nialofflight.gov

THE 1902 GLIDERHOW THE PROBLEM OF CONTROL WAS SOLVED

Three-Axis Control

By rotating the elevator control bar with hishands, the pilot moves the forward elevator topitch the glider nose-up or nose-down. Here, the pilot has moved the hip cradle to his left,moving the control cables and warping thewings as indicated. The glider rolls to the left.The vertical rudder also moves left to counteractthe increased drag created by the greater angleof attack on the right—that is, adverse yaw.

DETAIL: The Wrights connectedbracing wires and uprights towing struts with waxed linencord and fittings custom-made ofmild steel.
so, te gts ee codet tey 

the problem of control. They were the

focus their attention on determining th

ments for an engine and propellers that 

tain them in flight. On December 17, 19

first time in history, an airplane took off, moved forward under its own power, and landed at a point 

that from which it had started.Three more flights followed that day demonstrating, beyond any doub

machine was capable of sustained flight under the complete control of the pilot.

To the Educator

In honor of the 100th anniversary of flight, the U.S. Congress established the U.S. Centennial of Flight C

The Commissioners and their partners are encouraging educators and students to learn about 

brothers’ achievements and the contributions of others whose vision, persistence, and ingenuity hav

from the first powered flight to the surface of the Moon and on to a permanent presence in space.

The links that are provided below will take you where you need to go to get started. NASA’s “Re-Living 

Way” Web site, http://wright.nasa.gov, serves as the portal to the five Web-based experiences describ

following panels.Individual Web sites are also provided for each experience.The Topic Hotlists and the 

Scrapbook will be particularly useful if you are introducing your students to the Internet.The Treasure Hu

Sampler,and WebQuest are designed for more experienced Internet users.Each Web-based experienc

a wide variety of topics, categorized by grade level, for you and your students to use as you explor

present, and future of aviation. This “Re-Living the Wright Way” site also hosts a multitude of aerospa

educational resources. Also visit NASA’s Celebrating Flight Web site, http://spacelink.nasa.gov/celebr

for NASA investigations related to 100 years of flight—past, present, and future.

The U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission’s Web site, www.centennialofflight.gov, has a vas

resources related to the history of aviation and aerospace. Under “For Educators and Student

find posters, a downloadable bookmark, essays, and an “Educational Resource Matrix” with hu

aviation- and aerospace-related educational links. The “Sights and Sounds of Aviation” category 

features pictures, films, and special collections. Many other exciting and interesting resource

found throughout the site. A list of organizations that are working with the commission can be 

www.centennialofflight.gov/partners

You may wish to subscribe to NASA’s Spacelink EXPRESS, an electronic mailing list for educators. By signing 

service at http://spacelink.nasa.gov/express, you will receive notification about new NASA aerospa

materials and opportunities as they become available. Additional NASA resources are provided thro

back panels of this poster.

We hope that the 100th anniversary of powered flight and the related information on this poster will

help you to inspire your students to learn from the past, imagine the future, and become the next

generation of inventors, innovators, and dreamers!
Multimedia Scrapbook—Download Media

http://wright.nasa.gov/scrapbook

WHAT IT IS

A Multimedia Scrapbook focuses on providing links to a variety of NASA media and content t

photographs, maps, stories, facts, quotations, sound clips, videos, and virtual tours. A Scrapbo

be used to explore aspects of a topic that a user feels is important or interesting.

HOW TO USE

Download or copy and paste scrapbook items into a variety of formats—new

desktop slide presentation, collage, HyperStudio stack, or Web page. The Mult

Scrapbook offers an open, student-centered approach that encourages const

of meaning. An educator might use the Topic Hotlist and Scrapbook to promo

constructivist learning that can happen when students synthesize a large and cont

rich selection of data and experiences.

STARTER COLLECTION

Aerospace Multimedia Collection (Grades K–12)

A vast resource of aviation Web sites has been categorized by topics and information along w

types of media (photos, video, audio clips). The resources have been put in chronological ord

the earliest dream of flying to the future of the aerospace industry. Suggested projects utilizing th

mation and resources are intended to serve as catalysts for educator ideas in the K–12 classro

LEARNING OUTCOMES

FINDING SOMETHING USEFUL TARGETING SPECIFIC LEARNING

Download Media Open Exploration

Multimedia

Scrapbook

Topic

Hotlist

Build

Knowledge

Connect 

Affectively

Problem

Solve

Treasure

Hunt

Subject

Sampler

WebQu
A Topic Hotlist can be used to shape activities that utilize NASA resources a

related to learning.The natural way to begin integrating the Web for learning is 

lecting sites that one finds most useful, interesting, and intriguing. What’s missin

exact learning to be achieved. That is left up to the educator. A Topic Hotlist is a

strategy to employ.The educator simply adds the Web resources to an activity a

prepared or being prepared.

STARTER COLLECTION

Wings and Things that Fly (Grades K–3)

Learn about “nature’s flyers.”

Aeronautics and Flight (Grades K–3)

Investigate the forces of flight and how airplanes fly. Discover the history of flight through interesting 

Famous Fliers (Grades K–3)

Learn about the men and women pioneers of aviation.

Paper Airplanes (Grades K–3)

Learn about paper airplane folding . . . at its best!

Wheels to Wings (Grades 4–6) 

Investigate the Wright brothers and the process of invention from bicycles to biplanes.

Aerospace Careers Are for Everyone! (Grades 4–9)

Learn more about the opportunities and meet the people who help us reach into the sky and 

stars.

Toys that Fly (Grades 4–12)

Discover the flying toy that inspired the Wright brothers and how flying toys have changed since 

Flight, Born of Dreams (Grades 7–12)

Read prominent ancient legends, balloon ascents, and early fixed-wing flight with historical refe

and the pioneers who dreamed and worked to give us wings.

Why Fly? (Grades 7–12)

Find out about the personal inspiration of pilots, astronauts, and others who wanted to experien

conquest of the sky and space.

The Next 100 Years of Flight (Grades 7–12)

Glimpse into plans for unusual aircraft and amazing technology that will change transportation

and space travel in your future.

Forces of Flight (Grades 10–12)

Find out about the science of aeronautics with a special emphasis on Bernoulli’s Principle.
knowledge. By choosing questions that define the scope or parameters of the top

dents can be guided into more reflective thinking. Finally, by including a culm

“big question,” students can synthesize what they have learned and shape it 

broader understanding of the big picture.

STARTER COLLECTION

Wind Beneath My Wings (Grades K–3) 

Your mission is to investigate the fabulous four forces of flight to uncover the mystery of what 

airplane into the sky and why a heavy airplane can stay in the sky. Design, construct, and test a 

airplane.

The Wright Information (Grades 4–6) 

Let’s place the Wright brothers in historical context with investigative questions such as: When the 

brothers first flew at Kitty Hawk, how many stars were on the U.S. flag? Research why they travele

Ohio to North Carolina to do their experiments.

Famous Pilots Challenge (Grades 7–12)

This is an interactive learning tool to quiz students’ knowledge of the “icons” of aerospace. The at

and dreams of these courageous men and women may inspire others to pursue new heights in th

careers and lives.

Toys that Fly (Grades 7–12)

Frisbees, rubberband-powered gliders, and boomerangs can’t compare with the size and power o

the smallest airplane. Nevertheless, they all have to fly through the same atmosphere. Are the forc

keep a 747 Jumbo jet flying at 30,000 feet the same as the forces on your Frisbee?

Higher, Faster, Farther, Part 1 (Grades 7–9) 

Successful scientists and inventors always record their data carefully. Your guided hunt on the I

will have you searching for information about their flights and then using the data to investigate th

tionship between altitude and time.

Higher, Faster, Farther, Part 2 (Grades 10–12) 

Successful scientists and inventors always record their data carefully. Your guided hunt on the I

will have you searching for information about their flights and then using the data to investigate th

tionship between speed and time.

NASA Student Competition Opportunities!

NASA Student Involvement Program (NSIP)—Science and Technology

Journalism Competition (K–12) “Reflecting Upon the Adventures of Flight”

http://education.nasa.gov/nsip
the Web-based activities from a personal perspective. Rather than unco

knowledge (as they do in a Treasure Hunt), students are asked about t

spectives on topics, comparisons to experiences they have had, and p

interpretations of data. Students see that their views are valued in this c

STARTER COLLECTION

Wings and Things that Fly (Grades K–3)

Long before the Space Shuttle, even before Orville and Wilbur Wright ventured to Kitty Hawk

gave us the first flyers. What have we learned from “nature’s flyers” and how has this inf

human flight? Discover the difference between true flight and glided flight, learn about fli

terns, and construct models of different animal wings, comparing them with the wings o

plane. Then create a presentation that shows how one of “nature’s flyers” might have inf

flight.

From Pilots to Passengers: The People Behind Flight (Grades 4–6)

When the Wright brothers first flew, only a few people were around to witness the event and to h

so today! Get to know the people behind flight from the pilots to the passengers!

A Place for Me in Aerospace (Grades 4–9)

Meet the people who work in the field of aerospace through Web chats, online interviews, an

Web sites. Pick out an aerospace career that fits you!

Evolution of Wings (Grades 7–12)

Journey through time as we investigate the search for flight from insects and birds to early 

attempts to fly. What lessons have we learned from nature, and how are we translating that into 

tive designs for flight around our own planet and the investigation of other worlds? Join the jour

Poster Credits

The back of “The 1902 Glider—How the Problem of Control Was Solved” educational wallsheet was developed by NASA He

Office of Education in cooperation with the Office of Aerospace Technology and the U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission by 

ing individuals: Bill Anderson, Shelley Canright, Debbie Gallaway, Marisa Harper, and Pam Mountjoy. The 2001–2002 Alb

Distinguished Educator Fellows, representing four Federal agencies and Congressional offices, developed the Web tasks tha

enced on this poster. They include Peg Steffen, Cathy Barthelemy, Nick Cabot, Todd Clark, Katylee Hoover, Kathleen Burke Ho

Howell, Kevin Manning, and Joseph McInerney.

The illustration on the front of the poster originally appeared as a supplement in the April/May 1998 issue of AIR & SPACE Ma

illustration was drawn by Bruce Morser and designed by Phil Jordan and Gretchen Maxwell in consultation with Rick Young.The S

Institution has copyrighted the image.
HOW TO USE

Students benefit from being linked to a wide variety of Web resources so that they can explore and 

sense of the issues involved in the challenge.Students begin by learning some common background 

edge, and then they divide into groups. Once divided into groups, each student or pair of student

particular role, task, or perspective to master. They effectively become experts on one aspect of a 

When the roles come together, students must synthesize their learning by completing a summarizi

such as e-mailing or presenting their interpretation to NASA experts on the topic.

A NASA WebQuest might be used as a first activity to quickly immerse students in real learning 

filling in the broader picture with a NASA Treasure Hunt or Subject Sampler.

STARTER COLLECTION

Famous Aviators (Grades K–3)

Take a Web trip through the centennial of flight with the famous aviators who flew those marvelou

machines. Pick an aviator you’d most like to be and play the part at the Virtual Aviator’s Convent

Wind Tunnels (Grades 4–6) 

Shakespeare called the atmosphere “airy nothing.” He was right about many things, but wrong 

case! Air is real and can lift everything from the willowy 1903 Wright Flyer to today’s largest jum

Explore online NASA wind tunnel data sets and answer questions about the four forces of flight.

Wing-Warping Controversy: The Great Debate (Grades 4–6)

The Wright patent was one of the most important ever issued by the United States, but some his

say it hindered the growth of aviation.Why? The key to Wright flight control was wing-warping; late

tors substituted ailerons, which are standard today. The Wrights felt their patent covered ailero

sued all other airplane makers. Hold a “Great Debate” in your class to discuss the issue.

Wing-Warping Controversy: The Great Debate (Grades 7–12)

See above description.

From Wright Flyer to Mars Airplane (Grades 7–12)

This WebQuest activity highlights the physical and technological advancements made in the tra

from flight in the Earth’s atmosphere to flying a uniquely designed aircraft that is able to trave

atmosphere of different composition and density on another planet. In the end, prepare a prop

the design of a Mars airplane!

Forces of Flight (Grades 10–12) 

Critically evaluate one’s understanding of the forces that affect flying objects and then develop

ways to explain why things fly to other people.
http://aerospace.nasa.gov/edu

The NASA “Sci” Files Video—Web Series (Grades 3–5)

Students use a problem-based approach to solve scientific mysteries with the Treehouse Detectives 

“Sci” Files Club (http://scifiles.larc.nasa.gov/treehouse.html).

Exploring Aeronautics CD-ROM (Grades 5–8)

An interactive exploration of how airplanes work and how NASA tests them

(http://catalog.core.nasa.gov/core.nsf/item/400.0-91).

NASA CONNECT Video—Web Series (Grades 6–8)

Establish the connection between mathematics, science, and technology learned in school and us

day by NASA researchers (http://connect.larc.nasa.gov).

Earth to Orbit: Engineering Design Challenges Curriculum Supplement (Grades 6–9)

Use specially prepared activity guides to investigate NASA engineering challenges 

(http://eto.nasa.gov).

Flight-Testing Newton’s Laws CD-ROM, Videos, and Educator Guide (Grades 9–12)

Fly with NASA test pilots and perform research with NASA engineers with this interactive multimed

age (http://trc.dfrc.nasa.gov/trc/ntps).

Virtual Skies Web Site (Grades 9–12)

Students use NASA air traffic management techniques to make real-life decisions in aeronautics, 

phy, mathematics, and meteorology (http://quest.nasa.gov/aero/virtual).

NASAexplores Web Site (Grades K–12)

Weekly educational activities and informational updates on cutting-edge NASA aerospace tec

research (http://www.nasaexplores.com).

The Wright Way Web Site (Grades K–12)

Join NASA in celebrating the 100th anniversary of flight (http://wright.nasa.gov).

Centennial of Flight Posters (Grades K–12)

Attractive and informative tools for celebrating a century of flight

(http://www.centennialofflight.gov/education/posters.htm).

Mobile Aeronautics Education Laboratory (Grades K–12)

Learn how to establish an aeronautics learning lab in your community (http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW

Destination Tomorrow Video—Web Series (Grades 9–Adult)

NASA research—past, present, and future—is highlighted in a magazine-style format, with segments

ranging in length from three to eight minutes (http://destination.larc.nasa.gov).
Educator Resource Center Network (ERCN)

To make additional information available to the education

community, NASA has created the NASA Educator

Resource Center Network (ERCN). Educators may preview,

copy, or receive NASA materials at these sites. Phone calls

are welcome if you are unable to visit the ERC that serves

your geographic area. The following is a list of the centers

and the regions they serve:

NASA Spacelink is one of NASAs electron

specifically developed for the educationa

Spacelink serves as an electronic library to N

tional and scientific resources, with hundreds of 

arranged in a manner familiar to educators. Us

Search, educators and students can easily fin

among NASA’s thousands of Internet resou

events, missions, and intriguing NASA Web sites 

in Spacelink’s Hot Topics and Cool Picks areas. S

be accessed at http://spacelink.nasa.gov

NASA educational products can be found on 

http://spacelink.nasa.gov/products

NASA Television (NTV) features Space Station and 

coverage, live special events, interactive educatio

electronic field trips,aviation and space news,and 

footage.Programming has a three-hour block—Vid

NASA Gallery, and Education File—beginning at 

and repeated four more times throughout the day.

empt regularly scheduled programming.

Check the Internet for program listings at

http://www.nasa.gov/ntv

For more information on NTV, contact:

NASA TV

NASA Headquarters—Code P-2

Washington, DC 20546-0001

Phone: (202) 358-3572

NTV Weekday Programming Schedules (Easte

Video File NASA Gallery Education 

12–1 p.m. 1–2 p.m. 2–3 p.m.

3–4 p.m. 4–5 p.m. 5–6 p.m.

6–7 p.m. 7–8 p.m. 8–9 p.m.

9–10 p.m. 10–11 p.m. 11–12 p.m.

12–1 a.m. 1–2 a.m. 2–3 a.m.

Please take a moment to evaluate this 

http://ehb2.gsfc.nasa.gov/edcats/education

Your evaluation and suggestions are vital t

improving NASA educational materials. Thank yo

EW–2

AK,Northern CA,HI,ID,MT,NV,OR,UT,

WA, WY

NASA Educator Resource Center

NASA Ames Research Center

Mail Stop 253-2

Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000

Phone: (650) 604-3574

http://amesnews.arc.nasa.gov/erc/

erchome.html

IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, WI

NASA Educator Resource Center

NASA Glenn Research Center

Mail Stop 8-1

21000 Brookpark Road

Cleveland, OH 44135

Phone: (216) 433-2017

http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/PAO/

html/edteachr.htm

CT, DE, DC, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA,

RI, VT

NASA Educator Resource Center

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Mail Code 130.3

Greenbelt, MD 20771-0001

Phone: (301) 286-8570

http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/vc/erc.htm

CO, KS, NE, NM, ND, OK, SD, TX

Space Center Houston

NASA Educator Resource Center for 

NASA Johnson Space Center

1601 NASA Road One

Houston, TX 77058

Phone: (281) 244-2129

http://www.spacecenter.org/

educator_resource.html

FL, GA, PR, VI

NASA Educator Resource Center

NASA Kennedy Space Center

Mail Code ERC

Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899

Phone: (321) 867-4090

http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/kscpao/

educate/teacher.htm#educate

KY, NC, SC, VA, WV

Virginia Air & Space Center

Educator Resource Center for 

NASA Langley Research Center

600 Settlers Landing Road

Hampton, VA 23669-4033

Phone: (757) 727-0900, ext. 757

http://www.vasc.org/erc/

AL, AR, IA, LA, MO, TN

U.S. Space and Rocket Center

NASA Educator Resource Center for 

NASA Marshall Space Flight Center

One Tranquility Base

Huntsville, AL 35807

Phone: (256) 544-5812

http://erc.msfc.nasa.gov

MS

NASA Educator Resource Center

NASA Stennis Space Center

Mail Stop 1200

Stennis Space Center,MS 39529-6000

Phone: (228) 688-3338

http://education.ssc.nasa.gov/

erc/erc.htm

CA

NASA Educator Resource Center for 

NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Village at Indian Hill

1460 East Holt Avenue, Suite 20

Pomona, CA 91767

Phone: (909) 397-4420

http://learn.jpl.nasa.gov/resources/

resources_index.html

AZ and Southern CA 

NASA Educator Resource Center 

NASA Dryden Flight Research Center

P.O. Box 273, M/S 4839

Edwards, CA 93523-0273

Phone: (661) 276-5009 or

(800) 521-3416, ext. 5009

http://www.dfrc.nasa.gov/trc/ERC/

VA and MD’s Eastern Shores

NASA Educator Resource Center for

GSFC/Wallops Flight Facility

Visitor Center Building J-17

Wallops Island, VA 23337

Phone: (757) 824-2298

http://www.wff.nasa.gov/~WVC/

ERC.htm