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                            Funding & Awards
 Ultrafast 3D visualization and fluid dynamic mechanisms of blood atomization
Award Information
Awardee
              IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Award #
              2017-DN-BX-0171
Funding Category
              Competitive Discretionary
Location
                    AMES, IA
Congressional District
              4
Status
              Closed
Funding First Awarded
              2017
Total funding (to date)
              $591,895
Original Solicitation
              NIJ FY17 Research and Development in Forensic Science for Criminal Justice Purposes
Description of original award (Fiscal Year 2017, $591,895)
As submitted by the proposer:
The project is focused on the detailed measurements of liquid blood atomization and breakup processes to improve the predictive capabilities of violent trauma blood-letting events. Three-dimensional measurements of the liquid blood breakup mechanisms will be studied through the use of holographic imaging. These techniques will be applied at ultra-high rates to improve the current databases of blood atomization studies by 1,000-fold, and thereby fully resolve the blood atomization dynamics in time.
The breakup dynamics of liquid blood resulting from traumatic blunt impact wounds and gunshot wounds are complicated to predict and model due to the interplay between the impact mechanism, the fluid dynamic breakup, and the large distances over which typical blood stain patterns are generated. The 3D measurements of blood atomization in blunt impact and gunshot impact will span a range of relevant timescales in order to elucidate the mechanisms of blood breakup and atomization. The detailed measurements of blood drop atomization will advance the state-of-the-art by providing time-resolved three-dimensional morphology that will allow direct comparison with fluid dynamic models to be developed under this effort.
The effort will result in open-access datasets of experimental trajectory results for blood drop formation under blunt force impact and bullet impact. Those datasets will be useful for training practitioners and for testing fluid dynamic models of blood atomization. The coupled detailed three-dimensional measurements of blood atomization processes and validated fluid dynamic models will provide predictive capabilities of benefit to the broad community of forensic blood spatter pattern analysis.
Specifically, this research will allow prediction of the trajectories of backspatter accounting for the counteracting effect of muzzle gases, which have been relevant to famous BPA court cases. Also, the new ability to directly compare fluid dynamic atomization models with a public database of high resolution atomization data will allow to measure the uncertainty of current and future atomization models for BPA and pave the way for BPA evidence to meet current court-requested so-called Daubert standard of evidence.
Note: This project contains a research and/or development component, as defined in applicable law, and complies with Part 200 Uniform Requirements - 2 CFR  200.210(a)(14).
ca/ncf



  
Grant-Funded Publications
        
                      Ultrafast 3D Visualization and Fluid Dynamic Mechanisms of Blood Atomization
                  Blood backspatter interaction with propellant gases
                  Do impact spatters depend on impact velocity, impact energy or impactor shape?
                  Experimental and numerical study of blood backspatter interaction with firearm propellant gases
                  Experimental study of how far blood spatter stains on fabrics can be found from the blood source, and relevance to crime scene reconstruction
                  Influence of Muzzle Gases on Blood Droplet Backspatter
                  Fluid mechanics of blood motion resulting from common bloodletting events
                  Implications of Two Backward Blood Spatter Models Based on Fluid Dynamics for Bloodstain Pattern Analysis
                  Charts Based on Millions of Fluid Dynamics Simulations Provide a Simple Tool To Estimate How Far From Its Source a Specific Blood Stain Can Be Found
                  Digital In-Line Holography of Blood Atomization
                  Hydrodynamics of Forward Blood Spattering Caused by a Bullet of General Shape
                  Self-similar turbulent vortex rings: interaction of propellant gases with blood backspatter and the transport of gunshot residue
                  Friction Coefficient of an Intact Free Liquid Jet Moving in Air

  
Date Created: September 29, 2017
    
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