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(Adopted March 6, 2009) 

PROPOSED RULE 1144 VANISHING OILS AND RUST INHIBITORS 

(a) Purpose 

The purpose of Rule 1144 is to reduce volatile organic compound (VOC) 

emissions from the use of vanishing oils and rust inhibitors at industrial facilities. 

(b) Applicability 

The rule applies to all persons who use vanishing oils and rust inhibitors that 

come into direct contact with products and parts during manufacture and 

assembly; and all manufacturers and suppliers who supply, sell, or offer for sale 

vanishing oils and rust inhibitors for use at industrial facilities. This rule shall 

apply to all VOC containing fluids used for metal working, metal removal or 

lubricating operations where the vanishing oil comes into direct contact with 

products and parts including, but not limited to, broaching, cutting, drilling, 

drawing, forming, forging, grinding, heading, honing, lapping, milling, 

quenching, rolling, stamping, tapping, threading, turning and wire drawing. The 

rule also applies to VOC containing fluids used for rust and corrosion prevention 

and inhibition during the manufacture and assembly of products and parts. The 

provisions of this rule shall not apply to repair, maintenance or research 

operations. 

(c) Definitions 

For the purpose of this rule, the following definitions shall apply: 

(1) ASSEMBLED AIRCRAFT is any machine that is a complete vehicle, 

assembly of parts at an aircraft assembly facility or major partial section 

including wheel wells, fuselage sections, pressure decks, wings, blades or 

cockpit, designed to travel through the air, without leaving the earth’s 

atmosphere, including airplanes, balloons, dirigibles, helicopters and 

missiles. 

(2) DIRECT-CONTACT LUBRICANT is a fluid that comes into direct 

contact with the product or part during manufacturing or assembly and is 

used to reduce heat and friction and to prolong the life of machine tools 

and machinery.

(3) EXEMPT COMPOUND is as defined in Rule 102. 
Rule 1144 (Cont.) (Adopted March 6, 2009)

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(4) GRAMS OF VOC PER LITER OF MATERIAL is the weight of VOC per 

volume of material and can be calculated by the following equation: 

Grams of VOC per liter of material = 

WW W s w es − −

V m

Where: Ws = Weight of volatile compounds in grams 

Ww = Weight of water in grams 

Wes = Weight of exempt compounds in grams 

Vm = Volume of material in liters 

(5) LAPPING is a manufacturing method that employs particles of an 

abrasive material, suspended in a liquid carrier, between rotating plates. 

(6) MANUFACTURING is the use of tools and labor to make things for sale. 

(7) METAL WORKING FLUID is a fluid functioning in the tool and 

workpiece interface used to improve product quality and carry away debris 

and may consist of straight oils, soluble oils and synthetic and semisynthetic fluids. 

(8) RUST INHIBITOR is an inhibitor, preventative or protectant used to 

prevent the corrosion of metal surfaces. It is applied independently of any 

metal working, metal removal, lubricating or cleaning application. 

(9) SINKER ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING (EDM) is a 

method of removing material by a series of rapid recurring electric arcing 

discharges between an electrode and the workpiece, in the presence of an 

energetic electric field, in an insulating oil. 

(10) SPACE VEHICLE is a vehicle designed to travel beyond the earth’s 

atmosphere. 

(11) SOLICIT is to require for use or to specify, by written or oral contract. 

(12) VANISHING OIL is a direct-contact lubricant, metal working fluid or oil 

with a flash point less than 200 °F (93°C). 

(13) VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) is as defined in Rule 102. 

(d) Requirements 

(1) VOC Content
Rule 1144 (Cont.) (Adopted March 6, 2009)

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A person shall not use or solicit the use of any vanishing oil or rust 

inhibitor that has a VOC content in excess of the limits contained in Table 

A of this paragraph: 

Table A – Fluid Categories and VOC Limits

EFFECTIVE

1/1/2010 

EFFECTIVE

1/1/2012 

FLUID VOC 

g/l 

(lb/gal) 

VOC 

g/l 

(lb/gal) 

(A) Vanishing Oil 

50 

(0.42) 

(B) Rust Inhibitor 

300 

(2.50) 

50 

(0.42) 

(2) Prohibition of Sale 

(A) No person shall manufacture for use, offer for sale, sell or 

distribute directly to a person any vanishing oil or rust inhibitor for 

use in the District which, at the time of sale or manufacture, 

contains more VOC per liter of material after recommended 

dilution, and after the effective date, as listed in Table A. 

(B) The prohibition of sale shall not apply to any manufacturer or 

supplier of vanishing oil or rust inhibitor provided: 

(i) The product was sold to an independent distributor that was 

informed in writing by the manufacturer about the 

compliance status of the product with Rule 1144. 

(3) Sell-Through Provision 

 Any vanishing oil or rust inhibitor that is manufactured prior to the 

effective date of the applicable limit, and that has a VOC content above 

that limit (but not above the limit in effect on the date of manufacture), 

may be sold, supplied, offered for sale, or applied for up to six months 

after the specified effective date. 

(e) Control Equipment 

In lieu of complying with the requirements of subdivision (d), a person may 

operate an emission control system provided: 
Rule 1144 (Cont.) (Adopted March 6, 2009)

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(1) The control device reduces VOC emissions from an emission collection 

system by at least 95 percent by weight or the output of the air pollution 

control device is no more than 5 PPM VOC by volume calculated as 

carbon with no dilution; and 

(2) The emission collection system has been demonstrated to collect at least 

90 percent by weight of the VOC emissions generated by the sources of 

VOC emission. 

(f) Administrative Requirements 

(1) Effective January 1, 2010, containers, for sale or distribution, of any 

vanishing oil or rust inhibitor subject to this rule shall display the date of 

manufacture of the contents or a code indicating the date of manufacture. 

The manufacturers of such vanishing oils or rust inhibitors shall file with 

the Executive Officer of the District an explanation of each code. 

(g) Recordkeeping Requirements 

(1) Records shall be maintained pursuant to Rule 109 for all applications 

subject to this rule. Vanishing oils and rust inhibitors that contain 50 

grams of VOC per liter of material or less shall be considered Super 

Compliant Materials per Rule 109 (b)(6). 

(2) Any person using an emissions control system as a means of complying 

with this rule shall maintain daily records of all key system parameters, 

including hours of operation, temperatures, pressures and flow rates, that 

are necessary to ensure control efficiency requirements. 

(3) Manufacturers utilizing the provision of subparagraph (d)(2)(B) shall 

maintain notification letters for five (5) years, which shall be made 

available to the Executive Officer or designee upon request. 

(h) Test Methods and Procedures 

The following test methods and procedures shall be used to determine compliance 

with this rule. Other applicable test methods may be used if they are determined 

to be equivalent and approved in writing by the Executive Officer, the California 

Air Resources Board and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

(1) Determination of VOC Content 

(A) USEPA Reference Method 24 (Code of Federal Regulations Title 

40 Part 60, Appendix A). The exempt solvent content shall be 

determined by SCAQMD Method 303 (Determination of Exempt 
Rule 1144 (Cont.) (Adopted March 6, 2009)

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Compounds) contained in the SCAQMD "Laboratory Methods of 

Analysis for Enforcement Samples" manual; or, 

(B) SCAQMD Method 304 [Determination of Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOCs) in Various Materials] contained in the 

SCAQMD "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforcement 

Samples" manual. 

(C) Exempt Perfluorocarbon Compounds 

The following classes of compounds: 

cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated alkanes; 

cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated ethers 

with no unsaturations; 

cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated tertiary 

amines with no unsaturations; and 

sulfur-containing perfluorocarbons with no unsaturations 

and with sulfur bonds only to carbon and fluorine, 

will be analyzed as exempt compounds for compliance with 

paragraph (d), only when manufacturers specify which individual 

compounds are used in the coating formulation. In addition, the 

manufacturers must identify the USEPA, CARB, and the 

SCAQMD approved test methods used to quantify the amount of 

each exempt compound. 

(2) Determination of Flash Point 

ASTM D93 - 07 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by PenskyMartens Closed Cup Tester. 

(3) Determination of Efficiency of Emission Control System 

(A) The capture efficiency of an emission control system shall be 

determined by verifying the use of a Permanent Total Enclosure 

(PTE) and 100% capture efficiency as defined by U.S. EPA 

Method 204 “Criteria for and Verification of a Permanent or 

Temporary Total Enclosure.” Alternatively, if a U.S. EPA Method 

204 defined PTE is not employed, capture efficiency shall be 

determined using a minimum of three sampling runs subject to data 

quality criteria presented in U.S. EPA technical guidance 

document “Guidelines for Determination Capture Efficiency, 

January 9, 1995.” Individual capture efficiency test runs subject to 

the U.S. EPA technical guidelines shall be determined by: 
Rule 1144 (Cont.) (Adopted March 6, 2009)

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(i) The Temporary Total Enclosure (TTE) approach of U.S. 

EPA Method 204 through 204F; or 

(ii) The SCAQMD “Protocol for Determination of Volatile 

organic Compounds (VOCs) Capture efficiency.” 

(B) The efficiency of the control device and the VOC content 

measured and calculated as carbon in the control device exhaust 

gases shall be determined by U.S. EPA's Test Method 18, or Air 

Resources Board (ARB) Method 422 for the determination of 

emissions of Exempt Compounds and U.S. EPA's Test Methods 

25, 25A, SCAQMD Method 25.1 for the determination of Total 

Gaseous Non-Methane Organic Emissions as Carbon, or 

SCAQMD Method 25.3 for the determination of Low 

Concentration Non-Methane Non-Ethane Organic Compound 

Emissions from Clean Fueled Combustion Sources, as applicable. 

(C) The overall efficiency of an emission control system shall be 

determined using the following equation: 

Overall Efficiency 

 = (Capture Efficiency) x (Control Equipment Efficiency)/100 

(i) Exemptions 

(1) Paragraph (d)(2) and subdivision (f) shall not apply to vanishing oils and 

rust inhibitors subject to the California Air Resources Board consumer 

products regulation found in Title 17 of the California Code of 

Regulations, beginning at Section 94507. 

(2) Until January 1, 2011, paragraph (d)(1) shall not apply to vanishing oils 

and rust inhibitors subject to the California Air Resources Board consumer 

products regulation found in Title 17 of the California Code of 

Regulations, beginning at Section 94507. 

(3) The provisions of this rule shall not apply to vanishing oils and rust 

inhibitors sold in this District for shipment outside of this District or for 

shipment to other manufacturers for repackaging. 

(4) The provisions of subdivisions (d) and (f) of this rule shall not apply to 

vanishing oils and rust inhibitors subject to VOC limits in other 

Regulation XI rules. 

(5) The provisions of subdivision (d) shall not apply to the following 

operations: 
Rule 1144 (Cont.) (Adopted March 6, 2009)

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 (A) Lapping; 

 (B) Sinker EDM; 

 (C) Rust inhibitors and vanishing oils applied to avionics and 

assembled aircraft; 

 (D) Space vehicle components; 

 (E) Fluids utilizing the control device option in subdivision (e); 

(F) Until January 1, 2011, rust inhibitors used in association with a 

military specification, military standard, Department of Defense 

document or Production Part Approval Process (PPAP). The 

specifications for the part shall be made available to the Executive 

Officer upon request.