the building they live in.

For a collection of questions and answers 

designed to address some of the concerns 

that prospective adoptive parents 

who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, 

or transgender may encounter when 

deciding to adopt a child or navigating 

the adoption process, see the Information 

Gateway publication Frequently Asked 

Questions From Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, 

Transgender, and Questioning (LGBTQ) 

Prospective Foster and Adoptive Parents. 

Information about issues to consider when 

making the decision to adopt as a single 

person are available in the publication 

Adopting as a Single Parent.

Thousands of children in the U.S. foster 

care system are waiting for families. The 

AdoptUSKids website provides a national 

photolisting of some of the children who 

are waiting to be adopted (en Español).
Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS | 800.394.3366 | Email: info@childwelfare.gov | https://www.childwelfare.gov 11

SUGGESTED CITATION: 

Child Welfare Information Gateway. (2020). 

The adoption home study process. U.S. 

Department of Health and Human Services, 

Administration for Children and Families, 

Children’s Bureau. https://www.childwelfare.

gov/pubs/f-homstu/

This material may be freely reproduced and distributed. However, when doing so, please credit Child Welfare Information 

Gateway. This publication is available online at https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/f-homstu/.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Administration for Children and Families

Administration on Children, Youth and Families

Children’s Bureau