75 

70 

63 75 65 

85

64

57 

78 

75 

6

90 

59 

70 

88 38 90 

81 

80 

70 

80 

57 

65 66

60 

65 

54 65 

80 

80 

83 

65 

55 

70 

90 

80 

72

50

4

5

6

7

12

13 11

9 14

10.6-10.7

Ma

15

26

19

30.6

Ma

20

~2.5

Ma

21

23

25-26

Ma

8

33.3

Ma

16

22

24

17

10

18

10.9

Ma

25

3

12-18

Ma

1

12-14

Ma

2

~

10

36 2

22

28

16

30

22 20 5

3

10

8

4

18

10

13

5 11

38

20

17

12

14

10

4

17

13

9

5

2

3

5

8 7

8

20 16

13

6

6

8

10

12

18

9

10

23

5

13

3

40

5

10

26

4

9

8 22

6

38

8

12

10

9

13

15

15

5

5

10

2

6

16

14

14

16

15

10

18

18

18

9

30

3

5

13

8

10

10

6

2

16

6

15

13 17

9

2

25

27

10

3

4

7

13

2

20 18

5

10 15

7

14 13

4

6

13

12

6

15

10

10

9

10

15

8

9

8

30

5

10

12

12

8

7

5

10 40 8

38

15

5

3

25

7

5

8

5

15

3 4

7

5

8

5

8

3 3

14

15

18

15

17

11

5

10

33

4

5

5

15

5

20

3

6 14

5

6

8

5

40

12

6

10

5

8

3

23

10 8 6

3

18

3

60

35

45 7

6

5

10

9

8

15

10

32

12 10

5

40

5 8

17

9

10

10

12

5

10 4

7

5

7

26

16

16

SWEPI No. 1 oil test well

600-m Oberlin University

climate test well (Markgraf

and others, 1983)

Tsb

Tsca

Tscb

Tb

Tbd

Tb

Qa QTg

Qp

Qp

Qac

QTg

Qac

Qac

Qa

Tba

Tbac

Tbap

Qac

Tba

Tba

Tbt

Tsu

Qsa

Qa

Qac

Qss

Qsb

Qsb

Qsb

Qss

Qsfd

Thv

Tha

Tsl

Tsl

Tsl

Tbrt

ThaTkt

Tht Thv

Tht

Thd

Tbd

Twft

Tbct Tdgu

Qac

Qsa

Tba

Qac

Ttr

Qp

Ttr

Tbt

Ttr

Tsu

Qa

Tgt

Tsr

Tba

Ttr

Tbt

Tst

Tca

Qac

QTg

Tbt

Tst

Thb Thsd

Tbct

Tbrt

Tba

Tsa

Tbt

Qac

Tsu

Qac

Qac

Ttr Tbt

Tsu

Tba

Tbt

Tbt

Ttr

Qa

Tba

Tbt

Ttr

Tba

QTg

QTg

Qac

Tsa

Thsd

Thsb

Tsa

Tst

Tsa

Tsu

Tbr

Tb

Tba

Thsd

Tbct

Tbct

Tsa

Tba

Tbt

Tbr

Tsu

Tbr Tvt

Tvt

Tvt Thmt

Tst

Tbt Tbt

Tbt

Tst

Tac

Thsb

Thsb

Tdgu

Tsl

Tsl

Tsl

Twt

Tft

Tft

Tad

Tba

Tbap

Tct

Qp

Qac

Qac

Tsa

Ttr

QTb

QTg

Qa

Tgr Thr

Tba

Qac

Tedl

QTgu

Qac

Tedl

Tbt

Qac

Tjr

Tba

Tbt

Tpl

Tla

Tla

Tlai

Ql

Tbt

Tsa

Qac

Tba

Tba

Qa

Ql

Tba

Ttr

QTg

QTg

Ttr

QTg

QTg

Tba

Tba

Tbt

Tla

Tt

Tt

Tpt

Tpt

Tt

Tt

QTg

Tbt

QTg

QTgu

Tfb

Tkb

Qa

QTg

QTg

Tba

Tta

QTgu

QTgu

Tbt

QTg

Qp

QTb

QTb

Tb

Tpu

Tba

Tsa

Tst

Tsu

Qa

QTg

QTd

Tedm

Tedu

Tedp

Tjr

Tla

QTg

QTg

QTg

Qac

Qac

Qa

Qa

Qp

Qac

Tst

Tbd

Tdt

Tbt

QTg

Tmr Tmrd

Tbt

Tla

Tli

Tli

Tli

Tpl

Tsu

Qac

Tbt

QTb

Tba

Tla

Tpu

Tt

Tt

Tpt

Tt Tt

QTd

Qa

Qac

Qa

Ql

Tpt

QTd

QTb

Tslg

QTb

QTb

Qac

Qac

Qp

Tt

Tpu

Tslg

Tslw

QTg

Ta

Tt

Tt Tt

Tla

Qac

Qac

Qac

Tla

Tsa

Tpt

Tpt

Tpt

Tpt

Tt

Tt

Ta

Tt

Tt2

Tt4

Tt3

Tt2-3

Tt

Tbt

Qac

Tba

Tbd

Tbd Tba

Tbd

QTg

Tba

Tbac

Tbap

Tbac

Taa

QTg

Qa

QTg?

QTg?

QTg?

Qac

Tba

Ta

Tst

Tst

Tfr

Tdt Tbt

Tsu

Tdt

Tslg

Qa

Tst

Tbt

Tpt

Tpt

Tla

Tpu

Tbt

QTbc

Tba

QTg

Qac

Tla

Tt

Tpu

Tsu

Tba

Tbt

QTg

Qa

Qac

Tla

QTb

Tpt Tpt

QTd

Tpt

Tpt

Tpu

Tt

Qac

Tpt

Tslw

Tslw

Tslw

Tb

Ql

Twft

Thp

Thdr

Ql

Tst

Tdt

Tpu

Tbt

QTbc

QTb

Qp

Qp

Qa Qac

Qa

Qa

QTg

Qa

Tbt

Tbt

Tb

Tb

Ted

Tedw

Tdt

Ql

QTgl

QTgl

Ql

Tba

Qp

Qac

Tbt

QTs

Tsu

Tsu

Tsu

Tba

Tba

Tsa

Tsu

Tsu

Tsa

Tbt

Tbt

Tbt Tba

Tpl

Ql

QTg

QTg

Tt1

Tt3

Tt1

Tt1

Tt3

Tt3

Tt3

Tt3

Tt1

Tt1

Tt3

Tt Tt 3 3

Tt1

Tt Tt 3 3

Tt3

Tt3

Tpt

Tpt

Tad

Tt2

Tt1

Tt2

Tt2 Tt1

Tslw

Tt

Tt

Tt

Qa

Qac

Tbt

Tbt

Tsl

Tvt

Tst

Tst

Tst

Tmgu

Tb

Tcbt

Thsd

Qsa

Qa

Tsr

Tvt Tsu

Tlt

Trt

Tbr

Tbt

Tbr Trt Tlt Tsu Tba

Tbt

Tslg

Tla

Tpl

Tpu

Tpu

Tbt

Ql

Ql

Qp

Tdt

Tb

Tbcc

Tbcc

Tbt

Tdt

Tba

QTg

QTg

Tsu

Tct

Tba

Qa

Qac

Tgt

Tct

Tba

Tbt

Qp

Tba

Tct

Tbt Tct Qac

Tbt

Tpt

Tbr

Tt

Tpt

Tpt

Tt

Tt

Ta

Ta

Tt

Qac

QTg

QTg

Tad

Tpt

Tpt

Tad

Tad

Tad

Ta

Tad

Tad

Tad

Tad

Tasd

Tasb

Tas

Tas

Tasd

Tasd

Tad

Taa

Tt3

Tca

Tca

Tca

Tbct

Tdgu

Twft

Tb

Tsa

Tsa

Tsl Tla Tvt

Tbac

Tbap

rd Ql

Tbap

Tbcc

Psgy

Tbt

Tpu

Tbt

Tst

Tba

Qac

Tpl

Tdt

Qsb

40 

14 

AF

VF

45 

Tbd

rd

19

30.6

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Santa Fe

Group

Tmgu

Qac

Qa Qsa

Qsb Qsfd Qss

Qp

Ql

Tsa

Tcbt

Tbt

QTd QTbc QTb

Tb

Tfb

Taa

Tsb

Tbcc Tkb

Tbd

Tedp

Tedu

Tedl Tedw Ted

Gila Group

Tedm

QTs

QTgu

QTgl

QTg

Tmrd

Tmr Tjr

Tli

Thd

Thv

Tht

Thp

Thdr Thb Tha

Tmgu

Tca

Tad

Tad

Tba Tbad Tbap Tbac

Thr Tfr Tsr

Tct

Tbt

Tst

Tgt Ttr

Tsa

Tvt

Tlt

Tgr

Tdt

Tbr Ta

Tta

Tcbt

Thmt

Spears

Group

Tslw

Tslg Tpl

Tpt

Tsl

Psgy

Tasd

Tasb

Tas

Tt

Tt2

Tt3 Tt4

Tpu

Tsu

Tdgu

Tsca

Tscb

Tlai

Tla

Thsd

Thsb

Tbct

Trt

Tbrt

Tlwt Tpt

Tkt

Tft

Twt

Tac

Twft

Pleistocene

Holocene

Pliocene

Miocene

Oligocene

Eocene

QUATERNARY

TERTIARY

PERMIAN

Mogollon

Group

Datil

Group

Apache Peak volcano

10.6 Ma Eagle Peak volcano

John Kerr

 Peak

 volcano

Horse Mountain volcano

Bearwallow Mountain volcanoes

Telephone Canyon volcano

32.9–29.7 Ma*

Horse Springs

volcano

Saddle

Mountain

volcano

9 Ma*

0.9–2.5 Ma

12 Ma*

11.4 Ma*

12 Ma*

12.2 Ma*

13.5 Ma*

12 Ma*

12–14 Ma

14

 Ma

15 Ma

28.1 Ma*

28.1 Ma*

28.1 Ma*

28.1 Ma*

28.1 Ma*

28.5 Ma* 28.6 Ma*

28.9 Ma*

29.0 Ma*

28.7 Ma*

31.6 Ma*

32.1 Ma*

33.7 Ma*

33.6 Ma

33.7 Ma*

34.4 Ma*

34.7 Ma* 34.6 Ma*

34.9 Ma*

35.6 Ma*

35.5 Ma*

34.6 Ma*

33.3 Ma

??

? ? ?

CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS

[Isotopic ages followed by an asterisk (33.7 Ma*) are 40Ar/39Ar ages; all others are conventional K-Ar ages]

Tt1

LIST OF MAP UNITS

[Isotopic ages followed by an asterisk (33.7 Ma*) are 40Ar/39Ar ages; all others are conventional 

K-Ar ages]

SURFICIAL DEPOSITS

Alluvium (Holocene)

Playa alluvium of the Plains of San Agustin (Holocene)

Deposits of prehistoric lake San Agustin (B.B. Houser in Ratté and 

others, 1990)

Bar and barrier ridge deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Fan delta deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Shoreline deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Colluvium and alluvium (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Landslide deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Piedmont slope deposits (Pleistocene)

VOLCANIC AND VOLCANICLASTIC ROCKS

Volcaniclastic rocks of the Gila Group

Gila Group, undivided (Pleistocene(?) to early Miocene)

Upper Gila Group (Pleistocene(?) to middle Miocene)

Lower Gila Group (middle to early Miocene)

Volcaniclastic rocks of the Santa Fe Group (Pleistocene to Miocene)

Volcanic rocks interlayered with the Gila Group

Basalt (Pleistocene and Pliocene, 0.9–2.5 Ma*)

Basalt dikes (Pleistocene and Pliocene)

Basalt scoria (Pleistocene and Pliocene)

Basalt, andesite, and dacite, undivided (Miocene) 

Basalt dikes (Miocene)

Basaltic scoria, cinders, and bombs (Miocene)

Basalt on Flat Top Mesa (Ratté, Bove, and McIntosh, 1994) 

(Miocene, 9 Ma*)

Rocks of Apache Peak volcano

Andesite at Apache Peak (Miocene, 10.6 Ma, H.H. Mehnert, oral 

commun., 1990) 

Rocks of Eagle Peak volcano

Central dacite plug (Miocene, 11.4 Ma*)

Upper dacite flows (Miocene)

Lower andesite and dacite flows (Miocene, 12 Ma*)

Wilson Canyon andesite flows (Miocene)

Milligan Mountain andesite-dacite flows (Miocene, 12 Ma*)

Andesite dike at Dry Mesa (Miocene)

Rocks of Horse Mountain volcano

Predominantly dacitic, rhyolitic to andesitic lava flows (Ratté and 

others, 1990) (Miocene, 12–14 Ma*)

Northwest-trending, andesitic-dacitic breccia dikes (Miocene)

Pyroclastic rocks (Miocene)

Dacite plug (Miocene)

Aplite dikes (Miocene)

Vent(?) breccia (Miocene)

Megacrystic andesite lava flow (Miocene, 12 Ma*)

Basalt of Saliz Hill (Ratté, 1980) (Miocene, 12.2 Ma)

Basalt at Kiehnes Canyon (Ratté, Bove, and McIntosh, 1994) 

(Miocene, 13.5 Ma*)

Rocks of John Kerr Peak volcano

Rhyolite domes and flows (Smith, 1976) (Miocene, 13 Ma, 

Marvin and others, 1987)

Rhyolite near Maverick Peak (Ratté, 1989) (Miocene, 14 Ma)

Rhyolite dike in rhyolite near Maverick Peak (Miocene)

Porphyritic quartz-diorite intrusions at Wet Leggett Spring (Ratté, 

1989) (Miocene, 15 Ma, Marvin and others, 1987)

Volcaniclastic rocks of the Spears Group (Osburn and Chapin, 1983) 

(Oligocene and Eocene)

Upper Spears Group (Oligocene)

Lower Spears Group, undivided (Oligocene and Eocene) 

White sandstone sequence of lower Spears Group (Eocene)

Green to gray sandstone sequence of lower Spears Group (Eocene)

Upper Pueblo Creek Formation (Oligocene and Eocene)—Units Tt

and Tt1–4 are discontinuous, thin (0 to about 5 m thick) Datil Group 

ignimbrites interlayered in upper Pueblo Creek Formation

Lower Pueblo Creek Formation (Eocene)

Volcanic rocks of the Mogollon Group (Cather and others, 1994) 

(Miocene and Oligocene)

Mogollon Group, undivided (Miocene and Oligocene) 

Andesite dikes (Miocene and Oligocene)

Bearwallow Mountain Andesite (Oligocene, 25–26 Ma, Marvin and 

others, 1987)

Basaltic-andesite to dacite lava flows (Oligocene)

Andesitic dike (Oligocene)

Andesite plugs (Oligocene)

Andesitic cinder and scoria deposits (Oligocene)

Rhyolite of Hay Canyon (Oligocene?)

Rhyolite at Frying Pan Creek (Oligocene?)

Rhyolite of Stallings Tank (Oligocene) 

Tuff of Triangle C Ranch (Ratté and others, 1990) (Oligocene, 28.1 

Ma*, McIntosh and others, 1992) 

Bloodgood Canyon Tuff (Elston, 1976) (Oligocene, 28.1 Ma*, 

McIntosh and others, 1992)

Basaltic-andesite of Cottonwood Canyon (Oligocene) 

Shelley Peak Tuff (Ratté and Gaskill, 1975) (Oligocene, 28.1 Ma*, 

McIntosh and others, 1992)

Taylor Creek Rhyolite and associated rocks

Tuff of Garcia Camp (Lawrence, 1985; Duffield and Dalrymple, 

1990) (Oligocene, 28.1 Ma*, McIntosh and others, 1992)

Taylor Creek Rhyolite (Duffield and Dalrymple, 1990) 

(Oligocene, 28.1 Ma*, McIntosh and others, 1992)

Squirrel Springs Canyon Andesite (Rhodes and Smith, 1976) 

(Oligocene, 28.5 Ma*, McIntosh and Chamberlin, 1994) 

Vicks Peak Tuff (Osburn and Chapin, 1983) (Oligocene, 28.6 Ma*, 

McIntosh and others, 1992)

Rhyolite of Gwynn Canyon (Oligocene, 28.7 Ma*, unpub. age, 

D.J. Bove, 1993)

La Jencia Tuff (Osburn and Chapin, 1983) (Oligocene, 28.9 Ma*, 

McIntosh and others, 1992)

Davis Canyon Tuff (Ratté and Gaskill, 1975) (Oligocene, 29.0 

Ma*, McIntosh and others, 1992)

Andesite flows (Oligocene)

Rhyolite of Bat Cave Wells (Ratté and others, 1990) (Oligocene)

Rocks of Telephone Canyon volcano

Andesite of Telephone Canyon, undivided (Oligocene, 

32.9–29.7 Ma*, D.J. Bove, unpub. ages, 1993)

Volcanic rocks of the Datil Group (Osburn and Chapin, 1983; 

Cather and others, 1994) (Oligocene and Eocene)

Datil Group, undivided (Oligocene and Eocene)

Caballo Blanco Tuff (Elston, 1957) (Oligocene, 31.6 Ma*, 

McIntosh and others, 1992)

Hells Mesa Tuff (Osburn and Chapin, 1983) (Oligocene, 32.1 Ma*, 

McIntosh and others, 1992)

Distal outflow of regional ignimbrites (Oligocene and Eocene)— 

Labeled Tt1–4 where present in sequence

Rocks of Saddle Mountain volcano

Andesite lava flows (earliest Oligocene or latest Eocene, about 

33.3 Ma) 

Andesite agglomerate (Oligocene or Eocene)

Andesite dikes (Oligocene or Eocene) 

Andesitic intrusive-extrusive complex of Saliz Canyon (Eocene)

Andesitic vent(?) breccia (Eocene, 33.6 Ma, Marvin and others, 

1987)

Andesite of Dry Leggett Canyon (Ratté, 1989) (Eocene)

Possible plug or vent for andesite of Dry Leggett Canyon 

(Eocene)

Rocks of Horse Springs volcano or volcanic center

Horse Springs dacite (Ratté and others, 1990; Ratté, Modreski, 

and others, 1994) (Eocene, 33.7 Ma*, W.C. McIntosh, written 

commun., 1995)

Megabreccia and mesobreccia (Eocene)

Blue Canyon Tuff (Lopez and Bornhorst, 1979; Osburn and 

Chapin, 1983) (Eocene, 33.7 Ma*, McIntosh and others, 1992)

Rock House Canyon Tuff (Osburn and Chapin, 1983) (Eocene, 

34.4 Ma*, McIntosh and others, 1992)

Blue Canyon and Rock House Canyon Tuffs, undivided (Eocene)

Tuff of Lebya Well (Ratté and others, 1990) (Eocene, 34.7 Ma*, 

McIntosh and others, 1992)

Tuff of Bishop Peak (Ratté, 1989) (Eocene, 34.6 Ma*, McIntosh 

and others, 1992)

Kneeling Nun Tuff (Elston and others, 1975) (Eocene, 34.9 Ma*, 

McIntosh and others, 1992)

Tuff of Farr Ranch (Ratté and others, 1990) (Eocene, 35.6 Ma*, 

McIntosh and others, 1992) 

Datil Well Tuff (Lopez and Bornhorst, 1979) (Eocene 35.5 Ma*, 

McIntosh and others, 1992)

Datil Well Tuff and (or) tuff of Farr Ranch, undivided (Eocene)

Basaltic lava flow of Alamocito Canyon (Eocene)

OLDER SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Sedimentary rocks, undivided (Permian)

Depositional contact

Fault—Showing dip; dashed where approximately located or inferred; 

dotted where concealed or uncertain. Bar and ball on downthrown 

side; dike, Tbd, shown along fault

Rhyolite dike—Mapped only in upper Pueblo Creek Formation (unit 

Tpu) on east flank of Brushy Mountains north of Highway U.S. 180, 

in central part of Saliz Pass 71⁄2-minute quadrangle, and in Bloodgood 

Canyon Tuff (unit Tbt) near crest of Saliz Mountains west of 

Hightower Spring, in central part of Reserve 71⁄2-minute quadrangle

Gradational contact between vent facies (VF) and alluvial facies (AF) 

of upper Pueblo Creek Formation of Spears Group—Mapped 

only near southwest corner of quadrangle on west side of Pueblo 

Creek

Scarp within landslide area

Inferred structural margin of Bursum caldera

Volcanic center or vent—Showing age where known; locality number 

corresponds to entry in figure 4

Road metal quarry

Strike and dip of sedimentary beds or compaction foliation of 

ignimbrites (ash-flow tuffs)

Inclined

Horizontal

Apparent

Qa

Qsa

Qsb

Qsfd

Qss

Qac

Ql

QTg

QTgu

QTgl

QTs

Qp

QTb

QTd

QTbc

Tb

Tbd

Tbcc

Tfb

Taa

Tedp

Tedu

Tedl

Tedw

Tedm

Ted

GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE TULAROSA MOUNTAINS 30 ́ × 60 ́ QUADRANGLE, CATRON COUNTY, NEW MEXICO

Compiled by

James C. Ratté

2001

Tht

Thp

Thdr

Thb

Tha

Tsb

Tkb

Tjr

Tmr

Tmrd

Tli

Tsu

Tsl

Tslw

Tslg

Tpu

Tpl

Tmgu

Tad

Tba

Tbad

Tbap

Tbac

Thr

Tfr

Tsr

Tct

Tbt

Tca

Thv

Thd

Tgt

Ttr

Tsa

Tvt

Tgr

Tlt

Tdt

Ta

Tbr

Tta

Tdgu

Tcbt

Thmt

Tt

Tas

Tasb

Tasd

Tsca

Tscb

Tla

Tlai

Thsd

Thsb

Tbct

Trt

Tbrt

Tlwt

Tkt

Tft

Twt

Twft

Psgy

Tac

CONVERSION FACTORS

Multiply By To obtain

centimeters (cm) 0.3937 inches (in.)

meters (m) 3.281 feet (ft)

kilometers (km) 0.6214 miles (mi)

Any use of trade names in this publication is for

descriptive purposes only and does not imply

endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey

For sale by U.S. Geological Survey Information Services

Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225

1–888–ASK–USGS

This map is also available as a PDF file online at

http://geology.cr.usgs.gov

GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS SERIES I–2619

Pamphlet accompanies map

Tst

AF

AF

VF

VF

Tt

Tt2

Tt3 Tt4

Tt1

Printed on recycled paper

Tpt

TRUE NORTH

MAGNETIC NORTH

APPROXIMATE MEAN

DECLINATION, 1998

11 ̊ 

Edited by Diane E. Lane. Cartography 

by Dennis Welp and Joe Romero.

Geology digitized by Mark M. Mansell,

K.E. Fresch, and G.E. Jones, New 

Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral 

Resources; Nancy Shock; and 

Diane E. Lane. Digital cartography by 

Diane E. Lane and Dennis Welp.

Manuscript approved for publication

November 3, 1997.

Base from U.S. Geological Survey, 1983

Projection and 10,000-meter grid, zone 12

Universal Transverse Mercator

25,000-foot grid ticks based on New Mexico 

coordinate system, west zone. 1927 North 

American datum

0

1 0

1

CONTOUR INTERVAL 50 METERS

NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929

1

1 5 KILOMETERS

2 5 MILES

2

SCALE 1:100 000

3 4

3 4

Prepared in cooperation with the

NEW MEXICO BUREAU OF MINES AND MINERAL RESOURCES, a division of the NEW MEXICO INSTITUTE OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY

~~

~~

~~

~~

San Juan River

River

Canadian

Pecos

River

RIO

GRANDE

200 MILES

300 KILOMETERS

Silver

City

0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

32 ̊ 

33 ̊ 

34 ̊ 

35 ̊ 

36 ̊ 

37 ̊ 

109 ̊ 108 ̊ 107 ̊ 106 ̊ 105 ̊ 104 ̊ 103 ̊ 

0 50 100 150 200 250

Clovis

Tucumcari

Raton

Roswell

Carlsbad

Las Vegas

SANTA FE

Las

Cruces

Socorro

Albuquerque

Gallup

Truth or

Consequences

Datil

Magdalena

Figure 1. Index map of New Mexico showing location of Tularosa 

Mountains 30 ́ × 60 ́ quadrangle, pink shaded; Quemado 30 ́ × 60 ́ 

quadrangle, pink diagonal lines (Chamberlin and others, 1994); and 

Mogollon Mountains 30 ́ × 60 ́ quadrangle, blue diagonal lines.

Figure 2. Index to 71⁄2-minute topographic quadrangles in the Tularosa Mountains 30 ́ × 60 ́ quadrangle showing principal highways, 

settlements, and the Continental Divide. Settlements ( ): A, Aragon; AC, Apache Creek; C, Cruzville; L, Luna; OHS, Old Horse 

Springs; R, Reserve (Catron County Seat).

OHS

A

AC

C

R

L

109 ̊00 ́

34 ̊00 ́

33 ̊30 ́

30 ́ 108 ̊00 ́

UNDERWOOD LAKE

CENTER FIRE BOG

QUEENS HEAD

ARAGON

TULAROSA

CANYON

BELL PEAK

HORSE

MOUNTAIN

WEST

HORSE MOUNTAIN

EAST

SHAW MOUNTAIN

FULLERTON

RAEL SPRING

JOHN KERR PEAK

SQUIRREL SPRINGS

CRUZVILLE

CANYON

DILLON MOUNTAIN

LUNA

BULL

BASIN

RESERVE

MILLIGAN MOUNTAIN

EAGLE PEAK

COLLINS

PARK

SALVATION PEAK

RAIL

CANYON

PELONA

MOUNTAIN

INDIAN PEAKS WEST

O BAR O CANYON

WEST

O BAR O CANYON

EAST

PITCHFORK

SIGN CAMP CANYON

TELEPHONE CANYON

CANYON

O BLOCK CANYON

SALIZ PASS

0 5 10 MILES

0 5 10 KILOMETERS

C O N T I N E N T A L

D I V I D E

0 5 10 MILES

0 5 10 KILOMETERS

J.C.Ratté, unpub. data, 1997

Lawrence and Richter

(1986)

Richter (1987)

Ratté and others

(1990)

Ratté (1992)

108 ̊00 ́

Ratté (1989)

Ratté (1980)

Ratté, Bove, and

McIntosh (1994)

Bove (1970)

D.J. Bove,

unpub. data, 1996

J.C. Ratté, 

unpub. data, 1990

Richter and

Lawrence (1989)

W.A. Duffield,

unpub.data,

1996

D. Richter and

V. Lawrence,

unpub. data, 1996

33 ̊30 ́

34 ̊00 ́

109 ̊00 ́

Coney, (1976, fig. 1)

Rhodes and Smith (1976, fig. 2)

J.C. Ratté and V. Lawrence,

unpub. data, 1996

T.L. Finnell,

unpub. data, 1996

J.C. Ratté, 

unpub. data, 1996

30 ́

Figure 3.MMIndex to published geologic maps and unpublished data in the Tularosa Mountains 30 ́ × 60 ́ quadrangle.

Weber and 

Willard (1959)

Stearns (1962)

Willard and

Stearns (1971) 12

32

12

i180

i180

CO N T I N E N T A L

D I V I D E

Luna

Reserve

Cruzville

Apache

Creek

Aragon

Old Horse

Springs

LUNA

GRABEN

SAN

Pliocene to Pleistocene basaltic eruptive centers marked by cinder cones, dike 

feeders of flows associated with cinder cones, or small dike swarms associated 

with cinder and scoria deposits.

14.MMRed Butte cinder cone

15.MMUnderwood Lake cinder cones

19.MMCinder cone on Pueblo Creek south of Saddle Mountain

10.MMCinder cone remnants and associated dike and flows along upper Saliz 

Canyon

12.MMCinder deposits and scoria associated with a swarm of small dikes 

along lower Saliz Canyon

13.MMExhumed cinder cone and feeder dike along San Francisco River above 

mouth of Saliz Canyon

17.MMSmall plug and associated flows and cinder deposits along Kiehnes 

Canyon north of Negrito Creek

20.MMIsolated flows and eruptive center landforms of Feathery Hill southeast 

of Negrito Airstrip and U.S. Forest Service Fire Base

Miocene andesitic to rhyolitic volcanoes aligned along both sides of the northeasttrending Morenci-Reserve fault zone or Morenci lineament

11.MMHorse Mountain composite volcano; domes and flows of andesite to 

rhyolite

13.MMJohn Kerr Peak composite domes of dacite and rhyolite

16.MMLeggett Spring andesite stock and associated smaller intrusions or flows

17.MMMaverick Peak eruptive center and associated rhyolitic flows

14.MMApache Peak andesite composite domes

18.MMEagle Peak andesite and dacite composite domes and flows

Bearwallow Mountain Andesite Oligocene shield volcanoes and associated flows 

and satellitic cinder cones, mainly aligned along northeast-trending MorenciReserve fault zone and Morenci lineament on southeast side of San Agustin 

graben

15.MMPlug(?) and associated scoria deposits on Sign Camp Mountain

16.MMCinder cone remnants along Sign Camp Canyon

21.MMCinder cone in Sheepherders Ball Park, north of Eckleberger Canyon

22.MMCinder cone remnants along North Fork Negrito Creek

23.MMO Bar O Mountain shield volcano consisting of central plug and 

extensive lava-flow apron

24.MMSatellitic cinder cone remnant and associated plug(?) and feeder dike(?) 

on southwest flank of Pelona Mountain

25.MMPelona Mountain shield volcano having central plug and extensive lavaflow apron

26.MMPlug and surrounding scoriaceous cinder cone deposits south of 

Mogollon Divide

Eocene volcanoes of andesitic to rhyolitic composition

12.MMCerro Caballo dome or cone, and associated pyroclastic flows, block 

and ash flows, and flows(?) along the western margin of a possible 

source caldera for the Blue Canyon Tuff at Old Horse Springs

18.MMSaddle Mountain hornblende-pyroxene andesite dome or cone and 

associated hornblende-rich dikes at west edge of quadrangle

11.MMSaliz Canyon andesitic eruptive center

19.MMTelephone Canyon composite andesite volcano; in northern wall of 

Bursum caldera along upper Negrito Creek

109 ̊00 ́

34 ̊00 ́

33 ̊30 ́

30 ́ 108 ̊00 ́

SPUR

LAKE

FAULT

ZONE

GRABEN

RESERVE

FRANCISCO

FAULT

ZONE

MOUNTAINS

KEKO

FAULT

CANYON

GRABEN

SAND FLAT

GRABEN

SAN

AGUSTIN

Possible margin of a

Blue Canyon Tuff caldera

Approximate outline of

proposed Squirrel Springs

volcano-tectonic depression

of Smith and Rhodes (1974)

BURIE D MARGIN OF BURSUM CALDERA

Figure 4.MMStructural features of the Tularosa Mountains 30 ́ × 60 ́ quadrangle showing fault pattern and major named fault zones, volcanic eruptive centers, and 

proposed caldera boundaries (red, this study; gray, prior study). Bar and ball on downthrown side of selected faults.

0 5 10 MILES

0 5 10 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

23

24

25

22

21

26

15

16

1

6

7

14

18

3

1

2

8

11

19

2

4

17

20

9

10

13

12

5 4

15