tive, or regional perspective – looking at

the big picture is the best way to effectively address site-level concerns. For

example, a system of buffers located

strategically along a stream yields noticeable water quality improvements,

whereas a solitary riparian forest buffer

has little affect on the overall water

quality of a stream. Identifying where to

place the system of buffers requires an

analysis of the larger landscape. 

Read on to learn about determining

landscape level patterns and for tools to

help you plan and implement agroforestry. ]

VOLUME 16 ISSUE ONE

4 IMPROVING THE BOTTOM LINE

OF BOTTOMLAND HARDWOODS

TO address today’s natural resource

issues – clean water and air, endangered

wildlife, and sustainable ecosystems –

we must look beyond our own fence

line. Most natural resource activities are

implemented at the site scale. However,

in order to provide wider public benefit,

a broader perspective than that of a

single landowner is necessary. 

No matter what you call it – a watershed perspective, a landscape perspec6 ZOOM! ZOOM! ZOOM!

3 WHERE, OH, WHERE

SHOULD MY BUFFER GO?

Think “landscape.”

Act “site scale.”
WATER quality is often at the heart of conservation activities. NAC’s Working Trees for

Water Quality (WTWQ) brochures have been

distributed worldwide to schools, garden clubs,

and community board groups, in addition to

natural resource professionals. 

WTWQ is written and designed at a level to

help inform and educate your clients,

including community members, landowners,

youth, and others. The WTWQ brochure introduces readers to how agroforestry can help

protect water quality, while at the same time

achieve both landowner and community

You can’t escape the landscape

NAC Director’s Corner

A commentary on the status of agroforestry 

by Dr. Greg Ruark, NAC Program Manager

2 Inside Agroforestry |Volume 16, Issue One

THIS issue of Inside Agroforestry steps back to get a better

view of the landscape. Although conservation practices

are typically installed one landowner at a time, their contribution to advancing broader societal goals like wildlife

habitat, water quality, and open space can often be heightened by considering the larger context in which they

reside. The coordinated implementation and connectedness of individual conservation practices can help achieve

landscape-level goals. One concern that agroforestry can

help address is that of forest fragmentation. Small patches

of forest may be too small and too isolated to provide

suitable habitat. Depending on the wildlife species of

interest, agroforestry plantings on working agricultural

lands can be designed to provide food, nesting, and cover

or to connect patches of forest land to provide travel corridors and create the critical size necessary to benefit

wildlife. For some species connectivity may not even

require that tree cover be contiguous, but simply that distances not be so great as to preclude travel between forest

patches or that agroforestry and forests occur in proximity to surface water resources needed by wildlife.

Increasingly, improving or maintaining environmental

benefits, like water quality, will depend on the extent to

which rural and urban planning and conservation efforts

within a watershed are coordinated. To this end, the concept of “green infrastructure” is currently being used in

some communities to bridge conservation efforts across

the rural/urban chasm. Fortunately, computerized tools

like geographic information systems (GIS) readily allow

for the simultaneous consideration of the spatial distribution of multiple natural resources, as well as a wide array

of potential user demands. When implemented, a GIS

approach can improve planning and help target conservation projects across the landscape. It doesn’t escape

me that, ultimately, the aggregate societal benefits

derived from a multitude of individual site-level conservation practices are exhibited in the landscape. ]

Protect our water, from sea to shining sea

objectives. More specifically, the WTWQ publication addresses sources of water resource

problems and how to strategically incorporate

Working Trees into the landscape to restore

ecosystem services.

Visit NAC’s website, www.unl.edu/ nac,

for a preview of any Working Trees brochures

or coordinating displays. You can order publications from the website or, if you prefer, contact Nancy Hammond at hammond@fs.fed.us

or fax her at: 402-437-5712. Reserve displays by contacting Ryan Dee at ryandee@

fs.fed.us or call 402–437–5178, ext. 14. ]
entifically valid

tools to accurately

identify critical locations. On this point, the

conferees concluded that

enough scientific information

exists to be able to conduct targeted conservation, but this information still needs to be

translated into planning and design tools that are easy to use.

NAC scientists are actively engaged in the development of

tools that support a targeted approach to the placement and

design of agroforestry and conservation systems. Spatial information like soil surveys, topography, land use, and land cover

are easy to obtain and provide powerful planning information

when mapped using a Geographical Information System (GIS)

computer program. NAC scientists have used this approach to

identify suitable locations to grow agroforestry products, locate

critical barriers and gaps in wildlife corridors, and to identify

more effective locations to install water quality buffers. See

Making connections with GIS on Page 5 for more information.

A book including the plenary papers presented at the Kansas

City conference, as well as summaries of discussion sessions,

will be published this spring by the Soil and Water Conservation

Society, headquartered in Ankeny, Iowa. ]

WE all “know”

that installing conservation practices

and agroforestry systems

on tilled cropland will produce environmental benefits like

cleaner runoff water and more wildlife.

But, after years of conservation work across the

country, these environmental benefits have been difficult to confirm at whole watershed and landscape scales.

In October 2006, scientists and technicians who work to

quantify the benefits of conservation practices on agricultural

land met in Kansas City to discuss this problem. They concluded that environmental benefits at the landscape scale will

accrue to a greater extent if conservation practices are applied

on sites where there is greater need than if the same practices

were applied evenly across the landscape. Furthermore, by “targeting” conservation practices within landscapes and watersheds, the costs of achieving substantial benefits will be reduced.

This conclusion may seem like common sense, but applying

targeting isn’t so easy. Current Federal conservation programs

have an “equal access” obligation that promotes widespread distribution of funds among landowners, rather than targeting the

funds to a critical few. Also, targeted conservation requires sciVolume 16, Issue One | Inside Agroforestry 3

Science-based tools can analyze the landscape to determine the best location of conservation practices to provide the

most

benefits. Photo illustration by Ryan Dee
Flyway essential for migratory birds

see Delta on page 10

Mike Dosskey

Research Ecologist, USDA National Agroforestry 

Center, Lincoln, NE

in the LMAV, including the Swainson’s Warbler,

Cerulean Warbler, Prothonotary Warbler, and

Northern Parula.

Unfortunately, some forest-breeding birds

are already thought to have become extinct,

including the Bachman’s Warbler and the Ivorybilled Woodpecker. The Ivory-billed

Woodpecker is notable because of recent unconfirmed sightings in remnant forests along the

White River in Arkansas – the first in more than

50 years. ]

4 Inside Agroforestry |Volume 16, Issue One

Restoring bottomland

hardwood forests on 

Mississippi Delta 

cropland has become

a primary strategy to 

reestablish critical

habitat and improve 

water quality.

Photo by Lynn Betts, USDA

Natural Resources Conservation

Service

beans, and rice. Only 25 percent of the original

forest area remains, most of that in southern

Louisiana. Elsewhere, in Louisiana,

Mississippi, Arkansas, and Missouri, small

remnant patches of forest are widely scattered

among vast fields of cultivated crops.

Concern about the loss of forest land in the

region has been growing since the 1970s after

it became apparent that populations of many

bird species that migrate along the Mississippi

Flyway were rapidly declining. Draining wetTHE broad fertile floodplain of the Mississippi River

“Delta” extending from Cairo, Illinois to New

Orleans, Louisiana, was once covered with dense

bottomland hardwood forests. Today, there is

regional and international concern about the loss of

important environmental services stemming from

the clearing of those forests. 

Two-thirds of this alluvial valley has been converted to intensively farmed crops like cotton, soyTHE Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley 

(LMAV), another name for the 

Mississippi Delta region, is a critical

stopover for song birds, shorebirds, and 

waterfowl that migrate between wintering 

areas around the Gulf of Mexico and 

Caribbean region and summer 

habitats across North America. 

Several countries along this route 

have become particularly concerned 

with declining populations of birds that 

breed only in bottomland hardwood forests
Volume 16, Issue One | Inside Agroforestry 5

THE myriad of issues facing landowners

and the public can seem overwhelming at

times. Taking advantage of Geographic

Information Systems (GIS) can help you

make sense out of this complex assortment of concerns. GIS data layers can be

used to analyze the landscape to determine where issues are relevant and what

potential actions are necessary to achieve

multiple objectives. Fortunately, data

layers for soils, slope, and landcover

already exist in many areas.

Aldo Leopold said that everything is

connected to everything else, and landscape analysis using GIS can reveal those

important, but sometimes hidden, interconnections. By better understanding

these interconnections, we can identify

potential areas of conflict and compatibility in our proposed conservation systems. For instance, a proposed conservation system may improve water quality

but because of its location in the watershed, could potentially harm a sensitive

wildlife species. Without a landscape perspective and GIS, this conflict may go

unnoticed but instead an appropriate

compromise can be achieved. 

In other cases, we can identify areas

where several issues are compatible. NAC

has developed several landscape-scale

assessments for water quality, wildlife

habitat, and agroforestry specialty products. One assessment identifies vegetaGary Bentrup & Todd Kellerman

Research Landscape Planner & GIS

Specialist, USDA National

Agroforestry Center, Lincoln, NE

Making connections with GIS

tion gaps in riparian corridors that, if

restored would facilitate wildlife movement while another assessment distinguishes where vegetated buffers can have

the greatest impact on improving water

quality. One of NAC’s agroforestry specialty products assessments has identified

suitable locations where decorative

woody florals, like curly willow and redtwig dogwood, can be grown. University

of Nebraska researchers have shown

potential annual net returns ranging from

$300 to $3,000 per 1,000 feet at four- to

six-foot plant spacing. By combining

these assessment results, areas are identified where riparian buffers can be located

to improve habitat connectivity and protect water quality while offering

landowners the option to grow a product

for profit. 

Getting Started

Although you may not have the time or

resources to develop GIS skills, check

with your agency or organization to see if

there are GIS specialists who can assist

you with the assessment process. One of

the main benefits of landscape-scale

assessments is that once a particular

assessment is complete, it can be used

repeatedly for many site-scale planning

and design efforts. Landscape assessments are best developed with participation from a variety of resource experts

like wildlife biologists, foresters, and

economists in addition to landowners

and the public. See the GIS landscape

planning toolbox for resources on the

assessment process. ]

GIS maps illustrate where agroforestry plantings can be installed

to enhance wildlife habitat, protect

water quality, and increase economic diversity. To learn more

about these individual assessments,

check out these publications:

• Design with Nature. 1995. By 

I. McHarg. Wiley, New York. 

• The Living Landscape: An 

Ecological Approach to Landscape 

Planning. 2000. By F. Steiner. 

McGraw-Hill, New York. 

• Managing Natural Resources with 

GIS. 1998. By L. Lang. ESRI

Press, Redlands, CA.

• Agroforestry Specialty Product 

Assessments, www.unl.edu/nac/

research/2002agroforestrygis.pdf

• Riparian Connectivity Assessment, 

www.unl.edu/nac/research/

2004riparianconnectivity.pdf

• USDA Geospatial Data Gateway, 

http://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov

• Water Quality Assessment, 

www.unl.edu/nac/research/

2006soilsurveys.pdf

GIS landscape

planning

toolbox

The brown areas along this stream identify critical

habitat gaps that could be addressed with riparian

forest buffers consisting of income-producing

woody floral species.
6 Inside Agroforestry |Volume 16, Issue One

TODAY, as natural resource professionals,

we are called on to manage numerous

issues that combine to make up a complex landscape picture. The challenge is

being able to see the details without

losing site of the big picture. Like

viewing the landscape through a camera

lens in which you can see the overall

composition of the landscape picture or

zoom in close to focus on one item

without all the distractions. 

There are coordinated efforts in some

parts of the country, like the Chesapeake

Bay watershed and New York City’s

water supply watershed. These types of

funded planning activities identify issues

and concerns with a panoramic view

while getting a close-up view with individual landowners. For example, the

Chesapeake Bay project examined the

entire drainage area to identify problem

sources and solutions to a range of

resource concerns. One of the agroforestry management activities that is

being applied is riparian forest buffers.

Planners were able to identify where individual buffers should be located based on

the larger watershed perspective. 

Most of us aren’t fortunate enough to

work in an area that has a large scale

planning effort like this, but you can still

work with individual landowners to

address greater public issues. 

Researchers at NAC recommend

looking at your planning area as if

through different lenses to get the complete picture. Each lens provides a different magnification and a unique perspective and focuses attention on different aspects of the overall image.

Combined, these different lenses help

identify and prioritize resource issues. 

BY GARY WELLS, 

LANDSCAPE 

ARCHITECT; 

USDA NATIONAL 

DESIGN, 

CONSTRUCTION, 

& SOIL 

MECHANICS 

CENTER; ZOOMLINCOLN, NE

MAGNIFY YOUR PLANNING EFFECTIVENESS
Volume 16, Issue One | Inside Agroforestry 7

Big picture: 

Regional reconnaissance 

First, gather a reconnaissance of existing information

to develop a general overview of environmental conditions and resource issues in your area. The intent is

not to invest a lot of time or resources creating data,

but to search for existing information to create a portfolio to refer back to as you work with individual

landowners to address specific concerns that have a

cumulative affect on the landscape. 

Numerous government and non-profit organizations have collected resource information and made

broad assessments at this scale. You can also look for

local plans, like a Conservation District annual plan or

an NRCS area wide plan, for more information.

Zooming in: 

Landscape-scale assessment 

Next, get a landscape perspective snapshot, which

could be a watershed, a county, or some other larger

planning unit. The issues identified in the regional

reconnaissance provide the basis for the landscapescale assessment. Each issue is framed in more detail

to identify specific assets and problem areas and

determine conservation objectives. This assessment

captures the general condition of the landscape and

how it functions. 

Geographic Information Software (GIS) can be

used to collect, organize, and analyze the information.

GIS can also evaluate multiple issues simultaneously.

The issues identified in the landscape-scale assessment

will most likely be addressed by working with individual private landowners.

Close up: 

Site-scale planning & design 

Now, when you focus into the site, the concerns identified in the landscape-scale assessment can be used to

guide site-scale planning. Whether the landowner was

targeted by the landscape-scale assessment or was just

a walk in customer, their concerns still need to be met.

The site-scale planning and design process focuses in

on specific landowner objectives and blends them with

the public goals identified in the landscape assessment. 

Specific site conditions need to be inventoried and

assessed. GIS can also be used at this scale to organize

and analyze data. As alternatives are developed, opportunities to address the greater public concerns can be

identified and hopefully implemented as well. ]

1

2

3
8 Inside Agroforestry |Volume 16, Issue One

HAVE you ever wondered how much carbon

would accumulate and remain stored if you

were to plant a windbreak around a crop

field or plant trees in a grazed pasture? What

would it be worth in ten years?

This isn’t just an academic question.

Midwestern landowners are already selling

carbon credits accrued for practicing conservation tillage on cropland. Today, emerging

trading markets recognize that agroforestry

practices can significantly increase carbon

storage on farm and range land. Although

carbon credits are not likely to be a major

source of farm income, they are another economic incentive to reward landowners for

utilizing agroforestry and other conservation

practices.

CarbOn Management Evaluation Tool

for Voluntary Reporting of greenhouse gases

(COMET–VR), is an online tool that estimates potential carbon storage. Currently

COMET–VR only covers annual cropping

Miles Merwin

Forester, Air Quality/Atmospheric

Change Team, NRCS West National

Technology Service Center, Portland, OR

see COMET–VR on page 10

Existing carbon 

estimating tools

do not account

for trees in

windbreaks,

riparian buffers

or other 

agroforestry

practices.

COMET–VR

will include

agroforestry

and farm 

woodlots. 

Photo illustration by 

Ryan Dee

Estimating carbon in 

agroforestry practices
“

Volume 16, Issue One | Inside Agroforestry 9

see SAP on page 11

SINCE it was enacted with the 1990 Farm Bill,

the USDA Forest Service’s Forest

Stewardship Program (FSP) has provided

more that 260,000 plans to landowners for

the management of approximately 30 million

acres across the US. Until recently, state

forest agencies delivered the program primarily on a first-come, first-served basis. This

approach made the program accessible to all

eligible landowners. The Spatial Analysis

Program (SAP) enables a resource professional to focus on landowner outreach and

technical planning assistance for the landscape areas of highest potential with respect

to intended resource management outcomes.

SAP also enables program managers to

demonstrate that resources are being targeted

to maximize return on federal program

investment.

Nationally consistent methodology

SAP is comprised of two primary geospatial

and tabular components: 

1. The statewide assessment of all lands 

eligible for the Forest Stewardship 

program takes into consideration the 

resource richness throughout the state, as 

well as known threats to the forest and 

other natural resources; and 

The SAP assessment and state-based

adaptations

States have the option to add appropriate

datalayers to their statewide assessment to

Karl Dalla Rosa

Forest Stewardship Program Manager, 

USFS, Washington, DC

Without these maps, we couldn’t

even begin to ponder our future and

current policy. SAP has given us a tool

to analyze resource information in a way

we have not been able to do before.”

Steve Koehn, MD

By using twelve

common datalayers, SAP is 

able to provide a 

consistent platform

for regional and

national analysis

of private forest

lands.

Illustration courtesy of 

USFS Forest Stewardship

Program

2. The Stewardship Plan database is a spatial

inventory of existing Forest Stewardship 

Plans that the state tracks through time. 

Every state is required to consider and 

include as available and applicable, twelve 

common datalayer themes, important 

from a federal perspective, to determining

resource richness, threats, and opportunities on the landscape where it makes the 

most sense to focus landowner assistance.

We intend to use SAP results, from a

programmatic perspective, to target 

programs toward those areas of greatest

potential benefit,” Fred Borman, CT

“

Forest mapping

for the future
10 Inside Agroforestry |Volume 16, Issue One

Delta

continued from page 4

COMET–VR

continued from page 8

compared to annual cropping alone.

Trees and shrubs absorb CO2 and store

carbon in wood, and in any harvested

wood products used for durable materials. Also, management practices can

either add or subtract stored carbon over

the full rotation. For example, using notill or conservation tillage in alley cropping will increase soil carbon compared

to intensive tillage.

To use COMET–VR agroforestry,

users will first be asked to provide information about their general location, soils,

and extent of the agroforestry practice.

Subsequent information will depend on

whether they’re estimating a row-type

agroforestry practice (windbreaks, alley

cropping, or silvopasture) or a forest-like

practice (forest farming or mature

riparian buffers).

and pasture, but a new version will

include agroforestry and farm woodlots. 

COMET–VR, developed by NRCS

and Colorado State University, provides

an easy-to-use interface to large databases

of climate, soils, and crop rotation information. It quickly calculates annual

changes over a 10 year period in the

amount of carbon stored in crop fields or

rangeland. Access the current farm-andrange-only version of COMET–VR at

www.cometvr.colostate.edu.

Establishing or maintaining woody

vegetation on crop and pasture land in an

agroforestry practice can significantly

increase the potential for carbon storage

lands and building levees to enable

farming the floodplain contributed to the

reduction of habitat for migratory waterfowl while forest clearing removed critical breeding habitat for both migratory

and resident songbirds. More recently,

the negative impacts of agriculture on

water quality and the aquatic health of

the Mississippi River and the Gulf of

Mexico have become widely recognized.

Restoring croplands back to bottomland hardwood forests has become a primary strategy to reestablish critical

habitat and improve water quality in the

region. Unfortunately, forest clearing and

degradation is still outpacing the forest

restoration effort. 

What’s agroforestry got to do with it?

The impact of agroforestry plantings on

water quality and other environmental

benefits has been repeatedly demonstrated in other parts of the US. A scientific literature review concluded that agroforestry has the potential to restore critical

ecological functions in this region.

There is regional and international concern

about the loss of bottomland hardwood

forest in the Mississippi River Delta which

extends from Cairo, Illinois to New

Orleans, Louisiana.

Agroforestry-type tree plantings in the

Delta provide substantial habitat value for

a number of wildlife species-of-concern

and can help quicken the pace to restore

the environmental services that bottomland forests have traditionally provided. 

Locating agroforestry practices near

existing bottomland forests will: 

• Create habitat buffers around existing 

forest patches

• Create wildlife corridors between 

isolated patches of existing forest

• Improve water quality flowing into 

forest habitat areas

• Enable hydrologic restoration around 

forested areas

Why agroforestry instead of bottomland forest restoration?

Agroforestry offers landowners profit

potential long after their government

conservation contracts expire. The need

to maintain an annual income, plus satisfying a landowner’s desire to remain in

some kind of agricultural enterprise, may

attract landowners that are not inclined

towards restoration. Furthermore, profits

to landowners would assure that the land

will stay in agroforestry and continue to

produce environmental services over the

long term. In this way, agroforestry can

augment bottomland forest restoration

and accelerate restoration of forest functions and values in the Delta. ]

To quantify biomass in trees and

shrubs in row-type practices, the user will

be asked to supply information such as

plant genera, row length, spacing, and

average trunk diameter. Once user input

is complete, COMET–VR will estimate

total biomass using diameter-based equations for tree type groups that are applicable throughout the continental US.

After the “baseline” carbon value is

estimated, the average growth for each

genera group is calculated for the user’s

state and local region. Growth estimates

are based on both forest and windbreak

plot data routinely collected by USFS

and NRCS.

Watch for an announcement later this

year when COMET–VR Agroforestry

becomes available for online usage. ]
and resource trend data. All of this data

can be automatically fed into State,

Regional and National databases so that

reporting needs are met on a continuous

basis and data is always current. 

Final products

Final SAP products include a series of

maps that combine datalayers of the

statewide assessment with the stewardship plan geodatabase to

assess existing stewardship

tracts and their relationship

to the lands eligible for the

Forest Stewardship

Program. As states complete

SAP assessments and plan

databases they are publishing their maps and

detailed methodologies on the SAP website: www.fs.fed.us/na/sap. ]

Volume 16, Issue One | Inside Agroforestry 11

SAP

continued from page 9

IOWA State Forester Paul Tauke says,

“Our GIS reporting system allowed us to

capture data that were previously locked

in filing cabinets that were spread out over

13 forestry districts. Today we can analyze

those data to visually convey what our

forestry staff is doing and where. It also

serves as an analysis tool to identify potential forest resource threats or concerns.”

The Iowa Department of Natural

Resources Forestry Bureau seriously

began to explore using a GIS-based

reporting system in 2003. With financial

assistance from USDA Forest Service’s

Northeastern Area, they were able to

develop and map the forest resource areas

of greatest concern and also to data mine

forest stewardship landowner files back to

1990. Realizing that a historical data set,

while useful, would be of limited utility, the

Forestry Bureau developed a system that

would allow the district foresters to continue to build on the historical database.

With help from the Department’s GIS

staff and the State’s 16 District Foresters,

a system was developed that affixed an

attribute table to every forest stand that

the forester’s digitized. When foresters

create a landowner management plan

they create a map using ArcGIS software.

Each unique stand or area is digitized and

an attribute table is maintained. 

Iowa has used this information to estimate a 26,000-acre backlog for forestry

practices that could utilize a 5.5 million

dollar backlog for forestry cost-share dolrespond to state-specific issues, concerns, or resource opportunities. There is

no limit to the number of datalayers, but

most states have chosen to limit their

assessments to include only one or two

additional layers. Examples of datalayer

additions include: tribal lands

(North Dakota), timber

growth/timber harvest ratio

(West Virginia), forest soils

(Iowa), green infrastructure potential

(Delaware), historic forested landscapes

(Iowa) and agroforestry potential

(Colorado). States also have the option

to weight the twelve common datalayers

by relative importance or critical need

with their own scoring method as they

compile a composite map identifying

program focus areas. 

Spatial analysis benefits Iowa

Plan database

The Forest Service has been working

with the Colorado State Forest Service

and Environmental Systems Research

Institute, Inc. (ESRI) to develop a webbased data entry tool (Web-DET) that

will automatically store spatial and

resource data for individual properties as

Forest Stewardship plans are written.

Web-DET will also remind field

foresters and consultants when prescribed management activities are due to

be carried out and store accomplishment

We have incorporated [SAP] into our

reporting system to demonstrate to

our Commission where the work is

getting done and where the funds

are being invested,” Bob Krepps, MO

“

• Landowner contact 

information

• Plan date

• Stand number

• Acres

• Species planted

• Date planted

• Harvest type

• Harvest date

Data is collected for every stand 

or area if applicable. These include: 

lars in 39 priority counties in the State.

This information has helped raise the

awareness of forestry needs with NRCS

and the State EQIP committee. 

According to Tauke, “Iowa’s private

lands foresters have always had a great

story to tell; GIS mapping provides a

visual tool to share that story internally

within the District and externally with our

partner state and federal agencies, with legislators, and with the people of Iowa.” ]

• Overstory species associations

• Understory species 

association

• Regeneration information

• Presence of significant 

woody or herbaceous plants

• Forest health problems

• Identification of invasive 

species

• Average stand DBH

• Management prescription

• Date management 

prescription is completed

• Important stand features 

(plant, animal, mineral)

• Cost-share program 

used to complete practice

• General comments
USDA National Agroforestry Center

East Campus–UNL

Lincoln, NE 68583–0822

PRSRT STD

POSTAGE & FEES PAID

USDA — FS

PERMIT NO G-40

June 25–27, 2007

American Water Resources Association

(AWRA) Summer Specialty 

Conference: “Emerging Contaminants 

Of Concern In The Environment: 

Issues, Investigations, And Solutions.” 

Vail, CO. Contact: William Battaglin, 

303–236–4882 x256, wbattagl@

usgs.gov, www.awra.org/meetings/

Vail2007/index.html.

July 21–25, 2007

Soil And Water Conservation Society 

(SWCS) 2007 Annual Conference: 

“Conservation Challenges In A 

Changing Landscape.” Tampa, FL. 

http://www.swcs.org/index.cfm?

nodeID=10373&audienceID=1.

October 23–27, 2007

Society Of American Foresters 2007 

National Convention: “SAF: Sustaining

Official Business

Penalty for Private Use, $300

Address Service Requested

InsideAgroforestry VOLUME 16 ISSUE ONE

Upcoming Events

“Inside Agroforestry” is published three times per year by the

USDA National Agroforestry Center. Phone: 402–437–5178;

Fax: 402–437–5712.

• Greg Ruark, NAC Program Manager (256–372–4540)

• Michele Schoeneberger, FS Research Lead (ext. 21)

• Rich Straight, FS Lead Agroforester (ext. 24)

• Bruce Wight, NRCS Lead Agroforester (ext. 36)

• Kimberly Stuhr, Technology Transfer Specialist/

“Inside Agroforestry” Editor (ext. 13)

• Ryan Dee, Technology Transfer Assistant/

“Inside Agroforestry” Designer (ext. 14)

www.unl.edu/nac

Mission

The USDA National Agroforestry Center (NAC) is a partnership of

the Forest Service (Research and Development and State and

Private Forestry) and the Natural Resources Conservation Service.

It is administered by the Forest Service, Southern Research Station;

and its program manager and headquarters are located in Huntsville,

AL, on the campus of Alabama A&M University, while NAC’s staff

are located at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln NE; University of

Idaho, Moscow ID, and in Blacksburg, VA. NAC’s purpose is to

accelerate the development and application of agroforestry technologies to attain more economically, environmentally, and socially

sustainable land use systems. To accomplish its mission, NAC interacts with a national network of partners and cooperators to conduct

research, develop technologies and tools, establish demonstrations,

and provide useful information to natural resource professionals.

Policy

USDA policy prohibits discrimination

because of race, color, national origin,

sex, age, religion, or handicapping 

condition. Any person who believes he

or she has been discriminated against in

any USDA-related activity should 

immediately contact the Secretary of

Agriculture, Washington, DC 20250.

Opinions expressed in “Inside

Agroforestry” are those of the author

and do not necessarily represent the

policy of the USDA Forest Service and

the USDA Natural Resources

Conservation Service.

America’s Forests.” Portland, OR. 

Contact: SAF, 866–897–8720, 

http://www.safconvention.org/natcon-07.

For more upcoming events, visit our 

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