# Patent

## Title
Method for measuring interference in wireless communication system, and apparatus therefor

## Abstract

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for measuring, by a user device, interference in a wireless communication system includes the steps of: receiving setting information for a target resource of an interference measurement from a base station; and reporting channel state information (CSI) based on the measured interference, wherein the setting information includes indication information for the interference measurement with respect to subbands or resource blocks of specific sub-frame sets divided according to interference environments, and a CSI process can be set for each of the specific sub-frame sets.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is the National Phase of PCT/KR2013/012099 filed on Dec. 24, 2013, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/748,443 filed on Jan. 2, 2013, all of which are hereby expressly incorporated by reference into the present application.


TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a wireless communication system and, more specifically, relates to a method of measuring interference in a wireless communication system and an apparatus therefor.
BACKGROUND ART
Recently, various devices requiring machine-to-machine (M2M) communication and high data transfer rate, such as smartphones or tablet personal computers (PCs), have appeared and come into widespread use. This has rapidly increased the quantity of data which needs to be processed in a cellular network. In order to satisfy such rapidly increasing data throughput, recently, carrier aggregation (CA) technology which efficiently uses more frequency bands, cognitive ratio technology, multiple antenna (MIMO) technology for increasing data capacity in a restricted frequency, multiple-base-station cooperative technology, etc. have been highlighted. In addition, communication environments have evolved such that the density of accessible nodes is increased in the vicinity of a user equipment (UE). Here, the node includes one or more antennas and refers to a fixed point capable of transmitting/receiving radio frequency (RF) signals to/from the user equipment (UE). A communication system including high-density nodes may provide a communication service of higher performance to the UE by cooperation between nodes.
A multi-node coordinated communication scheme in which a plurality of nodes communicates with a user equipment (UE) using the same time-frequency resources has much higher data throughput than legacy communication scheme in which each node operates as an independent base station (BS) to communicate with the UE without cooperation.
A multi-node system performs coordinated communication using a plurality of nodes, each of which operates as a base station or an access point, an antenna, an antenna group, a remote radio head (RRH), and a remote radio unit (RRU). Unlike the conventional centralized antenna system in which antennas are concentrated at a base station (BS), nodes are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance or more in the multi-node system. The nodes can be managed by one or more base stations or base station controllers which control operations of the nodes or schedule data transmitted/received through the nodes. Each node is connected to a base station or a base station controller which manages the node through a cable or a dedicated line.
The multi-node system can be considered as a kind of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system since dispersed nodes can communicate with a single UE or multiple UEs by simultaneously transmitting/receiving different data streams. However, since the multi-node system transmits signals using the dispersed nodes, a transmission area covered by each antenna is reduced compared to antennas included in the conventional centralized antenna system. Accordingly, transmit power required for each antenna to transmit a signal in the multi-node system can be reduced compared to the conventional centralized antenna system using MIMO. In addition, a transmission distance between an antenna and a UE is reduced to decrease in pathloss and enable rapid data transmission in the multi-node system. This can improve transmission capacity and power efficiency of a cellular system and meet communication performance having relatively uniform quality regardless of UE locations in a cell. Further, the multi-node system reduces signal loss generated during transmission since base station(s) or base station controller(s) connected to a plurality of nodes transmit/receive data in cooperation with each other. When nodes spaced apart by over a predetermined distance perform coordinated communication with a UE, correlation and interference between antennas are reduced. Therefore, a high signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) can be obtained according to the multi-node coordinated communication scheme.
Owing to the above-mentioned advantages of the multi-node system, the multi-node system is used with or replaces the conventional centralized antenna system to become a new foundation of cellular communication in order to reduce base station cost and backhaul network maintenance cost while extending service coverage and improving channel capacity and SINR in next-generation mobile communication systems.
DISCLOSURE
Technical Problem
The present invention proposes a method of measuring interference in a wireless communication system.
Technical problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned technical problems, and other technical problems not mentioned herein may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from description below.
Technical Solution
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method of measuring interference by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, includes receiving configuration information for a target resource of interference measurement from a base station, measuring interference based on the configuration information, and reporting channel state information (CSI) based on the measured interference, wherein the configuration information includes indication information for interference measurement for subbands or resource blocks of particular subframes sets distinguished by interference environments, and a separate CSI process is configured for each of the particular subframes sets.
Preferably, the indication information may include a priority of each subband or each resource block of particular subframes, wherein interference measurement for the subband or the resource block may contribute less to the CSI as the priority decreases.
Preferably, the indication information may include an indicator that indicates whether each subband or each resource block of particular subframes is valid, wherein, when the indicator indicates that a specific subband or resource block is invalid, interference measurement for the specific subband or resource block may not be reflected in the CSI.
Preferably, the interference measurement may not be performed for the specific subband or resource block indicated to be invalid by the indicator.
Preferably, the interference measurement may be performed for the specific subband or resource block indicated to be invalid by the indicator, and a result of the interference measurement may be excluded from a report of the CSI.
Preferably, system bandwidths of the particular subframes sets may be restricted according to the indication information.
Preferably, one of the particular subframes sets may include subframes having configurations changed from an uplink subframe to a downlink subframe in a time division duplex (TDD) system.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a terminal configured such that a UE measures interference in a wireless communication system, includes a radio frequency (RF) unit, and a processor configured to control the RF unit, wherein the processor is configured to receive configuration information for a target resource of interference measurement from a base station, measure interference based on the configuration information, and report CSI based on the measured interference, wherein the configuration information includes indication information for interference measurement for subbands or resource blocks of particular subframes sets distinguished by interference environments, and a separate CSI process is configured for each of the particular subframes sets.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned technical solutions are merely a part of embodiments of the present invention, and various embodiments reflecting technical characteristics of the present invention may be derived and understood by those skilled in the art from detailed description of the present invention given below.
Advantageous Effects
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention may efficiently measure interference in a wireless communication system, thereby more efficiently performing an interference mitigation operation.
Effects that may be obtained from the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned herein may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from description below.



DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of a radio frame used in a wireless communication system.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of a downlink/uplink (DL/UL) slot in the wireless communication system.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of a DL subframe used in a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE)/LTE-advanced (LTE-A) system.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of a UL subframe used in the 3GPP LTE/LTE-A system.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an interference condition that may be generated in the wireless communication system.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a resource region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a resource region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for implementing embodiment(s) of the present invention.



BEST MODE
Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and provide a more detailed description of the present invention. However, the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto.
In some cases, to prevent the concept of the present invention from being ambiguous, structures and apparatuses of the known art will be omitted, or will be shown in the form of a block diagram based on main functions of each structure and apparatus. Also, wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings and the specification to refer to the same or like parts.
In the present invention, a user equipment (UE) is fixed or mobile. The UE is a device that transmits and receives user data and/or control information by communicating with a base station (BS). The term ‘UE’ may be replaced with ‘terminal equipment’, ‘Mobile Station (MS)’, ‘Mobile Terminal (MT)’, ‘User Terminal (UT)’, ‘Subscriber Station (SS)’, ‘wireless device’, ‘Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)’, ‘wireless modem’, ‘handheld device’, etc. A BS is typically a fixed station that communicates with a UE and/or another BS. The BS exchanges data and control information with a UE and another BS. The term ‘BS’ may be replaced with ‘Advanced Base Station (ABS)’, ‘Node B’, ‘evolved-Node B (eNB)’, ‘Base Transceiver System (BTS)’, ‘Access Point (AP)’, ‘Processing Server (PS)’, etc. In the following description, BS is commonly called eNB.
In the present invention, a node refers to a fixed point capable of transmitting/receiving a radio signal to/from a UE by communication with the UE. Various eNBs can be used as nodes. For example, a node can be a BS, NB, eNB, pico-cell eNB (PeNB), home eNB (HeNB), relay, repeater, etc. Furthermore, a node may not be an eNB. For example, a node can be a radio remote head (RRH) or a radio remote unit (RRU). The RRH and RRU have power levels lower than that of the eNB. Since the RRH or RRU (referred to as RRH/RRU hereinafter) is connected to an eNB through a dedicated line such as an optical cable in general, cooperative communication according to RRH/RRU and eNB can be smoothly performed compared to cooperative communication according to eNBs connected through a wireless link. At least one antenna is installed per node. An antenna may refer to an antenna port, a virtual antenna or an antenna group. A node may also be called a point. Unlink a conventional centralized antenna system (CAS) (i.e. single node system) in which antennas are concentrated in an eNB and controlled an eNB controller, plural nodes are spaced apart at a predetermined distance or longer in a multi-node system. The plural nodes can be managed by one or more eNBs or eNB controllers that control operations of the nodes or schedule data to be transmitted/received through the nodes. Each node may be connected to an eNB or eNB controller managing the corresponding node via a cable or a dedicated line. In the multi-node system, the same cell identity (ID) or different cell IDs may be used for signal transmission/reception through plural nodes. When plural nodes have the same cell ID, each of the plural nodes operates as an antenna group of a cell. If nodes have different cell IDs in the multi-node system, the multi-node system can be regarded as a multi-cell (e.g. macro-cell/femto-cell/pico-cell) system. When multiple cells respectively configured by plural nodes are overlaid according to coverage, a network configured by multiple cells is called a multi-tier network. The cell ID of the RRH/RRU may be identical to or different from the cell ID of an eNB. When the RRH/RRU and eNB use different cell IDs, both the RRH/RRU and eNB operate as independent eNBs.
In a multi-node system according to the present invention, which will be described below, one or more eNBs or eNB controllers connected to plural nodes can control the plural nodes such that signals are simultaneously transmitted to or received from a UE through some or all nodes. While there is a difference between multi-node systems according to the nature of each node and implementation form of each node, multi-node systems are discriminated from single node systems (e.g. CAS, conventional MIMO systems, conventional relay systems, conventional repeater systems, etc.) since a plurality of nodes provides communication services to a UE in a predetermined time-frequency resource. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention with respect to a method of performing coordinated data transmission using some or all nodes can be applied to various types of multi-node systems. For example, a node refers to an antenna group spaced apart from another node by a predetermined distance or more, in general. However, embodiments of the present invention, which will be described below, can even be applied to a case in which a node refers to an arbitrary antenna group irrespective of node interval. In the case of an eNB including an X-pole (cross polarized) antenna, for example, the embodiments of the preset invention are applicable on the assumption that the eNB controls a node composed of an H-pole antenna and a V-pole antenna.
A communication scheme through which signals are transmitted/received via plural transmit (Tx)/receive (Rx) nodes, signals are transmitted/received via at least one node selected from plural Tx/Rx nodes, or a node transmitting a downlink signal is discriminated from a node transmitting an uplink signal is called multi-eNB MIMO or CoMP (Coordinated Multi-Point Tx/Rx). Coordinated transmission schemes from among CoMP communication schemes can be categorized into JP (Joint Processing) and scheduling coordination. The former may be divided into JT (Joint Transmission)/JR (Joint Reception) and DPS (Dynamic Point Selection) and the latter may be divided into CS (Coordinated Scheduling) and CB (Coordinated Beamforming). DPS may be called DCS (Dynamic Cell Selection). When JP is performed, more various communication environments can be generated, compared to other CoMP schemes. JT refers to a communication scheme by which plural nodes transmit the same stream to a UE and JR refers to a communication scheme by which plural nodes receive the same stream from the UE. The UE/eNB combine signals received from the plural nodes to restore the stream. In the case of JT/JR, signal transmission reliability can be improved according to transmit diversity since the same stream is transmitted from/to plural nodes. DPS refers to a communication scheme by which a signal is transmitted/received through a node selected from plural nodes according to a specific rule. In the case of DPS, signal transmission reliability can be improved because a node having a good channel state between the node and a UE is selected as a communication node.
In the present invention, a cell refers to a specific geographical area in which one or more nodes provide communication services. Accordingly, communication with a specific cell may mean communication with an eNB or a node providing communication services to the specific cell. A downlink/uplink signal of a specific cell refers to a downlink/uplink signal from/to an eNB or a node providing communication services to the specific cell. A cell providing uplink/downlink communication services to a UE is called a serving cell. Furthermore, channel status/quality of a specific cell refers to channel status/quality of a channel or a communication link generated between an eNB or a node providing communication services to the specific cell and a UE. In 3GPP LTE-A systems, a UE can measure downlink channel state from a specific node using one or more CSI-RSs (Channel State Information Reference Signals) transmitted through antenna port(s) of the specific node on a CSI-RS resource allocated to the specific node. In general, neighboring nodes transmit CSI-RS resources on orthogonal CSI-RS resources. When CSI-RS resources are orthogonal, this means that the CSI-RS resources have different subframe configurations and/or CSI-RS sequences which specify subframes to which CSI-RSs are allocated according to CSI-RS resource configurations, subframe offsets and transmission periods, etc. which specify symbols and subcarriers carrying the CSI RSs.
In the present invention, PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel)/PCFICH (Physical Control Format Indicator Channel)/PHICH (Physical Hybrid automatic repeat request Indicator Channel)/PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) refer to a set of time-frequency resources or resource elements respectively carrying DCI (Downlink Control Information)/CFI (Control Format Indicator)/downlink ACK/NACK (Acknowlegement/Negative ACK)/downlink data. In addition, PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel)/PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel)/PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel) refer to sets of time-frequency resources or resource elements respectively carrying UCI (Uplink Control Information)/uplink data/random access signals. In the present invention, a time-frequency resource or a resource element (RE), which is allocated to or belongs to PDCCH/PCFICH/PHICH/PDSCH/PUCCH/PUSCH/PRACH, is referred to as a PDCCH/PCFICH/PHICH/PDSCH/PUCCH/PUSCH/PRACH RE or PDCCH/PCFICH/PHICH/PDSCH/PUCCH/PUSCH/PRACH resource. In the following description, transmission of PUCCH/PUSCH/PRACH by a UE is equivalent to transmission of uplink control information/uplink data/random access signal through or on PUCCH/PUSCH/PRACH. Furthermore, transmission of PDCCH/PCFICH/PHICH/PDSCH by an eNB is equivalent to transmission of downlink data/control information through or on PDCCH/PCFICH/PHICH/PDSCH.
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary radio frame structure used in a wireless communication system. FIG. 1(a) illustrates a frame structure for frequency division duplex (FDD) used in 3GPP LTE/LTE-A and FIG. 1(b) illustrates a frame structure for time division duplex (TDD) used in 3GPP LTE/LTE-A.
Referring to FIG. 1, a radio frame used in 3GPP LTE/LTE-A has a length of 10 ms (307200 Ts) and includes 10 subframes in equal size. The 10 subframes in the radio frame may be numbered. Here, Ts denotes sampling time and is represented as Ts=1/(2048*15 kHz). Each subframe has a length of 1 ms and includes two slots. 20 slots in the radio frame can be sequentially numbered from 0 to 19. Each slot has a length of 0.5 ms. A time for transmitting a subframe is defined as a transmission time interval (TTI). Time resources can be discriminated by a radio frame number (or radio frame index), subframe number (or subframe index) and a slot number (or slot index).
The radio frame can be configured differently according to duplex mode. Downlink transmission is discriminated from uplink transmission by frequency in FDD mode, and thus the radio frame includes only one of a downlink subframe and an uplink subframe in a specific frequency band. In TDD mode, downlink transmission is discriminated from uplink transmission by time, and thus the radio frame includes both a downlink subframe and an uplink subframe in a specific frequency band.
Table 1 shows DL-UL configurations of subframes in a radio frame in the TDD mode.









TABLE 1







DL-UL
Downlink-



config-
to-Uplink Switch-
Subframe number


















uration
point periodicity
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9





0
5 ms
D
S
U
U
U
D
S
U
U
U


1
5 ms
D
S
U
U
D
D
S
U
U
D


2
5 ms
D
S
U
D
D
D
S
U
D
D


3
10 ms 
D
S
U
U
U
D
D
D
D
D


4
10 ms 
D
S
U
U
D
D
D
D
D
D


5
10 ms 
D
S
U
D
D
D
D
D
D
D


6
5 ms
D
S
U
U
U
D
S
U
U
D









In Table 1, D denotes a downlink subframe, U denotes an uplink subframe and S denotes a special subframe. The special subframe includes three fields of DwPTS (Downlink Pilot TimeSlot), GP (Guard Period), and UpPTS (Uplink Pilot TimeSlot). DwPTS is a period reserved for downlink transmission and UpPTS is a period reserved for uplink transmission. Table 2 shows special subframe configuration.









TABLE 2








Normal cyclic prefix in downlink
Extended cyclic prefix in downlink













UpPTS

UpPTS
















Extended

Normal
Extended


Special

Normal
cyclic

cyclic
cyclic


subframe

cyclic prefix
prefix in

prefix in
prefix in


configuration
DwPTS
in uplink
uplink
DwPTS
uplink
uplink





0
 6592 · Ts
2192 · Ts
2560 · Ts
 7680 · Ts
2192 · Ts
2560 · Ts


1
19760 · Ts


20480 · Ts




2
21952 · Ts


23040 · Ts




3
24144 · Ts


25600 · Ts




4
26336 · Ts


 7680 · Ts
4384 · Ts
5120 · Ts


5
 6592 · Ts
4384 · Ts
5120 · Ts
20480 · Ts




6
19760 · Ts


23040 · Ts




7
21952 · Ts


12800 · Ts




8
24144 · Ts


—
—
—









FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary downlink/uplink slot structure in a wireless communication system. Particularly, FIG. 2 illustrates a resource grid structure in 3GPP LTE/LTE-A. A resource grid is present per antenna port.
Referring to FIG. 2, a slot includes a plurality of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols in the time domain and a plurality of resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain. An OFDM symbol may refer to a symbol period. A signal transmitted in each slot may be represented by a resource grid composed of NRBDL/UL*NscRB subcarriers and NsymbDL/UL OFDM symbols. Here, NRBDL denotes the number of RBs in a downlink slot and NRBUL denotes the number of RBs in an uplink slot. NsymbUL and NRBUL respectively depend on a DL transmission bandwidth and a UL transmission bandwidth. NsymbDL denotes the number of OFDM symbols in the downlink slot and NsymbUL denotes the number of OFDM symbols in the uplink slot. In addition, NscRB denotes the number of subcarriers constructing one RB.
An OFDM symbol may be called an SC-FDM (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbol according to multiple access scheme. The number of OFDM symbols included in a slot may depend on a channel bandwidth and the length of a cyclic prefix (CP). For example, a slot includes 7 OFDM symbols in the case of normal CP and 6 OFDM symbols in the case of extended CP. While FIG. 2 illustrates a subframe in which a slot includes 7 OFDM symbols for convenience, embodiments of the present invention can be equally applied to subframes having different numbers of OFDM symbols. Referring to FIG. 2, each OFDM symbol includes NRBDL/UL*NscRB subcarriers in the frequency domain. Subcarrier types can be classified into a data subcarrier for data transmission, a reference signal subcarrier for reference signal transmission, and null subcarriers for a guard band and a direct current (DC) component. The null subcarrier for a DC component is a subcarrier remaining unused and is mapped to a carrier frequency (f0) during OFDM signal generation or frequency up-conversion. The carrier frequency is also called a center frequency.
An RB is defined by NsymbDL/UL (e.g. 7) consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain and NscRB (e.g. 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For reference, a resource composed by an OFDM symbol and a subcarrier is called a resource element (RE) or a tone. Accordingly, an RB is composed of NsymbDL/UL*NscRB REs. Each RE in a resource grid can be uniquely defined by an index pair (k, l) in a slot. Here, k is an index in the range of 0 to NsymbDL/UL*NscRB−1 in the frequency domain and 1 is an index in the range of 0 to NsymbDL/UL−1.
Two RBs that occupy NscRB consecutive subcarriers in a subframe and respectively disposed in two slots of the subframe are called a physical resource block (PRB) pair. Two RBs constituting a PRB pair have the same PRB number (or PRB index). A virtual resource block (VRB) is a logical resource allocation unit for resource allocation. The VRB has the same size as that of the PRB. The VRB may be divided into a localized VRB and a distributed VRB depending on a mapping scheme of VRB into PRB. The localized VRBs are mapped into the PRBs, whereby VRB number (VRB index) corresponds to PRB number. That is, nPRB=nVRB is obtained. Numbers are given to the localized VRBs from 0 to NVRBDL−1, and NVRBDL=NRBDL is obtained. Accordingly, according to the localized mapping scheme, the VRBs having the same VRB number are mapped into the PRBs having the same PRB number at the first slot and the second slot. On the other hand, the distributed VRBs are mapped into the PRBs through interleaving. Accordingly, the VRBs having the same VRB number may be mapped into the PRBs having different PRB numbers at the first slot and the second slot. Two PRBs, which are respectively located at two slots of the subframe and have the same VRB number, will be referred to as a pair of VRBs.
FIG. 3 illustrates a downlink (DL) subframe structure used in 3GPP LTE/LTE-A.
Referring to FIG. 3, a DL subframe is divided into a control region and a data region. A maximum of three (four) OFDM symbols located in a front portion of a first slot within a subframe correspond to the control region to which a control channel is allocated. A resource region available for PDCCH transmission in the DL subframe is referred to as a PDCCH region hereinafter. The remaining OFDM symbols correspond to the data region to which a physical downlink shared chancel (PDSCH) is allocated. A resource region available for PDSCH transmission in the DL subframe is referred to as a PDSCH region hereinafter. Examples of downlink control channels used in 3GPP LTE include a physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH), etc. The PCFICH is transmitted at a first OFDM symbol of a subframe and carries information regarding the number of OFDM symbols used for transmission of control channels within the subframe. The PHICH is a response of uplink transmission and carries an HARQ acknowledgment (ACK)/negative acknowledgment (NACK) signal.
Control information carried on the PDCCH is called downlink control information (DCI). The DCI contains resource allocation information and control information for a UE or a UE group. For example, the DCI includes a transport format and resource allocation information of a downlink shared channel (DL-SCH), a transport format and resource allocation information of an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH), paging information of a paging channel (PCH), system information on the DL-SCH, information about resource allocation of an upper layer control message such as a random access response transmitted on the PDSCH, a transmit control command set with respect to individual UEs in a UE group, a transmit power control command, information on activation of a voice over IP (VoIP), downlink assignment index (DAI), etc. The transport format and resource allocation information of the DL-SCH are also called DL scheduling information or a DL grant and the transport format and resource allocation information of the UL-SCH are also called UL scheduling information or a UL grant. The size and purpose of DCI carried on a PDCCH depend on DCI format and the size thereof may be varied according to coding rate. Various formats, for example, formats 0 and 4 for uplink and formats 1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3 and 3A for downlink, have been defined in 3GPP LTE. Control information such as a hopping flag, information on RB allocation, modulation coding scheme (MCS), redundancy version (RV), new data indicator (NDI), information on transmit power control (TPC), cyclic shift demodulation reference signal (DMRS), UL index, channel quality information (CQI) request, DL assignment index, HARQ process number, transmitted precoding matrix indicator (TPMI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), etc. is selected and combined based on DCI format and transmitted to a UE as DCI.
In general, a DCI format for a UE depends on transmission mode (TM) set for the UE. In other words, only a DCI format corresponding to a specific TM can be used for a UE configured in the specific TM.
A PDCCH is transmitted on an aggregation of one or several consecutive control channel elements (CCEs). The CCE is a logical allocation unit used to provide the PDCCH with a coding rate based on a state of a radio channel. The CCE corresponds to a plurality of resource element groups (REGs). For example, a CCE corresponds to 9 REGs and an REG corresponds to 4 REs. 3GPP LTE defines a CCE set in which a PDCCH can be located for each UE. A CCE set from which a UE can detect a PDCCH thereof is called a PDCCH search space, simply, search space. An individual resource through which the PDCCH can be transmitted within the search space is called a PDCCH candidate. A set of PDCCH candidates to be monitored by the UE is defined as the search space. In 3GPP LTE/LTE-A, search spaces for DCI formats may have different sizes and include a dedicated search space and a common search space. The dedicated search space is a UE-specific search space and is configured for each UE. The common search space is configured for a plurality of UEs. Aggregation levels defining the search space is as follows.








TABLE 3







Search Space












Aggregation Level
Size 
Number of PDCCH


Type
L
[in CCEs]
candidates M(L)













UE-specific
1
6
6



2
12
6



4
8
2



8
16
2


Common
4
16
4



8
16
2









A PDCCH candidate corresponds to 1, 2, 4 or 8 CCEs according to CCE aggregation level. An eNB transmits a PDCCH (DCI) on an arbitrary PDCCH candidate with in a search space and a UE monitors the search space to detect the PDCCH (DCI). Here, monitoring refers to attempting to decode each PDCCH in the corresponding search space according to all monitored DCI formats. The UE can detect the PDCCH thereof by monitoring plural PDCCHs. Since the UE does not know the position in which the PDCCH thereof is transmitted, the UE attempts to decode all PDCCHs of the corresponding DCI format for each subframe until a PDCCH having the ID thereof is detected. This process is called blind detection (or blind decoding (BD)).
The eNB can transmit data for a UE or a UE group through the data region. Data transmitted through the data region may be called user data. For transmission of the user data, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) may be allocated to the data region. A paging channel (PCH) and downlink-shared channel (DL-SCH) are transmitted through the PDSCH. The UE can read data transmitted through the PDSCH by decoding control information transmitted through a PDCCH. Information representing a UE or a UE group to which data on the PDSCH is transmitted, how the UE or UE group receives and decodes the PDSCH data, etc. is included in the PDCCH and transmitted. For example, if a specific PDCCH is CRC (cyclic redundancy check)-masked having radio network temporary identify (RNTI) of “A” and information about data transmitted using a radio resource (e.g. frequency position) of “B” and transmission format information (e.g. transport block size, modulation scheme, coding information, etc.) of “C” is transmitted through a specific DL subframe, the UE monitors PDCCHs using RNTI information and a UE having the RNTI of “A” detects a PDCCH and receives a PDSCH indicated by “B” and “C” using information about the PDCCH.
A reference signal (RS) to be compared with a data signal is necessary for the UE to demodulate a signal received from the eNB. A reference signal refers to a predetermined signal having a specific waveform, which is transmitted from the eNB to the UE or from the UE to the eNB and known to both the eNB and UE. The reference signal is also called a pilot. Reference signals are categorized into a cell-specific RS shared by all UEs in a cell and a modulation RS (DM RS) dedicated for a specific UE. A DM RS transmitted by the eNB for demodulation of downlink data for a specific UE is called a UE-specific RS. Both or one of DM RS and CRS may be transmitted on downlink. When only the DM RS is transmitted without CRS, an RS for channel measurement needs to be additionally provided because the DM RS transmitted using the same precoder as used for data can be used for demodulation only. For example, in 3GPP LTE(-A), CSI-RS corresponding to an additional RS for measurement is transmitted to the UE such that the UE can measure channel state information. CSI-RS is transmitted in each transmission period corresponding to a plurality of subframes based on the fact that channel state variation with time is not large, unlike CRS transmitted per subframe.
FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary uplink subframe structure used in 3GPP LTE/LTE-A.
Referring to FIG. 4, a UL subframe can be divided into a control region and a data region in the frequency domain. One or more PUCCHs (physical uplink control channels) can be allocated to the control region to carry uplink control information (UCI). One or more PUSCHs (Physical uplink shared channels) may be allocated to the data region of the UL subframe to carry user data.
In the UL subframe, subcarriers spaced apart from a DC subcarrier are used as the control region. In other words, subcarriers corresponding to both ends of a UL transmission bandwidth are assigned to UCI transmission. The DC subcarrier is a component remaining unused for signal transmission and is mapped to the carrier frequency PO during frequency up-conversion. A PUCCH for a UE is allocated to an RB pair belonging to resources operating at a carrier frequency and RBs belonging to the RB pair occupy different subcarriers in two slots. Assignment of the PUCCH in this manner is represented as frequency hopping of an RB pair allocated to the PUCCH at a slot boundary. When frequency hopping is not applied, the RB pair occupies the same subcarrier.
The PUCCH can be used to transmit the following control information.

    
    
        Scheduling Request (SR): This is information used to request a UL-SCH resource and is transmitted using On-Off Keying (OOK) scheme.
        HARQ ACK/NACK: This is a response signal to a downlink data packet on a PDSCH and indicates whether the downlink data packet has been successfully received. A 1-bit ACK/NACK signal is transmitted as a response to a single downlink codeword and a 2-bit ACK/NACK signal is transmitted as a response to two downlink codewords. HARQ-ACK responses include positive ACK (ACK), negative ACK (HACK), discontinuous transmission (DTX) and NACK/DTX. Here, the term HARQ-ACK is used interchangeably with the term HARQ ACK/NACK and ACK/NACK.
        Channel State Indicator (CSI): This is feedback information about a downlink channel. Feedback information regarding MIMO includes a rank indicator (RI) and a precoding matrix indicator (PMI).
    
    


The quantity of control information (UCI) that a UE can transmit through a subframe depends on the number of SC-FDMA symbols available for control information transmission. The SC-FDMA symbols available for control information transmission correspond to SC-FDMA symbols other than SC-FDMA symbols of the subframe, which are used for reference signal transmission. In the case of a subframe in which a sounding reference signal (SRS) is configured, the last SC-FDMA symbol of the subframe is excluded from the SC-FDMA symbols available for control information transmission. A reference signal is used to detect coherence of the PUCCH. The PUCCH supports various formats according to information transmitted thereon. Table 4 shows the mapping relationship between PUCCH formats and UCI in LTE/LTE-A.











TABLE 4







Number of






bits per




PUCCH
Modulation
subframe,




format
scheme
Mbit
Usage
Etc.







1
N/A
N/A
SR (Scheduling






Request)



1a
BPSK
1
ACK/NACK or
One codeword





SR + ACK/NACK



1b
QPSK
2
ACK/NACK or
Two codeword





SR + ACK/NACK



2
QPSK
20
CQI/PMI/RI
Joint coding






ACK/NACK






(extended






CP)


2a
QPSK + BPSK
21
CQI/PMI/RI +
Normal CP





ACK/NACK
only


2b
QPSK + QPSK
22
CQI/PMI/RI +
Normal CP





ACK/NACK
only


3
QPSK
48
ACK/NACK or






SR + ACK/NACK or






CQI/PMI/RI +






ACK/NACK









Referring to Table 4, PUCCH formats 1/1a/1b are used to transmit ACK/NACK information, PUCCH format 2/2a/2b are used to carry CSI such as CQI/PMI/RI and PUCCH format 3 is used to transmit ACK/NACK information.
Reference Signal (RS)
When a packet is transmitted in a wireless communication system, signal distortion may occur during transmission since the packet is transmitted through a radio channel. To correctly receive a distorted signal at a receiver, the distorted signal needs to be corrected using channel information. To detect channel information, a signal known to both a transmitter and the receiver is transmitted and channel information is detected with a degree of distortion of the signal when the signal is received through a channel. This signal is called a pilot signal or a reference signal.
When data is transmitted/received using multiple antennas, the receiver can receive a correct signal only when the receiver is aware of a channel state between each transmit antenna and each receive antenna. Accordingly, a reference signal needs to be provided per transmit antenna, more specifically, per antenna port.
Reference signals can be classified into an uplink reference signal and a downlink reference signal. In LTE, the uplink reference signal includes:
i) a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for channel estimation for coherent demodulation of information transmitted through a PUSCH and a PUCCH; and
ii) a sounding reference signal (SRS) used for an eNB to measure uplink channel quality at a frequency of a different network.
The downlink reference signal includes:
i) a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) shared by all UEs in a cell;
ii) a UE-specific reference signal for a specific UE only;
iii) a DMRS transmitted for coherent demodulation when a PDSCH is transmitted;
iv) a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for delivering channel state information (CSI) when a downlink DMRS is transmitted;
v) a multimedia broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN) reference signal transmitted for coherent demodulation of a signal transmitted in MBSFN mode; and
vi) a positioning reference signal used to estimate geographic position information of a UE.
Reference signals can be classified into a reference signal for channel information acquisition and a reference signal for data demodulation. The former needs to be transmitted in a wide band as it is used for a UE to acquire channel information on downlink transmission and received by a UE even if the UE does not receive downlink data in a specific subframe. This reference signal is used even in a handover situation. The latter is transmitted along with a corresponding resource by an eNB when the eNB transmits a downlink signal and is used for a UE to demodulate data through channel measurement. This reference signal needs to be transmitted in a region in which data is transmitted.
CSI Report
In a 3GPP LTE(-A) system, a user equipment (UE) reports channel state information (CSI) to a base station (BS) and CSI refers to information indicating quality of a radio channel (or a link) formed between the UE and an antenna port. For example, the CSI includes a rank indicator (RI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a channel quality indicator (CQI), etc. Here, the RI indicates rank information of a channel and means the number of streams received by the UE via the same time-frequency resources. Since the value of the RI is determined depending on long term fading of the channel, the RI is fed from the UE back to the BS with periodicity longer than that of the PMI or the CQI. The PMI has a channel space property and indicates a precoding index preferred by the UE based on a metric such a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). The CQI indicates the strength of the channel and means a reception SINR obtained when the BS uses the PMI.
Based on measurement of the radio channel, the UE may calculate a preferred PMI and RI, which may derive an optimal or best transfer rate when used by the BS, in a current channel state and feed the calculated PMI and RI back to the BS. The CQI refers to a modulation and coding scheme for providing acceptable packet error probability for the fed-back PMI/RI.
Meanwhile, in an LTE-A system which includes more accurate MU-MIMO and explicit CoMP operations, current CSI feedback is defined in LTE and thus may not sufficiently support operations to be newly introduced. As requirements for CSI feedback accuracy become more complex in order to obtain sufficient MU-MIMO or CoMP throughput gain, the PMI is composed of two PMIs such as a long term/wideband PMI (W1) and a short term/subband PMI (W2). In other words, a final PMI is expressed by a function of W1 and W2. For example, the final PMI W may be defined as follows: W=W1*W2 or W=W2*W1. Accordingly, in LTE-A, a CSI may be composed of RI, W1, W2 and CQI.
In the 3GPP LTE(-A) system, an uplink channel used for CSI transmission is shown in Table 5 below.









TABLE 5






Periodic CSI 
Aperiodic CSI


Scheduling scheme
transmission
transmission







Frequency non-selective
PUCCH
—


Frequency selective
PUCCH
PUSCH









Referring to Table 5, the CSI may be transmitted using a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) with periodicity determined by a higher layer or may be aperiodically transmitted using a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) according to the demand of a scheduler. If the CSI is transmitted using the PUSCH, only frequency selective scheduling method and an aperiodic CSI transmission method are possible. Hereinafter, the scheduling scheme and a CSI transmission scheme according to periodicity will be described.
1) CQI/PMI/RI Transmission Via PUSCH after Receiving CSI Transmission Request Control Signal.
A control signal for requesting transmission of a CSI may be included in a PUSCH scheduling control signal (UL grant) transmitted via a PDCCH signal. Table 5 below shows the mode of the UE when the CQI, the PMI and the RI are transmitted via the PUSCH.









TABLE 6









PMI Feedback Type













No PMI
Single PMI
Multiple PMIs





PUSCH 
Wideband


Mode 1-2


CQI 
(Wideband CQI)





Feedback 
UE selected
Mode 2-0

Mode 2-2


Type
(Subband CQI)






Higher Layer-
Mode 3-0
Mode 3-1




configured






(Subband CQI)









The transmission mode of Table 6 is selected at a higher layer and the CQI/PMI/RI is transmitted in the same PUSCH subframe. Hereinafter, an uplink transmission method of the UE according to mode will be described.
Mode 1-2 indicates the case in which a precoding matrix is selected on the assumption that data is transmitted via only a subband with respect to each subband. The UE generates a CQI on the assumption that a precoding matrix is selected with respect to an entire set S specified by a higher layer or a system bandwidth. In Mode 1-2, the UE may transmit the CQI and the PMI value of each subband. At this time, the size of each subband may be changed according to system bandwidth.
In mode 2-0, the UE may select M preferred subbands with respect to the set S specified at the higher layer or the system bandwidth. The UE may generate one CQI value on the assumption that data is transmitted with respect to the selected M subbands. The UE preferably reports one CQI (wideband CQI) value with respect to the set S or the system bandwidth. The UE defines the CQI value of each codeword in the form of a difference if a plurality of codewords is present with respect to the selected M subbands.
At this time, the differential CQI value is determined by a difference between an index corresponding to the CQI value of the selected M subbands and a wideband CQI (WB-CQI) index.
In Mode 2-0, the UE may transmit a CQI value generated with respect to a specified set S or an entire set and one CQI value for the selected M subbands to the BS. At this time, the size of the subband and the M value may be changed according to system bandwidth.
In Mode 2-2, the UE may simultaneously select the locations of M preferred subbands and a single precoding matrix for the M preferred subbands on the assumption that data is transmitted via the M preferred subbands. At this time, the CQI value for the M preferred subbands is defined per codeword. In addition, the UE further generates a wideband CQI value with respect to the specified set S or the system bandwidth.
In Mode 2-2, the UE may transmit information about the locations of the M preferred subbands, one CQI value for the selected M subbands, a single PMI for the M preferred subbands, a wideband PMI and a wideband CQI value to the BS. At this time, the size of the subband and the M value may be changed according to system bandwidth.
In Mode 3-0, the UE generates a wideband CQI value. The UE generates the CQI value for each subband on the assumption that data is transmitted via each subband. At this time, even in case of RI>1, the CQI value indicates only the CQI value for a first codeword.
In Mode 3-1, the UE generates a single precoding matrix with respect to the specified set S or the system bandwidth. The UE generates a subband CQI on a per codeword basis on the assumption of the single precoding matrix generated with respect to each subband. In addition, the UE may generate a wideband CQI on the assumption of a single precoding matrix. The CQI value of each subband may be expressed in the form of a difference. The subband CQI value is calculated by a difference between a subband CQI index and a wideband CQI index. At this time, the size of the subband may be changed according to system bandwidth.
2) Periodic CQI/PMI/RI Transmission Via PUCCH
The UE may periodically transmit the CSI (e.g., CQI/PMI/RI information) to the BS via the PUCCH. If the UE receives a control signal for requesting transmission of user data, the UE may transmit the CQI via the PUCCH. Even when the control signal is transmitted via the PUSCH, the CQI/PMI/RI may be transmitted using one of the modes defined in Table 7 below.









TABLE 7









PMI feedback type












No PMI
Single PMI





PUCCH CQI
Wideband
Mode 1-0
Mode 1-1


feedback type 
(wideband CQI)





UE selection 
Mode 2-0
Mode 2-1



(subband CQI)









The UE may have the transmission modes shown in Table 7. Referring to Table 7, in Mode 2-0 and Mode 2-1, a bandwidth (BP) part is a set of subbands continuously located in a frequency domain and may cover a system bandwidth or a specified set S. In Table 7, the size of each subband, the size of the BP and the number of BPs may be changed according to system bandwidth. In addition, the UE transmits the CQI in a frequency domain in ascending order per BP so as to cover the system bandwidth or the specified set S.
According to a transmission combination of the CQI/PMI/RI, the UE may have the following four transmission types.
i) Type 1: A subband CQI (SB-CQI) of Mode 2-0 and Mode 2-1 is transmitted.
ii) Type 2: A wideband CQI and a PMI (WB-CQI/PMI) are transmitted.
iii) Type 3: An RI is transmitted.
iv) Type 4: A wideband CQI is transmitted.
If the UE transmits the RI and the wideband CQI/PMI, the CQI/PMI is transmitted in subframes having different offsets and periodicities. In addition, if the RI and the wideband CQI/PMI should be transmitted in the same subframe, the CQI/PMI is not transmitted.
In Table 7, the transmission periodicity of the wideband CQI/PMI and the subband CQI is P and has the following properties.

    
    
        The wideband CQI/PMI has periodicity of H*P. At this time, H=J*K+1, wherein J denotes the number of BPs and K denotes the number of periodicities of the BP. That is, the UE performs transmission at {0, H, 2H, . . . }.
        The CQI is transmitted at a time of J*K rather than when the wideband CQI/PMI is transmitted.
    
    


In Table 7, the transmission periodicity of the RI is a multiple m of that of the wideband CQI/PMI and has the following properties.

    
    
        The offsets of the RI and the wideband CQI/PMI are 0 and, if the RI and the wideband CQI/PMI are transmitted in the same subframe, the wideband CQI/PMI is not transmitted.
    
    


Parameters P, H, K and O described in Table 7 are all determined at the higher layer of the UE and signaled to a physical layer of the UE.
Hereinafter, a feedback operation according to the mode of the UE will be described with reference to Table 7. If the UE is in Mode 1-0 and the RI is transmitted to the BS, the UE generates the RI with respect to the system bandwidth or the specified set S and transmits Type 3 report for transmitting the RI to the BS. If the UE transmits the CQI, the wideband CQI is transmitted.
If the UE is in Mode 1-1 and transmits the RI, the UE generates the RI with respect to the system bandwidth or the specified set S and transmits a Type 3 report for transmitting the RI to the BS. If the UE transmits the CQI/PMI, a single precoding matrix is selected in consideration of the recently transmitted RI. That is, the UE transmits a type 2 report composed of a wideband CQI, a single precoding matrix and a differential wideband CQI to the BS.
If the UE is in Mode 2-0 and transmits the RI, the UE generates the RI with respect to the system bandwidth or the specified set S and transmits a Type 3 report for transmitting the RI to the BS. If the UE transmits the wideband CQI, the UE generates the wideband CQI and transmits a Type 4 report to the BS on the assumption of the recently transmitted RI. If the UE transmits the CQI for the selected subband, the UE selects a most preferred subband with respect to J BPs composed of N subbands and transmits a Type 1 report to the BS. The type 1 report may be transmitted via one or more subframes according to the BP.
If the UE is in Mode 2-1 and transmits the RI, the UE generates the RI with respect to the system bandwidth or the specified set S and transmits a Type 3 report for transmitting the RI to the BS. If the UE transmits the wideband CQI to the BS, the UE generates the wideband CQI and transmits a Type 4 report to the BS in consideration of the recently transmitted RI. If the CQI for the selected subbands is transmitted, the UE generates a difference between a single CQI value for the selected subbands in the BP in consideration of the recently transmitted PMI/RI and a CQI of a codeword on the assumption that a single precoding matrix is used for the selected subbands and the recently transmitted RI if the RI is greater than 1 with respect to J BPs composed of Nj subbands and transmits a Type 1 report to the BS.
In addition to estimation (CSI reporting) of the channel state between the BS and the UE, for reduction of an interference signal and demodulation of a signal transmitted between the BS and the UE, various reference signals (RSs) are transmitted between the BS and the UE. The reference signal means a predefined signal having a special waveform, which is transmitted from the BS to the UE or from the UE to the BS and is known to the BS and the UE, and is also referred to as pilot. In 3GPP LTE release 8 (hereinafter, Rel-8), a cell specific reference signal (CRS) is proposed for the purpose of channel measurement of CQI feedback and demodulation of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). However, after 3GPP LTE release 10 (hereinafter, Rel-10), separately from the CRS of Rel-8, a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) for CSI feedback is proposed according to Rel-10.
Each BS may transmit a CSI-RS for channel measurement to the UE via a plurality of antenna ports and each UE may calculate channel state information based on the CSI-RS and transmit the channel state information to each BS in response thereto.
Enhanced Interference Mitigation and Traffic Adaptation (eIMTA)
eIMTA is a scheme for changing use of a radio resource based on UL/DL load. An existing UL/DL radio resource configuration is fixed. Therefore, when UL/DL load is asymmetric, inefficiency of the radio resource is worsened depending on a level of asymmetry. In this regard, an operation for changing existing use of the radio resource to a different one has been proposed, and discussion about and research into the operation have been conducted.
When use of a radio resource is changed, a particular cell needs to provide neighbor cells with information about the change of use which results from a change of a load condition thereof. Here, when an operation of sharing information is not performed, the particular cell and the neighbor cells greatly interfere with each other (for example, UE-UE interference, base station-base station interference, etc.) due to different communication directions. As a result, an arbitrary cell has great difficulty in performing communication of an appropriate quality. The particular cell may identify neighbor cells affected by an operation of dynamically changing use of a radio resource performed by the particular cell through an interference measurement operation between base stations, an interference measurement result feedback operation (for example, an interference measurement result is shared through X2 interference between base stations), etc. defined in advance.
FIG. 5 illustrates a wireless communication system for description of an inter-cell interference problem occurring when information about a change of use of a radio resource is not shared between cells. Here, it is presumed that cell #A changes a UL-DL subframe configuration from a UL-DL subframe configuration #1 to a UL-DL subframe configuration #2 due to increase in communication load of DL data thereof. As illustrated in FIG. 5, when cell #A fails to provide cell #B with information on a dynamic change of use a radio resource thereof, UE #A performing DL communication with cell #A receives UE-to-UE interference from UE #B that performs UL communication with cell #B at the same point in time (for example, SF #13 and SF #18), and cell #B performing UL communication with UE #B receives eNB-to-eNB interference from cell #A that performs DL communication with UE #A at the same point in time (for example, SF #13 and SF #18).
For example, the present invention proposes an interference measurement scheme of a UE under the wireless communication environment described above, and a channel information feedback scheme according to the interference measurement scheme. In other words, the UE may measure interference in an environment that satisfies a particular requirement using a different scheme from that of another environment. A particular environment may refer to an environment which is distinguishable from another environment by a configuration and includes a combination of a transmission mode, a resource region, etc. For example, UL SFs, use of which is changed in the TDD eIMTA environment described above with reference to FIG. 5, may use an interference measurement scheme distinguished from other SFs with respect to the SFs.
An object of sorting interference measurement schemes is to more efficiently perform UE scheduling and link adaptation by inducing CSI feedback that reflects a setting environment.
For example, the UL SFs, use of which is changed in the TDD eIMTA environment (in other words, a UL SF may be used by changing use of the UL SF to use of a DL SF due to increase in network load, etc.), may have an interference environment distinguished from that of an existing DL SF. In this case, a main reason for the distinguished interference environment may correspond to interference with a legacy UE in the UL SF having changed use. In other words, the reason is that, while the UL SF having changed use is allocated to the UE in the eIMTA environment (hereinafter, referred to as an eIMTA UE), the legacy UE may use the SF as a UL SF by maintaining an existing scheme, and thus perform PUCCH transmission (ACK/NACK) in the SF. In this case, the eIMTA UE receives great interference in a PUCCH frequency domain used by a neighboring legacy UE. Therefore, an eNB may perform DL scheduling for the eIMTA UE with respect to a frequency domain other than the PUCCH transmission region in the UL SF having changed use.
In this instance, when the eIMTA UE measures interference for a whole frequency domain including the PUCCH transmission region in the UL SF having changed use similarly to other DL SFs, interference information may be distorted. In other words, there may be a problem in that a measured channel environment is poorer than a channel environment of an actual PDSCH transmission frequency domain when measurement is performed in a wideband (WB), and unnecessary measurement is performed for a region in which a PDSCH is not transmitted when measurement is performed in each SB. In other words, the same measurement scheme is applied in an arbitrary environment, thereby causing an unnecessary operation of the UE, or the eNB performs link adaptation based on distorted channel information for an actual channel.
The interference measurement schemes are sorted according to an explicit scheme and an implicit scheme. When the explicit scheme is used, an interference measurement scheme according to a corresponding setting environment is reported to the UE through specific and separate signaling. Here, the specific and separate signaling refers to physical layer and/or upper layer signaling to the UE including information about how to apply an interference measurement scheme distinguished from another setting environment to a certain place. When the implicit scheme is used, it is predetermined how to apply a certain interference measurement scheme to a certain place in a certain setting environment. Therefore, when environment setting is changed, the UE uses an interference measurement scheme agreed upon in advance.
For example, when an interference measurement scheme distinguished from other SFs is used for the UL SFs having changed use in the TDD eIMTA environment, if the explicit scheme is used, the eNB designates a particular SF through separate signaling and measures interference only for a designated region (for example, a region excluding the above-described PUCCH region) in the SF. On the other hand, if the implicit scheme is used, the eNB does not perform separate signaling, and the UE measures interference only in a designated region in some SFs depending on whether use of the SF is changed (for example, sorted based on whether a DL SF for UE-dedicated signaling corresponds to DL or UL in an SIB).
A specific interference measurement scheme applied to a set of UL SFs having changed use in TDD eIMTA may include the following schemes.
First, there is a scheme of configuring an indicator for interference measurement for each particular SB/RB. For example, the indicator may correspond to a priority of each SB or each RB. As the priority decreases, a reflection in or a contribution to a channel state report may decrease. In this regard, when an infinitely low priority is applied to a particular RB, the RB may be regarded as invalid.
Alternatively, the indicator may correspond to information for indicating whether to include or exclude each particular SB/RB in or from an interference measurement target. In other words, validity is set for each SB or each RB. When the indicator indicates that a corresponding SB or RB is valid, the corresponding SB or RB corresponds to an interference measurement target, and thus a result of interference measurement may be reflected in the channel state report. When the indicator indicates that a corresponding SB or RB is not valid (that is, invalid), the corresponding SB or RB is excluded from an interference measurement target, and thus a result of interference measurement may not be reflected in the channel state report.
For example, as illustrated in FIG. 6, when a PUCCH is defined for RB0 to RB2 and RB13 to RB15, the UE may measure interference only for interference measurement resources (IMRs) configured in regions of RB3 to RB12 without attempting measurement for IMRs configured in the above-mentioned RBs, or exclude interference values measured from the IMRs configured in RB0 to RB2 and RB13 to RB15 from CQI calculation. An infinitely low priority is applied to the PUCCH transmission region.
As another scheme, a configured system bandwidth of a DL serving cell may be regarded as different. In other words, a system bandwidth corresponding to a region excluding the PUCCH transmission region (or a portion thereof) may be regarded as configured for the UE.
For example, when a PUCCH is defined for RB0 to RB2 and RB13 to RB15 as illustrated in FIG. 7, a frequency band is presumed to be configured to the RBs or other RBs or SBs excluding SBs that include the RBs. In this case, even though it is difficult to adjust CSI contribution of a separate RB/SB, problems of signaling of various information (a priority setting value or offset value of each RB/SB, etc.) to be used for calculation of a CSI value, and complexity of calculation are mitigated. In this instance, RBs excluding PUCCH RB/SBs are regarded as a system bandwidth in a set of SFs to which the interference measurement scheme is applied, and a CSI calculation and report scheme applied to the bandwidth may be used without change.
In other words, it can be understood that separate signaling for indicating the interference measurement scheme according to the setting environment indicates that a system bandwidth of a subframe or a set of subframes in which the signaling is valid is set to be different from a system bandwidth of a subframe or a set of subframes in which the signaling is invalid. In most cases, a system bandwidth, which is set to be different from an existing one, may be restrictively set unlike the existing one, that is, set to be relatively narrow (such that the system bandwidth includes fewer SBs or RBs).
It is clear that the scheme may be used to exclude an arbitrary SB/RB region in addition to the UL SF having changed use in TDD eIMTA from an interference measurement target. In addition, the scheme is not restrictively applied to interference measurement for CSI. The proposed scheme may be applied to channel estimation for CSI and general measurements such as radio resource measurement (RRM) and radio link monitoring (RLM).
When the interference measurement scheme is applied, a CSI feedback operation may change. When SF sets distinguished by different interference environments are configured, independent CSI processes may be defined for the respective sets. In this instance, fed back CSI information is similar to definition of CSI feedback for two different system BWs with respect to each set. Thus, a size of an SB, the number of preferred SBs, the number of band parts (BPs), a feedback scheme (only WB CSI is reported in a narrow band), etc. may be differently defined. For example, in a periodic report (that is, a periodic CQI report), the number of BPs and a size of an SB of SB feedback are differently defined depending on a system BW as shown in the following Table.









TABLE 8





System BW (RBs) 
SB size (k RBs)
Number of BPs (J)







6-7
WB CQI only
1


 8-10
4
1


11-26
4
2


27-63
6
3


 64-110
8
4









Therefore, when a 12RB system BW is used, a valid BW may be reduced to 6-7RB if a PUCCH region is excluded for a UL SF set having changed use. In this instance, feedback for the SF set is performed only in a WB. On the other hand, with regard to feedback for an SF set including other SFs, both SB feedback and WB feedback may be performed for 2BP and 4RB.
When SB CQI is configured, an SB size for a CSI process (or subframe set), in which a valid BW is a system BW, is different from an SB size for a separately configured valid BW. For example, when a system BW is 30RB, and RDSCH transmission is performed only for center 24RB for UL SFs having changed use, a valid BW may be designated as 24RB for the SF set. Therefore, an SB size is set to 4RB in the SF set, and an SB size is set to 6RB in an SF set including other SFs.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a transmitting device 10 and a receiving device 20 configured to implement exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 12, the transmitting device 10 and the receiving device 20 respectively include radio frequency (RF) units 13 and 23 for transmitting and receiving radio signals carrying information, data, signals, and/or messages, memories 12 and 22 for storing information related to communication in a wireless communication system, and processors 11 and 21 connected operationally to the RF units 13 and 23 and the memories 12 and 22 and configured to control the memories 12 and 22 and/or the RF units 13 and 23 so as to perform at least one of the above-described embodiments of the present invention.
The memories 12 and 22 may store programs for processing and control of the processors 11 and 21 and may temporarily storing input/output information. The memories 12 and 22 may be used as buffers. The processors 11 and 21 control the overall operation of various modules in the transmitting device 10 or the receiving device 20. The processors 11 and 21 may perform various control functions to implement the present invention. The processors 11 and 21 may be controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The processors 11 and 21 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. In a hardware configuration, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the processors 11 and 21. If the present invention is implemented using firmware or software, firmware or software may be configured to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. performing the functions or operations of the present invention. Firmware or software configured to perform the present invention may be included in the processors 11 and 21 or stored in the memories 12 and 22 so as to be driven by the processors 11 and 21.
The processor 11 of the transmitting device 10 is scheduled from the processor 11 or a scheduler connected to the processor 11 and codes and modulates signals and/or data to be transmitted to the outside. The coded and modulated signals and/or data are transmitted to the RF unit 13. For example, the processor 11 converts a data stream to be transmitted into K layers through demultiplexing, channel coding, scrambling and modulation. The coded data stream is also referred to as a codeword and is equivalent to a transport block which is a data block provided by a MAC layer. One transport block (TB) is coded into one codeword and each codeword is transmitted to the receiving device in the form of one or more layers. For frequency up-conversion, the RF unit 13 may include an oscillator. The RF unit 13 may include Nt (where Nt is a positive integer) transmit antennas.
A signal processing process of the receiving device 20 is the reverse of the signal processing process of the transmitting device 10. Under the control of the processor 21, the RF unit 23 of the receiving device 10 receives RF signals transmitted by the transmitting device 10. The RF unit 23 may include Nr receive antennas and frequency down-converts each signal received through receive antennas into a baseband signal. The RF unit 23 may include an oscillator for frequency down-conversion. The processor 21 decodes and demodulates the radio signals received through the receive antennas and restores data that the transmitting device 10 wishes to transmit.
The RF units 13 and 23 include one or more antennas. An antenna performs a function of transmitting signals processed by the RF units 13 and 23 to the exterior or receiving radio signals from the exterior to transfer the radio signals to the RF units 13 and 23. The antenna may also be called an antenna port. Each antenna may correspond to one physical antenna or may be configured by a combination of more than one physical antenna element. A signal transmitted through each antenna cannot be decomposed by the receiving device 20. A reference signal (RS) transmitted through an antenna defines the corresponding antenna viewed from the receiving device 20 and enables the receiving device 20 to perform channel estimation for the antenna, irrespective of whether a channel is a single RF channel from one physical antenna or a composite channel from a plurality of physical antenna elements including the antenna. That is, an antenna is defined such that a channel transmitting a symbol on the antenna may be derived from the channel transmitting another symbol on the same antenna. An RF unit supporting a MIMO function of transmitting and receiving data using a plurality of antennas may be connected to two or more antennas.
In embodiments of the present invention, a UE serves as the transmission device 10 on uplink and as the receiving device 20 on downlink. In embodiments of the present invention, an eNB serves as the receiving device 20 on uplink and as the transmission device 10 on downlink.
The transmitting device and/or the receiving device may be configured as a combination of one or more embodiments of the present invention.
The detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention has been given to enable those skilled in the art to implement and practice the invention. Although the invention has been described with reference to the exemplary embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention described in the appended claims. For example, those skilled in the art may use each construction described in the above embodiments in combination with each other. Accordingly, the invention should not be limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but should be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The present invention can be used for wireless communication systems such as a terminal, a relay, a base station, or other devices.

## Claims

1. A method of measuring interference by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
receiving configuration information for a target resource of interference measurement from a base station;
measuring interference based on the configuration information; and
reporting channel state information (CSI) based on the measured interference,
wherein the configuration information includes indication information for interference measurement for subbands or resource blocks of particular subframes sets distinguished by interference environments, and a separate CSI process is configured for each of the particular subframes sets,
wherein the indication information includes an indicator that indicates whether each subband or each resource block of the particular subframes sets is valid, and
wherein, when the indicator indicates that a specific subband or resource block is invalid, interference measurement for the specific subband or resource block is not reflected in the CSI.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the indication information includes a priority of each subband or each resource block of particular subframes, and
wherein interference measurement for the subband or the resource block contributes less to the CSI as the priority decreases.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the interference measurement is not performed for the specific subband or resource block indicated to be invalid by the indicator.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the interference measurement is performed for the specific subband or resource block indicated to be invalid by the indicator, and a result of the interference measurement is excluded from a report of the CSI.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein system bandwidths of the particular subframes sets are restricted according to the indication information.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein one of the particular subframes sets includes subframes having configurations changed from an uplink subframe to a downlink subframe in a time division duplex (TDD) system.

7. A terminal for measuring interference in a wireless communication system, the terminal comprising:
a radio frequency (RF) unit; and
a processor configured to:
control the RF unit to receive configuration information for a target resource of interference measurement from a base station,
measure interference based on the configuration information, and
control the RF unit to report channel state information (CSI) abased on the measured interference,
wherein the configuration information includes indication information for interference measurement for subbands or resource blocks of particular subframes sets distinguished by interference environments, and a separate CSI process is configured for each of the particular subframes sets,
wherein the indication information includes an indicator that indicates whether each subband or each resource block of the particular subframes sets is valid, and
wherein, when the indicator indicates that a specific subband or resource block is invalid, interference measurement for the specific subband or resource block is not reflected in the CSI.

8. The terminal according to claim 7, wherein the indication information includes a priority of each subband or each resource block of particular subframes, and
wherein interference measurement for the subband or the resource block contributes less to the CSI as the priority decreases.

9. The terminal according to claim 7, wherein the interference measurement is not performed for the specific subband or resource block indicated to be invalid by the indicator.

10. The terminal according to claim 7, wherein the interference measurement is performed for the specific subband or resource block indicated to be invalid by the indicator, and a result of the interference measurement is excluded from a report of the CSI.

11. The terminal according to claim 7, wherein system bandwidths of the particular subframes sets are restricted according to the indication information.

12. The terminal according to claim 7, wherein one of the particular subframes sets includes subframes having configurations changed from an uplink subframe to a downlink subframe in a time division duplex (TDD) system.