NASA/TMm2000-209891, Vol. 228

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall and Sara K. Conrad, Editors

Volume 228

BOREAS TGB-5 Dissolved Organic

Carbon Data from NSA Beaver Ponds

Rick Bourbonniere

Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute

Burlington, Ontario

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

November 2000

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20010022507 2018-05-14T19:01:59+00:00Z
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NASA/TMm2000-209891, Vol. 228

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall and Sara K. Conrad, Editors

Volume 228

BOREAS TGB-5 Dissolved Organic

Carbon Data from NSA Beaver Ponds

Rick Bourbonniere

Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute

Burlington, Ontario

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

November 2000
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information

7121 Standard Drive

Hanover, MD 21076-1320

Price Code: A17

Available from:

National Technical Information Service

5285 Port Royal Road

Springfield, VA 22161

Price Code: A10
BOREAS TGB-5 Dissolved Organic Carbon Data from NSA Beaver

Ponds

Rick Bourbonniere

Summary

The BOREAS TGB-5 team collected several data sets related to carbon and trace gas fluxes and

concentrations in the NSA. This data set contains concentrations of dissolved organic and inorganic

carbon species from water samples collected at various NSA sites. In particular, this set covers the

NSA Tower Beaver Pond Site and the NSA Gillam Road Beaver Pond Site, including data from all

visits to open water sampling locations during the BOREAS field campaigns from April to September

1994. The data are provided in tabular ASCII files.

Table of Contents

1) Data Set Overview

2) Investigator(s)

3) Theory of Measurements

4) Equipment

5) Data Acquisition Methods

6) Observations

7) Data Description

8) Data Organization

9) Data Manipulations

10) Errors

11) Notes

12) Application of the Data Set

13) Future Modifications and Plans

14) Software

15) Data Access

16) Output Products and Availability

17) References

18) Glossary of Terms

19) List of Acronyms

20) Document Information

1. Data Set Overview

1.1 Data Set Identification

BOREAS TGB-05 Dissolved Organic Carbon Data from NSA Beaver Ponds

1.2 Data Set Introduction

Organic matter is a major component of the boreal forest ecosystem, and can be considered as the

defining parameter for biogeochemical processes occurring in the soil, wetlands, ponds, and lakes in

the boreal forest. Beaver ponds are common in the boreal forest, and dissolved organic matter (DOM)

is the dominant aquatic component.

Page 1
1.3 Objective/Purpose

TheTraceGasBiogeochemistry(TGB)05teamstudiedthecharacterof DOM from anactive

beaverpondnearThompson,Manitoba,Canada,in conjunctionwith theBOReal

Ecosystem-AtmosphereStudy(BOREAS)project.This studyspanstheentirehydrologiccyclein

1994from snowmeltandicebreakupthroughthespringflood, summergrowingseasonandautumn

draw down.

1.4 Summary of Parameters

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), particulate organic carbon

(POC), and DOM fractions (see Section 18).

1.5 Discussion

Water samples were collected throughout the BOREAS sampling periods described above for all

open water sites (including some earlier samples that were under ice) and from inflow, groundwater,

and drainage sites. These samples were analyzed in a timely manner at a field lab in Thompson for

various aquatic carbon species, as described in Sections 1.4 and 7.

1.6 Related Data Sets

BOREAS TGB-01 Soil CH4 and CO2 Profile Data over the NSA

BOREAS

BOREAS

BOREAS

BOREAS

BOREAS

BOREAS

BOREAS

BOREAS

BOREAS

TGB-01 CO2 and CH4 Chamber Flux Data over the NSA

TGB-01 CH4 Tower Flux Data over the NSA

TGB-01/TGB-03 NEE and Air and Water Temperature Data over the NSA Fen

TGB-03 CO2 and CH4 Chamber Flux Data over the NSA

TGB-05 CO, CO2, and CH4 Chamber Flux Data over the NSA

TGB-12 CO2 Flux Data over the NSA

TGB-12 CO2 Soil Profile Data over the NSA

TGB-12 Soil Carbon Isotope Data over the NSA

TGB-12 Soil Carbon Map in Raster Format

2. Investigator(s)

2.1 Investigator(s) Name and Title

Dr. Richard A. Bourbonniere, TGB-05

2.2 Title of Investigation

Biogeochemistry of Dissolved Organic Matter - Disturbances

2.3 Contact Information

Contact 1:

Dr. Rick Bourbonniere

Environment Canada

National Water Research Institute

867 Lakeshore Road / P.O. Box 5050

Burlington, ON

CANADA L7R 4A6

(905) 336-4547

(905) 336-4972 (fax)

RICK.BOURBON@CCIW.CA

Page 2
Contact 2:

Jeffrey A. Newcomer

Raytheon ITSS

Code 923

NASA GSFC

Greenbelt, MD 20771

(301) 286-7858

(301) 286-0239 (fax)

Jeffrey.Newcomer@ gsfc.nasa.gov

3. Theory of Measurements

Chemical measurements were made on water samples. Dissolved carbon analyses were made using a

Dohn_ann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer. This instrument uses the High Temperature Catalytic Oxidation

(HTCO) method to determine total carbon (TC) and organic carbon (DOC) species, and acidification

and sparging for inorganic carbon (DIC) species. An alternate method of measuring DIC, the

difference method (see below), was used for all 1994 samples. The quartz oxidation tube was filled

with a catalyst made of platinum on alumina beads and placed in a furnace set at 900 degrees C; the

carrier gas was Ultra High Purity Zero Air from Canox at 200 mL/min. The detector on this instrument

is a Milton Roy Model 3300 nondispersive infrared (NDIR) gas analyzer (Mfg: Fuji Electric), which is

a single-beam detector with a wide dynamic range. The instrument was used mostly in the automatic

sampling mode (ASM), but occasionally manual injection was used. TC analyses were done on whole

filtered samples, DOC was determined after acidification (pH <4 using 20% phosphoric acid) and

sparging (5 minutes with carrier) to remove DIC, and DIC was determined by the difference: TC -

DOC = DIC.

POC was determined by HTCO on filters using a CHN Analyzer after acidification to remove solid

carbonates (done by Environment Canada's National Laboratory for Environmental Testing,

Burlington, ON).

4. Equipment

4.1 Sensor/Instrument Description

4.1.1 Collection Environment

Samples were collected under all environmental conditions.

4.1.2 Source/Platform

Ground.

4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives

None given.

4.1.4 Key Variables

Fulvic Acid (FA), Humic Acid (HA), Hydrophobic Acid (HPOA), Hydrophobic Neutral (HPON),

Hydrophilic Acid (HPIA), Hydrophilic Neutral (HPIN), and X4AC are fractions of DOM (see Section

18).

4.1.5 Principles of Operation

Dissolved carbon analyses were made using a Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer. This

instrument uses the High Temperature Catalytic Oxidation (HTCO) method to determine total (TC) and

organic carbon (DOC) species, and acidification and sparging for inorganic carbon (DIC) species. An

Page 3
alternatemeasurementof DIC, thedifferencemethod(seebelow)wasusedfor all 1994samples.The

quartzoxidationtubewasfilled with acatalystmadeofPlatinumonAluminabeads,placedin a

furnacesetat900degreesC, andthecarriergaswasUltraHigh PurityZeroAir from Canoxat200

mL/min.

4.1.6 Sensor/Instrument Measurement Geometry

Not applicable.

4.1.7 Manufacturer of Sensor/Instrument

Dohrmalm DC- 190 Carbon Analyzer

Tekmar-Dohrmann

P.O. Box 429576

Cincinnati, OH 45249

(800)-543-4461 (Sales)

(800)-874-2004 (Service)

(513)-247-7000 (Outside the USA/Canada)

(513)-247-7050 (Fax)

4.2 Calibration

4.2.1 Specifications

The DC-190 uses a single-point calibration method. This is possible because of the wide dynamic

range of the detector and the stable, closely spaced calibration curves stored in the instrument by the

factory. Calibrations for TC and DOC were done using fresh dilutions of Potassium Biphthalate

(KHP), primary standard grade, diluted with E-PUre water (Barnstead). System blanks were calculated

by regressing results from low ppm range standards; the intercept of a "true value" vs. "measured

value" was called the system blank and was subtracted from each analysis. The calibration factor was

updated for each set of 32 samples, and system blank samples were included within each set.

Under the conditions described above, system blanks were typically between 1-2 mgC/L. Note that

much of this is probably attributable to residual carbon in the E-Pure water, as carbon-free water was

unattainable. Under these conditions, the system blank correction is probably higher than the actual

system blank. Under the high TC and DOC conditions found for the waters in the Northern Study

Area (NSA), the system blank accounts for 4-8% of the measured values, and the overcorrection could

be as high as 3-6%. Without "carbon-free water," this could not be improved.

4.2.1.1 Tolerance

None given.

4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration

None given.

4.2.3 Other Calibration Information

None given.

5. Data Acquisition Methods

The DC-190 uses internal algorithms to calculate carbon concentrations that are reported directly in

printed form for each analysis. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate for TC and in quadruplicate for

DOC.

Page 4
6. Observations

6.1 Data Notes

Raw data are held by the Principal Investigator (PI).

6.2 Field Notes

Extensive field notes were routinely made during sampling and recorded on microcassettes.

Transcription can be made available by the PI.

7. Data Description

7.1 Spatial Characteristics

7.1.1 Spatial Coverage

All of the data in this set are results of analyses of water samples taken from the NSA Tower

Beaver Pond Site (TP), including its groundwater inputs, open water sites on the pond, and its inflow

and outflow creeks.

All site designations are TP for this data set. Subdesignations refer to the specific location within

the TP watershed where the water sample was taken:

Sub-Site Description

PI-PI0

PL, B3

OD, UD

NOD

WD

D, D2

Ii, 12, 13

SM

FP, C H

sz (s) sz (M),

SZ (D)

NZ (S) NZ (M) ,

NZ (D)

NZDPI NZDP2

HOLE

Sample Depth

Ten refers to i0 open water sites on the Beaver Pond. Site P1 is

the "main" site and is at the deepest part of the pond.

Sites along the boardwalk to the tower platform.

Sampled from over and under the main (east) dam.

Sampled from over the dam on the older pond to the north of TP.

Sampled from the footbridge at the west dam outlet.

Sampled from the Highway 391 (i00 m from road) end of the

drainage creeks that flowfrom the west and east dams,

respectively.

Inflow creeks on the south end of the pond, sampled at their

mouths. I3 is the maininflow of surface water to the pond.

Snowmelt collected during the thaw period.

Samples from intermittent surface inflows along the southwest,

south, and southeastperimeter of TP. These flowed only

occasionally after rain events during the thawperiod.

Shallow, Middle, and Deep piezometers (wells) from a nest

adjacent to TP at the westend of the main (east) dam.

Shallow, Middle, and Deep piezometers (wells) from a nest

adjacent to the older pondto the north of TP and also near the

west end of the old dam.

The first and second pools of groundwater collected from the

NZ(D) piezometer overa number of days during Focused field

Campaign-Thaw (FFC-T) and Intensive Field Campaign(IFC)-l.

Water sampled through a hole in the ice adjacent to the

boardwalk, equivalent to"B3" under ice conditions.

All surface samples were taken at approximately i0 cm depth.

Other depths refer tomeasured depths from the pond surface and

piezometer depths are the deepest partof the interval sampled.

The shallowest depth for any well is the deepest intervalfor the

well above, and zero for the "shallow" wells.

Page 5
7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map

None given.

7.1.3 Spatial Resolution

The total area of the NSA Tower Beaver Pond is 5 ha, and its northern end is approximately 500 m

south of Highway 391. All groundwater, inflow, and open water sites are within the 5-ha pond area,

and outflow sites are either at the pond edge or adjacent to Highway 391. More details regarding the

tower pond are found in Dove (1995). The North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) coordinates of

the Gillam Road Beaver Pond are 55.8958 ° N, 98.7583 ° W.

7.1.4 Projection

Not applicable.

7.1.5 Grid Description

Not applicable.

7.2 Temporal Characteristics

7.2.1 Temporal Coverage

All samples were collected between 22-Apr and 19-Sep-1994 (FFC-T, IFC-1, IFC-2, and IFC-3)

and are of variable frequency by site (some daily for a short period, many weekly during IFCs, and

some occasionally, e.g., once during an IFC, or once during the wet period).

7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map

None given.

7.2.3 Temporal Resolution

Samples are of variable frequency by site (some daily for a short period, many weekly during

IFCs, and some occasionally, e.g., once during an IFC, or once during the wet period).

7.3 Data Characteristics

7.3.1 Parameter/Variable

The parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

WATER DEPTH

TOTAL DISS C CONC

DISS ORG C CONC

DISS INORG C CONC

FULVIC ACID CONC

HUMIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHOBIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHOBIC NEUTRAL CONC

HYDROPHILIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHILIC NEUTRAL CONC

XAD4 ACID CONC

PART ORG C CONC

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

Page 6
7.3.2 Variable Description/Definition

For descriptions of the chemical nature of the fractions, consult Aiken et al. (1992), Bourbonniere

(1989), Bourbonniere and van Halderen (1989), Bourbonniere et al. (1995), Leenheer (1981), and

Malcolm and MacCarthy (1992).The PI can provide a "cookbook" description of the fractionation

scheme for HA, FA, HPOA, HPON, HPIA, HPIN, and X4AC.The descriptions of the parameters

contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name Description

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

WATER DEPTH

TOTAL DISS C CONC

DISS ORG C CONC

DISS INORG C CONC

FULVIC ACID CONC

HUMIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHOBIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHOBIC NEUTRAL CONC

HYDROPHILIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHILIC NEUTRAL CONC

XAD4 ACID CONC

PART ORG C CONC

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

The identifier assigned to the site by BOREAS,

in the format SSS-TTT-CCCCC, where SSS identifies

the portion of the study area: NSA, SSA, REG,

TRN, and TTT identifies the cover type for the

site, 999 if unknown, and CCCCC is the identifier

for site, exactly what it means will vary with

site type.

The identifier assigned to the sub-site by

BOREAS, in the format GGGGG-IIIII, where GGGGG is

the group associated with the sub-site

instrument, e.g. HYD06 or STAFF, and IIIII is the

identifier for sub-site, often this will refer to

an instrument.

The date on which the data were collected.

The depth of the water at which the measurement

was taken.

The total dissolved (organic and inorganic)

carbon concentration.

Dissolved organic carbon concentration.

Dissolved inorganic carbon concentration.

Fulvic acid concentration.

Humic acid concentration.

Hydrophobic acid concentration (fraction of

fulvic acid) .

Hydrophobic neutral concentration (fraction of

fulvic acid) .

Hydrophilic acid concentration (fraction of

fulvic acid) .

Hydrophilic neutral concentration (fraction of

fulvic acid) .

XAD-4 resin retained acid concentration fraction

of fulvic acid) .

Particulate organic carbon concentration

The BOREAS certification level of the data.

Examples are CPI (Checked by PI), CGR (Certified

by Group), PRE (Preliminary), and CPI-??? (CPI

but questionable).

The most recent date when the information in the

referenced data base table record was revised.

Page 7
7.3.3 Unit of Measurement

The measurement units for the parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name Units

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

WATER DEPTH

TOTAL DISS C CONC

DISS ORG C CONC

DISS INORG C CONC

FULVIC ACID CONC

HUMIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHOBIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHOBIC NEUTRAL CONC

HYDROPHILIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHILIC NEUTRAL CONC

XAD4 ACID CONC

PART ORG C CONC

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

[none

[none

[DD-MON-YY ]

[meters ]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[milligrams C] [liter^-l]

[none ]

[DD-MON-YY ]

7.3.4 Data Source

The sources of the parameter values contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name Data Source

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

WATER DEPTH

TOTAL DISS C CONC

DISS ORG C CONC

DISS INORG C CONC

FULVIC ACID CONC

HUMIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHOBIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHOBIC NEUTRAL CONC

HYDROPHILIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHILIC NEUTRAL CONC

XAD4 ACID CONC

PART ORG C CONC

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

Assigned by BORIS

Assigned by BORIS

Investigator

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Dohrmann DC-190 Carbon Analyzer

Assigned by BORIS

Assigned by BORIS

Page 8
7.3.5 Data Range

Thefollowingtablegivesinformationabouttheparametervaluesfoundin thedatafiles onthe

CD-ROM.

Minimum Maximum Missng Unrel Below Data

Data Data Data Data Detect Not

Column Name Value Value Value Value Limit Cllctd

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

WATER DEPTH

TOTAL DISS C CONC

DISS ORG C CONC

DISS INORG C CONC

FULVIC ACID CONC

HUMIC ACID CONC

HYDROPHOBIC ACID

CONC

HYDROPHOBIC NEUTRAL

CONC

HYDROPHILIC ACID

CONC

HYDROPHILIC NEUTRAL

CONC

XAD4 ACID CONC

PART ORG C CONC

PART ORG C CONC

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

NSA-BVP-FLXTR

TGB05-DOC01

22-APR-94

0

5.65

.32

0

4 13

0

7 64

NSA-BVP-FLXTR None None None None

TGB05-DOC34 None None None None

19-SEP-94 None None None None

2.4 None None None None

100.38 -999 None None None

72.6 -999 None None None

69.2 -999 None None None

43.2 -999 None None None

25.48 -999 None None None

20.4 -999 None None None

0 9 -999 None None None

2 53 7.54 -999 None None None

0 5 -999 None None None

0 5.1 -999 None None None

.ii 12.4 -999 None None None

-999.9 12.4 -999 None None None

CPI CPI None None None None

09-DEC-96 09-DEC-96 None None None None

Minimum Data Value -- The minimum value found in the column.

Maximum Data Value -- The maximum value found in the column.

Missng Data Value -- The value that indicates missing data. This is used to

indicate that an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the attempt was unsuccessful.

Unrel Data Value -- The value that indicates unreliable data. This is used

to indicate an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the value was deemed to be

unreliable by the analysis personnel.

Below Detect Limit -- The value that indicates parameter values below the

instruments detection limits. This is used to

indicate that an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the analysis personnel determined

that the parameter value was below the detection

limit of the instrumentation.

Data Not Cllctd -- This value indicates that no attempt was made to

determine the parameter value. This usually

indicates that BORIS combined several similar but

not identical data sets into the same data base table

but this particular science team did not

measure that parameter.

Blank -- Indicates that blank spaces are used to denote that type of value.

N/A -- Indicates that the value is not applicable to the respective column.

None -- Indicates that no values of that sort were found in the column.

Page 9
7.4 Sample Data Record

The following are wrapped versions of data records from a sample data file on the CD-ROM.

SITE NAME,SUB SITE,DATE OBS,WATER DEPTH, TOTAL DlSS C CONC,DlSS ORG C CONC

DISS INORG C CONC,FULVIC ACID CONC,HUMIC ACID CONC,HYDROPHOBIC ACID CONC,

HYDROPHOBIC NEUTRAL CONC,HYDROPHILIC ACID CONC,HYDROPHILIC NEUTRAL CONC,

XAD4 ACID CONC,PART ORG C CONC,CRTFCN CODE,REVISION DATE

'NSA-BVP-FLXTR', 'TGB05-DOC03',22-APR-94, .i,-999.0,14.1,-999.0,-999.0,-999

.0,-999.0,-999.0,-999.0,-999.0,-999.0, 'CPI',09-DEC-96

'NSA-BVP-FLXTR', 'TGB05-DOC03',24-APR-94, .i,-999.0,20.9,-999.0,-999.0,-999

.0,-999.0,-999.0,-999.0,-999.0,-999.0, 'CPI',09-DEC-96

'NSA-BVP-FLXTR', 'TGB05-DOC03',28-APR-94, .i,-999.0,20.2,-999.0,-999.0,-999

.0,-999.0,-999.0,-999.0,-999.0, .27, 'CPI',09-DEC-96

0, -999

0, -999

0, -999

8. Data Organization

8.1 Data Granularity

The smallest unit of data tracked by the BOREAS Information System (BORIS) was the

measurement from a given site on a given day.

8.2 Data Format(s)

The Compact Disk-Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) files contain American Standard Code for

Information Interchange (ASCII) numerical and character fields of varying length separated by

commas. The character fields are enclosed with single apostrophe marks. There are no spaces between

the fields.

Each data file on the CD-ROM has four header lines of Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML)

code at the top. When viewed with a Web browser, this code displays header information (data set

title, location, date, acknowledgments, etc.) and a series of HTML links to associated data files and

related data sets. Line 5 of each data file is a list of the column names, and line 6 and following lines

contain the actual data.

9. Data Manipulations

9.1 Formulae

Some formulae were used in DOM fraction calculations prior to input into the data set - see Section

17, References.

9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms

None given.

9.2 Data Processing Sequence

9.2.1 Processing Steps

None given.

9.2.2 Processing Changes

None given.

9.3 Calculations

Page 10
9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments

All FA data are corrected for the average "filter blank" for the entire season. Difference calculations

for DIC, HA, HPON, and X4AC occasionally resulted in small negative values, which were edited to

zero.

9.3.2 Calculated Variables

None given.

9.4 Graphs and Plots

None given.

10. Errors

10.1 Sources of Error

The system blank for the Dohrmann DC-190 is the main source of error, but since carbon values

are generally greater than 10 mgC/L, the correction is rarely more than 10% of the value and usually

less than 5%.

10.2 Quality Assessment

10.2.1 Data Validation by Source

All carbon determinations reported are averages of 3 (TC) or 4 (DOC) replicate analyses on the

Dohrmann DC- 190.

10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment

None given.

10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters

The precision for TC was typically +/- 0.8 mgC/L at the 50 mgC/L level; for DOC, a precision of

+/- 0.5 mgC/L was typical at the 25 mgC/L level.

10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments

A few obvious outlier values were deleted from the data set. These samples had very high DOC or

TC values that resulted from contamination during sampling.

10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center

Data were examined for general consistency and clarity.

11. Notes

11.1 Limitations of the Data

Not all parameters were determined for all samples, and not all sites were covered for all dates. See

above descriptions.

11.2 Known Problems with the Data

System blanks were typically between 1-2 mgC/L. Note that much of this is probably attributable

to residual carbon in the E-Pure water, as carbon-free water was unattainable. Under these conditions,

the system blank correction is probably higher than the actual system blank. Under the high TC and

DOC conditions found for the waters in the NSA, the system blank accounts for 4-8% of the measured

values, and the overcorrection could be as high as 3-6%. Without carbon-free water, this could not be

improved.

Page 11
11.3 Usage Guidance

Note that the definition of HA used here is more like the traditional soil science definition and

differs from that used by many aquatic scientists (see references). Note that DIC by difference is

subject to more error than DIC measured directly.

11.4 Other Relevant Information

None given.

12. Application of the Data Set

This data set was created for BOREAS investigators who need soils data in the vicinity of the NSA for

further modeling and to generate maps of carbon stocks and fluxes.

None planned.

13. Future Modifications and Plans

14.1 Software Description

None.

14.2 Software Access

None given.

14. Software

15. Data Access

The dissolved organic carbon data from NSA beaver ponds are available from the Earth Observing

System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed

Active Archive Center (DAAC).

15.1 Contact Information

For BOREAS data and documentation please contact:

ORNL DAAC User Services

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

P.O. Box 2008 MS-6407

Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407

Phone: (423) 241-3952

Fax: (423) 574-4665

E-mail: ornldaac@ornl.gov or ornl@eos.nasa.gov

15.2 Data Center Identification

Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory

(ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) for Biogeochemical Dynamics

http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/.

Page 12
15.3 Procedures for Obtaining Data

Users may obtain data directly through the ORNL DAAC online search and order system

[http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/] and the anonymous FTP site [ftp://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/data/] or by

contacting User Services by electronic mail, telephone, fax, letter, or personal visit using the contact

information in Section 15.1.

15.4 Data Center Status/Plans

The ORNL DAAC is the primary source for BOREAS field measurement, image, GIS, and

hardcopy data products. The BOREAS CD-ROM and data referenced or listed in inventories on the

CD-ROM are available from the ORNL DAAC.

16. Output Products and Availability

16.1 Tape Products

Not applicable.

16.2 Film Products

Not applicable.

16.3 Other Products

These data are available on the BOREAS CD-ROM series.

17. References

17.1 Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation

None.

17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports

Aiken, G.R., D.M. McKnight, K.A. Thorn, and E.M. Thurman. 1992. Isolation of hydrophilic

organic acids from water using nonionic macroporous resins. Org. Geochem., 18(4):567-753.

Bourbonniere, R.A. 1989. Distribution patterns of dissolved organic matter fractions in natural waters

from eastern Canada. Org. Geochem, 14:97-107.

Bourbonniere, R.A. and T. van Halderen. 1989. Fractional precipitation of humic acid in coloured

natural waters. Water, Air & Soil Pollution, 46:187-198.

Bourbonniere, R.A., L.A. Ziolkowski, S.L. Telford, M.A. Moran, K.L. Bushaw, W.L. Miller,

M.A. Tarr, and R.G. Zepp. 1995. Character and biogeochemistry of dissolved organic matter in a

boreal forest beaver pond near Thompson, Manitoba, Canada. In: Organic Geochemistry:

Developments and Applications to Energy, Climate, Environment and Human History, J.O. Grimalt

and C. Dorronsoro - eds. Published by A.I.O.G.A., Donostia-San Sebastian, SPAIN, 1144-1146.

Dove, A.E. 1995. Methane dynamics of a northern boreal beaver pond. MSc Thesis, McGill

University, Geography, Montreal, QC, 136 pp.

Leenheer, J.A. 1981. Comprehensive approach to preparative isolation and fractionation of dissolved

organic carbon from natural waters and wastewaters. Environ. Sci. Technol., 15:578-587.

Malcolm, R.L. and P. MacCarthy. 1992. Quantitative evaluation of XAD-8 and XAD-4 resins used in

tandem for removing organic solutes from water. Environ. Internat., 18:597-607.

Page 13
Newcomer,J.,D. Landis,S.Conrad,S.Curd,K. Huemmrich,D. Knapp,A. Morrell, J.Nickeson,

A. I,apagno,D. Rinker,R.Strub,T. Twine,F. Hall, andI,. Sellers,eds.2000.CollectedDataof The

BorealEcosystem-AtmosphereStudy.NASA. CD-ROM.

Sellers,I,. andF.Hall. 1994.BorealEcosystem-AtmosphereStudy:ExperimentPlan. Version

1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXI,LAN 94).

Sellers, I,. and F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXI,LAN 96).

Sellers, I,., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1994

Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OI,S DOC 94).

Sellers, I,., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1997. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1996

Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OI,S DOC 96).

Sellers, I,., F. Hall, H. Margolis, B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi, G. den Hartog, J. Cihlar, M.G. Ryan, B.

Goodison, I,. Crill, K.J. Ranson, D. Lettenmaier, and D.E. Wickland. 1995. The boreal

ecosystem-atmosphere study (BOREAS): an overview and early results from the 1994 field year.

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 76(9): 1549-1577.

Sellers, I,.J., F.G. Hall, R.D. Kelly, A. Black, D. Baldocchi, J. Berry, M. Ryan, K.J. Ranson, P.M.

Crill, D.I,. Lettenmaier, H. Margolis, J. Cihlar, J. Newcomer, D. Fitzjarrald, I,.G. Jarvis, S.T.

Gower, D. Halliwell, D. Williams, B. Goodison, D.E. Wickland, and F.E. Guertin. 1997. BOREAS

in 1997: Experiment Overview, Scientific Results and Future Directions. Journal of Geophysical

Research 102(D24): 28,731-28,770.

17.3 Arehive/DBMS Usage Documentation

None.

18. Glossary of Terms

The fractionation procedure for DOM results in these fraction definitions:

• Humic Acid (HA) - Precipitates within 24 hrs. at pH=2 from filtered whole water.

• Fulvic Acid (FA) - Components that are soluble at pH=2.

FA Subfractions:

• Hydrophobic Acid (HPOA) - Adsorbs to XAD-8 at pH=2 and is eluted with 0.1 M NaOH.

• Hydrophobic Neutral (HI,ON) - Adsorbs to XAD-8 at pH=2, does not elute with 0.1 M

NaOH, extracted off resin with methanol and acetonitrile.

• Hydrophilic Acid (HI,IA) - Adsorbs to XAD-4 resin at pH=2, elutes with 0.1 M NaOH.

• Hydrophilic Neutral (HI'IN) - Passes through both resins.

• XAD-4 Acids (X4AC) - Adsorbs to XAD-4 at pH=2, does not elute with 0.1 M NaOH,

extracted off resin with methanol and acetonitrile.

Page 14
ASCII

ASM

BOREAS

BORIS

CD-ROM

CHN

DAAC

DIC

DOC

DOM

DOY

EOS

EOSDIS

FA

FFC-T

GIS

GP

GSFC

HA

HPIA

HPIN

HPOA

HPON

HTCO

HTML

IFC

NASA

NDIR

NSA

ORNL

PANP

PI

POC

SSA

TC

TGB

TP

URL

X4AC

19. List of Acronyms

- American Standard Code for Information Interchange

- Automatic Sampling Mode (for Carbon AnalTzer)

- BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study

- BOREAS Information System

- Compact Disk-Read-Only Memory

- Carbon-Hydrogen-Nitrogen

- Distributed Active Archive Center

- Dissolved Inorganic Carbon

- Dissolved Organic Carbon

- Dissolved Organic Matter

- Day of Year (Julian Day)

- Earth Observing System

- EOS Data and Information System

- Fulvic Acid (DOM that is soluble at pH=2

- Focused Field Campaign-Thaw

- Geographic Information System

- Gillam Road Beaver Pond (NSA)

- Goddard Space Flight Center

- Humic Acid (DOM that is insoluble at pH=2)

- Hydrophilic Acid (fraction of FA)

- Hydrophilic Neutral (fraction of FA)

- Hydrophobic Acid (fraction of FA)

- Hydrophobic Neutral (fraction of FA)

- High Temperature Catalytic Oxidation

- HyperText Markup Language

- Intensive Field Campaign

- National Aeronautics and Space Administration

- Nondispersive Infrared

- Northern Study Area

- Oak Ridge National Laboratory

- Prince Albert National Park

- Private Investigator

- Particulate Organic Carbon

- Southern Study Area

- Total Carbon

- Trace Gas Biogeochemistry

- Tower Beaver Pond at the NSA (and sampling sites in its watershed)

- Uniform Resource Locator

- XAD-4 Acid (fraction of FA)

Page 15
20 Document Information

20.1 Document Revision Date

Written: 13-Feb- 1998

Last Updated: 27-May- 1999

20.2 Document Review Date(s)

BORIS Review: 13-Feb-1998

Science Review:

20.3 Document ID

20.4 Citation

When using these data, please contact one of the people listed in Section 2.3 as well as citing

relevant papers in Section 17.2.

If using data from the BOREAS CD-ROM series, also reference the data as:

Bourbonniere, R.A., "Biogeochemistry of Dissolved Organic Matter - Disturbances." In Collected

Data of The Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. Eds. J. Newcomer, D. Landis, S. Conrad, S.

Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J. Nickeson, A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T.

Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers. CD-ROM. NASA, 2000.

Also, cite the BOREAS CD-ROM set as:

Newcomer, J., D. Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J.

Nickeson, A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers, eds. Collected Data of

The Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. NASA. CD-ROM. NASA, 2000.

20.5 Document Curator

20.6 Document URL

Page 16
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE FormApproved

OMB No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden for this collection of informationis estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources,

gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this

collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson

Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503.

1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED

November 2000 Technical Memorandum

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Technical Report Series on the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

BOREAS TGB-5 Dissolved Organic Carbon Data from NSA Beaver Ponds

6. AUTHOR(S)

Rick Bourbonniere

Forrest G. Hall and Sara K. Conrad, Editors

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Washington, DC 20546-0001

5. FUNDING NUMBERS

923

RTOP: 923-462-33-01

8. PEFORMING ORGANIZATION

REPORT NUMBER

2000-03136-0

10. SPONSORING / MONITORING

AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

TM--2000-209891

Vol. 228

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

R. Bourbonniere: Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, Ontario;

S.K. Conrad: Raytheon ITSS

12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Unclassifie_Unlimited

Subject Category: 43

Report available from the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information,

7121 Standard Drive, Hanover, MD 21076-1320. (301) 621-0390.

12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

The BOREAS TGB-5 team collected several data sets related to carbon and trace gas fluxes and

concentrations in the NSA. This data set contains concentrations of dissolved organic and inorganic

carbon species from water samples collected at various NSA sites. In particular, this set covers the

NSA Tower Beaver Pond Site and the NSA Gillam Road Beaver Pond Site, including data from all

visits to open water sampling locations during the BOREAS field campaigns from April to September

1994. The data are provided in tabular ASCII files.

14. SUBJECT TERMS

BOREAS, trace gas biogeochemistry.

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF REPORT

Unclassified

NSN 7540-01-280-5500

18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF THIS PAGE

Unclassified

19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF ABSTRACT

Unclassified

15. NUMBER OF PAGES

16

16. PRICE CODE

20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT

UL

Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)

Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18

298-102