Common Stock Purchase Agreement



 Exhibit 10.38 
 EXECUTION COPY 
 COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT 
 by and between 
 KINGSBRIDGE CAPITAL
LIMITED 
 and 
 KOSAN BIOSCIENCES INCORPORATED 
 dated as of July 19, 2006 







 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
  


					
	 	  	Page
	ARTICLE I        DEFINITIONS	  	2
			
	            Section 1.01.	  	 “Blackout Amount”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.02.	  	 “Blackout Shares”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.03.	  	 “Bylaws”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.04.	  	 “Certificate”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.05.	  	 “Closing Date”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.06.	  	 “Commission”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.07.	  	 “Commission Documents”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.08.	  	 “Commitment Period”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.09.	  	 “Common Stock”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.10.	  	 “Condition Satisfaction Date”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.13.	  	 “Damages”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.14.	  	 “Draw Down”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.15.	  	 “Draw Down Amount”
	  	2
			
	            Section 1.16.	  	 “Draw Down Discount Price”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.17.	  	 “Draw Down Notice”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.18.	  	 “Draw Down Pricing Period”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.19.	  	 “DTC”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.20.	  	 “Effective Date”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.21.	  	 “Exchange Act”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.22.	  	 “Excluded Merger or Sale”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.23.	  	 “Knowledge”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.24.	  	 “LIBOR”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.25.	  	 “Make Whole Amount”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.26.	  	 “Market Capitalization”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.27.	  	 “Material Adverse Effect”
	  	3
			
	            Section 1.28.	  	 “Maximum Commitment Amount”
	  	4
			
	            Section 1.29.	  	 “Maximum Draw Down Amount”
	  	4
			
	            Section 1.30.	  	 “NASD”
	  	4
			
	            Section 1.31.	  	 “Permitted Transaction”
	  	4
			
	            Section 1.32.	  	 “Person”
	  	4
			
	            Section 1.33.	  	 “Principal Market”
	  	4

  

 -i- 








 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 (continued) 
  

					
	 	  	 	  	Page
	            Section 1.34.	  	 “Prohibited Transaction”
	  	4
			
	            Section 1.35.	  	 “Prospectus”
	  	4
			
	            Section 1.36.	  	 “Registrable Securities”
	  	4
			
	            Section 1.37.	  	 “Registration Rights Agreement”
	  	5
			
	            Section 1.38.	  	 “Registration Statement”
	  	5
			
	            Section 1.39.	  	 “RegulationD”
	  	5
			
	            Section 1.40.	  	 “Section4(2)”
	  	5
			
	            Section 1.41.	  	 “Securities Act”
	  	5
			
	            Section 1.42.	  	 “Settlement Date”
	  	5
			
	            Section 1.43.	  	 “Shares”
	  	5
			
	            Section 1.44.	  	 “Trading Day”
	  	5
			
	            Section 1.45.	  	 “VWAP”
	  	5
			
	            Section 1.46.	  	 “Warrant”
	  	5
			
	            Section 1.47.	  	 “Warrant Shares”
	  	5
		
	ARTICLE II        PURCHASE AND SALE OF COMMON STOCK	  	5
			
	            Section 2.01.	  	 Purchase and Sale of Stock
	  	5
			
	            Section 2.02.	  	 Closing
	  	5
			
	            Section 2.03.	  	 Registration Statement and Prospectus
	  	6
			
	            Section 2.04.	  	 Warrant
	  	6
			
	            Section 2.05.	  	 Blackout Shares
	  	6
		
	 ARTICLE III        DRAW DOWN TERMS
	  	6
			
	            Section 3.01.	  	 Draw Down Notice
	  	6
			
	            Section 3.02.	  	 Number of Shares
	  	6
			
	            Section 3.03.	  	 Limitation on Draw Downs
	  	6
			
	            Section 3.04.	  	 Trading Cushion
	  	6
			
	            Section 3.05.	  	 Settlement
	  	6
			
	            Section 3.06.	  	 Delivery of Shares; Payment of Draw Down Amount
	  	7
			
	            Section 3.07.	  	 Failure to Deliver Shares
	  	7
		
	 ARTICLE IV        REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
	  	8
			
	            Section 4.01.	  	 Organization, Good Standing and Power
	  	8
			
	            Section 4.02.	  	 Authorization; Enforcement
	  	8
			
	            Section 4.03.	  	 Capitalization
	  	8

  

 -ii- 








 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 (continued) 
  

					
	 	  	 	  	Page
	            Section 4.04.	  	 Issuance of Shares
	  	9
			
	            Section 4.05.	  	 No Conflicts
	  	9
			
	            Section 4.06.	  	 Commission Documents, Financial Statements
	  	10
			
	            Section 4.07.	  	 No Material Adverse Change
	  	10
			
	            Section 4.08.	  	 No Undisclosed Liabilities
	  	10
			
	            Section 4.09.	  	 No Undisclosed Events or Circumstances
	  	10
			
	            Section 4.10.	  	 Actions Pending
	  	11
			
	            Section 4.11.	  	 Compliance with Law
	  	11
			
	            Section 4.12.	  	 Certain Fees
	  	11
			
	            Section 4.13.	  	 Disclosure
	  	11
			
	            Section 4.14.	  	 Material Non-Public Information
	  	11
			
	            Section 4.15.	  	 Exemption from Registration; Valid Issuances
	  	11
			
	            Section 4.16.	  	 No General Solicitation or Advertising in Regard to this Transaction
	  	12
			
	            Section 4.17.	  	 No Integrated Offering
	  	12
			
	            Section 4.18.	  	 Acknowledgment Regarding Investor’s Purchase of Shares
	  	12
		
	ARTICLE V        REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE INVESTOR	  	12
			
	            Section 5.01.	  	 Organization and Standing of the Investor
	  	12
			
	            Section 5.02.	  	 Authorization and Power
	  	12
			
	            Section 5.03.	  	 No Conflicts
	  	13
			
	            Section 5.04.	  	 Financial Capability
	  	13
			
	            Section 5.05.	  	 Information
	  	13
			
	            Section 5.06.	  	 Selling Restrictions
	  	13
			
	            Section 5.07.	  	 Statutory Underwriter Status
	  	14
			
	            Section 5.08.	  	 Not an Affiliate
	  	14
			
	            Section 5.09.	  	 Manner of Sale
	  	14
			
	            Section 5.10.	  	 Prospectus Delivery
	  	14
		
	ARTICLE VI      COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY	  	14
			
	            Section 6.01.	  	 Securities
	  	14
			
	            Section 6.02.	  	 Reservation of Common Stock
	  	15
			
	            Section 6.03.	  	 Registration and Listing
	  	15
			
	            Section 6.04.	  	 Registration Statement
	  	15
			
	            Section 6.05.	  	 Compliance with Laws
	  	15

  

 -iii- 








 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 (continued) 
  

					
	 	  	 	  	Page
	            Section 6.06.	  	 Reporting Requirements
	  	16
			
	            Section 6.07.	  	 Other Financing
	  	16
			
	            Section 6.08.	  	 Prohibited Transactions
	  	16
			
	            Section 6.09.	  	 Corporate Existence
	  	17
			
	            Section 6.10.	  	 Non-Disclosure of Non-Public Information
	  	17
			
	            Section 6.11.	  	 Notice of Certain Events Affecting Registration; Suspension of Right to Request a Draw Down
	  	17
			
	            Section 6.12.	  	 Amendments to the Registration Statement
	  	17
			
	            Section 6.13.	  	 Prospectus Delivery
	  	18
		
	 ARTICLE VII        CONDITIONS TO THE OBLIGATION OF THE INVESTOR TO ACCEPT A DRAW
DOWN
	  	18
			
	            Section 7.01.	  	 Accuracy of the Company’s Representations and Warranties
	  	18
			
	            Section 7.02.	  	 Performance by the Company
	  	18
			
	            Section 7.03.	  	 Compliance with Law
	  	18
			
	            Section 7.04.	  	 Effective Registration Statement
	  	18
			
	            Section 7.05.	  	 No Knowledge
	  	19
			
	            Section 7.06.	  	 No Suspension
	  	19
			
	            Section 7.07.	  	 No Injunction
	  	19
			
	            Section 7.08.	  	 No Proceedings or Litigation
	  	19
			
	            Section 7.09.	  	 Sufficient Shares Registered for Resale
	  	19
			
	            Section 7.10.	  	 Warrant
	  	19
			
	            Section 7.11.	  	 Opinion of Counsel
	  	19
			
	            Section 7.12.	  	 Accuracy of Investor’s Representation and Warranties
	  	19
			
	            Section 7.13.	  	 Payment of Fees
	  	19
		
	 ARTICLE VIII      TERMINATION
	  	19
			
	            Section 8.01.	  	 Term
	  	19
			
	            Section 8.02.	  	 Other Termination
	  	20
			
	            Section 8.03.	  	 Effect of Termination
	  	20
		
	ARTICLE IX        INDEMNIFICATION	  	21
			
	            Section 9.01.	  	 Indemnification
	  	21
			
	            Section 9.02.	  	 Notification of Claims for Indemnification
	  	22
		
	ARTICLE X        MISCELLANEOUS	  	23
			
	            Section 10.01.	  	 Fees and Expenses
	  	23

  

 -iv- 








 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 (continued) 
  

					
	 	  	 	  	Page
	            Section 10.02.	  	 Reporting Entity for the Common Stock
	  	23
			
	            Section 10.03.	  	 Brokerage
	  	23
			
	            Section 10.04.	  	 Notices
	  	24
			
	            Section 10.05.	  	 Assignment
	  	25
			
	            Section 10.06.	  	 Amendment; No Waiver
	  	25
			
	            Section 10.07.	  	 Entire Agreement
	  	25
			
	            Section 10.08.	  	 Severability
	  	25
			
	            Section 10.09.	  	 Title and Subtitles
	  	26
			
	            Section 10.10.	  	 Counterparts
	  	26
			
	            Section 10.11.	  	 Choice of Law
	  	26
			
	            Section 10.12.	  	 Specific Enforcement, Consent to Jurisdiction
	  	26
			
	            Section 10.13.	  	 Survival
	  	26
			
	            Section 10.14.	  	 Publicity
	  	26
			
	            Section 10.15.	  	 Further Assurances
	  	27
			
	            Section 10.16.	  	 Absence of Presumption
	  	27

  

 -v- 








 COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT 
 by and between 
 KINGSBRIDGE CAPITAL LIMITED 
 and 
 KOSAN BIOSCIENCES INCORPORATED

 dated as of July 19, 2006 
 This COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT is entered into as of the 19th day of July, 2006 (this “Agreement”), by and between KINGSBRIDGE CAPITAL LIMITED, an entity organized and existing under the laws of the British Virgin
Islands, whose registered address is Palm Grove House, 2nd Floor, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands (the “Investor”) and KOSAN BIOSCIENCES INCORPORATED, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of
Delaware (the “Company”). 
 WHEREAS, the parties desire that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions and limitations
set forth herein, the Company may issue and sell to the Investor, from time to time as provided herein, and the Investor shall purchase from the Company, up to $50 million worth of shares of Common Stock (as defined below); and 
 WHEREAS, such investments will be made in reliance upon the provisions of Section 4(2) (“Section 4(2)”) and Regulation D
(“Regulation D”) of the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “Securities Act”), and/or upon such other exemption from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act as may be available with respect to any or all of the investments in Common Stock to be made hereunder; and 
 WHEREAS, the parties hereto are concurrently entering into a Registration Rights Agreement in the form of Exhibit A hereto (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company shall register the
Common Stock issued and sold to the Investor under this Agreement and under the Warrant (as defined below), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein; and 
 WHEREAS, in consideration for the Investor’s execution and delivery of, and its performance of its obligations under, this Agreement, the Company is
concurrently issuing to the Investor a Warrant in the form of Exhibit B hereto (the “Warrant”) pursuant to which the Investor may purchase from the Company up to 285,000 shares of Common Stock, upon the terms and subject to
the conditions and limitations set forth therein; 







 NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows: 
 ARTICLE I 
 DEFINITIONS

 Section 1.01. “Blackout Amount” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights
Agreement. 
 Section 1.02. “Blackout Shares” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights
Agreement. 
 Section 1.03. “Bylaws” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.03 hereof.

 Section 1.04. “Certificate” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.03 hereof. 
 Section 1.05. “Closing Date” means the date on which this Agreement is executed and delivered by the Company and the Investor.

 Section 1.06. “Commission” means the United States Securities Exchange Commission. 
 Section 1.07. “Commission Documents” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.06 hereof. 
 Section 1.08. “Commitment Period” means the period commencing on the Effective Date and expiring on the earliest to occur of
(i) the date on which the Investor shall have purchased Shares pursuant to this Agreement for an aggregate purchase price equal to the Maximum Commitment Amount, (ii) the date this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Article VIII
hereof, and (iii) the date occurring thirty-six (36) months from the Effective Date. 
 Section 1.09. “Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share. 
 Section 1.10. “Condition Satisfaction
Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Article VII hereof. 
 Section 1.11. “Convertible
Security” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.08 hereof. 
 Section 1.12. “Conversion
Price” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.08 hereof. 
 Section 1.13. “Damages”
means any loss, claim, damage, liability, costs and expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses and costs and reasonable expenses of expert witnesses and investigation). 
 Section 1.14. “Draw Down” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01 hereof. 
 Section 1.15. “Draw Down Amount” means the actual amount of a Draw Down paid to the Company. 
  

 2 








 Section 1.16. “Draw Down Discount Price” means (i) 90% of the VWAP on any
Trading Day during a Draw Down Pricing Period when the VWAP equals or exceeds $2.00 but is less than or equal to $6.00, (ii) 92% of the VWAP on any Trading Day during a Draw Down Pricing Period when the VWAP exceeds $6.00 but is less than or
equal to $8.25, or (iii) 94% of the VWAP on any Trading Day during a Draw Down Pricing Period when the VWAP exceeds $8.25. 
 Section 1.17. “Draw Down Notice” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01 hereof. 
 Section 1.18. “Draw Down Pricing Period” shall mean, with respect to each Draw Down, a period of eight (8) consecutive Trading Days beginning on the first Trading Day specified in a Draw Down Notice. 

Section 1.19. “DTC” shall mean the Depository Trust Company, or any successor thereto. 
 Section 1.20. “Effective Date” means the first Trading Day immediately following the date on which the Registration Statement is
declared effective by the Commission. 
 Section 1.21. “Exchange Act” means the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. 
 Section 1.22. “Excluded Merger or Sale” shall have
the meaning assigned to such term in the Warrant. 
 Section 1.23. “Knowledge” with respect to the Company means the
actual knowledge of the Chief Executive Officer, the Senior Vice President, Legal and Corporate Development, General Counsel and Secretary, the Senior Vice President, Manufacturing and Operations, the Senior Vice President, Drug Discovery and
Preclinical Development, and the Principal Accounting Officer and Principal Financial Officer of the Company. 
 Section 1.24.
“LIBOR” means the offered rate for twelve-month U.S. dollar deposits that appears on Moneyline Telerate Page 3750 (or such other page as may replace such Moneyline Telerate Page 3750 for the purpose of displaying comparable rates),
as of 11:00 a.m. (London time) two (2) Trading Days prior to the beginning of the relevant period. 
 Section 1.25. “Make
Whole Amount” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.07. 
 Section 1.26. “Market Capitalization”
means, as of any Trading Day, the product of (i) the closing sale price of the Common Stock as reported by Bloomberg L.P. using the AQR function and (ii) the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company as reported by
Bloomberg L.P. using the DES function. 
 Section 1.27. “Material Adverse Effect” means any effect that is not negated,
corrected, cured or otherwise remedied by the Company within a reasonable period of time on the business, operations, properties or financial condition of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries that is material and adverse to the Company and
such subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and/or any condition, circumstance, or situation that would prohibit or otherwise interfere with the ability of the Company to perform any of its obligations under this Agreement, the Registration Rights
Agreement or the Warrant in any material respect; provided, that none of the following shall constitute a “Material Adverse Effect”: (i) the effects of conditions or events that are generally applicable to the capital,
financial, banking, currency, biotechnology or pharmaceutical markets, (ii) any changes or effects resulting from the announcement or 

  

 3 








 
consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, any changes or effects associated with any particular Draw
Down, and (iii) changes in the market price of the Company’s Common Stock. 
 Section 1.28. “Maximum Commitment
Amount” means the lesser of (i) $50 million in aggregate Draw Down Amounts or (ii) 6,879,868 shares of Common Stock (as adjusted for stock splits, stock combinations, stock dividends, recapitalizations and the like that occur on
or after the date of this Agreement minus the number of Blackout Shares, if any, delivered to the Investor under the Registration Rights Agreement, provided, however, that the Maximum Commitment Amount shall not exceed that number of shares
of Common Stock which the Company may issue pursuant to the Agreement and the transactions contemplated herein, without breaching the Company’s obligations under the rules and regulations of the Principal Market). 
 Section 1.29. “Maximum Draw Down Amount” means the lesser of (i) 2% of the Company’s Market Capitalization at the time of
the Draw Down, or (ii) $10 million. 
 Section 1.30. “NASD” means the National Association of Securities Dealers,
Inc. 
 Section 1.31. “Permitted Transaction” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.07 hereof.

 Section 1.32. “Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, trust
or other entity or organization, including any government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof. 
 Section 1.33. “Principal Market” means the Nasdaq National Market, the Nasdaq SmallCap Market, the American Stock Exchange or the New York Stock Exchange, whichever is at the time the principal trading exchange or
market for the Common Stock. 
 Section 1.34. “Prohibited Transaction” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 6.08 hereof. 
 Section 1.35. “Prospectus” as used in this Agreement means the prospectus in the form
included in the Registration Statement, as supplemented from time to time pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act. 
 Section 1.36. “Registrable Securities” means (i) the Shares, (ii) the Warrant Shares, and (iii) any securities issued or issuable with respect to any of the foregoing by way of exchange, stock dividend
or stock split or in connection with a combination of shares, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization or otherwise. As to any particular Registrable Securities, once issued such securities shall cease to be Registrable
Securities when (w) the Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission and such Registrable Securities have been disposed of pursuant to the Registration Statement, (x) such Registrable Securities have been sold under
circumstances under which all of the applicable conditions of Rule 144 (or any similar provision then in force) under the Securities Act (“Rule 144”) are met, (y) such time as such Registrable Securities have been
otherwise transferred to holders who may trade such shares without restriction under the Securities Act, and the Company has delivered a new certificate or other evidence of ownership for such securities not bearing a restrictive legend or
(z) in the opinion of inside or outside counsel to the Company such Registrable Securities may be sold without registration and without any time, volume or manner limitations pursuant to Rule 144(k) (or any similar provision then in
effect) under the Securities Act. 
  

 4 








 Section 1.37. “Registration Rights Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in
the recitals of this Agreement. 
 Section 1.38. “Registration Statement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term
in the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 Section 1.39. “Regulation D” shall have the meaning set forth in the
recitals of this Agreement. 
 Section 1.40. “Section 4(2)” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals of
this Agreement. 
 Section 1.41. “Securities Act” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals of this Agreement.

 Section 1.42. “Settlement Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.05 hereof.

 Section 1.43. “Shares” means the shares of Common Stock of the Company that are and/or may be purchased hereunder.

 Section 1.44. “Trading Day” means any day other than a Saturday or a Sunday on which the Principal Market is open
for trading in equity securities. 
 Section 1.45. “VWAP” means the volume weighted average price (the aggregate sales
price of all trades of Common Stock during each Trading Day divided by the total number of shares of Common Stock traded during such Trading Day) of the Common Stock during any Trading Day as reported by Bloomberg, L.P. using the AQR function.

 Section 1.46. “Warrant” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals of this Agreement. 
 Section 1.47. “Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable to the Investor upon exercise of the Warrant. 

ARTICLE II 
 PURCHASE AND SALE OF
COMMON STOCK 
 Section 2.01. Purchase and Sale of Stock. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement, the Company shall, to the extent it elects to make Draw Downs in accordance with Article III hereof, issue and sell to the Investor and the Investor shall purchase from the Company Common Stock for an aggregate in Draw Down Amounts
of up to the Maximum Commitment Amount, consisting of purchases based on Draw Downs in accordance with Article III hereof. 
 Section 2.02. Closing. In consideration of and in express reliance upon the representations, warranties, covenants, terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Company agrees to issue and sell to the Investor, and the Investor
agrees to purchase from the Company, that number of the Shares to be issued in connection with each Draw Down. The execution and delivery of this Agreement (the “Closing”) shall take place at the offices of Clifford Chance US LLP,
31 West 52nd Street, New York, NY 10019 at 2:00 p.m. local time on July 19, 2006, or at such other time and place or on such date as the Investor and the Company may agree upon (the “Closing Date”). Each party shall deliver at
or prior to the Closing all documents, instruments and writings required to be delivered at the Closing by such party pursuant to this Agreement. 
  

 5 








 Section 2.03. Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Company shall prepare and file with
the Commission the Registration Statement (including the Prospectus) in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act and the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 Section 2.04. Warrant. On the Closing Date, the Company shall issue and deliver the Warrant to the Investor. 
 Section 2.05. Blackout Shares. The Company shall deliver any Blackout Amount or issue and deliver any Blackout Shares to the Investor in accordance with Section 1(e) of the Registration Rights
Agreement. 
 ARTICLE III 
 DRAW DOWN TERMS 
 Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions hereinafter set forth in this Agreement, the parties agree
as follows: 
 Section 3.01. Draw Down Notice. The Company, may, in its sole discretion, issue a Draw Down Notice (defined below)
specifying the dollar amount of Shares it elects to sell to the Investor (each such election a “Draw Down”) up to a Draw Down Amount equal to the Maximum Draw Down Amount during the Commitment Period, which Draw Down the Investor
will be obligated to accept. The Company shall inform the Investor in writing via e-mail to the addresses set forth in Section 10.04 and via facsimile transmission to the number set forth in Section 10.04, with a copy to the
Investor’s counsel, as to such Draw Down Amount before commencement of trading on the first Trading Day of the related Draw Down Pricing Period (the “Draw Down Notice”). In addition to the Draw Down Amount, each Draw Down
Notice shall designate the first Trading Day of the Draw Down Pricing Period. In no event shall any Draw Down Amount exceed the Maximum Draw Down Amount. Each Draw Down Notice shall be accompanied by a certificate, signed by the Chief Executive
Officer or Chief Financial Officer dated, as of the date of such Draw Down Notice, in the form of Exhibit C hereof. 
 Section 3.02. Number of Shares. Subject to Section 3.06(b), the number of Shares to be issued in connection with each Draw Down shall be equal to the sum of the number of shares issuable on each Trading Day of the Draw Down
Pricing Period. Subject to Section 3.06(b), the number of Shares issuable on a Trading Day during a Draw Down Pricing Period shall be equal to the quotient of one eighth (1/8th) of the Draw Down Amount divided by the Draw Down Discount
Price for such Trading Day. 
 Section 3.03. Limitation on Draw Downs. Only one Draw Down shall be permitted for each Draw Down
Pricing Period. 
 Section 3.04. Trading Cushion. Unless the parties agree in writing otherwise, there shall be a minimum of
three (3) Trading Days between the expiration of any Draw Down Pricing Period and the beginning of the next succeeding Draw Down Pricing Period. 
 Section 3.05. Settlement. Subject to Section 3.06(b), the number of Shares purchased by the Investor in any Draw Down shall be determined and settled on two separate dates. Shares purchased by the
Investor during the first four Trading Days of any Draw Down Pricing Period shall be determined and settled no later than the sixth Trading Day of such Draw Down Pricing Period. Shares purchased by the Investor during the second four Trading Days of
any Draw Down Pricing Period shall be determined and settled no later than the second Trading Day after the last Trading Day of such Draw Down Pricing Period. Each date on which settlement of the purchase and sale of Shares occurs hereunder being
referred 

  

 6 








 
to as a “Settlement Date.” The Investor shall provide the Company with delivery instructions for the Shares to be issued at each Settlement
Date at least two Trading Days in advance of such Settlement Date. The number of Shares actually issued shall be rounded to the nearest whole number of Shares. 
 Section 3.06. Delivery of Shares; Payment of Draw Down Amount. 
 (a) On each Settlement Date, the
Company shall deliver the Shares purchased by the Investor to the Investor or its designees exclusively via book-entry through the DTC to an account designated by the Investor, and upon receipt of the Shares, the Investor shall cause payment
therefor to be made to the Company’s designated account by wire transfer of immediately available funds, if the Shares are received by the Investor no later than 12:00 p.m. (Eastern Time), or next day available funds, if the Shares are received
thereafter. Upon the written request of the Company, the Investor will cause its banker to confirm to the Company that the Investor has provided irrevocable instructions to cause payment for the Shares to be made as set forth above, upon
confirmation by such banker that the Shares have been delivered through the DTC in unrestricted form. 
 (b) For each Trading Day during a
Draw Down Pricing Period that the VWAP is less than the greater of (i) 85% of the Closing Price of the Company’s Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the commencement of such Draw Down Pricing Period, or (ii) $2.00,
such Trading Day shall not be used in calculating the number of Shares to be issued in connection with such Draw Down, and the Draw Down Amount in respect of such Draw Down Pricing Period shall be reduced by one eighth (1/8th) of the initial
Draw Down Amount specified in the Draw Down Notice. If trading in the Company’s Common Stock is suspended for any reason for more than three (3) consecutive or non-consecutive hours during any Trading Day during a Draw Down Pricing Period,
such Trading Day shall not be used in calculating the number of Shares to be issued in connection with such Draw Down, and the Draw Down Amount in respect of such Draw Down Pricing Period shall be reduced by one eighth (1/8th) of the initial
Draw Down Amount specified in the Draw Down Notice. 
 Section 3.07. Failure to Deliver Shares. If the Company fails on any
Settlement Date to take all actions within its reasonable control to cause the delivery of the Shares purchased by the Investor, and such failure is not cured within two (2) Trading Days following such Settlement Date, the Company shall pay to
the Investor on demand in cash by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Investor the “Make Whole Amount;” provided, however, that in the event that the Company is prevented from
delivering Shares in respect of any such Settlement Date in a timely manner by any fact or circumstance that is reasonably within the control of, or directly attributable to, the Investor, then such two (2) Trading Day period shall be
automatically extended until such time as such fact or circumstance is cured. As used herein, the Make Whole Amount shall be an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Draw Down Amount actually paid by the Investor in respect of such Shares plus
(ii) an amount equal to the actual loss suffered by the Investor in respect of sales to subsequent purchasers, pursuant to transactions entered into before the Settlement Date, of the Shares that were required to be delivered by the Company,
which shall be based upon documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Company demonstrating the difference (if greater than zero) between (A) the price per share paid by the Investor to purchase such number of shares of Common Stock necessary
for the Investor to meet its share delivery obligations to such subsequent purchasers minus (B) the average Draw Down Discount Price during the applicable Draw Down Pricing Period. In the event that the Make Whole Amount is not paid within
three (3) Trading Days following a demand therefor from the Investor, the Make Whole Amount shall accrue interest compounded daily at a rate of LIBOR plus 300 basis points per annum, up to and including the date on which the Make Whole Amount
is actually paid. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, in the event that the Company pays the Make Whole Amount (plus interest, if applicable) in respect of any Settlement Date in accordance with this
Section 3.07, such payment shall be the Investor’s sole remedy in respect of the Company’s failure to deliver Shares in respect of such Settlement Date, and the Company shall not be obligated to deliver such Shares. 
  

 7 








 ARTICLE IV 
 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY 
 The Company hereby makes the following
representations and warranties to the Investor: 
 Section 4.01. Organization, Good Standing and Power. The Company is a
corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has all requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted. Except
as set forth in the Commission Documents (as defined below) as of the date hereof, the Company does not own more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding capital stock of or control any other business entity, other than any wholly-owned
subsidiary that is not “significant” within the meaning of Regulation S-X promulgated by the Commission. The Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to do business and is in good standing in every jurisdiction in which the
nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, other than those in which the failure so to qualify or be in good standing would not have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 Section 4.02. Authorization; Enforcement. (i) The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and perform its
obligations under this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the Warrant and to issue the Shares, the Warrant, the Warrant Shares and any Blackout Shares (except to the extent that the number of Blackout Shares required to be issued
exceeds the number of authorized shares of Common Stock under the Certificate); (ii) the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, and the execution, issuance and delivery of the Warrant, by the Company and
the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and no further consent or authorization of the Company or its Board of Directors or stockholders is required
(other than as contemplated by Section 6.05); and (iii) each of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement has been duly executed and delivered, and the Warrant has been duly executed, issued and delivered, by the Company and
constitute a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, securities, insolvency, or similar laws relating to, or
affecting generally the enforcement of, creditors’ rights and remedies, or indemnification or by other equitable principles of general application. 
 Section 4.03. Capitalization. The authorized capital stock of the Company and the shares thereof issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2005 are set forth in the Commission Documents. All of the
outstanding shares of the Common Stock as of December 31, 2005 have been duly and validly authorized and issued, and are fully paid and non-assessable. Except as set forth in this Agreement, the Commission Documents or as previously disclosed
on a schedule (the “Disclosure Schedule”) previously delivered to the Investor, as of December 31, 2005, no shares of Common Stock were entitled to preemptive rights or registration rights and there were no outstanding options,
warrants, scrip, rights issued by the Company to subscribe to, call or commitments of any character whatsoever issued by the Company relating to, or securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for or giving any right to subscribe for, any
shares of capital stock of the Company. Except as set forth in this Agreement, the Commission Documents, or as previously disclosed to the Investor in the Disclosure Schedule, as of December 31, 2005, there were no contracts, commitments,
understandings, or arrangements by which the Company is or may become bound to issue additional shares of the capital stock of the Company or options, securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for or giving any right to subscribe for any
shares of capital stock of the Company. Except as described in the Commission Documents or as 

  

 8 








 
previously disclosed to the Investor in the Disclosure Schedule, as of the date hereof the Company is not a party to any agreement granting registration
rights to any Person with respect to any of its equity or debt securities. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents or as previously disclosed to the Investor in writing, as of the date hereof the Company is not a party to, and it has no
Knowledge of, any agreement restricting the voting or transfer of any shares of the capital stock of the Company. The offer and sale of all capital stock, convertible securities, rights, warrants, or options of the Company issued during the eighteen
month period immediately prior to the Closing complied in all material respects with all applicable federal and state securities laws, and no stockholder has a right of rescission or damages with respect thereto that could reasonably be expected to
have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has furnished or made available to the Investor true and correct copies of the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and in effect on the date hereof (the
“Certificate”), and the Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended and in effect on the date hereof (the “Bylaws”). 
 Section 4.04. Issuance of Shares. Subject to Section 6.05, the Shares, the Warrant and the Warrant Shares have been, and any Blackout Shares will be, duly authorized by all necessary corporate action
(except to the extent that the number of Blackout Shares required to be issued exceeds the number of authorized shares of Common Stock under the Certificate) and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the
Registration Rights Agreement and the Warrant, the Shares and the Warrant Shares shall be validly issued and outstanding, fully paid and non-assessable, and the Investor shall be entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of shares of Common Stock.

 Section 4.05. No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the
Warrant and any other document or instrument contemplated hereby or thereby, by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not: (i) violate any provision of the Certificate or Bylaws,
(ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any material agreement,
mortgage, deed of trust, indenture, note, bond, license, lease agreement, instrument or obligation to which the Company is a party where such default or conflict would constitute a Material Adverse Effect, (iii) create or impose a lien, charge
or encumbrance on any property of the Company under any agreement or any commitment to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound or by which any of its respective properties or assets are bound which would constitute a Material
Adverse Effect, (iv) result in a violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute, rule, regulation, order, writ, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws and regulations) applicable to the Company or any of its
subsidiaries or by which any property or asset of the Company or any of its subsidiaries are bound or affected where such violation would constitute a Material Adverse Effect, or (v) require any consent of any third-party that has not been
obtained pursuant to any material contract to which the Company is subject or to which any of its assets, operations or management may be subject where the failure to obtain any such consent would constitute a Material Adverse Effect. The Company is
not required under federal, state or local law, rule or regulation to obtain any consent, authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any court or governmental agency in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its
obligations under this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or the Warrant, or issue and sell the Shares, the Warrant Shares or the Blackout Shares (except to the extent that the number of Blackout Shares required to be issued exceeds the
number of authorized shares of Common Stock under the Certificate) in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof (other than any filings that may be required to be made by the Company with the Commission, the NASD/Nasdaq or state securities
commissions subsequent to the Closing, and, any registration statement (including any amendment or supplement thereto) which may be filed pursuant hereto); provided that, for purposes of the representation made in this sentence, the Company
is assuming and relying upon the accuracy of the relevant representations and agreements of the Investor herein. 
  

 9 








 Section 4.06. Commission Documents, Financial Statements. The Common Stock is registered
pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and since October 4, 2000 the Company has timely filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by it with the Commission pursuant to the
reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, including material filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (all of the foregoing, including filings incorporated by reference therein, being referred to herein as the
“Commission Documents”). Except as previously disclosed to the Investor in writing, since October 4, 2000 the Company has maintained all requirements for the continued listing or quotation of its Common Stock, and such Common
Stock is currently listed or quoted on the Nasdaq National Market. To the extent not available on the Commission’s EDGAR filing system, the Company has made available to the Investor true and complete copies of the Commission Documents filed
with the Commission since October 4, 2000 and prior to the Closing Date. The Company has not provided to the Investor any information which, according to applicable law, rule or regulation, should have been disclosed publicly by the Company but
which has not been so disclosed, other than with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. As of its date, the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 complied in all material respects with the
requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder applicable to such document, and, as of its date, after giving effect to the information disclosed and incorporated by reference therein, such
Form 10-K did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading. As of their respective dates, the financial statements of the Company included in the Commission Documents filed with the Commission since October 4, 2000 complied as to form and substance in all material respects with applicable
accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the Commission or other applicable rules and regulations with respect thereto. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except (i) as may be otherwise indicated in such financial statements or the notes thereto or (ii) in the case of unaudited interim statements,
to the extent they may not include footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements), and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and the results of operations and
cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments). 
 Section 4.07. No Material Adverse Change. Except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, since December 31, 2005 no event or series of events has or have occurred that would, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company. 
 Section 4.08. No Undisclosed Liabilities. Neither the Company nor any of its
subsidiaries has any liabilities, obligations, claims or losses (whether liquidated or unliquidated, secured or unsecured, absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise) that would be required to be disclosed on a balance sheet of the Company or any
subsidiary (including the notes thereto) in conformity with GAAP and are not disclosed in the Commission Documents, other than those incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s or its subsidiaries respective businesses since
December 31, 2005 and which, individually or in the aggregate, do not or would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. 
 Section 4.09. No Undisclosed Events or Circumstances. To the Company’s Knowledge, no event or circumstance has occurred or exists with respect to the Company or its subsidiaries or their respective businesses, properties,
operations or financial condition, which, under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure or announcement by the Company but which has not been so publicly announced or disclosed and which, individually or in the aggregate,
would have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. 
  

 10 








 Section 4.10. Actions Pending. There is no action, suit, claim, investigation or proceeding
pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any subsidiary which questions the validity of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby or any action taken or to be taken pursuant hereto or thereto.
Except as set forth in the Commission Documents or in the Disclosure Schedule, there is no action, suit, claim, investigation or proceeding pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, against or involving the Company, any subsidiary or
any of their respective properties or assets that could be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents or as previously disclosed to the Investor in writing, no judgment,
order, writ, injunction or decree or award has been issued by or, to the Knowledge of the Company, requested of any court, arbitrator or governmental agency which could be reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. 
 Section 4.11. Compliance with Law. The businesses of the Company and its subsidiaries have been and are presently being conducted in
accordance with all applicable federal, state and local governmental laws, rules, regulations and ordinances, except as set forth in the Commission Documents or such that would not reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Effect. Except as
set forth in the Commission Documents, the Company and each of its subsidiaries have all franchises, permits, licenses, consents and other governmental or regulatory authorizations and approvals necessary for the conduct of its business as now being
conducted by it, except for such franchises, permits, licenses, consents and other governmental or regulatory authorizations and approvals, the failure to possess which, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect. 
 Section 4.12. Certain Fees . Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, no brokers, finders or
financial advisory fees or commissions will be payable by the Company or any of its subsidiaries in respect of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. 
 Section 4.13. Disclosure. To the Company’s Knowledge, neither this Agreement nor any other documents, certificates or instruments furnished to the Investor by or on behalf of the Company or any
subsidiary in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or the Warrant contain any untrue statement of a material fact or, taken as a whole together with the Registration Statement as and when
declared effective by the Commission (along with any documents from time to time incorporated by reference therein, or any amendments to the Registration Statement or to such documents), omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the
statements made herein or therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made herein or therein, not misleading. 
 Section 4.14. Material Non-Public Information. Except for this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, neither the Company nor its agents have disclosed to the Investor, any material non-public information that,
according to applicable law, rule or regulation, should have been disclosed publicly by the Company prior to the date hereof but which has not been so disclosed. 
 Section 4.15. Exemption from Registration; Valid Issuances. Subject to, and in reliance on the representations, warranties and covenants made herein by the Investor, the issuance and sale of the Shares,
the Warrant, the Warrant Shares and any Blackout Shares in accordance with the terms and on the bases of the representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement, may and shall be properly issued pursuant to Section 4(2),
Regulation D and/or any other applicable federal and state securities laws provided, however, that at the request of and with the express agreement of the Investor, the Shares and, under certain circumstances, the Warrant Shares, will be
delivered to the Investor via book entry through DTC and shall not be bear legends noting restrictions as to resale of such shares under federal and state securities laws, nor shall such shares be subject to stop transfer instructions. Neither the
sales of the Shares, the Warrant, the Warrant Shares or any Blackout Shares pursuant to, nor the Company’s 

  

 11 








 
performance of its obligations under, this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, or the Warrant shall (i) result in the creation or imposition
of any liens, charges, claims or other encumbrances upon the Shares, the Warrant Shares, any Blackout Shares or any of the assets of the Company, or (ii) except as previously disclosed to the Investor in writing, entitle the holders of any
outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company to preemptive or other rights to subscribe to or acquire the shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Company. The Shares, the Warrant Shares and any Blackout Shares shall not subject the
Investor to personal liability to the Company, its officers, directors, employees or stockholders by reason of its ownership thereof. 
 Section 4.16. No General Solicitation or Advertising in Regard to this Transaction. Neither the Company nor any of its affiliates or any person acting on its or their behalf (i) has conducted any general solicitation (as
that term is used in Rule 502(c) of Regulation D) or general advertising with respect to any of the Shares, the Warrant, the Warrant Shares or any Blackout Shares or (ii) has made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to
buy any security under any circumstances that would require registration of the Shares under the Securities Act. 
 Section 4.17. No
Integrated Offering. Neither the Company, nor any of its affiliates, nor any person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, other than
pursuant to this Agreement and employee benefit plans, under circumstances that would require registration under the Securities Act of shares of the Common Stock issuable hereunder with any other offers or sales of securities of the Company.

 Section 4.18. Acknowledgment Regarding Investor’s Purchase of Shares. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the
Investor is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length Investor with respect to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereunder. The Company further acknowledges that the Investor is not acting as a financial advisor or
fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereunder and any advice given by the Investor or any of its representatives or agents in connection with this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereunder is merely incidental to the Investor’s purchase of the Shares. 
 ARTICLE V 
 REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE INVESTOR 
 The Investor hereby makes the following representations, warranties and covenants to the Company: 
 Section 5.01. Organization and Standing of the Investor. The Investor is a company duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the British Virgin Islands. 
 Section 5.02. Authorization and Power. The Investor has the requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under
this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the Warrant and to purchase the Shares, the Blackout Shares, the Warrant and the Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof. The execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement by Investor and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action, and no further consent or authorization of the
Investor, its Board of Directors or stockholders is required. Each of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Investor and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Investor
enforceable against the Investor in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, securities, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation, conservatorship, receivership, or similar laws
relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement of creditor’s rights and remedies or indemnification by other equitable principles of general application. 
  

 12 








 Section 5.03. No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the
Warrant, the Registration Rights Agreement and any other document or instrument contemplated hereby, by the Investor and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby do not (i) violate any provision of the Investor’s charter
documents or bylaws, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any
material agreement, mortgage, deed of trust, indenture, note, bond, license, lease agreement, instrument or obligation to which the Investor is a party, (iii) create or impose a lien, charge or encumbrance on any property of the Investor under
any agreement or any commitment to which the Investor is a party or by which the Investor is bound or by which any of its respective properties or assets are bound, (iv) result in a violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute,
rule, regulation, order, writ, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws and regulations) applicable to the Investor or by which any property or asset of the Investor are bound or affected, or (v) require the consent of
any third-party that has not been obtained pursuant to any material contract to which Investor is subject or to which any of its assets, operations or management may be subject. The Investor is not required under federal, state or local law, rule or
regulation to obtain any consent, authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any court or governmental agency in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under this Agreement or to purchase the
Shares or the Warrant in accordance with the terms hereof, provided that, for purposes of the representation made in this sentence, the Investor is assuming and relying upon the accuracy of the relevant representations and agreements of the
Company herein. 
 Section 5.04. Financial Capability. The Investor has the financial capability to perform all of its
obligations under this Agreement, including the capability to purchase the Shares, the Warrant and the Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms hereof. The Investor has such knowledge and experience in business and financial matters that it is
capable of evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in Common Stock and the Warrant. The Investor is an “accredited investor” as defined in Regulation D. The Investor is a “sophisticated investor” as described in
Rule 506(b)(2)(ii) of Regulation D. The Investor acknowledges that an investment in the Common Stock and the Warrant is speculative and involves a high degree of risk. 
 Section 5.05. Information. The Investor and its advisors, if any, have been furnished with all materials relating to the business, finances
and operations of the Company and materials relating to the offer and sale of the Shares, the Blackout Shares, the Warrant and the Warrant Shares which have been requested by the Investor. The Investor has reviewed or received copies of the
Commission Documents. The Investor and its advisors, if any, have been afforded the opportunity to ask questions of the Company. The Investor has sought such accounting, legal and tax advice as it has considered necessary to make an informed
investment decision with respect to its acquisition of the Shares, the Warrant and the Warrant Shares. The Investor understands that it (and not the Company) shall be responsible for its own tax liabilities that may arise as a result of this
investment or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. 
 Section 5.06. Selling Restrictions. 
 (a) The Investor has not directly or indirectly, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with the Investor, engaged in any
transactions in the Company’s securities (including, without limitation, any “short sale”, as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO, or any successor regulation, promulgated by the Commission under the Exchange Act
involving Common Stock) since the time that the Investor was first contacted by the Company, or any Person acting on behalf of the Company, regarding the transactions contemplated hereby. 
  

 13 








 (b) The Investor covenants that during the Commitment Period, neither the Investor nor any of its
affiliates nor any entity managed or controlled by the Investor will ever (i) enter into or execute or cause any Person to enter into or execute any “short sale” (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO
promulgated by the Commission under the Exchange Act) of any shares of Common Stock, (ii) sell, during the term of a Draw Down Pricing Period, Common Stock other than Common Stock purchased (or to be purchased) pursuant to the Draw Down
pertaining to such Draw Down Pricing Period or (iii) engage, through related parties or otherwise, in any derivative transaction directly related to shares of Common Stock (including, without limitation, the purchase of any option or contract
to sell). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Investor shall have the right during any Draw Down Pricing Period to sell shares of Common Stock equal in number to the aggregate number of the Shares purchased (or to be purchased) pursuant to the Draw
Down pertaining to such Draw Down Pricing Period. 
 Section 5.07. Statutory Underwriter Status. The Investor acknowledges that,
pursuant to the Commission’s current interpretations of the Securities Act, the Investor will be disclosed as an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act in the Registration Statement (and amendments thereto) and in any
Prospectus contained therein to the extent required by applicable law. The Company acknowledges that the Investor does not necessarily agree with such characterization. 
 Section 5.08. Not an Affiliate. The Investor is not an officer, director or “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act) of the Company. 
 Section 5.09. Manner of Sale. At no time was Investor presented with or solicited by or through any leaflet, public promotional meeting,
television advertisement or any other form of general solicitation or advertising. 
 Section 5.10. Prospectus Delivery. The
Investor agrees that unless the Shares and Warrant Shares are eligible for resale pursuant to all the conditions of Rule 144, it will resell the Shares and Warrant Shares only pursuant to the Registration Statement, in a manner described under
the caption “Plan of Distribution” in the Registration Statement, and in a manner in compliance with all applicable securities laws, including, without limitation, the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act, if any, as
applicable to it in connection with sales of Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement, and the Investor shall have delivered a current prospectus in connection with such sale or shall have confirmed that a current prospectus is
deemed to be delivered in connection with such sale, or relied on an exemption from such prospectus delivery requirements. The Investor, acknowledges that the delivery of the Shares or Warrant Shares through DTC is predicated upon the Company’s
reliance that the Investor will sell any Shares or Warrant Shares pursuant to either (i) the registration requirements of the Securities Act, or (ii) an exemption therefrom. The Investor further acknowledges and agrees that the Company
shall be under no obligation to supplement the Prospectus to reflect the issuance of any Shares pursuant to a Draw Down at any time prior to the day following the Settlement Date with respect to such Shares. 
 ARTICLE VI 
 COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY

 The Company covenants with the Investor as follows, which covenants are for the benefit of the Investor and its permitted assignees
(as defined herein): 
 Section 6.01. Securities. The Company shall notify the Commission and the Principal Market, if and as
applicable, in accordance with their rules and regulations, of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to take all other necessary action and 

  

 14 








 
proceedings as may be required and permitted by applicable law, rule and regulation, for the legal and valid issuance of the Shares, the Warrant Shares and
the Blackout Shares, if any, to the Investor; provided that in no event shall the Company be under any obligation to supplement the Prospectus to reflect the issuance of any Shares pursuant to a Draw Down at any time prior to the day
following the Settlement Date with respect to such Shares. 
 Section 6.02. Reservation of Common Stock. As of the date hereof,
the Company has available and the Company shall reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights and other similar contractual rights of stockholders, shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company to satisfy any
obligation to issue the Shares in connection with all Draw Downs contemplated hereunder and the Warrant Shares. The number of shares so reserved from time to time, as theretofore increased or reduced as hereinafter provided, may be reduced by the
number of shares actually delivered hereunder. 
 Section 6.03. Registration and Listing. During the Commitment Period, the
Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts: (i) to take all action necessary to cause its Common Stock to continue to be registered under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, (ii) to comply in all respects with its
reporting and filing obligations under the Exchange Act, (iii) to prevent the termination or suspension of such registration, or the termination or suspension of its reporting and filing obligations under the Exchange Act or Securities Act
(except as expressly permitted herein). The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain the listing and trading of its Common Stock and the listing of the Shares purchased by Investor hereunder on the Principal Market (including,
without limitation, maintaining sufficient net tangible assets) and will comply in all material respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the NASD and the Principal Market. The Company will
not be required to carry out any action pursuant to this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or the Warrant that would adversely impact the listing of the Company’s securities on the Principal Market as now in effect or as subsequently
modified by applicable rules and regulations. 
 Section 6.04. Registration Statement. Without the prior written consent of the
Investor, the Registration Statement shall be used solely in connection with the transactions between the Company and the Investor contemplated hereby. 
 Section 6.05. Compliance with Laws. 
 (a) The Company shall comply, and cause each subsidiary to
comply, with all applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders, noncompliance with which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (b) Without the consent of its stockholders in accordance with NASD rules, the Company will not be obligated to issue, and the Investor will not be obligated to purchase, any Shares or Blackout Shares which would
result in the issuance under this Agreement, the Warrant and the Registration Rights Agreements of Shares and Blackout Shares (collectively) representing more than the applicable percentage under the rules of the NASD, including, without limitation,
NASD 4350(i), that would require stockholder approval of the issuance thereof. Nothing herein shall compel the Company to seek such consent of its stockholders. In addition, the Company will not be obligated to issue, and the Investor will not be
obligated to purchase, any Shares or Blackout Shares if as a result of the acquisition of such Shares and/or Blackout Shares, the Company would be required to file any notification or report forms under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements
Act of 1976, as amended. Nothing herein shall compel the Company to file such notification and report forms. 
  

 15 








 Section 6.06. Reporting Requirements. Upon reasonable written request of the Investor during
the Commitment Period, the Company shall furnish copies of the following to the Investor within three Trading Days of such request (but not sooner than filed with or submitted to the Commission): 
  

	 	(a)	Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q; 

  

	 	(b)	Annual Reports on Form 10-K; 

  

	 	(c)	Current Reports on Form 8-K; and 

  

	 	(d)	any other documents publicly furnished or submitted to the Commission. 

 Section 6.07. Other Financing. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to restrict the right of the Company to offer, sell and/or issue securities of any kind whatsoever, provided such transaction is
not a Prohibited Transaction (as defined below) (any such transaction that is not a Prohibited Transaction is referred to in this Agreement as a “Permitted Transaction”). Without limiting the generality of the preceding sentence,
the Company may, without the prior written consent of the Investor, (i) establish stock option or award plans or agreements (for directors, employees, consultants and/or advisors), and issue securities thereunder, and amend such plans or
agreements, including increasing the number of shares available thereunder, (ii) issue equity securities to finance, or otherwise in connection with, the acquisition of one or more other companies, equipment, technologies or lines of business,
(iii) issue shares of Common Stock and/or Preferred Stock in connection with the Company’s option or award plans, stock purchase plans, rights plans, warrants or options, (iv) issue shares of Common Stock and/or Preferred Stock in
connection with the acquisition of products, licenses, equipment or other assets and strategic partnerships or joint ventures; (v) issue shares of Common and/or Preferred Stock to consultants and/or advisors as consideration for services
rendered or to be rendered, (vi) issue and sell equity or debt securities in a public offering, (vii) issue and sell any equity or debt securities in a private placement (other than in connection with any Prohibited Transaction),
(viii) issue equity securities to equipment lessors, equipment vendors, banks or similar lending institutions in connection with leases or loans, or in connection with strategic commercial or licensing transactions, (ix) issue securities
in connection with any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reclassification or similar event by the Company, and (x) issue shares of Common Stock to the Investor under any other agreement entered into between the Investor and the
Company. The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to notify the Investor in writing prior to the consummation of any material Permitted Transaction described in clauses (vi), (vii) or (ix) above. 
 Section 6.08. Prohibited Transactions. During the term of this Agreement, the Company shall not enter into any Prohibited Transaction without
the prior written consent of the Investor, which consent may be withheld in the sole and absolute discretion of the Investor. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “Prohibited Transaction” shall refer to: (i) the
issuance by the Company of any rights, warrants or options to subscribe for or purchase Common Stock, or any other securities directly or indirectly convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for Common Stock, at an effective conversion,
exchange or exercise price that varies or may vary with or is otherwise issuable in relation to the market price of Common Stock, including by way of one or more resets to any fixed price; (ii) any “at-the-market offering” (as defined
in Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act or any successor rule thereto) of the Company’s securities by or on behalf of the Company, other than a customary, firm-commitment underwritten public offering; and (iii) any equity line or other
form of financing that is substantially similar to the financing provided for under this Agreement, provided that any future issuance by the Company of a convertible security (“Convertible Security”) that contains provisions
that adjust the conversion price of such Convertible Security (“Conversion Price”) in the event of stock splits, dividends, distributions or similar events or pursuant to anti-dilution provisions shall not be a Prohibited
Transaction 

  

 16 








 
for purposes of this Section 6.08 so long as such Convertible Security does not contain a provision that adjusts the Conversion Price as a result of any
decline in the market price of the Common Stock after the issue date of the Convertible Security, other than a decline resulting directly from stock splits, dividends, distributions or similar events including, without limitation, the type of
conversion price adjustments customarily found in a firm commitment Rule 144A offering to qualified institutional buyers. 
 Section 6.09. Corporate Existence. The Company shall take all steps necessary to preserve and continue the corporate existence of the Company; provided, however, that nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to
prohibit the Company from engaging in any Excluded Merger or Sale with another Person provided that in the event of an Excluded Merger or Sale, if the surviving, successor or purchasing Person does not agree to assume the obligations under
the Warrant, then the Company shall deliver a notice to the Investor at least ten (10) days before the consummation of such Excluded Merger or Sale, the Investor may exercise the Warrant at any time before the consummation of such Excluded
Merger or Sale (and such exercise may be made contingent upon the consummation of such Excluded Merger or Sale), and any portion of the Warrant that has not been exercised before consummation of such Excluded Merger or Sale shall terminate and
expire, and shall no longer be outstanding. 
 Section 6.10. Non-Disclosure of Non-Public Information. Except as otherwise
expressly provided in this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or the Warrant, none of the Company, its officers, directors, employees nor agents shall disclose material non-public information to the Investor, its advisors or
representatives. 
 Section 6.11. Notice of Certain Events Affecting Registration; Suspension of Right to Request a Draw Down.
The Company shall promptly notify the Investor upon the occurrence of any of the following events in respect of the Registration Statement or the Prospectus related to the offer, issuance and sale of the Shares and the Warrant Shares hereunder:
(i) receipt of any request for additional information by the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority during the period of effectiveness of the Registration Statement for amendments or supplements to the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus; (ii) the issuance by the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that
purpose; and (iii) receipt of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any
proceeding for such purpose. The Company shall not be required to disclose to the Investor the substance or specific reasons of any of the events set forth in clauses (i) through (iii) of the previous sentence, only that the event has
occurred. The Company shall not request a Draw Down during the continuation of any of the foregoing events. 
 Section 6.12.
Amendments to the Registration Statement. When the Registration Statement is declared effective by the Commission, the Company shall (i) not file any amendment to the Registration Statement or make any amendment or supplement to the
Prospectus of which the Investor shall not previously have been advised or to which the Investor shall reasonably object after being so advised; provided, however, that the Company shall, to the extent it deems advisable, and without
the prior consent of or notice to Investor, supplement the Prospectus within one Trading Day following the Settlement Date for each Draw Down solely to reflect the issuance of Shares with respect to such Draw Down and (ii) so long as, in the
reasonable opinion of counsel for the Investor, a Prospectus is required to be delivered in connection with sales of the Shares by the Investor, if the Company files any information, documents or reports that are incorporated by reference in the
Registration Statement pursuant to the Exchange Act, the Company shall deliver a copy of such information, documents or reports to the Investor promptly following such filing. 
  

 17 








 Section 6.13. Prospectus Delivery. From time to time for such period as in the reasonable
opinion of counsel for the Investor a prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with sales by the Investor, the Company will expeditiously deliver to the Investor, without charge, as many copies of the Prospectus
(and of any amendment or supplement thereto) as the Investor may reasonably request. The Company consents to the use of the Prospectus (and of any amendment or supplement thereto) in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act and state
securities laws in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares and the Warrant Shares and for such period of time thereafter as the Prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Shares and the
Warrant Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Company be under any obligation to supplement the Prospectus or to reflect the issuance of any Shares pursuant to a Draw Down or deliver any Prospectus as so supplemented at any
time prior to the Trading Day following the Settlement Date with respect to such Shares. 
 ARTICLE VII 
 CONDITIONS TO THE OBLIGATION OF THE INVESTOR TO ACCEPT A DRAW DOWN 
 The obligation of the Investor hereunder to accept a Draw Down Notice and to acquire and pay for the Shares in accordance therewith is subject to the satisfaction or waiver, at each Condition Satisfaction Date, of
each of the conditions set forth below. Other than those conditions set forth in Section 7.12 which are for the Company’s sole benefit and may be waived by the Company at any time in its sole discretion, the conditions are for the
Investor’s sole benefit and may be waived by the Investor at any time in its sole discretion. As used in this Agreement, the term “Condition Satisfaction Date” shall mean, with respect to each Draw Down, the date on which the
applicable Draw Down Notice is delivered to the Investor and each Settlement Date in respect of the applicable Draw Down Pricing Period. 
 Section 7.01. Accuracy of the Company’s Representations and Warranties. Each of the representations and warranties of the Company shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date when made as though made at
that time except for representations and warranties that are expressly made as of a particular date. 
 Section 7.02. Performance by
the Company. The Company shall have, in all material respects, performed, satisfied and complied with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the Warrant to be performed,
satisfied or complied with by the Company. 
 Section 7.03. Compliance with Law. The Company shall have complied in all material
respects with all applicable federal, state and local governmental laws, rules, regulations and ordinances in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
except for any failures to so comply which could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 Section 7.04.
Effective Registration Statement. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement, the Registration Statement shall have previously become effective and shall remain effective and (i) neither
the Company nor the Investor shall have received notice that the Commission has issued or intends to issue a stop order with respect to the Registration Statement or that the Commission otherwise has suspended or withdrawn the effectiveness of the
Registration Statement, either temporarily or permanently, or intends or has threatened to do so (unless the Commission’s concerns have been addressed and the Investor is reasonably satisfied that the Commission no longer is considering or
intends to take such action), and (ii) no other suspension of the use or withdrawal of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall exist. 
  

 18 








 Section 7.05. No Knowledge. The Company shall have no Knowledge of any event that could
reasonably be expected to have the effect of causing the Registration Statement with respect to the resale of the Registrable Securities by the Investor to be suspended or otherwise ineffective (which event is more likely than not to occur within
eight Trading Days following the Trading Day on which a Draw Down Notice is delivered). 
 Section 7.06. No Suspension. Trading
in the Company’s Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission, the Principal Market or the NASD and trading in securities generally as reported on the Principal Market shall not have been suspended or limited as of the Condition
Satisfaction Date. 
 Section 7.07. No Injunction. No statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction
shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed by any court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction which prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. 
 Section 7.08. No Proceedings or Litigation. No action, suit or proceeding before any arbitrator or any governmental authority shall have been
commenced, and no investigation by any governmental authority shall have been threatened, against the Company or any subsidiary, or any of the officers, directors or affiliates of the Company or any subsidiary seeking to enjoin, prevent or change
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. 
 Section 7.09. Sufficient Shares Registered for Resale. The Company shall have
sufficient Shares, calculated using the closing trade price of the Common Stock as of the Trading Day immediately preceding such Draw Down Notice, registered under the Registration Statement to issue and sell such Shares in accordance with such Draw
Down Notice. 
 Section 7.10. Warrant. The Warrant shall have been duly executed, delivered and issued to the Investor, and the
Company shall not be in default in any material respect under any of the provisions thereof, provided that any refusal by or failure of the Company to issue and deliver Warrant Shares in respect of any exercise (in whole or in part) thereof
shall be deemed to be material for the purposes of this Section 7.10. 
 Section 7.11. Opinion of Counsel. The Investor
shall have received an opinion of counsel to the Company, dated as of the Effective Date, in the form reasonably agreed to by the Investor and its counsel prior to the date hereof. 
 Section 7.12. Accuracy of Investor’s Representation and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Investor shall be true and
correct in all material respects as of the date when made as though made at that time except for representations and warranties that are made as of a particular date. 
 Section 7.13. Payment of Fees. The Company shall be current on all undisputed expense invoices that the Company is required to pay pursuant to Section 10.01. 
 ARTICLE VIII 
 TERMINATION

 Section 8.01. Term. Unless otherwise terminated in accordance with Section 8.02 below, this Agreement shall terminate
upon the earlier to occur of (i) the expiration of the Commitment Period or (ii) the issuance of Shares pursuant to this Agreement in an amount equal to the Maximum Commitment Amount. 
  

 19 








 Section 8.02. Other Termination. 
 (a) The Investor may terminate this Agreement upon (x) one (1) day’s notice if the Company enters into any Prohibited Transaction as set
forth in Section 6.08 without the Investor’s prior written consent, or (y) one (1) day’s notice within ten (10) Trading Days after the Investor obtains actual knowledge that an event resulting in a Material Adverse
Effect has occurred. 
 (b) The Investor may terminate this Agreement upon one (1) day’s notice to the Company at any time in the
event that the Registration Statement is not declared effective in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement; provided, however, that in the event the Registration Statement is declared effective prior to the delivery of such
notice, the Investor shall thereafter have no right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 8.02(b). 
 (c) The Company may
terminate this Agreement upon one (1) day’s notice; provided, however, that the Company shall not terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 8.02(c) during any Draw Down Pricing Period; provided
further; that, in the event of any termination of this Agreement by the Company hereunder, so long as the Investor owns Shares purchased hereunder and/or Warrant Shares, unless all of such shares of Common Stock may be resold by the Investor
without registration and without any time, volume or manner limitations pursuant to Rule 144(k) (or any similar provision then in effect) under the Securities Act, the Company shall not suspend or withdraw the Registration Statement or
otherwise cause the Registration Statement to become ineffective, or voluntarily delist the Common Stock from, the Principal Market without listing the Common Stock on another Principal Market. 
 (d) Each of the parties hereto may terminate this Agreement upon one (1) day’s notice if the other party has breached a material
representation, warranty or covenant to this Agreement and such breach is not remedied within ten (10) Trading Days after notice of such breach is delivered to the breaching party. 
 (e) The obligation of the Investor to purchase shares of Common Stock shall terminate permanently in the event that the Commission shall issue any stop
order concerning, or suspend the effectiveness of, the Registration Statement for an aggregate of sixty (60) calendar days during the Commitment Period. 
 Section 8.03. Effect of Termination. In the event of termination by the Company or the Investor, written notice thereof shall forthwith be given to the other party and the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement shall be terminated without further action by either party. If this Agreement is terminated as provided in Section 8.01 or 8.02 herein, this Agreement shall become void and of no further force and effect, except as provided in
Section 10.13. Nothing in this Section 8.03 shall be deemed to release the Company or the Investor from any liability for any breach under this Agreement occurring prior to such termination, or to impair the rights of the Company and the
Investor to compel specific performance by the other party of its obligations under this Agreement arising prior to such termination. 
  

 20 








 ARTICLE IX 
 INDEMNIFICATION 
 Section 9.01. Indemnification. 
 (a) Except as otherwise provided in this Article IX, unless disputed as set forth in Section 9.02, the Company agrees to indemnify, defend and
hold harmless the Investor and its affiliates and their respective officers, directors, agents, employees, subsidiaries, partners, members and controlling persons (each, an “Investor Indemnified Party”), to the fullest extent
permitted by law from and against any and all Damages directly resulting from or directly arising out of any breach of any representation or warranty, covenant or agreement by the Company in this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or the
Warrant; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable under this Article IX to an Investor Indemnified Party to the extent that such Damages resulted or arose from the breach by an Investor Indemnified Party of any
representation, warranty, covenant or agreement of an Investor Indemnified Party contained in this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or the Warrant or the gross negligence, recklessness, willful misconduct or bad faith of an Investor
Indemnified Party. The parties intend that any Damages subject to indemnification pursuant to this Article IX will be net of insurance proceeds (which the Investor Indemnified Party agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to recover).
Accordingly, the amount which the Company is required to pay to any Investor Indemnified Party hereunder (a “Company Indemnity Payment”) will be reduced by any insurance proceeds actually recovered by or on behalf of any Investor
Indemnified Party in reduction of the related Damages. In addition, if an Investor Indemnified Party receives a Company Indemnity Payment required by this Article IX in respect of any Damages and subsequently receives any such insurance
proceeds, then the Investor Indemnified Party will pay to the Company an amount equal to the Company Indemnity Payment received less the amount of the Company Indemnity Payment that would have been due if the insurance proceeds had been received,
realized or recovered before the Company Indemnity Payment was made. 
 (b) Except as otherwise provided in this Article IX, unless
disputed as set forth in Section 9.02, the Investor agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company and its affiliates and their respective officers, directors, agents, employees, subsidiaries, partners, members and controlling
persons (each, a “Company Indemnified Party”), to the fullest extent permitted by law from and against any and all Damages directly resulting from or directly arising out of any breach of any representation or warranty, covenant or
agreement by the Investor in this Agreement, the Registration Right Agreement or the Warrant; provided, however, that the Investor shall not be liable under this Article IX to a Company Indemnified Party to the extent that such
Damages resulted or arose from the breach by a Company Indemnified Party of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement of a Company Indemnified Party contained in this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or the Warrant or gross
negligence, recklessness, willful misconduct or bad faith of a Company Indemnified Party. The parties intend that any Damages subject to indemnification pursuant to this Article IX will be net of insurance proceeds (which the Company agrees to
use commercially reasonable efforts to recover). Accordingly, the amount which the Investor is required to pay to any Company Indemnified Party hereunder (an “Investor Indemnity Payment”) will be reduced by any insurance proceeds
theretofore actually recovered by or on behalf of any Company Indemnified Party in reduction of the related Damages. In addition, if a Company Indemnified Party receives an Investor Indemnity Payment required by this Article IX in respect of
any Damages and subsequently receives any such insurance proceeds, then the Company Indemnified Party will pay to the Investor an amount equal to the Investor Indemnity Payment received less the amount of the Investor Indemnity Payment that would
have been due if the insurance proceeds had been received, realized or recovered before the Investor Indemnity Payment was made. 
  

 21 








 Section 9.02. Notification of Claims for Indemnification. Each party entitled to
indemnification under this Article IX (an “Indemnified Party”) shall, promptly after the receipt of notice of the commencement of any claim against such Indemnified Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought from the
party obligated to indemnify such Indemnified Party under this Article IX (the “Indemnifying Party”), notify the Indemnifying Party in writing of the commencement thereof. Any such notice shall describe the claim in reasonable
detail. The failure of any Indemnified Party to so notify the Indemnifying Party of any such action shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party from any liability which it may have to such Indemnified Party (a) other than pursuant to this
Article IX or (b) under this Article IX unless, and only to the extent that, such failure results in the Indemnifying Party’s forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses or the Indemnifying Party is prejudiced by such delay. The
procedures listed below shall govern the procedures for the handling of indemnification claims. 
 (a) Any claim for indemnification for
Damages that do not result from a Third Party Claim as defined in the following paragraph, shall be asserted by written notice given by the Indemnified Party to the Indemnifying Party. Such Indemnifying Party shall have a period of thirty
(30) days after the receipt of such notice within which to respond thereto. If such Indemnifying Party does not respond within such thirty (30) day period, such Indemnifying Party shall be deemed to have refused to accept responsibility to
make payment as set forth in Section 9.01. If such Indemnifying Party does not respond within such thirty (30) day period or rejects such claim in whole or in part, the Indemnified Party shall be free to pursue such remedies as specified
in this Agreement. 
 (b) If an Indemnified Party shall receive notice or otherwise learn of the assertion by a person or entity not a party
to this Agreement of any threatened legal action or claim (collectively a “Third Party Claim”), with respect to which an Indemnifying Party may be obligated to provide indemnification, the Indemnified Party shall give such
Indemnifying Party written notice thereof within twenty (20) days after becoming aware of such Third Party Claim. 
 (c) An Indemnifying
Party may elect to defend (and, unless the Indemnifying Party has specified any reservations or exceptions, to seek to settle or compromise) at such Indemnifying Party’s own expense and by such Indemnifying Party’s own counsel, any Third
Party Claim. Within thirty (30) days after the receipt of notice from an Indemnified Party (or sooner if the nature of such Third Party Claim so requires), the Indemnifying Party shall notify the Indemnified Party whether the Indemnifying Party
will assume responsibility for defending such Third Party Claim, which election shall specify any reservations or exceptions. If such Indemnifying Party does not respond within such thirty (30) day period or rejects such claim in whole or in
part, the Indemnified Party shall be free to pursue such remedies as specified in this Agreement. In case any such Third Party Claim shall be brought against any Indemnified Party, and it shall notify the Indemnifying Party of the commencement
thereof, the Indemnifying Party shall be entitled to assume the defense thereof at its own expense, with counsel satisfactory to such Indemnified Party in its reasonable judgment; provided, however, that any Indemnified Party may, at its own
expense, retain separate counsel to participate in such defense at its own expense. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in any Third Party Claim in which both the Indemnifying Party, on the one hand, and an Indemnified Party, on the other hand, are, or
are reasonably likely to become, a party, such Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel and to control its own defense of such claim if, in the reasonable opinion of counsel to such Indemnified Party, either (x) one or
more significant defenses are available to the Indemnified Party that are not available to the Indemnifying Party or (y) a conflict or potential conflict exists between the Indemnifying Party, on the one hand, and such Indemnified Party, on the
other hand, that would make such separate representation advisable; provided, however, that in such circumstances the Indemnifying Party (i) shall not be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one counsel to all Indemnified
Parties and (ii) shall reimburse the Indemnified Parties for such reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel incurred in any such Third Party Claim, as such expenses are incurred, provided that the Indemnified Parties agree to repay
such amounts if it is ultimately determined that the 

  

 22 








 
Indemnifying Party was not obligated to provide indemnification under this Article IX. The Indemnifying Party agrees that it will not, without the prior
written consent of the Indemnified Party, settle, compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened claim relating to the matters contemplated hereby (if any Indemnified Party is a party thereto or has been actually
threatened to be made a party thereto) unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Party from all liability arising or that may arise out of such claim. The Indemnifying Party shall not be
liable for any settlement of any claim effected against an Indemnified Party without the Indemnifying Party’s written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. The rights accorded to an Indemnified Party
hereunder shall be in addition to any rights that any Indemnified Party may have at common law, by separate agreement or otherwise; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing or anything to the contrary contained in this
Agreement, nothing in this Article IX shall restrict or limit any rights that any Indemnified Party may have to seek equitable relief. 
 ARTICLE X 
 MISCELLANEOUS 
 Section 10.01. Fees and Expenses. 
 (a) Each of the Company and the Investor agrees to pay its
own expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder, except that the Company shall be solely responsible for (i) all reasonable attorneys fees and expenses incurred by the Investor in connection with (A) the preparation,
negotiation, execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the Warrant, and (B) the review, and assistance in preparation of, the Registration Statement, correspondence with the Commission and amendments and
supplements to the Registration Statement and Prospectus, (ii) all reasonable fees and expenses incurred by the Investor in connection with any amendments, modifications or waivers of this Agreement, including, without limitation, all
reasonable attorneys fees and expenses, (iii) all reasonable fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Investor’s enforcement of this Agreement, including, without limitation, all reasonable attorneys fees and expenses,
(iv) due diligence expenses incurred by the Investor during the term of this Agreement equal to $12,500 per calendar quarter, and (v) all stamp or other similar taxes and duties, if any, levied in connection with issuance of the Shares
pursuant hereto; provided, however, that in each of the above instances the Investor shall provide customary supporting invoices or similar documentation in reasonable detail describing such expenses (however, the Investor shall not be
obligated to provide detailed time sheets); provided further that the maximum aggregate amount payable by the Company pursuant to clause (i) above shall be $75,000 and the Investor shall bear all fees and expenses in excess of
$75,000 incurred in connection with the events described under clauses (i) and (ii) above. 
 (b) If any action at law or in equity
is necessary to enforce or interpret the terms of this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or the Warrant, the prevailing party shall be entitled to reasonable fees, costs and necessary disbursements in addition to any other relief to which
such party may be entitled. 
 Section 10.02. Reporting Entity for the Common Stock. The reporting entity relied upon for the
determination of the trading price or trading volume of the Common Stock on any given Trading Day for the purposes of this Agreement shall be Bloomberg, L.P. or any successor thereto. The written mutual consent of the Investor and the Company shall
be required to employ any other reporting entity. 
 Section 10.03. Brokerage. Each of the parties hereto represents that it has
had no dealings in connection with this transaction with any finder or broker who will demand payment of any fee or 

  

 23 








 
commission from the other party. The Company on the one hand, and the Investor, on the other hand, agree to indemnify the other against and hold the other
harmless from any and all liabilities to any Persons claiming brokerage commissions or finder’s fees on account of services purported to have been rendered on behalf of the indemnifying party in connection with this Agreement or the
transactions contemplated hereby. 
 Section 10.04. Notices. All notices, demands, requests, consents, approvals, and other
communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and, unless otherwise specified herein, shall be (i) personally served, (ii) deposited in the mail, registered or certified, return receipt requested, postage prepaid,
(iii) delivered by reputable air courier service with charges prepaid, or (iv) transmitted by hand delivery, telegram, or facsimile, addressed as set forth below or to such other address as such party shall have specified most recently by
written notice given in accordance herewith. Any notice or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be deemed effective (a) upon hand delivery or delivery by facsimile, with accurate confirmation generated by the
transmitting facsimile machine, at the address or number designated below (if delivered on a Trading Day during normal Trading hours where such notice is to be received), or the first Trading Day following such delivery (if delivered other than on a
Trading Day during normal Trading hours where such notice is to be received) or (b) on the second Trading Day following the date of mailing by express courier service, fully prepaid, addressed to such address, or upon actual receipt of such
mailing, whichever shall first occur. The addresses for such communications shall be: 
 If to the Company: 
 Attn: Margaret A. Horn 
 3832 Bay Center Place

 Hayward, CA 94545 
 Facsimile:
(510) 732-8401 
 with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: 
 Cooley Godward LLP: 
 Five Palo Alto Square

 3000 El Camino Real 
 Palo
Alto, CA 94306-2155 
 Facsimile: 650 849-7400 
 Attention: Suzanne Sawochka Hooper, Esq. 
 If to the Investor: 
 Kingsbridge Capital Limited 
 Attention:
Mr. Tony Hillman 
 PO Box 1075 
 Elizabeth House 
 9 Castle Street 
 St Helier 
 Jersey 
 JE42QP 
 Channel Islands 
 Tel: 011-44-1534-636-041 
 Fax: 011-44-1534-636-042 
 Email: admin@kingsbridgecap.com 
  

 24 








 With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: 
 Kingsbridge Corporate Services 
 Kingsbridge
House 
 New Abbey 
 Kilcullen

 Co.Kildare 
 Ireland

 Tel: 011-353-45-481-811 
 Fax:
011-353-45-482-003 
 Email: adamgurney@kingsbridge.ie; emmagalway@kingsbridge.ie, and pwhelan@kingsbridge.ie 
 And another a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: 
 Clifford Chance US LLP 
 31 West 52nd Street 
 New York, NY 10019 
 Telephone:
(212) 878-8000 
 Facsimile: (212) 878-8375 
 Attention: Keith M. Andruschak, Esq. 
 E-mail: keith.andruschak@cliffordchance.com 
 Either party hereto may from time to time change its address or facsimile number for notices under this Section by giving at least ten (10) days’ prior
written notice of such changed address or facsimile number to the other party hereto. 
 Section 10.05. Assignment. Neither this
Agreement nor any rights of the Investor or the Company hereunder may be assigned by either party to any other Person. 
 Section 10.06.
Amendment; No Waiver. No party shall be liable or bound to any other party in any manner by any warranties, representations or covenants except as specifically set forth in this Agreement, the Warrant and the Registration Rights Agreement.
Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, neither this Agreement nor any term hereof may be amended, waived, discharged or terminated other than by a written instrument signed by both parties hereto. The failure of the either party to insist
on strict compliance with this Agreement, or to exercise any right or remedy under this Agreement, shall not constitute a waiver of any rights provided under this Agreement, nor estop the parties from thereafter demanding full and complete
compliance nor prevent the parties from exercising such a right or remedy in the future. 
 Section 10.07. Entire Agreement. This
Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the Warrant set forth the entire agreement and understanding of the parties relating to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements, negotiations and
understandings between the parties, both oral and written, relating to the subject matter hereof. 
 Section 10.08. Severability.
In the event that any provision of this Agreement becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, unenforceable or void, this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect without said provision; provided that,
if the severance of such provision materially changes the economic benefits of this Agreement to either party as such benefits are anticipated as of the date hereof, then such party may terminate this Agreement on five (5) Trading Days 

  

 25 








 
prior written notice to the other party. In such event, the Registration Rights Agreement will terminate simultaneously with the termination of this
Agreement; provided that in the event that this Agreement is terminated by the Company in accordance with this Section 10.08 and the Warrant Shares either have not been registered for resale by the Investor in accordance with the Registration
Rights Agreement or are otherwise not freely tradable (if and when issued) in accordance with applicable law, then the Registration Rights Agreement in respect of the registration of the Warrant Shares shall remain in full force and effect.

 Section 10.09. Title and Subtitles. The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are used for the convenience of reference
and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement. 
 Section 10.10. Counterparts. This Agreement may be
executed in multiple counterparts, each of which may be executed by less than all of the parties and shall be deemed to be an original instrument which shall be enforceable against the parties actually executing such counterparts and all of which
together shall constitute one and the same instrument. 
 Section 10.11. Choice of Law. This Agreement shall be construed under
the laws of the State of New York. 
 Section 10.12. Specific Enforcement, Consent to Jurisdiction. 
 (a) The Company and the Investor acknowledge and agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were
not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent or cure breaches of the provisions of this Agreement and to
enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof or thereof, this being in addition to any other remedy to which any of them may be entitled by law or equity. 
 (b) Subject to Section 9.03, each of the Company and the Investor (i) hereby irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court and other courts of the United States sitting in the
State of New York for the purposes of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and (ii) hereby waives, and agrees not to assert in any such suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally
subject to the jurisdiction of such court, that the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of the suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each of the Company and the Investor consents to process being served
in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof.
Nothing in this Section shall affect or limit any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. 
 Section 10.13.
Survival. The representations and warranties of the Company and the Investor contained in Articles IV and V of this Agreement and the covenants contained in Article V, VI and X of this Agreement shall survive the execution and
delivery hereof and the Closing until the termination of this Agreement, and the agreements and covenants set forth in Article VIII and Article IX of this Agreement shall survive the execution and delivery hereof and the Closing hereunder.

 Section 10.14. Publicity. Except as otherwise required by applicable law or regulation, or Nasdaq rule or judicial process,
prior to the Closing, neither the Company nor the Investor shall issue any press release or otherwise make any public statement or announcement with respect to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby or the existence of this
Agreement. In the event the Company is required by law, regulation, Nasdaq rule or judicial process, based upon reasonable advice of the Company’s inside or outside counsel, to issue a press release or otherwise make a public statement or


  

 26 








 
announcement with respect to this Agreement prior to the Closing, the Company shall consult with the Investor on the form and substance of such press
release, statement or announcement. Promptly after the Closing, each party may issue a press release or otherwise make a public statement or announcement with respect to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby or the existence of this
Agreement; provided that, prior to issuing any such press release, making any such public statement or announcement, the party wishing to make such release, statement or announcement consults and cooperates in good faith with the other party
in order to formulate such press release, public statement or announcement in form and substance reasonably acceptable to both parties. 
 Section 10.15. Further Assurances. From and after the date of this Agreement, upon the request of the Investor or the Company, each of the Company and the Investor shall execute and deliver such instruments, documents and other
writings as may be reasonably necessary or desirable to confirm and carry out and to effectuate fully the intent and purposes of this Agreement. 
 Section 10.16. Absence of Presumption. This Agreement shall be construed without regard to any presumption or rule requiring construction or interpretation against the party drafting or causing any instrument to be drafted.

 [Remainder of this page intentionally left blank] 
  

 27 








 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective
authorized officer as of the date first written. 
  

			
	KINGSBRIDGE CAPITAL LIMITED
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Adam Gurney

		 	Adam Gurney
		 	Director
	
	KOSAN BIOSCIENCES INCORPORATED
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Robert G. Johnson, Jr.

		 	Robert G. Johnson, Jr., M.D., Ph.D.,
		 	Chief Executive Officer


  

 28 








 Exhibit A 
 Form of Registration Rights Agreement 







 Exhibit B 
 Form of Warrant 







 Exhibit C 
 Officer’s Certificate 
 I, [NAME OF OFFICER], do hereby certify to Kingsbridge Capital Limited (the
“Investor”), with respect to the common stock of Kosan Biosciences Incorporated (the “Company”) issuable in connection with the Draw Down Notice, dated
                                        
(the “Notice”) attached hereto and delivered pursuant to Article III of the Common Stock Purchase Agreement, dated
[                        ], 2006 (the “Agreement”), by and between the Company and the Investor, as
follows (capitalized terms used but undefined herein have the meanings given to such terms in the Agreement): 
 1. I am the duly elected
[OFFICER] of the Company. 
 2. The representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Article IV of the Agreement are true and
correct in all material respects as though made on and as of the date hereof (except for such representations and warranties that are made as of a particular date). 
 3. The Company has performed in all material respects all covenants and agreements to be performed by the Company on or prior to the date hereof related to the Notice and has satisfied each of the conditions to the
obligation of the Investor set forth in Article VII of the Agreement. 
 4. In accordance with the prior request and agreement of the
Investor, the Shares issuable in respect of the Notice will be delivered without restrictive legend via book entry through the Depositary Trust Company to an account designated by the Investor. 
 The undersigned has executed this Certificate this          day of
                    , 200[  ]. 
  

			
	  

	Name:	 	
	Title