NASA/TMm2000-209891, Vol. 192

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall and Andrea Papagno, Editors

Volume 192

BOREAS TF-1 SSA-OA Soil

Characteristics Data

T. Andrew Black, Z. Chen, and Zoran Nesic

University of British Columbia, Vancouver

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

October 2000

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20010022370 2018-05-14T18:56:11+00:00Z
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NASA/TMm2000-209891, Vol. 192

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall and Andrea Papagno, Editors

Volume 192

BOREAS TF-1 SSA-OA Soil

Characteristics Data

T. Andrew Black, Z. Chen, and Zoran Nesic

University of British Columbia, Vancouver

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

October 2000
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information

7121 Standard Drive

Hanover, MD 21076-1320

Price Code: A17

Available from:

National Technical Information Service

5285 Port Royal Road

Springfield, VA 22161

Price Code: A10
BOREAS TF-1 SSA-OA Soil Characteristics Data

T. Andrew Black, Z. Chert, Zoran Nesic

Summary

The BOREAS TF-1 team collected several data sets in support of its efforts to characterize and interpret

soil information at the SSA-OA tower site in 1994 as part of BOREAS. Data sets collected include soil

respiration, temperature, moisture, and gravimetric data. The data are stored in tabular ASCII format.

Table of Contents

1) Data Set Overview

2) Investigator(s)

3) Theory of Measurements

4) Equipment

5) Data Acquisition Methods

6) Observations

7) Data Description

8) Data Organization

9) Data Manipulations

10) Errors

11) Notes

12) Application of the Data Set

13) Future Modifications and Plans

14) Software

15) Data Access

16) Output Products and Availability

17) References

18) Glossary of Terms

19) List of Acronyms

20) Document Information

1. Data Set Overview

1.1 Data Set Identification

BOREAS TF-01 SSA-OA Soil Characteristics Data

1.2 Data Set Introduction

Tower Flux (TF)-01 collected measurements of soil respiration, temperature, moisture, and

gravimetric data in an effort to characterize the soil at the Southern Study Area (SSA) Old Aspen (OA)

tower site in 1994 as part of the BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS).

1.3 Objective/Purpose

The objectives of this research were to:

• Determine the efflux of CO2 from the soil using the closed-chamber method and to investigate

the flow of C and N through the litter/soil system (Paul Voroney and Craig Russell,

University of Guelph).

• Determine the course of soil moisture content during the year using gravimetric (University of

British Columbia) and Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) (University of Guelph and

University of British Columbia).

Page 1
1.4 Summary of Parameters

The soil respiration flux data contain measurements of mean daytime soil C02 flUX, mean daytime

soil temperature, mean daytime chamber air temperature, and mean daytime chamber relative humidity.

The CO2 concentration data include measurements of the CO2 concentration in the humus soil layer

at 62 mm below the surface of the soil and in the surface mineral soil layer at 15 cm below the soil

surface.

The soil temperature data contain measurements of the mean daily soil temperature at depths of 50

mm, 100 mm, 200 mm, 500 mm, and 1 m.

The soil gravimetric data contain measurements of mean gravimetric and mean volumetric soil

moisture and mean bulk density taken at the following soil depths: Litter-Fibric-Humus (LFH) organic

soil horizons, 0-3 cm, 3-6 cm and 6-10 cm, and 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm.

The soil moisture data contain measurements of soil moisture in the mid-humus, mineral soil, and

submineral soil layers taken at locations A, B, C, and D at the SSA-OA site using surface probes. Soil

moisture was also measured at depths ranging from 0 cm to 120 cm in increments of 15 cm using

depth probes read by Tektronix Cable Tester and Moisture Point (Gabel Corp.) instruments.

The soil moisture summary data contain means, variation coefficients, and the number of

observations of the soil moisture data as discussed above.

1.5 Discussion

TF-01 collected measurements of soil respiration, temperature, moisture, and gravimetric data in an

effort to characterize the soil at the SSA-OA tower site in 1994 as part of BOREAS. The closed

chamber was the primary method of measuring soil CO2 efflux. The data from this method were used

to obtain the seasonal pattern of soil CO2 efflux. The open chamber method was used over a 3-week

period late in the growing season to determine the diurnal patterns of soil CO2 efflux. A soil

temperature profile was taken at depths of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 cm using CSI direct-burial

copper-constantan thermocouples. Gravimetric measurements of soil water content of the surface

layers (0-3, 3-6, and 6-10 cm) were made every 2-3 days. In addition, the TDR technique (Hook and

Livingston, 1996) was also used. Two probes consisting of three stainless steel roads (3 mm in

diameter, 30 cm long, and 2 cm apart) were positioned horizontally at 8-cm (organic layer) and 15-cm

(mineral layer) depths. Five 120-cm segmented rods (two thin stainless steel strips 1.2 cm wide and

1.5 cm apart bonded by an epoxy resin layer) were installed to measure average water content in 15-cm

(0- to 30-cm depth) and 30-cm layers (30- to 120-cm depth). The TDR rods near hut B (University of

British Columbia) were mainly read using the Tektronix Cable Tester in hut B with signal cables

(about 30 m long) extending out to the TDR rods. A small manually weighed lysimeter (15 cm

diameter x 15 cm deep) was operated for 15 days in July and August of 1994 to determine the

magnitude of evaporation from the soil.

1.6 Related Data Sets

BOREAS HYD-06 Moss/Humus Moisture Data

BOREAS TE-01 Soils Data Over the SSA Tower Sites in Raster Format

BOREAS TF-01 SSA-OA Tower Flux, Meteorological, and Soil Temperature Data

BOREAS TF-01 SSA-OA Understory Flux, Meteorological, and Soil Temperature Data

BOREAS TF-02 SSA-OA Tower Flux, Meteorological, and Precipitation Data

BOREAS TGB-01 Soil CH4 And CO2 Profile Data From NSA Tower Sites

BOREAS TGB-12 Soil Carbon Data

Page 2
2. Investigator(s)

2.1 Investigator(s) Name and Title

Dr. T. Andy Black, Professor

2.2 Title of Investigation

Boreal Forest Atmosphere Interactions: Exchanges of Energy, Water Vapor and Trace Gases

(SSA-OA)

2.3 Contact Information

Contact 1:

Mr. Zoran Nesic

University of British Columbia

Department of Soil Science

2357 Main Mall Rm. 139

Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4

CANADA

(604) 822-3479

(604) 822-5654 (Lab)

(604) 822-8639 (fax)

NESIC@PPC.UBC.CA

Contact 2:

Prof. T. Andy Black

University of British Columbia

Department of Soil Science

2357 Main Mall Rm. 139

Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4

CANADA

(604) 822-2730

(604) 822-8639 (fax)

ablack@unixg.ubc.ca

Contact 3:

Andrea Papagno

Raytheon ITSS

NASA GSFC

Code 923.4

Greenbelt, MD 20771

(301) 286-3134

(301) 286-0239 (fax)

Andrea.Papagno@ gsfc.nasa.gov

3. Theory of Measurements

Three methods were employed to estimate soil CO2 efflux. The first method used Fick's law, which

required estimates of soil gas (CO2) diffusivity and measured CO2 concentration gradients. See

Section 18 for a definition of Fick's law. The second method used the accumulation of gas within a

chamber placed over the soil surface (static closed chamber). The third method is the steady-state or

dynamic open chamber. In this method, flow rate through the chamber and the difference in gas

concentration between the inlet and outlet of the chamber are measured. The CO2 efflux is given by the

Page 3
productof theconcentrationdifferenceandflow rate.Theseestimateswerecomparedwithnighttime

eddycovarianceCO2fluxes (Russellet al., 1998).

TDRreliesonthedifferentdielectricconstantsfor waterandairto detectthereflectionof a

high-frequencyelectromagneticpulsesentdownatransmissionline orwaveguide,with volumewater

contentrelatedto theapparentdielectricconstantby amodeldescribedby HookandLivingston

(1996).

4. Equipment

4.1 Sensor/Instrument Description

4.1.1 Collection Environment

Soil respiration, soil CO 2 concentrations, gravimetric, and soil moisture data were collected by

TF-01 from the ground or from the soil respiration boardwalk at the SSA-OA site. Soil respiration was

measured with a LI-COR 6200 portable photosynthesis unit from the 6000-09 soil respiration

chamber. Data are daytime averages of daily observations recorded between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. local

time. Soil CO2 concentrations were collected in evacuated containers from sampling lines in the surface

soil. Data are daily averages of half-hour observations. Data for 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 m below the soil

surface are averages of three probes (one close to tower, i.e., University of British Columbia probes,

and two along soil respiration boardwalk, i.e., University of Guelph probes). Data for 0.5 and 1.0 m

were recorded from one set of probes close to the SSA-OA flux tower. Gravimetric data were derived

from the weight loss of wet soil after 72 hours in an oven at 60 °C for organic soil samples and at 105

°C for mineral soil samples.

Soil moisture was determined from the time delay along probe transmission lines, i.e., TDR. Time

delays were converted to volumetric moisture contents using the Hook and Livingston (1996) equation

where the ratio of the time delay in dry soil to that in air was 1.2 for organic soil and 1.55 for mineral

soil. Two types of TDR probes were used. Surface probes consisted of three parallel 0.3-m lengths of

stainless steel welding rod 2 cm apart. These were inserted into surface soil layers, i.e., 0 to 0.3 m in a

horizontal orientation, and connected to a Tektronix cable tester via lengths of coaxial cable. Depth

probes were purchased from Environmental Sensors, Inc., along with a MoisturePoint TDR analysis

instrument. The depth probes could be read by both Tektronix and MoisturePoint instruments. The

depth probes were 4 feet in length and could estimate soil moisture content along five segments (6",

6", 1', 1', 1'). These probes were inserted vertically into the forest floor.

4.1.2 Source/Platform

Soil respiration, soil CO2 concentrations, gravimetric, and soil moisture data were collected by

TF-01 from the ground or from the soil respiration boardwalk at the SSA-OA site.

4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives

The general objective was to study carbon dioxide and water vapor exchange between the forest

and atmosphere at SSA-OA. Specific objectives were to:

• Measure the fluxes of sensible heat, H20, and CO2 above the aspen stand throughout the

year.

• Obtain from the CO2 flux data estimates of gross photosynthesis and respiration.

• Determine the contribution of the hazelnut understory to net ecosystem productivity (NEP).

• Determine the effects of environmental factors on stand evapotranspiration (E) and NEP.

• Take part in the development of procedures for scaling up component fluxes to the stand level.

• Study the processes controlling turbulent transfer of H20 and CO2 within the stand.

• Take part in the evaluation of methods of estimating nocturnal CO 2 in and above the stand.

Page 4
4.1.4 Key Variables

MeansoilC02 flux, soil C02 concentration, mean volumetric soil moisture, mean soil

temperature, mean soil bulk density, mean gravimetric soil moisture, mean TDR soil moisture, and

TDR soil moisture.

4.1.5 Principles of Operation

The principles of operation of most of the instruments can be found in Pearcy et al., 1991, and

Fritschen and Gay, 1979. (See Sections 3 and 4.1.1 also.)

4.1.6 Sensor/Instrument Measurement Geometry

Closed chamber: Inner diameter 9.55 cm and height 14.60 cm. Open chamber: Collar inner

diameter 20 cm and collar height 10 cm (Russell et al., 1998). TDR: 120-cm segmented (two 15-cm

segments and three 30-cm segments) rods (two stainless steel strips 2 cm apart separated by epoxy)

with shorting diodes (Hook et al., 1992).

4.1.7 Manufacturer of Sensor/Instrument

Cable Length Tester (model 1502B & C)

Tektronix, Inc

26600 SW Parkway

Wilsonville, OR 97070 USA

800-TEK-WIDE

Data logging system 21x, CR10

Campbell Scientific

P.O. Box 551

Logan, UT 84321 USA

(801) 753-2342

(801) 752-3268 (fax)

Field (110 VAC) drying oven

LI-COR 6200 portable photosynthesis unit and 6000-09 soil respiration chamber

LI-COR, Inc.

P.O. Box 4425/4421

Superior Street

Lincoln, NE 68504

(303) 499-1701

(303) 499-1767 (fax)

Soil temperature (burial) Campbell Thermocouple

Copper-constantan thermocouple

Campbell Scientific

P.O. Box 551

Logan, UT 84321 USA

(801) 753-2342

(801) 752-3268 (fax)

Thermal conductivity gas chromatography instrumentation (University of Guelph)

Datalogger model 21X

Campbell Scientific, Inc. (CSI)

P.O. Box 551

Logan, UT 84321 USA

(801) 753-234

(801) 752-3268 (fax)

Page 5
TDR

TDR depth(segmented)probesandMoisturePointDepthProbeReader

G.S.Gabel& AssociatesLtd.

100- 4243GlanfordAvenue

Victoria,BritishColumbia,CanadaV8Z 4B9

(250)479-6588(general)

(800)799-6324(withinNorthAmericaonly)

(250)479-1412(fax)

info@esica.comhttp://www.esica.com/

TDR surfaceprobes

(threestainlesssteelrodsandtwodiodes)

(homemade)

4.2 Calibration

4.2.1 Specifications

The TDR calibration was done in the field using gravimetric sampling and a bulk density profile.

Chamber calibration was done by using calibration gases used to calibrate the eddy correlation/CO2

profile analyzers. Analysis was performed at the Atmospheric Environment Service (AES)

Headquarters, Downsview, Ontario, Canada, using a standard traceable to a Scripps analysis in 1993.

4.2.1.1 Tolerance

None given.

4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration

• Soil chamber Infrared Gas Analyzer (IRGA): 3 times during 1994 growing season

• TDR: Organic surface layer: calibrated using gravimetric samples taken every 2-3 days in

1994 (Blanken et al. 1997).

• TDR: Mineral layers: calibrated using gravimetric profiles (2) in 1994

4.2.3 Other Calibration Information

Not applicable.

5. Data Acquisition Methods

Soil respiration (CO 2 efflux) was measured with a LI-COR 6200 portable photosynthesis unit from the

6000-09 soil respiration chamber. This unit also facilitates measurements of chamber temperature,

relative humidity, and soil temperature adjacent to the chamber. Data are daytime averages of daily

observations recorded between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. SSA local time. Soil CO2 concentrations were

collected in evacuated containers from sampling lines in the surface soil. These samples were analyzed

for CO2 concentration by thermal conductivity gas chromatography. Soil temperatures were measured

with thermocouples attached to a Campbell 21X datalogger. Data are daily averages of half-hour

observations. Data for 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 m are averages of three probes (one close to tower, i.e.,

University of British Columbia probes, and two along soil respiration boardwalk, i.e., University of

Guelph probes). Data for 0.5 and 1.0 m were recorded from one set of probes close to the tower.

Gravimetric data were derived from the weight loss of wet soil after 72 hours in an oven at 60 °C for

organic soil samples and at 105 °C for mineral soil samples. Soil moisture was determined from the

time delay along probe transmission lines, i.e., TDR. Time delays were converted to volumetric

moisture contents using the Hook and Livingston (1992) equation where the ratio of the time delay in

dry soil to that in air was 1.2 for organic soil and 1.55 for mineral soil. Two types of TDR probes

were used, surface and depth. Surface probes consisted of three parallel 0.3-m lengths of stainless

Page 6
steelweldingrod2 cm apart.Thesewereinsertedinto surfacesoil layers,i.e.,0 to 0.3m in a

horizontalorientation,andconnectedto aTektronixcabletestervialengthsof coaxialcable.TDR

depthprobesandMoisturePointelectronicswerepurchasedfrom GabelCorp.Thedepthprobescould

alsobereadby theTektronixcabletester.Thedepthprobeswere4 feetin lengthandcouldestimate

soilmoisturecontentalongfive segments(6 inches,6inches,1foot, 1foot, 1foot).Theseprobes

wereinsertedverticallyintotheforestfloor. Extensivedetailsof methodsandequipmentis outlinedin

thepublications(i.e.,RussellandVoroney, 1998;Russellet al., 1998;Blacket al., 1996;Chenet al.,

1999).

Forthemainflux system,all rawdatawererecordedusingPCcomputersystemswith backuptape

drives.Half-hourfluxeswerecalculatedonline.For othermeasurements, all thosedatawererecorded

by dataloggers(model21X,CampbellScientific,Inc.,Logan,UT), whichwerenetworkedtogether

(usingthemodelMD-9 networkinterface) alongwith themainsystem.Every3hours,thisnetwork

automaticallytransferred(usingpcANYWHERE,SymantecCorp.)all datafrom theloggersto a

networkcomputer.Thiscomputerwasaccessedfrom ourlaboratoryatUniversityof BritishColumbia

throughacommunicationsystem,whichcomprisedamodem,cellularphone,andYagi antennaatthe

site,andaphoneandmodemin thelaboratory.TheYagi antennawasmountedabovethetreesandthe

cellularphonewashousedin athermostaticallycontrolledboxneartheantenna.At midnightthesite

computercompressedtheprevious24hoursof half-hourflux data,calledthelaboratory,andin 3

minutestransferred(usingKermit)thecompressedatato thelaboratorycomputer.

6.1 Data Notes

Nonegiven.

6.2 Field Notes

Nonegiven.

6. Observations

7. Data Description

7.1 Spatial Characteristics

7.1.1 Spatial Coverage

The SSA measurement site and associated North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) coordinates

are:

• SSA-OA, site id C3B7T, Lat/Long: 53.62889 ° N, 106.19779 ° W, UTM Zone 13, N:

5942899.9, E: 420790.5.

7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map

Not available.

7.1.3 Spatial Resolution

The data are point measurements at the given location.

7.1.4 Projection

Not applicable.

7.1.5 Grid Description

Not applicable.

Page 7
7.2 Temporal Characteristics

7.2.1 Temporal Coverage

Measurement occurred between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. SSA local time.

7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map

None given.

7.2.3 Temporal Resolution

None given.

7.3 Data Characteristics

7.3.1 Parameter/Variable

The parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

TF01 SOIL CO2 CONC

Column Name

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

START TIME

END TIME

SOIL DEPTH

SOIL LAYER

MEAN CO2 CONC

COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 CONC

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL MOIST GRAV

Column Name

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH DESCR

MEAN GRAV SOIL MOIST

MEAN BULK DENSITY

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL MOIST SUMMARY

Column Name

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH DESCR

SENSOR TYPE

NUM OBS

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST

Page 8
COEFF VAR VOL SOIL MOIST

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL MOIST VOL

Column Name

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH DESCR

LOCATION ID

SENSOR TYPE

SENSOR ID

VOL SOIL MOIST

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL RESP FLUX

Column Name

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

START TIME

END TIME

NUM OBS

NUM SITES

MEAN SOIL CO2 FLUX

COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 FLUX

MEAN SOIL TEMP 0 10CM

MEAN AIR TEMP CHAMBER

MEAN REL HUM CHAMBER

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL TEMP

Column Name

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH

MEAN SOIL TEMP

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

Page 9
7.3.2 Variable Description/Definition

The descriptions of the parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

TF01 SOIL CO2 CONC

Column Name Description

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

START TIME

END TIME

SOIL DEPTH

SOIL LAYER

MEAN CO2 CONC

COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 CONC

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL MOIST GRAV

Column Name

The identifier assigned to the site by BOREAS, in

the format SSS-TTT-CCCCC, where SSS identifies

the portion of the study area: NSA, SSA, REG,

TRN, and TTT identifies the cover type for the

site, 999 if unknown, and CCCCC is the identifier

for site, exactly what it means will vary with

site type.

The identifier assigned to the sub-site by

BOREAS, in the format GGGGG-IIIII, where GGGGG is

the group associated with the sub-site

instrument, e.g. HYD06 or STAFF, and IIIII is the

identifier for sub-site, often this will refer to

an instrument.

The date on which the data were collected.

The starting Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) for the

data collected.

The ending Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) for the

data collected.

The depth below the soil surface at which the

measurement was taken.

The soil layer in which the measurement was

taken.

The mean carbon dioxide concentration.

The coefficient of variation for the soil CO2

concentration data.

The BOREAS certification level of the data.

Examples are CPI (Checked by PI), CGR (Certified

by Group), PRE (Preliminary), and CPI-??? (CPI

but questionable).

The most recent date when the information in the

referenced data base table record was revised.

Description

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

The identifier assigned to the site by BOREAS, in

the format SSS-TTT-CCCCC, where SSS identifies

the portion of the study area: NSA, SSA, REG,

TRN, and TTT identifies the cover type for the

site, 999 if unknown, and CCCCC is the identifier

for site, exactly what it means will vary with

site type.

The identifier assigned to the sub-site by

BOREAS, in the format GGGGG-IIIII, where GGGGG is

the group associated with the sub-site

instrument, e.g. HYD06 or STAFF, and IIIII is the

identifier for sub-site, often this will refer to

an instrument.

Page 10
DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH DESCR

MEAN GRAV SOIL MOIST

MEAN BULK DENSITY

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TFOI SOIL MOIST SUMMARY

Column Name

The date on which the data were collected.

The soil depth range or the name of the soil

surface horizon where the measurements were

taken. See documentation for a description of

the soil horizons.

The mean percentage of gravimetric moisture

present in the soil at this depth range or

horizon area.

The mean bulk density of the soil at this depth

range or horizon area.

The mean percentage of volumetric moisture

present in the soil at this depth range or

horizon area.

The BOREAS certification level of the data.

Examples are CPI (Checked by PI), CGR (Certified

by Group), PRE (Preliminary), and CPI-??? (CPI

but questionable).

The most recent date when the information in the

referenced data base table record was revised.

Description

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH DESCR

SENSOR TYPE

NUM OBS

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST

COEFF VAR VOL SOIL MOIST

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

The identifier assigned to the site by BOREAS, in

the format SSS-TTT-CCCCC, where SSS identifies

the portion of the study area: NSA, SSA, REG,

TRN, and TTT identifies the cover type for the

site, 999 if unknown, and CCCCC is the identifier

for site, exactly what it means will vary with

site type.

The identifier assigned to the sub-site by

BOREAS, in the format GGGGG-IIIII, where GGGGG is

the group associated with the sub-site

instrument, e.g. HYD06 or STAFF, and IIIII is the

identifier for sub-site, often this will refer to

an instrument.

The date on which the data were collected.

The soil depth range or the name of the soil

surface horizon where the measurements were

taken. See documentation for a description of

the soil horizons.

The type of sensor used to make the measurements.

Number of observations of the given sample used

to calculate given values.

The mean percentage of volumetric moisture

present in the soil at this depth range or

horizon area.

The coefficient of variation for the volumetric

(TDR) soil moisture data.

The BOREAS certification level of the data.

Examples are CPI (Checked by PI), CGR (Certified

by Group), PRE (Preliminary), and CPI-??? (CPI

but questionable).

The most recent date when the information in the

referenced data base table record was revised.

Page 11
TF01 SOIL MOIST VOL

Column Name Description

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH DESCR

LOCATION ID

SENSOR TYPE

SENSOR ID

VOL SOIL MOIST

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL RESP FLUX

Column Name

The identifier assigned to the site by BOREAS, in

the format SSS-TTT-CCCCC, where SSS identifies

the portion of the study area: NSA, SSA, REG,

TRN, and TTT identifies the cover type for the

site, 999 if unknown, and CCCCC is the identifier

for site, exactly what it means will vary with

site type.

The identifier assigned to the sub-site by

BOREAS, in the format GGGGG-IIIII, where GGGGG is

the group associated with the sub-site

instrument, e.g. HYD06 or STAFF, and IIIII is the

identifier for sub-site, often this will refer to

an instrument.

The date on which the data were collected.

The soil depth range or the name of the soil

surface horizon where the measurements were

taken. See documentation for a description of

the soil horizons.

The location within the site where the

measurement was taken.

The type of sensor used to make the measurements.

The identifier given to the sensor/instrument

that collected the data.

Contains the percent volumetric soil moisture

value.

The BOREAS certification level of the data.

Examples are CPI (Checked by PI), CGR (Certified

by Group), PRE (Preliminary), and CPI-??? (CPI

but questionable).

The most recent date when the information in the

referenced data base table record was revised.

Description

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

START TIME

The identifier assigned to the site by BOREAS, in

the format SSS-TTT-CCCCC, where SSS identifies

the portion of the study area: NSA, SSA, REG,

TRN, and TTT identifies the cover type for the

site, 999 if unknown, and CCCCC is the identifier

for site, exactly what it means will vary with

site type.

The identifier assigned to the sub-site by

BOREAS, in the format GGGGG-IIIII, where GGGGG is

the group associated with the sub-site

instrument, e.g. HYD06 or STAFF, and IIIII is the

identifier for sub-site, often this will refer to

an instrument.

The date on which the data were collected.

The starting Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) for the

data collected.

Page 12
END TIME

NUM OBS

NUM SITES

MEAN SOIL CO2 FLUX

COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 FLUX

MEAN SOIL TEMP 0 10CM

MEAN AIR TEMP CHAMBER

MEAN REL HUM CHAMBER

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL TEMP

Column Name

The ending Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) for the

data collected.

Number of observations of the given sample used

to calculate given values.

The number of sites measured.

The mean of the soil CO2 flux.

The coefficient of variation for the soil CO2

flux data.

The mean soil temperature for 0 to i0 centimeter

depth collected adjacent to the soil CO2 flux

chamber.

The mean air temperature in the chamber.

The mean relative humidity inside the measurement

chamber.

The BOREAS certification level of the data.

Examples are CPI (Checked by PI), CGR (Certified

by Group), PRE (Preliminary), and CPI-??? (CPI

but questionable).

The most recent date when the information in the

referenced data base table record was revised.

Description

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH

MEAN SOIL TEMP

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

The identifier assigned to the site by BOREAS, in

the format SSS-TTT-CCCCC, where SSS identifies

the portion of the study area: NSA, SSA, REG,

TRN, and TTT identifies the cover type for the

site, 999 if unknown, and CCCCC is the identifier

for site, exactly what it means will vary with

site type.

The identifier assigned to the sub-site by

BOREAS, in the format GGGGG-IIIII, where GGGGG is

the group associated with the sub-site

instrument, e.g. HYD06 or STAFF, and IIIII is the

identifier for sub-site, often this will refer to

an instrument.

The date on which the data were collected.

The depth below the soil surface at which the

measurement was taken.

The mean soil temperature.

The BOREAS certification level of the data.

Examples are CPI (Checked by PI), CGR (Certified

by Group), PRE (Preliminary), and CPI-??? (CPI

but questionable).

The most recent date when the information in the

referenced data base table record was revised.

Page 13
7.3.3 Unit of Measurement

The measurement units for the parameters contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

TF01 SOIL CO2 CONC

Column Name Units

SITE NAME [none]

SUB SITE [none]

DATE OBS [DD-MON-YY]

START TIME [HHMM GMT]

END TIME [HHMM GMT]

SOIL DEPTH [millimeters]

SOIL LAYER [none]

MEAN CO2 CONC [micromoles CO2] [mole air^-l]

COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 CONC [percent]

CRTFCN CODE [none]

REVISION DATE [DD-MON-YY]

TF01 SOIL MOIST GRAV

Column Name Units

SITE NAME [none]

SUB SITE [none]

DATE OBS [DD-MON-YY]

SOIL DEPTH DESCR [none]

MEAN GRAV SOIL MOIST [percent]

MEAN BULK DENSITY [kilograms] [meter^-3]

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST [percent]

CRTFCN CODE [none]

REVISION DATE [DD-MON-YY]

TF01 SOIL MOIST SUMMARY

Column Name Units

SITE NAME [none]

SUB SITE [none]

DATE OBS [DD-MON-YY]

SOIL DEPTH DESCR [none]

SENSOR TYPE [none]

NUM OBS [counts]

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST [percent]

COEFF VAR VOL SOIL MOIST [percent]

CRTFCN CODE [none]

REVISION DATE [DD-MON-YY]

TF01 SOIL MOIST VOL

Column Name Units

SITE NAME [none]

SUB SITE [none]

DATE OBS [DD-MON-YY]

SOIL DEPTH DESCR [none]

LOCATION ID [none]

SENSOR TYPE [none]

Page 14
SENSOR ID

VOL SOIL MOIST

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL RESP FLUX

Column Name

[none]

[percent]

[none]

[DD-MON-YY]

Units

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

START TIME

END TIME

NUM OBS

NUM SITES

MEAN SOIL CO2 FLUX

COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 FLUX

MEAN SOIL TEMP 0 10CM

MEAN AIR TEMP CHAMBER

MEAN REL HUM CHAMBER

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL TEMP

Column Name

[none]

[none]

[DD-MON-YY]

[HHMM GMT]

[HHMM GMT]

[counts]

[count]

[micromoles CO2] [meters^-2] [second^-l]

[percent]

[degrees Celsius]

[degrees Celsius]

[percent]

[none]

[DD-MON-YY]

Units

SITE NAME [none]

SUB SITE [none]

DATE OBS [DD-MON-YY]

SOIL DEPTH [millimeters]

MEAN SOIL TEMP [degrees Celsius]

CRTFCN CODE [none]

REVISION DATE [DD-MON-YY]

7.3.4 Data Source

The source of the parameter values contained in the data files on the CD-ROM are:

TF01 SOIL CO2 CONC

Column Name Data Source

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

START TIME

END TIME

SOIL DEPTH

SOIL LAYER

MEAN CO2 CONC

COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 CONC

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

Page 15
TF01 SOIL MOIST GRAV

Column Name Data Source

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH DESCR

MEAN GRAV SOIL MOIST

MEAN BULK DENSITY

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL MOIST SUMMARY

Column Name

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

Data Source

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH DESCR

SENSOR TYPE

NUM OBS

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST

COEFF VAR VOL SOIL MOIST

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL MOIST VOL

Column Name

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

Data Source

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH DESCR

LOCATION ID

SENSOR TYPE

SENSOR ID

VOL SOIL MOIST

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL RESP FLUX

Column Name

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

Data Source

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

START TIME

END TIME

NUM OBS

NUM SITES

MEAN SOIL CO2 FLUX

COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 FLUX

MEAN SOIL TEMP 0 10CM

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[Laboratory Equipment]

Page 16
MEAN AIR TEMP CHAMBER

MEAN REL HUM CHAMBER

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

TF01 SOIL TEMP

Column Name

[Laboratory Equipment]

[Laboratory Equipment]

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

Data Source

SITE NAME

SUB SITE

DATE OBS

SOIL DEPTH

MEAN SOIL TEMP

CRTFCN CODE

REVISION DATE

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

[Human Observer]

[Human Observer]

[Thermometer]

[BORIS Designation]

[BORIS Designation]

7.3.5 Data Range

The following table gives information about the parameter values found in the data files on the

CD-ROM.

TF01 SOIL CO2 CONC

Minimum Maximum Missng Unrel Below

Data Data Data Data Detect

Column Name Value Value Value Value Limit

Data

Not

Cllctd

SITE NAME SSA-9OA-FLXTR SSA-9OA-FLXTR None None None

SUB SITE 9TF01-SOI01 9TF01-SOI01 None None None

DATE OBS 25-MAY-94 18-SEP-94 None None None

START TIME 1600 1600 None None None

END TIME 2200 2200 None None None

SOIL DEPTH 62 150 None None None

SOIL LAYER N/A N/A None None None

MEAN CO2 CONC 813.53 7674.1 None None None

COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 12.06818 56.84175 None None None

CONC

CRTFCN CODE CPI CPI None None None

REVISION DATE 14-SEP-99 14-SEP-99 None None None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

TF01 SOIL MOIST GRAV

Minimum Maximum Missng Unrel Below

Data Data Data Data Detect

Column Name Value Value Value Value Limit

Data

Not

Cllctd

SITE NAME SSA-9OA-FLXTR SSA-9OA-FLXTR None None None

SUB SITE 9TF01-SOI01 9TF01-SOI01 None None None

DATE OBS 13-MAY-94 19-SEP-94 None None None

SOIL DEPTH DESCR N/A N/A None None None

MEAN GRAV SOIL MOIST 4.827254 248.61 None None None

MEAN BULK DENSITY 108 1500 None None None

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST 5.985795 41.2 None None None

CRTFCN CODE CPI CPI None None None

REVISION DATE 18-AUG-99 18-AUG-99 None None None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

Page 17
TF01 SOIL MOIST SUMMARY

Minimum

Data

Column Name Value

Maximum Missng Unrel Below Data

Data Data Data Detect Not

Value Value Value Limit Cllctd

SITE NAME SSA-9OA-FLXTR SSA-9OA-FLXTR None None None

SUB SITE 9TF01-SOI01 9TF01-SOI01 None None None

DATE OBS 02-FEB-94 26-NOV-94 None None None

SOIL DEPTH DESCR N/A N/A None None None

SENSOR TYPE N/A N/A None None None

NUM OBS 1 6 -999 None None

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST 1 67 -999 None None

COEFF VAR VOL SOIL 0 135.4253 -999 None None

MOIST

CRTFCN CODE CPI CPI None None None

REVISION DATE 03-SEP-99 03-SEP-99 None None None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

TF01 SOIL MOIST VOL

Minimum Maximum Mi s sng

Data Data Data

Column Name Value Value Value

Unrel

Data

Value

Below

Detect

Limit

Data

Not

Cllctd

SITE NAME SSA-9OA-FLXTR SSA-9OA-FLXTR None None None

SUB SITE 9TF01-SOI01 9TF01-SOI01 None None None

DATE OBS 02-FEB-94 26-NOV-94 None None None

SOIL DEPTH DESCR N/A N/A None None None

LOCATION ID A D None None None

SENSOR TYPE N/A N/A None None None

SENSOR ID N/A N/A None None None

VOL SOIL MOIST -4 67 None None None

CRTFCN CODE CPI CPI None None None

REVISION DATE 02-SEP-99 02-SEP-99 None None None

None

None

None

None

Blank

None

Blank

None

None

None

TF01 SOIL RESP FLUX

Minimum Maximum Mi s sng

Data Data Data

Column Name Value Value Value

Unrel

Data

Value

Below

Detect

Limit

Data

Not

Cllctd

SITE NAME SSA-9OA-FLXTR

SUB SITE 9TF01-SOI01

DATE OBS 16-APR-94

START TIME 1600

END TIME 2200

NUM OBS 5

NUM SITES 3

MEAN SOIL CO2 FLUX .000618

COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 5.429534

FLUX

MEAN SOIL TEMP 0 .489444

10CM

MEAN AIR TEMP 8.9

CHAMBER

SSA-9OA-FLXTR None None None None

9TF01-SOI01 None None None None

24-SEP-94 None None None None

1600 None None None None

2200 None None None None

36 None None None None

24 None None None None

.0093454 None None None None

73.7449 None None None None

16.73333 None None None None

30.6 None None None None

Page 18
MEAN REL HUM CHAMBER 8.26 98.4 None None None None

CRTFCN CODE CPI CPI None None None None

REVISION DATE 02-SEP-99 02-SEP-99 None None None None

TF01 SOIL TEMP

Column Name

Minimum Maximum Missng Unrel Below Data

Data Data Data Data Detect Not

Value Value Value Value Limit Cllctd

SITE NAME SSA-9OA-FLXTR SSA-9OA-FLXTR None None None None

SUB SITE 9TF01-SOI01 9TF01-SOI01 None None None None

DATE OBS 01-APR-94 18-SEP-94 None None None None

SOIL DEPTH 50 i000 None None None None

MEAN SOIL TEMP -.2546 15.615 None None None None

CRTFCN CODE CPI CPI None None None None

REVISION DATE 07-SEP-99 07-SEP-99 None None None None

Minimum Data Value -- The minimum value found in the column.

Maximum Data Value -- The maximum value found in the column.

Missng Data Value -- The value that indicates missing data. This is used to

indicate that an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the attempt was unsuccessful.

Unrel Data Value -- The value that indicates unreliable data. This is used

to indicate an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the value was deemed to be

unreliable by the analysis personnel.

Below Detect Limit -- The value that indicates parameter values below the

instruments detection limits. This is used to

indicate that an attempt was made to determine the

parameter value, but the analysis personnel determined

that the parameter value was below the detection

limit of the instrumentation.

Data Not Cllctd -- This value indicates that no attempt was made to

determine the parameter value. This usually

indicates that BORIS combined several similar but

not identical data sets into the same data base table

but this particular science team did not

measure that parameter.

Blank -- Indicates that blank spaces are used to denote that type of value.

N/A -- Indicates that the value is not applicable to the respective column.

None -- Indicates that no values of that sort were found in the column.

Page 19
7.4 Sample Data Record

The following are wrapped versions of data record from a sample data file on the CD-ROM.

TF01 SOIL CO2 CONC

SITE NAME,SUB SITE,DATE OBS,START TIME,END TIME,SOIL DEPTH, SOIL LAYER,

MEAN CO2 CONC,COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 CONC,CRTFCN CODE,REVISION DATE

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01',25-MAY-94,1600,2200,62.0, 'MID HUMUS',934.11,

30.1483, 'CPI',I4-SEP-99

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01',25-MAY-94,1600,2200,150.0, 'SURFACE MINERAL SOIL',

1684.26,31.01604, 'CPI',I4-SEP-99

TF01 SOIL MOIST GRAV

SITE NAME,SUB SITE,DATE OBS,SOIL DEPTH DESCR, MEAN GRAV SOIL MOIST,

MEAN BULK DENSITYMEAN VOL SOIL MOIST,CRTFCN CODE,REVISION DATE

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01', 13-MAY-94, '0 3',217.19, 108,23.6, 'CPI', 18-AUG-99

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01', 13-MAY-94, '3 6', 140.98, 182,25.6, 'CPI', 18-AUG-99

TF01 SOIL MOIST SUMMARY

SITE NAME,SUB SITE,DATE OBS,SOIL DEPTH DESCR, SENSOR TYPE,NUM OBS,

MEAN VOL SOIL MOIST,COEFF VAR VOL SOIL MOIST,CRTFCN CODE,REVISION DATE

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01', 02 -FEB- 94, 'MID HUMUS', 'SURFACE PROBE', i, 8.0, 0.0,

'CPI', 03-SEP-99

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01', 02-FEB-94, '15 CM', 'SURFACE PROBE', i, 15.0, 0.0,

'CPI', 03-SEP-99

TF01 SOIL MOIST VOL

SITE NAME,SUB SITE,DATE OBS,SOIL DEPTH DESCR, LOCATION ID,SENSOR TYPE,SENSOR ID,

VOL SOIL MOIST,CRTFCN CODE,REVISION DATE

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01',02-FEB-94, '8 CM', 'D', 'SURFACE PROBE', '',8.0, 'CPI',

02-SEP-99

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01',02-FEB-94, 'SURFACE MINERAL SOIL (15 CM) ', 'D',

'SURFACE PROBE', '',15.0, 'CPI',02-SEP-99

TF01 SOIL RESP FLUX

SITE NAME,SUB SITE,DATE OBS,START TIME,END TIME,NUM OBS,NUM SITES,

MEAN SOIL CO2 FLUX,COEFF VAR SOIL CO2 FLUX,MEAN SOIL TEMP 0 10CM,

MEAN AIR TEMP CHAMBER, MEAN REL HUM CHAMBER, CRTFCN CODE,REVISION DATE

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01',I6-APR-94,1600,2200,5,5, .0007793,35.3695, .5,12.0,

48.0, 'CPI' , 02-SEP-99

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01',22-APR-94,1600,2200,24,24, .0013687,36.60205,

.66875,21.3,46.33333, 'CPI' , 02-SEP-99

TF01 SOIL TEMP

SITE NAME,SUB SITE, DATE OBS,SOIL DEPTH, MEAN SOIL TEMP,CRTFCN CODE, REVISION DATE

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01', 01-APR-94,50.0,-.0469, 'CPI', 07-SEP-99

'SSA-9OA-FLXTR', '9TF01-SOI01', 01-APR-94, i00.0,-.0923, 'CPI', 07-SEP-99

Page 20
8. Data Organization

8.1 Data Granularity

The smallest unit of data tracked by the BOREAS Information System (BORIS) was the data

collected at a given site on a given date.

8.2 Data Format(s)

The Compact Disk-Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) files contain American Standard Code for

Information Interchange (ASCII) numerical and character fields of varying length separated by

commas. The character fields are enclosed with single apostrophe marks. There are no spaces between

the fields.

Each data file on the CD-ROM has four header lines of Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML)

code at the top. When viewed with a Web browser, this code displays header information (data set

title, location, date, acknowledgments, etc.) and a series of HTML links to associated data files and

related data sets. Line 5 of each data file is a list of the column names, and line 6 and following lines

contain the actual data.

9. Data Manipulations

9.1 Formulae

9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms

None given.

9.2 Data Processing Sequence

None given.

9.2.1 Processing Steps

None given.

9.2.2 Processing Changes

None given.

9.3 Calculations

9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments

None given.

9.3.2 Calculated Variables

None given.

9.4 Graphs and Plots

None given.

10.1 Sources of Error

None given.

10.2 Quality Assessment

None given.

10. Errors

Page 21
10.2.1 Data Validation by Source

Data have been reviewed by TF-01 personnel.

10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment

None given.

10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters

None given.

10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments

None given.

10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center

The data were examined for general consistency and clarity.

11. Notes

11.1 Limitations of the Data

None given.

11.2 Known Problems with the Data

None given.

11.3 Usage Guidance

None given.

11.4 Other Relevant Information

None given.

12. Application of the Data Set

This data set can be used to study the soil properties of an aspen boreal forest.

13. Future Modifications and Plans

None given.

14. Software

14.1 Software Description

None given.

14.2 Software Access

None given.

Page 22
15. Data Access

The SSA-OA soil characteristics data are available from the Earth Observing System Data and

Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Archive

Center (DAAC).

15.1 Contact Information

For BOREAS data and documentation please contact:

ORNL DAAC User Services

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

P.O. Box 2008 MS-6407

Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407

Phone: (423) 241-3952

Fax: (423) 574-4665

E-mail: ornldaac@ornl.gov or ornl@eos.nasa.gov

15.2 Data Center Identification

Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory

(ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) for Biogeochemical Dynamics

http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/.

15.3 Procedures for Obtaining Data

Users may obtain data directly through the ORNL DAAC online search and order system

[http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/] and the anonymous FTP site [ftp://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/data/] or by

contacting User Services by electronic mail, telephone, fax, letter, or personal visit using the contact

information in Section 15.1.

15.4 Data Center Status/Plans

The ORNL DAAC is the primary source for BOREAS field measurement, image, GIS, and

hardcopy data products. The BOREAS CD-ROM and data referenced or listed in inventories on the

CD-ROM are available from the ORNL DAAC.

16. Output Products and Availability

16.1 Tape Products

None.

16.2 Film Products

None.

16.3 Other Products

These data are available on the BOREAS CD-ROM series.

Page 23
17. References

17.1 Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation

None given.

17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports

Black, T.A, G. den Hartog, H.H. Neumann, P.D. Blanken, P.C. Yang, C. Russell, Z. Nesic, X.

Lee, S.G. Chen, R. Staebler, and M.D. Novak. 1996. Annual cycles of water vapour and carbon

dioxide fluxes in and above a boreal aspen forest. Global Change Biology 2: 219-229.

Blanken, P.D., T.A. Black, P.C. Yang, H.H. Neumann, Z. Nesic, R. Staebler, G. den Hartog, M.D.

Novak, and X. Lee. 1997. Energy balance and canopy conductance of a boreal aspen forest:

Partitioning overstory and understory components. Journal of Geophysical Research 102(D24):

28,915-28,927.

Chen, W.J., T.A. Black, P.C. Yang, A.G. Barr, H.H. Neumann, Z. Nesic, P.D. Blanken, M.D.

Novak, J. Eley, R.J. Ketler, and R. Cuenca. 1999. Effects of climatic variability on the annual carbon

sequestration by a boreal aspen forest. Global Change Biology 5: 41-53.

Fritschen, L.J. and L.W. Gay. 1979. Environmental Instrumentation. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, New

York and Heidelberg.

Hook, W.R. and N.J. Livingston. 1996. Errors in converting time domain reflectometry

measurements of propagation velocity to estimates of soil water content. Soil Science Society of

America Journal. 60: 35-41.

Hook, W.R., N.J. Livingston, Z.J. Sun, and P.B. Hook. 1992. Remote diode shorting improves

measurement of soil water by time domain reflectometry. Soil Science Society of America Journal 56:

1384-1391.

Newcomer, J., D. Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J. Nickeson,

A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers, eds. 2000. Collected Data of The

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. NASA. CD-ROM.

Pearcy, R.W., J Ehleringer, H.A. Mooney, and P.W. Rundel. 1991. Plant physiological ecology:

Field methods and instrumentation. Chapman and Hall, London and New York.

Russell, C.A. and R.P. Voroney. 1998. Carbon dioxide efflux from the floor of a boreal aspen forest.

I. Relationship to environmental variables and estimates of C respired. Can. J. Soil Sci. 78:301-310.

Russell, C.A., R.P. Voroney, T.A. Black, P.D. Blanken, and P.C. Yang. 1998. Carbon dioxide

efflux from the floor of a boreal aspen forest. II. Evaluation of methods - verification by infra-red

analysis of a dynamic closed chamber. Can. J. Soil Sci. 78:311-316.

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1994. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 94).

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 96).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1994

Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 94).

Page 24
Sellers,P.,F. Hall, andK.F. Huemmrich.1997.BorealEcosystem-AtmosphereStudy:1996

Operations.NASA BOREASReport(OPSDOC96).

Sellers,P.,F. Hall, H. Margolis,B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi,G. denHartog,J.Cihlar, M.G. Ryan,B.

Goodison,P.Crill, K.J.Ranson,D. Lettenmaier,andD.E. Wickland. 1995.Theboreal

ecosystem-atmospherestudy(BOREAS):anoverviewandearlyresultsfrom the1994field year.

Bulletinof theAmericanMeteorologicalSociety.76(9):1549-1577.

Sellers,P.J.,F.G.Hall, R.D.Kelly, A. Black, D. Baldocchi,J. Berry, M. Ryan,K.J. Ranson,P.M.

Crill, D.P.Lettenmaier,H. Margolis,J.Cihlar, J.Newcomer,D. Fitzjarrald,P.G.Jarvis,S.T.

Gower,D. Halliwell, D. Williams, B. Goodison,D.E.Wickland, andF.E.Guertin.1997.BOREAS

in 1997:ExperimentOverview,ScientificResultsandFutureDirections.Journalof Geophysical

Research102(D24):28,731-28,770.

Soil ClassificationWorking Group(Eds.).1998.TheCanadianSystemof Soil Classification.3rd

Edition.AgricultureandAgri-FoodCanadaPublication1646.NationalResourceCouncilof Canada

ResearchPress.Ottawa,Ontario,Canada.187pp.

17.3 Arehive/DBMS Usage Documentation

None.

18. Glossary of Terms

E - Evapotranspiration.

F - Fibric: this is an organic horizon characterized by an accumulation of partly decomposed organic

matter. The original structures in part are difficult to recognize. The horizon may be partly comminuted

by soil fauna as in moder, or it may be a partly decomposed mat permeated by fungal hyphae as in

mor.

Fick's Law - This law states that the rate of diffusion, M, of one material through another is

proportional to the cross sectional area of diffusion, A, the concentration gradient, dC/dX, and the

diffusion coefficient, D. Their relationship is M = -D*A*(dC/dX).

H - Humus: this is an organic horizon characterized by an accumulation of decomposed organic matter

in which the original structures are indiscernible. This material differs from the F horizon by its greater

humification chiefly through the action of organisms. It is frequently intermixed with mineral grains,

especially near the junction with the mineral horizon.

L - Litter: this is an organic horizon characterized by an accumulation of organic matter in which the

original structures are easily discernible.

LFH - The major organic horizons are L, F, and H, which consist mainly of forest litter at various

stages of decomposition. These organic horizons developed primarily from leaves, twigs, woody

materials, and a minor component of mosses under imperfectly to well-drained forest conditions.

Page 25
19. List of Acronyms

AES - Atmospheric Environmental Service

ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Batoche - The study site located in the Batoche National Historic Park

BFTCS

BOREAS

BORIS

CD-ROM

CFS

DAAC

DOY

EOS

EOSDIS

GIS

GMT

GSFC

HTML

IFC

I RGA

NAD 83

NASA

NEP

NOAA

NSA

OA

ORNL

PANP

RSS

S

SSA

TDR

TE

TF

URL

UTM

- Boreal Forest Transect Case Study

- BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study

- BOREAS Information System

- Compact Disk-Read-Only Memory

- Canadian Forest Service

- Distributed Active Archive Center

- Julian Day of Year

- Earth Observing System

- EOS Data and Information System

- Geographic Information System

- Greenwich Mean Time

- Goddard Space Flight Center

- HyperText Markup Language

- Intensive Field Campaign

- Infrared Gas Analyzer

- North American Datum of 1983

- National Aeronautics and Space Administration

- Net Ecosystem Productivity

- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

- Northern Study Area

- Old Aspen

- Oak Ridge National Laboratory

- Prince Albert National Park

- Remote Sensing Science

- Sap Flux Density

- Southern Study Area

- Time Domain Reflectometry

- Terrestrial Ecology

- Tower Flux

- Uniform Resource Locator

- Universal Transverse Mercator

20. Document Information

20.1 Document Revision Date

Written: 09-Jul- 1999

Last Updated: 05-Nov- 1999

20.2 Document Review Date(s)

BORIS Review: 21-Jul- 1999

Science Review:

20.3 Document ID

Page 26
20.4 Citation

Whenusingthesedata,pleaseacknowledgeT. AndyBlackandZ. Nesicof theUniversityof

British Columbia,andincludecitationsofrelevantpapersin Section17.2.

If usingdatafromtheBOREASCD-ROM series,alsoreferencethedataas:

Black,T.A., "BorealForestAtmosphereInteractions:ExchangesofEnergy,WaterVaporand

TraceGases(SSA-OA)."In CollectedDataof TheBorealEcosystem-AtmosphereStudy.Eds.J.

Newcomer,D. Landis,S.Conrad,S.Curd,K. Huemmrich,D. Knapp,A. Morrell, J.Nickeson,A.

Papagno,D. Rinker, R.Strub,T. Twine,F. Hall, andP. Sellers.CD-ROM.NASA, 2000.

Also,citetheBOREASCD-ROMsetas:

Newcomer,J.,D. Landis,S.Conrad,S.Curd,K. Huemmrich,D. Knapp,A. Morrell, J.

Nickeson,A. Papagno,D. Rinker,R.Strub,T. Twine,F. Hall, andP.Sellers,eds.CollectedDataof

TheBorealEcosystem-AtmosphereStudy.NASA. CD-ROM.NASA, 2000.

20.5 Document Curator

20.6 Document URL

Page 27
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE FormApproved

OMB No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden for this collection of informationis estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources,

gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this

collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson

Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503.

1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED

October 2000 Technical Memorandum

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Technical Report Series on the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

BOREAS TF- 1 SSA-OA Soil Characteristics Data

6. AUTHOR(S)

T. Andrew Black, Z. Chen, and Zoran Nesic

Forrest G. Hall and Andrea Papagno, Editors

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Washington, DC 20546-0001

5. FUNDING NUMBERS

923

RTOP: 923-462-33-01

8. PEFORMING ORGANIZATION

REPORT NUMBER

2000-03136-0

10. SPONSORING / MONITORING

AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

TM--2000-209891

Vo1.192

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

T.A. Black, Z. Chen, and Z. Nesic: University of British Columbia, Vancouver;

Andrea Papagno, Raytheon ITSS, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Unclassifie_Unlimited

Subject Category: 43

Report available from the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information,

7121 Standard Drive, Hanover, MD 21076-1320. (301) 621-0390.

12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

The BOREAS TF-1 team collected several data sets in support of its efforts to characterize and interpret soil information at the SSA-OA tower site in 1994 as part of BOREAS. Data sets collected

include soil respiration, temperature, moisture, and gravimetric data. The data are stored in tabular

ASCII format.

14. SUBJECT TERMS

BOREAS, tower flux, soils data.

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OF REPORT

Unclassified

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Unclassified

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2'7

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