Drug and Alcohol Services Information System Series: S-6

Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS):

1997

Data on Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities

Office of Applied Studies

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
OFFICE OF APPLIED STUDIES

Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS): 1997

Data on Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
ii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This publication was developed for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

(SAMHSA), Office of Applied Studies (OAS), by Synectics for Management Decisions, Inc.,

Arlington, Virginia, under Contract No. 283-97-9001. Significant contributors at Synectics for

Management Decisions, Inc., include Leigh Henderson, Christian Evans, and Peter Hurley (Project

Director). The report benefitted greatly from reviews by OAS staff Patricia Royston, Sarah Duffy,

Anita Gadzuk, Charlene Lewis, Nancy Pearce, Albert Woodward, and Deborah Trunzo (Project

Officer), and by Synectics staff Elizabeth Walter. 

PUBLIC DOMAIN NOTICE

All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied

without permission from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Citation

of the source is appreciated.

COPIES OF THE PUBLICATION

Copies may be obtained, free of charge, from the National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug

Information (NCADI). The NCADI is a service of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services

Administration (SAMHSA). Write or call NCADI at: 

National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information (NCADI)

P.O. Box 2345

Rockville, MD 20847-2345

(301) 468-2600 1-800-729-6686 TDD: 1-800-487-4889

ELECTRONIC ACCESS TO PUBLICATION

This publication can be accessed electronically through the Internet World Wide Web connections

listed below:

World Wide Web Internet Connections: http://www.samhsa.gov

http://www.health.org

ORIGINATING OFFICE

SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies

5600 Fishers Lane, Room 16-105

Rockville, Maryland 20857

June 1999
iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS CLICK ON TOPIC TO GO TO PAGE

List of Tables .............................................................. . v

List of Figures ........................................................... . viii

Highlights ................................................................ . 1

Chapter 1. Description of the Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) ...................... . 2

Introduction ............................................................ . 2

UFDS in the Context of DASIS ............................................. . 3

NMFI-Imposed Constraints on UFDS ........................................ . 4

Unit of response ...................................................... . 4

Scope of facilities included .............................................. . 4

Procedures for the 1997 UFDS ............................................. . 5

Survey universe ...................................................... . 5

Content ............................................................ . 5

Data collection ....................................................... . 6

Forms accounting and response rate ....................................... . 6

Quality assurance ..................................................... . 6

Item non-response .................................................... . 6

Profile of Responding Facilities ............................................. . 7

Further Data Considerations and Limitations ................................... . 7

Organization of the Report ................................................. . 8

Terminology ........................................................... . 8

Chapter 2. Trends in Facility and Client Characteristics ............................. . 11

Facility Characteristics ................................................... . 13

Client Characteristics .................................................... . 13

Chapter 3. Facility Characteristics and Services ................................... . 19

Facility Ownership and Organizational Setting ................................. . 19

Clients in Treatment ..................................................... . 19

Programs for Special Groups .............................................. . 20

Services Offered ....................................................... . 21

Beds Available for Substance Abuse Treatment ................................ . 21

Revenue .............................................................. . 21
iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) CLICK ON TOPIC TO GO TO PAGE

Chapter 4. Client Characteristics .............................................. . 35

Clients by Facility Ownership and Organizational Setting ......................... . 35

Clients by Type of Care .................................................. . 35

Clients by Substance of Abuse ............................................. . 36

Client Demographics .................................................... . 36

Clients Receiving Opioid Substitutes ........................................ . 36

Chapter 5. State Data ...................................................... . 45

Survey Response ....................................................... . 45

Facilities and Clients .................................................... . 45

Clients in Treatment per 100,000 Population .................................. . 45

Appendix A. UFDS 1997 Questionnaire ........................................ . 67

Appendix B. Organizational Setting ........................................... . 81

Appendix C. Revenue Imputation Methodology .................................. . 87

Editing/Manual Imputation of Total Revenue .................................. . 87

Auxiliary Variables ..................................................... . 88

Overview of Imputation Procedure ......................................... . 88

Profile of Imputation Results .............................................. . 89
v

LIST OF TABLES CLICK ON TOPIC TO GO TO PAGE

Chapter 1

1.1 Forms accounting and response rate: UFDS 1997 ............................ . 6

1.2 Facility function: UFDS 1997 ............................................ . 9

Chapter 2

2.1 Substance abuse treatment facilities 

by ownership, organizational setting, and clients in treatment: 1990-1997 .......... . 16

2.2 Substance abuse treatment clients 

by sex, race/ethnicity, age group, and type of care: 1990-1997 .................. . 17

Chapter 3

3.1a Substance abuse treatment facilities by ownership, 

according to organizational setting: October 1, 1997 ......................... . 23

3.1b Substance abuse treatment facilities by organizational setting, 

according to ownership: October 1, 1997 .................................. . 24

3.2 Substance abuse treatment facilities by number of clients in treatment 

per facility, according to ownership and organizational setting: 

October 1, 1997 ..................................................... . 25

3.3 Substance abuse treatment facilities offering programs for special groups, 

by ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 ..................... . 26

3.4 Substance abuse treatment facilities offering specified services, 

by ownership: October 1, 1997 ......................................... . 27

3.5 Substance abuse treatment facilities offering specified services,

by organizational setting: October 1, 1997 ................................. . 29
vi

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) CLICK ON TOPIC TO GO TO PAGE

3.6 Substance abuse treatment facilities with residential beds available 

for substance abuse treatment, by utilization rate, 

according to ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 .............. . 32

3.7 Substance abuse treatment facilities with hospital inpatient beds available 

for substance abuse treatment, by utilization rate, 

according to ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 .............. . 33

3.8 Annual facility revenue and revenue source

by ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 ..................... . 34

Chapter 4

4.1a Substance abuse treatment clients by facility ownership, 

according to organizational setting: October 1, 1997 ......................... . 37

4.1b Substance abuse treatment clients by organizational setting, 

according to facility ownership: October 1, 1997 ............................ . 38

4.2a Substance abuse treatment clients by type of care, 

according to facility ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 ........ . 39

4.2b Substance abuse treatment clients by facility ownership and organizational

setting, according to type of care: October 1, 1997 .......................... . 40

4.3 Substance abuse treatment clients by substance of abuse, 

according to facility ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 ........ . 41

4.4 Substance abuse treatment clients by sex, race/ethnicity, and age, 

according to type of care: October 1, 1997 ................................. . 42

4.5 Substance abuse treatment clients receiving opioid substitutes, 

by facility ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 ................ . 43

Chapter 5

5.1 Forms accounting and response rate by State or jurisdiction: 

UFDS 1997 ........................................................ . 47
vii

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) CLICK ON TOPIC TO GO TO PAGE

5.2 Substance abuse treatment facilities and clients in treatment, 

by State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 .................................. . 49

5.3 Clients in treatment per 100,000 population aged 12 and over

by substance abuse problem, according to State or jurisdiction: 

October 1, 1997 ..................................................... . 50

5.4 Substance abuse treatment facilities by ownership, 

according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 ........................... . 52

5.5 Substance abuse treatment facilities by organizational setting, 

according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 ........................... . 54

5.6 Substance abuse treatment clients by facility ownership, 

according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 ........................... . 56

5.7 Substance abuse treatment clients by organizational setting, 

according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 ........................... . 58

5.8 Substance abuse treatment clients by type of care, 

according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 ........................... . 60

5.9 Substance abuse treatment facilities with residential or 

hospital inpatient beds available for substance abuse treatment, 

by State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 .................................. . 62

5.10 Facilities dispensing opioid substitutes and substance abuse treatment 

clients receiving opioid substitutes, by State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 ....... . 64

Appendix Table 1 

Organizational setting: October 1, 1997 ...................................... . 83

Appendix Table 2

Auxiliary items used in imputation of total revenue ............................. . 89
viii

LIST OF FIGURES CLICK ON TOPIC TO GO TO PAGE

Figure 1 Numbers of facilities and clients in treatment: 1990-1997 .................. . 12

Figure 2 Clients in treatment by age group: 1990-1997 .......................... . 13

Figure 3 Clients in treatment by race/ethnicity: 1990-1997 ........................ . 14

Figure 4 Clients in treatment by type of care: 1990-1997 ......................... . 15

Figure 5 Residential and hospital inpatient utilization rates: October 1, 1997 .......... . 22

Figure 6 Clients in treatment per 100,000 population aged 12 and over, 

by State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 .............................. . 46
1

HIGHLIGHTS

his report presents results from the 1997 TUniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey,

an annual survey conducted by SAMHSA of Some facilities offered special programs for

facilities providing substance abuse treatment. high-risk or special-risk groups: 

UFDS is designed to measure the location,

characteristics, and use of alcoholism and drug ! Nearly half of the facilities provided proabuse treatment facilities and services through- grams for the dually diagnosed.

out the United States, the District of Columbia,

and other U.S. jurisdictions. Selected findings ! Thirty-nine percent of facilities offered

are given below. programs for adolescents. 

Trends in Client and Facility Characteristics

! Although males continue to predominate,

there was a small but fairly consistent in- ! Programs for pregnant or postpartum women

crease in the proportion of female clients, were offered by only 20 percent of facilities.

from 28 percent in 1990 to 32 percent in

1997.

! The proportion of clients who were under 18 ! Slightly over half (53 percent) of clients

increased, from a low of 5 percent in 1992 to receiving opioid substitutes were treated at

9 percent in 1997. Over that period, the private non-profit facilities; 31 percent were

proportion of clients aged 25 to 34 declined treated at private for-profit facilities. 

from 35 percent to 29 percent.

! The proportion of clients who were nonHispanic whites dropped from 62 percent in

1990 to 57 percent in 1997. There was a

parallel increase in the proportion of nonHispanic black clients, from 21 percent to 25

percent in 1997.

! The proportion of clients reported to receive

opioid substitutes (methadone or LAAM)

increased from about 9 percent in 1990 to 15

percent in 1997.

Facility Characteristics and Services

! About one quarter of facilities offered programs for persons with HIV/AIDS. 

Client Characteristics
2

CHAPTER 1

DESCRIPTION OF THE UNIFORM FACILITY DATA SET (UFDS)

Introduction

his report presents tabular information and treatment facilities were added, and the study Thighlights from the 1997 Uniform Facility

Data Set (UFDS) survey, conducted between Treatment Utilization Survey. This survey was

October 1997 and March 1998 for the reference repeated in 1980 and 1982. In 1984, a one-page

date of October 1, 1997. It was the 21 in a version was used (the National Alcoholism and

st

series of national surveys designed to measure Drug Abuse Program Inventory). In 1987, the

the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol- full version of the survey was reinstated, and it

ism and drug abuse treatment facilities and was renamed the National Drug and Alcoholism

services throughout the United States, the Dis- Treatment Unit Survey (NDATUS). NDATUS

trict of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions. was conducted annually from 1989-1993. In

1

UFDS is the responsibility of the Office of 1992, with the creation of SAMHSA, responsiApplied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental bility for conducting the survey shifted to

Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). SAMHSA’s Office of Applied Studies. The

UFDS has evolved from national survey efforts as the Uniform Facility Data Set survey beginbegun in the 1970s by the National Institute on ning in 1995.

Drug Abuse (NIDA) to measure the scope and

use of drug abuse treatment services in the UFDS is designed to collect information from

United States. The sixth of these surveys, con- each facility in the country that provides subducted in 1976, introduced the data elements stance abuse treatment, and from State-identiand format that have formed the core of subse- fied facilities providing other substance abuse

quent surveys. These include organizational services. UFDS includes private and publiclysetting, service orientation, services available, funded facilities. All facilities report identifying

clients in treatment by type of care, capacity, and information. Treatment facilities also report data

annual revenue sources and amounts. The 1976 on the type of services provided, numbers of

survey, called the National Drug Abuse Treat- clients, client demographics (i.e., age, sex, and

ment Utilization Survey, was repeated in 1977 race/ethnicity groups), other client characterisand 1978. In 1979, the National Institute on tics, capacity, and sources and amounts of

Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) be- revenue.

came a co-sponsor of the survey, alcoholism

was renamed the National Drug and Alcoholism

survey was redesigned, and conducted annually

2

 The jurisdictions include the territories of American to as “facilities”. This designation is consistent with the 1

Samoa and Guam, the Federated States of Micronesia, the title of the survey, although, as discussed below, a

Republic of Palau, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, “facility” may be a program-level, clinic-level, or multiand the Virgin Islands of the United States. site respondent. 

 In this report, entities responding to UFDS are referred 2
3

UFDS provides the mechanism for quantifying substance abuse treatment. A unique ID number

the dynamic character and composition of the assigned to the NMFI facility is used in the

U.S. substance abuse treatment delivery system. collection of facility-level data (UFDS) and

The UFDS objectives are: client-level data (TEDS) so that the three data

! to assist SAMHSA and State and local national- and State-level information on the

governments in assessing the nature and numbers and characteristics of individuals

extent of services of State-supported and admitted to alcohol and drug treatment and

other treatment facilities, and in forecasting describe the facilities that deliver care to those

treatment resource requirements; individuals.

! to update SAMHSA’s National Master The NMFI is the sampling universe for UFDS.

Facility Inventory (NMFI) of all known drug Facilities in the NMFI fall into four general

abuse and alcoholism treatment facilities and categories. These are distinguished by the serState-identified facilities providing other vices provided, the components of DASIS of

substance abuse services (described further which they are part, and the relationship of the

below); facility to its State substance abuse agency.

! to analyze general treatment services trends

and to conduct comparative analyses for the Treatment facilities administratively tracked by

nation, regions, and States; and States and reporting to TEDS

! to generate the National Directory of Drug The largest group of facilities (about 9,200 in

Abuse and Alcoholism Treatment and Pre- 1997) includes facilities that are licensed or

vention Programs, a compendium of State- certified by the State substance abuse agency to

tracked facilities providing substance abuse provide substance abuse treatment (or are adtreatment, prevention, and other services. ministratively tracked for other reasons), and are

UFDS in the Context of DASIS

UFDS is one of the three components of facilities, closures, and address changes to

SAMHSA’s Drug and Alcohol Services Infor- SAMHSA.

mation System (DASIS). DASIS was created in

1995 to facilitate the integration of SAMHSA’s Treatment facilities administratively tracked by

existing treatment services data sets and to States but not reporting to TEDS

reduce redundancy and reporting burdens. The

core of DASIS is the National Master Facility This group (about 5,300 facilities in 1997)

Inventory (NMFI), a continuously-updated includes treatment facilities that are licensed,

comprehensive listing of all known substance certified, or otherwise approved by the State

abuse treatment facilities and State-identified substance abuse agency (or are administratively

prevention and education facilities. The other tracked for other reasons), but that are not recomponents of DASIS are the UFDS survey and quired by the States to provide TEDS clientthe Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), a level data. Some private for-profit facilities fall

client-level database of persons admitted to into this category. This group also includes

sets can be linked. Together, they provide

These categories are described below.

required by the States to provide TEDS clientlevel data. State DASIS representatives maintain

this segment of the NMFI by reporting new
4

programs operated by Federal agencies (the Unit of response

Bureau of Prisons, Department of Veterans

Affairs, Department of Defense, and Indian SAMHSA requests that facilities be reported to

Health Service). NMFI records for Federally- the NMFI, UFDS, and TEDS at the same adminoperated facilities are updated annually through istrative level so that record linkage among the

lists provided by these agencies. three data sets is valid. SAMHSA requests that

Treatment facilities not administratively tracked physical location) as the defining factor for a

by States facility. However, because of the different State

This group of facilities (about 2,500 in 1997) use of this definition for a treatment facility. For

represents the ongoing SAMHSA effort to make example, in some States, multiple treatment

the NMFI as comprehensive as possible by programs (e.g., detox, residential, and outpaincluding treatment facilities that States, for a tient) at the same address and under the same

variety of reasons, do not track. Many of these management have separate State licenses. These

facilities are private for-profit, small group are treated as separate by the State, and receive

practices, or hospital-based programs. Most of separate NMFI ID numbers. In other States,

them were identified through screening of multiple sites are included as a single entity

alternative source databases such as the com- under a parent or administrative unit. In many of

mercial American Business Index, the annual these cases, individual sites can report client and

American Hospital Association survey, and services data, but revenue data are available only

SAMHSA’s biennial Inventory of Mental Health at a higher administrative level. 

Organizations. States are given the opportunity

to review these lists and to add these facilities to Until 1996, State substance abuse agencies

the State-tracked list if appropriate. distributed and collected the NDATUS/UFDS

Non-treatment facilities administratively tracked was centralized and UFDS forms were sent

by States directly to the facilities. A small percentage of

These facilities (about 2,400 in 1997) provide ministrative level than the State-determined

prevention, education, intake, assessment, NMFI facility level. 

referral, or administrative services. The listing of

this group of facilities is provided by State Thus UFDS data on the numbers of facilities,

DASIS representatives. and on revenues, client counts, and services by

NMFI-Imposed Constraints on UFDS

The use of the NMFI as the sampling universe individual States retain consistent definitions. 

for UFDS imposes certain constraints, concerned primarily with the unit of response and Scope of facilities included

the scope of facilities included. The NMFI is

largely a compilation of facilities in State ad- The scope of facilities included in the NMFI is

ministrative systems. Each State has a different affected by differences in State systems of licensystem, and different criteria for eligibility. sure, certification, accreditation, and the disStates use point of delivery of service (i.e.,

administrative systems, there is no consistent

survey forms. Beginning in 1996, data collection

facilities elected to report data at a higher adtype of facility must be interpreted with caution.

Assessment of changes in the number of facilities over time may be more valid, assuming that
5

bursement of public funds. For example, some Content

State substance abuse agencies regulate private

facilities and individual practitioners while The 1997 UFDS survey instrument was a 10-

others do not. In some States, hospital-based page document with 28 numbered questions (see

substance abuse treatment facilities are not Appendix A). Respondents provided informalicensed through the State substance abuse tion on treatment operations and on clients

agency. Some State substance abuse agencies receiving care on October 1, 1997. Topics

track correctional facilities (State prisons and included:

local jails) while others do not.

In an effort to address this, SAMHSA conducted ! Ownership

a large-scale effort during 1995 and 1996 to ! Hotline operation

identify substance abuse treatment facilities that, ! Substance abuse services (treatment, prevenfor a variety of reasons, were not on the NMFI. tion, administrative, drunk-driving only,

Some 15 source lists were considered, and other)

facilities not on the NMFI were contacted to ! Organizational setting

ascertain whether they provided substance abuse ! Organizational relationships (parent or

treatment. As expected, this yielded a number of affiliate(s); financial parent or affiliate(s),

hospital-based and small private facilities that participation in managed care)

were not on the NMFI. These facilities were sent ! Waiting list information

the UFDS survey beginning in 1995, but they ! Clients in treatment as of the survey referwere not included in the published results of the ence date, including:

survey until 1997. C Client counts by type of care (hospital

Some facilities operated by Federal agencies tial detoxification or rehabilitation, in-

(the Bureau of Prisons, Department of Veterans tensive outpatient and other outpatient)

Affairs, Department of Defense, and Indian C Client counts by demographics (age

Health Service) are tracked, but not regulated, group, sex, race/ethnicity) and type of

by the States. NMFI records for Federally-oper- care

ated facilities are updated annually through lists C Proportions treated for alcohol only,

provided by these Federal agencies. Facilities drug only, and both substances

operated by the Bureau of Prisons were excluded C Number receiving methadone/LAAM

from the 1997 UFDS because SAMHSA con- C Proportions of clients in selected populaducted a separate survey of correctional facilities tion sub-groups (pregnant women,

(report forthcoming). women with dependent children, injecProcedures for the 1997 UFDS

Survey universe tional clients )

The UFDS survey was sent to all facilities that abuse (hospital or residential) as of the

were on the NMFI as of about 6 weeks before survey reference date

the survey reference date (October 1, 1997). ! Annual unduplicated client count

! Facility identification information

detoxification or rehabilitation, residention drug users, persons with active TB,

HIV-positive clients, clients in treatment

previously, managed care clients, correc-

! Beds available for treatment of substance

! Annual total admissions
6

! Specific services (assessment, therapy,

testing, health services, programs for special

groups, etc.)

! Annual revenue sources and amounts

Data collection

Prior to the survey, faxes or letters were sent to

all facilities to update address information, and

to alert the facility to expect the survey. Data

collection instruments (with State letters of

endorsement or other enclosures) were mailed to

each facility. During the data collection phase,

contract personnel were available to answer

facilities’ questions concerning the survey. Two

weeks after the initial mailing, thank you/reminder letters were sent to all facilities. Five to six

weeks after the initial mailing, non-respondent

facilities were sent a second mailing. About five

weeks after the second mailing, non-respondents

received a reminder telephone call. Those facilities that had not responded within two to three

weeks of the reminder call were telephoned and

asked to complete a slightly abbreviated version

of the survey by telephone.

Forms accounting and response rate

Summary response rate information is presented

in Table 1.1 (State details are presented in Table

5.1). A total of 19,956 forms were distributed to

facilities. Of these facilities, 10 percent were

determined to have been closed on the survey

reference date, and data for 6 percent were

“rolled up” (i.e., data were included with those

reported by an administratively-linked facility),

yielding an effective sample size of 16,695. Of

the effective sample, 70 percent completed the

full mail survey and 16 percent completed the

telephone survey, resulting in a survey response

rate of 86 percent. Non-respondents may have

included facilities that were closed but could not

be so identified.

Table 1.1

Forms accounting and response rate:

UFDS 1997

Number

Percent Percent

of of 

total effective

forms sample

Total forms 19,956 100.0

 distributed

Closed facility 2,057 10.3

Roll-up (data 1,204 6.0

reported by another

facility)

Effective sample 16,695 83.7 100.0

Respondents 14,291 71.6 85.6

 Mail 11,627 58.3 69.6

 Telephone 2,664 13.3 16.0

Non-respondents 2,404 12.0 14.4

Quality assurance

All mail questionnaires were reviewed for

inconsistencies and missing data. After data

entry, automated quality assurance reviews were

conducted. These included the rules used in

manual editing, plus consistency checks not

readily implemented by manual review. If problems were detected at either phase of editing that

could not be resolved, facilities were contacted

by telephone and the correct information secured. Non-response follow-up interviews

conducted by telephone used a computer-assisted technique with built-in editing rules. The

review process assured proper formatting,

mechanical correctness, and internal consistency

among responses.

Item non-response

The editing process ensured that item nonresponse was minimal. A few facilities did not

provide client demographics; missing data were

imputed using averaged responses from facilities
7

in the same State and with similar ownership ! UFDS attempts to obtain responses from all

and client mix characteristics. Nearly 20 percent known treatment and prevention facilities,

of facilities did not provide revenue data. Miss- but it is a voluntary survey. Treatment faciliing revenue data were imputed according to the ties are not reflected in the data presented in

procedure detailed in Appendix C. this report if they did not respond to the

Profile of Responding Facilities

Table 1.2. Facilities provided a range of sub- ! Careful editing, extensive follow-up, and

stance abuse treatment, prevention, related imputation of selected variables have greatly

services (e.g., intake, assessment, referral), and reduced item non-response. There are inadministrative functions. A significant number stances of non-response in many data items,

of treatment facilities were engaged in a range of however, and some variables have an exservices and were not restricted solely to the plicit Unknown response option. In addition,

provision of clinical care. One-third of facilities respondents contacted by telephone comserved all four functions; another 46 percent pleted a slightly abbreviated version of the

provided some combination of these functions. survey (see Appendix A). To avoid the loss

Only 18 percent were single-function facilities. of usable information, all responding faciliThere were 385 facilities that offered only drunk facility did not report complete information,

driving or DUI/DWI programs. For the 1997 it was excluded from the tabulations for

UFDS survey, these were not required to com- which data were missing. As a result, the

plete the full survey. number of treatment facilities on which

The balance of this report will focus on the to table. The number of facilities actually

10,860 treatment facilities (76 percent of report- reporting data is generally included on each

ing facilities) that provided treatment services, table.

either alone or in conjunction with other

substance abuse services. Most of these 10,860 ! UFDS collects data about facilities, not

facilities (82 percent) completed the full survey, individual clients. Data on clients represent

while 18 percent completed the telephone survey an aggregate of clients in treatment for each

(see Appendix A). reporting facility. Demographic data are

Further Data Considerations and Limitations

As with any data collection effort, certain proce- were in treatment at a facility, the number of

dural considerations and data limitations must female clients under 18 cannot be deterbe taken into account when interpreting data mined. Similarly, data on client characterisfrom the 1997 UFDS. Some of these are out- tics and sources of revenue are reported in

lined above. Some general issues are discussed separate matrices, so that relationships

here; considerations and limitations of specific between revenue and client characteristics

data items are discussed where the data are cannot be analyzed directly.

presented.

survey. There is no adjustment for facility

non-response.

ties were retained in the database. When a

tables are based varies somewhat from table

collected in different matrices of the survey

form and cannot be cross-tabulated. While it

is possible to report how many female clients and how many clients under age 18
8

! Multiple responses were allowed for certain

variables (e.g., facility function, services

provided, and specialized programs). Tabu- In this report, facilities are described in terms of

lations of these variables include the total ownership, organizational setting, and clients in

number of facilities reporting each response. treatment. 

Tables where multiple-response data are

presented also report the total unduplicated Ownership indicates the type of entity responsinumber of facilities that reported this data ble for the operation of the facility: private foritem. profit, private non-profit, or government (FedOrganization of the Report

The balance of this report is organized into four within which services are delivered and, for

analytic sections. Chapter 2 presents broad settings specializing in substance abuse treattrends in facility and client characteristics for ment, the general type of care offered. The 1997

1990-1997 (except 1994, when the UFDS sur- UFDS questionnaire permitted some facilities to

vey was not conducted). Chapter 3 describes key indicate more than one setting. For this report,

characteristics of facilities and programs as of each facility was assigned to a single organizathe survey reference date, October 1, 1997. tional setting (see Appendix B for details).

Chapter 4 describes key characteristics of clients

in substance abuse treatment on the reference Clients in treatment are defined as: 1) hospital

date. Finally, Chapter 5 presents State-level inpatient and residential clients receiving treatdetail of many of the tables presented in Chap- ment (and not discharged) on the reference date,

ters 3 and 4. and 2) outpatient clients enrolled in treatment on

Terminology

eral, State, local, or tribal). 

Organizational setting indicates the setting

the reference date who received a substance

abuse treatment service during the prior month.
Treatment Prevention

Other 

substance 

abuse 

services Administrative

No. of 

facilities Percent

● 1,099 7.7

● ● 159 1.1

● ● 1,193 8.3

● ● 238 1.7

● ● ● 937 6.6

● ● ● 2,559 17.9

● ● ● 87 0.6

● ● ● ● 4,588 32.1

 10,860 76.0 Treatment subtotal

● 839 5.9

● 409 2.9

● 147 1.0

● ● 585 4.1

● ● 134 0.9

● ● 144 1.0

● ● ● 535 3.7

 2,793 19.5 Non-treatment subtotal

DUI/DWI only1

 385 2.7

Incomplete 

questionnaire 253 1.8

 14,291 100.0

Facilitis offering only services other than treatment

Facilities offering treatment 

services

Table 1.2

Facility function: UFDS 1997

1

 Facilities providing treatment only through DUI/DWI programs were not required to complete the full 1997 UFDS survey. 

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) 

survey, October 1, 1997.

9
10
11

CHAPTER 2

TRENDS IN FACILITY AND CLIENT CHARACTERISTICS

his chapter presents trends in facility and representative sample of non-respondents was Tclient characteristics for 1990-1997 (the

survey was not conducted in 1994). It should be version of the survey instrument via telephone.

kept in mind, however, that the sampling base, In 1993 and later years, this effort was extended

methods, and survey instrument have changed to all non-responding facilities. This is reflected

during this period. in the increased number of facilities seen in

Variability in the reporting level of facilities collection methods enabled more complete

(i.e., reporting for each program, for each loca- identification of duplicate reporting by networks

tion, or for combined locations) is a critical of facilities, causing a reduction in the total

factor in comparing the number of facilities over number of facilities. This has been partially

time. Each completed survey form is counted as offset by SAMHSA’s efforts to expand the

a single reporting facility. As noted in Chapter 1, reporting base (see Chapter 1), conducted prior

however, the level of reporting is sometimes to the 1997 UFDS. (Although facilities in the

decided by the State licensing/certification prac- expanded reporting base were surveyed in 1995

tices and sometimes by facility administrative and 1996, they were excluded from published

policies and practices. Thus some facilities reports until 1997). In 1997, but not in earlier

report aggregate data at the administrative or years, facilities offering treatment only through

program level, and others report separately for DUI/DWI programs were excluded.

each program at a specific location. In the 1997

UFDS, SAMHSA began to collect information Facilities are described in terms of ownership,

that will enable identification of networks of organizational setting, and clients in treatment.

facilities, and of programs within facilities. If Ownership indicates the type of entity responsiStates and facilities are consistent in facility ble for the operation of the facility: private forreporting level, trends should not be affected. profit, private non-profit, or government (FedData on numbers of clients are not affected by eral, State, local, or tribal). Organizational

differences in reporting level. setting indicates the setting within which serSince 1992, SAMHSA has made adjustments in substance abuse treatment, the general type of

each year to the survey design, primarily to care offered. Clients in treatment are defined

minimize non-response and to expand the sur- as: 1) hospital inpatient and residential clients

vey coverage. Figure 1 is a time line detailing receiving treatment (and not discharged) on the

the major changes in survey scope and administration that may have affected the numbers of

reporting facilities and clients. Beginning in

1992, SAMHSA expanded efforts to obtain

information from non-responding facilities. A

contacted and administered an abbreviated

Table 2.1. Beginning in 1995, changes in data

vices are delivered and, for settings specializing

1

 The 1997 UFDS questionnaire permitted some facilities 1

to indicate more than one setting. For this report, each

facility was assigned to a single organizational setting (see

Appendix B for details).
Figure 1

Numbers of facilities and clients in treatment: 1990-1997

1990 1991 1992 1993 1995 1996 1997

Thousands

0

5

10

15

800

900

1000

1100

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 

National Drug and Alcoholism Treatment Unit (NDATUS) and Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) surveys: 

1990-1993, 1995-1997.

1992

Follow-up of a sample of 

non-responding facilities:

25% increase in facilities

16% increase in clients

1995

Enhanced identification of 

duplicate reporting:

7% decrease in facilities

7% increase in clients

1997

Enhanced reporting

base; exclusion of

DUI/DWI facilities:

2% increase in facilities

1% decrease in clients

1993

Follow-up of all nonresponding facilities:

2% increase in facilities

No change in clients

1996

Centralized data 

collection:

1% decrease in facilities

7% decrease in clients

Clients in treatment 

Facilities 

12
Figure 2

Clients in treatment by age group: 1990-1997

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994* 1995 1996 1997 US 1997

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

* No survey conducted in 1994.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies,

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,

Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Under 18 years 18 to 24 years 25 to 34 years

35 to 44 years 45 years & over

13

reference date, and 2) outpatient clients enrolled Mental health facilities made up 21 percent of

on the reference date who received a substance the system, and physical health settings made up

abuse treatment service during the prior month. 14 percent. In about one-third of facilities,

Facility Characteristics

Table 2.1. Despite the changes in the UFDS had 15-29 clients.

survey and sample, the overall structure of the

treatment system remained relatively constant

over the period 1990-1997. In 1997, private nonprofit facilities made up the bulk of the system Table 2.2. Although males continue to predomi-

(60 percent), followed by private for-profit (24 nate, there was a small but fairly consistent

percent) and State/local government (13 per- increase in the proportion of female clients,

cent). Most treatment was provided in specialty from 28 percent in 1990 to 32 percent in 1997.

substance abuse treatment facilities (54 percent).

therewere between 30 and 99 clients in treatment on the reference date. About one-quarter of

facilities had fewer than 15 clients, and one-fifth

Client Characteristics
Figure 3

Clients in treatment by race/ethnicity: 1990-1997

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994* 1995 1996 1997 US 1997

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

* No survey conducted in 1994.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies,

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,

Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

White Hispanic 

American Indian/

Alaskan Native 

Black 

Asian/Pacific Islander Other 

14

Client age (Figure 2) did not show consistent The proportion of clients who were non-Hispatterns over 1990-1997 for most age groups. panic whites dropped from 62 percent in 1990 to

The proportion of clients who were under 18 57 percent in 1997 (Figure 3). There was a

increased, from a low of 5 percent in 1992 to 9 parallel increase in the proportion of non-Hispercent in 1997. Over that period, the proportion panic black clients, from 21 percent to 25 perof clients aged 25 to 34 declined from 35 per- cent in 1997.

cent to 29 percent. 
Figure 4

Clients in treatment by type of care: 1990-1997

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994* 1995 1996 1997 

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Outpatient Residential Hospital inpatient 

Methadone/LAAM (may be any type of care)

* No survey conducted in 1994

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies,

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,

Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

15

Type of care remained consistent over the period Clients may receive opioid substitutes (metha1990-1997 (Figure 4). In 1997, most clients (87 done or LAAM) in conjunction with any other

percent) received outpatient treatment, 11 per- type of care. The proportion of clients reported

cent received residential treatment, and only 2 to receive opioid substitutes increased from

percent received hospital inpatient treatment. about 9 percent in 1990 to 15 percent in 1997. 1

Because this is a cross-sectional survey, the proportion 1

of clients in a type of care where the length of stay is

short (i.e., hospital inpatient and residential) will

underestimate the proportion of all clients who receive

that type of care during a treatment episode. Hospital

inpatient or residential care is often followed, in a

treatment episode, by outpatient care. 
1990 1991 1992 1993 1995 1996 1997 1990 1991 1992 1993 1995 1996 1997

Number Percent

Ownership

Private non-profit 5,587 5,766 6,852 7,020 6,514 6,482 6,498 63.9 63.7 60.8 61.1 60.6 60.9 59.8

Private for-profit 1,524 1,675 2,327 2,384 2,342 2,373 2,550 17.4 18.5 20.6 20.7 21.8 22.3 23.5

State/local government 1,352 1,342 1,536 1,549 1,399 1,323 1,370 15.5 14.8 13.6 13.5 13.0 12.4 12.6

Tribal government 207 63 351 155 152 140 149 2.4 0.7 3.1 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4

Federal government 72 211 204 388 339 323 293 0.8 2.3 1.8 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.7

No. of facilities 8,742 9,057 11,270 11,496 10,746 10,641 10,860 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Organizational setting

Specialty substance abuse treatment 5,216 5,637 7,398 7,033 5,353 6,103 5,906 59.7 62.2 65.4 61.2 49.8 58.4 54.4

Mental health settings and services 1,472 1,549 1,826 1,712 2,700 1,944 2,295 16.8 17.1 16.1 14.9 25.1 18.6 21.1

Physical health settings and services 1,111 1,082 1,341 1,286 1,726 1,317 1,471 12.7 11.9 11.9 11.2 16.1 12.6 13.5

Community settings and services 744 567 439 1,163 448 520 632 8.5 6.3 3.9 10.1 4.2 5.0 5.8

Criminal justice system 199 222 312 302 519 569 556 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.6 4.8 5.4 5.1

No. of facilities 8,742 9,057 11,316 11,496 10,746 10,453 10,860 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Clients in treatment per facility

Fewer than 15 clients 2,139 2,303 2,524 2,813 2,310 2,314 2,578 24.5 25.4 22.3 24.5 21.5 21.7 23.9

15-29 clients 1,808 1,762 2,329 2,346 2,086 2,088 2,152 20.7 19.5 20.6 20.4 19.4 19.6 19.9

30-99 clients 2,632 2,773 3,801 3,646 3,607 3,533 3,517 30.1 30.6 33.6 31.7 33.6 33.2 32.6

100-299 clients 1,590 1,658 2,067 2,041 2,041 2,058 1,954 18.2 18.3 18.3 17.8 19.0 19.3 18.1

300 or more clients 573 561 595 650 702 648 603 6.6 6.2 5.3 5.7 6.5 6.1 5.6

No. of facilities 8,742 9,057 11,316 11,496 10,746 10,641 10,804 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Facilities dispensing opioid substitutes 599 584 627 690 616 902 768 6.9 6.4 5.5 6.0 5.7 8.5 7.1

Table 2.1

Substance abuse treatment facilities by ownership, organizational setting, and clients in treatment: 1990-19971

Ownership, setting, and clients in treatment

 16

1

 Survey reference dates for clients in treatment were: Sept. 28, 1990; Sept. 30, 1991; Sept. 30, 1992; Oct. 1, 1993; Oct. 2, 1995; Oct. 1, 1996; and Oct. 1, 1997. See Chapter 3 for 

a discussion of changes in the survey base, methods, and instrument that affect analysis of trends over time. 

Specialty substance abuse treatment includes facilities that provide no medical or mental health services other than substance abuse treatment.

Mental health settings and services include psychiatric and behavioral hospitals, community mental health centers, and other psychiatric and mental health facilities that directly 

provide a range of mental health services in addition to substance abuse treatment.

Physical health settings and services include hospitals, medical centers, clinics, and HMOs that directly provide medical services in addition to substance abuse treatment. These 

facilities may also provide mental health services.

Community settings and services include facilities that provide social services in addition to substance abuse treatment. These include community, family, and human services 

and resources organizations; youth centers; schools; Employee Assistance Programs; and charitable organizations.

Criminal justice system includes some State and local correctional facilities; juvenile residential facilities; community corrections facilities; probation, parole, and TASC programs; 

and DUI/DWI/DDP and domestic violence programs. Federal Bureau of Prison facilities are excluded for 1997.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, 1995-1997; National Drug and 

Alcoholism Treatment Unit Survey (NDATUS), 1990-1993.
1990 2

1991 2

1992 1993 1995 1996 1997 1990 1991 1992 1993 1995 1996 1997

Number Percent

Clients in treatment 767,829 811,819 944,880 944,208 1,009,127 940,141 929,086 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Sex

Male 553,968 588,295 671,997 663,968 707,252 640,369 632,113 72.1 72.5 71.1 70.3 70.1 68.1 68.0

Female 213,861 223,524 272,883 280,240 301,875 299,772 296,973 27.9 27.5 28.9 29.7 29.9 31.9 32.0

Race/ethnicity

White (non-Hispanic) 474,712 498,922 570,955 564,224 621,099 550,496 524,947 61.8 61.5 60.4 59.8 61.5 58.6 56.5

Black (non-Hispanic) 158,619 172,144 204,378 212,607 219,064 219,409 230,971 20.7 21.2 21.6 22.5 21.7 23.3 24.9

Hispanic 110,449 114,735 135,099 130,460 127,047 130,140 132,459 14.4 14.1 14.3 13.8 12.6 13.8 14.3

Asian or Pacific Islander 5,751 7,118 7,053 8,365 9,143 8,987 7,697 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.8

American Indian/Alaskan Native 15,124 14,857 12,274 23,303 24,292 25,011 24,459 2.0 1.8 1.3 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.6

Other 3,174 4,043 15,120 5,249 8,482 6,098 8,553 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.9

Age group

Under 18 years 49,107 48,045 51,223 59,818 70,050 76,687 81,456 6.4 5.9 5.4 6.3 6.9 8.2 8.8

18 to 24 years 143,340 147,617 155,936 153,040 143,750 122,739 160,376 18.7 18.2 16.5 16.2 14.2 13.1 17.3

 18 to 20 years 43,889 42,378 44,550 45,541 46,642 n/c 62,046 5.7 5.2 4.7 4.8 4.6 n/c 6.7

 21 to 24 years 99,451 105,239 111,386 107,499 97,108 n/c 98,330 13.0 13.0 11.8 11.4 9.6 n/c 10.6

25 to 34 years 269,040 286,066 332,330 325,330 314,003 283,673 270,286 35.0 35.2 35.2 34.5 31.1 30.2 29.1

35 to 44 years 200,108 216,778 267,162 264,906 299,620 295,780 264,549 26.1 26.7 28.3 28.1 29.7 31.5 28.5

45 to 64 years 98,463 105,107 129,275 131,352 167,757 145,819 135,758 12.8 12.9 13.7 13.9 16.6 15.5 14.6

65 years & over 7,771 8,206 8,954 9,762 13,947 15,443 16,661 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.8

Type of care

Outpatient 673,835 712,669 822,941 823,147 864,285 825,176 808,956 87.8 87.8 87.1 87.2 85.6 87.8 87.1

Residential 77,981 84,723 97,101 99,343 120,951 97,698 103,750 10.2 10.4 10.3 10.5 12.0 10.4 11.2

Hospital inpatient 16,013 14,427 24,838 21,718 23,891 17,267 16,380 2.1 1.8 2.6 2.3 2.4 1.8 1.8

Receiving opioid substitutes3

 66,510 99,111 117,508 112,715 117,895 123,906 138,009 8.7 12.2 12.4 11.9 11.7 13.2 14.9

Table 2.2

Substance abuse treatment clients by sex, race/ethnicity, age group, and type of care: 1990-1997 1

Sex, race/ethnicity, age group, 

and type of care

17

n/c Data not collected.

1

 Survey reference dates for clients in treatment were: Sept. 28, 1990; Sept. 30, 1991; Sept. 30, 1992; Oct. 1, 1993; Oct. 2, 1995; Oct. 1, 1996; and Oct. 1, 1997. See Chapter 3 for 

a discussion of changes in the survey base, methods, and instrument that affect analysis of trends over time. 

2

 Numbers published here differ from earlier published numbers because sex, race/ethnicity, and age group were imputed where these numbers were unknown.

3

 Clients receiving opioid substitutes may be in any type of care (outpatient, residential, or hospital inpatient).

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, 1995-1997; National Drug and 

Alcoholism Treatment Unit Survey (NDATUS), 1990-1993.
18
19

CHAPTER 3

FACILITY CHARACTERISTICS AND SERVICES

his chapter describes key characteristics of criminal justice facilities, where private non- Tfacilities and programs on October 1, 1997.

Facilities are described in terms of ownership, bined) each made up about 42 percent of faciliorganizational setting, and clients in treatment. ties. 

Ownership indicates the type of entity responsible for the operation of the facility: private for- Table 3.1b. Organizationally, facilities specializprofit, private non-profit, or government (Fed- ing in substance abuse treatment made up 43

eral, State, local, or tribal). Organizational percent of all facilities. About half of these

setting indicates the setting within which ser- facilities offered outpatient treatment only, onevices are delivered and, for settings specializing third offered residential treatment only, and the

in substance abuse treatment, the general type of remainder offered both outpatient and residential

care offered. Clients in treatment are defined treatment. Community mental health centers

1

as: 1) hospital inpatient and residential clients (CMHCs) and other non-hospital mental health

receiving treatment (and not discharged) on the facilities made up the next largest group of

reference date, and 2) outpatient clients enrolled facilities, at 15 percent of all facilities. These

on the reference date who received a substance were followed by solo/group practitioners (12

abuse treatment service during the prior month. percent of all facilities) and general hospitals (10

percent).

Facility Ownership and Organizational

Setting Clients in Treatment

Table 3.1a. Overall, 60 percent of facilities Table 3.2. The median number of clients in

treating substance abuse were private non-profit. treatment at a facility, on October 1, 1997, was

About one-quarter (24 percent) were private for- 36. Government-operated facilities, particularly

profit, and the balance were operated by various the VA, tended to have more clients per facility

levels of government. For most organizational than did private facilities. Among private facilisettings, private non-profits made up well over ties, non-profit facilities had more clients per

half of facilities. Exceptions were solo/group facility than did for-profits. 

practices, where only 17 percent were private

non-profit; psychiatric and specialized hospitals, The number of clients in treatment also varied

where private for-profit and private non-profit by organizational setting. Specialty substance

each made up about 40 percent of facilities; and abuse treatment facilities treating outpatient

profits and State and local government (comclients only had the largest number of clients,

with a median of 69. Specialty substance abuse

treatment facilities treating a mix of outpatient

and residential clients had a median of 46 clients

per facility. CMHCs and criminal justice set-

 The 1997 UFDS questionnaire permitted some facilities 1

to indicate more than one setting. For this report, each

facility was assigned to a single organizational setting.

See Appendix B for details.
20

tings had medians of 50 and 45 clients per ! CMHCs (52 percent).

facility, respectively). Solo/group practices and

residential substance abuse facilities had the Adolescent programs were least likely to be

smallest client loads (medians of 17 and 18 available in:

clients in treatment, respectively).

Programs for Special Groups

Table 3.3. Some facilities offered special pro- cent)

grams for high-risk or special-risk groups. These ! Residential specialty substance abuse treatgroups included the dually-diagnosed (persons ment facilities (18 percent)

with both mental and substance abuse prob- ! Criminal justice facilities (24 percent).

lems), adolescents, persons with HIV or AIDS,

and pregnant/postpartum women. 

Overall, nearly half (48 percent) of all facilities offered programs for persons with HIV/AIDS.

provided programs for the dually diagnosed. These programs were most likely to be available

These services were most likely to be provided in:

by:

! VA-owned facilities (81 percent) ! VA-owned facilities (34 percent)

! Psychiatric/specialized hospitals (77 per- ! Mixed outpatient/residential specialty subcent) stance abuse facilities (32 percent).

! CMHCs (68 percent)

! General hospitals (63 percent). Programs for persons with HIV/AIDS were least

Facilities least likely to have programs for the

dually diagnosed were: ! Solo/group practices (15 percent)

! Criminal justice facilities (30 percent) ! Outpatient specialty substance abuse facili-

! Community or religious organizations (31 ties (20 percent).

percent)

! Specialty substance abuse treatment facilities (38 percent). Programs for pregnant or postpartum women

Thirty-nine percent of facilities offered programs for adolescents. Programs for adolescents ! Community health centers (45 percent)

were most likely to be offered by: ! Mixed outpatient/residential specialty sub-

! Indian Health Service or tribal government- ! Local government-owned facilities (29

owned facilities (72 percent, combined) percent)

! Psychiatric/specialized hospitals (54 per- ! Indian Health Service or tribal governmentcent) owned facilities (25 percent, combined) 

! VA-owned facilities (no adolescent programs)

! Dept. of Defense-owned facilities (14 perAbout one-quarter (24 percent) of facilities

! Community health centers (35 percent)

likely to be offered by:

! Private for-profit facilities (18 percent)

were offered by only 20 percent of facilities.

These were most likely to be offered at:

stance abuse facilities (30 percent).
21

Services Offered

Facilities responding to the mail questionnaire

were asked to complete a detailed check list of Figure 5 shows the distribution of the facilityservices available. Specific services were broad- level utilization rates separately for residential

ly categorized as assessment services, therapy, and hospital inpatient beds. Seventy percent of

testing, health services, continuing care, transi- the facilities with residential beds were at or

tional services, community outreach, and other near capacity on the reference date, with utilizaservices. A majority of facilities offered one or tion rates of 76 to 100 percent. In contrast, only

more services in each category. Almost all 23 percent of the facilities with hospital inpafacilities offered individual therapy (93-97 tient beds had utilization rates in that range.

percent across ownership categories, and 88-98

percent across organizational setting categories).

However, specific services varied greatly by

ownership and organizational setting. Differ- Table 3.8. About 80 percent of facilities reported

ences were most apparent in testing, health, and revenue information; revenue for the non-retransitional services. spondents was imputed (see Appendix C). Total

Table 3.4. Generally, private for-profit facilities estimated at approximately $6.3 billion. The

were less likely to have a range of health and total reported revenue (exclusive of imputation)

testing services available, whereas State and was approximately $5.2 billion, of which:

Federal government-owned facilities were more

likely to offer a range of these services. ! 33 percent was State government funds

Table 3.5. Solo/group practitioners had the are distributed by the State)

smallest range of health, testing, and transitional ! 17 percent was from Medicaid 

services. Hospitals were more likely to offer a ! 14 percent was from private health insurance

range of testing and health services. Among ! 10 percent was from direct client payments.

specialty substance abuse treatment facilities,

outpatient facilities generally had fewer of these These percentages varied considerably by ownservices available than residential or mixed out- ership and organizational setting. For example,

patient/residential facilities. 54 percent of the revenue of private for-profit

Beds Available for Substance Abuse Treatment

Tables 3.6 and 3.7. Facilities were asked to

report residential and hospital inpatient beds

available for substance abuse treatment. Facilities reported a total of 109,000 beds available

for residential treatment, and 23,000 beds available for hospital inpatient treatment. On October

1, 1997, 84 percent of the available residential

beds and 52 percent of the hospital inpatient

beds were in use by substance abuse treatment

clients. 

Revenue

revenue, including the imputed amounts, was

(including Federal block grant funds, which

facilities came from private health insurance and

client payments, compared with 23 percent for

private non-profit facilities.
Figure 5

Residential and hospital inpatient utilization rates:

October 1, 1997

Utilization rates

Residential Hosp. inpatient

Percent of facilities

0%

25%

50%

75%

25% or less 26 to 50% 51 to 75% More than 75% 

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies,

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,

Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

22
All 

facilities

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt

Federal 

govt

Tribal 

govt

All 

facilities

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt

Federal 

govt

Tribal 

govt

No. of facilities 10,860 6,498 2,550 887 483 293 149 100.0 59.8 23.5 8.2 4.4 2.7 1.4

Specialty substance abuse treatment 4,618 3,124 874 322 147 73 78 100.0 67.6 18.9 7.0 3.2 1.6 1.7

Outpatient 2,523 1,437 678 232 78 54 44 100.0 57.0 26.9 9.2 3.1 2.1 1.7

Residential (incl. halfway house, therapeutic 

community) 1,442 1,191 114 62 56 5 14 100.0 82.6 7.9 4.3 3.9 0.3 1.0

Outpatient & residential 653 496 82 28 13 14 20 100.0 76.0 12.6 4.3 2.0 2.1 3.1

Community mental health center/Other mental health 

facility 1,646 1,125 146 281 50 20 24 100.0 68.3 8.9 17.1 3.0 1.2 1.5

Solo or group practice 1,288 220 1,046 15 2 3 2 100.0 17.1 81.2 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

General hospital (incl. VA) 1,099 737 95 94 16 153 4 100.0 67.1 8.6 8.6 1.5 13.9 0.4

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 601 234 250 26 62 27 2 100.0 38.9 41.6 4.3 10.3 4.5 0.3

Criminal justice 556 235 80 70 170 - 1 100.0 42.3 14.4 12.6 30.6 - 0.2

Community or religious agency/org. 453 393 32 16 3 3 6 100.0 86.8 7.1 3.5 0.7 0.7 1.3

Community health center 103 67 1 13 4 6 12 100.0 65.0 1.0 12.6 3.9 5.8 11.7

Multiple or unknown settings 496 363 26 50 29 8 20 100.0 73.2 5.2 10.1 5.8 1.6 4.0

23

Table 3.1a

Substance abuse treatment facilities by ownership, according to organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

Percent

Ownership

Organizational setting Number 1

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
All 

facilities

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt

Federal 

govt

Tribal 

govt

All 

facilities

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt

Federal 

govt

Tribal 

govt

No. of facilities 10,860 6,498 2,550 887 483 293 149 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Specialty substance abuse treatment 4,618 3,124 874 322 147 73 78 42.5 48.1 34.3 36.3 30.4 24.9 52.3

Outpatient 2,523 1,437 678 232 78 54 44 23.2 22.1 26.6 26.2 16.1 18.4 29.5

Residential (incl. halfway house, therapeutic 

community) 1,442 1,191 114 62 56 5 14 13.3 18.3 4.5 7.0 11.6 1.7 9.4

Outpatient & residential 653 496 82 28 13 14 20 6.0 7.6 3.2 3.2 2.7 4.8 13.4

Community mental health center/Other mental health 

facility 1,646 1,125 146 281 50 20 24 15.2 17.3 5.7 31.7 10.4 6.8 16.1

Solo or group practice 1,288 220 1,046 15 2 3 2 11.9 3.4 41.0 1.7 0.4 1.0 1.3

General hospital (incl. VA) 1,099 737 95 94 16 153 4 10.1 11.3 3.7 10.6 3.3 52.2 2.7

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 601 234 250 26 62 27 2 5.5 3.6 9.8 2.9 12.8 9.2 1.3

Criminal justice 556 235 80 70 170 - 1 5.1 3.6 3.1 7.9 35.2 - 0.7

Community or religious agency/org. 453 393 32 16 3 3 6 4.2 6.0 1.3 1.8 0.6 1.0 4.0

Community health center 103 67 1 13 4 6 12 0.9 1.0 0.0 1.5 0.8 2.0 8.1

Multiple or unknown settings 496 363 26 50 29 8 20 4.6 5.6 1.0 5.6 6.0 2.7 13.4

24

Table 3.1b

Substance abuse treatment facilities by organizational setting, according to ownership: October 1, 1997 

Percent

Ownership

Organizational setting Number 1

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
All facilities

Fewer 

than 15 

clients

15-29 

clients

30-99 

clients

100-299 

clients

300 

clients or 

more

All 

facilities

Fewer 

than 15 

clients

15-29 

clients

30-99 

clients

100-299 

clients

300 

clients or 

more

No. of facilities 36 10,804 2,578 2,152 3,517 1,954 603 100.0 23.9 19.9 32.6 18.1 5.6

Ownership

Private non-profit 35 6,468 1,452 1,363 2,195 1,136 322 100.0 22.4 21.1 33.9 17.6 5.0

Private for-profit 26 2,533 822 505 733 366 107 100.0 32.5 19.9 28.9 14.4 4.2

Local, county, or community government 59 880 141 128 288 243 80 100.0 16.0 14.5 32.7 27.6 9.1

State government 53 481 72 85 172 109 43 100.0 15.0 17.7 35.8 22.7 8.9

Federal government 74 293 50 37 81 77 48 100.0 17.1 12.6 27.6 26.3 16.4

Dept. of Veterans Affairs 146 154 3 7 44 58 42 100.0 1.9 4.5 28.6 37.7 27.3

Dept. of Defense 25 102 36 19 27 15 5 100.0 35.3 18.6 26.5 14.7 4.9

Indian Health Service 22 35 10 10 10 4 1 100.0 28.6 28.6 28.6 11.4 2.9

Other 17 2 1 1 - - - 100.0 50.0 50.0 - - -

Tribal government 29 149 41 34 48 23 3 100.0 27.5 22.8 32.2 15.4 2.0

Organizational setting

Specialty substance abuse treatment 40 4,599 966 917 1,533 893 290 100.0 21.0 19.9 33.3 19.4 6.3

Outpatient 69 2,512 308 330 916 712 246 100.0 12.3 13.1 36.5 28.3 9.8

Residential (incl. halfway house, 

therapeutic community) 18 1,435 555 469 348 57 6 100.0 38.7 32.7 24.3 4.0 0.4

Outpatient & residential 46 652 103 118 269 124 38 100.0 15.8 18.1 41.3 19.0 5.8

Community mental health center/Other 

mental health facility 50 1,628 262 283 588 395 100 100.0 16.1 17.4 36.1 24.3 6.1

Solo or group practice 17 1,286 561 280 282 124 39 100.0 43.6 21.8 21.9 9.6 3.0

General hospital (incl. VA) 32 1,098 311 205 309 193 80 100.0 28.3 18.7 28.1 17.6 7.3

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 33 593 143 138 189 98 25 100.0 24.1 23.3 31.9 16.5 4.2

Criminal justice 45 553 86 103 238 97 29 100.0 15.6 18.6 43.0 17.5 5.2

Community or religious agency/org. 35 451 105 97 170 65 14 100.0 23.3 21.5 37.7 14.4 3.1

Community health center 38 102 21 14 45 17 5 100.0 20.6 13.7 44.1 16.7 4.9

Multiple or unknown settings 30 494 123 115 163 72 21 100.0 24.9 23.3 33.0 14.6 4.3

25

Clients in treatment per facility on October 1, 1997

Number

Table 3.2

Substance abuse treatment facilities by number of clients in treatment per facility, according to ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

Ownership and organizational setting Percent 1

Median 

clients in 

treatment

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
Dually-diagnosed Adolescents

Persons 

with 

HIV/AIDS

Pregnant/

postpartum 

women Other

No. of facilities 10,860 48.4 38.6 23.6 20.3 9.3

Ownership

Private non-profit 6,498 46.7 38.5 25.8 22.2 9.2

Private for-profit 2,550 49.5 39.1 17.6 13.2 10.3

Local, county, or community government 887 53.1 43.9 25.5 29.4 6.0

State government 483 50.1 32.7 28.4 21.1 11.0

Federal government 293 61.4 14.7 21.8 6.8 9.9

Dept. of Veterans Affairs 154 81.2 - 34.4 3.9 12.3

Dept. of Defense 102 33.3 13.7 3.9 2.9 3.9

Indian Health Service 35 54.3 80.0 20.0 28.6 17.1

Other 2 100.0 50.0 - 50.0 -

Tribal government 149 43.0 70.5 9.4 23.5 12.8

Organizational setting

Specialty substance abuse treatment 4,622 37.7 33.7 23.1 21.0 7.6

Outpatient 2,523 36.1 42.3 19.9 19.9 8.0

Residential (incl. halfway house, therapeutic community) 1,442 36.6 17.6 25.0 18.7 6.0

Outpatient & residential 653 46.4 36.0 31.5 30.3 9.6

Community mental health center or other mental health facility 1,646 68.2 52.3 23.1 21.9 6.9

Solo or group practice 1,288 47.0 39.4 14.9 13.4 11.4

General hospital (incl. VA) 1,099 63.3 28.3 29.0 19.7 9.3

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 601 77.4 53.6 30.0 21.3 12.0

Criminal justice 556 30.2 24.1 22.5 11.0 14.0

Community or religious agency/org. 453 30.7 42.8 26.7 22.7 12.4

Community health center 103 50.5 44.7 35.0 44.7 17.5

Multiple or unknown settings 496 53.4 53.2 28.8 28.4 15.3

26

Special group

Percent of facilities offering programs

Table 3.3

Substance abuse treatment facilities offering programs for special groups, by ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997

Ownership and organizational setting 1 All facilities

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
Private non-profit Private for-profit Local govt State govt Federal govt Tribal govt

Services

No. of facilities 8,958 5,465 1,956 788 400 245 104

Assessment services 94.5 93.3 96.5 95.8 94.5 99.2 97.1

Comprehensive substance abuse assessment/diagnosis 92.0 90.7 94.0 94.3 90.8 98.0 95.2

Comprehensive mental health assessment/diagnosis 43.2 39.8 48.6 45.8 44.0 68.6 37.5

Other 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.7 7.3 9.4 6.7

Therapy 98.3 98.0 98.8 98.2 98.3 99.6 99.0

Family counseling 72.7 72.0 78.2 71.6 57.5 71.8 77.9

Group therapy (excl. relapse prevention) 87.9 90.0 80.0 90.2 93.8 87.8 83.7

Individual therapy 93.6 93.2 94.2 94.4 93.5 95.5 97.1

Pharmacotherapies/prescription medication 40.2 38.9 36.7 49.9 43.5 68.6 22.1

Relapse prevention groups 72.3 74.6 62.7 72.5 79.5 85.7 70.2

Other 6.1 6.0 5.4 5.5 8.8 11.0 9.6

Testing 80.3 82.3 73.7 79.6 87.8 89.0 58.7

Blood alcohol testing (incl. breathalyzer) 39.5 38.6 36.5 44.8 39.8 74.3 18.3

Drug/alcohol urine screening 74.8 76.8 69.1 71.8 82.8 82.0 52.9

Hair analysis 1.3 1.2 1.9 1.4 0.8 0.8 -

Hepatitis testing 18.8 17.3 15.8 17.4 33.5 57.1 18.3

HIV testing 33.5 34.9 21.1 34.6 53.3 72.7 13.5

STD testing 22.1 21.0 18.1 22.0 40.3 53.9 17.3

TB screening 39.2 39.6 28.4 45.3 62.3 62.0 34.6

Other 2.6 1.8 3.3 3.3 4.8 7.8 2.9

Health services 72.8 76.1 60.7 72.5 81.8 82.9 70.2

Family planning 7.0 7.5 3.8 8.0 10.3 6.1 22.1

Medical care (incl. physical exams) 29.5 29.5 21.6 27.3 50.0 63.3 36.5

Prenatal care 7.2 7.6 3.2 9.5 12.5 9.0 22.1

Perinatal care 4.8 5.1 1.8 7.7 6.0 5.3 13.5

TB treatment 11.2 10.7 4.4 13.2 26.8 41.6 16.3

Health education (other than HIV/AIDS) 52.9 56.8 37.5 52.9 63.0 71.0 59.6

HIV/AIDS education/counseling/support 58.0 62.6 41.9 59.5 69.5 60.8 55.8

Smoking cessation 21.7 20.7 19.2 18.1 28.3 62.0 32.7

Other 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.5 0.8 1.9

Continuing Care 77.4 77.9 77.5 73.4 66.3 92.7 90.4

Aftercare counseling 73.2 72.6 75.6 69.7 60.5 91.4 89.4

Alumni(ae) groups 24.7 27.4 21.1 17.3 21.8 26.1 13.5

Other 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.4 0.5 3.3 4.8

See notes at end of table.

Facilities Ownership

responding to 

mail survey 1

27

Table 3.4

Substance abuse treatment facilities offering specified services, by ownership: October 1, 1997

Percent of facilities providing service

Page 1 of 2
Private non-profit Private for-profit Local govt State govt Federal govt Tribal govt

Services

No. of facilities 8,958 5,465 1,956 788 400 245 104

Transitional Services 90.2 93.3 80.1 92.9 91.5 91.4 91.3

Assistance with obtaining social services 45.5 51.7 25.7 52.2 40.5 45.3 59.6

Discharge planning 75.3 78.9 62.8 78.2 80.8 73.9 76.0

Employment counseling/training 31.4 35.9 17.7 27.5 36.8 44.5 31.7

Housing assistance 27.2 32.5 11.3 25.9 25.5 40.8 31.7

Referral to other services 83.1 86.6 70.9 86.7 83.5 88.2 82.7

Other 1.1 1.0 0.7 1.1 1.5 4.5 1.0

Community Outreach 75.4 78.0 68.5 77.5 60.0 83.3 92.3

Drug and alcohol education 64.4 66.1 59.8 66.4 50.3 69.8 88.5

Outreach/early intervention 37.0 39.4 25.1 47.6 23.0 50.2 73.1

Media presentations (T.V., radio, brochures) 40.4 44.2 32.7 41.2 30.5 31.8 37.5

Membership in a community partnership program 33.6 38.1 21.1 39.2 23.3 29.4 38.5

Other 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.2 0.8 3.3 1.0

Other Services 89.8 92.3 79.8 92.1 95.5 93.1 98.1

Academic education/GED classes 15.3 17.2 7.2 11.3 35.8 13.1 26.0

Acupuncture 4.8 4.9 3.9 7.7 5.0 1.2 -

Case management services 50.2 54.9 32.3 56.0 51.3 58.4 70.2

Child care 10.2 12.9 2.8 15.9 5.3 2.0 8.7

Communication skills 36.4 37.9 31.5 31.0 44.8 47.3 35.6

Detoxification from substance of abuse 24.5 23.5 24.9 26.0 22.8 49.4 10.6

Domestic violence - family/partner violence services (physical, 

sexual, emotional abuse) 29.2 28.5 30.4 28.8 26.8 29.0 54.8

Home visits 19.1 21.2 9.5 25.4 15.5 14.7 67.3

Life skills for independent living 33.3 38.9 18.1 28.8 41.5 28.6 36.5

Outcome follow-up (post-discharge) 36.4 39.9 26.1 33.2 32.0 48.2 54.8

Parenting/family skills development 38.4 41.9 30.3 40.0 37.8 16.7 46.2

Self-help groups, incl. 12-step programs 56.1 59.9 41.3 51.0 73.3 71.0 75.0

Socialization/recreational services 35.4 40.8 17.7 27.9 46.8 49.8 62.5

Transportation assistance to treatment 38.8 43.9 21.2 46.8 31.0 38.8 72.1

Women's groups 2.0 2.3 1.5 2.0 1.5 1.2 2.9

Other 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.3 2.0 4.8

28

Facilities 

responding to 

mail survey 1

Ownership

Percent of facilities providing service

Table 3.4

Substance abuse treatment facilities offering specified services, by ownership: October 1, 1997

1

 Facilities that completed the survey by telephone were not asked about these services. 

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Page 2 of 2
Outpatient Residential

Outpatient 

& 

residential

Community 

mental 

health 

center

Solo or 

group 

practice

General 

hospital 

(incl. VA)

Psychiatric 

or other 

specialized 

hospital

Criminal 

justice

Community 

or religious 

agency/org

Community 

health 

center

Multiple/ 

Unknown

Services

Total 8,958 2,255 1,307 533 1,412 953 883 450 442 324 74 325

Assessment services 94.5 97.2 82.4 95.7 98.8 95.1 98.2 98.0 92.1 90.7 98.6 93.5

Comprehensive substance abuse 

assessment/diagnosis 92.0 96.5 78.0 94.4 96.5 91.4 95.6 96.0 87.6 87.7 98.6 89.5

Comprehensive mental health 

assessment/diagnosis 43.2 23.5 21.6 21.6 80.5 54.0 65.8 74.2 24.0 24.7 31.1 51.1

Other 5.0 3.5 5.6 5.4 4.6 4.2 5.5 6.9 7.0 6.5 8.1 6.5

Therapy 98.3 98.6 96.3 99.6 99.4 98.4 98.0 98.4 98.0 99.4 97.3 96.3

Family counseling 72.7 69.6 57.5 78.8 88.2 81.4 78.5 87.3 38.7 68.2 62.2 70.5

Group therapy (excl. relapse prevention) 87.9 89.3 89.2 96.2 91.4 68.6 90.6 94.4 92.3 83.0 79.7 84.0

Individual therapy 93.6 94.7 88.1 96.6 97.9 94.8 91.7 94.4 89.1 94.8 95.9 90.5

Pharmacotherapies/prescription 

medication 40.2 28.0 28.2 33.0 67.1 23.5 71.8 77.3 17.2 17.3 29.7 36.0

Relapse prevention groups 72.3 72.0 81.6 88.7 69.5 47.7 77.1 84.4 77.6 63.6 64.9 67.1

Other 6.1 5.6 6.6 7.5 5.0 4.5 6.7 9.3 6.6 8.3 9.5 5.5

Testing 80.3 84.8 91.0 94.2 68.3 52.5 94.3 94.2 81.2 72.8 81.1 66.8

Blood alcohol testing (incl. breathalyzer) 39.5 38.9 36.0 50.1 28.5 20.5 76.2 66.4 28.5 28.1 45.9 31.4

Drug/alcohol urine screening 74.8 80.0 83.0 90.8 61.4 48.1 92.4 92.4 75.6 59.6 73.0 57.8

Hair analysis 1.3 1.8 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.4 2.0 2.2 1.8 0.6 1.4 0.3

Hepatitis testing 18.8 12.6 19.0 19.7 7.1 4.3 54.7 52.0 17.0 10.2 35.1 17.2

HIV testing 33.5 27.1 43.4 49.5 17.8 8.0 67.5 57.8 35.5 25.6 51.4 28.6

STD testing 22.1 15.7 23.4 28.9 10.4 5.9 57.1 49.1 22.2 12.7 54.1 18.8

TB screening 39.2 30.8 53.9 61.0 24.4 8.8 69.5 68.0 41.9 29.9 62.2 34.5

Other 2.6 2.2 2.2 2.8 1.8 2.5 5.0 5.8 2.0 0.6 4.1 1.5

See notes at end of table.

Facilities 

responding to 

mail 

survey 2

Table 3.5

Substance abuse treatment facilities offering specified services, by organizational setting: October 1, 1997

Organizational setting 1

29

Specialty substance abuse treatment

Percent of facilities providing service

Page 1 of 3
Outpatient Residential

Outpatient 

& 

residential

Community 

mental 

health 

center

Solo or 

group 

practice

General 

hospital 

(incl. VA)

Psychiatric 

or other 

specialized 

hospital

Criminal 

justice

Community 

or religious 

agency/org

Community 

health 

center

Multiple/ 

Unknown

Services

No. of facilities 8,958 2,255 1,307 533 1,412 953 883 450 442 324 74 325

Health services 72.8 70.6 85.5 87.6 61.6 46.2 88.3 87.1 74.7 72.2 90.5 70.5

Family planning 7.0 4.7 10.0 8.6 4.5 3.9 8.7 5.8 8.6 8.0 43.2 14.5

Medical care (incl. physical exams) 29.5 19.3 37.3 42.4 12.0 6.2 71.1 64.0 35.5 17.6 62.2 27.7

Prenatal care 7.2 4.7 8.2 8.8 3.3 1.2 18.2 8.9 6.8 7.1 47.3 11.7

Perinatal care 4.8 3.2 4.7 6.2 2.7 0.6 11.9 4.0 4.5 6.2 31.1 9.2

TB treatment 11.2 6.7 14.8 10.1 3.8 2.2 32.4 16.2 20.6 7.4 31.1 10.2

Health education (other than HIV/AIDS) 52.9 47.6 69.2 70.7 40.2 21.4 74.2 72.0 53.4 51.5 75.7 54.5

HIV/AIDS education/counseling/support 58.0 57.8 72.6 74.9 50.3 24.9 68.0 67.1 61.3 57.7 75.7 55.7

Smoking cessation 21.7 14.3 25.0 25.1 13.8 22.2 40.3 29.6 18.6 19.4 41.9 28.0

Other 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.7 2.4 1.6 0.6 1.8 0.9 2.2 4.1 1.8

Continuing Care 77.4 78.4 72.1 93.1 78.6 74.7 80.3 81.3 67.4 75.9 75.7 72.0

Aftercare counseling 73.2 77.0 56.4 89.1 76.9 73.6 76.9 78.4 62.0 71.3 75.7 69.2

Alumni(ae) groups 24.7 16.8 46.4 44.1 13.5 10.4 31.4 40.7 24.4 20.1 20.3 16.3

Other 1.3 1.0 1.5 2.3 0.8 1.2 1.8 1.6 0.9 2.2 - 1.8

Transitional Services 90.2 88.9 96.9 97.2 91.1 70.0 95.4 96.4 89.6 93.8 91.9 90.5

Assistance with obtaining social services 45.5 34.7 63.2 58.3 54.7 19.4 52.3 49.1 32.8 52.8 74.3 44.9

Discharge planning 75.3 71.2 90.6 91.6 71.4 45.2 86.7 92.4 78.3 66.0 73.0 70.5

Employment counseling/training 31.4 23.6 51.8 46.2 26.8 16.3 23.9 28.7 45.0 47.2 29.7 34.2

Housing assistance 27.2 16.7 46.5 42.6 29.4 8.1 24.0 33.8 25.8 42.3 40.5 27.4

Referral to other services 83.1 81.1 90.6 93.1 84.1 62.3 88.9 90.2 76.7 87.0 85.1 84.9

Other 1.1 0.7 1.5 0.8 1.3 0.4 0.9 1.6 1.4 1.2 5.4 2.2

Community Outreach 75.4 77.7 65.4 82.2 83.4 63.1 80.6 81.1 52.7 86.7 93.2 83.7

Drug and alcohol education 64.4 69.0 49.5 68.7 73.5 55.9 67.6 72.7 43.2 68.2 85.1 70.8

Outreach/early intervention 37.0 42.3 19.0 41.1 51.8 23.9 36.2 39.8 17.0 46.9 62.2 48.6

Media presentations (T.V., radio, 

brochures) 40.4 40.8 33.4 48.8 48.2 23.9 48.4 57.3 20.1 48.8 44.6 41.2

Membership in a community partnership 

program 33.6 33.3 27.2 39.0 43.0 18.6 34.8 36.9 22.4 51.9 41.9 42.5

Other 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 1.6 1.0 1.4 2.9 0.9 2.8 - 1.2

See notes at end of table.

Facilities 

responding to 

mail 

survey 2

Specialty substance abuse treatment

Percent of facilities providing service

30

Table 3.5

Substance abuse treatment facilities offering specified services, by organizational setting: October 1, 1997

Organizational setting 1

Page 2 of 3
Outpatient Residential

Outpatient 

& 

residential

Community 

mental 

health 

center

Solo or 

group 

practice

General 

hospital 

(incl. VA)

Psychiatric 

or other 

specialized 

hospital

Criminal 

justice

Community 

or religious 

agency/org

Community 

health 

center

Multiple/ 

Unknown

Services

No. of facilities 8,958 2,255 1,307 533 1,412 953 883 450 442 324 74 325

Other Services 89.8 84.7 97.6 98.7 91.4 71.7 94.9 96.7 91.6 95.1 97.3 92.6

Academic education/GED classes 15.3 6.9 32.7 31.3 6.6 2.5 8.4 20.9 44.6 25.0 10.8 15.7

Acupuncture 4.8 7.5 3.7 3.8 2.5 1.7 5.8 4.9 4.1 8.6 9.5 4.6

Case management services 50.2 44.7 53.9 65.5 65.4 22.2 45.8 54.7 53.4 59.0 74.3 51.7

Child care 10.2 12.9 10.3 19.1 10.3 2.6 5.1 7.1 3.2 17.9 27.0 15.4

Communication skills 36.4 27.5 50.4 48.0 32.4 29.8 34.1 42.7 47.3 35.2 40.5 42.8

Detoxification from substance of abuse 24.5 17.5 21.9 38.8 16.5 8.0 65.9 61.1 9.7 10.5 9.5 19.1

violence services (physical, sexual, 

emotional abuse) 29.2 21.3 23.7 25.3 41.6 38.1 23.4 26.4 34.8 31.2 45.9 37.8

Home visits 19.1 13.8 13.0 18.9 37.8 9.9 10.9 12.0 13.1 41.4 44.6 38.5

Life skills for independent living 33.3 19.6 61.4 52.9 34.8 12.1 21.9 36.9 45.0 46.9 41.9 32.6

Outcome follow-up (post-discharge) 36.4 30.6 45.7 59.8 36.3 20.8 36.7 44.4 29.0 38.9 47.3 39.4

Parenting/family skills development 38.4 33.1 42.0 43.9 49.8 33.1 24.5 32.2 40.7 50.0 63.5 43.1

Self-help or mutual-help groups 56.1 43.2 84.5 84.4 41.4 26.4 70.8 76.9 71.5 50.9 55.4 52.0

Socialization/recreational services 35.4 19.6 72.1 67.9 26.4 7.5 33.4 44.2 41.4 49.7 35.1 34.8

Transportation assistance to treatment 38.8 30.0 59.8 61.0 40.6 9.1 37.6 52.0 23.5 55.2 58.1 43.4

Women's groups 2.0 2.9 2.2 3.6 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.6 0.7 1.2 4.1 0.9

Other 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.5 0.9 2.3 2.5 1.4 0.9

Facilities 

responding to 

mail 

survey 2

Table 3.5

Substance abuse treatment facilities offering specified services, by organizational setting: October 1, 1997

Percent of facilities providing service

31

Specialty substance abuse treatment

Organizational setting 1

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

2

 Facilities that completed the survey by telephone were not asked about these services. 

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Page 3 of 3
Total

25% or 

less 26-50% 51-75%

More 

than 75% Total

25% or 

less 26-50% 51-75%

More 

than 75%

No. of facilities 108,974 83.8 2,683 83 263 463 1,874 100.0 3.1 9.8 17.3 69.8

Ownership

Private non-profit 71,791 83.0 2,043 51 181 344 1,467 100.0 2.5 8.9 16.8 71.8

Private for-profit 9,725 76.8 231 19 37 42 133 100.0 8.2 16.0 18.2 57.6

Local, county, or community government 5,738 85.0 152 8 22 28 94 100.0 5.3 14.5 18.4 61.8

State government 18,936 90.6 159 3 13 31 112 100.0 1.9 8.2 19.5 70.4

Federal government 2,232 77.1 62 2 5 11 44 100.0 3.2 8.1 17.7 71.0

Dept. of Veterans Affairs 1,963 77.9 49 - 5 10 34 100.0 - 10.2 20.4 69.4

Dept. of Defense 158 57.0 5 2 - 1 2 100.0 40.0 - 20.0 40.0

Indian Health Service 78 93.6 6 - - - 6 100.0 - - - 100.0

Other 33 81.8 2 - - - 2 100.0 - - - 100.0

Tribal government 552 83.3 36 - 5 7 24 100.0 - 13.9 19.4 66.7

Organizational setting

Specialty substance abuse treatment 62,245 82.8 1,767 25 137 317 1,288 100.0 1.4 7.8 17.9 72.9

Outpatient 359 95.0 18 - 1 2 15 100.0 - 5.6 11.1 83.3

Residential (incl. halfway house, 

therapeutic community) 44,247 83.5 1,273 10 91 218 954 100.0 0.8 7.1 17.1 74.9

Outpatient & residential 17,639 80.8 476 15 45 97 319 100.0 3.2 9.5 20.4 67.0

Community mental health center/Other 

mental health facility 5,197 90.0 194 9 22 36 127 100.0 4.6 11.3 18.6 65.5

Solo or group practice 883 79.3 28 3 3 6 16 100.0 10.7 10.7 21.4 57.1

General hospital (incl. VA) 3,281 68.5 122 18 24 28 52 100.0 14.8 19.7 23.0 42.6

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 5,069 69.0 131 19 31 24 57 100.0 14.5 23.7 18.3 43.5

Criminal justice 21,907 90.0 192 6 13 23 150 100.0 3.1 6.8 12.0 78.1

Community or religious agency/org. 6,435 86.9 140 - 19 9 112 100.0 - 13.6 6.4 80.0

Community health center 708 92.8 15 - 2 2 11 100.0 - 13.3 13.3 73.3

Multiple or unknown settings 3,249 81.8 94 3 12 18 61 100.0 3.2 12.8 19.1 64.9

32

Utilization rate

Number

Table 3.6

Substance abuse treatment facilities with residential beds available for substance abuse treatment,1 by utilization rate, according to ownership and 

organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

Ownership and organizational setting Percent 2

Overall 

utilization 

rate (%)

Beds 

available

1

 This table is based on the 2,683 facilities reporting both residential clients and residential capacity (89 percent of the 3,022 facilties that reported residential clients).

2

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
Total

25% or 

less 26-50% 51-75%

More 

than 75% Total

25% or 

less 26-50% 51-75%

More 

than 75%

No. of facilities 23,263 52.0 948 255 252 185 256 100.0 26.9 26.6 19.5 27.0

Ownership

Private non-profit 10,682 47.5 503 138 145 104 116 100.0 27.4 28.8 20.7 23.1

Private for-profit 7,979 42.5 258 92 74 48 44 100.0 35.7 28.7 18.6 17.1

Local, county, or community government 1,368 71.6 59 14 13 11 21 100.0 23.7 22.0 18.6 35.6

State government 1,966 86.4 54 3 5 10 36 100.0 5.6 9.3 18.5 66.7

Federal government 1,260 74.4 73 8 15 12 38 100.0 11.0 20.5 16.4 52.1

Dept. of Veterans Affairs 1,206 74.0 67 6 14 11 36 100.0 9.0 20.9 16.4 53.7

Dept. of Defense 50 88.0 5 1 1 1 2 100.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 40.0

Indian Health Service 4 25.0 1 1 - - - 100.0 100.0 - - -

Other - - - - - - - - - - - -

Tribal government 8 112.5 1 - - - 1 100.0 - - - 100.0

Organizational setting

Specialty substance abuse treatment 1,182 66.5 44 4 10 5 25 100.0 9.1 22.7 11.4 56.8

Outpatient 176 49.4 10 2 3 2 3 100.0 20.0 30.0 20.0 30.0

Residential (incl. halfway house, 

therapeutic community) 671 76.8 17 - 3 2 12 100.0 - 17.6 11.8 70.6

Outpatient & residential 335 54.9 17 2 4 1 10 100.0 11.8 23.5 5.9 58.8

Community mental health center/Other 

mental health facility 613 77.3 36 9 12 9 6 100.0 25.0 33.3 25.0 16.7

Solo or group practice 249 28.1 14 7 3 3 1 100.0 50.0 21.4 21.4 7.1

General hospital (incl. VA) 9,995 48.9 513 142 140 100 131 100.0 27.7 27.3 19.5 25.5

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 10,478 50.9 313 92 80 60 81 100.0 29.4 25.6 19.2 25.9

Criminal justice 145 68.3 9 - 5 1 3 100.0 - 55.6 11.1 33.3

Community or religious agency/org. 62 62.9 2 - - 2 - 100.0 - - 100.0 -

Community health center 2 100.0 1 - - - 1 100.0 - - - 100.0

Multiple or unknown settings 537 75.6 16 1 2 5 8 100.0 6.3 12.5 31.3 50.0

33

Utilization rate

Number

Table 3.7

Substance abuse treatment facilities with hospital inpatient beds available for substance abuse treatment,1 by utilization rate, according to ownership 

and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

Ownership and organizational setting Percent 2

Overall 

utilization 

rate (%)

Beds 

available

1

 This table is based on the 948 facilities reporting both hospital inpatient clients and hospital inpatient capacity (87 percent of the 1,088 facilities that reported hospital inpatient 

clients).

2

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
Total

Client payments

Private 

health 

insurance

MedicaidMedicareFederal 

govt

State 

govt 3

Local 

govt

Other 

public 

revenue

Other 

revenue/ 

Unk 4

Total 10,860 $6,276 81.6 $5,244 100.0 10.2 14.2 17.1 3.5 7.2 32.7 6.4 3.6 5.0

Ownership

Private non-profit 6,498 $3,821 86.0 $3,346 100.0 9.7 13.7 18.9 3.1 5.3 33.1 6.7 3.0 6.3

Private for-profit 2,550 $1,136 72.0 $787 100.0 21.2 32.3 19.7 8.4 1.8 11.6 2.5 1.0 1.6

Local government 887 $594 89.1 $542 100.0 7.0 5.3 16.9 1.6 6.1 38.6 14.9 5.6 4.1

State government 483 $505 71.0 $417 100.0 1.2 1.0 4.3 0.3 5.2 72.3 2.2 11.6 1.9

Federal government 293 $173 61.4 $112 100.0 0.2 0.7 0.4 - 95.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 2.6

Dept. of Veterans Affairs 154 $126 59.1 $93 100.0 0.1 0.9 0.1 - 95.5 0.7 - - 2.8

Dept. of Defense 102 $28 64.7 $9 100.0 - 0.0 - - 97.8 - 0.0 0.1 2.1

Indian Health Service 35 $18 60.0 $8 100.0 1.2 0.0 5.5 - 87.0 5.5 - 0.1 0.8

Other 2 $2 100.0 $2 100.0 - - - - 90.9 9.0 - - 0.1

Tribal government 149 $46 83.9 $40 100.0 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.0 69.2 8.5 5.9 6.9 7.6

Organizational setting

Specialty substance abuse treatment 4,618 $2,708 87.3 $2,422 100.0 11.0 10.7 13.8 0.3 7.6 39.8 8.7 3.2 4.9

Outpatient 2,523 $1,010 85.2 $883 100.0 15.3 10.0 24.0 0.5 5.8 32.1 6.9 1.9 3.4

Residential (incl. halfway house, 

therapeutic community) 1,442 $1,007 91.1 $900 100.0 8.1 8.3 8.3 0.1 7.8 47.7 9.5 4.5 5.7

Outpatient & residential 653 $691 87.0 $638 100.0 9.2 15.0 7.4 0.1 9.7 39.5 10.2 3.0 5.9

Community mental health center or other 

mental health facility 1,646 $623 85.4 $543 100.0 11.5 8.6 14.0 2.4 6.5 43.0 6.9 2.1 5.1

Solo or group practice 1,288 $228 75.7 $116 100.0 31.0 21.6 13.4 0.8 2.5 16.9 3.5 1.7 8.7

General hospital (incl. VA) 1,099 $1,045 69.4 $798 100.0 8.5 25.9 33.9 8.2 10.5 6.7 1.8 0.9 3.5

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 601 $833 69.4 $695 100.0 9.1 26.6 20.8 13.1 4.7 17.1 2.2 4.6 1.9

Criminal justice 556 $378 76.8 $304 100.0 3.0 1.1 1.9 0.1 4.4 63.7 5.3 15.8 4.6

Community or religious agency/org. 453 $176 82.1 $131 100.0 8.3 6.1 11.8 0.3 6.9 39.8 9.4 2.9 14.5

Community health center 103 $48 85.4 $42 100.0 12.1 7.8 16.7 2.2 12.9 23.8 10.4 8.1 5.9

Multiple or unknown settings 496 $237 77.6 $194 100.0 7.6 4.8 15.3 1.2 7.0 36.0 11.2 3.3 13.5

No. of 

facilities

Table 3.8

Annual facility revenue and revenue source by ownership and organizational setting: 1997

34

Reported revenue 1 Estimated revenue 1

Revenue source

Ownership and organizational setting Percent 2

Total 

revenue - 

reported

(millions)

% of all 

facilities 

reporting 

revenue

Total 

revenue - 

imputed

(millions)

1 8,864 (82% of 10,860 facilities) reported revenue and revenue source data. Total revenue, but not revenue source, was imputed for the remaining 1,996 facilities (Appendix C).

2

 See Appendix B for a discussion of organizational setting.

3

 Includes Federal block grant funds.

4

 Includes revenue from charities, donations, fund-raising events, etc., and revenue from unknown sources.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
35

CHAPTER 4

CLIENT CHARACTERISTICS

his chapter describes key characteristics of 44 percent. CMHCs and other mental health

Tclients in substance abuse treatment on

October 1, 1997. Clients in treatment are de- tals, 10 percent.

fined as: 1) hospital inpatient and residential

clients receiving treatment (and not discharged)

on the reference date, and 2) outpatient clients

enrolled on the reference date who received a Tables 4.2a and 4.2b. The UFDS survey requested

substance abuse treatment service during the data on clients in treatment on October 1, 1997

prior month. Also used in these tables are the who were in outpatient treatment (either intenfacility descriptors ownership and organizational sive, i.e., two or more hours per day on three or

setting. Ownership indicates the type of entity more days per week, or non-intensive), in resiresponsible for the operation of the facility: dential treatment (rehabilitation and detoxificaprivate for-profit, private non-profit, or govern- tion), and in hospital inpatient treatment (rehament (Federal, State, local, or tribal). Organiza- bilitation and detoxification). 

tional setting indicates the setting within which

services are delivered and, for settings specializ- Most clients (87 percent) received outpatient

ing in substance abuse treatment, the general treatment. Only 17 percent of outpatient clients

type of care offered. (15 percent of all clients) received intensive 1

Clients by Facility Ownership and Organizational Setting

Table 4.1a. About half (55 percent) of all clients hospital inpatient rehabilitation, and hospital

in treatment on October 1, 1997 were treated in inpatient detoxification).

private non-profit facilities. Government-owned

facilities treated 27 percent of all clients; about General and psychiatric/specialized hospitals

half of these were in local government facilities. were the organizational settings with the highest

Private for-profit facilities treated 18 percent of proportions of hospital inpatient clients (6 and

clients. 14 percent, respectively). However, most clients

Table 4.1b. Specialty substance abuse treatment outpatient treatment programs within hospital

facilities treated the largest proportion of clients, organizations.

facilities treated 19 percent, and general hospiClients by Type of Care

outpatient treatment. Ten percent of clients

received residential rehabilitation. About 1

percent of all clients were in each of the three

remaining categories (residential detoxification,

in these settings were outpatient, representing

 The 1997 UFDS questionnaire permitted some facilities 1

to indicate more than one setting. For this report, each

facility was assigned to a single organizational setting (see

Appendix B for details).
36

Clients by Substance of Abuse Clients Receiving Opioid Substitutes

Table 4.3. Some 41 percent of clients were in Table 4.5. Facilities were asked whether they

treatment for abuse of both drugs and alcohol. dispensed the opioid substitutes methadone or

One-third were in treatment for drug abuse LAAM, and if so, how many clients received

alone, and one-quarter for alcohol abuse alone. them. Overall, 138,000 clients in treatment (15

Clients in treatment in facilities owned by the ing either methadone or LAAM. Methadone

VA exhibited a high proportion of both alcohol predominated; it was given to 98 percent of

and drug abuse (52 percent). Facilities operated clients receiving opioid substitutes. Slightly over

by the Department of Defense had a high pro- half (53 percent) of clients receiving opioid

portion of clients (79 percent) who abused substitutes were treated at private non-profit

alcohol alone, as did facilities owned by the facilities; 31 percent were treated at private forIndian Health Service or tribal governments (52 profit facilities.

and 57 percent, respectively). Forty percent of

clients in private for-profit facilities abused Opioid substitutes were most commonly disdrugs alone. pensed in outpatient specialty substance abuse

Clients in residential or mixed outpa- opioid substitute clients. These were followed

tient/residential facilities, community health by general hospitals (14 percent) and solo/group

centers, or psychiatric/specialized hospitals were practices (8 percent). 

more likely to have both alcohol and drug problems (58, 53, 54, and 49 percent, respectively). Facilities dispensing opioid substitutes tended to

Clients in outpatient specialty substance abuse specialize in this form of treatment. In private

treatment facilities were more likely to abuse non-profit facilities dispensing opioid substidrugs alone (43 percent). tutes, 82 percent of all clients received them. In

Client Demographics

Table 4.4. Two-thirds of clients in substance

abuse treatment on October 1, 1997 were male.

Fifty-seven percent were white (not of Hispanic

origin), 25 percent were black (not of Hispanic

origin) and 14 percent were Hispanic. Most

clients (58 percent) were between 25 and 44

years of age.

Only 26 percent of clients in residential treatment were female, although females comprised

32 percent of the total treatment population.

Forty percent of hospital inpatient clients were

black, compared to 25 percent of the total treatment population. 

percent of all clients) were reported to be receivtreatment facilities, which treated 61 percent of

private for-profit facilities dispensing opioid

substitutes, 95 percent of all clients received

them.
Total

Private 

non-profit

Private forprofit Local govtState 

govt

Federal 

govt

Tribal 

govt Total

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt

Federal 

govt

Tribal 

govt

Organizational setting 1

Clients in treatment 929,086 510,680 168,106 123,560 68,133 48,683 9,924 100.0 55.0 18.1 13.3 7.3 5.2 1.1

Specialty substance abuse treatment 412,577 253,531 80,334 42,965 22,087 9,101 4,559 100.0 61.5 19.5 10.4 5.4 2.2 1.1

Outpatient 306,607 176,685 72,030 32,627 15,963 6,511 2,791 100.0 57.6 23.5 10.6 5.2 2.1 0.9

Residential (incl. halfway house, 

therapeutic community) 43,910 34,366 3,640 2,548 2,922 109 325 100.0 78.3 8.3 5.8 6.7 0.2 0.7

Outpatient & residential 62,060 42,480 4,664 7,790 3,202 2,481 1,443 100.0 68.4 7.5 12.6 5.2 4.0 2.3

Community mental health center/Other 

mental health facility 172,326 95,952 12,751 51,435 8,793 1,442 1,953 100.0 55.7 7.4 29.8 5.1 0.8 1.1

Solo or group practice 66,607 15,642 49,359 1,395 157 51 3 100.0 23.5 74.1 2.1 0.2 0.1 0.0

General hospital (incl. VA) 95,638 52,833 3,865 7,808 862 30,140 130 100.0 55.2 4.0 8.2 0.9 31.5 0.1

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 48,659 18,077 11,101 8,131 3,897 7,202 251 100.0 37.2 22.8 16.7 8.0 14.8 0.5

Criminal justice 59,597 17,485 6,926 6,882 28,294 - 10 100.0 29.3 11.6 11.5 47.5 - 0.0

Community or religious agency/org. 31,245 27,350 1,991 1,247 469 54 134 100.0 87.5 6.4 4.0 1.5 0.2 0.4

Community health center 8,032 4,918 50 1,491 921 195 457 100.0 61.2 0.6 18.6 11.5 2.4 5.7

Multiple or unknown settings 34,405 24,892 1,729 2,206 2,653 498 2,427 100.0 72.3 5.0 6.4 7.7 1.4 7.1

37

Table 4.1a

Substance abuse treatment clients by facility ownership, according to organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

Percent

Ownership

Number

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
Total

Private 

non-profit

Private forprofit Local govtState 

govt

Federal 

govt

Tribal 

govt Total

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt

Federal 

govt

Tribal 

govt

Organizational setting 1

Clients in treatment 929,086 510,680 168,106 123,560 68,133 48,683 9,924 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Specialty substance abuse treatment 412,577 253,531 80,334 42,965 22,087 9,101 4,559 44.4 49.6 47.8 34.8 32.4 18.7 45.9

Outpatient 306,607 176,685 72,030 32,627 15,963 6,511 2,791 33.0 34.6 42.8 26.4 23.4 13.4 28.1

Residential (incl. halfway house, 

therapeutic community) 43,910 34,366 3,640 2,548 2,922 109 325 4.7 6.7 2.2 2.1 4.3 0.2 3.3

Outpatient & residential 62,060 42,480 4,664 7,790 3,202 2,481 1,443 6.7 8.3 2.8 6.3 4.7 5.1 14.5

Community mental health center/Other 

mental health facility 172,326 95,952 12,751 51,435 8,793 1,442 1,953 18.5 18.8 7.6 41.6 12.9 3.0 19.7

Solo or group practice 66,607 15,642 49,359 1,395 157 51 3 7.2 3.1 29.4 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.0

General hospital (incl. VA) 95,638 52,833 3,865 7,808 862 30,140 130 10.3 10.3 2.3 6.3 1.3 61.9 1.3

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 48,659 18,077 11,101 8,131 3,897 7,202 251 5.2 3.5 6.6 6.6 5.7 14.8 2.5

Criminal justice 59,597 17,485 6,926 6,882 28,294 - 10 6.4 3.4 4.1 5.6 41.5 - 0.1

Community or religious agency/org. 31,245 27,350 1,991 1,247 469 54 134 3.4 5.4 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.1 1.4

Community health center 8,032 4,918 50 1,491 921 195 457 0.9 1.0 0.0 1.2 1.4 0.4 4.6

Multiple or unknown settings 34,405 24,892 1,729 2,206 2,653 498 2,427 3.7 4.9 1.0 1.8 3.9 1.0 24.5

38

Table 4.1b

Substance abuse treatment clients by organizational setting, according to facility ownership: October 1, 1997 

Percent

Ownership

Number

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
Total

NonintensiveIntensive Rehab Detox Rehab Detox TotalNonintensiveIntensive Rehab Detox Rehab Detox

Clients in treatment 929,086 674,444 134,512 95,274 8,476 8,287 8,093 100.0 72.6 14.5 10.3 0.9 0.9 0.9

Ownership

Private non-profit 510,680 362,409 75,081 59,499 5,491 3,590 4,610 100.0 71.0 14.7 11.7 1.1 0.7 0.9

Private for-profit 168,106 131,524 24,294 7,938 699 2,044 1,607 100.0 78.2 14.5 4.7 0.4 1.2 1.0

Local, county, or community govt 123,560 97,310 18,851 4,537 1,851 555 456 100.0 78.8 15.3 3.7 1.5 0.4 0.4

State government 68,133 38,106 6,417 20,935 356 1,503 816 100.0 55.9 9.4 30.7 0.5 2.2 1.2

Federal government 48,683 37,121 8,457 1,884 42 593 586 100.0 76.3 17.4 3.9 0.1 1.2 1.2

Dept. of Veterans Affairs 40,625 30,138 7,636 1,695 29 559 568 100.0 74.2 18.8 4.2 0.1 1.4 1.4

Dept. of Defense 5,862 5,112 603 87 11 33 16 100.0 87.2 10.3 1.5 0.2 0.6 0.3

Indian Health Service 2,163 1,871 212 75 2 1 2 100.0 86.5 9.8 3.5 0.1 0.0 0.1

Other 33 - 6 27 - - - 100.0 - 18.2 81.8 - - -

Tribal government 9,924 7,974 1,412 481 37 2 18 100.0 80.4 14.2 4.8 0.4 0.0 0.2

Organizational setting

Specialty substance abuse treatment 412,577 307,377 47,977 51,539 4,249 953 482 100.0 74.5 11.6 12.5 1.0 0.2 0.1

Outpatient 306,607 269,759 36,348 217 159 48 76 100.0 88.0 11.9 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

Residential (incl. halfway house, 

therapeutic community) 43,910 2,650 1,052 36,636 2,978 402 192 100.0 6.0 2.4 83.4 6.8 0.9 0.4

Outpatient & residential 62,060 34,968 10,577 14,686 1,112 503 214 100.0 56.3 17.0 23.7 1.8 0.8 0.3

Community mental health center/Other 

mental health facility 172,326 139,401 26,299 4,087 1,945 241 353 100.0 80.9 15.3 2.4 1.1 0.1 0.2

Solo or group practice 66,607 57,378 8,278 702 69 89 91 100.0 86.1 12.4 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

General hospital (incl. VA) 95,638 67,926 19,603 2,434 251 2,284 3,140 100.0 71.0 20.5 2.5 0.3 2.4 3.3

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 48,659 26,602 11,440 3,461 487 4,242 2,427 100.0 54.7 23.5 7.1 1.0 8.7 5.0

Criminal justice 59,597 25,971 8,464 24,713 226 126 97 100.0 43.6 14.2 41.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

Community or religious agency/org. 31,245 17,988 6,201 5,591 371 87 1,007 100.0 57.6 19.8 17.9 1.2 0.3 3.2

Community health center 8,032 6,441 806 680 99 - 6 100.0 80.2 10.0 8.5 1.2 - 0.1

Multiple or unknown settings 34,405 25,360 5,444 2,067 779 265 490 100.0 73.7 15.8 6.0 2.3 0.8 1.4

Outpatient Residential Hosp. inpatient

Ownership and organizational setting 1

39

Residential

Table 4.2a

Substance abuse treatment clients by type of care, according to facility ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

Hosp. inpatient

Type of care

Number Percent

Outpatient

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
Total

NonintensiveIntensive Rehab Detox Rehab Detox TotalNonintensiveIntensive Rehab Detox Rehab Detox

Clients in treatment 929,086 674,444 134,512 95,274 8,476 8,287 8,093 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Ownership

Private non-profit 510,680 362,409 75,081 59,499 5,491 3,590 4,610 55.0 53.7 55.8 62.5 64.8 43.3 57.0

Private for-profit 168,106 131,524 24,294 7,938 699 2,044 1,607 18.1 19.5 18.1 8.3 8.2 24.7 19.9

Local, county, or community govt 123,560 97,310 18,851 4,537 1,851 555 456 13.3 14.4 14.0 4.8 21.8 6.7 5.6

State government 68,133 38,106 6,417 20,935 356 1,503 816 7.3 5.6 4.8 22.0 4.2 18.1 10.1

Federal government 48,683 37,121 8,457 1,884 42 593 586 5.2 5.5 6.3 2.0 0.5 7.2 7.2

Dept. of Veterans Affairs 40,625 30,138 7,636 1,695 29 559 568 4.4 4.5 5.7 1.8 0.3 6.7 7.0

Dept. of Defense 5,862 5,112 603 87 11 33 16 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2

Indian Health Service 2,163 1,871 212 75 2 1 2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other 33 - 6 27 - - - 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 - - -

Tribal government 9,924 7,974 1,412 481 37 2 18 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.2

Organizational setting

Specialty substance abuse treatment 412,577 307,377 47,977 51,539 4,249 953 482 44.4 45.6 35.7 54.1 50.1 11.5 6.0

Outpatient 306,607 269,759 36,348 217 159 48 76 33.0 40.0 27.0 0.2 1.9 0.6 0.9

Residential (incl. halfway house, 

therapeutic community) 43,910 2,650 1,052 36,636 2,978 402 192 4.7 0.4 0.8 38.5 35.1 4.9 2.4

Outpatient & residential 62,060 34,968 10,577 14,686 1,112 503 214 6.7 5.2 7.9 15.4 13.1 6.1 2.6

Community mental health center/Other 

mental health facility 172,326 139,401 26,299 4,087 1,945 241 353 18.5 20.7 19.6 4.3 22.9 2.9 4.4

Solo or group practice 66,607 57,378 8,278 702 69 89 91 7.2 8.5 6.2 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.1

General hospital (incl. VA) 95,638 67,926 19,603 2,434 251 2,284 3,140 10.3 10.1 14.6 2.6 3.0 27.6 38.8

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 48,659 26,602 11,440 3,461 487 4,242 2,427 5.2 3.9 8.5 3.6 5.7 51.2 30.0

Criminal justice 59,597 25,971 8,464 24,713 226 126 97 6.4 3.9 6.3 25.9 2.7 1.5 1.2

Community or religious agency/org. 31,245 17,988 6,201 5,591 371 87 1,007 3.4 2.7 4.6 5.9 4.4 1.0 12.4

Community health center 8,032 6,441 806 680 99 - 6 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.7 1.2 - 0.1

Multiple or unknown settings 34,405 25,360 5,444 2,067 779 265 490 3.7 3.8 4.0 2.2 9.2 3.2 6.1

40

Residential

Table 4.2b

Substance abuse treatment clients by facility ownership and organizational setting, according to type of care: October 1, 1997 

Hosp. inpatient

Type of care

Number Percent

Outpatient Residential Hosp. inpatient Outpatient

Ownership and organizational setting 1

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
Total

Both alcohol 

and drug 

abuse

Drug

abuse

only

Alcohol

abuse

only Total

Both alcohol 

and drug 

abuse

Drug

abuse

only

Alcohol

abuse

only

Clients in treatment 929,086 378,838 305,415 244,833 100.0 40.8 32.9 26.4

Ownership

Private non-profit 510,680 217,043 167,843 125,794 100.0 42.5 32.9 24.6

Private for-profit 168,106 58,909 67,862 41,335 100.0 35.0 40.4 24.6

Local, county, or community government 123,560 51,594 36,973 34,993 100.0 41.8 29.9 28.3

State government 68,133 25,182 23,305 19,646 100.0 37.0 34.2 28.8

Federal government 48,683 22,702 8,552 17,429 100.0 46.6 17.6 35.8

Dept. of Veterans Affairs 40,625 21,198 7,755 11,672 100.0 52.2 19.1 28.7

Dept. of Defense 5,862 642 595 4,625 100.0 11.0 10.2 78.9

Indian Health Service 2,163 835 202 1,126 100.0 38.6 9.3 52.1

Other 33 27 - 6 100.0 81.8 - 18.2

Tribal government 9,924 3,408 880 5,636 100.0 34.3 8.9 56.8

Organizational setting

Specialty substance abuse treatment 412,577 160,968 160,813 90,796 100.0 39.0 39.0 22.0

Outpatient 306,607 103,014 132,391 71,202 100.0 33.6 43.2 23.2

Residential (incl. halfway house, therapeutic community) 43,910 25,372 11,819 6,719 100.0 57.8 26.9 15.3

Outpatient & residential 62,060 32,582 16,603 12,875 100.0 52.5 26.8 20.7

Community mental health center/Other mental health facility 172,326 71,649 41,225 59,452 100.0 41.6 23.9 34.5

Solo or group practice 66,607 23,842 22,774 19,991 100.0 35.8 34.2 30.0

General hospital (incl. VA) 95,638 39,933 28,185 27,520 100.0 41.8 29.5 28.8

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 48,659 23,743 11,748 13,168 100.0 48.8 24.1 27.1

Criminal justice 59,597 25,818 19,202 14,577 100.0 43.3 32.2 24.5

Community or religious agency/org. 31,245 13,390 10,537 7,318 100.0 42.9 33.7 23.4

Community health center 8,032 4,303 2,028 1,701 100.0 53.6 25.2 21.2

Multiple or unknown settings 34,405 15,192 8,903 10,310 100.0 44.2 25.9 30.0

41

Substance of abuse

Number

Table 4.3

Substance abuse treatment clients by substance of abuse, according to facility ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

Ownership and organizational setting Percent 1

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
Total 

Hospital 

inpatient

Residential

(24-hour

care) Outpatient Total 

Hospital 

inpatient

Residential

(24-hour

care) Outpatient

Clients in treatment 929,086 16,380 103,750 808,956 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Sex

Male 632,113 11,007 77,265 543,841 68.0 67.2 74.5 67.2

Female 296,973 5,373 26,485 265,115 32.0 32.8 25.5 32.8

Race/ethnicity

White, not of Hispanic origin 524,947 7,702 46,395 470,850 56.5 47.0 44.7 58.2

Black, not of Hispanic origin 230,971 6,559 36,437 187,975 24.9 40.0 35.1 23.2

Hispanic 132,459 1,505 17,553 113,401 14.3 9.2 16.9 14.0

Asian or Pacific Islander 7,697 81 613 7,003 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.9

American Indian/Alaskan Native 24,459 322 2,135 22,002 2.6 2.0 2.1 2.7

Other 8,553 211 617 7,725 0.9 1.3 0.6 1.0

Age-group

Under 18 years 81,456 1,081 9,719 70,656 8.8 6.6 9.4 8.7

18 to 20 years 62,046 901 6,964 54,181 6.7 5.5 6.7 6.7

21 to 24 years 98,330 1,379 11,542 85,409 10.6 8.4 11.1 10.6

25 to 34 years 270,286 3,915 36,049 230,322 29.1 23.9 34.7 28.5

35 to 44 years 264,549 5,463 28,128 230,958 28.5 33.4 27.1 28.6

45 to 64 years 135,758 3,246 10,674 121,838 14.6 19.8 10.3 15.1

65 years & over 16,661 395 674 15,592 1.8 2.4 0.6 1.9

42

Table 4.4

Substance abuse treatment clients by sex, race/ethnicity, and age, according to type of care, October 1, 1997 

Number Percent

Type of care

Sex, race/ethnicity,

and age-group

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 

1997.
Ownership and organizational setting 1 Number Percent Total clients Total Methadone LAAM Total Methadone LAAM

Total 768 100.0 178,263 77.4 138,009 135,696 2,313 100.0 100.0 100.0

Ownership

Private non-profit 386 50.3 89,621 82.0 73,449 72,306 1,143 53.2 53.3 49.4

Private for-profit 234 30.5 45,414 94.5 42,934 42,541 393 31.1 31.4 17.0

Local, county, or community govt 85 11.1 20,046 70.1 14,050 13,822 228 10.2 10.2 9.9

State government 31 4.0 6,692 55.1 3,688 3,659 29 2.7 2.7 1.3

Federal government 32 4.2 16,490 23.6 3,888 3,368 520 2.8 2.5 22.5

Dept. of Veterans Affairs 32 4.2 16,490 23.6 3,888 3,368 520 2.8 2.5 22.5

Dept. of Defense - - - - - - - - - -

Indian Health Service - - - - - - - - - -

Other - - - - - - - - - -

Tribal government - - - - - - - - - -

Organizational setting

Specialty substance abuse treatment 421 54.8 105,998 84.8 89,890 88,599 1,291 65.1 65.3 55.8

Outpatient 370 48.2 93,523 90.5 84,604 83,370 1,234 61.3 61.4 53.4

Residential (incl. halfway house, therapeutic community) 19 2.5 1,340 36.8 493 493 - 0.4 0.4 -

Outpatient & residential 32 4.2 11,135 43.0 4,793 4,736 57 3.5 3.5 2.5

Community mental health center/Other mental health facility 49 6.4 10,530 62.8 6,608 6,487 121 4.8 4.8 5.2

Solo or group practice 43 5.6 11,396 97.6 11,119 10,911 208 8.1 8.0 9.0

General hospital (incl. VA) 161 21.0 32,754 58.1 19,016 18,448 568 13.8 13.6 24.6

Psychiatric or other specialized hospital 53 6.9 7,782 64.9 5,047 5,007 40 3.7 3.7 1.7

Criminal justice 8 1.0 950 60.7 577 557 20 0.4 0.4 0.9

Community or religious agency/org. 10 1.3 3,498 88.4 3,092 3,050 42 2.2 2.2 1.8

Community health center 5 0.7 1,795 41.6 747 747 - 0.5 0.6 -

Multiple or unknown settings 18 2.3 3,560 53.7 1,913 1,890 23 1.4 1.4 1.0

43

Table 4.5

Substance abuse treatment clients receiving opioid substitutes, by facility ownership and organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

Clients in treatment receiving opioid substitutes (methadone or 

LAAM)

Facilities Number Percent

Facilities dispensing opioid substitutes

Percent 

receiving 

opioid 

substitutes

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
44
45

CHAPTER 5

STATE DATA

his chapter presents facility and client data other jurisdictions surveyed, and it had a re- Tby State or jurisdiction. Facilities operated

by Federal agencies are included in the States in

which the facilities are located, although these

facilities may have clients from other States.

These tables are presented for reference only. in treatment were located in eight States. New

Care should be taken in drawing any conclu- York had the largest number of both facilities

sions about differences between States. As and clients, with 11 percent of all facilities and

discussed in Chapter 1, States differ in their 14 percent of all clients. California ranked

systems of licensure/certification and disburse- second, with 11 percent of facilities and 10

ment of public funds. This affects the scope of percent of clients, followed by Michigan, Florifacilities included in UFDS for each State, and da, Texas, Ohio, Illinois, and Pennsylvania.

it may create artifactual differences among

States. Also, no adjustments were made for

survey non-response. In smaller States especially, non-participation of even one or two Table 5.3. For the United States, there were 415

large facilities can affect findings. clients in treatment per 100,000 population aged

Table 5.1 details the 1997 UFDS survey re- the rates of clients in treatment by State, and

sponse rate. Table 5.2 summarizes the numbers indicates that States in the Northeast and West

of treatment facilities and clients by State or had the highest rates of clients in treatment. 

jurisdiction. Table 5.3 presents, for the 50 States

and the District of Columbia, the number of The rate was highest for persons with both

clients in treatment by substance abuse problem alcohol and drug problems (171 per 100,000),

and the number in treatment per 100,000 popu- followed by drug abuse alone (136) and alcohol

lation (aged 12 and over). Tables 5.4-5.10 abuse alone (109). While these rates can suggest

provide State-level detail on tables presented in the extent of the underlying substance abuse

earlier chapters and will not be discussed. problem, they also reflect the level of resources

Survey Response

Table 5.1. For the United States, the response

rate averaged 86 percent, ranging from 71

percent (the District of Columbia) to 95 percent

(Iowa). Puerto Rico is by far the largest of the

sponse rate of 67 percent.

Facilities and Clients

Table 5.2. About half of all facilities and clients

Clients in Treatment per 100,000 Population

12 and over on October 1, 1997. Figure 6 maps

available for treatment and should be interpreted

with caution.
700 +

400 - 699

300 - 399

< 300

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies,

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,

Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997

46

Figure 6

Clients in treatment per 100,000 population aged 12 and over, by State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997
State or jurisdiction 1

Original 

sample Closed Roll-up 2

Effective 

sample Mail Telephone

Nonrespondent

Response 

rate 3

All facilities 19,956 2,057 1,204 16,695 11,627 2,664 2,404 85.6

Alabama 136 11 11 114 71 22 21 81.6

American Samoa 1 - - 1 - - 1 0.0

Alaska 108 9 10 89 68 12 9 89.9

Arizona 248 23 20 205 106 58 41 80.0

Arkansas 90 12 3 75 42 24 9 88.0

California 2,050 170 83 1,797 1,199 326 272 84.9

Colorado 254 22 6 226 142 46 38 83.2

Connecticut 385 38 41 306 199 54 53 82.7

Delaware 75 8 2 65 39 16 10 84.6

District of Columbia 94 17 2 75 34 19 22 70.7

Fed. of Micronesia 7 1 - 6 2 - 4 33.3

Florida 1,266 200 112 954 602 185 167 82.5

Georgia 269 26 26 217 129 47 41 81.1

Guam 1 - - 1 - 1 - 100.0

Hawaii 136 17 4 115 79 21 15 87.0

Idaho 62 9 1 52 31 12 9 82.7

Illinois 900 103 52 745 562 96 87 88.3

Indiana 521 60 84 377 292 45 40 89.4

Iowa 147 14 15 118 104 8 6 94.9

Kansas 285 39 13 233 153 31 49 79.0

Kentucky 434 43 17 374 288 45 41 89.0

Louisiana 273 39 5 229 152 46 31 86.5

Maine 259 42 31 186 121 32 33 82.3

Maryland 449 33 19 397 306 43 48 87.9

Massachusetts 520 50 31 439 294 83 62 85.9

Michigan 1,094 105 32 957 775 91 91 90.5

Minnesota 354 27 8 319 229 49 41 87.1

Mississippi 123 15 11 97 65 17 15 84.5

Missouri 293 39 21 233 165 33 35 85.0

Montana 70 8 3 59 42 7 10 83.1

Nebraska 181 26 5 150 119 17 14 90.7

See notes at end of table.

47

Respondents

Table 5.1

Forms accounting and response rate by State or jurisdiction: UFDS 1997

Page 1 of 2
State or jurisdiction 1

Original 

sample Closed Roll-up 2

Effective 

sample Mail Telephone

Nonrespondent

Response 

rate 3

Nevada 99 3 1 95 65 20 10 89.5

New Hampshire 152 15 11 126 84 27 15 88.1

New Jersey 388 32 11 345 211 66 68 80.3

New Mexico 153 14 8 131 89 18 24 81.7

New York 1,856 99 56 1,701 1,406 160 135 92.1

North Carolina 259 23 11 225 141 37 47 79.1

North Dakota 63 2 1 60 44 10 6 90.0

Ohio 1,080 123 78 879 678 121 80 90.9

Oklahoma 198 23 7 168 113 30 25 85.1

Oregon 264 30 15 219 154 30 35 84.0

Palau 1 - - 1 1 - - 100.0

Pennsylvania 824 80 62 682 453 117 112 83.6

Puerto Rico 226 24 64 138 62 31 45 67.4

Rhode Island 110 12 6 92 61 16 15 83.7

South Carolina 129 12 8 109 62 25 22 79.8

South Dakota 85 10 2 73 54 11 8 89.0

Tennessee 277 34 46 197 124 39 34 82.7

Texas 1,022 132 46 844 453 171 220 73.9

Utah 264 46 39 179 144 23 12 93.3

Vermont 32 1 5 26 17 5 4 84.6

Virgin Islands 4 - - 4 3 1 - 100.0

Virginia 313 31 21 261 139 66 56 78.5

Washington 429 39 11 379 278 49 52 86.3

West Virginia 141 19 9 113 70 32 11 90.3

Wisconsin 435 42 16 377 264 67 46 87.8

Wyoming 67 5 2 60 47 6 7 88.3

48

Table 5.1

Forms accounting and response rate by State or jurisdiction: UFDS 1997

Respondents

1

 Facilities operated by Federal agencies are included in the States in which the facilities are located.

2

 A roll-up is a facility whose data is included with that of another facility.

3

 Response rate calculated as 'Respondents' divided by the 'Effective sample'.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey 

1997: Administrative data.

Page 2 of 2
Facilities Clients Facilities Clients Facilities Clients Facilities Clients

Total 10,866 929,086 100.0 100.0

Alabama 77 10,664 0.7 1.1 Montana 45 2,298 0.4 0.2

Alaska 60 5,261 0.6 0.6 Nebraska 97 4,197 0.9 0.5

Arizona 143 12,307 1.3 1.3 Nevada 71 5,279 0.7 0.6

Arkansas 55 4,129 0.5 0.4 New Hampshire 54 2,507 0.5 0.3

California 1,179 88,876 10.9 9.6 New Jersey 237 20,594 2.2 2.2

Colorado 143 13,530 1.3 1.5 New Mexico 72 6,452 0.7 0.7

Connecticut 209 15,592 1.9 1.7 New York 1,184 127,272 10.9 13.7

Delaware 41 3,567 0.4 0.4 North Carolina 139 17,379 1.3 1.9

District of Columbia 40 8,201 0.4 0.9 North Dakota 40 2,086 0.4 0.2

Fed. of Micronesia 1 4 0.0 0.0 Ohio 484 40,401 4.5 4.3

Florida 526 41,663 4.8 4.5 Oklahoma 108 7,572 1.0 0.8

Georgia 152 16,118 1.4 1.7 Oregon 160 22,627 1.5 2.4

Guam 1 32 0.0 0.0 Palau 1 45 0.0 0.0

Hawaii 69 2,177 0.6 0.2 Pennsylvania 475 36,382 4.4 3.9

Idaho 39 2,464 0.4 0.3 Puerto Rico 64 12,206 0.6 1.3

Illinois 468 39,040 4.3 4.2 Rhode Island 59 5,084 0.5 0.5

Indiana 251 18,458 2.3 2.0 South Carolina 64 10,862 0.6 1.2

Iowa 78 5,373 0.7 0.6 South Dakota 51 1,880 0.5 0.2

Kansas 145 8,288 1.3 0.9 Tennessee 132 13,166 1.2 1.4

Kentucky 231 12,119 2.1 1.3 Texas 504 40,693 4.6 4.4

Louisiana 138 12,185 1.3 1.3 Utah 112 13,621 1.0 1.5

Maine 132 8,188 1.2 0.9 Vermont 20 1,638 0.2 0.2

Maryland 304 23,794 2.8 2.6 Virgin Islands 4 162 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 310 33,219 2.9 3.6 Virginia 153 21,039 1.4 2.3

Michigan 597 49,788 5.5 5.4 Washington 298 31,260 2.7 3.4

Minnesota 239 7,593 2.2 0.8 West Virginia 81 4,704 0.7 0.5

Mississippi 71 5,334 0.7 0.6 Wisconsin 269 16,535 2.5 1.8

Missouri 142 11,090 1.3 1.2 Wyoming 47 2,091 0.4 0.2

49

Number

Table 5.2

Substance abuse treatment facilities and clients in treatment, by State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 

State or jurisdiction Percent Number Percent 1 State or jurisdiction 1

1

 Facilities operated by Federal agencies are included in the States in which the facilities are located.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.
Total

Both alcohol 

and drug 

abuse

Drug 

abuse 

only

Alcohol

abuse

only Total

Both alcohol 

and drug 

abuse

Drug 

abuse 

only

Alcohol 

abuse 

only Total

Both alcohol 

and drug 

abuse

Drug 

abuse 

only

Alcohol 

abuse 

only

Clients in treatment 916,637 376,482 299,593 240,562 100.0 41.1 32.7 26.2 415 171 136 109

Alabama 10,664 2,385 5,808 2,471 100.0 22.4 54.5 23.2 295 66 161 68

Alaska 5,261 2,101 894 2,266 100.0 39.9 17.0 43.1 1,070 427 182 461

Arizona 12,307 4,297 4,612 3,398 100.0 34.9 37.5 27.6 341 119 128 94

Arkansas 4,129 1,652 1,588 889 100.0 40.0 38.5 21.5 195 78 75 42

California 88,876 36,421 39,646 12,809 100.0 41.0 44.6 14.4 347 142 155 50

Colorado 13,530 4,388 4,297 4,845 100.0 32.4 31.8 35.8 416 135 132 149

Connecticut 15,592 5,949 7,199 2,444 100.0 38.2 46.2 15.7 570 218 263 89

Delaware 3,567 2,256 624 687 100.0 63.2 17.5 19.3 580 367 102 112

Dist. of Columbia 8,201 2,722 4,033 1,446 100.0 33.2 49.2 17.6 1,806 599 888 318

Florida 41,663 19,358 13,908 8,397 100.0 46.5 33.4 20.2 339 158 113 68

Georgia 16,118 7,299 4,883 3,936 100.0 45.3 30.3 24.4 262 119 79 64

Hawaii 2,177 893 784 500 100.0 41.0 36.0 23.0 219 90 79 50

Idaho 2,464 1,717 360 387 100.0 69.7 14.6 15.7 244 170 36 38

Illinois 39,040 17,967 10,839 10,234 100.0 46.0 27.8 26.2 399 183 111 104

Indiana 18,458 7,597 4,334 6,527 100.0 41.2 23.5 35.4 375 154 88 133

Iowa 5,373 2,580 870 1,923 100.0 48.0 16.2 35.8 223 107 36 80

Kansas 8,288 3,906 1,637 2,745 100.0 47.1 19.8 33.1 385 181 76 127

Kentucky 12,119 4,093 3,365 4,661 100.0 33.8 27.8 38.5 369 125 102 142

Louisiana 12,185 6,273 3,595 2,317 100.0 51.5 29.5 19.0 341 175 101 65

Maine 8,188 3,948 1,496 2,744 100.0 48.2 18.3 33.5 776 374 142 260

Maryland 23,794 10,088 8,868 4,838 100.0 42.4 37.3 20.3 559 237 208 114

Massachusetts 33,219 13,984 10,235 9,000 100.0 42.1 30.8 27.1 648 273 200 175

Michigan 49,788 18,123 14,135 17,530 100.0 36.4 28.4 35.2 627 228 178 221

Minnesota 7,593 3,621 1,275 2,697 100.0 47.7 16.8 35.5 195 93 33 69

Mississippi 5,334 2,515 1,391 1,428 100.0 47.2 26.1 26.8 237 112 62 64

Missouri 11,090 5,789 2,740 2,561 100.0 52.2 24.7 23.1 246 129 61 57

Montana 2,298 1,135 482 681 100.0 49.4 21.0 29.6 305 151 64 91

Nebraska 4,197 2,140 444 1,613 100.0 51.0 10.6 38.4 305 155 32 117

See notes at end of table.

Table 5.3

Clients in treatment per 100,000 population aged 12 and over by substance abuse problem, according to State or jurisdiction:1 October 1, 

1997

Percent

Substance abuse problem

State or jurisdiction 2

50

Number

Clients in treatment per 100,000 population 

aged 12+

Page 1 of 2
Total

Both alcohol 

and drug 

abuse

Drug 

abuse 

only

Alcohol

abuse

only Total

Both alcohol 

and drug 

abuse

Drug 

abuse 

only

Alcohol 

abuse 

only Total

Both alcohol 

and drug 

abuse

Drug 

abuse 

only

Alcohol 

abuse 

only

Nevada 5,279 1,697 2,158 1,424 100.0 32.1 40.9 27.0 380 122 156 103

New Hampshire 2,507 1,028 465 1,014 100.0 41.0 18.5 40.4 255 105 47 103

New Jersey 20,594 9,147 7,928 3,519 100.0 44.4 38.5 17.1 308 137 119 53

New Mexico 6,452 2,469 1,132 2,851 100.0 38.3 17.5 44.2 456 175 80 202

New York 127,272 35,175 64,260 27,837 100.0 27.6 50.5 21.9 849 235 429 186

North Carolina 17,379 8,358 3,427 5,594 100.0 48.1 19.7 32.2 280 135 55 90

North Dakota 2,086 856 242 988 100.0 41.0 11.6 47.4 384 158 45 182

Ohio 40,401 20,864 7,950 11,587 100.0 51.6 19.7 28.7 432 223 85 124

Oklahoma 7,572 2,511 2,415 2,646 100.0 33.2 31.9 34.9 275 91 88 96

Oregon 22,627 10,731 5,154 6,742 100.0 47.4 22.8 29.8 831 394 189 248

Pennsylvania 36,382 17,957 10,231 8,194 100.0 49.4 28.1 22.5 357 176 100 80

Rhode Island 5,084 1,874 1,914 1,296 100.0 36.9 37.6 25.5 612 226 231 156

South Carolina 10,862 3,943 2,513 4,406 100.0 36.3 23.1 40.6 349 127 81 142

South Dakota 1,880 739 229 912 100.0 39.3 12.2 48.5 305 120 37 148

Tennessee 13,166 6,113 4,069 2,984 100.0 46.4 30.9 22.7 290 135 90 66

Texas 40,693 14,860 14,346 11,487 100.0 36.5 35.3 28.2 261 95 92 74

Utah 13,621 5,771 3,709 4,141 100.0 42.4 27.2 30.4 847 359 231 257

Vermont 1,638 721 215 702 100.0 44.0 13.1 42.9 327 144 43 140

Virginia 21,039 10,839 4,810 5,390 100.0 51.5 22.9 25.6 372 191 85 95

Washington 31,260 17,295 4,392 9,573 100.0 55.3 14.0 30.6 672 372 94 206

West Virginia 4,704 1,159 748 2,797 100.0 24.6 15.9 59.5 299 74 48 178

Wisconsin 16,535 6,333 2,659 7,543 100.0 38.3 16.1 45.6 381 146 61 174

Wyoming 2,091 845 285 961 100.0 40.4 13.6 46.0 507 205 69 233

51

Substance abuse problem

Number Percent

Clients in treatment per 100,000 population 

State or jurisdiction aged 12+ 2

Table 5.3

Clients in treatment per 100,000 population aged 12 and over by substance abuse problem, according to State or jurisdiction:1 October 1, 

1997

1

 Excludes jurisdictions outside the United States and the District of Columbia.

2

 Facilities operated by Federal agencies are included in the States in which the facilities are located.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Page 2 of 2
Total

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt VA DoD IHS Other

Tribal 

govt Total

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt VA DoD IHS Other

Tribal 

govt

No. of facilities 10,866 6,504 2,550 887 483 154 102 35 2 149 100.0 59.9 23.5 8.2 4.4 1.4 0.9 0.3 0.0 1.4

Alabama 77 40 23 7 1 3 3 - - - 100.0 51.9 29.9 9.1 1.3 3.9 3.9 - - -

Alaska 60 33 7 4 1 1 3 1 - 10 100.0 55.0 11.7 6.7 1.7 1.7 5.0 1.7 - 16.7

Arizona 143 81 38 - - 3 3 6 - 12 100.0 56.6 26.6 - - 2.1 2.1 4.2 - 8.4

Arkansas 55 36 7 - 10 2 - - - - 100.0 65.5 12.7 - 18.2 3.6 - - - -

California 1,179 782 224 129 10 11 12 2 - 9 100.0 66.3 19.0 10.9 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.2 - 0.8

Colorado 143 57 70 7 3 2 2 - - 2 100.0 39.9 49.0 4.9 2.1 1.4 1.4 - - 1.4

Connecticut 209 151 35 3 16 1 2 1 - - 100.0 72.2 16.7 1.4 7.7 0.5 1.0 0.5 - -

Delaware 41 23 10 - 5 1 2 - - - 100.0 56.1 24.4 - 12.2 2.4 4.9 - - -

Dist. of Columbia 40 20 7 6 4 1 2 - - - 100.0 50.0 17.5 15.0 10.0 2.5 5.0 - - -

Fed. of Micronesia 1 - - - 1 - - - - - 100.0 - - - 100.0 - - - - -

Florida 526 299 162 25 26 6 7 - - 1 100.0 56.8 30.8 4.8 4.9 1.1 1.3 - - 0.2

Georgia 152 45 33 36 27 3 8 - - - 100.0 29.6 21.7 23.7 17.8 2.0 5.3 - - -

Guam 1 - - - 1 - - - - - 100.0 - - - 100.0 - - - - -

Hawaii 69 60 3 - 1 1 4 - - - 100.0 87.0 4.3 - 1.4 1.4 5.8 - - -

Idaho 39 19 12 2 1 1 1 - - 3 100.0 48.7 30.8 5.1 2.6 2.6 2.6 - - 7.7

Illinois 468 295 121 26 18 4 2 1 - 1 100.0 63.0 25.9 5.6 3.8 0.9 0.4 0.2 - 0.2

Indiana 251 155 72 16 6 2 - - - - 100.0 61.8 28.7 6.4 2.4 0.8 - - - -

Iowa 78 56 6 6 8 2 - - - - 100.0 71.8 7.7 7.7 10.3 2.6 - - - -

Kansas 145 81 38 18 2 3 1 1 - 1 100.0 55.9 26.2 12.4 1.4 2.1 0.7 0.7 - 0.7

Kentucky 231 171 48 4 5 1 2 - - - 100.0 74.0 20.8 1.7 2.2 0.4 0.9 - - -

Louisiana 138 52 30 7 43 4 - - - 2 100.0 37.7 21.7 5.1 31.2 2.9 - - - 1.4

Maine 132 68 55 2 2 2 1 - - 2 100.0 51.5 41.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.8 - - 1.5

Maryland 304 115 108 26 50 3 2 - - - 100.0 37.8 35.5 8.6 16.4 1.0 0.7 - - -

Massachusetts 310 239 58 6 2 5 - - - - 100.0 77.1 18.7 1.9 0.6 1.6 - - - -

Michigan 597 363 169 41 6 5 - 1 - 12 100.0 60.8 28.3 6.9 1.0 0.8 - 0.2 - 2.0

Minnesota 239 120 79 13 17 2 - - - 8 100.0 50.2 33.1 5.4 7.1 0.8 - - - 3.3

Mississippi 71 32 10 18 6 2 2 1 - - 100.0 45.1 14.1 25.4 8.5 2.8 2.8 1.4 - -

Missouri 142 95 34 3 5 4 1 - - - 100.0 66.9 23.9 2.1 3.5 2.8 0.7 - - -

Montana 45 27 6 2 3 1 - - - 6 100.0 60.0 13.3 4.4 6.7 2.2 - - - 13.3

Nebraska 97 70 12 5 2 3 1 - - 4 100.0 72.2 12.4 5.2 2.1 3.1 1.0 - - 4.1

See notes at end of table.

52

Federal govt

State or 

jurisdiction 1

Table 5.4

Substance abuse treatment facilities by ownership, according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997

Ownership

Number Percent

Federal govt

Page 1 of 2
Total

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt VA DoD IHS Other

Tribal 

govt Total

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt VA DoD IHS Other

Tribal 

govt

Nevada 71 34 22 2 1 2 - 3 - 7 100.0 47.9 31.0 2.8 1.4 2.8 - 4.2 - 9.9

New Hampshire 54 38 9 3 3 1 - - - - 100.0 70.4 16.7 5.6 5.6 1.9 - - - -

New Jersey 237 144 63 19 4 2 5 - - - 100.0 60.8 26.6 8.0 1.7 0.8 2.1 - - -

New Mexico 72 39 8 1 7 1 1 5 1 9 100.0 54.2 11.1 1.4 9.7 1.4 1.4 6.9 1.4 12.5

New York 1,184 808 195 131 35 10 - 1 - 4 100.0 68.2 16.5 11.1 3.0 0.8 - 0.1 - 0.3

North Carolina 139 44 38 43 7 3 2 1 - 1 100.0 31.7 27.3 30.9 5.0 2.2 1.4 0.7 - 0.7

North Dakota 40 11 14 - 11 1 - - - 3 100.0 27.5 35.0 - 27.5 2.5 - - - 7.5

Ohio 484 362 60 30 25 6 1 - - - 100.0 74.8 12.4 6.2 5.2 1.2 0.2 - - -

Oklahoma 108 66 11 5 8 2 2 3 - 11 100.0 61.1 10.2 4.6 7.4 1.9 1.9 2.8 - 10.2

Oregon 160 86 45 17 4 1 - 1 - 6 100.0 53.8 28.1 10.6 2.5 0.6 - 0.6 - 3.8

Palau 1 - - - 1 - - - - - 100.0 - - - 100.0 - - - - -

Pennsylvania 475 340 114 9 6 6 - - - - 100.0 71.6 24.0 1.9 1.3 1.3 - - - -

Puerto Rico 64 38 - 1 24 1 - - - - 100.0 59.4 - 1.6 37.5 1.6 - - - -

Rhode Island 59 49 7 - 1 1 1 - - - 100.0 83.1 11.9 - 1.7 1.7 1.7 - - -

South Carolina 64 16 12 20 8 2 5 - - 1 100.0 25.0 18.8 31.3 12.5 3.1 7.8 - - 1.6

South Dakota 51 29 9 1 5 3 - - - 4 100.0 56.9 17.6 2.0 9.8 5.9 - - - 7.8

Tennessee 132 89 31 6 1 4 1 - - - 100.0 67.4 23.5 4.5 0.8 3.0 0.8 - - -

Texas 504 254 177 33 21 9 9 - - 1 100.0 50.4 35.1 6.5 4.2 1.8 1.8 - - 0.2

Utah 112 41 28 34 3 2 2 - - 2 100.0 36.6 25.0 30.4 2.7 1.8 1.8 - - 1.8

Vermont 20 19 - - - 1 - - - - 100.0 95.0 - - - 5.0 - - - -

Virgin Islands 4 2 - - 2 - - - - - 100.0 50.0 - - 50.0 - - - - -

Virginia 153 45 41 45 11 3 7 - 1 - 100.0 29.4 26.8 29.4 7.2 2.0 4.6 - 0.7 -

Washington 298 136 100 25 9 4 5 2 - 17 100.0 45.6 33.6 8.4 3.0 1.3 1.7 0.7 - 5.7

West Virginia 81 67 7 2 - 5 - - - - 100.0 82.7 8.6 2.5 - 6.2 - - - -

Wisconsin 269 133 73 44 3 3 - 3 - 10 100.0 49.4 27.1 16.4 1.1 1.1 - 1.1 - 3.7

Wyoming 47 29 9 4 1 2 - 2 - - 100.0 61.7 19.1 8.5 2.1 4.3 - 4.3 - -

53

State or 

jurisdiction 1

Ownership

Federal govt Federal govt

Number Percent

Table 5.4

Substance abuse treatment facilities by ownership, according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997

1

 Facilities operated by Federal agencies are included in the States in which the facilities are located.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Page 2 of 2
State or jurisdiction 2 All facilities Total

OutpatientResidential

Outpatient & 

residential

Community 

mental 

health 

center

Solo or 

group 

practice

General 

hospital 

(incl. VA)

Psychiatric 

or other 

specialized 

hospital

Criminal 

justice

Community 

or religious 

agency/org

Community 

health 

center

Multiple/ 

Unknown

No. of facilities 10,866 100.0 23.2 13.3 6.0 15.1 11.9 10.1 5.5 5.1 4.2 0.9 4.6

Alabama 77 100.0 24.7 14.3 7.8 23.4 9.1 11.7 3.9 1.3 1.3 - 2.6

Alaska 60 100.0 15.0 3.3 21.7 18.3 10.0 6.7 1.7 - 10.0 3.3 10.0

Arizona 143 100.0 14.7 8.4 4.9 25.9 11.2 7.0 11.2 2.8 6.3 0.7 7.0

Arkansas 55 100.0 1.8 - 21.8 21.8 7.3 7.3 12.7 20.0 3.6 - 3.6

California 1,179 100.0 28.1 23.6 6.5 8.8 7.5 4.9 3.5 4.2 6.3 1.9 4.8

Colorado 143 100.0 21.7 7.0 6.3 9.8 24.5 10.5 9.1 6.3 2.1 - 2.8

Connecticut 209 100.0 27.8 23.4 4.8 12.9 6.2 3.3 8.6 5.7 1.0 0.5 5.7

Delaware 41 100.0 26.8 24.4 2.4 4.9 9.8 7.3 2.4 9.8 4.9 - 7.3

District of Columbia 40 100.0 22.5 7.5 2.5 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 22.5 - 10.0

Fed. of Micronesia 1 100.0 - - - - - 100.0 - - - - -

Florida 526 100.0 20.7 9.9 4.2 16.5 16.3 4.8 6.7 12.7 2.3 0.4 5.5

Georgia 152 100.0 15.1 9.9 3.9 25.7 6.6 12.5 17.8 1.3 1.3 0.7 5.3

Guam 1 100.0 - - - 100.0 - - - - - - -

Hawaii 69 100.0 18.8 8.7 5.8 5.8 1.4 7.2 5.8 2.9 2.9 - 40.6

Idaho 39 100.0 17.9 - 33.3 - 17.9 20.5 5.1 - - - 5.1

Illinois 468 100.0 20.3 5.6 6.0 18.4 14.7 12.0 4.1 6.2 7.9 1.1 3.8

Indiana 251 100.0 15.9 5.2 4.0 28.3 13.5 12.4 9.2 4.0 2.8 0.4 4.4

Iowa 78 100.0 16.7 3.8 14.1 9.0 5.1 30.8 1.3 11.5 2.6 - 5.1

Kansas 145 100.0 19.3 3.4 11.7 15.2 21.4 7.6 4.8 8.3 4.1 2.1 2.1

Kentucky 231 100.0 10.0 10.0 0.4 47.2 13.9 6.9 7.8 2.6 0.4 - 0.9

Louisiana 138 100.0 25.4 18.8 5.8 5.1 5.8 14.5 10.9 2.2 5.1 0.7 5.8

Maine 132 100.0 13.6 9.8 1.5 15.2 33.3 9.8 1.5 3.0 2.3 3.8 6.1

Maryland 304 100.0 33.9 12.8 2.3 5.3 15.8 8.2 5.6 7.2 4.6 2.3 2.0

Massachusetts 310 100.0 13.5 21.9 1.9 19.0 11.6 11.0 6.1 1.6 4.8 1.9 6.5

Michigan 597 100.0 24.8 5.4 4.7 17.6 19.8 7.9 2.5 3.7 6.5 1.2 6.0

Minnesota 239 100.0 22.2 20.9 8.8 10.5 8.8 9.2 5.9 5.9 3.3 1.3 3.3

Mississippi 71 100.0 8.5 22.5 5.6 22.5 5.6 11.3 14.1 1.4 2.8 1.4 4.2

Missouri 142 100.0 13.4 6.3 16.2 21.8 9.2 16.2 6.3 4.2 2.1 0.7 3.5

Montana 45 100.0 42.2 8.9 8.9 4.4 13.3 6.7 - 6.7 - 2.2 6.7

Nebraska 97 100.0 8.2 13.4 7.2 33.0 9.3 11.3 4.1 1.0 4.1 1.0 7.2

See notes at end of table.

54

Table 5.5

Substance abuse treatment facilities by organizational setting, according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997

Organizational setting 1

Specialty substance abuse 

treatment

Percent

Page 1 of 2
State or jurisdiction 2 All facilities Total

OutpatientResidential

Outpatient & 

residential

Community 

mental 

health 

center

Solo or 

group 

practice

General 

hospital 

(incl. VA)

Psychiatric 

or other 

specialized 

hospital

Criminal 

justice

Community 

or religious 

agency/org

Community 

health 

center

Multiple/ 

Unknown

Nevada 71 100.0 29.6 14.1 5.6 8.5 14.1 9.9 4.2 4.2 1.4 5.6 2.8

New Hampshire 54 100.0 5.6 9.3 9.3 22.2 14.8 16.7 7.4 5.6 1.9 1.9 5.6

New Jersey 237 100.0 15.6 8.4 5.1 13.5 21.9 13.5 5.5 2.1 6.3 0.4 7.6

New Mexico 72 100.0 18.1 6.9 5.6 22.2 11.1 12.5 9.7 1.4 2.8 2.8 6.9

New York 1,184 100.0 38.1 17.4 1.6 5.4 5.4 17.7 4.6 2.3 3.8 0.7 3.0

North Carolina 139 100.0 12.2 18.0 4.3 20.9 16.5 8.6 10.1 2.2 1.4 - 5.8

North Dakota 40 100.0 12.5 - 5.0 22.5 32.5 12.5 2.5 10.0 2.5 - -

Ohio 484 100.0 21.3 9.5 9.1 17.1 7.0 9.3 3.7 13.6 3.7 0.6 5.0

Oklahoma 108 100.0 21.3 16.7 14.8 20.4 4.6 8.3 3.7 2.8 4.6 - 2.8

Oregon 160 100.0 29.4 9.4 10.6 13.8 11.9 5.0 3.8 10.6 2.5 1.3 1.9

Palau 1 100.0 - - - - - 100.0 - - - - -

Pennsylvania 475 100.0 25.5 14.1 5.3 10.5 11.8 13.5 4.8 4.2 6.5 0.4 3.4

Puerto Rico 64 100.0 15.6 32.8 6.3 4.7 - 3.1 - 15.6 14.1 - 7.8

Rhode Island 59 100.0 25.4 23.7 8.5 16.9 10.2 3.4 5.1 3.4 1.7 1.7 -

South Carolina 64 100.0 37.5 4.7 15.6 4.7 9.4 7.8 14.1 3.1 1.6 - 1.6

South Dakota 51 100.0 19.6 17.6 9.8 19.6 5.9 9.8 3.9 11.8 - - 2.0

Tennessee 132 100.0 11.4 9.1 12.1 29.5 11.4 12.9 6.8 1.5 2.3 - 3.0

Texas 504 100.0 22.0 14.5 10.5 8.1 16.3 6.3 6.7 8.5 4.0 0.6 2.4

Utah 112 100.0 14.3 7.1 6.3 30.4 14.3 8.9 5.4 5.4 2.7 - 5.4

Vermont 20 100.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 30.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 - 5.0 - 10.0

Virgin Islands 4 100.0 - - 50.0 25.0 - - - - 25.0 - -

Virginia 153 100.0 16.3 11.1 7.8 22.2 14.4 13.7 8.5 1.3 1.3 - 3.3

Washington 298 100.0 41.3 8.4 3.0 13.1 12.1 5.4 4.4 4.4 2.0 1.3 4.7

West Virginia 81 100.0 7.4 14.8 4.9 40.7 4.9 14.8 4.9 1.2 - - 6.2

Wisconsin 269 100.0 11.2 16.0 3.3 20.8 16.0 17.1 4.1 2.6 3.3 0.4 5.2

Wyoming 47 100.0 4.3 2.1 10.6 51.1 14.9 8.5 8.5 - - - -

Specialty substance abuse 

treatment

Table 5.5

Substance abuse treatment facilities by organizational setting, according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997

Organizational setting 1

55

Percent

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

2

 Facilities operated by Federal agencies are included in the States in which the facilities are located.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Page 2 of 2
Total

Private 

non-profit

Private 

for-profit

Local 

govt

State 

govt VA DoD IHS Other

Tribal 

govt Total

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt VA DoD IHS Other

Tribal 

govt

Clients in treatment 929,086 510,680 168,106 123,560 68,133 40,625 5,862 2,163 33 9,924 100.0 55.0 18.1 13.3 7.3 4.4 0.6 0.2 0.0 1.1

Alabama 10,664 4,065 2,010 4,258 29 229 73 - - - 100.0 38.1 18.8 39.9 0.3 2.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 5,261 1,539 330 253 97 1,667 130 17 - 1,228 100.0 29.3 6.3 4.8 1.8 31.7 2.5 0.3 0.0 23.3

Arizona 12,307 6,863 3,229 - - 398 27 637 - 1,153 100.0 55.8 26.2 0.0 0.0 3.2 0.2 5.2 0.0 9.4

Arkansas 4,129 3,447 77 - 255 350 - - - - 100.0 83.5 1.9 0.0 6.2 8.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

California 88,876 50,473 17,669 12,057 2,722 5,169 359 24 - 403 100.0 56.8 19.9 13.6 3.1 5.8 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.5

Colorado 13,530 5,010 4,830 1,722 1,004 634 185 - - 145 100.0 37.0 35.7 12.7 7.4 4.7 1.4 0.0 0.0 1.1

Connecticut 15,592 10,799 1,887 444 1,940 450 26 46 - - 100.0 69.3 12.1 2.8 12.4 2.9 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0

Delaware 3,567 2,145 950 - 294 143 35 - - - 100.0 60.1 26.6 0.0 8.2 4.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Dist. of Columbia 8,201 5,719 553 752 602 509 66 - - - 100.0 69.7 6.7 9.2 7.3 6.2 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0

Fed. of Micronesia 4 - - - 4 - - - - - 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 41,663 23,081 11,437 3,345 1,402 2,132 239 - - 27 100.0 55.4 27.5 8.0 3.4 5.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1

Georgia 16,118 2,886 2,254 4,518 3,528 2,477 455 - - - 100.0 17.9 14.0 28.0 21.9 15.4 2.8 0.0 0.0 0.0

Guam 32 - - - 32 - - - - - 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hawaii 2,177 1,669 37 - - 97 374 - - - 100.0 76.7 1.7 0.0 0.0 4.5 17.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 2,464 1,447 372 28 21 412 12 - - 172 100.0 58.7 15.1 1.1 0.9 16.7 0.5 0.0 0.0 7.0

Illinois 39,040 25,999 6,847 2,339 2,227 1,449 34 41 - 104 100.0 66.6 17.5 6.0 5.7 3.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3

Indiana 18,458 13,169 3,208 1,440 399 242 - - - - 100.0 71.3 17.4 7.8 2.2 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Iowa 5,373 4,093 455 107 532 186 - - - - 100.0 76.2 8.5 2.0 9.9 3.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 8,288 4,789 1,346 1,737 55 228 37 85 - 11 100.0 57.8 16.2 21.0 0.7 2.8 0.4 1.0 0.0 0.1

Kentucky 12,119 9,274 1,576 384 284 137 464 - - - 100.0 76.5 13.0 3.2 2.3 1.1 3.8 0.0 0.0 0.0

Louisiana 12,185 2,813 1,331 217 6,375 1,439 - - - 10 100.0 23.1 10.9 1.8 52.3 11.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Maine 8,188 3,388 4,405 3 113 147 21 - - 111 100.0 41.4 53.8 0.0 1.4 1.8 0.3 0.0 0.0 1.4

Maryland 23,794 8,342 6,566 3,284 4,491 1,064 47 - - - 100.0 35.1 27.6 13.8 18.9 4.5 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 33,219 25,632 5,197 729 19 1,642 - - - - 100.0 77.2 15.6 2.2 0.1 4.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Michigan 49,788 33,057 11,066 3,881 722 761 - 12 - 289 100.0 66.4 22.2 7.8 1.5 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6

Minnesota 7,593 3,430 2,201 507 737 451 - - - 267 100.0 45.2 29.0 6.7 9.7 5.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.5

Mississippi 5,334 2,429 292 1,291 591 533 25 173 - - 100.0 45.5 5.5 24.2 11.1 10.0 0.5 3.2 0.0 0.0

Missouri 11,090 7,853 1,461 240 858 579 99 - - - 100.0 70.8 13.2 2.2 7.7 5.2 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0

Montana 2,298 1,388 111 78 164 24 - - - 533 100.0 60.4 4.8 3.4 7.1 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23.2

Nebraska 4,197 2,531 830 143 117 404 18 - - 154 100.0 60.3 19.8 3.4 2.8 9.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 3.7

See notes at end of table.

Table 5.6

Substance abuse treatment clients by facility ownership, according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997

Ownership

Number Percent

Federal govt Federal govt

56

State or 

jurisdiction 1

Page 1 of 2
Total

Private 

non-profit

Private 

for-profit

Local 

govt

State 

govt VA DoD IHS Other

Tribal 

govt Total

Private 

nonprofit

Private 

forprofitLocal 

govt

State 

govt VA DoD IHS Other

Tribal 

govt

Nevada 5,279 1,672 2,698 212 5 422 - 81 - 189 100.0 31.7 51.1 4.0 0.1 8.0 0.0 1.5 0.0 3.6

New Hampshire 2,507 1,912 150 61 234 150 - - - - 100.0 76.3 6.0 2.4 9.3 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Jersey 20,594 15,174 3,060 1,348 616 289 107 - - - 100.0 73.7 14.9 6.5 3.0 1.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Mexico 6,452 3,846 267 45 1,115 158 50 139 20 812 100.0 59.6 4.1 0.7 17.3 2.4 0.8 2.2 0.3 12.6

New York 127,272 83,877 19,332 15,078 4,040 3,669 - 25 - 1,251 100.0 65.9 15.2 11.8 3.2 2.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0

North Carolina 17,379 3,471 1,354 11,279 614 258 358 12 - 33 100.0 20.0 7.8 64.9 3.5 1.5 2.1 0.1 0.0 0.2

North Dakota 2,086 452 201 - 1,356 25 - - - 52 100.0 21.7 9.6 0.0 65.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5

Ohio 40,401 30,066 5,171 2,072 1,946 1,101 45 - - - 100.0 74.4 12.8 5.1 4.8 2.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oklahoma 7,572 3,566 962 137 2,041 388 190 89 - 199 100.0 47.1 12.7 1.8 27.0 5.1 2.5 1.2 0.0 2.6

Oregon 22,627 7,597 3,474 10,136 569 123 - 274 - 454 100.0 33.6 15.4 44.8 2.5 0.5 0.0 1.2 0.0 2.0

Palau 45 - - - 45 - - - - - 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pennsylvania 36,382 24,098 5,855 1,124 2,390 2,915 - - - - 100.0 66.2 16.1 3.1 6.6 8.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Puerto Rico 12,206 3,559 - 194 8,103 350 - - - - 100.0 29.2 0.0 1.6 66.4 2.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Rhode Island 5,084 3,678 1,033 - 41 332 - - - - 100.0 72.3 20.3 0.0 0.8 6.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

South Carolina 10,862 3,714 635 5,530 430 165 289 - - 99 100.0 34.2 5.8 50.9 4.0 1.5 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.9

South Dakota 1,880 1,062 146 121 227 105 - - - 219 100.0 56.5 7.8 6.4 12.1 5.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.6

Tennessee 13,166 4,851 2,276 5,228 27 778 6 - - - 100.0 36.8 17.3 39.7 0.2 5.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Texas 40,693 13,249 10,580 2,356 12,638 1,031 807 - - 32 100.0 32.6 26.0 5.8 31.1 2.5 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Utah 13,621 5,365 1,205 5,515 553 822 130 - - 31 100.0 39.4 8.8 40.5 4.1 6.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.2

Vermont 1,638 1,534 - - - 104 - - - - 100.0 93.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virgin Islands 162 57 - - 105 - - - - - 100.0 35.2 0.0 0.0 64.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 21,039 4,261 1,097 13,499 1,133 360 676 - 13 - 100.0 20.3 5.2 64.2 5.4 1.7 3.2 0.0 0.1 0.0

Washington 31,260 14,092 12,005 1,986 237 1,502 478 37 - 923 100.0 45.1 38.4 6.4 0.8 4.8 1.5 0.1 0.0 3.0

West Virginia 4,704 3,507 130 40 - 1,027 - - - - 100.0 74.6 2.8 0.9 0.0 21.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wisconsin 16,535 7,645 3,517 3,703 43 423 - 181 - 1,023 100.0 46.2 21.3 22.4 0.3 2.6 0.0 1.1 0.0 6.2

Wyoming 2,091 1,045 431 139 11 175 - 290 - - 100.0 50.0 20.6 6.6 0.5 8.4 0.0 13.9 0.0 0.0

57

Ownership

Number Percent

Table 5.6

Substance abuse treatment clients by facility ownership, according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997

Federal govt Federal govt

State or 

jurisdiction 1

1

 Facilities operated by Federal agencies are included in the States in which the facilities are located.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Page 2 of 2
State or 

jurisdiction 2 All clients Total

OutpatientResidential

Outpatient & 

residential

Community 

mental 

health 

center

Solo or 

group 

practice

General 

hospital 

(incl. VA)

Psychiatric 

or other 

specialized 

hospital

Criminal 

justice

Community 

or religious 

agency/org

Community 

health 

center

Multiple/ 

Unknown

Clients in treatment 929,086 100.0 33.0 4.7 6.7 18.5 7.2 10.3 5.2 6.4 3.4 0.9 3.7

Alabama 10,664 100.0 19.9 2.7 3.6 61.6 6.1 1.0 1.7 0.4 1.4 - 1.6

Alaska 5,261 100.0 39.0 0.8 12.5 21.4 4.5 4.8 2.8 - 3.8 3.3 7.1

Arizona 12,307 100.0 25.0 2.5 3.0 24.8 9.0 4.1 12.5 7.2 2.7 0.1 9.1

Arkansas 4,129 100.0 0.2 - 31.5 35.3 2.0 11.4 4.6 9.1 2.1 - 3.9

California 88,876 100.0 46.1 7.7 6.3 7.1 3.7 9.1 2.4 6.2 4.7 1.6 5.0

Colorado 13,530 100.0 25.7 7.3 11.4 10.7 13.4 15.0 7.2 6.5 1.1 - 1.8

Connecticut 15,592 100.0 44.3 7.5 5.2 17.7 3.5 2.4 5.0 8.8 0.7 0.3 4.6

Delaware 3,567 100.0 69.0 4.4 0.2 2.8 1.5 5.1 0.1 10.9 1.8 - 4.2

District of Columbia 8,201 100.0 14.5 1.5 1.0 1.1 5.4 7.6 0.8 1.8 40.9 - 25.5

Fed. of Micronesia 4 100.0 - - - - - 100.0 - - - - -

Florida 41,663 100.0 27.2 4.2 9.5 14.8 17.3 3.9 3.6 12.3 2.1 0.3 4.8

Georgia 16,118 100.0 12.4 2.9 4.0 40.2 7.2 4.2 21.2 0.5 1.5 3.3 2.6

Guam 32 100.0 - - - 100.0 - - - - - - -

Hawaii 2,177 100.0 38.2 11.6 6.5 6.5 1.0 5.8 5.1 4.0 1.1 - 20.2

Idaho 2,464 100.0 25.0 - 45.2 - 3.7 22.4 2.2 - - - 1.5

Illinois 39,040 100.0 19.4 2.1 7.3 22.4 9.4 9.4 4.9 10.0 10.6 0.5 4.1

Indiana 18,458 100.0 13.9 1.1 2.2 54.5 7.5 7.3 5.4 3.4 1.6 0.6 2.4

Iowa 5,373 100.0 20.3 0.9 25.4 10.2 3.1 25.3 1.8 10.7 0.6 - 1.7

Kansas 8,288 100.0 22.4 1.3 20.3 22.1 13.5 3.8 4.0 3.9 2.9 1.4 4.5

Kentucky 12,119 100.0 16.0 4.2 0.1 52.8 8.7 5.8 7.9 3.9 0.1 - 0.5

Louisiana 12,185 100.0 54.2 6.5 3.2 3.5 1.9 14.7 3.9 1.6 2.4 0.5 7.7

Maine 8,188 100.0 13.8 1.8 0.5 16.4 47.7 7.5 0.2 3.1 4.5 1.9 2.5

Maryland 23,794 100.0 49.3 2.6 2.8 8.8 8.1 11.2 5.5 4.7 3.9 2.1 1.0

Massachusetts 33,219 100.0 34.7 5.2 0.3 20.4 4.3 12.7 8.1 1.0 4.5 1.7 7.2

Michigan 49,788 100.0 38.6 1.9 3.2 16.1 11.8 8.4 5.4 2.9 6.3 1.3 4.0

Minnesota 7,593 100.0 18.0 14.7 9.2 17.0 3.6 12.4 10.8 8.0 2.2 0.9 3.3

Mississippi 5,334 100.0 2.6 6.5 2.8 51.8 0.3 8.8 9.5 1.0 9.8 5.0 1.8

Missouri 11,090 100.0 9.3 2.4 21.0 31.9 3.1 12.9 9.6 3.4 0.5 2.2 3.7

Montana 2,298 100.0 53.7 4.7 7.7 8.7 9.0 4.6 - 5.4 - 1.0 5.4

Nebraska 4,197 100.0 10.2 6.0 8.6 28.6 7.5 20.1 10.6 2.1 1.7 0.2 4.4

See notes at end of table.

58

Specialty substance abuse 

treatment

Table 5.7

Substance abuse treatment clients by organizational setting, according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997

Organizational setting 1

Page 1 of 2
State or 

jurisdiction 2 All clients Total

OutpatientResidential

Outpatient & 

residential

Community 

mental 

health 

center

Solo or 

group 

practice

General 

hospital 

(incl. VA)

Psychiatric 

or other 

specialized 

hospital

Criminal 

justice

Community 

or religious 

agency/org

Community 

health 

center

Multiple/ 

Unknown

Nevada 5,279 100.0 28.7 4.9 3.0 26.2 16.4 11.7 1.9 1.7 0.4 2.1 3.0

New Hampshire 2,507 100.0 17.0 3.9 15.1 29.3 5.8 9.9 2.6 9.5 3.0 0.2 3.7

New Jersey 20,594 100.0 34.3 4.2 8.3 15.7 6.6 14.0 6.1 1.3 2.6 0.7 6.2

New Mexico 6,452 100.0 30.1 1.4 8.4 17.1 10.6 6.1 2.8 1.0 1.2 1.0 20.3

New York 127,272 100.0 47.8 6.9 1.6 4.6 5.1 20.7 3.8 2.4 3.3 1.0 2.8

North Carolina 17,379 100.0 13.5 5.9 7.7 55.2 3.4 5.2 4.3 1.7 1.1 - 2.1

North Dakota 2,086 100.0 7.5 - 4.9 57.9 6.3 7.2 3.7 11.2 1.2 - -

Ohio 40,401 100.0 36.4 2.2 7.8 22.6 3.8 7.0 3.8 9.7 1.8 1.6 3.2

Oklahoma 7,572 100.0 23.1 6.4 8.8 35.3 3.1 10.7 6.2 2.9 2.0 - 1.5

Oregon 22,627 100.0 27.2 1.9 6.1 45.5 4.9 3.3 2.1 6.7 0.4 0.5 1.3

Palau 45 100.0 - - - - - 100.0 - - - - -

Pennsylvania 36,382 100.0 29.9 5.5 8.0 7.9 6.0 17.3 7.9 10.6 4.0 0.0 2.8

Puerto Rico 12,206 100.0 46.4 19.5 8.2 10.5 - 3.4 - 7.5 2.4 - 2.3

Rhode Island 5,084 100.0 48.7 4.4 2.3 12.4 14.0 9.7 5.3 1.5 0.6 1.2 -

South Carolina 10,862 100.0 50.2 0.6 35.3 1.8 3.6 2.3 5.1 0.6 0.2 - 0.1

South Dakota 1,880 100.0 15.2 8.0 21.6 30.5 2.3 6.0 2.0 13.8 - - 0.5

Tennessee 13,166 100.0 14.6 1.7 4.7 18.2 3.7 12.2 39.9 2.7 1.5 - 0.9

Texas 40,693 100.0 19.3 7.6 9.4 7.1 9.5 3.5 3.3 37.0 2.2 0.0 1.0

Utah 13,621 100.0 29.2 3.9 3.6 23.9 5.6 8.7 1.3 21.2 0.6 - 2.0

Vermont 1,638 100.0 5.1 1.5 6.2 53.0 15.5 6.5 6.0 - 0.3 - 5.9

Virgin Islands 162 100.0 - - 62.3 31.5 - - - - 6.2 - -

Virginia 21,039 100.0 18.0 1.8 25.6 44.7 2.3 3.6 1.0 0.8 0.3 - 1.9

Washington 31,260 100.0 53.6 2.5 4.6 10.3 11.1 8.4 4.8 1.6 0.8 1.0 1.4

West Virginia 4,704 100.0 15.5 4.4 2.8 50.1 4.5 19.5 0.4 0.0 - - 2.7

Wisconsin 16,535 100.0 18.2 3.1 3.9 32.1 9.6 18.5 5.6 1.4 1.5 0.3 5.8

Wyoming 2,091 100.0 18.1 0.3 7.7 41.0 19.6 6.1 7.1 - - - -

Organizational setting 1

Specialty substance abuse 

treatment

Table 5.7

Substance abuse treatment clients by organizational setting, according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997

59

1

 See Appendix B for a discussion of assignment of organizational setting.

2

 Facilities operated by Federal agencies are included in the States in which the facilities are located.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Page 2 of 2
Total Intensive Other Rehab Detox Rehab Detox Total Intensive Other Rehab Detox Rehab Detox

Clients in treatment 929,086 134,512 674,444 95,274 8,476 8,287 8,093 100.0 14.5 72.6 10.3 0.9 0.9 0.9

Alabama 10,664 7,102 3,001 455 45 27 34 100.0 66.6 28.1 4.3 0.4 0.3 0.3

Alaska 5,261 455 4,364 383 34 23 2 100.0 8.6 83.0 7.3 0.6 0.4 0.0

Arizona 12,307 1,705 9,150 1,165 102 117 68 100.0 13.9 74.3 9.5 0.8 1.0 0.6

Arkansas 4,129 393 2,868 689 48 66 65 100.0 9.5 69.5 16.7 1.2 1.6 1.6

California 88,876 10,921 62,063 13,670 962 844 416 100.0 12.3 69.8 15.4 1.1 0.9 0.5

Colorado 13,530 1,355 10,901 884 257 74 59 100.0 10.0 80.6 6.5 1.9 0.5 0.4

Connecticut 15,592 1,518 11,903 1,630 112 209 220 100.0 9.7 76.3 10.5 0.7 1.3 1.4

Delaware 3,567 297 2,726 502 33 2 7 100.0 8.3 76.4 14.1 0.9 0.1 0.2

Dist. of Columbia 8,201 3,342 3,049 282 153 32 1,343 100.0 40.8 37.2 3.4 1.9 0.4 16.4

Fed. of Micronesia 4 - 2 - - - 2 100.0 - 50.0 - - - 50.0

Florida 41,663 4,472 29,953 5,927 581 441 289 100.0 10.7 71.9 14.2 1.4 1.1 0.7

Georgia 16,118 4,227 9,194 1,136 1,140 172 249 100.0 26.2 57.0 7.0 7.1 1.1 1.5

Guam 32 10 6 16 - - - 100.0 31.3 18.8 50.0 - - -

Hawaii 2,177 378 1,403 367 9 15 5 100.0 17.4 64.4 16.9 0.4 0.7 0.2

Idaho 2,464 293 1,959 141 18 31 22 100.0 11.9 79.5 5.7 0.7 1.3 0.9

Illinois 39,040 6,602 28,426 3,001 216 500 295 100.0 16.9 72.8 7.7 0.6 1.3 0.8

Indiana 18,458 3,870 13,371 701 302 113 101 100.0 21.0 72.4 3.8 1.6 0.6 0.5

Iowa 5,373 691 3,630 933 24 74 21 100.0 12.9 67.6 17.4 0.4 1.4 0.4

Kansas 8,288 912 6,537 632 99 38 70 100.0 11.0 78.9 7.6 1.2 0.5 0.8

Kentucky 12,119 572 10,511 706 90 161 79 100.0 4.7 86.7 5.8 0.7 1.3 0.7

Louisiana 12,185 1,519 9,124 1,181 136 106 119 100.0 12.5 74.9 9.7 1.1 0.9 1.0

Maine 8,188 174 7,761 176 11 21 45 100.0 2.1 94.8 2.1 0.1 0.3 0.5

Maryland 23,794 3,629 18,742 1,231 82 85 25 100.0 15.3 78.8 5.2 0.3 0.4 0.1

Massachusetts 33,219 1,467 28,501 2,282 480 131 358 100.0 4.4 85.8 6.9 1.4 0.4 1.1

Michigan 49,788 5,280 41,002 2,243 106 551 606 100.0 10.6 82.4 4.5 0.2 1.1 1.2

Minnesota 7,593 1,831 3,126 2,105 174 277 80 100.0 24.1 41.2 27.7 2.3 3.6 1.1

Mississippi 5,334 289 3,450 1,338 18 125 114 100.0 5.4 64.7 25.1 0.3 2.3 2.1

Missouri 11,090 2,549 6,923 1,280 88 151 99 100.0 23.0 62.4 11.5 0.8 1.4 0.9

Montana 2,298 273 1,845 131 9 35 5 100.0 11.9 80.3 5.7 0.4 1.5 0.2

Nebraska 4,197 568 3,005 433 144 42 5 100.0 13.5 71.6 10.3 3.4 1.0 0.1

See notes at end of table.

60

Table 5.8

Substance abuse treatment clients by type of care, according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997

Outpatient Residential Hospital inpatient Outpatient Residential Hospital inpatient

Type of care

State or jurisdiction Number Percent 1

Page 1 of 2
Total Intensive Other Rehab Detox Rehab Detox Total Intensive Other Rehab Detox Rehab Detox

Nevada 5,279 228 4,660 302 35 17 37 100.0 4.3 88.3 5.7 0.7 0.3 0.7

New Hampshire 2,507 187 1,778 433 22 33 54 100.0 7.5 70.9 17.3 0.9 1.3 2.2

New Jersey 20,594 3,090 15,233 1,667 76 113 415 100.0 15.0 74.0 8.1 0.4 0.5 2.0

New Mexico 6,452 840 5,297 200 29 64 22 100.0 13.0 82.1 3.1 0.4 1.0 0.3

New York 127,272 19,364 93,994 10,993 745 1,275 901 100.0 15.2 73.9 8.6 0.6 1.0 0.7

North Carolina 17,379 2,371 13,191 1,177 183 310 147 100.0 13.6 75.9 6.8 1.1 1.8 0.8

North Dakota 2,086 506 1,247 196 52 78 7 100.0 24.3 59.8 9.4 2.5 3.7 0.3

Ohio 40,401 6,479 30,913 2,559 138 77 235 100.0 16.0 76.5 6.3 0.3 0.2 0.6

Oklahoma 7,572 518 5,378 1,132 142 156 246 100.0 6.8 71.0 14.9 1.9 2.1 3.2

Oregon 22,627 7,664 13,847 958 101 13 44 100.0 33.9 61.2 4.2 0.4 0.1 0.2

Palau 45 - 45 - - - - 100.0 - 100.0 - - - -

Pennsylvania 36,382 4,087 26,970 4,196 303 522 304 100.0 11.2 74.1 11.5 0.8 1.4 0.8

Puerto Rico 12,206 1,006 8,339 2,562 239 18 42 100.0 8.2 68.3 21.0 2.0 0.1 0.3

Rhode Island 5,084 240 4,424 318 43 22 37 100.0 4.7 87.0 6.3 0.8 0.4 0.7

South Carolina 10,862 1,062 9,229 265 121 137 48 100.0 9.8 85.0 2.4 1.1 1.3 0.4

South Dakota 1,880 260 1,272 258 34 48 8 100.0 13.8 67.7 13.7 1.8 2.6 0.4

Tennessee 13,166 1,704 10,252 944 60 72 134 100.0 12.9 77.9 7.2 0.5 0.5 1.0

Texas 40,693 3,509 20,007 16,266 245 402 264 100.0 8.6 49.2 40.0 0.6 1.0 0.6

Utah 13,621 934 11,306 1,191 98 37 55 100.0 6.9 83.0 8.7 0.7 0.3 0.4

Vermont 1,638 146 1,432 34 14 4 8 100.0 8.9 87.4 2.1 0.9 0.2 0.5

Virgin Islands 162 - 127 35 - - - 100.0 - 78.4 21.6 - - -

Virginia 21,039 3,883 15,567 1,277 151 71 90 100.0 18.5 74.0 6.1 0.7 0.3 0.4

Washington 31,260 7,670 21,857 1,438 108 144 43 100.0 24.5 69.9 4.6 0.3 0.5 0.1

West Virginia 4,704 324 3,983 309 34 13 41 100.0 6.9 84.7 6.6 0.7 0.3 0.9

Wisconsin 16,535 1,535 13,870 868 26 137 99 100.0 9.3 83.9 5.2 0.2 0.8 0.6

Wyoming 2,091 211 1,730 76 4 61 9 100.0 10.1 82.7 3.6 0.2 2.9 0.4

61

State or jurisdiction 1

Table 5.8

Substance abuse treatment clients by type of care, according to State or jurisdiction: October 1, 1997

Type of care

Number Percent

Outpatient Residential Hospital inpatient Outpatient Residential Hospital inpatient

1

 Facilities operated by Federal agencies are included in the States in which the facilities are located.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Page 2 of 2
State or jurisdiction 2 Clients

Beds 

available

Utilization 

rate (%)

No. of 

facilities Clients

Beds 

available

Utilization 

rate (%)

No. of 

facilities Clients

Beds 

available

Utilization 

rate (%)

Total 103,384 132,237 78.2 2,683 91,293 108,974 83.8 948 12,091 23,263 52.0

Alabama 559 884 63.2 21 498 674 73.9 9 61 210 29.0

Alaska 402 474 84.8 21 382 448 85.3 2 20 26 76.9

Arizona 1,378 2,013 68.5 39 1,195 1,609 74.3 14 183 404 45.3

Arkansas 780 1,275 61.2 23 660 1,101 59.9 8 120 174 69.0

California 12,314 14,908 82.6 428 11,560 13,525 85.5 67 754 1,383 54.5

Colorado 1,198 1,663 72.0 28 1,066 1,415 75.3 16 132 248 53.2

Connecticut 1,943 2,457 79.1 63 1,514 1,806 83.8 23 429 651 65.9

Delaware 537 615 87.3 14 528 571 92.5 3 9 44 20.5

Dist. of Columbia 441 522 84.5 11 425 487 87.3 2 16 35 45.7

Fed. of Micronesia 2 2 100.0 - - - - 1 2 2 100.0

Florida 6,238 7,757 80.4 139 5,764 7,041 81.9 37 474 716 66.2

Georgia 1,615 2,683 60.2 46 1,222 1,651 74.0 39 393 1,032 38.1

Guam 16 16 100.0 1 16 16 100.0 - - - -

Hawaii 289 419 69.0 14 269 372 72.3 3 20 47 42.6

Idaho 200 369 54.2 13 153 226 67.7 6 47 143 32.9

Illinois 3,480 4,338 80.2 74 2,780 3,159 88.0 41 700 1,179 59.4

Indiana 1,136 1,326 85.7 31 929 693 134.1 38 207 633 32.7

Iowa 761 970 78.5 24 671 773 86.8 11 90 197 45.7

Kansas 800 982 81.5 27 714 832 85.8 9 86 150 57.3

Kentucky 1,004 1,408 71.3 37 781 927 84.3 16 223 481 46.4

Louisiana 1,287 1,794 71.7 38 1,068 1,191 89.7 24 219 603 36.3

Maine 219 371 59.0 14 166 274 60.6 7 53 97 54.6

Maryland 1,226 1,860 65.9 56 1,136 1,604 70.8 9 90 256 35.2

Massachusetts 3,051 3,763 81.1 100 2,573 2,936 87.6 30 478 827 57.8

Michigan 2,614 3,596 72.7 85 2,272 2,971 76.5 25 342 625 54.7

Minnesota 2,588 3,420 75.7 90 2,250 2,798 80.4 17 338 622 54.3

Mississippi 1,436 1,947 73.8 30 1,197 1,445 82.8 17 239 502 47.6

Missouri 1,558 1,947 80.0 54 1,316 1,539 85.5 17 242 408 59.3

Montana 160 256 62.5 7 140 203 69.0 3 20 53 37.7

Nebraska 588 964 61.0 26 544 851 63.9 5 44 113 38.9

See notes at end of table.

62

Table 5.9

Substance abuse treatment facilities with residential or hospital inpatient beds available for substance abuse treatment,1 by State or 

jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 

Residential 1

Total Hospital inpatient 1

Page 1 of 2
State or jurisdiction 2 Clients

Beds 

available

Utilization 

rate (%)

No. of 

facilities Clients

Beds 

available

Utilization 

rate (%)

No. of 

facilities Clients

Beds 

available

Utilization 

rate (%)

Nevada 356 472 75.4 16 323 397 81.4 3 33 75 44.0

New Hampshire 358 688 52.0 13 280 340 82.4 9 78 348 22.4

New Jersey 1,827 2,109 86.6 36 1,522 1,727 88.1 15 305 382 79.8

New Mexico 315 471 66.9 14 229 313 73.2 7 86 158 54.4

New York 11,746 14,319 82.0 215 9,925 11,416 86.9 96 1,821 2,903 62.7

North Carolina 1,618 2,120 76.3 41 1,166 1,405 83.0 29 452 715 63.2

North Dakota 232 270 85.9 7 147 164 89.6 4 85 106 80.2

Ohio 2,670 3,962 67.4 116 2,425 3,261 74.4 37 245 701 35.0

Oklahoma 1,523 1,847 82.5 43 1,225 1,521 80.5 13 298 326 91.4

Oregon 1,036 1,340 77.3 39 981 1,177 83.3 5 55 163 33.7

Palau - - - - - - - - - - -

Pennsylvania 5,140 6,485 79.3 128 4,392 5,215 84.2 41 748 1,270 58.9

Puerto Rico 2,713 3,450 78.6 30 2,653 3,360 79.0 4 60 90 66.7

Rhode Island 420 567 74.1 20 361 448 80.6 4 59 119 49.6

South Carolina 571 976 58.5 18 386 656 58.8 11 185 320 57.8

South Dakota 290 422 68.7 11 237 315 75.2 5 53 107 49.5

Tennessee 1,113 1,741 63.9 37 926 1,266 73.1 17 187 475 39.4

Texas 16,106 18,262 88.2 141 15,526 16,919 91.8 57 580 1,343 43.2

Utah 1,255 1,443 87.0 24 1,180 1,333 88.5 7 75 110 68.2

Vermont 60 131 45.8 7 48 101 47.5 3 12 30 40.0

Virgin Islands 35 40 87.5 1 35 40 87.5 - - - -

Virginia 1,140 1,827 62.4 34 1,009 1,301 77.6 26 131 526 24.9

Washington 1,600 1,967 81.3 41 1,413 1,619 87.3 15 187 348 53.7

West Virginia 322 510 63.1 20 286 361 79.2 8 36 149 24.2

Wisconsin 970 1,601 60.6 69 751 1,055 71.2 28 219 546 40.1

Wyoming 148 218 67.9 8 78 126 61.9 5 70 92 76.1

63

Total Hospital inpatient 1 Residential 1

Table 5.9

Substance abuse treatment facilities with residential or hospital inpatient beds available for substance abuse treatment,1 by State or 

jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 

1

 This table is based on facilities reporting both clients and number of beds available for substance abuse treatment. Of 1,088 facilities reporting hospital inpatient 

clients, 87% reported number of beds available for substance abuse treatment. Of 3,002 facilities reporting residential clients, 89% reported number of beds available 

for substance treatment.

2

 Facilities operated by Federal agencies are included in the States in which the facilities are located.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Page 2 of 2
Total Methadone LAAM Total Methadone LAAM

State or jurisdiction 1 Number Percent Total clients

Total 768 100.0 178,263 77.4 138,009 135,696 2,313 100.0 98.3 1.7

Alabama 11 1.4 1,990 83.0 1,652 1,641 11 100.0 99.3 0.7

Alaska 1 0.1 60 98.3 59 59 - 100.0 100.0 -

Arizona 20 2.6 2,962 83.5 2,473 2,383 90 100.0 96.4 3.6

Arkansas 1 0.1 99 100.0 99 93 6 100.0 93.9 6.1

California 112 14.6 26,748 84.7 22,658 22,204 454 100.0 98.0 2.0

Colorado 8 1.0 3,457 47.0 1,626 1,621 5 100.0 99.7 0.3

Connecticut 28 3.6 6,625 77.2 5,117 5,062 55 100.0 98.9 1.1

Delaware 2 0.3 830 54.3 451 451 - 100.0 100.0 -

Dist. of Columbia 6 0.8 1,896 81.5 1,545 1,507 38 100.0 97.5 2.5

Fed. of Micronesia - - - - - - - - - -

Florida 20 2.6 4,818 55.7 2,682 2,632 50 100.0 98.1 1.9

Georgia 13 1.7 2,220 50.8 1,127 1,127 - 100.0 100.0 -

Guam - - - - - - - - - -

Hawaii 2 0.3 286 100.0 286 286 - 100.0 100.0 -

Idaho - - - - - - - - - -

Illinois 36 4.7 8,388 70.1 5,882 5,782 100 100.0 98.3 1.7

Indiana 9 1.2 1,795 72.6 1,303 1,210 93 100.0 92.9 7.1

Iowa 1 0.1 120 100.0 120 117 3 100.0 97.5 2.5

Kansas 3 0.4 364 100.0 364 364 - 100.0 100.0 -

Kentucky 7 0.9 694 91.9 638 594 44 100.0 93.1 6.9

Louisiana 8 1.0 2,059 40.6 836 810 26 100.0 96.9 3.1

Maine 1 0.1 237 100.0 237 237 - 100.0 100.0 -

Maryland 37 4.8 7,294 80.8 5,895 5,851 44 100.0 99.3 0.7

Massachusetts 29 3.8 5,939 85.2 5,060 5,060 - 100.0 100.0 -

Michigan 30 3.9 8,225 86.1 7,081 6,943 138 100.0 98.1 1.9

Minnesota 7 0.9 1,392 76.5 1,065 1,065 - 100.0 100.0 -

Mississippi - - - - - - - - - -

Missouri 8 1.0 1,143 85.7 980 980 - 100.0 100.0 -

Montana - - - - - - - - - -

Nebraska - - - - - - - - - -

See notes at end of table.

64

Table 5.10

Facilities dispensing opioid substitutes and substance abuse treatment clients receiving opioid substitutes, by State or 

jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 

Clients in treatment receiving opioid substitutes (methadone or LAAM)

Number Percent

Facilities

Facilities dispensing opioid substitutes

Percent 

receiving 

opioid 

substitutes

Page 1 of 2
Total Methadone LAAM Total Methadone LAAM

State or jurisdiction 1 Number Percent Total clients

Nevada 8 1.0 1,703 92.1 1,569 1,542 27 100.0 98.3 1.7

New Hampshire 2 0.3 29 20.7 6 6 - 100.0 100.0 -

New Jersey 21 2.7 6,118 88.9 5,438 5,420 18 100.0 99.7 0.3

New Mexico 3 0.4 1,169 36.5 427 424 3 100.0 99.3 0.7

New York 175 22.8 40,675 89.0 36,209 35,865 344 100.0 99.0 1.0

North Carolina 9 1.2 3,294 30.3 998 998 - 100.0 100.0 -

North Dakota - - - - - - - - - -

Ohio 11 1.4 4,727 45.0 2,127 2,080 47 100.0 97.8 2.2

Oklahoma 2 0.3 662 36.7 243 237 6 100.0 97.5 2.5

Oregon 8 1.0 1,879 93.5 1,756 1,737 19 100.0 98.9 1.1

Palau - - - - - - - - - -

Pennsylvania 35 4.6 7,608 69.8 5,311 5,193 118 100.0 97.8 2.2

Puerto Rico 4 0.5 1,124 95.9 1,078 1,078 - 100.0 100.0 -

Rhode Island 6 0.8 1,409 80.7 1,137 1,115 22 100.0 98.1 1.9

South Carolina 3 0.4 1,258 38.7 487 461 26 100.0 94.7 5.3

South Dakota - - - - - - - - - -

Tennessee 5 0.7 1,927 81.7 1,574 1,574 - 100.0 100.0 -

Texas 37 4.8 5,761 83.8 4,829 4,702 127 100.0 97.4 2.6

Utah 5 0.7 897 82.9 744 727 17 100.0 97.7 2.3

Vermont 1 0.1 69 4.3 3 3 - 100.0 100.0 -

Virgin Islands 1 0.1 54 37.0 20 20 - 100.0 100.0 -

Virginia 14 1.8 3,047 50.8 1,548 1,233 315 100.0 79.7 20.3

Washington 11 1.4 3,679 66.2 2,435 2,368 67 100.0 97.2 2.8

West Virginia 1 0.1 8 12.5 1 1 - 100.0 100.0 -

Wisconsin 5 0.7 1,362 60.8 828 828 - 100.0 100.0 -

Wyoming 1 0.1 163 3.1 5 5 - 100.0 100.0 -

65

Table 5.10

Facilities dispensing opioid substitutes and substance abuse treatment clients receiving opioid substitutes, by State or 

jurisdiction: October 1, 1997 

Facilities dispensing opioid substitutes Clients in treatment receiving opioid substitutes (methadone or LAAM)

Facilities

Percent 

receiving 

opioid 

substitutes Number Percent

1

 Facilities operated by Federal agencies are included in the States in which the facilities are located.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, 

October 1, 1997.

Page 2 of 2
66
67

APPENDIX A

UFDS 1997 QUESTIONNAIRE

his Appendix contains a complete copy of using computer-assisted telephone interviewing Tthe 1997 UFDS questionnaire that was sent

by mail to all facilities. As noted in Chapter 1, view is not included here because it contains

82 percent of the 10,860 responding treatment embedded instructions and skip patterns that

facilities completed this version of the question- make it difficult to read. 

naire.

A slightly abbreviated version of the mail mail survey except the detailed check list of

questionnaire was administered by telephone to substance abuse services (Question 20). Howthose facilities that, after repeated efforts de- ever, the section of this check list concerning

tailed in Chapter 1, had not completed the programs for special groups (items 30-34) was

survey. The telephone interview was conducted asked of telephone respondents.

(CATI). A printed version of the CATI interThe CATI interview included all items from the
68
P T O A (Office Use Only)

 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services FORM APPROVED:

 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

OMB No: 0930-0106

APPROVAL EXPIRES: 8/31/99

DRUG AND ALCOHOL SERVICES INFORMATION SYSTEM (DASIS)

UNIFORM FACILITY DATA SET (UFDS)

OCTOBER 1, 1997

This questionnaire asks about the facility listed below. Please check the accuracy of the information. Update

items that are blank or inaccurate by entering the correct information in the space provided on the lower half of

this page. If you are reporting data for the first time, please provide all of the information requested.

IF NO CHANGES ARE NEEDED (ALL INFORMATION IS COMPLETE AND CORRECT), MARK (X) THIS BOX  ̃ G

Don’t Don’t

Know Know

STATE ID -1 ~ NFR ID - -1 ~

EIN ID:** -1 ~ FDA ID - -1 ~

**The EIN ID number is your employer identification number or your federal tax identification number. Your accounting or personnel departments may have this number.

Facility Director's Name

Facility Name

Mailing Address

City State ZIP Code 

Street Name

City State ZIP Code 

County Telephone No. Ext. (if any) 

Facility Director's Telephone No. Ext. (if any) Facility Fax Number: TTY/TDD Number:
Why is completing this questionnaire important?

Your participation makes a difference. The UFDS survey is the ONLY source of

data on ALL known substance abuse treatment and prevention programs in the

nation. When substance abuse policy makers and program managers need up-todate national information on characteristics of substance abuse programs and the

numbers and types of clients served, they rely on the UFDS. UFDS data are used

to formulate the Nation’s annual drug control strategy and to make many other

important decisions regarding substance abuse policy.

This survey is sponsored by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services

Administration (SAMHSA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

19 1

1 9

Instructions

C The reference date for UFDS is October 1, 1997.

C Use a # 2 pencil. If you wish to change an answer, please erase cleanly. 

C See example below for the proper way to record a number in a box.

C Return the completed questionnaire in the envelope provided.

If you have any questions concerning this questionnaire, or if you need

additional blank forms, contact:

MATHEMATICA POLICY RESEARCH, INC.

1-888-324-UFDS (8337)

Correct Incorrect

Public burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 50 minutes per response for treatment providers and 3 minutes per response for nontreatment providers (e.g., prevention and

education), including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send

comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to SAMHSA Reports Clearance Officer; Room 16-105,

Parklawn Building, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently

valid OMB control number. The OMB number for this project is 0930-0106.
1

1. On October 1, 1997 was the facility named on the 3. Does this facility operate or participate in a 

cover providing substance abuse treatment, hotline that provides substance abuse 

prevention, administrative, or other counseling and referral services?

nontreatment services?

~ 1 Yes  ̃ SKIP TO Q.2

~ 2 No

1a. (If No) When did this facility close or stop and hours of operation. If 24 hours, check the

providing substance abuse services? RECORD box.

MONTH AND YEAR

MONTH: |___|___|

YEAR: 19 |___|___| SKIP TO Q.27, PAGE 10

~ -1 Don't Know

2. Who is the owner of this substance abuse

facility?

MARK ONE ONLY services were provided by this facility at this site?

~ 1 A Private-for-Profit Organization

~ 2 A Private Non-Profit Organization

~ 3 State Government SKIP TO

~ 4 Local County or Community 

Q.3

Government

~ 5 Tribal Government

~ 6 Federal Government

2a. Which federal government agency?

MARK ONE ONLY

~ 1 Department of Veterans Affairs

~ 2 Department of Defense

~ 3 Bureau of Prisons

~ 4 Indian Health Service

~ 5 Other (Specify:

 )

911 is not considered a hotline

~ 1 Yes

~ 2 No  ̃ SKIP TO Q.4

3a. Please enter the hotline telephone number(s)

24

PHONE NUMBER(S): HOURS OF OPERATION HOURS

( )- ~ 

Weekdays

 ~ 

Weekends

( )- ~ 

Weekdays

 ~ 

Weekends

4. On October 1, 1997, which of the following

MARK ALL THAT APPLY

~ 1 Substance Abuse Treatment (services that focus 

on initiating and maintaining an individual’s

recovery from substance abuse and on averting 

relapse, including detoxification)

~ 2 Substance Abuse Prevention (prevention 

activities directed at individuals not identified to be 

in need of treatment, such as information dissemination

or education)

~ 3 Other Substance Abuse Services (such as 

intake, assessment, and referral)

~ 4 Administrative Services (such as billing, 

personnel, and scheduling)

5. Did you check box 1 in Q.4?

~ 1 Yes

~ 2 No  ̃ SKIP TO Q.27, PAGE 10

5a. Is a drunk driving or DUI/DWI program the ONLY

substance abuse service provided by this facility?

1 ~ Yes  ̃ SKIP TO Q.27, PAGE 10

2 ~ No
2

6. Which ONE category best describes the SETTING of 7. Is this facility owned or operated by a managed

this substance abuse treatment facility? care organization (for example, an HMO)?

MARK ONE

~ 1 General hospital, may include an

outpatient substance abuse unit on site

~ 2 Psychiatric hospital, may include an

outpatient substance abuse unit on 

site

~ 3 Other specialized hospital, may

include an outpatient substance

abuse unit on site (for example,

alcoholism, maternity, children’s,

orthopedic)

~ 4 Solo practice SKIP

TO Q.7

~ 5 Group practice

~ 6 School (elementary, secondary,

college/university)

~ 7 Jail, prison or juvenile detention

center

~ 8 Other criminal justice (TASC,

pretrial diversion, court referral,

probation, parole, community

corrections)

~ 9 Other setting

6a. More specifically would you describe this facility 

as:

MARK YES OR NO FOR EACH

YES NO

1 ~ 2 ~ a. OUTPATIENT substance abuse treatment

facility

1 ~ 2 ~ b. Community MENTAL health center or other

mental health facility that provides a variety

of services

1 ~ 2 ~ c. Community Health Center, including Migrant

Health Center, Urban Indian Program, 

Health Care for the Homeless Center

1 ~ 2 ~ d. Halfway House

1 ~ 2 ~ e. Therapeutic Community

1 ~ 2 ~ f. Other RESIDENTIAL substance abuse

treatment facility

1 ~ 2 ~ g. Community or religious organization/agency 

that provides a variety of social services

1 ~ 2 ~ h. Other (Specify: )

~ 1 Yes

~ 2 No

8. On October 1, 1997, did this facility have letters

of agreement or contracts with managed care

organizations for providing substance abuse

treatment services?

~ 1 Yes, had formal written agreements or contracts

with managed care organizations

~ 2 No formal written agreements or contracts with

managed care organizations  ̃ SKIP TO Q.9

~ -1 Don’t know  ̃ SKIP TO Q.9

8a. With how many managed care organizations

did you have formal written agreements or

contracts?

Number: 

9. On October 1, 1997 was this facility structured

as a parent organization or master site with one

or more affiliate sites that provide substance

abuse treatment services?

~ 1 Yes

~ 2 No  ̃ SKIP TO Q.10, PAGE 3

9a. On October 1, 1997, how many affiliate sites did

this facility have that provide substance abuse

treatment services?

Number: 
3

10. On October 1, 1997, was this facility an affiliate of a parent organization or master site?

~ 1 Yes

~ 2 No  ̃ SKIP TO Q.10b

10a. Please provide the following information for the parent organization/master site.

Organization: 

Contact Name: 

Mailing Address: 

City: State: 

ZIP: Telephone Number: ( ) - 

10b. The rest of this questionnaire should be answered for those services, activities, etc. provided at this site

by the facility listed on the cover of this questionnaire. Parent organizations or master sites should not

include affiliate sites in their responses. Can you respond for only the services, activities, etc. provided at

this site?

~ 1 Yes  ̃SKIP TO Q.11

~ 2 No

10c. If responding for only this site is not possible, for approximately how many sites will you be reporting in

total?

MARK ONE ONLY

~ 2 sites

~ 3-5 sites

~ 6-10 sites

~ More than 10 sites

11. Waiting Lists. If a program is full, does this facility maintain a formal waiting list of people waiting for

substance abuse services?

C Formal waiting list: a record of the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of applicants eligible for admission. 

The list must include the date of application and nature of follow-up contacts.

~ 1 Yes

~ 2 No ! SKIP TO Q.12, PAGE 4

11a. On October 1, 1997, how many people were on the waiting list?

Number on 

Waiting List: ,
4

12. Number of Active Clients on October 1, 1997. In each of the categories listed below, please enter the number

of active clients who were receiving substance abuse treatment at this facility on October 1, 1997:

C DO NOT count codependents, parents, other relatives, friends (i.e., “collaterals”), or other nontreatment clients.

IF NONE, 

NUMBER CHECK BOX

a. Hospital Inpatients - Detoxification on October 1, 1997and were not discharged that day ...... , ~

b. Hospital Inpatients - Rehabilitation on October 1, 1997and were not discharged

that day .......................................................................... , ~

c. Residential (24-Hour Care) - Detoxification on October 1, 1997 and were not discharged 

that day .......................................................................... , ~

d. Residential (24-Hour Care) - Rehabilitation on October 1, 1997 and were not discharged

that day .......................................................................... , ~

e. Outpatients (Less Than 24-Hour Care) who received a substance abuse treatment service 

between September 1 and October 1, 1997 and were still enrolled on October 1,

1997. . .DO NOT INCLUDE CLIENTS WHOSE ONLY SERVICE IS ATTENDING A DUI/DWI PROGRAM .......... , ~

f. Intensive Outpatients* who received a substance abuse treatment service—including day

treatment—between September 1 and October 1, 1997 and were still enrolled on October 1,

1997 *(Services provided to a client that last 2 hours or more per day/3 or more days a week) ............ , ~

g. TOTAL NUMBER OF ACTIVE CLIENTS (add a - f) , 

Q.12g

12h. Are the numbers entered in the TOTAL box Q.12g actual active client counts for October 1, 1997 or your best estimate?

~ 1 Actual count ~ 2 Estimate

13. Approximately what percentage of the clients in the Q.12g TOTAL box were being treated on October 1,

1997 for:

a. Alcohol Abuse Only ................ .00%

b. Drug Abuse Only .................. .00%

c. Both Alcohol and Drug Abuse ....... .00%

TOTAL CLIENTS 100 %

14. Did you enter a number larger than zero in either the Hospital Inpatient (Q.12a or Q.12b) or Residential—24

Hour Care (Q.12c or Q12.d) categories in Q.12?

~ 1 Yes ~ 2 No  ̃ SKIP TO Q.15, PAGE 5

14a. On October 1, 1997, how many of the beds at this facility could have been used for:

NUMBER OF BEDS

a. Hospital Inpatient Substance Abuse Treatment .......................... , ~ NONE 

b. Non-Hospital Residential (24-Hour) Substance Abuse Treatment ........... , ~ NONE 
5

CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTIVE CLIENTS ON OCTOBER 1, 1997

15. Please complete the following table for the number of active clients reported in Q.12 (page 4).

C Enter the TOTAL from Q.12g into the three TOTAL boxes in Column 1 below.

C Column 1. Enter the number of active clients for each age, race, and sex category in Column 1. For each category with no clients, enter zero,

“0."

C Columns 2-4. For each age, race, and sex category with a number greater than zero in Column 1 complete Columns 2-4 to show how many

clients were in each of the three types of care. The SUM of each row in Columns 2, 3 and 4 MUST EQUAL the Column 1 total for that row.

NUMBER OF ACTIVE CLIENTS BY TYPE OF CARE 

1 2 3 4

HOSPITAL INPATIENT RESIDENTIAL (24-HOUR CARE) OUTPATIENT

Client Category TOTAL From Q.12a + Q.21b From Q.12c + Q.12d From Q.21e + Q.12f

AGE

Under 18 years ................ |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

18-20 ....................... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

21-24 ....................... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

25-34 ....................... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

35-44 ....................... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

45-64 ....................... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

65 and Over .................. |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

Don’t Know .................. |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

TOTAL NUMBER OF 

ACTIVE CLIENTS ............ |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

 (from Q.12g)

RACE/ETHNICITY

White, not of Hispanic Origin ..... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

Black, not of Hispanic Origin ..... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

Hispanic ..................... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

Asian or Pacific Islander ......... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

American Indian/Alaskan Native . . |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

Other ....................... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

Don’t Know .................. |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

TOTAL NUMBER OF 

ACTIVE CLIENTS ............ |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

 (from Q.12g)

GENDER

Male ........................ |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

Female ...................... |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

Don’t Know .................. |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

TOTAL NUMBER OF 

ACTIVE CLIENTS .............. |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__| |__|,|__|__|__|

 (from Q.12g)

15a. Are the numbers entered in Q.15 actual active client counts for October 1, 1997 or your best estimate?

~ 1 Actual active client counts

~ 2 Estimate
6

16. Does this facility dispense the opioid substitutes methadone or LAAM at this site?

~ 1 Yes  ̃ (Make certain your FDA ID number on the cover has been recorded and is correct)

~ 2 No  ̃ SKIP TO Q.17

16a. On October 1, 1997, approximately how many of the clients in the TOTAL box at Q.12g (page 4) were

receiving:

Number

a. Methadone at this site ................................... |___|,|___|___|___|

b. LAAM at this site ....................................... |___|,|___|___|___|

17. On October 1, 1997, about how many of the clients recorded in the TOTAL box at Q.12g were:

C Provide your answers either as numbers or percentages. Your best estimate is fine. If a reasonable estimate is

not possible, mark the “Unknown” box.

C For 17a and 17b, the number entered should not exceed the total number of females reported in Q.15.

C The active clients in Q.12 can be reported more than once in categories a-h below.

Number OR Percentage Unknown 

 

a. Pregnant? ............................................. |___|,|___|___|___| |___|___|___| .00 % ~ -1

b. Women with dependent children? .......................... |___|,|___|___|___| |___|___|___| .00 % ~ -1

c. Injection drug users at the time of admission? ................. |___|,|___|___|___| |___|___|___| .00 % ~ -1

d. Known as having an active case of tuberculosis (TB)? .......... |___|,|___|___|___| |___|___|___| .00 % ~ -1

e. HIV positive? ........................................... |___|,|___|___|___| |___|___|___| .00 % ~ -1

f. Clients who had previously received substance

abuse treatment from you or another facility? ................. |___|,|___|___|___| |___|___|___| .00 % ~ -1

g. Covered by managed care arrangements .................... |___|,|___|___|___| |___|___|___| .00 % ~ -1

h. Criminal justice referred clients (excluding DUI/DWI) ........... |___|,|___|___|___| |___|___|___| .00 % ~ -1

18. From October 1, 1996 to September 30, 1997—or during the most recent 12-month period for which

information is available— what was this facility’s:

C DO NOT INCLUDE NONTREATMENT CLIENTS

12 - MONTH 

a. Total number of substance abuse treatment admissions—count every admission for the year, ADMISSIONS 

which includes each admission for clients readmitted for treatment or clients entering more than 

one type of care ..................................................................... |___|___|,|___|___|___|

b. Unduplicated count of substance abuse treatment clients—count every client treated during that 12 - MONTH 

time period—both new clients and clients already receiving treatment. HOWEVER, count each CLIENTS 

client only once, even if a client was readmitted or treated more than once during the

time period. . . . . . . (This count should be no less than the total reported at Q.12g) ................ |___|___|,|___|___|___|

19. Is the number entered in: Actual Best

Count Estimate

a. Q.18a an actual admissions count for the year or your best estimate? ............. ~ 1 ~ 2

b. Q.18b an actual unduplicated count for the year or your best estimate? ........... ~ 1 ~ 2
7

20. As of October 1, 1997, which of these services were being provided at this substance abuse facility?

MARK ALL THAT APPLY Programs for Special Groups

Assessment Services

~ 1 Comprehensive substance abuse assessment/

diagnosis

~ 2 Comprehensive mental health assessment/

diagnosis (for example, psychological/psychiatric

evaluation and testing)

~ 3 Other (Specify: )

Therapy

~ 4 Family counseling

~ 5 Group therapy, not including relapse prevention

~ 6 Individual therapy

~ 7 Pharmacotherapies/prescription medication

~ 8 Relapse prevention groups

~ 9 Other (Specify: )

Testing (Include testing service even if specimen is sent 

to outside source for chemical analysis)

~ 10 Blood alcohol testing (including breathalyzer)

~ 11 Drug/alcohol urine screening

~ 12 Hair analysis

~ 13 Hepatitis testing

~ 14 HIV testing

~ 15 STD testing

~ 16 TB screening

~ 17 Other (Specify: )

Health Services

~ 18 Family planning

~ 19 Medical care (including physical exams)

~ 20 Prenatal care

~ 21 Perinatal care

~ 22 TB treatment

~ 23 Health education (for example, nutrition,

contagious diseases, STD other than HIV/AIDS)

~ 24 HIV/AIDS education/counseling/support

~ 25 Smoking cessation

~ 26 Other (Specify: )

Continuing Care

~ 27 Aftercare counseling

~ 28 Alumni(ae) groups

~ 29 Other (Specify: )

~ 30 Adolescents

~ 31 Dually-diagnosed (mental and substance abuse

disorders)

~ 32 Persons with HIV/AIDS

~ 33 Pregnant/Postpartum women

~ 34 Other (Specify: )

Transitional Services

~ 35 Assistance with obtaining Social Services

(i.e., Medicaid, WIC, SSI, SSDI)

~ 36 Discharge planning

~ 37 Employment counseling/training

~ 38 Housing assistance

~ 32 Referral to other services

~ 40 Other (Specify: )

Community Outreach

~ 41 Drug and alcohol education

~ 42 Outreach/early intervention

~ 43 Media presentations (T.V., radio, brochures)

~ 44 Membership in a community partnership

program

~ 45 Other (Specify: )

Other Services

~ 46 Academic education/GED classes

~ 47 Acupuncture

~ 48 Case management services

~ 49 Child care

~ 50 Communication skills

~ 51 Detoxification from substance of abuse

~ 52 Domestic violence - family/partner violence

services (physical, sexual and emotional abuse)

~ 53 Home visits

~ 54 Life skills for independent living

~ 55 Outcome follow-up (post-discharge)

~ 56 Parenting/family skills development

~ 57 Self-help groups, including 12-step programs

~ 58 Socialization/recreational services (for example,

scheduled activities such as camping, sporting

events)

~ 59 Transportation assistance to treatment

~ 60 Other (Specify: )
8

** Unspecified: Only use if you are unable to distinguish between

revenue from managed care and non-managed care sources.

DO NOT DOUBLE COUNT REVENUE.

21. Using the MOST RECENT 12 - month fiscal reporting period for which data are available, what was the

substance abuse treatment revenue or funding for this facility? Include all sources such as client

payments, insurance, government funds, and donations.

C If these data are obtained from a financial report with the information recorded in thousands of dollars, please 

remember to add three zeroes when recording these figures.

C If substance abuse treatment revenue is summed together with other revenue, please provide your best estimate for 

the substance abuse treatment portion.

Total Substance Abuse Treatment Revenue or Funding: $ |___|___|___| , |___|___|___| , |___|___|__| .00

21a. What 12 - month reporting period was used to answer Q.21?

FROM: |___|___| |___|___| 19 |___|___| THROUGH: |___|___| |___|___| 19 |___|___|

Month Day Year Month Day Year

22. How much of the substance abuse treatment revenue or funding reported in Q.21 was paid directly to this

facility by:

C Provide your answers either as numbers or percentages.

C If you marked category “6” (Federal government) in Q.2, you should have revenues or funding to report in category “e” below.

REVENUE OR FUNDING SOURCES DOLLAR AMOUNT OR ESTIMATED 

 PERCENT 

a. Client payments (self-payment, deductibles, copayments) ................ $ %

b. Private health insurance

1. Fee-for-service (not HMO, PPO, or managed care) .................. $ %

2. HMO/PPO/Managed care payments .............................. $ %

3. Private health insurance, unspecified** ............................. $ %

c. Medicaid

1. Not managed care—Title XIX, including all Federal, State, and Local 

matching Medicaid funds ....................................... $ %

2. Managed care payments—Title XIX, including all Federal, State, and 

Local matching Medicaid funds .................................. $ %

3. Medicaid, unspecified** ......................................... $ %

d. Medicare ....................................................... $ %

e. Government funds

1. Federal (for example, VA, CHAMPUS—not including Medicare) ........ $ %

2. State—including Federal block grants or any other State-only medical 

assistance ................................................... $ %

3. Local—not including Medicaid ................................... $ %

f. Other public funds, source unspecified ............................... $ %

g. Other funds (such as funds from charities, donations, fund-raising events) - 

(Specify Largest Source: _________________) ....................... $ %

h. Unknown ....................................................... $ %

Total $ * 100% 

 *Should Equal Q.21 Revenue or 

Funding Amount
9

NFR ID # - ~ -1 Don't Know

State ID # ~ -1 Don't Know

Name 

 

Location Address 

 

 

City 

State ZIP Code |___|___|___|___|___|

Telephone (|__|__|__|)-|__|__|__|-|__|__|__|__|

Ext. (if any) 

NFR ID # - ~ -1 Don't Know

State ID # ~ -1 Don't Know

Name 

 

Location Address 

 

 

City 

State ZIP Code |___|___|___|___|___|

Telephone (|__|__|__|)-|__|__|__|-|__|__|__|__|

Ext. (if any) 

23. To answer Q.22, did you primarily use:

MARK ONE ONLY

~ 1 An audited financial statement for the substance abuse treatment facility on the cover

~ 2 An unaudited financial statement for the substance abuse treatment facility on the cover

~ 3 The annual budget for the substance abuse treatment facility on the cover

~ 4 A financial statement, budget, or records from an administrative parent

~ 5 Estimates based on other records, budgets, or statements

~ 6 Other estimates

24. Does the revenue or funding information reported in Q.22 include revenues or funding for a site OTHER

THAN the one identified on the cover of this questionnaire?

~ 1 Yes

~ 2 No  ̃ SKIP TO Q.25

24a. Please complete a block below for each site whose revenue or funding information is included in Q.22. 

Make a photocopy of this page if more address blocks are needed or send your own printout.

25. Were you able to provide revenue or funding sources in Q.22 for at least 75 percent of the total reported

revenue?

~ 1 Yes  ̃ SKIP TO Q.26, PAGE 10

~ 2 No

25a. Is there another organization that can provide the revenue or funding information for your facility?

~ 1 Yes  ̃ GO TO Q.25b, PAGE 10

~ 2 No  ̃

Please explain:

SKIP TO Q.26, PAGE 10
10

Name of Organization 

 

Mailing Address 

 

City State ZIP Code 

Name (Contact Person) 

Telephone (|__|__|__|)-|__|__|__|-|__|__|__|__| Ext. (if any) 

Thank you for your participation. Please return this questionnaire in the envelope

provided. If you no longer have the envelope, please mail this questionnaire to:

MATHEMATICA POLICY RESEARCH, INC.

ATTN: Pat Nemeth

P.O. Box 2393

Princeton, NJ 08543-2393

25b. Please provide the following information for that organization.

26. In addition to the funding you received for providing substance abuse treatment services, did you receive 

any Federal or State funding earmarked for prevention activities during the same 12-month period reported 

in Q.21a, page 8?

~ 1 Yes

~ 2 No

~ -1 Don’t Know

27. Please provide the following information about the person primarily responsible for completing this form.

1. Name: 

2. Telephone Number:(_______) - 

3. FAX Number:(_______) - OR ~ No FAX Number

4. Internet Address: OR ~ No Internet Address

28. When completed, you will be able to access the 1997 National Directory and the 1997 UFDS Data Report on

the World Wide Web via SAMHSA’s home page at www.samhsa.gov. If you would like to receive a paper

copy of the National Directory or the data report, or the National Directory on diskette, please indicate

below.

~ 1 National Directory - paper copy

~ 2 National Directory - diskette (requires minimum of 8 MB RAM and 386 or higher processor)

~ 3 Report of UFDS survey findings - paper copy

Questar Q400707
81

APPENDIX B

ORGANIZATIONAL SETTING

consistent goal of UFDS has been to the facility. Options included general hospital; Aidentify treatment setting, a concept that is

subject to a variety of definitions and interpreta- solo practice; group practice; school; jail, prison,

tions. Definitions of treatment setting generally or juvenile detention center; other criminal

fall into three categories. A treatment setting justice setting; and other setting. Facilities that

may be an organizational setting (e.g., a hospital selected ‘Other setting’ were asked to describe

or mental health center). It may indicate a treat- the facility more specifically, selecting all opment philosophy (e.g., social model or therapeu- tions that applied from a list that included:

tic community). Finally, it may indicate living outpatient substance abuse treatment facility;

arrangements while in treatment (e.g., outpa- community mental health center (CMHC);

tient, residential, halfway house). These differ- community health center; halfway house; theraent definitions are driven by the many different peutic community; other residential substance

needs of data users. For example, treatment abuse treatment facility; community or religious

setting may be used by payers to set rates, by organization/agency providing a variety of social

treatment professionals to determine levels of services; and other setting. This multiple listing,

care, or by planners to determine system needs. in conjunction with the counts of clients in

UFDS planners have tried to incorporate data permit flexibility in the definition and analysis

elements that permit analysis of treatment set- of treatment setting.

ting from different viewpoints. These data

elements have changed as the questionnaire The definition of treatment setting used in this

evolved over time. In general, prior to 1995, report corresponds to that of organizational

organizational setting was collected in a single setting. To present facility and client data by

environment/location/setting question. Treat- organizational setting, it was necessary to assign

ment philosophy and client living arrangement each facility to a single setting category. Categowere collected in client census matrices, which ries for the first question part of the setting

cross-tabulated modality/type of care with envi- question (where only one category could be

ronment/facility location. In 1995, the client checked) were essentially unchanged, although

census matrices were simplified to reduce the some were combined:

reporting burden, and the environment/setting/

location question was expanded to recapture ! General hospital (including VA hospitals

information lost from the matrices. that checked ‘Other specialized hospitals’)

In the 1997 UFDS survey, treatment setting was hospitals

collected in two related questions (Questions 6 ! Solo and group practices 

and 6a; see Appendix A). Respondents were ! Criminal justice (jail, prison, juvenile detenasked to select which one setting best described tion, and other criminal justice settings)

psychiatric hospital; other specialized hospital;

treatment by type of care, was designed to

! Psychiatric and other (non-VA) specialized
82

Categories for the second part of the setting Facilities indicating more than one larger affiliaquestion, where multiple responses were permit- tion (such as both CMHC and community health

ted, were determined first on the basis of whe- center) were classified as Mixed/Unknown. This

ther a larger organizational affiliation was category also included the few facilities that

indicated. Thus facilities indicating that they indicated that they were schools in the first

were set in a community mental health center, question. 

community health center, or community or

religious agency/organization were categorized Appendix Table 1 provides counts of the multias such. Facilities not indicating such an affilia- ple responses, and indicates the category to

tion were classified as Specialty substance abuse which facilities were assigned for this report.

treatment facilities. These were further subdivided according to client living arrangement

(outpatient, residential, or mixed outpatient and

residential). Categories for the second question

were:

! Community mental health center or other

mental health facility

! Community health center

! Community or religious agency/organization

! Specialty substance abuse treatment facility

C Outpatient

C Residential (halfway house, therapeutic

community, other residential substance

abuse treatment facility)

C Mixed outpatient and residential
Questionnaire response Outpatient

Community mental health center or other mental 

health facility that provides a variety of services

Community health center, including Migrant 

Health Center, Urban Indian Program, Health 

Care for the Homeless Center

Community or religious organization/agency that 

provides a variety of social services

Outpatient substance treatment facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Halfway house ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Therapeutic community ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Other residential substance abuse treatment 

facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

No. of facilities 2,523 709 262 180 140 70 45 39 279 104 91 87 55 28 10

Community mental health center or other mental 

health facility that provides a variety of services ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Community health center, including Migrant 

Health Center, Urban Indian Program, Health 

Care for the Homeless Center

Community or religious organization/agency that 

provides a variety of social services

Outpatient substance treatment facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Halfway house ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Therapeutic community ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Other residential substance abuse treatment 

facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

No. of facilities 995 428 71 34 29 22 19 11 10 10 6 4 3 2 2

83

Outpatient & residential

Questionnaire response Organizational setting assigned: Community mental health center/Other mental health facility

Appendix Table 1

Organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

Organizational setting assigned: Specialty substance abuse treatment

Residential (incl. halfway house, therapeutic 

community)

Page 1 of 3
Community mental health center or other mental 

health facility that provides a variety of services

Community health center, including Migrant 

Health Center, Urban Indian Program, Health 

Care for the Homeless Center

Community or religious organization/agency that 

provides a variety of social services ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Outpatient substance treatment facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Halfway house ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Therapeutic community ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Other residential substance abuse treatment 

facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

No. of facilities 210 72 41 26 22 14 14 14 13 7 6 5 3 2 2 2

Questionnaire response

Community mental health center or other mental 

health facility that provides a variety of services ● ● ● ●

Community health center, including Migrant 

Health Center, Urban Indian Program, Health 

Care for the Homeless Center ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Community or religious organization/agency that 

provides a variety of social services ● ● ● ●

Outpatient substance treatment facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Halfway house ● ● ●

Therapeutic community ● ● ● ● ● ●

Other residential substance abuse treatment 

facility ● ● ● ● ●

No. of facilities 45 39 5 4 3 3 1 1 1 1 129 100 43 18 14 14

Appendix Table 1

Organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

84

Questionnaire response Organizational setting assigned: Community or religious agency/organization

Organizational setting assigned: Community health center Organizational setting assigned:

Multiple or unknown settings

Page 2 of 3
Community mental health center or other mental 

health facility that provides a variety of services ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Community health center, including Migrant 

Health Center, Urban Indian Program, Health 

Care for the Homeless Center ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Community or religious organization/agency that 

provides a variety of social services ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Outpatient substance treatment facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Halfway house ● ● ●

Therapeutic community ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Other residential substance abuse treatment 

facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

No. of facilities 9 8 6 6 6 5 5 5 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Community mental health center or other mental 

health facility that provides a variety of services ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Community health center, including Migrant 

Health Center, Urban Indian Program, Health 

Care for the Homeless Center ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Community or religious organization/agency that 

provides a variety of social services ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Outpatient substance treatment facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Halfway house ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Therapeutic community ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Other residential substance abuse treatment 

facility ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

No. of facilities 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Appendix Table 1

Organizational setting: October 1, 1997 

85

Questionnaire response Organizational setting assigned: Multiple or unknown settings (cont.)

Questionnaire response Organizational setting assigned: Multiple or unknown settings (cont.)

SOURCE: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) survey, October 1, 1997.

Page 3 of 3
86
87

APPENDIX C

REVENUE IMPUTATION METHODOLOGY

n the 1997 UFDS survey, 18 percent of facili- missing the target variable are then imputed with Ities did not provide revenue data. For these

facilities, missing revenue was imputed using are drawn from that regression function value

the program PROC IMPUTE, a regression- subset and from an adjacent subset. They are

1

based distributional estimation procedure. An weighted with probability proportional to the

evaluation of imputation procedures used in the distribution of reported values for that variable

1995 and 1996 UFDS indicated that, in a simu- within the two subsets. The weighted average

lation study, PROC IMPUTE performed better value is rounded to an integer if the integer flag

than the random within-class hot-deck proce- is set for the target variable. The basic assumpdure. tion of this algorithm is that within these homo- 2

PROC IMPUTE assumes that relations among have the same target value distribution as the

variables are constant for both observed and cases with reported values on the target variable.

missing cases. It considers each variable on the

file in turn as a target variable whose missing A limitation of PROC IMPUTE is that it is not

values are to be filled in. The procedure uses robust to extreme outliers. Steps were taken to

information on other variables to minimize the identify and exclude from the process any

error in imputing each target variable. For each records with extreme values reported for revetarget variable, regression analysis is used to nue.

find the best combination of predictors. Once

the regression models are constructed and regression values are computed for all cases (both

observed and missing cases), PROC IMPUTE The total revenue value for each facility (Q21)

partitions the range of regression values into was compared to the sum of the revenue from

subsets. All cases in a given subset that are each of its various funding sources (Q22). If the

weighted averages of two values. These values

geneous subsets, the missing value cases will

Editing/Manual Imputation of Total Revenue

reported total revenue was less than this sum, it

was changed to equal the sum. If the reported

total revenue was greater than the sum of the

revenue from the funding sources, the difference

was computed and entered as revenue source

Unknown. 

Revenue was imputed for facilities where a

value was missing (either because the respondent didn’t know or refused to answer) or total

revenue was reported as over $1 billion. 

 American Institutes for Research (1980). Guidebook for 1

imputation of missing data. Statistical Analysis Group in

Education for the National Center for Education

Statistics, Palo Alto CA.

 Salvucci S, Hu M, Ghosh D, Hurley P (1998). Review of 2

Item Response Rates and Imputation Procedures in the

1995 and 1996 Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS)

Survey. Unpublished report prepared for the Office of

Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health

Services Administration, Rockville MD.
88

Of the 10,860 treatment facilities, 8,564 reported information reported in 1995 and 1996. Records

a revenue value, 300 indicated that their revenue that were inconsistent with prior years were

was included in that reported by another facility, checked for data entry errors against the original

and 1,996 facilities had missing revenue values. questionnaire. Errors were corrected if found,

Of the 8,564 facilities reporting a revenue value, there had been no such error. 

582 indicated that the revenue reported included

revenue for other facilities (Q24). Responses for

these 582 were examined for two types of inconsistencies: A range of items in the 1997 UFDS was exam-

! A facility reported that its revenue included used as predictor variables in the imputation

revenue for other facilities, but was missing procedure. Three survey questions were selected

a revenue amount. For these facilities, reve- because they had the strongest correlations with

nue reported in the 1995 and 1996 UFDS the total revenue item and/or the amount of

was examined. In all such cases, the facility missing revenue data differed across the levels

had not reported for others in either 1995 or of these items. Responses to the questions were

1996, and its response for Q24 was changed. recoded as 20 variables (Appendix Table 2) to

Its total revenue was set to the average of the meet the structural input data requirements of

revenue values reported in 1995 and 1996. PROC IMPUTE. Results also identified State as

! A facility reported that its revenue included

revenue for other facilities, and reported a

revenue amount. The records of each of the

facilities reported for (Q24a) were exam- Missing revenue values for 1,996 facilities were

ined. If any of these facilities had reported imputed separately for each State using PROC

revenue, the revenue of that facility was set IMPUTE. Two groups of facilities were exto a special missing code. This was done to cluded as independent variables in the imputaavoid double counting of revenue and to tion process: 

indicate that revenue should not be imputed.

The final editing step was to identify facilities revenue reported included revenue for other

with revenue values that would be considered facilities; and

outliers. These included: ! the 29 additional facilities that were con-

 sidered to have outlying revenue values. 

! facilities where the ratio of revenue to number of clients was exceptionally high or low; A new variable was created in the database that

! facilities not reporting for others that re- contains the imputed and reported revenue

ported more than $9 million in revenue; and values for all treatment facilities. An imputation

! facilities that represented outliers in their flag variable for this variable was also created.

State.

Revenue and client information for each of these

facilities was compared to its revenue and client

and the facility was considered as an outlier if

Auxiliary Variables

ined to determine the best subset of items to be

a stratifying variable.

Overview of Imputation Procedure

! the 582 facilities that indicated that the
89

Appendix Table 2

Auxiliary items used in imputation

of total revenue

Question Variable

2 Private for-profit facility

2 Private non-profit facility

2 State government-owned facility

2 Local government-owned facility

2 Tribal government-owned facility

2 Federal government-owned facility

4 Prevention services

4 Other non-treatment services

4 Administrative services

12 No. of hospital inpatient clients (detox)

12 No. of hospital inpatient clients (rehab)

12 No. of residential clients (detox)

12 No. of residential clients (rehab)

12 No. of outpatient clients

12 No. of intensive outpatient clients

12 Total number of clients in treatment

12 Presence/absence of inpatient clients only 

12 Presence/absence of residential clients only 

12 Presence/absence of outpatient clients only 

12 Presence of clients in 2 or more types of care

Profile of Imputation Results

A comparison was made of the mean revenue

before and after imputation in order to make

sure that no drastic differences resulted from the

imputation process. The percent difference

between the mean revenue before imputation

and the mean revenue after imputation for all

treatment facilities in the United States was

three percent. All State-level differences were

less than 10 percent.

Facilities that reported revenue for other facilities as well as themselves were more likely to

report higher mean revenues than facilities that

reported only for themselves. Therefore, mean

revenue was compared separately for these two

types of facilities. The difference between the

pre- and post-imputation mean revenue for

treatment facilities that reported only for themselves was 2 percent. All State-level differences

were 9 percent or less.

Pre- and post-imputation revenue distributions

across groups of facilities with different types of

clients, ownership, numbers of clients, and types

of services was compared to ensure that these

distributions were not distorted as a result of the

imputations. Results confirmed that no distortions occurred.