NASA/TMm2000-209891, Vol. 203

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall and Karl Huemmrich, Editors

Volume 203

BOREAS TF-8 NSA-OJP Tower Flux,

Meteorological, and Soil Temperature

Data

Kathleen E. Moore and David R. Fitzjarrald

State University of New York, Albany

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

November 2000

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20010023258 2018-05-14T19:23:32+00:00Z
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NASA/TMm2000-209891, Vol. 203

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall and Karl Huemmrich, Editors

Volume 203

BOREAS TF-8 NSA-OJP Tower Flux,

Meteorological, and Soil Temperature

Data

Kathleen E. Moore and David R. Fitzjarrald

State University of New York, Albany

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

November 2000
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information

7121 Standard Drive

Hanover, MD 21076-1320

Price Code: A17

Available from:

National Technical Information Service

5285 Port Royal Road

Springfield, VA 22161

Price Code: A10
BOREAS TF-8 NSA-OJP Tower Flux, Meteorological, and Soil

Temperature Data

Kathleen E. Moore, David R. Fitzjarrald

Summary

The BOREAS TF-8 team collected energy, C02, and water vapor flux data at the BOREAS NSA-OJP

site during the growing season of 1994 and most of the year for 1996. The data are available in tabular

ASCII files.

Table of Contents

1) Data Set Overview

2) Investigator(s)

3) Theory of Measurements

4) Equipment

5) Data Acquisition Methods

6) Observations

7) Data Description

8) Data Organization

9) Data Manipulations

10) Errors

11) Notes

12) Application of the Data Set

13) Future Modifications and Plans

14) Software

15) Data Access

16) Output Products and Availability

17) References

18) Glossary of Terms

19) List of Acronyms

20) Document Information

1. Data Set Overview

1.1 Data Set Identification

BOREAS TF-08 NSA-OJP Tower Flux, Meteorological, and Soil Temperature Data

1.2 Data Set Introduction

This study focused on long-term measurements of radiation, heat, moisture, C02, and momentum

budgets from the tower at the BOReal-Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) Northern Study Area

(NSA) Old Jack Pine (OJP) site. Turbulent fluxes were determined using the eddy correlation

technique, and radiative fluxes in the short, long, near-infrared, and Photosynthetically Active

Radiation (PAR) wavelength bands were acquired as well. Also, soil moisture content data were

collected. Through collaboration with other groups, the CO2 gradients inside and just above the

canopy were acquired. In addition, a digital cloud camera was used to obtain a seasonal record of

cloud fraction and cloud type.

Page 1
1.3 Objective/Purpose

The objective was to make measurements of the components of the energy and radiation balances

over an old jack pine forest in the Canadian boreal forest ecosystem during a period of time

encompassing a large portion of a growing season. These measurements, together with direct

measurements of the CO2 flux, provide a view of ecosystem functioning on a wide range of time

scales. In addition, the contribution of jack pine landcover to the regional fluxes of heat, water vapor,

momentum, and CO2 was assessed.

1.4 Summary of Parameters

Turbulent flux measurements included above- and below-canopy measurements of sensible and

latent heat fluxes, CO2 flux, and friction velocity. Gradient measurements included vertical profiles of

wind speed, relative and specific humidity, and air temperature. Radiative measurements included net

radiation, upwelling and downwelling PAR, upwelling and downwelling global shortwave radiation,

upwelling and downwelling longwave radiation, surface temperature, and undercanopy net radiation.

Meteorological measurements included wind speed and direction, air pressure, and rainfall. Soil

measurements included soil water potential, soil temperature, and soil heat flux. These measurements

were collected at different locations with different ground covers. The soil temperatures were collected

at multiple depths.

1.5 Discussion

The objectives of this study were to obtain the time series of the elements in the surface energy and

water balance during the growing season at the BOREAS NSA-OJP in order to provide data to

investigate vegetation-atmosphere models; to relate the vertical wind profile to the frequency and type

of coherent turbulent eddies in the canopy layer; and to relate components of radiation budget, the

observed cloud fraction, type, and height to develop feedback relationships between surface heat and

water vapor fluxes and convective cloud cover.

By making redundant measurements of the components of the energy balance, uncertainty is

reduced and the possibility of discovering the true balance is increased. Gradient measurements are of

interest in their own right, for instance, to obtain estimates of the displacement height. Each

measurement has its own footprint. For example, the sonic anemometer at tower top is looking at an

area perhaps 200-500 m upwind of the sensor, while the net radiometer is measuring a smaller area

closer to the tower.

1.6 Related Data Sets

BOREAS TF-05 SSA-OJP Tower Flux, Meteorological, and Soil Temperature Data

BOREAS TF-03 NSA-OBS Tower Flux, Meteorological, and Soil Temperature Data

BOREAS TF-08 NSA-OJP and SSA-OBS Ceilometer Data

BOREAS TF-10 NSA-YJP Tower Flux, Meteorological, and Biophysical Data

BOREAS TF- 10 NSA-Fen Tower Flux and Meteorological Data

2. Investigator(s)

2.1 Investigator(s) Name and Title

David R. Fitzjarrald

Research Associate

Atmospheric Sciences Research Center (ASRC)

Kathleen E. Moore

Research Scientist

ASRC

Page 2
2.2 Title of Investigation

Surface Exchange Observations in the Canadian Boreal Forest Region

2.3 Contact Information

Contact 1:

Kathleen E. Moore

Research Scientist

Atmospheric Sciences Research Center

251 Fuller Rd.

Albany, NY 12203

(518) 437-8732

(518) 437-8758 (fax)

moore@ asrc.cestm.albany.edu

Contact 2:

David R. Fitzjarrald

Research Associate

Atmospheric Sciences Research Center

251 Fuller Rd.

Albany, NY 12203

(518) 437-8735

(518) 437-8758 (fax)

ritz@ asrc.cestm.albany.edu

Contact 3:

K. Fred Huemmrich

University of Maryland

Code 923

NASA GSFC

Greenbelt, MD 20771

(301) 286-4862

(301) 286-0239 (fax)

Karl.Huemmrich@gsfc.nasa.gov

3. Theory of Measurements

The boreal forest is important to the global energy and carbon balance, due partly to the large area

covered by this vegetation type. Measurements on a wide variety of time and space scales are required

in order to achieve an integrated understanding of these balances and the factors that affect them from

day to day and over a growing season. Tower-based measurements provide ground truth for satellite

and other remote sensing measurements. Eddy correlation estimates represent the only direct

measurements of fluxes. Auxiliary measurements, e.g., soil, gradients, etc., are of fundamental

importance. For example, it may be possible to use a similarity argument for water vapor and CO2 to

get the CO2 storage term at night by examining how humidity builds up in the stable surface layer.

Eddy correlation measurements are accomplished by simply calculating the covariance between the

fluctuating vertical velocity and the fluctuating scalar or vector quantity of interest.

Page 3
4. Equipment

4.1 Sensor/Instrument Description

4.1.1 Collection Environment

Measurements were collected from late May through mid-September 1994 and mid-April through

mid-November of 1996. Over that time period, temperature conditions from less than -15 °C to over 30

°C were experienced.

4.1.2 Source/Platform

A 30-m Rohn communications tower was used throughout the experiment. Turbulent fluxes were

measured at the top of the tower and at 13 m (until 29-Ju1-1994, when a separate, 2-m mast was

erected for subcanopy fluxes). In 1994, the subcanopy flux measurements were made in an open,

lichen-covered area approximately 15 m west of the tall tower. In 1996, the subcanopy array was

erected on 09-Jul in a moss-covered area to the north of the tower.

4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives

The purpose of the tower was to support instruments to measure energy, water, and CO2 fluxes

and related environmental variables above and within an old jack pine forest.

4.1.4 Key Variables

Turbulent flux measurements included above- and below-canopy measurements of sensible and

latent heat fluxes, CO2 flux, and friction velocity.

Gradient measurements included vertical profiles of wind speed, relative and specific humidity,

and air temperature.

Radiative measurements included net radiation, upwelling and downwelling PAR, upwelling and

downwelling global shortwave radiation, upwelling and downwelling longwave radiation, surface

temperature, and undercanopy net radiation.

Meteorological measurements included wind speed and direction, air pressure, and rainfall.

Soil measurements included soil water potential, soil temperature, and soil heat flux. These

measurements were collected at different locations with different ground covers. The soil temperatures

were collected at multiple depths.

4.1.5 Principles of Operation

Eddy correlation variables were acquired at a 10-Hz rate. Serial output from the 3-axis and 1-axis

sonic anemometers was collected directly at serial ports in a Sun workstation. In 1994, the 3-axis

anemometer was set up to receive a strobe signal from a Harrison datalogger in order to synchronize

the sonic measurements with the scalar eddy quantities (e.g., water vapor and CO2). The same

Harrison datalogger received the analog signals of the scalars and performed the analog to digital

conversion. These data were passed to the Sun in a separate serial stream.

A fourth serial stream contained data from the slower response radiation and gradient

measurements, converted to digital form by a separate Harrison datalogger. Acquisition for this group

of signals was at 0.02 Hz. A custom digital counter board kept count of the cup anemometer rotations;

the datalogger read these at a 40-Hz rate and reset the counters every 5 seconds.

In 1994, analog signals from the upper sonic (3-axis) anemometer were also acquired by the

Harrison logger.

In 1996, only analog signals from the sonic anemometers were acquired.

Campbell Scientific 21x dataloggers were used as backup acquisition systems for the radiation,

gradient, and flux (upper level) systems. A separate Campbell Scientific 21x datalogger was dedicated

to the soil measurements. Two Campbell Scientific 21x dataloggers were assigned as backup

acquisition systems for the Harrison loggers.

Page 4
4.1.6 Sensor/Instrument Measurement Geometry

Sonic anemometers were mounted at heights of 30 m and 13 m above ground level. Temperature

and humidity gradient measurements were collected at 22.68-m, 15.65-m, 9.32-m, and 4.22-m

heights. Wind speed gradient measurements were collected at 18.88-m, 14.65-m, 11.32-m, 9.32-m,

6.35-m, and 1.92-m heights. Radiation measurements, including net radiation, incident and reflected

global shortwave radiation, incident and reflected global longwave radiation, incident and reflected

PAR, and the temperatures of the upwelling and downwelling longwave radiation were measured at

27-m height. Subcanopy measurements of net radiation were collected at 1-m height in an open lichen

covered area, and at 1.5-m in an area under a closed canopy.

In 1994, soil temperature profiles were taken at three locations: a lichen-covered area between two

jack pines, a moss-covered area under the jack pine canopy, and an area covered with a mixture of

moss and lichen. At the lichen-covered site, soil temperatures were collected at 2.5-cm, 7.5-cm, and

20-cm depths. At the moss-covered site soil temperatures were collected at 2.5-cm, 10-cm, and

22.5-cm depths. At the mixed site, soil temperatures were collected at 2.5-cm, 7.5-cm, and 20-cm

depths. At all three sites, soil heat flux was measured at 4-cm depth and soil water potential was

measured using gypsum soil moisture blocks at the lichen- and moss-covered areas at a depth of 8-cm.

In 1996, there were three sites for soil measurements: a closed site, a semiclosed site, and an open site.

At the closed site, soil temperature measurements were collected at 6.4-cm, 14-cm, and 26.7-cm

depths. At both the semiclosed and open sites, soil temperature data were collected at 2.5-cm,

10.2-cm, and 22.8-cm depths. Soil heat fluxes were measured at 10.2-cm depth at the closed site, and

at 6.4-cm depth at the semiclosed and open sites.

In 1994, three different rainfall measurements were collected. One measurement was made from a

3-m trough (vinyl rain gutter) under the jack pine canopy using an MRI tipping bucket rain gauge. The

collecting area for this gauge was expanded 9 times by using the trough. A second rain gauge was

located at 0.5-m height in the opening between jack pine trees. A third rainfall measurement was

collected from a gauge located at 15 m on the flux tower. These other two rain gauges were both

Campbell Scientific model TE525. In 1996, rainfall data were collected from the trough and tower rain

gauges.

4.1.7 Manufacturer of Sensor/Instrument

3-axis and 1-axis sonic anemometers:

Applied Technologies, Inc.

1120 Delaware Ave.

Longmont, CO 80501

(303) 684-8722

(303) 684-8773 (fax)

sales@apptech.com

Kipp and Zonen CG-2(net longwave) and CM14 (albedometer):

Kipp & Zonen

P.O. Box 507

2600AM Delft

The Netherlands

+31 15 269 8000

+31 15 262 0351 (fax)

LI-COR LI-190SA PAR sensors, LI6262 CO2,H20 instrument:

LI-COR, Inc.

4421 Superior Street

P.O. Box 4425

Lincoln, NE 68504

(402) 467-3576

Page 5
SwisstecotypeS-1NetPyradiometer:

SwisstecoPty., Ltd.

Melbourne,Victoria

Australia31.

CampbellScientificKryptonhygrometers,soil temperaturemodel107,soilheatflux modelHFT-l:

CampbellScientific,Inc.

815West1800North

Logan,UT 84321-1784

(435)753-2342

(435)750-9540(fax)

info@campbellsci.com

Vaisalaairtemperatureandrelativehumidityprobes.Temperaturemeasuredwith AD590IC

temperaturetransducer,relativehumidityprobewashumi-capresistancedevice:

Vaisala,Inc.

U.S.Office

100CommerceWay

Woburn,MA 01801-1068

(781)933-4500

Gill propeller-vaneanemometer:

Gill InstrumentsLimited

SolentHouse

CannonStreet

Lymington,Hampshire

SO419BR

UK

+44 (0)1590679955

+44 (0)1590676409(fax)

Met Onemodel014Acupwind speedsensorandradiationshield(withfan):

Met OneInstruments,Inc.

1600WashingtonBlvd.

GrantsPass,OR 97526

(541)471-7111

(541)471-7116(fax)

4.2 Calibration

4.2.1 Specifications

Kipp and Zonen albedometer and pyrgeometer used factory calibration. The pyrgeometer was also

factory calibrated on 13-Nov-1995.

The upwelling and downwelling longwave temperature represent temperatures for the two

thermopiles, measured with PT-100 devices. Following the 1993 Intensive Field Campaign (IFC), a

laboratory calibration was done on these instruments, and corrections were determined and applied to

the data in postprocessing. Similar tests were run following the 1996 field season. Net Radiometer

comparisons with sum of components was done continuously. The two subcanopy net radiometers

were compared with the above-canopy instrument in the spring of 1993 at the Atmospheric Sciences

Research Center (ASRC).

The air temperature and relative humidity probes were laboratory calibrated after the 1993 IFC.

Corrections have been applied to the archived data.

The CO2 instrument was field calibrated using 1% CO2 in air. Zero and span calibrations were

carried out prior to each field season. The instrument was sent for overhaul and factory recalibration

Page 6
afterthe1994field season.

Kryptonhygrometerswerecalibratedatthefactoryin 1993and1995.In postprocessing,

regressionsof thenaturallog of thevoltageonthewatervapordensitydeterminedfrom theair

temperatureandrelativehumidityprobesweredone.Thesedaily,"field" regressionswereusedin

placeof thefactorycalibrationfor theupperKryptonhygrometerin 1994,andfor bothKrypton

hygrometersin 1996.

TheLI-CORwatervaporinstrumentwascalibratedatthefactorybeforeeachfield season."Field

calibrations"(regressionof outputagainstactualfield watervapordensitymeasurements)asdescribed

abovefor theKryptonhygrometerswereusedto convertvoltagesto watervapordensity.

4.2.1.1 Tolerance

AppliedTechnologies3-axisand1-axissonicanemometers:

Sensitivity:u, v, andw wind speeds:0.01m/s

Accuracy:wind speed_+1%;wind direction_+0.1°

Responsetime: <0.1s

Kipp andZonenCG-2(netlongwave)andCM14 (albedometer):

Sensitivity:shortwavemeasurements: approximately4_aV/(W/m2);longwaveMeasurements:

approximately10_aV/(W/m2)

Accuracy:within 1%

Responsetime:30s

LI-COR LI- 190SAPARsensors:

Sensitivity:8_aA/(1000_amol/s/m2)

Accuracy:+ 5%

Response time: 10 _as

Swissteco type S-1 Net Pyradiometer:

Sensitivity: 0.48 mV/(mW cm2)

Accuracy: + 2.5%

Response time: 30s

LI-COR LI6262 CO2, H20 instrument (fast response option). Air was drawn down 3/8" Teflon tubing

by a 30-liters per minute (lpm) pump. The sensor was placed in a side stream drawn off with a 10-1pm

pump. A flow controller was placed in the stream going to the sensor to limit the flow through the

sensor to 1 lpm, in 1994, or 2 lpm in 1996.

Sensitivity: 0.1-0.5 ppm/mv

Response time: < 0.5 s

Campbell Scientific Krypton hygrometers:

Sensitivity: 105 mV/gm3

Response time: 0.1 s

Vaisala air temperature and relative humidity probes were installed in Met One radiation shields (with

fans). Temperature was measured with AD590 IC temperature transducers, fed into a custom circuit,

and calibrated in the lab in mineral oil in a precision temperature bath. Relative humidity probes were

humi-cap resistance devices.

Sensitivity: Temperature - 0.01 °C/mV; Relative humidity (RH) 0.1% RH/mV

Accuracy: Temperature + 0.01 °C; Relative humidity 3%

Response time: Temperature (AD590) 10 s; Relative humidity 15 s

Soil thermistors: Campbell Scientific 107 temperature probes.

Accuracy: 0.2 °C

Response time: 10 s

Page 7
A Gill propeller-vaneanemometerwasmountedonthetowerat25.7.At thesixremaininglower

heights,Met-onemodel014Acupwind speedsensorswereused:

Threshold:cups:0.5m/s;Gill: 0.1-0.2m/s

Accuracy:cups:+ 1.5%; Gill: unknown

Distance constant: cups: 4.6 m; Gill: 1 m (speed), 1.2 m (direction)

Rain gauge: Campbell Scientific model TE525

Precision: 0.1 mm

Rain gauge: MRI tipping bucket:

Precision: 0.256 mm

Total area collected: 0.290 m2

4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration

See Section 4.2.1.

4.2.3 Other Calibration Information

Webb corrections were applied to vapor density fluxes, to account for effect of density fluctuations

on flux estimates (Webb et al., 1980). The effect of water vapor flux on the heat capacity of air was

also accounted for in the conversion from kinematic heat flux to W/m2. The effect of oxygen

absorption in the ultraviolet (UV) was corrected for in calculating water vapor flux from the krypton

hygrometer (Campbell and Tanner, 1985).

The air temperature and relative humidity probes were laboratory calibrated after the 1993 IFC. The

laboratory calibration yielded these corrections:

T 22.7m = 0.01013" (mv) + 0.00075

T 15.7m = 0.0103" (mv) + 0.00257

T 9.3m = 0.0101" (mv) + 0.00278

T 4.2m = 0.01001*(mv) + 0.00125

The air temperature variables are represented in the form where T 22.7m is the air temperature at 22.7

m height, and mv is the instrument output in millivolts.

5. Data Acquisition Methods

Eddy correlation variables were acquired at a 10-Hz rate. Serial output from the 3-axis and 1-axis sonic

anemometers was collected directly at serial ports in a Sun workstation. In 1994, the 3-axis

anemometer was set up to receive a strobe signal from a Harrison datalogger in order to synchronize

the sonic measurements with the scalar eddy quantities (e.g., water vapor and CO2). The same

Harrison datalogger received the analog signals of the scalars and performed the analog to digital

conversion. These data were passed to the Sun in a separate serial stream.

A fourth serial stream contained data from the slower response radiation and gradient

measurements, converted to digital form by a separate Harrison datalogger. Acquisition for this group

of signals was at 0.02 Hz. A custom digital counter board kept count of the cup anemometer rotations;

the datalogger read these at a 40-Hz rate and reset the counters every 5 seconds.

In 1994, analog signals from the upper sonic (3-axis) anemometer were also acquired by the

Harrison logger.

In 1996, only analog signals from the sonic anemometers were acquired.

Campbell Scientific 21x dataloggers were used as backup acquisition systems for the radiation,

gradient, and flux (upper level) systems. A separate Campbell Scientific 21x datalogger was dedicated

to the soil measurements. Two Campbell Scientific 21x dataloggers were assigned as backup

acquisition systems for the Harrison loggers.

Page 8
A skyimagingsystemwaslocatedontheroof of thehut. In 1993and 1994,theimagingsystem

consistedof onechargedcoupleddevice(CCD)with imageacquisitionhardwareandsoftware.This

systemusedfish-eyeand28-mmlensesandproduceddigitizedimageswith 256by 244pixelsand64

gray scales.In 1996,videoimagesweredigitizedin 24-bit colorusingjoint photographicexperts

group(jpg)format,with 751by 484pixelsand256levelseachof red,green,andblue.

6. Observations

6.1 Data Notes

Gaps in the data in all years occur due to instrument failure or computer failure.

6.2 Field Notes

Field notes are contained in four notebooks located at ASRC in Albany.

7. Data Description

7.1 Spatial Characteristics

7.1.1 Spatial Coverage

All data were collected at the BOREAS NSA-OJP site. The North American Datum of 1983

(NAD83) coordinates for the NSA-OJP tower were latitude 55.92842 ° N, longitude 98.62396 ° W, and

elevation of 255.1 m.

Turbulent fluxes were measured at the top of the flux tower, and at 13 m high on the flux tower,

until 29-Jul-1994, when a separate 2-m-tall mast was erected for subcanopy fluxes. In 1994, the

subcanopy flux measurements were made in an open, lichen-covered area approximately 15 m west of

the main tower. In 1996, the subcanopy array was erected on 09-Jul in a moss-covered area to the

north of the tower.

Soil temperature and heat flux measurements were made at three sites chosen for their microsite

variation (mossy cover, lichen cover, and intermediate). These sites were all 30-40 m from the flux

tower in the northwest direction.

The sky camera was placed on the roof of the shack at the site. The ceilometer was located on the

tent platform to the south of the shack.

Subcanopy net radiation measurements in 1994 were made in an open area and an area of denser

canopy, to the north of the flux tower. One rain gauge was located on the flux tower at 15 m, one was

in the subcanopy layer in an opening, and a third collected rain from a trough 10 feet long under closed

canopy.

7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map

Not applicable.

7.1.3 Spatial Resolution

Data collected from flux towers are often thought of as point data. However, particularly in terms

of the eddy flux data, they actually represent an integrated upwind source region. The size of the

region being sampled is related to factors such as the height of the tower, the roughness of the canopy,

and the wind speed.

7.1.4 Projection

None.

7.1.5 Grid Description

None.

Page 9
7.2 Temporal Characteristics

7.2.1 Temporal Coverage

Data collection in 1993 covered the following dates:

• Turbulent fluxes: 11-Aug to 29-Aug-1993

• Soil measurements: 11-Aug to 29-Aug-1993

• Water vapor flux: 20-Aug to 29-Aug- 1993

• CO2 flux : 23-Aug to 29-Aug-1993

• Radiative fluxes: 14-Aug to 29-Aug-1993

• Gradient measurements: 14-Aug to 29-Aug-1993

• Sky camera images: 17-Aug to 29-Aug-1993

Data collection in 1994 covered the following dates:

• Turbulent fluxes: 24-May to 19-Sep-1994

• Second level fluxes moved from 13 m to 2 m on 29-Ju1-1994

• Soil measurements: 28-May to 19-Sep-1994

• Radiative fluxes: 24-May to 19-Sep-1994

• Gradient measurements: 24-May to 19-Sep- 1994

• Sky camera images: 01-Jun to 19-Sep-1994

• Ceilometer measurements: 28-May 28 to 17-Sep-1994

Data collection in 1996 covered the following dates:

• Turbulent fluxes: 15-Apr to 09-Nov-1996

• Second level fluxes: 19-Jul to 09-Nov-1996

• Second level CO2 flux: 26-Sep to 09-Nov-1996

• Soil measurements: 25-May to 09-Nov-1996

• Radiative fluxes: 15-Apr to 09-Nov-1996

• IR thermometers: 20-Jul to 09-Nov-1996

• Gradient measurements: 15-Apr to 09-Nov- 1996

• Sky camera images: 06-May to 09-Nov-1996

• Ceilometer measurements: 29-May to 09-Nov- 1996

7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map

None.

7.2.3 Temporal Resolution

The 1996 data were averaged over 30-minute periods. The 1993 and 1994 data were averaged over

20-minute periods. These data were then interpolated to 30-minute time periods.

7.3 Data Characteristics

7.3.1 Parameter/Variable

The parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

TIME OBS

SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

LIC LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

NET RAD ABV CNPY

Page 10
CO2 FLUX ABV CNPY

DOWN PPFD ABV CNPY

UP PPFD ABV CNPY

WIND SPEED 192CM

WIND SPEED 635CM

WIND SPEED 932CM

WIND SPEED I132CM

WIND SPEED 1465CM

WIND SPEED ABV CNPY

GILL WIND SPEED ABV CNPY

WIND DIR ABV CNPY

FRICTION VEL ABV CNPY

AIR TEMP ABV CNPY

SOIL HEAT FLUX CLOSED 102MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX SEMI CLOSE 64MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX OPEN 64MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX MOSS 40MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX LICH MOSS 40MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX LICHEN 40MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 25MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 75MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 200MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 25MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 100MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 225MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 25MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 75MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 200MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 64MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 140MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 267MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 25MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 102MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 229MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 25MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 102MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 229MM

SOIL WATER POT LICHEN 8CM

SOIL WATER POT MOSS 8CM

RAINFALL ABV CNPY

RAINFALL BELOW CNPY

TROUGH RAINFALL

DOWN SOLAR RAD ABV CNPY

UP SOLAR RAD ABV CNPY

AIR TEMP 422CM

AIR TEMP 932CM

AIR TEMP 1565CM

SURF PRESS

DOWN LONGWAVE RAD ABV CNPY

UP LONGWAVE RAD ABV CNPY

UP LONGWAVE RAD SENSOR TEMP

DOWN LONGWAVE RAD SENSOR TEMP

LONG PLUS SHORT RAD ABV CNPY

SURF TEMP ABV CNPY

Page 11
SPECIFIC HUH 422CH

SPECIFIC HUM 932CM

SPECIFIC HUM 1565CM

SPECIFIC HUM ABV CNPY

REL HUM 422CM

REL HUM 932CM

REL HUM 1565CM

REL HUM ABV CNPY

SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX BELOW CNPY

LATENT HEAT FLUX BELOW CNPY

CO2 FLUX BELOW CNPY

NET RAD OPEN 100CM

NET RAD BELOW CNPY

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

7.3.2 Variable Description/Definition

The descriptions of the parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name Description

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

TIME OBS

SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

LIC LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

NET RAD ABV CNPY

CO2 FLUX ABV CNPY

DOWN PPFD ABV CNPY

UP PPFD ABV CNPY

WIND SPEED 192CM

WIND SPEED 635CM

WIND SPEED 932CM

WIND SPEED I132CM

WIND SPEED 1465CM

WIND SPEED ABV CNPY

The identifier assigned to the site by BOREAS, in

the format SSS-TTT-CCCCC, where SSS identifies

the portion of the study area: NSA, SSA, REG,

TRN, and TTT identifies the cover type for the

site, 999 if unknown, and CCCCC is the identifier

for site, exactly what it means will vary with

site type.

The identifier assigned to the sub-site by BOREAS

in the format GGGGG-IIIII, where GGGGG is the

group associated with the sub-site instrument,

e.g. HYD06 or STAFF, and IIIII is the identifier

for sub-site, often this will refer to an

instrument.

The date on which the data were collected.

The Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) of the start of the

data collection.

The sensible heat flux measured above the canopy

The latent heat flux measured above the canopy

using a LI-COR instrument.

The latent heat flux measured above the canopy.

The net radiation measured above the canopy.

The carbon dioxide flux measured above the

canopy.

The downward (incoming) photosynthetic photon

flux density measured above the canopy.

The reflected photosynthetic photon flux density

measured above the canopy.

The wind speed measured 1.92 m above the ground.

The wind speed measured 6.35 m above the ground.

The wind speed measured 9.32 m above the ground.

The wind speed measured 11.32 m above the ground

The wind speed measured 14.65 m above the ground

The wind speed measured above the canopy. In

Page 12
GILL WIND SPEED ABV CNPY

WIND DIR ABV CNPY

FRICTION VEL ABV CNPY

AIR TEMP ABV CNPY

SOIL HEAT FLUX CLOSED 102MM

this case at 18.88 m above the ground.

The wind speed measured above the canopy with the

Gill anemometer at 25.7 m above the ground.

The direction from which the wind is blowing (in

creasing in a clockwise direction from the North)

and measured above the canopy at 25.7 m above the

ground.

The friction velocity above the canopy.

The air temperature measured above the canopy.

The soil heat flux measured at 10.16 cm depth at

a site under closed canopy.

SOIL HEAT FLUX SEMI CLOSE 64MM The soil heat flux measured at 6.35 cm depth at

SOIL HEAT FLUX OPEN 64MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX MOSS 40MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX LICH MOSS 40MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX LICHEN 40MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 25MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 75MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 200MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 25MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 100MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 225MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 25MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 75MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 200MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 64MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 140MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 267MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 25MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 102MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 229MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 25MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 102MM

a site under a semi-closed canopy.

The soil heat flux measured at 6.35 cm depth at

an open site.

The soil heat flux measured at 4 cm depth at a

moss covered site.

The soil heat flux measured at 4 cm depth at a

lichen and moss covered site.

The soil heat flux measured at 4 cm depth at a

lichen covered site

Soil temperature at 2.5 cm depth at a lichen and

moss covered site.

Soil temperature at 7.5 cm depth at a lichen and

moss covered site.

Soil temperature at 20 cm depth at a lichen and

moss covered site.

Soil temperature at 2.5 cm depth at a moss

Covered site.

Soil temperature at i0 cm depth at a moss covered

site.

Soil temperature at 22.5 cm depth at a moss

covered site.

Soil temperature at 2.5 cm depth at a lichen

covered site.

Soil temperature at 7.5 cm depth at a lichen

covered site.

Soil temperature at 20 cm depth at a lichen

covered site.

Soil temperature at 6.4 cm depth at a site under

closed canopy.

Soil temperature at 13.97 cm depth at a site

under closed canopy

Soil temperature at 26.67 cm depth at a site

under closed canopy

Soil temperature at 2.54 cm depth at a site under

a semi-closed canopy.

Soil temperature at 10.16 cm depth at a site

under a semi-closed canopy.

Soil temperature at 22.86 cm depth at a site

under a semi-closed canopy.

Soil temperature at 2.54 cm depth at an open

site.

Soil temperature at 10.16 cm depth at an open

Page 13
SOIL TEMP OPEN 229MM

SOIL WATER POT LICHEN 8CH

SOIL WATER POT MOSS 8CM

RAINFALL ABV CNPY

RAINFALL BELOW CNPY

TROUGH RAINFALL

DOWN SOLAR RAD ABV CNPY

UP SOLAR RAD ABV CNPY

AIR TEMP 422CM

AIR TEMP 932CM

AIR TEMP 1565CM

SURF PRESS

DOWN LONGWAVE RAD ABV CNPY

UP LONGWAVE RAD ABV CNPY

UP LONGWAVE RAD SENSOR TEMP

DOWN LONGWAVE RAD SENSOR TEMP

LONG PLUS SHORT RAD ABV CNPY

SURF TEMP ABV CNPY

SPECIFIC HUM 422CM

SPECIFIC HUM 932CM

SPECIFIC HUM 1565CM

SPECIFIC HUM ABV CNPY

REL HUM 422CM

REL HUH 932CH

REL HUH 1565CH

site.

Soil temperature at 22.86 cm depth at an open

site.

The soil water potential at 8 cm depth at a

lichen covered site.

The soil water potential at 8 cm depth at a moss

covered site.

The amount of rainfall measured above the canopy.

In 1994 the measurement is over a 30 minute

period, in 1996 over an hour.

The amount of rainfall measured below the canopy

in a clearing. In 1994 the measurement is over

a 30 minute period, in 1996 over an hour.

The amount of rainfall measured in a trough below

the canopy, the trough area is 9 times the

collection area of the other rain gauges. In

1994 the measurement is over a 30 minute period,

in 1996 over an hour.

The downward (incoming) solar radiation measured

above the canopy.

The reflected (outgoing) solar radiation measured

above the canopy.

The air temperature measured at 4.22 meters above

the ground.

The air temperature measured at 9.32 meters above

the ground.

The air temperature measured at 15.65 meters

Above the ground.

The atmospheric pressure measured at the station.

The downward (incoming) longwave radiation

measured above the canopy.

The upward (outgoing) longwave radiation measured

above the canopy.

The temperature of the sensor measuring the

upward longwave radiation.

The temperature of the sensor measuring the

downward longwave radiation.

The sum of the longwave and shortwave

radiation measurements.

The surface radiation temperature measured from

above the canopy.

The specific humidity measured at 4.22 meters

above the ground.

The specific humidity measured at 9.32 meters

above the ground.

The specific humidity measured at 15.65 meters

above the ground.

The specific humidity measured above the canopy.

The relative humidity measured at 4.22 meters

above the ground.

The relative humidity measured at 9.32 meters

above the ground.

The relative humidity measured at 15.65 meters

above the ground.

Page 14
RELHUMABVCNPY

SENSIBLEHEATFLUXBELOWCNPY

LATENTHEATFLUXBELOWCNPY

CO2FLUXBELOWCNPY

NET RAD OPEN 100CM

NET RAD BELOW CNPY

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

The relative humidity measured above the canopy.

The sensible heat flux measured below the canopy.

The latent heat flux measured below the canopy.

The carbon dioxide flux measured below the

canopy.

The net radiation measured at 1 meter in canopy

opening.

The net radiation measured below the canopy.

The BOREAS certification level of the data.

Examples are CPI (Checked by PI), CGR (Certified

by Group), PRE (Preliminary), and CPI-??? (CPI

but questionable).

The most recent date when the information in the

referenced data base table record was revised.

7.3.3 Unit of Measurement

The measurement units for the parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name Units

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

TIME OBS

SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

LIC LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

NET RAD ABV CNPY

CO2 FLUX ABV CNPY

DOWN PPFD ABV CNPY

UP PPFD ABV CNPY

WIND SPEED 192CM

WIND SPEED 635CM

WIND SPEED 932CM

WIND SPEED I132CM

WIND SPEED 1465CM

WIND SPEED ABV CNPY

GILL WIND SPEED ABV CNPY

WIND DIR ABV CNPY

FRICTION VEL ABV CNPY

AIR TEMP ABV CNPY

SOIL HEAT FLUX CLOSED 102MM

[none]

[none]

[DD-MON-YY]

[HHMM GMT]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[micromoles] [meter^-2] [second^-l]

[micromoles] [meter^-2] [second^-l]

[micromoles] [meter^-2] [second^-l]

[meters] [second^-l]

[meters] [second^-l]

[meters] [second^-l]

[meters] [second^-l]

[meters] [second^-l]

[meters] [second^-l]

[meters] [second^-l]

[degrees]

[meters] [second^-l]

[degrees Celsius]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

SOIL HEAT FLUX SEMI CLOSE 64MM [Watts] [meter^-2]

SOIL HEAT FLUX OPEN 64MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX MOSS 40MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX LICH MOSS 40MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX LICHEN 40MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 25MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 75MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 200MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 25MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 100MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 225MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 25MM

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

Page 15
SOIL TEMP LICHEN 75MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 200MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 64MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 140MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 267MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 25MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 102MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 229MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 25MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 102MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 229MM

SOIL WATER POT LICHEN 8CM

SOIL WATER POT MOSS 8CM

RAINFALL ABV CNPY

RAINFALL BELOW CNPY

TROUGH RAINFALL

DOWN SOLAR RAD ABV CNPY

UP SOLAR RAD ABV CNPY

AIR TEMP 422CM

AIR TEMP 932CM

AIR TEMP 1565CM

SURF PRESS

DOWN LONGWAVE RAD ABV CNPY

UP LONGWAVE RAD ABV CNPY

UP LONGWAVE RAD SENSOR TEMP

DOWN LONGWAVE RAD SENSOR TEMP

LONG PLUS SHORT RAD ABV CNPY

SURF TEMP ABV CNPY

SPECIFIC HUM 422CM

SPECIFIC HUM 932CM

SPECIFIC HUM 1565CM

SPECIFIC HUM ABV CNPY

REL HUM 422CM

REL HUM 932CM

REL HUM 1565CM

REL HUM ABV CNPY

SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX BELOW CNPY

LATENT HEAT FLUX BELOW CNPY

CO2 FLUX BELOW CNPY

NET RAD OPEN 100CM

NET RAD BELOW CNPY

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[megaPascals]

[megaPascals]

[millimeters]

[millimeters]

[millimeters]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[kiloPascals]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[degrees Celsius]

[grams] [kilogram^-l]

[grams] [kilogram^-l]

[grams] [kilogram^-l]

[grams] [kilogram^-l]

[percent]

[percent]

[percent]

[percent]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[micromoles] [meters^-2] [second^-l]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[Watts] [meter^-2]

[none]

[DD-MON-YY]

Page 16
7.3.4 Data Source

The sources of the parameter values contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name Data Source

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

TIME OBS

SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

LIC LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY

NET RAD ABV CNPY

CO2 FLUX ABV CNPY

DOWN PPFD ABV CNPY

UP PPFD ABV CNPY

WIND SPEED 192CM

WIND SPEED 635CM

WIND SPEED 932CM

WIND SPEED I132CM

WIND SPEED 1465CM

WIND SPEED ABV CNPY

GILL WIND SPEED ABV CNPY

WIND DIR ABV CNPY

FRICTION VEL ABV CNPY

AIR TEMP ABV CNPY

SOIL HEAT FLUX CLOSED 102MM

[Assigned by BORIS.]

[Assigned by BORIS.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Sonic anemometer]

[LI-COR Infrared Gas Analyzer]

[Campbell Scientific Krypton hygrometer]

[Net radiometer]

[Infrared Gas Analyzer]

[quantum sensor]

[quantum sensor]

[Met-One cup anemometer]

[Met-One cup anemometer]

[Met-One cup anemometer]

[Met-One cup anemometer]

[Met-One cup anemometer]

[Met-One cup anemometer]

[Gill propeller-vane anemometer]

[Gill propeller-vane anemometer]

[Sonic anemometer]

[air temperature probe]

[soil heat flux plate]

SOIL HEAT FLUX SEMI CLOSE 64MM [soil heat flux plate]

SOIL HEAT FLUX OPEN 64MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX MOSS 40MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX LICH MOSS 40MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX LICHEN 40MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 25MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 75MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 200MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 25MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 100MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 225MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 25MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 75MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 200MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 64MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 140MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 267MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 25MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 102MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 229MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 25MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 102MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 229MM

SOIL WATER POT LICHEN 8CM

SOIL WATER POT MOSS 8CM

RAINFALL ABV CNPY

RAINFALL BELOW CNPY

[soil heat flux plate]

[soil heat flux plate]

[soil heat flux plate]

[soil heat flux plate]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[soil temperature probe]

[gypsum soil moisture block]

[gypsum soil moisture block]

[Campbell Scientific rain gauge]

[Campbell Scientific rain gauge]

Page 17
TROUGH RAINFALL

DOWN SOLAR RAD ABV CNPY

UP SOLAR RAD ABV CNPY

AIR TEMP 422CM

AIR TEMP 932CM

AIR TEMP 1565CM

SURF PRESS

DOWN LONGWAVE RAD ABV CNPY

UP LONGWAVE RAD ABV CNPY

UP LONGWAVE RAD SENSOR TEMP

DOWN LONGWAVE RAD SENSOR TEMP

LONG PLUS SHORT RAD ABV CNPY

SURF TEMP ABV CNPY

SPECIFIC HUM 422CM

SPECIFIC HUM 932CM

SPECIFIC HUM 1565CM

SPECIFIC HUM ABV CNPY

REL HUM 422CM

REL HUM 932CM

REL HUM 1565CM

REL HUM ABV CNPY

SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX BELOW CNPY

LATENT HEAT FLUX BELOW CNPY

CO2 FLUX BELOW CNPY

NET RAD OPEN 100CM

NET RAD BELOW CNPY

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

[MRI tipping bucket rain gauge]

[albedometer]

[albedometer]

[air temperature probe]

[air temperature probe]

[air temperature probe]

[barometer]

[pyrgeometer]

[pyrgeometer]

[thermopile]

[thermopile]

[albedometer and pyrgeometer]

[IR thermometer]

[hygrometer]

[hygrometer]

[hygrometer]

[hygrometer]

[psychrometer]

[psychrometer]

[psychrometer]

[psychrometer]

[Sonic anemometer]

[Campbell Scientific Krypton hygrometer]

[Sonic anemometer]

[Net radiometer]

[Net radiometer]

[Assigned by BORIS.]

[Assigned by BORIS.]

7.3.5 Data Range

The following table gives information about the p_ameter values found in the data files on the

CD-ROM.

Minimum Maximum Missng Unrel Below Data

Data Data Data Data Detect Not

Column Name Value Value Value Value Limit Cllctd

SITE NAME NSA-OJP-FLXTR NSA-OJP-FLXTR None None None None

SUB SITE 9TF08-FLX01 9TF08-FLX01 None None None None

DATE OBS 24-MAY-94 12-NOV-96 None None None None

TIME OBS 0 2330 None None None None

SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX -124.74 997.44 -999 None None Blank

ABV CNPY

LIC LATENT HEAT FLUX -39.49 701.34 -999 None None Blank

ABV CNPY

LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV -117.83 544.18 -999 None None Blank

CNPY

NET RAD ABV CNPY -703.8 326.69 -999 None None Blank

CO2 FLUX ABV CNPY -15 8.409 -999 None None Blank

DOWN PPFD ABV CNPY -1980 2360 None None None Blank

UP PPFD ABV CNPY -1080 2410 None None None Blank

WIND SPEED 192CM -15.07 155.73 -999 None None Blank

WIND SPEED 635CM -114.69 175.63 -999 None None Blank

WIND SPEED 932CM -92.58 191.22 -999 None None Blank

WIND SPEED I132CM -14.86 184.76 -999 None None Blank

Page 18
WIND SPEED 1465CM -115.91

WIND SPEED ABV CNPY -122.6

GILL WIND SPEED ABV .03

CNPY

WIND DIR ABV CNPY 1.14

FRICTION VEL ABV 0

CNPY

AIR TEMP ABV CNPY -18 02

SOIL HEAT FLUX -35 99

CLOSED 102MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX SEMI -70 7

CLOSE 64MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX OPEN -95 45

64MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX MOSS -4.723

40MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX LICH -516.282

MOSS 40MM

SOIL HEAT FLUX -288.485

LICHEN 40MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 8 205

25MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 4 955

75MM

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 4 019

200MM

SOIL TEMP MOSS 25MM 3 723

SOIL TEMP MOSS 100MM 4 962

SOIL TEMP MOSS 225MM 4 962

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 6 191

25MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 6 642

75MM

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 7 133

200MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED -1.25

64MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED -.03

140MM

SOIL TEMP CLOSED .08

267MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI -3.5

CLOSED 25MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI -.77

CLOSED 102MM

SOIL TEMP SEMI -15.59

CLOSED 229MM

SOIL TEMP OPEN 25MM -.74

SOIL TEMP OPEN 102MM -.54

SOIL TEMP OPEN 229MM .21

SOIL WATER POT -2.4807

LICHEN 8CM

SOIL WATER POT MOSS -2.3104

8CM

44 .97

24.04

7.19

359.18

2.626

40 8

13 5

19 8

19 98

40 637

108.18

171.79

24 397

16 135

59 389

59 051

59 678

59 678

46 177

44 703

42 94

20 06

15 96

14 62

24 18

16 97

17 35

2O 8

19

18 12

-. 32

-.0301

Page 19

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

None

None

None

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

-999

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank

Blank
RAINFALLABVCNPY 0

RAINFALLBELOWCNPY 0

TROUGHRAINFALL 0

DOWNSOLARRADABV -944.88

CNPY

UP SOLARRADABV -471.38

CNPY

AIR TEMP422CM -18.06

AIR TEMP932CM -18.21

AIR TEMP1565CM -18.42

SURFPRESS 95.65

DOWNLONGWAVERAD -530.27

ABVCNPY

UP LONGWAVERADABV -69.45

CNPY

DOWNLONGWAVERAD -1.94

SENSORTEMP

UP LONGWAVERAD -1.81

SENSORTEMP

LONGPLUSSHORTRAD -750 83

ABVCNPY

SURFTEMPABVCNPY -109 58

SPECIFICHUM422CM -530 6

SPECIFICHUM932CM -511 74

SPECIFICHUM1565CM -831 9

4.5 None None None Blank

8.2 None None None Blank

43.44 None None None Blank

235.38 -999 None None Blank

804.16 -999 None None Blank

40.8 -999 None None Blank

38.49 -999 None None Blank

41.13 -999 None None Blank

997 -999 None None Blank

-15.87 -999 None None Blank

1158.79 None None None Blank

35.31 None None None Blank

35.62 None None None Blank

545.71 None None None Blank

104.94 -999 None None Blank

3528.7 -999 None None Blank

51.16 -999 None None Blank

156.11 -999 None None Blank

49.54 -999 None None Blank m mSPECIFIC HUM ABV -482.14

CNPY

REL HUM 422CM 16 203 -999 None None Blank

REL HUM 932CM 10.63 175 -999 None None Blank

REL HUM 1565CM -72 156 -999 None None Blank

REL HUM ABV CNPY 13.88 156 -999 None None Blank

SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX -149.6 593.58 -999 None None Blank

BELOW CNPY

LATENT HEAT FLUX -84.39 509.86 -999 None None Blank

BELOW CNPY

CO2 FLUX BELOW CNPY -.227 1.591 -999 None None Blank

NET RAD OPEN 100CM -996.95 1903.82 -999 None None Blank

NET RAD BELOW CNPY -998.65 1600.33 -999 None None Blank

CRTFCN CODE CPI CPI None None None None

REVISION DATE 14-JUL-99 17-AUG-99 None None None None

Minimum Data Value -- The minimum value found in the column.

Maximum Data Value -- The maximum value found in the column.

Missng Data Value -- The value that indicates missing data. This is used to

indicate that an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the attempt was unsuccessful.

Unrel Data Value -- The value that indicates unreliable data. This is used

to indicate an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the value was deemed to be

unreliable by the analysis personnel.

Below Detect Limit -- The value that indicates parameter values below the

instruments detection limits. This is used to

indicate that an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the analysis personnel determined

Page 20
Data Not Cllctd

that the parameter value was below the detection

limit of the instrumentation.

This value indicates that no attempt was made to

determine the parameter value. This usually

indicates that BORIS combined several similar but

not identical data sets into the same data base table

but this particular science team did not

measure that parameter.

Blank

N/A

None

-- Indicates that blank spaces are used to denote that type of value.

-- Indicates that the value is not applicable to the respective column.

-- Indicates that no values of that sort were found in the column.

7.4 Sample Data Record

The following are wrapped versions of data records from a sample data file on the CD-ROM.

SITE NAME,SUB SITE,DATE OBS,TIME OBS,SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY,

LIC LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY, LATENT HEAT FLUX ABV CNPY,NET RAD ABV CNPY,

CO2 FLUX ABV CNPY,DOWN PPFD ABV CNPY,UP PPFD ABV CNPY,WIND SPEED 192CM,

WIND SPEED 635CM, WIND SPEED 932CM, WIND SPEED II32CM, WIND SPEED 1465CM,

WIND SPEED ABV CNPY,GILL WIND SPEED ABV CNPY,WIND DIR ABV CNPY,

FRICTION VEL ABV CNPY,AIR TEMP ABV CNPY, SOIL HEAT FLUX CLOSED 102MM,

SOIL HEAT FLUX SEMI CLOSE 64MM, SOIL HEAT FLUX OPEN 64MM,

SOIL HEAT FLUX MOSS 40MM, SOIL HEAT FLUX LICH MOSS 40MM,

SOIL HEAT FLUX LICHEN 40MM, SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 25MM, SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 75MM,

SOIL TEMP LICH MOSS 200MM, SOIL TEMP MOSS 25MM, SOIL TEMP MOSS 100MM,

SOIL TEMP MOSS 225MM, SOIL TEMP LICHEN 25MM, SOIL TEMP LICHEN 75MM,

SOIL TEMP LICHEN 200MM, SOIL TEMP CLOSED 64MM, SOIL TEMP CLOSED 140MM,

SOIL TEMP CLOSED 267MM, SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 25MM, SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 102MM,

SOIL TEMP SEMI CLOSED 229MM, SOIL TEMP OPEN 25MM, SOIL TEMP OPEN 102MM,

SOIL TEMP OPEN 229MM, SOIL WATER POT LICHEN 8CM, SOIL WATER POT MOSS 8CM,

RAINFALL ABV CNPY,RAINFALL BELOW CNPY, TROUGH RAINFALL,DOWN SOLAR RAD ABV CNPY,

UP SOLAR RAD ABV CNPY,AIR TEMP 422CM, AIR TEMP 932CM, AIR TEMP 1565CM, SURF PRESS,

DOWN LONGWAVE RAD ABV CNPY,UP LONGWAVE RAD ABV CNPY,

DOWN LONGWAVE RAD SENSOR TEMP,UP LONGWAVE RAD SENSOR TEMP,

LONG PLUS SHORT RAD ABV CNPY, SURF TEMP ABV CNPY, SPECIFIC HUM 422CM,

SPECIFIC HUM 932CM, SPECIFIC HUM 1565CM, SPECIFIC HUM ABV CNPY,REL HUM 422CM,

REL HUM 932CM, REL HUM 1565CM, REL HUM ABV CNPY, SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX BELOW CNPY,

LATENT HEAT FLUX BELOW CNPY,CO2 FLUX BELOW CNPY,NET RAD OPEN 100CM,

NET RAD BELOW CNPY,CRTFCN CODE,REVISION DATE

'NSA-OJP-FLXTR', '9TF08-FLX01',01-JUL-94,0,35.84,-I.29,43.73,-139.48, .227,

-490.0,-60.0,.57,.83,1.33,1.7,2.18,2.51 .... 004,19.68 .... 4.371,1.72,-14.666,

-999.0,10.939,10.458,10.758,11.065,11.065,13.952,13.917,13.634 ..........

-.152,-.2857,0.0,0.0,0.0,-254.58,40.5,20.34,20.09,19.92,97.47,-287.0,

402.39,21.58,21.72,-98.68,17.09,4.75,4.53,4.51,4.35,31.0,30.0,30.0,29.0,

54.84,45.12,,-58.08,-66.91, 'CPI',I4-JUL-99

'NSA-OJP-FLXTR', '9TF08-FLX01',01-JUL-94,30,15.84,-.28,20.99,-56.15, .227,

-310.0,-50.0,.55,.75,1.25,1.9,2.39,2.91 .... 004,19.1 .... 3.54,.801,-14.674,

-999.0,10.833,10.545,10.676,11.089,11.089,13.885,13.93,13.722 ..........

-.1528,-.2879,0.0,0.0,0.0,-166.46,32.56,19.61,19.37,19.31,97.49,-271.98,

396.46,20.04,20.22,-9.42,16.01,5.28,5.1,5.02,4.86,36.0,35.0,35.0,34.0,

42.69,25.82,,-4.65,-25.11, 'CPI',I4-JUL-99

Page 21
8. Data Organization

8.1 Data Granularity

The smallest unit of data tracked by the BOREAS Information System (BORIS) was data collected

at a given site on a given date.

8.2 Data Format

The Compact Disk-Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) files contain American Standard Code for

Information Interchange (ASCII) numerical and character fields of varying length separated by

commas. The character fields are enclosed with single apostrophe marks. There are no spaces between

the fields.

Each data file on the CD-ROM has four header lines of Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML)

code at the top. When viewed with a Web browser, this code displays header information (data set

title, location, date, acknowledgments, etc.) and a series of HTML links to associated data files and

related data sets. Line 5 of each data file is a list of the column names, and line 6 and following lines

contain the actual data.

9. Data Manipulations

9.1 Formulae

9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms

Eddy correlation measurements are accomplished by simply calculating the covariance between the

fluctuating vertical velocity and the fluctuating scalar or vector quantity of interest.

9.2 Data Processing Sequence

9.2.1 Processing Steps

Averages were calculated over 20-minute periods in 1993 and 1994, and over 30-minute periods in

1996. Eddy variables had a 4-minute running mean removed from them. The Sun workstation received

the serial data and put a time stamp on each "chunk" of data representing 10 seconds. The four serial

streams were synchronized using these time stamps. To make eddy correlation estimates of scalars, a

more precise synchronization was provided by the lagged cross-correlation. This procedure was also

used to provide the appropriate lag for the LI-COR CO2 and H20 signals, as there was a separate delay

introduced by the time it took air to travel down the tubing to the sensor. Data submitted to the archive

were interpolated to half-hour intervals.

Power spectra, co- and quad-spectra, and moments (up to the 4th) were calculated in real time, in

the normal acquisition routine. Post-IFC calculations were redone after the 1993 field campaign. The

coordinate rotation of McMillen et al. (1986) was done for the 3-axis sonic.

CO2 fluxes were calibrated to ppm-m/s. The conversion from CO2 flux in ppm-m/s to mg/(m2 s)

is: (le-3*44*Pa)/(R*Tk), where Pa is the surface atmospheric pressure (kPa), R is gas constant, and

Tk is the ambient air temperature (K).

In the processing of the flux data, a program read in the daily calibration data for latent heat and for

CO2 fluxes, and also made the following corrections:

• Specific heat capacity of air was corrected for effects of vapor.

• The water vapor flux from the Krypton hygrometer was corrected for oxygen absorption.

• The Webb (Webb et al., 1980) correction was applied.

Outliers were then removed from the data set. Finally, these data, which were still on the original

20-minute time base, were interpolated to the half-hour.

Page 22
BORISstaffprocessedthesedataby:

• Reviewingtheinitial datafilesandloadingthemonlinefor BOREASteamaccess.

• Designingrelationaldatabasetablesto inventoryandstorethedata.

• Loadingthedataintotherelationaldatabasetables.

• Workingwith theteamto documenthedataset.

• Extractingthedataintologicalfiles.

9.2.2 Processing Changes

The 1996 data were averaged over 30-minute periods. The 1993 and 1994 data were averaged over

20-minute periods. These data were then interpolated to 30-minute time periods.

9.3 Calculations

9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments

The trough rain gauge values represent a direct measurement from that gauge. No correction was

made to compensate for the increase of the collection area. The collecting area for this gauge was

expanded 9 times by using the trough.

Theten's equation was used to calculate the mixing ratio. Pressure corrections due to different

height locations on the tower were considered using hydrostatic equation. The air density was held

constant at 1.212 g/m3.

9.3.2 Calculated Variables

All of the turbulent flux values were calculated, including sensible and latent heat fluxes, CO2 flux,

and friction velocity.

9.4 Graphs and Plots

None.

10. Errors

10.1 Sources of Error

Webb corrections were applied to vapor density fluxes, to account for the effect of density

fluctuations on flux estimates (Webb et al., 1980). The effect of water vapor flux on the heat capacity

of air was also accounted for in the conversion from kinematic heat flux to W/m2. The effect of oxygen

absorption in the UV was corrected for in calculating water vapor flux from the krypton hygrometer

(Campbell and Tanner, 1985).

10.2 Quality Assessment

None given.

10.2.1 Data Validation by Source

Net radiometer comparisons with the sum of components was done continuously.

10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment

See Section 4.2.1.1.

10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters

See Section 4.2.1.1.

10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments

None.

Page 23
10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center

Data were examined to check for spikes, values that are four standard deviations from the mean,

long periods of constant values, and missing data.

1 1. Notes

11.1 Limitations of the Data

None given.

11.2 Known Problems with the Data

In 1994, the PAR sensors had offsets in them that can be readily identified by looking at the

nighttime data. Problems with lags in the analog versus the serial-stream data in 1994 caused us to

recalculate fluxes using only the analog sonic signals velocity.

11.3 Usage Guidance

All investigators are urged to contact D. Fitzjarrald or K. Moore concerning questions about data

handling or instrument capability.

11.4 Other Relevant Information

None.

12. Application of the Data Set

These data are useful for the study of water, energy, and carbon exchange in a mature jack pine forest.

None.

13. Future Modifications and Plans

14.1 Software Description

None given.

14.2 Software Access

None given.

14. Software

Page 24
15. Data Access

The NSA-OJP tower flux, meteorological, and soil temperature data are available from the Earth

Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)

Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC).

15.1 Contact Information

For BOREAS data and documentation please contact:

ORNL DAAC User Services

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

P.O. Box 2008 MS-6407

Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407

Phone: (423) 241-3952

Fax: (423) 574-4665

E-mail: ornldaac@ornl.gov or ornl@eos.nasa.gov

15.2 Data Center Identification

Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory

(ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) for Biogeochemical Dynamics

http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/.

15.3 Procedures for Obtaining Data

Users may obtain data directly through the ORNL DAAC online search and order system

[http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/] and the anonymous FTP site [ftp://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/data/] or by

contacting User Services by electronic mail, telephone, fax, letter, or personal visit using the contact

information in Section 15.1.

15.4 Data Center Status/Plans

The ORNL DAAC is the primary source for BOREAS field measurement, image, GIS, and

hardcopy data products. The BOREAS CD-ROM and data referenced or listed in inventories on the

CD-ROM are available from the ORNL DAAC.

16. Output Products and Availability

16.1 Tape Products

None.

16.2 Film Products

None.

16.3 Other Products

These data are available on the BOREAS CD-ROM series.

Page 25
17. References

17.1 Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation

None.

17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports

Campbell, G.S. and B.D. Tanner. 1985. A Krypton hygrometer for measurement of atmospheric

water vapor concentration. Proc. Int. Symposium on Humidity and Moisture. Instrument Society of

America. pp. 609-614.

Funk, J.P. 1959. Improved polythene-shielded net radiometer. J. Sci. Inst. 36: 267-270.

McMillen, R.T. 1986. A BASIC program for eddy correlation in non-simple terrain. NOAA Tech.

Memo. ERL-ARL- 147.

Newcomer, J., D. Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J. Nickeson,

A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers, eds. 2000. Collected Data of The

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. NASA. CD-ROM.

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1994. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 94).

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 96).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1994

Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 94).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1997. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1996

Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 96).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, H. Margolis, B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi, G. den Hartog, J. Cihlar, M.G. Ryan, B.

Goodison, P. Crill, K.J. Ranson, D. Lettenmaier, and D.E. Wickland. 1995. The boreal

ecosystem-atmosphere study (BOREAS): an overview and early results from the 1994 field year.

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 76(9): 1549-1577.

Sellers, P.J., F.G. Hall, R.D. Kelly, A. Black, D. Baldocchi, J. Berry, M. Ryan, K.J. Ranson, P.M.

Crill, D.P. Lettenmaier, H. Margolis, J. Cihlar, J. Newcomer, D. Fitzjarrald, P.G. Jarvis, S.T.

Gower, D. Halliwell, D. Williams, B. Goodison, D.E. Wickland, and F.E. Guertin. 1997. BOREAS

in 1997: Experiment Overview, Scientific Results and Future Directions. Journal of Geophysical

Research 102(D24): 28,731-28,770.

Webb, E.K., G.I. Pearman, and R. Leuning. 1980. Correction of flux measurements density effects

due to heat and water vapour transfer. Quart. J. R. Met. Soc. 106:85-100.

17.3 Arehive/DBMS Usage Documentation

None.

None.

18. Glossary of Terms

Page 26
ASCII

ASRC

ATD

ATI

BOREAS

BORIS

CCD

CD-ROM

DAAC

EOS

EOSDIS

GIS

GMT

GSFC

HTML

IFC

JPg

ipm

NAD83

NASA

NCAR

NEP

NSA

OBS

OJP

ORNL

PAR

ppm

SSA

TF

URL

UV

YJP

19. List of Acronyms

- American Standard Code for Information Interchange

- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center

- Atmospheric Technology Division

- Applied Technologies, Inc.

- BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study

- BOREAS Information System

- Charged Coupled Device

- Compact Disk-Read-Only Memory

- Distributed Active Archive Center

- Earth Observing System

- EOS Data and Information System

- Geographic Information System

- Greenwich Mean Time

- Goddard Space Flight Center

- Hyper-Text Markup Language

- Intensive Field Campaign

- Joint Photographic experts Group

- Liters Per Minute

- North American Datum of 1983

- National Aeronautics and Space Administration

- National Center for Atmospheric Research

- Net Ecosystem Productivity

- Northern Study Area

- Old Black Spruce

- Old Jack Pine

- Oak Ridge National Laboratory

- Photosynthetically Active Radiation

- Parts Per Million

- Southern Study Area

- Tower Flux

- Uniform Resource Locator

- Ultraviolet

- Young Jack Pine

20. Document Information

20.1 Document Revision Date

Written: 21 -May- 1999

Revised: 10-Nov- 1999

20.2 Document Review Date(s)

BORIS Review: 07-Jun- 1999

Science Review:

20.3 Document ID

Page 27
20.4 Citation

When using these data, please include the following acknowledgment as well as citations of

relevant papers in Section 17.2:

These data were provided by Drs. David R. Fitzjarrald and Kathleen E. Moore.

If using data from the BOREAS CD-ROM series, also reference the data as:

Fitzjarrald, D.R. and K.E. Moore, "Surface Exchange Observations in the Canadian Boreal Forest

Region." In Collected Data of The Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. Eds. J. Newcomer, D.

Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J. Nickeson, A. Papagno, D.

Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers. CD-ROM. NASA, 2000.

Also, cite the BOREAS CD-ROM set as:

Newcomer, J., D. Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J.

Nickeson, A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers, eds. Collected Data of

The Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. NASA. CD-ROM. NASA, 2000.

20.5 Document Curator

20.6 Document URL

Page 28
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE FormApproved

OMB No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden for this collection of informationis estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources,

gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this

collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson

Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503.

1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED

November 2000 Technical Memorandum

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Technical Report Series on the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

BOREAS TF-8 NSA-OJP Tower Flux, Meteorological, and Soil Temperature

Data

6. AUTHOR(S)

Kathleen E. Moore and David R. Fitzjarrald

Forrest G. Hall and Karl Huemmrich, Editors

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Washington, DC 20546-0001

5. FUNDING NUMBERS

923

RTOP: 923-462-33-01

8. PEFORMING ORGANIZATION

REPORT NUMBER

2000-03136-0

10. SPONSORING / MONITORING

AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

TM--2000-209891

Vol. 203

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

K.E. Moore and D.R. Fitzjarrald: State University of New York, Albany;

K. Huemmrich: University of Maryland, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Unclassifie_Unlimited

Subject Category: 43

Report available from the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information,

7121 Standard Drive, Hanover, MD 21076-1320. (301) 621-0390.

12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

The BOREAS TF-8 team collected energy, CO 2, and water vapor flux data at the BOREAS NSA-OJP

site during the growing season of 1994 and most of the year for 1996. The data are available in tabular

ASCII files.

14. SUBJECT TERMS

BOREAS, tower flux, meteorological data, soil temperature data.

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF REPORT

Unclassified

NSN 7540-01-280-5500

18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF THIS PAGE

Unclassified

19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF ABSTRACT

Unclassified

15. NUMBER OF PAGES

28

16. PRICE CODE

20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT

UL

Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)

Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18

298-102