# Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W., Seattle, Washington 98119

February 17, 2016
U.S. Dept. of Transportation Docket Management Systems 1200 New Jersey, Avenue, SE West Building Ground Floor, Room W 12-140 Washington, DC 20590-0001 SUBJECT: Petition for Section 333 Exemption of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 I, Tim Baker, on behalf of Dravus Aviation, LLC, hereby petition the FAA for a Section 333 exemption from various sections of 49 USC of Federal Aviation Regulations. Pursuant to Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012, Public Law 112-95, and 14 C.F.R. Part 11, we request certain exemptions in order to perform aerial photography and videography using a small unmanned aerial vehicle, the DJI Phantom 3 Professional. Respectfully, 

# Tim Baker Tim Baker Owner Dravus Aviation, LLC 

### Applicant: Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W. Seattle, Washington 98119

# Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W., Seattle, Washington 98119
OVERVIEW : I, Tim Baker, on behalf of Dravus Aviation, LLC, hereby petition the FAA for a Section 333 exemption from various sections of 49 USC of Federal Aviation Regulations. Dravus Aviation, LLC is a general photography and videography company and is committed to responsibly, professionally, and safely operating an unmanned aerial vehicle for the purpose of aerial photography and videography. An example of our commitment to operate a UAV safely is our thorough pre and post flight protocols that we closely adhere to on every mission. I possess a private pilot license (#456158379) and will be the Pilot in Charge (PIC) of our UAV. I am also an experienced UAV operator. In addition, I am a member of UAVUS, a national association of professional UAV operators that adheres to a strict Code of Conduct and best practices that places public safety first above all other considerations. We are extremely sensitive and aware of the importance of safety and privacy, especially as it relates to UAVs. we believe safety is the first and overriding priority in regards to operating a UAV. Additionally, I would not operate a UAV in a manner as to invade the privacy of anyone unaware of our flight intentions.

GEOGRAPHIC AREA OF OPERATION : Our primary area of operation will be Puget Sound, Washington. Our missions will take place in both urban and rural settings. Each flight will be conducted with the full permission and under the supervision of the land or property owner. Typically, each flight will be limited to 200-feet AGL, since the purpose of our operations is to capture low and slow photographic and video imagery. As a licensed private pilot, I am experienced, knowledgable, and familiar with air traffic control operations at the local airports in the region. When necessary, we will notify and seek approval of airport authorities as required by FAA regulations.

# Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W., Seattle, Washington 98119
UAV INFORMATION AND SPECIFICATIONS: The DJI Phantom 3 Professional is a lightweight, battery-operated, four-motor rotorcraft in the form of a quadcopter that takes off and lands vertically. The DJI Phantom 3 Professional weighs 2.8 lb. The DJI Phantom 3 Professional includes the following safety features:

• An on-board flight computer with GPS navigation and location ability that receives signals for flight controls from a ground-based transmitter/controller;

• An on-board camera capable of capturing imagery in the form of full color, high definition still photos and video;

• An on-board telemetry system that delivers flight data from the on-board flight computer to the on-board radio transmitter including altitude AGL, horizontal and vertical speed, compass direction of flight and direction back to its launch site;

• A onboard radio transmitter (2.4 GHz) that transmits live video from the onboard camera plus all the flight data from the telemetry system described above. GROUND SYSTEM:

• A Pilot in Charge (PIC), myself, in operational control of a flight operation from beginning to end and who controls the UAV while in flight;

• A Visual Observer (VO) that provides a second pair of eyes to visually track the UAV while in flight;

• A radio transmitter/controller operated by myself to control the UAV while in flight;

• A monitor that receives live video and flight data from the UAV while in flight.

PRE-FLIGHT CHECKLIST:

• When required, notify the appropriate FAA facility of our launch schedule and location.

• Survey the area of operation for hazards - trees, utility poles and other obstacles that might compromise the flight, then make a judgment as to whether to proceed.

• Check the weather for wind speed, cloud cover and any forecast changes that might adversely affect flight safety and performance.

• Examine the aircraft, looking at connections and searching for cracks and loose parts.

• Determine that the electronic elements are performing correctly.

• Determine that the barometric altimeter reflects approximately 0 feet AGL.

• Following takeoff, I will hover at an altitude of approximately 10 feet to assure that the home return point is established.

# Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W., Seattle, Washington 98119

• Exercise all controls to confirm their functionality
- if one of the controls is not functioning, the mission will be terminated immediately.

• Operate with a Visual Observer (VO) alongside myself who will double-check for possible flight hazards. The VO will provide a second pair of eyes to assist me in keeping the UAV within Visual Line of Sight (VLOS). The VO will also assist in any emergency maneuvers due to unanticipated events that require a quick landing. SAFETY AND PRIVACY PROTOCOLS:

• Will not fly over dense traffic or crowds.

• Will give right-of-way to any manned aircraft.

• Will stay clear of FAA controlled airspace at airports (generally a five nautical mile radius), as well as restricted and prohibited zones.

• Will not operate above 400' AGL and no further than 1000' from the home point, recognizing that the primary responsibility is to safely keep the aircraft within VLOS.

• Will perform a post-flight check of the UAV to determine its physical and electronic condition.

• Gain express permission to fly above any and all property within flight plan.

• Follow a preflight checklist confirming battery charge, propeller connection, motor function, etc.

• Calibrate compass before each flight.

• Never fly in high wind or threat of precipitation.

• Set maximum height and radius flight limits in intelligent controller if possible

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• Use low battery warning audible alarms from the controller to return to home, and land well before battery capacity falls below 30 percent.

EXEMPTION REQUEST: We respectfully request exemption from the following regulations with which we cannot fully comply: 14CFR Part 21 Airworthiness Certification Summary: Subpart H "prescribes the procedural requirements for issuing and changing design approval, production approval, airworthiness certificates and airworthiness approval."

# Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W., Seattle, Washington 98119 Response: "The Secretary of Transportation has determined that this aircraft meets the conditions of Section 333. Therefore, the FAA finds that the requested relief from 14 CFR part 21, and any associated noise certification and testing requirements of part 36, is not necessary." Part 61 (a)(b) Parts, General Operating and Flight Rules Summary: (a) Prescribes the requirements for issuing pilot licenses and the privileges and limitations associated with various ratings. Summary: (b) Aeronautical experience means pilot time, flight simulator or flight training device for meeting the appropriate training and flight time requirements for an airman certificate. Response: Organized or commercially available FAA-approved flight training has yet to be achieved by the UAV industry. My sources of training are: the flight instruction manuals from the UAV manufacturer; online videos from the manufacturer as well as videos from users; and most importantly, personal training in a secure location - an open area not subject to traffic and/or uninvolved individuals. Those training flights, which have averaged 15 minutes each, include setup, physical and electronic safety checks; lift off followed by hovering at approximately 10 feet to confirm that the GPS system is functioning properly and has registered its Home Point; a prescribed flight plan to familiarize and then master the fight controls and camera; returning to the launch point and landing. I then conduct a post-flight inspection for any problems, log the location and flight time and then view the video. There are no FAA certified instructors or FAA certified study guides available at this time as the technology continues to develop. We respectfully request an exemption from this rule. § 91.103 (b)(2) Summary: This section deals with the pilot's preparations for flight, in particular runway lengths, takeoff and landing distance information. Response: Since a quadcopter, like a helicopter, takes off and lands vertically, I would not need to know this information since there are no runways involved and the return from flight is the takeoff point. The FAA has determined that "relief is not necessary." § 91.105 Summary: This section deals with flight crew members at stations.

# Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W., Seattle, Washington 98119 Response: Since there are no passengers, pilots or crew members, we respectfully request relief from this regulation. § 91.109 Summary: This sections deals with flight instruction, simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests. Response: These functions are not applicable to a quadcopter flight and, as stated earlier, there are no FAA certified instructors or FAA certified study guides available at this time for quadcopter operation. We respectfully request an exemption from this rule. § 91.119 (a) (b) (c) Summary: This section deals with minimum safe altitude stating that if a power failure occurs, the aircraft has sufficient altitude to conduct an emergency landing without hazard to persons or property (91.119 a). It also sets minimum altitudes over congested areas and uncongested areas as well as has a paragraph on helicopters (91.119 b). It also sets minimum distance (500 feet) from any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure (91.119 c). Response: None of the altitude requirements in this regulation should apply to a UAV since these aircraft are required to fly below those altitudes. The weight, speed and GPS-controlled Return to Home feature of the DJI Phantom 3 Professional mitigates incidents that could occur from loss of signal between the aircraft and myself. A manned aircraft is much heavier and larger than the DJI Phantom 3 Professional. If the DJI Phantom 3 Professional were to malfunction, it carries no humans, no explosive fuel and since it flies primarily over a single piece of private property, any damage would likely be minimal and confined to that area. In addition, access to the property is strictly controlled (warning sign and the clearing of any person on the property not involved in the flight). We respectfully request an exemption from this rule. § 91.121 Summary: This section details altimeter settings required to maintain the “cruising altitude or flight level of that aircraft." It requires that the "elevation of the departure airport" be set in the altimeter or the "current reported altimeter setting of a station along the route and within 100 miles of the aircraft".

# Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W., Seattle, Washington 98119 Response: A UAV cannot comply fully with this section's altitude requirements. The DJI Phantom 3 Professional is equipped with a barometric altimeter which automatically calculates the takeoff altitude (0 AGL) when the aircraft is activated
- the launch point becomes the "elevation of the departure" point. The altitude of the DJI Phantom 3 Professional is visible in the telemetry monitor that I use and is consistently updated as the flight progresses. We respectfully request an exemption from this rule. §91.151 Summary: This section deals with fuel requirements for VFR flights stating, among other things, that "no person may begin a flight in an airplane under VFR condition unless...there is enough fuel to fly to the first point of the intended landing and, “...fly after that for at least 40 minutes (day) and 45 minutes (night)". Response: This regulation deals with 'reserve' fuel. This could include any condition that increases flight time or fuel consumption. Weather would be one factor including wind, turbulence and the necessity to divert around threatening thunderstorms. Compliance with this regulation is not possible because the 'fuel" onboard the DJI Phantom 3 Professional is not aviation gas but a DC battery with a maximum flight duration of 23 minutes. Fuel management of a UAV requires constant monitoring of the battery's state-of-charge and bringing it home before it reaches the manufacturer’s recommended 30-percent level. We respectfully request an exemption from this rule. § 91.405 Summary: This section deals with aircraft maintenance including regular inspection, the keeping of appropriate maintenance records and replacement of inoperable instruments. Response: Maintenance on the DJI Phantom 3 Professional is straight forward. If, in landing, a rotor blade or two are damaged, they are quickly replaced. The traditional instrument cluster in an aircraft is replaced by a data stream from the UAV, visible in the control monitor. Replacement of minor parts are performed by myself as the PIC, and a major 'overhaul' that can’t be easily resolved will go back to the manufacturer for repair. Currently, there are no required inspections by 'authorized' maintenance personnel and there would be no space/room on board to install a placard of inoperability. I respectfully request an exemption from this rule. § 91.407 Summary/Response: This section addresses requirements after maintenance has been performed. Again, approval of the maintenance before flight is essentially in the hands of myself.

# Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W., Seattle, Washington 98119 

### All maintenance performed will be entered in the aircraft log, unless a separate maintenance log is required. Paragraph (b) restricts a pilot from carrying passengers or crew members, if the flight characteristics have been substantially affected before a rated pilot performs an operational check of the maintenance. It my responsibility as the PIC to perform a preflight inspection of the DJI Phantom 3 Professional and determine its flyability. And, as mentioned earlier, there is no pilot, crew members or passengers on board the DJI Phantom 3 Professional. We respectfully request an exemption from this rule. § 91.409 Inspections: This section deals with the necessity of annual and 100-hour inspections or "progressive inspections" and approval by authorized persons which will lead to the "issuance of an airworthiness certificate." Response: As stated earlier, there are no FAA approved inspection protocols nor authorized inspection personnel. I handle those issues, as the PIC, each time the UAV is prepared for flight. The pre-flight check list enumerated earlier will be followed to determine its mechanical and electronic integrity. We respectfully request an exemption from this rule. § 91.417 Maintenance Records: This section requires a maintenance record be kept on repair, replacement, and condition of vital parts (rotors, engines & airframe). Certain records must be retained for one year while other records must be kept with the aircraft even when sold to another part. Response: The details of this section would be impractical with the DJI Phantom 3 Professional, but repair issues can and will be entered into the aircraft log. We respectfully request an exemption from this rule. § 91. 7 Summary/Response: Dravus Aviation, LLC requests an exemption from the civil aircraft worthiness requirement under 91.7(a). Section 333 permits the FAA to exempt aircraft from the requirements of an airworthiness certificate upon consideration of the size, weight, speed, operational capability, and proximity to airports and populated areas of the identified UAV, and the FAA has determined that such certificates are not necessary for a UAV. Without such a certificate, Dravus Aviation, LLC will be unable to comply with § 91.7(a). However, the FAA “has determined that for the purposes of this exemption the pilot may determine the aircraft is in an airworthy condition prior to flight.

# Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W., Seattle, Washington 98119 The FAA’s regulations state that the PIC of a civil aircraft is responsible for determining whether the aircraft is in a condition for safe flight.” (See previously granted exemption no. 11213) The above requests for exemptions follow the guidance published by the FAA.

COMMUNITY BENEFIT: First and foremost is the level of safety offered by the use of a small UAV in comparison to a manned fixed wing or rotorcraft. Weighing less than three pounds with camera and battery, the DJI Phantom 3 Professional is incapable of causing the level of damage or injury caused by a full-size, manned aircraft. Additionally, the ecologic and noise impact is negligible as comparedto traditional manned aircraft. Economically, small unmanned aerial vehicles are the most costeffective solution for aerial photography and videography; making aerial videography more affordable for the businesses we serve. Respectfully, 

# Tim Baker Tim Baker Owner Dravus Aviation, LLC 

### Applicant: Dravus Aviation, LLC 2148 6th Avenue W. Seattle, Washington 98119