# DOCUMENTATION FOR THE
2005 MOBILE NATIONAL EMISSIONS INVENTORY,
VERSION 2

Prepared for:

Emissions Inventory Group (D205-01) Emissions, Monitoring and Analysis Division Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

Prepared by:

Assessment and Standards Division Office of Transportation and Air Quality U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ann Arbor, MI 48105

and

E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. 3622 Lyckan Parkway, Suite 2005 Durham, NC 27707

EPA Contract No. EP-D-07-097 Work Assignment No. 1-01 Pechan Report No. 08.09.002/9016.201

December 2008

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### iii Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

# CONTENTS

Page

TABLES ......................................................................................................................... ................ v ACRONYMS AND A BBREVIATIONS

..................................................................................... vii

1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................... . 1

1.1 WHAT IS THE PURPOS E OF THIS REPORT?

....................................................... 1

1.2 WHAT CATEGORIES ARE COVE RED IN THIS REPORT?

.................................. 2

1.3 HOW IS THIS RE PORT ORGANIZED?

................................................................... 2

2.0 SUMMARY OF 2005 NONROAD AND ONROAD MOBILE METHODOLOGIES ...... 3

2.1 WHAT ARE THE GENERAL METHODOLOGIES EPA USED TO DEVELOP

PREVIOUS MOBILE NEIS?

...................................................................................... 3 2.2 WHAT IS THE BASIS FOR THE 2005 MOBILE NEI, VERSION 1? ..................... 3 2.2.1 QA ................................................................................................................... 3

2.3 HOW HAVE 2005 MOBILE EMISSION ESTIMATES CHANGED FROM THE 2005 MOBILE NEI, VERSION 1?

........................................................................... 12 2.3.1 Basis for 2005 Mobile NEI, Version 2.......................................................... 12 2.3.2 QA ................................................................................................................. 15 2.3.3 Onroad Mobile Pollutant Emission Comparisons......................................... 15 2.3.4 NONROAD Model Pollutant Emission Comparisons .................................. 16

3.0 NMIM....................................................................................................................... .......... 18

3.1 NMIM METHODOLOGY........................................................................................ 18

3.1.1 Introduction and Overview............................................................................ 18
3.1.2 How NMIM Works ....................................................................................... 19
3.1.3 How NMIM Runs Mobile6 ........................................................................... 19

3.1.4 How NMIM Runs NONROAD..................................................................... 23 3.1.5 Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM .......................... 24 3.1.6 Source Categories for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM............. 26

3.2 THE NMIM C OUNTY DATAB ASE ....................................................................... 28

3.2.1 Database Structure......................................................................................... 28

3.2.2 Onroad VMT ................................................................................................. 29

3.2.2.1 Annual................................................................................................. 30 3.2.2.2 Monthly Allocation............................................................................. 43 3.2.3 Fuel Properties............................................................................................... 45

3.2.3.1 Gasoline .............................................................................................. 45

3.2.3.2 Diesel and Natural Gas ....................................................................... 47

3.2.4 Environmental Data....................................................................................... 51 3.2.4.1 Temperature and Humidity ................................................................. 51

3.2.4.2 Altitude and Barometric Pressure ....................................................... 54 3.2.5 Nonroad-Specific Parameters........................................................................ 54 3.2.6 Onroad Local Emission Control Programs ................................................... 56 3.2.6.1 Inspection and Maintenance Programs ............................................... 56 3.2.6.2 Anti-Tampering Programs .................................................................. 56 3.2.6.3 Low Emitting Vehicle Programs......................................................... 57 3.2.6.4 Refueling Emission Control Programs ............................................... 57 3.2.7 Onroad Fleet and Activity ............................................................................. 58December 2008



### iv Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### 3.2.7.1 Age Distribution.................................................................................. 58

3.2.7.2 Diesel Sales Fractions ......................................................................... 59 3.2.7.3 Average Speeds................................................................................... 60 3.2.7.4 Annual Mileage Accumulation Rates ................................................. 60 3.2.7.5 Trips Per Day ...................................................................................... 61 3.2.7.6 Trip Length Distribution ..................................................................... 61 3.2.7.7 Hourly Distribution of Engine Starts .................................................. 62 3.2.7.8 Hourly Distribution of Vehicle Miles Traveled.................................. 62
3.2.7.9 Soak Time Distribution....................................................................... 62 3.2.7.10 Diurnal Activity Distribution............................................................ 63

3.2.7.11 Hot Soak Distribution ....................................................................... 63

3.2.8 NMIM Toxic Emission Factors..................................................................... 64

3.2.8.1 Gaseous HAPs..................................................................................... 64

3.2.8.2 PAHs ................................................................................................... 65 3.2.8.3 Metals, Dioxins, and Furans ............................................................... 66
4.0 2002 MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING NEI ................................................................... 67

4.1 HOW WERE STAGE II ONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS DEVELOPED? .. 67

4.2 HOW WERE STAGE II NONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS DEVELOPED? 67

4.3 REPORTING OF MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING.............................................. 68 4.4 QA PROCEDURES................................................................................................... 68

5.0 REFERENCES................................................................................................................. .. 69

APPENDIX A. LOCAL DATA FO R NMIM COUNTY DATABASE

................................. A-1December 2008



### v Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

# TABLES

Table 1-1. 2005 Mobile National Em issions Inventory, Version 2

............................................... 1 Table 2-1a. Methods Used to Develop Emission Estim ates for Onroad Vehicle Sources ............ 4 Table 2-1b. Methods Used to Develop Annual Emission Estimates for Nonroad Mobile

Sources ................................................................................................................................ 6 Table 2-2. Summary of Onroad and Nonroad 2002 and 2005 NMIM Data Submissions........... 13 Table 2-3. Comparison of 2005 Onroad Mobile NEI, Version 1 and Version 2......................... 16 Table 2-4. Comparison of 2005 NONROAD Model NEI, Version 1 and Version 2.................. 17 Table 3-1. The 18 Vehicle Class-roadway Type Combinations in NMIM ................................. 22

Table 3-2. The MOBILE6 Calendar Years and Ev aluation Months That Are Used by NMIM to Produce an Inventory for Each Month of a Given Year, Y ............................................... 23 Table 3-3. Hydrocarbon Forms Available from NMIM (MOBILE6 User Guide)...................... 24

Table 3-4. List of Pollutants for Wh ich Inventories Are Produced by NMIM

............................ 25 Table 3-5a. The 12 Vehicle Classes That Correspond to SCCs .................................................. 27

Table 3-5b. The 28 MOBILE6 Vehicle Classes and the 12 Vehicle Classes Corresponding to SCCs That Are Output by NMIM ..................................................................................... 27 Table 3-6. 12 Roadway Types ..................................................................................................... 28 Table 3-7. NONROAD Model Equipment Segments.................................................................. 28 Table 3-8. Tables in the NMIM County Database (NCD) .......................................................... 29 Table 3-9. HPMS 2005 VMT Fractions by Road Types and Vehicle Categories

....................... 35 Table 3-10. Mapping of HPMS Vehicle Cate gories to MOBILE6, MOBILE5, and SCC-Level

Vehicle Classes

................................................................................................................ . 36 Table 3-11. VMT Fractions by MOBILE6 Vehicle Categories

.................................................. 37

Table 3-12. Allocation of VMT from HPMS Ve hicle Categories to MOBILE6 Vehicle Classes

for 2005 ............................................................................................................................. 38 Table 3-13. List of States or Counties with State or Locally-Provided VMT in the 2002 NEI

.. 39 Table 3-14. Calculation and Application of 2002 to 2005 Growth Factors for an Exam ple County............................................................................................................................... 41 Table 3-15. Mapping of MOBILE6 to MOBILE5 Vehicle Classes

............................................ 42 Table 3-16. NMIM Default VMT Seasonal and Monthly Tem poral Allocation Factors............ 44 Table 3-17. Survey Cities and 2000 Diesel Sulfur Values .......................................................... 48 Table 3-18. City Mapping and Weights for Diesel Sulfur........................................................... 48
Table 3-19. Nonroad Diesel Sulfur Levels by Category and by State

......................................... 51 Table 3-20. Nonroad Specific Pa ram eters Provided by State...................................................... 55 Table 4-1. Stage II HAP Speciation Profiles Applied to VOC Emissions .................................. 67 Table A-1. List of I/M Program File Names Used for Version 2 of the 2005 National Em ission Inventory......................................................................................................................

... A-2 Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

................... A-5 Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Program s 2005.................................................... A-11 Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provi ded by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

........... A-17 Table A-5. 25-Year Trend of Vehicle Registrations And New Sales in Puerto Rico.............. A-27

Table A-6. Diesel Sales Fractions Provide d by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

................ A-28 Table A-7. Average Speeds by Road Type and Vehicle Type ................................................ A-32 Table A-8. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

...... A-33December 2008



### vi Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-9. Trip Length Distributions Provi ded by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

........... A-40 Table A-10. Vehicle Miles Traveled by Hour of the Day Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal (S/L/T) Agencies

......................................................................................... A-41December 2008



### vii Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

# ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AAMA Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers of America ALVW adjusted loaded vehicle weight ASOS Automated Surface Observing System AWOS Automated Weather Observing System BTS Bureau of Transportation Statistics CAP criteria air pollutant CASRN Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Numbers CNG compressed natural gas
CO carbon monoxide DOE Department of Energy DOT Department of Transportation
EC elemental carbon EDMS Emissions and Dispersion and Modeling System EGAS Economic Growth Analysis System EIG Emission Inventory Group EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ERG Eastern Research Group, Inc ETBE ethyl tertiary butyl ether
ETOH ethanol
FAA Federal Aviation Administration FHWA Federal Highway Administration
FID flame ionization detection FIPS Federal Information Processing System GIS geographic information system GSE ground support equipment GUI graphical user interface GVWR gross vehicle weight rating HAPs hazardous air pollutants HC hydrocarbons HDDV heavy duty diesel vehicle HDGV heavy duty gasoline vehicle HHDDV heavy heavy-duty vehicle HPMS Highway Performance Monitoring System I/M inspection and maintenance LDDT light duty diesel truck LDGT light duty gasoline truck LDDV light duty diesel vehicle LDGV light duty gasoline vehicle LDV light duty vehicle
LEV low emission vehicle LHDDV light heavy-duty diesel vehicle LPG liquefied petroleum gas LTO landing and take-off LVW loaded vehicle weight MC motorcycle MHDDV medium heavy-duty diesel vehicle mph miles per hour MTBE methyl tertiary butyl etherDecember 2008



### viii Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### NAPAP National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program NCD NMIM County Database
NCDC National Climatic Data Center
NEI National Emissions Inventory NGV natural gas vehicle
NH 3 

### ammonia
NIF NEI Input Format NMHC nonmethane hydrocarbons NMIM National Mobile Inventory Model NMOG nonmethane organic gases
NO

x 

### oxides of nitrogen
NWS National Weather Service OC organic carbon OTAQ Office of Transportation and Air Quality
PADDs Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts PAH polyaromatic hydrocarbons
Pb lead Pechan E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. PM particulate matter PM10 particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal
10 micrometers PM2.5 particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal
2.5 micrometers psi pounds per square inch QA quality assurance REMSAD Regional Modeling System for Aerosols and Deposition
RFG reformulated gasoline
RVP Reid vapor pressure
SCC source classification code SEMCOG South Eastern Michigan Council of Governments
SIC standard industrial classification (code)
SIP State implementation plan S/L/T State, local, and tribal
SO 2 

### sulfur dioxide
SO 4 

### sulfate SOA secondary organic aerosol STEEM Ship Traffic, Energy, and Environmental Model TAME tertiary amyl methyl ether THC total hydrocarbons TOG total organic gases
U.S. United States VOC volatile organic compounds
VMT vehicle miles traveled WO winter oxygenateDecember 2008



### 1 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

# 1.0 INTRODUCTION

The National Emissions Inventory (NEI) is a comprehensive inventory covering criteria pollutants and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) for the 50 United States (U.S.), Washington DC, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands. The NEI was created by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency = s (EPA = s) Emission Inventory Group (EIG) in Research Triangle Park, North

Carolina.

The NEI will be used to support air quality modeling, rule development, international reporting, air quality trends analysis, and other activities. To this end, the EPA established a goal to compile comprehensive emissions data in the NEI for criteria and HAPs for nonroad mobile, onroad mobile, point, and nonpoint sources.



## 1.1 WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT?

This report summarizes the procedures EPA used to estimate annual emissions for the onroad mobile sector and a portion of the nonroad sector of EPA = s 2005 final NEI, also referred to as the 2005 NEI Version 2. Relevant activities for preparing Version 1 of the mobile sector 2005 NEI

are also summarized.

The nonroad sector is comprised of nonroad engines in EPA = s NONROAD model, as well as other engines not modeled in NONROAD, includi ng aircraft, commercial marine vessels, and locomotives. This report only addresses those nonroad categories included in EPA = s NONROAD model. Methodologies for other nonroad categories are documented in a separate report entitled “Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, and Locomotive, and Other Nonroad Components of the National Emissions Inventor y” (ERG, 2005). For most of these source categories, EPA used the 2002 NEI Version 4 estimates. However, some of these estimates have been updated. Check the 2005 NEI website for the most recent information.

A summary of national annual onroad mobile and NONROAD model criteria pollutant emissions as calculated for the 2005 mobile NEI, Version 2 is provided in Table 1-1.

Table 1-1. 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2

Pollutant Onroad Emissions, tpy NONROAD Emissions, tpy

VOC 4,194,811 2,826,714

NOx 6,386,627 2,051,998

CO 49,716,705 21,246,993

PM10-PRI 181,073 213,458

PM25-PRI 125,075 203,956

SO2 146,200 198,579

NH3 309,808 1,999December 2008



### 2 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

## 1.2 WHAT CATEGORIES ARE COVERED IN THIS REPORT?

The “onroad vehicles” category includes motorized vehicles that are normally operated on public roadways. This includes passenger cars, motorcycles, minivans, sport-utility vehicles, light-duty trucks, heavy-duty trucks, and buses.

NONROAD model categories include recreational marine and land-based vehicles, farm and construction machinery, industrial, commercial, logging, and lawn and garden equipment. Aircraft ground support equipment (GSE) and rail maintenance equipment are also included in NONROAD. These equipment are powered by compression-ignition engines, which are typically diesel-fueled, as well as spark-ignition or gasoline-fueled engines. Compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) e ngines may also power certain types of nonroad equipment.



## 1.3 HOW IS THIS REPORT ORGANIZED?

Chapter 2 provides an overview of the procedures used to develop the 2005 nonroad and onroad mobile emission estimates, as well as a summary of methodologies used for developing historic year mobile emission estimates. Chapter 3 presents a discussion of EPA = s National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM), as well as a description of the inputs used in the NMIM County Database (NCD). Chapter 4 describes the procedures used to estimate mobile source refueling (i.e., Stage II) emission estimates.

The report also includes Appendix A, which contains a detailed listing of the local inputs used for the NCD as referenced in Chapter 3.December 2008



### 3 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

# 2.0 SUMMARY OF 2005 NONROAD AND ONROAD MOBILE
METHODOLOGIES

This section provides an overview of the methods used to develop the 2005 NEI Versions 1 and 2. Though the focus of this documentation is on describing the methodologies and data used for 2005, section 2.1 of this document provides an overview of methodologies used for developing historic year mobile emission estimates, including onroad and all nonroad mobile categories.



## 2.1 WHAT ARE THE GENERAL METHODOLOGIES EPA USED TO
DEVELOP PREVIOUS MOBILE NEIS?

Criteria air pollutant (CAP) emission estimates for mobile sources have been developed for the years 1970, 1975, and 1978 through 2002, and 2005. HAP emission estimates for mobile sources have been prepared for the years 1990, 1996, 1999, 2002, and 2005. Table 2-1a provides a summary of the methods used for preparing current base year (2005) and historic year HAP and CAP onroad mobile emission estimates. Table 2-1b lists the methods used to prepare various subsectors of the nonroad mobile sector inventory, for 2005 and previous inventory

years.



## 2.2 WHAT IS THE BASIS FOR THE 2005 MOBILE NEI, VERSION 1?

EPA = s Office of Transportation and Air Quality (OTAQ) has developed a model known as the NMIM. NMIM includes a county-level database with parameters specific to each county. The data in this county-level database are us ed to develop MOBILE6.2 and NONROAD model input

files within NMIM. NMIM is described in more detail in Section 3.1 of this document. EPA = s NMIM was used to generate both onroad and nonroad estimates for the 2005 NEI.

For the 2005 mobile NEI Version 1, NMIM was run for all counties. The NCD used is designated as NCD20070912. The version of the NMIM software was NMIM20070410. The

MOBILE model version was M6203ChcOxFixN MIM. The NONROAD Model version was NR05c-BondBase. The basis for the 2005 default vehicle miles traveled (VMT) is data supplied by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), as well as publicly available data from

FHWA = s Highway Statistics series. Details of how the VMT database was developed are discussed in Section 3.2.2 of this report.

2.2.1 QA

NMIM has been tested to ensure that the MOBILE6 input files and NONROAD option (“opt”) files it generates are correct, that it reads the NCD properly, and that its output files properly read and process the MOBILE6 and NONROAD output files. Both MOBILE6.2.03 and NONROAD2005 have been peer reviewed and publicly released.December 20084Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2Table 2-1a. Methods Used to Develop Emission Estimates for Onroad Vehicle Sources(Years addressed in this report are noted in bold print)BaseYear(s)Pollutant(s)Geographic Area Emission Estimation Method2005 All Criteria, HAPs US, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands Emission estimates for all pollutants were developed using EPA=sNational Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM), which uses MOBILE6 tocalculate onroad emission factors.Where States provided alternateonroad MOBILE6 inputs or VMT, these data replaced EPA default inputs.Default VMT is based on FHWA 2005 data and 2005 Census populationestimates.2002All Criteria, HAPsUS, Puerto Rico, Virgin IslandsEmission estimates for all pollutants were developed using EPA’s NationalMobile Inventory Model (NMIM), which uses MOBILE6 to calculate onroademission factors. Where States provided alternate onroad MOBILE6 inputs orVMT, these data replaced EPA default inputs. California-supplied emissionsdata which replaced default EPA emission estimates for this state. DefaultVMT is based on FHWA 2002 data and population data from 2000 Census.2001VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5CaliforniaEmissions and VMT provided by California at county/vehicle type level; Stateprovided emissions expanded to county/SCC level by EPA2001NH3CaliforniaCalculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6 emissionfactors with State-provided VMT data2001All CriteriaAL; CO; ME; MA; MS; OR; UT; VA;WV; Maricopa County, AZ;Hamilton County, TNState-provided VMT grown to 2001; emissions calculated by EPA usingMOBILE6 emission factors2001All CriteriaRest of USCalculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6 and FHWAbased VMT1999All CriteriaAL; ME; MA; MS; UT; VA; WV;Maricopa County, AZ; HamiltonCounty, TNCalculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6; Stateprovided VMT data used1999VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5CaliforniaEmissions and VMT provided by California at county/vehicle type level; Stateprovided emissions expanded to county/SCC level by EPA1999NH3CaliforniaCalculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6 emissionfactors with State-provided VMT data1999PM10 ExhaustColoradoPM10 emissions and VMT provided by State1999VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10 brake and tirewear, PM2.5, NH3ColoradoCalculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6; Stateprovided VMT data usedDecember 20085Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2Table 2-1a. Methods Used to Develop Emission Estimates for Onroad Vehicle Sources(Years addressed in this report are noted in bold print)BaseYear(s)Pollutant(s)Geographic Area Emission Estimation Method1999All CriteriaOregonEmissions and VMT provided by Oregon at county/vehicle type level; Stateprovided emissions expanded to county/SCC level by EPA1999All CriteriaRest of US, Puerto Rico, and USVirgin IslandsCalculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6 and FHWAbased VMT1999HAPsCaliforniaHAP emissions and VMT provided by California at county/vehicle type level;emissions allocated to SCC level by EPA1999HAPsRest of US, Puerto Rico, and USVirgin IslandsMOBILE6 emission factors calculated at State/county/SCC level by season;applied to FHWA-based VMT1997-1998All CriteriaUS2-step linear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based on 1996 and 1999State/count/SCC level data1990, 1996HAPsUSMOBILE6 emission factors calculated at State/county/SCC level by season;applied to Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)-based vehicle milestraveled (VMT)1991-1995All CriteriaUSLinear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based on 1990 and 1996State/count/SCC level data1988-1989All CriteriaUSLinear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based on 1987 and 1990State/count/SCC level data1979-1986All CriteriaUSLinear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based on 1978 and 1987State/count/SCC level data1978, 1987,1990, 1996,2000All CriteriaUSCalculated at State/county/source classification code (SCC) level by monthusing MOBILE6, no State data incorporated1970, 1975All CriteriaUSLinear extrapolation at national vehicle type level based on 1978 and 1987national dataDecember 20086Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2Table 2-1b. Methods Used to Develop Annual Emission Estimates for Nonroad Mobile Sources(Categories/years addressed in this report are noted in bold print)CategoryBase YearPollutant(s)Estimation Method*NONROAD CategoriesNonroad Gasoline,Diesel, LPG,CNG2005 VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5, NH3, &HAPsEmission estimates for NONROAD model engines were developedusing EPA=s National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM), whichincorporates NONROAD2005. Where States provided alternatenonroad inputs, these data replaced EPA default inputs.2002 VOC,NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5, NH3, &HAPsEmission estimates for NONROAD model engines were developedusing EPA=s National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM), whichincorporates NONROAD2005. Where States provided alternatenonroad inputs, these data replaced EPA default inputs. Californiasupplied emissions data also replaced EPA emission estimates for thisState.1999VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Using emission estimates from two emission inventories including: 1) a1996 county-level inventory, developed using EPA=s October 2001 draftNONROAD model; and 2) an updated 1999 national inventory, based onEPA’s draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated May 2002). Usingthe 1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonal and daily county-tonational ratios were then developed for application to updated nationalestimates per season estimated from the Lockdown C model. ReplacedState-submitted data for California for all NONROAD model categories;Pennsylvania for recreationalmarine and aircraft ground supportequipment, and Texas for select equipment categories.1996, 1997, 1998,2000 & 2001VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Using emission estimates from two emission inventories including: 1) a1996 county-level inventory, developed using EPA=s October 2001 draftNONROAD model; and 2) updated year-specific national and Californiainventories, based on EPA=s draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (datedMay 2002). Using the 1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonaland daily county-to-national ratios andCalifornia county-to-State ratioswere then developed for application to updated national estimates perseason estimated from the Lockdown C model. California resultsreplace the diesel equipment emissions generated from prior applicationof county-to-national ratios.1991-1995VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5, NH3Using 1990 and 1996 county-level emissions inventories, estimatedemissions using linear interpolation of national emissions between 1990and 1996. From these emissions, calculated the average annual growthrate for each pollutant/SCC combination for each year, and then appliedthe growth factors to 1990 county-level emissions to estimate 1991-1995emissions.December 20087Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2CategoryBase YearPollutant(s)Estimation Method*Nonroad Gasoline,Diesel, LPG, andCNG (Continued)1990VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Using emission estimates from two emission inventories including: 1) a1996 county-level inventory, developed using EPA=s October 2001 draftNONROAD model; and 2) updated 1990 national inventory, based onEPA=s draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated May 2002). Usingthe 1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonal and daily county-tonational ratios were then developed for application to updated nationalestimates per season estimated from the Lockdown C model.1986, 1988, &1989VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5, NH3Using 1985 and 1990 county-level emissions inventories, estimatedemissions using linear interpolation of national emissions between 1985and 1990. From these emissions, calculated the average annual growthrate for each pollutant/SCC combination for each year, and then appliedthe growth factors to 1985 county-level emissions to estimate 1986-1989emissions.1987VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Using EPA=s draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated May 2002),developed updated national emissionsfor 1987 by running 4 seasonalNONROAD model runs to estimate annual criteria pollutant emissions.Also performed national NONROAD model runs to estimate typicalsummer weekday emissions.1985VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Using emission estimates from two emission inventories including: 1) a1996 county-level inventory, developed using EPA=s October 2001 draftNONROAD model; and 2) updated 1985 national inventory, based onEPA=s draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated May 2002). Usingthe 1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonal and daily county-tonational ratios were then developed for application to updated nationalestimates per season estimated from the Lockdown C model.1970, 1975, 1978,& 1980VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Using EPA=s draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated May 2002),developed updated national emissions for all years by running 4seasonal NONROAD model runs to estimate annual criteria pollutantemissions. Also performed national NONROAD model runs to estimatetypical summer weekday emissions.1996, 1997, 1998,1999, 2000, &2001NH3Obtaining national fuel consumption estimates from the Lockdown CNONROAD model, multiplying by NH3emission factors, and distributingto counties using 1996 inventory, based on October 2001 draftNONROAD. NH3emissions for California were also recalculated usingupdated diesel fuel consumption values generated for California-specificruns, and assuming the 1996 county-level distribution.1985 & 1990NH3Obtaining national fuel consumption estimates from the Lockdown CNONROAD model, multiplying by NH3emission factors, and distributingto counties using 1996 inventory, based on October 2001 draftNONROAD.December 20088Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2CategoryBase YearPollutant(s)Estimation Method*Nonroad Gasoline,Diesel, LPG, andCNG (Continued)1987NH3Obtaining 1987 national fuel consumption estimates from Lockdown CNONROAD model and multiplying by NH3emission factors.1970, 1975, 1978,& 1980NH3Obtaining national fuel consumption estimates from the Lockdown CNONROAD model and multiplying by NH3emission factors.1990, 1996, &1999HAPsSpeciation profiles applied to county VOC and PM estimates. MetalHAPs were calculated using fuel and activity-based emission factors.Some State data were provided and replaced national estimates. (2003)AircraftCommercial Aircraft2002 & 2005Criteria and HAPsFederal Aviation Administration (FAA) Emissions and Dispersion andModeling System (EDMS) was run for criteria pollutants, VOC and PMemissions were speciated into HAP components. (2004)1990, 1996, 1999,2000, 2001VOC, NOx, CO, SOXInput landing and take-off (LTO) data into FAA EDMS. Nationalemissions were assigned to airports based on airport specific LTO dataand Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) geographic informationsystem (GIS) data. State data replaced national estimates. (2003)1970-1998VOC, NOx, CO, SOXEstimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation betweenavailable base years. (2003)1990, 1996, 1999HAPsSpeciation profiles were applied to VOC estimates to get national HAPestimates. State data replaced national estimates. (2003)General Aviation, AirTaxis1978, 1987, 1990,1996, 1999, 2000,2001, & 2002VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Used FAA LTO data and EPA approved emission factors for criteriaestimates. Speciation profiles were applied to VOC estimates to getnational HAP estimates. State data replaced national estimates. (2004)1970-1998VOC, NOx, CO, SOX,PM10, PM2.5Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation betweenavailable base years. (2003)1990, 1996, 1999,& 2002HAPsUsed FAA LTO data and EPA approved emission factors for criteriaestimates. Speciation profiles were applied to VOC estimates todevelop national HAP estimates. (2004)1990, 1996, 1999,& 2002PbUsed Department of Energy (DOE) aviation gasoline usage data withlead concentration of aviation gasoline. (2004)1996NH3Applied NH3emissions factors to 1996 national jet fuel and aviationgasoline consumption estimates.Military Aircraft1978, 1987, 1990,1996, 1999, 2000,2001, & 2002VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Used FAA LTO data and EPA approved emission factors for criteriaestimates. Representative HAP profiles were not readily available,therefore HAP estimates were not developed. State data replacednational estimates. (2004)1970-1998VOC, NOx, CO, SOX,PM10, PM2.5Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation betweenavailable base years. (2003)December 20089Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2CategoryBase YearPollutant(s)Estimation Method*Auxiliary Power Units1985-2001VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Grew 1996 emissions to each year using LTO operations data from theFAA. Estimation methods prior to 1996 reported in EPA, 1998.Unpaved Airstrips11985-2001PM10, PM2.5Grew 1996 emissions to each year using SIC 45-Air Transportationgrowth factors, consistent with the current draft version of EconomicGrowth Analysis System (EGAS). Estimation methods prior to 1996reported in EPA, 1998.Aircraft Refueling11985-2001VOCGrew 1996 emissions to each year using SIC 45-Air Transportationgrowth factors, consistent with the current draft version of EGAS.Estimation methods prior to 1996 reported in EPA, 1998.Commercial Marine Vessel (CMV)CMV Steam/Residualfuel Categories2005VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5, HAPs2002 Estimates grown to 2005 (2008).CMV Steam/Residualfuel Categories2002VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5, HAPs2002 based estimates were developed for port and underway category 3(C3) vessels as part of a rulemaking effort. Emissions were developedseparately for near port and underway emissions. For near portemissions, inventories for 2002 were developed for 89 deep water and28 Great Lake ports in the U.S. The Waterway Network Ship Traffic,Energy, and Environmental Model (STEEM) was used to provideemissions from ships traveling in shipping lanes between and nearindividual ports (2008)CMV DieselCategories2002 & 2005VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.52001 Estimates carried over. Used State data when provided. (2004)HAPs1999 Estimates carried over. Used State data when provided. (2004)CMV Diesel1978, 1987, 1990,1996, 1999, 2000,& 2001VOC, NOx, CO, SOx,PM10, & PM2.5,Used criteria emission estimates in the background document for marinediesel regulations for 2000. Adjusted 2000 criteria emission estimatesfor other used based on fuel usage. Emissions were disaggregated intoport traffic and underway activities. Port emissions were assigned tospecific ports based on amount of cargo handled. Underway emissionswere allocated based on Army Corp of Engineering waterway data.State data replaced national estimates. (2003)1970-1998VOC, NOx, CO, SOX,PM10, PM2.5Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation betweenavailable base years. (2003)1990, 1996, 1999HAPsVOC and PM emission estimates were speciated into HAP components.State data replaced national estimates. (2003)1996NH3Applied NH3emissions factors to 1996 distillate and residual fuel oilestimates (i.e., as reported in EIA, 1996).1990-1995NH3Estimation methods reported in EPA, 1998.December 200810Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2CategoryBase YearPollutant(s)Estimation Method*CMV Steam Powered1978, 1987, 1990,1996, 1999, 2000,& 2001VOC, NOx, CO, SOx,PM10, & PM2.5Calculated criteria emissions based on EPA State implementation plan(SIP) guidance. Emissions were disaggregated into port traffic andunder way activities. Port emissions were assigned to specific portsbased on amount of cargo handled. Underway emissions wereallocated based on Army Corp of Engineering waterway data. Statedata replaced national estimates. (2003)1970-1998VOC, NOx, CO, SOX,PM10, PM2.5Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation betweenavailable base years. (2003)1990, 1996, &1999HAPsVOC and PM emission estimates were speciated into HAP components.State data replaced national estimates. (2003)Military Marine1997-2001VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Applied EGAS growth factors to 1996 emissions estimates for thiscategory.CMV Coal,2CMV,Steam powered, CMVGasoline21997-1998VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Applied EGAS growth factors to 1996 emissions estimates for thiscategory.CM Coal, CMV, Steampowered, CMVGasoline, MilitaryMarine1991-1995VOC, NOx, CO, SO2,PM10, PM2.5Estimation methods reported in EPA, 1998.LocomotivesClass I, Class II,Commuter, Passenger,and Yard Locomotives1978, 1987, 1990,1996, 1999, 2000,2000, 2002, &2005VOC, NOx, CO, PM10,PM2.5Criteria pollutants were estimated by using locomotive fuel use data fromDOE EIA and available emission factors. County-level estimates wereobtained by scaling the national estimates with the rail GIS data from theDepartment of Transportation (DOT). State data replaced nationalestimates. (2004)1978, 1987, 1990,1996, 1999, 2000,2001, 2002, &2005SO2SOxemissions were calculated by using locomotive fuel use and fuelsulfur concentration data from EIA. County-level estimates wereobtained by scaling the national estimates with the county level railactivity data from DOT. State data replaced national estimates. (2004)1970-1998VOC, NOx, CO, SOX,PM10, PM2.5Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation betweenavailable base years. (2003)1990, 1996, 1999,& 2002HAPsHAP emissions were calculated by applying speciation profiles to VOCand PM estimates. County-level estimates were obtained by scaling thenational estimates with the county level rail activity from DOT. Statedata replaced national estimates. (2004)1997-1998NH3Grew 1996 base year emissions using EGAS growth indicators.1996NH3Applied NH3emissions factors to diesel consumption estimates for 1996.1990-1995NH3Estimation methods reported in EPA, 1998.December 200811Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2Notes:* Dates included at the end of Estimation Method represent the year that thesection was revised.1. Emission estimates for unpaved airstrips and aircraft refuelingare included in the area sourceNEI, since they represent non-engine emissions.2. National Emission estimates for CMV Coal and CMV Gasolinewere not developed though Statesand local agencies may have submitted estimates for these sourcecategories.EPA, 1998. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planningand Standards, Emission Factors and InventoryGroup,National Air Pollutant EmissionTrends, Procedures Document, 1900B1996, EPA-454/R-98-008. May 1998.December 2008



### 12 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### The NCD has been undergoing review ever since it was developed. The database was assembled by Eastern Research Group under contract to OTAQ and included significant QA effort, as documented in “National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) Base and Future Year County Database Documentation and Quality Assurance Procedures” (EPA, 2003a). The NCD was subsequently quality checked by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. (Pechan) under contract to OTAQ, as documented in “Comparison of NMIM County Database to NEI Modeling, Final Report” (EPA, 2003b). States most recently reviewed the data in the NCD posted for 2005 NEI Version 1 and provided corrections, which have been incorporated into the database. For more information on the NCD, see Section 3.2.

Finally, EPA performed completeness checks to confirm that data for all county-month combinations were generated by the NMIM run. Since the NMIM MOBILE6 runs and NMIM NONROAD runs are always executed in county-mont h combinations, the presence in the output data of all county-month combinations i ndicates that all MOBILE6 and NONROAD runs completed and that NMIM processed them.



## 2.3 HOW HAVE 2005 MOBILE EMISSION ESTIMATES CHANGED FROM THE 2005 MOBILE NEI, VERSION 1?

This section provides an overview of the basis of the 2005 mobile NEI, Version 2. The basis for some of the differences seen from the 2005 mobile NEI, Version 1 is also discussed.

2.3.1 Basis for 2005 Mobile NEI, Version 2

In developing the 2005 m obile NEI, Version 2, EPA provided State, local, and tribal (S/L/T) agencies the opportunity to review and provide comment on the NMIM county-level database for 2005. The 2005 NMIM county database was populated with EPA’s most current default 2005 data. In addition, for some of the onroad and nonroad activity inputs, the 2005 NCD contained data submitted by States for the 2002 NE I. EPA prepared instructions for S/L/T agencies to explain the preferred methods for submitting revised NMIM inputs (EPA, 2007a). EPA requested that air agencies submit revised data to EPA by September 30, 2007. Once submitted, these data were logged, reviewed, and quality-assured by EPA. Table 2-2 provides a summary of the data submitted by S/L/T agencies for the 2005 Mobile NEI. As seen in Table 2- 2, many States also provided VMT data in the NE I Input Format (NIF (reported as throughput in the PE table)). These VMT were converted to the NCD VMT format and replaced the default

EPA estimates.

For the 2005 mobile NEI Version 2, NMIM was run for all counties. Emission estimates for the 2005 onroad and NONROAD model (hereafter referred to as simply “nonroad”) NEI Version 2 were made using NMIM and the updated NCD. The NMIM county-level database for 2005 was updated with local data submitted by State and local agencies and EPA’s most current default data where local data were not provided. The NCD used is designated as NCD20080522, whichincludes the data provided by the States after they reviewed EPA’s default 2005 NCD. Statespecific files that correspond to the updated NCD are posted at EPA’s web site at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/2005inventory.html . The version of the NMIM software wasDecember 200813Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2Table 2-2. Summary of Onroad and Nonroad 2002 and 2005 NMIM Data Submissions2002 2005StateID State NameData ProvidedForNCD FilesMOBILE6InputFilesNONROAD/NMIMExternal Files NCD FilesOnroadNIF VMT01 AL Alabama All Counties02 AK AlaskaMaricopa County9Pima County904 AZ ArizonaRest of State05 AR Arkansas All CountiesAll Counties906 CA CaliforniaLa Posta Tribe08 CO Colorado All Counties99909 CT Connecticut10 DE Delaware All Counties99911 DC District of Columbia999Pinnelas CountyBroward County12 FL FloridaRest of State13 GA Georgia All Counties915 HI Hawaii916 ID Idaho All Counties9917 IL Illinois All Counties99(opt files only)18 IN Indiana919 IA Iowa All Counties20 KS Kansas All CountiesJefferson County921 KY KentuckyRest of State22 LA Louisiana All Counties23 ME Maine All Counties924 MD Maryland All Counties999925 MA Massachusetts All Counties9All Counties99926 MI MichiganSEMCOG99927 MN Minnesota All Counties28 MS Mississippi All Counties29 MO Missouri All Counties30 MT MontanaLancaster County31 NE NebraskaRest of StateDecember 200814Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2Table 2-2. Summary of Onroad and Nonroad 2002 and 2005 NMIM Data Submissions2002 2005StateID State NameData ProvidedForNCD FilesMOBILE6InputFilesNONROAD/NMIMExternal Files NCD FilesOnroadNIF VMT15 of 17 Counties9Clark County32 NV NevadaWashoe County33 NH New Hampshire All Counties34 NJ New Jersey All Counties9935 NM New Mexico36 NY New YorkAll Counties937 NC North Carolina All Counties938 ND North Dakota39 OH Ohio All Counties9940 OK Oklahoma41 OR Oregon All Counties942 PA Pennsylvania All Counties972 PR Puerto Rico44 RI Rhode Island345 SC South Carolina946 SD South Dakota91 of 95 Counties99(opt files only)9Davidson County999(opt files only)9Hamilton County99Knox County9947 TN TennesseeShelby County9948 TX Texas All Counties9949 UT Utah All Counties99950 VT Vermont All Counties978 VI Virgin Islands51 VA Virginia All Counties9953 WA Washington All Counties9954 WV West Virginia All Counties955 WI Wisconsin All Counties99956 WY WyomingDecember 2008



### 15 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### NMIM20071009. The MOBILE model version was M6203ChcOxFixNMIM. The NONROAD

Model version was NR05c-BondBase.

A detailed listing by parameter of S/L/T inputs used in the updated NCD for the 2005 NEI Version 2 is presented in Chapter 3, Section 3.2 of this document. State data related to temperature and onroad or nonroad fuel profiles are described in detail in Sections 3.2.3 and 3.2.4. State-submitted data related to onroad control programs and activity data used for the onroad/NMIM runs are described in detail in Sections 3.2.6 and 3.2.7, respectively. The specific State-submitted data related to nonroad activity parameters used for the NONROAD/NMIM runs

are described in detail in Section 3.2.5.

In cases where S/L/T agencies provided NIF da ta, including the PE table where VMT data are stored, the NIF VMT data were converted to the NMIM BaseYearVMT table format. The NCD was then updated with these VMT data before it was run. The conversion from the NIF to NMIM VMT formats was performed in the manner discussed in Section 3.2.2 of this document for VMT provided at the 12 vehicle type level of detail and then expanded to the 28 vehicle type

level of detail.

2.3.2 QA

Prior to perform ing the NMIM runs, EPA quality assured all updates made to the NCD. EPA coordinated with State and local agencies where needed to follow-up on questions regarding the accuracy or reasonableness of data submitted.

EPA also performed completeness checks to confirm that data for all county-month combinations were generated by the NMIM run. Since the NMIM MOBILE6 runs and NMIM NONROAD runs are always executed in county-mont h combinations, the presence in the output data of all county-month combinations i ndicates that all MOBILE6 and NONROAD runs completed and that NMIM processed them.

2.3.3 Onroad Mobile Pollutant Emission Comparisons

For the onroad sources, the prim ary differences between Version 1 and Version 2 of the 2005 NEI estimates stem primarily from changes in the default VMT, as well as S/L/T-provided MOBILE6 activity inputs. Table 2-3 summarizes the differences in criteria pollutant emissions and VMT between these two versions of the NEI for the entire United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. At the national level, the changes are relatively consistent among all criteria pollutants, and generally follow the trend reflected in the overall change in VMT. SO 2 

### emission estimates show a slightly smaller increase of 0.8 percent, as these increases in VMT are likely offset by decreases in sulfur content for States that provided these data.December 2008



### 16 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 2-3. Comparison of 2005 Onroad Mobile NEI, Version 1 and Version 2

Version 1 2005 NEI, tpy Version 2 2005 NEI, tpy Percent

Difference

VOC 4,128,884 4,194,811 1.6%
NOX 6,294,227 6,386,627 1.4%
CO 49,035,793 49,716,705 1.4%
PM10-PRI 178,628 181,073 1.3%
PM25-PRI 123,439 125,075 1.3%
SO2 145,020 146,200 0.8%
NH3 305,486 309,808 1.4% VMT (million miles) 2,982,132 3,026,525 1.5%



### The annual VMT used in the 2005 NEI Version 1 was based on developing a default 2005 VMT database from FHWA data and then replacing the FHWA-based VMT with State-based VMT grown to 2005 for States and local areas that supplied VMT data used in the 2002 NEI. In developing Version 2 of the 2005 NEI, these default 2005 VMT data were then replaced by 2005-specific State data where these data were supplied to EPA. The resulting change in VMT for the entire inventory is about a 1.4 percent increase from Version 1 to Version 2 of the 2005 NEI. However, at the State level, the VMT changes range from a 16 percent decrease from Version 1 to Version 2 in Idaho to an increase in VMT of 12 percent in California. In addition, there have also been changes made to many of the MOBILE6 input values to reflect data submitted by individual S/L/T agencies (see Chapter 3). These include inputs such as vehicle distributions by age, speeds, and I/M program speci fications. Changes in any of these inputs can cause changes in the resulting emission values.

2.3.4 NONROAD Model Pollutant Emission Comparisons

For the nonroad sector, the sm all differences observed between Versions 1 and 2 of the 2005 NEI are due to NMIM inputs submitted by State and local agencies that impact nonroad emissions. These include primarily fuel parameter and temperature data. Table 2-4 summarizes the differences in NONROAD model criteria pollutant emissions between Version 1 and 2 of the 2005 NEI for the entire US, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. At the national level, the changes are relatively small, with VOC showing the largest difference. When comparingemissions at a State level, emissions changed notably for those 5 States submitting nonroadrelated inputs, including Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Utah, and Wisconsin.

EPA also observed minor differences between nonroad evaporative VOC emission estimates for States for which no updates were made. These differences were determined to be caused by an update to a NONROAD data input file (spillage.emf) that specifies tank sizes, hose lengths, and ethanol permeation factors.December 2008



### 17 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 2-4. Comparison of 2005 NONROAD Model NEI, Version 1 and Version 2

Version 1 2005 NEI, tpy Version 2 2005 NEI, tpy Percent
Difference

VOC 2,843,321 2,826,714 -0.6%
NOX 2,049,258 2,051,998 0.1%
CO 21,232,257 21,246,993 0.1%
PM10-PRI 213,483 213,458 0.0%
PM25-PRI 203,971 203,956 0.0%
SO2 198,018 198,579 0.3%
NH3 1,998 1,999 0.0%December 2008



### 18 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

# 3.0 NMIM

3.1 NMIM METHODOLOGY

3.1.1 Introduction and Overview

EPA = s NMIM is a consolidated emissions modeling system for EPA = s MOBILE6 and NONROAD models. It was developed to produce, in a consistent and automated way, national, county-level mobile source emissions inventories for the NEI and for EPA rulemaking. When national inventories have previously been constructed from MOBILE6 and NONROAD, the necessary input data have been widely scattered in disparate formats and have required additional specialized software to convert these data into input files for MOBILE6 and NONROAD, to run the models, to integrate the results into a final inventory, and to post-process the results into forms suitable for the national inventories. NMIM is designed to accomplish all of these tasks in a single package.

NMIM comprises a Java framework, graphical and command line user interfaces, the MOBILE6 and NONROAD models, a national county databa se, and postprocessing and aggregation capabilities. NMIM = s primary improvements over MOBILE6 and NONROAD are: 1) the inclusion of all the required county data for the nation in a single database; 2) graphical user interface (GUI); 3) “shortcuts” for generating nati onal inventories; 4) tools for aggregation and post-processing; 5) estimation of 33 HAPs and 17 dioxin/furan congeners by ratio to various MOBILE6 and NONROAD output parameters; and 6) distributed processing capability to enhance performance. NMIM specifically extends MOBILE6’s capabilities by producing inventories rather than just emissions factors. NMIM provides consistency across both models and all pollutants by using a single input database for MOBILE6 and NONROAD and for criteria pollutants and HAPs.

An installation package and users manual for NMIM 2005 may be downloaded from the website: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/nmim.htm. Questions about NMIM can be emailed to mobile@epa.gov

.

This chapter begins with an overall explanation of how NMIM works, followed by the details of how it runs MOBILE6 and NONROAD. Next, it di scusses the pollutant and source category inventories available from running NMIM. Then it describes the NCD and plans for updating and improving it through the NEI process. Lastly, there is an explanation of how NMIM

estimates various HAPs that are not direct outputs of MOBILE6 and NONROAD.December 2008



### 19 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### 3.1.2 How NMIM Works

The NMIM user specifies a set of years and m onths, a geographic region (the whole United States, any combination of whole States, or a ny combination of particular counties, including Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands), a set of pollutants, and categories of onroad vehicles and nonroad equipment. This collection of user requests is called a “run specification” or RunSpec, and can be saved in a file for later execution or for text editing. RunSpecs can be produced by the NMIM GUI or by using a text editor. NMIM RunSpecs can be executed from the GUI or

from the command line.

Based on the RunSpec and information in the NCD, NMIM writes input files for the MOBILE6 and NONROAD models. NMIM then runs these models, reads their output files, performs additional processing if necessary, and puts the inventories into an output database. Additional processing includes multiplying MOBILE6 emission factors by VMT and estimating emissions of some other pollutants (see below) as ratios to pollutant inventories generated by MOBILE6 and NONROAD. NMIM also has post-processing capability that can be applied after the inventory is generated, including the option to produce NIF Version 3.0 (NIF3) files.

NMIM employs two main techniques, adopted from previous NEIs, to make the production of national inventories tractable. The first is to assume that monthly time resolution is adequate for both meteorology and source activity and therefore to perform 12 monthly runs instead of 365 daily runs. NMIM is designed to do only monthly runs and produces annual inventories by summing the 12 monthly inventories.

The second technique, which was not used for the 2005 NEI, is to group similar counties, allowing NMIM to do a single MOBILE6 or NONROAD run for the entire group. All counties were run individually for this version of the 2005 NEI to make maximum use of county-specific

information.

As a way of further improving performance, NMIM may be run in a distributed-processing mode, employing multiple computers. NMIM comprises two programs, Master and Worker. Both Master and Worker(s) have a simple text configuration file which specifies the path to a shared folder through which they communicate. The GUI, used to produce RunSpecs and AgSpecs as discussed above, is on the Master. In standalone mode, one Master, one Worker, and the shared folder are on the same computer. In distributed mode, there are multiple workers on separate computers. For both Version 1 and Version 2 of the 2005 NEI, NMIM was run in distributed mode, using one master and several workers.

3.1.3 How NMIM Runs Mobile6

NMIM writes a MOBILE6 input file and executes MOBILE6 once for each m onth for each representing county (if the user chose the Geographic Representation option “County Group”) or for each county (if the user chose the Geographic Representation option “County”). The resulting emission factors are multiplied by the VMT for each county. Each MOBILE6 input file is constructed using data obtained from the NCD.December 2008



### 20 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### The MOBILE6 input files constructed by NMIM are designed to accommodate detailed user input and to use a consistent set of commands. In order to use consistent fuels data for all pollutants, the AIR TOXICS command is always used, even if no air toxics are requested by the user. To enable the AIR TOXICS command, NMIM always inserts the command to model acrolein in the MOBILE6 input file, whether the user requests it or not. However, if the user does not request acrolein, it will not appear in the output table. Similarly, other commands, such as ALTITUDE, POLLUTANTS, and EVALUATI ON MONTH are always explicitly used, rather than depending on MOBILE6 default settings and will always appear in NMIM MOBILE6 input files. The NMIM MOBILE6 input files always use the HOURLY TEMPERATURES command, rather than MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE command. The hourly RELATIVE HUMIDITY command is always used, rather than the ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY command. The BAROMETRIC PRES command is always used, since this value interacts with the relative humidity values. Average speed distributions are always specified using the SPEED VMT command, rather than the AVERAGE SPEED command.

For consistency, NMIM requires that gasoline fuel parameters have the level of detail to properly model air toxic emissions, even though less detail is required to model criteria pollutants. The OXYGENATE command is used instead of the OXYGENATED FUELS command, so all oxygen content values must be expressed as volume percent instead of weight percent. GAS AROMATIC%, GAS OLEFIN%, GAS BENZENE%, E200 and E300 must always be specified. RVP OXY WAIVER command is always set to 1 (no waiver), because Reid vapor pressure (RVP) values from the fuel surveys are assumed to already account for any RVP effect from oxygenated fuels. The FUEL RVP command is always required. The GASOLINE SULFUR command and FUEL PROGRAM command Option 4 are always used to explicitly set the sulfur content of gasoline. The same gasoline sulfur content is used for both commands and for all years in the FUEL PROGRAM command, although it would normally have different sulfur values for different years. Each MOBILE6 r un covers only a single month in a particular calendar year, so NMIM sets all possible sulfur values the same to avoid programming logic to determine which of the possible years to change.

Some counties have local emission control programs. The basic information for these programs is stored in the NCD and used to create the appropriate commands for the input file when needed. Inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs for counties are stored in external data files and accessed using the I/M DESC FILE command.

In addition to the basic required information, NMIM can also include county specific data that is normally provided to MOBILE6 using external data files. Nearly any of the valid MOBILE6 commands can be used, including commands used to model local Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) phase-in programs and local natural gas vehicle fracti ons. Diesel sales fractions are stored in an external file and used to create the appropriate input command.

Not all MOBILE6 commands are used by NMIM. The VMT FRACTIONS and VMT BY FACILITY commands are not needed, since these commands are only needed to create composite emission rates. NMIM converts all emission rate results from MOBILE6 to tons using the county specific VMT for each vehicle class and roadway type. Since all gasolines are explicitly defined, both the SEASON command and FUEL PROGRAM command Option 2 are

never used.December 2008



### 21 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Only weekdays are modeled by NMIM. Commands that apply to weekend variations are not used. This simplification makes sense because most weekend differences in MOBILE6 are temporal distributions, so MOBILE6’s emission factors at the day level are little affected by these differences. (Parameters that can differ between weekends and weekdays are hot soak duration distribution, start distribution, starts/day, soak distribution, and trip length distribution.) The major difference between weekdays and weekends is VMT, which is provided by month, vehicle type, and roadway type in the NCD.

MOBILE6 has only 4 facility or roadway types: freeways, arterials, ramps, and locals. Ramp speed is fixed at 34.6 miles per hour (mph) and local speed at 12.9 mph. Distributions of average speeds are specified separately for freeways and arterials using the SPEED VMT command. If only a single MOBILE6 scenario were run, the same distribution of average speeds would be applied to all vehicle types. Separate specification of average speed distributions for all combinations of the 12 roadway types and all 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types would require running 168 MOBILE6 scenarios.

In order to avoid running so many MOBILE6 scenarios, while retaining reasonable flexibility, NMIM groups vehicle class-roadway type combinations into 18 groups, shown in Table 3-1. These groups are those that have been used in past NEI base years, and provide flexibility in assigning average speeds while limiting the number of MOBILE6 runs necessary to generate an inventory. Since nine of these combinations use the MOBILE6 freeway facility type and 9 use the arterial facility type, a total of 9 MOBILE6 scenarios are needed to model the 18 vehicle class/roadway type combinations. Average speed distributions for each of these 18 vehicle class/roadway type combinations can be specified for each county.

Because MOBILE6 can model only one particle size at a time, if both PM10 and PM2.5 are desired, NMIM runs a tenth MOBILE6 scenario to obtain emission factors for the extra particle size. MOBILE6 separates exhaust particulates into sulfate (SO 4 

### ), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), lead, tire wear, and brake wear. Of these, only SO 4 

### depends on speed. If either PM10 or PM2.5 is requested, the results are obtained from the standard nine scenarios. If both PM10 and PM2.5 are requested, the nine scenarios are run for PM10. Since all SO 4 

### is PM2.5, if both PM10 and PM2.5 are requested, the SO 4 

### emission factor for both is taken from the nine scenarios that are sensitive to speed, and the tenth scenario is used to obtain the emission factors for all the other PM2.5 components.December 2008



### 22 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-1. The 18 Vehicle Class-road way Type Combinations in NMIM

M6Vtypes* Road Types M6 Ftype

LDV Rural Interstate Freeway

LDT Rural Interstate Freeway

HDV Rural Interstate Freeway

LDV Urban Interstate Freeway

LDT Urban Interstate Freeway

HDV Urban Interstate Freeway

LDV Urban Freeways & Expressways Freeway

LDT Urban Freeways & Expressways Freeway

HDV Urban Freeways & Expressways Freeway

LDV,LDT Rural Principal Arterial Arterial

LDV,LDT Rural Minor Arterial Arterial

HDV Rural Principal Arterial Arterial

LDV,LDT Rural Major Collector Arterial

LDV,LDT Rural Minor Collector, Rural Local Arterial

HDV Rural Minor Arterial Arterial

LDV,LDT Urban Principal Arterial, Urban Minor Arterial, Urban Collector Arterial

HDV Rural Major Collector, Rural Minor Collector, Rural Local Arterial

HDV Urban Principal Arterial, Urban Minor Arterial, Urban Collector Arterial

* Reference MOBILE6.2 User Guide, Appendix B LDV = MOBILE6 Vehicle Types 1 and 16. LDT = MOBILE6 Vehicle Types 2-5. HDV = MOBILE6 Vehicle Types 6-15.



### MOBILE6 specifies a calendar year and an evaluation month of either January or July. This combination determines the fleet composition for which emission factors are generated. For each month of a given inventory year, NMIM writes the MOBILE6 input file using the combination of calendar year and evaluation month shown in Table 3-2.

The reasoning behind this scheme is that the fleet composition in October, November, and December of year Y is more like that of January of year Y+1 than it is like July of year Y. This scheme does not cause a problem with fuel properties, because NMIM always looks up the fuel properties in the NCD for the inventory year and month being modeled. Control programs in MOBILE6 are always assumed to begin on January 1, but MOBILE6 assumes that these programs have no effect on that day, since the program has had no time to get started. Hence NMIM is not erroneously introducing next year = s control programs by modeling October, November, and December as January 1 of the following year.December 2008



### 23 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-2. The MOBILE6 Calendar Years and Evaluation Months That Are Used by NMIM to Produce an Inventory for Each Month of a Given Year, Y

NMIM Month of Inventory Year
Y MOBILE6 Calendar Year MOBILE6 Evaluation Month

1 Y 1

2 Y 1

3 Y 1

4 Y 7

5 Y 7

6 Y 7

7 Y 7

8 Y 7

9 Y 7

10 Y+1 1

11 Y+1 1

12 Y+1 1



### 3.1.4 How NMIM Runs NONROAD

NONROAD estim ates monthly fuel consumption a nd emissions of total hydrocarbons (THC), CO, NO

x 

### , SO 2 

### , and PM. Additional pollutants are produced by NMIM as ratios to some of these
outputs.

The NONROAD Model reads a set of ASCII instructions, known as an “opt file” (for options). NMIM creates this file from data in the NCD. As employed in NMIM, the opt file is limited to one State and specifies month and year, fuel prope rties, temperature, and the counties for which to calculate emissions, which may be all or a subset of the counties in the State. NONROAD internally produces emissions for the whole State and then allocates the emissions for each SCC to the requested counties. Output is produced only for the county or counties selected in the NMIM RunSpec.

The NONROAD Model includes a group of files th at specify equipment populations, emissionfactors, deterioration rates, activities, and allocations from the State to the county level. Countyspecific allocation, population, seasonality, and activity files that will override the default files can be specified in the NCD.

The fuel properties required by the NONROAD Model are not the same as those in the NCD. The NONROAD Model requires “Oxygen Weight %” in its opt file. The conversion from NCD fuel properties to oxygen weight percent is performed by NMIM as follows:

oxywtpct = etohvolume*0.3448*etohmktshare
+ mtbevolume*0.1786*mtbemktshare
+ tamevolume*0.1636*tamemktshare
+ etbevolume*0.1533*etbemktshareDecember 2008



### 24 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### These conversion factors are detailed under the OXYGENATE command in the MOBILE6

User = s Guide (EPA, 2003c).

How NMIM converts from THC to other hydrocarbon (HC) species

THC is the NONROAD Model = s native output. The other HC species that can be requested from
NMIM are listed and defined in Table 3-3 below. The conversion from THC to the other HC species differs between exhaust and evapora tive emissions. For NONROAD, NMIM classifies all emissions as either exhaust, evaporative, or refueling. NONROAD = s crankcase emissions are
classified as exhaust.

NMIM uses factors in the SCC table to convert NONROAD exhaust THC to the other HC outputs (VOC, NMHC, TOG, and NMOG). For evaporative emissions except for FuelType=CNG, no conversion is necessary (i.e., VOC = NMHC = TOG = NMOG = THC). For evaporative CNG emissions, TOG = THC, and NMOG = NMHC = VOC = 0.

3.1.5 Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM

HCs m ay be expressed in one of five forms, listed in Table 3-3 below. The conversion factors
are those used in the MOBILE6 and NONROAD m odels and depend on fuel and engine type.

Table 3-3. Hydrocarbon Forms Availa ble from NMIM (MOBILE6 User Guide)

Hydrocarbon Form Includes
FID HC Includes
Methane Includes
Ethane Includes Aldehydes Total Hydrocarbons (THC) Yes Yes Yes Partially Nonmethane Hydrocarbons (NMHC) Yes No Yes Partially Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Yes No No Yes Total Organic Gases (TOG) Yes Yes Yes Yes Nonmethane Organic Gases (NMOG) Yes No Yes Yes



### Table 3-4 lists all pollutants for which NMIM produces inventories. The pollutant codes are those specified by NIF3. 1 

### Numeric codes are Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Numbers 2 

### (CASRN) with the hyphens removed.

In Table 3-4, a non-blank “Ratio to” column (MB for MOBILE6, NR for NONROAD) indicates that the pollutant is calculated by NMIM, after the MOBILE6 or NONROAD model is run, by ratio to the pollutant listed in the column. A blank “Ratio to” column indicates that the pollutant

is calculated inside MOBILE6 or NONROAD. Th e ratio depends on source type, expressed as a SCC, and fuel characteristics. The complete list of these ratios may be found in the NCD SCC table and SCCToxics table. Ratio units are g/ga llon, g/mile, and g/g of PM or VOC. For onroad vehicles, naphthalene is ratioed to exhaust PM and to evaporative VOC. For nonroad, it is ratioed to exhaust PM10 only. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is present to provide input to REMSAD (Regional Modeling System for Aerosols and Deposition 3 

### ).

1 Details of the NIF3 may be found as links to http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/nif/index.html#ver3.

2 See EPA = s Substance Registry System: http://www.epa.gov/srs/ and the CAS Registry website: http://www.cas.org/EO/regsys.html.

3 Information on REMSAD may be found at http://remsad.saintl.com/overview.htm.December 2008



### 25 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### The “Six HAPs” category represents the first HAPs studied for mobile sources. They are selected individually in the NMIM RunSpec. The 27 “Add = l. HAPs” (additional HAPs) are selected as a group in the NMIM RunSpec. The 17 dioxin/furan congeners are also selected as a group. Pollutants in Table 3-4 without a categor y listed may be selected individually in the NMIM RunSpec. All pollutants are output separately, even if they are selected as a group.

Table 3-4. List of Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM

Pollutant Ratio to

Code Pollutant Name Category MB NR

CO Carbon Monoxide

HC Hydrocarbons (choice of five forms)

NOX Nitrogen Oxides

SO2 Sulfur Dioxide

PM10-PRI Primary PM10 (Filterables and Condensibles)

PM25-PRI Primary PM2.5 (Filterables and Condensibles) PM10*

NH3 Ammonia Gal*

75070 Acetaldehyde Six HAPS VOC

107028 Acrolein Six HAPS VOC

71432 Benzene Six HAPS VOC

106990 1,3-Butadiene Six HAPS VOC

50000 Formaldehyde Six HAPS VOC

1634044 MTBE Six HAPS VOC

100414 Ethyl Benzene Add = l. HAPS VOC VOC

100425 Styrene Add = l. HAPS VOC VOC

108883 Toluene Add = l. HAPS VOC VOC

110543 Hexane Add = l. HAPS VOC VOC

120127 Anthracene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

123386 Propionaldehyde Add = l. HAPS VOC VOC

129000 Pyrene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

1330207 Xylene Add = l. HAPS VOC VOC

16065831 Chromium (Cr3+) Add = l. HAPS Mile Gal

18540299 Chromium (Cr6+) Add = l. HAPS Mile Gal

191242 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

193395 Indeno(1,2,3,c,d)pyrene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

205992 Benzo(b)fluoranthene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

206440 Fluoranthene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

207089 Benzo(k)fluoranthene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

208968 Acenaphthylene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

218019 Chrysene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

50328 Benzo(a)pyrene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

53703 Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

540841 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane Add = l. HAPS VOC VOC

56553 Benz(a)anthracene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10December 2008



### 26 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 Pollutant Ratio to

Code Pollutant Name Category MB NR 7439965 Manganese Add = l. HAPS Mile Gal

7440020 Nickel Add = l. HAPS Mile Gal

83329 Acenaphthene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

85018 Phenanthrene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

86737 Fluorene Add = l. HAPS PM10 PM10

91203 Naphthalene Add = l. HAPS PMVOC PM10

1746016 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

19408743 1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

3268879 Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

35822469 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

39001020 Octachlorodibenzofuran Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

39227286 1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

40321764 1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

51207319 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

55673897 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Heptachlorodibenzofuran Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

57117314 2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

57117416 1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

57117449 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

57653857 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

60851345 2,3,4,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

67562394 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzofuran Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

70648269 1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

72918219 1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzofuran Dioxin/furan Mile Gal

CO2 Carbon Dioxide

SOA Secondary Organic Aerosol VOC* VOC*
* Ratios for these pollutants are in the NCD SCC table. All others are in the SCCToxics table.



### 3.1.6 Source Categories for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM

NMIM’s output is always in terms of SCC, which are described in the SCC table. For onroad output, NMIM also distinguishes five emission types (exhaust, evaporation, refueling, brake wear, and tire wear). For NONROAD, NMIM distinguishes three emission types (exhaust, evaporation, and refueling) and also reports the NONROAD power classes, which subdivide a given SCC by horsepower range.

The VMT in the BaseYearVMT table is by the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes. In NMIM output, however, these 28 vehicle classes are aggregated into the 12 vehicle classes that correspond to

SCC codes. These 12 vehicle classes are s hown in Table 3-5a. The NCD M6VClass table defines the correspondence between these two sets of vehicle classes, which are shown in

Table 3-5b.December 2008



### 27 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-5a. The 12 Vehicle Classes That Correspond to SCCs

Class Description Class Description LDGV Light duty gasoline vehicles LDDT Light duty diesel trucks LDGT1 Light duty gasoline truck 1 2BHDDV Class 2b heavy duty diesel vehicles LDGT2 Light duty gasoline truck 2 LHDDV Light heavy-duty diesel vehicles HDGV Heavy duty gasoline vehicles, include buses MHDDV Medium heavy-duty diesel vehicles MC Motorcycles HHDDV Heavy heavy-duty diesel vehicles LDDV Light duty diesel vehicles BUSES Diesel buses



### Table 3-5b. The 28 MOBILE6 Vehi cle Classes and the 12 Vehicle Classes Corresponding to SCCs That Are Output by NMIM

M6# 28 M6 12 SCC Description

1 LDGV LDGV Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (Passenger Cars) 2 LDGT1 LDGT1 Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 1 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR, 0-3750 lbs. LVW) 3 LDGT2 LDGT1 Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 2 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR, 3751-5750 lbs. LVW) 4 LDGT3 LDGT2 Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 3 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR, 0-5750 lbs. ALVW) 5 LDGT4 LDGT2 Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 4 (6, 001-8,500 lbs. GVWR, 5751 lb s. and greater ALVW) 6 HDGV2B HDGV Class 2b Heavy-Duty Gaso line Vehicles (8501-10,000 lbs. GVWR) 7 HDGV3 HDGV Class 3 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR) 8 HDGV4 HDGV Class 4 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (14,001-16,000 lbs. GVWR) 9 HDGV5 HDGV Class 5 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (16,001-19,500 lbs. GVWR) 10 HDGV6 HDGV Class 6 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (19,501-26,000 lbs. GVWR) 11 HDGV7 HDGV Class 7 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (26,001-33,000 lbs. GVWR) 12 HDGV8A HDGV Class 8a Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (33,001-60,000 lbs. GVWR) 13 HDGV8B HDGV Class 8b Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (>60,000 lbs. GVWR) 14 LDDV LDDV Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles (Passenger Cars) 15 LDDT12 LDDT Light-Duty Diesel Trucks 1 and 2 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR) 16 HDDV2B 2BHDDV Class 2b Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (8501-10,000 lbs. GVWR) 17 HDDV3 LHDDV Class 3 Heavy-Duty Diese l Vehicles (10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR) 18 HDDV4 LHDDV Class 4 Heavy-Duty Diese l Vehicles (14,001-16,000 lbs. GVWR) 19 HDDV5 LHDDV Class 5 Heavy-Duty Diese l Vehicles (16,001-19,500 lbs. GVWR) 20 HDDV6 MHDDV Class 6 Heavy-Duty Diese l Vehicles (19,501-26,000 lbs. GVWR) 21 HDDV7 MHDDV Class 7 Heavy-Duty Diese l Vehicles (26,001-33,000 lbs. GVWR) 22 HDDV8A HHDDV Class 8a Heavy-Duty Diese l Vehicles (33,001-60,000 lbs. GVWR) 23 HDDV8B HHDDV Class 8b Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (>60,000 lbs. GVWR) 24 MC MC Motorcycles (Gasoline) 25 HDGB HDGV Gasoline Buses (School, Transit and Urban)
26 HDDBT BUSES Diesel Transit and Urban Buses
27 HDDBS BUSES Diesel School Buses 28 LDDT34 LDDT Light-Duty Diesel Tr ucks 3 and 4 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR)



### SCC output also distinguishes 12 roadway types, listed in Table 3-6. The 12 roadway types are those used by the FHWA Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS). 4 

### These roadway types, in combination with the 12 vehicle types, result in 144 SCCs for onroad mobile sources.

4 Information on the FHWA HPMS is available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hpms/.December 2008



### 28 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-6. 12 Roadway Types

Interstate: Rural Interstate: Urban Other Principal Arterial: Rural Other Freeways and Expressways: Urban

Minor Arterial: Rural Other Principal Arterial: Urban Major Collector: Rural Minor Arterial: Urban
Minor Collector: Rural Collector: Urban

Local: Rural Local: Urban



### Emissions are estimated by the NONROAD Model for 214 SCCs. SCCs distinguish between equipment types, fuels (gasoline, diesel, LPG, and CNG) and between 2-stroke and 4-stroke gasoline engines. In addition, NONROAD produces horsepower categories, and NMIM retains these in its output.

Within NMIM and the NONROAD Model, the nonroad SCCs are grouped into 12 segments,

listed in Table 3-7.

Table 3-7. NONROAD Model Equipment Segments

Recreational Lawn/Garden Logging Oil Field

Construction Agriculture Airport Support Pleasure Craft

Industrial Commercial Underground Mining Railroad



### Any single SCC always falls under only one of these segments, corresponding to its most typical application, although it may be used in other segments as well. For example, skid steer loaders are in the construction segment, although they are also used in agriculture. Fuels are gasoline, diesel, LPG, and CNG. NMIM users must choose a segment and fuel; individual SCCs may not be selected. Output, however, is by individual SCC.



## 3.2 THE NMIM COUNTY DATABASE

3.2.1 Database Structure

The NCD contains all the county-specific inform ation needed to run MOBILE6 and NONROAD. It also contains the list of pollutants and the ratios of HAPs, dioxins/furans, and

some metals to various NONROAD and MOBILE6 out puts that are used to estimate inventories of these nonstandard pollutants. This database is in MySQL, an open source database management system that is available from www.mysql.com. The tables in the database are listed

in Table 3-8.December 2008



### 29 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-8. Tables in the NMIM County Database (NCD)

Table Contents

BaseYearVMT VMT by year, county, M6VClass, and HPMSRoadType. County For each county, Federal Information Processi ng System (FIPS) codes for the county and State, altitude, beginning and end of ozone season, Stage 2 information, Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) fraction file name CountyMap The representing county fo r each county, one for NONRO AD and one for MOBILE6. CountyMonth Defines the set of possible county-month combinations. CountyMonthHour Monthly average hourly temperat ure and humidity table used if A Use yearly weather data @ is not selected or there is no data for t he requested year in t he CountyYearMonthHour
table. County NRFile References to external NONROAD files pertaining to a county. CountyVMTMonth
Allocation Mileage allocation factors for the 12 months of the year, by county.

CountyYear Stage2 percent input to the NR model, plus ex ternal file references for MOBILE6 and NR. CountyYearMonth Gasoline, diesel, and natural gas fuel ID s for each county for each year and month. CountyYearMonth
Hour Historical hourly temperature and relative humidity.

DataSource Defines datasource identifie rs used in other tables.

Diesel Diesel sulfur content associated with each diesel ID.
EmissionType Associates emission types (exhaust, evap, brake, tire) with EmissionTypeID used in other
tables
FileType Defines the set of valid external f iles and their 3-character extensions.

Gasoline Detailed fuel properties associated with each gasoline ID.

Hour Defines the hour identifiers. HPMSRoadType Defines the 12 HPMS road type identifiers.

M6VClass Defines the 28 vehicle classes used in MOBILE 6. These are the valid combinations of M6Vtype and fuel.
M6VType Defines the fuel-independent vehicl e types used in MOBILE6.

NaturalGas Natural gas sulfur content associated with each natural gas ID.

PollutantCode Associates NIF pollutant c odes and pollutant names with PollutantCodeID used in other
tables.

SCC Associates with each SCCID an SCC code and description, and ratios for NH 3 , PM25, and for converting between HC forms.

SCCToxics SCC and fuel property-dependent ratios for calc ulating HAPs, dioxin/furans, and metals.

State Associates State names and abbreviations with State FIPS codes used in other tables.

VMTGrowth The annual VMT growth rate for a M6VClass by county and year.

VMTMonth
Allocation Factors for allocating annual VMT to the 12 months, by M6VType and HPMSRoadType,
used if there are no count y-specific values in CountyVMTMonthAllocation.



### 3.2.2 Onroad VMT

The NCD is populated with VMT data developed from information provided by the FHWA, as well as 2002 State-supplied VMT data grown to 2005. For 2005, a full VMT database developed from FHWA information at the county, roadway type, and vehicle type level of detail was first prepared. For States and local areas that submitted VMT data that were incorporated in the 2002 NEI, the 2002 NEI VMT data were grown to 2005 using growth factors developed from the FHWA data, and these grown VMT data replaced the baseline FHWA-based 2005 VMT data. Finally, the default 2005 VMT data were then replaced by State data where these data were supplied to EPA for the 2005 NEI effort. VMT data in the NCD is contained in the BaseYearVMT table. To use this table, the VM T data for a given county must contain recordsDecember 2008



### 30 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### for each of the 12 HPMS functional roadway types and the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes, for a total of 336 records in this table per county. The VMT data in the NMIM BaseYearVMT table

is annual data in units of millions of miles.

3.2.2.1 Annual

3.2.2.1.1 Data Sources Used to Develop VMT

The 2005 VMT database was developed using data supplied directly by FHW A and as well as publicly available data from FHWA’s Highway Statistics data series (FHWA, 2006). The FHWA data sets that were provided include the HPMS universe data, sample data, state data summaries for rural minor collector, rural local, and small urban local, and local daily VMT for urbanized areas (Rozycki, 2006). The Highway Statistics data used in the VMT development

include:

• Table VM-2, “Functional System Travel, Annual Vehicle-Miles,”

• Table VM-1, “Annual Vehicle Distance Traveled in Miles and Related Data by Highway Category and Vehicle Type,” and

• Table HM-71, “Urbanized Areas, Miles and Daily Vehicle-Miles of Travel.”

Table VM-2 contains State-level summaries of miles of annual travel in each State by functional system and by rural and urban areas. Rural VMT is provided on a state level for the six HPMS rural functional roadway types: interstate, other principal arterial, minor arterial, major collector, minor collector, and local. Urban VMT is provided on a state level for the six HPMS urban roadway types: interstate, other freeways and expressways, other principal arterial, minor arterial, collector, and local.

Table VM-1 provides annual VMT separated by rural and urban areas broken down into the following vehicle categories: passenger cars, motorcycles, buses, other 2-axle 4-tire vehicles, single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more trucks, and combination trucks.

From the HPMS data tables, Pechan extracted daily VMT by urban area (areas with a population of 50,000 or more) and State in each of the six HPMS urban functional roadway categories. The resulting data is similar to that in Table HM-71 from Highway Statistics with the exception that Table HM-71 does not break down multi-state urban areas into the portion in each state. Pechan also calculated the year-specific roadway mileage by county and each of the 12 HPMS functional roadway classes from the HPMS data sets provided by FHWA.

In addition to the FHWA data, the 2005 Census population estimates were used in developing the VMT database (USCB, 2006). The population f ile downloaded from this site was labeled “County population and estimated components of population change, all counties: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005.” The breakdown of population within a county by urban, rural, and small urban designation is only available from the decennial census. Thus, the population ratios of urban, small urban, and rural population to total county population are based on data from the 2000 Census, and are the same as those used in the 2002 NEI VMT development. These ratios areDecember 2008



### 31 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### multiplied by the year-specific county population data to estimate the urban, small urban, and rural populations in each county for 2005.

3.2.2.1.2 How Does EPA Estimate VMT?

The estim ation of VMT is done by first developing a VMT database from the FHWA data and then replacing the FHWA-based VMT with State-based VMT grown to 2005 for States and local areas that supplied VMT data used in the 2002 NEI. The development of the FHWA-based VMT starts with State-level VMT totals for each year from Highway Statistics Table VM-2. The State-level VMT are then allocated by county, road way type, and vehicle type. There are four basic steps in this process: (1) allocate state-level rural VMT by roadway type to county/roadway type level; (2) allocate large urban area VMT by roadway type to the county/roadway type level; (3) allocate remaining state-level small urban VMT by roadway type to the county/roadway type level; and (4) allocate county/roadway type level VMT to each of the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes for each county and roadway type combination. Each of these steps is described in more detail in the following sections, followed by a discussion of the procedure for growing the State-based VMT.

2002 Rural VMT Development

Rural Interstates

Rural interstate VMT is allocated from the State level to the county level based on rural interstate roadway mileage. To estimate county-level VMT on rural interstates, EPA calculated each county = s fraction of the State’s total rural interstate roadway mileage and then multiplied that fraction by the State = s 2005 rural interstate VMT total from Table VM-2. Equation 1 shows

this calculation.

VMT RI,C 

### = VMT RI,S 

### ∗ (MIL RI,C 

### / MIL RI,S 

### ) (Eq. 1)

where: VMT RI,C 

### = Rural interstate VMT in county C (calculated)

VMT RI,S 

### = Rural interstate VMT, State total ( Highway Statistics Table VM-2)

MIL RI,C 

### = Rural interstate mileage in county C (FHWA) MILRI,S = Rural interstate mileage, State total (FWHA)

Rural Local Roads

For the rural local roadway type, VMT was allocated from the State to the county level using rural population to determine the allocation fractions. The 2005 rural population was first estimated at the county level by multiplying the Census Bureau’s year-specific county-level population estimates by the ratio of each county’s rural population from the 2000 Census to its total rural plus urban 2000 population. The rural local VMT at the county level was then calculated by multiplying the State’s rural local VMT total by the ratio of a county’s rural population to the State’s rural population. The equation used for this calculation is the same as Equation 1, but with rural interstate mileage replaced by rural population.December 2008



### 32 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Other Rural Roadway Types

EPA allocated VMT for the remaining four rural roadway types (other principal arterials, minor arterials, major collectors, and minor collectors) from the State level to the county level using rural county population as the primary source of the VMT allocation. Additionally, VMT for a specific roadway type was distributed only to counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type, based on the roadway mileage file data from FHWA. Thus, rural population within a State was totaled individually for each of these four rural roadway types, including only population from counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type. Equation 2 shows the equation used to calculate county-level VMT on rural roadway types

other than rural interstates.

VMT RX,C 

### = VMT RX,S 

### ∗ (POP RX,C 

### / POP RX,S 

### ) (Eq. 2)

where: VMT RX,C 

### = VMT on rural roadtype X in county C (calculated)

VMT RX,S 

### = VMT on rural roadtype X, State total ( Highway Statistics Table VM-2)

POP R,C 

### = Rural population in county C with nonzero mileage from rural roadway type X (0 if zero mileage from rural roadway type X in county C) (Census)

POP R,S 

### = Rural population, State total of all counties with nonzero mileage from rural roadway type X (Census)

2002 Urban Area VMT Development

The procedure for developing urban area VMT at the county and road type level involves allocating the FHWA State/urban area VMT data to the county level using the Census data on urban area population by county as well as the FHWA roadway mileage data by county and road type. The FHWA urban area VMT data are in units of average daily miles. These data are first converted to millions of annual miles to be consistent with the Table VM-2 State-level data by multiplying the urban area VMT data by 365 and dividing by 1,000,000.

The urban area population contributed by each of the counties contained at least in part by the urban area is prepared only for the decennial cen suses. Therefore, fractions were calculated from the year 2000 population data of the ratio of the county population in each State/urban area combination to the total State/urban area population for each State/urban area. As shown in Equation 3, each county’s share of a State/urba n area’s VMT were calculated by distributing

urban area VMT from the HPMS State/urban area VMT data based on the fraction of the urban area’s population contained in a given county. As with the rural VMT allocations, VMT for a specific roadway type is distributed only to counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type, based on the HPMS roadway mileage data. Thus, the county-level State/urban population fractions are divided by the total State/urban area population fraction from counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type. For the urban local roadway category, VMT is distributed strictly by urban population, assuming that all counties with urban populations have mileage in the urban local roadway category.December 2008



### 33 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### VMT X,C 

### = VMT X,A 

### ∗ (POP X,C 

### / POP X,A 

### ) (Eq. 3)

where: VMT X,C 

### = State/urban area A = s VMT on roadway type X in county C (calculated)

VMT X,S 

### = Total of State/urban area A = s VMT on roadway type X (FHWA)

POP X,C 

### = State/urban area A = s population fraction in county C with nonzero mileage from urban roadway type X (Census)

POP X,A 

### = State/urban area A = s total population fraction from all counties with nonzero mileage from urban roadway type X (Census)

2002 Small Urban VMT Development

The urban VMT included in Table VM-2 of Highway Statistics 2002 accounts for VMT from both urban (population greater than 50,000) and small urban areas. Thus, small urban VMT is calculated by subtracting the urban VMT, calcula ted as discussed above, from the urban VMT totals in Table VM-2. First, the resultant annual VMT for urban areas was totaled by State and roadway type and was then subtracted from the total urban VMT by State and roadway type reported in Table VM-2. This calculation results in small urban VMT by State and roadway
type.

To allocate the small urban VMT to the county level, EPA first estimated the county-level population in small urban areas. The Census 2000 urban area population from Census-defined urban areas was totaled by county to determine the population in each county falling in the Census-defined urban areas. This population was then subtracted from the Census total urban population for each county in 2000. The small urban population fraction was then calculated for each county as the ratio of the county small urban county population to the total county population. These 2000 small urban population fractions by county were then multiplied by the 2005 county-level population to estimate 2005 small urban population. Finally, each county = s small urban population was calculated as a fraction of the total State’s small urban population to use in allocating the small urban VMT from the State to the county level.

As with the rural and urban VMT allocations, the small urban VMT for a specific roadway type was distributed only to counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type, based on the FHWA roadway mileage data. Thus, the county-level State/small urban population fractions are divided by the total State/sma ll urban population fraction from counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type. For the small urban local roadway category, VMT is distributed strictly by small urban population, assuming that all counties with small urban populations have mileage in the urban local roadway category. Equation 4 shows the equation used to calculate county-level VMT on small urban roadway types.December 2008



### 34 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### VMT SX,C 

### = VMT SX,S 

### ∗ (POP SX,C 

### / POP SX,S 

### ) (Eq. 4)

where: VMT SX,C 

### = VMT on small urban roadtype X in county C (calculated)

VMT SX,S 

### = VMT on small urban roadtype X, State total (obtained by subtracting large urban VMT from total urban VMT from Highway

Statistics Table VM-2)

POP SX,C 

### = Small urban population fraction in county C with nonzero mileage from urban roadway type X (Census data) (0 if zero mileage from urban roadway type X in county C)

POP SX,S 

### = State = s small urban population fraction total from all counties with nonzero mileage from urban roadway type X (Census data)

3.2.2.1.3 2002 VMT Allocation by Vehicle Type

In order to be com patible with the VMT data contained in the NMIM National County Database, the 2005 VMT must be allocated to the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types for each county and roadway type. This allocation was done for each year using the distribution of the VMT among the six HPMS vehicle types found in Table VM-1 of FHWA’s Highway Statistics for each year and a mapping of these HPMS vehicle categories to the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types. First, the VMT totals for each of the six HPMS vehicle categories (passenger cars, motorcycles, other 2-axle 4- tire vehicles, single unit 2-axle 6-tire or more trucks, combination trucks, and buses) were calculated as a fraction of the total VMT. This calculation was performed separately for five groups of roadway classes. The resulting 2005 HPMS VMT fractions for each roadway class group are shown in Table 3-9. Next, each of the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types was assigned to one of the 6 HPMS vehicle categories, as shown in Table 3-10. This table also provides mapping of MOBILE6 vehicle classes to the eight MOBILE5 vehicle classes and the 12 SCC-level vehicle categories. Using the default year-specific MOBILE6 VMT fractions presented in Table 3-11, the MOBILE6 VMT fractions for all of the MOBILE6 vehicle types within a given HPMS vehicle category were renormalized so that the total of the renormalized VMT fractions from all of the MOBILE6 vehicle types within an HPMS vehicle category would be 1. Then the HPMS VMT fractions for each roadway group were separately multiplied by the renormalized

MOBILE6 VMT fractions for all MOBILE6 vehi cle types included within a given HPMS vehicle category.

For example, Table 3-10 shows that the HPMS Passenger Car vehicle category includes the MOBILE6 LDGV and LDDV vehicle types. Therefore, the default 2005 MOBILE6 VMT fraction for LDGVs (0.415795 in 2005) was renormalized by dividing it by the sum of the LDGV and LDDV default 2005 MOBILE6 VMT fractions (0.416352 in 2005). This number (0.415795/0.416352 or 0.998662) was then multiplied by the HPMS VMT fraction for Passenger Cars (0.473242 for rural interstates). This resulted in a LDGV VMT fraction of 0.472608 and

LDDV VMT fraction of 0.000633 on rural interstates.December 200835Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2Table 3-9. HPMS 2005 VMT Fractions byRoad Types and Vehicle CategoriesRoad TypePassengerCars Motorcycles BusesOther 2-Axle 4-TireVehiclesSingleUnit 2-Axle6-Tire orMoreTrucksCombinationTrucksRural Interstate0.473242 0.005537 0.003750 0.317665 0.029980 0.169827Rural Other Principal ArterialRural Minor Arterial0.521711 0.003536 0.002409 0.371768 0.035350 0.065226Rural Major CollectorRural Minor CollectorRural Local0.548301 0.004271 0.004360 0.367183 0.038705 0.037180Urban Interstate 0.553440 0.004896 0.002055 0.354199 0.022367 0.063043Urban Other Freeways and ExpresswaysUrban Other Principal ArterialUrban Minor ArterialUrban CollectorUrban Local0.601088 0.002702 0.001412 0.352926 0.021652 0.020221December 2008



### 36 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-10. Mapping of HPMS Vehicle Categories to MOBILE6, MOBILE5, and
SCC-Level Vehicle Classes

HPMS Vehicle Category MOBILE6
Vehicle Classes SCC-Level
Vehicle Classes MOBILE5
Vehicle Classes
LDGV LDGV (2201001) LDGV Passenger Cars LDDV LDDV (2230001) LDDV Motorcycles MC MC (2201080) MC
LDGT1
LDGT2 LDGT1 (2201020) LDGT1

LDGT3
LDGT4 LDGT2 (2201040) LDGT2

LDDT12
LDDT34 LDDT (2230060) LDDT

HDGV2B HDGV (2201070) HDGV Other 2-Axle 4-Tire
Vehicles

HDDV2B 2BHDDV (2230071) HDDV
HDGV3
HDGV4
HDGV5
HDGV6
HDGV7 HDGV (2201070) HDGV

HDDV3
HDDV4
HDDV5 LHDDV (2230072) HDDV Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Tire or
More Trucks

HDDV6
HDDV7 MHDDV (2230073) HDDV

HDGV8A
HDGV8B HDGV (2201070) HDGV Combination Trucks

HDDV8A
HDDV8B HHDDV (2230074) HDDV

HDGB HDGV (2201070) HDGV Buses
HDDBT
HDDBS BUS (2230075) HDDVDecember 2008



### 37 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-11. VMT Fractions by MOBILE6 Vehicle Categories

VMT Fractions Vehicle

No. Vehicle Category 2003 2004 2005
1 LDGV 0.442395 0.428586 0.415795
2 LDGT1 0.073794 0.076069 0.078241
3 LDGT2 0.245658 0.253227 0.260463
4 LDGT3 0.075257 0.077564 0.079773
5 LDGT4 0.034606 0.035668 0.036686
6 HDGV2B 0.029423 0.029643 0.029718
7 HDGV3 0.001045 0.001050 0.001052
8 HDGV4 0.000479 0.000454 0.000430
9 HDGV5 0.001143 0.001130 0.001115
10 HDGV6 0.002447 0.002407 0.002365
11 HDGV7 0.001086 0.001042 0.001008
12 HDGV8A 0.000004 0.000003 0.000003
13 HDGV8B 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
14 LDDV 0.000660 0.000587 0.000557
15 LDDT12 0.000189 0.000186 0.000192
16 HDDV2B 0.009302 0.009273 0.009221
17 HDDV3 0.002798 0.002802 0.002797
18 HDDV4 0.002552 0.002619 0.002671
19 HDDV5 0.001156 0.001195 0.001226
20 HDDV6 0.006131 0.006245 0.006316
21 HDDV7 0.009045 0.009172 0.009229
22 HDDV8A 0.011058 0.011116 0.011128
23 HDDV8B 0.039409 0.039632 0.039694
24 MC 0.005918 0.005815 0.005745
25 HDGB 0.000440 0.000400 0.000336
26 HDDBT 0.000943 0.000939 0.000941
27 HDDBS 0.001511 0.001566 0.001631
28 LDDT34 0.001551 0.001609 0.001666



### Table 3-12 lists the resulting VMT fractions for 2005 for each of the MOBILE6 vehicle types and each of the five roadway groups from Table VM-1 of Highway Statistics . Finally, each of the VMT records in the 2005 VMT data base, at the state/county/roadway type level of detail was then multiplied by the fraction of VMT in each of the corresponding MOBILE6 vehicle type categories to obtain total annual VMT at the st ate/county/roadway type/MOBILE6 vehicle type

level.December 2008



### 38 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-12. Allocation of VMT fr om HPMS Vehicle Categories to
MOBILE6 Vehicle Classes for 2005

HPMS Vehicle Category MOBILE6
Vehicle
Classes Rural
Interstates Rural
Arterials Rural
Other Urban
Interstates Urban
Other
LDGV 0.472608 0.521013 0.546521 0.553338 0.600284 Passenger
Cars LDDV 0.000633 0.000698 0.000732 0.000741 0.000804 Motorcycles MC 0.005537 0.003536 0.004263 0.004901 0.002702
LDGT1 0.050114 0.058649 0.057815 0.055942 0.055676
LDGT2 0.166828 0.195241 0.192465 0.186229 0.185346
LDGT3 0.051095 0.059797 0.058947 0.057037 0.056767
LDGT4 0.023498 0.027500 0.027109 0.026230 0.026106
LDDT12 0.000123 0.000144 0.000142 0.000137 0.000137
LDDT34 0.001067 0.001249 0.001231 0.001191 0.001186
HDGV2B 0.019035 0.022276 0.021960 0.021248 0.021147 Other 2-Axle 4-
Tire Vehicles

HDDV2B 0.005906 0.006912 0.006814 0.006593 0.006562
HDGV3 0.001118 0.001318 0.001441 0.000835 0.000807
HDGV4 0.000457 0.000539 0.000589 0.000341 0.000330
HDGV5 0.001185 0.001397 0.001527 0.000885 0.000856
HDGV6 0.002513 0.002964 0.003239 0.001877 0.001815
HDGV7 0.001071 0.001263 0.001380 0.000800 0.000774
HDDV3 0.002973 0.003505 0.003830 0.002220 0.002147
HDDV4 0.002839 0.003347 0.003658 0.002120 0.002050
HDDV5 0.001303 0.001536 0.001679 0.000973 0.000941
HDDV6 0.006712 0.007915 0.008649 0.005014 0.004848 Single-Unit 2-
Axle 6-Tire or
More Trucks

HDDV7 0.009808 0.011565 0.012639 0.007326 0.007084
HDGV8A 0.000010 0.000004 0.000002 0.000004 0.000001
HDGV8B 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
HDDV8A 0.037183 0.014281 0.008125 0.013819 0.004427 Combination
Trucks

HDDV8B 0.132634 0.050941 0.028982 0.049293 0.015793
HDGB 0.000433 0.000278 0.000503 0.000238 0.000163
HDDBT 0.001214 0.000780 0.001408 0.000666 0.000457 Buses

HDDBS 0.002103 0.001351 0.004352 0.000000 0.000792

Total 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000



### 3.2.2.1.4 How Were 2002 State VMT Estimates Incorporated into the 2005 NEI?

For the final version of the 2002 NEI, a num ber of State and local agencies submitted 2002 VMT data that were accepted by EPA for incorporation into the NEI. Table 3-13 lists the States that submitted VMT. Unless a specific county is listed, VMT data were submitted for all counties. Otherwise, VMT data were submitted only for the county listed. For a complete description of procedures used to incorporate State-supplied VMT into the 2002 NEI, see EPA, 2007b. For these States and counties, the 2002 VMT data from the 2002 Final NEI, as contained in the 2002 NMIM National County Database (NCD20060201) Base Year VMT table, were projected to

2005.December 2008



### 39 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-13. List of States or Counties with State or Locally-Provided VMT in the 2002 NEI

State County

Alabama Arizona Maricopa County

Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut

Delaware
District of Columbia Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Iowa Kentucky Jefferson County

Maine Maryland

Massachusetts Michigan

Minnesota Mississippi

Missouri

Nebraska Lancaster County

Nevada New Jersey

New Mexico

New York
North Carolina Oregon Pennsylvania

Rhode Island
South Carolina

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia



### Pechan developed VMT growth factors based on the FHWA-based VMT data files developed as described above for 2005. A comparable file prepared earlier for 2002 was also used. The growth factors were calculated at the State, count y, vehicle type, and road type level of detail bydividing the year 2005 VMT value by the corresponding 2002 VMT value, all from the FHWAbased VMT databases. Next, each VMT value from the 2002 NMIM National County Database BaseYearVMT that was based on State or locally-provided data was multiplied by the corresponding growth factor at the state, county, road type, and MOBILE6 vehicle type level.December 2008



### 40 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### In cases where the growth factor was calculated to be 0, the 2002 NMIM NCD VMT was multiplied by a factor of 1. In cases where the growth factors are not equal to zero and the 2002 NMIM NCD VMT are equal to zero, the projected VMT values are reported as 0.

Table 3-14 provides sample data for projec ting 2002 State-provided VMT to 2005. The data presented in these tables are based on Kent County, Delaware, VMT data for vehicle categories LDGV, HDGV2B, and LDDT34.

3.2.2.1.5 How were 2005 State VMT Estimates Incorporated in the NEI

For the 2005 NEI, 2005 VMT data were subm itted in several different formats. Several States submitted VMT data in the NMIM BaseYearVMT table format. Others supplied VMT at the 8 or 12 vehicle type level. Therefore, EPA deve loped procedures to expand all of the VMT data to the 28 vehicle type and 12 roadway type level of detail. The procedures followed to expand the VMT for all of these States to the 28 vehicle type level and 12 roadway type level are

discussed below.

Expanding State/Local VMT to the 28 Vehicle Classes

In nearly all cases the vehicle class information available from measurements of VMT, such as those obtained from the HPMS or State department s of transportation, are not as detailed as used by NMIM. The vehicle classifications used in NMIM are the same as used in the MOBILE6 output (see Table 3-5b).

EPA guidance (“Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6 for Emission Inventory Preparation,” January 2002, Section 4.1 (EPA, 2002a)) allows the use of the VMT distribution calculated by MOBILE6 to be used to disaggregate local VMT information into more disaggregate vehicle classifications. Howeve r, the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes must be mapped unambiguously to the more aggregate eight MOBILE5 or 12 SCC level vehicle types. Table 3-15 shows the mapping of the MOBILE6 classe s to the eight or 12 vehicle classifications.December 200841Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2Table 3-14. Calculation and Application of 2002 to 2005 Growth Factors for an Example CountyFHWA VMTStateCountyClassNo. Road TypeMOBILE6VehicleType2002 2005NMIMCountyDatabase2002 VMTGrowthFactorsProjectedState –providedVMTDE Kent County 11 Rural InterstateLDDT34 0.0000 0.0000 0.0608 0.0000 0.0608DE Kent County 13 Rural Other PrincipalArterial LDDT34 0.5696 0.4891 1.0873 0.8587 0.9337DE Kent County 15 Rural Minor ArterialLDDT34 0.1593 0.1185 0.2511 0.7439 0.1868DE Kent County 17 Rural Major CollectorLDDT34 0.2460 0.2242 0.3925 0.9114 0.3577DE Kent County 19 Rural Minor CollectorLDDT34 0.0399 0.0412 0.0199 1.0326 0.0205DE Kent County 21 Rural LocalLDDT34 0.2206 0.1549 0.0711 0.7022 0.0499DE Kent County 23 Urban InterstateLDDT34 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000DE Kent County 25 Urban Other Freeways andExpressway LDDT34 0.0987 0.1209 0.1286 1.2249 0.1575DE Kent County 27 Urban Other PrincipalArterial LDDT34 0.1071 0.3001 0.1464 2.8021 0.4102DE Kent County 29 Urban Minor ArterialLDDT34 0.2164 0.3876 0.2439 1.7911 0.4368DE Kent County 31 Urban CollectorLDDT34 0.1237 0.1711 0.0765 1.3832 0.1058DE Kent County 33 Urban LocalLDDT34 0.0995 0.2451 0.0054 2.4633 0.0133December 2008



### 42 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-15. Mapping of MOBI LE6 to MOBILE5 Vehicle Classes

MOBILE5 8
Vehicle Classes SCC-Level 12 Vehicle
Classes MOBILE6
Vehicle Class MOBILE6 Vehicle
Class Code

LDGV LDGV (2201001) LDGV 1

LDGT1 2 LDGT1 LDGT1 (2201020)

LDGT2 3

LDGT3 4 LDGT2 LDGT2 (2201040)

LDGT4 5

HDGV2B 6

HDGV3 7

HDGV4 8

HDGV5 9

HDGV6 10

HDGV7 11

HDGV8A 12

HDGV8B 13 HDGV HDGV (2201070)

HDGB 25

MC MC (2201080) MC 24

LDDV LDDV (2230001) LDDV 14

LDDT12 15 LDDT LDDT (2230060)

LDDT34 28 2BHDDV (2230071) HDDV2B 16

HDDV3 17

HDDV4 18 LHDDV (2230072)

HDDV5 19

HDDV6 20 MHDDV (2230073)

HDDV7 21

HDDV8A 22 HHDDV (2230074)

HDDV8B 23

HDDBT 26 HDDV

BUS (2230075)

HDDBS 27



### Next, the fractions of each MOBILE5 or SCC-le vel vehicle type represented by each MOBILE6 class is calculated. For clarity, the calculated fractions are referred to here as “factors” and the original VMT fractions as “fractions.” This factor is the MOBILE6 VMT fraction divided by the sum of all MOBILE6 VMT fractions which are mapped into that MOBILE5 or SCC-level vehicle type to which the each MOBILE6 VMT fraction belongs. For example, the representing factor for LDGV, LDDV and MC are one, sin ce there is only one MOBILE6 vehicle class (themselves) in the corresponding MOBILE5 class in which they belong. The MOBILE6 LDGT1 fraction would be divided by the sum of the MOBILE6 LDGT1 and LDGT2 fractions, which both belong to the MOBILE5 LDGT1 category to give the LDGT1 factor. Each MOBILE6 class fraction mapped to the MOBI LE5 HDDV category would be divided by the sum of the MOBILE6 fractions from all ten of the classes mapped to that MOBILE5 category. When completed, there will be 28 factors. The value of the sum of the factors within each MOBILE5 category will be one, when starting with data at the 8 MOBILE5 vehicle class level.

The factors are applied to the eight VMT values corresponding to each of the eight MOBILE5 vehicle classifications or to the 12 VMT values corresponding the each of the 12 SCC-levelDecember 2008



### 43 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### vehicle classifications. This divides the VMT in each of the MOBILE5 or SCC-level classes to the MOBILE6 classes that make it up. When completed, the total VMT sum of all 28 vehicle classes will be the same as the total VMT sum from the original eight VMT values.

Expanding State/Local VMT by Roadway Type

As mentioned above, several State or local agencies supplied VMT data that was not allocated by roadway type. In these cases, EPA relied on the VMT data from the 2005 NEI Version 1 to allocate the VMT by roadway type to develop ratios of VMT by roadway type for each county and vehicle type. These ratios were then used to allocate the VMT data developed as discussed above to the 12 roadway types.

3.2.2.2 Monthly Allocation

The table CountyVMTMonthAllocation within th e NCD provides the ability to supply NMIM

with m onthly temporal allocation factors. If these data are supplied, the allocation factors must be specified by the 28 vehicle types, 12 roadway t ypes, and for each month of the year. State or local data were supplied by Delaware, Maryland, Minnesota, Utah, and Washington for these monthly temporal allocation factors. In some cases, the data supplied by the State agencies was replicated by EPA to include the appropriate coverage in NMIM. For example, if a State supplied monthly temporal allocation factors with corresponding county, road type, and month codes, but no vehicle type codes, the monthly factor s were replicated so that the same data would be provided for each vehicle type corresponding to the county, road type, and month provided by

the State.

The table CountyVMTMonthAllocation within the NCD contains the NMIM default values for the monthly temporal allocation factors. Annual VMT data are temporally allocated to months within the NMIM code using defaults if no data are included in the NMIM CountyVMTMonthAllocation table. EPA uses seasonal 1985 National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) temporal allocation factors (EPA, 1990) to apportion the VMT to the four seasons. Monthly VMT data are then obtained by using a ratio between the number of days in a month and the number of days in the corresponding season. These temporal factors are

shown in Table 3-16.December 200844Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National EmissionsInventory, Version 2Table 3-16. NMIM Default VMT Seasonaland Monthly Temporal Allocation FactorsRoadwaySeasonal VMT FactorsVehicle TypeTypeWinterSpringSummerFallLDV, LDT, MCRural0.21600.23900.28900.2560LDV, LDT, MCUrban0.23400.25500.26500.2450HDVAll0.25000.25000.25000.2500Monthly VMT FactorsVehicle TypeRoadwayTypeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecLDV, LDT, MCRural7.446.728.057.798.059.429.749.758.448.728.447.44LDV, LDT, MCUrban8.067.288.68.338.68.658.948.948.098.368.098.06HDVAll8.627.788.428.158.428.158.428.428.248.528.248.62December 2008



### 45 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### 3.2.3 Fuel Properties

NMIM contains average gasoline, diesel and natural gas fuel properties for each m onth of calendar year 2005. Each county may have different fuel properties from other counties in the State, as reflected in the CountyYearMonth table of the NCD. For Version 2 of the 2005 NEI, several States provided information to update fuel properties for their counties.

3.2.3.1 Gasoline

The sam e gasoline fuel properties are used for both onroad and nonroad inventories. The fuel properties stored in the Gasoline table include:

$ Average RVP

$ Average sulfur content

$ Maximum sulfur content

$ RVP waiver flag indicating whether a waiver has been granted to allow splash blending of alcohol-based oxygenates that allows alcohol-based oxygenated fuels to exceed the RVP requirements by up to 1 pound per square inch (psi)

$ Ethanol (ETOH) percent (by volum e) of ethanol blended gasolines

$ Ethanol blend market share

$ MTBE (percent (by volume) of ether blended gasolines

$ MTBE blend market share

$ ETBE (Ethyl Tertiary Butyl Ether) percent (by volume) of ether blended gasolines

$ ETBE blend market share

$ TAME (Tertiary Amyl Methyl Ether) percent (by volume) of ether blended gasolines

$ TAME blend market share

$ Aromatic content

$ Olefin content

$ Benzene content

$ E200 (vapor percentage of gasoline at 200 degrees Fahrenheit)

$ E300 (vapor percentage of gasoline at 300 degrees Fahrenheit)

$ Reformulated gasoline (RFG) flag

For the 2005 NEI Version 1, the gasoline properties were derived from several surveys including:

$ EPA = s “2005 Reformulated Gasoline Properties Survey Data” (EPA, 2005a)

$ 2005 Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers (AAM) survey (AAM, 2005)

$ EPA = s “Reformulated Gasoline and Anti-Dumping Regulation Batch Reports” (EPA, 2005b)

$ U.S. DOE’s Energy Information Administration’s Petroleum Supply Annual 2005 (DOE, 2005)

The fuel properties of gasoline are currently being measured regularly in national surveys in both summer and winter. There are also studies that track the total amount of ethanol produced forDecember 2008



### 46 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### use in gasoline each year. The properties of Reformulated Gasoline sold in areas which are federally required to have them are measured each year. In addition, the fuel properties of all gasoline produced and imported by refineries are reported annually to EPA. This information can be used to estimate the expected average gasoline properties in a given historical calendar year. Using this information combined with information about the distribution of gasoline to and from Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts (PADDs) in combination with the city specific surveys, the average gasoline properties in each county can be estimated.

Details of how the fuel survey data were applied to individual States and counties are described in the report, “Process for Utilizing Survey Data to Determine County Specific Gasoline Properties” (EPA, 2008).

For the 2005 NEI, changes were made to gasoline IDs in some of the counties in the following

States:

• Maine (FIPSStateID=23)

• Maryland (24)

• Michigan (26)

• Wisconsin (55)

Below is a brief description of the changes in the fuel specifications provided by States for the

2005 NEI.

Maine (23)

Gasoline formulations were updated for all six gasoline descriptions used in the state of Maine. A couple of month-specific RVP changes were made, and parameters used for air toxics modeling were changed. These changes were made based on information from a report entitled, “2005 Maine Fuels Report and Status of MTBE Ban Report.”

Maryland (24)

Gasoline formulations for both onroad and nonroad engines were updated based on data provided by Maryland for counties in RFG areas. This change affected gasoline properties for 14 counties in the State. In addition, diesel sulfur levels for onroad engines were updated for all counties using existing diesel fuel profiles and eight additional profiles added by Maryland (see discussion of diesel sulfur defaults in Section 3.2.3.2).

Michigan (26)

Gasoline formulations for nonroad engines were updated based on data provided by Michigan

for all counties.December 2008



### 47 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Wisconsin (55)

Gasoline formulations for nonroad engines were revised for all counties in the State. For the six counties with RFG programs (Kenosha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Washington and Waukesha Counties), May through October RVP values were updated. In addition, year-round values for gasoline sulfur, ETOH, Aromatic Content, Olefin Content, Benzene Content, E200 and E300 were revised. For all other counties in Wisconsin, these same values were updated, in addition to the presumed market share for ETOH and MTBE.

3.2.3.2 Diesel and Natural Gas

For diesel fuel and natural gas, the only fuel property stored is sulfur content, in the Diesel and Natural Gas tables of the NCD, respectively.

3.2.3.2.1 Diesel Sulfur Contents for Onroad Vehicles

For the final 2002 NEI, OTAQ developed diesel sulfur content values for each State based on 2000 January and July diesel fuel sulfur content data obtained for a num ber of survey cities from the AAMA fuel surveys done each calendar year in the January and July (AAM, 2002). The

same values were used for 2005.

The January sulfur data were applied in the winter months (December, January, and February) and the July sulfur data were applied in the summer months (June, July, and August). For the remaining months, the average of the January and July sulfur content values were applied. Table 3-17 lists the diesel fuel survey cities and the 2000 winter and summer diesel sulfur values obtained for these cities, along with the spring and fall sulfur values calculated from the winter

and summer data.

The method for mapping fuel values follows the basic procedure that EPA developed for allocating RVP that is described in previous Trends/NEI report (EPA, 2004a). The method is based on assigning a single set of monthly fuel sulf ur data to each State, either from a single survey city which represents the State or from the weighted average of nearby cities. The same set of fuel values for the State is then assigned to every county in the State in the NCD.

Table 3-18 shows the weighting from each of the survey cities in a given State. Note that the diesel fuel survey includes fewer cities than the Alliance gasoline surveys. Thus, there are several surrogate city assignments from the original RVP work that have no matching surveyed city in the diesel sulfur data. In these cases, the average values from all of the surveyed cities

were used. These values are shown in Table 3-17 in the row labeled A Average US. @

For example, Table 3-18 shows that two of the survey cities would be mapped to Alabama--city 2 (Atlanta) gets a weight of 3 and city 16 (Ave rage U.S.) gets a weight of 1. Therefore,

Alabama = s diesel sulfur would be calculated by the following equation:

((3 * Atlanta diesel sulfur content) + (1 * Average US diesel sulfur content))/(3+1)December 2008



### 48 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-17. Survey Cities and 2000 Diesel Sulfur Values

2000 Diesel Fuel Sulfur Content (ppm) Survey City Index Survey City Winter Summer Fall and Spring

1 Albuquerque, NM 330 300 315

2 Atlanta, GA 340 400 370

4 Billings, MT 330 300 315

5 Boston, MA 340 400 370

6 Chicago, IL 350 400 375

7 Cleveland, OH 320 300 310

9 Denver, CO 360 400 380

10 Detroit, MI 350 400 375

11 Kansas City, MO 370 400 385

13 Los Angeles, CA 120 100 110

14 Miami, FL 360 400 380

15 Minneapolis/St. Paul 290 300 295

17 New York City , NY 340 300 320

18 Philadelphia, PA 280 300 290

21 San Antonio, TX 400 300 350

23 Seattle, WA 300 300 300

24 St. Louis, MO 320 300 310

All others Average US 324 329 326



### Table 3-18. City Mapping and Weights for Diesel Sulfur

State
Abbreviation State FIPS City Index Weight

AL 1 2 3

AL 1 16 1

AK 2 26 2

AZ 4 19 1

AR 5 24 1

CA 6 13 5

CO 8 9 5

CT 9 5 2

CT 9 17 1

DE 10 18 2

DC 11 25 1

FL 12 14 3

GA 13 2 2

HI 15 27 1

ID 16 4 1

ID 16 23 1

IL 17 6 1December 2008



### 49 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 State
Abbreviation State FIPS City Index Weight

IL 17 24 1

IL 17 24 1

IN 18 6 1

IN 18 7 7

IA 19 15 1

KS 20 11 1

KY 21 2 1

KY 21 6 1

KY 21 7 6

KY 21 24 1

KY 21 28 1

LA 22 16 3

ME 23 5 6

ME 23 28 1

MD 24 18 2

MD 24 25 2

MA 25 5 5

MI 26 10 4

MN 27 15 2

MS 28 24 1

MO 29 11 1

MO 29 24 1

MT 30 4 2

NE 31 11 1

NE 31 15 1

NV 32 12 1

NV 32 22 1

NH 33 5 3

NJ 34 17 1

NJ 34 18 2

NJ 34 28 1

NM 35 1 1

NY 36 17 2

NY 36 28 7

NC 37 2 5

ND 38 15 1

OH 39 7 10

OH 39 10 1

OH 39 28 1

OK 40 11 1

OK 40 24 1

OR 41 22 2December 2008



### 50 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 State
Abbreviation State FIPS City Index Weight

OR 41 23 2

PA 42 7 2

PA 42 18 2

PA 42 28 8

RI 44 5 1

SC 45 2 5

SD 46 15 1

TN 47 2 4

TN 47 24 1

TX 48 1 1

TX 48 16 2

TX 48 16 2

TX 48 21 1

UT 49 9 2

VT 50 15 1

VA 51 2 2

VA 51 25 3

WA 53 23 4

WV 54 7 4

WV 54 28 3

WI 55 6 4

WI 55 15 7

WY 56 4 1

WY 56 9 1

PR 72 14 1

VI 78 14 1



### The weight numbers were originally determined based on a list that OTAQ derived which mapped Alliance survey cities to each non-attainment area in the country, as well as some additional metropolitan areas. The weight for a given survey city was determined by adding up the number of areas in the State that had that survey city mapped to it.

3.2.3.2.2 Diesel Sulfur Contents for Nonroad Vehicles

For nonroad engines, the version of NMIM used for the 2005 NEI reflects a difference in the sulfur content of diesel fuel used by recreational m arine engines compared to the sulfur content of diesel fuel used by other nonroad engines in the county. For California, a 120 ppm diesel sulfur content, much lower than the national average, was assumed for nonroad engines in all counties. Diesel sulfur values by category and by State are listed in Table 3-19. These values are based on the regulatory impact analyses performed for the Clean Air Diesel Rule (EPA, 2004b).December 2008



### 51 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-19. Nonroad Diesel Sulfur Levels by Category and by State

State Land-Based Diesel Equipment Fuel Sulfur Level,

ppm Recreational Marine Diesel Equipment Fuel Sulfur Level,

ppm

Alaska 2570 2570

California 120 120

Hawaii 2381 2421

All Other States 2457 2765



### 3.2.3.2.3 Natural Gas Sulfur Content

The sulfur content of natural gas was assum ed to be 30 ppm in both Version 1 and 2 of the 2005

NEI inventories.

3.2.4 Environmental Data

Environm ental data are the parameters that affect emissions which are a property of the environment in which the source is operated. The environmental parameters used in the modeling of mobile sources are ambient temperature, humidity and altitude.

3.2.4.1 Temperature and Humidity

MOBILE6 allows daily temperatures to be supplied as either minimum and maximum temperatures (as in MOBILE5) or as hourly average temperatures. However, since MOBILE6 calculates emissions separately for each hour of the day, user supplied minimum and maximum temperatures are used to internally derive hourly temperatures, using a default diurnal temperature profile, for use by MOBILE6. MOBILE6 also allows the entry of hourly relative humidity levels. The NO

x 

### emission results from MOBILE6 are sensitive to humidity levels, and hourly humidity levels are the most accurate way to represent daily humidity. Therefore, NMIM requires that each county have both hourly average temperatures and hourly relative humidity values for each month of the year. Temperature and relative humidity are linked, since the value of relative humidity is in units of percent, which depends on the temperature. The NCD contains a full set of default hourly average temperatures and hourly relative humidity values for each county for each month. These temperature and humidity values were derived from raw measurement data obtained from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). The NC DC data were obtained from stations of all classifications, including First-Order (National Weather Service), Second-Order (both Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) and Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS)), and cooperative (local).December 2008



### 52 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Population centroids (latitude and longitude) fo r each county were obtained from the 2000 U.S. Census. Population, rather than geographic, centroids were used to provide a reasonable estimate of where the county = s vehicle miles traveled and nonroad activity would be concentrated. From each county = s centroid, EPA calculated the distance and direction to each weather station. The distance was computed usi ng the standard great circle navigation method and the constant course direction was computed using the standard rhumb line method. A rhumb line is a line on a sphere that cuts all meridians at the same angle; for example, the path taken by a ship or plane that maintains a constant compass direction. For each of the eight compass directions (octant), the stations were sorted by distance. The station closest to the centroid for each octant was chosen for further processing. If the closest station was more than 200 miles away, that octant was ignored. (Such situations occurred near the oceans and the along the Canadian and Mexican borders.) The temperatur es from these eight (or fewer) stations were then averaged together using inverse-distance weighting to produce an average county temperature for each hour of the day.

Relative humidity is a calculated value that depends on both temperature and dew point. Average hourly dew points were computed employing the same octal search, inverse-distance weighting scheme as used for temperature. The relative humidity was then computed from the resulting hourly temperature and dew point pairs.

The daily temperature and dew point averages for each hour were then used to calculate adjusted monthly averages for each hour. Because minimum and maximum temperatures occur at different hours each day, the minimum of the hourly averages will be higher than the average of the daily minima, and the daily maximum of the hourly averages will be lower than the average of the daily maxima.

To avoid this narrowing of the daily temperature range, the monthly average of hourly temperatures was assumed to capture the daily temporal pattern and was mathematically stretched so that the low temperature equaled the monthly average of the daily minima and the high temperature equals the monthly average of the daily maxima, producing a set of monthly average hourly temperatures consistent with the maximum and minimum values. Not all stations record hourly temperature values, so the subset of the stations which do record hourly temperatures was used to determine the initial average temperatures in each hour for each month. The same procedure was applied to the dewpoint values. An adjusted monthly average hourly relative humidity was then calculated from the adjusted monthly average hourly temperatures and dewpoints.

The stretching algorithm used to produce the adjusted hourly temperatures and dewpoints using the maximum, minimum and hourly values is shown here:

T = MinT + (t-mint)* [ (MaxT-MinT)/(maxt-mint) ]

D = MinD + (d-mind)* [ (MaxD-MinD)/(maxd-mind) ]December 2008



### 53 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### where: T = The adjusted monthly average temperature for an hour in a month. t = The average temperature for an hour in the month calculated from the hourly point measurements taken at a fixed time each hour at

some stations. MaxT = The monthly average daily maximum temperature using all daily maximum (peak) temperature reading from all stations. MinT = The monthly average daily minimum temperature using all daily minimum (peak) temperature reading from all stations. maxt = The maximum monthly average hourly temperature calculated from the maximum hourly point measurements taken at a fixed

time each hour at some stations. mint = The minimum monthly average hourly temperature calculated from the minimum hourly point measurements taken at a fixed

time each hour at some stations. D = The adjusted monthly average dewpoint for an hour in a month. d = The average dewpoint for an hour in the month. MaxD = The monthly average daily maximum dewpoint. MinD = The monthly average daily minimum dewpoint. maxd = The maximum monthly average hourly dewpoint. mind = The minimum monthly average hourly dewpoint.

The determination of the default NMIM temperature and relative humidity values is discussed in more detail in the report, “Derivation of By-Month, By-County, By-Hour Temperature and Relative Humidity with Monthly Data,” by Air Improvement Resources, Inc. (AIR, 2004).

EPA is confident that in most cases the default temperature and humidity values calculated from the NCDC data will be the best values to use in the inventory calculations for each county. However, EPA recognizes that there are circumstances under which these generic methods may not provide the best estimate of temperature and humidity values for a county. These

circumstances include:

$ The use of more local temperature and humidity measurements that are not provided to the NCDC.

$ Physical characteristics of the county (such as sea shores, valleys and sudden changes in altitude) which make the centroid interpolation methodology used by EPA inappropriate.

In these cases, temperature and humidity values determined by S/L/T agencies may provide better estimates of temperatures and humidity values. For the 2005 NEI, EPA incorporated temperature and humidity data submitted by Utah for all counties in the State.December 2008



### 54 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### 3.2.4.2 Altitude and Barometric Pressure

MOBILE6 can calculate separate em ission rates for high- and low-altitude regions. Low-altitude emission factors are based on conditions representative of approximately 500 feet above mean sea level. High-altitude factors are based on conditions representative of approximately 5,500 feet above mean sea level. When high-altitude region emission factors are requested, MOBILE6 also includes vehicles that were built to meet specific high-altitude emission standards. The NCD contains an indication for each county as to whether the county should be modeled as a high altitude area. The NCD assumes that all counties in Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico and Utah (except Washington County) are high altitude areas.

When relative humidity inputs are used in MOBILE6, the user supplied relative humidity values are converted to absolute humidity for use in adjustment equations. This conversion requires values of temperature and barometric pressure. The barometric pressure is provided as a single value in inches of mercury, with valid values between 13.0 and 33.0 inches of mercury. The NCD has a barometric pressure value for each county.

The average barometric pressure value for each county was calculated for calendar year 2005 using the same octal-search, inverse-distance-squared scheme used to estimate the temperature values (see Section 3.2.4.1). All available NCDC stations were used, which included 1st and 2nd Order, AWOS, and ASOS stations. All barome tric values averaged were station (actual) pressures, NOT sea level adjusted pressures. In mountainous terrain, the station pressure can vary considerably over relatively short distances due to elevation variations. Therefore, the values supplied should be used with caution in those areas.

3.2.5 Nonroad-Specific Parameters

Tem perature and fuel parameters are shared by the onroad and nonroad inventory estimates and are addressed in sections 3.2.3 and 3.2.4. However, the NCD also contains fields that may be populated with the file names of external data files containing State or county data specific to nonroad. If alternate data files are not provided, NMIM uses the default NONROAD model data
files. The NONROAD external data files include:

$ Activity rates (including annual hours of use and load factor)

$ Temporal (monthly and daily) allocations

$ Source populations.

$ Growth indexes

$ Geographic allocations by equipment category

Many of the nonroad specific parameters are contained in the NONROAD model itself as defaults. These values may change with different versions. The 2005 NEI used the NR05c Bond Base version of NONROAD. Default values are used for nonroad specific parameters in the 2005 NEI, except where changes were submitted by S/L/T agencies. Table 3-20 details the changes provided by S/L/T agencies for use in NMIM for the final 2002 NEI. All of these external files were also used for the 2005 NEI cycle.December 2008



### 55 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table 3-20. Nonroad Specific Parameters Provided by State

State Description File Type
Colorado Oil production equipment allocations. oil

Delaware Airport equipment allocations. air

Delaware Golf equipment allocati ons. gc Delaware Household allocations. hou

Delaware Logging equipment allocations. log

Delaware Source populations. pop Delaware Recreational vehicle park allocations. rvp Illinois Nonroad activity act
Illinois Growth rates. grw Illinois Source populations. pop Illinois Seasonal allocations. sea Illinois Inboard watercraft allocations. wib

Illinois Outboard watercraft allocations. wob

Indiana Nonroad activity act
Indiana Growth rates. grw Indiana Source populations. pop Indiana Seasonal allocations. sea Indiana Inboard watercraft allocations. wib

Indiana Outboard watercraft allocations. wob

Iowa Nonroad activity act
Iowa Source populations. pop Iowa Seasonal allocations. sea Iowa Inboard watercraft allocations. wib

Iowa Outboard watercraft allocations. wob Michigan Nonroad activity act Michigan Growth rates. grw Michigan Source populations. pop Michigan Seasonal allocations. sea Michigan Inboard watercraft allocations. wib Michigan Outboard watercraft allocations. wob Minnesota Nonroad activity act
Minnesota Growth rates. grw Minnesota Seasonal allocations. sea Minnesota Snowmobile allocations. snm Minnesota Inboard watercraft allocations. wib
Minnesota Outboard watercraft allocations. wob
Ohio Nonroad activity act
Ohio Growth rates. grw Ohio Source populations. pop Ohio Seasonal allocations. sea Ohio Inboard watercraft allocations. wib
Ohio Outboard watercraft alloca tions. wob Rhode Island Source populations. pop Washington Inboard watercraft allocations. wib Washington Outboard watercraft allocations. wob

Wisconsin Nonroad activity act
Wisconsin Growth rates. grw Wisconsin Source populations. pop Wisconsin Seasonal allocations. sea Wisconsin Inboard watercraft allocations. wib

Wisconsin Outboard watercraft allocations. wobDecember 2008



### 56 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### 3.2.6 Onroad Local Emission Control Programs

The following sections discuss several different onroad control programs that are modeled in MOBILE6/NMIM. These include inspection and maintenance, anti-tampering, low emitting vehicle, and refueling emission control (i.e., St age II) programs. Note that any inputs provided by States for the 2002 NEI for these programs would also be modeled for the 2005 NEI. Several States submitted new or updated data for 2005, and these data are reflected as well.

3.2.6.1 Inspection and Maintenance Programs

MOBILE6 and NMIM account for local periodic inspection program s to identify and repair vehicles in need of emission related repairs, typically known as inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs. State and local agencies ma y supply an improved description of their I/M program. See Section 6.0 of the report, A Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation @ for a discussion of I/M programs (EPA, 2004c).

MOBILE6 allows the description of the I/M program to be stored in an external ASCII text file, rather than included in the input command file, using the I/M DESC FILE command. I/M programs may require additional external data f iles which contain emission cutpoints used for IM240 tailpipe emission inspections. NMIM uses these files in the same format as used by MOBILE6. For the 2005 final NEI, the I/M program data submitted by State or local agencies to reflect improvements to I/M programs are listed in Table A-1 of Appendix A to this document.

3.2.6.2 Anti-Tampering Programs

Anti-tam pering programs may be implemented by St ates or local areas, which involve periodic inspections to visually identify and repair vehicles with disabled emission control systems. Where they exist, MOBILE6 and the NCD account for these local programs. Section 6.12 of the
report, A Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation @ also discusses anti-tampering programs (EPA, 2004c).

Anti-tampering program information is pr ovided to MOBILE6 using the ANTI-TAMP PROG command. NMIM uses this information in the same format as used by MOBILE6, however, it is stored in an external ASCII text file, rather than included in the input command file. The external ASCII file may also contain comment r ecords that comply with MOBILE6 rules. One or more counties in the following States were modeled with an anti-tampering program in the 2005 NEI: Arizona, Delaware, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and Virginia. Table A-2 presents the counties for which anti-tampering program information was provided.December 2008



### 57 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### 3.2.6.3 Low Emitting Vehicle Programs

MOBILE6 already accounts for the federal national LEV program as part of the federal motor vehicle emission compliance program. Some States have implemented an accelerated phase in for LEV vehicles, and these local programs are accounted for in the NCD. State and local agencies may supply an accelerated phase in for LEV vehicles or information to reflect improvements to their programs. Section 7.4.1 of the report, “Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation” addresses phase in for LEV vehicles (EPA, 2004c).

The phase in for LEV vehicles is provided to MOBILE6 using an external ASCII text file using the 94+ LDG IMP command. NMIM uses this file in the same format as used by MOBILE6. For the final 2002 NEI, no State or local agencies submitted additional information to reflect an alternate phase in for LEV vehicles.

3.2.6.4 Refueling Emission Control Programs

Stage II Gasoline Distribution encom passes the refueling of a vehicle at a gasoline service station. According to the Clean Air Act, Section 182, areas with ozone nonattainment classifications greater than Moderate were required to install vapor recovery systems at these service stations. If installed and inspected annually, a minimum of 86 percent reduction can be applied to estimated emissions using uncontrolled emission factors. The default emissions percentage is from the Control Techniques Guidance for Stage II Vapor Recovery (EPA, 1991).

A list of counties with this regulation imposed were identified for the 1999 NEI via a literature search, and is found in Table E-2 of Appendix E of the “Documentation for the Final 1999 Nonpoint Area Source National Emission Inventory for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Version 3)” (EPA, 2003d). This list was used as the basis for the list of counties used for the 2002 NEI. A copy of the list was sent to each of the ten EPA Regional offices for verification. The changes suggested by the EPA Regions are listed below.

1. Add all Vermont counties. 2. Remove Shelby County (TN). 3. Remove Kent and Queen Anne’s Counties (MD). 4. Add Berks County (PA).

5. Remove all Colorado counties.

6. Remove all Utah counties. 7. Remove Maricopa County (AZ). 8. Remove Amador, Calaveras, Colusa, Del Norte, Humboldt, Lake, Lassen, Mariposa, Mendocino, Modoc, Siskiyou, Tehama and Trinity Counties (CA). 9. Remove Thurston County (WA). 10. Add Kitsap, King and Snohomish Counties (WA). 11. Add Clackamas, Multnomah and Washington Counties (OR).

While compiling the list of applicable counties for the 1999 NEI, 14 States listed vapor recovery emission reduction percentages in their State regulations greater than the default value. NewDecember 2008



### 58 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### York provided a 90 percent reduction for ten counties, while the remaining 13 States provided a 95 percent reduction for 153 counties. The remaining 116 counties that have Stage II controls either listed 86 percent as their reduction percentage or did not provide a reduction percentage (in which case the 86 percent reduction was used as a default). New Jersey provided revisions to the 86 percent reduction effectiveness for the 2002 final NEI of 62 percent and 77 percent, respectively. All of the counties added for the 2002 NEI assume 86 percent effectiveness, unless other counties in that State already exist and have effectiveness values greater than 86 percent. In these cases, the added counties take on the effectiveness of the other counties in the State. For purposes of MOBILE6 modeling of Stage II controls, all counties were assumed to be completely phased in by calendar year 2002 and that the effectiveness for Stage II was the same for gasoline fueled light duty and heavy duty vehicles. For the 2005 NEI, only the State of Maine provided revisions to the Stage II effectiveness for Cumberland, Sagadahoc, and York

counties. Note that different effectiveness va lues were provided for light duty and heavy duty

vehicles.

Table A-3 of Appendix A lists the resulting 274 counties with their assumed effectiveness (refueling vapor loss emission reduction) values as used in the 2005 NEI.

3.2.7 Onroad Fleet and Activity

Fleet and activity data refer to those param eters in the model which describe the type of vehicles assumed in the fleet and their use by vehicle owners which impacts the calculation of emissions from these sources. References to MOBILE6 in this section apply to NMIM as well, since MOBILE6 is the underlying model in NMIM for onroad sources. Most of the onroad fleet and activity information used in the NEI inventory are in the format specified by MOBILE6.

There are default values for all of the fleet and activity parameters in the MOBILE6 model based on national averages and no input of these parameters is required to run the model. However, alternate values which are more representative of the local fleet and local fleet activity may be provided. More information about the scope and format of these alternate values are contained in the document, “User’s Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2, Mobile Source Emission Factor Model” (EPA, 2003c). Guidance on how to obtain these values is contained in the report

A Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation @ (EPA, 2004c).

As with the onroad control programs, fleet and activity data provided by States for the 2002 NEI would also be modeled for the 2005 NEI. In addition, several States submitted updates or new

data for 2005.

3.2.7.1 Age Distribution

A typical vehicle fleet includes a m ix of vehicles of different ages. MOBILE6 covers a 25-year range of vehicle ages, with vehicles 25 years and older grouped together. If no alternate data are supplied, MOBILE6 will use a set of default values for these distributions. The technical report, “Fleet Characterization Data for MOBILE6” (EPA, 2001a), describes how these default values

were derived.December 2008



### 59 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### MOBILE6 allows the user to specify the fraction of vehicles in each of 25 vehicle ages for each of the 16 vehicle classes (combined gasoline and diesel) in the model. This requires that an external data file be provided containing the alternate values.

The NMIM model runs for the NEI all used the default MOBILE6 registration distribution, except where alternate distributions were provide d by S/L/T agencies. Age distributions were provided for at least some counties in Arizona, Delaware, District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin.

Table A-4 of Appendix A indicates which counties used default distributions and which counties used S/L/T supplied distributions.

To determine whether the default MOBILE6 regi stration distribution would be appropriate to apply in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, data available from Puerto Rico listing new vehicle sales and the total number of vehicle registrations, both by model year, was examined and compared to national trends in the United States. Table A-5 in Appendix A has the 25-year trend of vehicle sales and registrations in Puerto Rico.

Based on comparisons made between this list and the national trend, and without more specific data, it was determined that the default MOBI LE6 registration distribution would sufficiently represent Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

3.2.7.2 Diesel Sales Fractions

W ithin any vehicle class, diesel and gasoline vehicles have distinctly different emission rates. Diesel fractions allow the model to separate gasoline and diesel vehicles within a vehicle class. MOBILE6 includes default diesel sales fractions for 14 of the 16 composite vehicle classes - all except urban/transit buses, which are assumed to be all diesel-fueled, and motorcycles, which are assumed to be all gasoline-fueled. MOBILE6 pr ojects future diesel fractions as constant beginning with the 1996 model year. Users can enter alternative diesel fractions for these 14 vehicle classes for each of 25 vehicle ages in any calendar year. The derivation of the default diesel sales fractions is found in the report A Fleet Characterization Data for MOBILE6” (EPA, 2001a).

The final 2005 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding diesel sales fractions by model year and vehicle type, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Diesel sales fractions were provided for at least some counties in Arizona, District of Columbia, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Texas and Virginia. Table A-6 presents the counties for which alternate diesel sales fractions were provided.December 2008



### 60 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### 3.2.7.3 Average Speeds

MOBILE6 uses VMT distribution over preselected average speed ranges. MOBILE6 calculates these distributions for each of the 24 hours of the day and for freeways and arterials (producing 48 separate distributions, each containing 14 fractions). The data in this array only specify the average speeds on the roadway types at a particular tim e of day. The data do not affect either the hourly VMT distribution or the VMT distributions by facility type.

NMIM does not use the default average speed distributions found in MOBILE6. Instead a separate single average speed is used, depending on the vehicle class and roadway type. Every combination of vehicle class grouping and roadway type does not have an independent average speed estimate.

There are four MOBILE6 roadway types: freeways, arterials, locals, and freeway ramps. The 12 roadway types shown in Table A-5 were assigned to one of these MOBILE6 roadway types based on EPA guidance. The MOBILE6 freeway roadway type was assigned to rural interstates, urban interstates, and urban other freeways and expressways. Each roadway assigned to the MOBILE6 freeway roadway type also assume that the average speed includes the effects of freeway ramps and that ramps account for 8 percent of travel on these roadways. The MOBILE6 arterial roadway type was assigned to rural other principal arterials, rural minor arterials, rural major collectors, rural minor collectors, rural locals, urban other principal arterials, urban minor arterials, and urban collectors. Urban local roadways are modeled using the “Local” roadway category of MOBILE6, with an average speed of 12.9 mph. The average speed of this roadway type cannot be varied, since the emission fact ors modeled on the MOBILE6 local roadway type do not vary by average speed. The groupings of vehicle class groups and roadway types is explained in more detail in Section 3.1 above.

The default average speeds represent the average speeds that had been modeled nationally in prior years of the Trends analysis. Table A-7 shows the default average speed used for each of the 12 roadway types for each of the vehicle class groupings for the final 2002 NEI.

The 2005 NEI used the same set of average speeds for each roadway type and vehicle class grouping, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Average speed information was provided for at least some counties in Delaware, District of Columbia, Iowa, Maryland, New Jersey, New Mexico, Rhode Island, Utah, and Virg inia. Table A-8 presents the counties for which alternate average speed distributions were provided.

3.2.7.4 Annual Mileage Accumulation Rates

The annual m ileage accumulation rate represents the total annual travel accumulated per vehicle of a given age and individual vehicle class. Vehicles accumulate mileage at different rates depending on the type and age of the vehicle. Trucks tend to be driven more miles per year than cars. Older vehicles tend to be driven fewer miles per year than newer ones. Annual mileage

accumulation affects the rate at which vehicle emission controls deteriorate and affect the

relative emissions contributions of newer and older vehicles to fleet emissions. Vehicles with higher total mileage accumulation will tend to have higher emission rates, however, olderDecember 2008



### 61 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### vehicles tend to travel fewer miles each year. Annual mileage accumulation rates are also used in MOBILE6 to determine the daily vehicle miles traveled per vehicle. This estimate is used to convert daily emissions in grams per day from engine starts, hot soaks, diurnal losses, resting losses and refueling to units of grams per mile of vehicle travel.

The derivation of the default annual mileage accumulation rates is found in the report, A Fleet Characterization Data for MOBILE6” (EPA, 2001a).

The 2005 NEI used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding annual mileage accumulation rates by model year and vehicle class, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Only the State of New York provided alternate annual mileage accumulation rates for use in NMIM.

3.2.7.5 Trips Per Day

The nearly uncontrolled exhaust em issions that occur immediately after a cold engine start can account for a significant fraction of the emissions th at occur during a vehicle trip. There will be at least one engine start for each vehicle trip, so this parameter is also called starts per day. Only light duty vehicles (passenger cars), light duty tr ucks and motorcycles account for engine starts separately in MOBILE6. The emission rates for heavy duty vehicles and buses include the effects of engine starts and the number of engine starts and the soak time distribution cannot be changed by the user for these vehicle classes.

The derivation of the default values for the number of vehicle trips per day is found in the report “Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emi ssions” (EPA, 2002b). Although MOBILE6 allows the number of trips per day to vary by vehicle age, all default values are the same for all vehicle

ages.

The 2005 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding vehicle trips per day rates by vehicle class. No changes for light duty vehicles, light duty trucks or motorcycles were submitted by S/L/T agencies.

3.2.7.6 Trip Length Distribution

Fuel evaporation occurs during trips due to the heating of the fuel system , especially including the fuel tank. These emissions are affected by the length of time the vehicle has been in operation. Longer trips mean more evaporative running loss emissions due to increased fuel system temperatures. Only gasoline fueled vehi cles (not including motorcycles) are affected by the distribution of trip lengths in MOBILE6. Diesel vehicles and natural gas vehicles are assumed to have negligible evaporative running loss emissions.

The derivation of the default values for the trip length distributions is found in the report “Trip Length Activity Factors for Running Loss and Exhaust Running Emissions” (EPA, 2001b). The same distribution of vehicle trip lengths is used for all vehicle classes for all hours of the day, for both weekdays and weekend days.December 2008



### 62 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### The 2005 NEI inventories used the default weekday MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the trip length distributions, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Trip length data were provided for at least some counties in District of Columbia, Maryland, Texas, and Virginia. Table A-9 lists the counties for which alternate trip length distributions were provided.

3.2.7.7 Hourly Distribution of Engine Starts

MOBILE6 distributes the daily num ber of engine starts across the hours of the day. The same distribution is used for all vehicle classes, alt hough there are different distributions for weekdays and weekend days. Only light duty vehicles (p assenger cars), light duty trucks and motorcycles account for engine starts separately. The emission rates for heavy duty vehicles and buses include engine starts and these emission rates ar e not affected by changes in the distribution of engine starts across the hours of the day.

The derivation of the default values for the distribution of engine starts across the hours of the day is found in the report “Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions” (EPA, 2002b).

The 2005 NEI inventories used the default weekday MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the distribution of engine starts across the hours of the day, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Only the State of New York pr ovided an alternate hourly distribution of engine

starts.

3.2.7.8 Hourly Distribution of Vehicle Miles Traveled

MOBILE6 distributes the estim ate for daily vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the day. There are separate distributions for the freeway, arterial/collector and local roadway

classifications. The same distribution is used fo r all vehicle classes, although there are different distributions for weekdays and weekend days.

The derivation of the default values for the distribution of vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the day is found in the report “Development of Methodology for Estimating VMT Weighting by Facility Type” (EPA, 2001c).

The 2005 NEI inventories used the default weekday MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the distribution of vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the day, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Hourly distributions for daily vehicle miles traveled were provided for at least some counties in Illinois, New York, Texas, and Utah. Table A-10 lists the counties which provided alternate distributions for vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the day.

3.2.7.9 Soak Time Distribution

Soak tim e is defined as the time between when the engine is turned off to the next time it is restarted. The soak time can have a significant effect on the emissions associated with an engine start. MOBILE6 contains default values for the distribution of the soak times before an engine start by hour of the day. The same soak time distributions are applied to all vehicle classes andDecember 2008



### 63 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### all vehicle ages. Only light duty vehicles (passenger cars), light duty trucks and motorcycles account for engine starts separately. The emission rates for heavy duty vehicles and buses include engine starts and changing the soak time distribution does not affect their emissions.

The derivation of the default values for the distribution of vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the day is found in the report “Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions” (EPA, 2002b).

The 2005 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding soak times by hour of the day. No changes for light duty vehicles, light duty trucks or motorcycles were submitted by S/L/T agencies.

3.2.7.10 Diurnal Activity Distribution

W hile the engine is shut down (key off) and during times of day when the ambient temperature is rising, fuel vapors will be driven off the vehicle from the increasing temperature of the fuel in the tank and other locations on the vehicle. The ability of the vehicle emission control components to adsorb these vapors depends on how long the vehicle has been subjected to diurnal emission generation. The resulting hydrocarbon losses are referred to as diurnal emissions. If the vehicle is restarted, the active emission control systems begin again and the full diurnal effect is interrupted, resulting in fewer diurnal emissions. MOBILE6 contains default values for the distribution of the diurnal soak time by hour of the day.

Only gasoline fueled vehicles are affected by th e diurnal soak activity. Diesel vehicles and natural gas vehicles are assumed to have negligible diurnal evaporative emissions. The same

distribution of diurnal soak times is used for all vehicle classes.

The derivation of the default values for the distribution of diurnal soak activity across the hours of the day is found in the report, “Soak Length Activity Factors for Diurnal Emissions” (EPA, 2001d).

The 2005 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the distribution of evaporative diurnal activity. No changes were submitted by S/L/T agencies.

3.2.7.11 Hot Soak Distribution

Im mediately after an engine is shut down (key off), while the engine is still hot, fuel vapors in the intake manifold and other locations in the fuel system are driven off the vehicle by the heat of the engine. These hydrocarbon losses are referred to as hot soak emissions. If the vehicle is restarted, the active emission control systems begin again and the full hot soak effect is interrupted, resulting in fewer hot soak emissions. MOBILE6 contains default values for the distribution of the hot soak time after an engine shut down by hour of the day. The actual

number of hot soaks that occur is a function of th e number of engine starts per day that occur. Changing the number of engine starts per day will automatically change the number of hot soaks in a day. The number of engine starts (trips) per day is discussed in Section 3.2.7.5 above.December 2008



### 64 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Only gasoline fueled vehicles are affected by the hot soak activity. Diesel vehicles and natural gasoline vehicles are assumed to have negligible hot soak evaporative emissions. The same

distribution of hot soak times is used for all vehicle classes.

The derivation of the default values for the distribution of the hot soak time by hour of the day is found in the report, “Soak Length Activity Factors for Hot Soak Emissions” (EPA, 2001e).

The 2005 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the distribution of hot soak times. No changes were submitted by S/L/T agencies.

3.2.8 NMIM Toxic Emission Factors

The hazardous air pollutants for which inventories are produced by NMIM are listed in Table 3- 4 above. The “six HAPs” are produced internally by MOBILE6. In all other cases, as indicated in the “Pollutants” section above, HAP inventories were generated by ratios to various MOBILE6 and NONROAD outputs.

HAPs are estim ated using data sources and methods developed for the 1999 NEI for HAPs, version 3 (EPA, 2003e; EPA, 2004a), with some modifications, described below. NMIM does not estimate HAP emissions for CNG engines.

HAPs are estimated in NMIM using one of three approaches:

1. Gaseous HAPs

B Apply toxic to VOC ratios to VOC estimates.

2. Poly-Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

B Apply toxic to PM10 ratios to PM10 estimates.

3. Metals, Dioxins and Furans

B For NONROAD, multiply HAP gram per gallon emission factors by county level fuel consumption estimates. For MOBILE6, multiply HAP gram per mile emission factors by county level VMT estimates.

The NCD SCCToxics table provides a complete listi ng of toxic ratios and emission factors for all SCCs and fuel combinations. The above approaches are described in more detail in the following sections.

3.2.8.1 Gaseous HAPs

NMIM uses the toxic to VOC ratios described in the docum entation for the 1999 NEI for HAPs, version 3, and summarized in Volume 1, Appendix D, Table 1 (EPA, 2003e). Separate ratios are used for evaporative and exhaust emissions for each of the following four categories of gasoline

blends:

1. Baseline Gasoline. All cases that do not fall into categories 2-4 below. Ratios are in variables “ExhBaseGas” and “EvapBaseGas” in the SCCToxics table.December 2008



### 65 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### 2. WO (Winter Oxygenate) Gasoline/ETBE - used where the fuel contains ethanol which is greater than or equal to 5 percent by volume or ETBE greater than or equal to 5 percent by volume. Ratios are in variables A ExhEthGas @ and A EvapEthGas @ in the SCCToxics

table.

3. WO Gasoline/ethanol or MTBE/TAME - used where the fuel contains MTBE which is greater than or equal to 12 percent by volume or TAME greater than or equal to 13 percent by volume. Ratios are in variables “ExhMTBEGas” and “EvapMTBEGas” in

the SCCToxics table.

4. RFG/MTBE/TAME - Used where the fuel is RFG and where the fuel contains oxygenate greater than 5 percent by volume and where the fuel contains MTBE which is less than 12 percent by volume or TAME less than 13 percent by volume. Ratios are in variables “ExhRFGGas” and “EvapRFGGas” in the SCCToxics table.

It should be noted that NMIM uses a different set of criteria to determine which toxic to VOC ratios to use than that used in the 1999 NEI final version 3 for HAPs. In the 1999 NEI inventory, ratios for different fuel types were weighted acco rding to whether the county participated in the Federal or California Reformulated Gasoline Program or a winter oxygenated fuel program, and the percentage of the year the county participated in these programs. For example, if a county participated in the Federal Reformulated Gasoline Program for 4 months, the RFG/MTBE/ TAME fraction would be weighted by a fact or of 0.33, and the baseline fraction by 0.67 to develop a composite annual fraction, which would then be applied to VOC. This approach does not adequately account for reformulated and oxygenated gasoline use outside counties participating in the program, or use outside the fuel program season. One result is an underestimate of the nonroad MTBE inventory. Thus, when comparing the unofficial NMIM 1999 estimates with those of the 1999 NEI, NMIM estimates for 1999 result in substantially higher nationwide MTBE than those in the 1999 NEI for HAPs.

In some cases, HAP profiles for specific nonroad equipment and engine type combinations are available. However, for many equipment/engine type combinations, no speciation data are available. In such instances, default values for 2-stroke gasoline engines, 4-stroke gasoline engines, and diesel engines are used. These default values represent an average fraction for various equipment types within an engine category.

3.2.8.2 PAHs

All PAHs em itted in exhaust are estimated as fractions of PM10, although the data used to calculate mass ratios includes both gas and particle phase PAH emissions. The data used to develop the PAH fractions are described in the documentation for the 1999 NEI for HAPs. Evaporative naphthalene emissions from onroad vehicles is estimated as a fraction of VOC. NMIM does not currently estimate evaporative naphthalene emissions for nonroad equipment.December 2008



### 66 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### 3.2.8.3 Metals, Dioxins, and Furans

For m etals, dioxins, and furans, NMIM estimates onroad emissions using g/mile emission factors developed for the 1999 NEI for HAPs, version 3.

The approach used by NMIM to estimate nonroad county-level metal emissions differs in a number of respects from the approach used in the 1999 NEI for HAPs, version 3. In the 1999 NEI, nationwide metal emissions for gasoline engines were obtained by applying a mass per gallon emission factor by nationwide gasoline consumption from the NONROAD model. For diesel engines, a mass per brake-horsepower emission factor was multiplied by nationwide energy output. The resultant nationwide emission estimates were then spatially allocated to counties relative to the county proportion of PM10 emissions compared to the national PM10 emissions, as obtained from the NONROAD model.

In contrast, NMIM multiplies mass per gallon emission factors for gasoline engines by county level fuel consumption to obtain a county level inventory estimate. For diesel engines, mass per brake horsepower emission factors were converted to mass per gallon emission factors using the following equation:

grams per gallon = (micrograms per brake-horsepower hour ( μ g/bhphr) * average fuel density (lb/gallon))/fuel consumption per brake-horsepower hour (lb fuel/bhphr)*1,000,000



### where: average fuel density = 7.01 lb/gal fuel consumption per brake horsepower hour = 0.408 lb for engines less than 100 hp = 0.367 lb for engines greater than 100 hp

The fuel consumption per brake horsepower hour estimates are from the NONROAD model (EPA, 2002c). The gram per gallon metal emission factors for gasoline and diesel engines are

contained in the NCD SCCToxics table.

Mass per gallon emission factors for dioxins and furans from nonroad engines were calculated by multiplying the onroad vehicle emission factors in grams per mile by fleet average fuel economy estimates. The assumed fuel economy for gasoline vehicles was 21.5 miles per gallon; for diesel vehicles it was 7 miles per gallon. Resulting gram per gallon emission factors are

contained in the NCD SCCToxics table.December 2008



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# 4.0 2002 MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING NEI

This section describes how Stage II emission estimates related to onroad mobile and nonroad mobile refueling were estimated, and how they were reported in the 2005 NEI. No updates were made to the Stage II emissions reported in the 2002 NEI for the final 2005 NEI.



## 4.1 HOW WERE STAGE II ONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS
DEVELOPED?

The EPA developed onroad Stage II refueling emission estimates for VOC, benzene, and MTBE based on the results of the draft NEI 2002 NMIM runs. These estimates were not updated for Version 3 of the 2002 NEI. NMIM/MOBILE6 calculates Stage II emissions using a base uncontrolled displacement EF of 5.46 grams/gallon HC, and a base uncontrolled spillage EF of 0.31 grams/gallon HC. These emission factors are then adjusted for temperature and RVP, and

are converted from HC to VOC within MOBILE6. For a description of the counties with Stage II control programs, as well as the assumed control efficiency for the program, see section

3.2.6.4.

For several other HAPs, EPA applied national HAP speciation profiles to the VOC emission estimates from NMIM. These HAPs are listed in Table 4-1, along with their emission factors (MACTEC, 2004).

Table 4-1. Stage II HAP Speciati on Profiles Applied to VOC Emissions

Pollutant Emission Factor
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 0.827% of VOC

Cumene 0.01% of VOC
Ethyl Benzene 0.138% of VOC

Hexane 1.589% of VOC
Naphthalene 0.046% of VOC

Toluene 1.290% of VOC
Xylenes 0.530% of VOC



## 4.2 HOW WERE STAGE II NONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS
DEVELOPED?

NMIM/NONROAD accounts for refueling emissi ons from nonroad equipment under two separate components, vapor displacement and spillage. The procedures that NONROAD uses to estimate refueling emissions are documented in the EPA report, “Refueling Emissions for Nonroad Engine Modeling” (EPA, 2004d). For both spillage and vapor displacement, NONROAD incorporates emission factor values in terms of grams of emissions per gallon of fuel consumed. Fuel consumption is then used to calculate total emissions based on the g/gal emissions factors. Nonroad equipment may be fueled from a gasoline pump or a portable container. Stage II nonroad emissions are associated with nonroad equipment being filled directly at the gasoline pumps. Because the different refueling modes result in differentDecember 2008



### 68 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### emissions, NONROAD includes assumptions concerning which equipment will be refueled predominantly using a gasoline pump and which will be refueled predominantly from a portable container. In general, gasoline-powered equipment with larger horsepower engines are fueled at the pump while equipment with smaller horsepower engines are fueled with a container. Both Stage II and portable fuel container components may be included in the SCC-level vapor displacement and spillage emissions output of NMIM (depending on the SCC). As such, Stage

II emissions were not subtracted out of the NONROAD model emission estimates and unlike Stage II onroad emissions, were not reported as part of the area source inventory.



## 4.3 REPORTING OF MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING

Nonroad Stage II emissions were included in all relevant nonroad gasoline SCCs that have engines assumed to be refueled at a gasoline pump. Onroad Stage II emissions are reported under the SCC 22501060100 (Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage, Gasoline Service Stations, Stage 2: Total) in the non-point sour ce inventory. It should be noted that Stage II vehicle refueling emissions may also be re ported in the point source inventory under the following SCCs:

Point Source SCCs Description

40600401 Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/o Controls

40600402 Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Liquid Spill Loss w/o Controls

40600403 Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/o Controls

40600499 Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Not Classified **

40600601 Consumer (Corporate) Fleet Refueling - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/o Controls

40600602 Consumer (Corporate) Fleet Refueling - Stage II, Liquid Spill Loss w/o Controls

40600603 Consumer (Corporate) Fleet Refueling - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/ Controls



### Refueling emissions based on the 2005 NMIM runs were not included in the 2005 NEI. For purposes of the 2005 NEI, refueling emissions developed for the 2002 NEI were substituted.



## 4.4 QA PROCEDURES

Spot checks were performed of the onroad Stage II HAP emission estimates developed using the speciation profiles listed in Table 4-1. In addition, onroad Stage II emissions were subject to additional S/L/T review, facilitated by emission summaries that compared the newly-developed Stage II emissions to the draft NEI emission estimates. Nonroad Stage II emissions were subject to the same QA procedures as NONROAD model exhaust and evaporative emission estimates.December 2008



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# 5.0 REFERENCES

AAM, 2002: North American Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Survey. Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, Washington, DC. 2002.

AAM, 2005: North American Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Survey. American Automobile Manufacturers Association, Washington, DC. 2005.

AIR, 2004: “Derivation of By-Month, By-County, By-Hour Temperature and Relative Humidity with Monthly Data,” by Air Improvement Resources, Inc. December 8, 2004.

DOE, 2005: U.S. Department of Energy, Ener gy Information Administration, “Petroleum Supply Annual 2005,” Table 34 - Movements of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products by Pipeline, Tanker, and Barge Between PAD Districts. Internet address: http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/petroleum_supply_annual/p sa_volume1/psa_volume1.html

EPA, 1990: “The 1985 NAPAP Emissions Inventor y: Development of Temporal Allocation Factors,” EPA-600/7-89-010d, Air & Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. April 1990.

EPA, 1991: “Technical Guidance - Stage II Vapor Recovery Systems for Control of Vehicle Refueling Emissions at Gasoline Dispensing Facilities, Volume I: Chapters.”
EPA-450/3-91-022a. U.S. Environmenta l Protection Agency. November 1991.

EPA, 1998: “National Air Pollutant Emission Trends, Procedures Document, 1900

B 1996,” EPA-454/R-98-008. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Factors a nd Inventory Group, Research Triangle Park, NC. May 1998.

EPA, 2001a: “Fleet Characterization Data for MOBILE6,” M6.FLT.007, EPA420-R-01-047. September 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm

EPA, 2001b: “Trip Length Activity Factors for Running Loss and Exhaust Running Emissions” (M6.FLT.005, EPA420-R-01-013. April 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm

EPA, 2001c: “Development of Methodology for Estimating VMT Weighting by Facility Type” M6.SPD.003, EPA420-R-01-009. April 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm

EPA, 2001d: “Soak Length Activity Factors for Diurnal Emissions,” M6.FLT.006, EPA420-R-01-014, April 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm

EPA, 2001e: “Soak Length Activity Factors for Hot Soak Emissions” M6.FLT.004, EPA420-R-01-012, April 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htmDecember 2008



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### EPA, 2002a: “Technical Guidance of the Use of MOBILE6 for Emission Inventory Preparation,” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, MI. January 2002.

EPA, 2002b: “Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions,” M6.FLT.003, EPA420-R-01-011. February 2002. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm

EPA, 2002c: “Exhaust and Crankcase Emission Factors for Nonroad Engine Modeling

B Compression-Ignition,” EPA420-P-02-016, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Ai r Quality, Ann Arbor, MI. November 2002. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/nonrdmdl.htm#docs.

EPA, 2003a: “National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) Base and Future Year County Database Documentation and Quality Assurance Procedures,” EPA420-R-03-017. April 2003.

EPA, 2003b: “Comparison of NMIM County Da tabase to NEI Modeling, Final Report,” EPA Contract No. 68D-02-063, Work Assignment No. 1-17, Pechan Document No. 03.09.002/9014.117. September 15, 2003.

EPA, 2003c: “User’s Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2: Mobile Source Emission Factor Model,” EPA420-R-03-010, U.S. Environm ental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, MI. August 2003. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/m6.htm.

EPA, 2003d: “Documentation for the Fina l 1999 Nonpoint Area Source National Emission Inventory for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Version 3),” August 26, 2003, Appendix E-2, “County Level Allocation Values Used for Allocation Schemes 18, 22 and 27 (Stage 2 Control), 1999 National Emission Inventory.” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

EPA, 2003e: “Documentation for Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, Locomotive, and Other Nonroad Components in the National Emissions Inventory, Volumes I and II,” prepared by Eastern Research Group for U.S. Envir onmental Protection Agency. October 7, 2003. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/1999inventory.html#final3haps

EPA, 2004a: “Documentation for the Onroad National Emissions Inventory (NEI) For Base Years 1970-2002,” prepared by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Factor and Inventory Group, Res earch Triangle Park, NC 27711. January 2004. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/1999inventory.html#final3haps

EPA, 2004b: “Final Regulatory Analysis: Contro l of Emissions from Nonroad Diesel Engines,” EPA420-R-04-007, U.S. Environmental Protecti on Agency, Office of Mobile Sources, Ann Arbor, MI. May 2004.December 2008



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### EPA, 2004c: “Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation,” EPA420-R-04-013. August 2004. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/m6.htm

EPA, 2004d: “Refueling Emissions for Nonr oad Engine Modeling,” NR-013b, EPA420-P-04- 013, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, MI. April 2004.

EPA, 2005a: “2005 Reformulated Gasoline Properties Survey Data.” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ot aq/regs/fuels/rfg/properf/rfgperf.htm

EPA, 2005b: “Reformulated Gasoline and Anti-Dumping Regulation Batch Reports.” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/oms/regs/fuels/rfgforms.htm

EPA, 2007a: “Instructions to State and Local Ag encies for Updating the County Level Database

from EPA = s National Mobile Inventory Model - Technical Memorandum,” prepared by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Factor and Inventory Group, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. May 24, 2007.

EPA, 2007b: “Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 3” prepared by EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality and E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., for EPA’s Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emissions Inventory Group. September 2007.

EPA, 2008: “Process for Utilizing Survey Data to Determine County Specific Gasoline Properties,” memorandum from D. Brzezinski, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, to L. Driver, U.S. EPA, Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emissions Inventory Group. November 21, 2008.

ERG, 2005: “Documentation for Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, and Locomotive, and Other Nonroad Components of the National Em issions Inventory,” prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. and E.H. Pechan and Associates, Inc. for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Emissions Monitoring a nd Analysis Division, Emission Factor and Inventory Group. February 9, 2005.

FHWA, 2006, Highway Statistics 2005. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, 2005. ( http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohim/hs05/ )

MACTEC, 2004: Hester, Charles and J. Cavalier, MACTEC, Inc. Memorandum from Charles Hester and Julia Cavalier, MACTEC, Inc., to Stephen Shedd, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Standards Division, “Gasoline HAP Profiles,” December 9, 2004.December 2008



### 72 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Rozycki, 2006: email from Robert Rozycki, FHWA to E.H. Pechan & Associates, transmitting updated HPMS2004 data.

USCB, 2006: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Di vision, County Population Datasets, data file downloaded from ( http://www.census.gov/popest/datasets.html ) . “County population and estimated components of population change, all counties: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005,” downloaded September 22, 2006.December 2008



### A-1 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

# APPENDIX A. LOCAL DATA FOR NMIM COUNTY DATABASEApp. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-2 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-1. List of I/M Program File Names Used for Version 2 of the 2005 National Emission Inventory

State Filename First
Year Last
Year Counties ALASKA 0202099.imp 1999 2050 20 ALASKA 0209099.imp 1999 2050 90 ARIZONA 0401395.imp 1999 2001 13 ARIZONA 0401301.imp 2002 2004 13 ARIZONA 0401305.imp 2005 2050 13 ARIZONA 0401902.imp 1999 2050 19 CALIFORNIA 0600199.imp 1999 2050 1,13,41,55,75,81,95 CALIFORNIA 0607999.imp 1999 2050 7,11,17,19,21,29,31,37,39,47,53,57, 59,61,65,67,69,71,73,77,79,83,85, 87,89,97,99,101,103,107,111,113,115 COLORADO 0800199.imp 1999 2050 1,5,13,14,31,35,59 COLORADO 0804199.imp 1999 2050 41,69,97,123 CONNECTICUT 0900199.imp 1999 2050 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15 DELAWARE 1000191.imp 1999 2050 1 DELAWARE 1000383.imp 1999 2050 3 DELAWARE 1000591.imp 1999 2050 5
DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA 1100102.imp 1999 2002 1

DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA 1100103.imp 2003 2003 1

DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA 1100105.imp 2004 2050 1

FLORIDA 1200099.imp 1999 2050 11,31,57,86,99,103 GEORGIA 1305799.imp 1999 1999 57,63,77,97,113,117,151,223,247 GEORGIA 1305700.imp 2000 2001 57,63,77,97,113,117,151,223,247 GEORGIA 1305702.imp 2002 2050 57,63,77,97,113,117,151,223,247 GEORGIA 1306799.imp 1999 1999 67,89,121,135 GEORGIA 1306700.imp 2000 2001 67,89,121,135 GEORGIA 1306702.imp 2002 2050 67,89,121,135 IDAHO 1600099.imp 1999 2050 1 ILLINOIS 1700099.imp 1999 2001 31,43,63,89,93,97,111,119,133,163,197 ILLINOIS 1700002.imp 2002 2050 31,43,63,89,93,97,111,119,133,163,197 INDIANA 1806101.imp 2001 2050 61 INDIANA 1808997.imp 1999 2050 19,43,89,127 KENTUCKY 2111198.imp 1999 2001 15,37,111,117 KENTUCKY 2111102.imp 2002 2050 15,37,111,117 LOUISIANA 2200000.imp 2000 2050 33,121 MAINE 2300599.imp 1999 2004 5 MAINE 2300505.imp 2005 2050 5 MARYLAND 2400995.imp 1999 2002 9,15,17,21,35 MARYLAND 2400903.imp 2003 2050 9,15,17,21,35 MARYLAND 2400002.imp 1999 2002 3,5,13,25,27,31,33,43,510 MARYLAND 2400003.imp 2003 2004 3,5,13,25,27,31,33,43,510 MARYLAND 2400305.imp 2005 2050 3,5,9,13,15,17,21,25,27,31,33,35,43,510 MASSACHUSETTS 2500099.imp 1999 1999 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27 MASSACHUSETTS 2500000.imp 2000 2002 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27 MASSACHUSETTS 2500003.imp 2003 2050 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27 MINNESOTA 2700099.imp 1999 2050 3,19,37,53,123,139,163,171 MISSOURI 2900099.imp 1999 2050 71,99,183,189,510 NEVADA 3200099.imp 1999 2050 3,31 NEW HAMPSHIRE 3300002.imp 2002 2050 11,15,17App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-3 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-1. List of I/M Program File Names Used for Version 2 of the 2005 National Emission Inventory

NEW JERSEY 3400199.imp 1999 1999 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31, 33,35,37,39,41 NEW JERSEY 3400100.imp 2000 2004 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31, 33,35,37,39,41 NEW JERSEY 3400105.imp 2005 2050 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31, 33,35,37,39,41 NEW MEXICO 3500189.imp 1999 2002 1 NEW MEXICO 3500103.imp 2003 2050 1 NEW YORK 3600101.imp 1999 2002 1,3,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31, 33,35,37,39,41,43,45,49,51,53,55,57,63,65, 67,69,71,73,75,77,79,83,89,91,93,95,97, 99,101,105,107,109,111,113,115,117,121,123 NEW YORK 3600103.imp 2003 2050 1,3,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,35, 37,39,41,43,45,49,51,53,55,57,63,65,67,69,71, 73,75,77,79,83,89,91,93,95,97,99,101,105, 107,109,111,113,115,117,121,123 NEW YORK 3600599.imp 1999 2002 5,47,59,61,81,85,87,103,119 NEW YORK 3600503.imp 2003 2050 5,47,59,61,81,85,87,103,119 NORTH CAROLINA 3702501.imp 2001 2050 25,135,179 NORTH CAROLINA 3705792.imp 1999 2050 57,59,63,67,71,77,81 NORTH CAROLINA 3711983.imp 1999 2050 119 NORTH CAROLINA 3718387.imp 1999 2050 183 OHIO 3905596.imp 1999 2002 17,23,35,55,57,61,85,93,113,133,153,165 OHIO 3905503.imp 2003 2050 17,23,35,55,57,61,85,93,113,133,153,165 OHIO 3910398.imp 1999 2002 25,103 OHIO 3910303.imp 2003 2050 25,103 OREGON 4100597.imp 1999 2000 5,51,67 OREGON 4100501.imp 2001 2050 5,51,67 OREGON 4100901.imp 2001 2050 9,71 OREGON 4102997.imp 1999 2000 29 OREGON 4102901.imp 2001 2050 29 PENNSYLVANIA 4201797.imp 1999 2050 17,29,45,91,101 PENNSYLVANIA 4201101.imp 2001 2050 11,13,21,27,41,43,49,69,71,75,79,81,85,133 PENNSYLVANIA 4200397.imp 1999 2050 3,7,73,125,129 PENNSYLVANIA 4207785.imp 1999 2050 77,95 RHODE ISLAND 4400002.imp 1999 2050 1,3,5,7,9 TENNESSEE 4703785.imp 1999 2050 37 TENNESSEE 4714995.imp 1999 2050 149,165,187,189 TENNESSEE 4715784.imp 1999 2050 157 TEXAS 4808500.imp 2000 2001 85,121 TEXAS 4808502.imp 2002 2050 85,121 TEXAS 4811390.imp 1999 2001 113,439 TEXAS 4811302.imp 2002 2050 113,439 TEXAS 4814102.imp 1999 2050 141 TEXAS 4820197.imp 1999 2001 201 TEXAS 4820102.imp 2002 2050 201 TEXAS 4803902.imp 2000 2050 39,71,157,167,291,339,473 UTAH 4901197.imp 1999 2050 11 UTAH 4903502.imp 1999 2002 35 UTAH 4903503.imp 2003 2004 35 UTAH 4903505.imp 2005 2050 35 UTAH 4904986.imp 1999 2001 49 UTAH 4904902.imp 2002 2004 49App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-4 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-1. List of I/M Program File Names Used for Version 2 of the 2005 National Emission Inventory

UTAH 4904905.imp 2005 2050 49 UTAH 4905792.imp 1999 2001 57 UTAH 4905702.imp 2002 2004 57 UTAH 4905705.imp 2005 2050 57 VERMONT 5000097.imp 1999 2001 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27 VERMONT 5000002.imp 2002 2050 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27 VIRGINIA 5101302.imp 1999 2004 13,59,153,510,600,610,683,685 VIRGINIA 5101305.imp 2005 2050 13,59,153,510,600,610,683,685 VIRGINIA 5110702.imp 1999 2004 107,179 VIRGINIA 5110705.imp 2005 2050 107,179 WASHINGTON 5301198.imp 1999 2001 11 WASHINGTON 5301102.imp 2002 2050 11 WASHINGTON 5303382.imp 1999 2001 33 WASHINGTON 5303302.imp 2002 2050 33 WASHINGTON 5305393.imp 1999 2001 53 WASHINGTON 5305302.imp 2002 2050 53 WASHINGTON 5306193.imp 1999 2001 61 WASHINGTON 5306102.imp 2002 2050 61 WASHINGTON 5306385.imp 1999 2001 63 WASHINGTON 5306302.imp 2002 2050 63 WISCONSIN 5505984.imp 1999 2000 59,79,89,101,131,133 WISCONSIN 5505902.imp 2001 2050 59,79,89,101,131,133 WISCONSIN 5511794.imp 1999 2000 117 WISCONSIN 5511702.imp 2001 2050 117App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-5 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State FIPS County
FIPS State
Abbreviation ATP File Name Provided Updates for
2005 2 20 AK atp02020.txt 2 90 AK atp02090.txt 13 4 AZ 0401305.atp 3 19 4 AZ atp04019.txt 6 1 CA atp06001.txt 6 7 CA atp06007.txt 6 11 CA atp06007.txt 6 13 CA atp06001.txt 6 17 CA atp06007.txt 6 19 CA atp06007.txt 6 21 CA atp06007.txt 6 29 CA atp06007.txt 6 31 CA atp06007.txt 6 37 CA atp06007.txt 6 39 CA atp06007.txt 6 41 CA atp06001.txt 6 47 CA atp06007.txt 6 53 CA atp06007.txt 6 55 CA atp06001.txt 6 57 CA atp06007.txt 6 59 CA atp06007.txt 6 61 CA atp06007.txt 6 65 CA atp06007.txt 6 67 CA atp06007.txt 6 69 CA atp06007.txt 6 71 CA atp06007.txt 6 73 CA atp06007.txt 6 75 CA atp06001.txt 6 77 CA atp06007.txt 6 79 CA atp06007.txt 6 81 CA atp06001.txt 6 83 CA atp06007.txt 6 85 CA atp06007.txt 6 87 CA atp06007.txt 6 89 CA atp06007.txt 6 95 CA atp06001.txt 6 97 CA atp06007.txt 6 99 CA atp06007.txt 6 101 CA atp06007.txt 6 103 CA atp06007.txt 6 107 CA atp06007.txt 6 111 CA atp06007.txt 6 113 CA atp06007.txt 6 115 CA atp06007.txt 8 1 CO atp08001.txt 8 5 CO atp08001.txt 8 13 CO atp08001.txt 8 14 CO atp08001.txt 8 31 CO atp08001.txt 8 35 CO atp08001.txt 8 41 CO atp08001.txtApp. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-6 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State FIPS County
FIPS State
Abbreviation ATP File Name Provided Updates for
2005 8 59 CO atp08001.txt 8 69 CO atp08069.txt 8 123 CO atp08097.txt 9 1 CT atp09001.txt 9 3 CT atp09001.txt 9 5 CT atp09001.txt 9 7 CT atp09001.txt 9 9 CT atp09001.txt 9 11 CT atp09001.txt 9 13 CT atp09001.txt 9 15 CT atp09001.txt 11 1 DC 1100105.atp 3 13 67 GA atp13067.txt 13 89 GA atp13067.txt 13 121 GA atp13067.txt 13 135 GA atp13067.txt 16 1 ID atp16001.txt 18 19 IN atp18019.txt 18 43 IN atp18019.txt 18 89 IN atp18089.txt 18 127 IN atp18089.txt 21 15 KY atp21015.txt 21 37 KY atp21015.txt 21 117 KY atp21015.txt 21 111 KY atp21015.txt 22 5 LA atp22005.txt 22 19 LA atp22005.txt 22 33 LA atp22005.txt 22 47 LA atp22005.txt 22 63 LA atp22005.txt 22 77 LA atp22005.txt 22 121 LA atp22005.txt 23 1 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 3 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 5 ME 2300505.atp 3 23 7 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 9 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 11 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 13 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 15 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 17 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 19 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 21 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 23 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 25 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 27 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 29 ME 2300005.atp 3 23 31 ME 2300005.atp 3 24 3 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 5 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 9 MD 2400305.atp 3App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-7 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State FIPS County
FIPS State
Abbreviation ATP File Name Provided Updates for
2005 24 13 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 15 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 17 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 21 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 25 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 27 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 31 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 33 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 35 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 43 MD 2400305.atp 3 24 510 MD 2400305.atp 3 25 1 MA atp25001.txt 25 3 MA atp25001.txt 25 5 MA atp25001.txt 25 7 MA atp25001.txt 25 9 MA atp25001.txt 25 11 MA atp25001.txt 25 13 MA atp25001.txt 25 15 MA atp25001.txt 25 17 MA atp25001.txt 25 19 MA atp25001.txt 25 21 MA atp25001.txt 25 23 MA atp25001.txt 25 25 MA atp25001.txt 25 27 MA atp25001.txt 29 71 MO atp29071.txt 29 99 MO atp29071.txt 29 183 MO atp29071.txt 29 189 MO atp29071.txt 29 510 MO atp29071.txt 32 3 NV atp32003.txt 32 31 NV atp32003.txt 33 11 NH atp33011.txt 33 15 NH atp33011.txt 34 1 NJ atp34001.txt 34 3 NJ atp34001.txt 34 5 NJ atp34001.txt 34 7 NJ atp34001.txt 34 9 NJ atp34001.txt 34 11 NJ atp34001.txt 34 13 NJ atp34001.txt 34 15 NJ atp34001.txt 34 17 NJ atp34001.txt 34 19 NJ atp34001.txt 34 21 NJ atp34001.txt 34 23 NJ atp34001.txt 34 25 NJ atp34001.txt 34 27 NJ atp34001.txt 34 29 NJ atp34001.txt 34 31 NJ atp34001.txt 34 33 NJ atp34001.txtApp. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-8 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State FIPS County
FIPS State
Abbreviation ATP File Name Provided Updates for
2005 34 35 NJ atp34001.txt 34 37 NJ atp34001.txt 34 39 NJ atp34001.txt 34 41 NJ atp34001.txt 36 1 NY 3600102.atp 36 3 NY 3600102.atp 36 5 NY atp36005.txt 36 7 NY 3600102.atp 36 9 NY 3600102.atp 36 11 NY 3600102.atp 36 13 NY 3600102.atp 36 15 NY 3600102.atp 36 17 NY 3600102.atp 36 19 NY 3600102.atp 36 21 NY 3600102.atp 36 23 NY 3600102.atp 36 25 NY 3600102.atp 36 27 NY 3600102.atp 36 29 NY 3600102.atp 36 31 NY 3600102.atp 36 33 NY 3600102.atp 36 35 NY 3600102.atp 36 37 NY 3600102.atp 36 39 NY 3600102.atp 36 41 NY 3600102.atp 36 43 NY 3600102.atp 36 45 NY 3600102.atp 36 47 NY atp36005.txt 36 49 NY 3600102.atp 36 53 NY 3600102.atp 36 55 NY 3600102.atp 36 57 NY 3600102.atp 36 59 NY atp36005.txt 36 61 NY atp36005.txt 36 63 NY 3600102.atp 36 65 NY 3600102.atp 36 67 NY 3600102.atp 36 69 NY 3600102.atp 36 71 NY 3600102.atp 36 73 NY 3600102.atp 36 75 NY 3600102.atp 36 77 NY 3600102.atp 36 79 NY 3600102.atp 36 81 NY atp36005.txt 36 83 NY 3600102.atp 36 85 NY atp36005.txt 36 87 NY atp36005.txt 36 89 NY 3600102.atp 36 91 NY 3600102.atp 36 93 NY 3600102.atp 36 95 NY 3600102.atpApp. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-9 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State FIPS County
FIPS State
Abbreviation ATP File Name Provided Updates for
2005 36 97 NY 3600102.atp 36 99 NY 3600102.atp 36 101 NY 3600102.atp 36 103 NY atp36005.txt 36 105 NY 3600102.atp 36 107 NY 3600102.atp 36 109 NY 3600102.atp 36 111 NY 3600102.atp 36 113 NY 3600102.atp 36 115 NY 3600102.atp 36 117 NY 3600102.atp 36 119 NY atp36005.txt 36 121 NY 3600102.atp 36 123 NY 3600102.atp 37 57 NC atp37057.txt 37 59 NC atp37057.txt 37 63 NC atp37057.txt 37 67 NC atp37057.txt 37 71 NC atp37071.txt 37 77 NC atp37071.txt 37 81 NC atp37057.txt 37 119 NC atp37119.txt 37 183 NC atp37183.txt 39 17 OH atp39017.txt 39 23 OH atp39017.txt 39 25 OH atp39025.txt 39 35 OH atp39035.txt 39 55 OH atp39035.txt 39 57 OH atp39017.txt 39 61 OH atp39017.txt 39 85 OH atp39035.txt 39 93 OH atp39035.txt 39 103 OH atp39103.txt 39 113 OH atp39017.txt 39 133 OH atp39035.txt 39 153 OH atp39035.txt 39 165 OH atp39017.txt 40 17 OK atp40017.txt 40 27 OK atp40017.txt 40 37 OK atp40017.txt 40 73 OK atp40017.txt 40 81 OK atp40017.txt 40 83 OK atp40017.txt 40 87 OK atp40017.txt 40 109 OK atp40017.txt 40 113 OK atp40017.txt 40 125 OK atp40017.txt 40 131 OK atp40017.txt 40 143 OK atp40017.txt 40 145 OK atp40017.txt 41 5 OR atp41005.txtApp. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-10 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State FIPS County
FIPS State
Abbreviation ATP File Name Provided Updates for
2005 41 29 OR atp41029.txt 41 67 OR atp41005.txt 42 3 PA atp42003.txt 42 7 PA atp42007.txt 42 17 PA atp42017.txt 42 29 PA atp42017.txt 42 45 PA atp42017.txt 42 73 PA atp42073.txt 42 91 PA atp42017.txt 42 101 PA atp42017.txt 42 125 PA atp42007.txt 42 129 PA atp42007.txt 47 37 TN atp47037.txt 47 149 TN atp47149.txt 47 165 TN atp47149.txt 47 187 TN atp47149.txt 47 189 TN atp47149.txt 48 85 TX 4808502.atp 48 113 TX atp48113.txt 48 121 TX 4808502.atp 48 141 TX atp48141.txt 48 201 TX atp48113.txt 48 439 TX atp48113.txt 49 11 UT 4901105.atp 3 49 35 UT 4903505.atp 3 49 49 UT 4904905.atp 3 49 57 UT 4905705.atp 3 51 13 VA 5101305.atp 3 51 59 VA 5101305.atp 3 51 107 VA 5110705.atp 3 51 153 VA 5101305.atp 3 51 179 VA 5110705.atp 3 51 510 VA 5101305.atp 3 51 600 VA 5101305.atp 3 51 610 VA 5101305.atp 3 51 683 VA 5101305.atp 3 51 685 VA 5101305.atp 3App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-11 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005

FIPS
State
Code State Name FIPS County

Code County Name Effect.%
6 CALIFORNIA 1 Alameda County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 3 Alpine County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 7 Butte County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 13 Contra Costa County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 17 El Dorado County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 19 Fresno County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 21 Glenn County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 25 Imperial County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 27 Inyo County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 29 Kern County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 31 Kings County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 37 Los Angeles County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 39 Madera County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 41 Marin County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 47 Merced County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 51 Mono County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 53 Monterey County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 55 Napa County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 57 Nevada County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 59 Orange County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 61 Placer County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 63 Plumas County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 65 Riverside County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 67 Sacramento County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 69 San Benito County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 71 San Bernardino County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 73 San Diego County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 75 San Francisco County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 77 San Joaquin County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 79 San Luis Obispo County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 81 San Mateo County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 83 Santa Barbara County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 85 Santa Clara County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 87 Santa Cruz County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 89 Shasta County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 91 Sierra County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 95 Solano County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 97 Sonoma County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 99 Stanislaus County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 101 Sutter County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 107 Tulare County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 109 Tuolumne County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 111 Ventura County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 113 Yolo County 95
6 CALIFORNIA 115 Yuba County 95
9 CONNECTICUT 1 Fairfield County 95
9 CONNECTICUT 3 Hartford County 95
9 CONNECTICUT 5 Litchfield County 95
9 CONNECTICUT 7 Middlesex County 95
9 CONNECTICUT 9 New Haven County 95
9 CONNECTICUT 11 New London County 95
9 CONNECTICUT 13 Tolland County 95App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-12 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005

FIPS
State
Code State Name FIPS County

Code County Name Effect.%
9 CONNECTICUT 15 Windham County 95
10 DELAWARE 1 Kent County 86
10 DELAWARE 3 New Castle County 86
10 DELAWARE 5 Sussex County 86
11 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 1 District of Columbia 86
12 FLORIDA 11 Broward County 95
12 FLORIDA 86 Miami-Dade County 95
12 FLORIDA 99 Palm Beach County 95
13 GEORGIA 57 Cherokee County 86
13 GEORGIA 63 Clayton County 86
13 GEORGIA 67 Cobb County 86
13 GEORGIA 77 Coweta County 86
13 GEORGIA 89 DeKalb County 86
13 GEORGIA 97 Douglas County 86
13 GEORGIA 113 Fayette County 86
13 GEORGIA 117 Forsyth County 86
13 GEORGIA 121 Fulton County 86
13 GEORGIA 135 Gwinnett County 86
13 GEORGIA 151 Henry County 86
13 GEORGIA 223 Paulding County 86
13 GEORGIA 247 Rockdale County 86
17 ILLINOIS 31 Cook County 86
17 ILLINOIS 43 DuPage County 86
17 ILLINOIS 63 Grundy County 86
17 ILLINOIS 89 Kane County 86
17 ILLINOIS 93 Kendall County 86
17 ILLINOIS 97 Lake County 86
17 ILLINOIS 111 McHenry County 86
17 ILLINOIS 197 Will County 86
18 INDIANA 19 Clark County 86
18 INDIANA 43 Floyd County 86
18 INDIANA 89 Lake County 86
18 INDIANA 127 Porter County 86
21 KENTUCKY 15 Boone County 95
21 KENTUCKY 19 Boyd County 95
21 KENTUCKY 29 Bullitt County 95
21 KENTUCKY 37 Campbell County 95
21 KENTUCKY 89 Greenup County 95
21 KENTUCKY 111 Jefferson County 95
21 KENTUCKY 117 Kenton County 95
21 KENTUCKY 185 Oldham County 95
22 LOUISIANA 5 Ascension Parish 95
22 LOUISIANA 33 East Baton Rouge Parish 95
22 LOUISIANA 47 Iberville Parish 95
22 LOUISIANA 63 Livingston Parish 95
22 LOUISIANA 77 Pointe Coupee Parish 95
22 LOUISIANA 121 West Baton Rouge Parish 95
23 MAINE 5 Cumberland County 45*
23 MAINE 23 Sagadahoc County 41*
23 MAINE 31 York County 35*
24 MARYLAND 3 Anne Arundel County 95
24 MARYLAND 5 Baltimore County 95App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-13 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005

FIPS
State
Code State Name FIPS County

Code County Name Effect.%
24 MARYLAND 9 Calvert County 95
24 MARYLAND 13 Carroll County 95
24 MARYLAND 15 Cecil County 95
24 MARYLAND 17 Charles County 95
24 MARYLAND 21 Frederick County 95
24 MARYLAND 25 Harford County 95
24 MARYLAND 27 Howard County 95
24 MARYLAND 31 Montgomery County 95
24 MARYLAND 33 Prince George’s County 95
24 MARYLAND 510 Baltimore city 95
25 MASSACHUSETTS 1 Barnstable County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 3 Berkshire County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 5 Bristol County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 7 Dukes County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 9 Essex County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 11 Franklin County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 13 Hampden County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 15 Hampshire County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 17 Middlesex County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 19 Nantucket County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 21 Norfolk County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 23 Plymouth County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 25 Suffolk County 86
25 MASSACHUSETTS 27 Worcester County 86
29 MISSOURI 71 Franklin County 95
29 MISSOURI 99 Jefferson County 95
29 MISSOURI 183 St. Charles County 95
29 MISSOURI 189 St. Louis County 95
29 MISSOURI 510 St. Louis city 95
32 NEVADA 3 Clark County 95
32 NEVADA 31 Washoe County 95
33 NEW HAMPSHIRE 11 Hillsborough County 86
33 NEW HAMPSHIRE 13 Merrimack County 86
33 NEW HAMPSHIRE 15 Rockingham County 86
33 NEW HAMPSHIRE 17 Strafford County 86
34 NEW JERSEY 1 Atlantic County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 3 Bergen County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 5 Burlington County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 7 Camden County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 9 Cape May County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 11 Cumberland County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 13 Essex County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 15 Gloucester County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 17 Hudson County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 19 Hunterdon County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 21 Mercer County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 23 Middlesex County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 25 Monmouth County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 27 Morris County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 29 Ocean County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 31 Passaic County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 33 Salem County 62App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-14 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005

FIPS
State
Code State Name FIPS County

Code County Name Effect.%
34 NEW JERSEY 35 Somerset County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 37 Sussex County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 39 Union County 62
34 NEW JERSEY 41 Warren County 62
36 NEW YORK 5 Bronx County 90
36 NEW YORK 47 Kings County 90
36 NEW YORK 59 Nassau County 90
36 NEW YORK 61 New York County 90
36 NEW YORK 71 Orange County 90
36 NEW YORK 81 Queens County 90
36 NEW YORK 85 Richmond County 90
36 NEW YORK 87 Rockland County 90
36 NEW YORK 103 Suffolk County 90
36 NEW YORK 119 Westchester County 90
39 OHIO 7 Ashtabula County 77 39 OHIO 17 Butler County 77 39 OHIO 23 Clark County 77 39 OHIO 25 Clermont County 77 39 OHIO 35 Cuyahoga County 77 39 OHIO 55 Geauga County 77 39 OHIO 57 Greene County 77 39 OHIO 61 Hamilton County 77 39 OHIO 85 Lake County 77 39 OHIO 93 Lorain County 77 39 OHIO 103 Medina County 77 39 OHIO 109 Miami County 77 39 OHIO 113 Montgomery County 77 39 OHIO 133 Portage County 77 39 OHIO 153 Summit County 77 39 OHIO 165 Warren County 77 41 OREGON 5 Clackamus County 86
41 OREGON 51 Multnomah County 86
41 OREGON 67 Washington County 86
42 PENNSYLVANIA 3 Allegheny County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 5 Armstrong County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 7 Beaver County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 11 Berks County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 17 Bucks County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 19 Butler County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 29 Chester County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 45 Delaware County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 51 Fayette County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 91 Montgomery County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 101 Philadelphia County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 125 Washington County 95
42 PENNSYLVANIA 129 Westmoreland County 95
44 RHODE ISLAND 1 Bristol County 86
44 RHODE ISLAND 3 Kent County 86
44 RHODE ISLAND 5 Newport County 86
44 RHODE ISLAND 7 Providence County 86
44 RHODE ISLAND 9 Washington County 86
47 TENNESSEE 37 Davidson County 86App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-15 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005

FIPS
State
Code State Name FIPS County

Code County Name Effect.%
47 TENNESSEE 149 Rutherford County 86
47 TENNESSEE 165 Sumner County 86
47 TENNESSEE 187 Williamson County 86
47 TENNESSEE 189 Wilson County 86
48 TEXAS 39 Brazoria County 95
48 TEXAS 71 Chambers County 95
48 TEXAS 85 Collin County 95
48 TEXAS 113 Dallas County 95
48 TEXAS 121 Denton County 95
48 TEXAS 141 El Paso County 95
48 TEXAS 157 Fort Bend County 95
48 TEXAS 167 Galveston County 95
48 TEXAS 199 Hardin County 95
48 TEXAS 201 Harris County 95
48 TEXAS 245 Jefferson County 95
48 TEXAS 291 Liberty County 95
48 TEXAS 339 Montgomery County 95
48 TEXAS 361 Orange County 95
48 TEXAS 439 Tarrant County 95
48 TEXAS 473 Waller County 95
50 VERMONT 1 Addison County 86
50 VERMONT 3 Bennington County 86
50 VERMONT 5 Caledonia County 86
50 VERMONT 7 Chittenden County 86
50 VERMONT 9 Essex County 86
50 VERMONT 11 Franklin County 86
50 VERMONT 13 Grand Isle County 86
50 VERMONT 15 Lamoille County 86
50 VERMONT 17 Orange County 86
50 VERMONT 19 Orleans County 86
50 VERMONT 21 Rutland County 86
50 VERMONT 23 Washington County 86
50 VERMONT 25 Windham County 86
50 VERMONT 27 Windsor County 86
51 VIRGINIA 13 Arlington County 95
51 VIRGINIA 36 Charles City County 95
51 VIRGINIA 41 Chesterfield County 95
51 VIRGINIA 59 Fairfax County 95
51 VIRGINIA 85 Hanover County 95
51 VIRGINIA 87 Henrico County 95
51 VIRGINIA 107 Loudoun County 95
51 VIRGINIA 153 Prince William County 95
51 VIRGINIA 179 Stafford County 95
51 VIRGINIA 510 Alexandria city 95
51 VIRGINIA 570 Colonial Heights city 95
51 VIRGINIA 600 Fairfax city 95
51 VIRGINIA 610 Falls Church city 95
51 VIRGINIA 670 Hopewell city 95
51 VIRGINIA 683 Manassas city 95
51 VIRGINIA 685 Manassas Park city 95
51 VIRGINIA 760 Richmond city 95
53 WASHINGTON 11 Clark County 86App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-16 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005

FIPS
State
Code State Name FIPS County

Code County Name Effect.%
53 WASHINGTON 15 Cowlitz County 86
53 WASHINGTON 33 King County 86
53 WASHINGTON 35 Kitsap County 86
53 WASHINGTON 53 Pierce County 86
53 WASHINGTON 61 Snohomish County 86
55 WISCONSIN 59 Kenosha County 86
55 WISCONSIN 61 Kewaunee County 86
55 WISCONSIN 71 Manitowoc County 86
55 WISCONSIN 79 Milwaukee County 86
55 WISCONSIN 89 Ozaukee County 86
55 WISCONSIN 101 Racine County 86
55 WISCONSIN 117 Sheboygan County 86
55 WISCONSIN 131 Washington County 86
55 WISCONSIN 133 Waukesha County 86

*NOTE: For the 2005 NEI, Maine provided listed values for LDV Stage 2; control effectiveness values of 4, 3, and 3% were submitted for HDV Stage 2 for Cumber land, Sagadahoc, and York counties, respectivelyApp. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-17 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-4. Registration Distribut ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Registration Distribution
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
1 AL Default
2 AK Default
4 AZ 401305 3

4 AZ 401902
4 AZ Default
5 AR Default
6 CA Default
8 CO Default
9 CT Default
10 DE 1000102
10 DE 1000302
10 DE 1000502
11 DC 1100105 3

12 FL Default
13 GA Default
15 HI Default
16 ID Default
17 IL 1703102
17 IL 1711902
17 IL Default
18 IN Default
19 IA 1900102
19 IA 1900302
19 IA 1900502
19 IA 1900702
19 IA 1900902
19 IA 1901102
19 IA 1901302
19 IA 1901502
19 IA 1901702
19 IA 1901902
19 IA 1902102
19 IA 1902302
19 IA 1902502
19 IA 1902702
19 IA 1902902
19 IA 1903102
19 IA 1903302
19 IA 1903502
19 IA 1903702
19 IA 1903902
19 IA 1904102
19 IA 1904302
19 IA 1904502
19 IA 1904702
19 IA 1904902
19 IA 1905102
19 IA 1905302
19 IA 1905502
19 IA 1905702
19 IA 1905902App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-18 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-4. Registration Distribut ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Registration Distribution
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
19 IA 1906102
19 IA 1906302
19 IA 1906502
19 IA 1906702
19 IA 1906902
19 IA 1907102
19 IA 1907302
19 IA 1907502
19 IA 1907702
19 IA 1907902
19 IA 1908102
19 IA 1908302
19 IA 1908502
19 IA 1908702
19 IA 1908902
19 IA 1909102
19 IA 1909302
19 IA 1909502
19 IA 1909702
19 IA 1909902
19 IA 1910102
19 IA 1910302
19 IA 1910502
19 IA 1910702
19 IA 1910902
19 IA 1911102
19 IA 1911302
19 IA 1911502
19 IA 1911702
19 IA 1911902
19 IA 1912102
19 IA 1912302
19 IA 1912502
19 IA 1912702
19 IA 1912902
19 IA 1913102
19 IA 1913302
19 IA 1913502
19 IA 1913702
19 IA 1913902
19 IA 1914102
19 IA 1914302
19 IA 1914502
19 IA 1914702
19 IA 1914902
19 IA 1915102
19 IA 1915302
19 IA 1915502
19 IA 1915702
19 IA 1915902
19 IA 1916102
19 IA 1916302App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-19 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-4. Registration Distribut ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Registration Distribution
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
19 IA 1916502
19 IA 1916702
19 IA 1916902
19 IA 1917102
19 IA 1917302
19 IA 1917502
19 IA 1917702
19 IA 1917902
19 IA 1918102
19 IA 1918302
19 IA 1918502
19 IA 1918702
19 IA 1918902
19 IA 1919102
19 IA 1919302
19 IA 1919502
19 IA 1919702
20 KS Default
21 KY 2111102
21 KY Default
22 LA Default
23 ME Default
24 MD 2400105 3

24 MD 2400305 3

24 MD 2401505 3

24 MD 2402905 3

24 MD 2403505 3

24 MD 2404305 3

25 MA 2500002
26 MI Default
27 MN 2700102
27 MN 2700302
27 MN 2700502
27 MN 2700702
27 MN 2700902
27 MN 2701102
27 MN 2701302
27 MN 2701502
27 MN 2701702
27 MN 2701902
27 MN 2702102
27 MN 2702302
27 MN 2702502
27 MN 2702702
27 MN 2702902
27 MN 2703102
27 MN 2703302
27 MN 2703502
27 MN 2703702
27 MN 2703902
27 MN 2704102
27 MN 2704302App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-20 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-4. Registration Distribut ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Registration Distribution
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
27 MN 2704502
27 MN 2704702
27 MN 2704902
27 MN 2705102
27 MN 2705302
27 MN 2705502
27 MN 2705702
27 MN 2705902
27 MN 2706102
27 MN 2706302
27 MN 2706502
27 MN 2706702
27 MN 2706902
27 MN 2707102
27 MN 2707302
27 MN 2707502
27 MN 2707702
27 MN 2707902
27 MN 2708102
27 MN 2708302
27 MN 2708502
27 MN 2708702
27 MN 2708902
27 MN 2709102
27 MN 2709302
27 MN 2709502
27 MN 2709702
27 MN 2709902
27 MN 2710102
27 MN 2710302
27 MN 2710502
27 MN 2710702
27 MN 2710902
27 MN 2711102
27 MN 2711302
27 MN 2711502
27 MN 2711702
27 MN 2711902
27 MN 2712102
27 MN 2712302
27 MN 2712502
27 MN 2712702
27 MN 2712902
27 MN 2713102
27 MN 2713302
27 MN 2713502
27 MN 2713702
27 MN 2713902
27 MN 2714102
27 MN 2714302
27 MN 2714502
27 MN 2714702App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-21 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-4. Registration Distribut ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Registration Distribution
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
27 MN 2714902
27 MN 2715102
27 MN 2715302
27 MN 2715502
27 MN 2715702
27 MN 2715902
27 MN 2716102
27 MN 2716302
27 MN 2716502
27 MN 2716702
27 MN 2716902
27 MN 2717102
27 MN 2717302
28 MS Default
29 MO Default
30 MT Default
31 NE Default
32 NV Default
33 NH Default
34 NJ 3400102
35 NM Default
36 NY 3600102
36 NY 3600502
37 NC Default
38 ND Default
39 OH 3900102
39 OH 3900302
39 OH 3900502
39 OH 3900702
39 OH 3900902
39 OH 3901102
39 OH 3901302
39 OH 3901502
39 OH 3901702
39 OH 3901902
39 OH 3902102
39 OH 3902302
39 OH 3902502
39 OH 3902702
39 OH 3902902
39 OH 3903102
39 OH 3903302
39 OH 3903502
39 OH 3903702
39 OH 3903902
39 OH 3904102
39 OH 3904302
39 OH 3904502
39 OH 3904702
39 OH 3904902
39 OH 3905102
39 OH 3905302App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-22 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-4. Registration Distribut ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Registration Distribution
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
39 OH 3905502
39 OH 3905702
39 OH 3905902
39 OH 3906102
39 OH 3906302
39 OH 3906502
39 OH 3906702
39 OH 3906902
39 OH 3907102
39 OH 3907302
39 OH 3907502
39 OH 3907702
39 OH 3907902
39 OH 3908102
39 OH 3908302
39 OH 3908502
39 OH 3908702
39 OH 3908902
39 OH 3909102
39 OH 3909302
39 OH 3909502
39 OH 3909702
39 OH 3909902
39 OH 3910102
39 OH 3910302
39 OH 3910502
39 OH 3910702
39 OH 3910902
39 OH 3911102
39 OH 3911302
39 OH 3911502
39 OH 3911702
39 OH 3911902
39 OH 3912102
39 OH 3912302
39 OH 3912502
39 OH 3912702
39 OH 3912902
39 OH 3913102
39 OH 3913302
39 OH 3913502
39 OH 3913702
39 OH 3913902
39 OH 3914102
39 OH 3914302
39 OH 3914502
39 OH 3914702
39 OH 3914902
39 OH 3915102
39 OH 3915302
39 OH 3915502
39 OH 3915702App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-23 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-4. Registration Distribut ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Registration Distribution
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
39 OH 3915902
39 OH 3916102
39 OH 3916302
39 OH 3916502
39 OH 3916702
39 OH 3916902
39 OH 3917102
39 OH 3917302
39 OH 3917502
40 OK Default
41 OR 4100102
41 OR 4100302
41 OR 4100502
41 OR 4100702
41 OR 4100902
41 OR 4101102
41 OR 4101302
41 OR 4101502
41 OR 4101702
41 OR 4101902
41 OR 4102102
41 OR 4102302
41 OR 4102502
41 OR 4102702
41 OR 4102902
41 OR 4103102
41 OR 4103302
41 OR 4103502
41 OR 4103702
41 OR 4103902
41 OR 4104102
41 OR 4104302
41 OR 4104502
41 OR 4104702
41 OR 4104902
41 OR 4105102
41 OR 4105302
41 OR 4105502
41 OR 4105702
41 OR 4105902
41 OR 4106102
41 OR 4106302
41 OR 4106502
41 OR 4106702
41 OR 4106902
41 OR 4107102
42 PA Default
44 RI 4400002
45 SC Default
46 SD Default
47 TN 4700302
47 TN 4703702App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-24 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-4. Registration Distribut ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Registration Distribution
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
47 TN 4706502
47 TN 4709302
47 TN 4715702
47 TN 4716302
47 TN Default
48 TX 4800102
48 TX 4800302
48 TX 4800502
48 TX 4800702
48 TX 4800902
48 TX 4801102
48 TX 4801302
48 TX 4801502
48 TX 4801702
48 TX 4802102
48 TX 4802702
48 TX 4802902
48 TX 4803102
48 TX 4803302
48 TX 4803702
48 TX 4803902
48 TX 4804102
48 TX 4804302
48 TX 4804502
48 TX 4804702
48 TX 4804902
48 TX 4805502
48 TX 4807102
48 TX 4808102
48 TX 4808502
48 TX 4809102
48 TX 4811302
48 TX 4811902
48 TX 4812102
48 TX 4812702
48 TX 4813902
48 TX 4814102
48 TX 4814302
48 TX 4815702
48 TX 4816702
48 TX 4818302
48 TX 4818702
48 TX 4819902
48 TX 4820102
48 TX 4820302
48 TX 4820902
48 TX 4821302
48 TX 4822102
48 TX 4823102
48 TX 4824102
48 TX 4824502
48 TX 4825102App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-25 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-4. Registration Distribut ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Registration Distribution
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
48 TX 4825702
48 TX 4829102
48 TX 4833902
48 TX 4836102
48 TX 4836702
48 TX 4839702
48 TX 4840102
48 TX 4842302
48 TX 4843902
48 TX 4845302
48 TX 4845902
48 TX 4847302
48 TX 4849102
48 TX 4849302
49 UT 4900105 3

49 UT 4900305 3

49 UT 4900505 3

49 UT 4900705 3

49 UT 4900905 3

49 UT 4901105 3

49 UT 4901305 3

49 UT 4901505 3

49 UT 4901705 3

49 UT 4901905 3

49 UT 4902105 3

49 UT 4902305 3

49 UT 4902505 3

49 UT 4902705 3

49 UT 4902905 3

49 UT 4903105 3

49 UT 4903305 3

49 UT 4903505 3

49 UT 4903705 3

49 UT 4903905 3

49 UT 4904105 3

49 UT 4904305 3

49 UT 4904505 3

49 UT 4904705 3

49 UT 4904905 3

49 UT 4905105 3

49 UT 4905305 3

49 UT 4905505 3

49 UT 4905705 3

50 VT 5000002
51 VA 5101305 3

51 VA 5102305 3

51 VA 5103605 3

51 VA 5104105 3

51 VA 5105905 3

51 VA 5106905 3

51 VA 5107305 3

51 VA 5108505 3App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-26 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-4. Registration Distribut ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Registration Distribution
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
51 VA 5108705 3

51 VA 5109305 3

51 VA 5109505 3

51 VA 5110705 3

51 VA 5111305 3

51 VA 5113905 3

51 VA 5114905 3

51 VA 5115305 3

51 VA 5116105 3

51 VA 5117705 3

51 VA 5117905 3

51 VA 5119905 3

51 VA 5151005 3

51 VA 5155005 3

51 VA 5157005 3

51 VA 5160005 3

51 VA 5161005 3

51 VA 5163005 3

51 VA 5165005 3

51 VA 5167005 3

51 VA 5168305 3

51 VA 5168505 3

51 VA 5170005 3

51 VA 5171005 3

51 VA 5173005 3

51 VA 5173505 3

51 VA 5174005 3

51 VA 5176005 3

51 VA 5177005 3

51 VA 5177505 3

51 VA 5180005 3

51 VA 5181005 3

51 VA 5183005 3

51 VA 5184005 3

51 VA Default 3

53 WA 5300002
54 WV Default
55 WI 5500002
56 WY Default
72 PR Default
78 VI Default
All external file names use the file name extension REG. All file names have the form aabbbcc.reg, where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS county and cc is the last two digits of the calendar year. Default m eans that the MOBILE6 default registration
distributions were used.App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-27 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-5. 25-Year Trend of Vehicle Registrations And New Sales in Puerto Rico

Year New Vehicle
Sales Total Vehicle Registrations 1973 138,108 681,596
1974 66,738 738,485
1975 73,388 773,742
1976 83,505 814,373
1977 110,393 830,373
1978 101,254 980,200
1979 103,859 1,035,200
1980 88,000 1,120,312
1981 98,193 1,201,774
1982 66,158 1,228,405
1983 60,987 1,259,111
1984 92,974 1,245,000
1985 116,431 1,353,670
1986 141,219 1,451,281
1987 118,048 1,560,308
1988 131,958 1,551,415
1989 148,459 1,567,319
1990 125,577 1,582,081
1991 116,386 1,516,102
1992 113,682 1,650,709
1993 141,550 1,740,371
1994 146,951 1,872,361
1995 160,394 2,014,207
1996 147,605 2,166,697
1997 180,027 2,272,643

Highway Statistics 2002. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportati on, Washington, DC, 2002.App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-28 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-6. Diesel Sales Fract ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Diesel Sales
Fraction File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
1 AL Default
2 AK Default
4 AZ 0401305 3

4 AZ Default
5 AR Default
6 CA Default
8 CO Default
9 CT Default
10 DE Default
11 DC 1100105 3

12 FL Default
13 GA Default
15 HI Default
16 ID Default
17 IL Default
18 IN Default
19 IA 1900005
20 KS Default
21 KY Default
22 LA Default
23 ME Default
24 MD 2400105 3

24 MD 2400305 3

24 MD 2401505 3

24 MD 2402905 3

24 MD 2403505 3

24 MD 2404305 3

24 MD Default
25 MA Default
26 MI Default
27 MN 2700105
27 MN 2700305
27 MN 2700505
27 MN 2700705
27 MN 2700905
27 MN 2701105
27 MN 2701305
27 MN 2701505
27 MN 2701705
27 MN 2701905
27 MN 2702105
27 MN 2702305
27 MN 2702505
27 MN 2702705
27 MN 2702905
27 MN 2703105
27 MN 2703305
27 MN 2703505
27 MN 2703705
27 MN 2703905
27 MN 2704105App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-29 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-6. Diesel Sales Fract ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Diesel Sales
Fraction File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
27 MN 2704305
27 MN 2704505
27 MN 2704705
27 MN 2704905
27 MN 2705105
27 MN 2705305
27 MN 2705505
27 MN 2705705
27 MN 2705905
27 MN 2706105
27 MN 2706305
27 MN 2706505
27 MN 2706705
27 MN 2706905
27 MN 2707105
27 MN 2707305
27 MN 2707505
27 MN 2707705
27 MN 2707905
27 MN 2708105
27 MN 2708305
27 MN 2708505
27 MN 2708705
27 MN 2708905
27 MN 2709105
27 MN 2709305
27 MN 2709505
27 MN 2709705
27 MN 2709905
27 MN 2710105
27 MN 2710305
27 MN 2710505
27 MN 2710705
27 MN 2710905
27 MN 2711105
27 MN 2711305
27 MN 2711505
27 MN 2711705
27 MN 2711905
27 MN 2712105
27 MN 2712305
27 MN 2712505
27 MN 2712705
27 MN 2712905
27 MN 2713105
27 MN 2713305
27 MN 2713505
27 MN 2713705
27 MN 2713905
27 MN 2714105
27 MN 2714305
27 MN 2714505App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-30 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-6. Diesel Sales Fract ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Diesel Sales
Fraction File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
27 MN 2714705
27 MN 2714905
27 MN 2715105
27 MN 2715305
27 MN 2715505
27 MN 2715705
27 MN 2715905
27 MN 2716105
27 MN 2716305
27 MN 2716505
27 MN 2716705
27 MN 2716905
27 MN 2717105
27 MN 2717305
28 MS Default
29 MO Default
30 MT Default
31 NE Default
32 NV Default
33 NH Default
34 NJ 3400105
35 NM Default
36 NY 3600105
36 NY 3600505
37 NC Default
38 ND Default
39 OH Default
40 OK Default
41 OR Default
42 PA Default
44 RI Default
45 SC Default
46 SD Default
47 TN Default
48 TX 4800105
48 TX 4802105
48 TX 4802905
48 TX 4803905
48 TX 4808505
48 TX 4811305
48 TX 4813905
48 TX 4814105
48 TX 4818305
48 TX 4819905
49 UT Default
50 VT Default
51 VA 5101305 3

51 VA 5105905 3

51 VA 5110705 3

51 VA 5115305 3

51 VA 5117905 3

51 VA 5151005 3App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-31 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-6. Diesel Sales Fract ions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS State Abbreviation Diesel Sales
Fraction File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
51 VA Default
53 WA Default
54 WV Default
55 WI Default
56 WY Default
72 PR Default
78 VI Default

All external file names use the file name extension DSL. All file names have the form aabbbcc.dsl, where aa is the FI PS State, bbb is the FIPS c ounty and cc is the last two digits of the calendar year. Default m eans that the MOBILE6 default diesel sales
fractions were used. NOTE: Diesel Sales Fraction Files for IA, MN, NJ, NY, and TX reported by EPA in NCD
for 2005 NEI Version 1App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-32 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-7. Average Speeds by Road Type and Vehicle Type (mph)

Rural Rural Rural Rural Rural Rural

Interstate Principal
Arterial Minor
Arterial Major
Collector Minor
Collector Local

LDV 60 45 40 35 30 30

LDT 55 45 40 35 30 30

HDV 40 35 30 25 25 25

Urban Urban Urban Urban Urban Urban

Interstate Other Freeways & Expressways Principal
Arterial Minor
Arterial Collector Local

LDV 45 45 20 20 20 20

LDT 45 45 20 20 20 20

HDV 35 35 15 15 15 15

LDV : Passenger cars. LDT : Trucks less than 8,500 lbs. Gro ss Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). HDV : Trucks greater than 8,500 lbs. GVWR.App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-33 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-8. Average Speed Dist ributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS County
FIPS State Abbreviation County Name Average Speed
Distribution
Base File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
10 1 DE Kent County 1000102

10 3 DE New Castle County 1000302

10 5 DE Sussex County 1000502

11 1 DC District of Columbia 1100105 3

19 1 IA Adair County 1900102
19 3 IA Adams County 1900302
19 5 IA Allamakee County 1900502
19 7 IA Appanoose County 1900702
19 9 IA Audubon County 1900902
19 11 IA Benton County 1901102
19 13 IA Black Hawk County 1901302

19 15 IA Boone County 1901502
19 17 IA Bremer County 1901702
19 19 IA Buchanan County 1901902
19 21 IA Buena Vista County 1902102

19 23 IA Butler County 1902302
19 25 IA Calhoun County 1902502
19 27 IA Carroll County 1902702
19 29 IA Cass County 1902902
19 31 IA Cedar County 1903102
19 33 IA Cerro Gordo County 1903302

19 35 IA Cherokee County 1903502
19 37 IA Chickasaw County 1903702
19 39 IA Clarke County 1903902
19 41 IA Clay County 1904102
19 43 IA Clayton County 1904302
19 45 IA Clinton County 1904502
19 47 IA Crawford County 1904702
19 49 IA Dallas County 1904902
19 51 IA Davis County 1905102
19 53 IA Decatur County 1905302
19 55 IA Delaware County 1905502
19 57 IA Des Moines County 1905702

19 59 IA Dickinson County 1905902
19 61 IA Dubuque County 1906102
19 63 IA Emmet County 1906302
19 65 IA Fayette County 1906502
19 67 IA Floyd County 1906702
19 69 IA Franklin County 1906902
19 71 IA Fremont County 1907102
19 73 IA Greene County 1907302
19 75 IA Grundy County 1907502
19 77 IA Guthrie County 1907702
19 79 IA Hamilton County 1907902
19 81 IA Hancock County 1908102
19 83 IA Hardin County 1908302
19 85 IA Harrison County 1908502
19 87 IA Henry County 1908702
19 89 IA Howard County 1908902
19 91 IA Humboldt County 1909102
19 93 IA Ida County 1909302App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-34 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-8. Average Speed Dist ributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS County
FIPS State Abbreviation County Name Average Speed
Distribution
Base File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
19 95 IA Iowa County 1909502
19 97 IA Jackson County 1909702
19 99 IA Jasper County 1909902
19 101 IA Jefferson County 1910102
19 103 IA Johnson County 1910302
19 105 IA Jones County 1910502
19 107 IA Keokuk County 1910702
19 109 IA Kossuth County 1910902
19 111 IA Lee County 1911102
19 113 IA Linn County 1911302
19 115 IA Louisa County 1911502
19 117 IA Lucas County 1911702
19 119 IA Lyon County 1911902
19 121 IA Madison County 1912102
19 123 IA Mahaska County 1912302
19 125 IA Marion County 1912502
19 127 IA Marshall County 1912702
19 129 IA Mills County 1912902
19 131 IA Mitchell County 1913102
19 133 IA Monona County 1913302
19 135 IA Monroe County 1913502
19 137 IA Montgomery County 1913702

19 139 IA Muscatine County 1913902
19 141 IA O’Brien County 1914102
19 143 IA Osceola County 1914302
19 145 IA Page County 1914502
19 147 IA Palo Alto County 1914702
19 149 IA Plymouth County 1914902
19 151 IA Pocahontas County 1915102

19 153 IA Polk County 1915302
19 155 IA Pottawattamie County 1915502

19 157 IA Poweshiek County 1915702
19 159 IA Ringgold County 1915902
19 161 IA Sac County 1916102
19 163 IA Scott County 1916302
19 165 IA Shelby County 1916502
19 167 IA Sioux County 1916702
19 169 IA Story County 1916902
19 171 IA Tama County 1917102
19 173 IA Taylor County 1917302
19 175 IA Union County 1917502
19 177 IA Van Buren County 1917702
19 179 IA Wapello County 1917902
19 181 IA Warren County 1918102
19 183 IA Washington County 1918302

19 185 IA Wayne County 1918502
19 187 IA Webster County 1918702
19 189 IA Winnebago County 1918902
19 191 IA Winneshiek County 1919102

19 193 IA Woodbury County 1919302
19 195 IA Worth County 1919502App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-35 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-8. Average Speed Dist ributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS County
FIPS State Abbreviation County Name Average Speed
Distribution
Base File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
19 197 IA Wright County 1919702

24 1 MD Allegany County 2400002

24 3 MD Anne Arundel County 2400002

24 5 MD Baltimore County 2400002

24 9 MD Calvert County 2400002

24 11 MD Caroline County 2400002

24 13 MD Carroll County 2400002

24 15 MD Cecil County 2400002

24 17 MD Charles County 2400002

24 19 MD Dorchester County 2400002

24 21 MD Frederick County 2400002

24 23 MD Garrett County 2400002

24 25 MD Harford County 2400002

24 27 MD Howard County 2400002

24 29 MD Kent County 2400002

24 31 MD Montgomery County 2400002

24 33 MD Prince George’s County 2400002

24 35 MD Queen Anne’s County 2400002

24 37 MD St. Mary’s County 2400002

24 39 MD Somerset County 2400002

24 41 MD Talbot County 2400002

24 43 MD Washington County 2400002

24 45 MD Wicomico County 2400002

24 47 MD Worcester County 2400002

24 510 MD Baltimore city 2400002
34 1 NJ Atlantic County 3400102
34 3 NJ Bergen County 3400302
34 5 NJ Burlington County 3400502
34 7 NJ Camden County 3400702
34 9 NJ Cape May County 3400902
34 11 NJ Cumberland County 3401102

34 13 NJ Essex County 3401302
34 15 NJ Gloucester County 3401502
34 17 NJ Hudson County 3401702
34 19 NJ Hunterdon County 3401902
34 21 NJ Mercer County 3402102
34 23 NJ Middlesex County 3402302
34 25 NJ Monmouth County 3402502
34 27 NJ Morris County 3402702
34 29 NJ Ocean County 3402902
34 31 NJ Passaic County 3403102
34 33 NJ Salem County 3403302
34 35 NJ Somerset County 3403502
34 37 NJ Sussex County 3403702
34 39 NJ Union County 3403902
34 41 NJ Warren County 3404102
35 1 NM Bernalillo County 3500102

44 1 RI Bristol County 4400002

44 3 RI Kent County 4400002

44 5 RI Newport County 4400002

44 7 RI Providence County 4400002App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-36 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-8. Average Speed Dist ributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS County
FIPS State Abbreviation County Name Average Speed
Distribution
Base File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
44 9 RI Washington County 4400002

49 1 UT Beaver County 4900005 3

49 3 UT Box Elder County 4900005 3

49 5 UT Cache County 4900005 3

49 7 UT Carbon County 4900005 3

49 9 UT Daggett County 4900005 3

49 11 UT Davis County 4901105 3

49 13 UT Duchesne County 4900005 3

49 15 UT Emery County 4900005 3

49 17 UT Garfield County 4900005 3

49 19 UT Grand County 4900005 3

49 21 UT Iron County 4900005 3

49 23 UT Juab County 4900005 3

49 25 UT Kane County 4900005 3

49 27 UT Millard County 4900005 3

49 29 UT Morgan County 4900005 3

49 31 UT Piute County 4900005 3

49 33 UT Rich County 4900005 3

49 35 UT Salt Lake County 4903505 3

49 37 UT San Juan County 4900005 3

49 39 UT Sanpete County 4900005 3

49 41 UT Sevier County 4900005 3

49 43 UT Summit County 4900005 3

49 45 UT Tooele County 4900005 3

49 47 UT Uintah County 4900005 3

49 49 UT Utah County 4904905 3

49 51 UT Wasatch County 4900005 3

49 53 UT Washington County 4900005 3

49 55 UT Wayne County 4900005 3

49 57 UT Weber County 4905705 3

51 1 VA Accomack County 5100102

51 3 VA Albemarle County 5100302

51 5 VA Alleghany County 5100502

51 7 VA Amelia County 5100702

51 9 VA Amherst County 5100902

51 11 VA Appomattox County 5101102

51 13 VA Arlington County 5101302

51 15 VA Augusta County 5101502

51 17 VA Bath County 5101702

51 19 VA Bedford County 5101902

51 21 VA Bland County 5102102

51 23 VA Botetourt County 5102302

51 25 VA Brunswick County 5102502

51 27 VA Buchanan County 5102702

51 29 VA Buckingham County 5102902

51 31 VA Campbell County 5103102

51 33 VA Caroline County 5103302

51 35 VA Carroll County 5103502

51 36 VA Charles City County 5103602

51 37 VA Charlotte County 5103702

51 41 VA Chesterfield County 5104102App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-37 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-8. Average Speed Dist ributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS County
FIPS State Abbreviation County Name Average Speed
Distribution
Base File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
51 43 VA Clarke County 5104302

51 45 VA Craig County 5104502

51 47 VA Culpeper County 5104702

51 49 VA Cumberland County 5104902

51 51 VA Dickenson County 5105102

51 53 VA Dinwiddie County 5105302

51 57 VA Essex County 5105702

51 59 VA Fairfax County 5105902

51 61 VA Fauquier County 5106102

51 63 VA Floyd County 5106302

51 65 VA Fluvanna County 5106502

51 67 VA Franklin County 5106702

51 69 VA Frederick County 5106902

51 71 VA Giles County 5107102

51 73 VA Gloucester County 5107302

51 75 VA Goochland County 5107502

51 77 VA Grayson County 5107702

51 79 VA Greene County 5107902

51 81 VA Greensville County 5108102

51 83 VA Halifax County 5108302

51 85 VA Hanover County 5108502

51 87 VA Henrico County 5108702

51 89 VA Henry County 5108902

51 91 VA Highland County 5109102

51 93 VA Isle of Wight County 5109302

51 95 VA James City County 5109502

51 97 VA King and Queen County 5109702

51 99 VA King George County 5109902

51 101 VA King William County 5110102

51 103 VA Lancaster County 5110302

51 105 VA Lee County 5110502

51 107 VA Loudoun County 5110702

51 109 VA Louisa County 5110902

51 111 VA Lunenburg County 5111102

51 113 VA Madison County 5111302

51 115 VA Mathews County 5111502

51 117 VA Mecklenburg County 5111702

51 119 VA Middlesex County 5111902

51 121 VA Montgomery County 5112102

51 125 VA Nelson County 5112502

51 127 VA New Kent County 5112702

51 131 VA Northampton County 5113102

51 133 VA Northumberland County 5113302

51 135 VA Nottoway County 5113502

51 137 VA Orange County 5113702

51 139 VA Page County 5113902

51 141 VA Patrick County 5114102

51 143 VA Pittsylvania County 5114302

51 145 VA Powhatan County 5114502

51 147 VA Prince Edward County 5114702

51 149 VA Prince George County 5114902App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-38 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-8. Average Speed Dist ributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS County
FIPS State Abbreviation County Name Average Speed
Distribution
Base File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
51 153 VA Prince William County 5115302

51 155 VA Pulaski County 5115502

51 157 VA Rappahannock County 5115702

51 159 VA Richmond County 5115902

51 161 VA Roanoke County 5116102

51 163 VA Rockbridge County 5116302

51 165 VA Rockingham County 5116502

51 167 VA Russell County 5116702

51 169 VA Scott County 5116902

51 171 VA Shenandoah County 5117102

51 173 VA Smyth County 5117302

51 175 VA Southampton County 5117502

51 177 VA Spotsylvania County 5117702

51 179 VA Stafford County 5117902

51 181 VA Surry County 5118102

51 183 VA Sussex County 5118302

51 185 VA Tazewell County 5118502

51 187 VA Warren County 5118702

51 191 VA Washington County 5119102

51 193 VA Westmoreland County 5119302

51 195 VA Wise County 5119502

51 197 VA Wythe County 5119702

51 199 VA York County 5119902

51 510 VA Alexandria city 5151002
51 515 VA Bedford city 5151502
51 520 VA Bristol city 5152002
51 530 VA Buena Vista city 5153002
51 540 VA Charlottesville city 5154002

51 550 VA Chesapeake city 5155002

51 570 VA Colonial Heights city 5157002

51 580 VA Covington city 5158002

51 590 VA Danville city 5159002
51 595 VA Emporia city 5159502
51 600 VA Fairfax city 5160002
51 610 VA Falls Church city 5161002

51 620 VA Franklin city 5162002
51 630 VA Fredericksburg city 5163002
51 640 VA Galax city 5164002
51 650 VA Hampton city 5165002
51 660 VA Harrisonburg city 5166002
51 670 VA Hopewell city 5167002
51 678 VA Lexington city 5167802
51 680 VA Lynchburg city 5168002
51 683 VA Manassas city 5168302
51 685 VA Manassas Park city 5168502
51 690 VA Martinsville city 5169002
51 700 VA Newport News city 5170002
51 710 VA Norfolk city 5171002
51 720 VA Norton city 5172002
51 730 VA Petersburg city 5173002
51 735 VA Poquoson city 5173502App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-39 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-8. Average Speed Dist ributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS County
FIPS State Abbreviation County Name Average Speed
Distribution
Base File Name Provided Updates
for 2005
51 740 VA Portsmouth city 5174002
51 750 VA Radford city 5175002
51 760 VA Richmond city 5176002
51 770 VA Roanoke city 5177002
51 775 VA Salem city 5177502
51 790 VA Staunton city 5179002

51 800 VA Suffolk city 5180002
51 810 VA Virginia Beach city 5181002
51 820 VA Waynesboro city 5182002
51 830 VA Williamsburg city 5183002
51 840 VA Winchester city 5184002

All external file names use the base f ile name with extensions which identif y which of the 12 HPMS roadway types that the speeds apply to. All file names have the form aabbbcc.ddd, where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS county, cc is the last two digits of the cal endar year and ddd indicates the HPMS roadway type.App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-40 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-9. Trip Length Distri butions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
FIPS County
FIPS State Abbreviation County Name Trip Length
File Name Provided Updates
for 2005

11 1 DC District of Columbia 1100105 3 24 9 MD Calvert County 2400002 24 17 MD Charles County 2400002 24 21 MD Frederick County 2400002 24 31 MD Montgomery County 2400002

24 33 MD Prince George’s County 2400002 48 39 TX Brazoria County 4803902 48 71 TX Chambers County 4803902 48 85 TX Collin County 4808502 48 113 TX Dallas County 4811302 48 121 TX Denton County 4808502 48 139 TX Ellis County 4813902 48 157 TX FortBend County 4803902 48 167 TX Galveston County 4803902 48 201 TX Harris County 4803902 48 213 TX Henderson County 4813902 48 221 TX Hood County 4813902 48 231 TX Hunt County 4813902 48 251 TX Johnson County 4813902 48 257 TX Kaufman County 4813902 48 291 TX Liberty County 4803902 48 339 TX Montgomery County 4803902 48 367 TX Parker County 4813902 48 397 TX Rockwall County 4813902 48 439 TX Tarrant County 4811302 48 473 TX Waller County 4803902 51 13 VA Arlington County 5101305 3 51 59 VA Fairfax County 5101305 3 51 107 VA Loudoun County 5101305 3

51 153 VA Prince William County 5101305 3 51 179 VA Stafford County 5101305 3 51 510 VA Alexandria City 5101305 3 51 600 VA Fairfax City 5101305 3

51 610 VA Falls Church City 5101305 3 51 683 VA Manassas City 5101305 3

51 685 VA Manassas Park City 5101305 3

All external file names use the file name extension WDT. All file nam es have the form aabbbcc.wdt, where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS county and cc is the last two di gits of the calendar year.App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-41 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-10. Vehicle Miles Traveled by H our of the Day Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal (S/L/T) Agencies

State
FIPS County
FIPS State Abbreviation County Name VMT by Hour
File Name Provided Updates for
2005 17 31 IL Cook County 1703102 17 43 IL DuPage County 1703102 17 89 IL Kane County 1703102 17 97 IL Lake County 1703102 17 111 IL McHenry County 1703102 17 119 IL Madison County 1711902 17 133 IL Monroe County 1711902 17 163 IL St. Clair County 1711902 17 197 IL Will County 1703102 36 1 NY Albany County 3600102 36 3 NY Allegany County 3600302 36 5 NY Bronx County 3600502 36 7 NY Broome County 3600702 36 9 NY Cattaraugus County 3600302 36 11 NY Cayuga County 3600302 36 13 NY Chautauqua County 3600302 36 15 NY Chemung County 3601502 36 17 NY Chenango County 3600302 36 19 NY Clinton County 3600302 36 21 NY Columbia County 3600302 36 23 NY Cortland County 3600302 36 25 NY Delaware County 3600302 36 27 NY Dutchess County 3602702 36 29 NY Erie County 3602902 36 31 NY Essex County 3600302 36 33 NY Franklin County 3600302 36 35 NY Fulton County 3600302 36 37 NY Genesee County 3600302 36 39 NY Greene County 3600302 36 41 NY Hamilton County 3600302 36 43 NY Herkimer County 3600302 36 45 NY Jefferson County 3600302 36 47 NY Kings County 3604702 36 49 NY Lewis County 3600302 36 51 NY Livingston County 3600302 36 53 NY Madison County 3600302 36 55 NY Monroe County 3605502 36 57 NY Montgomery County 3600302 36 59 NY Nassau County 3605902 36 61 NY New York County 3606102 36 63 NY Niagara County 3606302 36 65 NY Oneida County 3606502 36 67 NY Onondaga County 3606702 36 69 NY Ontario County 3600302 36 71 NY Orange County 3607102 36 73 NY Orleans County 3600302 36 75 NY Oswego County 3600302 36 77 NY Otsego County 3600302 36 79 NY Putnam County 3607902 36 81 NY Queens County 3608102App. A. Local Data for NCD December 2008



### A-42 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 

### Table A-10. Vehicle Miles Traveled by H our of the Day Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal (S/L/T) Agencies

State
FIPS County
FIPS State Abbreviation County Name VMT by Hour
File Name Provided Updates for
2005 36 83 NY Rensselaer County 3608302 36 85 NY Richmond County 3608502 36 87 NY Rockland County 3608702 36 89 NY St. Lawrence County 3600302 36 91 NY Saratoga County 3609102 36 93 NY Schenectady County 3609302 36 95 NY Schoharie County 3600302 36 97 NY Schuyler County 3600302 36 99 NY Seneca County 3600302 36 101 NY Steuben County 3600302 36 103 NY Suffolk County 3610302 36 105 NY Sullivan County 3600302 36 107 NY Tioga County 3600302 36 109 NY Tompkins County 3610902 36 111 NY Ulster County 3600302 36 113 NY Warren County 3611302 36 115 NY Washington County 3611502 36 117 NY Wayne County 3600302 36 119 NY Westchester County 3611902 36 121 NY Wyoming County 3600302 36 123 NY Yates County 3600302 48 85 TX Collin County 4808502 48 113 TX Dallas County 4808502 48 121 TX Denton County 4808502 48 139 TX Ellis County 4813902 48 213 TX Henderson County 4813902 48 221 TX Hood County 4813902 48 231 TX Hunt County 4813902 48 251 TX Johnson County 4813902 48 257 TX Kaufman County 4813902 48 367 TX Parker County 4813902 48 397 TX Rockwall County 4813902 48 439 TX Tarrant County 4808502 49 11 UT Davis County 4901105 3 49 35 UT Salt Lake County 4903505 3 49 49 UT Utah County 4904905 3 49 57 UT Weber County 4905705 3

All external file names use the file name extension VMT. All file nam es have the form aabbbcc.vmt, where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS county and cc is the last two di gits of the calendar year.