H. Res. 867

In the House of Representatives, U.S., 

June 20, 2006.

Whereas James Cameron founded America’s Black Holocaust 

Museum (the Museum) in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the only 

memorial in the United States to victims of lynching and 

racial violence; 

Whereas Mr. Cameron was the last living survivor of a lynching until his death on June 11, 2006, at age 92; 

Whereas a Senate resolution recognized Mr. Cameron as the 

Nation’s oldest living lynching victim in June 2005 and 

formally apologized for its failure to outlaw lynching, 

which killed more than 4,700 people from 1882 to 1968, 

three-fourths of whom were black; 

Whereas seven United States Presidents called for lynching 

to be outlawed, and the House of Representatives passed 

bans three times in the early twentieth century, only to 

have the Senate filibuster each of them, one filibuster 

lasting six weeks; 

Whereas in Marion, Indiana in 1930, when he was 16 years 

old, Mr. Cameron and two friends, Abe Smith (age 19) 

and Tommy Shipp (age 18), were falsely accused of killing a Caucasian man and raping his girlfriend; 
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Whereas after the arrest of the three men, a mob broke into 

the jail where they were being held and tried to lynch 

them; 

Whereas the mob lynched Mr. Smith and Mr. Shipp but 

spared Mr. Cameron’s life; 

Whereas Mr. Cameron was beaten into signing a false confession, convicted in 1931, and paroled in 1935; 

Whereas the governor of Indiana pardoned Mr. Cameron in 

1993 and apologized to him; 

Whereas Mr. Cameron promoted civil and social justice issues 

and founded three NAACP chapters in Indiana during 

the 1940s; 

Whereas James Cameron served as the Indiana State Director of Civil Liberties from 1942 to 1950, and he investigated over 25 cases involving civil rights violations; 

Whereas Mr. Cameron relocated to Wisconsin after receiving 

many death threats, but he continued civil rights work 

and played a role in protests to end segregated housing 

in Milwaukee; 

Whereas in 1983, Mr. Cameron published A Time of Terror, 

his autobiographical account of the events surrounding 

his arrest in 1930; 

Whereas Mr. Cameron founded America’s Black Holocaust 

Museum in 1988 in order to preserve the history of 

lynching in the United States and to recognize the struggle of African-American people for equality; 

Whereas the Museum contains the Nation’s foremost collection of lynching images, both photographs and postcards, 

documenting the heinous practice of lynching in the 

United States; 
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Whereas the Museum performs a critical role by exposing this 

painful, dark, and ugly practice in the Nation’s history, 

so that knowledge can be used to promote understanding 

and to counter racism, fear, and violence; 

Whereas the Museum also documents the history of the African-American experience from slavery to the civil rights 

movement to the present day; and 

Whereas the Museum exists to educate the public about injustices suffered by people of African-American heritage, 

and to provide visitors with an opportunity to rethink assumptions about race and racism: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved, That the House of Representatives honors and 

celebrates the life and accomplishments of James Cameron 

and expresses condolences at his passing.

Attest: 

Clerk.