## Appendix Y

Spatial Summary for Uses

I. Labeled Uses and Associated Land Cover Types for Potassium Nitrate and Sodium Nitrate Cartridges

The following use list is derived from label use information. It is used as a basis for the spatial mapping of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate cartridges. Table 1 shows which land cover types are used to repres ent the spatial area of the use ( e.g ., the use footprint). The land cover classes, were not designed to represent each use specifically but were chosen as the best spatial re presentation of a use area available. For example, dumpster

use sites are associated with all developed landcover cla sses, including developed open space, since there is a possibility dumpst ers can be found there. Greenhouses and

nurseries are associated with cultivated clas ses since it is the most likely landcover class that can represent those use site areas.



### II. Initial Area of Concern

After determining uses from label informa tion and obtaining the representative NLCD landcover classes, a pote ntial use ‘footprint’ map is made. This includes all areas within

the state of California where th e pesticide could be applied and is shown in Figure 1 for potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate cartridge s. The footprint of pot ential use represents the chemical’s initial area of concern, a nd is based on available NLCD land cover data and derived map layers.

Some uses cannot be represented adequately through existing land cove r classes, such as recreation areas, fencerows or mosquito contro l sites. The use site for the cartridges is associated equally to most land cover classes, and the use pattern can be used in several overlapping land cover classes (e.g., the chem ical could be used over wide undefined geographic areas). In these cases, the initia l area of concern is the entire state of

California.

- 1 -Initial Area of Concern for Potassium Nitrate and Sodium Nitrate Cartridges

Figure 1 Potential use sites for Potassium Nitrate and Sodium Nitrate Cartridges.

- 2 -A. Land Cover

Base mapping land cover layers for the initia l area of concern analysis were obtained from the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD 2001) for the majority of land use types. The NLCD was released as a nationally consis tent, regionally indexe d dataset in January 2007. California Gap Analysis Project (GAP) data from the Biogeography Lab from UCLA-Santa Barbara (1998) were obtained for the orchard and vineyard uses. These raster files were converted to vectors using simplification and major ity filter routines and merged into NLCD. The turf layer is deri ved from the NLCD developed areas with the impervious surface layer removed. The rights-of-way land cover layer was derived by combining road and rail information from Te leAtlas (2007) with U.S. Department of Transportation’s National Pipeline Mapping Sy stem (1999). Table 2 lists the NLCD and derived layers used for initial area of concern representation.

Table 1 NLCD Layers and its description.

Layer name Base

source Description

Cultivated Crops NLCD Grid code 82: Areas used for the produc tion of annual crops, such as corn, soybeans, vegetables, tobacco, and or chards/vineyards, and also perennial woody crops such as orchards and vineyards. Crop vegetation accounts for greater than 20 percent of total vegetation. This class also includes all land being actively tilled.

Developed, High Intensity NLCD Grid code 24: Includes highly developed areas where people reside or work in high numbers. Examples include apartment complexes, row houses and commercial/industrial. Impervious surfaces account for 80 to100 percent of the

total cover.

Developed, Low Intensity NLCD Grid code 22: Includes areas with a mixture of constructed materials and vegetation. Impervious surfaces account for 20-49 percent of total cover. These areas most commonly include single-family housing units.

Developed,

Medium Intensity NLCD Grid code 23: Includes areas with a mixture of constructed materials and vegetation. Impervious surfaces account for 50-79 percent of the total cover. These areas most commonly include single-family housing units.

Developed, Open Space NLCD Grid code 21: Includes areas with a mixt ure of some constructed materials, but mostly vegetation in the form of lawn grasses. Impervious surfaces account forless than 20 percent of total cover. These areas most commonly include largelot single-family housing units, parks, golf courses, and vegetation planted in developed settings for recreation, erosion control, or aesthetic purposes.

Forest NLCD Grid codes 41,42,43: Deciduous, evergreen and mixed. Areas dominated by trees generally greater than 5 meters tall, and greater than 20% of total vegetation cover.

Open Water NLCD Grid code 11: All areas of open water, generally with less than 25% cover of vegetation or soil.

Orchards and vineyards CA GAP Grid codes 11210, 11211 and 11212. This is the only CA GAP reference.

Pasture/Hay NLCD Grid code 81: Areas of grasses, legumes, or grass-legume mixtures planted for livestock grazing or the production of seed or hay crops, typically on a perennial cycle. Pasture/hay vegetation accounts for greater than 20 percent of total vegetation.

Wetlands NLCD Grid codes 90, 95: Woody wetlands and emergent herbaceous.

- 3 -Base Layer name Description

source

Turf NLCD A derived NLCD class based on devel oped classes and the impervious surface layer with corrections applied.

Rights-of-way US DOT;

TeleAtlas A derived class using road, rail, and pipeline coverages.

B. Initial Stream Reaches

In addition to the land cover classes describe d above, the initial area of concern includes the stream segments found within those land cover areas. The stream segments are obtained from the NHDPlus dataset. For each stream reach in the hydrography network, the data provide a tally of the total area in each NLCD land cover class for the upstream cumulative area contributing to the given stre am reach. Using the cumulative land cover data provided by the NHDPlus ( http://www.horizon-systems.com/nhdplus/ ), a cumulative percent cropped area (PCA) is calculated fo r each stream reach based on the area representing all uses for potassium nitrate a nd sodium nitrate cartri dges and is divided by the total upstream contribution area. Pesticide exposures in the streams within the initial area of concern are conservatively assu med to be represented by the estimated

environmental concentrations used in RQ calculation. For pot assium nitrate and sodium nitrate cartridges, no RQs were calculated due to no expected aquatic exposure.



### III. Spatial Extent of the Effects Determination

Based on the results of the lines of eviden ce for potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate cartridges which is independent of spatial an alysis, a Likely to A dversely Affect (LAA)

determination for direct effects and indi rect reduction in prey for the CAW and

modification to critical habitat determination was concluded for the CAW. A Not likely to Adversely Affect resulted for the SFGS a nd SJKF. The spatial extent of the LAA

effects determination is the area where there is overlap between the area of potential LAA effects with critical habitat, habitat, or occu rrence sections. This area of potential LAA

effects includes the initial area of concern fo r application of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate cartridges on a wide range of land cover types, with no expected spray drift or runoff. Therefore no spray drift buffer or dow nstream dilution analysis was performed.

The overlap of land cover corres ponding to nitrate cartridges use patterns that result in an

LAA determination and CAW dist ribution and/or designated cri tical habitat for the entire state of California is shown in Figures 1. The overlap map provides a depiction of land cover that corresponds to nitrate cartridge use patterns, overlappe d with the species’ range and/or critical habitat. It does not show the spray drift distance or the downstream

dilution distance e.g ., areas in addition to the initial ar ea of concern where LAA direct or indirect effects may occur.

IV. A Note on Limitations and Constrai nts of Tabular and Geospatial Sources

The geographic data sets used in this analys is are limited with respect to their accuracy and timeliness. The National Land Cover Data Set (Homer 2004) represents the most

- 4 -current and comprehensive coll ection of national land use and land cover information for the United States and represents land c over data obtained between 1994-1998. Three

additional data sets were used as land cover types to depict use categories not available in the NLCD dataset. These supplemental data include orchard and vineyard land cover data from the California Gap Analysis Proj ect data (Davis 1998), rights-of-way data derived from road and pipeline data from Te leatlas (2007) and the tu rf layer derived from NLCD developed class with corrections applied.

Hydrographic data are from the NHDPlus data set ( http://www.horizonsystems.com/nhdplus/ ) and the generalized streams and rivers layer from ESRI.

NHDPlus contains the most current and accura te nationwide representation of hydrologic data were also depicted in maps. At a spatial scale of 1:100,000, the NHDPlus might omit

the smallest streams and water bodies. In addi tion, in some isolated instances, there are errors in the data including missing or di sconnected stream segments and incorrect assignment of flow direction.

OPP will continue to endeavor to identify a nd incorporate (as appropriate) additional land

cover data sets for other land classes not captured in this a ssessment. In addition, as new updates to existing data occur, these will be evaluated and incorporated as appropriate.

- 5 -

### References for GIS Maps

Center for Biological Diversit y vs EPA Case No. 07-2794-JCS.

Davis, F. W., D. M. Stoms, A. D. Hollander, K. A. Thomas, P. A. Stine, D. Odion, M. I. Borchert, J. H. Thorne, M. V. Gray, R. E. Walker, K. Warner, and J. Graae. 1998. The California Gap Analysis Project--Final Report . University of California, Santa Barbara, CA. Available online at http://www.biogeog.ucsb.edu/pr ojects/gap/gap_rep.html

. Orchard/vineyard layer.

EPA Environmental Fate and Effects Divisi on NLCD-derived turf from developed and impervious layer classes.

EPA Environmental Fate and Effects Divisi on, rights-of-way layer derived from road, rail and pipeline from TeleAtlas (2007) and US DoT (1999).

ESRI Data and Maps DVD, 2002. (1:24,000). Available online at www.esri.com

.

Homer, C. C. Huang, L. Yang, B. Wylie and M. Coan. 2004. Development of a 2001 National Land cover Database for th e United States. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , Vol. 70, No. 7, July 2004, pp. 829-840.

Available online at http://www.mrlc.gov/pdf/July_PERS.pdf . NLCD layers.

Sacramento San-Joaquin Delta Fact Sheet . California Department of Water Resources.

Available online at http://www.water.ca.gov/deltainit/docs/factsheet.pdf

.

Simley, J.D., Carswell Jr., W.J., 2009, The National Map —Hydrography: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3054, 4 p. Available online at nhd.usgs.gov

.

TeleAtlas. 2007. “Dynamap 2000.” Versi on No. 17.1. Released April 2007. USPS Current to February 2007.

U.S. Department of Transportation’s National Pipeline Mapping System. 1999. USDoT/Baker. Office of Pipeline Safety, Washington, D.C. 03/30/1999.

Available online at www.npms.rspa.dot.gov

.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Critical habitat maps (Delta Smelt, Calif. Tiger Salamander, Valley Elderberry Longhorn Beetle, Bay Checkerspot Butterfly, Alameda Whips nake, Tidewater Goby) . Available online at http://criticalhabitat.fws.gov . (Accessed 24 September 2009).

SF Garter Snake U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), 1985. Recovery Plan for the San Francisco Garter Snake (Thamnophis Sirtalis Tetrataenia). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon. 77pp. Available online at

- 6 -- 7 - http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery_plan/850911.pdf . (Accessed 24 November 2009).

San Joaquin Kit Fox U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), 1998. Recovery Plan for upland species of the San Joaquin Valley, California . Region 1, Portland, OR. 319 pp. Available online

at http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery_plan/980930a.pdf . (Accessed 24 November 2009 for the San Joaquin Kit Fox).