NASA/TMm2000-209891, Vol. 216

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall and David E. Knapp, Editors

Volume 216

BOREAS TF-11 SSA-Fen

Soil Surface CO 2 Flux Data

Timothy J. Arkebauer

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

November 2000

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20010022735 2018-05-14T18:59:51+00:00Z
The NASA STI Program Office ... in Profile

Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to

the advancement of aeronautics and space

science. The NASA Scientific and Technical

Information (STI) Program Office plays a key

part in helping NASA maintain this important

role.

The NASA STI Program Office is operated by

Langley Research Center, the lead center for

NASA's scientific and technical information. The

NASA STI Program Office provides access to

the NASA STI Database, the largest collection of

aeronautical and space science STI in the world.

The Program Office is also NASA's institutional

mechanism for disseminating the results of its

research and development activities. These

results are published by NASA in the NASA STI

Report Series, which includes the following

report types:

• TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of

completed research or a major significant

phase of research that present the results of

NASA programs and include extensive data or

theoretical analysis. Includes compilations of

significant scientific and technical data and

information deemed to be of continuing

reference value. NASA's counterpart of

peer-reviewed formal professional papers but

has less stringent limitations on manuscript

length and extent of graphic presentations.

• TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM. Scientific

and technical findings that are preliminary or

of specialized interest, e.g., quick release

reports, working papers, and bibliographies

that contain minimal annotation. Does not

contain extensive analysis.

• CONTRACTOR REPORT. Scientific and

technical findings by NASA-sponsored

contractors and grantees.

CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collected

papers from scientific and technical

conferences, symposia, seminars, or other

meetings sponsored or cosponsored by NASA.

SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, technical, or historical information from NASA

programs, projects, and mission, often concerned with subjects having substantial public

interest.

TECHNICAL TRANSLATION.

English-language translations of foreign scientific and technical material pertinent to NASA's

mission.

Specialized services that complement the STI

Program Office's diverse offerings include creating custom thesauri, building customized databases, organizing and publishing research results...

even providing videos.

For more information about the NASA STI Prograin Office, see the following:

Access the NASA STI Program Home Page at

http://www, sti.nasa.gov/STI-homepage.html

E-mail your question via the Internet to

help@ sti.nasa.gov

Fax your question to the NASA Access Help

Desk at (301) 621-0134

• Telephone the NASA Access Help Desk at

(301) 621-0390

Write to:

NASA Access Help Desk

NASA Center for AeroSpace Information

7121 Standard Drive

Hanover, MD 21076-1320
NASA/TMm2000-209891, Vol. 216

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall and David E. Knapp, Editors

Volume 216

BOREAS TF-11 SSA-Fen

Soil Surface CO 2 Flux Data

Timothy J. Arkebauer

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

November 2000
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information

7121 Standard Drive

Hanover, MD 21076-1320

Price Code: A17

Available from:

National Technical Information Service

5285 Port Royal Road

Springfield, VA 22161

Price Code: A10
BOREAS TF-11 SSA-Fen Soil Surface CO2 Flux Data

Timothy J. Arkebauer

Summary

The BOREAS TF-11 team gathered a variety of data to complement its tower flux measurements

collected at the SSA-Fen site. These data are soil surface CO2 flux data at the SSA-Fen site from

27-May-1994 to 23-Sep-1994 and from 13-May-1995 to 03-Oct-1995. A portable gas exchange

system was used to make these measurements. The data are stored in tabular ASCII files.

Table of Contents

1) Data Set Overview

2) Investigator(s)

3) Theory of Measurements

4) Equipment

5) Data Acquisition Methods

6) Observations

7) Data Description

8) Data Organization

9) Data Manipulations

10) Errors

11) Notes

12) Application of the Data Set

13) Future Modifications and Plans

14) Software

15) Data Access

16) Output Products and Availability

17) References

18) Glossary of Terms

19) List of Acronyms

20) Document Information

1. Data Set Overview

1.1 Data Set Identification

BOREAS TF-11 SSA-Fen Soil Surface CO 2 Flux Data

1.2 Data Set Introduction

The Tower Flux (TF)- 11 team collected soil surface CO 2 flux data at the BOReal

Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) Southern Study Area (SSA)-Fen site in 1994 and 1995. A

portable gas exchange system was used to make these measurements.

1.3 Objectives/Purpose

The objective of these measurements was to evaluate the soil surface CO 2 flux and characterize its

response to controlling variables (e.g., temperature, water content, water table depth).

1.4 Summary of Parameters

Each data record includes the date and time of measurements, surface CO 2 flux, and environmental

conditions (air temperature, soil temperature, CO2 concentration, relative humidity, and air vapor

pressure).

Page 1
1.5 Discussion

Theoverallprojectgoalwasto investigatethesurface-atmosphereexchangeof carbondioxideand

methane,andtheassociatedenergyfluxes,attheSSA-Fensite.Theexchangeof CO2atthesoil

surfaceis animportantcomponentof theoverallsurface-atmosphereCO2exchange.It isrelatedto soil

(peat)decompositionprocesses,long-termcarbonstorage,and,perhapsmoreindirectly,canopy

photosynthesis.

1.6 Related Data Sets

BOREASTF-11SSA-FenTowerFluxandMeteorologicalData

BOREASTF-11SSA-FenLeafGasExchangeData

BOREASTF-11SSA-Fen1995LeafAreaIndexData

BOREASTF-11SSA-Fen1996WaterSurfaceFilm CappingData

2. Investigator(s)

2.1 Investigator(s) Name and Title

Dr. Timothy J. Arkebauer, Associate Professor

Department of Agronomy

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Dr. Shashi B. Verma, Professor

Department of Agricultural Meteorology

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

2.2 Title of Investigation

Field Micrometeorological Measurements, Process-Level Studies and Modeling of Methane and

Carbon Dioxide Fluxes in a Boreal Wetland Ecosystem

2.3 Contact Information

Contact 1:

Dr. Timothy J. Arkebauer

Department of Agronomy

106 KCR Building

University of Nebraska

Lincoln NE 68583-0817 USA

(402) 472-2847

Contact 2:

David Knapp

Raytheon ITSS

NASA GSFC

Code 923

Greenbelt, MD 20771

(301) 286-1424

(301) 286-0239 (fax)

David.Knapp@ gsfc.nasa.gov

Page 2
3. Theory of Measurements

Surface CO2 flUX measurements were made by using an LI-6200 system in the closed-circuit mode.

An LI-6000-09 Soil Respiration Chamber was used with the system. The CO2 flux is calculated via the

change in CO2 concentration in the sample chamber with time. Further details can be found in the

LI-6200 Technical Reference Manual (LI-COR, Inc., 1990). Additional information on the general

theory related to gas exchange measurements can be found in Ball (1987).

4. Equipment

4.1 Instrument Description

The measurements were made with an LI-6200 Portable Photosynthesis System outfitted with an

LI-6000-09 Soil Respiration Chamber. The chamber volume is approximately l-liter, and it covers 83

cm2 of the soil surface.

4.1.1 Collection Environment

All measurements were made under ambient environmental conditions in the field at the SSA-Fen

site.

4.1.2 Source/Platform

Measurements were made from platforms or boardwalks raised approximately 0.2 m above the fen

surface.

4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives

None given.

4.1.4 Key Variables

Soil surface CO 2 flux, soil temperature, air temperature, air vapor pressure, air CO 2 concentration,

distance between soil surface and water table.

4.1.5 Principles of Operation

The LI-6200 was operated in the closed mode. Surface CO 2 fluxes were determined from the time

rate of change of CO2 concentration in the LI-6000-09 chamber. CO2 concentrations are measured

with an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). A pump circulates the air from the respiration chamber, through

the analyzer, and back into the chamber. Water vapor concentrations in the sample chamber are

determined by a Vaisala humidity chip and a thermistor sensing the air temperature. Soil temperatures

are determined by a thermocouple pair that measures the temperature difference between the air

thermistor and a thermocouple inserted 10 cm below the soil surface.

Additional information is found in the LI-COR LI-6200 Technical Reference manual, the LI-COR

LI-6000-09 Soil Respiration Chamber instruction manual, and Norman et al. (1992).

4.1.6 Sensor/Instrument Measurement Geometry

The measurements were made with an LI-6200 Portable Photosynthesis System outfitted with an

LI-6000-09 Soil Respiration Chamber. The chamber volume is approximately l-liter, and it covers 83

cm2 of the soil surface.

Page 3
4.1.7 Manufacturer of Instrument

LI-COR, Inc.

P.O. Box 4425

4421 Superior Street

Lincoln, NE 68504 USA

(402) 467-3576

(402) 467-2819 (fax)

4.2 Calibration

4.2.1 Specifications

The IRGAs, the humidity chips, the flow meters, and the quantum sensors were calibrated by the

manufacturer prior to each field season. The zero and span of the LI-6200 CO2 analyzer were

calibrated against known standard gases in the field.

4.2.1.1 Tolerance

None given.

4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration

Annual calibration of the IRGAs, the humidity chips, the flow meters, and the quantum sensors

were done by the manufacturer. Daily calibration of the zero and span of the IRGAs was done in the

field. The CO2 zero and the flow meter zero were checked and adjusted several times daily.

4.2.3 Other Calibration Information

Calibration gases for the IRGAs were obtained from:

Acklands

1042 Quebec Ave.

Saskatoon, Saskatchewan CANADA, S7K 1V5

(Primary supplier: Linde gas, Alberta, CANADA)

These gases were calibrated against gases of known concentration traceable to the National Oceanic

and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO.

5. Data Acquisition Methods

The surface CO 2 fluxes were measured at 48 collar locations (see Section 7.1.1). These collars were

positioned in early May each year and were not moved during the growing season. When the water

table covered a collar, the measurement was made at the water surface above the collar.

For each surface flux determination, the LI-6000-09 chamber was first positioned atop the

polyvinylchloride (PVC) collar such that a good seal was obtained. A tripod was used to hold the

chamber in position. Fluxes were determined from the change of CO2 concentration inside the closed

system. Care was taken to determine fluxes when the CO2 concentration in the chamber was near

ambient (ca. 350 ppm); at times this meant drawing down the system CO2 concentration by using the

LI-6200 soda lime scrubber. Once the chamber was in place, individual measurements took about 1

minute to complete.

A negative surface CO2 flux (e.g., soil respiration) indicates that the net flux of CO2 is from the

soil into the atmosphere.

Page 4
6. Observations

6.1 Data Notes

None given.

6.2 Field Notes

A limited set of field notes and observations is available by request from T.J. Arkebaner (see

Section 2.3).

7. Data Description

7.1 Spatial Characteristics

7.1.1 Spatial Coverage

The SSA-Fen is a "patterned" fen with a heterogenous surface. Areas of open water alternate with

2- to 20-cm-tall hummocks composed of more or less consolidated vegetation. Larger features include

strings, where the peat surface is about 20-50 cm above the water table, and flarks, which are more

extensive areas of open water. We attempted to characterize the variability in the surface CO2 flux

associated with these microtopographic features as well as to obtain estimates of the surface CO2 flux

in the vicinity of the micrometeorological tower.

In mid-August 1993, two permanent boardwalks were laid out about 200 m north and south of the

main (eddy correlation) boardwalk. Twelve measurement platforms were erected along each boardwalk

to allow us access to the fen surface without standing on it. Six of these platforms (N1, N2, S 1, $2,

$5, and $6) were located on obvious (i.e., large) strings. (Note that these larger strings were, for the

most part, absent from the "micrometeorological footprint" sensed by the eddy correlation sensors.)

All the 1994 and 1995 surface flux data were obtained adjacent to these platforms. Platforms N3, N4,

N5, N6, $3, and $4 were judged to be most representative of the micrometeorological tower footprint.

These six platforms were all located in extensive areas of Betula pumila. The surface here consisted of

sedge (Carex sp.) hummocks interspersed with open water where Menyanthes trifoliata was common.

At the beginning of each season, 48 PVC collars (about 10 cm in diameter and 10 cm long) were

placed near the 12 access platforms (four at each platform). Each of the four were positioned so that

one collar was in a low spot, one was on a high spot, and two were in between. As the water table

position changed during the season, the collars were alternately inundated and exposed.

The SSA-Fen tower was located at the following North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83)

coordinates:

Latitude Longitude BOREAS X BOREAS Y UTM Northing UTM Easting

53.80206°N i04.61798°W 419.527 330.991 5961566.6 525159.8

7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map

Not available.

7.1.3 Spatial Resolution

Each measurement represents the flux at a 10-cm-diameter area near the SSA-Fen tower site.

7.1.4 Projection

These data were collected at point locations.

7.1.5 Grid Description

None.

Page 5
7.2 Temporal Characteristics

7.2.1 Temporal Coverage

Measurements were made from 27-May-1994 to 23-Sep-1994 and from 13-May-1995 to

03-Oct- 1995.

7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map

None.

7.2.3 Temporal Resolution

Measurements were taken at multiple times during the growing seasons.

7.3 Data Characteristics

7.3.1 Parameter/Variable

The parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

TIME

INSTRUMENT NUM

CHAMBER AREA

SYSTEM VOLUME

PLATFORM

PLATFORM REP

WATER TABLE HGT

CHAMBER ID

DIST H20 TABLE

OBS NUM

SOIL TEMP 10CM

AIR TEMP CHAMBER

CO2 CONC

AIR FLOW CHAMBER

REL HUM CHAMBER

VAPOR PRESS CHAMBER

CO2 FLUX

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

Page 6
7.3.2 Variable Description/Definition

The descriptions of the parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name Description

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

TIME

INSTRUMENT NUM

CHAMBER AREA

SYSTEM VOLUME

PLATFORM

PLATFORM REP

WATER TABLE HGT

CHAMBER ID

DIST H20 TABLE

OBS NUM

SOIL TEMP 10CM

AIR TEMP CHAMBER

CO2 CONC

AIR FLOW CHAMBER

REL HUM CHAMBER

VAPOR PRESS CHAMBER

CO2 FLUX

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

The identifier assigned to the site by BOREAS,

in the format SSS-TTT-CCCCC, where SSS identifies

the portion of the study area: NSA, SSA, REG,

TRN, and TTT identifies the cover type for the

site, 999 if unknown, and CCCCC is the identifier

for site, exactly what it means will vary with

site type.

The identifier assigned to the sub-site by

BOREAS, in the format GGGGG-IIIII, where GGGGG is

the group associated with the sub-site

instrument, e.g. HYD06 or STAFF, and IIIII is the

identifier for sub-site, often this will refer to

an instrument.

The date on which the data were collected.

The Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) when the data were

collected.

The instrument number used for the measurement.

If = 6400, the LI-COR 6400 was used.

Otherwise, the LI-COR 6200 was used and the

number indicates the LI-COR 6200 file number.

The total area covered by the respiration

chamber.

The total system volume of the equipment used to

measure flux.

The object (e.g., satellite, aircraft, tower,

person) that supported the instrument.

The platform representation where 0 means that

the platform is representative of the

micrometeorological footprint and 1 means that

the platform is representative of the larger

strings in the fen.

Water table height above a reference surface.

Identifier assigned to the chamber measured.

The distance between the surface inside the

collar and the water table.

The observation number.

Soil temperature at a depth of i0 cm.

The temperature of the air in the chamber.

CO2 concentration.

The total air flow rate through the system.

The relative humidity of the air in the chamber.

Vapor pressure of the air in the chamber.

Carbon Dioxide flux.

The BOREAS certification level of the data.

Examples are CPI (Checked by PI), CGR (Certified

by Group), PRE (Preliminary), and CPI-??? (CPI

but questionable).

The most recent date when the information in the

referenced data base table record was revised.

Page 7
7.3.3 Unit of Measurement

The measurement units for the parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name Units

SITE NAME [none]

SUB SITE [none]

DATE OBS [DD-MON-YY]

TIME [HHMMSS GMT]

INSTRUMENT NUM [unitless]

CHAMBER AREA [millimeters^2]

SYSTEM VOLUME [millimeters^3]

PLATFORM [none]

PLATFORM REP [none]

WATER TABLE HGT [millimeters]

CHAMBER ID [none]

DIST H20 TABLE [millimeters]

OBS NUM [unitless]

SOIL TEMP 10CM [degrees Celsius]

AIR TEMP CHAMBER [degrees Celsius]

CO2 CONC [parts per million]

AIR FLOW CHAMBER [micromoles] [second ^-i]

REL HUM CHAMBER [percent]

VAPOR PRESS CHAMBER [millibars]

CO2 FLUX [micromoles] [meter^-2] [second^-l]

CRTFCN CODE [none]

REVISION DATE [DD-MON-YY]

7.3.4 Data Source

The sources of the parameter values contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

Column Name Data Source

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

TIME

INSTRUMENT NUM

CHAMBER AREA

SYSTEM VOLUME

PLATFORM

PLATFORM REP

WATER TABLE HGT

CHAMBER ID

DIST H20 TABLE

OBS NUM --

SOIL TEMP 10CM

AIR TEMP CHAMBER

CO2 CONC

AIR FLOW CHAMBER

REL--HUM CHAMBER

VAPOR PRESS CHAMBER

CO2 FLUX

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

[Assigned by BORIS.]

[Assigned by BORIS.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Supplied by Investigator.]

[Assigned by BORIS.]

[Assigned by BORIS.]

Page 8
7.3.5 Data Range

The following table gives information about the parameter values found in the data files on the

CD-ROM.

Minimum Maximum Missng Unrel Below Data

Data Data Data Data Detect Not

Column Name Value Value Value Value Limit Cllctd

SITE NAME SSA-FEN-FLXTR SSA-FEN-FLXTR None None None None

SUB SITE 9TFII-SSC01 9TFII-SSC01 None None None None

DATE OBS 27-MAY-94 03-OCT-95 None None None None

TIME 14200 234518 None None None None

INSTRUMENT NUM 1 695 None None None None

CHAMBER AREA 7100 8300 None None None None

SYSTEM VOLUME 989900 1458000 -999 None None None

PLATFORM N1 S6 None None None None

PLATFORM REP 0 1 None None None None

WATER TABLE HGT 35 287 -999 None None None

CHAMBER ID 0 9 None None None None

DIST H20 TABLE 0 330 -999 None None None

OBS NUM 1 3 None None None None

SOIL TEMP 10CM .838 22.63 -999 None None None

AIR TEMP CHAMBER 5.703 33.03 None None None Blank

CO2 CONC 331.7 524.4 None None None None

AIR FLOW CHAMBER 226.7 1228 None None None None

REL HUM CHAMBER 3.69 98.5 None None None None

VAPOR PRESS CHAMBER 1.608 24.91 None None None None

CO2 FLUX -28.43 .2218 None None None None

CRTFCN CODE CPI CPI None None None None

REVISION DATE 01-APR-99 01-APR-99 None None None None

Minimum Data Value -- The minimum value found in the column.

Maximum Data Value -- The maximum value found in the column.

Missng Data Value -- The value that indicates missing data. This is used to

indicate that an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the attempt was unsuccessful.

Unrel Data Value -- The value that indicates unreliable data. This is used

to indicate an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the value was deemed to be

unreliable by the analysis personnel.

Below Detect Limit -- The value that indicates parameter values below the

instruments detection limits. This is used to

indicate that an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the analysis personnel determined

that the parameter value was below the detection

limit of the instrumentation.

Data Not Cllctd -- This value indicates that no attempt was made to

determine the parameter value. This usually

indicates that BORIS combined several similar but

not identical data sets into the same data base table

but this particular science team did not

measure that parameter.

Blank -- Indicates that blank spaces are used to denote that type of value.

N/A -- Indicates that the value is not applicable to the respective column.

None -- Indicates that no values of that sort were found in the column.

Page 9
7.4 Sample Data Record

The following are wrapped versions of data record from a sample data file on the CD-ROM.

SITE NAME,SUB SITE,DATE OBS,TIME, INSTRUMENT NUM, CHAMBER AREA, SYSTEM VOLUME,

PLATFORM, PLATFORM REP,WATER TABLE HGT,CHAMBER ID,DIST H20 TABLE,OBS NUM,

SOIL TEMP 10CM, AIR TEMP CHAMBER, CO2 CONC,AIR FLOW CHAMBERTREL HUM CHAMBER,

VAPOR PRESS CHAMBER, CO2 FLUX,CRTFCN CODE,REVISION DATE

'SSA-FEN-FLXTR', '9TFII-SSC01',27-MAY-94,230757,4,8300,-999, 'NI',I,-999.0, '2',

-999,1,-999.0,28.26,359.1,i014.0,21.33,8.189,-.5404, 'CPI',01-APR-99

'SSA-FEN-FLXTR', '9TFII-SSC01',27-MAY-94,231537,5,8300,-999, 'NI',I,-999.0, '2',

-999,1,-999.0,28.07,358.8,1010.0,25.82,9.803,-.8599, 'CPI',01-APR-99

8. Data Organization

8.1 Data Granularity

The smallest amount of data that can be ordered from this data set is a day's worth of data for a

given site.

8.2 Data Format

The Compact Disk-Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) files contain American Standard Code for

Information Interchange (ASCII) numerical and character fields of varying length separated by

commas. The character fields are enclosed with single apostrophe marks. There are no spaces between

the fields.

Each data file on the CD-ROM has four header lines of Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML)

code at the top. When viewed with a Web browser, this code displays header information (data set

title, location, date, acknowledgments, etc.) and a series of HTML links to associated data files and

related data sets. Line 5 of each data file is a list of the column names, and line 6 and following lines

contain the actual data.

9. Data Manipulations

9.1 Formulae

Formulae for calculating the C02 flux rates are given in the LI-6200 Technical Reference Manual.

9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms

None given.

9.2 Data Processing Sequence

9.2.1 Processing Steps

• The BOREAS Information System (BORIS) received data from TF-11.

• BORIS standardized the units and loaded data into the data base.

• BORIS extracted data from database into ASCII files.

9.2.2 Processing Changes

None.

9.3 Calculations

None.

9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments

None.

Page 10
9.3.2 Calculated Variables

None.

9.4 Graphs and Plots

None.

10. Errors

10.1 Sources of Error

Calibration drift: The flow meter zero and IRGA CO2 zero exhibited occasional drifts. The zeros

were set periodically throughout the day.

10.2 Quality Assessment

None given.

10.2.1 Data Validation by Source

None given.

10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment

None given.

10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters

None given.

10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments

None given.

10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center

BORIS staff loaded the data into the data base and checked for any inconsistencies during loading.

11. Notes

11.1 Limitations of the Data

None given.

11.2 Known Problems With The Data

There were problems with the soil thermocouple probes used in 1994. All 1994 soil temperatures

are indicated as missing values. The difficult-to-interpret 1994 soil temperatures may be available by

special request from T.J. Arkebauer.

11.3 Usage Guidance

The normal caveat of 'use at your own risk' applies. Correspondence with T.J. Arkebauer is

encouraged when questions arise. A negative surface CO2 flux (e.g., soil respiration) indicates that the

net flux of CO2 is from the soil into the atmosphere.

11.4 Other Relevant Information

Dr. Evan C. Jolitz was responsible for much of the day-to-day coordination of the field

measurements. Mr. Shawn Stevens and Mr. Tommi Peltovuori assisted in data collection in 1994.

Their assistance is greatly appreciated. We also thank LI-COR, Inc., for their generous contribution of

various prototypes of the LI-6000-09 respiration chambers.

Page 11
12. Application of the Data Set

These data can be used to better understand the soil C02 flux at a typical fen in the boreal forest.

None.

13. Future Modifications and Plans

14.1 Software Description

None given.

14.2 Software Access

None given.

14. Software

15. Data Access

The SSA-Fen soil surface C02 flUX data are available from the Earth Observing System Data and

Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Archive

Center (DAAC).

15.1 Contact Information

For BOREAS data and documentation please contact:

ORNL DAAC User Services

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

P.O. Box 2008 MS-6407

Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407

Phone: (423) 241-3952

Fax: (423) 574-4665

E-mail: ornldaac@ornl.gov or ornl@eos.nasa.gov

15.2 Data Center Identification

Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory

(ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) for Biogeochemical Dynamics

http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/.

15.3 Procedures for Obtaining Data

Users may obtain data directly through the ORNL DAAC online search and order system

[http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/] and the anonymous FTP site [ftp://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/data/] or by

contacting User Services by electronic mail, telephone, fax, letter, or personal visit using the contact

information in Section 15.1.

15.4 Data Center Status/Plans

The ORNL DAAC is the primary source for BOREAS field measurement, image, GIS, and

hardcopy data products. The BOREAS CD-ROM and data referenced or listed in inventories on the

CD-ROM are available from the ORNL DAAC.

Page 12
16. Output Products and Availability

16.1 Tape Products

None.

16.2 Film Products

None.

16.3 Other Products

These data are available on the BOREAS CD-ROM series.

17. References

17.1 Platform/Sensor/Data Processing Documentation

LI-6200 Technical Reference Manual. March 1990. LI-COR, Inc., Lincoln NE, USA.

LI-6000-09 Instruction Manual, November 1993. LI-COR, Inc., Lincoln NE, USA.

17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports

Ball, J.T. 1987. Calculations related to gas exchange. In: Stomatal Function. E. Zeiger, G.D.

Farquhar, and I.R. Cowan (eds.). Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, pp. 446-475.

Newcomer, J., D. Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J. Nickeson,

A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers, eds. 2000. Collected Data of The

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. NASA. CD-ROM.

Norman, J.M., R. Garcia, and S.B. Verma. 1992. Soil surface C02 fluxes and the carbon budget of a

grassland. Journal of Geophysical Research 97(D 17): 18,845-18,853.

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1994. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 94).

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 96).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1994

Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 94).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1997. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1996

Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 96).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, H. Margolis, B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi, G. den Hartog, J. Cihlar, M.G. Ryan, B.

Goodison, P. Crill, K.J. Ranson, D. Lettenmaier, and D.E. Wickland. 1995. The boreal

ecosystem-atmosphere study (BOREAS): an overview and early results from the 1994 field year.

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 76(9): 1549-1577.

Sellers, P.J., F.G. Hall, R.D. Kelly, A. Black, D. Baldocchi, J. Berry, M. Ryan, K.J. Ranson, P.M.

Crill, D.P. Lettenmaier, H. Margolis, J. Cihlar, J. Newcomer, D. Fitzjarrald, P.G. Jarvis, S.T.

Gower, D. Halliwell, D. Williams, B. Goodison, D.E. Wickland, and F.E. Guertin. 1997. BOREAS

in 1997: Experiment Overview, Scientific Results and Future Directions. Journal of Geophysical

Research 102(D24): 28,731-28,770.

Page 13
17.3 Archive/DBMS Usage Documentation

None.

None.

18. Glossary of Terms

ASCII

BOREAS

BORIS

CD-ROM

DAAC

DOY

EOS

EOSDIS

GIS

GMT

GSFC

HTML

IFC

IRGA

NAD83

NASA

NOAA

NSA

ORNL

PANP

PPMV

PVC

SSA

TF

URL

19. List of Acronyms

- American Standard Code for Information Interchange

- BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study

- BOREAS Information System

- Compact Disk-Read-Only-Memory

- Distributed Active Archive Center

- Day of the Year

- Earth Observing System

- EOS Data and Information System

- Geographic Information System

- Greenwich Mean Time

- Goddard Space Flight Center

- HyperText Markup Language

- Intensive Field Campaign

- Infrared Gas Analyzer

- North American Datum of 1983

- National Aeronautics and Space Administration

- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

- Northern Study Area

- Oak Ridge National Laboratory

- Prince Albert National Park

- Parts Per Million by Volume

- Polyvinylchloride

- Southern Study Area

- Tower Flux

- Uniform Resource Locator

20. Document Information

20.1 Document Revision Date

Written: 30-Jun- 1997

Last Revised: 13-Sep- 1999

20.2 Document Review Date(s)

BORIS Review: 19-Apr- 1999

Science Review:

20.3 Document ID

Page 14
20.4 Citation

Whenusingthesedata,pleaseacknowledgeT.J.ArkebauerandE.C.Jolitzandincludecitationsof

relevantpapersin Section17.2.

If usingdatafromtheBOREASCD-ROM series,alsoreferencethedataas:

Arkebauer,T.J.andS.B.Verma,"Field MicrometeorologicalMeasurements,Process-Level

StudiesandModelingof MethaneandCarbonDioxideFluxesin aBorealWetlandEcosystem

(SSA-Fen)."In CollectedDataof TheBorealEcosystem-AtmosphereStudy.Eds.J.Newcomer,D.

Landis,S.Conrad,S.Curd,K. Huemmrich,D. Knapp,A. Morrell, J. Nickeson,A. Papagno,D.

Rinker, R.Strub,T. Twine, F.Hall, andP.Sellers.CD-ROM. NASA, 2000.

Also,citetheBOREASCD-ROMsetas:

Newcomer,J.,D. Landis,S.Conrad,S.Curd,K. Huemmrich,D. Knapp,A. Morrell, J.

Nickeson,A. Papagno,D. Rinker,R.Strub,T. Twine,F. Hall, andP.Sellers,eds.CollectedDataof

TheBorealEcosystem-AtmosphereStudy.NASA. CD-ROM.NASA, 2000.

20.5 Document Curator

20.6 Document URL

Page 15
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE FormApproved

OMB No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden for this collection of informationis estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources,

gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this

collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson

Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503.

1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED

November 2000 Technical Memorandum

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Technical Report Series on the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

BOREAS TF-11 SSA-Fen Soil Surface CO 2 Flux Data

6. AUTHOR(S)

Timothy J. Arkebauer

Forrest G. Hall and David E. Knapp, Editors

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Washington, DC 20546-0001

5. FUNDING NUMBERS

923

RTOP: 923-462-33-01

8. PEFORMING ORGANIZATION

REPORT NUMBER

2000-03136-0

10. SPONSORING / MONITORING

AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

TM--2000-209891

Vol. 216

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

T.J. Arkebauer: University of Nebraska-Lincoln;

D.E. Knapp: Raytheon ITSS, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Unclassifie_Unlimited

Subject Category: 43

Report available from the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information,

7121 Standard Drive, Hanover, MD 21076-1320. (301) 621-0390.

12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

The BOREAS TF-11 team gathered a variety of data to complement its tower flux measurements

collected at the SSA-Fen site. These data are soil surface CO 2 flux data at the SSA-Fen site from 27-

May- 1994 to 23-Sep- 1994 and from 13-May- 1995 to 03-Oct- 1995. A portable gas exchange system

was used to make these measurements. The data are stored in tabular ASCII files.

14. SUBJECT TERMS

BOREAS, tower flux, soil surface data.

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF REPORT

Unclassified

NSN 7540-01-280-5500

18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF THIS PAGE

Unclassified

19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF ABSTRACT

Unclassified

15. NUMBER OF PAGES

15

16. PRICE CODE

20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT

UL

Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)

Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18

298-102