NBSIR 73-224 (A)

Criteria for Testing Laboratories

for l^anufactured Building

One and Two Family Dwelling Systems and Components

J. 0. Bryson, A. A. Camacho, F. M. Gavan,

J. L. Heldenbrand, M. A. Robinson, B. M. Vogel

Project LEAP

Office of Building Standards and Codes Services

Center for Building Technology, lAT

National Bureau of Standards

Washington, D. C. 20234

November 1972

Preliminary Report

Prepared for National Conference of States on Building Codes and Standards

NBSIR 73-224

CRITERIA FOR TESTING LABORATORIES

FOR MANUFACTURED BUILDING

One and Two Family Dwelling Systems and Components

J. 0. Bryson, A. A. Camacho, F. M. Gavan,

J. L. Heldenbrand, M. A. Robinson, B. M. Vogel

Project LEAP

Office of Building Standards and Codes Services

Center for Building Technology, lAT

National Bureau of Standards

Washington, D. C. 20234

November 1972

Preliminary Report

This report is to be superseded by a future publication which will receive general distribution and should be cited as a reference.

Please consult the NBS Office of Technical Information and

Publications to obtain the paper citation.

Prepared for National Conference of States on Build'ing Codes and Standards

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Frederick B. Dent, Secretary

IMATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Richard W. Roberts, Director

FOREWORD

Within the last decade, the emphasis has been changing in

the nousing industry from traditional stick-built construction

to industrialized construction. To assure that industrialized

housing units comply with the rules and regulations of the

jurisdiction in which they will eventually be erected, an approval system must be established so that the units will be

inspected during manufacture for compliance with these rules

and regulations. This approval system is predicated on three

specific certification functions: (1) design review and evaluation; (2) component and system testing; and (3) inspection for

compliance during the production process. These certification

functions are generally referred to as:

(1) EngineeringAnalysis

( 2 ) Tes t i n

g

(3) Compliance Assurance

For traditional stick-built construction at the site, the

local building officials carry out these certification functions

However for industrialized construction, the local building

official is faced with the problem of inspecting manufactured

building during fabrication located in other jurisdictions, in

some cases great distances away. In view of this and other

associated problems, building officials have come together and

decided that the best system to establish for the approval of

industrialized building is one involving the used of qualified

agencies or laboratories, public or private, to perform certification functions acceptable to all responsible parties concerned. Qualified agencies or laboratories will be identified

by examining applicants against standard criteria.

The Center for Building Technology, NBS, nas been asked

to develop this criteria and the examination methodology for

each of the three "certification function categories."

This report describes criteria for testing laboratories

and is based on requirements of the North Carolina Procedures

and Regulations for Mobile Homes, Modular Dwelling Units and

other Factory Built Structures - 1970 Edition, and the American

National Standards Institute Standard for Mobile Homes, ANSI

A119.1 - 1969.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

PART I GENERAL INFORMATION . .. ., 1

Introduction ...... . . . . . ^ . ... 2

Definitions ............ 3

Personnel . . . ; 6

PART II CALIBRATION PLAN . . . . , .i; . : , . ..... 7

Introducti on , 8

1. Instrument Inventory ..... 8

2. Standards Inventory ....... 9

.2.1 Records 9

" ' 2.2 Traceability 9

2.3 Laboratory Wo'rking Standard ..... 9 - :\ . 2.4 Proof . . . . . . 9

3. Procedures ..... .

' . . . .\ . ... . . 10

' Environment . . . . . . .10

5. Procedure Check . . .10

, , 6. Instrument Labels . , , . 10

'

. 6.1 Visibility . . . . . . ,,, . . . ... 10

, . 6.2 Interval .10

7. Calibration Records . . . . . n

PART III CRITERIA, BY BUILDING SYSTEMS DISCIPLINES ... 12

STRUCTURES

1. Stipulated Tests 13

1.1 Test of Roof Rafters or Trusses . . . 1I+

' 1.2 Flooring Tes t lU

ii
2 . Impl i ed Tests 15

2.1 Wall Test 16

2.2 All Structural Assembly 18

2.3 Exterior Joints 19

3 . Summa ry 21

3.1 Equi pment 21

3.2 Instrumentation 21

3.3 Facilities 21

3.4 Personnel 22

HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR CONDITIONING

(HVAC)

1 . Stipulated Tests 23

1 . 1 Stati c Leak Test - Gas Piping System 23

1 .2 Bubble Leak Test - Appliance Connection 25

1 .3 Wet Leak Test - Oil Tank and Piping System 26

1 .4 Supply Duct Leaks 26

2. Stipulated Tests or Inspections 2?

2.1 Gas Pipe Sizing 2?

3 . Impl i ed Tes ts 28

3.1 Regulated Gas Pressure 28

3.2 Sizing of Ducts 29

3.3 Partition Loading 31

4. Implied Tests, Inspections, or Analysis . 31

4.1 LPG Container Restraint 32

4.2 Heat Loss 33

iii
5 . Summa ry 33

5.1 Equi pment 33

5.2 Instrumentation 3^

5.3 Faci 1 i ti es . . ....... ... . . .38

5.4 Personnel , 39

FIRE SAFETY

1 . Sti pul ated Test hi

1.1 The Tunnel Test - ASTM E 84-67 hi

2. Impl i ed Tests ^3

ELECTRICAL

T. Stipulated Test . . . . . \^ . hk

1.1 Dielectric Strength Test . . . . . . . hh

2. 'Implied Test ^5

2.1 Continuity of System Ground ^+5

3. Summary h6

3.1 Equi pment h6

3.2 Instrumentation hf

3.3 Faci 1 i ti es . .

3.4 Personnel ^8

PLUMBING

1 . Sti pul ated Tests ^9

1 . 1 Water System Test hg

1.2 Drainage and Vent System Water Test . 50

1.3 Drainage and Vent System Air Test . . 51

1.4 Fl oor Level Test 51

1 .5 Fixture Test 52

iv
1.6 Shower Stall Test 53

1 . 7 Freeze Tes t

2 . Summary 55

2.1 Equi pmen t 55

2.2 Instrumentation 55

2.3 Facilities 56

2.4 Pers onnel 56

PART IV LABORATORY ORGANIZATION 57

General 58

APPENDIX - SI CONVERSION UNITS 59

V
LIST OF TABLES

Page

TABLE S-1 - Structural Tests 22a .

TABLE H-1 - HVAC Stipulated Tests . . ^Oa *

TABLE H-2 - HVAC Stipulated Tests or Inspections .... ^OTd

TABLE H-3 - HVAC Implied Tests ^Oc

TABLE H-4 - HVAC Implied Tests or Analysis hOe

TABLE F-1 - Fire--The Tunnel Test . ^3a

TABLE E-1 - Electrical Tests ^8a

TABLE P-1 - Plumbing Tests 56a

!

vi
PART I GENERAL INFORMATION

1
INTRODUCTION

The scope of the criteria for laboratory evaluation developed in this study is limited to those technical resources of

testing laboratories needed to perform certain tests. This report

(1) identifies certain physical tests, both stipulated and

implied, that are indicated in the North Carolina Procedures

and Regulations for Mobile Homes, Modular Dwelling Units and

Other Factory Built Structures - 1970 Edition, and the American

National Standards Institute Standard for Mobile Homes, ANSI

An 9. 1 -1 969 , and (2) presents and explains the criteria by which

testing laboratories can be judged for their capability to

perform these identified tests.

The implied tests are those tests that are not specifically spelled out but are indicated in performance specification statements or statements of design requirements and the

like.

This report is divided into four parts: General

Information; Calibration Plan; Criteria by Building Systems

Disciplines; and Laboratory Organization.

Part I General Information gives the scope of this

report and provides definitions pertinent to factory built

housing, building code terminology and the like. In addition

it contains certain general requirements for personnel.

These personnel requirements are supplemented where necessary

in Part III under the particular building systems disciplines.

Part II Calibration Plan provides the essential elements

of a calibration plan needed in order to assure and maintain

the accuracy of all test instrumentation and laboratory

s tanda rds .

Part III Criteria by Building Systems Disciplines

relates to the technical requirements for the evaluation of

a testing laboratory with respect to the various building systems disciplines to be evaluated such as, Structures, Heating

Ventilating and Air Conditioning, Fire Safety, Electrical and

Plumbing. Each discipline category is written as a complete

entity, identifying those requirements needed by a laboratory

for it to have the capability to perform the required testing.

These requirements are related to Equipment, Instrumentation,

Facilities, and Personnel. At the end of each discipline category a table is presented which lists the tests identified in

the referenced standards. In addition the table lists the

Standard Reference, Objective, Test Personnel Required, Test

Instrumentation, Fixtures and Appliances Required, and Procedure.

2
Part IV Laboratory Management sets forth some generalized statements about the organization of a testing laboratory

conducive to its proper and continuing operation.

DEFINITIONS

The definitions set forth hereinafter, are stipulated

primarily for the purpose of providing uniformity in the

statement of criteria for the various disciplines.

Accredi ted - Sanctioned by the building official or other

author ity having jurisdiction.

Ana 1y s i s - Investigation; study; identification of constituents (i.e. related to conclusions drawn

principally through study or computation).

Analysis Agency - An organization that investigates and/

or evaluates building materials, components or assemblies through study and/or

computat i on

Approved - See "accredited".

Building - A roofed structure for the shelter, support,

or enclosure of persons, animals, chattels,

or moveable property of any kind.

Cert i f i cati on - The issuance of a legal-type of document

(with liability to the certifier) stating

that the goods referred to by the certificate possess the qualities stated in the

cert i f i cate

Competence - Requisite abilities or qualities, including

such job-oriented requirements as training,

experience, initiative, amount of supervision

needed, team work, and communications skills.

Component - Any sub-system or sub-assembly designed for

use as a part of a system.

Cri te ri on - A standard on which a judgment or decision is

based

Dwelling Unit - One or more habitable rooms which are

occupied or which are intended or designed

to be occupied by one family with facilities for living, sleeping, cooking, and

eating.

3
Facilities - The physical plant required to house and protect the laboratories, occupants, test equipment and instrumentation, and records against

the elements and to provide a working area

for such testing.

Factory Built Housing - A general term indicating the

fabrication of housing modules or

components in a factory through

industrialized manufacturing

methods; also, industrialized

^ housing and manufactured housing.

Industrialized Building - A building assembly or system of

building subassemblies, including

the necessary electrical, plumb-

. ' ing, heating, ventilating and

other service systems, manufac-

; ^ tured in its entirety, or in sub-

' s t an ti a 1 part, and transported

•

•

, . to the point of use for installation or erection, with or without

- other specified components, as a finished building unit, and not v . designed for ready removal to, or

. p; :.; installation or erection on another

>••' r^'-j:.,. ;

', . s i te . Inspecti on - Examination of materials or systems for visual,

dimensional and tactile characteristics (i.e.

usually those attributes which are susceptible

to physical measurement). The process of measuring, examining, gaging, or otherwise comparing the article of service with specified

requi rements

.

Inspection Authority - That agency with the legal responsibility for administering and/or

enforcing promulgated laws, codes and

regul at i ons . Label ed - Components and systems of buildings bearing an inspection label of an approved listing agency.

Laboratory Personnel : Engineer (E) - One who has general knowledge of

the basic principles, theories, and

) practice i n a gi ven fi el d of engi

neering such as may be acquired

through completion of a full engineering curriculum leading to a

h

^
bachelor's degree from a accredited

college or university or through

training equivalent in type, scope

and thoroughness

Technician (T) - One who has knowledge of the basic

principles, theories, and practice

in a given field of engineering

such as may be acquired through the

completion of at least two years

of engineering curriculum at an accredited engineering college or

university, or has graduated from

a specialized technical vocational

institute appropriate to his field

or through training equivalent 1n

type, scope and thoroughness.

Ai(A) - One who has demonstrated ability

to read and write the English language and to perform simple arithmatical computations and who performs certain routine laboratory

tasks and procedures under direct

supervision.

Li s ted - Equipment or materials included in a list published by a listing agency that maintains

periodic inspection of current production of

listed equipment or the materials and whose

listing states that either the equipment or

material complies with approved standards or

has been tested and found suitable for use in

a specified manner.

Performance Evaluation - The actual determination of the

desired attributes of a material,

component or system to fulfill

certain specific requirements.

Personnel - Management, administrative, technical, clerical s upport workers

Quality Assurance - A planned and systematic pattern of

all actions necessary for acceptance

and/or rejection of a service, process or product.

Quality Control - A management function whereby control

of quality of raw or produced material

or components is exercised for the purpose of preventing the production of

defect i ve i tems

5
Test - The measurement of physical, chemical or functional characteristics of materials, systems or

components.

Testing Laboratory - As used in this document, is an organization having the technical

resources for performing, interpreting and reporting certain required

physical tests.

PERSONNEL

Personnel considerations are covered in three different

areas, for each of the building disciplines. First, the

criteria for each particular test includes a "Personnel" subheading, giving the personnel requirements needed to conduct

and interpret that specific test. The "Summary" section at

the end of each building discipline also carries a "Personnel"

subheading. A summary is given of the minimum number and

type of personnel needed to conduct all the tests listed for

that building discipline. Thirdly, the tables at the end of

each building discipline tabulate the criteria covered under

the specific tests, providing a quick reference to the level

of competence needed for:

TEST-- Actual ly conducting the test using

prescribed methods and standards

INTERPRETATION--Provi di ng technical supervision, technical interpretation and

consultation in event of non-standard

results; preparing written reports.

In addition to the technical personnel needed to conduct

specific tests, each laboratory shall designate, as laboratory

manager or technical director, an employee having overall

responsibility for the testing and reporting by the laboratory.

The laboratory manager or technical director should have

s ui tabl e training and experience in technical and administrative disciplines. He may or may not be personally involved

in the actual performance of testing.

6
PART II CALIBRATION PLAN

T
INTRODUCTION

This section sets forth requirements for a plan describing the laboratory's procedures for periodic calibration of

test instruments and laboratory standards. Where applicable,

testing machines or equipment may be considered as test

instruments for the purposes of this document.

The calibration plan shall include the following basic

elements, each of which is described in greater detail, below.

1 ) Instrument Inventory List - A list of those test

instruments requiring periodic calibration.

2) Standards Inventory List - A list of the laboratory standards used in the calibration of test

i ns truments

.

3) Procedures - Procedures and required periods for

in-house calibration of test instruments and for calibration of laboratory standards.

4) En vi ronment - Environmental conditions required

for the calibration room.

^ 5) Procedure Check - Procedure for inspections between calibration periods to validate the calibration

plan.

6) Instrument Labels - Procedure for assuring compliance with established calibration schedules and

reflecting the calibration and operational status.

7) Calibration Records - Procedures for recording

the calibration and repair history and for identifying the present calibration and operational status

of individual instruments and laboratory standards.

1 . INSTRUMENT INVENTORY

An inventory of test instruments requiring calibration

shall be maintained. Inventory records shall include:

1) Manufacturer

2) Model number

3) Serial number

4) Operating range

8
5) Calibrated range

6) Calibration procedure reference

7) Effective period of calibration

8) Characteristic sensitivity to specific

environmental elements

9) Characteristic accuracy

10) Data source for (8)

2 . STANDARDS INVENTORY

An inventory list of the laboratory standards used to

calibrate test instruments shall be maintained. If calibration of test instruments is done by an outside agency, the

inventory of laboratory standards shall be maintained by that

agency with a copy furnished to the laboratory.

2.1 RECORDS

The standards inventory records shall include applicable

items listed in Instrument Inventory, Section 1.

2.2 TRACEABILITY

The inventory records shall trace laboratory standards to

the National Bureau of Standards or to natural physical constants or through subcontractor calibration certificates traceable to NBS or to natural physical constants.

2.3 LABORATORY WORKING STANDARD

Under laboratory reference conditions the accuracy of a laboratory working standard shall be at least four times the

required accuracy of the instruments to be calibrated.

2.4 PROOF

The laboratory shall establish written documentation

proving that the laboratory standards together with the accuracy and stability characteristics of each calibrated instrument are adequate to assure attainment of the accuracy

requi remen t

9
3. PROCEDURES

Written procedures shall be provided for the calibration

methods and periods to be used for in-house calibration of

test instruments and for calibration of laboratory standards.

The procedu res . shal 1 be of sufficient detail to assure compliance by laboratory personnel.

4. ENVIRONMENT

Specify the control required of environmental elements

In the instrument calibration facility.

5. PROCEDURE CHECK

A procedure shall be documented for conducting inspections between calibrations for the purpose of checking instrument stability and to provide for any necessary adjustment of

calibration periods.

Calibration periods shall be adjusted as necessitated by

results of the Procedure Checks.

6. INSTRUMENT LABELS

Record forms, such as labels, tags, or placards, and a written procedure for their use shall be provided in order to

assure that required calibration intervals are adhered to and

needed repairs are made.

6J VISIBILITY

The method of labeling shall include readily visible

means of identifying the calibration status of each instrument

and for drawing attention to out-of-cal ibration or malfunctioning i ns truments .

6.2 INTERVAL

The calibrated interval for all operational ranges shall

be prominently displayed on the instrument.

10
7 . CALIBRATION RECORDS

The laboratory shall maintain records on all calibrated

instruments and laboratory standards. The records shall

include:

1) Identification of instrument or standard being

calibrated

2) Property being calibrated (where appropriate)

3) Trace path through reference or transfer standard to NBS or equivalent

4) Reference standard certificates

5) Required accuracy or other requirements

6) Current calibration data, including points or

range

7) Calibration form

8) Calibration data history

9) Repair history

10) Procedure reference (See Procedures, Section 3)

11) Comments (instrument condition, limitations,

di spos i ti on )

11
i

I,

If

PART III CRITERIA, BY BUILDING SYSTEMS DISCIPLINES

12
STRUCTURES

This section covering structures, and structural testing, shall utilize general performance criteria.

The structure of a dwelling unit is the housing framing,

support and attachments that form the total shelter system.

Each item of this total system must be able to perform its

functions with regard to normal contingencies over the life

span of the system.

The raw materials, manufacturing process, installation

and use affect the life of the components and must be accounted

for in the design and structural testing. Minimum code requirements must be met, of course, but all areas of concern

might not be encompassed in a code (legislation and standard).

Professional judgment and expertise is called upon to further

refine and impose tnose additional requirements as seen fit

in order to meet the basic goals of Health and Safety.

In the course of design, certain areas are of particular

concern. These areas are in need of further study to assure

the structural integrity of the system. When the need is

identified, structural testing is required to closely

simulate the actual loading encountered. When, in the opinion

of the certifying authority, it becomes apparent that compliance can only be assured by physical tests, such tests shall

be identified as needed and the capability of the testing

organization shall be sufficient to accomplish these tests.

Generally, a physical testing laboratory shall demonstrate the capability to perform the required tests (Table S-1).

These required tests are classified, in this document, as either stipulated tests or implied tests.

1 . STIPULATED TESTS

Where, in a code, a stipulated test is required the

capability to perform this test shall exist. Methods detailed

or referenced to specific procedures, will be followed for the

purpose of evaluation. In all cases, capability to perform

and interpret is a requisite and shall be fjlly :emor s tra ted .

13
1.1 TEST OF ROOF RAFTERS OR TRUSSES

1.1.1 Equ i pmen

t

The equipment required for loading shall be capable of

exerting a load equivalent to sixty (60) pounds per square foot,

in supported area, in increments of ten (10) pounds per square

foot. These shall also be provided equipment capable of exerting an uplift equivalent to twenty -five (25) pounds per square

foot. All loading devices used shall be capable of applying

said loads within 5% accuracy.

COMMENTARY

Since the simplest forms of loading devices for this test

could be bricks, concrete masonry units, sand bags, and the like,

it is important that these or any other device be calibrated

against a known standard. The most rudimentary equipment will

suffice for conducting this test and as such, no great deal of

sophistication is required.

1.1.2 Instrumentation

The resultant deflections occuring during this test shall

be measured to within 1/16 inch. Mounting provisions and

supporting fixtures shall be of sufficient rigidity so as not

to influence test data.

1,1.3 Facilities

Refer to facilities required for Wall Test.

1.1.4 Personnel

Two Technicians to erect and load the test specimen with

the lead Technician recording the data and an Engineer in

charge, for checking results and interpretation.

1 .2 FLOORING TEST

1.2.1 Equi pment

The equipment used for the application of load shall be

capable of 200 pounds maximum load with a repeat accuracy of 5%

Ik
1.2.2 Instrumentation

A means of measuring resultant deflections shall be

provided. The degree of precision needed shall be graduations of 0.001 inch with a full range of 1 incli with data

recorded to tne nearest 0.01 inch. Mounting plates and support

rods for instrumentation mounting shall be of sufficient rigidity, so as not to influence test data.

1.2.3 Faci 1 i ties

Refer to facilities required for Wall Test.

1.2.4 Personnel

One Technician to load the weight and read and record

th e da t a .

2. IMPLIED TESTS (Table S-1)

The two classes of implied tests are:

1) Design Loads Assurance

Those areas of concern or questionable

analytical approach where the means of

assurance of structural integrity are the

actual test and test data.

2) Application Assurance

Those areas of the actual construction

where in order to assure compliance with

plans and specs, or questionable areas

of Workmanship/Materials, tests and test

data are needed for proof.

A testing agency shall have the capability both for

devising those tests where no standard method exists and for

carrying out the devised test to meet the intent of the cognizant authority ordering such test. In all cases, capability to perform and interpret is a requisite and shall be fully

demons trab 1 e .

15
2.1 WALL TEST (Ref. ASTM E72)

2.1.1 Eg ui pmen

t

The loading equipment shall be capable of operating in

each of three planes so as to produce compressive, transverse

and racking load modes. This equipment shall have a means of

applying the load to the wall with rate selectivity ranging

from 0.03 in/min. to 0.25 in/min. In addition, it shall be

capable of applying loading with 5% accuracy.

COMMENTARY

In order that various configurations and directions of

loading may be accomplished, it is necessary that load applying devices be of sufficient adaptability so as to enable

all combinations with a minimum of required equipment.

Section 3.3 of ASTM E72 suggests that the load rates

vary from 0.03 in/min. for a compressive load on nailed wood

construction to 0.20 in/min. for the racking load test.

2.1.2 Instrumentation

A means of measuring resultant deflections shall be

provided. The degree of precision needed shall be graduations

of 0.001 inches with a full range of 3 inches, with data

recorded to the nearest 0.01 inches. Mounting plates and

support rods for instrumentation mounting shall be of sufficient

rigidity, so as not to influence test da.ta.

COMMENTARY

All instrumentation, whether electronic or mechanical,

should be calibrated against a traceable standard. They

shall be in good working order and of sufficient range, as determined by pretest analysis, so as to include the entire

test data spread.

16
Mounting plates, test stands, instrument racks, etc.,

should never adversely affect the test results. All collected

data should be reasonable, reliable and repeatable.

2.1.3 Faci 1 i ti es

A testing area large enough to handle a full-size specimen, test stands, recording instruments, work stand, etc.,

shall be provided. The minimum size test area should be 150

square feet in order to accommodate a full size test specimen

(wall) which is 8 feet by 8 feet. The geometry of the area

shall provide sufficient clearance around the specimen.

Where temperature is a factor in any test, such temperature in the test area shall be controlled to the degree consistent with the desired test data accuracy.

Where humidity or specimen wetting is a factor in any

test, such control of the humidity or wetting process shall

be consistent with the degree of accuracy sought.

The temperature of the wetting solution shall be 75 ± 5°F (ASTM E72, Sec. 16.3). The temperature of the ambient air

in the test area shall be controlled to 75 ± 5°F (ASTM E72,

Sec. 16.3).

COMMENTARY

In general, testing facilities must take cognizance of

the unique facility requirements of each test. In the above

requirements, a "wetted racking test" requirement has been

detailed to enable the laboratory to have an appreciation for

the types of items that must be provided and demonstrated to

establish their capability to perform as a complete (in any one

test) structural physical testing laboratory.

2.1.4 Personnel

The minimum number of people needed to successfully

accomplish the testing methods as detailed in ASTM E72 is

three (3); two Technicians to accomplish the loading and data

retrieval; and an Engineer, with education and experience in

the field of structures analysis and structural physical testing, to take charge of the test. One of these Technicians

shall have a minimum experience in structures testing of at

17
I least one year under the supervision of an experienced (1 year

or more) person, either Technician or Engineer. This Technician shall be designated the lead Technician.

COMMENTARY

To successfully meet the intent of any standard and

specifically ASTM E72, a practical minimum of personnel experience has been detailed. This minimum, as detailed, should in no way preclude more personnel from being utilized for each

test and in certain cases, less being used. Where fewer personnel are used, certain functions that normally would be

considered technician level effort could be accompl i s hed by the

engineer-in-charge.

Minimum qualifications and detailed position descriptions are as previously presented.

2.2 ALL STRUCTURAL ASSEMBLY (Ref. ASTM E72)

2.2.1 Equi pmen

t

The equipment needed is detailed under the Wall Test

and summarized in Table S-1 . In addition, the approximate

failure point shall be known beforehand as determined by pretest analysis. It is a requirement that safety measures and

adequate protection, both for personnel and equipment, be

provided. The capability must exist and be demonstrated for

ascertaining failure and indicating such for all commonly

used materials and combinations of materials.

COMMENTARY

In order to meet the premise of reliable, reasonable and

repeatable data, prior analysis will assure adequate knowledge

of anticipated failure points. Once approaching this point,

care can be exercised such that the true failure point can be

properly pin-pointed. Certain additional precautions as dictated by State law and/or insurance regulations shall not

preclude the engineer-in-charge from exercising due precaution

and forethought.

18
2.2.2 Instrumentation

In addition to those requirements as stated in Instrumentation Section 3.2, a means of protection against breakage

and/or "over travel" shall exist. Damaged instruments shall

be repaired and recalibrated against a traceable standard or

discarded. No non- cal i b rated instruments shall be used for test

purposes.

COMMENTARY

The use of non-calibrated instruments would be, of their

very nature, not in keeping with the basic laboratory data

premise of "reasonable, reliable and repeatable".

2.2.3 Faci 1 i ti es Refer to Facilities required for Wall Test.

2.2.4 Personnel

Refer to Personnel required for Wall Test.

2.3 EXTERIOR JOINTS (Ref. ASTM B117, B287, B368)

2.3.1 Eq ui pmen

The equipment needed to conduct this test shall be:

1) A suitable chamber which is (a) temperature controlled to 95 ± 2°F and has a fine fog spray; (b) constructed of inert

materials so as not to influence test

results; and (c) of sufficient size

to handle representative samples and sizes.

2) A camera capable of taking indoor color

photograph s .

3) Chemical analysis provisions sufficient so

as to enable identification of corrosion

products .

19
COMMENTARY

This test will be of great value during the prototype

testing of any new or unusual usages of materials not commonly employed in the industrialized housing industry today.

With the advent of different materials, tests such as this

will be needed to further identify the possible long range

maintenance problems that might exist. This test could

also be used to verify commonly employed "rules of thumb"

that exist today.

This test may be run using salt spray for accelerated

life representation of actual conditions encountered in the

field. However, whichever liquid is used, care must be

exercised in interpretation. It is important to recognize

the limitation of accelerated life testing which is; the

results of such testing are a guide to selection of materials

and are not hard data which can be used for analysis.

2.3.2 Instrumentation

None needed.

2.3.3 Faci 1 i ties

Refer to facilities required for Wall Test.

2.3.4 Personnel

The personnel required for this test are:

1) An -Engineer with experience and/or education in

materials, chemical analysis and interpretation of results.

One year of experience in this test with a four year

college engineering degree is sufficient.

2) A Technician with one year of experience in preparing samples and conducting the test.

20
2.4 CHASSIS ASSEMBLY

COMMENTARY

At the present time, dynamic loading of a mobile home

to test for in-transit conditions is beyond the capabilities

of most structural testing laboratories. The analytical

approach toward solution of the design requirement, must be

fulfilled to meet the stated code requirement. (ANSI A119.1-

1969, Sec. 5.3). (This capability will be covered in another

document )

3. SUMMARY

3.1 EQUIPMENT

The minimum equipment required for accomplishment of the

structural testing is that equipment summarized in Table S-1 . It is the intent to assure the basic minimum conformance of

these items when compared to standards as set forth in ASTM

E4, E74, E83, E105, E122, E6, E72 and E73 as applicable. In

general, all equipment shall be in good working order, with

attachments and gages all in readable condition, sufficient so

as to produce reasonable, reliable and repeatable data.

3.2 INSTRUMENTATION

Those means of measuring deflections, loads, reactions,

temperatures, and strains are implied in the broad generic term,

instrumentation.

Calibration of these instruments shall be on a routine

basis against traceable standards with records available for

inspection on frequency of calibration, standard use, etc.

All instrumentation shall be of sufficient precision so as to

produce a data read out accuracy of 5%. (Ref: ASTM Ell?)

(Ref: NBS Special Publication SP250-1968)

3.3 FACILITIES

Where indicated, facilities shall have sufficient structural rigidity so as not to influence test results. All

facilities shall be temperature and humidity controlled, where

21
indicated, so as not to influence test results. For ease in

testing and maintaining quality results, cleanliness and

order shall be of value to the evaluator.

3.3.1 References

A reference library, including all listed references from

Table I, ANSI A119. 1-1969, page 22, should be readily available to the laboratory personnel. In addition, those standard

forms, past analyses, charts and graphs as deemed necessary

shall be included in said reference library.

Provisions shall be made for maintaining this library

current.

3.4 PERSONNEL

The minimum number of personnel required shall be two

(2) individuals. One of these individuals must be an Engineer

versed in structural physical testing, with experience and

education as stated before. The second required individual

shall, as a minimum, be a Technician who through a combination

of training and experience can demonstrate his ability to perform such testing as is his responsibility.

22
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Page 22^
HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC)

This section provides a listing of required HVAC tests,

details where needed for clarification, and criteria for

evaluating the ability of a laboratory to perform the tests

listed. A summary of the detailed criteria is provided at

the end of the section together with additional guide criteria

pertaining to the evaluation of a laboratory's methods of

opera ti on .

The stipulated tests are listed in Table H-1 together

with a summary of basic test objectives, personnel, and equipment resources needed to conduct the test. Table H-2 lists those

stipulated test requirements in which the choice of testing or

inspection is optional. The criteria applied depends on the

option chosen. Only the testing option will be treated in this

documen t

The laboratory must also be capable of performing

i mpl i ed tests, which cover requirements stated in the reference standards, but for which no test procedure or specific

result is stipulated. Implied tests are listed in Table H-3.

Table H-4 lists those implied requirements for which the choice

of testing, inspection or analysis is optional. Again, only

the testing option will be covered here.

1 . STIPULATED TESTS

The remarks which follow are intended to clarify certain

of the test requirements listed in Table H-1, HVAC Stipulated

Tests .

1.1 STATIC LEAK TEST - GAS PIPING SYSTEM

COMMENTARY

Loss of pressure equal to 0.06 inches Hg or greater

shall be cause for rejection. Approximately 0.06 inches Hg

shift in static pressure can be caused by 1°F change in gas

temperature in the piping system. It is therefore necessary

that the gas be in thermal equilibrium with the piping system before the test begins and that the temperature of the

piping system remain essentially constant during the test.

23
1.1.1 Equi pment

A source of compressed gas equal to 6 inches Hg minimum

pressure is needed to perform this test. The gas source can

be an air compressor, a bicycle tire pump, or a high pressure

cylinder of nitrogen, air, etc. (avoid highly oxidizing or

reducing gases) with appropriate regulators, connectors, hose,

and valves. An LPG gas source could also be used with a special regulator.

Thermal equilibrium can be established by waiting for an appropriate period or by introducing the gas charge through a temperature tempering mass stabilized at room temperature

(any substantial mass such as a tank of oil or water will serve).

The compressed gas is passed first through the pressure regulator or other throttling means and thence through a coil of

tubing (suggest 15 ft. copper or stainless tubing, diameter of

1/4 inches or less) submerged in the tank.

1.1.2 Ins trumen tat i on

Inclined mercury manometer 0-10 inches Hg or 0-5 psig,

with scale increments of 0.1 inches Hg or less. Scale readability shall be enhanced by such measures as using 0.01 inch

supplemental scale increments in the area of the reading, or

by carefully aligning the surface of the liquid column with a mark on the scale. Ref. General Instrumentation Criteria,

Secti on 5.2.2(11).

1.1.3 Facilities

During static leak testing of the gas piping system, the

test floor or area shall provide essentially constant temperature; i.e. keep the rate of change of gas temperature in the

piping system under 1°F/10 minutes. Temperature control should

also be provided as necessary to maintain approximate shirtsleeve working conditions (75 ± 15°F).

2k
1.1.4 Personnel

Test -- One Aid, having the equivalent of ten years* of

formal education and two test experiences.**

Interpretati on -- One Technician having the equivalent

of fourteen years of formal education.

1.2 BUBBLE LEAK TEST - APPLIANCE CONNECTIONS

1.2.1 Equi pmen

Thee same compressed gas source and piping connections

as used for the Static Leak Test can be employed for leak

testing of appliance connections. Possibly a finer bleed valve

may be needed for better control of the 10 to 14 inches water

column applied pressure. A supply of soapy water, a brush, an inspection mirror and a lamp complete the equipment

requi rements

1.2.2 Ins t rumen tat i on Water manometer, 0-20 inches water column minimum.

1.2.3 Faci 1 i ties

Test area approximating shirtsleeve working conditions.

1.2.4 Personnel

Test -- One Aid, having the equivalent of ten years of

formal education and one test experience.

That is, an education equivalent to that of a graduate of

the tenth grade. Where the equivalent of some secondary or

college education is indicated in the personnel requirements,

it should include industrial/vocational, pre-engi neeri ng or

science courses.

**

To qualify as a training experience, the test should be

essentially identical to the subject test, include set-up

and tear-down, and be conducted under the immediate and complete supervision of a qualified lead man or work director.

25
Interpretat i on One Technician, having the equivalent

of fourteen years of formal education.

1.3 WET LEAK TEST - OIL TANK & PIPING SYSTEM

COMMENTARY

The surface of oil in the tank shall be adjusted to a height of 8 ± 1/4 feet above the orifice to simulate the maxi

mum probable pressure head with the dwelling located on a slopingsite.

1.3.1 Equi pmen

t

Oil tanks are not furnished as part of the dwelling unit

A suitable pressure head can be applied by connecting an elevated container to the oil line. Equipment needed includes

the container, correct grade of fuel oil, connectors, hose,

adjustable stand, lamp and inspection mirror.

1.3.2 Instrumentation

Twelve-foot steel measuring tape, or equivalent.

1.3.3 Facilities

Test area approximating shirtsleeve working conditions.

1.3.4 Personnel

Tes

t

-- One Aid, having the equivalent of eight years

of formal education and one test experience.

In terpreta ti on -- One Technician, having the equivalent

of fourteen years of education.

1 .4 SUPPLY DUCT LEAKS

1.4.1 Equi pmen

t

Tubing or hose and connectors for static pressure

meas urement

.

26
1.4.2 Ins t rumen tat i on

1) Static pressure pick-up, fabricated per UL 307(b)

1965, Paragraph 289.

2) Inclined water manometer, 0-5 inches water column.

1.4.3 Faci 1 i ties

This test includes the measurement of furnace static

discharge pressure with no heat energy input. The static

pressure is not influenced by relatively small changes in

ambient air temperature. A test space which is temperature

controlled for a shirtsleeve working environment (say 75 ± 15°F) is deemed to be satisfactory for this test if room

temperature drift is less than approximately 5°F during the

period of test.

1.4.4 Personnel

Tes

-- Minumum of one Aid, having the equivalent of

twelve years of formal education and three test experiences.

It may be desirable to have one additional Aid, vyith equivalent of ten years education, to assist in set-up and teardown.

Interpretati on -- One Technician, having the equivalent

of fourteen years of formal education.

2. STIPULATED TESTS OR INSPECTIONS

Remarks in this section are intended to clarify the test

option for specified requirements listed in Table H-2 wherein

the laboratory has the option of either testing or inspection.

2.1 GAS PIPE SIZING

2.1.1 Equi pmen

The connectors and hose necessary to tee off from the gas

supply and appliance connections and to hook up to the inclined

manometer are required. These should be of such design and

physical condition as to minimize opportunity for small leaks.

Relatively small leaks in the connections will cause significant errors in low pressure measurements such as required for

this test.

27
While flexible plastic tubing is often used for hook up

of manometers, slight movement of the tubing does cause fluctuation in gage indication which could be avoided by using the

less flexible types of hoses.

2J.2 Ins trumentati on Inclined manometer, 0-1 inches water column.

2.1.3 Faci 1 i ti es

Test area approximating shirtsleeve working conditions.

2.1.4 Pers onnel

Tes

t

-- One Aid, having the equivalent of twelve years of

formal education and two test experiences.

Interpretation -- One Technician, having the equivalent

of fourteen years of formal education.

3. IMPLIED TESTS

Remarks in this section are intended to clarify the

requirements listed in Table H-3 HVAC Implied Tests.

3.1 REGULATED GAS PRESSURE

COMMENTARY

It is interpreted that the intention of this requirement

is to assure provision of LPG vapor supply pressure, within

the operating ranges of the appliances. The pressure shall

be measured at the gas supply connection, under two different

load conditions; a) with all appliance gas cocks closed, and

b) with all gas appliances simultaneously operating at rated

capacity. Under both conditions the measured pressure shall

be within the range specified on the listing/label for each gas

appliance.

28
3.1.1 Equi pmen

Connectors and hose necessary to hook up the water

manometer

3.1.2 Ins trumentat i on Water manometer, 0-20 inches water column.

3.1.3 Faci 1 i ti es

The test area and inside of the dwelling unit should be

well ventilated to avoid the possibility of accumulating a hazardous quantity of combustible gas. This requirement also

applies to other tests involving the possibility of leaking

LPG or natural gas

3.1.4 Personnel

Tes

-- One Aid having the equivalent of twelve years of

formal education and one test experience.

In terpretat i on -- One Technician having the equivalent of

fourteen years of formal education.

3.2 SIZING OF DUCTS

COMMENTARY

The purpose of this implied test Is to assure adequate

airflow by checking for a satisfactory match between the duct

system and the furnace. Ordinarily this would necessitate

checking the temperature rise across ths furnacej rr.easisring

and adjusting the rate of energy to equal the man sjf act yrer ' s rated input and firing the furnace at rated input untl'

equilibrium temperature is achieved. Howevers the procedure

outlined would entail resources typical of a furnace acceptance

testing laboratory and this is not believed to be the original

intent. In addition, no provision is made for the multi-speed

fans .

It is therefore interpreted that the intent of this

paragraph will be satisfied by operating the furnace at manufacturer's rated input ±5%, (Ref. ANSI 21.47-1968, paragraph

29
2.3.3), until equilibrium is achieved, with the fan adjusted

to the speed (or motor terminal position) specified by the

housing system producer. Attainment of equilibrium is indicated by changes in temperature of flue gas in the vent pipe

of not more than ± 5°F between readings 15 minutes apart (Ref.

ANSI 21.47-1968, paragraph 2.9.2). If no speed setting is

specified by the housing system producer for an application

using a multi-speed fan, the fan shall be set at its maximum

speed for this test.

3.2.1 Equi pment

Assuming that a labeled, forced-air furnace is furnished

as part of the dwelling unit, with or without evaporator coil,

the fixtures needed to perform this implied test are those

required to set up the furnace for operation at rated input

and the connections and hose to hook up the inclined manometer.

3.2.2 Instrumentation

1) Inclined manometer, 0-1 inches water column.

2) Means of measuring energy input -- for gaseous fuels,

a laboratory wet test gas meter, 150 cfh; for oil

vaporizing burners, a calibrated liquid graduate; for

mechani cal -atomi zi ng oil burners, a scale accurate to

0.01 pounds or a burette capable of the same resultant

accuracy; for electric furnaces, a wattmeter capable

of reading up to about 40 KW at 120 and 240 V.

3) Stop watch.

4) Temperature indicating potentiometer or strip chart

recorder.

5) Thermocouple probe for measuring gas temperature in

the vent pipe, fabricated per UL 727-1970,

paragraph 306, Figures 18 and 19 (Ref. also, ANSI

Z96. 1-1970).

6) Static pressure pickup, fabricated per UL 307 (b)-

1965, paragraph 289, or UL 727.

30
3.3 PARTITION LOADING

COMMENTARY

This is an implied test of the structural integrity of

the exposed vertical panel on al cove- i ns tal 1 ed appliances.

Where the furnace panel takes the place of a wall, the panel

must be capable of resisting the horizontal load test for

interior surfaces ( Al 1 9 . 1 - 1 969 , Part I, paragraph 7.3). The

test criteria is -- that structural integrity necessary to

resist permanent set which would be detrimental to function

or appearance.

3.3.1 Equi pment

One method of checking this requirement employs an air

bag filled to 5 psf per applicable portions of ASTM E72,

Transverse Load Test. Where the furnace faces across a hallway, the opposite wall can provide air bag reaction. In

other situations, reaction must be provided by a special test

fixture.

3.3.2 Instrumentation

Pressure gage for air bag, 0-1 inches water column per

ASTM E72 and E4.

3,3.3 Facilities

Test area approximating shirtsleeve working conditions.

3.3.4 Personnel

Test -- One Aid having the equivalent of nine years of

formal education and one test experience.

Interpretation -- One Engineer having the equivalent of

sixteen years of formal education.

4. IMPLIED TESTS, INSPECTIONS, OR ANALYSIS

Remarks in this section are intended to clarify the test

options applicable to the implied requirements listed in

31
Table H-4, wherein the laboratory has the option of either

testing, inspecting or analyzing.

4.1 LPG CONTAINER RESTRAINT

COMMENTARY

The LPG Container Restraint components shall withstand

the stipulated test loads w^^th no degradation in performance

of the restraint function. A load force equal to four times

the filled weight of the container assembly shall be applied

sequentially in each of six directions (i.e. three mutually

perpendi cul ar axes )

.

A test of rotational restraint may also be necessary to

evaluate the effectiveness of the restraint system in preventing detrimental strain on the regulator and tubing connections

In this event, a suitable torque of, say, 25 lb. -ft. should be

applied in each of three planes through the approximate center

of the container. Moment arm should also be measured from the

center of the container.

4.1.1 Equi pment

If the installed clearance permits, testing of the container assembly restraint can be accomplished by using a webbed

harness or shaped compression pad to apply the specified load.

In event of insufficient clearances in the container cabinet,

testing of a mock-up restraint system may be necessary.

A fixture will be necessary to incorporate the webbing

attachment or compression pad, force measuring gage, and means

of applying the force. The 0 to 600 pound force could be

applied by means of a motor driven or manually operated screw

jack, such as an automobile jack.

If it is necessary to test rotational restraint, a couple-applying fixture will be required.

4.1.2 Instrumentation

1) Force measuring gage or equivalent, 0-600 pounds.

2) Force measuring gage, 0-50 pounds.

32
4.1.3 Fad 1 i ti es Test area approximating shirtsleeve working conditions.

4.1.4 Personnel

Tes

-- One Aid having the equivalent of 12 years of

formal education and one test experience.

Interpretation -- One Engineer having the equivalent of

sixteen years of formal education.

4.2 HEAT LOSS

COMMENTARY

ANSI A119. 1-1969. paragraph 1-9.3 and 1-7.5, provides

for either analysis or testing as alternate methods of determining heat loss for the total dwelling and for unit heat

losses of floor, walls and ceiling. However, the wording of

paragraph 1-7.5 indicates that the analysis method was envisioned

as the principal approach. The testing method of evaluation

would involve considerable investment in a large, environmentally controlled test space and associated instrumentation.

This criteria will therefore not include a description of

requirements for determining heat loss by test.

5 . SUMMARY

In this sub-section, a summary of the above criteria is

provided relating to the specific test requirements. Additional guide criteria is given pertaining to a somewhat broader

evaluation of the laboratory's methods of operation.

5.1 EQUIPMENT

5.1.1 Test Equipment

The minimum equipment required to conduct the HVAC tests

includes :

1) Source of compressed gas with restrictions and

bleed valves or other means of controlling the

33
applied pressure from 0 to 5 psig and to 0 - 14

inches water column.

2) Temperature tempering tank.

3) Miscellaneous regulators, connectors, hose and

valves suitable for compressed gas.

4) Soap solution, method of application and means of

inspecting for leaks.

5) Fuel oil of correct grade, container, connectors,

hose and adjustable stand, suitable for fuel oil.

6) Tubing or hose and connectors for manometer hook-up

to duct static pressure and to fuel gas supply and

appliance connections.

7) Air bag (Ref. ASTM E72 Transverse Load Test).

8) Loading harness and/or compression pad (Ref. LPG

Container Restraint).

5.1.2 General Equipment Criteria

Other criteria for evaluating test fixtures and equipment

and practices related to such equipment include:

1. Complete library of instruction books

covering setup and operation of test

equipment, accessible to operating

personnel

.

2. Handbook or placards warning of common

discrepancies or errors in utilizing

test equip me nt.

5.2 INSTRUMENTATION

5.2.1 Test Instrumentation

The minimum instrumentation required to conduct the HVAC

tests i ncl ude

:

1) Inclined mercury manometer, 0-10 inches Hg with

scale increments of 0.1 inches Hg or less plus

means of further enhancing scale readability; or

alternatively, an equivalent calibration in psi.

3k
2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 1

12

13

Water manometer, 0-20 inches water column minimum.

Static pressure pickup.

Inclined water manometer, 0-1 inches water column.

Wet test gas meter, 150 cfh.

Calibrated liquid graduate, 0-10 ml. or equivalent

Balance scale accurate to 0.01 pounds or burette

capable of the same resultant accuracy.

Wattmeter, 120-240 V, approximately 40 KW range.

Stopwatch

Temperature indicating potentiometer or strip

chart recorder.

Thermocouple probe - vent pipe gas temperature.

Force measuring gage, 0-600 pounds, or equivalent.

Force measuring gage, 0-50 pounds, or equivalent.

5.2.2 General Instrumentation Criteria

General criteria for evaluating instruments and instru'

mentation practices include:

1) As a guide, the rate of furnace energy input

should be adjusted to within ± 5% of manufacturer's specified rating. For acceptance

tests, overall experimental error should be

kept within ± 5% of true value*. Attainment

of these objectives will generally require

employment of instruments having an accuracy

of ± 2 to 3% under laboratory reference

conditions.

2) Tangible evidence of procedures for periodic

calibration of those instruments which are

subject to drift with time or usage, against

traceable standards, in accordance with a calibration plan which includes the essential

elements described in Part II of this document.

"True value" is defined here as an accepted reference level

of a property, as employed in ASTM E177.

35
Security and protection of instruments from

unauthorized uses as required to assure integrity of the calibration plan.

Ease of obtaining timely repair of malfunctioning instruments, e.g. blown or dirty manometers,

so as to maintain accuracy of instrumentation

when accidents occur between scheduled calibration periods.

Complete file of operating and instruction books

provided by vendors, or written by laboratory

personnel, for special instruments, accessible

to operating personnel.

Handbook or placards warning of common discrepancies or errors in utilizing various types of

instruments. Examples of typical error analysis, accessible to operating personnel. , Training program in use of instruments. To avoid

misapplication, operating instructions and training programs should emphasize what variable the

particular instrument responds to, as opposed to

what units are on the indicator dial.

Facilities (carts, benches, racks, etc.) as necessary to provide secure mounting and appropriate

orientation for accurate read-out.

For instruments whose accuracy is based on percent

of full scale, a general guide for selecting the

optimum scale to use is that the meter should have

a scale range not more than one and one-half times

the value to be measured. (Ref. UL 307(b)-1965

para . 286 )

.

Where discrete measurements are to be taken, the

smallest scale division should be not more than

1/50 of the maximum scale range. This is not

applicable where "Go, No-go" readings falling on a major scale division are to be taken and no calibration correction is to be applied to the scale

readi ng

.

It is desirable that a uniform procedure be used

for reading liquid manometers. For ordinary vertical manometers, the manometer should be read

at the horizontal tangent to the "level" surface

of the meniscus. For extraordinarily critical

readings, corrections may be applied in accordance

with NBS Monograph 8, "Mercury Barometers and

36
Manometers", 1964. Accepted practices should be

employed in leveling the manome .^r and in taking

"zero" readings or zeroing the cale. Zero readings should be taken before an: after a pressure

reading. For inclined manometers, the scale

graduations should be normal to the axis of the

liquid column. Improved readability is attained

by reading the manometer at tne tangent to the

meniscus which is parallel to the scale graduations.

The "zero" reading should be made in the same way.

5.2.3 Instrumentation References

In addition to the minimum instrumentation required to

perform stipulated tests, more sophisticated, general purpose

instrumentation may be employed which will require consideration by persons evaluating the laboratory. The characteristics of various instruments used in HVAC testing are described

in many reference sources. Some of these include:

1) American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and

Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Handbook of

Fundamentals*, latest Edition. (Note bibliography to Chapter 13 for further references on HVAC instrumentation).

2) Gas Engineers Handbook, American Gas Association,

Sections 6 & 7, 1965, Industrial Press.

3) ASTM Part 33, Index and Glossary; Ref. accuracy,

bias (systematic error), precision (repeatability,

reproducibility), random error, and error.

4) Nondestructive Testing Handbook, Vol. 1 & 2, 1963,

edited by R. C. McMaster, Ronald Press, Ref.

Sections 1-19, 1-20, 54-3, 54-41.

5) American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)

STP 335, 1963, Manual for Conducting In terl aboratory

Study of A Test Method.

6) Standards and Practices for Instrumentation,

Third Edition, 1970, edited by G. F. Harvey, ISA.

7) ASHRAE Standard 41-66 Part 1, Standard Measurements

Guide Section on Temperature Measurement.

8) Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

(IEEE) Standard No. 108 Electrical Voltmeter,

No. 118 Resistance Measurement, No. 119

37
Temperature Measurement of Electrical Apparatus

and No. 120 Electrical Measurements.

9) American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

C42. 30-1 957 , Electrical Meters.

10) Instrument Society of America (ISA) RP16.1-3

Rotameters .

11) National Electrical Manufacturers Association

(NEMA) Automatic Temperature Controls.

12) Scientific Apparatus Makers Association (SAMA)

SAMA II, 1 & 2 Load Cells (as well as others on thermometers, thermocouple temperature vs EMF,

etc.).

13) International Standards Organization (ISO) ISO

R541-1967 Measurement of Fluid Flow.

14) International E 1 ect rotech ni cal Commission (lEC)

Various Standards on Electrical Measurements.

15) National Bureau of Standards Special Publication

Series 300. Vol. 1 Statistical Concepts and

Procedures, 1968, Vol. 2 Temperature, 1968; Vol. 3

Electricity - Low Frequency, 1968; Vol. 6 Heat,

1970; A collection of NBS papers, abstracts of

other papers and bibliography of reference texts.

16) National Bureau of Standards Monograph 8, "Mercury

Barometers and Manometers", Reprinted 1964; currently out of print.

17) Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute, ARI

Standards

.

5.3 FACILITIES

5.3.1 Criteria for Test Facilities

The minimum required facilities in the way of shelter

needed to conduct the HVAC tests include: Test floor or area

sized to contain the largest dwelling unit; temperature controlled as required to maintain approximate shirtsleeve

working conditions (75 ± 15°F) and restrict temperature

drift of the gas in the piping system to less than 1°F/10

minutes; include vent pipe opening with protection from

effects of wind gusts; provide good ventilation to remove

38
hazardous gases. Avoiding temperature extremes will help

to assure that tests will be conducted in a workmanlike manner, prevent freeze-up of Bubble Leak Test solutions and

manometer fluids and minimize the necessity for applying

corrections for temperature variations.

5.3.2 Criteria for General Facilities

Laboratory space shall be provided which is suitable

for general evaluation test activity; for preparation, storage and retrieval of test reports; and for calibration, protection and physical control of test instruments and fixtures.

The laboratory facilities shall include a reference

library containing applicable product standards such as those

listed in ANSI A119. 1-1969, Part III Appendix, the ASHRAE

Standards and Handbooks, and applicable testing standards and

methods and reference texts such as those included in the

Instrumentation References, Section 5.2.3.

5.4 PERSONNEL

5.4.1 Test Personnel

Assuming that all tests are done in sequential fashion

and that personnel are trained and experienced in conducting

each test, the minimum personnel needed to conduct the HVAC

tests are as f ol 1 ows

1) One Engineer, Mechanical, for HVAC interpretation or testing, having the equivalent of four

years of engineering education including a one

year course in statics and dynamics. See also

General Personnel Criteria, Section 5.4.2.

2) One Technician, Mechanical, for interpretation

or testing, having the equivalent of two years

of engineering college. Al ternati vely s one Aid

having the equivalent of 12 years of formal

education.

5.4.2 General Personnel Criteria

The staff of the HVAC laboratory shall include at least

one engineer, in either the work director or test engineer

positions, who has a working knowledge of the testing of

forced air, energy consuming devices, such as that obtained

by at least one year of product development or acceptance

39
testing of furnaces or HVAC systems. Other qualifications

for the Aid, Technician, and Engineer positions are included

with the Criteria for the required tests and in the Part I Definitions under "Laboratory Personnel".

5.4.3 Written Procedures

The laboratory should employ standardized, written test

procedures or equivalent documents, as necessary to communicate and interpret the basic objectives, the test requirements,

the type of data and form of report desired and cautionary or

advisory information. Where unusual or non-standard systems

are to be tested, written test requests should be employed to

convey the above information and to provide an engineering

estimate of expected results.

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FIRE SAFETY

In industrialized housing precaution must be taken

against fire. In addition to the measures specified in NFPA

101-1967 Code for Safety to Life for Fire in Buildings and

Structures, interior finishes and ducts must meet provisions

specified by tests performed according to the ASTM Standard

Method of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building

Materials, E84-67, (also referenced as UL723-1960, USAS 2.5-

1 963 , and NFPA 255-1 966 ) . This is a rather sophisticated test involving extensive

conditioning and control equipment. There are only a few

installations available and, as other agencies offer new

testing facilities for consideration, it will be increasingly

necessary to have all concerned in agreement as to the proper

procedure and the meaning of the test results.

Surface flame spread test interpretation involves considerable judgment since laboratory tests afford only an indication

of the behavior in a real fire. This is stressed in E84, which

states, in part, that "it is the intent of this test method

to register performance during the period of exposure and not

to determine suitability for use after the test exposure".

This section on Fire Safety will set forth" the requirements in the form of the equipment, instruments, facilities,

and personnel required of a laboratory or agency to perform

the stipulated test for fire safety.

1 . STIPULATED TEST

1.1 THE TUNNEL TEST - ASTM E84-67

See. Cha rt F- 1 .

COMMENTARY

This test has not been analyzed extensively, but one

published study (ASTM MR&S May 1970 p. 19-20, 50-52) states

that flame spread is most significantly affected by moisture

content, brick temperature, preheat time, specimen thickness.

hi
and related interactions. Good laboratory practice will include

full consideration of all the variables plus standardization of the composition and flow of the gas supply, the use

of reference standards in the area of from 50 to 75 and

from 100 to 200 flame spread, and complete specifications and

a stable source for the cement-asbestos board and the "select"

red oak. Good laboratory practice shall also indicate the

development of the assurance that 95% of the material rated

by the test will be under prescribed limits. Each laboratory concerned should also pay careful attention to the methods

of mounting test samples so that eventually standard methods

can be developed for various classes of materials.

1.1.1 Equi pmen

t

The referenced standard (E84) sets specific requirements

on the type of equipment necessary to conduct the test. The

tunnel, fire test chamber, gas supply and burners are all

detailed. The air conditioning equipment needed will depend

onthesizeofthetestroom.

1.1.2 Instrumentation

Standard E84 specifies, in general terms, nearly all of

the instruments necessary. All instruments employed must be

calibrated, at least once yearly, against standards traceable

to the National Bureau of Standards. All instruments should

give readings accurate to 1%.

In addition, it should be specified that the thermocouples are of ch rome 1 - a 1 ume 1 and must be read with a potentiometer, preferably of the recording type. There should also

be available a recording psychrometer to indicate continuously

the temperature and relative humidity of the test room and of

the air supply to the tunnel.

1.1.3 Faci 1 i ti es

The test room must be supplied with conditioned air at

70 ± 5°F (21 ± 2.8C) and a relative humidity between 35 and

40%. As stated before, the capacity of the air conditioning

equipment must be good enough for the size room employed.

This room must be large enough to house the tunnel, several

operators and observers, some sample storage, and all the

instruments (for easy reading).

h2
Since ASTM E84-67 sets specific requirements for the

apparatus and the environment, a copy of E84 should be available in the reference library of the laboratory or agency.

1.1.4 Personnel

Skilled Technicians (T), as defined in "Definitions",

are a requisite for conducting this test. They are required

to have specific training in conducting this test and to have

specialized knowledge of the burning characteristics of various finish materials. An Engineer shall be in general charge

of conducting the test, collecting and disseminating the data

desired, and preparing and signing the report.

Two people can perform this test with duties as follows:

( 1 ) Control Operator

(2) Flame Front Observer and Recorder.

2.0 IMPLIED TESTS

There are no implied tests for fire safety in ANSI A1 1 9. 1 - 1969.

1^3

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Page l4 3a
ELECTRICAL

The objective of the development of the criteria suitable for judging the capabilities of laboratories to perform

electrical testing is to ensure reliable test results.

Reliability of test findings depends on the instrumentation used, the test method employed and the experience of the

personnel involved. Moreover, the precision and reliability

of test instrumentation is highly dependent on the reference

and working standards employed in checking and calibrating

the instrumentation.

The laboratory must be able to conduct the stipulated

and implied tests required by ANSI A119. 1-1969. Table D-1

summarizes these tests. Inspections that could be considered

functional tests, such as operation of light switches, etc.,

will be treated in a future quality control document.

1 . STIPULATED TEST

1.1 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH TEST

The Dielectric Strength Test shall be performed by applying the test voltage (900V) for one minute between live parts

(Including neutral) and ground. Alternatively, the test may be

performed at 1088 volts for one second.

COMMENTARY

The voltage should be applied from zero Initially and It

should rise gradually to the required voltage or until breakdown occurs .

1.1.1 Equi pment

The Dielectric Strength Test, as stated in ANSI A119. 1-1969

Section IV-24.1, can be performed with commercially available

AC hypot tester.

kh
1.1.2 Ins trumentat i on

Refer to Instrumentation Section contained in Summary.

1.1.3 Faci 1 i ties

Refer to Facilities Section contained in Summary.

1 .1 .4 Personnel

Refer to Personnel Section contained in Summary.

2. IMPLIED TEST

2.1 CONTINUITY OF SYSTEM GROUND

There shall be electrical continuity among the grounding

terminals or enclosures of the distribution panel and all

exposed metal parts, enclosures, frames, lamp fixture canopies,

etc., and all exposed noncurren t-carry i ng metal parts that may

become energized. The latter include water, gas and waste

piping.

COMMENTARY

As is the case for the Dielectric Strength Test, the

Continuity Test is performed to protect against fire and

insure the personal safety of occupants.

2.1.1 Equi pmen

The continuity test, as implied in ANSI A119, 1-1969, Section

IV-23, can be performed using an ohmmeter or a continuity

tester

2.1.2 Ins trumentati on Refer to Instrumentation Section contained in Summary.

k5
2.1.3 Facilities

Refer to Facilities Section contained in Summary.

2.1.4 Personnel

Refer to Personnel Section contained in Summary.

3.0 SUMMARY

3.1. EQUIPMENT

The equipment listed under the stipulated and implied

tests shall be required of a laboratory that performs electrical

testing and inspection for factory built dwellings. An accredited

laboratory should have additional equipment to perform related

tasks involved in trouble-shooting investigations. Comments

under Instrumentation shall also apply to this Section. A list

of possible equipment and accessories could include the following:

1) Multi-range voltmeters

2) Multi-range ammeters of the conventional and tongtest types

3) Resistive electrical loads

4) Continuity equipment such as:

(a) Magneto test set,

(b) Head- tel ephone and dry battery testing set,

(c) Electric-bell testing outfit, or

(d) Continuity lamps or buzzers.

5) Receptacle circuit tester

6) Test-lamp set or Neon-glow lamp testers

7) Insulated fuse pliers

8) Meggers

9) Multi-range ohmmeters

10) Miscellaneous equipment such as:

(a) Solderingironandflux

(b) Wire strippers, pliers, knives, hacksaw

(c) Electrical insulation tape

(d) Stopwatch

11) Transformers and power supplies

12) Circuit protective equipment and switchgear

13) AC hypot tester

14) Strip-chart recorders

15) Wattmeters

h6
3.2. INSTRUMENTATION

When equipping a laboratory, reliability, safety and

accuracy should be considered in the selection of instruments.

Reliability of the instruments implies that they shall

be calibrated according to established reference standards

and shall be in good working order so as to be able to repeat

the same measurement.

Safety of the instruments implies that their handling and

operation shall not constitute a hazard.

Accuracy of the equipment refers to the agreement of the

instrument reading with the true value of the quantity

measured. A ± 2 to 3% error shall be the maximum inaccuracy

allowed for a calibrated electrical testing instrument. Then,

for acceptajice tests, overall error is kept within ± 5%.

In shipping the instruments from the laboratory to the

test site, care shall be taken to ensure that calibrated

instruments ?re moved without impairing their calibrations.

3.3. FACILITIES

3.3.1 Environment

The tests may be performed under the atmospheric conditions found in a housing system producer's plant.

3.3.2 Reference Standards

The laboratory should either have an electrical standards section where calibration and certification of precision

measuring equipment is performed or it should subcontract to

one who does

The working standards used to calibrate its instruments

should be periodically calibrated against reference standards

traceable to NBS.

3.3.3 Reference Library

The laboratory should have a reference library containing

applicable documents, such as the National Electrical Code,

ANSI A119. 1-1969, N.C. Regulations, National Electrical

hi
Manufacturer Association (NEMA) Institute of Electrical and

Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and American Society for Testing

and Material (ASTM) Standards.

3.4. PERSONNEL

3 . 4 J Requi remen ts

The minimum number of competent personnel required to

perform all of the electrical tests is as follows:

1) One Electrical Technicial able to conduct the

test

2) One Electrical Engineer able to interpret test

res u 1 ts ^

The qualifications of both the Technician and the

Engineer are given the Definitions.

3.4.2 Tra i n i n g The laboratory should conduct or sponsor, periodically, a training program to bring laboratory personnel to the "stateof-the-art" in electrical testing methodology, performance and

quality standards.
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PLUMBING

Testing performed on the various plumbing systems and

appurtenances is of the "Go, No-go" type wherein the precision

and reliability of the instrumentation Is not critical. The

objective of each of the tests is to ascertain whether or not

the system leaks.

1 . STIPULATED TESTS

There are no implied tests for plumbing systems. All

tests are stipulated and are summarized in Table P-1

1 .1 WATER SYSTEM TEST

1.1.1 Equi pmen

The equipment and materials required for this test are

as follows:

1) Potable water supply - 100 psi pressure.

2) Complete representation of prototype of water

distribution system.

3) Bourdon type gage with 0 - 200 psi scale and

with a maximum error of ± 2 psi g a 100 psi

readi ng

4) Plugs and/or caps for closing all openings in

system

5 ) Timer.

1.1.2 Ins trumentati on

The only instrumentation requiring calibration is the

Bourdon pressure gage. Its precision and calibrated range

are indicated under "Equipment" above.

1.1.3 Facilities

A room of sufficient size to contain a dwelling unit or,

alternatively, a full scale model of water distribution system

U9
is required. A source of potable water having 100 psi pressure is to be provided. The room should have a drainage system for removal of water after the test and the room must be

of sufficient area to contain units as large as 16 feet by

80 feet.

1 .1 .4 Personnel

This test can be conducted by one Technician.

1.2. DRAINAGE AND VENT SYSTEM WATER TEST

1.2.1 Equi pmen

t

The equipment and materials required for this test are

as f ol 1 ows

:

1) Dwelling unit or, alternatively, a full scale

.. representation of prototype drainage and vent

" ' ' system .

2) Potable water supply.

.., 3) Caps and/or plugs for closing all openings in

the system, except the vent terminal.

4 ) T i me r

.

1.2.2 Instrumentation

None req ui red

.

1.2.3 Facilities

The same facilities specified for the Water System Test

are required, except that the water supply need not be under

speci f i ed pressure

.

1.2.4 Personnel

This test can be conducted by one Technician.

50
1,3 DRAINAGE AND VENT SYSTEM AIR TEST

1.3.1 Equi pment

The equipment and materials required for this test are

as f ol 1 ows

1) Full scale representation of prototype drainage and vent system.

2) Potabble water supply.

3) Source of compressed air equivalent to 2 inches

of water column, with valve cut-off and means

of bleeding off the source pressure.

4) Water manometer, 0-4 inches water column, differential pressure range, graduated in 0.1 inch

i nc remen ts

5) Caps and/or plugs for closing all openings in

the system.

1.3.2 Ins trumentati on Water manometer shall be graduated in 0.1 inch increments

and shall have a calibrated accuracy of ± 0.05 inches.

1.3.3 Facilities

Same as required for Water System Test.

1.3.4 Personnel

This test can be conducted by one Technician.

1 .4. FLOOD LEVEL TEST

1.4.1 Equi pment

The equipment and materials required for this test are

as f ol 1 ows :

51
1) Dwelling unit or, alternatively, a full scale

representation of prototype drainage and vent

system with all fixtures installed.

2) Plugs.

3) Potable water supply.

^ 4 ) Ti me r

.

1.4.2 Instrumentation

None requi red

.

1.4.3 Facilities

Same as required for Water System Test.

1.4.4 Personnel

This test can be conducted by one Technician.

1.5. FIXTURE TEST

(See Table P-1 ) .

1.5.1 Equ i pmen t

The equipment and materials required for this test are

as f ol 1 ows I

1) Full scale representation of prototype drainage and vent system, with all fixtures installed.

2) Plugs.

3) Potable water supply.

1.5.2 Instrumentation

'"^ None required.

52
1.5.3 Facilities

Same as '^equired for Water System Test, except potable

water supply need not be under pressure.

1.5.4 Personnel

This test can be conducted by one Technician.

1 .6 . SHOWER STALL TEST

(See Table P-1 ) :

1.6.1 Equi pment

The equipment and materials required for this test are

as f ol 1 ows :

1) Dwelling unit or, alternatively, a full scale

representation of prototype drainage and vent

system with shower stall pan installed. The

shower stall pan must be tested prior to being

covered by finish material.

2) Potable water supply.

3) Plug for shower stcll drain.

4) Timer.

1.6.2 Ins trumentati on Nonerequired.

1.6.3 Faci 1 i ti es

Same as required for Water System Test, except that the

water supply need not be under pressure.

1.6.4 Personnel

This test can be conducted by one Aid.

53
1 .7 . FREEZE TEST

1.7.1 Equi pment

The equipment and materials required for this test are

as f ol 1 ows :

1) Full scale models of prototypes of both the

water distributi on ^ and the drainage and vent

systems, complete with insulation and other

weather protection as provided in the dwelling

unit.

2) Method for lowering and maintaining the ambient temperature to the lowest design or capacity temperature specified on the mobile home

certificate. (Ref: ANSI A1 19. 1 -1969 ,

.. 5-

J;^

' ; Fi gu re 2 ) .

3) Timer.

1.7.2 Ins trumentati on

1) Method for measuring the ambient temperature to

within ± 1°F.

2) Method for measuring water or piping systems

temperatures in areas most likely to freeze.

1 .7.3 Faci 1 i ties

A room of sufficient size to test a full scale model of

both water distribution and drainage and vent systems, complete

with insulation and other weather protection and designed to

maintain the test temperature for a period of not less than

12 hours. There shall be a source of potable water and a drainage system for removal of water after completion of the

test

.

1.7.4 Personnel

This test can be conducted by one Technician.

5^
2. SUMMARY

2 . 1 Equi pmen

The equipment required to conduct the plumbing tests is

summarized as follows:

1) Dwelling unit or, alternatively, a full scale

representation of prototype of water supply

sy s tem

2) Dwelling unit or, alternatively, a full scale

representation of prototype of drainage and

vent system with fixtures installed.

3) Bourdon pressure gage.

4) Water manometer, 0-4 inches water column, differential pressure range.

5) Potable water supply 100 psi pressure.

6) Compressed air supply equivalent to 2 inches of

water column and cut-off valve.

7) Plugs and/or caps of the sizes required to saal

off water supply piping, drainage and vent piping, tub drain and overflow, and shower drain.

8) Timer.

9) Method for lowering temperature in the test

area.

10) Method for measuring water or piping systems

temperatures in areas most likely to freeze.

2 . 2 Ins trumen ta t i on

The Bourdon pressure gage shall be calibrated from 0 to

200 psi and shall have an accuracy of ± 2 psi at 100 psi

pressure. Water manometer, 0-4 inches water column, differential pressure range, graduated in 0.1 inch increments and

having a calibrated accuracy of ± 0.05 inches. A method for

measuring the temperature within one degree Fahrenheit will

be required for the Freeze Test.

55
2,3 Facilities

The room area where the plumbing tests are to be conducted shall be of sufficient size to accommodate the dwelling

unit or a full scale representation of the prototype water

distribution system and/or the dwelling unit or a full scale

representation of the prototype drainage and vent system;

this area will have to be of such construction as to maintain

a specified temperature for a period of not less than 12 hours

The room shall have to accommodate those systems contained in

a structure 16 feet wide by 80 feet long. There shall be

available a source of potable water at a pressure of at least

100 psis a source of compressed air capable of being accurately controlled to 2 inches of water column. The area in

which the tests are to be conducted shall be equipped with a floor drainage system, supply water and drain. Waste and vent

piping systems shall be maintained as separate, with n_o cross

connect i ons .

The laboratory shall maintain a reference library containing those standards for plumbing system components contained in Part II - Table II of ANSI A119. 1-1959. The library

shall also contain reference books on plumbing and hydraulic

flow theory.

2 o4 Personnel

Because of the nature of the plumbing testing, 1,e, "Go,

No-go", all testing can be conducted by one Technician with

the exception of the Shower Stall Pan Test, which can be conducted by an Aid. An Engineer shall have overall responsibility for the laboratory and shall attest to all test reports

The Technician and Aid shall have at least 2 test experiences,

under the direct supervision of an Engineer, for each of the

test procedures he is assigned.

56
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PART IV LABORATORY ORGANIZATION

57
GENERAL

In Parts I and III, the general scope and technical

resources of a laboratory have been emphasized. However, it

is unrealistic to assess a laboratory's potential solely on these bases. Therefore, it is a necessity that a suitable

management structure exist for the proper, productive^ and

operation of the laboratory. Each laboratory,

of its size, must have a management structure to

and oversee the range of jobs and to prioritize

n terms of defined policy and resources available.

Specifically, there are three basic functions which are requi

site for efficient operation of a laboratory:

1) allocation and coordination of physical

resources;

2) allocation and coordination of personnel; and

3) allocation and coordination of finances.

s uccess f ul

regardl ess

coordi na te

thi s

It is realized that to establish specific criteria, applicable

to every laboratory and covering these basic functions, would

be most difficult. Therefore, it is incumbent upon the investigative and/or evaluative agency that these functions shall

be taken into consideration when a laboratory is evaluated.

58
APPENDIX

SI CONVERSION UNITS

In view of present accepted practice in this country in

this technological area, common U.S. units of measurement have

been used throughout this paper. In recognition of the position of the USA as a signatory to the General Conference on Weights and Measures, which gave official status to the metric

SI systems of units in 1960, we assist readers interested in

making use of the coherent system of SI units, by giving conversion factors applicable to U.S. units used in this report.

Length

1 in = 0.0254* meter

1 ft = 0.3048* meter

Area

1 in^ = 6.4516* x 10"^ meter^

1 ft^ = 0.09290 meter^

Force

1 lb (Ibf) = 4.448 newton

1 kip = 4448 newton

Pressure, Stress

2

1 psi = 6895 newton/meter

Mass/Vol ume

1 Ib/ft"^ (Ibm/ft^) = 16.02 kilogram/meter^

Temperature

°F (Fahrenheit) = 9/5 °C (celsius) + 32* •

* Exactly

59

FORM NBS-114A

U.S. DEPT. OF COMM. 1 1. PUBLICATION OR REPORT NO. 2. Gov't Accession

bibliogra_ps'?i!C data WBSIR 'J'^-^2k

3. Recipient's Accession No.

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Criteria for Testing Laboratories for Manufactured Building

One and Two Family Dwelling Systems and Components

5. Publication Date November 1972

6. Performing Organization Code

7. AUTHOR(S) James 0. Bryson, Adolfo A. Camacho, Frank M. Gavan,

Jim L. Heldentrand, Morris A. Rotinson. Bertram M. Vosel

8. Performing Organization

EBSIR l'^-22k

9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20234

10. Project/Task/Work Unit No. U601131

11» Contract/Grant No,

12. SpcusoriEg Organization Name and Address

National Bureau of Standards

Covered

Preliminai J Report

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

15, sup?le:mentary notes

16. abstract (a 200-word or less factual summary of most significant information. If document includes a significant

bib!:!Cgr£j>hy or literature survey, mention it here.) TMs report presents and explains the criteria by which testing laboratories

can be judged for their capability to perform tests identified in the North

Carolina Procedures and Regulations for Mobile Homes, Modular Dwelling Units and

Other Factory Built Structures-19T0 Edition. This also includes the American

National Standard for Mobile Homes, ANSI, A119. 1-19^9 which the code adopts by

reference. Technical resources, in terms of facilities, equipment, instrumentation

and personnel, necessary to perform each of these tests were subsequently identified

after a thorough study of each test. The information is arranged in the report into

foiir major parts (l) General Informat ion, (ll) Calibration Plan, (ill) Criteria

by Building Systems Disciplines and (IV) Laboratory Organization.

Each tests along with those technical resources required for its performance

is fuDT-ther identified under one of the five building systems disciplines ^ namely,

(l) Structures, (2) KVAC , (3) Fire Safety, (U) Electrical and (5) Plumbing,

This criteria is found in Part III of this report.

7. KEY WORDS (Alphabetical order, separated by semicolons) Accreditation Of laboratori

built houses; institutional examining agency; laboratory evaluation, building;

methodolosGT, examining laboratories; mobile homes; modular houses.

18. AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

FT] UNLIMITED.

1 1 FOR OFFICIAL DISTRIBUTION. DO NOT RELEASE

TO NTIS.

19. SECURITY CLASS

(THIS REPORT)

UNCL ASSIFIED

21. NO. OF PAGES

20. SECURITY CLASS

(THIS PAGE)

UNCLASSIFIED

22. Price

USCOMM-DC 66244-P7I


i

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