NISTIR 7069 

Trends in Firefighter Fatalities 

Due to Structural Collapse, 

1979-2002

Lori D. Brassell 

David D. Evans 

Sponsored in part by: 

Department of Homeland Security 

Federal Emergency Management Agency 

United States Fire Administration 
NISTIR 7069 

Trends in Firefighter Fatalities 

Due to Structural Collapse, 

1979-2002 

Lori D. Brassell 

David D. Evans 

Fire Research Division 

Building and Fire Research Laboratory 

National Institute of Standards and Technology 

Gaithersburg, MD 20899

November 2003

Department of Homeland Security 

Tom Ridge, Secretary 

Federal Emergency Management Agency

Michael D. Brown, Under Secretary of 

Emergency Preparedness and Response

United States Fire Administration 

R. David Paulison, Administrator 

U.S. Department of Commerce

Donald L. Evans, Secretary

Technology Administration

Phillip J. Bond, Under Secretary for Technology

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Arden L. Bement, Jr., Director

iii 

Abstract 

Between the years 1979 and 2002 there were over 180 firefighter fatalities due to 

structural collapse, not including those firefighters lost in 2001 in the collapse of the 

World Trade Center Towers. Structural collapse is an insidious problem within the fire 

fighting community. It often occurs without warning and can easily cause multiple 

fatalities. 

As part of a larger research program to help reduce firefighter injuries and fatalities the 

U.S. Fire Administration (USFA) funded the National Institute of Standards and 

Technology (NIST) to examine records and determine if there were any trends and/or 

patterns that could be detected in firefighter fatalities due to structural collapse. If so, 

these trends could be brought immediately to the attention of training officers and 

incident commanders and investigated further to determine probable causes. 

v 

Table of Contents 

I. Introduction........................................................................................................... 2 

II. Data Collection...................................................................................................... 2 

III. Analysis .................................................................................................................. 3 

IV. Findings and Discussion – 1994-2002.................................................................. 4 

V. Findings and Discussion – 1979-2002.................................................................. 4 

VI. Conclusions............................................................................................................ 5 

VII. Acknowledgments ................................................................................................. 6 

VIII. References.............................................................................................................. 7

Appendix A: Crosstabulations of Collapse Data (Burt Table) ................................ A-1 

Appendix B: Table A – Original Firefighter Data.................................................... B-1 

Appendix B: Table B – Original Firefighter Data (cont’d)...................................... B-4 

vii 

List of Figures 

Table 1 - Findings from the Chi Square Test ................................................................... 4 

Figure 1 - Fatalities and Incidents per Year (1994- 2002).............................................. 13 

Figure 2 - Fatalities by Month ......................................................................................... 13 

Figure 3 - Fatalities by Time of Incident......................................................................... 14 

Figure 4 - Fatalities by Age ............................................................................................. 14 

Figure 5 - Fatalities by Years of Experience ................................................................... 15 

Figure 6 - Fatalities by Rank ........................................................................................... 15 

Figure 7 - Fatalities by Activity....................................................................................... 16 

Figure 8 - Fatalities by Nature of Death .......................................................................... 16 

Figure 9 - Fatalities By Activity and Duty Type ............................................................. 17 

Figure 10 - Fatalities by Cause of Death and Duty Type .................................................. 17 

Figure 11 - Fatalities By Month and Rank ........................................................................ 18 

Figure 12 - Fatalities By Activity and Cause of Death...................................................... 18 

Figure 13 - Fatalities By Cause of Death and Property Type............................................ 19 

Figure 14 - Fatalities by Cause of Death and Nature of Death.......................................... 19 

Figure 15 - Fatalities By Property Type and Status........................................................... 20 

Figure 16 - Fatalities By Activity and Status..................................................................... 20 

Figure 17 - Fatalities By Activity and Property Type ....................................................... 21 

Figure 18 - Fatalities By Month and Nature of Death....................................................... 21 

Figure 19 - Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse per Year (1979-2002) .......................... 22 

Figure 20 - Fatalities by Cause of Death ........................................................................... 23 

Figure 21 - Fatalities by Fixed Property Type................................................................... 24 


2 

Trends in Firefighter Fatalities 

Due to Structural Collapse 

1979-2002 

I. Introduction 

Between the years 1979 and 2002 there were over 180 firefighter fatalities due to 

structural collapse, not including those firefighters lost in 2001 in the collapse of the 

World Trade Center Towers. Structural collapse is an insidious problem within the fire 

fighting community. It often occurs without warning and can easily cause multiple 

fatalities. 

As part of a larger research program to help reduce firefighter injuries and fatalities the 

U.S. Fire Administration (USFA) funded the National Institute of Standards and 

Technology (NIST) to examine records and determine if there were any trends or patterns 

that could be detected in firefighter fatalities due to structural collapse. If so, these trends 

could be brought immediately to the attention of training officers and incident 

commander and investigated further to determine probable causes. 

II. Data Collection 

Data for fires resulting in a firefighter fatality caused by a structural collapse were 

collected for the years 1994 through 2002 [Tables 1 & 2, Appendix B] from the USFA 

National Fallen Firefighters Memorial Database [1], which requires each firefighter to 

meet the criteria determined by the National Fallen Firefighters Foundation [2]. 

Supplemental data was obtained from investigation and statistical reports provided by the 

USFA, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the National 

Fire Protection Association (NFPA), and various periodicals [3-80]. Both NFPA and 

NIOSH have published recommendations for preventing injury and death due to 

structural collapse as a result of their investigations of specific incidents [14, 54]. This 

study does not deal in depth with individual incidents, but looks for trends in the fatality 

data as classified in existing databases. 

In 2001, an extraordinary 341 firefighters died in the collapse of the two 110-story towers 

of the World Trade Center in New York City. Although these deaths clearly involved 

structural collapse, they are not included in this analysis. In a separate building and fire 

safety investigation, NIST is studying the factors contributing to the probable cause (or 

causes) of post-aircraft-impact collapse of the two 110-story towers (World Trade Center 

buildings 1 and 2) and the 47-story World Trade Center Building (Number 7) to provide 

a technical basis for developing improved building and fire codes, standards, and 

practices. 

Some collapse incidents in the firefighter fatality data set were the result of explosions. 

This study is limited to collapse as the result of the progressive weakening of structures 

by fire. Therefore, firefighter fatalities that were identified in the data set as the result of 

an explosion inside or outside of a structure were not included in this study. 
3

The scope of this study is limited to the available data described above. This data was 

analyzed to determine any obvious trends in firefighter fatalities in structure collapse. 

Additional data and further study is required to determine probable causes. 

III. Analysis 

This study examined data from structural collapse incidents that occurred from 1994 to 

2002 involving one or more firefighter fatalities in which fire weakened to failure 

structural members of a building resulting in the complete or partial collapse of any part 

of the structure, excluding the cases described above. Several data parameters were 

analyzed for each incident, including the time of the incident, the property type of the 

structure, the firefighter’s age, years of experience, status (i.e., career or volunteer), 

nature and cause of death, and activity at the time of death. In the case of rank, 

individuals ranked higher than captain were designated chief officers. Any dual-trained 

firefighter (e.g., firefighter/paramedic) was designated as firefighter. 

In order to analyze the distribution of the data among the parameters, frequency tables 

were created for each variable. The cumulative frequencies were also calculated for each 

of the ordinal variables (i.e., age, rank, time, month, and years of experience). The data 

were then arranged in an indicator matrix, where the indicator matrix (X) has one row for 

each fatality and one column for each parameter category. The product of the indicator 

matrix (X) and its transpose (XT

) is called a Burt table (XTX) [81]. The partitions of the 

Burt table, shown in Appendix A, are two-way cross-tabulations that show the frequency 

distribution of the data between two parameters (e.g., cause of death versus nature of 

death). These tables were used to explore any relationships between parameters. Pearson 

Chi-Square tests were performed on each two-way table to test the significance of any 

relationship between the two parameters [81]. Note, however, that a statistically 

significant relationship does not indicate a causal relationship. 

The 1994-2002 data were also compared to results reported in two earlier NFPA reports 

addressing firefighter fatalities due to structural collapse [13, 14]. These reports analyzed 

data from incidents that occurred from 1979-1988 and 1983-1992, respectively. The raw 

data from these reports were not available. In order to make comparisons, several 

categories of the data were restructured for the data for the more recent years in order to 

fit the criteria established in the NFPA reports. For instance, in the historical reports the 

category for cause of death only had the two parameters “Caught or Trapped” and 

“Struck by/ Contact with Object.” Data collected for the years 1994-2002 included 

“Exposure” and “Fell or jumped” as additional causes of death (as designated by the 

USFA Memorial database). Cases that belonged to the latter two categories were 

realigned with the criteria established in the NFPA reports. For example, the cause of 

death of a firefighter who fell through a floor during a fire attack and was unable to 

escape or be rescued would be designated in the USFA database as “Fell or jumped.” To 

compare this case to the NFPA reports the cause of death would be reassigned to “Caught 

or Trapped.” 
4 

IV. Findings and Discussion – 1994-2002 

Between the years 1994 and 2002 there were 63 deaths caused by structural collapse in a 

total of 47 fires ( Figure 1). Of these deaths, over two-thirds occurred within the first six 

months of the year and over one-half occurred in the first three months (Figure 2). Over 

42 % of deaths with known incident times occurred in the first eight hours of the day 

(12:00 A.M. – 7:59 A.M.) (Figure 3). Victims of structural collapse were part of several 

age groups, experience levels, and ranks and were involved in several activities (Figure 4, 

Figure 5, Figure 6, and Figure 7). Over 44 % of deaths involved career firefighters with 

six or more years of experience. A majority of the victims (over 65 %) were involved in 

fire attack or advancing hose (Figure 7). The nature of firefighter deaths in collapsed 

structures is categorized as asphyxiation, burns, internal trauma, and other causes. Over 

42 % of fatalities (27 deaths) were by asphyxiation (Figure 8). 

The Pearson Chi Square test was used to test for any statistical relationships between 

variables. Table 1 shows the relationships between variables found to be statistically 

significant using this test. The significance level (α) used was 0.01, which indicates that 

there is a 1 % chance that there actually is no relationship between the variables listed in 

Table 1. 

Table 1 - Findings from the Chi Square Test 

Each of these relationships is shown graphically in Figures 9 through 18. 

V. Findings and Discussion – 1979-2002 

The data set for the years 1994 to 2002 was compared to two NFPA studies of earlier 

data. In this comparison several findings were made. Since 1979, the number of deaths 

caused by structural collapse has steadily declined (Figure 19). In addition to the decline 

in deaths involving structural collapse there are two significant findings in these 

comparisons. One of these findings concerns the cause of death and the other addresses 

property type. 

 

In the studies of earlier data, incidents involving structural collapse are generally divided 

into two categories. In the first, a firefighter is generally caught or trapped inside a 

Variable 1 Variable 2 Observations Figures 

Activity Duty Type 65.08 % (41 deaths) were attacking fire on the fireground. Figure 9 

Cause of Death Duty Type 69.84 % (44 deaths) were caught or trapped on the fireground. Figure 10 

Month Rank 44.44 % (28 deaths) had the rank of firefighter and died in the first 3 months of the year. Figure 11 

Activity Cause of Death 50.79 % (32 deaths) were caught or trapped while attacking fire. Figure 12 

Cause of Death Property Type 42.86 % (27 deaths) were caught or trapped in a residential property. Figure 13 

Cause of Death Nature of Death 50.79 % (32 deaths) were caught or trapped and died of asphyxiation and burns. Figure 14 

Property Type Status 33.33 % (21 deaths) were career firefighters in a residential area. Figure 15 

Activity Status 36.51 % (23 deaths) were career firefighters who were attacking fire. Figure 16 

Activity Property Type 34.92 % (22 deaths) were attacking a fire on a residential property. Figure 17 

Month Nature of Death 44.44 % (28 deaths) died of burns or asphyxiation in the first 3 months of the year. Figure 18 
5

structure and cannot escape or be rescued because of the collapse or partial collapse of a 

structure. The firefighter usually runs out of air supply or succumbs to burns. The 

second category involves those that were struck and severely injured by some part of a 

collapsing structure, usually while working on the outside. 

In the two NFPA studies of earlier data, a relatively constant 60 % of firefighter deaths in 

structures were caught or trapped, while the remaining 40 % were struck by or had hard 

contact with an object. In the years 1994 to 2002, however, over 85 % of the fatalities (54 

deaths) were caused by a firefighter being caught or trapped inside a structure (Figure 20). 

Another shift in the years 1994 to 2002 from earlier years involves the property type of 

the collapsing structures. Structural collapses occurred in several different property 

types. However, the percentage of firefighter deaths in collapses that occur on residential 

property has risen over recent years. The two NFPA reports each cover ten-year periods. 

In each of those ten-year periods residential structures were involved approximately 14 

percent of the time. However in the nine-year period of 1994-2002, 51 % of the 

fatalities (33 deaths) occurred in residential structures (Figure 21). This shows there is a 

significantly larger percentage of a death occurring in a residential structure in the years 

1994 to 2002 than in two earlier ten-year samples. 

 

VI. Conclusions 

The analysis for trends of the collected data showed: 

 The number of collapse fatalities on an annual basis has declined since 1979. 

 Compared to limited historical data, the percentage of collapse fatalities that 

occurred in residential properties has increased. 

 Collapse fatalities are generally caused two ways: by being caught or trapped 

in the structure or by being struck by an object. Compared to limited 

historical data, the percentage of collapse fatalities caused by being caught or 

trapped in the structure has increased. 

 A majority (over 65 %) of collapse fatalities occurred during fire attack. 

 Over half of collapse fatalities occurred during the first three months of the 

year and over 42 % occurred in the first eight hours of the day (Midnight to 

8:00 AM). 

Further study and additional data are needed to determine probable causes for the 

observed trends. For example, it would be interesting to know which are the major 

factors causing the observed increase residential fire collapse fatalities as a fraction of the 

total losses. Determining the probable causes for the observed trends would provide the 

fire service with addition information useful in fire fighter training and incident 

command. 
6 

VII. Acknowledgments 

The authors would like to thank William Troup of the USFA and Rita Fahy of the NFPA 

for all of their help with the collection and verification of the data presented in this report 

and Ana Ivelisse Aviles, Ph.D. of NIST for statistical analysis. They would also like to 

thank all of the fire departments that provided additional information about the incidents 

so that each could be classified accurately.
7

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8 

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9

[31] “Mayor Giuliani Honors the Memory of Fallen Fire Lieutenant John M. Clancy.” 

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10 

[45] National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Death in the Line of Duty: 

Restaurant Fire Claims the Life of Two Career Fire Fighters - Texas, F2000-13

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Volunteer Fire Fighter Dies and Another Fire Fighter is Injured During Wall 

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First Floor Collapse During Residential Basement Fire Claims the Life of Two 

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One Career Fire Fighter Dies and Another Is Injured After Partial Structural 

Collapse - Texas, F2002-07 (January 29, 2003). 

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One Career Fire Fighter Dies and a Captain is Hospitalized After Floor 

Collapses in Residential Fire - North Carolina, F2002-11 (January 31, 2003). 

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11

[59] Raffa, Frank. “Signal 5-5-5-5 For The 766th Time.” Nov. 2, 2002 

<http://members.aol.com/fd347/5555766.htm>. 

[60] Riccardi, Nicholas and Yi, Daniel. “L.A. Firefighter Killed in Blaze.” Los 

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[65] Slepicka, Lon. “NBC Dateline 'Firehouse' Stories Portray Station Reality.” 

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12 

[78] United States Fire Administration, Fire Fighter Fatalities in the United States in 

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[79] Wernimont, Jeff. “John Goessling.” 1999 <yourtruehero.org>. 

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13

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Number of Fatalities

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Number of Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse by Month

Career Volunteer Unknown Status

Figure 2 - Fatalities by Month 
14 

6

8

7

2

3

5

3

2 8

1

2

6

1

5

4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Number of

Fatalities 

12:00 AM to

3:59 AM

4:00 AM to

7:59 AM

8:00 AM to

11:59 AM

12:00 PM to

3:59 PM

4:00 PM to

7:59 PM

8:00 PM to

11:59 PM

Unknown

Number of Fatalities due to Structural Collapse by Time of Incident

Career Volunteer Unknown

Figure 3 - Fatalities by Time of Incident 

1

4

2

1

7

5

6

4

6

8

10

1

1

1

2

3

1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Number of Fatalities

<21 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 51-55 >55

Age

Number of Firefighter Fatalities due to Structural Collapse by Age

Career Volunteer Unknown Status

Figure 4 - Fatalities by Age 
15

8

11

1

15

6

0

13

3

1

2

3

0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Number of Fatailities

0 to 5.5 6 to 15 >15 Unknown Experience

Years of Experience

Number of Fatalities due to

 Structural Collapse by Years of Experience

Career Volunteer Unknown Status

Figure 5 - Fatalities by Years of Experience 

28

14

1

2 4

1

1

4

2

6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Number of Fatalities

Firefighter Sergeant Lieutenant Captain Chief Officer

Number of Fatalities 

due to Structural Collapse by Rank

Career Volunteer Unknown Status

Figure 6 - Fatalities by Rank 
16 

23

18

1

9

1

1 1

3 3

1

2

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Number of Fatalities

Advancing Fire

Hose/Fire Attack

Forcible Entry Search and

Rescue

Support Duties Ventilation Other Activity

Number of Firefighter Fatalities due to Structural Collapse by Activity Type

Career Volunteer Unknown Status

Figure 7 - Fatalities by Activity 

15

10

2

9

6

9

7

5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Number of

Fatalities

Asphyxiation Burns Internal Trauma Unknown

Number of Fatalites due to Structural Collapse

 By Nature of Death

Career Volunteer Unknown

Figure 8 - Fatalities by Nature of Death 
17

41

1 10

4 5

1

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Advancing

Fire Hose/Fire

Attack

Forcible Entry Search and

Rescue

Support

Duties

Ventilation Other Activity

Inspection

Training

Fireground Operations

Number of Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse 

By Activity and Duty Type

Figure 9 - Fatalities By Activity and Duty Type 

44

2 8 7

1

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Caught or Trapped Exposure Fell or Jumped Struck By/ Contact

with Object

Inspection

Training

Fireground Operations

Number of Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse

By Cause of Death and Duty Type

Figure 10 - Fatalities by Cause of Death and Duty Type 
18 

7

11

10

1

2 2 2

5

1

2

1

2

1

2

2

2 1 1 1 1

1

0

1 1 1

1 1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

Sergeant

Lieutenant

Captain

Chief Officer

Firefighter

Number of Fatalities Due To Structural Collapse

By Month and Rank

Figure 11 - Fatalities By Month and Rank 

32

9

2 1 5

1 1 1

3 1

4

1 1 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Advancing

Fire

Hose/Fire

Attack

Forcible

Entry

Search and

Rescue

Support

Duties

Ventilation Other

Activity

Exposure

Fell or Jumped

Struck By/ Contact with Object

Caught or Trapped

Number of Fatalities Due To Structural Collapse

 By Activity and Cause of Death

Figure 12 - Fatalities By Activity and Cause of Death 
19

27

1 2 9 3

1 3

5

1

1

4

1 1 1

2 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Caught or

Trapped

Exposure Fell or Jumped Struck By/

Contact with

Object

Storage

Vacant Property

Manufacturing

Public Assembly

Store/Office

Residential

Number of Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse

 By Cause of Death and Property Type

Figure 13 - Fatalities By Cause of Death and Property Type 

19

1

7

13

2

8

1

7

4

1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Caught or Trapped Exposure Fell or Jumped Struck By/ Contact

with Object

Unknown Nature

Internal Trauma

Burns

Asphyxiation

 Firefighter Fatalities due to Structural Collapse 

by Cause and Nature of Death

Figure 14 - Fatalities by Cause of Death and Nature of Death 
20 

3 1

21

2

9

2

5

12

1

4

1

2

0

5

10

15

20

25

Manufacturing Public

Assembly

Residential Storage Store/Office Vacant

Property

Unknown Status

Volunteer

Career

Number of Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse 

By Property Type and Status

Figure 15 - Fatalities By Property Type and Status 

23

1

9

1 1

3

18

1

3

1

2

0

5

10

15

20

25

Advancing Fire

Hose/Fire Attack

Forcible Entry Search and

Rescue

Support Duties Ventilation Other Activity

Unknown Status

Volunteer

Career

Number of Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse 

By Activity and Status

Figure 16 - Fatalities By Activity and Status 
21

22

7

1 1 2

9

1 6 2 1

2 1

1

4

1 1 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

Advancing

Fire

Hose/Fire

Attack

Forcible

Entry

Search and

Rescue

Support

Duties

Ventilation Other

Activity

Vacant Property

Manufacturing

Storage

Public Assembly

Store/Office

Residential

Number of Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse 

By Activity and Property Type

Figure 17 - Fatalities By Activity and Property Type 

6

8

3

2

1 1

2

1 1

2

1

2

8

1 1 1 1

3

2 2

3

4

1 1

3

1 1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Unknown Nature

Internal Trauma

Burns

Asphyxiation

Number of Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse 

by Month and Nature of Death

Figure 18 - Fatalities By Month and Nature of Death 
22 

Firefighter Deaths Due to Structural Collapse per Year

15

11

6

5

4

1

11

5

4

7

5

10

8

14 14

8

7

6

10

6

7

7

9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Year

Number of

Fatalities

NA

Figure 19 - Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse per Year (1979-2002) 
23

1979-1988

Caught or 

Trapped

60%

Struck By/ 

Contact with 

Object

40%

93 Deaths in 

74 Incidents

1983-1992 

Caught or 

Trapped

63%

Struck By/ 

Contact with 

Object

37%

71 Deaths in

54 Incidents

1994-2002

Caught or 

Trapped

85%

Other

2%

Struck By/ 

Contact with 

Object

13%

63 Deaths in

47 Incidents

Figure 20 - Fatalities by Cause of Death 
24 

Store/Office

32%

Residential

15%

Storage

9%

Manufacturing

9%

Public Assembly

16%

Vacant Property

19%

1979-1988

(30 Deaths)

(18 Deaths) (15 Deaths)

(8 Deaths)

(14 Deaths)

(8 Deaths)

Store/Office

32%

Manufacturing

13%

Storage

7%

Residential

13%

Public Assembly

15%

Vacant Property

20%

1983-1992

(23 Deaths)

(14 Deaths) (11 Deaths)

(9 Deaths)

(9 Deaths)

(5 Deaths)

Store/Office

21%

Public Assembly

10% Residential

51%

Storage

5%

Manufacturing

8%

Vacant Property

5%

1994-2002

(13 Deaths)

(3 Deaths)

(6 Deaths)

(5 Deaths)

(33 Deaths)

(3 Deaths)

Figure 21 - Fatalities by Fixed Property Type
A-1

Appendix A: Crosstabulations of Collapse Data (Burt Table) 

Career Volunteer Unknown Status Fireground Operations Inspection Training 0 to 5.5 6 to 15 >15 Unknown Experience Caught or Trapped Exposure Fell or Jumped Struck By/ Contact with Object Asp

Career 38 0 0 37 1 0 8 15 13 2 28 2 4 4 

Volunteer 0 23 0 22 0 1 11 6 3 3 16 1 2 4 

Unknown Status 00220010100020 

Fireground 37 22 2 61 0 0 20 20 16 5 44 2 8 7 

Inspection 10001000100001 

Training 01000101000100 

0 to 5.5 8 11 1 20 0 0 20 0 0 0 13 0 4 3 

6 to 15 15 6 0 20 0 1 0 21 0 0 15 2 1 3 

>15 13 3 1 16 1 0 0 0 17 0 12 1 2 2 

Unknown 

Experience 23050000054010 

Caught or Trapped 28 16 0 44 0 0 13 15 12 4 44 0 0 0 

Exposure 21020102100300 

Fell or Jumped 42280041210080 

Struck By/ Contact 

with Object 44071033200008 

Asphyxiation 15 10 2 26 0 1 11 9 5 2 19 1 7 0 

Burns 9 6 0 15 0 0 4 5 4 2 13 2 0 0 

Internal Trauma 9 7 0 15 1 0 4 5 6 1 8 0 1 7 

Unknown Nature 50050012204001 

00:00 to 07:59 13 10 0 23 0 0 7 8 7 1 17 1 3 2 08:00 to 15:59 6 7 0 11 1 1 4 6 3 0 11 1 0 1 16:00 to 23:59 14 2 2 18 0 0 6 4 6 2 11 0 4 3 

Unknown Time 54090033125112 

Firefighter 28 14 1 42 1 0 19 14 7 3 32 0 5 6 

Sergeant 20020000112000 

Lieutenant 41160002402121 

Captain 42060012305100 

Chief Officer 06050103213111 

Advancing Fire 

Hose/Fire Attack 23 18 0 41 0 0 12 17 9 3 32 1 3 5 

Forcible Entry 10010010000001 

Search and Rescue 9 1 0 10 0 0 2 2 5 1 9 1 0 0 

Support Duties 10001000100001 

Ventilation 13040030012011 

Other Activity 31250122201140 

Manufacturing 30250020300140 

Public Assembly 15060042005010 

Residential 21 12 0 31 1 1 8 13 9 3 27 1 2 3 

Storage 21030000122001 

Store/Office 9 4 0 13 0 0 5 4 4 0 9 0 1 3 

Vacant Property 21030012001101 

<21 01010010001000 

21-25 42170061005011 26-30 7 5 0 11 0 1 5 5 0 2 10 1 0 1 31-35 6 4 0 10 0 0 3 5 1 1 6 1 2 1 36-40 6 8 0 14 0 0 3 4 6 1 12 1 0 1 41-45 10 1 1 11 1 0 1 5 5 1 5 0 5 2 46-50 12030011102001 51-55 30030000302001 

>55 10010000101000 

January 53291040424051 

February 10 5 0 15 0 0 4 9 1 1 13 0 0 2 

March 8 3 0 11 0 0 3 5 3 0 10 1 0 0 

April 21020102102100 

May 11020011000011 

June 10010000101000 

July 32050011305000 

August 12030020012010 

September 42060030303003 

October 10010000101000 

November 02020001011001 

December 22040022002110 

Status Duty Type Years of Experience Cause of Death 
A-2 

Appendix A: Crosstabulations of Collapse Data (Burt Table) page 2 

00:00 to 

07:59

08:00 to 

15:59

16:00 to 

23:59

Unknown 

Time Firefighter Sergeant Lieutenant Captain Chief Officer Advancing Fire Hose/Fire Attack Forcible Entry Search and Rescue 

Career 13 6 14 5 28 2 4 4 0 23 1 9 

Volunteer 10 7 2 4 14 0 1 2 6 18 0 1 

Unknown Status 002010100 0 00

Fireground 23 11 18 9 42 2 6 6 5 41 1 10 

Inspection 010010000 0 00

Training 010000001 0 00

0 to 5.5 7 4 6 3 19 0 0 1 0 12 1 2 

6 to 15 8 6 4 3 14 0 2 2 3 17 0 2 

>15 736171432 9 05

Unknown 

Experience 102231001 3 01

Caught or Trapped 17 11 11 5 32 2 2 5 3 32 0 9 

Exposure 110100111 1 01

Fell or Jumped 304150201 3 00

Struck By/ Contact 

with Object 213260101 5 10

Asphyxiation 10 6 7 4 19 0 3 3 2 16 0 3 

Burns 3 5 4 3 10 1 1 2 1 10 0 4 

Internal Trauma 8 2 4 2 10 0 2 1 3 11 1 2 

Unknown Nature 203041000 4 01

00:00 to 07:59 23 0 0 0 14 1 2 2 4 17 0 5 08:00 to 15:59 0 13 0 0 10 0 0 1 2 9 0 1 16:00 to 23:59 0 0 18 0 13 0 3 2 0 10 1 3 

Unknown Time 000961110 5 01

Firefighter 14 10 13 6 43 0 0 0 0 28 1 7 

Sergeant 100102000 1 00

Lieutenant 203100600 2 02

Captain 212100060 5 01

Chief Officer 420000006 5 00

Advancing Fire 

Hose/Fire Attack 17 9 10 5 28 1 2 5 5 41 0 0 

Forcible Entry 001010000 0 10

Search and Rescue 5 1 3 1 7 0 2 1 0 0 0 10 

Support Duties 010010000 0 00

Ventilation 110231000 0 00

Other Activity 014130201 0 00

Manufacturing 104020210 1 00

Public Assembly 131130021 6 00

Residential 13 8 9 3 25 0 2 2 4 22 0 7 

Storage 002121000 2 00

Store/Office 722291111 9 12

Vacant Property 100220100 1 01

<21 010010000 1 00

21-25 313070000 4 1126-30 522381021 8 0231-35 223370102 4 0236-40 5 5 3 1 9 1 1 2 1 10 0 3 41-45 514270221 8 0146-50 201010101 2 0151-55 012030000 3 00

>55 100000100 1 00

January 325070201 4 01

February 9 3 2 1 11 0 0 2 2 11 0 4 

March 2 6 2 1 10 0 0 1 0 8 0 2 

April 011110011 2 00

May 100120000 2 00

June 001000100 0 01

July 302020012 4 01

August 200121000 1 00

September 113150100 3 10

October 100001000 1 00

November 101010100 2 00

December 001320110 3 01

Time Rank Activity Typ
A-3

Appendix A: Crosstabulations of Collapse Data (Burt Table) page 3 

Manuf acturing Public Residential Storage Store/Of f ice Vacant <21 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 

Career 3 1 21 2 9 2 0 4 7 6 6 10 

Volunteer 0 5 12 1 4 1 1 2 5 4 8 1 

Unknown Status 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 

Fireground 5 6 31 3 13 3 1 7 11 10 14 11 Inspection 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 

Training 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 to 5.5 2 4 8 0 5 1 1 6 5 3 3 1 

6 to 15 0 2 13 0 4 2 0 1 5 5 4 5 

>15 3 0 9 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 6 5 

Unknown 

Experience 0 032 0 0002111

Caught or Trapped 0 5 27 2 9 1 1 5 10 6 12 5 

Exposure 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 

Fell or Jumped 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 5 

Struck By / Contact 

with Object

0 031 3 1011112

Asphy xiation 4 3 11 1 7 1 1 4 5 4 4 8 

Burns 1 2 10 1 0 1 0 1 3 3 6 1 

Internal Trauma 0 1 9 1 4 1 0 1 4 3 2 2 

Unknown Nature 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 2 1 

00:00 to 07:59 1 1 13 0 7 1 0 3 5 2 5 5 08:00 to 15:59 0 3 8 0 2 0 1 1 2 2 5 1 16:00 to 23:59 4 1 9 2 2 0 0 3 2 3 3 4 

Unknown Time 0 1 3 1 2 2 0 0 3 3 1 2 

Firef ighter 2 3 25 2 9 2 1 7 8 7 9 7 

Sergeant 0 0 0 1 1 0001010

Lieutenant 2 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 

Captain 1 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 2 2 

Chief Of f icer 0 1 4 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 

Adv ancing Fire 

Hose/Fire Attack

1 6 22 2 9 1 1 4 8 4 10 8 

Forcible Entry 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 

Search and Rescue 0 0 7 0 2 1 0 1 2 2 3 1 

Support Duties 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 

Ventilation 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 2 1 0 

Other Activ ity 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 2 Manuf acturing 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 2 

Public Assembly 0 6 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 1 

Residential 0 0 33 0 0 0 0 4 6 4 9 7 

Storage 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 

Store/Of f ice 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 2 2 2 3 2 

Vacant Property 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 2 0 0 

<21 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 

21-25 1 0 4 0 2 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 26-30 0 2 6 1 2 1 0 0 12 0 0 0 31-35 1 1 4 0 2 2 0 0 0 10 0 0 36-40 1 0 9 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 41-45 2 1 7 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 46-50 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51-55 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

>55 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

January 4 1 5 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 4 

February 0 3 7 0 4 1 1 1 6 1 1 4 

March 1 0 8 0 2 0 0 1 1 2 6 1 

April 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 May 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 

June 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

July 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 0 

August 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 

September 0 0 2 1 2 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 

October 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 

Nov ember 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 December 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 

Fixed Property Use Age
A-4 

Appendix A: Crosstabulations of Collapse Data (Burt Table) page 4 

January February March April May June July August September October Novemb

Career 5 10 8 2 1 1 3 1 4 1 0 

Volunteer 35311022202

Unknown Status 20000000000

Fireground 9 15 11 2 2 1 5 3 6 1 2 

Inspection 10000000000

Training 00010000000

0 to 5.5 44301012300

6 to 15 09521010001

>15 41310130310

Unknown 

Experience 21000001001

Caught or Trapped 4 13 10 2 0 1 5 2 3 1 1 

Exposure 00110000000

Fell or Jumped 50001001000

Struck By/ Contact 

with Object 12001000301

Asphyxiation 68320112101

Burns 12810011000

Internal Trauma 32002030401

Unknown Nature 03000000110

00:00 to 07:59 3920103211108:00 to 15:59 2361000010016:00 to 23:59 52210120301

Unknown Time 01111001100

Firefighter 7 11 10 1 2 0 2 2 5 0 1 

Sergeant 00000001010

Lieutenant 20000100101

Captain 02110010000

Chief Officer 12010020000

Advancing Fire 

Hose/Fire Attack 4 11 8 2 2 0 4 1 3 1 2 

Forcible Entry 00000000100

Search and Rescue 14200110000

Support Duties 10000000000

Ventilation 00000002200

Other Activity 40110000000

Manufacturing 40100000000

Public Assembly 13000000000

Residential 57821150201

Storage 00000001101

Store/Office 04211002210

Vacant Property 01000000100

<21 01000000000

21-25 2110001110026-30 0611101100031-35 2121001110036-40 0160002011241-45 4411100000046-50 1100010000051-55 10000000200

>55 00000000100

January 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

February 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

March 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

April 00030000000

May 00002000000

June 00000100000

July 00000050000

August 00000003000

September 00000000600

October 00000000010

November 00000000002

December 00000000000

Month
B-1 

Appendix B: Table A – Original Firefighter Data 

ID Age Gender Rank Status Years in Service Date of Death Cause of Death Nature of Death State Em

1 27 Male Firefighter Volunteer 2/27/1994 Caught or Trapped Burns Michigan 2 28 Male Sergeant Career 8/3/1994 Caught or Trapped Burns Kentucky 3 58 Male Lieutenant Career 36 9/11/1994 Caught or Trapped Internal Trauma Florida 4 44 Male Firefighter Career 2.5 12/24/1994 Fell or Jumped Asphyxiation Wisconsin 5 25 Male Firefighter Unknown 3 1/5/1995 Fell or Jumped Asphyxiation Washington 6 35 Male Firefighter Career 4 1/5/1995 Fell or Jumped Asphyxiation Washington 7 43 Male Lieutenant Unknown 22 1/5/1995 Fell or Jumped Asphyxiation Washington 8 45 Male Lieutenant Career 24 1/5/1995 Fell or Jumped Asphyxiation Washington 9 27 Male Firefighter Career 1.2 2/14/1995 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Pennsylvania 

10 43 Female Firefighter Career 8 2/14/1995 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Pennsylvania 11 42 Male Captain Career 13 2/14/1995 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Pennsylvania 12 33 Male Firefighter Career 9 3/8/1995 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Kansas 13 25 Male Firefighter Career 1.5 9/16/1995 Struck By/ Contact with Object Internal Trauma Maryland 14 35 Male Lieutenant Career 9 12/31/1995 Exposure Burns New York 15 37 Male Firefighter Career 12 2/5/1996 Caught or Trapped Unknown New York 16 32 Male Firefighter Career 10 3/18/1996 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Virginia 17 38 Male Firefighter Career 15 3/18/1996 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Virginia 18 43 Male Captain Career 26 4/23/1996 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Nebraska 19 31 Male Firefighter Volunteer 5 9/29/1996 Struck By/ Contact with Object Internal Trauma Illinois 20 36 Male Firefighter Volunteer 11/27/1996 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Connecticut 21 36 Male Firefighter Volunteer 15 12/27/1996 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Georgia 
B-2 

ID Age Gender Rank Status Years in Service Date of Death Cause of Death Nature of Death State Em

22 47 Male Engineer Volunteer 4 1/1/1997 Caught or Trapped Burns New York 23 33 Male Firefighter Career 1/11/1997 Caught or Trapped Internal Trauma Louisiana 24 43 Male Assistant Chief Volunteer 1/26/1997 Fell or Jumped Asphyxiation Wisconsin 25 21 Male Firefighter Career 0 2/6/1997 Caught or Trapped Unknown California 26 29 Male Firefighter Career 7 2/6/1997 Caught or Trapped Internal Trauma California 27 29 Male Firefighter Career 7 2/17/1997 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Kentucky 28 27 Male Firefighter Volunteer 2.5 5/24/1997 Struck By/ Contact with Object Internal Trauma New York 29 38 Male Sergeant Career 19 10/24/1997 Caught or Trapped Unknown Washington, D.C. 30 38 Male Captain Career 17 3/8/1998 Exposure Burns California 31 48 Male Lieutenant Career 21 6/6/1998 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation New York 32 40 Male Captain Career 20 7/4/1998 Caught or Trapped Burns New York 33 21 Male Firefighter Volunteer 4 8/29/1998 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Mississippi 34 35 Male Firefighter Volunteer 3 8/29/1998 Fell or Jumped Asphyxiation Mississippi 35 54 Male Firefighter Career 35 9/5/1998 Struck By/ Contact with Object Internal Trauma Vermont 36 27 Male Captain Volunteer 1 12/31/1998 Struck By/ Contact with Object Internal Trauma Georgia 37 22 Male Firefighter Volunteer 1 1/9/1999 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Indiana 38 52 Male Firefighter Career 29 1/10/1999 Caught or Trapped Internal Trauma California 39 43 Male Fire Investigator Career 20 1/19/1999 Struck By/ Contact with Object Internal Trauma New York 40 20 Male Firefighter Volunteer 2 2/15/1999 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Texas 41 29 Male Captain Volunteer 6 2/15/1999 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Texas 42 35 Male Assistant Chief Volunteer 14 2/15/1999 Caught or Trapped Burns Texas 43 41 Male Firefighter Career 7 5/3/1999 Fell or Jumped Internal Trauma Pennsylvania 44 30 Female Firefighter Career 5.5 2/14/2000 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Texas 
B-3 

ID Age Gender Rank Status Years in Service Date of Death Cause of Death Nature of Death State Em

45 44 Male Firefighter Career 18.5 2/14/2000 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Texas 46 33 Male Firefighter/Paramedic Career 8 4/20/2000 Caught or Trapped Burns Alabama 47 27 Male Second Assistant Chief Volunteer 6 4/30/2000 Exposure Asphyxiation Delaware 48 36 Male Firefighter/Secretary Volunteer 2 9/24/2000 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation Texas 49 46 Male Assistant Chief Volunteer 6 2/26/2001 Struck By/ Contact with Object Internal Trauma Wisconsin 50 39 Male Firefighter Volunteer 1.5 3/18/2001 Caught or Trapped Burns Missouri 51 36 Male Firefighter Volunteer 2.5 3/18/2001 Caught or Trapped Burns Missouri 52 38 Male Firefighter Career 20 3/20/2001 Caught or Trapped Burns Ohio 53 37 Male Firefighter Volunteer 18 3/25/2001 Caught or Trapped Burns New Jersey 54 22 Male Firefighter Career 4 7/12/2001 Caught or Trapped Asphyxiation South Carolina 55 42 Male Firefighter Career 10 2/11/2002 Caught or Trapped Unknown Texas 56 23 Male Firefighter Career 7 3/6/2002 Caught or Trapped Burns North Carolina 57 28 Male Firefighter/Paramedic Career 2 3/7/2002 Caught or Trapped Burns New York 58 41 Male Firefighter/Paramedic Career 12 3/7/2002 Caught or Trapped Burns New York 59 30 Male Firefighter Career 13 7/4/2002 Caught or Trapped Internal Trauma New Jersey 60 31 Male Chief Volunteer 17 7/4/2002 Caught or Trapped Internal Trauma New Jersey 61 40 Male Deputy Chief Volunteer 23 7/4/2002 Caught or Trapped Internal Trauma New Jersey 62 53 Male Firefighter Career 27 9/14/2002 Caught or Trapped Unknown Iowa 63 36 Male Lieutenant Volunteer 6 11/1/2002 Struck By/ Contact with Object Internal Trauma Pennsylvania 
B-4 

Appendix B: Table B – Original Firefighter Data (cont’d) 

ID Activity Type Incident Date Time Location # Killed Flashover? # of Alarms Report Time Arriv

1 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/27/1994 Auburn Hills, Michigan 1 FALSE 1 2 Ventilation 8/3/1994 Louisville, Kentucky 1 FALSE 1 3 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 9/11/1994 4:00 Miami, Florida 1 FALSE 1 4 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 12/24/1994 Milwaukee, Wisconsin 1 FALSE 1 5 Other 1/5/1995 19:00 Seattle, Washington 4 FALSE 5 6 Other 1/5/1995 19:00 Seattle, Washington 4 FALSE 5 7 Other 1/5/1995 19:00 Seattle, Washington 4 FALSE 5 8 Other 1/5/1995 19:00 Seattle, Washington 4 FALSE 5 9 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/14/1995 0:23 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 3 FALSE 5 0:22 0

10 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/14/1995 0:23 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 3 FALSE 5 0:22 011 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/14/1995 0:23 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 3 FALSE 5 0:22 012 Other 3/8/1995 Mission, Kansas 1 FALSE 1 13 Forcible Entry 9/16/1995 22:12 Baltimore, Maryland 1 FALSE 9 14 Search and Rescue 12/31/1995 New York, New York 1 FALSE 2 15 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/5/1996 16:40 Brooklyn, New York 1 FALSE 3 15:40 16 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 3/18/1996 11:50 Chesapeake, Virginia 2 FALSE 4 11:29 117 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 3/18/1996 11:50 Chesapeake, Virginia 2 FALSE 4 11:29 118 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 4/23/1996 Omaha, Nebraska 1 FALSE 4 19 Ventilation 9/29/1996 Herrin, Illinois 1 FALSE 1 20 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 11/27/1996 16:24 Branford, Connecticut 1 FALSE 1 21 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 12/27/1996 Cumming, Georgia 1 FALSE 1 22 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 1/1/1997 1:30 Schuylerville, New York 1 TRUE 1 
B-5 

ID Activity Type Incident Date Time Location # Killed Flashover? # of Alarms Report Time Arriv

23 Search and Rescue 1/10/1997 23:16 New Orleans, Louisiana 1 FALSE 1 24 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 1/26/1997 5:30 Conover, Wisconsin 1 FALSE 1 25 Search and Rescue 2/6/1997 4:00 Stockton, California 2 FALSE 2 26 Search and Rescue 2/6/1997 4:00 Stockton, California 2 FALSE 2 27 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/17/1997 1:41 Lexington, Kentucky 1 FALSE 1 0:09 028 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 5/5/1997 Kenmore, New York 1 FALSE 1 29 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 10/24/1997 6:30 District of Columbia 1 FALSE 4 6:20 30 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 3/8/1998 2:42 Los Angeles, California 1 FALSE 1 2:20 231 Search and Rescue 6/5/1998 19:46 Brooklyn, New York 2 FALSE 5 20:22 232 Search and Rescue 6/5/1998 19:46 Brooklyn, New York 2 FALSE 5 20:22 233 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 8/29/1998 1:27 Marks, Mississippi 2 FALSE 1 0:56 134 Ventilation 8/29/1998 1:27 Marks, Mississippi 2 FALSE 1 0:56 135 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 9/5/1998 23:32 St. Johnsbury, Vermont 1 FALSE 1 23:32 236 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 12/31/1998 22:20 Homer, Georgia 1 FALSE 1 21:23 237 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 1/9/1999 2:15 Worthington, Indiana 1 FALSE 1 1:52 238 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 1/10/1999 11:15 Oakland, California 1 FALSE 6 10:42 139 Support Duties 1/19/1999 12:50 Syracuse, New York 1 FALSE 0 40 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/15/1999 10:41 Lake Worth, Texas 3 FALSE 3 41 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/15/1999 10:41 Lake Worth, Texas 3 FALSE 3 42 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/15/1999 10:41 Lake Worth, Texas 3 FALSE 3 43 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 5/3/1999 4:31 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1 FALSE 1 44 Search and Rescue 2/14/2000 5:01 Houston, Texas 2 FALSE 3 4:31 445 Search and Rescue 2/14/2000 5:01 Houston, Texas 2 FALSE 3 4:31 4
B-6 

ID Activity Type Incident Date Time Location # Killed Flashover? # of Alarms Report Time Arriv

46 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 4/20/2000 18:13 Center Point, Alabama 1 FALSE 1 16:30 147 Other 4/30/2000 9:41 Greenwood, Delaware 1 FALSE 1 48 Ventilation 9/24/2000 10:10 Livingston, Texas 1 FALSE 1 49 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/25/2001 7:30 Grantsburg, Wisconsin 1 FALSE 1 5:00 650 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 3/18/2001 12:30 Osceola Missouri 2 TRUE 1 0:25 051 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 3/18/2001 12:30 Osceola Missouri 2 TRUE 1 0:25 052 Search and Rescue 3/8/2001 12:31 Cleves, Ohio 1 FALSE 3 13:00 153 Search and Rescue 1/1/2001 2:15 West Deptford, New Jersey 1 FALSE 1 54 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 6/16/2001 17:00 Lexington, South Carolina 1 FALSE 1 55 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 2/11/2002 17:30 Dallas, Texas 1 FALSE 6 17:30 56 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 3/4/2002 12:22 Mecklenburg, North Carolina 1 FALSE 1 57 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 3/7/2002 20:00 Pompey, New York 2 FALSE 1 58 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 3/7/2002 20:00 Pompey, New York 2 FALSE 1 59 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 7/4/2002 1:30 Gloucester City, New Jersey 3 FALSE 8 1:36 60 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 7/4/2002 1:30 Gloucester City, New Jersey 3 FALSE 8 1:36 61 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 7/4/2002 1:30 Gloucester City, New Jersey 3 FALSE 8 1:36 62 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 9/14/2002 22:30 Muscatine, Iowa 1 FALSE 1 63 Advancing Hose Lines/ Fire Attack 11/1/2002 0:10 Coal Township, Pennsylvania 1 FALSE 1